,,! ,,my/]y ,,& ,,romance ,,( ,,al*emy ,,& ,,ph>macy ,,! ,,sci5tific ,,press1 ,,ltd4 ,,! ,,my/]y ,,& ,,romance ,,( ,,al*emy ,,& ,,ph>macy ,,by ,c4 ,j4 ,s4 ,,?ompson ,,au?or ,,( 8,,poison ,,romance ,,& ,,poison ,,my/]ies10 8,,! ,,*emi/',s ,,comp5dium10 8,,! ,,cult ,,( ,,beauty10 ,,etc41 ,,etc4 ,,london ,,! ,,sci5tific ,,press1 ,,limit$ #bh #bi ,,s\?ampton ,,/reet1 ,,/r&1 ,w4,c4 #ahig ,,preface4 ,x has be5 my endeav\r 9 ! foll[+ pages to sket*1 h[ev] imp]fectly1 "s phases ( ! romance & my/]y t h surr\nd$ ! arts ( m$ic9e1 al*emy1 & ph>macy f ! e>lie/ p]iod ( :i* we h record d[n to ! close ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! influ5ce ( ! pa/ on ! pres5t is great] ?an we commonly suppose4 ,9 ?is age ( rapid sci5tific progress & brilliant rese>*1 we are apt to ov]look & lose sight ( ! pati5t lab\rs ( ! e>ly pione]s ( sci5ce1 _m ( :om laid ! f\ndations ( discov]ies t h s9ce prov$ ( ine/imable value to mank9d4 ,h5ce ! hi/ory ( ! pa/1 :e!r 9 sci5ce or 9 art1 is always wor?y ( /udy & att5tion4 ,my ?anks are due to ! ,editor ( ! ,ph>maceutical ,j\rnal = p]mission to reproduce sev]al illu/rations :i* appe>$ 9 its pages toge!r ) a portion ( ?is "w4 ,c4 ,j4 ,s4 ,t ,,liv]pool1 #ahig4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,dawn ,,( ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,heal+4 ,! f\ndation ( ! art ( heal+--,! mo/ anci5t record ( m$ic9e & ph>macy--,! ,eb]s ,papyrus--,orig9 ( ! t]m ph>maci/--,drugs us$ 9 anci5t ,egypt--,e>ly ,jewi% m$ic9es--,! antiquity ( m$ic9e & al*emy 9 ,*9a--,! ,*9ese & ! ,philosoph]'s ,/one--,anci5t ,*9ese mat]ia m$ica--,! m$ical art 9 anci5t ,greece--,! ,grecian temples ( m$ic9e--,me?ods ( treatm5t--,! oa? ( ,hippocrates pages #a-ac ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,wiz>ds ,,( ,,e>ly ,,greece4 ,tiresias--,ab>is--,py?agoras--,epim5ide s--,emp$ocles--,ari/ras-- ,h]motimus pages #ad-bc ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,wiz>ds ,,( ,,! ,,roman ,,empire4 ,a ,roman sorc]ess--,virgil's sorc]ess--,canidia--,a wit*es' incantation pages #bd-bi ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,fa!rs ,,( ,,m$ic9e4 sculapius--,hippocrates--,diocles--,prax agoras--,*rysippus-- ,hi]philus--,erasi/ratus--,s]apion--,asc lepiades--,gal5--,8 sy/em ( treatm5t--,m$ical practice 9 ! fif? c5tury--,alex&] ( ,tralles--,! fees ( ,roman practition]s--,votive (f]+s = heal?--,roman don>ia--,roman temples ( heal+ pages #cj-ch ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,age ,,( ,,greek ,,& ,,roman ,,ph>macy4 ,celsus--,roman ph>macy--,me?ods ( adm9i/ration--,antidotes--,grecian rem$y = hydrophobia--,*emical bodies & drugs employ$ by ! ,greeks & ,romans--,dioscorides--,8 "w on mat]ia m$ica--,anci5t me?od ( collect+ opium--,prep>ation ( wool fat--,drugs us$ 9 ,pompeii & ,h]culaneum pages #ci-df ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,al*emy--,,! ,,al*emi/s4 ,orig9 ( ! t]m *emi/ry--,practice ( ! h]metic sci5ce by ! ,egyptians--,al-,*9dus--,geb]--,rhazes-- ,m]l9--,/4 ,dun/an--,alb]tus ,magnus--,v9c5t de ,beauvais--,raymond ,lulli--,arnauld de ,vill5euve--,rog] ,bacon--,antonio ,qua9]--,discov]ies made by ! e>ly al*emi/s--,eck--,john ,bapti/ ,porta--,cornelius ,agrippa--,dr4 ,dee--,symbols ( ! al*emi/s pages #dg-fc ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,philosoph]',s ,,/one4 ,al*emical rese>*--,its objects--,suppos$ composition ( ! ,philosoph]'s ,/one--,claimants to ! discov]y--,! !ories ( ,rhazes1 ,m]l9 & ,bacon--,bacon's def9ition ( al*emy--,ripley's process--,! ,elixir ( ,life--,! !ories ( ,p>acelsus--,8 secret elixirs--,elixir ,vit pages #fd-ga ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,black ,,art ,,& ,,occult ,,sci5ces4 ,! antiquity ( magic--,e>ly magicians & wise m5--,v>iety ( =ms practis$--,oneiromancy--,!urgy & ,goetry--,hi/oric dreams--,necromancy--,me?ods ( evocation--,*iromancy--,orig9 ( ! practice--,a/rology--,its antiquity--,fam\s a/rolog]s pages #gb-gh ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,=etell+4 ,influ5ce ( ! planets & signs ( ! ,zodiac--,ca/+ horoscopes--,me?ods ( div9ation--,cry/al gaz+--,dactylomancy--,pyromancy pages #gi-hb ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,black ,,magic4 ,practice ( magic by ! e>ly al*emi/s--,demonology--,initiation ( novices--,tak+ ! oa?--,! c]emonial--,p]fumes employ$--,composition ( ! inc5se us$--,black magic by burn+--,wit*craft--,me?ods ( practice--,trial ( ! ,du*ess ( ,gl\ce/]--,! 8evil eye0--,app>itions 9 ! sky--,a wit*es' ,sabba?--,appe>ance ( ! devil--,orig9 ( ! ^w 8wit*0--,_! initiation & pact pages #hc-hi ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,sup]/ition ,,& ,,its ,,influ5ce ,,on ,,m$ic9e4 ,orig9 ( incantations & *>ms--,! cure ( disease by poetry & music--,anci5t !ory ( ! cause ( disease--,preci\s /ones z rem$ial ag5ts--,influ5ce ( ! planets on h]bs--,survival ( old sup]/iti\s cu/oms--,! 8coral & bells0--,sympa!tic p[d]s--,cur+ by t\*--,empirical no/rums--,! doctr9e ( ,signatories--,anci5t sup]/iti\s practices pages #ij-ig ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,love ,,philtres4 ,composition ( philtres--,roman love philtres--,law aga9/ _! use--,greek ,love philtres--,+r$i5ts employ$--,botanomancy--8,wat] ( ,magnanimity0 pages #ih-aja ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,pione]s ,,( ,,ph>macy ,,& ,,botany--,,physic ,,g>d5s4 ,drugs us$ by ! ,arabs--,avic5na--,basil ,val5t9e--,p>acelsus--,8 life & tea*+--,van ,helmont--,mona/ic ,g>d5s--,mesu--,ebor-,taitor--,! m$ical treatm5t ( ! monks--,hildeg>de--,gilb]t & ,h]nicus ,arviell--,simon de ,cordo--,pet] de ,cresc5zi--,b>?olomew ,glanvil--,adv5t ( pr9t+--,george ,agricola--,conrad ,gesn]--,jacques ,gohory--,! ,j>d9 des ,plantes--,william ,davisson--,mat?ias ( ,lille--,&rew ,cesalp9--,! fir/ ph>macopia--,! ,london ,ph>macopia--,! ,dubl9 ,ph>macopia--,! ,briti% ,ph>macopia--,! ,*elsea ,physic ,g>d5--,its orig9--,?omas ,dov]--,! 8quicksilv] doctor0--,8 exploits pages #ajb-aag ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,amulets1 ,,talismans ,,& ,,*>ms4 ,_! antiquity--,def9ition--,object ( _! use--,egyptian amulets--,grecian amulets--,roman amulets--,*9ese amulets--,knightly talismans--,preci\s /ones z talismans--,metallic amulets--,writt5 amulets--,amulet r+s--,curi\s articles us$ z amulets--,*>ms--,! 8,lee ,p5ny0--,! 8,holy ,h&0--,m$ical ,*>ms--,e>ly ,briti% *>m--,toad/ones--,m$ic9al virtues ( ! toad--,roman *>m = prolong+ life pages #aah-acg ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,monk ,,physicians--,,it9]ant ,,doctors--,,surg]y ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,ages4 ,monk physicians & _! me?ods ( treatm5t--,e>ly hospitals--,_! orig9ators--,! fir/ s*ool ( nurses--,m$ical faculties ( ! ?irte5? c5tury--,exam9ations = title ( ma/] physician & surgeon--,b>b] surgeons--,it9]ant b>b]s 9 ,france--,cr$ulity ( ! public--,m$ical art 9 ! fifte5? c5tury--,surg]y 9 ! "t ( ! ,crusades--,e>ly te/s = wat]--,me?ods ( dis9fection pages #ach-adf ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,plant ,,lore--,,drug ,,*>ms--,,folk ,,m$ic9e4 ,! my/]y ( dragon's blood--,*>ms & sup]/iti\s practises connect$ ) dragon's blood--,use ( dragon's blood by ! anci5ts--,mod]n practition]s ( magic--,magic prop]ties attribut$ to ! walnut--,sage--,rue--,h5bane--,moon ,wort--,solomon's ,seal--,anemone--,trefoil--,/4 ,john's ,wort--,dill--,?i/le--,h\se-leek--,pimp] nell--,v]va9--,magic wrea!s--,hawkwe$--,m\nta9 ,a%--,squill--,m&rake--,me?od ( ga!r+ ! m&rake--,abrunes--,! will[ z a symbol ( sorr[--,almonds--,! ba*elor's button--,! bean & nut--,:ite haw?orn--,f]ns & f]n se$s--,leaves ( peculi> %ape--,black hellebore--,c]emonial rites obs]v$ :5 collect+ ! root--,peony--,=get-me-n--,eld] pages #adg-afe ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,mummies ,,& ,,_! ,,use ,,9 ,,m$ic9e--,,! ,,unicorn4 ,! art ( embalm+ & its antiquity--,v>i\s processes employ$--,! co/ ( embalm+--,! practition]s ( ! art--,! drugs & sub/ances employ$--,process us$ = ! poor] p--,! v5]ation ( mummies by ! ,egyptians--,trade 9 mummies = use 9 m$ic9e--,fictiti\s mummies--,h[ to tell g5u9e mummy--,! dose & m$ic9al prop]ties--,! price 9 #afhe--,v>ieties ( mummies us$ 9 m$ic9e--,process = prep>+ artificial mummy--,me?ods ( adm9i/ration--,human fat & its m$ic9al prop]ties--,human skulls & _! value--,human bones & o!r animal sub/ances z rem$ial ag5ts--,! ,unicorn--,its appe>ance describ$--,prop]ties attribut$ to ! horn--,:]e ! horn 0 obta9$--,! value ( ! horn--,a horn pres5t$ to ,k+ ,*>les ,i4--,virtues attribut$ to x pages #aff-agd ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,society ,,( ,,apo!c>ies--,,apo!c>ies ,,& ,,_! ,,practice--,,apo!c>ies ,,& ,,_! ,,bills--,,curi\s ,,rem$ies--,a ,,drug ,,price ,,li/ ,,( #afhe4 ,e>lie/ record ( an apo!c>y 9 ,engl&--,p[]s grant$ to ! ,college ( ,physicians--,f\ndation ( ! ,society ( ,apo!c>ies--,ni*olas ,culpepp]--,hi/ory ( ! ,society--,*>t] grant$--,! fir/ hall & c\ncil h\se--,exam9ations f\nd necess>y--,! apo!c>ies & ! druggi/s--,! glass tax--,rules = ! guidance ( apo!c>ies--,! sale ( drugs & poisons re/rict$ 9 ,glasg[--,a cavali]'s exp]i5ce ( apo!c>ies & _! treatm5t--,8 doctor's bill & 8 op9ion on x--,apo!c>ies' bills--,fav\rite me?ods ( adm9i/ration--,animal mat]ia m$ica--,bro? ( vip]--,curi\s rem$ies employ$--,drugs us$ by ! physician to ,k+ ,edw>d ,i4--,physick+ an ambassador--,an apo!c>y's adv]tisem5t--,physicians' fees--,midwife's fee 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury--,anci5t ph>maceutical prep>ations & _! orig9--,m$ival me?od ( improv+ ! complexion--,human blood z a rem$ial ag5t--,celtic recipes--,a rem$y = drunk5ness--,oil ( r$ dog & its prep>ation--,/range recipes--,! 8ev]la/+ pill0--,cleopatra & ! asp--,anci5t me?od ( *ang+ ! col\r ( ! hair--,! aloe ( ,scripture--,ph>macy #bjj ye>s ago--,! cupidity ( ! apo!c>ies--,d5\nc+ ! apo!c>ies--,h]b-wom5 ( ,london--,! price ( bottles 9 #afef--,popul> prep>ations--,a drug price-li/ ( #afhe pages #age-baa ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,ph>macy ,,9 ,,! ,,"t ,,( ,,que5 ,,elizabe?4 ,an apo!c>y's %op 9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe?--,description ( ! int]ior--,! cu/om]s--,apo!c>ies' prescriptions--,apo!c>ies' guilds & _! injunctions z to pray]--,! it9]ant d5ti/--,m$icam5ts us$ 9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe? pages #bab-bbj ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,fam\s ,,empirics ,,& ,,_! ,,no/rums4 ,e>ly me?ods ( introduc+ a no/rum--,! orig9 ( quack m$ic9es--,! ,elixir ( ,life--,! ,collyrium ( ,dan>es--,sympa!tic ,p[d]--,h(fman's ,wat] ( ,magnanimity--,dut* ,drops--,eau ,mdic9ale de ,husson--,dr4 ,james' fev] p[d]--,c\nt ,/4 ,g]ma9's tea--,caglio/ro's ,balm ( ,life--,h[ ! ,c\nt 0 conf\nd$--,c\nt ,?n ( ,leipzig--,dr4 ,brodum & 8 8,n]v\s ,cordial0--,dr4 ,solomon & 8 8,balm ( ,gilead0--,h[ 8! doctor0 0 puni%$--,p]k9's ,tractors--,an old ballad pages #bba-bbh ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,antiquity ,,& ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,mort>4 ,! orig9 ( ! mort>--,d]ivation ( ! "n--,primitive mort>s--,gra9 cru%]s--,egyptian mort>s--,antiquity ( ! mort> 9 ,africa--,a ,c+alese mort>--,roman mort>ia--,manufactories ( mort>ia 9 ,brita9--,/one mort>s--,wood5 qu]ns--,orig9 ( ! pe/le & mort> z a trade sign--,iron mort>s--,bell-metal mort>s--,brass mort>s--,copp] mort>s--,m>ble mort>s--,mod]n mort>s pages #bbi-bcg ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,al*emy ,,& ,,ph>macy ,,9 ,,lit]ature4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,pages ,*auc] #bci-beb ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,%akespe>e #bec-bgg ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,sp5s] #bgh-bhb ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,goe! #bhc-bia ,,*apt] ,v4 ,le ,sage #bib-bii ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,b54 ,jonson #cjj-cjb ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,sir ,walt] ,scott #cjc-cje ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,dumas #cjf-caa ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,reade #cab-cba ,,*apt] ,x4 ,dick5s1 ,?ack]ay #cbb-cbh ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,m>ryat #cbi-cce ,,al*emy ,,& ,,ph>macy3 ,,_! ,,my/]y ,,& ,,romance4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,dawn ,,( ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,heal+4 ,! bir? ( ! art ( heal+ goes back to a p]iod ( great antiquity4 ,! in/9ct t fir/ l$ man to utilise ! fruits ( ! e>? = 8 bodily su/5ance1 may p]*ance h sugge/$ ! h]bs :i* grew ar\nd him z a means ( alleviat+ ! ills ( 8 fle%4 ,x is a matt] ( d\bt :e!r m$ic9e z an art 0 fir/ practis$ 9 ,egypt or ,*9a2 f rec5t rese>* probably ! =m]1 z at ! "t ( ! writ+ ( ! ,eb]s ,papyrus1 ,b4,c4 #aeej1 ! ,egyptians _h a consid]able k ( ! use ( h]bs & o!r bodies = m$ic9al purposes4 ,! art ( m$ic9e _h two f\ndations--empiricism & sup]/ition--:i* h influ5c$ x f its bir? d[n to ! pres5t "t4 ,! mo/ anci5t record ( m$ic9e & ph>macy kn[n 0 discov]$ at ,kahun 9 #ahhi1 ne> ! pyramid ( ,illahun 9 ! ru9s ( an anci5t t[n1 :i* _h app>5tly be5 inhabit$ by ! build]s ( ! pyramid4 ,x dates f ! twelf? dyna/y1 ,b4,c4 #bgjj to #bejj1 m ?an a ?\s& ye>s be=e ! ,exodus4 ,besides conta9+ in/ructions = midwives1 x includes num]\s =mul = ! treatm5t ( v>i\s compla9ts1 compos$ ( su* v homely articles z be]1 c['s milk1 honey1 oil1 onions1 h]bs1 dates1 & o!r fruits4 ,! ,eb]s ,papyrus1 :i* 0 f\nd repos+ betwe5 ! legs ( a mummy1 ?r[s a light on anci5t ,egyptian ph>macy1 & 0 writt5 9 ! reign ( ,k+ ,am5hotep ,i41 ( ! eighte5? dyna/y4 ,x comm5ces z foll[s3 8,beg9n+ ( ! *apt] ( apply+ m$icam5ts to e "p ( ! pati5t4 8,i h come =? f ,heliopolis ) ! mighty ones ( ! ,temple ( ! ,sun1 ! wield]s ( protection1 ! pr9ces ( et]nity4 8,rescu+ 787 ,i h come =? f ,sais ) ! ,mo!rs ( ! ,gods1 :o h giv5 me _! protection4 8,i h magic =mul made by ! ,univ]sal ,"l to drive out ! /roke ( god & goddess1 ! ,male ,dea? & ,female ,dea?1 et cet]a1#a t is 9 ?is my head1 9 ?is my neck1 9 ?is my %\ld]1 9 ?is my fle%1 9 ^! my limbs1 to puni% ! above-nam$ en*ant]s 787 :o introduce di/urbance into ?is my fle%40 #a ,etc4 is probably a direction ad lib4 = ! doctor speak+ ! =mul4 ,su* =mul1 evid5tly = recitation dur+ ! treatm5t1 cont9ue = a page & a half4 ,! book has ?us no g5]al title1 b plunges at once into ! my/]ies ( ! pr(ession4 8,beg9n+ ( ! my/]y ( ! physician :o kn[s ! motion ( ! he>t4 ,!re are vessels 9 x to e limb4 ,:5 any physician1 doctor1 or amulet-mak] puts 8 f+]s ^u ! top ( ! head1 ^u ! occiput1 ^u ! h&s1 ^u ! *e/1 ^u ! arms1 ^u ! legs1 he communicates 787 ) ! he>t1 = its vessels ext5d to e limb1 :]e=e x is call$ ! />t+-po9t ( e limb40 ,! foll[+ may be tak5 z an example ( ! recipes giv5 9 ! manuscript3-- 8,a rem$y = ! belly t is pa9ful3 ,cumm9 #afd h91 goose-grease #ah h91 milk #aaf hekt2 cool1 /ra91 & dr9k04 ,! h9 is ab\t #bi cubic in*es1 & ! #aaf hekt #ah cubic in*es2 ! prescription is ?us r\ndly #ab cubic in* ( cumm91 & #d ( goose fat1 9 half a p9t ( milk4 ,?is papyrus conta9s #aaj pages1 ea* page consi/+ ( ab\t tw5ty-two l9es ( bold ,hi]atic writ+4 ,x may be describ$ z an encyclopdia ( m$ic9e z kn[n & practis$ by ! ,egyptians ( ! eighte5? dyna/y1 & x conta9s prescriptions ( all k9ds ( diseases--"s borr[$ f ,syrian m$ical lore1 & "s ( su* great antiquity t !y are ascrib$ to ! my?ological ages1 :5 ! gods yet reign$ p]sonally on e>?4 ,among o!rs is giv5 ! recipe = an application :]eby ,osiris cur$ ,ra ( a heada*e4 ,9 ?is papyrus is an example ( an old ,egyptian diagnosis & !rapeutics1 z foll[s3 8,:5 ?\ f9de/ any "o ) a h>dness 9 8 re-hit 7pit ( ! /oma*71 & :51 aft] eat+1 he feels a pressure on 8 inte/9es1 8 hit is swoll5 & he feels bad 9 walk+ l "o :o suff]s f heat 9 8 back1 !n obs]ve him :5 he lies /ret*$ out1 & if ?\ f9de/ 8 inte/9es hot & a h>dness 9 8 re-hit1 say unto ?yself1 ,?is is a disease ( ! liv]4 ,!n prep>e = ?yself accord+ to ! secrets ( ! sci5ce f ! plant pa-*e-te/ & dates1 mix !m1 & give 9 wat]40 ,x also conta9s num]\s recipes = ! treatm5t ( diseases1 = int]nal & ext]nal use4 ,mo/ ( ! drugs m5tion$ are d]iv$ f indig5\s plants1 & su* *emical bodies z alum1 salt1 nitre1 & sulphate ( copp] are includ$ 9 "s ( ! prescriptions4 ,x seems probable t mo/ ( ! m$ic9es us$ 9 ^! e>ly times 7 fir/ tri$ z foods2 & ^? :i* :5 tak5 9 l>ge quantities or 9 special conditions influ5c$ ! functions ( ! body1 ^! & o!rs f\nd to be too /rong = dietetic use 7 relegat$ to ! books ( m$ic9e4 ,z an in/ance ( ?is1 ! leaves & se$s ( ! ca/or oil plant & ! a/r+5t sycamore fig are includ$ 9 _m recipes1 b ,masp]o /ates t !re is little d\bt t ca/or oil 0 tak5 regul>ly 9 food 9 ! "t ( ! ,ph>aohs1 & at ! pres5t "t x is a fav\rite adjunct to ! salads ( ! ,egyptian fellahe54 ,! same writ] ?9ks ! ,egyptians began by eat+ e k9d ( food :i* ! c\ntry produc$1 & s became acqua9t$ ) _! !rapeutic prop]ties4 ,9 ano!r papyrus said to h be5 writt5 ab\t ! "t ( ,k+ ,*ata ( ! fir/ dyna/y1 :o reign$ ,b4,c4 #djjj1 ! foll[+ prescription = promot+ ! gr[? ( ! hair is giv53-- ,pad ( a dog's foot #a ,fruit ( date palm #a ,ass's ho( #a ,boil toge!r 9 oil4 ,dr4 v4 ,oefele /ates ( ph>macy be=e ! "t ( ,hippocrates1 t al?\gh ! practice ( m$ic9e 0 n sep>at$ f ph>macy among ! ,greeks & ,romans1 !re 0 su* a sep>ation among ! anci5t ,egyptians1 f :om ! di/9ction 0 h&$ d[n to ! ,copts1 & by !m to ! ,arabians2 &1 9 fact1 t ! t]m ph>maci/ is probably ( ,egyptian orig91 be+ d]iv$ f ,ph-ar-maki1 :i* signifies ! prep>ation ( m$ic9e f drugs4 ,! ,egyptian ph>maki :o 7 engag$ 9 t occupation belong$ to ! high] social ranks ( writ]s or academically-educat$ p]sons1 compris+ also ! prie/s1 physicians1 /atesm51 & milit>y comm&]s4 ,! ,jews 7 indebt$ to ,egypt = _! prim>y ideas ( m$ic9e1 b !y ca/ away ! ideas ( demonology & magic :i* cl\d$ :at 0 good 9 ! practice ( ,egypt4 ,! ,talmud recomm5ds onions = worms1 & w9e1 pepp]1 & asaftida = flatul5cy4 ,! ,talmudi/s are responsible = call+ ! e>?1 air1 fire1 & wat] elem5t>y bodies4 ,9 ! middle ages ! ,jews r5d]$ s]vice to ! heal+ art1 & _h a l>ge %>e 9 ! sci5tific "w connect$ ) ! ,arab dom9ation ( ,spa94 ,9 ,*9a ! use ( drugs goes back to a v remote age1 & al*emy 0 practis$ by ! ,*9ese long previ\s to its be+ kn[n 9 ,europe4 ,= two c5turies prior to ! ,*ri/ian era1 & = f\r or m subsequ5t1 ! transmutation ( ! base metals into gold1 & ! composition ( ! elixir ( immortality1 7 que/ions ard5tly /udi$ by ! ,*9ese4 ,x is1 moreov]1 a matt] ( hi/ory t int]c\rse betwe5 ,*9a & ,p]sia 0 frequ5t bo? be=e & aft] ! ,mahom$an conque/ ( ! latt] c\ntry2 t embassies f ,p]sia z well z f ! ,arabs1 & ev5 f ! ,greeks 9 ,con/ant9ople1 visit$ ! c\rt ( ! ,*9ese emp]or 9 ,%ansi2 t ,arab trad]s settl$ 9 ,*9a1 & t !re 0 frequ5t int]c\rse by sea betwe5 ,*9a & ! ,p]sian ,gulf2 & la/ly1 t ,*9a _h an ext5sive al*emical lit]ature ant]ior to ! p]iod :5 al*emy 0 /udi$ 9 ! ,we/4 ,all ^! facts g to prove t ! anci5t sci5ce kn[n z al*emy 0 orig9at$ by ! ,*9ese1 & n by ! disciples ( ,mahom$1 :o only acquir$ ! k at second h&4#b #b ,hanbury's ,notes on ,*9ese ,mat]ia ,m$ica4 ,x is some:at curi\s t :ile ! al*emi/s ( ! ,we/ 7 always 9 d\bt z to :at con/itut$ ! true ,philosoph]'s ,/one1 ! ,*9ese seem+ly _h no d\bt z to its id5tity4 ,c9nab> 0 reg>d$ by ! e>ly al*emi/s & philosoph]s ( t nation z ! wond]ful body :i* 0 suppos$ to h ! my/]i\s p[] ( conv]t+ o!r metals into gold1 & :5 us$ z a m$ic9e w\ld prolong life = an indef9ite p]iod4 ,ko-hung1 au?or ( ! ,pau-p'uh-tsi p'ian1 a "w ( ! f\r? c5tury1 & und\bt$ly g5u9e1 gives v>i\s m9]al & vegetable productions possess+ 9 diff]5t degrees ! prop]ties ( an elixir vit4 ,9 "o p>agraph ( ?is "w he /ates3 8,:5 vegetable matt] is burnt x is de/roy$1 b :5 ! ,ian-%a 7,c9nab>7 is subject$ to heat x produces m]cury4 ,aft] pass+ ?r\gh o!r *anges x returns to its orig9al =m4 ,x diff]s widely1 !re=e1 f vegetable sub/ances1 & h5ce x has ! p[] ( mak+ m5 live = ev] & rais+ !m to ! rank ( ! g5ii4 ,he :o kn[s ! doctr9e1 is he n f> above common m51 etc480 ,9 mat]ia m$ica ! k ( ! ,*9ese 0 mu* 9 advance ( ! nations ( ! ,we/1 & _! great h]bal1 entitl$ ,pun-,isaun-,kang-,mh1 writt5 by ,le-%e-*9 9 ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 %[s ! disc]nm5t possess$ by ^! curi\s p4 ,?is "w consi/s ( =ty ?9 octavo volumes1 ! fir/ ?ree ( :i* conta9 woodcuts ( _m ( ! m9]als1 plants1 & animals ref]r$ to 9 ! text4 ,! woodcuts alone numb] #aajj1 & ! "w itself is divid$ into fifty-two divisions4 ,! antiquity ( ! practice ( m$ic9e among ! ,*9ese may be ga!r$ f ! fact t !re exi/s a "w entitl$ ,a ,treatise f ! ,he>t on ! ,small-pox1 :i* 0 writt5 dur+ ! dyna/y ( ,i*eon1 ,b4,c4 #aabb4 ,9 ?is "w ! eruption is describ$1 & "s k9d ( inoculation is also ref]r$ to z a rem$y4 ,b x is to ,greece t we h to look = ! bir? ( m$ical art 9 ! ,we/1 its practice by ! prie/s be+ ( great antiquity4 ,! e>lie/ record ( a temple ( m$ic9e is ( "o erect$ 9 ! ,peloponnesus 9 ! ye> ,b4,c4 #aacj1 or ab\t fifty ye>s aft] ! fall ( ,troy4 ,o!r temples or c5tres ( ! heal+ art gradually sprang up1 & r\nd ea* ( ^? clu/]$ a little s*ool ( /ud5ts4 ,!re 7 ! temple ( ,heal? at ,p]gamus1 ! temple ( ,hygeia at ,cytea1 & ! temples ( sculapius at ,cos & ,epidamus1 :]e ! fam\s /atue ( sculapius /ood4 ,! fa!r ( anci5t m$ic9e1 ,hippocrates1 graduat$ z a /ud5t ( ,cos1 & ,gal5 is said to h be5 at ,epidamus4 ,x 0 9 ! temple ( sculapius at ,greece t any record ( m$ic9e 0 fir/ kept1 ! names ( diseases & _! cures be+ regi/]$ on tablets ( m>ble4 ,! prie/s & prie/esses1 :o 7 ! gu>dians ( ! temple1 prep>$ ! rem$ies & direct$ _! application1 & ?us comm5c$ ! practice ( physic z a regul> pr(ession4 ,^! (ficial p]sons 7 ambiti\s to pass z ! legitimate desc5dants ( sculapius1 & !re=e assum$ ! title ( ! ,asclepiades4 ,! writ+s ( ,pausanius1 ,plut>*1 & o!rs ab\nd ) acc\nts ( ! artifices ( ^! e>ly practition]s4 ,ari/ophanes m5tions ! dext]ity & promptitude ) :i* !y collect$ & put into _! bags ! (f]+s on ! alt>4 ,! pati5ts 7 wont to repose on ! sk9s ( sacrific$ rams 9 ord] to procure cele/ial visions4 ,z soon z !y 7 suppos$ to be asleep1 a prie/1 clo!d 9 ! dress ( sculapius1 imitat+ 8 mann]1 & accompani$ by ! daught]s ( ! god 7t is1 by "y actresses well up 9 _! p>ts71 ent]$ & solemnly deliv]$ a m$ical op9ion4 ,! /ud5t sat at ! feet ( ! philosoph] ( 8 *oice1 & aft] a c]ta9 p]iod & c\rse ( probation1 0 grant$ ! rights ( prie/ & physician to practise z a tea*] & heal]4 ,!y _h _! code & e?ics ( a /&>d almo/ equal to ^? ( to-day1 & _! k ( surg]y1 & ! use ( ! h]bs & plants :i* grew ar\nd !m1 0 n a little4 ,ent]+ on _! novitiate at _! *os5 temple or s*ool1 !y 7 requir$ to make a prote/ation or oa?1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is ! "o made by ,hippocrates3-- 8,i1 ,hippocrates1 d n[ promise & prote/ to ! great god ,apollo & 8 two daught]s ,hygeia & ,panadie1 & also to all ! gods & goddesses1 to obs]ve ! cont5ts ( ?is oa? or tables :]e9 ! oa? is c>v$1 writt51 or engrav$1 s f> z ,i c possibly1 & s f> z my wit or und]/&+ %all be able to direct me1 viz41 ,i yield myself tribut>y & debtor to ! ma/] & doctor1 :o ha? in/ruct$ me & %[$ me ?is sci5ce & doctr9e1 ev5 z mu* or r m ?an to my fa!r :o ha? begott5 me1 & t ,i %all live & communicate ) him1 & foll[ him 9 all necessities :i* ,i %all "k him to h1 s f> z my p[] %all p]mit & my goods ext5d4 ,also t ,i %all love & *]i% 8 *ildr5 z my bro!r's1 & 8 prog5y z my own4 ,fur!r1 t ,i %all tea*1 %[ & demon/rate ! said sci5ce )\t rew>d or cov5ant1 & t ,i %all give all ! canons1 rules & precepts freely1 truly & fai?fully to my ma/]1 8 *ildr5 z to my own1 )\t hid+ or unact+ any?+1 & to all o!r s*ol>s :o %all make ! same oa? or prote/ation1 & to no o!rs4 ,also t 9 practis+ & us+ my sci5ce t[>ds ! sick1 ,i %all use only ?+s necess>y1 s f> z ,i am able1 & z my _s & good und]/&+ %all give unto me1 & t ,i %all cure ! sick z spe$ily z ,i may )\t dilat+ or prolong+ ! malady1 & t ,i %all n d any?+ aga9/ equity = hatr$1 ang]1 envy or malice to any p]son :atsoev]4 ,moreov]1 t ,i %all m9i/] no poison1 nei!r c\nsel nor tea* poison1 nor ! compos+ !re( to any4 ,also t ,i %all n give nor cause to be giv51 nor cont5d t any?+ be appli$ to a woman bre$+1 to de/roy & make h] void h] fruit4 ,b ,i %all prote/ to keep my life & sci5ce purely1 s9c]ely & inviolably1 )\t deceit1 fraud or guile4 ,& t ,i %all n cut or incise any p]son hav+ ! /one1 b %all leave ! same to ^? :o are exp]t 9 x4 ,&1 fur!rmore1 t ,i %all n ent] into ! pati5t's h\se le/ ) purpose to heal him1 & t ,i %all pati5tly su/a9 ! injuries1 reproa*es1 & loa?som5ess ( sick m5 & o!r base rail+s1 & t ,i %all es*ew1 z f> z ,i may1 all v5]e\s lascivi\sness4 ,moreov]1 ,i prote/1 be x man1 woman1 or s]vant :o is my pati5t1 to cure !m ( all ?+s1 t ,i may see or he> ei!r 9 m9d or mann]1 & ,i %all n betray t :i* %\ld be conceal$ or hidd51 b keep inviolable ) sil5ce2 nei!r reveal any creature "u pa9 ( dea?4 ,& !re=e ,i besee* our gods t obs]v+ ?is prote/ation1 promise1 & v[ entirely & inviolably1 all ?+s 9 my life1 9 my art1 & sci5ce1 may succe$ securely1 heal?fully1 & prosp]\sly to me1 & 9 ! end et]nal glory4 8,& to him t %all violate1 transgress1 or become p]jur$1 t ! contr>y may happ5 unto him1 viz41 mis]y1 calamities1 & cont9ual maladies40 ,we h "h pr9ciples laid d[n :i* w\ld d hon\r to any m$ical body1 & :i* %[ ! highly civilis$ condition & ! excell5t moral tea*+ ( ! e>ly ,greek philosoph]s & prie/s4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,wiz>ds ,,( ,,e>ly ,,greece4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ magicians or soo?say]s ( :i* we h record out ( ! era ( my?ology 0 ,tiresias4 ,he liv$ 9 ! times ( dipus & ! w> ( ! sev5 *iefs aga9/ ,!bes4 ,= hav+ (f5d$ ! gods he 0 visit$ ) bl9dness1 b be+ rep5tant1 tradition /ates !y recomp5s$ him = ?is affliction by end[+ him ) ! gift ( prophecy & ! act ( div9ation4 ,he is also said to h be5 able to hold communion ) ! fea!r$ _w1 & to h p[] ov] ! spirits ( ! dead1 :om he c\ld compel to appe> & reply to 8 inquiries4 ,8 incantations & spells 7 suppos$ to be irresi/ible1 & he c\ld =etell future ev5ts by signs f fire1 smoke1 & o!r me?ods ( div9+4 ,ab>is1 a native ( ,scy?ia1 0 ano!r magician ( r5[n4 ,!re is no exact record ( ! "t 9 :i* he liv$1 b he is repres5t$ by "s z hav+ con/ruct$ ! ,palladium :i* protect$ ,troy f its enemies = a long "t4 ,o!r au?ors decl>e he 0 a fri5d ( ,py?agoras1 :o fl\ri%$ "s #fjj ye>s lat]4 ,accord+ to ,h]odotus1 he travell$ ov] ! _w ) an arr[1 eat+ no?+ dur+ 8 j\rney4 ,by o!rs x is said ! arr[ 0 pres5t$ to him by ,apollo1 & t ^u x he rode ?r\gh ! air1 & travell$ ov] l&s1 seas1 m\nta9s1 & o!r inaccessible places4 ,b f all acc\nts 8 repute z a magician & se] is confirm$4 ,he is said to h =etold e>?quakes1 allay$ /orms & pe/il5ce1 cur$ disease by *>ms & incantations1 & 0 g5]ally rev]$ = 8 p[] & comm& ov] ! dwell]s 9 ! unse5 _w4 ,py?agoras1 "o ( ! mo/ notable magicians 9 e>ly hi/ory1 0 born ab\t ! ye> ,b4,c4 #ehf1 & liv$ dur+ ! "t ( ,cyrus & ,d>ius ,hy/aspes1 ( ,crsus1 ( ,pisi/ratus1 ( ,polycrates1 & ,amasis ,k+ ( ,egypt4 ,he 0 r5[n$ n only z a philosoph] b z a lead] & politician1 & 0 le>n$ 9 all bran*es ( sci5ce !n kn[n4 ,! e>ly "p ( 8 life 0 sp5t 9 ,egypt1 b he also travell$ 9 ord] to ga!r exp]i5ce & k until he rea*$ ! age ( =ty ye>s4 ,aft]w>ds he f\nd$ a s*ool1 :]e he lectur$ & in/ruct$ a l>ge numb] ( foll[]s :o 7 attract$ by 8 wisdom & le>n+4 ,he divid$ 8 pupils into two classes3 ! neophytes1 to :om 7 expla9$ ! elem5t>y & g5]al pr9ciples ( 8 philosophy1 :ile ! advanc$ 7 admitt$ into 8 entire confid5ce & =m$ a bro!rhood1 :o ?rew _! prop]ty into a common /ock & liv$ toge!r4 ,dur+ ! latt] "p ( 8 life he is said to h liv$ 9 ,magna ,grcia1 :]e he c>ri$ on 8 /udies & made "s ( 8 great discov]ies4 ,he 0 a pr(\nd geometrician1 & two great !orems1 "o /ill kn[n z ! ,py?agorean1 are ascrib$ to him4 ,he prop\nd$ ! doctr9e t ! e>? is a planet ( sph]ical =m1 & ! sun ! c5tre ( ! planet>y sy/em4 ,8 philosophy prescrib$ & taught a total ab/95ce f ev]y?+ :i* _h animal life1 & temp]ance 9 all ?+s1 toge!r ) ! subjection ( ! appetites ( ! body4 ,by ?is /rict discipl9e1 he seems to h obta9$ almo/ complete control ov] ! wills & m9ds ( 8 foll[]s1 f :om he dem&$ ! utmo/ docility4 ,prep>atory to ent]+ on 8 novitiate1 ! pupil 0 /rictly exam9$ by ! ma/] z to 8 pr9ciples1 habits1 & int5tions4 ,! tone ( 8 voice1 8 mann] ( speak+1 8 walk1 ge/ures1 & ! l9es ( 8 face & ! expression ( 8 eyes1 7 all c>efully obs]v$1 & only if all ^! features 7 satisfactory 0 he admitt$ z a probation]4 ,aft] ?is int]view ! ma/] )drew f ! sight ( ! pupil1 :o c\ld !n ent] on 8 novitiate ( ?ree & five1 9 all eight ye>s1 dur+ :i* "t he 0 n p]mitt$ to look on ! ma/]1 b only he> him speak f beh9d a curta91 & he 0 enjo9$ to pres]ve ! /ricte/ sil5ce4 ,to add to 8 my/]y & au?ority1 ,py?agoras is said to h hid himself dur+ ! day f 8 pupils1 & 0 only visible to !m aft] ! night _h come on4 ,he is describ$ z hav+ a mo/ impos+ & maje/ic appe>ance1 ) a grave & awe-inspir+ c\nt5ance4 ,:5 he came =? he appe>$ 9 a long g>m5t ( ! pure/ :ite1 ) 8 long be>d fl[+1 & a g>l& ^u 8 head4 ,he all[$ 8 foll[]s to believe he 0 "o ( ! gods1 & he is said to h told ,ab>is t he resum$ human =m s t he might w9 ! confid5ce ( man4 ,d\btless1 ow+ to 8 great atta9m5ts & 8 sup]iority to ! m5 ( 8 "t1 he consid]$ himself m div9e ?an human1 & he claim$ to h miracul\s end[m5ts4 ,^? :o 7 n ( 8 foll[]s ascrib$ ! /ories relat$ ( him to magic1 :i* probably1 l o!r philosoph]s1 he /udi$4 ,among o!r /ories :i* tradition has h&$ d[n conc]n+ ,py?agoras are ! foll[+3 ,he pr(ess$ to h appe>$ 9 diff]5t ages 9 v>i\s human =ms--fir/ z ?alides1 ! son ( ,m]cury1 & !n z ,euphorbu1 :o slew ,patroclus at ! siege ( ,troy1 & z o!r individuals also4 ,he is said to h tam$ a be> by :isp]+ 9 its e>1 & prevail$ on x to fe$ on vegetables alone4 ,he call$ also an eagle d[n f its flight1 caus+ x to sit on 8 h& z if q tame4 ,:5 ,ab>is address$ him z "o ( ! heav5ly ho/1 he conv9c$ him t he 0 inde$ a cele/ial be+ by %[+ him 8 ?igh ( gold1 :i* also he exhibit$ to sceptical pupils4 ,at ano!r p]iod he abs5t$ himself f 8 associates 9 ,italy = a ye>3 :5 he re-appe>$ he /at$ he _h be5 soj\rn+ 9 ! inf]nal regions1 & gave !m wond]ful descriptions ( ! /range ?+s he _h se5 !re4 ,^! & _m o!r fabul\s /ories are relat$ ( ?is s+ul> man1 :i* prove him to h be5 z wily z he 0 wise4 ,"o curi\s rule by :i* he b\nd 8 pupils is wor? m5tion+4 ,at ! end ( _! novitiate1 if x 0 discov]$ t _! intellectual faculties 7 too weak to grapple ) ! intricacies ( 8 !ories & problems1 !y 7 expell$ ! community2 ! d\ble ( ! prop]ty !y _h contribut$ to ! common /ock 0 refund$ to !m2 a monum5t inscrib$ ) _! names 0 plac$ 9 ! meet+-place ( ! community1 & !y 7 consid]$ z dead by ! bro!rhood4 ,x is easy to imag9e ) :at feel+s ^! measures w\ld be reg>d$ by "s :o 7 call$ to submit to !m1 & s !y ev5tually prov$ ! cause ( ! break-up ( ! ,py?agorean s*ool4 ,cylon1 a man ( great weal? ( ,crotona1 conceiv$ a great p>tiality = ,py?agoras1 & became a novice ) ,p]ialus1 & submitt$ to all ! sev]ities ( ! s*ool4 ,!y pass$ ?r\gh ! ?ree ye>s ( probation & five ye>s ( sil5ce1 & 7 receiv$ into ! famili>ity ( ! ma/]4 ,b aft] !y _h deliv]$ _! weal? into ! common /ock1 ,py?agoras pron\nc$ !m to be defici5t 9 intellectual p[]1 or = "s o!r reason mo/ probably !y 7 expell$4 ,a tablet inscrib$ ) _! names 0 set up1 & !y 7 pron\nc$ dead to ! s*ool4 ,cylon1 :o 0 a man ( excitable & viol5t temp]am5t1 became highly inc5s$ at ?is treatm5t1 & resolv$ on v5geance4 ,collect+ a b& ( foll[]s1 :i* probably includ$ a l>ge numb] ( reject$ /ud5ts1 !y surr\nd$ ! s*ool ( ! ma/] & set x on fire4 ,=ty p are said to h p]i%$ 9 ! flames1 b ,py?agoras ) two ( 8 pupils escap$ to ,metapontum1 :]e he took refuge 9 ! ,temple ( ! ,muses4 ,! /rife fom5t$ by ,cylon broke out afre%1 & he 0 closely besieg$ 9 ! temple by 8 enemies4 ,! riot+ cont9u$1 & z no provisions c\ld be convey$ to him1 he f9ally p]i%$ ) hung]1 accord+ to ,la]tius1 aft] =ty days' ab/95ce4 ,?us end$ ,py?agoras1 a man ( und\bt$ g5ius1 & 9 k mu* 9 advance ( 8 "t4 ,al?\gh 8 tea*+s 7 mix$ up ) consid]able artifice & deception1 he ranks1 z "o ( ! greate/ ( ! ,greek philosoph]s4 ,epim5ides 0 a native ( ,crete1 & probably liv$ be=e ! "t ( ,py?agoras4 ,he 0 cr$it$ ) m>vell\s p]=mances f a v e>ly age1 & is said :5 q a lad to h retir$ to a cave & slept = fifty-sev5 ye>s4 ,he !n return$ to 8 fa!r's h\se1 :i* he f\nd 9 ! possession ( a new t5ant1 & ! family disappe>$4 ,at l5g? he came across 8 bro!r1 :o _h gr[n into an old man1 :o aft] "s "t ackn[l$g$ him4 ,on ?is /ory becom+ kn[n1 he 0 acc\nt$ a fav\rite ( ! gods1 & he pr(ess$ to be end[$ ) sup]natural gifts4 ,he made x kn[n t he 0 suppli$ ) food by ! nymphs1 & t he 0 exempt f ! usual necessities impos$ on ! body by ,nature4 ,he boa/$ t he c\ld sep>ate 8 s\l f 8 body & recall x z he ?\ght fit4 ,he pr(ess$ to h deal+s ) ! unse5 _w1 & w\ld exorcise evil spirits or "w spells4 ,he _h great r5[n z a se]1 & 8 prophecies 7 reg>d$ z direct messages f ! gods4 ,b ! great act ( 8 life 0 8 deliv]y ( ,a!ns f a great pe/il5ce aft] ! rebellion ( ,cylon4 ,! plague1 :i* _h almo/ decimat$ ! city1 c\ld n be /opp$1 & ! ,a!nian ,s5ate1 aft] mu* delib]ation1 resolv$ to s5d = ,epim5ides1 :o 0 at t "t 9 ,crete4 ,a special vessel 0 plac$ "u ! comm& ( "o ( ! fir/ citiz5s ( ! ,/ate1 :o 0 commission$ to br+ ! wise magician4 ,on 8 arrival at ,a!ns he at once set to "w ) solemn rites & c]emonials4 ,he comm&$ t a numb] ( black & :ite %eep %\ld be l$ to ! ,areopagus1 !n be let loose & all[$ to w&] :i!r !y wi%$4 ,c]ta9 p]sons 7 in/ruct$ to foll[ !m & m>k ! spot :]e !y lay d[n1 on :i* place ! animal 0 sacrific$ to ! local deity4 ,9 ?is mann]1 x is record$1 ! plague 0 /ay$4 ,accord+ to "s writ]s he also sacrific$ human victims4 ,al?\gh press$ by ! ,a!nian ,s5ate to take a recomp5se = 8 s]vices1 ,epim5ides is said to h refus$ all gifts1 /ipulat+ only t !re %\ld be p]petual peace betwe5 ! ,a!nians & ! p ( ,gnossus1 8 native city4 ,he di$ %ortly aft]w>ds1 at ! reput$ age ( #aeg ye>s4 ,emp$ocles 0 a di/+ui%$ magician1 orator1 & poet1 & 0 born 9 ,agrig5tum1 ,sicily4 ,he 0 a foll[] ( ,py?agoras1 & probably receiv$ in/ruction f 8 successors4 ,he 0 cr$it$ ) miracul\s p[]s1 & to h be5 able to re/ore ! dead to life4 ,he 0 skill$ 9 m$ic9e & ! use ( h]bs1 & 0 inde$ a g5]al b5efactor to ! citiz5s ( 8 native place1 :]e he 0 almo/ wor%ipp$ z a god4 ,l o!r philosoph]s ( 8 "t1 he 0 inord9ately va91 b 0 und\bt$ly a man ( great intellig5ce1 & conf]r$ imm5se b5efits on 8 fell[-creatures4 ,8 belief 9 ! p[] ( magic is %[n 9 ! foll[+ words he 0 wont to address to 8 /ud5ts3 8,by my in/ructions y %all le>n m$ic9es t are p[]ful to cure disease & reanimate old age2 y %all be able to calm ! savage w9ds :i* lay wa/e ! lab\rs ( all ! husb&m51 &1 :5 y w1 %all s5d =? ! tempe/ aga92 y %all cause ! skies to be fair & s]5e2 or1 once m1 %all draw d[n refre%+ %[]s1 reanimat+ ! fruits ( ! e>?2 nay1 y %all recall ! /r5g? ( ! dead man :5 he has already become ! victim ( ,pluto04 ,( himself he said3 8,i mix ) y a god1 no long] a mortal1 & am ev]y:]e hon\r$ by y1 z is j2 cr[n$ ) fillets & fragrant g>l&s1 adorn$ ) :i*1 :5 ,i visit popul\s cities1 ,i am rev]$ by bo? m5 & wom51 :o foll[ me by t5 ?\s&s1 inquir+ ! road to b\ndless weal?1 seek+ ! gift ( prophecy & :o w\ld le>n ! m>vell\s skill to cure all k9ds ( diseases04 ,( o!r wiz>ds ( e>ly ,greece1 ,h]odotus m5tions ,ari/ras1 a poet ( ,proconnesus1 :o is said to h my/]i\sly disappe>$ f ! e>? = #cdj ye>s1 & !n appe>$ aga9 at ,metapontum & comm&$ ! citiz5s to erect a /atue to him4 ,also ,h]motimus1 :o 0 reput$ to h ! p[] ( sep>at+ 8 s\l f 8 body at w4 ,b little is kn[n beyond ! m]e/ tradition ( ^! wor?ies4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,wiz>ds ,,( ,,! ,,roman ,,empire4 ,! ,roman philosoph]s1 l ! ,greeks1 claim$ to possess occult p[]s1 & ! practition]s ( magic & sorc]y 7 num]\s dur+ ! "t ( ! ,empire4 ,we h a graphic description ( ! incantations ( a ,roman sorc]ess 9 ! /ory ( ,dido4 ,des]t$ by neas1 %e resolves on self-de/ruction4 ,to delude h] si/] z to h] secret purpose %e s5ds = a prie/ess f ! g>d5s ( ! ,hesp]ides1 pret5d+ t h] object is to effect ! return ( h] lov] by means ( c]ta9 magical incantations4 ,! prie/ess1 :o is inve/$ ) magical p[]s1 c call up ! spirits ( ! dead1 cause ! solid e>? to rock & quake1 & ! trees ( ! =e/ to desc5d f ! m\nta9s4 ,on ! arrival ( ! sorc]ess1 %e comm&s t a fun]al pyre %all be erect$ 9 ! int]ior c\rt ( ! palace1 & t ! arms ( neas1 :at rema9s ( 8 attire1 & ! m>riage b$ 9 :i* ,dido _h receiv$ him1 %all be plac$ ^u x4 ,! pyre is to be hung r\nd ) g>l&s & bran*es ( cypress1 & ! :ole cr[n$ ) a picture ( neas & 8 sword4 ,alt>s 7 plac$ ar\nd1 & ! prie/ess1 ) di%evell$ hair1 cri$ al\d ) t]rible *>ms ^u h] ?ree hundr$ gods1 ^u ,erebus1 ,*aos1 & ! ?ree-fac$ ,hecate4 ,! wat]s ( ,av]nus 7 !n spr9kl$ ab\t1 & c]ta9 magical h]bs t _h be5 cut by moonlight ) a sickle ( brass4 ,! prie/ess _h ) h] ! excresc5ce :i* is f\nd ^u ! =ehead ( a new-ca/ foal1 ( ! size ( a dri$ fig1 a talisman ( great p[]4 ,dido is !n call$ ^u to approa*1 &1 ) h] robe drawn up expos+ "o b>e foot1 %e makes ! circle ( ! alt>s1 embrac+ !m successively1 & breaks ov] ea* a consecrat$ cake4 ,! pyre is lit1 & ! *>m is suppos$ to be complete4 ,b all ! p[] & ! elaborate ritual prescrib$ by ! sorc]ess 7 ( no avail4 neas returns n1 & ! brok5-he>t$ ,dido f9ally /abs h]self & dies4 ,_m prodigies are int]sp]s$ ?r\gh\t ! e>ly hi/ory ( ,rome1 & mo/ ( ! acts ( ^! p 7 surr\nd$ ) a halo ( sup]/ition natural at ! "t1 & d\btless l>gely exagg]at$4 ,virgil1 ,horace1 ,ovid1 & ,lucan all allude to ! belief 9 & ! practice ( sorc]y & magic by ! ,romans4 ,9 ! eigh? eclogue ( ,virgil we h a detail$ description ( a ,roman sorc]ess4 ,%e is introduc$ by ! poet z giv+ directions to h] assi/ant z to ! work+ ( c]ta9 *>ms4 ,h] object 7a common "o app>5tly at t "t7 is to recall ,daphnis1 :om %e calls h] husb&1 to return once m to h] arms4 ,! assi/ant is direct$ to burn v]va9 & frank9c5se1 & ! highe/ efficacy is ascrib$ to a solemn *ant1 :i* is capable ( call+ d[n ! moon f its sph]e or mak+ ! cold-blood$ snake bur/ 9 ! field1 & 0 ! means by :i* ,circe turn$ ! companions ( ,ulysses into bea/s4 ,! image ( ,daphnis is !n ord]$ to be ?rice b\nd r\nd ) fillets ( ?ree col\rs1 ! assi/ant at ! same "t repeat+ ! words1 8,?us ,i b9d ! fillets ( ,v5us10 & !n p>ad$ ab\t a prep>$ alt>4 ,an image ( clay & "o ( wax are plac$ be=e ! same fire2 & z ! image ( clay h>d5s1 s does ! he>t ( ,daphnis h>d5 t[>ds 8 new mi/ress2 & z ! figure ( wax s(t5s1 s is ! he>t ( ! ex-lov] made t5d] t[>ds ! sorc]ess4 ,a sacr$ cake is !n brok5 ov] ! image1 & crackl+ laurels burnt be=e x4 ,%e prays t z ! wanton heif] pursues ! /e] ?r\gh woods & gl5s till at l5g?1 worn out ) fatigue1 %e lies d[n on ! oozy re$s by ! banks ( ! /ream1 & ! night dew w n ev5 drive h] away1 s ,daphnis may be l$ on aft] h] = ev] ) inext+ui%able love4 ,! relics ( 8 belong+s are !n buri$ b5ea? ! ?re%old4 ,%e bruises poison\s h]bs ( resi/less virtue1 :i* _h be5 ga!r$ 9 ! k+dom ( ,pontus1 h]bs :i* enabl$ him :o gave !m to turn himself into a hungry wolf pr[l+ amid/ ! =e/s1 to call up gho/s f ! grave1 & to translate ! rip5$ h>ve/ f ! field :]e x grew to ! l&s ( ano!r4 ,! a%es ( ^! h]bs are ca/ ov] h] head into ! runn+ /ream1 :ile %e mu/ n look beh9d h]4 ,at l5g? ! sorc]ess beg9s to despair & cries1 8,daphnis he$s n my incantations1 he$s n ! gods04 ,%e looks aga91 & p]ceives ! a%es on ! alt> are gl[+ & emitt+ sp>ks ( fire4 ,h] fai?ful h\se dog b>ks be=e ! door4 8,c ^! ?+s be10 %e exclaims1 8or d lov]s dream :at !y desire8 ,x is n s6 ,! real ,daphnis comes2 ,i he> 8 /eps2 he has left ! delud+ t[n2 he ha/5s to my long+ arms60 ,9 ! works ( ,horace an int]e/+ description ( a wit*es' incantation is also giv51 ! details ( :i* x is in/ructive to comp>e ) ^? giv5 by o!r writ]s4 ,f\r sorc]esses are assembl$ 9 conclave1 ! *ief be+ ,canidia1 ) ?ree assi/ants1 9 ord] to "w a *>m by means ( :i* a y\? nam$ ,v>us1 = :om ,canidia _h conceiv$ a passion1 may be compell$ to reciprocate h] affections4 ,canidia1 ) ! locks ( h] di%evell$ hair tw9$ r\nd ) v5om\s & deadly s]p5ts1 ord]s ! wild fig tree & ! fun]al cypress to be root$ up f ! sepul*res on :i* !y grew1 & ^!1 toge!r ) ! egg ( a toad sme>$ ) blood1 ! plumage ( ! scree* owl1 v>i\s h]bs br\ght f ,!ssaly & ,georgia1 & bones torn f ! jaws ( a fami%$ dog1 to be burnt 9 flames f$ ) p]fumes f ,col*is4 ,"o assi/ant1 ^: hair /&s /iff & erect l ! quills ( ! sea-h$gehog or ! bri/les ( a hunt$ bo>1 spr9kles ! gr\nd ) drops f ! ,av]nus1 :ile ano!r1 :o is reput$ to h _h ! faculty ( conjur+ ! />s & moon d[n f heav51 assi/s 9 o!r ways4 ,! f\r? wit* is busy digg+ a hole ) a spade1 9 :i* is to be plung$ up to 8 *9 ! be>dless y\? /ripp$ ( 8 purple robe--! emblem ( 8 noble desc5t--& nak$1 t f 8 m>r[1 already dry1 & 8 liv] 7:5 at l5g? 8 eyeballs1 long fix$ on ! /ill r5ovat$ food :i* is )held f 8 fami%$ jaws1 h no long] ! p[] to disc]n71 may be concret$ ! love potion f :i* ! wit*es promise !mselves ! mo/ wond]ful results4 ,canidia1 unmov$ by 8 suff]+s1 works h]self into a great rage1 & calls ^u ! night & ! morn to help 9 h] infam\s incantation4 ,b h] victim manages to evade de/ruction by means ( "s magical antidote4 ,%e !n resolves to prep>e a /ill m p[]ful *>m1 exclaim+1 8,soon] %all ! sky be swall[$ up 9 ! sea & ! e>? be /ret*$ a cov]+ ov] bo?1 ?an ?