,! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,john ,) ,notes ,critical & ,explanatory ,by ! ,rev4 ,joseph ,mac,rory1 ,d4,d4 ,pr(essor ( ,sacr$ ,scripture & ,hebrew1 ,maynoo? ,college 1 1 4,/4 ,john1 xx4 #ca4 ,br[ne ,nolan1 ,limit$ ,dubl9 #ahig ,,cont5ts ,preface4 ,introduction4 ,i4--,au!nticity ,( ,! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,a4--,ext]nal ,evid5ce4 ,b4--,int]nal ,evid5ce4 ,,ii4--,au?or4 ,,iii4--,= ,:om ,writt51 ,& ,) ,:at ,object4 ,,iv4--,outl9e ,( ,! ,plan ,( ,! ,gospel4 ,v4--,"t ,& ,place ,( ,writ+4 ,,vi4--,integrity4 ,,vii4--,language4 ,,viii4--,*ri/'s ,disc\rses ,9 ,! ,gospel4 ,,ix4--,errors ,combat$ ,9 ,! ,gospel4 ,*apt] ,i4 ,*apt] ,,ii4 ,*apt] ,,iii4 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,*apt] ,v4 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,au!nticity ( ,john vii4 #ecviii4 #aa4 ,evid5ce aga9/ ,au!nticity4 ,evid5ce 9 fav\r ( ,au!nticity4 ,conclusion4 ,text4 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,*apt] ,x4 ,*apt] ,,xi4 ,*apt] ,,xii4 ,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,*apt] ,,xv4 ,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,*apt] ,,xix4 ,*apt] ,,xx4 ,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,footnotes ,cov] ,art ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,! above cov] image 0 produc$ by ! submitt] at ,di/ribut$ ,pro(read]s1 & is be+ plac$ into ! public doma94 ,nihil ,ob/at4 ,,gualt]us ,,macdonald1 ,d4,d41 ,c5sor ,!olog4 ,deputat4 ,,imprimatur4 ,gulielmus1 ,ar*iep4 ,dubl9541 ,hib]niae ,primas4 ,,preface4 ,x may be well to /ate briefly ! object & plan ( ! pres5t "w4 ,"s ye>s ago _! ,lord%ips ! ,ar*bi%ops & ,bi%ops ( ,irel& decid$ to l5g!n consid]ably ! c\rse ( ,sacr$ ,scripture read 9 ?is ,college4 ,z a result ( _! decision1 all our /ud5ts are n[ expect$ to read ! :ole ( ! ,new ,te/am5t ) ! exception ( ! ,apocalypse1 toge!r ) portions ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,?is *ange1 :ile x has ! desirable advantage ( famili>iz+ our /ud5ts ) a l>g] portion ( ! ,sacr$ ,text1 obvi\sly r5d]s x impossible t s mu* "t z =m]ly %\ld be devot$ to ! /udy ( any "o portion4 ,! consequ5ce ( ?is is t x is n[ impossible = any b ! v able/ /ud5ts to f9d "t to read ! long] comm5t>ies1 su* z ^? ( ,maldonatus1 ,e/ius1 & ,a ,lapide4 ,i 0 n long1 !re=e1 9 *>ge ( ! ,class ( ,sacr$ ,scripture1 :5 ,i became conv9c$ t x w\ld be useful1 if n necess>y1 to provide ! /ud5ts ) a m comp5di\s exposition ( ! portions ( ,scripture t !y are expect$ to /udy4 ,) ?is object 9 view1 ,i h n attempt$1 9 ! pres5t "w1 to give an exhau/ive comm5t>y on ! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,su* an attempt1 inde$1 w\ld h fru/rat$ my object4 ,i h tri$ r1 :ile omitt+ no?+ ( importance1 to introduce no?+ unnecess>y1 & to obs]ve ?r\gh\t ! utmo/ consi/5t brevity4 ,i am prep>$ to he> t "s w consid] ,i h pass$ too lightly ov] ! easi] portions ( ! ,gospel4 ,i c only say1 9 reply1 t :at ,i h done1 has be5 done delib]ately4 ,:]e ! mean+ ( ,god's ^w is suffici5tly cle>1 ,i consid] t x ought to be left to ! ex]cise ( ! /ud5t's intellig5ce to f9d x1 & ,i am /rongly ( op9ion t 9 su* cases a comm5tator may well be excus$ f int]pos+ 8 rem>ks betwe5 ! read] & ! ,sacr$ ,text4 ,x might seem t ! able & le>n$ comm5t>y ( ,dr4 ,mac,evilly--! only ,ca?olic comm5t>y hi!rto exi/+ on ?is ,gospel 9 ! ,engli% language--w\ld r5d] su* a "w z ! pres5t unnecess>y4 ,b ! l5g? ( ,8 ,grace's "w1 l ! works ( ,maldonatus1 ,e/ius1 & ,a ,lapide1 r5d]s x n :olly adapt$ to ! pres5t conditions ( our /ud5ts4 ,besides1 anyone acqua9t$ ) ! "w ( a pr(essor w readily realize h[ important x is1 & h[ desirable1 :5 possible1 t /ud5ts %\ld possess 9 h&y & p]man5t =m ! pr(essor's views4 ,no two m5 w ?9k alike on all ! difficult & intricate que/ions aris+ out ( ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,john2 & :ile ,i %\ld feel x my duty1 if lectur+ on ! "w ( ano!r1 to impose ^u ! /ud5ts ( my class ! necessity ( tak+ notes1 ,i h hope t ! pres5t "w w to a l>ge ext5t obviate su* a necessity4 ,8 ,grace's "w w1 no d\bt1 cont9ue to be us$ by _m ( our /ud5ts 9 pref]5ce to m9e1 & ) all ( !m x w /ill hold its place z a useful book ( ref]5ce4 ,! ,lat9 ,text t ,i h foll[$ is a repr9t f ! ,lat9 ,vulgate publi%$ at ,tur9 9 #ahhc3 ,biblia ,sacra ,vulgatae ,editionis1 ,sixti ,v4 ,pontificis ,maximi jussu recognita1 et ,clem5tis ,,viii4 auctoritate edita4 ,editio em5datissima1 ,indicis ,congregationis decreto probata1 et it]um hoc anno evulgata4 ,augu/ae ,taur9orum1 typis ,hyac9?i ,m>ietti1 ,,mdccclxxxiii4 ,9 only "o in/ance is !re a consci\s dep>ture f ?is edition1 & t is 9 v]ses #c & #d ( ! fir/ *apt]1 :]e ,i h return$ to ! orig9al punctuation ( ! ,clem5t9e ,edition4 ,! ,engli% ,text is f ! ,rhemi% ,new ,te/am5t approv$ by ,c>d9al ,wiseman1 & publi%$ by ,burns & ,oates1 ,limit$4 ,,maynoo? ,,college1 ,asc5sion ,?ursday1 #ahig4 ,,introduction4 ,i4--,au!nticity ,( ,! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,t ,/4 ,john ! ,apo/le is also an ,evangeli/1 & au?or ( ! f\r? ,gospel1 has be5 ! all b unanim\s te/imony ( tradition4 ,if we except ! ,alogi 7,/4 ,epiph41 ,ha]41 li4 #c1 #d71 h]etics ( ! second c5tury1 :o d5i$ ! ,johann9e au?or%ip1 n on hi/orical1 b on dogmatic gr\nds1 ! au!nticity ( ! ,gospel 0 unque/ion$ d[n to ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,s9ce t "t1 h[ev]1 x has be5 frequ5tly & v>i\sly attack$ by ! scall$ ,rationali/s1 ^: _m views 9 reg>d to x may be r$uc$ to "o or o!r ( ! ?ree foll[+ !ories3-- #a4 ,! patrons ( :at is sometimes call$ ! 8p>tition !ory0 hold t1 ?\gh ! "w z a :ole _c be said to be ,/4 ,john's1 /ill consid]able portions ( x are 84 ,ab\t ! ext5t ( ^! portions !y diff]4 ,weisse1 :o1 9 ! ye> #ahch1 fir/ gave prom95ce to ?is !ory1 held t ! disc\rses attribut$ to ,*ri/ 9 ! ,gospel are /udies f ! p5 ( ,/4 ,john1 repres5t+ :at he consid]$ to be ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/2 & t ,/4 ,john's disciples aft]w>ds set ^! disc\rses 9 _! pres5t hi/orical framework1 & ?us produc$ ! ,gospel4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 admit t "s portions ( ! n>rative1 z well z ! disc\rses1 are ! "w ( ,/4 ,john4 #b4 ,! ,gospel is 9 no "p ! "w ( ,/4 ,john2 /ill ! hi/orical portions conta9 valuable traditions d]iv$ f t ,apo/le4 ,r5an1 :o holds ?is view1 says3--8,! f\r? ,gospel is n ! "w ( ! ,apo/le ,john4 ,x 0 attribut$ to him by "o ( 8 disciples1 ab\t ! ye> #ajj4 ,! disc\rses are almo/ :olly fictiti\s2 b ! n>rative portions conta9 valuable traditions1 :i* rea* back 9 "p to ! ,apo/le ,john407#a7 #c4 ,?is1 l ! prec$+ !ory1 d5ies ! ,johann9e au?or%ip2 b x goes f>!r ?an ! prec$+1 9 d5y+ to our ,gospel any hi/orical value4 ,accord+ to ?is !ory1 n only are ! disc\rses spuri\s1 b ! hi/orical portions are :olly unreliable1 & ! ,gospel 0 =g$ 9 ! latt] half ( ! second c5tury4 ,s ,baur & _m o!rs4 ,aga9/ ^! v>i\s adv]s>ies !re is abundant evid5ce1 ext]nal & int]nal1 9 fav\r ( ! au!nticity ( our ,gospel4 ,a4--,ext]nal ,evid5ce47#b7 #a4 ,! 99,apo/olic ,fa!rs99 d n1 inde$1 quote our ,gospel z ! "w ( ,/4 ,john1 = x 0 n _! cu/om to "n ! au?or f :om !y quot$2 b passages are met ) 9 ! works ( ^! fa!rs :i* are v probably f\nd$ ^u passages 9 our ,gospel4 ,comp>e1 = in/ance1 ) ,john xxi4 #bj1 ! words ( ,/4 ,clem5t ( ,rome 7 #aja73--8;,john also1 :o lean$ ^u ! bosom ( our ,"l1 :om ! ,"l lov$ exce$+ly0 7,epis4 #a ,de ,virg91 c4 #f72 or ) ,john iii4 #h1 ! words ( ,/4 ,ignatius ( ,antio* 7 #ajg73--8,! ,_s1 s9ce ,he is born ( ,god1 is n deceiv$1 = ,he kn[e? :5ce ,he come? & :i!r ,he goe?0 7,ad4 ,philad4 #g74 ,x w\ld be easy to multiply in/ances ( ?is k9d27#c7 b1 z su* co9cid5ces are always m or less inconclusive1 x is m important to note "h t ,papias & ,polyc>p1 two disciples ( ,/4 ,john1 indirectly support ! claim ( ! f\r? ,gospel to au!nticity4 ,= x is c]ta9 t bo? ^! writ]s accept$ ! ,fir/ ,epi/le ( ,/4 ,john z 847#d7 ,n[1 s great is ! simil>ity ( /yle betwe5 our ,gospel & t ,epi/le1 & s close ! relation betwe5 ! two1 t we are ju/ifi$ 9 conclud+1 ) ,cornely 7,introd4 iii4 #ei1 #c71 t ,papias & ,polyc>p1 admitt+ ! "o1 probably admitt$ also ! o!r to be ! "w ( ,/4 ,john4 ,ev5 ,r5an admits t 8,! two writ+s (f] ! mo/ complete id5tity ( /yle1 ! same t]ms1 ! same fav\rite expressions40 ,inde$ we h n[ ! direct te/imony ( ,papias 9 a fragm5t ( 8 r rec5tly discov]$3 8,quant au sil5ce de ,papias il n'e/ plus possible d'en tir] un argum5t contre le quatrime ,evangile4 ,un n\veau fragm5t de l'vque d',hi]opolis1 cit p> ,?omasius 7i4 #cdd7 444 temoigne qu'il connaissait l'uvre de l',apotre0 7,didon--,jesus ,*ri/1 ,introd4 xxviii474 #b4 ,! 99,fa!rs ( ! second c5tury99 7 ?or\ghly acqua9t$ ) our ,gospel1 & "s ( !m ref] to x z ! "w ( ,/4 ,john4 ,?us1 :5 99,ju/9 ,m>tyr99 7 #afg71 9 prov+ ! necessity ( ,baptism 7,apol4 i4 #fa71 says3 8,= ,*ri/ said3 #8,unless y be born aga91 y %all n ent] into ! k+dom ( heav54' ,n[ t ^? born once _c ent] aga9 into ! wombs ( _! mo!rs1 is cle> to all10 !re c h>dly be a d\bt t he _h be=e 8 m9d ,john iii4 #c1 #d4 ,aga91 99,tatian991 a disciple ( ,/4 ,ju/91 actually wrote a ,h>mony ( ! ,f\r ,gospels1 kn[n z ,tatian's ,diatess>on1 :i* comm5c$ ) ! op5+ words ( our ,gospel3 8,9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! ,^w407#e7 ,! 99,muratorian ,fragm5t991 :i* conta9s a li/ ( canonical books1 made n lat] ?an #agj ,a4,d41 says3 8,john1 "o ( ! disciples1 7is ! au?or7 ( ! f\r? ,gospel40 99,!ophilus99 ( ,antio* 7 #ahf71 :o 0 ! six? successor to ,/4 ,pet] 9 ! see ( ,antio*1 says3--8,^! ?+s we are taught by ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures1 & by all inspir$ by ! ,holy ,gho/1 ( :om ,john says3 #8,9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! ,^w1' 0 c4 ,f9ally1 99,ir5u99 7 #bjb71 :o 0 ,bi%op ( ,lyons 9 ,gaul1 f ab\t ! ye> #ahj1 & :o wrote 8 "w1 ,aga9/ ,h]esies1 probably betwe5 #ahj & #aij ,a4,d41 says3--8,aft]w>ds ,john1 a disciple ( ! ,"l1 :o recl9$ ^u ,8 brea/1 also wrote a ,gospel40 ,?is te/imony ( ,ir5u is ( v special importance2 =1 besides be+ a native ( ,asia ,m9or1 & a bi%op 9 ,gaul1 & ?us repres5t+ 9 himself ! traditions ( bo? c\ntries1 he 0 moreov] a disciple ( ,polyc>p1 :o 0 himself a disciple ( ,/4 ,john1 s t no "o _h bett] opportunities ?an ,ir5u ( le>n+ ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! ,apo/le4 ,inde$1 s well 0 our ,gospel kn[n1 & its au?ority recognis$ 9 ! second c5tury1 t ev5 ! h]etics ( ! "t s\ght ! sanction ( its au?ority = _! errors4 8,!y use t :i* is accord+ to ,john10 says ,ir5u1 speak+ ( ! ,val5t9ian h]etics ( ! second c5tury 7,ir541 ,ha]41 iii4 #aa4 #g74 #c4 ,we ab/a9 f quot+ ,fa!rs ( ! 99?ird c5tury991 because x is n d5i$ t !y knew our ,gospel1 & ackn[l$g$ ,/4 ,john to be ! au?or4 ,ev5 ,/rauss 7,leb5 ,jesu1 #aj1 p4 #dg7 says3 8,x is c]ta9 t t[>ds ! end ( ! second c5tury1 ! same f\r ,gospels :i* we h /ill1 are f\nd recognis$ 9 ! ,*ur*1 & are repeat$ly quot$ z ! writ+s ( ! ,apo/les1 & disciples ( ! ,apo/les1 ^: names !y be>1 by ! ?ree mo/ em95t ecclesia/ical tea*]s--,ir5u1 9 ,gaul2 ,clem5t1 9 ,alex&ria2 & ,t]tullian1 9 ,c>?age40 ,x is und5iable !n t be=e ! close ( ! second c5tury1 ! f\r? ,gospel 0 ev]y:]e 9 ! ,*ur* receiv$ z ! g5u9e "w ( ,/4 ,john4 ,?is1 we hold1 proves t x mu/ be inde$ 8 "w4 ,= he liv$ on till ! end ( ! fir/ c5tury2 8 disciples till ! middle1 & _! disciples till ! end1 ( ! second c5tury4 ,is x possible !n t a spuri\s "w1 produc$ by "s =g] 9 ! second c5tury1 c\ld h be5 ev]y:]e s soon receiv$ & recognis$ z ! "w ( ! ,apo/le8 ,b4--,int]nal ,evid5ce4 #a4 ,! au?or himself tells u 7xxi4 #bj1 #bd71 t he is 8! disciple :om ,jesus lov$1 :o also lean$ on ,8 brea/ at supp]40 ,n[ accord+ to all ! fa!rs1 8! disciple :om ,jesus lov$10 c41 0 ,/4 ,john4 ,moreov]1 ! ?ree mo/ fav\r$ disciples 7 ,pet]1 ,james1 & ,john4 ,!y alone 7 p]mitt$ to be pres5t at ! rais+ to life ( ! daught] ( ,jairus 7,m>k v4 #cg71 at ! transfiguration 7,matt4 xvii4 #a71 & at ! agony 9 ! g>d5 7,matt4 xxvi4 #cg74 ,b ,pet] _c be ! writ] ( our ,gospel1 f :om he is explicitly di/+ui%$ 7,john xxi4 #bj72 nor ,james ! ,great]1 =1 9 ! op9ion ( all1 he _h be5 behead$ by ,h]od ,agrippa ,i4 7,acts xii4 #b7 _m ye>s be=e our ,gospel 0 writt54 ,x rema9s !n t ! writ] mu/ be ,/4 ,john4 ,nor does ?is argum5t lose its =ce1 ev5 ?\gh we admit t ! la/ two v]ses ( our ,gospel 7,john xxi4 #bd1 #be7 7 n writt5 by ,/4 ,john4 ,= s9ce !y h /ood 9 ! ,gospel f ! beg9n+1 !y mu/ at lea/ be ! evid5ce ( a contempor>y2 s t we h "h ei!r an int]nal argum5t or ano!r p[]ful ext]nal "o 9 fav\r ( ! ,johann9e au?or%ip4 #b4 ,:ile ! ,apo/le ,john plays an important "p 9 ! o!r ,gospels1 he is n nam$ ev5 once 9 ! f\r? ,gospel4 ,if we _h only x1 we %\ld n "k t !re 0 an ,apo/le ( t "n4 ,! fair inf]5ce !n is1 t he himself be+ ! writ]1 suppress$ 8 own "n ?r\gh mode/y4 ,moreov]1 :ile ! o!r ,evangeli/s are accu/om$1 :5 !y speak ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 to di/+ui% him f ,john ! ,apo/le1 our au?or1 aga9 ?r\gh mode/y1 ignores ! ,apo/le1 & ref]s n9ete5 diff]5t times to ! ,bapti/ z ,john )\t any di/+ui%+ appellative4 #c4 ,! /yle is j su* z we %\ld expect f ,/4 ,john2 ! ,greek pur] ?an t ( ! o!r ,gospels1 because ( ! au?or's long soj\rn 9 ,asia ,m9or1 yet n unt+$ by ,hebraisms because ( 8 e>li] life sp5t 9 ,pale/9e4 #d4 ,! :ole ,gospel po9ts to its au?or z "o :o 0 intimately acqua9t$ ) ,pale/9e & its cu/oms1 & :o _h liv$ & mov$ among ! ev5ts he describes47#f7 ,?us ! j\rney f ,cana to ,caph>naum is rightly describ$ z a desc5t 7,john iv4 #dg1 #ea72 ! au?or is acqua9t$ ) ! pools ( ,be?saida & ,siloe at ,j]usalem 7,john v4 #b1 ix4 #g71 ) ! position ( ! brook ( ,c$ron 9 relation to ,j]usalem & ! ,m\nt ( ,olives 7,john xviii4 #a71 & ) ! di/ance ( ,be?any f ! ,holy ,city 7xi4 #ah74 ,among ,jewi% cu/oms he ref]s to ! mann] ( purification be=e meals 7,john ii4 #f71 & to _! avoidance ( int]c\rse ) ,sam>itans 7iv4 #i71 & h9ts at ! objection ( _! tea*]s to speak publicly ) wom5 7,john iv4 #bg74 ,he %[s1 too1 t he is famili>1 n m]ely ) ,jewi% fe/ivals1 b also ) _! peculi> solemnities 7,john vii4 #b1 #cg71 & ! "t ( _! occurr5ce 7x4 #bb74 ,f9ally1 he decl>es himself an eyewitness1 z well :]e he says3--8,! ,^w 0 made fle%1 & dwelt among u1 & we saw ,8 glory0 7,john i4 #ad71 z :]e he tells u1 8,he t saw x1 ha? giv5 te/imony 444 & he kn[e? t he sai? true0 7,john xix4 #ce74 ,,ii4--,au?or4 ,/4 ,john1 ,apo/le1 ,evangeli/1 prophet1 & m>tyr1 0 born 9 ,galilee1 ! son ( ,zeb$ee1 a fi%]man ( "s means1 & ,salome1 "o ( ^? holy wom5 :o m9i/]$ to our ,"l dur+ ,8 public life1 & /ood by ,8 cross on ,calv>y 7,m>k i4 #bj2 ,matt4 iv4 #ba1 xxvii4 #ef2 ,m>k xv4 #dj1 xvi4 #a74 ,be=e 8 call by ,jesus1 ,john 0 probably a disciple ( ! ,bapti/1 & x is extremely likely t he 0 "o ( ! two :o at ! prea*+ ( _! ,ma/] fir/ believ$ 9 ,*ri/ 7,john i4 #cg1 & foll474 ,call$ ) 8 bro!r ,james1 imm$iately aft] ,pet] & ,&rew 7,matt4 iv4 #ah1 #ai1 #ba71 he left all ?+s to foll[ ,*ri/1 & became ! be/ belov$ ( all ! disciples4 ,) ,pet] & 8 own bro!r ,james he 0 p]mitt$ to witness ! rais+ to life ( ! daught] ( ,jairus1 & to be pres5t at ! transfiguration on ,?abor1 & ! agony 9 ,ge?semane 7,m>k v4 #bg2 ,matt4 xvii4 #a2 ,matt4 xxvi4 #cg74 ,he 0 privileg$ to recl9e on 8 ,ma/]'s bosom at ! ,la/ ,supp] 7,john xviii4 #bc71 & to him alone 0 giv5 f ! cross ! bless$ tru/ ( provid+ = ! ,"m ( ,god 7,john xix4 #bg74 ,nor did he fail to return love = love4 ,:5 ! ,apo/les fl$ 9 t]ror f ,ge?semane 7,m>k xiv4 #ej71 ,pet] & ,john foll[$ ,jesus into ! c\rt ( ! ,highprie/ 7,john xviii4 #ae72 & at ! la/ tragic sc5e on ,calv>y1 our ,evangeli/1 brave ) ! c\rage begott5 ( love1 0 /ill close to 8 ,ma/] 7,john xix4 #bf74 ,aft] ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 ,/4 ,john1 ) ,/4 ,pet]1 took a lead+ "p 9 e/abli%+ ! ,*ur*4 ,he & ,pet] 7 ! fir/ to suff] imprisonm5t = prea*+ ! fai? ( ,*ri/ 7,acts iv4 #b1 #c72 &1 aga9 9 company ) ,pet]1 he 0 *os5 to g d[n f ,j]usalem1 & conf] ! ,sacram5t ( ,confirmation on ! conv]t$ ,sam>itans4 ,h[ long he rema9$ 9 ,pale/9e1 we _c say ) c]ta9ty4 ,:5 ,/4 ,paul w5t up to ! ,c\ncil ( ,j]usalem1 9 #dg ,a4,d417#g7 he f\nd ,/4 ,john !re2 b :e!r our ,apo/le _h himself gone up specially to ! ,c\ncil1 or _h hi!rto conf9$ 8 prea*+ to ,pale/9e1 x seems impossible to say1 = ,/4 ,pet] 0 !re too1 ?\gh he _h be5 already ,bi%op ( ,antio*1 & 0 !n ,bi%op ( ,rome4 ,9 addition to ! prec$+ facts glean$ f ! ,new ,te/am5t1 we le>n f tradition t ! sa9t rema9$ 9 ,j]usalem till aft] ! ,bless$ ,virg9's dea? 7,niceph41 ,h4 ,e41 ii4 #db72 t he subsequ5tly prea*$ 9 ,asia ,m9or1 &1 probably aft] ! m>tyrdom ( ,/4 ,paul 7#fg ,a4,d471 settl$ at ,ephesus 7,orig51 apud4 ,euseb41 ,h4 ,e41 iii4 #a74 ,9 ! reign ( ,domitian 7#haif ,a4,d47 he 0 tak5 to ,rome1 & ?r[n into a cauldron ( boil+ oil1 f :i* he came =? unhurt 7,t]tull41 ,de ,praescr4 #cf747h7 ,he 0 !n bani%$ to ! isl& ( ,patmos1 9 ! ,aegean ,sea1 :]e he wrote ! ,apocalypse2 0 lib]at$ on ! accession ( ,n]va 7#ifih ,a4,d471 & all[$ to return to ,ephesus1 :]e he liv$ to an extreme old age1 & di$ 9 ! sixtyeigh? ye> aft] our ,"l's ,passion 7,j]41 ,adv]s4 ,jov91 i4 #ad71 i4e41 ab\t #aja ( ! ,dionysian era4 ,,iii4--,= ,:om ,writt51 ,& ,) ,:at ,object4 ,/4 ,j]ome tells u t ! f\r? ,gospel 0 writt5 = ! ,*ri/ians ( ,asia ,m9or1 & at _! reque/47#i7 ,! object or scope ( ! ,gospel 0 ?reefold3-- #a4 ,to prove t ,jesus 0 ! ,son ( ,god made man1 & t all sup]natural life mu/ come to u ?r\gh fai? 9 ,8 "n4 ,h5ce he tells u 9 ! v beg9n+ t 8! ,^w 0 ,god 444 & ! ,^w 0 made fle%1 & dwelt among/ u0 7,john i4 #ad72 & 9 xx4 #ca3 8,b ^! are writt5 t y may believe t ,jesus is ! ,*ri/ ! ,son ( ,god1 & t believ+ y may h life 9 ,8 "n40 #b4 ,z connect$ ) ! prec$+1 indirectly to refute ! h]esies ( ! ,c]9?ians1 ,ebionites1 & ,nicolaites17#aj7 all ( :om err$ 9 reg>d to ei!r ! ,div9ity or humanity ( ,*ri/4 ,see bel[ ,,ix41 & ,cornely1 iii41 #fd4 #c4 ,to supplem5t ! ?ree ,synoptic ,gospels4 ,s ne>ly all ! fa!rs4 ,&1 inde$1 x is p]fectly evid5t t an ,evangeli/ :o is entirely sil5t reg>d+ ! bir?1 infancy1 & *ildhood ( our ,"l1 & :o introduces ,him abruptly to ! read] at ! beg9n+ ( ,8 public life1 _c h meant to write a complete life ( ,*ri/4 ,& s9ce ,/4 ,john wrote _m ye>s aft] ! o!r ,evangeli/s1 x is n surpris+ to f9d t 8 "w p>takes m ( a supplem5tal "* ?an any ( ! ,synoptic ,gospels4 ,,iv4--,outl9e ,( ,! ,plan ,( ,! ,gospel4 ,:at has j be5 said reg>d+ ! object ( ! ,gospel w enable u to =m a g5]al conception ( its plan4 ,x mu/ be c>efully borne 9 m9d t ,/4 ,john did n int5d to write a ,life ( ,*ri/1 nor to give a g5]al view ( ,8 tea*+1 nor to compile a "w on ! g5]al hi/ory ( 8 own times4 ,8 ma9 object 0 to prove t ,jesus ( ,naz>e? 0 ! ,son ( ,god2 & ! v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,gospel are c>efully dispos$ ) a view to ?is end4 ,out ( ! va/ mass ( mat]ials at 8 disposal 7xxi4 #be2 xx4 #cj7 he selects su* incid5ts1 su* miracles & disc\rses ( our ,"l1 z are be/ suit$ to ! atta9m5t ( ?is special purpose4 ,9 accordance ) ?is view1 we subjo9 a brief outl9e ( ! plan ( ! ,gospel4 ,i4 #aah4 99,! ,prologue499 ,! ,^w 9 ,8 absolute1 et]nal ,be+2 9 ,8 relation to creation g5]ally1 & to ! spiritual enlight5m5t & sanctification ( man2 ,8 inc>nation4 ,i4 #ai,,xxi4 #bc4 ,! ,n>rative1 :i* divides itself naturally into two p>ts3-- 7a7 ,i4 #ai,,xii4 #ej4 ,manife/ation ( ,*ri/'s ,div9ity 9 ,8 ,public ,life-- ,by ! te/imony ( ! ,bapti/4 ,by ! te/imony ( ,8 disciples4 ,by ! te/imony ( ,8 miracles4 ,by ! te/imony ( ,8 disc\rses4 7b7 ,,xiii4 #a,,xxi4 #bc4 ,manife/ation ( ,*ri/'s ,div9ity 9 ,8 la/ disc\rses1 & 9 ,8 passion1 dea?1 resurrection1 & ris5 life4 ,,xxi4 #bd1 #be4 99,! ,epilogue991 9 :i* ! belov$ disciple te/ifies t he is ! au?or ( ! ,gospel1 & t :at he has writt5 is true1 ?\gh incomplete4 ,v4--,"t ,& ,place ,( ,writ+4 ,! exact date ( our ,gospel is unc]ta94 ,"o ?+ is absolutely c]ta93 t x 0 writt5 aft] ! o!r ?ree ,gospels4 ,"s h plac$ x almo/ z e>ly z #gj ,a4,d42 b ! weight ( evid5ce1 ext]nal & int]nal1 places x 9 ! la/ decade ( ! fir/ c5tury1 t is to say1 betwe5 #ij & #ajj ,a4,d4 ,!re is great d\bt1 too1 z to ! place :]e x 0 writt54 ,ir5u di/9ctly /ates t x 0 writt5 at ,ephesus17#aa7 & _m ( ! fa!rs are ( ! same op9ion4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a l>ge numb] ( anci5t writ]s hold1 t1 l ! ,apocalypse1 x 0 writt5 9 ,patmos4 ,see ,patrizzi1 lib4 i41 cap4 iv41 #hf1 :o himself incl9es to ! latt] view4 ,,vi4--,integrity4 ,) ! exception ( ?ree passages3 v4 #d1 vii4 #ecviii4 #aa1 & ! :ole ( ! la/ *apt]1 :i* h be5 attack$ z int]polations1 ! integrity ( ! f\r? ,gospel has n be5 s]i\sly que/ion$4 ,^! passages we %all exam9e z !y occur1 & !re discuss ! "q ( _! au!nticity4 ,,vii4--,language4 ,x is c]ta9 t ,/4 ,john wrote 9 ,greek4 ,su* has be5 ! op9ion ( all writ]s1 & x is prov$ by ! fact t he wrote = ! ,*ri/ians ( ,asia ,m9or1 ^: language we "k 0 ,greek4 ,,viii4--,*ri/'s ,disc\rses ,9 ,! ,gospel4 ,/4 ,john's ,gospel has ?is peculi>ity1 t x is made up1 9 great "p1 ( ,*ri/'s disc\rses4 ,judg+ f ! att5tion :i* ! ,evangeli/ seems to pay to ! ord] ( "t1 we feel sure t ^! disc\rses are report$ 9 ! *ronological ord] 9 :i* !y 7 deliv]$4 ,b are !y report$ 9 ! v words us$ by ,*ri/8 ,we feel conv9c$ t !y are n4 ,! important heads ( doctr9e1 su* z iii4 #c1 #e1 be>+ on baptism2 or vi4 #dh1 #eb1 reg>d+ ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 are1 d\btless1 report$ 9 almo/7#ab7 ! exact words ( our ,"l4 ,b ! disc\rses g5]ally we believe to be report$ m]ely 9 sub/ance4 ,= ?is 0 suffici5t = ! ,evangeli/'s purpose2 &1 !re=e1 we h no reason to suppose a miracul\s assi/ance :i* w\ld enable him to rememb] e ^w4 ,no d\bt ! ,evangeli/ _h ! assi/ance ( inspiration2 b ! ,ca?olic view ( inspiration w>rants u 9 believ+ t 9 g5]al ! ideas only1 & n ! words1 7 inspir$4 ,we ?us get rid ( ! ,rationali/ difficulty t ! disc\rses mu/ be fictiti\s1 because1 !y say1 no human memory c\ld reta9 su* long disc\rses = m ?an half a c5tury4 ,= 9 our view x is only ! sub/ance ( ! disc\rses t is h&$ d[n1 &1 ev5 if we ab/ract$ altoge!r f ! assi/ance giv5 him by inspiration1 x is n difficult to believe t ! "y & ret5tive m9d ( a lov+ disciple w\ld treasure up & reta9 ! sub/ance ( 8 ,div9e ,ma/]'s disc\rses1 aid$ z x mu/ h be5 by ! fact t ^! disc\rses1 besides be+ ! food ( 8 daily m$itation1 7 d\btless aga9 & aga9 repeat$ 9 8 apo/olic prea*+4 ,,ix4--,errors ,combat$ ,9 ,! ,gospel4 ,!re is n "o ( all ! _m h]esies t h aris5 reg>d+ ! ,p]son & natures ( ,jesus ,*ri/ t may n be refut$ f ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,john4 ,we int5d1 h[ev]1 to speak "h only ( ^? errors :i* _h already aris5 9 ! "t ( ! ,evangeli/1 & aga9/ :i*1 !re=e1 8 ,gospel 0 imm$iately direct$4 ,:at ^! 7 we le>n f ,,ss4 ,ir5u & ,j]ome4 ,! =m] di/9ctly says t our ,gospel 0 direct$ aga9/ ! errors ( 99,c]9?us991 & ( 8^? :o are call$ 99,nicolaites990 7see above1 ,,iii4 #b1 note72 :ile ! latt] says t x 0 direct$ aga9/ 99,c]9?us991 & 99o!r h]etics1 especially ! ,ebionites9947#ac7 ,x is important = u1 !n1 9 approa*+ ! /udy ( ?is ,gospel to und]/& :at 0 ! nature ( ^! errors aga9/ :i* x 0 direct$4 99,c]9?us991 ?\gh pr(ess+ belief 9 a ,supreme ,be+1 held t ! _w 0 n made by ,him1 b by an inf]ior p[] 7virtus7 di/9ct f ,him1 & ignorant ( ,him4 7#b7 ,t ,jesus 0 n born ( a ,virg91 b ! *ild ( ,joseph & ,m>y1 born accord+ to ! ord9>y c\rse ( nature4 7#c7 ,t ,*ri/ 7! ,^w7 0 q di/9ct f ,jesus2 t1 h[ev]1 ,he _h desc5d$ ^u ,jesus imm$iately aft] ! latt]'s baptism1 & rema9$ ) ,him fill+ ,8 s\l till %ortly be=e ! ,passion2 t !n ,*ri/ dep>t$ f ,jesus1 :o suff]$ & di$ a m]e man1 :ile ,*ri/ suff]$ no?+1 be+ inde$ entirely spiritual & impassible47#ad7 ,! 99,ebionites991 unlike ! ,c]9?ians1 admitt$ t ! _w 0 creat$ by ,god1 b1 l !m1 d5i$ t ,*ri/ 0 any?+ b a m]e man4 ,!y scrupul\sly obs]v$ ! ,mosaic ,law1 :i* !y held to be obligatory1 by ! obs]vance ( :i* ,jesus _h m]it$ to be call$ ,*ri/1 & ?r\gh :i* e man 0 able to become a ,*ri/47#ae7 ,ab\t ! doctr9e ( ! 99,nicolaites991 :i* !y claim$ to h d]iv$ f ,nicolas ! ,deacon 7,acts vi4 #e71 we "k no?+ def9ite2 b x is g5]ally held t x 0 ak9 to t ( ! ,c]9?ians & ,ebionites4 ,among ! 8o!r h]etics0 allud$ to by ,/4 ,j]ome 9 ! passage cit$ above 71 d\btless1 ! 99,simonians99 7foll[]s ( ,simon ,magus1 ,acts viii4 #i1 & foll471 & ! 99,docetae994 ,! 99,simonians99 agre$ ) ! ,c]9?ians 9 d5y+ t ! _w 0 made by ,god1 & t ,jesus 0 ,god1 & ,/4 ,ir5u speaks ( !m z ! orig9ators ( ! ,gno/ic h]esy4 8,simoniani a quibus falsi nom9is sci5tia accepit initia40 7,adv4 ,ha]41 i4 xxxiii4 #d47 ,! 99,docetae99 7 to seem7 held t ,*ri/ _h only ! appe>ance ( a human body2 & h5ce1 t ,8 suff]+s & dea? 7 n real1 b app>5t4 ,,*apt] ,i4 #aah4 99,! prologue99799#af99799 decl>es ! ,^w's et]nity1 di/9ct p]sonality1 & ess5tial unity ) ,god2 ,8 relations ) creation g5]ally1 & ) man 9 p>ticul>2 ,8 inc>nation1 & ! fulness ( grace1 & p]fection ( revelation atta9$ ?r\gh ,him499 #aicd4 99,"s ( ! ,bapti/'s te/imonies to ,*ri/499 #ceea4 99,circum/ances 9 :i* ,*ri/'s fir/ disciples 7 call$499 #a4 ,9 pr9cipio erat ,v]bum1 #a4 ,9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! et ,v]bum erat apud ,deum1 et ,^w1 & ! ,^w 0 ) ,deus erat ,v]bum4 ,god1 & ! ,^w 0 ,god4 #a4 99,9 ! beg9n+499 ,^! words mo/ probably mean "h1 z 9 ,g54 i4 #a1 at ! beg9n+ ( all creat$ ?+s2 9 o!r words1 :5 "t began4 ,_! mean+ mu/ always be det]m9$ f ! context4 ,?us we "k f ! context 9 ,acts xi4 #ae1 t ,/4 ,pet] !re uses !m 9 ref]5ce to ! beg9n+ ( ! ,gospel4 ,simil>ly1 ! context "h det]m9es ! ref]5ce to be to ! beg9n+ ( creation2 = ,he :o is "h said to h be5 9 ! beg9n+1 is decl>$ 9 v]se #c to be ! creator ( all ?+s1 & mu/ !re=e h already be5 9 exi/5ce at _! beg9n+4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 h int]pret$ ! words diff]5tly4 ,_m ( ! fa!rs und]/ood !m to mean3 9 ! ,fa!r1 & took ?is fir/ clause ( v4 #a1 z a decl>ation t ! ,^w 0 9 ! ,fa!r4 ,b1 ?\gh x is q true to say t ! ,^w 0 & is 9 ! ,fa!r 7x4 #ch71 bo? be+ consub/antial1 /ill su* does n seem to be ! s5se ( ! phrase be=e u4 ,_h ,/4 ,john meant to /ate ?is1 surely he w\ld h writt53 ,9 ,god1 or1 9 ! ,fa!r1 0 ! ,^w4 ,he names ,god 9 ! next two clauses3 ,& ! ,^w 0 ) ,god1 & ! ,^w 0 ,god4 ,:y !n %\ld he at ! risk ( be+ misund]/ood1 ref] to ,him 9 ?is fir/ clause "u ano!r "n8 ,besides1 if ?is fir/ clause /at$ ! ,^w's consub/antiality ) ! ,fa!r1 ! ?ird clause3 ,& ! ,^w 0 ,god1 w\ld !n be tautological4 ,_m ( ! comm5tators also urge aga9/ ?is view1 t if ! fir/ clause meant1 9 ,god 7or1 9 ! ,fa!r7 0 ! ,^w1 ! second clause w\ld be m]ely a repetition4 ,b we _c ass5t to ?is1 s9ce1 z we %all see1 ! second clause w\ld add ! important /atem5t ( ! ,^w's di/9ct p]sonality4 ,h[ev]1 ! view seems to u improbable = ! o!r reasons already /at$4 ,o!rs take 8beg9n+0 "h to mean et]nity1 s t we %\ld h 9 ?is fir/ clause a direct /atem5t ( ! ,^w's et]nity4 ,b aga9/ ?is is ! fact t 7beg9n+7 n[h]e else be>s ?is mean+1 & c be satisfactorily expla9$ 9 a diff]5t s5se "h4 ,h5ce1 z already expla9$1 89 ! beg9n+0 means3 :5 "t began4 99,099 771 i4e41 0 already 9 exi/5ce4 ,_h ,/4 ,john meant to decl>e t at ! dawn ( creation ! ,^w began to exi/1 he w\ld h us$ z he does 9 v]se #c reg>d+ ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 & aga9 9 v]se #f reg>d+ ! com+ ( ! ,bapti/4 ,?is _c fail to be cle> to anyone :o contra/s v]ses #a1 #b1 #d1 & #i ( ?is *apt] ) v]ses #c1 #f1 & #ad4 ,9 ! =m] is us$ ?r\gh\t 9 ref]5ce to ! et]nal exi/5ce ( ! ,^w27#ag7 9 ! latt] 1 :5 !re is "q ( ! beg9n+ ( creat$ ?+s 7#c71 or ( ! com+ ( ! ,bapti/ 7#f71 or ( ! assumption by ! ,^w ( human nature at ! inc>nation 7#ad74 ,at ! beg9n+ ( creation1 !n1 ! ,^w 0 already 9 exi/5ce2 & h5ce x foll[s t ,he mu/ be uncreat$1 & !re=e et]nal4 ,/4 ,john's /atem5t "h t ! ,^w 0 already 9 exi/5ce 9 ! beg9n+1 is1 accord+ly1 equival5t to our ,"l's claim to h exi/$ be=e ! _w 0 7xvii4 #e71 & 9 bo? in/ances ! ,^w's et]nity1 ?\gh n directly /at$1 foll[s imm$iately4 ,h5ce we f9d t ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice & ! fa!rs g5]ally inf]r$1 aga9/ ! ,arians1 ! et]nity ( ! ,son ( ,god f ?is fir/ clause ( v]se #a4 8,if ,he 0 9 ! beg9n+10 says ,/4 ,basil 7,de ,div41 ,hom4 xvi4 #hb71 8:5 0 ,he n80 99,! ,^w99 7 74 ,/4 ,john "h1 z well z 9 8 ,fir/ ,epi/le 7i4 #a71 & 9 ! ,apocalypse 7xix4 #ac71 designates by ?is t]m ! ,second ,div9e ,p]son4 ,t he speaks ( no m]e ab/raction1 or attribute ( ,god1 b ( a ,be+ :o is a di/9ct ,div9e ,p]son1 is cle>4 ,= ?is 8,^w 0 ) ,god1 0 ,god1 0 made fle%1 & dwelt among/ u10 & 9 ! p]son ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 witness$ to by ! ,bapti/ 7i4 #a1 #ad1 #ae1 #bi1 #cj74 ,outside ! writ+s ( ,/4 ,john !re is no cle>7#ah7 in/ance 9 ei!r ,old or ,new ,te/am5t ( ?is use ( ! t]m 4 ,?r\gh\t ! re/ ( ! ,scriptures its usual mean+ is spee* or ^w4 ,:at1 !n1 we may ask1 l$ our ,evangeli/1 9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 ,gospel1 to apply ?is t]m r ?an ,son1 or ,son ( ,god1 to ! ,second ,div9e ,p]son8 ,:y did he n say3 ,9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! ,son8 ,ap>t f inspiration1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 may h ext5d$ to ! sugge/ion ( an important ^w l ! pres5t1 ap>t also f ! appropriat5ess ( ! t]m1 ( :i* we %all speak 9 a mom5t1 x seems v probable t ,/4 ,john 0 impell$ to use ! t]m because x _h be5 already us$ by ! h]etics ( ! "t 9 ! expression ( _! errors47#ai7 ,end[$1 too1 z ,/4 ,john 01 l ! o!r ,apo/les1 ) a special p[] ( und]/&+ ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures 7,luke xxiv4 #df71 & privileg$ z he _h be5 on _m an occasion to li/5 to ! comm5t>ies ( ,*ri/ ,himself on ! ,old ,te/am5t1 he may h be5 able1 :]e we are n1 to see cle>ly 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t in/ances 9 :i* ref]s to ! ,son ( ,god2 e4g41 8,v]bo 7 7 ,dom9i coeli firmati sunt0 7,psalm xxxii4 #f74 ,"o ?+1 at all ev5ts1 is q pla91 t1 :atev] may be said reg>d+ 8 reason = ! application ( ?is t]m to ! ,son ( ,god1 ,/4 ,john did n borr[ 8 doctr9e reg>d+ ! f ,plato or ,philo or ! ,alex&rian ,s*ool4 ,= ?\gh ! t]m 77 is frequ5tly met ) 9 ! writ+s ( bo? ,plato & ,philo1 yet ,plato nev] speaks ( x z a p]son1 b only z an attribute ( ,god2 & ,philo1 ?\gh 9 our op9ion1 he held ! di/9ct p]sonality ( ! ,^w1 yet d5i$ t he 0 ,god1 or ! creator ( matt]1 :i* latt] ,philo held to be et]nal4 ,z to ! ,alex&rian ,s*ool1 to :i* ,philo belong$1 & ( ^: doctr9es he is ! e>lie/ witness1 !re is n a %ad[ ( f\ndation = say+ t any ( its doctors held ! same doctr9e z ,/4 ,john reg>d+ ! ,div9e ,^w4 ,f ! tea*+ ( ,*ri/1 !n1 or by inspiration1 or 9 bo? ways1 our ,evangeli/ receiv$ ! sublime doctr9e reg>d+ ! ) :i* 8 ,gospel op5s4 ,hav+ n[ inquir$ into ! orig9 ( ! t]m z appli$ to ! ,son ( ,god1 & hav+ le>n$ ! s\rce :5ce ,/4 ,john d]iv$ 8 doctr9e reg>d+ ?is ,div9e ,^w1 let u try to und]/& h[ x is t ! ,son ( ,god c\ld be appropriately ref]r$ to z 99! ,^w99 7 74 ,_m answ]s h be5 giv51 b we w conf9e ourselves to ! "o t seems to u mo/ satisfactory4 ,we believe1 & pr(ess 9 ! ,a?anasian ,cre$ 7,filius a ,patre solo e/ non factus1 nec creatus1 s$ g5itus71 t ! ,son is begott5 by ! ,fa!r2 & x is ! common tea*+ t ,he is begott5 ?r\gh ! ,div9e intellect4 ,n[1 ?is my/]i\s procession ( ! ,son f ! ,fa!r ?r\gh ! intellect1 is impli$ "h 9 ,8 be+ call$ ! ,^w4 ,=1 z our ^w foll[s1 )\t passion or c>nal feel+1 f our ?\ght1 z x is ! reflex ( our ?\ght1 f :i* x detracts no?+1 & :i* x fai?fully repres5ts2 s1 only 9 an inf9itely m p]fect way1 ! ,son ( ,god proce$$1 )\t passion or any c>nal imp]fection1 ?r\gh ! intellect ( ! ,fa!r1 detract+ no?+ f ,him :o begot ,him1 be+ ! image ( ! ,fa!r1 8! figure ( ,8 sub/ance40 7,heb4 i4 #c47 8,v]bum proprie dictum10 says ,/4 ,?omas1 89 ,div9is p]sonalit] accipitur1 et e/ proprium nom5 p]sonae filii1 significat enim quamdam emanationem intellectus4 ,p]sona autem quae proc$it 9 ,div9is secundum emanationem intellectus1 dicitur filius1 et hujusmodi processio dicitur g5]atio0 7,/4 ,?om41 #a ,qu4 #cd1 a4 #b c47 99,& ! ,^w 0 ) ,god99 7 74 "h signifies n motion t[>ds1 b a liv+ union )1 ,god47#bj7 ,god ref]s n to ! ,div9e ,nature1 b to ! ,div9e ,p]son ( ! ,fa!r 7see #a ,john i4 #b72 o!rwise ! ,v]bum w\ld be unnecess>ily & absurdly said "h to be ) ,himself1 s9ce ,he is ! ,div9e ,nature t]m9at$ 9 ! ,second ,p]son4 ,_m comm5tators are ( op9ion t ! use ( 7)71 & n 7971 proves t ! ,v]bum is n a m]e attribute ( ! ,fa!r1 b a di/9ct ,p]son4 ,s ,*rys41 ,cyril1 ,!ophy41 ,a ,lap41 ,patrizzi1 ,m',evilly4 99,& ! ,^w 0 ,god499 ,z our ,engli% v]sion indicates1 99,^w99 is ! subject ( ?is clause1 ,god ! pr$icate1 = 9 ! ,greek has ! article1 wants x2 & besides1 z appe>s f ! :ole context1 ,/4 ,john is decl>+ :at ! ,^w is1 n :at ,god is4 ,a desire to beg9 ?is clause ) ! la/ ^w ( ! clause prec$+--a fav\rite con/ruction ) ,/4 ,john 7see v]ses #d & #e7--may h l$ to ! inv]sion 9 ! orig9al4 ,or ! inv]sion may h be5 int5d$ to ?r[ ! ,div9ity ( ! ,^w into great] prom95ce by plac+ ! pr$icate be=e ! v]b4 ,"s1 l ,corluy1 ref] 99,god991 9 ?is ?ird clause1 to ! ,div9e ,nature1 :i* is common to ! ?ree ,div9e ,p]sons2 o!rs1 z ,patrizzi1 to ! ,div9e ,nature z t]m9at$ 9 ! ,second ,div9e ,p]son4 ,we pref] ! latt] view1 b 9 ei!r int]pretation we h 9 ?is clause a decl>ation ( ! ,div9ity ( ! ,^w1 a pro( t _c be ga9said ( ,8 ess5tial unity ) ! ,fa!r4 ,nor does ! abs5ce ( ! ,greek article be=e 8,god0 9 ?is ?ird clause1 :5 tak5 9 conjunction ) its pres5ce 9 ! second1 imply1 z ! ,arians held1 t ! ,^w is inf]ior to ! ,fa!r4 ,= our ,evangeli/ c]ta9ly ref]s sometimes to ! supreme ,deity )\t us+ ! article 7i4 #f1 #ab1 #ah72 & ! abs5ce ( ! article is suffici5tly acc\nt$ = 9 ! pres5t case by ! fact t is a pr$icate /&+ be=e ! copula47#ba7 #b4 ,hoc erat 9 pr9cipio apud #b4 ,! same 0 9 ! ,deum4 beg9n+ ) ,god4 #b4 99,! same 0 9 ! beg9n+ ) ,god994 ,to emphasize ! ?ree great tru?s conta9$ 9 v]se #a3 namely1 ! ,^w's et]nity1 ,8 di/9ct p]sonality1 & ess5tial unity ) ! ,fa!r1 !y are repeat$ 9 v]se #b4 ,! same1 t is1 ?is ,^w :o is ,god1 0 9 ! beg9n+1 & 0 ) ,god4 ,v>i\s attempts h be5 made by ! ,unit>ians to escape ! inv9cible argum5t = a ,second ,div9e ,p]son :i* ^! op5+ v]ses ( our ,gospel conta94 ,?us1 !y put a full /op aft] ! la/ 8erat0 ( v]se #a2 &1 tak+ ! words 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y occur 9 ! ,greek & ,lat91 make ! s5se ( ! ?ird clause3 ,& ,god 04 ,!n !y jo9 8v]bum10 ! la/ ^w ( v]se #a1 ) v]se #b3 ,?is ,^w 0 9 ! beg9n+ ) ,god4 ,b ev5 if we grant$ to ! ,unit>ians ?is punctuation ( ! v]ses1 ! s5se ( ! ?ird clause w\ld /ill be t ! ,^w 0 ,god1 & n t ,god exi/$4 ,= 8,deus0 7 )\t ! article71 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird clause ought /ill to be reg>d$ z ! pr$icate1 ) 8v]bum0 ( ! prec$+ clauses z ! subject4 ,?is foll[s n m]ely f ! abs5ce ( ! ,greek article already allud$ to1 b also f ! absurdity ( ! ,unit>ian view1 :i* supposes t ,/4 ,john ?\ght x necess>y1 aft] tell+ u t ! ,^w 0 ) ,god1 to tell u t ,god exi/$6 ,o!rs h tri$ to expla9 away ! text ?us3 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation ! ,^w exi/$1 & ! ,^w 0 mo/ intimately unit$ to ,god by love4 ,b1 primum1 !y h /ill to expla9 h[ ?is ,^w is decl>$ ,creator 9 v]ses #c & #aj2 secundum1 ! /atem5t 9 v]se #ad3 8,& ! ,^w 0 made fle%10 implies transition ( ! ,^w to a /ate diff]5t f t 9 :i* ,he exi/$ 89 ! beg9n+20 b ! "t ( ! transition is j ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 :i* _c1 !re=e1 be ! "t ref]r$ to 9 v]se #a z 8! beg9n+40 #c4 ,omnia p] ipsum facta sunt3 #c4 ,all ?+s 7 made by et s9e ipso factum e/ nihil1 him3 & )\t him 0 made quod factum e/1 no?+ t 0 made4 #d4 9 ipso vita erat1 et vita #d4 ,9 him 0 life1 & ! erat lux hom9um3 life 0 ! light ( m54 #c4 ,/4 ,john passes on to ! relations ( ! ,^w ) creatures4 99,all ?+s99 7 1 #a ,cor4 viii4 #f1 ,col4 i4 #af74 ,! passages indicat$1 z well z v]se #aj ( ?is *apt]3 ! _w 0 made by ,him1 make x cle> t ! ,son ( ,god creat$ all ?+s4 ,nor c\ld ?is doctr9e be m pla9ly /at$ ?an 9 ! words be=e u3 ,all ?+s 7 made by ,him1 c4 ,h[ absurd1 !n1 is ! ,soc9ian view1 accord+ to :i* ,/4 ,john m]ely tells u "h t all ,*ri/ian virtues 7 introduc$1 & ! :ole moral _w e/abli%$ by ,*ri/6 99,7 made99 1 i4e41 got _! :ole be+ f ,him1 & n m]ely 7 fa%ion$ by ,him f preexi/+ matt]4 ,! ,c]9?ian !ory1 t ! _w 0 made by an inf]ior be+1 is "h reject$4 99,by ,him99 7 74 ,we are n to suppose t ! ,^w 0 an in/rum5t 9 ! h&s ( ! ,fa!r1 or inf]ior to ! ,fa!r1 z ! ,arians held4 ,! preposition 7p]7 is (t5 us$ 9 ref]5ce to a pr9cipal effici5t cause4 ,?us1 ,/4 ,paul says ( ! ,fa!r3 ,god is fai?ful1 by :om 7 7 y are call$ unto ! fell[%ip ( ,8 ,son1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 our ,"l 7#a ,cor4 i4 #i4 ,see also #a ,cor4 i4 #a1 #b ,cor4 i4 #a1 ,gal4 iv4 #bg1 ,heb4 ii4 #aj47 ,& s9ce our ,evangeli/ has j decl>$ 9 v]se #a ! ,^w's div9ity1 & knew ,him to be "o ) ! ,fa!r 7x4 #cj71 x _c be impli$ "h t ! ,^w is inf]ior to ! ,fa!r4 ,"s comm5tators hold t !re is no special significance 9 ! use "h ( ! preposition 1 :ile o!rs see 9 x an allusion to ! fact t ! ,son proce$s f ! ,fa!r1 & d]ives f ,him ,8 creative p[]4 ,accord+ to ^!1 creation is f ! ,fa!r1 b ?r\gh ! ,son1 because ! ,son has receiv$ ,8 creative p[]1 toge!r ) ,8 ess5ce1 f ! ,fa!r & is n1 !re=e1 l ! ,fa!r1 8pr9cipium s9e pr9cipio40 ,o!rs ?9k t s9ce all ?+s 7 creat$ accord+ to ! ,div9e idea1 i4e41 accord+ to ! ,div9e & et]nal wisdom1 & s9ce ! ,^w is t wisdom1 !re=e all ?+s are rightly said to h be5 creat$ ?r\gh ! ,^w4 ,s ,/4 ,?omas on ?is v]se3--8,sic ergo ,deus nihil facit nisi p] conceptum sui intellectus1 qui e/ sapi5tia ab aet]no concepta1 scilicet ,dei ,v]bum1 et ,dei ,filius2 et ideo impossibile e/ quod aliquid faciat nisi p] ,filium40 ,9 ?is view1 :i* seems to u ! mo/ probable1 ?\gh l all ! ,div9e works t are 8ad extra10 i4e4 d n t]m9ate 9 ,god ,himself1 creation is common to ! ,?ree ,div9e ,p]sons1 yet1 = ! reason indicat$1 x is rightly said to be ?r\gh ! ,son4 99,& )\t him 0 made no?+99 7 n any?+1 emphatic = no?+7 99t 0 made99 7,gr43 ha? be5 made74 ,by a ,hebrew p>allelism ! same tru? is repeat$ negatively3 all ?+s 7 made by ,him1 & no?+ 0 made )\t ,him4 ,to ?is negative /atem5t1 h[ev]1 !re is add$1 accord+ to ! me?od ( po9t+ ! passage common at pres5t1 an additional clause :i* gives u ! mean+3 no?+ 0 made )\t ,him1 ( all ! ?+s t h be5 made4 ,?is re/rictive clause may !n be und]/ood to imply t1 toge!r ) ! ,^w1 !re 0 some?+ else uncreat$1 t is to say 7besides ! ,fa!r1 ^: uncreat$ exi/5ce w\ld be admitt$ by all7 ! ,holy ,gho/ also4 ,9 ?is way aft] ! ,mac$onian h]esy arose 9 ! middle ( ! f\r? c5tury1 & blasphem\sly held t ! ,^w _h made ! ,holy ,gho/1 because )\t ,him 0 made no?+1 _m ( ! ,fa!rs repli$3 ,no?+ 0 made )\t ! ,^w1 ( ! ?+s t 7 made2 b ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 n made at all1 & is !re=e n includ$ among ! ?+s made by ! ,^w4 ,h[ev]1 ?is re/riction is n necess>y to def5d ! ,div9ity ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,ev5 ?\gh we und]/& x to be /at$ absolutely t no?+ 0 made )\t ! ,son1 no difficulty c foll[2 = ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 n made 771 b 0 77 f all et]nity1 z is cle>ly impli$ else:]e4 ,john xvi4 #ac1 #ad4 ,on dogmatic gr\nds1 !re=e1 !re is no necessity = connect+3 ,quod factum e/1 9 ! end ( v]se #c1 ) ! prec$+4 ,&1 z a matt] ( fact1 all ! writ]s ( ! fir/ ?ree c5turies seem to h connect$ ^! words ) v]se #d17bb7 & x appe>s to u v likely1 t x 0 because ( ! ,mac$onian h]esy !y began to be connect$ ) v]se #c4 ,/4 ,*ryso/om c]ta9ly is v /rong 9 connect+ !m ) v]se #c1 b ! reason is because ! h]etics ( ! "t 7 abus+ ! o!r connection to support _! errors4 8,= nei!r w we10 he says1 8put a full /op aft] t #8no?+1' z ! h]etics d0 7,*ryso/om on ,john1 ,hom4 v74 ,we mu/ n1 h[ev]1 conclude1 f ?is rem>k ( ,/4 ,*ryso/om t x 0 ! h]etics alone :o did s2 =1 z we h said already1 su* 0 ! ord9>y way ( connect+ ! clauses dur+ ! fir/ ?ree c5turies2 & x is support$ n only by ! ,fa!rs1 b by ! olde/ ,lat9 ,,mss41 & by "s ( ! olde/ ,greek ,,mss4 ,& ev5 aft] ! ,mac$onian h]etics _h abus$ ?is passage to blaspheme ! ,holy ,gho/1 ! old po9t+1 or to speak m correctly ! old me?od ( connect+ ! clauses1 rema9$ ! m common47#bc7 ,n only did ,cyril ( ,alex&ria1 & ,augu/9e1 & ,v5]able ,b$e1 & ,/4 ,?omas1 & a ho/ ( o!rs read 9 ?is way1 b ,maldonatus1 :o himself pref]s ! connection 9 our ,engli% v]sion3 8,)\t ,him 0 made no?+ t 0 made10 admits t ! usage ( 8 "t 0 aga9/ him1 & t x 0 !n ! practice to put a full /op aft] 8no?+03 8,)\t ,him 0 made no?+40 ,nor c ! ,sixt9e or ,clem5t9e edition ( ! ,vulgate be appeal$ to 9 fav\r ( our pres5t po9t+4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! ,sixt9e edition reject$ x1 pr9t+ ?us3 8,et s9e ipso factum e/ nihil3 quod factum e/ 9 ipso vita erat20 :ile ! ,clem5t9e ,bible left ! matt] undecid$ by pr9t+ ?us3 8,et s9e ipso factum e/ nihil1 quod factum e/1 9 ipso vita erat10 c4 ,we _c1 !re=e1 und]/& to :at ,roman ,bibles ,a ,lapide ref]s :5 he says t ! ,bibles correct$ at ,rome connect ?us3 8,& )\t ,him 0 made no?+ t 0 made40 ,we ?9k x extremely probable1 !n1 t ! words3 ,quod factum e/ 7t 0 made1 or1 z we %all r5d] 9 our int]pretation2 :at 0 made71 /&+ at pres5t 9 ! end ( v]se #c1 are to be connect$ ) v]se #d4 ,"s may be incl9$ to blame u = dep>t+ f :at is at pres5t ! receiv$ connection ( ! words 9 su* a wellkn[n passage z ?is4 ,let u1 !re=e1 sum up briefly ! evid5ce t has =c$ u1 we may say reluctantly1 to connect ! words ) v]se #d4 #a4 ,?\gh ,maldonatus tries to ?r[ d\bt ^u ! fact1 ?is is ! connection adopt$ by practically all1 if n all1 ! ,fa!rs & o!r writ]s ( ! fir/ ?ree c5turies1 & by ! majority ( writ]s aft]w>ds d[n to ! sixte5? c5tury4 #b4 ,x is support$ by ! olde/ ,,mss4 ( ! ,vulgate1 &1 :at is m rem>kable1 by "s ( ! olde/ ,greek ,,mss41 not)/&+ ! fact t ,/4 ,*ryso/om 0 aga9/ x4 #c4 ,! p>allelism 9 ! v]se is bett] br\ght out3 ,all ?+s 7 made by ,him1 & )\t ,him 0 made no?+4 #d4 ,if ,quod factum e/ 7 int5d$ to be connect$ ) ! prec$+1 ! clause w\ld be c]ta9ly unnecess>y1 & app>5tly useless1 because x is pla9 )\t x t ! ,evangeli/ is speak+ ( :at 0 made1 & n includ+ any uncreat$ ,be+1 l ! ,fa!r or ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,we pref]1 !n1 to connect3 ,quod factum e/1 ) :at foll[s4 ,b x /ill rema9s = u to inquire 9 :at way precisely ! connection is to be made1 = v>i\s views h be5 held ^u ! subject4 99,a499 ,"s connect ?us3 ,:at 0 made 9 7i4e4 by7 ,him1 0 life1 & ! life 0 ! light ( m54 99,b499 ,o!rs ?us3 ,:at 0 made 0 life 9 ,him1 & ! life 0 ! light ( m54 99,c499 ,o!rs aga91 adopt+ ! same punctuation z 9 ! prec$+1 b und]/&+ diff]5tly3 ,:at 0 made 9 x 0 ! ,life1 & ! ,life 0 ! ,light ( m54 ,! la/ seems to u ! correct view4 ,= 99,a99 is improbable1 inasmu* z x ei!r decl>es all ?+s to h life1 or implies t ?\gh :at 0 made by ! ,^w _h life1 yet !re 7 o!r ?+s want+ life1 :i* proce$$1 z ! ,mani*aeans held1 f ! evil pr9ciple4 ,nor c we accept 99,b991 ev5 z expla9$ by ,/4 ,augu/9e 9 ! s5se t all creat$ ?+s are 9 ! m9d ( ,god1 z ! h\se be=e build+ is 9 ! m9d ( ! ar*itect2 & t be+ 9 ! m9d ( ,god !y are ,god ,himself1 & 8life 9 ,him40 ,= ?\gh ?is is 9 a c]ta9 s5se true1 yet x seems to u unnatural to suppose t ,/4 ,john "h1 9 ?is sublime exordium1 ?9ks x necess>y or useful to tell u t ! ar*etypes ( creat$ ?+s liv$ 9 ! ,div9e ,m9d4 99,c99 !n appe>s to u to be ! m probable view reg>d+ ! passage3 8,:at 0 made1 9 x 0 ! ,life20 or1 m pla9ly3 8,9 t :i* 0 made 0 ! ,life20 = "h1 z else:]e1 ,/4 ,john beg9s ) ! relative 7see i4 #de1 #a ,john i4 #a72 s t1 9 ?is view1 ! ,evangeli/ aft] tell+ u ! relations ( ! ,^w to all ?+s at _! beg9n+3 8,all ?+s 7 made by ,him1 & )\t ,him 0 made no?+10 n[ goes on to po9t out ,8 relations to !m aft] _! creation3 fir/1 ,8 relations ) ?+s g5]ally3 8,9 t :i* 0 made 0 ! ,life10 !n 8 relations ) man 9 ! sup]natural ord]3 8,& ! ,life 0 ! ,light ( m540 #e4 ,adopt+ ?is view z to ! connection betwe5 v]ses #c & #d1 ,/4 ,cyril ( ,alex&ria ?us expla9s3 8,! ,life 7 71 t is to say1 ! ,onlybegott5 ,son ( ,god1 0 9 all ?+s t 7 made4 ,= ,he1 be+ by nature life itself1 imp>ts be+1 & life1 & motion to ! ?+s t are 444 ,9 all ?+s t 7 made 0 ! ,life1 t is1 ! ,^w :i* 0 9 ! beg9n+4 ,! ,^w1 be+ ess5tial life1 0 m+l+ ,himself by p>ticipation ) all exi/+ ?+s40 ,if x be object$ to ?is int]pretation t ! fir/ ( v]se #d1 n hav+ ! article1 _c mean ! ,et]nal ,life1 i4e4 ! ,div9e ,^w1 we reply t ,/4 ,cyril1 "o ( ! greate/ ( ! ,greek ,fa!rs1 ?\ght diff]5tly2 & moreov]1 t v _m ( ! comm5tators :o are aga9/ u 9 ! int]pretation ( ?is passage1 are yet ) u 9 ref]r+ "h to ! uncreat$ life ( ! ,div9e ,^w4 ,b if we foll[ :at is at pres5t ! common punctuation1 & read3 8,9 ,him 0 life10 ?is is commonly int]pret$ to mean t ! ,^w is ! s\rce ( sup]natural life to man4 ,s4 ,amb41 ,s4 ,a?41 ,tol41 ,mald41 ,a ,lap41 ,patr41 ,beel4 ,b ?is view is n )\t difficulty4 ,=1 fir/1 if x be m]ely meant t life comes to man ?r\gh ! ,^w1 we might r expect t ! preposition ( ! prec$+ v]se w\ld h be5 reta9$4 ,secondly1 if !re be "q "h ( ! ,^w z ! life ( man1 h[ is x t x is only 9 ! next clause t man is fir/ m5tion$8 ,surely1 if ! op9ion we are consid]+ 7 correct1 we %\ld r expect ,/4 ,john to h writt53 8,9 ,him 0 ! life ( man1 & ! life 0 ! light40 ,= ^! reasons1 & because ( :at we h /at$ already 9 fav\r ( connect+ 8,quod factum e/0 ) :at foll[s1 we pref] to und]/& ?is passage1 ) ,/4 ,cyril1 z a /atem5t t ! ,^w1 ! ,ess5tial ,life1 0 pres5t 9 all ?+s1 cons]v+ !m 9 exi/5ce4 99,& ! ,life 0 ! ,light ( m5499 ,9 our view ! mean+ is t ! ,^w1 ! ,life1 :o cons]v$ all ?+s 9 exi/5ce1 01 moreov]1 9 ! case ( m51 _! ,light--! s\rce & au?or ( _! fai?4 ,h5ce1 we suppose ,/4 ,john1 aft] ref]r+ to ! creation ( all ?+s1 9 v]se #c1 & ! cons]vation ( all ?+s1 9 ! beg9n+ ( v]se #d1 to pass on n[ 9 ! end ( v]se #d to speak ( t new creation t is effect$ 9 man by means ( a spiritual illum9ation3 8,all ?+s 7 made by 7or ?r\gh7 ,him1 & )\t ,him 0 made no?+4 ,9 t :i* 0 made 0 ! ,life1 & ! ,life 0 ! ,light ( m540 ,^? :o int]pret ! beg9n+ ( ! v]se to mean t ! spiritual life ( man comes ?r\gh ! ,^w1 take ! pres5t clause z expla9+ h[ t 0 s1 h[ ! ,^w 0 ! ,life2 namely1 inasmu* z ,he 0 ! ,light4 ,he 0 ! s\rce ( our life ( grace "h & glory h]eaft]1 inasmu* z ,he 0 ! s\rce ( our light1 t is to say1 our fai?4 ,& "s ( !m1 z ,patrizzi1 hold t ! ord] ( ! t]ms 9 ?is clause is inv]t$1 & t we %\ld read3 8! light ( m5 0 ! life10 8light ( m50 be+ ! subject4 ,maldonatus tells u t almo/ all writ]s be=e 8 "t und]/ood 8light ( m50 9 ref]5ce to ! light ( reason4 ,h[ev]1 ?is view is n[ g5]ally ab&on$1 & rightly1 = t man ow$ 8 reason to ! ,^w has be5 already impli$ 9 v]se #c3 8,all ?+s 7 made by ,him40 ,besides1 ! 8light0 ( ?is f\r? v]se is d\btless ! same z t ( v]se #e1 :i* m5 did n receive1 & ( v]se #g1 to :i* ! ,bapti/ 0 to be> witness4 ,b 9 nei!r ( ! latt] v]ses c !re be "q ( ! light ( reason2 h5ce1 nei!r is !re 9 v]se #d4 ,! mean+1 !n1 is t ,he :o 0 ! pres]v] ( all ?+s 0 moreov] ! s\rce ( ! spiritual light ( m54 #e4 ,et lux 9 t5ebris lucet1 #e4 ,& ! light %9e? 9 et t5ebrae eam non d>kness1 & ! d>kness did compreh5d]unt4 n compreh5d x4 #f4 ,fuit homo missus a ,deo1 cui #f4 ,!re 0 a man s5t f nom5 erat ,johannes4 ,god1 ^: "n 0 ,john4 #e4 99,& ! light %9e?499 ,! mean+ is1 t ! ,^w1 z ! s\rce & au?or ( fai?1 0 always1 z f> z 9 ,him lay1 enlight5+ m54 99,%9e?99--! pres5t t5se is us$1 ?\gh ! latt] "p ( ! v]se %[s t ! pa/ also is meant3 8,! light %9e? 9 ! d>kness1 & ! d>kness did n compreh5d x40 ,probably ! ,evangeli/ avoids us+ ! pa/ t5se1 le/ x might be inf]r$ t ! ,^w _h ceas$ to %9e4 ,besides1 ! pres5t is m appropriate1 see+ t1 9 ! s5se expla9$1 ! ,^w %9es ?r\gh\t all "t4 ,f ! beg9n+ ! ,^w %one1 z f> z 9 ,him lay4 ,if m5 g5]ally 7 n enlight5$1 x 0 _! own fault4 ,b all :o 7 sav$ f ! beg9n+1 7 sav$ ?r\gh fai?1 & no "o ev] receiv$ ! gift ( fai? except 9 view ( ! m]its ( ! ,^w ,inc>nate4 8,nulli unquam contigit vita nisi p] lucem fidei1 nulli lux fidei nisi intuitu ,*ri/i0 7,/4 ,augu/47 99,! d>kness99 is man %r\d$ 9 unbelief4 ,see ,luke i4 #gi1 ,eph4 v4 #h4 99,& ! d>kness did n compreh5d x4997#bd7 ,z we h j said1 ! mean+ is1 t unbeliev+ m5 refus$ to be enlight5$4 ,ord9>ily1 inde$1 light _c %9e 9 d>kness )\t dispell+ x2 b 9 ?is case ! d>kness 0 man1 a free ag5t1 capable ( reject+ ! light ( fai? ?r\gh :i* ! ,et]nal ,^w 0 %9+4 ,9 tell+ u t m5 refus$ to be enlight5$1 ! ,evangeli/ is /at+ :at 0 ! g5]al rule1 to :i* at all times !re 7 noble exceptions4 #f4 ,! correct r5d]+ ( ! ,greek text is3 99,!re came99 77 99a man1 s5t by ,god1 ^: "n 0 ,john994 ,?is ref]5ce to ! ,bapti/ 9 ! middle ( ?is sublime exordium is surpris+1 & has be5 v>i\sly acc\nt$ =4 ,"s ?9k t our ,evangeli/1 aft] hav+ treat$ ( ! ,div9ity ( ! ,^w1 m]ely wi%es1 be=e go+ on to speak ( ! inc>nation1 to ref] to ! precursor4 ,b x seems mo/ probable t ! ,evangeli/ wi%$ to remove at once ! error ( ^? :o1 impress$ by ! au/]ity & sanctity ( ! ,bapti/'s life1 _h look$ ^u him z ! ,messias4 ,if any ( !m /ill rema9$ at ! "t :5 ,/4 ,john wrote1 or %\ld arise aft]w>ds1 !y are "h told t ! ,bapti/1 ?\gh hav+ 8 mission f ,heav51 0 only a man int5d$ to be> witness to ,*ri/4 ,?us ! sup]ior excell5ce ( ,*ri/ is ?r[n into relief f ! fact t a great sa9t l ! ,bapti/ 0 specially s5t by ,heav5 to be ,8 h]ald4 ,! ref]5ce 9 ?is v]se is to ! ,bapti/'s com+ into ! _w1 at 8 conception1 r ?an to ! beg9n+ ( 8 prea*+1 = at ! mom5t ( 8 conception1 he came1 s5t by ,god to be ! h]ald ( ,*ri/4 ,see ,luke i4 #acag4 99,john99 is ! same "n z ,jo*anan 771 :i* is itself a %ort5$ =m ( ,jeho*anan ,jehovah ha? _h m]cy4 ,?is "n 0 appo9t$ = ! ,bapti/1 be=e 8 conception1 by ! ,ar*angel ,gabriel1 ,luke i4 #ac4 #g4 ,hic v5it 9 te/imonium1 #g4 ,?is man came = a ut te/imonium p]hib]et de witness1 to give te/imony ( lum9e1 ut omnes cr$]5t p] ! light1 t all m5 might illum3 believe ?r\gh him4 #h4 ,non erat ille lux1 s$ ut #h4 ,he 0 n ! light1 b te/imonium p]hib]et de 0 to give te/imony ( ! lum9e4 light4 #i4 ,erat lux v]a1 quae #i4 ,t 0 ! true light1 illum9at omnem hom9em :i* enlight5e? e man v5i5tem 9 hunc mundum t come? into ?is _w4 #g4 ,?is man came = witness1 namely1 9 ord] t he might be> witness ( ! light1 t is to say1 ! ,inc>nate ,^w1 to ! end t ?r\gh him all might believe 9 ! ,^w4 #h4 99,he 0 n ! light99 7 71 t is1 he 0 n ! great uncreat$ light :i* enlight5e? all m52 ?