,,h]etics by ,gilb]t ,k4 ,*e/]ton 8,to ,my ,fa!r0 ,s\rce ,h]etics 0 copyright$ 9 #aije by ! ,john ,lane ,company4 ,?is electronic text is d]iv$ f ! twelf? 7#aiai7 edition publi%$ by ! ,john ,lane ,company ( ,new ,york ,city & pr9t$ by ! ,plimpton ,press ( ,norwood1 ,massa*usetts4 ,! text c>efully foll[s t ( ! publi%$ edition 7includ+ ,briti% spell+74 ,! ,au?or ,gilb]t ,kei? ,*e/]ton 0 born 9 ,london1 ,engl& on ! #bi? ( ,may1 #ahgd4 ,?\gh he consid]$ himself a m]e 8rollick+ j\rnali/10 he 0 actually a prolific & gift$ writ] 9 virtually e area ( lit]ature4 ,a man ( /rong op9ions & enorm\sly tal5t$ at def5d+ !m1 8 exub]ant p]sonality nev]!less all[$ him to ma9ta9 w>m fri5d%ips ) p--su* z ,george ,b]n>d ,%aw & ,h4 ,g4 ,wells--) :om he vehem5tly disagre$4 ,*e/]ton _h no difficulty /&+ up = :at he believ$4 ,he 0 "o ( ! few j\rnali/s to oppose ! ,bo] ,w>4 ,8 #aibb 8,eug5ics & ,o!r ,evils0 attack$ :at 0 at t "t ! mo/ progressive ( all ideas1 ! idea t ! human race c\ld & %\ld bre$ a sup]ior v]sion ( itself4 ,9 ! ,nazi exp]i5ce1 hi/ory demon/rat$ ! wisdom ( 8 once 8reaction>y0 views4 ,8 poetry runs ! gamut f ! comic #aijh 8,on ,runn+ ,aft] ,"o's ,hat0 to d>k & s]i\s ballads4 ,dur+ ! d>k days ( #aidj1 :5 ,brita9 /ood virtually alone aga9/ ! arm$ might ( ,nazi ,g]many1 ^! l9es f 8 #aiaa ,ballad ( ! ,:ite ,horse 7 (t5 quot$3 ,i tell y naught = y\r com=t1 ,yea1 naught = y\r desire1 ,save t ! sky gr[s d>k] yet ,& ! sea rises high]4 ,?\gh n writt5 = a s*ol>ly audi5ce1 8 biographies ( au?ors & hi/orical figures l ,*>les ,dick5s & ,/4 ,francis ( ,assisi (t5 conta9 brilliant insights into _! subjects4 ,8 ,fa!r ,br[n my/]y /ories1 writt5 betwe5 #aiaa & #aicf1 are /ill be+ read & adapt$ = television4 ,8 politics fitt$ ) 8 deep di/ru/ ( conc5trat$ weal? & p[] ( any sort4 ,along ) 8 fri5d ,hilaire ,belloc & 9 books l ! #aiaj 8,:at's ,wrong ) ! ,_w0 he advocat$ a view call$ 8,di/ributionism0 t 0 be/ summ$ up by 8 expression t e man ought to be all[$ to own 8?ree acres & a c[40 ,?\gh n kn[n z a political ?9k]1 8 political influ5ce has circl$ ! _w4 ,"s see 9 him ! fa!r ( ! 8small is beautiful0 movem5t & a newspap] article by him is cr$it$ ) provok+ ,g&hi to seek a 8g5u9e0 nationalism = ,india r ?an "o t imitat$ ! ,briti%4 ,h]etics belongs to yet ano!r area ( lit]ature at :i* ,*e/]ton excell$4 ,a fun-lov+ & greg>i\s man1 he 0 nev]!less tr\bl$ 9 8 adolesc5ce by ?\ghts ( suicide4 ,9 ,*ri/ianity he f\nd ! answ]s to ! dilemmas & p>adoxes he saw 9 life4 ,o!r books 9 t same s]ies include 8 #aijh ,or?odoxy 7writt5 9 response to attacks on ?is book7 & 8 #aibe ,! ,ev]la/+ ,man4 ,or?odoxy is also available z electronic text4 ,*e/]ton di$ on ! #ad? ( ,june1 #aicf 9 ,beaconsfield1 ,buck+ham%ire1 ,engl&4 ,dur+ 8 life he publi%$ #fi books & at lea/ ano!r t5 bas$ on 8 writ+s h be5 publi%$ aft] 8 dea?4 ,_m ( ^? books are /ill 9 pr9t4 ,ignatius ,press is sy/ematically publi%+ 8 collect$ writ+s4 ,table ( ,cont5ts #a4 ,introductory ,rem>ks on ! ,importance ( ,or?odoxy #b4 ,on ! ,negative ,_s #c4 ,on ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+ & ,mak+ ! ,_w ,small #d4 ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw #e4 ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells & ! ,giants #f4 ,*ri/mas & ! ,e/hetes #g4 ,om> & ! ,sacr$ ,v9e #h4 ,! ,mildness ( ! ,yell[ ,press #i4 ,! ,moods ( ,mr4 ,george ,moore #aj4 ,on ,s&als & ,simplicity #aa4 ,sci5ce & ! ,savages #ab4 ,paganism & ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son #ac4 ,celts & ,celtophiles #ad4 ,on ,c]ta9 ,mod]n ,writ]s & ! ,in/itution ( ! ,family #ae4 ,on ,sm>t ,noveli/s & ! ,sm>t ,set #af4 ,on ,mr4 ,mc,cabe & a ,div9e ,frivolity #ag4 ,on ! ,wit ( ,:i/l] #ah4 ,! ,fallacy ( ! ,"y ,nation #ai4 ,slum ,noveli/s & ! ,slums #bj4 ,conclud+ ,rem>ks on ! ,importance ( ,or?odoxy ,i4 ,introductory ,rem>ks on ! ,importance ( ,or?odoxy ,no?+ m /rangely indicates an enorm\s & sil5t evil ( mod]n society ?an ! extraord9>y use :i* is made n[adays ( ! ^w 8or?odox40 ,9 =m] days ! h]etic 0 pr\d ( n be+ a h]etic4 ,x 0 ! k+doms ( ! _w & ! police & ! judges :o 7 h]etics4 ,he 0 or?odox4 ,he _h no pride 9 hav+ rebell$ aga9/ !m2 !y _h rebell$ aga9/ him4 ,! armies ) _! cruel security1 ! k+s ) _! cold faces1 ! decor\s processes ( ,/ate1 ! reasonable processes ( law--all ^! l %eep _h gone a/ray4 ,! man 0 pr\d ( be+ or?odox1 0 pr\d ( be+ "r4 ,if he /ood alone 9 a h[l+ wild]ness he 0 m ?an a man2 he 0 a *ur*4 ,he 0 ! c5tre ( ! univ]se2 x 0 r\nd him t ! />s swung4 ,all ! tortures torn out ( =gott5 hells c\ld n make him admit t he 0 h]etical4 ,b a few mod]n phrases h made him boa/ ( x4 ,he says1 ) a consci\s laugh1 8,i suppose ,i am v h]etical10 & looks r\nd = applause4 ,! ^w 8h]esy0 n only means no long] be+ wrong2 x practically means be+ cle>-head$ & c\rage\s4 ,! ^w 8or?odoxy0 n only no long] means be+ "r2 x practically means be+ wrong4 ,all ?is c mean "o ?+1 & "o ?+ only4 ,x means t p c>e less = :e!r !y are philosophically "r4 ,= obvi\sly a man ought to confess himself crazy be=e he confesses himself h]etical4 ,! ,bohemian1 ) a r$ tie1 ought to pique himself on 8 or?odoxy4 ,! dynamit]1 lay+ a bomb1 ought to feel t1 :atev] else he is1 at lea/ he is or?odox4 ,x is fooli%1 g5]ally speak+1 = a philosoph] to set fire to ano!r philosoph] 9 ,smi?field ,m>ket because !y d n agree 9 _! !ory ( ! univ]se4 ,t 0 done v frequ5tly 9 ! la/ decad5ce ( ! ,middle ,ages1 & x fail$ altoge!r 9 its object4 ,b !re is "o ?+ t is inf9itely m absurd & unpractical ?an burn+ a man = 8 philosophy4 ,?is is ! habit ( say+ t 8 philosophy does n matt]1 & ?is is done univ]sally 9 ! tw5tie? c5tury1 9 ! decad5ce ( ! great revolution>y p]iod4 ,g5]al !ories are ev]y:]e contemn$2 ! doctr9e ( ! ,rights ( ,man is dismiss$ ) ! doctr9e ( ! ,fall ( ,man4 ,a!ism itself is too !ological = u to-day4 ,revolution itself is too mu* ( a sy/em2 lib]ty itself is too mu* ( a re/ra9t4 ,we w h no g5]alizations4 ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw has put ! view 9 a p]fect epigram3 8,! gold5 rule is t !re is no gold5 rule40 ,we are m & m to discuss details 9 art1 politics1 lit]ature4 ,a man's op9ion on tramc>s matt]s2 8 op9ion on ,botticelli matt]s2 8 op9ion on all ?+s does n matt]4 ,he may turn ov] & explore a million objects1 b he mu/ n f9d t /range object1 ! univ]se2 = if he does he w h a religion1 & be lo/4 ,ev]y?+ matt]s--except ev]y?+4 ,examples are sc>cely ne$$ ( ?is total levity on ! subject ( cosmic philosophy4 ,examples are sc>cely ne$$ to %[ t1 :atev] else we ?9k ( z affect+ practical affairs1 we d n ?9k x matt]s :e!r a man is a pessimi/ or an optimi/1 a ,c>tesian or a ,hegelian1 a mat]iali/ or a spirituali/4 ,let me1 h[ev]1 take a r&om in/ance4 ,at any innoc5t tea-table we may easily he> a man say1 8,life is n wor? liv+40 ,we reg>d x z we reg>d ! /atem5t t x is a f9e day2 nobody ?9ks t x c possibly h any s]i\s effect on ! man or on ! _w4 ,& yet if t utt]ance 7 really believ$1 ! _w w\ld /& on its head4 ,murd]]s w\ld be giv5 m$als = sav+ m5 f life2 firem5 w\ld be d5\nc$ = keep+ m5 f dea?2 poisons w\ld be us$ z m$ic9es2 doctors w\ld be call$ 9 :5 p 7 well2 ! ,royal ,humane ,society w\ld be root$ out l a horde ( assass9s4 ,yet we nev] speculate z to :e!r ! conv]sational pessimi/ w /r5g!n or disorganize society2 = we are conv9c$ t !ories d n matt]4 ,?is 0 c]ta9ly n ! idea ( ^? :o introduc$ our fre$om4 ,:5 ! old ,lib]als remov$ ! gags f all ! h]esies1 _! idea 0 t religi\s & philosophical discov]ies might ?us be made4 ,_! view 0 t cosmic tru? 0 s important t e "o ought to be> indep5d5t te/imony4 ,! mod]n idea is t cosmic tru? is s unimportant t x _c matt] :at any "o says4 ,! =m] fre$ inquiry z m5 loose a noble h\nd2 ! latt] frees inquiry z m5 fl+ back into ! sea a fi% unfit = eat+4 ,nev] has !re be5 s little discussion ab\t ! nature ( m5 z n[1 :51 = ! fir/ "t1 any "o c discuss x4 ,! old re/riction meant t only ! or?odox 7 all[$ to discuss religion4 ,mod]n lib]ty means t nobody is all[$ to discuss x4 ,good ta/e1 ! la/ & vile/ ( human sup]/itions1 has succe$$ 9 sil5c+ u :]e all ! re/ h fail$4 ,sixty ye>s ago x 0 bad ta/e to be an av[$ a!i/4 ,!n came ! ,bradlaughites1 ! la/ religi\s m51 ! la/ m5 :o c>$ ab\t ,god2 b !y c\ld n alt] x4 ,x is /ill bad ta/e to be an av[$ a!i/4 ,b _! agony has a*iev$ j ?is--t n[ x is equally bad ta/e to be an av[$ ,*ri/ian4 ,emancipation has only lock$ ! sa9t 9 ! same t[] ( sil5ce z ! h]esi>*4 ,!n we talk ab\t ,"l ,anglesey & ! wea!r1 & call x ! complete lib]ty ( all ! cre$s4 ,b !re are "s p1 nev]!less--& ,i am "o ( !m--:o ?9k t ! mo/ practical & important ?+ ab\t a man is /ill 8 view ( ! univ]se4 ,we ?9k t = a l&lady consid]+ a lodg]1 x is important to "k 8 income1 b /ill m important to "k 8 philosophy4 ,we ?9k t = a g5]al ab\t to fight an enemy1 x is important to "k ! enemy's numb]s1 b /ill m important to "k ! enemy's philosophy4 ,we ?9k ! "q is n :e!r ! !ory ( ! cosmos affects matt]s1 b :e!r 9 ! long run1 any?+ else affects !m4 ,9 ! fifte5? c5tury m5 cross-exam9$ & torm5t$ a man because he prea*$ "s immoral attitude2 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury we fet$ & flatt]$ ,osc> ,wilde because he prea*$ su* an attitude1 & !n broke 8 he>t 9 p5al s]vitude because he c>ri$ x out4 ,x may be a "q :i* ( ! two me?ods 0 ! m cruel2 !re c be no k9d ( "q :i* 0 ! m ludicr\s4 ,! age ( ! ,inquisition has n at lea/ ! disgrace ( hav+ produc$ a society :i* made an idol ( ! v same man = prea*+ ! v same ?+s :i* x made him a convict = practis+4 ,n[1 9 our "t1 philosophy or religion1 our !ory1 t is1 ab\t ultimate ?+s1 has be5 driv5 out1 m or less simultane\sly1 f two fields :i* x us$ to occupy4 ,g5]al ideals us$ to dom9ate lit]ature4 ,!y h be5 driv5 out by ! cry ( 8art = art's sake40 ,g5]al ideals us$ to dom9ate politics4 ,!y h be5 driv5 out by ! cry ( 8effici5cy10 :i* may r\ghly be translat$ z 8politics = politics' sake40 ,p]si/5tly = ! la/ tw5ty ye>s ! ideals ( ord] or lib]ty h dw9dl$ 9 our books2 ! ambitions ( wit & eloqu5ce h dw9dl$ 9 our p>liam5ts4 ,lit]ature has purposely become less political2 politics h purposely become less lit]>y4 ,g5]al !ories ( ! relation ( ?+s h ?us be5 extrud$ f bo?2 & we are 9 a position to ask1 8,:at h we ga9$ or lo/ by ?is extrusion8 ,is lit]ature bett]1 is politics bett]1 = hav+ disc>d$ ! morali/ & ! philosoph]80 ,:5 ev]y?+ ab\t a p is = ! "t gr[+ weak & ineffective1 x beg9s to talk ab\t effici5cy4 ,s x is t :5 a man's body is a wreck he beg9s1 = ! fir/ "t1 to talk ab\t heal?4 ,vigor\s organisms talk n ab\t _! processes1 b ab\t _! aims4 ,!re _c be any bett] pro( ( ! physical effici5cy ( a man ?an t he talks *e]fully ( a j\rney to ! end ( ! _w4 ,& !re _c be any bett] pro( ( ! practical effici5cy ( a nation ?an t x talks con/antly ( a j\rney to ! end ( ! _w1 a j\rney to ! ,judgm5t ,day & ! ,new ,j]usalem4 ,!re c be no /rong] sign ( a co>se mat]ial heal? ?an ! t5d5cy to run aft] high & wild ideals2 x is 9 ! fir/ exub]ance ( infancy t we cry = ! moon4 ,none ( ! /rong m5 9 ! /rong ages w\ld h und]/ood :at y meant by work+ = effici5cy4 ,hildebr& w\ld h said t he 0 work+ n = effici5cy1 b = ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,danton w\ld h said t he 0 work+ n = effici5cy1 b = lib]ty1 equality1 & frat]nity4 ,ev5 if ! ideal ( su* m5 7 simply ! ideal ( kick+ a man d[n/airs1 !y ?\ght ( ! end l m51 n ( ! process l p>alytics4 ,!y did n say1 8,effici5tly elevat+ my "r leg1 us+1 y w notice1 ! muscles ( ! ?igh & calf1 :i* are 9 excell5t ord]1 ,i--0 ,_! feel+ 0 q diff]5t4 ,!y 7 s fill$ ) ! beautiful vision ( ! man ly+ flat at ! foot ( ! /aircase t 9 t ec/asy ! re/ foll[$ 9 a fla%4 ,9 practice1 ! habit ( g5]aliz+ & idealiz+ did n by any means mean worldly weakness4 ,! "t ( big !ories 0 ! "t ( big results4 ,9 ! era ( s5tim5t & f9e words1 at ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 m5 7 really robu/ & effective4 ,! s5tim5tali/s conqu]$ ,napoleon4 ,! cynics c\ld n cat* ,de ,wet4 ,a hundr$ ye>s ago our affairs = good or evil 7 wield$ triumphantly by rhetoricians4 ,n[ our affairs are hopelessly muddl$ by /rong1 sil5t m54 ,& j z ?is repudiation ( big words & big visions has br\ght =? a race ( small m5 9 politics1 s x has br\ght =? a race ( small m5 9 ! arts4 ,our mod]n politicians claim ! colossal lic5se ( ,caes> & ! ,sup]man1 claim t !y are too practical to be pure & too patriotic to be moral2 b ! up%ot ( x all is t a m$iocrity is ,*ancellor ( ! ,ex*equ]4 ,our new arti/ic philosoph]s call = ! same moral lic5se1 = a fre$om to wreck heav5 & e>? ) _! en]gy2 b ! up%ot ( x all is t a m$iocrity is ,poet ,laureate4 ,i d n say t !re are no /rong] m5 ?an ^!2 b w any "o say t !re are any m5 /rong] ?an ^? m5 ( old :o 7 dom9at$ by _! philosophy & /eep$ 9 _! religion8 ,:e!r bondage be bett] ?an fre$om may be discuss$4 ,b t _! bondage came to m ?an our fre$om x w be difficult = any "o to d5y4 ,! !ory ( ! unmorality ( art has e/abli%$ itself firmly 9 ! /rictly arti/ic classes4 ,!y are free to produce any?+ !y l4 ,!y are free to write a 8,p>adise ,lo/0 9 :i* ,satan %all conqu] ,god4 ,!y are free to write a 8,div9e ,com$y0 9 :i* heav5 %all be "u ! floor ( hell4 ,& :at h !y done8 ,h !y produc$ 9 _! univ]sality any?+ gr&] or m beautiful ?an ! ?+s utt]$ by ! fi]ce ,ghibbel9e ,ca?olic1 by ! rigid ,puritan s*oolma/]8 ,we "k t !y h produc$ only a few r\ndels4 ,milton does n m]ely beat !m at 8 piety1 he beats !m at _! own irrev]5ce4 ,9 all _! little books ( v]se y w n f9d a f9] defiance ( ,god ?an ,satan's4 ,nor w y f9d ! gr&eur ( paganism felt z t fi]y ,*ri/ian felt x :o describ$ ,f>anata lift+ 8 head z 9 disda9 ( hell4 ,& ! reason is v obvi\s4 ,blasphemy is an arti/ic effect1 because blasphemy dep5ds ^u a philosophical conviction4 ,blasphemy dep5ds ^u belief & is fad+ ) x4 ,if any "o d\bts ?is1 let him sit d[n s]i\sly & try to ?9k blasphem\s ?\ghts ab\t ,?or4 ,i ?9k 8 family w f9d him at ! end ( ! day 9 a /ate ( "s exhau/ion4 ,nei!r 9 ! _w ( politics nor t ( lit]ature1 !n1 has ! rejection ( g5]al !ories prov$ a success4 ,x may be t !re h be5 _m moon/ruck & mislead+ ideals t h f "t to "t p]plex$ mank9d4 ,b assur$ly !re has be5 no ideal 9 practice s moon/ruck & mislead+ z ! ideal ( practicality4 ,no?+ has lo/ s _m opportunities z ! opportunism ( ,"l ,roseb]y4 ,he is1 inde$1 a /&+ symbol ( ?is epo*--! man :o is !oretically a practical man1 & practically m unpractical ?an any !ori/4 ,no?+ 9 ?is univ]se is s unwise z t k9d ( wor%ip ( worldly wisdom4 ,a man :o is p]petually ?9k+ ( :e!r ?is race or t race is /rong1 ( :e!r ?is cause or t cause is promis+1 is ! man :o w nev] believe 9 any?+ long en\gh to make x succe$4 ,! opportuni/ politician is l a man :o %\ld ab&on billi>ds because he 0 beat5 at billi>ds1 & ab&on golf because he 0 beat5 at golf4 ,!re is no?+ :i* is s weak = work+ purposes z ?is enorm\s importance atta*$ to imm$iate victory4 ,!re is no?+ t fails l success4 ,& hav+ discov]$ t opportunism does fail1 ,i h be5 induc$ to look at x m l>gely1 & 9 consequ5ce to see t x mu/ fail4 ,i p]ceive t x is f> m practical to beg9 at ! beg9n+ & discuss !ories4 ,i see t ! m5 :o kill$ ea* o!r ab\t ! or?odoxy ( ! ,homo\sion 7 f> m s5sible ?an ! p :o are qu>rell+ ab\t ! ,education ,act4 ,= ! ,*ri/ian dogmati/s 7 try+ to e/abli% a reign ( hol9ess1 & try+ to get def9$1 fir/ ( all1 :at 0 really holy4 ,b our mod]n educationi/s are try+ to br+ ab\t a religi\s lib]ty )\t attempt+ to settle :at is religion or :at is lib]ty4 ,if ! old prie/s =c$ a /atem5t on mank9d1 at lea/ !y previ\sly took "s tr\ble to make x lucid4 ,x has be5 left = ! mod]n mobs ( ,anglicans & ,noncon=mi/s to p]secute = a doctr9e )\t ev5 /at+ x4 ,= ^! reasons1 & = _m m1 ,i = "o h come to believe 9 go+ back to fundam5tals4 ,su* is ! g5]al idea ( ?is book4 ,i wi% to deal ) my mo/ di/+ui%$ contempor>ies1 n p]sonally or 9 a m]ely lit]>y mann]1 b 9 relation to ! real body ( doctr9e :i* !y tea*4 ,i am n conc]n$ ) ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+ z a vivid arti/ or a vigor\s p]sonality2 ,i am conc]n$ ) him z a ,h]etic--t is to say1 a man ^: view ( ?+s has ! h>dihood to diff] f m9e4 ,i am n conc]n$ ) ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw z "o ( ! mo/ brilliant & "o ( ! mo/ hone/ m5 alive2 ,i am conc]n$ ) him z a ,h]etic--t is to say1 a man ^: philosophy is q solid1 q coh]5t1 & q wrong4 ,i rev]t to ! doctr9al me?ods ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 inspir$ by ! g5]al hope ( gett+ some?+ done4 ,suppose t a great commotion arises 9 ! /reet ab\t some?+1 let u say a lamp-po/1 :i* _m influ5tial p]sons desire to pull d[n4 ,a grey-clad monk1 :o is ! _s ( ! ,middle ,ages1 is approa*$ ^u ! matt]1 & beg9s to say1 9 ! arid mann] ( ! ,s*oolm51 8,let u fir/ ( all consid]1 my bre?r51 ! value ( ,light4 ,if ,light be 9 itself good--0 ,at ?is po9t he is some:at excusably knock$ d[n4 ,all ! p make a ru% = ! lamp-po/1 ! lamp-po/ is d[n 9 t5 m9utes1 & !y g ab\t congratulat+ ea* o!r on _! unm$iaeval practicality4 ,b z ?+s g on !y d n "w out s easily4 ,"s p h pull$ ! lamp-po/ d[n because !y want$ ! electric light2 "s because !y want$ old iron2 "s because !y want$ d>kness1 because _! de$s 7 evil4 ,"s ?\ght x n en\gh ( a lamp-po/1 "s too mu*2 "s act$ because !y want$ to sma% municipal ma*9]y2 "s because !y want$ to sma% some?+4 ,& !re is w> 9 ! night1 no man kn[+ :om he /rikes4 ,s1 gradually & inevitably1 to-day1 to-morr[1 or ! next day1 !re comes back ! conviction t ! monk 0 "r aft] all1 & t all dep5ds on :at is ! philosophy ( ,light4 ,only :at we might h discuss$ "u ! gas-lamp1 we n[ mu/ discuss 9 ! d>k4 ,,ii4 ,on ! negative _s ,mu* has be5 said1 & said truly1 ( ! monki% morbidity1 ( ! hy/]ia :i* z (t5 gone ) ! visions ( h]mits or nuns4 ,b let u nev] =get t ?is vision>y religion is1 9 "o s5se1 necess>ily m :olesome ?an our mod]n & reasonable morality4 ,x is m :olesome = ?is reason1 t x c contemplate ! idea ( success or triumph 9 ! hopeless fight t[>ds ! e?ical ideal1 9 :at ,/ev5son call$1 ) 8 usual />tl+ felicity1 8! lo/ fight ( virtue40 ,a mod]n morality1 on ! o!r h&1 c only po9t ) absolute conviction to ! horrors t foll[ brea*es ( law2 its only c]ta9ty is a c]ta9ty ( ill4 ,x c only po9t to imp]fection4 ,x has no p]fection to po9t to4 ,b ! monk m$itat+ ^u ,*ri/ or ,buddha has 9 8 m9d an image ( p]fect heal?1 a ?+ ( cle> col\rs & clean air4 ,he may contemplate ?is ideal :ol5ess & happ9ess f> m ?an he ought2 he may contemplate x to ! neglect ( exclusion ( ess5tial ,,?+s2 he may contemplate x until he has become a dream] or a drivell]2 b /ill x is :ol5ess & happ9ess t he is contemplat+4 ,he may ev5 g mad2 b he is go+ mad = ! love ( sanity4 ,b ! mod]n /ud5t ( e?ics1 ev5 if he rema9s sane1 rema9s sane f an insane dread ( insanity4 ,! an*orite roll+ on ! /ones 9 a fr5zy ( submission is a heal?i] p]son fundam5tally ?an _m a sob] man 9 a silk hat :o is walk+ d[n ,*eapside4 ,= _m su* are good only ?r\gh a )]+ k ( evil4 ,i am n at ?is mom5t claim+ = ! devotee any?+ m ?an ?is prim>y advantage1 t ?\gh he may be mak+ himself p]sonally weak & mis]able1 he is /ill fix+ 8 ?\ghts l>gely on gigantic /r5g? & happ9ess1 on a /r5g? t has no limits1 & a happ9ess t has no end4 ,d\btless !re are o!r objections :i* c be urg$ )\t unreason aga9/ ! influ5ce ( gods & visions 9 morality1 :e!r 9 ! cell or /reet4 ,b ?is advantage ! my/ic morality mu/ always h--x is always jolli]4 ,a "y man may keep himself f vice by cont9ually ?9k+ ( disease4 ,he may keep himself f x also by cont9ually ?9k+ ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y4 ,!re may be "q ab\t :i* me?od is ! m reasonable1 or ev5 ab\t :i* is ! m effici5t4 ,b surely !re c be no "q ab\t :i* is ! m :olesome4 ,i rememb] a pamphlet by t able & s9c]e secul>i/1 ,mr4 ,g4 ,w4 ,foote1 :i* conta9$ a phrase %>ply symboliz+ & divid+ ^! two me?ods4 ,! pamphlet 0 call$ ,,be] ,,& ,,bible1 ^? two v noble ?+s1 all ! nobl] = a conjunction :i* ,mr4 ,foote1 9 8 /]n old ,puritan way1 seem$ to ?9k s>donic1 b :i* ,i confess to ?9k+ appropriate & *>m+4 ,i h n ! "w by me1 b ,i rememb] t ,mr4 ,foote dismiss$ v contemptu\sly any attempts to deal ) ! problem ( /rong dr9k by religi\s (fices or int]cessions1 & said t a picture ( a drunk>d's liv] w\ld be m efficaci\s 9 ! matt] ( temp]ance ?an any pray] or praise4 ,9 t picturesque expression1 x seems to me1 is p]fectly embodi$ ! incurable morbidity ( mod]n e?ics4 ,9 t temple ! lights are l[1 ! cr[ds kneel1 ! solemn an!ms are uplift$4 ,b t ^u ! alt> to :i* all m5 kneel is no long] ! p]fect fle%1 ! body & sub/ance ( ! p]fect man2 x is /ill fle%1 b x is diseas$4 ,x is ! drunk>d's liv] ( ! ,new ,te/am5t t is m>r$ = u1 :i* we take 9 remembrance ( him4 ,n[1 x is ?is great gap 9 mod]n e?ics1 ! abs5ce ( vivid pictures ( purity & spiritual triumph1 :i* lies at ! back ( ! real objection felt by s _m sane m5 to ! reali/ic lit]ature ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,if any ord9>y man ev] said t he 0 horrifi$ by ! subjects discuss$ 9 ,ibs5 or ,maupassant1 or by ! pla9 language 9 :i* !y are spok5 (1 t ord9>y man 0 ly+4 ,! av]age conv]sation ( av]age m5 ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( mod]n civilization 9 e class or trade is su* z ,zola w\ld nev] dream ( pr9t+4 ,nor is ! habit ( writ+ ?us ( ^! ?+s a new habit4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is ! ,victorian prud]y & sil5ce :i* is new /ill1 ?\gh x is already dy+4 ,! tradition ( call+ a spade a spade />ts v e>ly 9 our lit]ature & comes d[n v late4 ,b ! tru? is t ! ord9>y hone/ man1 :atev] vague acc\nt he may h giv5 ( 8 feel+s1 0 n ei!r disgu/$ or ev5 annoy$ at ! c&\r ( ! mod]ns4 ,:at disgu/$ him1 & v ju/ly1 0 n ! pres5ce ( a cle> realism1 b ! abs5ce ( a cle> idealism4 ,/rong & g5u9e religi\s s5tim5t has nev] _h any objection to realism2 on ! contr>y1 religion 0 ! reali/ic ?+1 ! brutal ?+1 ! ?+ t call$ names4 ,?is is ! great diff]5ce betwe5 "s rec5t developm5ts ( ,noncon=mity & ! great ,puritanism ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,x 0 ! :ole po9t ( ! ,puritans t !y c>$ no?+ = dec5cy4 ,mod]n ,noncon=mi/ newspap]s di/+ui% !mselves by suppress+ precisely ^? n\ns & adjectives :i* ! f\nd]s ( ,noncon=mity di/+ui%$ !mselves by fl++ at k+s & que5s4 ,b if x 0 a *ief claim ( religion t x spoke pla9ly ab\t evil1 x 0 ! *ief claim ( all t x spoke pla9ly ab\t good4 ,! ?+ :i* is res5t$1 &1 z ,i ?9k1 rightly res5t$1 9 t great mod]n lit]ature ( :i* ,ibs5 is typical1 is t :ile ! eye t c p]ceive :at are ! wrong ?+s increases 9 an uncanny & dev\r+ cl>ity1 ! eye :i* sees :at ?+s are "r is gr[+ mi/i] & mi/i] e mom5t1 till x goes almo/ bl9d ) d\bt4 ,if we comp>e1 let u say1 ! morality ( ! ,,div9e ,,com$y ) ! morality ( ,ibs5's ,,gho/s1 we %all see all t mod]n e?ics h really done4 ,no "o1 ,i imag9e1 w accuse ! au?or ( ! ,,inf]no ( an ,e>ly ,victorian prudi%ness or a ,podsnapian optimism4 ,b ,dante describes ?ree moral in/rum5ts--,heav51 ,purgatory1 & ,hell1 ! vision ( p]fection1 ! vision ( improvem5t1 & ! vision ( failure4 ,ibs5 has only "o--,hell4 ,x is (t5 said1 & ) p]fect tru?1 t no "o c\ld read a play l ,,gho/s & rema9 indiff]5t to ! necessity ( an e?ical self-comm&4 ,t is q true1 & ! same is to be said ( ! mo/ mon/r\s & mat]ial descriptions ( ! et]nal fire4 ,x is q c]ta9 ! reali/s l ,zola d 9 "o s5se promote morality--!y promote x 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! hangman promotes x1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! devil promotes x4 ,b !y only affect t small m9ority :i* w accept any virtue ( c\rage4 ,mo/ heal?y p dismiss ^! moral dang]s z !y dismiss ! possibility ( bombs or microbes4 ,mod]n reali/s are inde$ ,t]rori/s1 l ! dynamit]s2 & !y fail j z mu* 9 _! ef=t to create a ?rill4 ,bo? reali/s & dynamit]s are well-mean+ p engag$ 9 ! task1 s obvi\sly ultimately hopeless1 ( us+ sci5ce to promote morality4 ,i d n wi% ! read] to confuse me = a mom5t ) ^? vague p]sons :o imag9e t ,ibs5 is :at !y call a pessimi/4 ,!re are pl5ty ( :olesome p 9 ,ibs51 pl5ty ( good p1 pl5ty ( happy p1 pl5ty ( examples ( m5 act+ wisely & ?+s end+ well4 ,t is n my mean+4 ,my mean+ is t ,ibs5 has ?r\gh\t1 & does n disguise1 a c]ta9 vagu5ess & a *ang+ attitude z well z a d\bt+ attitude t[>ds :at is really wisdom & virtue 9 ?is life--a vagu5ess :i* contra/s v rem>kably ) ! decisiv5ess ) :i* he p\nces on some?+ :i* he p]ceives to be a root ( evil1 "s conv5tion1 "s deception1 "s ignorance4 ,we "k t ! h]o ( ,,gho/s is mad1 & we "k :y he is mad4 ,we d also "k t ,dr4 ,/ockman is sane2 b we d n "k :y he is sane4 ,ibs5 does n pr(ess to "k h[ virtue & happ9ess are br\ght ab\t1 9 ! s5se t he pr(esses to "k h[ our mod]n sexual trag$ies are br\ght ab\t4 ,falsehood works ru9 9 ,,! ,,pill>s ,,( ,,society1 b tru? works equal ru9 9 ,,! ,,wild ,,duck4 ,!re are no c>d9al virtues ( ,ibs5ism4 ,!re is no ideal man ( ,ibs54 ,all ?is is n only admitt$1 b vaunt$ 9 ! mo/ valuable & ?\ghtful ( all ! eulogies ^u ,ibs51 ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw's ,,qu9tess5ce ,,( ,,ibs5ism4 ,mr4 ,%aw sums up ,ibs5's tea*+ 9 ! phrase1 8,! gold5 rule is t !re is no gold5 rule40 ,9 8 eyes ?is abs5ce ( an endur+ & positive ideal1 ?is abs5ce ( a p]man5t key to virtue1 is ! "o great ,ibs5 m]it4 ,i am n discuss+ n[ ) any fulness :e!r ?is is s or n4 ,all ,i v5ture to po9t out1 ) an increas$ firmness1 is t ?is omission1 good or bad1 does leave u face to face ) ! problem ( a human consci\sness fill$ ) v def9ite images ( evil1 & ) no def9ite image ( good4 ,to u light mu/ be h5ce=w>d ! d>k ?+--! ?+ ( :i* we _c speak4 ,to u1 z to ,milton's devils 9 ,p&emonium1 x is d>kness t is visible4 ,! human race1 accord+ to religion1 fell once1 & 9 fall+ ga9$ k ( good & ( evil4 ,n[ we h fall5 a second "t1 & only ! k ( evil rema9s to u4 ,a great sil5t collapse1 an enorm\s unspok5 disappo9tm5t1 has 9 our "t fall5 on our ,nor!rn civilization4 ,all previ\s ages h sweat$ & be5 crucifi$ 9 an attempt to realize :at is really ! "r life1 :at 0 really ! good man4 ,a def9ite "p ( ! mod]n _w has come beyond "q to ! conclusion t !re is no answ] to ^! que/ions1 t ! mo/ t we c d is to set up a few notice-bo>ds at places ( obvi\s dang]1 to w>n m51 = in/ance1 aga9/ dr9k+ !mselves to dea?1 or ignor+ ! m]e exi/5ce ( _! neighb\rs4 ,ibs5 is ! fir/ to return f ! baffl$ hunt to br+ u ! tid+s ( great failure4 ,e "o ( ! popul> mod]n phrases & ideals is a dodge 9 ord] to %irk ! problem ( :at is good4 ,we are fond ( talk+ ab\t 8lib]ty02 t1 z we talk ( x1 is a dodge to avoid discuss+ :at is good4 ,we are fond ( talk+ ab\t 8progress02 t is a dodge to avoid discuss+ :at is good4 ,we are fond ( talk+ ab\t 8education02 t is a dodge to avoid discuss+ :at is good4 ,! mod]n man says1 8,let u leave all ^! arbitr>y /&>ds & embrace lib]ty40 ,?is is1 logically r5d]$1 8,let u n decide :at is good1 b let x be consid]$ good n to decide x40 ,he says1 8,away ) y\r old moral =mulae2 ,i am = progress40 ,?is1 logically /at$1 means1 8,let u n settle :at is good2 b let u settle :e!r we are gett+ m ( x40 ,he says1 8,nei!r 9 religion nor morality1 my fri5d1 lie ! hopes ( ! race1 b 9 education40 ,?is1 cle>ly express$1 means1 8,we _c decide :at is good1 b let u give x to our *ildr540 ,mr4 ,h4,g4 ,wells1 t exce$+ly cle>-sight$ man1 has po9t$ out 9 a rec5t "w t ?is has happ5$ 9 connection ) economic que/ions4 ,! old economi/s1 he says1 made g5]alizations1 & !y 7 79 ,mr4 ,wells's view7 mo/ly wrong4 ,b ! new economi/s1 he says1 seem to h lo/ ! p[] ( mak+ any g5]alizations at all4 ,& !y cov] ?is incapacity ) a g5]al claim to be1 9 specific cases1 reg>d$ z 8exp]ts01 a claim 8prop] en\gh 9 a hairdress] or a fa%ionable physician1 b indec5t 9 a philosoph] or a man ( sci5ce40 ,b 9 spite ( ! refre%+ rationality ) :i* ,mr4 ,wells has indicat$ ?is1 x mu/ also be said t he himself has fall5 into ! same enorm\s mod]n error4 ,9 ! op5+ pages ( t excell5t book ,,mank9d ,,9 ,,! ,,mak+1 he dismisses ! ideals ( art1 religion1 ab/ract morality1 & ! re/1 & says t he is go+ to consid] m5 9 _! *ief function1 ! function ( p>5?ood4 ,he is go+ to discuss life z a 8tissue ( bir?s40 ,he is n go+ to ask :at w produce satisfactory sa9ts or satisfactory h]oes1 b :at w produce satisfactory fa!rs & mo!rs4 ,! :ole is set =w>d s s5sibly t x is a few mom5ts at lea/ be=e ! read] realises t x is ano!r example ( unconsci\s %irk+4 ,:at is ! good ( begett+ a man until we h settl$ :at is ! good ( be+ a man8 ,y are m]ely h&+ on to him a problem y d>e n settle y\rself4 ,x is z if a man 7 ask$1 8,:at is ! use ( a hamm]80 & answ]$1 8,to make hamm]s02 & :5 ask$1 8,& ( ^? hamm]s1 :at is ! use80 answ]$1 8,to make hamm]s aga904 ,j z su* a man w\ld be p]petually putt+ (f ! "q ( ! ultimate use ( c>p5try1 s ,mr4 ,wells & all ! re/ ( u are by ^! phrases successfully putt+ (f ! "q ( ! ultimate value ( ! human life4 ,! case ( ! g5]al talk ( 8progress0 is1 inde$1 an extreme "o4 ,z enunciat$ to-day1 8progress0 is simply a comp>ative ( :i* we h n settl$ ! sup]lative4 ,we meet e ideal ( religion1 patriotism1 beauty1 or brute pleasure ) ! alt]native ideal ( progress--t is to say1 we meet e proposal ( gett+ some?+ t we "k ab\t1 ) an alt]native proposal ( gett+ a great deal m ( nobody kn[s :at4 ,progress1 prop]ly und]/ood1 has1 inde$1 a mo/ dignifi$ & legitimate mean+4 ,b z us$ 9 opposition to precise moral ideals1 x is ludicr\s4 ,s f> f x be+ ! tru? t ! ideal ( progress is to be set aga9/ t ( e?ical or religi\s f9ality1 ! rev]se is ! tru?4 ,nobody has any bus9ess to use ! ^w 8progress0 unless he has a def9ite cre$ & a ca/-iron code ( morals4 ,nobody c be progressive )\t be+ doctr9al2 ,i might almo/ say t nobody c be progressive )\t be+ infallible--at any rate1 )\t believ+ 9 "s infallibility4 ,= progress by its v "n indicates a direction2 & ! mom5t we are 9 ! lea/ d\btful ab\t ! direction1 we become 9 ! same degree d\btful ab\t ! progress4 ,nev] p]haps s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! _w has !re be5 an age t _h less "r to use ! ^w 8progress0 ?an we4 ,9 ! ,ca?olic twelf? c5tury1 9 ! philosophic eighte5? c5tury1 ! direction may h be5 a good or a bad "o1 m5 may h diff]$ m or less ab\t h[ f> !y w5t1 & 9 :at direction1 b ab\t ! direction !y did 9 ! ma9 agree1 & consequ5tly !y _h ! g5u9e s5sation ( progress4 ,b x is precisely ab\t ! direction t we disagree4 ,:e!r ! future excell5ce lies 9 m law or less law1 9 m lib]ty or less lib]ty2 :e!r prop]ty w be f9ally conc5trat$ or f9ally cut up2 :e!r sexual passion w rea* its sane/ 9 an almo/ virg9 intellectualism or 9 a full animal fre$om2 :e!r we %\ld love ev]ybody ) ,tol/oy1 or sp>e nobody ) ,nietzs*e2--^! are ! ?+s ab\t :i* we are actually fight+ mo/4 ,x is n m]ely true t ! age :i* has settl$ lea/ :at is progress is ?is 8progressive0 age4 ,x is1 moreov]1 true t ! p :o h settl$ lea/ :at is progress are ! mo/ 8progressive0 p 9 x4 ,! ord9>y mass1 ! m5 :o h nev] tr\bl$ ab\t progress1 might be tru/$ p]haps to progress4 ,! p>ticul> individuals :o talk ab\t progress w\ld c]ta9ly fly to ! f\r w9ds ( heav5 :5 ! pi/ol-%ot />t$ ! race4 ,i d n1 !re=e1 say t ! ^w 8progress0 is unmean+2 ,i say x is unmean+ )\t ! previ\s def9ition ( a moral doctr9e1 & t x c only be appli$ to gr\ps ( p]sons :o hold t doctr9e 9 common4 ,progress is n an illegitimate ^w1 b x is logically evid5t t x is illegitimate = u4 ,x is a sacr$ ^w1 a ^w :i* c\ld only rightly be us$ by rigid believ]s & 9 ! ages ( fai?4 ,,iii4 ,on ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+ & ,mak+ ! ,_w ,small ,!re is no su* ?+ on e>? z an un9t]e/+ subject2 ! only ?+ t c exi/ is an un9t]e/$ p]son4 ,no?+ is m ke5ly requir$ ?an a def5ce ( bores4 ,:5 ,byron divid$ humanity into ! bores & bor$1 he omitt$ to notice t ! high] qualities exi/ entirely 9 ! bores1 ! l[] qualities 9 ! bor$1 among :om he c\nt$ himself4 ,! bore1 by 8 />ry en?usiasm1 8 solemn happ9ess1 may1 9 "s s5se1 h prov$ himself poetical4 ,! bor$ has c]ta9ly prov$ himself prosaic4 ,we might1 no d\bt1 f9d x a nuisance to c\nt all ! blades ( grass or all ! leaves ( ! trees2 b ?is w\ld n be because ( our boldness or gaiety1 b because ( our lack ( boldness & gaiety4 ,! bore w\ld g onw>d1 bold & gay1 & f9d ! blades ( grass z spl5did z ! swords ( an army4 ,! bore is /rong] & m joy\s ?an we are2 he is a demigod--nay1 he is a god4 ,= x is ! gods :o d n tire ( ! it]ation ( ?+s2 to !m ! nightfall is always new1 & ! la/ rose z r$ z ! fir/4 ,! s5se t ev]y?+ is poetical is a ?+ solid & absolute2 x is n a m]e matt] ( phraseology or p]suasion4 ,x is n m]ely true1 x is asc]ta9able4 ,m5 may be *all5g$ to d5y x2 m5 may be *all5g$ to m5tion any?+ t is n a matt] ( poetry4 ,i rememb] a long "t ago a s5sible sub-editor com+ up to me ) a book 9 8 h&1 call$ 8,mr4 ,smi?10 or 8,! ,smi? ,family10 or "s su* ?+4 ,he said1 8,well1 y won't get any ( y\r damn$ my/icism out ( ?is10 or words to t effect4 ,i am happy to say t ,i undeceiv$ him2 b ! victory 0 too obvi\s & easy4 ,9 mo/ cases ! "n is unpoetical1 al?\gh ! fact is poetical4 ,9 ! case ( ,smi?1 ! "n is s poetical t x mu/ be an ardu\s & h]oic matt] = ! man to live up to x4 ,! "n ( ,smi? is ! "n ( ! "o trade t ev5 k+s respect$1 x c\ld claim half ! glory ( t arma virumque :i* all epics acclaim$4 ,! _s ( ! smi?y is s close to ! _s ( song t x has mix$ 9 a million poems1 & e blacksmi? is a h>moni\s blacksmi?4 ,ev5 ! village *ildr5 feel t 9 "s dim way ! smi? is poetic1 z ! groc] & ! cobbl] are n poetic1 :5 !y fea/ on ! danc+ sp>ks & deaf5+ bl[s 9 ! cav]n ( t creative viol5ce4 ,! brute repose ( ,nature1 ! passionate cunn+ ( man1 ! /ronge/ ( e>?ly metals1 ! wi]de/ ( e>?ly elem5ts1 ! unconqu]able iron subdu$ by its only conqu]or1 ! :eel & ! pl\gh%>e1 ! sword & ! /eam-hamm]1 ! array+ ( armies & ! :ole leg5d ( arms1 all ^! ?+s are writt51 briefly inde$1 b q legibly1 on ! visit+-c>d ( ,mr4 ,smi?4 ,yet our noveli/s call _! h]o 8,aylm] ,val5ce10 :i* means no?+1 or 8,v]non ,raymond10 :i* means no?+1 :5 x is 9 _! p[] to give him ?is sacr$ "n ( ,smi?--?is "n made ( iron & flame4 ,x w\ld be v natural if a c]ta9 hauteur1 a c]ta9 c>riage ( ! head1 a c]ta9 curl ( ! lip1 di/+ui%$ e "o ^: "n is ,smi?4 ,p]haps x does2 ,i tru/ s4 ,:oev] else are p>v5us1 ! ,smi?s are n p>v5us4 ,f ! d>ke/ dawn ( hi/ory ?is clan has gone =? to battle2 its trophies are on e h&2 its "n is ev]y:]e2 x is old] ?an ! nations1 & its sign is ! ,hamm] ( ,?or4 ,b z ,i also rem>k$1 x is n q ! usual case4 ,x is common en\gh t common ?+s %\ld be poetical2 x is n s common t common names %\ld be poetical4 ,9 mo/ cases x is ! "n t is ! ob/acle4 ,a great _m p talk z if ?is claim ( ours1 t all ?+s are poetical1 7 a m]e lit]>y +5uity1 a play on words4 ,precisely ! contr>y is true4 ,x is ! idea t "s ?+s are n poetical :i* is lit]>y1 :i* is a m]e product ( words4 ,! ^w 8signal-box0 is unpoetical4 ,b ! ?+ signal-box is n unpoetical2 x is a place :]e m51 9 an agony ( vigilance1 light blood-r$ & sea-gre5 fires to keep o!r m5 f dea?4 ,t is ! pla91 g5u9e description ( :at x is2 ! prose only comes 9 ) :at x is call$4 ,! ^w 8pill>-box0 is unpoetical4 ,b ! ?+ pill>-box is n unpoetical2 x is ! place to :i* fri5ds & lov]s commit _! messages1 consci\s t :5 !y h done s !y are sacr$1 & n to be t\*$1 n only by o!rs1 b ev5 7religi\s t\*67 by !mselves4 ,t r$ turret is "o ( ! la/ ( ! temples4 ,po/+ a lett] & gett+ m>ri$ are among ! few ?+s left t are entirely romantic2 = to be entirely romantic a ?+ mu/ be irrevocable4 ,we ?9k a pill>-box prosaic1 because !re is no rhyme to x4 ,we ?9k a pill>-box unpoetical1 because we h nev] se5 x 9 a poem4 ,b ! bold fact is entirely on ! side ( poetry4 ,a signal-box is only call$ a signal-box2 x is a h\se ( life & dea?4 ,a pill>-box is only call$ a pill>-box2 x is a sanctu>y ( human words4 ,if y ?9k ! "n ( 8,smi?0 prosaic1 x is n because y are practical & s5sible2 x is because y are too mu* affect$ ) lit]>y ref9em5ts4 ,! "n %\ts poetry at y4 ,if y ?9k ( x o!rwise1 x is because y are /eep$ & sodd5 ) v]bal rem9isc5ces1 because y rememb] ev]y?+ 9 ,pun* or ,comic ,cuts ab\t ,mr4 ,smi? be+ drunk or ,mr4 ,smi? be+ h5peck$4 ,all ^! ?+s 7 giv5 to y poetical4 ,x is only by a long & elaborate process ( lit]>y ef=t t y h made !m prosaic4 ,n[1 ! fir/ & faire/ ?+ to say ab\t ,rudy>d ,kipl+ is t he has borne a brilliant "p 9 ?us recov]+ ! lo/ prov9ces ( poetry4 ,he has n be5 fright5$ by t brutal mat]iali/ic air :i* cl+s only to words2 he has pi]c$ ?r\gh to ! romantic1 imag9ative matt] ( ! ?+s !mselves4 ,he has p]ceiv$ ! significance & philosophy ( /eam & ( slang4 ,/eam may be1 if y l1 a dirty by-product ( sci5ce4 ,slang may be1 if y l1 a dirty by-product ( language4 ,b at lea/ he has be5 among ! few :o saw ! div9e p>5tage ( ^! ?+s1 & knew t :]e !re is smoke !re is fire--t is1 t :]ev] !re is ! f\le/ ( ?+s1 !re also is ! pure/4 ,above all1 he has _h some?+ to say1 a def9ite view ( ?+s to utt]1 & t always means t a man is fe>less & faces ev]y?+4 ,= ! mom5t we h a view ( ! univ]se1 we possess x4 ,n[1 ! message ( ,rudy>d ,kipl+1 t ^u :i* he has really conc5trat$1 is ! only ?+ wor? worry+ ab\t 9 him or 9 any o!r man4 ,he has (t5 writt5 bad poetry1 l ,wordswor?4 ,he has (t5 said silly ?+s1 l ,plato4 ,he has (t5 giv5 way to m]e political hy/]ia1 l ,glad/one4 ,b no "o c reasonably d\bt t he means /eadily & s9c]ely to say some?+1 & ! only s]i\s "q is1 ,:at is t :i* he has tri$ to say8 ,p]haps ! be/ way ( /at+ ?is fairly w be to beg9 ) t elem5t :i* has be5 mo/ insi/$ by himself & by 8 oppon5ts--,i mean 8 int]e/ 9 milit>ism4 ,b :5 we are seek+ = ! real m]its ( a man x is unwise to g to 8 enemies1 & mu* m fooli% to g to himself4 ,n[1 ,mr4 ,kipl+ is c]ta9ly wrong 9 8 wor%ip ( milit>ism1 b 8 oppon5ts are1 g5]ally speak+1 q z wrong z he4 ,! evil ( milit>ism is n t x %[s c]ta9 m5 to be fi]ce & haughty & excessively w>like4 ,! evil ( milit>ism is t x %[s mo/ m5 to be tame & timid & excessively peaceable4 ,! pr(essional soldi] ga9s m & m p[] z ! g5]al c\rage ( a community decl9es4 ,?us ! ,pretorian gu>d became m & m important 9 ,rome z ,rome became m & m luxuri\s & feeble4 ,! milit>y man ga9s ! civil p[] 9 proportion z ! civilian loses ! milit>y virtues4 ,& z x 0 9 anci5t ,rome s x is 9 contempor>y ,europe4 ,!re nev] 0 a "t :5 nations 7 m milit>i/4 ,!re nev] 0 a "t :5 m5 7 less brave4 ,all ages & all epics h sung ( arms & ! man2 b we h effect$ simultane\sly ! det]ioration ( ! man & ! fanta/ic p]fection ( ! arms4 ,milit>ism demon/rat$ ! decad5ce ( ,rome1 & x demon/rates ! decad5ce ( ,prussia4 ,& unconsci\sly ,mr4 ,kipl+ has prov$ ?is1 & prov$ x admirably4 ,= 9 s f> z 8 "w is e>ne/ly und]/ood ! milit>y trade does n by any means em]ge z ! mo/ important or attractive4 ,he has n writt5 s well ab\t soldi]s z he has ab\t railway m5 or bridge build]s1 or ev5 j\rnali/s4 ,! fact is t :at attracts ,mr4 ,kipl+ to milit>ism is n ! idea ( c\rage1 b ! idea ( discipl9e4 ,!re 0 f> m c\rage to ! squ>e mile 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 :5 no k+ _h a /&+ army1 b e man _h a b[ or sword4 ,b ! fasc9ation ( ! /&+ army ^u ,mr4 ,kipl+ is n c\rage1 :i* sc>cely int]e/s him1 b discipl9e1 :i* is1 :5 all is said & done1 8 prim>y !me4 ,! mod]n army is n a miracle ( c\rage2 x has n en\gh opportunities1 ow+ to ! c[>dice ( ev]ybody else4 ,b x is really a miracle ( organization1 & t is ! truly ,kipl+ite ideal4 ,kipl+'s subject is n t val\r :i* prop]ly belongs to w>1 b t int]dep5d5ce & effici5cy :i* belongs q z mu* to eng9e]s1 or sailors1 or mules1 or railway eng9es4 ,& ?us x is t :5 he writes ( eng9e]s1 or sailors1 or mules1 or /eam-eng9es1 he writes at 8 be/4 ,! real poetry1 ! 