\1 my enemy1 %alt n be wrapp$ 9 ! flames ( love z subtle & t5aci\s z ^? ( burn+ pit*04 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,fa!rs ,,( ,,m$ic9e4 ,?\gh sculapius is said to h liv$ s ne> to ! "t ( ! ,trojan w>1 yet ! ,greeks knew v little ab\t him4 ,! sup]/ition ( ! "t gave him a position among ! gods1 & z he 0 ador$ "u ! "* ( ! g5ius ( physic1 x came at la/ to be d\bt$ :e!r he 0 ev] a mortal2 consequ5tly 8 prie/s 7 oblig$ = _! own sakes to make !mselves ma/]s ( all ! physic t ! ma/] c\ld tea*1 t !y might be qualifi$ to give advice to ^? :o appli$ to !m2 _! prescriptions pass$ = ! sugge/ions ( ! gods1 ! cures = ! miracul\s4 ,b bo? diseases & rem$ies 7 c>efully record$4 ,/rabo tells u t f ^! regi/]s 9 ! temple ( sculapius at ,cos1 ,hippocrates =m$ 8 plan = a prop] diet4 ,hippocrates1 ! wise physician & fa!r ( m$ic9e1 0 accord+ to ,soranus ! son ( ,h]aclides & ,phn>etes1 desc5d$ f ,h]cules & sculapius4 ,he 0 a ,coan by bir?1 & 0 fir/ in/ruct$ by 8 fa!r1 & !n by ,h]odicus1 & ,democritus ( ,abdua1 ! philosoph]4 ,he fl\ri%$ at ! "t ( ! ,peloponnesian w>1 & aft] be+ in/ruct$ 9 physic & ! arts1 left 8 own c\ntry = ,!ssaly1 :]e 8 fame soon became kn[n1 ev5 z f> z ,p]sia4 ,he 0 s5t = by ,p]diccs1 ,k+ ( ,mac$onia1 :o 0 !n ?\ght to be consumptive1 b ,hippocrates diagnos$ x to be a disease ( ! m9d1 & soon cur$ ! k+4 ,he is also said to h deliv]$ 8 own c\ntry f a w> ) ! ,a!nians by prevail+ ^u ! ,!ssalians to come to _! assi/ance1 = :i* he receiv$ great hon\rs f ! ,coans4 ,he taught 8 art ) great c&\r & lib]ality to ^? :o 7 desir\s to le>n1 & at l5g? di$ full ( hon\rs1 x is said1 9 8 n9etie? ye>1 & 0 buri$ betwe5 ,gyrton & ,l>issa4 ,a qua9t old tradition /ates t at 8 tomb a sw>m ( bees settl$ & made _! honey = a long "t1 ) :i* *ildr5 tr\bl$ ) aph?as1 ano9t$ by _! nurses at ! grave1 7 easily cur$4 ,he 0 by no means covet\s ( money1 b grave 9 8 behavi\r & a lov] ( ,greece1 z appe>s f 8 cur+ ^? ( t nation ) ! utmo/ dilig5ce1 & free+ _m ( _! cities f ! plague1 = :i* he acquir$ great hon\rs4 ,at fir/ ! art ( heal+ 0 acc\nt$ a bran* ( philosophy1 s t ! cure ( diseases & ! /udy ( nature ow$ _! rise to ! same p]sons4 ,among ! _m philosoph]s skill$ 9 ! art ! mo/ celebrat$ 7 ,py?agoras1 ,emp$ocles1 ,democritus1 & ,hippocrates ( ,cos4 ,aft] !m came ,diodes ! ,c>y/ian1 ,praxagoras1 & ,*rysippus1 ) ,hi]philus & ,erasi/ratus1 _m ( :om practis$ _! art 9 entirely diff]5t ways4 ,at ?is p]iod physic 0 divid$ into ?ree s*ools2 ! fir/ cur$ by diet1 ! second by m$ic9es1 ! ?ird by manual op]ations4 ,^? :o treat$ by dietetic me?ods endeav\r$ to ext5d _! views f>!r ) ! assi/ance ( natural philosophy4 ,!n came ,s]apion1 ! apo/le ( practice & exp]i5ce1 & aft]w>ds ,asclepiades1 :o work$ a revolution 9 m$ical sci5ce z !n practis$4 ,! k ( bo? surg]y & m$ic9e ev5 9 ! "t ( ,celsus is v rem>kable1 & _m ( ! =ms ( adm9i/ration ( m$ic9e are employ$ at ! pres5t day4 ,! enema 0 l>gely us$ by ! anci5ts1 a common "o be+ hydromel1 describ$ by ,dioscorides z be+ made by mix+ two p>ts ( wat] to "o ( honey2 sea-wat] 0 also employ$ = ! same purpose1 & ,celsus recomm5ds ! copi\s dr9k+ ( hot wat] z a laxative rem$y4 ,asclepiades 0 ! orig9ator ( massage & friction1 & 9 8 book ( g5]al rem$ies describes 8 treatm5t1 :i* is simil> to t p]=m$ to-day4 ,p\ltices ( meal ( v>i\s descriptions 7 commonly employ$1 l9se$ or f5ugreek be+ ! fav\rite m$ia4 ,asclepiades /udi$ 9 ,alex&ria1 & aft] practis+ 9 ,greece & ,asia ,m9or1 f9ally settl$ 9 ,rome 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! fir/ c5tury ,b4,c4 ,"h he soon met ) success1 & e/abli%$ a reputation = great skill4 ,he 0 ! physician & fri5d ( ,cic]o1 & probably also ! in/ructor ( ,lucretius 9 ! ,epicurean philosophy1 ( :i* he 0 an en?usia/ic advocate4 ,he believ$ ! body to be compos$ ( atoms or p>ticles1 ) spaces betwe51 ?r\gh :i*1 l a sieve1 v>i\s atoms ( o!r %apes 7 cont9ually pass+ 9 & out ( ! body4 ,9 practice he believ$ 9 cur+ 8 pati5ts ) z little discom=t z possible1 :i* d\btless help$ to make him popul>4 ,he 0 av]se to ! employm5t ( viol5t rem$ies & ! excessive use ( emetics & purgatives s mu* fav\r$ by 8 fell[-practition]s4 ,he advocat$ ! use ( music z a soo?+ ag5t1 & 0 /rongly 9 fav\r ( ba?+ frequ5tly & ( massage4 ,he /rongly believ$ 9 w9e z a rem$ial ag5t1 :i* x has be5 said may h acc\nt$ = 8 popul>ity ) ! ,roman ladies1 ) :om z a physician he 0 9 great dem&4 ,he liv$ to a v advanc$ age1 & di$ x is /at$ f ! effects ( a fall4 ,gal51 born at ,p]gamus 9 ! ye> ,a4,d4 #aca1 /udi$ 9 ! s*ool ( ,alex&ria1 :i* !n _h a consid]able reputation1 & !re he =mulat$ 8 sy/em ( treatm5t f\nd$ on 8 k ( anatomy & on obs]vation4 ,8 fame hav+ spread abroad1 he travell$ to ,rome & became physician to ! ,emp]or ,m>cus ,aurelius4 ,accord+ to ,gal51 ! heal? ( ! body dep5d$ on an equal & uni=m mixture ( solids & liquids1 & its sickness arose f _! inequality2 consequ5tly1 ! physician %\ld =esee illness4 ,he 0 a pr(\nd /ud5t ( anatomy 9 8 e>ly c>e]1 & aft]w>ds turn$ 8 att5tion to physiology4 ,8 views z to inflammation1 int]mitt5t fev]s1 & 8 sy/em ( antipa?ies & sympa?ies1 place him v mu* above 8 pr$ecessors4 8,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! fif? c5tury10 says ,lacroix1 8! practice ( m$ic9e1 l t ( surg]y1 :i* 0 n yet a di/9ct bran*1 cont9u$ to be free )\t any au?orisation be+ requir$4 ,!re 7 ev5 wom5 :o1 l ! ,druidesses ( ! ,gauls1 treat$ ! sick40 ,*>m]s1 unconsci\s1 no d\bt1 ( ! occult =ces :i* !y set to "w1 attempt$ to cure neuralgic pa9s1 c\ntry bone-sett]s to m5d fractur$ limbs1 :ile oculi/s & impo/ors ( ! wor/ k9d travell$ ! c\ntry4 ,x 0 n until ! close ( ! eigh? c5tury t a regul> c\rse ( m$ical in/ruction 0 f\nd$1 ! fir/ ( ! k9d be+ organis$ at ,sal]no1 9 ! k+dom ( ,naples4 ,alex&] ( ,tralles1 a not$ physician1 fl\ri%$ 9 ! middle ( ! six? c5tury4 ,no ,greek doctor equall$ him s9ce ! days ( ,hippocrates 9 reg>d to 8 k ( 8 art 9 ^? primitive days4 ,he is said to h possess$ to a high degree ! art ( diagnosis1 & he laid d[n z a pr9ciple1 t no decision %\ld be arriv$ at z to ! treatm5t ( a case until ! specific causes ( disease _h be5 c>efully consid]$4 ,8 depreciation ( viol5t ap]i5ts1 8 views on melan*olia & g\t1 & 8 g5]ally common-s5se treatm5t1 /amp$ him z a man ( sup]ior atta9m5ts & ability4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to resort to ble$+ f ! jugul> ve91 & to use iron 9 c]ta9 diseases affect+ ! blood4 ,x mu/ n be imag9$ t ! ,roman practition]s ( m$ic9e 7 ill-paid1 = x is record$ t ,/]timus made "s #fejj a ye>1 & ,canie1 a surgeon1 is said to h receiv$ #bjjj = "o op]ation1 :i* contra/s well ) fees ( mod]n times4 ,votive (f]+s = heal? to ! ,roman deities 7 frequ5t1 & sometimes consi/$ ( l&1 animals1 co91 jewell]y1 & o!r articles4 ,o!r bribes :i* h be5 discov]$ ne> anci5t %r9es are t]ra-cotta figures ( deities1 human be+s1 animals1 & also portions ( human anatomy1 su* z ! liv] or /oma*4 ,?is sup]/ition /ill exi/s1 & is practis$ 9 _m p>ts ( ,italy1 ! peasants mak+ votive (f]+s simil> to ^? ( two ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,! object ( (f]+ models ( v>i\s portions ( ! body to special deities1 0 d\btless to propitiate ! god to heal t special "p 9 :i* ! pati5t believ$ 8 compla9t orig9at$4 ,?is cu/om ( mak+ (f]+s to ! gods1 call$ don>ia by ! ,romans1 orig9at$ at a v e>ly p]iod4 ,!y (t5 took ! =m ( l&1 build+s1 cattle1 tools ( trade1 jewell]y1 & ca/-(f clo!s4 ,?us ! temple ( ,artemis ,brauronia 0 fill$ ) wom5's clo?+4 ,9 ! temples ( ! heal+ gods1 in/rum5ts ( surg]y1 ph>maceutical appliances1 pa9t$ tablets repres5t+ miracul\s heal+s1 & great numb]s ( models ( v>i\s p>ts ( ! human frame1 compos$ ( metal1 /one1 & t]ra-cotta1 7 deposit$4 ,_m ( ^! anci5t temples ( heal+ 7 magnific5t build+s ) ri*ly-decorat$ int]iors1 :ile o!rs 7 simply %r9es or grottos at ! s\rce ( "s hot spr+ or m9]al wat]1 :]e hundr$s ( ^? afflict$ ) v>i\s ailm5ts flock$ to ba! or dr9k ! wat]4 ,! prie/s 9 *>ge regulat$ ! use ( ! wat]s & prescrib$ = ! pati5ts4 ,aft] complet+ ! c\rse x 0 cu/om>y = ! pati5t to ?r[ an (f]+ into ! wat]1 9 ! =m ( a silv] cup1 a co91 or "s t]ra-cotta model ( a limb1 & !n drag himself (f1 mutt]+ a pray]4 ,o!rs w\ld hang _! gifts on ! walls1 or deposit !m at ! feet ( ! /atues ( ! gods plac$ ar\nd4 ,magnific5t (f]+s1 su* z goblets ( valuable metal ) votive inscriptions1 h be5 occasionally f\nd1 & o!r ornam5ts ( gold & silv]4 ,x is said1 h[ev]1 t don>ia ( preci\s metals 7 aft] a "t melt$ d[n & dispos$ ( by ! prie/s4 ,grateful pati5ts or surgeons sometimes (f]$ surgical in/rum5ts z a ?anksgiv+ = a successful surgical op]ation2 ?us x is /at$ ,ero/ratus (f]$ to ,apollo 9 ! ,temple ( ,delphus a =ceps ( lead1 to %[ h[ little he approv$ ( ! f+]s z a m$ium = extract+ tee?4 ,drs4 ,sambon1 ,allaire1 & o!rs1 :o h discov]$ a l>ge numb] ( don>ia ( ! ,etruscan & ,roman p]iod1 f\nd among ! pott]y1 invalid fe$+-cups & fe$+-bottles = infants4 ,_m ( ! latt] 7 modell$ 9 ! =m ( ! female brea/1 & o!rs 9 ! %apes ( animals4 ,^! articles 7 (t5 plac$ 9 ! tombs ( "y *ildr5 :o _h di$ 9 babyhood1 in/ead ( ! di%es ( v>i\s foods :i* 7 deposit$ 9 ! tombs ( adults4 ,among o!r don>ia discov]$1 are models ( ! limbs & visc]a ( ! human body 9 clay1 %[+ ^u !m ! m>ks ( ! v>i\s diseases f :i* ! vot>ies _h suff]$4 ,?us ! anci5t temples mu/ h pres5t$ a curi\s appe>ance1 fe/oon$ on walls & ceil+s ) ^! num]\s models1 all ( :i* told a tale ( human suff]+4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,age ,,( ,,greek ,,& ,,roman ,,ph>macy4 ,rome at an e>ly p]iod gave bir? to sev]al philosoph]s & practition]s 9 ! art ( heal+4 ,cornelius ,celsus1 :o is ?\ght to h be5 a ,roman1 0 a mu* e/eem$ writ] ( ! "t1 & 8 works on m$ic9e %[ ! advanc$ /ate ( surg]y & m$ic9e dur+ ! ,roman ,empire4 ,8 "w on m$ic9e gives a consid]able insight into ! ph>macy ( ! ,romans 9 8 day4 ,) ref]5ce to _! weights1 he says3 8,i w\ld h x und]/ood t 9 an ounce is conta9$ ! weight ( sev5 d5>ii2 next1 t ,i divide ea* d5>ius into six p>ts1 t is1 sextantes1 s t ,i h ! same quantity 9 ! sextans ( a d5>ius t ! ,greeks h 9 _! obolus04 ,( ! me?ods ( adm9i/ration employ$ 9 e>ly ,roman ph>macy1 ! malagma 0 commonly us$4 ,x 0 a k9d ( s(t mass compos$ ( h]bs & grass beat5 up to ! consi/5cy ( a ?ick pa/e1 & appli$ to ! sk94 ,num]\s =mul = malagmas are giv51 9 :i* pellitory1 myrrh1 res91 c>damoms1 ammoniacum1 galbanum1 etc41 are includ$4 ,_! malagmas correspond$ ) our o9tm5ts4 ,!y also us$ pla/]s1 ( :i* ! basilicon1 ( galbanum1 pit*1 res91 & oil1 9 an improv$ =m1 has surviv$ two ?\s& ye>s4 ,tro*es1 = heal+ w\nds1 7 compos$ ( dry m$ic9es held 9 susp5sion by "s liquid su* z w9e or oil4 ,pess>ies 7vag9al7 7 orig9at$ by ! ,greeks1 :o call$ !m pessi4 ,! +r$i5ts 7 plac$ 9 a piece ( wool1 & ?us us$4 ,p[d]s & snuffs 7 also common me?ods ( adm9i/ration4 ,antidotes = bruises1 bites1 & poisons 7 reg>d$ z extremely important4 ,"o 0 call$ ambrosia1 :i* ,zopyrus is said to h comp\nd$ = ! ,k+ ,ptolemy2 ano!r 0 ! celebrat$ antidote ( ,k+ ,mi?ridates4 ,! ,greeks call$ _! embrocations or o9tm5ts eu*ri/a4 ,! catapotia 0 ! me?od us$ = int]nal adm9i/ration 9 liquid =m1 = :i* _m recipes are giv5 by ,celsus4 ,! foll[+ w s]ve z an example3-- ,a!nio's ,catapotia = a ,c\gh4 ,myrrh1 pepp]1 ea* p4 i4 ,ca/or1 poppy te>s1 ea* p4 i4 :i* are bruis$ sep>ately & aft]w>ds mix$4 ,= v5om\s bites1 ! treatm5t ( ! anci5ts1 if ! w\nd 0 sev]e1 0 fir/ cupp+1 or1 if slight1 ! pla/] ( ,diog5es 0 appli$1 or a salt fi% b\nd ov] ! w\nd4 ,a curi\s rem$y practis$ by ! ,greeks = hydrophobia 0 to ?r[ ! pati5t sudd5ly into a pond1 & 8if he c\ld n swim let him s9k sev]al times1 & ?us dr9k2 if he c swim1 keep him d[n at times until he may be satiat$ ) wat]1 = ?us at once10 writes ,celsus1 8is bo? ! ?ir/ & ! dread ( wat] remov$04 ,_! antidote = ne>ly all poisons 0 w>m oil1 giv5 9 ord] to induce vomit+4 ,! ^w collyrium1 n[ appli$ to a lotion = ! eyes1 0 also us$ by ! anci5ts2 b !y gave x a great] latitude1 & also employ$ x to describe a composition ( p[d]s wr\ght to a pa/y consi/5ce ) a liquid1 & =m$ into some?+ l a t5t = ins]tion into cavities4 ,( ! *emical bodies & drugs kn[n bo? to ! ,greeks & ! ,romans1 ! numb] is n a few4 ,c9nab>1 :i* seems to h be5 kn[n f a v remote p]iod1 0 ! "n appli$ to ! r$ sulphide ( m]cury1 & also to dragon's blood4 ,x is d\btless ( ! latt] ,pl9y says 8he believ$ to be ! gore ( a dragon cru%$ by ! weight ( a dy+ elephant1 ) a mixture ( ! blood ( ^! animals04 ,copp]as1 lead1 alum1 copp]1 & iron 7 us$ z /yptics4 ,myrrh1 frank9c5se1 c>damoms1 l9se$1 is+lass1 & cobwebs 7 us$ z a/r+5ts4 ,galbanum1 /orax1 bitum51 are recomm5d$ = promot+ suppuration1 :ile p5nyroyal1 sulphur1 pellitory1 /avesacre1 ox-gall1 scammony1 rue1 & opium 7 all includ$ 9 _! m$ical recipes4 ,dioscorides 0 ! fir/ to attempt to record 9 any?+ l a me?odical mann] ! _m drugs & *emical sub/ances us$ by ! e>ly ,greeks4 ,p$acion ,dioscorides1 born 9 ,anazaba 9 ,cilicia1 0 a ,greek physician1 :o liv$ 9 or ab\t ! second c5tury4 ,he ga!r$ a great portion ( 8 in=mation on mat]ia m$ica dur+ 8 travels ) ! ,roman army1 :i* he accompani$ on sev]al exp$itions 9 ! capacity ( physician4 ,aft]w>ds he wrote 8 great "w ,p]i ,hules ,iatrikes 7ab\t mat]ia m$ica71 :i* = fifte5 c5turies or m rema9$ "o ( ! *ief au?orities on t sci5ce4 ,x treats ( all ! m$ic9es !n 9 use1 ) _! prep>ations & action z !n kn[n4 ,! "w ( ?is e>ly physician fir/ appe>$ 9 a ,lat9 translation 9 #adgh2 ! fir/ ,greek edition be+ publi%$ 9 #adii4 ,! "w 0 aft]w>ds translat$ into ,spani%1 ,italian1 ,fr5*1 ,g]man1 & ,arabic4 ,illu/ration3 ,,p$acion ,,dioscorides4 ,f a draw+1 #aeih4 ,9 describ+ ! ,papav] sativum & its virtues 9 ?is "w1 he says3 8,x is n improp] to subjo9 ! me?od 9 :i* ! opus or juice ( x is collect$4 ,"s1 !n1 cutt+ ! poppy heads ) ! leaves1 squeeze !m ?r\gh a press1 & rubb+ !m 9 a mort>1 =m !m into tro*es4 ,?is is call$ meconium1 & is weak] ?an ! opus4 ,b :oev] desires to ga!r ! juice mu/ proce$ ?us3 ,aft] ! heads are moi/5$ ) dew1 let him cut r\nd ! 99 7a/]isk7 ) a knife1 b n p5etrate ?r\gh !m1 & f ! sides cut /raight l9es 9 ! surface1 & draw (f ! te> t fl[s ) 8 f+] into a %ell4 ,& come aga91 n long aft]1 = x w be f\nd /&+ ^u x2 & ! day foll[+ x w be f\nd 9 ! same mann]40 ,h5ce ! old "n poppy te>s4 ,dioscorides 0 also le>n$ 9 ! prep>ation ( wool fat1 :i* he calls sypum1 kn[n to mod]n ph>maci/s z lanol9e4 ,he says3 8sypum is ! oily "p collect$ f sordid wool1 ?us3 ,! wool 0 wa%$ 9 w>m wat] & all its sordes express$2 ! fat float$ ) a fro?1 & ^u ?r[+ 9 "s sea-wat] x subsid$2 & :5 all ! sypum 0 obta9$ f x 9 ?is mann]1 x 0 purifi$ by repeat$ affusions ( wat]4 ,:5 pure x _h no %>p ta/e1 & 0 9 "s degree a/r+5t & appe>$ :ite1 & 0 emolli5t & fill$ up ulc]s40 ,rec5t excavations made at ,pompeii & ,h]culaneum h ?r[n "s fur!r light on v>i\s articles ( mat]ia m$ica z x exi/$ 9 ! days j prec$+ ! de/ruction ( ^? cities4 ,aloe seems to h be5 held 9 high e/eem by ! practition]s ( ! "t1 & 0 employ$1 we le>n f ! hi/orian1 9 tw5ty-n9e diseases4 ,x 0 prescrib$ 9 doses f #a to #aaa dra*mas 7ab\t #fh gra9s71 & mix$ ) w9e 0 employ$ to /imulate ! gr[? ( ! hair4 ,aconite1 we f9d1 0 us$ 9 f\r diseases2 & 0 suppos$ to be an antidote to any poison :i* might exi/ 9 ! sy/em4 ,o!r rem$ies m5tion$ include gum acacia1 colocyn?1 elat]ium1 gold1 silv]1 copp]1 & elecampane4 ,x is fur!r record$ ( ! latt] drug1 t ,julia ,augu/a1 daught] ( ,augu/us ,cs>1 us$ to eat ! root daily4 ,( ! vegetable rem$ies ab\t #aej are enum]at$1 & ( ^! ! cabbage seems to h held a prom95t place4 ,o!r fav\rite m$ic9es 7 rye1 g>lic1 anise1 mall[1 rose1 & lily4 ,9 ! animal k+dom1 ! rem$ies contribut$ 7 num]\s1 be+ ma9ly ! v>i\s p>ts ( man & bea/4 ,among "s ( ! lea/ disgu/+1 hair1 blood1 & saliva may be m5tion$4 ,scrap+s f ! bodies ( a?letes1 mix$ ) ! oil ) :i* !y ano9t$ !mselves1 7 us$ z a tonic4 ,! hair ( a man torn f ! cross 0 us$ z a rem$y = qu>tan fev]4 ,! hyna 0 employ$ z a m$ic9al ag5t 9 sev5ty-n9e diseases2 & ! crocodile1 *ameleon1 lion1 elephant1 camel1 & ! hippopotamus all contribut$ c]ta9 curative ag5ts4 ,wool fat 0 held 9 great e/eem4 ,( m9]als1 iron1 lead1 nitrum1 salt1 gold1 t91 silv]1 realg>1 copp]1 & misy 7a comb9ation ( ! sulphates ( copp] & iron7 are enum]at$4 ,mo/ ( ^! articles are m5tion$ by ! second ,pl9y1 :o 0 kill$ dur+ ! eruption ( ,m\nt ,vesuvius :i* buri$ ,pompeii4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,al*emy--,,! ,,al*emi/s4 ,! ^w *emi/ry 0 us$ = ! fir/ "t by ,suidas1 a lexicograph] ( ! t5? c5tury1 & at t "t meant an alloy ( gold & silv]4 ,x is allud$ to 9 connection ) ! ,emp]or ,diocletian1 ( :om x is said1 t irritat$ by a revolt ( ! ,egyptians aga9/ ! laws ( ! empire1 he _h all _! books ( *emi/ry committ$ to ! flames1 s z to puni% !m = _! rebellion by prev5t+ !m f c>ry+ on ! lucrative bus9ess aris+ out ( ! melt+ & work+ ( preci\s metals4 ,!re is little d\bt ! ,egyptians & ,greeks 7 acqua9t$ ) c]ta9 *emical op]ations1 or :at 0 t]m$ ! h]metic sci5ce1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds call$ al*emy 9 ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,! fir/ two great lights t appe>$ 7 ,al-,*9dus1 & ,geb] :o discov]$ ! r$ oxide & bi*loride ( m]cury1 nitric acid1 hydro*loric acid1 & nitrate ( silv]4 ,geb]'s ,summa ,p]fectionis & ,lib] ,philisophorum embody 8 rese>*es on ! purification & malleability ( metals4 ,9 ! n9? c5tury1 ! ,arab al*emi/ ,rhazes fl\ri%$4 ,9 8 great "w entitl$ ,el ,hh>vi1 he alludes to realg>1 orpim5t1 borax1 mixtures ( sulphur & iron ) copp]1 & ( m]cury ) acids1 & ars5ic4 ,he fur!r recomm5ds physicians to use alcoholic prep>ations & animal oils1 etc4 ,he /ates3 8,! secret art ( *emi/ry is ne>] possible ?an impossible2 ! my/]ies d n reveal !mselves except by =ce ( lab\r & p]sev]ance4 ,b :at a triumph x is :5 man c raise a corn] ( ! veil :i* conceals ! works ( ,god60 ,! k display$ ( *emi/ry & its application to ! arts at t e>ly p]iod is wond]ful1 b books 7 few4 ,! *ief evid5ce ( ?is k is exhibit$ 9 ! _m specim5s & art monum5ts 9 ! museums ( ,spa91 %[+ ! skill ( ! ,s>ac5s & ( ! ,moors4 ,a little lat] ,mesu /ates1 8c]ta9 pr9ciples _h be5 recognis$ z to ! analytical classification ( ! bodies :i* compose organic matt]04 ,( ! anci5t necromanc]s :o h figur$ 9 hi/ory & romance1 ,m]l9 0 p]haps ! mo/ extraord9>y4 ,! e>lie/ m5tion ( 8 "n is 9 records ( ! elev5? c5tury1 al?\gh he appe>s to h fl\ri%$ ab\t ! "t ( ! ,saxon invasion ( ,brita91 9 ! latt] "p ( ! fif? c5tury4 ,he is fir/ m5tion$ 9 connection ) ! =tune ( ,vortig]n1 :o is repres5t$ by ,ge(frey ( ,monm\?1 z at t "t ,k+ ( ,engl&4 ,vortig]n hav+ lo/ all 8 /rongholds 9 8 /ruggle ) ! ,saxons1 at l5g? consult$ 8 magicians z to h[ he 0 to def5d himself f 8 tr\blesome foe4 ,!y advis$ him to build an impregnable t[]1 & *ose a suitable site = its erection4 ,! build]s set to "w ) might & ma91 b 7 a/oni%$ to f9d1 t z fa/ z !y built 9 "o day1 ! next morn+ ! e>? _h swall[$ x up1 & n a ve/ige rema9$4 ,s ! k+ call$ ! wise m5 toge!r aga91 :5 !y arriv$ at ! conclusion t ! only way to rem$y ! matt] 0 to cem5t ! walls ( ! t[] ) ! blood ( a human be+ :o 0 born ( no human fa!r4 ,vortig]n at once s5t =? emiss>ies to sc\r ! c\ntry 9 se>* ( ?is r>a avis1 & at l5g? by good =tune !y came across ,m]l91 ne> ! t[n ( ,ca]m>!n 9 ,wales1 :o claim$ t 8 "m 0 ! daught] ( a k+ b 8 fa!r 0 an angelic be+4 ,! k+'s emiss>ies evid5tly took 8 ^w = x1 z !y spe$ily c>ri$ him be=e ,vortig]n4 ,a great meet+ ( ! magicians 0 call$1 at :i* ! k+ presid$1 & ,m]l91 in/ead ( be+ condemn$ z ! victim1 conf\nd$ ! wise m51 & told ! k+ ! gr\nd !y _h *os5 = 8 t[] _h a lake b5ea? x1 at ! bottom ( :i*1 on be+ dra9$1 !y w\ld f9d two dragons ( inext+ui%able ho/ility4 ,"u ! =m ( dragons he appe>s to h figur$ ! ,britons & ,saxons 9 8 spee*1 8all ( :i*10 ! hi/orian tells u1 8prov$ to be true04 ,b ! greate/ exploit ) :i* ,m]l9 is cr$it$1 accord+ to tradition1 is ! erection ( ,/oneh5ge z a la/+ monum5t to ! #cjj ,briti% nobles massacr$ by ! ,saxons4 ,x is suppos$ t ^! mighty /ones _h be5 orig9ally set up 9 ,africa1 & f !nce 7 transport$ to ,irel&4 ,m]l9 comm&$ t !y %\ld be c>ri$ ov] ! sea1 & erect$ on ,salisbury ,pla92 b no workman c\ld be f\nd to move !m4 ,he !re=e br\ght 8 magical p[] to be> on ! huge /ones1 & by ?is means !y 7 caus$ to take ! =m 9 :i* !y n[ /&4 ,( ! o!r wond]ful /ories :i* romance has wov5 r\nd ! c>e] ( ?is /range individual1 we c only say !y are int]e/+1 if n exactly true4 ,z #fjj ye>s elaps$ betwe5 ! "t ( ,m]l9 & ! e>lie/ kn[n records ( 8 a*ievem5ts1 x is impossible to pron\nce on _! v]acity4 ,among ! m fam\s ( ! e>ly al*emi/s 0 ,/4 ,dun/an1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! t5? c5tury2 b1 if tradition speaks truly1 he 0 any?+ b a sa9t 9 "*4 ,he is said to h be5 a man ( di/+ui%$ bir?1 :o 9 8 "y days liv$ a life ( great self-indulg5ce1 ev5 = t p]iod ( peculi> morality4 ,at l5g?1 he 0 seiz$ ) a dang]\s illness :i* ?reat5$ to t]m9ate 8 c>e]2 b at ! la/ extremity an angel appe>$1 br++ a m$ic9e :i* spe$ily re/or$ him to heal?4 ,ha/5+ to ! ne>e/ *ur* to return ?anks1 he 0 /opp$ by ! devil ) a pack ( black dogs1 :om h[ev] he spe$ily put to flight4 ,9 ord] to expiate 8 =m] irregul>ities1 he n[ seclud$ himself 9 ! abbey ( ,gla/onbury1 :]e he occupi$ a cell 9 :i* he c\ld nei!r /& upright nor /ret* 8 limbs 9 repose1 & mortifi$ 8 fle% exce$+ly4 ,"h he /udi$ al*emy & magic1 9 :i* arts he soon became well v]s$4 ,:ile 9 ?is cell1 he is said to h _h ! mo/ extraord9>y visitations1 & among o!rs ! devil 0 con/antly ?ru/+ 8 head 9 at ! w9d[ & taunt+ ! sa9t1 :ile imm]s$ 9 8 /udies4 ,at l5g?1 "o day1 we>i$ out1 ,dun/an lo/ all pati5ce1 & seiz+ 8 r$-hot tongs f ! little furnace 9 :i* he conduct$ 8 *emical op]ations1 caught ! devil by ! nose1 & held him firmly1 8:ile ! bell[+s ( ,satan10 says ! hi/orian1 8fill$ ! :ole neighb\rhood = _m miles r\nd04 ,?is incid5t is frequ5tly repres5t$ 9 anci5t c>v+s4 ,dun/an 0 a ,b5$ict9e monk1 & next came =? & took a prom95t "p 9 political & religi\s matt]s4 ,he seems to h be5 ! k+-mak] ( 8 "t1 & took a prom95t "p 9 ! rul+ ( ! k+dom dur+ ! reigns ( ,edwy & ,edg>4 ,9 ! accompany+ illu/ration ! al*emi/1 ) uplift$ tor*1 is repeat+ ! specifi$ incantation ov] ! /ill1 "u :i* he has j k9dl$ a fire1 hav+ comm5c$ ! prep>ation ( ! 8,elixir ( ,life04 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,al*emi/4 ,f an engrav+ dat$ #aegf4 ,9 ! ye> ,a4,d4 #abfj1 ,alb]tus ,magnus1 =m]ly a ,dom9ican monk1 0 made ma/] ( ! sacr$ palace at ! c\rt ( ,rome1 & aft]w>ds ,bi%op ( ,ratisbon4 ,?is great philosophical /ud5t 0 le>n$ 9 all ! !n kn[n arts ( *emi/ry1 & 8 manuscripts & works 7 copi$ by ! ?\s&4 ,all k9ds ( extraord9>y p[]s 7 attribut$ to him1 & x 0 commonly /at$ t he c\ld make gold1 & t he 0 a magician4 ,accus$ ( 8hav+ deal+s0 ) ! evil "o1 he resign$ 8 high position & return$ to 8 cloi/]$ cell to c>ry on 8 fav\rite rese>*es & end 8 days4 ,next we come to ,v9c5t de ,beauvais1 (t5 call$ ! ,pl9y ( ! middle ages4 ,he1 too1 0 accus$ ( sorc]y1 & x is said t 8at midnight p w\ld creep along ! quays ( ! ,se9e t[>ds 8 laboratory 9 ,/4 ,*apelle y>d1 to see if !y c\ld get a glimpse reflect$ 9 ! riv] ( ! magic furnaces 9 :i* ,de ,beauvais 0 suppos$ to evoke 8 famili> _s04 ,ab\t ! same "t ,raymond ,lulli became kn[n to fame4 ,he also 0 a monk1 & born 9 ! isl& ( ,majorca1 b hav+ a rov+ disposition he w&]$ ov] ,europe4 ,he wrote sev]al works on al*emy1 among o!rs ,libilli ,aliquot ,*emici1 etc4 ,fabul\s /ories are relat$ ( 8 adv5tures2 & he 0 cruelly /on$ to dea? by ! populace 9 ,tunis1 9 #acae4 ,he left beh9d him a foll[+ ( believ]s1 :o call$ !mselves ,lulli/s & spread all ov] ,europe4 ,! g5ius ( ! ,we/ at ?is "t 0 ,arnauld de ,vill5euve1 :o made sev]al important discov]ies 9 *emi/ry4 ,8 rese>*es 7 p>ticul>ly direct$ to ! relation ( *emi/ry to m$ic9e4 ,he is cr$it$ ) hav+ discov]$ sulphuric & o!r acids1 & is said to h be5 ! fir/ to di/il alcohol or _s ( w9e4 ,contempor>y ) ^! m5 ( le>n+ 0 our own ,rog] ,bacon1 ^: love = 8 art ne>ly co/ him 8 life1 besides _m ye>s 9 prison4 ,! discov]] ( gunp[d] & ! telescope sp5t mo/ ( 8 life 9 exp]im5tal rese>*es1 ) ! result t he revolutionis$ ! art ( w>1 & gave to a/ronom]s ! p[] ( explor+ ! heav5s4 ,he 0 a man ( great ability1 nev] ju/ly appreciat$ by 8 contempor>ies1 & has be5 rightly nam$ ! fa!r ( exp]im5tal physics4 ,he describ$ mo/ ( ! laws :i* regulate matt]1 & ! regul> motion ( ! planets4 ,al?\gh a man ( und\bt$ k & great p[] ( conception1 he 0 bitt5 ) ! mania ( endeav\r+ to discov] ! philosoph]'s /one1 8 views respect+ :i* he set =? 9 8 "w entitl$ ,radix ,mundi4 ,foll[+ ,bacon came ,antonio ,qua9]1 ( ,pavia1 :o 0 ! fir/ to manufacture artificial m9]al wat]s4 ,x has be5 said by "s t ! discov]ies made by ! al*emi/s 7 ma9ly ! result ( *ance1 & !y 7 mo/ly ignorant *>latans2 b al?\gh !y _h little me?od 9 _! rese>*1 & a great deal ( _! k 0 wrapp$ up 9 absurd & sup]/iti\s !ories1 :5 we look at ! result ( _! discov]ies up to ! fifte5? c5tury1 ! mo/ prejudic$ mu/ admit t _! lab\rs 7 n sp5t entirely 9 va94 ,!y demon/rat$ ! exi/5ce ( bismu?1 liv] ( sulphur1 & regulus ( antimony1 ! di/illation ( alcohol1 volatilisation ( m]cury1 & prep>ation ( aqua regia1 sulphuric & o!r m9]al acids1 & ! purification ( alkalies4 ,!y _h ! sc>let dye = clo?1 ! secret ( :i* has n[ be5 lo/ & _c be equall$1 & _! processes ( glass-/a9+ _c be approa*$ by ^? employ$ at ! pres5t day4 ,x is said t ,eck1 a ,g]man al*emi/ ( ,sultzba*1 asc]ta9$ ! exi/5ce ( oxyg5 #cjj ye>s be=e x 0 demon/rat$ by ,prie/ly4 ,= ^! & o!r discov]ies we h to ?ank ! e>ly al*emi/s4 ,dur+ ! fifte5? & sixte5? c5turies al*emy began to %ake itself free f ! wild !ories & absurd practices :i* _h imp$$ its progress4 ,h5ry ,,vii4 issu$ a sev]e edict aga9/ al*emical practices1 :i* put a /op to ! impositions ( a numb] ( *>latans4 ,ab\t ?is p]iod ,john ,bapti/ ,porta discov]$ ! means ( r$uc+ ! metallic oxides & ( col\r+ silv]1 & ,isaac & ,jean ,holl&us made great improvem5ts 9 enamell+1 & demon/rat$ ! manufacture ( artificial gems4 ,f ! "t ( ,p>acelsus & ! introduction ( pr9t+1 ! sci5ce receiv$ a fre% impetus1 & a new ord] ( *emi/s came into be+1 ^: conflict ) ! old ord] = _m ye>s is a matt] ( hi/ory4 ,! old !ories ( ! al*emi/s 7 gradually explod$ & sup]s$$1 & _m 7 driv5 to ! mo/ flagrant quack]y to e>n a liv+4 ,cornelius ,agrippa1 :o 0 "o ( ! lead]s ( ! new ord]1 says3 8,x w\ld take too mu* "t to rec\nt all ! follies1 ! idle secrets1 & ! enigmas ( ?is trade1 ( ! gre5 lion1 ! fugitive /ag1 ! fly+ eagle1 ! inflat$ toad1 ! cr['s head ( ! black black] ?an ! black1 ( ! seal ( ,m]cury1 ( ! mud ( wisdom1 & o!r c\ntless absurdities ( ! "t4 ,_m ( !m travell$ f fair to fair 9 ord] to make a little money by ! sale ( :ite lead1 v]milion1 antimony1 & o!r drugs us$ by wom5 = pa9t+ ! face1 & drugs :i* ! ,scripture calls o9tm5ts ( lu/40 ,mean:ile ! ef=ts ( ! practical work]s 7 enc\rag$ by adm9i/rators & pr9ces1 ) ! result t ! application ( *emi/ry & ! te*nical arts became pr$om9ant1 & metallurgy ! lead+ _s ( ! sci5ce4 ,a notable "* 9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe? 0 ,dr4 ,dee1 al*emi/ & a/rolog]4 ,! c>e] ( ?is man1 :o 0 m a *>latan ?an aught else1 0 "o ( extraord9>y vicissitude4 ,a ,wel%man by bir?1 he 0 educat$ at ,ox=d1 & !n travell$ ?r\gh\t ,europe1 claim+ t he _h discov]$ ! elixir ( life & ! philosoph]'s /one4 ,he 0 a man ( ov]we5+ ambition1 & delight$ to he> himself call$ 8,mo/ ,excell5t04 ,9 company ) a man nam$ ,kelly1 x is said he discov]$ a quantity ( ! elixir 9 ! ru9s ( ,gla/onbury ,abbey2 ?is !y at once annex$ & c>ri$ (f to ,pol&1 accompani$ by a nobleman ( t c\ntry4 ,aft] travell+ f "o ,c\rt to ano!r1 :]e he is said to h p]=m$ wond]ful feats ) 8 elixir1 he return$ to ,engl& & settl$ at ,mortlake1 :]e ,elizabe? (t5 visit$ him to consult him on a/rology1 & he ev5 v5tur$ to pr$ict h] dea?4#c ,he 0 a great fav\rite at ,c\rt 9 #aeie1 & ! ,que5 made him ,*ancellor ( ,paul's & ,w>d5 ( ,man*e/]1 b he di$ 9 great pov]ty4 #c ,lilly's ,autobiography1 #aggd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,al*emi/4 ,f an engrav+ dat$ #aegf4 ,! illu/ration repres5ts an al*emi/ ( ! sixte5? c5tury 9 an ante-room ( 8 laboratory1 engag$ 9 fix+ a portion ( 8 app>atus4 ,on ! table is 8 lut+ box & knife4 ,?r\gh "o w9d[ a view ( ! laboratory ) /ills ( v>i$ size is obta9$1 :ile ?r\gh ! o!r ! sun looks ) becom+ gravity on ! op]ation4 ,,! ,,symbols ,,( ,,! ,,al*emi/s4 ,z 9 mod]n sci5ce *emi/s write _! =mul & "w out _! processes by means ( symbols1 s ! al*emi/s us$ signs & hi]oglyphics to repres5t ! !n kn[n elem5ts1 metals1 & o!r articles 9 common use4 ,! s-call$ elem5ts--fire1 air1 wat]1 e>?--7 repres5t$ by special symbols1 "h repres5t$4 ,! metals 7 suppos$ to be influ5c$ by ! planets to a c]ta9 degree1 & 7 repres5t$ by _! correspond+ signs4 ,v>i\s o!r articles also _h _! symbols1 :i* s]v$ z a means ( %or?& at a p]iod :5 caligraphy 0 little kn[n or employ$4 ,illu/ration3 ,symbols =3 ,fire4 ,air4 ,wat]4 ,e>?4 ,lead4 ,t94 ,iron4 ,gold4 ,copp]4 ,m]cury4 ,silv]4 ,antimony4 ,ars5ic4 ,aqua ,vit4 ,borax4 ,to ,purify4 ,c9nab>4 ,caput ,mortuum4 ,an ,oil4 ,saltpetre4 ,a ,magnet4 ,sal ,ammoniac4 ,sulphur4 ,t>t>4 ,a ,cov]$ ,pot4 ,to ,sublime4 ,to ,precipitate4 ,illu/ration3 ,symbols =3 ,_s ( ,w9e4 ,roman ,symbol = ,d5>ius4 ,to ,dige/4 ,to ,di/il4 ,aqua ,=tis4 ,aqua ,regalis4 ,a ,brick4 ,to ,calc9e4 ,camphire4 ,a%es4 ,c]usse4 ,lime4 ,quicklime4 ,c9nab>4 ,wax4 ,h>t%orn4 ,a ,crucible4 ,cry/al4 ,a ,gum4 ,oil4 ,/eel ,fil+s4 ,li?>ge4 ,illu/ration3 ,symbols =3 ,to ,lute4 ,sublimat$ ,m]cury4 ,precipitat$ ,m]cury4 ,nitre4 ,realg>4 ,s&4 ,soap4 ,sal ,alkali4 ,sal ,ammoniac4 ,salt4 ,talc4 ,v9eg>4 ,v]digris4 ,vitriol4 ,ur9e4 ,day4 ,night4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,philosoph]',s ,,/one4 ,! dom9at+ ambition ( ! e>ly al*emi/s 0 to discov] ! unkn[n4 ,9 ! same _s ! mod]n work] 9 sci5ce gropes onw>d1 & dreams ( discov]+ "s contribution t[>ds solv+ ! elixir ( life1 9 ! =m1 x may be1 ( conqu]+ at lea/ "o fell disease4 ,! anci5t work]s 9 al*emy conf9$ _! rese>*es almo/ exclusively to metals2 !y believ$ t all natural ?+s 7 compos$ ( f\r elem5ts1 :i* !y t]m$ ,fire1 ,air1 ,e>?1 & ,wat]4 8,:5 ^! f\r elem5ts are conjo9$10 says ,rog] ,bacon1 9 8 ,radix ,mundi1 8!y become ano!r ?+1 :]eas x is evid5t t all ?+s 9 ,nature are compos$ ( ! said elem5ts be+ alt]$ & *ang$40 ,b ! pati5t rese>*es ( ! al*emi/s 7 n s mu* due to a love = sci5tific inve/igation z to ! ov]:elm+ desire to ga9 weal?4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,/ill ,,= ,,dy/ill+ ,,! ,,wat] ,,( ,,lyfe4 #aegf4 ,! majority _h two fix$ objects 9 view z ! goals ( _! ambition1 "o be+ ! discov]y ( "s body t w\ld be capable ( transmut+ ! bas] metals into gold & silv]2 & ! o!r1 ! discov]y ( an elixir :i* w\ld prolong ! span ( human life to an indef9ite p]iod4 ,bo? ^! objects seem to h be5 s\ght = by man f prehi/oric times1 & _! orig9 is lo/ 9 antiquity4 ,b]!lot rem>ks t ! t]m 8,philosoph]'s ,/one0 does n occur 9 writ+s e>li] ?an ! sev5? c5tury1 al?\gh ! c5tral idea is mu* m anci5t4 ,! philosoph]'s /one 0 s\ght = by ! ,*9ese philosoph]s at a v remote p]iod1 aft]w>ds by ! ,greeks1 ,arabs1 & o!rs d[n to ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,m5 ( und\bt$ ability & g5ius wa/$ bo? _! lives & _! =tunes ov] ! se>* = ?is illusive *im]a1 & o!rs condesc5d$ to fraud & trick]y ( ! meane/ description 9 its pursuit4 ,app>5tly no al*emi/ ( any repute ?\ght x "r to die until he _h at lea/ claim$ to h solv$ "o ( ^! great problems4 ,?us claimants to ! discov]y 7 num]\s4 ,! descriptions giv5 ( ! v>i\s processes 9 anci5t manuscripts & works = produc+ ! philosoph]'s /one are usually ( a v elaborate description1 & c\*$ 9 ! mo/ fanta/ic language4 ,failure to produce ! desir$ result 0 inv>iably acc\nt$ = by ! omission to c>ry out "s m9ute detail4 ,"s :o pr(ess$ to h discov]$ ! secret dem&$ l>ge sums ( money to reveal x1 & sev]al visit$ ! v>i\s c\rts ( ,europe to demon/rate x by means ( trick]y & conjur+4 ,! notori\s ,dr4 ,dee1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 0 "o ( ! la/ claimants to ! discov]y1 & is said to h receiv$ imm5se sums ( money f dupes = imp>t+ ! covet$ secret1 :i* he demon/rat$ by means ( an +5i\s trick4 ,realg>1 m]cury1 sulphur1 & _m o!r sub/ances 7 cr$it$ ) ! magical prop]ty ( transmutation4 ,9 ! illu/ration 7p4 #fe71 :i* is tak5 f an au!ntic engrav+ ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 we h a figure ( ! app>atus us$ = di/ill+ ! 8,wat] ( ,life10 ! process = :i* is describ$ by ,gesn]us 9 ! ,newe ,jewell ( ,heal?1 pr9t$ 9 #aegf4 ,! al*emi/1 array$ 9 8 impos+ robes1 is depict$ giv+ in/ructions to 8 assi/ant z to c]ta9 precautions to be tak5 9 conduct+ ! process4 ,bacon /ates t sulphur & m]cury are ! m9]al roots & natural pr9ciples ^u :i* ,nature h]self acts & works 9 ! m9es & cav]ns ( ! e>?2 ! latt] metal he believ$ to be ! true elixir ( ! philosoph]'s /one2 o!rs1 includ+ ,rhazes & ,m]l91 believ$ x to be an amalgam ( gold & m]cury1 fanta/ically call$ ! ,r$ man & 8 ,:ite wife4 ,conc]n+ ! vessels = produc+ ?is 8,citr9e body10 z ,bacon calls x1 ! mo/ exact precautions 7 tak54 ,special app>atus 0 us$1 & a special heat1 :i* 0 n to exce$ ! heat ( ! body4 ,= ?is purpose horse-dung 0 employ$4 ,s5i]1 ! philosoph]1 says3 8,dig a sepul*re & bury ! woman 7m]cury7 ) h] man 7gold7 9 horse-dung1 ! fire ( ! philosoph]1 until su* "t z !y be conjo9$04 ,bacon's def9ition ( al*emy 03 8,al*ymie is ! art or sci5ce tea*+ h[ to make or g5]ate a c]ta9 k9d ( m$ic9e :i* is call$ ! elixir4 ,x tea*es h[ to transmute all k9ds ( metals1 "o ) ano!r2 & ?is by a prop] m$ic9e40 ,george ,ripley1 a monk1 9 #adgf1 ?\ght t he _h discov]$ ! mu*-covet$ /one 9 pure sulphur4 ,he says3 8,let ! two sulphurs1 viz41 ! :ite & ! r$1 be m+l$ ) ! oil ( ! :ite elixir t !y may "w ! m /rongly1 & y %all h ! highe/ m$ic9e 9 ! _w to heal & cure human bodies1 & to transmute ! bodies ( metals into ! mo/ pure f9e gold & silv]04 ,b]!lot1 :o has made an exhau/ive /udy ( ! subject1 comes to ! conclusion t ! doctr9es ( al*emy conc]n+ ! transmutation ( metals1 did n orig9ate 9 ! philosophical views ( ! con/itution ( matt] z g5]ally suppos$1 b 9 ! practical exp]im5ts ( goldsmi?s occupi$ 9 mak+ fraudul5t sub/itutes = ! preci\s metals4 ,"o _c b ?9k ) pity ( ! imm5se lab\r exp5d$ & lo/ 9 ! attempt made by _m ( ^! pione]s ( sci5ce 9 _! pursuit aft] ?is *emical *im]a4 ,p>acelsus1 z well z 8 pr$ecessors1 lab\r$ /udi\sly to discov] "s me?od = prolong+ life4 ,l ,bacon & ,v]ulam1 he ma9ta9$ t ! human body c\ld be rejuv5at$ to a c]ta9 ext5t by a fre% supply ( vitality1 & x 0 8 aim to f9d means by :i* su* a supply c\ld be obta9$4 ,9 "o ( 8 works he gives ! foll[+ reasons = ?is belief3 8,metals may be pres]v$ f ru/ & wood may be protect$ aga9/ rot4 ,blood may be pres]v$ a long "t if ! air is exclud$4 ,egyptian mummies h kept _! =m = c5turies )\t und]go+ putrefaction4 ,animals awak5 f _! w9t] sleep1 & flies hav+ become torpid f cold become nimble aga9 :5 !y are w>m$4 ,!re=e1 if inanimate objects c be kept f de/ruction1 :y %\ld !re be no possibility to pres]ve ! life-ess5ce ( animate =ms80 ,= ?is purpose he prep>$ a rem$y he call$ ,primum ,ens ,meliss1 :i* 0 made by dissolv+ pure c>bonate ( potass1 & mac]at+ 9 ! liquid ! fre% leaves ( ! melissa plant4 ,on ?is absolute alcohol 0 p\r$ sev]al times 9 successive portions to absorb ! col\r+ matt]1 aft] :i* x 0 collect$1 di/ill$1 & evaporat$ to ! ?ickness ( a syrup4 ,! second great secret elixir ( ,p>acelsus 0 8 ,primum ,ens ,sangu9is4 ,?is 0 prep>$ by mix+ blood f ! m$ium ve9 ( a heal?y "y p]son1 & dige/+ x 9 a w>m place ) twice its quantity ( alcahe/1 aft] :i* ! r$ fluid 0 to be sep>at$ f ! s$im5t1 filt]$1 & pres]v$4 ,! alcahe/ 0 8 celebrat$ univ]sal m$ic9e1 & 0 consid]$ ! greate/ my/]y ( all4 ,x 0 made ) fre%ly prep>$ cau/ic lime & absolute alcohol4 ,^! 7 di/ill$ toge!r t5 times4 ,! residue left 9 ! retort 0 mix$ ) pure c>bonate ( potass & dri$4 ,?is 0 aga9 di/ill$ ) alcohol4 ,x 0 !n plac$ 9 a di% & set on fire1 & ! residue t rema9$ 0 ! alcahe/4 ,! foll[+ l9es 7 f\nd inscrib$ on ! fly-leaf ( an old "w on al*emy1 pr9t$ 9 #aeej1 & sign$ 8,,philo ,,v]itas03-- ,,elixir ,,vit4 ,:5 fire & wat]1 e>? & air ,9 love's true bond unit$ are1 ,= all diseases !n be sure ,y h a safe & c]ta9 cure4 ,i w affirm x's "h alone ,exi/s ! ,philosophic ,/one4 ,?is is fair nature's virg9 root1 ,?rice ble/ are !y :o reap ! fruit3 ,b oh6 :]e "o true adept's f\nd1 ,t5 ?\s& ?\s& *eats ab\nd4 ,9 an anci5t "w 9 ! libr>y ( ,york ,m9/]1 ! writ] came across ! foll[+ 9 manuscript1 sign$ 8,,raymund ,,lulli03-- ,rememb] man t is ! mo/ noble creature 9 composition t ev] ,god wr\ght2 ,9 :om be f\r elem5ts proportion$ by nature1 ,a neutral m]curiallyte :i* co/e? "r naught1 ,out ( 8 monie by manie x is b\ght2 ,& our monie be n all b our oxtalle t[e1 ,( ! sun & ! moon2 :i* ,raymund ,said ,s4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,black ,,art ,,& ,,occult ,,sci5ces4 ,to make a ?or\gh analysis ( ?is int]e/+ subject1 & trace ! orig9 ( magic1 w\ld take mu* m space ?an we h at our comm&2 & we c only m5tion a few ( ! _m =ms :i* may be gr\p$ "u ! head ( ! occult sci5ces1 & ^? especially :i* _h any connection ) ! al*emi/s4 ,!re is little d\bt t mo/ ( ! al*emi/s 7 /ud5ts1 if n practition]s1 ( magic or "s ( its bran*es4 ,! antiquity ( magic is v great2 & we h record ( magicians & wise m5 9 e>ly ,jewi% times1 z well z ! magic =mul ( ! ,v$as 9 ,india1 z h&$ d[n to u 9 ! religion ( ! ,h9doos4 ,moreov]1 magic 0 practis$ by ! ,*aldeans1 ( :om a c]ta9 tribe devot$ _! en]gies to /udy+ ! occult sci5ces4 ,pl9y tells u ( ! deal+s 9 ! sup]natural 9 ! "t ( ,hom]1 & o!r writ]s record t magic 0 also kn[n to ! ,etruscans & ,assyrians at a v e>ly p]iod4 ,z "t roll$ on1 ! diff]5t =ms ( magic practis$ became specialis$1 accord+ to _! sev]al natures4 ,= in/ance1 !re 7 ,a/rology & ,oneiromancy1 :i* compris$ ! v>i\s =ms ( div9ation2 ,!urgy & ,goetry1 ! art ( evok+ good or evil spirits2 ,necromancy1 by means ( :i* communication 0 held ) ! dead2 & ,sorc]y1 :i* ex]cis$ its p[] by ! influ5ce ( dreams4 ,! long+s aft] ! sup]natural & unkn[n felt by ! great ignorant masses br\ght =? individuals 9 pl5ty to take advantage ( _! cr$ulity4 ,dur+ ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies ! occult sci5ces 7 op5ly taught 9 ! univ]sities & s*ools1 & #bjj ye>s lat] rea*$ ! z5i? ( _! influ5ce2 & practition]s ( a/rology & ! black arts ab\nd$ & fl\ri%$ ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,! pr(essors ( ,oneiromancy 7 ^? :o div9$ or int]pret$ dreams1 & f\nd$ _! traditions 9 ! art f its be+ 9 accordance ) ! ,scriptures4 ,! explanation ( dreams also did n g c\nt] to ! doctr9es ( ! ,*ur*1 & s ! cult f\nd _m believ]s among all classes ( society4 ,x 0 d5\nc$ by ,pope ,gregory ,,ii4 z a dete/able practice2 b ?is did n prev5t x be+ l>gely employ$ 9 =eca/+ ! future4 ,arnauld de ,vill5euve1 :o wrote a "w on ! subject 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 gives a c]ta9 code by :i* ^? :o practis$ x work$4 ,:oev] dreamt t 8 hair 0 ?ick & c>efully curl$ w\ld soon become weal?y4 ,if any?+ 0 wrong ) ! hair1 evil 0 betok5$4 ,x also =e%ad[$ h>m if a wrea? 0 worn compos$ ( fl[]s t 7 n 9 season4 ,o!r codes signifi$ t to dream ( ! eyes1 relat$ to *ildr52 ! head1 to a fa!r2 ! arms1 to bro!rs2 ! feet1 to s]vants2 ! "r h&1 to ! "m1 to sons1 & to fri5ds2 & ! left h&1 to ! wife & daught]4 ,ano!r me?od 0 f\nd$ on ! !ory t :atev] 0 dreamt (1 ! anti!sis or opposite w\ld foll[ 9 life4 ,f ?is we h probably ! say+ common to-day1 8dream ( a w$d+ & x is a sign ( a fun]al04 ,accord+ to _m old writ]s !re 0 sc>cely any important ev5t 9 ! middle ages :i* 0 n ann\nc$ by a dream4 ,! day be=e ,h5ry ,,ii4 0 /ruck by ! bl[ ( a lance dur+ a t\rnam5t1 ,ca!r9e de ,m$icis1 8 wife1 dreamt t %e saw him lose "o ( 8 eyes4 ,?ree days be=e he fell by ! knife ( ,jacques ,clm5t1 ,h5ry ,,iii4 dreamt he saw ! royal insignia /a9$ ) blood & trodd5 "u foot by monks & p ( ! l[] ord]s4 ,h5ry ,,iv4 also1 be=e he 0 murd]$ by ,raveillac1 x is said1 he>d dur+ ! night 8 wife ,m>ie de ,m$icis say to h]self z %e woke1 8,dreams are b falsehoods60 & :5 he ask$ h] :at %e _h dreamt1 %e repli$1 8,t y 7 /abb$ ^u ! /eps ( ! little ,l\vre60 8,?ank ,god x is b a dream10 rejo9$ ! k+4 ,! necromanc]s1 :o 7 suppos$ to be able to conjure up spirits & raise ! dead1 7 acc\nt$ on a some:at high] plane ?an ! int]pret]s ( dreams4 ,!y also bas$ _! au?ority on ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,! nature ( ! art 0 gruesome & awe-inspir+1 & !re is little d\bt _m d>k de$s 7 p]petrat$ by ^? :o practis$ x4 ,"o me?od ( evocation 0 to kill a *ild & place its head ^u a di% surr\nd$ by light$ c&les2 ! desir$ _s 0 suppos$ to ent] ?is gha/ly object & speak ?r\gh its m\?4 ,sometimes ! _s simply consi/$ ( "s mutt]$ words f beh9d a curta9 9 a d>k cell>2 ano!r me?od 0 to cause ! appe>ance ( a sepul*ral figure out ( smoke or vap\r1 :i* w\ld indicate by ge/ure & reply to que/ions ask$4 ,to evoke a dead man's _s1 x 0 necess>y to g to ! grave at midnight ) a companion :o bore a c&le 9 ! left h& & a cry/al /one 9 ! "r1 ! conjur] hold+ a hazel w& ) ! "n ( ,god writt5 on x1 & repeat+ ! words3-- 8,tetragrammaton ,adonai ,agla ,craton 0 ,!n /rik+ ?ree times on ! gr\nd1 ) a pray] he comm&$ ! _s into ! /one1 :5 x appe>$ 9 ! %ape ( a *ild4 ,! conjur] (t5 wore a girdle ( lion's sk9 ) ! "n ( ,god writt5 on x1 & ! ,solomon's circle he describ$ ) a bright knife1 on ! blade ( :i* 7 writt5 c]ta9 my/ic words4 ,necromancy gradually m]g$ into sorc]y1 :i* has occasionally come to ! surface 9 comp>atively rec5t ye>s4 ,*iromancy1 ! art ( div9+ or =etell+ future ev5ts f m>ks on ! palm ( ! h&1 0 also practis$ 9 antiquity1 b 9 m$ival times x 0 /rongly oppos$ by ! ,*ur*4 ,! practice is suppos$ to h be5 br\ght into ,europe f ! ,ea/ by ! ,bohemians 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,?is art ev5tually m]g$ into a/rology1 :i* ex]t$ ! greate/ influ5ce ( all ! occult sci5ces4 ,! antiquity ( a/rology is v great1 x hav+ be5 orig9at$ by ! ,*aldeans1 & 0 ?