,transcrib]'s ,note ,text emphasis display$ z ,italic ,text4 ,u4,s4 ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,agriculture ,,biological ,,survey--,,bullet9 ,no4 #bj ,c4 ,,h>t ,,m]riam1 ,*ief ,,coyotes ,,9 ,,_! ,,economic ,,relations ,,by ,,david ,e4 ,,lantz ,assi/ant1 ,biological ,survey ,illu/ration ,,wa%+ton ,,gov]nm5t ,,pr9t+ ,,(fice #aije ,,lett] ,,( ,,transmittal ,u4 ,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ,biological ,survey1 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 ,m>* #bc1 #aije4 ,sir3 ,i h ! honor to transmit h]e) = publication z ,bullet9 ,no4 #bj ( ! ,biological ,survey a report on ,coyotes 9 _! ,economic ,relations1 prep>$ by ,david ,e4 ,lantz1 assi/ant4 ,! subject is ( imm$iate importance to ! %eep indu/ry ( ! ,we/1 :]e ! wa/eful me?od ( %eep h]d+ prevails4 ,if 9 ! range c\ntry %eep c be f5c$ ) coyote-pro( f5c+ at mod]ate co/1 z seems probable1 h]d+ may be done away ) & ! su/a9+ capacity ( ! l&s !reby greatly increas$4 ,respectfully1 ,c4 ,h>t ,m]riam1 ,*ief1 ,biological ,survey1 ,hon4 ,james ,wilson1 ,secret>y ( ,agriculture4 ,,cont5ts4 ,page4 ,introduction #g ,abundance ( coyotes #h ,coyotes 9 ,kansas #i ,g5]al habits ( coyotes #aj ,food habits ( coyotes #aa ,b5eficial habits #ab ,injuri\s habits #ac ,game de/roy$ by coyotes #ad ,depr$ations on f>m animals #ad ,! coyote's relation to ! %eep indu/ry #af ,means ( de/ruction #ah ,poison+ #ah ,trapp+ #ai ,hunt+ #bj ,b\nties #bb ,protection aga9/ coyotes #bc ,inve/igations conc]n+ coyote-pro( f5c+ #bd ,,coyotes ,,9 ,,_! ,,economic ,,relations ,,introduction4 ,! small prairie wolves ( ! we/]n & s\?we/]n p>ts ( ,nor? ,am]ica are g5]ally kn[n by ! ,spani% "n 'coyote4' ,?is s]ves to di/+ui% !m f ! l>g] gray or dusky wolves t occur 9 _m portions ( ! same range4 ,int]m$iate 9 size betwe5 ! foxes & ! l>g] wolves1 yet v>y+ greatly 9 ?is respect ) ! diff]5t species1 ! coyotes are outw>dly *>act]iz$ by a %>p-po9t$ muzzle1 upright e>s1 & a mod]ately long1 bu%y tail4 ,! pelage is full1 especially 9 w9t]4 ,! usual color is a dirty gray1 ) m or less r$di% t+e ab\t ! head1 neck1 & legs1 & black hairs %[+ ab\t ! %\ld]s & on ! back4 ,! ext5t ( ! r$ & ! black v>ies mu* ) ! diff]5t species4 ,coyotes are g5]ally di/ribut$ f ! c5tral ,mississippi ,valley to ! ,pacific coa/ & f ,co/a ,rica on ! s\? to ! pla9s ( ! ,a?abasca on ! nor?4,a ,9 ?is ext5sive range ab\t a doz5 species h be5 ?us f> recogniz$4,b ,f\r ( ^! are re/rict$ to ,mexico & ,c5tral ,am]ica4 ,( ! eight =ms t occur 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 x may be rem>k$ t _! ranges & relations to ea* o!r h n be5 fully det]m9$4 ,mu* mat]ial is yet ne$$ be=e anyone c write ) exact k ( _! di/ribution4 ,footnote ,a3 ,edw>d ,a4 ,preble in=ms ! writ] t ! coyote has be5 captur$ at ,=t ,smi?1 nor!rn ,a?abasca 7#fj nor? latitude71 & on ,nelson ,riv] 9 nor!a/]n ,briti% ,columbia 7#ei nor? latitude74 ,footnote ,b3 ,! foll[+ is a li/ ( ! =ms3 #a4 ,canis latrans ,say4 ,type f ,c\ncil ,bluffs1 ,i[a4 #b4 ,c4 nebrac5sis ,m]riam4 ,type f ,john/[n4 ,nebraska4 #c4 ,c4 le/es ,m]riam4 ,type f ,toyabe ,m\nta9s4 ,nevada4 #d4 ,c4 fru/ror ,woodh\se4 ,type f ,=t ,gibson1 ,indian ,t]ritory4 #e4 ,c4 me>nsi ,m]riam4 ,type f ,quitobaquita1 ,arizona4 #f4 ,c4 e/or ,m]riam4 ,type f ,san ,juan ,riv]1 ,utah4 #g4 ,c4 cagottis ,,ii4 ,smi?4 ,type f ,rio ,frio1 ,mexico4 #h4 ,c4 o*ropus ,es*oltz4 ,san ,joaqu9 ,valley1 ,cali=nia4 #i4 ,c4 p59sul ,m]riam4 ,type f ,santa ,anita4 ,l[] ,cali=nia1 ,mexico4 #aj4 ,c4 microdon ,m]riam4 ,type f ,mi]4 ,tamaulipas4 ,mexico4 #aa4 ,c4 vigilis ,m]riam4 ,type f ,manzanillo4 ,colima1 ,mexico4 #ab4 ,c4 goldmani ,m]riam4 ,type f ,san ,vic5te4 ,*iapas1 ,mexico4 ,a gr\p 9 :i* !re is s mu* v>iation 9 size mu/ also pres5t consid]able div]sity ( habits4 ,! l>g] =ms1 l ,c4 latrans1 are1 ( c\rse1 ! m injuri\s to ! live-/ock int]e/s4 ,small] species1 l ,c4 e/or & microdon1 conf9e !mselves 9 _! food m to ! small] wild mammals & ?us d mu* less damage4 ,yet x is n ! int5tion 9 ?is prelim9>y bullet9 to consid] ! species sep>ately4 ,inde$1 no su* detail$ /udy ( _! habits has yet be5 made4 ,! pres5t pap] deals ) ! gr\p z a :ole1 & is conf9$ to a discussion ( ! economic relations ( coyotes 9 g5]al to our agricultural int]e/s4 ,9 ! matt] ( f5c+ to protect %eep & p\ltry aga9/ coyote depr$ations1 ! ,biological ,survey has made "s prelim9>y inve/igations1 & has =mulat$ plans = m ext5sive exp]im5ts 9 ! ne> future4 ,9 ! meantime x is hop$ t f>m]s & ran*m5 ?r\gh\t ! ,we/ :o h _h p]sonal exp]i5ce ( ! effici5cy ( v>i\s =ms ( f5ce z a protection aga9/ coyotes & o!r wild animals w write ! ,biological ,survey fully z to su* exp]i5ce4 ,,abundance ,,( ,,coyotes4 ,coyotes are abundant 9 mo/ p>ts ( _! range1 except ! extreme nor? & ! m ?ickly populat$ regions :]e wa/e l&s are sc>ce4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 on ! pla9s ( ! we/]n "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t !y come mo/ closely 9 contact ) ! advanc+ tide ( settlem5t4 ,! e/abli%m5t ( pione] homes ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry has always result$ 9 re/rict+ ! numb]s ( ! l>g] wolves1 :i* h gradually become ext9ct ov] l>ge areas 9 ! ea/]n & middle p>ts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :]e !y 7 =m]ly abundant4 ,n s ) ! coyote4 ,except 9 a few ?ickly settl$ regions1 x has ?riv$ ^u civilization & is practically z num]\s z x 0 be=e settlem5ts began4 ,inde$1 9 _m p>ts ( ! ,we/ coyotes are said to be increas+ 9 spite ( a con/ant w>f>e aga9/ !m4 ,! introduction ( dome/ic birds & mammals has provid$ ! coyotes ) an additional food supply always available & entirely preclud+ any dang] ( />vation4 ,!n1 too1 ! animals are f> too suspici\s to be easily de/roy$ by ! use ( traps or poisons4 ,old hunt]s ( ! ,pla9s h in=m$ ! writ] t :ile x 0 comp>atively easy to poison l>ge numb]s ( ! gray wolf1 ! coyote 0 n an easy victim & usually avoid$ bo? ! bait$ traps & ! poison$ buffalo c>casses4 ,! pla9s ea/ ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s & ! high] plateaus ( ! ,great ,bas9 we/ ( ! m\nta9s are especially adapt$ to ! wants ( ! coyote4 ,cultivat$ areas are f> ap>t3 /ock ranges are ext5sive2 tall grasses1 we$s1 cactuses1 & sagebru% af=d excell5t hid+ places2 rabbits1 prairie dogs1 gr\nd squirrels1 & o!r small animals are pl5tiful2 &1 :5 ^! natural res\rces ( ! c\ntry fail1 %eep & "y calves furni% abundant food4 ,9 ne>ly all ! ,we/]n ,/ates ! ef=ts ( ran*m5 to de/roy ! coyote h be5 supplem5t$ by laws au?oriz+ ! paym5t ( b\nties f public funds4 ,"s ( ^! laws h be5 9 op]ation = a score ( ye>s or ev5 m &1 except