\gh1 9 8 own way1 ! ,bapti/ too 0 a light1 nay1 z ,*ri/ ,himself te/ifi$ 8! lamp t burne? & %9e?40 7v4 #ce74 dep5ds on 7he came71 :i* is to be und]/ood f ! prec$+ v]se4 #i4 99,t 0 ! true light99 7or1 !re 0 ! true light71 99:i* enlight5e? e man t come? into ?is _w994 ,! ,greek ( ?is v]se may be con/ru$ & translat$ 9 ?ree diff]5t ways3--#a4 ,by connect+ ) 3 ,! true light1 :i* enlight5e? e man1 0 com+ into ?is _w4 #b4 ,by tak+ z a nom9ative agree+ ) 3 ,!re 0 ! true light :i* at its com+ into ! _w1 enlight5e? e man 7iii4 #ai47 #c4 ,by connect+ ) 1 z 9 ! ,vulgate & our ,engli% v]sion4 ,?is is f> ! mo/ probable view4 ,9 fav\r ( x we h all ! ,lat9 ,fa!rs1 all ! ,greek ,fa!rs except "o1 & all ! anci5t v]sions4 ,besides1 is ?us connect$ ) ! ne>e/ sub/antive ) :i* x agrees 9 =m4 ,add to ?is t ! second op9ion1 ! m probable ( ! o!r two1 w\ld seem to signify t ! ,^w 0 n a light to all m5 be=e ,8 com+1 b only at ,8 com+2 & ?is1 z we h expla9$ above on v]se #e1 is false4 ,! mean+1 !n1 is t ! ,^w 0 ! true1 i4e4 ! p]fect light1 & z f> z 9 ,him lies enlight5e? at all times e man t come? into ?is _w1 be he ,jew or ,g5tile4 99,t come? into ?is _w991 is 9 our view a ,hebrew =m ( expression equival5t to3 t is born4 ,x is us$ only "h 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 b 8to be born0 0 commonly express$ by ,jewi% ,rabb9s by 7to come into ! _w74 #aj4 ,9 mundo erat et mundus #aj4 ,he 0 9 ! _w1 & p] ipsum factus e/1 et ! _w 0 made by him1 & mundus eum non cognovit4 ! _w knew him n4 #aj4 99,he 0 9 ! _w499 ,! ,^w1 n ! light1 is ! subject "h1 z is prov$ by ! mascul9e pron\n t[>ds ! end ( ! v]se4 ,x is disput$ to :at pres5ce ( ! ,^w 9 ! _w !re is ref]5ce "h4 ,almo/ all ! ,fa!rs und]/ood ! ref]5ce to be to ! pres5ce ( ! ,^w 9 ! _w be=e ! inc>nation4 ,accord+ to ?is view1 :i* is held also by ,a ,lapide1 ! ,^w 0 9 ! _w1 9 ! univ]se1 cons]v+ :at ,he _h creat$1 8su/a9+ all ?+s by ! ^w ( ,8 p[]0 7,heb4 i4 #c74 ,god is ev]y:]e pres5t by ,8 ess5ce1 by ,8 k1 & by ,8 p[]2 b x is ( ! latt] pres5ce1 :i* c\ld be kn[n1 t ! view we are consid]+ und]/&s ?is clause4 ,maldonatus1 ?\gh he admits t ! ,fa!rs are aga9/ him1 holds t ! ref]5ce is to ! mortal life ( ! ,^w ,inc>nate4 ,he argues f ! fact t ! _w is blam$1 9 ! next clause1 = n hav+ kn[n ! ,^w2 b k ( ! ,^w 0 impossible be=e ! inc>nation4 ,x 0 possible inde$ to "k !re 0 a ,god1 b impossible to "k ! ,second ,div9e ,p]son1 ! ,^w4 ,:atev] may be ?\ght ( ! probability ( ?is second view1 ! argum5ts ord9>ily adduc$ aga9/ x1 f ! use ( ! imp]fect 8erat0 77 & f ! alleg$ fact t all ! prec$+ v]ses ref] to ! ,^w be=e ,8 inc>nation1 h no weight4 ,= ! imp]fect may be us$ n 9 ref]5ce to ,*ri/'s exi/5ce be=e ,8 inc>nation1 b to %[ t ,he n m]ely appe>$ among m51 b cont9u$ to dwell = a "t among !m2 & ! /atem5t t ev]y?+ be=e ?is v]se ref]s to ! ,^w be=e ,8 inc>nation1 _c be su/a9$4 ,= ! 8,light0 to :i* ! ,bapti/ came to be> witness 7v4 #g7 0 n ! ,^w be=e ,8 inc>nation1 b ! ,^w ,inc>nate1 z is evid5t4 ,accord+ to ?is second op9ion1 v]se #aa3 ,he came unto ,8 own1 & ,8 own receiv$ ,him n1 m]ely emphasizes ! +ratitude ( ! _w t[>ds ! inc>nate ,^w by %[+ t ,he 0 reject$ ev5 by ,8 own *os5 p4 99,& ! _w 0 made by him1 & ! _w knew him n499 ,^? :o int]pret ! fir/ clause ( ?is v]se ( ! exi/5ce ( ! ,^w 9 ! _w be=e ! inc>nation1 und]/& ! _w to be blam$1 9 ! rema9d] ( ! v]se1 = its ignorance ( its ,creator4 ,! _w is n blam$1 !y say1 = n kn[+ ! ,^w z ! ,second ,div9e ,p]son1 = su* k x c\ld n h ga!r$ f ! works ( creation1 b = n kn[+ ,god 7,rom4 i4 #bj71 :o is "o 9 nature ) ! ,^w4 ,^? :o int]pret ! fir/ "p ( ! v]se ( ! pres5ce ( ,*ri/ on e>? dur+ ,8 mortal life1 hold t 9 ! rema9d] ! _w is blam$ = n recognis+ ! ,^w ,inc>nate z ! ,son ( ,god1 & ,second ,div9e ,p]son4 ,! mean+ ( ! :ole v]se !n1 9 ?is view1 is3 t ?\gh ! ,son ( ,god1 :o creat$ ! _w1 deign$ to live among m51 yet !y refus$ to recognise ,him z ,god4 #aa4 ,9 propria v5it1 et sui #aa4 ,he came unto 8 own1 & eum non recep]unt4 8 own receiv$ him n4 #aa4 99,he came unto 8 own499 ,x is cle> f :at we h said on ! prec$+ v]se1 t "s take ?is to be ! fir/ ref]5ce to ! pres5ce on e>? ( ! ,^w ,inc>nate2 :ile o!rs reg>d x z m]ely repeat+ ! idea ( ! prec$+ v]se1 ) ! additional circum/ance t ev5 ,8 own refus$ to recognise ,*ri/4 ,"s few h held t ! ref]5ce "h is to ! transi5t com+ ( ! ,^w 9 ! app>itions ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,b all ! ,fa!rs und]/ood ! v]se ( ! com+ ( ! ,^w z man1 & ! v]ses t foll[ prove _! view to be correct4 99,8 own99 is und]/ood by _m ( ,8 own _w1 :i* ,he _h creat$2 b we pref] to take x z ref]r+ to ,8 own *os5 p1 ! ,jews4 8,v]bum int] ,judos v5i5s1 natumque ex g5te ,judorum1 quos sibi ,deus eleg]at 9 populum peculi>em 7,deut4 xiv4 #b7 p]commode dicitur v5isse atque ipsi ,judaei ,v]bo esse dicuntur10 ,patriz4 99,& 8 own receiv$ him n499 ,t is to say1 believ$ n 9 ,him1 b reject$ ,him4 ,?is 0 ! g5]al rule1 to :i*1 ( c\rse1 !re 7 exceptions1 z ! foll[+ v]se %[s4 ,^! words toge!r ) ! two foll[+ v]ses1 we take to be a p>5!tic reflexion on ! reception ,*ri/ met )1 & ! happy consequ5ces to "s4 #ab4 ,quotquot autem recep]unt #ab4 ,b z _m z receiv$ eum1 d$it eis pote/atem him1 he gave !m p[] to be filios ,dei fi]i1 8 qui made ! sons ( ,god1 to !m cr$unt 9 nom9e eius4 t believe 9 8 "n4 #ac4 ,qui non ex sangu9ibus1 #ac4 ,:o are born1 n ( neque ex voluntate c>nis blood1 nor ( ! w ( ! neque ex voluntate viri1 s$ fle%1 nor ( ! w ( man1 ex ,deo nati sunt4 b ( ,god4 #ab4 ,!re 7 "s1 h[ev]1 :o believ$ 9 ,him1 or1 accord+ to ! ,hebraism1 9 ,8 "n1 & to ^!1 :e!r ,jews or ,g5tiles1 ,he gave p[] to become adopt$ *ildr5 ( ,god4 ,t is to say1 aft] !y _h coop]at$ ) ,8 grace & believ$1 ,he m]cifully gave !m fur!r grace :]eby !y c\ld be ju/ifi$1 & ?us be ,god's adopt$ *ildr54 ,! la/ words ( ?is v]se3 99,to !m t believe 9 ,8 "n991 expla9 :at is meant 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! v]se by receiv+ ,him4 #ac4 ,"s comm5tators h f\nd great difficulty 9 ?is v]se1 because !y suppos$ t ^? :o 9 ! prec$+ v]se are said to h got ! p[] to become *ildr5 ( ,god are "h said to h be5 already born ( ,god4 ,b ! difficulty vani%es1 x seems to u1 if v]se #ac be tak5 z expla9+ n :at ^? :o believ$ 7 be=e !y became sons ( ,god1 b ! nature ( ! filiation1 to :i* ^? :o believ$ got p[] to raise !mselves4 ,x is n fai? t makes !m sons ( ,god1 b ?r\gh fai? 7n z a m]itori\s cause1 b z a condition7 !y atta9$ to *>ity1 :i* made !m *ildr5 ( ,god4 ,?is too is all t is meant 9 #a ,jn4 v4 #a4 ,x is n meant t by believ+ !y are eo ipso1 ?r\gh fai? alone1 sons ( ,god4 ,fai?1 z ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t lays d[n1 is ! root ( ju/ification1 b x is n ! =mal nor ev5 ! m]itori\s cause ( ju/ification2 x is a condition 8s9e qua non40 ,& j z ,/4 ,paul attributes ju/ification to fai? )\t mean+ t x is ( itself suffici5t1 s ,/4 ,john 7#a ,john v4 #a7 attributes to fai? ,div9e son%ip )\t mean+ t x comes f fai? alone4 ,see ,decrees ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 ,sess4 vi4 ,*ap4 vi4 & viii4 ,! mean+ ( ! two v]ses1 accord+ to ?is view1 is1 t z _m z receiv$ ,*ri/ by believ+ 9 ,him1 got p[] to become *ildr5 ( ,god1 *ildr5 :o 7 born 77 n ( bloods17#be7 nor ( ! w ( ! fle%1 nor ( ! w ( man1 b ( ,god4 ,?us v]se #ac expla9s t ^! sons ( ,god 7 born n 9 a c>nal b 9 a spiritual mann]4 8,tria hic de g5]atione humana sic exponit ,/4 ,?omas3 ex sangu9ibus1 ut ex causa mat]iali2 ex voluntate c>nis17#bf7 ut ex causa effici5te quantum ad concupisc5tiam 79 qua e/ voluntas s5sitiva72 ex voluntate viri1 ut ex causa effici5te intellectuali 7lib]e actum conjugalem p]fici5te740 ,corl4 ,to be born ( ,god1 implies t we are transf]r$ into a new life :]e9 we become 9 "s s5se p>tak]s ( ! ,div9e nature 7#b ,pet4 i4 #d74 ,?r\gh ! se$ ( ,div9e grace we are begott5 anew & rais$ to ?is high] life4 #ad4 ,et ,v]bum c>o factum e/1 #ad4 ,& ! ,^w 0 made et habitavit 9 nobis3 et fle%1 & dwelt among u 7& vidimus gloriam eius1 gloriam we saw 8 glory1 ! glory z quasi ,unig5iti a ,patre1 x 7 ( ! onlybegott5 pl5um gratiae et v]itatis4 ( ! ,fa!r7 full ( grace & tru?4 #ad4 ,aft] ! reflexion 9 v]ses #ab & #ac on ! way ,*ri/ 0 receiv$ by m51 ! ,evangeli/ n[ /ates ! mann] 9 :i* ,he came2 namely1 by tak+ human nature4 ,accord+ to "s1 ! fir/ 8&0 is equival5t to 8=40 8,aft] ,he _h said t ^? :o receiv$ ,him are born ( ,god & sons ( ,god1 ,he adds ! cause ( ?is unspeakable hon\r1 namely1 t ! ,^w 0 made fle%40 7,/4 ,*rys474 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 ?9k t 8&0 has m]ely its ord9>y conjunctive =ce4 ,note t 1 n m5tion$ s9ce v]se #a1 is aga9 nam$1 = emphasis1 & to put x beyond d\bt or cavil t x is ! same ,et]nal ,god ( v]se #a :o is decl>$ to h become man 9 v]se #ad4 99,fle%99 is a ,hebraism = man4 ,see also ,g54 vi4 #ab2 ,isai4 xl4 #e2 ,ps4 lv4 #e2 ,john xvii4 #b4 ,probably x is us$ "h specially aga9/ ! ,docetae1 h]etics :o d5i$ t ,*ri/ _h really tak5 fle%1 :i* !y cont5d$ 0 ess5tially pollut$ & corrupt4 8,docetae disc]nebant 9 hom9e tria pr9cipia 1 1 et vel 4 ,duo priora habebant ut ess5tialit] polluta1 cum quibus ideo ,v]bum hypo/atice uniri non posset4 ,/4 ,joannes haec tria ,v]bi hypo/asi fuisse unita docet1 hoc loco2 1 ,john xii4 #bg2 1 xi4 #cc2 xiii4 #ba2 xix4 #cj10 ,corluy1 p4 #dj1 note4 99,& dwelt499 ,_m ?9k1 ) ,/4 ,*ryso/om & ,/4 ,cyril1 t ! ,greek v]b us$ is employ$ specially to indicate t ! ,^w did n cease to be ,god :5 ,he became man1 b dwelt 9 ,8 humanity z 9 a t5t among m54 99,& we saw499 ,! ,greek v]b signifies to behold ) att5tion4 ,we beheld n m]ely ,8 human nature pres5t among u1 b we beheld ,8 glory z 9 ! transfiguration1 ,matt4 xvii4 #a1 & asc5sion1 ,acts i4 #i1 #aa4 ,= glory1 ! ,greek ^w is 1 ! solemn ,scriptural t]m = ! glori\s maje/y ( ,god4 99,! glory z x 799 7quasi1 ,gr4 7 ( ! onlybegott52 i4e41 glory su* z 0 becom+ ! onlybegott51 c4 ,bew>e ( tak+ ! mean+ to be3 a glory l t ( ! ,son ( ,god1 b n ,84 ,z ,/4 ,*rys4 po9ts out1 ! "h expresses n similitude1 b ! mo/ real id5tity7#bg73 8,z if he said3 ,we h se5 ,8 glory su* z x 0 becom+ & "r t ! only begott5 & true ,son ( ,god %\ld h40 ,s4 ,*rys4 on ,john1 ,hom4 xii4 99,( ! ,fa!r99 %\ld be 99f ! ,fa!r991 & may be jo9$ ei!r ) 8glory10 or ) 8only begott5407#bh7 99,full ( grace & tru?499 71 9 ! nom9ative1 is ! correct read+74 ,?is is to be connect$ closely ) ! beg9n+ ( ! v]se3 8,! ,^w 0 made fle%1 & dwelt among u1 full ( grace & tru?10 & ! o!r clause1 99,& we saw ,8 glory991 c41 is p>5!tic1 ?r[n 9 to prove ! prec$+ /atem5t4 ,*ri/ is said to h be5 full ( grace & tru?1 n m]ely 9 ,himself1 b also1 z ! foll[+ v]ses prove1 9 ref]5ce to m5 ) :om ,he freely %>$ !m4 ,ku9oel1 foll[$ by ,patrizzi1 und]/&s by 8grace & tru?0 true grace or true b5efits4 ,b x is m natural to take grace & tru? z two di/9ct ?+s1 see+ t !y are aga9 m5tion$ sep>ately 7 7 9 v]se #ag4 ,grace may be und]/ood 9 its wide/ s5se2 = n only _h ,*ri/ ! 8gratia unionis10 z x is call$1 :]eby ,8 humanity 0 hypo/atically unit$ to ! ,div9ity2 b1 moreov]1 ,8 human s\l 0 repl5i%$ to its utmo/ capacity ) creat$ grace1 :i* n only sanctifi$ ,him1 b 0 also ?r\gh ,him a s\rce ( sanctification to u4 ,see ,/4 ,?omas1 p4 #b1 sec4 #g1 #h4 ,*ri/ is said to be 8full ( tru?10 n only because 8all ! treasures ( wisdom & k are hidd5 9 ,him0 7,col4 ii4 #c71 b also because1 z v]se #ag /ates1 ,he gave u ! k ( ! true fai? & true way ( salvation4 #ae4 ,ioannes te/imonium #ae4 ,john be>e? witness ( p]hibet de ipso1 et clamat1 him1 & crie? out1 say+3 dic5s3 ,hic erat quem dixi3 ,?is 0 he ( :om ,i spoke3 ,qui po/ me v5turus e/1 ante ,he t %all come aft] me1 me factus e/3 quia prior me is pref]r$ be=e me3 erat4 because he 0 be=e me4 #ae4 99,john499 ,! ,bapti/ 7= x is he :o is meant3 comp4 ) ,john i4 #bg2 ,m>k i4 #d1 #g2 ,luke iii4 #b1 #af7 is n[ ref]r$ to p>5!tically1 z confirm+ :at our ,evangeli/ has said1 namely1 t ! et]nal ,^w dwelt among m54 99,crie? out499 7,gr4 p]f4 ) pres4 signif41 ,beel41 ,gr4 ,gram41 #da1 #d 7,b7 note72 viz41 gives solemn1 public te/imony4 99,?is 0 he ( :om ,i spoke99 7r1 said74 ,"s1 l ,patrizzi1 ?9k t ! te/imony ( ! ,bapti/ "h ref]r$ to is a di/9ct te/imony n m5tion$ else:]e4 ,o!rs1 & ) m probability1 hold t ! ,evangeli/ m5tions "h by anticipation ! same te/imony ^: circum/ances he describes 9 v]ses #bi & #cj4 99,he t %all come aft] me991 9 ,8 public m9i/ry1 99is pref]r$ be=e me1 because he 0 be=e me994 ,"s comm5tators1 z ,ku9oel & ,patrizzi1 und]/& 8be=e0 9 bo? cases ( "t3 is be=e ,me1 because ,he is et]nal2 o!rs1 z ,/4 ,*rys4 & ,toletus1 9 bo? cases ( dignity3 is pref]r$ be=e ,me1 because really pref]able2 & o!rs1 z our ,engli% v]sion1 ) ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,/4 ,?omas1 ,beel51 ,al=d1 9 ! =m] case ( dignity 9 ! latt] ( "t3 is pref]r$ be=e ,me1 because ,he is et]nal4 ,! la/ seems ! correct int]pretation1 & 9 x ! pa/ t5se 8is pref]r$0 7ante me factus e/7 is us$ prophetically = ! future1 or may be expla9$ z a pa/3 has be5 pref]r$ 9 ! designs ( ,god47#bi7 #af4 ,et de pl5itud9e eius nos #af4 ,& ( 8 fulness we all omnes accepimus1 et gratiam h receiv$1 & grace = pro gratia4 grace4 #ag4 ,quia lex p] ,moys5 data #ag4 ,= ! law 0 giv5 by e/1 gratia et v]itas p] ,moses1 grace & tru? came by ,iesum ,*ri/um facta e/4 ,jesus ,*ri/4 #af4 ,aft] ! p>5!tic clause conta9$ 9 v]se #ae1 ! ,evangeli/1 n ! ,bapti/1 cont9ues reg>d+ ! ,^w3 99,& ( 8 fulness99 7see v]se #ad7 99we h all receiv$1 & grace = grace994 ,! second 8&0 is explanatory4 99,grace = grace992 i4e4--7#a7 ! grace ( et]nal life foll[+ on ! grace ( ju/ification "h2 or 7#b7 abundant grace1 accord+ z ! grace giv5 to ,*ri/ 0 abundant3 gratia nobis pro gratia ,*ri/i 7,rom4 v4 #ae72 or 7#c7 ! m p]fect grace ( ! ,new ,law1 in/ead ( t giv5 "u ! ,old ,law 7,*ryso/om1 ,cyril1 ,patrizzi72 or 7#d71 & be/1 by a ,hebraism1 abundant grace4 8a'i dicitur de successione1 gratiam unam po/ aliam 7gratiam cumulatam740 7,beel41 ,gr4 ,gram41 #ea ,a47 ,s also ,ku94 #ag4 ,! ,evangeli/ confirms :at is /at$ 9 v]se #af1 & at ! same "t takes occasion to pref] ,*ri/ to ,moses1 z he has already pref]r$ ,him to ! ,bapti/4 ,moses 0 b ! m$ium ( communicat+ to ! ,jews ! ,mosaic ,law1 :i* only po9t$ out man's duty1 )\t enabl+ him to fulfil x--,rom4 vii4 #g1 #h2 b ,*ri/ 0 ! s\rce & au?or ( grace & tru? to u2 ( all ! graces :]eby we are to m]it heav51 & ( ! p]fect k ( ! true fai?4 ,?is is1 d\btless1 direct$ aga9/ "s ( ! ,judaiz]s1 :o held t sanctification ?r\gh ! ,mosaic ,law 0 at all times possible1 ev5 aft] ! ,*ri/ian religion 0 e/abli%$4 #ah4 ,deum nemo vidit unquam3 #ah4 ,no man ha? se5 ,god at unig5itus ,filius1 qui e/ 9 any "t3 ! onlybegott5 s9u ,patris1 ipse en>ravit4 ,son :o is 9 ! bosom ( ! ,fa!r1 he ha? decl>$ him4 #ah4 ,!re is consid]able diff]5ce ( op9ion z to ! drift or be>+ ( ?is v]se4 ,"s ?9k t a reason is giv5 :y only ,*ri/ c\ld give ! tru?1 because only ,he saw ,god 9 ,8 ess5ce4 ,o!rs1 t a reason is giv5 :y ! gifts ( ,*ri/ m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ v]se1 are sup]ior to ! ,law giv5 by ,moses1 namely1 because ,moses nev] saw ,god 9 ,8 ess5ce4 ,o!rs1 t ! evangeli/ expla9s h[ he & 8 fell[,apo/les receiv$ ( ,*ri/'s fulness1 n only ?r\gh :at ,*ri/ did 7#ag71 b ?r\gh :at ,he taught 7#ah72 & ! necessity = su* a ,div9e tea*] is %[n by ! fact t no "o b ,he ev] saw ,god4 ,s ,/4 ,?omas4 ,o!rs1 z ,maldonatus & ,patrizzi1 hold t ! ,evangeli/ is "h add+ to 8 own te/imony1 & t ( ! ,bapti/1 ! te/imony ( our ,"l ,himself1 9 fav\r ( all t he has said reg>d+ our ,"l 9 ?is sublime prologue2 ! mean+ be+3 ,:at ,i h said reg>d+ ! et]nity1 p]sonality1 & ,div9ity ( ! ,^w1 reg>d+ ,8 p[] z creator & reg5]ator1 & reg>d+ ,8 inc>nation1 ,i h nei!r se5 ) my own eyes1 nor le>n$ f anyone :o saw1 = 8no man ha? se5 ,god at any "t10 b ,jesus ,*ri/ ,himself expla9$ ^! ?+s to me4 99,no man ha? se5 ,god at any "t499 ,if und]/ood ( ! vision ( compreh5sion ?is is univ]sally true ( e creature1 man or angel2 if ( see+ ,god 9 ,8 ess5ce )\t compreh5d+ ,him1 x is true ( all :ile !y are "h bel[4 ,! latt] is ! s5se "h1 = ! ,evangeli/ wi%es to signify t he c\ld n h le>n$ f any m]e mortal ! =ego+ doctr9e4 ,! sa9ts 9 heav5 see ,god 9 ,8 ess5ce1 = z our ,evangeli/ tells u 9 8 ,fir/ ,epi/le3 8,we %all see ,him z ,he is0 7#a ,john iii4 #b4 ,see also ,john xvii4 #c74 99,! onlybegott5 ,son499 ,in/ead (3 8,! onlybegott5 ,son10 ! read+3 8,god onlybegott50 is f\nd 9 v _m anci5t au?orities1 & is almo/ equally probable4 ,7 x c]ta91 x w\ld be an additional pro( ( ,*ri/'s ,div9ity4 ,*ri/ is ! onlybegott5 ,son ( ,god1 because :ile ,he is ! natural ,son ( ,god1 all o!rs are b adopt$ sons4 99,:o is 9 ! bosom ( ! ,fa!r99 7 74 ,?is means t ! ,son is consub/antial ) ! ,fa!r3 8,9 illo ergo s9u1 id e/ 9 occultissimo pat]nae naturae et ess5tiae1 quae exc$it omnem virtutem creaturae1 e/ unig5itus ,filius1 et ideo consub/antialis e/ ,patri40 ,/4 ,?omas on ?is v]se4 99,he ha? decl>$ him499 8,him0 is n repres5t$ 9 ! orig9al2 & if our view ( ! v]se is ! correct "o1 ! object ( ! v]b 8ha? decl>$0 is n s mu* ! ,^w1 z ! doctr9e conta9$ 9 ?is prologue conc]n+ ,him47#cj7 #ai4 ,et hoc e/ te/imonium #ai4 ,& ?is is ! te/imony ,ioannis1 qu&o mis]unt ( ,john1 :5 ! ,jews s5t ,iudaei ab ,i]osolymis f ,j]usalem prie/s & sac]dotes et ,levitas ad eum1 ,levites to him1 to ask him3 ut int]rog>5t eum3 ,tu quis ,:o art ?\8 es8 #ai4 ,! ,evangeli/ n[ records1 ) its v>i\s circum/ances1 "o ( ! mo/ solemn te/imonies borne by ! ,bapti/ to ,*ri/4 ,! 8,jews0 are probably ! ,sanh$rim1 ^: duty x 0 to inquire into ! cr$5tials ( prea*]s4 ,! deputation 01 !re=e1 a mo/ solemn "o1 s5t by ! ,sanh$rim1 f ! ,jewi% capital1 compos$ ( ,prie/s & ,levites1 to make inquiries reg>d+ a mom5t\s "q4 #bj4 ,et confessus e/1 et non #bj4 ,& he confess$1 & did negavit3 et confessus e/3 n d5y3 & he confess$3 ,i ,quia non sum ego ,*ri/us4 am n ! ,*ri/4 #bj4 ,! ,bapti/ fir/ confesses :at he is n1 & :at _m at ! "t believ$ him to be1 namely1 ! ,*ri/ 7,luke iii4 #ae74 #ba4 ,et int]rogav]unt eum3 #ba4 ,& !y ask$ him3 ,:at ,quid ergo8 ,elias es tu8 ,et !n8 ,art ?\ ,elias8 ,& he dixit3 ,non sum4 ,propheta es said3 ,i am n4 ,art ?\ ! tu8 ,et respondit3 ,non4 prophet8 ,& he answ]$3 ,no4 #bb4 ,dix]unt ergo ei3 ,quis es1 #bb4 ,!y said !re=e unto ut responsum demus 8 qui him3 ,:o art ?\1 t we may mis]unt nos8 quid dicis de give an answ] to !m t teipso8 s5t u8 ,:at saye/ ?\ ( ?yself8 #ba4 99,art ?\ ,elias899 ,?is "q arose f a misund]/&+ ( ,mal4 iv4 #e4 99,art ?\ ! prophet899 7 71 z =etold by ,moses 7,deut4 xviii4 #ae74 ,^! int]rogators evid5tly reg>d$ 8! prophet0 z diff]5t f ! ,messias1 ?\gh 9 reality !y 7 ! same4 ,see ,acts iii4 #bbbd4 #bc4 ,ait3 ,ego vox clamantis 9 #bc4 ,he said3 ,i am ! voice des]to3 ,dirigite viam ,dom9i1 ( "o cry+ 9 ! sicut dixit ,isaias propheta4 wild]ness1 ,make /raight ! way ( ! ,"l1 z said ! prophet ,isaias4 #bc4 ,! ,bapti/ ) /rik+ humility replies t he is m]ely a voice1 a pass+ sign--yet t voice spok5 ( by ,isaias1 :i* 0 to call ^u m5 to prep>e _! he>ts to receive ,*ri/4 ,! ,hebrew ( ,isaias may be r5d]$3 8,! voice ( "o t crie? 9 ! wild]ness3 ,prep>e ye ! way ( ! ,"l 7,jehovah71 make /raight 9 ! des]t a highway = our ,god40 ,or1 z is m probable f ! ,hebrew p>allelism3 8,! voice ( "o t crie?3 ,prep>e ye 9 ! wild]ness ! way ( ! ,"l1 make /raight 9 ! des]t a highway = our ,god40 ,! ,bapti/1 9 apply+ to himself ?is prophetic passage1 :i* is also appli$ to him by ! ?ree ,synoptic ,evangeli/s 7,matt4 iii4 #c2 ,m>k i4 #c2 ,luke iii4 #d71 gives m]ely ! sub/ance ( ! orig9al4 ,x is disput$ :e!r ,isaias ref]s 9 ! lit]al s5se to prep>+ ! roads by :i* ! p %\ld return f ! ,babylonian ,captivity1 & only 9 ! my/ical s5se to ! prep>ation = ! ,messias1 or directly & lit]ally to ! prep>ation = ! ,messias4 ,! latt] seems ! m probable view4 ,at any rate1 ! words z appli$ "h mean t ! ,bapti/ is ! voice to :i* ,isaias ref]r$ 79 "s s5se lit]al or my/ical71 & t ! burd5 ( 8 cry 9 ! des]t ( ,judea is1 t m5 :o he>d him 9 ! des]t %\ld prep>e _! he>ts = ,*ri/4 ,! language is metaphorical1 & alludes to ! cu/om preval5t 9 ^? days ( s5d+ =w>d c\ri]s to get ! roads ready = advanc+ pr9ces4 #bd4 ,et qui missi fu]ant1 #bd4 ,& !y t 7 s5t erant ex ,ph>isaeis4 7 ( ! ,ph>isees4 #bd4 ,! ,ph>isees 7 a sect among ! ,jews1 s call$ accord+ to "s f _! f\nd]1 ,ph>os1 or m probably1 p]haps1 f ! ,hebrew v]b 8ph>a%0 77 to sep>ate1 z ?\gh !y 7 sep>at$ f & above ord9>y m51 ow+ to _! /rict obs]vance ( ! ,law4 ,!y held _m errone\s t5ets3 ?us--7#a7 ,!y reli$ = ,god's fav\r ^u _! c>nal desc5t f ,abraham4 7#b7 ,!y taught t no oa? 0 b9d+ 9 :i* ! "n ( ,god or ! gold ( ! temple 0 n expressly invok$4 7#c7 ,t int]nal s9s 7 n =bidd52 & 7#d7 "s ( _! s*ools admitt$ ! "r ( arbitr>y divorce4 ,see ,matt4 v4 #cccf2 xix4 #c2 xxiii4 #be4 ,et int]rogav]unt eum1 et #be4 ,& !y ask$ him1 & dix]unt ei3 ,quid ergo said to him3 ,:y !n do/ baptizas1 si tu non es ?\ baptize1 if ?\ be n ,*ri/us1 neque ,elias1 neque ,*ri/1 nor ,elias1 nor ! propheta8 prophet8 #bf4 ,respondit eis ,ioannes1 #bf4 ,john answ]$ !m1 dic5s3 ,ego baptizo 9 aqua3 say+3 ,i baptize ) wat]2 m$ius autem ve/rum /etit1 b !re ha? /ood "o 9 quem vos nescitis4 ! mid/ ( y1 :om y "k n4 #be4 ,be+ ,ph>isees1 & !re=e v]s$ 9 ! ,law1 !y knew f ,eze*4 xxxvi4 #be1 & ,za*4 xiii4 #a1 t 9 ! "t ( ! ,messias !re 0 to be a baptism unto ! remission ( s9s4 ,!y conclud$1 !n1 t only ! ,messias1 or "s ( ^? t 7 to accompany ,him1 c\ld conf] ?is baptism2 &1 n und]/&+ ! import ( ! ,bapti/'s answ]1 v]se #bc1 9 :i* he really decl>$ himself ! h]ald ( ,*ri/'s com+1 !y ask :y he presumes to baptize4 #bf4 ,! ,bapti/ answ]s t 8 is n ! baptism =etold by ! ,prophets1 :i* 0 to cleanse ! s9n]1 b z he _h decl>$ at ! beg9n+ ( 8 prea*+1 a baptism unto p5ance 7,matt4 iii4 #ba74 ,john's baptism consi/$ 9 an ablution ( ! body1 accompani$ by ! pr(ession ( a p5it5tial _s1 prep>atory to ! com+ ( ,him :o 0 to baptize ) ! ,holy ,gho/ & fire 7,matt4 iii4 #aa74 ,x c\ld 9 no s5se be said to remit s92 :ile ! baptism ( ,*ri/ really remits s9 7,acts ii4 #ch74 ,h5ce ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t def9$3--8,si quis dix]it baptismum ,joannis habuisse eamdem vim cum baptismo ,*ri/i ana!ma sit40 7,sess4 vii41 ,c4 i47 ,de ,bapt4 99,!re ha? /ood99 772 r !re 99/&e?991 ! p]fect ( ?is v]b hav+ a pres5t signification4 ,_m au?orities inde$ read ! lat] pres5t 4 ,! mean+ is n t our ,"l 0 !n actually pres5t 9 ! cr[d1 else ,/4 ,john w\ld probably h po9t$ him out1 z he did on ! foll[+ day 7v4 #bi72 b t ,he 0 already pres5t among ! ,jewi% p1 0 already liv+ among !m4 #bg4 ,ipse e/ qui po/ me #bg4 ,! same is he t %all v5turus e/1 qui ante me come aft] me1 :o is factus e/3 cuius ego non sum pref]r$ be=e me3 ! dignus ut solvam eius lat*et ( ^: %oe ,i am n corrigiam calceam5ti4 wor?y to loose4 #bg4 ,_m au?orities omit ! words3 8,! same is10 & also3 8:o is pref]r$ be=e me10 & !n connect ) ! prec$+ ?us3 8,b !re ha? /ood ,"o 9 ! mid/ ( y :om y "k n1 ev5 ,he t %all come 7r1 t come?7 aft] me1 ! lat*et ( ^: %oe ,i am n wor?y to loose40 ,s ,tis*41 ,treg41 ,we/cott1 & ,hort1 & ! ,rev4 ,v]s4 ,x is n easy to expla9 :y ! words are want+ 9 s _m ,,mss41 if !y 7 writt5 by ,/4 ,john2 c]ta9ly x is easi] to believe t !y 7 ins]t$ by "s scribe to br+ ! v]se into clos] resemblance to #ae & #cj4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! v]se1 ! ,bapti/ decl>es himself unwor?y to p]=m ! l[e/ m5ial s]vice = ,*ri/4 ,to loose ! s&als ( _! ma/]s 0 ! bus9ess ( slaves2 yet = ev5 su* s]vice to ,*ri/ ! great ,prophet confesses himself unfit4 #bh4 ,haec 9 ,be?ania facta #bh4 ,^! ?+s 7 done 9 sunt trans ,iordanem1 ubi erat ,be?ania beyond ! ,jordan1 ,ioannes baptizans4 :]e ,john 0 baptiz+4 #bh4 99,be?ania991 "h m5tion$1 0 situat$ 9 ,p]aea1 ea/ ( ! ,jordan1 & mu/ be c>efully di/+ui%$ f ! t[n ( ! same "n1 9 :i* ,laz>us liv$1 ab\t two miles ea/ ( ,j]usalem1 b we/ ( ! ,jordan4 ,_m anci5t au?orities read ,be?ab>a1 in/ead ( ,be?ania4 ,orig51 ?\gh admitt+ t ne>ly all ! ,,mss4 ( 8 "t read ,be?ania1 *ang$ x1 on topographical gr\nds1 = ,be?ab>a1 9 8 edition ( our ,gospel4 ,be?ania1 accord+ to "s1 means ! h\se ( a %ip 7 71 :ile ,be?ab>a means ! h\se ( a f]ryboat 7 72 s t1 p]haps1 !y may h be5 diff]5t names = ! same place on ! ,jordan4 #bi4 ,alt]a die vidit ,ioannes #bi4 ,! next day ,john saw ,iesum v5i5tem ad se1 et ait3 ,jesus com+ to him1 & he ,ecce ,agnus ,dei1 ecce qui sai?3 ,behold ! lamb ( ,god1 tollit peccatum mundi4 behold him :o take? away ! s9 ( ! _w4 #bi4 ,on ! day aft] t on :i* ! ,bapti/ bore ! prec$+ te/imony1 he saw ,jesus com+ t[>ds him4 ,?is is ! fir/ "t t ! m5tion ( ! ,holy ,"n occurs 9 our ,gospel4 99,jesus99 7,gr4 7 is ! same z ! ,hebrew 1 :i* is itself a contraction = 1 mean+ ,god ! ,savi\r4 ,t our ,"l 0 s call$1 to %[ t ,he 0 to be ! ,savi\r ( m51 is cle> f ! words ( ! angel to ,/4 ,joseph3 8,& %e %all br+ =? a son2 & ?\ %alt call ,8 "n ,,jesus1 = ,he %all save ,8 p f _! s9s0 7,matt4 i4 #ba74 ,we _c be c]ta9 :5ce ,jesus 0 n[ com+2 b x seems v probable t ,he 0 com+ f ! des]t aft] ,8 =ty days' fa/4 ,we "k f ,/4 ,m>k 7i4 #ab7 t z soon z ,he 0 baptiz$1 8imm$iately ! _s drove ,him out into ! des]t1 & ,he 0 9 ! des]t =ty days & =ty nights40 ,s9ce1 !n1 ! pres5t occasion 0 subsequ5t to ,8 baptism1 z we le>n f a comp>ison ( v]se #cc ) ,/4 ,mat!w iii4 #af 7= ! ,bapti/ alludes1 on ! pres5t occasion1 to :at took place at ! baptism71 x foll[s t x mu/ h be5 at lea/ =ty days subsequ5t4 ,*ri/ seems too to h be5 abs5t :51 on ! day be=e ?is1 ! ,bapti/ bore witness to ,him1 else ! ,bapti/ w\ld h probably po9t$ ,him out z pres5t1 j z he does on ?is occasion4 ,all ?+s consid]$1 !n1 x is likely ,jesus is n[ return+1 & t ! ,bapti/ "h takes ! fir/ opportunity ( aga9 comm5d+ ,him to ! p4 99,behold ! lamb99 7 7 ( ,god4 ,! ,bapti/1 9 ^! words1 po9ts out ,jesus z ! ,messias1 = !re is evid5t allusion to ,isaias liii4 #gab1 :]e ! ,messias is comp>$ to a lamb be=e 8 %e>]s1 be>+ ! s9s ( _m4 ,9 ref]r+ to ,jesus z a lamb1 ! ,bapti/ recall$ ?is prophecy1 ins9uat$ ,*ri/'s innoc5ce1 & p]haps sugge/$ t he 0 to be sacrific$4 99,lamb ( ,god991 because (f]$ by ,god = ! s9s ( m51 z we speak ( ! sacrifice ( ,abraham1 mean+ ! sacrifice (f]$ by him2 or x may mean simply ! ,div9e ,lamb4 ,b ! fir/ op9ion seems m probable4 99,:o take? away ! s9 ( ! _w499 ,e ^w is emphatic4 ,*ri/ n m]ely cov]s up1 or ab/a9s f imput+ s91 b ,he takes x away altoge!r1 z f> z 9 ,him lies4 ,& x is n m]ely legal impurities t ! sacrifice ( ?is ,div9e ,lamb w remove1 b s92 & n m]ely ! s9 ( "o race1 l ! ,jewi%1 b ! s9 ( ! :ole _w4 8,s910 9 ! s+ul> numb]1 designates z "o collective :ole e s9 ( e k9d4 #cj4 ,hic e/ de quo dixi3 ,po/ #cj4 ,?is is he ( :om ,i said3 me v5it vir qui ante me ,aft] me !re come? a man1 factus e/1 quia prior me :o is pref]r$ be=e me3 erat3 because he 0 be=e me4 #cj4 ,! ,bapti/ goes on to say t ,jesus is t v ,p]son ( :om he _h said on a previ\s occasion3 99,aft] me991 c4 ,"s take ! ref]5ce "h to be to ! te/imony ( ! prec$+ day1 :5 ! ,bapti/ bore witnesses 9 v]se #bg2 o!rs ?9k ! ref]5ce is to ! occasion spok5 ( 9 v]se #ae1 & reg>d t te/imony z di/9ct f ! "o record$ 9 v]se #bg4 ,we pref] ! latt] view1 & di/+ui% 9 all six te/imonies ( ! ,bapti/ record$ 9 ! ,gospels4 ,! fir/1 be=e ,*ri/'s ,baptism1 z 9 ,matt4 iii4 #aa2 ,m>k i4 #g2 ,luke iii4 #af2 ! second1 z 9 ,john i4 #ae2 ! ?ird1 z 9 ,john i4 #aibg2 ! f\r?1 z 9 ,john i4 #bicd2 ! fif?1 z 9 ,john i4 #cecf2 & ! six? & la/1 z 9 ,john iii4 #bgcf4 #ca4 ,et ego nesciebam eum1 s$ #ca4 ,& ,i knew him n1 b ut manife/etur 9 ,israel1 t he may be made manife/ propt]ea v5i ego 9 aqua 9 ,israel1 !re=e am ,i come baptizans4 baptiz+ ) wat]4 #ca4 99,& ,i knew him n992 i4e41 (ficially1 s z to be able to be> witness to ,him publicly2 or1 bett]3 ,i knew ,him n p]sonally2 ,i 0 unacqua9t$ ) ,him1 s t my te/imony 9 ,8 fav\r !n & n[ _c be ! result ( prejudice or p>tiality t[>ds ,him4 ,! ,bapti/ 0 inde$ a relative ( our ,"l 7,luke i4 #cf71 & mu/ kn[n :at 8 fa!r1 ,za*>y1 _h decl>$1 8,praeibis enim ante faciem ,dom9i p>>e vias ejus0 7,luke i4 #gf71 t he himself 0 to h]ald ! public com+ ( ,jesus4 ,yet1 z ,jesus dwelt at ,naz>e? 9 ,galilee dur+ ,8 private life2 & ,john1 re>$ 9 ! hill c\ntry ( ,juda 7,luke i4 #ci71 sp5t ! ye>s be=e 8 public mission--p]haps f 8 v *ildhood 7z ,orig51 ,mald47 9 ! des]ts 7,luke i4 #hj71 x is conceivable h[ he might n h kn[n ,*ri/'s appe>ance4 8,:at wond]10 says ,/4 ,*rys41 8if he :o f 8 *ildhood sp5t 8 life 9 ! des]t1 away f 8 fa!r's home1 did n "k ,*ri/80 ,b z he _h1 :ile /ill 9 8 "m's womb1 be5 div9ely mov$ to recognise ,*ri/ 7,luke i4 #da1 #dd72 s1 imm$iately be=e ! baptism ( ! latt]1 he 0 enabl$ to recognise ,him 7,matt4 iii4 #ad74 #cb4 ,et te/imonium p]hibuit #cb4 ,& ,john gave te/imony1 ,ioannes1 dic5s3 ,quia vidi say+3 ,i saw ! ,_s ,spiritum desc5d5tem quasi com+ d[n z a dove f columbam de coelo1 et mansit heav51 & he rema9$ ^u sup] eum4 him4 #cc4 ,et ego nesciebam eum3 s$ #cc4 ,& ,i knew him n3 b qui misit me baptiz>e 9 he1 :o s5t me to baptize aqua1 ille mihi dixit3 ,sup] ) wat]1 said to me3 ,he quem vid]is ,spiritum ^u :om ?\ %alt see ! desc5d5tem1 et man5tem ,_s desc5d+ & sup] eum1 hic e/ qui rema9+ ^u him1 he x is baptizat 9 ,spiritu ,sancto4 t baptize? ) ! ,holy ,gho/4 #cd4 ,et ego vidi3 et #cd4 ,& ,i saw2 & ,i gave te/imonium p]hibui quia hic te/imony1 t ?is is ! e/ ,filius ,dei4 ,son ( ,god4 #cbcd4 ,"s1 z ,patrizzi1 take ?is z a new te/imony2 o!rs1 ) m probability1 take x z a cont9uation ( ! prec$+1 & say t our ,evangeli/ ins]ts ! words1 99& ,john gave te/imony991 9 ! middle ( ! ,bapti/'s words1 9 ord] to arre/ ! read]'s att5tion4 ,! ,bapti/ "h decl>es :at he _h beheld aft] ! baptism ( ,*ri/ 7,matt4 iii4 #af71 & h[ t sign _h be5 reveal$ to him be=eh& z "o t 0 to m>k out ! ,messias1 & confirm 8 own fai?3 & h[ he _h accord+ly on t occasion borne witness t ,jesus is ! ,son ( ,god4 99,t baptize? ) ! ,holy ,gho/992 i4e41 :o w wa% y1 n ) wat]1 b 9 ! graces ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,!re may be special ref]5ce to ! graces conf]r$ 9 ,*ri/ian baptism4 #ce4 ,alt]a die it]um /abat #ce4 ,! next day aga9 ,john ,ioannes1 et ex discipulis eius /ood1 & two ( 8 duo4 disciples4 #cf4 ,et respici5s ,iesum #cf4 ,& behold+ ,jesus ambulantem1 dicit3 ,ecce ,agnus walk+1 he sai?3 ,behold ! ,dei4 ,lamb ( ,god4 #cg4 ,et audi]unt eum duo #cg4 ,& ! two disciples discipuli loqu5tem1 et secuti he>d him speak1 & !y sunt ,iesum4 foll[$ ,jesus4 #ch4 ,conv]sus autem ,iesus1 et #ch4 ,& ,jesus turn+1 & vid5s eos sequ5tes se1 dicit see+ !m foll[+ him1 eis3 ,quid qua]itis8 ,qui said to !m3 ,:at seek y8 dix]unt ei3 ,rabbi 7quod ,:o said to him3 ,rabbi 7:i* dicitur int]pretatum1 is to say1 be+ int]pret$1 magi/]71 ubi habitas8 ,ma/]71 :]e dwelle/ ?\8 #cech4 ,circum/ances 9 :i* ! fir/ disciples atta*$ !mselves to ,jesus4 ,! ,evangeli/ int]prets ! ,syro,*aldaic ^w ,rabbi 7#ch71 because he is writ+ = ! ,*ri/ians ( ,asia ,m9or4 #ci4 ,dicit eis3 ,v5ite1 et #ci4 ,he sai? to !m3 ,come & videte4 ,v5]unt1 et vid]unt see4 ,!y came1 & saw :]e ubi man]et1 et apud eum he abode1 & !y /aid ) mans]unt die illo3 hora autem him t day3 n[ x 0 ab\t erat quasi decima4 ! t5? h\r4 #ci4 99,ab\t ! t5? h\r499 ,accord+ to ^? :o hold t ,/4 ,john numb]s ! h\rs ( ! day aft] ! ,jewi% me?od1 ! "t "h indicat$ w\ld be ab\t two h\rs be=e sunset4 ,= ! ,jews divid$ ! natural day or "t ( light into twelve equal p>ts1 ea* "p be+ "o twelf? ( ! :ole1 s t ! l5g? ( _! h\r v>i$ accord+ to ! season ( ! ye>4 ,if we suppose ,/4 ,john to numb] z we d n[1 & z ! ,greeks did !n1 ! "t "h indicat$ w\ld be ab\t #aj a4m4 #dj4 ,erat autem ,&reas frat] #dj4 ,& ,&rew ! bro!r ( ,simonis ,petri unus ex duobus ,simon ,pet] 0 "o ( ! two qui audi]ant a ,ioanne1 et :o _h he>d ( ,john1 & secuti fu]ant eum4 foll[$ him4 #dj4 ,x is extremely probable t ! o!r :o foll[$1 & ^: "n is n giv51 0 our ,evangeli/ himself4 ,see ,introd4 ,i4 ,b4 #b4 #da4 ,inv5it hic primum fratrem #da4 ,he f9de? fir/ 8 suum ,simonem1 et dicit ei3 bro!r ,simon1 & sai? to ,inv5imus ,messiam 7quod e/ him3 ,we h f\nd ! int]pretatum ,*ri/us74 ,messias1 :i* is1 be+ int]pret$1 ! ,*ri/4 #da4 99,fir/992 i4e41 be=e ! o!r 7our ,evangeli/7 f9de? 8 bro!r1 ,james4 99,messias99 7f ! ,hebrew root ,ma%* 771 to ano9t7 ano9t$4 ,x 0 ! cu/om to ano9t ,hebrew k+s1 prie/s1 & prophets2 & ,*ri/1 z comb9+ ! ?ree dignities 9 ,himself1 0 ! ano9t$ by excell5ce4 #db4 ,et adduxit eum ad ,iesum4 #db4 ,& he br\ght him to ,intuitus autem eum ,iesus1 ,jesus4 ,& ,jesus look+ ^u dixit3 ,tu es ,simon filius him said3 ,?\ art ,simon ! ,iona3 tu vocab]is ,cephas1 son ( ,jona3 ?\ %alt be quod int]pretatur ,petrus4 call$ ,cephas1 :i* is int]pret$ ,pet]4 #db4 ,*ri/'s omnisci5ce is left to be inf]r$ f ,8 kn[+ ,simon7#ca7 "h at fir/ sight4 99,cephas991 ,syro,*aldaic1 ,kpha 772 ,hebrew ,keph 77 7rock71 f :i* we h ) ! fem99e t]m9ation *ang$ into ! mascul9e4 ,! *ange ( ,simon's "n 0 n[ pr$ict$1 b 0 probably n made till aft]w>ds4 ,see ,m>k iii4 #af4 #dc4 ,9 cra/9um voluit exire #dc4 ,on ! foll[+ day he 9 ,galilaeam1 et inv5it w\ld g =? into ,galilee1 ,philippum4 ,et dicit ei ,iesus3 & he f9de? ,philip4 ,& ,sequ]e me4 ,jesus sai? to him3 ,foll[ me4 #dc4 99,on ! foll[+ day he w\ld g =?499 ,! s5se is3 :5 ,he 0 ab\t to set out2 8cum 9 eo esset1 ut e ,judaea abiret0 7,ku9474 ,jesus _h come f ,naz>e?1 ! home ( ,8 private life 9 ,galilee1 to be baptiz$ by ,john1 7,matt4 iii4 #ac2 ,m>k i4 #i74 ,he _h !n sp5t =ty days 9 ! des]t1 & be5 tempt$ !re1 7,matt4 iii4 #af;iv4 #c72 _h return$ f ! des]t to ! ,jordan1 & be5 witness$ to aga9 by ! ,bapti/ 7see above ,john i4 #ae1 #aicf71 & 0 n[ on ! po9t ( return+ to ,galilee4 99,foll[ me499 ,philip to :om ^! words 7 address$ 0 aft]w>ds ! ,apo/le ( t "n4 ,! call to foll[ our ,"l on ?is occasion 0 n ! =mal call to ! ,apo/le%ip1 b r an invitation to him to become a disciple4 ,! same is to be said reg>d+ ! o!rs ref]r$ to 9 ?is *apt]1 ,pet]1 ,&rew1 ,james1 ,john1 & ,na?anael4 ,f\r ( ^!--,pet]1 ,&rew1 ,james1 & ,john1 :o _h 9 ! meantime return$ to ,galilee1 & 7 pursu+ _! call+ ( fi%]m51 7 aga9 call$1 ,matt4 iv4 #ahbb1 ,luke v4 #aaa2 & on ?is second occasion 8leav+ all ?+s !y foll[$ ,him10 & became insep>ably atta*$ to ,him z disciples4 ,f9ally1 ! solemn =mal call ( ! twelve to ! ,apo/le%ip is n>rat$1 ,matt4 x4 #b2 ,luke vi4 #ac4 #dd4 ,erat autem ,philippus a #dd4 ,n[ ,philip 0 ( ,be?saida1 civitate ,&reae et ,be?saida1 ! city ( ,&rew ,petri4 & ,pet]4 #dd4 99,be?saida499 ,9 our view !re 7 two t[ns ( ?is "n3 ! "o m5tion$ "h1 on ! we/]n %ore ( ! sea ( ,galilee1 ab\t f\r miles s\? ( ,caph>naum2 ! o!r ,be?saida ,julias1 situat$ to ! nor? ea/ ( ! same sea4 ,! latt] 0 enl>g$ & greatly improv$ by ,philip ! ,tetr>*1 son ( ,h]od ! ,great1 :o gave x ! "n ,julias1 9 hon\r ( ,julia ! daught] ( ! ,roman ,emp]or ,augu/us4 #de4 ,inv5it ,philippus #de4 ,philip f9de? ,na?anael1 ,na?anal1 et dicit ei3 ,quem & sai? to him3 ,we h scripsit ,moyses 9 lege1 et f\nd him ( :om ,moses 9 ! prophetae1 inv5imus ,iesum law1 & ! prophets did filium ,ioseph a ,naz>e?4 write1 ,jesus ! son ( ,joseph ( ,naz>e?4 #df4 ,et dixit ei ,na?anal3 ,a #df4 ,& ,na?anael said to him3 ,naz>e? pote/ aliquid boni ,c any?+ ( good come f esse8 ,dicit ei ,philippus3 ,naz>e?8 ,philip sai? to him3 ,v5i1 et vide4 ,come & see4 #de4 ,philip n only obeys ! call to become a disciple himself1 b br+s ano!r disciple ) him to ,jesus4 ,na?anael 7 ,deus d$it7 0 a native ( ,cana 9 ,galilee 7,john xxi4 #b71 & is mo/ probably id5tical ) ,b>?olomew 7 son ( ,tolmai7 ! ,apo/le1 8,= ,na?anael & ,philip are c\pl$ 9 ,john i4 #de1 z ,b>?olomew & ,philip are "h 7,matt4 x4 #c72 ,na?anael is nam$ 9 ! v mid/ ( ,apo/les1 ,john xxi4 #b4 #8,!re 7 toge!r ,simon ,pet]1 & ,?omas1 :o is call$ ,didymus1 & ,na?anael :o 0 ( ,cana ( ,galilee1 & ! sons ( ,zeb$ee4' ,w\ld anyone b an ,apo/le be s nam$8 ,f9ally1 ,mat!w1 ,luke1 & ,m>k d n allude to ,na?anael1 nor does ,john to ,b>?olomew0 7,m',c>?y on ,matt4 x4 #c74 99,! son ( ,joseph499 ,d\btless1 he means a son conceiv$ & born 9 ! ord9>y way4 ,s x 0 g5]ally ?\ght1 & s ?\ght ,philip1 ignorant ( ! miracul\s conception ( ,*ri/1 & ( ,8 bir? at ,be?lehem4 ,x is absurd to *>ge our ,evangeli/1 z ,de ,wette has done1 ) ignorance ( ,*ri/'s miracul\s bir? ( a virg91 because he records ! ignorance ( ,philip4 99,naz>e?991 = ev] fam\s z ! sc5e ( ! inc>nation1 0 a little t[n 9 ,l[] ,galilee1 9 ! tribal t]ritory ( ,zabulon4 ,x 0 ! dwell+place ( our ,"l dur+ ,8 private life4 ,naz>e?1 inde$ all ,galilee1 0 held 9 contempt 7see ,john vii4 #eb71 & h5ce ,na?anael's d\bt1 7v]se #df71 ?\gh he 0 himself a ,galilean 7,john xxi4 #b74 #dg4 ,vidit ,iesus ,na?anal #dg4 ,jesus saw ,na?anael com+ v5i5tem ad se1 et dicit de to him1 & he sai? ( him3 eo2 ,ecce v]e ,israelita1 9 ,behold an ,israelite inde$1 9 quo dolus non e/4 :om !re is no guile4 #dh4 ,dicit ei ,na?anal3 ,unde #dh4 ,na?anael sai? to him3 me no/i8 ,respondit ,iesus1 et ,:5ce kn[e/ ?\ me8 ,jesus dixit ei3 ,priusquam te answ]$1 & said to him3 ,philippus voc>et1 cum esses ,be=e t ,philip call$ sub ficu1 vidi te4 !e1 :5 ?\ wa/ "u ! figtree1 ,i saw !e4 #di4 ,respondit ei ,na?anal1 et #di4 ,na?anael answ]$ him1 ait3 ,rabbi1 tu es ,filius ,dei1 & said3 ,rabbi1 ?\ art ! tu es rex ,israel4 ,son ( ,god1 ?\ art ! ,k+ ( ,israel4 #dgdi4 ,:5 ,na?anael _h approa*$ ne> en\gh to be able to he> :at 0 said1 b be=e he _h spok5 any?+ f :i* our ,"l might h be5 ?\ght to guess at 8 "*1 our ,"l said3 99,behold an ,israelite 9999 inde$1 9 :om !re is no guile992 t is to say1 "o :o1 n m]ely by desc5t1 b by ! simplicity & hone/y ( 8 "*1 is a true son ( ,jacob4 ,see ,g54 xxv4 #bg2 ,rom4 ix4 #f4 ,jacob's "n 0 *ang$ into ,israel1 aft] he wre/l$ ) ! angel1 ,g54 xxxii4 #bh4 #dgdi4 ,na?anael mu/ h felt conv9c$ t he _h be5 hidd5 f ,*ri/'s natural view1 o!rwise he c\ld n draw ! inf]5ce :i*1 aid$ by div9e grace1 he draws4 ,:e!r ,na?anael yet recognis$ ,jesus to be true ,god1 & pr(ess$ 8 belief 9 ,him z su*1 9 ! words ( v]se #di1 is disput$4 ,if we are to judge f 8 words 7 71 ! affirmative op9ion seems mu* m probable4 ,! words are an e*o ( ! ,bapti/'s te/imony 7v4 #cd71 b ,na?anael confesses n alone ,*ri/'s ,div9e orig91 b also ,8 human sov]eignty3 ,?\ art ! ,son ( ,god1 ,?\ art ! ,k+ ( ,israel4 #ej4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #ej4 ,jesus answ]$ & said to ei3 ,quia dixi tibi3 ,vidi te him3 ,because ,i said unto !e1 sub ficu1 cr$is3 maius 8 ,i saw !e "u ! figtree1 videbis4 ?\ believe/3 great] ?+s ?an ^! %alt ?\ see4 #ej4 ,jesus promises ,na?anael /rong] argum5ts 9 pro( ( ,8 ,div9ity4 ,9 ! words3 99,great] ?+s ?an ^! %alt ?\ see991 ! plural ^! seems to po9t to ! class & n m]ely ! special incid5t4 #ea4 ,et dicit ei3 ,am51 am54 #ea4 ,& he sai? to him3 ,am51 dico vobis1 videbitis coelum am51 ,i say to y1 y %all ap]tum1 et ,angelos ,dei see ! heav5 op5$1 & ! asc5d5tes1 et desc5d5tes ,angels ( ,god asc5d+ & supra ,filium hom9is4 desc5d+ ^u ! son ( man4 #ea4 99,am51 am5991 is peculi> to ,john4 ,! o!r ,evangeli/s use 8,am50 only once 9 su* assev]ations4 8,am5 means v]ily 7at ! end ( a pray]1 s be x72 & :5 d\bl$1 /r5g!ns ! assev]ation1 & po9ts to ! solemnity ( ! decl>ation ab\t to foll[0 7,m',ev474 99,son ( man499 ,?is t]m1 probably d]iv$ 9 its ,messianic s5se f ,dan4 vii4 #ac1 #ad1 0 v r>ely appli$ to ,*ri/1 except by ,himself1 & we f9d ,him us+ x v frequ5tly 7?\gh n exclusively2 see1 e4g41 ,matt4 ix4 #f2 xxiii4 #cj2 ,acts vii4 #ef7 9 connection ) ,8 privations1 suff]+s1 & dea? 7,matt4 viii4 #bj2 xii4#dj2 xvii4 #ab2 xxvi4 #babe2 ,john iii4 #ad1 c474 ,x indicates t ,*ri/ 0 n only man l ,adam2 b t1 unlike him1 ,he 0 desc5d$ ( man1 & !re=e our bro!r 9 ! true/ s5se4 99,y %all see499 ,?\gh ,na?anael is address$ 7& ,he sai? to him71 yet ! plural 7videbitis7 %[s t ! wondr\s sign "h promis$ 0 to be se5 n by him alone1 b at lea/ by ,philip also1 & probably by o!rs4 ,! mean+ ( ! pr$iction is obscure4 ,evid5tly "s great sign is promis$2 b :at x is1 int]pret]s are f> f agre$4 ,"s take ! words metaphorically1 o!rs lit]ally4 ,( ^? :o und]/& !m metaphorically1 "s take ! s5se to be3 ,y %all see num]\s miracles1 su* z are usually attribut$ to angels 7or1 9 ! p]=mance ( :i* angels %all m9i/] to ,me7 wr\ght by ,me1 ! ,son ( ,man1 dur+ ,my public life4 ,s ,beel51 ,mai]1 c4 ,we _c accept ?is view1 = x seems highly improbable t our ,"l w\ld speak 9 language s obscure to ! guileless ,na?anael & 8 companions on an occasion l ! pres5t1 :5 ,na?anael _h only j believ$4 ,o!rs und]/& ( ! spiritual glories ( ! :ole p]iod f ! comm5cem5t ( ,*ri/'s public mission till ! end ( ! _w4 ,al=d1 expla9+ ?is view 7:i*1 by ! way1 he calmly claims to h be5 8! int]pretation ( all comm5tators ( any dep? 9 all times067 says3 8,x is n ! outw>d visible op5+ ( ! mat]ial heav5s nor asc5t or desc5t ( angels 9 ! sight ( m51 :i* ! ,"l "h ann\nces1 b ! s]ies ( glories :i* 0 ab\t to be unfold$ 9 ,8 ,p]son & "w1 f t "t =w>d40 ,our difficulty 9 reg>d to ?is view is ! same z 9 reg>d to ! prec$+4 ,/4 ,augu/9e is g5]ally suppos$ to h und]/ood ?is text 9 ref]5ce to ! prea*]s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 8asc5d+0 :5 !y prea* ! m sublime1 8desc5d+10 :5 !y prea* ! m elem5t>y doctr9es ( religion4 ,if ,/4 ,augu/9e meant ?is z a lit]al int]pretation ( ! passage1 z he c]ta9ly seems to d 9 ,tract vii4 on ?is ,gospel1 we _c accept x4 ,surely1 some?+ /rang] & m /rik+ is promis$ "h1 aft] ! op5+ ( ! heav5s1 ?an ! sight ( prea*]s6 ,o!rs hold t we mu/ int]pret ?is passage entirely 9 ! light ( ,jacob's dream1 ,g54 xxviii4 #ab4 ,jacob saw a ladd] rea*+ f e>? to heav51 ) angels asc5d+ & desc5d+ ^u x4 ,t vision meant 9 8 reg>d t ,god w\ld make him ! object ( ,8 special protection 7see ,g54 xxviii4 #acae74 ,& n[ ,na?anael1 :o is an ,israelite inde$1 a true son ( ,jacob 7v4 #dg71 is told t he & o!rs %all see t ,div9e fav\r & protection :i* ,jacob's vision signifi$1 ext5d$ 9 su* an extraord9>y mann] to ,*ri/1 dur+ ,8 life1 t x w be mo/ manife/ ,he is ! ,son ( ,god4 ,?is view we reg>d z probable4 ,! ,fa!rs tell u t ,na?anael 0 p>ticul>ly well v]s$ 9 ! ,scriptures1 & our ,"l's words might readily recall to 8 m9d ,jacob's dream1 ) all its significance ( ,div9e fav\r & protection4 ,( ! op9ions t attempt to expla9 ! words lit]ally1 "s may be dismiss$ at once4 ,?us !re _c be ref]5ce to ! angels :o appe>$ at ,*ri/'s bir?1 or aft] ,8 temptations 7,matt4 iv4 #aa71 = ,*ri/ speaks ( an ev5t /ill to come1 :]eas ,8 bir? & temptations 7 already pa/4 ,nor c !re be ref]5ce to ! transfiguration1 ev5 if we suppose angels to h be5 pres5t2 nor to ! agony 9 ! g>d52 nor to ! resurrection2 = on none ( ^! occasions did ,philip & ,na?anael see ! angels4 ,less improbable1 p]haps1 is ! view t !re is ref]5ce to ! asc5sion1 & ! two angels t appe>$ !n 7,acts i4 #aj74 ,b ?is op9ion too we reject )\t hesitation4 ,9 ! passage ( ! ,acts ref]r$ to1 ,/4 ,luke tells u3 8,& :ile !y 7 behold+ ,him go+ up to heav51 behold two m5 /ood by !m 9 :ite g>m5ts40 ,n[1 x is cle> t angels :o /ood by ! apo/les & disciples1 _c possibly be ^? ref]r$ to "h z 8asc5d+ & desc5d+ ^u ! ,son ( ,man40 ,a ,lapide ref]s ! pr$iction to "s miracul\s vision se5 by ! disciples dur+ our ,"l's life1 & n record$ 9 ! ,gospels4 ,b x seems improbable t ! fulfilm5t ( su* a pr$iction w\ld be pass$ ov] 9 sil5ce by all ! ,evangeli/s4 ,f9ally1 !re is ! op9ion1 :i* is held by ,maldonatus1 t !re is ref]5ce to ! la/ judgm5t1 :5 ! heav5s %all be op5$1 & ,*ri/ %all come rid+ on ! cl\ds ( heav51 accompani$ by angels1 & all m5 %all be =c$ to confess ,him ,god4 ,?is seems to u ! mo/ probable int]pretation4 ,=1 fir/1 x is likely t our ,"l ref]s to ! cle>e/ & mo/ incontrov]tible pro( t %all be giv5 ( ,8 ,div9ity2 & su* w be ,8 com+ 9 maje/y to judge ! _w4 ,secondly1 we "k t on ano!r occasion1 :5 he 0 *all5g$ by ! ,jewi% ,high ,prie/ to say if he 0 ! ,son ( ,god1 ,he appeal$ to ?is same pro( ( ,8 ,div9ity3 8,i adjure !e by ! liv+ ,god1 t ?\ tell u if ?\ be ! ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ,god4 ,jesus sai? to him3 ,?\ ha/ said x4 ,nev]!less1 ,i say to y3 ,h]eaft] y %all see ! ,son ( ,man sitt+ at ! "r h& ( ! p[] ( ,god1 & com+ 9 ! cl\ds ( heav50 7,matt4 xxvi4 #fcfd74 ,probably ! expression3 99asc5d+ & desc5d+99 is to be und]/ood metaphorically1 ev5 9 ?is op9ion1 & means m]ely t ! angels %all be att5dant ^u ! great ,judge1 ready to execute ,8 w4 ,! ord] is rem>kable3 !y are said fir/ to asc5d1 & !n to desc5d1 z 0 ! case also 9 ,jacob's vision4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 #aaa4 99,*ri/ at ! m>riage fea/ 9 ,cana *anges wat] into w9e499 #ab4 99,he goes d[n to ,caph>naum499 #acag4 99,at ! approa* ( ! ,pas* ,he goes up to ,j]usalem1 & !re drives ! buy]s & sell]s out ( ! ,temple499 #ahbb4 99,*all5g$ by ! ,jews = a sign ( ,8 au?ority1 ,he pr$icts ,8 own ,resurrection1 z ! disciples call$ to m9d aft] ,he _h ris5499 #bcbe4 99,on ! occasion ( ?is fir/ ,pas* ( ,8 public life _m believe 9 ,him because ( ,8 miracles499 #a4 ,et die t]tia nuptiae #a4 ,& ! ?ird day !re 0 factae sunt 9 ,cana ,galilaeae1 a m>riage 9 ,cana ( ,galilee3 et erat mat] ,iesu ibi4 & ! "m ( ,jesus 0 !re4 #b4 ,vocatus e/ autem et ,iesus1 #b4 ,& ,jesus also 0 invit$1 et discipuli eius1 ad nuptias4 & 8 disciples1 to ! m>riage4 #a4 ,! ,evangeli/ hav+ n>rat$ h[ our ,"l 0 witness$ to by ! ,bapti/1 & jo9$ by ,8 fir/ disciples1 n[ proce$s to tell h[ ,he bore te/imony ( ,himself by ,8 miracles4 99,! ?ird day499 ,naturally ! ?ird f ! po9t ( "t la/ ref]r$ to1 9 v]se #dc4 ,! m>riage fea/ 0 celebrat$ = a week among ! ,jews1 & ?is cu/om _h come d[n f v anci5t times1 z we le>n f ! book ( ,judges1 xiv4 #ab4 99,cana ( ,galilee99 0 situat$ mo/ probably 9 ! tribe ( ,zabulon ne> ,caph>naum4 ,!re 0 ano!r ,cana 9 ! tribe ( ,as]1 ne> ,sidon 7see ,jos4 xix4 #bh74 #b4 99,& ,jesus also 0 invit$992 t is to say1 ,he also1 z well z ! ,bless$ ,virg91 0 invit$4 ,mald4 holds t 7et7 is explanatory3 on t acc\nt1 t is to say1 because %e 0 !re z a fri5d ( ! family1 ,jesus 0 invit$4 #c4 ,et defici5te v9o1 dicit #c4 ,& ! w9e fail+1 ! mat] ,iesu ad eum3 ,v9um non "m ( ,jesus sai? to him3 hab5t4 ,!y h no w9e4 #c4 99,& ! w9e fail+99 7,gr4 hav+ fail$74 ,ei!r all ! w9e 0 already drunk1 or1 at lea/1 !re 0 no m to be drawn2 ! la/ 0 on ! table4 ,:5 we take into acc\nt :at ,m>y says to ! s]vants 7v4 #e71 x is pla9 t h] object 9 tell+ ,jesus t ! w9e _h run %ort1 0 n t ,he & ,8 disciples might retire 7,b5gel71 nor t ,he might exhort ! company to pati5ce 7,calv971 nor t ,he might buy w9e 7,ku9471 b t ,he might "w a miracle4 8,! ,"m ( ! ,"l hav+ he>d ( ! te/imony ( ! ,bapti/1 & see+ ! disciples ga!r$ r\nd h] ,son1 ! circum/ances ( ^: miracul\s bir? %e treasur$ 9 h] he>t 7,luke ii4 #ai1 #ea7 mu/ h look$ n[ at l5g? = ! manife/ation ( ,8 p[]1 & ?\ght t an occasion only 0 want+4 ,yet ev5 s %e leaves all to ,8 w0 7,we/c41 9 ,speak]'s ,comm474 #d4 ,et dicit ei ,iesus3 ,quid #d4 ,& ,jesus sai? to h]3 mihi et tibi e/ muli]3 ,woman1 :at is x to me & to ,nondum v5it hora mea4 !e8 ,my h\r is n yet come4 #d4 99,woman1 :at is x to me & to !e899 ,! ,vulgate has4 8,quid mihi et tibi e/1 muli]80 ,b ! v]b is n 9 ! ,greek text 7 871 :i* w\ld !re=e be bett] translat$3 8,:at to ,me & to !e1 woman80 ,! ,revis$ ,v]sion ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& r5d]s3 8,woman1 :at h ,i to d ) !e80 ,mo/ ,prote/ant writ]s h held t ^! words ( our ,"l conta9 a repro( ( ,8 "m4 ,among ,ca?olics _m h held t ! words conta9 ! semblance ( repro(2 to tea* u1 n ,m>y1 t we are n to be influ5c$ by motives ( fle% & blood 9 ! s]vice ( ,god4 ,o!rs h held 7& ?is is ! g5]al op9ion ( mod]n ,ca?olic comm5tators7 t ! words d n conta9 ev5 ! appe>ance ( repro(4 7#a7 ,x is n[ g5]ally ackn[l$g$ ev5 by ,prote/ant comm5tators t ! t]m is n reproa*ful or disrespectful4 ,accord+ to ,al=d !re is no reproa* 9 ! t]m1 b r respect2 & ,tr5* says3 8,s f> f any h>%ness1 ! compellation has some?+ solemn 9 x0 7,miracles1 p4 #ajj74 ,liddell & ,scott's ,lexicon1 says3 8,x is (t5 us$ z a t]m ( respect or affection1 mi/ress1 lady40 ,yet ,calv9 impi\sly ass]ts t our ,"l does n deign to call ,m>y ,8 ,"m3 8,de9de cur simplici repulsa non cont5tus eam 9 vulg>em muli]um ord9em cogit1 nec jam matris nom9e dignatur80 8,:y d\bt ( ! heav5ly orig9 ( a re=mation wr\ght by su* reason+ z ?is80 7,mc,carthy74 ,fa!r ,col]idge ?9ks t ,m>y is address$ "h by ! title because t is 8:at we may call h] (ficial & !ological title 444 = %e is ! #8woman' ( :om our ,"l 0 born2 %e is ! #8woman' ( :om ,god spake to our fir/ p>5ts :5 ,he made !m ! promise ( a ,r$eem] aft] ! fall2 %e is ! #8woman' to :om ! :ole range ( types look =w>d1 :o 0 to conceive & compass a man 7,j]4 xxxi4 #bb72 %e is ! #8woman1' ! second ,eve1 z our ,"l is ! ,man1 & ! ,son ( ,man1 ! second ,adam407#cb7 ,b :atev] may be ?\ght ( ?is view1 en\gh has be5 said to %[ t ! t]m does n imply repro( or disrespect4 7#b7 ,nei!r does ! phrase 8,:at to ,me & to !e80 7 874 ,we f9d exactly ! same phrase 9 ,judg4 xi4 #ab2 #c ,k+s xvii4 #ah2 #d ,k+s iii4 #ac2 #b ,p>al4 xxxv4 #ba2 ,m>k v4 #g2 ,luke viii4 #bh47cc7 7,a74 ,aft] a c&id exam9ation ( ^! texts1 x mu/1 we ?9k1 appe> t ! mean+ ( ! phrase is n3 ,:at does ?is conc]n y & ,me8 = 9 "s1 if n all1 ( ! passages cit$ ! phrase _c h t mean+4 ,besides1 is x likely ,jesus w\ld say t ! wants ( ! poor1 :o 7 ,8 ho/s1 & p]haps ,8 relatives1 & _! %ame consequ5t ^u ^? wants1 did n conc]n ,him8 7,b74 ,nei!r is ! mean+3 ,:at h ,i to d ) y1 or1 :at h ,i 9 common ) y8 7z au?or ( a miracle su* z y sugge/72 x mu/ proce$ f ,my ,div9e nature1 :ile only ,my human nature has be5 d]iv$ f y 7s ,augus41 ,tolet41 ,patriz474 ,=-- 7a7 ,?is is n ! mean+ ( ! phrase 9 ! p>allel passages4 7b7 ,*ri/ gives a diff]5t reason3 ,my h\r is n yet come4 7c7 ,8 p]son hypo/atically unit$ to ,8 human nature1 _h t nature 9 common ) h]1 & x is ( ,8 p]son 7mihi71 n ( ,8 ,div9e nature m]ely t ,he speaks4 7,c74 ,:at ! precise mean+ ( ! phrase is1 x is difficult to det]m9e ) c]ta9ty4 ,9 all ! passages :]e x occurs1 x seems to indicate "s div]g5ce betwe5 ! ?\ghts or wi%es ( ! p]sons s br\ght toge!r4 ,mo/ probably x is "h a remon/rance2 because ! sugge/ion t ,*ri/ %\ld "w a miracle is inconv5i5t or inopportune1 inasmu* z x br+s moral pressure to be> ^u ,him to make ,him beg9 ,8 miracles be=e ! "t at :i*1 presc9d+ f ?is sugge/ion1 ,8 public miracles 7 to beg94 ,some?+ simil> are ! words ( ,god to ,moses3 8,let ,me alone1 t ,my wra? may be k9dl$ aga9/ !m1 & t ,i may de/roy !m0 7,exod4 xxxii4 #aj74 ,on t occasion ,god1 aft] remon/rat+1 grant$ ! pray] ( ,moses1 j z on ?is occasion1 aft] remon/rat+1 ,he yield$ to ! sugge/ion ( ,8 ,"m4 ,s ,/4 ,cyril ( ,alex41 ,/4 ,amb41 ,corl1 c4 ,:e!r ! above be ! correct mean+ ( ! phrase or n1 "o ?+ is cle>1 aga9/ ,calv91 ,alf41 ,tr5*1 c41 t ! words _c conta9 a rebuke--n a real rebuke2 because !re 0 no fault on ,m>y's "p1 n ev5 v5ial 7,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 sess4 vi41 c4 #bc74 ,/4 ,aug41 ^: au?ority ,prote/ants mu/ respect1 :atev] !y may ?9k ( t ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 says3 8,de ,sancta ,m>ia ,virg9e1 propt] honorem ,*ri/i1 nullam prorsus qu&o de peccato agitur volo hab]e quae/ionem0 7,de ,natura et ,gratia1 *4 xxxvi474 ,moreov]1 if ! ,bless$ ,virg9 7 guilty ( any fault1 x w\ld be ei!r because ( ! ?+ sugge/$1 or ( "s circum/ance ( "t1 place1 motive1 c4 ,n[1 our ,"l grant$ :at %e sugge/$2 ! object 0 !re=e1 good4 ,! circum/ances 7 ! v same :5 ! miracle 0 wr\ght z :5 x 0 sugge/$4 ,z to h] motive1 x may h be5 good--*>ity = ! poor4 ,:y1 !n1 ascribe a bad motive1 su* z vanity1 )\t conv9c+ pro(8 ,t ! sugge/ion 0 acc$$ to1 goes to %[ t x 0 made 9 circum/ances 9 :i* x 0 n displeas+ to ,god47#cd7 ,nei!r is !re 9 ! words a feign$ rebuke1 t is1 feign$ = our in/ruction1 to %[ u t we are n to reg>d fle% & blood 9 do+ ! "w ( ,god 7,mald41 ,tolet41 c472 = ,*ri/ actually did :at 0 sugge/$2 &1 besides1 x is ,ca?olic tea*+ t ,*ri/ 9 heav5 grants _m reque/s to ,8 ,"m1 because %e is ,8 ,"m4 ,9 va91 !n1 h ,prote/ants tri$ to f9d1 9 ^! words ( our ,"l1 any?