8true romance0 :i* ,mr4 ,kipl+ has taught1 is ! romance ( ! division ( lab\r & ! discipl9e ( all ! trades4 ,he s+s ! arts ( peace mu* m accurately ?an ! arts ( w>4 ,& 8 ma9 cont5tion is vital & valuable4 ,e ?+ is milit>y 9 ! s5se t ev]y?+ dep5ds ^u ob$i5ce4 ,!re is no p]fectly epicurean corn]2 !re is no p]fectly irresponsible place4 ,ev]y:]e m5 h made ! way = u ) sweat & submission4 ,we may fl+ ourselves into a hammock 9 a fit ( div9e c>elessness4 ,b we are glad t ! net-mak] did n make ! hammock 9 a fit ( div9e c>elessness4 ,we may jump ^u a *ild's rock+-horse = a joke4 ,b we are glad t ! c>p5t] did n leave ! legs ( x unglu$ = a joke4 ,s f> f hav+ m]ely prea*$ t a soldi] clean+ 8 side-arm is to be ador$ because he is milit>y1 ,kipl+ at 8 be/ & cle>e/ has prea*$ t ! bak] bak+ loaves & ! tailor cutt+ coats is z milit>y z anybody4 ,be+ devot$ to ?is multitud9\s vision ( duty1 ,mr4 ,kipl+ is naturally a cosmopolitan4 ,he happ5s to f9d 8 examples 9 ! ,briti% ,empire1 b almo/ any o!r empire w\ld d z well1 or1 inde$1 any o!r highly civiliz$ c\ntry4 ,t :i* he admires 9 ! ,briti% army he w\ld f9d ev5 m app>5t 9 ! ,g]man army2 t :i* he desires 9 ! ,briti% police he w\ld f9d fl\ri%+1 9 ! ,fr5* police4 ,! ideal ( discipl9e is n ! :ole ( life1 b x is spread ov] ! :ole ( ! _w4 ,& ! wor%ip ( x t5ds to confirm 9 ,mr4 ,kipl+ a c]ta9 note ( worldly wisdom1 ( ! exp]i5ce ( ! w&]]1 :i* is "o ( ! g5u9e *>ms ( 8 be/ "w4 ,! great gap 9 8 m9d is :at may be r\ghly call$ ! lack ( patriotism--t is to say1 he lacks altoge!r ! faculty ( atta*+ himself to any cause or community f9ally & tragically2 = all f9ality mu/ be tragic4 ,he admires ,engl&1 b he does n love h]2 = we admire ?+s ) reasons1 b love !m )\t reasons4 ,he admires ,engl& because %e is /rong1 n because %e is ,engli%4 ,!re is no h>%ness 9 say+ ?is1 =1 to d him ju/ice1 he av[s x ) 8 usual picturesque c&\r4 ,9 a v int]e/+ poem1 he says t-- 8,if ,engl& 0 :at ,engl& seems0 --t is1 weak & ineffici5t2 if ,engl& 7 n :at 7z he believes7 %e is--t is1 p[]ful & practical-- 8,h[ quick we'd *uck 'er6 ,b %e a9't60 ,he admits1 t is1 t 8 devotion is ! result ( a criticism1 & ?is is q en\gh to put x 9 ano!r category altoge!r f ! patriotism ( ! ,bo]s1 :om he h\nd$ d[n 9 ,s\? ,africa4 ,9 speak+ ( ! really patriotic peoples1 su* z ! ,iri%1 he has "s difficulty 9 keep+ a %rill irritation out ( 8 language4 ,! frame ( m9d :i* he really describes ) beauty & nobility is ! frame ( m9d ( ! cosmopolitan man :o has se5 m5 & cities4 8,= to admire & = to see1 ,= to be'old ?is _w s wide40 ,he is a p]fect ma/] ( t light melan*oly ) :i* a man looks back on hav+ be5 ! citiz5 ( _m communities1 ( t light melan*oly ) :i* a man looks back on hav+ be5 ! lov] ( _m wom54 ,he is ! phil&]] ( ! nations4 ,b a man may h le>nt mu* ab\t wom5 9 flirtations1 & /ill be ignorant ( fir/ love2 a man may h kn[n z _m l&s z ,ulysses1 & /ill be ignorant ( patriotism4 ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+ has ask$ 9 a celebrat$ epigram :at !y c "k ( ,engl& :o "k ,engl& only4 ,x is a f> deep] & %>p] "q to ask1 8,:at c !y "k ( ,engl& :o "k only ! _w80 = ! _w does n include ,engl& any m ?an x includes ! ,*ur*4 ,! mom5t we c>e = any?+ deeply1 ! _w--t is1 all ! o!r miscellane\s int]e/s--becomes our enemy4 ,*ri/ians %[$ x :5 !y talk$ ( keep+ "o's self 8unspott$ f ! _w20 b lov]s talk ( x j z mu* :5 !y talk ( ! 8_w well lo/40 ,a/ronomically speak+1 ,i und]/& t ,engl& is situat$ on ! _w2 simil>ly1 ,i suppose t ! ,*ur* 0 a "p ( ! _w1 & ev5 ! lov]s inhabitants ( t orb4 ,b !y all felt a c]ta9 tru?--! tru? t ! mom5t y love any?+ ! _w becomes y\r foe4 ,?us ,mr4 ,kipl+ does c]ta9ly "k ! _w2 he is a man ( ! _w1 ) all ! n>r[ness t belongs to ^? imprison$ 9 t planet4 ,he kn[s ,engl& z an intellig5t ,engli% g5tleman kn[s ,v5ice4 ,he has be5 to ,engl& a great _m times2 he has /opp$ !re = long visits4 ,b he does n belong to x1 or to any place2 & ! pro( ( x is ?is1 t he ?9ks ( ,engl& z a place4 ,! mom5t we are root$ 9 a place1 ! place vani%es4 ,we live l a tree ) ! :ole /r5g? ( ! univ]se4 ,! globe-trott] lives 9 a small] _w ?an ! peasant4 ,he is always brea?+1 an air ( locality4 ,london is a place1 to be comp>$ to ,*icago2 ,*icago is a place1 to be comp>$ to ,timbuctoo4 ,b ,timbuctoo is n a place1 s9ce !re1 at lea/1 live m5 :o reg>d x z ! univ]se1 & brea!1 n an air ( locality1 b ! w9ds ( ! _w4 ,! man 9 ! saloon /eam] has se5 all ! races ( m51 & he is ?9k+ ( ! ?+s t divide m5--diet1 dress1 decorum1 r+s 9 ! nose z 9 ,africa1 or 9 ! e>s z 9 ,europe1 blue pa9t among ! anci5ts1 or r$ pa9t among ! mod]n ,britons4 ,! man 9 ! cabbage field has se5 no?+ at all2 b he is ?9k+ ( ! ?+s t unite m5--hung] & babies1 & ! beauty ( wom51 & ! promise or m5ace ( ! sky4 ,mr4 ,kipl+1 ) all 8 m]its1 is ! globe-trott]2 he has n ! pati5ce to become "p ( any?+4 ,s great & g5u9e a man is n to be accus$ ( a m]ely cynical cosmopolitanism2 /ill1 8 cosmopolitanism is 8 weakness4 ,t weakness is spl5didly express$ 9 "o ( 8 f9e/ poems1 8,! ,se/9a ( ! ,tramp ,royal10 9 :i* a man decl>es t he c endure any?+ 9 ! way ( hung] or horror1 b n p]man5t pres5ce 9 "o place4 ,9 ?is !re is c]ta9ly dang]4 ,! m dead & dry & du/y a ?+ is ! m x travels ab\t2 du/ is l ?is & ! ?i/le-d[n & ! ,high ,commission] 9 ,s\? ,africa4 ,f]tile ?+s are some:at heavi]1 l ! heavy fruit trees on ! pregnant mud ( ! ,nile4 ,9 ! heat$ idl5ess ( y\? we 7 all r incl9$ to qu>rel ) ! implication ( t prov]b :i* says t a roll+ /one ga!rs no moss4 ,we 7 incl9$ to ask1 8,:o wants to ga!r moss1 except silly old ladies80 ,b = all t we beg9 to p]ceive t ! prov]b is "r4 ,! roll+ /one rolls e*o+ f rock to rock2 b ! roll+ /one is dead4 ,! moss is sil5t because ! moss is alive4 ,! tru? is t exploration & enl>gem5t make ! _w small]4 ,! telegraph & ! /eamboat make ! _w small]4 ,! telescope makes ! _w small]2 x is only ! microscope t makes x l>g]4 ,be=e long ! _w w be clov5 ) a w> betwe5 ! telescopi/s & ! microscopi/s4 ,! fir/ /udy l>ge ?+s & live 9 a small _w2 ! second /udy small ?+s & live 9 a l>ge _w4 ,x is inspirit+ )\t d\bt to :izz 9 a motor-c> r\nd ! e>?1 to feel ,arabia z a :irl ( s& or ,*9a z a fla% ( rice-fields4 ,b ,arabia is n a :irl ( s& & ,*9a is n a fla% ( rice-fields4 ,!y are anci5t civilizations ) /range virtues buri$ l treasures4 ,if we wi% to und]/& !m x mu/ n be z t\ri/s or inquir]s1 x mu/ be ) ! loyalty ( *ildr5 & ! great pati5ce ( poets4 ,to conqu] ^! places is to lose !m4 ,! man /&+ 9 8 own kit*5-g>d51 ) fairyl& op5+ at ! gate1 is ! man ) l>ge ideas4 ,8 m9d creates di/ance2 ! motor-c> /upidly de/roys x4 ,mod]ns ?9k ( ! e>? z a globe1 z some?+ "o c easily get r\nd1 ! _s ( a s*oolmi/ress4 ,?is is %[n 9 ! odd mi/ake p]petually made ab\t ,cecil ,rhodes4 ,8 enemies say t he may h _h l>ge ideas1 b he 0 a bad man4 ,8 fri5ds say t he may h be5 a bad man1 b he c]ta9ly _h l>ge ideas4 ,! tru? is t he 0 n a man ess5tially bad1 he 0 a man ( mu* g5iality & _m good int5tions1 b a man ) s+ul>ly small views4 ,!re is no?+ l>ge ab\t pa9t+ ! map r$2 x is an innoc5t game = *ildr54 ,x is j z easy to ?9k 9 cont95ts z to ?9k 9 cobble-/ones4 ,! difficulty comes 9 :5 we seek to "k ! sub/ance ( ei!r ( !m4 ,rhodes' prophecies ab\t ! ,bo] resi/ance are an admirable comm5t on h[ ! 8l>ge ideas0 prosp] :5 x is n a "q ( ?9k+ 9 cont95ts b ( und]/&+ a few two-legg$ m54 ,& "u all ?is va/ illusion ( ! cosmopolitan planet1 ) its empires & its ,reut]'s ag5cy1 ! real life ( man goes on conc]n$ ) ?is tree or t temple1 ) ?is h>ve/ or t dr9k+-song1 totally uncompreh5d$1 totally unt\*$4 ,& x wat*es f its spl5did p>o*ialism1 possibly ) a smile ( amusem5t1 motor-c> civilization go+ its triumphant way1 out/ripp+ "t1 consum+ space1 see+ all & see+ no?+1 ro>+ on at la/ to ! capture ( ! sol> sy/em1 only to f9d ! sun cockney & ! />s suburban4 ,,iv4 ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw ,9 ! glad old days1 be=e ! rise ( mod]n morbidities1 :5 g5ial old ,ibs5 fill$ ! _w ) :olesome joy1 & ! k9dly tales ( ! =gott5 ,emile ,zola kept our firesides m]ry & pure1 x us$ to be ?\ght a disadvantage to be misund]/ood4 ,x may be d\bt$ :e!r x is always or ev5 g5]ally a disadvantage4 ,! man :o is misund]/ood has always ?is advantage ov] 8 enemies1 t !y d n "k 8 weak po9t or 8 plan ( campaign4 ,!y g out aga9/ a bird ) nets & aga9/ a fi% ) arr[s4 ,!re are sev]al mod]n examples ( ?is situation4 ,mr4 ,*amb]la91 = in/ance1 is a v good "o4 ,he con/antly eludes or vanqui%es 8 oppon5ts because 8 real p[]s & defici5cies are q diff]5t to ^? ) :i* he is cr$it$1 bo? by fri5ds & foes4 ,8 fri5ds depict him z a /r5u\s man ( action2 8 oppon5ts depict him z a co>se man ( bus9ess2 :51 z a fact1 he is nei!r "o nor ! o!r1 b an admirable romantic orator & romantic actor4 ,he has "o p[] :i* is ! s\l ( melodrama--! p[] ( pret5d+1 ev5 :5 back$ by a huge majority1 t he has 8 back to ! wall4 ,= all mobs are s f> *ivalr\s t _! h]oes mu/ make "s %[ ( mis=tune--t sort ( hypocrisy is ! homage t /r5g? pays to weakness4 ,he talks fooli%ly & yet v f9ely ab\t 8 own city t has nev] des]t$ him4 ,he we>s a flam+ & fanta/ic fl[]1 l a decad5t m9or poet4 ,z = 8 bluffness & t\ghness & appeals to common s5se1 all t is1 ( c\rse1 simply ! fir/ trick ( rhetoric4 ,he fronts 8 audi5ces ) ! v5]able affectation ( ,m>k ,antony-- 8,i am no orator1 z ,brutus is2 ,b z y "k me all1 a pla9 blunt man40 ,x is ! :ole diff]5ce betwe5 ! aim ( ! orator & ! aim ( any o!r arti/1 su* z ! poet or ! sculptor4 ,! aim ( ! sculptor is to conv9ce u t he is a sculptor2 ! aim ( ! orator1 is to conv9ce u t he is n an orator4 ,once let ,mr4 ,*amb]la9 be mi/ak5 = a practical man1 & 8 game is won4 ,he has only to compose a !me on empire1 & p w say t ^! pla9 m5 say great ?+s on great occasions4 ,he has only to drift 9 ! l>ge loose notions common to all arti/s ( ! second rank1 & p w say t bus9ess m5 h ! bigge/ ideals aft] all4 ,all 8 s*emes h end$ 9 smoke2 he has t\*$ no?+ t he did n confuse4 ,ab\t 8 figure !re is a ,celtic pa?os2 l ! ,gaels 9 ,mat!w ,arnold's quotation1 8he w5t =? to battle1 b he always fell40 ,he is a m\nta9 ( proposals1 a m\nta9 ( failures2 b /ill a m\nta94 ,& a m\nta9 is always romantic4 ,!re is ano!r man 9 ! mod]n _w :o might be call$ ! anti!sis ( ,mr4 ,*amb]la9 9 e po9t1 :o is also a /&+ monum5t ( ! advantage ( be+ misund]/ood4 ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw is always repres5t$ by ^? :o disagree ) him1 &1 ,i fe>1 also 7if su* exi/7 by ^? :o agree ) him1 z a cap]+ humori/1 a dazzl+ acrobat1 a quick-*ange arti/4 ,x is said t he _c be tak5 s]i\sly1 t he w def5d any?+ or attack any?+1 t he w d any?+ to />tle & amuse4 ,all ?is is n only untrue1 b x is1 gl>+ly1 ! opposite ( ! tru?2 x is z wild z to say t ,dick5s _h n ! boi/]\s mascul9ity ( ,jane ,au/54 ,! :ole =ce & triumph ( ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw lie 9 ! fact t he is a ?or\ghly consi/5t man4 ,s f> f 8 p[] consi/+ 9 jump+ ?r\gh hoops or /&+ on 8 head1 8 p[] consi/s 9 hold+ 8 own =tress night & day4 ,he puts ! ,%aw te/ rapidly & rigor\sly to ev]y?+ t happ5s 9 heav5 or e>?4 ,8 /&>d nev] v>ies4 ,! ?+ :i* weak-m9d$ revolutioni/s & weak-m9d$ ,cons]vatives really hate 7& fe>7 9 him1 is exactly ?is1 t 8 scales1 su* z !y are1 are held ev51 & t 8 law1 su* z x is1 is ju/ly en=c$4 ,y may attack 8 pr9ciples1 z ,i d2 b ,i d n "k ( any in/ance 9 :i* y c attack _! application4 ,if he dislikes lawlessness1 he dislikes ! lawlessness ( ,sociali/s z mu* z t ( ,individuali/s4 ,if he dislikes ! fev] ( patriotism1 he dislikes x 9 ,bo]s & ,iri%m5 z well z 9 ,engli%m54 ,if he dislikes ! v[s & bonds ( m>riage1 he dislikes /ill m ! fi]c] bonds & wild] v[s t are made by lawless love4 ,if he laughs at ! au?ority ( prie/s1 he laughs l\d] at ! pomposity ( m5 ( sci5ce4 ,if he condemns ! irresponsibility ( fai?1 he condemns ) a sane consi/5cy ! equal irresponsibility ( art4 ,he has pleas$ all ! bohemians by say+ t wom5 are equal to m52 b he has infuriat$ !m by sugge/+ t m5 are equal to wom54 ,he is almo/ me*anically j2 he has some?+ ( ! t]rible quality ( a ma*9e4 ,! man :o is really wild & :irl+1 ! man :o is really fanta/ic & incalculable1 is n ,mr4 ,%aw1 b ! av]age ,cab9et ,m9i/]4 ,x is ,sir ,mi*ael ,hicks-,bea* :o jumps ?r\gh hoops4 ,x is ,sir ,h5ry ,f[l] :o /&s on 8 head4 ,! solid & respectable /atesman ( t type does really leap f position to position2 he is really ready to def5d any?+ or no?+2 he is really n to be tak5 s]i\sly4 ,i "k p]fectly well :at ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw w be say+ ?irty ye>s h5ce2 he w be say+ :at he has always said4 ,if ?irty ye>s h5ce ,i meet ,mr4 ,%aw1 a rev]5t be+ ) a silv] be>d sweep+ ! e>?1 & say to him1 8,"o c nev]1 ( c\rse1 make a v]bal attack ^u a lady10 ! patri>* w lift 8 ag$ h& & fell me to ! e>?4 ,we "k1 ,i say1 :at ,mr4 ,%aw w be1 say+ ?irty ye>s h5ce4 ,b is !re any "o s d>kly read 9 />s & oracles t he w d>e to pr$ict :at ,mr4 ,asqui? w be say+ ?irty ye>s h5ce8 ,! tru? is1 t x is q an error to suppose t abs5ce ( def9ite convictions gives ! m9d fre$om & agility4 ,a man :o believes some?+ is ready & witty1 because he has all 8 weapons ab\t him4 ,he c apply 8 te/ 9 an in/ant4 ,! man engag$ 9 conflict ) a man l ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw may fancy he has t5 faces2 simil>ly a man engag$ aga9/ a brilliant duelli/ may fancy t ! sword ( 8 foe has turn$ to t5 swords 9 8 h&4 ,b ?is is n really because ! man is play+ ) t5 swords1 x is because he is aim+ v /raight ) "o4 ,moreov]1 a man ) a def9ite belief always appe>s biz>re1 because he does n *ange ) ! _w2 he has climb$ into a fix$ />1 & ! e>? :izzes bel[ him l a zoetrope4 ,millions ( mild black-coat$ m5 call !mselves sane & s5sible m]ely because !y always cat* ! fa%ionable insanity1 because !y are hurri$ into madness aft] madness by ! mael/rom ( ! _w4 ,p accuse ,mr4 ,%aw & _m mu* silli] p]sons ( 8prov+ t black is :ite40 ,b !y nev] ask :e!r ! curr5t col\r-language is always correct4 ,ord9>y s5sible phraseology sometimes calls black :ite1 x c]ta9ly calls yell[ :ite & gre5 :ite & r$di%-br[n :ite4 ,we call w9e 8:ite w9e0 :i* is z yell[ z a ,blue-coat boy's legs4 ,we call grapes 8:ite grapes0 :i* are manife/ly pale gre54 ,we give to ! ,european1 ^: complexion is a sort ( p9k drab1 ! horrible title ( a 8:ite man0--a picture m blood-curdl+ ?an any spectre 9 ,poe4 ,n[1 x is und\bt$ly true t if a man ask$ a wait] 9 a re/aurant = a bottle ( yell[ w9e & "s gre5i%-yell[ grapes1 ! wait] w\ld ?9k him mad4 ,x is und\bt$ly true t if a ,gov]nm5t (ficial1 report+ on ! ,europeans 9 ,burmah1 said1 8,!re are only two ?\s& p9ki% m5 "h0 he w\ld be accus$ ( crack+ jokes1 & kick$ out ( 8 po/4 ,b x is equally obvi\s t bo? m5 w\ld h come to grief ?r\gh tell+ ! /rict tru?4 ,t too tru?ful man 9 ! re/aurant2 t too tru?ful man 9 ,burmah1 is ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw4 ,he appe>s ecc5tric & grotesque because he w n accept ! g5]al belief t :ite is yell[4 ,he has bas$ all 8 brilliancy & solidity ^u ! hackney$1 b yet =gott51 fact t tru? is /rang] ?an fiction4 ,tru?1 ( c\rse1 mu/ ( necessity be /rang] ?an fiction1 = we h made fiction to suit ourselves4 ,s mu* !n a reasonable appreciation w f9d 9 ,mr4 ,%aw to be brac+ & excell5t4 ,he claims to see ?+s z !y are2 & "s ?+s1 at any rate1 he does see z !y are1 :i* ! :ole ( our civilization does n see at all4 ,b 9 ,mr4 ,%aw's realism !re is some?+ lack+1 & t ?+ :i* is lack+ is s]i\s4 ,mr4 ,%aw's old & recogniz$ philosophy 0 t p[]fully pres5t$ 9 8,! ,qu9tess5ce ( ,ibs5ism40 ,x 01 9 brief1 t cons]vative ideals 7 bad1 n because !y 7 cons]vative1 b because !y 7 ideals4 ,e ideal prev5t$ m5 f judg+ ju/ly ! p>ticul> case2 e moral g5]alization oppress$ ! individual2 ! gold5 rule 0 !re 0 no gold5 rule4 ,& ! objection to ?is is simply t x pret5ds to free m51 b really re/ra9s !m f do+ ! only ?+ t m5 want to d4 ,:at is ! good ( tell+ a community t x has e lib]ty except ! lib]ty to make laws8 ,! lib]ty to make laws is :at con/itutes a free p4 ,& :at is ! good ( tell+ a man 7or a philosoph]7 t he has e lib]ty except ! lib]ty to make g5]alizations4 ,mak+ g5]alizations is :at makes him a man4 ,9 %ort1 :5 ,mr4 ,%aw =bids m5 to h /rict moral ideals1 he is act+ l "o :o %\ld =bid !m to h *ildr54 ,! say+ t 8! gold5 rule is t !re is no gold5 rule10 c1 inde$1 be simply answ]$ by be+ turn$ r\nd4 ,t !re is no gold5 rule is itself a gold5 rule1 or r x is mu* worse ?an a gold5 rule4 ,x is an iron rule2 a fett] on ! fir/ movem5t ( a man4 ,b ! s5sation connect$ ) ,mr4 ,%aw 9 rec5t ye>s has be5 8 sudd5 developm5t ( ! religion ( ! ,sup]man4 ,he :o _h to all appe>ance mock$ at ! fai?s 9 ! =gott5 pa/ discov]$ a new god 9 ! unimag9able future4 ,he :o _h laid all ! blame on ideals set up ! mo/ impossible ( all ideals1 ! ideal ( a new creature4 ,b ! tru?1 nev]!less1 is t any "o :o kn[s ,mr4 ,%aw's m9d adequately1 & admires x prop]ly1 mu/ h guess$ all ?is long ago4 ,= ! tru? is t ,mr4 ,%aw has nev] se5 ?+s z !y really are4 ,if he _h he w\ld h fall5 on 8 knees be=e !m4 ,he has always _h a secret ideal t has )]$ all ! ?+s ( ?is _w4 ,he has all ! "t be5 sil5tly comp>+ humanity ) some?+ t 0 n human1 ) a mon/] f ,m>s1 ) ! ,wise ,man ( ! ,/oics1 ) ! ,economic ,man ( ! ,fabians1 ) ,julius ,caes>1 ) ,siegfri$1 ) ! ,sup]man4 ,n[1 to h ?is inn] & m]ciless /&>d may be a v good ?+1 or a v bad "o1 x may be excell5t or un=tunate1 b x is n see+ ?+s z !y are4 ,x is n see+ ?+s z !y are to ?9k fir/ ( a ,bri>eus ) a hundr$ h&s1 & !n call e man a cripple = only hav+ two4 ,x is n see+ ?+s z !y are to />t ) a vision ( ,argus ) 8 hundr$ eyes1 & !n je] at e man ) two eyes z if he _h only "o4 ,& x is n see+ ?+s z !y are to imag9e a demigod ( inf9ite m5tal cl>ity1 :o may or may n appe> 9 ! latt] days ( ! e>?1 & !n to see all m5 z idiots4 ,& ?is is :at ,mr4 ,%aw has always 9 "s degree done4 ,:5 we really see m5 z !y are1 we d n criticise1 b wor%ip2 & v rightly4 ,= a mon/] ) my/]i\s eyes & miracul\s ?umbs1 ) /range dreams 9 8 skull1 & a que] t5d]ness = ?is place or t baby1 is truly a wond]ful & unn]v+ matt]4 ,x is only ! q arbitr>y & priggi% habit ( comp>ison ) some?+ else :i* makes x possible to be at our ease 9 front ( him4 ,a s5tim5t ( sup]iority keeps u cool & practical2 ! m]e facts w\ld make our knees knock "u z ) religi\s fe>4 ,x is ! fact t e in/ant ( consci\s life is an unimag9able prodigy4 ,x is ! fact t e face 9 ! /reet has ! incr$ible unexpect$ness ( a fairy-tale4 ,! ?+ :i* prev5ts a man f realiz+ ?is is n any cle>-sight$ness or exp]i5ce1 x is simply a habit ( p$antic & fa/idi\s comp>isons betwe5 "o ?+ & ano!r4 ,mr4 ,%aw1 on ! practical side p]haps ! mo/ humane man alive1 is 9 ?is s5se inhumane4 ,he has ev5 be5 infect$ to "s ext5t ) ! prim>y intellectual weakness ( 8 new ma/]1 ,nietzs*e1 ! /range notion t ! great] & /rong] a man 0 ! m he w\ld despise o!r ?+s4 ,! great] & /rong] a man is ! m he w\ld be incl9$ to pro/rate himself be=e a p]iw9kle4 ,t ,mr4 ,%aw keeps a lift$ head & a contemptu\s face be=e ! colossal panorama ( empires & civilizations1 ?is does n 9 itself conv9ce "o t he sees ?+s z !y are4 ,i %\ld be mo/ effectively conv9c$ t he did if ,i f\nd him />+ ) religi\s a/oni%m5t at 8 own feet4 8,:at are ^? two beautiful & indu/ri\s be+s10 ,i c imag9e him murmur+ to himself1 8:om ,i see ev]y:]e1 s]v+ me ,i "k n :y8 ,:at fairy godmo!r bade !m come trott+ out ( elfl& :5 ,i 0 born8 ,:at god ( ! bord]l&1 :at b>b>ic god ( legs1 mu/ ,i propitiate ) fire & w9e1 le/ !y run away ) me80 ,! tru? is1 t all g5u9e appreciation re/s on a c]ta9 my/]y ( humility & almo/ ( d>kness4 ,! man :o said1 8,bless$ is he t expecte? no?+1 = he %all n be disappo9t$10 put ! eulogy q inadequately & ev5 falsely4 ,! tru? 8,bless$ is he t expecte? no?+1 = he %all be glori\sly surpris$40 ,! man :o expects no?+ sees r$d] roses ?an common m5 c see1 & gre5] grass1 & a m />tl+ sun4 ,bless$ is he t expecte? no?+1 = he %all possess ! cities & ! m\nta9s2 bless$ is ! meek1 = he %all inh]it ! e>?4 ,until we realize t ?+s might n be we _c realize t ?+s are4 ,until we see ! backgr\nd ( d>kness we _c admire ! light z a s+le & creat$ ?+4 ,z soon z we h se5 t d>kness1 all light is light5+1 sudd51 bl9d+1 & div9e4 ,until we picture non5tity we und]rate ! victory ( ,god1 & c realize none ( ! trophies ( ,8 anci5t w>4 ,x is "o ( ! million wild je/s ( tru? t we "k no?+ until we "k no?+4 ,n[ ?is is1 ,i say delib]ately1 ! only defect 9 ! greatness ( ,mr4 ,%aw1 ! only answ] to 8 claim to be a great man1 t he is n easily pleas$4 ,he is an almo/ solit>y exception to ! g5]al & ess5tial maxim1 t little ?+s please great m9ds4 ,& f ?is abs5ce ( t mo/ upro>i\s ( all ?+s1 humility1 comes incid5tally ! peculi> insi/5ce on ! ,sup]man4 ,aft] belab\r+ a great _m p = a great _m ye>s = be+ unprogressive1 ,mr4 ,%aw has discov]$1 ) *>act]i/ic s5se1 t x is v d\btful :e!r any exi/+ human be+ ) two legs c be progressive at all4 ,hav+ come to d\bt :e!r humanity c be comb9$ ) progress1 mo/ p1 easily pleas$1 w\ld h elect$ to ab&on progress & rema9 ) humanity4 ,mr4 ,%aw1 n be+ easily pleas$1 decides to ?r[ ov] humanity ) all its limitations & g 9 = progress = its own sake4 ,if man1 z we "k him1 is incapable ( ! philosophy ( progress1 ,mr4 ,%aw asks1 n = a new k9d ( philosophy1 b = a new k9d ( man4 ,x is r z if a nurse _h tri$ a r bitt] food = "s ye>s on a baby1 & on discov]+ t x 0 n suitable1 %\ld n ?r[ away ! food & ask = a new food1 b ?r[ ! baby out ( w9d[1 & ask = a new baby4 ,mr4 ,%aw _c und]/& t ! ?+ :i* is valuable & lovable 9 our eyes is man--! old be]-dr9k+1 cre$-mak+1 fight+1 fail+1 s5sual1 respectable man4 ,& ! ?+s t h be5 f\nd$ on ?is creature immortally rema92 ! ?+s t h be5 f\nd$ on ! fancy ( ! ,sup]man h di$ ) ! dy+ civilizations :i* alone h giv5 !m bir?4 ,:5 ,*ri/ at a symbolic mom5t 0 e/abli%+ ,8 great society1 ,he *ose = its corn]-/one nei!r ! brilliant ,paul nor ! my/ic ,john1 b a %uffl]1 a snob a c[>d--9 a ^w1 a man4 ,& ^u ?is rock ,he has built ,8 ,*ur*1 & ! gates ( ,hell h n prevail$ aga9/ x4 ,all ! empires & ! k+doms h fail$1 because ( ?is inh]5t & cont9ual weakness1 t !y 7 f\nd$ by /rong m5 & ^u /rong m54 ,b ?is "o ?+1 ! hi/oric ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 0 f\nd$ on a weak man1 & = t reason x is inde/ructible4 ,= no *a9 is /rong] ?an its weake/ l9k4 ,v4 ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells & ! ,giants ,we ought to see f> en\gh into a hypocrite to see ev5 8 s9c]ity4 ,we ought to be int]e/$ 9 t d>ke/ & mo/ real "p ( a man 9 :i* dwell n ! vices t he does n display1 b ! virtues t he _c4 ,& ! m we approa* ! problems ( human hi/ory ) ?is ke5 & pi]c+ *>ity1 ! small] & small] space we %all all[ to pure hypocrisy ( any k9d4 ,! hypocrites %all n deceive u into ?9k+ !m sa9ts2 b nei!r %all !y deceive u into ?9k+ !m hypocrites4 ,& an increas+ numb] ( cases w cr[d into our field ( inquiry1 cases 9 :i* !re is really no "q ( hypocrisy at all1 cases 9 :i* p 7 s +5u\s t !y seem$ absurd1 & s absurd t !y seem$ dis+5u\s4 ,!re is "o /rik+ in/ance ( an unfair *>ge ( hypocrisy4 ,x is always urg$ aga9/ ! religi\s 9 ! pa/1 z a po9t ( inconsi/5cy & duplicity1 t !y comb9$ a pr(ession ( almo/ crawl+ humility ) a ke5 /ruggle = e>?ly success & consid]able triumph 9 atta9+ x4 ,x is felt z a piece ( humbug1 t a man %\ld be v punctili\s 9 call+ himself a mis]able s9n]1 & also v punctili\s 9 call+ himself ,k+ ( ,france4 ,b ! tru? is t !re is no m consci\s inconsi/5cy betwe5 ! humility ( a ,*ri/ian & ! rapacity ( a ,*ri/ian ?an !re is betwe5 ! humility ( a lov] & ! rapacity ( a lov]4 ,! tru? is t !re are no ?+s = :i* m5 w make su* h]culean ef=ts z ! ?+s ( :i* !y "k !y are unwor?y4 ,!re nev] 0 a man 9 love :o did n decl>e t1 if he /ra9$ e n]ve to break+1 he 0 go+ to h 8 desire4 ,& !re nev] 0 a man 9 love :o did n decl>e also t he ought n to h x4 ,! :ole secret ( ! practical success ( ,*ri/5dom lies 9 ! ,*ri/ian humility1 h[ev] imp]fectly fulfill$4 ,= ) ! removal ( all "q ( m]it or paym5t1 ! s\l is sudd5ly releas$ = incr$ible voyages4 ,if we ask a sane man h[ mu* he m]its1 8 m9d %r9ks in/9ctively & in/antane\sly4 ,x is d\btful :e!r he m]its six feet ( e>?4 ,b if y ask him :at he c conqu]--he c conqu] ! />s4 ,?us comes ! ?+ call$ ,romance1 a purely ,*ri/ian product4 ,a man _c des]ve adv5tures2 he _c e>n dragons & hippogriffs4 ,! m$iaeval ,europe :i* ass]t$ humility ga9$ ,romance2 ! civilization :i* ga9$ ,romance has ga9$ ! habitable globe4 ,h[ diff]5t ! ,pagan & ,/oical feel+ 0 f ?is has be5 admirably express$ 9 a fam\s quotation4 ,addison makes ! great ,/oic say-- 8',tis n 9 mortals to comm& success2 ,b we'll d m1 ,sempronius1 we'll des]ve x40 ,b ! _s ( ,romance & ,*ri/5dom1 ! _s :i* is 9 e lov]1 ! _s :i* has be/ridd5 ! e>? ) ,european adv5ture1 is q opposite4 ',tis n 9 mortals to des]ve success4 ,b we'll d m1 ,sempronius2 we'll obta9 x4 ,& ?is gay humility1 ?is hold+ ( ourselves lightly & yet ready = an inf9ity ( unm]it$ triumphs1 ?is secret is s simple t e "o has suppos$ t x mu/ be some?+ q s9i/] & my/]i\s4 ,humility is s practical a virtue t m5 ?9k x mu/ be a vice4 ,humility is s successful t x is mi/ak5 = pride4 ,x is mi/ak5 = x all ! m easily because x g5]ally goes ) a c]ta9 simple love ( spl5d\r :i* am\nts to vanity4 ,humility w always1 by pref]5ce1 g clad 9 sc>let & gold2 pride is t :i* refuses to let gold & sc>let impress x or please x too mu*4 ,9 a ^w1 ! failure ( ?is virtue actually lies 9 its success2 x is too successful z an inve/m5t to be believ$ 9 z a virtue4 ,humility is n m]ely too good = ?is _w2 x is too practical = ?is _w2 ,i _h almo/ said x is too worldly = ?is _w4 ,! in/ance mo/ quot$ 9 our day is ! ?+ call$ ! humility ( ! man ( sci5ce2 & c]ta9ly x is a good in/ance z well z a mod]n "o4 ,m5 f9d x extremely difficult to believe t a man :o is obvi\sly uproot+ m\nta9s & divid+ seas1 te>+ d[n temples & /ret*+ out h&s to ! />s1 is really a quiet old g5tleman :o only asks to be all[$ to indulge 8 h>mless old hobby & foll[ 8 h>mless old nose4 ,:5 a man splits a gra9 ( s& & ! univ]se is turn$ upside d[n 9 consequ5ce1 x is difficult to realize t to ! man :o did x1 ! splitt+ ( ! gra9 is ! great affair1 & ! capsiz+ ( ! cosmos q a small "o4 ,x is h>d to ent] into ! feel+s ( a man :o reg>ds a new heav5 & a new e>? 9 ! light ( a by-product4 ,b und\bt$ly x 0 to ?is almo/ e]ie innoc5ce ( ! intellect t ! great m5 ( ! great sci5tific p]iod1 :i* n[ appe>s to be clos+1 ow$ _! enorm\s p[] & triumph4 ,if !y _h br\ght ! heav5s d[n l a h\se ( c>ds _! plea 0 n ev5 t !y _h done x on pr9ciple2 _! q unansw]able plea 0 t !y _h done x by accid5t4 ,:5ev] !re 0 9 !m ! lea/ t\* ( pride 9 :at !y _h done1 !re 0 a good gr\nd = attack+ !m2 b s long z !y 7 :olly humble1 !y 7 :olly victori\s4 ,!re 7 possible answ]s to ,huxley2 !re 0 no answ] possible to ,d>w94 ,he 0 conv9c+ because ( 8 unconsci\sness2 "o might almo/ say because ( 8 dulness4 ,?is *ildlike & prosaic m9d is beg9n+ to wane 9 ! _w ( sci5ce4 ,m5 ( sci5ce are beg9n+ to see !mselves1 z ! f9e phrase is1 9 ! "p2 !y are beg9n+ to be pr\d ( _! humility4 ,!y are beg9n+ to be ae/hetic1 l ! re/ ( ! _w1 beg9n+ to spell tru? ) a capital ,t1 beg9n+ to talk ( ! cre$s !y imag9e !mselves to h de/roy$1 ( ! discov]ies t _! =be>s made4 ,l ! mod]n ,engli%1 !y are beg9n+ to be s(t ab\t _! own h>dness4 ,!y are becom+ consci\s ( _! own /r5g?--t is1 !y are gr[+ weak]4 ,b "o purely mod]n man has em]g$ 9 ! /rictly mod]n decades :o does c>ry into our _w ! cle> p]sonal simplicity ( ! old _w ( sci5ce4 ,"o man ( g5ius we h :o is an arti/1 b :o 0 a man ( sci5ce1 & :o seems to be m>k$ above all ?+s ) ?is great sci5tific humility4 ,i mean ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells4 ,& 9 8 case1 z 9 ! o!rs above spok5 (1 !re mu/ be a great prelim9>y difficulty 9 conv9c+ ! ord9>y p]son t su* a virtue is pr$icable ( su* a man4 ,mr4 ,wells began 8 lit]>y "w ) viol5t visions--visions ( ! la/ pangs ( ?is planet2 c x be t a man :o beg9s ) viol5t visions is humble8 ,he w5t on to wild] & wild] /ories ab\t c>v+ bea/s into m5 & %oot+ angels l birds4 ,is ! man :o %oots angels & c>ves bea/s into m5 humble8 ,s9ce !n he has done some?+ bold] ?an ei!r ( ^! blasphemies2 he has prophesi$ ! political future ( all m52 prophesi$ x ) aggressive au?ority & a r++ decision ( detail4 ,is ! prophet ( ! future ( all m5 humble8 ,x w inde$ be difficult1 9 ! pres5t condition ( curr5t ?\ght ab\t su* ?+s z pride & humility1 to answ] ! qu]y ( h[ a man c be humble :o does su* big ?+s & su* bold ?+s4 ,= ! only answ] is ! answ] :i* ,i gave at ! beg9n+ ( ?is essay4 ,x is ! humble man :o does ! big ?+s4 ,x is ! humble man :o does ! bold ?+s4 ,x is ! humble man :o has ! s5sational sights v\*saf$ to him1 & ?is = ?ree obvi\s reasons3 fir/1 t he /ra9s 8 eyes m ?an any o!r m5 to see !m2 second1 t he is m ov]:elm$ & uplift$ ) !m :5 !y come2 ?ird1 t he records !m m exactly & s9c]ely & ) less adult]ation f 8 m commonplace & m conceit$ ev]yday self4 ,adv5tures are to ^? to :om !y are mo/ unexpect$--t is1 mo/ romantic4 ,adv5tures are to ! %y3 9 ?is s5se adv5tures are to ! unadv5tur\s4 ,n[1 ?is arre/+1 m5tal humility 9 ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells may be1 l a great _m o!r ?+s t are vital & vivid1 difficult to illu/rate by examples1 b if ,i 7 ask$ = an example ( x1 ,i %\ld h no difficulty ab\t :i* example to beg9 )4 ,! mo/ int]e/+ ?+ ab\t ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells is t he is ! only "o ( 8 _m brilliant contempor>ies :o has n /opp$ gr[+4 ,"o c lie awake at night & he> him gr[4 ,( ?is gr[? ! mo/ evid5t manife/ation is inde$ a gradual *ange ( op9ions2 b x is no m]e *ange ( op9ions4 ,x is n a p]petual leap+ f "o position to ano!r l t ( ,mr4 ,george ,moore4 ,x is a q cont9u\s advance along a q solid road 9 a q def9able direction4 ,b ! *ief pro( t x is n a piece ( fickl5ess & vanity is ! fact t x has be5 ^u ! :ole an advance f m />tl+ op9ions to m humdrum op9ions4 ,x has be5 ev5 9 "s s5se an advance f unconv5tional op9ions to conv5tional op9ions4 ,?is fact fixes ,mr4 ,wells's hone/y & proves him to be no poseur4 ,mr4 ,wells once held t ! upp] classes & ! l[] classes w\ld be s mu* diff]5tiat$ 9 ! future t "o class w\ld eat ! o!r4 ,c]ta9ly no p>adoxical *>latan :o _h once f\nd argum5ts = s />tl+ a view w\ld ev] h des]t$ x except = some?+ yet m />tl+4 ,mr4 ,wells has des]t$ x 9 fav\r ( ! blameless belief t bo? classes w be ultimately subord9at$ or assimilat$ to a sort ( sci5tific middle class1 a class ( eng9e]s4 ,he has ab&on$ ! s5sational !ory ) ! same hon\rable gravity & simplicity ) :i* he adopt$ x4 ,!n he ?\ght x 0 true2 n[ he ?9ks x is n true4 ,he has come to ! mo/ dreadful conclusion a lit]>y man c come to1 ! conclusion t ! ord9>y view is ! "r "o4 ,x is only ! la/ & wilde/ k9d ( c\rage t c /& on a t[] be=e t5 ?\s& p & tell !m t twice two is f\r4 ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells exi/s at pres5t 9 a gay & exhil>at+ progress ( cons]vativism4 ,he is f9d+ out m & m t conv5tions1 ?\gh sil5t1 are alive4 ,z good an example z any ( ?is humility & sanity ( 8 may be f\nd 9 8 *ange ( view on ! subject ( sci5ce & m>riage4 ,he once held1 ,i believe1 ! op9ion :i* "s s+ul> sociologi/s /ill hold1 t human creatures c\ld successfully be pair$ & br$ aft] ! mann] ( dogs or horses4 ,he no long] holds t view4 ,n only does he no long] hold t view1 b he has writt5 ab\t x 9 8,mank9d 9 ! ,mak+0 ) su* sma%+ s5se & hum\r1 t ,i f9d x difficult to believe t anybody else c hold x ei!r4 ,x is true t 8 *ief objection to ! proposal is t x is physically impossible1 :i* seems to me a v slight objection1 & almo/ negligible comp>$ ) ! o!rs4 ,! "o objection to sci5tific m>riage :i* is wor?y ( f9al att5tion is simply t su* a ?+ c\ld only be impos$ on un?9kable slaves & c[>ds4 ,i d n "k :e!r ! sci5tific m>riage-mong]s are "r 7z !y say7 or wrong 7z ,mr4 ,wells says7 9 say+ t m$ical sup]vision w\ld produce /rong & heal?y m54 ,i am only c]ta9 t if x did1 ! fir/ act ( ! /rong & heal?y m5 w\ld be to sma% ! m$ical sup]vision4 ,! mi/ake ( all t m$ical talk lies 9 ! v fact t x connects ! idea ( heal? ) ! idea ( c>e4 ,:at has heal? to d ) c>e8 ,heal? has to d ) c>elessness4 ,9 special & abnormal cases x is necess>y to h c>e4 ,:5 we are peculi>ly unheal?y x may be necess>y to be c>eful 9 ord] to be heal?y4 ,b ev5 !n we are only try+ to be heal?y 9 ord] to be c>eless4 ,if we are doctors we are speak+ to exceptionally sick m51 & !y ought to be told to be c>eful4 ,b :5 we are sociologi/s we are address+ ! normal man1 we are address+ humanity4 ,& humanity ought to be told to be recklessness itself4 ,= all ! fundam5tal functions ( a heal?y man ought emphatically to be p]=m$ ) pleasure & = pleasure2 !y emphatically ought n to be p]=m$ ) precaution or = precaution4 ,a man ought to eat because he has a good appetite to satisfy1 & emphatically n because he has a body to su/a94 ,a man ought to take ex]cise n because he is too fat1 b because he loves foils or horses or high m\nta9s1 & loves !m = _! own sake4 ,& a man ought to m>ry because he has fall5 9 love1 & emphatically n because ! _w requires to be populat$4 ,! food w really r5ovate 8 tissues z long z he is n ?9k+ ab\t 8 tissues4 ,! ex]cise w really get him into tra9+ s long z he is ?9k+ ab\t some?+ else4 ,& ! m>riage w really /& "s *ance ( produc+ a g5]\s-blood$ g5]ation if x _h its orig9 9 its own natural & g5]\s excitem5t4 ,x is ! fir/ law ( heal? t our necessities %\ld n be accept$ z necessities2 !y %\ld be accept$ z luxuries4 ,let u1 !n1 be c>eful ab\t ! small ?+s1 su* z a scrat* or a slight illness1 or any?+ t c be manag$ ) c>e4 ,b 9 ! "n ( all sanity1 let u be c>eless ab\t ! important ?+s1 su* z m>riage1 or ! f\nta9 ( our v life w fail4 ,mr4 ,wells1 h[ev]1 is n q cle> en\gh ( ! n>r[] sci5tific outlook to see t !re are "s ?+s :i* actually ought n to be sci5tific4 ,he is /ill slightly affect$ ) ! great sci5tific fallacy2 ,i mean ! habit ( beg9n+ n ) ! human s\l1 :i* is ! fir/ ?+ a man le>ns ab\t1 b ) "s su* ?+ z protoplasm1 :i* is ab\t ! la/4 ,! "o defect 9 8 spl5did m5tal equipm5t is t he does n suffici5tly all[ = ! /uff or mat]ial ( m54 ,9 8 new ,utopia he says1 = in/ance1 t a *ief po9t ( ! ,utopia w be a disbelief 9 orig9al s94 ,if he _h begun ) ! human s\l--t is1 if he _h begun on himself--he w\ld h f\nd orig9al s9 almo/ ! fir/ ?+ to be believ$ 94 ,he w\ld h f\nd1 to put ! matt] %ortly1 t a p]man5t possibility ( selfi%ness arises f ! m]e fact ( hav+ a self1 & n f any accid5ts ( education or ill-treatm5t4 ,& ! weakness ( all ,utopias is ?is1 t !y take ! greate/ difficulty ( man & assume x to be ov]come1 & !n give an elaborate acc\nt ( ! ov]com+ ( ! small] ones4 ,!y fir/ assume t no man w want m ?an 8 %>e1 & !n are v +5i\s 9 expla9+ :e!r 8 %>e w be deliv]$ by motor-c> or balloon4 ,& an ev5 /rong] example ( ,mr4 ,wells's indiff]5ce to ! human psy*ology c be f\nd 9 8 cosmopolitanism1 ! abolition 9 8 ,utopia ( all patriotic b\nd>ies4 ,he says 9 8 innoc5t way t ,utopia mu/ be a _w-/ate1 or else p might make w> on x4 ,x does n seem to occur to him t1 = a good _m ( u1 if x 7 a _w-/ate we %\ld /ill make w> on x to ! end ( ! _w4 ,= if we admit t !re mu/ be v>ieties 9 art or op9ion :at s5se is !re 9 ?9k+ !re w n be v>ieties 9 gov]nm5t8 ,! fact is v simple4 ,unless y are go+ delib]ately to prev5t a ?+ be+ good1 y _c prev5t x be+ wor? fight+ =4 ,x is impossible to prev5t a possible conflict ( civilizations1 because x is impossible to prev5t a possible conflict betwe5 ideals4 ,if !re 7 no long] our mod]n /rife betwe5 nations1 !re w\ld only be a /rife betwe5 ,utopias4 ,= ! highe/ ?+ does n t5d to union only2 ! highe/ ?+1 t5ds also to diff]5tiation4 ,y c (t5 get m5 to fight = ! union2 b y c nev] prev5t !m f fight+ also = ! diff]5tiation4 ,?is v>iety 9 ! highe/ ?+ is ! mean+ ( ! fi]ce patriotism1 ! fi]ce nationalism ( ! great ,european civilization4 ,x is also1 incid5tally1 ! mean+ ( ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,b ,i ?9k ! ma9 mi/ake ( ,mr4 ,wells's philosophy is a some:at deep] "o1 "o t he expresses 9 a v ent]ta9+ mann] 9 ! introductory "p ( ! new ,utopia4 ,8 philosophy 9 "s s5se am\nts to a d5ial ( ! possibility ( philosophy itself4 ,at lea/1 he ma9ta9s t !re are no secure & reliable ideas ^u :i* we c re/ ) a f9al m5tal satisfaction4 ,x w be bo? cle>]1 h[ev]1 & m amus+ to quote ,mr4 ,wells himself4 ,he says1 8,no?+ endures1 no?+ is precise & c]ta9 7except ! m9d ( a p$ant74444 ,be+ inde$6--!re is no be+1 b a univ]sal becom+ ( individualities1 & ,plato turn$ 8 back on tru? :5 he turn$ t[>ds 8 museum ( specific ideals40 ,mr4 ,wells says1 aga91 8,!re is no abid+ ?+ 9 :at we "k4 ,we *ange f weak] to /rong] lights1 & ea* m p[]ful light pi]ces our hi!rto opaque f\ndations & reveals fre% & diff]5t opacities bel[40 ,n[1 :5 ,mr4 ,wells says ?+s l ?is1 ,i speak ) all respect :5 ,i say t he does n obs]ve an evid5t m5tal di/9ction4 ,x _c be true t !re is no?+ abid+ 9 :at we "k4 ,= if t 7 s we %\ld n "k x all & %\ld n call x k4 ,our m5tal /ate may be v diff]5t f t ( somebody else "s ?\s&s ( ye>s back2 b x _c be entirely diff]5t1 or else we %\ld n be consci\s ( a diff]5ce4 ,mr4 ,wells mu/ surely realize ! fir/ & simple/ ( ! p>adoxes t sit by ! spr+s ( tru?4 ,he mu/ surely see t ! fact ( two ?+s be+ diff]5t implies t !y are simil>4 ,! h>e & ! tortoise may diff] 9 ! quality ( swiftness1 b !y mu/ agree 9 ! quality ( motion4 ,! swifte/ h>e _c be swift] ?an an isosceles triangle or ! idea ( p9kness4 ,:5 we say ! h>e moves fa/]1 we say t ! tortoise moves4 ,& :5 we say ( a ?