locally1 no dim9ution 9 ! g5]al numb]s ( ! animals has result$4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ,mexico :]e ! natives h = _m ye>s practic$ sy/ematic poison+1 ! coyote is becom+ r>e1 b 9 mo/ sections ( its range x is ei!r increas+ or no sub/antial decrease has be5 obs]v$4 ,,coyotes ,,9 ,,kansas4 ,! ,/ate ( ,kansas1 :]e settlem5ts are comp>atively old & :]e man's w>f>e aga9/ ! coyote has be5 long cont9u$1 af=ds an excell5t illu/ration ( ! animal's ability to ma9ta9 its numb]s "u seem+ly adv]se circum/ances4 ,mo/ ( ! c\nties ( ! ,/ate h = _m ye>s paid b\nties = kill+ coyotes1 & conditions h be5 rea*$ :]e !re is little fluctuation 9 ! total am\nt paid f ye> to ye>4 ,! returns ( ! animals kill$ = ! fiscal twelve mon?s f ,july #a1 #aijc1 to ,june #cj1 #aijd1 %[ t ne>ly #bj1jjj scalps 7 pres5t$ = b\nty 9 ! ,/ate4 ,! foll[+ is a table1 by c\nties1 ( ! numb] ( coyotes on :i* b\nties 7 paid dur+ ! ye> above specifi$4 ,( ! #aa miss+ c\nties1 #aj--;,*]okee4 ,coman*e4 ,f9ney4 ,grant1 ,haskell1 ,ke>ney1 ,morton1 ,sew>d1 ,/ev5s1 & ,wy&otte--paid no b\nties1 & #a1 ,doniphan1 made no report4 ,! b\nty 9 all cases is #a = ea* animal kill$4 ,numb] ( coyotes on :i* b\nties 7 paid 9 ,kansas f ,july #a1 #aijc1 to ,june #cj4 #aijd4 ,c\nty4 ,numb] ,c\nty4 ,numb] ,c\nty4 ,numb] ( coyotes4 ( coyotes4 ( coyotes4 ,all5 #gc ,h>p] #dd ,phillips #djj ,&]son #abi ,h>vey #ii ,pottawatomie #cbi ,at*ison #dh ,hodgeman #gd ,pratt #bdb ,b>b] #fcc ,jackson #hf ,rawl9s #bbc ,b>ton #aji ,jeff]son #id ,r5o #ahd ,b\rbon #aeg ,jewell #ajf ,republic #eb ,br[n #gj ,johnson #fb ,rice #ij ,butl] #ahf ,k+man #beg ,riley #bjf ,*ase #cdc ,ki[a #dgg ,rooks #bhj ,*autauqua #dea ,labette #acg ,ru% #add ,*ey5ne #ehe ,lane #afd ,russell #beh ,cl>k #dfj ,leav5wor? #ef ,sal9e #ahf ,clay #ajd ,l9coln #aje ,scott #aic ,cl\d #db ,l9n #age ,s$gwick #bbc ,c(fey #aei ,logan #cbi ,%awnee #fi ,c[ley #cbe ,lyon #aig ,%]idan #cjf ,craw=d #ea ,m>ion #aff ,%]man #bia ,decatur #bdj ,m>%all #cjd ,smi? #acc ,dick9son #ade ,mc,pherson #baj ,/af=d #adb ,d\glas #ii ,meade #bbd ,/anton #ahh ,edw>ds #bij ,miami #if ,sumn] #dja ,elk #bab ,mit*ell #ajj ,?omas #ahe ,ellis #bdh ,montgom]y #adh ,trego #dcj ,ellswor? #aic ,morris #agf ,wabaunsee #agj ,=d #ejj ,nemaha #eh ,wallace #bei ,frankl9 #aeb ,neo%o #ih ,wa%+ton #bjj ,ge>y #ajb ,ness #bgc ,wi*ita #cjg ,gove #cee ,norton #bbg ,wilson #baj ,graham #bic ,osage #agc ,woodson #aae ,greeley,c #aag ,osborne #bdh ,gre5wood #ccf ,ottawa #fa ,total #ai1aeb ,hamilton #bge ,pawnee #bcj ,footnote ,c3 six mon?s4 ,! exp]i5ce 9 ,kansas is n exceptional4 ,x may be duplicat$ 9 a doz5 o!r ,we/]n ,/ates & 9 "s ( ! ,briti% prov9ces4 ,x is probable t ! unit$ ef=ts ( ! p are keep+ ! coyotes 9 *eck1 & t1 7 ^! ef=ts relax$1 ! animals w\ld be f> m abundant2 b ! coyotes are /ill s m5ac+ to c]ta9 int]e/s t ! subject requires c>eful inve/igation to det]m9e :at m may be done to improve pres5t conditions4 ,,g5]al ,,habits ,,( ,,coyotes4 ,! v>i\s =ms ( ! coyote seem ea* to con=m to p>ticul> faunal areas4 ,!y inhabit all ! life zones1 f ! ,l[] ,boreal1 ?r\gh ! ,transition1 ! ,upp] & ,l[] ,sonoran1 & ! semi-arid p>ts ( ! ,tropical4 ,9 ! nor!rn "p ( its range ,c4 latrans has a migratory movem5t s\?w>d 9 w9t] & nor? w>d 9 ! spr+1 probably caus$ by ! limit$ food supply ( ! nor!rn wilds1 & v>y+ 9 degree ) ! sev]ity ( ! seasons4 ,a simil> movem5t ( o!r species 9 ! we/]n "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ! high] m\nta9 areas to ! valleys has be5 notic$4 ,9 summ] ! m\nta9 species range above timb] l9e4 ,! coyotes are not$ = _! peculi> prolong$ h[l+4 ,a s+le animal is capable ( a p]=mance :i* impresses ! un9=m$ he>] z ! conc]t ( a doz51 & :5 sev]al jo9 9 ! m$ley ! result+ noise is indescribable4 ,!y are sil5t dur+ ! day1 b may be he>d at any "t betwe5 sunset & sunrise4 ,coyotes bre$ b once a ye>4 ,! mat+ season is late 9 ,janu>y or e>ly 9 ,febru>y4 ,! p]iod ( ge/ation is probably t ( ! :ole g5us ,canis1 :i* is giv5 by ,ow5 z ab\t sixty-?ree days4 ,! "y are produc$ 9 d5s1 & numb] f f\r to eight or ev5 m4 ,! d5s are usually enl>g$ f ^? made by badg]s or small] animals & are (t5 among rocks or 9 wa%$-out places along banks ( /reams4 ,probably at times !y are made entirely by ! coyotes4 ,!y are r>ely f> bel[ ! surface1 b sometimes ( consid]able ext5t & ) two or m op5+s4 ,little attempt is made to provide ne/s = ! "y4 ,9 ! ,c5tral ,we/ ^! are born e>ly 9 ,april & usually may be he>d 9 ! d5s dur+ ,may4 ,9 ,june !y come out to play ar\nd ! m\?s ( ! burr[s1 :i* are f9ally des]t$ dur+ ,july4 ,by ,augu/ #a1 ! "y are left by ! p>5ts to %ift = !mselves4 ,9 ! e>li] descriptions1 ! prairie wolves 7 usually said to hunt 9 packs4 ,lewis & ,cl>k1 ,say4 ,ri*>dson1 & o!rs s report$1 b ! ,pr9ce ( ,wi$ met !m only s+ly4 ,x is probable t !y hunt 9 numb]s only :5 ! qu>ry is l>ge1 z 9 ! ease ( de] & antelope2 b z _m z ?ree h be5 kn[n to pursue a s+le jack rabbit4 ,,food ,,habits ,,( ,,coyotes4 ,! food ( coyotes has be5 a subject ( inve/igation by ! field naturali/s ( ! ,biological ,survey1 :5ev] opportunity (f]$4 ,a numb] ( /oma* exam9ations h be5 made 9 ! field3 b trapp$ animals are (t5 f\nd ) empty /oma*s4 ,9 ! case ( a numb] ( ! species no?+ def9ite is kn[n ( ! food4 ,! /oma*s exam9$ conta9$ ma9ly animal matt]1 b 9 two cases vegetable rema9s 7 f\nd4 ,"o exam9$ by ,v]non ,bailey conta9$ a quantity ( ripe cultivat$ plums3 & ,william ,lloyd f\nd a coyote t _h eat5 mesquite beans4 ,9 nor!rn ,arizona ,doctor ,m]riam saw a coyote eat+ a wat]melon1 & a correspond5t al ,russell1 ,kans41 says t !y sometimes cat ripe melons4 ,9 ,cali=nia !y cat pea*es1 apricots1 grapes1 & o!r fruits4 ,!y cat also junip] b]ries1 manzanita b]ries1 & ! fruit ( ! prickly pe> 7,opuntia74 ,only "o case ( insect-eat+ has be5 obs]v$ by ! ,biological ,survey4 ,! same animal t _h eat5 plums _h 9 its /oma* ! rema9s ( a l>ge cricket 7,/5opelmatus fasciatus74 ,coyotes fe$ gre$ily ^u all k9ds ( animal food4 ,?is ranges f ! l>g] ho($ mammals to ! smalle/ rod5ts1 & includes also birds1 reptiles1 fi%1 & cru/aceans4 ,?ree horn$ toads 7,phrynosoma7 7 f\nd 9 ! /oma* ( a specim5 kill$ ,june #c1 #ahih1 9 ,big ,smoky ,valley4 ,nevada1 by ,v]non ,bailey4 ,on ! l[ tropical coa/ ( ea/]n ,mexico & ,texas memb]s ( ! ,biological ,survey h (t5 se5 coyotes se>*+ ! bea* = crabs1 fi%1 & turtle eggs4 ,,b5eficial ,,habits4 ,among ! mammals includ$ 9 ! food ( ! coyotes are _m injuri\s species2 &1 s f> z _! food is conf9$ to ^!1 ! animals are decid$ly b5eficial to ! f>m+ int]e/s ( ! c\ntry4 ,! de/ruction ( rabbits1 bo? l>ge & small species1 is ( great advantage1 