\ght by "s ( ! ,jews to h be5 a me?od by :i* ! ,creator c\ld communicate ) ,8 p4 ,! art itself 0 bas$ on a/ronomy1 &1 l al*emy1 0 ! beg9n+ ( ! /udy ( real natural sci5ce4 ,! tell] ( ! />s 0 n only suppos$ to =etell =?com+ mis=tunes to individuals1 b also to =eca/ ! de/9ies ( k+s & empires4 ,! belief 9 its p[] 0 s great t x became ! fa%ion among royal p]sonages ( ! sixte5? c5tury to keep _! own special a/rolog]s1 :o 7 lodg$ easy ( access & load$ ) hon\rs & weal?4 ,^! m5 7 mo/ly a/ute ,jews well v]s$ 9 ! sci5ce ( _! "t1 & by means ( _! suppos$ p[]s !y (t5 play$ a v important "p 9 ! political affairs ( ! nation4 ,?us 9 ! fifte5? c5tury ,rovigo1 an a/rolog] ( em95ce1 :o is said to h p]fect$ ! a/rolabe1 0 atta*$ to ! ,c\rt ( ,k+ ,john ,,ii4 ( ,portugal2 & ,simon ,ph>s figur$ at ! ,c\rt ( ,france 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ,,viii4 ,we mu/ n =get to m5tion ,cosmo ,ruggi]i1 ! ,flor5t9e a/rolog] & ! confidant ( ,ca!r9e de ,m$icis2 also ! celebrat$ ,no/radamus1 a/rolog] & tru/$ advis] ( ,*>les ,,ix4 ,?is extraord9>y man play$ a prom95t "p 9 ! hi/ory ( 8 "t1 & 0 suppos$ to practise magic & al*emy z well z ! heal+ art4 ,he 0 consult$ by ! k+ 9 all positions ( difficulty1 & x is said became imm5sely weal?y4 ,he di$ 9 #aeff at ,salon1 aft] hav+ writt5 sev]al notable works4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,=etell+4 ,! e>ly !ory ( ! art ( =etell+ by means ( ! />s1 & ca/+ horoscopes1 0 z foll[s3 ,! sev5 planets !n kn[n1 includ+ ! ,sun1 ) ! twelve figures ( ! ,zodiac1 compris$ ! a/rological sy/em4 ,ea* unit or body or nation 0 suppos$ to be gov]n$ or influ5c$ by a c]ta9 /> or con/ellation1 & ?is p[] ext5d$ to all ?+s connect$ ) ! p]son or nation4 ,?us1 ,saturn 0 suppos$ to influ5ce life1 sci5ces1 & build+s2 ,jupit]--hon\r1 wi%es1 & weal?2 ,m>s--w>s1 p]sons1 m>riages1 & qu>rels2 ! ,sun--hope1 ga91 & happ9ess2 ,v5us--love & fri5d%ip2 ,m]cury--fe>1 disease1 debts1 & comm]ce2 ! ,moon--robb]ies1 w\nds1 & dreams4 ,! intr9sic quality 0 d5ot$ by ! planet4 ,! ,sun 0 reg>d$ z fav\rable2 ,saturn1 cold2 ,jupit]1 temp]ate2 ,m>s1 ard5t2 ,v5us1 fruitful2 ,m]cury1 incon/ant2 ! ,moon1 melan*oly4 ,! days1 col\rs1 & metals also came "u ! same influ5ces4 ,9 ca/+ a horoscope1 ! a/ronom] _h fir/ to obs]ve if ! "t 0 propiti\s1 & :at planet 0 dom9ant 9 ! heav5s4 ,!n1 by means ( calculations & diagrams1 he w\ld d$uce ! consequ5ces f ! position & be>+ ( ! />s4 ,! day 0 divid$ into f\r equal p>ts--! asc5dant ( ! sun1 ! middle ( ! sky1 ! desc5d+ ( ! sun1 & ! l[] "p ( ! sky4 ,^! f\r p>ts ( ! day 7 subdivid$ into twelve di/9ct p>ts1 :i* 7 call$ ! twelve h\ses ( ! sun4 ,x 0 ( ! greate/ importance 9 draw+ a horoscope to tell exactly 9 :i* 8h\se0 ! /> appe>$4 ,"o c easily trace ! connection ( ! influ5ce attribut$ to ! planets ) ! old ,egyptian & ,greek my?ologies1 & x c h>dly be wond]$ at t ! same sy/em %\ld h be5 br\ght to be> on m$ic9e4 ,a fav\rite me?od ( div9ation1 especially ) ! sorc]]s1 0 t ( gaz+ into a b]yl or cry/al4 ,= ! prop] p]=mance ( ?is c]emony a pure virg9 or equally pure y\? %\ld be ! gaz]4 ,! sorc]]1 hav+ repeat$ ! necess>y *>ms & adjurations1 ) ! invocation suitable to ! spirits he wi%$ to consult1 look$ into a l>ge b]yl or cry/al1 :]e9 he saw ! answ] repres5t$ ei!r by types or by figures1 & sometimes x is said he might he> ! _s speak to him4 ,vallancey /ates t 9 ! ,highl&s ( ,scotl& l>ge cry/als ( some:at oval %ape 7 kept by ! prie/s to "w *>ms )1 & t wat] p\r$ on !m 0 giv5 to cattle z a prev5tive ( disease4 ,dr4 ,dee 0 a fam\s conjur] ) ! cry/al 9 ! "t ( ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,lilly describes ^! cry/als z be+ ! size ( an orange1 set 9 silv]1 surm\nt$ ) a cross1 & engrav$ all r\nd ) ! names ( ! angels--,raphael1 ,gabriel1 & ,uriel4 ,among o!r *>ms practis$ 0 ,dactylomancy1 :i* 0 p]=m$ by means ( a r+ susp5d$ by a ?read 9 ! c5tre ( an e>!nw>e or metal pit*]4 ,! r+1 :i* 0 suppos$ to h be5 made "u ! influ5ce ( a c]ta9 con/ellation1 0 swung f side to side ( ! vessel1 & ! s\nds x made on t\*+ 7 tak5 z pr$ictions & oracles4 ,! art ( div9ation by fire 0 call$ ,pyromancy1 & 0 p]=m$ by all[+ a c]ta9 body to burn1 ! smoke f :i*1 by its d5sity & col\r1 =eca/ ! future4 ,a fav\rite m$ium = consult+ ?is oracle 0 a donkey's head roa/$ on hot coals4 ,popul> belief 9 m$ival times attribut$ any?+ unusual or beyond its und]/&+1 to magic2 s mo/ ( ! e>ly al*emi/s 7 believ$ to be magicians4 ,bo? ,alb]tus ,magnus & ,rog] ,bacon 7 accus$ ( deal+ 9 ! black arts1 "o hav+ to resign 8 bi%opric ( ,cologne & retire to a mona/]y1 & ! o!r to ! ,franciscan cells 9 ,p>is1 to free !mselves f ! *>ges ( _! accus]s4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,black ,,magic4 ,geb]1 an al*emi/ ( great repute 9 ,arabia1 0 believ$ to possess ! p[] ( creat+ gold by magic4 ,he 0 a man ( und\bt$ le>n+ & a skilful practition] ( 8 "t1 yet he 0 dubb$ a sorc]]4 ,he 0 said to possess all k9ds ( extraord9>y implem5ts2 among o!rs1 a book ( black magic :i* gave him full p[] ov] demons1 & a brass idol :i* spoke oracles4 ,on ! day ( 8 dea?1 9 #ajjc1 ! ,evil ,"o is suppos$ to h c>ri$ him (f4 ,james ,iodoc1 an ,engli%man1 a*iev$ consid]able notoriety by claim+ t he _h succe$$ 9 sett+ ! demon 9 a magic r+4 ,^! m5 %\ld n be conf\nd$ ) ! ho/ ( impo/ors & *>latans :o simply prey$ on ! cr$ulity ( ! p1 b 9 ^? days all 7 judg$ alike4 ,mo/ ( ! great m$ival al*emi/s dabbl$ 9 magic1 & all agre$ t to obta9 ! int]v5tion ( ,satan 9 human affairs x 0 necess>y to ent] into a pact ) him4 ,^? :o w5t to ?is l5g? & became expon5ts ( demonology1 or ! black art1 7 initiat$ ) mu* solemnity4 ,,tak+ ,,! ,,oa?4 ,! oa? to ! demon _h to be pron\nc$ 9 ! c5tre ( a circle trac$ ^u ! gr\nd1 accompani$ by ! (f] ( "s pl$ge1 su* z a g>m5t ( ! noviciate4 ,! edge ( ! circle 0 suppos$ to e/abli% a m>k :i* ! demon c\ld n cross4 ,heavy p]fumes su* z v]va91 ) burn+ inc5se & light$ tap]s1 always =m$ "p ( ! c]emonial4 ,! smok+ brazi]1 :i* ent]$ l>gely into ! ritual1 0 believ$ to act ^u ! demons1 & 0 con/antly f$ ) all k9ds ( my/]i\s vegetable & animal sub/ances1 ^? t w\ld produce mo/ smoke be+ pref]r$4 ,x is said t belladonna & opium 7 always us$ z +r$i5ts 9 ! inc5se1 9 ord] to produce a /ate ( semi-/upor & influ5ce ! imag9ation4 ,! p]fumes employ$ by ! pr(essors ( ! art _h ea* a special significance1 & 7 (f]$ to "s planet to =m a l9k ) ! e>?4 ,a mixture ( saffron1 amb]1 musk1 cloves & inc5se1 toge!r ) ! bra9 ( an eagle & ! blood ( a cock1 0 (f]$ to ! ,sun4 ,! :ite poppy & camphor burnt 9 ! head ( a frog1 ) ! eyes ( a bull & ! blood ( a goose1 7 d$icat$ to ! ,moon2 :ile to ,m>s1 sulphur 0 mix$ ) hellebore & euphorbium1 toge!r ) ! blood ( a black cat & ! bra9 ( a cr[1 & !n burnt4 ,"o c imag9e ! horrible od\r t w\ld be caus$ by burn+ su* articles z ^!2 &1 z ! columns ( smoke asc5d$1 ! half-/upefi$ & sc>$ spectator fanci$ he saw ! =ms ( wri?+ demons 9 ! air4 ,v curi\s prop]ties 7 attribut$ to c]ta9 articles :5 ?r[n on live coals4 ,?us1 if ?und] & ra9 7 requir$1 ! liv] ( a *ameleon 0 said to produce x2 :ile ! gall ( a cuttle-fi% burnt ) roses & aloes-wood 0 all t 0 necess>y to induce an e>?quake4 ,by burn+ cori&]1 p>sley1 hemlock1 liquor ( black poppy1 giant f5nel1 r$ s&al-wood & h5bane1 almo/ any numb] ( demons c\ld be rais$4 ,sorc]]s ( ?is class 7 call$ tempe/-rais]s4 ,) ! wit*craft practis$ l>gely by wom5 9 m$ival times1 we h n mu* to d2 al?\gh belief 9 its influ5ce 0 widespread dur+ ! middle ages4 ,to bewit* an individual 0 to cause him gradually to die a my/]i\s dea?4 ,! process comm5c$ at fir/ ) great secrecy1 by modell+ a figure ( ! int5d$ victim 9 wax or clay4 ,?is hav+ be5 done1 a swall[ 0 kill$1 & ! he>t plac$ "u ! "r arm ( ! figure & ! liv] "u ! left4 ,! effigy 0 next prick$ all ov] ) new ne$les1 ea* prick be+ accompani$ by ! mo/ t]rible imprecations aga9/ ! victim4 ,ano!r me?od 0 to make ! figure ( e>? tak5 f a gravey>d & mix$ ) dead bones4 ,c]ta9 my/ic signs 7 !n inscrib$ on x1 :i* 7 said ev5tually to cause ! dea? ( ! victim4 ,s g5]al did ! practice ( wit*craft become t no class ( society 0 safe f accusation & suspicion1 ?\s&s p]i%+ by ! faggot & torture4 ,f ! f\rte5? to ! sixte5? c5tury1 sup]natural beliefs ex]t$ a great influ5ce on ! p4 ,"o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ trials ( ! "t 0 t ( ! ,du*ess ( ,gl\ce/]1 :o 0 accus$ ( bewit*+ ,h5ry ,,vi4 ,x transpir$ at ! trial t %e _h in/ruct$ a prie/1 nam$ ,bol+broke :o practis$ necromancy1 to bewit* ! k+2 a sorc]ess nam$ ,m>ie ,g>dima9 be+ also implicat$4 ,an effigy ( ! k+ 9 wax 0 discov]$ half-melt$ 9 front ( a fire ( dry plants1 :i* _h be5 ga!r$ by moonlight 9 a gravey>d4 ,bol+broke ! necromanc] 0 hang$1 ,g>dima9 burnt1 & ! ,du*ess ( ,gl\ce/] condemn$ to imprisonm5t = life4 ,! 8evil eye0 0 ano!r =m ( wit*craft1 mo/ly practis$ by wom54 ,visions or app>itions 9 ! sky1 =etell+ "s w> or disa/]1 7 firmly believ$ 9 by ! ,*ur*1 & caus$ great con/]nation4 ,fi]y dragons appe>+ 9 ! heav5s 7 said to pr$ict civil w>2 & we also read ( pigs be>+ royal cr[ns1 & gory />s1 all ( :i* 7 d\btless caus$ by ord9>y ph5om5a n und]/ood at t "t4 ,! appe>ance ( ! devil presid+ at a sabba? or meet+ ( sorc]]s is ?us describ$ by ,de ,lancre3 8,he is seat$ 9 a black *air ) a cr[n ( black horns1 two horns 9 8 neck1 & "o on ! =ehead1 :i* %$s light on ! assembly2 ! hair bri/l+1 ! face pale & exhibit+ signs ( uneas9ess1 ! eyes r\nd1 l>ge1 & fully op5$1 inflam$ & hide\s1 ) a goat's be>d4 ,! neck & ! re/ ( ! body de=m$1 & 9 ! %ape ( a man & a goat2 ! h&s & ! feet ( a human be+40 ,! ^w wit* is ?\ght by "s au?orities to be d]iv$ f *ausaph1 :i* means a us] ( ph>maceutic en*antm5ts1 or an appli] ( drugs to magical purposes4 ,wit*es s5t /orms & b>r5ness1 dr[n$ *ildr51 br\ght on ague1 c\ld kill ) evil eye1 slay ) lightn+1 pass ?r\gh key-holes1 ride ?r\gh ! air on broom-/icks1 & p]=m _m o!r weird & wondr\s ?+s4 8,!y 7 g5]ally old1 ble>-ey$1 wr9kl$ dames10 says ,scott1 8ugly & crippl$1 frequ5tly papi/s1 & sometimes a!i/s2 ( cross-gra9$ temp]s & cynical dispositions40 ,!y 7 (t5 poison]s1 & g5]ally monomaniacs4 ,epilepsy & all diseases n und]/ood by ! physicians 7 set d[n to ! influ5ce ( wit*es4 ,!y 7 said to make two cov5ants ) ! devil1 "o public & "o private4 ,!n ! novices 7 pres5t$ to ! devil 9 p]son1 & in/ruct$ to r5\nce ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 tread on ! ,cross1 break ! fa/s1 jo9+ h&s ) ,satan1 pay+ him homage1 & yield+ him body & s\l4 ,"s wit*es sold !mselves = a t]m ( ye>s1 & "s = ev]2 !n !y kiss$ ! devil1 & sign$ _! bond ) blood1 & a banquet end$ ! meet+2 _! dances be+ accompani$ ) %\ts ( 8,ha1 ha6 devil1 devil6 ,dance "h1 dance "h6 ,play "h1 play "h6 ,sabba?1 sabba?60 ,be=e !y dep>t$ ! devil 0 said to give !m philtres & amulets4 ,^! wom5 7 usually hypo*ondriacs1 (t5 driv5 by despair & mis=tune to confess any *>ge made aga9/ !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,sup]/ition ,,& ,,its ,,influ5ce ,,on ,,m$ic9e4 ,sup]/ition is a belief 9 :at is :olly opposite to ! laws ( ! physical & moral _w1 & yet suppos$ to be atta9able by sup]natural ag5cy4 ,! words incantation & *>m seem to h be5 d]iv$ f ! anci5t practice ( cur+ diseases by poetry & music4 ,democritus says t _m diseases are capable ( be+ cur$ by ! s\nd ( a flute :5 prop]ly play$4 ,m>ianus ,capellus assures u also t fev]s may be cur$ by suitable songs4 ,gal5 believ$ ! s\nd ( ! flute efficaci\s 9 g\t & epilepsy4 ,asclepiades actually employ$ ! trumpet = ! relief ( sciatica1 & tells u x is to be cont9u$ until ! fibres ( ! "p beg9 to palpitate1 :5 ! pa9 w vani%4 ,:at t]rible visions might be conjur$ up if su* rem$ies 7 us$ to-day4 ,! influ5ce ( sup]/ition on m$ic9e may be acc\nt$ = by ! fact1 t f ! v fir/1 ideas ) reg>d to ! action ( drugs mu/ h be5 comb9$ ) ^? conc]n+ sup]natural ag5cies1 = ! ph5om5a ( nature 9 v e>ly times 7 attribut$ to spirits4 ,diseases 7 suppos$ to be due to an evil _s1 !re=e to ca/ ! disease out 0 equival5t to cur+ x1 & ! me?ods us$ = ?is purpose 7 by no means always ineffective 9 cur+ disease4 ,incantations & spells 7 g5]ally us$ 9 addition to a real rem$ial ag5t1 b ! incantations usually got ! cr$it = effect+ ! cure4 ,9 e>ly times sup]/ition play$ an important "p 9 ! cure ( disease1 & x prevails to a c]ta9 ext5t to-day4 8,9 ! op9ion ( ! ignorant multitude10 says ,"l ,bacon1 8wit*es & impo/ors h always held a competition ) physicians40 ,!re has ev] be5 a peculi> prop5sity 9 ! human m9d to fo/] a belief 9 ! sup]natural1 & p]haps m especially 9 respect to m$ic9e on acc\nt ( ! obscurity & ignorance ) :i* x 0 once surr\nd$4 ,9 e>ly times almo/ e disease 0 attribut$ to puni%m5t = evil-do+1 ! work+ ( "s demon1 or ! influ5ce ( ! />s2 h5ce ! use ( any article t 0 /range or r>e z a rem$y4 8,! employm5t ( preci\s /ones = m$ic9al purposes10 writes ,de ,boot1 8arises f an ,arab sup]/ition :i* suppos$ !m to be ! resid5ce ( spirits40 ,!y 7 fir/ us$ z amulets1 & !n gradually came to be adm9i/]$ inw>dly = v>i\s ailm5ts4 8,my/]y is ! v s\l ( empiricism10 says ,p>is2 8)draw ! veil1 & ! confid5ce ( ! pati5t in/antly langui%es40 ,a prop5sity to attribute e ord9>y & natural effect to extraord9>y & unnatural causes1 is "o ( ! /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( m$ical sup]/ition4 ,! prop]ties t h]bs possess$ 7 attribut$ by ! old physicians to ! planets :i* 7 suppos$ to influ5ce !m1 & our m$ical m5 to ?is day head _! prescriptions ) a sign t orig9ally meant an invocation to ,jupit]1 :i* is a surviv+ relic ( ?is old sup]/iti\s practice4 ,ano!r v curi\s fact ) respect to m$ical sup]/ition is1 t _m ( ! greate/ philosoph]s 7 firm believ]s 9 x4 ,"l ,bacon is said to h believ$ 9 ! exi/5ce ( a panacea t w\ld prolong life beyond its natural t]m4 ,he consid]$ t ! pr9cipal cause ( dea? 0 ! action ( ! ext]nal air 9 dry+ & exhau/+ ! body1 :i* he ?\ght might be prev5t$ by nitre2 b al?\gh he took ?ree gra9s ( 8 fav\rite salt e morn+ = ! la/ ?irty ye>s ( 8 life1 he di$ at ! age ( sixty-six4 ,we h _m cu/oms at ! pres5t day :i* are a survival ( ! days ( sup]/ition1 & few h any idea ( _! orig94 ,! "m1 :5 %e hangs r\nd ! neck ( h] *ild ! play?+ kn[n z a coral & bells1 little imag9es %e is p]petuat+ an anci5t sup]/iti\s practice4 ,! soo?say]s attribut$ _m my/ic prop]ties to coral1 & x 0 believ$ to w>d (f ! evil eye1 & drive away devils & evil spirits4 ,= ?is purpose x 0 susp5d$ f a *ild's neck z an amulet4 ,pl9y & ,dioscorides greatly e/eem$ ! m$ic9al prop]ties ( coral1 & ,p>acelsus recomm5ds t x %\ld be worn ar\nd ! necks ( infants to keep away fits1 sorc]y1 *>ms1 & to s]ve z an antidote to poisons4 ,! bells usually susp5d$ to x 7 orig9ally int5d$ to fright5 away evil spirits1 & n to amuse ! *ild alone4 ,p>is m5tions a curi\s circum/ance1 viz41 t ! same sup]/iti\s belief %\ld exi/ among ! negroes ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 :o affirm t ! col\r ( coral is always affect$ by ! /ate ( heal? ( ! we>]1 x becom+ pal] 9 disease4 ,b all ! rem$ies t orig9at$ 9 sup]/ition 7 n entirely useless4 ,"s1 :e!r by accid5t or n1 _h a natural p[] ( efficacy1 & l$ to discov]ies ( importance4 ,9 ! "t ( ,james ,i41 a p[d] kn[n z ! sympa!tic p[d] ( ,sir ,k5elm ,digby _h a great reputation = heal+ w\nds4 ,:5ev] a w\nd _h be5 inflict$1 ?is p[d] 0 appli$ to ! weapon :i* _h caus$ x1 :i* 0 also sme>$ ) o9tm5t & dress$ two or ?ree times a day4 ,! w\nd itself 0 direct$ to be br\ght toge!r & c>efully b\nd up ) clean l95 rags1 b above all to be let alone = sev5 days1 at ! end ( :i* "t x 0 g5]ally f\nd to be heal$4 ,?is 01 ( c\rse1 said to be due to ! wond]ful prop]ties ( ! sympa!tic p[d]1 in/ead ( ! fact ( exclud+ ! air f ! "p & n int]f]+ ) nature's own heal+ p[]s4 ,! my/]i\s sympa!tic heal+ p[d] 0 aft]w>ds said to be simply calc9$ gre5 vitriol4 ,! ru/ ( ! spe> ( ,telephus1 allud$ to by ,hom] z a cure = ! w\nds :i* t weapon inflict$1 0 probably v]digris1 & l$ to ! discov]y ( its use z a surgical dress+4 ,! cures suppos$ to be p]=m$ by royal t\* %[ ! p[] ( fai? ov] desire1 or m9d ov] matt]4 ,! royal surgeons :o introduc$ ! pati5ts to be t\*$ = scr(ula1 d\btless took c>e to *oose ^? :o _h a t5d5cy to recov]1 & :o1 if left to nature1 w\ld probably h gradually recov]$4 ,boswell says t ,dr4 ,johnson1 :5 ?irty mon?s old1 0 tak5 by 8 "m to ,london to be t\*$ by ,que5 ,anne1 on ! advice ( ,sir ,john ,floy]1 a physician ( ,li*field4 ,f "t immemorial ! ignorant h _h ! mo/ unb\nd$ confid5ce 9 nause\s rem$ies1 & x w\ld seem z if ! na/i] & m disgu/+ ! m$ic9es 71 ! great] fai? !y _h 9 !m4 ,! l>g] ! price ask$1 ! m implicit ! fai? seem$ to be4 ,! ,collyrium ( ,dan>es1 a fam\s quack eye lotion1 0 sold at ,con/ant9ople = #i a bottle1 & ! elixirs sold by ,p>acelsus & ,van ,helmont br\ght extortionate prices4 ,! doctr9e ( ,signatories1 z x 0 call$1 is ( v great antiquity4 ,x impli$ t e natural sub/ance :i* possesses any m$ic9al virtues1 indicates1 by an obvi\s & well-m>k$ ext]nal "*1 ! disease = :i* x is a rem$y4 ,?us ! blood/one 0 us$ to /op ble$+1 on acc\nt ( its m>ks resembl+ drops ( blood4 ,! root ( ! m&rake1 on acc\nt ( its resemblance to ! human =m1 0 us$ z a rem$y = /]ility4 ,turm]ic 0 adm9i/]$ = jaundice1 & poppies = diseases ( ! head4 ,ano!r belief ( ! anci5ts 0 t all poison\s bodies possess$ a p[]ful attraction = "o ano!r1 & t 8l w\ld cure l04 ,! hair ( a mad dog 0 worn z a *>m to prev5t hydrophobia1 & ! foot ( ! ape 0 us$ z a rem$y = its bite4 ,on ! same pr9ciple we are solemnly assur$ t ?ree scruples ( ! a%es ( a wit*1 aft] %e has be5 well & c>efully burnt at ! /ake1 is a sure protection aga9/ ! evil effects ( wit*craft4 ,_m anci5t sup]/itions are s deeply root$ t !y f9d believ]s among ! educat$ at ! pres5t day4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! belief t _m p h 9 ! efficacy ( r$ flannel4 ,= sore ?roat1 rheumatism1 or swell+1 !y believe x w cure :5 flannel ( no o!r col\r w4 ,?is belief may be trac$ to ! col\r ( ! clo? (t5 us$ 9 incantations1 :i* 0 always r$4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry a w$d+-r+ is /ill believ$ to be a univ]sal cure = sore eyes4 ,a curi\s sup]/ition is /ill practis$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,wales = ! cure ( ! compla9t call$ %+les4 ,! t]m = %+les 9 ,wel% means 8,! ,eagle40 ,x 0 suppos$ 9 anci5t times t if a p]son ate ( ! fle% ( ! eagle he w\ld nev] suff] f %+les1 & 8 direct desc5dants d[n to ! n9? g5]ation c\ld n contract x1 & fur!rmore _h ! p[] transmitt$ to !m ( cur+ o!rs s afflict$ by bl[+ on !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,love ,,philtres4 ,love ,philtres 7 adm9i/]$ = ! purpose ( inspir+ affection or hatr$4 ,9 v e>ly times !y 7 frequ5tly us$1 concoct$1 & sold by ! magicians or sorc]]s1 :o (t5 obta9$ l>ge sums ( money 9 ex*ange1 f amor\sly-incl9$ gallants & maid5s4 ,!y 7 compos$ ( v>i\s extraord9>y +r$i5ts us$ 9 m$ic9e at ! "t1 & 7 ei!r 9 ! =m ( a p[d]1 :i* 0 to be surreptiti\sly slipp$ into an article ( food to be swall[$1 or 9 a liquid = ano9t+ ! clo!s or h&s1 & by ?+s to be held 9 ! m\?4 ,x is record$ t "s sorc]]s ev5 us$ ! ,ho/1 ^u :i* !y trac$ lett]s ( blood4 ,! foll[+ 7 also us$ 9 ! prep>ation ( philtres3 ! entrails ( animals1 fea!rs ( birds1 scales ( fi%es1 p>+s ( nails1 p[d]$ load/ones1 & human blood4 ,x is little wond] !y excit$ hatr$4 ,! poculum amatorium or love philtre ( ! ,romans1 & ! philtron ( ! ,greeks1 7 v5]at$ ) sup]/iti\s awe 9 e>ly times4 ,!y became us$ to su* an ext5t by ! =m] nation "u ! fir/ emp]ors1 t a decree 0 promulgat$ "u ! ,roman crim9al law :]eby love philtres 7 deem$ z poison1 & ! puni%m5t inflict$ on ^? us+ !m 0 v sev]e4 ,hairs f a wolf's tail1 ! bones ( ! left side ( a toad :i* _h be5 eat5 by ants 7^? ( ! "r side 7 us$ to cause hatr$71 ! blood ( pigeons1 skeletons ( snakes1 ! entrails ( animals1 & o!r equally disgu/+ ?+s1 7 includ$ z +r$i5ts 9 ,roman love philtres4 ,pl9y /ates1 t !re 7 also philtres = qu5*+ love4 ,?us1 8if a ne/ ( "y swall[s is plac$ 9 a box & buri$1 on be+ dug up aft] a few days x w be f\nd t "s ( ! birds h di$ ) _! beaks clos$1 :ile o!rs die z if gasp+ = brea?04 ,! latt] 7 us$ = excit+ love1 & ! =m] = produc+ ! opposite effect4 ,horace recomm5ds a bone torn f a hungry & voraci\s dog1 & ,virgil describes a complete app>atus :]e) a maid5 seeks to recov] ! affections ( a fai?less lov]4 ,! e>ly ,greek & ,roman magicians us$ 8hippomanes10 :i* 0 ! lump ( fle% f\nd 9 ! head ( a colt newly foal$1 z an +r$i5t 9 _! philtres4 ,ab\t ! sixte5? c5tury philtres came to be comp\nd$ & sold by ! apo!c>ies1 :o d\btless d]iv$ f !m a lucrative pr(it4 ,fav\rite +r$i5ts ) ^! lat] practition]s 7 m&ragora1 can?>ides1 & v]va91 :i* 7 suppos$ to h ,satanic prop]ties4 ,!y 7 mix$ ) o!r h]bs said to h an aphrodisiac effect2 also man's gall1 ! eyes ( a black cat1 & ! blood ( a lapw+1 bat1 or goat4 ,9 ,gay's ,%eph]ds' ,week ref]5ce is ?us made to love philtres3-- 8,/rait to ! 'po!c>y's %op ,i w5t1 ,& 9 love p[d] all my money sp5t2 ,behap :at w next ,sunday aft] pray]s ,:5 to ! aleh\se ,lubb]k9 repairs1 ,^! flies into 8 mug ,i'll ?r[1 ,& soon ! swa9 ) f]v5t love %all gl[04 8,botanomancy10 ,f]r& /ates1 8:i* is done by ! noise or crackl+ t kneeholme1 box1 or bay leaves make :5 !y are cru%$ betwixt "o's h&s or ca/ into ! fire1 0 ( old 9 use among ! pagans1 :o 7 wont to bruise poppy fl[]s betwixt _! h&s1 & by ?is means ?9k+ to "k _! loves40 ,a ,,*>me ,,or ,,an ,,allay ,,= ,,love4 8,if s be a toad be laid ,9 a %eepsk9 newly flaid1 ,& t ty'd to man 'twill sev] ,him & 8 affections ev]40--,h]rick's ,hesp]ides4 ,! w+$ ant 0 ano!r fav\rite +r$i5t 9 love philtres1 & 0 fir/ us$ by ,rhazes1 :o prep>$ ! w+$ ant 9 ! =m ( t9cture by mac]ation 9 alcohol4 ,?is t9cture1 dropp$ 9 ! homopa?ic mann] into w9e or mix$ ) food1 0 suppos$ to h a wond]ful action 9 produc+ symptoms ( ! t5d] passion 9 ! colde/ he>ts4 ,! w+$ ants alone 7 us$ 9 ?is prep>ation1 :i* enjoy$ a long reputation1 & 0 subsequ5tly kn[n z 8,h(fmann's ,wat] ( ,magnanimity10 & l>gely us$ 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury z an aphrodisiac4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,pione]s ,,( ,,ph>macy ,,& ,,botany--,,physic ,,g>d5s4 ,! op]ation ( di/illation 0 unkn[n to ! anci5t ,greeks & ,romans1 al?\gh ,dioscorides & ,pl9y describe a process :i* may be consid]$ t ( di/illation 9 its infancy4 ,! process 0 n kn[n 9 ,engl& until ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,ii4 ,to ! ,arabs we are indebt$ = ! discov]y ( manna1 cassia1 s5na1 & rhub>b1 also aromatics1 su* z musk1 nutmeg1 mace1 & cloves4 ,bli/]s 7 kn[n & us$ by ! ,arabs1 :o are ! fir/ also on record to m5tion sug> extract$ f ! cane1 & sug>-c&y1 :i* !y call$ honey ( cane4 ,rhazes & ,avic5na 7 ! fir/ physicians to introduce improvem5ts 9 ph>maceutical prep>ations4 ,! latt] 0 ! fir/ to m5tion ! ?ree m9]al acids1 & di/+ui% betwe5 vegetable & m9]al alkalies4 ,9 ! ye> #abbf1 ,rog] ,bacon1 a native ( ,il*e/]1 9 ,som]set%ire1 & a ,franciscan monk1 may be said to h laid ! f\ndation ( *emical sci5ce 9 ,europe4 ,he 0 excommunicat$ by ,pope ,ni*olas1 & imprison$ = t5 ye>s = suppos$ deal+s ) ! devil4 ,he pr(ess$ to h discov]$ an elixir ( life1 :i* he affirm$ prev5t$ corruption ( any con/itution & ! infirmities ( age = _m ye>s4 ,foll[+ ,bacon1 at ! end ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 came ,arnoldas de ,villa ,nova1 or ,vill5euve1 :o 0 ! fir/ to recomm5d ! di/ill$ _s ( w9e impregnat$ ) c]ta9 h]bs1 f :i* we date our use ( t9ctures 9 m$ic9e4 ,basil ,val5t9e foll[$ z a pione] 9 ! adm9i/ration ( metallic m$ic9es2 he made volatile alkali f sal-ammoniac1 & notic$ ! production ( e!r f alcohol4 ,9 ! ye> #adic1 ,phillipus ,!ophra/us1 ,bomba/ ( ,hoh5heim1 aft]w>ds kn[n z ,p>acelsus1 0 born ne> ,zuri* 9 ,switz]l&1 a man ( extraord9>y conceit & boldness1 b :o wr\ght a great] *ange & influ5ce 9 mat]ia m$ica ?an any physician s9ce ! "t ( ,gal54 ,he travell$ all ov] ,europe1 & s obta9$ an ext5sive k ( *emi/ry & m$ic9e4 ,?is g5ius ( sci5ce & quack]y1 = su* ,p>acelsus mu/ be t]m$1 :o sc(f$ at all ! doctr9es believ$ 9 s9ce ! "t ( ,hippocrates1 pr(ess$ to h receiv$ 8 k f ! ,div9e ,be+ ,himself4 ,8 %e] impud5ce c>ri$ ! sympa?ies ( ! public ) him1 & !y kiss$ ! skirts ( 8 g[n z he pass$ ?r\gh ! /reets1 :il/ he _h among 8 foll[]s _m pr9ces & nobles4 ,he d5\nc$ ! apo!c>ies1 :o1 he said1 8c\ld only compose insipid syrups & repulsive concoctions1 :5 !y h ready to h& at ! bottom ( _! /ills1 extracts & dyes d]iv$ f ! be/ vegetables & m9]als04 ,he disagre$ ) ! doctors also1 ^: prescriptions he /igmatis$ z b>b>\s1 & 0 mu* aga9/ ! use ( correctives be+ add$ to ph>maceutical recipes :5 !y _h no natural relation to ! prep>ation itself4 ,he believ$ 9 ! exi/5ce ( an active pr9ciple 9 plants1 :i* he t]m$ ! 8,e!r ( ,ari/otle10 t c\ld be isolat$ & us$ to av]t ! v>i\s disord]s ( ! human body--an idea :i* is n[ ! lead+ _s 9 ph>maceutical rese>*4 ,8 lab\rs did mu* to /imulate ! practical side ( *emi/ry1 ?\gh 8 language 0 my/]i\s1 z1 l o!r al*emi/s1 he wrapp$ up all 8 wisdom & 8 ignorance 9 ! g>b ( allegory4 ,he 0 report$ to c>ry ab\t a famili> _s 9 ! pommel ( a long sword t always hung at 8 side4 ,p>acelsus is said to h be5 ! fir/ to use m]cury int]nally2 he also employ$ opium1 antimony1 & lead l>gely 9 8 treatm5t2 & devis$ a process = ! prep>ation ( r$ oxide ( m]cury4 ,he 0 s5t = to _m ( ! ,european ,c\rts1 & by ! int]e/ ( ,erasmus 0 made ,pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry at ,bale1 ! fir/ *air t 0 e/abli%$ 9 ,europe4 ,x 0 "h :ile seat$ 9 8 *air1 t ) arrogant impud5ce he burnt ) great solemnity ! writ+s ( ,gal5 & ,avic5na1 say+ t 8if ,god w\ld n imp>t ! secrets ( physic1 x 0 n only all[able1 b 0 ju/ifiable1 to consult ! devil04 ,he _h ! greate/ contempt = 8 fell[ physicians1 & said he _h m k 9 ! v d[n on 8 bald pate ?an 0 9 all _! writ+s1 & 9 ! buckles ( 8 %oes !re 0 m le>n+ ?an 9 ,gal5 & ,avic5na1 & 9 8 be>d m exp]i5ce ?an all _! univ]sities4 ,! man 0 a mass ( conceit & egotism1 yet fe>$ & lik$ by ! p = 8 boldness4 ,latt]ly he took to dr9k+ heavily1 seldom tak+ (f 8 clo!s = _m nights toge!r4 ,at l5g? he broke d[n1 & ! end came at ! age ( =ty-eight1 :5 ?is s+ul> man di$ aft] a few h\rs' illness at ,saltzburg1 9 ,au/ria1 a bottle ( 8 boa/$ panacea = all ills be+ f\nd 9 8 pocket4 ,he believ$ ! human body to be compos$ ( salt1 sulphur1 & m]cury1 & t 9 ^! 8?ree fa/ sub/ances0 heal? & disease consi/4 ,to give ,p>acelsus 8 due1 al?\gh empiricism & quack]y 7 ! *ief elem5ts 9 8 c>e]1 he ex]t$ an und\bt$ influ5ce on ! m$ical practice ( 8 "t1 & ) all 8 egotism did 8 be/ to advance ! sci5ce & art ( m$ic9e4 ,! next pione] 0 ,van ,helmont1 :o fl\ri%$ "s hundr$ ye>s lat]4 ,he 0 ! fir/ to notice ! exi/5ce ( gases1 also to use alum 9 ut]9e hmorrhage1 ?r\gh :i* he acquir$ a great reputation4 ,little 0 kn[n ( mat]ia m$ica by ! nations ( ! ,we/ f ! eigh? to ! t5? c5tury4 ,! *ief cultivation ( m$ic9al h]bs took place 9 ! mona/]ies1 ea* hav+ its own botanical g>d51 :i* contribut$ mu* to ! progress ( m$ic9e4 ,at ?is "t ! k ( ! m$ic9al value ( h]bs & roots 0 mu* m advanc$ 9 ! ,ea/1 & we f9d t dur+ ! reign ( ,almans\r1 9 ! eigh? c5tury1 a l>ge s*ool 0 f\nd$ at ,bagdad1 :i* became a refuge = sci5ti/s :5 exil$ f ,a!ns & ,alex&ria4 ,! works ( ,ari/otle & ,gal5 7 translat$ into ,syriac1 & ! greate/ g5]osity & enc\ragem5t 7 %[n to savants :o settl$ !re4 ,be=e ?is ! ,arabs _h consid]able k ( ! use ( plants 9 m$ic9e1 & _h made "s valuable discov]ies4 ,_! physicians recomm5d$ ! use ( s5na1 tam>9ds1 & cassia 9 place ( ! viol5t purgatives us$ by ! ,greek physicians1 & a numb] ( new plants 7 introduc$ by ,rhazes f ,india1 ,p]sia1 & ,syria4 ,mesu wrote 8 treatise on m$ic9e 7,de ,rem$ica71 :i*1 on be+ translat$ into ,lat91 0 us$ z a manual 9 all ! s*ools up to ! ,r5aissance4 ,con/ant9e 0 ! fir/ to introduce ! mo/ not$ ,arabic works into ,europe1 himself a writ] ( no little repute4 ,!n sev]al ,arab travell]s add$ to ! /ore ( k2 among ^!1 ,ebor-,taitor1 a native ( ,malaga1 travell$ 9 ,asia to /udy plants1 & ev5tually became m9i/] ( ! ,caliph at ,cairo4 ,o?o1 ( ,cremona1 9 a poem ( #aejj l9es1 contribut$ 8 k ( plants1 & ,john ( ,milan1 9 8 ,code ( ! ,s*ool ( ,sal]no1 compil$ ! discov]ies ( a c5tury 9 m$ical botany4 ,com+ to ! twelf? c5tury1 sci5tific progress 0 n s rapid1 yet all ! inve/igation t 0 made orig9at$ 9 ! /udy ( m$ic9e4 ,mo/ ( ! mona/]ies & conv5ts besides _! botanical g>d5s1 _h collections ( m9]als & animals1 :i* 7 c>efully wat*$ & t5d$1 & ! monks & nuns w\ld n only adm9i/] to ! sick ( _! own ord]s1 b also to ! suff]+ :o claim$ _! *>ity4 ,once lodg$ !re1 ! treatm5t 0 good & :olesome1 & consi/$ mo/ly ( decoctions ( simples1 back$ up by good kit*5 m$ic9e1 quietness1 & re/4 ,"o or two monks :o _h a special k ( h]bs 7 usually allott$ to ?is dep>tm5t4 ,x c !n h>dly be wond]$ at1 t dur+ ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies mo/ ( ! records we h ( m$ic9e are f works by ! bre?r5 ( ! mona/]ies4 ,an excell5t collection ( recipes1 compris+ also a summ>y ( plants1 animals1 & m9]als 0 compil$ by ,hildeg>de1 ,abbess ( ,b+51 & call$ ! ,j>d9 de ,sant4 ,?is good lady1 l _m o!r abbesses ( h] "t1 0 mu* int]e/$ 9 ! art ( heal+4 ,%e cultivat$ h] own m$ic9al plants1 & c>efully not$ d[n _! prop]ties = ! use ( o!rs1 & ?us left a valuable record4 ,9 ! ?irte5? c5tury an advance 0 made 9 mat]ia m$ica by ,gilb]t & ,h]nicus ,arviell1 two ,engli%m5 :o travell$ ?r\gh ,asia to /udy plants & _! uses4 ,simon de ,cordo1 call$ ,simon ( ,g5oa1 also took a botanis+ exploration into ,sicily & ! isl&s ( ! ,ar*ipelago1 & aft]w>ds wrote a botanic diction>y4 ,ano!r em95t botani/ ( ?is p]iod 0 ,pet] de ,cresc5zi1 a man ( good bir? & =tune1 :o 0 born at ,bologna 9 #accj1 & :o greatly int]e/$ himself 9 botany & horticulture4 ,8 great "w1 :i* 0 translat$ into sev]al languages1 0 call$ ,opus ,rub>ium ,commodorum4 ,contempor>y ) ,pet] 7 ?ree names we mu/ n omit1 viz41 ,v9c5t de ,beauvais1 ,alb]tus ,magnus1 & ,arnaud de ,vill5euve1 :o pr(ess$ a k ( al*emy1 a/rology1 & physic4 ,v9c5t de ,beauvais 0 a ,dom9ican monk1 & 8 great "w1 ! ,speculum ,naturale1 is saturat$ ) ! sup]/ition ( ! "t4 ,9 ?is book he /ates1 8! m&ragora is ( ! same %ape z ! human body2 ! w+$ dragon is capable ( c>ry+ (f an ox1 & dev\r+ ! same :il/ fly+04 ,he also describes ! scy?ion lamb1 a sort ( animal plant :i* _h roots & grew 9 ! gr\nd1 & o!r fe>some creatures1 & decl>$ t 89 ,scotl& ! fruits ( c]ta9 trees1 :5 !y fall into ! wat]1 produce ! birds call$ black div]s04 ,vill5euve wrote _m treatises on plants & animals1 & ev5tually became tea*] ( m$ic9e & botany at ! ,univ]sity ( ,p>is4 ,he 0 und\bt$ly a man 9 advance ( 8 "t1 & boldly decl>$ 8t ! mo/ solemn my/]ies ( ! ,ca?olic fai? c\ld be expla9$ by ! tea*+s ( natural hi/ory & exp]im5tal physics04 ,he 0 !re=e accus$ by ! magi/rates ( sorc]y & magic1 b escap$ ?r\gh ! special protection ( ,*>les ( ,anj\ into ,italy1 :]e he settl$ = a long "t4 ,! f\rte5? c5tury saw little advance 9 ! m$ical art1 b x 0 enri*$ by "o or two great works4 ,"o ( ^!1 writt5 9 ,lat9 by ,b>?olomew ,glanvil1 an ,engli% monk1 0 a k9d ( encyclopdia ( imm5se size1 & 0 call$ ,lib] de ,proprietatibus ,r]um1 & _h a great reputation = c5turies aft]w>ds4 ,! adv5t ( pr9t+ ab\t ! middle ( ! fifte5? c5tury rapidly spread ! k ( m rec5t discov]ies ?r\gh\t ,europe1 & _m l>ge works on botany & h]balism1 illu/rat$ ) woodcuts1 7 publi%$ at ,may5ce & ,l\va94 ,at ,v5ice _m ( ! works ( ! old ,arab physicians1 ,avic5na1 ,mesu1 & o!rs1 7 pr9t$ & eag]ly pur*as$4 ,! discov]y ( ,am]ica 9 #adib h]ald$ ! introduction ( num]\s fre% additions to mat]ia m$ica1 :i* 7 br\ght to ?is c\ntry by explor]s & naturali/s4 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 by ! lab\rs & rese>*es ( ,george ,agricola1 a ,g]man1 & ,conrad ,gesn]1 a ,swiss1 a consid]able advance 0 made 9 ! k ( :at 0 call$ *emical m$ic9e & botany4 ,agricola1 :o 0 ! greate/ m9]alogi/ ! _w _h !n se51 explor$ & sp5t mu* "t 9 ! m9es ( ,bohemia & ,saxony1 & ?us obta9$ a practical k ( ! !n kn[n me?ods ( ! work+ ( metals4 ,8 contempor>y1 ,conrad ,gesn]1 born at ,zuri* 9 #aeaf1 has be5 call$ ! orig9ator ( sci5tific botany1 z he 0 ! fir/ to discov] a me?od ( recognis+ ea* g5us & k9d by exam9+ ! organs ( fructification1 & 9 ?is way discov]$ #ahjj new v>ieties4 ,a fam\s physic g>d5 0 plant$ 9 ,p>is 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury by ,jacques ,gohory1 an en?usia/ic ph>maci/1 & ?is g>d5 ev5tually became "p ( ! ,j>d9 des ,plantes4 ,9 connection ) ?is g>d5 a s*ool ( m$ic9e 0 f\nd$1 ! fir/ occupant ( ! *air ( *emi/ry be+ ,william ,davisson1 a ,scot*man1 & pr$ecessor to ,lefebvre1 :o aft]w>ds became a *emi/ at ,/4 ,james's4 ,! practice ( ! tea*]s ( ?is "t 0 to dictate to _! /ud5ts1 & 9 ord] to save !mselves ! tr\ble ( dictat+ & ! /ud5ts ! tr\ble ( writ+1 :i* 0 a v labori\s matt] 9 ^? days1 ! lectur] w\ld write a book4 ,?us ,jean ,begu9 wrote a *emical text-book 9 #afab1 :i* pass$ ?r\gh no few] ?an fifty-?ree editions4 ,we mu/ n omit to m5tion two o!r pione]s ( ?is p]iod1 :o made important discov]ies 9 botany2 !y 7 ,mat?ias ( ,lille1 :o ev5tually settl$ 9 ,engl&1 & ,&rew ,cesalp91 pr(essor ( botany at ,pisa4 ,! =m] fir/ =mulat$ ! true pr9ciples ( classification ( plants & arrangem5t into families1 su* z ! or*ids1 palms1 & mosses2 & to ! latt] belongs ! hon\r ( hav+ devis$ ! fir/ sy/em ( botany4 ,hav+ comp>$ ! process ( g5]ation 9 animals to ! se$s ( plants1 he di/+ui%$ male plants by _! /am5s1 & ^? :i* yield$ se$ z female4 ,! next era is m>k$ by ! publication ( ! fir/ ph>macopia at ,nuremb]g 9 #aedb4 8,= ?is act10 says ,p>is1 8we are indebt$ to ,val]ius ,cordus1 a "y /ud5t1 :o1 dur+ a transi5t visit at t place1 accid5tally produc$ a collection ( m$ical receipts :i* he _h select$ f ! works ( ! pa/ e/eem$ writ]s1 & ) :i* ! physicians ( ,nuremb]g 7 s highly pleas$ t !y urg$ him to pr9t x = ! b5efit ( ! apo!c>ies1 & obta9$ ! sanction ( ! ,s5ate to ! und]tak+40 ,to ?is slight circum/ance we owe ! in/itution ( ph>macopias4 ,! fir/ ,london ,ph>macopia 01 h[ev]1 n publi%$ until ! reign ( ,james ,i41 9 #afah1 ( :i* !re 7 twelve subsequ5t editions1 ! la/ be+ 9 #ahda4 ,! ,dubl9 ,ph>macopia fir/ appe>$ 9 #ahjg1 ! la/ edition be+ publi%$ 9 #ahej4 ,until ! ,m$ical ,act pass$ 9 #aheh1 ! "r ( publi%+ ! ,ph>macopia = ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 & ,irel& 0 ve/$ 9 ! ,college ( ,physicians ( ,london1 ,ed9burgh1 & ,irel& respectively2 & z ^! books conta9$ sev]al prep>ations simil> 9 "n & diff]5t 9 /r5g?1 su* obvi\s dang] arose = travell]s t ! ,briti% ,ph>macopia1 publi%$ 9 #ahfd1 became1 by ,act ( ,p>liam5t1 ! /&>d = ,great ,brita9 & ,irel&4 ,! ,*elsea ,physic ,g>d5 is ! olde/ public botanical g>d5 9 ,great ,brita91 b !re 7 private ones ( old] date1 su* z t ( ,g]>d1 ! au?or ( ,! ,h]bal1 :i* 0 situat$ 9 ,holborn1 & t ( ,tradescant1 ! fam\s ,dut* travell]1 g>d5] to ,james ,i41 :o _h an ext5sive g>d5 ( exotic plants 9 ,lambe?4 ,! f\nd]s ( ! ,*elsea ,g>d5 7 ! memb]s ( ! ,society ( ,apo!c>ies1 :o h ma9ta9$ x = ov] two c5turies entirely = sci5tific purposes1 z 0 /ipulat$ 9 ! de$ ( gift1 execut$ by ,sir ,hans ,sloane1 9 :i* ! gr[+ or cultivation ( plants = purely ph>maceutical purposes1 or = trade1 0 /rictly =bidd54 ,! orig9 ( ?is s-call$ ,physic ,g>d5 0 some:at amus+1 & any?+ b sci5tific4 ,! gr\nd 0 fir/ fix$ ^u z an eligible spot = build+ a boa?\se = ! /ate b>ge ( ! ,apo!c>ies' ,company4 ,?is gr\nd 0 wall$ 9 ab\t #afgd1 & plant$ ) trees 9 #afgh1 & h]bs 7 gr[n 9 x = use 9 ! company's laboratories1 "s ( ^! plants be+ f "t to "t ex*ang$ = o!rs f ! ,univ]sity ( ,leyd54 ,sir ,hans 7!n ,dr47 ,sloane b\ght ! e/ate 9 #agab2 &1 z might h be5 expect$ ( a man ( 8 p>ts1 a pupil ( ! *emi/ ,/ahl & ( ! botani/ ,t\rne=t1 & a fri5d ( ! great ,ray1 a new era ( usefulness 0 begun 9 ! ,*elsea ,g>d54 ,9 #agbb he h&$ ov] ! l& to ! ,apo!c>ies' ,society1 at a ye>ly r5tal ( #e1 & an und]tak+ t fifty specim5s ( fifty species ( di/9ct plants1 well dri$ & m\nt$ z h]b>ium specim5s & prop]ly nam$1 %\ld be h&$ ov] to ! ,royal ,society ea* ye> until #bjjj _h be5 duly deliv]$4 ,9 a catalogue issu$ 9 #agcj1 writt5 by ,mill]1 ! head g>d5]1 are enum]at$ #dii plants1 mo/ly m$ic9al1 s "o may judge ( ! ext5t ( ! g>d5s at t "t4 ,exotics 7 cultivat$ 9 ho?\ses 9 #agcb1 & 9 #agcf ,l9nu paid a visit to ! g>d54 ,?omas ,dov]1 ! orig9ator ( ,dov]'s p[d]1 0 born 9 ,engl& 9 ! ye> #affj4 ,he settl$ & practis$ m$ic9e = a "t 9 ,bri/ol2 left !re = a p]iod1 & return$ aga94 ,he liv$ )1 & 0 contemporane\s ) ,syd5ham4 ,he ga9$ mu* pr(essional reputation on ! occasion ( a sev]e epidemic ( fev]4 ,?is may h sugge/$ to him ! use ( ipecacuanha & opium 9 a comp\nd4 ,9 ,dov]'s day & "t1 ! apo!c>ies 7 9 ! asc5dancy1 be+ ! m$ical practition]s1 :il/ ! physicians 7 *iefly call$ 9 to att5d 9 *ildbir? & protract$ illness4 ,inde$1 x is navely /at$ t ! apo!c>y surgeons rode 9 _! *aises1 :ile ! doctors walk$1 & t ! =m] 7 g5]ally fir/ consult$ :5 ! *oice ( a family physician 0 to be made4 ,m]cury _h at ?is "t an unre/ra9$ use--p]haps abuse w\ld be a bett] ^w1--& mu* sev]e public /ricture 0 made ^u ! fact4 ,crude quicksilv] 0 adm9i/]$1 & ,dov] 0 a w>m advocate ( its use--9 fact1 he 0 call$ ! quicksilv] doctor4 ,"o ,capta9 ,h5ry ,coit1 a pati5t ( ,dov]'s1 took an ounce & a qu>t] ( crude m]cury daily1 until he _h us$ m ?an two p\nds weight6 ,dov] pr(ess$ to believe t m]cury fre$ ! pati5t f all v]micul> diseases1 op5$ all ob/ructions1 & made a pure balsam ( ! blood4 ,! doctors & apo!c>ies 7 at logg]heads4 ,dov] said ! be/ way to affront ! latt] 0 to ord] too little physic--ea* pati5t be+ deem$ to be wor? a c]ta9 sum to ! disp5s]4 ,9 #agjh ,dov] jo9$ ! company ( a gr\p ( ,bri/ol m]*ants 9 a s*eme to fit out two vessels = private]+ 9 ! ,s\? ,seas4 ,dov]1 x seems1 w5t z capta91 & ! voyage 0 em95tly successful 9 booty4 ,!y took 9 v>i\s reprisals f ! ,spani>ds--! ho>ds ( treasure & gold :i* !y 9 turn _h obta9$ f ! native ,indians--! pr9ciple ( might appli$ to "r4 ,! exp$ition return$ to ,brita9 enri*$ ) spoil1 ! treasure am\nt+ to #agj1jjj /]l+4 ,x 0 dur+ ?is memorable voyage t ,dov]1 l&+ ) "s ( 8 crew on ! isl& ( ,juan ,f]n&ez1 discov]$ ! exi/5ce ( ,alex&] ,selkirk--,rob9son ,crusoe--9 8 dre>y solitude on ?is des]t %ore4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,amulets1 ,,talismans ,,& ,,*>ms4 ,f v remote times a some:at curi\s l9k has exi/$ betwe5 ! art ( heal+ & religion1 & ^? :o propos$ ! cure ( ! body or ! s\l h ev] s\ght to "w ^u t uncanny *ord we call sup]/ition1 :i* p]vades m or less all classes ( mank9d4 ,! influ5ce ( sup]/ition manife/$ itself 9 _m ways1 & among o!rs ! belief 9 amulets1 talismans & *>ms survives ev5 to-day4 ,two ?\s& ye>s ago !y 7 disp5s$ by ! prie/s1 & aft]w>ds by ^? :o practis$ m$ic9e1 al*emy1 & a/rology1 dur+ ! middle ages1 :5 m$ical practice 0 ma9ly compos$ ( a mixture ( :ite magic1 wit*craft1 & religion4 ,an amulet consi/$ ( an object 9 wood1 /one1 or metal1 c>v$ or pa9t$2 also c]ta9 words or signs1 writt5 or spok51 :i* 7 suppos$ to possess "s my/]i\s virtue or hidd5 prop]ty1 & av]t disease & dea? f ! we>]4 ,! ^w means some?+ t is susp5d$ f ! neck1 or b\nd r\nd a "p ( ! body1 to /r5g!n x2 to drive (f disease or poison1 br++ ab\t c]ta9 results ( a peculi> "*1 & inve/$ ) sup]natural virtues4 ,portions ( animals & h]bs 7 also us$ = ?is purpose4 ,talismans 7 objects1 usually ( metal or "o ( ! preci\s /ones1 worn ab\t ! p]son to w>d (f dang]1 ill-luck1 or ! evil eye1 z well z = _! suppos$ m$ic9al virtues4 ,by _! means x 0 ?