,,gospel ,,philosophy1 ,,%[+ ,,! ,,absurdities ,,( ,,infidelity1 ,,& ,,! ,,h>mony ,,( ,,! ,,gospel ,,) ,,sci5ce ,,& ,,hi/ory 99 99 99 99 99 ,,by ,,eld] ,j4 ,h ,,w>d 99 99 99 99 99 ,,illu/rat$ ,,) ,,num]\s ,,engrav+s1 99 99 99 99 99 ,salt ,lake ,city1 ,utah3 ,publi%$ at ! ,juv5ile ,in/ructor ,(fice1 #ahhd4 ,ent]$1 accord+ to act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahhd1 by ,j4 ,h4 ,w>d1 9 ! (fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress at ,wa%+ton4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,preface4 ,sect>ians g5]ally dread meet+ a ,mormon ,eld] 9 discussion1 = !y well "k ! humiliat+ defeat :i* has be5 ! result to _! compe]s 9 hundr$s ( in/ances4 ,b !re is ano!r class ( p]sons :o (t5 br+ =midable-look+ argum5ts aga9/ ! tru?s ( ! gospel4 ,?is class is compos$ frequ5tly ( p]sons ( consid]able le>n+1 rese>* & intellig5ce4 ,!y h long ago become disgu/$ ) ! absurdities ( s-call$ ,*ri/ianity2 & are n sl[ 9 %[+ ! disagreem5t ( sect>ian dogmas ) ! tea*+s ( ! ,bible1 or contra/+ ! ,bible ) suppos$ sci5ce4 ,9 "s in/ances1 o!rwise valuable sci5tific works are m>r$ by sne]s at ! books ( inspiration4 ,9 ?is age ( e>ne/ ?\ght & rese>* into all bran*es ( k1 _m ( ^! works fall into ! h&s ( ! "y & h5ce ! gr[? ( skepticism 9 ! m9ds ( _m4 ,_m ( ! facts conta9$ 9 ?is "w h be5 collect$ f1 & ref]5ces made to l>g] works n easily accessible to ! g5]al read]4 ,a l>ge numb] ( ! illu/rations h be5 design$ expressly = ?is "w1 & engrav$ by ,bro!r ,john ,held1 ( ,salt ,lake ,city4 ,to ga!r into a small compass ! lead+ argum5ts ( infidel writ]s1 & to refute !m by well-kn[n facts2 to %[ ! cause ( ! conflict betwe5 sci5ce & religion2 & to h>monize true sci5ce ) ! tea*+s ( ,god's ^w1 has be5 ! design 9 writ+ ?is little "w4 ,t 9 its p]usal ! "y may f9d _! fai? /r5g!n$ 9 ! pr9ciples ( ! gospel2 ?\ghtful m9ds f9d food = reflection1 & ! mission>y ,eld] a valuable book ( ref]5ce1 is ! e>ne/ wi% ( ,! ,au?or4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] #a--;,,absurdities ,,( ,,infidelity ,,*apt] #b--;,,causes ,,( ,,! ,,suppos$ ,,conflict ,,betwe5 ,,sci5ce ,,& ,,religion ,,*apt] #c--;,,fallacies ,,( ,,sci5ti/s ,,*apt] #d--;,,did ,,! ,,_w ,,make ,,itself8 ,,*apt] #e--,,our ,,ne$ ,,( ,,revelation ,,*apt] #f--,,validity ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,z ,,%[n ,,by ,,int]nal ,,evid5ce ,,*apt] #g--,,new ,,te/am5t ,,facts ,,corroborat$ ,,by ,,secul> ,,writ]s ,,*apt] #h--;,,hi/orical ,,glimpses ,,( ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,times ,,*apt] #i--;,,fulfillm5t ,,( ,,prophecy ,,*apt] #aj--;,,infidel ,,objections ,,consid]$ ,,*apt] #aa--,,moses ,,& ,,mod]n ,,sci5ce ,,*apt] #ab--;,,h>mony ,,( ,,g5esis ,,& ,,geology ,,*apt] #ac--,,sci5tific ,,pro(s ,,( ,,spiritual ,,life ,,*apt] #ad--;,,fai? ,,& ,,infidelity ,,contra/$ 99 99 99 99 99 ,,index ,anci5t ,sci5ti/s #bb1 #afd ,absurdities ( ,spiritualism #ai ,anae/hetics ,discov]$ #ce ,a/ronomy n ,exact #ci ,apo/les1 _! ,"* #abb1 #abe ,atmosph]e1 ,condition ( ,e>ly #agi ,auro*s n yet ,ext9ct #ahh ,b5efits ( ,romanism #bc ,brahm9ism #af ,bruno #bi ,buffon's ,!ory ( ,creation #fe ,babylon1 ,prophecies ,conc]n+ #acf1aci ,books ( ,new ,te/am5t #ig ,burial ,place 9 ,catacombs #abh ,bird1 ,e>lie/ yet ,f\nd #aif ,bird-,l ,reptile #aia ,b>k f ,coal ,m9e #ahb ,catacombs #abg1 #abi ,calv9's ,bigotry #bi1 #ca ,con/ant9e1 ,"* ( #ic ,cosmas1 ,philosophy ( #bg ,cop]nicus #bi ,causes ( ,infidelity #ce1 #cf ,c>lyle's ,absurdities #gg ,compte's ,absurdities #hc ,*e/]field's ,lett]s #hd ,co9 ,f\nd at ,philippi #hi ,celsus1 ,8 ,writ+s #ie ,cru/ ( ! ,e>? #dc ,comets #aee1 #aef ,correspond5ce ( ,pa9e #hd ,*alk ,magnifi$ #aid ,climate ( ,coal ,p]iod #ahd1 #aih ,"* ( ,hea!n ,gods #ha ,disagreem5t ( ,sci5ti/s #ac1 #dg ,dead ,sea #gj ,disp]sion ( ,jews #aag ,deluge1 ,sci5tific ,!ory ( #aed ,d9ornis1 ,skeleton ( #ahi ,developm5t ( ,species #ahh ,eye1 ,section ( ,human #eh ,errors 9 ,a/ronomy #ci ,egypt1 ,pres5t ,/ate ( #adb ,errors ( ,romanism #be1 #bf ,e>ly ,vegetation #ahb ,ext9ct ,birds #ahh1 #ahi ,ess5tial ,conditions ( ,life #bje ,fire-,mi/1 ,!ory ( #fd ,=e/ ( ,coal ,p]iod #ahe ,faculties ( ! ,m9d #bjg ,galileo #cj ,geology ,unc]ta9 #da1 #de ,giant ,cities ( ,ba%an #gd ,gibbon's ,te/imony #ic ,great ,m5 ,believ]s #bab ,humboldt #cc ,hea!n ,philosophy #gi ,hea!n ,morals #hj ,human ,eye #eh ,heat & ,motion #agh1 #agi ,huxley's ,embryotic ,!ory #aij ,illum9ation ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce #agf ,influ5ce ( ,judaism #aai ,j5n]'s ,discov]ies #ce ,jugg]naut #hb1 #hc ,lu!r's ,sup]/ition #cb ,light1 ,velocity ( #aef ,v>i\s ,s\rces ( #age ,)\t ,sun%9e #afe1 #aff ,f ! ,e>? #age1 #agf ,m>cion1 ! ,apo/ate #if ,milky ,way #aeg ,mod]n ,prophecy #adi1 #aej ,mon/]s1 ,primeval #aih ,man's ,n]v\s ,sy/em #bjh ,newman's ,absurdities #gg ,new ,te/am5t ,books #ig ,nature 9 ,cont9ual ,*ange #afg ,ocean1 ,primeval #agh ,olb]s1 ,!ory ( #fg ,plesiosaurius #aig ,prote/ant ,bigotry #cc ,p>k]'s ,absurdities #gg1 #gh ,plato's ,code ( ,laws #hj ,pa9e1 8 ,"* & ,writ+s #hd ,paul1 ! ,apo/le #ajb1 #abb ,pl9y's ,lett]s #aji ,p]sonal ,appe>ance ( ! ,savior #aaf ,prophetic ,symbols #acd ,prophecy ,conc]n+ ,judea #add ,egypt #adb1 #adc ,babylon #ach ,protoplasm #bjd ,rosetta ,/one #ag ,revelation ,progressive #gb ,religion ( ,india #ae1 #hb ,r+s ( ,saturn #aec1 #aed ,reptilian ,bird #aib ,s]vetus ,burn$ #ca ,_s ,controls ,protoplasm #bje ,simpson1 ,james ,y4 #ce ,section ( ,e>?'s ,cru/ #dc ( ,human ,eye #eh ,sol> ,sy/em #ff ,solomon's ,k #gc ,saturn #aec ,/>s ,v>iable #afg ,sun ,spots #agc ,sun ,inhabitable #agd ,sun's ,atmosph]e #agb ,sp5c]'s ,philosophy #bjf ,t]tulian's ,writ+s #ajd ,te/imony ( ,tacitus #ajf ,trajan's ,lett] #aaa ,temple ( ,belus #acg ,univ]se1 ,ext5t ( #ee1 #aeh ,u9tah ,m\nta9s1 ,section ( #ed ,wor%ip ( ,jugg]naut #hb ,we/]n ,cont95t ,upheav$ #aii 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,absurdities ,,( ,,infidelity4 ,,! ,,pres5t ,,an ,,e>ne/ ,,age--,,an ,,e>ne/ ,,religion ,,requir$--,,"y ,,m5 ,,liable ,,to ,,skepticism--,,lit]>y ,,fops--,,sci5ti/s ,,d ,,n ,,agree--,,te/imony ,,( ,,socrates ,,& ,,plato--,,absurdities ,,( ,,brahm9ism--,,attempts ,,( ,,fr5* ,,infidels--,,rosetta ,,/one-,,mod]n ,,spiritualism4 ,! gospel is truly a gr& sy/em4 ,let u try to ent]ta9 "r views conc]n+ x4 ,let u enl>ge our m9ds to grasp x1 t we may1 to "s ext5t at lea/1 conceive its greatness & appreciate its beauties4 ,! peculi> wants ( ! age 9 :i* we live are wor?y ( deep & c>eful consid]ation4 ,nev] 0 !re a "t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! race1 :5 le>n+ & g5]al intellig5ce 7 s well diffus$ z at ! pres5t4 ,! press is ?r[+ (f cont9ually its millions ( pr9t$ pages1 :i* are scatt]$ broadca/ z ! leaves ( ,autumn4 ,books on almo/ e conceivable subject c be *eaply b\ght2 & j\rnals1 #aj magaz9es & pamphlets1 bo? ( a good & evil influ5ce1 attract ! att5tion ( ! "y4 ,nev] 0 !re a "t ( m int5se activity4 ,:o c pass ?r\gh ! cr[d$ /reets ( our cities1 li/5 to ! ?robb+s ( ! /eam-eng9e1 ! hum ( ma*9]y1 ! appliances ( electricity1 gaze at ! va/ tra9s t are driv5 ) fire & vapor along our railways1 or view ^? magnific5t /ructures t cross ! mighty deep1 )\t feel+ t ?is is an e>ne/ age8 ,n[1 ?is e>ne/1 active1 ?9k+ age dem&s a religion t has life & p[] 9 x4 ,n a religion ( cold =mality & n>r[ sect>ianism1 b a religion t w satisfy ! intellect ) its tru?s1 t\* ! he>t ) its love1 sway ! w ) its p]suasiv5ess1 gratify ! ta/e ) its beauties & fill ! imag9ation ) its sublimities4 ,a religion is want$ t w enli/ ^u its side ! :ole nature ( man1 & comm& 8 will+ & devot$ homage2 a religion t1 be>+ ! full impress ( its ,au?or's image1 %all c>ry its own cr$5tials ) x2 & :i*1 clo!d ) all ! elem5ts ( tru? & righte\sness1 beauty & gr&eur ( love & p[]1 %all be rev]$ by all ^? :o love ! tru?1 & dread$ by all :o love x n4 ,?is is ! religion t ! gospel reveals4 ,!re is no antagonism betwe5 philosophy & fai?1 betwe5 sci5ce & religion1 :atev] ! seem+ oppositions ( ! pres5t2 9 reality x is p]fect h>mony4 ,! gospel ov]:elms1 nay1 r1 includes all philosophy4 #aa ,9 ! life ( _m "y m5 !re is a p]iod ( skepticism4 ,!n ! "y man is extremely liable to d\bt4 ,!n he que/ions all 8 previ\s convictions1 *all5ges all 8 accept$ op9ions1 & is 9 dang] ( drift+ aimlessly on ! wide toss+ sea ( unbelief1 ! sport ( e w9d ( doctr9e1 ! easy prey ( e !ory conceiv$ by ! +5i\s bra9 ( man4 ,at ?is p]iod 8 fai? 9 ,god & man is liable to be swept away ?r\gh a misconception ( ! real tea*+s ( sci5ce1 & ! example ( ^? :o seek to excuse _! wick$ lives "u ! speci\s plea ( unbelief4 ,?is p]iod ( skeptical t5d5cy comes e>ly 9 life1 frequ5tly :5 ! "y man is 9 college or 9 ! s*ools ( sci5ce1 :5 he beg9s to ?9k & act = himself4 ,x is intellig5t1 e>ne/ "y m5 ( bra9s & capacity :o are 9 special dang] f ! skepticism ( ! age4 ,_m ( ^! "y m5 h be5 tra9$ 9 ! ,sabba? s*ool1 b at n9ete5 or tw5ty a *ange comes ov] !m4 ,!y feel ! /r5g? & vigor ( awak5+ manhood1 & t impati5ce ( au?ority :i* is *>act]i/ic ( "y m5 9 ?is =mative p]iod ( life4 ,a "y man he>s ( m5 ( le>n+ :o reject religion2 he reads n[ & !n a magaz9e full ( d\bts & ins9uations1 & he beg9s to feel t all 8 belief is simply ! result ( 8 education1 & t "u o!r circum/ances he might h be5 a ,confucian1 a ,buddhi/ or a ,mahometan4 ,p]haps he meets ) a tol]ably educat$ b skeptical #ab fri5d1 :o tells him 9 effect t religion is a fraud1 t ! ,bible is a v good book1 to be sure1 b de/itute ( div9e au?ority4 ,he tells him1 9 a ^w1 t ^! ?+s may d = wom5 & *ildr5 to believe1 b z = himself1 he has put away all su* belief along ) 8 *ildi% toys4 ,our "y man li/5s to all ?is flippant nons5se ) it*+ e>s1 until1 at l5g?1 he pret5ds to believe ! _w 0 made by *ance1 is gov]n$ by *ance & all ?+s t exi/ are only ! effects ( *ance4 ,b !re is a comical side to ?is "q1 z well z to _m o!rs4 ,pr(4 ,agassiz wisely obs]ves t1 m5 frequ5tly talk v le>n$ly ( :at !y "k b v little2 & ,i "k ( no?+ m irresi/ibly ludicr\s ?an to see "o ( ^! s-call$ sci5tific skeptics1 :o sc>cely kn[s ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! leg ( a wasp & ! horn ( a beetle1 & yet w assume to patronize ! ,almighty & talk ab\t progress & culture z ?\gh he 0 ! mo/ rem>kable prodigy ( ! age 9 :i* he lives4 ,x is en\gh to disgu/ an hone/ man1 to see "s ( ^! lit]>y fops go+ along ) ,d>w9's works "u "o arm & a case ( transfix$ gras%opp]s & butt]flies "u ! o!r1 talk+ ab\t ,huxley's protoplasm & natural selection1 & nebul> hypo!sis1 & biog5sis1 & abig5sis1 all ! :ile lisp+ ) an ex?qui?it li?p1 & indicat+ by ^w1 tone & ge/ure t all :o diss5t f _! op9ions #ac are grossly ignorant & sc>cely wor?y ( _! notice4 ,b ! greate/ joke is t ! sci5ti/s :i* !y s mu* admire d n agree4 ,d>w9 is *>g+ at ,lam>*1 ,walace spe>+ ,cope1 & ,h]s*el d5\nc+ ,f]guson4 ,h[ _m colors 9 a ray ( sun-light8 ,sev51 says ,newton2 only ?ree1 says ,david ,brew/]4 ,h[ high above ! e>? is ! ,aurora ,borealis1 or ,nor!rn ,light8 ,two & a half miles1 says ,pr(4 ,lias2 "o hundr$ & sixty-five1 says ,pr(4 ,tumm+4 ,la ,place says ! moon 0 n put 9 ! "r place1 x %\ld h be5 f\r times z f> away2 :ile ,pr(4 ,lionville comes up j 9 "t & gives u ! wond]ful in=mation 787 t ! ,creator 0 acqua9t$ ) ,8 bus9ess & fix$ x exactly "r4 ,h[ f> is ! sun f ! e>?8 ,less ?an a million miles1 says ,zadkiel2 sev5ty-six millions ( miles1 says ,la ,caille2 eighty-two millions1 says ,humboldt2 n9ety millions1 says ,h5d]son2 "o hundr$ & f\r millions1 says ,may]4 ,only a slight diff]5ce ( "o hundr$ & ?ree millions ( miles1 or a good deal f>!r ?an a p]son c\ld travel1 at ! rate ( fifty miles p] h\r1 dur+ ! next two c5turies1 if he c\ld live t long4 ,& yet1 amid/ all ?is confusion & contradiction1 we are coolly ask$ to give up ! words ( inspiration & hang our hopes ( ! future on ! mis]able vag>ies ( self-contradict+ philosoph]s4 ,ano!r v ludicr\s z well z amus+ in/ance #ad ( ! folly ( infidelity is ! fact t skeptics w cat* at almo/ any?+ ^u :i* to hang _! fai?4 ,all ar\nd u1 9 e grade ( society1 are to be f\nd m5 :o w tell u t ! ,v$as & ,%a/]s ( ! ,h9doos are f> m tru/wor?y ?an ! writ+s ( ,moses1 ,isaiah1 ,paul1 ,nephi or ,joseph4 ,!y w tell u :at sublime philosoph]s ,brahma & ,confucius 71 :ile1 at ! same "t1 !y h nev] read a ^w ( _! doctr9es1 or ev5 se5 a volume ( _! works4 ,all !y "k is :at "s o!r tru?-hat+ infidel has told !m4 ,b = ! sake ( argum5t let u glance at "s ( ^! wond]ful writ+s4 ,socrates1 "o ( ! greate/ ( hea!n philosoph]s1 admits1 ,we mu/ ( necessity wait till "s "o f ,him1 :o c>e? = u1 %all come & in/ruct u h[ to behave t[>d ,god & t[>d man4 ,plato decl>es1 ,we _c "k ( ourselves :at w be pleas+ to ,god2 x is necess>y t a law-giv] %\ld be s5t f heav5 to in/ruct u4 ,& he fur!r adds1 ,oh1 h[ greatly d ,i long to see t man6 7,plato's ,republic1 ,book iv & vi47 ,:o has n felt sad at ! dy+ words ( ,socrates1 ,i am go+ out ( ! _w & y are to cont9ue 9 x1 b :i* ( u has ! bett] "p is a secret to all b ,god4 ,nor is ! philosophy ( ,india any bett]4 ,a few ye>s ago1 :51 ?r\gh ! labors ( ,ori5tal s*ol>s1 ! ,v$as & ,%a/]s ( ! ,h9doos 7 translat$ & pr9t$ 9 ,european languages1 a great %\t w5t #ae up f ! army ( infidels4 ,"h1 said !y1 is ! true *ronology4 ,h5ce=? ! ,jewi% records mu/ hide _! heads4 ,accord+ly ! ,%a/]s 71 = a "t1 9 high repute among ^? :o knew v little ab\t !m4 ,n[1 :5 we rememb] t ^! mu*-vaunt$ hi/ories pr(ess to rea* back ?r\gh ma-ha-yugs or epo*s ( #d1cbj1jjj ( our ye>s1 t a ?\s& ( ^! epo*s makes a kalpa or "o day ( ! life ( ,brahma--! nights be+ ( ! same duration--& t 8 life consi/s ( "o hundr$ ye>s ( su* days & nights1 we c easily see ! absurdity ( ^! hi/ories4 ,9 ^! works are also ! records ( ! sev5 great cont95ts ( ! _w1 sep>at$ by sev5 riv]s & sev5 *a9s ( m\nta9s1 f\r hundr$ ?\s& miles high1 & ! hi/ory ( ! families ( _! k+s1 "o ( :om _h t5 ?\s& sons1 ano!r sixty ?\s& :o 7 born 9 a pumpk91 n\ri%$ 9 pans ( milk1 r$uc$ to a%es by ! curse ( a demon & re/or$ to life by ! wat]s ( ! ,ganges4 ,^! records give /atem5ts ( wond]ful eclipses1 comets & deluges1 sev5 ( :i* cov]$ ! e>?1 n m]ely to ! top ( ^! wond]fully high m\nta9s1 b ev5 rea*+ to ! pol> />4 ,yet infidels h ! assurance to quote ^! z /&>d works ( und\bt$ au?ority1 & wor?y ( ! cr$5ce ( intellig5t be+s4 7,duff's ,india1 page #abg47 ,nor are ! promises ( ! future life any less absurd ?an ! =ego+4 ,tell me1 said a #af weal?y ,h9doo1 :o _h giv5 all 8 weal? to ! ,brahm9s :o surr\nd$ 8 dy+ b$1 t he might obta9 a p>don ( 8 s9s1 :at %all become ( my s\l :5 ,i die8 ,! prie/ repli$1 ,y\r s\l w g into ! body ( a holy c[4 ,& aft] t8 he ask$ aga94 ,x w pass into ! body ( a div9e peacock4 ,& aft] t8 ,x w pass into a fl[]4 ,:]e1 ,o1 :]e w x g la/ ( all8 cri$ ! dy+ man4 ,:]e w x g la/ ( all8 ,ah6 t is ! "q4 ,:ile ,briti% infidels 7 admir+ ! sacr$ writ+s ( ! ,h9doos1 & hold+ !m up be=e ! _w z sup]ior to ! ^w ( ,god1 ,fr5* skeptics 7 busy 9 a simil> employm5t4 ,:5 ,napoleon invad$ ,egypt1 9 #agih1 he took ) him a l>ge corps ( sci5tific m54 ,9 ! ceil+ ( a temple at ,d5d]a1 9 ,upp] ,egypt1 "s ( ^! sci5ti/s discov]$ a /one1 tablet cov]$ ) /range *>act]s4 ,^! *>act]s1 x 0 conclud$1 7 a repres5tation ( ! relative positions ( ! sun1 moon & />s at ! "t ! temple 0 built2 &1 calculat+ backw>ds1 x 0 f\nd t ?is c\ld n be less ?an sev5te5 ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,?is tablet 0 tak5 f ! ceil+ ( ! temple & c>ri$ away to ,france1 & plac$ 9 ! national libr>y 9 ,p>is4 ,hundr$s ( ?\s&s came to see ! ant$iluvian monum5t1 & infidel comm5tators 7 nev] want+ to in=m !m t ?is rem>kable /one prov$ ! :ole ,bible to be a s]ies ( lies4 ,"o ( ! discov]]s1 aft]w>ds #ag a pr(essor 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,breslau1 publi%$ a pamphlet1 entitl$1 ,inv9cible pro( t ! e>? is at lea/ t5 times old] ?an is taught by ! ,bible4 ,dur+ ! next ?irty ye>s1 scores ( su* publications foll[$2 & ! base sl&] receiv$ _m additions & improvem5ts1 until x 0 a common say+ t ?is /one prov$ t ! prie/s ( ,egypt 7 c>v+ a/ronomy on _! pyramids t5 ?\s& ye>s be=e ,adam 0 born4 ,x did n %ake _! cr$ulity 9 ! lea/1 t no two ( _! wise m5 7 agre$ by "s ?\s&s ( ye>s1 h[ old ! /one 0--t no "o ev5 knew ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ! ,egyptian sy/em ( a/ronomy1 & t none ( !m c\ld read ! hi]oglyphics4 ,b1 9 #ahcb1 ! curi\s ,egyptian a/ronomy 0 /udi$1 & x !n appe>$ t ?is object1 :i* _h caus$ s mu* commotion1 0 simply a cal5d> /one to aid 9 ! measurem5t ( "t2 & t ! positions ( ! sun1 moon & />s 7 s plac$ to enable common obs]v]s to asc]ta9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ye>4 ,at l5g?1 by means ( ! ,rosetta ,/one--:i* furni%$ a key to ^! hi]oglyphics--,*ampolion & o!rs le>n$ to read ! inscriptions on ,egyptian monum5ts4 ,,illu/ration3 ,rosetta ,/one1 %[+ pres5t & orig9al =m1 & specim5s ( ,greek1 ,coptic & ,hi]oglyphic *>act]s4 ,! ,rosetta ,/one 0 discov]$ by ! ,fr5*1 9 #agii1 at ,rosetta1 ,egypt4 ,:5 9 a p]fect condition x 0 a tablet ( black basalt1 ?ree feet high1 two feet five in*es wide1 & t5 in*es ?ick4 ,! inscription 0 9 ?ree languages3 #ah ,coptic1 ,greek & anci5t ,egyptian hi]oglyphics4 ,on ! publication ( ! inscriptions x 0 f\nd t !y 7 ! key to ! hi]oglyphic *>act]s4 ,x 0 !n discov]$ t ! names ( ,v5us1 ,m>s1 ,jupit] & ,saturn1 7 engrav$ on ! /one1 z well z ! names ( ! ,roman emp]ors ,tib]ius1 ,claudius1 ,n]o & ,domitian4 ,! inscriptions reveal$ ! fact t !y _h no ref]5ce to e>ly ,egyptian hi/ory4 ,! edifice 9 :i* ! fir/-m5tion$ /one 0 f\nd 0 #ai simply a hea!n ,roman temple1 built betwe5 ! f\rte5? & eighty-fir/ ye>s ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,ev5 at ! pres5t "t1 9 ! noon-day ( mod]n sci5ce & s-call$ civilization1 a/rolog]s1 m$iums1 clairvoyants & =tune-tell]s by ! hundr$ f9d a pr(itable bus9ess among ^? :o consid] !mselves too le>n$1 wise & progressive to believe 9 ! ^w ( ,god4 ,"o infidel lectur] ev5 adv]tises t he w reveal to y ! secrets ( ! future & cure y ( any disease y may h1 if y w only enclose 9 a lett] a few hairs tak5 f y\r "r temple &--&--a--t5 doll> bill4 ,conc]n+ ! future life1 infidels h e v>iety ( oracles1 conjectures & suppositions2 b = _! guesses !y h no pro(4 ,! only ?+ ^u :i* !y seem agre$ is 9 d5y+ ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,accord+ to _! ideas1 a poor1 nak$1 %iv]+1 table-rapp+ _s1 oblig$ to fly ov] ! _w at ! sigh ( any bra9less fop or silly1 s5tim5tal girl1 or ! bidd+ ( "s braz5-fac$ /rumpet1 is all t ev] %all exi/ ( all ! great & good m5 & wom5 t h liv$ ^u ! e>?4 ,to su* wild unreason does ! m9d ( man desc5d :5 x rejects ! gospel1 = only ?r\gh x life & immortality are br\ght to light4 ,a ye> or two s9ce1 ! lead] ( ,am]ican infidels1 ,rob]t ,+]sol1 0 call$ to deliv] a fun]al oration ov] ! body ( 8 bro!r4 ,9 t %ort disc\rse !re 7 _m beautiful s5tim5ts3 #bj b ?r\gh x all1 z ?r\gh a transp>5t glass1 0 %[n ! ne$1 :i* ev5 ,+]sol felt1 ( div9e revelation & div9e guidance4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,causes ,,( ,,! ,,suppos$ ,,conflict ,,betwe5 ,,sci5ce ,,& ,,religion4 ,,sci5ce ,,& ,,revelation ,,h>monize--,,want ,,( ,,revelation ,,! ,,cause ,,( ,,b>b>ism--,,b5efits ,,& ,,evils ,,( ,,romanism--,,conflict ,,conc]n+ ,,geography--,,philosophy ,,( ,,cosmas--,,/ruggles ,,( ,,cop]nicus--,,bruno --,,galileo--,,opposition ,,( ,,lu!r--,,s]vetus ,,burn$--,,prote/ant ,,bigotry--,,causes ,,( ,,infidelity4 ,tru? is ev] h>moni\s4 ,sci5ce & religion1 9 ! true s5se ( ! t]ms1 c nev] be 9 conflict ) ea* o!r4 ,! direct revelations ( ,god to man mu/ ev] agree ) ! results ( sci5tific inve/igation4 ,inv5tion & discov]y are b ! unfold+ ( ! laws1 attributes & objects ( nature to man's f9ite und]/&+--! action ( ! div9e w on ! m9ds ( m54 ,s1 :e!r man seeks = spiritual tru? ?r\gh ! revelations ( ,god1 or looks out ^u ! mat]ial _w & inve/igates ! work+ ( physical laws1 ! result mu/ be ! same4 ,a tru? reveal$ to ! s5sitive1 impulsive human #ba he>t to-day 9 its full play ( emotions & passions _c be at any real v>iance ) a tru? writt5 ^u a f>-(f planet roll+ 9 ! dep?s ( space1 or ^u a fossil ^: poor life ebb$ away ?\s&s ( ye>s ago4 ,yet1 /range to say1 a conflict has be5 go+ on = ye>s betwe5 "s /ud5ts ( sci5ce on "o side & ! devotees ( religion on ! o!r4 ,ne>ly all ! great & good m5 ( ! m$ieval or mod]n times h be5 engag$ on "o side or ! o!r1 & a h>d conte/ x has be54 ,! w> has be5 wag$ long]1 ! battles h be5 fi]c]1 ! sieges m p]si/5t1 ! diplomacy m f>-rea*+1 & ! rev5ge m deadly ?an ev] *>act]iz$ ! milit>y campaigns ( ,alex&]1 ,caes> or ,napoleon4 ,let u !n inquire into ! causes ( ?is conflict & try & und]/& some?+ conc]n+ x4 ,9 ! fir/ place we mu/ be c>eful n to und]rate sci5ce4 ,on e side we see its b5efic5t effects4 ,! food we eat1 ! clo!s we we>1 & ! h\ses we dwell 9 dep5d 9 a great measure ^u x = _! exi/5ce4 ,:5 we travel x is mo/ly by ! appliances ( sci5ce4 ,! books we read are manufactur$ by its aid4 ,x transmits our messages to & f our fri5ds1 & prep>es ! light t illum9ates our /reets & dwell+s4 ,x has contribut$ greatly to relieve human suff]+ & promote human happ9ess1 & to di/+ui% ! civiliz$ f ! savage races ( ! e>?4 ,& :at has religion done8 ,s long z x 0 #bb true & pure x 0 ! favor$ *ild ( heav54 ,:ile ! true *ur* exi/$ ^u ! e>?1 :e!r ,jewi% or ,*ri/ian1 we he> ( no conflict betwe5 its memb]s & ! /ud5ts ( sci5ce4 ,on ! o!r h& we f9d f _! writ+s t ,moses1 ,job1 ,david1 ,solomon & ,isaiah 7 ! lead+ sci5ti/s ( ! ages 9 :i* !y liv$4 ,!y und]/ood natural hi/ory1 ar*itecture1 sculpture1 poetry1 music1 botany1 & 9 a/ronomy !y made su* progress t _m ( ! con/ellations /ill reta9 ! names !y us$1 su* z ,orion1 ,pleaides1 etc4 7,see ,job xxxviii1 #ca2 ,amos v1 #h47 ,we read ( no conflict betwe5 ! tru?s ( sci5ce & ! tea*+s ( ,paul1 ?\gh he 0 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ m5 ( ! age 9 :i* he liv$4 ,on ! o!r h& ! disc\rse ( ,paul 9 ! c\rt ( ! ,areopagus1 0 ! complem5t or sequel ( ideas already held by ! mo/ celebrat$ ,grecian philosoph]s4 7,see ,acts xvii1 #ai-bc47 ,x 0 n till aft] ! great apo/asy1 :5 ! voice ( inspiration _h ceas$1 t ! great conflict comm5c$ betwe5 sci5ce & ! s-call$ ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,we %all bett] und]/& ?is fact1 :5 we recollect t f ! "t ( ! apo/les to ! n9? c5tury1 sci5ce1 lit]ature & philosophy 7 well nigh ext9ct4 ,no s*ools ( pa9t+ fl\ri%$1 no models 9 sculpture 7 design$1 no ord] ( ar*itecture arose1 no great poem 0 writt51 & no hi/ory compil$1 :i* h be5 deem$ wor?y to be transmitt$ to our times4 ,x #bc 0 only :5 ,european society came l>gely 9 contact ) ,jewi% & ,s>ac5 influ5ces dur+ ! w>s ( ! ,crusades & 9 contact ) ! ,jews & ,s>ac5s ( ,spa91 t any decid$ advances 7 made4 ,z if to m>k out to ! _w ! real cause ( its intellectual degradation1 ! reg5]ation ( ,italy comm5c$ ) ! bani%m5t ( ! popes to ,avignon4 ,_! exile cont9u$ m ?an sev5ty ye>s2 & dur+ _! abs5ce1 s rapid 0 ! social & intellectual progress t on _! return to ,rome1 !y f\nd x impossible to make any successful resi/ance1 or to re/ore ! old condition ( society4 ,yet ev5 9 h] apo/atiz$ condition ! ,ca?olic *ur* did mu* = ! amelioration ( society4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! f\r? c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 a cl\d ( m ?an ,cimm]ian d>kness ov]%ad[$ we/]n ,europe4 ,x 0 !n occupi$ by w&]+ savages4 ,! p]iod embrac$ 9 ! next ?\s& ye>s greatly improv$ its condition4 ,x 0 dur+ ?is p]iod t ! population 7 organiz$ into families1 communities & cities4 ,^? c5turies f\nd x full ( bondm5--!y left x )\t a slave4 ,:]e !re _h be5 trackless =e/s1 !re 7 n[ f>ms1 or*>ds & villages4 ,in/ead ( bloody *iefta9s dr9k+ out ( _! enemies' skulls1 !re 7 p>i% prie/s tea*+ ! masses ! crude beg9n+ ( religi\s ?\ght4 ,in/ead ( gladiatorial combats1 :i* *>act]iz$ anci5t ,roman civilization1 !re 7 #bd ?\ghtful m5 gravely pond]+ ! problems ( free ag5cy & moral responsibility4 ,envelop$ z %e 0 by ! evils ( ! times1 ! ,ca?olic *ur* gave rise to _m improvem5ts4 ,%e taught ! doctr9e ( an ultimate acc\ntability = p]sonal de$s1 ( :i* ! anci5t inhabitants ( ,europe _h v indi/9ct p]ceptions4 ,"u h] direction ! bro!rhood ( man 0 taught z x _h nev] be5 be=e1 & 0 illu/rat$1 n m]ely by individual acts ( *>ity1 ! memory ( :i* is soon =gott51 b also by ! e/abli%m5t ( p]man5t in/itutions1 su* z hospitals1 alms-h\ses1 s*ools & asylums = ! relief ( ! afflict$1 = ! spread ( k & ! succor+ ( ! oppress$4 ,_m ( h] high dignit>ies1 & ev5 popes1 7 m5 :o _h ris5 f ! humbl] ranks ( society4 ,^! m51 true to _! in/9cts1 7 (t5 ! *ampions ( "r aga9/ might4 ,9 an age ( tyranny1 ! v organization ( ! *ur* 0 ess5tially republican4 ,x ?us pav$ ! way = mod]n repres5tative gov]nm5ts1 & prep>$ ! m9ds ( m5 = _! introduction4 ,/ill x 0 n ov] nations & communities t ,rome %[$ h] *ief p[]1 b 9 h] control ( dome/ic & individual int]e/s4 ,hi/ory pres5ts no record l h]s4 ,h] pontiffs 9 ! quiet halls ( ! ,vatican c\ld equally take 9 a hemisph]e at a glance or exam9e ! private "* ( any individual4 ,0 !re a rebellion 9 ,spa98 ,h] ag5ts in=m$ h] ( #be x4 ,0 !re an obscure philosoph] 9 ,g]many writ+ d[n ! results ( 8 inve/igations8 ,%e also knew x4 ,:ile %e re/ra9$ ! p[] & tyranny ( k+s by h] influ5ce1 %e also reliev$ ! hungry begg> or w&]+ m9/rel at ! mona/]y gate4 ,9 all ,europe !re 0 n a man too obscure1 too insignificant or too desolate = h]4 ,surr\nd$ by h] solemnities e "o receiv$ 8 "n at h] alt>1 h] bells *im$ at 8 m>riage & h] knell toll$ at 8 fun]al4 ,by h] confessionals %e extort$ f him ! secrets ( 8 life1 & by h] p5ances %e puni%$ him = 8 faults4 ,9 ! h\r ( sickness & tr\ble h] s]vants s\ght him out1 tea*+ him to place 8 tru/ 9 ,god1 & /r5g!n+ him = ! trials ( life by ! example ( ! good & fai?ful ( =m] days4 ,& :5 at l5g? 8 lifeless body _h become an (f5se1 ev5 to 8 fri5ds1 %e receiv$ x into h] consecrat$ gr\nd1 !re to re/ till ! resurrection morn+4 ,%e rais$ woman f ne>ly ! condition ( a slave & made h] ! equal & fit companion ( man2 & 9 turn1 receiv$ a recomp5se by a firm fri5d 9 e home4 ,9 an age ( blood%$ & plund] %e lift$ up h] h& 9 def5se ( ! weak1 & made h] sanctu>ies a refuge = ! despair+ & oppress$4 ,b "h arose ! difficulty4 ,! s-call$ ,*ri/ian *ur* by apo/asy _h lo/ ! key ( revelation4 ,h] decisions dep5d$ n ^u ! voice ( inspiration b ^u ! mu/y p>*m5ts ( ! pa/4 ,claim+ to be ! *ur* ( #bf ,god1 %e reg>d$ h] decisions z infallible & irrevocable1 h] tea*+s z beyond "q4 ,h] ideas 7 cry/aliz$2 h] philosophy1 if inde$ x 0 wor?y ( t "n1 0 /ation>y1 z mu/ be ! case ) all sy/ems repos+ on a f9al revelation ( ,god4 ,9 ! doma9 ( ! ,ca?olic *ur* dur+ ! space ( a ?\s& ye>s1 namely f ! "t ( ! apo/les to ! elev5? c5tury1 n a book _h be5 writt51 n a pa9t+ execut$1 nor /atue sculptur$ ( suffici5t m]it to rescue ! "n ( ! au?or f oblivion4 ,?r\gh\t ! l5g? & bread? ( ,europe !re fell a d>k cl\d ( intellectual /agnation1 an invisible atmosph]e ( oppression ready to break d[n morally & physically :atev] oppos$ its weight2 except :]e a few feeble rays ( light 7 kept flick]+ by ! ef=ts ( ,jewi% & ,mahometan s*ol>s4 ,%e at once disclos$ h] human & d5i$ h] div9e orig9 by attempt+ to =ce fix$ laws on society 9 ! pres5ce ( high] tru?s & advanc+ civilization4 ,! fir/ great conflict 0 9 ref]5ce to geography--! %ape & surface ( ! e>?4 ,:5 sci5ce disclos$ ! fact t ! e>? 0 r\nd1 !re 0 a great commotion1 & s mu* ! m s9ce x 0 by ,mahometan s*ol>s t ! discov]y _h be5 made4 ,x 0 ask$1 ,c any good ?+ come out ( ,naz>e?8 ,9 o!r words1 ,is x possible = vile ,mahometans to und]/& & tea* su* a tru? :5 x is n yet kn[n to ! assum$ *ur* ( ,god8 ,at #bg once ! w>-_s became fi]ce & hot4 ,! great writ] ,eusebius treat$ ! doctr9e ) contempt4 ,lactantius asks1 ,is !re any "o s s5seless1 z to believe t !re are m5 ^: foot/eps are high] ?an _! heads8 ,t ! crops & trees gr[ d[nw>ds8 ,t ! ra9s1 sn[ & hail fall upw>d to ! e>?8 7,= fur!r p>ticul>s see ,:ewel's ,hi/4 ,induct4 ,sci5ces1 ,vol4 ,i1 page #aif47 ,at ?is /age ( ! controv]sy1 ,cosmas ,indicopleu/es1 by direction ( ! ,ca?olic *ur*1 und]took to give a description ( ! e>?4 ,accord+ to ,cosmas1 ! univ]se is 9 ! =m ( an imm5se box1 twice z broad z x is high & twice z long z x is broad4 ,at ! bottom ( ?is box lies ! e>?1 surr\nd$ by f\r great seas or oceans4 ,at ! out] edges ( ^! seas1 rise imm5se walls1 :i* support ! vault ( heav51 ev5 z ! walls ( a h\se support ! ro(2 & ?us walls & vault %ut 9 ! e>? & all ! heav5ly bodies4 ,?is va/ box he divides into two comp>tm5ts or /ories4 ,9 ! l[] "o m5 7 said to live1 & sun1 moon & />s to move4 ,! upp] "o 0 said to be ! abode ( ,god & angels1 ^: pr9cipal "w 0 to pu% & pull ! sun & planets to & fro1 & to op5 ! w9d[s ( heav51 & ?us regulate ! quantity ( ra94 ,! ignorance or impud5ce ( ,cosmas c only be p>tially imag9$1 :5 we recollect t he support$ 8 !ory by ref]5ce to ! ,bible1 & quot$ ,g5esis i1 #f2 ,job xxvi1 #aa2 ,psalms cxlviii1 #d2 ,isaiah xl1 #bb4 ,all ! sublime poetry & #bh beautiful imag]y ( ^! texts 7 ?us debas$ to give cr$5ce to ! wild vag>ies ( ?is ignorant man4 ,space w n p]mit u to foll[ ?is conte/ 9 all its phases3 suffice x to say t s late z ! f\rte5? c5tury ,cecco d' ,ascoli 0 burn$ alive = ass]t+ 8 belief 9 ! rotundity ( ! e>?4 7,see ,ne&]'s ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 ,vol4 ,,ii1 page #fc47 ,! /ud5t ( hi/ory w also rememb] h[ ,columbus at ! great c\ncil ( ,salamanca 0 ov]:elm$ by texts ( scripture wre/$ f _! rightful mean+4 ,x 0 only aft] ! successful navigation ( ! e>?1 by ,magellan's %ip1 ! ,san ,vittoria1 t ,rome ceas$ to p]secute ! adh]5ts ( ?is doctr9e4 ,9 all ?is conte/ ,rome's dogmas only result$ 9 injury to h]self4 ,! au?ority ( ! scriptures 0 n 9 ! end weak5$1 b r /r5g!n$2 b to ?9k+ m51 ,rome's claim ( div9e "r to int]pret ! scriptures 0 ( little value4 ,rome _h be5 weigh$ 9 ! balances & f\nd want+4 ,x 0 !re=e 9 a sci5tific n less ?an a religi\s po9t ( view t _m lead+ m9ds look$ ) favor t[>d t great religi\s1 movem5t kn[n z ! ,re=mation4 ,:ile ,lu!r1 ,calv9 & ,zw+le 7 busy d5\nc+ ! corruptions ( ! ,romi% *ur*1 ! =ces 7 prep>+ = ! second great conflict betwe5 sci5ce & s-call$ religion1 namely1 t conc]n+ ! motion ( ! e>?4 ,cop]nicus liv$ at ! same "t z ,lu!r1 & di$ #bi two ye>s be=e him4 ,8 0 z brave a life z ev] liv$ 9 /ory4 ,= ?irty-six ye>s1 at ! v "t ! ,prote/ant /ruggle 0 rag+1 he 0 work+ at t immortal book1 ,de ,revolutionibus ,orbum1 9 :i* he s cle>ly demon/rates ! motion ( ! e>?1 & ! revolution ( ! planets ar\nd ! sun4 ,b he d>$ n pr9t x = _m ye>s4 ,if he publi%$ x at ,rome1 x w\ld fall into ! h&s ( ! ,inquisition2 if he caus$ x to be pr9t$ 9 ,g]many1 !re 7 ! ,prote/ant lead]s no less ho/ile2 if he s5t x to ,switz]l&1 !re /ood ,calv9 & ,zw+le ready to burn x4 ,at l5g? ! "w 0 ready = ! press4 ,by ! entreaty ( ! ,romi% ,c>d9al ,s*omb]g1 & ) _m apologies1 ,cop]nicus v5tur$ to publi% x4 ,he 0 n[ old & feeble4 ,pati5tly he wait$ at dea?'s door to see a pr9t$ copy4 ,at l5g? ! long look$-= copy arriv$1 he saw x1 compos$ himself & di$1 #aedc4 ,sev5 ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,cop]nicus1 0 born t /range mortal1 ,giordano ,bruno4 ,= tea*+ ! rotation ( ! e>? he _h to flee to ,switz]l&4 ,b ,calv9 held p[] !re & ,bruno 0 soon oblig$ to leave4 ,driv5 9 succession f ,engl&1 ,france & ,g]many1 &1 l ,noah's dove1 f9d+ no re/ = ! sole ( 8 foot1 he at l5g? v5tur$ to return to ,italy4 ,he 0 arre/$ 9 ,v5ice1 & aft] eight ye>s ( solit>y conf9em5t1 0 burn$ at ,rome1 ,febru>y #af1 #afjj4 ,:5 ! atroci\s s5t5ce 0 pass$ ^u him1 he nobly repli$1 ,p]haps x is ) #cj great] fe> t ye pass ?is s5t5ce ^u me ?an ,i receive x4 ,mean:ile ,galileo 0 prosecut+ 8 /udies at ,flor5ce4 ,9 ,may1 #afji1 he made 8 fir/ telescope & po9t+ x t[>d ! heav5s saw ! satellites ( ,jupit] & ! phases ( ,v5us4 ,^! 