+ t x moves1 we say1 )\t ne$ ( o!r words1 t !re are ?+s t d n move4 ,& ev5 9 ! act ( say+ t ?+s *ange1 we say t !re is some?+ un*angeable4 ,b c]ta9ly ! be/ example ( ,mr4 ,wells's fallacy c be f\nd 9 ! example :i* he himself *ooses4 ,x is q true t we see a dim light :i*1 comp>$ ) a d>k] ?+1 is light1 b :i*1 comp>$ ) a /rong] light1 is d>kness4 ,b ! quality ( light rema9s ! same ?+1 or else we %\ld n call x a /rong] light or recognize x z su*4 ,if ! "* ( light 7 n fix$ 9 ! m9d1 we %\ld be q z likely to call a d5s] %ad[ a /rong] light1 or vice v]sa ,if ! "* ( light became ev5 = an in/ant unfix$1 if x became ev5 by a hair's-bread? d\btful1 if1 = example1 !re crept into our idea ( light "s vague idea ( blu5ess1 !n 9 t fla% we h become d\btful :e!r ! new light has m light or less4 ,9 brief1 ! progress may be z v>y+ z a cl\d1 b ! direction mu/ be z rigid z a ,fr5* road4 ,nor? & ,s\? are relative 9 ! s5se t ,i am ,nor? ( ,b\rnem\? & ,s\? ( ,spitzb]g54 ,b if !re be any d\bt ( ! position ( ! ,nor? ,pole1 !re is 9 equal degree a d\bt ( :e!r ,i am ,s\? ( ,spitzb]g5 at all4 ,! absolute idea ( light may be practically unatta9able4 ,we may n be able to procure pure light4 ,we may n be able to get to ! ,nor? ,pole4 ,b because ! ,nor? ,pole is unatta9able1 x does n foll[ t x is indef9able4 ,& x is only because ! ,nor? ,pole is n indef9able t we c make a satisfactory map ( ,brighton & ,wor?+4 ,9 o!r words1 ,plato turn$ 8 face to tru? b 8 back on ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells1 :5 he turn$ to 8 museum ( specifi$ ideals4 ,x is precisely "h t ,plato %[s 8 s5se4 ,x is n true t ev]y?+ *anges2 ! ?+s t *ange are all ! manife/ & mat]ial ?+s4 ,!re is some?+ t does n *ange2 & t is precisely ! ab/ract quality1 ! invisible idea4 ,mr4 ,wells says truly en\gh1 t a ?+ :i* we h se5 9 "o connection z d>k we may see 9 ano!r connection z light4 ,b ! ?+ common to bo? incid5ts is ! m]e idea ( light--:i* we h n se5 at all4 ,mr4 ,wells might gr[ tall] & tall] = un5d+ aeons till 8 head 0 high] ?an ! lonelie/ />4 ,i c imag9e 8 writ+ a good novel ab\t x4 ,9 t case he w\ld see ! trees fir/ z tall ?+s & !n z %ort ?+s2 he w\ld see ! cl\ds fir/ z high & !n z l[4 ,b !re w\ld rema9 ) him ?r\gh ! ages 9 t />ry lonel9ess ! idea ( tallness2 he w\ld h 9 ! awful spaces = companion & com=t ! def9ite conception t he 0 gr[+ tall] & n 7= in/ance7 gr[+ fatt]4 ,& n[ x comes to my m9d t ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells actually has writt5 a v delightful romance ab\t m5 gr[+ z tall z trees2 & t "h1 aga91 he seems to me to h be5 a victim ( ?is vague relativism4 8,! ,food ( ! ,gods0 is1 l ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw's play1 9 ess5ce a /udy ( ! ,sup]man idea4 ,& x lies1 ,i ?9k1 ev5 ?r\gh ! veil ( a half-pantomimic allegory1 op5 to ! same intellectual attack4 ,we _c be expect$ to h any reg>d = a great creature if he does n 9 any mann] con=m to our /&>ds4 ,= unless he passes our /&>d ( greatness we _c ev5 call him great4 ,nietsz*e summ$ up all t is int]e/+ 9 ! ,sup]man idea :5 he said1 8,man is a ?+ :i* has to be surpass$40 ,b ! v ^w 8surpass0 implies ! exi/5ce ( a /&>d common to u & ! ?+ surpass+ u4 ,if ! ,sup]man is m manly ?an m5 are1 ( c\rse !y w ultimately deify him1 ev5 if !y happ5 to kill him fir/4 ,b if he is simply m sup]manly1 !y may be q indiff]5t to him z !y w\ld be to ano!r seem+ly aimless mon/rosity4 ,he mu/ submit to our te/ ev5 9 ord] to ov]awe u4 ,m]e =ce or size ev5 is a /&>d2 b t alone w nev] make m5 ?9k a man _! sup]ior4 ,giants1 z 9 ! wise old fairy-tales1 are v]m94 ,sup]m51 if n good m51 are v]m94 8,! ,food ( ! ,gods0 is ! tale ( 8,jack ! ,giant-,kill]0 told f ! po9t ( view ( ! giant4 ,?is has n1 ,i ?9k1 be5 done be=e 9 lit]ature2 b ,i h little d\bt t ! psy*ological sub/ance ( x exi/$ 9 fact4 ,i h little d\bt t ! giant :om ,jack kill$ did reg>d himself z ! ,sup]man4 ,x is likely en\gh t he consid]$ ,jack a n>r[ & p>o*ial p]son :o wi%$ to fru/rate a great =w>d movem5t ( ! life-=ce4 ,if 7z n unfrequ5tly 0 ! case7 he happ5$ to h two heads1 he w\ld po9t out ! elem5t>y maxim :i* decl>es !m to be bett] ?an "o4 ,he w\ld enl>ge on ! subtle mod]nity ( su* an equipm5t1 enabl+ a giant to look at a subject f two po9ts ( view1 or to correct himself ) promptitude4 ,b ,jack 0 ! *ampion ( ! endur+ human /&>ds1 ( ! pr9ciple ( "o man "o head & "o man "o consci5ce1 ( ! s+le head & ! s+le he>t & ! s+le eye4 ,jack 0 q unimpress$ by ! "q ( :e!r ! giant 0 a p>ticul>ly gigantic giant4 ,all he wi%$ to "k 0 :e!r he 0 a good giant--t is1 a giant :o 0 any good to u4 ,:at 7 ! giant's religi\s views2 :at 8 views on politics & ! duties ( ! citiz58 ,0 he fond ( *ildr5--or fond ( !m only 9 a d>k & s9i/] s5se8 ,to use a f9e phrase = emotional sanity1 0 8 he>t 9 ! "r place8 ,jack _h sometimes to cut him up ) a sword 9 ord] to f9d out4 ,! old & correct /ory ( ,jack ! ,giant-,kill] is simply ! :ole /ory ( man2 if x 7 und]/ood we %\ld ne$ no ,bibles or hi/ories4 ,b ! mod]n _w 9 p>ticul> does n seem to und]/& x at all4 ,! mod]n _w1 l ,mr4 ,wells is on ! side ( ! giants2 ! safe/ place1 & !re=e ! meane/ & ! mo/ prosaic4 ,! mod]n _w1 :5 x praises its little ,caes>s1 talks ( be+ /rong & brave3 b x does n seem to see ! et]nal p>adox involv$ 9 ! conjunction ( ^! ideas4 ,! /rong _c be brave4 ,only ! weak c be brave2 & yet aga91 9 practice1 only ^? :o c be brave c be tru/$1 9 "t ( d\bt1 to be /rong4 ,! only way 9 :i* a giant c\ld really keep himself 9 tra9+ aga9/ ! inevitable ,jack w\ld be by cont9ually fight+ o!r giants t5 times z big z himself4 ,t is by ceas+ to be a giant & becom+ a ,jack4 ,?us t sympa?y ) ! small or ! defeat$ z su*1 ) :i* we ,lib]als & ,nationali/s h be5 (t5 reproa*$1 is n a useless s5tim5talism at all1 z ,mr4 ,wells & 8 fri5ds fancy4 ,x is ! fir/ law ( practical c\rage4 ,to be 9 ! weake/ camp is to be 9 ! /ronge/ s*ool4 ,nor c ,i imag9e any?+ t w\ld d humanity m good ?an ! adv5t ( a race ( ,sup]m51 = !m to fight l dragons4 ,if ! ,sup]man is bett] ?an we1 ( c\rse we ne$ n fight him2 b 9 t case1 :y n call him ! ,sa9t8 ,b if he is m]ely /rong] 7:e!r physically1 m5tally1 or morally /rong]1 ,i d n c>e a f>?+71 !n he ought to h to reckon ) u at lea/ = all ! /r5g? we h4 ,if we are weak] ?an he1 t is no reason :y we %\ld be weak] ?an ourselves4 ,if we are n tall en\gh to t\* ! giant's knees1 t is no reason :y we %\ld become %ort] by fall+ on our own4 ,b t is at bottom ! mean+ ( all mod]n h]o-wor%ip & celebration ( ! ,/rong ,man1 ! ,caes> ! ,sup]man4 ,t he may be some?+ m ?an man1 we mu/ be some?+ less4 ,d\btless !re is an old] & bett] h]o-wor%ip ?an ?is4 ,b ! old h]o 0 a be+ :o1 l ,a*illes1 0 m human ?an humanity itself4 ,nietzs*e's ,sup]man is cold & fri5dless4 ,a*illes is s fooli%ly fond ( 8 fri5d t he slaught]s armies 9 ! agony ( 8 b]eavem5t4 ,mr4 ,%aw's sad ,caes> says 9 8 desolate pride1 8,he :o has nev] hop$ c nev] despair40 ,! ,man-,god ( old answ]s f 8 awful hill1 8,0 ev] sorr[ l unto my sorr[80 ,a great man is n a man s /rong t he feels less ?an o!r m52 he is a man s /rong t he feels m4 ,& :5 ,nietsz*e says1 8,a new comm&m5t ,i give to y1 #8be h>d1'0 he is really say+1 8,a new comm&m5t ,i give to y1 #8be dead4'0 ,s5sibility is ! def9ition ( life4 ,i recur = a la/ ^w to ,jack ! ,giant-,kill]4 ,i h dwelt on ?is matt] ( ,mr4 ,wells & ! giants1 n because x is specially prom95t 9 8 m9d2 ,i "k t ! ,sup]man does n bulk s l>ge 9 8 cosmos z 9 t ( ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw4 ,i h dwelt on x = ! opposite reason2 because ?is h]esy ( immoral h]o-wor%ip has tak51 ,i ?9k1 a slight] hold ( him1 & may p]haps /ill be prev5t$ f p]v]t+ "o ( ! be/ ?9k]s ( ! day4 ,9 ! c\rse ( 8,! ,new ,utopia0 ,mr4 ,wells makes m ?an "o admir+ allusion to ,mr4 ,w4 ,e4 ,h5ley4 ,t clev] & unhappy man liv$ 9 admiration ( a vague viol5ce1 & 0 always go+ back to rude old tales & rude old ballads1 to /rong & primitive lit]atures1 to f9d ! praise ( /r5g? & ! ju/ification ( tyranny4 ,b he c\ld n f9d x4 ,x is n !re4 ,! primitive lit]ature is %[n 9 ! tale ( ,jack ! ,giant-,kill]4 ,! /rong old lit]ature is all 9 praise ( ! weak4 ,! rude old tales are z t5d] to m9orities z any mod]n political ideali/4 ,! rude old ballads are z s5tim5tally conc]n$ = ! "u-dog z ! ,aborig9es ,protection ,society4 ,:5 m5 7 t\gh & raw1 :5 !y liv$ amid h>d knocks & h>d laws1 :5 !y knew :at fight+ really 01 !y _h only two k9ds ( songs4 ,! fir/ 0 a rejoic+ t ! weak _h conqu]$ ! /rong1 ! second a lam5tation t ! /rong _h1 = once 9 a way1 conqu]$ ! weak4 ,= ?is defiance ( ! /atu quo1 ?is con/ant ef=t to alt] ! exi/+ balance1 ?is premature *all5ge to ! p[]ful1 is ! :ole nature & inmo/ secret ( ! psy*ological adv5ture :i* is call$ man4 ,x is 8 /r5g? to disda9 /r5g?4 ,! =lorn hope is n only a real hope1 x is ! only real hope ( mank9d4 ,9 ! co>se/ ballads ( ! gre5wood m5 are admir$ mo/ :5 !y defy1 n only ! k+1 b :at is m to ! po9t1 ! h]o4 ,! mom5t ,rob9 ,hood becomes a sort ( ,sup]man1 t mom5t ! *ivalr\s *ronicl] %[s u ,rob9 ?ra%$ by a poor t9k] :om he ?\ght to ?ru/ aside4 ,& ! *ivalr\s *ronicl] makes ,rob9 ,hood receive ! ?ra%+ 9 a gl[ ( admiration4 ,?is magnanimity is n a product ( mod]n humanit>ianism2 x is n a product ( any?+ to d ) peace4 ,?is magnanimity is m]ely "o ( ! lo/ arts ( w>4 ,! ,h5leyites call = a /urdy & fight+ ,engl&1 & !y g back to ! fi]ce old /ories ( ! /urdy & fight+ ,engli%4 ,& ! ?+ t !y f9d writt5 across t fi]ce old lit]ature ev]y:]e1 is 8! policy ( ,majuba40 ,,vi4 ,*ri/mas & ! ,ae/hetes ,! _w is r\nd1 s r\nd t ! s*ools ( optimism & pessimism h be5 argu+ f ! beg9n+ :e!r x is ! "r way up4 ,! difficulty does n arise s mu* f ! m]e fact t good & evil are m+l$ 9 r\ghly equal proportions2 x arises *iefly f ! fact t m5 always diff] ab\t :at p>ts are good & :at evil4 ,h5ce ! difficulty :i* besets 8und5om9ational religions40 ,!y pr(ess to include :at is beautiful 9 all cre$s1 b !y appe> to _m to h collect$ all t is dull 9 !m4 ,all ! col\rs mix$ toge!r 9 purity ought to make a p]fect :ite4 ,mix$ toge!r on any human pa9t-box1 !y make a ?+ l mud1 & a ?+ v l _m new religions4 ,su* a bl5d is (t5 some?+ mu* worse ?an any "o cre$ tak5 sep>ately1 ev5 ! cre$ ( ! ,?ugs4 ,! error arises f ! difficulty ( detect+ :at is really ! good "p & :at is really ! bad "p ( any giv5 religion4 ,& ?is pa?os falls r heavily on ^? p]sons :o h ! mis=tune to ?9k ( "s religion or o!r1 t ! p>ts commonly c\nt$ good are bad1 & ! p>ts commonly c\nt$ bad are good4 ,x is tragic to admire & hone/ly admire a human gr\p1 b to admire x 9 a photographic negative4 ,x is difficult to congratulate all _! :ites on be+ black & all _! blacks on _! :it5ess4 ,?is w (t5 happ5 to u 9 connection ) human religions4 ,take two in/itutions :i* be> witness to ! religi\s en]gy ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,take ! ,salvation ,army & ! philosophy ( ,augu/e ,comte4 ,! usual v]dict ( educat$ p on ! ,salvation ,army is express$ 9 "s su* words z ^!3 8,i h no d\bt !y d a great deal ( good1 b !y d x 9 a vulg> & pr(ane /yle2 _! aims are excell5t1 b _! me?ods are wrong40 ,to me1 un=tunately1 ! precise rev]se ( ?is appe>s to be ! tru?4 ,i d n "k :e!r ! aims ( ! ,salvation ,army are excell5t1 b ,i am q sure _! me?ods are admirable4 ,_! me?ods are ! me?ods ( all int5se & he>ty religions2 !y are popul> l all religion1 milit>y l all religion1 public & s5sational l all religion4 ,!y are n rev]5t any m ?an ,roman ,ca?olics are rev]5t1 = rev]5ce 9 ! sad & delicate mean+ ( ! t]m rev]5ce is a ?+ only possible to infidels4 ,t beautiful twilight y w f9d 9 ,euripides1 9 ,r5an1 9 ,mat!w ,arnold2 b 9 m5 :o believe y w n f9d x--y w f9d only laught] & w>4 ,a man _c pay t k9d ( rev]5ce to tru? solid z m>ble2 !y c only be rev]5t t[>ds a beautiful lie4 ,& ! ,salvation ,army1 ?\gh _! voice has brok5 out 9 a mean environm5t & an ugly %ape1 are really ! old voice ( glad & angry fai?1 hot z ! riots ( ,dionysus1 wild z ! g>goyles ( ,ca?olicism1 n to be mi/ak5 = a philosophy4 ,pr(essor ,huxley1 9 "o ( 8 clev] phrases1 call$ ! ,salvation ,army 8corybantic ,*ri/ianity40 ,huxley 0 ! la/ & noble/ ( ^? ,/oics :o h nev] und]/ood ! ,cross4 ,if he _h und]/ood ,*ri/ianity he w\ld h kn[n t !re nev] has be51 & nev] c be1 any ,*ri/ianity t is n corybantic4 ,& !re is ?is diff]5ce betwe5 ! matt] ( aims & ! matt] ( me?ods1 t to judge ( ! aims ( a ?+ l ! ,salvation ,army is v difficult1 to judge ( _! ritual & atmosph]e v easy4 ,no "o1 p]haps1 b a sociologi/ c see :e!r ,g5]al ,boo?'s h\s+ s*eme is "r4 ,b any heal?y p]son c see t bang+ brass cymbals toge!r mu/ be "r4 ,a page ( /ati/ics1 a plan ( model dwell+s1 any?+ :i* is rational1 is always difficult = ! lay m9d4 ,b ! ?+ :i* is irrational any "o c und]/&4 ,t is :y religion came s e>ly into ! _w & spread s f>1 :ile sci5ce came s late into ! _w & has n spread at all4 ,hi/ory unanim\sly atte/s ! fact t x is only my/icism :i* /&s ! smalle/ *ance ( be+ und]/&$ ( ! p4 ,common s5se has to be kept z an esot]ic secret 9 ! d>k temple ( culture4 ,& s :ile ! philan?ropy ( ! ,salvationi/s & its g5u95ess may be a reasonable matt] = ! discussion ( ! doctors1 !re c be no d\bt ab\t ! g5u95ess ( _! brass b&s1 = a brass b& is purely spiritual1 & seeks only to quick5 ! int]nal life4 ,! object ( philan?ropy is to d good2 ! object ( religion is to be good1 if only = a mom5t1 amid a cra% ( brass4 ,& ! same anti!sis exi/s ab\t ano!r mod]n religion--,i mean ! religion ( ,comte1 g5]ally kn[n z ,positivism1 or ! wor%ip ( humanity4 ,su* m5 z ,mr4 ,fr$]ic ,h>rison1 t brilliant & *ivalr\s philosoph]1 :o /ill1 by 8 m]e p]sonality1 speaks = ! cre$1 w\ld tell u t he (f]s u ! philosophy ( ,comte1 b n all ,comte's fanta/ic proposals = pontiffs & c]emonials1 ! new cal5d>1 ! new holidays & sa9ts' days4 ,he does n mean t we %\ld dress ourselves up z prie/s ( humanity or let (f fireworks because x is ,milton's bir?day4 ,to ! solid ,engli% ,comti/ all ?is appe>s1 he confesses1 to be a little absurd4 ,to me x appe>s ! only s5sible "p ( ,comtism4 ,z a philosophy x is unsatisfactory4 ,x is evid5tly impossible to wor%ip humanity1 j z x is impossible to wor%ip ! ,savile ,club2 bo? are excell5t in/itutions to :i* we may happ5 to belong4 ,b we p]ceive cle>ly t ! ,savile ,club did n make ! />s & does n fill ! univ]se4 ,& x is surely unreasonable to attack ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity z a piece ( bewild]+ my/icism1 & !n to ask m5 to wor%ip a be+ :o is n9ety million p]sons 9 "o ,god1 nei!r conf\nd+ ! p]sons nor divid+ ! sub/ance4 ,b if ! wisdom ( ,comte 0 insuffici5t1 ! folly ( ,comte 0 wisdom4 ,9 an age ( du/y mod]nity1 :5 beauty 0 ?\ght ( z some?+ b>b>ic & ugl9ess z some?+ s5sible1 he alone saw t m5 mu/ always h ! sacr$ness ( mumm]y4 ,he saw t :ile ! brutes h all ! useful ?+s1 ! ?+s t are truly human are ! useless ones4 ,he saw ! falsehood ( t almo/ univ]sal notion ( to-day1 ! notion t rites & =ms are some?+ artificial1 additional1 & corrupt4 ,ritual is really mu* old] ?an ?\ght2 x is mu* simpl] & mu* wild] ?an ?\ght4 ,a feel+ t\*+ ! nature ( ?+s does n only make m5 feel t !re are c]ta9 prop] ?+s to say2 x makes !m feel t !re are c]ta9 prop] ?+s to d4 ,! m agreeable ( ^! consi/ ( danc+1 build+ temples1 & %\t+ v l\d2 ! less agreeable1 ( we>+ gre5 c>nations & burn+ o!r philosoph]s alive4 ,b ev]y:]e ! religi\s dance came be=e ! religi\s hymn1 & man 0 a rituali/ be=e he c\ld speak4 ,if ,comtism _h spread ! _w w\ld h be5 conv]t$1 n by ! ,comti/ philosophy1 b by ! ,comti/ cal5d>4 ,by disc\rag+ :at !y conceive to be ! weakness ( _! ma/]1 ! ,engli% ,positivi/s h brok5 ! /r5g? ( _! religion4 ,a man :o has fai? mu/ be prep>$ n only to be a m>tyr1 b to be a fool4 ,x is absurd to say t a man is ready to toil & die = 8 convictions :5 he is n ev5 ready to we> a wrea? r\nd 8 head = !m4 ,i myself1 to take a corpus vile1 am v c]ta9 t ,i w\ld n read ! works ( ,comte ?r\gh = any consid]ation :atev]4 ,b ,i c easily imag9e myself ) ! greate/ en?usiasm light+ a bonfire on ,d>w9 ,day4 ,t spl5did ef=t fail$1 & no?+ 9 ! /yle ( x has succe$$4 ,!re has be5 no rationali/ fe/ival1 no rationali/ ec/asy4 ,m5 are /ill 9 black = ! dea? ( ,god4 ,:5 ,*ri/ianity 0 heavily bomb>d$ 9 ! la/ c5tury ^u no po9t 0 x m p]si/5tly & brilliantly attack$ ?an ^u t ( its alleg$ enmity to human joy4 ,%elley & ,sw9burne & all _! armies h pass$ aga9 & aga9 ov] ! gr\nd1 b !y h n alt]$ x4 ,!y h n set up a s+le new trophy or ensign = ! _w's m]rim5t to rally to4 ,!y h n giv5 a "n or a new occasion ( gaiety4 ,mr4 ,sw9burne does n hang up 8 /ock+ on ! eve ( ! bir?day ( ,victor ,hugo4 ,mr4 ,william ,ar*] does n s+ c>ols descriptive ( ! infancy ( ,ibs5 outside p's doors 9 ! sn[4 ,9 ! r\nd ( our rational & m\rnful ye> "o fe/ival rema9s out ( all ^? anci5t gaieties t once cov]$ ! :ole e>?4 ,*ri/mas rema9s to rem9d u ( ^? ages1 :e!r ,pagan or ,*ri/ian1 :5 ! _m act$ poetry in/ead ( ! few writ+ x4 ,9 all ! w9t] 9 our woods !re is no tree 9 gl[ b ! holly4 ,! /range tru? ab\t ! matt] is told 9 ! v ^w 8holiday40 ,a bank holiday means presumably a day :i* bank]s reg>d z holy4 ,a half-holiday means1 ,i suppose1 a day on :i* a s*oolboy is only p>tially holy4 ,x is h>d to see at fir/ sight :y s human a ?+ z leisure & l>k9ess %\ld always h a religi\s orig94 ,rationally !re appe>s no reason :y we %\ld n s+ & give ea* o!r pres5ts 9 hon\r ( any?+--! bir? ( ,mi*ael ,angelo or ! op5+ ( ,eu/on ,/ation4 ,b x does n "w4 ,z a fact1 m5 only become gre$ily & glori\sly mat]ial ab\t some?+ spirituali/ic4 ,take away ! ,nic5e ,cre$ & simil> ?+s1 & y d "s /range wrong to ! sell]s ( sausages4 ,take away ! /range beauty ( ! sa9ts1 & :at has rema9$ to u is ! f> /rang] ugl9ess ( ,w&swor?4 ,take away ! sup]natural1 & :at rema9s is ! unnatural4 ,& n[ ,i h to t\* ^u a v sad matt]4 ,!re are 9 ! mod]n _w an admirable class ( p]sons :o really make prote/ on behalf ( t antiqua pul*ritudo ( :i* ,augu/9e spoke1 :o d long = ! old fea/s & =malities ( ! *ildhood ( ! _w4 ,william ,morris & 8 foll[]s %[$ h[ mu* bright] 7 ! d>k ages ?an ! age ( ,man*e/]4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,yeats frames 8 /eps 9 prehi/oric dances1 b no man kn[s & jo9s 8 voice to =gott5 *oruses t no "o b he c he>4 ,mr4 ,george ,moore collects e fragm5t ( ,iri% paganism t ! =getfulness ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has left or possibly h] wisdom pres]v$4 ,!re are innum]able p]sons ) eye-glasses & gre5 g>m5ts :o pray = ! return ( ! maypole or ! ,olympian games4 ,b !re is ab\t ^! p a haunt+ & al>m+ some?+ :i* sugge/s t x is j possible t !y d n keep ,*ri/mas4 ,x is pa9ful to reg>d human nature 9 su* a light1 b x seems someh[ possible t ,mr4 ,george ,moore does n wave 8 spoon & %\t :5 ! pudd+ is set alight4 ,x is ev5 possible t ,mr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,yeats nev] pulls crack]s4 ,if s1 :]e is ! s5se ( all _! dreams ( fe/ive traditions8 ,"h is a solid & anci5t fe/ive tradition /ill ply+ a ro>+ trade 9 ! /reets1 & !y ?9k x vulg>4 ,if ?is is s1 let !m be v c]ta9 ( ?is1 t !y are ! k9d ( p :o 9 ! "t ( ! maypole w\ld h ?\ght ! maypole vulg>2 :o 9 ! "t ( ! ,cant]bury pilgrimage w\ld h ?\ght ! ,cant]bury pilgrimage vulg>2 :o 9 ! "t ( ! ,olympian games w\ld h ?\ght ! ,olympian games vulg>4 ,nor c !re be any reasonable d\bt t !y 7 vulg>4 ,let no man deceive himself2 if by vulg>ity we mean co>s5ess ( spee*1 r[d9ess ( behavi\r1 gossip1 horseplay1 & "s heavy dr9k+1 vulg>ity !re always 0 :]ev] !re 0 joy1 :]ev] !re 0 fai? 9 ! gods4 ,:]ev] y h belief y w h hil>ity1 :]ev] y h hil>ity y w h "s dang]s4 ,& z cre$ & my?ology produce ?is gross & vigor\s life1 s 9 its turn ?is gross & vigor\s life w always produce cre$ & my?ology4 ,if we ev] get ! ,engli% back on to ! ,engli% l& !y w become aga9 a religi\s p1 if all goes well1 a sup]/iti\s p4 ,! abs5ce f mod]n life ( bo? ! high] & l[] =ms ( fai? is l>gely due to a divorce f nature & ! trees & cl\ds4 ,if we h no m turnip gho/s x is *iefly f ! lack ( turnips4 ,,vii4 ,om> & ! ,sacr$ ,v9e ,a new morality has bur/ ^u u ) "s viol5ce 9 connection ) ! problem ( /rong dr9k2 & en?usia/s 9 ! matt] range f ! man :o is viol5tly ?r[n out at #ab4cj1 to ! lady :o sma%es ,am]ican b>s ) an axe4 ,9 ^! discussions x is almo/ always felt t "o v wise & mod]ate position is to say t w9e or su* /uff %\ld only be drunk z a m$ic9e4 ,) ?is ,i %\ld v5ture to disagree ) a peculi> f]ocity4 ,! "o g5u9ely dang]\s & immoral way ( dr9k+ w9e is to dr9k x z a m$ic9e4 ,& = ?is reason1 ,if a man dr9ks w9e 9 ord] to obta9 pleasure1 he is try+ to obta9 some?+ exceptional1 some?+ he does n expect e h\r ( ! day1 some?+ :i*1 unless he is a little insane1 he w n try to get e h\r ( ! day4 ,b if a man dr9ks w9e 9 ord] to obta9 heal?1 he is try+ to get some?+ natural2 some?+1 t is1 t he ought n to be )\t2 some?+ t he may f9d x difficult to reconcile himself to be+ )\t4 ,! man may n be s$uc$ :o has se5 ! ec/asy ( be+ ec/atic2 x is m dazzl+ to cat* a glimpse ( ! ec/asy ( be+ ord9>y4 ,if !re 7 a magic o9tm5t1 & we took x to a /rong man1 & said1 8,?is w enable y to jump (f ! ,monum5t10 d\btless he w\ld jump (f ! ,monum5t1 b he w\ld n jump (f ! ,monum5t all day long to ! delight ( ! ,city4 ,b if we took x to a bl9d man1 say+1 8,?is w enable y to see10 he w\ld be "u a heavi] temptation4 ,x w\ld be h>d = him n to rub x on 8 eyes :5ev] he he>d ! ho( ( a noble horse or ! birds s++ at daybreak4 ,x is easy to d5y "o's self fe/ivity2 x is difficult to d5y "o's self normality4 ,h5ce comes ! fact :i* e doctor kn[s1 t x is (t5 p]il\s to give alcohol to ! sick ev5 :5 !y ne$ x4 ,i ne$ h>dly say t ,i d n mean t ,i ?9k ! giv+ ( alcohol to ! sick = /imulus is necess>ily unju/ifiable4 ,b ,i d mean t giv+ x to ! heal?y = fun is ! prop] use ( x1 & a great deal m consi/5t ) heal?4 ,! s\nd rule 9 ! matt] w\ld appe> to be l _m o!r s\nd rules--a p>adox4 ,dr9k because y are happy1 b nev] because y are mis]able4 ,nev] dr9k :5 y are wret*$ )\t x1 or y w be l ! grey-fac$ g9-dr9k] 9 ! slum2 b dr9k :5 y w\ld be happy )\t x1 & y w be l ! laugh+ peasant ( ,italy4 ,nev] dr9k because y ne$ x1 = ?is is rational dr9k+1 & ! way to dea? & hell4 ,b dr9k because y d n ne$ x1 = ?is is irrational dr9k+1 & ! anci5t heal? ( ! _w4 ,= m ?an ?irty ye>s ! %ad[ & glory ( a great ,ea/]n figure has la9 ^u our ,engli% lit]ature4 ,fitzg]ald's translation ( ,om> ,khayyam conc5trat$ into an immortal poignancy all ! d>k & drift+ h$onism ( our "t4 ,( ! lit]>y spl5d\r ( t "w x w\ld be m]ely banal to speak2 9 few o!r ( ! books ( m5 has !re be5 any?+ s comb9+ ! gay pugnacity ( an epigram ) ! vague sadness ( a song4 ,b ( its philosophical1 e?ical1 & religi\s influ5ce :i* has be5 almo/ z great z its brilliancy1 ,i %\ld l to say a ^w1 & t ^w1 ,i confess1 "o ( uncompromis+ ho/ility4 ,!re are a great _m ?+s :i* might be said aga9/ ! _s ( ! ,rubaiyat1 & aga9/ its prodigi\s influ5ce4 ,b "o matt] ( indictm5t t[]s om9\sly above ! re/--a g5u9e disgrace to x1 a g5u9e calamity to u4 ,?is is ! t]rible bl[ t ?is great poem has /ruck aga9/ sociability & ! joy ( life4 ,"s "o call$ ,om> 8! sad1 glad old ,p]sian40 ,sad he is2 glad he is n1 9 any s5se ( ! ^w :atev]4 ,he has be5 a worse foe to gladness ?an ! ,puritans4 ,a p5sive & graceful ,ori5tal lies "u ! rose-tree ) 8 w9e-pot & 8 scroll ( poems4 ,x may seem /range t any "o's ?\ghts %\ld1 at ! mom5t ( reg>d+ him1 fly back to ! d>k b$side :]e ! doctor doles out br&y4 ,x may seem /rang] /ill t !y %\ld g back to ! grey wa/rel %ak+ ) g9 9 ,h\ndsdit*4 ,b a great philosophical unity l9ks ! ?ree 9 an evil bond4 ,om> ,khayyam's w9e-bibb+ is bad1 n because x is w9e-bibb+4 ,x is bad1 & v bad1 because x is m$ical w9e-bibb+4 ,x is ! dr9k+ ( a man :o dr9ks because he is n happy4 ,8 is ! w9e t %uts out ! univ]se1 n ! w9e t reveals x4 ,x is n poetical dr9k+1 :i* is joy\s & in/9ctive2 x is rational dr9k+1 :i* is z prosaic z an inve/m5t1 z unsav\ry z a dose ( camomile4 ,:ole heav5s above x1 f ! po9t ( view ( s5tim5t1 ?\gh n ( /yle1 rises ! spl5d\r ( "s old ,engli% dr9k+-song-- 8,!n pass ! b[l1 my comrades all1 ,& let ! zid] vl[40 ,= ?is song 0 caught up by happy m5 to express ! wor? ( truly wor?y ?+s1 ( bro!rhood & g>rulity1 & ! brief & k9dly leisure ( ! poor4 ,( c\rse1 ! great "p ( ! m /olid reproa*es direct$ aga9/ ! ,om>ite morality are z false & babyi% z su* reproa*es usually are4 ,"o critic1 ^: "w ,i h read1 _h ! incr$ible fooli%ness to call ,om> an a!i/ & a mat]iali/4 ,x is almo/ impossible = an ,ori5tal to be ei!r2 ! ,ea/ und]/&s metaphysics too well = t4 ,( c\rse1 ! real objection :i* a philosophical ,*ri/ian w\ld br+ aga9/ ! religion ( ,om>1 is n t he gives no place to ,god1 x is t he gives too mu* place to ,god4 ,8 is t t]rible !ism :i* c imag9e no?+ else b deity1 & :i* d5ies altoge!r ! outl9es ( human p]sonality & human w4 8,! ball no "q makes ( ,ayes or ,noes1 ,b ,"h or ,!re z /rikes ! ,play] goes2 ,& ,he t toss$ y d[n into ! field1 ,he kn[s ab\t x all--he kn[s--he kn[s40 ,a ,*ri/ian ?9k] su* z ,augu/9e or ,dante w\ld object to ?is because x ignores freewill1 :i* is ! val\r & dignity ( ! s\l4 ,! qu>rel ( ! highe/ ,*ri/ianity ) ?is scepticism is n 9 ! lea/ t ! scepticism d5ies ! exi/5ce ( ,god2 x is t x d5ies ! exi/5ce ( man4 ,9 ?is cult ( ! pessimi/ic pleasure-seek] ! ,rubaiyat /&s fir/ 9 our "t2 b x does n /& alone4 ,_m ( ! mo/ brilliant intellects ( our "t h urg$ u to ! same self-consci\s snat*+ at a r>e delight4 ,walt] ,pat] said t we 7 all "u s5t5ce ( dea?1 & ! only c\rse 0 to enjoy exquisite mom5ts simply = ^? mom5ts' sake4 ,! same lesson 0 taught by ! v p[]ful & v desolate philosophy ( ,osc> ,wilde4 ,x is ! c>pe diem religion2 b ! c>pe diem religion is n ! religion ( happy p1 b ( v unhappy p4 ,great joy does1 n ga!r ! rosebuds :ile x may2 its eyes are fix$ on ! immortal rose :i* ,dante saw4 ,great joy has 9 x ! s5se ( immortality2 ! v spl5d\r ( y\? is ! s5se t x has all space to /ret* its legs 94 ,9 all great comic lit]ature1 9 8,tri/ram ,%&y0 or 8,pickwick01 !re is ?is s5se ( space & incorruptibility2 we feel ! *>act]s are dea?less p 9 an endless tale4 ,x is true en\gh1 ( c\rse1 t a pung5t happ9ess comes *iefly 9 c]ta9 pass+ mom5ts2 b x is n true t we %\ld ?9k ( !m z pass+1 or enjoy !m simply 8= ^? mom5ts' sake40 ,to d ?is is to rationalize ! happ9ess1 & !re=e to de/roy x4 ,happ9ess is a my/]y l religion1 & %\ld nev] be rationaliz$4 ,suppose a man exp]i5ces a really spl5did mom5t ( pleasure4 ,i d n mean some?+ connect$ ) a bit ( enamel1 ,i mean some?+ ) a viol5t happ9ess 9 x--an almo/ pa9ful happ9ess4 ,a man may h1 = in/ance1 a mom5t ( ec/asy 9 fir/ love1 or a mom5t ( victory 9 battle4 ,! lov] enjoys ! mom5t1 b precisely n = ! mom5t's sake4 ,he enjoys x = ! woman's sake1 or 8 own sake4 ,! w>rior enjoys ! mom5t1 b n = ! sake ( ! mom5t2 he enjoys x = ! sake ( ! flag4 ,! cause :i* ! flag /&s = may be fooli% & fleet+2 ! love may be calf-love1 & la/ a week4 ,b ! patriot ?9ks ( ! flag z et]nal2 ! lov] ?9ks ( 8 love z some?+ t _c end4 ,^! mom5ts are fill$ ) et]nity2 ^! mom5ts are joyful because !y d n seem mom5t>y4 ,once look at !m z mom5ts aft] ,pat]'s mann]1 & !y become z cold z ,pat] & 8 /yle4 ,man _c love mortal ?+s4 ,he c only love immortal ?+s = an in/ant4 ,pat]'s mi/ake is reveal$ 9 8 mo/ fam\s phrase4 ,he asks u to burn ) a h>d1 gem-l flame4 ,flames are nev] h>d & nev] gem-l--!y _c be h&l$ or arrang$4 ,s human emotions are nev] h>d & nev] gem-l2 !y are always dang]\s1 l flames1 to t\* or ev5 to exam9e4 ,!re is only "o way 9 :i* our passions c become h>d & gem-l1 & t is by becom+ z cold z gems4 ,no bl[ !n has ev] be5 /ruck at ! natural loves & laught] ( m5 s /]iliz+ z ?is c>pe diem ( ! ae/hetes4 ,= any k9d ( pleasure a totally diff]5t _s is requir$2 a c]ta9 %yness1 a c]ta9 indet]m9ate hope1 a c]ta9 boyi% expectation4 ,purity & simplicity are ess5tial to passions--yes ev5 to evil passions4 ,ev5 vice dem&s a sort ( virg9ity4 ,om>'s 7or ,fitzg]ald's7 effect ^u ! o!r _w we may let g1 8 h& ^u ?is _w has be5 heavy & p>alyz+4 ,! ,puritans1 z ,i h said1 are f> jolli] ?an he4 ,! new ascetics :o foll[ ,?oreau or ,tol/oy are mu* liveli] company2 =1 ?\gh ! surr5d] ( /rong dr9k & su* luxuries may /rike u z an idle negation1 x may leave a man ) innum]able natural pleasures1 &1 above all1 ) man's natural p[] ( happ9ess4 ,?oreau c\ld enjoy ! sunrise )\t a cup ( c(fee4 ,if ,tol/oy _c admire m>riage1 at lea/ he is heal?y en\gh to admire mud4 ,nature c be enjoy$ )\t ev5 ! mo/ natural luxuries4 ,a good bu% ne$s no w9e4 ,b nei!r nature nor w9e nor any?+ else c be enjoy$ if we h ! wrong attitude t[>ds happ9ess1 & ,om> 7or ,fitzg]ald7 did h ! wrong attitude t[>ds happ9ess4 ,he & ^? he has influ5c$ d n see t if we are to be truly gay1 we mu/ believe t !re is "s et]nal gaiety 9 ! nature ( ?+s4 ,we _c enjoy ?or\ghly ev5 a pas-de-quatre at a subscription dance unless we believe t ! />s are danc+ to ! same tune4 ,no "o c be really hil>i\s b ! s]i\s man4 8,w9e10 says ! ,scripture1 8make? glad ! he>t ( man10 b only ( ! man :o has a he>t4 ,! ?+ call$ high spirits is possible only to ! spiritual4 ,ultimately a man _c rejoice 9 any?+ except ! nature ( ?+s4 ,ultimately a man c enjoy no?+ except religion4 ,once 9 ! _w's hi/ory m5 did believe t ! />s 7 danc+ to ! tune ( _! temples1 & !y danc$ z m5 h nev] danc$ s9ce4 ,) ?is old pagan eudaemonism ! sage ( ! ,rubaiyat has q z little to d z he has ) any ,*ri/ian v>iety4 ,he is no m a ,bac*anal ?an he is a sa9t4 ,dionysus & 8 *ur* 0 gr\nd$ on a s]i\s joie-de-vivre l t ( ,walt ,:itman4 ,dionysus made w9e1 n a m$ic9e1 b a sacram5t4 ,jesus ,*ri/ also made w9e1 n a m$ic9e1 b a sacram5t4 ,b ,om> makes x1 n a sacram5t1 b a m$ic9e4 ,he fea/s because life is n joyful2 he revels because he is n glad4 8,dr9k10 he says1 8= y "k n :5ce y come nor :y4 ,dr9k1 = y "k n :5 y g nor :]e4 ,dr9k1 because ! />s are cruel & ! _w z idle z a humm+-top4 ,dr9k1 because !re is no?+ wor? tru/+1 no?+ wor? fight+ =4 ,dr9k1 because all ?+s are laps$ 9 a base equality & an evil peace40 ,s he /&s (f]+ u ! cup 9 8 h&4 ,& at ! high alt> ( ,*ri/ianity /&s ano!r figure1 9 ^: h& also is ! cup ( ! v9e4 8,dr9k0 he says 8= ! :ole _w is z r$ z ?is w9e1 ) ! crimson ( ! love & wra? ( ,god4 ,dr9k1 = ! trumpets are bl[+ = battle & ?is is ! /irrup-cup4 ,dr9k1 = ?is my blood ( ! new te/am5t t is %$ = y4 ,dr9k1 = ,i "k ( :5ce y come & :y4 ,dr9k1 = ,i "k ( :5 y g & :]e40 ,,viii4 ,! ,mildness ( ! ,yell[ ,press ,!re is a great deal ( prote/ made f "o qu>t] or ano!r n[adays aga9/ ! influ5ce ( t new j\rnalism :i* is associat$ ) ! names ( ,sir ,alfr$ ,h>mswor? & ,mr4 ,pe>son4 ,b almo/ ev]ybody :o attacks x attacks on ! gr\nd t x is v s5sational1 v viol5t & vulg> & />tl+4 ,i am speak+ 9 no affect$ contr>iety1 b 9 ! simplicity ( a g5u9e p]sonal impression1 :5 ,i say t ?is j\rnalism (f5ds z be+ n s5sational or viol5t en\gh4 ,! real vice is n t x is />tl+1 b t x is q insupportably tame4 ,! :ole object is to keep c>efully along a c]ta9 level ( ! expect$ & ! commonplace2 x may be l[1 b x mu/ take c>e also to be flat4 ,nev] by any *ance 9 x is !re any ( t real plebeian pung5cy :i* c be he>d f ! ord9>y cabman 9 ! ord9>y /reet4 ,we h he>d ( a c]ta9 /&>d ( decorum :i* dem&s t ?+s %\ld be funny )\t be+ vulg>1 b ! /&>d ( ?is decorum dem&s t if ?+s are vulg> !y %all be vulg> )\t be+ funny4 ,?is j\rnalism does n m]ely fail to exagg]ate life--x positively und]rates x2 & x has to d s because x is int5d$ = ! fa9t & languid recreation ( m5 :om ! fi]c5ess ( mod]n life has fatigu$4 ,?is press is n ! yell[ press at all2 x is ! drab press4 ,sir ,alfr$ ,h>mswor? mu/ n address to ! tir$ cl]k any obs]vation m witty ?an ! tir$ cl]k might be able to address to ,sir ,alfr$ ,h>mswor?4 ,x mu/ n expose anybody 7anybody :o is p[]ful1 t is71 x mu/ n (f5d anybody1 x mu/ n ev5 please anybody1 too mu*4 ,a g5]al vague idea t 9 spite ( all ?is1 our yell[ press is s5sational1 arises f su* ext]nal accid5ts z l>ge type or lurid headl9es4 ,x is q true t ^! editors pr9t ev]y?+ !y possibly c 9 l>ge capital lett]s4 ,b !y d ?is1 n because x is />tl+1 b because x is soo?+4 ,to p :olly we>y or p>tly drunk 9 a dimly light$ tra91 x is a simplification & a com=t to h ?+s pres5t$ 9 ?is va/ & obvi\s mann]4 ,! editors use ?is gigantic alphabet 9 deal+ ) _! read]s1 = exactly ! same reason t p>5ts & gov]nesses use a simil> gigantic alphabet 9 tea*+ *ildr5 to spell4 ,! nurs]y au?orities d n use an ,a z big z a horse%oe 9 ord] to make ! *ild jump2 on ! contr>y1 !y use x to put ! *ild at 8 ease1 to make ?+s smoo!r & m evid5t4 ,( ! same "* is ! dim & quiet dame s*ool :i* ,sir ,alfr$ ,h>mswor? & ,mr4 ,pe>son keep4 ,all _! s5tim5ts are spell+-book s5tim5ts--t is to say1 !y are s5tim5ts ) :i* ! pupil is already respectfully famili>4 ,all _! wilde/ po/]s are leaves torn f a copy-book4 ,( real s5sational j\rnalism1 z x exi/s 9 ,france1 9 ,irel&1 & 9 ,am]ica1 we h no trace 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,:5 a j\rnali/ 9 ,irel& wi%es to create a ?rill1 he creates a ?rill wor? talk+ ab\t4 ,he d5\nces a lead+ ,iri% memb] = corruption1 or he *>ges ! :ole police sy/em ) a wick$ & def9ite conspiracy4 ,:5 a ,fr5* j\rnali/ desires a frisson !re is a frisson2 he discov]s1 let u say1 t ! ,presid5t ( ! ,republic has murd]$ ?ree wives4 ,our yell[ j\rnali/s inv5t q z unscrupul\sly z ?is2 _! moral condition is1 z reg>ds c>eful v]acity1 ab\t ! same4 ,b x is _! m5tal calibre :i* happ5s to be su* t !y c only inv5t calm & ev5 reassur+ ?+s4 ,! fictiti\s v]sion ( ! massacre ( ! envoys ( ,pek9 0 m5daci\s1 b x 0 n int]e/+1 except to ^? :o _h private reasons = t]ror or sorr[4 ,x 0 n connect$ ) any bold & sugge/ive view ( ! ,*9ese situation4 ,x reveal$ only a vague idea t no?+ c\ld be impressive except a great deal ( blood4 ,real s5sationalism1 ( :i* ,i happ5 to be v fond1 may be ei!r moral or immoral4 ,b ev5 :5 x is mo/ immoral1 x requires moral c\rage4 ,= x is "o ( ! mo/ dang]\s ?+s on e>? g5u9ely to surprise anybody4 ,if y make any s5ti5t creature jump1 y r5d] x by no means improbable t x w jump on y4 ,b ! lead]s ( ?is movem5t h no moral c\rage or immoral c\rage2 _! :ole me?od consi/s 9 say+1 ) l>ge & elaborate emphasis1 ! ?+s :i* ev]ybody else says casually1 & )\t rememb]+ :at !y h said4 ,:5 !y brace !mselves up to attack any?+1 !y nev] rea* ! po9t ( attack+ any?+ :i* is l>ge & real1 & w\ld res\nd ) ! %ock4 ,!y d n attack ! army z m5 d 9 ,france1 or ! judges z m5 d 9 ,irel&1 or ! democracy itself z m5 did 9 ,engl& a hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,!y attack some?+ l ! ,w> ,(fice--some?+1 t is1 :i* ev]ybody attacks & nobody bo!rs to def5d1 some?+ :i* is an old joke 9 f\r?-rate comic pap]s4 ,j z a man %[s he has a weak voice by /ra9+ x to %\t1 s !y %[ ! hopelessly uns5sational nature ( _! m9ds :5 !y really try to be s5sational4 ,) ! :ole _w full ( big & dubi\s in/itutions1 ) ! :ole wick$ness ( civilization />+ !m 9 ! face1 _! idea ( be+ bold & bright is to attack ! ,w> ,(fice4 ,!y might z well />t a campaign aga9/ ! wea!r1 or =m a secret society 9 ord] to make jokes ab\t mo!rs-9-law4 ,nor is x only f ! po9t ( view ( p>ticul> amateurs ( ! s5sational su* z myself1 t x is p]missible to say1 9 ! words ( ,c[p]'s ,alex&] ,selkirk1 t 8_! tam5ess is %ock+ to me40 ,! :ole mod]n _w is p9+ = a g5u9ely s5sational j\rnalism4 ,?is has be5 discov]$ by t v able & hone/ j\rnali/1 ,mr4 ,blat*=d1 :o />t$ 8 campaign aga9/ ,*ri/ianity1 w>n$ on all sides1 ,i believe1 t x w\ld ru9 8 pap]1 b :o cont9u$ f an hon\rable s5se ( intellectual responsibility4 ,he discov]$1 h[ev]1 t :ile he _h und\bt$ly %ock$ 8 read]s1 he _h also greatly advanc$ 8 newspap]4 ,x 0 b\ght--fir/1 by all ! p :o agre$ ) him & want$ to read x2 & secondly1 by all ! p :o disagre$ ) him1 & want$ to write him lett]s4 ,^? lett]s 7 volum9\s 7,i help$1 ,i am glad to say1 to swell _! volume71 & !y 7 g5]ally ins]t$ ) a g5]\s fulness4 ,?us 0 accid5tally discov]$ 7l ! /eam-eng9e7 ! great j\rnali/ic maxim--t if an editor c only make p angry en\gh1 !y w write half 8 newspap] = him = no?+4 ,"s hold t su* pap]s z ^! are sc>cely ! prop] objects ( s s]i\s a consid]ation2 b t c sc>cely be ma9ta9$ f a political or e?ical po9t ( view4 ,9 ?is problem ( ! mildness & tam5ess ( ! ,h>mswor? m9d !re is mirror$ ! outl9es ( a mu* l>g] problem :i* is ak9 to x4 ,! ,h>mswor?ian j\rnali/ beg9s ) a wor%ip ( success & viol5ce1 & ends 9 %e] timidity & m$iocrity4 ,b he is n alone 9 ?is1 nor does he come by ?is fate m]ely because he happ5s p]sonally to be /upid4 ,e man1 h[ev] brave1 :o beg9s by wor%ipp+ viol5ce1 mu/ end 9 m]e timidity4 ,e man1 h[ev] wise1 :o beg9s by wor%ipp+ success1 mu/ end 9 m]e m$iocrity4 ,?is /range & p>adoxical fate is involv$1 n 9 ! individual1 b 9 ! philosophy1 9 ! po9t ( view4 ,x is n ! folly ( ! man :i* br+s ab\t ?is necess>y fall2 x is 8 wisdom4 ,! wor%ip ( success is ! only "o out ( all possible wor%ips ( :i* ?is is true1 t its foll[]s are =$oom$ to become slaves & c[>ds4 ,a man may be a h]o = ! sake ( ,mrs4 ,gallup's ciph]s or = ! sake ( human sacrifice1 b n = ! sake ( success4 ,= obvi\sly a man may *oose to fail because he loves ,mrs4 ,gallup or human sacrifice2 b he _c *oose to fail because he loves success4 ,:5 ! te/ ( triumph is m5's te/ ( ev]y?+1 !y nev] endure long en\gh to triumph at all4 ,z long z matt]s are really hopeful1 hope is a m]e flatt]y or platitude2 x is only :5 ev]y?+ is hopeless t hope beg9s to be a /r5g? at all4 ,l all ! ,*ri/ian virtues1 x is z unreasonable z x is indisp5sable4 ,x 0 ?r\gh ?is fatal p>adox 9 ! nature ( ?+s t all ^! mod]n adv5tur]s come at la/ to a sort ( t$ium & acquiesc5ce4 ,!y desir$ /r5g?2 & to !m to desire /r5g? 0 to admire /r5g?2 to admire /r5g? 0 simply to admire ! /atu quo4 ,!y ?\ght t he :o wi%$ to be /rong ought to respect ! /rong4 ,!y did n realize ! obvi\s v]ity t he :o wi%es to be /rong mu/ despise ! /rong4 ,!y s\ght to be ev]y?+1 to h ! :ole =ce ( ! cosmos beh9d !m1 to h an en]gy t w\ld drive ! />s4 ,b !y did n realize ! two great facts--fir/1 t 9 ! attempt to be ev]y?+ ! fir/ & mo/ difficult /ep is to be some?+2 second1 t ! mom5t a man is some?+1 he is ess5tially defy+ ev]y?