\ght possible to hold commune ) ! _w ( spirits4 ,_! orig9 is lo/ 9 antiquity1 b !y 7 us$ by ! ,assyrians1 ,egyptians1 ,p]sians1 & ,jews hundr$s ( ye>s be=e ! ,*ri/ian era1 & aft]w>ds by ! ,greeks & ,romans4 ,x is probable ! ,jews le>n$ ! use ( amulets f ! ,egyptians at ! "t ( ! captivity1 by :om !y 7 v g5]ally worn4 ,egyptian amulets 7 mo/ly compos$ ( /one or porcela9 objects1 fa%ion$ 9 v>i\s =ms4 ,"s 7 emblematic ( deities1 su* z ! nilomet]1 :i* 0 a symbol ( ,osiris1 :ile o!rs repres5t$ human heads or ! figures ( animals4 ,_m 7 engrav$ ) zodiacal symbols :i* _h special significance4 ,! crab 0 worn to w>d (f fev]s1 ! bull to gu>d aga9/ ! evil-do+ ( o!rs1 fi%es kept away g\t & k9dr$ diseases1 & ! scorpion r5d]$ ! we>] invuln]able to ! bites or /+s ( v5om\s reptiles4 ,x 0 cu/om>y ) ! ,egyptians to atta* c]ta9 amulets to ! bodies ( ! dead to protect !m f evil spirits1 & !y are frequ5tly f\nd susp5d$ f ! necks ( mummies4 ,amulets are worn 9 ,egypt to-day1 & also 9 mo/ ,mohamm$an c\ntries4 ,!y usually take ! =m ( a small /rip ( p>*m5t1 on :i* is writt5 "s cabali/ic sign or a few l9es f ! ,koran1 ! :ole be+ enclos$ 9 a small lea!r or t9 case1 & hung ar\nd ! neck4 ,amulets 7 also kn[n & mu* us$ by ! e>ly ,greeks4 ,pl9y m5tions _! virtue1 :ile ,gal51 ,dioscorides1 ,c>damus1 & o!r anci5t writ]s on m$ic9e1 speak ( _! value 9 w>d+ (f disease4 ,gal5 tells u t ! ,egyptian k+1 ,ne*epsus1 :o liv$ #fcj ye>s ,b4,c41 wore a gre5 jasp] cut into ! =m ( a dragon1 surr\nd$ ) rays1 :i*1 appli$ ext]nally to ! region ( ! dige/ive organs1 0 said to wond]fully /r5g!n t "p4 ,! ,romans 7 also great believ]s 9 ! p[] ( ! amulet1 & 9 ! decl9+ era ( ! great empire ! cu/om ( we>+ !m became s g5]al t ! ,emp]or ,c>acalla made a public edict1 t no man %\ld we> an amulet ab\t 8 p]son1 "u heavy p5alties4 ,amulets h be5 kn[n to t curi\s nation ! ,*9ese f ! e>lie/ p]iod ( _! hi/ory1 & are /ill worn by !m4 ,!y are sold by ! prie/s 9 ! =m ( small pieces ( metal1 *a9s1 or *>act]s writt5 on a piece ( sk9 or p>*m5t1 & worn z a *>m aga9/ accid5t1 sickness1 etc4 ,to enum]ate all ! extraord9>y objects us$ z amulets 9 e>ly times1 & ! wond]ful virtues atta*$ to !m1 w\ld fill a volume1 s we mu/ be cont5t to m5tion a few ( ! mo/ curi\s4 ,! amulets & talismans probably held 9 ! highe/ e/eem 7 ^? 9 ! =m ( preci\s /ones4 ,!y 7 suppos$ to be influ5c$ 9 "s my/]i\s way by ! planets1 & to be ! abode ( spirits4 ,five or six hundr$ ye>s ago a lady w\ld pres5t h] knight ) a talisman on 8 dep>ture on "s adv5tur\s or w>like exp$ition2 ?is (t5 took ! =m ( a jewel set 9 ! hilt ( 8 sword4 ,! diamond 0 ?us suppos$ to end[ ! we>] ) c\rage1 & make him m fe>less ?an c>eful4 ,a jac9? _h ! reputation ( be+ able to /r5g!n ! he>t1 & 0 (t5 worn close to ! region ( t organ1 fa%ion$ into ! =m ( "s animal or sa9t4 ,! sapphire 0 suppos$ to possess a ,div9e gift ( %>p5+ ! intellect1 & 0 also worn z a prev5tive aga9/ ! bites ( v5om\s animals4 ,a we>] ( ?is /one 0 also said to h ! p[] ( resi/+ 8necromantick app>itions04 ,! em]ald 0 worn 9 a r+ to prev5t gidd9ess & /r5g!n ! memory4 ,g>ci\s qua9tly /ates3 8,x takes away va9 & fooli% fe>s z ( devils & hobgobl9s1 folly & ang]1 & cause? good conditions2 if x d s be+ worn ab\t "o1 reason w tell him1 t be+ beat5 into p[d] & tak5 inw>dly x w d mu* m04 ,great fai? 0 plac$ 9 ! ruby z an amulet to w>d (f plagues & pe/il5ces4 ,c>damus says3 8,x has ! p[] ( mak+ ! we>] *e]ful1 & bani%+ idle & fooli% ?\ghts04 ,! ame?y/ 0 suppos$ to promote temp]ance & sobriety1 & cause ! we>] to ab/a9 f /rong dr9ks & f tak+ too mu* sleep4 ,by o!r writ]s x is also said to quick5 ! wit & repel vap\rs f ! head--altoge!r a v useful k9d ( amulet to h ab\t4 ,! *rysolite 0 said to w>d (f fev]s2 :ile ! onyx1 worn r\nd ! neck1 0 suppos$ to prev5t an attack ( epilepsy4 ,! opal 0 believ$ to cure weak eyes1 & ! topaz to cure inflammation & keep ! we>] f sleep-walk+4 ,lapis-lazuli1 worn z a jewel1 0 said to make ! we>] =tunate & ri*1 :ile amulets ( jasp] resi/$ fev]s & dropsy4 ,anci5t w>riors (t5 c>ri$ an amulet compos$ ( blood/one1 :i* 0 suppos$ to /op ble$+ :5 appli$ to a w\nd4 ,! old ,egyptian amulets 7 mo/ly c>v$ 9 /one1 porcela91 c>nelian1 or lapis-lazuli1 etc4 ,!y 7 fa%ion$ 9 _m =ms1 ! mo/ common be+ ! he>t1 ! symbolic eye1 two f+]s1 disc & horns1 snakes1 ! tat1 & ! papyrus sceptre4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,tat4 ,! ,he>t4 ,! ,pill[4 ,! ,eye4 ,two ,f+]s4 ,papyrus ,sceptre4 ,,anci5t ,,egyptian ,,amulets ,,( ,,gold ,,& ,,clay ,,f\nd ,,9 ,,mummy ,,cases4 ,com+ to ^? fa%ion$ 9 metal1 amulets ( gold 7 also highly e/eem$4 ,! preci\s metal 0 suppos$ to /r5g!n ! he>t1 drive away melan*oly1 fev]1 & o!r infirmities4 ,silv] 0 attribut$ ) ! possession ( simil> prop]ties1 b 9 a less] degree4 ,zoroa/] & ,p>acelsus advocat$ ! use ( metallic amulets4 ,special value 0 atta*$ to ^? made f a peculi> metal call$ electron1 :i* 0 compos$ ( sev5 metals fus$ toge!r 9 fix$ proportions4 ,amulet r+s 7 always worn on ! ?ird f+]1 :i* 0 call$ ! m$ic9e-f+] by al*emi/s1 ?r\gh :i* !y believ$ ! he>t 0 mo/ susceptible to influ5ce4 ,writt5 amulets usually consi/$ ( "s cabali/ic "*1 or a few words writt5 on a small piece ( sk9 or p>*m5t4 ,?is 0 ei!r enclos$ 9 a t9y case & susp5d$ f ! neck1 or b\nd aga9/ ! body4 ,x 0 n uncommon = ! physician ( ! fifte5? c5tury to write 8 prescription 9 my/]i\s *>act]s1 & hang x r\nd ! neck ( ! pati5t1 or b9d x ov] ! "p ne>e/ ! seat ( ! compla9t4 ,( writt5 amulets p]haps ! mo/ fam\s =mula 0 ,abracadabra1 :i*1 :5 writt5 on a piece ( p>*m5t 9 ! foll[+ mann]1 0 said to protect ! we>] f mo/ diseases3-- ,a ,b ,r ,a ,c ,a ,d ,a ,b ,r ,a ,a ,b ,r ,a ,c ,a ,d ,a ,b ,r ,a ,b ,r ,a ,c ,a ,d ,a ,b ,a ,b ,r ,a ,c ,a ,d ,a ,a ,b ,r ,a ,c ,a ,d ,a ,b ,r ,a ,c ,a ,a ,b ,r ,a ,c ,a ,b ,r ,a ,a ,b ,r ,a ,b ,a ,ano!r common =mula 0 ! sign ,a ,,ii1 :i*1 inscrib$ on p>*m5t1 0 worn r\nd ! neck to prev5t sore eyes4 ,o!rs 7 compos$ ( a/rological signs & c]ta9 numb]s4 ,a fav\rite inscription 0 ,a ,b ,r ,a ,x ,a ,s1 suppos$ to w>d (f fev] & pe/il5ce4 ,! ,jews us$ ! fif? & six? v]ses ( ! sixte5? ,psalm z an amulet to discov] hidd5 ?ieves1 x be+ suppos$ t on repeat+ ^! words !y w\ld be compell$ to come =? f _! hid+-places4 ,! mod]n burgl> requires an amulet ( a some:at /rong] nature 9 ^! prosaic days4 ,a curi\s *>m = w>ts1 us$ "s #djj ye>s ago1 0 to write on sev5 little waf]s ! foll[+ words3 ,maximanus1 ,wal*us1 ,johannes1 ,m>t9ianus1 ,dionysius1 ,con/antius1 ,s]apion1 & s+ a prescrib$ incantation fir/ into "o e>1 !n into ! o!r1 & !n above ! pati5t's poll1 aft] :i* a virg9 0 to hang ! incantation ar\nd ! pati5t's neck1 :5 ! w>ts w\ld disappe>4 ,ano!r amulet to *>m away w>ts 0 an iron r+ made f ! *a9 ( a gibbet4 ,! foll[+ incantation 0 suppos$ to /op ble$+ f ! nose3 ,make ! sign ( ! ,cross ?rice1 repeat ! ,"l's ,pray] ?rice2 !n say ! ,ave ,m>ia1 & repeat ! words ,max1 ,hackx1 ,lyacx1 ,iseus1 ,*ri/us4 ,among ! _m /range & curi\s articles worn z amulets ! old philosoph]s seem to h _h ! greate/ v5]ation = c]ta9 my/]i\s /ones1 su* z bezo>1 ! orig9 ( :i* 9 mo/ cases is exce$+ly d\btful4 ,d>k & weird are ! leg5ds relat+ to ! p[] ( ! toad/one1 t amulet s highly priz$ by wit*es & a/rolog]s4 ,among o!r prop]ties x 0 suppos$ to protect its own] f ! bites ( v5om\s animals4 ,lemnius tells u ( 8a /one ( ! bigness ( a bean1 to be f\nd 9 ! gizz>d ( an old cock1 :i* makes him t we>s x belov$1 con/ant1 bold1 & valiant 9 fight+ & sports04 ,su* amulets br\ght big prices1 & 7 eag]ly s\ght aft]4 ,! toad/one 0 mu* e/eem$ z a *>m aga9/ ! bites ( snakes & reptiles2 x also _h a reputation = cur+ weak eyes & heada*e4 ,orpheus believ$ t :5 ?is amulet 0 worn by a public speak] he c\ld always compel & hold ! att5tion ( 8 audi5ce4 ,a *>m aga9/ ! evil eye consi/$ ( a quill fill$ ) m]cury1 seal$ at ea* end1 & worn b\nd to ! body4 ,a small portion ( ! plant call$ ,/4 ,john's ,wort 0 c>ri$ ab\t ! p]son z a prev5tive f h>m by wit*es or devils4 ,a toad1 well dri$ 9 ! sun1 put into a bag & hung r\nd ! neck1 l[ en\gh to t\* ! region ( ! he>t1 0 us$ to allay hmorrhage2 & a v well salt$ h]r+ split op5 & appli$ to ! soles ( ! feet 0 a not$ rem$y = ague4 ,an em]ald susp5d$ f ! neck 0 worn z an amulet to w>d (f ! same compla9t4 ,aqua div9a1 a fam\s rem$y1 suppos$ to possess 8magnetick p[]10 0 prep>$ by mac]at+ a human body 9 wat] & di/ill+ x twice or ?rice4 ,human bones1 v>i\s p>ts ( a mummy1 & o!r equally gruesome objects1 7 suppos$ to be end[$ ) "s my/]i\s p[] to w>d (f accid5t1 disease1 & dea?4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 especially 9 ,cornwall1 eel sk9s 7 & are /ill us$1 ti$ r\nd ! legs to prev5t cramp2 & two /icks laid crosswise on ! b$room floor 7 suppos$ to *>m away ! same pa9ful compla9t4 ,x is /ill a common cu/om 9 o!r c\ntry di/ricts to pass a weakly *ild ?r\gh ! split bran* ( a tree 9 ord] to make x gr[ /rong]2 & a c]ta9 class h ! /ronge/ belief 9 a *>m ( a romantic nature t is work$ ) ! gum call$ dragon's blood4 ,a fam\s amulet1 ! rem>kable hi/ory ( :i* inspir$ ,sir ,walt] ,scott to write ,! ,talisman1 0 8,! ,lee ,p5ny10 :i* we believe is /ill 9 exi/5ce1 & held 9 v5]ation 9 "s p>ts ( ,scotl&4 ,! s+ul> hi/ory atta*$ to ?is co9 0 z foll[s3 ,sir ,simon ,lockh>t1 ( ,lee & ,c>tl&1 0 a well-kn[n knight 9 ! "t ( ,rob]t ! ,bruce & 8 son ,david4 ,he 0 "o ( ! *ief ,scotti% knights :o accompani$ ,"l ,d\glas on 8 exp$ition to ! ,holy ,l& ) ! he>t ( ,k+ ,rob]t ,bruce1 & 0 !re engag$ 9 ! w> ) ! ,s>ac5s4 ,tradition goes on to /ate t he captur$ 9 battle an emir ( great rank & weal?1 & fix$ a price at :i* he %\ld be ransom$4 ,! ag$ "m ( ! prison] came to ! ,*ri/ian camp to r$eem h] son1 & on pull+ out a l>ge purse :i* conta9$ ! ransom1 a peculi> pebble ins]t$ 9 a co9 fell to ! gr\nd4 ,! old woman1 x is said1 %[$ su* ha/e & anxiety to recov] x1 t x gave ! ,scotti% knight a high idea ( its value--on :i* he refus$ to set ! emir at lib]ty till ! amulet 0 add$ to ! ransom4 ,?is ! woman cons5t$ to d1 & also expla9$ to ,sir ,simon ! use ( ! talisman1 :i* 0 ( great repute4 ,:5 dipp$ 9 wat] ! liquid assum$ ! prop]ties ( a /yptic & a febrifuge1 etc4 ,sir ,simon ,lockh>t1 aft] mu* exp]i5ce ( its value1 br\ght x home1 & left x to 8 heirs1 & x is kn[n z ! 8,lee p5ny0 f ! "n ( 8 native place4 ,! co9 is said to be ( ! e>ly ,byzant9e p]iod4 ,! mo/ rem>kable "p ( its hi/ory1 z /at$ 9 ! introduction to ,! ,talisman1 01 t x escap$ condemnation 9 an extraord9>y mann] :5 ! ,*ur* ( ,scotl& impea*$ _m o!r cures ( ! k9d :i* sav\r$ ( ! miracul\s1 z occasion$ by sorc]y1 & c5sur$ ! appeal to !m2 8except+ only t to ! amulet call$ ! #8,lee p5ny1' to :i* x _h pleas$ ,god to annex c]ta9 heal+ virtues :i* ! ,*ur* did n presume to condemn04 ,x /ill exi/s1 & its p[]s are sometimes yet resort$ to4 ,= epilepsy1 a curi\s cu/om 0 to take ! sick man by ! h& & :isp] s(tly 9 8 e>1 8,i conjure !e by ! sun & moon1 & by ! ,gospel ( ! day deliv]$ by ,god to ,hub]t1 ,giles1 ,cornelius1 & ,john1 t ?\ rise & fall no m04 ,:5 pick+ simples = burns ! foll[+ *>m 0 repeat$3-- 8,hail to ! holy h]b1 ,gr[+ on ! gr\nd1 ,all 9 ! ,m\nt ,calv>y1 ,fir/ w]t ?\ f\nd4 ,?\ art good = _m a sore1 ,& heal'/ _m a w\nd2 ,9 ! "n ( ,sweet ,jesus1 ,i take !e f ! gr\nd40 ,to produce sleep1 ! foll[+ is recomm5d$ to be repeat$3-- 8,9 nom9e ,patris up & d[n1 ,et filii et spiritus sancte ^u my cr[n1 ,de> ,*ri/ ^u my brea/1 ,sweet ,lady1 s5d me et]nal re/04 ,! foll[+ 0 suppos$ to /op ! flux3-- 8,9 ! blood ( ,adam dea? 0 tak51 ,9 ! blood ( ,*ri/ x 0 all to slak51 ,& by ! same blood ,i d !e *>ge ,t ?\ d run no long] at l>ge04 ,s+ul> virtues 7 suppos$ to be atta*$ to a 8dead man's h&04 ,9 a ,roman ,ca?olic *apel 9 ,a%ton-9-,mack]field1 !re is pres]v$ ) great c>e 9 a :ite silk bag1 a h&1 :i* is /ill held 9 v5]ation1 & wond]ful cures are said to h be5 wr\ght by ?is gha/ly relic4 ,! h& is said to h be5 t ( "o ,fa!r ,edmund ,arr[smi?1 :o 0 execut$ at ,lanca/] 9 #afbh1 = app>5tly no great] (f5ce ?an t ( be+ true to 8 fai?4 ,aft] 8 execution "o ( 8 fri5ds cut (f 8 "r h&1 :i* 0 pres]v$ = _m ye>s at ,bryn ,hall1 9 ,lanca%ire1 & aft]w>ds remov$ to ,a%ton4 ,?is 8,holy h&0 0 =m]ly held 9 great e/eem 9 ,lanca%ire1 & pilgrims came f all p>ts ( ! c\ntry to receive its t\*1 :i* 0 reput$ to cure v>i\s diseases4 ,x 0 believ$ to remove tum\rs :5 rubb$ ov] ! "p1 & re/ore heal? to ! p>alys$4 ,!re is a curi\s sup]/ition /ill preval5t 9 "s p>ts ( ,lanca%ire1 t :5 cat's hair gets into ! /oma* x causes sickness1 :i* may be cur$ by eat+ a piece ( egg-%ell once a day4 ,consumption 0 believ$ by ! ignorant to be produc$ by dr9k+ wat] :i* _h be5 boil$ too long4 ,! cure 0 to dig a hole 9 ! e>?1 lie 9 x face d[nw>ds1 & brea! into ! soil4 ,?is extraord9>y rem$y 0 also l>gely us$ = c\ghs1 a/hma1 & ^? suff]+ f hy/]ia4 ,a curi\s *>m is /ill practis$ 9 ,devon%ire z a cure = ! compla9t call$ a :ite swell+ or :ite leg4 ,b&ages are us$ to tie r\nd ! afflict$ limb1 ov] :i* ! foll[+ *>m is repeat$ n9e times1 & ea* "t foll[$ by ! ,"l's ,pray]3-- 8,z ,*ri/ 0 walk+1 ,he saw ! ,virg9 ,m>y sitt+ on a cold m>ble /one4 ,he said unto h]1 #8,if x is a :ite ill ?+1 or a r$ ill ?+1 or a black ill ?+1 or a /ick+1 crackl+1 prick+1 /abb+1 bone ill ?+1 or a sore ill ?+1 or a swell+ ill ?+1 or a rott5 ill ?+1 or a cold creep+ ill ?+1 or a sm>t+ ill ?+1 let x fall f !e to ! e>? 9 ,my "n1 & ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/4 ,am54'0 ,?is compreh5sive *>m w\ld seem to cov] a multitude ( ills inde$4 ,! foll[+ *>ms are tak5 f a ,,ms4 ( ! ye> #adge3-- ,a ,*>me to ,/aun* ,blood4 8,jesus1 t 0 9 ,be?lehem born1 & baptyz$ 0 9 ! flum5 ,jordane1 z /5te ! wat] at hys comyng1 s /5te ! blood ( ?ys man ,n1 ?y s]waunt1 ?r[ ! virtu ( ?y holy "n ,jesu & ( ?y ,cosyn swete ,s5t ,jon4 ,& sey ?ys ,*>me fyve tymes ) fyve ,pat] no/irs1 9 ! wor%ep ( ! fyve w\ndys40 ,= ,fev]4 8,wryt ?ys wordys on a lorell lef ,ysmael ,ysmael adjuro vos p] angelum ut soporetetur i/e ,homo ,n4 & ley ?ys lef "u hys head t he wote n !re(1 & let hym ete ,letuse (t & drynk ,ip'e se$ small gr\nd5 9 a mort]1 & temp] yt ) ale40 ,x is said t ! inhabitants ( ,colonsay _h an anci5t cu/om ( fann+ ! face ( ! sick ) ! leaves ( ! ,bible4 ,_m & v>i$ are ! *>ms = cur+ w>ts4 8,= w>ts10 says ,sir ,?omas ,br[n1 8we rub our h&s be=e ! moon & commit any maculat$ "p to ! t\* ( ! dead40 ,grose tells u to 8/eal a piece ( beef f a but*]'s %op & rub y\r w>ts ) x2 !n ?r[ x d[n ! #8necess>y h\se1' or bury x2 & z ! beef rots y\r w>ts w decay04 ,! leaf ( ! ca/or-oil plant worn r\nd ! neck 0 believ$ to w>d away devils1 because ! leaf is l an op5 h&4 ,9 ,bale's ,int]lude ! foll[+ *>ms are giv53-- 8,= ! c\ghe take ,judas ,e>e ,) ! p>ynge ( a ,pe>e1 ,& drynke !m )\t fe>e ,if ye w h rem$y3 ,?re syppes are = ! hyckocke1 ,& six m = ! *yckocke2 ,?us my pretty pyckocke ,recov] by & by4 ,if ye _c slepe b slumb]1 ,geve ,otes unto ,saynt ,uncumb]1 ,& ,beanes 9 a c]t5 numb] ,unto ,saynt ,blase & ,saynt ,bly!4 ,give ,onyons to ,saynt ,cutlake ,& ,g>lycke to ,saynt ,cyoyake1 ,if ye wyll spurne ! heade ake4 ,ye %all h !m at ,qu5e hy?40 ,amulet r+s 7 made f v>i\s metals1 & worn to w>d (f disease & mis=tune4 ,9 ,b]k%ire !re is a popul> sup]/ition t a r+ made f a piece ( silv] collect$ at ! communion is a cure = convulsions & fits4 ,r+s 7 also made f c(f9-nails dug out ( a grave1 & c(f9-h+es1 & us$ to cure cramp4 ,boorde1 9 8 ,introduction to ,k 7#aedb71 says3 8,! kynges ( ,engl&e do? hal[e e y]e ,crampe ,rynges1 ye :i* ,rynges worne on "o's ,fyng] do? helpe !m :y* ha? ! crampe04 ,"o ( ! fav\rite *>ms ( ! e>ly ,britons 0 ! angu9eum1 or snake's egg1 :i* 0 suppos$ to be produc$ f ! saliva ( s]p5ts1 & besides its heal+ prop]ties x got ! cr$it ( be+ able to float aga9/ ! curr5t4 ,_m ( ! anci5t writ]s believ$ t all *>ms 7 impot5t )\t ! repetition ( c]ta9 words4 ,?us ! foll[+ words are recomm5d$ by ,b>rett to be repeat$ z a *>m aga9/ flux ( blood3-- 8,9 ! blood ( ,adam arose dea?1 ,9 ! blood ( ,*ri/ dea? is ext+ui%$4 ,9 ! "n ( ,*ri/ ,i comm& !e1 ,o blood1 ,t ?\ /op flux+40 ,a piece ( clean new vellum be>+ ! lett]s 0 consid]$ a p[]ful amulet aga9/ ague4 ,pl9y makes sev]al allusions to ! poison ( toads1 & ,juv5al tells u ( ! lady 8,:o squeez$ a toad into h] husb&'s w9e04 ,! life ( ,james ,,vi4 ( ,scotl& 0 once attempt$ by a woman nam$ ,agnes ,sampson1 :o confess$ on h] trial1 t 9 ord] to compass ! k+'s dea?1 %e _h hung up a black toad = n9e days & collect$ ! juice t fell f x4 ,! toad/one 0 greatly valu$ z an amulet aga9/ a great v>iety ( diseases4 ,x 0 (t5 set 9 valuable r+s1 :i* 7 h&$ d[n f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,"s are said to h borne a figure resembl+ a toad on _! surface4 ,!y v>i$ 9 col\r1 "s be+ d>k-grey1 & o!rs ( a br[ni% fawn col\r4 ,^! /ones 7 suppos$ to gr[ only 9 v old toads1 & to be extract$ :5 !y 7 dy+4 ,9 reality1 !y 7 manufactur$ ( fus$ borax & _m o!r mat]ials4 ,! toad/one 0 suppos$ to be specially p[]ful aga9/ wit*craft & poison4 ,:5 plac$ 9 proximity to ! latt]1 or appli$ to "o bewit*$1 ! /one 0 believ$ to sweat or *ange col\r4 ,x 0 sometimes giv5 int]nally z a rem$y = fev] or ! bites ( reptiles4 ,! toad itself 0 also cr$it$ ) m$ic9al virtues1 & 0 giv5 9 plague & small-pox4 ,aubrey gives a process = prep>+ ! toad = int]nal use1 9 :i* 8tw5ty great fatt toads are direct$ to be /ew$ sl[ly1 :ile alive1 9 a pipk9 on ! fire4 ,! calc9$ rema9s are aga9 heat$1 & !n f9ely p[d]$40 ,sir ,k5helm ,digby speaks ( _! virtues1 & recomm5ds toads = qu9sy1 ble$+ at ! nose1 &1 above all1 a mo/ valuable rem$y 9 k+'s evil & scr(ula4 ,)9 ! la/ fifty ye>s 8toad doctors0 visit$ mo/ c\ntry fairs1 (t5 sell+ bags conta9+ ! legs torn f ! body ( a liv+ toad = six or sev5 %ill+s ea*4 ,among o!r curi\s *>ms us$ by ! ,romans to prolong life1 especially among ! ag$1 0 ! s+ul> practice ( be+ brea!d ^u by "y girls4 ,?is cu/om is frequ5tly m5tion$ by anci5t writ]s1 & 0 believ$ to be efficaci\s also 9 prolong+ life 9 c]ta9 diseases4 ,a ref]5ce to ?is s+ul> *>m is record$ by ,kohans5 9 an inscription :i* 0 discov]$ at ,rome1 cut 9 a m>ble tablet1 & :i* ran z foll[s3-- 8,,to ,,sculapius ,,& ,,heal?1 ?is is erect$ by ,l4 ,,clodius ,,h]mippus1 :o by ! brea? ( "y girls liv$ #aae ye>s & #e days at :i* physicians 7 no little surpris$4 ------ ,successive g5]ations lead su* a life40 ------ ,9 lat] times amulets 9 civilis$ c\ntries m]g$ into ! we>+ ( images ( sa9ts1 or consecrat$ objects1 & ! use ( scapul>ies by ,roman ,ca?olics at ! pres5t "t4 ,!re is little d\bt t ! cu/om ( we>+ preci\s /ones 9 r+s1 & ! *>ms worn z p5dants to wat* *a9s1 orig9at$ 9 ! amulet & talisman4 ,:o c say t ! belief 9 su* *>ms has ev5 yet di$ out8 ,h[ _m p are !re at ! pres5t day :o d n c>ry ab\t !m "s co91 tok51 or object1 to :i* !y w\ld probably be a%am$ to confess1 !y atta* "s my/]i\s virtue8 ,! belief 9 keep+ a crook$ sixp5ce or a brok5 r+ is evid5ce ( t peculi> ve9 ( sup]/ition t runs ?r\gh mo/ ( u1 :i*1 /range ?\gh x may seem1 ! advance ( sci5ce & education has n altoge!r dispell$4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,monk ,,physicians--,,it9]ant ,,doctors--,,surg]y ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,ages4 ,! treatm5t prescrib$ by ! monks1 :o 7 ready to cure ! body z well z ! s\l1 consi/$ ma9ly ( holy wat]1 pray]1 ! t\*+ ( relics1 & a numb] ( decoctions ( h]bs1 ! prop]ties ( :i* !y 7 acqua9t$ )4 ,_m ( ^! physician monks w&]$ ab\t ! c\ntry devot+ !mselves to ! wants ( ! sick4 ,dur+ ! elev5? c5tury hospitals began to spr+ up 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! c\ntry & ov] ,europe4 ,!y seem to h orig9at$ at ! "t ( ! crusades4 ,lacroix says3 8,! ,johanni/s1 & ! bro!rhoods ( ,/4 ,m>y & ,/4 ,laz>us devot$ !mselves to missions ( *>ity 9 ! ,ea/2 9 ,france1 !re 7 ! bro!rs ( ,/4 ,antony & ( ! ,holy ,gho/2 & ?r\gh\t ! _w ! h]oic *evali]s ( ,/4 ,john ( ,j]usalem or ( ! ,templ>s1 ^: c\ntless e/abli%m5ts comb9$ ! triple "* ( conv5tual *ur*1 alm%\se1 & =tress1 & :o1 attir$ 9 a dress bo? milit>y & mona/ic1 wore a mantle simil> to t se5 9 ! /atues ( sculapius1 z a sign ( ! d\ble mission--b5efic5t & w>like--:i* !y _h sworn to fulfil04 ,ea* ( ^! ord]s _h a special =m ( treatm5t1 & took *>ge ( specific diseases4 ,?us1 ! ,templ>s paid special att5tion to ^? pilgrim soldi]s & travell]s p>ticul>ly tr\bl$ ) oph?almia1 scurvy1 or ^? suff]+ f w\nds4 ,! ,johanni/s pr(ess$ ! cure ( epidemical disease & pe/il5ce4 ,! ord] ( ,/4 ,antony look$ aft] ^? /rick5 ) dys5t]ies & ^? compla9ts kn[n z ,/4 ,an?ony's fire1 :ile ! ,laz>i/s treat$ leprosy1 small-pox1 & pu/ul> fev]s4 ,! fir/ s*ool ( nurses ( :i* we h record1 is "o organis$ by ,hildeg>de1 ,abbess ( ,rup]tsb]g1 :o di$ #aahj4 ,^! nuns gave great assi/ance 9 ! hospitals4 ,?us ! monks ab\t ! twelf? c5tury t5d$ ! bodies z well z ! s\ls1 & ev5 accompani$ armies on milit>y exp$itions 9 t capacity4 ,9 ! ?irte5? c5tury faculties 7 e/abli%$ at ,montpelli]1 ,sal]no1 & ,p>is1 by ! ord] ( papal bulls1 to grant degrees 9 m$ic9e4 ,9 ord] to obta9 ! title ( ma/] physician1 ! c&idate _h fir/ to become a cl]k1 !n pass an exam9ation be=e ma/]s or doctors select$ f ! /aff ( ! college by ! ,bi%op ( ,maguelonne4 ,! b>b]s at ?is "t came to occupy an important position 9 m$ic9e1 & 7 promot$ to ! rank ( subord9ate surgeons1 *iefly = blood-lett+ & m9or accid5ts4 ,9 ! f\rte5? c5tury m$ic9e _h rapidly progress$ 9 ,europe1 & ! celebrat$ physician & surgeon ,lanfranc f\nd$ ! ,/4 ,cosmo ,college at ,p>is1 ! exam9ations ( :i* all surgeons 7 oblig$ to pass4 ,a decree 0 also pass$ by ! ,k+ ( ,france 9 #aceb prohibit+ any "o :o 0 n an apo!c>y1 /ud5t1 or m5dicant monk f practis+ m$ic9e4 ,! k+1 we f9d1 also exempt$ ! ma/] b>b]s f do+ duty z wat*m51 z 8! b>b]s be+ ne>ly all ( !m 9 ! habit ( practis+ surg]y1 great inconv5i5ce might arise if !y 7 abs5t f _! h\ses :5 s5t = dur+ ! night04 ,9 ,france1 ! little b>b]s1 z !y 7 call$1 travell$ ab\t on foot f village to village ) a bag conta9+ _! drugs & rem$ies1 :ile ! great b>b]s1 or sworn surgeons1 a/ride _! hacks ) t9kl+ bells to ann\nce _! approa*1 wore long robes trimm$ ) fur1 & o!r ri* app>el4 ,!y 7 usually accompani$ by an assi/ant & sev]al s]vants1 :o c>ri$ _! cases ( in/rum5ts1 :i* always includ$ scissors1 nipp]s1 a probe or pr\vette1 razors1 lances1 & ne$les4 ,he also c>ri$ five k9ds ( o9tm5ts1 viz41 basilicon1 apo/les' o9tm5t1 ! :ite o9tm5t1 yell[ o9tm5t1 & ! dialta o9tm5t = subdu+ local pa94 ,guy de ,*auliac1 :o 0 physician to ?ree successive popes1 /at$ 8he nev] w5t out on 8 visits )\t tak+ sev]al cly/]s & pla9 rem$ies1 besides ga!r+ h]bs 9 ! field1 s z to treat diseases 9 a prop] mann]04 ,ev5 at t e>ly "t ! cr$ulity ( ! public became impos$ ^u by quacks1 & ,lacroix tells u ( an ,engli% surgeon1 "o ,goddesd51 :o _h two sorts ( prescriptions1 "o = ! ri* & ano!r = ! poor2 he sold at a high price to ! b>b]s a s-call$ panacea1 :i* ! latt] sold at a l>ge pr(it1 & ?is 0 simply a mixture ( frogs p\nd$ 9 a mort>4 ,9 "o ( 8 books !re is a %ort *apt] on disagreeable diseases1 z he t]ms !m1 8:i* "w _! own cure1 & br+ no gri/ to ! doctor's mill04 ,9 ! fifte5? c5tury ! practice ( m$ic9e became m & m influ5c$ & dom9at$ by ! occult sci5ces1 & especially a/rology4 ,all mank9d 0 rul$ by ! />s1 & ! cause ( v>i\s diseases 0 attribut$ to ! conjunction ( c]ta9 planets4 8,!y believ$ ! blood rose dur+ ! daytime t[>ds ! sun1 & desc5d$ into ! l[] extremities at night2 t at ! ?ird h\r ! bile subsid$1 s t its acid prop]ties might n be mix$ ) ! c\rse ( ! blood2 & t at ! second h\r ! atrabilis1 & 9 ! ev5+ ! phlegm1 subsid$40 ,su* illusions & errone\s beliefs /opp$ ! progress ( sci5ce1 & ?reat5$ to turn a noble art into m]e *>latanry4 ,9 ?is c\ntry ! surgeons mo/ly practis$ z apo!c>ies2 & we are told t :5 ,h5ry ,v4 invad$ ,france 9 #adae1 ! only surgeon he _h 9 8 camp 0 "o ,?omas ,mor/$e1 :o 0 ) difficulty induc$ to accompany ! army1 br++ ) him twelve assi/ants4 ,! sixte5? c5tury saw an ef=t to ?r[ (f "s ( ^! errors :i* _h gr[n r\nd ! art4 ,! inv5tion ( pr9t+ help$ l>gely 9 dissem9at+ k ?r\gh\t ,europe1 & ! foll[]s ( m$ic9e assum$ a high] position4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,apo!c>y',s ,,%op4 ,,fifte5? ,,c5tury4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury ,ta*5ius wrote3 8,!re is no new ?+ "u ! sun :atsoev]1 !re=e ! foll[]s ( ,hippocrates h h&$ out1 & z x 7 midwif$ into ! _w1 ! same 0 f ! beg9n+ ?\gh our eyes 7 n s cle>-sight$ z to disc]n x04 ,to :i* ,/eph5 ,pasqui] repli$ 9 ! foll[+ rhyme3-- 8,"s ,p>acelse ( novelty implead1 ,= :i*1 judg$ crime1 he er/ 0 bani%$1 ,s ,hippocrates1 ,*rysippus1 & at ,rome ,asclepiade1 too1 7 new4 ,!y'd all "o doom4 ,!y :o condemn new ?+s condemn ! old1 ,or else d bo? misjudge & are o'er bold40 ,dur+ ! crusades ! surgeons naturally acquir$ a v l>ge exp]i5ce 9 ! treatm5t ( w\nds--incis$1 lac]at$1 & contus$4 ,baldw9 0 sev]ely w\nd$ be=e ,j]usalem1 hav+ receiv$ a spe>-?ru/ 8?r\gh ! ?igh & ! lo9s04 ,he fell fa9t+ f 8 horse1 b ! mo/ skilful lee*es 7 summon$1 8by ^: art & skill ! k+ & valiant a?lete 0 enabl$ to recov] f ?is deadly w\nd04 ,baldw9 0 also w\nd$ 9 ! foot be=e ,antio*1 & ! surgical tal5t available 0 baffl$ by ! injury to su* a degree t x 0 propos$ to kill a ,s>ac5 aft] w\nd+ him 9 ! same "p1 s z to le>n ! prop] c\rse to pursue4 ,baldw91 h[ev]1 refus$ to all[ ?is crude attempt at exp]im5tal surg]y to be made4 ,!re seem to be no m$ical records ( ! second crusade4 ,9 ! ?ird1 ! ,fr5* k+1 ,philippe ,augu/e1 & our own ,cur de ,lion suff]$ griev\sly f a disease1 ! symptomatology ( :i* includ$ ext5sive exfoliation ( ! sk91 %$d+ ( ! nails1 & loss ( ! hair4 ,! disease is call$ ,arnoldia by ! *ronicl]s1 & is v>i\sly conjectur$ to h be5 leprosy or syphilis4 ,x c\ld h>dly h be5 leprosy1 = bo? ! royal suff]]s recov]$1 ,cur de ,lion be+ kill$ eight ye>s lat] at ! siege ( ,*alus1 & ,philippe ,augu/e dy+ ( qu>tan ague tw5ty-f\r ye>s aft] ,ri*>d4 ,( ! f\r? crusade we h no m$ical details4 ,9 ! fif?1 ,/4 ,l\is ( ,france 0 accompani$ by 8 private physician ,dudon & o!r lee*es2 among !m 0 a lady doctor or phisici5ne nam$ ,h]n&is1 :o probably att5d$ ! que5 9 h] conf9em5t1 :i* took place at ,damietta4 ,! exp$ition suff]$ t]ribly f scurvy1 typhus1 & o!r pe/il5ces4 ,! "p play$ by wat] 9 ! diffusion ( disease w\ld seem to h be5 recognis$1 ?\gh ! me?ods ( wat] exam9ation w\ld h>dly satisfy a mod]n *emi/4 ,a piece ( :ite l95 0 dipp$ 9 ! wat] to be te/$1 & !n dri$2 if !re 7 any /a9s on ! l95 ! wat] 0 condemn$1 b if n x 0 pron\nc$ pure4 ,! addition ( f\r cru%$ almonds or beans 0 believ$ to make ! wat] ( ! ,nile safe = dr9k+4 ,! me?od ( dis9fection adopt$ = ! k+'s t5t 0 to fumigate x ) a mixture ( amb]1 *ick peas1 or lup9e1 :i* 7 mac]at$ 9 w9e1 & !n plac$ on live *>coal4 ,9 ! six? crusade1 :i* took place tw5ty-two ye>s lat]1 va/ numb]s1 includ+ ,/4 ,l\is himself1 fell victims to ignorance ( ! elem5ts ( sanitation4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,plant ,,lore1 ,,drug ,,*>ms1 ,,& ,,folk ,,m$ic9e4 ,a curi\s survival ( ! age ( sup]/ition & romance atta*es to ! r$ res9 kn[n z dragon's blood1 & is /ill l>gely practis$ by a c]ta9 class ( un$ucat$ wom5 9 _m p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,! res9 is ! product ( ! ,pt]oc>pus ,indicus gr[+ 9 ! ,ea/ ,indies1 & n[ *iefly us$ z a col\r+ ag5t 9 v>ni%es & /a9s1 etc4 ,x 0 =m]ly employ$ 9 m$ic9e = its a/r+5t prop]ties1 b has n[ entirely gone out ( use = t purpose4#d #d ,! ,egyptian magical texts %[ t hair1 fea!rs1 ! s]p5t's sk91 & 8! blood ( ! my/ic eye10 7 us$ z *>ms ( protect+ or de/roy+ p[]4 ,?is v probably d5otes :at is kn[n z ! *>m ( dragon's blood1 :i* is /ill employ$ z a pot5t love *>m or philtre1 ! blood be+ n[ typifi$ by ! r$ res9 ( ?is "n4 ,! secret ( its use z a *>m is %r\d$ 9 "s my/]y1 & ^? :o use x are v retic5t 9 giv+ p>ticul>s2 b x has be5 ga!r$1 t sev]al *>ms ( a romantic nature are work$ ) ?is o!rwise v commonplace article ( comm]ce4 ,! mo/ common ( ^! seems to be practis$ by "y girls :o are jeal\s ( _! lov]s & seek to w9 back _! affection4 ,a small quantity ( dragon's blood is procur$1 wrapp$ 9 pap]1 & ?r[n on ! fire :il/ ! foll[+ c\plet or incantation is repeat$3-- 8,may he no pleasure or pr(it see1 ,till he comes back aga9 to me04 ,ano!r me?od mu* believ$ 9 by wom5 ( a c]ta9 class1 & us$ by !m to attract ! opposite sex1 is to mix dragon's blood1 quicksilv]1 saltpetre1 & sulphur1 & ?r[ !m on ! fire1 repeat+ a simil> incantation4 ,a *emi/ 9 ! nor? ( ,engl&1 giv+ 8 exp]i5ce on ! sale ( dragon's blood1 says3 8,i h _h great difficulty 9 f9d+ out = :at purpose x 0 us$4 ,x 0 n = m$ic9e1 b = a k9d ( wit*craft4 ,! wom5 burn x ^u a bright fire1 :ile wi%+ = _! affection to be return$ by "s "o ( ! opposite sex2 also ^? :o h qu>rell$ ) _! husb&s & desire to be fri5ds aga92 girls :o h fall5 out ) _! "y m51 & want to w9 !m back2 z well z "y wom5 want+ swee!>ts4 ,a work+ man rec5tly came to me = a small quantity1 & ,i inquir$ = :at purpose x 0 requir$4 ,he 0 v reluctant to m5tion any?+ ab\t x1 b at l5g? said1 a man _h made him lose ?ree sov]eigns1 & he wi%$1 z he _h be5 sw9dl$ out ( ! money1 to h 8 rev5ge1 & make him suff] = x4 ,he 0 go+ to turn ! dragon's blood on a cle> fire1 & he believ$ t ! ill wi%es ( ! p]son ?us burn+ x w\ld h a dire effect on ! individual ?\ght (40 ,ano!r *>m said to be work$ ) ?is drug1 9 :i* an inv]t$ teacup plays a prom95t "p1 has ref]5ce to ! sex ( expect$ (fspr+4 ,altoge!r1 consid]able romantic prop]ties seem to be associat$ ) ?is res91 b !re seems to be no au!ntic record ( ! same1 ! only probable explanation be+1 t x 0 us$ & sold1 l o!r innoc5t articles1 by ^? :o 7 suppos$ to h deal+s 9 ! black art1 = work+ *>ms1 :i* h ?us be5 h&$ d[n f m$ival times4 ,coles /ates3 8,! e>ly ,greeks call$ dragon's blood ,c9nab>is1 n kn[+ :e!r x 0 ( vegetable or m9]al orig92 & t ,pl9y1 ,sol9us1 & ,mon>dus h set x d[n = tru? t x 0 ! blood ( a dragon or s]p5t1 cru%$ to dea? by ! weight ( ! dy+ elephant fall+ ^u him2 b he ?9ks x 0 c]ta9ly s call$ f ! bloody col\r t x is (1 be+ no?+ else b a m]e gum04 ,x 0 us$ m$ic9ally z an emm5agogue1 & 9 ! arts #cjj ye>s ago by goldsmi?s & pa9t]s 9 glass1 by ! =m] z a base = enamel to set a foil "u preci\s /ones to give !m great] lu/re1 & ! latt] by fire1 to /rike a crimson col\r into glass = /a9$ w9d[s4 ,t a belief 9 *>ms & wit*craft is /ill fo/]$ by ignorant p 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 is manife/ f cases report$ 9 ! newspap]s f "t to "t4 ,two practition]s ( ! occult sci5ces 7 hal$ be=e ! magi/rates b rec5tly4 ,"o1 an old crone1 :o confess$ to us+ dragon's blood 9 work+ h] love *>ms1 0 rew>d$ ) sev5 days ) h>d lab\r4 ,! o!r1 :i* came to light 9 ,cornwall1 0 a middle-ag$ individual :o practis$ z a wiz>d4 ,8 treatm5t consi/$ ( writ+ an amulet to be worn ne> ! body4 ,money 0 !n requir$ to remove ! spell f ! bewit*$ pati5t to "s "o else4 ,to ?is victim 0 to be l5t nei!r 8cock1 p91 or pan10 & by ! aid ( ! planets ! pati5t w\ld be cur$4 ,b ^! are h>d times truly = ! wiz>d & magician1 & ?is pr(essor 0 rew>d$ ) sev5 mon?s' inc>c]ation 9 "o ( h] ,maje/y's gaols4 ,s+ul> sup]/iti\s prop]ties are attribut$ to c]ta9 plants4 ,! walnut 0 =m]ly employ$ 9 m$ic9e z an application to w\nds & an antidote to poisons2 & ! foll[+ old riddle1 says ,william ,coles 9 #afeg1 8almo/ e "o kn[s03-- 8,z high z a h\se1 ,z little z a m\se1 ,z r\nd z a ball1 ,z bitt] z gall1 ,z :ite z milk1 ,z s(t z silk04 ,!re is an old tradition t ! m ! bran*es are beat51 ! m prolific ! fruit w be4 ,!re is a fable 9 sop ( a woman :o ask$ ! walnut tree gr[+ by ! wayside1 :i* 0 pelt$ at ) /ones & /icks by !m t pass$ by1 :y x 0 s fooli% z to br+ =? fruit see+ t x 0 s beat5 = its pa9s1 to :i* ! tree rehe>s$ ^! two prov]bial v]ses3-- 8,nux1 ,as9us1 ,muli]1 ,simili suret lege legati1 ,haes tria nil recte faciunt si v]b]a cess5t04 8,! ,engli% :]e(10 ! *ronicl] qua9tly cont9ues1 8,i c\ld tell y1 b t ,i fe> ! wom5 ( ?is prepo/]\s age w\ld be angry40 ,true x is t ?is tree1 ! m x is beat5 ! m nuts x be>s4 ,! walnut 0 "o ( ! *ief +r$i5ts 9 ! celebrat$ antidote aga9/ poison :i* 0 attribut$ to ! wise k+ ,mi?ridates4 ,! =mula ran z foll[s3 8,two 7wall7 nuttes & two figges & tw5ty rewe beans1 /amp$ toge!r ) a little suet & eat5 fa/+1 do? def5de a man f poison & pe/il5ce t day04#e #e ,bull5's ,gov]nm5te ( ,heal?4 #aeeh4 ,sage 0 mu* e/eem$ by ! h\sewife = simple ailm5ts1 & its prop]ties are embodi$ 9 ! foll[+ l9es1 :i* are ( great antiquity3-- 8,sage helpes ! n]ves1 & by its p[]full might ,palsies & ,feav]s1 %>p x puts to flight04#f ,an old writ] says1 8,be sure y wa% y\r sage = fe> ! ,toades1 :o z ,i conceive come to x to dis*>ge _! poyson1 %\ld leave "s ( _! v5om ^u ! ,leaves04 #f ,william ,coles1 ,adam 9 ,ed54 #afeg4 ,( rue1 :i* 0 l>gely us$ z a c>m9ative1 ! foll[+ c\plet has be5 h&$ d[n3-- 8,rue make? *a/1 & eke pres]ve? sight1 ,infuse? wit1 & ,fleas do? put to flight04 ,tradition says t a weasel1 go+ to fight ) a s]p5t1 eate? rue1 & rubbe? h]self !re) to avoid 8 poison4 ,crollius /ates3 8,! sign ( ! cross ^u ! se$ ( ! rue1 drives away all phantoms & evil spirits by signature04 ,h5bane1 ! ,lat9s call$ ,apoll9>is1 ei!r f ,apollo1 ! inv5tor ( physic1 or because x makes m5 mad l unto ,apollo's creatures :5 !y deliv] 8 oracles4 8,x 0 call$ 9 ,engli% h5bane1 because ! se$s are hurtful to h5s10 says ,william ,coles4 8,! fumes ( ! dry$ h]b :5 burnt1 w make ,h5s fall f _! roo/+ place z ?\gh !y 7 dead40 ,( ! moonwort1 a simple us$ to allay ble$+ & appli$ to fractures1 an old tradition says t x c be us$ to op5 locks1 fett]s1 & %oes f ^? horses feet t g on ! places :]e x gr[e?1 & ( ?is op9ion 0 ,culpepp]1 :o1 ?\gh he rail$ aga9/ sup]/ition 9 o!rs1 tells a /ory ( a troop ( horse ( ! ,e>l ( ,essex1 :i* be+ drawn up 9 a body1 _m ( !m lo/ _! %oes ^u ,:ite ,d[ne 9 ,devon%ire1 ne> ,tiv]ton1 because moonwort gr[s ^u ! hea?s4 ,! root ( ! ,polygonatum angulosum1 commonly call$ ,solomon's ,seal1 has a popul> reputation = remov+ ! congeal$ blood f a bruise aft] a bl[ or fall1 = :i* prop]ty x appe>s to h be5 us$ #hjj ye>s ago4 ,coles /ates3 8,! bruis$ roots sodd]e? & glewe? toge!r brok5 bones v spe$ily & /rangely1 ! roots be+ /amp$ & outw>dly appli$ z a pultis4 ,! same also is available = outw>d bruises1 falls1 or bl[es1 bo? to dispel ! congeal$ blood & to take away ! pa9es1 & ! black & blew m>kes t abide aft] ! hurt40 ,! orig9 ( ! "n ,solomon's ,seal is d\btless due to ! d>k m>ks se5 on cutt+ ! root transv]sely1 :i* some:at resemble an anci5t seal engrav$ ) *>act]s4 ,( ,solomon's ,seal1 ,dioscorides says t 8! root p\nd$ & laid on fre% w\nds heals & seals !m up02 & x is on ?is acc\nt t ,g]>d consid]s its "n to h orig9at$4 ,an old au?or qua9tly rem>ks ) respect to its prop]ties3 8,! roots ( ,solomon's ,seale /amp$ :ile x is fre% & gre5e & appli$1 take? away 9 "o night1 or two at ! mo/1 any bruse1 blacke or blew spots gott5 by fals1 or woman's wilfulness 9 /umbl+ ^u _! ha/ie husb&'s fi/s or su* l04 ,! anemone 0 reg>d$ by ! anci5ts z an emblem ( sickness1 & ,pl9y tells u t ! physicians & wise m5 ord]$ e p]son to ga!r ! fir/ anemone he saw 9 ! ye>1 repeat+ at ! same "t1 8,i ga!r !e = a rem$y aga9/ disease04 ,x 0 !n dev\tly plac$ 9 sc>let clo? & kept undi/urb$ unless ! ga!r] became unwell1 :5 x 0 ti$ ei!r ar\nd ! neck or ! arm ( ! pati5t4 ,! trefoil1 v]va91 ,/4 ,john's wort1 & dill 7 suppos$ to possess ! p[] ( protect+ ! we>] f ! evil eye or wit*craft1 h5ce ! old rhyme call$ ,sa9t ,colme's *>m3-- 8,trefoil1 v]va91 ,john's wort1 dill1 ,h9d]s wit*es ( _! w2 ,well is !m1 t well may ,fa/ ^u ,/4 ,&rew's ,day4 ,sa9t ,bride & h] brat1 ,sa9t ,colme & 8 cat1 ,sa9t ,mi*ael & 8 spe>1 ,keep ! home frae reif & we>40 ,!re is an old tradition t ! :ite ve9s ( ! v>iety ( ?i/le kn[n z ! ,c>duus ,m>ianus 0 caus$ orig9ally by a drop ( ! milk ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y hav+ fall5 !reon1 & = ?is cause ! plant 0 9 e>ly times mu* rev]$4 ,! h\se leek1 ) its pretty rose-col\r$ fl[]s1 (t5 se5 gr[+ along ! tops ( walls & on ! ro(s ( cottages 9 c\ntry places1 0 =m]ly kn[n by ! impos+ "n ( ! ?und] plant1 f ! p[] x 0 suppos$ to possess ( av]t+ lightn+ f ! h\se or build+ on :i* x 0 plant$4 ,h5ce ! cu/om ( plant+ x on ! ro(4 ,/4 ,john's wort 0 a not$ h]b 9 magical arts1 & 0 also e/eem$ z a repellant ( spectres & to drive away demons1 & 0 call$ ,fuga ,dmonum by ! old botani/s4 ,fr5* & ,g]man peasants /ill ga!r ! plant ) great c]emony on ,/4 ,john's ,day4 ,t *>m+ little wild fl[] ! sc>let pimp]nell1 :i* gr[s 9 our fields & h$ges1 rank$ among ! simples ( anci5t times4 ,x 0 us$ z a rem$y aga9/ ! plague1 & an antidote aga9/ ! bites & /+s ( v5om\s insects1 & to /op ble$+4 ,?is latt] attribute 0 d\btless m my?ical ?an correct1 be+ f\nd$ on :at ! anci5ts call$ hav+ ! signature1 :i* meant t if a sub/ance 0 ( blood col\r x signifi$ x w\ld /op ble$+ because ( ! same4 ,hung ov] ! door or por* ( a h\se1 x 0 believ$ to def5d ! inmates f wit*craft4 ,josephus /ates 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,jews#g t ,solomon discov]$ a plant efficaci\s 9 ! cure ( epilepsy1 & t he employ$ ! aid ( a *>m or spell = ! purpose ( assi/+ its virtues4 ,! root ( ! h]b 0 conceal$ 9 a r+1 :i* 0 appli$ to ! no/rils ( ! demoniac2 & ,josephus himself decl>es t he saw a ,jewi% prie/ practice ! art ( ,solomon1 ) complete success1 9 ! pres5ce ( ,vespasian1 8 sons1 & ! tribune ( ! ,roman army4 #g ,lib4 viii41 c4 ii41 #e4 ,f ?is art1 exhibit$ ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a r+ or seal1 we h ! ,ea/]n /ories :i* celebrate ! seal ( ,solomon & record its wond]ful sway ov] ! v>i\s ord]s ( g5ii1 :o 7 suppos$ to be ! invisible torm5tors or b5efactors ( ! human race4 8,v]va910 says ,coles1 80 report$ to be effectual aga9/ all poisons & ! v5om ( dang]\s bea/s & s]p5ts1 & also aga9/ bewit*$ dr9ks & ! l1 s t x is n only us$ 91 b aga9/ wit*craft4 ,t ?is h]b is us$ by wit*es may appe> f ! /ory ( ,anne ,bod5ham1 ! wit* ( ,salisbury1 :o s5t h] ruffian-l spirits to ga!r v]va9 & dill1 :i* 0 to be giv5 to "o :om %e desir$ to bewit*40 ,! magi ( ! anci5t ,elamites or ,p]sians made use ( v]va9 9 _! wor%ip or adoration ( ! sun1 always c>ry+ bran*es ( x 9 _! h&s :5 !y approa*$ ! alt>4 ,!y also believ$ t by sme>+ ! body ov] ) ! juice ( ?is plant1 ! individual c\ld h :atev] he wi%$1 be able to reconcile 8 mo/ invet]ate enemies1 cure diseases1 & p]=m o!r magical op]ations4 ,!y always ga!r$ ! plant :5 nei!r sun nor moon 0 visible1 & p\r$ honey & honeycomb on ! e>? z an atonem5t = robb+ x ( ?is preci\s h]b4 ,! ,greeks call$ x ! ,sacr$ ,h]b1 & us$ x to cleanse ! fe/ival table ( ,jupit] be=e any great c]emony took place4 ,! ,romans also employ$ x 9 ! p]=mance ( _! religi\s rites1 = cleans+ _! alt>s1 & spr9kl+ holy wat]4 ,x 0 hung 9 _! dwell+s to w>d (f evil spirits4 ,v]va9 0 also "o ( ! sacr$ plants ( ! ,druids1 bo? 9 ,gaul & ,brita94 ,!y cut x ) mu* c]emony 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye>1 & made (f]+s to ! e>? = s do+4 ,!y also us$ x to ano9t ! body to cure disease4 ,! anci5t ,greeks & ,romans d$icat$ x to ! god ( w>1 & 9 ,sc&9avia x 0 deem$ sacr$ to ,?or4 ,! eye ano9t$ ) an o9tm5t ( v]va9 0 suppos$ to possess second sight4 ,its influ5ce ov] ,v5us has d\btless to d ) its use z a love tok54 ,x is said t ! cu/om is /ill practis$ 9 ,g]many ( pres5t+ a bride ) a wrea? ( v]va94 ,o!r magic wrea?s worn by lov]s :5 !y wi%$ to see _! fate1 7 compos$ ( rue1 crane's bill1 & will[4 ,! hawkwe$ commonly se5 9 our fields 0 reg>d$ by ! ,greeks z ! emblem ( quick-sight$ness1 believ+ t ! hawk1 a bird r5[n$ = its bright eye & quick sight1 %>p5$ its visual organs ) ! juice ( ?is plant4 ,?us x became fam$ 9 e>ly m$ical practice z a rem$y = dimness ( sight1 & 0 employ$ to fe$ ! hawks us$ 9 ! old art ( falconry4 ,9 ,scotl&1 a twig ( ! r[an tree or m\nta9 a% is (t5 sew$ up 9 ! c['s tail1 to protect ! animal f wit*es & w>locks4 ,! squill 0 us$ by ! ,egyptians = dropsy1 "u ! my/ic "n ( ! 8,eye ( ,typhon04 ,an old "n = ! fruit ( ! m&rake 0 8love apples04 ,!y 7 frequ5tly us$ 9 anci5t times 9 philtres & love potions4 ,?is plant belongs to ! natural ord] ,solanace1 :i* also includes ! potato & ! tobacco plant4 ,its leaves spr+ directly f ! root simil>ly to ^? ( ! lettuce1 be=e x %oots into fl[]1 & its purple-col\r$ blossoms are succe$$ by a yell[ b]ry or 8apple10 :i* /ill rip5s 9 ,pale/9e at ! "t ( ! :eat h>ve/4 ,an ov]dose ( ! fruit is said to produce a sort ( tempor>y insanity4 ,f ! e>lie/ times x has be5 cr$it$ ) magical virtues1 & suppos$ to conf] sup]human p[]s on its possessor4 ,! mo/ valu$ specim5s 7 ^? :i* grew "u a gibbet :]e a malefactor hung 9 *a9s4 ,x 0 believ$ t on be+ torn f ! e>? ! m&rake utt]$ a groan1 & t :osoev] he>d x1 dropp$ dead on ! spot4 ,! approv$ me?od ( ga!r+ x 0 to fa/5 ! plant to a dog's tail1 & beat ! animal till 8 /ruggles pull$ ! root up4 ,! dog he>d ! groan & di$1 b ^? :o direct$ ! proce$+s escap$ by hav+ _! e>s /opp$ ) pit* or wax4 ,x 0 cu/om>y 9 ,g]many 9 m$ival times to =m or c>ve small figures out ( ! m&rake root1 :i* 7 call$ abrunes4 8,^! images10 says ,phillips1 8!y dress$ regul>ly e day1 consult$ z oracles1 & _! repute 0 su* t !y 7 manufactur$ 9 great numb]s & sold 9 cases40 ,!y appe> to h be5 br\ght ov] to ,engl& 9 ! "t ( ,h5ry ,,viii41 & met ) ready pur*as]s1 x be+ pret5d$ t !y w\ld1 ) ! assi/ance ( c]ta9 my/ic words1 be able to increase :atev] money 0 plac$ ne> !m4 ,^! roots 7 said to h be5 tak5 f plants :i* _h gr[n und]nea? gibbets1 & _h be5 influ5c$ by ! fle% ( ! crim9als hung !reon4 ,x is s+ul> h[ ! will[ has ev] be5 associat$ ) sorr[ & sadness1 ev5 f ! "t ! daught]s ( ,israel hung _! h>ps on its bran*es4 ,among hea!n nations ! tree 0 reg>d$ z an evil om51 & 0 us$ z tor*es at fun]als4 8,! e>ly poets10 says ,johns1 8made ! will[ ( despair+ woe10 & ,%akespe>e frequ5tly alludes to x z be+ us$ to weave g>l&s = jilt$ & sorr[-/rick5 lov]s4 ,b5$ick says3-- 8,i (f]$ him my company to a will[ tree1 ei!r to make him a g>l&1 z be+ =sak51 or to b9d him up a rod z be+ wor?y to be :ipp$04 ,& ,bona1 9 ,h5ry ,,vi41 rem>ks3-- 8,tell him1 9 hope he'll prove a wid[] %ortly1 ,i'll we> ! will[ g>l& = 8 sake04 ,x seems to h be5 cu/om>y to we> x tw9$ r\nd ! head z a symbol ( sorr[ & m\rn+1 b ! orig9 ( ! cu/om is unkn[n4 ,a peculi> virtue 0 suppos$ to be atta*$ to ! eat+ ( almonds1 :i* is /ill believ$ 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 viz41 t x protects ! eat] f drunk5ness4 ,g]>d says1 8,five or six be+ tak5 fa/+ keepe a man f be+ drunke04 ,! pretty fl[] call$ ! ba*elor's button1 :i* is common 9 our h$g][s1 is said to possess ! foll[+ peculi> prop]ty ( div9ation4 8,:5 c>ri$ 9 ! pocket by m51 & "u ! apron by wom51 x w reta9 or lose its fre%ness accord+ to ! good or bad success ( ! we>]'s amatory prospects40 ,a consid]able am\nt ( romantic lore l+]s ab\t ! bean & nut4 ,! bean 0 reg>d$ ) v5]ation by bo? ! ,greeks & ,romans1 & on acc\nt ( its sacr$ associations became ! in/rum5t = vot+ by ballot 9 e>ly times4 ,nuts ( v>i\s k9ds h long be5 associat$ ) c]ta9 love *>ms1 & "s ( ^! old cu/oms1 su* z ! crack+ ( nuts1 /ill survive & are practis$ on ,all ,hall[ ,eve4 ,an old *>m = nut-te/+ runs z foll[s3-- 8,two hazel nuts ,i ?rew into ! flame1 ,& to ea* nut ,i gave a swee!