7 two ( ! weightie/ argum5ts t _h z yet be5 pres5t$ 9 favor ( ! ,cop]nican !ory4 ,already ,galileo began to enc\nt] vulg> indignation :i* accus$ him ( impiety4 ,9 #afaa1 ,galileo publicly exhibit$ ! spots ^u ! sun4 ,?is only excit$ ! rage ( 8 p]secutors4 ,goad$ by opposition he wrote a lett]1 9 #afac1 to ! ,abbe ,ca/elli1 %[+ t ! scriptures 7 giv5 = our salvation1 & n to tea* a/ronomy 9 p>ticul>4 ,?is 0 repeat+ ,bruno's (f5se4 ,galileo 0 br\ght be=e ! ,inquisition1 &1 aft] ye>s ( imprisonm5t1 only sav$ 8 life by d5y+ ! great tru?s he _h discov]$4 ,he di$ #afdb1 9 ! sev5ty-eigh? ye> ( 8 age1 ! prison] ( ! ,inquisition4 ,b religi\s bigotry did n end !re4 ,x tri$ to foll[ him beyond ! grave1 disput+ 8 "r to make a w & d5y+ him burial 9 consecrat$ gr\nd4 ,nor 7 ! lead]s ( ! ,prote/ant cause less bitt]4 ,9 ref]5ce to ,cop]nicus1 ,lu!r decl>$1 ,p give e> to an up/>t a/rolog]1 :o /rives to %[ t ! e>? revolves2 & aga91 ,?is fool 7,cop]nicus7 wi%es to rev]se ! :ole sy/em ( a/ronomy4 ,melanc?on1 9 8 treatise ,initia ,doctr9ea ,physicae1 says1 ,! eyes are ! #ca witnesses t ! heav5s revolve ab\t ! e>? 9 ! space ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 & adds1 ,n[ x is a want ( dec5cy to ass]t publicly ! notions ( ,cop]nicus2 & ,zw+le decl>es1 ,! e>? c be no :]e1 if n 9 ! c5t] ( ! univ]se4 ,x is a "p ( a good m9d to accept ! tru? z reveal$ by ,god1 & acquiesce 9 x4 7,see ,ges*i*te des ,mat]ialismus1 ,vol4 ,i1 page #bag47 ,,illu/ration3 ,,burn+ ,,( ,,s]vetus4 ,fur!r1 ,calv9 prov$ ! d>kness ( 8 own m9d :5 he put to dea? t celebrat$ philosoph] & physician1 ,mi*ael ,s]vetus1 ^: greate/ crimes 7 t 9 religion he d5i$ ! absurd dogma t ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,_s are ?ree sep>ate & di/9ct be+s & yet "o & ! same p]son2 & 9 sci5ce he _h p>tially succe$$ 9 discov]+ ! circulation ( blood4 ,! circum/ances 7 also ( ! #cb mo/ atroci\s "*4 ,s]vetus 0 roa/$ = two h\rs 9 ! flames ( a sl[ fire made ( gre5 wood4 ,mean:ile he 0 begg+ = ! love ( ,god t !y w\ld put on m wood or d some?+ to end 8 torture4 ,s also 9 sup]/ition ! ,prote/ants 7 n a :it beh9d ! ,ca?olics4 ,9 pres5ce ( ! ,prote/ant k+1 ,james ,i41 ( ,engl&1 x 0 decl>$ t ,agnes ,sampson ) two hundr$ o!r wit*es _h sail$ 9 sieves f ,lei? to ,nor? ,betwick *ur* to hold a banquet ) ! devil4 ,x 0 also said t ! wit*es _h baptiz$ & !n dr[n$ a black cat1 :i* caus$ a t]rible /orm 9 :i* ! %ip t c>ri$ ! k+ n>r[ly escap$ be+ wreck$4 ,k+ ,james & ! high *ur* dignit>ies :o =m$ 8 privy c\ncil1 believ$ ! accusation & condemn$ ! poor woman to ! flames4 ,! lead]s ( ,g]man ,prote/antism 7 ,lu!r & ,melanc?on1 yet ev5 !y 7 victims ( ! grosse/ sup]/ition4 ,!y believ$ t 9 ! ,tib]1 n f> di/ant f ! pope's palace1 a mon/] _h be5 f\nd hav+ ! body ( a man1 ! head ( an ass & ! claws ( a bird ( prey4 ,aft] mu* speculation & se>*+ ( _! ,bibles1 !y conclud$ x 0 a manife/ation ( ,god's ang] aga9/ ,rome1 & !y wrote a pamphlet ab\t x4 7,see ,buckle's ,hi/4 ( ,civilization47 ,x is a q common error to suppose ^! p]secutions to h emanat$ f ! papal p[] exclusively4 ,:5 we read ( ,cop]nicus escap+ #cc p]secution only by dea?1 ( ,bruno1 burn$ alive z a mon/] ( impiety1 ( ,galileo imprison$ & humiliat$ z ! wor/ ( misbeliev]s we are apt to look ^u ^! ?+s z ! effect ( ,romi% intol]ance4 ,b we %\ld n =get t ,kepl] :o /&s pre-em95tly conspicu\s1 :o lead sci5ce on to great] victories ?an ei!r ,cop]nicus or ,galileo1 :o ?\ght & spake z "o inspir$--ev5 he 0 hunt$ alike by ,prote/ant & ,ca?olic4 ,nor 0 ?is feel+ ( intol]ance conf9$ to any p>ticul> age4 ,on ! contr>y we behold its cont9uance ev5 to our own times4 ,9 ,prote/ant ,engl& s late z #aggb1 ! celebrat$ ,dr4 ,prie/ly 0 n p]mitt$ to accompany ! fam\s exp$ition = sci5tific discov]y "u ,capta9 ,cook1 because he did n believe 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity z taught by ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,on ! #aj? ( ,may1 #ahei1 0 buri$ ,alex&] ,von ,humboldt4 ,8 labors 7 among ! greate/ glories ( ?is c5tury1 & 8 fun]al "o ( ! mo/ impos+ ( mod]n times4 ,among ^? :o did !mselves ! honor ( foll[+ 8 rema9s to _! la/ re/+-place 0 ! pres5t emp]or ( ,g]many4 ,b no m9i/] ( any sect 0 pres5t except ! (ficiat+ cl]gyman & a few o!rs :o 7 consid]$ z n 9 good /&+ 9 _! respective *ur*es4 ,by ^! in/ances & _m o!rs x might be %[n h[ has be5 wr\ght into ! v fibre ( mod]n society t p]nici\s idea t !re is a necess>y antagonism betwe5 sci5ce & religion4 #cd ,! lessons ?us taught 7 cle> & conv9c+4 ,_m intellig5t m9ds saw t ,prote/ants z well z ,ca?olics lack$ n m]ely ! *>itable _s ( ! gospel1 b likewise t k & au?ority1 :i* are ! c]ta9 results ( div9e revelation4 ,! result 0 soon app>5t4 ,a viol5t reaction foll[$4 ,g]many1 ! bir?place ( ! ,re=mation1 is n[ ! /ronghold ( infidelity4 ,& :y 0 ?is8 ,:at 0 x t made l>ge numb]s ( ! be/ m5 9 ,europe hate bo? ! ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant religions8 ,:y did ,ricetto1 ,bruno & ,s]vetus 9 ! h\r ( m>tyrdom turn ) loa?+ f t sacr$ emblem1 ! crucifix8 ,! reason 0 simply ?is3 ,s-call$ ,*ri/ianity _h be5 made to !m id5tical ) ! mo/ horrible oppression ( m9d1 because !y :o _h assum$ to repres5t ,*ri/ianity _h misrepres5t$ x4 ,9 o!r words1 ! absurd !ories1 rigid dogmas & hea!ni% sup]/itions ( apo/ate ,*ri/ianity bore no m resemblance to ! b5ign & heav5ly pr9ciples ( ! gospel1 ?an an anci5t ,egyptian mummy1 ) its %runk5 skeleton & gho/ly visage1 be>s to ! p]son ( a liv+ be+ 9 ! m]idian ( 8 m5tal & physical p[]s4 7,see app5dix to ,vol4 ,,iv4 ,hi/oire des ,ma!matiques47 ,did space p]mit x w\ld be easy to %[ t ! ,prote/ant sects h oppos$ sci5tific tru? z bitt]ly1 & be5 ov]?r[n z completely z ,rome has ev] be54 ,n m]ely 9 ! examples #ce ( geography & a/ronomy1 b also 9 *emi/ry & natural philosophy1 z %[n 9 ! imprisonm5t ( ,rog] ,bacon & ,john ,b>illon2 9 anatomy & surg]y z illu/rat$ 9 ! p]secutions aga9/ ,v]salius1 ! great anatomi/ ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,nor 0 x m]ely 9 ! old5 times t ?is opposition 0 manife/4 ,sc>cely eighty ye>s h pass$ s9ce ,j5n]1 ! discov]] ( vacc9ation1 b>ely escap$ ) 8 life f ! p]secutions ( lead+ religioni/s 9 ,prote/ant ,engl&1 = conf]r+ ^u mank9d ! k ( prev5tion ( a horrible disease4 ,s1 also1 9 #ahdg1 ,james ,y4 ,simpson1 ! em95t ,scot* physician1 :o did s mu* to alleviate human suff]+ by means ( anae/hetics1 0 d5\nc$ ?r\gh\t ,europe & ,am]ica by ! lead+ ,prote/ant m9i/]s4 ,! p]secutors seem$ to =get t1 9 ! fir/ surgical op]ation ( :i* we h record1 ,god caus$ a deep sleep to fall on ,adam4 7,see ,g5esis ii41 #ba47 ,s1 also1 9 geology1 sc>cely =ty ye>s h elaps$ s9ce bo? ,prote/ant & ,ca?olic lead]s 7 d5\nc+ t sci5ce z a d>k art1 inf]nal artill]y1 & an awful evasion ( ! te/imony ( revelation4 ,:ile su* honor$ names z ,pr(4 ,s$wick1 ,edw>d ,hit*cock1 ,l\is ,agassiz & ,m>y ,som]ville 7 d5\nc$ co>sely by "n = ^? /udies :i* unfold ! wond]s ( creation1 & illu/rate ! goodness ( our ,heav5ly ,fa!r--/udies t h made _! names honor$ ?r\gh\t ! _w4 7,see ,silliman's ,j\rnal4 ,vol4 #cj1 page #aad47 #cf ,& :at has be5 ! result ( all ?is8 ,9 ! old] nations h come =?1 by natural reaction1 ! mo/ =midable enemies ! s-call$ ,*ri/ian *ur* has ev] kn[n4 ,( ^! ,voltaire & ,r5an may be consid]$ types1 & !re are _m signs t ! same causes are produc+ simil> results 9 our own c\ntry4 ,yet ,r5an1 ,b5net & ,+]sol are n hat]s ( tru?4 ,r may x be said1 !y hate c\nt]feits & are indignant at ! assumptions ( apo/ate ,*ri/5dom4 ,9 _! impetuosity !y h ru%$ into ! o!r extreme1 & dem& = sci5ce m ?an %e c rightly claim4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,fallacies ,,( ,,sci5ti/s4 ,,ignorance ,,( ,,skeptics--,,errors ,,9 ,,a/ronomy ,,geology ,,n ,,reliable--,,sci5ti/s ,,disagree--,,te/imonies ,,( ,,hugh ,,mill]--,,humboldt --,,lyell--,,second-,,h& ,,k--,,our ,,ne$ ,,( ,,fai?4 ,a little or sup]ficial k may incl9e a man's m9d to a!ism2 b dep? 9 philosophy br+e? him back to religion4 ,s said ,francis ,bacon1 "o ( ! _w's greate/ philosoph]s1 & hi/ory has prov$ 8 say+ to be true4 ,! #cg great lights ( ! sci5tific _w1 su* z ,columbus1 ,cop]nicus1 ,galileo1 ,kepl]1 ,newton1 ,h]s*el1 ,agassiz1 ,rosse or ,proctor1 all h *]i%$ a rev]5ce = religion4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is g5]ally ?ird or f\r? rate m5 ( le>n+1 or ^? ^: impetuosity is great] ?an _! judgm5t1 :o ev] attempt to a*ieve di/9ction z infidel lectur]s4 ,m5 :o h fail$ 9 _! bus9ess = want ( capacity1 frequ5tly turn misan?ropes & d5\nce tru?s & m5 t !y h n bra9s en\gh to compreh5d4 ,true1 apo/ate ,*ri/ianity has be5 weigh$ 9 ! balances & f\nd want+1 b does t prove t !re is no vital1 no div9e religion t w satisfy ! intellect ( man ) its tru?s1 & t\* ! he>t ) its love--a ,*ri/ianity :i*1 be>+ ! full impress ( its ,au?or's image1 %all take its place among ! v>i\s =ces at "w 9 society & ev5tually subord9ate !m all8 ,nay1 v]ily6 ,z well might we say t because !re are c\nt]feit bank bills 9 exi/5ce1 !re=e1 none are g5u9e4 ,"o _c help be+ amaz$ at ! cool impud5ce ) :i* infidels take = grant$ ! v po9ts to be prov$1 & set aside1 z unwor?y ( s]i\s exam9ation1 ! mo/ au!ntic records ( hi/ory & facts ( sci5ce4 ,:5 skeptics1 :o are det]m9$ n to believe 9 ! ,bible1 f9d ! hi/orical evid5ces ( its g5u95ess1 au?ority & inspiration impossible to be ov]?r[n by ridicule or sophi/ry1 !y turn _! att5tion to "s o!r mode ( attack2 &1 ( #ch late ye>s1 !y h ransack$ ! :ole circle ( sci5ces hop+ to f9d a m p[]ful weapon4 ,especially has e new discov]y be5 hail$ by skeptics z an ally to _! cause1 until fur!r acqua9tance has prov$ t x 0 n s4 ,?us1 :5 geology began to upheave its titanic =m x 0 eag]ly greet$ by skeptics2 b n[ t !y h discov]$ ! pro(s x gives ( a ,creator !y are gett+ %y ( its acqua9tance4 ,x is1 !re=e1 wor? :ile to enquire1 is sci5ce really s positive z ^! p]sons pret5d8 ,or1 is x true t ! /ud5ts ( ! physical sci5ces h no c]ta9 k ( _! !ories8 ,we ne$ n "h speak ( ! disputes betwe5 ,h]s*el & ,f]guson1 ,newton & ,brew/]1 ,la ,place & ,lionville4 ,r let u beg9 ) ! mo/ positive ( all sci5ces4 ,ma!matics--! sci5ce ( magnitude & numb]s--& note a few ?+s conc]n+ x4 ,^u reflection1 x is surpris+ h[ few subjects are capable ( a ma!matical demon/ration4 ,! ma!matician may demon/rate ! size & prop]ties ( a triangle1 b he _c demon/rate ! cont9uance ( any actual triangle = "o h\r1 or "o m9ute aft] 8 demon/ration4 ,a ma!matical pro( admits ( no d\bts or cont+5cies4 ,a man may calculate ! =ce ( ! w9d1 b he _c tell h[ long x w cont9ue to bl[ 9 t direction1 :e!r x w increase to a hurricane or subside to a calm4 ,he may c\nt ! revolutions ( an eng9e1 b he _c te/ its extreme p[]1 or prove its cont9u$ #ci exi/5ce = a s+le h\r4 ,h[ _m ( ! mo/ important affairs ( life c be demon/rat$ by means ( ! multiplication table8 ,x w\ld be safe to say n "o 9 t54 ,aga91 ma!matics frequ5tly deal ) purely ideal figures1 :i* nev] did or nev] c exi/4 ,!re is n a ma!matical l9e--l5g? )\t bread?--9 all ! univ]se4 ,on c>eful exam9ation1 we f9d t !re are no ma!matical figures 9 nature4 ,we speak ( ! e>? z a sph]e1 b x is a sph]e pitt$ ) holl[s z deep z ! ocean1 & cre/$ ) protub]ances z high z ! ,&es or ,himalayas1 9 e conceivable irregul>ity ( =m4 ,!re is n an acre ( absolutely level gr\nd on ! face ( ! e>?2 ev5 its wat]s pile !mselves up 9 waves1 or da% into break]s1 r ?an rema9 p]fectly level = a s+le h\r4 ,! microscope reveals ! fact t ! pe>l is proportionally r\gh] ?an ! surface ( ! e>?1 & ! dew-drop is no ne>] r\nd ?an a pe>4 ,:5 we speak ( ! orbits ( ! planets z elliptical or circul>1 x is only 9 a g5]al way2 j z we speak ( a circul> saw1 ! outl9e ( its tee? be+ regul>ity itself1 z comp>$ ) ! motions ( ! planets 9 _! orbits4 ,s also ) ,a/ronomy1 x is f> f be+ an exact sci5ce4 ,f ! comp>ative simplicity ( ! =ces ) :i* x has to deal1 & ! approximate regul>ity ( ! pa?s ( ! heav5ly bodies1 x may be reg>d$ z ! sci5ce 9 :i* ! greate/ possible c]ta9ty is atta9able4 #dj ,x op5s1 at once1 ! wide/ field to ! imag9ation1 & ! noble/ range to ! reason2 x has attract$ ! mo/ exalt$ intellects to its pursuit1 & has rew>d$ _! toils ) ! gr&e/ discov]ies4 ,le/ we %\ld ascribe to ! discov]]s ( ! laws ( ! univ]se1 ! glory due to _! ,creator1 let u glance at "s ( ! errors ( a/ronomy4 ,sir ,john ,h]s*el1 ?an :om none has a bett] "r to speak on ?is subject1 devotes a *apt] to ! ,errors ( ,a/ronomy4 ,no philosophical obs]vation or exp]im5t is absolutely accurate4 ,! error ( a ?\s&? "p ( an in* 9 an in/rum5t1 w multiply itself into ?\s&s & millions ( miles accord+ to ! di/ance ( ! object4 ,to beg9 at our own little globe1 :]e exactness is m easily atta9$1 ?an among di/ant planets1 we f9d t two ( ! greate/ a/ronom]s1 ,bessel & ,newton1 diff] f ea* o!r 9 ! measurem5t ( ! diamet] ( ! e>? fully elev5 miles4 ,s also ! diamet] ( ! e>?'s orbit is unc]ta9 by #cfj1jjj miles4 ,n[ ! diamet] ( ! e>?1 & ! diamet] ( its orbit are ! v foot rule & y>d /ick1 z x 71 by :i* a/ronom]s measure ! heav5s4 7,see ,humboldt's ,cosmos1 ,vol1 ,i4 page #g1 & ,vol4 ,,iv4 page #dgg47 ,let u !n be c&id1 says ,loomis1 & claim no m = a/ronomy ?an is reasonably due4 ,:5 9 #ahdf ! great a/ronom] ,le ,v]ri] ann\nc$ ! exi/5ce ( a planet hi!rto unse51 & :5 he assign$ to x its exact position #da 9 ! heav5s1 & decl>$ t x %one l a /> ( ! eigh? magnitude1 n an a/ronom] ( ,france1 & sc>cely "o 9 ,europe _h suffici5t fai? 9 ! pr$iction to prompt him to po9t 8 telescope to ! heav5s4 ,s also geology1 "o ( ! mo/ rec5t ( ! sci5ces1 & 9 ! h&s ( infidel nurses "o ( ! mo/ noisy1 has be5 f\nd to be unreliable 9 _m p>ticul>s4 ,true a wond]ful outcry has be5 rais$ ab\t ! antagonism betwe5 ! records ( ! rocks1 & ! records ( ! ,bible4 ,b no "o has yet succe$$ 9 prov+ su* an antagonism2 = ! pla9 reason t nei!r ! ,bible nor geology says h[ old ! e>? is4 ,!y bo? say x is v old4 ,! ,bible says1 ,9 ! beg9n+ ,god creat$ ! heav5s & ! e>?4 ,! t]m "h translat$ 9 ! beg9n+ signifies1 z e ,hebrew s*ol> kn[s1 a p]iod ( su* remote antiquity1 t 9 ,bible language x /&s next to et]nity4 ,n[ if ! geologi/ c\ld prove t ! e>? is a ?\s& million ye>s old] ?an ! "t :5 ,adam appe>$ ^u x1 ?is w\ld contradict no /atem5t ( ! ,bible4 ,s :5 infidels come to u ) _! geological !ories ab\t ! mann] 9 :i* ,god made ! e>?1 or 9 :i* ! e>? is said to h made itself1 & h[ long x took to d x1 & tell u t !y h sci5tific demon/ration f ! rocks t ! ,bible is false1 we surely h a "r to enquire into ! f\ndation ( ^! !ories ^u :i* !y h built su* />tl+ conclusions4 ,n[ x is rem>kable t e infidel #db argum5t is bas$ n ^u ! facts1 b ^u ! !ories ( geology4 ,b h[ does our infidel geologi/ set ab\t 8 "w ( prov+ t ! e>? has any giv5 age1 say a ?\s& million ye>s8 ,:y he simply comm5ces ) a !ory or supposition4 ,yet a demon/ration mu/ re/ ^u facts1 x admits ( no suppositions4 ,9 exam9+ ! cru/ ( ! e>? we f9d a great _m lay]s ( rocks1 "o above ! o!r1 evid5tly =m$ bel[ ! wat]1 "s ( !m out ( ! fragm5ts ( =m] rocks conta9+ bones1 %ells & ca/s ( fi%es & tracks ( ! feet ( birds1 made :5 ^! rocks 7 9 ! /ate ( s(t mud4 ,^! lay]s =m :at is t]m$ ! cru/ ( ! e>?1 & are altoge!r sev]al miles 9 ?ickness4 ,yet n "o ( ^! lay]s gives u ! elem5t ( "t4 ,!y ann\nce to u successive g5]ations ( animals & plants2 b !y d n tell u h[ long ^! g5]ations liv$4 ,we h e reason to believe t ! condition ( ! _w 0 v diff]5t !n1 f :at x is n[2 n only z reg>ds its temp]ature1 ( :i* we h _m pro(s t x 0 mu* high] ?an at pres5t2 b likewise 9 reg>d to ! d5sity ( ! atmosph]e & ! di/ribution ( wat] on ! surface ( ! globe4 ,all ^! conditions indicate t bo? animal & vegetable life 7 !n f> diff]5t f :at !y are n[1 z ! fossil rema9s ( ^? animals & plants abundantly & unque/ionably prove4 ,b 9 all ?is we h no means ( det]m9+ ! duration ( ^? species4 ,! v>i\s species ( plants & animals may h fl\ri%$ dur+ a p]iod ( a ?\s&1 a million1 or a ?\s& million ye>s = all we "k4 #dc ,,illu/ration3 ,,section ,,( ,,! ,,cru/ ,,( ,,! ,,e>? ,,rec5t ,,deposits--,%[+ rema9s ( animals /ill exi/+4 ,,quat]n>y--,%[+ rema9s ( "s ext9ct & "s liv+ species4 ,fir/ appe>ance ( decidu\s trees1 7^? t drop _! leaves 9 autumn7 %[+ alt]nations ( heat & cold4 ,rema9s ( v]tebrates 7animals hav+ back bones7 ( ! m p]fect species4 ,mammals1 7milk-giv+ animals72 c>nivora1 7fle%-eat+ animals71 monkeys1 etc4 ,fir/ appe>ance ( birds & l& mon/]s1 mega!riums1 mammo?s1 etc4 ,,cretaci\s ,,rocks--,age ( reptiles & amphibi\s mon/]s1 z iguanodons1 saurians & crocodiles4 ,,c>bonif]\s ,,rocks--,age ( coal =mation2 fir/ indications ( reptiles1 num]\s amphibi\s animals--suppos$ uni=m climate4 ,,sub-,,c>bonif]\s--,fir/ traces ( amphibi\s animals4 ,fir/ traces ( cone-be>+ trees1 p9es1 f]ns1 etc4 ,fir/ fi%es2 fir/ v]tebrates2 num]\s %ell fi%2 lime/one /rata4 ,*alk measures2 s&/one /rata1 ,,silurian ,,rocks--,few traces ( life2 old r$ s&/one4 ,,huronian ,,rocks--,no traces ( life2 gneiss1 qu>tz1 felsp>1 mica4 ,,laur5tian ,rocks--,granite4 #dd ,"h is a problem exactly simil>4 ,on exam9ation we f9d t a c]ta9 h\se is built on a f\ndation ( well-cem5t$ concrete ?ree feet deep1 t x has t5 c\rses ( /one 9 ! basem5t1 =ty c\rses ( brick 9 ! fir/ /ory1 ?irty-six c\rses 9 ! second1 ?irty-two 9 ! ?ird2 ) a ro( ( n9e in* raft]s1 cov]$ ) in* bo>ds1 & an in* & a half lay] ( coal-t> & gravel2 n[ tell u h[ long 0 ! h\se 9 build+8 ,:y ! v s*ool-boy w\ld laugh at ! absurdity ( su* a "q4 ,he w\ld say1 ,h[ c ,i tell unless ,i "k :]e ! mat]ials 7 obta9$1 h[ !y 7 convey$1 h[ _m workm5 7 employ$1 & h[ mu* !y c\ld d 9 a day8 ,if ! rock _h be5 br\ght f a di/ance1 ! brick to be made by h&1 ! lumb] all dress$ ) a h&saw & jackplane1 & all ! "w done by a sl[go+ jobb+ contractor :o employ$ only ?ree or f\r m5--:y1 !y w\ld n get ?r\gh 9 a ye>4 ,b if ! rock 0 f\nd 9 excavat+ ! cell>1 if ! brick 7 made by ma*9]y & ne> at h&1 ! lumb] dress$ by /eam saw & plan+ mills1 & ?irty or =ty workm5 employ$1 x might be all f9i%$ 9 a mon?4 ,s ! geologi/ ought to say1 ,i d n "k ei!r ! s\rce ( ! mat]ials ( ! e>?'s /rata nor ! di/ance f :i* !y 7 convey$ to _! pres5t position1 nor ! =ces :i* 7 employ$ 9 *ang+ !m f _! #de primitive elem5ts to ! =ms 9 :i* we n[ see !m2 !re=e ,i _c tell ! "t requir$ = _! =mation4 ,if ! cru/ ( ! e>? 0 orig9ally fus$ into granite by int5se heat1 & ?is granite has be5 ?r[n up into va/ m\nta9s by ! int]nal heat ( ! e>?2 & 9 turn1 ^! m\nta9s h be5 sl[ly worn away1 by ! action ( w9d1 ra9 & fro/1 & convey$ d[n to ! %ores ( ! primeval ocean1 by ! /ill sl[] ag5cy ( m\nta9 torr5ts & riv]s2 & if ^! deposits hav+ fir/ be5 ! home ( v>i\s species ( animals & plants h h>d5$ into rock :i* 9 turn has be5 heav$ up by volcanic =ces--if ?is 0 ! mode ( creation1 hundr$s ( millions ( ye>s may h be5 requir$ to produce ! effects we n[ see ^u ! surface ( ! globe4 ,b if ! cru/ ( ! e>? orig9ally consi/$ ( ! v>i\s elem5ts ( :i* granite & o!r rocks are compos$1 if 7z is g5]ally conc$$1 granite is ! l[e/ 9 ! scale ( all ! rocks ) :i* man is acqua9t$17 ! granite 0 fus$ into its pres5t condition by ! int5se heat g5]at$ by ! *emical action ( ^! elem5ts ^u ea* o!r1 & if ! ov]ly+ /rata 7 consolidat$ by ! va/ pressure ( a univ]sal ocean1 z is g5]ally conc$$ to h cov]$ ! e>? at a c]ta9 geologic p]iod1 & if ^! rocks 7 bak$ by _! own *emical heat or by ! cont9u\s heat ( ! und]ly+ granite1 :ile ! cool] temp]ature ( ! wat] above prev5t$ ! upp] /rata f becom+ #df s solid--!n1 "u su* circum/ances1 a v few c5turies might suffice4 7,see ,lyell's ,pr9ciples ( ,geology1 *apt]s #ab & #cb47 ,until ^! indisp5sable prelim9>ies are settl$1 geology c make no calculations ( ! l5g? ( "t occupi$ by ! =mation ( ! /rata4 ,aga91 all geological computations ( "t are made ^u ! supposition t only ! same ag5ts 7 !n at "w :i* we n[ see1 t !y wr\ght ) ! same degree ( =ce & produc$ ! same results ?\gh work+ "u widely diff]5t conditions4 ,= example1 suppose x n[ takes a ye> to deposit mud en\gh at ! bottom ( ! sea1 to make an in* ( rocks1 & if mud 0 deposit$ no fa/] 9 ^? remote ages1 !n ! rocks w\ld be z old z !re are in*es 9 ! eight or n9e miles dep? to :i* ! /rata ext5ds4 ,b h[ c we prove t mud 0 deposit$ at ! same rate !n z n[8 ,& s ! :ole fabric ( geological *ronology vani%es into a m]e unprov$ notion1 bas$ ^u an if4 ,x is truly a/oni%+ t any sob]-m9d$ p]son %\ld all[ himself to be %ak5 9 8 religi\s convictions by ! alleg$ results ( a sci5ce s un=m$ & imp]fect1 z geologi/s !mselves ackn[l$ge _! favorite sci5ce to be4 ,?us ,hugh ,mill] admits1 ,!re are no calculations m d\btful ?an ^? ( ! geologi/2 & aga91 ,x furni%es u ) no c]ta9 clue by :i* to unravel ! unapproa*able my/]ies ( #dg creation4 7,see ,footpr9ts ( ! ,creator1 page #cac47 ,^! my/]ies belong to ! wondr\s ,creator1 & to ,him only4 ,m5 attempt to !orize ^u !m1 & to r$uce !m to law2 b all nature rises up aga9/ !m 9 _! presumptu\s rebellion4 ,a /ray spl9t] ( cone-be>+ wood1 a fi%'s skull1 ! skeleton ( a reptile1 ! too? or jaw ( a quadrup$1 all or any ( ^! ?+s-- weak & insignificant z !y may seem--:5 f\nd imb$d$ 9 ! /rata ( ! rocks1 become evid5ce too /rong = man & all 8 !ories4 ,^! puny fragm5ts 9 ! grasp ( tru? become weapons z irresi/ible z ! dry bone 9 ! h& ( ,sampson ( old2 & our slaught]$ !ories lie pil$ up heaps ^u heaps be=e !m4 ,!n1 aga91 !y are qu>rel+ ab\t ! lead+ pr9ciples ( ! sci5ce4 ,hopk9s attempts to prove t ! cru/ ( ! e>? is eight hundr$ miles ?ick1 :ile ,humboldt ass]ts t x is less ?an tw5ty-f\r4 ,z ! temp]ature increases "o degree = e =ty-five feet we desc5d into ! e>?1 s1 at t rate1 9 less ?an tw5ty-f\r miles ! heat w\ld be s great z to melt iron & almo/ any kn[n sub/ance4 ,b "h1 aga91 !y diff]4 ,w$gewood decl>es t iron melts at #ba1jjj degrees ,fahr5heit2 :ile ,pr(essor ,daniels is positive t x melts at #b1ghf degrees1 ,fahr5heit4 ,only a slight diff]5ce ( #ah1bad degrees4 ,b !n comes ! great "q3 if granite is ! l[e/ lay] 9 ! /rata1 :at is bel[ ! #dh granite8 ,de ,beaumont affirms t ! :ole globe1 ) ! exception ( a ?9 envelope--mu* ?9n] 9 proportion ?an ! %ell ( an egg--is a melt$ mass kept fluid by heat1 b con/antly cool+ & contract+ its dim5sions & occasionally crack+ & fall+ 91 & squeez+ upw>ds l>ge portions ( ! mass1 ?us produc+ ^? folds or wr9kles :i* we call m\nta9 *a9s4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,davy & ,lyell ?9k t we may p]haps ref] ! heat ( ! int]ior to *emical *anges go+ on 9 ! e>?'s cru/4 ,s mu* = ! unc]ta9ties ( geology4 ,if space p]mitt$1 x w\ld be easy to g ov] o!r sci5ces & %[ simil> unc]ta9ties 9 !m all4 ,x is wor?y ( notice t ! unc]ta9ties ( sci5ce increase j 9 proportion to our int]e/ 9 x4 ,ab\t :at does n conc]n u1 x is v positive2 b v unc]ta9 ab\t our de>e/ int]e/s4 ,! a/ronom] may calculate ) consid]able c]ta9ty ! movem5ts ( di/ant planets ) :i* we h no int]c\rse2 b he _c pr$ict ! heat or cold1 cl\ds or sun%9e1 & o!r ph5om5a cont9ually occurr+ on our e>?4 ,! =ces ( heat may be measur$1 to "s ext5t1 b :at physician c measure ! /r5g? ( ! malignant fev] t is de/roy+ ! life ( 8 pati5t4 ,! *emi/ c ?or\ghly analyze any =eign sub/ance1 b ! disease ( 8 own body1 :i* is br++ him to ! grave1 he c nei!r weigh1 measure nor remove4 ,sci5ce is v positive ab\t di/ant #di />s & remote ages1 b /amm]s & hesitates ab\t ! v lives ( its pr(essors4 ,if su* are ! unc]ta9ties ( sci5ce to ! actual inve/igators1 :at %all we say to him :o has le>n$ 8 sci5ce at s*ool8 ,:5 we meet ) su* an infidel1 :o d5\nces religion :ile he extols ! c]ta9ties ( sci5ce1 w\ld x n be well to ask a few que/ions su* z ! foll[+8 ,h y p]sonally measur$ ! diamet] ( ! e>?1 obs]v$ ! transit ( ,v5us1 or calculat$ ! di/ance ( ! moon8 ,or1 fur!r1 w\ld y feel y\rself compet5t to p]=m su* labor2 or is x possible t1 aft] all y\r boa/+1 y h tak5 y\r sci5ce at second-h&1 & on ! te/imony ( ano!r8 ,aga91 p]haps y are a /ud5t ( ! /one book 7z sci5ti/s sometimes call ! /rata ( ! e>?'s cru/71 ) its endur+ records grav5 9 ! rock =ev]2 & p]haps y pr(ess to believe t "u ^! pond]\s /rata ! ,bible has f\nd an ev]la/+ tomb6 ,b h[ _m ( ! volumes ( ?is /one book h y p]us$ p]sonally6 ,h y ev] visit$ ! _m localities 9 our own c\ntry1 to say no?+ ( ! in/ructive lessons to be le>n$ f ! /rata ( ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 ,wales1 ! ,himalayas1 ! ,&es & ! ,lauretian rocks ( ,canada1 :]e ! diff]5t =mations are to be se58 ,h y p]sonally excavat$ f _! b$s1 ! v>i\s fossils t =m1 z x 71 ! v alphabet ( ! sci5ce2 or1 is x possible t all y "k ( geology is f ! specim5s ( collectors1 & ! /atem5ts #ej ( lectur]s aid$ by maps ( ideal /ratification 9 rose-p9k1 brim/one-yell[ & indigo-blue8 ,b p]haps y are a *emi/1 & pr\d1 z mo/ *emi/s are1 ( ! accuracy atta9able 9 t mo/ demon/rative sci5ce4 ,b h[ mu* ( x is really sci5ce to y8 ,( ! n9e hundr$ & =ty-two sub/ances m5tion$ 9 ,turn]'s ,*emi/ry1 h[ _m h y analyz$8 ,c\ld y tru?fully say "o-half1 "o-f\r?1 or ev5 "o-t5?8 ,mu* less1 w\ld y face ! laught] ( a college class1 to-morr[1 ^u ! exp]im5t ( tak+ n9e out ( ! n9e hundr$1 r$uc+ !m to _! primitive elem5ts1 & giv+ an accurate analysis ( _! compon5t p>ts8 ,9 fact1 d y "k any?+ wor? m5tion+ ( ! facts ( sci5ce ^u y\r own k1 except ^? ( ! trade by :i* y make y\r liv+8 ,or1 aft] all y\r boa/+ ab\t sci5tific c]ta9ty1 is x true t y h be5 oblig$ to receive y\r sci5ce ^u fai?1 at second-h&1 & on ! ^w ( ano!r1 & to save y\r life y c\ld n tell :o t o!r is1 or ev5 "n ! discov]]s ( half ! sci5tific tru?s y believe8 ,!re=e1 :atev] precision may be atta9$ by sci5tific m5--& we h se5 t x is n mu*--x is v c]ta9 y h none ( x4 ,! v be/ y c h to wrap y\rself 9 is a second-h& assurance1 griev\sly torn by rival s*ools1 & ne$+ to be pat*$ e mon? by lat] discov]ies4 #ea ,b ?is is n all4 ,mo/ sci5ces are n only unc]ta91 b also insuffici5t4 ,we dem& ! k ( tru?s ( :i* sci5ce is pr(\ndly ignorant4 ,( all ! great problems & preci\s int]e/s :i* belong to me z a mortal or immortal be+1 sci5ce kn[s no?+4 ,i ask h] :5ce ,i came4 ,%e po9ts to h] p9ions /ret*$ ov] ! abyss ( primeval fire1 h] eyes bl9d$ by its awful gl>e1 & rema9s sil5t4 ,i inquire :at ,i am2 b ! /range & que/ion+ ,i is a my/]y :i* %e c nei!r analyze nor measure4 ,i tell h] ( ! voice ( consci5ce )9--%e nev] he>d x & does n pret5d to und]/& x4 ,i tell h] ( my anxieties ab\t ! future--%e is le>n$ only 9 ! pa/4 ,i inquire h[ ,i may be happy h]eaft]--b happ9ess is n a sci5tific t]m1 & %e _c ev5 tell me h[ to be happy "h6 ,poor1 bl9d sci5ce6 ,fur!r /ill1 all our de>e/ int]e/s lie beyond ! doma9s ( physical sci5ce1 9 ! regions ( fai?4 ,sci5ce treats ( ?+s--fai? is confid5ce 9 p]sons4 ,take away ! p]sons & ( :at value are ! ?+s8 ,! _w becomes at once a va/ des]t1 a dre>y solitude4 ,i c live1 & love1 & be happy )\t sci5ce2 b n )\t companion%ip ^: bond is fai?4 ,9 its sun%9e alone c happ9ess gr[4 ,x is fai? s5ds man out 9 ! morn+ to 8 "w1 n]ves 8 arms ?r\gh ! toils ( ! day1 br+s him home 9 ! ev5+1 ga!rs ! *ildr5 ar\nd ! table1 inspires ! (t-repeat$ ef=ts ( ! little prattl] to asc5d 8 p>5t's knee1 clasps ! *ubby arms #eb ar\nd 8 neck1 looks ) ! mo/ confid+ innoc5ce into 8 eye & puts =? ! little h& to cat* 8 bread & %>e 8 cup4 ,und\bt+ fai? is happ9ess ev5 "h bel[4 ,ne$ we m>vel1 !n1 t man mu/ be conv]t$ f 8 pride ( empty1 b>r5 sci5ce1 & ca/+ himself ) all 8 p[]s into ! arms ( fai?1 become z a little *ild be=e he c ent] into ! k+dom ( heav58 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,did ,,! ,,_w ,,make ,,itself8 ,,manife/ations ,,( ,,p[]--,,m\nta9 ,,*a9s--,,ph5om5a ,,! ,,effect ,,( ,,cause--,,ext5t ,,( ,,univ]se--,,manife/ations ,,( ,,design--,,! ,,human ,,eye--,,matt] ,,in]t--,,did ,,! ,,pav+-,,/ones ,,make ,,!mselves8--,,!ories ,,( ,,buffon--,,( ,,dr4 ,,olb]s--,,hi/ory ,,decl>es ,,god',s ,,gov]nm5t4 ,nature is b ! "n ( an effect ^: cause is ,god4--,,c[p]4 ,! infidel a/ronom] is mad4--,,h]s*el4 ,_h ! _w a ,creator1 or did x make itself8 ,let u look out ^u nature1 & see :at !re is to sugge/ ! idea ( ,god4 ,infidels tell u t fai? is de/9$ to be left beh9d 9 ! onw>d m>* ( intellect2 t x belongs to an infantile #ec /age ( intellectual developm5t2 t *ildr5 & *ildi% notions are prone to sup]/ition1 :i* is only ano!r "n = religion4 ,to acc\nt = ! wond]s ( creation !y w coolly talk ( ! et]nity ( matt]1 & ! action ( natural laws1 z if ^! ass]tions w\ld lead !m out ( _! dilemma4 ,"o ( ! mo/ impressive lessons t a p]son ev] le>ns1 is f ! manife/ation ( p[] z %[n 9 ! ph5om5a ( nature1 z1 = example1 :5 he gazes ^u ! ph5om5a ( a ?und] /orm4 ,! d>k & ?ick5+ cl\d1 ! fla%es ( ! lightn+1 ! ro>+ ( ?und]1 ! da%+ ( ! ra9 & ! wild sweep ( ! w9ds1 sometimes cru%+ =e/s 9 _! pa?way1 are all manife/ations ( an unse5 p[]4 ,among ! works ( human h&s1 ! travel] gazes ) amazem5t at ! pond]\s bulk ( ! pyramids4 ,b :at are ! pyramids to ! ,alps1 :i* h be5 lift$ by "s p[] to an altitude ?irty-?ree times ! hight ( ! l>ge/ pyramid8 ,& yet ! ,alps are little m ?an half ! hight ( ! ,&es1 & n m ?an a hundr$? "p ( _! mass4 ,^! pond]\s m\nta9 *a9s h be5 upheav$ bodily1 te>+ _! way ?r\gh masses ( solid rock miles 9 ?ickness1 uplift+1 cru%+1 tilt+ & dislocat+ ! solid floor ( half a cont95t4 ,"h is a p[] :i* may well amaze u4 ,aga91 no /ra91 t man has ev] appli$1 has compress$ or /ret*$1 9 ! lea/ p]ceptible degree1 a block ( build+ /one4 ,9 fact1 ! #ed ar*itects & build]s ( ! mo/ pond]\s edifices1 su* z ! ,salt ,lake ,temple1 make n ! lea/ all[ance = ! compression ( ! /ones :i* lie at _! v base4 ,yet su* is ! /ra9 :i* nature ex]ts ^u ! rocky slabs built into ! hill-sides1 t !y yield l india-rubb] to ! pressure2 & :51 by qu>ry+1 ! /ra9 is reliev$1 ! cru%$ rocks1 ) a groan1 ease !mselves back to _! orig9al dim5sions4 7,see ,w9*el's ,reconciliation ( ,sci5ce & ,religion1 page #ccd47 ,,illu/ration3 ,,ideal ,,section ,,( ,,! ,,u9tah ,,m\nta9s1 ,,%[+ ,,upheaval ,,( ,,/rata ,,& ,,und]ly+ ,,granite--,,aft] ,,p[ell4 ,& yet1 aft] all1 ?is is b "o ( nature's feeble/ ef=ts4 ,look beyond ! ph5om5a ( uplift$ m\nta9-masses1 deep-scoop$ ocean bas9s1 =e/-lay+ tempe/s & l&-consum+ waves4 ,look out into limitless space6 ,!re hang worlds ( pond]\s bulk4 ,!y 7 fa%ion$ by "s skillful h&2 !y are upheld by "s mighty ag5cy2 & mov$ onw>d 9 _! #ee maje/ic c\rse by "s my/]i\s p[]4 ,we _c br+ our m9ds to compreh5d t p[]2 b let u raise our ?\ghts & try to und]/& some?+ conc]n+ x4 ,!re is ! sun ^: bulk is s great t1 if its c5t] 0 plac$ :]e ! c5t] ( ! e>? is1 its body w\ld ext5d 9 e direction z f> z ! moon4 ,nay1 f>!r1 x w\ld ext5d beyond ! moon a di/ance ( tw5ty-f\r times ! diamet] ( ! e>?4 ,?is va/ sun1 /ill 9 ! fi]y vigor ( its y\?1 imp>t+ light & life to all t dwell on ! planets :i* revolve ar\nd x1 is only "o ( ! numb]less orbs t %9e 9 ! abyss ( heav54 ,n[1 :at is ?is p[] t has =m$ ^! glori\s suns & s5t !m :irl+ onw>d ?r\gh ! cycles ( ! ages8 ,! infidel tells u x is gravity4 ,b :at is gravity8 ,:5ce proce$s t mighty =ce :i* m5 call by t "n8 ,matt] is in]t1 t is1 x does n possess ! p[] ( mov+ itself4 ,x is evid5t1 !n1 t matt] is act$ ^u by "s p[] outside ( itself4 ,9 human affairs we c f9d no result )\t a cause1 no design )\t a design]2 &1 on ?9k+ c>efully1 we f9d t e design] is "u ! control ( a w4 ,s1 9 ! field ( nature1 e ph5om5on is b ! effect ( "s cause1 & t cause mu/ h act$ "u ! control ( "s intellig5t w4 ,we are /ill m amaz$ :5 we consid] ! inconceivable space ov] :i* ?is p[] ext5ds4 ,! bulk ( ! sun is beyond our m5tal grasp4 ,h[ !n %all we compreh5d its di/ance f #ef u8 ,x is g5]ally consid]$ t ! sun is ab\t n9ety-two millions ( miles di/ant4 ,x is easy to say ^! words1 b difficult to realize _! mean+4 ,our express tra9s move at ! rate ( ?irty miles an h\r4 ,n[ if a railway /ret*$ f ! e>? to ! sun1 x w\ld require ?ree hundr$ & fifty ye>s = an express tra9 to pass ov] x4 ,if ,*ampla91 ! f\nd] ( ,quebec1 & ,capt4 ,john ,smi? & ,pocahontas1 s fam\s 9 e>ly ,virg9ia hi/ory1 _h /epp$ on bo>d ?is tra9 x w\ld /ill require ne>ly eighty ye>s m = _! desc5dants to rea* ! end ( _! j\rney4 ,! di/ance w\ld /ill be s great1 t only ! great gr&-*ildr5 ( ! pres5t g5]ation c\ld expect to rea* ! sun4 ,& yet !re is a p[] t rea*es across ?is va/ di/ance1 sw+s ! _w ar\nd its orbit l a halt]$ colt trott+ ar\nd a hit*+ po/1 lifts ! ocean into a mighty tide & la%es ! rocky %ores ) ! fury ( ! angry waves4 ,b ?is is n all4 ,light fla%es across ?is mighty *asm 9 ! brief space ( eight m9utes & a half4 ,! light by :i* we read ^! l9es />t$ f ! sun ab\t ! "t we read ! head+ ( ?is article4 ,:at %all we say ( a space s va/1 t ?is light mu/ travel a ye>1 a hundr$1 aye1 ev5 a ?