+4 ,! l[] animals1 say ! m5 ( sci5ce1 f\ght _! way up ) a bl9d selfi%ness4 ,if ?is be s1 ! only real moral ( x is t our unselfi%ness1 if x is to triumph1 mu/ be equally bl9d4 ,! mammo? did n put 8 head on "o side & wond] :e!r mammo?s 7 a little out ( date4 ,mammo?s 7 at lea/ z mu* up to date z t individual mammo? c\ld make !m4 ,! great elk did n say1 8,clov5 ho(s are v mu* worn n[40 ,he poli%$ 8 own weapons = 8 own use4 ,b 9 ! reason+ animal !re has aris5 a m horrible dang]1 t he may fail ?r\gh p]ceiv+ 8 own failure4 ,:5 mod]n sociologi/s talk ( ! necessity ( accommodat+ "o's self to ! tr5d ( ! "t1 !y =get t ! tr5d ( ! "t at its be/ consi/s entirely ( p :o w n accommodate !mselves to any?+4 ,at its wor/ x consi/s ( _m millions ( fright5$ creatures all accommodat+ !mselves to a tr5d t is n !re4 ,& t is becom+ m & m ! situation ( mod]n ,engl&4 ,e man speaks ( public op9ion1 & means by public op9ion1 public op9ion m9us 8 op9ion4 ,e man makes 8 contribution negative "u ! errone\s impression t ! next man's contribution is positive4 ,e man surr5d]s 8 fancy to a g5]al tone :i* is itself a surr5d]4 ,& ov] all ! he>tless & fatu\s unity spreads ?is new & we>isome & platitud9\s press1 incapable ( inv5tion1 incapable ( audacity1 capable only ( a s]vility all ! m contemptible because x is n ev5 a s]vility to ! /rong4 ,b all :o beg9 ) =ce & conque/ w end 9 ?is4 ,! *ief *>act]i/ic ( ! 8,new j\rnalism0 is simply t x is bad j\rnalism4 ,x is beyond all comp>ison ! mo/ %apeless1 c>eless1 & col\rless "w done 9 our day4 ,i read ye/]day a s5t5ce :i* %\ld be writt5 9 lett]s ( gold & adamant2 x is ! v motto ( ! new philosophy ( ,empire4 ,i f\nd x 7z ! read] has already eag]ly guess$7 9 ,pe>son's ,magaz9e1 :ile ,i 0 commun+ 7s\l to s\l7 ) ,mr4 ,c4 ,ar?ur ,pe>son1 ^: fir/ & suppress$ "n ,i am afraid is ,*ilp]ic4 ,x occurr$ 9 an article on ! ,am]ican ,presid5tial ,election4 ,?is is ! s5t5ce1 & e "o %\ld read x c>efully1 & roll x on ! tongue1 till all ! honey be ta/$4 8,a little s\nd common s5se (t5 goes fur!r ) an audi5ce ( ,am]ican work+-m5 ?an mu* high-fl[n argum5t4 ,a speak] :o1 z he br\ght =w>d 8 po9ts1 hamm]$ nails into a bo>d1 won hundr$s ( votes = 8 side at ! la/ ,presid5tial ,election40 ,i d n wi% to soil ?is p]fect ?+ ) comm5t2 ! words ( ,m]cury are h>% aft] ! songs ( ,apollo4 ,b j ?9k = a mom5t ( ! m9d1 ! /range inscrutable m9d1 ( ! man :o wrote t1 ( ! editor :o approv$ x1 ( ! p :o are probably impress$ by x1 ( ! incr$ible ,am]ican work+-man1 ( :om1 = all ,i "k1 x may be true4 ,?9k :at _! notion ( 8common s5se0 mu/ be6 ,x is delightful to realize t y & ,i are n[ able to w9 ?\s&s ( votes %\ld we ev] be engag$ 9 a ,presid5tial ,election1 by do+ some?+ ( ?is k9d4 ,= ,i suppose ! nails & ! bo>d are n ess5tial to ! exhibition ( 8common s5se20 !re may be v>iations4 ,we may read-- 8,a little common s5se impresses ,am]ican work+-m5 m ?an high-fl[n argum5t4 ,a speak] :o1 z he made 8 po9ts1 pull$ buttons (f 8 wai/coat1 won ?\s&s ( votes = 8 side40 ,or1 8,s\nd common s5se tells bett] 9 ,am]ica ?an high-fl[n argum5t4 ,?us ,s5ator ,budge1 :o ?rew 8 false tee? 9 ! air e "t he made an epigram1 won ! solid approval ( ,am]ican work+-m540 ,or aga91 8,! s\nd common s5se ( a g5tleman f ,e>lswood1 :o /uck /raws 9 8 hair dur+ ! progress ( 8 spee*1 assur$ ! victory ( ,mr4 ,roosevelt40 ,!re are _m o!r elem5ts 9 ?is article on :i* ,i %\ld love to l+]4 ,b ! matt] :i* ,i wi% to po9t out is t 9 t s5t5ce is p]fectly reveal$ ! :ole tru? ( :at our ,*amb]la9ites1 hu/l]s1 bu/l]s1 ,empire-build]s1 & /rong1 sil5t m51 really mean by 8commons5se40 ,!y mean knock+1 ) deaf5+ noise & dramatic effect1 mean+less bits ( iron into a useless bit ( wood4 ,a man goes on to an ,am]ican plat=m & behaves l a m\ntebank fool ) a bo>d & a hamm]2 well1 ,i d n blame him2 ,i might ev5 admire him4 ,he may be a da%+ & q dec5t /rategi/4 ,he may be a f9e romantic actor1 l ,burke fl++ ! dagg] on ! floor4 ,he may ev5 7= all ,i "k7 be a sublime my/ic1 pr(\ndly impress$ ) ! anci5t mean+ ( ! div9e trade ( ! ,c>p5t]1 & (f]+ to ! p a p>able 9 ! =m ( a c]emony4 ,all ,i wi% to indicate is ! abyss ( m5tal confusion 9 :i* su* wild ritualism c be call$ 8s\nd common s5se40 ,& x is 9 t abyss ( m5tal confusion1 & 9 t alone1 t ! new ,imp]ialism lives & moves & has its be+4 ,! :ole glory & greatness ( ,mr4 ,*amb]la9 consi/s 9 ?is3 t if a man hits ! "r nail on ! head nobody c>es :]e he hits x to or :at x does4 ,!y c>e ab\t ! noise ( ! hamm]1 n ab\t ! sil5t drip ( ! nail4 ,be=e & ?r\gh\t ! ,african w>1 ,mr4 ,*amb]la9 0 always knock+ 9 nails1 ) r++ decisiv5ess4 ,b :5 we ask1 8,b :at h ^! nails held toge!r8 ,:]e is y\r c>p5try8 ,:]e are y\r cont5t$ ,outl&]s8 ,:]e is y\r free ,s\? ,africa8 ,:]e is y\r ,briti% pre/ige8 ,:at h y\r nails done80 !n :at answ] is !re8 ,we mu/ g back 7) an affectionate sigh7 to our ,pe>son = ! answ] to ! "q ( :at ! nails h done3 8,! speak] :o hamm]$ nails into a bo>d won ?\s&s ( votes40 ,n[ ! :ole ( ?is passage is admirably *>act]i/ic ( ! new j\rnalism :i* ,mr4 ,pe>son repres5ts1 ! new j\rnalism :i* has j pur*as$ ! ,/&>d4 ,to take "o in/ance out ( hundr$s1 ! incomp>able man ) ! bo>d & nails is describ$ 9 ! ,pe>son's article z call+ out 7z he smote ! symbolic nail71 8,lie numb] "o4 ,nail$ to ! ,ma/6 ,nail$ to ! ,ma/60 ,9 ! :ole (fice !re 0 app>5tly no compositor or (fice-boy to po9t out t we speak ( lies be+ nail$ to ! c\nt]1 & n to ! ma/4 ,nobody 9 ! (fice knew t ,pe>son's ,magaz9e 0 fall+ into a /ale ,iri% bull1 :i* mu/ be z old z ,/4 ,patrick4 ,?is is ! real & ess5tial trag$y ( ! sale ( ! ,/&>d4 ,x is n m]ely t j\rnalism is victori\s ov] lit]ature4 ,x is t bad j\rnalism is victori\s ov] good j\rnalism4 ,x is n t "o article :i* we consid] co/ly & beautiful is be+ ou/$ by ano!r k9d ( article :i* we consid] common or unclean4 ,x is t ( ! same article a worse quality is pref]r$ to a bett]4 ,if y l popul> j\rnalism 7z ,i d71 y w "k t ,pe>son's ,magaz9e is poor & weak popul> j\rnalism4 ,y w "k x z c]ta9ly z y "k bad butt]4 ,y w "k z c]ta9ly t x is poor popul> j\rnalism z y "k t ! ,/r&1 9 ! great days ( ,%]lock ,holmes1 0 good popul> j\rnalism4 ,mr4 ,pe>son has be5 a monum5t ( ?is enorm\s banality4 ,ab\t ev]y?+ he says & does !re is some?+ inf9itely weak-m9d$4 ,he clam\rs = home trades & employs =eign ones to pr9t 8 pap]4 ,:5 ?is gl>+ fact is po9t$ out1 he does n say t ! ?+ 0 an ov]sight1 l a sane man4 ,he cuts x (f ) scissors1 l a *ild ( ?ree4 ,8 v cunn+ is infantile4 ,& l a *ild ( ?ree1 he does n cut x q (f4 ,9 all human records ,i d\bt if !re is su* an example ( a pr(\nd simplicity 9 deception4 ,?is is ! sort ( intellig5ce :i* n[ sits 9 ! seat ( ! sane & hon\rable old ,tory j\rnalism4 ,if x 7 really ! triumph ( ! tropical exub]ance ( ! ,yankee press1 x w\ld be vulg>1 b /ill tropical4 ,b x is n4 ,we are deliv]$ ov] to ! bramble1 & f ! meane/ ( ! %rubs comes ! fire ^u ! c$>s ( ,lebanon4 ,! only "q n[ is h[ mu* long] ! fiction w endure t j\rnali/s ( ?is ord] repres5t public op9ion4 ,x may be d\bt$ :e!r any hone/ & s]i\s ,t>iff ,re=m] w\ld = a mom5t ma9ta9 t !re 0 any majority = ,t>iff ,re=m 9 ! c\ntry comp>able to ! ludicr\s prepond]ance :i* money has giv5 x among ! great dailies4 ,! only inf]5ce is t = purposes ( real public op9ion ! press is n[ a m]e plutocratic olig>*y4 ,d\btless ! public buys ! w>es ( ^! m51 = "o reason or ano!r4 ,b !re is no m reason to suppose t ! public admires _! politics ?an t ! public admires ! delicate philosophy ( ,mr4 ,crosse or ! d>k] & /]n] cre$ ( ,mr4 ,blackwell4 ,if ^! m5 are m]ely tradesm51 !re is no?+ to say except t !re are pl5ty l !m 9 ! ,batt]sea ,p>k ,road1 & _m mu* bett]4 ,b if !y make any sort ( attempt to be politicians1 we c only po9t out to !m t !y are n z yet ev5 good j\rnali/s4 ,,ix4 ,! ,moods ( ,mr4 ,george ,moore ,mr4 ,george ,moore began 8 lit]>y c>e] by writ+ 8 p]sonal confessions2 nor is !re any h>m 9 ?is if he _h n cont9u$ !m = ! rema9d] ( 8 life4 ,he is a man ( g5u9ely =cible m9d & ( great comm& ov] a k9d ( rhetorical & fugitive conviction :i* excites & pleases4 ,he is 9 a p]petual /ate ( tempor>y hone/y4 ,he has admir$ all ! mo/ admirable mod]n ecc5trics until !y c\ld /& x no long]4 ,ev]y?+ he writes1 x is to be fully admitt$1 has a g5u9e m5tal p[]4 ,8 acc\nt ( 8 reason = leav+ ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* is possibly ! mo/ admirable tribute to t communion :i* has be5 writt5 ( late ye>s4 ,= ! fact ( ! matt] is1 t ! weakness :i* has r5d]$ b>r5 ! _m brilliancies ( ,mr4 ,moore is actually t weakness :i* ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur* is at its be/ 9 combat+4 ,mr4 ,moore hates ,ca?olicism because x breaks up ! h\se ( look+-glasses 9 :i* he lives4 ,mr4 ,moore does n dislike s mu* be+ ask$ to believe 9 ! spiritual exi/5ce ( miracles or sacram5ts1 b he does fundam5tally dislike be+ ask$ to believe 9 ! actual exi/5ce ( o!r p4 ,l 8 ma/] ,pat] & all ! ae/hetes1 8 real qu>rel ) life is t x is n a dream t c be m\ld$ by ! dream]4 ,x is n ! dogma ( ! reality ( ! o!r _w t tr\bles him1 b ! dogma ( ! reality ( ?is _w4 ,! tru? is t ! tradition ( ,*ri/ianity 7:i* is /ill ! only coh]5t e?ic ( ,europe7 re/s on two or ?ree p>adoxes or my/]ies :i* c easily be impugn$ 9 argum5t & z easily ju/ifi$ 9 life4 ,"o ( !m1 = in/ance1 is ! p>adox ( hope or fai?--t ! m hopeless is ! situation ! m hopeful mu/ be ! man4 ,/ev5son und]/ood ?is1 & consequ5tly ,mr4 ,moore _c und]/& ,/ev5son4 ,ano!r is ! p>adox ( *>ity or *ivalry t ! weak] a ?+ is ! m x %\ld be respect$1 t ! m indef5sible a ?+ is ! m x %\ld appeal to u = a c]ta9 k9d ( def5ce4 ,?ack]ay und]/ood ?is1 & !re=e ,mr4 ,moore does n und]/& ,?ack]ay4 ,n[1 "o ( ^! v practical & work+ my/]ies 9 ! ,*ri/ian tradition1 & "o :i* ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 z ,i say1 has done h] be/ "w 9 s+l+ out1 is ! conception ( ! s9fulness ( pride4 ,pride is a weakness 9 ! "*2 x dries up laught]1 x dries up wond]1 x dries up *ivalry & en]gy4 ,! ,*ri/ian tradition und]/&s ?is2 !re=e ,mr4 ,moore does n und]/& ! ,*ri/ian tradition4 ,= ! tru? is mu* /rang] ev5 ?an x appe>s 9 ! =mal doctr9e ( ! s9 ( pride4 ,x is n only true t humility is a mu* wis] & m vigor\s ?+ ?an pride4 ,x is also true t vanity is a mu* wis] & m vigor\s ?+ ?an pride4 ,vanity is social--x is almo/ a k9d ( comrade%ip2 pride is solit>y & unciviliz$4 ,vanity is active2 x desires ! applause ( inf9ite multitudes2 pride is passive1 desir+ only ! applause ( "o p]son1 :i* x already has4 ,vanity is humor\s1 & c enjoy ! joke ev5 ( itself2 pride is dull1 & _c ev5 smile4 ,& ! :ole ( ?is diff]5ce is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ,/ev5son & ,mr4 ,george ,moore1 :o1 z he in=ms u1 has 8bru%$ ,/ev5son aside40 ,i d n "k :]e he has be5 bru%$ to1 b :]ev] x is ,i fancy he is hav+ a good "t1 because he _h ! wisdom to be va91 & n pr\d4 ,/ev5son _h a w9dy vanity2 ,mr4 ,moore has a du/y egoism4 ,h5ce ,/ev5son c\ld amuse himself z well z u ) 8 vanity2 :ile ! ri*e/ effects ( ,mr4 ,moore's absurdity are hidd5 f 8 eyes4 ,if we comp>e ?is solemn folly ) ! happy folly ) :i* ,/ev5son belauds 8 own books & b]ates 8 own critics1 we %all n f9d x difficult to guess :y x is t ,/ev5son at lea/ f\nd a f9al philosophy ( "s sort to live by1 :ile ,mr4 ,moore is always walk+ ! _w look+ = a new "o4 ,/ev5son _h f\nd t ! secret ( life lies 9 laught] & humility4 ,self is ! gorgon4 ,vanity sees x 9 ! mirror ( o!r m5 & lives4 ,pride /udies x = itself & is turn$ to /one4 ,x is necess>y to dwell on ?is defect 9 ,mr4 ,moore1 because x is really ! weakness ( "w :i* is n )\t its /r5g?4 ,mr4 ,moore's egoism is n m]ely a moral weakness1 x is a v con/ant & influ5tial ae/hetic weakness z well4 ,we %\ld really be mu* m int]e/$ 9 ,mr4 ,moore if he 7 n q s int]e/$ 9 himself4 ,we feel z if we 7 be+ %[n ?r\gh a gall]y ( really f9e pictures1 into ea* ( :i*1 by "s useless & discordant conv5tion1 ! arti/ _h repres5t$ ! same figure 9 ! same attitude4 8,! ,gr& ,canal ) a di/ant view ( ,mr4 ,moore10 8,effect ( ,mr4 ,moore ?r\gh a ,scot* ,mi/10 8,mr4 ,moore by ,firelight10 8,ru9s ( ,mr4 ,moore by ,moonlight10 & s on1 seems to be ! endless s]ies4 ,he w\ld no d\bt reply t 9 su* a book z ?is he int5d$ to reveal himself4 ,b ! answ] is t 9 su* a book z ?is he does n succe$4 ,"o ( ! ?\s& objections to ! s9 ( pride lies precisely 9 ?is1 t self-consci\sness ( necessity de/roys self-revelation4 ,a man :o ?9ks a great deal ab\t himself w try to be _m-sid$1 attempt a !atrical excell5ce at all po9ts1 w try to be an encyclopa$ia ( culture1 & 8 own real p]sonality w be lo/ 9 t false univ]salism4 ,?9k+ ab\t himself w lead to try+ to be ! univ]se2 try+ to be ! univ]se w lead to ceas+ to be any?+4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 a man is s5sible en\gh to ?9k only ab\t ! univ]se2 he w ?9k ab\t x 9 8 own individual way4 ,he w keep virg9 ! secret ( ,god2 he w see ! grass z no o!r man c see x1 & look at a sun t no man has ev] kn[n4 ,?is fact is v practically br\ght out 9 ,mr4 ,moore's 8,confessions40 ,9 read+ !m we d n feel ! pres5ce ( a clean-cut p]sonality l t ( ,?ack]ay & ,mat!w ,arnold4 ,we only read a numb] ( q clev] & l>gely conflict+ op9ions :i* might be utt]$ by any clev] p]son1 b :i* we are call$ ^u to admire specifically1 because !y are utt]$ by ,mr4 ,moore4 ,he is ! only ?read t connects ,ca?olicism & ,prote/antism1 realism & my/icism--he or r 8 "n4 ,he is pr(\ndly absorb$ ev5 9 views he no long] holds1 & he expects u to be4 ,& he intrudes ! capital 8,i0 ev5 :]e x ne$ n be intrud$--ev5 :]e x weak5s ! =ce ( a pla9 /atem5t4 ,:]e ano!r man w\ld say1 8,x is a f9e day10 ,mr4 ,moore says1 8,se5 ?r\gh my temp]am5t1 ! day appe>$ f9e40 ,:]e ano!r man w\ld say 8,milton has obvi\sly a f9e /yle10 ,mr4 ,moore w\ld say1 8,z a /yli/ ,milton _h always impress$ me40 ,! ,nemesis ( ?is self-c5tr$ _s is t ( be+ totally ineffectual4 ,mr4 ,moore has />t$ _m int]e/+ crusades1 b he has ab&on$ !m be=e 8 disciples c\ld beg94 ,ev5 :5 he is on ! side ( ! tru? he is z fickle z ! *ildr5 ( falsehood4 ,ev5 :5 he has f\nd reality he _c f9d re/4 ,"o ,iri% quality he has :i* no ,iri%man 0 ev] )\t--pugnacity2 & t is c]ta9ly a great virtue1 especially 9 ! pres5t age4 ,b he has n ! t5acity ( conviction :i* goes ) ! fight+ _s 9 a man l ,b]n>d ,%aw4 ,8 weakness ( introspection & selfi%ness 9 all _! glory _c prev5t him fight+2 b !y w always prev5t him w9n+4 ,x4 ,on ,s&als & ,simplicity ,! great mis=tune ( ! mod]n ,engli% is n at all t !y are m boa/ful ?an o!r p 7!y are n72 x is t !y are boa/ful ab\t ^? p>ticul> ?+s :i* nobody c boa/ ( )\t los+ !m4 ,a ,fr5*man c be pr\d ( be+ bold & logical1 & /ill rema9 bold & logical4 ,a ,g]man c be pr\d ( be+ reflective & ord]ly1 & /ill rema9 reflective & ord]ly4 ,b an ,engli%man _c be pr\d ( be+ simple & direct1 & /ill rema9 simple & direct4 ,9 ! matt] ( ^! /range virtues1 to "k !m is to kill !m4 ,a man may be consci\s ( be+ h]oic or consci\s ( be+ div9e1 b he _c 79 spite ( all ! ,anglo-,saxon poets7 be consci\s ( be+ unconsci\s4 ,n[1 ,i d n ?9k t x c be hone/ly d5i$ t "s portion ( ?is impossibility atta*es to a class v diff]5t 9 _! own op9ion1 at lea/1 to ! s*ool ( ,anglo-,saxonism4 ,i mean t s*ool ( ! simple life1 commonly associat$ ) ,tol/oy4 ,if a p]petual talk ab\t "o's own robu/ness leads to be+ less robu/1 x is ev5 m true t a p]petual talk+ ab\t "o's own simplicity leads to be+ less simple4 ,"o great compla9t1 ,i ?9k1 mu/ /& aga9/ ! mod]n uphold]s ( ! simple life--! simple life 9 all its v>i$ =ms1 f veget>ianism to ! hon\rable consi/5cy ( ! ,d\khobors4 ,?is compla9t aga9/ !m /&s1 t !y w\ld make u simple 9 ! unimportant ?+s1 b complex 9 ! important ?+s4 ,!y w\ld make u simple 9 ! ?+s t d n matt]--t is1 9 diet1 9 co/ume1 9 etiquette1 9 economic sy/em4 ,b !y w\ld make u complex 9 ! ?+s t d matt]--9 philosophy1 9 loyalty1 9 spiritual acceptance1 & spiritual rejection4 ,x does n s v mu* matt] :e!r a man eats a grill$ tomato or a pla9 tomato2 x does v mu* matt] :e!r he eats a pla9 tomato ) a grill$ m9d4 ,! only k9d ( simplicity wor? pres]v+ is ! simplicity ( ! he>t1 ! simplicity :i* accepts & enjoys4 ,!re may be a reasonable d\bt z to :at sy/em pres]ves ?is2 !re c surely be no d\bt t a sy/em ( simplicity de/roys x4 ,!re is m simplicity 9 ! man :o eats cavi> on impulse ?an 9 ! man :o eats grape-nuts on pr9ciple4 ,! *ief error ( ^! p is to be f\nd 9 ! v phrase to :i* !y are mo/ atta*$--8pla9 liv+ & high ?9k+40 ,^! p d n /& 9 ne$ (1 w n be improv$ by1 pla9 liv+ & high ?9k+4 ,!y /& 9 ne$ ( ! contr>y4 ,!y w\ld be improv$ by high liv+ & pla9 ?9k+4 ,a little high liv+ 7,i say1 hav+ a full s5se ( responsibility1 a little high liv+7 w\ld tea* !m ! =ce & mean+ ( ! human fe/ivities1 ( ! banquet t has gone on f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w4 ,x w\ld tea* !m ! hi/oric fact t ! artificial is1 if any?+1 old] ?an ! natural4 ,x w\ld tea* !m t ! lov+-cup is z old z any hung]4 ,x w\ld tea* !m t ritualism is old] ?an any religion4 ,& a little pla9 ?9k+ w\ld tea* !m h[ h>% & fanciful are ! mass ( _! own e?ics1 h[ v civiliz$ & v complicat$ mu/ be ! bra9 ( ! ,tol/oyan :o really believes x to be evil to love "o's c\ntry & wick$ to /rike a bl[4 ,a man approa*es1 we>+ s&als & simple raim5t1 a raw tomato held firmly 9 8 "r h&1 & says1 8,! affections ( family & c\ntry alike are h9drances to ! full] developm5t ( human love20 b ! pla9 ?9k] w only answ] him1 ) a wond] n unt+$ ) admiration1 8,:at a great deal ( tr\ble y mu/ h tak5 9 ord] to feel l t40 ,high liv+ w reject ! tomato4 ,pla9 ?9k+ w equally decisively reject ! idea ( ! inv>iable s9fulness ( w>4 ,high liv+ w conv9ce u t no?+ is m mat]iali/ic ?an to despise a pleasure z purely mat]ial4 ,& pla9 ?9k+ w conv9ce u t no?+ is m mat]iali/ic ?an to res]ve our horror *iefly = mat]ial w\nds4 ,! only simplicity t matt]s is ! simplicity ( ! he>t4 ,if t be gone1 x c be br\ght back by no turnips or cellul> clo?+2 b only by te>s & t]ror & ! fires t are n qu5*$4 ,if t rema91 x matt]s v little if a few ,e>ly ,victorian arm*airs rema9 along ) x4 ,let u put a complex entree into a simple old g5tleman2 let u n put a simple entree into a complex old g5tleman4 ,s long z human society w leave my spiritual inside alone1 ,i w all[ x1 ) a comp>ative submission1 to "w its wild w ) my physical int]ior4 ,i w submit to cig>s4 ,i w meekly embrace a bottle ( ,burgundy4 ,i w humble myself to a hansom cab4 ,if only by ?is means ,i may pres]ve to myself ! virg9ity ( ! _s1 :i* enjoys ) a/oni%m5t & fe>4 ,i d n say t ^! are ! only me?ods ( pres]v+ x4 ,i incl9e to ! belief t !re are o!rs4 ,b ,i w h no?+ to d ) simplicity :i* lacks ! fe>1 ! a/oni%m5t1 & ! joy alike4 ,i w h no?+ to d ) ! devili% vision ( a *ild :o is too simple to l toys4 ,! *ild is1 inde$1 9 ^!1 & _m o!r matt]s1 ! be/ guide4 ,& 9 no?+ is ! *ild s righte\sly *ildlike1 9 no?+ does he exhibit m accurately ! s\nd] ord] ( simplicity1 ?an 9 ! fact t he sees ev]y?+ ) a simple pleasure1 ev5 ! complex ?+s4 ,! false type ( naturalness h>ps always on ! di/9ction betwe5 ! natural & ! artificial4 ,! high] k9d ( naturalness ignores t di/9ction4 ,to ! *ild ! tree & ! lamp-po/ are z natural & z artificial z ea* o!r2 or r1 nei!r ( !m are natural b bo? sup]natural4 ,= bo? are spl5did & unexpla9$4 ,! fl[] ) :i* ,god cr[ns ! "o1 & ! flame ) :i* ,sam ! lamplight] cr[ns ! o!r1 are equally ( ! gold ( fairy-tales4 ,9 ! middle ( ! wilde/ fields ! mo/ ru/ic *ild is1 t5 to "o1 play+ at /eam-eng9es4 ,& ! only spiritual or philosophical objection to /eam-eng9es is n t m5 pay = !m or "w at !m1 or make !m v ugly1 or ev5 t m5 are kill$ by !m2 b m]ely t m5 d n play at !m4 ,! evil is t ! *ildi% poetry ( clockwork does n rema94 ,! wrong is n t eng9es are too mu* admir$1 b t !y are n admir$ en\gh4 ,! s9 is n t eng9es are me*anical1 b t m5 are me*anical4 ,9 ?is matt]1 !n1 z 9 all ! o!r matt]s treat$ 9 ?is book1 our ma9 conclusion is t x is a fundam5tal po9t ( view1 a philosophy or religion :i* is ne$$1 & n any *ange 9 habit or social r\t9e4 ,! ?+s we ne$ mo/ = imm$iate practical purposes are all ab/ractions4 ,we ne$ a "r view ( ! human lot1 a "r view ( ! human society2 & if we 7 liv+ eag]ly & angrily 9 ! en?usiasm ( ^? ?+s1 we %\ld1 ipso facto1 be liv+ simply 9 ! g5u9e & spiritual s5se4 ,desire & dang] make e "o simple4 ,& to ^? :o talk to u ) int]f]+ eloqu5ce ab\t ,jaeg] & ! pores ( ! sk91 & ab\t ,plasmon & ! coats ( ! /oma*1 at !m %all only be hurl$ ! words t are hurl$ at fops & gluttons1 8,take no ?\ght :at ye %all eat or :at ye %all dr9k1 or :]e)al ye %all be clo!d4 ,= aft] all ^! ?+s d ! ,g5tiles seek4 ,b seek fir/ ! k+dom ( ,god & ,8 righte\sness1 & all ^! ?+s %all be add$ unto y40 ,^? amaz+ words are n only extraord9>ily good1 practical politics2 !y are also sup]latively good hygi5e4 ,! "o supreme way ( mak+ all ^? processes g "r1 ! processes ( heal?1 & /r5g?1 & grace1 & beauty1 ! "o & only way ( mak+ c]ta9 ( _! accuracy1 is to ?9k ab\t some?+ else4 ,if a man is b5t on climb+ into ! sev5? heav51 he may be q easy ab\t ! pores ( 8 sk94 ,if he h>nesses 8 waggon to a />1 ! process w h a mo/ satisfactory effect ^u ! coats ( 8 /oma*4 ,= ! ?+ call$ 8tak+ ?\ght10 ! ?+ = :i* ! be/ mod]n ^w is 8rationaliz+10 is 9 its nature1 inapplicable to all pla9 & urg5t ?+s4 ,m5 take ?\ght & pond] rationali/ically1 t\*+ remote ?+s--?+s t only !oretically matt]1 su* z ! transit ( ,v5us4 ,b only at _! p]il c m5 rationalize ab\t s practical a matt] z heal?4 ,,xi4 ,sci5ce & ! ,savages ,a p]man5t disadvantage ( ! /udy ( folk-lore & k9dr$ subjects is t ! man ( sci5ce c h>dly be 9 ! nature ( ?+s v frequ5tly a man ( ! _w4 ,he is a /ud5t ( nature2 he is sc>cely ev] a /ud5t ( human nature4 ,& ev5 :]e ?is difficulty is ov]come1 & he is 9 "s s5se a /ud5t ( human nature1 ?is is only a v fa9t beg9n+ ( ! pa9ful progress t[>ds be+ human4 ,= ! /udy ( primitive race & religion /&s ap>t 9 "o important respect f all1 or ne>ly all1 ! ord9>y sci5tific /udies4 ,a man c und]/& a/ronomy only by be+ an a/ronom]2 he c und]/& entomology only by be+ an entomologi/ 7or1 p]haps1 an insect72 b he c und]/& a great deal ( an?ropology m]ely by be+ a man4 ,he is himself ! animal :i* he /udies4 ,h5ce arises ! fact :i* /rikes ! eye ev]y:]e 9 ! records ( e?nology & folk-lore--! fact t ! same frigid & deta*$ _s :i* leads to success 9 ! /udy ( a/ronomy or botany leads to disa/] 9 ! /udy ( my?ology or human orig9s4 ,x is necess>y to cease to be a man 9 ord] to d ju/ice to a microbe2 x is n necess>y to cease to be a man 9 ord] to d ju/ice to m54 ,t same suppression ( sympa?ies1 t same wav+ away ( intuitions or guess-"w :i* make a man pret]naturally clev] 9 deal+ ) ! /oma* ( a spid]1 w make him pret]naturally /upid 9 deal+ ) ! he>t ( man4 ,he is mak+ himself inhuman 9 ord] to und]/& humanity4 ,an ignorance ( ! o!r _w is boa/$ by _m m5 ( sci5ce2 b 9 ?is matt] _! defect arises1 n f ignorance ( ! o!r _w1 b f ignorance ( ?is _w4 ,= ! secrets ab\t :i* an?ropologi/s conc]n !mselves c be be/ le>nt1 n f books or voyages1 b f ! ord9>y comm]ce ( man ) man4 ,! secret ( :y "s savage tribe wor%ips monkeys or ! moon is n to be f\nd ev5 by travell+ among ^? savages & tak+ d[n _! answ]s 9 a notebook1 al?\gh ! clev]e/ man may pursue ?is c\rse4 ,! answ] to ! riddle is 9 ,engl&2 x is 9 ,london2 nay1 x is 9 8 own he>t4 ,:5 a man has discov]$ :y m5 9 ,bond ,/reet we> black hats he w at ! same mom5t h discov]$ :y m5 9 ,timbuctoo we> r$ fea!rs4 ,! my/]y 9 ! he>t ( "s savage w>-dance %\ld n be /udi$ 9 books ( sci5tific travel2 x %\ld be /udi$ at a subscription ball4 ,if a man desires to f9d out ! orig9s ( religions1 let him n g to ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s2 let him g to *ur*4 ,if a man wi%es to "k ! orig9 ( human society1 to "k :at society1 philosophically speak+1 really is1 let him n g into ! ,briti% ,museum2 let him g into society4 ,?is total misund]/&+ ( ! real nature ( c]emonial gives rise to ! mo/ awkw>d & dehumaniz$ v]sions ( ! conduct ( m5 9 rude l&s or ages4 ,! man ( sci5ce1 n realiz+ t c]emonial is ess5tially a ?+ :i* is done )\t a reason1 has to f9d a reason = e sort ( c]emonial1 &1 z might be suppos$1 ! reason is g5]ally a v absurd "o--absurd because x orig9ates n 9 ! simple m9d ( ! b>b>ian1 b 9 ! sophi/icat$ m9d ( ! pr(essor4 ,! team$ man w say1 = in/ance1 8,! natives ( ,mumbojumbo ,l& believe t ! dead man c eat & w require food ^u 8 j\rney to ! o!r _w4 ,?is is atte/$ by ! fact t !y place food 9 ! grave1 & t any family n comply+ ) ?is rite is ! object ( ! ang] ( ! prie/s & ! tribe40 ,to any "o acqua9t$ ) humanity ?is way ( talk+ is topsy-turvy4 ,x is l say+1 8,! ,engli% 9 ! tw5tie? c5tury believ$ t a dead man c\ld smell4 ,?is is atte/$ by ! fact t !y always cov]$ 8 grave ) lilies1 violets1 or o!r fl[]s4 ,"s prie/ly & tribal t]rors 7 evid5tly atta*$ to ! neglect ( ?is action1 z we h records ( sev]al old ladies :o 7 v mu* di/urb$ 9 m9d because _! wrea?s _h n arriv$ 9 "t = ! fun]al40 ,x may be ( c\rse t savages put food ) a dead man because !y ?9k t a dead man c eat1 or weapons ) a dead man because !y ?9k t a dead man c fight4 ,b p]sonally ,i d n believe t !y ?9k any?+ ( ! k9d4 ,i believe !y put food or weapons on ! dead = ! same reason t we put fl[]s1 because x is an exce$+ly natural & obvi\s ?+ to d4 ,we d n und]/&1 x is true1 ! emotion :i* makes u ?9k x obvi\s & natural2 b t is because1 l all ! important emotions ( human exi/5ce x is ess5tially irrational4 ,we d n und]/& ! savage = ! same reason t ! savage does n und]/& himself4 ,& ! savage does n und]/& himself = ! same reason t we d n und]/& ourselves ei!r4 ,! obvi\s tru? is t ! mom5t any matt] has pass$ ?r\gh ! human m9d x is f9ally & = ev] spoilt = all purposes ( sci5ce4 ,x has become a ?+ incurably my/]i\s & inf9ite2 ?is mortal has put on immortality4 ,ev5 :at we call our mat]ial desires are spiritual1 because !y are human4 ,sci5ce c analyse a pork-*op1 & say h[ mu* ( x is phosphorus & h[ mu* is prote92 b sci5ce _c analyse any man's wi% = a pork-*op1 & say h[ mu* ( x is hung]1 h[ mu* cu/om1 h[ mu* n]v\s fancy1 h[ mu* a haunt+ love ( ! beautiful4 ,! man's desire = ! pork-*op rema9s lit]ally z my/ical & e!real z 8 desire = heav54 ,all attempts1 !re=e1 at a sci5ce ( any human ?+s1 at a sci5ce ( hi/ory1 a sci5ce ( folk-lore1 a sci5ce ( sociology1 are by _! nature n m]ely hopeless1 b crazy4 ,y c no m be c]ta9 9 economic hi/ory t a man's desire = money 0 m]ely a desire = money ?an y c be c]ta9 9 hagiology t a sa9t's desire = ,god 0 m]ely a desire = ,god4 ,& ?is k9d ( vagu5ess 9 ! prim>y ph5om5a ( ! /udy is an absolutely f9al bl[ to any?+ 9 ! nature ( a sci5ce4 ,m5 c con/ruct a sci5ce ) v few in/rum5ts1 or ) v pla9 in/rum5ts2 b no "o on e>? c\ld con/ruct a sci5ce ) unreliable in/rum5ts4 ,a man might "w out ! :ole ( ma!matics ) a h&ful ( pebbles1 b n ) a h&ful ( clay :i* 0 always fall+ ap>t into new fragm5ts1 & fall+ toge!r into new comb9ations4 ,a man might measure heav5 & e>? ) a re$1 b n ) a gr[+ re$4 ,z "o ( ! enorm\s follies ( folk-lore1 let u take ! case ( ! transmigration ( /ories1 & ! alleg$ unity ( _! s\rce4 ,/ory aft] /ory ! sci5tific my?ologi/s h cut out ( its place 9 hi/ory1 & p9n$ side by side ) simil> /ories 9 _! museum ( fables4 ,! process is indu/ri\s1 x is fasc9at+1 & ! :ole ( x re/s on "o ( ! pla9e/ fallacies 9 ! _w4 ,t a /ory has be5 told all ov] ! place at "s "t or o!r1 n only does n prove t x nev] really happ5$2 x does n ev5 fa9tly indicate or make slightly m probable t x nev] happ5$4 ,t a l>ge numb] ( fi%]m5 h falsely ass]t$ t !y h caught a pike two feet long1 does n 9 ! lea/ affect ! "q ( :e!r any "o ev] really did s4 ,t numb]less j\rnali/s ann\nce a ,franco-,g]man w> m]ely = money is no evid5ce "o way or ! o!r ^u ! d>k "q ( :e!r su* a w> ev] occurr$4 ,d\btless 9 a few hundr$ ye>s ! innum]able ,franco-,g]man w>s t did n happ5 w h cle>$ ! sci5tific m9d ( any belief 9 ! leg5d>y w> ( '#gj :i* did4 ,b t w be because if folk-lore /ud5ts rema9 at all1 _! nature w be un*ang$2 & _! s]vices to folk-lore w be /ill z !y are at pres5t1 great] ?an !y "k4 ,= 9 tru? ^! m5 d some?+ f> m god-l ?an /udy+ leg5ds2 !y create !m4 ,!re are two k9ds ( /ories :i* ! sci5ti/s say _c be true1 because ev]ybody tells !m4 ,! fir/ class consi/s ( ! /ories :i* are told ev]y:]e1 because !y are some:at odd or clev]2 !re is no?+ 9 ! _w to prev5t _! hav+ happ5$ to somebody z an adv5ture any m ?an !re is any?+ to prev5t _! hav+ occurr$1 z !y c]ta9ly did occur1 to somebody z an idea4 ,b !y are n likely to h happ5$ to _m p4 ,! second class ( _! 8my?s0 consi/ ( ! /ories t are told ev]y:]e = ! simple reason t !y happ5 ev]y:]e4 ,( ! fir/ class1 = in/ance1 we might take su* an example z ! /ory ( ,william ,tell1 n[ g5]ally rank$ among leg5ds ^u ! sole gr\nd t x is f\nd 9 ! tales ( o!r peoples4 ,n[1 x is obvi\s t ?is 0 told ev]y:]e because :e!r true or fictiti\s x is :at is call$ 8a good /ory20 x is odd1 excit+1 & x has a climax4 ,b to sugge/ t "s su* ecc5tric incid5t c nev] h happ5$ 9 ! :ole hi/ory ( ar*]y1 or t x did n happ5 to any p>ticul> p]son ( :om x is told1 is />k impud5ce4 ,! idea ( %oot+ at a m>k atta*$ to "s valuable or belov$ p]son is an idea d\btless t might easily h occurr$ to any inv5tive poet4 ,b x is also an idea t might easily occur to any boa/ful ar*]4 ,x might be "o ( ! fanta/ic caprices ( "s /ory-tell]4 ,x might equally well be "o ( ! fanta/ic caprices ( "s tyrant4 ,x might occur fir/ 9 real life & aft]w>ds occur 9 leg5ds4 ,or x might j z well occur fir/ 9 leg5ds & aft]w>ds occur 9 real life4 ,if no apple has ev] be5 %ot (f a boy's head f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 x may be done to-morr[ morn+1 & by somebody :o has nev] he>d ( ,william ,tell4 ,?is type ( tale1 inde$1 may be pretty fairly p>allel$ ) ! ord9>y anecdote t]m9at+ 9 a rep>tee or an ,iri% bull4 ,su* a retort z ! fam\s 8je ne vois pas la necessite0 we h all se5 attribut$ to ,talleyr&1 to ,voltaire1 to ,h5ri ,quatre1 to an anonym\s judge1 & s on4 ,b ?is v>iety does n 9 any way make x m likely t ! ?+ 0 nev] said at all4 ,x is highly likely t x 0 really said by somebody unkn[n4 ,x is highly likely t x 0 really said by ,talleyr&4 ,9 any case1 x is n any m difficult to believe t ! mot might h occurr$ to a man 9 conv]sation ?an to a man writ+ memoirs4 ,x might h occurr$ to any ( ! m5 ,i h m5tion$4 ,b !re is ?is po9t ( di/9ction ab\t x1 t x is n likely to h occurr$ to all ( !m4 ,& ?is is :]e ! fir/ class ( s-call$ my? diff]s f ! second to :i* ,i h previ\sly ref]r$4 ,= !re is a second class ( incid5t f\nd to be common to ! /ories ( five or six h]oes1 say to ,sigurd1 to ,h]cules1 to ,ru/em1 to ! ,cid1 & s on4 ,& ! peculi>ity ( ?is my? is t n only is x highly reasonable to imag9e t x really happ5$ to "o h]o1 b x is highly reasonable to imag9e t x really happ5$ to all ( !m4 ,su* a /ory1 = in/ance1 is t ( a great man hav+ 8 /r5g? sway$ or ?w>t$ by ! my/]i\s weakness ( a woman4 ,! anecdotal /ory1 ! /ory ( ,william ,tell1 is z ,i h said1 popul>1 because x is peculi>4 ,b ?is k9d ( /ory1 ! /ory ( ,samson & ,delilah ( ,ar?ur & ,gu9ev]e1 is obvi\sly popul> because x is n peculi>4 ,x is popul> z good1 quiet fiction is popul>1 because x tells ! tru? ab\t p4 ,if ! ru9 ( ,samson by a woman1 & ! ru9 ( ,h]cules by a woman1 h a common leg5d>y orig91 x is gratify+ to "k t we c also expla91 z a fable1 ! ru9 ( ,nelson by a woman & ! ru9 ( ,p>nell by a woman4 ,&1 inde$1 ,i h no d\bt :atev] t1 "s c5turies h5ce1 ! /ud5ts ( folk-lore w refuse altoge!r to believe t ,elizabe? ,b>rett elop$ ) ,rob]t ,br[n+1 & w prove _! po9t up to ! hilt by ! unque/ionable fact t ! :ole fiction ( ! p]iod 0 full ( su* elopem5ts f end to end4 ,possibly ! mo/ pa!tic ( all ! delusions ( ! mod]n /ud5ts ( primitive belief is ! notion !y h ab\t ! ?+ !y call an?ropomorphism4 ,!y believe t primitive m5 attribut$ ph5om5a to a god 9 human =m 9 ord] to expla9 !m1 because 8 m9d 9 its sull5 limitation c\ld n rea* any fur!r ?an 8 own cl[ni% exi/5ce4 ,! ?und] 0 call$ ! voice ( a man1 ! lightn+ ! eyes ( a man1 because by ?is explanation !y 7 made m reasonable & com=table4 ,! f9al cure = all ?is k9d ( philosophy is to walk d[n a lane at night4 ,any "o :o does s w discov] v quickly t m5 pictur$ some?+ semi-human at ! back ( all ?+s1 n because su* a ?\ght 0 natural1 b because x 0 sup]natural2 n because x made ?+s m compreh5sible1 b because x made !m a hundr$ times m incompreh5sible & my/]i\s4 ,= a man walk+ d[n a lane at night c see ! conspicu\s fact t z long z nature keeps to h] own c\rse1 %e has no p[] ) u at all4 ,z long z a tree is a tree1 x is a top-heavy mon/] ) a hundr$ arms1 a ?\s& tongues1 & only "o leg4 ,b s long z a tree is a tree1 x does n fright5 u at all4 ,x beg9s to be some?+ ali51 to be some?+ /range1 only :5 x looks l ourselves4 ,:5 a tree really looks l a man our knees knock "u u4 ,& :5 ! :ole univ]se looks l a man we fall on our faces4 ,,xii4 ,paganism & ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son ,( ! ,new ,paganism 7or neo-,paganism71 z x 0 prea*$ flamboyantly by ,mr4 ,sw9burne or delicately by ,walt] ,pat]1 !re is no necessity to take any v grave acc\nt1 except z a ?+ :i* left beh9d x incomp>able ex]cises 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,! ,new ,paganism is no long] new1 & x nev] at any "t bore ! smalle/ resemblance to ,paganism4 ,! ideas ab\t ! anci5t civilization :i* x has left loose 9 ! public m9d are c]ta9ly extraord9>y en\gh4 ,! t]m 8pagan0 is cont9ually us$ 9 fiction & light lit]ature z mean+ a man )\t any religion1 :]eas a pagan 0 g5]ally a man ) ab\t half a doz54 ,! pagans1 accord+ to ?is notion1 7 cont9ually cr[n+ !mselves ) fl[]s & danc+ ab\t 9 an irresponsible /ate1 :]eas1 if !re 7 two ?+s t ! be/ pagan civilization did hone/ly believe 91 !y 7 a r too rigid dignity & a mu* too rigid responsibility4 ,pagans are depict$ z above all ?+s inebriate & lawless1 :]eas !y 7 above all ?+s reasonable & respectable4 ,!y are prais$ z disob$i5t :5 !y _h only "o great virtue--civic ob$i5ce4 ,!y are envi$ & admir$ z %amelessly happy :5 !y _h only "o great s9--despair4 ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son1 ! mo/ pregnant & provocative ( rec5t writ]s on ?is & simil> subjects1 is f> too solid a man to h fall5 into ?is old error ( ! m]e an>*y ( ,paganism4 ,9 ord] to make hay ( t ,hell5ic en?usiasm :i* has z its ideal m]e appetite & egotism1 x is n necess>y to "k mu* philosophy1 b m]ely to "k a little ,greek4 ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son kn[s a great deal ( philosophy1 & also a great deal ( ,greek1 & 8 error1 if error he has1 is n t ( ! crude h$oni/4 ,b ! contra/ :i* he (f]s betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & ,paganism 9 ! matt] ( moral ideals--a contra/ :i* he /ates v ably 9 a pap] call$ 8,h[ long halt ye80 :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,indep5d5t ,review--does1 ,i ?9k1 conta9 an error ( a deep] k9d4 ,accord+ to him1 ! ideal ( ,paganism 0 n1 inde$1 a m]e fr5zy ( lu/ & lib]ty & caprice1 b 0 an ideal ( full & satisfi$ humanity4 ,accord+ to him1 ! ideal ( ,*ri/ianity 0 ! ideal ( asceticism4 ,:5 ,i say t ,i ?9k ?is idea :olly wrong z a matt] ( philosophy & hi/ory1 ,i am n talk+ = ! mom5t ab\t any ideal ,*ri/ianity ( my own1 or ev5 ( any primitive ,*ri/ianity undefil$ by aft] ev5ts4 ,i am n1 l s _m mod]n ,*ri/ian ideali/s1 bas+ my case ^u c]ta9 ?+s :i* ,*ri/ said4 ,nei!r am ,i1 l s _m o!r ,*ri/ian ideali/s1 bas+ my case ^u c]ta9 ?+s t ,*ri/ =got to say4 ,i take hi/oric ,*ri/ianity ) all its s9s ^u its head2 ,i take x1 z ,i w\ld take ,jacob9ism1 or ,mormonism1 or any o!r mix$ or unpleas+ human product1 & ,i say t ! mean+ ( its action 0 n to be f\nd 9 asceticism4 ,i say t its po9t ( dep>ture f ,paganism 0 n asceticism4 ,i say t its po9t ( diff]5ce ) ! mod]n _w 0 n asceticism4 ,i say t ,/4 ,simeon ,/ylites _h n 8 ma9 inspiration 9 asceticism4 ,i say t ! ma9 ,*ri/ian impulse _c be describ$ z asceticism1 ev5 9 ! ascetics4 ,let me set ab\t mak+ ! matt] cle>4 ,!re is "o broad fact ab\t ! relations ( ,*ri/ianity & ,paganism :i* is s simple t _m w smile at x1 b :i* is s important t all mod]ns =get x4 ,! prim>y fact ab\t ,*ri/ianity & ,paganism is t "o came aft] ! o!r4 ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son speaks ( !m z if !y 7 p>allel ideals--ev5 speaks z if ,paganism 7 ! new] ( ! two1 & ! m fitt$ = a new age4 ,he sugge/s t ! ,pagan ideal w be ! ultimate good ( man2 b if t is s1 we mu/ at lea/ ask ) m curiosity ?an he all[s =1 :y x 0 t man actually f\nd 8 ultimate good on e>? "u ! />s1 & ?rew x away aga94 ,x is ?is extraord9>y enigma to :i* ,i propose to attempt an answ]4 ,!re is only "o ?+ 9 ! mod]n _w t has be5 face to face ) ,paganism2 !re is only "o ?+ 9 ! mod]n _w :i* 9 t s5se kn[s any?+ ab\t ,paganism3 & t is ,*ri/ianity4 ,t fact is really ! weak po9t 9 ! :ole ( t h$oni/ic neo-,paganism ( :i* ,i h spok54 ,all t g5u9ely rema9s ( ! anci5t hymns or ! anci5t dances ( ,europe1 all t has hone/ly come to u f ! fe/ivals ( ,phoebus or ,pan1 is to be f\nd 9 ! fe/ivals ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,if any "o wants to hold ! end ( a *a9 :i* really goes back to ! hea!n my/]ies1 he _h bett] take hold ( a fe/oon ( fl[]s at ,ea/] or a /r+ ( sausages at ,*ri/mas4 ,ev]y?+ else 9 ! mod]n _w is ( ,*ri/ian orig91 ev5 ev]y?+ t seems mo/ anti-,*ri/ian4 ,! ,fr5* ,revolution is ( ,*ri/ian orig94 ,! newspap] is ( ,*ri/ian orig94 ,! an>*i/s are ( ,*ri/ian orig94 ,physical sci5ce is ( ,*ri/ian orig94 ,! attack on ,*ri/ianity is ( ,*ri/ian orig94 ,!re is "o ?+1 & "o ?+ only1 9 exi/5ce at ! pres5t day :i* c 9 any s5se accurately be said to be ( pagan orig91 & t is ,*ri/ianity4 ,! real diff]5ce betwe5 ,paganism & ,*ri/ianity is p]fectly summ$ up 9 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! pagan1 or natural1 virtues1 & ^? ?ree virtues ( ,*ri/ianity :i* ! ,*ur* ( ,rome calls virtues ( grace4 ,! pagan1 or rational1 virtues are su* ?+s z ju/ice & temp]ance1 & ,*ri/ianity has adopt$ !m4 ,! ?ree my/ical virtues :i* ,*ri/ianity has n adopt$1 b inv5t$1 are fai?1 hope1 & *>ity4 ,n[ mu* easy & fooli% ,*ri/ian rhetoric c\ld easily be p\r$ out ^u ^? ?ree words1 b ,i desire to conf9e myself to ! two facts :i* are evid5t ab\t !m4 ,! fir/ evid5t fact 79 m>k$ contra/ to ! delusion ( ! danc+ pagan7--! fir/ evid5t fact1 ,i say1 is t ! pagan virtues1 su* z ju/ice & temp]ance1 are ! sad virtues1 & t ! my/ical virtues ( fai?1 hope1 & *>ity are ! gay & exub]ant virtues4 ,& ! second evid5t fact1 :i* is ev5 m evid5t1 is ! fact t ! pagan virtues are ! reasonable virtues1 & t ! ,*ri/ian virtues ( fai?1 hope1 & *>ity are 9 _! ess5ce z unreasonable z !y c be4 ,z ! ^w 8unreasonable0 is op5 to misund]/&+1 ! matt] may be m accurately put by say+ t ea* "o ( ^! ,*ri/ian or my/ical virtues involves a p>adox 9 its own nature1 & t ?is is n true ( any ( ! typically pagan or rationali/ virtues4 ,ju/ice consi/s 9 f9d+ out a c]ta9 ?