+ d]ogatory to ! dignity ( ,8 ,bless$ ,"m4 ,to e int]pretation :i* w\ld give su* a s5se to ,8 words1 we may answ]1 ) ,/4 ,ju/91 ,m>tyr3 8,non v]bo matrem objurgavit qui facto honoravit40 8,he reprov$ n ,8 "m by :at ,he said :o hon\r$ h] by :at ,he did40 99,my h\r is n yet come499 ,9 our int]pretation x is easy to expla9 ^! words4 ,8 h\r is n ! h\r ( ,8 dea?1 nor ! "t :5 ! want ( w9e w\ld be fully felt1 b ! "t at :i*1 accord+ to ! ord9>y provid5ce ( ,god1 & presc9d+ f ,8 ,"m's sugge/ion1 ,8 public miracles 7 to beg94 #e4 ,dicit mat] eius m9i/ris3 #e4 ,8 "m sai? to ! ,quodcumque dix]it vobis1 wait]s3 ,:atsoev] he %all facite4 say to y1 d ye4 #e4 99,:atsoev] he %all say to y1 d ye499 ,^! are n ! words ( "o ^: sugge/ion _h be5 reprov$ & reject$4 #f4 ,erant autem ibi lapideae #f4 ,n[ !re 7 set !re hydriae sex positae secundum six wat]pots ( /one1 purificationem ,iudaeorum1 accord+ to ! mann] ( ! capi5tes s+ulae metretas purify+ ( ! ,jews1 b9as vel t]nas4 conta9+ two or ?ree measures apiece4 #f4 ,= ! cu/om ( ! ,jews 9 ! matt] ( ablutions1 see ,matt4 xv4 #b2 ,m>k vii4 #be4 ,! 0 a ,greek liquid measure1 conta9+ ab\t n9e gallons1 or1 to be accurate1 eight gallons #g4d p9ts4 ,!re 7 six j>s1 or wat]pots1 ea* conta9+ two or ?ree measures4 ,if ea* j> conta9$ two measures1 ! :ole quantity ( w9e miracul\sly provid$ w\ld be #f #b #i #ajh gallons4 ,if ea* conta9$ ?ree measures1 ! :ole w\ld be #f #c #i #afb gallons4 ,! quantity ( w9e miracul\sly produc$ 0 !re=e v great1 be+ at lea/ ab\t #ajh gallons4 ,x is absurd1 h[ev]1 to seek 9 ?is miracle ( our ,div9e ,"l any excuse = intemp]ance4 ,z well might ,god be accus$ ( conniv+ at intemp]ance1 because ,he fills ! grape ea* ye> ) ! moi/ure ( e>? & heav51 & !n transmutes ?is into ! nobl] juices :i* ,he kn[s man w conv]t into w9e4 ,he gives 9 e case1 t we may use1 n t we may abuse4 ,if ! quantity ( w9e miracul\sly provid$ on ?is occasion 0 l>ge1 we ought to rememb] t ! m>riage fea/ la/$ = a week2 t !re 7 probably _m gue/s pres5t1 ^: numb] 0 consid]ably increas$ by ! invitation1 at ! la/ mom5t1 ( ,*ri/ & ,8 disciples on _! arrival f ,judea2 t o!rs w\ld probably be attract$ n[ by ! fame ( ?is miracle1 & ! desire to see ,him :o _h wr\ght x2 &1 f9ally1 t ! quantity ( ! w9e made ! miracle m /rik+4 #g4 ,dicit eis ,iesus4 ,implete #g4 ,jesus sai? to !m3 ,fill hydrias aqua4 ,et implev]unt ! wat]pots ) wat]4 ,& eas usque ad summum4 !y fill$ !m up to ! brim4 #g4 99,to ! brim499 ,s t !re 0 no room left to mix w9e or any?+ else ) ! wat]2 ?is %[s1 too1 ! quantity ( w9e t 0 miracul\sly suppli$4 #h4 ,et dicit eis ,iesus3 ,haurite #h4 ,& ,jesus sai? to !m3 nunc1 et f]te ar*itricl9o4 ,draw out n[1 & c>ry to ! ,et tul]unt4 *ief /ew>d ( ! fea/4 ,& !y c>ri$ x4 #h4 99,*ief /ew>d99 7,gr4 1 *ief1 or rul]1 & 1 a d9+ room1 ) ?ree c\*es1 & m g5]ally1 a d9+room74 ,! presid5t ( ! fea/1 accord+ to "s1 0 "o ( ! gue/s select$ by ! ho/1 or by ! unanim\s cons5t ( ! gue/s2 accord+ to o!rs1 he 0 n a gue/1 b ! *ief s]vant4 ,9 ! fir/ view he corresponds ) ! ( ! ,greeks1 & ! 8magi/] convivii10 or 8arbit] bib5di10 ( ! ,romans2 & ?is we take to be correct1 = 8 famili>ity ) ! bridegroom 7v4 #aj7 bespeaks ! fri5d r ?an ! s]vant4 #i4 ,ut autem gu/avit #i4 ,& :5 ! *ief /ew>d ar*itricl9us aquam v9um _h ta/$ ! wat] made factam1 et non sciebat unde w9e1 & knew n :5ce x esset1 m9i/ri autem sciebant 01 b ! wait]s knew :o qui haus]ant aquam1 vocat _h drawn ! wat]2 ! *ief sponsum ar*itricl9us4 /ew>d calle? ! bridegroom4 #i4 ,/4 ,john m5tions t ! presid5t ( ! fea/ knew n :5ce ! w9e 01 nor h[ x _h be5 produc$1 9 ord] to %[ t 8 te/imony 9 its fav\r 0 n ! result ( previ\s collusion ) ,jesus4 99,:o _h drawn ! wat]499 is ! =m = ! plup]fect1 z well z = ! p]fect p>ticiple1 & is rightly r5d]$ 8_h drawn40 ,we consid] x m likely t ! ref]5ce is to _! draw+ ! wat] f ! well 9 ord] to fill ! wat]pots4 ,b if ! ref]5ce be to draw+ ! w9e f ! pots 79 v4 #h ! same ,greek v]b is us$ 9 ref]5ce to t action71 !n ! w9e is call$ wat] because x _h be5 wat] s rec5tly1 j z ! s]p5t is call$ a rod 9 ,exod4 vii4 #ab4 because x _h be5 a rod imm$iately be=e4 ,x is mo/ likely t ! conv]sion took place 9 ! wat]pots1 & n on ! way f !m to ! table4 #aj4 ,et dicit ei3 ,omnis homo #aj4 ,& sai? to him3 ,e primum bonum v9um ponit3 et man at fir/ sette? =? cum inebriati fu]9t1 tunc good w9e1 & :5 m5 h id1 quod det]ius e/3 ,tu well drank1 !n t :i* is autem s]va/i bonum v9um worse4 ,b ?\ ha/ kept ! usque adhuc4 good w9e until n[4 #aj4 ,mo/ probably ! ,greek ^w 77 r5d]$ 9 ! ,vulgate 8inebriati fu]9t0 does n "h imply drunk5ness1 b only dr9k+ freely4 8,9 classical use x g5]ally1 b n always1 implies intoxication4 ,9 ! ,hell5i/ic writ]s1 h[ev]1 z ,josephus1 ,philo1 & ! ,,lxx41 x v (t5 d5otes dr9k+ freely1 & ! hil>ity consequ5t1 :i* is probably ! s5se "h0 7,bloomf474 ,9 any case1 :atev] mean+ we give ! ^w "h1 ! presid5t ( ! fea/ m]ely speaks ( :at 0 ! common practice1 )\t say+ t ! gue/s at ?is p>ticul> fea/ _h indulg$ to ! same ext5t4 #aa4 ,hoc fecit initium signorum #aa4 ,?is beg9n+ ( miracles ,iesus 9 ,cana ,galilaeae3 et did ,jesus 9 ,cana ( ,galilee3 manife/avit gloriam suam1 et & manife/$ 8 glory1 & cr$id]unt 9 eum discipuli 8 disciples believ$ 9 him4 eius4 #aa4 ,?is 0 ,*ri/'s fir/ miracle1 or bett] p]haps1 x 0 ,8 fir/ public miracle1 ! fir/ sign1 or pro( giv5 9 public ( ,8 ,div9e p[]4 ,x is wor?y ( note t our ,"l hon\r$ m>riage on ?is occasion n only by ,8 pres5ce1 b also by ,8 fir/ public miracle4 ,! effect ( ! miracle is c>efully not$ by our ,evangeli/ ^: ma9 object1 z we saw1 is to prove ,*ri/'s ,div9ity4 ,& ,he manife/$ ,8 glory1 7see i4 #ad72 & ! fai? ( ! disciples 0 confirm$4 ,! fact t !y 7 disciples1 %[s t !y _h "s fai? already4 #ab4 ,po/ hoc desc5dit #ab4 ,aft] ?is he w5t d[n to ,caph>naum1 ipse1 et mat] ,caph>naum1 he & 8 "m1 eius1 et fratres eius2 et & 8 bre?r51 & 8 discipuli eius3 et ibi disciples3 & !y rema9$ mans]unt non multis diebus4 !re n _m days4 #ab4 99,caph>naum991 ! l>ge/ t[n ( ,galilee1 0 situat$1 on ! we/]n %ore ( ! sea ( ,galilee 7,matt4 iv4 #ac1 ,john vi4 #bd71 & ! j\rney to x f ,cana is rightly describ$ z a desc5t4 ,dur+ ,8 public life our ,"l seems to h dwelt *iefly 9 ?is t[n1 :i* is !re=e sometimes spok5 ( z ,8 own city 7see ,matt4 ix4 #a1 & comp>e ) ,m>k ii4 #a74 ,x 0 long ?\ght to be impossible to id5tify ! site ( ,caph>naum1 b x seems n[ to be practically c]ta9 t ! site is t ( ! mod]n ,tell ,hm1 ab\t two & a half miles s\? we/ ( ! po9t :]e ! ,jordan ent]s ! sea ( ,galilee4 ,caph>naum means ! village 77 ( ,nahum4 ,tell is ! ,arabic = a hillock cov]$ ) ru9s1 & x is reasonably conjectur$ t ,hm is a contraction = ,nahum1 ! fir/ syllable1 z sometimes happ5s 9 su* cases1 be+ dropp$4 ,?us ,tell ,hm w\ld mean ! ru9clad hillock ( ,nahum4 ,a summ>y ( ! v>i\s reasons = id5tify+ ! two places is giv5 by ,pre ,didon1 9 8 able "w3 ,jesus ,*ri/1 vol4 ii41 ,app5dix ,f4 ,! 99bre?r599 ( ! ,"l "h ref]r$ to 7 ,8 c\s9s1 b accord+ to ! ,scriptural usage any ne> relations are call$ bre?r54 ,?us ,abraham & ,lot are 8bre?r50 7,g54 xiii4 #h71 ?\gh ,abraham 0 9 reality ,lot's uncle 7,g54 xi4 #bg74 ,see also rem>ks on vii4 #c4 #ac4 ,et prope erat pas*a #ac4 ,& ! pas* ( ! ,jews ,iudaeorum1 et asc5dit ,iesus 0 at h&1 & ,jesus w5t up ,i]osoloymam3 to ,j]usalem4 #ac4 99,&99 7 =7 99! ,pas*991 c4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ ,pas* ( our ,"l's public life4 ,! ,evangeli/ calls x ! ,pas* ( ! ,jews1 because he is writ+ = ! inhabitants ( ,asia ,m9or1 mo/ ( :om 7 ,greeks4 ,! ,pas* 7,heb4 pesa*1 71 beg9n+ at ev5+ on ! #ad?1 & end+ at ev5+ on ! #ba/ ( ,nisan17#ce7 0 ! greate/ fe/ival ( ! ,jews4 ,! ^w 8pas*0 means ! pass+ ov] 7f pasa*1 1 to pass or leap ov]71 & ! "n 0 giv5 to ?is fe/ival z commemorat+ ! pass+ ov] ( ! h\ses ( ! ,israelites :5 ! de/roy+ angel slew ! fir/born 9 ! l& ( ,egypt 7see ,exod xii4 #aa1 #ab74 99,& ,jesus w5t up to ,j]usalem499 ,at ! ?ree pr9cipal fea/s3 ,pas*1 ,p5teco/1 & ,tab]nacles1 all ! male adults 7 b\nd to g up to ! temple at ,j]usalem4 #ad4 ,et inv5it 9 templo #ad4 ,& he f\nd 9 ! temple v5d5tes boves1 et oves1 et !m t sold ox5 & %eep columbas1 et numul>ios & doves1 & ! *ang]s ( s$5tes4 money sitt+4 #ad4 ,! animals "h m5tion$ 7 sold to be sacrific$4 ,! money *ang]s 7 !re to *ange =eign money into ,jewi%4 ,x 0 probably 9 ! ,c\rt ( ! ,g5tiles t ,*ri/ f\nd !m4 99,9 ! temple99 7 1 i4e41 9 sacro loco74 ,! mu/ be c>efully di/+ui%$ f ! 7v4 #bj74 ,! =m] includ$ ! temple prop]1 & also its c\rts1 por*es1 & porticoes2 9 a ^w1 all its sacr$ prec9cts2 ! latt] 0 ! temple prop]1 ! h\se ( ,god1 ! place :]e ,he dwelt 7 to dwell74 ,we "k t ar\nd ! temple z rebuilt by ,h]od ! ,great1 !re 7 ?ree c\rts3 ! out]1 or t ( ! ,g5tiles2 ! inn]1 or t ( ! ,israelites2 & betwe5 !m1 on ! ea/]n side1 ! ,c\rt ( ! wom54 ,9 ! inn] c\rt1 or t ( ! ,israelites1 !re 0 a portion next ! temple prop] set ap>t = ! prie/s4 #ae4 ,et cum fecisset quasi #ae4 ,& :5 he _h made z x flagellum de funiculis1 omnes 7 a sc\rge ( little eiecit de templo1 oves quoque1 cords1 he drove !m all out et boves1 et numul>iorum ( ! temple1 ! %eep also effudit aes1 et m5sas & ! ox51 & ! money ( subv]tit4 ! *ang]s he p\r$ out1 & ! tables he ov]?rew4 #ae4 99,he drove !m all out ( ! temple1 ! %eep also & ! ox5499 ,^! words ( our v]sion mean t ,he drove out n only ! animals1 b also ! sell]s1 & ?is is di/9ctly /at$ by ,s4 ,aug41 & sev]al o!r ,fa!rs4 ,! s5se ( ! ,greek is ambigu\s3 99,he drove all out ( ! temple1 bo? ! %eep & ! ox5499 #af4 ,et 8 qui columbas #af4 ,& to !m t sold v5debant1 dixit3 ,auf]te i/a doves he said3 ,take ^! h9c1 et nolite fac]e domum ?+s h5ce1 & make n ! ,patris mei1 domum h\se ( my fa!r a h\se ( negotiationis4 traffic4 #af4 ,*ri/ deals m l5i5tly ) ^? :o sold ! doves1 p]haps because ^! 7 ! (f]+s ( ! poor4 99,a h\se ( traffic499 ,our ,"l does n on ?is occasion say ! traffic 0 unju/1 b implies t x 0 sacrilegi\s1 z be+ c>ri$ on 9 a holy place4 ,on ano!r occasion1 ?ree ye>s aft]w>ds1 ,*ri/ aga9 drove trad]s f ! temple1 :o ,he says _h made x 8a d5 ( ?ieves10 add+ ! s9 ( inju/ice to t ( sacrilege 7,matt4 xxi4 #ac74 ,note h[ ,he calls ,god ,8 ,fa!r4 ,see v4 #ah4 #ag4 ,recordati sunt v]o #ag4 ,& 8 disciples discipuli eius1 quia scriptum rememb]$ t x 0 e/3 ,zelus domus tuae com$it writt53 ,! zeal ( ?y me4 h\se ha? eat5 me up4 #ag4 ,our ,evangeli/1 m9dful ( 8 scope 9 writ+ ?is ,gospel1 draws att5tion to ! fulfilm5t ( ?is prophecy ( ! ,psalmi/1 inasmu* z ?is t5ds to prove t ,jesus 0 ! ,messias & ! true ,god4 7w eat me up7 is ! true read+ "h1 ?\gh ! ,psalm has ! prophetic pa/4 #ah4 ,respond]unt ergo ,iudaei1 #ah4 ,! ,jews !re=e et dix]unt ei3 ,quod signum answ]$1 & said to him3 o/5dis nobis1 quia haec ,:at sign do/ ?\ %[ unto facis8 u1 see+ ?\ do/ ^! ?+s8 #ah4 ,! ,jews *all5ge 7answ]$1 mean+ "h1 z frequ5tly1 w5t on to speak7 ,*ri/ = a pro( ( t au?ority :i* ,he appe>$ to claim = ,himself 9 driv+ !m f ! temple1 & also 9 call+ ,god ,8 ,fa!r 7see v4 #agah74 ,! incid5t itself1 ) s _m m5 tamely submitt+ to ,8 action1 01 z ,orig5 po9ts out1 "o ( ! mo/ wond]ful signs ,he c\ld h %[n !m4 ,b !y hop$1 z ,/4 ,*ry/4 rem>ks1 to put ,him 9 a dilemma by oblig+ ,him ei!r to "w a miracle on ! spot1 or else cease to int]f]e ) !m4 #ai4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #ai4 ,jesus answ]$1 & said eis3 ,solvite templum hoc1 et to !m3 ,de/roy ?is temple1 9 tribus diebus excitabo & 9 ?ree days ,i w raise illud4 x up4 #ai4 ,in/ead ( work+ a miracle ,he m]ely ref]s d>kly to a future sign t 0 /ill "s ye>s (f1 z ,he does on a simil> occasion1 :5 deal+ ) o!r unbeliev]s1 ,matt4 xii4 #chdj4 8,he1 h[ev]10 says ,/4 ,*rys41 8:o ev5 anticipat$ m5's wi%es1 & gave signs :5 ,he 0 n ask$1 w\ld n h reject$ "h a positive reque/1 _h ,he n se5 a crafty design 9 x40 ,/&+ z ,he 0 beside ,h]od's temple1 probably 9 ! ,c\rt ( ! ,g5tiles or imm$iately outside x1 ,8 words1 99,de/roy ?is temple1 & 9 ?ree days ,i w raise x up991 7 und]/ood by ! ,jews 7v4 #bj71 & app>5tly by ,8 disciples 7v4 #bb71 9 ref]5ce to ,h]od's temple4 ,v>i\s views h be5 put =w>d to %[ t ,8 words 7 n necess>ily mislead+4 7#a7 ,x is said t ,he may h po9t$ ) ,8 f+] to ,8 body :ile ,he said3 ,de/roy ?is temple4 ,b ! fact t ,he 0 actually misund]/ood by all seems to exclude ?is hypo!sis4 7#b7 ,x is held by _m t ,he spoke bo? ( ,h]od's temple & ( ,8 body4 ,s1 app>5tly1 ,orig52 & ,c>d9al ,wiseman says explicitly3 8,f9ally did our ,"l speak altoge!r ( ,8 resurrection s z to exclude all allusion to rebuild+ ! temple :i* /ood be=e ,him8 ,i mu/ confess t 444 ,i _c read ! passage )\t be+ conv9c$ t ,he spoke ( bo?0 7,lect4 on ! ,eu*41 p4 #ace1 ,no4 #d74 ,we1 h[ev]1 _c br+ ourselves to adopt ?is view aga9/ :at seems to be ! cle> s5se accord+ to ! int]pretation ( ! inspir$ ,evangeli/1 :o tells u1 7v4 #ba71 ,b ,he spoke ( ! temple ( ,8 body4 7#c7 ,!re is ! common answ]1 t ,he spoke ambigu\sly & all[$ !m to be deceiv$1 because !y 7 unwor?y ( pla9] spee*4 ,!y 7 n1 h[ev]1 necess>ily deceiv$1 = 7a temple7 0 us$ frequ5tly 9 ref]5ce to ! human body 7see1 e4g41 #a ,cor4 iii4 #af1 #ag2 vi4 #ai2 #b ,cor4 vi4 #af71 & our ,"l's language might h giv5 !m "s reason = suspect+ t x 0 ( ,8 body ,he spoke4 ,= ! two v]bs1 :i* he us$ & ?\gh !y c\ld be und]/ood 9 ref]5ce to ! temple ( /one1 appli$ m appropriately to ,8 body2 ! =m] signify+ ! break+ up or loos+ ( ! union betwe5 ,8 s\l & body2 ! latt]1 ! rais+ ( ! body to life1 z s (t5 9 ,/4 ,paul4 ,see1 e4g41 #a ,cor4 xv4 #d1 #ab1 #ad1 c4 99,de/roy ?is temple991 is n1 ( c\rse1 a comm& to put ,him to dea?1 b a p]mission l :at ,he said to ,judas3 ,t :i* ?\ do/1 d quickly 7,john xiii4 #bg74 ,x 0 usual ) ! ,prophets to ann\nce _! pr$ictions 9 ! =m ( a comm&2 z1 = in/ance1 ,isaias 7xlvii4 #a73 8,come d[n1 sit 9 ! du/1 ,o virg9 daught] ( ,babylon40 #bj4 ,dix]unt ergo ,iudaei3 #bj4 ,! ,jews !n said3 ,six ,quadrag9ta et sex annis & =ty ye>s 0 ?is a$ificatum e/ templum hoc1 temple 9 build+1 & wilt et tu 9 tribus diebus ?\ raise x up 9 ?ree excitabis illud8 days8 #bj4 ,! rebuild+ ( ! temple by ,h]od ! ,great is said by ,josephus1 9 ,antiq4 xv4 #aa1 #a1 to h be5 begun 9 ! eighte5? ye> ( 8 reign2 9 ,b4 ,jud4 i4 #ba1 #a1 9 ! fifte5?2 ! diff]5ce aris+ f ! fact t 9 "o case ,josephus c\nts f ! dea? ( ,antigonus1 9 ! o!r f ,h]od's appo9tm5t by ! ,romans4 7,see ,antiq4 xvii4 #h1 #a47 ,reckon+ f ! latt]1 we h tw5ty ye>s till ! bir? ( ,*ri/1 & ?irty ye>s s9ce t ev5t1 mak+ fifty1 f :i*1 h[ev]1 f\r mu/ be subtract$1 because our era is f\r ye>s too late4 ,?is gives =tysix ye>s4 ,! m]e build+ ( ! temple took only n9e ye>s & a half1 b dur+ ! rema9d] ( ! "t x 0 decorat$4 ,^! decorations 7 /ill go+ on1 & 7 n complet$ till #fd ,a4,d41 s t ! ,greek v]b ought to get its prop] s5se3 has be5 9 build+4 #ba4 ,ille autem dicebat de #ba4 ,b he spoke ( ! temple templo corporis sui4 ( 8 body4 #ba4 ,! inspir$ ,evangeli/ "h tells u t x 0 ( ,8 body ,*ri/ spoke4 ,he adds ! explanation to %[1 p]haps1 h[ utt]ly devoid ( all f\ndation 9 fact 0 ! di/ort$ te/imony ( ! false witnesses1 :o on ! night be=e ,8 dea? *>g$ our ,"l ) hav+ ?reat5$ to de/roy ! temple made ) h&s 7,matt4 xxvi4 #fa2 ,m>k xiv4 #eh74 #bb4 ,cum ergo resurrexisset a #bb4 ,:5 !re=e he 0 mortuis1 recordati sunt ris5 aga9 f ! dead1 8 discipuli eius1 quia hoc disciples rememb]$ t he dicebat1 et cr$id]unt _h said ?is1 & !y scripturae1 et s]moni quem believ$ ! scripture1 & dixit ,iesus4 ! ^w t ,jesus _h said4 #bb4 ,:5 ,*ri/ _h ris5 ,8 disciples und]/ood ! ,scriptures1 or r !y believ$ t !y 7see1 e4g41 ,psalms iii4 #f2 xv4 #aj71 & ,*ri/'s pres5t words1 ref]r$ to ,8 resurrection4 #bc4 ,cum autem esset #bc4 ,n[ :5 he 0 at ,i]osolymis 9 pas*a 9 die ,j]usalem at ! pas*1 ^u fe/o1 multi cr$id]unt 9 ! fe/ival day1 _m nom9e eius1 vid5tes signa believ$ 9 8 "n1 see+ eius1 quae faciebat4 8 signs :i* he did4 #bc4 99,^u ! fe/ival day499 ,r dur+ ! fe/al "t1 :i*1 at ! ,pas*1 la/$ a week1 _m believ$ 9 ,8 "n1 t is to say1 9 ,him1 see+ ! miracles :i* he wr\ght1 & :i* 7 pro(s ( ,8 div9e p[]4 #bd4 ,ipse autem ,iesus non #bd4 ,b ,jesus did n tru/ cr$ebat semetipsum eis1 eo himself unto !m1 = t he quod ipse nosset omnes4 knew all m54 #bd4 99,unto !m992 i4e41 all ! ,jews1 or p]haps ^? v p]sons :o believ$ 9 ,him2 because1 z se>*] ( he>ts 7v]se #be71 ,he =esaw t !y w\ld n rema9 fai?ful foll[]s4 #be4 ,et quia opus ei non erat #be4 ,& because he ne$$ n ut quis te/imonium p]hib]et t any %\ld give te/imony de hom9e3 ipse enim sciebat ( man3 = he knew :at 0 quid esset 9 hom9e4 9 man4 #be4 ,he knew ?is1 n by any ext]nal indications1 b because ,he is ! se>*] ( he>ts4 ,?is is not$ z ano!r pro( ( ,*ri/'s ,div9ity1 because ?is k ( ! secrets ( ! he>ts ( all m5 belongs to ,god alone4 ,see #c ,k+s viii4 #ci2 #a ,p>al4 xxviii4 #i2 ,job xlii4 #b2 ,ps4 vii4 #aj2 ,acts xv4 #h4 ,"s ( ! sa9ts 9 special cases 7 able to read ! he>ts ( c]ta9 individuals1 b no "o save ,god kn[s ! he>ts ( all4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 #aba4 99,nicodemus comes to ,*ri/2 _! disc\rse499 #bbcf4 99,*ri/ beg9s to baptize2 compla9ts ( ! ,bapti/'s disciples1 & te/imony ( ! ,bapti/ to ,*ri/'s div9e orig91 & to ! necessity ( fai? 9 ,him499 #a4 ,erat autem homo ex #a4 ,& !re 0 a man ( ! ph>isaeis1 ,nicodemus nom9e1 ,ph>isees1 nam$ ,nicodemus1 a pr9ceps ,iudaeorum4 rul] ( ! ,jews4 #a4 ,?is *apt] is closely connect$ ) ! end ( ! prec$+4 ,among ! _m :o believ$ 7ii4 #bc7 0 99a man ( ! ,ph>isees99 7see i4 #bd74 ,! sect1 "n1 & dignity ( ! man are m5tion$1 because ( 8 importance1 & because ( ! importance ( ! disc\rse ab\t to be n>rat$4 99,a rul] ( ! ,jews992 t is to say1 z we ga!r f vii4 #de1 #ej1 he 0 a memb] ( ! ,sanh$rim4 #b4 ,hic v5it ad ,iesum nocte1 #b4 ,?is man came to ,jesus by et dixit ei3 ,rabbi1 scimus night1 & said to him3 ,rabbi1 quia a ,deo v5i/i magi/]3 we "k t ?\ art come a nemo enim pote/ haec signa tea*] f ,god3 = no man fac]e quae tu facis1 nisi c d ^! signs :i* ?\ fu]it ,deus cum eo4 do/1 unless ,god be ) him4 #b4 ,because he believ$ 9 ,jesus1 he came2 b because he fe>$ ! ,jews1 he came by night4 99,we "k499 ,nicodemus may h come 9 ! "n ( sev]al1 to le>n m ab\t ,jesus1 or he may be m]ely allud+ to ! fact t "s o!rs 7 ( ! same belief4 ,he pr(ess$ 8 fai? 9 ,jesus z a heav5s5t tea*]1 /at+ ! nature ( 8 belief4 8,nicodemus e/imates accurately1 we may almo/ say ) !ological precision1 ! =ce ( ! evid5ce ( ! miracles ( our ,"l1 if !y 7 to be tak5 ap>t f o!r consid]ations :i* belong$ to ! same subjectmatt]4 ,! miracles 9 !mselves prov$ exactly t ,god 0 ) ,him2 b if !y 7 tak5 9 conjunction ) ! witness ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 ) our ,"l's mann] ( work+ !m1 t is1 z "o :o 0 us+ ,8 own p[]1 & ) ,8 way ( speak+ ( ,himself1 & ( ,god z ,8 ,fa!r1 !y might h be5 en\gh to =m ! gr\nd ( a /ill high] fai? conc]n+ our ,bless$ ,"l0 7,col]idge1 ,life ( our ,"l1 vol4 i41 page #bef74 #c4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #c4 ,jesus answ]$ & said to ei3 ,am51 am51 dico tibi1 him3 ,am51 am51 ,i say to nisi quis r5atus fu]it !e1 unless a man be born d5uo1 non pote/ vid]e aga91 he _c see ! regnum ,dei4 k+dom ( ,god4 #c4 99,jesus answ]$499 ,?is might m]ely mean t ,he w5t on to speak1 ! v]b to answ] be+ aga9 & aga9 f\nd 9 ?is s5se 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 x may be us$ 9 its /rict s5se ( reply+ to a "q1 = x seems to u extremely probable t a portion ( ! disc\rse lead+ up to ! /atem5t made 9 v]se #c is omitt$ by ! ,evangeli/4 ,x is highly improbable t ! :ole disc\rse betwe5 ,*ri/ & ,nicodemus is "h record$1 z x seems v unlikely t ,nicodemus1 aft] ! tr\ble ( com+ specially to ,*ri/ by night1 left ,him1 or w\ld be all[$ to leave1 aft] ! two or ?ree m9utes 9 :i* ! disc\rse "h report$ 0 spok54 99,born aga9499 ,! ,greek ^w 1 :i* is r5d]$ 8aga910 may mean--7a7 f above1 or 7b7 aga94 ,! latt] mean+1 h[ev]1 is m probable "h1 = s ,nicodemus und]/ood our ,"l's words 7see v]se #d73 s1 also ,s4 ,*ryso/om1 & ne>ly all ! ,lat9 fa!rs4 ,comp>e1 too1 ,tit4 iii4 #e2 #a ,pet4 i4 #bc4 ,! tru? express$ 9 ?is v]se is univ]sal2 :oev] is born ne$s to be reborn 9 ord] to see 7 8to ent] into10 v]se #e7 ! k+dom ( ,god 9 ,*ri/'s ,*ur* "h1 & 9 heav5 h]eaft]4 #d4 ,dicit ad eum ,nicodemus3 #d4 ,nicodemus sai? to him3 ,h[ ,quomodo pote/ homo nasci1 cum c a man be born :5 he is sit s5ex8 numquid pote/ 9 old8 c he ent] a second v5trem matris suae it]ato "t into 8 "m's womb1 introire1 et r5asci8 & be born aga98 #d4 ,nicodemus ei!r und]/ood our ,"l to speak ( a second c>nal bir?2 or p]haps1 n und]/&+ ! words at all1 he may h pret5d$ to misund]/&1 9 ord] to get ,*ri/ to expla94 ,8 motive1 at all ev5ts1 0 good--to obta9 light & in/ruction4 #e4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,am51 am5 #e4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,am5 am51 dico tibi1 nisi quis r5atus ,i say to !e1 unless a man be fu]it ex aqua et ,spiritu born aga9 ( wat] & ! sancto1 non pote/ intriore 9 ,holy ,gho/1 he _c ent] regnum ,dei4 into ! k+dom ( ,god4 #e4 ,h5ce ,*ri/ goes on to give a m precise /atem5t ( ! tru? conta9$ 9 v]se #c1 ) an additional explanation reg>d+ ! means ( reg5]ation "u ! new disp5sation4 99,am51 ,am5499 ,?is =mula indicates ! importance ( ! pron\ncem5t4 ,x has be5 def9$ by ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t--7a7 t !re is "q 9 ?is fif? v]se ( natural wat]1 & 7b7 ( t natural wat] z necess>y = ,baptism4 8,si quis dix]it aquam v]am et naturalem non esse de necessitate baptismi1 atque ideo v]ba illa ,d4 ,n4 ,j4 ,c43 #8,nisi quis r5atus fu]it ex aqua1 et ,spiritu ,sancto1' ad metaphoram aliquam detors]it1 ana!ma sit0 7,sess4 vii4 ,c4 #b4 ,de bapt474 ,?is solemn decl>ation ( ! infallible ,*ur* settles1 = ,ca?olics1 ! "q z to :e!r !re is ref]5ce "h to ,*ri/ian ,baptism4 ,b ev5 aga9/ h]etics1 = :om ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t speaks 9 va91 x is n difficult to %[ t !re mu/ be ref]5ce "h to ,*ri/ian ,baptism4 ,= 7#a7 x _c be d5i$ t ,*ri/ inaugurat$ "s ext]nal rite ( baptism 7,john iii4 #be1 #bf2 iv4 #aa74 7#b7 ,*ri/ & ,8 disciples are repres5t$ 7v]se #bb7 z beg9n+ to baptize aft] ?is disc\rse ) ,nicodemus4 7#c7 ,e circum/ance ( ?is second bir? spok5 ( to ,nicodemus is f\nd 9 ,*ri/ian ,baptism4 7a7 ,"h we are said to be born aga92 s1 too1 are we 9 ,baptism3--8,accord+ to ,8 m]cy ,he sav$ u by ! lav] ( reg5]ation & r5ovation ( ! ,holy ,gho/0 7,tit4 iii4 #e74 7b7 ,?is second bir? is necess>y t we may be sav$ & ent] ! k+dom ( ,god2 s is ,*ri/ian ,baptism 7,m>k xvi4 #af2 ,acts iii4 #cg1 #ch71 7c7 ,?is second bir? is ?r\gh wat] & ! ,holy ,gho/2 s is ,baptism4 ,see ,acts viii4 #cfdg2 ,tit4 iii4 #e4 ,see+ t !re is ref]5ce 9 ! text to ,*ri/ian ,baptism1 ! ^w 8wat]0 9 ! text1 z ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t def9$1 is to be und]/ood1 n metaphorically1 b lit]ally4 ,moreov]1 s9ce ?is new bir? is attribut$ to ! wat] z to ! ,holy ,gho/ 87ex aqua et ,spiritu ,sancto071 wat] is n m]ely an empty symbol 9 ! sacram5t1 b an effici5t cause ( grace l ! ,holy ,gho/2 ,he be+ ! pr9cipal1 ! wat] ! in/rum5tal1 effici5t cause4 ,?is new bir? 9 ,baptism implies--7#a7 t we die to ! old man ( s91 8= we are buri$ toge!r ) ,him by ,baptism into dea?0 7,rom4 vi4 #d74 ,x implies 7#b7 t we are born ?r\gh ! div9e gift ( ,god's grace to a new & spiritual life1 9 :i* we are ,8 adopt$ *ildr54 8,s d y also reckon t y are dead to s91 b alive unto ,god 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus our ,"l0 7,rom4 vi4 #aa74 ,we may rem>k1 be=e pass+ f ?is text--7#a7 aga9/ ! ,pelagians & ,anabapti/s1 t ,baptism is "h decl>$ necess>y = all :o h be5 born1 & !re=e = infants be=e ! use ( reason2 7#b7 aga9/ ! ,calv9i/s & ,soc9ians1 :o hold t *ildr5 ( ,*ri/ian p>5ts ne$ n be baptiz$1 t no exception is "h made 9 fav\r ( ! *ildr5 ( ,*ri/ians2 7#c7 aga9/ ,prote/ants1 t wat] 9 ,baptism is n a m]e symbol ( reg5]ation1 b is z truly its effici5t cause z ! ,holy ,gho/ ,himself2 ) ?is diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 t :]eas ! wat] is ! in/rum5tal1 ! ,holy ,gho/ is ! pr9cipal1 cause4 #f4 ,quod natum e/ ex c>ne1 #f4 ,t :i* is born ( ! c>o e/3 et quod natum e/ ex fle%1 is fle%3 & t spiritu1 spiritus e/4 :i* is born ( ! ,_s1 is _s4 #f4 ,*ri/ expla9s :y ! ag5t ( ! reg5]ation ( :i* ,he speaks mu/ be ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,:at is born ( man 7fle% "h is tak5 = human nature )\t grace71 is m]ely human2 :at is born ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 is spiritual1 & p>takes ( ! ,div9e 7#b ,pet4 i4 #d74 ,s9ce1 !n1 ! new life to :i* a man mu/ be born aga9 is spiritual1 a spiritual & sup]natural pr9ciple is requir$4 #g4 ,non mir]is quia dixi tibi3 #g4 ,wond] n1 t ,i said to ,oportet vos nasci d5uo4 !e1 y mu/ be born aga94 #g4 ,wond] n1 !re=e1 t ,i said to y3 ye mu/ be born aga91 = if t :i* is born ( ! fle% is fle%1 c]ta9ly y ne$ a new bir? to be born to a life :i* is s f> above ! fle%4 #h4 ,spiritus ubi vult spirat3 #h4 ,! ,_s brea!? :]e et voc5 eius audis1 s$ he w3 & ?\ he>e/ 8 nescis unde v5iat1 aut quo voice1 b ?\ kn[e/ n vadat3 sic e/ omnis qui natus :5ce he come?1 & :i!r e/ ex spiritu4 he goe?3 s is e "o t is born ( ! ,_s4 #h4 ,*ri/ goes on to %[ h[ a difficulty 9 kn[+ ! way 9 :i* ! reg5]ation takes place is no pro( ( its impossibility1 nor a reason = incr$ulity reg>d+ its possibility4 ,! s5se ( ?is v]se dep5ds ^u ! mean+ giv5 to ! fir/ 8_s10 4 ,"s und]/& ?is ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ acts 9 m5 accord+ to ,8 own good pleasure2 8y he> ,8 voice t _c be mi/ak5--its p[]1 its sweetness1 ! peace :i* x brea!s1 ! light :i* x p\rs on y2 b y _c tell t ,he is approa*+1 or :5 ,he w come1 or h[ ,he w "w on y\r s\l2 9 su* mann] is x t ev]yone is born ( ! ,_s :o is s born0 7,col]idge1 ,public ,life ( our ,"l1 vol4 i41 page #bfb74 ,o!rs und]/& ! fir/ _s "h ( ! w9d2 & ?is is ! m common op9ion among comm5tators4 ,9 ?is view1 by means ( a simple & obvi\s illu/ration f nature1 ,*ri/ %[s ,nicodemus t he mu/ believe 9 ! possibility ( ?is second bir?1 ev5 ?\gh he "k n ! mann] 9 :i* x takes place4 ,! w9d bl[e? :]e x li/e?1 & y "k n :5ce x come? or :i!r x goe?3 s is x 9 reg5]ation2 y are reg5]at$1 ?\gh y _c compreh5d ! process4 ,t sometimes means w9d 9 ,biblical ,greek1 is und5iable 7see1 e4g41 ,g54 vii4 #a2 ,ps4 civ4 #d2 ,matt4 xxiv4 #ca2 ,heb4 i4 #g71 & ! use ( ! ^w "h 9 diff]5t s5ses is pla9 f ! comp>ison 799s is x991 c471 accord+ to ! patrons ( ?is second op9ion4 ,nor does ! fact t x is prec$$ by ! article "h oblige u1 accord+ to ^!1 to ref] x to ! ,holy ,gho/2 =1 j z 9 v]se #e1 )\t ! article1 x ref]s to ! ,holy ,gho/1 s "h1 ) ! article1 x may n ref] to ,him4 #i4 ,respondit ,nicodemus1 et #i4 ,nicodemus answ]$1 & dixit ei3 ,quomodo possunt haec said to him3 ,h[ c ^! fi]i8 ?+s be done8 #aj4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #aj4 ,jesus answ]$1 & said ei3 ,tu es magi/] 9 ,israel1 to him3 ,art ?\ a ma/] 9 et haec ignoras8 ,israel1 & kn[e/ n ^! ?+s8 #i1 #aj4 ,nicodemus aga9 asks h[ ^! ?+s c come to pass1 & ,jesus g5tly upbraids him = 8 ignorance4 ,z "o ( ! *ief tea*]s ( ,israel 7#cf7 7see also vii4 #deej71 "o ( ! sev5ty"o memb]s ( ! ,sanh$rim1 or supreme ,c\ncil ( ! ,jews1 he %\ld be famili> ) ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures1 & ought to h read 9 !m ! promise ( a spiritual reg5]ation4 ,see ,eze*4 xxxvi4 #be2 ,za*4 xiii4 #a4 #aa4 ,am51 am51 dico tibi1 #aa4 ,am51 am5 ,i say to !e1 quia quod scimus loquimur1 et t we speak :at we "k1 quod vidimus te/amur1 et & we te/ify :at we h te/imonium no/rum non se51 & y receive n our accipitis4 te/imony4 #aa4 ,*ri/ cont9ues us+ ! solemn =m ( assev]ation4 99,:at we "k499 ,! plural is us$ n ( ,himself & ! ,holy ,_s1 nor ( ,himself & ! ,prophets1 nor ( all born ( ! ,_s1 nor ( ! ,?ree ,p]sons ( ! ,tr9ity1 b simply z a plural ( maje/y4 99,:at we h se5499 ,sight1 says ,/4 ,*rys4 on ?is v]se1 we consid] ! mo/ c]ta9 ( all ! s5ses1 s t :5 we say we saw su* a ?+ ) our eyes1 we seem to compel m5 to believe u4 ,9 l mann]1 ,*ri/1 speak+ aft] ! mann] ( m51 does n inde$ mean t ,he has se5 actually ) ! bodily eye ! my/]ies ,he reveals1 b x is manife/ t ,he means ,he has ! mo/ c]ta9 & absolute 7& we may add1 imm$iate3 see above on i4 #ah7 k ( !m4 ,9 ^! words1 !n1 ,*ri/ insi/s ^u ,8 au?ority to tea*1 & ,8 claim to be believ$4 #ab4 ,si t]r5a dixi vobis1 et #ab4 ,if ,i h spok5 to y non cr$itis3 quomodo1 si e>?ly ?+s1 & y dix]o vobis coele/ia1 believe n3 h[ w y cr$etis8 believe if ,i %all speak to y heav5ly ?+s8 #ab4 ,if y w n believe ,me :5 ,i tea* y ! comp>atively elem5t>y doctr9e ( ,baptism1 :i* reg>ds ! reg5]ation ( man "h on e>?1 h[ %all y believe if ,i g on to speak ( tru?s m sublime1 m remov$ f ! realms ( s5se & human compreh5sion8 ,! spiritual vision ( ,nicodemus 0 h>dly able to be> ! fir/ ray ( tru?2 h[ !n 0 x to be> ! full flood ( ! light ( high] revelation8 #ac4 ,et nemo asc5dit 9 #ac4 ,& no man ha? asc5d$ coelum1 nisi qui desc5dit de into heav51 b he t coelo1 ,filius hom9is1 qui e/ desc5d$ f heav51 ! son 9 coelo4 ( man :o is 9 heav54 #ac4 ,! mean+ is3 ,no "o 0 9 heav5 except ,him :o has desc5d$ f heav51 & n[ speaks to y2 namely1 ! ,son ( ,man1 :o /ill rema9s 9 heav54 ,9 ?is view1 :i* is t ( ,/4 ,?omas1 ,toletus1 & ,beel51 ,*ri/ speaks ( ,himself z hav+ asc5d$ into heav5 only to accommodate ,8 language to human ideas1 :i* conceive ( asc5t to heav5 z necess>y1 9 ord] to our be+ !re4 ,! ,son ( ,man1 99z ,son ( ,god991 _h1 ( c\rse1 be5 !re f all et]nity & ne$$ n to asc5d4 ,"s ?9k t ,*ri/ "h beg9s to expla9 ! 8heav5ly ?+s0 ref]r$ to 9 ! prec$+ v]se2 b a m probable connection is ! foll[+3--,he _h said3 h[ %all y believe heav5ly ?+s f ,me s9ce y "q ev5 ! elem5t>y tru?s :i* ,i tell y8 ,& yet f ,me alone y mu/ le>n su* ?+s1 = no "o else has be5 9 heav51 s z to "k & be able to tea* y ! my/]ies ( ,god4 #ad4 ,et sicut ,moyses exaltavit #ad4 ,& z ,moses lift$ up ! s]p5tem 9 des]to1 ita s]p5t 9 ! des]t1 s mu/ exalt>ioportet ,filium ! son ( man be lift$ up3 hom9is3 #ae4 ,ut omnis1 qui cr$it 9 #ae4 ,t :osoev] believe? ipsum1 non p]eat1 s$ habeat 9 him1 may n p]i%1 b vitam aet]nam4 may h life ev]la/+4 #ad1 #ae4 ,*ri/ n[ goes on to speak ( "s ( ! m sublime doctr9es4 ,z ,moses rais$ up ! s]p5t1 ^u :i* :osoev] look$ 0 heal$ 7,numb]s xxi4 #di71 s mu/ ,*ri/ be lift$ up on ! cross 7see ,john viii4 #bh2 xii4 #cbcd71 to save ^? :o believe 9 ,him4 ,! be/ support$ ,greek read+ ( v]se #ae w\ld be r5d]$3--99,t ev]yone :o believes may1 ?r\gh him1 h et]nal life992 7may n p]i%1 b7 n be+ g5u9e1 & /&+ in/ead ( 4 ,?\gh fai? is ! only condition to salvation :i* is m5tion$ 9 v]se #ae1 o!rs are suppos$1 z is evid5t f v]se #e3--8,unless a man be born aga940 c4 ,fai?1 h[ev]1 is (t5 specially ref]r$ to1 because z ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t 7,sess4 vi41 c4 #h7 says3--8,fides e/ humanae salutis initium1 fundam5tum1 et radix omnis ju/ificationis40 #af4 ,sic enim ,deus dilexit #af4 ,= ,god s lov$ ! mundum1 ut ,filium suum _w1 z to give 8 only unig5itum d>et3 ut omnis1 begott5 ,son2 t :osoev] qui cr$it 9 eum1 non p]eat1 believe? 9 him1 may n s$ habeat vitam aet]nam4 p]i%1 b may h life ev]la/+4 #af4 ,"s comm5tators1 foll[+ ,erasmus1 hold t :at foll[s to ! end ( v]se #ba1 is n ! language ( ,*ri/1 b a comm5t ( ! ,evangeli/2 b m probably ,*ri/ /ill cont9ues4 ,! b\ndless love ( ,god = ! _w1 & n m]ely = ! elect1 is decl>$ to be ! cause ( ! inc>nation1 & ! _w's salvation its object4 ,x 0 ?is love t made ,god give ,8 onlybegott5 ,son to suff] = m5 & save !m4 #ag4 ,non enim misit ,deus ,filium #ag4 ,= ,god s5t n 8 ,son1 suum 9 mundum1 ut iudicet into ! _w1 to judge ! mundum1 s$ ut salvetur mundus _w1 b t ! _w may p] ipsum4 be sav$ by him4 #ag4 ,= x 0 to save1 n to judge ! _w1 t ! ,son ( ,god came at ,8 fir/ com+4 ,h]eaft] 9 ,8 second com+ ,he w come to judge & to condemn 7! context proves !re is "q ( ! judgm5t ( condemnation74 #ah4 ,qui cr$it 9 eum1 non #ah4 ,he t believe? 9 him iudicatur3 qui autem non is n judg$4 ,b he t cr$it1 iam iudicatus e/1 do? n believe is already quia non cr$it 9 nom9e judg$3 because he believe? unig5iti ,filii ,dei4 n 9 ! "n ( ! only begott5 ,son ( ,god4 #ah4 ,he :o believe? 9 ,*ri/ escapes ! judgm5t ( condemnation2 b he :o believe? n is already condemn$1 because1 inasmu* z he has n believ$1 8! wra? ( ,god10 i4e41 orig9al s9 7,eph4 ii4 #c7 & its effects 9 actual s91 rema9 ^u him 7v]se #cf72 & he has reject$ ! only means :]eby he c\ld be deliv]$ f !m4 ,x is z x a physician 7 s5t to ! sick1 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 !y :o come to him are cur$2 !y :o come n1 p]i%2 n ?r\gh him1 h[ev]1 b because ( _! disease4 #ai4 ,hoc e/ autem iudicium3 #ai4 ,& ?is is ! judgm5t3 quia lux v5it 9 mundum1 et because ! light is come into dilex]unt hom9es magis ! _w1 & m5 lov$ t5ebras quam lucem3 erant d>kness r ?an ! enim eorum mala op]a4 light3 = _! works 7 evil4 #ai4 ,?is is ! reason ( ! condemnation1 namely1 t m5 d n come to ! light1 b r %r9k f x1 ?r\gh ! fe> ( be+ =c$ by an awak5$ consci5ce to ab&on s94 #bj4 ,omnis enim qui male agit1 #bj4 ,= e "o t do? odit lucem1 et non v5it ad evil hate? ! light1 & lucem1 ut non arguantur op]a come? n to ! light1 t eius3 8 works may n be reprov$3 #bj4 99,= e "o t do? evil991 &1 z ,/4 ,*rys4 expla9s det]m9es to rema9 9 8 wick$ness1 99hate? ! light1 & come? n to ! light1 t 8 works may n be reprov$994 #ba4 ,qui autem facit v]itatem1 #ba4 ,b he t do? tru?1 v5it ad lucem1 ut come? to ! light1 t 8 manife/5tur op]a eius1 quia works may be made manife/1 9 ,deo sunt facta4 because !y are done 9 ,god4 #ba4 99,b he t do? ! 9999 tru?992 t is to say1 :at tru? directs1 or r ! practical tru? ( good works1 = "r action is ! realization ( true ?\ght1 99come? to ! light991 by accept+ ! fai? ( ,*ri/1 by believ+ 7v4 #ah74 99,t 8 works may be made manife/499 ,j z he :o does evil1 & int5ds to p]si/ 9 x1 %uns ! light1 9 ord] t 8 works may n be reprov$ 7v4 #bj71 s he :o does good1 & means to p]sev]e 9 x1 comes to ! light & believes1 9 ord] t 8 works may be approv$4 ,! anti!sis betwe5 ?is & ! prec$+ v]se1 %[s t ! manife/ation ( :i* !re is "q "h is equival5t to approval2 & inde$1 f ! nature ( ! case1 ! manife/ation ( su* works 9 ! light ( ,*ri/ian tru? w\ld be necess>ily foll[$ by _! approval1 n only by ,god1 b also by ! enlight5$ judgm5t ( him :o wr\ght !m4 99,because99 77 99!y are done99 7,gr4 h be5 done7 999 ,god994 ,^! words may be diff]5tly connect$4 ,!y may give ! reason :y he :o does good1 readily comes to ! light1 namely1 because 8 works h be5 good1 & he is n afraid to h !m te/$4 ,or1 !y might be und]/ood to give ! reason :y su* a "o's works are approv$1 namely because !y are done 9 ,god4 ,or aga91 may be tak5 to mean n1 8because10 b 8t20 & !n ! s5se w be1 t he :o does good comes to ! light & believes1 t 8 works may be made manife/ z hav+ be5 7t !y h be57 done 9 ,god4 ,! la/ is p]haps ! simple/ & mo/ natural int]pretation1 b ! fir/ also is probable4 ,b 9 any ( ^! int]pretations1 ! "q arises--h[ c ! works ( a man :o has n yet believ$1 be said to h be5 8done 9 ,god40 ,v>i\s answ]s h be5 giv54 ,we _c agree ) ^? comm5tators :o reply t !re is "q ( future works to be p]=m$ aft] ! reception ( fai?2 = ! :ole context1 & ! ,greek text 7h be5 done71 %[ t !re is "q ( pa/ works done be=e _! au?or has come to ! light4 ,nor d we ?9k t !re is "q m]ely ( natural works done 9 ! pa/ ) ! aid ( m$ic9al grace1 = su* works w\ld sc>cely be said to h be5 8done 9 ,god40 ,we hold1 !n1 t !re is ref]5ce to ! 8initium fidei10 t is to say1 to all ^? works t sprang f sup]natural grace1 7 salut>y 9 !mselves1 & l$ up to fai?4 ,^! are ! only works ( "o :o has n yet believ$1 t c be prop]ly said to h be5 done 9 ,god1 done accord+ to ,8 w & pleasure4 ,t !re are su* works antec$5t to fai?1 _c be d5i$2 = ! proposition3 8,fai? is ! fir/ grace10 put =w>d 9 ! s*ismatical ,c\ncil ( ,pi/oia1 0 condemn$ by ,pius ,,vi41 9 ! ,bull ,auctorem ,fidei4 ,besides1 x is de fide1 aga9/ ! ,semipelagians1 t sup]natural grace is necess>y = ! 8initium fidei10 f :i* x foll[s t ! works includ$ 9 ! 8initium fidei10 are salut>y1 & 8done 9 ,god40 #bb4 ,po/ haec v5it ,iesus1 et #bb4 ,aft] ^! ?+s ,jesus discipuli eius1 9 t]ram & 8 disciples came into ,iudaeam3 et illic demorabatur ! l& ( ,judea2 & !re cum eis1 et baptizabat4 he abode ) !m & baptiz$4 #bb4 99,aft] ^! ?+s992 t is to say1 aft] ?is disc\rse ) ,nicodemus4 ,h[ long our ,"l rema9$ 9 ,j]usalem on ! occasion ( ?is fir/ ,pas*1 we "k n4 ,by 99! l& ( ,judea991 is meant ! c\ntry p>ts ( t prov9ce1 z di/+ui%$ f ! city ( ,j]usalem1 :]e ! disc\rse ) ,nicodemus _h tak5 place4 ,9 ^! c\ntry p>ts1 !n1 ,jesus baptiz$ ?r\gh ,8 disciples 7iv4 #b71 ! baptism mo/ probably be+ sacram5tal4 #bc4 ,erat autem et ,ioannes #bc4 ,& ,john also 0 baptizans 9 ,a5non1 iuxta baptiz+ 9 ,ennon ne> ,salim2 ,salim3 quia aquae multae erant because !re 0 mu* wat] illic1 et v5iebant1 et !re1 & !y came1 & 7 baptizabantur4 baptiz$4 #bc4 99,ennon1 ne> ,salim499 ,! site ( ,a5non 7,gr4 1 f a ,*aldaic ^w mean+ spr+s7 is difficult to det]m9e4 ,if we comp>e v]se #bf ( ?is *apt] ) ,john i4 #bh1 x w\ld seem t ,a5non 0 we/ ( ! ,jordan4 ,eusebius & ,j]ome place x eight miles s\? ( ,scy?opolis1 8juxta ,salim et ,jordanem20 & ! latt] /ates t ! ru9s ( ,mel*iz$ek's palace exi/$ 9 8 day at ,salim4 ,^! /atem5ts are s positive t !y _c lightly be set aside4 ,9 ! ,jordan valley1 ab\t sev5 & ahalf miles f ,beisan 7,scy?opolis71 !re is a rem>kable gr\p ( sev5 spr+s1 all ly+ )9 a radius ( a qu>t] ( a mile1 :i* answ]s well to ! description 8_m wat]s407#cg7 ,accord+ to ?is view1 ,a5non 0 situat$ 9 ! nor?ea/ corn] ( ,sam>ia4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 ?9k1 f ! connection betwe5 ?is v]se & v]se #bb1 9 :i* ,jesus is said to baptize 9 ,judea1 t ,a5non also 0 9 ,judea1 & ref] to ,josue xv4 #cb1 :]e ! cities ( ,selim & ,a5 are m5tion$ z 9 ! tribe ( ,juda4 #bd4 ,nondum enim missus fu]at #bd4 ,= ,john 0 n yet ca/ ,ioannes 9 c>c]em4 into prison4 #bd4 ,! ,evangeli/ notes t ! ,bapti/ _h n yet be5 imprison$1 probably le/ x %\ld be ?\ght1 f ,matt4 iv4 #aa1 #ab1 t ! imprisonm5t ( ! ,bapti/ foll[$ at once ^u ! return ( ,*ri/ f ! =ty days' fa/ 9 ! des]t4 ,?is v]se1 !re=e1 af=ds a /rong pro( t our ,evangeli/ 0 acqua9t$ ) ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,mat!w4 #be4 ,facta e/ autem quae/io #be4 ,& !re arose a "q ex discipulis ,ioannis cum betwe5 "s ( ,john's ,iudaeis de purificatione4 disciples & ! ,jews conc]n+ purification3 #bf4 ,et v5]unt ad ,ioannem1 et #bf4 ,& !y came to ,john1 & dix]unt ei3 ,rabbi1 qui erat said to him3 ,rabbi1 he t tecum trans ,iordanem1 cui tu 0 ) !e beyond ! te/imonium p]hibui/i1 ecce ,jordan1 to :om ?\ gave/ hic baptizat1 et omnes v5iunt te/imony1 behold he ad eum4 baptize?1 & all m5 come to him4 #be1 #bf4 ,a "q arose betwe5 7 1 i4e41 8cujus auctores extit]e discipuli ,joannis10 ,beel1 ,gr4 ,gram41 #ea1 ,b4 #b1 #h7 ,john's disciples & ! ,jews1 i4e41 "s lead+ ,jews1 p]haps memb]s ( ! ,sanh$rim1 conc]n+ ! relative m]its ( ,john's baptism & ,*ri/'s2 & ,john's disciples come to _! ma/]1 jeal\s t 8 fame is be+ eclips$ by t ( ,him :om he _h be5 ! means ( br++ be=e ! public notice4 ,! be/ support$ read+ is a ,jew1 n ! ,jews4 #bg4 ,respondit ,ioannes1 et #bg4 ,john answ]$ & said3 ,a dixit3 ,non pote/ homo man _c receive any?+1 accip]e quidquam1 nisi fu]it unless x be giv5 him f ei datum de coelo4 heav54 #bh4 ,ipsi vos mihi te/imonium #bh4 ,y y\rselves d be> me p]hibetis1 quod dix]im3 ,non witness1 t ,i said1 ,i am n sum ego ,*ri/us1 s$ quia ,*ri/1 b t ,i am s5t missus sum ante illum4 be=e him4 #bg1 #bh4 ,john's answ] to 8 disciples is 8 la/ record$ te/imony to ,*ri/4 ,x is to ! effect t a man may n arrogate to himself p[] or (fice unless he h au?ority f ,god1 & t 8 own (fice is m]ely t ( precursor to ! ,messias4 #bi4 ,qui habet sponsam1 sponsus #bi4 ,he t ha? ! bride1 is e/3 amicus autem sponsi1 qui ! bridegroom3 b ! fri5d /at1 et audit eum1 gaudio ( ! bridegroom1 :o gaudet propt] vocem sponsi4 /&e? & he>e? him1 ,hoc ergo gaudium meum impletum rejoice? ) joy because ( e/4 ! bridegroom's voice4 ,?is my joy !re=e is fulfill$4 #bi4 ,by a famili> example ! ,bapti/ illu/rates ! diff]5ce betwe5 himself & ,*ri/4 ,on ! occasion ( a ,jewi% m>riage x 0 usual = ! bridegroom to h a fri5d 78amicus sponsi10 correspond+ to ! ( ! ,greeks71 ^: duty x 0 to arrange ! prelim9>ies to ! m>riage1 & at ! m>riage fea/ to m9i/] to ! bridegroom4 ,! s5se ( ! ,bapti/'s words !n is1 t ?\gh _m are pres5t to a w$d+1 only "o1 he :o ha? ! bride1 is ! bridegroom4 ,8 fri5d1 :o has help$ to br+ ab\t ! m>riage1 is satisfi$ to /& & m9i/] to him1 rejoic+ exce$+ly to he> ! bridegroom speak+ ) 8 bride1 nor jeal\s ( ! happy relations :i* subsi/ betwe5 !m4 99,?is1 my joy1 !re=e1 is fulfill$499 ,9 ^! words ! ,bapti/ po9ts ! application ( ! comp>ison to ,*ri/ & himself4 ,! ,bapti/ is ! 8amicus sponsi10 :o prep>$ ! disciples = ,*ri/2 ,*ri/ is ! bridegroom1 & ! disciples flock+ to ,*ri/ 7v]se #bf7 7 to con/itute ! ,*ur*1 :i* is ,8 sp\se4 ,see #b ,cor4 xi4 #b2 ,eph4 v4 #be1 #bg4 #cj4 ,illum oportet cresc]e1 me #cj4 ,he mu/ increase1 b ,i autem m9ui4 mu/ decrease4 #cj4 ,john _h fulfill$ 8 mission2 !nce=w>d1 !re=e1 :]eas ,*ri/1 9 virtue ( ,8 nature1 & ,8 (fice ( ,messias1 %\ld increase1 ! ,bapti/ himself %\ld decrease1 9 influ5ce & fame4 #ca4 ,qui desursum v5it1 sup] #ca4 ,he t come? f above1 omnes e/4 ,qui e/ de t]ra1 is above all4 ,he t is ( de t]ra e/1 et de t]ra ! e>?1 ( ! e>? he is1 loquitur4 ,qui de coelo v5it1 & ( ! e>? he speake?4 sup] omnes e/4 ,he t come? f heav51 is above all4 #ca4 ,he t ha? a div9e orig9 is above all m51 & s above me2 b ,he t is ( ! e>? by orig91 ( ! e>? he is 9 nature1 & ( ! e>? ,he speaks 7comp>e v]se #f74 ,?is is true ( all m51 9 comp>ison ) ,*ri/3 _! ?\ghts are e>?ly1 weak1 & limit$2 ,8 div9e & inexhau/ible2 b x is also true absolutely1 if we consid] !m ap>t f fai? & grace4 8,hoc autem 9 ,joanne v]um e/ primo1 si ejus nudam naturam spectes1 et seclusa ,dei gratia1 vocatione1 et revelatione3 sic enim ,joannes non nisi t]reus et t]r5us erat1 nec nisi t]r5a sapiebat2 quia #8si quid div9um audi/i a ,joanne illum9antis e/1 non recipi5tis1' ait ,/4 ,augu/9us1 quasi dicat1 id accepit a ,deo1 non habet a se0 7,a ,lap474 #cb4 ,et quod vidit1 et audivit1 #cb4 ,& :at he ha? se5 & hoc te/atur3 et te/imonium1 he>d1 t he te/ifie?3 & eius nemo accipit4 no man receive? 8 te/imony4 #cb4 ,:at ,*ri/ kn[e? ( ,8 own imm$iate div9e k1 z be+ 89 ! bosom ( ! ,fa!r0 7i4 #ah71 ?is ,he te/ifie?2 & yet h>dly anyone 78no man0 be+ an hyp]bole7 receive? ,8 te/imony4 ,*ri/ is metaphorically spok5 ( "h z see+ & he>+1 to indicate ,8 direct & imm$iate k ( ?+s div9e4 ,comp>e v4 #ai2 vi4 #df2 viii4 #ch2 xv4 #ae2 xvi4 #ac4 ,accord+ to ,patrizzi & o!rs1 ?is & ! foll[+ v]ses are ! words ( ! ,evangeli/2 b m probably ! ,bapti/ cont9ues to ! end ( ! *apt]1 develop+ ! reason :y ,*ri/ mu/ increase4 #cc4 ,qui accepit eius #cc4 ,he t ha? receiv$ 8 te/imonium1 signavit quia te/imony1 ha? set to 8 ,deus v]ax e/4 seal t ,god is true4 #cc4 ,he :o has believ$ 9 ,*ri/ has !reby te/ifi$ solemnly 7z ?\gh he set 8 seal to ! te/imony7 t ,god is tru?ful4 99,god99 "h ref]s to ! ,fa!r2 & ! mean+ is1 t by believ+ :at ,*ri/ tea*es1 we believe ,him to be tru?ful1 & !re=e believe ! ,fa!r also1 f :om ,he has receiv$ ,8 div9e nature & k1 & ,8 mission z ,messias1 to be tru?ful4 ,?is is bett] ?an to ref] ,god "h to ! ,son 7,*ri/71 z ,maldonatus does2 = 9 ! next v]se1 :i* proves ?is1 ,god pla9ly ref]s to ! ,fa!r4 #cd4 ,quem enim misit ,deus1 #cd4 ,= he :om ,god ha? s5t1 v]ba ,dei loquitur3 non enim speake? ! words ( ,god3 = ad m5suram dat ,deus spiritum4 ,god do? n give ! _s by measure4 #cd4 99,= he :om ,god99 7! ,fa!r7 99ha? s5t99 799z ,8 ,son991 v]se #ce71 z ! ,messias1 99speake? ! words ( ,god1 = ,god do? n give ! _s by measure994 ,! contra/ is betwe5 ! abundant gift ( ! ,_s to ,*ri/1 z man1 & ! /9t$ p>ticipation ( ! same ,_s by ^? :o are m]ely ( ! e>? 7,rom4 xii4 #c2 #a ,cor4 xii4 #ad74 ,! s5se1 !n1 is1 t ! gifts ( ! ,holy ,_s 7 p\r$ out 9 abundance on ,*ri/ z man2 t 8,he unceas+ly possess$ !m all at once to ! greate/ ext5t ( :i* human nature is capable0 7,m',ev472 & ?is pl5itude ( ! gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ )9 ,him is ! reason :y ,he speaks ! words ( ,god4 #ce4 ,pat] diligit ,filium3 et #ce4 ,! ,fa!r love? ! ,son3 omnia d$it 9 manu eius4 & he ha? giv5 all ?+s into 8 h&4 #ce4 ,?is pl5itude ( ! ,_s 9 ,*ri/1 ?is fulness ( grace & tru? 7i4 #af1 #ag71 9 ,*ri/ z man1 is ! effect ( ! love ( ! ,fa!r = ,8 ,inc>nate ,son1 :i* love has also caus$ ! ,fa!r to grant to ,*ri/1 z man1 ! be/[al 7,he ha? giv5 all ?+s 99into ,8 h&997 ( all ! gifts ( ! ,_s requir$ = ! salvation ( m54 #cf4 ,qui cr$it 9 ,filium habet #cf4 ,he t believe? 9 ! vitam aet]nam3 qui autem ,son1 ha? life ev]la/+3 incr$ulus e/ ,filio1 non b he t believe? n ! videbit vitam1 s$ ira ,dei ,son1 %all n see life1 b manet sup] eum4 ! wra? ( ,god abide? on him4 #cf4 ,s9ce1 !n1 ,jesus ,*ri/ has be5 con/itut$ our help unto salvation1 he t believes 9 ,him z ,son ( ,god 7& acts accord+ly7 ha? et]nal life begun 9 him by ju/ification2 he t believe? n1 c4 ,see v]se #ah4 ,?is spl5did te/imony ( ! ,bapti/ 9 fav\r ( ,*ri/ 0 int5d$ to deta* 8 disciples f himself1 & w9 !m to ,*ri/1 ( :om1 z we le>n f v]se #bf1 !y _h %[n !mselves jeal\s4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 #ad4 99,jesus sets out f ,judea to ,galilee499 #ebf4 99,arrival 9 ,si*>1 & disc\rse ) ! ,sam>itan woman499 #bgch4 99,disc\rse ) ! disciples499 #cidb4 99,/ay ) ! p ( ,si*>499 #dced4 ,cont9uation ( ! j\rney into ,galilee1 & heal+ ( ! rul]'s son4 #a4 ,ut ergo cognovit ,iesus quia #a4 ,:5 ,jesus !re=e audi]unt ph>isaei quod ,iesus und]/ood t ! ,ph>isees plures discipulos facit1 et _h he>d t ,jesus make? baptizat1 quam ,ioannes1 m disciples1 & baptize? m ?an ,john1 #a4 99,:5 ,jesus !re=e und]/ood991 c4 ,*ri/ is spok5 ( z if on ?is occasion ,he ga9$ k ( :i* ,he _h be5 ignorant1 because ?\gh1 z ,god1 ,he knew all ?+s1 e inmo/ ?\ght ( ! ,ph>isees1 yet1 z man1 l o!r m51 ,he ga!r$ k f ,8 fell[m54 ,see ,mald4 99,t ,jesus499 ,n t ,he ,himself2 because ! report :i* ! ,ph>isees _h he>d is giv5 v]batim1 8t0 77 m]ely introduc+ x4 #b4 7,quamquam ,iesus non #b4 7,?\gh ,jesus himself did baptiz>et s$ discipuli n baptize1 b 8 eius17 disciples17 #b4 ,jesus ,himself did n usually baptize2 probably because1 l ,/4 ,paul 7#a ,cor4 i4 #adaf71 ,8 mission 0 to prea* & tea*4 ,x by no means foll[s f ?is v]se t ,he nev] baptiz$ anyone2 & _m writ]s are ( op9ion t ,he baptiz$ "s ,himself4 #c4 ,reliquit ,iudaeam1 et abiit #c4 ,he left ,judea1 & w5t it]um 9 ,galilaeam2 aga9 into ,galilee4 #c4 ,because ,8 "t to suff] _h n yet come1 & mu* ( ! "w ( ,8 public mission /ill rema9$ to be accompli%$1 ,he left ,judea1 ! headqu>t]s ( ! ,ph>isees1 ^: jeal\sy ,he knew w\ld be ar\s$ by ! report m5tion$ 9 v]se #a1 & w5t aga9 7see ,john i4 #dc7 into ,galilee4 #d4 ,oportebat autem eum #d4 ,& he 0 ( necessity to transire p] ,sam>iam4 pass ?r\gh ,sam>ia4 #e4 ,v5it ergo 9 civitatem #e4 ,he come? !re=e to a ,sam>iae1 quae dicitur ,si*>3 city ( ,sam>ia :i* is iuxta pra$ium quod d$it call$ ,si*>2 ne> ! l& ,iacob ,ioseph filio suo4 :i* ,jacob gave to 8 son ,joseph4 #d1 #e4 ,n *oos+ to cross to ! ea/ ( ! ,jordan1 & g up ?r\gh ,p]aea1 z "s ( ! /rict] ,jews did1 :o wi%$ to avoid all possible contact ) ! ,sam>itans1 ,he 0 oblig$ to pass ?r\gh ,sam>ia4 ,( ! ?ree prov9ces ( ,pale/9e we/ ( ! ,jordan1 ,sam>ia 0 9 ! c5tre1 ) ,judea to ! s\?1 & ,galilee to ! nor?4 8,/4 ,john is ?us c>eful to note t ?is 0 no mission to ! ,sam>itans :i* ! ,"l und]took4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! law :i* ,he impos$ on ,8 disciples3 #8,& into any city ( ! ,sam>itans ent] ye n' 7,matt4 x4 #e71 ?is1 dur+ ! days ( ,8 fle%1 ,he impos$ also on ,himself4 ,he 0 n s5t #8b to ! lo/ %eep ( ! h\se ( ,israel' 7,matt4 xv4 #bd2 ,acts xiii4 #df72 & if any grace rea*$ ,sam>itan or hea!n1 x 01 s to speak1 b by accid5t1 a crumb fall+ f ! *ildr5's table407#ch7 ,sam>ia _h be5 ! portion ( ! tribe ( ,ephraim & ( half ! tribe ( ,manasses4 ,! prov9ce d]iv$ its "n f its *ief city1 ,sam>ia1 :i*1 9 turn1 got its "n f ,m\nt ,som] 7or ,sem]71 on :i* x 0 built 7#c ,k+s xvi4 #bd74 ,see ,a ,lap4 ,! city call$ ,si*>7#ci7 7! mod]n ,nabulus7 by ,/4 ,john is ! anci5t ,si*em1 :]e ,abram built an alt> to ! ,"l 7,g54 xii4 #g71 "u ! turp5t9e tree beh9d :i* ,jacob buri$ ! idols ( 8 h\sehold 7,g54 xxxv4 #d71 & :]e ! bones ( ! twelve patri>*s 7 laid to re/ 7,acts vii4 #af74 99,ne> ! l& :i* ,jacob gave to 8 son ,joseph499 ,see ,g54 xxxviii4 #ah1 #ai2 ,josue xxiv4 #cb4 #f4 ,erat autem ibi fons ,iacob1 #f4 ,n[ ,jacob's well 0 !re4 ,iesus ergo fatigatus ex ,jesus !re=e be+ we>i$ it9]e1 s$ebat sic supra ) 8 j\rney1 sat ?us on fontem4 ,hora erat quasi sexta4 ! well4 ,x 0 ab\t ! six? h\r4 #f4 99,jacob's well991 :i* he _h dug or b\ght1 0 !re2 & ,jesus1 we>y because ( ,8 j\rney1 sat ?us 7sic41 8hoc e/1 fatigatus ut erat10 ,beel47 by ! well4 99,x 0 ab\t ! six? h\r499 ,see on i4 #ci4 #g4 ,v5it muli] de ,sam>ia #g4 ,!re come? a woman ( haurire aquam4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,sam>ia to draw wat]4 ,jesus ,da mihi bib]e4 sai? to h]3 ,give me to dr9k4 #g4 ,!re come? a woman ( ,sam>ia1 n ( ! city ( ,sam>ia1 = t 0 six miles di/ant1 b ( ! c\ntry ( ,sam>ia1 a ,sam>itan woman1 to draw wat]47#dj7 #h4 7,discipuli enim eius #h4 ,= 8 disciples 7 gone abi]ant 9 civitatem ut cibos into ! city to buy meats4 em]5t47 #h4 ,because ,he _h no "o else to give ,him to dr9k1 ,he asks h] to d s1 & ?us leads up naturally to ! foll[+ disc\rse4 #i4 ,dicit ergo ei muli] illa #i4 ,!n t ,sam>itan woman ,sam>itana3 ,quomodo tu ,iudaeus sai? to him3 ,h[ do/ ?\1 cum sis1 bib]e a me poscis1 be+ a ,jew1 ask ( me to quae sum muli] ,sam>itana8 dr9k1 :o am a ,sam>itan non enim c\tuntur ,iudaei woman8 ,= ! ,jews d n ,sam>itanis4 communicate ) ! ,sam>itans4 #i4 ,! ,sam>itans1 ) :om1 z "h /at$1 ! ,jews avoid$ all int]c\rse1 7 ei!r pure ,assyrians or a mixture ( ,jews & ,assyrians1 at be/ a mongrel race4 ,v probably "s ,jews 7 left beh9d 9 ,sam>ia at ! "t ( ! ,assyrian captivity1 "u ,salmanass>1 #gba ,b4,c42 & f ^! int]m>ry+ ) ! import$ ,ea/]ns sprang ! ,sam>itans4 ,! ,jews reg>d$ ! ,sam>itans ) special av]sion = _m reasons4 ,!y 7 ! desc5dants ( ! ,assyrian conqu]ors2 !y held :at 0 ! rightful inh]itance ( ! ,jews2 !y corrupt$ ,jewi% wor%ip2 !y endeav\r$ to prev5t ! rebuild+ ( ! ,temple "u ,zorobabel 7#a ,esd4 iv4 #b1 #g1 #h71 & 7 always prep>$ to h>b\r ! false fri5ds or op5 enemies ( ! ,jews4 ,h5ce ?is woman1 recognis+ 9 ,*ri/'s dress & acc5t ,8 ,jewi% orig91 wond]s t ,he w\ld speak to1 mu* less dr9k f1 a ,sam>itan4 ,! la/ clause3 99,= ! ,jews d n communicate ) ! ,sam>itans991 is add$ by ! ,evangeli/ z an explanation ( ! woman's "q = ,g5tile read]s4 #aj4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #aj4 ,jesus answ]$ & said to ei3 ,si scires donum ,dei1 et h]3 ,if ?\ did/ "k ! quis e/ qui dicit tibi1 ,da gift ( ,god1 & :o he is mihi bib]e2 tu =sitan t sai? to !e1 ,give me to petisses ab eo1 et d$isset dr9k2 ?\ p]haps w\ld/ tibi aquam vivam4 h ask$ ( him1 & he w\ld h giv5 !e liv+ wat]4 #aj4 99,! gift ( ,god99 is n ! ,holy ,gho/1 nor ,*ri/ ,himself1 nor ! opportunity n[ (f]$ h]1 b mo/ probably ! gift ( grace1 ! 