>t's "n2 ,?is ) ! l\de/ b\nce me sore amaz$1 ,t 9 a flame ( brighte/ col\r blaz$2 ,z blaz$ ! nut1 s may ?y passion gl[1 ,= 'twas ?y nut t did s brightly gl[04 ,!re is an old tradition t ! :ite haw?orn 0 us$ to plait ! sacr$ cr[n ( ?orns1 & t f t "t ! tree 0 end[$ ) special virtues4 ,an old writ] says3 8,he t be>e? a bran* on hym !re(1 no ?undre1 ne1 no man] ( tempe/ may d]e hym2 ne1 9 ! h[se t x is ynne may none evil gho/ ent]04 ,a great am\nt ( sup]/ition 0 associat$ ) v>i\s f]ns 9 m$ival times1 & f]n se$ 0 suppos$ to possess ! wond]ful prop]ty ( r5d]+ ^? :o swall[$ x invisible4 ,accord+ to ! doctr9e ( ,signatures1 v>i\s %ap$ leaves 7 us$ = special diseases4 ,a liv]-%ap$ leaf 0 us$ to cure compla9ts ( t organ1 & a he>t-%ap$ leaf 0 us$ = diseases ( ! he>t1 & s on4 ,! black hellebore 0 employ$ by ! anci5ts to purify _! dwell+s1 & !y believ$ t its pres5ce 9 _! rooms drove away evil spirits4 ,x 0 also cu/om>y to bless ! cattle ) hellebore to keep !m free f spells wr\ght by ! wick$4 ,:5 dug up = ^! purposes1 c]ta9 religi\s c]emonies 7 obs]v$4 ,fir/ a circle 0 drawn r\nd ! plant ) a sword1 & !n1 turn+ to ! ea/1 a humble pray] 0 made by ! devotee to ,apollo & sculapius1 = p]mission to dig up ! root4 ,if an eagle approa*$ ! spot dur+ ! p]=mance ( ! rites1 x 0 suppos$ to pr$ict ! c]ta9 dea? ( ! p]son :o took up ! plant 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye>4 ,x is relat$ by ,dioscorides t ,c>neades1 ! ,cyr5aic philosoph] :o und]took to answ] ! books ( ,z5o1 %>p5$ 8 wit & quick5$ 8 _s by purg+ 8 head ) p[d]$ hellebore4 ,! peony owes its "n to ,pon1 a fam\s physician ( anci5t ,greece1 :o is said to h cur$1 by ! aid ( ?is plant1 ! w\nds :i* ! ,greeks receiv$ dur+ ! ,trojan w>4 ,x 0 l>gely us$ z an amulet1 & demons 7 suppos$ to fly f ! spot :]e x 0 plant$4 ,a small piece 0 worn r\nd ! neck to protect ! we>] f en*antm5t4 ,!re is a curi\s tradition connect$ ) t *>m+ little fl[] ! =get-me-n4 ,x is1 t ! juice1 or decoction ( ! plant1 has ! peculi> prop]ty ( h>d5+ /eel1 & t if edg$ tools ( t metal be made r$ hot & !n qu5*$ 9 ! juice or decoction1 & ?is be repeat$ sev]al times1 ! /eel w become s h>d z to cut iron )\t turn+ ! edge4 ,! eld] _h a great reputation z an amulet4 ,an old writ] /ates1 8if "o ride ) two little /icks ( eld] 9 8 pockets he %all n fret nor pant let ! horse g nev] s h>d04 ,accord+ to ! ,anatomie ( ! ,eld] 7#afee71 8,! common p keep z a great secret 9 cur+ w\nds ! leaves ( ! eld]1 :i* !y h ga!r$ ! la/ day ( ,april1 :i*1 to disappo9t ! *>ms ( wit*es1 !y _h appli$ to _! doors & w9d[s04 ,a piece cut out betwe5 two knots 0 worn z an amulet aga9/ erysipelas4 ,lupton says3 8,make p[d] ( ! fl[]s ( eld] ga!r$ on ,midsumm] ,day1 be+ be=e well dry$1 & use a spoonful !re( 9 a good draught ( ,borage wat]1 morn+ & ev5+1 fir/ & la/1 = ! space ( a mon?1 & x w make y seem "y a great :ile04 ,! eld] is /ill believ$ 9 ! s\? ( ,g]many to drive away evil spirits1 & 9 ,d5m>k & ,norway x is held 9 ! same v5]ation4 ,x is cu/om>y 9 ! ,tyrol to plant an eld] bu% 9 ! =m ( a cross on a new grave1 & if x blossoms1 ! s\l ( ! body int]r$ b5ea? is suppos$ to be 9 ,p>adise4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,mummies ,,& ,,_! ,,use ,,9 ,,m$ic9e--,,! ,,unicorn4 ,:o fir/ introduc$ mummies z m$ic9al ag5ts is n kn[n1 b !re is some?+ p>ticul>ly weird & gruesome 9 ! idea ( ! anci5t physician dos+ a sick pati5t1 ) ! rema9s ( a pr$eceas$ fell[man1 9 ord] to re/ore him to heal?4 ,! art ( embalm+ 0 practis$ ?\s&s ( ye>s be=e ! ,*ri/ian era1 & 0 reg>d$ z ! greate/ tok5 ( e/eem t c\ld be paid by ! liv+ to ! dead4 ,pomet says !re 7 two k9ds ( embalm+ practis$ by ! anci5t ,egyptians4 ,! fir/ & mo/ co/ly 0 us$ to none b p]sons ( ! highe/ class1 & 0 valu$ at a tal5t ( silv]1 or ab\t #ejj4 ,?ree p 7 employ$ 9 ! op]ation2 "o 0 a k9d ( design] or ov]se]1 :o m>k$ out su* p>ts ( ! body z 7 to be op5$4 ,! next 0 a dissector1 :o ) a knife ( ,e?iopian /one cut ! fle% z mu* z necess>y1 & z ! law w\ld p]mit1 & imm$iately aft]w>ds fl$ away ) all ! exp$ition possible1 because x 0 ! cu/om ( ! relatives & dome/ics to pursue ! dissector ) /ones & d him all ! injuries !y c\ld1 treat+ him z an impi\s wret* & ! wor/ ( m54 ,aft] ?is op]ation ! embalm]s1 :o 7 acc\nt$ holy m51 ent]$ to p]=m _! (fices1 :i* consi/$ 9 remov+ ! int]nal organs1 cleans+ ) palm w9e & o!r aromatical liquor1 & dur+ ! space ( ?irty days !y fill$ ! cavity ) p[d]$ myrrh1 aloes1 ,indian spik5>d1 bitum51 & o!r aromatics4 ,9 ! process ( embalm+ us$ by ! middle class1 :i* co/ ab\t #bej1 ! body 0 syr+$ ) a decoction ( h]bs & oil ( c$>1 !n put into salt = sev5ty days1 aft] :i* x 0 envelop$ 9 b&ages ( f9e l951 :i* _h be5 dipp$ 9 myrrh & asphaltum1 & ! design]1 :o 0 call$ ! scribe1 cov]$ ! wrapp+ ) a pa9t$ clo?1 on :i* 7 repres5t$ ! rites ( _! religion 9 hi]oglyphics1 & ! animals :i* ! dead lov$ mo/4 ,!re 0 a ?ird process ( embalm+ us$ by ! poor] p1 9 :i* a mixture ( pit* & bitum5 0 us$4 ,! bodies 7 fir/ dri$ ) lime1 & !n coat$ ) a mixture ( nitre1 salt1 honey1 & wax to protect !m f ! air4 ,mummies ( deceas$ p]sons 7 held 9 ! greate/ rev]5ce by _! relatives4 ,! faces 7 sometimes gild$ & pa9t$ & adorn$ ) head-clo?s1 !y 7 !n plac$ 9 elaborate cases accord+ to ! position & rank ( ! p]son1 & deposit$ 9 ! highe/ "p ( _! h\ses4 ,an old writ] /ates3 8,!y reckon$ _! deceas$ z su* a valuable tok5 & pl$ge ( _! fai?1 t if any ( !m happ5$ to want money he c\ld n give a bett] security ?an ! embalm$ body ( 8 relation2 & t :i* made x e/eem$ s 01 t !y w\ld sp>e no pa9s to pay ! money aga92 = if by mis*ance ! debtor c\ld n r$eem ?is pl$ge1 he 0 reckon$ unwor?y ( civil society1 :i* engag$ him indisp5sably to f9d out ways to recov] 8 k9sman 9 ! "t limit$1 o!rwise he 0 blam$ by all ! _w04 ,"s #cjj ye>s ago a l>ge trade 0 c>ri$ on1 mo/ly by ,jews1 :o import$ mummies = m$ic9al purposes1 z !y 7 mu* us$ by ! anci5t physicians2 b !re is little d\bt t a great deal ( fraud 0 practis$ by ! mummy m]*ants1 & t _m 7 specially manufactur$ = ! purpose4 ,pomet1 allud+ to ?is 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,druggs1 writes3 8,we may daily see ! ,jews c>ry+ on _! rogu]ies z to ^! mummies1 & aft] !m ! ,*ri/ians2 = ! mummies t 7 br\ght f ,alex&ria1 ,egypt1 ,v5ice1 & ,lyons are no?+ else b ! bodies ( p t die sev]al ways4 ,^? f ,africa call$ :ite mummies1 are no?+ else b bodies t h be5 dr[n$ at sea1 :i*1 be+ ca/ ^u ! ,african coa/1 are buri$ & dri$ 9 ! s&s1 :i* are v hot40 ,:5 ! anci5t physician prescrib$ mummy = a bad heada*e1 he r>ely got :at he imag9$4 8,=10 ! writ] cont9ues3 8,i am n able to /op ! abuses committ$ by ^? :o use ?is commodity4 ,i %all only advise su* z buy to *oose :at is ( a f9e %9+ black1 n full ( bones & dirt1 ( a good smell1 & :i* be+ burnt does n /9k ( pit*4 ,su* is reckon$ prop] = contusions1 & to h9d] blood f coagulat+ 9 ! body4 ,x is also giv5 9 epilepsies1 v]tigoes1 & palsies4 ,! dose is two dra*ms 9 p[d]1 or ! same made into a bolus4 ,x also /ops mortifications1 heals w\nds1 & is an +r$i5t 9 _m compositions40 ,9 a price li/1 dat$ #afhe1 mummy is quot$ at #es4 #d;d4 p] lb4 ,( ! mummies us$ 9 m$ic9e five k9ds 7 kn[n4 ,factiti\s4--,^? 9 :i* bitum5 & pit* 7 l>gely us$ 9 ! process ( embalm+4 ,^? bodies dri$ by ! sun 9 ! c\ntry ( ! ,hammonians betwe5 ,cyr5e & ,alex&ria1 be+ mo/ly ! bodies ( pass5g]s buri$ 9 ! quicks&s4 ,true ,egyptian4 ,! ,arabian1 be+ ^? bodies embalm$ ) myrrh1 aloes1 & o!r aromatic gums4 ,artificial mummies4 ,crollius 9 8 ,royal ,*emi/ gives ! foll[+ process = prep>+ artificial mummy3-- 8,take ! c>cass ( a "y man 7"s say r$ hair$71 n dy+ ( a disease b kill$1 let x lie tw5ty-f\r h\rs 9 cle> wat] 9 ! air1 cut ! fle% 9 pieces1 to :i* add p[d] ( myrrh & a little aloes1 imbibe x tw5ty-f\r h\rs 9 _s ( w9e & turp5t9e1 take x out & hang x up = twelve h\rs1 !n imbibe x aga91 tw5ty-f\r h\rs 9 fre% _s1 !n hang up ! pieces 9 a dry air & a %ady place40 ,a r *e]ful op]ation = ! apo!c>y4 ,x w\ld possibly acc\nt = _m a my/]i\s disappe>ance 9 ^? days4 ,mummy ent]$ into a l>ge numb] ( prep>ations :i* we come across 9 ! old disp5satories4 ,!re 0 ! balsam1 :i* is describ$ by an old writ] z 8hav+ su* a pi]c+ quality t x pi]ce? all p>ts & re/ores wa/$ limbs1 consumption1 & cures all ulc]s & corruptions04 ,beside mummies1 ! apo!c>ies /ock$ human fat1 respect+ :i* gruesome mat]ial ,pomet says3 8,ev]ybody kn[s 9 ,p>is ! public execution] sells x1 ! druggi/s & apo!c>ies a little2 nev]!less1 !y v5d a sort ( x prep>$ ) aromatic h]bs1 & :i* is )\t comp>ison mu* bett] ?an t :i* comes f ! h&s ( ! hangman04 ,human fat 0 mu* e/eem$ = rubb+1 9 cases ( rheumatism & k9dr$ compla9ts4 ,ano!r "p ( ! body us$ 9 anci5t m$ic9e 0 ! human skull2 also a gr[? call$ ! moss f ! human skull1 probably ( fungoid orig91 t appe>$ on ! bone on keep+4 ,an old writ] 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury says3 8,y may see 9 ! druggi/ %ops ( ,london "s skulls entirely cov]$ ) moss1 & "s t only h ! moss gr[+ on "s p>ts4 ,!y s5d ^! skulls especially to ,g]many1 to put into ! composition ( ! sympa!tic o9tm5t :i* ,crollius describes 9 8 ,royal ,*emi/1 & :i* is us$ = ! fall+ sickness40 ,special virtue 0 attribut$ to skulls tak5 f gibbets4 ,ref]r+ to ^!1 ,pomet /ates3 8,! ,engli% druggi/s1 especially ^? ( ,london1 sell skulls ( ! dead ^u :i* !re is a little gre5i% moss call$ usnea1 because ( its ne> resemblance to ! moss :i* gr[s on ! oak4 ,^! skulls mo/ly come f ,irel&1 :]e !y frequ5tly let ! bodies ( crim9als hang on ! gibbet till !y fall to pieces40 ,! human skulls 7 sold at #hs41 #is41 #ajs41 & #aas4 ea*4 ,!y 7 giv5 9 ! =m ( p[d]1 or "o ( ! prep>ations1 su* z ! oil or t9cture4 ,besides ! skull1 o!r human bones1 calc9$ & p[d]$ 7 us$4 ,an oil & a t9cture ( skulls1 an extract ( ! gall & ! he>t ( man made ) rectifi$ _s1 0 dropp$ into ! e> z a rem$y = deafness1 & also giv5 int]nally = epilepsy4 ,human hair 0 us$ = jaundice1 f+]-nails z an emetic 7:i* "o c h>dly wond] at71 & blood drawn f a heal?y man1 drunk hot1 0 us$ to prev5t fits com+ on4 ,! bra9s ( v>i\s birds & animals 7 highly e/eem$4 ,! latt] 7 roa/$ & rubb$ on *ildr5's gums :5 tee?+4 ,! liv]s ( ducks & frogs1 & a dead m\se dri$ & beat5 into p[d]1 7 giv5 to relieve kidney disease4 ,ano!r extraord9>y article us$ 9 m$ic9e 0 ! horn ( t fabul\s animal ! unicorn4 ,conc]n+ its orig9 we h rec\rse aga9 to ,pomet1 :o /ates1 8! unicorn is an animal :i* our naturali/s describe "u ! figure ( a horse1 hav+ 9 ! middle ( 8 head a spiral horn ( two or ?ree feet long1 b we "k n ! real tru? ( ?is matt] to ?is day04 ,?is horn 0 =m]ly held 9 high e/eem because ( ! great virtues attribut$ to x by ! anci5ts1 especially aga9/ poisons1 8:i* is ! reason t s _m great p]sons are fond ( x1 s t x has be5 valu$ at its weight 9 gold04 ,ambrose ,p>a5s1 9 a treatise :i* he wrote on ! unicorn1 says t 9 ! des]ts ( ,arabia he f\nd wild asses c>ry+ a horn 9 ! front1 :i* !y us$ to fight aga9/ ! bulls4 ,t !re 0 an animal ) "o horn1 mo/ ( ! old writ]s agree1 b :e!r x 0 a goat1 or an ox1 or a h>t1 or an ass1 no "o c\ld say4 ,! horn 0 probably collect$ f any ( ^! animals1 & z long z ! horn 0 !re x d\btless answ]$ ! purpose4 ,! true unicorn1 if y d>e believe ,ludovicus ,v]tomanus1 :o says he saw two ( !m 9 ,mecca :i* 7 kept )9 ! prec9cts ( ,mahomet's sepul*re1 is ( a weasel col\r1 8) ! head l t ( a h>t1 ! neck n long1 & ! mane gr[+ all on "o side1 ! legs sl5d] & lean l ! legs ( a h9d1 ho(s clov5 l a goat's feet1 & ! h9d] legs all hairy & %aggy on ! outside4 ,8 horn 0 wrea!d 9 spires ( an ivory col\r40 ,!re is little d\bt t mo/ ( ! horn us$ m$ic9ally1 0 t obta9$ f ! n>:al or sea unicorn4 ,9 ! ye> #aeec a great unicorn's horn 0 br\ght to ! ,k+ ( ,france1 & valu$ at #bj1jjj /]l+4 ,t :i* 0 pres5t$ to ,*>les ,i4 ( ,engl& is suppos$ to h be5 "o ( ! l>ge/ ev] se5 9 ! _w4 8,x 0 sev5 feet long1 weigh$ ?irte5 p\nds1 & 0 9 ! %ape ( a wax c&le1 b wrea!d )9 itself 9 spires1 holl[ ab\t a foot f its root1 gr[+ tap] little by little t[>ds ! po9t ( poli%$ smoo?ness1 & ! col\r n p]fectly :ite40 ,anci5t au?ors ascribe wond]ful prop]ties to ! horn ( ! unicorn4 ,x 0 suppos$ to resi/ all k9ds ( poisons1 cure ! plague1 all mann] ( fev]s1 ! bit+ ( s]p5ts1 mad dogs1 etc41 & 0 *iefly us$ z a cordial1 = :i* purpose a jelly 0 made ( x4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,society ,,( ,,apo!c>ies--,,apo!c>ies ,,& ,,_! ,,practice--,,apo!c>ies ,,& ,,_! ,,bills--,,curi\s ,,rem$ies--,a ,,drug ,,price ,,li/ ,,( #afhe4 ,! e>lie/ record ( ! apo!c>y 9 ,engl& seems to be ( "o ,ri*>d ,fitznigel1 :o act$ 9 t capacity to ,h5ry ,,ii4 ,?is individual subsequ5tly rose 9 degree at ,c\rt1 & ex*ang+ ! pe/le = ! crozi]1 ev5tually became ,bi%op ( ,london4 ,9 #acde we he> ( "o ,c\rsus de ,gangl& receiv+ = 8 s]vices z apo!c>y to ,edw>d ,,iii41 & = tak+ c>e ( & att5d+ 8 ,maje/y dur+ 8 illness 9 ,scotl&1 a p5sion ( sixp5ce a day4 ,^? :o practis$ m$ic9e1 surg]y1 & ph>macy 7 call$ physicians1 :ile _! assi/ants 7 kn[n z apo!c>ies4 ,_m ( ! latt]1 z !y began to le>n ! secrets & habits ( _! employ]s1 began bus9ess on _! own acc\nt1 also deal+ 9 drugs & o!r commodities1 until !y became a p[]ful body4 ,:5 ! ,college ( ,physicians 0 e/abli%$ 9 #aeah1 !y 7 soon emp[]$ 8to se>*1 view1 & see ! apo!c>ies' w>es1 drugs & /uffs1 & de/roy su* z !y f\nd unfit = use04 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! c5tury a di/9ct sep>ation took place1 & we f9d t 9 #afjj !re 7 physicians1 surgeons1 apo!c>ies1 b>b] surgeons1 druggi/s or di/ill]s & sell]s ( wat]s & oils1 & prep>]s ( *emical m$ic9es4 ,x 0 n until ! ye> #afag t ! ,apo!c>ies' ,society _h a sep>ate exi/5ce1 :5 x 0 enact$ t no groc] %\ld keep an apo!c>y's %op1 & t no surgeon %\ld sell m$ic9es4 ,9 #afbc ! ,society ( ,apo!c>ies e/abli%$ a disp5s>y1 = ! purpose ( mak+ "s ( ! mo/ important m$ic9es !n us$ 9 a uni=m mann]1 & 9 ,may1 #afah1 ! fir/ ,ph>macopia 0 publi%$ by ! ,college ( ,physicians4 ,we are told t x 0 s imp]fect t !y br\ght out an improv$ edition 9 ,decemb] ( ! same ye>4 ,?is 0 publi%$ 9 ,lat91 & x 0 ?r\gh mak+ & publi%+ 8 translation ( ?is "w t ,ni*olas ,culpepp] 7:o 0 a man ( common-s5se 9 8 "t7 got into disgrace ) ! ,college ( ,physicians1 :o 9 consequ5ce refus$ him a lic5ce to practise4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,physician4 ,f a draw+1 dat$ #adij4 ,! hi/ory ( ! ,society ( ,apo!c>ies ( ,london is an int]e/+ "o4 ,x is a my/]y or guild :i* has reta9$ its orig9al function ( a trad+ corporation4 ,x arose z an (f%oot ( ! ,groc]s' ,company1 :i* desc5d$ f ! pepp]]s & ! spic]s1 :o amalgamat$ 9 #acde "u ! "n ( ! ,frat]nity ( ,/4 ,an?ony4 ,! ,groc]s' ,company is "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful & weal?y ( ! twelve great ,liv]y ,companies ( ,london :i* h surviv$ f m$ival times4 ,k+ ,james ,i4 appe>s to h int]e/$ himself 9 ! sep>ation ( ! two bodies ab\t ! ye> #afad1 & 9 spite ( vigor\s opposition by ! groc]s1 a *>t] 0 grant$ on #f? ,decemb]1 #afag1 mak+ ! apo!c>ies a di/9ct my/]y1 "u ! title ( ! ,society ( ,apo!c>ies4 ,?is *>t] re/ra9$ ! groc]s & all o!r p]sons f keep+ an apo!c>y's %op 9 or ne> ,london1 & x gave ! ,society a "r :i* _h be5 inh]5t 9 ! ,groc]s' ,company1 ( pay+ domicili>y visits to ! apo!c>ies' %ops to se>* =1 to seize1 & de/roy bad drugs & m$ic9es1 a p[] at fir/ limit$ to ,london & sev5 miles r\nd1 b aft]w>ds ext5d$ ?r\gh\t ,engl& & ,wales4 ,?is 0 discont9u$ %ortly aft] #ahcc4 ,! fir/ hall or c\ncil-h\se ( ! society consi/$ ( a h\se & gr\nds kn[n z ,cobham ,h\se1 9 ,wat] ,lane1 ,blackfri>s1 imm$iately beh9d :at is n[ ! ,ludgate ,hill ,/ation4 ,x 0 pur*as$ 9 #afcc1 ma9ly ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( ,gideon ,delaune1 *ief apo!c>y to ,anne ( ,d5m>k1 :o 0 "o ( ! ret9ue s5t to att5d h] f ,norway :5 %e became ! wife ( ,james ,i4 ,?is hall 0 de/roy$ by ! great fire ( ,london 9 #afff1 & its site lay vacant = t5 ye>s be=e x 0 rebuilt4 ,! second hall 0 enl>g$ & improv$ 9 #aghf1 & x /ill /&s4 ,9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,anne1 ,pr9ce ,george ( ,d5m>k1 :o 0 !n ,"l ,high ,admiral1 appli$ to ! society to "k if !y w\ld und]take to supply ! navy ) drugs1 z x 0 v badly s]v$ at t "t4 ,?is ! society agre$ to d1 & = s do+ 0 drawn into a long s]ies ( qu>rels ) ! ,college ( ,physicians1 ^: memb]s ?\ght x 0 ! duty ( an apo!c>y 8to rememb] 8 (fice is only to be ! physician's cooke04 ,a k ( h]bs & simples 0 soon f\nd necess>y to ^! e>ly comp\nd]s ( m$ic9e1 & z a means ( in/ruction1 botanical excursions or h]boris+s1 z !y 7 call$ 9 ^? days1 soon =m$ a prom95t feature ( ! society4 ,?is l$ ev5tually to ! decision to r5t a physic g>d51 = :i* purpose ! g>d5s available ne> ! hall 7 unsuitable1 & 9 #afgc ! ,botanic ,g>d5 at ,*elsea 0 leas$ to ! apo!c>ies = a t]m ( sixty-"o ye>s1 by ,*>les ,*eyne1 ,esq41 "l ( ! manor4 ,! cu/om ( exam9ation grew up )9 ! society v gradually1 ! fir/ exam9ations be+ f\nd necess>y to asc]ta9 :e!r ! appr5tices c\ld deciph] ! v illegible h&writ+ 9 :i* ! physicians wrote _! prescriptions or bills1 an accompli%m5t = :i* app>5tly !y h be5 ev] fam\s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,,an ,,apo!c>y',s ,,%op4 ,f a draw+ by ,drap5ti]1 #afgj4 ,!n came ! division ( ! apo!c>ies f ! druggi/s1 ! =m] 9 ! process ( "t becom+ a subord9ate class ( practition]s :o att5d$ an individual afflict$ ) "s int]nal disease n requir+ ext]nal or manual aid1 & :o prescrib$ = ! cure ( su* compla9t & suppli$ ! m$ic9e2 :ile ! latt] 7 suppos$ to conf9e !mselves to ! deal+ 9 & prep>ation ( drugs = ! apo!c>y4 ,! apo!c>y 0 paid = ! m$ic9e :i* he suppli$1 :i* 0 n by any means 9 small quantities1 & s 0 suppos$ n to encroa* o/5sibly ^u ! prov9ce ( ! physician1 :o receiv$ 8 remun]ation = advice only1 & did n provide m$ic9e4 ,9 #ahab a tax 0 put ^u glass :i* increas$ ! price ( bottles greatly1 mu* to ! *agr9 ( ! apo!c>ies1 :o 7 paid accord+ to ! numb] ( draughts & potions :i* !y c\ld induce _! pati5ts to swall[4 ,x 0 cu/om>y to place ea* dose ( m$ic9e 9 a sep>ate bottle1 & *>ge x at ! rate ( "o or two %ill+s a dose1 s ! apo!c>y naturally felt aggriev$ at ! glass tax1 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 soon aft]w>ds repeal$4 ,! foll[+ excell5t rules & regulations 7 laid d[n by ,william ,bulleyn = ! guidance ( apo!c>ies ( 8 "t3-- ,,! ,,apotic>ye4 #a4 ,mu/ fir/ s]ve ,god1 =esee ! end1 be cleanly1 pity ! poor4 #b4 ,mu/ n be suborn$ = money to hurt mank9d4 #c4 ,8 place ( dwell+ & %op to be cleanly1 to please ! s5ses )al4 #d4 ,8 g>d5 mu/ be at h&1 ) pl5ty ( h]bs1 se$s1 & roots4 #e4 ,to s[1 set1 plant1 ga!r1 pres]ve1 & keep !m 9 due "t4 #f4 ,to read ,dioscorides2 to "k ! nature ( plants & h]bs4 #g4 ,to inv5t m$ic9es2 to *oose by col\r1 ta/e1 od\r1 figure1 etc4 #h4 ,to h 8 mort>s1 /ills1 pots1 filt]s1 glasses1 & boxes clean & sweet4 #i4 ,to h *>coals at h& to make decoctions1 syrups1 etc4 #aj4 ,to keep 8 clean w>e close1 & ca/ away ! baggage4 #aa4 ,to h two places 9 8 %op--"o mo/ clean = ! physic1 & a bas] place = ! *irurgic /uff4 #ab4 ,t he nei!r increase nor dim9i% ! physician's bill 7i4e41 prescription71 & keep x = 8 own dis*>ge4 #ac4 ,t he nei!r buy nor sell rott5 drugs4 #ad4 ,t he p]use (t5 8 w>es t !y corrupt n4 #ae4 ,t he put n 9 quid pro quo )\t advisem5t4 #af4 ,t he may op5 well a ve9 = to help pleurisy4 #ag4 ,t he m$dle only 9 8 vocation4 #ah4 ,t he delight to read ,nicolaus1 ,myrepsus1 ,val]ius1 ,cordus1 ,johannes ,placaton1 ! ,lubri1 etc4 #ai4 ,t he d rememb] 8 (fice is only to be ! physician's cook4 #bj4 ,t he use true measure & weight4 #ba4 ,to rememb] 8 end & ! judgm5t ( ,god2 & ?us d ,i comm5d him to ,god1 if he be n covet\s or crafty1 seek+ 8 own lucre be=e o!r m5's help1 succ\r & com=t4 ,9 ,glasg[ ! sale ( drugs & poisons 0 c>efully re/rict$ & regulat$ z f> back z #aeii4 ,"u ! t]ms ( a *>t] grant$ to ! ,faculty by ,k+ ,james ,,vi41 & dat$ ,novemb]1 #aeii1 visitors 7 appo9t$1 & !y 7 giv5 8,full p[] to call1 sumonnd1 & conv5e be=e ?ame1 )9 ! said burgh ( ,glasg[1 or onie o!ris ( ouir said burr[is1 or publict places ( ! foirsaids b\ndis1 all p]sonis pr(ess+ or us+ ! said airt ( ,*irurgie1 to exam9e ?ame ^u ?air lit]ature1 knawl$ge & practize2 gif !y be fund wordie1 to admit1 all[1 & approve ?ame1 give !m te/imonial accord+ to ! airt & knawl$ge t !y sal be fund wordie to ex]cise ?>eftir1 resave ?air ai?is1 & au?orize ?ame z accordis1 & to dis*>ge ?ame to use onie f>d] nor !y h knawl$ge pass+ _! capacity1 lai/ our subjectis be abusit04 ,x 0 fur!r provid$ by 8,james1 be ! ,grace ( ,god1 ,k+ ( ,scottis10 9 8 fa!rly solicitude = 8 subjects1 t 8,! saidis visit\ris sall visit ev]ie hurt1 mur!rit1 poisonit1 or onie o!r p]s\n tane awa extraord9>ily1 & to report to ! ,magi/rate ( ! fact z x is04 ,! visitors 7 also emp[]$1 ) ! advice ( _! bre?r51 to make regulations = ! common weal an5t ! art ( surg]y1 & to inflict puni%m5t ^u ^? infr++ !m4 ,) reg>d to ! sale ( drugs1 x 0 provid$ t-- 8,na manir ( p]sonis sell onie droggis )9 ! ,citie ( ,glasg[1 except ! sam be si*tit be ! saidis visit\ris1 & be ,william ,spang1 apo!c>1 "u ! pane ( confiscati\ne ( ! droggis04 ,! responsibility ( ! sell] is cle>ly def9$ 9 a clause :i* fur!r /ipulates t-- 8,nane sell ret\n poison1 as5ick1 or sublemate1 "u ! pane ( ane hundr$ m]kis1 excep onlie ! apo!c>ies quha sall be bund to take cauti\n ( ! by>is1 = coi/1 skai?1 & damage04 ,^! p[]s 7 confirm$ by ,*>les1 8,k+ ( ,great ,brita91 ,france1 & ,irel&04 ,! anci5t apo!c>y believ$ 9 ! adm9i/ration ( physic 9 quantities :i*1 9 ^! advanc$ days ( inf9itesimal doses & conc5trat$ prep>ations1 w\ld be consid]$ some?+ al>m+4 ,! foll[+ int]e/+ extract is f ! di>y ( ,william ,blundell1 a celebrat$ cavali] ( ,lanca%ire1 :o took an active "p 9 _m ( ! conflicts 9 ,cromwell's "t4 ,on be+ tak5 ill1 we are told1 he s5t = 8 m$ical man1 "o ,dr4 ,wor?+ton1 ( ,wigan4 ,! doctor's bill1 toge!r ) "s qua9t rem>ks !reon1 are ent]$ 9 ! cavali]'s di>y by 8 man1 ,ma/] ,!lwall1 z foll[s3-- #afha4 8,aft] my ma/] _h be5 long ill ( a viol5t cold1 ,dr4 ,wor?+ton came fir/ unto him on #h? ,janu>y4 ,he /aid two nights1 & receiv$ = 8 pa9s #a #ajs4 ,he br\ght along ) him1 a loho*1 t5 pills1 ) a bottle ( spirits some:at bigg] ?an "o's ?umb1 & a pap] ( loz5ges1 ) ,fr5* b>ley & sev]al +r$i5ts = mak+ ! wat] !re(4 ,on ! elev5? day he s5t a gli/]1 ) a l>ge p9t bottle ( a cordial julep1 & a small bottle ( syrups1 to be suck$ up ) a liquorice /ick1 also "s small quantity ( sal prunella4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,physician4 ,f a draw+ by ,amman1 ,sixte5? ,c5tury4 8,! doctor 0 ) my ma/] ! second "t1 on #ag? ,janu>y1 & receiv$ = 8 pa9s #aes40 ,!n comes ! copy ( ,dr4 ,wor?+ton's bill1 dat$ #bd? ,octob]1 #afha3-- s4 d4 ,spirits #j #d #f ,an o9tm5t #j #a #d ,janu>y #h4 ,spirits #j #d #f ,t5 pills #j #b #j ,a loho* #j #b #j ,loz5ges #j #d #j ,jujubes & sib]t9es #j #j #h ,fr5* b>ley #j #a #j ,+r$i5ts #j #a #f ,syrups #j #c #j ,a cordial julep #j #aj #f ,a gli/] #j #b #f ,janu>y #aa4 ,syrups #j #c #j ,:ite p[d] #j #j #d ,five pills #j #a #c ,! oil$ sug> #j #g #j ,syrups #j #e #f ,oil ( sweet almonds #j #a #h ,spirits ( ptisanne #j #g #f ,= a mess5g] #j #a #f ---------- #c #e #c ,ma/] ,!lwall !n goes on to say3 8,my ma/]'s op9ion ( ^! sev]al ?+s 9 p>ticul>1 is "h to be ins]t$ = fur!r use1 viz41 t ! spirits fir/ nam$1 ( :i* tw5ty-six drops 7 put into "o small cup ( b>ley wat] & be]1 _h no app>5t effect1 al?\gh he do? n mu* d\bt b ! secret effect might be good4 ,t ! l might be said ( ! pills1 m5tion$ 9 two places1 al?\gh x seem$ t !y did some:at assuage 8 c\gh1 :i* 0 extremely viol5t4 ,! loho*1 a liquor l syrup1 did app>5tly br+ up phlegm1 & 0 well lik$4 ,! loz5ges 7 pleasant1 & did sometimes /op ! c\gh4 ,b>ley wat] ) ! +r$i5ts 0 cool+ & pleasant4 ,syrups twice m5tion$1 al?\gh ( mu* diff]5t prices1 seem$ to be ! same4 8,! cordial julep1 ( :i* !re 0 a l>ge p9t bottle1 0 pleasant1 b ! effect n app>5t4 ,! gli/] extraord9>y effective & good4 ,:ite p[d]1 suppos$ to be sal prunella1 assuag$ ! ?ir/4 ,! oil$ sug>1 ) ! spirits ptisanne1 besides ! extreme de>ness1 0 almo/ :olly useless1 9 reg>d t ! pati5t be+ mu* 9 ! m5d+ h& :5 !y 7 s5t unto him4 ,he s5t back to ! doctor ab\t sev5-eigh?s ( ! oil$ sug>1 & yet he paid = ! :ole4 ,! oil ( sweet almonds1 ( :i* sev5 or eight drops 7 tak5 9 a bolus ( :ite sug>-c&y1 frequ5tly help$ ! brea/ made v sore by c\gh+40 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,apo!c>y4 ,f a draw+1 #afda4 ,we subsequ5tly le>n t ! good old cavali] 0 at l5g? cur$ ( 8 ailm5ts1 :i* he c]ta9ly ought to h be5 f ! multiplicity ( ! rem$ies employ$4 ,_m ( ! =ms 9 :i* m$ic9e 0 adm9i/]$ 9 ^? days h entirely gone out ( use1 & o!rs we h /ill ) u4 ,ano!r example ( ! apo!c>y's bill appe>s 9 ! app5dix to ! ,elev5? ,report ( ! ,hi/orical ,manuscripts' ,commission1 among ! transcripts ( ! manuscripts ( ! ,m>quess ,t[n%5d4 ,!re is "o1 dat$ #bd? ,june1 #afai1 ( a pap] endors$ 8,! ,apo?yc>ie's bill10 ,sir ,rog] ,t[n%5d's acc\nt1 :i* conta9s ! foll[+ items3-- s4 d4 8,gr5e g+]0 #g #j ,tabacco #b #j ,gr5e g+] #h #j ,a masse ( pills #e #j ,an electu>ye #c #f ,"u ! "n ( ,mr4 ,/anhope ,t[n%5d1 #ab? ,septemb]1 #afah1 are3-- s4 d4 8,a cly/]0 #c #d ,a julep #c #j ,a cordiall ) beho>d/on #c #j ,! cordiall julep #c #j ,he>bs = bro! #j #d ,rose wat] #j #f ,a suppositorye #j #f ,ano!r suppositorye #j #f ,an ungu5t #j #c ,a purge #c #j ,purge+ pills #b #f ,! loho*1 ! base ( :i* consi/$ ( honey or ?ick syrup1 0 a v fav\rite =m ( m$ic9e = a c\gh1 su* z ! loho* demulc5t1 loho* ( fox's lungs1 & loho* expectorant4 ,! julep 0 ano!r anci5t =m ( adm9i/ration mu* 9 vogue4 ,balsams1 ( div]s compositions1 _h great repute z expectorants4 ,william ,blundell 9 8 di>y 7#afha7 m5tions3 8,! ,eld] ,lady ,brad%aw s5t a bottle conta9+1 z we guess1 ab\t "o ounce ( balsam1 :i* 9 h] lett] %e calls #8,balsam ( ,sulphur'4 ,t x mu/ be tak5 morn+ & night1 ?ree or f\r drops1 nak$ & alone 9 a spoon2 t x mu/ be w>m$ be=e x w drop at all1 by reason its ?ick & clammy40 ,! sug>$ oils 7 simply made by triturat+ v>i\s ess5tial oils ) :ite sug>1 & usually giv5 = _! c>m9ative action4 ,ano!r fav\rite vehicle 0 bro?1 g5]ally compos$ ( _m & /range +r$i5ts4 ,we h come across ! bro? ( calves' lungs1 bro? ( ! bones ( liz>ds1 & bro?s made f snails1 tortoises1 woodlice1 crabs1 & vip]s4 ,! recipe = ! bro? ( vip] we h tak5 f an old black-lett] book1 & is r curi\s3-- 8 ,liv+ vip] j4 ,remove 8 head1 tail & visc]a1 except+ 8 he>t & liv]1 cut x into little pieces & mix x ) ! blood1 & add-- ,well wat] #ab ounces 9 a close vessel1 boil = two h\rs & /ra91 & ! bro? w be made40 ,! mat]ia m$ica ( ! old apo!c>y 0 l>gely drawn f ! animal k+dom1 ! great] "p ( x be+1 no d\bt1 h&$ d[n f a v e>ly p]iod1 :5 wit*craft & sup]/ition ex]t$ a p[]ful influ5ce on ! m9ds ( ! p4 ,among ! _m curi\s ?+s us$1 we f9d t ! liv] ( a mad dog1 or a wolf1 wa%$ 9 w9e & dri$ 9 a /ove1 0 employ$ z a rem$y = hydrophobia4 ,! nimble liz>d _h a reputation z a sudorific & antisyphilitic4 ,dri$ toads & ! ca/-(f sk9s ( snakes & add]s1 7 adm9i/]$ 9 dropsy z a diuretic4 ,! horn ( rh9oc]os 0 us$ 9 epilepsy1 & goat's blood & eel's liv] z a cure = dys5t]y4 ,! oil ( frog's spawn 0 celebrat$ z an application = *ilbla9s4 ,! jawbone ( a pike & ! sp9e ( a lamprey 9 p[d]1 7 prescrib$ = leucorrha4 ,pepys m5tions 9 8 di>y1 t he wore a h>e's foot z a sov]eign rem$y aga9/ ! plague1 9 :i* *>m he seem$ to place m fai? ?an 9 ! v>i\s plague wat]s t 7 recomm5d$ to him z unfail+ antidotes = t t]rible disease4 ,9 ! "t ( ,edw>d ,i4 !re 0 a li/ ( drugs record$ by ! k+'s physician1 "o ,ni*olas de ,tyngewyke1 9 #acjg1 :i* ?r[s an int]e/+ light on ! ph>macy ( t p]iod4 ,! li/ includes di/ill$ oil ( turp5t9e1 aromatic fl[]s = ba?s1 c>m9ative electu>ies1 pla/]s & o9tm5ts ( v>i\s k9ds1 ! oils ( :eat1 a%1 & bay1 wat] ( ! roses ( ,damascus1 w9e ( pomegranates1 rem$ies prep>$ f pe>ls1 jac9?s1 & coral1 & _m o!r drugs4 ,! k+ 0 tak5 ill at ,c>lisle1 & ! co/ ( convey+ ^! rem$ies f ,london to t city am\nt$ to #aei #aas4 #aj;d41 ! apo!c>y's bill = ! m$ic9es be+ #acd #afs4 #d;d4 ,9 #aeif ,sir ,h5ry ,w9ton1 :o 0 s5t z ambassador by ,elizabe? to ,h5ry ,,iv4 ( ,france1 met ) an accid5t :ile on 8 mission4 ,accord+ to ! records 8he 0 physick$ ) confectio alc>mas1 :i* 0 compos$ ( musk1 amb]1 gold1 pe>l1 & unicorn's horn1 & ) pigeons appli$ to 8 side1 & all o!r means t art c\ld devise suffici5t to expel ! /ronge/ poison1 & he be n bewit*t )all04 ,! apo!c>ies ( ! sev5te5? c5tury 7 n ov]burd5$ ) ! e/imable virtue ( mode/y1 z in/anc$ 9 ! foll[+ qua9t ann\ncem5t3-- 8,cornelius ,tilbury1 sworn *irurgeon-9-ord9>y to ,k4 ,*>les ,,ii41 to 8 late ,sov]eign ,k4 ,william1 z also to h] pres5t ,maje/y ,que5 ,anne--address at ! ,blue ,fl[] ,pot1 9 ,great ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields1 at ,holb\rn ,r[ 7:]e y see at night a light ov] ! door72 & = ! conv5i5ce ( ^? t desire privacy1 !y may come ?r\gh ! ,r$ ,lyon ,inn 9 ,holb\rn1 betwe5 ! two turn/iles1 :i* is directly aga9/ my back door1 :]e y w see ! sign ( ! ,blue ,ball hung ov] ! door4 8,i dispose ( my fam\s ,orvietan1 ei!r liquid or 9 p[d]1 :at quantity or price y please4 ,?is is t ,orvietan t expell$ t va/ quantity ( poison ,i took be=e ,k4 ,*>les ,,ii41 = :i* 8 ,maje/y pres5t$ me ) a gold m$al & a *a940 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,apo!c>y4 ,f an engrav+1 #aeag4 ,! physician's fees 7 by no means small 9 ! "t ( ! ,commonweal?1 z may be judg$ f ! foll[+ extract f ! ,memoirs ( ! ,v]ney ,family3-- 8,sir ,!odore ,may]ne is bury$10 writes ,dr4 ,d5ton1 8& di$ wor? #adj1jjj40 ,sir ,ralph ?\ght #cj too small a fee to pay ,dr4 ,d5ton = 8 att5dance on 8 wife dur+ h] conf9em5t1 b = 8 press+ pov]ty he w\ld h s5t him #ej1 equal to ab\t #bjj ( our pres5t money4 ,dr4 ,radcliffe's regul> fees 7 e/imat$ to br+ him 9 an income ( at lea/ #djjj a ye>2 ,dr4 ,mead's 7 valu$ at betwe5 #ejjj & #fjjj4 ,sir ,george ,:el]'s sickness1 aft] a ,*ri/mas d9n] at ,dr4 ,d5ton's1 co/ him 8! be/ "p ( #ajj04 ,he _h caught a *ill aft] danc+1 :i* turn$ to 8a spott$ feav\r02 ,sir ,george ,ent 0 call$ 93 he _h all sorts ( 8,applications ( ,bli/]s & ,l\danums04 8,my ,apo!c>y's 444 bill came to #bh4 ,he 0 a good man1 & told me if ,i fell into a feav\r aga91 ,sage ,possit w\ld d me z mu* good z all ! ,physitians ,prescriptions40 ,9 ,sir ,daniel ,flem+'s acc\nt books we h record ( ! am\nt paid to m$ical practition]s 9 #afei1 z foll[s3-- ,to ,doctor ,dykes = come+ & lay+ pla/]s unto ,w #j #aj #j ,= 8 plai/]s & pa9es contribut$ t[>ds ! cure ( ,w1 ! sum ( #e #j #j ,a fur!r entry also %[s ! value ( ! midwife's s]vices at ! same p]iod4 ,"u date ,july #cj?1 #afei4 ,giv5 unto ,daniel ,h>rison's wife = be+ my wife's midwife1 #e_/-4 ,9 ! h\sehold books ( ,"l ,william ,h[>d we le>n t on #be? ,septemb]1 #afab1 he paid "o ,mr4 ,adamson1 an apo!c>y ( ,keswick1 8= xxii dayes & 8 physick1 xiii4 vi1s4 viii1d04 ,"s ( ! e>ly prep>ations us$ 9 ph>macy 7 z elaborate z !y 7 my/]i\s4 ,! ,treacle ( ,&roma*us ! eld]1 a recipe ( great antiquity1 conta9$ sixty-?ree +r$i5ts2 & ! celebrat$ ,mi?ridate ( ,damocratis conta9$ =ty-eight4 ,! orig9 ( ! =mula = 8,mi?ridates0 is ascrib$ to ,mi?ridates1 ,k+ ( ,pontus1 ^: recipe ,pompey br\ght to ,rome1 :]e ,damocratis sang its praises & proclaim$ its virtues4 ,x 0 consid]$ by ! anci5ts a panacea = e ill4 ,( ! hi/oric prep>ation kn[n z ! ,treacle ( ,&roma*us1 its inv5tion is attribut$ to t wor?y4 ,pl9y says t ! =mula ( a simil> composition 0 inscrib$ 9 v]se #cjj ye>s be=e ! ,*ri/ian era ^u ! temple ( sculapius1 & t ,&roma*us m]ely imitat$1 by ord] ( ,n]o1 ! composition ( ! ,mi?ridate1 :i* _h !n be5 kn[n = a consid]able "t4 ,( ! =ms ( adm9i/ration !re 7 a great v>iety 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 & _m1 su* z ! ,rob :i* consi/$ ( ! juice ( fruits boil$ d[n to two-?irds1 ! loho*1 & ! treacle1 h q gone out ( use4 ,b not)/&+ mod]n rese>* & sci5tific advance1 "s ( ! anci5t =mul /ill survive & are employ$ to-day4 ,x may n be g5]ally kn[n t ! prep>ation kn[n z hi]a picra 0 orig9at$ by ,gal51 on ! prop]ties ( :i* he plac$ high value on acc\nt ( its excessively bitt] ta/e4 ,*>as /ates t ! great physician gave x ! "n ( hi]a picra or holy bitt]4 ,9 ! pil4 aloes4 et myrrh4 ( ! ,briti% ,ph>macopia1 commonly kn[n by ! old "n ( ,pil4 ,ruffi41 we h a =mula h&$ d[n intact = ov] a ?\s& ye>s4 ,9 m$ival times ladies 7 n above us+ prep>ations to beautify _! complexions1 & among o!rs = ?is purpose1 we f9d ! =mula ( a c]ate compos$ ( :ite wax1 sp]maceti1 oil ( cole se$1 bismu?1 borax1 & alum1 :i* 0 spread on a clo? to cov] ! face at night1 & worn z a mask4 ,among ! p>ts ( ! body us$ z m$ic9e 0 human blood1 on :i* "s e>ly physicians set great value = ! cure ( epilepsy & diseases ( ! bra94 ,*>as1 9 8 ,royal ,ph>macopia1 says3 8,9 ! mon? ( ,may take a consid]able quantity ( heal?y "y m5's blood1 let blood 9 t season :o are n r$ hair$4 ,?is blood is to be di/ill$ twice1 or spread on plates & dri$ 9 ! sun or an ov54 ,all writ]s extol ! volatile salt ( man's blood1 = ! cure ( epilepsy1 x be+ also v prop] to suppress vap\rs t arise f ! /oma* & sple540 ,9 a ,celtic lee*-book pres]v$ 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,leyd51 :i* is said to h be5 writt5 9 ! n9? c5tury1 !re are ! foll[+ curi\s recipes3-- 8#a4 ,to prev5t wr9kles4 ,sme> ! face ) a mixture ( wat] & ! p\nd$ root ( wild cucumb]4 ,wa% ) cold wat]4 #8,hc s triduo facere uolu]is mirabilem effectum uidebis4' 8#b4 ,to remove freckles4 ,rub a bull's gall on ! face4 8#c4 ,to cure heada*es4 ,ga!r planta9-root be=e sunrise1 & tie x on ! head4 ,use also ! juice ( ! se$ ( ! eld]-tree1 a c['s bra91 goat's dung dissolv$ 9 v9eg>2 swall[s' ne/s mix$ ) wat]1 & appli$ to ! =ehead2 wat] out ( :i* an ass or an ox has drunk4 8#d4 ,to purge ! head4 ,p\r ! juice ( cabbage 7brassica7 into ! no/rils4 8#e4 ,= dimness ( ! eyes4 ,p\nd f5nel-roots1 mix ) honey1 & boil ov] a sl[ fire2 add ci/]n-wat] or woman's milk4 ,sme> ! eyes ) ! fat ( a fox 7adipe volpis74 8#f4 ,ano!r rem$y4 ,mix a *ild's ur9e 7lotium infantis7 ) ! be/ honey2 add a decoction ( f5nel-roots 7#8omnem calig9em mirabilit] discutiet'74 8#g4 ,! beg9n+ ( ?is p>agraph has be5 cut (f4 ,! rem$ies prescrib$ are butt] & cram occif? 7g>lic444871 mix$ ) ram's fat 7#8p] aru9am aritis'74 8#ad4 ,to cure ! bite ( a dog4 ,apply two or ?ree onions calc9$ & boil$ ) l>d & honey4 8#ae4 ,to extract a /raw f ! eye4 ,*ant ! psalm ,qui habitat 7,ps4 #ij7 ?rice ov] wat]1 ) :i* !n d\*e ! eye1 et sanus rit40 ,among ! v>i\s rem$ies fi% play a prom95t "p4 ,= gravel x is recomm5d$ t ! head ( a pike be boil$ 9 a newly-glaz$ e>!n pot1 !n r$uc$ to p[d] & drunk 9 a glass ( :ite w9e4 ,a sure means ( cur+ g\t is to we> cont9ually ?ree or f\r moles' feet ti$ to "o's g>t]s4 ,= nose-ble$+1 ! suff]] is advis$ to bl[ up ! nose ! p[d] ( a /one f\nd 9 ! head ( a c>p1 or to plug up ! no/rils ) h>e's fur4 ,a c]ta9 rem$y = cur+ a drunk>d ( 8 evil way is to give him z _m eggs ( ! scree* owl1 boil$ h>d1 z he c possibly eat1 :5 we are assur$ he w ev] aft] be a total ab/a9]4 ,9 ! fir/ book ( ! ,secretes ( ! rev]5t ,mai/] ,alexis ( ,piemont1 #aefb1 :i* is a k9d ( g5]al receipt-book = ! apo!c>ies ( ! "t1 !re occur "s curi\s =mul1 :i* may be tak5 z a fair example ( ! ph>macy ( ^? days4 ,! process ( mak+ ! oil ( r$ dog is giv5 ) elaborate detail4 8,to make an oile ( a r$de dogge10 says ! *ronicl]1 8by ! meane :]e( 7beside o!r inf9it v]tues t x ha!7 ,i h heal$ a ,fry] ( ,sa9t ,ono/res1 :o _h by ! space ( twelve ye>s a lame & drye )]$ arme1 lyke ,i /y*e s t nature gave x no m n\ry%em5t-- 8,take a yonge dogge ( r$de he>e & keep him ?ree days )\t meate1 & !n /rangle him ) a corde1 & let him lie dead a qu>t] ( an h\re1 & 9 ! meane "t boyle a kettell ( ayle up by ! fire1 & putte ! dogge 9 :ole1 or 9 pieces1 x make? no matt] h[e1 s t he be all !re ) ! skynne & he>e2 make him see! s untyl he be almo/ sodd5 to pieces1 keepy+ always ! kettell close cov]$3 ,9 ! meane tyme take scorpions to ! numb] ( f\r score or a hundr$1 & put !m 9 a basyn on ! fyre untyll !y be ?or\ghly bruis$4 ,!n putte !m 9 ! sayde kettell ) ! ayle & ! dogge1 putt+e to x a good di%ful ( great gr\nde wormes1 well wa%$1 a good h&ful ( ,sa9t ,john's ,worte1 a h&ful ( wylde m>%e mall[es1 & a h&ful ( wallworte1 ) an once ( saffron4 ,see! all ^! ?+s well to-ge!r1 & !n let x w>e colde40 ,! liquid be+ /ra9$ (f & c]ta9 aromatic gums add$1 ! prep>ation 0 complete4 ,! belief t c>ry+ a piece ( camphor w w>d (f infecti\s diseases1 is a relic ( ! old days ( amulets & *>ms4 ,9 #aedg ,alexis recomm5d$ comp\nds to c>ry aga9/ ! plague & fev]1 & we f9d t aromatics 7 us$ to p]fume clo!s 9 ! "t ( ! e>ly ,jews1 long be=e ! bir? ( ,*ri/4 ,among o!r secrets ( ,alexis1 !re is a curi\s recipe to 8cause m]vel\s dreames04 8,take ! bloode ( a lampw9k or black plov]1 & rubbe y\r temples ) x & s goe to b$de1 & y %all see m]vel\s ?+es 9 y\r sleepe2 or else if y eate at nighte a little ( ! h]be ,solani or ,visic>ia1 or "s ,m&ragora1 or elles ( ! h]be call$ 9 ,greek ,hyoscymus1 9 ,lat9 ha? ^! names1 ,alt]cum1 ,appol9>is1 & ,symphonia1 & 9 ! ,engli% "s call x ,h5bane1 & y %all see 9 ! nighte goodly ?+s 9 y\r dreame40 ,! apo!c>y app>5tly omits to m5tion t a heavy meal ( v ord9>y *eese1 comb9$ ) ! succul5t fruit ( ! cucumb]1 be=e y g to b$1 w also make y see m>vell\s & weird ?+s 9 y\r sleep4 ,! gifts & wisdom ( ! apo!c>ies 7 accord+ to _! writ+s v wond]ful1 b none p]haps is m rem>kable ?an ! foll[+ recipe on a matt] :i* w\ld baffle ! sci5ti/s ( ! pres5t day4 ,! *ronicl] writes3 8,to make a woman t be>e? alwaies daught]s to be>e also sonnes1 x is a ?+ v easy1 & ha? good succes1 & ha! be5 div]s times prov$4 ,let h] eate an h]be 9 ,engli% call$ m]curie1 :i* ha? only two se$es2 also ! skrap+s ( an elephant's too?40 ,! "n ( ! orig9ator ( ! 8ev]la/+ pill0 has n be5 h&$ d[n to po/]ity1 b :oev] he 01 he 0 c]ta9ly an economi/1 & c\ld n be *>g$ ) inv5t+ x = 8 own ga94 ,x consi/$ ( a small globule ( metallic antimony1 :i* 0 believ$ to h ! prop]ty ( purg+ z (t5 z x 0 swall[$4 ,a s+le pill ( ?is k9d w\ld s]ve a :ole family dur+ _! lives1 & 0 d\btless1 transmitt$ z an heirloom to po/]ity4 ,p>is says1 8we h he>d ( a lady :o1 hav+ swall[$ "o ( ^! pills1 became s]i\sly al>m$ at its n pass+ ?r\gh04 8,madam10 said h] physician1 8fe> n2 x has already pass$ ?r\gh a hundr$ pati5ts )\t any difficulty40 ,x is said to h be5 ! con/ant cu/om ( ,c>d9al ,wolsey to c>ry 9 8 h& an orange depriv$ ( its cont5ts & fill$ ) a sponge soak$ 9 v9eg>1 impregnat$ ) v>i\s spices1 9 ord] to protect him f infection :5 pass+ ?r\gh ! cr[ds ( p :i* 8 spl5d\r ( (fice attract$4 ,an old writ]1 "o ,james ,p5rose ( ! middle ages1 que/ions if ,cleopatra appli$ ! asp to h] brea/ z is commonly suppos$1 because1 z he rem>ks1 8! ve9es are s v sl5d]04 8,petrus ,victorius blames ! pa9t]s :o depict ! ,egyptian que5 apply+ ! asp to h] brea/1 see+ x is manife/ out ( ,plut>* 9 ! life ( ,antonius1 & out ( ,pl9ie likewise1 t %e appli$ x to h] arme40 8,zon>es relates1 t !re appe>$ no signe ( dea? ^u h]1 save two blew spots on h] arme40 8,cs> also 9 h] /atue1 :i* he c>ry$ 9 tryumph1 apply$ ! asp to h] arme2 = 9 ! armes !re are great ve9es & art]ies :i* doe quickly & 9 a /raight way convey ! v5om to ! he>t1 :]eas 9 ! papps ! vessels are sl5d]40 ,gesn]us gives a me?od us$ by ! apo!c>ies = *ang+ ! col\r ( ! hair :i* is some:at s+ul>4 ,x is by means ( "o ( ! _m wat]s ( ! philosoph]s1 & is made z foll[s1 9 ! language ( ! text3 8,take a m\le :i* s]ve? unto ! dy+ or color+ ( he>es :yte1 ey!r ( man or bea/2 let ! m\le be artely br\ght to p[d] ) ,brim/one1 adde to x ! juice ( cel&9e :i* ord]ly be myx$1 let to /&e = c]ta9e dayes1 aft] dy/ill ! :ole accord+ to ta/e4 ,! virtue ( ?is wat] is 9 su* wise1 t if a bea/ :oly blacke ( he>e %all be wa%$ all ov] ) ?is wat]1 ! he>e %all 9 t "t became s :yte z sn[e40 ,! aloe m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible1 usually 9 connection ) myrrh & frank9c5se1 is n ! same drug z t us$ 9 m$ic9e to-day1 & is ev5 )\t its bitt]ness4 ,x is ! product ( ! ,aquil>ia ,agallo*a1 a tree ( l>ge size gr[+ 9 ! ,laos c\ntry & ,assam4 ,! wood is light 9 col\r & inodor\s1 b "u c]ta9 conditions a *ange takes place 9 x1 & x becomes *>g$ ) a d>k aromatic juice4 ,x 0 =m]ly us$ z a spice 9 embalm+1 & is employ$ 9 ,*9a & ! ,ea/ z inc5se 9 ! temples4 ,a curi\s little "w1 entitl$ ,! ,h\se ,apo!c>y writt5 by ,dr4 ,gideon ,h>vey1 physician-9-ord9>y to 8 ,maje/y1 & pr9t$ 9 #afgj1 af=ds a fur!r int]e/+ glimpse at ph>macy #bjj ye>s ago4 ,x w\ld appe> t ! apo!c>ies !n1 l "s ( _! desc5dants ( ! pres5t day1 excit$ a consid]able am\nt ( jeal\sy among ! physicians by prescrib+ 9 c]ta9 cases1 & m$dl+ g5]ally 89 matt]s :i* !y did n und]/&04 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,apo!c>y4 ,f an engrav+1 #aeag4 ,! wor?y doctor beg9s by recomm5d+ p to prep>e _! m$ic9e at _! own homes1 x be+ a f> saf] & easi] way ?an s5d+ x to ! apo!c>y to be made1 & z a fur!r inducem5t /ates3 8,& y %all also save n9ete5 %ill+s 9 tw5ty %ill+s1 accord+ to ! extravagant rates *>g$ by _m apo!c>ies1 9 s do+4 ,i mu/ tell y1 ,i h (t se5 bills ( apo!c>ies rise to tw5ty1 & sometimes ?irty p\nds 9 ! "t ( a =tnight2 & :at is m1 ,i h kn[n an apo!c>y's bill s extravagant t ! sum at ! bottom ( 8 acc\nt am\nt$ to fifty p\nds 9 ! space ( ?irty days1 :5 ! +r$i5ts ( ! :ole c\rse c\ld n be comput$ to /& him 9 =ty %ill+s40 ,a sev]e indictm5t inde$4 ,! doctor !n goes on to in=m u t 89 prep>+ m$ic9es at home y may be c]ta9 ! +r$i5ts are s\nd & fre%1 & y c h y\r m$ic9es )\t att5d+ ! apo!c>y's leisure or hav+ ! tr\ble ( s5d+ ?ree or f\r times to 8 %op = !m2 &1 mo/ important ( all1 y may be assur$ 9 s do+ y %all save n9e p\nds 9 t51 & sometimes =ty-eight p\nds 9 fifty04 ,ano!r treatise writt5 to d5\nce ! excessive *>ges ( ! apo!c>ies 0 ,! ,accompli%$ ,physician1 ! ,hone/ ,apo!c>y1 & ! ,skilful ,surgeon1 publi%$ & sold at ! 