\s& ye>s be=e x rea*es its de/9ation8 ,& yet !re is a p[] t gov]ns ev5 !re1 a p[] s mighty t ,he grasps ! :ole frame-"w ( />s & sy/ems1 & s5ds !m :irl+ & :eel+ ?r\gh ! dep?s ( b\ndless space l a #eg h&ful ( pebbles ?r[n ?r\gh ! air4 ,well might ! great philosoph] & poet1 ,addison1 exclaim3 ,! spaci\s firmam5t on high ,) all ! blue e!real sky1 ,& spangl$ heav5s1 a %9+ frame1 ,_! great ,orig9al proclaim4 ,9 ,reason's e> !y all rejoice ,& utt] =? a glori\s voice1 ,=ev] s++ z !y %9e1 ,! h& t made u is div9e4 ,:ile we are amaz$ at ! manife/ations ( p[] 9 creation1 let u n =get ! indications ( intellig5ce & design t exi/ all ar\nd u4 ,= example1 ,i see a fri5d walk+ along ! /reet 9 ! ra91 ) an umbrella ov] 8 head1 & ,i feel t somebody contriv$ t in/rum5t ) ! design ( keep+ (f ! ra94 ,9 "o ^w1 x 0 int5d$ = t purpose4 ,9 l mann] we p]ceive m>ks ( design & intellig5ce 9 ! c\ntless contrivances & in/rum5ts us$ 9 e-day life4 ,9 fact1 we _c look ^u ! simple/ inv5tion )\t feel+ t x is ! result ( design & intellig5ce4 ,n[ ! _w is full ( contrivances1 :i* 7 n made by human h&s1 nor inv5t$ by human bra9s4 ,! h& t wrote ^! words or ! h& t set up ! type to pr9t !m is a m +5i\s contrivance ?an 0 ev] made by human skill4 ,if x requir$ intellig5ce to make a p51 did x n require /ill great] intellig5ce to make ! h& t wields ! p58 ,if x requir$ design to #eh fa%ion a metal type1 did x n require a /ill great] design to =m ! h& t manipulates t type8 n to speak ( t subtle & my/]i\s p[]1 call$ ! m9d1 :i* guides ! h& "u bo? ^! circum/ances4 ,9 l mann] we might obs]ve ! m>ks ( design & me*anical skill display$ 9 ! =mation ( ! eye4 ,fir/1 !re is ! cavity 9 :i* x is plac$1 compos$ ( sev5 little bones nicely fitt$ & glu$ toge!r1 l9$ ) ! s(te/ fat & envelop$ 9 a tissue1 comp>$ ) :i* ! s(te/ silk is only co>se canvas4 ,!n ! cavity is s %ap$ z to exactly fit ! eye1 :ile ! br[ projects ov] l ! ro( ( a v]&a & ! lids close d[n ov] x to protect x f injury4 ,aga91 we f9d t ! ropes & pulleys us$ 9 ! rigg+ ( a %ip are simplicity inde$ z comp>$ ) ! n]ves & muscles us$ 9 ! movem5ts ( ! eye4 ,,transcrib]',s ,,note3 ,"h !re is an uncaption$ repres5tation ( ! anatomy ( ! human eye1 ) its major p>ts label$4 ,mo/ p]sons h se5 a %ip1 & "k ! way 9 :i* ! y>ds are mov$1 & ! sails squ>$ by means ( ropes & pulleys4 ,n[1 !re is a tackle call$ a muscle to pull ! eye d[n :5 y want to look d[n2 ano!r to pull x up :5 y h done2 !re is "o to pull x to ! "r1 & ano!r to pull x to ! #ei left4 ,!re is "o fa/5$ to ! eyeball 9 two places1 & s arrang$ t x w move ! eye 9 any direction1 z :5 we roll our eyes2 & a six? fa/5$ to ! "u side ( ! eye to keep x /eady :5 we d n ne$ to move x4 ,!n ! eyelids are provid$ ) suitable ge>+1 & x ne$s to be durable too1 = x is said to be us$ ?irty ?\s& times a day1 9 fact1 e "t we w9k4 ,n less wond]ful is ! con/ruction ( ! eye itself4 ,! optic n]ve is ! "p ( ! eye :i* conveys visions to ! m9d4 ,suppose in/ead ( x be+ :]e y obs]ve x1 at ! back "p ( ! eye1 x _h be5 br\ght out to ! front1 & t reflections f objects _h fall5 directly ^u x4 ,x is obvi\s t x w\ld h be5 expos$ to injury f e float+ p>ticle ( du/1 & we w\ld always h felt su* a s5sation z is caus$ by a burn or scald :5 ! sk9 peels (f & leaves ! ends ( ! n]ves expos$ to ! air4 ,also ! t5d] po9ts ( ! fibres ( ! optic n]ve w\ld soon become blunt$ & ! eye ( c\rse useless4 ,h[ !n is ! n]ve to be protect$1 & yet ! sight n ob/ruct$8 ,if x 7 cov]$ ) sk9 z ! o!r n]ves are1 we c\ld n see ?r\gh x4 ,= ?\s&s ( ye>s aft] m5 _h eyes & us$ !m1 !y knew no sub/ance at once h>d & transp>5t1 :i* c\ld answ] ! d\ble purpose ( vision & protection4 ,to ?is day man kn[s no sub/ance cle> en\gh = vision1 h>d en\gh = protection1 & ela/ic en\gh to resume its =m #fj aft] a bl[4 ,n[ obs]ve 9 ! eye1 t =w>d "p1 call$ ! cornea1 is z x 7 ! wat*-glass4 ,x x is made ( a sub/ance at once h>d1 transp>5t & ela/ic2 some?+ :i* man has nev] be5 able to imitate4 ,x may be ask$1 :at is ! use ( s _m l5ses 9 ! eye8 ,light :5 refract$ ?r\gh a l5s1 becomes sep>at$ into its compon5t colors--r$1 yell[1 gre51 blue & violet4 ,s t if ! cry/all9e l5s ( ! eye alone 7 us$1 we %\ld see e :ite object1 blui% 9 ! middle1 & yell[i% & r$di% at ! edges4 ,?is difficulty p]plex$ ,sir ,isaac ,newton all 8 life1 & he nev] discov]$ ! mode ( mak+ a refract+ telescope :i* w\ld obviate x4 ,t rema9$ = ,m4 ,doll&1 a celebrat$ physician1 to d2 & he did x by /udy+ & imitat+ ! =mation ( ! eye4 ,n[ :at absurdity to say t a law ( nature1 su* z gravity1 or electricity has su* a k ( ! pr9ciples ( optics & me*anics z ! eye proclaims its ,=m] to h6 ,9 all ?is we see m>ks ( ! mo/ admirable design4 ,! eye is fitt$ bo? to gaze at ! />s millions ( miles away & m9utely exam9e objects only a few in*es di/ant4 ,9 ! brightness ( sun%9e ! pupil contracts 9 ord] to protect ! optic n]ve f injury2 9 twilight x exp&s s z to admit a great] am\nt ( light4 ,:5 we wi% to regulate ! admission ( light to our rooms we h rec\rse to v clumsy contrivances4 ,a self-act+ w9d[ :i* %all exp& 9 ! twilight & p>tially close ( its #fa own accord z ! light increases t[>ds noon1 has nev] be5 manufactur$ by man4 ,9 %ort1 anatomi/s h already obs]v$ m ?an eight hundr$ contrivances 9 ! dead eye1 :ile ! greate/ contrivance ( all1 ! p[] ( see+1 is utt]ly beyond _! k54 ,simil> argum5ts might be br\ght f e dep>tm5t ( nature to prove ! m>ks ( design 9 creation4 ,! "q !re=e returns ) d\ble =ce1 _h ! _w a creator or did x make itself8 ,!re are p]sons :o say x did1 & ) a braz5-fac$ impud5ce decl>e t ! ,bible tells a falsehood :5 x says t1 ,9 ! beg9n+1 ,god creat$ ! heav5s & ! e>?4 ,:]eas1 say !y1 we "k t matt] is et]nal1 & ! _w be+ :olly compos$ ( matt]1 !re=e1 ! heav5s & ! e>? are et]nal--nev] _h a beg9n+ nor a creator4 ,pr(\nd reason+ inde$6 ,9 ! same mann] we might say1 ,"h is a well-burn$ brick1 fre% f ! kiln1 :i* may la/ = a ?\s& ye>s to come2 !re=e1 x has always exi/$4 ,aga91 x is claim$ by "s t matt] is inde/ructible4 ,! f\ndation ( ! argum5t is z rott5 z ! sup]/ructure4 ,:o kn[s t fact8 = ! v reason t no "o c tell :at matt] 9 its own nature is4 ,we may heat wat] to a c]ta9 degree & *ange x into /eam1 b x is all !re 9 ! /eam4 ,we may burn coal & ?us *ange is appe>ance1 b its p>ticles are all !re1 9 ! =m ( gas1 a%es or t>4 ,all t any "o c say is1 t matt] is #fb inde/ructible by any p[] or ag5cy kn[n to man4 ,b to ass]t t matt] is et]nal1 because man _c de/roy x1 is z if a *ild %\ld try to beat a locomotive to pieces ) 8 /ick1 & fail+ 9 ! attempt %\ld say1 ,i am sure ?is locomotive exi/$ f et]nity1 because ,i am unable to de/roy x4 ,b1 suppos+ t matt] is et]nal1 h[ does t acc\nt = ! =mation ( ?is beautiful _w8 ,! e>? consi/s n ( "o sub/ance kn[n by t "n1 b ( a great v>iety ( mat]ial sub/ances z oxyg51 hydrog51 c>bon1 sulphur1 iron1 & "s fifty-two or ?ree o!rs already discov]$ 7see ,turn]'s ,*emi/ry1 section #cda74 ,n[ :i* ( ^! is ! et]nal matt] ref]r$ to8 ,is x iron1 or sulphur1 or c>bon1 or oxyg58 ,if x is any "o ( !m1 :]e did ! o!rs come f8 ,did a mass ( iron1 = example1 becom+ discont5t$ ) its condition1 sudd5ly *ange itself into a cl\d ( gas or a pail ( wat]8 ,or are all ! elem5ts et]nal8 ,h we fifty-eight et]nal sub/ances8 ,are !y all et]nal 9 _! pres5t comb9ations1 or is x only ! simple elem5ts t are et]nal8 ,:atev] may be ! answ]s to ^! que/ions1 !y give no light on ! =mation ( ?is _w1 :i* is n a %apeless mass call$ matt]1 b a beautiful build+ compos$ ( a v>iety ( sub/ances4 ,has ?is e>? exi/$ z x is f et]nity8 ,no man :o ev] 0 9 a qu>ry or gravel pit w say s1 mu* less "o :o has ! lea/ smatt]+ ( *emi/ry or geology4 ,if ! elem5ts :i* #fc compose ! e>? h n always exi/$ z we n[ f9d !m1 !n h[ came !y to put !mselves 9 _! pres5t %apes8 ,matt] has no p[] ( putt+ itself 9 motion :5 at re/1 nor ( com+ to re/ :5 9 motion4 ,a body w nev] *ange its place unless mov$1 & if once />t$ w move on =ev] unless /opp$4 ,= example1 if we leave our room1 & on our return f9d a book miss+1 we "k t "s "o has tak5 x--! book c\ld n h gone (f at its own sugge/ion4 ,n[ w ! infidels presume to tell u1 t ! fifty-eight prim>y elem5ts danc$ ab\t till ! air1 sea & e>? someh[ jumbl$ !mselves toge!r into ! pres5t %ape ( ?is glori\s & beautiful _w1 ) all its regul>ity ( day & night1 ,summ] & ,w9t]1 ) all its beautiful fl[]s & l(ty trees1 ) all its v>iety ( birds1 bea/s & fi%es1 n to speak ( ! beauties ( ! morn+1 ! gorge\s dyes ( sunset1 or ! sil5t glories ( ! midnight sky4 ,or to br+ ! "q d[n to ! level ( ! intellect ( ! mo/ /upid a!i/1 tell u 9 pla9 ,engli%1 did ! pav+ /ones make !mselves8 ,absurd z x seems1 !re are p]sons claim+ to be philosoph]s :o n only ass]t t !y did1 b w tell y h[ !y did x4 ,"o class ( !m ?9k !y f\nd x out by suppos+ ev]y?+ 9 ! univ]se r$uc$ to v f9e p[d]1 consi/+ ( v f9e gra9s1 :i* !y call atoms2 or1 if t is n f9e en\gh1 into gas1 ( :i* x is suppos$ ! p>ticles are too f9e #fd to be p]ceiv$1 & !n by diff]5t arrangem5ts ( ^! atoms1 accord+ to ! laws ( attraction1 electricity1 or "s o!r law1 ! v>i\s elem5ts ( ! _w 7 made1 & arrang$ 9 _! pres5t =ms4 ,b !n ! difficulty is only multipli$ millions ( times4 ,ea* bit ( pav+ /one1 no matt] h[ small y break x1 c no m make itself or move itself1 ?an c\ld ! :ole /one compos$ ( all ^! bits4 ,s we are l&$ back at ! sublime "q1 did ! pav+ /ones make !mselves8 ,o!rs w tell y t millions ( ye>s ago ! _w exi/$ z a va/ cl\d ( fire-mi/4 ,:at ?is fire-mi/ is !y d n "k1 b only t !re are c]ta9 comets1 :i* come )9 fifty or sixty millions ( miles ( ?is e>?1 :i* !y suppose may be compos$ ( fire-mi/4 ,h5ce !y imag9e t ! e>? also may h be5 made f ! same fire-mi/4 ,b :]e did ! mi/ come f8 ,did ! mi/ make itself8 ,:]e did ! fire come f8 ,did x k9dle ( its own accord8 ,:o put ! fire & ! mi/ toge!r8 ,0 x r$ hot en\gh f all et]nity to melt granite8 ,!n :y is x any cool] n[8 ,if x exi/$ z a r$ hot fire-mi/ f et]nity1 :y %\ld x ev] beg9 to cool at all8 ,infidels claim t !re 0 no?+ else 9 all ! univ]se except ?is fire-mi/4 ,!n ! cause ( all ?is mu/ h be5 9 ! mi/ itself4 ,9 o!r words1 ! fire-mi/ made itself1 !n ! pav+ /ones & ! infidels aft]w>ds4 #fe ,o!rs suppose t ! _w 0 once 9 a /age ( solution1 9 primeval oceans1 & t ! mix+ ( ^! wat]s caus$ !m to deposit a s$im5t1 :i* h>d5$ into rock1 !n vegetat$ into plants & trees1 !n grew into animals1 ^! 9 turn develop$ into monkeys1 & f9ally ! monkeys into m54 ,?us x is cle>ly demon/rat$ t !re is no ne$ = ! ,creator if we only _h somebody to make ^! primeval oceans1 somebody to mix !m toge!r1 & somebody to e/abli% ^! laws ( developm5t4 ,ano!r favorite !ory among infidels1 is t ( ,buffon1 ! va9-glori\s ,fr5* philosoph]4 ,8 !ory 0 t ! sun is a va/ melt$ mass1 & t once on a "t a huge comet /ruck ! sun 9 su* a mann]1 t portions ( x spla%$ (f1 j z a /one ?r[n 9 a slant+ direction into a bucket ( wat] w\ld cause portions ( ! wat] to spla% out ( ! vessel4 ,^! portions ( matt] 7act+ "u c]ta9 laws7 !n =m$ !mselves into sph]es & be+ cond5s$ by cold h become solid planets & satellites4 ,?us1 accord+ to ?is idea1 creation 0 only an accid5t aft] all4 ,/ill1 z might be expect$1 ?9k+ m5 kept ask+3 ,:]e did ! sun come f8 ,:at melt$ x d[n into a fluid /ate fit to be spla%$ ab\t8 ,:]e did ! comet come f8 ,& :o ?rew x ) s correct an aim1 z to hit ! sun exactly 9 an oblique direction4 #ff ,,illu/ration3 ,,sol> ,,sy/em ,?is idea receiv$ consid]able enc\ragem5t f a c]ta9 class ( sci5tific m5 dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ?is c5tury4 ,betwe5 ! orbits ( ,m>s & ,jupit] is a va/ space :i* 0 suppos$ to be unoccupi$4 ,9 ! fir/ sev5 ye>s ( ?is c5tury1 ?ree small planets 7 discov]$ revolv+ 9 orbits midway betwe5 ,m>s #fg & ,jupit]4 ,aft]w>ds _m o!rs 7 discov]$ until n[ ! numb] exce$s two hundr$4 ,dr4 ,olb]s1 ! discov]] ( two ( !m1 ,pallas & ,ve/a1 f9d+ t _! orbits 7 comp>atively ne> toge!r & sometimes cross$ ea* o!r1 imag9$ t !y 7 =m$ by ! explosion ( a l>ge planet or by a comet com+ 9 contact ) a l>ge planet & ?us %att]+ x to pieces4 ,?is !ory seem$ all ! m plausible see+ t ^! m9or worlds or pocket planets1 z ,h]s*el /yles !m1 are exce$+ly dim9utive4 ,s1 to use a famili> illu/ration1 he imag9$ ! boil] ( a l>ge locomotive _h bur/ & ! fragm5ts _h all alight$ on ! track 9 ! %ape ( h&-c>s2 mu* m1 t ! h&-c>s _h magnanim\sly resolv$ to keep runn+ & d ! bus9ess ( ! l9e4 ,at fir/ sight ?is !ory seem$ /r5g!n$ by e new discov]y4 ,x is true1 reflect+ m5 c\ld n help wond]+ at su* a /range ev5t1 t w\ld produce beautiful little planets all by accid5t4 ,!y nev] he>d ( ! bl[+ up ( a palace produc+ cottages1 or ! fragm5ts ( a /eam-%ip *ang+ into yawl-boats1 nor ev5 ! pieces ( a wreck$ locomotive becom+ neat little eng9es or ev5 respectable h&-c>s4 ,h[ev]1 z ! !ory remov$ ,god out ( sight1 x 0 g5]ally accept$ by ! infidels & freely us$ by !m1 to %[ t ! _w has no ne$ ( a ,creator4 ,g5u9e sci5ti/s1 h[ev]1 7 n long 9 see+ ! absurdity & demon/rat+ ! #fh impossibility ( su* a !ory4 ,x 0 f\nd t _! orbits did n co9cide by m ?an tw5ty millions ( miles4 ,aga91 x has be5 prov5 t comets are incapable ( greatly affect+ a sun or planet4 ,h]s*el says1 ,x is evid5t t ! mo/ unsub/antial cl\ds :i* float 9 ! highe/ region ( our atmosph]e mu/ be look$ ^u z d5se & massy bodies comp>$ ) ! filmy texture ( a comet4 ,?us ,reason decl>es1 t ! _w did n make itself4 ,! s\l ( man did n make itself4 ,! body ( man did n make itself4 ,!y mu/ h _h an intellig5t ,creator1 :o is ,god4 ,! "w is n ! workman2 ! h\se is n ! build]2 ! wat* is n ! wat*mak]4 ,! mak] is always di/9ct f ! ?+ made & sup]ior to x4 ,y1 & ,i1 & ! univ]se h be5 made2 !re=e1 our ,creator is di/9ct f u1 & sup]ior to u4 ,! consci\sness ( our ignorance & weakness confirms ?is fact4 ,! s\l ( man is n ! highe/ intellig5ce 9 ! univ]se4 ,9 8 pres5t /ate he has n yet acquir$ a k ( ! laws & functions ( ! body he inhabits1 mu* less ! laws t sway ! univ]se4 ,he may "k mu* ab\t :at does n conc]n him2 b he feels 8 weakness :]e 8 de>e/ int]e/s are conc]n$4 ,he may be able to tell ! place ( a di/ant planet a c5tury h5ce2 b he _c tell :]e he himself w be next ye>4 ,he may calculate = ye>s ! motion ( ! tides2 b he _c tell h[ 8 own pulse w beat to-morr[1 #fi or :e!r x w beat at all4 ,ev] z 8 k ( ! laws ( nature increases1 8 conviction deep5s t a wis] head & a /rong] h& ?an 8 plann$ & rules ! _w4 ,! _w's hi/ory decl>es ! exi/5ce & gov]nm5t ( ,god4 ,hi/ory is b ! record ( m5's acts & ,god's provid5ces1 ( m5's crimes & ,god's puni%m5ts4 ,once ,he swept away ! human race ) a flood ( wat] because ! wick$ness ( man 0 great ^u ! e>?4 ,aga91 ,he te/ifi$ ,8 displeasure aga9/ ! wick$ ( ,sodom & ,gomorrah by consum+ ^? cities by fire f heav51 & leav+ ! ,dead ,sea to roll its solemn waves ( w>n+ to ! end ( "t4 ,no am\nt ( le>n+ or skill1 weal? or comm]ce1 p[] ( arms1 or ext5t ( t]ritory1 has ev] secur$ a wick$ nation aga9/ ! sword ( ,god's ju/ice4 ,read ! black record ( ! pa/4 ,:]e is ! greatness ( ,egypt1 ,n9eveh1 ,babylon & ,petra8 ,tyre _h %ips1 colonies & comm]ce1 ,rome an empire ( half a hemisph]e2 ,greece _h philosophy1 arts & lib]ty secur$ by a conf$]ation ( republics1 ,spa9 ! treasures ( ! e>?'s gold & silv]8 b ^! did n exempt !m f ! moral gov]nm5t ( ,god4 ,8 laws sway ! univ]se1 & l9k toge!r s9 ) mis]y1 & crime ) puni%m5t1 9 ! braz5 fett]s ( et]nal ju/ice4 ,^! nations h be5 hurl$ d[n f ! p9nacle ( _! greatness1 to da% !mselves 9 pieces aga9/ ea* o!r 9 ! valley ( de/ruction2 & !re !y lie1 wrecks ( nations1 ru9s ( empires1 naught rema9+1 save "s %iv]$ fragm5ts ( =m] greatness1 to %[ t !y once exi/$ & 7 ! enemies ( ,god4 #gj ,,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,dead ,,sea #ga 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,our ,,ne$ ,,( ,,revelation4 ,,revelation ,,progressive--,,its ,,relation ,,to ,,civilization--,,solomon--,,8 ,,prov]bs--,,newman',s ,,absurdities--,,c>lyle--,,p>k]--,,hea!n ,,philosophy ,,immoral--,,anci5t ,,roman ,,songs--,,"* ,,( ,,hea!n ,,deities--,,religion ,,( ,,india--,,compte--,,bradlaugh--,,*e/]fi eld--,,pa9e4 ,! philosoph] f9ds only two books 9 all ! _w--two div9e1 orig9al books1 viz41 ! ,volume ( ,nature1 & ! ,revelations ( ,god4 ,all o!rs are m]e comm5t>ies ^u ^! two orig9al1 div9e books4 ,to ^! p]ta9 all t has be5 ?\ght1 said or writt51 9 all ! ages pa/2 &1 we might add1 all t ev] w be writt5 9 all ! ages to come4 ,t :i* expla9s1 del9eates or illu/rates ! volume ( nature is call$ ,sci5ce4 ,t :i* unfolds to u ! attributes ( ,god1 our own nature & de/9y is revelation4 ,x treats ( t :i* man _c o!rwise p]ceive2 its records are call$ ! ,scriptures or ,books ( ,inspiration4 #gb ,! volume ( nature is writt5 ^u ! rocks1 fields1 =e/s & all ! v>i$ =ms ( animal life1 9 symbolic *>act]s1 :i* x is ! prov9ce ( sci5ce to deciph]4 ,! volume ( revelation is ! impress ( ! div9e w on man's spiritual nature4 ,?us bo? are ! h&writ+ ( ,deity ,himself4 ,sci5ce tea*es u mat]ial laws 9 relation to "t4 ,revelation in/ructs n m]ely 9 ^!1 b likewise includes spiritual laws & et]nal duration4 ,! lessons t man le>ns f age to age are progressive ev5 z a s*ool boy's4 ,sci5ce & revelation are !re=e progressive1 ?\gh 9 some:at diff]5t ways4 ,! =m] advances ma9ly ?r\gh ! ex]cise ( human reason2 ! latt] ?r\gh man's m favor$ circum/ances1 & ! increas$ div9e illum9ation ( 8 spiritual nature4 ,h[ va91 h[ arrogant ! babbl+s ( ! sect>ians :o tell u t ! book ( revelation is =ev] clos$6 ,t man1 9 ?is pu]ile /ate1 has already tak5 possession ( ! :ole treasure ( div9e tru?6 ,t ! human m9d ) its poor plummet has already s\nd$ ! dep?s ( ! div9e oracles6 ,/ill m b5ight$ are !y :o d n see t !re is a div9e z well z human elem5t 9 all our progress1 t purity ( he>t is necess>y = ! cle>e/ p]ception ev5 ( ! tru?s ( sci5ce4 ,?us ! nations z well z ! individuals :o h ! highe/ spiritual light are precisely ^? :o h made ! greate/ intellectual progress4 ,if we look ov] a map ( ! _w we f9d t ^? #gc nations :i* possess ! pure/ religi\s ideas are precisely ^? :i* h made ! greate/ intellectual1 social & political progress4 ,n[ religi\s ideas emanate f ,god4 ,!y are ! result ( ! action ( ! div9e w on ! m9ds ( m54 ,?us ! progress ( ! nations dep5ds ^u ! revelations ( ,god4 ,?\s&s ( ye>s ago1 ,solomon p]ceiv$ ?is fact4 ,he 0 a man ( great le>n+ z well z practical common s5se4 ,he und]/ood n m]ely ! sci5ce ( gov]nm5t1 b likewise botany1 or ! sci5ce ( plants1 f ! mighty trees t grew on ,m\nt ,lebanon1 to ! t9y hyssop t grew 9 crevices ( ! g>d5 wall3 & ! natural hi/ory ( bea/s & birds1 reptiles & fi%es4 ,he 0 also skill$ 9 lit]ature2 he is said to h made ?ree ?\s& prov]bs1 & 8 songs 7 a ?\s& & five 7see ,i4 ,k+s1 iv *ap74 ,bett] ?an all ?is1 9 ! op9ion ( _m1 especially infidels1 he made money1 & tells u h[ to make & keep x4 ,any "y man w make hundr$s ( doll>s by read+ 8 ,prov]bs & act+ on !m4 ,!y w\ld h sav$ "s ( u _m a ?\s&4 ,( c\rse ,solomon knew some?+ ( ! _w4 ,he 0 a wide-awake trad]2 8 %ips coa/$ ! %ores ( ,asia & ,africa1 f ,madagasc> to ,japan2 & ! ov]l& c>avans f ,india & ,*9a drew up 9 ! depots he built = !m 9 ! he>t ( ! des]t4 ,he knew ! well-do+ p ) :om trade 0 pr(itable1 & ! savages :o c\ld only s5d apes & peacocks 7see ,i4 ,k+s1 *ap4 x74 ,solomon 0 a philosoph] z well z a trad]1 & c\ld n help be+ deeply impress$ ) ! great fact t !re 0 a wide diff]5ce betwe5 ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,"s 7 enlight5$1 ent]pris+1 civiliz$ & fl\ri%+2 o!rs 7 nak$ savages1 p]petually at w> ) ea* o!r1 liv+ 9 ignorance1 pov]ty1 vice & on ! v]ge ( />vation4 #gd ,,illu/ration3 ,,giant ,,cities ,,( ,,ba%an1 ,,built ,,by ,,solomon #ge ,solomon also notic$ ano!r fact1 t ! nations :i* 7 favor$ ) ! revelations ( ,god1 7 ! civiliz$1 ent]pris+ & comp>atively prosp]\s nations4 ,9 ,pale/9e1 ,*aldea & ,mesopotamia1 ,god _h reveal$ ,8 w to c]ta9 p]sons = ! b5efit ( ! race4 ,ev5 ,egypt1 x is n[ g5]ally admitt$1 pass$ ?r\gh ! era ( h] greate/ prosp]ity at ! "t %e 0 9 close relation%ip & communication ) ! ,hebrew ,patri>*s1 ,abraham1 ,jacob & ,joseph1 :o 7 ! liv+ oracles ( ,god1 & ^: influ5ce greatly increas$ = a "t h] national prosp]ity4 ,on ! o!r h& ! nations t 7 un9flu5c$ by ! revelations ( ,god1 7 ! idolatr\s savages1 :o 7 b little above ! level ( ! brutes4 ,solomon epitomiz$ ^! great facts 9 ! prov]b1 ,:]e !re is no vision ! p p]i%1 b he t keepe? ! law1 happy is he 7,prov]bs xxix1 #ah74 ,o1 says ! skeptic1 ! _w is wis] n[ ?an x 0 9 ,solomon's days4 ,he liv$ 9 ! old times ( ignorance & sup]/ition1 :5 m5 attribut$ ev]y?+ extraord9>y to ! gods4 ,b we are too wise n[ to believe 9 revelation4 #gf ,aga91 ,/raus says1 ,no j notion ( philosophy or hi/ory is possible :i* includes a belief ( ^? ?+s t we d n und]/&4 ,dep? ( wisdom inde$6 ,we d n und]/& h[ a blade ( grass gr[s1 !re=e we mu/ d5y its exi/5ce4 ,"o _c help be+ amaz$ at ! cool impud5ce ) :i* ^! m5 take = grant$ ! v po9t to be prov$1 & set aside z unwor?y ( s]i\s exam9ation1 ! mo/ au!ntic records ( hi/ory1 simply because !y d n co9cide ) _! s-call$ philosophy2 & at ! cr$ulity ) :i* _! foll[]s swall[ ^! arrogant ass]tions1 z if !y 7 self-evid5t tru?s4 ,let u look at ?is argum5t = a mom5t4 ,pagan religions h _! fables1 !re=e1 ! ,hebrew & ,*ri/ian records are fables4 ,9 o!r words1 s9ce c\nt]feit bank bills exi/ !re=e none are g5u9e4 ,skeptics (f] no pro(s t miracles are impossible4 ,yet1 surely1 if !y imply a contradiction1 t contradiction c\ld be %[n4 ,! creation ( ?is _w is ! mo/ /up5d\s ( all miracles2 yet all m5 admit t ?is miracle occurr$4 ,! exp]i5ce ( man is n ! limit ( k4 ,revelation is n impossible because sup]natural4 ,! _w is z full ( sup]natural works z ( natural4 ,! miracles record$ 9 ! /rata ( ! e>?'s cru/ are z great z any record$ 9 ! ,bible4 ,if1 z ! infidel ass]ts1 religion & sup]/ition are id5tical1 & ignorance is ! cause1 h[ #gg happ5s x t ! mo/ intellectual & progressive nations are ^? :i* h ! cle>e/ religi\s ideas8 ,! hi/ory ( nations univ]sally & unequivocally decl>es ?is fact4 ,ev5 among ! s-call$ ,*ri/ian nations ( ,europe & ,am]ica we f9d _! intellectual culture & g5]al progress 9 exact proportion to ! purity ( _! respective fai?s4 ,:ile we look 9 va91 among ! hea!n nations ( ,africa to f9d a s+le b5efactor ( ! race1 or "o wor?y to be di/+ui%$ among ! millions ( h] population 9 all ! c\ntless g5]ations pa/4 ,9 ! face ( all ?is we f9d a sort ( spirituali/ic philosoph]s :o tell u t we h no ne$ ( communication f ,god4 ,newman1 9 8 ,phases ( ,fai?1 page #aeg1 says1 ,miracul\s ph5om5a w nev] prove ! attributes ( ,god if we d n "k ^! ?+s 9 & ( ourselves4 ,c>lyle1 9 8 ,pa/ & ,pres5t1 page #cjg1 exclaims1 ,revelations6 inspirations6 inde$6 & ?y own mighty transc5d5t1 god-l s\l1 do/ ?\ n call t a revelation8 ,su* sort ( tra%1 :i* passes = pr(\nd philosophy1 is taught 9 hundr$s ( colleges1 & is e*o$ f ?\s&s ( pulpits by m5 :o call !mselves ,*ri/ian m9i/]s1 b :o c\ld n reap _! ri* sal>ies if !y w\ld op5ly av[ _! a!ism4 ,!odore ,p>k] says1 ,if a fact dep5ds ^u revelation1 x is n et]nally true1 & if x is n et]nally true x is no tru? at all4 ,pr(\nd philosophy inde$6--z if et]nally true1 & suffici5tly kn[n 7 j ! same ?+4 ,to use #gh a famili> illu/ration1 because vacc9ation w\ld always h prev5t$ ! small pox1 if x _h be5 kn[n1 !re=e ! _w is "u no obligation to ,j5n] = in=m+ u ( ! fact4 ,newman adds 9 ano!r place1 ,i _c receive in/ruction f ano!r be+4 ,aga91 ,nei!r ,god nor man c reveal any religi\s tru?s to our m9ds4 ,p>k] says1 ,on ,8 7,god's7 ^w or z ,8 second1 be he :om he may1 ,i c accept no?+ 7,p>k]'s ,disc\rse page #bji74 ,n[ we are tempt$ to ask1 :o are ^! wond]ful prodigies1 s incapable ( receiv+ in/ruction f anybody8 ,& to our amazem5t we le>n t "s =ty or fifty ye>s ago1 !y made _! appe>ance among mank9d z little squall+ babies1 )\t insight en\gh to "k _! own names or :o !y 71 or :]e !y came f1 & 7 actually dep5d5t on an ext]nal revelation1 f _! nurses1 = s5se en\gh to f9d _! mo!rs' brea/s4 ,& z !y grew a little l>g]1 !y le>n$ ! art ( speak+ articulate s\nds1 by ext]nal revelation3 viz41 he>+ & repeat+ s\nds made by o!rs4 ,fur!r1 on a c]ta9 day !y _h a book revelation made to !m1 9 ! %ape ( a t5 c5t prim]1 & receiv$ _! fir/ lessons by ! in/ructions ( ano!r4 ,!y _h n !n ! lea/ insight1 or spiritual faculty1 or mighty transc5d5t s\l1 by :i* !y c\ld le>n all ?+s 9 & ( !mselves4 ,fai? 9 ! ^w ( _! tea*]s 0 absolutely ! only means by :i* !y le>n$ to speak1 read & write4 #gi ,b ?is is n half _! indebt$ness to ext]nal revelation4 ,!y admit t a ,feejee cannibal has j ! same mighty & transc5d5t s\l t !y !mselves h4 ,h[1 !n1 does x happ5 t ,newman1 ,em]son & ,p>k]1 & all _! foll[]s1 :o are too pr\d to be taught ( ,god1 are n assembl$ ar\nd a cannibal's ov51 sme>+ _! faces ) ! blood & fea/+ !mselves on ! limbs ( wom5 & *ildr58 ,is x n1 aft] all1 ! revelations ( ,god & ! tea*+s dep5d+ !reon t make ! :ole diff]5ce betwe5 ! civiliz$ ,am]ican & 8 ,feejee bro!r8 ,x is amus+ to see h[ ^! mod]n a!i/s1 :o reject ,moses & ! ,prophets1 z well z ,*ri/ & ,8 ,apo/les1 w p]mit !mselves to g into ec/acies ov] ! suppos$ wisdom ( anci5t hea!n philosoph]s1 su* z ,socrates1 ,plato & ,ari/otle4 ,b on exam9ation we f9d t ! tea*+s ( all ^! philosoph]s 7 immoral4 ,! gratification ( ! s5sual appetites 0 op5ly taught4 ,he may /eal1 says ,plato1 :o kn[s h[ to d x4 ,oa?s are frequ5t 9 ! writ+s ( ,plato & ,s5eca4 ,an/ippus taught t a wise man _h a "r to commit adult]y4 ,ari/otle v9dicat$ ! awful crimes ( foeticide & infanticide4 ,ev5 suicide 0 def5d$ by ,cic]o & ,s5eca z ! m>k ( a h]o1 & ,demo/h5es1 ,cato1 ,brutus & ,cassius c>ri$ ! means ( self-de/ruction ab\t !m1 t !y might n fall alive into ! h&s ( _! enemies4 #hj ,! laws ( ! be/-regulat$ hea!n /ates comm5d$ or approv$ ( vice4 ,! /ud5t ( ! classics ne$ n be rem9d$ t ! songs ( ,ovid1 ,horace & ,virgil w\ld n be tol]at$ 9 ! vile/ !at] ( ,new ,york or ,*icago4 ,! laws ( ,sp>ta requir$ !ft1 & ! murd] ( unheal?y *ildr54 ,! ,c>?ag9ian law requir$ human sacrifices2 & 9 anci5t ,babylon1 pro/itution 0 compulsory on e female4 ,plato1 dissatisfi$ ) ! laws ( 8 c\ntry1 wrote out a code ( morals & laws :i* he ?\ght mu* bett]4 ,9 ?is hea!n ,utopia ! ideas ( home & family 7 ignor$4 ,m>riage 0 to be unkn[n2 wom5's rights 7 to be ma9ta9$ by hav+ ! wom5 tra9$ to w>4 ,*ildr5 7 /ill to be murd]$ if conv5i5ce call$ = x4 ,little boys & girls 7 to be l$ to battle at a safe di/ance1 t ! "y :elps may e>ly sc5t c>nage & be inur$ to slaught]4 ,su* 7 ! l(tie/ ideas ( ! greate/ philosoph] ( antiquity4 ,aft] all 8 speculations & writ+1 ,plato admitt$1 ,we _c "k ( ourselves :at petition w be pleas+ to ,god1 or :at wor%ip we %\ld pay to ,him2 b x is necess>y t a lawgiv] %\ld be s5t f heav5 to in/ruct u4 ,oh1 h[ greatly d ,i long to see t man6 ,he fur!r adds1 ,?is lawgiv] mu/ be m ?an man1 t he may tea* u ?+s man _c "k by 8 own nature4 ,:o has n dropp$ a te> ov] ! dy+ words ( ,socrates8 ,i am go+ out ( ! _w1 & y are to cont9ue 9 x1 b :i* ( u has #ha ! bett] "p is a secret to e "o b ,god6 ,also ^? memorable words1 ,we mu/ ( necessity wait till "s "o1 :o c>e? = u1 %all come & in/ruct u h[ we ought to behave t[>d ,god & t[>d man4 ,nor is x to be expect$ t ! anci5t ,egyptians1 ,greeks1 ,romans & o!r hea!n nations %\ld h an exalt$ idea ( virtue1 :5 we consid] ! "* ( ! gods !y wor%ip$4 ,! ,egyptian deities consi/$ ( bulls & dogs1 cats & rats1 snakes & crocodiles4 ,:5 a dog di$ ! :ole h\se w5t into m\rn+ & fa/$ till night4 ,a ,roman soldi] :o _h accid5tally kill$ a cat 0 puni%$ ) dea? 7see ,diodorus ,siculus1 ,book ,i74 ,! great1 mighty & transc5d5t s\l1 z ,c>lyle t]ms x1 _h be5 degrad$ s l[ t !re is a picture 9 "o ( ! pyramids1 ( an ,egyptian k+ wor%ip+ 8 own c(f94 ,! ,greeks f _! int]c\rse ) ! ,jews le>n$ "s correct religi\s ideas1 especially aft] ! conque/ ( ,pale/9e by ,alex&]1 & ! translation ( ! scriptures into ! ,greek language1 9 ! reign ( ,ptolemy ,philadelphus1 ,b4 ,c4 #bdj4 ,be=e ?is p]iod little s5se c be f\nd 9 _! religion4 ,_! gods 7 z dete/able z !y 7 num]\s4 ,hesiod tells u !y _h ?irty ?\s&4 ,_! supreme god1 ,jupit]1 0 an adult]]4 ,m>s1 a murd]]4 ,m]cury1 a ?ief1 ,bac*us1 a drunk>d & ,v5us1 a pro/itute4 ,to _! inf]ior gods !y attribut$ o!r crimes too horrible to be m5tion$4 ,^! gods #hb !y wor%ip$ ) c]emonies ( lu/1 drunk5ness & blood%$ unfit to be describ$4 ,if any "o supposes t ! condition ( ! mod]n hea!ns is any bett] ?an x 0 9 anci5t times1 let him turn to ,india1 :]e he w f9d "o hundr$ & fifty millions ( rational be+s1 possess+1 z ,!odore ,p>k] says1 all ne$ful spiritual light1 :o wor%ip ?ree hundr$ & ?irty millions ( gods 9 ! =m ( hills & trees1 riv]s & rocks1 elephants & tig]s1 monkeys & rats1 s]p5ts & crocodiles1 & mon/]s unlike any?+ 9 heav5 or on e>?4 ,! mon/] idol1 ,jugg]naut1 w d z a specim5 ( all4 ,ar\nd 8 temple c\ntless multitudes f all p>ts ( ,india1 congregate annually1 _m ( !m hav+ measur$ ) _! own bodies ! :ole di/ance ( _! we>y pilgrimage4 ,)9 ! temple1 ! mon/] idol1 ) its frightful grim & di/ort$ visage1 sits en?ron$1 amid ?\s&s ( massive sculptures1 ! repres5tative emblem ( t cruelty & vice :i* con/itute ! v ess5ce ( 8 wor%ip4 ,!re 9 _! sacr$ city ( ,b5>es may be se5 at all times cr[ds ( religi\s devotees & m5dicants2 "s rema9+ all day ) _! heads on ! gr\nd & _! feet 9 ! air2 "s cramm+ _! eyes ) mud & _! m\?s ) /raw2 o!rs ) _! limbs fa/5$ 9 unnatural positions1 & /ill o!rs ) little pots ( fire plac$ ^u _! brea/s1 hop+ by ^! self-inflict$ tortures to w9 ! favor ( ! god4 ,:5 ! day ( ! high fe/ival arrives1 ! horrid idol is #he dragg$ =? f 8 temple & m\nt$ on a l(ty c> 9 ! pres5ce ( hundr$s ( ?\s&s :o r5d ! air ) _! %\ts1 ,victory to ,jugg]naut6 ,!n ! (ficiat+ prie/ comm5ces ! c]emonies by a loa?some pantomimic exhibition accompani$ by ! utt]ance ( obsc5e & fil?y songs1 to :i* ! va/ multitude at int]vals respond1 n 9 ! /ra9s ( tuneful melody1 b 9 l\d yells ( approbation4 ,aft] ?is ! t]rible c>nage comm5ces2 = z ! c> is dragg$ ?r\gh ! /reets1 ! m en?usia/ic devotees ?r[ !mselves b5ea? ! :eels1 & are in/antly cru%$ to pieces1 ! infatuat$ victims ( helli% sup]/ition4 ,on ! neighbor+ hills1 ! s-call$ sacr$ vultures may be se5 fea/+ on ^! corpses & ! bleak & b>r5 s&s on ! roadside are =ev] :it5$ ) ! skulls & bones ( delud$ pilgrims1 :i* lie blea*+ 9 ! sun 7see ,duff's ,india1 page #bbb74 ,( c\rse1 high-ton$ infidels d n consid] !mselves z debas$ z ! natives ( ,india4 ,:at !n is ! t5d5cy ( _! tea*+s8 ,m4 ,compte1 a lead+ skeptical writ]1 tells u1 ,*ildhood %\ld be taught to wor%ip idols1 y\? to believe 9 "o ,god1 & full gr[n m5 7l himself7 to adore ! resultant ( all ! =ces ( ! univ]se1 n =gett+ _! wor?y fri5ds ! animals 7see ,politique ,positive1 ,vol4 ,,ii4 page #fj74 ,if ?is is n ! tea*+s ( idolatry1 :at is x8 ,aga91 we f9d t ! :ole s*ool ( infidel writ]s v9dicate & apologize = ! v wor/ #hd ( crimes4 ,bradlaugh1 ! lead+ a!i/ ( ,engl&1 decl>es t1 ,a man is no m to be blam$ = ! indulg5ce ( lu/ or ang]1 ?an he is = ?ir/ or dr[s9ess4 ,hume1 ^: argum5ts are s (t5 us$ by ,am]ican infidels1 taught t adult]y mu/ be practic$ by mank9d1 if !y w\ld obta9 all ! advantages ( life4 ,"l ,*e/]field1 ano!r prom95t infidel1 9 8 lett]s to 8 son 7:i* 7 design$ = publication7 in/ructs him 9 ! art ( s$uction1 z "p ( a polite education4 ,nor is ! "* ( infidels any bett] ?an _! tea*+s4 ,take1 = example1 ,?omas ,pa9e1 ! au?or ( ! ,age ( ,reason1 ^: bir?