8liv+ wat]0 spok5 ( 9 ! end ( ! v]se4 ,h5ce ,*ri/'s words mean3 ,if y knew t !re is a spiritual wat] :i* slakes ! ?ir/ ( man 9 ! des]t ( ?is _w1 & t ,he :o c be/[ x speaks to y1 99?\ p]haps w\ld/ h ask$991 c4 99,p]haps99 7=sitan7 is n repres5t$ 9 ! ,greek1 9 :i* we h an ord9>y conditional s5t5ce2 & c]ta9ly ,*ri/ knew )\t d\bt :at w\ld h be5 ! result4 ,! ,vulgate translator1 probably add$ 8=sitan0 to indicate t %e w\ld /ill be free to reject ! grace (f]$4 99,liv+ wat]499 ,!re is ! same div]sity ( op9ion "h z 9 reg>d to ! 8gift ( ,god10 ) ! addition t "s h held ! ref]5ce "h to be to ! wat]s ( baptism4 ,we take x t ! ref]5ce aga9 is to grace4 ,liv+ wat] prop]ly signifies runn+ wat]1 9 opposition to ! /agnant wat] ( pools or ci/]ns4 ,"h1 h[ev] ! words seem to be us$ 9 _! highe/ s5se1 ( wat]s :i* come f ,god & be/[ life ^u all :o dr9k ( !m4 #aa4 ,dicit ei muli]3 ,dom9e1 #aa4 ,! woman sai? to him3 neque 9 quo haurias habes1 et ,sir1 ?\ ha/ no?+ :]e9 puteus altus e/3 unde ergo to draw1 & ! well is deep3 habes aquam vivam8 f :5ce !n ha/ ?\ liv+ wat]8 #ab4 ,numquid tu maior es patre #ab4 ,art ?\ great] ?an our no/ro ,iacob1 qui d$it nobis fa!r ,jacob1 :o gave u ! puteum1 et ipse ex eo bibit1 well1 & drank !re( et filii eius1 et pecora eius8 himself1 & 8 *ildr51 & 8 cattle8 #aa1 #ab4 ,%e und]/&s ,him to speak ( natural wat]1 :i* ,he seem$ to ?9k sup]ior to t ( ,jacob's well2 &1 conclud+ t ,he mu/ ref] to ! wat] ( "s o!r well1 s9ce inde$ ,he _h no bucket1 no means ( draw+ f ! deep well at :i* %e /ood1 %e asks ,him3 ,art ,?\ great] ?an our fa!r ,jacob1 s z to be able to provide a bett] wat] ?an he provid$ = u 9 ?is well8 ,t its wat]s 7 good en\gh = him & 8 sons1 is a pro( ( _! excell5ce2 t !y suffic$ = all 8 h\sehold & cattle1 is evid5ce ( _! abundance4 ,!re is a t+e ( res5tm5t 9 ! words ( v]se #ab1 = ! ,sam>itans claim$ desc5t f ,jacob 799our fa!r1 ,jacob9971 ?r\gh ,joseph & ,joseph's sons1 ,ephraim & ,manasses1 ^: tribal t]ritory !y possess$1 & ?is ,jewi% ,/rang] seem$ to ! woman to set ,himself above ! great ,patri>* ( h] race4 #ac4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #ac4 ,jesus answ]$1 & said ei3 ,omnis qui bibit ex aqua to h]3 ,:osoev] dr9ke? ( hac1 sitiet it]um3 qui autem ?is wat]1 %all ?ir/ bib]it ex aqua quam ego dabo aga93 b he t %all dr9k ei1 non sitiet 9 aet]num3 ( ! wat] t ,i w give him1 %all n ?ir/ = ev]4 #ac4 ,)\t reply+ explicitly t ,he 0 inde$ great] ?an ,jacob1 ,*ri/ implies ?is by decl>+ t ! wat] :i* ,he w give is sup]ior to t ( ,jacob's well4 ,= :ile ! latt] only satisfies pres5t wants1 t :i* ,he w give w qu5* pres5t & prev5t future ?ir/4 ,:at is said 9 ,eccl4 xxiv4 #bi3 8,!y t dr9k ,me %all yet ?ir/10 is n oppos$ to our ,"l's words "h2 = 9 ,ecclesia/icus !re is "q ( desire spr++ f love1 "h ( a crav+ aris+ f want4 ,^! words ( our ,"l %[1 !n1 t sanctify+ grace is ( its own nature p]5nial 9 ! s\l4 ,"t does n we> x away2 use does n consume x2 unless x be expell$1 x nev] dep>ts3 8,he t dr9ks 444 %all n ?ir/ = ev]40 #ad4 ,s$ aqua1 quam ego dabo #ad4 ,b ! wat] t ,i w ei1 fiet 9 eo fons aquae give him1 %all become 9 him sali5tis 9 vitam aet]nam4 a f\nta9 ( wat] spr++ up into life ev]la/+4 #ad4 ,b s f> f ?ir/+1 he %all h t )9 him1 t is1 ! ,holy ,gho/ & ,8 graces1 :i* w conduct him to et]nal life4 ,9 ?is beautiful metaphor1 ! spiritual wat] ( grace is repres5t$ z f9d+ its own level2 com+ f heav51 x w return ?i!r 9 ^? :om x has sav$4 ,! m5tion ( 99et]nal life99 ought to h made x cle> t ,*ri/ spoke ( sup]natural & spiritual wat]4 #ae4 ,dicit ad eum muli]3 #ae4 ,! woman sai? to him3 ,dom9e1 da mihi hanc aquam1 ut ,sir1 give me ?is wat]1 t non sitiam1 neque v5iam huc ,i may n ?ir/1 nor come haurire4 hi!r to draw4 #ae4 ,yet %e probably /ill und]/&s ( ,him m]ely natural wat]1 8,adhuc c>nalis e/ muli]0 7,mald473 & anticipates only relief f hav+ come to ,jacob's well 9 future4 #af4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,vade1 voca #af4 ,jesus sai? to h]3 ,g1 virum tuum1 et v5i huc4 call ?y husb&1 & come hi!r4 #af4 ,*ri/1 ( c\rse1 knew %e _h no husb&2 b ,he knew also :at answ] %e w\ld give1 & ,he wi%$ to get a natural opportunity ( disclos+ to h] ! secrets ( h] wick$ life1 t ,he might manife/ ,8 sup]natural k4 #ag4 ,respondit muli]1 et #ag4 ,! woman answ]$1 & dixit3 ,non habeo virum4 ,dicit said3 ,i h no husb&4 ,jesus ei ,iesus3 ,b5e dixi/i1 quia said to h]3 ,?\ ha/ said non habeo virum3 well1 ,i h no husb&3 #ah4 ,qu9que enim viros #ah4 ,= ?\ ha/ _h five habui/i3 et nunc quem habes1 husb&s3 & he :om ?\ n[ non e/ tuus vir3 hoc v]e ha/1 is n ?y husb&4 ,?is dixi/i4 ?\ ha/ said truly4 #ag1 #ah4 99,?\ ha/ well said1 ,i h no husb&991 or r1 husb& ,i h n1 ) an emphasis on husb&1 :i* is m>k$ 9 ! ,greek by its position 9 ! s5t5ce1 z reproduc$ by ,*ri/4 99,?\ ha/ _h five husb&s499 ,?\gh ,/4 ,*rys4 & ,mald4 ?9k t !re is "q1 n ( husb&s1 b ( p>am\rs1 ! common op9ion1 & c]ta9ly ! obvi\s "o1 is t husb&s are spok5 (4 ,x is n necess>y to suppose t ! husb&s made room = "o ano!r by dea?1 = %e may h be5 divorc$ by sev]al ( !m4 ,see ,deut4 xxiv4 #a1 #b2 ,matt4 xix4 #c4 #ai4 ,dicit ei muli]3 ,dom9e1 #ai4 ,! woman sai? to him3 video quia propheta es tu4 ,sir1 ,i p]ceive t ?\ art a prophet4 #ai4 99,a prophet992 i4e41 "h1 z else:]e frequ5tly1 "o :o has sup]natural k1 :o kn[s ?+s :i* are naturally hidd5 f him4 ,9 ^! words ! poor woman confesses h] own guilt & ! exalt$ "* ( ,*ri/1 :om1 h[ev]1 %e does n yet recognise z 8,! ,prophet10 ! ,messias1 b only z a prophet4 #bj4 ,patres no/ri 9 monte hoc #bj4 ,our fa!rs ador$ on ?is adorav]unt1 et vos dicitis1 m\nta91 & y say t at quia ,i]osolymis e/ locus ubi ,j]usalem is ! place :]e ador>e oportet4 m5 mu/ adore4 #bj4 ,n s mu* = ! purpose ( turn+ ! conv]sation f ! unpleasant subject ( h] own "*17#da7 z 9 ord] to h ! op9ion ( a prophet ^u an important "q1 %e adds3 99,our fa!rs991 c4 ,%e says t h] ,sam>itan ance/ors _h wor%ipp$ on t m\nta94 ,%e evid5tly ref]s to public wor%ip1 public c]emonies appo9t$ by ,god1 especially ! wor%ip ( 99sacrifice992 = ! ,jews nev] held t private wor%ip1 z ( pray]1 %\ld be re/rict$ to ,j]usalem4 ,! m\nta9 to :i* %e ref]s1 & b5ea? ! %ad[ ( :i* ,*ri/ & %e 7 /&+1 is ,m\nt ,g>izim1 :i* ov]hangs ! t[n ( ,si*>4 ,9 ! "t ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 ,manasses1 a ,jewi% prie/1 0 exclud$ f ! ex]cise ( 8 m9i/ry = m>ry+ ! daught] ( ! k+ ( ,si*em4 ,! k+ accord+ly built = ,manasses a temple on ,m\nt ,g>izim1 :]e he (f]$ sacrifice to ! true ,god4 ,?is temple 0 built ab\t #ccj ,b4,c41 & /ood = two hundr$ ye>s4 ,aft] x 0 de/roy$1 ab\t #acj ,b4,c41 ! ,sam>itans erect$ an alt> ^u ,g>izim1 & cont9u$ to (f] sacrifice !re2 s t f ! "t ( ,manasses ! true ,god 0 wor%ipp$1 ?\gh imp]fectly1 among !m4 ,!re /ill rema9 a few families ( ,sam>itans1 "u ! %ad[ ( ,m\nt ,g>izim1 9 ! mod]n city ( ,nabulus1 or ,napl\se4 #ba4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,muli] #ba4 ,jesus sai? to h]3 ,woman1 cr$e mihi1 quia v5it hora believe me1 t ! h\r qu&o neque 9 monte hoc1 come?1 :5 y %all nei!r neque ,i]osolymis adorabitis on ?is m\nta91 nor 9 ,patrem4 ,j]usalem adore ! ,fa!r4 #ba4 ,*ri/ decl>es ) all solemnity t ! "t is at h&--nay1 already come 7see v]se #bc71 :5 true wor%ip %all be re/rict$ nei!r to ,j]usalem nor to ,g>izim2 & h5ce h] "q is practically unimportant4 #bb4 ,vos adoratis quod #bb4 ,y adore t :i* y nescitis3 nos adoramus quod "k n3 we adore t :i* scimus1 quia salus ex ,iudaeis we "k2 = salvation is ( e/4 ! ,jews4 #bb4 99,y adore t :i*99 77 99y "k n994 ,z ! woman's inquiry reg>d$ n ! object1 b ! place ( wor%ip1 "s h und]/ood ^! words ( our ,"l 9 ref]5ce to ! place1 z if ,he said3 ,y adore 9 a place = wor%ipp+ 9 :i* y h no ,div9e sanction1 we 9 a place po9t$ out by ! f+] ( ,god4 ,b x is difficult to reconcile ?is view ) our ,"l's words3 8,y adore t :i* y "k n40 ,h5ce x is m probable1 t 9 reply+ to h] inquiry1 ,he takes occasion to ref] to ! imp]fect k ( ,god1 possess$ by ,sam>itans4 ,! neut] 77 seems to be us$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 to %[ ! want ( p]sonality & def9it5ess 9 ! ,sam>itan idea ( ,god17#db7 & 9 ! second in/ance m]ely = ! sake ( correspond5ce betwe5 ! two memb]s ( ! s5t5ce4 99,we adore499 ,t ,*ri/ numb]s ,himself among ^? :o adore1 m]ely proves t ,he _h a human nature4 #bc4 ,s$ v5it hora1 et nunc #bc4 ,b ! h\r come?1 & e/1 qu&o v]i adoratores n[ is1 :5 ! true ador]s adorabunt ,patrem 9 spiritu et %all adore ! ,fa!r 9 v]itate4 ,nam et ,pat] tales _s & 9 tru?4 ,= ! qua]it1 qui ador5t eum4 ,fa!r also seeke? su* to adore him4 #bc4 ,/ill1 ?\gh ?is is s1 n ev5 to ,j]usalem1 %all wor%ip be re/rict$ 9 ! future2 99b ! h\r come?991 c4 ,:at is ! adoration 999 _s & 9 tru?991 "h =etold8 ,evid5tly ! wor%ip ( ! new disp5sation1 z contra/$ ) t ( ! old2 ?is is pla9 f ! :ole context4 ,:at1 !n1 is meant by say+ t ! wor%ip ( ! new disp5sation is to be 999 _s & 9 tru?998 ,v>i\s int]pretations ( ! words h be5 giv54 7#a7 8,9 _s0 is oppos$ to ! wor%ip ( ! ,jews2 89 tru?0 to t ( ! ,sam>itans4 ,h5ce ! wor%ip ( ! new disp5sation is to be1 n m]ely ext]nal1 z 0 ! ,jewi% 7unless x 0 accompani$ by fai? 9 ! ,r$eem] to come1 9 :i* case x 0 n m]ely ,jewi%1 b ,*ri/ian71 nor false1 z 0 ! ,sam>itan4 7,toletus47 7#b7 8,9 _s0 is oppos$ to all m]ely ext]nal & local wor%ip1 :e!r ( ,jews or ,sam>itans2 89 tru?0 to ! typical & imp]fect wor%ip ( ! ,jews4 ,= ! ,jewi% sacrifices & c]emonies 7 only %ad[s & types ( ! realities 9 ! ,new ,law4 8,= ! law hav+ a %ad[ ( ! good ?+s to come1 n ! v image 7reality7 ( ! ?+s3 by ! selfsame sacrifices :i* !y (f] cont9ually e ye>1 c nev] make ! com]s !reunto p]fect0 7,heb4 x4 #a71 ,mald41 :o fav\rs next op9ion also4 7#c7 8,9 _s0 & 89 tru?0 are synonym\s1 & signify true sup]natural wor%ip1 spr++ f fai? & grace1 & h5ce oppos$ to all imp]fect or false wor%ip4 ,?is op9ion1 consid]$ equally probable ) ! prec$+ by ,maldonatus1 & held by ,beel5 & ,corluy1 we pref]2 = 9 v]se #bd1 ! fact t ,god is a ,_s 7x is n /at$ t ,he is also ,tru?7 is giv5 z ! reason :y ,he %\ld be wor%ipp$ 9 bo? _s & tru?4 ,! di/+ui%+ features ( true ,*ri/ian wor%ip1 indicat$ 9 v]ses #ba1 #bc1 are t x is to be univ]sal1 n re/rict$1 l ! ,jewi% or ,sam>itan1 to ,j]usalem or ,g>izim2 & spiritual1 (f]$ ) he>ts animat$ by fai? & grace1 & n consi/+ m]ely 9 ext]nal rites4 #bd4 ,spiritus e/ ,deus3 et eos1 #bd4 ,god is a ,_s1 & !y qui adorant eum1 9 spiritu et t adore him1 mu/ adore him v]itate oportet ador>e4 9 _s & 9 tru?4 #bd4 ,9 ! end ( v]se #bc & 9 ?is v]se ,*ri/ goes on to give ! reasons :y ?is wor%ip1 :i* is prim>ily spiritual1 is to exi/ 9 ! new & m p]fect disp5sation--7#a74 ,x is ! ,fa!r's w4 7#b7 ,x is meet t su* %\ld be ! wor%ip paid to ,him :o is ,himself a ,_s4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to po9t out t ,calv9's int]pretation ( adoration by fai? alone _c be admitt$4 ,7 t suffici5t1 ! devils !mselves w\ld be true ador]s1 = 8! devils also believe & tremble0 7,james ii4 #ai74 ,nei!r does ,*ri/ "h imply t all ext]nal wor%ip1 ext]nal rites & c]emonies1 7 to cease1 b only t !y 7 to cease to be m]ely ext]nal2 else 7#a7 ,8 acts w\ld contradict ,8 words1 ,luke xxii4 #da2 xxiv4 #ej2 7#b7 ,8 ,apo/les w\ld di/9ctly disobey ,him3 see ,acts xvi4 #be2 ix4 #dj3 ,eph4 iii4 #ad2 7#c7 ,8 ,*ur* 9 e age has misund]/ood ,him4 #be4 ,dicit ei muli]3 ,scio quia #be4 ,! woman sai? to him3 ,i ,messias v5it 7qui dicitur "k t ! ,messias come? ,*ri/us73 cum ergo v5]it 7:o is call$ ,*ri/71 ille1 nobis annuntiabit omnia4 !re=e :5 he is come1 he w tell u all ?+s4 #be4 ,! poor woman1 app>5tly bewild]$ by :at ,*ri/ _h j said1 is satisfi$ to wait 9 confid5ce till ,messias 7"h )\t ! article1 us$ z a prop] "n7 %all come1 :o1 %e believes1 w make kn[n all t x is necess>y to "k reg>d+ ! place & "* ( ! wor%ip ( ! true ,god4 ,z ! ,sam>itans admitt$ only ! ,p5tateu*1 :]e ! t]m ,messias is n us$ 7?\gh ,8 com+ is =etold1 ,deut4 xviii4 #ah72 z1 moreov]1 %e c\ld n h ga!r$ f ! ,p5tateu* ! "t ( ,8 com+1 %e mu/ h le>n$ by rum\r t ! ,jews 7 at ?is "t expect+ ! ,messias2 h] words1 8,he w tell u all ?+s10 %[$ t %e hop$ = ,8 com+ 9 h] own day4 ,x is difficult to say :e!r ! words explanatory ( ,messias1 99:o is call$ ,*ri/991 are ! woman's or our ,evangeli/'s4 ,t ! ,evangeli/ expla9$ ! t]m be=e 7i4 #da71 is n a pro( t he does n d s aga91 = see ,john xi4 #af2 xx4 #bd2 xxi4 #b4 #bf4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,ego sum1 #bf4 ,jesus sai? to h]3 ,i am qui loquor tecum4 he :o am speak+ ) !e4 #bg4 ,et cont9uo v5]unt #bg4 ,& imm$iately 8 discipuli eius3 et mirabantur1 disciples came3 & !y quia cum muli]e loquebatur4 wond]$ t he talk$ ) ,nemo tam5 dixit3 ,quid ! woman4 ,yet no man said3 qua]is1 aut quid loqu]is cum ,:at seeke/ ?\1 or :y ea8 talke/ ?\ ) h]8 #bf1 #bg4 ,at l5g? ,*ri/ reveals ,himself2 & n[ t ,he has excit$ h] int]e/ & awak5$ h] fai?1 ! disciples return f ,si*>1 & are a/oni%$ to f9d ,him speak+ publicly ) a woman--a ?+ n usually done by ,jewi% doctors4 #bh4 ,reliquit ergo hydriam suam #bh4 ,! woman !re=e left muli]1 et abiit 9 civitatem1 h] wat]pot1 & w5t h] way et dicit illis hom9ibus3 into ! city1 & sai? to ! m5 !re3 #bi4 ,v5ite1 et videte hom9em #bi4 ,come1 & see a man :o qui dixit mihi omnia has told me all ?+s quaecumque feci3 numquid ipse :atsoev] ,i h done4 ,is n e/ ,*ri/us8 he ! ,*ri/8 #cj4 ,exi]unt ergo de civitate1 #cj4 ,!y w5t !re=e out ( et v5iebant ad eum4 ! city1 & came unto him4 #bhcj4 ,! disc\rse be+ int]rupt$ by ! arrival ( ! disciples1 ! woman1 =getful or indiff]5t reg>d+ ! err& :i* _h br\ght h] to ! well1 99w5t h] way into ! city991 & soon return$ ) a numb] ( h] fell[citiz5s4 #ca4 ,int]ea rogabant eum #ca4 ,9 ! meantime ! discipuli1 dic5tes3 ,rabbi1 disciples pray$ him1 say+3 m&uca4 ,rabbi1 eat4 #cb4 ,ille autem dicit eis3 ,ego #cb4 ,b he said to !m3 ,i cibum habeo m&uc>e1 quem h meat to eat :i* y vos nescitis4 "k n4 #cc4 ,dicebant ergo discipuli ad #cc4 ,! disciples !re=e invicem3 ,numquid aliquis said "o to ano!r3 ,ha? any attulit ei m&uc>e8 man br\ght him to eat8 #cd4 ,dicit eis ,iesus3 ,meus #cd4 ,jesus sai? to !m3 ,my cibus e/ ut faciam voluntatem meat is to d ! w ( him eius qui misit me1 ut t s5t me1 t ,i may p]ficiam opus eius4 p]fect 8 "w4 #cacd4 ,mean:ile ! disciples invite ,jesus to eat1 to :om ,he replies t ,he has meat to eat :i* !y "k n1 t meat be+1 z ,he expla9s 9 v]se #cd1 to d ! w ( ,him t s5t ,him4 ,x 0 no "t = att5d+ to ! wants ( ,8 human nature2 ,he _h m s]i\s "w 9 h& 9 ! conv]sion ( ! ,sam>itans4 #ce4 ,nonne vos dicitis quod #ce4 ,d n y say1 !re are adhuc quatuor m5ses sunt1 et yet f\r mon?s1 & !n ! messis v5it8 ,ecce dico vobis3 h>ve/ come?8 ,behold ,i say ,levate oculos ve/ros1 et to y1 lift up y\r eyes1 & videte regiones1 quia albae see ! c\ntries1 = !y sunt iam ad messem4 are :ite already to h>ve/4 #ce4 99,!re are yet f\r mon?s1 & !n ! h>ve/ come?499 ,maldonatus1 foll[$ by ,fa!r ,col]idge1 takes ?is to be a prov]b7#dc7 mean+ t !re is no ne$ ( hurry--t ! matt] 9 "q is /ill f> (f4 ,z1 h[ev]1 !re is no evid5ce t su* a prov]b 0 curr5t among ! ,jews1 x is mu* bett] to und]/& ! v]se ?us3 ,y say :at is true1 t x is /ill f\r mon?s till ! h>ve/ ( nature2 b lift up y\r eyes1 & behold ! h>ve/ ( grace 9 ! m5 ( ,si*> :o are approa*+4 ,z ! b>ley h>ve/ 9 ,pale/9e came 9 ab\t ! middle ( ,april1 ?is "t1 f\r mon?s e>li]1 0 ! middle ( ,decemb]1 ! end ( ! fir/ ye> ( our ,"l's public life47#dd7 #cf4 ,et qui metit1 m]c$em #cf4 ,& he t reape? accipit1 et congregat fructum receive? wages1 & ga!re? 9 vitam aet]nam3 ut1 et qui fruit unto life ev]la/+3 sem9at1 simul gaudeat1 et qui t bo? he t s[e?1 & metit4 he t reape?1 may rejoice toge!r4 #cf4 ,he enc\rages ,8 disciples to ! "w2 9 sav+ o!rs !y save !mselves4 #cg4 ,9 hoc enim e/ v]bum #cg4 ,= 9 ?is is ! say+ v]um3 quia alius e/ qui true3 t x is "o man t sem9at1 et alius e/ qui s[e?1 & x is ano!r t metit4 reape?4 #ch4 ,ego misi vos met]e quod #ch4 ,i h s5t y to reap vos non labora/is3 alii t 9 :i* y did n laborav]unt1 et vos 9 lab\r3 o!rs h lab\r$1 labores3 eorum introi/is4 & y h ent]$ into _! lab\rs4 #cgch4 ,! ,prophets & ,doctors ( ! old ,law _h prep>$ ! way = ! ,apo/les & disciples ( ,*ri/2 _h pl\gh$ & s[n :]e !y 7 n[ to reap4 99,i h s5t y499 ,mald41 :o holds t ?is is n ! same j\rney ) t ref]r$ to 9 ,matt4 iv4 #ab1 ,m>k i4 #ad1 & t ! ,apo/les 7 already =mally call$ by ,*ri/1 und]/&s 8,i h s5t0 ( an action already complet$ by ,*ri/4 ,z1 h[ev]1 x is m probable t ! ,apo/les 7 n yet =mally call$ 7see ,matt4 iv4 #ab1 #ah2 x4 #a71 x is bett] to und]/& ?is1 ) ,a ,lap41 ( ! ,div9e decree to s5d ! ,apo/les on _! mission aft]w>ds4 #ci4 ,ex civitate autem illa #ci4 ,n[ ( t city _m ( multi cr$id]unt 9 eum ! ,sam>itans believ$ 9 ,sam>itanorum1 propt] v]bum him1 = ! ^w ( ! woman muli]is te/imonium giv+ te/imony3 ,he told me p]hib5tis3 ,quia dixit mihi all ?+s :atsoev] ,i h omnia quaecumque feci4 done4 #dj4 ,cum v5iss5t ergo ad #dj4 ,s :5 ! ,sam>itans illum ,sam>itani1 rogav]unt 7 come to him1 !y desir$ eum ut ibi man]et4 ,et mansit him t he w\ld t>ry !re4 ibi duos dies4 ,& he abode !re two days4 #da4 ,et multo plures #da4 ,& _m m believ$ 9 cr$id]unt 9 eum propt] him because ( 8 own ^w4 s]monem eius4 #cida4 ,_m believ$ 9 ,him on acc\nt ( :at ! woman told !m1 &1 aft] ,he _h rema9$ two days 9 ,si*>1 _m m on acc\nt ( ,8 disc\rses4 #db4 ,et muli]i dicebant3 ,quia #db4 ,& !y said to ! iam non propt] tuam loquelam woman3 we n[ believe1 n = cr$imus3 ipsi enim audivimus1 ?y say+3 = we ourselves et scimus1 quia hic e/ v]e h he>d him1 & "k t ,salvator mundi4 ?is is inde$ ! ,savi\r ( ! _w4 #db4 ,?is is ! ,hebrew way ( express+ t x 0 n s mu* on acc\nt ( ! woman's say+1 z because !y _h he>d ,him !mselves4 #dc4 ,po/ duos autem dies exiit #dc4 ,n[ aft] two days he inde3 et abiit 9 ,galilaeam4 dep>t$ !nce3 & w5t into ,galilee4 #dd4 ,ipse enim ,iesus #dd4 ,= ,jesus himself gave te/imonium p]hibuit1 quia te/imony t a prophet ha? propheta 9 sua patria honorem no hon\r 9 8 own c\ntry4 non habet4 #dcdd4 ,! connection betwe5 ^! two v]ses is obscure4 7#a7 ,v]se #dd gives ! reason :y ,he _h left ,galilee1 to :i* ,he n[ returns2 or 7#b7 ! reason :y ,he passes ,naz>e?1 & goes on to ,caph>naum 7,matt4 iv4 #ac71 ,tolet1 ,a ,lap41 ,corl42 or 7#c7 ! reason :y ,he proce$$ on ,8 way f ,judea1 ,8 bir?place1 into ,galilee1 ,mald41 ,patriz4 #de4 ,cum ergo v5isset 9 #de4 ,& :5 he 0 come into ,galilaeam1 excep]unt eum ,galilee1 ! ,galileans ,galilaei1 cum omnia vidiss5t receiv$ him1 hav+ se5 all quae fec]at ,i]osolymis 9 ! ?+s he _h done at die fe/o3 et ipsi enim ,j]usalem on ! fe/ival day3 v5]ant ad diem fe/um4 = !y also w5t to ! fe/ival day4 #de4 ,he is well receiv$ by ! ,galileans1 because ! remembrance ( ,8 ex]cise ( au?ority & ( ,8 miracles1 on ! occasion ( ! previ\s ,pas* 7ii4 #ae1 #bc71 is /ill fre% 9 _! memories4 #df4 ,v5it ergo it]um 9 ,cana #df4 ,he came aga9 !re=e ,galilaeae ubi fecit aquam into ,cana ( ,galilee1 :]e he v9um4 ,et erat quidam regulus1 made ! wat] w9e4 ,& !re cuius filius infirmabatur 0 a c]ta9 rul] ^: son ,caph>naum4 0 sick at ,caph>naum4 #dg4 ,hic cum audisset quia #dg4 ,he hav+ he>d t ,jesus ,iesus adv5iret a ,iudaea 9 0 come f ,judea into ,galilaeam1 abiit ad eum1 et ,galilee1 w5t to him1 & rogabat eum ut desc5d]et1 et pray$ him to come d[n & san>et filium eius3 heal 8 son3 = he 0 at incipiebat enim mori4 ! po9t ( dea?4 #df4 99,a c]ta9 rul] ^: son 0 sick at ,caph>naum991 on he>+ t ,jesus 0 9 ,cana1 came & ask$ ,him to come d[n & heal 8 son1 :o 0 on ! po9t ( dea?4 ,orig5 ?9ks ?is rul] may h belong$ to ! h\sehold ( ,cs>1 & be5 on duty 9 ,pale/9e at ?is "t4 ,b ,josephus uses ! ^w 77 to designate ! c\rti]s or (fic]s ( ! ,h]ods 7see ,b4 ,j4 vii4 #e1 #b2 ,antt4 xv4 #h1 #d72 s t ?is rul] ( ,caph>naum may h be5 an (fic] ( ,h]od ,antipas1 ! ,tetr>* ( ,galilee4 ,d\btless ! rul] _h he>d ( ! miracle at ! m>riage fea/ 9 ,cana 7ii4 #g1 #aa72 & p]haps he _h witness$ ! evid5ce ( ,*ri/'s miracul\s p[] at ! fea/ ( ! ,pas* 7ii4 #bc74 #dh4 ,dixit ergo ,iesus ad eum3 #dh4 ,jesus !re=e said to ,nisi signa et prodigia him3 ,unless y see signs & vid]itis1 non cr$itis4 wond]s1 y believe n4 #di4 ,dicit ad eum regulus3 #di4 ,! rul] sai? to him3 ,dom9e1 desc5de prius quam ,"l1 come d[n be=e t my moriatur filius meus4 son die4 #dh4 ,*ri/ upbraids ! rul] = 8 imp]fect fai?4 ,! rul] is blam$ ei!r because he 0 wait+ to see a miracle be=e he w\ld believe1 or because he fooli%ly consid]$ t x 0 necess>y = ,*ri/ to g d[n to ,caph>naum 9 ord] to heal 8 son4 #ej4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,vade1 #ej4 ,jesus sai? to him3 ,g ?y filius tuus vivit4 ,cr$idit way1 ?y son live?4 ,! man homo s]moni quem dixit ei believ$ ! ^w :i* ,jesus ,iesus1 et ibat4 said to him1 & w5t 8 way4 #ea4 ,iam autem eo desc5d5te1 #ea4 ,& z he 0 go+ d[n1 s]vi occurr]unt ei1 et 8 s]vants met him3 & !y nuntiav]unt dic5tes1 quia br\ght ^w1 say+ t 8 filius eius viv]et4 son liv$4 #ej4 ,jesus said to him1 99,g ?y way2 ?y son live?994 ,x is pla91 f all ! circum/ances1 t ?is miracle is q di/9ct f t record$ 9 ,matt4 viii4 #e & foll42 ,luke vii4 #b & foll41 ?\gh "s ( ! ,rationali/s h s\ght to id5tify ! two4 ,!re x is ! c5turion's s]vant1 "h ! rul]'s son1 :o is ill2 !re ! illness is p>alysis1 "h fev]2 !re1 ?\gh ask$ n to g1 ,*ri/ goes to ! sick p]son2 "h1 ?\gh ask$ to g1 he goes n4 #eb4 ,int]rogabat ergo horam ab #eb4 ,he ask$ !re=e ( !m eis 9 qua melius habu]it4 ,et ! h\r1 :]e9 he grew dix]unt ei3 ,quia h]i hora bett]4 ,& !y said to him3 septima reliquit eum febris4 ,ye/]day at ! sev5? h\r ! fev] left him4 #eb4 99,! sev5? h\r299 i4e41 ab\t an h\r aft] noon1 #a p4m41 or #g p4m4 ,see i4 #ci4 #ec4 ,cognovit ergo pat]1 quia #ec4 ,! fa!r !re=e knew illa hora erat1 9 qua dixit t x 0 at ! same h\r1 ei ,iesus3 ,filius tuus vivit3 t ,jesus said to him1 ,?y et cr$idit ipse1 et domus son live?2 & himself eius tota4 believ$ & 8 :ole h\se4 #ed4 ,hoc it]um secundum signum #ed4 ,?is is aga9 ! second fecit ,iesus1 cum v5isset a miracle t ,jesus did1 :5 ,iudaea 9 ,galilaeam4 he 0 come out ( ,judea into ,galilee4 #ed4 ,x is n said t ?is 0 ! second miracle ,he p]=m$1 b t x 0 ! second ,he p]=m$ on com+ out ( ,judea into ,galilee4 ,= ! fir/1 see ii4 #f1 #aa1 & comp>e i4 #dc4 ,,*apt] ,v4 #ai4 99,jesus goes up to ,j]usalem on ! occasion ( a fe/ival1 & !re cures a man on ! ,sabba? day499 #ajaf4 99,! ,jews fir/ *all5ge him :o 0 heal$1 & !n p]secute ,*ri/ = violat+ ! ,sabba?499 #ag4 99,*ri/'s answ] & def5ce499 #ah4 99,!y are /ill m exasp]at$1 & seek to kill ,him499 #aici4 99,*ri/'s disc\rse1 9 :i* ,he proves1 by v>i\s argum5ts1 t ,he is ju/ifi$ 9 call+ ,god ,,8 ,fa!r1 & 9 mak+ ,himself equal to ,god499 #djdg4 99,he upbraids _! incr$ulity1 & po9ts out its cause499 #a4 ,po/ haec erat dies fe/us #a4 ,aft] ^! ?+s 0 a ,iudaeorum1 et asc5dit ,iesus fe/ival day ( ! ,jews1 & ,i]osolymam4 ,jesus w5t up to ,j]usalem4 #a4 ,! int]val to be admitt$ betwe5 ! ev5ts n[ ab\t to be n>rat$ & ! prec$+1 dep5ds ^u ! answ] to be giv5 to ! "q3 :at fe/ival is "h ref]r$ to8 ,on ?is "q a great div]sity ( op9ion has always exi/$ among comm5tators4 ,! m common op9ion is t x is ! fe/ival ( ! ,pas*2 o!rs1 h[ev]1 hold t x is ! fe/ival ( ,p5teco/1 or ( ,tab]nacles1 or ( ! ,purification ( ! ,temple1 or ( ,lots4 ,! ,pas* 0 celebrat$ f ! ev5+ ( ! #ad? till t ( ! #ba/ ( ,nisan1 ! fir/ mon? ( ! ,jewi% sacr$ ye>4 ,p5teco/ 0 ! fiftie? day f ! second day ( ! ,pas*4 ,! fea/ ( ,tab]nacles 0 celebrat$ f ! ev5+ ( ! #ad? till t ( ! #bbnd ( ,tisri1 ! sev5? mon? ( ! sacr$ ye>4 ,! fea/ ( ,purification la/$ eight days1 beg9n+ ) ! #be? ,casleu1 ! n9? mon? ( ! sacr$ ye>4 ,! fea/ ( ,lots la/$ two days1 ! #ad? & #ae? ( ,ad>1 ! twelf? mon? ( ! sacr$ ye>4 ,! ?ree fea/s ( ,pas*1 ,p5teco/1 & ,tab]nacles 7 ! great ,jewi% fea/s1 on :i*1 & on :i* alone1 all adult males 7 b\nd to g up to ,j]usalem to wor%ip4 ,see ,exod4 xxiii4 #adag2 xxxiv4 #ah1 #bb1 #bc4 ,_m h held t ! approa* ( ! fea/ is m5tion$ 7v]se #a71 z giv+ ! reason :y ,*ri/ w5t up1 l ! o!r adult ,jewi% m51 to ,j]usalem 7ii4 #ac74 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 hold t ! text m]ely /ates a fact1 t ,*ri/ w5t up on ! occasion ( a fe/ival1 )\t imply+ at all t ! fe/ival 0 su* z ought to be celebrat$ at ,j]usalem4 ,x is difficult1 if n impossible1 to def9itely decide :i* fea/ is meant2 b x seems to u extremely probable t x is ei!r ,pas* or ,lots4 ,9 fav\r ( ! ,pas* x is argu$--7#a7 77 ev5 )\t ! article7#de7 may designate ! ,pas* 7,matt4 xxvii4 #ae2 ,m>k xv4 #f72 & x is to be believ$ t x does 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 because t5 v]ses be=e 7iv4 #de7 ! same ^w is us$ to designate ! ,pas* 7comp>e ,john ii4 #ac1 #bc74 7#b7 ,f iv4 #ce we le>n t ,jesus 0 on ,8 way1 ?r\gh ,sam>ia1 to ,galilee1 9 ,decemb]2 t is1 ab\t ! close ( ! fir/ ye> ( ,8 public life4 ,h5ce x _c be to any ( ! ?ree great fea/s ( t fir/ ye> t our text ref]s4 ,naturally1 !n1 x is to ! ,pas* ( ! second ye>1 :i* 0 ! fir/ great fea/ to occur 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye>1 & = :i*1 if ,*ri/ _h n gone to ,j]usalem1 ,/4 ,john w\ld probably h expla9$ ,8 abs5ce1 z ,he does 7vii4 #a7 9 ref]5ce to ! ,pas* m5tion$ vi4 #d4 7#c7 ,7 x any o!r fea/ ?an t ( ! ,pas*1 :i* 0 by excell5ce ! fea/ ( ! ,jews1 ,/4 ,john1 accord+ to 8 cu/om 7vii4 #b2 x4 #bb71 w\ld h nam$ x4 7#d7 ,?is is ! op9ion ( ,/4 ,ir5u1 :o 0 a disciple ( ,polyc>p1 himself a disciple ( our ,evangeli/4 ,9 fav\r ( ! fea/ ( ,lots--7#a7 ,! abs5ce ( ! article 9 ! m probable read+ po9ts to "o ( ! m9or fea/s ( ! ,jews4 7#b7 ,f ,john iv4 #ce1 & vi4 #d1 x w\ld seem to be cle> t ?is fea/ fell betwe5 ,decemb] & ! ,pas*2 b only ! fea/ ( ,lots occurr$ at t "t4 7#c7 ,if ?is be ! second ,pas* ( our ,"l's public life1 & t 9 vi4 #d ! ?ird1 !n ! ev5ts ( a :ole ye> are pass$ ov] by our ,evangeli/1 :o proce$s1 9 vi4 #a3 8,aft] ^! ?+s ,jesus w5t10 c41 af=d+ no h9t t he has pass$ ov] ! ev5ts ( a ye>4 7#d74 ,7 ?is ! ,pas*1 ,/4 ,john w\ld h nam$ x1 z he does on ! o!r ?ree occasions 7ii4 #ac2 vi4 #d2 xi4 #ee74 ,b z x 0 only a m9or fea/ ( ! ,jews1 & probably unhe>d( by ! ,*ri/ians ( ,asia ,m9or1 ! ,evangeli/ ?9ks x unnecess>y to "n x1 & cont5ts himself ) ref]r+ to x z 99a fea/ ( ! ,jews994 ,x is p]haps impossible1 z we h said already1 to decide ) c]ta9ty :i* fea/ is meant1 b we %all foll[ ! m common op9ion & hold t !re is "q ( ! ,pas*4 ,?us1 we hold t ,/4 ,john m5tions f\r ,pas*s z hav+ occurr$ dur+ our ,"l's public life3 ! fir/ 9 ii4 #ac2 ! second "h2 ! ?ird 9 vi4 #d2 & ! f\r? & la/ 9 xii4 #a & xiii4 #a1 :5 our ,"l 0 put to dea?4 ,he passes ov] ! ev5ts t occurr$ betwe5 ! second & ?ird ,pas*1 because !y 7 already n>rat$ by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s4 #b4 ,e/ autem ,i]osolymis #b4 ,n[ !re is at ,j]usalem a probatica pisc9a1 quae pond1 call$ ,probatica1 cognom9atur hebraice :i* 9 ,hebrew is nam$ ,be?saida1 qu9que porticus ,be?saida1 hav+ five hab5s4 por*es4 #b4 ,! be/ support$ ,greek read+ w\ld be r5d]$1 8,n[ !re is 9 ,j]usalem by ! %eepgate 7 be+ und]/ood7 a pond :i* is call$ 9 ,hebrew ,be!sda10 c4 ,be!sda1 9 ,syro,*aldaic1 :i* 0 ! language ( ,pale/9e at ?is "t1 means ! h\se 7place7 ( m]cy2 & ! "n 0 giv5 9 ! pres5t in/ance on acc\nt ( ! m]ciful cures wr\ght !re4 ,= ! build+ ( ?is %eepgate by ! prie/s1 see #b ,esd4 iii4 #a4 ,! site ( ei!r gate or pond _c be det]m9$ ) c]ta9ty2 b ! pond seems to h be5 close to ! ,temple1 ne> ! gate ?r\gh :i* ! %eep to be sacrific$ ent]$ )9 ! out] enclosure ( ! temple4 ,! 99por*es991 :i* s]v$ to %elt] ! sick f sun & ra91 7 op5 on ! sides1 b cov]$ ) a ro( support$ on pill>s4 ,! ,vulgate read+1 99a %eeppond991 has be5 v>i\sly expla9$4 ,"s say ! pond might be s call$ because ! %eep 7 wa%$ !re be=e !y 7 sacrific$2 o!rs1 because _! entrails 7 br\ght !re to be wa%$4 99,be?saida991 read by ! ,vulgate1 means ! h\se 7place7 = fi%+4 #c4 ,9 8 iacebat multitudo #c4 ,9 ^! lay a great magna langu5tium1 caecorum1 multitude ( sick1 ( bl9d1 claudorum1 aridorum1 ( lame1 ( )]$1 wait+ expectantium aquae motum4 = ! mov+ ( ! wat]4 #d4 ,angelus autem ,dom9i #d4 ,& an ,angel ( ! ,"l desc5debat secundum tempus 9 desc5d$ at c]ta9 times pisc9am3 et movebatur aqua4 into ! pond2 & ! wat] ,et qui prior desc5disset 9 0 mov$4 ,& he t w5t pisc9am po/ motionem aquae1 d[n fir/ into ! pond aft] sanus fiebat a quacumque ! motion ( ! wat]1 0 det9ebatur infirmitate4 made :ole ( :atsoev] infirmity he lay "u4 #c1 #d4 ,! g5u95ess ( ! passage1 beg9n+ ) 99wait+ = ! mov+ ( ! wat]991 & compris+ ! :ole ( v]se #d1 is disput$4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 inde$1 def9$ 8libros s+ulos cum omnibus suis p>tibus 444 pr\t 9 vulgata ,lat9a ,editione hab5tur 444 pro sacris et canonicis esse suscipi5dos30 b x is n !reby def9$ t e tittle 7p>ticula7 or e v]se1 is canonical ,scripture4 ,x w\ld seem1 !re=e1 t ,ca?olics are free to reject ?is passage1 & x is a "q = criticism to decide :e!r we are to receive or reject x4 ,aft] an exam9ation ( ! evid5ce = & aga9/1 we believe t ! passage is m probably g5u9e4 ,x /&s 9 codex ,a 7,alex&r9us71 & 9 at lea/ t5 o!r uncial & v _m cursive ,,mss4 ,x is read 9 ! 8,vetus ,itala0 & 9 ! ,vulgate2 9 ! pla9 & figur$ ,syriac v]sions1 & 9 ! ,p]sian1 ,coptic1 & ,arabian v]sions4 ,x is read by ,cyril ( ,alex&ria1 ,*rys41 ,!ophy41 ,eu?y41 ,t]tull41 ,ambr41 & ,augu/4 ,f9ally1 ! context1 especially ! reply ( ! sick man 7v]se #g71 supposes x4 ,:y x came to be want+ 9 s _m ,,mss4 x is difficult to expla947#df7 ,t ! wond]ful efficacy "h attribut$ to ! wat] ( ?is pond 0 miracul\s1 & n m]ely1 z ! ,rationali/s w\ld h u believe1 ! effect ( salubri\s natural prop]ties 9 ! wat]1 seems cle>4 ,=--7#a7 !re is ! int]v5tion ( an angel :i* di/urb$ 77 ! wat]2 7#b7 only ! fir/ p]son ent]+ ! pond 0 cur$2 7#c7 he 0 cur$ n gradually1 b at once1 & completely3 8he 0 imm$iately made :ole20 7#d7 he 0 cur$ no matt] :at 8 disease4 ,:5 ! ,rationali/s f9d = u an int]mitt5t spr+ ^: wat]s possess ! prop]ties "h attribut$ to ,be!sda1 we %all be prep>$ to li/5 to !m4 ,! wat]s ( ,be!sda1 9 _! wond]ful efficacy to cure e disease1 7 a /rik+ ?\gh imp]fect type ( ! wat]s ( ,p5ance1 :i* heal e spiritual malady ( ev]yone1 be he fir/ or la/ :o ba!s 9 !m4 #e4 ,erat autem quidam homo ibi #e4 ,& !re 0 a c]ta9 man trig9ta et octo annos hab5s !re1 t _h be5 eight & 9 infirmitate sua4 ?irty ye>s "u 8 infirmity4 #f4 ,hunc cum vidisset ,iesus #f4 ,him :5 ,jesus _h se5 iac5tem1 et cognovisset quia ly+1 & knew t he _h iam multum tempus hab]et1 be5 n[ a long "t1 he sai? dicit ei3 ,vis sanus fi]i8 to him3 ,wilt ?\ be made :ole8 #g4 ,respondit ei languidus3 #g4 ,! infirm man answ]$ ,dom9i1 hom9em non habeo1 ut1 him3 ,sir1 ,i h no man1 :5 cum turbata fu]it aqua1 ! wat] is tr\bl$1 to put mittat me 9 pisc9am3 dum me into ! pond4 ,= :il/ ,i v5io enim ego1 alius ante me am com+1 ano!r goe? d[n desc5dit4 be=e me4 #h4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,surge1 #h4 ,jesus sai? to him3 ,arise1 tolle grabatum tuum1 et take up ?y b$1 & walk4 ambula4 #i4 ,et /atim sanus factus e/ #i4 ,& imm$iately ! man 0 homo ille3 et su/ulit made :ole3 & he took up 8 grabatum suum1 et ambulabat4 b$ & walk$4 ,& x 0 ! ,erat autem sabbatum 9 die sabba? t day4 illo4 #ei4 ,*ri/ speaks ) & heals a man :o _h be5 ?irtyeight ye>s ill 7( p>alysis or "s simil> disease1 z w\ld appe> f v]ses #gh72 &1 to %[ h[ complete ! cure 01 p]haps also to give an occasion = ! disc\rse :i* foll[s1 ,he ord]s ! man :o has be5 cur$ to take up 8 b$ & walk4 ,x w\ld be a r sev]e trial ( recov]$ /r5g? to h to c>ry "s ( ! b$s ( mod]n times2 b t on :i* ! poor p>alytic _h be5 re/+ 0 n cumbr\s4 ,x 0 probably only a c>pet or mattress1 or at mo/ !re 0 b a v light framework4 ,9 ,acts v4 #ae1 we f9d ! t]m us$ 9 our text di/+ui%$ f 1 :i* 0 r ! b$ ( ! ri*1 m exp5sive & cumbr\s4 #aj4 ,dicebant ergo ,iudaei illi #aj4 ,! ,jews !re=e said to qui sanatus fu]at3 ,sabbatum him t 0 heal$3 ,x is ! e/1 non licet tibi toll]e sabba?1 x is n lawful = grabatum tuum4 !e to take up ?y b$4 #aj4 99,x is n lawful499 ,see ,exod4 xx4 #h2 ,j]4 xvii4 #ba1 #bb4 #aa4 ,respondit eis3 ,qui me #aa4 ,he answ]$ !m3 ,he t sanum fecit1 ille mihi dixit3 made me :ole1 he said to me3 ,tolle grabatum tuum1 et ,take up my b$1 & walk4 ambula4 #aa4 ,! man appeals to ! au?ority ( ,him :o _h cur$ him1 :o surely mu/ be f ,god1 & able to disp5se 9 ! ,sabba? law4 #ab4 ,int]rogav]unt ergo eum3 #ab4 ,!y ask$ him1 !re=e3 ,quis e/ ille homo qui dixit ,:o is t man :o said to tibi1 ,tolle grabatum tuum1 et !e3 ,take up ?y b$ & ambula8 walk8 #ac4 ,is autem qui sanus fu]at #ac4 ,b he :o 0 heal$1 effectus1 nesciebat quis knew n :o x 04 ,= ,jesus esset4 ,iesus enim decl9avit a w5t aside f ! multitude turba con/ituta 9 loco4 /&+ 9 ! place4 #ac4 ,*ri/ _h gone aside to escape ! envy ( ! evilm9d$ z well z ! admiration ( ! welldispos$4 ,see vi4 #ae4 ,a m correct r5d]+ ( ! ,greek w\ld be3 99,= ,jesus _h gone aside1 !re be+ a cr[d 9 ! place499 #ad4 ,po/ea inv5it eum ,iesus #ad4 ,aft]w>ds ,jesus f9de? 9 templo1 et dixit illi3 ,ecce him 9 ! temple1 & sai? sanus factus es3 iam noli to him3 ,behold ?\ art made pecc>e1 ne det]ius tibi :ole3 s9 no m1 le/ "s aliquid cont+at4 worse ?+ happ5 to !e4 #ae4 ,abiit ille homo1 et #ae4 ,& ! man w5t 8 way1 nuntiavit ,iudaeis quia ,iesus & told ! ,jews t x 0 esset1 quia fecit eum sanum4 ,jesus :o _h made him :ole4 #ad4 ,*ri/'s words1 99,s9 no m991 ins9uate t ! man's previ\s illness _h be5 ! result ( s92 & he is w>n$ t if he provoke ,god fur!r1 some?+ worse may happ5 to him2 worse1 p]haps1 ev5 on ?is side1 & inf9itely worse beyond1 ! grave4 8,"s say1 inde$10 says ,/4 ,*rys41 8because we h corrupt$ ourselves = a %ort "t1 %all we be torm5t$ et]nally8 ,b see h[ long ?is man 0 torm5t$ = 8 s9s4 ,s9 is n to be measur$ by l5g? ( "t1 b by ! nature ( s9 itself40 #af4 ,propt]ea p]sequebantur #af4 ,!re=e did ! ,jews ,iudaei ,iesum1 quia haec p]secute ,jesus1 because he faciebat 9 sabbato4 did ^! ?+s on ! sabba?4 #af4 ,!re=e ! ,jews1 especially ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees1 p]secut$1 or r1 p]haps1 accus$7#dg7 ,jesus = heal+ a man on ! ,sabba? 7comp4 vii4 #bc2 ,luke vi4 #g71 & = au?oriz+ him :o 0 heal$ to violate ! ,sabba?4 #ag4 ,iesus autem respondit eis3 #ag4 ,b ,jesus answ]$ !m3 ,pat] meus usque modo ,my ,fa!r worke? until n[2 op]atur1 et ego op]or4 & ,i "w4 #ag4 ,*ri/'s reply is1 t z ,8 7n our1 = ,he 0 ! natural ,son ( ,god1 we are only adopt$ sons7 ,fa!r worke? cont9ually1 & !re=e ev5 on ! ,sabba?1 cons]v+ & gov]n+ all ?+s2 s1 too1 ,he ,himself1 ,he be+ consub/antial ) ! ,fa!r4 ,?us ,he tells !m t equally ) ! ,fa!r ,he is exempt f ! law ( ! ,sabba?4 #ah4 ,propt]ea ergo magis #ah4 ,h]eupon !re=e ! qua]ebant eum ,iudaei ,jews s\ght ! m to kill int]fic]e1 quia non solum him1 because he did n only solvebat sabbatum1 s$ et break ! sabba?1 b also patrem suum dicebat ,deum1 said ,god 0 8 ,fa!r1 aequalem se faci5s ,deo4 mak+ himself equal to ,god4 ,respondit itaque ,iesus1 et dixit eis3 #ah4 ,!y und]/& ,him1 s f> at lea/ z to see t ,he makes ,himself equal to ,god2 & z !y n[ consid] ,him to be n m]ely a ,sabba? break]1 b also a blasphem]1 !y become m exasp]at$1 & seek to kill ,him4 ,see ,deut4 xiii4 #e4 #ai4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 non #ai4 ,!n ,jesus answ]$ & pote/ ,filius a se fac]e said to !m3 ,am51 am51 ,i quidquam1 nisi quod vid]it say unto y3 ! ,son _c ,patrem faci5tem3 quaecumque d any?+ ( himself1 b enim ille fec]it1 haec et :at he see? ! ,fa!r ,filius similt] facit4 do+3 = :at ?+s soev] he do?1 ^! ! ,son also do? 9 l mann]4 #ai4 ,! rema9d] ( ! *apt] is tak5 up ) ,*ri/'s disc\rse1 9 :i* ,he ass]ts ,8 ,div9ity1 & proves x by v>i\s argum5ts4 7#a7 ,by ,8 own te/imony 7#aicj71 :i* ! ,jews might be excus$ = reject+1 7 x alone & unsupport$ 7#ca72 7#b7 by ! te/imony ( ! ,bapti/ 7#cbce72 7#c7 by ! te/imony ( ,8 miracles 7#cf72 7#d7 by ! te/imony ( ,8 ,fa!r :i* is conta9$ 9 ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures 7#cgci74 ,! ,jews _h und]/ood ,him to make ,himself equal to ,god1 & ,he goes on n to )draw1 b to reit]ate & exp& :at ,he _h said4 ,he decl>es ,8 op]ation z ,god to be id5tical ) t ( ! ,fa!r2 9 a ^w1 ,8 works to be ! works ( ,god4 ,he _h receiv$1 9 ,8 et]nal g5]ation1 ,8 ,div9e nature & op]ation id5tical ) ! ,fa!r's1 & z ,god ,he does no?+ except :at ! ,fa!r does1 & ! ,fa!r does no?+ except :at ,he does4 ,?is inability to "w ( ,himself1 t is to say1 alone1 )\t ! ,fa!r 7a seipso71 proce$s n f any defect ( p[]1 b f ,8 insep>able union ) ! ,fa!r 9 nature & op]ation4 ,! ,son's 8see+10 & ! ,fa!r's 8%[+0 7v4 #bj71 are bo? metaphorical expressions1 & signify t ! ,son d]ives ,8 div9e nature & op]ation f ! ,fa!r47#dh7 ,! ,arians appeal$ to ?is v]se to prove ! inf]iority ( ! ,son to ! ,fa!r1 because1 !y said1 ,*ri/ "h decl>es ,himself m]ely an imitator ( ! works ( ! ,fa!r1 j z a pupil or appr5tice imitates 8 ma/]4 ,b ,*ri/'s words1 8,i & ! ,fa!r are "o0 7x4 #cj71 %[ t !re c be no "q "h ( inf]iority2 &1 moreov]1 s9ce all ?+s 7 made by ! ,son 7i4 #c71 x 0 impossible = ,him to copy f any?+ made be=eh&4 99,b :at he see?99 77 99! ,fa!r do+994 8,b :at10 t is1 n by ,himself1 b toge!r ) ! ,fa!r1 8nisi0 ( ! ,vulgate be+ "h equal to 8s$40 ,see ,matt4 xii4 #d2 ,gal4 ii4 #af4 99,= :at ?+s soev] ,he do?1 ^! ! ,son also do? 9 l mann]499 ,/4 ,?omas on ?is v]se says3--8,excludit 9 8 tria circa pote/atem suam3 scilicet p>ticul>itatem 7quaecumque71 div]sitatem 7haec71 et imp]fectionem 7similit]740 ,& ,/4 ,augu/9e on ?is v]se says beautifully3 8,he does n say :atsoev] ! ,fa!r doe?1 ! ,son does o!r ?+s l !m1 b ! v same ?+s4 ,! ,fa!r made ! _w1 ! ,son made ! _w1 ! ,holy ,gho/ made ! _w4 ,if ! ,fa!r1 ,son & ,holy ,gho/1 are "o1 x foll[s t "o & ! same _w 0 made by ! ,fa!r1 ?r\gh ! ,son1 9 ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,?us x is ! v same ?+ t ! ,son do?4 ,he adds likewise1 to prev5t ano!r error aris+4 ,= ! body seems to d ! same ?+s ) ! m9d1 b x does n d !m 9 a l way1 inasmu* z ! body is subject1 ! s\l gov]n+2 ! body visible1 ! s\l invisible4 ,:5 a slave does a ?+ at ! comm& ( 8 ma/]1 ! same ?+ is done by bo?2 b is x 9 a l way8 ,n[ 9 ! ,fa!r & ,son !re is n ?is diff]5ce2 !y d ! same ?+s1 & 9 a l way4 ,fa!r & ,son act ) ! same p[]2 s t ! ,son is equal to ! ,fa!r40 ,s9ce !n ! works ( ! ,son z ,god are ! works ( ! ,fa!r1 if !y blam$ ! ,son = violat+ ! ,sabba?1 !y !reby blam$ ! ,fa!r also4 ,& x is ( ! ,son z ,god !re is "q "h2 = z man1 or z ,godman ,he c\ld d _m ?+s 8( ,himself10 su* z eat+1 walk+ on ! wat]s1 c41 :i*1 ( c\rse1 ! ,fa!r nev] did2 &1 moreov]1 x w\ld n be true to say t ! ,son z man does all t ! ,fa!r does4 #bj4 ,pat] enim diligit ,filium1 #bj4 ,= ! ,fa!r love? ! et omnia demon/rat ei quae ,son1 & %[e? him all ipse facit3 et maiora 8 ?+s :i* himself do?3 & demon/rabit ei op]a1 ut vos great] works ?an ^! w mirem9i4 he %[ him1 t y may wond]4 #bj4 ,"h is giv5 ! reason = ! ,son's id5tity ( op]ation ) ! ,fa!r4 99,= ! ,fa!r love? ! ,son991 & f all et]nity communicate? to ,him ! "o ,div9e p[] & op]ation1 :]eby ,he ,himself do? all ?+s2 & t ,div9e p[] %all yet be manife/$ by ! ,son 9 great] works ?an ! heal+ ( ! p>alytic1 t y may wond]4 ,we are n to conclude f ?is v]se t ! love ( ! ,fa!r is ! cause ( ! communication ( ! ,div9e nature to ! ,son1 z if ! ,son proce$$ f ! ,fa!r ?r\gh love1 & !re=e ?r\gh ! ,w4 ,! common tea*+ ( !ologians is t ! ,son proce$s n ?r\gh ! ,div9e w1 b ?r\gh ! ,div9e intellect4 ,see ,p]r4 ,de4 ,tr941 #dja4 ,h5ce ! mean+ is n1 t ! ,fa!r loves ! ,son1 & !re=e communicates ,8 ,div9e nature to ,him4 ,toletus1 h[ev]1 ?9ks t ?is =m ( expression is purposely us$ "h by ,*ri/ to %[ m5 t ! ,fa!r %>es ,8 nature & p[] ) ! ,son1 s9ce among m51 ^? :o love %>e _! goods ) ea* o!r47#di7 ,z already indicat$1 ! future1 8w %[10 is us$ 9 ?is v]se 9 ref]5ce to ! manife/ation 9 "t ( t p[] :i* 0 giv5 f et]nity4 99,t y may wond]499 ,"s take 8t0 77 "h z introduc+ a consequ5ce2 o!rs1 & rightly1 9 its usual s5se z introduc+ a purpose4 ,! purpose ( ,god 0 t !y might wond] & believe4 #ba4 ,sicut enim ,pat] suscitat #ba4 ,= z ! ,fa!r raise? mortuos1 et vivificat3 sic et up ! dead1 & give? life3 ,filius1 quos vult1 vivificat4 s ! ,son also give? life to :om he w4 #ba4 ,! connection "h %[s t ! rais+ ( ! dead is "o ( ! 8great] works0 j ref]r$ to1 z is also ! judgm5t by ,*ri/ m5tion$ 9 ! next v]se4 ,b :o are ! dead1 & :at is ! resurrection ( :i* !re is "q8 7a7 ,^? :o 7 corporally dead l ,laz>us1 & 7 rais$ by ,*ri/1 to ! wond] ( ! ,jews47#ej7 ,=--7#a7 ,?is view suits ! context4 ,*ri/ _h cur$ a p>alytic2 ,he n[ promises great] miracles2 hi!rto he _h only heal$ bodies t 7 sick2 n[ ,he w\ld raise to life bodies t 7 dead4 7#b7 ,9 v]se #bh !re is c]ta9ly "q ( a corporal resurrection2 !re=e also "h4 7#c7 ,?is rais+ ( ! dead 0 to excite ! wond] ( ! ,jews2 !re=e !re mu/ be "q ( ! rais+ ( ! body1 s9ce a spiritual resurrection c\ld n be kn[n1 & h5ce c\ld n be a matt] ( wond]4 7b7 ,^? spiritually dead1 :o 7 to be rais$ ?r\gh ! prea*+ ( ,*ri/ & ,8 ,apo/les f ! dea? ( s9 to ! life ( grace4 ,=--7#a7 ,x is m probable t !re is "q ( spiritual dea? & resurrection 9 v]se #bd2 !re=e also 9 v]se #ba4 7#b7 ,! words 8,& n[ is0 ( v]se #be po9t to a resurrection !n pres5t1 !re=e to a spiritual4 7#c7 ,?is view suits ! context4 ,! spiritual resurrection br\ght ab\t by ,*ri/1 ?\gh 9 itself invisible1 produc$ 9 ! _w effects m wond]ful ?an ! cur+ ( ! p>alytic1 & x is z a pro( t ,*ri/ c raise ^? spiritually dead1 t ,he ref]s 9 v]se #bh to ! fact t ,he w raise ^? corporally dead4 ,we pref] ! latt] view2 b :i*ev] view we may hold1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d t ! s5se is n t ! ,fa!r raises "s1 & ! ,son o!rs1 f ! dead4 ,z ,god1 ,*ri/'s w is id5tical ) ! ,fa!r's1 & :at "o does ! o!r does4 ,*ri/ !n is "h said to raise 8:om ,he w0 9 ord] to %[ u ,8 absolute equality ) ! ,fa!r4 #bb4 ,neque enim ,pat] iudicat #bb4 ,= nei!r do? ! quemquam3 s$ omne iudicium ,fa!r judge any man3 b ha? d$it ,filio4 giv5 all judgm5t to ! ,son4 #bb4 ,ano!r great] "w ?an ! cur+ ( ! p>alytic is ! judg+ ( m54 ,"s ?9k x is ! judgm5t ( discussion1 ! trial :i* awaits all 7,heb4 ix4 #bg71 t is ref]r$ to2 o!rs t 7z 9 v]ses #bd1 #bi1 & iii4 #ai7 x is ! judgm5t ( condemnation pass$ ^u ! reprobate1 ! ,greek ^w :i* is us$ be+ g5]ally 7if n always7 us$ by ,/4 ,john ( ! judgm5t ( condemnation4 ,:5 x is said "h t 99nei!r do? ! ,fa!r judge any man991 ! mean+ is t al?\gh ! ,fa!r & ! ,holy ,gho/ pass ! same id5tical judgm5t z ! ,son1 yet !y d n d ?is visibly1 s z to be se5 & he>d l ! ,godman ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly true 9 reg>d to ! judgm5t ( ! wick$2 ,*ri/ alone1 9 ,8 humanity1 appe>s to !m2 = z ,/4 ,augu/9e says3 8,si mali ,deum 9 propria natura vid]5t jam ess5t beati40 ,! ,fa!r gave all p[] to judge to ,*ri/ z ,god 9 ! et]nal g5]ation1 to ,*ri/ z man at ! inc>nation2 & x is z ,god & man t ,*ri/ judges3 z ,god au?oritatively1 & z man visibly47#ea7 #bc4 ,ut omnes honorific5t #bc4 ,t all m5 may hon\r ,filium1 sicut honorificant ! ,son1 z !y hon\r ! ,patrem2 qui non honorificat ,fa!r4 ,he :o hon\re? n ,filium1 non honorificat ,patrem ! ,son1 hon\re? n ! qui misit illum4 ,fa!r :o ha? s5t him4 #bc4 ,"h is decl>$ ! end t ,god _h 9 view 9 conf]r+ ! supreme judici>y p[] ^u ! ,son1 namely1 t m5 might hon\r ,him equally ) ! ,fa!r4 ,he t hon\re? n ! ,son1 hon\re? n ! ,fa!r :o s5t ,him 9 ! ,inc>nation equal 9 all ?+s to ,himself4 ,9 di%on\r+ ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,jews 7 di%on\r+ t ,div9e nature & maje/y :i* is "o ) ! ,fa!r's1 & !y 71 moreov]1 spurn+ ! te/imony :i* ! ,fa!r _h already giv5 to ! ,div9ity ( ,8 ,son1 z well aft] ,*ri/'s baptism 7,matt4 iii4 #ag71 z 9 ! miracles :i* ,he _h giv5 ,*ri/ to p]=m 7v]se #cf74 #bd4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis1 #bd4 ,am51 am51 ,i say unto quia qui v]bum meum audit1 et y1 t he :o he>e? my cr$it ei qui misit me1 habet ^w1 & believe? him t vitam aet]nam1 et 9 iudicium s5t me1 ha? life non v5it1 s$ transiit a ev]la/+2 & come? n morte 9 vitam4 into judgm5t b is pass$ f dea? to life4 #bd4 ,we believe ! connection ) ! prec$+ to be ?is4 ,9 speak+ ( ! end ,god _h 9 view 9 conf]r+ ! supreme judici>y p[] ^u ! ,godman1 our ,"l _h not$ p>5!tically ! effect ( n hon\r+ ! ,son 7v]se #bc72 "h ,he adds :at ! effect ( hon\r+ ,him is4 99,am51 am5499 ,! repeat$ assev]ation indicates ! solemn importance ( ! decl>ation ab\t to be made1 namely1 t he :o accepts ! tea*+ ( ,*ri/1 & !reby ! te/imony ( ! ,fa!r te/ify+ to ,*ri/ z ,8 ,son1 has et]nal life4 ,we take 8dea?0 & 8life0 ( ?is v]se ( ! dea? ( s9 & ! life ( grace1 & und]/& 8has pass$0 9 ref]5ce to ! ju/ification ( ! s9n]4 ,see #a ,john iii4 #ad1 & :at we h said on i4 #ac4 #be4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis1 #be4 ,am51 am51 ,i say unto quia v5it hora1 et nunc e/1 y1 t ! h\r come? & qu&o mortui audi5t vocem n[ is1 :5 ! dead %all ,filii ,dei3 et qui audi]9t1 he> ! voice ( ! ,son ( viv5t4 ,god1 & !y t he> %all live4 #be4 ,hav+ /at$ p>5!tically ! effect ( di%on\r+ & hon\r+ ,himself1 ,*ri/ returns to ! pro( ( ,8 div9e p[]4 ,!re is ! same diff]5ce ( op9ion "h reg>d+ ! life & dea? meant1 z 9 v]se #ba4 ,! words1 99,& n[ is991 fav\r ! view t !re is "q ( a spiritual resurrection t _h already begun4 99,& !y t he>1 %all live499 ,^! words1 too1 sugge/ t !re is "q ( a spiritual resurrection1 a resurrection 9 :i* all ^? t he> & believe are to %>e4 #bf4 ,sicut enim ,pat] habet #bf4 ,= z ! ,fa!r ha? vitam 9 semetipso3 sic d$it life 9 himself2 s he ha? et ,filio hab]e vitam 9 giv5 to ! ,son also to h semetipso3 life 9 himself3 #bf4 ,= ! ,son is ess5tial ,life l ! ,fa!r1 & be+ 9 ,himself ! s\rce ( life c !re=e imp>t x to o!rs4 #bg4 ,et pote/atem d$it ei #bg4 ,& he ha? giv5 him iudicium fac]e1 quia ,filius p[] to d judgm5t1 because hom9is e/4 he is ! son ( man4 #bg4 ,! mean+ is1 t z x 0 orda9$ f all et]nity1 t ! ,second ,p]son ( ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity %\ld become man1 s x 0 orda9$ t ,he1 z ,godman %\ld judge all m5 )\t exception 9 ! g5]al judgm5t1 & all :o die aft] ! inc>nation1 9 ! p>ticul> judgm5t4 #bh4 ,nolite mir>i hoc1 quia #bh4 ,wond] n at ?is1 = v5it hora 9 qua omnes qui 9 ! h\r come? :]e9 all monum5tis sunt1 audi5t vocem t are 9 ! graves %all ,filii ,dei3 he> ! voice ( ! ,son ( ,god4 #bh4 99,?is99 at :i* !y are n to wond]1 is ,8 p[] ( rais+ ! dead1 i4e41 ! few :om ,he rais$ corporally dur+ ,8 public life1 or1 z we pref]1 ! _m :om ,he rais$ spiritually2 & ,8 p[] ( judg+4 99,= ! h\r come? :]e9 all t are 9 ! graves %all he> ! voice ( ! ,son ( ,god499 ,x is admitt$ by all t ! ref]5ce 9 ^! words is to ! g5]al resurrection1 & ! ,jews are told n to be surpris$ at ! spiritual resurrection1 inasmu* z ! resurrection ( all fle% %all come to pass at ! ^w ( ! same ,son ( ,god4 ,! words ( ?is v]se imply t ! spiritual resurrection excites less wond] ?an ! corporal2 & ?is inde$ is true1 = ?\gh ! spiritual resurrection is1 9 fact1 ! great] miracle1 & 9 itself m wond]ful1 yet x is n s5sible1 & _c excite our wond] s mu* z ! rais+ ( ev5 "o dead body to life4 #bi4 ,et proc$5t qui bona #bi4 ,& !y t h done fec]unt1 9 resurrectionem good ?+s1 %all come =? vitae3 qui v]o mala eg]unt1 unto ! resurrection ( life2 9 resurrectionem iudicii4 b !y t h done evil1 unto ! resurrection ( judgm5t4 #bi4 ,?is v]se af=ds a cle> pro( t we are n ju/ifi$ by fai? alone1 b t accord+ to our works we %all be rew>d$ or condemn$4 #cj4 ,non possum ego a meipso #cj4 ,i _c ( myself d fac]e quidquam4 ,sicut audio1 any?+4 ,z ,i he>1 s ,i iudico3 et iudicium meum judge3 & my judgm5t is iu/um e/1 quia non qua]o j3 because ,i seek n my voluntatem meam1 s$ own w1 b ! w ( him voluntatem eius qui misit me4 t s5t me4 #cj4 ,:at ,*ri/ said 9 v]se #ai ( e op]ation ( ,81 ,he n[ repeats & applies 9 p>ticul> to ?is judgm5t4 ,s9ce ,he judges z ,godman1 ! words 8,z ,i he>10 probably ref] bo? to ,8 ,div9e nature1 :i*1 l ,8 judgm5t 0 id5tical ) t ( ! ,fa!r1 & to ,8 human nature1 9 :i*1 on acc\nt ( ! pl5itude ( grace )9 ,him1 ,he c ?9k or w no?+ contr>y to ! ,fa!r47#eb7 #ca4 ,si ego te/imonium #ca4 ,if ,i be> witness ( p]hibeo de meipso1 myself1 my witness is n te/imonium meum non e/ true4 v]um4 #ca4 ,f v]se #ai ,*ri/ has borne witness to ,himself1 to ,8 ,div9e p[] & equality ) ! ,fa!r1 & n[ ,he says t if ,he 7 alone 9 be>+ su* witness ( ,himself1 ,8 witness w\ld n be su* z m5 w\ld be b\nd to receive4 ,( c\rse1 ev5 ?\gh a man 7 alone & unsupport$ 9 te/ify+ reg>d+ himself1 /ill x is pla9 8 witness might be true2 b x w\ld n be tru/wor?y1 su* z ought to be receiv$1 because x might be false1 & w\ld be reasonably suspect$4 ,no d\bt1 ,*ri/'s te/imony ( ,himself ?\gh unsupport$ w\ld be m ?an en\gh to ^? :o believ$ 9 ,8 ,div9ity2 b ,he is "h address+ ^? :o _h no su* belief4 ,comp4 viii4 #adaf4 #cb4 ,alius e/ qui te/imonium #cb4 ,!re is ano!r t p]hibet de me3 et scio quia be>e? witness ( me3 & ,i v]um e/ te/imonium quod "k t ! witness :i* he p]hibet de me4 witnesse? ( me is true4 #cb4 ,*ri/'s witness ( ,himself is support$ by t ( ! ,fa!r 7"s ?9k1 by t ( ! ,bapti/71 to :i* ,he c confid5tly appeal4 ,b be=e m5tion+ h[ ! ,fa!r's te/imony is giv51 ,he turns aside = a mom5t to appeal to ! ,bapti/'s te/imony4 #cc4 ,vos misi/is ad ,ioannem3 #cc4 ,y s5t to ,john2 & he et te/imonium p]hibuit gave te/imony to ! tru?4 v]itati4 #cd4 ,ego autem non ab hom9e #cd4 ,b ,i receive n te/imonium accipio3 s$ haec te/imony f man3 b ,i say dico ut vos salvi sitis4 ^! ?+s t y may be sav$4 #cd4 ,he n[ tells !m t ,he has invok$ ! te/imony ( ! ,bapti/1 n t ,he ne$s any te/imony ( m51 b 9 ! hope t !y1 :o _h reg>d$ ! ,bapti/ z a prophet1 might p]*ance accept 8 te/imony to ,*ri/4 #ce4 ,ille erat luc]na ard5s1 #ce4 ,he 0 a burn+ & a et luc5s3 ,vos autem volui/is %9+ light4 ,& y 7 ad horam exult>e 9 luce will+ = a "t to rejoice eius4 9 8 light4 #ce4 ,! ,greek is3 ,he 0 ! lamp t burne? & %9e?4 ,f ! use ( ! ^w 0 "h1 x is fairly conclud$ t ! ,bapti/ _h be5 already put to dea? by ,h]od ,antipas 7,m>k vi4 #agbh74 ,! ,bapti/ 0 a bright lamp ( tru?1 b n ! light 7 i4 #h1 #i71 :i* 0 ,*ri/ ,himself4 #cf4 ,ego autem habeo #cf4 ,b ,i h a great] te/imonium maius ,ioanne4 te/imony ?an t ( ,john4 ,op]a enim quae d$it mihi ,= ! works :i* ! ,fa!r ,pat] ut p]ficiam ea1 ipsa ha? giv5 me to p]fect3 ! op]a quae ego facio1 works !mselves1 :i* ,i d1 te/imonium p]hib5t de me1 give te/imony ( me1 t ! quia ,pat] misit me3 ,fa!r ha? s5t me4 #cf4 ,a ?ird te/imony is n[ invok$ 9 ! miracles :i* ! ,fa!r gave ,*ri/ to p]=m4 ,see x4 #cg1 #ch1 & :at 0 said above on iii4 #b4 #cg4 ,et qui misit me ,pat]1 #cg4 ,& ! ,fa!r himself :o ipse te/imonium p]hibuit de ha? s5t me1 ha? giv5 me3 neque vocem eius unquam te/imony ( me3 nei!r h audi/is1 neque speciem eius y he>d 8 voice at any vidi/is3 "t1 nor se5 8 %ape4 #ch4 ,et v]bum eius non habetis #ch4 ,& y h n 8 ^w 9 vobis man5s3 quia quem abid+ 9 y3 = :om he misit ille1 huic vos non ha? s5t1 him y believe cr$itis4 n4 #cg1 #ch4 ,besides ! indirect te/imony ( ! ,fa!r ?r\gh ,*ri/'s miracles1 ano!r te/imony ( ,8 is n[ appeal$ to4 ,"s und]/& ?is ( ! te/imony ( ! ,fa!r on ! occasion ( ,*ri/'s baptism1 7,matt4 iii4 #ag74 ,s ,*rys41 ,a ,lap41 ,m',ev4 ,b if !re 7 ref]5ce to t pa/ & def9ite occasion1 ! ,greek aori/1 n ! p]fect1 w\ld be us$4 ,o!rs1 z ,mald41 connect ?is v]se closely ) ! prec$+1 & hold ! ref]5ce is /ill to ! ,fa!r's te/imony giv5 ?r\gh ,*ri/'s miracles4 ,b ! =m ( words3 8,& ! ,fa!r ,himself1 :o ha? s5t ,me1 ha? giv5 te/imony ( ,me10 seems to add ano!r di/9ct te/imony to ^? already m5tion$4 ,o!rs1 !re=e1 hold t ! ref]5ce is to ! ,fa!r's te/imony convey$ ?r\gh ! oracles ( ! prophets4 ,s ,/4 ,cyril1 ,!oph41 ,eu?y41 ,ku941 ,corl42 & ?is op9ion seems to be ! correct "o4 ,ab\t ! mean+ & connection ( ! words :i* foll[ 9 ?is v]se & ! next1 !re is a great v>iety ( view4 7#a7 ,"s ?us3 ,b y h nev] li/5$ to ,8 voice speak+ to y ?r\gh ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures1 nor recognis$ ,him z speak+ 9 !m1 nor d y believe 9 ,8 inspir$ ^w2 & ! reason ( ?is is1 because y d n believe 9 ,me :om ,he has s5t4 7,patriz47 7#b7 ,o!rs ?us3 ,b ?