8,angel0 9 ,duck ,lane1 9 #afef4 ,x attack$ ! un=tunate apo!c>y on all sides4 ,x /ates t 8if ! apo!c>y f9ds y co/ive he s5ds y a cly/]1 at ! price ( half a cr[n1 :i* by consult+ ,! ,accompli%$ ,physician1 etc41 y may le>n h[ to make y\rself = ?ree half-p5ce4 ,if he appreh5ds y\r /oma* to be oppress$1 he ord]s 8 man to boil a little c>damoms 9 wat]1 /ra9 x1 & put to x ?ree or f\r spoonsful ( rank oil ( sweet almonds1 to cause y to vomit & c>ry (f a little phlegm1 & = ?is he *>ges y half a cr[n1 :i* y c make y\rself = two-p5ce40 ,! au?or f9ally confides to ! public 8t x is =tunate t ! little apo!c>ies & prescrib+ surgeons h n mu* k ( ! great m$ic9es1 su* z m]cury & antimony1 z !y w\ld at mo/ times d great mis*ief ) !m1 us+ !m at unseemly times1 z if y laid hold ( a club to knock d[n a l\se2 su* great m$ic9es %\ld only be us$ by ! physicians1 :o %\ld res]ve !m 9 secret04 ,mo/ ( ! h]bs & roots 9 common use 7 br\ght to ! t[n m>kets & v5d$ by ! physical h]b-wom51 :o w\ld br+ !m 9 baskets to ,newgate ,m>ket1 ,gutt] ,lane1 or ,cov5t ,g>d51 & !re sell !m by ! h&ful1 a doz5 = a groat4 ,! measures 9 use 7 ( a v primitive description1 *iefly ! fascicle & ! pugil4 ,9 #afef a qu>t :ite glass bottle co/ #as4 #f;d41 & a gre5 glass retort #h;d4 ,plague wat] at c]ta9 times 0 9 great dem&1 & 0 usually sold at ! apo!c>ies = #cs4 #f;d4 a p9t4 ,! price ( mo/ cons]ves 0 #b;d4 an ounce1 & o9tm5ts retail$ at #h;d4 an ounce4 ,an o9tm5t t 0 mu* 9 vogue & v popul> among ! p 0 ,ungu5tum gyptiacum1 simil> to ! o9tm5t ( ! great ,felix ,wurtz4 ,its composition is some:at int]e/+ & qua9t4 8,take ( v]digriese #ab dra*ms gr\nd v f9e 9 a brass mort>1 obs]v+ :ile y are p[d]+ to hold y\r head back f ! mort> & keep y\r m\? & nose /opp$1 to prev5t ^? v5om\s /eams f gett+ up into y\r bra94 ,!n take #c ounces ( honey & #ab dra*ms ( %>pe/ v9eg>1 place !m 9 a broad brass pipk91 put 9 ! v]digriese1 /ir & boil !m on a g5tle fire unto ! ?ickness ( an oyntm5t ( a purple col\r40 ,( ! wat]s 9 common use ! ,accompli%$ ,physician gives directions = ! prep>ation ( sev]al4 ,! ,london treacle wat]1 aqua mirabilis & aqua raphani composita1 7 not$ = scurvy4 ,! ,london snail wat] 0 recomm5d$ z an invaluable rem$y 9 consumption1 :i*1 8ow+ to ! cool1 clammy1 & glut9\s sub/ance ( ! snail1 facilitat$ ! expectoration & repair$ ! p>ts consum$04 ,gascon's p[d]1 or pulvis *elis cancrorum1 0 reg>d$ z a valuable m$icam5t1 & mu* e/eem$ & ord]$ by ! great physicians4 ,x 0 an exp5sive mixture1 & conta9$ equal p>ts1 9 p[d]1 ( crab's eyes1 ! ori5tal pe>l1 r$ coral1 :ite amb]1 ori5tal bezo>1 & ! black tops ( crab's claws4 ,x 0 sometimes ord]$ & tak5 9 ! =m ( pills mix$ ) h>t%orn jelly4 ,! apo!c>y's price = ?is p[d] 0 #djs4 an ounce1 or "o p5ny p] gra94 ,we are told t if made at home ! co/ w\ld only be #acs4 #a;d4 ,ano!r prep>ation exce$+ly popul> 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury 0 ! empla/rum opodeldock ( ,feliz ,wurtz1 8s mu* cri$ up among surgeons beyond ! sea04 ,x 0 a r$ pla/]1 compos$ ( wax1 ,v5ice turp5t9e1 juice ( cel&9e1 oak leaves1 ammoniacum1 galbanum1 & v9eg>4 ,!n "s p[d]$ magnets1 & su* my/]i\s comp\nds z ,crocus ,m>tis1 ,crocus ,v5]is1 & prep>$ tutria1 7 ?r[n 91 & all boil$ toge!r4 ,! foll[+ is extract$ f an old price li/ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 :i* gives a good idea ( "s ( ! extraord9>y articles kept 9 ! old apo!c>ies' %ops1 & ! prices *>g$4 ,x is head$ 8,rates & prices currant ( ,druggs & o!r commodities1 belong+ to physick1 z !y are commonly sold at ! ,apo!c>ies & ,druggi/s 9 ,london1 #afhe03-- ,"m ( ,pe>l #f;d4 p] oz4 ,crab's eyes #es4 #d;d4 p] lb4 ,crab's claws #as4 #f;d4 0 ,fox's lungs #bs4 0 ,a mummy #es4 #d;d4 0 ,bone ( /ag's he>t #as4 #f;d4 0 ,borax #ds4 0 ,saltpetre #aj;d4 0 ,jalap #cs4 #d;d4 0 ,rhub>b #ads4 0 ,liquorice #as4 0 ,a bo>'s too? #as4 ea*4 ,a dead man's skull 7cranium humanum7 accord+ to size #hs4 to #aas4 ea*4 ,musk #es4 p] dra*m4 ,blood/one #bs4 #h;d4 p] lb4 ,opium #abs4 0 ,elat]ium #cfs4 p] oz4 ,lac ,sulphur #cs4 0 ,r$ coral #ds4 p] lb4 ,oleum ,copaib #bs4 p] oz4 ,gum acacia #ajs4 p] lb4 ,turm]ick #h;d4 p] lb4 ,elicampane #as4 #d;d4 p] lb4 ,gal+al #ds4 0 ,g5tian #h;d4 0 ,spani% ,liquorice #f;d4 0 ,hellebore1 :ite #as4 0 ,hellebore1 black #as4 p] lb4 ,pyre?rum #as4 0 ,s>sap>il1 accord+ to its goodness1 f #ds4 to #es4 p] lb4 ,squills #f;d4 0 ,w9t]'s ,b>k #bs4 0 ,lig4 ,aloes4 #i;d4 p] oz4 0 ,guaici #b;d4 p] lb4 ,s5na ,alex41 ! be/ #ds4 ,cubebs #bs4 #d;d4 p] lb4 ,nucis ,vomic #as4 #d;d4 0 ,c>damom #ds4 0 ,aloes ,succot1 accord+ to its goodness #ds4 to #fs4 p] lb4 ,scammony #abs4 0 ,can?>ides #ds4 0 ,civet #es4 #f;d4 p] dram4 ,is+-glass #es4 #d;d4 p] lb4 ,sea-horse too? #d;d4 p] oz4 ,sea-horse pizzle #d;d4 0 ,sk9k1 a piece #as4 #d;d4 ,sp]maceti #cs4 p] ounce4 ,/ag's pizzle #f;d4 0 ,elk's claw #bs4 a piece4 ,:ite wax #bs4 p] lb4 ,yell[ wax #as4 #d;d4 p] lb4 ,c9nab> #cs4 p] oz4 ,m]cury ,sublimate #es4 #h;d41 or #fs4 p] lb4 ,se$ ,pe>ls #ds4 to #hs4 p] oz4 ,"m ( ,pe>l #f;d4 p] oz4 ,mi?ridate #fs4 p] lb4 ,aqua ,=tis #es4 #d;d4 p] lb4 ,ol4 ,c9namon #a #abs4 p] oz4 ,ol4 ,vitrioli #es4 #d;d4 p] lb4 ,besides ! above1 preci\s /ones 9 p[d]1 & diamond p[d]1 :i* 0 reg>d$ z a p[]ful poison1 comm&$ v high prices4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,ph>macy ,,9 ,,! ,,"t ,,( ,,que5 ,,elizabe?4 ,to obta9 a cle> conception ( ! great advance t has be5 made 9 m$ic9e & ph>macy1 x is necess>y to look back ?r\gh ! vi/a ( c5turies at ! ,elizabe?an apo!c>y4 ,9 do+ s1 we %\ld note h[ ! influ5ce ( sup]/ition & *>latanry1 ) :i* ! art ( heal+ 0 surr\nd$ & int]mix$1 has be5 gradually disp]s$ "u ! se>*+ light ( sci5ce4 ,"o c picture ! apo!c>y's %op 9 ! days ( 8good ,que5 ,bess04 ,up a n>r[ w9d+ /reet1 pav$ ) r\nd cobble /ones1 & no pa?way to protect y f ! jo/l+ & nudges ( ! pass+ *air-be>]s1 ,fr5* pages1 & wat]m5 :o ?rong ! ?or\ghf>es1 8 abode may be d5ot$ p]haps by ! gild$ crocodile :i* hangs ov] ! doorway1 accompani$ by a pole f :i* dep5ds a pair ( brightly-burni%$ metal pans1 d5ot+ ! practice ( ! *irurgical art4 ,! ov]hang+ gables ( ! half-timb]$ h\ses d>k5 ! l[-ro($ %op1 ?r\gh ^: small w9d[s fill$ ) little panes ( bottle glass1 a v dim light p5etrates4 ,a my/]i\s od\r p]meates ! int]ior & /range ?+s are se5 hang+ f ! raft]s1--fly+ fi%1 tortoises1 & a long alligator float mid-air4 ,/r+s ( poppy-heads1 bun*es ( *amomile & c5tu>y1 also glass j>s conta9+ add]s & worms adorn ! c\nt]4 ,on "o %elf an array ( bright brass mort>s1 & r\nd ab\t on o!rs1 a great collection ( qua9t bottles & e>!n pots1 conta9+ electu>ies1 ungu5ts1 & loho*s2 syrup bottles ) long curv$ sp\ts1 & bladd]s full ( se$s & wax4 ,9 ! corn] /&s ! great iron mort>1 ^: heavy pe/le is susp5d$ f a spr+ beam1 & ano!r is fill$ ) little draw]s to hold ! gums & spices4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,apo!c>y4 ,f an engrav+1 #aeag4 ,away at ! back a r$ gl[ appe>s f ! furnace1 & alembics1 big & little1 lie ab\t4 ,at night ! %op is cr[d$ ) poor wom5 buy+ worm-se$ = _! *ildr5 or treacle to drive out ! measles1 & ) c\ntry p :o h come = drugs & dr5*es = _! sick cattle4 8,!re are s]v+-m5 wait+ = _! ma/]s' purgatives & electu>ies1 or ! fops' facewa%es ( oil ( t>t>1 lac virg9is1 & camphor dissolv$ 9 v]juice4 ,sm>t maids are buy+ cons]ves & sackets = _! mi/resses1 or p]fumes = my lady's *amb]4 ,"h desp]adoes & raki% gallants c\ld pur*ase poisons1 & blu%+ maid5s w\ld buy _! love *>ms & philtres1 or antidotes to c\nt]act ! same4 ,"s apo!c>ies kept a little room = tak+ tobacco1 furni%$ ) silv] trays1 & a maple block = cutt+ x1 :]e ! gallants met & gossip$1 or le>n$ tricks 9 smok+ f fa%ionable pr(essors1 = ne>ly all ! apo!c>ies sold tobacco--real ,timidado--nicot9e cane1 & pudd+1 z x 0 call$40 ,! old apo!c>y's prescriptions 7 compos$ ( /range +r$i5ts1 sometimes crab's eyes & bo>'s tee?1 or p[d]$ pe>ls1 & vip] bro?4 ,he w\ld recomm5d y a toad1 well dri$ 9 ! sun1 put 9 a bag1 & hung r\nd ! neck by a /r+ l[ en\gh to t\* ! region ( ! he>t1 to allay hmorrhage4 ,a prep>ation ( g>lic & honey sme>$ on ! p]son 0 a c]ta9 *>m aga9/ ! bites ( vici\s dogs & reptiles1 or ! /+s ( v5om\s insects4 ,too?a*e c\ld be *>m$ away by a few leaves ( ! 8%eph]d's purse0 plac$ 9 ! sole ( ! %oe4 ,an excell5t recipe = sore eyes 0 ! express$ juice ( ! calyx ( ! r$ honeysuckle1 provid$ always t ! fl[]s 7 ga!r$ kneel+ & repeat+ n9e ,pat] no/]s 9 hon\r ( ! ,tr9ity1 n9e m 8to greet our ,ladye10 & a cre$4 ,my ,ladye ,falk5brydge's recipe = eye-wat] 0 mu* e/eem$1 & ran ?us3 8,corne-fl[]s ga!r$ ) _! cuppes & bruyse !m2 mac]ate !m 9 sn[e or sn[e wat] = tw5tye-f\re h\res1 !n dy/yl 9 a mod]ate s&eba? & applye x night & morn+04 ,?is 0 prescrib$ 9 #aeec4 ,a fav\rite cure = rickety *ildr5 0 to pass !m ?r\gh ! split /em ( a tree4 ,= ague1 a v well salt$ h]r+1 split op51 0 appli$ hot to ! soles ( ! feet2 or an em]ald worn r\nd ! neck =m$ a pot5t *>m aga9/ ! same compla9t4 ,! le>n$ ,boorde1 9 8 ,brevi>y ( ,heal?1 says3 8,! m$ical treatm5t ( ! day 0 a mixture ( religi\s !ories1 sup]/ition1 & :ite magic04 ,he recomm5ds = a bad rheum ! application ( oil ( scorpions & fox fat2 = a bruis$ sk91 wa%+ x ) :ite w9e & pla/]+ ) an oak leaf2 & he qua9tly /ates 8! be/ rem$y = it*+ is long nails & scrat*+10 :i*1 at any rate1 is common-s5se4 ,to pres]ve ! heal? & a good complexion1 he recomm5ds "y maids to wipe _! faces daily ) a sc>let clo?1 & only wa% !m once a week4 ,ano!r peculi> phase ( ph>macy 9 ^? e>ly days 0 ! in/ructions ( ! v>i\s apo!c>ies' guilds to _! memb]s z to pray]4 ,! comp\nd] ( prescriptions 0 direct$ to g d[n on 8 knees & supplicate be=e he comm5c$ 8 lab\rs4 ,_m old h]bals & works on ph>macy1 especially 9 ,g]many1 conta9 curi\s wood-cut illu/rations ( ! apo!c>y at 8 devotional ex]cises4 ,cyriacus ,s*naus1 an apo!c>y ( ,nuremb]g1 publi%$ a book 9 #aefe1 :]e9 he1 9 p]son1 is repres5t$ z kneel+ on a l>ge mort> be=e a sacr$ picture4 ,?is cu/om may h be5 orig9at$ by ! monks1 _m ( :om foll[$ ! art ( heal+4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,physician ,,=eca/+ ,,f ,,! ,,ur9e4 ,f an engrav+1 #aeag4 ,a writ] ( ! "t /ates t ! it9]ant d5ti/ 0 also a well-kn[n figure at ! /reet corn]4 ,= #ajj m>ks he w\ld put out bo? y\r eyes1 & q cure y\r inflammation ) "o drop ( 8 aqua mirabilis1 at twelve-p5ce a drop4 ,he (f]$ y an antidote f /ab or bullet = five m>ks1 & by 8 side wav$ a bann] /uck all ov] ) horses' tee?1 to %[ 8 skill4 ,he cur$ y\r too?a*e by *>ms1 sometimes writ+ my/]i\s words on a pap]1 & burn+ x "u y\r nose2 or he w\ld se> y\r tee? ) hot wires1 mo/ effectively2 or make y inhale ! hot vap\r ( h5bane se$s1 & !n %[ y ! worms t he _h conjur$ out1 :i* are c]tes n[ wriggl+ 9 ! wat]4 ,he wore a *a9 ( mol> tee? ar\nd 8 neck1 & %ook !m f "t to "t z he held up a bottle ( liquid & call$ out3 8,^! are ! spirits t pass ) ! blood into ! rheum1 to vex ! tee? ( m504 ,8 desc5dants may /ill be se5 at ! pres5t day work+ wondr\s cures1 deck$ out 9 simil> fanta/ic g>b1 or extract+ tee? gratis1 & by %e] bold impud5ce reap+ a gold5 h>ve/4 ,hav+ ?us %[n h[ ! n[ almo/ =gott5 pione]s ( sci5ce laid ! f\ndation ( ! arts ( m$ic9e & ph>macy1 & h[ mu* we owe to _! pati5ce & dilig5ce1 a brief ref]5ce may be made to ! class ( m$icam5ts 9 use 9 ! days ( ,que5 ,elizabe?1 imm$iately prior to ! diff]5tiation 9 ,engl& ( ! fir/ ph>maci/s--! apo!c>ies--& ! beg9n+s ( ph>macy z a sep>ate art4 ,illu/ration3 ,,an ,,it9]ant ,,drug ,,sell]4 ,f a fifte5? c5tury draw+4 8,a few simples10 says ,burton1 8well prep>$ & und]/ood1 are bett] ?an su* a heap ( nons5se1 confus$ comp\nds1 :i* are 9 apo!c>ies' %ops ord9>ily sold40 ,= madness & melan*oly1 wormwood 0 us$4 ,ano!r rem$y 0 cl>ifi$ :ey1 ) borage1 bugloss1 endive1 succory1 etc41 a good draught ( :i* 0 tak5 9 ! morn+1 fa/+4 ,= ! sple5 & liv]1 syrups 7 prescrib$ compos$ ( borage1 ?yme1 epi?yme1 hops1 scolop5dra1 fumitory1 maid5-hair1 & bizant9e4 ,^! syrups 7 mix$ ) di/ill$ wat] by ! apo!c>ies1 or /irr$ into juleps4 ,( cons]ves !re 7 innum]able v>ieties1 & o9tm5ts ( oil & wax1 z well z l9im5ts & pla/]s ( h]bs & fl[]s1 well boil$ ) oil or spirits4 ,cataplasms & salves 7 frequ5tly made ( gre5 h]bs sodd51 p\nd$1 & appli$ ext]nally4 ,gradually1 z ! ye>s h roll$ on1 & z ! sci5ce ( *emi/ry has unlock$ ! m>vell\s res\rces & products ( nature1 mo/ ( ^! old relics ( ! days ( sup]/ition & wit*craft h be5 left beh9d & =gott51 & x rema9s only = "s old black-lett]$ tome to tell ! /ory & = u to fill 9 ! backgr\nd to ! picture4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,fam\s ,,empirics ,,& ,,_! ,,no/rums4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ! ent]pris+ empiric seems to h hit on a new me?od ( l9+ 8 pockets at ! exp5se ( ! public1 & we h ! adv5t ( ! s-call$ propriet>y or quack no/rum1 :i* has develop$ into su* gigantic proportions 9 lat] ye>s4 ,to br+ "s special drug into notoriety 9 ^? days x 0 fir/ necess>y to spread "s tale abroad z to its extraord9>y virtues1 !n by means ( a pamphlet 7= !re 7 few o!r adv]tis+ m$ia7 rec\nt ! m>vell\s cures x _h p]=m$1 & back !m up by m5tion+ a few great names4 ,9 ?is way ! quack m$ic9es orig9at$4 ,9 a simil> mann]1 "s drugs t h s9ce prov$ ( great use to humanity 7 br\ght into note4 ,p]uvian b>k 0 fir/ import$ into ,spa9 by ! ,jesuits1 :]e x rema9$ sev5 ye>s be=e a trial 0 giv5 to x4 ,x 0 fir/ adm9i/]$ to a ,spani% prie/ 9 #afci1 & b = ! supreme p[] ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome x w\ld 9 all probability h sunk into oblivion4 ,pope ,innoc5t ,x41 h[ev]1 at ! int]cession ( ,c>d9al de ,lugo1 ord]$ ! b>k to be duly exam9$ by ! be/ exp]ts ( ! "t1 & on a fav\rable report be+ pres5t$1 x at once rose high 9 fav\r4 ,! 8,elixirs ( ,life0 made by ! e>ly al*emi/s may be said to h be5 ! =]unn]s ( quack m$ic9es1 & = ^! concoctions fabul\s prices 7 dem&$4 ,^? made by ,p>acelsus & ,van ,helmont 7 kn[n ?r\gh\t ,europe1 & mu/ h br\ght consid]able gri/ to ! mill ( _! proprietors4 ,! ,collyrium ( ,dan>es1 :i* enjoy$ a wide reputation 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 0 sold at #i p] bottle4 ,!n !re 0 ! ,sympa!tic ,p[d] ( ,sir ,k5elm ,digby1 not$ = heal+ w\nds1 & ,h(fman's ,wat] ( ,magnanimity4 ,ano!r fam\s no/rum made by ,p>acelsus 0 call$ ,prcipitatus ,diaphoreticus ,p>acelsi1 & w>rant$ to cure a fev] 9 f\r days4 8,dut* drops10 :i* 7 orig9ally sold = half a gu9ea a bottle1 are said to h br\ght ! proprietors #bjjj 9 "o ye>4 ,! ,eau ,mdic9ale de ,husson1 ano!r well-kn[n quack no/rum1 0 introduc$ by an (fic] ( t "n 9 ! s]vice ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,x is said to h be5 simply a decoction ( mead[ saffron4 ,dr4 ,james' celebrat$ fev] p[d]1 :i* enjoy$ a great reputation 9 ?is c\ntry1 is /at$ to h be5 ! inv5tion ( an ,italian nam$ ,lisle1 & a recipe = its prep>ation 0 publi%$ 9 ,colborne's ,engli% ,disp5s>y 9 #agef4 ,oliv] ,goldsmi? believ$ ?is to be a rem$y = all ills & took x regul>ly up to 8 dea?4 ,! ,c\nt ,/4 ,g]ma91 a ,fr5*man1 realis$ l>ge sums by v5d+ an artificial tea1 :i* he affirm$ w\ld prolong life4 ,x is said to h be5 compos$ *iefly ( s5na & f5nel leaves4 ,! ,*evali] d',ailh\d 0 ano!r adv5tur] :o introduc$ a p[d] :i* met ) su* a sale t he soon sav$ en\gh to buy a :ole c\nty4 ,t pr9ce ( empirics ! ,c\nt ,caglio/ro sold 8 ,balm ( ,life1 or /oma* elixir1 at an exorbitant price4 ,he ass]t$ t he _h liv$ #bjj ye>s by its use1 & 0 r5d]$ invuln]able aga9/ poison ( e description4 ,dur+ 8 resid5ce 9 ,/rasburg1 :ile boa/+ & exp\nd+ ! virtues ( 8 no/rum & antidote to a l>ge assembly ( ! t[nsfolk1 a physician :o 0 pres5t1 & :o _h n tak5 "p 9 ! conv]sation1 quitt+ ! room quietly1 w5t to an apo!c>y's %op & ord]$ two pills to be made ( equal size4 ,tak+ !m ) him1 he made 8 way back to ! room1 & walk+ up to ! loquaci\s quack he said1 8,"h1 my wor?y ,c\nt1 are two pills4 ,! "o conta9s a deadly poison1 & ! o!r is p]fectly innoc5t4 ,*oose "o & swall[ x1 & ,i w take ! "o y leave40 ,! ,c\nt took al>m1 & aft] mak+ all k9ds ( apologies & excuses1 at la/ refus$ to swall[ ! pill4 ,! physician1 smil+1 !n took 8 place on ! plat=m1 & 9 view ( ! company swall[$ bo?1 & !n1 to ! discom=t ( ,caglio/ro1 ann\nc$ t bo? pills 7 simply compos$ ( bread4 ,! ,c\nt beat a spe$y retreat4 ,9 #agid consid]able s5sation 0 excit$ by ! acc\nt ( "s wond]ful cures made by a ,c\nt ,?n ( ,leipzig1 :o pr(ess$ to cure g\t1 hypo*ondria1 & hy/]ia by lay+ 8 h&s on ! head ( ! pati5t4 ,! e>ly "p ( ! pres5t c5tury saw a great increase 9 ! numb] ( ^! no/rums1 ! usual me?od adopt$ by _! proprietors be+ to set up 9 great /yle 9 a fa%ionable "p ( ! t[n1 & by lavi% display & v>i\s ecc5tricities1 to attract g5]al att5tion4 ,among ! =emo/ 9 ,london 0 a ,g]man ,jew :o call$ himself ,doctor ,brodum4 ,?is individual1 :o1 x is said1 />t$ life z a footman1 took a l>ge h\se 9 a fa%ionable squ>e 9 ! we/-end1 & drove a pair ( horses 9 a gorge\s *>iot4 ,he call$ 8 no/rum 8,n]v\s ,cordial10 its prop]ties be+ set =? 9 a pamphlet entitl$ ,a ,guide to ,old ,age4 ,he is said to h amass$ a =tune 9 a v %ort "t4 ,ano!r notori\s quack 0 ,doctor ,solomon1 :o ev5tually settl$ 9 ,liv]pool4 ,he orig9ally sold black+ 9 ,newca/le1 b f9d+ x did n pay1 came to ,liv]pool1 :]e he tri$ to e/abli% a newspap]4 ,?is ef=t also prov$ a failure1 & ,solomon at l5g? turn$ 8 att5tion to quack doctor+1 & br\ght out a no/rum call$ 8,! ,balm ( ,gilead04 ,?is prov$ successful1 & he soon made en\gh money to build himself a sub/antial h\se 9 ,k5s+ton1 :i* 0 at t "t a fa%ionable suburban di/rict4 ,to adv]tise 8 prep>ation he wrote a pamphlet call$ ,! ,guide to ,heal?1 extoll+ ! virtues ( ! 8,balm ( ,gilead & ,anti-,impetig9es04 ,?is treatise1 ! cov] ( :i* 0 adorn$ ) an engrav+ ( 8 mansion at ,k5s+ton1 /at$ 8! mo/ le>n$ physicians h be5 unable to discov] 9 ! cordial ,balm ( ,gilead ! lea/ p>ticle ( m]cury1 antimony1 or any o!r m9]al except pure virg9 gold & ! balm ( ,mecca04 ,! ,doctor 0 a well-kn[n "* 9 ! /reets ( ,liv]pool 9 ! e>ly "p ( ?is c5tury1 & 9 8 daily prom5ade always c>ri$ an elaborate gold-head$ cane4 ,! celebrat$ 8balm0 is said to h be5 simply br&y flav\r$ ) "s aromatic oil1 & al?\gh sold at a gu9ea a bottle1 0 9 great dem&4 ,a /ory is told ( a prom95t tradesman ( ! "t1 :o discov]$ t 8 wife 0 consum+ consid]able quantities ( ! invigorat+ balm4 ,be+ fur!r in=m$ t ?is _h become a common habit ) _m ( h] fri5ds1 he took c\nsel ) ! husb&s ( ^! ladies1 ) ! result t !y det]m9$ to puni% ! doctor by c>ry+ out ! foll[+ plot4 ,on a c]ta9 d>k night1 a mess5g] 0 despat*$ to ! doctor's h\se1 ask+ him to come at once & see a pati5t a little way out 9 ! c\ntry1 & to be sure & br+ ) him sev]al bottles ( 8 ,balm ( ,gilead4 ,! unsuspect+ victim soon set out on foot along ! c\ntry lanes1 & on gett+ to a v lonely "p1 0 p\nc$ ^u by f\r m5 disguis$ 9 c[sk9s1 :o1 ) long horns & tails1 look$ l fi5ds inc>nate4 ,! poor doctor ?\ght 8 la/ h\r _h come1 & w5t d[n on 8 knees & invok$ all ! prophets he c\ld ?9k (2 b 8 torm5tors dragg$ him (f to a field close by1 :]e !y made him swall[ bottle aft] bottle ( 8 own no/rum1 !n duck$ him 9 a pond & toss$ him 9 a blanket4 ,solomon 0 s inc5s$ at ?is outrage he det]m9$ to leave ,liv]pool & settle 9 ,birm+ham1 b 9 a %ort "t return$ to ! =m] city1 :]e he di$1 & 0 buri$1 accord+ to 8 directions1 9 8 own g>d54 ,! foll[+ v]se1 ref]r+ to ^! empirics1 is extract$ f an old ballad3-- 8,brodum or ,solomon ) physic1 ,l dea?1 despat* ! wret* t's sick1 ,pursue a sure & ?riv+ trade2 ,?\gh pati5ts die1 ! doctor's paid6 ,lic5s$ to kill1 he ga9s a palace ,= :at ano!r m\nts a gall[s60 ,! electropa?ic girdles ( our own "t _h _! anti-type 9 ,p]k9's f>-fam$ tractors = pres]v+ heal?1 = :i* ! proprietor dem&$ ! sum ( five gu9eas a set4 ,! wond]ful prop]ties attribut$ to !m 7 set =? 9 a small book1 entitl$ ,! ,influ5ce ( ! ,metallic ,tractors on ! ,body4 ,among ! no/rums t enjoy$ popul>ity 9 ! e>ly "p ( ?is c5tury 7 ,de ,velno's ,vegetable ,syrup1 ,dr4 ,s5ate's ,loz5ges ( ,/eel to prolong life1 ,leake's ,pat5t ,pills1 ,dr4 ,burton's ,vital ,w9e1 ,b$doe's ,volatile ,cordial ,oxyg5 ,gas = pres]v+ life1 ,dr4 ,squirrel's ,tonic ,drops & ,p[d]s1 ,godbold's ,vegetable ,balsam1 & _m o!rs4 ,! foibles ( _m ( ! mo/ prom95t empirics ( ! p]iod are well hit (f 9 ! foll[+ old ballad3-- 8,we c boa/ ( a ,b$doe's ^: oxyg5 gas ,c r5d] immortal ! ape & ! ass2 ,:ile ,swa9son ! botani/1 son ( ,apollo1 ,swe>s we ne'er %all be sick if 8 syrup we swall[4 ,d]ry d[n4 8,:ile ,solomon flies on ! w+s ( ! w9d1 ,8 magical ,balm ( ,m\nt ,gilead to f9d1 ,little ,brodum /&s /ew+ 8 h]bs 9 a copp]1 ,& to v5d 8 decoction = gold he ?9ks prop]4 ,d]ry d[n4 8,dull ,g>dn]1 de/roy] ( worms & ( m51 ,l ,leake1 sells 8 pills to r\se dea? f 8 d52 ,& ,p]k9s /&s br&i%+ two-po9t$ tractors1 ,to heal ! contusions ( girls1 beaux1 & actors4 ,d]ry d[n4 8,!re's ! lotion ( ,g[l& t flays ladies' faces1 ,di/ort+ ! features ( our mod]n ,graces2 ,!re1 ,lignum's dire pills--b ( quack]y en\gh6 ,let ,john ,bull take 8 pipe & cont5t$ly puff4 ,d]ry d[n40 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,antiquity ,,& ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,mort>4 ,! mort> is ! mo/ anci5t ( ph>maceutical implem5ts1 its e>lie/ use c>ry+ u back to prehi/oric times1 :5 ! e>ly ,briton bruis$ 8 gra9 9 ! holl[ ( a granite b\ld]4 ,!re is little d\bt inde$ t mort>s 7 employ$ = ! purpose ( bruis+ & r$uc+ h>d bodies to p[d]1 c5turies be=e m$ic9e z an art 0 ?\ght ( or kn[n4 ,! "n is d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 ^w mort>ium1 :i* is probably f ! root mordeo1 to bite1 ak9 to ! ,sanscrit mrid1 to gr9d or to p\nd2 ! lit]al mean+ ( ! ^w be+ a vessel 9 :i* sub/ances may be p\nd$ ) a pe/le4 ,! orig9 ( ! mort> appe>s to h be5 id5tical ) t ( ! mill or qu]n z x 0 call$ 9 anci5t times4 ,! primitive implem5t us$ by prehi/oric nations = ! purpose ( cru%+ _! gra91 0 simply made by holl[+ out a cup-%ap$ hole 9 a block ( /one or granite1 & p\nd+ ! gra9 plac$ 9 ?is receptacle ) a small] /one ( suitable =m4 ,^! gra9-cru%]s1 toge!r ) /one roll]s & p\nd]s1 h be5 f\nd 9 ! circul> huts ( ! ,britons 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,nor? ,wales4 ,?is me?od 0 also us$ by ! e>ly ,jews be=e ! ,*ri/ian era = cru%+ _! spices & gums1 ! k ( :i* !y d\btless ga!r$ f ! ,egyptians dur+ ! captivity4 ,illu/ration3 ,,anci5t ,,egyptian ,,mort>4 ,9 _m ( ! anci5t ,egyptian papyri we f9d directions giv5 to bruise c]ta9 h]bs & roots1 b no m5tion is made ( ! implem5t us$ = t purpose2 c>v+s 9 /one1 h[ev]1 are extant :i* %[ ! mort>s us$ by ! ,egyptians 7 simil> 9 =m to ^? employ$ sev]al c5turies lat]4 ,x is int]e/+ to note t ! mort> has also be5 kn[n to sev]al ,ori5tal & savage races f "t immemorial2 & 9 ! mort> employ$ by ! ph>maci/ to-day we h an implem5t t l9ks u n only ) prehi/oric man1 b also ) ! savage races ( ! _w4 ,9 ,africa1 mort>s & pe/les ( wood h be5 us$ f a p]iod ( unkn[n antiquity = ! purpose ( cru%+ gra94 ,! "o illu/rat$ 9 ,fig4 #a is compos$ ( wood1 & 0 br\ght f ,c5tral ,africa4 ,9 ,india1 /one mort>s ) wood5 pe/les h = c5turies be5 us$ = %ell+ & p\nd+ rice4 ,fig4 #b repres5ts a ,c+alese mort> ( /one1 f two to ?ree feet 9 height1 tak5 f a draw+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,com+ to ! "t ( ! ,roman ,empire1 we h ! fir/ real evid5ce ( ! use ( ! mort> = ph>maceutical purposes4 ,m$ic9e & ph>macy alli$1 9 ! "t ( ,celsus1 _h become practical arts2 & we "k f ! prep>ations describ$ by t au?or t practical appliances 7 necess>y4 ,?us ! malagma us$ z an application to ! sk9 0 a k9d ( s(t mass direct$ to be beat5 up to ! consi/5cy ( a ?ick pa/e2 & ! +r$i5ts ( ! catapotia 7 (t5 ord]$ to be bruis$ be=e be+ mix$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,roman mort>ia compos$ ( e>!nw>e are v commonly f\nd1 & _m examples may be se5 9 mo/ ( our museums among o!r ,roman rema9s4 ,!y 7 *iefly made = dome/ic use1 & al?\gh !y v>y v little 9 patt]n1 ! sizes are num]\s4 ,! l>g] ones are1 z a rule1 v /rongly made1 & all h a ?ick divid$ rim ) a r\nd$ m\ld+4 ,! inside 0 r\gh5$ ) spl9t]s ( fl9t or h>d /one1 or h>d-burnt e>!nw>e1 :i* 0 fix$ on ) a k9d ( 8slip0 or liquid clay ) :i* ! ,romans f9i%$ _! w>e4 ,a wood5 pe/le 0 us$ ) ^! mort>ia1 :i* 7 no d\bt *iefly employ$ = triturat+ & mix+ v>i\s condim5ts = dome/ic use4 ,! ,roman mort>ium %[n 9 ,fig4 #c is tw5ty-eight in*es 9 bread?1 & be>s ! /amp ( ! mak]'s "n1 %[+ x to be ! "w ( "o ,publius ,raso4 ,"s ( ! small] mort>ia f\nd are compos$ ( a v :ite clay ( a vitre\s "* burnt h>d l porcela91 & are nonabsorb5t4 ,^! 7 probably us$ = mix+ m delicate condim5ts4 ,!re 7 l>ge manufactories = mort>ia 9 ,brita91 situat$ *iefly 9 ! s\? ( ,engl&1 at ! m\? ( ! ,?ames1 & 9 ,essex & ,/af=d%ire4 ,f ^! factories !re 0 a consid]able export trade to ,rome & ,gaul4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,roman mort>s ( /one are mu* r>]1 & ! "o depict$ 9 ,fig4 #d is a unique specim51 & 0 ) little d\bt at "o "t us$ = ph>maceutical purposes4 ,compos$ ( /one1 ) a solid squ>e base1 x /&s ab\t twelve in*es high1 & is ab\t eight in*es broad4 ,! not*es at ! corn]s are evid5tly int5d$ = fix+ x d[n on a wood5 table or slab1 to keep x /eady :5 be+ us$ = p\nd+ or break+ up h>d sub/ances4 ,closely ak9 to mort>s 7 ! qu]ns or small mills us$ = gr9d+ purposes f ! ,roman p]iod4 ,9 %ape !y some:at resembl$ ! mort>1 b 7 cov]$ 9 at ! top1 hav+ a hole 9 ! c5tre ?r\gh :i* ! pe/le 0 work$4 ,!y 7 made ( /one & wood4 ,a beautiful example ( a wood5 qu]n is depict$ 9 ,fig4 #e4h ,x /&s ?irte5 in*es high1 & is made ( v h>d wood4 ,x is an exquisite specim5 ( ! turn]'s art1 "s ( ! side m\ld+s be+ ( great delicacy1 no ?ick] ?an a f9e ne$le1 yet p]fectly true 9 e p>ticul>4 ,! pe/le 0 work$ ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! c5tre ( ! cov]4 ,^! wood5 qu]ns 7 us$ dur+ ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies4 #h ,n[ 9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,e4 ,w4 ,cox1 to :om we are indebt$ = ! sket*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4 ,!re is little d\bt t m>ble succe$$ /one z a mat]ial = mak+ mort>s1 & ?is br+s u d[n to m$ival times1 :5 ! apo!c>ies1 comb9+ ! practice ( m$ic9e & ph>macy1 became wield]s ( ! pe/le4 ,! value ( ! mort> z a ph>maceutical implem5t 0 recognis$ by ^! e>ly practition]s1 & 0 giv5 ! mo/ prom95t position 9 _! %ops1 & s ! pe/le & mort> became a symbol or trade sign ( ph>macy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4 ,! great bell-%ap$ mort>1 :i* 0 ( consid]able capacity1 usually /ood1 m\nt$ on a solid block ( wood1 ne> ! c5tre ( ! %op1 ! huge pe/le1 ?ree feet or m 9 l5g?1 be+ susp5d$ f a long wood5 spr+ beam by a *a9 & r+4 ,"o c readily picture ! y\?ful appr5tice1 clad 9 j]k9 & trunk hose1 ex]cis+ 8 muscles ) ! pond]\s pe/le1 & ) :at m+l$ feel+s he w\ld essay ! task ( p\nd+ half a hundr$-weight ( aloes to beg9 8 day's "w & give him an appetite = 8 midday meal4 ,^! l>ge mort>s 7 usually bell-%ap$ 9 =m1 z illu/rat$ 9 ,fig4 #f1 & compos$ ( iron or bell-metal4 ,! small] mort>s ( ?is p]iod 7 made ( brass1 copp]1 & bell-metal1 & 7 occasionally ornam5t$ ) "s symbol or device4 ,_m 7 v elegant 9 =m1 & !y usually /ood 9 bright array on ! c\nt]4 ,! pe/les 7 made flat1 top & bottom1 s t ei!r end c\ld be us$ = p\nd+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4 ,! bell-metal mort> depict$ 9 ,fig4 #g dates f ! "t ( ,oliv] ,cromwell1 & be>s ! arms ( ! ,commonweal? on bo? sides4 ,x 0 probably once ! prop]ty ( an (ficial ,/ate apo!c>y4 ,! brass mort> %[n 9 ,fig4 #h is peculi> 9 %ape1 & is support$ by f\r %ort legs4 ,x dates f ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & r\nd ! middle are inscrib$ ! lett]s ( ! alphabet4 ,fig4 #i repres5ts a p>ticul>ly h&some example ( ! brass mort> ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,copp] mort>s :5 poli%$ h a v elegant appe>ance1 & are some:at r>e4 ,a specim5 is depict$ 9 ,fig4 #aj4 ,a v f9e bell-%ap$ mort> ( brass 0 f\nd 9 ,*e/] ab\t two ye>s ago1 & is n[ deposit$ 9 ! museum ( t city4 ,x /&s ne>ly two feet high1 & dates f ! e>ly "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,small brass mort>s 7 also =m]ly us$ by h\sewives 9 ! /illroom1 & = o!r dome/ic purposes1 & may (t5 yet be f\nd ornam5t+ ! kit*5 mantel%elf 9 old c\ntry h\ses4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig #aj4 ,dur+ ! la/ & ! e>ly "p ( ?is c5tury ,italian m>ble 0 l>gely employ$ = mak+ mort>s1 b ) ! introduction ( w$gewood & composition w>e1 :i* is light]1 m durable1 & less liable to be act$ on by *emicals1 m>ble mort>s h n[ almo/ gone out ( use ) ph>maci/s4 ,small antique mort>s ( bronze are /ill to be f\nd 9 _m ,fr5* ph>macies1 (t5 be>+ "s symbol or device1 su* z ,/4 ,mi*ael & ! dragon4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,al*emy ,,& ,,ph>macy ,,9 ,,lit]ature4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,*auc]4 ,*auc]'s ,cant]bury ,tales pres5t "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ pictures ( life & mann]s 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury we h 9 ,engli% lit]ature4 ,! fa!r ( ,engli% poetry 0 born 9 #acbh1 & ,london is g5]ally believ$ to h be5 8 bir?place4 ,x 0 8 =tune to live "u ! w+ ( t *ivalr\s & high-spirit$ k+1 ,edw>d ,,iii41 a "t :5 gallantry1 pr[ess1 & c\rage 7 c\nt$ 9 ! highe/ e/eem4 ,9 8 ,cant]bury ,tales he embodies "s vivid sket*es ( ! times & *>act]s among :i* he liv$4 ,a physician ( c\rse =ms "o ( 8 motley crew ( pilgrims1 :o beguile ! monotony ( _! ride to ,cant]bury1 to pay homage at ! %r9e ( ,?omas ,becket1 by ! qua9t /ories relat$4 ,! pilgrim doctor is ?us describ$3-- 8,) u !re 0 a doctor ( physic1 ,9 all ?is _w !re 0 none him l ,to speak ( physic & ( surg]y1 ,= he 0 gr\nd$ 9 a/ronomy1 ,he kept 8 pati5t 9 a full great deal1 ,9 h\res by 8 magic natural4 ,well c\ld he =tune ! asc5dant1 ,( 8 images = 8 pati5t ,he knew ! cause ( e malady1 ,7 x ( cold1 or hot1 or moi/1 or dry1 ,& :]e eng5d]$ & ( :at hum\r1 ,he 0 a v p]fect practis\r4 ,! cause-y-"k & ( 8 h>m ! root ,anon he gave to ! sick man 8 boot4 ,full ready _h he 8 apo!c>ies1 ,to s5d 8 drugges & 8 lectu>ies ,= ea* ( !m made o!r = to w9 ,_! fri5d%ip 0 n newe to beg94 ,well knew he ! old sculapius1 ,& ,dioscorides1 & eke ,rufus1 ,old ,hippocras1 ,hali1 & ,galli51 ,s]apion1 ,rasis1 & ,avic5 ,av]rois1 ,damasc5e1 & ,con/ant91 ,b]n>d1 & ,gatisd51 & ,gilb]t94 ,( 8 diet measurable 0 he1 ,= x 0 ( no sup]fluity1 ,b ( great n\ri%+ & dige/able2 ,8 /udy 0 b little on ! ,bible1 ,9 sangu9e & 9 p]se he clad 01 all ,l9$ ) taffata & ) s5dall1 ,& yet he 0 b easy ( disp5ce1 ,he kept t he won 9 ! pe/il5ce4 ,= gold 9 physic is a cordial1 ,!re=e he lov$ gold 9 special40 ,"o c ?us picture ! anci5t physician rid+ 8 /eady j5net1 clad 9 d\blet & hose ( r$ & blue1 ) cloak ( s5dall1 a f9e silk mat]ial1 all l9$ ) taffata4 ,9 tell+ ! />s & ca/+ horoscopes he w\ld be le>n$1 z a/rology ent]$ v l>gely into 8 practice1 & br\ght _m big fees4 ,s le>n$ a lee* w\ld d\btless h a l>ge practice1 & ! apo!c>ies evid5tly vi$ ) "o ano!r 9 prep>+ 8 prescriptions4 ,! names ( anci5t philosoph]s ) :om he 0 famili> is q =midable1 ne>ly all ! old au?ors be+ enum]at$4 ,x is satisfactory to "k he 0 no glutton1 & _h an easy consci5ce4 ,t he 0 a wise & c>eful man is evid5t f ! fact t :5 an epidemic came he liv$ b mod]ately1 & sav$ extra money t fl[$ 9 dur+ ! plague "t4 ,! clos+ c\plet is a pretty bit ( wit1 & alludes to ! frequ5t use ( gold 9 m$ic9e 9 anci5t times4 ,among ! pilgrims also 0 a cook-- 8,to boil ! *ick5s & ! m>r[ bones1 ,& p[d] m>*ant t>t & g>l+ale04 ,! =m] +r$i5t1 probably a k9d ( bak+ p[d]1 is n[ unkn[n1 & ! use ( gal+al 9 cook]y has be5 q =gott54 ,?is aromatic condim5t 0 commonly us$ z a cul9>y spice 9 ! middle ages4 ,ref]5ce is made to ! drug 9 ! writ+s ( ,ibn ,khurdadbah1 ! ,arabian geograph]1 9 ! ye> #hfi4 ,x 0 us$ mix$ ) cloves & c>damoms1 & also employ$ 9 m$ical practice z e>ly z ! n9? c5tury4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! knight's romantic tale1 ,palamon1 a gallant "y knight1 escapes f a prison 9 :i* he has be5 immur$ = sev5 ye>s1 by drugg+ ! jail]3-- 8,soon aft] ! midnight1 ,palamon ,by help+ ( a fri5d brake 8 prison ,& fl$ ! city1 fa/ z he might g1 ,= he _h giv5 dr9k 8 gaol] s1 ,( a cl>y made ( a c]ta9 w9e ,) n>cotise & opie ( ,!bes f9e1 ,t all ! night ?r\gh t m5 w\ld him %ake1 ,! gaol] slept he mighte n wake04 ,cl>y 0 ,hippocras w9e made ) spices1 probably *os5 9 ord] to mask ! ta/e ( ! opium & o!r n>cotics1 ( :i* x 0 evid5t ,palamon mu/ h giv5 ! un=tunate jail] a l>ge dose if he slept ?r\gh ! vigor\s %ak+ :i* is said to h be5 adm9i/]$4 ,! opium ( ,!bes 0 mu* us$ 9 ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? c5turies4 ,prosp] ,alp9us1 :o visit$ ,egypt 9 #aehj-hc1 /ates t opium or meconium 0 9 8 "t prep>$ 9 ! ,!bid f ! express$ juice ( poppy-heads1 & x 0 call$ ,opium ,!bacum4 ,lat] 9 ! /ory a %>p enc\nt] occurs betwe5 two b&s ( knights1 9 :i*3-- 8,all 7 !y sorely hurt & namely "o1 ,t ) a spe> 0 ?irl$ 8 brea/ bone1 ,to o!r w\nds & to brok5 arms1 ,"s hadd5 salves & "s hadd5 *>ms1 ,& ph>macies ( h]bs eke sage1 ,!y drank51 = !y w\ld _! lives h40 ,! c>ry+ ( salves by knights to battle probably orig9at$ ) ! ,crusad]s1 :o c>ri$1 prep>$ & bless$1 ungu5ts to dress _! w\nds4 ,o!r w>riors scorn$ to encumb] !mselves ) ! heal+ m$ic9es1 & reli$ on ! *>m or talisman :i* almo/ e knight c>ri$ on go+ to w>4 ,"s w\ld tru/ to ! simple h]b or decoction1 & sage :i* is "h m5tion$ 0 suppos$ to h special heal+ virtue4 ,9 ! ,mill]'s tale we are introduc$ to "o ,h5dy ,ni*olas1 a poor s*ol> or tutor :o liv$ at ,ox=d1 & 8,_h le>n$ art1 b all 8 fantasy ,0 turn$ = to le>n a/rology04 ,ni*olas 0 a sly fell[ to boot1 & some:at ( a beau or a fop ( 8 "t & evid5tly hav+ a turn = sci5ce1 he practis$ x 9 8 leisure1 & 0 consult$ by ! f>m]s ( ! neighb\rhood z to ! /ate ( ! wea!r1 or 9 progno/icat+ ! future = _! wives4 ,he _h a laboratory at 8 lodg+s1 :i* is describ$ 9 ! foll[+ words3-- 8,a *amb] _h he 9 t ho/elry1 ,alone )\t5 any company1 ,full fetisly-y-dight ) h]bs swoot1 ,& he himself 0 sweet z is ! root ,( liquorice or any setewale4 ,8 almage/1 & books great & small1 ,8 a/rolobe belong+ to 8 art1 ,8 augrim /ones lay$ fair ap>t1 ,on %elves c\*$ at 8 b$des head4 ,8 press-y-cov]$ ) a fald+ r$1 ,& above all !m lay a gay psaltry1 ,on :i* he made at nightes melody ,s sweetely t all ! *amb] rang1 ,& ,angelus a virg9em he sang2 ,& aft] t he sung ! ,knight's note2 ,full (t5 bless$ 0 8 m]ry ?roat4 ,& ?us ?is sweete cl]k 8 "t sp5t1 ,aft] 8 fri5des f9d+1 & 8 r5t40 ,"o c easily imag9e f ?is sket* ! a/rolog] sitt+ array$ 9 8 laboratory1 ! room fill$ ) ! p]fume ( fragrant h]bs1 ) a mann] t vi$ ) ! sweetness ( liquorice or val]ian root4 ,prom95t among ! _m books ) :i* he is surr\nd$ is ! ,almage/1 ! book ( ,ptolomy1 :i* =m$ ! canon ( a/rological sci5ce 9 ! middle ages4 ,9 "o corn] 8 b$1 & above on a %elf 8 a/rolobe1 ) :i* he told ! />s1 & ! augrim /ones1 probably pieces ( slate m>k$ ) figures us$ by a/rolog]s 9 _! art4 ,!n !re 0 ! press or *e/ cov]$ ) a r$ clo?1 & hang+ above x 8 psalt]y gaily deck$ ) ribbons1 on :i* he accompani$ himself :5 he sang1 at :i* he 0 evid5tly an adept4 ,lat] 9 ! /ory ! a/rolog] & man ( sci5ce becomes smitt5 by ,cupid1 & "o f9e morn+ goes =? at an e>ly h\r to s]5ade a comely maid 7un=tunately = him1 m>ri$7 ( :om he is enam\r$1 & we are told-- 8,:5 t ! fir/ cock ha? cr[$1 anon ,up rose ?is jolly lov] ,absolon1 ,& him array$ gay at po9t devise1 ,b fir/ he *ew$ gra9s & liquorice1 ,to smelle sweet ere he comb$ 8 hair4 ,"u 8 tongue a true love he be>1 ,= !reby ?\ght he to be graci\s40 ,l unto o!r vot>ies at ! %r9e ( ,v5us1 our a/rolog] took pa9s to make himself look to ! be/ advantage1 & evid5tly be/[$ ! greate/ c>e on 8 dress4 ,to p]fume 8 brea? & make himself acceptable to 8 lady love1 he *ew$ gra9s ( p>adise & liquorice4 ,! =m] 0 a fav\rite spice 9 e>ly times1 b n[ r>ely us$4 ,x has a /rong aromatic ta/e1 :i* is imp>t$ by an ess5tial oil x conta9s4 ,! 8true love0 is ?\ght to mean "s *>m or sweetmeat 9 ! =m ( a 8true lov]'s knot10 :i* he plac$ "u 8 tongue = ! same purpose1 & ?us ?is anci5t gallant w5t =? to woo4 ,t belladonna 0 us$ 9 ,*auc]'s "t z a n>cotic may be ga!r$ f a passage 9 ! ,reeve's tale1 :i* runs3-- 8,to b$de w5t ! daught] "r anon1 ,to b$de w5t ,ale9 & also ,john4 ,!re 0 no m1 ne$$ !m no dwale40 ,dwale 0 an old "n = ! night%ade1 & we may inf] its prop]ties 7 kn[n1 z x 0 us$ to produce sleep at ?is p]iod4 ,9 ! ,nun's ,prie/'s tale we are giv5 a receipt = bad dreams & melan*oly1 :i* gives an example ( ! h\sewife's k ( ! h]bs & simples :i* grew 9 h] g>d53-- 8,?r\gh 9 ?is t[n is no apo!c>y1 ,i %all myself two h]bes tea*e y1 ,t %all be = y\r heal? & = y\r pr[1 ,& 9 our y>d ! h]bs %all ,i f9d1 ,! :i* h ( _! prop]ty by k9d1 ,to purge y b5ea? & eke above1 ,sire1 =get n ?is = ,godde's love4 ,ye be full col]ic ( complexion1 ,w>e t ! sun 9 8 asc5sion1 ,y f9de n replete ( hum\rs hot1 ,& if x d ,i d>e well lay a groat1 ,t ye %all h a fev] t]tiane1 ,or else an ague t may be y\r bane4 ,a day or two ye %all h dige/ives1 ,( wormes1 ere ye take y\r laxatives ,( laurel1 c5taury1 & fumetre1 ,or else ( eld]b]ry t gr[e? !re1 ,( catapuce1 or ( ! gaitre b]ries1 ,or h]b ivy gr[+ 9 our y>d t m]ry is4 ,pick !m "r z !y gr[ & eat !m 91 ,be m]ry husb& = y\r fa!r's k94 ,dreade no dream4 ,i c say y no m40 ,! pati5t seems ?reat5$ ) a fev]1 & ! good-wife1 aft] "s :olesome advice1 doses him ) dige/ives = a day or two1 & aft]w>ds ) ap]i5ts4 ,laurel w\ld d\btless ref] to ! leaves ( ! *]ry laurel1 :i*1 infus$ ) w9e1 0 an old dige/ive tonic4 ,c5taury1 common 9 our fields1 enjoy$ a v e>ly reputation4 ,! h]b 0 s call$ because x is said t by its virtue ! c5taur ,*iron 0 heal$ :5 ! poison$ arr[ ( ,h]cules _h accid5tally w\nd$ 8 foot4 ,fumitory1 too1 0 gr[n by ! h\sewives1 & 0 us$ z a tonic & a rem$y = jaundice4 ,! curative prop]ties ( ! eld]-b]ry are /ill recognis$ z a/r+5t & sudorific1 & take a place 9 dome/ic rem$ies4 ,catapuce is ! old "n = spurge1 a common h]b =m]ly us$ = its purgative prop]ties2 :ile ! gaitre or dogwood-b]ries1 & ! h]b ivy1 7 also us$ z laxative m$ic9es & liv] /imulants4 ,9 ! ,canon's ,yeoman's tale we are introduc$ to a canon :o practises al*emy1 & :om ,*auc] makes ! butt = "s ke5 satire aga9/ ! foll[]s ( t sci5ce4 8,x seems10 says ,tyr:itt1 8t "s sudd5 res5tm5t _h det]m9$ ,*auc] to int]rupt ! regul> c\rse ( 8 "w 9 ord] to ins]t a satire aga9/ ! al*emi/s4 ,t _! pret5d$ sci5ce 0 mu* cultivat$ ab\t ?is "t1 & produc$ its usual evils1 may fairly be inf]r$ f ! ,act t 0 pass$ soon aft]1 :]eas x 0 made a felony to multiply gold or silv] above ! art ( multiplication40 ,! description ( ! canon z he jo9$ ! procession is some:at amus+3-- 8,8 hat hung at 8 back d[n by a lace1 ,= he _h ridd5 m ?an trot or pace1 ,he hadde prick$ l z he 7 wood4 ,a clote leaf he _h laid "u 8 hood1 ,= sweat & to keep 8 head f heat1 ,b x 0 joye = to see him sweat4 ,8 =ehead dropp$ z a /illatory ,7 full ( planta9 or ( p>itory40 ,to keep 8 head cool :ile rid+ h>d he _h plac$ a clote or burdock leaf1 :i* 0 =m]ly us$ z a p\ltice1 9 8 hat or hood1 a common cu/om 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry at ! pres5t "t4 ,to %[ ! tone ( ! poet's m9d :5 he wrote ?is tale1 x may be not$ h[ e>ly ! *emical hyp]bole is introduc$1 9 comp>+ ! canon's p]spir+ =ehead to a /ill :i* is 9 op]ation1 fill$ ) planta91 or p>itory1 an old "n = ! wallfl[]4 ,! =m] plant _h a l>ge1 ?ick1 juicy leaf1 & 0 =m]ly us$ z an a/r+5t1 :ile ! wallfl[] once enjoy$ a reputation z an anodyne4 ,! yeoman1 9 proce$+ ) ! /ory ( 8 ma/]'s practises1 fir/ describes 8 duties z ! philosoph]'s man3-- 8,i w speak ( our "w1 ,:5 we be !re z we %all ex]cise ,our elvion craft1 we seeme wond] wise1 ,our t]mes be s cl]gial & qua9t1 ,i bl[ ! fire till t m9e he>te fa9t4 ,:y %\ld ,i tell5 ea* proportion ,( ?