especially on ! pla9s & 9 ! cultivat$ valleys1 :]e _! depr$ations are ke5ly felt by ! settl]s4 ,! v>i\s species ( jack rabbit h (t5 be5 obs]v$ z includ$ 9 ! coyotes' f>e1 & ! small] rabbits are also habitually eat54 ,! coyotes usually cat* ! rabbits by ly+ 9 wait beh9d bu%es & bun*es ( grass ne> _! pa?s & p\nc+ ^u !m z !y pass4 ,sometimes !y h be5 kn[n to hunt jack rabbits 9 company4 ,:ile a s+le coyote w\ld n be able to run d[n a jack rabbit1 by hunt+ toge!r1 tak+ turns 9 ! drive1 & by tak+ advantage ( ! t5d5cy ( ! h>e to run 9 a circle1 !y are able to capture x4 ,eye witnesses to su* a p]=mance /ate t !y d n fight ov] ! division ( ! rabbit's c>cass1 b t all obta9 a %>e4 ,! con/ant w>f>e ( _m coyotes ^u ^! rod5ts has mu* to d 9 keep+ d[n ! numb]s2 & ! abundance ( rabbits 9 "s sections ( ! ,we/ has be5 l>gely attribut$ to a local decrease 9 ! numb] ( coyotes1 caus$ by an unusual activity aga9/ !m :i* _h be5 /imulat$ by high b\nties4 ,prairie dogs 7,cynomys ludovicianus & o!r species7 are also a /aple coyote food4 ,! coyote captures !m by hid+ beh9d clumps ( we$s or bun*es ( grass at "s di/ance f ! burr[s4 ,:5 ! unsuspect+ rod5t1 9 fe$+1 approa*es ne> en\gh1 a few leaps enable ! coyote to secure x4 ,! grass 9 a prairie dog 't[n' is usually cropp$ v %ort1 & all tall-gr[+ we$s are cut d[n4 ,sometimes a we$ is p]mitt$ to gr[ to maturity on ! cone-l m\nd sit ! m\? ( a burr[4 ,only ?ree species ( we$s h be5 se5 s gr[+ by ! writ]--! horse nettle 7,solanum ro/ratum71 ! ,mexican poppy 7,argemone71 & a ,euphorbia 7,euphorbia m>g9ata74 ,^! af=d %ade to ! animals1 b d n ob/ruct ! view4 ,all o!r we$s1 & ev5 cultivat$ crops1 are cut d[n to prev5t ! unse5 approa* ( an enemy4 ,:5 ! cultivat$ crop is "s rapid-gr[+ or d5se "o :i* !y c n cle> away1 !y ab&on ! l& r ?an /ay to be dev\r$4 ,b cle>+ ! prairie dog t[n ( we$s is n suffici5t to baffle ! coyote4 ,9 ! abs5ce ( hid+ places he takes to new me?ods ( hunt+4 ,j4 ,h4 ,gaut1 ( ! ,biological ,survey1 records 8 obs]vations 9 a prairie dog t[n 9 ,new ,mexico3 ,! coyote />t$ at "o end ( ! t[n & ran at lightn+ spe$ 9 a /raight l9e until he cut (f "o f its burr[4 ,:5 ! prairie dog saw t x c\ld n get to its hole1 x /opp$ & began to kick until ! coyote caught x & kill$ x 9 v mu* ! same way t a dog kills a rat4 ,besides rabbits & prairie dogs1 ! food ( ! coyote is kn[n to include ! foll[+ mammals3 ,rice rats 7,oryzomys71 kang>oo rats 7,dipodomys & ,p]odipus71 wood rats 7,neotoma71 gr\nd squirrels 7,ammosp]mophilus1 ,callosp]mophilus1 & ,sp]mophilus71 wood*ucks 7,m>mota71 voles 7,microtus71 pocket goph]s 7,?omomys71 *ipmunks 7,eutamias71 & pocket mice 7,p]ogna?us74 ,all ( ^! are m or less h>mful1 & ! coyote p]=ms an important s]vice 9 prey+ ^u !m4 ,! s]vice is n an occasional or a spasmodic "o1 b la/s ?r\gh\t ! ye> & ?r\gh\t ! life ( ! coyote4 ,:5 ! numb] ( animals tak+ "p 9 ! "w is consid]$1 ! enorm\s importance ( its be>+ 9 ma9ta9+ ! 'balance ( nature' becomes app>5t4 ,! coyote is useful also z a scav5g]4 ,9 ! prairie c\ntry1 especially 9 w9t]1 x comes into t[ns at night se>*+ = g>bage ?r[n into ! alleys4 ,"h x f9ds remnants ( meat f ! table1 (fal f game1 & simil> prizes4 ,:5 hungry x w reject no animal food1 n ev5 c>rion4 ,! slaught]h\ses ne> ! t[ns are favorite fe$+ places1 & ! animals are (t5 %ot !re by moonlight4 ,on ! ranges !y soon consume dead horses & cattle4 ,leav+ ! bones clean4 ,,injuri\s ,,habits4 ,coyotes h be5 kn[n to capture "s ( ! wild animals t assi/ man 9 8 w>f>e' aga9/ insects & rod5t pe/s4 ,among !m are ! weasels4 ,9 ,augu/1 #aijc1 a memb] ( ! ,biological ,survey met a coyote c>ry+ a weasel 9 ! ,pecos ,riv] ,m\nta9s ( ,new ,mexico at an altitude ( #aa1fjj feet4 ,! coyote1 fright5$1 dropp$ its prey & ran (f4 ,! v>i\s k9ds ( skunks also are probably captur$ & eat54 ,,game ,,de/roy$ ,,by ,,coyotes4 ,coyotes de/roy consid]able game4 ,birds t roo/ & ne/ on ! gr\nd are frequ5t victims4 ,quail1 gr\se1 & wild ducks are caught on ! ne/1 & bo? birds & eggs are eat54 ,wild ducks & geese1 :5 w\nd$ & unable to fly1 may be f\nd along ! banks ( /reams & ponds1 & ! coyotes regul>ly patrol ! %ores 9 se>* ( !m4 ,9 ,oklahoma ,i f\nd fre% coyote tracks ea* morn+ on ! grassy bord]s ( a l>ge artificial pond4 ,ducks resort$ !re 9 consid]able flocks1 & ,i sev]al times f\nd t !y _h be5 eat5 by coyotes1 z evid5c$ by tracks ( ! animals & fea!rs ( ! birds4 ,l ! l>g] wolves1 ! prairie wolf kills de] & antelope4 ,9 hunt+ ^! !y always g 9 packs ( two or m & take turns 9 ! *ase4 ,!y "k t _! prey runs 9 l>ge circles1 & at int]vals individuals drop out ( ! pursuit &1 cross+ a *ord ( ! circle1 lie 9 wait until ! qu>ry passes ne> !m aga94 ,9 ?is way ! wolves keep fre% until ! pursu$ animal is exhau/$1 b all ( !m are '9 at ! dea?4' ,! pres5t sc>city ( ^! l>ge game animals gives few opportunities = su* *ases1 b on ! pla9s !y 7 =m]ly ( frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,,depr$ations ,,on ,,f>m ,,animals4 ,! coyote is widely & unfavorably kn[n z a de/roy] ( dome/ic animals4 ,its depr$ations ^u ^! indicate a m>k$ *ange ( habit s9ce ! fir/ settlem5t ( ! ,we/4 ,previ\sly its food 0 re/rict$ to ! wild animals1 includ+ "y buffalo1 antelope1 & de]4 ,! de/ruction ( ! l>g] game by man may p>tly acc\nt = ! *ange to f>m animals z a diet1 b x is probable t ! quality ( ! introduc$ food _h mu* to d ) ! coyote's pref]5ce = x4 ,! coyote kills h5s1 ducks1 geese1 & turkeys4 ,its usual me?od ( captur+ !m 9 daytime is to lurk beh9d we$s or bu%es until ! f[ls come )9 rea*4 ,turkeys1 :i* range f> afield 9 se>* ( gras%opp]s & o!r insects1 are frequ5t victims4 ,at night ! coyote captures p\ltry f ! roo/1 provid$ ! door ( ! h5h\se is left op54 ,a correspond5t ( ! ,biological ,survey wrote f ,rexburg1 ,idaho1 t "o neighbor _h lo/ #fj *ick5s & ano!r #cj 9 "o night1 tak5 by coyotes4 ,ano!r correspond5t1 9 ,may]1 ,ariz41 writes3 ,h lo/ ab\t #ajj *ick5s by coyotes4 ,) ! exception ( kill+ *ick5s1 ,i believe !m to be b5eficial 9 keep+ d[n ! rabbit pe/4 ,9 approa*+ ran* build+s ei!r by day or by night ! coyote conies f ! leew>d side & ) great caution4 ,once satisfi$ t no dang] lurks 9 ! %ad[s1 x becomes exce$+ly hold4 ,george ,a4 ,coleman1 =m]ly a memb] ( ! ,biological ,survey1 wrote f ,london1 ,nemaha ,c\nty1 ,nebr43 ,depr$ations by wolves "h ^u h5roo/s & pigp5s are ( frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,i h obs]v$ !m sev]al times4 ,!y come ) a da% into ! y>d1 take a *ick5 by ! neck1 & are gone be=e anyone c /op !m4 ,9 ! same way !y visit ! pigp5s & take ! "y pigs away f ! "m4 ,9 "o in/ance !y made way ) eight #f-weeks-old pigs 9 "o night4 ,at ano!r "t two ( !m attack$ a pig :i* w\ld h weigh$ #ge p\nds1 & _h !y n be5 /opp$ by dog's w\ld probably h kill$ x4 ,few ( ! mammals ( ! f>m are exempt f coyote raids4 ,ev5 h\se cats1 roam+ f> f home 9 se>* ( rod5ts or birds1 become victims4 ,a correspond5t ( ,=e/ & ,/ream1 writ+ f ,%irley ,bas91 ,wyo41 ,octob] #g1 #ahif1 says3 ,i live on a ran*1 & we are some:at tr\bl$ by field mice & m\nta9 rats1 & s we mu/ keep cats4 ,we h !m1 b we d n keep !m long1 because !y are caught by coyotes4 ,)9 a few mon?s ,i h lo/ f\r cats 9 ?is way4 ,! coyote has be5 kn[n to kill ! "y ( mo/ f>m animals--colts1 calves1 pigs1 lambs1 & goats4 ,colts are seldom kill$1 because ! dam c usually protect !m4 ,calves are tak5 only :5 ! "m c[ is fe$+ at a di/ance or has gone = wat]4 ,! coyotes lie wat*+ 9 ! grass until ?is opportunity comes4 ,sometimes old] animals are kill$4 ,ran*m5 9 ,oklahoma told ! writ] t 9 w9t] ye>l+ cattle 9 good condition are sometimes kill$ by coyotes4 ,to accompli% ?is two or m ( !m mu/ hunt toge!r1 & get ! victim sep>at$ f ! h]d4 ,capt4 ,p4 ,m4 ,?orne1 writ+ to ! ,biological ,survey f ,=t ,lyon1 ,colo44 ,janu>y #d1 #ahhg1 says3 ,old cattlem5 :o h liv$ "h ne>ly all _! lives agree 9 say+ t ! coyotes kill cattle1 ev5 full-gr[n ones4 ,!y say t !y h se5 !m at _! "w1 :i* is done 9 packs2 !y surr\nd an animal & keep up a con/ant nipp+ at its legs until x falls f weakness & loss ( blood4 ,9 ,july4 #ahic1 at ,f>m+ton1 ,utah1 ,v]non ,bailey saw two coyotes *as+ calves & ye>l+s ab\t a pa/ure1 evid5tly try+ to sep>ate "o f ! lot4 ,he notes t 9 ,june4 #ahhi1 at ,/4 ,?omas1 ,nev41 coyotes kill$ a hog t weigh$ ab\t #ajj p\nds4 ,,! ,,coyote',s ,,relation ,,to ,,! ,,%eep ,,indu/ry4 ,! coyote is especially notori\s z an enemy ( ! %eep indu/ry4 ,9 _m p>ts ( ! ,we/ %eep rais+ has greatly langui%$ because ( ! depr$ations ( wild animals ^u ! flocks4 ,:ile "s ( ! injury is caus$ by ! l>g] wolves1 m\nta9 lions1 be>s1 & lynxes1 ! coyotes are by f> ! mo/ =midable enemy4 ,!y are n only m abundant ?an ! o!r animals m5tion$1 b !y are pres5t ?r\gh\t ! ye>1 & _! depr$ations are a /eady dra9 ^u ! res\rces ( ! flock own]1 comp>able 9 ext5t to ! losses caus$ by wor?less dogs 9 _m p>ts ( ! c\ntry4,d ,footnote ,d3 ,9 #ahja ! loss f dogs 0 plac$ at #aeb1jcd 9 ,ohio & #bjj1jjj 9 ,miss\ri4 7,%eep ,indu/ry 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,u4 ,s4 ,dept ( ,agric1 #ahib47 ,dr4 ,e4 ,a4 ,c4 ,fo/]1 writ+ f ,russell1 ,kans41 9 #ahhg1 said3 ,( mammals1 ! prairie wolf is p]haps ! mo/ tr\blesome4 ,x is con/antly prey+ ^u %eep & lambs2 s mu* s t %eep c n be left alone )\t "s ( !m fall+ a prey to ?is animal4 ,%\ld ! h]d] be abs5t or out ( view1 ! wolf makes a da% into ! flock & usually secures a lamb4 ,william ,lloyd1 writ+ f ,pa9t ,rock1 ,con*o ,c\nty1 ,tex41 said3 ,9 ,janu>y4 #ahhf1 coyotes kill$ ov] #cj %eep ne> ,=t ,/ockton1 & 9 ,m>* ab\t #bj at ,toyah1 ,tex4 ,*>les ,w4 ,ri*mond1 9 #ahhh1 wrote to ! ,survey f ,gallat9 ,c\nty4 ,mont41 relat+ ! foll[+ incid5t3 ,:ile we 7 camp$ ne> ,bozeman a flock ( "s #d1jjj %eep 7 driv5 by1 & night ov]took !m on "s foo?ills s\? ( ,bozeman4 ,dur+ ! night a flock ( coyotes ent]$ ! ranks & ! %eep /amp$$4 ,_m ran ov] "s bluffs1 & next morn+ %eep1 dead & dy+1 7 sev]al feet deep at ! foot ( ! bluffs4 ,ne>ly #ejj 7 c\nt$ 9 ! pile1 & = sev]al days aft]w>ds %eep1 ) lac]at$ e>s & torn flanks1 w&]$ into b>ny>ds 9 ! vic9ity4 ,! total numb] lo/ mu/ h be5 heavy4 ,9 p>ts ( ! ,s\?we/ %eep gr[]s h e/imat$ _! losses f wild animals z equal to #bj p]c5t ( ! flock4 ,! av]age loss report$ f sev]al ,/ates is #e p]c5t4 ,9 ne>ly all ! ,/ates we/ ( ! ,mississippi ! indu/ry has decl9$ 9 ! pa/ two ye>s1 & "o ( ! pr9cipal causes giv5 is losses f coyotes4 ,at pres5t ! indu/ry ?rives only 9 sections :]e ! local conditions p]mit ! h]d+ ( %eep 9 l>ge flocks--a sy/em highly injuri\s to ! pa/urage4 ,x is evid5t t ! weal? ( any ,/ate c\ld be mat]ially increas$ if x 7 possible ev]y:]e to keep small flocks ( %eep1 ,flocks increase rapidly "u favorable conditions & good managem5t1 & ! co/ ( keep+ !m is small :5 h]d]s c be disp5s$ )4 ,! d\ble product1 wool & million1 usually places ! pr(it ( h&l+ !m above t ( cuttle or horses4 ,! ga9s also come (t5]1 s9ce %eep mature 9 a ye>1 :ile cattle & horse require ?ree4 ,v]non ,bailey1 *ief field naturali/ ( ! ,biological ,survey1 writ+ f ,segu91 ,tex41 "u date ( ,novemb] #h1 #aijd1 says3 ,no %eep are kept 9 t9s "p ( ,texas1 & 9 talk+ ) sev]al intellig5t f>m]s ,i f9d t ! reason inv>iably giv5 is ! abundance ( coyotes4 ,! region is occupi$ by small f>ms1 ma9ly #hj to #ejj acres1 on :i* cotton1 corn1 sorghum1 & vegetables are ! pr9cipal crops4 ,!re are few if any l>ge /ock ran*es1 b ea* f>m has its pa/ures = horses & cattle4 ,^! pa/ures are ! wild l& cov]$ ) scatt]$ mosquito1 po/ oak1 & pat*es ( *ap>ral & cactus4 ,! native grasses are abundant & ( excell5t quality1 & 9 ?is mild climate furni% good fe$ ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,_m ( ! pa/ures are n half eat5 d[n1 & ! dead & dry vegetation becomes a nuisance4 ,aft] h>ve/ cattle & horses are usually turn$ into cotton & gra9 fields1 :]e !y d good "w 9 clean+ up grass & we$s 9 ! field & along ! bord]s4 ,/ill !re is abundance ( fe$ con/antly go+ to wa/e1 & a small flock ( %eep c\ld be kept ) great pr(it & no exp5se on almo/ e f>m4 ,fifty to two hundr$ %eep on a f>m w\ld at once make ?is "p ( ,texas ! mo/ important woolgr[+ section ( ! ,/ate4 ,o!r advantages to be ga9$ w\ld be keep+ d[n ! cactus & *ap>ral1 :i* are incl9$ to spread & occupy mu* ( ! gr\nd1 keep+ ! edges ( pa/ures & fields clean$ up s t !y w\ld n h>bor a ho/ ( pr$ace\s insects & rod5ts 9 close proximity to gr[+ crops1 & furni%+ to ! f>m]s & small t[ns a supply ( fre% meat o!r ?an *ick54 ,9 ?is w>m climate beef is r>ely available1 except 9 ! l>g] t[ns4 ,! advantages ( introduc+ %eep into ?is "p ( ! c\ntry are ackn[l$g$ by ! f>m]s1 & !re seems to be no reason :y x has n be5 done1 except t coyotes are common1 l>ge1 & fond ( mutton4 ,simil> conditions prevail 9 _m p>ts ( ! ,we/ & ov] l>ge areas4 ,:ile a doz5 ye>s ago ! l[ price ( wool 0 an important factor 9 caus+ f>m]s to ab&on %eep rais+1 9 rec5t ye>s ! prices h be5 excell5t4 ,f9e wa%$ wool 0 quot$ 9 ! ,new ,york m>ket ,febru>y #f1 #aije1 at #cb4ce c5ts p] p\nd & 9 ,/4 ,l\is on ! same date at #dj4da c5ts p] p\nd4 ,! price ( tub-wa%$ wool at ,/4 ,l\is 0 at no "t dur+ #aijd less ?an #cj c5ts p] p\nd4 ,unwa%$ wool rang$ f #ae to #ca c5ts dur+ mo/ ( ! ye>4 ,yet ! numb] ( %eep 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is n[ decreas+4 ,montana1 ) an area ( #adf1jjj squ>e miles1 leads ! ,/ates 9 ! numb] ( %eep kept1 :i* is #e1fch1ieg4;,e ,engl&1 ) an area ( #ej1hfg squ>e miles1 has ab\t five times z _m z ,montana4 ,9 ,montana %eep are h]d$ 9 imm5se flocks2 9 ,engl& e l&[n] & f>m] keeps a small flock4 ,footnote ,e3 ,crop ,report]1 ,u4 ,s4 ,dept4 ,agric4 ,febru>y1 #aije4 ,x is evid5t t ! disc\rag+ condition ( ! %eep indu/ry 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is n due to a lack ( favorable climate nor to ! abs5ce ( suitable pa/urage4 ,nei!r is x due to l[ prices ( wool & mutton4 ,inde$1 9 our m>kets mutton is com+ to be m & m 9 favor1 & ?is gr[+ dem& may be "o ( ! causes = ! pres5t dra9 ^u ! flocks & ! decrease 9 _! numb]s2 b ! *ief disc\ragem5t ( ! indu/ry und\bt$ly lies 9 ! depr$ations ( wor?less dogs & coyotes4 ,! dog "q is a s]i\s "o1 especially 9 ?ickly settl$ p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 b ! evil is be/ rem$i$ by a resort to taxation4 ,! tax on dogs %\ld be suffici5tly high to put mo/ ( ! wor?less ones out ( exi/5ce4 ,,means ,,( ,,de/ruction4 ,! coyote problem is a s]i\s "o4 ,v>i\s me?ods ( deal+ ) x h be5 9 vogue s9ce coyotes fir/ began to l mutton4 ,none ( ! me?ods h be5 entirely satisfactory1 & "s are signal failures4 ,all ( !m comb9$ h result$ 9 a p>tial *eck on ! increase ( coyotes 9 mo/ p>ts ( _! range4 ,poison has probably kill$ ! greate/ numb] ( adult animals1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ,mexico has almo/ de/roy$ "s ( ! species1 b no su* success has att5d$ its use 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,,poison+4 ,/ry*n9e has always be5 a favorite weapon ( hunt]s = wolf pelts & b\nties4 ,a half c5tury ago hunt]s on ! prairies kill$ ! buffalo = its pelt1 & add$ to _! income by kill+ ! wolves t foll[$ ! daily slaught]4 ,a little /ry*n9e ins]t$ 9 ! sk9n$ c>cass ( a buffalo enabl$ !m to secure _m pelts ( ! gray wolf & occasionally "o ( ! coyote2 b n (t5 ! latt]3 he 0 reg>d$ z mu* too %rewd to be tak5 by ord9>y me?ods ( poison+4 ,resides1 ! pelt 0 small & n suffici5tly valuable 9 comp>ison to w>rant special ef=ts to secure x4 ,ev5 9 #ahai ,?omas ,say1 :o fir/ gave a sci5tific "n to a coyote1 f\nd ?is animal m abundant ?an ! gray wolf4,f ,yet ! numb] kill$ = _! pelts has nev] be5 great4 ,footnote ,f3 ,long's ,exp$ition to ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 p4 #afh1 #ahbc4 ,z an illu/ration ( ! coyote's %rewdness 9 avoid+ poison$ bails1 a f>m] 9 ,oklahoma gave ! writ] ! foll[+ exp]i5ce3 ,aft] but*]+ "s hogs he poison$ a hogsk9 & left x ) o!r (fal = a coyote t nightly pr[l$ ab\t 8 premises4 ,9 ! morn+ ev]y?+ b ! poison$ sk9 _h be5 cle>$ away4 ,he left x two m nights1 b x rema9$ unt\*$4 ,?9k+ t ! animal w\ld n eat ! poison$ bait1 he buri$ x4 ,t night ! coyote dug up ! pigsk9 & ate x1 fall+ a victim to its deadly cont5ts4 ,s9ce !n ! f>m] says he has nev] fail$ to poison coyotes :5 he buries ! bait4 ,ano!r me?od ( poison+ coyotes is to ins]t ! /ry*n9e 9 small *unks ( meat t c be easily swall[$4 ,success by ?is me?od dep5ds l>gely ^u ! condition ( ! animal z reg>ds hung]1 & may be help$ by mak+ :at is kn[n z a 'drag' 9 ! neighborhood ( ! bait4 ,a small animal--a ble$+ dead rabbit is good--is dragg$ ov] ! prairie & ! morsels ( bail left at int]vals along ! 'drag4' ,two days previ\s to a g5]al coyote hunt 9 ,oklahoma a /e] badly affect$ by 'lumpy jaw' 0 kill$1 op5$1 & left 9 ! middle ( ! area to be hunt$4 ,dur+ ! fir/ night coyotes h[l$ all night 9 ! vic9ity ( ! c>cass1 b fail$ to t\* x4 ,! second day a h9d qu>t] 0 sep>at$ f ! c>cass & dragg$ 9 a circuit ( a mile or two1 ! drag com+ hack to ! c>cass4 ,dur+ ! foll[+ night ! coyotes pick$ ! bones ( ! c>cass h>e4 ,?us gorg$ ) beef1 !y 7 9 a condition favorable = _! slaught] 9 ! drive ( ! foll[+ day4 ,9 ! use ( /ry*n9e = wolves1 ! dry cry/als ( /ry*nia sulphate are g5]ally pref]r$4 ,!y %\ld be ins]t$ 9 ! bait ) a knife blade1 & ! meat %\ld be h&l$ z little z possible4 ,x %\ld be rememb]$ t if precautions are n tak5 !re is a great] probability ( kill+ dogs ?an wolves4 ,! entire neighborhood %\ld "k ( ! int5d$ attempt1 & all valuable dogs %\ld be conf9$ until ! op]ation is f9i%$ & uneat5 baits dispos$ (4 ,,trapp+4 ,coyotes are n easily trapp$4 ,"s skill & a good k ( _! habits are requisites = success4 ,!y travel 9 r well-def9$ pa?s & usually hunt aga9/ ! w9d4 ,hav+ a ke5 s5se ( smell1 !y easily detect ! tracks ( man1 & if !y h _h previ\s exp]i5ce ( traps or guns !y are suspici\s ( dang]4 ,9 ! wilde/ p>ts ( ! c\ntry remote f settlem5t !y are m readily trapp$4 ,! *ances = successful trapp+ decrease ) _! famili>ity ) man1 s t !re is little probability t ! process w ev] h mu* effect on _! numb]s4 ,! writ] kn[s a ,kansas trapp] :o is q successful 9 captur+ coyotes 9 a r ?ickly settl$ "p ( t ,/ate4 ,he /eel traps & sets !m along h$ges 9 places :]e ! animals are accu/om$ to pass ?r\gh op5+s4 ,no bait is us$ & ! trap is p>tly conceal$ by dead leaves or grasses4 ,he claims t bo? ! direction ( ! w9d & ( ! animal z x approa*es ! op5+ h mu* to d ) ! *ance = success4 ,field naturali/s ( ! ,biological ,survey usually h exp]i5c$ little difficulty 9 secur+ coyotes 9 traps4 ,a ,no4 #c /eel trap is g5]ally us$4 ,a suitable place is select$ along a n>r[ pa? or trail & ! trap sunk 9 ! gr\nd level ) ! surface & conceal$ ) f9e grass1 leaves1 or o!r mat]ial t w h>monize ) ! surr\nd+s4 ,at ! same "t c>e is tak5 t ! mat]ial us$ %all leave ! jaws ( ! trap free to spr+ cle> ( ! cov]+4 ,! trap %\ld be fa/5$ to a bu% or /ake1 or if ^! are n available1 to a clog4 ,= ! la/ a pole ly+ on ! gr\nd is be/1 s9ce x may be utiliz$ )\t mov+ x or di/urb+ ! surr\nd+s4 ,if ! trap is an*or$ to a bu% or small tree ! *a9 mu/ be securely fa/5$ ) snap or wire4 ,a /\t /ake ov] :i* ! r+ w n slip1 driv5 out ( sight into ! gr\nd1 is bett]4 ,e "p ( ! trap & *a9 is cov]$1 & ! gr\nd left 9 z natural & undi/urb$ condition z possible4 ,any k9d ( fre% meat w d = bait--rabbits & o!r small rod5ts are (t5 us$1 b l>g] baits seem to be m attractive4 x is also ( advantage aft] sett+ ! trap to make a 'drag' ( ! bait = a qu>t] to a half mile1 at ! end ( a rope f ! saddle horn1 & f9ally to fa/5 x to a bu% or /ake close to ! trap1 or cut x 9 bits & scatt] all ar\nd ! trap s t n all c be rea*$ by ! coyote )\t walk+ ov] ! trap4 ,! skill ( ! trapp] & ! situation ( ! trap w det]m9e ! be/ arrangem5t4 ,! suspicion ( ! coyote is less5$ app>5tly aft] foll[+ ! bloody trail ( a well-plann$ drag4 ,be=e sett+ ! traps _m trapp]s rub _! feet & h&s on a sk9 or "s /rong-smell+ meat or c>cass to conceal ! human odor4 ,oil ( anise or rhodium is sometimes us$ = ! same purpose4 ,any /rong odor is likely to attract ! att5tion ( ! coyote & allay suspicion4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to spit on ! gr\nd or kneel or ?r[ d[n any clo?