+ due to a c]ta9 man & giv+ x to him4 ,temp]ance consi/s 9 f9d+ out ! prop] limit ( a p>ticul> indulg5ce & adh]+ to t4 ,b *>ity means p>don+ :at is unp>donable1 or x is no virtue at all4 ,hope means hop+ :5 ?+s are hopeless1 or x is no virtue at all4 ,& fai? means believ+ ! incr$ible1 or x is no virtue at all4 ,x is some:at amus+1 inde$1 to notice ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! fate ( ^! ?ree p>adoxes 9 ! fa%ion ( ! mod]n m9d4 ,*>ity is a fa%ionable virtue 9 our "t2 x is lit up by ! gigantic firelight ( ,dick5s4 ,hope is a fa%ionable virtue to-day2 our att5tion has be5 arre/$ = x by ! sudd5 & silv] trumpet ( ,/ev5son4 ,b fai? is unfa%ionable1 & x is cu/om>y on e side to ca/ aga9/ x ! fact t x is a p>adox4 ,ev]ybody mock+ly repeats ! fam\s *ildi% def9ition t fai? is 8! p[] ( believ+ t :i* we "k to be untrue40 ,yet x is n "o atom m p>adoxical ?an hope or *>ity4 ,*>ity is ! p[] ( def5d+ t :i* we "k to be indef5sible4 ,hope is ! p[] ( be+ *e]ful 9 circum/ances :i* we "k to be desp]ate4 ,x is true t !re is a /ate ( hope :i* belongs to bright prospects & ! morn+2 b t is n ! virtue ( hope4 ,! virtue ( hope exi/s only 9 e>?quake &1 eclipse4 ,x is true t !re is a ?+ crudely call$ *>ity1 :i* means *>ity to ! des]v+ poor2 b *>ity to ! des]v+ is n *>ity at all1 b ju/ice4 ,x is ! undes]v+ :o require x1 & ! ideal ei!r does n exi/ at all1 or exi/s :olly = !m4 ,= practical purposes x is at ! hopeless mom5t t we require ! hopeful man1 & ! virtue ei!r does n exi/ at all1 or beg9s to exi/ at t mom5t4 ,exactly at ! in/ant :5 hope ceases to be reasonable x beg9s to be useful4 ,n[ ! old pagan _w w5t p]fectly /raight=w>d until x discov]$ t go+ /raight=w>d is an enorm\s mi/ake4 ,x 0 nobly & beautifully reasonable1 & discov]$ 9 its dea?-pang ?is la/+ & valuable tru?1 a h]itage = ! ages1 t reasonabl5ess w n d4 ,! pagan age 0 truly an ,ed5 or gold5 age1 9 ?is ess5tial s5se1 t x is n to be recov]$4 ,& x is n to be recov]$ 9 ?is s5se aga9 t1 :ile we are c]ta9ly jolli] ?an ! pagans1 & mu* m "r ?an ! pagans1 !re is n "o ( u :o c1 by ! utmo/ /ret* ( en]gy1 be s s5sible z ! pagans4 ,t nak$ innoc5ce ( ! intellect _c be recov]$ by any man aft] ,*ri/ianity2 & = ?is excell5t reason1 t e man aft] ,*ri/ianity kn[s x to be mislead+4 ,let me take an example1 ! fir/ t occurs to ! m9d1 ( ?is impossible pla9ness 9 ! pagan po9t ( view4 ,! greate/ tribute to ,*ri/ianity 9 ! mod]n _w is ,t5nyson's 8,ulysses40 ,! poet reads into ! /ory ( ,ulysses ! conception ( an incurable desire to w&]4 ,b ! real ,ulysses does n desire to w&] at all4 ,he desires to get home4 ,he displays 8 h]oic & unconqu]able qualities 9 resi/+ ! mis=tunes :i* baulk him2 b t is all4 ,!re is no love ( adv5ture = its own sake2 t is a ,*ri/ian product4 ,!re is no love ( ,p5elope = h] own sake2 t is a ,*ri/ian product4 ,ev]y?+ 9 t old _w w\ld appe> to h be5 clean & obvi\s4 ,a good man 0 a good man2 a bad man 0 a bad man4 ,= ?is reason !y _h no *>ity2 = *>ity is a rev]5t agno/icism t[>ds ! complexity ( ! s\l4 ,= ?is reason !y _h no su* ?+ z ! art ( fiction1 ! novel2 = ! novel is a creation ( ! my/ical idea ( *>ity4 ,= !m a pleasant l&scape 0 pleasant1 & an unpleasant l&scape unpleasant4 ,h5ce !y _h no idea ( romance2 = romance consi/s 9 ?9k+ a ?+ m delightful because x is dang]\s2 x is a ,*ri/ian idea4 ,9 a ^w1 we _c recon/ruct or ev5 imag9e ! beautiful & a/oni%+ pagan _w4 ,x 0 a _w 9 :i* common s5se 0 really common4 ,my g5]al mean+ t\*+ ! ?ree virtues ( :i* ,i h spok5 w n[1 ,i hope1 be suffici5tly cle>4 ,!y are all ?ree p>adoxical1 !y are all ?ree practical1 & !y are all ?ree p>adoxical because !y are practical4 ,x is ! /ress ( ultimate ne$1 & a t]rible k ( ?+s z !y are1 :i* l$ m5 to set up ^! riddles1 & to die = !m4 ,:atev] may be ! mean+ ( ! contradiction1 x is ! fact t ! only k9d ( hope t is ( any use 9 a battle is a hope t d5ies ari?metic4 ,:atev] may be ! mean+ ( ! contradiction1 x is ! fact t ! only k9d ( *>ity :i* any weak _s wants1 or :i* any g5]\s _s feels1 is ! *>ity :i* =gives ! s9s t are l sc>let4 ,:atev] may be ! mean+ ( fai?1 x mu/ always mean a c]ta9ty ab\t some?+ we _c prove4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 we believe by fai? 9 ! exi/5ce ( o!r p4 ,b !re is ano!r ,*ri/ian virtue1 a virtue f> m obvi\sly & hi/orically connect$ ) ,*ri/ianity1 :i* w illu/rate ev5 bett] ! connection betwe5 p>adox & practical necessity4 ,?is virtue _c be que/ion$ 9 its capacity z a hi/orical symbol2 c]ta9ly ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son w n "q x4 ,x has be5 ! boa/ ( hundr$s ( ! *ampions ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,x has be5 ! taunt ( hundr$s ( ! oppon5ts ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,x is1 9 ess5ce1 ! basis ( ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son's :ole di/9ction betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & ,paganism4 ,i mean1 ( c\rse1 ! virtue ( humility4 ,i admit1 ( c\rse1 mo/ readily1 t a great deal ( false ,ea/]n humility 7t is1 ( /rictly ascetic humility7 mix$ itself ) ! ma9 /ream ( ,european ,*ri/ianity4 ,we mu/ n =get t :5 we speak ( ,*ri/ianity we are speak+ ( a :ole cont95t = ab\t a ?\s& ye>s4 ,b ( ?is virtue ev5 m ?an ( ! o!r ?ree1 ,i w\ld ma9ta9 ! g5]al proposition adopt$ above4 ,civilization discov]$ ,*ri/ian humility = ! same urg5t reason t x discov]$ fai? & *>ity--t is1 because ,*ri/ian civilization _h to discov] x or die4 ,! great psy*ological discov]y ( ,paganism1 :i* turn$ x into ,*ri/ianity1 c be express$ ) "s accuracy 9 "o phrase4 ,! pagan set out1 ) admirable s5se1 to enjoy himself4 ,by ! end ( 8 civilization he _h discov]$ t a man _c enjoy himself & cont9ue to enjoy any?+ else4 ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son has po9t$ out 9 words too excell5t to ne$ any fur!r elucidation1 ! absurd %all[ness ( ^? :o imag9e t ! pagan enjoy$ himself only 9 a mat]iali/ic s5se4 ,( c\rse1 he enjoy$ himself1 n only intellectually ev51 he enjoy$ himself morally1 he enjoy$ himself spiritually4 ,b x 0 himself t he 0 enjoy+2 on ! face ( x1 a v natural ?+ to d4 ,n[1 ! psy*ological discov]y is m]ely ?is1 t :]eas x _h be5 suppos$ t ! fulle/ possible enjoym5t is to be f\nd by ext5d+ our ego to inf9ity1 ! tru? is t ! fulle/ possible enjoym5t is to be f\nd by r$uc+ our ego to z]o4 ,humility is ! ?+ :i* is = ev] r5ew+ ! e>? & ! />s4 ,x is humility1 & n duty1 :i* pres]ves ! />s f wrong1 f ! unp>donable wrong ( casual resignation2 x is ?r\gh humility t ! mo/ anci5t heav5s = u are fre% & /rong4 ,! curse t came be=e hi/ory has laid on u all a t5d5cy to be we>y ( wond]s4 ,if we saw ! sun = ! fir/ "t x w\ld be ! mo/ fe>ful & beautiful ( meteors4 ,n[ t we see x = ! hundr$? "t we call x1 9 ! hide\s & blasphem\s phrase ( ,wordswor?1 8! light ( common day40 ,we are incl9$ to increase our claims4 ,we are incl9$ to dem& six suns1 to dem& a blue sun1 to dem& a gre5 sun4 ,humility is p]petually putt+ u back 9 ! primal d>kness4 ,!re all light is lightn+1 />tl+ & in/antane\s4 ,until we und]/& t orig9al d>k1 9 :i* we h nei!r sight nor expectation1 we c give no he>ty & *ildlike praise to ! spl5did s5sationalism ( ?+s4 ,! t]ms 8pessimism0 & 8optimism10 l mo/ mod]n t]ms1 are unmean+4 ,b if !y c be us$ 9 any vague s5se z mean+ some?+1 we may say t 9 ?is great fact pessimism is ! v basis ( optimism4 ,! man :o de/roys himself creates ! univ]se4 ,to ! humble man1 & to ! humble man alone1 ! sun is really a sun2 to ! humble man1 & to ! humble man alone1 ! sea is really a sea4 ,:5 he looks at all ! faces 9 ! /reet1 he does n only realize t m5 are alive1 he realizes ) a dramatic pleasure t !y are n dead4 ,i h n spok5 ( ano!r aspect ( ! discov]y ( humility z a psy*ological necessity1 because x is m commonly insi/$ on1 & is 9 itself m obvi\s4 ,b x is equally cle> t humility is a p]man5t necessity z a condition ( ef=t & self-exam9ation4 ,x is "o ( ! deadly fallacies ( ,j+o politics t a nation is /rong] = despis+ o!r nations4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! /ronge/ nations are ^?1 l ,prussia or ,japan1 :i* began f v mean beg9n+s1 b h n be5 too pr\d to sit at ! feet ( ! =eign] & le>n ev]y?+ f him4 ,almo/ e obvi\s & direct victory has be5 ! victory ( ! plagi>i/4 ,?is is1 inde$1 only a v paltry by-product ( humility1 b x is a product ( humility1 &1 !re=e1 x is successful4 ,prussia _h no ,*ri/ian humility 9 its int]nal arrangem5ts2 h5ce its int]nal arrangem5ts 7 mis]able4 ,b x _h en\gh ,*ri/ian humility slavi%ly to copy ,france 7ev5 d[n to ,fr$]ick ! ,great's poetry71 & t :i* x _h ! humility to copy x _h ultimately ! hon\r to conqu]4 ,! case ( ! ,japanese is ev5 m obvi\s2 _! only ,*ri/ian & _! only beautiful quality is t !y h humbl$ !mselves to be exalt$4 ,all ?is aspect ( humility1 h[ev]1 z connect$ ) ! matt] ( ef=t & /riv+ = a /&>d set above u1 ,i dismiss z hav+ be5 suffici5tly po9t$ out by almo/ all ideali/ic writ]s4 ,x may be wor? :ile1 h[ev]1 to po9t out ! int]e/+ disp>ity 9 ! matt] ( humility betwe5 ! mod]n notion ( ! /rong man & ! actual records ( /rong m54 ,c>lyle object$ to ! /atem5t t no man c\ld be a h]o to 8 valet4 ,e sympa?y c be ext5d$ t[>ds him 9 ! matt] if he m]ely or ma9ly meant t ! phrase 0 a disp>agem5t ( h]o-wor%ip4 ,h]o-wor%ip is c]ta9ly a g5]\s & human impulse2 ! h]o may be faulty1 b ! wor%ip c h>dly be4 ,x may be t no man w\ld be a h]o to 8 valet4 ,b any man w\ld be a valet to 8 h]o4 ,b 9 tru? bo? ! prov]b itself & ,c>lyle's /ricture ^u x ignore ! mo/ ess5tial matt] at issue4 ,! ultimate psy*ological tru? is n t no man is a h]o to 8 valet4 ,! ultimate psy*ological tru?1 ! f\ndation ( ,*ri/ianity1 is t no man is a h]o to himself4 ,cromwell1 accord+ to ,c>lyle1 0 a /rong man4 ,accord+ to ,cromwell1 he 0 a weak "o4 ,! weak po9t 9 ! :ole ( ,c>lyle's case = ari/ocracy lies1 inde$1 9 8 mo/ celebrat$ phrase4 ,c>lyle said t m5 7 mo/ly fools4 ,*ri/ianity1 ) a sur] & m rev]5t realism1 says t !y are all fools4 ,?is doctr9e is sometimes call$ ! doctr9e ( orig9al s94 ,x may also be describ$ z ! doctr9e ( ! equality ( m54 ,b ! ess5tial po9t ( x is m]ely ?is1 t :atev] prim>y & f>-rea*+ moral dang]s affect any man1 affect all m54 ,all m5 c be crim9als1 if tempt$2 all m5 c be h]oes1 if inspir$4 ,& ?is doctr9e does away altoge!r ) ,c>lyle's pa!tic belief 7or any "o else's pa!tic belief7 9 8! wise few40 ,!re are no wise few4 ,e ari/ocracy t has ev] exi/$ has behav$1 9 all ess5tial po9ts1 exactly l a small mob4 ,e olig>*y is m]ely a knot ( m5 9 ! /reet--t is to say1 x is v jolly1 b n infallible4 ,& no olig>*ies 9 ! _w's hi/ory h ev] come (f s badly 9 practical affairs z ! v pr\d olig>*ies--! olig>*y ( ,pol&1 ! olig>*y ( ,v5ice4 ,& ! armies t h mo/ swiftly & sudd5ly brok5 _! enemies 9 pieces h be5 ! religi\s armies--! ,moslem ,armies1 = in/ance1 or ! ,puritan ,armies4 ,& a religi\s army may1 by its nature1 be def9$ z an army 9 :i* e man is taught n to exalt b to abase himself4 ,_m mod]n ,engli%m5 talk ( !mselves z ! /urdy desc5dants ( _! /urdy ,puritan fa!rs4 ,z a fact1 !y w\ld run away f a c[4 ,if y ask$ "o ( _! ,puritan fa!rs1 if y ask$ ,bunyan1 = in/ance1 :e!r he 0 /urdy1 he w\ld h answ]$1 ) te>s1 t he 0 z weak z wat]4 ,& because ( ?is he w\ld h borne tortures4 ,& ?is virtue ( humility1 :ile be+ practical en\gh to w9 battles1 w always be p>adoxical en\gh to puzzle p$ants4 ,x is at "o ) ! virtue ( *>ity 9 ?is respect4 ,e g5]\s p]son w admit t ! "o k9d ( s9 :i* *>ity %\ld cov] is ! s9 :i* is inexcusable4 ,& e g5]\s p]son w equally agree t ! "o k9d ( pride :i* is :olly damnable is ! pride ( ! man :o has some?+ to be pr\d (4 ,! pride :i*1 proportionally speak+1 does n hurt ! "*1 is ! pride 9 ?+s :i* reflect no cr$it on ! p]son at all4 ,?us x does a man no h>m to be pr\d ( 8 c\ntry1 & comp>atively little h>m to be pr\d ( 8 remote ance/ors4 ,x does him m h>m to be pr\d ( hav+ made money1 because 9 t he has a little m reason = pride4 ,x does him m h>m /ill to be pr\d ( :at is nobl] ?an money--intellect4 ,& x does him mo/ h>m ( all to value himself = ! mo/ valuable ?+ on e>?--goodness4 ,! man :o is pr\d ( :at is really cr$itable to him is ! ,ph>isee1 ! man :om ,*ri/ ,himself c\ld n =be> to /rike4 ,my objection to ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son & ! reass]tors ( ! pagan ideal is1 !n1 ?is4 ,i accuse !m ( ignor+ def9ite human discov]ies 9 ! moral _w1 discov]ies z def9ite1 ?\gh n z mat]ial1 z ! discov]y ( ! circulation ( ! blood4 ,we _c g back to an ideal ( reason & sanity4 ,= mank9d has discov]$ t reason does n lead to sanity4 ,we _c g back to an ideal ( pride & enjoym5t4 ,= mank9d has discov]$ t pride does n lead to enjoym5t4 ,i d n "k by :at extraord9>y m5tal accid5t mod]n writ]s s con/antly connect ! idea ( progress ) ! idea ( indep5d5t ?9k+4 ,progress is obvi\sly ! anti!sis ( indep5d5t ?9k+4 ,= "u indep5d5t or individuali/ic ?9k+1 e man />ts at ! beg9n+1 & goes1 9 all probability1 j z f> z 8 fa!r be=e him4 ,b if !re really be any?+ ( ! nature ( progress1 x mu/ mean1 above all ?+s1 ! c>eful /udy & assumption ( ! :ole ( ! pa/4 ,i accuse ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son & 8 s*ool ( reaction 9 ! only real s5se4 ,if he likes1 let him ignore ^! great hi/oric my/]ies--! my/]y ( *>ity1 ! my/]y ( *ivalry1 ! my/]y ( fai?4 ,if he likes1 let him ignore ! pl\gh or ! pr9t+-press4 ,b if we d revive & pursue ! pagan ideal ( a simple & rational self-completion we %all end--:]e ,paganism end$4 ,i d n mean t we %all end 9 de/ruction4 ,i mean t we %all end 9 ,*ri/ianity4 ,,xiii4 ,celts & ,celtophiles ,sci5ce 9 ! mod]n _w has _m uses2 its *ief use1 h[ev]1 is to provide long words to cov] ! errors ( ! ri*4 ,! ^w 8kleptomania0 is a vulg> example ( :at ,i mean4 ,x is on a p> ) t /range !ory1 always advanc$ :5 a weal?y or prom95t p]son is 9 ! dock1 t exposure is m ( a puni%m5t = ! ri* ?an = ! poor4 ,( c\rse1 ! v rev]se is ! tru?4 ,exposure is m ( a puni%m5t = ! poor ?an = ! ri*4 ,! ri*] a man is ! easi] x is = him to be a tramp4 ,! ri*] a man is ! easi] x is = him to be popul> & g5]ally respect$ 9 ! ,cannibal ,isl&s4 ,b ! poor] a man is ! m likely x is t he w h to use 8 pa/ life :5ev] he wants to get a b$ = ! night4 ,hon\r is a luxury = ari/ocrats1 b x is a necessity = hall-port]s4 ,?is is a second>y matt]1 b x is an example ( ! g5]al proposition ,i (f]--! proposition t an enorm\s am\nt ( mod]n +5uity is exp5d$ on f9d+ def5ces = ! indef5sible conduct ( ! p[]ful4 ,z ,i h said above1 ^! def5ces g5]ally exhibit !mselves mo/ emphatically 9 ! =m ( appeals to physical sci5ce4 ,& ( all ! =ms 9 :i* sci5ce1 or pseudo-sci5ce1 has come to ! rescue ( ! ri* & /upid1 !re is none s s+ul> z ! s+ul> inv5tion ( ! !ory ( races4 ,:5 a weal?y nation l ! ,engli% discov]s ! p]fectly pat5t fact t x is mak+ a ludicr\s mess ( ! gov]nm5t ( a poor] nation l ! ,iri%1 x pauses = a mom5t 9 con/]nation1 & !n beg9s to talk ab\t ,celts & ,teutons4 ,z f> z ,i c und]/& ! !ory1 ! ,iri% are ,celts & ! ,engli% are ,teutons4 ,( c\rse1 ! ,iri% are n ,celts any m ?an ! ,engli% are ,teutons4 ,i h n foll[$ ! e?nological discussion ) mu* en]gy1 b ! la/ sci5tific conclusion :i* ,i read incl9$ on ! :ole to ! summ>y t ! ,engli% 7 ma9ly ,celtic & ! ,iri% ma9ly ,teutonic4 ,b no man alive1 ) ev5 ! glimm]+ ( a real sci5tific s5se1 w\ld ev] dream ( apply+ ! t]ms 8,celtic0 or 8,teutonic0 to ei!r ( !m 9 any positive or useful s5se4 ,t sort ( ?+ mu/ be left to p :o talk ab\t ! ,anglo-,saxon race1 & ext5d ! expression to ,am]ica4 ,h[ mu* ( ! blood ( ! ,angles & ,saxons 7:oev] !y 77 !re rema9s 9 our mix$ ,briti%1 ,roman1 ,g]man1 ,dane1 ,norman1 & ,pic>d /ock is a matt] only int]e/+ to wild antiqu>ies4 ,& h[ mu* ( t dilut$ blood c possibly rema9 9 t ro>+ :irlpool ( ,am]ica into :i* a cat>act ( ,sw$es1 ,jews1 ,g]mans1 ,iri%m51 & ,italians is p]petually p\r+1 is a matt] only int]e/+ to lunatics4 ,x w\ld h be5 wis] = ! ,engli% gov]n+ class to h call$ ^u "s o!r god4 ,all o!r gods1 h[ev] weak & w>r+1 at lea/ boa/ ( be+ con/ant4 ,b sci5ce boa/s ( be+ 9 a flux = ev]2 boa/s ( be+ un/able z wat]4 ,& ,engl& & ! ,engli% gov]n+ class nev] did call on ?is absurd deity ( race until x seem$1 = an in/ant1 t !y _h no o!r god to call on4 ,all ! mo/ g5u9e ,engli%m5 9 hi/ory w\ld h yawn$ or laugh$ 9 y\r face if y _h begun to talk ab\t ,anglo-,saxons4 ,if y _h attempt$ to sub/itute ! ideal ( race = ! ideal ( nationality1 ,i really d n l to ?9k :at !y w\ld h said4 ,i c]ta9ly %\ld n l to h be5 ! (fic] ( ,nelson :o sudd5ly discov]$ 8 ,fr5* blood on ! eve ( ,trafalg>4 ,i %\ld n l to h be5 ! ,norfolk or ,suffolk g5tleman :o _h to exp\nd to ,admiral ,blake by :at demon/rable ties ( g5ealogy he 0 irrevocably b\nd to ! ,dut*4 ,! tru? ( ! :ole matt] is v simple4 ,nationality exi/s1 & has no?+ 9 ! _w to d ) race4 ,nationality is a ?+ l a *ur* or a secret society2 x is a product ( ! human s\l & w2 x is a spiritual product4 ,& !re are m5 9 ! mod]n _w :o w\ld ?9k any?+ & d any?+ r ?an admit t any?+ c\ld be a spiritual product4 ,a nation1 h[ev]1 z x confronts ! mod]n _w1 is a purely spiritual product4 ,sometimes x has be5 born 9 indep5d5ce1 l ,scotl&4 ,sometimes x has be5 born 9 dep5d5ce1 9 subjugation1 l ,irel&4 ,sometimes x is a l>ge ?+ coh]+ out ( _m small] ?+s1 l ,italy4 ,sometimes x is a small ?+ break+ away f l>g] ?+s1 l ,pol&4 ,b 9 ea* & e case its quality is purely spiritual1 or1 if y w1 purely psy*ological4 ,x is a mom5t :5 five m5 become a six? man4 ,e "o kn[s x :o has ev] f\nd$ a club4 ,x is a mom5t :5 five places become "o place4 ,e "o mu/ "k x :o has ev] _h to repel an invasion4 ,mr4 ,timo?y ,healy1 ! mo/ s]i\s intellect 9 ! pres5t ,h\se ( ,commons1 summ$ up nationality to p]fection :5 he simply call$ x some?+ = :i* p w die1 ,z he excell5tly said 9 reply to ,"l ,hugh ,cecil1 8,no "o1 n ev5 ! noble "l1 w\ld die = ! m]idian ( ,gre5wi*40 ,& t is ! great tribute to its purely psy*ological "*4 ,x is idle to ask :y ,gre5wi* %\ld n coh]e 9 ?is spiritual mann] :ile ,a!ns or ,sp>ta did4 ,x is l ask+ :y a man falls 9 love ) "o woman & n ) ano!r4 ,n[1 ( ?is great spiritual coh]5ce1 indep5d5t ( ext]nal circum/ances1 or ( race1 or ( any obvi\s physical ?+1 ,irel& is ! mo/ rem>kable example4 ,rome conqu]$ nations1 b ,irel& has conqu]$ races4 ,! ,norman has gone !re & become ,iri%1 ! ,scot*man has gone !re & become ,iri%1 ! ,spani>d has gone !re & become ,iri%1 ev5 ! bitt] soldi] ( ,cromwell has gone !re & become ,iri%4 ,irel&1 :i* did n exi/ ev5 politically1 has be5 /rong] ?an all ! races t exi/$ sci5tifically4 ,! pure/ ,g]manic blood1 ! pure/ ,norman blood1 ! pure/ blood ( ! passionate ,scot* patriot1 has n be5 s attractive z a nation )\t a flag4 ,irel&1 unrecogniz$ & oppress$1 has easily absorb$ races1 z su* trifles are easily absorb$4 ,%e has easily dispos$ ( physical sci5ce1 z su* sup]/itions are easily dispos$ (4 ,nationality 9 its weakness has be5 /rong] ?an e?nology 9 its /r5g?4 ,five triumphant races h be5 absorb$1 h be5 defeat$ by a defeat$ nationality4 ,?is be+ ! true & /range glory ( ,irel&1 x is impossible to he> )\t impati5ce ( ! attempt s con/antly made among h] mod]n sympa?iz]s to talk ab\t ,celts & ,celticism4 ,:o 7 ! ,celts8 ,i defy anybody to say4 ,:o are ! ,iri%8 ,i defy any "o to be indiff]5t1 or to pret5d n to "k4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,b4 ,yeats1 ! great ,iri% g5ius :o has appe>$ 9 our "t1 %[s 8 own admirable p5etration 9 disc>d+ altoge!r ! argum5t f a ,celtic race4 ,b he does n :olly escape1 & 8 foll[]s h>dly ev] escape1 ! g5]al objection to ! ,celtic argum5t4 ,! t5d5cy ( t argum5t is to repres5t ! ,iri% or ! ,celts z a /range & sep>ate race1 z a tribe ( ecc5trics 9 ! mod]n _w imm]s$ 9 dim leg5ds & fruitless dreams4 ,its t5d5cy is to exhibit ! ,iri% z odd1 because !y see ! fairies4 ,its tr5d is to make ! ,iri% seem weird & wild because !y s+ old songs & jo9 9 /range dances4 ,b ?is is q an error2 inde$1 x is ! opposite ( ! tru?4 ,x is ! ,engli% :o are odd because !y d n see ! fairies4 ,x is ! inhabitants ( ,k5s+ton :o are weird & wild because !y d n s+ old songs & jo9 9 /range dances4 ,9 all ?is ! ,iri% are n 9 ! lea/ /range & sep>ate1 are n 9 ! lea/ ,celtic1 z ! ^w is commonly & popul>ly us$4 ,9 all ?is ! ,iri% are simply an ord9>y s5sible nation1 liv+ ! life ( any o!r ord9>y & s5sible nation :i* has n be5 ei!r sodd5 ) smoke or oppress$ by money-l5d]s1 or o!rwise corrupt$ ) weal? & sci5ce4 ,!re is no?+ ,celtic ab\t hav+ leg5ds4 ,x is m]ely human4 ,! ,g]mans1 :o are 7,i suppose7 ,teutonic1 h hundr$s ( leg5ds1 :]ev] x happ5s t ! ,g]mans are human4 ,!re is no?+ ,celtic ab\t lov+ poetry2 ! ,engli% lov$ poetry m1 p]haps1 ?an any o!r p be=e !y came "u ! %ad[ ( ! *imney-pot & ! %ad[ ( ! *imney-pot hat4 ,x is n ,irel& :i* is mad & my/ic2 x is ,man*e/] :i* is mad & my/ic1 :i* is incr$ible1 :i* is a wild exception among human ?+s4 ,irel& has no ne$ to play ! silly game ( ! sci5ce ( races2 ,irel& has no ne$ to pret5d to be a tribe ( vision>ies ap>t4 ,9 ! matt] ( visions1 ,irel& is m ?an a nation1 x is a model nation4 ,,xiv4 ,on ,c]ta9 ,mod]n ,writ]s & ! ,in/itution ( ! ,family ,! family may fairly be consid]$1 "o w\ld ?9k1 an ultimate human in/itution4 ,e "o w\ld admit t x has be5 ! ma9 cell & c5tral unit ( almo/ all societies hi!rto1 except1 inde$1 su* societies z t ( ,lac$aemon1 :i* w5t 9 = 8effici5cy10 & has1 !re=e1 p]i%$1 & left n a trace beh9d4 ,*ri/ianity1 ev5 enorm\s z 0 its revolution1 did n alt] ?is anci5t & savage sanctity2 x m]ely rev]s$ x4 ,x did n d5y ! tr9ity ( fa!r1 "m1 & *ild4 ,x m]ely read x backw>ds1 mak+ x run *ild1 "m1 fa!r4 ,?is x call$1 n ! family1 b ! ,holy ,family1 = _m ?+s are made holy by be+ turn$ upside d[n4 ,b "s sages ( our own decad5ce h made a s]i\s attack on ! family4 ,!y h impugn$ x1 z ,i ?9k wrongly2 & its def5d]s h def5d$ x1 & def5d$ x wrongly4 ,! common def5ce ( ! family is t1 amid ! /ress & fickl5ess ( life1 x is peaceful1 pleasant1 & at "o4 ,b !re is ano!r def5ce ( ! family :i* is possible1 & to me evid5t2 ?is def5ce is t ! family is n peaceful & n pleasant & n at "o4 ,x is n fa%ionable to say mu* n[adays ( ! advantages ( ! small community4 ,we are told t we mu/ g 9 = l>ge empires & l>ge ideas4 ,!re is "o advantage1 h[ev]1 9 ! small /ate1 ! city1 or ! village1 :i* only ! wilfully bl9d c ov]look4 ,! man :o lives 9 a small community lives 9 a mu* l>g] _w4 ,he kn[s mu* m ( ! fi]ce v>ieties & uncompromis+ div]g5ces ( m54 ,! reason is obvi\s4 ,9 a l>ge community we c *oose our companions4 ,9 a small community our companions are *os5 = u4 ,?us 9 all ext5sive & highly civiliz$ societies gr\ps come into exi/5ce f\nd$ ^u :at is call$ sympa?y1 & %ut out ! real _w m %>ply ?an ! gates ( a mona/]y4 ,!re is no?+ really n>r[ ab\t ! clan2 ! ?+ :i* is really n>r[ is ! clique4 ,! m5 ( ! clan live toge!r because !y all we> ! same t>tan or are all desc5d$ f ! same sacr$ c[2 b 9 _! s\ls1 by ! div9e luck ( ?+s1 !re w always be m col\rs ?an 9 any t>tan4 ,b ! m5 ( ! clique live toge!r because !y h ! same k9d ( s\l1 & _! n>r[ness is a n>r[ness ( spiritual coh]5ce & cont5tm5t1 l t :i* exi/s 9 hell4 ,a big society exi/s 9 ord] to =m cliques4 ,a big society is a society = ! promotion ( n>r[ness4 ,x is a ma*9]y = ! purpose ( gu>d+ ! solit>y & s5sitive individual f all exp]i5ce ( ! bitt] & brac+ human compromises4 ,x is1 9 ! mo/ lit]al s5se ( ! words1 a society = ! prev5tion ( ,*ri/ian k4 ,we c see ?is *ange1 = in/ance1 9 ! mod]n trans=mation ( ! ?+ call$ a club4 ,:5 ,london 0 small]1 & ! p>ts ( ,london m self-conta9$ & p>o*ial1 ! club 0 :at x /ill is 9 villages1 ! opposite ( :at x is n[ 9 great cities4 ,!n ! club 0 valu$ z a place :]e a man c\ld be sociable4 ,n[ ! club is valu$ z a place :]e a man c be unsociable4 ,! m ! enl>gem5t & elaboration ( our civilization goes on ! m ! club ceases to be a place :]e a man c h a noisy argum5t1 & becomes m & m a place :]e a man c h :at is some:at fanta/ically call$ a quiet *op4 ,its aim is to make a man com=table1 & to make a man com=table is to make him ! opposite ( sociable4 ,sociability1 l all good ?+s1 is full ( discom=ts1 dang]s1 & r5unciations4 ,! club t5ds to produce ! mo/ degrad$ ( all comb9ations--! luxuri\s an*orite1 ! man :o comb9es ! self-indulg5ce ( ,lucullus ) ! insane lonel9ess ( ,/4 ,simeon ,/ylites4 ,if we 7 to-morr[ morn+ sn[$ up 9 ! /reet 9 :i* we live1 we %\ld /ep sudd5ly into a mu* l>g] & mu* wild] _w ?an we h ev] kn[n4 ,& x is ! :ole ef=t ( ! typically mod]n p]son to escape f ! /reet 9 :i* he lives4 ,fir/ he inv5ts mod]n hygi5e & goes to ,m>gate4 ,!n he inv5ts mod]n culture & goes to ,flor5ce4 ,!n he inv5ts mod]n imp]ialism & goes to ,timbuctoo4 ,he goes to ! fanta/ic bord]s ( ! e>?4 ,he pret5ds to %oot tig]s4 ,he almo/ rides on a camel4 ,& 9 all ?is he is /ill ess5tially flee+ f ! /reet 9 :i* he 0 born2 & ( ?is flight he is always ready ) 8 own explanation4 ,he says he is flee+ f 8 /reet because x is dull2 he is ly+4 ,he is really flee+ f 8 /reet because x is a great deal too excit+4 ,x is excit+ because x is exact+2 x is exact+ because x is alive4 ,he c visit ,v5ice because to him ! ,v5etians are only ,v5etians2 ! p 9 8 own /reet are m54 ,he c />e at ! ,*9ese because = him ! ,*9ese are a passive ?+ to be />$ at2 if he />es at ! old lady 9 ! next g>d51 %e becomes active4 ,he is =c$ to flee1 9 %ort1 f ! too /imulat+ society ( 8 equals--( free m51 p]v]se1 p]sonal1 delib]ately diff]5t f himself4 ,! /reet 9 ,brixton is too gl[+ & ov]p[]+4 ,he has to soo! & quiet himself among tig]s & vultures1 camels & crocodiles4 ,^! creatures are inde$ v diff]5t f himself4 ,b !y d n put _! %ape or col\r or cu/om into a decisive intellectual competition ) 8 own4 ,!y d n seek to de/roy 8 pr9ciples & ass]t _! own2 ! /rang] mon/]s ( ! suburban /reet d seek to d ?is4 ,! camel does n contort 8 features into a f9e sne] because ,mr4 ,rob9son has n got a hump2 ! cultur$ g5tleman at ,no4 #e does exhibit a sne] because ,rob9son has n got a dado4 ,! vulture w n ro> ) laught] because a man does n fly2 b ! major at ,no4 #i w ro> ) laught] because a man does n smoke4 ,! compla9t we commonly h to make ( our neighb\rs is t !y w n1 z we express x1 m9d _! own bus9ess4 ,we d n really mean t !y w n m9d _! own bus9ess4 ,if our neighb\rs did n m9d _! own bus9ess !y w\ld be ask$ abruptly = _! r5t1 & w\ld rapidly cease to be our neighb\rs4 ,:at we really mean :5 we say t !y _c m9d _! own bus9ess is some?+ mu* deep]4 ,we d n dislike !m because !y h s little =ce & fire t !y _c be int]e/$ 9 !mselves4 ,we dislike !m because !y h s mu* =ce & fire t !y c be int]e/$ 9 u z well4 ,:at we dread ab\t our neighb\rs1 9 %ort1 is n ! n>r[ness ( _! horizon1 b _! sup]b t5d5cy to broad5 x4 ,& all av]sions to ord9>y humanity h ?is g5]al "*4 ,!y are n av]sions to its feebl5ess 7z is pret5d$71 b to its en]gy4 ,! misan?ropes pret5d t !y despise humanity = its weakness4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 !y hate x = its /r5g?4 ,( c\rse1 ?is %r9k+ f ! brutal vivacity & brutal v>iety ( common m5 is a p]fectly reasonable & excusable ?+ z long z x does n pret5d to any po9t ( sup]iority4 ,x is :5 x calls itself ari/ocracy or ae/heticism or a sup]iority to ! b\rgeoisie t its inh]5t weakness has 9 ju/ice to be po9t$ out4 ,fa/idi\sness is ! mo/ p>donable ( vices2 b x is ! mo/ unp>donable ( virtues4 ,nietzs*e1 :o repres5ts mo/ prom95tly ?is pret5ti\s claim ( ! fa/idi\s1 has a description some:]e--a v p[]ful description 9 ! purely lit]>y s5se--( ! disgu/ & disda9 :i* consume him at ! sight ( ! common p ) _! common faces1 _! common voices1 & _! common m9ds4 ,z ,i h said1 ?is attitude is almo/ beautiful if we may reg>d x z pa!tic4 ,nietzs*e's ari/ocracy has ab\t x all ! sacr$ness t belongs to ! weak4 ,:5 he makes u feel t he _c endure ! innum]able faces1 ! incessant voices1 ! ov]p[]+ omnipres5ce :i* belongs to ! mob1 he w h ! sympa?y ( anybody :o has ev] be5 sick on a /eam] or tir$ 9 a cr[d$ omnibus4 ,e man has hat$ mank9d :5 he 0 less ?an a man4 ,e man has _h humanity 9 8 eyes l a bl9d+ fog1 humanity 9 8 no/rils l a suffocat+ smell4 ,b :5 ,nietzs*e has ! incr$ible lack ( hum\r & lack ( imag9ation to ask u to believe t 8 ari/ocracy is an ari/ocracy ( /rong muscles or an ari/ocracy ( /rong wills1 x is necess>y to po9t out ! tru?4 ,x is an ari/ocracy ( weak n]ves4 ,we make our fri5ds2 we make our enemies2 b ,god makes our next-door neighb\r4 ,h5ce he comes to u clad 9 all ! c>eless t]rors ( nature2 he is z /range z ! />s1 z reckless & indiff]5t z ! ra94 ,he is ,man1 ! mo/ t]rible ( ! bea/s4 ,t is :y ! old religions & ! old scriptural language %[$ s %>p a wisdom :5 !y spoke1 n ( "o's duty t[>ds humanity1 b "o's duty t[>ds "o's neighb\r4 ,! duty t[>ds humanity may (t5 take ! =m ( "s *oice :i* is p]sonal or ev5 pleasurable4 ,t duty may be a hobby2 x may ev5 be a dissipation4 ,we may "w 9 ! ,ea/ ,end because we are peculi>ly fitt$ to "w 9 ! ,ea/ ,end1 or because we ?9k we are2 we may fight = ! cause ( int]national peace because we are v fond ( fight+4 ,! mo/ mon/r\s m>tyrdom1 ! mo/ repulsive exp]i5ce1 may be ! result ( *oice or a k9d ( ta/e4 ,we may be s made z to be p>ticul>ly fond ( lunatics or specially int]e/$ 9 leprosy4 ,we may love negroes because !y are black or ,g]man ,sociali/s because !y are p$antic4 ,b we h to love our neighb\r because he is !re--a mu* m al>m+ reason = a mu* m s]i\s op]ation4 ,he is ! sample ( humanity :i* is actually giv5 u4 ,precisely because he may be anybody he is ev]ybody4 ,he is a symbol because he is an accid5t4 ,d\btless m5 flee f small environm5ts into l&s t are v deadly4 ,b ?is is natural en\gh2 = !y are n flee+ f dea?4 ,!y are flee+ f life4 ,& ?is pr9ciple applies to r+ )9 r+ ( ! social sy/em ( humanity4 ,x is p]fectly reasonable t m5 %\ld seek = "s p>ticul> v>iety ( ! human type1 s long z !y are seek+ = t v>iety ( ! human type1 & n = m]e human v>iety4 ,x is q prop] t a ,briti% diplomati/ %\ld seek ! society ( ,japanese g5]als1 if :at he wants is ,japanese g5]als4 ,b if :at he wants is p diff]5t f himself1 he _h mu* bett] /op at home & discuss religion ) ! h\semaid4 ,x is q reasonable t ! village g5ius %\ld come up to conqu] ,london if :at he wants is to conqu] ,london4 ,b if he wants to conqu] some?+ fundam5tally & symbolically ho/ile & also v /rong1 he _h mu* bett] rema9 :]e he is & h a r[ ) ! rector4 ,! man 9 ! suburban /reet is q "r if he goes to ,ramsgate = ! sake ( ,ramsgate--a difficult ?+ to imag9e4 ,b if1 z he expresses x1 he goes to ,ramsgate 8= a *ange10 !n he w\ld h a mu* m romantic & ev5 melodramatic *ange if he jump$ ov] ! wall into 8 neighb\rs g>d54 ,! consequ5ces w\ld be brac+ 9 a s5se f> beyond ! possibilities ( ,ramsgate hygi5e4 ,n[1 exactly z ?is pr9ciple applies to ! empire1 to ! nation )9 ! empire1 to ! city )9 ! nation1 to ! /reet )9 ! city1 s x applies to ! home )9 ! /reet4 ,! in/itution ( ! family is to be comm5d$ = precisely ! same reasons t ! in/itution ( ! nation1 or ! in/itution ( ! city1 are 9 ?is matt] to be comm5d$4 ,x is a good ?+ = a man to live 9 a family = ! same reason t x is a good ?+ = a man to be besieg$ 9 a city4 ,x is a good ?+ = a man to live 9 a family 9 ! same s5se t x is a beautiful & delightful ?+ = a man to be sn[$ up 9 a /reet4 ,!y all =ce him to realize t life is n a ?+ f outside1 b a ?+ f inside4 ,above all1 !y all insi/ ^u ! fact t life1 if x be a truly /imulat+ & fasc9at+ life1 is a ?+ :i*1 ( its nature1 exi/s 9 spite ( ourselves4 ,! mod]n writ]s :o h sugge/$1 9 a m or less op5 mann]1 t ! family is a bad in/itution1 h g5]ally conf9$ !mselves to sugge/+1 ) mu* %>pness1 bitt]ness1 or pa?os1 t p]haps ! family is n always v cong5ial4 ,( c\rse ! family is a good in/itution because x is uncong5ial4 ,x is :olesome precisely because x conta9s s _m div]g5cies & v>ieties4 ,x is1 z ! s5tim5tali/s say1 l a little k+dom1 &1 l mo/ o!r little k+doms1 is g5]ally 9 a /ate ( some?+ resembl+ an>*y4 ,x is exactly because our bro!r ,george is n int]e/$ 9 our religi\s difficulties1 b is int]e/$ 9 ! ,trocad]o ,re/aurant1 t ! family has "s ( ! brac+ qualities ( ! commonweal?4 ,x is precisely because our uncle ,h5ry does n approve ( ! !atrical ambitions ( our si/] ,s>ah t ! family is l humanity4 ,! m5 & wom5 :o1 = good reasons & bad1 revolt aga9/ ! family1 are1 = good reasons & bad1 simply revolt+ aga9/ mank9d4 ,aunt ,elizabe? is unreasonable1 l mank9d4 ,papa is excitable1 l mank9d ,our y\nge/ bro!r is mis*iev\s1 l mank9d4 ,gr&papa is /upid1 l ! _w2 he is old1 l ! _w4 ,^? :o wi%1 rightly or wrongly1 to /ep out ( all ?is1 d def9itely wi% to /ep into a n>r[] _w4 ,!y are dismay$ & t]rifi$ by ! l>g5ess & v>iety ( ! family4 ,s>ah wi%es to f9d a _w :olly consi/+ ( private !atricals2 ,george wi%es to ?9k ! ,trocad]o a cosmos4 ,i d n say1 = a mom5t1 t ! flight to ?is n>r[] life may n be ! "r ?+ = ! individual1 any m ?an ,i say ! same ?+ ab\t flight into a mona/]y4 ,b ,i d say t any?+ is bad & artificial :i* t5ds to make ^! p succumb to ! /range delusion t !y are /epp+ into a _w :i* is actually l>g] & m v>i$ ?an _! own4 ,! be/ way t a man c\ld te/ 8 read9ess to enc\nt] ! common v>iety ( mank9d w\ld be to climb d[n a *imney into any h\se at r&om1 & get on z well z possible ) ! p inside4 ,& t is ess5tially :at ea* "o ( u did on ! day t he 0 born4 ,?is is1 inde$1 ! sublime & special romance ( ! family4 ,x is romantic because x is a toss-up4 ,x is romantic because x is ev]y?+ t its enemies call x4 ,x is romantic because x is arbitr>y4 ,x is romantic because x is !re4 ,s long z y h gr\ps ( m5 *os5 rationally1 y h "s special or sect>ian atmosph]e4 ,x is :5 y h gr\ps ( m5 *os5 irrationally t y h m54 ,! elem5t ( adv5ture beg9s to exi/2 = an adv5ture is1 by its nature1 a ?+ t comes to u4 ,x is a ?+ t *ooses u1 n a ?+ t we *oose4 ,fall+ 9 love has be5 (t5 reg>d$ z ! supreme adv5ture1 ! supreme romantic accid5t4 ,9 s mu* z !re is 9 x some?+ outside ourselves1 some?+ ( a sort ( m]ry fatalism1 ?is is v true4 ,love does take u & transfigure & torture u4 ,x does break our he>ts ) an unbe>able beauty1 l ! unbe>able beauty ( music4 ,b 9 s f> z we h c]ta9ly some?+ to d ) ! matt]2 9 s f> z we are 9 "s s5se prep>$ to fall 9 love & 9 "s s5se jump into x2 9 s f> z we d to "s ext5t *oose & to "s ext5t ev5 judge--9 all ?is fall+ 9 love is n truly romantic1 is n truly adv5tur\s at all4 ,9 ?is degree ! supreme adv5ture is n fall+ 9 love4 ,! supreme adv5ture is be+ born4 ,!re we d walk sudd5ly into a spl5did & />tl+ trap4 ,!re we d see some?+ ( :i* we h n dream$ be=e4 ,our fa!r & "m d lie 9 wait = u & leap out on u1 l brig&s f a bu%4 ,our uncle is a surprise4 ,our aunt is1 9 ! beautiful common expression1 a bolt f ! blue4 ,:5 we /ep into ! family1 by ! act ( be+ born1 we d /ep into a _w :i* is incalculable1 into a _w :i* has its own /range laws1 into a _w :i* c\ld d )\t u1 into a _w t we h n made4 ,9 o!r words1 :5 we /ep into ! family we /ep into a fairy-tale4 ,?is col\r z ( a fanta/ic n>rative ought to cl+ to ! family & to our relations ) x ?r\gh\t life4 ,romance is ! deepe/ ?+ 9 life2 romance is deep] ev5 ?an reality4 ,= ev5 if reality c\ld be prov$ to be mislead+1 x /ill c\ld n be prov$ to be unimportant or unimpressive4 ,ev5 if ! facts are false1 !y are /ill v /range4 ,& ?is /rang5ess ( life1 ?is unexpect$ & ev5 p]v]se elem5t ( ?+s z !y fall out1 rema9s incurably int]e/+4 ,! circum/ances we c regulate may become tame or pessimi/ic2 b ! 8circum/ances ov] :i* we h no control0 rema9 god-l to ^? :o1 l ,mr4 ,micawb]1 c call on !m & r5ew _! /r5g?4 ,p wond] :y ! novel is ! mo/ popul> =m ( lit]ature2 p wond] :y x is read m ?an books ( sci5ce or books ( metaphysics4 ,! reason is v simple2 x is m]ely t ! novel is m true ?an !y are4 ,life may sometimes legitimately appe> z a book ( sci5ce4 ,life may sometimes appe>1 & ) a mu* great] legitimacy1 z a book ( metaphysics4 ,b life is always a novel4 ,our exi/5ce may cease to be a song2 x may cease ev5 to be a beautiful lam5t4 ,our exi/5ce may n be an intelligible ju/ice1 or ev5 a recognizable wrong4 ,b our exi/5ce is /ill a /ory4 ,9 ! fi]y alphabet ( e sunset is writt51 8to be cont9u$ 9 our next40 ,if we h suffici5t intellect1 we c f9i% a philosophical & exact d$uction1 & be c]ta9 t we are f9i%+ x "r4 ,) ! adequate bra9-p[] we c\ld f9i% any sci5tific discov]y1 & be c]ta9 t we 7 f9i%+ x "r4 ,b n ) ! mo/ gigantic intellect c\ld we f9i% ! simple/ or sillie/ /ory1 & be c]ta9 t we 7 f9i%+ x "r4 ,t is because a /ory has beh9d x1 n m]ely intellect :i* is p>tly me*anical1 b w1 :i* is 9 its ess5ce div9e4 ,! n>rative writ] c s5d 8 h]o to ! gall[s if he likes 9 ! la/ *apt] b "o4 ,he c d x by ! same div9e caprice :]eby he1 ! au?or1 c g to ! gall[s himself1 & to hell aft]w>ds if he *ooses4 ,& ! same civilization1 ! *ivalric ,european civilization :i* ass]t$ freewill 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 produc$ ! ?+ call$ 8fiction0 9 ! eighte5?4 ,:5 ,?omas ,aqu9as ass]t$ ! spiritual lib]ty ( man1 he creat$ all ! bad novels 9 ! circulat+ libr>ies4 ,b 9 ord] t life %\ld be a /ory or romance to u1 x is necess>y t a great "p ( x1 at any rate1 %\ld be settl$ = u )\t our p]mission4 ,if we wi% life to be a sy/em1 ?is may be a nuisance2 b if we wi% x to be a drama1 x is an ess5tial4 ,x may (t5 happ51 no d\bt1 t a drama may be writt5 by somebody else :i* we l v little4 ,b we %\ld l x /ill less if ! au?or came be=e ! curta9 e h\r or s1 & =c$ on u ! :ole tr\ble ( inv5t+ ! next act4 ,a man has control ov] _m ?+s 9 8 life2 he has control ov] en\gh ?+s to be ! h]o ( a novel4 ,b if he _h control ov] ev]y?+1 !re w\ld be s mu* h]o t !re w\ld be no novel4 ,& ! reason :y ! lives ( ! ri* are at bottom s tame & unev5tful is simply t !y c *oose ! ev5ts4 ,!y are dull because !y are omnipot5t4 ,!y fail to feel adv5tures because !y c make ! adv5tures4 ,! ?+ :i* keeps life romantic & full ( fi]y possibilities is ! exi/5ce ( ^! great pla9 limitations :i* =ce all ( u to meet ! ?+s we d n l or d n expect4 ,x is va9 = ! sup]cili\s mod]ns to talk ( be+ 9 uncong5ial surr\nd+s4 ,to be 9 a romance is to be 9 uncong5ial surr\nd+s4 ,to be born into ?is e>? is to be born into uncong5ial surr\nd+s1 h5ce to be born into a romance4 ,( all ^! great limitations & frameworks :i* fa%ion & create ! poetry & v>iety ( life1 ! family is ! mo/ def9ite & important4 ,h5ce x is misund]/ood by ! mod]ns1 :o imag9e t romance w\ld exi/ mo/ p]fectly 9 a complete /ate ( :at !y call lib]ty4 ,!y ?9k t if a man makes a ge/ure x w\ld be a />tl+ & romantic matt] t ! sun %\ld fall f ! sky4 ,b ! />tl+ & romantic ?