+s :i*e t we "w ^u1 ,z on five or six ounces may well be ,( silv]1 or "s o!r quantity8 ,& busy me to tell y ! names1 ,z orpim5t1 burnt bones1 iron squames1 ,t into p[d] gr\nd5 be full small1 ,& 9 an e>!n pot h[ put is all40 ,! poet "h describes an old amalgam us$ 9 al*emy compos$ ( r$ lead1 bone a%1 & iron scales3-- 8,( ! c>e & woe ,t we _h 9 our matt]s sublim+1 ,& 9 amalgam+1 & calc9+ ,( quicksilv]1 call$ m]cury crude1 ,= all our sleightes we c n conclude04 ,! sublim+ ( m]cury 0 consid]$ a mo/ important process1 & 0 p]=m$ ) mu* c>e4 ,! yeoman !n goes on to enum]ate o!r articles & app>atus us$ by ! craft1 9 a some:at disjo9t$ mann]3-- 8,yet ,i w tell !m z !y come to m9d1 ,z bol armoniac1 v]digris1 borace1 ,& sundry vessels made ( e>? & glass1 ,our ur9als1 & our desc5sories2 ,phials1 & croslets1 & sublimatories1 ,cucurbites & alembikes eke1 ,& o!r su*e de> en\gh a leek04 ,! desc5sorie 0 a k9d ( flask us$ 9 di/ill+ p] desc5sum1 :ile ! croslet 0 an old "n = ! crucible4 ,! cucurbite 0 ! retort us$ 9 di/ill+1 & ! alembike 0 ! /ill itself4 ,! yeoman !n cont9ues3-- 8,wat]s rubify+ & bulle's gall1 ,ars5ic1 sal-ammoniac1 & brim/one1 ,& h]bs c\ld ,i tell eke _m a "o1 ,z egremonie1 val]ian1 & lun>y2 ,& o!r su* if t me li/ to t>ry1 ,our lampes burn+ bo? night & day1 ,to br+ ab\t our craft if t we may1 ,our furnace eke ( calc9ation1 ,& ( wat]s albification04 ,egremono9e or agrimony1 commonly call$ liv]wort1 0 us$ 9 e>ly m$ical practice z an a/r+5t tonic1 lun>y or moonwort 7,botry*ium ,lun>ia7 be+ possess$ ( simil> m$ic9al prop]ties3-- 8,clay made ) horse & mannes hair1 & oil ,( t>t>4 ,alum1 glass1 b>m1 wort1 & argoil1 ,rosalg> & o!r matt]s imbib+1 ,& eke ( our matt]s encorpor+2 ,& ( our silv] citr9ation1 ,our cem5t+ & f]m5tation1 ,our +ots1 te/s1 & _m ?+s mo'40 ,among ! o!r /range articles nam$1 argoil 0 ! pott]s' clay us$ z a lut+ to close ! jo9ts1 seal ! flasks1 & exclude ! air4 ,rosalg> 0 ! anci5t "n = fl[]s ( antimony1 mu* e/eem$ by ! philosoph]s4 ,! t]m citr9ation ref]s to ! yell[ col\r1 :i*1 :5 x occurr$ ?r\gh *emical action1 prov$ ! philosoph]'s /one4 ,we next h ! al*emi/'s cre$1 & ! fundam5tal pr9ciples ( ! old philosophy3-- 8,i w tell y z 0 "o taught also1 ,! f\re spirits & ! bodies sev54 ,by ord] z (t ,i he>d my "l !m nev51 ,! fir/ _s quicksilv] call$ is2 ,! second orpim5t1 ! ?ird y-wis ,sal-ammoniac1 & ! f\r? brim/one1 ,! bodies sion eke lo !m "h anon2 ,sol gold is1 & ,luna silv] 0 ?repe1 ,m>s iron1 ,m]cury quicksilv]1 we clepe4 ,saturnus is lead1 & ,jupit] is t91 ,& ,v5us copp] by my fa!r's k940 ,! metallic bodies 7 describ$ 9 ! works ( al*emi/s by ! planet "u ^: influ5ce !y 7 suppos$ to op]ate1 & kn[n by ! al*emical symbol ( t planet4 ,?us gold is call$ ,sol1 repres5t$ by ! symbol 1 & copp] is t]m$ ,v5us1 repres5t$ by ! symbol 4 ,x appe>s to h be5 a cu/om ( ! apo!c>ies f v e>ly times to fill bottles ) col\r$ solutions :i* 7 m>k$ ) ^! symbols2 ?us1 a bottle conta9+ a yell[ solution signify+ gold w\ld be m>k$ 1 & a r$ "o w\ld be m>k$ 1 signify+ iron4 ,^! gradually became a k9d ( trade sign1 & are probably ! orig9 ( ! col\r$ globes us$ z ! insignia ( ! ph>maci/ or comp\nd] ( m$ic9es at ! pres5t "t4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,%akespe>e4 ,! b>d ( ,avon1 9 ! wide & g5]al k he displays ( ! mann]s1 ways1 & cu/oms ( 8 own & o!r c\ntries 9 8 plays1 makes _m allusions to drugs & h]bs1 & _! use4 ,9 8 ref]5ces to drugs1 !re is none p]haps on :i* great] diff]5ce ( op9ion exi/s ?an t allud$ to 9 ! spee* ( ! ,gho/ 9 ,hamlet1 9 :i* ! app>ition says3-- 8,sleep+ )9 m9e or*>d1 ,my cu/om always 9 ! aft]noon1 ,^u my secure h\r ?y uncle /ole1 ,) juice ( cursd heb5on 9 a vial1 ,& 9 ! por*es ( m9e e> did p\r ,! lepr\s di/ilm5t2 ^: effect ,holds su* an enmity ) blood ( man1 ,t1 swift z quicksilv]1 x c\rses ?r\gh ,! natural gates & alleys ( ! body2 ,&1 ) a sudd5 vig\r1 x do? posset ,& curd1 l eag] dropp+s into milk1 ,! ?9 & :olesome blood3 s did x m9e04#i #i ,hamlet1 act i41 sc5e v4 ,x has always be5 a matt] ( individual speculation & dispute z to ! juice ( :at plant ,%akespe>e alludes to "h z ! 8curs$ heb5on04 ,! mean+ ( ! ^w heb5on is ebony-col\r$1 or black1 s t x might apply to any d>k liquid4 ,mo/ writ]s & comm5tators seem to be ( op9ion t h5bane is allud$ to1 b judg+ f ! rapid effect ( ! liquid1 x w\ld appe> t "s m p[]ful poison is int5d$4 ,! juice ( h5bane is n a p[]ful poison1 & x is b a feeble n>cotic ^: effects are ma9ly s$ative & soo?+4 ,x acts also z a neurotic1 affect+ ! bra9 & produc+ delirium4 ,x w be se5 t !re is little similitude betwe5 ! actual effect ( h5bane & t ( ! poison describ$ by ! poet4 ,o!rs ?9k x m probable t hemlock1 an anci5t poison ( ! ,greeks1 is int5d$4 ,its action is mu* m rapid & p[]ful1 ! sp9al cord be+ *iefly affect$1 & p>alysis caus$1 end+ 9 dea?4 ,! drug is a p[]ful n>cotic & anodyne1 & is also a p>alysant4 ,x 0 well kn[n to ! apo!c>ies ( ,%akespe>e's day1 its poison\s prop]ties hav+ be5 obs]v$ f v e>ly times4 ,x %\ld be tak5 into acc\nt1 t z a matt] ( fact ! p\r+ ( any poison\s liquid ( vegetable orig9 into ! e> w\ld h little or no imm$iate effect2 & unless ! tympanum _h be5 ruptur$ x w\ld be almo/ impossible = x to be absorb$ into ! sy/em & at once prove fatal4 ,p>is says3 8,might n ! juice ( curs$ heb5on by :i*1 accord+ to ,%akespe>e1 ! ,k+ ( ,d5m>k 0 poison$1 h be5 ! ess5tial oil ( tobacco80 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! le>n$ comm5tator ,dr4 ,grey obs]ves1 t ! ^w "h us$--heb5on--0 m probably designat$ by a meta!sis1 ei!r ( ! poet or transcrib]1 = h5ebon1 i4e41 h5bane4 ,n[1 x appe>s f ,g]ade1 ! 8tobaco0 0 commonly call$ h5bane ( ,p]u--,hyoscyamus ,p]uvianus2 & :5 we consid] h[ high ! public prejudice ran aga9/ ?is h]b 9 ! reign ( ,james1 x seems n unlikely t ,%akespe>e %\ld h select$ x z an ag5t ( extraord9>y malignity4 ,no prep>ation ( hyoscyamus ) :i* we are acqua9t$ w\ld produce dea? by application to ! e>1 :]eas ! ess5tial oil ( tobacco might possibly h su* an effect4 ,! t]m 8di/ilm5t10 says ,/ev5s1 8is calculat$ to support ?is conjecture4 ,surely ! expression signifies t ! prep>ation 0 ! result ( a di/illation40 ,x is a s+ul> fact t ! ess5tial oil ( tobacco diff]s consid]ably 9 its physiological action f an infusion made f ! leaves1 ! =m] affect+ ! bra91 & ! latt] ! he>t4#aj #aj ,p>is1 ,ph>macologia1 p4 #bid4 ,ellacombe /ates3 8,be=e1 & 9 ! "t ( ,%akespe>e1 o!r writ]s _h spok5 ( ! n>cotic & poison\s effects ( heb51 heb5on1 or hebona40 ,sp5s] says3-- 8,faire ,v5us sonne1444 ,lay n[ ?y deadly heb5 b[ ap>t04 ,g[] & ,m>l[e also wrote ( ! juice ( hebon4 ,x may be tak5 = grant$ t all ^! au?ors allude to ! same tree4 ,ni*olson & ,h>rison1 aft] a v exhau/ive inve/igation ( ! subject1 agree t ! true read+ is hebona1 & t hebona is ! yew4 ,_! ma9 argum5ts are bas$ on ! foll[+ ?ree facts3-- #a4 ,t 9 ne>ly all ! nor!rn nations ! "n ( ! yew is m or less l heb54 #b4 ,t all ! effects attribut$ by ,%akespe>e to ! action ( hebona are describ$ by diff]5t m$ical writ]s z aris+ f yew poison+4 #c4 ,t ! po/-mortem appe>ances aft] yew poison+ & snake poison+ are simil>4 ,lat] on1 9 ! play p]=m$ be=e ! ,k+1 ,lucianus ?us speaks ( ! poison\s m$ic9e he uses3-- 8,?\ghts break1 h&s apt1 drugs fit1 & "t agree+1 ,conf$]ate season1 else no creature see+1 ,?\ mixture rank1 ( midnight we$s collect$1 ,) ,hecate's ban ?rice bla/$1 ?rice infect$1 ,?y natural magic & dire prop]ty ,on :olesome life usurp imm$iately04 ,"h allusion is made to a mixture ( poison\s h]bs ga!r$ at midnight1 probably hemlock among o!rs1 z m5tion$ 9 ! wit*es' incantation 9 ,macbe?1 to :i* we %all ref] lat]4 ,) reg>d to ! ga!r+ ( h]bs at night1 ! practice 0 common1 x be+ suppos$ t ! prop]ties ( ! plant collect$ at night 7 /rong] ?an 9 ! daytime4 ,t !re is a c]ta9 am\nt ( tru? 9 ?is is prov$ by ! rese>*es ( ,sa*s & ,br[n1 :o h f\nd f _! inve/igations t />* is =m$ 9 ! leaves ( plants dur+ ! day1 & is consum$ dur+ ! night1 s t ! old sup]/ition ( ! increas$ activity ( ! midnight ga!r$ h]b 0 n my?ical4 ,%akespe>e's well-kn[n description ( ! poor apo!c>y ( 8 "t1 :i* he introduces 9 ,romeo & ,juliet1 pres5ts an excell5t picture ( ! ne$y practition] 9 ! sixte5? c5tury3-- 8,i d rememb] an apo!c>y1 ,& h]eab\ts he dwells1 :om late ,i not$ ,9 tatt]'d we$s1 ) ov]:elm+ br[s1 ,cull+ ( simples2 meagre 7 8 looks1 ,%>p mis]y _h worn him to ! bones3 ,& 9 8 ne$y %op a tortoise hung1 ,an alligator /uff'd1 & o!r sk9s ,( ill-%ap$ fi%es2 & ab\t 8 %elves ,a begg>ly acc\nt ( empty boxes1 ,gre5 e>!n pots1 bladd]s1 & mu/y se$s2 ,remnants ( pack?read & old cakes ( roses1 ,7 ?9ly scatt]$ to make up a %[04#aa #aa ,romeo & ,juliet1 act v41 sc5e i4 ,"o c readily picture ! pov]ty-/rick5 appe>ance ( ! d>k little %op1 litt]$ & cr[d$ ) ! /uff$ sk9s ( curi\s fi%es & alligators4 ,"o c almo/ smell ! close mu/y od\r bl5d$ ) ! aromatic p]fume ( drugs & ! old cakes ( press$ rose leaves1 ! mann] 9 :i* !y 7 =m]ly pres]v$ = m$ic9al purposes4 ,! fa%ionably-dress$ ,romeo ent]s1 aft] hav+ made a consid]able noise to r\se ! att5tion ( ! old apo!c>y f 8 p]*ance mu*-ne$$ repose1 & (f]s 8 bribe = ! poison4 ,( ! purpose = :i* he requires x he makes little secret4 8,,romeo4 ,come hi!r1 man4 ,i see t ?\ art poor2 ,hold1 !re is =ty ducats2 let me h ,a dram ( poison1 su* soon-spe$+ ge> ,z w disp]se itself ?r\gh all ! ve9s1 ,t ! life-we>y tak] may fall dead2 ,& t ! trunk may be dis*>g$ ( brea? ,z viol5tly z ha/y p[d] fir'd ,do? hurry f ! fatal cannon's m\?40 ,! ,apo!c>y's reply3-- 8,su* mortal drugs ,i h2 b ,mantua's law ,is dea? to any he t utt]s !m10 w\ld %[ t ,%akspe>e's idea ( ! law respect+ ! sale ( poisons 0 a sev]e "o1 & mu* be=e 8 "t4 ,! law 9 ,engl& at t "t z reg>ds ! sell+ ( poisons 0 v lax4 ,b = ! poor apo!c>y ! bribe 0 too tempt+4 ,p]*ance he 0 hungry1 & !re is some?+ pa!tic 9 8 rejo9d]1 8,my pov]ty1 b n my w1 cons5ts04 ,& giv+ ,romeo ! poison3-- 8,put ?is 9 any liquid ?+ y w1 ,& dr9k x (f2 &1 if y _h ! /r5g? ,( tw5ty m51 x w\ld despat* y /raight04 ,! poet gives no indication ( ! nature ( ! poison beyond t its effect 0 v rapid1 z :5 ! di/ract$ lov] dr9ks to 8 lady love 9 ! deadly draught he exclaims3-- 8,o true apo!c>y6 ,?y drugs are quick4 ,?us ) a kiss ,i die40 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( ! sixte5? c5tury ! practice ( ! black art 0 c>ri$ on ?r\gh\t ,engl&1 mo/ly by old wom51 :o also sold *>ms & love philtres4 ,%akespe>e's description ( ! wit*es' incantations 9 ,macbe? pres5ts "s idea ( a seance1 & ! gruesome articles 9 :i* !y dealt4 ,to "k ! prop]ties ( ! mo/ poison\s h]bs 7(t5 q fictiti\s7 0 "p ( _! trade4 8,r\nd ab\t ! cauldron g2 ,9 ! poison'd entrails ?r[4 ,toad1 t "u colde/ /one1 ,days & nights ha/ ?irty-"o ,swelt]'d v5om sleep+ got1 ,boil ?\ fir/ i' ! *>m$ pot4 ,d\ble1 d\ble1 toil & tr\ble2 ,fire burn1 & cauldron bubble4 8,fillet ( a f5ny snake1 ,9 ! cauldron boil & bake2 ,eye ( newt & toe ( frog1 ,wool ( bat & tongue ( dog1 ,add]'s =k1 & bl9d-worm's /+1 ,liz>d's leg1 & owlet's w+1 ,= a *>m ( p[]ful tr\ble2 ,l a hell-bro? boil & bubble4 ,d\ble1 d\ble1 toil & tr\ble2 ,fire burn1 & cauldron bubble4 8,scale ( dragon1 too? ( wolf1 ,wit*'s mummy1 maw & gulf ,( ! rav9'd salt-sea %>k2 ,root ( hemlock1 digg'd i' ! d>k1 ,liv] ( blasphem+ ,jew2 ,gall ( goat1 & slips ( yew1 ,sliv]'d 9 ! moon's eclipse2 ,nose ( ,turk & ,t>t>'s lips2 ,f+] ( bir?-/rangl$ babe1 ,dit*-deliv]$ by a drab1 ,make ! gruel ?ick & slab2 ,add !reto a tig]'s *audron1 ,= ! +r$i5ts ( our cauldron4 ,d\ble1 d\ble1 toil & tr\ble2 ,fire burn1 & cauldron bubble40 ,! me?od "h us$ by ! wit*es to measure ! "t t ! cauldron %\ld boil by s++ _! incantation is1 accord+ to ,dr4 ,laud] ,brunton1 an anci5t mode ( calculat+ "t /ill us$ 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry at ! pres5t day4 ,by ?us repeat+ sev]al v]ses !y c\ld regulate ! "t ( boil+ fairly well4 ,! old apo!c>ies us$ ! moon z a me?od ( calculat+ ! "t c]ta9 processes %\ld take1 & ! ^w 8m5/ruum10 /ill commonly us$1 0 employ$ because c]ta9 drugs 7 all[$ to mac]ate a mon? 9 ! liquid to extract ! active con/itu5ts4 ,9 ! toad t _h be5 ly+ "u a /one = ?irty-"o days & nights1 we h ano!r curi\s in/ance h[ ! empirical practition]s ( m$ival times act$ on a c]ta9 traditional k1 :i* mod]n sci5ce has s9ce prov$ to be correct4 ,we h aga9 9 ! toad :i* has la9 dormant = a mon?1 ! idea t x 0 ! be/ "t = 8 use1 :5 8 v5om w\ld be mo/ active1 besides ! advantage also ( cat*+ him napp+1 :5 he w\ld h no opportunity ( gett+ rid ( ! poison\s pr9ciple conta9$ 9 8 sk94 ,dr4 ,laud] ,brunton rem>ks ) respect to ?is practice3 8,i rememb] read+ z a *ild a /ory ( h[ ,k+ ,john 0 poison$ by a fri> :o dropp$ a toad into 8 w9e1 b "s books ( natural hi/ory =ty or fifty ye>s ago sc\t$ ! idea ( toads be+ poison\s at all4 ,a little :ile ago1 h[ev]1 ,dr4 ,leon>d ,gu?ie s5t me an int]e/+ acc\nt ( a wick$ ,italian woman ^: husb& 0 dy+ ( dropsy4 ,he took s long ab\t x t 8 wife became tir$ ( ! process1 & ?\ght t %e w\ld help him on4 ,%e accord+ly caught a toad & put x 9 8 w9e1 s t he %\ld dr9k ! liquid & die1 b in/ead ( dy+ he1 to h] a/oni%m5t & disgu/1 completely recov]$4 ,=ty ye>s ago ?is /ory w\ld h be5 sc\t$ z equally my?ical ) t ( ,k+ ,john1 b n[ we "k t x is precisely :at ! woman w\ld h expect$ if %e _h only be5 acqua9t$ ) ! rese>*es ( mod]n ph>macology4 ,= ! sk9 ( a toad secretes a poison1 ! active pr9ciple ( :i*1 phryn91 has an action v mu* resembl+ t ( digitalis1 :i* is ! rem$y p> excell5ce = dropsy dep5d+ on he>t disease40 ,n less curi\s are ! directions = ga!r+ ! poison\s hemlock at night1 :i* has rec5tly be5 %[n to be ! "t ( its greate/ activity4 ,^! few in/ances %[ t ! anci5t apo!c>ies _h (t5 mu* great] k ?an we give !m cr$it =1 & t "s ( ! mod]n discov]ies 9 mod]n sci5ce 7 well kn[n to !m1 ev5 if !y c\ld n acc\nt = !m4 ,9 ! ,tam+ ( ! ,%rew allusion is made to ! simples 9 vogue at ! "t = hurts & bruises4 ,! "l's directions = ! treatm5t ( ,*ri/oph] ,sly1 :o is f\nd sleep+ 9 ! road on a cold night aft] a dr9k+ b\t1 are curi\s3-- 8,balm 8 f\l head ) w>m di/ill$ wat]s1 ,& burn sweet wood to make ! lodg+ sweet04 ,! di/ill$ aromatic wat]s1 ( :i* ! apo!c>y manufactur$ a consid]able numb]1 7 mu* us$ 9 ! middle ages = ! purpose ( fom5tation4 ,! burn+ ( sweet woods1 su* z aloe or s&al1 to take away evil smells1 0 a v anci5t practice4 ,an old cure = melan*oly is embodi$ 9 ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,y\r hon\r's play]s1 he>+ y\r am5dm5t1 ,are come to play a pleasant com$y1 ,= s y\r doctors hold x v meet3 ,see+ too mu* sadness ha? congeal'd y\r blood1 ,& melan*oly is ! nurse ( fr5zy1 ,!re=e !y ?\ght x good y he> a play1 ,& frame y\r m9d to mir? & m]rim5t1 ,:i* b>s a ?\s& h>ms1 & l5g!ns life04 ,9 ,measure = ,measure1 ! poet _h evid5tly ! dulcam>a or bitt]-sweet 9 m9d :5 he p5n$ ! l9es3-- 8,i %\ld n ?9k x /range1 = 'tis a physic ,t's bitt] to sweet end04 ,! dulcam>a or bitt]-sweet has ! peculi> prop]ty1 :5 fir/ tak5 into ! m\?1 ( imp>t+ a bitt] flav\r :i* gradually *anges to a sweet "o1 h5ce its "n4 ,! k ( drugs & h]bs possess$ by ! noble dames & h\sewives is frequ5tly m5tion$ by ,%akespe>e4 ,! *atela9e ( 8 "t 0 well acqua9t$ ) ! m$ic9al prop]ties ( all ! simples & h]bs1 :i* %e cultivat$ 9 h] own g>d54 ,h] skill & exp]i5ce 7 always at ! s]vice ( h] h\sehold & ( dep5dants = miles ar\nd4 ,! ,que51 wife ( ,cymbel9e1 gives evid5ce ( ?is 9 h] conv]sation ) ,cornelius ! physician3-- 8,,que54 ,:iles yet ! dew's on gr\nd1 ga!r ^? fl[]s2 ,make ha/e3 :o has ! note ( !m8 99 99 99 99 99 ,n[1 ma/] doctor1 h y br\ght ^? drugs8 8,,cornelius4 ,please? y\r highness1 ay3 "h !y are1 madam 7pres5t+ a small box71 ,b ,i besee* y\r grace1 )\t (f5ce-- ,my consci5ce bids me ask--:]e=e y h ,comm&$ ( me ^! mo/ poison\s comp\nds1 ,:i* are ! mov]s ( a langui%+ dea?2 ,b1 ?\gh sl[1 deadly8 8,,que54 ,i d wond]1 doctor1 ,?\ ask'/ me su* a "q4 ,h ,i n be5 ,?y pupil long8 ,ha/ ?\ n le>n$ me h[ ,to make p]fumes1 di/il1 pres]ve8 yea1 s1 ,t our great k+ himself do? woo me (t ,= my confections8 ,hav+ ?us f> proce$$ 7,unless ?\ ?9k'/ me devili%71 is't n meet ,t ,i did amplify my judgm5t 9 ,o!r conclusions8 ,i w try ! =ces ,( ^! ?y comp\nds on su* creatures z ,we c\nt n wor? ! hang+1 b none human1 ,to try ! vig\r ( !m1 & apply ,allaym5ts to _! act1 & by !m ga!r ,_! sev]al virtues1 & effects4 8,,cornelius4 ,y\r highness ,%all f ?is practice b make h>d y\r he>t3 ,besides1 ! see+ ^! effects w be ,bo? noisome & infecti\s4 8,,que54 ,oh cont5t !e4 ,ent] ,,pisanio4 7aside7 ,"h comes a flatt]+ rascal2 ^u him ,w ,i fir/ "w3 he's = 8 ma/]1 ,& enemy to my son4 ,h[ n[1 ,pisanio8 ,doctor1 y\r s]vice = ?is "t is end$2 ,take y\r own way4 8,,cornelius4 7aside7 ,i d suspect y1 madam1 ,b y %all d no h>m4 ,i d n l h]4 ,%e do? ?9k %e has ,/range l+]+ poisons4 ,i d n "k h] _s1 ,& w n tru/ "o ( h] malice ) ,a drug ( su* damn'd nature4 ,^? %e has ,w /upify & dull ! s5se a :ile3 ,:i* fir/1 p]*ance1 %e'll prove on cats & dogs1 ,!n aft]w>ds up high]1 b !re is ,no dang] 9 :at %[ ( dea? x makes1 ,m ?an ! lock+ up ! spirits a "t ,to be m fre% reviv+4 ,%e is fool'd ,) a mo/ false effect2 & ,i ! tru] ,s to be false ) h]40#ab #ab ,cymbel9e1 sc5e vi4 ,! caution ( ! physician is well describ$1 & 8 resort to subt]fuge 9 ord] to *eckmate ! evil design ( 8 wily mi/ress & old pupil1 :om he evid5tly di/ru/s4 ,! ,que5 is suppos$ to h possess$ consid]able k & skill 9 ! use ( drugs1 & h] cons]ves _h evid5tly a great reputation4 ,h] sci5tific ideas 7 9 advance ( ! age %e liv$ 9 :5 %e /ates h] desire to make physiological exp]im5ts on animals to advance h] k2 b ! cle> acum5 ( ,cornelius saw ?r\gh ! app>5tly laudable _s ( rese>* t imbu$ 8 pupil1 & he suppli$ h] ) drugs ( less pot5cy4 ,! foll[+ allusions are made to ! apo!c>y3-- 8,,c>d9al ,,beau=t4 ,bid ! apo!c>y ,br+ ! /rong poison t ,i b\ght ( him40#ac ,& aga91 9 ,p]icles1 ,pr9ce ( ,tyre1 ,c]imon says3-- 8,y\r ma/] w be dead ere y return2 ,!re's no?+ c be m9i/]'d to nature1 ,t c recov] him4 ,give ?is to ! apo!c>y1 ,& tell me h[ x works40#ad #ac ,h5ry ,,vi41 "p iii41 act ii41 sc5e iii4 #ad ,p]icles1 act iii41 sc5e ii4 ,?is "l ( ,ephesus 0 evid5tly some?+ ( an amateur physician1 z he tells u lat] t 8',tis kn[n ,i ev] ,h /udi$ physic1 ?r\gh :i* secret art1 ,by turn+ o'er au?orities1 ,i h 7,toge!r ) my practice7 made famili> ,to me & to my aid ! ble/ infusions ,t dwell 9 vegetives1 9 metals1 /ones2 ,& c speak ( ! di/urbances t nature ,works1 & ( ! cures2 :i* do? give me ,a m cont5t 9 c\rse ( true delight ,?an to be ?ir/y aft] tott]+ hon\r04 ,! l9es-- 8,"o ^: subdu'd eyes1 ,albeit unus$ to ! melt+ mood1 ,drop te>s z fa/ z ! ,arabian trees ,_! m$ic9al gum10#ae spok5 by ,o!llo1 ref] to ! mann] 9 :i* _m ( ! m$ic9al gums are collect$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,small slits or punctures are made 9 ! b>k ( ! tree1 ?r\gh :i* ! semi-liquid gum sl[ly oozes4 ,x !n coagulates 9 ! =m ( a te>1 & is at l5g? scrap$ (f & collect$4 #ae ,o!llo1 act v41 sc5e ii4 8,set ratsbane by 8 porridge40#af #af ,k+ ,le>1 act iii41 sc5e iv4 8,i _h z lief !y w\ld put ratsbane 9 my m\? z (f] to /op x ) security40#ag #ag ,h5ry ,,iv41 "p ii41 act i41 sc5e ii4 8,i w\ld ! milk ,?y "m gave !e1 :5 ?\ suck'd/ h] brea/1 ,_h be5 a little ratsbane = my sake40#ah #ah ,h5ry ,,vi41 act v41 sc5e iv4 ,ratsbane1 m5tion$ 9 ! ?ree prec$+ quotations1 0 an old "n = ars5ic1 :i* 9 ,%akespe>e's "t 0 commonly us$ = poison+ rats1 h5ce ! "n4 8,i h b\ght ! oil1 ! balsamum1 & aqua vit10#ai says ,dromio ( ,syracuse4 ,^! 7 ! m$ical com=ts = ! b>que ( ,epidamnum1 & %[ t sail+ vessels 9 ^? days c>ri$ a c]ta9 am\nt ( m$ic9e4 ,! oil may h be5 "o ( ! _m panaceas ( ! "t = 8purg+ ! body ( bile or hum\r10 :ile balsams !re 7 by ! score1 ( ,hung>y1 & aromatics = 8w9d & pa904 ,! aqua vit allud$ to 0 probably br&y1 :i* w\ld s]ve to keep ! c\rage ( ! voyag]s up & ! cold out4 #ai ,com$y ( ,errors1 act iv41 sc5e i4 ,proteus1 9 ! ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona1 exclaims3-- 8,:5 ,i 0 sick y gave me bitt] pills2 ,& ,i mu/ m9i/] l to y04#bj #bj ,two ,g5tlem5 ( ,v]ona1 act ii41 sc5e iv4 ,9 ,lucrece ! b>d %[s he knew some?+ ( ! c\nt]act+ effects ( c]ta9 drugs f ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,! poison\s simple sometimes is compact$ ,9 a pure comp\nd2 be+ s appli$1 ,8 v5om 9 effect is purifi$04#ba #ba ,lucrece1 v41 #gf4 8,,k+ ,,h5ry4 ,! unit$ vessel ( _! blood1 ,m+l$ ) v5om ( sugge/ion1 ,z1 = a purpose1 ! age w p\r x 91 ,%all nev] leak1 ?\gh x d "w z /rong ,z aconitum or ra% gunp[d]40#bb #bb ,k+ ,h5ry ,,iv41 "p ii41 act iv41 sc5e iv4 ,! aconite or monk%ood1 =m]ly call$ wolf's bane1 gives u "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful vegetable poisons1 its prop]ties hav+ long be5 kn[n & employ$ 9 m$ical practice4 ,x 0 us$ by ! e>ly ,greeks & ,romans1 & is probably ev5 ( /ill great] antiquity4 ,on acc\nt ( its rapid & deadly action1 ,%akespe>e comp>es x to gunp[d]4 ,"s comm5tators are ( ! op9ion t aconite 0 ! poison sold by ! apo!c>y to ! lovesick ,romeo4 ,a curi\s old tradition is allud$ to by ,fal/aff :5 speak+ ( ! *amomile1 9 ! foll[+ s5t5ce3-- 8,?\gh ! camomile1 ! m x is trodd5 on ! fa/] x gr[s1 yet y\?1 ! m x is wa/$ ! soon] x we>s04#bc #bc ,k+ ,h5ry ,,iv41 "p i41 act ii41 sc5e iv4 ,! *amomile has an anci5t reputation = its m$ic9al prop]ties z a /oma*ic & febrifuge4 ,its gr[? is said to be improv$ by be+ press$ or trampl$ into ! e>?4 8,,%all[4 ,nay1 y %all see my or*>d1 :]e1 9 an arb\r1 we w eat a la/ ye>'s pipp9 ( my own graff+1 ) a di% ( c>aways & s =?40#bd #bd ,k+ ,h5ry ,,iv41 "p ii41 act v41 sc5e iii4 ,c>raway se$s 7 v l>gely us$ 9 ,%akespe>e's "t z a spice & condim5t4 ,! ess5tial oil !y yield has c>m9ative prop]ties4 ,! se$s 7 (t5 s]v$ ) roa/ apples1 a cu/om /ill said to be kept up at ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 8,,iago4 ,! food t to him n[ is z lusci\s z locu/s1 %all be to him %ortly z bitt] z coloqu9tida40#be ,! coloqu9tida m5tion$1 is ! old "n = colocyn?1 a drug l>gely us$ 9 m$ic9e at ! pres5t "t4 ,x 0 employ$ by ! ,greek & ,roman physicians z a purgative1 & 0 kn[n 9 ,brita9 z e>ly z ! elev5? c5tury4 ,x has a dra/ic1 bitt] ta/e1 & is commonly kn[n z bitt] apple4 #be ,o!llo1 act i41 sc5e iii4 ,%akespe>e makes sev]al allusions to ! eld]1 a tree conc]n+ :i* !re are _m old traditions4 ,"o ( !m w suffice4 8,,hol(]nes4 ,beg91 sir1 y are my eld]4 8,,biron4 ,well foll[$2 ,judas 0 hang$ on an eld]40#bf #bf ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 act v41 sc5e ii4 ,! sambucus nigra1 or black eld]1 has long be5 us$ 9 m$ic9e z a discuti5t1 yet tradition gives x an evil "n4 ,judas 0 suppos$ to h hang$ himself on an eld] tree1 :i* d\btless br\ght x into disrepute1 al?\gh its fl[]s di/ill$ ) wat] make an excell5t cosmetic4 8,,ophelia4 ,!re's f5nel = y & columb9es40#bg #bg ,hamlet1 act iv41 sc5e v4 ,?is h]b 0 greatly valu$ by ! old apo!c>ies1 & 0 kn[n also to ! anci5ts4 ,!re 0 an old belief t ! f5nel 9 fl[] pr$ict$ an e>ly summ]4 ,its *ief use n[ is z a flav\r+ ag5t4 ,sev]al allusions are also made to g+]4 8,,cl[n4 ,i mu/ h saffron to col\r ! w>d5 pies2 mace2 dates--none1 t's out ( my note2 nutmegs1 sev52 a race or two ( g+]1 b t ,i beg40#bh ,g+] 0 kn[n & us$ by ! ,greeks & ,romans z a spice1 & 0 e/eem$ by physicians 9 ,engl& at ! "t ( ! ,norman ,conque/4 ,its hot1 burn+ ta/e is due to a res9\s pr9ciple conta9$ 9 ! root1 & is /ill us$ 9 m$ic9e4 #bh ,w9t]'s ,tale1 act iv41 sc5e iii4 ,! m&rake or m&ragora is frequ5tly m5tion$ 9 ! plays4 ,?us says 8,,iago4 ,n poppy1 nor m&ragora1 ,nor all ! dr[sy syrup ( ! _w1 ,%all ev] m$ic9e !e to t sweet sleep ,:i* ?\ ow$/ ye/]day40#bi ,also-- 8,,juliet4 ,& %rieks l m&rakes torn out ( ! e>?1 ,t liv+ mortals1 he>+ !m1 run mad10#cj allud+ to ! old tradition t ! m&rake groan$ :5 pull$ up by ! roots1 & ! p]son :o did x w\ld surely die soon4 ,! m&ragora1 to :i* wond]ful prop]ties 7 ascrib$ by ! anci5ts1 is n n[ us$ 9 m$ic9e4 #bi ,o!llo1 act iii41 sc5e iii4 #cj ,romeo & ,juliet1 act iv41 sc5e iii4 8,,lafeu4 ,g to1 sir1 y 7 beat5 9 ,italy = pick+ a k]nel out ( a pomegranate40#ca #ca ,all's ,well t ,ends ,well1 act ii41 sc5e iii4 ,! m$ic9al prop]ties ( ! pomegranate h be5 kn[n f v anci5t times1 frequ5t m5tion ( x be+ made 9 ! ,bible4 ,a decoction ( ! root is recomm5d$ by ,celsus1 ,dioscorides1 & ,pl9y = tapeworm2 & x is /ill us$ z an a/r+5t4 ,! poppy is m5tion$ by ,iago 9 ! quotation previ\sly giv51 z be+ kn[n = its n>cotic prop]ties4 8,,macbe?4 ,:at rhub>b1 s5na1 or :at purgative drug ,w\ld sc\r ^! ,engli% h5ce80#cb #cb ,macbe?1 act v41 sc5e iii4 ,rhub>b 0 kn[n to ! ,*9ese #bgjj ,b4,c41 & has be5 us$ = its purgative prop]ties f ! e>lie/ times4 ,x is said to take its "n f ! riv] ,rhu1 n[ ! ,volga1 on ^: banks x gr[s4 8,,p]dita4 ,= y !re's rosem>y & rue2 ^! keep ,seem+ & sav\r all ! w9t] long2 ,grace & remembrance be to y bo?40#cc #cc ,w9t]'s ,tale1 act iv41 sc5e iv4 ,rosem>y has be5 e/eem$ = c5turies = its refre%+ & aromatic p]fume1 due to ! ess5tial oil x conta9s1 & :i* ev5 n[ has a reputation z an application = ! hair4 ,x is m5tion$ by ,pl9y1 & has be5 cultivat$ 9 ,brita9 s9ce ! "t ( ! ,norman ,conque/4 ,on acc\nt ( its ev]gre5 leaves x 0 consid]$ an emblem ( con/ancy1 & 0 frequ5tly c>ri$ at w$d+ & fun]al c]emonies4 ,x 0 cu/om>y 9 ,france at "o "t1 to place a bun* ( rosem>y 9 ! h&s ( ! dead4 ,! old apo!c>ies _h great fai? 9 ! oil z an embrocation1 & x 0 l>gely us$ to place among clo!s z a prev5tive ( mo?s4 8,,ophelia4 ,!re's rue = y2 & "h's "s = me3 we may call x h]b grace o' ,sundays3 ,o1 y mu/ we> y\r rue ) a diff]5ce40#cd #cd ,hamlet1 act iv41 sc5e v4 ,"s curi\s traditions are atta*$ to rue1 or1 z x 0 =m]ly call$1 ! h]b ( grace1 probably on acc\nt ( its be+ (t5 worn z an amulet to w>d (f disease1 & also us$ by ! old ,romani/s 9 ! exorcisms4 ,x has ev] be5 reg>d$ z a symbol ( sorr[ or pity1 z its "n implies4 ,! ^w is probably d]iv$ f ! same root z ,ru?1 mean+ sorr[ & remorse1 :ile 8to rue0 0 to be sorry =4 ,9 anci5t times x 0 suppos$ to be useful = almo/ e disease1 its prop]ties be+ due to an ess5tial oil /ill us$ 9 ph>macy4 ,x 0 l>gely employ$ 9 affections ( ! eye & = its antiseptic prop]ties z a pres]vative to w>d (f decay4 ,! plant is n a native ( ,engl&1 b has be5 cultivat$ 9 ?is c\ntry = m ?an #hjj ye>s1 & 0 ext5sively gr[n 9 ! old h]b g>d5s4 ,euphrasie & rue 7 (t5 us$ toge!r z a curative application = ! eyes4 ,9 ,p>adise ,lo/ ,milton says3-- 8,!n purg$ ) euphrasie & rue ,! visual n]ve1 = he has mu* to see04 ,rue 0 employ$ also to take away w>ts1 ! fre%ly cut /em be+ rubb$ ov] ! excresc5ce1 & ! foll[+ c\plet repeat$3-- 8,a%5 true1 a%5 tree1 ,pray bury ^! w>ts ( me04 ,ano!r old rhyme runs3-- 8,:at sav\r is bett]1 if physicke be true ,= places infect$ ?an wormwood or rue04 8,,cl[n4 ,i mu/ h saffron to col\r ! w>d5 pies40#ce #ce ,w9t]'s ,tale1 act iv41 sc5e iii4 ,saffron 0 =m]ly mu* priz$ z a m$ic9e1 a condim5t1 & a dye4 ,x is said to h be5 introduc$ into ,engl& 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,iii41 & 0 cultivat$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,wald51 9 ,essex1 to :i* x gave its "n4 ,! quality ( ,engli% saffron 0 r5[n$ 9 ,%akspe>e's "t4 ,x 0 us$ by ! monks 9 m$ival days 9 illum9at+ _! missals1 & dye+ mat]ials1 z well z be+ e/eem$ z a febrifuge & cordial4 8,,macbe?4 ,:at rhub>b1 s5na1 or :at purgative drug ,w\ld sc\r ^! ,engli% h5ce80#cf #cf ,macbe?1 act v41 sc5e iii4 ,! well-kn[n purgative prop]ties ( s5na leaves 7 held 9 great repute by ! old apo!c>ies4 ,! drug 0 introduc$ into ,europe ab\t ! n9? or t5? c5tury by ! ,arabs1 & x soon atta9$ a reputable position 9 m$ical practice4 ,! be/ v>iety 0 orig9ally suppos$ to h be5 br\ght f ,mecca4 8,,rosal9e4 ,to we$ ?is wormwood f y\r fruitful bra940#cg #cg ,love's ,lab\r's ,lo/1 act v41 sc5e ii4 ,wormwood has always _h a high reputation z a m$ic9e1 & 0 *iefly us$ z a tonic4 ,x yields an ess5tial oil ) an extremely bitt] ta/e1 :i* is yet l>gely us$ 9 ,france 9 ! manufacture ( abs9!4 ,9 "o ( 8 ,sonnets1 ,%akespe>e alludes to ! old alembic ( ! al*emi/ 9 ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,:at potions h ,i drunk ( ,syr5 te>s1 ,di/ill'd f limbecks f\l z hell )904 ,& 9 ! foll[+ v]se he deals ) "s !ories ( m$ical treatm5t3-- 8,l z to make our appetites m ke51 ,) eag] comp\nds we our palate urge2 ,z1 to prev5t our maladies unse51 ,we sick5 to %un sickness :5 we purge3 ,ev5 s1 be+ full ( y\r ne'er-cloy+ sweetness1 ,to bitt] sauces did ,i frame my fe$+1 ,&1 sick ( welf>e1 f\nd a k9d ( meetness ,to be diseas'd1 ere t !re 0 true ne$+4 ,?us policy 9 love1 to anticipate ,! ills t 7 n1 grew to faults assur'd1 ,& br\ght to m$ic9e a heal?ful /ate ,:i*1 rank ( goodness1 w\ld by ill be cur'd4 ,b !nce ,i le>n1 & f9d ! lesson true1 ,drugs poison him t s fell sick ( y40#ch #ch ,sonnets1 v]ses #aah1 #aai4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,sp5s]4 ,edmund ,sp5s] 0 born 9 ,london t[>ds ! close ( ! ye> #aeeb1 & 9 8 aft] c>e]1 add$ lu/re to an age :i* = brilliancy 9 lit]ature has nev] be5 equall$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ?is c\ntry4 ,he liv$ = "s "t 9 ,lanca%ire 9 8 e>ly days1 b 9 #aegh quitt$ ! c\ntry = ! c\rt4 ,x 0 probably 8 fri5d ,sir ,walt] ,raleigh :o introduc$ him to c\rt-fav\r & ,que5 ,elizabe?4 ,9 #aehi he publi%$ ! ,fa]ie ,que51 a poem :i* w ev] live 9 ,engli% lit]ature4 ,!re are few allusions 9 ! works ( ,edmund ,sp5s] to m$ic9al plants1 al?\gh he frequ5tly m5tions salves & o!r me?ods ( adm9i/ration us$ 9 ! lee*craft ( 8 "t1 z in/anc$ 9 ! foll[+ quotations3-- 8,eftsoons he gan apply relief ,( salves & m$'c9es :i* has pass+ prefe04#ci #ci ,! ,fa]ie ,que51 book i41 canto x4 8,) :olesome read ( sad sobriety1 ,to rule ! /ubborn rage ( passion bl9d1 ,give salves to e sore1 b c\nsel to ! m9d40#dj #dj ,! ,fa]ie ,que51 book vi41 canto vi4 ,9 ! fir/ book ( ! ,fa]ie ,que5 ,sp5s] makes an int]e/+ allusion to trees & _! uses 9 8 "t1 9 ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,mu* gave !y praise ! trees s /raight & high3 ,! sail+ p9e2 ! c$> pr\d & tall2 ,! v9e-prop elm2 ! popl> nev] dry2 ,! build] oak1 sole k+ ( =e/s all2 ,! asp5 good = /aves2 ! cypress fun]al2 ,! laurel1 me$ ( mighty conqu]ors ,& poets sage2 ! fir t weepe? /ill2 ,! will[1 worn ( =lorn p>am\rs2 ,! yew1 ob$i5t to ! b9d]'s w2 ,! bir* = %afts2 ! sall[ = ! mill2 ,! myrrh sweet ble$+ 9 ! bitt] w\nd2 ,! w>like bee*2 ! a% = no?+ ill2 ,! fruitful olive1 & ! plantane r\nd2 ,! c>v] holm2 ! maple1 seldom inw>d s\nd04#da #da ,! ,fa]ie ,que51 book i41 canto i4 ,! sail+ p9e 0 d\btless s call$ on acc\nt ( x be+ s l>gely us$ = ! ma/s ( %ips4 ,! wood ( ! asp5 tree 0 (t5 us$ = mak+ /aves on acc\nt ( its t\ghness4 ,he alludes also to ! anci5t use ( ! cypress at fun]al rites1 & ! we>+ ( ! will[ z a badge ( ! un=tunate2 ! yew1 *iefly employ$ = mak+ ! long b[s2 ! bir*1 = ! /ronge/ arr[s2 & ! sall[1 :i* :5 plait$ =m$ ! sails ( ! w9dmills4 ,incisions are cut 9 ! b>k ( ! myrrh tree 9 ord] t ! gum %\ld exude z f an op5 w\nd4 ,bee* 0 us$ = ! %afts ( spe>s & axes1 & ! c>v] holm or cutt+ holly 0 s call$ f its prickles4 ,9 ! six? canto we h m5tion ( ! fl[]-de-luce3-- 8,! lily1 lady ( ! fl[]+ field1 ,! fl['r-de-luce h] lovely p>am\r04#db ,fl[]-de-luce 0 ! old "n = ! iris1 & is also ! ,fr5* fleur-de-lis1 & ! orig9 ( t symbol4 ,! roots ( _m ( ! iris species h long be5 us$ 9 m$ic9e = _! ca?>tic & emetic prop]ties4 ,t ( ! ,i4 flor5t9a is well kn[n = its sweet violet smell1 & f e>ly times has be5 employ$ to sweet5 ! brea? & z an +r$i5t 9 too? p[d]s4 ,ano!r old "n = ?is plant 0 8,! fl[] ( delights04 #db ,! ,fa]ie ,que51 book ii41 canto vi4 ,9 ! sev5? canto ! poet %[s he 0 well acqua9t$ ) "s m$ic9al plants1 & gives u q a gr\p ( 8h]bs ( ill fav\r04 8,!re m\rnful cypress grew 9 greate/ /ore2 ,& trees ( bitt] gall2 & ebon sad2 ,dead sleep+ poppy1 & black hellebore2 ,cold coloqu9tida1 & tetra mad2 ,mortal samnitis2 & cicuta bad1 ,) :i* ?' unju/ ,a!nians made to die ,wise ,socrates1 :o1 !re( quaff+ glad1 ,p\r'd out 8 life & la/ philosophy ,to ! fair ,critias1 8 de>e/ belamy60#dc ,"h we h m5tion ( ! n>cotic poppy & ! black hellebore1 a dra/ic purgative ) :i* tradition /ates ,melampus1 ! great soo?say] & physician1 cur$ ! daught]s ( ,prtus1 ,k+ ( ,argos1 ( madness4 ,also ! colocyn? or bitt] apple2 tetra mad1 an old "n = ! belladonna or deadly night%ade2 sav91 "h call$ mortal samnitis1 a plant possess+ p[]ful prop]ties1 us$ 9 m$ic9e f ! "t ( ! ,romans2 & ! cicuta or hemlock1 :i* =m$ ! active +r$i5t 9 ! poison cup ( ! ,greeks4 #dc ,! ,fa]ie ,que51 book ii41 canto vii4 ,9 ! ,%eph]d's ,cal5d> we h ano!r allusion to ! black hellebore3-- 8,"h gr[s melampode ev'ry:]e1 ,& t]eb9?1 good = goats2 ,! "o my madd+ kids to sme>1 ,! next to heal _! ?roats04#dd ,! anci5t "n = hellebore 0 melampus root1 h5ce ! "n melampode1 :i* d\btless arose f ! old tradition4 ,by t]eb9? ! poet probably means "o ( ! species ( p9e f :i* turp5t9e is obta9$4 #dd ,%eph]d's ,cal5d>--,july4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,goe!4 ,! ,fau/-leg5d ar\nd :i* ,goe! wove 8 great trag$y1 0 "o ( ^? float+ traditions :i* 7 common 9 ! romantic lore ( _m c\ntries dur+ ! fifte5? & sixte5? c5turies1 & :i* seem to h orig9at$ 9 ! g5]al belief 9 occult =ces4 ,! ,johann ,fau/ ( ! popul> /ories 0 und\bt$ly an individual ( t "n1 born t[>ds ! close ( ! fifte5? c5tury 9 ! little t[n ( ,knittl+51 ne> ,maulbronn1 9 ,wrtemb]g4 ,8 p>5ts 7 poor1 b he 0 enabl$ by ! beque/ ( a ri* uncle to /udy m$ic9e4 ,he att5d$ ! ,univ]sity ( ,crac[ 7:]e he probably receiv$ 8 doctor's degree71 /udi$ magic :i* 0 !re taught z an accept$ bran* ( k1 & appe>s to h aft]w>ds travell$ = _m ye>s ?r\gh ,europe4 ,manlius1 ! disciple ( ,melanc?on1 quotes ! latt] z hav+ said3 8,?is fell[ ,fau/ escap$ f our t[n ( ,witt5b]g1 aft] our ,duke ,john _h giv5 ! ord] to h him imprison$4 ,he also escap$ f ,nuremb]g "u ! l circum/ances4 ,?is sorc]] ,fau/1 an abom9able bea/1 a common sew] ( _m devils1 boa/$ t he1 by 8 magic arts _h enabl$ ! ,imp]ial armies to w9 _! victories 9 ,italy40 ,x 0 probably ! fam\s battle ( ,pavia f\ght 9 #aebe ( :i* ,fau/ spoke1 z ! "t ( 8 visit to ,witt5b]g appe>s to h be5 ab\t ! ye> #aecj4 ,fur!r evid5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( su* a "* is to be f\nd 9 ! ,index ,sanitatis ( ! physician1 ,philip ,beg>di1 publi%$ at ,worms 9 #aeci1 & 9 ! ,s]mones ,conviviales ( ,johann ,ga/1 :o gives an acc\nt ( a d9n] giv5 by ,fau/ at ,basle at :i* he 0 pres5t4 ,! orig9al =m ( ! leg5d is conta9$ 9 a "w publi%$ by ,spiess 9 ,frankfurt 9 #aehg1 entitl$ ! ,hi/ory ( ,dr4 ,joh4 ,fau/1 ! ,notori\s ,sorc]] & ,black-arti/1 etc41 etc4 ,?is book 0 fir/ translat$ into ,engli% 9 #aeij1 & f x ,m>l[e d\btless obta9$ ! mat]ial = 8 trag$y ( 8,dr4 ,fau/us10 :i* appe>s to h be5 fir/ p]=m$ 9 ,london 9 #aeic1 ! ye> ( 8 dea?4 ,9 ! fir/ act ( ,goe!'s trag$y we are introduc$ to ,fau/1 :o is sitt+ 9 8 l(ty-ar*$ ,go?ic *amb] or laboratory1 8 desk pil$ high ) ! works ( not$ writ]s on magic & a/rology4 8,& ?is "o ,book ( ,my/]y ,f ,no/radamus' v h&1 ,is't n suffici5t company80 ,no/radamus1 ! fam\s a/rolog]1 0 born at ,/4 ,remy1 9 ,prov5ce1 9 ! ye> #aejc4 ,8 real "n 0 ,mi*el de ,notre ,dame4 ,= "s "t he practis$ z a physician1 b f9ally devot$ himself to a/rology1 & publi%$ 9 #aeee a collection ( prophecies 9 rhym$ quatra9s1 entitl$ ,les ,prophecies de ,mi*el ,no/radamus1 :i* creat$ an imm$iate s5sation1 & f\nd _m believ]s1 especially z ! dea? ( ,h5ry ,,ii4 ( ,france seem$ to v]ify "o ( 8 my/ical pr$ictions4 ,he 0 appo9t$ physician to ,*>les ,,ix41 & cont9u$ ! publication ( 8 prophecies1 ass]t+1 h[ev]1 t ! /udy ( ! planet>y aspects 0 n alone suffici5t1 b t ! gift ( second sight1 :i* ,god grants only to a few *os5 p]sons1 is also necess>y4 ,he di$ 9 ! ye> #aeff4 ,9 ! foll[+ l9es allusion is made to two popul> =ms ( div9ation4 8,,citiz5',s ,,daught]4 ,come1 ,aga?a6 ,i %un ! wit*'s sight ,be=e folks1 le/ !re be misgiv+6 ',tis true1 %e %[$ me1 on ,sa9t ,&rew's ,night1 ,my future swee!>t1 j z he 7 liv+4 8,,! ,,o!r4 ,%e %[$ me m9e1 9 cry/al cle>1 ,) sev]al wild "y blades1 a soldi]-lov]04 ,/4 ,&rew's ,night is celebrat$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many by =ms ( div9ation v simil> to ^? :i* are practis$ 9 ,scotl& on ,hall[ ,e'en4 ,! maid5s believe t by call+ ^u ,/4 ,&rew1 undress$1 be=e gett+ into b$1 _! future swee!>t w appe> to !m 9 a dream4 ,ano!r *>m is practis$ by p\r+ melt$ lead ?r\gh ! w>ds ( a key1 :]e9 !re is ! =m ( a cross1 into a bas9 ( wat] br\ght betwe5 elev5 o'clock & midnight3 ! cool+ lead w !n take ! =m ( tools :i* indicate ! trade ( ! de/9$ lov]4 ,cry/al gaz+1 :i* we h describ$ 9 a previ\s *apt]1 0 also a common me?od ( =etell+ future ev5ts1 & "y maid5s 7 suppos$ to be specially successful 9 its practise4 ,fau/'s description ( ! prep>ation ( a panacea is a good illu/ration ( ! fanta/ic language employ$ by ! al*emi/s3-- 8,:o1 9 8 dusky "w-%op b5d+1 ,) prov$ adepts 9 company1 ,made1 f 8 recipes un5d+1 ,oppos+ sub/ances agree4 ,!re 0 a ,lion r$1 a woo] d>+1 ,)9 ! ,lily's tepid ba? esp\s$1 ,& bo?1 torm5t$ !n by flame unsp>+1 ,by turns 9 ei!r bridal *amb] h\s$4 ,if !n appe>$1 ) col\rs spl5did1 ,! "y ,que5 9 h] cry/al %ell1 ,?is 0 ! m$ic9e--! pati5t's woes soon end$1 ,& none dem&$--:o got well80 ,goe! is said to h drawn ?is description p>tly f ,p>acelsus1 & p>tly f ,well+'s ,opus ,mago ,cabbali/icum4 ,! 8,lion r$0 is c9nab>1 call$ a 8woo] d>+0 on acc\nt ( its action 9 ru%+ to an intimate union ) o!r bodies4 8,! ,lily0 is a prep>ation ( antimony1 :i* bore ! "n ( ,lilium ,p>acelsi4 ,r$1 moreov]1 is ! mascul9e1 & :ite ! fem99e col\r4 ,! retort conta9+ ^! sub/ances 0 fir/ plac$ 9 a 8tepid ba?0 & gradually heat$1 !n 8torm5t$ by flame unsp>+10 ! two 7 driv5 f "o 8bridal *amb]0 to ano!r1 t is1 _! w$d$ fumes 7 =c$ by ! heat into an alembic4 ,if !n ! 8,"y ,que510 ! sublimat$ comp\nd1 appe>$ ) a brilliant col\r 9 ! alembic ! prop] result 0 obta9$ & ?is signifi$ ! true m$ic9e4 ,9 sc5e iii4 ,mephi/opheles says3-- 8,my /eps by "o slight ob/acle controll$1-- ,! wiz>d's foot1 t on y\r ?re%old is04 ,! wiz>d's foot or p5tagram1 0 suppos$ to possess an especial pot5cy aga9/ evil spirits1 & 0 (t5 *alk$ on ! door-/eps to protect ! h\sehold f _! influ5ce4 ,x consi/$ ( a five-ray$ />1 ?us3-- ,illu/ration ,! belief 9 its efficacy d\btless sprang f ! circum/ance t x resolves itself into ?ree triangles1 & ?us a triple symbol ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,p>acelsus ascribes a simil>1 ?\gh a less] degree ( virtue to ! hexagram4 ,ano!r peculi>ity ( ! p5tagram is1 t x may be drawn complete f "o po9t1 )\t lift+ ! p51 & !re=e belongs to ^? involunt>y hi]oglyphics :i* we sometimes make 9 mom5ts ( ab/raction4 ,9 sc5e xiii4 :]e ,m>g>et plucks a />-fl[]1 & pulls (f ! leaves "o aft] ! o!r1 murmur+-- 8,he loves me--loves me n0 we h an illu/ration ( a fav\rite mode ( amor\s div9ation by means ( fl[]s /ill practis$ by c\ntry maid5s4 ,! cu/om is ( great antiquity & is m5tion$ by ,!ocritus4 ,! s+le daisy is a fav\rite fl[] = ! purpose4 ,! foll[+ allusion to ! r$ m\se ref]s to an anci5t sup]/ition conc]n+ "o ( ! _m =ms ( diabolical possession4 ,! 8evil "o0 0 suppos$ to ent] ! body 9 ! =m ( a r$ m\se4 8,,mephi/opheles4 ,:]e=e =sake/ ?\ ! lovely maid51 ,t 9 ! dance s sweetly sang8 8,,fau/4 ,ah6 9 ! mid/ ( x !re sprang ,a r$ m\se f h] m\?--suffici5t reason40 ,9 ! second "p ( ! "w we are introduc$ to an a/rolog] :o1 prompt$ by ,mephi/opheles1 deliv]s himself z foll[s3-- 8,! ,sun himself is gold ( pure/ ray2 ,! h]ald1 ,m]cury1 s]ves = love & pay2 ,dame ,v5us has bewit*$ y all1 = %e1 ,e>ly & late1 looks on y lov+ly2 ,*a/e ,luna has h] :ims1 no two alike2 ,m>s ?reat5s y1 al?\gh he may n /rike1 ,& ,jupit] is /ill ! spl5did />4 ,saturn is great1 ?\gh seem+ small & f>2 ,z metal1 him we don't mu* v5]ate1 ,( value slight1 ?\gh heavy 9 8 weight4 ,n[1 :5 ( ,sol & ,luna unions _h1-- ,silv] ) gold1--!n is ! _w made glad3 ,all else1 ) !m1 is easy to atta91-- ,palaces1 g>d5s1 *eeks ( rosy /a92 ,& ?us procures ?is highly le>n$ man1 ,:o t c d :i* none ( u e'er c40 ,! a/rolog] "h alludes to ! sev5 pr9cipal metals1 to :i* ! e>ly al*emi/s atta*$ ! names ( sev5 planets4 ,! ,sun 0 gold1 ! ,moon silv]1 ,m]cury quicksilv]1 ,v5us copp]1 ,m>s iron1 ,jupit] t91 & ,saturn lead4 ,9 ! same act1 ref]5ce is made to an old tradition t is /ill believ$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,g]many4 8,lo6 at h& !re ,is anci5t juice ( /r5g? div9e4 ,yet tru/ to him :o's k gott51 ,! wood o' ! /aves has long be5 rott51 ,a cask ( t>t> holds ! w9e40 ,x is a g5]al belief 9 ! w9e di/ricts1 t :5 a cask ( w9e has be5 kept = c5turies1 ! cru/ ( argol or crude cream ( t>t> :i* is gradually deposit$1 may acquire su* a consi/5cy z to hold ! liquid :5 ! /aves h rott$ away4 ,! w9e ?us becomes its own cask1 & pres]ves itself 9 a ?ick oily /ate4 ,x is !n said to possess wond]ful m$ic9al virtues4 ,lat] on ,mephi/opheles is ask$ by a blonde beauty = a cure = h] complexion4 8,"o ^w1 sir6 ,"h y see a visage fair1-- ,9 sorry summ] ,i ano!r we>6 ,!re spr\t a hundr$ br[n & r$di% freckles1 ,& vex my lily sk9 ) ugly speckles4 ,a cure6 8,,mephi/opheles4 ',tis pity6 %9+ fair1 yet smitt51-- ,spott$1 :5 ,may comes1 l a pan!r-kitt56 ,take frog's spawn1 tongues ( toads1 :i* contribute1 ,"u ! full moon deftly di/illate1 ,& :5 x wanes1 apply ! mixture3 ,next spr+1 ! spots w be no m a fixture4 8,a ,,brunette4 ,to sponge ^u y1 :at a cr[d's advanc+6 ,i beg a rem$y3 a froz5 foot ,annoys me mu*1 9 walk+ z 9 danc+2 ,& awkw>dly ,i manage to salute4 8,,mephi/opheles4 ,a g5tle kick p]mit1 !n1 f my foot6 8,,! ,,brunette4 ,well1--t might happ5 :5 ! two are lov]s4 8,,mephi/opheles4 ,my kick a m important mean+ cov]s2 ,similia similibus1 :5 "o is sick1 ,! foot cures foot1 ea* limb its hurt c palliate2 ,come ne>6 ,take he$6 & pray y don't retaliate60 ,frog's spawn & toad's tongues =m$ an old rem$y = spots on ! sk91 & 9 ! 