\gh ! ,fa!r has te/ifi$ ( ,me1 8nei!r h y he>d ,8 voice 444 abid+ 9 y20 i4e41 y h be5 exclud$ f famili>ity ) ,him1 & f belief 9 ,8 te/imony1 because y refuse to believe 9 ,me4 7,h5g/5b]g47 7#c7 ,o!rs take ! words to ref] to ! cov5ant ent]$ into by ,god ) ! ,jews 7,deut4 xviii4 #aeai71 t ,he %\ld t]rify !m no m by ,8 awful pres5ce1 z :5 ,he gave ! law on ,s9ai 7,exod4 xx4 #aiba71 b %\ld speak to !m ?r\gh a prophet4 ,h5ce ,*ri/'s words signify3 ,! ,fa!r has borne te/imony ( ,me1 nor has ,he brok5 ,8 ^w to y1 t y %\ld he> & see no m ! t]rify+ s\nds & sights ( ,s9ai2 & yet y refuse to keep y\r "p ( ! compact 78y h n ,8 ^w abid+ 9 y071 inasmu* z y refuse to believe 9 ,me1 ! ,prophet :om ,he promis$4 7,tolet41 ,beel47 7#d7 ,o!rs aga9 ?us3 ,! ,fa!r has borne unque/ionable te/imony ( ,me1 ?\gh n1 ,i admit1 9 su* a mann] z t ,he c\ld be se51 or ,8 voice he>d by y4 ,b t te/imony y accept n 7y h n ,8 ^w abid+ 9 y71 z is pla9 f ! fact t y refuse to believe 9 ,me4 ,see ! note to ,a ,lap41 9 ,migne's ,ed41 :i* agrees ) ,ku9oel4 ,:atev] view be adopt$1 we und]/& ! te/imony ref]r$ to 9 v]se #cg1 to be t :i* is explicitly m5tion$ 9 v]se #ci2 viz41 ! te/imony ( ,god giv5 ?r\gh ! ,scriptures 9 ! writ+s ( ,moses & ! prophets47#ec7 #ci4 ,scrutam9i scripturas1 #ci4 ,se>* ! scriptures1 = quia vos putatis 9 ipsis y ?9k 9 !m to h life vitam aet]nam hab]e3 et ev]la/+2 & ! same are illae sunt1 quae te/imonium !y t give te/imony ( p]hib5t de me3 me3 #ci4 ,"h our ,"l di/9ctly m5tions ! te/imony to :i* ,he _h already allud$ 7v]se #cg74 99,se>* ! ,scriptures991 or r1 99,ye se>* ! ,scriptures994 ,9 bo? ! ,greek & ,lat9 texts ! =m ( ! v]b leaves x d\btful :e!r x is to be und]/ood z an indicative or an imp]ative4 ,b ! context1 9 :i* all ! v]bs are 9 ! indicative1 & ! c\rse ( ! argum5t1 r5d] x mu* m probable t ! =m is to be und]/ood z an indicative4 ,s1 too1 all ! be/ mod]n comm5tators1 ev5 among ! ,prote/ants2 e4g41 ,ku941 ,alf41 ,bloomf41 ,we/c41 & ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 :i* r5d]s3 8,ye se>* ! ,scriptures40 ,x is unnecess>y !n to delay long 9 refut+ ! argum5t :i* us$ to be drawn by ,prote/ants f ?is text 9 fav\r ( ! indiscrim9ate read+ ( ! ,bible by all ! fai?ful4 ,a few words w suffice4 7#a7 ,x is mu* m probable t ! words d n conta9 a precept1 b m]ely /ate a fact4 7#b7 ,ev5 if !y did conta9 a precept1 !y are address$ v probably only to ! ,jewi% tea*]s 7see v]se #dd74 7#c7 ,ev5 if we admitt$ t ! words conta9 a precept1 & are address$ to all ! ,jews1 /ill x w\ld n foll[ t all ! fai?ful n[ are b\nd to read ! ,bible1 nor t ! ,*ur* may n sometimes1 = grave reasons re/rict ! lib]ty to read x4 ,= we mu/ be> 9 m9d t our ,"l is "h ref]r+ to ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures 9 connection ) "o p>ticul> po9t1 namely1 ! fulfilm5t ( prophecy 9 ,himself4 ,ev5 if ! ,jews 7 au?oriz$ or comm&$ to read ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures 9 reg>d to a p>ticul> "q1 x by no means foll[s t ,prote/ants are comm&$ or ev5 au?oriz$ to read !m 9 ord] to =m by ! aid ( private judgm5t an op9ion on all que/ions ( fai? & morals4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* freely admits1 ( c\rse1 & insi/s t ! read+ ( ! ,bible is 9 itself good & useful2 b s9ce ! ,bible conta9s 8c]ta9 ?+s h>d to be und]/ood1 :i* ! unle>n$ & un/able wre/ 444 to _! own de/ruction0 7#b ,pet4 iii4 #af71 h5ce %e kn[s x is possible t1 l all ,god's be/ gifts1 ! ,bible may 9 c]ta9 circum/ances be abus$4 #dj4 ,et non vultis v5ire ad me #dj4 ,& y w n come to ut vitam habeatis4 me t y may h life4 #dj4 99,&99 is equival5t to 8& yet40 #da4 ,cl>itatem ab hom9ibus #da4 ,i receive n glory f non accipio4 m54 #da4 ,n ?r\gh a desire to ga9 glory f !m has ,he borne ! prec$+ te/imony to ,himself4 ,?is is said p>5!tically1 & ! next v]se is to be connect$ ) v]se #dj4 #db4 ,s$ cognovi vos1 quia #db4 ,b ,i "k y1 t y dilectionem ,dei non habetis 9 h n ! love ( ,god 9 vobis4 y4 #db4 99,b ,i "k y1 t99 c4 ,_! unbelief 9 ,*ri/ 0 due to ! fact t !y did n love ,god4 ,_h !y lov$ ,god1 !y w\ld h correspond$ ) grace1 & recognis$ ! ,messias :om ,god _h s5t4 #dc4 ,ego v5i 9 nom9e ,patris #dc4 ,i am come 9 ! "n ( mei1 et non accipitis me3 si my ,fa!r1 & y receive me alius v5]it 9 nom9e suo1 n3 if ano!r %all come 9 illum accipietis4 8 own "n1 him y w receive4 #dc4 ,! s5se is3 ,i am come 9 ! "n1 & ) ! p[] ( ,my ,fa!r manife/$ 9 ,my works4 ,if ano!r come to y1 & )\t giv+ any evid5ce t ,he is f ,god1 say t he is ! ,messias1 y w believe him1 & believe 9 him4 ,we "k t ?is actually happ5$4 ,_m false ,*ri/s arose be=e ! de/ruction ( ,j]usalem 7#gj ,a4,d472 & obta9$ a foll[+ among ! p4 ,a p]son nam$ ,b>*o*ebas 0 ! mo/ successful ( ^? impo/ors4 #dd4 ,quomodo vos pote/is #dd4 ,h[ c y believe1 :o cr$]e1 qui gloriam ab receive glory "o f invicem accipitis3 et gloriam1 ano!r3 & ! glory :i* quae a solo ,deo e/1 non is f ,god alone1 y d n qua]itis8 seek8 #dd4 ,ano!r cause ( _! unbelief is _! empty vanity :i* s\ght1 & 0 satisfi$ )1 ! praise ( m54 #de4 ,nolite put>e quia ego #de4 ,?9k n t ,i w accusaturus sim vos apud accuse y to ! ,fa!r4 ,patrem3 e/ qui accusat vos ,!re is "o t accuse? ,moyses1 9 quo vos sp]atis4 y1 ,moses1 9 :om y tru/4 #de4 ,x w n be necess>y = ,*ri/ to accuse !m be=e ,god1 because ,moses1 _! own great prophet1 w accuse !m4 #df4 ,si enim cr$]etis ,moysi1 #df4 ,= if y did believe cr$]etis =sitan et mihi3 ,moses1 y w\ld p]haps de me enim ille scripsit4 believe me also4 ,= he wrote ( me4 #df4 99,y w\ld p]haps499 ,see above on iv4 #aj4 #dg4 ,si autem illius litt]is #dg4 ,b if y d n believe non cr$itis1 quomodo v]bis 8 writ+s3 h[ w y meis cr$etis8 believe my words8 #dg4 ,?is is said because ,moses f> surpass$ ,him 9 _! e/imation2 & ) ! tell+ ?\ght1 t _! own ,scriptures1 ev5 ,moses himself1 po9t$ ,him out z _! ,messias1 ?is weighty disc\rse ends4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 #aac4 99,*ri/ crosses ) ,8 disciples to ! ea/]n %ore ( ! sea ( ,galilee1 :]e ,he miracul\sly fe$s a multitude ) five loaves & two fi%es499 #adae4 99,! multitude1 mov$ by ! miracle1 wi% to make ,him ,k+1 b ,he )draws499 #afba4 99,on ! night ( t same day1 z ! disciples are cross+ to ! we/]n side ( ! lake1 a /orm rises1 & ,he comes to !m1 walk+ ^u ! wat]s499 #bbbe4 99,! foll[+ day ! multitude also cross to ! we/]n side ( ! lake1 ent] ,caph>naum1 & f9d ,him !re be=e !m499 #bfei4 99,*ri/'s disc\rse to ! multitude1 9 :i* ,he promises ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/499 #fj4 99,! place :]e ! disc\rse 0 deliv]$499 #fafg4 99,effect ( ! disc\rse--murmur+ ( _m ( ! disciples2 ,8 explanation1 & _! dep>ture f ,him499 #fhgj4 99,/4 ,pet]'s noble confession 9 reply to a "q ( ,*ri/499 #gagb4 99,*ri/ ref]s to ! wick$ness ( "o ( ! ,apo/les1 & ! ,evangeli/ /ates to :om ,he ref]s499 #a4 ,po/ haec abiit ,iesus trans #a4 ,aft] ^! ?+s1 ,jesus m>e ,galilaeae1 quod e/ w5t ov] ! sea ( ,galilee1 ,tib]iadis3 :i* is t ( ,tib]ias3 #a4 ,! int]val to be admitt$ betwe5 :at is record$ 9 ?is *apt] & 9 ! prec$+ dep5ds ^u ! view we adopt z to :at fea/ is ref]r$ to 9 ! fir/ v]se ( ! prec$+4 ,if t 0 ! ,fea/ ( ,pas*1 almo/ a ye> has elaps$1 = we are told "h1 9 v]se #d1 t ! pas* is aga9 at h&4 ,if t 0 ! ,fea/ ( ,lots1 & ?is ! ,pas* foll[+1 !n ! int]val to be admitt$ is mu* less1 only a mon?4 ,^? :o1 l u1 admit ! long] int]val say t ,/4 ,john "h passes ov] ! ev5ts ( t ye>1 because !y 7 already relat$ by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s4 ,9 ! la/ *apt] we left ,jesus at ,j]usalem 9 ,judea1 ! s\!rn prov9ce ( ,pale/9e1 & n[1 soon aft] ! dea? ( ! ,bapti/ 7,matt4 xiv4 #c1 ,m>k vi4 #ag1 ,luke iii4 #bj7 & ! return ( ! ,apo/les f _! fir/ mission 7,m>k vi4 #cj2 ,luke ix4 #aj71 we f9d ,him 9 ! nor!rn prov9ce1 by ! %ores ( ! ,sea ( ,galilee4 ,?is sea or lake 7! ,jews call$ e l>ge body ( wat] a sea71 :i* lay to ! ea/ ( ! prov9ce ( ,galilee1 0 call$ also ! ,sea ( ,tib]ias1 because ( ! t[n built by ,h]od ,antipas1 on its we/]n %ore1 & nam$ aft] ! ,roman ,emp]or ,tib]ius4 ,x 0 also call$ sometimes ! ,lake ( ,g5nes>e?1 f ! f]tile pla9 ( t "n on its ,n4,w4 %ore4 ,x is almo/ he>t%ap$1 ) ! n>r[ end t[>ds ! s\?1 & its ext5t at pres5t is #ab miles f nor? to s\?1 by #h miles at its wide/ "p ea/ to we/4 7,smi?'s ,b4 ,d41 #bnd ,ed47 #b4 ,et sequebatur eum multitudo #b4 ,& a great multitude magna1 quia videbant signa foll[$ him1 because !y saw quae faciebat sup] 8 qui ! miracles :i* he did on infirmabantur4 !m t 7 diseas$4 #b4 ,jesus1 accompani$ by ,8 disciples1 hav+ cross$ ! lake1 a great multitude foll[s ,him4 ,comp>+ ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s 7,matt4 xiv4 #ac1 & foll42 ,m>k vi4 #cb1 & foll42 ,luke ix4 #aj1 & foll471 we f9d t ! des]t ne> ,be?saida 7,julias7 on ! nor?ea/]n side ( ! lake 0 ! place to :i* ,jesus repair$ 7,luke72 t ! multitude foll[$ by l& 7 on foot1 ,matt41 ,m>k72 t !y arriv$ be=e ,him 7,m>k71 & t ,he taught !m = a consid]able "t4 #c4 ,subiit ergo 9 montem #c4 ,jesus w5t !re=e up ,iesus3 et ibi s$ebat cum into a m\nta91 & !re he discipulis suis4 sat ) 8 disciples4 #c4 99,jesus !re=e w5t up into a m\nta999 7,gr41 ! m\nta972 i4e41 ! wellkn[n m\nta9 range on t side ( ! lake4 ,see too 9 v]se #ae4 #d4 ,erat autem proximum pas*a1 #d4 ,n[ ! ,pas*1 ! fe/ival dies fe/us ,iudaeorum4 day ( ! ,jews1 0 ne> at h&4 #d4 ,9 ! view we foll[ ?is 0 ! ?ird ,pas* ( our ,"l's public life4 #e4 ,cum sublevasset ergo oculos #e4 ,:5 ,jesus !re=e _h ,iesus1 et vidisset quia lift$ up 8 eyes1 & se5 multitudo maxima v5it ad eum1 t a v great multitude dixit ad ,philippum3 ,unde come? to him1 he said to ememus panes1 ut m&uc5t hi8 ,philip3 ,:5ce %all we buy bread t ^! may eat8 #e4 ,9 ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s ! disciples are repres5t$ z ask+ our ,"l to dismiss ! multitude1 t !y may g & procure food4 ,we may reconcile ) ,/4 ,john's acc\nt ?us4 ,!y make a sugge/ion1 z 9 ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s4 ,he !n turns to ,philip1 z 9 ,/4 ,john4 #f4 ,hoc autem dicebat t5tans #f4 ,& ?is he said to try eum3 ipse enim sciebat quid him3 = he himself knew :at esset facturus4 he w\ld d4 #f4 99,to try him499 8,"o k9d ( temptation leads to s91 ) :i* ,god nev] tempts anyone2 & !re is ano!r k9d by :i* fai? is tri$4 ,9 ?is s5se x is said t ,*ri/ prov$ ,8 disciples4 ,?is is n meant to imply t ,he did n "k :at ,philip w\ld say1 b is an accommodation to man's way ( speak+4 ,= z ! expression3 ,:o se>*e? ! he>ts ( m51 does n mean ! se>*+ ( ignorance1 b ( absolute k2 s "h1 :5 x is said t our ,"l prov$ ,philip1 we mu/ und]/& t ,he knew him p]fectly1 b t ,he tri$ him 9 ord] to confirm 8 fai?4 ,! ,evangeli/ himself gu>ds aga9/ ! mi/ake :i* ?is imp]fect mode ( speak+ might occasion1 by add+ ,= ,he ,himself knew :at ,he w\ld d0 7,/4 ,aug474 #g4 ,respondit ei ,philippus3 #g4 ,philip answ]$ him3 ,two ,duc5torum d5>iorum panes hundr$ p5nywor? ( bread is non sufficiunt eis1 ut n suffici5t = !m1 t unusquisque modicum quid e "o may take a little4 accipiat4 #g4 ,! d5>ius 0 a ,roman silv] co91 ^: value diff]$ at diff]5t times4 ,f ! ye> #bag ,b4,c4 till ! reign ( ,augu/us 7#cj ,b4,c4 to #ad ,a4,d47 x 0 wor? #h;d42 aft]w>ds1 &1 !re=e1 9 ! "t ( ,*ri/1 x 0 wor? ab\t #g;d4 ,see ,smi?'s ,lat4 ,dict4 ,cal5d>ium1 ,tables viii4 & ix4 ,two hundr$ d5>ii1 !n w\ld be equal to ab\t #f #es41 & yet :at bread ?is w\ld pur*ase w\ld n suffice to give ev5 a little to ea*1 s great 0 ! multitude4 #h4 ,dicit ei unus ex discipulis #h4 ,"o ( 8 disciples1 eius1 ,&reas frat] ,simonis ,&rew1 ! bro!r ( ,simon ,petri4 ,pet]1 sai? to him3 #i4 ,e/ pu] unus hic1 qui #i4 ,!re is a boy "h t habet qu9que panes ha? five b>ley loaves & hordeaceos1 et duos pisces3 two fi%es3 b :at are ^! s$ haec quid sunt int] among s _m8 tantos8 #aj4 ,dixit ergo ,iesus3 ,facite #aj4 ,!n ,jesus said3 ,make ! hom9es discumb]e4 ,erat autem m5 sit d[n4 ,n[ !re 0 fo5um multum 9 loco4 mu* grass 9 ! place4 ,! ,discubu]unt ergo viri1 num]o m5 !re=e sat d[n 9 quasi qu9que millia4 numb] ab\t five ?\s&4 #aj4 ,*ri/ tells ! disciples to bid ! multitude be seat$ 8on ! gre5 grass0 7,m>k vi4 #ci72 & ab\t #e1jjj m5 78n reckon+ wom5 & *ildr510 ,matt4 xiv4 #ba7 sat d[n 9 companies 8by hundr$s & by fifties0 7,m>k vi4 #dj74 #aa4 ,accepit ergo ,iesus panes3 #aa4 ,& ,jesus took ! loaves3 et cum gratias egisset1 & :5 he _h giv5 ?anks1 di/ribuit discumb5tibus3 he di/ribut$ to !m t similit] et ex piscibus 7 set d[n4 ,9 l mann] quantum volebant4 also ( ! fi%es z mu* z !y w\ld4 #aa4 ,hav+ return$ ?anks = all ! b5efits ( ,god1 & p>ticul>ly = t :i* ,he 0 n[ ab\t to be/[1 ,*ri/ took & bless$ ! loaves & fi%es1 & ?r\gh ,8 disciples di/ribut$ !m to ! multitude 7,matt41 ,m>k1 ,luke74 ,x is n said at :at precise "t ! loaves 7 multipli$ or enl>g$1 :e!r 9 ! h&s ( ,*ri/1 or ( ! disciples4 ,x may be1 z ,mald4 supposes1 t ! increase began 9 our ,"l's h&s1 & cont9u$ z f> z necess>y dur+ ! di/ribution by ! disciples4 ,t x at lea/ began 9 our ,"l's h&s1 we ?9k extremely probable1 = ?us ,he 0 m cle>ly %[n to be ! au?or ( ! miracle4 #ab4 ,ut autem impleti sunt1 #ab4 ,& :5 !y 7 fill$1 dixit discipulis suis3 he said to 8 disciples3 ,colligite quae sup]av]unt ,ga!r up ! fragm5ts t fragm5ta1 ne p]eant4 rema91 le/ !y be lo/4 #ab4 ,! disciples are told to ga!r up ! fragm5ts--7#a7 to tea* u n to neglect ! gifts ( ,god2 7#b7 t ! fragm5ts might s]ve z a pro( & a memorial ( ! miracle :i* _h be5 wr\ght4 #ac4 ,colleg]unt ergo1 et #ac4 ,!y ga!r$ up implev]unt duodecim coph9os !re=e1 & fill$ twelve fragm5torum ex qu9que baskets ) ! fragm5ts ( panibus hordeaceis1 quae ! five b>ley loaves1 :i* sup]fu]unt 8 qui rema9$ ov] & above to m&ucav]ant4 !m t _h eat54 #ac4 8,obs]ve h[ ! f\r ,evangeli/s use ! ^w 1 baskets1 9 n>rat+ ?is miracle1 ?us di/+ui%+ x f a l "o record$ else:]e by ,mat!w & ,m>k1 9 :i* !re 7 sev5 loaves1 & #d1jjj m51 & sev5 panni]s 77 ( fragm5ts4 ,x is difficult p]haps to po9t out di/9ctly h[ diff]$ f 1 b c]ta9 x is t !y did diff]1 else !y w\ld nev] h be5 s nicely discrim9at$ by ! sacr$ writ]s 9 e in/ance0 7,m',c>?y3 ,gosp4 ( ! ,sundays1 f\r? ,sunday ( ,l5t747#ed7 #ad4 ,illi ergo hom9es cum #ad4 ,n[ ^! m51 :5 !y vidiss5t quod ,iesus fec]at _h se5 :at a miracle ,jesus signum1 dicebant3 ,quia hic e/ _h done1 said3 ,?is is ( a v]e propheta1 qui v5turus tru? ! prophet t is to e/ 9 mundum4 come into ! _w4 #ad4 99,! prophet991 ! ,messiah1 = :om _! fa!rs & !y _h ye>n$ s long 7,luke vii4 #ai74 #ae4 ,iesus ergo cum #ae4 ,jesus !re=e :5 he cognovisset1 quia v5turi knew t !y w\ld come to ess5t ut rap]5t eum1 et take him by =ce & make him fac]5t eum regem1 fugit k+1 fl$ aga9 into ! it]um 9 montem ipse solus4 m\nta9 himself alone4 #ae4 ,jesus1 kn[+ _! ?\ghts & int5tions1 )drew to ! m\nta91 :]e ,he _h already be5 e>li] 9 ! day 7v]se #c74 ,& ,he )drew all alone1 a circum/ance :i* makes x extremely probable t ,he r5d]$ ,himself invisible1 else "s ( ! cr[d w\ld h foll[$4 ,x may seem /range at fir/ sight1 h[ diff]5tly ,*ri/ treats ! ,jews1 on _! recognis+ ,him z ! ,messias1 f ! way ,he treat$ ! ,sam>itans 9 simil> circum/ances 7iv4 #db1 #dc74 ,& yet ,8 action 9 ! two cases is intelligible en\gh4 ,! ,jews look$ = a ,messias :o w\ld improve _! ext]nal condition1 free !m f subjection to any =eign p[]1 & set !m up z a p[]ful nation4 ,b ! ,sam>itans c\ld h1 & _h1 no su* hope f ! adv5t ( a ,jewi% ,messias4 ,) ! ,jews1 z we see 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 ! int5tion 0 to decl>e ! ,messias _! ,k+1 & ?us to ?r[ (f _! allegiance to ,rome4 ,! consequ5ce1 ( c\rse1 w\ld h be5 great political excitem5t & rebellion1 end+1 d\btless1 9 ! triumph ( ! ,roman arms4 ,b no matt] :at ! success ( su* a rebellion1 x w\ld h prejudic$ ! ,roman _w aga9/ ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/1 & r5d]$ m difficult ! recognition ( ! spiritual "* ( ,*ri/'s k+dom4 #af4 ,ut autem s]o factum e/ #af4 ,& :5 ev5+ 0 come1 desc5d]unt discipuli eius ad 8 disciples w5t d[n to ! m>e4 sea4 #ag4 ,et cum asc5diss5t navim1 #ag4 ,& :5 !y _h gone up v5]unt trans m>e 9 into a %ip1 !y w5t ov] ,caph>naum3 et t5ebrae iam ! sea to ,caph>naum3 & x factae erant3 et non v5]at 0 n[ d>k1 & ,jesus 0 ad eos ,iesus4 n come unto !m4 #ag4 99,!y w5t ov] ! sea499 ,r1 99!y 7 go+994 ,f ,/4 ,mat!w we le>n t ,*ri/ _h told ! disciples imm$iately aft] ! miracle1 to g be=e ,him across ! lake1 :il/ ,he dismiss$ ! cr[d4 ,/4 ,m>k adds t !y 7 told to cross to ,be?saida2 i4e41 to ! t[n ( ?is "n1 :i* 0 ne> ,caph>naum4 ,see above1 i4 #dd4 ,! direction ( ! w9d or "s o!r motive may h induc$ !m to g t[>ds ,caph>naum1 z ,/4 ,john "h tells u !y did4 #ah4 ,m>e autem1 v5to magno #ah4 ,& ! sea arose by flante1 exurgebat4 reason ( a great w9d t blew4 #ai4 ,cum remigass5t ergo quasi #ai4 ,:5 !y _h r[$ /adia vig9ti qu9que aut !re=e ab\t five & trig9ta1 vid5t ,iesum tw5ty or ?irty furlongs1 ambulantem supra m>e1 et !y see ,jesus walk+ ^u proximum navi fi]i1 et ! sea1 & draw+ nigh to timu]unt4 ! %ip1 & !y 7 afraid4 #ai4 ,! /adium1 a ,greek measure1 0 ne>ly equal to an ,engli% furlong1 s t ! di/ance "h indicat$ 01 at ! lea/1 almo/ ?ree miles4 ,! exact l5g? ( ! /adium 0 #fbe feet1 t ( ! ,engli% furlong is #ffj feet4 #bj4 ,ille autem dicit eis3 ,ego #bj4 ,b he sai? to !m3 ,x sum1 nolite tim]e4 is ,i3 be n afraid4 #ba4 ,volu]unt ergo accip]e #ba4 ,!y 7 will+ eum 9 navim3 et /atim navis !re=e to take him into ! fuit ad t]ram1 9 quam ibant4 %ip3 & pres5tly ! %ip 0 at ! l&1 to :i* !y 7 go+4 #ba4 99,!y 7 will+ !re=e to take him into ! %ip499 "h is equival5t to an adv]b 7,ku9471 & ! s5se is3 8,!y gladly took ,him into ! %ip0 7boat71 z ,/4 ,m>k inde$ tells u !y did 7,m>k vi4 #ea74 ,or1 if1 ) ,w9]1 ,gr4 ,gram41 p4 #ehf1 x be admitt$ t nev] has an adv]bial =ce1 except 9 ! p>ticiple1 !n we w\ld expla9 t ?\gh at fir/ afraid 7v]se #ai71 !y 7 aft]w>ds will+ to take ,him into ! %ip1 & took ,him 94 #bb4 ,alt]a die1 turba quae #bb4 ,! next day1 ! /abat trans m>e1 vidit quia multitude t /ood on ! navicula alia non erat ibi o!r side ( ! sea1 saw nisi una1 et quia non t !re 0 no o!r %ip introisset cum discipulis suis !re b "o1 & t ,jesus ,iesus 9 navim1 s$ soli _h n ent]$ into ! %ip discipuli eius abiiss5t3 ) 8 disciples1 b t 8 disciples 7 gone away alone4 #bc4 ,aliae v]o sup]v5]unt #bc4 ,b o!r %ips came 9 naves a ,tib]iade1 iuxta locum f ,tib]ias1 nigh unto ! ubi m&ucav]ant panem1 place :]e !y _h eat5 ! gratias ag5te ,dom9o4 bread1 ! ,"l giv+ ?anks4 #bd4 ,cum ergo vidisset turba #bd4 ,:5 !re=e ! quia ,iesus non esset ibi1 multitude saw t ,jesus 0 neque discipuli eius1 n !re1 nor 8 disciples1 asc5d]unt 9 naviculas1 et !y took %ipp+1 & came v5]unt ,caph>naum qua]5tes to ,caph>naum seek+ = ,iesum4 ,jesus4 #bbbd4 ,on ! foll[+ day1 ! cr[d on ! ea/]n %ore seek = ,jesus 7v]se #bd71 ?9k+ ,him to be /ill on t side ( ! lake1 inasmu* z ,he _h n left by ! only boat t 0 !re on ! prec$+ ev5+ 7v]se #bb74 ,n f9d+ ,him1 !y take boats :i* _h j arriv$ on ! ea/]n %ore1 & cross to ! we/]n %ore to seek ,jesus 9 ,caph>naum1 :]e ,he usually abode at ?is "t4 #be4 ,et cum inv5iss5t eum #be4 ,& :5 !y _h f\nd trans m>e1 dix]unt ei3 him on ! o!r side ( ! ,rabbi1 qu&o huc v5i/i8 sea1 !y said to him3 ,rabbi1 :5 came/ ?\ hi!r8 #be4 ,:5 !y f\nd ,jesus1 !y ask$ ,him :5 ,he _h come to ,caph>naum1 be+ equally anxi\s1 no d\bt1 to "k h[ ,he _h come4 #bf4 ,respondit eis ,iesus1 et #bf4 ,jesus answ]$ !m & dixit3 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 said3 ,am51 am51 ,i say to qua]itis me1 non quia y1 y seek me1 n because vidi/is signa1 s$ quia y h se5 miracles1 b m&uca/is ex panibus1 et because y did eat ( ! saturati e/is4 loaves1 & 7 fill$4 #bf4 ,)\t answ]+ _! "q1 our ,"l takes occasion f ! miracle ( ! prec$+ day to raise _! ?\ghts to a high] & m preci\s bread ?an t :i* ,he _h miracul\sly giv5 !m4 ,b fir/ ,he tells !m t !y foll[$ ,him1 n because !y _h realiz$ ! spiritual significance ( ,8 miracles1 & believ$ ,him to be ,god1 b m]ely1 ,he implies1 because !y hop$ = a gross mat]ial satisfaction1 su* z !y _h exp]i5c$ ! prec$+ day4 ,! ,greek ^w1 r5d]$3 & 7 fill$1 means lit]ally2 7 satisfi$ ) food1 z animals ) fodd]4 ,hav+ ?us made kn[n to !m1 t ,he knew _! motive 9 foll[+ ,him1 ,he goes on to tell !m to lab\r n1 t is to say1 n s mu*1 = ! food t p]i%e? z = t :i* endure? unto et]nal life4 ,?is food endur+ unto et]nal life 7v]se #bg7 we und]/& to be ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 ,b be=e giv+ our reasons = hold+ t ref]5ce to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ beg9s "h1 & n m]ely at v]ses #dh1 #ea1 or #eb1 x is desirable to indicate ! ,prote/ant int]pretations ( ?is disc\rse ( our ,"l1 & prove t !y are unt5able4 ,mo/ ,prote/ants d5y t !re is any ref]5ce to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ 9 ?is *apt]2 !y hold t x ref]s m]ely to ! reception ( ,*ri/ ?r\gh fai?2 & ?r\gh fai? especially 9 ! aton+ efficacy ( ,8 passion & dea?4 ,x is ( ?is fai? 9 ,8 passion t !y int]pret ! words3 8,except y eat ! fle% ( ! ,son ( ,man1 & dr9k ,8 blood1 y %all n h life 9 y10 7v]se #ed74 ,inde$ !y are logically con/ra9$ ei!r to d5y t !re is ref]5ce "h to ! sacram5t ( ! ,eu*>i/1 or else to ab&on _! tea*+ reg>d+ ! nature & efficacy ( ! sacram5ts4 ,on ! "o h&1 if !y admit ref]5ce to ! ,eu*>i/1 !y see ! difficulty ( d5y+ ! real & sub/antial pres5ce ( ,*ri/ 9 ! sacram5t2 on ! o!r h&1 hold+1 z !y d1 t ! few sacram5ts :i* !y reta917#ee7 are n causes ( grace1 z ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* tea*es1 b m]ely signs or pl$ges ( grace1 & ext]nal notes ( ! ,*ur*1 !y f9d !mselves 9 direct conflict ) our ,"l1 if ,8 words are to be und]/ood ( ! sacram5t ( ! ,eu*>i/4 ,= aga9 & aga9 ?r\gh\t ?is disc\rse ,he attributes salvation & grace to ! eat+ ( ,8 fle% & ! dr9k+ ( ,8 blood1 9 su* a way z to leave no room = d\bt t :atev] x is ,he speaks (1 :e!r fai? or ! sacram5t ( ! ,eu*>i/1 x is ! cause ( grace4 ,see1 e4g41 #bg1 #eb1 #ee1 #eg1 #ei4 ,b besides ^? :o d5y t !re is any ref]5ce to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ 9 ?is *apt]1 !re is a consid]able numb] ( ,prote/ants :o take up ev5 a m indef5sible position4 ,^! admit ! ref]5ce1 b cont5d t no?+ m c be conclud$ f ?is or any o!r "p ( ,scripture ?an t ,*ri/ is spiritually pres5t 9 ! ,sacram5t4 ,!y w n admit t ,*ri/ is really & sub/antially pres5t1 mu* less t ! sacram5t causes grace4 ,aga9/ ! fir/ class we %all %[ t ,*ri/ ref]s1 9 ?is disc\rse1 to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/2 & aga9/ ! second1 t ,8 words prove t ,he is really & sub/antially receiv$ 9 ! sacram5t4 ,i4 ,,*ri/ ,,ref]s ,,9 ,,?is ,,disc\rse ,,to ,,! ,,bless$ ,,eu*>i/47#ef7 ,we may premise t no m appropriate occasion c\ld h be5 *os5 by ,*ri/ = promis+ ?is heav5ly bread ?an ! day foll[+ t on :i* ,he _h multipli$ ! bread 9 ! des]t2 & we "k t x 0 ,*ri/'s practice to expla9 ,8 doctr9es z !y 7 sugge/$ by circum/ances4 ,?us1 aft] cur+ ! c5turion's s]vant1 ,he =etells ! vocation ( ! ,g5tiles 7,matt4 viii4 #fac72 aft] expell+ ! unclean _s1 ,he describes ! p[] ( ,satan 7,matt4 xii4 #bbde72 aft] ask+ = wat]1 ,he speaks ( ! wat] ( life to ! ,sam>itan woman 7,john iv4 #aj1 & foll472 aft] heal+ ! p>alytic1 ,he pr$icts ! g5]al resurrection 7,john v4 #bh72 & aft] cur+ ! man born bl9d1 ,he d5\nces ! bl9dness ( ! ,ph>isees 7,john ix4 #da74 ,x 0 q 9 accordance ) ,*ri/'s practice1 !n1 to pr$ict ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ on ! pres5t occasion3 & t ,he did s is prov$ by ! foll[+ argum5ts3-- 7#a7 ,if ,/4 ,john did n mean to record "h a ref]5ce to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 !n he does n m5tion t sacram5t at all1 = he does n allude1 unless p]haps v obscurely 7xiii4 #a7 to its in/itution4 ,b x is v improbable t our ,evangeli/ omits all m5tion ( ?is sacram5t 9 8 ,gospel4 ,= if1 z we %all prove1 ?is sacram5t conta9s ! body & blood ( ,*ri/1 !re 0 a reason :y ,/4 ,john %\ld m5tion x 9 ord] to confirm ! fai?ful aga9/ ! ,docetae :o d5i$ ! reality ( ,*ri/'s human nature4 ,nor does x at all weak5 ?is argum5t to say t ! ,docetae :o d5i$ ! reality ( ! body 9 :i* ,*ri/ _h walk$ & talk$1 w\ld n be likely to be conv9c$ by a ref]5ce to ,8 body pres5t 9 ! ,eu*>i/4 ,= ,/4 ,john wrote1 n to conv]t h]etics1 b to confirm aga9/ h]esy ,*ri/ians :o believ$ 9 ! real pres5ce4 7#b7 ,*ri/'s words 7#bg1 #eb7 c ref] only to ! ,eu*>i/4 ,= ,he speaks ( a food :i* 0 /ill to be giv5 9 ! future1 :]eas ,8 doctr9es1 & ,8 ,p]son z ! object ( fai?1 _h be5 giv5 already4 7#c7 ,8 words3 8,am51 am51 ,i say unto y3 ,except y eat ! fle% ( ! ,son ( ,man1 & dr9k ,8 blood1 y %all n h life 9 y0 7v]se #ed71 c\ld be und]/ood only 9 a lit]al s5se1 & s und]/ood1 !y mu/ ref] to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 ,=1 if ,*ri/ _h spok5 9 a figurative s5se1 x %\ld be 9 t figurative s5se :i* 0 kn[n & recognis$ among ! ,jews4 ,n[1 ! recognis$ figurative s5se ( eat+ a man's fle% 0 to d him "s s]i\s injury1 especially by calumny47#eg7 ,su* a figurative s5se1 h[ev]1 w\ld be absurd "h2 & h5ce ,*ri/ mu/ h be5 und]/ood1 & mu/ h spok51 9 ! lit]al s5se4 ,see ,wiseman's ,lect4 on ! ,eu*41 pp4 #ggia4 7#d7 ,! disciples und]/ood our ,"l to speak ( a real eat+ ( ,8 fle% & blood1 su* z takes place only 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 & und]/ood ,him correctly4 ,_! words 7v]se #fa71 & _! dep>ture = ev] f ,him 7v]se #fg71 %[ t !y und]/ood ,him ( a real eat+2 o!rwise :y %\ld !y be (f5d$ or des]t ,him8 ,:at _h ,he said t 0 new1 or h>d to take 91 if ,he m]ely spoke ( ! necessity ( fai? 9 ,himself or ,8 doctr9es8 ,_! action1 !n1 %[s 9 :at s5se ! disciples und]/ood ,him2 & ,8 action 9 p]mitt+ !m to dep>t1 %[s !y und]/ood ,him correctly4 7#e7 ,! ,jews und]/ood ,him ( a real eat+1 :i* 0 q diff]5t f belief 9 ,8 doctr9es or 9 ,himself1 & :i* has no mean+ unless 9 ref]5ce to ! ,eu*>i/4 8,h[ c ?is man give u ,8 fle% to eat80 !y said 7v]se #ec72 & ,8 solemn assev]ation1 negatively 7v]se #ed71 & positively 7v]se #ee71 %[s t ,he is inculcat+ ! v tru? :i* !y _h que/ion$1 & :i* !y 7 b\nd to accept on ,8 te/imony1 ev5 ?\gh !y c\ld n see h[ x 0 to come to pass4 ,,ii4 ,,*ri/ ,,speaks ,,( ,a ,,real1 ,,oral ,,reception ,,( ,,8 ,,body ,,& ,,blood1 ,,& ,,n ,,m]ely ,,( ,a ,,spiritual ,,reception ,,?r\gh ,,fai? ,,excit$ ,,by ,,! ,,sacram5t4 7#a7 ,! manna ) :i* ,*ri/ comp>es ! bread t ,he w give 7v]ses #di1 #ej1 #ei7 0 really eat52 !re=e1 also ! bread1 :i* is ,8 fle% 7v]se #eb71 is to be really receiv$4 7#b7 ,aft] ! ,jews _h murmur$1 ,*ri/ decl>$ ,8 fle% to be truly meat1 & ,8 blood to be truly dr9k 7v]se #ef71 & !re=e x mu/ be truly & really receiv$4 7#c7 ,9 any s5se o!r ?an ! lit]al1 ,*ri/'s mean+ w\ld be obscure1 & ,8 words mislead+2 & our ,evangeli/1 accord+ to 8 ord9>y practice 7i4 #da1 #db2 ii4 #ba2 iv4 #b2 xii4 #cc71 w\ld expla94 ,b he does n expla92 !re=e ! language is n obscure1 & !re=e ! lit]al s5se 0 meant4 7#d7 ,see argum5ts 7#c71 7#d71 & 7#e7 = ! prec$+ proposition4 ,& n[1 hav+ satisfi$ ourselves t !re is ref]5ce to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ 9 ?is *apt]1 & to a real1 oral reception ( ,*ri/ 9 ! sacram5t1 let u try to decide :]e t ref]5ce beg9s4 ,"s 7z ,wiseman1 ,lect4 on ,eu*41 p4 #ea1 & foll47 say at v]se #dh2 o!rs1 at #ea2 & o!rs1 at #eb4 ,b x seems mu* m probable t ! ref]5ce beg9s be=e any ( ^! po9ts2 & ,wiseman is c]ta9ly mi/ak5 :5 he /ates1 on page #dh3 8,t ,prote/ants & ,ca?olics are equally agre$ t ! disc\rse1 z f> z ! #dh? or #ea/ v]se ref]s entirely to believ+ ,*ri/4 ,/4 ,cyril ( ,alex41 ,!ophy41 ,toletus1 ,lucas ( ,bruges1 _h held1 be=e ,wiseman's "t1 t ! ref]5ce to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ beg9s 9 v]se #bg02 & s9ce 8 "t1 ,beel51 ,p]rone1 ,corluy1 ,franzel917#eh7 & o!rs h held ! same4 ,! mo/ probable view seems to be t f v]se #bg1 :]ev] !re is "q ( ! bread 7v]ses #bg1 #cb1 #cc1 #ce1 444 #ei71 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ is meant4 ,*ri/ began 9 v]se #bg to promise ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 b ! ,jews int]rupt$ ,him 7v]se #bh71 & _! int]ruption rais$ ! "q ( fai? 9 ,him1 s t ,he digress$ = a "t f ,8 ma9 purpose to expla9 ! necessity ( fai?1 9 ord] to ensure a fruitful reception ( ! ,eu*>i/4 ,b ?\gh we admit ?is digression1 we hold t :]ev] ,*ri/ ref]s to ! bread to be giv51 ,he means ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 & t ! ref]5ce to x beg9s 9 v]se #bg4 ,=-- 7#a7 ,9 v]se #bg ,he speaks ( a food t 0 /ill to be giv5 9 ! future1 j z 9 v]se #eb1 :]e all ,ca?olics admit !re is "q ( ! ,eu*>i/4 7#b7 ,?is food 0 to be giv5 by ! ,son ( ,man1 ,*ri/ ,himself2 & ?\gh 9 v]se #cb ! ,fa!r is said to give x1 ?is is naturally expla9$ by say+ t ! ,fa!r gives u 9 ! ,inc>nation :at ,*ri/ gives 9 a sacram5tal =m 9 ! ,eu*>i/4 7#c7 ,! food 9 v]se #bg1 is a food = :i*1 z we %all see1 fai? is a prep>ation2 !re=e1 n itself fai?4 7#d7 ,9 v]ses #cb1 #cc1 !re is "q ( a bread t come? d[n f heav51 & give? life to ! _w1 & 9 v]se #ei1 ( a bread to :i* ! v same prop]ties are attribut$2 & 9 bo? cases ?is heav5 desc5d$1 lifegiv+ bread is contra/$ ) ! manna4 ,is x n natural1 !n1 to conclude1 rememb]+ t bo? passages belong to ! same disc\rse1 t ! same bread is meant 9 bo? in/ances8 ,& n[ we h se5--7#a7 t !re is ref]5ce to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ 9 ?is disc\rse2 7#b7 to a real reception ( ,*ri/ 9 x2 & 7#c7 t ! ref]5ce mo/ probably beg9s 9 v]se #bg4 ,hav+ got s f>1 x w n be v difficult to int]pret ! disc\rse1 & to ?is we proce$ at once4 #bg4 ,op]am9i non cibum qui #bg4 ,lab\r n = ! meat p]it1 s$ qui p]manet 9 :i* p]i%e?1 b = t vitam aet]nam1 quem ,filius :i* endure? unto life hom9is dabit vobis4 ,hunc enim ev]la/+1 :i* ! son ( ,pat] signavit ,deus4 man w give y4 ,= him ha? ,god1 ! ,fa!r1 seal$4 #bg4 99,lab\r n = ! meat :i* p]i%e?1 b = t 9999 :i* endure? unto life ev]la/+499 ,z our ,v]sion indicates1 ! meat is ! object = ! atta9m5t ( :i* !y are exhort$ to d _! "p4 ,! mean+ _c be t !y are to make ! food by believ+1 z if ! food 7 fai?2 = !y _h n made ! bread 9 ! des]t ! previ\s day1 nor 7 !y ?9k+ ( mak+ x n[1 b !y 7 try+1 /riv+ to obta9 x4 ,?is sacram5tal food w endure 9 its effects unto et]nal life4 ,?is food 99! ,son ( ,man w give992 i4e41 ,*ri/ z man w give u ,8 fle%2 b s9ce ! food is to endure 9 its effects unto et]nal life1 m]e man c\ld n give su*2 & h5ce x is add$ t ! ,fa!r :o is ,god has seal$ ) ! impress ( ,div9ity 7,augu/41 ,tolet47 ! ,son ( ,man1 :o !re=e1 be+ ,god z well z man1 c give a food t w endure unto et]nal life4 #bh4 ,dix]unt ergo ad eum3 ,quid #bh4 ,!y said !re=e unto faciemus ut op]emur op]a him3 ,:at %all we d t we ,dei8 may "w ! works ( ,god8 #bi4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #bi4 ,jesus answ]$1 & said eis3 ,hoc e/ opus ,dei1 ut to !m3 ,?is is ! "w ( cr$atis 9 eum quem misit ,god1 t y believe 9 him ille4 :om he ha? s5t4 #bhbi4 ,"s ( ,8 he>]s n[ int]rupt ,*ri/1 n h[ev] to inquire :at ?is food 01 b to ask :at !y mu/ d on _! "p 9 ord] to p]=m ! works :i* !y take x = grant$ ,god requires1 be=e !y may receive su* food4 ,*ri/'s answ] is1 t 9 ord] to obta9 x1 s t x may rema9 unto et]nal life1 !y mu/ believe 9 ,himself4 ,s too is x ev5 n[2 ! s9n] may sacrilegi\sly receive ! ,"l into 8 brea/1 b x is only = ,him :o believes 7& acts accord+ly7 t ! ,sacram5t endure? unto et]nal life4 #cj4 ,dix]unt ergo ei3 ,quod #cj4 ,!y said !re=e to ergo tu facis signum ut him3 ,:at sign !re=e do/ videamus1 et cr$amus tibi8 ?\ %[ t we may see1 & quid op]>is6 may believe !e8 :at do/ ?\ "w8 #ca4 ,patres no/ri #ca4 ,our fa!rs did eat manna m&ucav]unt manna 9 9 ! des]t1 z x is des]to1 sicut scriptum e/3 writt51 ,he gave !m bread ,panem de coelo d$it eis f heav5 to eat4 m&uc>e4 #cjca4 ,*ri/ hav+ decl>$ ! necessity ( fai? 9 ,himself1 !y n[ ask = motives ( cr$ibility1 & po9t to ! great /&+ miracle wr\ght = _! fa!rs 9 ! des]t4 ,b :]eas ,he _h dem&$ fai? 9 ,himself3 8,t y believe 9 ,him :om ,he ha? s5t0 7v]se #bi71 !y seem to miss ! po9t1 & speak n ( believ+ 9 ,him1 b m]ely ( believ+ ,him1 believ+ :at ,he may h to say to !m4 ,!y did n m5tion ,moses1 nor 0 ! manna giv5 by ,moses2 b our ,"l's reply %[s t ! comp>ison betwe5 ,himself & ,moses 0 9 _! m9ds4 ,x is z if !y said3 ,y call ^u u to believe y on ! /r5g? ( ! miracle wr\ght ye/]day 9 ! des]t1 :]eas ,moses f$ our :ole race = =ty ye>s ) a bread f heav54 ,^! p :o speak ?us1 are probably diff]5t p]sons f ^? :o on ! prec$+ day recognis$ ,*ri/ z ! ,messias 7v]se #ad74 #cb4 ,dixit ergo eis ,iesus3 #cb4 ,!n ,jesus said to !m3 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 ,non ,am51 am51 ,i say to y3 ,moyses d$it vobis panem de ,moses gave y n bread f coelo1 s$ ,pat] meus dat heav51 b my ,fa!r give? vobis panem de coelo v]um4 y ! true bread f heav54 #cc4 ,panis enim ,dei e/ qui de #cc4 ,= ! bread ( ,god is coelo desc5dit1 et dat vitam t :i* come? d[n f mundo4 heav51 & give? life to ! _w4 #cbcc4 ,!y _h ask$ = "s great miracle 7comp4 ,matt4 xii4 #ch71 b s9ce !y _h already _h suffici5t evid5ce to enable !m to believe1 ,*ri/ does n gratify _! desire1 b proce$s to decl>e t x 0 n ,moses :o gave ! manna1 b ,god 7see ,ps4 lxxvii4 #babd72 s t _! tacit comp>ison ( ,moses ) ,himself is baseless4 ,he !n goes on to decl>e t ,8 ,fa!r give? !m ! true bread f heav54 ,?is means1 z we h already expla9$1 t ! ,fa!r gave u 9 ! ,inc>nation :at ,*ri/ gives u 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 namely1 ! ,p]son ( ! ,godman4 ,t x is true or p]fect bread1 ,he proves f ! fact t x comes1 n l ! manna f ! cl\ds1 b f heav5 itself1 & t x n m]ely su/a9s ! life ( "o p1 b gives life to ! _w4 #cd4 ,dix]unt ergo ad eum3 #cd4 ,!y said !re=e unto ,dom9e1 semp] da nobis panem him3 ,"l1 give u always ?is hunc4 bread4 #ce4 ,dixit autem eis ,iesus3 ,ego #ce4 ,& ,jesus said to !m3 ,i sam panis vitae1 qui v5it ad am ! bread ( life3 he t me1 non esuriet3 et qui cr$it come? to me %all n hung]2 9 me1 non sitiet unquam4 he t believe? 9 me1 %all nev] ?ir/4 #cd1 #ce4 ,!y at once ask t ,he w\ld give !m ?is bread always4 ,!y evid5tly ?9k t ,he speaks ( "s excell5t food l ! manna1 :i* w\ld support _! corporal exi/5ce1 & !y desire to be con/antly suppli$ ) x4 ,b z !y "k n :at !y ask1 nor h[ !y %\ld be dispos$ to receive x1 ,he tells !m--7#a7 ,:at ! bread is1 namely1 ,himself2 & 7#b7 :at is requir$ = a prop] & fruitful reception ( x1 namely1 fai? 9 ,himself4 ,! words3 99,he t come? to ,me991 mean ! same ?+ z3 99,he t believe? 9 ,me994 ,! believ] %all 99nev] ?ir/992 because1 if he act ^u 8 belief1 he w receive ,*ri/ 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 & be spiritually fill$1 nev] aga9 to ?ir/1 except ?r\gh 8 own fault4 #cf4 ,s$ dixi vobis1 quia et #cf4 ,b ,i said unto y1 t vidi/is me1 et non cr$itis4 y also h se5 me1 & y believe n4 #cg4 ,omne quod dat mihi ,pat]1 #cg4 ,all t ! ,fa!r give? ad me v5iet3 et eum qui v5it me %all come to me2 & him ad me1 non ejiciam =as3 t come? to me1 ,i w n ca/ out4 #cf1 #cg4 ,*ri/ aga91 z 9 v]se #bf1 reproves _! want ( fai?1 & decl>es t ^? :o believe 9 ,him1 d s ?r\gh ! grace ( ! ,fa!r2 & all su* ,he receives & rejects n4 #ch4 ,quia desc5di de coelo1 #ch4 ,because ,i came d[n f non ut faciam voluntatem meam heav51 n to d my own w1 s$ voluntatem eius qui misit b ! w ( him t s5t me4 me4 #ci4 ,hac e/ autem voluntas #ci4 ,n[ ?is is ! w ( eius qui misit me1 ,patris3 ut ! ,fa!r :o s5t me2 t omne quod d$it mihi1 non ( all t he ha? giv5 me1 p]dam ex eo1 s$ resuscitem ,i %\ld lose no?+1 b illud 9 novissimo die4 %\ld raise x up aga9 9 ! la/ day4 #dj4 ,haec e/ autem voluntas #dj4 ,& ?is is ! w ( my ,patris mei1 qui misit me3 ut ,fa!r t s5t me2 t omnis qui videt ,filium1 et e "o :o see? ! ,son1 cr$it 9 eum1 habeat vitam & believe? 9 him1 may h aet]nam1 et ego resuscitabo life ev]la/+1 & ,i w eum 9 novissimo die4 raise him up 9 ! la/ day4 #chdj4 ,he decl>es ! reason :y ,he does n reject su*3 because ,he came d[n on e>? to d ,8 fa!r's w2 & t w is t all :o recognize 9 ,him ! ,son ( ,god & believe 9 ,him z su* 7act+ accord+ to t belief71 %\ld be rais$ up to a glori\s life on ! la/ day4 #da4 ,murmurabant ergo ,iudaei de #da4 ,! ,jews !re=e illo1 quia dixisset3 ,ego sum murmur$ at him1 because he panis vivus1 qui de coelo _h said1 ,i am ! liv+ desc5di4 bread :i* came d[n f heav54 #db4 ,et dicebant3 ,nonne hic e/ #db4 ,& !y said3 ,is n ?is ,iesus filius ,ioseph1 cuius nos ,jesus ! son ( ,joseph1 ^: novimus patrem et matrem8 fa!r & "m we "k8 ,h[ ,quomodo ergo dicit hic3 ,quia ?an sai? he1 ,i came d[n de coelo desc5di8 f heav58 #dc4 ,respondit ergo ,iesus1 et #dc4 ,jesus !re=e answ]$ dixit eis3 ,nolite murmur>e 9 & said to !m3 ,murmur n invicem3 among y\rselves4 #dadc4 ,! ,jews1 by :om ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees p]haps are meant1 n[ murmur because ,he claims cele/ial orig91 :]eas !y fancy !y "k ,him to be an ord9>y man1 born 9 ! ord9>y way ( an e>?ly fa!r & "m4 ,he m]ely reproves _! murmur+ )\t reply+ to _! difficulty1 & proce$s to decl>e ! necessity ( grace4 #dd4 ,nemo pote/ v5ire ad me1 #dd4 ,no man c come to me1 nisi ,pat] qui misit me except ! ,fa!r1 :o ha? trax]it eum3 et ego s5t me1 draw him1 & ,i w resuscitabo eum 9 novissimo raise him up 9 ! la/ day4 die4 #dd4 ,no "o c believe 9 ,him1 unless ! ,fa!r draw him2 i4e41 by prev5t+ & assi/+ grace4 ,we h "h a cle> pro( aga9/ ! ,pelagians1 = ! necessity ( grace 9 ord] to fai?4 ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t1 ?\gh we are drawn by ,god1 we are drawn by impulses ( grace :i* we are free to resi/47#ei7 #de4 ,e/ scriptum 9 prophetis3 #de4 ,x is writt5 9 ! ,et erunt omnes docibiles ,dei4 prophets3 ,& !y all %all ,omnis qui audivit a ,patre1 et be taught ( ,god4 ,e "o didicit1 v5it ad me4 t ha? he>d ( ! ,fa!r & ha? le>n$1 come? to me4 #de4 ,*ri/ decl>es h[ we are drawn by ! ,fa!r1 namely1 by an illum9ation ( ! intellect & motion ( ! w1 s t we he> 78audivit07 & obey 78didicit074 99,x is writt5 9 ! ,prophets3 ,& !y %all all be taught ( ,god499 ,! ,jewi% ,scriptures 7 divid$ into ! ,law1 ! ,prophets1 & ! ,hagiograph]s1 & ! ref]5ce "h is to ! portion writt5 by ! ,prophets4 ,! phrase3 99,!y %all all be taught ( ,god991 :i* is f\nd sub/antially 9 ,isaias1 liv4 #ac1 implies direct ,div9e tea*+ ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ! ,_s ^u ! m9d & he>t1 & indicates n m]ely "o ,div9e communication1 b an e/abli%$ relation%ip1 = ! fai?ful :o all[ !mselves to be drawn1 are lifelong pupils 9 ! s*ool ( ,god4 #df4 ,non quia ,patrem vidit #df4 ,n t any man ha? se5 quisquam1 nisi is qui e/ a ! ,fa!r1 b he :o is ( ,deo1 hic vidit ,patrem4 ,god1 he ha? se5 ! ,fa!r4 #df4 99,n t any man ha? se5 ! ,fa!r499 ,x is1 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 8z if ,he said3 ,d n :5 ,i tell y3 ,e man t ha? he>d & le>n$ ( ! ,fa!r1 say to y\rselves3 ,we h nev] se5 ! ,fa!r1 & h[ !n c we h le>n$ f ,him8 ,he> ,him !n 9 ,me1 ,i "k ! ,fa!r1 & am f ,him40 #dg4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 ,qui #dg4 ,am51 am51 ,i say unto cr$it 9 me1 habet vitam y3 ,he t believe? 9 me aet]nam4 ha? ev]la/+ life4 #dg4 ,hav+ po9t$ out ! necessity ( fai? 7v]se #bi71 its suffici5cy 7v]se #ce71 & ! necess>y condition to x1 namely1 ! grace ( ,god & correspond5ce !re) 7v]ses #dd1 #de71 ,he n[ solemnly repeats :at ,he _h decl>$ 9 v]ses #ce & #cg1 t he :o believes 9 ,him %all h et]nal life4 ,! pres5t t5se1 99ha? ev]la/+ life991 ne$ create no difficulty "h3 = he :o believes w receive ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 ! food 8t endure? unto ev]la/+ life10 7v]se #eg72 & ! pres5t t5se is s us$ to indicate ! c]ta9ty ) :i* ! result w foll[4 #dh4 ,ego sum panis vitae4 #dh4 ,i am ! bread ( life4 #di4 ,patres ve/ri #di4 ,y\r fa!rs did eat manna m&ucav]unt manna 9 9 ! des]t1 & are dead4 des]to1 et mortui sunt4 #ej4 ,hic e/ panis de coelo #ej4 ,?is is ! bread :i* desc5d5s3 ut si quis ex ipso come? d[n f heav53 t m&ucav]it1 non moriatur4 if any man eat ( x1 he may n die4 #ea4 ,ego sum panis vivus1 qui #ea4 ,i am ! liv+ bread1 de coelo desc5di4 :i* came d[n f heav54 #dhea4 ,be=e quitt+ ?is portion ( ,8 disc\rse1 & go+ on to decl>e h[ ,he is ! bread ( life1 ,*ri/ sums up :at ,he has said1 repeat+ aga9 ! proposition laid d[n 9 v]se #ce3 8,i am ! bread ( life20 aga9 comp>+ & pref]r+ ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ to ! manna 7#di1 #ej comp>$ ) #cb1 #ce72 & comb9+ 9 "o ! two propositions conta9$ 9 v]ses #ce & #ch1 namely1 t ,he is ! bread1 & t ,he came d[n f heav54 ,9 v]se #ej :]e x is decl>$ t he :o eats ?is bread %all n die1 ! mean+ is1 t ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 ( its own nature1 is calculat$ to save u f ! dea? ( ! s\l1 & to secure ev5 = our bodies a glori\s resurrection4 ,s91 ( c\rse1 may rob x ( its glori\s effects4 #eb4 ,si quis m&ucav]it ex #eb4 ,if any man eat ( ?is hoc pane1 vivet 9 aet]nuum3 bread1 he %all live = ev]3 et panis1 quem ego dabo1 c>o & ! bread t ,i w mea e/ pro mundi vita4 give1 is my fle% = ! life ( ! _w4 #eb4 ,hav+ summ$ up ! prec$+ portion ( ,8 disc\rse1 ,*ri/ n[ proce$s to decl>e h[ ,he is ! bread ( life4 ,till n[ ,he _h cont5t$ ,himself ) decl>+ t ,he is t bread1 & ) po9t+ out ! *ief disposition necess>y to receive ,him wor?ily2 n[ ,he goes fur!r1 & po9ts out h[ ,he w be ! bread ( life2 namely1 by giv+ ,8 fle%1 t is1 ,8 :ole human nature 7i4 #ad71 to :i* ! ,div9e nature is insep>ably unit$1 to be receiv$ 9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 ,?us ,he gradually unfolds ! my/]y1 res]v+ till ! la/ supp] ! fur!r k1 t ?is reception ( ,8 body & blood 0 to take place 9 a sacram5tal mann]4 99,& ! bread t ,i w give is my fle%1 = ! life ( ! _w499 ,_m ,greek ,,mss4 read3 8,& ! bread t ,i w give is ,my fle%1 :i* ,i w give = ! life ( ! _w40 ,if ! words 8:i* ,i w give0 be g5u9e1 we w\ld expla9 !m n 9 ref]5ce to ! sacrifice ( ! cross1 b 9 ref]5ce to ! sacrifice ( ! ,eu*>i/1 9 :i* ,*ri/ is giv5 = u & to u4 ,comp>e ,/4 ,luke3 8,?is is ,my body1 :i* is giv5 = y0 7,luke1 xxii4 #ai71 & especially ,luke xxii4 #bj1 :]e ! ,greek text %[s t x is ! blood z 9 ! *alice 7& n z on ,calv>y7 t is said to be (f]$ 9 sacrifice4 ,b ! words m probably are n g5u9e2 !y are omitt$ by ,la*mann1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,tregelles1 ,we/cott1 & ,hort1 & by ! ,revis$ ,v]sion1 z well z by ! ,vulgate4 ,?\gh n m]ely ,*ri/'s fle%1 t is1 ,8 humanity 7i4 #ad71 b also ,8 ,div9ity1 is receiv$ 9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 ,8 human nature is specially m5tion$1 le/ x %\ld be ?\ght t ,he is ! liv+ bread only z ,god1 or m]ely spiritually4 8,dix]at enim10 says ,/4 ,?omas on ?is v]se4 8,quod erat panis vivus2 et ne intelligatur quod hoc ei esset 9 quantum e/ ,v]bum1 vel secundum animam tantum1 ideo o/5dit quod etiam c>o sua vivificativa e/3 e/ enim organum div9itatis suae3 unde1 cum in/rum5tum agat virtute ag5tis1 sicut div9itas ,*ri/i vivificativa e/1 ita et c>o virtute ,v]bi adjuncti vivificat2 unde ,*ri/us tactu suo sanabat infirmos40 ,besides1 z ,/4 ,?omas adds1 s9ce ?is ,sacram5t is commemorative ( our ,"l's ,passion 78,= z (t5 z y %all eat ?is bread1 & dr9k ! *alice1 y %all %[ ! dea? ( ! ,"l10 #a ,cor4 xi4 #bf71 ,8 8fle%0 is m5tion$ to rem9d u ( ! weakness ( t human nature :]e9 x 0 possible = ,him :o 0 ,god to suff]4 #ec4 ,litigabant ergo ,iudaei ad #ec4 ,! ,jews !re=e /rove invicem1 dic5tes3 ,quomodo among !mselves say+3 ,h[ pote/ hic nobis c>nem suam c ?is man give u 8 fle% suam d>e ad m&uc&um8 to eat8 #ed4 ,dixit ergo eis ,iesus3 #ed4 ,!n ,jesus said to !m3 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 ,nisi ,am51 am51 ,i say unto y2 m&ucav]itis c>nem ,filii ,except y eat ! fle% ( hom9is1 et bib]itis eius ! son ( man1 & dr9k 8 sangu9em1 non habebitis vitam blood1 y %all n h life 9 vobis4 9 y4 #ee4 ,qui m&ucat meam c>nem1 #ee4 ,he t eate? my fle%1 et bibit meum sangu9em1 habet & dr9ke? my blood1 ha? vitam aet]nam3 et ego ev]la/+ life3 & ,i w resuscitabo eum 9 novissimo raise him up 9 ! la/ day4 die4 #ecee4 ,! ,jews 99!re=e99 7ergo1 n enim71 because ( :at ,he _h n[ said1 disput$ among !mselves1 evid5tly tak+ diff]5t views ( :at ,he _h said2 b ,jesus1 f> f retract+1 solemnly insi/s ^u :at ,he _h j said1 & decl>es negatively 7v]se #ed71 & positively 7v]se #ee71 n only ! possibility1 b ! necessity ( receiv+ ,8 body & blood4 ,x does n foll[ f v]se #ed1 z ! ,utraqui/s falsely cont5d$1 t ,communion "u bo? k9ds is necess>y2 = ,*ri/ is receiv$ :ole & entire "u ei!r species4 ,"u ! species ( bread only ! body is pres5t 9 virtue ( ! words ( consecration1 & simil>ly "u ! species ( w9e only ! blood2 b s9ce ,*ri/'s body is n[ a liv+ body1 x foll[s t 9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 :]e ! body is1 !re also are ! blood & ! s\l 9 virtue ( ! natural connection betwe5 ! p>ts ( a liv+ body1 & !re1 too1 ! ,div9ity1 9 virtue ( ! hypo/atic union4 ,see ,decrees ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 sess4 xiii41 *4 #c4 ,! precept is to receive bo? body & blood1 b n necess>ily "u bo? species4 ,=1 z ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t 7sess4 xxi41 cap4 #a7 po9ts out1 ,*ri/ attributes ! same effects to eat+ 9 v]ses #ee1 #eh1 #ei1 z ,he does "h to eat+ & dr9k+4 ,see also #a ,cor4 xi4 #bf1 :]e he :o eats or dr9ks unwor?ily1 is said to be guilty ( bo? body & blood4 ,! precept ( ,*ri/1 !n1 is obey$ :e!r "o or bo? species be receiv$1 & x is a discipl9>y matt] entru/$ to ! c>e ( ! ,*ur*1 :e!r ! fai?ful are to receive "u "o or bo? species4 ,see+1 !n1 t !re is no obligation = ! fai?ful to receive ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ "u bo? species1 x may be ask$ :y does ,*ri/ m5tion bo? species8 ,we reply1 t ,he does s to signify t 9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ !re is a p]fect repa/1 :i* ord9>ily supposes ! pres5ce ( bo? meat & dr9k2 &1 p]haps1 also to indicate t ?is sacram5t is commemorative ( ,8 dea?1 9 :i* ,8 body & blood 7 sep>at$4 ,nor d v]ses #ed & #ee af=d any pro( t ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ is necess>y1 necessitate m$ii unto salvation1 l ,baptism 7,john iii4 #e74 ,=--7#a7 ,baptism is decl>$ to be absolutely necess>y = all1 8unless a man be born aga920 "h ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ is decl>$ necess>y only = ^? :o are capable ( receiv+ a precept1 8,unless y eat10 c4 7#b7 ,f ! nature ( ! case1 ,baptism1 be+ a new bir?1 is absolutely necess>y = all :o are to live ! new spiritual life2 & z _m z are born1 mu/ be born aga9 9 ord] to live ! high] life2 b ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ is n ! introduction to a new life1 b a means ( n\ri%+ ! life already acquir$4 ,h5ce = *ildr5 :o h already acquir$ t spiritual life 9 ,baptism1 & _c lose x because incapable ( s9n+1 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ _c be necess>y to salvation1 nor ev5 = adults c x be absolutely necess>y z a means1 if !re be1 z !re are1 o!r means ( reta9+ ! life already acquir$4 #ef4 ,c>o enim mea1 v]e e/ #ef4 ,= my fle% is meat cibus3 et sanguis meus1 v]e inde$3 & my blood is dr9k e/ potus4 inde$2 #eg4 ,qui m&ucat meam c>nem1 #eg4 ,he t eate? my fle% et bibit meum sangu9em1 9 me & dr9ke? my blood1 abide? manet1 et ego 9 illo4 9 me1 & ,i 9 him4 #eg4 ,9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ we are unit$ to ,*ri/1 & ,8 humanity rema9s 9 u until ! sacr$ species become corrupt$2 ,8 div9ity1 until mortal s9 is committ$1 & ,he is expell$4 #eh4 ,sicut misit me viv5s #eh4 ,z ! liv+ ,fa!r ha? ,pat]1 et ego vivo propt] s5t me1 & ,i live by ! ,patrem3 et qui m&ucat me1 et ,fa!r3 s he t eate? me1 ipse vivet propt] me4 ! same also %all live by me4 #eh4 ,! sacr$ union betwe5 ,*ri/ & ! communicant is comp>$ to ! ineffable union betwe5 ,him & ,8 heav5ly ,fa!r4 99,! liv+ ,fa!r499 ,?is is a unique in/ance ( ?is title1 b we frequ5tly f9d3 ,! ,liv+ ,god1 ,matt4 xvi4 #af2 #b ,cor4 vi4 #af1 c4 99,& ,i live by99 7 7 99! ,fa!r994 ,x is to be not$ t is foll[$ by ! accusative1 n ! g5itive4 ,if1 !n1 we are to reg>d x z mean+ "h :at x ord9>ily means :5 foll[$ by ! accusative1 & z ! ,vulgate seems to take x1 ! s5se w\ld r be3 ,z ! liv+ ,fa!r ha? s5t ,me1 & ,i live on acc\nt ( ! ,fa!r1 s he t eate? ,me1 ! same also %all live on acc\nt ( ,me4 ,?is w\ld mean t z complete devotion to ! ,fa!r is ! object ( ! life ( ! ,inc>nate ,son 7! ,son z s5t71 s complete devotion to ! ,son %all be ! object ( ! life ( him to :om ,*ri/ %all h unit$ ,himself 9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 ?9k t is "h equival5t to ?r\gh1 or by1 z 9 our ,rheims ,v]sion4 ,! s5se !n is3 z ,*ri/ lives ?r\gh ! et]nal life communicat$ to ,him 9 ,8 et]nal g5]ation by ! ,fa!r2 s1 9 "s way1 ! communicant %all live 9 virtue ( ! spiritual life communicat$ to him or su/a9$ 9 him because ( 8 union ) ,*ri/ 9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 #ei4 ,hic e/ panis qui de coelo #ei4 ,?is is ! bread t desc5dit4 ,non sicut came d[n f heav54 ,n z m&ucav]unt patres ve/ri y\r fa!rs did eat manna1 manna1 et mortui sunt4 ,qui & are dead4 ,he t eate? m&ucat hunc panem1 vivet 9 ?is bread %all live = aet]num4 ev]4 #ei4 ,?is v]se concludes & unites ! pr9cipal po9ts ( ! disc\rse4 ,comp>e v]ses #cb1 #da1 #di1 #ej1 #eb1 #ee4 ,h5ce x confirms ! view we h foll[$ reg>d+ ! unity ( subject ?r\gh\t ! disc\rse4 99,he t eate? ?is bread %all live = ev]499 ,) ?is enc\rag+ & glori\s promise1 made n to any "o p1 nor to any class z su*1 n ev5 to all believ]s1 b to ea* "o 7note ! *ange f ! plural to ! s+ul>3 y\r fa!rs 444 ,he t eate?7 :o %all wor?ily receive1 & duly pr(it by ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 ! disc\rse ends4 #fj4 ,haec dixit 9 synagoga #fj4 ,^! ?+s he said doc5s1 9 ,caph>naum4 tea*+ 9 ! synagogue1 9 ,caph>naum4 #fj4 ,because ( ! solemn importance ( ! disc\rse1 ! place :]e x 0 deliv]$ is not$4 ,at ,tell ,hm 7see above on ii4 #ab7 ! ru9s ( a l>ge synagogue are /ill to be se54 #fa4 ,multi ergo audi5tes ex #fa4 ,_m !re=e ( 8 discipulis eius1 dix]unt3 disciples he>+ x1 said3 ,durus e/ hic s]mo1 et quis ,?is say+ is h>d1 & :o pote/ eum audire8 c he> x8 #fa4 ,! effect ( ! disc\rse ^u _m ( ! disciples is record$4 99,h>d99 771 i4e41 h>%1 h>d to accept4 #fb4 ,sci5s autem ,iesus apud #fb4 ,b ,jesus kn[+ 9 semetipsum quia murmur>5t de himself1 t 8 disciples hoc discipuli eius1 dixit eis3 murmur$ at ?is1 said to ,hoc vos sc&alizat8 !m3 ,do? ?is sc&alize y8 #fb4 ,! ,evangeli/ notes1 accord+ to 8 cu/om1 t _! ?