+ 9 ! vic9ity ( ! trap4 ,a good plan is to set a l9e ( traps & leave !m = a day or two1 & !n g ! r\nds ) a horse & drag1 & bait ! traps )\t dism\nt+4 ,,hunt+4 ,_m ran*m5 f9d dogs an effici5t help 9 gu>d+ aga9/ coyote depr$ations4 ,= ?is purpose ! small v>ieties are useless1 s9ce ! coyotes d n fe> !m4 ,beagles & l>g] foxh\nds are too sl[4 ,/agh\nds1 ,russian wolfh\nds1 greyh\nds1 & _! crosses are to be pref]r$3 & at lea/ ?ree are ne$$ to successfully *ase & safely kill a coyote4 ,^! dogs soon le>n to hunt wolves1 & are seldom kn[n to h>m %eep4 ,ran*es on :i* !y are kept are comp>atively free f depr$ations ( wild animals1 :ile o!rs )9 a few miles are by d means exempt4 ,( c\rse1 ! keep+ ( ^! dogs on small f>ms w\ld h>dly be practicable4 ,9 ! op5 c\ntry :]e !re are few f5ces1 hunt+ ! coyote ) horse & dogs is an excit+ sport4 ,fox *as+1 al?\gh less m]itori\s 9 purpose1 may h "s advantages z sport1 because ! qu>ry is n always 9 sight & ! skill ( ! h\nds is pitt$ aga9/ ! cunn+ ( ! fox4 ,9 ! *ase ( ! wolf1 z 9 c\rs+ h>es1 ! race is /raight away & )\t cov]2 & :5 ! qu>ry is ov]tak5 ! fight is won only because ( ! ov]p[]+ numb]s ( ! pursu]s4 ,! ord9>y greyh\nd c easily ov]take a coyote1 b is usually unable to kill x alone4 ,coyote drives1 9 :i* an entire community engage1 h become a popul> feature ( rural sport 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,su* drives h be5 held 9 ,kansas1 ,colorado4 ,idaho4 ,oklahoma1 & ,texas2 b ! me?ods employ$ dep5d l>gely on ! local topography4 ,! writ] 0 pres5t at ! second annual wolf hunt :i* took place ,novemb] #bd1 #aijd1 9 ! l>ge ,pa/ure ,res]ve ne> ,*attanooga1 ,okla4 ,on ,?anksgiv+ morn+ ! wea!r 0 p]fect1 & a l>ge numb] ( p f ! surr\nd+ c\ntry collect$ 9 ! village ( ,*attanooga4 ,a little be=e noon ! m5 :o 7 to drive ! wolves rode out ( t[n & head$ = _! positions 9 ! ,pa/ure4 ,z !re 7 less ?an #aej m51 ! area cov]$ by ! drive 0 n s l>ge z _h be5 plann$4 ,! driv]s 7 sep>at$ into ?ree divisions4 ,! s\? division1 :i* 0 "u ! imm$iate *>ge ( ! comm&] ( ! hunt1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,w4 ,williams1 proce$$ ab\t #g miles s\? ( ,*attanooga4 ,! ea/]n & ! we/]n divisions 7 "u ! *>ge ( o!r capta9s & _h _! /ations ab\t #d miles to ! s\!a/ & s\?we/ ( ! t[n4 ,! area cov]$ by ! drive 0 some:at ov] #f miles squ>e4 ,on ! nor? side 7 ! spectators1 occupy+ a position ab\t a mile & a half f ! t[n & ext5d+ ov] ne>ly #b miles ( front1 f :i* ! l& slop$ g5tly to ! s\?4 ,! spectators came f t[n 9 e sort ( f>m vehicle & numb]$ fully #ejj4 ,9 front ( ! l9e ( vehicles "s #ej m5 on horseback held 9 res]ve ne>ly #ajj dogs1 mo/ly greyh\nds4 ,guns ( all k9ds 7 rul$ out ( ! f9al 'r\nd-up1' & only l>iats1 dogs1 & clubs 7 p]mitt$ z weapons4 ,! l9e ( spectators 0 =m$ at #a o'clock1 b x 0 fully an h\r be=e ! driv+ divisions 7 he>d or se54 ,9 ! s\? a beautiful mirage occupi$ ! di/ant valley a :ite %eet ( wat] bord]$ by trees4 ,x 0 on ! surface ( ?is mimic lake t we fir/ saw ! rid]s gallop+ by twos4 ,soon aft] we fa9tly he>d _! di/ant %\ts2 & :5 ! %\ts began to come cle>]1 ! coyotes also came up ! valley by ones & twos1 & at l5g? by ?rees & f\rs be=e ! swiftly mov+ horsem54 ,:5 ! fir/ wolf 0 /ill a half mile di/ant1 ! dogs 7 releas$ & rid]s & dogs da%$ to ! front to head (f ! animals4 ,hemm$ 9 9 front & re>1 !y broke to ! "r & to ! left1 & _m made good _! escape ?r\gh ! ?9n] l9es ( ! ea/ & ! we/ divisions4 ,! sport 0 fa/ & furi\s = a %ort "t1 b :5 a little ,lat] ! dead & captur$ wolves 7 br\ght toge!r 9 ! t[n1 !y 7 f\nd to numb] only elev5 9 all4 ,two ( !m 7 rop$ by c[boys dur+ ! drive & kill$ ) pi/ols4 ,two 7 dragg$ to dea? at ! end ( l>iats4 ,sev5 7 caught by ! dogs 9 ! r\nd-up1 & two ( ^! 7 br\ght 9 alive4 ,_m escap$1 b x is impossible to e/imate ! numb]4 ,su* hunts h consid]able influ5ce 9 decreas+ ! numb] ( coyotes & also af=d an agreeable break 9 ! monotony ( fronti] life4 ,_! purpose1 h[ev]1 is nev] admitt$ to be t ( sport1 b to kill coyotes4 ,,b\nties4 ,activity 9 ! w>f>e aga9/ ! coyote has be5 consid]ably /imulat$ by ! paym5t ( b\nties f ! public treasury ( ! ,/ates & c\nties4 ,ne>ly all ! ,/ates 9 :i* coyotes occur h be5 = ye>s ma9ta9+ su* b\nty sy/ems4 ,9 "s p>ts ( ! ,we/ ^! are supplem5t$ by rew>ds f /ock associations or ran* own]s4 ,! b\nties f public funds h rang$ f #be c5ts to #e = ea* animal kill$1 b supplem5t>y paym5ts sometimes make !m z high z #ae4 ,! subject ( b\nties 9 g5]al has be5 already discuss$ by ,dr4 ,t4 ,s4 ,palm]1 ( ! ,biological ,survey4,g ,doctor ,palm] ref]s to ! ,cali=nia coyote act ( #ahia1 :i* 0 practically 9 =ce only eighte5 mon?s1 b :i* co/ ! ,/ate #ahg1dhe4 ,z ! b\nty 0 #e p] scalp1 ?is repres5t$ ! de/ruction ( #cg1dic coyotes4 ,kansas1 ) a c\nty b\nty ( #a p] animal1 succe$s 9 de/roy+ ab\t #bj1jjj ea* ye>4 ,9 addition to ! b\nty1 ! pelt ( an adult coyote is wor? f #ej c5ts to #a4ej1 accord+ to its condition4 ,h[ev]1 mo/ ( ! kill+ is accompli%$ 9 spr+1 :5 ! female & h] "y are dug out ( d5s & ! pelage ( ! adults is n 9 prime condition4 ,footnote ,g3 ,ext]m9ation ( ,noxi\s ,animals by ,b\nties4 ,ye>book ,u4 ,s4 ,dept ( ,agr41 #ahif1 pp4 #ee-fh4 ,doctor ,palm] rightly concludes t 9 practice b\nties = ! de/ruction ( noxi\s animals1 paid f public funds1 are usually objectionable4 ,probably ^? on wolves & coyotes h be5 m ne>ly ju/ifi$ ?an ^? on any o!r animals4 ,:ile x is c]ta9 t ! l>g] wolves h greatly dim9i%$ 9 numb]s "u ! sy/em1 =ces f> m pot5t ?an m]e rew>ds h op]at$ aga9/ !m4 ,*ief ( ^! has be5 ! encroa*m5t ( civilization4 ,coyotes h 9 "s places held _! gr\nd "u b\nties1 & possibly might h be5 held 9 *eck ne>ly z well "u ! op]ation ( ! same =ces t help$ to decimate ! timb] wolves4 ,b ! obs]v$ effect on ! coyote ( contact ) settlem5ts h>dly ju/ifies su* a conclusion4 ,t ! b\nties 9 "s places h done effective "w is und\bt$2 ! "q is z to :e!r ! results h be5 comm5surate ) ! exp5ditures4 ,h[ev]1 ! pr9cipal objection to b\nties is ! e?ical "o1 t !y lead to fraudul5t practices4 ,,protection ,,aga9/ ,,coyotes4 ,! discussion ( ! v>i\s means ( de/roy+ coyotes1 & ! evid5t futility1 ?us f>1 ( all ( !m comb9$ to completely *eck ! increase ( ! species1 leads naturally to ! consid]ation ( means ( prev5t+ _! depr$ations4 ,c\ld dome/ic animals be entirely protect$1 ! coyotes w\ld return to _! orig9al b5eficial occupation z scav5g]s & de/roy]s ( noxi\s rod5ts4 ,! plan t at once sugge/s itself is t ( f5c+ aga9/ !m4 ,?is means ( protection f wild animals has be5 long 9 vogue 9 ! ,au/ralian colonies & 9 ,s\? ,africa4 ,9 ,au/ralia rabbits1 d+oes1 & "s species ( kang>oos are successfully kept out ( pa/ures & crops by ! use ( wire nett+s4 ,9 ,cape ,colony jackals1 p>ticul>ly ! r$ jackal 7,canis mesomelas71 are a great h9drance to %eep & o/ri* f>m+1 & ! success att5d+ ! use ( wire nett+ 9 ,au/ralia l$ to ! introduction ( simil> f5c+ into ,s\? ,africa4 ,! result has be5 highly gratify+4 ,:ile ! co/ ( ! f5c+ is high1 ! advantages f its use h be5 reg>d$ z m ?an comp5sat+ = ! outlay4 ,mr4 ,t4 ,t4 ,hoole1 presid5t ( ! ,upp] ,albany 7,cape ,colony7 ,f>m]'s ,association1 9 a pap] read at a meet+ ( t society,h gives details ( t5 ye>s' exp]i5ce ) jackal-pro( f5c+4 ,among its advantages to %eep gr[]s he names3 #a4 ,decreas$ co/ ( h]d+4 #b4 ,increas$ value ( ! wool1 ab\t #c c5ts p] p\nd4 #c4 ,increas$ numb] ( lambs re>$4 #d4 ,increas$ value1 ow+ to e>ly maturity & condition ( /ock4 #e4 ,less liability to contagion f scab4 #f4 ,r$uc$ dea? rate4 #g4 ,additional security ( ! flock4 #h4 ,improv$ condition ( pa/urage z aga9/ det]ioration4 ,footnote ,h3 ,agr4 ,j\r4 ,cape ( ,good ,hope1 vol4 #be1 pp4 #efj-efc1 #aijd4 ,! la/ item alone he reg>ds z m ?an repay+ ! entire co/ ( erection4 ,"u ! sy/em ( h]d+ on ! op5 veldt x becomes necess>y to protect f wild animals by driv+ ! %eep to a kraal = ! night4 ,9 ! vic9ity ( ! kraal ! gr\nd is soon trodd5 b>e1 & deep p>allel pa?s are worn 9 ! surface4 ,9 a few ye>s ! torr5tial ra9s wa% ! pa?s into :at are call$ 'sluits'--simil> to ! 'arroyos' ( our own ,s\?we/4 ,9 ! we/]n "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ! practice ( keep+ %eep 9 va/ h]ds has result$ 9 mu* det]ioration ( ! ranges1 due to ov]cr[d+1 & ! co/ ( h]d+ has absorb$ mu* ( ! pr(its ( %eep rais+4 ,! process ( )draw+ l&s = home/eads & ! v>i\s res]vations has dim9i%$ ! free range & increas$ ! cr[d+1 until flock own]s = _! own protection h be5 compell$ to pur*ase l&s = range purposes4 ,! day ( free pa/urage on public l&s is fa/ pass+1 & ) private own]%ip ( ranges1 f5c+ mu/ be resort$ to to conf9e ! flocks4 ,! additional exp5diture necess>y to make ! f5ces pro( aga9/ coyotes w\ld be inconsid]able :5 all ! advantages are prop]ly weigh$4 ,,inve/igations ,,conc]n+ ,,coyote-,,pro( ,,f5c+4 ,! ,biological ,survey has und]tak5 an inve/igation ( ! feasibility ( successfully f5c+ aga9/ ! coyote4 ,if a coyote-pro( f5ce ( suffici5t *eapness & durability to be practicable c be br\ght into g5]al use = pa/urage1 !re is no reason :y ! %eep indu/ry 9 ! we/ %\ld n be reviv$ & greatly ext5d$4 ,if su* a f5ce %\ld at ! same "t prove effici5t aga9/ dogs1 ! b5efit w\ld ext5d to ! :ole c\ntry & result 9 an enorm\s increase ( ! productive res\rces ( our f>ms4 ,a coyote-pro( f5ce w\ld prove valuable1 ev5 if its use 7 re/rict$ to corrals & small pa/ures = ewes dur+ ! lamb+ season4 ,! writ]1 "u in/ruction f ! ,*ief ( ! ,biological ,survey1 sp5t sev]al weeks 9 ! field dur+ ,octob] & ,novemb]1 #aijd1 mak+ su* inve/igations z 7 possible dur+ ! limit$ "t at 8 disposal4 ,= ! purpose ( te/+ ! ability ( coyotes to pass ov] or ?r\gh f5ces a unique exp]im5t 0 made4 ,! place select$ 0 ,*attanooga1 ,coman*e ,c\nty1 ,okla4 ,s\? ( ! t[n lies ! great ,pa/ure ,res]ve1 a l>ge area practically )\t f5ces to int]f]e ) ! *as+ ( wolves4 ,s9ce coyotes 7 abundant & ! c[boys skill$ 9 _! *ase1 x 0 n difficult to procure ! ne$$ animals 9 an un9jur$ condition4 ,! exp]im5t 0 made ) all ! =ms ( f5ce t c\ld possibly be obta9$ or built ) ! limit$ res\rces ( a new c\ntry4 ,a long lane 0 fir/ built1 ) sides #g feet high1 made ) p\ltry nett+ ( a small me%4 ,f\rte5 cross f5ces ( heights f #cj to #ff in*es & ( v>i\s designs 7 built at int]vals along ! lane4 ,!y 7 arrang$ s t ! coyotes1 introduc$ at "o end ( ! lane1 %\ld h pres5t$ to !m gradually increas+ difficulty 9 pass+ ! f5ces4 ,two coyotes 7 releas$ s+ly into ! lane1 & _! progress & me?ods ( pass+ ! cross f5ces 7 c>efully not$4 ,"o 0 badly fright5$ by ! pres5ce & noise ( dogs & m51 b ! exp]im5t ) ! o!r 0 n made 9 public4 ,! coyotes ran ) _! noses close to ! gr\nd & seem$ to h no k ( jump+4 ,nei!r ( !m succe$$ 9 gett+ ov] a f5ce m ?an #cf ,in*es 9 height4 ,! me?od 0 "o ( climb+1 assi/$ by ! h9d feet1 r ?an ( jump+4 ,all attempts to pass ! ob/ructions began ) ef=ts to get ! muzzle ?r\gh op5+s4 ,if ! entire head c\ld be ?ru/ ?r\gh & !re 0 en\gh room = ! %\ld]s to spread out lat]ally1 ! :ole wolf 0 able to foll[4 ,bo? w5t ?r\gh rectangul> op5+s1 #e by #ab in*es & #e by #h in*es1 b ! l>g] animal fail$ to pass a me% #e by #f in*es4 ,! small] animal w5t ?r\gh an op5+ #d by #ab in*es & ano!r #e by #f in*es4 ,_h ^! op5+s be5 triangul> 9 =m ! animal c\ld n h pass$ ?r\gh4 ,! foll[+ conclusions 7 drawn f ! exp]im5ts3 #a4 ,prairie coyotes w n will+ly jump ov] a f5ce above #cj in*es 9 height4 #b4 ,!y w readily climb ov] f5ces built ( horizontal rails or crossb>s1 especially 9 ord] to escape f captivity4 #c4 ,b>b$ wires d n det] !m f crawl+ ?r\gh a f5ce to escape4 ,:e!r !y w\ld g ?r\gh a closely built b>b$ wire f5ce to attack %eep or p\ltry is /ill an op5 "q4 #d4 ,wov5 wire f5ces %\ld h me%es1 :5 rectangul>1 less ?an #f by #f in*es to keep out coyotes4 ,= su* f5ces triangul> me%es are mu* bett] ?an squ>e ones4 #e4 ,9 f5c+ aga9/ coyotes ) wov5 f5ces c>e mu/ be us$ to see t !re are no op5+s at ! gr\nd ?r\gh :i* ! animals c =ce !mselves1 s9ce !y are m likely to crawl "u a f5ce ?an jump ov] x4 ,9 ! exp]im5ts ! animals1 "u "s excitem5t1 7 attempt+ to escape f conf9em5t4 ,9 ! judgm5t ( ! writ]1 ! exp]im5ts are insuffici5t to det]m9e :at a coyote w\ld d if ! conditions 7 rev]s$ &1 impell$ only by ! /imulus ( hung]1 he 7 attempt+ to ent] an inclosure built ( ^! f5ces4 ,! b>ri]s w\ld surely be f> m =midable4 ,exp]im5ts ) c]ta9 types ( f5ce1 ) %eep inclos$ )9 !m1 & 9 a c\ntry ) wolves z pl5tiful z !y are at ,*attanooga1 w\ld be f> m conclusive 9 e/abli%+ a safe basis = practical recomm5dations to f>m]s4 ,! writ] int]view$ a numb] ( f>m]s 9 ,kansas :o h _h exp]i5ce ) p\ltry & f>m animals 9 coyote-infe/$ c\ntry4 ,sev]al ( !m _h = "s ye>s be5 us+ = corrals & small pa/ures wov5 wire f5ces1 & _h f\nd ^? f #eg to #fj in*es high entirely coyote-pro(4 ,^! f5ces h triangul> me%es & are ( suffici5t weight to be suitable = all k9ds ( /ock4 ,su* a f5ce1 if set ) ! l[] edge on ! gr\nd & an*or$ d[n :]e necess>y1 c safely be recomm5d$ z coyote-pro(4 ,_! co/1 h[ev]1 is possibly too great to br+ !m into g5]al use = %eep pa/ures4 ,:]e l& is valuable & pa/ures ( ! be/1 !y w prove economical1 = !y h ! m]it ( be+ bo? dog-pro( & coyote-pro(4 ,dogs1 bo? l>ge & small1 t by *ance get inside ! inclosures are unable to get out1 & h to be let out by ! gate4 ,betwe5 ^! r exp5sive f5ces & ! *eape/ =m t may be f\nd effici5t _m grades may exi/4 ,9 exp]im5ts to det]m9e ! effici5cy ( any =m x is necess>y to consid] ! famili>ity ( ! animals ) f5ces 9 g5]al4 ,9 a new c\ntry a v simple f5ce might be ample at fir/ to keep out wolves1 b ultimately w\ld prove insuffici5t4 ,mr4 ,t4 ,t4 ,hoole1 ( ,cape ,colony1 ,africa1 9 ! pap] already quot$1 gives ! foll[+ exp]i5ce 9 det]m9+ ^u a jackal-pro( f5ce3 ,my fir/ importation ( #b foot #f in* nett+ s]v$ its purpose = a ye> or m1 :5 ,i f\nd ! jackals z tr\blesome z ov]4 ,! addition ( a s+le b>b$ wire assi/$ = a "t3 b aft] "s ye>s ( exp]i5ce & comp>+ notes4 ,i f\nd t no?