8g5tle kick0 we h a satire on ! homopa?ic !ory ( m$ic9e4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,le ,,sage4 ,le ,sage draws a vivid picture ( ! m$ical practition] ( 8 day 9 8 well-kn[n "w ,gil ,blas4 ,doctor ,sangrado1 bigot$1 ob/9ate1 & dom9at$ by "o idea1 0 d\btless v true to nature1 & a type ( physician n unfrequ5tly met ) ev5 lat] ?an ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! "* is suppos$ to h be5 drawn f t ( ,doctor ,hecquet1 ,dean ( ! ,faculty ( ,m$ic9e at ,p>is1 a man extremely ?9 & sp>e 9 body1 & :o is said nev] to h drank any?+ b wat]4 ,le ,sage describes 8 physician z 8a tall1 meagre1 pale man1 :o _h kept ! %e>s ( ,clo?o employ$ dur+ =ty ye>s4 ,he _h a v solemn appe>ance1 weigh$ 8 disc\rse1 & gave an emphasis to 8 expressions3 8 reason 0 geometrical1 & 8 op9ions extremely s+ul>40 ,all ! city look$ ^u him z ano!r ,hippocrates4 ,! lic5tiate ,s$illo1 a fat cl]ical epicurean1 hav+ fall5 sick ) ! fev] & g\t1 ?is great physician 0 call$ 91 & aft] exam9+ 8 pati5t deliv]$ himself ( ! foll[+ diagnosis3 8,! bus9ess "h is to supply ! defect ( ob/ruct$ p]spiration2 o!rs 9 my place w\ld d\btless prescribe sal9e draughts1 diuretics1 diaphoretics1 & su* m$ic9es z ab\nd ) m]cury & sulphur2 b ca?>tics & sudorifics are p]nici\s drugs inv5t$ by quacks1 & all ! prep>ations ( *emi/ry are only calculat$ to d mis*ief10 said ?is disciple ( sculapius4 8,y mu/ r5\nce all palatable food2 & d y dr9k w9e80 8,yes10 said ! poor canon2 8w9e & wat]40 8,oh6 wat]$ z mu* z y please10 repli$ ! physician3 8:at an irregul>ity is "h6 :at a frightful regim56 ,y ought to h be5 dead long ago4 ,if y _h drunk no?+ b pure wat] all y\r life1 & _h be5 satisfi$ ) simple n\ri%m5t1 su* z1 = example1 boil$ apples1 peas1 & beans1 y w\ld n n[ be torm5t$ ) g\t1 & all y\r limbs w\ld p]=m _! functions ) ease40 ,! poor canon promis$ to obey 9 all ^! ?+s1 b ! doctor hadn't f9i%$ yet1 = he s5t = a surgeon1 & ord]$ him to let 8six good porr+]s ( blood z ! fir/ ef=t0 to supply ! want ( p]spiration4 8,& return 9 ?ree h\rs1 & take z mu* m1 & repeat ! same to-morr[10 said ?is v]itable lee* to ! surgeon1 8= a pati5t _c be bl$ too mu*40 ,besides ?is1 ! un=tunate pati5t 0 dos$ incessantly ) w>m wat]1 two or ?ree p9ts 9 z _m draughts1 8=10 said ! physician1 8wat] is ! true specific 9 all di/emp]s :at-ev]04 ,little wond] t 9 less ?an two days1 ,gil ,blas tells u1 ! old canon 0 r$uc$ to ! la/ extremity1 & soon aft] brea!d 8 la/1 mu* to ! regret ( ! physician1 :o decl>$ x 0 because he _h n lo/ blood en\gh1 nor drank a suffici5t quantity ( wat]4 ,! m]curial ,gil ,blas %ortly aft] took s]vice ) ?is le>n$ m$ico1 & kept 8 books1 :i* he decl>es might h be5 ) great ju/ice /yl$ a regi/] ( ! dead2 = almo/ all ! p ^: names x conta9$ di$ soon aft]w>ds4 ,b aft] be+ ab\t a week ) ! physician1 ,gil ,blas 0 seiz$ ) a cramp :i* he attribut$ to ! quantity ( ! 8univ]sal dissolv5t0 he 0 compell$ to imbibe1 & _h to consult 8 ma/]4 8,:y1 truly1 ,gil ,blas1 ,i am n at all surpris$ t ?\ do/ n enjoy good heal?10 said ! hydropa?i/4 8,?\ do/ n dr9k en\gh1 my fri5d4 ,wat] tak5 9 small quantities s]ves only to dis5tangle ! p>ticles ( ! bile1 & give !m m activity1 :]eas !y %\ld be dr[n$ 9 a copi\s dilution4 ,i w w>rant ! consequ5ce1 & if ?\ wilt n take my ^w1 ,celsus himself %all be ?y security40 ,x ne$ h>dly be wond]$ at t ,gil ,blas soon came to believe t he also _h a natural tal5t = ! m$ical pr(ession1 :i* 0 s easy to acquire & lucrative to practise1 & 0 rapidly promot$ z assi/ant to 8 ma/]4 8,li/51 my *ild10 said ! doctor "o day1 8,i w imm$iately disclose to !e ! :ole ext5t ( t salut>y art :i* ,i h pr(ess$ s _m ye>s4 ,"k1 my fri5d1 all t is requir$ is to ble$ ?y pati5ts & make !m dr9k w>m wat]4 ,?is is ! secret ( cur+ all ! di/emp]s incid5t to man4 ,i h no?+ m to imp>t2 ?\ kn[e/ physic to ! v bottom40 ,?us ! ci-devant valet soon rob$ himself 9 a physician's g[n & long p]ruque1 !n w5t =? to practise1 b resolv$ to dr9k w9e e day1 ( :i* he said he drank huge draughts1 & 7no disp>agem5t to ! ,roman oracle7 8! m ,i fill$ my /oma*1 ! less did t organ compla9 ( ! injury x receiv$04 ,s he bl$ & wat]$ ! community4 ,b ! "t soon came :5 ?is "y practition] met ) a rev]se4 ,:5 call$ 9 to consultation ) a ,spani% doctor ( ano!r s*ool1 a dispute arose on ! subject ( ! wat]-cure1 :i* end$ 9 a pit*$ battle be+ f\ght betwe5 ! rival m$icos ov] ! un=tunate pati5t1 & !y 7 n sep>at$ until ea* _h lo/ a h&ful ( hair4 ,?is end$ 9 ! dis*>ge ( ,gil ,blas1 :o imm$iately took ! opportunity ( imbib+ a consid]able quantity ( w9e at ! fir/ tav]n he came across1 & return$ to 8 patron 9 a condition ( consid]able elevation4 ,! w9e hav+ made him ?ir/y1 he consum$ a l>ge quantity ( wat] :ile tell+ 8 /ory4 8,i see1 ,gil ,blas1 ?\ ha/ no long] an av]sion to wat]10 said ! physician4 8,heav5 be prais$6 ?\ dr9ke/ x n[ l nect>6 a *ange t does n at all surprise me1 my fri5d40 8,sir10 repli$ ,gil ,blas1 8!re's a "t = all ?+s2 ,i w\ld n at pres5t give a p9t ( wat] = a hog%ead ( w9e40 ,t ,le ,sage _h a v poor op9ion ( ! pr(essors ( ! art ( m$ic9e 9 8 "t may be ga!r$ f ! foll[+ conv]sation :i* ,gil ,blas holds ) 8 employ]3 8,sc>cely a day pass$ 9 :i* we did n visit eight or t5 pati5ts ea*1 f :5ce x may be easily conceiv$ :at a quantity ( blood 0 spilt & wat] drank4 ,b ,i d n "k h[ x happ5$1 all our sick di$4 ,we v seldom _h occasion to make ?ree visits to "o pati5t2 at ! second we 7 ei!r told t he _h j be5 buri$1 or we f\nd !m at ! la/ gasp2 & z ,i 0 b a "y physician :o _h n yet _h "t to be inur$ to murd]1 ,i began to be v uneasy at ! fatal ev5ts :i* might be laid to my *>ge40 ,& s he at la/ gave x up1 aft] be+ ?reat5$ ) 8 life by a gallant1 ^: wife _h succumb$ to 8 dra/ic treatm5t4 ,t[>ds ! close ( ! /ory ,gil ,blas has an int]view ) 8 =m] ma/]1 :o describes to 8 old pupil ! *ange t _h tak5 place 9 ! practice ( m$ic9e 9 a few ye>s1 :i* =ms an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! transition ?r\gh :i* ! m$ical art 0 pass+ t[>ds ! end ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 8,ah1 my son10 says ! wor?y doctor1 8:at a *ange has happ5$ 9 physic )9 ^! few ye>s4 ,!re are 9 ?is city1 physicians1 or su* z call !mselves s1 :o are yok$ to ! triumphal c> ( antimony--currus triumphalis antimonii4 ,truants f ! s*ool ( ,p>acelsus1 ador]s ( k]mes1 accid5tal cur]s :o make ! :ole sci5ce ( m$ic9e consi/ 9 kn[+ h[ to prep>e *ymical drugs4 ,:at %all ,i tell y6 ,ev]y?+ is turn$ topsy-turvey 9 _! me?od4 ,ble$+ at ! foot1 = example1 hi!rto s seldom practis$1 is n[ almo/ ! only ble$+ 9 use4 ,^? purgatives :i* 7 =m]ly g5tle & b5ign are n[ *ang$ = emetics & k]mes4 8,i publi%$ a book aga9/ ?is brig&age ( m$ic9e1 b x 0 no use4 ,! surgeons1 mad ) ambition ( act+ z physicians1 ?9k !mselves suffici5tly qualifi$ :5 !re is no?+ to be done b to give k]mes & emetics1 to :i* !y add ble$+ at ! foot1 accord+ to _! own fancy4 ,!y ev5 proce$ s f> z to mix k]mes 9 apozems & cordial potions2 & s !y are on a p> ) y\r celebrat$ prescrib]s4 ,?is contagion has spread also among ! cloi/]s4 ,!re are "s monks :o act bo? z apo!c>ies & surgeons4 ,^! apes ( m$ic9e apply !mselves to *emi/ry1 & compose p]nici\s drugs1 ) :i* !y abridge ! lives ( ! rev]5d fa!rs40 ,! doctor describes ! dawn ( ph>macy 9 ,france & ,spa91 :i* 0 fir/ practis$ by ! surgeons :o became surgeon-apo!c>ies4 ,! use ( emetics 9 m$ical treatm5t came l>gely into vogue 9 #afeh4 ,x is said t ! life ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 0 sav$ by an emetic adm9i/]$ by ,dusausoi1 9 opposition to ! op9ion ( ,vallot1 ! *ief physician to ! k+4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,b5 ,,jonson4 ,b5 ,jonson gives a description ( ! it9]ant doctor 9 ,que5 ,elizabe?'s "t1 :o travell$ ! c\ntry1 usually accompani$ by a je/] or zany1 z he 0 call$1 :o c>ri$ ! box or *e/ conta9+ 8 rem$ies4 ,we see ! pr(essor ) 8 copp] r+s1 %9+ *a91 bett] ?an gold b n q s valuable1 8 yell[ jewel1 8 dirty fea!r-embroid]$ suit1 grave look1 & />*$ be>d4#de ,hu%6 he beg9s3-- #de ,b5 ,jonson's ,fox1 act ii41 sc5e i4 8,mo/ noble g5tlem5 & my wor?y patrons6--,i h no?+ to sell1 little or no?+ to sell1 ?\gh ,i prote/1 ,i & my six s]vants are n able to make ( my preci\s balsam s fa/ z x is fet*$ away f my lodg+ by ! wor?y m5 ( ! t[n4 ,o heal?6 heal?6 ! bless+ ( ! ri*1 ! ri*es ( ! poor1 :o c buy !e at too de> a rate8 ,& s9ce !re is no enjoy+ ! _w )\t !e1 = :5 a humid flux or cat>rh1 by ! mutability ( air1 falls f y\r head into an arm or %\ld]1 take y a rose noble or an angel ( gold & apply to ! place affect$2 see :at good effect x c "w4 ,no1 no2 to ?is bless$ ungu5t1 ?is r>e extraction1 t ha? only p[] to dispose all malignant hum\rs t proce$ ei!r ( hot1 cold1 moi/1 or w9dy causes2 to =tify ! mo/ indige/ & crude /oma*--aye1 7 x "o t ?r\gh extreme weakness vomit$ blood1 apply+ only a w>m napk9 to ! place aft] ! unction & fricace2 = ! v]tigoe 9 ! head1 putt+ out a drop into y\r no/rils1 likewise beh9d ! e>s1 a mo/ sov]eign & approv$ rem$y2 ! mal caduco1 cramps1 convulsions1 p>alysies1 epilepsies1 tremor cordia1 ret9d n]ves1 ill vap\rs ( ! sple51 & /opp+s ( ! liv]1 or /ops a dys5t]y1 imm$iately cure? poison ( ! small guts1 & cures melan*olia1 be+ tak5 & appli$ accord+ to my pr9t$ recipe 7%[s 8 bill & vial1 & ! zany s+s a song74 ,x w co/ y eight cr[ns1 & has cur$ all ! k+s 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,_m h attempt$ to make ?is oil1 wa/+ ?\s&s ( cr[ns 9 ! +r$i5ts 7= !re g to x sixty sev]al simples1 besides "s quantity ( human fat = conglut9ation1 :i* we buy ( ! anatomi/s72 b :5 ^! practition]s come to ! la/ decoction1 bl[1 bl[6 puff1 puff6 x flies 9 fumes1 poor wret*es4 8,g5tlem51 hon\rable g5tlem51 ,i w und]take by virtue ( *emical art1 out ( ! hon\rable hat t cov]s y\r head1 to extract ! f\r elem5ts--t is to say1 ! fire1 air1 wat]1 & e>?1 & return y y\r felt )\t burn or /a94 ,y all "k1 hon\rable g5tlem51 ,i nev] valu$ ?is ampulla or vial at less ?an eight cr[ns1 b = ?is "t ,i am cont5t to be depriv$ ( x = six2 six cr[ns1 !n1 is ! price 9 c\rtesy4 ,i "k y _c (f] me less2 take x or leave x1 h[soev]1 bo? x & ,i are at y\r s]vice 7zany s+s ano!r song74 8,well1 ,i am 9 a hum\r at ?is "t to make a pres5t ( ! small quantity my c(f] conta9s to ! ri* 9 c\rtesy1 & to ! poor = ,god's sake2 :]e=e n[ m>k1 ,i ask$ y six cr[ns1 & six cr[ns at o!r times y h paid me3 y %all n give me six cr[ns1 nor five1 nor f\r1 nor ?ree1 nor two1 nor "o1 nor half a "o1 nor a %ill+2 sixp5ce x w co/ y or #fj4 ,expect no l[] price1 = ,i w n bate a jot2 & ?is ,i take away z a pl$ge ( y\r love1 to c>ry some?+ f among/ y to %[ ,i am n condemn$40 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,sir ,,walt] ,,scott4 ,t picturesque p]iod :5 ! a/rolog] =m$ "p ( ! ent\rage ( almo/ e ,european c\rt1 & 0 pett$ by emp]ors & k+s1 is graphically describ$ by ,sir ,walt] ,scott 9 ,qu5t9 ,durw>d 9 ! foll[+ words3-- 8,l\is ,,xi4 ( ,france _h retir$ to ! ca/le ( ,plessis1 :]e he receiv$ an ambassador f ! ,duke ( ,burgundy1 ) :om 8 relations 7 some:at /ra9$4 ,atta*$ to ! c\rt ( ! k+1 we are told1 & lodg$ 9 magnific5t ap>tm5ts1 0 ! celebrat$ a/rolog]1 poet1 & philosoph]1 ,galeotti ,m>tius1 au?or ( ! fam\s treatise ,de ,vulgo ,incognitis4 ,he _h long fl\ri%$ at ! c\rt ( ! ,k+ ( ,hung>y1 f :om1 x is said1 he 0 9 "s measure decoy$ by ,l\is1 :o grudg$ ! ,hung>ian mon>* ! c\nsels ( a sage acc\nt$ s skilful 9 read+ ! decrees ( ,heav54 ,m>tius 0 none ( ^? ascetic1 )]$1 pale pr(essors ( my/ic le>n+ ( ^? days1 :o ble>$ _! eyes ov] ! midnight furnace1 & mac]at$ _! bodies by outmat*+ ! pol> be>4 ,he 0 tra9$ 9 arms1 & r5[n$ z a wre/l]4 ,8 ap>tm5t 0 spl5didly furni%$1 & on a l>ge oak5 table lay a v>iety ( ma!matical & a/rological in/rum5ts1 all ( ! mo/ ri* mat]ials & curi\s workman%ip4 ,8 a/rolabe ( silv] 0 ! gift ( ! ,emp]or ( ,g]many1 & 8 ,jacob's /aff ( ebony1 jo9t$ ) gold1 0 a m>k ( e/eem f ! reign+ ,pope4 ,9 p]son ! a/rolog] 0 a tall1 bulky1 yet /ately man4 ,8 features1 ?\gh r ov]gr[n1 7 dignifi$ & noble1 & a ,santon might h envi$ ! d>k & d[nw>d sweep ( 8 long desc5d+ be>d4 ,8 dress 0 a *amb] robe ( ! ri*e/ ,g5oa velvet1 ) ample sleeves clasp$ ) frogs ( gold1 & l9$ ) sables4 ,x 0 fa/5$ r\nd 8 middle by a broad belt ( virg9 p>*m5t1 r\nd :i* 7 repres5t$ 9 crimson *>act]s ! signs ( ! zodiac4 8,su* 0 ! a/rolog] ( ,l\is ,,xi41 :o 0 consult$ 9 matt]s ( /ate policy & intrigue1 & ex]cis$ a consid]able influ5ce ov] t weak mon>*4 8,! co/ly nature ( su* a c\rti] is well illu/rat$ 9 an int]view :i* ! k+ has ) 8 a/rolog]1 & leaves on 8 table a purse ( gold z a rew>d = "s special s]vice4 ,b ! cont5ts did n by any means satisfy ! man ( sci5ce4 8,he empti$ ! purse1 :i* conta9$ nei!r m nor less ?an t5 gold pieces4 8,! indignation ( ! a/rolog] 0 extreme4 8#8,?9ks he t = su* paltry rate ( hire ,i w practice t cele/ial sci5ce :i* ,i h /udi$ ) ! ,arm5ian ,abbot ( ,i/rah(f1 :o _h n se5 ! sun = =ty ye>s2 ) ! ,greek ,dubravius1 :o is said to h rais$ ! dead2 & h ev5 visit$ ! ,s*eik ,ebn ,hali 9 8 cave 9 ! des]t ( ,!bais8 ,no1 by ,heav56 ,he t contemns art %all p]i% ?r\gh 8 ignorance4 ,t5 pieces6--a pittance :i* ,i am half-a%am$ to (f] to ,to9ette to buy h] new brea/ laces4'0 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,dumas4 ,ph>macy1 pure & simple1 occupies b a small space 9 lit]ature1 al?\gh ! disciples ( ! si/] arts ( m$ic9e & al*emy h (t5 =m$ int]e/+ /udies = _m great writ]s ( fiction4 ,un=tunately ! sci5tific k ( ! av]age noveli/ is1 z a rule1 extremely limit$1 & ! effects !y attribute to c]ta9 drugs are usually z fabul\s z ^? believ$ 9 ! d>k ages4 ,!y tell u ( my/]i\s poisons ( untold p[]1 an inf9itesimal quantity ( :i* w cause in/antane\s dea? )\t leav+ a trace beh9d4 ,!y also describe an/hetics s p[]ful t a :iff f a bottle or ! wave ( a h&k]*ief w at once produce ins5sibility = any p]iod desir$4 ,9 fact ! writ] ( romance has a ph>macopia ( 8 own4 ,b :y %\ld we cavil at x or try to analyse x 9 ! prosaic te/-tube ( mod]n sci5ce4 ,exclude ! m>vell\s & my/]i\s1 & y kill romance4 ,x p]=ms its mission if x succe$s 9 int]e/+ & amus+ u1 s we %\ld be l5i5t if x errs 9 m]e matt]s ( sci5ce4 ,! art ( ! romanc] rea*es its height :5 x succe$s 9 mix+ ! possible ) ! impossible s t we c sc>ce p]ceive x4 ,!re are few *>act]s 9 ! realm ( romantic fiction m fasc9at+ ?an ! ,c\nt ,monte ,*ri/o4 ,z a "w ( imag9ative p[] & absorb+ int]e/1 ?is ma/]piece ( ,dumas /&s unique4 ,no?+ is impossible to ?is extraord9>y individual1 & incid5t aft] incid5t ( ! mo/ dramatic & excit+ nature cr[d "o ^u ano!r4 ,! c\nt1 :o is suppos$ to h /udi$ ! art ( m$ic9e 9 ! ,ea/1 has always a rem$y ready = e ill2 f 8 ha%is1 9 :i* he is a pr(\nd believ]1 to 8 my/]i\s /imulat+ elixir1 a liquid1 we are told1 ( ! col\r ( blood1 :i* he always kept 9 a phial compos$ ( ,bohemian glass4 ,a s+le drop ( ?is vital fluid1 if all[$ to fall on ! lips1 almo/ be=e x rea*es !m1 re/ores ! m>ble & inanimate =m to life4 ,8 pill-boxes 7 compos$ ( em]alds & preci\s /ones ( huge size1 & _! cont5ts 7 compos$ ( drugs ^: effect 0 almo/ beyond compreh5sion4 ,9 ! ,memoirs ( a ,physician1 ,dumas describes an al*emi/ ( ! la/ c5tury1 a "t :5 ! seek]s aft] ! philosoph]'s /one & ! elixir vit _h almo/ di$ out4 ,joseph ,balsamo1 ! h]o ( ! /ory1 drawn f ! life ( ! notori\s ,caglio/ro1 is a necromanc] ( ! mod]n k9d1 :o works 8 m>vels by :at is n[ kn[n z hypnotism or mesm]ism1 a condition little und]/ood 9 ^? days4 ,al?otas1 an al*emi/ ( r5[n1 lives ) ,balsamo1 & aids him 9 8 rese>*es4 ,he is describ$ z 8an old man ( ov] a hundr$ ye>s1 ) grey eyes1 hook$ nose1 & trembl+ bony h&s1 & he sits half-buri$ 9 8 *air4 ,clad 9 a long silk robe1 n[ no?+ b a %apeless1 col\rless ragg$ cov]+1 he grumbl$ z he drew ov] 8 e>s 8 cap ( velvet1 f "u :i* a few locks ( silv] hair peep$ out4 8,! dwell+ ( ! al*emi/10 says ! noveli/1 8might be ab\t eight or n9e feet high & sixte5 9 diamet]2 x 0 light$ f ! top l a well1 & h]metically clos$ on ! f\r sides40 8,besides ! phials1 boxes1 books1 & pap]s /rew$ ar\nd1 copp] p9c]s 7 se51 & pieces ( *>coal :i* _h be5 dipp$ 9 v>i\s liquids2 !re 0 also a l>ge vase half full ( wat]1 & f ! ro(1 hung by ?reads1 7 bundles ( h]bs1 "s app>5tly ga!r$ ! night be=e1 o!rs a hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,a ke5 od\r prevail$ 9 ?is laboratory1 :i* 9 "o less /range w\ld h be5 call$ a p]fume4 8,! old man 0 seat$ 9 8 arm*air on :eels1 9 ! c5tre ( a m>ble table =m$ l a horse%oe1 & heap$ up ) a :ole _w1 or r :ole *aos1 ( plants1 phials1 tools1 books1 in/rum5ts1 & pap]s cov]$ ) cabali/ic *>act]s4 8,he 0 s absorb$ t he nev] rais$ 8 head :5 ,balsamo appe>$4 8,! light ( an a/ral lamp1 susp5d$ f ! culm9at+ po9t ( ! w9d[ 9 ! ro(1 fell on 8 bald1 %9+ head4 8,he 0 turn+ to & fro 9 8 f+]s a small :ite bottle1 ! transp>5cy ( :i* he 0 try+ be=e 8 eye1 z a good h\sekeep] tries ! eggs :i* %e buys at m>ket4 8,balsamo gaz$ on him at fir/ 9 sil5ce2 !n1 aft] a mom5t's pause3-- 8#8,well1' said he1 #8h y any news8' 8#8,yes1 yes2 come hi!r1 ,a*>at1 y see me en*ant$--transport$ ) joy6 ,i h f\nd--,i h f\nd----' 8#8,:at8' 8#8,p>dieu6 :at ,i s\ght4' 8#8,gold8' 8#8,gold1 inde$6 ,i am surpris$ at y6' 8#8,! diamond8' 8#8,gold8 diamonds8 ,! man raves6 ,a f9e discov]y1 =soo?1 to be rejoic$ at6' 8#8,!n :at y h f\nd is y\r elixir8' 8#8,yes1 my son1 yes6--! elixir ( life6 ,life8--:at d ,i say8--! et]nity ( life6' 8#8,oh6' said ,balsamo 9 a deject$ voice 7= he look$ on ?is pursuit z m]e insanity71 #8s x is t dream :i* occupies y /ill8' 8,b ,al?otas1 )\t li/5+1 cont9u$ to gaze delight$ly at 8 phial4 8#8,at la/1' said he1 #8! comb9ation is complete3 ! elixir ( ,ari/u1 tw5ty gra9s2 balm ( m]cury1 fifte5 gra9s2 precipitate ( gold1 fifte5 gra9s2 ess5ce ( ! c$> ( ,lebanon1 tw5ty-five gra9s4' 8#8,b x seems to me t1 ) ! exception ( ! elixir ( ,ari/u1 ?is is precisely y\r la/ comb9ation1 ma/]8' 8#8,yes1 b ,i _h n !n discov]$ "o m +r$i5t1 )\t :i* all ! re/ are z no?+4' 8#8,& h y discov]$ x n[8' 8#8,yes4' 8#8,c y procure x8' 8#8,i %\ld ?9k s6' 8#8,:at is x8' 8#8,we mu/ add to ! sev]al +r$i5ts already comb9$ 9 ?is phial1 ! ?ree la/ drops ( ! life-blood ( an infant4' 8#8,well1 b :]e w y procure ?is infant8' said ,balsamo horror-/ruck4 8#8,i tru/ to y = t4' 8#8,to me8 ,y are mad1 ma/]6' 8#8,mad8 ,& :y8' ask$ ! old man1 p]fectly unmov$ at ?is *>ge1 & lick+ ) ! utmo/ delight a drop ( ! fluid :i* _h escap$ f ! cork ( ! phial & 0 trickl+ d[n ! side4 8#8,:y1 = t purpose y mu/ kill ! *ild4' 8#8,( c\rse we mu/ kill him2 & ! h&som] he is ! bett]4'0 ,b 9 ! end ! old man falls a victim to 8 own infatuation1 & at l5g? dies incont95tly )\t discov]+ ! long-look$-= arcana4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,reade4 ,an excell5t picture ( a physician ( ! fifte5? c5tury is drawn by t ma/] 9 ! art ( fiction1 ,*>les ,reade1 9 8 "w ,! ,cloi/] & ! ,he>?1 a /ory ( mu* hi/oric int]e/ & beauty4 ,! h]o1 ,g]>d1 w\nd$ 9 an enc\nt] ) a be>1 lies sick at ,dsseldorf1 & is visit$ by a physician4 8,x 0 an impos+ figure t ent]$ ! sick room2 an old g5tleman 9 a long sob] g[n trimm$ ) ri* fur1 *]ry-col\r$ hose1 & po9t$ %oes1 ) a sword by 8 side 9 a morocco scabb>d1 a ruff r\nd 8 neck1 n only />*$ sev]ely1 b trea*]\sly /iff5$ 9 furr[s by rebatoes1 or a little hidd5 framework ( wood2 & on 8 head a f\r-corn]$ cap ) a fur bord]2 on 8 *9 & bosom1 a maje/ic :ite be>d4 ,?is 0 ! full dress ( a physician4 ,a boy foll[$ at 8 heels ) a basket1 :]e phials1 l9t1 & surgical tools r c\rt$ ?an %unn$ obs]vation40 ,! old doctor1 on le>n+ t 8 pati5t suff]$ f a w\nd1 exclaim$1 8,?is mu/ be caut]is$ =?)10 & imm$iately call$ = 8 ur*9 to heat 8 iron4 ,g]>d1 :o didn't l ! look ( ?+s1 in=m$ ! lee* ! w\nd 0 caus$ by ! be>'s paw1 & n 8 jaw4 8,& :y did'/ n tell me t at once80 8,because y kept tell+ me in/ead40 8,nev] conceal aught f y\r lee*1 "y man10 cont9u$ ! s5ior1 :o 0 a good talk]1 b "o ( ! wor/ li/5]s 9 ,europe4 8,well1 x is an ill bus9ess4 ,all ! horny excresc5ces ( animals--to wit1 claws ( tig]s1 pan!rs1 badg]s1 cats1 be>s1 & ! l1 & horn ( de]1 & nails ( humans1 especially *ildr51 are imbu$ ) dire/ poison4 ,i _h bett] h be5 bitt5 by a cur1 :atev] y may say1 ?an gor$ by a bull or /ag1 or scrat*$ by be>4 ,h[ev]1 %alt h a good bit+ cataplasm = ?y leg2 meantime keep we ! body cool3 put out ?y tongue6--good6--fev]4 ,let me feel ?y pulse3 good6--fev]6 ,i orda9 flebotomy1 & on ! in/ant4 ,hans1 g fet* ! ?+s ne$ful1 & ,i w ent]ta9 ! pati5t meantime ) reasons40 ,! man ( art !n ent]$ into a le>n$ disquisition on pa?ology & ! heal?ful practice ( blood-lett+4 ,"t 0 evid5tly no object1 nei!r ! extremity ( 8 pati5t4 8,?9k n10 said he w>mly1 8t x suffices to ble$2 any paltry b>b] c op5 a ve94 ,! art is to "k :at ve9 to empty1 & = :at disease4 ,t'o!r day !y br\ght me "o torm5t$ ) e>a*e4 ,i let him blood 9 ! "r ?igh1 & away flew 8 e>a*e4 ,by-!-bye1 he has di$ s9ce !n4 ,ano!r came ) ! too?a*e4 ,i ble$ him beh9d ! e>1 & reliev$ him 9 a jiffey4 ,he is also s9ce dead z x happ5s40 ,aft] ?us recit+ 8 p[]s 9 v5esection1 ! wor?y doctor ?\ght he c\ld n d bett] ?an back x up ) a %[ ( k1 & recomm5c$ on a new !me4 8,"k1 "y man1 t two s*ools ( art cont5d at ?is mom5t ?r\gh\t ,europe4 ,! ,arabian1 ^: anci5t oracles are ,avic5na1 ,rhazes1 ,allricazis2 & its reviv]s are ,*auliac & ,lanfranc2 & ! ,greek s*ool1 ^: mod]n *ampions are ,bess>ion1 ,plat9us1 & ,m>silius ,fic9us1 b ^: pri/9e doctors 7 m$ic9e's v oracles--,phbus1 ,*iron1 sculapius1 & 8 sons ,podal9us & ,ma*aon1 ,py?agoras1 ,democritus2 ,praxagoras1 :o inv5t$ ! art]ies1 & ,dioctes1 qui primus ur9 animum d$it4 ,all ^! taught orally4 ,!n came ,hippocrates1 ! eighte5? f sculapius1 & ( him we h manuscripts1 to him we owe #8! vital pr9ciple'4 ,he also inv5t$ ! b&age1 & tapp$ = wat] on ! *e/2 & above all1 he dissect$1 yet only quadrup$s1 = ! brutal prejudices ( ! pagan vulg> )held ! human body f ! knife ( sci5ce4 ,him foll[$ ,ari/otle1 :o gave u ! aorta1 ! l>ge/ blood-vessel 9 ! human body40 8,surely1 sir1 ! ,almighty gave u all t is 9 our bodies1 & n ,ari/otle nor any ,grecian man10 object$ ,g]>d humbly4 8,*ild6 ( c\rse ,he gave u ! ?+2 b ,ari/otle did m--he gave u ! "n ( ! ?+4 ,b "y m5 w /ill be talk+4 ,! next great light 0 ,gal52 he /udi$ at ,alex&ria1 !n ! home ( sci5ce4 ,he1 ju/ly malcont5t ) quadrup$s1 dissect$ apes1 z com+ ne>] to man1 & bl$ l a ,trojan4 ,!n came ,!ophilus1 :o gave u ! n]ves1 ! lacteal vessels1 & ! pia mat]40 8,i am put to sil5ce1 sir40 8,& t is bett] /ill1 = g>rul\s pati5ts are ill to cure1 especially 9 fev]4 ,i say1 !n1 t ,eri/ratus gave u ! c]ebral n]ves & ! milk vessels2 nay1 m1 he 0 ! inv5tor ( li?otomy1 :atev] y may say4 ,!n came ano!r :om ,i =get2 y d some:at p]turb me ) y\r petty exceptions4 ,!n came ,ammonius1 ! au?or ( li?otrity1 & "h comes ,hans ) ! bas9 to /ay y\r volubility4 ,bl[ ?y *af]1 boy1 & h& me ! bas92 'tis well4 ,arabians1 quo?a6 ,:at are !y b a sect ( ye/]day1 :o ab\t ! ye> #ajjj did fall 9 ) ! writ+s ( ^? v ,greeks1 & read !m awry1 hav+ no concurr5t light ( _! own8 = _! demi-god & camel-driv]1 ,mahom$1 impo/or 9 sci5ce z 9 religion1 _h /rictly =bidd5 !m anatomy1 ev5 ( ! l[] animals1 ! :i* he :o sev]e? f m$ic9e1 tollit solem e mundo1 z ,tully quo?4 ,nay1 wond] n at my f]v\r1 good y\?2 :]e ! g5]al weal /&s 9 jeop>dy a little w>m? is civic1 humane1 & hon\rable4 ,n[1 !re is settl$ ( late 9 ?is t[n a pe/il5t ,arabi/1 a m]e empiric1 :o1 despis+ anatomy1 & sc>ce kn[+ ,greek f ,hebrew1 ha? yet spirit$ away half my pati5ts1 & ,i tremble = ! re/4 ,put =? ?9e ankle2 & ?\1 ,hans1 brea! on ! *af]40 ,at ! end ( ?is tirade ,g]>d's fri5d & fell[-travell] ,d5ys appe>s on ! sc5e1 & w n he> ( ! ble$+ be+ c>ri$ out4 ,! blu/]+ b good-temp]$ soldi] soon comes to hot words ) ! old physician on ! subject1 & a wordy battle ensues1 :i* ends by ! doctor be+ (f5d$1 & decides to beat a dignifi$ retreat4 ,! conclud+ sc5e is too good to omit1 & we w give x 9 ! au?or's own words4 8,ah6 y reject my skill1 y scorn my art4 ,my rev5ge %all be to leave y to y\rself2 lo/ idiot1 take y\r la/ look at me1 & at ! sun4 ,y\r blood be on y\r head60 ,& away he /amp$4 ,b on rea*+ ! door he :irl$ & came back1 8 wick] tail twirl+ r\nd aft] him l a cat's4 8,9 twelve h\rs at fur!/ y w be 9 ! second>y /age ( fev]4 ,y\r head w split4 ,y\r c>otids w ?ump4 ,aha6 ,& let b a p9 fall1 y w jump to ! ceil+4 ,!n s5d = me1 & ,i'll n come40 ,he dep>t$4 ,b at ! door-h&le ga!r$ fury1 :eel$ & came fly+1 ) pale1 t]ror-/rick5 boy & wick] tail :isk+ aft] him4 8,next w come--,cramps ( ! /oma*4 ,aha6 8,!n--,bili\s vomit4 ,aha6 8,!n--,cold sweat & deadly /upor4 8,!n--,confusion ( all ! s5ses4 8,!n--,bloody vomit4 8,& aft] t no?+ c save y1 n ev5 ,i2 & if ,i c\ld ,i w\ld n1 & s f>ewell40 ,ev5 ,d5ys *ang$ col\r at ?reats s f]v5t & precise2 b ,g]>d only gna%$ 8 tee? ) rage at ! noise1 & seiz$ 8 h>d bol/] ) k9dl+ eye4 ,?is add$ fuel to ! fire1 & br\ght ! insult$ anci5t back f ! impassable door1 ) 8 :isk+ tra94 8,& aft] t--,madness6 8,& aft] t--,black vomit6 8,& !n--,convulsions6 8,& !n--,t cessation ( all vital functions ! vulg> call #8dea?1' = :i* ?ank y\r own ,satanic folly & insol5ce4 ,f>ewell40 ,he w5t4 ,he came4 ,he ro>$3 8,& ?9k n to be buri$ 9 any ,*ri/ian *ur*y>d1 = ! bailiff is my good fri5d1 & ,i %all tell him h[ & :y y di$3 felo de se6 felo de se6 ,f>ewell40 ,g]>d sprang to 8 feet on ! b$ by "s sup]natural gymna/ic p[] excitem5t l5t him1 &1 see+ him s mov$1 ! v9dictive orator came back at him fi]c] ?an ev]1 to laun* "s ma/]-?reat ! _w has unhappily lo/1 = z he came ) 8 :isk+ tra9 & %ak+ 8 fi/1 ,g]>d hurl$ ! bol/] furi\sly 9 8 face & knock$ him d[n l a %ot1 ! boy's head crack$ "u 8 fall+ ma/]'s1 & cra% w5t ! dumb-/rick5 orator into ! basket1 & !re sat1 w$g$ 9 an inv]t$ angle1 cru%+ phial aft] phial4 ,! boy1 be+ light1 0 /rew$ af>1 b 9 a squatt+ po/ure1 s t !y sat 9 a sequ5ce1 l graduat$ specim5s1 ! small] h[l+4 ,b soon ! doctor's face fill$ ) horror1 & he utt]$ a f> l\d] & une>?ly scree*1 & kick$ & /ruggl$ ) wond]ful agility = "o ( 8 age4 ,he 0 sitt+ on ! hot coals4 ,!y _h s+$ ! clo?1 & 7 n[ bit+ ! man4 ,/ruggl+ wildly b va9ly to get out ( ! basket1 he roll$ ov] ) x sideways1 & lo6 a great hiss+2 !n ! humane ,g]>d ran & wr5*$ (f ! tight basket1 n )\t a /ruggle4 ,! doctor lay on 8 face groan+1 h&somely s+$ ) 8 own *af]1 & slak$ a mom5t too late by 8 own villa9\s comp\nds1 :i*1 h[ev]1 be+ z v>i\s & ev5 beautiful 9 col\r z !y 7 odi\s 9 ta/e1 _h /rangely div]sifi$ 8 grey robe1 & pa9t$ x m gaudy ?an neat4 ,g]>d & ,d5ys rais$ him up & consol$ him4 8,c\rage1 man1 'tis b caut]y2 balm ( ,gilead--:y1 y recomm5d$ x b n[ to my comrade "h40 ,a curi\s specim5 ( m$ical treatm5t came to light :5 ,philip1 ,duke ( ,burgundy1 lay sick at ,bruges4 ,he 0 a d\ghty w>rior ?is ,e>l ( ,holl&1 z he 0 sometimes call$1 & weal?y )al1 s ! be/ advice 0 secur$4 8,n[1 paup]s got sick & got well z ,nature pleas$1 b woe betid$ ! ri*10 says ! noveli/1 89 an age :5 = "o ,mr4 ,malady kill$1 ?ree fell by ,dr4 ,rem$y4 8,! duke's compla9t1 nameless !n1 is n[ call$ diph!ria4 ,he 0 old & weak1 s ,dr4 ,rem$y bl$ him4 8,! duke turn$ cold--wond]ful6 8,!n ,dr4 ,rem$y _h rec\rse to ! arcana ( sci5ce4 8,ho6 ,?is is grave4 ,flay me an ape incont95t1 to clap him to ! duke's brea/6 ,(fic]s ( /ate ran septemvi\s1 seek+ an ape to c\nt]act ! blood-?ir/y tomfool]y ( ! human species4 8,b an ape c\ld n be f\nd4 8,!n ,dr4 ,rem$y grew impati5t1 & bade flay a dog4 8,a dog is next be/ to an ape2 only x mu/ be a dog all ( "o col\r4 8,s !y flay$ a liv]-col\r$ dog & clapp$ x1 yet palpitat+1 to _! sov]eign's brea/2 & he di$40 ,?us end$ ,philip ! ,good4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,dick5s4 ,! apo!c>y ( romance is almo/ inv>iably pale & lean1 ) head ne>ly de/itute ( hirsute cov]+1 & a man ( retir+ habits & sad demean\r4 ,?is is p]haps because he gets little *ance to make ! :]e)al to make him fat1 & has few opportunities to seek enjoym5t & recreation4 ,dick5s' *emi/1 :om he describes 9 8 pa!tic little /ory ,! ,haunt$ ,man1 is no exception to ?is rule4 8,:o c\ld h se5 8 holl[ *eek1 8 sunk51 brilliant eye2 8 black-attir$ figure1 indef9ably grim1 al?\gh well knit & well proportion$2 8 grizzl$ hair hang+ l tangl$ seawe$ ab\t 8 face1--z if he _h be5 ?r\gh 8 :ole life a lonely m>k = ! *af+ & beat+ ( ! great deep ( humanity--b might h said he look$ l a haunt$ man8 8,:o c\ld h obs]v$ 8 mann]--taciturn1 ?\ghtful1 gloomy1 %ad[$ by habitual res]ve1 retir+ always & jocund nev]1 ) a di/raught air ( rev]t+ to a bygone place & "t1 or ( li/5+ to "s old e*oes 9 8 m9d--b might h said x 0 ! mann] ( a haunt$ man8 8,:o c\ld h he>d 8 voice--sl[-speak+1 deep & grave1 ) a natural fulness & melody 9 x :i* he seem$ to set himself aga9/ & /op--b might h said x 0 ! voice ( a haunt$ man8 8,:o t _h se5 him 9 8 inn] *amb]1 "p libr>y & "p laboratory1--= he 01 z ! _w knew f> & wide1 a le>n$ man 9 *emi/ry1 & a tea*] on ^: lips & h&s a cr[d ( aspir+ e>s & eyes hung daily1--:o t _h se5 him !re1 ^u a w9t] night1 alone1 surr\nd$ by 8 drugs & in/rum5ts & books2 ! %ad[ ( 8 %ad$ lamp1 a mon/r\s beetle on ! wall1 motionless among a cr[d ( spectral %apes rais$ !re by ! flick]+ ( ! fire ^u ! qua9t objects ar\nd him2 "s ( ^! phantoms 7! reflection ( glass vessels t held liquids7 trembl+ at he>t l ?+s t knew 8 p[] to uncomb9e !m1 & to give back _! compon5t p>ts to fire & vap\r2--:o t _h se5 him !n1 8 "w done & he pond]+ 9 8 *air be=e ! ru/$ grate & r$ flame1 mov+ 8 ?9 m\? z if 9 spee*1 b sil5t z ! dead1 w\ld n h said t ! man seem$ haunt$ & ! *amb] too80 ,9 ! ,pickwick ,pap]s ! au?or describes 9 "o ( 8 happie/ ve9s1 ! tr\bles ( a *emi/ :o is sudd5ly call$ to s]ve on a common jury--to try inde$ ! celebrat$ case ( 8,b>dell v]sus ,pickwick04 8#8,answ] to y\r names1 g5tlem51 t y may be sworn1' said ! g5tleman 9 black4 8#8,ri*>d ,upwit*4' 8#8,"h1' said ! gre5groc]4 8#8,?omas ,gr(f94' 8#8,"h1' said ! *emi/4 8#8,take ! book1 g5tlem54 ,y %all well & truly try----' 8#8,i beg ?is c\rt's p>don1' said ! *emi/1 :o 0 a tall1 ?91 yell[-visag$ man1 #8b ,i hope ?is c\rt w excuse my att5dance4' 8#8,on :at gr\nds1 sir8' said ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,/>eleigh4 8#8,i h no assi/ant1 my "l1' said ! *emi/4 8#8,!n y ought to be able to af=d x1 sir1' said ! judge r$d5+1 = ,mr4 ,ju/ice ,/>eleigh's temp] bord]$ on ! irritable1 & brook$ n contradiction4 8#8,i "k ,i ought to d1 if ,i got on z well z ,i desir$1 b ,i don't1 my "l1' answ]$ ! *emi/4 8#8,swe> ! g5tlem51' said ! judge p]emptorily4 8,! (fic] _h got no fur!r ?an ! #8,y %all well & truly try' :5 he 0 aga9 int]rupt$ by ! *emi/4 8#8,i am to be sworn1 my "l1 am ,i8' said ! *emi/4 8#8,c]ta9ly1 sir1' repli$ ! te/y little judge4 8#8,v well1 my "l1' repli$ ! *emi/ 9 a resign$ mann]4 #8,!n !re'll be murd] be=e ?is trial's ov]3 t's all4 ,swe> me if y please1 sir4' ,& sworn ! *emi/ 0 be=e ! judge c\ld f9d words to utt]4 8#8,i m]ely want$ to obs]ve1 my "l1' said ! *emi/1 tak+ 8 seat ) great delib]ation1 #8t ,i've left nobody b an err& boy 9 my %op4 ,he is a v nice boy1 my "l1 b he is n acqua9t$ ) drugs2 & ,i "k t ! prevail+ impression 9 8 m9d is1 t ,epsom salts means oxalic acid1 & syrup ( s5na1 laudanum4 ,t's all1 my "l4' ,) ?is1 ! tall *emi/ compos$ himself into a com=table attitude1 &1 assum+ a pleasant expression ( c\nt5ance1 appe>$ to h prep>$ himself = ! wor/40 ,?is little sket* %[s ! disabilities ! *emi/ lab\r$ "u be=e he 0 exempt$ f jury s]vice1 & ! intimate k ,dick5s _h ( almo/ e phase ( life on :i* he wrote4 ,9 ,oliv] ,twi/ he gives u an in/ance ( prompt prescrib+ on ! "p ( ! p>o*ial doctor's assi/ant & disp5s]1 relat$ by ,bumble4 ,mr4 ,bumble betakes himself to ! und]tak]'s %op to arrange = ! fun]al4 8#8,bayton1' said ! und]tak] look+ f ! scrap ( pap] to ,mr4 ,bumble2 #8,i nev] he>d ! "n be=e4' 8,bumble %ook 8 head z he repli$1 #8,ob/9ate p1 ,mr4 ,s[]b]ry--v ob/9ate4 ,pr\d1 too1 ,i'm afraid1 sir4' 8#8,pr\d1 eh8' exclaim$ ,mr4 ,s[]b]ry ) a sne]4 #8,come1 t's too mu*4' 8#8,oh1 its sick5+1' repli$ ! beadle2 #8antimonial1 ,mr4 ,s[]b]ry6' 8#8,s x is1' acquiesc$ ! und]tak]4 8#8,we only he>d ( ! family ! night be=e la/1' said ! beadle2 #8& we %\ldn't h kn[n any?+ ab\t !m !n1 only a woman :o lodges 9 ! same h\se made an application to ! p>o*ial committee = !m to s5d ! p>o*ial surgeon to see a woman z 0 v bad4 ,he _h gone out to d9n]1 b 8 'pr5tice 7:i* is a v clev] lad7 s5t 'em "s m$ic9e 9 a black+ bottle (f h&4' 8#8,ah1 !re's promptness1' said ! und]tak]4 8#8,promptness inde$6' repli$ ! beadle4 #8,b :at's ! consequ5ce2 :at's ! ungrateful behavi\r ( ^! rebels1 sir8 ,:y1 ! husb& s5ds back ^w t ! m$ic9e won't suit 8 wife's compla9t1 & s %e %an't take x--says %e %an't take x1 sir6 ,good1 /rong1 :olesome m$ic9e1 z 0 giv5 ) great success to two ,iri% lab\r]s & a coal-heav] only a week be=e4 ,s5t 'em = no?+1 ) a black+ bottle 91 & he s5ds back ^w t %e %an't take x1 sir6'0 ,,?ack]ay4 ,! great satiri/1 9 ,p5d5nis1 gives u a brief sket* ( ! apo!c>y ( ! ,georgian era 9 ! e>ly life ( ,john ,p5d5nis1 :o 9 ! city ( ,ba? practis$ z an apo!c>y & surgeon1 8att5d+ g5tlem5 9 _! sickrooms1 & ladies at ! mo/ int]e/+ p]iods ( _! lives1 & condesc5d+ to sell a br[n-pap] plai/] to a f>m]'s wife across ! c\nt]1 or to v5d too?-bru%es1 hair-p[d]1 & ,london p]fum]y04 ,h[ he ev5tually m]g$ into ,john ,p5d5nis1 ,esq41 ( ,fairoaks1 ,clav]+1 ) a 8family pride10 is x n describ$ ) ! p5 ( inimitable g5ius 9 ! pages ( ! /ory8 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,m>ryat4 ,9 8 novel entitl$ ,japhet 9 ,se>* ( a ,fa!r1 ,capta9 ,m>ryat introduces to u t ecc5tric apo!c>y1 ,mr4 ,ph9eas ,cophagus2 & al?\gh ! "* is d\btless exagg]at$ to "s ext5t1 x =ms an amus+ picture ( ! practis+ apo!c>y 9 ! e>ly "p ( ?is c5tury4 ,japhet1 :o is tak5 9 h& & appr5tic$ to ! wor?y practition]1 describes ! %op look+ ^u ,smi?field ,m>ket1 ) its usual all[ance ( gre51 yell[1 & blue bottles4 ,all ! pat5t m$ic9es 9 ! kn[n _w 7 kept 9 /ock1 ev5 to ! all-suffici5t m$ic9e = mank9d ( ,mr4 ,euony4 ,! %op 0 l>ge1 & at ! back "p !re 0 a mo/ capaci\s iron mort> ) a pe/le to correspond4 ,! proprietor himself1 we are told1 might h be5 =ty-five ye>s ( age4 8,he 0 ( middle height1 8 face 0 ?91 8 nose v mu* hook$1 8 eyes small & pi]c+1 ) a good-hum\r$ tw9kle 9 !m4 ,8 m\? 0 l>ge & drawn d[n at "o corn]4 ,he 0 /\t 9 8 body1 & c>ri$ a consid]able protub]ance be=e him1 :i* he 0 9 ! habit ( patt+ ) 8 left h& complac5tly4 ,b al?\gh /\t 9 8 body1 8 legs 7 m]e sp9dles1 s t 9 8 appe>ance he rem9d$ y ( "s bird ( ! crane g5us4 8,he dress$ 9 a black coat & wai/coat1 :ite cravat1 & high coll> to 8 %irt2 blue cotton-net pantaloons & ,hessian boots1 bo? fitt+ s tight t x appe>$ z if he 0 pr\d ( 8 sp9dle %anks4 ,8 hat 0 broad-brimm$ & l[1 & he c>ri$ a /\t black cane ) a gold top 9 8 "r h&1 almo/ always rais+ ! gold top to 8 nose :5 he spoke4 8,! apo!c>y's assi/ant1 ,brookes1 0 a tall1 fre%-col\r$1 b hectic-look+ "y man1 &1 ) ! ubiquit\s ,timo?y1 :o took out ! m$ic9e1 =m$ ! /aff ( ! e/abli%m5t40 ,japhet's introduction to ! rudim5ts ( ! pr(ession 0 to p\nd up "s drugs 9 ! big iron mort>1 :i* he did ) a w until ! p]spiration ran d[n him 9 /reams4 ,he hadn't be5 _m mon?s 9 ! %op be=e he 0 left 9 *>ge ) ,timo?y1 :o1 aft] cudgell+ 8 bra9s z to h[ !y %all make a little money on _! own acc\nt1 agrees ) ,japhet to physic any "o :o comes 9 ! %op4 ,! /ory is relat$ by ,japhet z foll[s3-- 8,an old woman soon came 91 & address+ ,timo?y1 said t %e #8want$ some?+ = h] poor gr&*ild's sore ?roat'4 8#8,i don't mix up ! m$ic9es1 ma'am1' repli$ ,timo?y2 #8y mu/ apply to t g5tleman1 ,mr4 ,newl&1 :o is beh9d ! c\nt]2 he und]/&s :at is good = ev]ybody's compla9ts4' 8#8,bless 8 h&some face--& s "y1 too6 ,:y1 be y a doctor1 sir8' 8#8,i %\ld hope s1' repli$ ,i4 #8,:at is x y require--a lotion or an embrocation8' 8#8,i don't und]/& ^? h>d words1 b ,i want "s doctor's /uff4' 8#8,v well1 my good woman2 ,i "k :at is prop]1' repli$ ,i1 assum+ an important air4 #8,"h1 ,timo?y1 wa% out ?is phial v clean4' 8#8,yes1 sir1' repli$ ,timo?y v respectfully4 8,i took "o ( ! measures1 & putt+ 9 a little gre51 a little blue1 & a little :ite liquid f ! m$ic9e bottles g5]ally us$ by ,mr4 ,brookes1 fill$ x up ) wat]1 p\r$ ! mixture into ! phial1 cork$1 & labell$ x hau/us /atim sum5dus1 & h&$ x ov] to ! old woman4 8#8,is ! poor *ild to take x1 or is x to rub outside8' inquir$ ! old woman4 8#8,! directions are on ! label2 b y don't read ,lat98' 8#8,de>y me1 no6 ,lat96 & d y und]/& ,lat98 ,:at a nice clev] boy6' 8#8,i %\ld n be a good doctor if ,i did n1' repli$ ,i4 ,on second ?\ghts ,i consid]$ x advisable & saf] t ! application %\ld be ext]nal1 s ,i translat$ ! label to h]3 hau/us1 rub x 92 /atim1 on ! ?roat2 sum5dus1 ) ! palm ( ! h&40 ,_! next ef=t at doctor+ is humor\sly describ$ by ! noveli/ 9 ! foll[+ words3-- 8,an ,iri% lab\r]1 m ?an half-tipsy1 came 9 "o ev5+ & ask$ :e!r we _h su* a ?+ z 0 call$ #8,a poor man's plai/]'4 #8,by ! p[]s1 x w be a poor man's plai/] :5 x belongs to me2 b !y tell me t x is a sure & s>ta9 cure = ! ?umbago1 z !y call x1 :i* ,i've at ! small ( my back1 & :i* is a h9d] to my m\nt+ up ! ladd]2 s z x's ,saturday night1 & ,i've j got ! money1 ,i'll buy ! plai/] fir/1 & !n try :at a little :isky inside w d4 ,! devil is 9't if x won't be driv5 out ( me betwe5 ! two4' 8,we _h n t plai/] 9 ! %op1 b we _h bli/] plai/]s1 & ,timo?y1 h&+ "o to me1 ,i pr(f]$ x to him4 #8,& :at may y be aft] ask+ = ! same8' inquir$ he4 8,! bli/]s 7 sold at a %ill+ ea*1 :5 spread on pap]1 s ,i ask$ him eighte5-p5ce1 t we might pocket ! extra sixp5ce4 8#8,by ! p[]s1 "o w\ld ?9k t y _h made a mi/ake1 & h&$ me ! ri* man's plai/] in/ead ( ! poor "o's4 ,x's less :isky ,i'll h to dr9k1 any h[2 b "h's ! money1 & ! top ( ! morn+ to ye1 see+ z h[ x's ji/ gett+ late4' 8,timo?y & ,i laugh$ z we divid$ ! sixp5ce4 ,x appe>$ t aft] tak+ 8 all[ance ( :isky ! poor fell[ fix$ ! plai/] on 8 back :5 he w5t to b$1 & ! next morn+ f\nd himself 9 a condition n to be envi$4 ,x 0 a week be=e we saw him aga91 &1 mu* to ! horror ( ,timo?y & myself1 he walk$ into ! %op :5 ,mr4 ,brookes 0 employ$ beh9d ! c\nt]4 ,timo?y p]ceiv$ him be=e he saw u1 & pull+ me beh9d ! l>ge mort>1 we contriv$ to make our escape into ! back p>l\r1 ! door ( :i* we held aj> to he> :at w\ld take place4 8#8,murd] & turf6' cri$ ! man1 #8b t 0 ! devil's own plai/] y gave me "h = my back1 & x left me z raw z a turnip1 tak+ e bit ( my sk9 (f me entirely1 =bye my ly+ 9 b$ = a :ole week & los+ my day's "w4' 8#8,i really d n recollect supply+ y ) a plai/]1 my good man1' repli$ ,mr4 ,brookes4 8#8,!n by ! pip] t play$ be=e ,moses1 if y don't recollect x1 ,i've an idea t ,i %all nev] =get x4 ,sure en\gh1 x cur$ me1 b wasn't ,i q kilt be=e ,i 0 cur$8' 8#8,x mu/ h be5 "s o!r %op1' obs]v$ ,mr4 ,brookes4 #8,y h made a mi/ake4' 8#8,devil a bit ( a mi/ake1 except 9 sell+ me ! plai/]4 ,didn't ,i get x ( a lad 9 ?is same %op8' 8#8,nobody sells ?+s out ( ?is %op )\t my k4' 8,! ,iri%man 0 puzzl$--he look$ r\nd ! %op4 #8,well1 !n1 if ?is a'n't ! %op1 x 0 own si/] to x4'0 8,l all embryo apo!c>ies10 says ,japhet1 8,i c>ri$ 9 my appe>ance1 if n ! look ( wisdom1 mo/ c]ta9ly t ( self-suffici5cy1 :i* does equally well ) ! _w 9 g5]al4 ,my =ehead 0 smoo? & v :ite1 & my d>k locks 7 comb$ back sy/ematically & ) a regul>ity t said1 z pla9ly z hair c\ld d1 #8,! own] ( ?is does ev]y?+ by prescription1 measurem5t1 & rule'4 ,altoge!r ,i cut su* a truly m$ical appe>ance t ev5 ! mo/ gu>d$ w\ld n h hesitat$ to all[ me ! sole conduct ( a :itl[1 f inflammation to suppuration1 & f suppuration to cure1 or h refus$ to h confid$ to me ! entire suppression ( a gumboil4 8,su* 7 my p]sonal qualifications at ! "t ,i 0 rais$ to ! important (fice ( disp5s] (1 ,i may say1 life & dea?40 ,transcrib]'s note ,text 9 italics 0 surr\nd$ ) und]scores & small capitals *ang$ to all capitals4 ,a few errors 9 punctuation 7 correct$ sil5tly4 ,also ! foll[+ *anges 7 made1 on page #eb 8furnance0 *ang$ to 8furnace0 7seiz+ 8 r$-hot tongs f ! little furnace 9 :i*7 #gf 8,t]agrammaton0 *ang$ to 8,tetragrammaton0 7,tetragrammaton ,adonai7 #bcd 8!0 add$ 7c5tre ( ! cov]7 #bgc 8,lanf50 *ang$ to 8,lafeu0 7,lafeu4 ,g to1 sir1 y 7 beat5 9 ,italy7 #bgh 8,sp5c]0 *ang$ to 8,sp5s]0 7,edmund ,sp5s] 0 born 9 ,london74 ,o!rwise ! orig9al 0 pres]v$1 includ+ unusual or inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation1 & possible errors 9 quotes f o!r books4