\ghts 7 kn[n to ,*ri/4 #fc4 ,si ergo vid]itis ,filium #fc4 ,if !n y %all see ! hom9is asc5d5tem ubi erat son ( man asc5d up :]e he prius8 0 be=e8 #fc4 99,if !n y %all see ! son ( man asc5d up :]e he 0 be=e899 ,! s5se accord+ to "s1 is3 ,if y %all see ,me asc5d+ into heav51 x w !n be easi] to believe ,my doctr9e1 see+ ,i am ,div9e2 & y %all at ! same "t und]/&1 t x is n 9 a bloody mann] 7z y suppose7 t y are to eat ,my body4 ,?us ,he w\ld correct _! too c>nal int]pretation ( ,8 words1 & po9t at ! same "t to a reason :y ! true s5se1 h[ev] difficult1 0 to be accept$4 ,o!rs ?9k t ,*ri/'s words increase ! difficulty1 ! s5se be+1 if y are sc&aliz$ n[1 because ,i say1 :ile pres5t ) y1 t ,i w give ,my body1 h[ mu* m w y be sc&aliz$ :5 y see t body tak5 away into heav51 & are yet ask$ to believe t x is to be eat5 on e>?8 ,x is argu$ 9 fav\r ( ?is op9ion1 t ! =m ( ,*ri/'s reply3 8,does ?is sc&alize y8 ,if !re=e10 c41 indicates t _! difficulty w\ld !n be great]4 ,s ,mald41 ,tolet41 ,beel41 ,corl4 ,we may rem>k1 z aga9/ ! ,ne/orians1 t language c\ld n signify m cle>ly ?an ?is v]se signifies ! unity ( ,p]son 9 ,*ri/4 ,! ,son ( ,man w asc5d to heav5 :]e z ,son ( ,god ,he is f all et]nity4 8,filius ,dei et hom9is unus ,*ri/us 444 ,filius ,dei 9 t]ra suscepta c>ne1 ,filius hom9is 9 coelo 9 unitate p]sonae40 ,/4 ,aug4 on ?is v]se4 #fd4 ,spiritus e/1 qui #fd4 ,x is ! _s t vivificat3 c>o non prode/ quick5e?3 ! fle% quidquam3 v]ba quae ego pr(ite? no?+4 ,! words locutus sum vobis1 spiritus et t ,i h spok5 to y1 are vita sunt4 _s & life4 #fd4 ,_m int]pretations ( ?is v]se h be5 advanc$4 ,! foll[+ two are ! mo/ probable1 intr9sically & extr9sically3-- 7#a7 99,! _s99 is ! _s ( man elevat$ & ennobl$ by grace2 99! fle%991 ! corrupt dispositions & weak ?\ghts ( human nature unaid$ by grace 7see ,rom4 viii4 #e1 #f72 & ! mean+ ( ! v]se is2 x is ! m9d illum9$ by grace t quick5e? to fai? & to a prop] und]/&+ ( ,my words2 ! m9d or human nature by itself is ( no avail 9 su* matt]s2 ! words :i* ,i h spok5 to y are to be und]/ood by ! m9d quick5$ & illum9$ by grace4 ,s ,/4 ,*rys41 ,teoph41 ,wisem41 ,p]r41 ,m',ev4 ,b !re are s]i\s difficulties aga9/ ?is view--7#a7 8c>o0 is !n tak5 metaphorically 9 ?is v]se1 :ile ?r\gh\t ! context x has be5 tak5 lit]ally ( ! fle% ( ,*ri/2 7#b7 ! explanation ( ! words 8are _s & life0 is unnatural4 7#b7 ,o!rs take 99! ,_s99 ( ! ,div9ity ( ,*ri/1 99! fle%99 ( ,8 humanity consid]$ ap>t f ! ,div9ity2 & ! mean+ ( ! v]se !n is3 x is ,my ,div9ity t quick5e?1 & make? ,my fle% a meat endur+ unto et]nal life2 ! fle% if sep>at$ f ! ,div9ity w\ld pr(it no?+2 ! words :i* ,i h spok5 to y reg>d ,my lifegiv+ ,div9ity z unit$ to ,my humanity4 ,9 ?is view1 z ,mald4 expla9s x1 8life10 by a ,hebraism1 is equival5t to an adjective signify+ life giv+1 z may be inf]r$ f ! beg9n+ ( ! v]se1 :]e x is said t x is ! ,_s t give? life47#fj7 ,h5ce 8,_s & life0 is equival5t to lifegiv+ ,_s1 & ! latt] "p ( ! v]se means t ,*ri/'s words h ref]5ce to ,8 lifegiv+ ,div9ity 9 union ) ,8 humanity4 ,s1 too1 ,/4 ,cyril ( ,alex41 ,beel41 ,corl4 ,we pref] ?is view1 & hold t ,*ri/ "h gives ! key to ! solution ( ! difficulty on acc\nt ( :i* ,8 disciples _h murmur$ 7v]se #fb74 ,he _h clos$ ,8 disc\rse ) words attribut+ et]nal life to ! eat+ ( ,8 fle% 7v]se #ei72 !y murmur$ accord+ly1 ?9k+ x absurd or incr$ible t su* effect c\ld foll[ f su* a cause z ! eat+ ( a man's fle%2 & 9 v]se #fd ,he expla9s t ,8 fle% is ! fle% ( ! ,man,god1 :i* !re=e ?r\gh ! quick5+ influ5ce ( ! ,div9ity ) :i* x is unit$1 is capable ( produc+ su* m>vell\s effects4 ,!re is n a %ad[ ( probability 9 ! int]pretation put ^u ?is v]se by ! ,sacram5t>ians4 ,!y expla9$ ! v]se to mean3 t ! figurative s5se ( :at ,he _h said reg>d+ ! necessity ( eat+ ,8 fle% & blood pr(its1 b t ! lit]al s5se w\ld pr(it no?+4 ,?us !y pr(ess$ to f9d 9 ^! words an assurance t ,*ri/ _h n spok5 ( a real eat+ ( ,8 fle% 9 ! ,eu*>i/1 b only ( a spiritual reception ( ,himself ?r\gh fai?4 ,9 reply to ?is we say--7#a7 t ?r\gh\t ! re/ ( ! ,bible 8spiritus0 & 8c>o0 are n ev5 once us$ ( a figurative & lit]al s5se2 7#b7 if ,*ri/ "h gave ! explanation :i* our adv]s>ies suppose1 h[ is x t1 z we le>n f v]se #fg1 _m ( ,8 disciples retir$ not)/&+1 & walk$ ) ,him no m8 ,9 su* an explanation all _! difficulty w\ld be remov$1 & !y w\ld be taught t x 0 only ( a figurative eat+ by fai? t ,*ri/ _h be5 speak+4 ,h[ !n acc\nt = _! dep>ture8 ,b x 0 diff]5t 9 ! explanation we h giv5 above4 ,9 our view1 ,*ri/1 /ill insi/+ on a real reception ( ,8 fle%1 m]ely expla9s h[ x is t su* real reception c lead to su* glori\s results4 #fe4 ,s$ sunt quidam ex vobis1 #fe4 ,b !re are "s ( y qui non cr$unt4 ,sciebat enim t believe n4 ,= ,jesus ab initio ,iesus qui ess5t non knew f ! beg9n+ :o cr$5tes1 et quis traditurus !y 7 t did n esset eum4 believe1 & :o he 0 t w\ld betray him4 #fe4 ,9 ! view we hold reg>d+ v]se #fd1 ! connection ( ?is v]se ) x is3 ! fact t ,i am ,god expla9s :at y f9d difficult 9 ,my words 7v]se #fd72 b "s ( y d n believe ,me to be ,god2 & h5ce y\r difficulty 7v]se #fe74 ,to indicate ,*ri/'s ,div9e k1 ! ,evangeli/ adds t ,he knew f ! beg9n+1 c4 #ff4 ,et dicebat3 ,propt]ea dixi #ff4 ,& he said3 ,!re=e did vobis1 quia nemo pote/ v5ire ,i say to y1 t no man c ad me1 nisi fu]it ei datum a come to me1 unless x be giv5 ,patre meo4 him by my ,fa!r4 #ff4 ,*ri/'s words 9 ?is v]se are to be connect$ closely ) ! beg9n+ ( ! prec$+1 ! int]v5+ words ( ! ,evangeli/ be+ p>5!tical4 99,!re=e did ,i say to y499 ,! allusion is to :at 0 said above 7v]se #dd71 :i* is sub/antially ! same z :at is said "h1 s9ce to be drawn to ,*ri/ by ! ,fa!r is no?+ else ?an to be giv5 grace by ! ,fa!r to come to ,*ri/4 ,x might seem at fir/ sight t ^! words excuse ! incr$ulity ( ^? :om ,*ri/ addresses2 b x is n s4 ,=1 ! reason !y _h n be5 drawn by ! ,fa!r 0 because !y w\ld n1 because !y _h n foll[$ ! prompt+s ( grace4 ,see above on v]se #de4 8,peccabant tam5 qui nolebant v5ire1 id e/ cr$]e 9 ,*ri/um1 tum quia habebant gratiam suffici5tem1 qua poss5t cr$]e si vell5t1 etsi non hab]5t efficacem1 qua reipsa et actu cr$]5t2 tum quia humilit] non petebant a ,deo gratiam efficacem1 qua actu cr$]5t3 tum quia sua sup]bia aliisque peccatis illa gratia se fec]ant indignos1 imo p]vicaces ,dei gratiam et fidem repellebant et refutabant0 7,a ,lap4 on ?is v]se74 #fg4 ,ex hoc multi discipulorum #fg4 ,aft] ?is _m ( 8 eius abi]unt retro3 et iam disciples w5t back2 & non cum illo ambulabant4 walk$ no m ) him4 #fg4 ,_h ,*ri/ 9 ! prec$+ disc\rse spok5 only ( fai?1 surely1 allm]ciful & lov+ z ,he is1 ,he w\ld h made ,8 mean+ cle>1 be=e all[+ _m ( ,8 disciples to dep>t f ,him = ev]4 ,x 0 only1 !n1 because !y und]/ood ,him correctly1 & refus$ to believe ,him1 t ,he all[$ !m to dep>t4 #fh4 ,dixit ergo ,iesus ad #fh4 ,!n ,jesus said to ! duodecim3 ,numquid et vos twelve3 w y also g away8 vultis abire8 #fh4 99,! twelve499 ,^! are spok5 ( z well kn[n1 ?\gh ?is is ! fir/ m5tion made ( _! numb] 9 ?is ,gospel4 99,w y also g away899 ,:ile ! "q implies t su* des]tion 0 to be fe>$1 its =m implies a negative answ]1 & sugge/s t 9 ! case ( ! *os5 twelve su* conduct ought to be impossible4 #fi4 ,respondit ergo ei ,simon #fi4 ,& ,simon ,pet] answ]$ ,petrus3 ,dom9e1 ad quem him3 ,"l1 to :om %all we ibimus8 v]ba vitae aet]nae g8 ?\ ha/ ! words ( habes3 et]nal life4 #gj4 ,et nos cr$idimus1 et #gj4 ,& we h believ$ & cognovimus quia tu es ,*ri/us h kn[n t ?\ art ! ,filius ,dei4 ,*ri/ ! ,son ( ,god4 #figj4 ,pet] replies = all ! ,apo/les 7n kn[+ ! unbelief ( ,judas71 & confesses ! tru? ( ,*ri/'s doctr9e1 &1 accord+ to ! ,vulgate read+1 ! ,div9ity ( ,*ri/4 ,x is v d\btful1 h[ev]1 :e!r ! ,vulgate read+ "h is correct4 ,! olde/ ,greek ,,mss4 read3 8,& we h believ$ & "k t ,?\ art ! ,holy ,"o 7 7 ( ,god40 ,:e!r 9 ! m9d ( ,/4 ,pet] ?is latt] =m ( ! words meant a full confession ( ,*ri/'s ,div9ity1 or only t ,he 0 ! ,messias1 x is difficult to say4 ,x w\ld seem inde$ f ! praise be/[$ ^u ,pet] by our ,"l 7,matt4 xvi4 #af7 on an occasion subsequ5t to ?is1 t !n = ! fir/ "t ,pet] fully confess$ ,*ri/'s ,div9ity4 #ga4 ,respondit eis ,iesus3 ,nonne #ga4 ,jesus answ]$ !m3 ,h ego vos duodecim elegi1 et ex n ,i *os5 y twelve2 & vobis unus diabolus e/8 "o ( y is a devil8 #ga4 ,pet] _h answ]$ z he ?\ght = all ! ,apo/les1 b ,*ri/ %[s t ,he kn[s to ! contr>y4 99,a devil991 t is to say a s9n] inspir$ by ! devil 7viii4 #dd71 ,judas 0 7e/7 ev5 !n4 #gb4 ,dicebat autem ,iudam #gb4 ,n[ he meant ,judas ,simonis ,isc>iotem3 hic enim ,isc>iot1 ! son ( ,simon3 erat traditurus eum1 cum esset = ?is same 0 ab\t to unus ex duodecim4 betray him1 :]eas he 0 "o ( ! twelve4 #gb4 ,! ,evangeli/ expla9s :o 0 meant4 8,! "n ,isc>iot has receiv$ _m int]pretations1 m or less conjectural1 b x is n[ univ]sally agre$ t x is to be d]iv$ f ,k]io? 7,jo%4 xv4 #be7 a city 9 ! tribe ( ,judah1 ! ,hebrew '% ,k]yo? pass+ into 0 7,smi?'s ,b4 ,d41 #bnd ,ed474 ,9 ?is view1 ,judas1 unlike ! o!r ,apo/les 7,acts ii4 #g71 0 f ! ,prov9ce ( ,judea4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 #a4 99,*ri/ rema9s 9 ,galilee499 #baj4 99,8 bre?r5 urge ,him to g up to ,j]usalem to ! ,fea/ ( ,tab]nacles ) !m2 ?is ,he decl9es to d1 b goes aft]w>ds privately499 #aaac4 99,! *ief m5 among ! ,jews look out = ,him at ! ,fea/1 & express diff]5t op9ions reg>d+ ,him499 #adbd4 99,9 ! middle ( ! fe/ival ,*ri/ goes up to ! temple & tea*es499 #bebi4 99,comm5ts ( "s ( ! p ( ,j]usalem2 ,*ri/'s reply499 #cj1 #ca4 99,diff]5t op9ions ( ! p reg>d+ ,him499 #cbcf4 99,jeal\sly ( ! ,sanh$rim1 :i* s5ds (fic]s to arre/ ,him499 #cgci4 99,*ri/'s words on ! eigh? day ( ! fea/1 & ,/4 ,john's au!ntic int]pretation499 #dj1 #da4 99,diff]5t op9ions among ! p reg>d+ ,him499 #dddi4 99,?\gh "s 7 anxi\s to arre/ ,him1 no "o dur/1 n ev5 ! (fic]s :o _h be5 s5t = t purpose2 consequ5t indignation ( ! ,prie/s & ,ph>isees499 #ejeb4 99,nicodemus int]poses 9 ,*ri/'s fav\r2 reply ( ! o!r memb]s ( ! ,sanh$rim499 #a4 ,po/ haec autem ambulabat #a4 ,aft] ^! ?+s ,jesus ,iesus 9 ,galilaeam1 non enim walk$ 9 ,galilee1 = he volebat 9 ,iudaeam ambul>e1 w\ld n walk 9 ,judea1 quia qua]ebant eum ,iudaei because ! ,jews s\ght to int]fic]e4 kill him4 #a4 ,in/ead ( 8,galilaeam10 8,judaeam10 read 8,galilea10 8,judaea0 7,abl47 9 ! ,vulgate4 ,! s5se is t ,*ri/ cont9ues to rema9 9 ,galilee4 #b4 ,erat autem 9 proximo dies #b4 ,n[ ! ,jews' fea/ ( fe/us ,iudaeorum sc5opegia4 tab]nacles 0 at h&4 #b4 ,see note on v]se #a4 #c4 ,dix]unt autem ad eum #c4 ,& 8 bre?r5 said to fratres eius3 ,transi h9c1 et him3 ,pass f h5ce & g vade 9 ,iudaeam1 ut et into ,judea3 t ?y disciples discipuli tui videant op]a also may see ?y works :i* tua1 quae facis4 ?\ do/4 #c4 99,8 bre?r5 said to him3 ,pass f h5ce1 & g into ,judea1 t ?y disciples also may see ?y works :i* ?\ do/499 ,:o are ^! bre?r5 ( ,jesus8 7#a7 ,n ! *ildr5 ( ,joseph & ,m>y1 born to !m aft] ! bir? ( our ,"l1 = ?is op9ion ( ,helvidius 0 condemn$ z h]etical 9 ! ,c\ncil ( ,lat]an 7#fdi ,a4,d471 & is oppos$ to ! univ]sal & con/ant tradition ( ! ,*ur*47#fa7 7#b7 ,n ! *ildr5 ( ,joseph by a previ\s m>riage2 = ?is op9ion too1 ?\gh n h]etical1 & ?\gh held by "s ( ! fa!rs1 is oppos$ to ! common op9ion ( ,ca?olics1 accord+ to :i* ,/4 ,joseph liv$ & di$ a virg94 7#c7 ,^! bre?r5 7 c\s9s ( our ,"l4 ,! t]m 8fratres0 77 is us$ 9 ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures ( _m :o are n *ildr5 ( ! same p>5ts4 ,?us x is us$ ( fell[c\ntrym51 ,rom4 ix4 #c1 #d2 7#b7 ( coreligioni/s1 ,rom4 i4 #ac2 7#c7 ( relations :o 7 n1 h[ev]1 memb]s ( ! same family1 ,g54 xiii4 #h1 xiv4 #d4 ,9 ^! v]ses ( ,g5esis1 ,abraham & ,lot are ref]r$ to z bre?r51 ?\gh ! =m] 0 uncle to ! latt] 7,g54 xii4 #e74 ,9 ,mat!w xiii4 #ee1 ,m>k vi4 #c1 ,james1 ,joseph1 ,simon1 & ,jude1 are nam$ z bre?r5 ( our ,"l2 b :e!r !y are ! same c\s9s :o are ref]r$ to "h by ,/4 ,john1 is disput$4 ,( ^? m5tion$ by ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k1 ,james1 ,jude1 & probably ,simon1 7 ,apo/les27#fb7 & h5ce1 on acc\nt ( v]se #e1 "s say x is n ^!1 b o!r c\s9s ( our ,"l1 :o are "h ref]r$ to by ,/4 ,john4 ,h[ev]1 !re ne$ be no difficulty ab\t admitt+ t ! fai? ( ! ,apo/les 0 /ill imp]fect1 especially if we adopt :at seems ! m probable read+ 9 vi4 #gj4 ,see ,mat!w xvii4 #ai1 #bj2 ,m>k xvi4 #ae4 ,^! bre?r5 ( ! ,"l say to ,him1 t ,he ought to g up to ,j]usalem1 :]e !re w\ld be a conc\rse ( p to witness ,8 miracles4 #d4 ,nemo quippe 9 occulto quid #d4 ,= !re is no man t facit1 et qua]it ipse 9 do? any?+ 9 secret1 & palam esse3 si haec facis1 he himself seeke? to be kn[n manife/a teipsum mundo4 op5ly4 ,if ?\ d ^! ?+s1 manife/ ?yself to ! _w4 #e4 ,neque enim fratres eius #e4 ,= nei!r did 8 cr$ebant 9 eum4 bre?r5 believe 9 him4 #e4 ,z already expla9$1 if we reg>d ! ?ree ,apo/les z includ$ among ! bre?r51 we may und]/& "h t _! fai? 0 /ill imp]fect2 if o!r c\s9s ( our ,"l are meant1 !y may h be5 :olly )\t fai?4 #f4 ,dicit ergo eis ,iesus3 #f4 ,!n ,jesus said to !m3 ,my ,tempus meum nondum adv5it3 "t is n yet come2 b y\r tempus autem ve/rum semp] "t is always ready4 e/ p>atum4 #f4 ,!re are _m op9ions z to :at is meant by ,8 "t1 "h ref]r$ to by ,*ri/4 ,"s say x is ! "t ( ,8 passion2 o!rs1 ! "t = manife/+ ,himself to ! _w2 & o!rs1 ! "t = go+ up to ,j]usalem4 ,! latt] op9ion seems to u ! mo/ natural & mo/ probable4 #g4 ,non pote/ mundus odisse #g4 ,! _w _c hate y2 vos3 me autem odit1 quia ego b me x hate?3 because ,i te/imonium p]hibeo de illo give te/imony ( x1 t ! quod op]a eius mala sunt4 works !re( are evil4 #g4 ,8 bre?r5 might g up to ,j]usalem at any "t1 = !y1 ev5 if "s ( !m 7 ,apo/les1 _h n yet incurr$ ! odium ( ! wick$ _w 7,john xv4 #ah1 #ai74 #h4 ,vos asc5dite ad diem #h4 ,g y up to ?is fe/ival fe/um hunc3 ego autem non day1 b ,i g n up to ?is asc5do ad diem fe/um i/um1 fe/ival day3 because my "t quia meum tempus nondum is n accompli%$4 impletum e/4 #i4 ,haec cum dixisset1 ipse #i4 ,:5 he _h said ^! mansit 9 ,galilaea4 ?+s1 he himself /aid 9 ,galilee4 #aj4 ,ut autem asc5d]unt #aj4 ,b aft] 8 bre?r5 fratres eius1 tunc et ipse 7 gone up1 !n he also asc5dit ad diem fe/um non w5t up to ! fea/1 n manife/e1 s$ quasi 9 op5ly1 b z x 7 9 occulto4 secret4 #haj4 ,*ri/ "h seems to say t ,he w n g up to ,j]usalem = ! fea/1 & yet ,he w5t4 ,v>i\s answ]s to ?is difficulty h be5 giv53--7#a7 ,_m anci5t ,,mss4 & v]sions1 in/ead ( 8,non 77 asc5do0 read 8,nondum 77 asc5do20 i4e41 ,i g n up yet4 ,h[ev]1 z ?is is ! easi] read+ to expla91 & z ! o!r is equally well support$ by anci5t au?ority1 we are incl9$ to believe t ! m difficult 77 is ! true read+4 ,h5ce 7#b7 o!rs say t our ,"l us$ an ambigu\s phrase3 ,i g n up1 mean+ ,i g n up n[ 7b %all g aft]w>ds74 7#c7 ,! correct explanation seems to be t ins9uat$ by our ,evangeli/4 ,*ri/ said3 ,i g n up 7z y desire1 9 y\r company1 & publicly72 !n :5 ,he w5t up1 x 0 n publicly1 b1 z x 71 9 secret4 #aa4 ,iudaei ergo qua]ebant eum #aa4 ,! ,jews !re=e s\ght 9 die fe/o1 et dicebant3 ,ubi him on ! fe/ival day & e/ ille8 said3 ,:]e is he8 #aa4 ,! lead]s ( ! ,jews seek ,him at ! fea/1 b1 ?r\gh contempt1 d n "n ,him4 #ab4 ,et murmur multum erat 9 #ab4 ,& !re 0 mu* turba de eo4 ,quidam enim murmur+ among ! multitude dicebant3 ,quia bonus e/4 ,alii conc]n+ him4 ,= "s said3 autem dicebant3 ,non1 s$ ,he is a good man4 ,& o!rs s$ucit turbas4 said3 ,no1 b he s$uce? ! p4 #ac4 ,nemo tam5 palam #ac4 ,yet no man spoke op5ly ( loquebatur de illo1 propt] him1 = fe> ( ! ,jews4 metum ,iudaeorum4 #ac4 99,op5ly99 7palam7 does n fully express ! =ce ( ! ,greek ^w1 :i* seems to mean "h ) op5 approval4 #ad4 ,iam autem die fe/o #ad4 ,n[ ab\t ! mid/ ( ! m$iante1 asc5dit ,iesus 9 fea/1 ,jesus w5t up into ! templum1 et docebat4 temple1 & taught4 #ad4 ,! fe/ival la/$ = eight days1 s t ?is w\ld be ! f\r? or fif? day4 #ae4 ,et mirabantur ,iudaei1 #ae4 ,& ! ,jews wond]$1 dic5tes3 ,quomodo hic litt]as say+3 ,h[ do? ?is man "k scit1 cum non didic]it8 lett]s1 hav+ nev] le>n$8 #ae4 ,f ?is v]se x is pla9 t ,*ri/ _h nev] att5d$ any ( ! ,jewi% s*ools1 :]e ! ,scriptures 77 7 expla9$4 #af4 ,respondit eis ,iesus1 et #af4 ,jesus answ]$ !m & dixit3 ,mea doctr9a non e/ said3 ,my doctr9e is n m9e1 mea1 s$ eius qui misit me4 b 8 t s5t me4 #af4 ,! s5se is3 ,! doctr9e ,i prea* has n be5 excogitat$ by ,me2 ,i h receiv$ x f ,my ,fa!r4 ,z man1 ,*ri/ _h receiv$ ,8 k ?r\gh ! beatific vision1 & by infusion into ,8 human s\l1 & z ,god1 ,he _h receiv$ x f ! ,fa!r f all et]nity4 #ag4 ,si quis volu]it #ag4 ,if any man w d ! voluntatem eius fac]e1 w ( him3 he %all "k ( cognoscet de doctr9a utrum ex ! doctr9e1 :e!r x be ( ,deo sit1 an ego a meipso ,god1 or :e!r ,i speak ( loqu>4 myself4 #ah4 ,qui a semetipso loquitur1 #ah4 ,he t speake? ( gloriam propriam qua]it3 qui himself1 seeke? 8 own autem qua]it gloriam eius qui glory3 b he t seeke? ! misit eum1 hic v]ax e/1 et glory ( him t s5t him1 he iniu/itia 9 illo non e/4 is true1 & !re is no inju/ice 9 him4 #ag1 #ah4 ,9 pro( t ,8 doctr9e is f ,god1 ,he appeals to two argum5ts3--7#a7 ,if !y w only foll[ ! w ( ,god1 & believe1 exp]i5ce w tea* !m t ,8 doctr9e is div9e4 7#b7 ,! fact t ,he seeks n ,8 own glory1 b ! glory ( ! ,fa!r1 is a pro( t ,8 doctr9e is ! doctr9e ( ! ,fa!r1 &1 !re=e a pro( t ,he is v]aci\s1 & does n deceive 7inju/itia 9 illo non e/74 ,?is second argum5t1 z ,mald4 po9ts out1 is bas$ ^u :at does1 n ^u :at %\ld1 happ5 among m54 ,:5 m5 prea* doctr9es ( _! own inv5tion1 !y g5]ally seek _! own glory4 #ai4 ,nonne ,moyses d$it vobis #ai4 ,did n ,moses give y ! legem3 et nemo ex vobis facit law1 & yet none ( y legem8 keepe? ! law8 #bj4 ,quid me qua]itis #bj4 ,:y seek y to kill me8 int]fic]e8 ,respondit turba1 ,! multitude answ]$ & et dixit3 ,daemonium habes3 said3 ,?\ ha/ a devil2 :o quis te qua]it int]fic]e8 seeke? to kill !e8 #ai1 #bj4 ,mo/ probably ,*ri/ beg9s "h to def5d ,himself aga9/ ! *>ge ( violat+ ! ,sabba?1 :i* ! ,jews _h br\ght aga9/ ,him on a =m] occasion 7v4 #af1 #ah71 & :i* !y /ill rememb]$ aga9/ ,him4 ,he uses an 8argum5tum ad hom9em03 ,y d n keep ! law y\rselves1 :y !n seek to kill ,me1 ev5 = :at y allege to be a violation ( x8 ,"s among ! cr[d 7 ev5 !n anxi\s to kill ,jesus1 z ,8 words prove1 & to ^! ,he directs ,8 words2 b !re 7 _m pres5t :o _h no su* int5tion1 & "s ( ^! reply1 99,?\ ha/ a devil994 ,!y may h meant t ,he 0 possess$1 or simply t ,he 0 rav+1 out ( ,8 s5ses4 #ba4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #ba4 ,jesus answ]$ & said to eis3 ,unum opus feci1 et omnes !m3 ,"o "w ,i h done2 miram9i4 & y all wond]3 #bb4 ,propt]ea ,moyses d$it #bb4 ,!re=e ,moses gave y vobis circumcisionem3 7non circumcision 7n because x quia ex ,moyse e/1 s$ ex is ( ,moses1 b ( ! patribus7 et 9 sabbato fa!rs72 & on ! sabba? circumciditis hom9em4 day y circumcise a man4 #bc4 ,si circumcisionem accipit #bc4 ,if a man receive homo 9 sabbato1 ut non circumcision on ! sabba? solvatur lex ,moysi3 mihi day1 t ! law ( ,moses may indignam9i quia totum hom9em n be brok52 are y angry sanum feci 9 sabbato8 at me because ,i h heal$ ! :ole man on ! sabba? day8 #babc4 ,he proce$s to %[ by sob] reason+1 t !y ought n to blame ,him = hav+ heal$ ! man on ! ,sabba?4 ,! 99"o "w99 ( v]se #ba is ! heal+ ( ! man on ! ,sabba? day 7v4 #i1 #af74 ,"s pref] to connect 8propt]ea0 ) v]se #ba3 8& y all wond] on acc\nt ( x40 ,b x is bett] to connect x1 z 9 ! ,vulgate1 ) :at foll[s4 ,! s5se is3 x 0 on ?is acc\nt ,moses gave y circumcision2 namely1 because x _h be5 h&$ d[n f ! ,patri>*s 7,g54 xvii4 #aj71 n because x 0 prop]ly a "p ( ! law4 ,if !n a man may receive circumcision on ! ,sabba?1 & yet ! law reg>d+ ! obs]vance ( ! ,sabba? is n violat$ !reby1 are y angry ) ,me because1 do+ ! w ( ,god1 ,i made a man :ole1 bo? body & s\l1 on ! ,sabba?8 ,9 ?is explanation1 8ut0 77 is ecbatic1 d5ot+ a consequ5ce4 ,see ,g54 xxii4 #ad2 ,john x4 #ag2 ,apoc4 xiii4 #ac4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 give ! p>ticle its ord9>y telic =ce1 & expla9 ?us3 ,if !n a man may receive circumcision on ! ,sabba?1 9 ord] t ! law comm&+ circumcision to be p]=m$ on ! eigh? day be n violat$1 are y angry1 c48 ,bo? explanations are probable1 & leave ! argum5t un*ang$4 #bd4 ,nolite iudic>e secundum #bd4 ,judge n accord+ to ! faciem1 s$ iu/um iudicium appe>ance1 b judge j iudicate4 judgm5t4 #bd4 99,accord+ to ! appe>ance992 i4e41 take no acc\nt ( p]sons1 b judge accord+ to ! m]its ( ! case4 #be4 ,dicebant ergo quidam ex #be4 ,"s !re=e ( ,i]osolymis3 ,nonne hic e/ ,j]usalem said3 ,is n ?is he quem qua]unt int]fic]e8 :om !y seek to kill8 #bf4 ,et ecce palam loquitur1 et #bf4 ,& behold he speake? nihil ei dicunt4 ,numquid v]e op5ly1 & !y say no?+ cognov]unt pr9cipes quia hic to him4 ,h ! rul]s kn[n e/ ,*ri/us8 = a tru? t ?is is ! ,*ri/8 #be1 #bf4 ,"s ( ! p ( ,j]usalem 7! correct read+ is 7 said3 c x be t !y h discov]$ t ,he is really ,*ri/8 #bg4 ,s$ hunc scimus unde sit3 #bg4 ,b we "k ?is man ,*ri/us autem cum v5]it1 :5ce he is3 b :5 ! nemo scit unde scit4 ,*ri/ come?1 no man kn[e? :5ce he is4 #bg4 ,& yet ?is _c be1 = we "k ?is man :5ce he is2 b :5 ! ,*ri/ come? no man kn[e? :5ce ,he is4 ,?is errone\s op9ion ( !irs may h aris5 f ,mi*eas1 v4 #b3 8,8 go+ =? is f ! beg9n+ f ! days ( et]nity20 & ,mal4 iii4 #b3 8,& :o %all be able to ?9k ( ! day ( ,8 com+80 #bh4 ,clamabat ergo ,iesus 9 #bh4 ,jesus !re=e cri$ out templo doc5s1 et dic5s3 ,et 9 ! temple1 tea*+ & me scitis1 et unde sim scitis3 say+3 ,y bo? "k me1 & et a meipso non v5i1 s$ e/ y "k :5ce ,i am1 & ,i am v]us qui misit me1 quem vos n come ( myself2 b he nescitis4 t s5t me is true1 :om y "k n4 #bh4 ,! mean+ is3 ,y "k ,me z man1 & y "k ,my p>5ts1 & yet ,i come n ( ,my own au?ority1 b s5t by ,my ,fa!r1 :o !re9 %[s ,himself true to ,8 promises4 #bi4 ,ego scio eum3 quia ab ipso #bi4 ,i "k him1 because ,i am sum1 et ipse me misit4 f him1 & he ha? s5t me4 #bi4 ,he decl>es ,8 ,div9e k ( ! ,fa!r1 ,8 et]nal g5]ation1 & mission 9 "t4 #cj4 ,qua]ebant ergo eum #cj4 ,!y s\ght !re=e to appreh5d]e3 et nemo misit 9 appreh5d him3 & no man laid illum manus1 quia nondum h&s on him1 because 8 h\r v5]at hora eius4 0 n yet come4 #cj4 ,!y rightly und]/& ,him to claim to be ,div9e1 & z a consequ5ce seek to appreh5d ,him2 b ! "t = ,8 suff]+s _h n yet arriv$1 & s !y 7 p[]less4 #ca4 ,de turba autem multi #ca4 ,b ( ! p _m cr$id]unt 9 eum1 et believ$ 9 him1 & said3 dicebant3 ,*ri/us cum ,:5 ! ,*ri/ come?1 %all v5]it1 numquid plura signa he d m miracles ?an ^! faciet quam quae hic facit8 :i* ?is man do?8 #ca4 ,_m ( ! multitude--9 contra/ ) _! lead]s--believ$ 9 ,him4 99,:5 ! ,*ri/ come?1 %all he991 c4 ,! "q1 expect+1 z x does1 a negative answ] 7numquid71 sugge/s t ,jesus mu/ be ! ,*ri/4 #cb4 ,audi]unt ph>isaei turbam #cb4 ,! ,ph>isees he>d ! murmurantem de illo haec3 et p murmur+ ^! ?+s mis]unt pr9cipes et conc]n+ him3 & ! rul]s ph>isaei m9i/ros1 ut & ,ph>isees s5t m9i/]s appreh5d]5t eum4 to appreh5d him4 #cb4 99,rul]s991 r *ief prie/s 774 ,! 99m9i/]s99 7 (fic]s att5dant ^u ! ,sanh$rim1 or engag$ ab\t ! temple4 ,see v]ses #de1 #df2 xiii4 #c1 #ah1 #bb2 xix4 #f2 ,acts v4 #bb1 #bf4 ,z ! ,sanh$rim 0 made up ( *ief prie/s1 ,ph>isees1 & ,scribes1 probably x 0 ! ,sanh$rim t s5t ^! m9i/]s to appreh5d ,*ri/4 #cc4 ,dixit ergo eis ,iesus3 #cc4 ,jesus !re=e said to ,adhuc modicum tempus vobiscum !m3 ,yet a little :ile ,i am sum3 et vado ad eum qui me ) y3 & !n ,i g to misit4 him t s5t me4 #cc4 ,omit 8eis0 7to !m74 ,*ri/'s words 7 probably direct$ n m]ely to ! m9i/]s1 b to all ! p4 99,yet a little :ile ,i am ) y991 i4e41 almo/ six mon?s m aft] ?is fea/ ( ,tab]nacles1 & !n ,he w\ld g to ! ,fa!r4 #cd4 ,qua]etis me1 et non #cd4 ,y %all seek me1 & inv5ietis3 et ubi ego sum vos %all n f9d me3 & :]e ,i non pote/is v5ire4 am1 ?i!r y _c come4 #cd4 99,y %all seek me1 & %all n f9d me499 ,"s ?9k ^! words 7 fulfill$ at ! siege ( ,j]usalem1 :5 _m ( ! ,jews mu/ h look$ 9 va9 = help f ,him :om !y _h put to dea?4 ,o!rs1 l ,maldonatus1 say ! /atem5t is conditional3 ev5 if y s\ght me1 y %\ld n f9d me1 aft] a little :ile4 ,s9ce ! same words3 8,y %all seek me10 7 aft]w>ds address$ to ! ,apo/les 7xiii4 #cc71 x is n likely t ! ref]5ce is to seek+ ,him at ! de/ruction ( ,j]usalem1 = ! ,apo/les did n seek ,him !n4 ,x w\ld also seem f xiii4 #cc t ! view ( ,maldonatus j /at$ is n probable1 = 9 xiii4 #cc !re is n a conditional /atem5t1 b simply a pr$iction t ! ,apo/les w\ld seek ,him4 ,h5ce we take x t 9 ! text be=e u also1 !re is a pr$iction t ! ,jews aft] ,8 dep>ture w\ld1 :5 9 di/ress & tribulation1 desire to see ,him once m among !m4 ,d\btless1 _m ,jews aft]w>ds _h su* a desire1 b x 0 9 va91 = ,he _h gone to ,him t s5t ,him4 99,& :]e ,i am99 7 %all be7 99?i!r y _c come994 ,^! words too 7 aft]w>ds address$ to ! ,apo/les 7xiii4 #cc71 & we believe 9 ! same s5se z "h4 ,! mean+ is t until dea? at lea/ ! sep>ation w\ld be complete1 = ,he w\ld be no long] "h1 & :]e ,he w\ld be !y c\ld n jo9 ,him4 ,"s take ! words3 8,y _c come10 z mean+ "h t ! ,jews on acc\nt ( _! s9s c\ld nev] ent] heav54 ,b s9ce1 z we h said1 ! same words 7 aft]w>ds address$ to ! ,apo/les1 ! view we h adopt$ seems m probable4 #ce4 ,dix]unt ergo ,iudaei ad #ce4 ,! ,jews !re=e said1 semetipsos3 ,quo hic iturus among !mselves3 ,:i!r w e/1 quia non inv5iemus eum8 he g1 t we %all n f9d numquid 9 disp]sionem him8 w he g unto ! g5tium iturus e/1 et disp]s$ among ! g5tiles1 docturus g5tes8 & tea* ! g5tiles8 #ce4 99,! disp]s$ among ! ,g5tiles991 i4e41 ! ,jews scatt]$ among ! ,g5tiles1 or m probably ! ,g5tiles !mselves 71 n 7 scatt]$ ov] ! _w4 ,! conclud+ words ( ! v]se3 8& tea* ! ,g5tiles0 r5d] ! latt] view ! m probable4 #cf4 ,quis e/ hic s]mo1 quem #cf4 ,:at is ?is say+ t dixit3 ,qua]etis me1 et non he ha? said3 ,y %all seek inv5ietis3 et ubi sum ego1 me1 & %all n f9d me2 & vos non pote/is v5ire8 :]e ,i am1 y _c come8 #cg4 ,9 novissimo autem die #cg4 ,& on ! la/ & magno fe/ivitatis1 /abat great day ( ! fe/ivity1 ,iesus1 et clamabat1 dic5s3 ,si ,jesus /ood & cri$1 say+3 quis sitit1 v5iat ad me1 et ,if any man ?ir/1 let him bibat4 come to me1 & dr9k4 #ch4 ,qui cr$it 9 me1 sicut #ch4 ,he t believe? 9 me1 dicit scriptura1 flum9a de z ! scripture sai?1 ,out v5tre eius flu5t aquae ( 8 belly %all fl[ riv]s vivae4 ( liv+ wat]4 #cg1 #ch4 ,on ! la/ day1 ! great day ( ! fea/1 t is1 ! eigh? day1 ,jesus cri$ al\d to ! p assembl$ at ! temple4 ,8 words mean3 ,if anyone ?ir/ spiritually1 let him come to ,me by fai?1 & grace %all be abundantly p\r$ into 8 s\l4 ,! words3 99,out ( 8 belly991 c41 are n[h]e to be f\nd 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 b1 z signify+ ! abundance ( grace 9 ! new disp5sation1 !y convey ! s5se ( _m passages ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,see ,is4 xli4 #ah1 xliv4 #c42 ,eze*4 xxxvi4 #be2 ,joel ii4 #bh4 #ci4 ,hoc autem dixit de #ci4 ,n[ ?is he said ( ! ,spiritu1 quem accepturi erant ,_s :i* !y %\ld cr$5tes 9 eum3 nondum enim receive :o believ$ 9 him3 erat ,spiritus datus1 quia = z yet ! ,_s 0 n ,iesus nondum erat giv51 because ,jesus 0 n glorificatus4 yet glorifi$4 #ci4 ,! ,evangeli/ gives an au!ntic int]pretation ( our ,"l's words3 99,= z yet ! ,_s 0 n giv5994 ,^! words expla9 :y our ,"l spoke ( ! abundant outp\r+ ( ! ,_s z /ill to come1 = ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 n yet giv51 inasmu* z ,*ri/ 0 n yet glorifi$ 7xvi4 #g74 ,:5 x is said t ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 n yet giv51 ! mean+ is1 t ,he 0 n yet giv5 s abundantly1 s manife/ly1 or s univ]sally1 z ,he has be5 s9ce ! fir/ ,p5teco/4 ,x is n meant t ! ,holy ,gho/ _h n be5 giv5 to ! j ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,!y1 z well z we1 _h ! grace ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 9 _! s\ls2 moreov]1 accord+ to ! common tea*+ ( ! fa!rs & !ologians1 !y1 l ! j n[1 _h ! ,holy ,gho/ unit$ to _! s\ls1 n m]ely by ,8 grace1 b also by a sub/antial union4 ,?is union is n1 h[ev]1 peculi> to ! ,holy ,gho/1 b is common to ! ,?ree ,div9e ,p]sons1 by reason ( _! unity ( nature1 & is only by appropriation attribut$ to ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,see ,franz41 ,de ,tr941 la/ ,disp42 ,corl41 pp4 #aih1 #aii4 #dj4 ,ex illa ergo turba cum #dj4 ,( t multitude audiss5t hos s]mones eius1 !re=e1 :5 !y _h he>d dicebant3 ,hic e/ v]e ^! words ( 81 "s said3 propheta4 ,?is is ! prophet inde$4 #da4 ,alii dicebant3 ,hic e/ #da4 ,o!rs said3 ,?is is ! ,*ri/us4 ,quidam autem ,*ri/4 ,b "s said3 ,do? dicebant3 ,numquid a ,galilaea ! ,*ri/ come out ( v5it ,*ri/us8 ,galilee8 #db4 ,nonne scriptura dicit3 #db4 ,do? n ! scripture ,quia ex sem9e ,david1 et de say3 ,t ,*ri/ come? out ( ,be?lehem ca/ello1 ubi erat ! se$ ( ,david1 & f ,david1 v5it ,*ri/us8 ,be?lehem ! t[n :]e ,david 08 #dc4 ,diss5sio itaqua facta e/ #dc4 ,s !re arose a 9 turba propt] eum4 diss5sion among ! p because ( him4 #dd4 ,quidam autem ex ipsis #dd4 ,& "s ( !m w\ld volebant appreh5d]e eum3 s$ h appreh5d$ him3 b no nemo misit sup] eum manus4 man laid h&s ^u him4 #djdd4 ,! ,evangeli/ notes ! diff]5ce ( op9ion among ! cr[d4 ,"s believ$ ,him to be ! ,prophet promis$ to ,moses 7,deut4 xviii4 #ah72 o!rs 7wrongly di/+ui%+ betwe5 ! ,prophet & ! ,messias7 held ,him to be ! ,messias2 o!rs d\bt$ 7v]se #da72 o!rs rema9$ :olly incr$ul\s 7v]se #dd74 ,9 v]se #db1 ?ree diff]5t passages ( ,sacr$ ,scripture are comb9$3 8( ! se$ ( ,david0 7,is4 xi4 #a72 8f ,be?lehem0 7,mi*4 v4 #b72 8! t[n :]e ,david 00 7#a ,k+s xvii4 #ab74 #de4 ,v5]unt ergo m9i/ri ad #de4 ,! m9i/]s !re=e pontifices et ph>isaeos4 ,et came to ! *ief prie/s & dix]unt eis illi3 ,qu>e non ! ,ph>isees4 ,& !y said adduxi/is illum8 to !m3 ,:y h y n br\ght him8 #df4 ,respond]unt m9i/ri3 #df4 ,! m9i/]s answ]$3 ,numquam sic locutus e/ homo1 ,nev] did man speak l ?is sicut hic homo4 man4 #dg4 ,respond]unt ergo eis #dg4 ,! ,ph>isees !re=e ph>isaei2 numquid et vos answ]$ !m3 ,are y also s$ucti e/is8 s$uc$8 #dh4 ,numquid ex pr9cipibus #dh4 ,ha? any "o ( ! rul]s aliquis cr$idit 9 eum1 aut believ$ 9 him1 or ( ! ex ph>isaeis8 ,ph>isees8 #di4 ,s$ turba haec1 quae non #di4 ,b ?is multitude t novit legem mal$icti sunt4 kn[e? n ! law1 are accurs$4 #dedi4 ,! (fic]s1 :o _h be5 s5t a few days be=e to appreh5d ,*ri/ 7see above1 #ad1 #cb71 or p]haps o!r (fic]s1 return & be> fav\rable te/imony to ,him1 = :i* !y are rebuk$ by ! ,ph>isees4 #ej4 ,dixit ,nicodemus ad eos1 #ej4 ,nicodemus said to !m1 he ille qui v5it ad eum nocte1 t came to him by night1 :o qui unus erat ex ipsis4 0 "o ( !m4 #ea4 ,numquid lex no/ra iudicat #ea4 ,do? our law judge any hom9em nisi prius audi]it ab man1 unless x fir/ he> him1 ipso1 et cognov]it quid & "k :at he do?8 faciat8 #eb4 ,respond]unt1 et dix]unt #eb4 ,!y answ]$ & said to ei3 ,numquid et tu ,galilaeus him3 ,art ?\ also a ,galilean8 es8 ,scrut>e scripturas1 et ,se>* ! scriptures1 & see vide quia a ,galilaea propheta t out ( ,galilee a prophet non surgit4 rise? n4 #ejeb4 ,nicodemus 7iii4 #a1 #b7 int]poses 9 ,*ri/'s fav\r2 to :om ! memb]s ( ! ,sanh$rim impati5tly reply t no prophet _h ev] aris5 9 ,galilee1 ?us dispos+1 z !y ?\ght1 ( ,*ri/'s claim to be a prophet4 ,b !y 7 wrong 9 _! assumption t ,*ri/ _h be5 born 9 ,galilee 7see ,luke ii4 #dg71 & equally wrong 9 ! conclusion !y drew t1 be+ a ,galilean1 ,he c\ld n be a prophet4 ,= ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures _h n[h]e said t a prophet c\ld n arise 9 ,galilee2 nay1 !y prove t ! prophet ,jonas 0 a ,galilean1 #d ,k+s1 xiv4 #be4 #ec4 ,et rev]si sunt #ec4 ,& e man return$ to unusquisque 9 domum suam4 8 own h\se4 #ec4 ,see next *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 #ab4 99,*ri/ hav+ sp5t ! night on ! ,m\nt ( ,olives1 returns 9 ! morn+ to ! temple & tea*es499 #caa4 99,! /ory ( ! woman tak5 9 adult]y499 #abbj4 99,disc\rse ( ,*ri/ ) ! ,ph>isees 9 ! treasury499 #babi4 99,he upbraids !m = _! incr$ulity1 & =etells ,8 own crucifixion499 #cjej4 99,_m believ$ 9 ,him1 b o!rs rema9$ incr$ul\s 7#cc71 & to ^! ,he says t !y are n ! *ildr5 ( ,abraham1 b ( ! devil499 #eaei4 99,*all5g$ by ! ,jews1 ,he decl>es ,himself great] ?an ,abraham2 & :5 !y 7 ab\t to /one ,him = ?is decl>ation1 ,he hides ,himself499 ,au!nticity ( ,john vii4 #ecviii4 #aa4 ,?is is ! second ( ! ?ree passages 9 our ,gospel1 ^: au!nticity has be5 s]i\sly que/ion$4 ,see ,introd4 ,,vi4 ,we %all sum up ! evid5ce by :i* ! critical "q mu/ be decid$1 & !n say :at we ?9k z to ! g5u95ess ( ! passage4 ,evid5ce aga9/ ,au!nticity4 #a4 ,manuscripts4--,! passage is want+ 9 ! f\r olde/ ,greek ,,mss4 t we possess1 viz41 9 ,b1 1 ,a1 ,c2 ! two =m] ( :i* are ?\ght by critics to belong to ! f\r?1 & ! two latt]1 to ! fif? c5tury2 also 9 f\r o!r uncial ,,mss41 9 m ?an sixty cursives1 & 9 ?irty?ree ,evangeli/>ies47#fc7 ,9 ab\t fifty o!r ,,mss41 ?\gh read1 x is m>k$ z d\btful4 #b4 ,v]sions4--,x is want+ 9 ! be/ ,,mss4 ( ! 8,vetus ,itala20 9 ! 8,simple0 & 8,figur$0 ,syriac2 9 mo/ ,,mss4 ( ! ,coptic2 9 all ( ,go?ic1 & 9 "s ( ! ,arm5ian4 #c4 ,fa!rs4--,! passage is n comm5t$ ^u by any ( ! ,greek fa!rs t wrote ^u ?is ,gospel4 #d4 ,int]nal evid5ce is said to prove ! passage spuri\s1 because ( ! use ( _m words & phrases n else:]e us$ by ,/4 ,john47#fd7 ,evid5ce 9 fav\r ( ,au!nticity4 #a4 ,manuscripts4--,! passage is f\nd 9 sev5 uncial ,,mss4 7"o ( :i*1 ,d1 ?\gh itself only ( ! six? c5tury1 is ?\ght to repres5t ! text ( ! ,gospels z x /ood 9 ! second c5tury72 9 m ?an ?ree hundr$ cursives1 & 9 six ,evangeli/>ies4 #b4 ,v]sions4--,! passage is f\nd 9 ! ,lat9 ,vulgate1 9 ! ,arabic1 ,p]sian1 ,e?iopic1 ,syriac ( ,j]usalem1 ,slavic1 & ,anglo,saxon4 #c4 ,fa!rs4--,! passage is read by ne>ly all ! ,lat9 fa!rs--,ambrose1 ,augu/9e1 ,j]ome1 ,leo ! ,great1 ,*rysologus1 ,s$ulius1 ,cassiodorus1 c42 & 9 ! ,apo/olic ,con/itutions1 a "w ( ! ?ird1 or1 at ! late/1 ! f\r? c5tury4 #d4 ,int]nal ,evid5ce--7a7 ,*ri/'s m]ciful treatm5t ( ! adult]ess h>monizes beautifully ) ,8 decl>ation imm$iately aft] 7viii4 #ae71 t at ,8 fir/ com+ ,he condemn$ no man4 7b7 ,x is inconceivable h[ a passage ( ?is nature c\ld ev] h f\nd its way into s _m ,,mss41 unless x 0 writt5 by ,/4 ,john4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is easy to see h[1 ?\gh g5u9e1 x came to be omitt$ 9 _m ,,mss41 ?r\gh ! fe> t ,*ri/'s m]ciful treatm5t ( ! adult]ess might enc\rage s9n]s4 ,?is is exactly :at ,/4 ,augu/9e says3--8,nonnulli modicae fidei1 vel potius inimici v]ae fidei1 cr$o metu5tes pecc&i impunitatem d>i muli]ibus suis1 illud quod de adult]ae indulg5tia ,dom9us fecit1 ab/ul]unt de codicibus suis1 quasi p]missionem pecc&i tribu]it qui dixit3 #8,jam de9ceps noli pecc>e' 0 7,/4 ,aug41 ,de ,conj4 ,adult41 #b1 #g74 ,z reg>ds ! argum5ts aga9/ ! passage1 we believe t ! reason giv5 by ,/4 ,augu/9e 9 ! words j quot$1 expla9s ! abs5ce ( ! passage 9 s _m ,,mss41 v]sions1 & fa!rs4 ,z to ! int]nal argum5ts aga9/ ! passage1 x mu/ be admitt$ t a numb] ( words are us$ "h :i* are n met ) else:]e 9 ! writ+s ( ,/4 ,john2 b !n ! subject is peculi>1 & besides 9 _m o!r passages :i* are unque/ion$1 we meet ) sev]al words n us$ else:]e by ! ,evangeli/47#fe7 ,ev5 ,r5an admits t !re is no?+ 9 ! passage t is at v>iance ) ! /yle ( ! f\r? ,gospel47#ff7 ,conclusion4 ,f ! evid5ce1 :i* has be5 imp>tially laid be=e ! read]1 we hold we are ju/ifi$ 9 conclud+ t ev5 on m]e critical gr\nds ! passage is m probably g5u9e4 ,"s1 z ,franzel9 7,de ,sacra4 ,script41 ,!s4 xix41 pp4 #dff1 #dfg71 g f>!r1 & hold1 t s9ce ! decree ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t 7,sess4 iv471 :i* def9$ all ! sacr$ books ( ! ,bible1 & all _! p>ts1 z f\nd 9 ! ,lat9 ,vulgate1 to be canonical1 x is n lawful = any ,ca?olic to "q ! au!nticity ( ?is passage4 ,!y argue t ?is passage con/itutes a "p 7n m]ely a 8p>ticula07 ( ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,john1 & is1 !re=e1 cov]$ by ! decree ( ,tr5t4 ,nor c x be said 9 reply t ! ,c\ncil1 9 ! words 8cum omnibus suis p>tibus10 meant to def9e ! au!nticity ( ! ,deut]ocanonical fragm5ts ( ! ,old ,te/am5t only1 = ! ,acts7#fg7 ( ! ,c\ncil %[ t ^! words 7 int5d$ to ref] especially to ! fragm5ts ( ! ,gospels4 ,to conclude1 !n1 we hold t we are n only critically ju/ifi$ 9 accept+ ,john vii4 #ecviii4 #aa1 z au!ntic1 b t x is extremely probable t z ,ca?olics we are b\nd to accept x4 ,text4 #a4 ,iesus autem p]rexit 9 #a4 ,& ,jesus w5t unto m\nt montem ,oliveti3 ,olivet4 #a4 ,9 contra/ to ^? :o retir$ to _! homes 7vii4 #ec71 ,jesus retir$ to ,m\nt ,olivet1 :]e ,he (t5 sp5t ! night 9 pray] 7,luke xxi4 #cg2 vi4 #ab74 ,m\nt ,olivet1 sep>at$ f ,j]usalem by ! brook ( ,c$ron1 0 a ,sabba? day's j\rney f ! ,city 7,acts i4 #ab72 t is to say1 ab\t sev5 & ahalf /adia1 & !re=e less ?an an ,engli% mile4 #b4 ,et diluculo it]um v5it 9 #b4 ,& e>ly 9 ! morn+ he templum1 et omnis populus came aga9 into ! temple1 v5it ad eum1 et s$5s & all ! p came to docebat eos4 him1 & sitt+ d[n he taught !m4 #b4 ,e>ly on ! morn+ t foll[$ ! eight days ( ! ,fea/ ( ,tab]nacles 7see vii4 #cg71 ,he came aga9 to ! temple1 & all ! p :o 7 assembl$ 9 ! ,city f ! v>i\s p>ts ( ,pale/9e1 came to ,him1 & ,he 0 tea*+ !m4 #c4 ,adducunt autem scribae et #c4 ,& ! scribes & ph>isaei muli]em 9 ,ph>isees br+ unto him a adult]io depreh5sam3 et woman tak5 9 adult]y2 & /atu]unt eam 9 m$io4 !y set h] 9 ! mid/1 #c4 ,:ile ,jesus 0 engag$ 9 tea*+ ! p1 ! ,ph>isees br+ to him a woman :o _h be5 caught 9 adult]y1 999 ! v act991 z we le>n f ! ,greek ( v]se #d4 #d4 ,et dix]unt ei3 ,magi/]1 #d4 ,& said to him3 ,ma/]1 haec muli] modo depreh5sa ?is woman 0 ev5 n[ tak5 e/ 9 adult]io4 9 adult]y4 #e4 ,9 lege autem ,moyses #e4 ,n[ ,moses 9 ! law m&avit nobis huiusmodi comm&$ u to /one su* a lapid>e4 ,tu ergo quid dicis8 "o4 ,b :at saye/ ?\8 #e4 ,x is n /at$ any:]e 9 ! ,p5tateu* t ! adult]] & adult]ess %\ld be /on$1 b x is1 t !y %\ld be put to dea? 7,lev4 xx4 #aj74 ,d\btless ! dea? 0 by /on+1 z is indicat$ 9 ,eze*4 xvi4 #chdj4 #f4 ,hoc autem dicebant #f4 ,& ?is !y said1 t5tantes eum1 ut poss5t tempt+ him1 t !y might accus>e eum4 ,iesus autem accuse him4 ,b ,jesus b[+ incl9ans se deorsum1 digito himself d[n1 wrote ) 8 scribebat 9 t]ra4 f+] on ! gr\nd4 #f4 ,!y hop$ to entrap our ,"l2 = if he acquitt$ ! woman !y c\ld *>ge him ) be+ an adv]s>y ( ! ,mosaic ,law 7,lev4 xx4 #aj72 :ile if ,he condemn$ h] to dea?1 !y c\ld *>ge ,him ) defy+ ! ,roman ,law1 :i* at ?is "t d5i$ to ! ,jews ! "r ( inflict+ capital puni%m5t 7,john xviii4 #ca74 ,:at ,jesus wrote x is impossible to say4 ,probably x 0 ,8 int5tion to signify by ?is turn+ away to some?+ else t ,he wi%$ n to h any?+ to d ) ! matt] 9 "q4 #g4 ,cum ergo p]sev]>5t #g4 ,:5 !re=e !y int]rogantes eum1 erexit se1 cont9u$ ask+ him1 he et dixit eis3 ,qui s9e peccato lift$ up himself & said to e/ ve/rum1 primus 9 illam !m3 ,he t is )\t s9 lapidem mittat4 among y1 let him fir/ ca/ a /one at h]4 #g4 99,let him fir/ ca/ a /one at h]499 ,! deep wisdom ( ?is answ] gave !m no gr\nd = *>g+ ,him ) opposition to any law1 & at ! same "t ref]r$ !m to _! own guilty consci5ces4 ,he does n say t s9n]s may n be puni%$ by s9n]s1 b implies t x 0 n seemly t !y :o 7 guilty ( ! same or great] s9s %\ld be ! accus]s ( ! poor wret* :o /ood be=e !m4 #h4 ,et it]um se incl9ans1 #h4 ,& aga9 /oop+ d[n1 he scribebat 9 t]ra4 wrote on ! gr\nd4 #h4 ,hav+ %am$ !m by ?is appeal to ! tribunal ( _! consci5ce1 ,he aga9 /oop$ d[n to write1 probably to af=d !m an opportunity to dep>t4 #i4 ,audi5tes autem unus po/ #i4 ,b !y he>+ ?is unum exibant1 incipi5tes a w5t out "o by "o1 beg9n+ s5ioribus3 et remansit solus at ! elde/4 ,& ,jesus alone ,iesus1 et muli] 9 m$io rema9$1 & ! woman /ans4 /&+ 9 ! mid/4 #aj4 ,erig5s autem se ,iesus1 #aj4 ,!n ,jesus lift+ up dixit ei3 ,muli]1 ubi sunt qui himself1 said to h]3 ,woman1 te accusabant8 nemo te :]e are !y t accus$ condemnavit8 !e8 ,ha? no man condemn$ !e8 #aa4 ,quae dixit3 ,nemo1 ,dom9e4 #aa4 ,:o said3 ,no man1 ,"l4 ,dixit autem ,iesus3 ,nec ego te ,& ,jesus said3 ,nei!r w ,i condemnabo3 vade1 et iam condemn !e4 ,g1 & n[ s9 amplius noli pecc>e4 no m4 #aa4 99,nei!r w ,i condemn !e4 ,g1 & n[ s9 no m499 ,d\btless ! treatm5t ( h] accus]s by ,*ri/1 & abundant grace p\r$ into h] s\l1 _h already mov$ ! woman's he>t to rep5tance1 & ,*ri/1 ex]cis+ ,8 ,div9e p[]1 absolv$ h] f h] s94 ,he did n condemn h]1 b1 9 tell+ h] to s9 no m1 ,he %[$ t %e _h done :at 0 wrong1 & w>n$ h] z to ! future4 ,?us ! incid5t %[s ! b\ndless m]cy ( ,*ri/ = s9n]s1 ,8 hatr$ ( s91 &1 :at ,/4 ,john probably _h *iefly be=e 8 m9d 9 record+ x1 ,*ri/'s ,div9e p[] to =give s94 #ab4 ,it]um ergo locutus e/ #ab4 ,aga9 !re=e ,jesus eis ,iesus1 dic5s4 ,ego sum lux spoke to !m1 say+3 ,i am mundi3 qui sequitur me non ! light ( ! _w3 he ambulat 9 t5ebris1 s$ t foll[e? me1 walke? n habebit lum5 vitae4 9 d>kness1 b %all h ! light ( life4 #ab4 ,we d n "k :e!r ?is is a new disc\rse1 or only a cont9uation ( t ref]r$ to above 9 v]se #b4 ,on ,*ri/'s words "h record$1 see above on i4 #e4 ,!y foll[ ,*ri/1 :o believe 9 ,him1 & obey ,him4 #ac4 ,dix]unt ergo ei #ac4 ,! ,ph>isees !re=e ph>isaei3 ,tu de teipso said to him3 ,?\ give/ te/imonium p]hibes3 te/imony ( ?yself3 ?y te/imonium tuum non e/ te/imony is n true4 v]um4 #ac4 99,?y te/imony is n true992 t is to say1 is n juridical1 su* z ought to be accept$4 #ad4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #ad4 ,jesus answ]$1 & said eis3 ,et si ego te/imonium to !m3 ,al?\gh ,i give p]hibeo de meipso1 v]um e/ te/imony ( myself1 my te/imonium meum3 quia scio te/imony is true3 ,= ,i "k unde v5i1 et quo vado3 vos :5ce ,i came1 & :i!r ,i autem nescitis unde v5io1 aut g3 b y "k n :5ce ,i quo vado4 come1 or :i!r ,i g4 #ad4 ,*ri/'s answ] is3 ?\gh ,i be> te/imony ( ,myself1 ,my te/imony %\ld be accept$1 because ,i am ,god 7,i "k :5ce ,i came1 & :i!r ,i g72 selfint]e/ & selflove c h no influ5ce on ,me1 s z to w>p ,my judgm5t or weak5 ,my te/imony4 #ae4 ,vos secundum c>nem #ae4 ,y judge accord+ to ! iudicatis3 ego non iudico fle%3 ,i judge n any man4 quemquam3 #ae4 99,y judge accord+ to ! fle%992 i4e41 accord+ to appe>ances1 z ?\gh ,i 7 a m]e man2 or1 m probably1 accord+ to y\r c>nal ideas 7,rom4 viii4 #df72 ?9k+ ,me an impo/or1 y condemn ,me4 99,i judge n any man499 ,! s5se is t ,*ri/ at ,8 fir/ com+1 condemn$ no "o1 = x is ( ! judgm5t ( condemnation !re is "q1 accord+ to :at seems ! mo/ probable view4 ,comp>e iii4 #ag2 xii4 #dg4 #af4 ,et si iudico ego1 iudicium #af4 ,& if ,i d judge1 my meum v]um e/1 quia solus non judgm5t is true3 because ,i am sum3 s$ ego1 et qui misit me1 n alone1 b ,i & ! ,pat]4 ,fa!r t s5t me4 #af4 ,! mean+ is3 if ,i did judge1 ,my judgm5t w\ld be j1 because n ! judgm5t ( a m]e man1 b id5tical ) ! judgm5t ( ,my ,fa!r4 ,see x4 #cj2 xiv4 #aj4 #ag4 ,et 9 lege ve/ra scriptum #ag4 ,& 9 y\r law x is e/1 quia duorum hom9um writt51 t ! te/imony ( te/imonium v]um e/4 two m5 is true4 #ag4 444 1 indicate ! transition 9 :i* ,he passes f speak+ ( condemnation to speak ( ,8 te/imony4 ,y\r law1 ,he says1 requires & is satisfi$ ) two ,witnesses 7,deut4 xvii4 #f74 #ah4 ,ego sum qui te/imonium #ah4 ,i am "o t give p]hibeo de meipso3 et te/imony ( myself3 & ! te/imonium p]hibet de me1 ,fa!r t s5t me1 give? qui misit me1 ,pat]4 te/imony ( me4 #ah4 ,n[1 two be> te/imony to ,me4 ,two ,p]sons bore te/imony t ! man ,*ri/1 :o spoke to ! ,jews1 0 ,god4 ,! ,son ,himself1 z ,god bore ?is te/imony by ^w & "w1 & ! ,fa!r by ! miracles t ,he gave ! ,son to p]=m 7v4 #cf74 #ai4 ,dicebant ergo ei3 ,ubi e/ #ai4 ,!y said !re=e to ,pat] tuus8 ,respondit ,iesus3 him3 ,:]e is ?y ,fa!r8 ,neque me scitis1 neque ,patrem ,jesus answ]$3 ,nei!r me d meum3 si me sciretis =sitan y "k1 nor my ,fa!r3 if et ,patrem meum sciretis4 y did "k me1 p]haps y w\ld "k my ,fa!r also4 #ai4 ,to _! "q ,jesus answ]s3 99,nei!r me d y "k1 nor my ,fa!r994 ,! s5se is3 ,y "k n :o ,i am1 t ,i am ,god2 if y knew & recognis$ ,me to be ,god1 y w\ld also "k :o ,my ,fa!r is1 t ,he mu/ be ,god2 & ?us y w\ld "k ! answ] to y\r "q1 s9ce ,god dwells 9 heav54 ,on ! use ( 8=sitan10 see above on iv4 #aj4 #bj4 ,haec v]ba locutus e/ #bj4 ,^! words ,jesus spoke 9 ,iesus 9 gazophylacio1 doc5s ! treasury1 tea*+ 9 ! 9 templo3 et nemo appreh5dit temple3 & no man laid h&s eum1 quia necdum v5]at hora on him1 because 8 h\r 0 eius4 n yet come4 #bj4 ,! ,greek ^w translat$ by 8treasury0 is 1 d]iv$ f ! ,p]sian gaza 7money71 & 7to gu>d74 ,?is treasury 0 a *e/ or safe = hold+ money 7see ,luke xxi4 #a71 b by metonymy ! "n 0 giv5 to ! cloi/] 9 :i* x /ood4 ,?is cloi/] 0 9 ! c\rt ( ! wom54 ,see above on ii4 #ad4 #ba4 ,dixit ergo it]um eis #ba4 ,aga9 !re=e ,jesus said ,iesus3 ,ego vado1 et qua]etis to !m3 ,i g1 & y %all me1 et 9 peccato ve/ro seek me1 & y %all die 9 moriem9i4 ,quo ego vado1 vos y\r s94 ,:i!r ,i g1 y non pote/is v5ire8 _c come4 #ba4 ,x is d\btful :e!r ?is is a cont9uation ( ! prec$+1 or a new disc\rse4 ,= ! mean+ ( ! v]se1 see above on vii4 #cd4 ,! p>ticul> s9 ref]r$ to "h is infidelity2 b dy+ 9 infidelity1 meant dy+ 9 _m s9s besides2 & h5ce ! plural s9s1 is us$ 9 v]se #bd4 #bb4 ,dicebant ergo ,iudaei3 #bb4 ,! ,jews !re=e said3 ,numquid int]ficiet ,w he kill himself1 because semetipsum1 quia dixit3 ,quo he said3 ,:i!r ,i g1 y ego vado1 vos non pote/is _c come8 v5ire8 #bb4 ,josephus 7,de ,bello ,jud41 iii4 #h1 #e7 tells u t ! ,ph>isees believ$ t ! l[e/ dep?s ( hell are res]v$ = suicides4 ,! words ( ?is v]se may ref] to t sup]/ition2 z if !y said3 does ,he mean to g into ! dep?s ( hell1 :]e we ! *ildr5 ( ,abraham _c1 ( c\rse1 foll[ ,him8 ,b ! m simple explanation is3 ,he _c escape f u :]ev] ,he may g on ?is e>?4 ,does ,he !n mean to take ,8 own life1 t s ,he may be out ( our rea*8 #bc4 ,et dicebat eis3 ,vos de #bc4 ,& he said to !m3 ,y deorsum e/is1 ego de sup]nis are f b5ea?1 ,i am f sum4 ,vos de mundo hoc e/is1 above4 ,y are ( ?is _w1 ego non sum de hoc mundo4 ,i am n ( ?is _w4 #bc4 ,tak+ no notice ( :at _h j be5 said1 ,jesus proce$s 9 ,8 disc\rse4 99,y991 ,he says1 99are f b5ea?1 ,i am f above99 7see iii4 #ca72 i4e41 y are e>?ly 9 orig9 & nature1 ,i am ( heav52 moreov]1 y are e>?ly 9 s5tim5t1 y belong to ! wick$ _w 7see xv4 #ai71 ,i d n belong to x4 ,?us ,he %[s !m !re is a tw(old diff]5ce betwe5 ,him & !m2 & unless by ! sup]natural pr9ciple ( fai? !y are lift$ above _! nature1 & tak5 out ( ! wick$ _w1 !y %all die 9 _! s9s1 & %all nev] "h or h]eaft] be able to foll[ :i!r ,he goe?4 ,in/ead ( peccato 7,vulg47 9 ! end ( v]se #bd1 read peccatis4 99,= if y believe n t ,i am he499 8,he0 is n repres5t$ 9 ! ,greek or ,lat9 text1 & ought n to /& 9 ! ,engli%4 ,! pr$icate may be purposely suppress$ 9 ord] to leave ! mean+1 :i* 0 /ill suffici5tly intelligible1 obscure1 & ?us af=d no opportunity to ,8 enemies ( *>g+ ,him ) blasphemy4 #bd4 ,dixi ergo vobis quia #bd4 ,!re=e ,i said to y1 moriem9i 9 peccatis ve/ris3 t y %all die 9 y\r si enim non cr$id]itis quia s9s4 ,= if y believe n ego sum1 moriem9i 9 peccato t ,i am he1 y %all die 9 ve/ro4 y\r s94 #be4 ,dicebant ergo ei3 ,tu quis #be4 ,!y said !re=e to es8 ,dixit eis ,iesus3 him3 ,:o art ?\8 ,jesus said ,pr9cipium1 qui et loquor to !m3 ,! beg9n+1 :o vobis4 also speak unto y4 #be4 ,?is is a v obscure v]se4 ,*ri/ _h j spok5 ( fai? 9 ,himself2 b 9 ,himself "u :at aspect ,he _h n def9$2 & n[ 9 ! hope ( evok+ an answ] = :i* !y c\ld puni% ,him1 !y ask3 99,:o art ?\899 ,8 answ] is purposely obscure4 ,x is accord+ to ! ,greek text1 7or 7 2 :i* is r5d]$ 9 ! ,vulgate3 ,pr9cipium qui et loquor vobis1 & 9 our ,rheims v]sion3 99,! beg9n+1 :o also speak unto y994 ,ab\t ! mean+ ( ?is answ] !re is a great div]sity op9ion4 ,"s take ! words affirmatively1 o!rs int]rogatively2 "s und]/& z a sub/antive1 o!rs z an adv]b2 "s reg>d z a relative 7t :i*71 o!rs z an int]rogative 7h[ or :y87 & o!rs aga9 z a conjunction1 7=1 or1 because74 ,! ,vulgate translator may h read 7:o7 in/ead ( 1 or 2 or possibly 8,qui et0 ( our ,vulgate is a corruption ( 8quia10 :i* is f\nd 9 ! olde/ ,vulgate ,,mss4 ,! objection aga9/ ! ,vulgate & ,engli% translations is t :ile is an accusative1 !y seem to und]/& x z a nom9ative4 ,nor c x be repli$1 t x is attract$ into ! accusative case ( ! relative :i* foll[s2 =1 ap>t f ! fact t !re is no o!r in/ance ( su* attraction 9 ,/4 ,john1 ! explanation is inadmissible "h1 inasmu* z ^! translations und]/& ! relative n z an accusative1 b z a nom9ative4 ,a bett] def5ce is t ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 :o w\ld supply "s su* words z3 8,believe ,me to be10 be=e ! s5t5ce1 ?us mak+ pr9cipium ! accusative aft] esse3 ,believe ,me to be ! beg9n+1 c4 7#b7 ,o!rs1 und]/&+ 9 ! same way z ! prec$+ op9ion1 take z a relative1 & r5d]3 ,i am ! beg9n+1 t :i* ,i also decl>e unto y4 ,"h !re is room = attraction1 s9ce ! relative is n[ tak5 z an accusative2 b aga9/ su* attraction is ! usage ( ,/4 ,john1 z already /at$4 7#c7 ,o!rs1 tak+ z an adv]b 7f ! beg9n+71 r5d]3 ,i am f ! beg9n+1 f et]nity1 :at ,i ev5 decl>e unto y4 ,b x is object$ to ?is view t is n f\nd else:]e 9 ,sacr$ ,scripture 9 ?is s5se1 & moreov] t ! v]b 7to discuss )1 to conv]se7 is wrongly tak5 to be equival5t to 7to decl>e74 ,to ?is latt] po9t1 h[ev]1 x is repli$ t ! two v]bs are frequ5tly int]*ang$ 9 lat] ,greek4 7#d7 ,o!rs ?us3 ,ev5 t :i* ,i h also spok5 to y f ! beg9n+47#fh7 ,b ?is view is op5 to ! same objections z ! prec$+4 7#e7 ,o!rs aga93 ,ess5tially 7or1 9 v de$7 t :i* ,i speak unto y4 ,s ,al=d4 7#f7 ,o!rs3 ,on ! :ole1 :y d ,i ev5 speak ) y8 ,s ,/4 ,*rys41 ,corluy1 c4 7#g7 ,o!rs3 ,absolutely1 or mo/ c]ta9ly1 t :i* ,i also tell y4 ,s ,beel41 ,ku91 c4 is ?us tak5 z equival5t to omn9o1 = :i* s5se ,beel5 quotes sev]al classical writ]s4 ,we pref] ! six? & sev5? op9ions2 b r ! sev5?1 s9ce x supposes ,*ri/ to answ] _! "q1 ?\gh 9 language purposely obscure4 ,9 ! six? op9ion1 ,*ri/ v\*safes no answ] to _! "q1 & we %\ld naturally expect an impati5t int]ruption f !m imm$iately aft]1 7 t op9ion correct4 #bf4 ,multa habeo de vobis #bf4 ,_m ?+s ,i h to loqui1 et iudic>e3 s$ qui me speak & to judge ( y4 ,b misit1 v]ax e/3 et ego quae he t s5t me is true2 & audivi ab eo1 haec loquor 9 ! ?+s ,i h he>d ( mundo4 him1 ^! same ,i speak 9 ! _w4 #bf4 ,"s expla9 ?us3 ,i h _m ?+s to say ( y1 & to condemn 9 y1 b ) ?is only w ,i *>ge y n[1 namely1 t y are guilty ( incr$ulity1 s9ce ,he :o s5t ,me is true 7tru?ful71 & ,i speak ,8 words1 & yet y refuse to believe 9 ,me4 ,b ! ellipsis "h is n suffici5tly obvi\s2 &1 h5ce1 we pref] to und]/& ?us3 ,i h _m ?+s1 c41 b ,my judgm5ts w be j1 & su* z _c be ga9said4 #bg4 ,et non cognov]unt quia #bg4 ,& !y und]/ood n ,patrem eius dicebat ,deum4 t he call$ ,god 8 fa!r4 #bg4 ,! ,greek is3 ,!y knew n t ,he spoke to !m ( ! ,fa!r4 #bh4 ,dixit ergo eis ,iesus3 ,cum #bh4 ,jesus !re=e said to exaltav]itis ,filium hom9is1 !m3 ,:5 y %all h tunc cognoscetis quia ego sum1 lift$ up ! son ( man1 !n et a meipso facio nihil1 s$ %all y "k t ,i am he1 sicut docuit me ,pat]1 haec & t ,i d no?+ ( loquor3 myself1 b z ! ,fa!r ha? taught me1 ^! ?+s ,i speak4 #bh4 99,lift$ up499 ,! ref]5ce is to ,*ri/'s crucifixion z is cle> f xii4 #cb1 #cc4 ,! sub/ance ( ,*ri/'s pr$iction is1 t aft] ,8 dea? !y w come to recognise ,him z ,god4 ,we "k h[ truly ?is pr$iction 0 fulfill$1 n m]ely 9 ! c5turion & 8 soldi]s 7,matt4 xxvii4 #ed71 & 9 ! cr[d t return$ f ,calv>y1 /rik+ _! brea/s 7,luke xxiii4 #dh71 b all along f t "t ?r\gh ! prea*+ ( ! ,apo/les4 ,on ! ,fa!r's tea*+ ! ,son1 see above on v4 #ai1 #bj4 #bi4 ,et qui me misit1 mecum e/ #bi4 ,& he t s5t me is et non reliquit me solum1 quia ) me1 & he ha? n left ego quae placita sunt ei1 me alone3 = ,i d always ! facio semp]4 ?