-day is annually celebrat$1 & :o is held up by infidels z a model = ! "y4 ,a few extracts f a lett] writt5 to him1 by 8 fell[-infidel1 & co-work]1 ,william ,c>v]1 may n be out ( place4 ,new ,ro*elle1 ,decemb] #bnd1 #ahjc4 ,mr4 ,?omas ,pa9e4 ,sir3--,i receiv$ y\r lett] dat$ ! #be? ult41 & aft] m9utely exam9+ its cont5ts1 ,i f\nd t y _h tak5 to ! pitiful subt]fuge ( ly+ = y\r def5se4 ,y say t y paid me f\r doll>s p] week = y\r bo>d & lodg+1 dur+ ! "t y 7 ) me1 prior to ! fir/ ( ,june la/2 :i* 0 ! day t ,i w5t up1 by y\r ord]1 to take y to ,new ,york1 f ,new ,ro*elle4 ,x is =tunate = me t ,i h a liv+ witness :o saw y give me five gu9eas1 & no m 9 my %op at y\r dep>ture at t "t4 ,n[ y h means1 :y d y n pay me ! rema9d]8 ,y said y w\ld h giv5 me m1 b t y _h no m ) y at t "t4 ,y say1 also1 #he t y f\nd y\r own liquors dur+ ! "t y bo>d$ ) me2 b y %\ld h said t y f\nd only a small "p ( ! liquor y drank dur+ y\r /ay ) me4 ,t "p y pur*as$ ( ,john ,fell[s & consi/$ ( a demi-john ( br&y conta9+ f\r gallons1 & t did n s]ve y ?ree weeks4 ,?is c be prov$1 & ,i mean n to say any?+ t ,i _c prove1 = ,i hold tru? z a preci\s jewel4 ,x is a well-kn[n fact1 t y drank "o qu>t ( br&y p] day at my exp5se1 dur+ ! diff]5t times y bo>d$ ) me1 besides ! demi-john above m5tion$1 & ! la/ f\rte5 weeks y 7 sick4 ,0 n ?is a suffici5t supply = d9n] & supp]8 99 99 99 99 99 ,i h (t5 wond]$ t a ,fr5* woman & ?ree *ildr5 %\ld leave ,france & all _! connections to foll[ ,?omas ,pa9e to ,am]ica4 ,suppose ,i 7 to g to my native c\ntry1 ,engl&1 & take ano!r man's wife1 & ?ree *ildr5 ( 8 & leave my wife & *ildr5 9 ?is c\ntry2 :at w\ld be ! natural conclusion 9 ! m9ds ( ! p1 b t !re 0 "s crim9al connection betwe5 ! woman & myself8 ,su* is ! morality ( ^? :o d5\nce ! ,bible z an immoral book1 & blaspheme ! ,god ( revelation z too vile to be rev]5c$ or wor%ip$4 ,n ev5 ! fri5ds ( ,pa9e h ev] d5i$ ! g5u95ess ( ?is & o!r lett]s t cle>ly reveal 8 private "*4 7,= full p>ticul>s see ,discussion ,betwe5 ,dr4 ,b]g & ,mr4 ,b>k]1 publi%$ by ,w4 ,s4 ,"y1 ,philadelphia1 #ahed47 ,once 9 mod]n times a nation _h ! opportunity ( %[+ ! _w a specim5 ( an infidel republic4 ,! ,bible 0 publicly burn$4 ,dea? 0 decl>$ an et]nal sleep2 ,god 0 decl>$ a fiction1 ! ,sabba? 0 aboli%$ & religi\s wor%ip d5\nc$4 ,& :at 0 #hf ! consequ5ce8 ,revolution aft] revolution occurr$4 ,?\s&s1 aye millions1 ( ! sons ( ,france 7 sla9 9 ! w>s t ensu$4 ,wave aft] wave ( blood roll$ ?r\gh ! guilty /reets ( ,p>is1 & ! p 7 clo!d 9 m\rn+ f "o end ( ! l& to ! o!r4 ,9 ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce x is decl>$ t1 ,mank9d are end[$ by _! ,creator ) c]ta9 inali5able rights4 ,x is well said3 ! law ( ,god is ! only secure basis = ! rights ( man4 #hg ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,validity ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,z ,,%[n ,,by ,,int]nal ,,evid5ce4 ,,influ5ce ,,( ,,! ,,scriptures--,,_! ,,agreem5t ,,) ,,secul> ,,hi/ory--,,colony ,,( ,,philippi--,,anci5t ,,co9--,,c]ta9ty ,,( ,,bible ,,hi/ory--,,gibbon',s ,,te/imony--,,quotations ,,( ,,celsus--,,m>cion ,,! ,,apo/ate--,,classification ,,( ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,books--,,avocations ,,( ,,! ,,apo/les--,,_! ,,mann] ,,( ,,prea*+--,,!y ,,*all5g$ ,,criticism--,,d5ial ,,( ,,miracles1 ,a ,,mod]n ,,inv5tion--,,suff]+s ,,( ,,! ,,apo/les--,,!y ,,seal$ ,,_! ,,te/imony ,,) ,,_! ,,blood4 ,fai? re/s ^u facts1 sup]/ition on !ories4 ,fai? is increas$ by intellig5ce1 sup]/ition by ignorance1 ,fai? c\rts inve/igation = !reby x is /r5g!n$2 sup]/ition %uns x z fatal to its exi/5ce4 ,?\s&s c be> witness to ! tru? ( ! words ( ! ,savior1 ,if any man w d ,8 w he %all "k ( ! doctr9e1 :e!r x be ( ,god or :e!r ,i speak ( myself2 yet surr\nd$ z we are by skeptics & cavil]s ( e sort1 x is well t we %\ld be prep>$ to w>d (f ! fi]y d>ts ( ! wick$1 to meet !m ) _! own argum5ts1 & z ! y\?ful #hh ,david did to ,golia? 9 days ( old1 cut (f ! boa/ful a!i/ic giant's head ) 8 own sword4 ,9 look+ ov] ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 we f9d t ^? books1 :i* collectively are call$ ! scriptures1 h 9 all ages1 ex]t$ a controll+ influ5ce ov] ! de/9ies ( mank9d4 ,_! tea*+s are p]us$ ) pleasure by ! *ild1 & pond]$ ) pati5ce by ! philosoph]4 ,_! practical wisdom has guid$ ! judgm5t ( ! wise/ k+s ( antiquity & /ill tea* ! humble/ peasant 8 duty to 8 neighbor4 ,_! preci\s promises h light$ ! prophetic eyes ( old2 !y are /ill *ant$ by ! "m ov] h] cradle1 & by ! orphan ov] ! tomb4 ,"h1 ?\s&s ( miles di/ant f ! places :]e !y 7 fir/ reveal$1 9 a language unkn[n alike at ,cumorah & ,j]usalem1 !y rule z lov+ly & z p[]fully z 9 _! native soil4 ,) all ^! palpable facts 9 view1 let u enquire into ! orig9 ( ! book :i* has produc$ su* results4 ,on look+ at ! ,bible we f9d x compos$ ( a numb] ( sep>ate treatises writt5 by diff]5t au?ors1 at v>i\s times2 "s p>ts fifte5 hundr$ ye>s be=e ! o!rs4 ,we f9d also1 t x treats ( ! v beg9n+ ( ! _w be=e man 0 made & ( matt]s ( :i* we h no o!r au!ntic hi/ory4 ,aga91 we f9d portions :i* treat ( ev5ts connect$ 9 a ?\s& places ) ! affairs ( ! ,m$o-,p]sian1 ,mac$onian & ,roman empires1 ( :i* we h sev]al cr$ible #hi hi/ories4 ,n[ ! /atem5ts made 9 ^! works1 s f> z !y ref] to subjects m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible agree ) ! ,biblical record1 9 e p>ticul>4 ,fur!r1 ! inscriptions on monum5ts & anci5t co9s h (t5 settl$ moot$ que/ions 9 hi/ory & inv>iably h be5 f\nd to agree ) ! scriptural n>rative4 ,= example1 we are told 9 ,acts1 xiv #ab1 t ,paul w5t to ,philippi1 :i* is ! *ief city ( t "p ( ,mac$onia1 & a colony4 ,n[1 says ! infidel1 ,greece at t "t 0 a conqu]$ c\ntry2 & x 0 contr>y to ,roman cu/oms to =m colonies ( ,roman citiz5s 9 conqu]$ c\ntries4 ,besides1 we h no acc\nt by any ,roman hi/orian t ,philippi 0 a colony4 ,h5ce we may conclude t ! ,new ,te/am5t acc\nt is incorrect4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,facsimile ,,( ,,co9 ,,f\nd ,,at ,,philippi ,at fir/ all ?is seem$ plausible1 b a few ye>s ago1 a sci5tific association 0 =m$ to excavate among ! ru9s ( ea/]n cities1 &1 among o!rs1 ,philippi came 9 = a %>e ( att5tion4 ,9 excavat+ ar\nd "o ( ! ru9s an anci5t co9 0 une>!d1 :i* bore ^u its surface ! effigy ( a ,roman emp]or1 surr\nd$ by ! foll[+ inscription3 ,,philippi ,,colona1 ,,claudius ,,imp]ator1 :i* signifies 9 pla9 ,engli%1 ,colony ( ,philippi1 ,claudius be+ emp]or4 #ij ,"h1 !n1 we h an anci5t ,roman co9 be>+ te/imony to ! tru? ( ,god's ^w4 ,fur!r1 by means ( ?is co9 we see a dep? ( mean+1 9 ! la/ five v]ses ( ! #af? *apt] ( ,acts1 n at fir/ p]ceptible4 ,we are ?us able to p]ceive1 9 "s degree1 ! t]ror ( ! ,philippian magi/rates :5 !y le>n$ t ,paul & ,silas 7 also ,romans4 ,day by day z sci5tific inve/igation proce$s we he> ( additional corroborative evid5ce4 ,e ye> ?r[s "s new light on ori5tal mann]s & cu/oms1 :ile f ! ru9s ( ,n9eveh & ! sepul*res ( ,egypt1 we receive unlook$-= te/imonies to ! m9ute accuracy ( ! inspir$ p5m54 ,! objection t ! scriptures conta9 my/]ies1 or /atem5ts :i* are difficult to be und]/ood1 is 9 reality "o ( ! /ronge/ pro(s ( _! div9e s\rce & au?ority4 ,! words ( a tea*] are (t5 misund]/ood by ! pupil1 because ! pupil's m9d is n suffici5tly develop$ to compreh5d !m4 ,sometimes1 inde$1 !y are entirely misappreh5d$ = ! same reason4 ,s also1 x is to be expect$ t ! full import ( ! div9e communications w\ld sometimes transc5d ! p>tially-develop$ intellect ( man4 ,! ?\ghts & me?ods ( inf9ite wisdom1 express$ 9 ! pla9e/ ( human words1 mu/ sometimes rema9 inscrutible4 ,aft] all t c be said 9 ref]5ce to ! weakness ( ! human m$ium1 ?r\gh :i* ! div9e w has be5 communicat$1 we f9d 9 ! scriptures1 a wond]ful agreem5t ) ! developm5t ( #ia tru?s :i* h come to man 9 ! progress ( ! ages4 ,sci5ce has nev] successfully impea*$ any /atem5t ( ! scriptures :5 rightly int]pret$4 ,= example1 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis we f9d a brief acc\nt ( ! creation ( ! _w4 ,until mod]n times1 x 0 ! popul> op9ion t ?is n>rative taught t ! e>? & heav5s 7 creat$ dur+ an int]val ( six days ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs ea* & t ! "w dates back b a few ?\s& ye>s4 ,^! views 7 ent]ta9$ :5 our ,bible 0 translat$ into ,engli%4 ,s9ce t date1 sev]al sci5ces h sprung into exi/5ce :i* ?r[ a va/ am\nt ( light on ! hi/ory ( ! creation2 & if ,k+ ,james' translators _h _! "w to p]=m to-day1 !y w\ld see mean+s 9 ,g5esis ( :i* ! _w _h n dream$ two hundr$ ye>s ago2 & !y w\ld make ! translation read a little diff]5tly1 9 ord] to make x agree m exactly ) ! orig9al ,hebrew4 7,w9*ell's ,reconciliations page #ceg74 ,h we n "h "o ( ! pla9e/ admissions ( ! total apo/asy ( ! s-call$ ,*ri/ian *ur*8 ,_h ! translators ( ! scriptures be5 9 possession ( ! ,holy ,_s1 !y w\ld h _h no difficulty 9 translat+ ! s5tim5ts dictat$ by t same ,_s to ! se]s & prophets 9 ages pa/4 ,!n1 too1 we w\ld h _h a translation :i* w\ld h furni%$ a key by :i* to detect ! true sci5ce f ! false4 ,9 ,g5esis we h an acc\nt1 to :i*1 :5 rightly und]/ood1 ! late/ indications ( #ib sci5ce admirably con=m4 ,?is circum/ance alone1 ought to be /rong evid5ce1 ev5 to a skeptic1 ( its sup]-human orig94 ,writt5 ages be=e ! bir? ( mod]n sci5ces1 !re 0 ! utmo/ liability = m]e human au?or%ip to fall into ! mo/ egregi\s mis/atem5ts respect+ ! ph5om5a ( ! natural _w2 b 9 po9t ( fact "s ( its /atem5ts 7 s f> 9 advance ( ! highe/ human k 9 all ! ages pa/1 & ev5 ! boa/$ sci5ce ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 t we are only j beg9n+ to und]/& !m4 ,n[1 ! only way = u to "k any?+ beyond our eyesight1 is to exam9e x1 & ga!r te/imony ab\t x4 ,all ! bless+s ( education1 civilization1 law & lib]ty h come to u ?r\gh ! *annel ( abundant1 reliable te/imony4 ,!re is p]haps1 n a man liv+ :o 0 pres5t at ! battle ( ,quebec1 9 ! encampm5t ( ,valley ,=ge1 or he>d ,wa%+ton deliv] 8 f>ewell address2 yet ! fact t ^! ?+s transpir$ z !y are relat$1 no "o w d\bt4 ,few p]sons n[ liv+ ev] saw ,wa%+ton1 yet no "o d\bts t he liv$4 ,c]ta9ty ab\t ! ,bible hi/ory is j z atta9able z c]ta9ty ab\t ,am]ican hi/ory4 ,let u beg9 at ! pres5t & trace ! records back to ! times 9 :i* ! ,new ,te/am5t 0 writt54 ,we presume !re are few p]sons z ignorant z an infidel lectur] we once he>d1 :o1 :5 ask$1 ,:o compil$ ! scriptures8 answ]$1 aft] "s hesitation1 ,! ,am]ican ,bible ,society4 #ic ,sometimes infidels tell u t ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e call$ v>i\s c\ncils :i* compil$ ! ,new ,te/am5t1 9 ! f\r? c5tury4 ,we c sc>cely wond] at ?is /atem5t com+ f ^? :o look ^u ! ,ca?olic *ur* z repres5t+ ,*ri/ianity4 ,con/ant9e1 ! man :o _h murd]$ two ( 8 sons1 & /rangl$1 :ile 9 a ba?1 ! wife :o _h tru/$ 9 him1 0 surely a wor?y repres5tative ( t *ur* :om ! ,apo/le ,john /yles ! "m ( h>lots & abom9ations ( ! e>?4 ,/ill we _c help ask+ h[ x 0 t ?is murd]] :o _h made himself obnoxi\s ev5 9 pagan ,rome on acc\nt ( 8 crimes & 8 conf$]ates equally wick$1 0 able to dictate words ( su* sublime virtue z are ev]y:]e f\nd 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,! infidel1 ,gibbon1 attempts to expla91 & tells u ,! au/]ity1 purity & zeal ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 _! good discipl9e1 _! belief 9 ! resurrection ( ! body1 & ! g5]al judgm5t1 & _! p]suasion t ,*ri/ & ,8 apo/les wr\ght miracles1 _h made a great _m conv]ts4 ,b h[ came !y to h ?is belief1 purity & zeal8 ,j z if we %\ld enquire h[ ! ,*icago fire orig9at$1 & y %\ld tell u1 t x burn$ v fa/ because x 0 v hot4 ,:at we want to "k is h[ x happ5$ t frivol\s ,greeks1 lic5ti\s ,asiatics & w>like ,romans at once became pure & adopt$ ! humble life ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians8 ,:at implant$ ! belief ( a judgm5t to come 9 ! m9ds ( #id ^! hea!n sc(f]s8 ,gibbon admits t1 ,*ri/ian *ur*es 7 suffici5tly num]\s 9 ! ,roman empire1 to make x politic = ! emp]or to pr(ess ,*ri/ianity1 & suffici5tly p[]ful to secure 8 success4 ,?us accord+ to ! admissions ( an infidel writ] ! ,*ri/ians 7 already num]\s1 & ! /ory ( ,con/ant9e =m+ ! ,new ,te/am5t1 :i* _h be5 read 9 *ur*es & believ$ 9 = two hundr$ ye>s1 is z absurd z to he> x /at$ t ! saloon keep]s1 prize-fight]s & hoodlums ( ,new ,york _h j assembl$ 9 ! ,l>ge ,tab]nacle 9 ,salt ,lake ,city to con/ruct ! revelations conta9$ 9 ! book ( ,doctr9e & ,cov5ants1 :i* h be5 already accept$ & believ$ by ! ,sa9ts1 = m ?an fifty ye>s4 ,if1 on ! o!r h&1 we consult any or all ( ! hundr$s ( manuscripts m5tion$ by ,mo%eim1 ,ne&] & ,l>dn] 9 _! ecclesia/ical hi/ories we %all f9d t !re 7 ?\s&s1 aye millions1 :o believ$ 9 a tea*] s5t f ,god :o _h appe>$ 9 ,pale/9e & taught ?is religion :i* !y _h embrac$1 & :o _h p]=m$ wond]ful miracles su* z op5+ ! eyes ( ! bl9d1 heal+ lep]s & rais+ ! dead4 ,!y believ$ also t ?is ,tea*] _h be5 put to dea? by ,pontius ,pilate1 a ,roman gov]nor1 _h ris5 aga9 f ! dead1 _h spok5 to hundr$s ( p & gone out & 9 among !m = six weeks aft] ,8 resurrection1 _h asc5d$ up to heav5 9 ! sight ( numb]s ( witnesses1 & _h promis$ t ,he w\ld #ie come aga9 9 ! cl\ds ( heav5 to raise ! dead & judge e man accord+ to 8 works4 ,fur!r1 t be=e ,he w5t away he appo9t$ twelve ( ,8 intimate companions to tea* ,8 religion to ! _w2 t !y & _! foll[]s did s 9 spite ( p]secutions1 suff]+s & dea?1 ) s mu* success1 t imm5se numb]s gave up idolatry & embrac$ ,*ri/ianity1 brav+ ! fury ( ! hea!n mob1 & ! v5geance ( ! ,roman law4 ,aft]w>ds1 :5 p]secution _h de/roy$ great numb]s1 & ?r\gh apo/asy !y _h lo/ ! div9e au?ority & prie/hood we he> ( v>i\s c\ncils :]e9 !y assembl$ = ! settl+ ( _! disputes4 ,^!1 s f> f giv+ au?ority to ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 con/antly quot$ ! words ( ^! books & ref]r$ to !m = pro( & au?ority4 ,aga91 "o hundr$ ye>s be=e ! "t ( ,con/ant9e we f9d ,celsus1 a celebrat$ infidel writ] & s5suali/1 disput+ ! tea*+s ( ! gospel because !y int]f]$ ) 8 deprav$ appetites2 & 9 8 writ+s he quotes freely f ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,s num]\s are 8 quotations t f !m alone1 ! /ud5t might ga9 all ! pr9cipal facts ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,z ,pa9e quotes ! ,new ,te/am5t to ridicule x1 no man c d5y t su* a book 0 9 exi/5ce at ! "t he wrote2 s ! quotations ( ,celsus are conclusive pro(s t ! books he ref]r$ to 7 consid]$ au?ority at ! "t he wrote4 ,yet 9 all 8 writ+s1 ,celsus nev] #if once ca/s a d\bt on ! au?ority ( ! scriptures1 nev] que/ions ! gospels z books ( hi/ory nor d5ies ! miracles record$ 9 !m4 ,x may also be add$ t ! /ud5t :o w exam9e ! writ+s ( ,celsus1 w cease to admire ! pr(ess$ wisdom ( our mod]n skeptics4 ,! objections made by ,hume1 ,voltaire1 ,hobles & ,pa9e are frequ5tly only ! argum5ts ( ,celsus s]v$ up 9 a mod]n /yle4 ,go+ back /ill ano!r hundr$ ye>s we come to ! times ( ! notori\s apo/ate1 ,m>cion4 ,sev]al ( ! apo/les 7 alive at ! "t ,m>cion 0 born2 & 8 works date back to )9 tw5ty ye>s ( ! late/ apo/olical writ+s4 ,hav+ be5 cut (f f ! *ur*1 he 0 greatly enrag$ & said ! wor/ he c\ld ab\t x4 ,he travel$ all ! way f ,s9ope1 on ! ,black ,sea1 to ,rome1 ?r\gh ,galatia1 ,by?ynia1 ,asia-,m9or1 ,greece & ,italy1 ! v c\ntries :]e ! apo/les prea*$1 & ! *ur*es to :i* !y wrote4 ,he endeavor$ 9 _m places to wre/ ! scriptures f _! rightful mean+2 b n[h]e attempt$ to d5y _! au?ority 7see ,l>dn]1 ,vol4 ix1 page #ceh74 ,?us 9 ! writ+s ( ,celsus & ,m>cion we h ! mo/ indubitable evid5ce1 ev5 ! admission ( enemies1 t ^! books 7 9 exi/5ce & univ]sally receiv$ z true1 by ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 )9 tw5ty ye>s ( ! "t :5 !y 7 writt5 & by ! v *ur*es to :i* !y 7 address$4 ,z pr9t+ 0 !n unkn[n1 & all important doctr9es 7 writt5 ^u #ig p>*m5t1 ! books ( t p]iod pres5t$ r a bulky appe>ance4 ,probably = ?is reason ! f\r books1 ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke & ,john1 7 commonly jo9$ toge!r 9 "o volume & nam$ ,! ,gospel4 ,! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 & ! ,epi/les to ! *ur*es ( ,!ssalonica1 ,galatia1 ,rome1 ,cor9?1 ,ephesus1 ,philippi1 ,collosse1 ! ,fir/ ,epi/le ( ,pet]1 ! ,fir/ ,epi/le ( ,john1 toge!r ) ^? writt5 to ,philemon1 ,timo?y & ,titus1 compris$ a second volume call$ ,! ,apo/les4 ,! rema9+ books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 be+ ! la/ writt51 usually =m$ a ?ird volume & 7 kn[n z ,apo/olical ,writ+s4 ,?is arrangem5t did n injure ! mean+ b r b5efitt$ x by %[+ ! relative dates ( ! v>i\s books compris+ ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,x is evid5t t ! gospels 7 n copi$ f ea* o!r1 = !y (t5 relate diff]5t ev5ts1 & :5 !y relate ! same occurr5ce1 ea* man relates ^? p>ts ( x :i* he saw himself1 & :i* impress$ him mo/4 ,?is agreem5t ( indep5d5t writ]s is ! m rem>kable1 z ! writ]s 7 p]sons ( v>i\s degrees ( education1 ( diff]5t pr(essions & ranks ( life1 born 9 diff]5t c\ntries & writ+ f v>i\s places 9 ,italy1 ,greece1 ,pale/9e & ,assyria1 )\t any communication ) ea* o!r4 ,mat!w 0 a tax collector 9 ! prov9ce ( ,galilee2 ,m>k1 a ,hebrew citiz5 ( ,j]usalem2 ,luke1 a ,greek physician ( ,antio*2 ,james & ,john own$ & sail$ a fi%+ boat #ih on ,lake ,tib]ias2 ,jude left 8 home & %op 9 ,galilee 9 ord] to prea* ! gospel2 college-br$ ,paul ca/ 8 p>*m5ts & popul>ity aside1 c>ri$ 8 /urdy indep5d5ce 9 8 brea/1 & 8 sail ne$les 9 8 pocket1 & dictat$ epi/les & cut out jib sails & awn+s 9 ! t5t factory ( ,aquila1 ,paul ,co41 at ,cor9?2 sev]al ( ,paul's lett]s 7 writt5 9 a dungeon at ,rome2 ! la/ ( ,pet]'s is dat$ at ,babylon2 ,mat!w's gospel 0 p5n$ at ,j]usalem1 & ,john's gospels & epi/les 7 writt5 at ,ephesus4 ,! agreem5t ( eight su* witnesses1 ( diff]5t pursuits1 & s scatt]$ ov] ! _w1 9 relation to ! same /ory is a conv9c+3 pro( ( its v]acity4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ! ,apo/les publi%$ _! te/imony to ! _w1 be>s e m>k ( tru?fulness4 ,/rong 9 ! consci\sness ( "r1 !y d>$ to ass]t t ,jesus _h ris5 f ! dead1 9 ! v /reets ( ! city :]e he 0 crucifi$--9 ! temple1 ! mo/ public place ( resort ( ! ,jews :o saw him crucifi$--& to ! tee? ( ! v m5 :o put him to dea?4 ,! ,god ( our fa!rs rais$ up ,jesus1 :om ye slew & hung on a tree4 ,him t ,god exalt$ ) ,8 "r h& to be a ,pr9ce & a ,savior1 to give rep5tance to ,israel & remission ( s9s4 ,& we are ,8 witnesses ( ^! ?+s1 & s is also ! ,holy ,gho/ :i* ,god ha? giv5 to !m t obey him 7,acts4 v1 #cj74 ,_h ,paul be5 consci\s t he 0 relat+ falsehood1 w\ld he h d>$ to appeal to ! judge1 be=e :om he #ii 0 on trial = 8 life1 z "o :o knew ! notoriety ( ^! facts8 ,= ! k+ kn[e? ( ^! ?+s1 be=e :om also ,i speak freely3 = ,i am p]suad$ t none ( ^! ?+s are hidd5 f him2 = ?is ?+ 0 n done 9 a corn] 7,acts xxvi1 #bf74 ,! boldness ( _! prea*+1 h[ev]1 is little1 comp>$ ) ! boldness ( _! design1 :i* 0 no?+ less ?an to conv]t ! _w4 ,! hea!ns nev] dream$ ( su* a ?+4 ,! ,jews 7 s indignant at ! project1 t :5 ,paul h9t$ x to !m1 !y cri$1 ,away ) su* a fell[ f ! e>?3 = x is n fit t he %\ld live 7,acts xxii1 #bb74 ,x is rem>kable1 t :ile 9 address+ ! ,sa9ts1 ! apo/les r>ely allude to _! p[] ( work+ miracles 7f\rte5 ( ! epi/les make no allusion to apo/olic miracles71 b dwell on ! subject ( a holy life4 ,yet !y nev] hesitate to confront a ,simon ,magus1 or a s*ismatical *ur* at ,cor9?1 or a p]secut+ high prie/ & sanh$rim ) ?is p[] ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,read ! /ory ( ! miracul\s heal+ ( ! poor1 lame begg>1 :o laid at ! gate ( ! temple1 z record$ 9 ! ?ird & f\r? *apt]s ( ,acts4 ,:o ev] he>d ( an impo/or /&+ up be=e ! tribunal ( 8 judges1 & plead+ 8 cause 9 ! foll[+ mann]1 ,if we ?is day be exam9$ ( ! good de$ done unto ! impot5t man1 by :at means he is made :ole1 be x kn[n unto y all1 & to all ! p ( ,israel1 t by ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ #ajj ( ,naz>e?1 :om ye crucifi$1 :om ,god rais$ f ! dead1 ev5 by ,him do? ?is man /& be=e y :ole4 ,su* an appeal 0 unansw]able4 ,behold+ ! man :o 0 heal$ /&+ ) !m1 !y c\ld say no?+ aga9/ x4 ,nay1 !y 7 compell$ to ackn[l$ge1 ,t inde$ a notable miracle ha? be5 done by !m is manife/ to all !m t dwell 9 ,j]usalem--we _c d5y x4 ,! d5ial ( ! miracles ( ! gospel is a mod]n inv5tion4 ,! ,scribes & prie/s1 emp]ors & philosoph]s ( ! fir/ c5tury1 :o _h ! be/ opportunity ( prov+ _! falsehood1 7 unable to d s4 ,:y1 !n1 x may be ask$1 did !y n all become ,*ri/ians8 ,because a miracle _c conv]t a man aga9/ 8 w4 ,! religion ( ! gospel is n m]ely a belief 9 miracles1 b ! love ( ,*ri/ & a life 9 con=mity ) ,8 comm&s4 ,! labors & suff]+s ( ! apo/les !mselves furni% /rong pro( ( ! facts ( gospel hi/ory4 ,to prea* ano!r k+1 "o ,jesus1 to ! ,romans1 0 to br+ d[n ! p[] ( ! empire ^u !m4 ,no?+ c\ld be m absurd 9 ! eyes ( ,grecian philosoph]s1 ?an to speak ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,nor c\ld any plan be devis$ m c]ta9 to ar\se ! fury ( ! pagan prie/hood ?an to d5\nce t by :i* !y _h _! weal?4 ,! mo/ degrad$ wret* :o p]i%es on ! scaffold is n m contemptible 9 our eyes ?an ! crucifi$ ,r$eem] 0 to ! ,jewi% & ,roman peoples4 #aja ,:at1 !n1 c\ld induce any m5 9 _! s5ses to /em ! tide ( su* opposition if !y 7 manufactur+ falsehoods to ga9 popul>ity & p[]4 ,! religion !y prea*$ 0 n adapt$ to please s5sual m52 ev5 infidels admit t !y prea*$ a pure morality4 ,no provision 0 made = mak+ money by _! prea*+4 ,"o ( _! fir/ acts 0 to cause ! *ur* to elect deacons :o might manage its money matt]s1 & all[ ! apo/les to give !mselves :olly to pray] & ! m9i/ry ( ! ^w 7,acts vi1 #b-e74 ,tw5ty-five ye>s aft] !y c\ld appeal to ! _w t1 ,ev5 to ?is pres5t h\r1 we 7! apo/les71 bo? hung]1 & ?ir/1 & are nak$1 & are buffet$1 & h no c]ta9 dwell+-place1 & labor1 work+ ) our h&s3 be+ revil$1 we bless2 be+ p]secut$1 we suff] x3 be+ defam$1 we intreat3 we are made z ! fil? ( ! _w1 & are ! (fsc\r+ ( all ?+s unto ?is day 7,i4 ,cor4 iv1 #aa-ac74 ,! ,new ,te/am5t op5s ) ! /ory ( ! ,savior's bir? 9 a /able1 ) ! mang] = 8 cradle1 & "o ( its la/ pictures1 is t ( ,8 v5]able apo/le *a9$ 9 a dungeon1 & begg+ 8 fri5d to br+ 8 old cloak f ,troas1 & to d 8 dilig5ce to come be=e ,w9t] 7,,ii4 ,tim4 iv *ap474 ,unpopul> & p5niless1 if ! gospel /ory 7 n true1 h[ c\ld x h _h prea*]s8 ,:5 ,paul 0 *ang$ f a p]secutor to a disciple1 behold ! prospect ! ,savior pres5ts to him1 ,i w %[ him h[ great ?+s he mu/ suff] = my #ajb sake4 ,paul decl>es1 ,! ,holy ,gho/ te/ifie? t 9 e city bonds & afflictions abide me4 ,yet none ( ^! ?+s move me1 nei!r c\nt ,i my life de> unto myself1 s t ,i may f9i% my c\rse ) joy 7,acts xx1 #bc1 #bd74 ,9 ano!r place he adds1 ,( ! ,jews five times receiv$ ,i =ty /ripes save "o4 ,?rice 0 ,i beat5 ) rods1 once 0 ,i /on$1 ?rice ,i suff]$ %ipwreck1 a night & a day ,t h be5 9 ! deep3 9 j\rney+s (t51 9 p]ils ( wat]s1 9 p]ils ( robb]s1 9 p]ils by my own c\ntrym51 9 p]ils by ! hea!n1 9 p]ils 9 ! city1 9 p]ils 9 ! wild]ness1 9 p]ils 9 ! sea1 9 p]ils among false bre?r51 9 we>9ess & pa9fulness1 9 wat*+s (t51 9 hung] & ?ir/1 9 cold & nak$ness 7,,ii4 ,cor4 xi1 #bd-bg74 ,man c give no high] pro( ( 8 v]acity1 save to seal 8 te/imony ) 8 blood4 ,?is ! apo/les did4 ,all1 except ,john1 suff]$ m>tyrdom = ! tru? ( ! gospel4 #ajc ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,facts ,,corroborat$ ,,by ,,secul> ,,writ]s4 ,,t]tulian',s ,,works--,,extract ,,f ,,tacitus--,,value ,,( ,,cotempor>y ,,correspond5ce--,,pl9y',s ,,lett]--,,pro( ,,( ,,! ,,sa9ts' ,,morality--,,gospel ,,di/9ctive ,,f ,,all ,,o!r ,,religions--,,no ,,o!r ,,sy/em ,,dep5ds ,,^u ,,simil> ,,influ5ces4 ,9 a =m] *apt] 0 %[n "s ( ! int]nal evid5ces ( ! validity ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,by cont9u+ our inve/igations we f9d o!r & valuable pro(s ( its au!nticity4 ,!re 0 no pr9t+ 9 ^? days2 !re=e ! p to :om ! gospels & epi/les 7 address$1 _h ! opportunity ( kn[+ by ! h&writ+ :e!r ^! docum5ts 7 g5u9e or n4 ,= example1 ,paul 9 8 second epi/le to ! ,!ssalonians1 says3 ,! salutation ( ,paul ) my own h&1 :i* is ! tok5 9 e epi/le3 s ,i write4 ,! grace ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/ be ) y all4 ,am54 ,^! words %[ inde$ ! he>t ( an apo/le2 b :at a bus9ess man w\ld mo/ appreciate is ! fact h[ greatly ^! few l9es add to ! #ajd security aga9/ =g]y4 ,x is a h>d ?+ to =ge a signature1 b give a bus9ess man two l9es ( any man's writ+ besides t1 & he is p]fectly secure aga9/ imposition4 ,! *ur*es to :om ! epi/les 7 writt5 & to :om ! gospels 7 deliv]$ consi/$ l>gely ( bus9ess m51 m]*ants1 trad]s1 city *amb]la9s & (fic]s ( ,caes>'s h\sehold4 ,does any "o ?9k t su* m5 c\ld n tell ! h&writ+ ( ! apo/le :o _h liv$ among !m = ye>s or t !y c>$ less = ! docum5ts ( ! gospel1 = :i* !y risk$ _! lives1 ?an we w\ld c>e ab\t ! g5u95ess ( a t5 doll> *eck8 ,t]tulian1 :o liv$ f ,a4 ,d4 #ade to #bbb1 0 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ m5 ( t age4 ,he 0 well v]s$ 9 ,roman law1 9 anci5t philosophy1 hi/ory & poetry4 ,he _h be5 br\ght up a hea!n1 & 0 n !re=e likely to favor ! tea*+s ( ! apo/les )\t due inve/igation4 ,8 writ+s are int]e/+1 ?r[+ mu* light on ! circum/ances & social que/ions ( t age4 ,he travel$ ext5sively among ! *ur*es :i* ! apo/les _h plant$ & claims to h se5 ! orig9al copies ( ,mat!w & ,john & ! epi/les writt5 to ! *ur*es at ,rome1 ,cor9?1 ,!ssalonica1 ,ephesus & ,philippi1 & ref]s skeptics to ! places :]e ^! docum5ts c\ld be f\nd4 ,t ^! writ+s conta9$ ! same words z are 9 our pres5t ,new ,te/am5t is evid5t f ! num]\s quotations 9 ,t]tulian's works4 #aje ,9 ! ,briti% & o!r museums may be f\nd ?\s&s ( manuscripts on e conceivable subject embrac+ e age = ! pa/ sixte5 hundr$ ye>s & ev5 "s /ill e>li]4 ,among ^! manuscripts are ov] two ?\s& copies ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 "s ( !m dat+ back to apo/olic times4 ,^! manuscripts h be5 scrut9iz$ by ! mo/ critical s*ol>s2 yet ! result ( ?is exam9ation is m]ely ! sugge/ion ( ?irte5 unimportant alt]ations 9 ! sev5 ?\s& n9e hundr$ & fifty-n9e v]ses ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,?is is a fact utt]ly unexampl$ 9 ! hi/ory ( manuscripts4 ,we are ?us1 by ! special provid5ce ( ,god1 z und\bt$ly 9 possession ( g5u9e copies ( ! gospels & epi/les1 "s ( :i* 7 writt5 :ile ! companions ( ! ,savior 7 /ill liv+ & ! div9e au?ority & ,prie/hood 7 /ill ^u ! e>?1 z we are ( g5u9e copies ( ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ( ! ,decl>ation ( ,indep5d5ce4 ,!re is no hi/ory s tru/wor?y z t prep>$ by cotempor>y writ]s1 especially by ^? :o h !mselves be5 actively engag$ 9 ! ev5ts :i* !y relate4 ,su* hi/ory nev] loses its int]e/1 nor does ! lapse ( ages1 9 ! lea/ degree1 impair its cr$ibility4 ,:ile ! docum5ts c be pres]v$1 ,x5ophon's ,retreat ( ! ,t5 ,?\s&1 ,well+ton's dispat*es1 & ,wa%+ton's lett]s to ,congress1 w be z tru/wor?y z on ! day !y 7 writt54 ,( ! great facts describ$ 9 ^! #ajf docum5ts address$ to _! cotempor>ies1 able at a glance to detect a falsehood1 we nev] ent]ta9 ! lea/ suspicion4 ,_m su* hi/orical allusions might be quot$4 ,we h select$ "o f ! well-kn[n works ( ,tacitus1 ! celebrat$ ,roman hi/orian1 :o liv$ betwe5 ,a4 ,d4 #fj & #abj1 & wrote a hi/ory ( ,rome up to ! reign ( ! emp]or ,trajan4 ,conc]n+ ?is extract f ! hi/ory ( ,tacitus ! infidel1 ,gibbon1 says1 ,! mo/ skeptical criticism is oblig$ to respect ! tru? ( ?is important fact & ! integrity ( ?is important passage ( ,tacitus4 ,aft] relat+ ! burn+ ( ! city ( ,rome by ord] ( ,n]o1 & 8 attempt to transf] ! odium ( x to ! ,*ri/ians1 ,tacitus says3 ,! au?or ( t "n 0 ,*ri/1 :o 9 ! reign ( ,tib]ius1 0 put to dea? z a crim9al1 "u ! procurator ,pontius ,pilate4 ,b ?is pe/il5t sup]/ition1 *eck$ = a :ile1 broke out afre% & spread n only ov] ,judea1 :]e ! evil orig9at$1 b also 9 ,rome1 :]e all t is evil on ! e>? f9ds its way1 & is practic$4 ,at fir/1 ^? only 7 appreh5d$ :o confess$ !mselves ( t sect2 aft]w>ds1 a va/ multitude 7 discov]$ by !m2 all ( :om 7 condemn$1 n s mu* = ! crime ( ! burn+ ( ! city1 z = _! enmity to mank9d4 ,_! executions 7 s contriv$ z to expose !m to d]ision & contempt4 ,"s 7 cov]$ ov] ) ! sk9s ( wild bea/s1 t !y might be torn to pieces by dogs2 "s 7 crucifi$2 :ile o!rs hav+ be5 daub$ ov] ) combu/ible mat]ials1 7 set up = lights 9 ! night "t & ?us burn$ to dea?4 ,= ^! spectacles ,n]o gave 8 own g>d5s1 &1 at ! same "t1 exhibit$ !re ! div]sions ( ! circus2 sometimes /&+ 9 ! cr[d z a spectator1 9 ! habit ( a *>iote]1 &1 at #ajg o!r times driv+ a *>iot himself2 until at l5g? ^! m51 ?\gh really crim9al & des]v+ ( exempl>y puni%m5t1 began to be commis]at$ z p :o 7 de/roy$1 n out ( reg>d to ! public welf>e1 b only to gratify ! cruelty ( "o man4 ,n[ let ! read] take up ! ,new ,te/am5t & read ! la/ six *apt]s ( ,acts & ! lett]s ( ,paul to ,philemon1 ,titus & ! second to ,timo?y4 ,^! lett]s 7 writt5 :5 ! ag$ prison] 0 ready to be m>tyr$1 & ! "t ( 8 dep>ture 0 at h&4 ,!n let ! read] =m 8 op9ion ( ! orig9 & nature ( t fai? :i* enabl$ ,paul to say1 ,none ( ^! ?+s move me1 nei!r c\nt ,i my life de> unto me1 t ,i may f9i% my c\rse ) joy1 & ! te/imony :i* ,i h receiv$ ( ! ,"l ,jesus4 ,!re is /ill ano!r k9d ( cotempor>y hi/ory1 :i* does n ev5 propose to relate hi/ory at all2 b is = t v reason entirely remov$ f ! suspicion ( mak+ a false /atem5t4 ,by ?is is meant cotempor>y correspond5ce4 ,! und]sign$ & incid5tal use ( a "n1 a date or a quotation (t5 fla%es conviction ^u ! read]'s m9d 9 ! mo/ =cible mann]4 ,if we h ! private lett]s ( celebrat$ m5 laid be=e u1 we are enabl$ to look "r into !m1 & see _! true *>act]s4 ,?us ,macaulay exhibits to ! _w ! pr\d1 ly+1 /upid tyrant ,k+1 ,james1 display$ 9 8 own lett]s4 ,?us ! celebrat$ ,voltaire records himself an adult]]1 & begs 8 fri5d #ajh ,d',alemb]t to lie = him1 & 8 fri5d replies t he has done s4 ,?us ! correspond5ce ( ,?omas ,pa9e exhibits him dr9k+ a qu>t ( br&y daily at 8 fri5d's exp5se & refus+ to pay 8 bill = bo>d+4 ,9 ! ungu>d$ fre$om ( confid5tial correspond5ce ! veil is tak5 f ! he>t4 ,we see m5 z !y are4 ,! true man /&s out 9 8 native dignity & ! gild+ is rubb$ (f ! hypocrite4 ,give to ! _w _! lett]s1 & no j p]son w\ld hesitate to pron\nce ,hume a s5suali/1 or ,wa%+ton1 ! noble/ "w ( ,god1 an hone/ man4 ,n[ we are 9 possession ( ?is same k9d ( indisputable evid5ce conc]n+ ! great facts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,f ! abundant notices ( ! fai?1 tea*+s & practices ( ! e>ly sa9ts1 :i* are to be f\nd 9 ! works ( cotemporane\s writ]s1 hi/orians & poets1 philosoph]s & magi/rates1 ,jewi%1 ,*ri/ian & hea!n2 x may be well to select "o1 to corroborate & comp>e ) ! /atem5ts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,le/ we %\ld be accus$ ( p>tiality1 let u take ! celebrat$ lett] ( ,pl9y to ,trajan4 ,?is lett] is utt]ly und5iable & admitt$ by ! mo/ skeptical to be beyond suspicion1 ,pl9y1 ! y\ng]1 0 born ,a4 ,d4 #fa4 ,he liv$ & di$ a pagan4 ,9 ,a4 ,d4 #ajf1 :5 a little m ?an =ty-five ye>s ( age1 he 0 appo9t$ by ! emp]or ,trajan to be gov]nor ( ! ,roman prov9ces ( ,pontus & ,bi?ynia--a va/ tract ( ,asia-,m9or1 9 :i* #aji 7 situat$ ! cities & *ur*es ( ,ephesus1 ,smyrna1 ,p]gamos1 ,?yatira1 ,s>dis & ,philadelphia4 ,! ,epi/les ( ,pet] to ! /rang]s scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ,pontus1 ,galatia1 ,cappadocia ,asia1 & ,bi?ynia1 br+s u to ! same m\nta9\s region4 ,pl9y1 hav+ tak5 up 8 resid5ce 9 ,ephesus1 wrote ! foll[+ lett] to ! ,roman emp]or3 ,pl9y to ! ,emp]or ,trajan wi%es heal? & happ9ess4 ,x is my con/ant cu/om1 sire1 to ref] myself to y 9 all matt]s conc]n+ :i* ,i h any d\bt4 ,= :o c bett] direct me :5 ,i hesitate1 or in/ruct me :5 ,i am ignorant8 ,t h nev] be5 pres5t at any trials ( ,*ri/ians1 s t ,i "k n well :at is ! subject matt] ( puni%m5t1 or ( inquiry1 or :at /rictures ought to be us$ 9 ei!r4 ,nor h ,i be5 a little p]plex$ to det]m9e :e!r any diff]5ce ought to be made ^u acc\nt ( age1 or :e!r ! "y & t5d]1 & ! full-gr[n & robu/1 ought to be treat$ all alike2 :e!r rep5tance %\ld entitle to p>don1 or :e!r all :o h once be5 ,*ri/ians ought to be puni%$ ?