+ ab\t ! sun is t x does n fall f ! sky4 ,!y are seek+ "u e %ape & =m a _w :]e !re are no limitations--t is1 a _w :]e !re are no outl9es2 t is1 a _w :]e !re are no %apes4 ,!re is no?+ bas] ?an t inf9ity4 ,!y say !y wi% to be z /rong z ! univ]se1 b !y really wi% ! :ole univ]se z weak z !mselves4 ,,xv4 ,on ,sm>t ,noveli/s & ! ,sm>t ,set ,9 "o s5se1 at any rate1 x is m valuable to read bad lit]ature ?an good lit]ature4 ,good lit]ature may tell u ! m9d ( "o man2 b bad lit]ature may tell u ! m9d ( _m m54 ,a good novel tells u ! tru? ab\t its h]o2 b a bad novel tells u ! tru? ab\t its au?or4 ,x does mu* m ?an t1 x tells u ! tru? ab\t its read]s2 &1 oddly en\gh1 x tells u ?is all ! m ! m cynical & immoral be ! motive ( its manufacture4 ,! m di%one/ a book is z a book ! m hone/ x is z a public docum5t4 ,a s9c]e novel exhibits ! simplicity ( "o p>ticul> man2 an ins9c]e novel exhibits ! simplicity ( mank9d4 ,! p$antic decisions & def9able readju/m5ts ( man may be f\nd 9 scrolls & /atute books & scriptures2 b m5's basic assumptions & ev]la/+ en]gies are to be f\nd 9 p5ny dreadfuls & halfp5ny novelettes4 ,?us a man1 l _m m5 ( real culture 9 our day1 might le>n f good lit]ature no?+ except ! p[] to appreciate good lit]ature4 ,b f bad lit]ature he might le>n to gov]n empires & look ov] ! map ( mank9d4 ,!re is "o r int]e/+ example ( ?is /ate ( ?+s 9 :i* ! weak] lit]ature is really ! /rong] & ! /rong] ! weak]4 ,x is ! case ( :at may be call$1 = ! sake ( an approximate description1 ! lit]ature ( ari/ocracy2 or1 if y pref] ! description1 ! lit]ature ( snobbi%ness4 ,n[ if any "o wi%es to f9d a really effective & compreh5sible & p]man5t case = ari/ocracy well & s9c]ely /at$1 let him read1 n ! mod]n philosophical cons]vatives1 n ev5 ,nietzs*e1 let him read ! ,b[ ,bells ,novelettes4 ,( ! case ( ,nietzs*e ,i am confess$ly m d\btful4 ,nietzs*e & ! ,b[ ,bells ,novelettes h bo? obvi\sly ! same fundam5tal "*2 !y bo? wor%ip ! tall man ) curl+ m\/a*es & h]culean bodily p[]1 & !y bo? wor%ip him 9 a mann] :i* is some:at fem99e & hy/]ical4 ,ev5 "h1 h[ev]1 ! ,novelette easily ma9ta9s its philosophical sup]iority1 because x does attribute to ! /rong man ^? virtues :i* d commonly belong to him1 su* virtues z laz9ess & k9dl9ess & a r reckless b5evol5ce1 & a great dislike ( hurt+ ! weak4 ,nietzs*e1 on ! o!r h&1 attributes to ! /rong man t scorn aga9/ weakness :i* only exi/s among invalids4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 ( ! second>y m]its ( ! great ,g]man philosoph]1 b ( ! prim>y m]its ( ! ,b[ ,bells ,novelettes1 t x is my pres5t affair to speak4 ,! picture ( ari/ocracy 9 ! popul> s5tim5tal novelette seems to me v satisfactory z a p]man5t political & philosophical guide4 ,x may be inaccurate ab\t details su* z ! title by :i* a b>onet is address$ or ! wid? ( a m\nta9 *asm :i* a b>onet c conv5i5tly leap1 b x is n a bad description ( ! g5]al idea & int5tion ( ari/ocracy z !y exi/ 9 human affairs4 ,! ess5tial dream ( ari/ocracy is magnific5ce & val\r2 & if ! ,family ,h]ald ,supplem5t sometimes di/orts or exagg]ates ^! ?+s1 at lea/1 x does n fall %ort 9 !m4 ,x nev] errs by mak+ ! m\nta9 *asm too n>r[ or ! title ( ! b>onet insuffici5tly impressive4 ,b above ?is sane reliable old lit]ature ( snobbi%ness !re has aris5 9 our "t ano!r k9d ( lit]ature ( snobbi%ness :i*1 ) its mu* high] pret5sions1 seems to me wor?y ( v mu* less respect4 ,incid5tally 7if t matt]s71 x is mu* bett] lit]ature4 ,b x is immeasurably worse philosophy1 immeasurably worse e?ics & politics1 immeasurably worse vital r5d]+ ( ari/ocracy & humanity z !y really are4 ,f su* books z ^? ( :i* ,i wi% n[ to speak we c discov] :at a clev] man c d ) ! idea ( ari/ocracy4 ,b f ! ,family ,h]ald ,supplem5t lit]ature we c le>n :at ! idea ( ari/ocracy c d ) a man :o is n clev]4 ,& :5 we "k t we "k ,engli% hi/ory4 ,?is new ari/ocratic fiction mu/ h caught ! att5tion ( ev]ybody :o has read ! be/ fiction = ! la/ fifte5 ye>s4 ,x is t g5u9e or alleg$ lit]ature ( ! ,sm>t ,set :i* repres5ts t set z di/+ui%$1 n only by sm>t dresses1 b by sm>t say+s4 ,to ! bad b>onet1 to ! good b>onet1 to ! romantic & misund]/ood b>onet :o is suppos$ to be a bad b>onet1 b is a good b>onet1 ?is s*ool has add$ a conception undream$ ( 9 ! =m] ye>s--! conception ( an amus+ b>onet4 ,! ari/ocrat is n m]ely to be tall] ?an mortal m5 & /rong] & h&som]1 he is also to be m witty4 ,he is ! long man ) ! %ort epigram4 ,_m em95t1 & des]v$ly em95t1 mod]n noveli/s mu/ accept "s responsibility = hav+ support$ ?is wor/ =m ( snobbi%ness--an intellectual snobbi%ness4 ,! tal5t$ au?or ( 8,dodo0 is responsible = hav+ 9 "s s5se creat$ ! fa%ion z a fa%ion4 ,mr4 ,hi*5s1 9 ! 8,gre5 ,c>nation10 reaffirm$ ! /range idea t "y noblem5 talk well2 ?\gh 8 case _h "s vague biographical f\ndation1 & 9 consequ5ce an excuse4 ,mrs4 ,craigie is consid]ably guilty 9 ! matt]1 al?\gh1 or r because1 %e has comb9$ ! ari/ocratic note ) a note ( "s moral & ev5 religi\s s9c]ity4 ,:5 y are sav+ a man's s\l1 ev5 9 a novel1 x is indec5t to m5tion t he is a g5tleman4 ,nor c blame 9 ?is matt] be altoge!r remov$ f a man ( mu* great] ability1 & a man :o has prov$ 8 possession ( ! highe/ ( human in/9ct1 ! romantic in/9ct--,i mean ,mr4 ,an?ony ,hope4 ,9 a gallop+1 impossible melodrama l 8,! ,prison] ( ,z5da10 ! blood ( k+s fann$ an excell5t fanta/ic ?read or !me4 ,b ! blood ( k+s is n a ?+ t c be tak5 s]i\sly4 ,& :51 = example1 ,mr4 ,hope devotes s mu* s]i\s & sympa!tic /udy to ! man call$ ,tri/ram ( ,bl5t1 a man :o ?r\gh\t burn+ boyhood ?\ght ( no?+ b a silly old e/ate1 we feel ev5 9 ,mr4 ,hope ! h9t ( ?is excessive conc]n ab\t ! olig>*ic idea4 ,x is h>d = any ord9>y p]son to feel s mu* int]e/ 9 a "y man ^: :ole aim is to own ! h\se ( ,bl5t at ! "t :5 e o!r "y man is own+ ! />s4 ,mr4 ,hope1 h[ev]1 is a v mild case1 & 9 him !re is n only an elem5t ( romance1 b also a f9e elem5t ( irony :i* w>ns u aga9/ tak+ all ?is elegance too s]i\sly4 ,above all1 he %[s 8 s5se 9 n mak+ 8 noblem5 s incr$ibly equipp$ ) impromptu rep>tee4 ,?is habit ( insi/+ on ! wit ( ! weal?i] classes is ! la/ & mo/ s]vile ( all ! s]vilities4 ,x is1 z ,i h said1 immeasurably m contemptible ?an ! snobbi%ness ( ! novelette :i* describes ! nobleman z smil+ l an ,apollo or rid+ a mad elephant4 ,^! may be exagg]ations ( beauty & c\rage1 b beauty & c\rage are ! unconsci\s ideals ( ari/ocrats1 ev5 ( /upid ari/ocrats4 ,! nobleman ( ! novelette may n be sket*$ ) any v close or consci5ti\s att5tion to ! daily habits ( noblem54 ,b he is some?+ m important ?an a reality2 he is a practical ideal4 ,! g5tleman ( fiction may n copy ! g5tleman ( real life2 b ! g5tleman ( real life is copy+ ! g5tleman ( fiction4 ,he may n be p>ticul>ly good-look+1 b he w\ld r be good-look+ ?an any?+ else2 he may n h ridd5 on a mad elephant1 b he rides a pony z f> z possible ) an air z if he _h4 ,&1 ^u ! :ole1 ! upp] class n only especially desire ^! qualities ( beauty & c\rage1 b 9 "s degree1 at any rate1 especially possess !m4 ,?us !re is no?+ really mean or sycophantic ab\t ! popul> lit]ature :i* makes all its m>quises sev5 feet high4 ,x is snobbi%1 b x is n s]vile4 ,its exagg]ation is bas$ on an exub]ant & hone/ admiration2 its hone/ admiration is bas$ ^u some?+ :i* is 9 "s degree1 at any rate1 really !re4 ,! ,engli% l[] classes d n fe> ! ,engli% upp] classes 9 ! lea/2 nobody c\ld4 ,!y simply & freely & s5tim5tally wor%ip !m4 ,! /r5g? ( ! ari/ocracy is n 9 ! ari/ocracy at all2 x is 9 ! slums4 ,x is n 9 ! ,h\se ( ,lords2 x is n 9 ! ,civil ,s]vice2 x is n 9 ! ,gov]nm5t (fices2 x is n ev5 9 ! huge & disproportionate monopoly ( ! ,engli% l&4 ,x is 9 a c]ta9 _s4 ,x is 9 ! fact t :5 a navvy wi%es to praise a man1 x comes readily to 8 tongue to say t he has behav$ l a g5tleman4 ,f a democratic po9t ( view he might z well say t he _h behav$ l a visc\nt4 ,! olig>*ic "* ( ! mod]n ,engli% commonweal? does n re/1 l _m olig>*ies1 on ! cruelty ( ! ri* to ! poor4 ,x does n ev5 re/ on ! k9dness ( ! ri* to ! poor4 ,x re/s on ! p]5nial & unfail+ k9dness ( ! poor to ! ri*4 ,! snobbi%ness ( bad lit]ature1 !n1 is n s]vile2 b ! snobbi%ness ( good lit]ature is s]vile4 ,! old-fa%ion$ halfp5ny romance :]e ! du*esses sp>kl$ ) diamonds 0 n s]vile2 b ! new romance :]e !y sp>kle ) epigrams is s]vile4 ,= 9 ?us attribut+ a special & />tl+ degree ( intellect & conv]sational or controv]sial p[] to ! upp] classes1 we are attribut+ some?+ :i* is n especially _! virtue or ev5 especially _! aim4 ,we are1 9 ! words ( ,disraeli 7:o1 be+ a g5ius & n a g5tleman1 has p]haps prim>ily to answ] = ! introduction ( ?is me?od ( flatt]+ ! g5try71 we are p]=m+ ! ess5tial function ( flatt]y :i* is flatt]+ ! p = ! qualities !y h n got4 ,praise may be gigantic & insane )\t hav+ any quality ( flatt]y s long z x is praise ( some?+ t is noticeably 9 exi/5ce4 ,a man may say t a giraffe's head /rikes ! />s1 or t a :ale fills ! ,g]man ,ocean1 & /ill be only 9 a r excit$ /ate ab\t a fav\rite animal4 ,b :5 he beg9s to congratulate ! giraffe on 8 fea!rs1 & ! :ale on ! elegance ( 8 legs1 we f9d ourselves confront$ ) t social elem5t :i* we call flatt]y4 ,! middle & l[] ord]s ( ,london c s9c]ely1 ?\gh n p]haps safely1 admire ! heal? & grace ( ! ,engli% ari/ocracy4 ,& ?is = ! v simple reason t ! ari/ocrats are1 ^u ! :ole1 m heal?y & graceful ?an ! poor4 ,b !y _c hone/ly admire ! wit ( ! ari/ocrats4 ,& ?is = ! simple reason t ! ari/ocrats are n m witty ?an ! poor1 b a v great deal less s4 ,a man does n he>1 z 9 ! sm>t novels1 ^! gems ( v]bal felicity dropp$ betwe5 diplomati/s at d9n]4 ,:]e he really does he> !m is betwe5 two omnibus conductors 9 a block 9 ,holborn4 ,! witty pe] ^: impromptus fill ! books ( ,mrs4 ,craigie or ,miss ,f[l]1 w\ld1 z a matt] ( fact1 be torn to %r$s 9 ! art ( conv]sation by ! fir/ boot-black he _h ! mis=tune to fall f\l (4 ,! poor are m]ely s5tim5tal1 & v excusably s5tim5tal1 if !y praise ! g5tleman = hav+ a ready h& & ready money4 ,b !y are /rictly slaves & sycophants if !y praise him = hav+ a ready tongue4 ,= t !y h f> m !mselves4 ,! elem5t ( olig>*ical s5tim5t 9 ^! novels1 h[ev]1 has1 ,i ?9k1 ano!r & subtl] aspect1 an aspect m difficult to und]/& & m wor? und]/&+4 ,! mod]n g5tleman1 p>ticul>ly ! mod]n ,engli% g5tleman1 has become s c5tral & important 9 ^! books1 & ?r\gh !m 9 ! :ole ( our curr5t lit]ature & our curr5t mode ( ?\ght1 t c]ta9 qualities ( 81 :e!r orig9al or rec5t1 ess5tial or accid5tal1 h alt]$ ! quality ( our ,engli% com$y4 ,9 p>ticul>1 t /oical ideal1 absurdly suppos$ to be ! ,engli% ideal1 has /iff5$ & *ill$ u4 ,x is n ! ,engli% ideal2 b x is to "s ext5t ! ari/ocratic ideal2 or x may be only ! ideal ( ari/ocracy 9 its autumn or decay4 ,! g5tleman is a ,/oic because he is a sort ( savage1 because he is fill$ ) a great elem5tal fe> t "s /rang] w speak to him4 ,t is :y a ?ird-class c>riage is a community1 :ile a fir/-class c>riage is a place ( wild h]mits4 ,b ?is matt]1 :i* is difficult1 ,i may be p]mitt$ to approa* 9 a m circuit\s way4 ,! haunt+ elem5t ( ineffectualness :i* runs ?r\gh s mu* ( ! witty & epigrammatic fiction fa%ionable dur+ ! la/ eight or t5 ye>s1 :i* runs ?r\gh su* works ( a real ?\gh v>y+ +5uity z 8,dodo10 or 8,conc]n+ ,isabel ,c>naby10 or ev5 8,"s ,emotions & a ,moral10 may be express$ 9 v>i\s ways1 b to mo/ ( u ,i ?9k x w ultimately am\nt to ! same ?+4 ,?is new frivolity is inadequate because !re is 9 x no /rong s5se ( an unutt]$ joy4 ,! m5 & wom5 :o ex*ange ! rep>tees may n only be hat+ ea* o!r1 b hat+ ev5 !mselves4 ,any "o ( !m might be bankrupt t day1 or s5t5c$ to be %ot ! next4 ,!y are jok+1 n because !y are m]ry1 b because !y are n2 out ( ! empt9ess ( ! he>t ! m\? speake?4 ,ev5 :5 !y talk pure nons5se x is a c>eful nons5se--a nons5se ( :i* !y are economical1 or1 to use ! p]fect expression ( ,mr4 ,w4 ,s4 ,gilb]t 9 8,pati5ce10 x is su* 8preci\s nons5se40 ,ev5 :5 !y become light-head$ !y d n become light-he>t$4 ,all ^? :o h read any?+ ( ! rationalism ( ! mod]ns "k t _! ,reason is a sad ?+4 ,b ev5 _! unreason is sad4 ,! causes ( ?is incapacity are also n v difficult to indicate4 ,! *ief ( all1 ( c\rse1 is t mis]able fe> ( be+ s5tim5tal1 :i* is ! meane/ ( all ! mod]n t]rors--mean] ev5 ?an ! t]ror :i* produces hygi5e4 ,ev]y:]e ! robu/ & upro>i\s hum\r has come f ! m5 :o 7 capable n m]ely ( s5tim5talism1 b a v silly s5tim5talism4 ,!re has be5 no hum\r s robu/ or upro>i\s z t ( ! s5tim5tali/ ,/eele or ! s5tim5tali/ ,/]ne or ! s5tim5tali/ ,dick5s4 ,^! creatures :o wept l wom5 7 ! creatures :o laugh$ l m54 ,x is true t ! hum\r ( ,micawb] is good lit]ature & t ! pa?os ( little ,nell is bad4 ,b ! k9d ( man :o _h ! c\rage to write s badly 9 ! "o case is ! k9d ( man :o w\ld h ! c\rage to write s well 9 ! o!r4 ,! same unconsci\sness1 ! same viol5t innoc5ce1 ! same gigantesque scale ( action :i* br\ght ! ,napoleon ( ,com$y 8 ,j5a br\ght him also 8 ,mosc[4 ,& h]e9 is especially %[n ! frigid & feeble limitations ( our mod]n wits4 ,!y make viol5t ef=ts1 !y make h]oic & almo/ pa!tic ef=ts1 b !y _c really write badly4 ,!re are mom5ts :5 we almo/ ?9k t !y are a*iev+ ! effect1 b our hope %rivels to no?+ ! mom5t we comp>e _! little failures ) ! enorm\s imbecilities ( ,byron or ,%akespe>e4 ,= a he>ty laugh x is necess>y to h t\*$ ! he>t4 ,i d n "k :y t\*+ ! he>t %\ld always be connect$ only ) ! idea ( t\*+ x to compassion or a s5se ( di/ress4 ,! he>t c be t\*$ to joy & triumph2 ! he>t c be t\*$ to amusem5t4 ,b all our com$ians are tragic com$ians4 ,^! lat] fa%ionable writ]s are s pessimi/ic 9 bone & m>r[ t !y nev] seem able to imag9e ! he>t hav+ any conc]n ) mir?4 ,:5 !y speak ( ! he>t1 !y always mean ! pangs & disappo9tm5ts ( ! emotional life4 ,:5 !y say t a man's he>t is 9 ! "r place1 !y mean1 app>5tly1 t x is 9 8 boots4 ,our e?ical societies und]/& fell[%ip1 b !y d n und]/& good fell[%ip4 ,simil>ly1 our wits und]/& talk1 b n :at ,dr4 ,johnson call$ a good talk4 ,9 ord] to h1 l ,dr4 ,johnson1 a good talk1 x is emphatically necess>y to be1 l ,dr4 ,johnson1 a good man--to h fri5d%ip & hon\r & an abysmal t5d]ness4 ,above all1 x is necess>y to be op5ly & indec5tly humane1 to confess ) fulness all ! prim>y pities & fe>s ( ,adam4 ,johnson 0 a cle>-head$ humor\s man1 & !re=e he did n m9d talk+ s]i\sly ab\t religion4 ,johnson 0 a brave man1 "o ( ! brave/ t ev] walk$1 & !re=e he did n m9d av[+ to any "o 8 consum+ fe> ( dea?4 ,! idea t !re is some?+ ,engli% 9 ! repression ( "o's feel+s is "o ( ^? ideas :i* no ,engli%man ev] he>d ( until ,engl& began to be gov]n$ exclusively by ,scot*m51 ,am]icans1 & ,jews4 ,at ! be/1 ! idea is a g5]alization f ! ,duke ( ,well+ton--:o 0 an ,iri%man4 ,at ! wor/1 x is a "p ( t silly ,teutonism :i* kn[s z little ab\t ,engl& z x does ab\t an?ropology1 b :i* is always talk+ ab\t ,vik+s4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! ,vik+s did n repress _! feel+s 9 ! lea/4 ,!y cri$ l babies & kiss$ ea* o!r l girls2 9 %ort1 !y act$ 9 t respect l ,a*illes & all /rong h]oes ! *ildr5 ( ! gods4 ,& ?\gh ! ,engli% nationality has probably n mu* m to d ) ! ,vik+s ?an ! ,fr5* nationality or ! ,iri% nationality1 ! ,engli% h c]ta9ly be5 ! *ildr5 ( ! ,vik+s 9 ! matt] ( te>s & kisses4 ,x is n m]ely true t all ! mo/ typically ,engli% m5 ( lett]s1 l ,%akespe>e & ,dick5s1 ,ri*>dson & ,?ack]ay1 7 s5tim5tali/s4 ,x is also true t all ! mo/ typically ,engli% m5 ( action 7 s5tim5tali/s1 if possible1 m s5tim5tal4 ,9 ! great ,elizabe?an age1 :5 ! ,engli% nation 0 f9ally hamm]$ out1 9 ! great eighte5? c5tury :5 ! ,briti% ,empire 0 be+ built up ev]y:]e1 :]e 9 all ^! times1 :]e 0 ?is symbolic /oical ,engli%man :o dresses 9 drab & black & represses 8 feel+s8 ,7 all ! ,elizabe?an pallad9s & pirates l t8 ,7 any ( !m l t8 ,0 ,gr5ville conceal+ 8 emotions :5 he broke w9e-glasses to pieces ) 8 tee? & bit !m till ! blood p\r$ d[n8 ,0 ,essex re/ra9+ 8 excitem5t :5 he ?rew 8 hat into ! sea8 ,did ,raleigh ?9k x s5sible to answ] ! ,spani% guns only1 z ,/ev5son says1 ) a fl\ri% ( insult+ trumpets8 ,did ,sydney ev] miss an opportunity ( mak+ a !atrical rem>k 9 ! :ole c\rse ( 8 life & dea?8 ,7 ev5 ! ,puritans ,/oics8 ,! ,engli% ,puritans repress$ a good deal1 b ev5 !y 7 too ,engli% to repress _! feel+s4 ,x 0 by a great miracle ( g5ius assur$ly t ,c>lyle contriv$ to admire simultane\sly two ?+s s irreconcilably oppos$ z sil5ce & ,oliv] ,cromwell4 ,cromwell 0 ! v rev]se ( a /rong1 sil5t man4 ,cromwell 0 always talk+1 :5 he 0 n cry+4 ,nobody1 ,i suppose1 w accuse ! au?or ( 8,grace ,ab\nd+0 ( be+ a%am$ ( 8 feel+s4 ,milton1 inde$1 x might be possible to repres5t z a ,/oic2 9 "s s5se he 0 a ,/oic1 j z he 0 a prig & a polygami/ & sev]al o!r unpleasant & hea!n ?+s4 ,b :5 we h pass$ t great & desolate "n1 :i* may really be c\nt$ an exception1 we f9d ! tradition ( ,engli% emotionalism imm$iately resum$ & unbrok5ly cont9u\s4 ,:atev] may h be5 ! moral beauty ( ! passions ( ,e!ridge & ,dorset1 ,s$ley & ,buck+ham1 !y _c be accus$ ( ! fault ( fa/idi\sly conceal+ !m4 ,*>les ! ,second 0 v popul> ) ! ,engli% because1 l all ! jolly ,engli% k+s1 he display$ 8 passions4 ,william ! ,dut*man 0 v unpopul> ) ! ,engli% because1 n be+ an ,engli%man1 he did hide 8 emotions4 ,he 01 9 fact1 precisely ! ideal ,engli%man ( our mod]n !ory2 & precisely = t reason all ! real ,engli%m5 loa!d him l leprosy4 ,) ! rise ( ! great ,engl& ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 we f9d ?is op5 & emotional tone /ill ma9ta9$ 9 lett]s & politics1 9 arts & 9 arms4 ,p]haps ! only quality :i* 0 possess$ 9 common by ! great ,field+1 & ! great ,ri*>dson 0 t nei!r ( !m hid _! feel+s4 ,swift1 inde$1 0 h>d & logical1 because ,swift 0 ,iri%4 ,& :5 we pass to ! soldi]s & ! rul]s1 ! patriots & ! empire-build]s ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 we f9d1 z ,i h said1 t !y 71 ,if possible1 m romantic ?an ! romanc]s1 m poetical ?an ! poets4 ,*a?am1 :o %[$ ! _w all 8 /r5g?1 %[$ ! ,h\se ( ,commons all 8 weakness4 ,wolfe walk$ ab\t ! room ) a drawn sword call+ himself ,caes> & ,hannibal1 & w5t to dea? ) poetry 9 8 m\?4 ,clive 0 a man ( ! same type z ,cromwell or ,bunyan1 or1 = ! matt] ( t1 ,johnson--t is1 he 0 a /rong1 s5sible man ) a k9d ( runn+ spr+ ( hy/]ia & melan*oly 9 him4 ,l ,johnson1 he 0 all ! m heal?y because he 0 morbid4 ,! tales ( all ! admirals & adv5tur]s ( t ,engl& are full ( braggadocio1 ( s5tim5tality1 ( spl5did affectation4 ,b x is sc>cely necess>y to multiply examples ( ! ess5tially romantic ,engli%man :5 "o example t[]s above !m all4 ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+ has said complac5tly ( ! ,engli%1 8,we d n fall on ! neck & kiss :5 we come toge!r40 ,x is true t ?is anci5t & univ]sal cu/om has vani%$ ) ! mod]n weak5+ ( ,engl&4 ,sydney w\ld h ?\ght no?+ ( kiss+ ,sp5s]4 ,b ,i will+ly conc$e t ,mr4 ,brod]ick w\ld n be likely to kiss ,mr4 ,arnold-,fo/]1 if t be any pro( ( ! increas$ manl9ess & milit>y greatness ( ,engl&4 ,b ! ,engli%man :o does n %[ 8 feel+s has n altoge!r giv5 up ! p[] ( see+ some?+ ,engli% 9 ! great sea-h]o ( ! ,napoleonic w>4 ,y _c break ! leg5d ( ,nelson4 ,& across ! sunset ( t glory is writt5 9 flam+ lett]s = ev] ! great ,engli% s5tim5t1 8,kiss me1 ,h>dy40 ,?is ideal ( self-repression1 !n1 is1 :atev] else x is1 n ,engli%4 ,x is1 p]haps1 some:at ,ori5tal1 x is slightly ,prussian1 b 9 ! ma9 x does n come1 ,i ?9k1 f any racial or national s\rce4 ,x is1 z ,i h said1 9 "s s5se ari/ocratic2 x comes n f a p1 b f a class4 ,ev5 ari/ocracy1 ,i ?9k1 0 n q s /oical 9 ! days :5 x 0 really /rong4 ,b :e!r ?is unemotional ideal be ! g5u9e tradition ( ! g5tleman1 or only "o ( ! inv5tions ( ! mod]n g5tleman 7:o may be call$ ! decay$ g5tleman71 x c]ta9ly has some?+ to d ) ! unemotional quality 9 ^! society novels4 ,f repres5t+ ari/ocrats z p :o suppress$ _! feel+s1 x has be5 an easy /ep to repres5t+ ari/ocrats z p :o _h no feel+s to suppress4 ,?us ! mod]n olig>*i/ has made a virtue = ! olig>*y ( ! h>dness z well z ! brightness ( ! diamond4 ,l a sonnete] address+ 8 lady 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury1 he seems to use ! ^w 8cold0 almo/ z a eulogium1 & ! ^w 8he>tless0 z a k9d ( complim5t4 ,( c\rse1 9 p s incurably k9d-he>t$ & babyi% z are ! ,engli% g5try1 x w\ld be impossible to create any?+ t c be call$ positive cruelty2 s 9 ^! books !y exhibit a sort ( negative cruelty4 ,!y _c be cruel 9 acts1 b !y c be s 9 words4 ,all ?is means "o ?+1 & "o ?+ only4 ,x means t ! liv+ & invigorat+ ideal ( ,engl& mu/ be look$ = 9 ! masses2 x mu/ be look$ = :]e ,dick5s f\nd x--,dick5s among ^: glories x 0 to be a humori/1 to be a s5tim5tali/1 to be an optimi/1 to be a poor man1 to be an ,engli%man1 b ! greate/ ( ^: glories 0 t he saw all mank9d 9 its amaz+ & tropical luxuriance1 & did n ev5 notice ! ari/ocracy2 ,dick5s1 ! greate/ ( ^: glories 0 t he c\ld n describe a g5tleman4 ,,xvi4 ,on ,mr4 ,mc,cabe & a ,div9e ,frivolity ,a critic once remon/rat$ ) me say+1 ) an air ( indignant reasonabl5ess1 8,if y mu/ make jokes1 at lea/ y ne$ n make !m on su* s]i\s subjects40 ,i repli$ ) a natural simplicity & wond]1 8,ab\t :at o!r subjects c "o make jokes except s]i\s subjects80 ,x is q useless to talk ab\t pr(ane je/+4 ,all je/+ is 9 its nature pr(ane1 9 ! s5se t x mu/ be ! sudd5 realization t some?+ :i* ?9ks itself solemn is n s v solemn aft] all4 ,if a joke is n a joke ab\t religion or morals1 x is a joke ab\t police-magi/rates or sci5tific pr(essors or und]graduates dress$ up z ,que5 ,victoria4 ,& p joke ab\t ! police-magi/rate m ?an !y joke ab\t ! ,pope1 n because ! police-magi/rate is a m frivol\s subject1 b1 on ! contr>y1 because ! police-magi/rate is a m s]i\s subject ?an ! ,pope4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,rome has no jurisdiction 9 ?is realm ( ,engl&2 :]eas ! police-magi/rate may br+ 8 solemnity to be> q sudd5ly ^u u4 ,m5 make jokes ab\t old sci5tific pr(essors1 ev5 m ?an !y make !m ab\t bi%ops--n because sci5ce is light] ?an religion1 b because sci5ce is always by its nature m solemn & au/]e ?an religion4 ,x is n ,i2 x is n ev5 a p>ticul> class ( j\rnali/s or je/]s :o make jokes ab\t ! matt]s :i* are ( mo/ awful import2 x is ! :ole human race4 ,if !re is "o ?+ m ?an ano!r :i* any "o w admit :o has ! smalle/ k ( ! _w1 x is t m5 are always speak+ gravely & e>ne/ly & ) ! utmo/ possible c>e ab\t ! ?+s t are n important1 b always talk+ frivol\sly ab\t ! ?+s t are4 ,m5 talk = h\rs ) ! faces ( a college ( c>d9als ab\t ?+s l golf1 or tobacco1 or wai/coats1 or p>ty politics4 ,b all ! mo/ grave & dreadful ?+s 9 ! _w are ! olde/ jokes 9 ! _w--be+ m>ri$2 be+ hang$4 ,"o g5tleman1 h[ev]1 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe1 has 9 ?is matt] made to me some?+ t almo/ am\nts to a p]sonal appeal2 & z he happ5s to be a man = ^: s9c]ity & intellectual virtue ,i h a high respect1 ,i d n feel incl9$ to let x pass )\t "s attempt to satisfy my critic 9 ! matt]4 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe devotes a consid]able "p ( ! la/ essay 9 ! collection call$ 8,*ri/ianity & ,rationalism on ,trial0 to an objection1 n to my !sis1 b to my me?od1 & a v fri5dly & dignifi$ appeal to me to alt] x4 ,i am mu* incl9$ to def5d myself 9 ?is matt] out ( m]e respect = ,mr4 ,mc,cabe1 & /ill m s out ( m]e respect = ! tru? :i* is1 ,i ?9k1 9 dang] by 8 error1 n only 9 ?is "q1 b 9 o!rs4 ,9 ord] t !re may be no inju/ice done 9 ! matt]1 ,i w quote ,mr4 ,mc,cabe himself4 8,b be=e ,i foll[ ,mr4 ,*e/]ton 9 "s detail ,i w\ld make a g5]al obs]vation on 8 me?od4 ,he is z s]i\s z ,i am 9 8 ultimate purpose1 & ,i respect him = t4 ,he kn[s1 z ,i d1 t humanity /&s at a solemn p>t+ ( ! ways4 ,t[>ds "s unkn[n goal x presses ?r\gh ! ages1 impell$ by an ov]ma/]+ desire ( happ9ess4 ,to-day x hesitates1 ligh!>t$ly en\gh1 b e s]i\s ?9k] kn[s h[ mom5t\s ! decision may be4 ,x is1 app>5tly1 des]t+ ! pa? ( religion & ent]+ ^u ! pa? ( secul>ism4 ,w x lose itself 9 quagmires ( s5suality d[n ?is new pa?1 & pant & toil ?r\gh ye>s ( civic & indu/rial an>*y1 only to le>n x _h lo/ ! road1 & mu/ return to religion8 ,or w x f9d t at la/ x is leav+ ! mi/s & ! quagmires beh9d x2 t x is asc5d+ ! slope ( ! hill s long dimly disc]n$ ahead1 & mak+ /raight = ! long-s\ght ,utopia8 ,?is is ! drama ( our "t1 & e man & e woman %\ld und]/& x4 8,mr4 ,*e/]ton und]/&s x4 ,fur!r1 he gives u cr$it = und]/&+ x4 ,he has no?+ ( t paltry meanness or /range d5sity ( s _m ( 8 colleagues1 :o put u d[n z aimless iconocla/s or moral an>*i/s4 ,he admits t we are wag+ a ?ankless w> = :at we take to be ,tru? & ,progress4 ,he is do+ ! same4 ,b :y1 9 ! "n ( all t is reasonable1 %\ld we1 :5 we are agre$ on ! mom5t\sness ( ! issue ei!r way1 =?) des]t s]i\s me?ods ( conduct+ ! controv]sy8 ,:y1 :5 ! vital ne$ ( our "t is to induce m5 & wom5 to collect _! ?\ghts occasionally1 & be m5 & wom5--nay1 to rememb] t !y are really gods t hold ! de/9ies ( humanity on _! knees--:y %\ld we ?9k t ?is kaleidoscopic play ( phrases is inopportune8 ,! ballets ( ! ,alhambra1 & ! fireworks ( ! ,cry/al ,palace1 & ,mr4 ,*e/]ton's ,daily ,news articles1 h _! place 9 life4 ,b h[ a s]i\s social /ud5t c ?9k ( cur+ ! ?\ghtlessness ( our g5]ation by /ra9$ p>adoxes2 ( giv+ p a sane grasp ( social problems by lit]>y sleight-(-h&2 ( settl+ important que/ions by a reckless %[] ( rocket-metaphors & inaccurate #8facts1' & ! sub/itution ( imag9ation = judgm5t1 ,i _c see40 ,i quote ?is passage ) a p>ticul> pleasure1 because ,mr4 ,mc,cabe c]ta9ly _c put too /rongly ! degree to :i* ,i give him & 8 s*ool cr$it = _! complete s9c]ity & responsibility ( philosophical attitude4 ,i am q c]ta9 t !y mean e ^w !y say4 ,i also mean e ^w ,i say4 ,b :y is x t ,mr4 ,mc,cabe has "s sort ( my/]i\s hesitation ab\t admitt+ t ,i mean e ^w ,i say2 :y is x t he is n q z c]ta9 ( my m5tal responsibility z ,i am ( 8 m5tal responsibility8 ,if we attempt to answ] ! "q directly & well1 we %all1 ,i ?9k1 h come to ! root ( ! matt] by ! %orte/ cut4 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe ?9ks t ,i am n s]i\s b only funny1 because ,mr4 ,mc,cabe ?9ks t funny is ! opposite ( s]i\s4 ,funny is ! opposite ( n funny1 & ( no?+ else4 ,! "q ( :e!r a man expresses himself 9 a grotesque or laughable phraseology1 or 9 a /ately & re/ra9$ phraseology1 is n a "q ( motive or ( moral /ate1 x is a "q ( in/9ctive language & self-expression4 ,:e!r a man *ooses to tell ! tru? 9 long s5t5ces or %ort jokes is a problem analog\s to :e!r he *ooses to tell ! tru? 9 ,fr5* or ,g]man4 ,:e!r a man prea*es 8 gospel grotesquely or gravely is m]ely l ! "q ( :e!r he prea*es x 9 prose or v]se4 ,! "q ( :e!r ,swift 0 funny 9 8 irony is q ano!r sort ( "q to ! "q ( :e!r ,swift 0 s]i\s 9 8 pessimism4 ,surely ev5 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe w\ld n ma9ta9 t ! m funny 8,gulliv]0 is 9 its me?od ! less x c be s9c]e 9 its object4 ,! tru? is1 z ,i h said1 t 9 ?is s5se ! two qualities ( fun & s]i\sness h no?+ :atev] to d ) ea* o!r1 !y are no m comp>able ?an black & triangul>4 ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw is funny & s9c]e4 ,mr4 ,george ,robey is funny & n s9c]e4 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe is s9c]e & n funny4 ,! av]age ,cab9et ,m9i/] is n s9c]e & n funny4 ,9 %ort1 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe is "u ! influ5ce ( a prim>y fallacy :i* ,i h f\nd v common 9 m5 ( ! cl]ical type4 ,numb]s ( cl]gym5 h f "t to "t reproa*$ me = mak+ jokes ab\t religion2 & !y h almo/ always invok$ ! au?ority ( t v s5sible comm&m5t :i* says1 8,?\ %alt n take ! "n ( ! ,"l ?y ,god 9 va940 ,( c\rse1 ,i po9t$ out t ,i 0 n 9 any conceivable s5se tak+ ! "n 9 va94 ,to take a ?+ & make a joke out ( x is n to take x 9 va94 ,x is1 on ! contr>y1 to take x & use x = an uncommonly good object4 ,to use a ?+ 9 va9 means to use x )\t use4 ,b a joke may be exce$+ly useful2 x may conta9 ! :ole e>?ly s5se1 n to m5tion ! :ole heav5ly s5se1 ( a situation4 ,& ^? :o f9d 9 ! ,bible ! comm&m5t c f9d 9 ! ,bible any numb] ( ! jokes4 ,9 ! same book 9 :i* ,god's "n is f5c$ f be+ tak5 9 va91 ,god himself ov]:elms ,job ) a torr5t ( t]rible levities4 ,! same book :i* says t ,god's "n mu/ n be tak5 va9ly1 talks easily & c>elessly ab\t ,god laugh+ & ,god w9k+4 ,evid5tly x is n "h t we h to look = g5u9e examples ( :at is meant by a va9 use ( ! "n4 ,& x is n v difficult to see :]e we h really to look = x4 ,! p 7z ,i tactfully po9t$ out to !m7 :o really take ! "n ( ! ,"l 9 va9 are ! cl]gym5 !mselves4 ,! ?+ :i* is fundam5tally & really frivol\s is n a c>eless joke4 ,! ?+ :i* is fundam5tally & really frivol\s is a c>eless solemnity4 ,if ,mr4 ,mc,cabe really wi%es to "k :at sort ( gu>antee ( reality & solidity is af=d$ by ! m]e act ( :at is call$ talk+ s]i\sly1 let him sp5d a happy ,sunday 9 go+ ! r\nd ( ! pulpits4 ,or1 bett] /ill1 let him drop 9 at ! ,h\se ( ,commons or ! ,h\se ( ,lords4 ,ev5 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe w\ld admit t ^! m5 are solemn--m solemn ?an ,i am4 ,& ev5 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe1 ,i ?9k1 w\ld admit t ^! m5 are frivol\s--m frivol\s ?an ,i am4 ,:y %\ld ,mr4 ,mc,cabe be s eloqu5t ab\t ! dang] aris+ f fanta/ic & p>adoxical writ]s8 ,:y %\ld he be s ard5t 9 desir+ grave & v]bose writ]s8 ,!re are n s v _m fanta/ic & p>adoxical writ]s4 ,b !re are a gigantic numb] ( grave & v]bose writ]s2 & x is by ! ef=ts ( ! grave & v]bose writ]s t ev]y?+ t ,mr4 ,mc,cabe dete/s 7& ev]y?+ t ,i dete/1 = t matt]7 is kept 9 exi/5ce & en]gy4 ,h[ c x h come ab\t t a man z intellig5t z ,mr4 ,mc,cabe c ?9k t p>adox & je/+ /op ! way8 ,x is solemnity t is /opp+ ! way 9 e dep>tm5t ( mod]n ef=t4 ,x is 8 own fav\rite 8s]i\s me?ods20 x is 8 own fav\rite 8mom5t\sness20 x is 8 own fav\rite 8judgm5t0 :i* /ops ! way ev]y:]e4 ,e man :o has ev] head$ a deputation to a m9i/] kn[s ?is4 ,e man :o has ev] writt5 a lett] to ! ,times kn[s x4 ,e ri* man :o wi%es to /op ! m\?s ( ! poor talks ab\t 8mom5t\sness40 ,e ,cab9et m9i/] :o has n got an answ] sudd5ly develops a 8judgm5t40 ,e sweat] :o uses vile me?ods recomm5ds 8s]i\s me?ods40 ,i said a mom5t ago t s9c]ity _h no?+ to d ) solemnity1 b ,i confess t ,i am n s c]ta9 t ,i 0 "r4 ,9 ! mod]n _w1 at any rate1 ,i am n s sure t ,i 0 "r4 ,9 ! mod]n _w solemnity is ! direct enemy ( s9c]ity4 ,9 ! mod]n _w s9c]ity is almo/ always on "o side1 & solemnity almo/ always on ! o!r4 ,! only answ] possible to ! fi]ce & glad attack ( s9c]ity is ! mis]able answ] ( solemnity4 ,let ,mr4 ,mc,cabe1 or any "o else :o is mu* conc]n$ t we %\ld be grave 9 ord] to be s9c]e1 simply imag9e ! sc5e 9 "s gov]nm5t (fice 9 :i* ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw %\ld head a ,sociali/ deputation to ,mr4 ,au/5 ,*amb]la94 ,on :i* side w\ld be ! solemnity8 ,& on :i* ! s9c]ity8 ,i am1 inde$1 delight$ to discov] t ,mr4 ,mc,cabe reckons ,mr4 ,%aw along ) me 9 8 sy/em ( condemnation ( frivolity4 ,he said once1 ,i believe1 t he always want$ ,mr4 ,%aw to label 8 p>agraphs s]i\s or comic4 ,i d n "k :i* p>agraphs ( ,mr4 ,%aw are p>agraphs to be labell$ s]i\s2 b surely !re c be no d\bt t ?is p>agraph ( ,mr4 ,mc,cabe's is "o to be labell$ comic4 ,he also says1 9 ! article ,i am n[ discuss+1 t ,mr4 ,%aw has ! reputation ( delib]ately say+ ev]y?+ :i* 8 he>]s d n expect him to say4 ,i ne$ n lab\r ! inconclusiv5ess & weakness ( ?is1 because x has already be5 dealt ) 9 my rem>ks on ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw4 ,suffice x to say "h t ! only s]i\s reason :i* ,i c imag9e induc+ any "o p]son to li/5 to any o!r is1 t ! fir/ p]son looks to ! second p]son ) an ard5t fai? & a fix$ att5tion1 expect+ him to say :at he does n expect him to say4 ,x may be a p>adox1 b t is because p>adoxes are true4 ,x may n be rational1 b t is because rationalism is wrong4 ,b cle>ly x is q true t :5ev] we g to he> a prophet or tea*] we may or may n expect wit1 we may or may n expect eloqu5ce1 b we d expect :at we d n expect4 ,we may n expect ! true1 we may n ev5 expect ! wise1 b we d expect ! unexpect$4 ,if we d n expect ! unexpect$1 :y d we g !re at all8 ,if we expect ! expect$1 :y d we n sit at home & expect x by ourselves8 ,if ,mr4 ,mc,cabe means m]ely ?is ab\t ,mr4 ,%aw1 t he always has "s unexpect$ application ( 8 doctr9e to give to ^? :o li/5 to him1 :at he says is q true1 & to say x is only to say t ,mr4 ,%aw is an orig9al man4 ,b if he means t ,mr4 ,%aw has ev] pr(ess$ or prea*$ any doctr9e b "o1 & t 8 own1 !n :at he says is n true4 ,x is n my bus9ess to def5d ,mr4 ,%aw2 z has be5 se5 already1 ,i disagree ) him altoge!r4 ,b ,i d n m9d1 on 8 behalf (f]+ 9 ?is matt] a flat defiance to all 8 ord9>y oppon5ts1 su* z ,mr4 ,mc,cabe4 ,i defy ,mr4 ,mc,cabe1 or anybody else1 to m5tion "o s+le in/ance 9 :i* ,mr4 ,%aw has1 = ! sake ( wit or novelty1 tak5 up any position :i* 0 n directly d$ucible f ! body ( 8 doctr9e z else:]e express$4 ,i h be51 ,i am happy to say1 a tol]ably close /ud5t ( ,mr4 ,%aw's utt]ances1 & ,i reque/ ,mr4 ,mc,cabe1 if he w n believe t ,i mean any?+ else1 to believe t ,i mean ?is *all5ge4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 is a p>5!sis4 ,! ?+ ) :i* ,i am "h imm$iately conc]n$ is ,mr4 ,mc,cabe's appeal to me n to be s frivol\s4 ,let me return to ! actual text ( t appeal4 ,!re are1 ( c\rse1 a great _m ?+s t ,i might say ab\t x 9 detail4 ,b ,i may />t ) say+ t ,mr4 ,mc,cabe is 9 error 9 suppos+ t ! dang] :i* ,i anticipate f ! disappe>ance ( religion is ! increase ( s5suality4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i %\ld be incl9$ to anticipate a decrease 9 s5suality1 because ,i anticipate a decrease 9 life4 ,i d n ?9k t "u mod]n ,we/]n mat]ialism we %\ld h an>*y4 ,i d\bt :e!r we %\ld h en\gh individual val\r & _s ev5 to h lib]ty4 ,x is q an old-fa%ion$ fallacy to suppose t our objection to scepticism is t x removes ! discipl9e f life4 ,our objection to scepticism is t x removes ! motive p[]4 ,mat]ialism is n a ?+ :i* de/roys m]e re/ra9t4 ,mat]ialism itself is ! great re/ra9t4 ,! ,mc,cabe s*ool advocates a political lib]ty1 b x d5ies spiritual lib]ty4 ,t is1 x aboli%es ! laws :i* c\ld be brok51 & sub/itutes laws t _c4 ,& t is ! real slav]y4 ,! tru? is t ! sci5tific civilization 9 :i* ,mr4 ,mc,cabe believes has "o r p>ticul> defect2 x is p]petually t5d+ to de/roy t democracy or p[] ( ! ord9>y man 9 :i* ,mr4 ,mc,cabe also believes4 ,sci5ce means specialism1 & specialism means olig>*y4 ,if y once e/abli% ! habit ( tru/+ p>ticul> m5 to produce p>ticul> results 9 physics or a/ronomy1 y leave ! door op5 = ! equally natural dem& t y %\ld tru/ p>ticul> m5 to d p>ticul> ?+s 9 gov]nm5t & ! co]c+ ( m54 ,if1 y feel x to be reasonable t "o beetle %\ld be ! only /udy ( "o man1 & t "o man ! only /ud5t ( t "o beetle1 x is surely a v h>mless consequ5ce to g on to say t politics %\ld be ! only /udy ( "o man1 & t "o man ! only /ud5t ( politics4 ,z ,i h po9t$ out else:]e 9 ?is book1 ! exp]t is m ari/ocratic ?an ! ari/ocrat1 because ! ari/ocrat is only ! man :o lives well1 :ile ! exp]t is ! man :o kn[s bett]4 ,b if we look at ! progress ( our sci5tific civilization we see a gradual increase ev]y:]e ( ! speciali/ ov] ! popul> function4 ,once m5 sang toge!r r\nd a table 9 *orus2 n[ "o man s+s alone1 = ! absurd reason t he c s+ bett]4 ,if sci5tific civilization goes on 7:i* is mo/ improbable7 only "o man w laugh1 because he c laugh bett] ?an ! re/4 ,i d n "k t ,i c express ?is m %ortly ?an by tak+ z a text ! s+le s5t5ce ( ,mr4 ,mc,cabe1 :i* runs z foll[s3 8,! ballets ( ! ,alhambra & ! fireworks ( ! ,cry/al ,palace & ,mr4 ,*e/]ton's ,daily ,news articles h _! places 9 life40 ,i wi% t my articles _h z noble a place z ei!r ( ! o!r two ?+s m5tion$4 ,b let u ask ourselves 79 a _s ( love1 z ,mr4 ,*adb& w\ld say71 :at are ! ballets ( ! ,alhambra8 ,! ballets ( ! ,alhambra are in/itutions 9 :i* a p>ticul> select$ r[ ( p]sons 9 p9k g ?r\gh an op]ation kn[n z danc+4 ,n[1 9 all commonweal?s dom9at$ by a religion--9 ! ,*ri/ian commonweal?s ( ! ,middle ,ages & 9 _m rude societies--?is habit ( danc+ 0 a common habit ) ev]ybody1 & 0 n necess>ily conf9$ to a pr(essional class4 ,a p]son c\ld dance )\t be+ a danc]2 a p]son c\ld dance )\t be+ a speciali/2 a p]son c\ld dance )\t be+ p9k4 ,&1 9 proportion z ,mr4 ,mc,cabe's sci5tific civilization advances--t is1 9 proportion z religi\s civilization 7or real civilization7 decays--! m & m 8well tra9$10 ! m & m p9k1 become ! p :o d dance1 & ! m & m num]\s become ! p :o don't4 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe may recognize an example ( :at ,i mean 9 ! gradual discr$it+ 9 society ( ! anci5t ,european waltz or dance ) p>tn]s1 & ! sub/itution ( t horrible & degrad+ ori5tal int]lude :i* is kn[n z skirt-danc+4 ,t is ! :ole ess5ce ( decad5ce1 ! effacem5t ( five p :o d a ?+ = fun by "o p]son :o does x = money4 ,n[ x foll[s1 !re=e1 t :5 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe says t ! ballets ( ! ,alhambra & my articles 8h _! place 9 life10 x ought to be po9t$ out to him t he is do+ 8 be/ to create a _w 9 :i* danc+1 prop]ly speak+1 w h no place 9 life at all4 ,he is1 inde$1 try+ to create a _w 9 :i* !re w be no life = danc+ to h a place 94 ,! v fact t ,mr4 ,mc,cabe ?9ks ( danc+ z a ?+ belong+ to "s hir$ wom5 at ! ,alhambra is an illu/ration ( ! same pr9ciple by :i* he is able to ?9k ( religion z a ?+ belong+ to "s hir$ m5 9 :ite neckties4 ,bo? ^! ?+s are ?+s :i* %\ld n be done = u1 b by u4 ,if ,mr4 ,mc,cabe 7 really religi\s he w\ld be happy4 ,if he 7 really happy he w\ld dance4 ,briefly1 we may put ! matt] 9 ?is way4 ,! ma9 po9t ( mod]n life is n t ! ,alhambra ballet has its place 9 life4 ,! ma9 po9t1 ! ma9 enorm\s trag$y ( mod]n life1 is t ,mr4 ,mc,cabe has n 8 place 9 ! ,alhambra ballet4 ,! joy ( *ang+ & graceful po/ure1 ! joy ( suit+ ! sw+ ( music to ! sw+ ( limbs1 ! joy ( :irl+ drap]y1 ! joy ( /&+ on "o leg1--all ^! %\ld belong by rights to ,mr4 ,mc,cabe & to me2 9 %ort1 to ! ord9>y heal?y citiz54 ,probably we %\ld n cons5t to g ?r\gh ^! evolutions4 ,b t is because we are mis]able mod]ns & rationali/s4 ,we d n m]ely love ourselves m ?an we love duty2 we actually love ourselves m ?an we love joy4 ,:51 !re=e1 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe says t he gives ! ,alhambra dances 7& my articles7 _! place 9 life1 ,i ?9k we are ju/ifi$ 9 po9t+ out t by ! v nature ( ! case ( 8 philosophy & ( 8 fav\rite civilization he gives !m a v inadequate place4 ,= 7if ,i may pursue ! too flatt]+ p>allel7 ,mr4 ,mc,cabe ?9ks ( ! ,alhambra & ( my articles z two v odd & absurd ?