+s t please him4 #bi4 99,=499 8,! ^w seems to be us$ z 9 ,luke vii4 #dg1 to indicate ! sign ( ! tru? ( ! /atem5t made1 & n to give ! gr\nd ( ! fact /at$0 7,we/c474 #cj4 ,haec illo loqu5te1 multi #cj4 ,:5 he spoke ^! cr$id]unt 9 eum4 ?+s1 _m believ$ 9 him4 #ca4 ,dicebat ergo ,iesus ad eos1 #ca4 ,!n ,jesus said to ^? qui cr$id]unt ei ,iudaeos3 ,si ,jews :o believ$ him3 ,if y vos mans]itis 9 s]mone meo1 cont9ue 9 my ^w1 y %all v]e discipuli mei eritis3 be my disciples inde$4 #ca4 ,*ri/ "h lays d[n ! te/ by :i* ,8 disciples are to be kn[n4 ,x is only :5 we accept ,8 words1 & con=m our works !reto1 t we c be truly said to be ,8 disciples4 #cb4 ,et cognoscetis v]itatem1 #cb4 ,& y %all "k ! et v]itas lib]abit vos4 tru?1 & ! tru? %all make y free4 #cb4 99,! tru?992 i4e41 ! :ole body ( revelation4 #cc4 ,respond]unt ei3 ,sem5 #cc4 ,!y answ]$ him3 ,we are ,abrahae sumus1 et nem9i ! se$ ( ,abraham1 & we s]vivimus unquam3 quomodo tu h nev] be5 slaves to any dicis3 ,lib]i eritis8 man3 h[ saye/ ?\3 ,y %all be free8 #cd4 ,respondit eis ,iesus3 ,am51 #cd4 ,jesus answ]$ !m3 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 quia omnis am51 ,i say unto y1 t qui facit peccatum1 s]vus e/ :osoev] committe? s91 is peccati3 ! s]vant ( s94 #ce4 ,s]vus autem non manet 9 #ce4 ,n[ ! s]vant abide? domo 9 aet]num3 filius autem n 9 ! h\se = ev]3 b manet 9 aet]num3 ! son abide? = ev]3 #cf4 ,si ergo vos filius #cf4 ,if !re=e ! son %all lib]av]it1 v]e lib]i make y free1 y %all be eritis4 free inde$4 #cccf4 ,to ,*ri/'s promise t ! tru? %\ld make !m free1 "s ( ! cr[d :o rema9$ incr$ul\s1 repli$ t !y 7 nev] slaves1 to :i* ,*ri/ makes answ] t !y are ! slaves ( s93 & only :5 ! ,son ( ,god %all free !m1 %all !y be truly free4 ,v]se #ce is an illu/ration drawn f ord9>y life4 ,z slaves :o displease _! ma/]s may be sold1 or expell$ f ! h\sehold1 s y :o1 in/ead ( s]v+ ,god1 are ! slaves ( s91 are1 & %all rema91 exclud$ f ! h\sehold ( ,god "h & h]eaft]4 #cg4 ,scio quia filii ,abrahae #cg4 ,i "k t y are ! e/is3 s$ qua]itis me *ildr5 ( ,abraham3 b y int]fic]e1 quia s]mo meus seek to kill me1 because my non capit 9 vobis4 ^w ha? no place 9 y4 #ch4 ,ego quod vidi apud ,patrem #ch4 ,i speak t :i* ,i h meum loquor1 et vos quae se5 ) my ,fa!r3 & y vidi/is apud patrem ve/rum1 d ! ?+s t y h facitis4 se5 ) y\r fa!r4 #ch4 99,y\r fa!r992 i4e41 ! devil 7see v]se #dd74 ,o!rs und]/& z an imp]ative2 d !n ! works :i* y h se5 ) y\r fa!r 7,abraham74 ,b s9ce ! foll[+ v]se proves t ! ,jews und]/ood ,*ri/ to speak ( ano!r fa!r ?an ,abraham1 = ?is reason1 & because ( v]se #dd1 ! fir/ int]pretation is pref]able4 ,! s5se !n is3 ,y d ! works t y h le>n$ f y\r fa!r ! devil4 #ci4 ,respond]unt1 et dix]unt #ci4 ,!y answ]$1 & said to ei3 ,pat] no/] ,abraham e/4 him3 ,abraham is our fa!r4 ,dicit eis ,iesus3 ,si filii ,jesus sai? to !m3 ,if y be ,abrahae e/is1 op]a ,abrahae ! *ildr5 ( ,abraham1 d facite4 ! works ( ,abraham4 #ci4 99,if y be ! *ildr5 ( ,abraham1 d ! works ( ,abraham499 ,! ,greek is3 ,if y 7 ! 7true7 *ildr5 ( ,abraham1 y w\ld d ! works ( ,abraham4 #dj4 ,nunc autem qua]itis me #dj4 ,b n[ y seek to kill int]fic]e1 hom9em qui me1 a man :o h spok5 ! v]itatem vobis locutus sum1 tru? to y1 :i* ,i h quam audivi a ,deo3 hoc ,abraham he>d ( ,god4 ,?is ,abraham did non fecit4 n4 #da4 ,vos facitis op]a patris #da4 ,y d ! works ( y\r ve/ri4 ,dix]unt itaque ei3 fa!r4 ,!y said !re=e to ,nos ex =nicatione non sumus him3 ,we are n born ( nati3 unum patrem habemus =nication3 we h "o ,deum4 ,fa!r ev5 ,god4 #db4 ,dixit ergo eis ,iesus3 ,si #db4 ,jesus !re=e said to ,deus pat] ve/] esset1 !m3 ,if ,god 7 y\r fa!r1 dilig]etis utique me3 ego y w\ld inde$ love me4 ,= enim ex ,deo processi1 et v5i3 f ,god ,i proce$$1 & neque enim a me ipso v5i1 s$ came3 = ,i came n ( ille me misit4 myself1 b he s5t me4 #da1 #db4 ,und]/&+ ,*ri/ to mean t !y 7 n true ,jews1 b idolat]s 7 be+ frequ5tly us$ ( idolatry 9 ! ,bible2 e4g41 ,eze*4 xvi4 #ae1 foll42 see ii4 #d1 #e171 !y prote/ t !y are n idolat]s1 & t !y wor%ip b "o ,god4 ,to ?is ,*ri/ replies1 t if !y 7 true *ildr5 ( ,god1 !y w\ld love ,himself4 99,i proce$$ & came991 d5ote respectively ! et]nal g5]ation1 & mission 9 "t4 #dc4 ,qu>e loquelam meam non #dc4 ,:y d y n "k my cognoscitis8 ,quia non pote/is spee*8 ,because y _c audire s]monem meum4 he> my ^w4 #dc4 ,! s5se is3 :y d y n und]/& ,my disc\rses 77 on ?is & on o!r occasions8 ,! reason is1 because y _c1 y w n1 receive ,my doctr9e 774 ,:at we d n desire to he>1 we are sl[ to und]/&4 ,*ri/'s tea*+1 s oppos$ to fle% & blood1 s mu* at v>iance ) all t ! ,jews _h hop$ = f _! ,messias1 !y 7 v unwill+ to accept4 8,ideo audire non pot]ant1 quia corrigi cr$5do nolebant0 7,/4 ,augu/474 #dd4 ,vos ex patre diabolo #dd4 ,y are ( y\r fa!r e/is3 et desid]ia patris ! devil1 & ! desires ( ve/ri vultis fac]e4 ,ille y\r fa!r y w d4 ,he homicida erat ab initio1 et 9 0 a murd]] f ! v]itate non /etit3 quia non beg9n+1 & he /ood n 9 e/ v]itas 9 eo3 cum ! tru?2 because tru? is loquitur m5dacium1 ex n 9 him4 ,:5 he speake? a propriis loquitur1 quia m5dax lie1 he speake? ( 8 own3 e/1 et pat] eius4 = he is a li>1 & ! fa!r !re(4 #dd4 ,at la/ ,he pla9ly tells !m :o _! fa!r is4 99,he 0 a murd]] f ! beg9n+991 = he tempt$ ,eve1 & ?us br\ght dea? ^u ! human race1 & he prompt$ ,ca9 to slay ,abel4 99,& he /ood n 9 ! tru?992 or r1 he /&e? n 9 ! tru? 7! p]fect ( ?is v]b hav+ a pres5t signification4 ,see ,w9]1 ,gr4 ,gram4 ,n4 ,t41 p4 #cdb7fi771 because !re is no tru? 9 8 nature4 ,/4 ,augu/9e argu$ f ?is v]se to prove ! fall ( ! rebel angels3 8,ergo 9 v]itate fuit1 s$ non /&o cecidit1 et de v]itate lapsus e/40 ,b ! conclusion is n w>rant$ by ?is v]se1 = ! true mean+ ( 1 & ! reason giv5 by our ,"l = ! devil's n /&+ 9 ! tru?--namely1 because tru? is n 9 him1 %[ t !re is no ref]5ce to ! devil z he 0 be=e ! fall1 b only to 8 nature & me?ods s9ce4 99,( 8 own991 i4e41 9 accordance ) 8 nature4 99,! fa!r !re(991 namely1 ( ly+4 ,we ?us1 ) ,beel51 ref] 7ejus7 to 7und]/ood74 81 scil4 quae vox sumi debet ex antegressa 9 qua veluti cont9etur0 7,gr4 ,gram4 ,n4 ,t41 page #ajd74 #de4 ,ego autem si v]itatem #de4 ,b if ,i say ! tru?1 dico1 non cr$itis mihi4 y believe me n4 #de4 ,in/ead ( 8si0 7,vulg47 ! ,greek has 7quia73 because ,i speak ! tru?4 #df4 ,quis ex vobis arguet me de #df4 ,:i* ( y %all peccato8 ,si v]itatem dico conv9ce me ( s98 ,if ,i say vobis1 qu>e non cr$itis ! tru? to y1 :y d y mihi8 n believe me8 #df4 ,*ri/ appeals to ,8 integrity ( "* & innoc5ce ( life2 z if ,he said3 x _c be ,my life t prev5ts y f believ+3 s t if ,my doctr9e is true1 y h no excuse4 #dg4 ,qui ex ,deo e/1 v]ba ,dei #dg4 ,he t is ( ,god1 he>e? audit4 ,propt]ea vos non ! words ( ,god4 ,!re=e auditis1 quia ex ,deo non y he> !m n1 because y e/is4 are n ( ,god4 #dg4 8,he assigns ! cause ( _! n believ+ or obey+ ,8 words1 viz41 because !y are n ( ,god4 ,!y are n *ildr5 ( ,god1 %>]s 9 ,8 _s2 b r *ildr5 ( ! devil1 fill$ ) 8 _s0 7,m',evilly74 #dh4 ,respond]unt ergo ,iudaei1 #dh4 ,! ,jews !re=e et dix]unt ei3 ,nonne b5e answ]$ & said to him3 ,d dicimus nos quia ,sam>itanus n we say well t ?\ art es tu1 et daemonium habes8 a ,sam>itan1 & ha/ a devil8 #di4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,ego #di4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,i h n daemonium non habeo3 s$ a devil2 b ,i hon\r my honorifico ,patrem meum1 et vos ,fa!r1 & y h inhonora/is me4 di%on\r$ me4 #dh1 #di4 ,!y say to ,him t ,he is a ,sam>itan1 & has a devil4 ,! fir/ *>ge ,he passes ov] z unwor?y ( notice2 to ! second ,he replies t1 s f> f hav+ a devil1 ,he hon\rs ,8 ,fa!r1 :ile !y di%on\r ,himself4 ,on acc\nt ( ,8 language1 /range to !m1 & ,8 e>ne/ f]v\r1 !y say t ,he is possess$2 & ,he replies t ,8 words & mann] are due to ! fact t ,he is seek+ ! glory ( ,8 ,fa!r4 #ej4 ,ego autem non qua]o #ej4 ,b ,i seek n my own gloriam meam3 e/ qui qua]at1 glory3 !re is "o t et iudicet4 seeke? & judge?4 #ej4 ,b ?\gh y di%on\r 7! ,greek has ! pres5t 9 end ( #di7 ,me1 ,i w n seek to av5ge ! di%on\r2 ! ,fa!r w av5ge x4 ,see ,deut4 xviii4 #ai4 #ea4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 si #ea4 ,am51 am51 ,i say to y3 quis s]monem meum s]vav]it1 ,if any man keep my ^w1 he mortem non videbit 9 %all n see dea? = ev]4 aet]num4 #ea4 ,9 v]se #cb1 ,he promis$ fre$om1 n[ ,he promises immortality1 to ^? t he>k5 to ,8 words4 #eb4 ,dix]unt ergo ,iudaei3 ,nunc #eb4 ,! ,jews !re=e said3 cognovimus quia daemonium ,n[ we "k t ?\ ha/ a habes4 ,abraham mortuus e/1 et devil4 ,abraham is dead1 & prophetae3 et tu dicis3 ,si ! prophets3 & ?\ saye/3 quis s]monem meum s]vav]it1 ,if any man keep my ^w he non gu/abit mortem 9 %all n ta/e dea? = aet]num4 ev]4 #ec4 ,numquid tu maior es patre #ec4 ,art ?\ great] ?an our no/ro ,abraham1 qui mortuus fa!r ,abraham1 :o is dead8 e/8 et prophetae mortui sunt4 & ! prophets are dead4 ,quem teipsum facis8 ,:om do/ ?\ make ?yself8 #eb1 #ec4 ,! ,jews accuse ,him ( pref]r+ ,himself to ,abraham & ! prophets1 to :i* ,he replies-- #ed4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,si ego #ed4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,if ,i glorifico1 meipsum1 gloria mea glorify myself1 my glory is nihil e/3 e/ ,pat] meus1 qui no?+4 ,x is my ,fa!r t glorificat me1 quem vos glorifie? me1 ( :om y say dicitis quia ,deus ve/] e/4 t he is y\r ,god4 #ed4 ,if ,i glorify ,myself1 let x g = n\ght2 x is ,my ,fa!r1 c4 #ee4 ,et non cognovi/is eum4 #ee4 ,& y h n kn[n ,ego autem novi eum3 et si him1 b ,i "k him4 ,& if ,i dix]o quia non scio eum1 ero %all say t ,i "k him n1 similis vobis1 m5dax4 ,s$ ,i %all be l to y1 a scio eum1 et s]monem eius li>4 ,b ,i d "k him1 & s]vo4 d keep 8 ^w4 #ee4 ,! ,jews knew n ! ,fa!r z ! ,fa!r ( ,*ri/2 moreov]1 !y knew ,him n at all ) a practical k s z to s]ve ,him4 #ef4 ,abraham pat] ve/] #ef4 ,abraham y\r fa!r exultavit ut vid]et diem rejoic$ t he might see my meum3 vidit1 et gavisus e/4 day3 he saw x1 & 0 glad4 #ef4 99,abraham y\r fa!r rejoic$991 c4 ,he leaves x to be inf]r$ t ,he1 be+ ! object ( ,abraham's hope & joy1 is great] ?an ,abraham1 & /ill n oppos$ to him4 ,our ,"l's day "h is n ! et]nal exi/5ce ( ! ,son1 nor ! day ( ,8 dea?1 nor ,himself1 ! day/> ( ju/ice1 b ! day = :i* all ! anci5t j _h s long pray$ & sigh$3 8drop d[n dew1 ye heav5s1 f above1 & let ! cl\ds ra9 ! j0 7,is4 xlv4 #h71 ! day or "t ( ,*ri/'s mortal life on e>?4 99,rejoic$ t he might see99 7 74 ,mo/ probably ! mean+ is1 t ,abraham1 aft] ,god _h reveal$ to him t ! ,messias 0 to be born ( 8 se$1 hop$ & ye>n$ 9 joyful confid5ce t he might see ,*ri/ on e>?4 99,he saw x1 & 0 glad499 ,x w\ld seem f ^! words t ,abraham saw 9 ! way 9 :i* he _h ye>n$ to see4 ,& s9ce he _c h ye>n$ to see ,*ri/'s day m]ely by fai?1 = he already saw x by fai?2 h5ce !re mu/ be "q "h ( "s o!r vision4 ,mald41 ,a ,lap41 & mo/ comm5tators hold t ,abraham's m5tal vision 0 elevat$ by ,god1 s t f limbo he saw & knew t ,*ri/ 0 on e>? j z ! angels & sa9ts 9 heav5 "k :at happ5s on e>? & 9 hell4 ,! aori/ t5ses 9 ! ,greek 7 71 ) _! pa/ def9ite signification1 are n easily reconcil$ ) ?is view1 & h5ce o!rs pref] to suppose t !re is ref]5ce to "s v special revelation made to ,abraham dur+ 8 life on e>?1 9 :i* he saw ) some?+ m ?an ! vision ( ord9>y fai? ! "t & v>i\s circum/ances ( ,*ri/'s mortal life 7comp>e ,heb4 xi4 #ac74 #eg4 ,dix]unt ergo ,iudaei ad #eg4 ,! ,jews !re=e said to eum3 ,qu9quag9ta annos nondum him3 ,?\ art n yet fifty habes1 et ,abraham vidi/i8 ye>s old1 & ha/ ?\ se5 ,abraham8 #eg4 ,9 say+ ,*ri/ 0 n yet fifty ye>s ( age1 !y take an age ab\t :i* !re c\ld be no dispute1 z if !y said3 at ! v outside ,?\ art n yet fifty ye>s old1 & ha/ ,?\ se5 ,abraham8 ,! common op9ion is t ,*ri/ di$ 9 8 ?irtyf\r? ye>1 ?\gh1 /range to say1 ,/4 ,ir5u held ! s+ul> view t he liv$ to be fifty4 7,ir541 ,adv4 ,ha]41 ii4 #ci1 #dj47 #eh4 ,dixit eis ,iesus3 ,am51 #eh4 ,jesus said to !m3 ,am51 am5 dico vobis1 antequam am51 ,i say to y1 be=e ,abraham fi]et1 ego sum4 ,abraham 0 made1 ,i am4 #eh4 ,9 v]se #ef1 ,he spoke ( ! day ( ,8 mortal life1 n[ ,he decl>es ,8 et]nity4 99,am51 am51 ,i say to y1 be=e ,abraham 0 made99 71 came into be+71 99,i am99 7 74 #ei4 ,tul]unt ergo lapides1 ut #ei4 ,!y took up /ones iac]5t 9 eum4 ,iesus autem !re=e to ca/ at him4 ,b abscondit se1 et exivit de ,jesus hid himself1 & w5t templo4 out ( ! temple4 #ei4 ,und]/&+ ,him to claim to be et]nal1 z ,he really did1 !y took up /ones to /one ,him1 ! ,law comm&+ t a blasphem]1 z !y acc\nt$ ,him1 %\ld be /on$ 7,lev4 xxiv4 #af74 ,b ,jesus hid ,himself1 mo/ probably r5d]$ ,himself invisible1 & ?us pass$ out ( ! temple1 %[+ u t x is sometimes advisable1 & conducive to ! great] glory ( ,god1 t we %\ld flee f dang]1 ev5 :5 we are p]secut$ = ,god's sake4 ,_m anci5t au?orities add at ! end ( ?is v]se3 8,& go+ ?r\gh ! mid/ ( !m w5t ,8 way1 & s pass$ by20 b m probably ! words are a gloss4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 #ag4 99,jesus cures a man born bl9d499 #hac4 99,comm5ts ( ! man's neighb\rs1 :o br+ him to ! ,ph>isees499 #ad4 99,x 0 on ! ,sabba? day ! cure 0 wr\ght499 #aebc4 99,int]view betwe5 ! man & ! ,ph>isees4 ,!y refuse to believe t he _h be5 bl9d1 & summon 8 p>5ts 9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! tru?4 ,! p>5ts decl>e t he _h inde$ be5 born bl9d499 #bdcd4 99,aga9 !re=e ! ,ph>isees int]rogate ! man himself1 & at l5g?1 w9c+ "u 8 rem>ks & indignant ) him = 8 fav\rable op9ion ( ,jesus1 !y expel him f _! assembly499 #cech4 99,jesus f9ds him1 & n[ illum9es ! d>kness ( 8 s\l499 #cida4 99,! bl9dness ( ! ,ph>isees499 #a4 ,et praet]i5s ,iesus vidit #a4 ,& ,jesus pass+ by1 saw a hom9em caecum a nativitate3 man :o 0 bl9d f 8 bir?4 #a4 ,"s ?9k t ! ev5ts ab\t to be n>rat$ occurr$ %ortly aft] ,*ri/ left ! temple 7viii4 #ei7 & _h be5 rejo9$ by ,8 disciples1 :o are suppos$ to h left :5 ,he disappe>$4 ,?is view seems to u m probable ?an t :i* places ! ev5ts ab\t to be n>rat$ on a diff]5t day f ^? ref]r$ to 9 ! close ( ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,:5 we are told t ,jesus w5t out ( ! temple 7viii4 #ei71 & pass+ by1 saw a man bl9d f 8 bir?1 ! natural inf]5ce is1 t ! ,evangeli/ is speak+ ( ,*ri/'s pass+ along aft] ,he left ! temple4 ,?is view is confirm$ too by ! fact1 t 99,jesus99 %\ld n be read 9 ?is v]se1 be+ spuri\s accord+ to all critics1 b mu/ be suppli$ f ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,! man 0 99bl9d f 8 bir?991 s t x 0 no m]e pass+ affection ( ! eyes1 f :i* he suff]$2 & ?us ! miracle 0 ! m /rik+4 #b4 ,et int]rogav]unt eum #b4 ,& 8 disciples ask$ discipuli eius3 ,rabbi1 quis him3 ,rabbi1 :o ha? s9n$1 peccavit1 hic1 aut p>5tes ?is man1 or 8 p>5ts1 t eius1 ut caecus nasc]etur8 he %\ld be born bl9d8 #b4 ,h[ ! disciples knew ! man _h be5 99born bl9d991 we are n told4 ,to excite great] compassion1 & probably to obta9 alms1 he may h be5 himself proclaim+ ! fact4 ,x 0 reasonable en\gh t ! disciples %\ld ?9k ( ! s9s ( ! man's p>5ts z ! reason :y he 0 born bl9d1 = ,god ,himself tells u t ,he is 8jeal\s1 visit+ ! iniquities ( ! fa!rs ^u ! *ildr5 unto ! ?ird & f\r? g5]ation0 7,exod4 xx4 #e74 ,& we "k t ,david 0 puni%$ by ! dea? ( 8 *ild 7#b ,k+s xii4 #ad74 ,b :y %\ld ! disciples imag9e t ! man might h be5 born bl9d on acc\nt ( 8 own s9s8 ,"s ?9k t ! disciples may h be5 imbu$ ) ! false notions ( ! ,jews reg>d+ ! transmigration ( s\ls1 & h ?\ght t ?is man's s\l _h s9n$ 9 "s previ\s /ate ( exi/5ce1 & be5 !re=e imprison$ 9 a bl9d body4 ,b x is unlikely t ! disciples at ?is "t1 ! ?ird ye> ( our ,"l's public life1 7 /ill 9 su* ignorance47#gj7 ,o!rs ?9k t ! "q means3 0 he born bl9d = "s s9 :i* x 0 =ese5 he w\ld commit8 ,o!rs ?9k t ! "q 0 ha/ily put )\t adv]t5ce to its absurdity4 ,o!rs t ! mean+ is3 0 x = 8 own1 or1 s9ce t is out ( ! "q1 0 x = ! s9 ( 8 p>5ts t ?is man 0 born bl9d8 #c4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,neque hic #c4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,nei!r peccavit1 neque p>5tes eius3 ha? ?is man s9n$1 nor 8 s$ ut manife/5tur op]a ,dei p>5ts2 b t ! works ( 9 illo4 ,god %\ld be made manife/ 9 him4 #c4 ,*ri/ replies t nei!r ! man himself nor 8 p>5ts _h s9n$1 s z to expla9 8 bl9dness--1 z a cause :y he %\ld be born bl9d2 b 8 bl9dness 0 orda9$1 or at lea/ p]mitt$1 = ! sake ( ! miracle :i* ,*ri/ 0 n[ ab\t to "w4 #d4 ,me oportet op]>i op]a #d4 ,i mu/ "w ! works ( eius qui misit me1 donec dies him t s5t me1 :il/ x is e/3 v5it nox1 qu&o nemo day3 ! night come? :5 no pote/ op]>i4 man c "w4 #d4 99,day99 is "h ! span ( ,*ri/'s mortal life3 99night99 ! "t aft] dea?1 :5 ,*ri/ 0 no long] to p]=m works visibly be=e m54 ,( c\rse1 z ,god1 ,*ri/ /ill works1 8su/a9+ all ?+s by ! ^w ( ,8 p[]0 7,heb4 i4 #c71 b ( ?is ,div9e op]ation !re is no "q "h4 #e4 ,quamdiu sum 9 mundo1 lux #e4 ,z long z ,i am 9 ! sum mundi4 _w1 ,i am ! light ( ! _w4 #e4 99,! light499 ,see i4 #d1 #e4 ,*ri/ 0 ! spiritual light1 & z a symbol & pro( ( ,8 (fice ( spiritual lightgiv]1 ,he 0 n[ ab\t to op5 ! eyes ( ! bl9d man to ! light ( day4 #f4 ,haec cum dixisset1 exspuit #f4 ,:5 he _h said ^! 9 t]ram1 et fecit lutum ex ?+s1 he spat on ! gr\nd1 sputo1 et l9ivit lutum sup] & made clay ( ! spittle1 oculos eius4 & spread ! clay ^u 8 eyes4 #f4 99,he spat on ! gr\nd499 ,( c\rse su* c]emonies z t "h record$ 7 :olly unnecess>y to ,*ri/ = effect+ ! cure4 ,:y ,he sometimes us$ !m x is h>d to say2 p]haps to help to excite ! fai? ( ^? :o 7 be+ cur$4 8,^? :o impi\sly je] at ! use ( c]emonies1 & mat]ial elem5ts 9 connection ) spiritual effects1 :i* !y symbolize1 h a cle> refutation 9 ?is action1 & sev]al simil> actions on ! "p ( our ,div9e ,r$eem] = simil> effects 7,m>k vii4 #cc2 viii4 #bc740 7,mc,evilly74 #g4 ,et dixit ei3 ,vade1 lava 9 #g4 ,& said to him3 ,g1 wa% natatoria ,siloe 7quod 9 ! pool ( ,siloe1 :i* is int]pretatur ,missus74 ,abiit int]pret$1 ,s5t4 ,he w5t ergo1 et lavit1 et v5it !re=e1 & wa%$1 & he vid5s4 came see+4 #g4 ,/4 ,john int]prets = 8 read]s ! ,hebrew "n 77 ( ! pool4 ,"s h reg>d$ ! int]pretation z ! gloss ( a copyi/ or int]pret]2 b !re is practically no au?ority = d\bt+ t x 0 writt5 by ,/4 ,john4 ,d\btless ! pool bore ?is "n = "s my/ic reason2 by ! natural salubrity ( its wat]s1 or by a sup]natural virtue1 l ,be!sda 7v4 #b71 x may h typifi$ ,him :o 0 s5t f ,god to heal m54 ,! pool :i* /ill reta9s its old "n ,birket ,silwan1 is "o ( ! few undisput$ sites at ,j]usalem4 ,/4 ,j]ome speaks ( ! spr+ :i* suppli$ x z situat$ at ! foot ( ,m\nt ,sion1 & m5tions also ! int]mitt5t "* ( ! spr+4 ,see ,isaiah viii4 #f4 ,9 ano!r place ,/4 ,j]ome speaks ( ,siloe z situat$ at 8! foot ( ,m\nt ,moria10 s t !re is no reason = d\bt+ t ! pool 0 situat$ 9 ! valley call$ ,tyropaeon1 :i* sep>at$ ,m\nt ,sion f ,m\nt ,moria1 j :]e ,birket ,silwan is /ill to be se54 ,see also ,josephus1 ,bella ,jud41 v4 #d4 #a4 ,! bl9d man j\rney+ t[>ds ! pool1 ) clay ^u 8 eyes1 mu/ h attract$ ! att5tion ( _m1 & ?us help$ to make ! miracle m public4 ,t "o born bl9d1 & accu/om$ to move ab\t ,j]usalem1 w\ld be able to f9d 8 way to ! pool1 !re is no reason to d\bt2 9 any case !re ne$ be no difficulty rais$ on ?is po9t1 z he c\ld probably h readily f\nd "s "o will+ to guide him4 #h4 ,itaque vic9i1 et qui #h4 ,! neighb\rs !re=e1 vid]ant eum prius quia & !y :o _h se5 him m5dicus erat1 dicebant3 ,nonne be=e t he 0 a begg>1 hic e/ qui s$ebat et said3 ,is n ?is he t sat1 m5dicabat8 ,alii dicebant3 & begg$8 ,"s said3 ,?is is ,quia hic e/4 he4 #i4 ,alii autem3 ,nequaquam1 s$ #i4 ,b o!rs said3 ,no1 b similis e/ ei4 ,ille v]o he is l him4 ,b he said3 ,i dicebat3 ,quia ego sum4 am he4 #aj4 ,dicebant ergo ei3 ,quomodo #aj4 ,!y said !re=e to ap]ti sunt tibi oculi8 him3 ,h[ 7 ?y eyes op5$8 #aa4 ,respondit3 ,ille homo qui #aa4 ,he answ]$3 ,t man t dicitur ,iesus1 lutum fecit1 et is call$ ,jesus1 made clay1 unxit oculos meos1 et dixit & ano9t$ my eyes1 & said mihi3 ,vade ad natatoria ,siloe1 to me3 ,g to ! pool ( et lava1 ,et abii1 et lavi1 et ,siloe1 & wa%4 ,& ,i w5t1 ,i video4 wa%$1 & ,i see4 #aa4 99,he answ]$3 ,t man99 7 is ! true read+7 99t is call$ ,jesus499 ,he yet recognises 9 ,*ri/ only a holy man1 b ref]s to ,him z "o :o 0 well kn[n & mu* spok5 (4 #ab4 ,et dix]unt ei3 ,ubi e/ #ab4 ,& !y said to him3 ille8 ,ait3 ,nescio4 ,:]e is he8 ,he sai?3 ,i "k n4 #ac4 ,adducunt eum ad ph>isaeos #ac4 ,!y br+ him t _h qui caecus fu]at4 be5 bl9d to ! ,ph>isees4 #ac4 ,:y !y br\ght him to ! ,ph>isees is n c]ta92 probably 9 ord] to h ! facts sift$ m closely1 & p]haps to h ,*ri/ condemn$ ( violat+ ! ,sabba? 7v]se #ad74 #ad4 ,erat autem sabbatum1 #ad4 ,n[ x 0 ! sabba? qu&o lutum fecit ,iesus1 et :5 ,jesus made ! clay & ap]uit oculos eius4 op5$ 8 eyes4 #ae4 ,it]um ergo int]rogabant #ae4 ,aga9 !re=e ! eum ph>isaei quomodo ,ph>isees ask$ him1 h[ he vidisset4 ,ille autem dixit _h receiv$ 8 sight4 ,b he eis3 ,lutum mihi posuit sup] said to !m3 ,he put clay ^u oculos1 et lavi1 et video4 my eyes1 & ,i wa%$1 & ,i see4 #af4 ,dicebant ergo ex #af4 ,"s !re=e ( ! ph>isaeis quidam3 ,non e/ hic ,ph>isees said3 ,?is man is homo a ,deo1 qui sabbatum non n ( ,god1 :o keepe? n cu/odit4 ,alii autem dicebant3 ! sabba?4 ,b o!rs said3 ,quomodo pote/ homo peccator ,h[ c a man t is a s9n] haec signa fac]e8 ,et s*isma d su* miracles8 ,& !re erat int] eos4 0 a division among !m4 #ag4 ,dicunt ergo caeco it]um3 #ag4 ,!y say !re=e to ! ,tu quid dicis de illo qui bl9d man aga93 ,:at saye/ ap]uit oculos tuos8 ,ille ?\ ( him t ha? op5$ autem dixit3 ,quia propheta ?y eyes8 ,& he said3 ,he is a e/4 prophet4 #af1 #ag4 ,! ,ph>isees !mselves disagree z to ! "* ( ,*ri/1 & ask ! man :o _h be5 cur$ 7note h[ he is /ill spok5 ( z bl9d1 j z 9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ 7vi4 #eb7 ! fle% ( ,*ri/ is spok5 ( z bread1 n because x is any long] bread1 b because ( :at x is kn[n to h be5 %ortly be=e7 :at he ?\ght ( ,him :o cur$ him4 ,8 reply is t ,*ri/ is a prophet 7 )\t ! article71 a man s5t by ,god2 n ! ,prophet1 = he did n yet recognise ,*ri/ z ! ,messias4 #ah4 ,non cr$id]unt ergo #ah4 ,! ,jews !n did n ,iudaei de illo quia caecus believe conc]n+ him1 t fuisset et vidisset1 donec he _h be5 bl9d & _h vocav]unt p>5tes eius qui receiv$ 8 sight1 until !y vid]at3 call ! p>5ts ( him t _h receiv$ 8 sight4 #ah4 ,! ,ph>isees n[ d\bt ! fact ( ! cure1 & s5d = ! man's p>5ts to inquire if he _h inde$ be5 born bl9d4 #ai4 ,et int]rogav]unt eos1 #ai4 ,& ask$ !m1 say+3 ,is dic5tes3 ,hic e/ filius ?is y\r son1 :o y say 0 ve/]1 quem vos dicitis quia born bl9d8 ,h[ !n do? he caecus natus e/8 ,quomodo ergo n[ see8 nunc videt8 #bj4 ,respond]unt eis p>5tes #bj4 ,8 p>5ts answ]$ !m eius1 et dix]unt3 ,scimus quia & said3 ,we "k t ?is is hic e/ filius no/]1 et quia our son1 & t he 0 born caecus natus e/3 bl9d4 #ba4 ,quomodo autem nunc videat1 #ba4 ,b h[ he n[ see?1 we nescimus3 aut quis eius "k n3 or :o ha? op5$ ap]uit oculos1 nos nescimus3 8 eyes1 we "k n3 ask ipsum int]rogate3 aetatem himself2 he is ( age1 let him habet1 ipse de se loquatur4 speak = himself4 #aiba4 ,?ree que/ions are put to ! p>5ts2 to two !y reply3 t ?is is _! son1 & t he 0 born bl9d2 b to ! ?ird !y return no answ]1 ?\gh1 d\btless1 !y believ$ _! son's acc\nt ( ! cure4 #bb4 ,haec dix]unt p>5tes #bb4 ,^! ?+s 8 p>5ts eius1 quoniam timebant said1 because !y fe>$ ! ,iudaeos3 iam enim ,jews3 ,= ! ,jews _h already conspirav]ant ,iudaei1 ut si agre$ among !mselves1 t quis eum confit]etur esse if any man %\ld confess him ,*ri/um1 extra synagogam to be ,*ri/1 he %\ld be put fi]et4 out ( ! synagogue4 #bb4 99,put out ( ! synagogue992 t is to say1 depriv$ ( all religi\s int]c\rse by a sort ( excommunication4 #bc4 ,propt]ea p>5tes eius #bc4 ,!re=e did 8 p>5ts dix]unt3 ,quia aetatem habet1 say3 ,he is ( age1 ask him4 ipsum int]rogate4 #bd4 ,vocav]unt ergo rursum #bd4 ,!y !re=e call$ ! hom9em qui fu]at caecus1 et man aga9 t _h be5 bl9d1 dix]unt ei3 ,da gloriam ,deo3 & said to him3 ,give glory to nos scimus quia hic homo ,god4 ,we "k t ?is man is peccator e/4 a s9n]4 #bd4 ,! man himself is aga9 int]rogat$4 ,! words3 99,give glory to ,god99 are a sort ( adjuration2 z if !y said--rememb] y are 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god1 & speak ! tru?4 ,see ,jos4 viii4 #ai4 ,& yet :ile1 pret5d+ to be anxi\s to he> ! tru?1 !y tri$ to ov]awe ! poor man by decl>+ t !y are conv9c$ already t ,*ri/ is an impo/or & s9n]4 #be4 ,dixit ergo eis ille3 ,si #be4 ,he said !re=e to !m3 peccator e/1 nescio3 unum ,if he be a s9n]1 ,i "k n3 scio1 quia caecus cum essem1 "o ?+ ,i "k1 t :]eas modo video4 ,i 0 bl9d1 n[ ,i see4 #be4 99,be+ bl9d991 4 ,! pres5t "p4 is us$ relatively to ! "t :5 he bl9d4 #bf4 ,dix]unt ergo illi3 ,quid #bf4 ,!y said !n to him3 fecit tibi3 ,quomodo ap]uit ,:at did he to !e8 ,h[ did tibi oculos8 he op5 ?y eyes8 #bg4 ,respondit eis3 ,dixi vobis #bg4 ,he answ]$ !m3 ,i h iam1 et audi/is3 quid it]um told y already1 & y h vultis audire8 numquid et vos he>d3 :y w\ld y he> x vultis discipuli eius fi]i8 aga98 w y also become 8 disciples8 #bg4 99,y h he>d99 7,gr4 1 ,y did n he$74 99,w y also become 8 disciples899 ,^! words are ironical4 ,! man saw t ! ,ph>isees 7 ho/ile to ,jesus1 & 8 natural gratitude t[>ds 8 b5efactor made him impati5t ) !m4 #bh4 ,mal$ix]unt ergo ei1 et #bh4 ,!y revil$ him dix]unt3 ,tu discipulus illius !re=e1 & said3 ,be ?\ sis3 nos autem ,moysi discipuli 8 disciple2 b we are ! sumus4 disciples ( ,moses4 #bh4 99,!y revil$ him99 77 99!re=e1 & said3 ,be ?\ t man's disciple994 #bi4 ,nos scimus quia ,moysi #bi4 ,we "k t ,god spoke to locutus e/ ,deus3 hunc autem ,moses3 b z to ?is man1 we nescimus unde sit4 "k n f :5ce he is4 #bi4 ,! mean+ is3 ,we "k n :e!r ?is man is s5t by ,god or ! devil4 #cj4 ,respondit ille homo1 et #cj4 ,! man answ]$1 & said dixit eis3 ,9 hoc enim to !m3 ,:y h]e9 is a mirabile e/ quia vos nescitis wond]ful ?+ t y "k unde sit1 et ap]uit meos n f :5ce he is1 & he oculos3 ha? op5$ my eyes4 #cj4 99,y99 is emphatic2 y ! tea*]s ( ,god's p6 #ca4 ,scimus autem quia #ca4 ,n[ we "k t ,god do? peccatores ,deus non audit3 s$ n he> s9n]s3 b if a man si quis ,dei cultor e/1 et be a s]v] ( ,god1 & do? voluntatem eius facit1 hunc 8 w1 him he he>e?4 exaudit4 #ca4 99,n[ we "k t ,god do? n he> s9n]s499 ,^! are ! words ( ! bl9d man1 & we are n b\nd to hold t !y /ate :at is true3 t !y 7 spok5 by ! man1 ! inspir$ ,evangeli/ tells u2 & ! fact t !y 7 spok5 is all t is cov]$ by inspiration4 ,b ! words are g5]ally true 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! context proves !y 7 us$4 ,= ,god does n g5]ally he> s9n]s s z to "w miracles at _! w2 & ?is is :at ! words mean4 ,t ,god nev] he>s ! pray]s ( s9n]s1 is n /at$ "h1 & is n true4 #cb4 ,a saeculo non e/ auditum #cb4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( ! quia quis ap]uit oculos caeci _w x ha? n be5 he>d1 nati4 t any man ha? op5$ ! eyes ( "o born bl9d4 #cc4 ,nisi esset hic a ,deo1 non #cc4 ,unless ?is man 7 ( pot]at fac]e quidquam4 ,god1 he c\ld n d any?+4 #cc4 99,any?+992 t is to say1 su* z ! miracle p]=m$ ^u me4 #cd4 ,respond]unt1 et dix]unt #cd4 ,!y answ]$1 & said to ei3 ,9 peccatis natus es him3 ,?\ wa/ :olly born 9 totus1 et tu doces nos8 ,et s9s1 & do/ ?\ tea* u8 eiec]unt eum =as4 ,& !y ca/ him out4 #cd4 99,?\ wa/ :olly born 9 s9s991 7totus72 t is to say1 altoge!r1 entirely1 z ?y bl9dness proves4 ,& do/ ?\1 /eep$ f ?y bir? 9 s9 & ignorance1 presume to tea* u1 ! sa9t$ doctors ( ! ,law8 99,& !y ca/ him out499 ,"s take ! s5se to be1 t !y excommunicat$ him1 b ! obvi\s mean+ is1 t !y drove him f _! pres5ce1 :]ev] x 0 t !y 7 assembl$4 #ce4 ,audivit ,iesus quia #ce4 ,jesus he>d t !y _h eiec]unt eum =as3 et cum ca/ him out3 & :5 he _h inv5isset eum1 dixit ei3 ,tu f\nd him1 he said to him3 cr$is 9 ,filium ,dei8 ,do/ ?\ believe 9 ! ,son ( ,god8 #ce4 ,*ri/ z ,god knew1 ( c\rse1 t ! man _h be5 expell$ by ! ,ph>isees2 b ,he wait$ till ,he he>d x z man1 & !n w5t to seek = & rew>d ! poor fell[1 :o _h s intrepidly def5d$ ,him be=e !m4 ,in/ead ( 99,son ( ,god991 "s manuscripts ( great au?ority read ,son ( ,man2 b x is m probable t ! =m] is ! correct read+4 ,we may "h rem>k h[ ,*ri/1 :o _h cur$ ! bl9dness ( ! body )\t requir+ fai? n[ asks = fai? 9 ,himself be=e ,he w dispel ! deep] d>kness ( ! s\l4 8,qui fecit te s9e te1 non ju/ificat te s9e te2 fecit nesci5tem1 ju/ificat vol5tem0 7,/4 ,aug41 ,s]m4 #ae1 de v]bis ,apo/474 #cf4 ,respondit ille1 et dixit3 #cf4 ,he answ]$1 & said3 ,:o ,quis e/1 ,dom9e1 ut cr$am 9 is he1 ,"l1 t ,i may eum8 believe 9 him8 #cf4 ,probably ! man recognis$ ! voice ( 8 b5efactor1 :om he _h n se5 until n[1 & he at once %[s himself prep>$ to d :at he und]/&s ,*ri/'s "q to sugge/4 ,he believ$ t ,*ri/ :o _h cur$ him1 & :om he reg>d$ z a prophet1 w\ld n deceive him z to :o 0 really ! ,son ( ,god4 ,"l 7,gr4 7 ought r to be r5d]$ 8,sir40 ,x is a t]m ( respect1 b does n at all imply t ! man already recognis$ ,*ri/ to be 8 ,"l & ,god1 z is cle> f ! context4 #cg4 ,et dixit ei ,iesus3 ,et #cg4 ,& ,jesus said to him3 vidi/i eum1 et qui loquitur ,?\ ha/ bo? se5 him2 & tecum1 ipse e/4 x is he t talke? ) !e4 #cg4 99,?\ ha/ bo? se5499 ,! mean+ is3 ,?\ see/ ,him1 ! ,greek p]fect hav+ "h ! =ce ( a pres5t4 ,see #a ,john iii4 #f4 ,*ri/'s ref]5ce to ! man's see+1 0 d\btless design$ to /imulate 8 gratitude1 & help him to fai?4 #ch4 ,at ille ait3 ,cr$o ,dom9e4 #ch4 ,& he said3 ,i believe1 ,et procid5s adoravit eum4 ,"l4 ,& fall+ d[n he ador$ him4 #ch4 ,he 99ador$99 ,*ri/ z ,god4 ,?\gh ! ^w 1 :i* is "h r5d]$ 8ador$10 does n1 9 our op9ion1 necess>ily imply supreme wor%ip 9 ! ,greek ( ei!r ! ,old or ,new ,te/am5t17#ga7 /ill ! context "h det]m9es x to t mean+4 ,= ,*ri/ _h j decl>$ ,himself to be ! ,son ( ,god1 & x is z su* ! man wor%ips ,him4 #ci4 ,et dixit ,iesus3 ,9 #ci4 ,& ,jesus said3 ,= iudicium ego 9 hunc mundum judgm5t ,i am come into ?is v5i3 ut qui non vid5t _w1 t !y :o see n1 videant1 et qui vid5t caeci may see3 & !y :o see1 may fiant4 become bl9d4 #ci4 99,= judgm5t ,i am come into ?is _w499 ,! bl9d man _h recov]$ sight 9 two s5ses--bodily & spiritual--& ,*ri/1 z ! occasion naturally sugge/$1 n[ goes on to speak ( spiritual bl9dness4 ,*ri/'s words "h are n contradictory ( iii4 #ag or viii4 #ae1 because "h !re is "q ( a diff]5t judgm5t4 ,9 ^? passages !re is "q ( ! judgm5t ( condemnation1 = :i* ,*ri/ did n come at ,8 fir/ com+2 "h !re is "q ( ! judgm5t ( disc]nm5t 71 n 71 & = ?is ,he _h come at ,8 fir/ com+4 ,! s5se ( ! pres5t passage !n is3 ,i am come to sep>ate ! good f ! bad2 to make kn[n :o love ,god1 & :o d n2 to %[ & to effect t ^? :o h be5 reg>d$ z spiritually bl9d1 & :o1 inde$1 9 _m cases1 h be5 s1 may h ! eyes ( _! s\ls op5$ to ! light ( tru?1 :ile ^? :o h be5 ?\ght1 & :o ?9k !mselves1 to see 7su* z y ,ph>isees71 may be %[n to be inde$ spiritually bl9d1 & may really become m bl9d1 by be+ involv$ 9 deep] d>kness ?r\gh _! own unbelief4 ,?is latt] effect--t !y %\ld become m bl9d--0 n directly int5d$ by ,*ri/1 b x 0 =ese5 & p]mitt$1 & ?is is en\gh to ju/ify ,*ri/'s expression3 8,t !y :o see may become bl9d40 ,comp>e ,rom4 v4 #bj3 8,n[ ! law ent]$ 9 t s9 might ab\nd40 #dj4 ,et audi]unt quidam ex #dj4 ,& "s ( ! ,ph>isees1 ph>isaeis qui cum ipso erant :o 7 ) him1 he>d2 & et dix]unt ei3 ,numquid et nos !y said unto him3 ,are we caeci sumus8 also bl9d8 #da4 ,dixit eis ,iesus3 ,si caeci #da4 ,jesus said to !m3 ,if y essetis1 non hab]etis 7 bl9d1 y %\ld n peccatum3 nunc v]o dicitis3 h s93 b n[ y say3 ,we ,quia videmus4 ,peccatum ve/rum see4 ,y\r s9 rema9e?4 manet4 #dj1 #da4 ,! ,ph>isees ask3 99,are we also bl9d899 & ,jesus replies3 99,if y 7 bl9d1 y %\ld n h s9992 t is to say1 if y 7 bl9d ?r\gh inv9cible ignorance1 or1 z we pref] to hold1 if y 7 bl9d 9 y\r own e/imation1 if y recognis$ y\r spiritual bl9dness1 y %\ld n h s91 because ,i w\ld wipe x out2 b n[ t y say y see1 & rely ^u y\rselves1 y\r s9 rema9e?4 ,,*apt] ,x4 #ae4 99,! p>able 7or r allegory1 see bel[ on v]se #a71 ( ! door ( ! %eepfold499 #f4 99,! ,ph>isees und]/ood n ! p>able499 #gaj4 99,*ri/1 !re=e1 applies x499 #aaah4 99,! p>able ( ! ,good ,%eph]d499 #aiba4 99,!re 0 a diff]5ce ( op9ion among ! ,ph>isees reg>d+ ,*ri/499 #bbcj4 99,on ano!r occasion ! ,ph>isees ask ,him to tell !m pla9ly if ,he is ! ,*ri/2 to :om ,he replies t ,he is1 & ! ,son ( ,god1 "o 9 nature ) ,8 ,fa!r499 #ca4 99,!reupon !y took up /ones to /one ,him499 #cbch4 99,he def5ds 8 language by a quotation f _! own ,psalt]y499 #cidb4 99,:5 !y s\ght to take ,him prison]1 ,he escap$ f !m1 & cross$ ov] to ! ea/ side ( ! ,jordan1 :]e _m believ$ 9 him499 #a4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 qui #a4 ,am51 am51 ,i say to y3 non intrat p] o/ium 9 ovile he t ent]e? n by ! ovium1 s$ asc5dit aliunde1 door into ! %eepfold1 b ille fur e/1 et latro4 climbe? up ano!r way1 ! same is a ?ief & a robb]4 #a4 ,?is v]se & ^? t foll[ d[n to ! end ( v]se #ah1 are a cont9uation ( ! disc\rse direct$ to ! ,ph>isees1 & begun 9 ix4 #ci1 ) :i* v]se ?is t5? *apt] might m correctly h be5 comm5c$4 ,! logical connection ( ! foll[+ p>able ) ! close ( ! prec$+ *apt] is n cle>4 ,"s1 z ,/4 ,aug41 say t ,*ri/ is prov+ t ! ,ph>isees 7 bl9d1 else !y w\ld recognise ,him z ! door ?r\gh :i* ! true fold mu/ be ent]$1 & z ! true ,%eph]d4 ,o!rs1 z ,/4 ,*rys41 ?9k t ,he is reply+ to a tacit objection ( ! ,ph>isees1 to ! effect t !y refus$ to recognise ,him1 n because !y 7 bl9d1 b because ,he 0 an impo/or4 ,! p>able1 tak5 /rictly1 is a n>rative ( a probable b fictiti\s ev5t1 l t relat+ to ! ,prodigal ,son 7,luke xv4 #aacb74 ,:]e1 z 9 ! pres5t in/ance1 !re is cont9u$ or prolong$ metaphor1 )\t ! description ( any ev5t1 "s w\ld call x an allegory & n a p>able2 b we pref] n to int]f]e ) a phrase s famili> z 8! p>able ( ! good ,%eph]d40 ,x w be not$ t we speak ( p>ables1 & n m]ely ( "o p>able1 = we hold t ! p>able ( ,*ri/ z door ( ! fold is di/9ct f t ( ,*ri/ z ,%eph]d4 ,our reasons = ?is w appe> z we proce$4 ,to und]/& ! grammatical s5se ( ^! two p>ables1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d :at 7 ! relations ( ! %eph]d to 8 %eep 9 ea/]n c\ntries1 & especially 9 ,pale/9e4 ,9 ! ,spr+ ( ! ye> ! ,jewi% %eph]d conduct$ 8 %eep to _! pa/ure1 & !re !y rema9$ until ! end ( ! foll[+ ,autumn4 ,at night !y 7 enclos$ 9 folds1 ! flocks ( sev]al %eph]ds be+ sometimes ga!r$ 9 ! same fold4 ,! fold1 op5 ov]head1 0 surr\nd$ by a wall1 9 :i* !re 0 b "o door1 at :i* ! doorkeep] 7o/i>ius7 rema9$ ?r\gh ! night1 until ! %eph]d's return 9 ! morn+4 ,a ?ief1 wi%+ to /eal %eep1 w\ld1 ( c\rse1 n attempt to ent] by ! door1 b w\ld climb ! wall4 ,on ! %eph]d's return 9 ! morn+ ! door ( ! fold 0 ?r[n op5 by ! doorkeep]1 & ea* %eph]d ent]$ & call$ 8 own %eep1 :i*1 kn[+ 8 voice1 foll[$ him to _! own pa/ure4 ,?r\gh\t ! :ole day ! %eph]d rema9$ ) !m1 gu>d+ !m f wild bea/s & robb]s1 & att5d+ to ! weak & maim$4 ,?us 8 relations ) 8 %eep 7 v close & con/ant inde$1 & mu/ be c>efully borne 9 m9d1 9 ord] t we may rightly appreciate ! full significance ( ^! beautiful p>ables4 99,he t ent]e? n by ! door into ! %eepfold499 ,if we /rip ?is language ( its metaphorical "*1 ! s5se is3 t ! tea*] :o ent]s n into ! ,*ur* ?r\gh ,*ri/ z ! door1 t is to say1 by believ+ 9 ,*ri/1 is a false tea*]1 z 7 !re=e1 ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees4 ,*ri/1 !n1 is ! door 7see v]se #g72 ! ,*ur* is ! %eepfold2 & ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees1 ) all su*1 are ! ?ieves & robb]s :o injure _! fell[m51 sometimes secretly l ?ieves1 sometimes ) op5 viol5ce l robb]s4 ,t ,*ri/ is signifi$ by 8! door10 is ! view ( ,,ss4 ,aug41 ,cyril1 ,b$e1 ,greg41 & ( ,a ,lap42 & is1 inde$1 di/9ctly /at$ by ,himself1 9 v]se #g1 aft] ,8 he>]s _h fail$ to und]/& ,8 words4 ,h5ce we unhesitat+ly reject ! view ( ,mald4 & _m o!rs1 :o take 8! door0 9 v]se #a to be diff]5t f t 9 v]se #g2 ! latt]1 !y say1 be+ ! door ( ! %eep1 ,*ri/ ,himself2 ! =m] ! door ( ! %eph]ds1 :i* ,mald4 und]/&s ( legitimate au?ority to tea*4 ,we h no d\bt t ! door 9 bo? v]ses is ! same1 because ,*ri/ beg9s to expla91 9 v]se #g3 8,jesus !re=e said to !m aga90 :at ,he _h said 9 v]ses #ae4 #b4 ,qui autem intrat p] #b4 ,b he t ent]e? 9 by o/ium1 pa/or e/ ovium4 ! door1 is ! %eph]d ( ! %eep4 #b4 ,! s5se is t he :o ent]e? by fai? 9 ,*ri/1 & by ,*ri/'s au?ority1 is a true %eph]d 71 )\t ! article74 ,su* a pa/or is contra/$ ) ! ,ph>isees :o bl9dly refus$ to ent] by ! only gate4 #c4 ,huic o/i>ius ap]it1 et #c4 ,to him ! port] op5e?2 oves vocem eius audiunt1 et & ! %eep he> 8 voice3 proprias oves vocat nom9atim1 & he calle? 8 own %eep et educit eas4 by "n1 & leade? !m out4 #c4 99,to him ! port] op5e?499 ,9 ! high] s5se1 ! port] is n ! ,scriptures1 nor ,*ri/ ,himself1 b ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,to ! true pa/or ( s\ls ! ,holy ,gho/ 8op5e?10 by giv+ him grace to tea* & gov]n rightly1 & by mov+ ! he>ts ( ! fai?ful to li/5 to & pr(it by 8 tea*+4 99,& leade? !m out499 ,x is an obvi\s & famili> pr9ciple t 9 expla9+ metaphorical language1 we are n to expect resemblance 9 all po9ts betwe5 ! two ?+s :i* are implicitly comp>$4 ,if we say ,patrick is a lion1 we mean t he has c\rage or /r5g?2 b we d n mean t he has f\r legs4 ,simil>ly1 ?\gh ! ,*ur* is comp>$ to a %eepfold1 x does n foll[ t because ! %eep _h to be l$ outside ! fold 9 ord] to f9d pa/ure1 t !re=e ! fai?ful mu/ be l$ outside ! ,*ur* be=e !y c obta9 ! spiritual food ( _! s\ls4 ,no1 ! ,*ur* is a fold :i* has its pa/ures )9 itself2 & :at ,*ri/ "h decl>es is t a good pa/or does = ! fai?ful :at ! %eph]d does = ! %eep :5 he leads !m =?2 namely1 he provides !m ) prop] n\ri%m5t4 #d4 ,et cum proprias oves #d4 ,& :5 he ha? let out emis]it1 ante eas vadit3 et 8 own %eep1 he goe? be=e oves illum sequuntur1 quia !m3 & ! %eep foll[ sciunt vocem eius4 him1 because !y "k 8 voice4 #d4 ,a good pa/or n only puts be=e 8 p ! s\nd doctr9e ( fai?1 & ! "r l9e ( duty1 b he also goes be=e !m1 guid+ & direct+ !m by 8 example1 & is rew>d$ by _! ob$i5ce1 = 8! %eep foll[ him10 & tread 9 8 foot/eps4 #e4 ,ali5um autem non #e4 ,b a /rang] !y foll[ sequuntur1 s$ fugiunt ab eo3 n1 b fly f him1 because quia non nov]unt vocem !y "k n ! voice ( ali5orum4 /rang]s4 #e4 ,! true read+ is 1 7w n foll[1 b w fly71 ! s5se1 h[ev]1 be+ ! same4 ,z ! %eep foll[$ _! own %eph]d e morn+ f ! fold to _! pa/ure1 & w\ld foll[ no /rang]1 s fai?ful ,*ri/ians take _! spiritual n\ri%m5t f1 & are ob$i5t to1 only ! true pa/or4 #f4 ,hoc prov]bium dixit eis #f4 ,?is prov]b ,jesus spoke to ,iesus4 ,illi autem non !m4 ,b !y und]/ood n cognov]unt quid loqu]etur :at he spoke to !m4 eis4 #f4 99,prov]b499 ,! ,greek ^w 77 sugge/s ! notion ( a say+ t is deep & my/]i\s & n m]ely metaphorical4 ,see ,john xvi4 #be1 #bi4 #g4 ,dixit ergo eis it]um #g4 ,jesus !re=e said to ,iesus3 ,am51 am5 dico vobis1 !m aga93 ,am51 am51 ,i say quia ego sum o/ium ovium4 to y1 ,i am ! door ( ! %eep4 #g4 99,jesus !re=e said to !m aga9992 i4e41 because !y did n und]/&1 ,he expla9s4 ,z we h said already1 we take ! door "h to be ! same z 9 v]se #a1 & ! ref]5ce 9 bo? cases to be to ,*ri/4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ,*ri/ is spok5 ( z ! door ?r\gh :i* ! %eep1 !re z ! door ?r\gh :i* ! %eph]d1 ent]$4 ,b ?is ne$ create no difficulty1 = z we expla9$ 9 our prelim9>y rem>ks on v]se #a1 !re 0 only "o door on ! ord9>y %eepfold1 & ?r\gh x bo? %eep & %eph]d ent]$4 #h4 ,omnes quotquot v5]unt1 #h4 ,all o!rs1 z _m z fures sunt et latrones1 et non h come1 are ?ieves & audi]unt eos oves4 robb]s3 & ! %eep he>d !m n4 #h4 99,all o!rs1 z _m z 9999 h come99 7_m anci5t au?orities add 8be=e ,me074 ,! s5se is3 all o!rs :o h come =w>d be=e n[1 pret5d+ to be ! door1 ! ,messias1 are ?ieves & robb]s4 ,! pres5t 8are0 is us$ to d5ote ! ess5tial "* ( _! nature4 99,b99 71 at n et7 99! %eep he>d !m n992 i4e41 did n li/5 to !m s z to rema9 _! disciples4 ,_m su* impo/ors pret5d+ to be ! ,messias _h aris5 be=e ?is "t2 su* 7 ,!odas & ,judas ( ,galilee 7,acts v4 #cf1 #cg72 &1 aft] ! "t ( ,*ri/1 ,simon ,magus1 ,b>*o*ebas1 & o!rs appe>$ 9 ! same "*4 #i4 ,ego sum o/ium4 ,p] me si #i4 ,i am ! door4 ,by me1 if quis introi]it1 salvabitur3 any man ent] 91 he %all be et +r$ietur1 et egr$ietur1 sav$3 & he %all g 91 & et pascua inv5iet4 g out1 & %all f9d pa/ures4 #i4 ,*ri/ "h decl>es ,himself ! door absolutely2 & !re=e1 z we h held1 ! door ( bo? %eep & %eph]ds4 ,he !n proce$s to expla9 9 ?is v]se :at ?is means 9 ref]5ce to ! %eep1 & 9 next v]se :at x means 9 ref]5ce to ! %eph]ds4 99,%all g 9 & g out99 is a ,hebraism 7#a ,k+s xxix4 #f2 #b ,p>al4 i4 #aj2 ,psalm4 cxx4 #h71 mean+ he %all deal securely1 confid5tly1 & freely47#gb7 #aj4 ,fur non v5it nisi ut #aj4 ,! ?ief come? n1 b furetur1 et mactet1 et p]dat4 = to /eal & to kill & ,ego v5i ut vitam habeant1 et to de/roy4 ,i am come t abundantius habeant4 !y may h life1 & may h x m abundantly4 #aj4 ,9 ref]5ce to ! pa/or1 he :o ent]s n ?r\gh ,*ri/ 7& :o is !re=e a ?ief1 v]se #a71 come? n b to /eal1 c4 ,?is v]se effects ! transition f ,*ri/ z door to ,*ri/ z %eph]d4 ,he "h sets ,himself 9 opposition to ! ?ief1 & s passes on naturally to ano!r p>able 9 :i* ,he speaks ( ,himself z %eph]d4 #aa4 ,ego sum pa/or bonus4 #aa4 ,i am ! good %eph]d4 ,bonus pa/or animam suam dat ,! good %eph]d give? 8 pro ovibus suis4 life = 8 %eep4 #aa4 99,i am ! good %eph]d99 7 72 t p>ticul> %eph]d =etold by ! prophets 7,eze*4 xxxiv4 #aa1 #ae1 #af1 #bb1 #bc2 ,za*4 xi4 #ag2 ,isai4 xl4 #aa74 ,!re is no difficulty 9 ! fact t ,*ri/ n[ calls ,himself ! %eph]d1 :]eas 9 ! prec$+ v]ses ,he has spok5 ( ,himself z ! door ( ! %eepfold4 ,= we hold t a new p>able beg9s 9 v]se #aa1 & x is obvi\sly op5 to ,*ri/ to use a new metaphor1 9 :i* to express "u a new aspect ,8 relations to ! fai?ful4 ,see xv4 #a1 :]e1 9 ! metaphor ( ! true v9e1 ,8 relations ) ! fai?ful are set =? "u yet ano!r aspect4 99,! good %eph]d give? 8 life = 8 %eep499 ,?is is to be und]/ood1 ( ,*ri/1 & is ! fir/ note ( ?is great ,%eph]d4 #ab4 ,m]c5>ius autem et qui #ab4 ,b ! hirel+1 & he non e/ pa/or1 cuius non sunt t is n ! %eph]d1 oves propriae1 videt lupum ^: own ! %eep are n1 v5i5tem1 et dimittit oves1 see? ! wolf com+1 & et fugit3 et lupus rapit1 et leave? ! %eep1 & flie?3 disp]git oves3 & ! wolf cat*e?1 & scatt]e? ! %eep4 #ab4 99,! hirel+99 is mo/ probably a pa/or :o has a div9e mission l ! ,ph>isees 7,matt4 xxiii4 #b7 :i*1 h[ev]1 he abuses = base motives ( selfint]e/4 ,su* an "o1 & also he :o has no true mission1 flie? at ! approa* ( any dang]1 ! p>ticul> dang] f ! wolf be+ put to repres5t dang] 9 g5]al4 #ac4 ,m]c5>ius autem fugit1 #ac4 ,& ! hirel+ flie?1 quia m]c5>ius e/1 et non because he is a hirel+2 & p]t9et ad eum de ovibus4 he ha? no c>e = ! %eep4 #ac4 ,! la/ ^w ( v]se #ab & ! fir/ ?ree words ( v]se #ac 9 ! ,vulgate3 8,oves3 ,m]c5>ius autem fugit10 are reg>d$ by _m z n g5u9e2 ! rema9+ portion ( v]se #ac is to be connect$ ) 8flie?0 ( v]se #ab1 9 case !y are omitt$4 #ad4 ,ego sum pa/or bonus3 et #ad4 ,i am ! good %eph]d2 cognosco meas1 et cognoscunt & ,i "k m9e1 & m9e "k me meae4 me4 #ad4 ,"h we h ano!r note ( our great ,%eph]d1 ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,he kn[s e memb] ( ,8 flock2 n m]ely ! j1 or ! elect 7z ,aug41 ,b$e1 ,ypr41 ,tol471 & wat*es ov] ea* ) special solicitude4 ,& !y1 9 turn1 "k ,him ) ! k ( fai? accompani$ by *>ity4 ,t !re is n "q m]ely ( a b>r5 fai?1 is prov$ by ! comp>ison 9 ! next v]se betwe5 ?is k & ,*ri/'s4 ,if x be object$ t all ,*ri/ians d n love ,*ri/1 we reply t1 z f> z 9 ,him lies1 !y d2 & ! purpose ( ! p>able is to %[ ,*ri/'s love & solicitude = ,8 %eep1 to %[ =? :at ,he does = !m1 n :at !y d = ,him4 ,he kn[s !m1 ga!rs !m into ,8 "o fold1 saves !m by ,8 grace "h1 & conducts !m to heav5 h]eaft]4 ,:at ! %eep mu/ d on _! "p aft] ent]+ ! fold1 is outside ! scope ( ! p>able4 #ae4 ,sicut novit me ,pat]1 et #ae4 ,z ! ,fa!r kn[e? me1 ego agnosco ,patrem3 et animam & ,i "k ! ,fa!r3 & ,i meam pono pro ovibus meis4 lay d[n my life = my %eep4 #ae4 ,connect ) #ad3 99,i "k m9e1 & m9e "k me1 z ! ,fa!r kn[e? me1 & ,i "k ! ,fa!r499 ,! k is simil>1 b n1 ( c\rse1 equal2 j z our p]fection c nev] equal ! inf9ite p]fection ( ,god1 ?\gh ,*ri/ says3 8,be ye !re=e p]fect1 z y\r heav5ly ,fa!r is p]fect40 ,matt4 v4 #dh4 99,& ,i lay d[n my life = my %eep499 ,p]fect k & sympa?y br+ =? ! p]fect rem$y1 & ,*ri/'s k & love ( ,8 %eep receive _! fitt+ consummation 9 ,8 sacrifice4 ,! words 8,i lay d[n ,my life0 %[ t ,*ri/ gave up ,8 life freely & volunt>ily 7see v]se #ah72 :ile ! clos+ words ( ! v]se prove ! vic>i\s "* ( ,*ri/'s sacrifice4 #af4 ,et alias oves habeo1 quae #af4 ,& o!r %eep ,i h1 non sunt ex hoc ovili3 et t are n ( ?is fold2 illas oportet me adduc]e1 et !m also ,i mu/ br+1 & vocem meam audi5t1 et fiet !y %all he> my voice1 & unum ovile1 et unus pa/or4 !re %all be "o fold & "o %eph]d4 #af4 ,hav+ ref]r$ to ,8 dea? = m51 ,*ri/ goes on to speak ( ! call ( ! ,g5tiles1 !reby indicat+ ! efficacy ( ,8 sacrifice = all1 :e!r ,jews or ,g5tiles4 99,& o!r %eep ,i h1 t are n ( ?is fold499 ,! o!r %eep 7 ^? ,g5tiles :o 7 outside ! ,jewi% ,*ur*1 b 7 to be br\ght )9 ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/1 s t !re might be "o fold 7r flock71 & "o %eph]d4 ,/rictly speak+1 ! ,g5tiles except v few 7 n yet ,8 %eep1 b ^? :o 7 to obey ! call are spok5 ( z su* by anticipation1 & because 9 ! designs ( ,god x 0 decre$ t !y %\ld be efficaci\sly call$ to ! fai?4 99,& !re %all be "o fold & "o %eph]d499 ,! 8"o fold10 or r 8"o flock0 771 di/9ctly implies ! unity ( ,*ri/'s ,*ur*1 & ! 8"o %eph]d10 is ,jesus ,*ri/ ,himself z invisible head1 ) ! ,pope ,8 repres5tative z visible head47#gc7 ,we h !re=e ?ree v important decl>ations 9 ?is v]se4 7#a7 ,! fai? 0 to be prea*$ to ! ,g5tiles2 7#b7 ,*ri/ 0 to h b "o flock compos$ alike ( ,jews & ,g5tiles2 7#c7 t "o flock 0 to h "o supreme visible head4 ,"s1 l ,mald41 ?9k t ! expression 8?is fold0 implies t !re 0 ano!r fold1 t is to say1 ^? :o 7 to be call$ f among ! ,g5tiles4 ,b ?is does n necess>ily foll[1 z ! contra/ may be1 & we believe is1 n betwe5 a fold ( ! ,jews & a fold ( ! ,g5tiles1 b betwe5 ! fold ( ! ,jewi% ,*ur* :i* exclud$ ! ,g5tiles1 & ! fold ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* :i* 0 to include !m4 #ag4 ,propt]ea me diligit #ag4 ,!re=e do? ! ,fa!r ,pat]3 quia ego pono animam love me3 because ,i lay d[n my meam1 ut it]um sumam eam4 life t ,i may take x aga94 #ag4 ,aft] ! p>5!tical /atem5t 9 v]se #af1 ,*ri/ takes up :at ,he _h said 9 ! end ( v]se #ae1 ab\t lay+ d[n ,8 life4 99,!re=e993 t is to say1 because ,i lay d[n ,my life1 & s obey ,him1 ! ,fa!r love? ,me4 99,t ,i may take x aga9499 8,ut0 77 _c be tak5 to express a purpose "h1 b means ei!r s z1 z ,mald4 holds1 or1 on ! condition t1 z ,patrizzi4 ,! supreme dom9ion :i* ,*ri/ "h claims ov] ,8 own life & dea?1 is a pro( ( ,8 ,div9ity4 #ah4 ,nemo tollit eam a me3 s$ #ah4 ,no man take? x away f ego pono eam a meipso1 et me3 b ,i lay x d[n ( pote/atem habeo pon5di eam3 myself1 & ,i h p[] to et pote/atem habeo it]um lay x d[n2 & ,i h p[] sum5di eam4 ,hoc m&atum to take x up aga94 ,?is accepi a ,patre meo4 comm&m5t h ,i receiv$ ( my ,fa!r4 #ah4 99,no man take? x away f me2 b ,i lay x d[n ( myself499 ,*ri/ decl>es t ,8 dea? w\ld be volunt>y1 because ,he w\ld lay d[n ,8 life freely4 ,b a difficulty "h pres5ts itself4 ,h[ 0 ,he free 9 lay+ d[n ,8 life1 if1 z ,he decl>es1 9 ! end ( ?is same v]se1 ,he _h a comm& f ,8 ,fa!r to d s8 ,surely ,he 0 b\nd n to disobey t comm&1 & ?us b\nd to die1 & s n free 9 dy+8 ,! difficulty !n is to reconcile ,*ri/'s fre$om 9 dy+ ) ! ,fa!r's comm& t ,he %\ld die4 ,_m answ]s h be5 giv54 7#a7 ,! comm& ( ! ,fa!r 0 n really a comm& or precept1 b only a wi%1 ) :i* ,*ri/1 )\t s9n+1 0 free n to correspond4 ,b ?is answ] is commonly reject$ by comm5tators & !ologians1 :o hold t !re 0 a /rict comm&4 ,h5ce3-- 7#b7 ,*ri/ 0 comm&$ to r$eem man1 b n to die4 ,he c\ld h r$eem$ u 9 _m o!r ways2 !re=e 9 *oos+ dea? z ! way1 ,he di$ freely4 ,b x is repli$ to ?is t ,/4 ,paul tells u t ,*ri/ 0 ob$i5t ev5 unto dea? 7,phil4 ii4 #h71 !reby imply+ t ,8 dea? 0 comm&$4 7#c7 ,*ri/ 0 comm&$ to die1 b 0 left free z to ! mann] & circum/ances ( ,8 dea?1 & !re=e 0 free z to ! actual dea? ,he und]w5t ^u ! cross4 ,b x is aga9 repli$ t ,/4 ,paul decl>es 8,he 0 ob$i5t unto dea?1 ev5 ! dea? ( ! cross0 7,phil4 ii4 #h74 7#d7 ,de ,lugo & o!rs hold t ,*ri/'s fre$om 9 dy+ consi/$ 9 ! fact t ,he c\ld h ask$ & obta9$ a disp5sation f ,8 ,fa!r4 ,he freely *ose n to ask a disp5sation2 !re=e ,he di$ freely4 7#e7 ,franzel9 incl9es to ! view t ! w ( ! ,fa!r 0 m]ely a 8b5eplacitum10 a wi%1 until ,*ri/ freely accept$ x1 :5 x became a comm&3 consequ5t1 h[ev]1 ^u ,*ri/'s free acceptance4 ,?us1 9 virtue ( ?is free acceptance1 ,*ri/ di$ freely1 ?\gh hav+ a comm& f ,8 ,fa!r t ,he %\ld die4 7#f7 ,la/ly1 !re is ! op9ion ( ,su>ez1 :o expla9s ?us3 ,*ri/'s human w _h1 /rictly speak+1 ! p[] ( resi/+ ! w ( ,god1 & ( s9n+1 & 0 !re=e free3 consequ5tly1 ,8 human w 0 free 9 accept+ ! comm& to die1 because1 /rictly speak+1 x _h ! p[] to resi/4 ,no d\bt ?is p[] c\ld nev] be r$uc$ to act 9 our ,div9e ,"l1 = ! ,second ,div9e ,p]son1 9 virtue ( its hypo/atic union ) ,*ri/'s humanity1 0 b\nd to pres]ve ,8 human w f s9 by ! op]ation ( grace4 8,on acc\nt ( ?is p]petual wat*fulness on ! "p ( ! ,second ,div9e ,p]son10 says ,a ,lap41 :o adopts ?is op9ion1 8! humanity ( ,*ri/ is said to be extr9sically impeccable2 n t ! ,div9ity took away ! p[] ( s9n+ 7non quod ,v]bum illam 7humanitatem7 pra$et]m9>et71 b t x always suppli$ ! grace1 "u ! influ5ce ( :i* x 0 =ese5 t ,*ri/'s human w w\ld freely fulfil ea* precept40 ,?is view we pref]2 & h5ce we hold--7#a7 t ,*ri/ _h a /rict comm& f ,8 ,fa!r to die2 7#b7 t ,8 human w _h ! p[] to disobey ?is comm&1 & 0 consequ5tly free 9 accept+ dea?2 7#c7 t ! ,second ,div9e ,p]son provid$ t ?is p[] to disobey c\ld nev] be r$uc$ to act1 & h5ce ,*ri/ 0 always extr9sically impeccable4 #ai4 ,diss5sio it]um facta e/ #ai4 ,a diss5sion rose aga9 int] ,iudaeos propt] s]mones among ! ,jews = ^! hos4 words4 #bj4 ,dicebant autem multi ex #bj4 ,& _m ( !m said3 ,he ipsis3 ,daemonium habet1 et ha? a devil1 & is mad3 :y insanit3 quid eum auditis8 he> y him8 #ba4 ,alii dicebant3 ,haec v]ba #ba4 ,o!rs said3 ,^! are n non sunt daemonium hab5tis2 ! words ( "o t ha? a numquid daemonium pote/ devil3 ,c a devil op5 ! caecorum oculos ap]ire8 eyes ( ! bl9d8 #aiba4 ,aga91 z on previ\s occasions !re 0 a diff]5ce ( op9ion among ! lead]s ( ! ,jews4 #bb4 ,facta sunt autem enca5ia #bb4 ,& x 0 ! fea/ ( 9 ,i]osoylmis3 et hiems erat4 ! d$ication at ,j]usalem2 & x 0 w9t]4 #bb4 ,a new *apt] might well h be5 begun "h4 ,! ev5ts & disc\rses record$ by ! ,evangeli/1 f *apt] viii41 probably foll[$ close ^u ! ,fea/ ( ,tab]nacles 7vii4 #b74 ,n[ ! ,evangeli/ sudd5ly passes on to ! ,fea/ ( ,purification4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( m ?an two mon?s t int]v5$ 7see above on v4 #a71 ,*ri/ return$ to ,galilee 7,luke ix4 #ea2 xiii4 #bb72 or1 z ,patrizzi holds1 sp5t 8 "t 9 ! c\ntry p>ts ( ,judea1 away f ,j]usalem4 ,! ,fea/ ( ! ,d$ication in/itut$ by ,judas ,maccabeus1 ab\t #afe ,b4,c41 9 memory ( ! cleans+ ( ! temple & d$ication ( ! alt> ( holocau/s aft] ! defeat ( ! ,syrians1 0 celebrat$ annually = eight days4 ,! fir/ day ( ! fea/ 0 ! #be? ( ,casleu1 ! n9? mon? ( ! ,jewi% sacr$ ye>1 :i* correspond$ to ! latt] "p ( our ,novemb] & ! fir/ "p ( ,decemb]4 ,see #a ,ma*4 iv4 #ei4 #bc4 ,et ambulabat ,iesus 9 #bc4 ,& ,jesus walk$ 9 ! templo1 9 porticu ,salomonis4 temple 9 ,solomon's por*4 #bc4 ,& because x 0 w9t]1 ,jesus 0 walk+ 9 ,solomon's por*4 ,?is 0 probably a cloi/]1 op5 on "o side1 & cov]$ ov]head1 & /ood1 accord+ to ,beel4 7,comm4 on ,acts iii4 #aa71 on ! ea/]n side ( ! c\rt ( ! ,g5tiles4 ,t ! ,por* ( ,solomon ref]r$ to 9 #c ,k+s vi4 #c2 #b ,p>al4 iii4 #d1 is n meant "h 7z ,mald4 holds71 we feel c]ta92 = t be+ )9 ! c\rt ( ! prie/s1 ,*ri/ w\ld n h be5 p]mitt$ by ! ,jewi% prie/s to approa*1 mu* less walk1 !re4 #bd4 ,circumd$]unt ergo eum #bd4 ,! ,jews !re=e came ,iudaei1 et dicebant ei3 r\nd ab\t him1 & said to ,qu\sque animam no/ram him3 ,h[ long do/ ?