\gh !y are n[ no long] s4 ,9 ! meantime ,i h tak5 ?is c\rse ) all :o h be5 br\ght be=e me1 & h be5 accus$ z ,*ri/ians4 ,i h put ! "q to !m :e!r !y 7 ,*ri/ians4 ,^u _! confess+ to me t !y 71 ,i repeat$ ! "q a second & a ?ird "t1 ?reat5+ also to puni% !m ) dea?4 ,su* z /ill p]si/$1 ,i ord]$ away to be puni%$2 = x 0 no d\bt ) me1 :atev] might be ! nature ( _! op9ion1 t contumacy & inflexible ob/9acy ought to be puni%$4 ,!re 7 o!rs ( ! same infatuation1 :om1 because !y are ,roman citiz5s1 ,i h not$ d[n to be s5t to ! city 7,rome74 ,9 a %ort "t1 ! crime spread+ itself ev5 :ile "u p]secutions1 z is usual 9 su* cases1 div]s sorts ( p came 9 my way4 ,& in=mation 0 pres5t$ to me1 #aaj )\t m5tion+ ! au?or1 conta9+ ! names ( _m p]sons1 :o1 ^u exam9ation d5i$ t !y 7 ,*ri/ians1 or _h ev] be5 s2 :o repeat$ aft] me an invocation to ! gods1 & ) w9e & frank9c5se made supplication to y\r image1 :i*1 = t purpose1 ,i h caus$ to be br\ght & set be=e !m1 toge!r ) ! /atues ( ! deities4 ,moreov] !y revil$ ! "n ( ,*ri/4 ,none ( :i* ?+s1 z is said1 !y :o are really ,*ri/ians c by any means be compell$ to d4 ,^!1 !re=e1 ,i ?\ght prop] to dis*>ge4 ,o!rs 7 nam$ by an in=m]1 :o at fir/ confess$ !mselves ,*ri/ians1 & aft]w>ds d5i$ x4 ,! re/ said !y _h be5 ,*ri/ians1 b _h left !m2 "s ?ree ye>s ago1 "s long]1 & "o or m above tw5ty ye>s4 ,!y all wor%ip$ y\r image1 & ! /atues ( ! gods2 ^! also revil$ ,*ri/4 ,!y affirm$ t ! :ole ( _! fault or error lay 9 ?is3 t !y 7 wont to meet toge!r1 on a /at$ day be=e x 0 light1 & s+ among !mselves alt]nately1 a hymn to ,*ri/ z a ,god & b9d !mselves by a sacram5t1 n to ! commission ( any wick$ness1 b n to be guilty ( !ft1 or robb]y1 or adult]y2 nev] to falsify _! ^w nor to d5y a pl$ge committ$ to !m :5 call$ ^u to return x4 ,:5 ^! ?+s 7 p]=m$1 x 0 _! cu/om to sep>ate1 & !n to come toge!r aga9 to a meal :i* !y ate 9 common1 )\t any disord]2 b ?is !y _h =borne s9ce ! publication ( my edict1 by :i*1 accord+ to y\r comm&1 ,i prohibit$ assemblies4 ,aft] receiv+ ?is acc\nt1 ,i judg$ x ! m necess>y to exam9e two maid s]vants1 :o 7 call$ m9i/]s1 by torture4 ,b ,i h discov]$ no?+ besides a bad & excessive sup]/ition4 ,susp5d+1 !re=e1 all judicial proce$+s1 ,i h rec\rse to y = advice2 = x has appe>$ to me a matt] highly des]v+ consid]ation especially ^u acc\nt ( ! great numb] ( p]sons :o are 9 dang] ( suff]+4 ,= _m ( all ages & e rank1 ( bo? sexes likewise1 are accus$1 & w be accus$4 ,nor has ! contagion ( ?is sup]/ition seiz$ cities only1 b ! less] t[ns also1 & #aaa ! op5 c\ntry4 ,nev]!less1 x seems t x may be re/ra9$ & arre/$4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! temples :i* 7 almo/ =sak51 beg9 to be frequ5t$4 ,& ! sacr$ solemnities1 aft] a long int]mission1 are reviv$4 ,victims1 likewise1 are ev]y:]e br\ght up1 :]eas1 = "s "t1 !re 7 few pur*as]s4 ,:5ce1 x is easy to imag9e1 :at numb]s ( m5 might be reclaim$1 if p>don 7 grant$ to ^? :o %all rep5t4 ,to ?is ! ,emp]or ,trajan repli$3 ,trajan to ,pl9y wi%e? heal? & happ9ess3 ,y h tak5 ! "r c\rse1 my ,pl9y1 9 y\r proce$+s ) ^? :o h be5 br\ght be=e y z ,*ri/ians2 = x is impossible to e/abli% any "o rule t %all hold univ]sally4 ,!y are n to be s\ght aft]4 ,if any are br\ght be=e y1 & are convict$1 !y ought to be puni%$4 ,h[ev]1 he t d5ies 8 be+ a ,*ri/ian1 & makes x evid5t 9 fact1 t is1 by supplication to our gods1 ?\gh he be suspect$ to h be5 s =m]ly1 let him be p>don$ ^u rep5tance4 ,b 9 no case ( any crime :atev]1 may a bill ( in=mation be receiv$ )\t be+ sign$ by him :o pres5ts x4 ,= t w\ld be a dang]\s prec$5t1 & unwor?y ( my gov]nm5t4 ,n[ let u read ! ,fir/ ,g5]al ,epi/le ( ,pet]1 ! ,fir/ ,g5]al ,epi/le ( ,john1 & ! second & ?ird *apt]s ( ,revelation & we w be able to see ! =ce ( ! v>i\s allusions1 to ! numb]s1 doctr9es1 morals & p]secutions ( ! ,sa9ts z m5tion$ 9 ?is lett]4 ,! doctr9es ( ! ,*ri/ian fai? !n are n ! gradual gr[? ( c5turies1 z ! infidel w\ld make u believe4 ,on ! o!r h& ! primitive *ur*es possess$ a p]fection ( doctr9e & organization unkn[n to ! s-call$ ,*ri/ian *ur*es ( ! pres5t day4 ,9 ! life "t #aab ( ^? :o _h se5 ! ,savior crucifi$1 & 9 c\ntries a ?\s& miles di/ant f ,j]usalem1 we f9d ! ,sa9ts scatt]$ ov] ,pontus1 ,galatia1 ,cappadocia1 ,asia & ,bi?ynia1 z well z 9 ! _w's pr\d capital1 ! city ( ,rome4 ,9 ?is lett] also we h ! te/imony ( apo/ates1 eag] to save _! lives by giv+ su* in=mation z !y knew w\ld be acceptable to ! p]secut+ gov]nor1 ! te/imony ( ! two s]vants "u torture1 & ! unwill+1 yet express te/imony2 ( _! tortur]1 t all 8 cruel +5uity c\ld discov] no?+ worse ?an :at he call$ a bad & excessive sup]/ition4 ,n[1 :at 0 x t ?is hea!n gov]nor call$ a sup]/ition8 ,:y simply t !y b\nd !mselves by ! mo/ solemn religi\s s]vices1 n to be guilty ( !ft1 robb]y or adult]y2 n to falsify _! ^w nor d5y a pl$ge committ$ to !m2 & :5 a /atue ( ! emp]or 0 pres5t$ to !m !y refus$ to make supplication to x4 ,= ?is refusal1 & ?is alone1 he ord]$ !m away to dea?4 ,& z ^! m>tyrs w5t away to torture & to dea?1 may !y n h he>d t+l+ 9 _! e>s ! words ( ,pet] :i* _h be5 writt5 to !m a few ye>s previ\s3 ,belov$1 ?9k x n /range conc]n+ ! fi]y trial t is to try y1 z ?\gh "s /range ?+ happ5$ unto y4 ,b let none ( y suff] z a murd]]1 or z a ?ief1 or z an evil-do]1 or z a busybody 9 o!r m5's matt]s 7,i4 ,pet] iv1 #ab-ae74 ,pl9y says t !re 7 apo/ates tw5ty ye>s previ\s1 t is 9 ! ye> #hf4 ,n[ does n #aac t exactly co9cide ) :at ,john wrote to !m 9 ! ye> #ij3 ,!y w5t out f u b !y 7 n ( u1 = if !y _h be5 ( u1 !y w\ld no d\bt h cont9u$ ) u 7,i4 ,john ii4 #ai74 ,s ,pl9y speaks ( ! apo/ates1 ,!y all wor%ip$ y\r image & /atues ( ! gods2 ^! also revil$ ,*ri/4 ,none ( :i* ?+s1 z is said1 !y :o are really ,*ri/ians c by any means be compell$ to d4 ,:at 0 x t enabl$ ! e>ly ,sa9ts ( all ranks & all ages1 ( bo? sexes likewise1 to joyfully meet dea? 9 its mo/ horrid =ms8 ,x 0 ! p[] ( tru?--x 0 ! p[] ( ,god4 ,n[1 ! gr& idea t /rikes u 9 ! te/imony ( ! ,sa9ts1 bo? ( primitive & mod]n times1 is t x /&s out utt]ly diff]5t f all o!r religions4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! _w l x1 n ev5 its c\nt]feits4 ,! great c5tral fact ( ,*ri/ianity--t ,*ri/ di$ = our s9s1 & rose aga9 f ! dead--/&s absolutely alone 9 ! hi/ory ( religions4 ,! prie/s ( ,baal1 ,brahma or ,jupit] nev] dream$ ( su* a ?+4 ,confucius1 ,buddha or ,zoroa/] nev] atta9$ to su* sublime ideas4 ,our mod]n positivi/s & spirituali/s p]ceiv+ ! gr&eur ( ?is doctr9e1 h va9ly attempt$ to de/roy ?is1 ! key-/one ( ! gospel ar*4 ,!re is no in/ance 9 ! :ole _w's hi/ory ( any o!r religion ev] produc+ ! same effects2 no o!r in/ance ( m5 de/itute ( weal?1 arms1 p[] & le>n+1 conv]t+ multitudes ( ly+1 lu/ful1 murd]+ idolators #aad into hone/1 peaceable ,*ri/ians1 simply by pray] & prea*+4 ,:5 ! skeptic tells u ( ! rapid spread ( impo/ures :i* enli/ disciples by promis+ free lic5se to lu/1 robb]y & murd]1 & reta9 !m by ! t]ror ( scimet> & rifle ball1 he simply insults our common s5se1 by ignor+ ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! degrad+ practices ( vice1 & ! ennobl+ pr9ciples ( virtue4 ,! gospel /&s alone 9 its doctr9es1 s+ul> 9 its op]ation1 unequall$ 9 its success4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,,viii1 ,,hi/orical ,,glimpses ,,( ,,new ,,te/am5t ,,times4 ,,p]sonal ,,appe>ance ,,( ,,our ,,savior--,,by ,,m>cus--,,by ,,josephus--,,condition ,,( ,,! ,,_w ,,at--,,! ,,bir? ,,( ,,*ri/--,,influ5ce ,,( ,,judaism ,,hea!n ,,traditions ,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,savior',s ,,adv5t--,,"* ,,( ,,b>nabas--,,appe>ance ,,& ,,"* ,,( ,,paul--,,pet]1 ,,! ,,lead] ,,( ,,! ,,apo/les--,,"* ,,( ,,john ,,& ,,james--,,/atem5t ,,conc]n+ ,,m>y--,,hi/ory ,,epitomiz$ ,,9 ,,! ,,gospels--,,description ,,( ,,! ,,catacombs--,,inscriptions ,,( ,,!m4 ,! liv+ or writt5 te/imony ( ^? :o h be5 actively engag$ 9 ! great latt]-day #aae "w w ev] h a weight f> sup]ior to any giv5 by inimical or dis9t]e/$ p>ties4 ,/ill1 ! descriptions giv5 & ! hi/orical facts & incid5ts relat$ by su* p]sons are (t5 highly int]e/+ z furni%+ glimpses ( sc5es & facts unm5tion$ by m prom95t actors4 ,= example1 ! disc\rse deliv]$ by ,?omas ,l4 ,kane be=e ! ,hi/orical ,society ( ,p5nsylvania1 ?r[s a flood ( light ^u ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ! ,latt]-day ,sa9ts & ! sc5es att5d+ _! expulsion f ,nauvoo1 :i* no hi/ory ( ! ,*ur* has exce$$2 & ?is is all ! m valuable z x corroborates _m ( ! /atem5ts made by ! ,sa9ts4 ,s 9 l mann] !re are _m ref]5ces made by secul> writ]s :i* ?r[ light on ,new ,te/am5t hi/ory1 & by ?is light we see a new beauty & =ce 9 ! language ( ! inspir$ writ]s4 ,no man ( s5se w = a mom5t hesitate to ackn[l$ge ! sup]iority ( ! n>ratives writt5 by ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke & ,john1 to any m]ely human composition4 ,! biographies ( ! ,savior1 writt5 by ,fleetwood & o!rs be> no comp>ison to ! simple1 yet sublime records ( ! evangeli/s4 ,b x does n militate aga9/ ! au?ority ( ! scriptures to read a description ( ! p]sonal appe>ance ( ! ,savior z describ$ by ,m>cus1 a ,roman lawy] :o resid$ at ,j]usalem1 & /ill pres]v$ 9 ! works ( ,orig53 #aaf ,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 sometimes call$ ! ,galilean1 0 a mo/ rem>kable p]son4 ,9 /ature ,he 0 above ! m$ium hight1 /raight & tall4 ,8 complexion 0 fair3 ,8 hair 0 ( a br[n color1 & fell 9 heavy curls ^u ,8 %\ld]s4 ,8 eyes 7 blue1 & possess$ su* a p5etrat+ p[] t no man c\ld meet ,8 gaze4 ,8 be>d 0 ( a deep w9e color1 f9e & full3 x is said t ,he 0 nev] %av$4 ,8 c\nt5ance 0 maje/ic1 calm & s]5e1 be>+ ! impress ( wisdom1 ju/ice & love4 ,aga91 we h ! te/imony ( ,josephus1 ! celebrat$ ,jewi% hi/orian :o fl\ri%$ betwe5 ! ?irty-sev5? & n9ety-eigh? ye> ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,he 0 a ,jewi% prie/ & _h no connection ) ! e>ly sa9ts2 yet 9 ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,antiquities ( ! ,jews1 ,book xviii1 he decl>es3 ,n[ !re 0 ab\t ?is "t1 ,jesus1 a wise man1 if x be lawful to call ,him a man1 = ,he 0 a do] ( wond]ful works1 a tea*] ( su* m5 z receive ! tru? ) pleasure4 ,he drew ov] to ,him1 bo? _m ( ! ,jews1 & _m ( ! ,g5tiles4 ,he 0 ! ,*ri/4 ,& :5 ,pilate1 at ! sugge/ion ( ! pr9cipal m5 among u1 _h condemn$ ,him to ! cross1 ^? t lov$ ,him at ! fir/1 did n =sake ,him1 = ,he appe>$ to !m alive on ! ?ird day3 z ! div9e prophets _h =etold ^! & t5 ?\s& o!r wond]ful ?+s conc]n+ ,him4 ,& ! tribe ( ,*ri/ians1 s nam$ f ,him1 are n ext9ct at ?is day4 ,9 ! "t ( ,*ri/1 ,pale/9e 0 9 ! v c5t] ( ! !n kn[n _w4 ,to ! nor? & nor?-ea/ lay ! decay+ remnants ( ! ,m$o-,p]sian & /ill m anci5t ,babylonian & ,assyrian empires2 on ! ea/ 7 ! p[]ful tribes ( ,arabia1 :o1 fe>less ( any =eign p[]1 _h built _! capital 9 ! rugg$ defiles #aag ( ,arabia-,petrea1 ! magnific5t ru9s ( :i* a/oni% ! travel]s ( ! pres5t day4 ,on ! s\? lay ,egypt repos+ 9 gloomy gr&eur & already boa/+ a ho>y antiquity2 yet ev5 ?is anci5t civilization 0 to a great ext5t indebt$ to ! f\nd]s ( ! ,jewi% commonweal?4 ,on ! we/ lay ! classic c\ntries ( ,greece & ,italy4 ,z is well kn[n1 aft] ! ,babyloni% captivity1 ! ,jews 7 widely scatt]$4 ,comp>atively few ( !m avail$ !mselves ( ! p]mission grant$ by ,cyrus1 to return to ,pale/9e4 ,! majority rema9$ 9 ,babylonia or w&]$ into o!r l&s4 ,9 ,alex&ria1 = example1 at ! "t ( ,*ri/1 fully "o-half ! inhabitants 7 ,jews1 :o by trad+ _h become ri* & p[]ful4 ,at t "t ! coa/s ( ,arabia & ev5 ,india 7 visit$ by ,jewi% m]*ants4 ,9 ,asia ,m9or & ,greece !re 0 sc>cely a t[n )\t its ,jewi% synagogue4 ,9 ,rome ! ,jews possess$ ! great] "p ( ! ,tra/ev]e1 or "r bank ( ! ,tib]4 ,f ! "t ( ,julius ,caes> !y 7 all[$ to build synagogues & grant$ _m o!r privileges4 ,all ^! ,jews :o liv$ outside ( ,pale/9e & =m$ a majority ( ! :ole nation 7 commonly call$ ! ,disp]sion1 ,x 0 ?is class ( p]sons to :i* ! ,jews ref]r$1 :5 9 speak+ ( ,*ri/1 !y said1 ,w ,he g unto ! disp]s$ among ! ,g5tiles & tea* ! ,g5tiles8 7,john vii1 #be74 ,yet ^! ,jews /ill consid]$ ,j]usalem z _! c5t]1 reg>d$ ! ,sanh$rim 7or high c\ncil7 #aah z _! highe/ *ur* c\rt1 s5t ye>ly gifts ( money & sacrifices to ! temple1 & visit$ x f "t to "t at ! great fe/ivals4 ,x is easy to see h[ ?is /ate ( ?+s aid$ ! spread ( ! gospel4 ,! fea/s ( ! ,passov] & ( ,p5teco/ br\ght _m ( ^! disp]s$ ,jews f ! neighbor+ c\ntries to ,j]usalem4 ,?us ?\s&s1 :o 7 n resid5ts ( ,pale/9e1 _h an opportunity at ^! ye>ly fea/s to become acqua9t$ ) ! tea*+s & miracles ( ,jesus4 ,x 0 also at ! "t ( ! great fea/ ( ! ,passov]1 t ! crucifixion took place4 ,fifty days lat] 0 ! fea/ ( ,p5teco/ at :i* "t occurr$ ^? wond]ful ev5ts record$ 9 ! second *apt] ( ,acts4 ,?us1 we p]ceive1 h[ x 0 t p f v>i\s nations _h ga!r$ toge!r2 & h[ important ! gift ( tongues :]eby ea* c\ld he> 9 8 own language ! wond]ful works ( ,god4 7,see ,acts ii1 #e1 #i-aa47 ,^! m5 on _! return c>ri$ ! news ( ,*ri/ianity to _! homes4 ,!n aga9 ! apo/les 9 _! mission>y travels f\nd synagogues 9 all ! pr9cipal t[ns & cities2 likewise1 dev\t p]sons :o 7 look+ =w>d to ! adv5t ( ! ,messiah & ! r$emption ( ,israel4 ,( ^! might be m5tion$ ,dorcas1 & ,cornelius1 7,acts ix1 #aj47 ,lydia 7,acts xvi1 #ad471 ,aquilla & ,priscilla1 7,acts xviii71 ,eunice & ,lois1 ! "m & gr&mo!r ( ,timo?y1 & _m o!rs4 #aai ,e synagogue 01 z x 71 a mission>y /ation 9 read9ess = !m ) fri5ds & inquir]s already !re to welcome !m4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ,jews _h help$ also to und]m9e hea!nism & ?us to prep>e ! gr\nd = ,*ri/ianity4 ,s mu* 0 ?is ! case t ! ,roman philosoph]1 ,s5eca1 9 speak+ ( ! ,jews1 says1 ,! conqu]$ h giv5 laws to ! conqu]ors4 ,josephus1 9 8 ,antiquities1 ,book #ah1 says1 ,_m ( ! ,jews held high (fices1 & liv$ at ! c\rts ( pr9ces4 ,ev5 ! empress ,poppea1 wife ( ,n]o 0 a proselyte to ,judaism4 ,9 8 autobiography1 he relates t1 :5 9 ,rome1 he made ! acqua9tance ( ?is empress ?r\gh a ,jewi% favorite ( ,n]o1 & at once receiv$ f h] ! release ( "s imprison$ ,jewi% prie/s toge!r ) l>ge pres5ts4 ,?r\gh h] influ5ce also 0 due mu* ( t bitt]ness :i* *>act]iz$ ! p]secutions ( ! sa9ts 9 ! reign ( ,n]o4 ,juv5al1 a ,lat9 poet1 ridicules ! preval5ce ( ,jewi% cu/oms2 also _m ( ! ,greeks1 foll[+ ! tea*+s ( ,socrates1 believ$ 9 ! exi/5ce ( an unkn[n ,god4 ,x is 9 ! v nature ( man to believe 9 some?+4 ,:5 ! absurdities ( hea!nism became app>5t1 m5 fell into o!r sup]/itions4 ,m & m 0 felt ! want ( a true religion4 ,ev5 ! ,sam>itans :o 7 s c>ri$ away by ! sorc]ies ( ,simon ,magus1 z to call him ! great p[] ( ,god1 readily receiv$ ! prea*+ ( ! gospel4 7,act viii1 #e47 ,s also ,s]gius #abj ,paulus1 :o1 dissatisfi$ ) hea!nism1 _h ) him ! ,jewi% sorc]] & false prophet ,elymas1 0 won to ! ,*ri/ian fai? by ! prea*+ ( ,paul 7,acts xiii1 #f-aa74 ,inde$ ! be/ feature ( t age 0 a /rong religi\s ye>n+4 ,expectations ( a com+ ,messiah1 9 v>i\s =ms & degrees ( cle>ness1 7 at t "t1 by ! political collision ( ! nations & by _! intellectual & religi\s contact1 spread ov] all ! nations2 &1 l ! fir/ r$ /reaks ^u ! horizon1 ann\nc$ ! approa* ( day4 ,! ,p]sians 7 look+ = _! ,sosios*1 :o %\ld conqu] ,ahriman & 8 k+dom ( d>kness4 ,! ,*9ese sage1 ,confucius1 po9t$ 8 disciples to a ,holy ,"o :o %\ld appe> 9 ! we/4 ,! wise m5 :o came to wor%ip ! new-born k+ ( ! ,jews1 we mu/ look ^u z repres5tatives ( ! ,messianic hopes ( ori5tal hea!ns4 ,! we/]n nations1 on ! contr>y1 look$ t[>d ! ea/ = ! dawn ( a bett] day4 ,! ,roman hi/orians1 ,suetonius & ,tacitus1 bo? speak ( a curr5t say+ 9 ! ,roman empire1 t 9 ! ea/1 & m p>ticul>ly 9 ,judea1 a new univ]sal empire w\ld soon be set up4 ,?us1 9 a "t1 ! l ( :i* hi/ory be=e or s9ce has nev] se51 appe>$ ! ,savior ( m54 ,amid ! dy+ & decay+ =ms ( anci5t society1 :ile ^? ?+s t _h be5 ! objects ( man's en?usia/ic love 7 )]+ away1 ,*ri/ came t ?r\gh ,him humanity %\ld receive a new1 y\?ful life4 #aba ,imp5it5t ,judaism1 x is true1 /ill w&]s1 gho/ l ?r\gh all ages & c\ntries3 b only z an incontrov]tible liv+ witness ( ! div9ity ( ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,! ,jews :o 7 scatt]$ ?r\gh ! v>i\s c\ntries ( ! ea/ came 9 contact ) ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ^? v>i\s c\ntries1 & ?is _h a t5d5cy to break d[n ,jewi% exclusiv5ess & prep>e ! m9ds ( _m = broad] & m lib]al views4 ,h5ce we f9d t sev]al ( ! mo/ useful m5 ( ! apo/olic *ur*1 su* z ,/eph51 ! m>tyr1 ,philip1 ! deacon1 ,paul & ,b>nabas 7 ( ?is class4 ,b>nabas 01 inde$ "o1 ( ! mo/ rem>kable m5 ( ! age 9 :i* he liv$4 ,he 0 born 9 ! isl& ( ,cyprus1 b remov$ to ,j]usalem :]e he became "o ( ! active memb]s ( ! apo/olic *ur*4 ,aft] ! m>tyrdom ( ,/eph5 & 9 consequ5ce ( ! p]secution :i* foll[$1 "s ( ! disciples 7 scatt]$ z f> z ,antio*1 :i!r ,b>nabas 0 s5t to organize a *ur*1 & "h ! disciples fir/ receiv$ ! "n ( ,*ri/ians4 7,acts xi1 #bf47 ,x 0 ,b>nabas :o fir/ introduc$ ,paul to ! re/ ( ! apo/les & remov$ ! mi/ru/ :i* 0 felt t[>ds him4 ,aft]w>ds1 :5 ,paul 0 liv+ a retir$ life 9 8 native city ( ,t>sus1 ,b>nabas s\ght him out & br\ght him to ,antio*4 ,to w9 ov] ?is great retic5t & susceptible s\l1 to labor ) him & ev5 to take a subord9ate place "u him1 indicate bo? wisdom & #abb humanity2 & ?is is :at ,b>nabas did = ,paul4 ,saul1 aft]w>ds ,lat9iz$ into ,paul1 0 born at ,t>sus 9 ,cilicia1 9 ! t5? or twelf? ye> ( our era4 ,paul's fa!r e>ly int5d$ t he %\ld become a religi\s tea*]1 b1 accord+ to ! cu/oms ( t age1 taught him a trade also1 by :i* he aft]w>ds support$ himself )\t becom+ a burd5 to ! *ur*4 ,he came to ,j]usalem at an e>ly age & ent]$ ! s*ool ( ,gamaliel ! eld]4 ,?is ,gamaliel 0 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ m5 9 ,j]usalem1 & ! y\?ful ,paul soon became a lead] 9 society4 ,?is is evid5t f ! position he held at ! dea? ( ,/eph54 ,paul 0 %ort 9 /ature1 some:at /oop+ & at ! middle age 8 hair 0 ?91 incl9+ to baldness4 ,8 c\nt5ance 0 pale & half hidd5 by a d>k be>d4 ,8 nose 0 aquil9e1 8 eyes pi]c+ & 8 eyebr[s heavy4 ,x is said t he possess$ "o ( ^? /range visages :i* ?\gh pla91 yet1 :5 light$ up by emotion1 assumes a deep brilliancy & gr&eur4 ,paul 0 a man ( great polit5ess & exquisite mann]s4 ,8 lett]s %[ t he 0 a man ( r>e intellig5ce1 :o =m$ = 8 l(ty s5tim5ts1 expressions ( great beauty4 ,no correspond5ce exhibits m c>eful att5tion1 f9] %ades ( mean+ or m amiable pleasantries4 ,:at animation6 ,:at a weal? ( *>m+ say+s6 ,:at simplicity6 ,x is easy to see t 8 "* is t ( a polite1 e>ne/ & affectionate man4 #abc ,simon1 or ,pet]1 z he 0 aft]w>ds call$1 0 a son ( ! fi%]man1 ,jonas4 ,he resid$ at ,cap]naum1 on ! %ore ( ! sea ( ,galilee1 :]e he foll[$ 8 fa!r's occupation4 ,8 bro!r1 ,&rew1 :o _h be5 a disciple ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 fir/ br\ght him to ,jesus by :om he 0 call$ to be a fi%] ( m54 ,he 0 "o ( ! witnesses ( ! transfiguration on ,m\nt ,tabor1 & ! agony ( ! ,savior 9 ! g>d5 ( ,ge?semane4 ,he 0 evid5tly ! lead] ( ! anci5t apo/les4 ,9 ! f\r places :]e a li/ ( ! twelve is giv51 he is inv>iably plac$ at ! beg9n+2 & 9 _m o!r places he is m5tion$ z ! lead+ speak]4 ,9 ,pet]'s "* we h a rem>kable comb9ation ( great natural tal5ts & virtues1 ) peculi> weaknesses4 ,?is apo/le 0 di/+ui%$ f ! o!r elev5 by an ard5t1 impulsive1 sangu9e temp]am5t1 & an op51 %rewd1 practical nature4 ,he 0 always ready to speak out 8 m9d1 to resolve & to act4 ,8 excitable1 impulsive disposition l$ him sometimes to ov]-e/imate 8 p[]s1 to tru/ too mu* to himself1 &1 9 ! h\r ( dang]1 to yield to opposite impressions4 ,?us we f9d t1 9 spite ( 8 usual firmness & joy 9 confess+ 8 fai?1 he actually d5i$ ! ,savior :5 arraign$ 9 ! palace ( ,caiphas4 ,9 le>n+ he 0 inf]ior to ,paul1 & 9 lov+ "*1 to ,john2 b he possess$1 9 an em95t degree1 ! gift ( inspiration :i* enabl$ him to act ) promptness & decision4 #abd ,! apo/le & evangeli/1 ,john1 0 ! son ( ,zeb$ee1 & ! bro!r ( ! eld] ,james4 ,8 "m 0 "o ( ! wom5 :o support$ ,jesus ) _! prop]ty1 & br\ght spices to embalm ,him4 ,john himself own$ a h\se 9 ,j]usalem1 into :i* he receiv$ ! "m ( ! ,savior aft] ! crucifixion4 ,he 0 ! only "o ( ! apo/les :o 0 pres5t at ! cross1 & to him ,jesus committ$ ! c>e ( 8 "m4 7,john xix1 #bf1 #bg47 ,nicephorus /ates t ,m>y cont9u$ to live ) ,john until h] dea?1 :i* occurr$ ab\t f\rte5 ye>s aft] ! crucifixion4 ,aft] ?is1 ,john w5t to preside ov] ! *ur* at ,ephesus4 ,"h he wrote ! gospel & epi/le t be> 8 "n4 ,9 ! reign ( ,domitian1 ab\t ! ye> #hd1 he 0 call$ to ,rome :]e he 0 condemn$ to be put to dea? by be+ ?ru/ into a caldron ( boil+ oil4 ,f ?is he miracul\sly escap$1 ev5 z ! ?ree ,hebrews :o 7 ca/ into ! fi]y furnace4 ,aft]w>ds he 0 bani%$ to ! solit>y1 rocky isl&1 ,patmos1 :]e he receiv$ t wond]ful prophetic hi/ory ( ! conflicts & conque/s ( ! *ur*1 :i* is call$ ! ,apocalypse1 or ,revelation4 ,9 ! op5+ *apt] he says1 ,i1 ,john1 :o also am y\r bro!r & companion 9 tribulation1 & 9 ! k+dom & pati5ce ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 0 9 ! isle t is call$ ,patmos1 = ! ^w ( ,god & = ! te/imony ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,:5 ,pet] ask$ ! mann] ( ,john's dea?1 ! ,savior repli$1 ',if ,i w t he t>ry till ,i come1 :at is t to !e8' #abe ,!n w5t ?is say+ abroad among ! bre?r5 t t disciple %\ld n die4 ,pet]1 ,james & ,john 7 ! *os5 among ! *os51 ^u :om ! ,savior be/[$ special favor4 ,pet] 0 a man ( great en]gy1 fitt$ to be a lead] 9 ! *ur* & 9 society4 ,john possess$ a deep1 affectionate nature1 :i* made him ! de>e/ ( ! ,savior's ?ree *os5 fri5ds4 ,( ,james we "k v little4 ,he seems to h be5 ( a quiet1 e>ne/1 m$itative turn4 ,he presid$ ov] ! *ur* at ,j]usalem until ! ye> =ty-f\r ( our era1 :5 he seal$ 8 te/imony ) 8 blood1 be+ ! fir/ ( t glori\s b& ( apo/olic m>tyrs4 ,su* 7 ! *ief actors 9 ,new ,te/am5t times4 ,! great facts ( _! lives are corroborat$ bo? by ,jewi% & hea!n writ]s1 & admitt$ to be true by ! mo/ em95t ( mod]n infidels1 su* z ,volney1 ,/raus & ,r5an4 ,*ri/ianity did n take its rise 9 an obscure corn] ( ! e>?4 ,on ! o!r h&1 f ! v fir/ x attract$ ! att5tion ( ! good1 ! wise & ! le>n$1 & ar\s$ ! opposition ( ! wick$1 ?\gh !y 7 p[]ful k+s & pot5tates ( ! e>?4 ,yet1 9 spite ( all1 x has won its way1 bo? 9 anci5t times & at ! pres5t day among ! hone/ 9 he>t by ! simplicity1 gr&eur & h>mony ( its tru?s4 ,we mu/1 !re=e1 accept ! ,new ,te/am5t z a :ole4 ,we _c accept ! writ+s ( "o1 & say !y are true1 & reject ! writ+s ( #abf ano!r1 tea*+ ! same doctr9e1 & say x is false4 ,nei!r c we accept ! gospel & reject ! epi/les1 = !re is n a doctr9e ( ! gospel :i* is n taught 9 ! v fir/ ( !m1 t writt5 by ,mat!w4 ,he :o writes =g]ies mu/ ne$s be well po/$ 9 ! matt] ( names1 dates & places1 or else he w contradict "s well-kn[n facts & s expose 8 =g]y to ! _w4 ,m5 :o write falsehoods d n write z foll[s3 ,n[1 9 ! fifte5? ye> ( ! reign ( ,tib]ius ,caes>1 ,pontius ,pilate be+ gov]nor ( ,judea1 & ,h]od be+ tetr>* ( ,galilee1 & 8 bro!r1 ,philip1 tetr>* ( ,iturea & ( ! region ( ,tra*onitis1 & ,lysanius tetr>* ( ,abil5e1 ,annas & ,caiphas be+ high prie/s1 ! ^w ( ,god came unto ,john1 ! son ( ,za*>ias1 9 ! wild]ness4 ,"h1 9 "o s5t5ce1 are tw5ty hi/orical1 geographical1 political & family ref]5ces1 e "o ( :i* c be prov5 true by ! /atem5ts ( cotemporane\s secul> writ]s4 ,infidels h utt]ly fail$ 9 _! attempts to disprove "o ( ! hundr$s ( su* /atem5ts 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,among ! v>i\s hi/orical evid5ces ( primitive ,*ri/ianity1 none seem m au!ntic or possess a deep] int]e/ ?an ^? connect$ ) ! catacombs ( anci5t ,rome4 ,^! 7 subt]rane\s *amb]s or excavations :i* 7 made 9 ! s(t1 s&y rock :i* und]lies ! hills on :i* /ood anci5t ,rome4 ,to ^! dre>y vaults ! e>ly sa9ts 7 9 ! habit ( retir+1 9 ord] to celebrate _! wor%ip 9 times ( p]secution1 & 9 !m 7 buri$ _m ( ! sa9ts & m>tyrs ( ! primitive *ur*4 ,!y consi/ ( long1 n>r[ gall]ies1 #abh usually ab\t eight feet high & five feet wide1 :i* twi/ & turn 9 all directions1 v mu* resembl+ m9es4 ,! graves 7 con/ruct$ by holl[+ out a portion ( ! rock at ! side ( ! gall]y1 l>ge en\gh to conta9 ! body4 ,! entrance 0 !n built up1 & g5]ally an inscription 0 plac$ ^u x4 #abg ,,illu/ration3 ,,section ,,( ,,! ,,catacomb ,,( ,,calixtus4 #abh ,^! excavations 7 fir/ =m$ by qu>ry+ ! volcanic1 s&y rock1 9 ord] to supply ! mat]ials necess>y = ! build+ ( anci5t ,rome4 ,!y 7 aft]w>ds increas$ 9 ord] to procure ! s& us$ = cem5t1 until1 at l5g?1 !y =m$ an area ( v ext5sive dim5sions4 ,!y are m5tion$ by ! ,roman writ]s1 ,horace & ,v>ro1 by ,cic]o & ,seutonius4 ,j]ome1 writ+ ab\t ! middle ( ! f\r? c5tury1 describes !m z !y exi/$ 9 8 day1 decl>+ t he 0 accu/om$1 z a y\?1 :5 /udy+ 9 ,rome1 to visit ^! d>k & dre>y spots on ,sundays1 9 ord] to see ! tombs ( apo/les & m>tyrs4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,burial ,,place ,,9 ,,! ,,catacombs4 ,among ! _m inscriptions :i* ! museum ( ! ,vatican has d]iv$ f ! catacombs is #abi ! foll[+4 ,x relates to ! reign ( ,m>cus ,aurelius1 or ,anton9us1 z he is sometimes call$1 ab\t ,a4 ,d4 #aej3 ,,alex&] ,,mortuus ,,non ,,e/ ,,s$ ,,vivit ,,sup] ,,a/ra ,,et ,,corpus ,,9 ,,hoc ,,tumulo ,,quiescit4 ,,vitam ,,explevit ,,sub ,,anton9o ,,impo1 ,,qui ,,ubi ,,multum ,,b5efitii ,,antev5ire ,,praevid]et ,,pro ,,gratia ,,odium ,,r$didit ,,g5ua ,,enim ,,flect5s ,,v]o ,,deo ,,sacrificaturus ,,ad ,,supplicia ,,ducitur4 ,,tempora ,,infau/a6 ,,quibus ,,int] ,,sacra ,,et ,,vota ,,ne ,,9 ,,cav]nis ,,quidem ,,salv>i ,,possimus4 ,,quid ,,mis]ius ,,vita ,,s$ ,,quid ,,mis]ius ,,9 ,,morte ,,cum ,,ab ,,amicis ,,et ,,p>5tibus ,,sepeliri ,,nequeant ,,t&em ,,9 ,,coelo ,,coruscant ,,p>um ,,vixit ,,qui ,,vixit ,,9 ,x4 ,,tem4 ,,translation3 ,alex&] is n dead1 b lives beyond ! />s1 & 8 body re/s 9 ?is tomb4 ,he liv$ "u ! ,emp]or ,anton9us1 :o1 =esee+ t great b5efit w\ld result f 8 s]vices1 return$ evil = good4 ,=1 :ile on 8 knees & ab\t to sacrifice to ! true ,god1 he 0 l$ away to execution4 ,o1 sad times6 9 :i* sacr$ rites & pray]s1 ev5 9 cav]ns1 af=d no protection to u4 ,:at c be m wret*$ ?an su* a life1 & :at ?an su* a dea?1 :5 !y c\ld n be buri$ by _! fri5ds & relatives8 ,at l5g? !y are respl5d5t 9 heav54 ,he has sc>cely liv$ :o has liv$ 9 ,*ri/ian times4 ,sometimes a victor's cr[n--"o ( laurel--is int5d$ to m>k t ! int]r$ "o has pass$ #acj ?r\gh ! agony & /rife ( 8 ,*ri/ian conflict1 & 0 triumphant4 ,at o!r times ! simple/ words indicat$ a sa9t's la/ re/+ place4 ,9 "s cases ^! epitaphs are imp]fectly spell$1 indicat+ ! humble class to :i* ! survivors belong$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,fulfillm5t ,,( ,,prophecy4 ,,prophecy ,,def9$--,,objections ,,to ,,symbolical ,,language ,,answ]$--,,hi/ory ,,rev]s$1 ,,un9telligible--,,necessity ,,( ,,prophetic ,,obscurity--,,infidel ,,dread ,,( ,,prophecy--,,prophecies ,,conc]n+ ,,babylon--,,_! ,,fulfillm5t--,,prophecies ,,conc]n+ ,,egypt--,,prophecies ,,conc]n+ ,,judea ,,& ,,! ,,jews--,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,sev5 ,,*ur*es ,,( ,,asia--,,te/imonies ,,( ,,infidels--,,mod]n ,,prophecy--,,its ,,fulfillm5t4 ,an a/ronom] is able to pr$ict ! eclipses ( ! sun & moon1 because he kn[s ! laws t gov]n ! heav5ly bodies4 ,s also a c\ntrywoman c pr$ict ! "t ( hat*+1 & ! k9d ( birds t w come =? f a c]ta9 class ( eggs plac$ "u a f[l 9 ! act ( incubation1 because %e has _m times obs]v$ #aca ph5om5a ( ?is k9d4 ,prophecy is only pr$iction 9 ! highe/ s5se ( ! t]m4 ,our ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 :o kn[s1 n m]ely ! laws t gov]n ! mat]ial _w1 b also ! m5tal1 moral & physical laws t gov]n humanity1 c =etell ! ph5om5a incid5t to man's social & religi\s developm5t4 ,he :o kn[s ! orig9 ( man--bo? 8 /r5g? & 8 weakness--& ! ext5t & influ5ce ( ! p[]s ( d>kness1 c =etell ! result ( t awful conflict t has be5 9 progress s9ce be=e ! f\ndation ( ! _w4 ,:5 man1 9 ob$i5ce to law1 %all h ga9$ 8 high] developm5t & become z "o ( ! ,gods1 he w1 no d\bt1 obta9 ! p[] ( prophecy4 ,ev5 9 8 pres5t /ate1 e true poet1 philosoph] & sci5ti/ may be said to possess1 9 a c]ta9 degree1 ?is gift2 9 fact1 s f> z !y c p5etrate into ! laws & my/]ies ( ! univ]se beyond ! k5 ( ord9>y mortals4 ,?us ! /eam-eng9e 0 pr$ict$ eighte5 hundr$ ye>s be=e ,watt he>d ! fir/ deep1 regul> respiration ( ?is mod]n evangel4 ,?us1 ! magnetic telegraph 0 expect$ = q ?ree hundr$ ye>s be=e its fir/ tap ( ! keys ann\nc$ its pres5ce4 ,:5 ,%akespe>e wrote1 ,i'll put a girdle r\nd ab\t ! e>? 9 =ty m9utes1 x 0 no?+ b ! in/9ct ( ! poet1 pe]+ ) a glimm] ( inspiration into ! d>k5$ *amb] t[>ds :i* sci5ce 0 advanc+4 ,bruno1 ,galileo1 ,newton1 ,columbus & ,wa%+ton _h glimm]+s ( ?is cele/ial light4 ,! l9es #acb writt5 by ,julia ,w>d ,h[e are z tru?ful z !y are beautiful3 ,lift up y\r eyes1 despond+ freem51 ,fl+ to ! w9ds y\r ne$less fe>s2 ,he :o unfurl$ y\r glori\s bann]1 ,said x %all wave a ?\s& ye>s4 ,a ?\s& ye>s1 my own ,columbia1 ',tis ! glad day s long =etold2 ',tis ! glad morn ^: e>ly twilight ,wa%+ton saw 9 days ( old4 ,b x is object$ t ! prophecies ( scripture are obscure & wrapp$ up 9 symbolical language4 ,?is objection proce$s f a total misappreh5sion ( ! nature & design ( prophecy1 :i* is n to unveil ! future = ! gratification ( our curiosity1 b to give directions = our pres5t duty & future welf>e4 ,! l>g] "p ( ! prophecies ( scripture is tak5 up ) directions h[ m5 %\ld regulate _! conduct1 r ?an ) in=mation h[ ,god int5ds to regulate ,84 ,z to ! objection aga9/ ! symbolical language ( prophecy1 x may be ask$1 h[ c heav5ly ?+s be reveal$ to e>?-born m51 b by e>?ly figures8 ,:o kn[s a s+le ^w1 9 our own or any o!r language1 to express a spiritual /ate1 or m5tal op]ation1 t is n ! "n ( "s mat]ial /ate or physical op]ation us$ symbolically8 ,_s1 memory1 imag9ation1 etc41 are ea* a symbol or figure ( spee*4 ,9 :at way c\ld ,god or man tea* u to "k any?+ except by ei!r %[+ u a picture ( x1 or tell+ u :at x is l1 t is1 simply by #acc type or symbol8 ,^! are ! only possible means = convey+ heav5ly tru? or future hi/ory to our m9ds4 ,:51 !re=e1 ! skeptic insi/s t prophecy be giv5 lit]ally 9 ! /yle ( hi/ory writt5 9 advance1 he simply requires t ,god %\ld make x utt]ly un9telligible4 ,we may ga!r mu* valuable in=mation f symbolic language2 b hi/ory writt5 9 advance w\ld be m difficult to deciph] ?an ! inscriptions ( ,n9eveh or ,egypt1 or ! /ill m obscure hi]oglyphics ( ,c5tral ,am]ica4 ,imag9e ,alex&] read+ ,bancr(t in/ead ( ,daniel4 ,! ,hebrew prophet he might und]/&1 = he himself 0 ! fulfillm5t ( a "p ( ,daniel's prophecy1 b :at c\ld he le>n f read+ su* a record z ?is8 ,9 ! ye> ( ,*ri/1 #ahdg1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates conqu]$ ,mexico & annex$ ,cali=nia4 ,he w\ld say1 ,9 ! ye> ( ,*ri/--:at does t mean8 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates may mean ! /ates ( ,greece2 b on :at %ore ( ! ,m$it]ranean c ,mexico & ,cali=nia be f\nd8 ,:at in=mation c\ld ,ari/otle ga!r f ! fact t ! electric telegraph 0 inv5t$ 9 #ahdd8 ,c\ld all ! wise m5 ( ,rome h expla9$ to ,julius ,caes> ! foll[+ dispat*1 if giv5 9 prophetic vision8 ,seba/opol 0 evacuat$ la/ night aft] endur+1 = ?ree days1 an inf]nal fire ( %ot & %ell4 ,%\ld we dim9i% ! vi/a to )9 two or ?ree c5turies1 :at c\ld ,oliv] ,cromwell1 aid$ by ! :ole ,briti% p>liam5t1 h made #acd ( a prophetic vision ( a s+le newspap] p>agraph1 writt5 9 advance1 to in=m !m t ,?ree companies ( soldi]s came d[n la/ night f ,b]wick to ,s\?ampton1 by a special tra91 travel+ fifty-f\r & a half miles an h\r1 includ+ /oppages1 & emb>k$ imm$iately on arrival4 ,! fleet put to sea at noon 9 ! face ( a full gale f ! s\?