+s1 :i* "s special p d 7probably = money7 9 ord] to amuse him4 ,b if he _h ev] felt himself ! anci5t1 sublime1 elem5tal1 human in/9ct to dance1 he w\ld h discov]$ t danc+ is n a frivol\s ?+ at all1 b a v s]i\s ?+4 ,he w\ld h discov]$ t x is ! "o grave & *a/e & dec5t me?od ( express+ a c]ta9 class ( emotions4 ,& simil>ly1 if he _h ev] _h1 z ,mr4 ,%aw & ,i h _h1 ! impulse to :at he calls p>adox1 he w\ld h discov]$ t p>adox aga9 is n a frivol\s ?+1 b a v s]i\s ?+4 ,he w\ld h f\nd t p>adox simply means a c]ta9 defiant joy :i* belongs to belief4 ,i %\ld reg>d any civilization :i* 0 )\t a univ]sal habit ( upro>i\s danc+ z be+1 f ! full human po9t ( view1 a defective civilization4 ,& ,i %\ld reg>d any m9d :i* _h n got ! habit 9 "o =m or ano!r ( upro>i\s ?9k+ z be+1 f ! full human po9t ( view1 a defective m9d4 ,x is va9 = ,mr4 ,mc,cabe to say t a ballet is a "p ( him4 ,he %\ld be "p ( a ballet1 or else he is only "p ( a man4 ,x is 9 va9 = him to say t he is 8n qu>rell+ ) ! importation ( hum\r into ! controv]sy40 ,he ought himself to be import+ hum\r into e controv]sy2 = unless a man is 9 "p a humori/1 he is only 9 "p a man4 ,to sum up ! :ole matt] v simply1 if ,mr4 ,mc,cabe asks me :y ,i import frivolity into a discussion ( ! nature ( man1 ,i answ]1 because frivolity is a "p ( ! nature ( man4 ,if he asks me :y ,i introduce :at he calls p>adoxes into a philosophical problem1 ,i answ]1 because all philosophical problems t5d to become p>adoxical4 ,if he objects to my treat+ ( life riot\sly1 ,i reply t life is a riot4 ,& ,i say t ! ,univ]se z ,i see x1 at any rate1 is v mu* m l ! fireworks at ! ,cry/al ,palace ?an x is l 8 own philosophy4 ,ab\t ! :ole cosmos !re is a t5se & secret fe/ivity--l prep>ations = ,guy ,fawkes' day4 ,et]nity is ! eve ( some?+4 ,i nev] look up at ! />s )\t feel+ t !y are ! fires ( a s*oolboy's rocket1 fix$ 9 _! ev]la/+ fall4 ,,xvii4 ,on ! ,wit ( ,:i/l] ,t capable & +5i\s writ]1 ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,symons1 has includ$ 9 a book ( essays rec5tly publi%$1 ,i believe1 an apologia = 8,london ,nights10 9 :i* he says t morality %\ld be :olly subord9at$ to art 9 criticism1 & he uses ! some:at s+ul> argum5t t art or ! wor%ip ( beauty is ! same 9 all ages1 :ile morality diff]s 9 e p]iod & 9 e respect4 ,he appe>s to defy 8 critics or 8 read]s to m5tion any p]man5t feature or quality 9 e?ics4 ,?is is surely a v curi\s example ( t extravagant bias aga9/ morality :i* makes s _m ultra-mod]n ae/hetes z morbid & fanatical z any ,ea/]n h]mit4 ,unque/ionably x is a v common phrase ( mod]n intellectualism to say t ! morality ( "o age c be entirely diff]5t to ! morality ( ano!r4 ,& l a great _m o!r phrases ( mod]n intellectualism1 x means lit]ally no?+ at all4 ,if ! two moralities are entirely diff]5t1 :y d y call !m bo? moralities8 ,x is z if a man said1 8,camels 9 v>i\s places are totally div]se2 "s h six legs1 "s h none1 "s h scales1 "s h fea!rs1 "s h horns1 "s h w+s1 "s are gre51 "s are triangul>4 ,!re is no po9t :i* !y h 9 common40 ,! ord9>y man ( s5se w\ld reply1 8,!n :at makes y call !m all camels8 ,:at d y mean by a camel8 ,h[ d y "k a camel :5 y see "o80 ,( c\rse1 !re is a p]man5t sub/ance ( morality1 z mu* z !re is a p]man5t sub/ance ( art2 to say t is only to say t morality is morality1 & t art is art4 ,an ideal art-critic w\ld1 no d\bt1 see ! endur+ beauty "u e s*ool2 equally an ideal morali/ w\ld see ! endur+ e?ic "u e code4 ,b practically "s ( ! be/ ,engli%m5 t ev] liv$ c\ld see no?+ b fil? & idolatry 9 ! />ry piety ( ! ,brahm94 ,& x is equally true t practically ! greate/ gr\p ( arti/s t ! _w has ev] se51 ! giants ( ! ,r5aissance1 c\ld see no?+ b b>b>ism 9 ! e!real en]gy ( ,go?ic4 ,?is bias aga9/ morality among ! mod]n ae/hetes is no?+ v mu* p>ad$4 ,& yet x is n really a bias aga9/ morality2 x is a bias aga9/ o!r p's morality4 ,x is g5]ally f\nd$ on a v def9ite moral pref]5ce = a c]ta9 sort ( life1 pagan1 plausible1 humane4 ,! mod]n ae/hete1 wi%+ u to believe t he values beauty m ?an conduct1 reads ,mall>me1 & dr9ks abs9! 9 a tav]n4 ,b ?is is n only 8 fav\rite k9d ( beauty2 x is also 8 fav\rite k9d ( conduct4 ,if he really wi%$ u to believe t he c>$ = beauty only1 he ought to g to no?+ b ,wesleyan s*ool treats1 & pa9t ! sunlight 9 ! hair ( ! ,wesleyan babies4 ,he ought to read no?+ b v eloqu5t !ological s]mons by old-fa%ion$ ,presbyt]ian div9es4 ,"h ! lack ( all possible moral sympa?y w\ld prove t 8 int]e/ 0 purely v]bal or pictorial1 z x is2 9 all ! books he reads & writes he cl+s to ! skirts ( 8 own morality & 8 own immorality4 ,! *ampion ( l'art p\r l'art is always d5\nc+ ,rusk9 = 8 moraliz+4 ,if he 7 really a *ampion ( l'art p\r l'art1 he w\ld be always insi/+ on ,rusk9 = 8 /yle4 ,! doctr9e ( ! di/9ction betwe5 art & morality owes a great "p ( its success to art & morality be+ hopelessly mix$ up 9 ! p]sons & p]=mances ( its greate/ expon5ts4 ,( ?is lucky contradiction ! v inc>nation 0 ,:i/l]4 ,no man ev] prea*$ ! imp]sonality ( art s well2 no man ev] prea*$ ! imp]sonality ( art s p]sonally4 ,= him pictures _h no?+ to d ) ! problems ( "*2 b = all 8 fi]ce/ admir]s 8 "* 01 z a matt] ( fact f> m int]e/+ ?an 8 pictures4 ,he glori$ 9 /&+ z an arti/ ap>t f "r & wrong4 ,b he succe$$ by talk+ f morn+ till night ab\t 8 rights & ab\t 8 wrongs4 ,8 tal5ts 7 _m1 8 virtues1 x mu/ be confess$1 n _m1 beyond t k9dness to tri$ fri5ds1 on :i* _m ( 8 biograph]s insi/1 b :i* surely is a quality ( all sane m51 ( pirates & pickpockets2 beyond ?is1 8 out/&+ virtues limit !mselves *iefly to two admirable ones--c\rage & an ab/ract love ( good "w4 ,yet ,i fancy he won at la/ m by ^? two virtues ?an by all 8 tal5ts4 ,a man mu/ be some?+ ( a morali/ if he is to prea*1 ev5 if he is to prea* unmorality4 ,pr(essor ,walt] ,raleigh1 9 8 8,9 ,memoriam3 ,james ,mc,neill ,:i/l]10 insi/s1 truly en\gh1 on ! /rong /reak ( an ecc5tric hone/y 9 matt]s /rictly pictorial1 :i* ran ?r\gh 8 complex & slightly confus$ "*4 8,he w\ld de/roy any ( 8 works r ?an leave a c>eless or inexpressive t\* )9 ! limits ( ! frame4 ,he w\ld beg9 aga9 a hundr$ times ov] r ?an attempt by pat*+ to make 8 "w seem bett] ?an x 040 ,no "o w blame ,pr(essor ,raleigh1 :o _h to read a sort ( fun]al oration ov] ,:i/l] at ! op5+ ( ! ,memorial ,exhibition1 if1 f9d+ himself 9 t position1 he conf9$ himself mo/ly to ! m]its & ! /rong] qualities ( 8 subject4 ,we %\ld naturally g to "s o!r type ( composition = a prop] consid]ation ( ! weaknesses ( ,:i/l]4 ,b ^! mu/ nev] be omitt$ f our view ( him4 ,inde$1 ! tru? is t x 0 n s mu* a "q ( ! weaknesses ( ,:i/l] z ( ! intr9sic & prim>y weakness ( ,:i/l]4 ,he 0 "o ( ^? p :o live up to _! emotional incomes1 :o are always taut & t+l+ ) vanity4 ,h5ce he _h no /r5g? to sp>e2 h5ce he _h no k9dness1 no g5iality2 = g5iality is almo/ def9able z /r5g? to sp>e4 ,he _h no god-l c>elessness2 he nev] =got himself2 8 :ole life 01 to use 8 own expression1 an arrangem5t4 ,he w5t 9 = 8! art ( liv+0--a mis]able trick4 ,9 a ^w1 he 0 a great arti/2 b emphatically n a great man4 ,9 ?is connection ,i mu/ diff] /rongly ) ,pr(essor ,raleigh ^u :at is1 f a sup]ficial lit]>y po9t ( view1 "o ( 8 mo/ effective po9ts4 ,he comp>es ,:i/l]'s laught] to ! laught] ( ano!r man :o 0 a great man z well z a great arti/4 8,8 attitude to ! public 0 exactly ! attitude tak5 up by ,rob]t ,br[n+1 :o suff]$ z long a p]iod ( neglect & mi/ake1 9 ^? l9es ( #8,! ,r+ & ! ,book'-- 8#8,well1 ,briti% ,public1 ye :o l me n1 7,god love y67 & w h y\r prop] laugh ,at ! d>k "q2 laugh x6 ,i'd laugh fir/4' 8,mr4 ,:i/l]10 adds ,pr(essor ,raleigh1 8always laugh$ fir/40 ,! tru? is1 ,i believe1 t ,:i/l] nev] laugh$ at all4 ,!re 0 no laught] 9 8 nature2 because !re 0 no ?\ghtlessness & self-ab&onm5t1 no humility4 ,i _c und]/& anybody read+ 8,! ,g5tle ,art ( ,mak+ ,enemies0 & ?9k+ t !re is any laught] 9 ! wit4 ,8 wit is a torture to him4 ,he twi/s himself into arabesques ( v]bal felicity2 he is full ( a fi]ce c>efulness2 he is inspir$ ) ! complete s]i\sness ( s9c]e malice4 ,he hurts himself to hurt 8 oppon5t4 ,br[n+ did laugh1 because ,br[n+ did n c>e2 ,br[n+ did n c>e1 because ,br[n+ 0 a great man4 ,& :5 ,br[n+ said 9 brackets to ! simple1 s5sible p :o did n l 8 books1 8,god love y60 he 0 n sne]+ 9 ! lea/4 ,he 0 laugh+--t is to say1 he meant exactly :at he said4 ,!re are ?ree di/9ct classes ( great satiri/s :o are also great m5--t is to say1 ?ree classes ( m5 :o c laugh at some?+ )\t los+ _! s\ls4 ,! satiri/ ( ! fir/ type is ! man :o1 fir/ ( all enjoys himself1 & !n enjoys 8 enemies4 ,9 ?is s5se he loves 8 enemy1 & by a k9d ( exagg]ation ( ,*ri/ianity he loves 8 enemy ! m ! m he becomes an enemy4 ,he has a sort ( ov]:elm+ & aggressive happ9ess 9 8 ass]tion ( ang]2 8 curse is z human z a b5$iction4 ,( ?is type ( satire ! great example is ,rabelais4 ,?is is ! fir/ typical example ( satire1 ! satire :i* is voluble1 :i* is viol5t1 :i* is indec5t1 b :i* is n malici\s4 ,! satire ( ,:i/l] 0 n ?is4 ,he 0 nev] 9 any ( 8 controv]sies simply happy2 ! pro( ( x is t he nev] talk$ absolute nons5se4 ,!re is a second type ( m9d :i* produces satire ) ! quality ( greatness4 ,t is embodi$ 9 ! satiri/ ^: passions are releas$ & let g by "s intol]able s5se ( wrong4 ,he is madd5$ by ! s5se ( m5 be+ madd5$2 8 tongue becomes an unruly memb]1 & te/ifies aga9/ all mank9d4 ,su* a man 0 ,swift1 9 :om ! saeva indignatio 0 a bitt]ness to o!rs1 because x 0 a bitt]ness to himself4 ,su* a satiri/ ,:i/l] 0 n4 ,he did n laugh because he 0 happy1 l ,rabelais4 ,b nei!r did he laugh because he 0 unhappy1 l ,swift4 ,! ?ird type ( great satire is t 9 :i* he satiri/ is enabl$ to rise sup]ior to 8 victim 9 ! only s]i\s s5se :i* sup]iority c be>1 9 t ( pity+ ! s9n] & respect+ ! man ev5 :ile he satirises bo?4 ,su* an a*ievem5t c be f\nd 9 a ?+ l ,pope's 8,atticus0 a poem 9 :i* ! satiri/ feels t he is satiris+ ! weaknesses :i* belong specially to lit]>y g5ius4 ,consequ5tly he takes a pleasure 9 po9t+ out 8 enemy's /r5g? be=e he po9ts out 8 weakness4 ,t is1 p]haps1 ! highe/ & mo/ hon\rable =m ( satire4 ,t is n ! satire ( ,:i/l]4 ,he is n full ( a great sorr[ = ! wrong done to human nature2 = him ! wrong is altoge!r done to himself4 ,he 0 n a great p]sonality1 because he ?\ght s mu* ab\t himself4 ,& ! case is /rong] ev5 ?an t4 ,he 0 sometimes n ev5 a great arti/1 because he ?\ght s mu* ab\t art4 ,any man ) a vital k ( ! human psy*ology ought to h ! mo/ pr(\nd suspicion ( anybody :o claims to be an arti/1 & talks a great deal ab\t art4 ,art is a "r & human ?+1 l walk+ or say+ "o's pray]s2 b ! mom5t x beg9s to be talk$ ab\t v solemnly1 a man may be fairly c]ta9 t ! ?+ has come into a conge/ion & a k9d ( difficulty4 ,! arti/ic temp]am5t is a disease t afflicts amateurs4 ,x is a disease :i* arises f m5 n hav+ suffici5t p[] ( expression to utt] & get rid ( ! elem5t ( art 9 _! be+4 ,x is heal?ful to e sane man to utt] ! art )9 him2 x is ess5tial to e sane man to get rid ( ! art )9 him at all co/s4 ,arti/s ( a l>ge & :olesome vitality get rid ( _! art easily1 z !y brea! easily1 or p]spire easily4 ,b 9 arti/s ( less =ce1 ! ?+ becomes a pressure1 & produces a def9ite pa91 :i* is call$ ! arti/ic temp]am5t4 ,?us1 v great arti/s are able to be ord9>y m5--m5 l ,%akespe>e or ,br[n+4 ,!re are _m real trag$ies ( ! arti/ic temp]am5t1 trag$ies ( vanity or viol5ce or fe>4 ,b ! great trag$y ( ! arti/ic temp]am5t is t x _c produce any art4 ,:i/l] c\ld produce art2 & 9 s f> he 0 a great man4 ,b he c\ld n =get art2 & 9 s f> he 0 only a man ) ! arti/ic temp]am5t4 ,!re c be no /rong] manife/ation ( ! man :o is a really great arti/ ?an ! fact t he c dismiss ! subject ( art2 t he c1 ^u due occasion1 wi% art at ! bottom ( ! sea4 ,simil>ly1 we %\ld always be mu* m incl9$ to tru/ a solicitor :o did n talk ab\t conveyanc+ ov] ! nuts & w9e4 ,:at we really desire ( any man conduct+ any bus9ess is t ! full =ce ( an ord9>y man %\ld be put into t p>ticul> /udy4 ,we d n desire t ! full =ce ( t /udy %\ld be put into an ord9>y man4 ,we d n 9 ! lea/ wi% t our p>ticul> law-suit %\ld p\r its en]gy into our b>ri/]'s games ) 8 *ildr51 or rides on 8 bicycle1 or m$itations on ! morn+ />4 ,b we d1 z a matt] ( fact1 desire t 8 games ) 8 *ildr51 & 8 rides on 8 bicycle1 & 8 m$itations on ! morn+ /> %\ld p\r some?+ ( _! en]gy into our law-suit4 ,we d desire t if he has ga9$ any especial lung developm5t f ! bicycle1 or any bright & pleas+ metaphors f ! morn+ />1 t ! %\ld be plac$ at our disposal 9 t p>ticul> =5sic controv]sy4 ,9 a ^w1 we are v glad t he is an ord9>y man1 s9ce t may help him to be an exceptional lawy]4 ,:i/l] nev] ceas$ to be an arti/4 ,z ,mr4 ,max ,be]bohm po9t$ out 9 "o ( 8 extraord9>ily s5sible & s9c]e critiques1 ,:i/l] really reg>d$ ,:i/l] z 8 greate/ "w ( art4 ,! :ite lock1 ! s+le eyeglass1 ! rem>kable hat--^! 7 mu* de>] to him ?an any nocturnes or arrangem5ts t he ev] ?rew (f4 ,he c\ld ?r[ (f ! nocturnes2 = "s my/]i\s reason he c\ld n ?r[ (f ! hat4 ,he nev] ?rew (f f himself t disproportionate accumulation ( ae/heticism :i* is ! burd5 ( ! amateur4 ,x ne$ h>dly be said t ?is is ! real explanation ( ! ?+ :i* has puzzl$ s _m dilettante critics1 ! problem ( ! extreme ord9>9ess ( ! behavi\r ( s _m great g5iuses 9 hi/ory4 ,_! behavi\r 0 s ord9>y t x 0 n record$2 h5ce x 0 s ord9>y t x seem$ my/]i\s4 ,h5ce p say t ,bacon wrote ,%akespe>e4 ,! mod]n arti/ic temp]am5t _c und]/& h[ a man :o c\ld write su* lyrics z ,%akespe>e wrote1 c\ld be z ke5 z ,%akespe>e 0 on bus9ess transactions 9 a little t[n 9 ,w>wick%ire4 ,! explanation is simple en\gh2 x is t ,%akespe>e _h a real lyrical impulse1 wrote a real lyric1 & s got rid ( ! impulse & w5t ab\t 8 bus9ess4 ,be+ an arti/ did n prev5t him f be+ an ord9>y man1 any m ?an be+ a sleep] at night or be+ a d9] at d9n] prev5t$ him f be+ an ord9>y man4 ,all v great tea*]s & lead]s h _h ?is habit ( assum+ _! po9t ( view to be "o :i* 0 human & casual1 "o :i* w\ld readily appeal to e pass+ man4 ,if a man is g5u9ely sup]ior to 8 fell[s ! fir/ ?+ t he believes 9 is ! equality ( man4 ,we c see ?is1 = in/ance1 9 t /range & innoc5t rationality ) :i* ,*ri/ address$ any motley cr[d t happ5$ to /& ab\t ,him4 8,:at man ( y hav+ a hundr$ %eep1 & los+ "o1 w\ld n leave ! n9ety & n9e 9 ! wild]ness1 & g aft] t :i* 0 lo/80 ,or1 aga91 8,:at man ( y if 8 son ask = bread w he give him a /one1 or if he ask = a fi% w he give him a s]p5t80 ,?is pla9ness1 ?is almo/ prosaic cam>ad]ie1 is ! note ( all v great m9ds4 ,to v great m9ds ! ?+s on :i* m5 agree are s immeasurably m important ?an ! ?+s on :i* !y diff]1 t ! latt]1 = all practical purposes1 disappe>4 ,!y h too mu* 9 !m ( an anci5t laught] ev5 to endure to discuss ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! hats ( two m5 :o 7 bo? born ( a woman1 or betwe5 ! subtly v>i$ cultures ( two m5 :o h bo? to die4 ,! fir/-rate great man is equal ) o!r m51 l ,%akespe>e4 ,! second-rate great man is on 8 knees to o!r m51 l ,:itman4 ,! ?ird-rate great man is sup]ior to o!r m51 l ,:i/l]4 ,,xviii4 ,! ,fallacy ( ! ,"y ,nation ,to say t a man is an ideali/ is m]ely to say t he is a man2 b1 nev]!less1 x might be possible to effect "s valid di/9ction betwe5 "o k9d ( ideali/ & ano!r4 ,"o possible di/9ction1 = in/ance1 c\ld be effect$ by say+ t humanity is divid$ into consci\s ideali/s & unconsci\s ideali/s4 ,9 a simil> way1 humanity is divid$ into consci\s rituali/s & unconsci\s rituali/s4 ,! curi\s ?+ is1 9 t example z 9 o!rs1 t x is ! consci\s ritualism :i* is comp>atively simple1 ! unconsci\s ritual :i* is really heavy & complicat$4 ,! ritual :i* is comp>atively rude & /raight=w>d is ! ritual :i* p call 8rituali/ic40 ,x consi/s ( pla9 ?+s l bread & w9e & fire1 & m5 fall+ on _! faces4 ,b ! ritual :i* is really complex1 & _m col\r$1 & elaborate1 & ne$lessly =mal1 is ! ritual :i* p enact )\t kn[+ x4 ,x consi/s n ( pla9 ?+s l w9e & fire1 b ( really peculi>1 & local1 & exceptional1 & +5i\s ?+s--?+s l door-mats1 & door-knock]s1 & electric bells1 & silk hats1 & :ite ties1 & %9y c>ds1 & confetti4 ,! tru? is t ! mod]n man sc>cely ev] gets back to v old & simple ?+s except :5 he is p]=m+ "s religi\s mumm]y4 ,! mod]n man c h>dly get away f ritual except by ent]+ a rituali/ic *ur*4 ,9 ! case ( ^! old & my/ical =malities we c at lea/ say t ! ritual is n m]e ritual2 t ! symbols employ$ are 9 mo/ cases symbols :i* belong to a prim>y human poetry4 ,! mo/ f]oci\s oppon5t ( ! ,*ri/ian c]emonials mu/ admit t if ,ca?olicism _h n in/itut$ ! bread & w9e1 somebody else w\ld mo/ probably h done s4 ,any "o ) a poetical in/9ct w admit t to ! ord9>y human in/9ct bread symbolizes some?+ :i* _c v easily be symboliz$ o!rwise2 t w9e1 to ! ord9>y human in/9ct1 symbolizes some?+ :i* _c v easily be symboliz$ o!rwise4 ,b :ite ties 9 ! ev5+ are ritual1 & no?+ else b ritual4 ,no "o w\ld pret5d t :ite ties 9 ! ev5+ are prim>y & poetical4 ,nobody w\ld ma9ta9 t ! ord9>y human in/9ct w\ld 9 any age or c\ntry t5d to symbolize ! idea ( ev5+ by a :ite necktie4 ,r1 ! ord9>y human in/9ct w\ld1 ,i imag9e1 t5d to symbolize ev5+ by cravats ) "s ( ! col\rs ( ! sunset1 n :ite neckties1 b tawny or crimson neckties--neckties ( purple or olive1 or "s d>k5$ gold4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,a4 ,k5sit1 = example1 is "u ! impression t he is n a rituali/4 ,b ! daily life ( ,mr4 ,j4 ,a4 ,k5sit1 l t ( any ord9>y mod]n man1 is1 z a matt] ( fact1 "o cont9ual & compress$ catalogue ( my/ical mumm]y & flumm]y4 ,to take "o in/ance out ( an inevitable hundr$3 ,i imag9e t ,mr4 ,k5sit takes (f 8 hat to a lady2 & :at c be m solemn & absurd1 consid]$ 9 ! ab/ract1 ?an1 symboliz+ ! exi/5ce ( ! o!r sex by tak+ (f a portion ( y\r clo?+ & wav+ x 9 ! air8 ,?is1 ,i repeat1 is n a natural & primitive symbol1 l fire or food4 ,a man might j z well h to take (f 8 wai/coat to a lady2 & if a man1 by ! social ritual ( 8 civilization1 _h to take (f 8 wai/coat to a lady1 e *ivalr\s & s5sible man w\ld take (f 8 wai/coat to a lady4 ,9 %ort1 ,mr4 ,k5sit1 & ^? :o agree ) him1 may ?9k1 & q s9c]ely ?9k1 t m5 give too mu* inc5se & c]emonial to _! adoration ( ! o!r _w4 ,b nobody ?9ks t he c give too mu* inc5se & c]emonial to ! adoration ( ?is _w4 ,all m51 !n1 are rituali/s1 b are ei!r consci\s or unconsci\s rituali/s4 ,! consci\s rituali/s are g5]ally satisfi$ ) a few v simple & elem5t>y signs2 ! unconsci\s rituali/s are n satisfi$ ) any?+ %ort ( ! :ole ( human life1 be+ almo/ insanely rituali/ic4 ,! fir/ is call$ a rituali/ because he inv5ts & rememb]s "o rite2 ! o!r is call$ an anti-rituali/ because he obeys & =gets a ?\s&4 ,& a some:at simil> di/9ction to ?is :i* ,i h drawn ) "s unavoidable l5g?1 betwe5 ! consci\s rituali/ & ! unconsci\s rituali/1 exi/s betwe5 ! consci\s ideali/ & ! unconsci\s ideali/4 ,x is idle to inveigh aga9/ cynics & mat]iali/s--!re are no cynics1 !re are no mat]iali/s4 ,e man is ideali/ic2 only x s (t5 happ5s t he has ! wrong ideal4 ,e man is incurably s5tim5tal2 b1 un=tunately1 x is s (t5 a false s5tim5t4 ,:5 we talk1 = in/ance1 ( "s unscrupul\s comm]cial figure1 & say t he w\ld d any?+ = money1 we use q an inaccurate expression1 & we sl&] him v mu*4 ,he w\ld n d any?+ = money4 ,he w\ld d "s ?+s = money2 he w\ld sell 8 s\l = money1 = in/ance2 &1 z ,mirabeau humor\sly said1 he w\ld be q wise 8to take money = muck40 ,he w\ld oppress humanity = money2 b !n x happ5s t humanity & ! s\l are n ?+s t he believes 92 !y are n 8 ideals4 ,b he has 8 own dim & delicate ideals2 & he w\ld n violate ^! = money4 ,he w\ld n dr9k out ( ! s\p-ture51 = money4 ,he w\ld n we> 8 coat-tails 9 front1 = money4 ,he w\ld n spread a report t he _h s(t5+ ( ! bra91 = money4 ,9 ! actual practice ( life we f9d1 9 ! matt] ( ideals1 exactly :at we h already f\nd 9 ! matt] ( ritual4 ,we f9d t :ile !re is a p]fectly g5u9e dang] ( fanaticism f ! m5 :o h unworldly ideals1 ! p]man5t & urg5t dang] ( fanaticism is f ! m5 :o h worldly ideals4 ,p :o say t an ideal is a dang]\s ?+1 t x deludes & intoxicates1 are p]fectly "r4 ,b ! ideal :i* intoxicates mo/ is ! lea/ ideali/ic k9d ( ideal4 ,! ideal :i* intoxicates lea/ is ! v ideal ideal2 t sob]s u sudd5ly1 z all heights & precipices & great di/ances d4 ,grant$ t x is a great evil to mi/ake a cl\d = a cape2 /ill1 ! cl\d1 :i* c be mo/ easily mi/ak5 = a cape1 is ! cl\d t is ne>e/ ! e>?4 ,simil>ly1 we may grant t x may be dang]\s to mi/ake an ideal = some?+ practical4 ,b we %all /ill po9t out t1 9 ?is respect1 ! mo/ dang]\s ideal ( all is ! ideal :i* looks a little practical4 ,x is difficult to atta9 a high ideal2 consequ5tly1 x is almo/ impossible to p]suade ourselves t we h atta9$ x4 ,b x is easy to atta9 a l[ ideal2 consequ5tly1 x is easi] /ill to p]suade ourselves t we h atta9$ x :5 we h done no?+ ( ! k9d4 ,to take a r&om example4 ,x might be call$ a high ambition to wi% to be an ar*angel2 ! man :o ent]ta9$ su* an ideal w\ld v possibly exhibit asceticism1 or ev5 fr5zy1 b n1 ,i ?9k1 delusion4 ,he w\ld n ?9k he 0 an ar*angel1 & g ab\t flapp+ 8 h&s "u ! impression t !y 7 w+s4 ,b suppose t a sane man _h a l[ ideal2 suppose he wi%$ to be a g5tleman4 ,any "o :o kn[s ! _w kn[s t 9 n9e weeks he w\ld h p]suad$ himself t he 0 a g5tleman2 & ?is be+ manife/ly n ! case1 ! result w be v real & practical dislocations & calamities 9 social life4 ,x is n ! wild ideals :i* wreck ! practical _w2 x is ! tame ideals4 ,! matt] may1 p]haps1 be illu/rat$ by a p>allel f our mod]n politics4 ,:5 m5 tell u t ! old ,lib]al politicians ( ! type ( ,glad/one c>$ only = ideals1 ( c\rse1 !y are talk+ nons5se--!y c>$ = a great _m o!r ?+s1 includ+ votes4 ,& :5 m5 tell u t mod]n politicians ( ! type ( ,mr4 ,*amb]la9 or1 9 ano!r way1 ,"l ,roseb]y1 c>e only = votes or = mat]ial int]e/1 !n aga9 !y are talk+ nons5se--^! m5 c>e = ideals l all o!r m54 ,b ! real di/9ction :i* may be drawn is ?is1 t to ! old] politician ! ideal 0 an ideal1 & no?+ else4 ,to ! new politician 8 dream is n only a good dream1 x is a reality4 ,! old politician w\ld h said1 8,x w\ld be a good ?+ if !re 7 a ,republican ,f$]ation dom9at+ ! _w40 ,b ! mod]n politician does n say1 8,x w\ld be a good ?+ if !re 7 a ,briti% ,imp]ialism dom9at+ ! _w40 ,he says1 8,x is a good ?+ t !re is a ,briti% ,imp]ialism dom9at+ ! _w20 :]eas cle>ly !re is no?+ ( ! k9d4 ,! old ,lib]al w\ld say 8,!re ought to be a good ,iri% gov]nm5t 9 ,irel&40 ,b ! ord9>y mod]n ,unioni/ does n say1 8,!re ought to be a good ,engli% gov]nm5t 9 ,irel&40 ,he says1 8,!re is a good ,engli% gov]nm5t 9 ,irel&20 :i* is absurd4 ,9 %ort1 ! mod]n politicians seem to ?9k t a man becomes practical m]ely by mak+ ass]tions entirely ab\t practical ?+s4 ,app>5tly1 a delusion does n matt] z long z x is a mat]iali/ic delusion4 ,in/9ctively mo/ ( u feel t1 z a practical matt]1 ev5 ! contr>y is true4 ,i c]ta9ly w\ld mu* r %>e my ap>tm5ts ) a g5tleman :o ?\ght he 0 ,god ?an ) a g5tleman :o ?\ght he 0 a gras%opp]4 ,to be cont9ually haunt$ by practical images & practical problems1 to be con/antly ?9k+ ( ?+s z actual1 z urg5t1 z 9 process ( completion--^! ?+s d n prove a man to be practical2 ^! ?+s1 inde$1 are among ! mo/ ord9>y signs ( a lunatic4 ,t our mod]n /atesm5 are mat]iali/ic is no?+ aga9/ _! be+ also morbid4 ,see+ angels 9 a vision may make a man a sup]naturali/ to excess4 ,b m]ely see+ snakes 9 delirium trem5s does n make him a naturali/4 ,& :5 we come actually to exam9e ! ma9 /ock notions ( our mod]n practical politicians1 we f9d t ^? ma9 /ock notions are ma9ly delusions4 ,a great _m in/ances might be giv5 ( ! fact4 ,we might take1 = example1 ! case ( t /range class ( notions :i* und]lie ! ^w 8union10 & all ! eulogies heap$ ^u x4 ,( c\rse1 union is no m a good ?+ 9 itself ?an sep>ation is a good ?+ 9 itself4 ,to h a p>ty 9 fav\r ( union & a p>ty 9 fav\r ( sep>ation is z absurd z to h a p>ty 9 fav\r ( go+ up/airs & a p>ty 9 fav\r ( go+ d[n/airs4 ,! "q is n :e!r we g up or d[n /airs1 b :]e we are go+ to1 & :at we are go+1 =8 ,union is /r5g?2 union is also weakness4 ,x is a good ?+ to h>ness two horses to a c>t2 b x is n a good ?+ to try & turn two hansom cabs into "o f\r-:eel]4 ,turn+ t5 nations into "o empire may happ5 to be z feasible z turn+ t5 %ill+s into "o half-sov]eign4 ,also x may happ5 to be z prepo/]\s z turn+ t5 t]ri]s into "o ma/iff4 ,! "q 9 all cases is n a "q ( union or abs5ce ( union1 b ( id5tity or abs5ce ( id5tity4 ,ow+ to c]ta9 hi/orical & moral causes1 two nations may be s unit$ z ^u ! :ole to help ea* o!r4 ,?us ,engl& & ,scotl& pass _! "t 9 pay+ ea* o!r complim5ts2 b _! en]gies & atmosph]es run di/9ct & p>allel1 & consequ5tly d n cla%4 ,scotl& cont9ues to be educat$ & ,calv9i/ic2 ,engl& cont9ues to be un$ucat$ & happy4 ,b ow+ to c]ta9 o!r ,moral & c]ta9 o!r political causes1 two nations may be s unit$ z only to hamp] ea* o!r2 _! l9es d cla% & d n run p>allel4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ,engl& & ,irel& are s unit$ t ! ,iri% c sometimes rule ,engl&1 b c nev] rule ,irel&4 ,! educational sy/ems1 includ+ ! la/ ,education ,act1 are "h1 z 9 ! case ( ,scotl&1 a v good te/ ( ! matt]4 ,! ov]:elm+ majority ( ,iri%m5 believe 9 a /rict ,ca?olicism2 ! ov]:elm+ majority ( ,engli%m5 believe 9 a vague ,prote/antism4 ,! ,iri% p>ty 9 ! ,p>liam5t ( ,union is j l>ge en\gh to prev5t ! ,engli% education be+ indef9itely ,prote/ant1 & j small en\gh to prev5t ! ,iri% education be+ def9itely ,ca?olic4 ,"h we h a /ate ( ?+s :i* no man 9 8 s5ses w\ld ev] dream ( wi%+ to cont9ue if he _h n be5 bewit*$ by ! s5tim5talism ( ! m]e ^w 8union40 ,?is example ( union1 h[ev]1 is n ! example :i* ,i propose to take ( ! +ra9$ futility & deception und]ly+ all ! assumptions ( ! mod]n practical politician4 ,i wi% to speak especially ( ano!r & mu* m g5]al delusion4 ,x p]vades ! m9ds & spee*es ( all ! practical m5 ( all p>ties2 & x is a *ildi% blund] built ^u a s+le false metaphor4 ,i ref] to ! univ]sal mod]n talk ab\t "y nations & new nations2 ab\t ,am]ica be+ "y1 ab\t ,new ,zeal& be+ new4 ,! :ole ?+ is a trick ( words4 ,am]ica is n "y1 ,new ,zeal& is n new4 ,x is a v discussable "q :e!r !y are n bo? mu* old] ?an ,engl& or ,irel&4 ,( c\rse we may use ! metaphor ( y\? ab\t ,am]ica or ! colonies1 if we use x /rictly z imply+ only a rec5t orig94 ,b if we use x 7z we d use x7 z imply+ vig\r1 or vivacity1 or crudity1 or inexp]i5ce1 or hope1 or a long life be=e !m or any ( ! romantic attributes ( y\?1 !n x is surely z cle> z daylight t we are dup$ by a /ale figure ( spee*4 ,we c easily see ! matt] cle>ly by apply+ x to any o!r in/itution p>allel to ! in/itution ( an indep5d5t nationality4 ,if a club call$ 8,! ,milk & ,soda ,league0 7let u say7 0 set up ye/]day1 z ,i h no d\bt x 01 !n1 ( c\rse1 8,! ,milk & ,soda ,league0 is a "y club 9 ! s5se t x 0 set up ye/]day1 b 9 no o!r s5se4 ,x may consi/ entirely ( moribund old g5tlem54 ,x may be moribund itself4 ,we may call x a "y club1 9 ! light ( ! fact t x 0 f\nd$ ye/]day4 ,we may also call x a v old club 9 ! light ( ! fact t x w mo/ probably g bankrupt to-morr[4 ,all ?is appe>s v obvi\s :5 we put x 9 ?is =m4 ,any "o :o adopt$ ! "y-community delusion ) reg>d to a bank or a but*]'s %op w\ld be s5t to an asylum4 ,b ! :ole mod]n political notion t ,am]ica & ! colonies mu/ be v vigor\s because !y are v new1 re/s ^u no bett] f\ndation4 ,t ,am]ica 0 f\nd$ long aft] ,engl& does n make x ev5 9 ! fa9te/ degree m probable t ,am]ica w n p]i% a long "t be=e ,engl&4 ,t ,engl& exi/$ be=e h] colonies does n make x any ! less likely t %e w exi/ aft] h] colonies4 ,& :5 we look at ! actual hi/ory ( ! _w1 we f9d t great ,european nations almo/ inv>iably h surviv$ ! vitality ( _! colonies4 ,:5 we look at ! actual hi/ory ( ! _w1 we f9d1 t if !re is a ?+ t is born old & dies "y1 x is a colony4 ,! ,greek colonies w5t to pieces long be=e ! ,greek civilization4 ,! ,spani% colonies h gone to pieces long be=e ! nation ( ,spa9--nor does !re seem to be any reason to d\bt ! possibility or ev5 ! probability ( ! conclusion t ! colonial civilization1 :i* owes its orig9 to ,engl&1 w be mu* brief] & mu* less vigor\s ?an ! civilization ( ,engl& itself4 ,! ,engli% nation w /ill be go+ ! way ( all ,european nations :5 ! ,anglo-,saxon race has gone ! way ( all fads4 ,n[1 ( c\rse1 ! int]e/+ "q is1 h we1 9 ! case ( ,am]ica & ! colonies1 any real evid5ce ( a moral & intellectual y\? z oppos$ to ! indisputable triviality ( a m]ely *ronological y\?8 ,consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 we "k t we h no su* evid5ce1 & consci\sly or unconsci\sly1 !re=e1 we proce$ to make x up4 ,( ?is pure & placid inv5tion1 a good example1 = in/ance1 c be f\nd 9 a rec5t poem ( ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+'s4 ,speak+ ( ! ,engli% p & ! ,s\? ,african ,w> ,mr4 ,kipl+ says t 8we fawn$ on ! y\ng] nations = ! m5 t c\ld %oot & ride40 ,"s p consid]$ ?is s5t5ce insult+4 ,all t ,i am conc]n$ ) at pres5t is ! evid5t fact t x is n true4 ,! colonies provid$ v useful volunte] troops1 b !y did n provide ! be/ troops1 nor a*ieve ! mo/ successful exploits4 ,! be/ "w 9 ! w> on ! ,engli% side 0 done1 z might h be5 expect$1 by ! be/ ,engli% regim5ts4 ,! m5 :o c\ld %oot & ride 7 n ! en?usia/ic corn m]*ants f ,melb\rne1 any m ?an !y 7 ! en?usia/ic cl]ks f ,*eapside4 ,! m5 :o c\ld %oot & ride 7 ! m5 :o _h be5 taught to %oot & ride 9 ! discipl9e ( ! /&+ army ( a great ,european p[]4 ,( c\rse1 ! colonials are z brave & a?letic z any o!r av]age :ite m54 ,( c\rse1 !y acquitt$ !mselves ) reasonable cr$it4 ,all ,i h "h to indicate is t1 = ! purposes ( ?is !ory ( ! new nation1 x is necess>y to ma9ta9 t ! colonial =ces 7 m useful or m h]oic ?an ! gunn]s at ,col5so or ! ,fight+ ,fif?4 ,& ( ?is cont5tion !re is n1 & nev] has be51 "o /ick or /raw ( evid5ce4 ,a simil> attempt is made1 & ) ev5 less success1 to repres5t ! lit]ature ( ! colonies z some?+ fre% & vigor\s & important4 ,! imp]iali/ magaz9es are con/antly spr++ ^u u "s g5ius f ,que5sl& or ,canada1 ?r\gh :om we are expect$ to smell ! od\rs ( ! bu% or ! prairie4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 any "o :o is ev5 slightly int]e/$ 9 lit]ature z su* 7& ,i1 = "o1 confess t ,i am only slightly int]e/$ 9 lit]ature z su*71 w freely admit t ! /ories ( ^! g5iuses smell ( no?+ b pr9t]'s ink1 & t n ( fir/-rate quality4 ,by a great ef=t ( ,imp]ial imag9ation ! g5]\s ,engli% p reads into ^! works a =ce & a novelty4 ,b ! =ce & ! novelty are n 9 ! new writ]s2 ! =ce & ! novelty are 9 ! anci5t he>t ( ! ,engli%4 ,anybody :o /udies !m imp>tially w "k t ! fir/-rate writ]s ( ! colonies are n ev5 p>ticul>ly novel 9 _! note & atmosph]e1 are n only n produc+ a new k9d ( good lit]ature1 b are n ev5 9 any p>ticul> s5se produc+ a new k9d ( bad lit]ature4 ,! fir/-rate writ]s ( ! new c\ntries are really almo/ exactly l ! second-rate writ]s ( ! old c\ntries4 ,( c\rse !y d feel ! my/]y ( ! wild]ness1 ! my/]y ( ! bu%1 = all simple & hone/ m5 feel ?is 9 ,melb\rne1 or ,m>gate1 or ,s\? ,/4 ,pancras4 ,b :5 !y write mo/ s9c]ely & mo/ successfully1 x is n ) a backgr\nd ( ! my/]y ( ! bu%1 b ) a backgr\nd1 express$ or assum$1 ( our own romantic cockney civilization4 ,:at really moves _! s\ls ) a k9dly t]ror is n ! my/]y ( ! wild]ness1 b ! ,my/]y ( a ,hansom ,cab4 ,( c\rse !re are "s exceptions to ?is g5]alization4 ,! "o really arre/+ exception is ,olive ,s*re9]1 & %e is q z c]ta9ly an exception t proves ! rule4 ,olive ,s*re9] is a fi]ce1 brilliant1 & reali/ic noveli/2 b %e is all ?is precisely because %e is n ,engli% at all4 ,h] tribal k9%ip is ) ! c\ntry ( ,t5i]s & ,ma>t5 ,ma>t5s--t is1 ) a c\ntry ( reali/s4 ,h] lit]>y k9%ip is ) ! pessimi/ic fiction ( ! cont95t2 ) ! noveli/s ^: v pity is cruel4 ,olive ,s*re9] is ! "o ,engli% colonial :o is n conv5tional1 = ! simple reason t ,s\? ,africa is ! "o ,engli% colony :i* is n ,engli%1 & probably nev] w be4 ,&1 ( c\rse1 !re are individual exceptions 9 a m9or way4 ,i rememb] 9 p>ticul> "s ,au/ralian tales by ,mr4 ,mc,ilwain :i* 7 really able & effective1 & :i*1 = t reason1 ,i suppose1 are n pres5t$ to ! public ) bla/s ( a trumpet4 ,b my g5]al cont5tion if put be=e any "o ) a love ( lett]s1 w n be disput$ if x is und]/ood4 ,x is n ! tru? t ! colonial civilization z a :ole is giv+ u1 or %[s any signs ( giv+ u1 a lit]ature :i* w />tle & r5ovate our own4 ,x may be a v good ?+ = u to h an affectionate illusion 9 ! matt]2 t is q ano!r affair4 ,! colonies may h giv5 ,engl& a new emotion2 ,i only say t !y h n giv5 ! _w a new book4 ,t\*+ ^! ,engli% colonies1 ,i d n wi% to be misund]/ood4 ,i d n say ( !m or ( ,am]ica t !y h n a future1 or t !y w n be great nations4 ,i m]ely d5y ! :ole e/abli%$ mod]n expression ab\t !m4 ,i d5y t !y are 8de/9$0 to a future4 ,i d5y t !y are 8de/9$0 to be great nations4 ,i d5y 7( c\rse7 t any human ?+ is de/9$ to be any?+4 ,all ! absurd physical metaphors1 su* z y\? & age1 liv+ & dy+1 are1 :5 appli$ to nations1 b pseudo-sci5tific attempts to conceal f m5 ! awful lib]ty ( _! lonely s\ls4 ,9 ! case ( ,am]ica1 inde$1 a w>n+ to ?is effect is in/ant & ess5tial4 ,am]ica1 ( c\rse1 l e o!r human ?+1 c 9 spiritual s5se live or die z mu* z x *ooses4 ,b at ! pres5t mom5t ! matt] :i* ,am]ica has v s]i\sly to consid] is n h[ ne> x is to its bir? & beg9n+1 b h[ ne> x may be to its end4 ,x is only a v]bal "q :e!r ! ,am]ican civilization is "y2 x may become a v practical & urg5t "q :e!r x is dy+4 ,:5 once we h ca/ aside1 z we inevitably h aft] a mom5t's ?\ght1 ! fanciful physical metaphor involv$ 9 ! ^w 8y\?10 :at s]i\s evid5ce h we t ,am]ica is a fre% =ce & n a /ale "o8 ,x has a great _m p1 l ,*9a2 x has a great deal ( money1 l defeat$ ,c>?age or dy+ ,v5ice4 ,x is full ( bu/le & excitability1 l ,a!ns aft] its ru91 & all ! ,greek cities 9 _! decl9e4 ,x is fond ( new ?+s2 b ! old are always fond ( new ?+s4 ,"y m5 read *ronicles1 b old m5 read newspap]s4 ,x admires /r5g? & good looks2 x admires a big & b>b>ic beauty 9 its wom51 = in/ance2 b s did ,rome :5 ! ,go? 0 at ! gates4 ,all ^! are ?+s q compatible ) fundam5tal t$ium & decay4 ,!re are ?ree ma9 %apes or symbols 9 :i* a nation c %[ itself ess5tially glad & great--by ! h]oic 9 gov]nm5t1 by ! h]oic 9 arms1 & by ! h]oic 9 art4 ,beyond gov]nm5t1 :i* is1 z x 71 ! v %ape & body ( a nation1 ! mo/ significant ?+ ab\t any citiz5 is 8 arti/ic attitude t[>ds a holiday & 8 moral attitude t[>ds a fight--t is1 8 way ( accept+ life & 8 way ( accept+ dea?4 ,subject$ to ^! et]nal te/s1 ,am]ica does n appe> by any means z p>ticul>ly fre% or unt\*$4 ,%e appe>s ) all ! weakness & we>9ess ( mod]n ,engl& or ( any o!r ,we/]n p[]4 ,9 h] politics %e has brok5 up exactly z ,engl& has brok5 up1 into a bewild]+ opportunism & ins9c]ity4 ,9 ! matt] ( w> & ! national attitude t[>ds w>1 h] resemblance to ,engl& is ev5 m manife/ & melan*oly4 ,x may be said ) r\gh accuracy t !re are ?ree /ages 9 ! life ( a /rong p4 ,fir/1 x is a small p[]1 & fights small p[]s4 ,!n x is a great p[]1 & fights great p[]s4 ,!n x is a great p[]1 & fights small p[]s1 b pret5ds t !y are great p[]s1 9 ord] to rek9dle ! a%es ( its anci5t emotion & vanity4 ,aft] t1 ! next /ep is to become a small p[] itself4 ,engl& exhibit$ ?is symptom ( decad5ce v badly 9 ! w> ) ! ,transvaal2 b ,am]ica exhibit$ x worse 9 ! w> ) ,spa94 ,!re 0 exhibit$ m %>ply & absurdly ?an any:]e else ! ironic contra/ betwe5 ! v c>eless *oice ( a /rong l9e & ! v c>eful *oice ( a weak enemy4 ,am]ica add$ to all h] o!r late ,roman or ,byzant9e elem5ts ! elem5t ( ! ,c>acallan triumph1 ! triumph ov] nobody4 ,b :5 we come to ! la/ te/ ( nationality1 ! te/ ( art & lett]s1 ! case is almo/ t]rible4 ,! ,engli% colonies h produc$ no great arti/s2 & t fact may prove t !y are /ill full ( sil5t possibilities & res]ve =ce4 ,b ,am]ica has produc$ great arti/s4 ,& t fact mo/ c]ta9ly proves t %e is full ( a f9e futility & ! end ( all ?+s4 ,:atev] ! ,am]ican m5 ( g5ius are1 !y are n "y gods mak+ a "y _w4 ,is ! art ( ,:i/l] a brave1 b>b>ic art1 happy & headlong8 ,does ,mr4 ,h5ry ,james infect u ) ! _s ( a s*oolboy8 ,no2 ! colonies h n spok51 & !y are safe4 ,_! sil5ce may be ! sil5ce ( ! unborn4 ,b out ( ,am]ica has come a sweet & />tl+ cry1 z unmi/akable z ! cry ( a dy+ man4 ,,xix4 ,slum ,noveli/s & ! ,slums ,odd ideas are ent]ta9$ 9 our "t ab\t ! real nature ( ! doctr9e ( human frat]nity4 ,! real doctr9e is some?+ :i* we d n1 ) all our mod]n humanit>ianism1 v cle>ly und]/&1 mu* less v closely practise4 ,!re is no?+1 = in/ance1 p>ticul>ly undemocratic ab\t kick+ y\r butl] d[n/airs4 ,x may be wrong1 b x is n unfrat]nal4 ,9 a c]ta9 s5se1 ! bl[ or kick may be consid]$ z a confession ( equality3 y are meet+ y\r butl] body to body2 y are almo/ accord+ him ! privilege ( ! duel4 ,!re is no?+1 undemocratic1 ?\gh !re may be some?+ unreasonable1 9 expect+ a great deal f ! butl]1 & be+ fill$ ) a k9d ( fr5zy ( surprise :5 he falls %ort ( ! div9e /ature4 ,! ?+ :i* is really undemocratic & unfrat]nal is n to expect ! butl] to be m or less div9e4 ,! ?+ :i* is really undemocratic & unfrat]nal is to say1 z s _m mod]n humanit>ians say1 8,( c\rse "o mu/ make all[ances = ^? on a l[] plane40 ,all ?+s consid]$ inde$1 x may be said1 )\t undue exagg]ation1 t ! really undemocratic & unfrat]nal ?+ is ! common practice ( n kick+ ! butl] d[n/airs4 ,x is only because su* a va/ section ( ! mod]n _w is out ( sympa?y ) ! s]i\s democratic s5tim5t t ?is /atem5t w seem to _m to be lack+ 9 s]i\sness4 ,democracy is n philan?ropy2 x is n ev5 altruism or social re=m4 ,democracy is n f\nd$ on pity = ! common man2 democracy is f\nd$ on rev]5ce = ! common man1 or1 if y w1 ev5 on fe> ( him4 ,x does n *ampion man because man is s mis]able1 b because man is s sublime4 ,x does n object s mu* to ! ord9>y man be+ a slave z to 8 n be+ a k+1 = its dream is always ! dream ( ! fir/ ,roman republic1 a nation ( k+s4 ,next to a g5u9e republic1 ! mo/ democratic ?