+ %ort ( a #c-;foot nett+ & f\r b>b$ wires w\ld be effective4 ,i h giv5 ! above p>ticul>s ( my exp]i5ce z a w>n+ to ! inexp]i5c$1 t half measures are simply a wa/e ( money & t badly erect$ f5ces1 al?\gh effective = a "t1 w end 9 disappo9tm5t & failure4 ,mr4 ,hoole has #ah miles ( ! f5ce j describ$1 :ile a neighbor+ /ockman has #de miles built4 ,! co/1 includ+ labor1 :5 built ( ! ho/ mat]ial--sneezewood po/s & kang>oo nett+--0 e/imat$ at #ajf p] mile--ab\t #ejj4 ,?is f5ce 0 design$ = o/ri*es1 cattle1 spr+boks1 & %eep3 a f5ce int5d$ = %eep alone c\ld be built = less4 ,mat]ials & labor are bo? mu* m exp5sive ?an 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,a f5ce simil> to t describ$ by ,mr4 ,hoole c\ld be built 9 mo/ p>ts ( ! ,we/ = ab\t #bjj to #bej p] mile4 ,a writ] 9 ! ,nor' ,we/ ,f>m] /ates t :5 he fir/ began %eep rais+ 9 ,manitoba a #b-/r& b>b$ wire f5ce 0 a complete b>ri] to ! coyotes1 b t 9 less ?an two ye>s !y became us$ to x & w\ld g "u or betwe5 ! wires )\t hesitation4 ,m /r&s 7 add$ )\t effect1 until a wov5 wire f5ce 0 adopt$1 :i* prov$ satisfactory4 ,9 ,s\? ,africa ?ree types ( f5ce h be5 9 use = protection aga9/ jackals1 & ea* has advocates among ! f>m]s4 ,! *eape/ is built ( /r&s ( b>b$ wire plac$ close toge!r & /ay$ at int]vals by light /rips ( wood fa/5$ to ! wires by /aples4 ,9 ! second =m ! /ay+ is done by light1 smoo? wire wov5 9 by ma*9]y1 involv+ m labor 9 ! build+4 ,! ?ird type is t recomm5d$ by ,mr4 ,hoole4 ,x is m exp5sive1 b seems always to h /ood ! te/ ( exp]i5ce4 ,! o!rs h n always be5 satisfactory1 b _! advocates claim t ! fault has be5 9 con/ruction & n 9 design4 ,! jackals h ent]$ ! inclosures ?r\gh op5+s at ! gr\nd4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,h4 ,cl>ke1 ( ,laytonville1 ,m5doc9o ,c\nty4 ,cal41 has = sev]al ye>s succe$$ 9 f5c+ coyotes f 8 %eep range4 ,9 a lett] to ! ,*ief ( ! ,biological ,survey1 dat$ ,m>* #a1 #aije1 he describes ! f5ce & relates 8 exp]i5ce3 ,! f5ce1 inclos+ ne>ly #d1jjj acres1 consi/s ( r$wood pickets #f feet long driv5 into ! gr\nd #a foot & leav+ spaces or cracks n ov] #d in*es wide2 po/s #h feet long & driv5 #b feet1 project+ #a foot above ! pickets2 two b>b$ wires /apl$ to ! po/s #e in*es above ! pickets & ! same di/ance ap>t4 ,^! %\ld be on ! outside ( ! po/s4 ,! pickets are driv5 ev5ly by us+ a slat z a guide at ! bottom & a l9e at ! top4 ,"o b>b$ wire is plac$ at ! bottom on ! outside to prev5t digg+4 ,! pickets are fa/5$ to a ,no4 #i cable wire ) a ,no4 #ac wrapp+ wire4 ,! po/s are set #ab feet ap>t1 or less1 accord+ to ! surface--at top & bottom ( ea* rise or ind5tation4 ,:]e gul*es or small /reams are cross$ boxes & gates are put 94 ,:]e l>g] /reams are enc\nt]$ a dam is fir/ put 9 & ! gate s swung z to re/ on or aga9/ ! dam head 9 ! dry season4 ,! co/ ( con/ruction v>i$ f #cbj to #djj p] mile4 ,galvaniz$ wire 0 us$1 & ( ! b>b$ ! ?icke/-set f\r-po9t$ wire obta9able4 ,if f\r-po9t wire c\ld be _h1 ) %>p po9ts set n ov] #b in*es ap>t1 ! top wire might be disp5s$ )4 ,:ile ?is f5ce 0 begun 9 #ahig1 x 0 net f9i%$ until ?ree ye>s ago4 ,x 0 p>tly exp]im5tal at fir/1 & at ! end ( ! second ye> only t portion ( ! range us$ = lamb+ 0 inclos$ ) a coyote-pro( f5ce4 ,we d n "k t a coyote has ev] scal$ or jump$ x4 ,a v l>ge coyote t got 9 ?r\gh an accid5tally 'propp$' floodgate1 ?\gh *as$ by dogs all day1 c\ld n be made to jump out1 ev5 :5 corn]$4 ,consid]+ ! /eep1 wild1 & brok5 nature ( ! c\ntry1 ) sev]al 'slides' 9 ! f5ce t c\ld n be avoid$ :5 build+1 & :i* move & displace ! f5ce dur+ h>d /orms1 x is net surpris+ t a few coyotes h gott5 94 ,=tunately1 p>tition f5ces h aid$ 9 ! capture ( ^? be=e mu* damage 0 done4 ,two ob/acles are enc\nt]$ 9 keep+ up ?is f5ce--trespass]s1 :o cut or break a picket to get ?r\gh1 & slides4 ,coyotes are v p]si/5t1 & :5 !y see "y lambs on ! opposite side w foll[ ! f5ce = miles1 try+ to f9d a hole4 99 99 99 ,none h gott5 9 ?is season4 ,:5 we began to f5ce aga9/ !m ! coyotes wore lit]ally driv+ %eep out ( ! c\ntry4 99 99 99 ,horses & cattle h tak5 _! places1 b return less ?an half ! pr(it %eep did prior to ! coyote's inroads4 ,excessive ra9s 9 w9t] & irregul>ity ( l&scape preclude ! practicability ( close h]d+4 ,) u x 0 ei!r ab&on %eep or f5ce ! pe/ out4 ,=tunately we adopt$ ! latt]4 ,:ile ! f5ce us$ by ,mr4 ,cl>ke is exp5sive1 ! complete success ( 8 exp]im5t is ( mu* int]e/4 ,9 mo/ p>ts ( ! ,we/ wov5 wire w\ld be *eap] ?an pickets & w\ld require less labor 9 its erection4 ,:]e ! l& is z unev5 z t j describ$1 ! use ( wov5 wire may be impracticable4 ,mr4 ,d4 ,w4 ,hild]br&1 ( ,cali=nia1 :o has built coyote f5ces = ran*m5 9 ! ,san ,joaqu9 ,valley1 recomm5ds a #c-;in* me% wov5 wire f5ce #cf to #dj in*es 9 height1 ) two b>b$ wires on top1 #e in*es ap>t1 & "o at ! bottom4 ,he recomm5ds t ! po/s be set #bj to #cj feet ap>t4 ,f data n[ available x seems reasonably c]ta9 t a f5ce con/ruct$ ( wov5 wire ) a triangul> me% n ov] #f in*es across1 & ( a height ( #bh to #db in*es1 supplem5t$ by two or ?ree tightly /ret*$ b>b$ wires1 w\ld prove to be coyote-pro(4 ,x is difficult to make exact e/imates ( ! co/4 ,wov5 f5ces diff] 9 weight1 price1 & durability1 & freight *>ges on mat]ials dep5d on ! di/ance f di/ribut+ po9ts4 ,! co/ ( po/s & labor v>ies mu*4 ,an e/imate bas$ on s _m v>iable factors is ( little value1 b an av]age ( #bjj p] mile w\ld probably all[ ! use ( ! be/ mat]ials4 ,fur!r exp]im5ts ) wire f5ces w be made by ! ,biological ,survey 9 coop]ation ) %eep gr[]s 9 ! ,we/1 & ! results w be giv5 to ! public z e>ly z practicable4 ,! matt] is "o ( great economic importance1 & ! ,survey w welcome correspond5ce ) p]sons int]e/$ 9 ! subject4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s ,note ,! total numb] ( coyotes 9 ! table on page #aj 0 *ang$ to mat* ! sum ( ! numb]s 9 ! table4