-we/8 ,:y1 ! intelligible "p ( ?is s+le p>agraph w\ld seem to !m m impossible1 & ! un9telligible "p m absurd ?an all ! my/]i\s symbols ( ! ,apocalypse4 ,a complete prophetic hi/ory ( ! /eam-eng9e1 /eam navigation & railways w\ld h be5 necess>y be=e !y c\ld h und]/ood x4 ,! _w has accept$ ,god's symbols ?\s&s ( ye>s ago1 & x is too late 9 ! day = skeptics to d]ide ! laws ( ?\ght & =ms ( spee*4 ,david's prophetic psalms1 ,isaiah's cele/ial an!ms1 ,ezekiel's glori\s symbols1 ,solomon's t]se prov]bs & ! ,savior's lovely p>ables w be recit$ & admir$ ages aft] ! foggy ab/ractions ( ,p>k] & ,newman1 ,c>lyle & ,em]son h vani%$ f ! e>?4 ,! ,biblical symbols ( ! ,?ir/ ( ,passion1 ! ,blood ( ,murd]1 ! ,rod ( ,*a/isem5t1 ! ,iron ,scept]1 ! ,fire ( ,wra?1 ! ,balance ( ,righte\sness1 ! ,sword ( ,ju/ice & ! ,:eels ( ,provid5ce w photograph _! lessons on ,memory's tablet1 :ile ! mi/s ( ! positive philosophy float pa/ unhe$$ to ! l& ( =getfulness4 ,god's prophetic symbols are ! #ace glori\s embodim5ts ( liv+ tru?s1 :ile skeptics' !ories are ! melan*oly gho/s ( expir+ nons5se4 ,! prophetic symbols are suffici5tly pla9 to be di/9ctly intelligible aft] ! fulfillm5t2 b suffici5tly obscure to baffle presumptu\s curiosity be=e x4 ,_h !y be5 s writt5 z to be fully intelligible be=eh&1 !y mu/ h int]f]$ ) man's free ag5cy1 by caus+ _! own fulfillm5t4 ,!y hide ! future suffici5tly to make man feel 8 ignorance2 !y reveal en\gh to enc\rage fai? 9 ! ,god :o rules x4 ,god's prophecy is n m]ely ,8 =etell+ some?+ :i* w c]ta9ly happ5 at "s future "t1 b ov] :i* ,he has no control--z an a/ronom] =etells an eclipse ( ! sun1 b c nei!r ha/5 nor h9d] x--b x is ! reveal+ ( a "p ( ,8 plan ( ?is _w's affairs1 to %[ t ,god & n man is ! sov]eign ( x4 ,infidels feel ! p[] ( ?is manife/ation ( ,god 9 ,8 ^w2 & are driv5 to e possible d5ial ( ! fact4 ,!y feel1 in/9ctively1 t ! ,bible prophecies are f> m ?an m]e pr$ictions4 ,!y w\ld r end[ e human be+ on e>? ) ! p[] ( pr$ict+ ! future1 ?an all[ ! ,god ( heav5 t p[] ( rul+ ! pres5t1 :i* ^! prophecies ass]t4 ,h5ce we f9d !m frequ5tly patroniz+ m$iums & =tune tell]s ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ru9s ,,( ,,babylon ,! prophecies ( ! scriptures are frequ5tly pr$ictions at once unexampl$ & unp>allel$4 ,nations c\ld n p]i% be=e !y _h gr[n1 #acf nor empires be de/roy$ till !y _h accumulat$4 ,babylon1 ,n9eveh1 ,damascus & ,tyre _h be5 gr[+ & fl\ri%+ = a ?\s& ye>s1 at ! "t t ,jonah1 ,micah1 ,hosea & ,isaiah pron\nc$ _! s5t5ces aga9/ !m4 ,at t "t1 mank9d _h n yet se5 a ru9$ empire4 ,judg+ f ! pa/ !y _h no reason to expect #acg any?+ else ?an prosp]ity conc]n+ ^! cities2 yet ! prophets pron\nc$ desolation & solitude aga9/ ^! cities :i* 7 !n ! capitals ( nations m popul\s ?an ?is cont95t at ! pres5t "t1 & display$ build+s1 a sight ( ^: crumbl+ ru9s is deem$ suffici5t recomp5se = ! p]ils ( a j\rney ( t5 ?\s& miles4 ,e *ur*1 hall1 s*ool-h\se1 !atre & hospital ( ,salt ,lake ,city c\ld h be5 conv5i5tly arrang$ 9 ! basem5t ( ! great temple ( ,belus4 ,on ! fir/ floor !re 0 room en\gh = ! :ole adult population ( ,utah to assemble1 :ile ! rema9+ sev5 /ories w\ld h /ill be5 op5 = ! accomodation ( ! citiz5s ( ,babylon4 ,:5 ! prophets wrote _! pr$ictions1 ! walls ( ,babylon _h be5 rais$ to ! hight ( ?ree hundr$ & fifty feet1 & made broad en\gh = six *>iots to drive ^u !m abrea/4 ,f its hundr$ braz5 gates issu$ ! armies :i* trampl$ "u foot ! lib]ties ( mank9d1 & pres5t$ _! lives to ! nod ( a despot1 :o slew :om he w\ld1 & :om he w\ld1 all[$ to live4 ,tw5ty ye>s' provisions 7 collect$ )9 its walls1 & ! _w w\ld n believe t an enemy c\ld ent] its gates4 ,nev]!less1 ! prophets ( ,god pron\nc$ aga9/ x a doom ( de/ruction z extraord9>y z ! pride & wick$ness :i* procur$ x4 ,tyre1 ! ,london ( ,asia1 0 to become a place = ! spread+ ( nets 7,ezekiel xxvi #e71 ,! infidel1 ,volney1 tells u t1 ,its comm]ce has decl9$ to a trifl+1 #ach fi%]y2 b ev5 t implies "s few resid5t inhabitants4 ,rabbah ( ,ammon 0 to become1 ,a /able = camels & c\*+ place = flocks 7,ezekiel xxv1 #e74 ,"l ,l9dsay reports t1 he c\ld n sleep amid/ its ru9s = ! bleat+ ( %eep 9 ! %eep-folds & ! bray+ ( camels 9 its ru9s4 ,yet %eep-folds imply t _! ,arab own]s w\ld occasionally reside ne> its ru9s4 ,b desolation1 solitude & utt] ab&onm5t to ! wild bea/ ( ! des]t is ! cle>ly-pr$ict$ doom ( ! anci5t _w's pr\d capital3 ,babylon1 ! glory ( k+doms1 ! beauty ( ! ,*aldees' excell5cy1 %all be z :5 ,god ov]?rew ,sodom & ,gomorrah4 ,x %all nev] be inhabit$1 nei!r %all x be dwelt 91 f g5]ation to g5]ation3 nei!r %all ! ,arabian pit* 8 t5t !re2 nei!r %all ! %eph]ds make _! folds !re4 ,b wild bea/s ( ! des]t %all lie !re1 & _! h\ses %all be full ( doleful creatures2 & owls %all dwell !re1 & satyrs %all dance !re4 ,& ! wild bea/s ( ! isl&s %all cry 9 _! desolate h\ses1 & dragons 9 _! pleasant palaces 7,isaiah xiii1 #ai #bb74 ,e travel] atte/s ! fulfillm5t ( ?is /range pr$iction4 ,x is a t5antless & desolate ru91 says ,mignon1 :o1 ?\gh fully arm$ & att5d$ by six ,arabs1 c\ld n be induc$ by any rew>d to pass ! night among its ru9s1 f 8 appreh5sion ( evil spirits4 ,s completely fulfill$ is ! prophecy1 ,! ,arabian %all n pit* 8 t5t !re4 ,! same voice #aci t call$ camels & flocks to ! palaces ( ,rabbah1 summon$ a v diff]5t class ( t5ants = ! palaces ( ,babylon4 ,rabbah 0 to be a %eep-fold1 ,babylon a m5ag]ie ( wild bea/s--a v specific diff]5ce & v improbable4 ,h[ev]1 aft] x 0 de/roy$ & des]t$1 "o ( ! ,p]sian k+s repair$ its walls1 conv]t$ x into a va/ hunt+ gr\nd & /ock$ x ) v>i\s k9ds ( wild bea/s2 & to ?is day ! apes ( ! ,spice ,isl&s1 & ! lions ( ! ,african wilds meet 9 its ru9s & h[l _! te/imony to ! tru? ( ,god's ^w4 ,only a few ye>s ago4 ,sir ,r4 ,k4 ,port] & ,dr4 ,ri*1 saw two maje/ic lions 9 ! ,mujelibe or ru9s ( ! palace4 ,! nations select$ z examples ( div9e ju/ice are z v>i\s z _! s5t5ces are diff]5t--cov]+ a space z long z f ,new ,york to ,san ,francisco & climes z v>i\s z ^? betwe5 ,canada & ,cuba2 peopl$ by m5 ( e %ade ( color & degree ( capacity f ! negro s]vant ( s]vants1 to ! build]s ( ! ,coliseum & ! pyramids4 ,! prophecies describe 9 _! own expressive symbols1 ! nations yet unf\nd$ & k+s unborn1 :o %\ld ignorantly execute ! judgm5ts ( ,god4 ,!y also pr$ict ! future ( ov] ?irty /ates--no two ( :i* are alike4 ,if1 = in/ance1 a prophet %\ld decl>e t ,new ,york %\ld be ov]turn$ & become a little fi%+ village--t ,philadelphia %\ld become a swamp & nev] be inhabit$--t ,new #adj ,orleans %\ld become a dry1 b>r5 des]t1 & ,*icago be utt]ly consum$ ) fire & nev] be rebuilt--t le>n+ %\ld dep>t f ,bo/on & no travel]s %\ld pass ?r\gh x any m--t ,new ,engl& %\ld become ! base/ ( ! nations & no native ,am]ican ev] be presid5t ( ! ,union1 b t x %\ld be a spoil & a prey to ! mo/ savage tribes--t ! ,russians %\ld tread ,wa%+ton "u foot = a ?\s& ye>s1 b t ,god w\ld pres]ve ,pittsburg & ,salt ,lake ,city 9 ! mid/ ( de/ruction2 !n1 if all ^! ?+s %\ld come to pass1 w\ld any man d>e to say t ! prophet spake ! dictates ( human sagacity1 or ! calculations ( human reason1 & 0 n inspir$ by ! ,_s ( ,god8 ,su* 0 ! "* ( ! prophecies conc]n+ ! geographical1 political1 social & religi\s condition ( ! greate/ nations ( antiquity4 ,consid]+ ! modes ( anci5t w>f>e1 ,egypt 0 "o ( ! mo/ def5sible c\ntries 9 ! _w4 ,b\nd$ on ! s\? by high m\nta9s1 on ! ea/ by ! ,r$ ,sea1 on ! we/ by ! trackless1 burn+ des]t1 %e 0 able to def5d ! m\?s ( h] riv] ) a p[]ful navy1 to dr[n an invad+ army e ye> by ! inundation ( ! ,nile4 ,egypt _h n only ma9ta9$ h] indep5d5ce1 b ext5d$ h] conque/s = a ?\s& ye>s4 ,%e _h giv5 le>n+1 art1 sci5ce & idolatry to half ! _w & _h n yet ris5 to ! hight ( h] fame or ext5t ( h] influ5ce until _m ye>s aft] ! #ada pr$ictions aga9/ h] 7 utt]$4 ,yet x 0 prophesi$1 ,i w make ! riv]s dry1 & sell ! l& into ! h& ( ! wick$2 & ,i w make ! l& wa/e & all t is !re9 by ! h& ( /rang]s4 ,i1 ! ,"l1 h spok5 x4 ,?us sai? ! ,"l ,god1 ,i w also de/roy ! idols1 & ,i w cause ! images to cease out ( ,noph1 & !re %all be no m a pr9ce ( ! l& ( ,egypt4 #ada ,,illu/ration3 ,,sphynx ,,& ,,pyramids #adb ,! infidel1 ,volney1 ?us relates ! fulfillm5t ( ^! pr$ictions3 ,su* is ! /ate ( ,egypt4 ,depriv$ tw5ty-?ree c5turies ago ( h] natural prop]ties1 %e has se5 h] f]tile fields successively a prey to ! ,p]sians1 ! ,mac$onians1 ! ,romans1 ! ,greeks1 ! ,arabs1 ! ,georgians & at l5g? ! race ( ,t>t>s di/+ui%$ by ! "n ( ,ottoman ,turks4 ,! ,mamelukes pur*as$ z slaves1 & introduc$ z soldi]s1 soon usurp$ ! p[] & select$ a lead]4 ,if _! fir/ e/abli%m5t 0 a s+ul> ev5t1 _! cont9uance is no less extraord9>y2 !y are replac$ by slaves1 br\ght f _! orig9al c\ntry4 7,volney's ,travels1 ,vol4 ,i1 page #gd74 ,gibbon1 ano!r infidel1 /ates1 ,! mo/ illu/ri\s sultans ( ! ,bah>ite & ,beyite dyna/ies 7 !mselves promot$ f ! ,t>t> & ,circassian b&s2 & ! f\r & tw5ty beys1 or milit>y *iefs1 h ev] be5 succe$$1 n by _! sons1 b by _! s]vants4 7,decl9e & ,fall1 *ap4 xlix74 ,x is ne$less to rem9d ! read] t ! idols are cut (f4 ,nei!r ! nom9al ,*ri/ians ( ,egypt nor ! ,mahometans all[ images among !m4 ,! riv]s1 too1 are dry+ up4 ,9 "o day's travel =ty dry wat] c\rses w be cross$ #adc 9 ! delta ( ! ,nile2 & ! travel] ne$s to c>ry wat] ) him1 :o explores ! ru9$ cities ?r\gh :i* once float$ ,greek & ,roman navies4 ,aga91 x 0 prophesi$1 ,x %all be ! base/ ( ! k+doms1 nei!r %all x exalt itself any m above ! nations1 = ,i w dim9i% !m t !y %all no m rule ov] ! nations4 7,ezekiel1 xxix1 #ae74 ,e travel] atte/s ! tru? ( ?is pr$iction4 ,! wret*$ peasantry are rejoic$ to labor = any "o :o w pay !m five c5ts a day1 & !n quickly hide ! treasure 9 ! gr\nd f ! rapaci\s tax-ga!r]4 ,9 ,egypt !re is no middle class1 nei!r nobility1 cl]gy1 m]*ants nor l&-hold]s4 ,a univ]sal appe>ance ( mis]y arre/s ! att5tion ( ! travel] & po9ts out to him ! rapacity & oppression z well z ! ignorance ( ! inhabitants1 :o are equally unable to p]ceive ! cause ( _! evils or to apply ! necess>y rem$ies4 ,ignorance diffus$ ?r\gh e class1 ext5ds its effects to e species ( moral & physical k4 ,babylon 0 to be r$uc$ to utt] b>r5ness & desolation1 ,egypt to slav]y & degradation2 b a diff]5t & /ill m incr$ible doom is pron\nc$ 9 ! ,bible ^u ,judea & its p3 ,i w make y\r cities wa/e & br+ y\r sanctu>ies unto desolation1 & ,i w br+ ! l& into desolation3 & y\r enemies :i* dwell !re9 %all be a/oni%$ at x4 ,& ,i w scatt] y among ! hea!n1 & w draw out a #add sword aft] y3 & y\r l& %all be desolate & y\r cities wa/e4 7,leviticus1 xxvi1 #ca-cc47 ,! g5]ation to come ( y\r *ildr5 & ! /rang] f a f> l& %all say1 ,:]e=e ha? ! ,"l done ?us to ?is l&8 ,:at meane? ! heat ( ?is great ang]8 ,! foll[+ te/imony ( ,volney is an example ( ! mann] 9 :i* ,god causes infidels & sc(f]s to fulfill ! prophecies3 ,i j\rney$ 9 ! empire ( ! ,ottomans1 & trav]s$ ! prov9ces1 :i* 7 =m]ly ! k+doms ( ,egypt & ,syria4 ,?is ,syria1 said ,i to myself1 n[ almo/ depopulat$1 !n conta9$ a hundr$ fl\ri%+ cities1 & ab\nd$ ) t[ns1 villages & hamlets4 ,:at has become ( ^? ages ( abundance & ( life8 ,great ,god6 f :5ce proce$ su* melan*oly revolutions8 ,= :at cause is ! =tune ( ^! c\ntries s /rik+ly *ang$8 ,:y are s _m cities de/roy$8 ,:y is n t anci5t population reproduc$ & p]petuat$8 ,a my/]i\s ,god ex]cises ,8 incompreh5sible judgm5ts4 ,he has d\btless pron\nc$ a secret mal$iction aga9/ ! e>?4 ,he has /ruck ) a curse ! pres5t race ( m5 9 rev5ge ( pa/ g5]ations4 7,volney's ,ru9s1 ,book ,i71 ,! mal$iction is no secret to any "o :o w read ! tw5ty-n9? *apt] ( ,deut]onomy4 ,( ,j]usalem x 0 pr$ict$1 ,x %all be trodd5 d[n ( ! ,g5tiles4 ,s>ac5s1 ,turks1 ,crusad]s & pilgrims f all p>ts ( ! e>? #ade h be5 & are fulfill+ ?is pr$iction at ! pres5t day4 ,( ! temple1 x 0 said1 ,!re %all n be left "o /one ^u ano!r1 t %all n be ?r[n d[n4 ,hi/ory has pres]v$1 & ! ,jews to ?is day curse ! "n ( ! soldi]1 ,t]5tius ,rufus1 :o pl[$ up ! f\ndations ( ! temple4 ,! ,roman emp]or1 ,julian1 attempt$ to falsify ! ,savior's words1 ,behold1 y\r h\se is left unto y desolate2 & s5t 8 fri5d1 ,alypius1 ) a ,roman army & abundant treasure1 to rebuild x4 ,! ,jews flock$ f all p>ts to assi/ 9 ! "w2 b ! comb9$ =ces 7 oblig$ to desi/ f ! attempt4 ,horrible balls ( fire1 break+ out f ! f\ndations ) repeat$ attacks1 r5d]$ ! place inaccessible to ! scor*$ workm5 & ! ent]prise 0 dropp$4 7,ammiam ,m>cellus1 ,book xxiii1 *ap4 #a74 ,su* is ! te/imony ( a hea!n1 confirm$ by ,jews & ,*ri/ians4 ,! ,mahometan ,mosque ( ,om> n[ re>s its l(ty dome :]e once /ood ! ,temple ( ,solomon1 & no ,jew is p]mitt$ to tread t sacr$ spot4 ,( ! ,israeliti% nation ,god pr$ict$ t x %\ld be a peculi>1 di/9ct p1 disp]s$ among1 yet sep>ate f1 ! o!r nations ( ! e>?3 ,i w sift ! h\se ( ,israel among all nations1 l z corn is sift$ 9 a sieve1 yet %all n ! lea/ gra9 fall ^u ! e>?4 7,amos ix1 #i74 ,aga91 ,& yet1 = all t1 :5 !y are 9 ! l& ( _! enemies1 ,i w n ca/ !m away1 nei!r w ,i abhor !m to de/roy !m #adf utt]ly1 & to break my cov5ant ) !m2 = ,i am ! ,"l _! ,god4 7,lev4 xxvi1 #dd74 ,"h are f\r di/9ct pr$ictions2 national peculi>ity1 griev\s oppression1 univ]sal disp]sion & rem>kable pres]vation4 ,! fulfillm5t is obvi\s & und5iable4 ,! infidel is sorely p]plex$ to give any acc\nt ( ?is great ph5om5on4 ,h[ does x happ5 t ^! s+ul> p are disp]s$ ov] all ! e>?1 & = eighte5 hundr$ ye>s h resi/$ all ! influ5ces ( nature1 all ! cu/oms ( society & all ! p[]s ( p]secution driv+ !m t[>d amalgamation1 & irresi/ible 9 all o!r in/ances4 ,9 spite ( ! p[] ( imp]ial ,rome & ! tortures ( ! ,spani% ,inquisition1 amid ! *aos ( ,asiatic & ,african tribes1 & ! fusion ( ,am]ican democracy1 on ! pla9s ( ,au/ralia & ! /reets ( ,san ,francisco1 ! religion & ! cu/oms ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel are z di/9ct ?is day z !y 7 ?ree ?\s& ye>s ago :5 ,moses wrote !m 9 ! ,p5tateu*1 & _! physiognomy ! same z :5 ,%i%ak caus$ !m to be engrav5 on ! monum5ts ( anci5t ,k>nack4 ,human sagacity _c expla9 ^! facts z !y exi/ to-day1 mu* less c\ld x =etell !m ?ree ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,did space p]mit1 x might be %[n t ! pr$ictions aga9/ ! sev5 *ur*es ( ,asia1 7 lit]ally fulfill$4 7,see ,rev4 i & ii74 ,ephesus1 once fam\s = its magnific5ce & ! great temple ( ,diana1 ! m>t ( comm]ce #adg & ! busy av5ue ( travel1 0 ! fir/ to receive ! doom ( abus$ privileges3 ,i w remove ?y c&le/ick out ( its place unless ?\ rep5t4 ,a few un9telligible heaps ( /one1 says ,arundell1 ) "s mud cottages unt5ant$1 are all t rema9 ( ! great city ( ! ,ephesians4 ,ev5 ! sea has retir$ f ! sc5e ( desolation1 & a pe/il5tial morass1 cov]$ ) mud & ru%es1 has succe$$ to ! wat]s :i* br\ght up ! %ips lad5 ) m]*&ise f ! :ole kn[n _w4 ,laodicea1 "s ( ^: public build+s w\ld conta9 #ajj1jjj p]sons2 ,s>dis1 t once conta9$ m specie ?an is n[ 9 circulation 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 ,?yatira1 t once manufactur$ ! royal purple ( k+s & pr9ces2 ,p]gamos1 ! seat ( le>n+ & ! bir?-place ( ,gal51 ! fa!r ( m$ic9e2 all ^! cities are 9 ru9s4 ,amid ! fall5 columns & brok5 ar*es1 ! temple ( ,jupit]1 ( ,v5us or ( ,diana1 w equally elude ! se>* ( ! curi\s travel]4 ,!y h all receiv$ _! doom accord+ to ! words ( ,jesus4 ,yet1 ,smyrna1 aga9/ :i* no doom 0 pron\nc$1 is /ill ! que5 city ( ,asia ,m9or2 & ,philadelphia1 ( :i* x 0 said1 ,i w write ^u him my new "n1 is /ill erect--a column 9 a sc5e ( ru9s4 ,! pr$iction ( ! ,savior is fulfill$ 9 its mod]n "n1 ,allah ,sehr--! city ( ,god4 ,! prophecies reg>d+ ! ,messiah & _! fulfillm5t might also be notic$4 ,! "t1 ! #adh place1 ! mann] ( ,8 bir?1 ,8 p>5tage & reception1 7 pla9ly decl>$1 hundr$s ( ye>s be=e ,he appe>$4 ,comp>e ,micah v4 #b1 & ,mat!w ii4 #a2 also ,isaiah lxi4 #a1 & ,mat!w xi4 #e2 likewise ,isaiah liii4 #c1 & ,mat!w xxvi4 #ef4 ,^! & _m o!r passages prove t ! "* & mission ( ! com+ ,messiah 7 po9t$ly =etold long be=e ,he made ,8 appe>ance 9 ! fle%4 ,! "o gr&1 unp>allel$ fact ( ! resurrection f ! tomb is also pr$ict$1 ,?\ wilt n leave my s\l 9 hell1 nor wilt ,?\ give ,?9e ,holy ,"o to see corruption 7,psalm xvi4 #aj74 ,(t5 did ,jesus pr$ict ?is ev5t be=e fri5d & foe4 ,ev5 ,8 enemies decl>$1 ,sir1 we rememb] t t deceiv] said1 :ile he 0 yet alive4 ,aft] ?ree days ,i w rise aga94 ,! la/ *apt]s ( ! gospel relate ! pro(s by :i* ,he conv9c$ ,8 incr$ul\s disciples t ! prophecy 0 fulfill$1 ,behold my h&s & my feet1 t x is ,i myself4 ,h&le me & see1 = a _s ha? n fle% & bones z ye see me h4 ,& :5 ,he _h ?us spok5 ,he %[$ !m ,8 h&s & ,8 feet4 ,& :ile !y yet believ$ n = joy & wond]$4 ,he sai? unto !m1 ',h ye "h any meat8' ,& !y gave ,him a piece ( a broil$ fi% & ( a honeycomb4 ,& ,he took x & did eat be=e !m 7,luke xxiv4 #ci74 ,aft]w>ds1 ,he l$ !m out z f> z to ,be?any & ,he lift$ up ,8 h&s & bless$ !m4 ,& :ile ,he 0 bless+ !m ,he 0 p>t$ f !m & c>ri$ up into #adi heav5 7,luke xxiv4 #ej1 #ea74 ,& :ile !y look$ /eadfa/ly t[>d heav5 z ,he w5t up1 behold two m5 /ood by !m 9 :ite app>el & said1 ,ye m5 ( ,galilee1 :y /& ye gaz+ up into heav58 ,?is same ,jesus1 :i* is tak5 up f y into heav51 %all s come 9 l mann] z ye h se5 ,him g into heav5 7,acts i4 #aj-ab74 ,) our own eyes we %all see ! fulfillm5t ( ?is prophecy4 ,e eye %all see ,him4 ,! cl\ds ( heav5 %all !n reveal ! vision n[ sket*$ on ! page ( revelation4 ,9 conclusion1 let u notice a few ( ! prophecies giv5 ?r\gh ! ,prophet ,joseph1 & _! wond]ful fulfillm5t4 ,:5 ,joseph ,smi? 0 an obscure1 unle>n$ y\?1 liv+ at 8 fa!r's h\se1 9 ! !n sp>sely settl$ region ( we/]n ,new ,york1 ! angel ,moroni told him t ,god _h a "w = him to d1 & t 8 "n %\ld be _h = good & evil among all nations1 k9dr$s & tongues4 ,m5 ( all classes are witnesses h[ lit]ally ?is has be5 fulfill$4 ,!n1 aga91 9 #ahcb1 :5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 enjoy+ ! bless+s ( pr(\nd peace1 ! ,"l decl>$1 by ! m\? ( ! ,prophet ,joseph3 ,v]ily1 ?us sai? ! ,"l1 conc]n+ ! w>s t w %ortly come to pass1 beg9n+ at ! rebellion ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a1 :i* w ev5tually t]m9ate 9 ! dea? & mis]y ( _m s\ls4 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,= behold ! ,s\!rn ,/ates %all be divid$ aga9/ ! ,nor!rn ,/ates & ! ,s\!rn ,/ates w call on o!r nations1 ev5 ! nation #aej ( ,great ,brita91 z x is call$1 etc41 7,doc4 & ,cov41 ,sec4 lxxxvii74 ,! :ole adult population ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates are witnesses ( ! fulfillm5t ( ?is prophecy4 ,= _m ye>s x rema9$ unfulfill$1 & ! ,eld]s :o proclaim$ x met ) scorn & sne]s2 b1 at l5g?1 arriv$ ! t]rible havoc & /orm ( w>4 ,!re _h be5 _m rebellions )9 ! t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 ,virg9ia _h occurr$ ,bacon's rebellion2 9 ,m>yl&1 ,clayborne's rebellion2 9 ,new ,engl&1 ! insurrection1 controll$ by ! ,h>t=d conv5tion1 ( #ahad2 9 ,we/]n ,p5nsylvania1 ! ,/ate ( ,frankl91 _h1 at "o "t1 held a political exi/5ce = ne>ly two ye>s4 ,!n1 by :at human sagacity 0 x pr$ict$ t ! w> mu/ comm5ce 9 ,s\? ,c>ol9a8 ,let ! skeptic read & pond]4 #aea ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,infidel ,,objections ,,consid]$4 ,,arrogance ,,( ,,infidels--,,_! ,,ignorance--,,sun',s ,,heat--,,saturn',s ,,r+s--,a ,,sci5ti/',s ,,!ory ,,( ,,! ,,deluge--,,d5sity ,,( ,,comets--,,! ,,milky ,,way--,,unkn[n ,,=ces ,,( ,,! ,,univ]se--,,antiquity ,,( ,,! ,,e>?--,,tea*+s ,,( ,,anci5t ,,prophets--,,tea*+s ,,( ,,primitive ,,*ur*--,,mod]n ,,sci5ti/s4 ,! gr& error ( infidel !ories 9 reg>d to creation lies 9 ! arrogant assumption on :i* e "o ( !m mu/ be f\nd$4 ,!y assume t ! !ori/ is acqua9t$ ) all sub/ances & all =ces 9 ! univ]se1 & ) all ! modes ( _! op]ation4 ,?is k mu/ apply1 n m]ely to ! pres5t age1 b to all pa/ epo*s2 n m]ely to ?is _w1 b1 likewise1 to o!rs 9 widely diff]5t & utt]ly unkn[n situations & conditions4 ,o!rwise1 t unkn[n =ce mu/ h _h its influ5ce 9 fram+ ! _w4 ,= in/ance1 a !ory ( creation :i* w\ld neglect ! attraction ( gravitation w\ld be manife/ly false4 ,b !re are o!r laws1 ! p[] ( repulsion1 = in/ance1 ^: omission w\ld be equally fatal4 ,skeptics #aeb are aw>e ( ?is fact1 & h s\ght to simplify matt]s1 by r$uc+ all sub/ances to a few simple elem5ts1 & all =ces to ! =m ( "o univ]sal law4 ,in/ead ( ?is1 *emi/ry1 e ye>1 reveals new sub/ances & increases our k ( nature's v>iety4 ,at "o "t1 x 0 boa/$ t a/ronomy w\ld enable u to acc\nt = all ! op]ations ( ! univ]se2 b1 in/ead ( ?is1 x has reveal$ sub/ances & =ces1 ^: nature & comb9ations are entirely unkn[n4 ,= example1 x is e/imat$ t ! sun's heat at its surface is #cjj1jjj times great] ?an at ! surface ( ! e>?4 ,an exce$+ly few rays ( ! sun1 conc5trat$ by a burn+ mirror1 w conv]t gold & plat9a into vapor4 ,at ?is rate1 x is calculat$ t if a cat>act ( iceb]gs1 a mile high & z broad z ! ,atlantic ocean1 0 laun*$ into ! sun1 ) ! velocity ( a cannon ball1 x w\ld be conv]t$ into /eam z fa/ z x ent]$ 8 atmosph]e1 )\t cool+ 8 surface 9 ! lea/ degree4 ,b h[ is su* an enorm\s heat kept up8 ,hi!rto1 e discov]y1 s f> f giv+ u an explanation1 seems r to remove f>!r ! prospect ( probable explanation4 7,outl9es ( ,a/ronomy1 ,vol4 vi41 p4 #djj47 ,yet ! sun is ! ne>e/ ( ! fix$ />s1 by f> ! be/ kn[n1 & mo/ ne>ly relat$ to u4 ,9 fact1 we are dep5d5t on 8 influ5ce = life & heal?4 ,b if ! infidel _c tell ! sun's sub/ance1 or ! nature & cause ( ! light & heat he s5ds u1 h[ c he presume to #aec tell u h[ ?is same sun 0 =m$1 or decl>e t ! ,biblical acc\nt is false8 ,,illu/ration3 ,,view ,,( ,,saturn1 ,,%[+ ,,r+s4 ,conc]n+ ! ne>e/ planets1 h[ little d we "k6 ,are !y built ( ! same mat]ials z our planet8 ,are ,saturn's r+s solid or liquid8 ,! planet1 ,saturn1 is surr\nd$ ) a revolv+ belt consi/+ ( sev]al di/9ct r+s1 conta9+ an e/imat$ area a hundr$ & =ty-six times great] ?an ! surface ( our globe1 ) a ?ickness ( a hundr$ miles4 ,f me*anical consid]ations1 x has be5 prov$ t ^! r+s c\ld n be ( uni=m ?ickness all ar\nd1 else :5 a majority ( h] sev5 moons 7 on ! same side1 ! attraction w\ld draw !m 9 ^u h] on ! opposite side2 & once attract$ to h] surface1 !y c\ld nev] get loose aga91 if !y 7 solid4 ,x 0 next asc]ta9$ t ! motion ( ! moons ( ,saturn & h] r+s 0 su* t ! r+s mu/ be capable ( *ang+ _! ?ickness accord+ to circum/ances4 ,f9ally1 x 0 demon/rat$ t ^! r+s 7 fluid & t _! d5sity is ne>ly t ( wat]1 & t ! inn] portion1 at lea/1 is s transp>5t #aed t ! planet has be5 se5 ?r\gh x4 ,! r+s ( ,saturn are1 !n1 a /ream or /reams ( fluid1 r d5s] ?an wat]1 fl[+ ab\t ! planet4 ,?is extraord9>y fact1 :i* %[s h[ ,god c deluge a planet :5 ,he pleases1 is giv5 9 ! language ( a philosoph] ^: ?\ghtless illu/ration ( revelation is all ! m valuable t x is un9t5tional3 ,m4 ,otto ,/ruve1 ,mr4 ,bond & ,sir ,david ,brew/] are agre$ t ,saturn's ?ird r+ is fluid1 t x is gradually approa*+ ! body ( ,saturn1 & t we may expect1 soon] or lat]1 to see x unit$ ) ! body ( ! planet4 ,) ?is deluge imp5d+1 ,saturn w\ld sc>cely be a v eligible resid5ce = m5 :atev] x might be = dolph9s4 7,see ,annual ( ,sci5tific ,discov]y1 #ahef1 p4 #cgg47 ,let ! skeptic %[ t ,god did n1 or c\ld n susp5d a simil> cele/ial ocean ov] ! e>?1 or cease to pron\nce a univ]sal deluge impossible4 ,aga91 x may be ask$4 ,has ! moon an atmosph]e8 ,are ! atmosph]es ( ! planets l ours8 ,:at is ! cause ( ! light & heat ( ! sun8 ,^! & _m o!r que/ions sci5ti/s v>i\sly answ]1 b leave unansw]$ aft] all4 ,comets con/itute by f> ! greate/ numb] ( ! bodies ( our sol> sy/em4 ,arago says sev5 millions frequ5t x1 )9 ! orbit ( ,uranus4 ,!y are ! l>ge/ bodies kn[n to u1 /ret*+ across hundr$s ( millions ( miles4 #aee ,,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,comet ,,( #ahaa4 ,!y approa* ne>] to ?is e>? ?an any o!r bodies1 sometimes ev5 involv+ x 9 _! tails1 & g5]ally excit+ great al>m among its inhabitants4 ,b ! nature ( ! transp>5t1 lum9\s matt] ( :i* !y are compos$ is utt]ly unkn[n4 ,:ile _! d5sity 0 d\btful1 !y =m$ v conv5i5t mat]ial = ! a!i/'s _w-factory2 b rec5tly !y h be5 lit]ally dissipat$ into smoke by p[]ful telescopes4 ,9 fact a respectable wrea? ( smoke is q sub/antial comp>$ ) ! d5se/ ( ! comets4 ,/>s ( ! smalle/ magnitude rema9 di/9ctly visible ?\gh cov]$ by :at appe>s to be _! d5se/ portion2 al?\gh ^! same />s w\ld be completely obscur$ by a mod]ate fog ext5d+ only a few y>ds above ! #aef e>?4 ,nei!r are !y d5se en\gh to ca/ a %ad[4 ,x is ?us evid5t t ! mo/ sub/antial cl\ds :i* float 9 our atmosph]e are d5se & massy bodies comp>$ ) ! filmy & all b spiritual texture ( a comet's tail4 ,nei!r d m5 und]/& ! laws t gov]n ! motion ( comets4 ,z !y approa* ! sun1 !y come "u an influ5ce directly ! opposite ( attraction4 ,:ile ! body ( ! comet travels t[>ds ! sun1 sometimes ) a velocity ne>ly "o-?ird ( t ( light1 ! tail %oots =? 9 ! opposite direction ) mu* great] velocity4 ,! greate/ velocity ) :i* we are acqua9t$ on e>? is ! velocity ( light1 :i* travels a million times fa/] ?an a cannon ball1 or at ! rate ( #aie1jjj miles p] second4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,comet ,,pass+ ,,r\nd ,,! ,,sun 7,,its ,,p]ihelion74 ,b infidels tell u t ! univ]se is inf9ite1 & !re=e self-exi/5t4 ,?is ass]tion is ess5tial to _! cre$4 ,!y mu/ e/abli% ?is fact #aeg be=e !y c conv9ce !mselves or any o!r p]son1 t ! univ]se _h no ,creator2 = t :i* exi/s by ! necessity ( its own nature mu/ exi/ 9 all "t & 9 e place4 ,b x c be easily %[n t our sol> sy/em has b\nd>ies1 & does n fill ! imm5sity ( space4 ,t broad b& ( lum9\s cl\ds1 :i* /ret*es across ! heav51 call$ ! ,milky ,way1 consi/s ( millions ( />s1 s small & di/ant t we _c see ! individual />s1 & s num]\s t we _c help see+ ! light ( ! mass2 j z we may see ! outl9e ( a =e/ at a di/ance1 b are unable to di/+ui% ! individual trees4 ,besides ! ,milky ,way !re are _m o!r />-cl\ds1 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! heav5s1 :i* h successively be5 %[n by ! telescope to consi/ ( multitudes ( />s4 ,b all ar\nd ^! />-cl\ds1 or ,nebulae z !y are call$1 ! cle> blue sky is discov]$ by ! nak$ eye4 ,n[ x is easy to p]ceive t if all ! regions ( space 7 fill$ ) self-lum9\s suns or planets capable ( reflect+ light1 or ev5 comets1 we %\ld see no blue sky at all3 9 a ^w1 ! :ole heav5 w\ld be "o va/ ,milky ,way4 ,?\gh ! telescope discov]s multitudes ( />s :]e ! nak$ eye sees none1 yet !y are se5 project$ on a p]fectly d>k heav54 ,& ev5 ?r\gh ! ,milky ,way1 & ! o!r />-cl\ds1 ! telescope p5etrates ?r\gh int]vals absolutely d>k & completely void ( any /> ( ! smalle/ telescopic magnitude 7,outl9es ( ,a/ronomy1 *ap4 xvii74 #aeh ,x may assi/ u to und]/& ! full import ( ?is decl>ation to rememb] t ! l>ge/ telescopes n[ 9 use1 cle>ly def9e any object on ! moon's surface z l>ge z ! ,des]et ,bank4 ,we may compreh5d to "s ext5t _! p[] ( p5etrat+ space by ! fact t light1 :i* fla%es f ,san ,francisco to ,london quick] ?an y c close y\r eye & op5 x aga9 requires ?\s&s ( ye>s to travel to our e>? f ! mo/ di/ant />s disc]nible by ^! telescopes4 ,if a sol> sy/em l ours exi/$ any:]e )9 ?is amaz+ di/ance ^! telescopes w\ld c]ta9ly reveal x4 ,9 gaz+ ?r\gh ^! in/rum5ts we are made to feel mo/ s5sibly t n m]ely ?is _w :i* con/itutes our e>?ly all1 & yon glori\s sun :i* %9es ^u x1 b all ! ho/ ( heav5's suns1 planets1 moons & firmam5ts1 :i* our unaid$ eyes behold1 are b z ! h&ful ( s& ( ! ocean %ore1 comp>$ ) ! imm5sity ( ! univ]se4 ,b ev]1 & along ) ?is x has %[n u ! ocean1 z well z ! %ore1 & reveal$ b\ndless regions ( d>kness & solitude /ret*+ ar\nd & f> away beyond ^! isl&s ( exi/5ce4 ,:5 we come to consid] ! va/ness ( ^! regions ( d>kness1 ov] :i* no light has travel$ = millions ( ye>s1 & rememb] also t a/ronom]s h look$ cle> ?r\gh ! nebulae1 & f9d t !y be> no m proportion to ! inf9ite d>kness beh9d !m1 ?an ! sp>ks ( a *imney d to ! ext5t ( ! sky aga9/ #aei :i* !y seem project$1 s f> f imag9+ ! sol> sy/em to be inf9ite1 we /& conf\nd$ at its relative insignificance4 ,!re is no possible evasion ( ?is great fact4 ,x _c be object$ t />s may exi/ at va/ di/ances1 ^: light has n yet rea*$ ! limits ( our sy/em2 = !re is no possible di/ance ov] :i* light c\ld n h travel$1 dur+ et]nal duration4 ,b ! et]nal exi/5ce ( ^! />s is ! v ?+ :i* ! a!i/ is conc]n$ to prove4 ,if we admit t ^! worlds _h a beg9n+1 we are compell$ to seek a cause = t beg9n+3 t is to say1 a ,creator4 ,nor w x answ] ! purpose to say1 t ^! d>k regions may be fill$ ) d>k />s4 ,if x c\ld be prov5 t "s />s %9e1 :ile o!rs are d>k2 !n :y ?is diff]5ce8 ,v>iety is an effect1 & dem&s a prior cause4 ,worlds !re=e d n exi/ by ! necessity ( _! own nature1 :]ev] !re is room = !m1 b mu/ h _h a pre-exi/5t1 ext]nal & sup]natural cause ( _! exi/5ce 9 ! places :]e !y exi/4 ,?is implies design--w-- ,god4 ,9 ^! amaz+ disclosures ( ! unkn[n =ces ( ! heav5s1 d we n he> a voice rebuk+ ! presumption ( ignorant !ori/s1 & ask+1 ,kn[e/ ?\ ! ord9ances ( heav58 ,can/ ?\ set ! dom9ion !re( 9 ! e>? 7,job xxxviii4 #cc74 ,h[ _m influ5ces1 hi!rto undiscov]$ by our rud] s5ses1 may be ev] #afj /ream+ t[>d u1 & modify+ e t]re/rial action4 ,& yet1 because man has trac$ a little conc]n+ "o or two ( ^! laws1 we h deem$ our a/ronomy complete4 ,we h no reason1 save our own self-suffici5t arrogance1 to believe t ! discov]y ( ^! =ces exhau/s ! treasures ( inf9ite wisdom4 ,b ! infidel asks u1 ,does n ! ,bible make a false decl>ation1 :5 x says t ! univ]se 0 creat$ only "s six or sev5 ?\s& ye>s ago8 ,we reply by ask+1 ,:]e does ! ,bible say s8 ,b1 says our objector1 is n ?is ! doctr9e held by ! v>i\s sects & taught by ! v>i\s comm5tators8 ,t is n ! "q be=e u j n[4 ,we are n ask+ :at sects believe1 or un9spir$ tea*]s tea*2 b1 ,:at does ! ,bible say4 ,! ,bible uni=mly attributes ! mo/ remote antiquity to ! "w ( creation4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ,god creat$ ! heav5s & ! e>? 7,g54 i1 #a74 ,s f> f suppos+ man's appe>ance on ! e>? to be ev5 approximately coeval ) ! creation1 human presumption is reprov$ 9 ! rem>kable words1 ,:]e wa/ ?\ :5 ,i laid ! f\ndations ( ! e>?8 7,job1 xxxviii4 #d47 ,9 maje/ic contra/ ) ! frail human race1 ,moses glances at ! primeval monum5ts ( ,god's antiquity1 z ?\gh by !m he might =m "s fa9t conceptions ( et]nity1 & s+s1 ,be=e ! m\nta9s 7 br\ght =?1 or ev] ?\ had/ =m$ ! e>? & ! _w1 ev5 f ev]la/+1 to ev]la/+ ?\ art ,god 7,ps4 xc1 #b74 ,! #afa v phrase 9 ! beg9n+1 is 9 itself an emphatic refutation ( ! notion1 t ! "w ( creation is only "s six or sev5 ?\s& ye>s old4 ,geologi/s h be5 unable to inv5t a bett]1 & h borr[$ f ! ,bible ?is v =m ( spee*1 to designate z ! prim>y =mations1 ^? /rata beyond :i* human k _c p5etrate4 ,?is phrase1 9 ,bible language1 m>ks ! la/ promontory on ! b\ndless ocean ( pa/ et]nity3 ! only positive phrase1 by :i* we c express ! mo/ remote p]iod ( pa/ duration4 ,x expresses n a date--a po9t ( duration2 b a p]iod--a va/ cycle4 ,b "o b\nd>y is p]ceptible to mortals3 t :]e creation rises f its abyss4 ,creat$ eye has nev] se5 ! o!r %ore4 ,let ! geologi/ !n p5etrate z deeply z he c into ! pr(undities ( ! e>?'s f\ndations1 & br+ =? ! monum5ts ( _! ho>y antiquity2 we w foll[ ) unfalt]+ fai?4 ,let ! a/ronom] raise 8 telescope & reflect1 on our a/oni%$ eyes1 ! light :i* fla%$ f morn+ />s1 on ! fir/ day ( ?is e>?'s exi/5ce1 or ev5 ! rays :i* began to travel f di/ant suns millions ( ye>s ere ! fir/ morn+ dawn$ on our planet3 !y %all %$ a sacr$ lu/re ov] ! pages ( inspiration1 & give new beauties ( illu/ration to its maje/ic symbols4 ,b nev] 9 ?is life w geologi/s p5etrate ! dep? ( its my/]ies1 nor a/ronom]s atta9 ! sublimity ( t beg9n+ reveal$ 9 its pages4 ,x is plac$ 9 an #afb antiquity beyond ! p[] ( human calculation1 9 t sublime s5t5ce ) :i* x introduces mortals to ! ,et]nal1 ,9 ! beg9n+ ,god creat$ ! heav5s & ! e>?4 ,! doctr9e ( ! creation ! e>? only six or sev5 ?