+ 9 ! _w is a h]$it>y despotism4 ,i mean a despotism 9 :i* !re is absolutely no trace :atev] ( any nons5se ab\t intellect or special fitness = ! po/4 ,rational despotism--t is1 selective despotism--is always a curse to mank9d1 because ) t y h ! ord9>y man misund]/ood & misgov]n$ by "s prig :o has no bro!rly respect = him at all4 ,b irrational despotism is always democratic1 because x is ! ord9>y man en?ron$4 ,! wor/ =m ( slav]y is t :i* is call$ ,caes>ism1 or ! *oice ( "s bold or brilliant man z despot because he is suitable4 ,= t means t m5 *oose a repres5tative1 n because he repres5ts !m1 b because he does n4 ,m5 tru/ an ord9>y man l ,george ,,iii or ,william ,,iv4 because !y are !mselves ord9>y m5 & und]/& him4 ,m5 tru/ an ord9>y man because !y tru/ !mselves4 ,b m5 tru/ a great man because !y d n tru/ !mselves4 ,& h5ce ! wor%ip ( great m5 always appe>s 9 times ( weakness & c[>dice2 we nev] he> ( great m5 until ! "t :5 all o!r m5 are small4 ,h]$it>y despotism is1 !n1 9 ess5ce & s5tim5t democratic because x *ooses f mank9d at r&om4 ,if x does n decl>e t e man may rule1 x decl>es ! next mo/ democratic ?+2 x decl>es t any man may rule4 ,h]$it>y ari/ocracy is a f> worse & m dang]\s ?+1 because ! numb]s & multiplicity ( an ari/ocracy make x sometimes possible = x to figure z an ari/ocracy ( intellect4 ,"s ( its memb]s w presumably h bra9s1 & ?us !y1 at any rate1 w be an intellectual ari/ocracy )9 ! social "o4 ,!y w rule ! ari/ocracy by virtue ( _! intellect1 & !y w rule ! c\ntry by virtue ( _! ari/ocracy4 ,?us a d\ble falsity w be set up1 & millions ( ! images ( ,god1 :o1 =tunately = _! wives & families1 are nei!r g5tlem5 nor clev] m51 w be repres5t$ by a man l ,mr4 ,balf\r or ,mr4 ,wyndham1 because he is too g5tlemanly to be call$ m]ely clev]1 & j too clev] to be call$ m]ely a g5tleman4 ,b ev5 an h]$it>y ari/ocracy may exhibit1 by a sort ( accid5t1 f "t to "t "s ( ! basically democratic quality :i* belongs to a h]$it>y despotism4 ,x is amus+ to ?9k h[ mu* cons]vative +5uity has be5 wa/$ 9 ! def5ce ( ! ,h\se ( ,lords by m5 :o 7 desp]ately endeav\r+ to prove t ! ,h\se ( ,lords consi/$ ( clev] m54 ,!re is "o really good def5ce ( ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 ?\gh admir]s ( ! pe]age are /rangely coy ab\t us+ x2 & t is1 t ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 9 its full & prop] /r5g?1 consi/s ( /upid m54 ,x really w\ld be a plausible def5ce ( t o!rwise indef5sible body to po9t out t ! clev] m5 9 ! ,commons1 :o ow$ _! p[] to clev]ness1 ought 9 ! la/ resort to be *eck$ by ! av]age man 9 ! ,lords1 :o ow$ _! p[] to accid5t4 ,( c\rse1 !re w\ld be _m answ]s to su* a cont5tion1 z1 = in/ance1 t ! ,h\se ( ,lords is l>gely no long] a ,h\se ( ,lords1 b a ,h\se ( tradesm5 & f9anci]s1 or t ! bulk ( ! commonplace nobility d n vote1 & s leave ! *amb] to ! prigs & ! speciali/s & ! mad old g5tlem5 ) hobbies4 ,b on "s occasions ! ,h\se ( ,lords1 ev5 "u all ^! disadvantages1 is 9 "s s5se repres5tative4 ,:5 all ! pe]s flock$ toge!r to vote aga9/ ,mr4 ,glad/one's second ,home ,rule ,bill1 = in/ance1 ^? :o said t ! pe]s repres5t$ ! ,engli% p1 7 p]fectly "r4 ,all ^? de> old m5 :o happ5$ to be born pe]s 7 at t mom5t1 & ^u t "q1 ! precise c\nt]p>t ( all ! de> old m5 :o happ5$ to be born paup]s or middle-class g5tlem54 ,t mob ( pe]s did really repres5t ! ,engli% p--t is to say1 x 0 hone/1 ignorant1 vaguely excit$1 almo/ unanim\s1 & obvi\sly wrong4 ,( c\rse1 rational democracy is bett] z an expression ( ! public w ?an ! haphaz>d h]$it>y me?od4 ,:ile we are ab\t hav+ any k9d ( democracy1 let x be rational democracy4 ,b if we are to h any k9d ( olig>*y1 let x be irrational olig>*y4 ,!n at lea/ we %all be rul$ by m54 ,b ! ?+ :i* is really requir$ = ! prop] work+ ( democracy is n m]ely ! democratic sy/em1 or ev5 ! democratic philosophy1 b ! democratic emotion4 ,! democratic emotion1 l mo/ elem5t>y & indisp5sable ?+s1 is a ?+ difficult to describe at any "t4 ,b x is peculi>ly difficult to describe x 9 our enlight5$ age1 = ! simple reason t x is peculi>ly difficult to f9d x4 ,x is a c]ta9 in/9ctive attitude :i* feels ! ?+s 9 :i* all m5 agree to be unspeakably important1 & all ! ?+s 9 :i* !y diff] 7su* z m]e bra9s7 to be almo/ unspeakably unimportant4 ,! ne>e/ approa* to x 9 our ord9>y life w\ld be ! promptitude ) :i* we %\ld consid] m]e humanity 9 any circum/ance ( %ock or dea?4 ,we %\ld say1 aft] a some:at di/urb+ discov]y1 8,!re is a dead man "u ! s(a40 ,we %\ld n be likely to say1 8,!re is a dead man ( consid]able p]sonal ref9em5t "u ! s(a40 ,we %\ld say1 8,a woman has fall5 into ! wat]40 ,we %\ld n say1 8,a highly educat$ woman has fall5 into ! wat]40 ,nobody w\ld say1 8,!re are ! rema9s ( a cle> ?9k] 9 y\r back g>d540 ,nobody w\ld say1 8,unless y hurry up & /op him1 a man ) a v f9e e> = music w h jump$ (f t cliff40 ,b ?is emotion1 :i* all ( u h 9 connection ) su* ?+s z bir? & dea?1 is to "s p native & con/ant at all ord9>y times & 9 all ord9>y places4 ,x 0 native to ,/4 ,francis ( ,assisi4 ,x 0 native to ,walt ,:itman4 ,9 ?is /range & spl5did degree x _c be expect$1 p]haps1 to p]vade a :ole commonweal? or a :ole civilization2 b "o commonweal? may h x mu* m ?an ano!r commonweal?1 "o civilization mu* m ?an ano!r civilization4 ,no community1 p]haps1 ev] _h x s mu* z ! e>ly ,franciscans4 ,no community1 p]haps1 ev] _h x s little z ours4 ,ev]y?+ 9 our age has1 :5 c>efully exam9$1 ?is fundam5tally undemocratic quality4 ,9 religion & morals we %\ld admit1 9 ! ab/ract1 t ! s9s ( ! educat$ classes 7 z great z1 or p]haps great] ?an1 ! s9s ( ! poor & ignorant4 ,b 9 practice ! great diff]5ce betwe5 ! m$iaeval e?ics & ours is t ours conc5trate att5tion on ! s9s :i* are ! s9s ( ! ignorant1 & practically d5y t ! s9s :i* are ! s9s ( ! educat$ are s9s at all4 ,we are always talk+ ab\t ! s9 ( intemp]ate dr9k+1 because x is q obvi\s t ! poor h x m ?an ! ri*4 ,b we are always d5y+ t !re is any su* ?+ z ! s9 ( pride1 because x w\ld be q obvi\s t ! ri* h x m ?an ! poor4 ,we are always ready to make a sa9t or prophet ( ! educat$ man :o goes into cottages to give a little k9dly advice to ! un$ucat$4 ,b ! m$ieval idea ( a sa9t or prophet 0 some?+ q diff]5t4 ,! m$iaeval sa9t or prophet 0 an un$ucat$ man :o walk$ into gr& h\ses to give a little k9dly advice to ! educat$4 ,! old tyrants _h en\gh insol5ce to despoil ! poor1 b !y _h n en\gh insol5ce to prea* to !m4 ,x 0 ! g5tleman :o oppress$ ! slums2 b x 0 ! slums t admoni%$ ! g5tleman4 ,& j z we are undemocratic 9 fai? & morals1 s we are1 by ! v nature ( our attitude 9 su* matt]s1 undemocratic 9 ! tone ( our practical politics4 ,x is a suffici5t pro( t we are n an ess5tially democratic /ate t we are always wond]+ :at we %all d ) ! poor4 ,if we 7 democrats1 we %\ld be wond]+ :at ! poor w d ) u4 ,) u ! gov]n+ class is always say+ to itself1 8,:at laws %all we make80 ,9 a purely democratic /ate x w\ld be always say+1 8,:at laws c we obey80 ,a purely democratic /ate p]haps !re has nev] be54 ,b ev5 ! feudal ages 7 9 practice ?us f> democratic1 t e feudal pot5tate knew t any laws :i* he made w\ld 9 all probability return ^u himself4 ,8 fea!rs might be cut (f = break+ a sumptu>y law4 ,8 head might be cut (f = high treason4 ,b ! mod]n laws are almo/ always laws made to affect ! gov]n$ class1 b n ! gov]n+4 ,we h public-h\se lic5s+ laws1 b n sumptu>y laws4 ,t is to say1 we h laws aga9/ ! fe/ivity & hospitality ( ! poor1 b no laws aga9/ ! fe/ivity & hospitality ( ! ri*4 ,we h laws aga9/ blasphemy--t is1 aga9/ a k9d ( co>se & (f5sive speak+ 9 :i* nobody b a r\gh & obscure man w\ld be likely to indulge4 ,b we h no laws aga9/ h]esy--t is1 aga9/ ! intellectual poison+ ( ! :ole p1 9 :i* only a prosp]\s & prom95t man w\ld be likely to be successful4 ,! evil ( ari/ocracy is n t x necess>ily leads to ! infliction ( bad ?+s or ! suff]+ ( sad ones2 ! evil ( ari/ocracy is t x places ev]y?+ 9 ! h&s ( a class ( p :o c always inflict :at !y c nev] suff]4 ,:e!r :at !y inflict is1 9 _! int5tion1 good or bad1 !y become equally frivol\s4 ,! case aga9/ ! gov]n+ class ( mod]n ,engl& is n 9 ! lea/ t x is selfi%2 if y l1 y may call ! ,engli% olig>*s too fanta/ically unselfi%4 ,! case aga9/ !m simply is t :5 !y legislate = all m51 !y always omit !mselves4 ,we are undemocratic1 !n1 9 our religion1 z is prov$ by our ef=ts to 8raise0 ! poor4 ,we are undemocratic 9 our gov]nm5t1 z is prov$ by our innoc5t attempt to gov]n !m well4 ,b above all we are undemocratic 9 our lit]ature1 z is prov$ by ! torr5t ( novels ab\t ! poor & s]i\s /udies ( ! poor :i* p\r f our publi%]s e mon?4 ,& ! m 8mod]n0 ! book is ! m c]ta9 x is to be devoid ( democratic s5tim5t4 ,a poor man is a man :o has n got mu* money4 ,?is may seem a simple & unnecess>y description1 b 9 ! face ( a great mass ( mod]n fact & fiction1 x seems v necess>y inde$2 mo/ ( our reali/s & sociologi/s talk ab\t a poor man z if he 7 an octopus or an alligator4 ,!re is no m ne$ to /udy ! psy*ology ( pov]ty ?an to /udy ! psy*ology ( bad temp]1 or ! psy*ology ( vanity1 or ! psy*ology ( animal spirits4 ,a man ought to "k some?+ ( ! emotions ( an insult$ man1 n by be+ insult$1 b simply by be+ a man4 ,& he ought to "k some?+ ( ! emotions ( a poor man1 n by be+ poor1 b simply by be+ a man4 ,!re=e1 9 any writ] :o is describ+ pov]ty1 my fir/ objection to him w be t he has /udi$ 8 subject4 ,a democrat w\ld h imag9$ x4 ,a great _m h>d ?+s h be5 said ab\t religi\s slumm+ & political or social slumm+1 b surely ! mo/ despicable ( all is arti/ic slumm+4 ,! religi\s tea*] is at lea/ suppos$ to be int]e/$ 9 ! co/]mong] because he is a man2 ! politician is 9 "s dim & p]v]t$ s5se int]e/$ 9 ! co/]mong] because he is a citiz52 x is only ! wret*$ writ] :o is int]e/$ 9 ! co/]mong] m]ely because he is a co/]mong]4 ,nev]!less1 s long z he is m]ely seek+ impressions1 or 9 o!r words copy1 8 trade1 ?\gh dull1 is hone/4 ,b :5 he endeav\rs to repres5t t he is describ+ ! spiritual core ( a co/]mong]1 8 dim vices & 8 delicate virtues1 !n we mu/ object t 8 claim is prepo/]\s2 we mu/ rem9d him t he is a j\rnali/ & no?+ else4 ,he has f> less psy*ological au?ority ev5 ?an ! fooli% mission>y4 ,= he is 9 ! lit]al & d]ivative s5se a j\rnali/1 :ile ! mission>y is an et]nali/4 ,! mission>y at lea/ pret5ds to h a v]sion ( ! man's lot = all "t2 ! j\rnali/ only pret5ds to h a v]sion ( x f day to day4 ,! mission>y comes to tell ! poor man t he is 9 ! same condition ) all m54 ,! j\rnali/ comes to tell o!r p h[ diff]5t ! poor man is f ev]ybody else4 ,if ! mod]n novels ab\t ! slums1 su* z novels ( ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,morrison1 or ! exce$+ly able novels ( ,mr4 ,som]set ,maugham1 are int5d$ to be s5sational1 ,i c only say t t is a noble & reasonable object1 & t !y atta9 x4 ,a s5sation1 a %ock to ! imag9ation1 l ! contact ) cold wat]1 is always a good & exhil>at+ ?+2 &1 und\bt$ly1 m5 w always seek ?is s5sation 7among o!r =ms7 9 ! =m ( ! /udy ( ! /range antics ( remote or ali5 peoples4 ,9 ! twelf? c5tury m5 obta9$ ?is s5sation by read+ ab\t dog-head$ m5 9 ,africa4 ,9 ! tw5tie? c5tury !y obta9$ x by read+ ab\t pig-head$ ,bo]s 9 ,africa4 ,! m5 ( ! tw5tie? c5tury 7 c]ta9ly1 x mu/ be admitt$1 some:at ! m cr$ul\s ( ! two4 ,= x is n record$ ( ! m5 9 ! twelf? c5tury t !y organiz$ a sangu9>y crusade solely = ! purpose ( alt]+ ! s+ul> =mation ( ! heads ( ! ,africans4 ,b x may be1 & x may ev5 legitimately be1 t s9ce all ^! mon/]s h fad$ f ! popul> my?ology1 x is necess>y to h 9 our fiction ! image ( ! horrible & hairy ,ea/-end]1 m]ely to keep alive 9 u a fe>ful & *ildlike wond] at ext]nal peculi>ities4 ,b ! ,middle ,ages 7) a great deal m common s5se ?an x w\ld n[ be fa%ionable to admit7 reg>d$ natural hi/ory at bottom r z a k9d ( joke2 !y reg>d$ ! s\l z v important4 ,h5ce1 :ile !y _h a natural hi/ory ( dog-head$ m51 !y did n pr(ess to h a psy*ology ( dog-head$ m54 ,!y did n pr(ess to mirror ! m9d ( a dog-head$ man1 to %>e 8 t5d]e/ secrets1 or m\nt ) 8 mo/ cele/ial mus+s4 ,!y did n write novels ab\t ! semi-can9e creature1 attribut+ to him all ! olde/ morbidities & all ! newe/ fads4 ,x is p]missible to pres5t m5 z mon/]s if we wi% to make ! read] jump2 & to make anybody jump is always a ,*ri/ian act4 ,b x is n p]missible to pres5t m5 z reg>d+ !mselves z mon/]s1 or z mak+ !mselves jump4 ,to summ>ize1 our slum fiction is q def5sible z ae/hetic fiction2 x is n def5sible z spiritual fact4 ,"o enorm\s ob/acle /&s 9 ! way ( its actuality4 ,! m5 :o write x1 & ! m5 :o read x1 are m5 ( ! middle classes or ! upp] classes2 at lea/1 ( ^? :o are loosely t]m$ ! educat$ classes4 ,h5ce1 ! fact t x is ! life z ! ref9$ man sees x proves t x _c be ! life z ! unref9$ man lives x4 ,ri* m5 write /ories ab\t poor m51 & describe !m z speak+ ) a co>se1 or heavy1 or husky enunciation4 ,b if poor m5 wrote novels ab\t y or me !y w\ld describe u z speak+ ) "s absurd %rill & affect$ voice1 su* z we only he> f a du*ess 9 a ?ree-act f>ce4 ,! slum noveli/ ga9s 8 :ole effect by ! fact t "s detail is /range to ! read]2 b t detail by ! nature ( ! case _c be /range 9 itself4 ,x _c be /range to ! s\l :i* he is pr(ess+ to /udy4 ,! slum noveli/ ga9s 8 effects by describ+ ! same grey mi/ z drap+ ! d+y factory & ! d+y tav]n4 ,b to ! man he is suppos$ to be /udy+ !re mu/ be exactly ! same diff]5ce betwe5 ! factory & ! tav]n t !re is to a middle-class man betwe5 a late night at ! (fice & a supp] at ,pagani's4 ,! slum noveli/ is cont5t ) po9t+ out t to ! eye ( 8 p>ticul> class a pickaxe looks dirty & a pewt] pot looks dirty4 ,b ! man he is suppos$ to be /udy+ sees ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m exactly z a cl]k sees ! diff]5ce betwe5 a l$g] & an edition de luxe4 ,! *i>oscuro ( ! life is inevitably lo/2 = to u ! high lights & ! %ad[s are a light grey4 ,b ! high lights & ! %ad[s are n a light grey 9 t life any m ?an 9 any o!r4 ,! k9d ( man :o c\ld really express ! pleasures ( ! poor w\ld be also ! k9d ( man :o c\ld %>e !m4 ,9 %ort1 ^! books are n a record ( ! psy*ology ( pov]ty4 ,!y are a record ( ! psy*ology ( weal? & culture :5 br\ght 9 contact ) pov]ty4 ,!y are n a description ( ! /ate ( ! slums4 ,!y are only a v d>k & dreadful description ( ! /ate ( ! slumm]s4 ,"o might give innum]able examples ( ! ess5tially unsympa!tic & unpopul> quality ( ^! reali/ic writ]s4 ,b p]haps ! simple/ & mo/ obvi\s example ) :i* we c\ld conclude is ! m]e fact t ^! writ]s are reali/ic4 ,! poor h _m o!r vices1 b1 at lea/1 !y are nev] reali/ic4 ,! poor are melodramatic & romantic 9 gra92 ! poor all believe 9 high moral platitudes & copy-book maxims2 probably ?is is ! ultimate mean+ ( ! great say+1 8,bless$ are ! poor40 ,bless$ are ! poor1 = !y are always mak+ life1 or try+ to make life l an ,adelphi play4 ,"s innoc5t educationali/s & philan?ropi/s 7= ev5 philan?ropi/s c be innoc5t7 h express$ a grave a/oni%m5t t ! masses pref] %ill+ %ock]s to sci5tific treatises & melodramas to problem plays4 ,! reason is v simple4 ,! reali/ic /ory is c]ta9ly m arti/ic ?an ! melodramatic /ory4 ,if :at y desire is deft h&l+1 delicate proportions1 a unit ( arti/ic atmosph]e1 ! reali/ic /ory has a full advantage ov] ! melodrama4 ,9 ev]y?+ t is light & bright & ornam5tal ! reali/ic /ory has a full advantage ov] ! melodrama4 ,b1 at lea/1 ! melodrama has "o indisputable advantage ov] ! reali/ic /ory4 ,! melodrama is mu* m l life4 ,x is mu* m l man1 & especially ! poor man4 ,x is v banal & v in>ti/ic :5 a poor woman at ! ,adelphi says1 8,d y ?9k ,i w sell my own *ild80 ,b poor wom5 9 ! ,batt]sea ,high ,road d say1 8,d y ?9k ,i w sell my own *ild80 ,!y say x on e available occasion2 y c he> a sort ( murmur or babble ( x all ! way d[n ! /reet4 ,x is v /ale & weak dramatic art 7if t is all7 :5 ! workman confronts 8 ma/] & says1 8,i'm a man40 ,b a workman does say 8,i'm a man0 two or ?ree times e day4 ,9 fact1 x is t$i\s1 possibly1 to he> poor m5 be+ melodramatic beh9d ! footlights2 b t is because "o c always he> !m be+ melodramatic 9 ! /reet outside4 ,9 %ort1 melodrama1 if x is dull1 is dull because x is too accurate4 ,some:at ! same problem exi/s 9 ! case ( /ories ab\t s*oolboys4 ,mr4 ,kipl+'s 8,/alky & ,co40 is mu* m amus+ 7if y are talk+ ab\t amusem5t7 ?an ! late ,dean ,f>r>'s 8,eric2 or1 ,little by ,little40 ,b 8,eric0 is immeasurably m l real s*ool-life4 ,= real s*ool-life1 real boyhood1 is full ( ! ?+s ( :i* ,eric is full--priggi%ness1 a crude piety1 a silly s91 a weak b cont9ual attempt at ! h]oic1 9 a ^w1 melodrama4 ,& if we wi% to lay a firm basis = any ef=ts to help ! poor1 we mu/ n become reali/ic & see !m f ! outside4 ,we mu/ become melodramatic1 & see !m f ! inside4 ,! noveli/ mu/ n take out 8 notebook & say1 8,i am an exp]t40 ,no2 he mu/ imitate ! workman 9 ! ,adelphi play4 ,he mu/ slap himself on ! *e/ & say1 8,i am a man40 ,,xx4 ,conclud+ ,rem>ks on ! ,importance ( ,or?odoxy ,:e!r ! human m9d c advance or n1 is a "q too little discuss$1 = no?+ c be m dang]\s ?an to f\nd our social philosophy on any !ory :i* is debatable b has n be5 debat$4 ,b if we assume1 = ! sake ( argum5t1 t !re has be5 9 ! pa/1 or w be 9 ! future1 su* a ?+ z a gr[? or improvem5t ( ! human m9d itself1 !re /ill rema9s a v %>p objection to be rais$ aga9/ ! mod]n v]sion ( t improvem5t4 ,! vice ( ! mod]n notion ( m5tal progress is t x is always some?+ conc]n$ ) ! break+ ( bonds1 ! effac+ ( b\nd>ies1 ! ca/+ away ( dogmas4 ,b if !re be su* a ?+ z m5tal gr[?1 x mu/ mean ! gr[? into m & m def9ite convictions1 into m & m dogmas4 ,! human bra9 is a ma*9e = com+ to conclusions2 if x _c come to conclusions x is ru/y4 ,:5 we he> ( a man too clev] to believe1 we are he>+ ( some?+ hav+ almo/ ! "* ( a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,x is l he>+ ( a nail t 0 too good to hold d[n a c>pet2 or a bolt t 0 too /rong to keep a door %ut4 ,man c h>dly be def9$1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ,c>lyle1 z an animal :o makes tools2 ants & beav]s & _m o!r animals make tools1 9 ! s5se t !y make an app>atus4 ,man c be def9$ z an animal t makes dogmas4 ,z he piles doctr9e on doctr9e & conclusion on conclusion 9 ! =mation ( "s trem5d\s s*eme ( philosophy & religion1 he is1 9 ! only legitimate s5se ( :i* ! expression is capable1 becom+ m & m human4 ,:5 he drops "o doctr9e aft] ano!r 9 a ref9$ scepticism1 :5 he decl9es to tie himself to a sy/em1 :5 he says t he has outgr[n def9itions1 :5 he says t he disbelieves 9 f9ality1 :51 9 8 own imag9ation1 he sits z ,god1 hold+ no =m ( cre$ b contemplat+ all1 !n he is by t v process s9k+ sl[ly backw>ds into ! vagu5ess ( ! vagrant animals & ! unconsci\sness ( ! grass4 ,trees h no dogmas4 ,turnips are s+ul>ly broadm9d$4 ,if !n1 ,i repeat1 !re is to be m5tal advance1 x mu/ be m5tal advance 9 ! con/ruction ( a def9ite philosophy ( life4 ,& t philosophy ( life mu/ be "r & ! o!r philosophies wrong4 ,n[ ( all1 or ne>ly all1 ! able mod]n writ]s :om ,i h briefly /udi$ 9 ?is book1 ?is is especially & pleas+ly true1 t !y d ea* ( !m h a con/ructive & affirmative view1 & t !y d take x s]i\sly & ask u to take x s]i\sly4 ,!re is no?+ m]ely sceptically progressive ab\t ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! lea/ broad m9d$ ab\t ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw4 ,! paganism ( ,mr4 ,l[es ,dick9son is m grave ?an any ,*ri/ianity4 ,ev5 ! opportunism ( ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells is m dogmatic ?an ! idealism ( anybody else4 ,somebody compla9$1 ,i ?9k1 to ,mat!w ,arnold t he 0 gett+ z dogmatic z ,c>lyle4 ,he repli$1 8,t may be true2 b y ov]look an obvi\s diff]5ce4 ,i am dogmatic & "r1 & ,c>lyle is dogmatic & wrong40 ,! /rong hum\r ( ! rem>k ought n to disguise f u its ev]la/+ s]i\sness & common s5se2 no man ought to write at all1 or ev5 to speak at all1 unless he ?9ks t he is 9 tru? & ! o!r man 9 error4 ,9 simil> /yle1 ,i hold t ,i am dogmatic & "r1 :ile ,mr4 ,%aw is dogmatic & wrong4 ,b my ma9 po9t1 at pres5t1 is to notice t ! *ief among ^! writ]s ,i h discuss$ d mo/ sanely & c\rage\sly (f] !mselves z dogmati/s1 z f\nd]s ( a sy/em4 ,x may be true t ! ?+ 9 ,mr4 ,%aw mo/ int]e/+ to me1 is ! fact t ,mr4 ,%aw is wrong4 ,b x is equally true t ! ?+ 9 ,mr4 ,%aw mo/ int]e/+ to himself1 is ! fact t ,mr4 ,%aw is "r4 ,mr4 ,%aw may h none ) him b himself2 b x is n = himself he c>es4 ,x is = ! va/ & univ]sal *ur*1 ( :i* he is ! only memb]4 ,! two typical m5 ( g5ius :om ,i h m5tion$ "h1 & ) ^: names ,i h begun ?is book1 are v symbolic1 if only because !y h %[n t ! fi]ce/ dogmati/s c make ! be/ arti/s4 ,9 ! f9 de siecle atmosph]e e "o 0 cry+ out t lit]ature %\ld be free f all causes & all e?ical cre$s4 ,art 0 to produce only exquisite workman%ip1 & x 0 especially ! note ( ^? days to dem& brilliant plays & brilliant %ort /ories4 ,& :5 !y got !m1 !y got !m f a c\ple ( morali/s4 ,! be/ %ort /ories 7 writt5 by a man try+ to prea* ,imp]ialism4 ,! be/ plays 7 writt5 by a man try+ to prea* ,socialism4 ,all ! art ( all ! arti/s look$ t9y & t$i\s beside ! art :i* 0 a by-product ( propag&a4 ,! reason1 inde$1 is v simple4 ,a man _c be wise en\gh to be a great arti/ )\t be+ wise en\gh to wi% to be a philosoph]4 ,a man _c h ! en]gy to produce good art )\t hav+ ! en]gy to wi% to pass beyond x4 ,a small arti/ is cont5t ) art2 a great arti/ is cont5t ) no?+ except ev]y?+4 ,s we f9d t :5 real =ces1 good or bad1 l ,kipl+ & ,g4 ,b4 ,s41 ent] our ar5a1 !y br+ ) !m n only />tl+ & arre/+ art1 b v />tl+ & arre/+ dogmas4 ,& !y c>e ev5 m1 & desire u to c>e ev5 m1 ab\t _! />tl+ & arre/+ dogmas ?an ab\t _! />tl+ & arre/+ art4 ,mr4 ,%aw is a good dramati/1 b :at he desires m ?an any?+ else to be is a good politician4 ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+ is by div9e caprice & natural g5ius an unconv5tional poet2 b :at he desires m ?an any?+ else to be is a conv5tional poet4 ,he desires to be ! poet ( 8 p1 bone ( _! bone1 & fle% ( _! fle%1 und]/&+ _! orig9s1 celebrat+ _! de/9y4 ,he desires to be ,poet ,laureate1 a mo/ s5sible & hon\rable & public-spirit$ desire4 ,hav+ be5 giv5 by ! gods orig9ality--t is1 disagreem5t ) o!rs--he desires div9ely to agree ) !m4 ,b ! mo/ /rik+ in/ance ( all1 m /rik+1 ,i ?9k1 ev5 ?an ei!r ( ^!1 is ! in/ance ( ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells4 ,he began 9 a sort ( insane infancy ( pure art4 ,he began by mak+ a new heav5 & a new e>?1 ) ! same irresponsible in/9ct by :i* m5 buy a new necktie or button-hole4 ,he began by trifl+ ) ! />s & sy/ems 9 ord] to make ephem]al anecdotes2 he kill$ ! univ]se = a joke4 ,he has s9ce become m & m s]i\s1 & has become1 z m5 inevitably d :5 !y become m & m s]i\s1 m & m p>o*ial4 ,he 0 frivol\s ab\t ! twilight ( ! gods2 b he is s]i\s ab\t ! ,london omnibus4 ,he 0 c>eless 9 8,! ,"t ,ma*9e10 = t dealt only ) ! de/9y ( all ?+s2 b he is c>eful1 & ev5 cauti\s1 9 8,mank9d 9 ! ,mak+10 = t deals ) ! day aft] to-morr[4 ,he began ) ! end ( ! _w1 & t 0 easy4 ,n[ he has gone on to ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 & t is difficult4 ,b ! ma9 result ( all ?is is ! same z 9 ! o!r cases4 ,! m5 :o h really be5 ! bold arti/s1 ! reali/ic arti/s1 ! uncompromis+ arti/s1 are ! m5 :o h turn$ out1 aft] all1 to be writ+ 8) a purpose40 ,suppose t any cool & cynical art-critic1 any art-critic fully impress$ ) ! conviction t arti/s 7 greate/ :5 !y 7 mo/ purely arti/ic1 suppose t a man :o pr(ess$ ably a humane ae/heticism1 z did ,mr4 ,max ,be]bohm1 or a cruel ae/heticism1 z did ,mr4 ,w4 ,e4 ,h5ley1 _h ca/ 8 eye ov] ! :ole fictional lit]ature :i* 0 rec5t 9 ! ye> #ahie1 & _h be5 ask$ to select ! ?ree mo/ vigor\s & promis+ & orig9al arti/s & arti/ic works1 he w\ld1 ,i ?9k1 mo/ c]ta9ly h said t = a f9e arti/ic audacity1 = a real arti/ic delicacy1 or = a :iff ( true novelty 9 art1 ! ?+s t /ood fir/ 7 8,soldi]s ,?ree10 by a ,mr4 ,rudy>d ,kipl+2 8,arms & ! ,man10 by a ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw2 & 8,! ,"t ,ma*9e10 by a man call$ ,wells4 ,& all ^! m5 h %[n !mselves +ra9$ly didactic4 ,y may express ! matt] if y w by say+ t if we want doctr9es we g to ! great arti/s4 ,b x is cle> f ! psy*ology ( ! matt] t ?is is n ! true /atem5t2 ! true /atem5t is t :5 we want any art tol]ably brisk & bold we h to g to ! doctr9aires4 ,9 conclud+ ?is book1 !re=e1 ,i w\ld ask1 fir/ & =emo/1 t m5 su* z ^! ( :om ,i h spok5 %\ld n be insult$ by be+ tak5 = arti/s4 ,no man has any "r :atev] m]ely to enjoy ! "w ( ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw2 he might z well enjoy ! invasion ( 8 c\ntry by ! ,fr5*4 ,mr4 ,%aw writes ei!r to conv9ce or to enrage u4 ,no man has any bus9ess to be a ,kipl+ite )\t be+ a politician1 & an ,imp]iali/ politician4 ,if a man is fir/ ) u1 x %\ld be because ( :at is fir/ ) him4 ,if a man conv9ces u at all1 x %\ld be by 8 convictions4 ,if we hate a poem ( ,kipl+'s f political passion1 we are hat+ x = ! same reason t ! poet lov$ x2 if we dislike him because ( 8 op9ions1 we are dislik+ him = ! be/ ( all possible reasons4 ,if a man comes into ,hyde ,p>k to prea* x is p]missible to hoot him2 b x is disc\rte\s to applaud him z a p]=m+ be>4 ,& an arti/ is only a p]=m+ be> comp>$ ) ! meane/ man :o fancies he has any?+ to say4 ,!re is1 inde$1 "o class ( mod]n writ]s & ?9k]s :o _c altoge!r be ov]look$ 9 ?is "q1 ?\gh !re is no space "h = a l5g?y acc\nt ( !m1 :i*1 inde$1 to confess ! tru?1 w\ld consi/ *iefly ( abuse4 ,i mean ^? :o get ov] all ^! abysses & reconcile all ^! w>s by talk+ ab\t 8aspects ( tru?10 by say+ t ! art ( ,kipl+ repres5ts "o aspect ( ! tru?1 & ! art ( ,william ,watson ano!r2 ! art ( ,mr4 ,b]n>d ,%aw "o aspect ( ! tru?1 & ! art ( ,mr4 ,cunn+ham ,grahame ano!r2 ! art ( ,mr4 ,h4 ,g4 ,wells "o aspect1 & ! art ( ,mr4 ,cov5try ,patmore 7say7 ano!r4 ,i w only say "h t ?is seems to me an evasion :i* has n ev5 _h ! s5se to disguise itself +5i\sly 9 words4 ,if we talk ( a c]ta9 ?+ be+ an aspect ( tru?1 x is evid5t t we claim to "k :at is tru?2 j z1 if we talk ( ! h9d leg ( a dog1 we claim to "k :at is a dog4 ,un=tunately1 ! philosoph] :o talks ab\t aspects ( tru? g5]ally also asks1 8,:at is tru?80 ,frequ5tly ev5 he d5ies ! exi/5ce ( tru?1 or says x is inconceivable by ! human intellig5ce4 ,h[1 !n1 c he recognize its aspects8 ,i %\ld n l to be an arti/ :o br\ght an ar*itectural sket* to a build]1 say+1 8,?is is ! s\? aspect ( ,sea-,view ,cottage4 ,sea-,view ,cottage1 ( c\rse1 does n exi/40 ,i %\ld n ev5 l v mu* to h to expla91 "u su* circum/ances1 t ,sea-,view ,cottage might exi/1 b 0 un?9kable by ! human m9d4 ,nor %\ld ,i l any bett] to be ! bungl+ & absurd metaphysician :o pr(ess$ to be able to see ev]y:]e ! aspects ( a tru? t is n !re4 ,( c\rse1 x is p]fectly obvi\s t !re are tru?s 9 ,kipl+1 t !re are tru?s 9 ,%aw or ,wells4 ,b ! degree to :i* we c p]ceive !m dep5ds /rictly ^u h[ f> we h a def9ite conception inside u ( :at is tru?4 ,x is ludicr\s to suppose t ! m sceptical we are ! m we see good 9 ev]y?+4 ,x is cle> t ! m we are c]ta9 :at good is1 ! m we %all see good 9 ev]y?+4 ,i plead1 !n1 t we %\ld agree or disagree ) ^! m54 ,i plead t we %\ld agree ) !m at lea/ 9 hav+ an ab/ract belief4 ,b ,i "k t !re are curr5t 9 ! mod]n _w _m vague objections to hav+ an ab/ract belief1 & ,i feel t we %all n get any fur!r until we h dealt ) "s ( !m4 ,! fir/ objection is easily /at$4 ,a common hesitation 9 our day t\*+ ! use ( extreme convictions is a sort ( notion t extreme convictions specially ^u cosmic matt]s1 h be5 responsible 9 ! pa/ = ! ?+ :i* is call$ bigotry4 ,b a v small am\nt ( direct exp]i5ce w dissipate ?is view4 ,9 real life ! p :o are mo/ bigot$ are ! p :o h no convictions at all4 ,! economi/s ( ! ,man*e/] s*ool :o disagree ) ,socialism take ,socialism s]i\sly4 ,x is ! "y man 9 ,bond ,/reet1 :o does n "k :at socialism means mu* less :e!r he agrees ) x1 :o is q c]ta9 t ^! sociali/ fell[s are mak+ a fuss ab\t no?+4 ,! man :o und]/&s ! ,calv9i/ philosophy en\gh to agree ) x mu/ und]/& ! ,ca?olic philosophy 9 ord] to disagree ) x4 ,x is ! vague mod]n :o is n at all c]ta9 :at is "r :o is mo/ c]ta9 t ,dante 0 wrong4 ,! s]i\s oppon5t ( ! ,lat9 ,*ur* 9 hi/ory1 ev5 9 ! act ( %[+ t x produc$ great infamies1 mu/ "k t x produc$ great sa9ts4 ,x is ! h>d-head$ /ockbrok]1 :o kn[s no hi/ory & believes no religion1 :o is1 nev]!less1 p]fectly conv9c$ t all ^! prie/s are knaves4 ,! ,salvationi/ at ! ,m>ble ,ar* may be bigot$1 b he is n too bigot$ to ye>n f a common human k9%ip aft] ! d&y on *ur* p>ade4 ,b ! d&y on *ur* p>ade is s bigot$ t he does n 9 ! lea/ ye>n aft] ! ,salvationi/ at ! ,m>ble ,ar*4 ,bigotry may be r\ghly def9$ z ! ang] ( m5 :o h no op9ions4 ,x is ! resi/ance (f]$ to def9ite ideas by t vague bulk ( p ^: ideas are indef9ite to excess4 ,bigotry may be call$ ! appall+ fr5zy ( ! indiff]5t4 ,?is fr5zy ( ! indiff]5t is 9 tru? a t]rible ?+2 x has made all mon/r\s & widely p]vad+ p]secutions4 ,9 ?is degree x 0 n ! p :o c>$ :o ev] p]secut$2 ! p :o c>$ 7 n suffici5tly num]\s4 ,x 0 ! p :o did n c>e :o fill$ ! _w ) fire & oppression4 ,x 0 ! h&s ( ! indiff]5t t lit ! faggots2 x 0 ! h&s ( ! indiff]5t t turn$ ! rack4 ,!re h come "s p]secutions out ( ! pa9 ( a passionate c]ta9ty2 b ^! produc$1 n bigotry1 b fanaticism--a v diff]5t & a some:at admirable ?+4 ,bigotry 9 ! ma9 has always be5 ! p]vad+ omnipot5ce ( ^? :o d n c>e cru%+ out ^? :o c>e 9 d>kness & blood4 ,!re are p1 h[ev]1 :o dig some:at deep] ?an ?is into ! possible evils ( dogma4 ,x is felt by _m t /rong philosophical conviction1 :ile x does n 7z !y p]ceive7 produce t sluggi% & fundam5tally frivol\s condition :i* we call bigotry1 does produce a c]ta9 conc5tration1 exagg]ation1 & moral impati5ce1 :i* we may agree to call fanaticism4 ,!y say1 9 brief1 t ideas are dang]\s ?+s4 ,9 politics1 = example1 x is commonly urg$ aga9/ a man l ,mr4 ,balf\r1 or aga9/ a man l ,mr4 ,john ,morley1 t a weal? ( ideas is dang]\s4 ,! true doctr9e on ?is po9t1 aga91 is surely n v difficult to /ate4 ,ideas are dang]\s1 b ! man to :om !y are lea/ dang]\s is ! man ( ideas4 ,he is acqua9t$ ) ideas1 & moves among !m l a lion-tam]4 ,ideas are dang]\s1 b ! man to :om !y are mo/ dang]\s is ! man ( no ideas4 ,! man ( no ideas w f9d ! fir/ idea fly to 8 head l w9e to ! head ( a teetotall]4 ,x is a common error1 ,i ?9k1 among ! ,radical ideali/s ( my own p>ty & p]iod to sugge/ t f9anci]s & bus9ess m5 are a dang] to ! empire because !y are s sordid or s mat]iali/ic4 ,! tru? is t f9anci]s & bus9ess m5 are a dang] to ! empire because !y c be s5tim5tal ab\t any s5tim5t1 & ideali/ic ab\t any ideal1 any ideal t !y f9d ly+ ab\t4 ,j z a boy :o has n kn[n mu* ( wom5 is apt too easily to take a woman = ! woman1 s ^! practical m51 unaccu/om$ to causes1 are always incl9$ to ?9k t if a ?+ is prov$ to be an ideal x is prov$ to be ! ideal4 ,_m1 = example1 av[$ly foll[$ ,cecil ,rhodes because he _h a vision4 ,!y might z well h foll[$ him because he _h a nose2 a man )\t "s k9d ( dream ( p]fection is q z mu* ( a mon/rosity z a noseless man4 ,p say ( su* a figure1 9 almo/ fev]i% :isp]s1 8,he kn[s 8 own m9d10 :i* is exactly l say+ 9 equally fev]i% :isp]s1 8,he bl[s 8 own nose40 ,human nature simply _c subsi/ )\t a hope & aim ( "s k9d2 z ! sanity ( ! ,old ,te/am5t truly said1 :]e !re is no vision ! p p]i%e?4 ,b x is precisely because an ideal is necess>y to man t ! man )\t ideals is 9 p]man5t dang] ( fanaticism4 ,!re is no?+ :i* is s likely to leave a man op5 to ! sudd5 & irresi/ible inroad ( an unbalanc$ vision z ! cultivation ( bus9ess habits4 ,all ( u "k angul> bus9ess m5 :o ?9k t ! e>? is flat1 or t ,mr4 ,krug] 0 at ! head ( a great milit>y despotism1 or t m5 are gram9ivor\s1 or t ,bacon wrote ,%akespe>e4 ,religi\s & philosophical beliefs are1 inde$1 z dang]\s z fire1 & no?+ c take f !m t beauty ( dang]4 ,b !re is only "o way ( really gu>d+ ourselves aga9/ ! excessive dang] ( !m1 & t is to be /eep$ 9 philosophy & soak$ 9 religion4 ,briefly1 !n1 we dismiss ! two opposite dang]s ( bigotry & fanaticism1 bigotry :i* is a too great vagu5ess & fanaticism :i* is a too great conc5tration4 ,we say t ! cure = ! bigot is belief2 we say t ! cure = ! ideali/ is ideas4 ,to "k ! be/ !ories ( exi/5ce & to *oose ! be/ f !m 7t is1 to ! be/ ( our own /rong conviction7 appe>s to u ! prop] way to be nei!r bigot nor fanatic1 b some?+ m firm ?an a bigot & m t]rible ?an a fanatic1 a man ) a def9ite op9ion4 ,b t def9ite op9ion mu/ 9 ?is view beg9 ) ! basic matt]s ( human ?\ght1 & ^! mu/ n be dismiss$ z irrelevant1 z religion1 = in/ance1 is too (t5 9 our days dismiss$ z irrelevant4 ,ev5 if we ?9k religion insoluble1 we _c ?9k x irrelevant4 ,ev5 if we ourselves h no view ( ! ultimate v]ities1 we mu/ feel t :]ev] su* a view exi/s 9 a man x mu/ be m important ?an any?+ else 9 him4 ,! in/ant t ! ?+ ceases to be ! unkn[able1 x becomes ! indisp5sable4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 ,i ?9k1 t ! idea does exi/ 9 our "t t !re is some?+ n>r[ or irrelevant or ev5 mean ab\t attack+ a man's religion1 or argu+ f x 9 matt]s ( politics or e?ics4 ,!re c be q z little d\bt t su* an accusation ( n>r[ness is itself almo/ grotesquely n>r[4 ,to take an example f comp>atively curr5t ev5ts3 we all "k t x 0 n uncommon = a man to be consid]$ a sc>ecr[ ( bigotry & obscurantism because he di/ru/$ ! ,japanese1 or lam5t$ ! rise ( ! ,japanese1 on ! gr\nd t ! ,japanese 7 ,pagans4 ,nobody w\ld ?9k t !re 0 any?+ antiquat$ or fanatical ab\t di/ru/+ a p because ( "s diff]5ce betwe5 !m & u 9 practice or political ma*9]y4 ,nobody w\ld ?9k x bigot$ to say ( a p1 8,i di/ru/ _! influ5ce because !y are ,protectioni/s40 ,no "o w\ld ?9k x n>r[ to say1 8,i lam5t _! rise because !y are ,sociali/s1 or ,man*e/] ,individuali/s1 or /rong believ]s 9 milit>ism & conscription40 ,a diff]5ce ( op9ion ab\t ! nature ( ,p>liam5ts matt]s v mu*2 b a diff]5ce ( op9ion ab\t ! nature ( s9 does n matt] at all4 ,a diff]5ce ( op9ion ab\t ! object ( taxation matt]s v mu*2 b a diff]5ce ( op9ion ab\t ! object ( human exi/5ce does n matt] at all4 ,we h a "r to di/ru/ a man :o is 9 a diff]5t k9d ( municipality2 b we h no "r to mi/ru/ a man :o is 9 a diff]5t k9d ( cosmos4 ,?is sort ( enlight5m5t is surely ab\t ! mo/ un5light5$ t x is possible to imag9e4 ,to recur to ! phrase :i* ,i employ$ e>li]1 ?is is tantam\nt to say+ t ev]y?+ is important ) ! exception ( ev]y?+4 ,religion is exactly ! ?+ :i* _c be left out--because x includes ev]y?+4 ,! mo/ abs5t-m9d$ p]son _c well pack 8 ,glad/one-bag & leave out ! bag4 ,we h a g5]al view ( exi/5ce1 :e!r we l x or n2 x alt]s or1 to speak m accurately1 x creates & involves ev]y?+ we say or d1 :e!r we l x or n4 ,if we reg>d ! ,cosmos z a dream1 we reg>d ! ,fiscal ,"q z a dream4 ,if we reg>d ! ,cosmos z a joke1 we reg>d ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral z a joke4 ,if ev]y?+ is bad1 !n we mu/ believe 7if x be possible7 t be] is bad2 if ev]y?+ be good1 we are =c$ to ! r fanta/ic conclusion t sci5tific philan?ropy is good4 ,e man 9 ! /reet mu/ hold a metaphysical sy/em1 & hold x firmly4 ,! possibility is t he may h held x s firmly & s long z to h =gott5 all ab\t its exi/5ce4 ,?is latt] situation is c]ta9ly possible2 9 fact1 x is ! situation ( ! :ole mod]n _w4 ,! mod]n _w is fill$ ) m5 :o hold dogmas s /rongly t !y d n ev5 "k t !y are dogmas4 ,x may be said ev5 t ! mod]n _w1 z a corporate body1 holds c]ta9 dogmas s /rongly t x does n "k t !y are dogmas4 ,x may be ?\ght 8dogmatic10 = in/ance1 9 "s circles acc\nt$ progressive1 to assume ! p]fection or improvem5t ( man 9 ano!r _w4 ,b x is n ?\ght 8dogmatic0 to assume ! p]fection or improvem5t ( man 9 ?is _w2 ?\gh t idea ( progress is q z unprov$ z ! idea ( immortality1 & f a rationali/ic po9t ( view q z improbable4 ,progress happ5s to be "o ( our dogmas1 & a dogma means a ?+ :i* is n ?\ght dogmatic4 ,or1 aga91 we see no?+ 8dogmatic0 9 ! inspir+1 b c]ta9ly mo/ />tl+1 !ory ( physical sci5ce1 t we %\ld collect facts = ! sake ( facts1 ev5 ?\gh !y seem z useless z /icks & /raws4 ,?is is a great & sugge/ive idea1 & its utility may1 if y w1 be prov+ itself1 b its utility is1 9 ! ab/ract1 q z disputable z ! utility ( t call+ on oracles or consult+ %r9es :i* is also said to prove itself4 ,?us1 because we are n 9 a civilization :i* believes /rongly 9 oracles or sacr$ places1 we see ! full fr5zy ( ^? :o kill$ !mselves to f9d ! sepul*re ( ,*ri/4 ,b be+ 9 a civilization :i* does believe 9 ?is dogma ( fact = facts' sake1 we d n see ! full fr5zy ( ^? :o kill !mselves to f9d ! ,nor? ,pole4 ,i am n speak+ ( a t5able ultimate utility :i* is true bo? ( ! ,crusades & ! pol> explorations4 ,i mean m]ely t we d see ! sup]ficial & ae/hetic s+ul>ity1 ! />tl+ quality1 ab\t ! idea ( m5 cross+ a cont95t ) armies to conqu] ! place :]e a man di$4 ,b we d n see ! ae/hetic s+ul>ity & />tl+ quality ( m5 dy+ 9 agonies to f9d a place :]e no man c live--a place only int]e/+ because x is suppos$ to be ! meet+-place ( "s l9es t d n exi/4 ,let u1 !n1 g ^u a long j\rney & ent] on a dreadful se>*4 ,let u1 at lea/1 dig & seek till we h discov]$ our own op9ions4 ,! dogmas we really hold are f> m fanta/ic1 &1 p]haps1 f> m beautiful ?an we ?9k4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ^! essays ,i fe> t ,i h spok5 f "t to "t ( rationali/s & rationalism1 & t 9 a disp>ag+ s5se4 ,be+ full ( t k9dl9ess :i* %\ld come at ! end ( ev]y?+1 ev5 ( a book1 ,i apologize to ! rationali/s ev5 = call+ !m rationali/s4 ,!re are no rationali/s4 ,we all believe fairy-tales1 & live 9 !m4 ,"s1 ) a sumptu\s lit]>y turn1 believe 9 ! exi/5ce ( ! lady clo!d ) ! sun4 ,"s1 ) a m ru/ic1 elvi% in/9ct1 l ,mr4 ,mc,cabe1 believe m]ely 9 ! impossible sun itself4 ,"s hold ! undemon/rable dogma ( ! exi/5ce ( ,god2 "s ! equally undemon/rable dogma ( ! exi/5ce ( ! man next door4 ,tru?s turn into dogmas ! in/ant t !y are disput$4 ,?us e man :o utt]s a d\bt def9es a religion4 ,& ! scepticism ( our "t does n really de/roy ! beliefs1 r x creates !m2 gives !m _! limits & _! pla9 & defiant %ape4 ,we :o are ,lib]als once held ,lib]alism lightly z a truism4 ,n[ x has be5 disput$1 & we hold x fi]cely z a fai?4 ,we :o believe 9 patriotism once ?\ght patriotism to be reasonable1 & ?\ght little m ab\t x4 ,n[ we "k x to be unreasonable1 & "k x to be "r4 ,we :o are ,*ri/ians nev] knew ! great philosophic common s5se :i* inh]es 9 t my/]y until ! anti-,*ri/ian writ]s po9t$ x out to u4 ,! great m>* ( m5tal de/ruction w g on4 ,ev]y?+ w be d5i$4 ,ev]y?+ w become a cre$4 ,x is a reasonable position to d5y ! /ones 9 ! /reet2 x w be a religi\s dogma to ass]t !m4 ,x is a rational !sis t we are all 9 a dream2 x w be a my/ical sanity to say t we are all awake4 ,fires w be k9dl$ to te/ify t two & two make f\r4 ,swords w be drawn to prove t leaves are gre5 9 summ]4 ,we %all be left def5d+1 n only ! incr$ible virtues & sanities ( human life1 b some?+ m incr$ible /ill1 ?is huge impossible univ]se :i* />es u 9 ! face4 ,we %all fight = visible prodigies z if !y 7 invisible4 ,we %all look on ! impossible grass & ! skies ) a /range c\rage4 ,we %all be ( ^? :o h se5 & yet h believ$4 ,,! ,,end