\s& ye>s ago is a product ( monki% ignorance4 ,clem5s ( ,alex&ria1 :o liv$ 9 ! second c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 & ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 :o 0 a disciple & companion ( ! ,apo/le ,john1 bo? tea* ! exi/5ce ( an indef9ite p]iod betwe5 ! creation & ! prep>atory "w1 fitt+ x = ! habitation ( man4 ,! ,jewi% rabbis also are p]fectly explicit 9 recogniz+ ^! di/9ctions4 ,b x is repli$1 ,does n ! ,bible say1 9 ! f\r? comm&m5t1 ',9 six days ! ,"l made heav51 & e>?1 & ! sea1 & all t 9 !m is8' etc ,true4 ,b we are speak+ j n[ ( a v diff]5t "w2 ! "w ( creation4 ,if any "o does n "k ! diff]5ce betwe5 create & make1 let him turn to 8 diction>y1 & ,web/] w in=m him4 ,if he has no diction>y1 he c satisfy himself ?or\ghly1 z to ! diff]5t mean+s ( ^! two words1 by look+ at _! use 9 ! ,bible4 ,he w f9d ! t]m create us$ :5 !re 7 no organiz$ mat]ials to =m ! e>? f2 unless we adopt ! infidel absurdity t ! pav+ /ones made !mselves4 ,he w also f9d t ! t]m make is appli$ to ! adju/+ ( ! e>? 9 its pres5t condition 7see ,g541 i1 #ba & #bg4 ,psalms1 li1 #aj4 ,ecclesia/es1 xii1 #a4 ,col1 i1 #af74 #afc ,b betwe5 ^! two widely diff]5t processes1 namely ! creation1 & ! organiz+ ( ! _w !re int]v5$ a p]iod ( indef9ite l5g?4 ,t orig9al *aos1 :i* "s w\ld f9d 9 ! second v]se1 nev] _h an exi/5ce save 9 ! bra9s ( a!i/ic philosoph]s4 ,x is purely absurd4 ,! cry/als ( ! smalle/ gra9 ( s&1 ! sporules ( ! humble/ fungus on ! rott5 tree1 & ! animalculae 9 ! fil?ie/ pool ( mud1 are z ord]ly 9 _! arrangem5ts1 z p]fect aft] _! k9d1 & z wisely adapt$ to _! /ation z ! mo/ p]fect be+s on ! e>?4 ,if !n a/ronom]s & geologi/s ass]t t ! e>? 0 millions or hundr$s ( millions ( ye>s 9 process ( prep>ation = its pres5t /ate1 by a long s]ies ( successive de/ructions & r5ovations1 & gradual =mations1 !re is n "o ^w 9 ! ,bible to contradict t op9ion2 b on ! contr>y1 v _m texts :i* fully & unequivocally imply its tru?4 ,infidels frequ5tly attempt to make sport ( ! figures ( sacr$ poetry su* z ! pill>s1 & w9d[s ( heav51 ! corn]s ( ! e>?1 ! f\r w9ds ( heav51 etc4 ,"o prom95t infidel writ] ass]ts t ,moses 0 s ignorant ( ! nature ( ! atmosph]e1 & ! orig9 ( ra9 t he taught t ! firmam5t 0 simply a braz5 hemisph]e or huge caldron plac$ 9 an inv]t$ position ov] ! e>?1 t a fre%-wat] ocean 0 outside ( ?is1 & t ! figurative t]m w9d[s ( heav5 meant trap-doors to let #afd ! wat]s desc5d 9 ! =m ( ra9 ^u ! inhabitants ( ! e>?4 ,if s1 ,moses did n put 8 tea*+s into practice2 = we f9d t he set up a braz5 hemisph]e 9 ! tab]nacle & plac$ its m\? upw>ds & put wat] on ! inside ( x4 ,su* are ! mis]able subt]fuges to :i* infidels w resort :5 9 want ( an argum5t4 ,!y seem to =get t a ?\s& ye>s be=e skeptics _h le>n$ to talk nons5se ab\t cry/al sph]es1 & trap-doors 9 ! bottom ( cele/ial oceans1 ! writ]s ( ! ,bible 7 record+ ^? conv]sations ( pi\s philosoph]s conc]n+ />s1 cl\ds & ra91 f :i* ,galileo d]iv$ ! fir/ h9ts ( ! causes ( b>ometrical ph5om5a4 ,! orig9 ( ra91 its proportion to ! am\nt ( evaporation1 & ! mode ( its di/ribution by cond5sation1 c\ld n be prop\nd$ by ,humboldt himself ) great] cle>ness ?an !y are describ$ by ,job1 ! anci5t philosoph] ( ! l& ( ,uz4 ,he make? small ! drops ( wat]3 !y p\r d[n ra9 accord+ to ! vapor !re(1 :i* ! cl\ds d draw & di/il ^u man abundantly 7,job xxxvi4 #bg74 ,! cause ( ?is r>efaction ( cold wat]1 is z mu* a my/]y to mod]n sci5tific associations z x 0 to ,job & ,elihu2 & ev5 7 all ! electrical t5sion ( vapors disclos$1 ! balanc+ ( ! cl\ds w\ld only be m cle>ly discov]$ to be1 z ! ,bible decl>es1 ! wond]ful works ( ,him1 :o is p]fect 9 k4 ,?ree ?\s& ye>s be=e ! !ory ( ! trade w9ds 0 #afe demon/rat$ by ,maury1 x 0 writt5 9 ! ,bible1 ,! w9d goe? t[>d ! s\?1 & turne? ab\t unto ! nor?1 &1 ,! w9d returne? aga9 accord+ to 8 circuits 7,eccl4 i1 #f74 ,?\s&s ( ye>s be=e ,newton1 ,galileo & ,cop]nicus 7 born1 ,isaiah 0 writ+ ab\t ! orbit ( ! e>? & ! e>?'s relative insignificance 7,isaiah xl1 #bb74 ,ev5 ! mod]n names ( "s ( ! con/ellations ( ! heav5s 7 kn[n to ! anci5ts4 ,can/ ?\ b9d ! sweet influ5ces ( ,pleiades1 or loose ! b&s ( ,orion8 7,job xxxviii1 #ca74 ,"o ( ! mo/ vaunt$ objections1 :i* infidels br+ aga9/ ! ,bible1 is t :i* repres5ts ,god z creat+ light be=e ! sun1 & ! sun1 moon & />s1 only two days be=e ! creation ( man4 ,!y seem to =get t ! t]m to create is n[h]e us$ 9 connection ) ! prep>+ ( ! e>? = ! habitation ( man4 ,by c>eful read+ x w be se5 at once t ! d>kness spok5 ( 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis _h ref]5ce to ?is planet only4 ,!re is n ! remote/ h9t1 9 any portion ( scripture1 t any o!r planet or /> 0 %r\d$ 9 gloom at t "t4 ,on ! contr>y1 we are mo/ di/9ctly in=m$ t ! wond]s :i* ,god 0 p]=m+ 9 ?is _w1 at t v "t1 7 di/9ctly visible amid ! *e]ful illum9ation ( o!r orbs4 ,:5 ! morn+ />s sang toge!r1 & all ! sons ( ,god %\t$ = joy1 z ?is e>? em]g$ f its primeval d>kness4 #aff ,true ! ,bible repres5ts t ?is e>? 0 illum9at$ at a "t :5 ! sun 0 n visible f its surface4 ,n[1 if any "o w presume to sc(f at ! ,bible = speak+ ( light )\t sun%9e--z infidels frequ5tly d--:at w he say ( ! light :i* exi/s 9 ! mid/ ( a ,london fog or on ! banks ( ,newf\ndl&8 ,to und]/&1 h[ !re may be day )\t sun%9e1 we ne$ only conceive ! :ole e>? envelop$ 9 vapors su* z ,humboldt describes a portion ( ,p]u4 ,a ?ick mi/ obscures ! firmam5t 9 ?is region = _m mon?s4 ,if by *ance ! sun's disc becomes visible dur+ ! day1 x appe>s devoid ( rays1 z if se5 ?r\gh color$ glasses4 ,accord+ to :at mod]n geology has taught u conc]n+ ! anci5t hi/ory ( our atmosph]e1 its primitive condition mu/ h be5 unfavorable to ! transmission ( light 7,humboldt's ,cosmos1 ,vol iii1 p4 #aci74 ,dr4 ,dana is evid5tly ( ! same op9ion4 ,9 speak+ ( ! =mation ( coal & ! peculi> vegetation :i* fl\ri%$ ^u ! e>? dur+ t p]iod1 ! rema9s ( :i* are f\nd imb$d$ 9 ! coal measures2 he says1 ,9 ! ,pacific ocean1 (f ! coa/ ( ,*ili1 !re is an isl& nam$ ,*iloe1 :]e x ra9s #cjj days 9 ! ye>1 & :]e ! light ( ! sun is %ut out by p]petual fogs4 ,on ?is isl&1 arboresc5t f]ns1 =m =e/s1 b5ea? :i* gr[ h]bace\s f]ns1 :i* rise ?ree feet & upw>ds above a m>%y soil1 & a mass ( plants fl\ri% !re1 #afg resembl+ 9 _! ma9 features ! plants f\nd 9 ! coal fields 7,manual ( ,geology1 #ahhj74 ,?us sci5ce corroborates ! ^w ( ,god4 ,ano!r favorite !ory ( ! unbeliev] is ! uni=mity ( nature4 ,:]e1 says he1 is ! promise ( ,*ri/'s com+ to judgm5t2 = s9ce ! fa!rs fell asleep1 all ?+s cont9ue z !y 7 s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! _w8 ,b on exam9ation a/ronomy dispels ! illusion1 exhibits ! c\rse ( nature z a succession ( cata/rophies1 displays ! conflagration ( o!r worlds1 & ! ext9ction ( o!r suns1 be=e our eyes1 & asks1 ,:y %\ld our sun diff] f o!r suns8 ,9 %ort !re is no p]man5ce 9 ! heav5s1 any m ?an on ! e>?2 b a p]petual *ange is ! de/9y ( suns & />s4 ,a few in/ances x may be well to transcribe3 ,on ! #aa? ( ,novemb]1 #aegb1 z ! illu/ri\s ,dani% a/ronom]1 ,ty*o ,brahe1 0 walk+ ?r\gh ! fields1 he 0 a/oni%$ to obs]ve a new /> 9 ! con/ellation ,cassiopea1 beam+ ) a radiance q unwont$ 9 t "p ( ! heav5s4 ,suspect+ "s delusion ab\t 8 eyes1 he w5t to a gr\p ( peasants to asc]ta9 if !y saw x1 & f\nd !m gaz+ at x ) z mu* a/oni%m5t z himself4 ,he w5t to 8 in/rum5t & fix$ its place1 f :i* x nev] aft] appe>$ to deviate4 ,= "s "t x increas$ 9 brightness--greatly surpass+ ,sirius 9 lu/]1 & ev5 ,jupit]--s t x c\ld be se5 by good eyes 9 ! day "t4 ,aft] rea*+ its greate/ brightness1 x aga9 dim9i%$1 #afh assum+ 9 succession ! hues ( a dy+ conflagration1 & !n f9ally disappe>$4 ,x is impossible to imag9e any?+ m trem5d\s ?an a conflagration t c\ld be visible at su* a di/ance 7,ni*oll's ,sol> ,sy/em1 page #aah74 ,sir ,john ,h]s*ell describes ! />1 ,eta ,argus1 :i*1 9 ! ye> #ahcg1 w5t ?r\gh simil> v>iations4 ,humboldt gives a catalogue ( tw5ty-f\r su* />s1 ^: v>iations h be5 record$1 & asks1 ,:y %\ld our sun diff] f o!r suns8 ,:at we no long] see is n necess>ily annihilat$4 ,x is m]ely ! transition ( matt] into new =ms--into comb9ations :i* are subject to new processes4 ,d>k cosmical bodies may1 by a new process ( light1 aga9 become lum9\s 7,cosmos ,vol4 ,,iii1 page #bcb74 ,ni*oll sums up ! matt] 9 ! foll[+ emphatic words3 ,no m is light inh]5t 9 ! sun ?an 9 ,ty*o's vani%$ />2 & ) x & o!r orbs a "t may come :5 ! sun %all cease to be requir$ to %9e4 ,! womb :i* conta9s ! future is t :i* bore ! pa/ 7,sol> ,sy/em1 page #aij74 ,! ?reat5+s ( ,god's ^w are inve/$ ) a mantle ( t]rible lit]ality by ! facts we h be5 contemplat+4 #afi ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,moses ,,& ,,mod]n ,,sci5ce4 ,,sci5ce ,,agrees ,,) ,,religion--,,nebul> ,,!ory--,,sun ,a ,,d>k ,,body--,,sun ,,spots--,,v>i\s ,,s\rces ,,( ,,light--,,primeval ,,ocean--,,d5sity ,,( ,,e>ly ,,atmosph]e--,,vegetation ,,( ,,coal ,,p]iod ,,ev]y:]e ,,id5tical--,,uni=mity ,,( ,,climate4 ,!re is a class ( aspirants to g5tility :o refuse to recognize any p]son n dress$ 9 ! /yle :i* !y suppose fa%ionable among ! high] classes4 ,a /ory is told ( a weal?y ,glasg[ brew]'s wife1 :o1 attir$ 9 all ! magnific5ce ( h] sat9s1 laces & jewelry1 0 driv+ out 9 h] c>riage "o day 9 ! vic9ity ( ,balmoral4 ,a quiet lady1 clad 9 a pla91 g+ham dress & gray %awl1 0 ga!r+ a b\quet ( wild fl[]s 9 ! h$ge1 & z ! c>riage pass$ by1 wi%$ ! occupant a pleasant good morn+1 to :i* ! brew]'s wife answ]$ by a contemptu\s nod1 b aft]w>ds le>n$ to h] great mortification1 t %e _h ?us lo/ an opportunity ( =m+ an acqua9tance ) ,que5 ,victoria4 ,s a l>ge class ( pret5d]s to sci5ce refuse to become acqua9t$ ) ,bible #agj tru?1 because x is n %r\d$ 9 ! te*nicalities ( sci5ce1 b displays itself 9 ! pla9 spee* ( ! common p to :om x 0 giv54 ,( late ye>s ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis has be5 assail$ by sci5ti/s 9 su* a mann] t ev5 "s pr(ess+ ,*ri/ians & o!r dev\t believ]s 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t h come to d\bt ! au!nticity ( t *apt]2 :ile ! ef=ts ( "s mod]n div9es to int]pret its say+s s z to con=m to ! decl>ations ( s-call$ sci5ce1 h 9 "s cases be5 pitiful to behold4 ,we d n claim t :at is call$ sci5ce is infallible4 ,true sci5ce is indisputable4 ,b mu* t is call$ sci5ce is only !ory4 ,9 ! writ+s ( le>n$ m51 conc]n+ ! =mation ( ! _w1 & geologic processes & p]iods1 !re is a l>ge mixture ( !ory & guess-"w along ) "s demon/rat$ facts & pr9ciples4 ,we believe1 h[ev]1 t !re is no real conflict betwe5 ! ,mosaic acc\nt ( ! creation & ! nebul> !ory1 :i* is ! mo/ widely accept$ among ! mo/ prom95t sci5ti/s4 ,! ,bible decl>es1 ,9 ! beg9n+ ,god creat$ ! heav5s & ! e>?4 ,sci5ce admits t !re 0 a ,great ,fir/ ,cause4 ,! _w-fam\s sci5ti/1 ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 says1 ,! univ]se _h its orig9 9 ! unkn[n s\rce ( ?+s4 ,! ,bible decl>es1 ,! e>? 0 )\t =m1 & void1 & d>kness 0 ^u ! face ( ! deep4 ,sci5ce tea*es u t matt] prim>ily exi/$ )\t any =m1 9 a highly #aga att5uat$ & invisible condition1 b conta9+ all ! elem5ts :i* n[ compose ! solid & fluid portions ( ! e>?1 & :ile x 0 9 ?is condition x 0 non-lum9\s4 ,be=e motion !re 0 no light4 ,! ,bible says ! ,_s ( ,god mov$ ^u ! face ( ! wat]s4 7,! orig9al ^w mayhim means lit]ally a fl[+1 non-solid1 fluid sub/ance47 ,sci5ti/s admit t motion z well z matt] dem&s a cause1 & t ! e>? 0 !n a fl[+ or movable sub/ance or fluid4 ,?us we see t ! description giv5 by ,moses ( t f>1 f> (f p]iod is n only correct b likewise has a dep? ( mean+ t is p]fectly sublime4 ,let u n[ turn to ano!r *apt] 9 nature's volume & comp>e x ) ! second ev5t m5tion$ by ,moses4 ,& ,god said4 ,let !re be light3 & !re 0 light4 ,sci5ti/s admit t ! fir/ visible effect ( motion 9 ! fluid mass 0 ! giv+ out ( light4 ,& "h x may n be out ( place to give a concise description ( ! nebul> !ory3 ,la ,place conceiv$ ! sun to be at "o p]iod ! nucleus ( a va/ nebula or />-cl\d1 ! matt] ( :i* ext5d$ beyond :at is n[ ! orbit ( ! remote/ planet ( ! sol> sy/em4 ,?is mass ( matt] 9 process ( cond5sation1 & probably by ! ag5cy ( electricity1 0 endu$ ) a circulat+ motion ar\nd its c5t] ( gravity4 ,! t5d5cy :i* all revolv+ bodies possess to fly (f f ! c5t]1 caus$ portions ( ?is nebula 9 process ( cond5sation1 #agb to deta* !mselves f ! p>5t mass1 & =m !mselves into conc5tric r+s1 :i* aft]w>ds1 by cond5sation & electrical action1 sep>at$ !mselves into di/9ct bodies4 ,^! masses1 :i* h5ce con/itut$ ! v>i\s planets1 9 _! turn cond5s+ aft] ! mann] ( ! p>5t mass & ab&on+ _! outly+ matt]1 became surr\nd$ by simil> conc5tric r+s1 :i* 9 turn =m$ satellites or moons surr\nd+ ! v>i\s planet>y masses4 ,9 pro( ( ?is1 ! case ( ! planet ,saturn has be5 cit$ to %[ t ! "w ( creation is /ill 9 progress4 ,z is well kn[n1 ?is planet is surr\nd$ by a revolv+ belt1 consi/+ ( sev]al di/9ct r+s /ill unbrok54 ,:ile infidels are sc(f+ at ! idea ( light )\t ! sun1 mod]n sci5ce has discov]$ ! a/oni%+ fact1 t ev5 at ?is mom5t ! globe ( ! sun is n a s\rce ( light to itself mu* less to u2 t1 9 fact light is no m connect$ ) ! sun ?an ) a c&le/ick4 ,! sun consi/s ma9ly ( a d>k nucleus1 l ! body ( ! e>? & o!r planet>y globes1 surr\nd$ by two atmosph]es ( enorm\s dep?s1 ! "o ne>e/ to him be+ cl\dy & d5se l our atmosph]e1 :ile ! l(ti] /ratum consi/s ( dazzl+ electric & phosphoresc5t zephyrs t1 be/[ light on s _m surr\nd+ sph]es4 ,?is phosphoresc5t atmosph]e1 or photosph]e1 z x is call$1 is by no means insep>ably atta*$ to ! surface ( ! nucleus or d>k body b5ea?4 ,nor is x 9 any degree /able1 b is subject to #agc ext5sive fluctuations & ! mo/ viol5t commotions1 be+ frequ5tly sway$ & :irl$ aside1 lay+ b>e ! surface ( ! d>k globe b5ea? = ?\s&s ( miles to ! obs]vation ( a/ronom]s1 & ev5 to ! nak$ eye4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sun ,,z ,,se5 ,,by ,,mr4 ,,proctor ,,septemb] #be,,?1 #ahgj4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,june1 #ahdc1 a spot 0 visible :i*1 accord+ to ! measurem5ts ( ,s*wabe1 ! a/ronom]1 _h a l5g? ( no less ?an #gd1haf miles4 ,on ,m>* #ae?1 #aheh1 obs]v]s ( ! great sol> eclipse _h an opportunity ( see+ a spot :i* _h a bread? ( #ajg1ebj miles4 ,b #agd ! mo/ rem>kable view ( ! sun 0 t exhibit$ ,septemb] #be?1 #ahgj4 ,"o ( ! op5+s 0 s va/ t x 0 calculat$ t eighte5 ( our worlds1 plac$ side by side1 w\ld h sc>cely fill$ ! *asm4 ,! late/ discov]ies 9 sci5ce t5d r to demon/rate t ! sun's light is b v fa9tly visible on 8 globe2 & t !re is no su* ?+ z sol> heat4 ,:at is popul>ly call$ s is only ! heat caus$ by ! friction ( ! waves ( light pass+ ?r\gh ! atmosph]e1 or /rik+ aga9/ ! e>?4 ,we approa* ! "q ( ! sun's inhabitability1 says ,sir ,david ,brew/]1 ) ! c]ta9 k t ! sun is n a r$ hot globe1 b t its nucleus is a solid1 opaque mass1 receiv+ v little light f its lum9\s atmosph]e4 ,= ought we "k ! d>k1 solid nucleus ( ! sun may h exi/$ = millions ( ye>s & giv5 out no light :atev]4 ,x is q possible t v>iations ( ! sun's light may h be5 caus$ ?r\gh electrical action4 ,! telescope has %[n u t ! fix$ />s are also lum9\s bodies simil> to our sun1 only v f> di/ant f u4 ,"s ( ^! h sudd5ly fla%$ into exi/5ce1 :]e none 7 previ\sly visible4 ,! appe>ance ( tw5ty-"o su* />s is on record4 ,o!rs h greatly increas$ 9 brightness2 &1 /ill fur!r1 _m famili> suns h ceas$ to %9e4 ,on a c>eful re-exam9ation ( ! heav5s1 _m />s are f\nd to be miss+4 7,h]s*el's ,outl9es1 ,sec4 #hcb47 #age ,! v>iation ( our supply ( light f ! sun is ! only explanation we h ( ! great alt]nations ( heat & cold :i* h be5 s ext5sive z1 at "o p]iod1 to h clo!d high nor!rn latitudes1 su* z ,gre5l& & ,sib]ia1 ) a m ?an tropical luxuriance ( vegetation1 &1 at ano!r "t1 to h buri$ va/ tracts ( ,europe & ,am]ica1 n[ enjoy+ a g5ial climate1 "u va/ glaci]s & m\nta9s ( ice4 ,aga91 light1 s f> f be+ solely d]iv$ f ! sun1 exi/s 91 & c be educ$ f almo/ any kn[n sub/ance4 ,! metallic bases ( mo/ e>?s & alkalies are capable ( emitt+ light 9 suitable electrical conditions1 & a brilliant flame c be produc$ by ! combu/ion ev5 ( wat]4 ,all ! metals c be made to fla% =? lightn+s "u suitable electric & magnetic excitem5ts2 & ! cry/als ( sev]al rocks give out light dur+ ! process ( cry/allization4 ,?\s&s ( miles ( ! e>?'s surface mu/ once h pres5t$ ! lurid gl[ ( a va/ furnace ( melt$ granite4 ,ev5 at a f> lat] p]iod ( its hi/ory1 x may h %one ) a lu/] little inf]ior to t ( ! sun2 = lime1 ( :i* unkn[n ?\s&s ( miles ( its /rata consi/1 :5 subject to a heat mu* less ?an t produc$ by contact ) melt$ granite or lava1 emits a brilliant1 :ite light ( su* int5sity t ! eye _c support its lu/]4 7,see ,turn]'s ,*emi/ry1 ,sec4 #afj47 ,z is well kn[n1 ! moon is a d>k1 opaque body1 !re=e ! copp] color ( ! moon1 #agf dur+ a total eclipse1 :5 ! d>k side ( ! e>? is turn$ t[>ds ! moon1 %[s u t ! e>?1 ev5 n[1 is a s\rce ( light4 ,t ,god c\ld comm& ! light to %9e out ( d>kness1 & conv]t ! v ocean into a magnific5t illum9ation1 ! foll[+ fact cle>ly proves3 ,capta9 ,bonnyca/le com+ up ! gulf ( ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 on ! #g? ( ,septemb]1 #ahbf1 0 r\s$ by ! mate ( ! vessel 9 great al>m f an unusual appe>ance4 ,x 0 a />light night1 :5 sudd5ly ! sky became ov]ca/ 9 ! direction ( ! highl& ( ,cornwallis ,c\nty1 & an in/antane\s & int5sely vivid light1 resembl+ ! aurora1 or nor!rn lights1 %ot out f ! hi!rto d>k & gloomy sea1 on ! lee b[1 :i* 0 s brilliant t x light$ e ?+ di/9ctly1 ev5 to ! ma/-head4 ,! light spread ov] ! sea betwe5 ! two %ores1 & ! waves1 :i* be=e _h be5 tranquil1 n[ began to be agitat$4 ,capta9 ,bonnyca/le describes ! sc5e z t ( a blaz+ %eet ( awful & mo/ brilliant light4 ,a long & vivid l9e ( light1 sup]ior 9 brightness to ! p>ts ( ! sea n imm$iately ne> ! vessel1 %[$ ! base ( ! high1 fr[n+ & d>k l& abrea/2 ! sky became l[]+ & m int5sely obscure4 ,long1 tortu\s l9es ( light %[$ imm5se numb]s ( l>ge fi% d>t+ ab\t z if 9 con/]nation4 ,! top-sail y>d & miz5 boom 7 light$ by ! gl>e1 z if gas-lights _h be5 burn+ directly bel[ !m2 & until j be=e daybreak1 at f\r o'clock1 ! #agg mo/ m9ute objects 7 di/9ctly visible4 7,connection ( ,physical ,sci5ces1 p4 #bhh47 ,9 ! f\r? & fif? v]ses ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ,g5esis we are told1 ,& ,god saw ! light1 t x 0 good3 & ,god divid$ ! light f ! d>kness4 ,& ,god call$ ! light day1 & ! d>kness ,he call$ night4 ,& ! ev5+ & morn+ 7 ! fir/ day4 ,9 spite ( all ! sne]s ( infidels1 ! c&id read] f9ds ! div9e record sublime 9 its simplicity4 ,! good effect ( light ^u our planet 0 imm$iately app>5t4 ,! e>? hav+ n[ become suffici5tly cond5s$ to ca/ a %ad[1 !re 01 ( c\rse1 "o side enjoy+ ! light ( ! sun :ile ! o!r 0 9 %ad[4 ,?us ! d>k body ( ! e>? 0 ! means by :i* ,god divid$ ! light f ! d>kness1 z at ! pres5t2 & ! fir/ rotation ( ! e>? ^u its axis caus+ ! %ad[ & ! light to be alt]nately on e "p ( ! e>?1 produc$ ! ev5+ & ! morn+ ( ! fir/ day4 ,h[ long ! fir/ day 01 we "k n4 ,f obs]vations ( ph5om5a go+ on 9 ! ,spiral ,nebula at ! pres5t "t1 x is reasonable to suppose t ! fir/ revolution ( ! e>? ^u its axis occupi$ a va/ epo* ( "t4 ,! next process 9 ! organization ( ! e>? 0 ! =m+ ( an atmosph]e3 ,& ,god said1 let !re be a firmam5t 7lit]ally1 expanse7 9 ! mid/ ( ! wat]s1 & let x divide ! wat]s f ! wat]s4 ,& ,god made ! firmam5t1 #agh & divid$ ! wat]s1 :i* are "u ! firmam5t3 & x 0 s4 7,g54 i1 #f-g74 ,n[ let u turn to ! book ( nature & see h[ sci5ce corroborates ^! facts4 ,geologi/s tell u t ! motion ( ! p>ticles ( matt] :i* =m ! e>?1 9 c\rse ( cond5sation became v hot2 = heat & motion are only diff]5t names = ! same ?+4 ,heat is easily conv]tible into motion1 z e "o kn[s :o has a /eam eng9e1 & motion c easily be *ang$ into heat1 z ev]ybody kn[s1 by friction1 t is by rubb+ two sub/ances toge!r4 ,m4 ,mang91 9 8 ,my/]ies ( ! ,ocean1 ?us graphically describes ! fir/ =mation ( ! univ]sal ocean3 ,z ! e>? cont9u$ to cool1 a "t arriv$ :5 its temp]ature became insuffici5t to ma9ta9 9 a /ate ( vapor ! va/ masses ( wat] :i* float$ 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,^! vapors w\ld pass into a liquid /ate1 & !n ! fir/ ra9 fell ^u ! e>?4 ,?is wat] w\ld 9 turn be quickly evaporat$ & aga9 asc5d into ! cold] regions ( space1 :]e x w\ld aga9 cond5se & fall ^u ! e>?4 ,?is might take place _m times2 b ea* "t mu* heat w\ld be )drawn f ! surface ( ! globe1 & at la/ ! wat]s w\ld settle d[n & =m a univ]sal ocean4 ,& ! ev5+ & ! morn+ 7 ! second day4 ,fur!r we are told3 ,& ,god said1 ,let ! wat]s "u ! heav5 be ga!r$ toge!r unto #agi "o place1 & let ! dry l& appe>3 & x 0 s4 ,& ,god call$ ! dry l& e>?2 & ! ga!r+ toge!r ( ! wat]s call$ ,he seas4 7,g54 i1 #i1aj74 ,m>k ! phrase1 unto "o place4 ,! oceans & seas are all connect$2 !y are only names = p>ts ( "o place or bas94 ,9 ! #ajd? ,psalm we are told t ,god cov]$ ! e>? ,) ! deep z ) a g>m5t2 ! wat]s /ood above ! m\nta9s4 ,conc]n+ ! e>ly condition ( ! e>?1 sci5ce decl>es1 t ! wat]s encas$ ! :ole globe1 & 7 above ! e>ly m\nta9s1 :i* 7 aft]w>ds =m$ by ! contortions caus$ by ! %r9k+ ( ! cru/ ( ! e>? z x cool$4 ,helmholtz has calculat$ t ! %r9k+ ( ! e>? "o t5-?\s&? ( its diamet] w\ld g5]ate an am\nt ( heat equal to t :i* ! e>? receives f ! sun dur+ two ?\s& ye>s4 ,f ?is fact we may easily p]ceive ! causes ( t int]nal heat :i*1 aft] ! lapse ( unkn[n ages1 /ill manife/s itself 9 geys]s1 e>?quakes & volcanoes4 ,"h1 also1 we may p]ceive t mighty =ce by :i* ! ,div9e *emi/ prep>$ ! mat]ials = ! e>?'s ultimate condition4 ,:5 ,god creat$ light4 ,he pron\nc$ x good2 :5 ,he divid$ ! dry l& f ! wat]s4 ,he pron\nc$ x good2 b :5 ,he creat$ ! firmam5t1 or expanse4 ,he did n decl>e x good4 ,:y8 ,possibly because1 until vegetation began1 x 0 load$ ) c>bonic acid & #ahj o!r poison\s gases1 & totally unfit to support animal life4 ,sci5ce tea*es u t ?is 0 ! p]iod :5 ^? /rata kn[n z ! prim>y rocks 7 =m$4 ,no rema9s ( animal life c be f\nd 9 !m4 ,x is a well-kn[n fact t mo/ sub/ances %r9k z !y cool4 ,?is is ! pr9ciple t holds ! tires ^u wagon :eels4 ,9 ! same mann] ! e>? also %rank1 9 proportion1 z x cool$4 ,z ! v>i\s p>ts might give out heat 9 an unequal mann]1 s irregul>ities w\ld appe> on its surface1 =m+ ! e>lie/ m\nta9 *a9s1 valleys1 r5ts & rav9es4 ,gradually z ^! e>ly m\nta9s & table-l&s rose above ! surface ( ! primeval ocean1 ! waves w\ld da% aga9/ !m & ! ra9s fall1 sl[ly we>+ away ! rocks & ?us =m+ ! e>lie/ soil on ! new-made _w4 ,cont9u+ our inve/igations1 let u turn to ano!r *apt] ( ! book ( nature & see h[ closely ! tea*+s ( sci5ce agree ) ! record giv5 by ,moses3 ,& ,god said1 ,let ! e>? br+ =? grass 7lit]ally1 spr\tage71 ! h]b yield+ se$1 & ! fruit tree yield+ fruit aft] 8 k9d1 ^: se$ is 9 itself1 ^u ! e>?2 & x 0 s4 7,g54 i1 #aa47 ,m>k ! ord]3 ,fir/1 ! spr\tage2 second1 se$-be>+ h]bs2 & ?irdly1 fruit-be>+ trees4 ,n[ :at does sci5ce say on ?is subject8 ,x tells u t ! exact geological p]iod1 :5 plants fir/ appe>$ ^u ! e>?1 _c be told2 = _! delicate /ructure 0 su* t _! e>lie/ =ms h be5 entirely de/roy$1 unless #aha !y are ^? :i* are /ill pres]v$ 9 ! /rata ( ! coal measures4 ,! e>lie/ =ms ( :i* we h any k 7 fl[]less plants1 :i* produc$ m9ute spores in/ead ( se$s4 ,among ^! may be class$ fungi1 mosses & f]ns4 ,?us we see h[ correctly ,moses has describ$ ! fir/ =m ( vegetable life by simply speak+ ( x z spr\tage1 )\t m5tion+ any se$4 ,,illu/rations3 ,,specim5s ,,( ,,e>ly ,,vegetation4 ,,f]ns4 ,,calamites4 #ahb ,,illu/ration3 ,,specim5 ,,( ,,b>k ,,f ,a ,,nova ,,scotia ,,coal ,,m9e4 ,) reg>d to ?is vegetation1 x w\ld imply ! exi/5ce ( sunlight1 ?\gh "s ( ! l[] ord]s w\ld require b little4 ,! atmosph]e 0 /ill d5se & load$ ) vapor4 ,! l[] ord]s ( fl[]less plants 7 succe$$ by tree-l f]ns1 "s ( :i* grew to ! enorm\s hight ( =ty or fifty feet4 ,! c>eful obs]v] w frequ5tly f9d traces ( ?is e>ly vegetation 9 ! lumps ( common coal4 ,sometimes ! gall]ies ( coal m9es are ov]hung ) beautiful proportions ( ext9ct vegetable =ms4 ,?us a wise ,provid5ce has pres]v$ ! rema9s ( primeval vegetation = p]haps millions ( ye>s1 to tell u ! /ory ( ^? anci5t =e/s1 & reveal to u ! v>i\s /eps ( creation4 ,! vegetation ( ! coal p]iod pres5ts a rem>kable "*1 be+ compos$ almo/ entirely ( #ahc ! highe/ class ( fl[]less plants1 along ) a few ( ! l[e/ class ( ^? t fl[]4 7,dawson's ,*a9 ( ,life1 p4 #if47 ,conc]n+ ! climatic condition ( ! e>? dur+ ! coal-=m+1 7c>bonif]\s7 p]iod1 z x is call$1 ! description giv5 by ,hugh ,mill]1 ! em95t geologi/1 may n be out ( place3 ,f ! circum/ance t no dew is deposit$ 9 our ,summ] ev5+s1 save "u a cle> sky1 x is n[ asc]ta9$ t ev5 a ?9 cov]+ ( cl\d--s]v+ z a robe to keep ! e>? w>m--prev5ts ! surface heat ( ! planet f radiat+ into ! space beyond4 ,& su* a cl\d1 ?ick & cont9u\s1 z mu/ h wrapp$ r\nd ! e>?1 z ) a mantle1 dur+ ! e>li] geologic p]iods1 w\ld h s]v$ to ret>d1 = _m ages1 ! radiation1 & consequ5tly ! r$uction1 ( t int]nal heat ( :i* x 0 itself a consequ5ce4 ,nor w\ld a planet1 cov]$ ov] = ages ) a ?ick scre5 ( vapor1 be a novelty yet 9 ! univ]se4 ,x is d\btful :e!r a/ronom]s h ev] yet look$ on ! face ( ,m]cury4 ,x is1 at lea/1 v g5]ally held t1 hi!rto1 only 8 cl\ds h be5 se54 ,ev5 ,jupit]1 ?\gh x is ?\ght 8 m\nta9s h be5 occasionally detect$ rais+ _! peaks ?r\gh op5+s 9 8 cl\dy atmosph]e1 is kn[n *iefly by ! d>k1 %ift+ b&s t1 fleck+ 8 surface 9 ! l9e ( 8 trade-w9ds1 belong n to 8 body1 b to 8 ?ick1 d>k cov]+4 ,nor1 yet fur!r1 w\ld a w>m1 /eam+ atmosph]e1 muffl$ 9 cl\ds1 h be5 #ahd unfavorable to a rank1 fl[]less vegetation l t ( ! coal measures4 ,!re are moi/1 mild1 cl\dy days ( ,spr+ & e>ly ,summ]1 t rejoice ! he>t ( ! f>m]1 = he kn[s h[ conducive !y are to ! "y gr[? on 8 fields4 ,! coal measure climate w\ld h consi/$ ( an unbrok5 s]ies ( ^!1 )1 mayhap1 a little m ( cl\d & moi/ure & a great deal m ( heat4 ,! e>? w\ld h be5 a va/ gre5h\se cov]$ ) smok$ glass1 & a vigor\s1 ?\gh1 p]haps1 a loosely-knit & fa9tly-color$1 vegetation w\ld h luxuriat$ "u its %ade4 ,t ! vegetable gr[? mu/ h be5 great we c easily imag9e :5 we consid] ! imm5se quantities ( coal ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,x is a rem>kable circum/ance t1 f ! equatorial regions up to ,melville ,isl& 9 ! ,arctic ,ocean1 :]e cont9ual fro/ n[ prevails2 & f ,spitzb]g5 to ! c5t] ( ,africa1 ! rema9s ( ! plants ( ! coal measures are id5tically ! same4 ,!re seems to h be5 !n only "o climate ov] ! :ole globe1 caus$1 no d\bt1 by ! int]nal heat ( ! e>?4 ,we %\ld n =get t ,moses puts ! elevat+ ( ! l& & ! production ( vegetation 9 ! same geological p]iod1 viz41 betwe5 ! second & ?ird day4 ,& ! ev5+ & ! morn+ 7 ! ?ird day4 7,g54 i1 #ac47 ,be=e ?is "t !re seems to h be5 no seasons2 b1 aft] t1 ,god appo9t$ ! sun1 moon & />s to give light ^u ! e>?1 & to be = signs1 & = seasons1 & = days & = ye>s4 ,t ! sun & />s _h be5 creat$ long be=e ?is1 we h no reason to d\bt4 ,we may1 !re=e1 correctly inf] t !y 7 !n1 = ! fir/ "t1 visible f ! surface ( ! e>?4 #ahe ,,transcrib]',s ,,note3 ,"h is an arti/'s r5dition ( a primordial =e/ #ahf ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,h>mony ,,( ,,g5esis ,,& ,,geology4 ,,developm5t ,,( ,,species--,,survival ,,( ,,! ,,fitte/--,,laws ,,( ,,v>iation--,,gradual ,,ext9ction ,,( ,,animals--,,aquatic ,,"* ,,( ,,e>lie/ ,,birds--,,indications ,,( ,,life ,,9 ,,*alk--,,primeval ,,mon/]s--,,huge ,,l& ,,animals--,,*ange ,,9 ,,! ,,climate ,,( ,,! ,,e>?--,,creation ,,( ,,man--,,no ,,int]m$iate ,,l9k4 ,philosoph]s lay x d[n z a rule1 t ! mat]ials = all revolutions1 :e!r political1 moral or social are prep>$ be=e-h&4 ,a revolution 9 ideas & modes ( ?\ght is by no means an exception to ?is rule4 ,! un?9k+ ?rong may gaze 9 wond] at ! spectacle af=d$ by ! sudd5 outbur/2 b ! ?\ghtful /ud5t w trace ! ord] ( ev5ts1 & ! =ces t h be5 long at "w prep>+ ! m9ds ( m5 = ! new ord] ( ?+s4 #ahg ,:5 9 ! latt] "p ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ,voltaire m>%al$ 8 argum5ts z a legion1 & hurl$ 8 burn+ invectives aga9/ ! corruptions ( false ,*ri/ianity1 humanity /ood agha/ at ! result1 = !y did n p]ceive t ! =ces :i* impell$ x _h long be5 prep>+4 ,:5 ! works ( ,voltaire & ,?omas ,pa9e appe>$1 society 0 9 su* a condition t _m accept$ _! tea*+s z a relief f exi/+ evils4 ,mu* m1 _m p]sons 7 ready to foll[ !m into all ! wild sophi/ries ( infidelity4 ,! hi/ory ( t "t1 has be5 to "s ext5t repeat$ 9 ! great sci5tific revolution s vigor\sly at "w 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,:5 ,hugh ,mill] wrote 8 ,te/imony ( ! ,rocks !re 7 ^? :o confid5tly expect$ t ?is "w w\ld ov]turn ! ,mosaic acc\nt ( ! creation2 & a wond]ful outcry 0 rais$ ab\t ! opposition betwe5 ! records ( ! rocks & ! ,bible4 ,aft] a "t x 0 f\nd t geology demon/rates ! exi/5ce1 wisdom & goodness ( an ,almighty ,creator ) irresi/ible evid5ce4 ,s :5 ,d>w91 ,huxley1 ,hook]1 ,sp5c] & o!rs reveal$ to ! _w1 a va/ am\nt ( k conc]n+ ! orig9 ( species & ! developm5t ( plants & animals1 !re 7 ^? :o w\ld h gladly f\nd an antagonism betwe5 ! facts ( sci5ce & ! records ( revelation4 ,b n[ x is admitt$ t x w\ld be equally wond]ful1 & w\ld z mu* require ! inf9ite p[]s ( #ahh ,deity1 to develop all ! v>i$ & m>vel\s =ms ( organic life f a s+le g]m z to call !m into exi/5ce by special acts ( creation4 ,9 reality we owe ^! philosoph]s a debt ( gratitude = hav+ /udi$ nature s c>efully & giv5 u s _m deeply int]e/+ & important facts4 ,x is evid5tly "p ( ! div9e plan t species %\ld develop f a l[] to a high] condition4 ,we see ?is 9 ! improvem5ts 9 ! bre$s ( our dome/ic animals1 z well z 9 ! wild animals t n[ live1 z comp>$ ) ! rema9s ( ! anci5t ,saurians t once roam$ ov] ! e>?4 ,! doctr9e ( ,natural ,selection or ,survival ( ! ,fitte/1 z ,huxley t]ms x1 is also a law ( nature4 ,we see ?is illu/rat$ at ! pres5t "t 9 ! hi/ory ( races ( m5 & species ( animals4 ,! weak] races ( m5 are gradually disappe>+ :ile ^? nations :o possess ! highe/ physical1 m5tal & moral *>act]i/ics are ext5d+ _! dom9ion ov] ! e>?4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( animals ?is is likewise app>5t4 ,! gigantic1 unwieldy ox1 ! ,urus ( ,caes>1 has be5 ext9ct s9ce ,roman times4 ,! ,auro*1 ano!r ox ^: bones are frequ5tly f\nd 9 ! same /rata ) ext9ct animals1 w\ld h be5 n[ entirely ext9ct b = ! imp]ial edict :i* pres]ves a few 9 ! =e/ ( ,li?uania4 ,! gigantic birds ,d9ornis & ,aptornis h b rec5tly pass$ away4 ,p]fect skeletons ( !m are /ill pres]v$ 9 ! museum ( ,*ri/*ur*1 ,new ,zeal&4 ,f #ahi ! measurem5t ( ^! skeletons !y are e/imat$ to h be5 ne>ly or q twelve feet high4 ,! ,dodo1 a heavy1 clumsy bird1 ( fifty p\nds' weight1 ) loose1 d[ny fea!rs1 & imp]fect w+s l a new-born *ick51 became ext9ct only ab\t #aej or #bjj ye>s ago4 ,! ,apt]yx ( ,au/ralia1 :i* ( all liv+ birds mo/ resembles "s ( ! ext9ct species1 /ill survives1 ready to disappe>4 ,! lion1 tig]1 bison 7or buffalo71 elephant1 rh9oc]os1 &1 9 fact1 all ! fi]c] & l>g] animals1 are ev5 n[ disappe>+ be=e ! advance ( civiliz$ man4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,skeleton ,,( ,a ,,man ,,& ,,t ,,( ,a ,,d9ornis ,,%[+ ,,comp>ative ,,size4 #aij ,! law ( v>iation1 z express$ by ,d>w91 is true ) c]ta9 limitations4 ,= example1 e p]son mu/ admit a va/ *ange 9 ! condition ( ! be/ bre$s ( our dome/ic sw9e1 f _! ance/ors1 ! wild bo>s ( m$ieval ,europe4 ,yet n[h]e c be f\nd a s+le in/ance ( transmutation ( species4 ,= example1 if we %\ld trace ! p$igree ( a horse backw>ds ?r\gh a ?\s& g5]ations we %\ld f9d t ! orig9al animal 0 also a horse1 ?\gh probably a v inf]ior animal4 ,( all ! liv+ animals & fossil rema9s ( ext9ct ones1 ?\gh ?\s&s ( specim5s h be5 discov]$1 yet ( l& animals & ! high] ord]s ( creation n a s+le in/ance ( transmutation c be f\nd4 ,9 all ?is we see a beautiful agreem5t ) ! div9e record1 ,& ,god said1 ,let ! e>? br+ =? ! liv+ creature aft] 8 k9d1 cattle1 & creep+ ?+1 & bea/ ( ! e>? aft] 8 k9d3 & x 0 s 7,g54 i1 #bd74 ,true1 we are told by ,huxley t ! embryos ( diff]5t animals closely resemble ea* o!r1 s t at an e>ly /age ( _! exi/5ce !y _c be di/+ui%$4 ,b :at ( ?is8 ,x only %[s ! unity ( design 9 ! works ( ! ,creator :i* is "o ( ! gr& *>act]i/ics #aia ( ! _w4 ,fur!r1 x tea*es u a lesson ( man's ignorance & imbecility4 ,) all ! aid ( sci5ce we are unable to p]ceive ^? m9ute arrangem5ts ( atoms :i* w on developm5t produce a tortoise or a f[l1 a dog or a man4 ,:o w presume to say t a ca/le 0 develop$ or evolv$ f a cottage because !y 7 built ( simil> mat]ials or because "s ( ! rooms 7 aft] ! same patt]n8 ,:y !n %\ld ! ,div9e ,ar*itect's "w be d\bt$ because ,he gives to ! g]ms ( diff]5t be+s ! p[] ( self-developm5t accord+ to a specifi$ patt]n1 :i* is to end 9 ! ultimate p]fection ( va/ly diff]5t organisms8 ,,illu/ration3 ,,bird-,,l ,,reptile ,,discov]$ ,,by ,,d>w94 ,b we are ask$1 is x n true t ! mo/ accurate & reliable geologi/s1 h discov]$ 9 ! rocky records ( =m] ages ! mo/ und5iable evid5ce t ! e>lie/ birds 7 ( a #aib /rangely reptilian "*1 & t _m ( ! reptiles ( t age 7 ( an extraord9>y bird-l "*8 ,t 9 "s cases x is difficult to det]m9e :i* pr$om9at$ to ! greate/ ext5t1 ! *>act]i/ics ( ! reptile1 ! bat or ! bird8 ,^! animals 7 evid5tly amphibi\s1 liv+ ei!r on l& or 9 ! sea4 ,"s specim5s /ill extant :i* 7 f\nd 9 ,mexico & ,s\? ,am]ica & :i* are id5tical )1 or closely resemble ! ext9ct species1 possess ! d\ble "* ( an aquatic & t]re/rial animal4 ,"s ( !m advance beyond ! developm5t common to ! class1 & f gill-brea!rs1 fitt$1 only to inhabit ! wat]1 become lung-brea!rs adapt$ to live on l&4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,reptilian ,,bird ,,by ,,huxley4 ,is x n also true t ! rema9s ( ! e>lie/ birds indicate !m to h be5 ( an aquatic "* simil> to ! cranes1 gulls & pelicans ( ! pres5t "t8 ,"s ( ^! 7 de/itute ( horn bills :i* birds ( ! pres5t age possess4 ,on ! o!r h& _! heads resembl$ ^? ( reptiles4 ,nei!r 7 _! w+s always #aic cov]$ ) fea!rs1 b 9 "s cases _! w+s resembl$ ^? ( ! bat1 & _! feet closely resembl$ ^? ( reptiles4 ,n[1 says ! skeptic1 is x n possible t reptiles & birds liv$ ^u ! e>? previ\s to ! creation ( bea/s8 ,&1 fur!r1 is x n possible t birds & reptiles may h be5 develop$ f ! same orig9al type1 :]eas ,moses decl>es t ,god made ! bea/ ( ! e>? aft] 8 k9d8 ,n s fa/1 my fri5d4 ,x is well kn[n t ^! decl>ations ( sci5ce are m]e speculations1 plausible inde$1 b n[h]e prov5 to be true4 ,grant+ all t ! infidel asks1 let u c>efully read ! sacr$ record & see if !re really is any contradiction3 ,& ,god said4 ,let ! wat]s br+ =? abundantly ! liv+ creature t ha? life1 & f[l t may fly above ! e>? 9 ! op5 firmam5t ( heav54 7,g54 i1 #bj74 ,_h ,moses writt51 ,& ,god n[ creat$ e liv+ ?+ t move? 9 ! wat]s1 !re might h be5 "s reason = infidel objections4 ,we %\ld !re=e especially notice t ,moses does n say t ?is 0 ! fir/ dawn ( animal life ^u our globe1 b simply t ! wat]s 7 n[ to br+ =? abundantly ! mov+ creature t ha? life1 & f[l1 etc4 ,9 all ?is !re is no inconsi/5cy betwe5 ! geological & ,biblical /atem5ts4 ,on ! o!r h& ! word+ ( ! text is su* z to lead ! /ud5t to believe t birds 7 ( aquatic orig91 t is1 liv$ on ! wat]4 #aid ,9 ! tw5ty-fir/ v]se we are told t ,god creat$ great :ales 7lit]ally sea-mon/]s7 & e liv+ creature t move?1 :i* ! wat]s br\ght =? abundantly1 aft] _! k9d & e w+$ f[l aft] 8 k9d4 ,& "h we also p]ceive t ! wat]s are aga9 repres5t$ to be z x 7 ! nurs+ "m ( bo? birds & ! l[] ord]s ( animal life4 ,m>k also t ! t]m creat$ is us$ only ?ree times 9 ! :ole ( ?is record2 fir/ 9 ref]5ce to ! creation ( ! e>?1 second 9 ref]5ce to sea-mon/]s1 & ?ird 9 ref]5ce to ! creation ( man4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,piece ,,( ,,*alk ,,highly ,,magnifi$4 #aie ,:ile revelation tea*es u t ! p]iod :5 ! wat]s 7 to br+ =? abundantly1 0 9 a succe$+ epo* to t 9 :i* vegetation comm5c$2 geology be>s te/imony t !re are few rema9s ( animal life till we come up to m rec5tly =m$ /rata1 ?an ! vegetable deposits ( ! coal measures4 ,x is only :5 we arrive at ! *alk measures t we f9d an abundance ( animal life4 ,rec5t inve/igations h %[n1 t *alk is mo/ly compos$ ( %ells 9 e /age ( *ange1 "s p]fect1 "s brok51 & /ill o!rs decay$ into an impalpable du/4 ,"s ( ^! %ells are s m9ute t x w\ld require #a1hjj plac$ side by side to measure a s+le in*4 ,p]haps no human intellect is able to =m a conception ( ?is pr(us5ess ( animal life4 ,well might ,moses say ! sea br\ght =? abundantly4 ,,illu/ration3 ,,rema9s ,,( ,,%ell ,,fi%4 ,x is at ?is epo* t we f9d ! fir/ rema9s ( %ell fi% :i* are s common 9 ! rocks ( e l&2 also ! rema9s ( innum]able t9y fi%1 s preval5t 9 c]ta9 sections ( our own l&4 ,aga91 geology tea*es u t birds made _! fir/ appe>ance dur+ ?is epo*4 ,no fragm5ts ( ! skeletons ( birds h yet be5 discov]$ 9 =mations old] ?an ! *alk4 #aif ,,illu/ration3 ,,rema9s ,,( ,,macr\ra--,,e>lie/ ,,bird ,,yet ,,f\nd4 ,fur!r x is only 9 /rata =m$ subsequ5tly to ! *alk t we f9d ! rema9s ( ^? mon/]s t made ! e>? to tremble b5ea? _! tread & la%$ to foam ! bill[s ( ! primeval ocean4 ,to ^? :o are unaccu/om$ to view fossil rema9s ! dim5sions ( "s ( ^! seem almo/ incr$ible4 ,j ?9k ( mon/]s #abj feet 9 l5g? ) tee? elev5 in*es 9 diamet] & eyes ^: sockets 7 m ?an eighte5 in*es across2 & we c easily p]ceive t ! /atem5t ( ,moses is v]ifi$1 ,& ,god creat$ great :ales 7lit]ally sea mon/]s74 ,( ?is epo*1 ,le ,conte says1 ,x 0 preem95tly an age ( reptiles4 ,!re are n[ on ! :ole face ( ! e>? only six l>ge reptiles ov] fifte5 feet long--two 9 ,india1 "o 9 ,africa1 ?ree 9 ,am]ica--& none ov] tw5ty-five feet long4 ,yet 9 ! /rata t correspond to ?is p]iod 9 ,great ,brita9 alone are f\nd ! skeletons ( at lea/ #aig five great ,d9osaurs f tw5ty to sixty feet long1 & 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! fullness ( reptilian life 0 ev5 great]2 =1 "o hundr$ & =ty-sev5 species ( reptiles h be5 f\nd1 mo/ ( !m ( gigantic size4 ,among ^! are fifty species ( ,mosasaurs1 sev5ty or eighty feet long1 also species ( crocodiles fifty feet long1 besides great numb]s ( gigantic turtles4 ,^! are "s ( ! rema9s t are /ill pres]v$4 ,b ! fossil animals ( any p]iod are only a remnant ( ! animals ( t p]iod4 ,t ! climate ( ! e>? 0 !n w>m & uni=m is suffici5tly atte/$4 ,all great reptiles are n[ f\nd only 9 tropical or subtropical regions2 b ! rema9s ( ^! mon/]s are scatt]$ 9 all latitudes f ,new ,zeal& to ,spitzb]g54 ,9 all ?is we see a wond]ful agreem5t betwe5 ! acc\nt giv5 by ,moses & ! records ( geology4 ,,illu/rations3 ,,too? ,,( ,,plesiosaurus1 ,,"o ,,twelf? ,,x',s ,,natural ,,size4 ,,rema9s ,,( ,,plesiosaurus ,,& ,,megolosaurus #aih ,( ! l& animals :i* !n inhabit$ ! e>?1 might be m5tion$ ! ,d9o!rium4 ,f ! rema9s ( x :i* /ill exi/ x mu/ h measur$ n less ?an sixte5 feet high & tw5ty-f\r feet long ) a head at lea/ ?ree feet 9 bread? & h5ce capable ( conta9+ a bra9 l>ge en\gh = ! mo/ exact+ phr5ologi/4 ,!n aga9 !re 0 ano!r huge animal call$ ! ,ma/odon4 ,we may get "s idea ( ! enorm\s size ( ! animal f ! fact t ! rema9s ( "s ( its gr9d+ tee?1 rec5tly f\nd 9 ,p5nsylvania1 weigh$ no less ?an sev5te5 p\nds4 ,!re exi/$ at t "t /ill ano!r huge animal ^: rema9s are f\nd 9 ,sib]ia1 ,sw$51 ,italy & ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,x is commonly call$ a ,mammo?1 #aii ?\gh on acc\nt ( its resemblance to exi/+ elephants1 naturali/s h nam$ x ,elephas ,primig5ius4 ,x 0 cov]$ ) ?ree k9ds ( hair3 fir/ /rong bri/les1 secondly1 s(t hair1 & ?irdly ) r$di% wool gr[+ among ! hair4 ,geologi/s agree t dur+ ! latt] "p ( ?is p]iod ! e>? began to assume conditions simil> to ^? :i* prevail at ! pres5t "t4 ,?is is indicat$ by ! abundance ( decidu\s plants 7t is plants t drop _! leaves ea* autumn71 :i* are to be f\nd 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,x is ?us evid5t t ! climate 0 becom+ cool]1 ! d5se atmosph]e :i* s long _h wrapp$ ! e>? z ) a mantle _h dissipat$2 ! c>bonic acid & o!r poison\s gases1 :i* 7 totally unfit to support animal life _h be5 absorb$ by ! rank vegetation ( ! coal p]iod4 ,geologi/s tell u t ?is 0 ! p]iod :5 ! ,wasat* & ,u9tah m\nta9s 7 =m$ & ! c5t] ( ! we/]n cont95t upheav$1 by :i* ! great int]ior sea :i* previ\sly divid$ ,am]ica into two cont95ts 0 aboli%$4 ,! *ange ( physical geography 0 enorm\s & ! *ange ( climate 0 d\btless correspond+ly great4 ,x 0 natural1 !re=e1 to expect1 ) ! op5+ ( ! next era1 a v great *ange bo? 9 plant & animal life4 ,s end$ ! fif? epo* ( creation1 = ,! ev5+ & ! morn+ 7 ! fif? day4 ,moses op5s ! record ( ! six? epo* by ! words1 ,& ,god said1 ,let ! e>? br+ #bjj =? ! liv+ creature1 aft] 8 k9d1 cattle1 & creep+ ?+1 & bea/ ( ! e>? aft] 8 k9d2 & x 0 s4 ,geology confirms ?is by decl>+1 z x 71 t !n h] mod]n hi/ory comm5c$4 ,!n began ! pres5t aspect ( field & =e/2 & mod]n types ( animals 7 introduc$ & became pr$om9ant4 ,_m ( ! species ( bo? plants & animals 7 id5tical ) ^? /ill liv+4 ,fur!r1 "o ( ! mo/ notewor?y facts connect$ ) ! fir/ mammals 7or milk-giv+ animals71 is ! sudd5ness ( _! appe>ance 9 great numb]s1 & ( all1 or ne>ly all ord]s1 ev5 ! highe/1 except man4 ,la/ly1 we are told1 ,& ,god said4 ,let u make man 9 our image1 aft] our lik5ess2 & let !m h dom9ion ov] ! fi% ( ! sea & ov] ! f[l ( ! air1 & ov] ! cattle & ov] all ! e>?1 & ov] e creep+ ?+ t creepe? ^u ! e>?4 7,g54 i1 #bf74 ,?us f scripture we le>n t ! clos+ & complet+ "w ( ! creation 0 man4 ,geology triumphantly confirms ! reveal$ fact t subm>9e animals1 l& vegetation1 reptiles1 birds & quadrup$s1 7 all ( !m 9 exi/5ce1 successively & collectively1 be=e ! fir/ ( ! human race4 ,fur!r1 t ! e>lie/ rema9s ( m51 yet discov]$1 indicate t !y 7 di/9ctly & p]fectly human1 z mu* s z any race n[ liv+1 & 7 n 9 any s5se an int]m$iate l9k betwe5 man & ! ape4 ,:5 8 habitation 0 prep>$1 & #bja ! mat]ials ( ! =e/ & ( ! m9e 7 all ready = 8 use1 !n1 & n till !n1 did man appe>4 ,?us ! record ( ,moses1 & ! record ( nature be> ea* o!r witness4 ,! same n>rative told by ! rul] ( ,israel f\r ?\s& ye>s ago1 is also told 9 its own expressive language by ! v e>? on :i* we tread1 z if x 7 grav5 ) an iron p5 & lead 9 ! rock =ev]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,sci5tific ,,pro(s ,,( ,,spiritual ,,life4 ,,te/imony ,,( ,,! ,,scriptures--,,doctr9e ,,( ,,! ,,sadducees--,,rem>k ,,( ,,napoleon--,,_s ,,controls ,,matt]--,,microscopic ,,atoms-- ,,protoplasm--,,ess5tial ,,conditions ,,( ,,life--,,infidel ,,!ories-- ,,wisdom ,,( ,,socrates--,,h]b]t ,,sp5c]',s ,,philosophy--,,faculties ,,( ,,! ,,m9d--,,consci\sness--,,p]ception--,,me mory--,,imag9ation-- ,,judgm5t--,,consci5ce--,,volition--,,ab ]crombie',s ,,record--,,talleyr&-- ,,milk ,,poison+4 ,! inspir$ records uni=mly tea* t man has a spiritual nature di/9ct f ! body1 ! union ( :i* ) ! body produces t :i*1 = want ( a bett] t]m1 we call our pres5t life4 ,! union ( "s ( ^! cele/ial spirits ) #bjb bodies ( e>?ly matt] =ms ! visible _w ( mank9d4 ,!y tea* u1 also1 t ! exi/5ce & consci\s faculties ( ! s\l cont9ue aft] ! dea? ( ! body4 ,dea? is ref]r$ to 9 ! scriptures z giv+ up ! gho/1 or _s2 & v _m passages ref] to ! condition ( disembodi$ spirits aft] dea?4 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ! creation ( ,adam1 we read t ,! ,"l ,god =m$ man ( ! du/ ( ! gr\nd1 & brea!d into 8 no/rils ! brea? ( life2 & man became a liv+ s\l1 ?us mak+ an evid5t di/9ction betwe5 ! body & ! s\l4 ,9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,old ,te/am5t we f9d ref]5ces to disembodi$ spirits1 & v>i\s enactm5ts 9 ! ,mosaic law aga9/ consult+ !m by means ( div9ation & necromancy4 ,! ,sadducees d5i$ ! sep>ate exi/5ce ( spirits2 b1 9 our ,savior's fam\s argum5t ) !m4 ,he %[$ t ! ,old ,te/am5t cle>ly taught ?is doctr9e :5 x repres5t$ ,god z say+1 ,i am ! ,god ( ,abraham1 & ! ,god ( ,isaac1 & ! ,god ( ,jacob1 add+1 ,he is n ! ,god ( ! dead1 b ! ,god ( ! liv+4 7,m>k xii1 #bf47 ,!reby tea*+ t ^! p]sons1 al?\gh _! bodies _h be5 long dead1 7 /ill liv+4 ,s1 likewise1 ,/4 ,paul speaks ( be+ abs5t f ! body1 yet pres5t ) ! ,"l4 ,/4 ,john decl>es t he saw ! s\ls ( ^? :o _h be5 sla9 = _! te/imony ( ,jesus4 7,rev4 vi1 #i47 ,9 exam9+ ! sci5tific evid5ce ( ^! scriptural views conc]n+ a spiritual exi/5ce1 x w be necess>y to inquire into ! orig9 ( #bjc life z exhibit$ 9 physiology4 ,?is is confess$ly a difficult "q1 yet "o ( great importance1 s9ce1 driv5 f ! sci5ces ( a/ronomy & geology1 infidelity has s\ght to entr5* itself 9 natural hi/ory z 9 a citadel4 ,yet1 ev5 "h1 ! gr\nd crumbles b5ea? its feet2 & ! "t is n f> di/ant :5 a man1 hav+ a sci5tific education1 w be a%am$ to av[ himself an infidel4 ,we h se5 t a/ronomy & geology be> te/imony to ! tru?s reveal$ 9 ! scriptures2 s1 likewise1 does ! sci5ce :i* treats ( ! functions ( liv+ be+s4 ,napoleon is said to h rem>k$ to ,dr4 ,antom>*i1 at ,/4 ,hel5a1 ,y physicians are unbeliev]s because y _c f9d ! s\l ) y\r dissect+ knife4 ,h[ev] applicable ?is might h be5 to physicians ( t day1 x w\ld fail ( application n[1 s9ce1 by means ( ! microscope1 man has be5 able to p5etrate /ill m deeply into ! recesses ( nature's my/]ies4 ,) ?is in/rum5t1 sci5ce has be5 able to detect ! beg9n+s ( liv+ /ructure1 & to trace ! fundam5tal laws ( ! process ( developm5t4 ,*emi/ry has also done its "p 9 inve/igat+ ?is ph5om5a4 ,f ^! s\rces we le>n ! mutual relation1 z well z individuality ( all organic ?+s4 ,f ! inorganic _w1 directly or indirectly1 ! bodies ( all liv+ ?+s orig9ate1 & to x1 naturally1 !y all return4 ,by "s p[]1 unse5 to mortal eyes1 matt] is arrang$ 9 new =ms2 & ^! =ms1 aft] us+ #bjd ! matt] ?us arrang$1 re/ore x aga9 to ! physical _w4 ,9 ?is mann] is kept up ! wond]ful circle ( organic life4 ,sci5ti/s1 ?\gh skeptically incl9$1 agree t !re mu/ h fir/ exi/$ an animat$ g]m1 ! product ( a previ\sly-exi/+ organism1 :i* draws 9 & appropriates ! inorganic elem5ts1 comb9es ^! elem5ts into organisms1 builds up an organiz$ fabric1 & disc>ds1 f9ally1 ! atoms & implem5ts :i* x c no long] use4 ,:at ?is organism is we _c fully expla91 s9ce x is evid5t t x is ( su* a ref9$ or sublimat$ nature z to elude ! grasp ( sci5ce 9 its pres5t /age ( developm5t4 ,by no means1 at our disposal1 are we capable ( rigidly exam9+ x by our bodily s5ses4 ,to illu/rate ?is subject1 & at ! same "t to %[ ! sup]iority & indep5d5ce ( ! vital pr9ciple1 z x is call$1 or organiz+ _s1 to ! crud] matt] x uses1 let u consid] ! hi/ory ( a s+le microscopic atom1 z x is us$ 9 ! s]vice ( life4 ,by "s means--und]/ood only by ! ,creator--x has become my/]i\sly end[$ ) life4 ,let u suppose its fir/ connection ) vitality to be 9 ! simple/ =m ( animat$ matt]--t ( ! protoplasm4 ,we f9d1 on exam9ation1 t ?is protoplasm possesses :at sci5ti/s call ! ess5tial conditions ( life1 namely s5sibility1 contractibility & assimilation4 ,we f9d t ?is atom ( liv+ jelly--= su* x really is--is end[$ ) ! p[] ( select+ nutrim5t #bje f ! inorganic matt] ar\nd x = ! support ( its own exi/5ce4 ,aft] a "t x =ms itself into a simple cell1 a bladd]-l =m inclos+ a fluid sub/ance1 & conta9+ a few mov+ granules4 ,aft] a "t1 ?is cell multiplies itself1 t is1 gives bir? to a numb] ( cells l itself4 ,^! are inclos$ 9 ! orig9al cell1 :i* at la/ bur/s & sets !m free4 ,all sci5ti/s agree t protoplasm is ! physical basis ( life4 ,n[ :5ce comes ?is wond]ful pr9ciple :i* end[s ! protoplasm ) ! ess5tial conditions ( life1 & presses into its s]vice ! atoms & ! laws ( ! mat]ial univ]se8 ,its effects are too palpable to all[ a d5ial ( its exi/5ce1 :ile its p[] ov] e>?ly matt] proves t x is di/9ct f x4 ,al?\gh too subtle to be analyz$ by ! philosoph]1 its exi/5ce is sugge/ive ( ! highe/ tru?s4 ,x speaks to u ( a spiritual _w--a _w to :i* ! visible _w is subs]vi5t1 & :i* is itself unaffect$ by ! _m *anges :i* take place ar\nd u4 ,among ! _m !ories :i* infidels h pr(\nd$1 "o ( ! mo/ common is t :i* decl>es t life is ! result ( organization4 ,?is argum5t1 l _m o!rs1 is only an old "o ) a mod]n dress4 ,we f9d 9 ,plato's ,pha$o1 t :5 ,simmias argu$ aga9/ ! immortality ( ! s\l1 ! wise & good ,socrates oppos$ him1 prov+ t ! s\l exi/$ be=e ! body1 z %[n by ! fact ( pre-exi/5t ideas4 ,= example1 ! idea ( goodness mu/ necess>ily exi/1 be=e we are able to =m an op9ion #bjf conc]n+ goodness4 ,infidels tell u t ! idea ( virtue is m]ely ! h>mony ( ! s\l2 b if ! s\l itself is only ! h>moni\s result ( organization1 !n virtue is simply ! h>mony ( a h>mony1 :i* is absurd4 ,socrates fur!r %[$ t p>ts ( ! s\l may be oppos$ to ea* o!r1 z desire & reason1 = example2 & ?is fact ov]?r[s ! idea ( h>mony4 ,?us ev5 a pagan philosoph] c\ld deal fatal bl[s aga9/ ! positivism ( 8 age z well z aga9/ ! pret5d$ wisdom ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,"s tell t no idea or feel+ c arise1 save z ! result ( "s physical =ce exp5d$ 9 produc+ x4 ,t because light1 heat1 electricity & motion are closely relat$1 !re=e !y are ! cause ( life4 ,z well might we say t ! art & skill obs]v$ 9 a beautiful build+ 7 ! (fspr+ ( ! h\se itself1 or t ! ar*itect 0 ! result ( a beautiful suite ( rooms4 ,9 o!r words1 ! relation ( cause & effect are completely rev]s$4 ,yet we are told t heat1 motion1 electricity & *emical aff9ity are ! causes ( m5tal & moral action4 ,?is pr9ciple is ev5 appli$ to ! progress ( civilization1 & ! /ati/ics ( crime2 & ,mr ,h]b]t ,sp5c] has made x ! f\ndation ( 8 new sy/em ( philosophy4 ,/ripp$ ( its p>ade & t9sel1 h[ev]1 ?is !ory is no?+ b ! old pan!ism reviv$4 ,x is ! desp]ate ef=t ( infidelity to press into its s]vice ! rese>*es ( mod]n physiology & anatomy1 z has =m]ly be5 tri$ ) #bjg a/ronomy & geology2 b ea* ( ^! sci5ces refuses an alliance ) skepticism1 & incontrov]tibly po9ts to a ,creator & a spiritual _w4 ,let ! hone/ skeptic inquire1 ,h[ d ^! !ories expla9 ! cause ( life8 ,d !y %[ u a s+le reason :y "s p>ts ( matt] become organiz$ & o!rs d n8 ,d !y make pla9 :y "o cell develops a vegetable & ano!r an animal1 no p]ceptible diff]5ce exi/+ betwe5 !m1 & ! circum/ances ( ea* be+ ! same except orig9at+ f diff]5t p>5tage8 ,c ^! philosoph]s tell u :at !y mean by physical =ce8 ,is x matt]2 or is x a creative p[]1 or en]gy add$ to matt]8 ,an answ] to ^! que/ions w\ld cut ! ,gordian knot4 ,:ile sci5ce /&s on ! v conf9es ( a spiritual _w1 & po9ts across ! b\nd>y1 :y %\ld we fe> to look 9 t direction1 or spurn ! guidance ( t fai? :i* w\ld lead u to high] tru?s4 ,x may n be out ( place to m5tion a few ( ! lead+ faculties ( ! m9d1 to %[ its indep5d5ce4 ,consci\sness1 t is1 ! k :i* ! m9d has ( its own op]ations4 ,p]ception1 or ! evid5ce we h ( ext]nal objects by our s5ses4 ,memory1 :i* implies a =m] consci\s exp]i5ce1 its ret5tion1 revival & recognition4 ,imag9ation is a t]m us$ to repres5t ! p[] :i* ! m9d has ( comb9+ ideas previ\sly receiv$4 ,9 its highe/ degree1 imag9ation rises to ! sph]e ( creative fancy1 or poetic p[]4 #bjh ,judgm5t is ! decision ( ! m9d1 ! result ( comp>+ two or m ideas4 ,consci5ce1 sometimes call$ ! moral s5se1 is t faculty by :i* we h ideas ( "r & wrong respect+ actions1 & correspond+ feel+s ( approbation or disapprobation4 ,x might1 also1 be claim$ ! fai? faculty4 ,x br+s u into relation ) ! spiritual _w & ! claims ( ,god & duty4 ,volition1 or *oice1 is ! dom9ion ex]cis$ by ! m9d ov] itself1 employ+ or )hold+ its faculties 9 any p>ticul> action4 ,^! are a few ( ! faculties :i* l9k ! m9d to ! body & likewise %[ its indep5d5ce4 ,?us f> we h only consid]$ ! orig9 ( life1 z confirmatory ( man's spiritual nature4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 o!r !mes :i* po9t z cle>ly to ! same tru?4 ,! functions ( ! n]v\s sy/em--s5sation & volunt>y motion--_c be expla9$ by any o!r !ory4 ,! n]ve-/ructure only implies a capability ( reception & transmission4 ,9 o!r words1 x is ! telegraph sy/em t conveys intellig5ce to1 & transmits ! wi%es ( ! immortal s\l4 ,x is true t ! active ex]tions ( ! p[] ( ! s\l require a correspond+ heal? 9 ! bodily organs1 s9ce ! mo/ accompli%$ artisan _c exhibit 8 full p[]s ) imp]fect tools & mat]ials2 yet1 z ! injury or de/ruction ( ! implem5t is no pro( ( ! dea? ( ! artisan1 s ! injury or de/ruction ( ! body de/roys n ! s\l4 ,!re is no con/ant relation betwe5 ! #bji integrity ( m9d & body4 ,! m9d is sometimes an agoniz+ suff]]1 :ile ! body is 9 p]fect heal?2 & only sl[ly1 & by degrees1 ! m9d br+s ! bodily organs into a sympa!tic /ate4 ,?\gh ! body _c long resi/ ! influ5ce ( m5tal disease2 yet ! m9d c effectually resi/ ! depress+ influ5ce ( bodily disease or bodily pa91 ev5 to ! p]iod ( _! sep>ation4 ,p>alysis has unn]v$ & un/rung ! :ole sy/em & yet ! m9d has rema9$ un9jur$4 ,su* 0 ! case ) ! great ,fr5* /atesman1 ,talleyr&1 :o1 ) a body l a liv+ tomb1 reta9$ 8 faculties unimpair$4 ,nor ne$ we m ?an allude to ! rejoic+ mom5t ( ! dy+ sa9t1 or ! triumphs ( ! m>tyr at ! /ake1 to %[ t ! m9d c cont9ue 9 calm s]5ity1 :ile ! body is endur+ ! mo/ excruciat+ torm5ts1 or los+ at once its vitality & p[]4 ,joy causes a brilliancy ( ! eyes4 ,melan*oly produces a directly opposite effect f joy4 ,! emotion ( ang] urges ! circulation ( ! blood to ! utmo/ vehem5ce1 sometimes produc+ tremors or spasmodic action ( ! muscles4 ,x acts also ^u ! secretions--! saliva1 milk & bile-- :i* (t5 become actually poison$4 ,! sickness & dea? ( _m *ildr5 are caus$ by tak+ ! milk ( an enrag$ "m4 ,! indep5d5t action ( ! m9d is also manife/ 9 ! ph5om5on ( sleep4 ,t p]sonality is n susp5d$1 is prov$ by volunt>y wak+ at a pr$et]m9$ h\r4 #baj ,dream+ is ano!r pro( ( m5tal activity & indep5d5ce4 ,!n ! m9d is )drawn f ! ord9>y influ5ces ( ! _w ar\nd1 & lives1 z x 71 9 a _w ( its own4 ,h5ce ! adaptability ( ! dream /ate to spiritual communication & inspiration1 z ref]r$ to s (t5 9 ! scriptures4 ,9 exam9+1 ?us1 a few p>ticul>s 9 :i* ! bodily organization is act$ ^u by its spiritual inhabitant1 we f9d abundant pro( ( ! indep5d5t nature ( ! s\l1 z taught 9 holy writ4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,fai? ,,& ,,infidelity ,,contra/$4 ,,fai? ,,& ,,sci5ce ,,h>moni\s--,,great ,,m51 ,,believ]s--,,! ,,safety ,,( ,,society ,,dem&s ,,religion--,,! ,,gospel ,,! ,,basis ,,( ,,true ,,civilization--,,:o ,,are ,,! ,,cr$ul\s--,,conclusion4 ,we repeat x3 !re is no antagonism betwe5 philosophy & fai?4 ,:atev] ! seem+ oppositions ( ! pres5t1 all 9 ! end w be p]fect h>mony4 ,! gospel n m]ely ov]:elms b compreh5ds all philosophy4 ,! /> ( sci5ce %9es v beautifully inde$ 9 its own sph]e2 b its light at be/ is a #baa borr[$ light1 & its beams gr[ pale & vani% be=e ! glori\s sun ( righte\sness4 ,(t5 z ! comp>ison has be5 made ! result has be5 uni=m--! sun out%9es ! />4 ,a/ronomy tri$ x4 ,:5 ! old ,ptolemaic sy/em 0 explod$ by ,cop]nicus1 ! vaunt$ wisdom ( m5 proclaim$ t ! ,bible also 0 explod$4 ,b ! ,/>-,mak] triumph$ ov] ! />-gaz]s4 ,! gospel may inde$ be lik5$ to a spl5did palace :i* ! ,great ,build] f\nd$ on a rock1 digg+ deep & bolt+ x to ! solid granite2 & false religion to a build+ ( fair appe>ance1 b f\nd$ ^u ! s&1 :i*1 :5 ! floods come & /orms beat1 falls into irretrievable ru94 ,false religion _c endure inve/igation2 b ! gospel1 ?\gh tri$ by ! sev]e/ te/s t sci5ce c devise1 only reveals m fully its beauty & solidity4 ,in/ead ( a/ronomy und]m9+ ! temple ( gospel tru?1 x has l$ ! greate/ ( a/ronom]s to unite ) ,h]s*el 9 ! exclamation1 ,! infidel a/ronom] is mad4 ,geology tri$ x4 ,%e came =? boa/+ h] discov]ies1 & decl>+ t %e _h be5 among ! rocks & deep d[n 9 ! caves ( ! e>?1 & t %e _h f\nd ! tea*+s ( ! ,bible contradict$ by ! /rata ( pre-,adamic ages1 & _h read its epitaph deeply *isel$ by ,nature h]self 9 ev]la/+ /one4 ,b n[ ! geologi/s admit t we h no rule = ! measurem5t ( geologic "t4 #bab ,! fact is1 we are n s f> out ( ! du/1 & *aos1 & b>b>ism ( antiquity z we _h suppos$4 ,geologically speak+1 ! v beg9n+s ( our race are /ill almo/ 9 sight4 ,! mo/ em95t geologi/s admit t ! total age ( our race is n ( necessity great] ?an indicat$ by ! ,mosaic hi/ory ( primeval times4 ,anatomy also tri$ x4 ,by all ! appliances ( mod]n sci5ce e bone1 muscle & tissue ( ! human body has be5 exam9$2 yet no "o has discov]$ ! secret spr+s ( action ( ! human s\l4 ,! p[] ( vision1 ! s\rce ( muscul> action1 ! f\nta9 ( life1 h all elud$ ! skill ( man4 ,^! my/]ies belong to ,him ^: go+s =? are f ev]la/+1 & ^: ways are pa/ f9d+ out4 ,man ) all 8 le>n+ & skill _c solve ! problem ( 8 own be+4 ,& s ) all o!r sci5ces4 ,_m a wild hurricane has sp5t its =ce on ?is tree ( life1 b has only caus$ x to /rike its roots deep]4 ,! day is ha/5+ :5 m5 ( sci5ce w be ! v fir/ to recognize ! au?ority ( ,god4 ,already x is l>gely s4 ,:at infidel names c be plac$ ov] aga9/ ,raphael1 ,reynolds1 ,rub5s1 ,trumbull1 ,we/ & ,cole z pa9t]s1 or :at aga9/ ,canova or ,?orwalds5 9 sculpture1 or ,*ri/oph] ,wr5 9 ar*itecture1 or ,mi*ael ,angelo 9 all ?ree8 ,9 poetry1 ,milton1 ,"y1 ,%akespe>e1 ,dryd51 ,pope1 ,montgom]y1 ,c[p]1 ,watts1 ,wesley1 ,scott1 ,beattie1 ,goldsmi?1 ,wordswor?1 ,t5nyson1 ,bryant1 ,longfell[1 ,:itti]1 ,hemans1 #bac ! ,c>eys & hundr$s ( o!rs :o 7 all believ]s 9 inspiration4 ,z if religion only 0 entitl$ to s+1 infidelity has nev] produc$ a ,h&el1 a ,haydn1 a ,moz>t1 a ,bee?ov5 or a ,spohr4 ,:]e c infidelity f9d su* a galaxy ( pe]less judges z ,grotius1 ,seld51 ,black/one1 ,hale1 ,mansfield1 ,wirt1 ,/ory1 ,k5t & ,frel+huys54 ,among physicians1 none c outrank ,h>vey1 ,syd5ham1 ,bo]have1 ,gregory1 ,goode1 ,coop] & ,ru%2 yet ^! all rev]5c$ ! "n ( ,god4 ,infidel philosophy c boa/ no names l ,bacon1 ,newton1 ,locke1 ,/ew>t1 ,davy1 ,h]s*el1 ,cuvi]1 ,:ately1 ,hamilton1 ,proctor1 ,w9*ell or ,le ,conte4 ,jesus 0 9 ,8 appropriate place :5 among ! doctors2 & ! wise m5 ( ! ea/ 7 nev] wis] ?an :5 !y br\ght _! royal gifts to ,him4 ,if ! ,be+ :o made man has n _h consid]ation en\gh = him to reveal to him ,8 w1 !n he is n ( ! slighte/ consequ5ce4 ,^! horrible w>s :i* dr[n nations 9 sorr[1 are ! m]e squabbles ( a cr[d ( insects too insignificant = ! div9e notice4 ,^! dreams ( moral purity1 ^! aspirations aft] a high] life1 ^! hopes ( immortality1 ^! out-rea*+s t[>d ! ev]la/+ ,fa!r1 ! assumption t we h a nature high] ?an ! horse we drive or ! dog we c>ess1 are all mis]able mi/akes4 ,if !re is no au?oritative revelation f ,god1 :at bett] are we ?an ! brute creation8 ,:5 we h set revelation aside & r5\nc$ our hope ( immortality & #bad ?r[n (f all our moral & religi\s obligations1 & rel9qui%$ ! lead]%ip ( ! ,savior1 :at %all we d = a re/ra9+ p[] to keep society toge!r at all8 ,if m5 %\ld be conv9c$ t !y are only animals1 & t ,god takes no notice ( !m1 ^: prop]ty w\ld be safe8 ,^: life w\ld be sacr$8 ,:o w\ld be secure f ! unre/ra9$ ravages ( e base passion t f9ds its home 9 ! human he>t8 ,:5 ,*ri/1 z a ,div9e ,be+1 or z a man div9ely commission$1 dies out ( ! popul> fai?1 :at !n8 ,:o %all com=t ! he>ts t m\rn8 ,:o %all assure u t virtue has a rew>d1 or t !re is any su* ?+ z virtue8 ,:o %all /imulate ! love ( bro!rhood1 & move m5 to works ( b5evol5ce8 ,:o !n w\ld /rive to raise ! _w out ( its bea/ly degradation8 ,no c&id obs]v] w d5y t :atev] ( good !re is 9 our civilization is ! product ( ! gospel4 ,! v gov]nm5t "u :i* we live 0 organiz$ & e/abli%$ by m5 :o 7 ! in/rum5ts ( ,god4 ,t :i* gives u protection by day & night--! dwell+s we live 91 ! clo!s we we>1 ! in/itutions ( m5tal1 social & moral culture--all ^! are ! direct results ( ! revelations ( ,god4 ,a fai? 9 ,god is ! v f\nta9 head ( ev]y?+ t is desirable 9 our civilization1 & ?is civilization is ! fl[] ( "t4 ,humanity has rea*$ its noble/ ?rift1 its highwat] m>k1 its l(tie/ flight ( excell5ce ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ?is fai?4 #bae ,& n[ we are told by infidels1 9 ! mo/ complac5t language t ! gospel is a my?1 & t ! ,old ,te/am5t1 :i* holds a relation to ! ,new ,te/am5t & all o!r div9e records z ! blade holds to ! e>1 ! bud to ! fl[]1 is a huge bat* ( absurdities ) no valid claim to our respectful fai?4 ,we are told 9 effect t out ( an +5i\s lie1 out ( a cunn+ delusion1 out ( a baseless my?1 out ( a sy/ematiz$ falsehood has sprung all t !re is 9 ?is life wor? liv+ =--! gr&e/ motive ( human progress 9 purity & p[]6 ,we are1 9 effect1 told t by means ( a /up5d\s *eat1 m5 are tra9$ to goodness1 purifi$ ( _! passions1 fill$ ) love to "o ano!r1 prompt$ to ! highe/ h]oism1 inspir$ to sacrifices ( life & =tune = ! public good1 & are built up into a civilization :i* is immeasurably sup]ior to all t human nature1 assi/$ m]ely by human reason & false religion1 ev] dream$ (6 ,we are1 9 effect1 told all ?is2 & we n[ ask reasonable m5 :at !y ?9k ( x4 ,:o are ! cr$ul\s m5--^? :o believe 9 a div9e p[] & p]sonage1 out ( ^: life has fl[n into humanity ^? pure pr9ciples & elevat+ & purify+ motives--or ^? :o believe t a lie has wr\ght ^? m>vels8 ,( all ! cr$ul\s idiots t ! age has produc$1 we "k ( none s pitiable z ^? :o1 9 ! full blaze ( su* a civilization z ours1 sob]ly talk ( ! gospel z a my? & its ,au?or z a *eat4 #baf ,,conclusion4 ,& n[1 de> read]1 if y h dilig5tly read ! prec$+ pages1 y c und]/& h[ c>efully ! v>i\s objections to our religion h be5 exam9$ & h[ ?or\ghly answ]$4 ,dur+ ! la/ tw5ty-five ye>s human intellect has made advances :i* h a/oni%$ ev5 /ud5ts ( sci5ce4 ,sci5tific positions :i* 7 deem$ impregnable a g5]ation ago1 h be5 swept away by a /orm ( new ideas2 & ! sun%9e ( exam9ation has melt$ _m an iceb]g ( prejudice1 & dissipat$ _m an intellectual fog4 ,true x is t 9 advance ( u are ,banks ( cl\d d>kly b\nd+ ! horizon1 & l(ti] ,alps ( ?\ght :i* rema9 to be scal$4 ,yet ,fai? p5etrates ! vail & sees ! glori\s l& ( promise--! inh]itance ( our race4 ,ev5 to ^? :o h n fai?1 ! victories ( ,god's tru? ov] ! vag>ies ( m5 is an e>ne/ ( future triumph4 ,:5 m5 %all und]/& :at is ! true gospel & :at is true sci5ce !n w come n conflict1 b ! peace ( mutual recognition & mutual und]/&+4 ,oh1 let u be calm1 & wait rev]5tly = ,god to v9dicate ,8 own ev]la/+ ,,tru?4 ,x breaks--x comes--! mi/y %ad[s fly2 ,a rosy radiance gleams ^u ! sky2 ,! m\nta9 tops reflect x calm & cle>1 ! pla9 is yet 9 %ade b day is ne>4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,! ,table ( ,cont5ts 0 n pres5t 9 ! orig9al edition1 b 0 add$ by ! transcrib] = ! ,,html edition1 & reproduc$ 9 ! text edition = consi/5cy4 ,_m cases ( ar*aic spell+ h be5 pres]v$4 ,h[ev]1 ! foll[+ h be5 judg$ to be errors 9 pr9t+1 & h be5 correct$ z indicat$3 ,on page #ac1 :]e ! orig9al reads n9ty1 ?is edition reads n9ety4 ,on page #db1 :]e ! orig9al reads de/ribution1 ?is edition reads di/ribution4 ,on page #ha1 :]e ! orig9al reads ,eygptian1 ?is edition reads ,egyptian4 ,on page #ajj1 :]e ! orig9al reads doe?1 ?is edition reads do?4 ,on page #aah1 :]e ! orig9al reads ,pasov]1 ?is edition reads ,passov]4 ,on page #abj1 :]e ! orig9al reads diciple1 ?is edition reads disciple4 ,on page #abj1 :]e ! orig9al reads ,messiaic1 ?is edition reads ,messianic4 ,on page #afj1 :]e ! orig9al reads evela/+1 ?is edition reads ev]la/+4 ,on page #afc1 :]e ! orig9al reads org9al1 ?is edition reads orig9al4 ,on page #afd1 :]e ! orig9al reads philosph]1 ?is edition reads philosoph]4 ,on page #agg1 "o ( a set ( duplicat$ words 7be be7 0 delet$4 ,on page #aih1 :]e ! orig9al reads enorn\s1 ?is edition reads enorm\s4 ,on page #baa1 :]e ! orig9al reads sp5did1 ?is edition reads spl5did4