\ hold tollis8 si tu es ,*ri/us1 dic our s\ls 9 susp5se8 if ?\ nobis palam4 be ! ,*ri/ tell u pla9ly4 #bd4 99,h[ long do/ ?\ hold our s\ls 9 susp5se899 ,! phrase "h us$ by ! ,evangeli/ to record ! words ( ! ,jews is a ,hebraism 7see ,exod4 xxxv4 #ba2 ,deut4 xxiv4 #ae2 ,prov4 xix4 #bc74 ,!y wi%$ ,*ri/ to /ate op5ly t ,he 0 _! ,messias1 _! ,k+1 probably 9 ord] t !y might accuse ,him be=e ! ,roman au?orities ( treason aga9/ ,rome4 #be4 ,respondit eis ,iesus4 #be4 ,jesus answ]$ !m3 ,i ,loquor vobis1 et non cr$itis3 speak to y1 & y believe op]a quae ego facio 9 nom9e n3 ! works t ,i d 9 ,patris mei1 haec te/imonium ! "n ( my ,fa!r1 !y p]hib5t de me3 give te/imony ( me4 #bf4 ,s$ vos non cr$itis1 quia #bf4 ,b y d n believe3 non e/is ex ovibus meis4 because y are n ( my %eep4 #be1 #bf4 ,he aga9 appeals to ,8 miracles1 & upbraids _! incr$ulity4 #bg4 ,oves meae vocem meam #bg4 ,my %eep he> my voice3 audiunt3 et ego cognosco eas1 & ,i "k !m1 & !y et sequntur me3 foll[ me4 #bg4 ,we pref] to und]/& ! 99%eep99 "h1 z 9 v]se #ad1 n ( ! j m]ely1 nor ( ! elect only1 b1 ) ,a ,lap41 ( all ! fai?ful4 ,all ! fai?ful he> ,*ri/1 s z to believe1 & 9 ?is !y are contra/$ ) ^? address$ 9 ! prec$+ v]se1 :o believe n2 & all too foll[ ,*ri/ s z to imitate ,8 example1 z f> z lies 9 ,him4 #bh4 ,et ego vitam aet]nam d #bh4 ,& ,i give !m life eis3 et non p]ibunt 9 ev]la/+2 & !y %all aet]num1 et non rapiet eas n p]i% = ev]1 & no quisquam de manu mea4 man %all pluck !m out ( my h&4 #bh4 ,9 ! same s5se ,he gives !m life et]nal1 & !y %all n p]i%1 & 7 =7 no "o c snat* !m f ,8 h&4 ,z f> z _! salvation dep5ds ^u ,him1 !y %all be sav$2 !y may inde$ fail to correspond ) ,8 grace1 b !y %all n p]i% ?r\gh ,8 fault4 ,!y may des]t ,him !mselves1 b no "o %all snat* !m f ,him4 #bi4 ,pat] meus quod d$it #bi4 ,t :i* my ,fa!r ha? mihi1 maius omnibus e/3 et giv5 me is great] ?an all3 nemo pote/ rap]e de manu & no "o c snat* !m ,patris mei4 out ( ! h& ( my ,fa!r4 #cj4 ,ego et ,pat] unum sumus4 #cj4 ,i & ! ,fa!r are "o4 #bi1 #cj4 ,he proves t no "o %all snat* !m f ,him4 ,no "o %all snat* !m f ! ,fa!r 7:o is great] & m p[]ful ?an all74 ,b ,i & ! ,fa!r are "o 9 nature & p[]2 !re=e no "o %all snat* !m f ,me4 ,?is is ! argum5t 9 ! m probable ,greek read+1 & is m natural ?an t af=d$ by ! ,vulgate4 ,we w\ld read !n in/ead ( ! pres5t ,vulgate text 9 v]se #bi3 8,pat] meus qui d$it mihi major omnibus e/10 c47#gd7 ,note t ! unity ) ! ,fa!r to :i* ,*ri/ "h lays claim is n a moral union1 b a unity ( nature & p[]1 else ! pro( ( ,8 /atem5t t no "o c\ld snat* ,8 %eep f ,8 h&s w\ld n be valid4 #ca4 ,su/ul]unt ergo lapides #ca4 ,! ,jews !n took up ,iudaei1 ut lapid>5t eum4 /ones to /one him4 #ca4 ,see above on viii4 #ei4 #cb4 ,respondit eis ,iesus3 ,multa #cb4 ,jesus answ]$ !m3 ,_m bona op]a o/5di vobis ex good works ,i h %ew$ y ,patre meo1 propt] quod eorum f my ,fa!r2 = :i* ( opus me lapidatis8 ^? works d y /one me8 #cb4 99,= :i* ( ^? works d y /one me899 i4e41 wi% to /one ,me47#ge7 #cc4 ,respond]unt ei ,iudaei3 ,de #cc4 ,! ,jews answ]$ him3 ,= bono op]e non lapidamus te1 a good "w we /one !e n1 s$ de blasphemia2 et quia tu b = blasphemy2 & because homo cum sis1 facis teipsum t ?\1 be+ a man1 make/ ,deum4 ?yself ,god8 #cd4 ,respondit eis ,iesus3 ,nonne #cd4 ,jesus answ]$ !m3 ,is x scriptum e/ 9 lege ve/ra n writt5 9 y\r law3 ,i quia3 ,ego dixi1 dii e/is8 said y are gods8 #cd4 ,to ! *>ge ( blasphemy ,*ri/ replies1 & ,8 reply has be5 (t5 urg$ by ,arians & ,unit>ians to %[ t ,he did n claim to be ! natural ,son ( ,god1 b m]ely meant to call ,himself ,god 9 "s improp] s5se1 analog\s to t 9 :i* ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures sometimes speak ( judges1 :o 7 m]ely m51 z gods4 ,! s5se ( v]se #cd is3 m5 are call$ gods 9 y\r own law1 ! ref]5ce be+ to ,psalm lxxxi4 #f4 #ce4 ,si illos dixit deos1 ad #ce4 ,if he call$ !m gods1 to quos s]mo ,dei factus e/1 et :om ! ^w ( ,god 0 non pote/ solvi scriptura3 spok51 & ! scripture _c be brok52 #cf4 ,quem ,pat] sanctificavit1 #cf4 ,d y say ( him1 :om et misit 9 mundum1 vos ! ,fa!r ha? sanctifi$ & dicitis3 ,quia blasphemas1 quia s5t into ! _w3 ,?\ dixi1 ,filius ,dei sum4 blaspheme/1 because ,i said1 ,i am ! ,son ( ,god8 #ce1 #cf4 ,:ile all ,ca?olic comm5tators & !ologians cont5d t ,*ri/ does n 9 ^! two v]ses )draw ,8 claim to true ,div9ity1 yet !y diff] z to ! s5se ( ,8 reply1 & h5ce z to ! int]pretation ( ! v]ses4 7#a7 ,"s1 z ,franzel91 hold t ,*ri/ "h proves bo? t ,he is ,god1 & t ,he has a "r to call ,himself ,god4 ,! argum5t !n is accord+ to ^!3 if y\r judges c\ld be call$ gods1 ev5 9 an improp] s5se1 h[ mu* m 9 ! /ricte/ s5se c ,he be call$ & is ,he ,god1 :om ! ,fa!r g5]at$ holy ) ,8 own hol9ess1 & s5t into ! _w8 7#b7 ,o!rs1 z ,m>an1 ,jungmann1 c41 expla9 ! argum5t "h f ! context 9 ! #ha/ ,psalm4 ,*ri/1 !y say1 reasons ?us4 ,if m5 c\ld be call$ gods1 z !y are 9 ,sacr$ ,scripture 7& ! ,sacr$ ,scripture _c be ga9said71 h[ mu* m1 9 a /rict s5se1 c ,he be call$ ,god1 & is ,he ,god1 :om ! same ,scriptures address 9 ! #h? v]se ( ! same #ha/ ,psalm3 8,arise1 ,o ,god1 judge ,?\ ! e>?1 = ,?\ %alt inh]it among ! nations08 7#c7 ,o!rs hold t ,*ri/ 9 ^! two v]ses does n insi/ ^u ! nature ( ,8 ,son%ip1 b cont5ts ,himself ) %[+ t ,he has a "r to call ,himself ,god2 !n 9 ! foll[+ v]ses ,he %[s t ,he is ,god 9 ! /ricte/ s5se4 ,9 ?is view ,*ri/ presc9ds 9 ^! v]ses f ! s5se 9 :i* ,he is ,god1 & %[s t 9 "s s5se1 z ! legate ( ! ,fa!r1 ,he has a "r to be call$ ,god4 ,?is 0 suffici5t = ! mom5t to %ut ! m\?s ( ,8 adv]s>ies4 ,:e!r ,he is ,god 9 ! true/ & /ricte/ s5se1 or only 9 an improp] s5se1 ,he does n "h insi/1 ?\gh ,8 language %[s t ev5 9 ^! v]ses ,he speaks ( ,himself z truly ,god4 ,= ! argum5t %[s t 9 conclud+1 9 v]se #cf1 t ,he has a "r to call ,himself 8,son ( ,god10 ,he means to ju/ify 8 orig9al /atem5t3 8,i & ! ,fa!r are "o0 7v]se #cj72 b ^! /atem5ts are synonym\s1 & ! "o ju/ifies ! o!r only :5 !re is "q ( natural ,son%ip4 ,no m]ely adopt$ son ( ,god c\ld say t ,he is "o ) ! ,fa!r4 ,any ( ^! answ]s solves ! objection drawn f ^! v]ses aga9/ ,*ri/'s ,div9ity2 b we pref] ! la/1 & hold1 !re=e1 t ,*ri/ fir/ proves aga9/ ! ,ph>isees t ,he has a "r to call ,himself ,god1 & !n goes on to %[ 9 :at s5se ,he is ,god4 #cg4 ,si non facio op]a ,patris #cg4 ,if ,i d n ! works ( mei1 nolite cr$]e mihi4 my ,fa!r1 believe me n4 #ch4 ,si autem facio1 et si mihi #ch4 ,b if ,i d1 ?\gh y non vultis cr$]e1 op]ibus w n believe me1 believe cr$ite1 ut cognoscatis et ! works3 t y may "k cr$atis quia ,pat] 9 me e/1 & believe t ! ,fa!r is et ego 9 ,patre4 9 me1 & ,i 9 ! ,fa!r4 #cg1 #ch4 ,he appeals to ,8 miracles z a pro( t ,he is ,god 9 ! /ricte/ s5se4 ,see notes on iii4 #b4 99,t ! ,fa!r is 9 me1 & ,i 9 ! ,fa!r499 ,accord+ to ! fa!rs1 ?is is a /atem5t 9 o!r words ( :at ,he said above3 8,i & ! ,fa!r are "o40 8,! ,son10 says ,/4 ,augu/9e on ?is v]se1 does n say3 8,! ,fa!r is 9 ,me1 & ,i 9 ,him1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* m5 :o ?9k & act aright may say ! l2 mean+ t !y p>take ( ,god's grace1 & are enlight5$ by ,8 ,_s4 ,! ,onlybegott5 ,son ( ,god is 9 ! ,fa!r1 & ! ,fa!r 9 ,him1 z an equal 9 an equal40 #ci4 ,qua]ebant ergo eum #ci4 ,!y s\ght !re=e to appreh5d]e3 et exivit de take him2 & he escap$ out manibus eorum4 ( _! h&s4 #ci4 99,!y s\ght !re=e to take him499 ,^! words prove t ,8 he>]s did n und]/& ,*ri/ to retract :at ,he _h said4 #dj4 ,et abiit it]um trans #dj4 ,& he w5t aga9 beyond ,iordanem1 9 eum locum ubi ! ,jordan into t place erat ,ioannes baptizans primum3 :]e ,john 0 baptiz+ et mansit illic4 fir/3 & !re he abode4 #dj4 ,he w5t aga9 to ,be?ania beyond ! ,jordan4 ,see above on i4 #bh4 ,! "n ( ,be?ania mu/ h be5 de> to our ,evangeli/1 because x 0 probably 9 its neighb\rhood he _h fir/ met 8 heav5ly ,ma/]4 #da4 ,et multi v5]unt ad eum1 #da4 ,& _m resort$ to him1 et dicebant3 ,quia ,ioannes & !y said3 ,john inde$ did quidem signum fecit nullum4 no sign4 #da4 99,john inde$ did no sign499 ,?is rem>k is ( great importance z %[+ h[ little t5d5cy !re 0 to inve/ great & popul> tea*]s ) miracul\s p[]s4 ,& yet ! ,rationali/s w h u believe t our ,"l's miracles 7 all a popul> delusion6 #db4 ,omnia autem quaecumque #db4 ,b all ?+s :atsoev] dixit ,ioannes de hoc1 v]a ,john said ( ?is man 7 erant4 ,et multi cr$id]unt 9 true4 ,& _m believ$ 9 eum4 him4 #db4 99,& _m believ$ 9 him499 ,mo/ au?orities add ! note ( place !re 771 z if ! ,evangeli/ wi%$ to br+ out into bold] relief ! incr$ulity ( ! ,jews 7v]se #ci71 by contra/+ x ) ! fai? ( ^? beyond ! ,jordan4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 #ac4 99,! illness ( ,laz>us is made kn[n to ,*ri/499 #daj4 99,aft] ! lapse ( two days1 ,*ri/ proposes to return to ,judea2 ! disciples try to dissuade ,him499 #aaaf4 99,be=e sett+ out1 ,he decl>es t ,laz>us is dead499 #agcb4 99,on ,*ri/'s approa* ,he is met by ! si/]s ( ,laz>us1 & _m ,jews499 #ccdd4 99,hav+ groan$ 9 ! _s1 wept1 & return$ ?anks to ,8 ,fa!r1 ,he raises ,laz>us f ! dead499 #deec4 99,_m believ$ 9 ,him on acc\nt ( ! miracle1 b ! *ief prie/s & ,ph>isees =?) resolv$ on putt+ ,him to dea?499 #edef4 99,jesus retir$ f ! neighb\rhood ( ,j]usalem1 & ! *ief prie/s & ,ph>isees gave ord]s1 t anyone kn[+ :]e ,he 01 %\ld in=m ^u ,him1 9 ord] t ,he might be arre/$499 #a4 ,erat autem quidam langu5s #a4 ,n[ !re 0 a c]ta9 man ,laz>us a ,be?ania1 de sick nam$ ,laz>us1 ( ca/ello ,m>iae et ,m>?ae ,be?ania1 ( ! t[n ( ,m>y sororis eius4 & ( ,m>?a h] si/]4 #a4 8,! n>rative ( ! rais+ ( ,laz>us is unique 9 its complet5ess4 ,! ess5tial circum/ances ( ! fact 9 reg>d to p]sons1 mann]1 results1 are giv5 ) p]fect di/9ctness4 ,! hi/ory is m complete ?an t 9 *apt] ix41 because ! p]sons /& 9 clos] connection ) ! ,"l ?an ! bl9d man1 & ! ev5t itself _h 9 _m ways a rul+ influ5ce on ! end ( ,8 m9i/ry4 ,f\r sc5es are to be di/+ui%$3--7#a7 ! prelude to ! miracle 7#aaf72 7#b7 ! sc5e at ,be?any 7#agcb72 7#c7 ! miracle 7#ccdd72 7#d7 ! imm$iate issues ( ! miracle 7#deeg70 7,we/cott 9 ! ,speak]s ,comm474 99,be?ania499 ,?is village lay ne>ly two miles ea/ ( ,j]usalem2 see v]se #ah1 & our rem>ks on vi4 #ai4 ,to prev5t ! read] f conf\nd+ x ) ,be?ania beyond ! ,jordan 7i4 #bh71 ! ,evangeli/ adds t he means ! village ( ,m>y & ( ,m>?a h] si/]1 :o are suppos$ to be already kn[n to ! read] f ! ,synoptic ,gospels4 ,see1 e4g41 ,luke x4 #chdb4 ,be?ania is spok5 ( z _! village1 n because !y own$ x1 b because !y resid$ !re1 j z ,be?saida is call$ ! city ( ,&rew & ,pet] 7i4 #dd74 ,9 ?is village1 !n1 ,laz>us 0 s]i\sly ill 72 see ,james v4 #ad74 #b4 7,m>ia autem erat1 quae #b4 7,& ,m>y 0 %e t unxit ,dom9um ungu5to1 et ano9t$ ! ,"l ) ext]sit p$es eius capillis o9tm5t & wip$ 8 feet suis3 cuius frat] ,laz>us ) h] hair3 ^: bro!r infirmabatur47 ,laz>us 0 sick47 #b4 ,! ,greek aori/ 7 7 %[s t ! ref]5ce is to "s unction t _h already tak5 place1 & n to t :i* happ5$ subsequ5tly1 & :i* is n>rat$ by our ,evangeli/ 7xii4 #c2 ,matt4 xxvi4 #g2 ,m>k xiv4 #c74 ,! unction "h ref]r$ to we take to be t record$ by ,/4 ,luke 7vii4 #cg1 #ch72 & h5ce1 not)/&+ _! app>5tly diff]5t *>act]s1 we reg>d ,m>y ! si/] ( ,laz>us 7xi4 #b7 z id5tical ) 8! woman :o 0 a s9n] 9 ! city0 7,luke vii4 #cg74 ,= ,/4 ,john 9 ! words3 8,m>y 0 %e t ano9t$ ! ,"l10 c41 c]ta9ly seems to speak ( an unction already kn[n to 8 read]s1 & ! only unction ( ,*ri/1 z f> z is kn[n1 t _h tak5 place be=e ?is illness ( ,laz>us1 is t record$ by ,/4 ,luke 9 ! passage ref]r$ to4 ,9 ?is view1 !n1 our ,"l 0 twice ano9t$ by a woman2 on ! fir/ occasion 9 ! h\se ( ,simon ! ,ph>isee 7,luke vii4 #dj1 #df71 probably 9 ,galilee 7see ,luke vii4 #aa71 z record$ by ,/4 ,luke vii4 #cg1 #ch2 on ! second occasion at ,be?ania1 9 ,judea1 9 ! h\se ( ,simon ! lep] 7,matt4 xxvi4 #f71 z record$ by ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 & ,john 7,j4 xii4 #c74 ,z ! pres5t v]se proves t ,m>y1 ! si/] ( ,laz>us1 _h already ano9t$ our ,"l3 & z ,john xii4 #c1 ) its context1 proves t ! same si/] ( ,laz>us aga9 ano9t$ ,him on a subsequ5t occasion1 we hold t ! only woman ref]r$ to 9 ! ,gospels z hav+ ano9t$ ! liv+ body ( our ,"l1 is ,m>y1 ! si/] ( ,laz>us2 & t %e did s on two diff]5t occasions4 ,?us1 z already /at$1 we id5tify ,luke's 8s9n] 9 ! city0 ) ! si/] ( ,laz>us4 ,if x be object$ t ! contemplative "* ( ! si/] ( ,laz>us 7,luke x4 #chdb71 & ! close fri5d%ip ( ,jesus ) h] & h] family 7,john xi4 #c1 #e71 =bid u to reg>d h] z id5tical ) ! woman :o _h once be5 8a s9n] 9 ! city10 we reply t ,m>y1 conv]t$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( our ,"l's public life1 _h n[ = "s ye>s l$ an edify+ life ( p5ance4 ,z a s9n] %e _h liv$ 9 "s city ( ,galilee1 f> away f home1 :i!r %e may h gone ) "s lov] :om %e met at ,j]usalem at "o ( ! great fe/ivals2 n[ %e liv$ ) h] bro!r at ,be?ania1 9 ,judea1 :]e possibly h] =m] s9ful life may h be5 unkn[n1 s t !re 0 no dang] ( sc&al 9 ,*ri/'s fri5d%ip ) h]self & h] family4 ,to ^? :o1 l ,/e5ki/e 7,comm4 on ,matt4 ,quaes4 #fgh1 conclusio71 h 8a deep root$ repugnance0 to believ+ t ! si/] ( ,laz>us _h ev] be5 a public s9n]1 we w\ld recall ! fact t !re are _m s9n]s 9 heav5 today enjoy+ ! society ( ,god aft] a f> %ort] p5ance ?an we require to suppose 9 ! case ( ! si/] ( ,laz>us1 be=e %e began to enjoy ! fri5d%ip ( ,*ri/4 ,our ,div9e ,"l's t5d]ness & m]cy t[>ds s9n]s are writt5 on e page ( ! ,gospels1 & ! only real difficulty "h is t to :i* we h already repli$1 aris+ f ! dang] ( sc&al1 ?r\gh our ,"l's associat+ ) su* a woman4 ,?us f> we h spok5 only ( 8! s9n]10 & ! si/] ( ,laz>us2 b !re is a fur!r "q1 :e!r ,m>y ,magdal5 7,luke viii4 #b2 ,matt4 xxvii4 #ef1 #fa2 ,matt4 xxviii4 #a2 ,john xx4 #a1 c47 & !y are all ?ree1 "o & ! same p]son4 ,we believe x to be m probable t !y are4 ,! m common op9ion among ! fa!rs id5tifies ! ?ree2 f ! six? till ! sev5te5? c5tury _! id5tity 0 unque/ion$ 9 ! ,we/]n ,*ur*2 & our ,roman ,brevi>y & ,missal /ill id5tify !m on ! ,fea/ ( ,/4 ,m>y ,magdal51 ! #bbnd ( ,july4 ,s1 too1 ,t]tull41 ,gregory ! ,great1 ,mald41 ,natal,alex41 ,mauduit1 ,m',ev41 ,corluy4 ,we h /at$ :at we consid] ! mo/ probable view--t ,*ri/ 0 twice ano9t$ dur+ ,8 public life1 & on bo? occasions by ! same p]son1 ! si/] ( ,laz>us1 :o is id5tical ) 8! s9n]0 & ,magdal54 ,x is "r1 h[ev]1 t we %\ld add1 t !re is great div]sity ( op9ion1 ev5 among ,ca?olic comm5tators4 ,"s h held t !re 7 ?ree diff]5t unctions1 o!rs t !re 0 only "o4 ,"s h held t ! si/] ( ,laz>us1 8! s9n]10 & ,magdal5 are all ?ree di/9ct2 o!rs1 t at lea/ ! si/] ( ,laz>us & ! s9n] are di/9ct2 & among ^? :o w n admit ! id5tity ( all ?ree are f\nd su* able comm5tators z ,/4 ,*rys41 ,e/ius1 ,calmet1 ,beel54 ,9 su* a case1 :]e ! ,scriptures are obscure1 :]e ! fa!rs disagree1 :]e comm5tators are s divid$1 & ! ,greek ,*ur*1 :i* celebrates ?ree diff]5t fea/s = ! ?ree wom51 seems 7we say seems1 because ! diff]5t fea/s might possibly be celebrat$ 9 hon\r ( ! same woman7 to diff] f ! ,lat91 x is h>d to atta9 to any?+ m ?an probability1 & we h set =? above :at1 aft] a v c>eful exam9ation ( ! :ole "q1 seems to u mo/ probable4 ,see ,corl41 ,diss]t41 p4 #bfc & foll42 ,mald4 on ,matt4 xxvi4 #f1 #g1 & xxvii4 #ef2 ,/e5k4 on ,matt4 ,quaes4 #fgh4 #c4 ,mis]unt ergo sorores eius #c4 ,8 si/]s !re=e s5t ad eum1 dic5tes3 ,dom9e1 ecce to him1 say+3 ,"l1 behold1 quem amas infirmatur4 he :om ?\ love/ is sick4 #c4 ,!y m]ely ann\nce _! tr\ble ?r\gh a mess5g]1 & 9 hopeful confid5ce leave ! rem$y to ,jesus4 8,sufficit ut nov]is3 non enim amas et des]is0 7,/4 ,aug4 on ?is v]se74 #d4 ,audi5s autem ,iesus dixit #d4 ,& ,jesus he>+ x1 said eis3 ,infirmitas haec non e/ to !m3 ,?is sickness is n ad mortem1 s$ pro gloria ,dei1 unto dea?1 b = ! glory ut glorificetur ,filius ,dei p] ( ,god3 t ! ,son ( ,god eam4 may be glorifi$ by x4 #d4 99,& ,jesus he>+ x1 said to !m99 78to !m0 7eis7 is n g5u9e73 99,?is sickness is n unto dea?1 b = ! glory ( ,god3 t ! ,son ( ,god may be glorifi$ by x499 ,! words ( ,*ri/ 7 obscure until ! miracle ?rew light ^u !m4 ,!y mean t ! sickness ( ,laz>us 0 n to end 9 ord9>y dea?1 = ord9>y dea? is ! end ( mortal life1 :]eas ,laz>us 0 to live aga9 a mortal life4 ,! sickness & dea? ( ,laz>us 7 int5d$ to %[ =? ! ,div9e p[] ( ,jesus 9 ! miracle to be wr\ght4 #e4 ,diligebat autem ,iesus #e4 ,n[ ,jesus lov$ ,m>?a & ,m>?am1 et sororem eius h] si/] ,m>y1 & ,laz>us4 ,m>iam1 et ,laz>um4 #e4 ,"s connect ?is v]se ) :at has gone be=e1 z giv+ ! reason :y ! si/]s ( ,laz>us in=m$ ,jesus ( ! illness ( ,8 fri5d4 ,b x is bett] to connect ) :at foll[s 9 ?is way4 ,jesus lov$ ,laz>us1 & !re=e :5 ,he _h rema9$ 9 ! same place two days1 !n ,he said3 ,let u g into ,judea aga91 z if ,he 7 unable to rema9 any long] away f ,8 fri5d4 ,?us x is n m]ely ,8 return to ,judea1 b ,8 return aft] two days1 t proves ,8 fri5d%ip4 ,_h ,he return$ soon]1 ! miracle ( ! rais+ ( ,laz>us w\ld h be5 less /rik+1 & w\ld n h af=d$ to ,m>?a & ,m>y su* a p[]ful motive ( fai?4 ,see bel[ on v]se #ae4 ,! pass+ notice "h ( a fri5d%ip t mu/ h be5 ! result ( long & intimate int]c\rse %[s u h[ incomplete are ! ,gospel records4 ,x is v int]e/+ to notice h[ 9 ?is v]se ,/4 ,john ref]s to ! love ( ,jesus = ,laz>us & 8 si/]s by a diff]5t ^w f t us$ by ! si/]s 9 v]se #c4 ,in/ead ( 1 :i* expresses ! affection ( p]sonal atta*m5t1 ,/4 ,john1 n[ t !re is "q ( ! love ( ,jesus n only = ,laz>us b also = 8 si/]s1 uses 1 :i* expresses r e/eem ?an love1 r a reason+ appreciation ?an a he>tfelt atta*m5t4 ,see bel[ on xxi4 #aeag1 :]e ! contra/ betwe5 ! two words is mo/ m>k$4 #f4 ,ut ergo audivit quia1 #f4 ,:5 he _h he>d !re=e infirmabatur1 tunc quidem t he 0 sick1 he /ill mansit 9 eodem loco duobus rema9$ 9 ! same place two diebus4 days4 #g4 ,de9de po/ haec dixit #g4 ,!n aft] t he said to discipulis suis3 ,eamus 9 8 disciples3 ,let u g into ,iudaeam it]um4 ,judea aga94 #h4 ,dicunt ei discipuli3 ,rabbi1 #h4 ,! disciples say to him3 nunc qua]ebant te ,iudaei ,rabbi1 ! ,jews b n[ s\ght lapid>e1 et it]um vadis to /one !e3 & goe/ ?\ illuc8 ?i!r aga98 #h4 ,! disciples1 fe>+ = ,8 safety & = _! own 7see v]se #af1 :]e ,?omas takes x = grant$ t return to ,judea meant dea? to ,him & !m71 try to dissuade ,him f return+4 #i4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,nonne #i4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,are !re duodecim sunt horae diei8 ,si n twelve h\rs ( ! day8 quis ambulav]it 9 die1 non ,if a man walk 9 ! day1 he (f5dit1 quia lucem huius /umble? n1 because he mundi videt3 see? ! light ( ?is _w4 #i4 ,! mean+ is3 j z a man walks safely & )\t /umbl+ dur+ ! p]iod ( daylight1 :i* is a fix$ p]iod t _c be %ort5$3 s1 dur+ ! "t appo9t$ = ,my mortal life by ,my ,fa!r1 ,i am safe1 & s are y4 #aj4 ,si autem ambulav]it 9 #aj4 ,b if he walk 9 ! nocte (f5dit1 quia lux non night he /umble?1 because e/ 9 eo4 ! light is n 9 him4 #aj4 ,b aft] ! "t ( ,my mortal life1 !n1 inde$1 y may expect p]secution & suff]+2 = :5 ,i am gone1 y %all be z m5 walk+ aft] ! sun's light has gone d[n4 #aa4 ,haec1 ait1 et po/ haec #aa4 ,^! ?+s he said3 & dixit eis3 ,laz>us amicus aft] t he said to !m3 no/] dormit3 s$ vado ut a ,laz>us our fri5d sleepe?2 somno excitem eum4 b ,i g t ,i may awake him out ( sleep4 #ab4 ,dix]unt ergo discipuli #ab4 ,8 disciples !re=e eius3 ,dom9e1 si dormit1 said3 ,"l1 if he sleep1 he salvus erit4 %all d well4 #ac4 ,dix]at autem ,iesus de #ac4 ,b ,jesus spoke ( 8 morte ejus3 illi autem dea?2 & !y ?\ght t putav]unt quia de dormitione he spoke ( ! repose ( somni dic]et4 sleep4 #ad4 ,tunc ergo ,iesus dixit eis #ad4 ,!n !re=e ,jesus said manife/e3 ,laz>us mortuus to !m pla9ly3 ,laz>us is e/3 dead2 #aaad4 ,jesus decl>es ( ,8 own ,div9e k 7!re is no h9t ( a second message7 t ,laz>us sleeps4 ,! disciples fail to und]/&1 & ,he expla9s4 #ae4 ,et gaudeo propt] vos1 ut #ae4 ,& ,i am glad = y\r cr$atis1 quoniam non eram sakes1 t ,i 0 n !re1 ibi2 s$ eamus ad eum4 t y may believe3 b let u g to him4 #ae4 ,jesus rejoices t ,he 0 n ) ,laz>us1 9 :i* case ,8 t5d] m]cies w\ld h l$ ,him to prev5t ! dea? ( ,laz>us1 & ,he rejoices = ! sake ( ,8 disciples1 inasmu* z a new & p[]ful motive to /r5g!n _! fai? w\ld n[ be af=d$ !m 9 ! miracle to be wr\ght4 #af4 ,dixit ergo ,?omas1 qui #af4 ,?omas !re=e1 :o is dicitur ,didymus1 ad call$ ,didymus1 said to 8 condiscipulos3 ,eamus et nos1 fell[disciples3 ,let u also ut moriamur cum eo4 g1 t we may die ) him4 #af4 ,see v]se #h4 99,?omas991 ,aramaic 1 means a tw91 ! ,greek equival5t be+ ,didymus4 ,! ,greek equival5t is aga9 m5tion$ aft] ! "n 9 xx4 #bd1 xxi4 #b4 ,possibly ,?omas 0 commonly kn[n 9 ,asia ,m9or z ,didymus4 #ag4 ,v5it itaque ,iesus3 et #ag4 ,jesus !re=e came & inv5it eum quatuor dies iam f\nd t he _h be5 f\r 9 monum5to hab5tem4 days already 9 ! grave4 #ag4 99,f\r days499 ,! day ( ! mess5g]'s arrival w\ld probably be ! fir/ day3 two o!r days our ,"l rema9$ 9 ,p]aea aft] ,he _h receiv$ ! news1 & "o m ,he w\ld be likely to sp5d 9 ! j\rney to ,be?ania4 ,dy+ ^u ! fir/ day1 ,laz>us1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! ,jews1 t burial %\ld imm$iately foll[ on dea? 7see1 e4g41 ,acts v4 #f1 #aj71 _h be5 buri$ on t same day1 z a comp>ison ( ?is v]se ) #ci cle>ly proves4 #ah4 7,erat autem ,be?ania iuxta #ah4 7,n[ ,be?ania 0 ne> ,i]osolyman quasi /adiis ,j]usalem1 ab\t fifte5 qu9decim47 furlongs (f47 #ah4 ,see above on v]se #a1 & especially on vi4 #ai4 #ai4 ,multi autem ex ,iudaeis #ai4 ,& _m ( ! ,jews 7 v5]ant ad ,m>?am et ,m>iam1 come to ,m>?a & ,m>y1 to ut consol>5tur eas de fratre com=t !m conc]n+ _! suo4 bro!r4 #ai4 99,! ,jews991 :om our ,evangeli/ always c>efully di/+ui%es f ! 8turba10 or l[] class1 7 lead+ m5 among ! p2 s t x appe>s f ?is t ! family ( ,laz>us _h a good social /&+4 #bj4 ,m>?a ergo ut audivit #bj4 ,m>?a !re=e1 z soon quia ,iesus v5it1 occurrit z %e he>d t ,jesus 0 illi3 ,m>ia1 autem domi come1 w5t to meet him2 b s$ebat4 ,m>y sat at home4 #ba4 ,dixit ergo ,m>?a ad #ba4 ,m>?a !re=e said to ,iesum3 ,dom9e si fuisses hic1 ,jesus3 ,"l1 if ?\ had/ frat] meus non fuisset be5 "h1 my bro!r _h n mortuus3 di$4 #bb4 ,s$ et nunc scio quia #bb4 ,b n[ also ,i "k t quaecumque poposc]is a ,deo1 :atsoev] ?\ wilt ask ( dabit tibi ,deus4 ,god1 ,god w give x !e4 #bb4 ,ev5 /ill %e has hope t ,he may int]c$e ) ,god to re/ore life to h] bro!r4 #bc4 ,dicit illi ,iesus3 ,resurget #bc4 ,jesus sai? to h]3 ,?y frat] tuus4 bro!r %all rise aga94 #bc4 ,9 words1 purposely ambigu\s1 & meant to try h] fai?1 ,jesus assures h] t h] bro!r %all rise aga94 #bd4 ,dicit ei ,m>?a3 ,scio quia #bd4 ,m>?a sai? to him3 ,i resurget 9 resurrectione 9 "k t he %all rise aga9 novissimo die4 9 ! resurrection at ! la/ day4 #bd4 ,und]/&+ ,him to speak ( ! f9al resurrection1 or at lea/ wi%+ to =ce ,him to expla91 %e says3 99,i "k991 c4 ,note h[ ,m>?a's words prove ! fai? ( ! ,jews ( t "t 9 ! resurrection ( ! body4 #be4 ,dixit ei ,iesus3 ,ego sum #be4 ,jesus said to h]3 ,i am resurrectio et vita3 qui ! resurrection & ! life3 cr$it 9 me1 etiam si mortuus he t believe? 9 me fu]it1 vivet3 al?\gh he be dead1 %all live4 #bf4 ,et omnis qui vivit et #bf4 ,& e "o t live?1 cr$it 9 me1 non morietur 9 & believe? 9 me %all n aet]num4 ,cr$is hoc8 die = ev]4 ,believe/ ?\ ?is8 #be1 #bf4 ,*ri/ avails ( ?is occasion to p]fect h] fai?1 & 9 ! beautiful & consol+ words :i* we read 9 ! antiphon ( ! ,b5$ictus 9 ! ,(fice = ! ,dead1 decl>es t ,he ,himself by ,8 own p[]1 & n m]ely by supplication to ! ,fa!r1 z %e imag9$ 7v]se #bb71 is ! au?or ( our resurrection & life4 ,9 ! foll[+ words ,he expla9s :at ,he means4 ,he :o believes 9 ,me1 & dies 9 ! liv+ fai?1 :i* worke? by *>ity1 ev5 ?\gh he be corporally dead1 l ,laz>us1 %all live aga9 a glori\s life1 ev5 9 8 body2 & ev]yone :o is liv+ 9 ! body1 & s believe? %all nev] die1 because ?\gh he %all inde$ pass ?r\gh ! gates ( dea?1 ,i %all quick5 him aga9 to a bett] life s t he may be said r to h slept ?an di$47#gf7 ,if ?is int]pretation ( ! words1 8%all nev] die10 seem to anyone /ra9$1 he may take !m 9 ref]5ce to ! dea? ( ! s\l2 b z !re is "q 9 ! context ( ! rais+ ( ! body ( ,laz>us1 we consid] ! op9ion we h adopt$ m probable4 ,9 ^! v]ses1 !n1 ,jesus decl>es ,himself ! resurrection & ! life2 ! resurrection ( ! dead1 ! endur+ life ( ! liv+4 ,s t v]se #be enc\rages ,m>?a to hope to h ,laz>us re/or$ to h]1 & v]se #bf w>ns h] to look to h]self1 9 ord] t %e may live = ev]4 #bg4 ,ait illi3 ,utique ,dom9e1 #bg4 ,%e sai? to him3 ,yea1 ego cr$idi quia tu es ,"l1 ,i h believ$ t ,*ri/us ,filius ,dei vivi1 qui ?\ art ,*ri/ ! ,son ( ! 9 hunc mundum v5i/i4 liv+ ,god1 :o art come into ?is _w4 #bh4 ,et cum haec dixisset1 #bh4 ,& :5 %e _h said abiit1 et vocavit ,m>iam1 ^! ?+s1 %e w5t1 & sororem suam sil5tio1 dic5s3 call$ h] si/] ,m>y ,magi/] ad e/1 et vocat te4 secretly1 say+3 ,! ma/] is come & calle? = !e4 #bi4 ,illa ut audivit1 surgit #bi4 ,%e1 z soon z %e he>d cito1 et v5it ad eum4 ?is1 rise? quickly & come? to him4 #cj4 ,nondum enim v5]at ,iesus #cj4 ,= ,jesus 0 n yet come 9 ca/ellum3 s$ erat adhuc into ! t[n2 b he 0 9 illo loco ubi occurr]at ei /ill 9 t place :]e ,m>?a4 ,m>?a _h met him4 #ca4 ,iudaei ergo qui erant cum #ca4 ,! ,jews !re=e :o ea 9 domo1 et consolabantur 7 ) h] 9 ! h\se & eam1 cum vidiss5t ,m>iam quia com=t$ h]1 :5 !y saw cito surrexit et exiit1 secuti ,m>y t %e rose up spe$ily sunt eam dic5tes3 ,quia vadit & w5t out1 foll[$ h]1 ad monum5tum ut ploret ibi4 say+3 ,%e goe? to ! grave1 to weep !re4 #cb4 ,m>ia ergo1 cum v5isset #cb4 ,:5 ,m>y !re=e 0 ubi erat ,iesus1 vid5s eum1 come :]e ,jesus 01 see+ cecidit ad p$es eius1 et him1 %e fell d[n at 8 dicit ei3 ,dom9e1 si fuisses feet1 & sai? to him3 ,"l1 hic1 non esset mortuus frat] if ?\ had/ be5 "h1 my meus4 bro!r _h n di$4 #bgcb4 ,to ,*ri/'s "q1 if %e believ$ :at ,he _h said ( ,himself z ! resurrection & ! life1 %e replies t %e believes7#gg7 ,him to be ! ,messias1 ! ,son ( ,god1 & s %e implicitly believes 9 ev]y?+ ,he tea*es1 ev5 ?\gh1 z 0 probably ! case n[1 %e did n q und]/&4 ,!n %e goes home1 & secretly calls h] si/] ,m>y1 :o hurries out to meet ,jesus4 ,! ,jews1 ?9k+ ,m>y w5t out to weep at ! tomb ( ,laz>us1 foll[ h]1 & %e & !y come to ! place :]e ,jesus /ill rema9$ outside ! village4 ,m>y repeats almo/ ! exact words :i* ,m>?a _h us$ on meet+ ,jesus4 #cc4 ,iesus ergo1 ut vidit eam #cc4 ,jesus !re=e1 :5 he plorantem1 et ,iudaeos qui saw h] weep+1 & ! ,jews v5]ant cum ea1 plorantes1 t 7 come ) h]1 infremuit spiritu1 et turbavit weep+1 groan$ 9 ! seipsum4 _s1 & tr\bl$ himself4 #cc4 ,! ^w :i* we translate 99groan$991 is f> m expressive ( indignation ?an ( grief4 ,s ,tolet41 ,beel41 ,tr5*1 c4 ,*ri/'s indignation on ! pres5t occasion 0 on acc\nt ( s9 :i* br\ght dea? ^u ,laz>us & ! :ole human race1 or r p]haps on acc\nt ( ! incr$ulity ( ! ,jews1 :i* made ?is miracle & ! sorr[ consequ5t ^u ! dea? ( ,laz>us necess>y4 99,tr\bl$ himself499 ,^! words imply ,*ri/'s supreme control ov] ! passions ( ,8 human nature4 #cd4 ,et dixit3 ,ubi posui/is #cd4 ,& said3 ,:]e h y eum8 ,dicunt ei3 ,dom9e1 v5i1 laid him8 ,!y say to him3 et vide4 ,"l1 come & see4 #cd4 ,he knew well1 b probably wi%$ to excite _! fai? & hope by ! "q4 #ce4 ,et lacrymatus e/ ,iesus4 #ce4 ,& ,jesus wept4 #ce4 ,truly ?is is a t\*+ sc5e6 ,! ,"l ( heav5 weeps ov] ! grave ( ,8 dep>t$ fri5d4 ,9 no o!r "p ( ! ,gospels are ! human & ,div9e sides ( our ,bless$ ,"l's "* m cle>ly br\ght out ?an 9 ?is beautiful /ory ( ! rais+ ( ,laz>us4 ,*ri/ z man weeps ov] him1 :om ,he is ab\t z ,god to raise f ! dead4 #cf4 ,dix]unt ergo ,iudaei3 ,ecce #cf4 ,! ,jews !re=e said3 quomodo amabat eum4 ,behold h[ he lov$ him4 #cg4 ,quidam autem ex ipsis #cg4 ,b "s ( !m said3 dix]unt3 ,non pot]at hic1 qui ,c\ld n he t op5$ ! ap]uit oculos caeci nati1 eyes ( ! man born bl9d1 fac]e ut hic non mor]etur8 h caus$ t ?is man %\ld n die8 #ch4 ,iesus ergo rursum frem5s #ch4 ,jesus !re=e aga9 9 semetipso1 v5it ad groan+ 9 himself1 come? to monum5tum3 erat autem ! sepul*re3 ,n[ x 0 a spelunca3 et lapis cave2 & a /one 0 laid sup]positus erat ei4 ov] x4 #ch4 ,caves 7 ! usual family vaults ( ! ,jews1 sometimes natural1 sometimes artificial & holl[$ out ( a rock4 ,see ,g54 xxiii4 #i2 ,judi? xvi4 #bd2 ,isai4 xxii4 #bf2 ,john xix4 #da4 #ci4 ,ait ,iesus3 ,tollite #ci4 ,jesus sai?3 ,take away ! lapidem3 ,dicit ei ,m>?a1 /one4 ,m>?a1 ! si/] ( soror eius qui mortuus fu]at3 him t 0 dead1 sai? to ,dom9e1 iam foetet1 him3 ,"l1 by ?is "t he quatriduanus e/ enim4 /9ke?1 = he is n[ ( f\r days4 #ci4 ,m>?a evid5tly imag9$ t ,jesus wi%$ m]ely to see h] bro!r's corpse1 & %e %udd]s at ! ?\ght ( its be+ expos$1 n[ decompos+1 to ! gaze ( ! cr[d4 ,h] words & ,*ri/'s reply1 bo? %[ t %e did n n[ hope t ,jesus c\ld raise h] bro!r :o 0 f\r days dead4 ,a little be=e inde$ %e _h hop$ = ev5 ?is 7v]se #bb72 b n[ h] fai? began to wav]4 8,habuit ergo alt]nantes motus gratiae et naturae1 fidei et diffid5tiae1 spei et desp]ationis de resurrectione ,laz>i0 7,a ,lap474 ,f ?is v]se we le>n t ,laz>us 0 f\r days dead2 f v]se #ag t he 0 f\r days 9 ! grave2 h5ce he mu/ h be5 buri$ on ! day he di$4 #dj4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,nonne dixi #dj4 ,jesus sai? to h]3 ,did tibi quoniam si cr$id]is1 n ,i say to !e1 t if videbis gloriam ,dei8 ?\ believe1 ?\ %alt see ! glory ( ,god8 #dj4 ,*ri/'s reply %[s t ,m>?a's fai? 0 n[ imp]fect4 99,did ,i n say to !e1 t if ?\ believe1 ?\ %alt see ! glory ( ,god899 ,:]e ,he _h said ^! exact words to h] is n record$1 b ! ref]5ce is probably to :at 0 said to ! mess5g] & report$ by him to ! si/]s ( ,laz>us 7#d71 or to ! disc\rse ) ,m>?a1 epitomiz$ above 7#bcbf74 ,by ! 8glory ( ,god0 is meant ! glori\s p[] ( ,god4 #da4 ,tul]unt ergo lapidem3 #da4 ,!y took !re=e ! ,iesus autem elevatis sursum /one away4 ,& ,jesus lift+ oculis1 dixit3 ,pat] gratias up 8 eyes said3 ,fa!r1 ,i ago tibi quoniam audi/i me3 give !e ?anks t ?\ ha/ he>d me4 #da4 ,! /one t clos$ ! m\? ( ! cave 0 remov$1 & ,jesus rais+ ,8 eyes to heav5 returns ?anks to ,8 ,fa!r4 ,z man ,he returns ?anks = ! p[] :i* ,he 0 ab\t to manife/2 & ,he does s be=e ! ev5t1 s confid5t is ,he t ,laz>us w />t at ,8 call4 ,jesus did n ent] ! sepul*re2 if ,he _h ent]$1 our ,evangeli/ :o records all ! circum/ances s m9utely w\ld h m5tion$ ! fact4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to rem>k ^u ! absurd explanation ( ,paulus & ,gabl]1 to ! effect t ,jesus alone look$ into ! sepul*re1 or alone ent]$ x1 & to ,8 surprise f\nd ,laz>us alive2 t ,he !n return$ ?anks to ,god t ,laz>us 0 n dead1 & told ,laz>us to come out ( ! sepul*re4 ,= t ,*ri/ did n ent] ! sepul*re1 is cle> f :at has be5 already /at$1 z well z f ,8 words1 8,come =?10 :i* imply t ,he 0 outside4 ,t ,he alone look$ into ! sepul*re1 is incr$ible2 = we may be sure t ! natural curiosity ( ! cr[d assembl$1 l$ _m ( !m to look into ! sepul*re4 ,is x likely too1 t if ,jesus on look+ into ! sepul*re saw ,8 fri5d alive1 ,he w\ld coolly beg9 to return ?anks to ,god1 & !n quietly tell ,laz>us to come out8 ,he %\ld h be5 m ?an man1 :i* our adv]s>ies w n admit ,him to h be51 to pres]ve su* coolness 9 su* circum/ances4 #db4 ,ego autem sciebam quia #db4 ,& ,i knew t ?\ semp] me audis3 s$ propt] he>e/ me always1 b because populum qui circum/at1 dixi1 ( ! p :o /& ab\t ut cr$ant quia tu me misi/i4 h ,i said x2 t !y may believe t ?\ ha/ s5t me4 #db4 ,*ri/'s ?anks to ! ,fa!r on ?is occasion mu/ n lead u to suppose t "s unexpect$ fav\r _h be5 conf]r$ by ! ,fa!r ^u ,him4 ,he knew well t on acc\nt ( ! con=mity ( ,8 w ) t ( ,8 ,fa!r1 ,he c\ld ask no?+ t ,8 ,fa!r c\ld refuse2 b ,he returns ?anks n[1 z ,he ,himself tells u1 9 ord] t ! p pres5t might believe t ! ,fa!r _h s5t ,him4 ,9 o!r words1 ,jesus wi%$ to make ! rais+ ( ,laz>us a cle> pro( ( ,8 ,div9ity1 by ?us call+ ,god to witness to ! miracle be=e x 0 wr\ght4 ,unque/ionably ! rais+ ( ,laz>us f ! dead is a mo/ p[]ful pro( ( ! ,div9ity ( ,*ri/4 ,x 0 a manife/ & public miracle p]=m$ 9 ! pres5ce ( a :ole cr[d ( witnesses 7see #ai1 #ca1 #de71 p]=m$ to prove t ,*ri/ _h come f ! ,fa!r 7v]se #db72 t ,he 0 ! resurrection & ! life 7v]ses #be1 #bf72 t ,he 0 ! ,son ( ,god 7v]se #d72 t1 9 fact1 ,he 0 all t :i*1 a %ort "t previ\sly1 & 9 ,j]usalem itself1 ,he _h claim$ to be1 namely1 ! ,"l ( life1 "o ) ! ,fa!r 7x4 #bh1 #cj74 ,su* a miracle 9 su* circum/ances ,god c\ld nev] h p]mitt$1 _h ,*ri/ n be5 9 tru? all t ,he claim$ to be4 ,rationali/s h tri$ 9 v>i\s ways to expla9 away ?is /up5d\s miracle4 ,"s say t ! /ory is a pure concoction ( ,/4 ,john1 else x w\ld h be5 n>rat$ by "s o!r ,evangeli/4 ,o!rs1 t ! dea? ( ,laz>us 0 m]ely feign$1 a pi\s ruse 9 :i* ,*ri/ & ,laz>us1 z well z ,m>?a & ,m>y 7 accomplices1 ) ! object ( induc+ ! p to accept & foll[ ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/4 ,b we ne$ h>dly po9t out h[ absurd x is to suppose1 t ,/4 ,john w\ld attempt1 fifty ye>s aft] ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s1 to inv5t & put =w>d su* a m9ute acc\nt ( an extraord9>y ev5t till !n unhe>d( by ! ,jews4 ,t ! o!r ,evangeli/s make no m5tion ( ?is /up5d\s miracle is rem>kable1 b may be acc\nt$ = by ! fact t prior to ! hi/ory ( ! ,passion1 !y conf9e _! n>ratives almo/ entirely to :at ,*ri/ said & did 9 ,galilee4 ,h5ce !y d n m5tion ! heal+ ( ! man :o _h be5 ill = ?irtyeight ye>s 7,john v4 #ei71 nor ( ! man born bl9d 7,john ix471 nor1 = ! same reason1 ! rais+ ( ,laz>us1 all ^! miracles hav+ occurr$ 9 ,judea4 ,! second !ory m5tion$ above h>dly requires refutation4 ,ev5 ,8 ,jewi% enemies nev] accus$ ,*ri/ ( fraud or deception2 & 9 ?is p>ticul> in/ance ! ,jews1 _m ( :om 7 ho/ile to ,jesus 7v]se #df71 & no d\bt inve/igat$ ! miracle1 _h n ! slighte/ suspicion ( fraud4 ,s c]ta9 7 all1 ev5 ! ,ph>isees1 t ! miracle 0 g5u9e1 t )\t attempt+ to d5y x1 !y m]ely be?9k !mselves :at !y w d ) ,jesus 7v]ses #dg1 #dh74 #dc4 ,haec cum dixisset1 voce #dc4 ,:5 he _h said ^! magna clamavit3 ,laz>e v5i ?+s1 he cri$ ) a l\d =as4 voice3 ,laz>us1 come =?4 #dd4 ,et /atim prodiit qui #dd4 ,& pres5tly he t _h fu]at mortuus1 ligatus p$es be5 dead came =?1 b\nd et manus in/itis1 et facies feet & h&s ) w9d+ illius sud>io erat ligata4 b&s1 & 8 face 0 b\nd ,dixit eis ,iesus3 ,solvite eum1 ab\t ) a napk94 ,jesus et s9ite abire4 said to !m3 ,loose him & let him g4 #de4 ,multi ergo ex ,iudaeis qui #de4 ,_m !re=e ( ! ,jews v5]ant ad ,m>iam et ,m>?am2 :o 7 come to ,m>y & et vid]ant quae fecit ,iesus1 ,m>?a1 & _h se5 ! cr$id]unt 9 eum4 ?+s t ,jesus did1 believ$ 9 him4 #df4 ,quidam autem ex ipsis #df4 ,b "s ( !m w5t to abi]unt ad ph>isaeos1 et ! ,ph>isees1 & told !m dix]unt eis quae fecit ,iesus4 ! ?+s t ,jesus _h done4 #dg4 ,colleg]unt ergo #dg4 ,! *ief prie/s pontifices et ph>isaei !re=e & ! ,ph>isees concilium et dicebant3 ,quid ga!r$ a c\ncil1 & said3 facimus1 quia hic homo multa ,:at d we1 = ?is man do? signa facit8 _m miracles8 #dh4 ,si dimittimus eum sic1 #dh4 ,if we let him alone s1 omnes cr$5t 9 eum3 et all w believe 9 him1 & v5i5t ,romani1 et toll5t ! ,romans w come1 & take no/rum locum1 et g5tem4 away our place & nation4 #dh4 ,!y dread$ le/ ! ,romans1 fe>+ ,he %\ld become k+1 %\ld come & de/roy _! temple & nation4 #di4 ,unus autem ex ipsis #di4 ,b "o ( !m nam$ ,caiphas nom9e1 cum esset ,caiphas1 be+ ! highprie/ pontifex anni illius1 dixit t ye>1 said to !m3 ,y eis3 ,vos nescitis quidquam4 "k no?+4 #ej4 ,nec cogitatis quia exp$it #ej4 ,nei!r d y consid] vobis ut unus moriatur homo t x is exp$i5t = y pro populo1 et non tota g5s t "o man %\ld die = p]eat4 ! p1 & t ! :ole nation p]i% n4 #ea4 ,hoc autem a semetipso non #ea4 ,& ?is he spoke n ( dixit3 s$ cum esset pontifex himself3 b be+ ! high anni illius1 prophetavit quod prie/ ( t ye>1 he ,iesus moriturus erat pro prophesi$ t ,jesus %\ld g5te4 die = ! nation4 #eb4 ,et non tantum pro g5te1 #eb4 ,& n only = ! s$ ut filios ,dei1 qui erant nation1 b to ga!r toge!r disp]si1 congreg>et 9 unum4 9 "o ! *ildr5 ( ,god1 t 7 disp]s$4 #dieb4 ,!n ,caiphas1 ! ,highprie/ = t ye> said3 99,y "k no?+991 c4 ,caiphas meant t ,jesus %\ld be got rid ( to save ! ,jewi% nation f incurr+ ! ang] ( ! ,romans4 ,! ,holy ,gho/1 h[ev]1 z ,/4 ,john tells u1 signifi$ ?r\gh ,caiphas 7z an unconsci\s in/rum5t7 t ! dea? ( ,jesus 0 necess>y = ! et]nal salvation ( ! ,jewi% p1 & ( all to be call$ to ! fai? :o 7 scatt]$ !n or s9ce among ! ,g5tiles4 ,caiphas 0 unaw>e ( ! solemn s5se ( ! words :i* he enunciat$2 s t ! ,holy ,gho/ speak+ ?r\gh a prophet may sometimes mean "o ?+1 ! ,prophet himself some?+ q diff]5t4 ,x is ! common op9ion1 too1 t ev5 ! inspir$ writ]s did n always und]/& ! mean+ ( :at !y wrote1 & 9 su* cases ! s5se ( ,scripture is1 ( c\rse1 t :i* 0 int5d$ by ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,caiphas1 :om on ?is occasion ! ,holy ,gho/ employ$ to decl>e ! necessity = man ( ! vic>i\s sacrifice ( ,*ri/1 0 ! ,jewi% ,highprie/ at ! "t 7xi4 #di1 xviii4 #ac74 ,8 fa!r9law1 ,annas1 is call$ ,highprie/ by ,/4 ,luke 7,luke iii4 #b2 ,acts iv4 #f71 f :i* "s1 z ,beel51 conclude1 t ea* fill$ ! (fice ( ,highprie/ e alt]nate ye>4 ,= ?is view1 h[ev]1 !re is no hi/orical evid5ce1 & x seems m probable t ,annas is call$ ,highprie/ by ,/4 ,luke1 n because he 0 !n dis*>g+ ! duties ( ! successor ( ,a>on1 b because1 hav+ be5 ,highprie/1 & unlawfully depos$ 7,a4,d4 #ad7 by ,val]ius ,gratus1 ! ,roman ,gov]nor ( ,judea1 he 0 /ill reg>d$ by ! ,jews z ! lawful ,highprie/47#gh7 ,or x may be t1 z ,presid5t ( ! ,sanh$rim1 a position :i* ,annas fill$1 aft] he _h be5 depos$ f t ( ,highprie/1 he is /yl$ by ,/4 ,luke4 ,?is latt] is ! view ( ,cornely1 iii41 #gf1 n4 #ah4 ,see ,acts vii4 #a2 ix4 #a1 #b4 #ec4 ,ab illo ergo die #ec4 ,f t day !re=e cogitav]unt ut int]fic]5t !y devis$ to put him to eum4 dea?4 #ec4 ,?us ! rais+ ( ,laz>us1 :i* 0 ! occasion ( ,caiphas' sugge/ion1 _h an important influ5ce ^u ! f9al det]m9ation ( ! ,jews to put ,*ri/ to dea?4 ,/4 ,john notes ! gr[? ( ,jewi% ho/ility /ep by /ep3 v4 #af ff42 vii4 #cb1 #de ff42 viii4 #de ff42 viii4 #ei2 ix4 #bb2 x4 #ci4 #ed4 ,iesus ergo iam non 9 #ed4 ,:]e=e ,jesus walk$ no palam ambulabat apud ,iudaeos1 m op5ly among ! ,jews1 s$ abiit 9 regionem iuxta b he w5t into a c\ntry des]tum1 9 civitatem quae ne> ! des]t1 unto a city dicitur ,ephrem1 et ibi t is call$ ,ephrem1 & morabatur cum discipulis suis4 !re he abode ) 8 disciples4 #ed4 ,! city ( ,ephrem 7,gr4 7 is probably ! same to :i* ,josephus ref]s 7,bell4 ,jud41 iv4 #i1 #i7 z situat$ 9 ! m\nta9s ( ,judea4 ,! city probably occupi$ ! site ( ! mod]n et,taiyibeh1 ab\t #ad miles ,n4,e4 ( ,j]usalem1 9 ! m\nta9\s di/rict ly+ betwe5 ! c5tral t[ns & ! ,jordan4 ,see ,smi?'s ,b4 ,d4 #ee4 ,proximum autem erat pas*a #ee4 ,& ! pas* ( ! ,jews ,iudaeorum3 et asc5d]unt 0 at h&3 & _m f ! multi ,i]osolymam de regione c\ntry w5t up to ,j]usalem ante pas*a1 ut sanctific>5t be=e ! pas*1 to purify seipsos4 !mselves4 #ee4 ,?is 0 ! f\r? & la/ ,pas* ( our ,"l's public life1 & dur+ x ,he 0 put to dea?4 99,to purify !mselves992 i4e41 f any legal uncleanness1 9 ord] t !y might be able to keep ! ,passov]4 ,see ,numb4 ix4 #aj2 #b ,p>al4 xxx4 #ag2 ,acts xxi4 #bdef4 ,9 any case :]e sacrifice 0 requir$ 9 ! process ( purification1 x 0 necess>y to g to ,j]usalem1 because !re only c\ld sacrifice be (f]$4 #ef4 ,qua]ebant ergo ,iesum3 et #ef4 ,!y s\ght !re=e = colloquebantur ad invicem1 9 ,jesus2 & !y disc\rs$ "o templo /antes3 ,quid putatis1 ) ano!r1 /&+ 9 ! quia non v5it ad diem fe/um8 temple3 ,:at ?9k y1 t ,d$]ant autem pontifices et he is n come to ! fe/ival ph>isaei m&atum1 ut si quis day8 ,& ! *ief prie/s & cognov]it ubi sit1 indicet1 ! ,ph>isees _h giv5 a ut appreh5dant eum4 comm&m5t1 t if any man knew :]e he 01 he %\ld tell1 t !y might appreh5d him4 #ef4 ,:e!r ^? :o s\ght ,jesus 7 ,8 fri5ds or enemies1 is disput$4 ,b f :at foll[s 9 ?is v]se1 we believe !y 7 ,8 enemies1 :o 7 look+ = ,him1 9 ord] to deliv] ,him up to ! ,sanh$rim4 99,:at ?9k y1 t he is n come to ! fe/ival day899 ,we mu* pref] to und]/& "h two que/ions--99,:at ?9k y899 ,d y ?9k 99t he w n come to ! fea/998 ,= our ,rhemi% translation gives a pa/1 :]eas x ought to h a future s5se4 ,h5ce ! ,revis$ ,v]sion translates ) two que/ions4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 #ah4 99,! ,supp] 9 ,be?ania six days be=e ! ,pas*499 #iaa4 99,! *ief prie/s ?9k ( kill+ ,laz>us499 #abai4 99,on ! day aft] ! supp] ,*ri/ ent]s ,j]usalem 9 triumph1 to ! disgu/ ( ! ,ph>isees499 #bjbb4 99,"s ,g5tile ,proselytes wi% to see ,him499 #bccc4 99,*ri/ 7at ! temple7 =etells ! ne> approa* ( ,8 passion1 & a voice f heav5 is he>d499 #cdcf4 99,he cont9ues to ref] to ,8 approa*+ dea?1 & exhorts ! p to fai?499 #cgdc4 99,yet ?\gh !y _h witness$ _m miracles1 mo/ ( !m refus$ to believe1 z ! prophets _h =etold499 #ddej4 99,*ri/'s te/imony reg>d+ ! object ( ! ,inc>nation1 & ! necessity ( fai? 9 ,him499 #a4 ,iesus ergo ante sex dies #a4 ,jesus !re=e six days pas*ae v5it ,be?aniam1 ubi be=e ! pas* came to ,laz>us fu]at mortuus1 quem ,be?ania1 :]e ,laz>us _h suscitavit ,iesus4 be5 dead1 :om ,jesus rais$ to life4 #a4 ,maldonatus connects ) xi4 #ee3 s9ce ! ,pas* 0 ne>1 ,jesus on ,8 way to ,j]usalem to celebrate x1 came to ,be?ania4 99,six days be=e ! pas*499 ,?is peculi> ,greek con/ruction w\ld be bett] r5d]$ 9 ,lat92 8sex diebus ante pas*a40 ,we h n[ ent]$ ^u ! la/ week ( our ,div9e ,"l's mortal life1 b !re is a div]sity ( op9ion reg>d+ ! exact day "h indicat$4 ,! pr9cipal views reg>d+ ! days ( our ,"l's arrival at ,be?ania1 ( ! supp] !re1 & ( ! triumphant entry into ,j]usalem1 are3-- 7#a7 ,arrival at ,be?ania on ,friday2 ! supp] 7a7 on ! same ev5+1 or 7b7 accord+ to o!rs1 on ,saturday ev5+2 ! triumphal entry on ,sunday4 7#b7 ,arrival at ,be?ania on ,saturday ev5+2 ! supp] on ! same ev5+2 ! entry into ,j]usalem 7a7 on ,sunday1 or 7b7 accord+ to o!rs1 on ,monday4 7#c7 ,arrival on ,sunday2 supp] on ! same ev5+2 ! entry into ,j]usalem on ,monday4 #b4 ,fec]unt autem ei co5am #b4 ,& !y made him a supp] ibi3 et ,m>?a m9i/rabat1 !re3 & ,m>?a s]v$1 b ,laz>us v]o1 unus erat ex ,laz>us 0 "o ( !m t discumb5tibus cum eo4 7 at table ) him4 #b4 ,9 ,be?ania !n 79 ! h\se ( ,simon ! lep]1 z we le>n f ,matt4 xxvi4 #f2 ,m>k xiv4 #c7 a supp] 0 prep>$ = ,jesus1 at :i* ,laz>us 0 pres5t & ,m>?a s]v$4 ,we take x z c]ta9 t ,mat!w 7xxvi4 #fac7 & ,m>k 7xiv4 #ci7 ref] to ! same unction ( ,*ri/ :i* is record$ by ,/4 ,john 9 ! foll[+ v]ses "h4 ,if n1 we %\ld h to suppose t ! same murmur+ = ! same cause 9 ! same circum/ances took place a second "t )9 f\r days1 ?\gh repreh5d$ by ,*ri/ on ! fir/ occasion x occurr$4 ,t ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k seem to ref] to an occasion two days be=e ! ,pas* 7,matt4 xxvi4 #b2 ,m>k xiv4 #a71 :ile ,/4 ,john ref]s to an occasion six days be=e1 is readily expla9$4 ,! two ,synoptic ,evangeli/s record ?is ano9t+ ( ,jesus by ,m>y out ( its place1 & 9 connection ) ! trea*]y ( ,judas1 because x 0 x t f9ally det]m9$ ,judas to betray our ,"l47#gi7 #c4 ,m>ia ergo accepit libram #c4 ,m>y !re=e took a p\nd ungu5ti n>di pi/ici1 ( o9tm5t ( "r pretiosi1 et unxit p$es ,iesu1 spik5>d1 ( great price1 & et ext]sit p$es eius ano9t$ ! feet ( ,jesus1 capillis suis3 et domus & wip$ 8 feet ) h] impleta e/ ex odore ungu5ti4 hair3 & ! h\se 0 fill$ ) ! od\r ( ! o9tm5t4 #c4 ,:5 we be> 9 m9d ! prom95ce giv5 to ,laz>us1 ,m>?a1 & ,m>y 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 & f9d two ( ! ?ree m5tion$ 9 v]se #b "h1 x is c]ta9 t ! ,m>y m5tion$ "h1 9 v]se #c1 c be no o!r ?an %e :o 0 si/] to ,m>?a & ,laz>us4 99,m>y !re=e took a p\nd ( o9tm5t ( "r spik5>d499 ,we le>n f ,mat!w & ,m>k t ! o9tm5t 0 conta9$ 9 an alaba/] box4 ,alaba/] is a species ( /one resembl+ m>ble1 & d]ives its "n f ,alaba/ron1 a t[n 9 ,egypt1 ne> :i* x 0 f\nd 9 l>ge quantities4 ,! t]m 8alaba/] box0 came 9 "t to be appli$ to any box = hold+ p]fumes4 99,spik5>d991 or n>d1 is a fam\s aromatic sub/ance obta9$ f an ea/]n plant ( ! same "n4 ,x is said 9 our ,rhemi% ,v]sion to be 99"r99 spik5>d4 ,! ,greek adjective ?us translat$ is 1 :i* may mean g5u9e1 f 2 or liquid1 f 71 to dr9k72 or1 z ,/4 ,augu/9e says1 ! n>d may h be5 s call$ f ! place 9 :i* x 0 obta9$4 ,/4 ,john tells u t ,m>y ano9t$ ! feet ( our ,"l1 :o1 accord+ to ! ,jewi% cu/om1 w\ld be recl9+ on ,8 left side ^u a c\*1 ) ,8 feet /ret*+ out beh9d4 ,! fir/ two ,evangeli/s m5tion only ! unction ( our ,"l's head1 s t ,/4 ,john supplem5ts _! acc\nt4 ,! fact t ! od\r ( ! o9tm5t fill$ ! h\se1 is m5tion$ z a pro( ( its excell5ce4 ,pl9y 7xiii4 #c7 ref]s to su* unctions among ! ,romans3 8,vidimus etiam ve/igia p$um t+i40 #d4 ,dixit ergo unus ex #d4 ,!n "o ( 8 disciples1 discipulis eius1 ,iudas ,judas ,isc>iot1 he t 0 ,isc>iotes1 qui erat eum ab\t to betray him1 said3 traditurus3 #e4 ,qu>e hoc ungu5tum non #e4 ,:y 0 n ?is o9tm5t v5iit trec5tis d5>iis1 et sold = ?ree hundr$ p5ce1 datum e/ eg5is8 & giv5 to ! poor8 #d1 #e4 ,f ,,ss4 ,matt4 & ,m>k1 x w\ld seem t at lea/ two ( ! disciples mu/ h murmur$1 = ,/4 ,matt4 says3 8,& ! disciples see+ x1 _h indignation20 & ,/4 ,m>k3 8,n[ !re 7 "s t _h indignation )9 !mselves1 & said3 ,:y 0 ?is wa/e ( ! o9tm5t made80 ,we may admit1 !n1 t "s ( ! o!rs jo9$ ,judas 9 murmur+1 b probably f a diff]5t motive2 or1 we may hold1 ) "s comm5tators1 t ! plural is us$ indef9itely = ! s+ul>4 99,judas ,isc>iot99 7,gr4 ,judas ,isc>iot1 son ( ,simon3 see notes on vi4 #gb7 spoke out1 ask+ :y ?is o9tm5t 0 n sold at #cjj p5ce1 & ! price giv5 to ! poor8 ,we discuss$ above on vi4 #g1 ! value ( ! ,roman silv] p5ny at ?is "t curr5t 9 ,pale/9e1 f :i* x appe>s t ?is box ( o9tm5t 0 ?\ght to be wor? ne>ly #aj ( our money4 #f4 ,dixit autem hoc1 non quia #f4 ,n[ he said ?is1 n de eg5is p]t9ebat ad eum1 because he c>$ = ! poor2 s$ quia fur erat1 et loculos b because he 0 a ?ief1 hab5s1 ea quae mittebantur & hav+ ! purse1 c>ri$ portabat4 ! ?+s t 7 put !re94 #f4 ,/4 ,john "h decl>es ! motive ( ,judas4 ,x 0 n love = ! poor1 z he pret5d$1 b because1 be+ pursebe>]1 = our ,"l & ! disciples1 he 0 always anxi\s to receive money1 t he might h an opportunity ( fil*+ "s ( x = himself4 ,:e!r ) our ,rhemi% ,v]sion we give ! mean+ ( 8c>ri$10 or1 z o!rs pref]1 8made away )10 at all ev5ts1 x is pla9 f ! v]se1 9 :i* ,judas is decl>$ a ?ief1 t he sometimes appropriat$ to 8 own uses money f ! common purse4 ,9 8 case1 too1 ! say+ 0 true3 8,nemo rep5te fit turpissimus40 #g4 ,dixit ergo ,iesus3 ,s9ite #g4 ,jesus !re=e said3 ,let illam ut 9 diem sepulturae h] alone1 t %e may keep meae s]vet illud4 x aga9/ ! day ( my burial4 #g4 ,!re is a diff]5ce ( read+ 9 ?is v]se4 ,_m anci5t au?orities read3 99,%e has kept x99 77 99aga9/ ! day ( my burial992 & ! mean+ ( ?is read+ is pla94 ,! m probable7#hj7 ,greek read+1 h[ev]1 is3 8,t %e might keep x 7 444 7 aga9/ ! day ( ,my burial40 ,9 ?is read+ we take our ,"l's reply to mean3 ,let h] alone3 x 0 n sold 7,judas _h ask$3 ,:y 0 x n sold87 9 ord] t %e might keep x aga9/ ! day ( ,my burial4 ,?us we w\ld read 8s]v>et0 in/ead ( 8s]vet0 9 ! ,vulgate2 & we take 8ut0 to dep5d n on 8s9ite10 b on "s words su* z 8non v5iit0 7x 0 n sold7 und]/ood4 ,/4 ,john's report ( ,*ri/'s words agrees sub/antially ) t ( ,/4 ,m>k1 :o repres5ts our ,"l z say+3 8,%e is come be=eh& to ano9t ,my body = ! burial0 7,m>k xiv4 #h72 & bo? acc\nts1 z well z t ( ,/4 ,matt4 7xxvi4 #ab71 8,%e ha? done x = ,my burial10 signify t our ,"l's dea? 0 s close at h& t ?is unction might be reg>d$ z a prep>ation = ,8 burial2 & h5ce ,m>y 0 n to be blam$1 inasmu* z su* hon\rs 7 usually paid to bodies be=e burial4 ,imm$iately aft] _! acc\nt ( ?is unction1 ,,ss4 ,matt4 & ,m>k n>rate ! compact ( ,judas ) ! ,jews to betray ,jesus = ?irty pieces ( silv]2 s t x is extremely probable t x 0 spite at los+ ! price ( ! o9tm5t us$ on ?is occasion t f9ally det]m9$ ,judas to betray our ,"l4 #h4 ,paup]es enim semp] #h4 ,= ! poor y h habetis vobiscum3 me autem non always ) y2 b me y semp] habetis4 h n always4 #h4 99,b me y h n always499 ,*ri/ z ,god is1 no d\bt1 ev]y:]e1 ev5 n[2 & ev5 z man ,he is /ill ^u our alt>s 9 ! ,bless$ ,sacram5t2 b ,he is no long] ) u 9 a mortal body capable ( d]iv+ s5sible pleasure & com=t f su* m9i/rations z ^? ( ,m>y ^u ?is occasion4 #i4 ,cognovit ergo turba multa #i4 ,a great multitude !re=e ex ,iudaeis quia illic e/3 et ( ! ,jews knew t he 0 v5]unt1 non propt] ,iesum !re3 & !y came1 n = tantum1 s$ ut ,laz>um ,jesus' sake only1 b t vid]5t1 quem suscitavit a !y might see ,laz>us1 :om mortuis4 he _h rais$ f ! dead4 #aj4 ,cogitav]unt autem #aj4 ,b ! *ief prie/s pr9cipes sac]dotum ut et ?\ght to kill ,laz>us also3 ,laz>um int]fic]5t4 #aa4 ,quia multi propt] illum #aa4 ,because _m ( ! ,jews abibant ex ,iudaeis1 et by reason ( him w5t away1 cr$ebant 9 ,iesum4 & believ$ 9 ,jesus4 #iaa4 ,a great multitude1 on le>n+ t ,*ri/ 0 9 ,be?ania1 flock$ out to see ! wond]work]1 & ,laz>us :om ,he _h rais$ f ! dead2 & s _m 7 be+ conv]t$ by t miracle1 t ! *ief prie/s ?\ght ( putt+ ,laz>us to dea?1 t !y might ?us get rid ( a liv+ & manife/ pro( ( ! almighty p[] ( ,jesus4 #ab4 ,9 cra/9um autem turba #ab4 ,& on ! next day a multa1 quae v5]at ad diem great multitude1 t 0 come fe/um1 cum audiss5t quia to ! fe/ival day1 :5 !y v5it ,iesus ,i]osolymam4 _h he>d t ,jesus 0 com+ to ,j]usalem1 #ab4 ,on ! day aft] ! supp]1 :i* we take to h be5 ,sunday or ,monday1 t is1 ! fir/ or second day ( ! ,jewi% week1 a great multitude came to meet our ,"l & escort ,him into ,j]usalem4 ,hundr$s ( ?\s&s always flock$ to ,j]usalem = ! ,pas*1 & ?\gh ! fea/ 0 /ill "s days (f1 a great numb] _h already arriv$4 ,d\btless _m ( ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem 7 also among ! cr[d on ?is occasion4 #ac4 ,accep]unt ramos palm>um1 #ac4 ,took bran*es ( palm et process]unt obviam ei1 et trees1 & w5t =? to meet clamabant3 ,hosanna1 b5$ictus him1 & cri$3 ,hosanna1 qui v5it 9 nom9e ,dom9i1 bless$ is he t come? 9 rex ,israel4 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 ! k+ ( ,israel4 #ac4 ,c>ry+ palm bran*es1 ) %\ts ( joy & triumph1 !y hail$ ,jesus z ! ,messias1 & ,k+ ( ,israel2 9 ! words ( ! great ,pas*al *ant 7,ps4 cxvii4 #bf71 99,hosanna99 71 :i* is contract$ = 7 means3 pray1 save1 or3 save1 ,i besee*4 ,x may be tak5 "h z a pray] to ,jesus to save !m1 or r z a pray] to ,god to save & bless _! ,messias4 ,or x may be t x 0 us$ z an expression ( joy )\t att5tion to its lit]al mean+1 z ! expressions 8vivat10 8vive le roi10 & ! l1 are sometimes us$ at ! pres5t day4 #ad4 ,et inv5it ,iesus asellum1 #ad4 ,& ,jesus f\nd a "y et s$it sup] eum1 sicut ass1 & sat ^u x1 z x is scriptum e/3 writt53 #ad4 ,f ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s we le>n t ,jesus s5t ,8 disciples tell+ !m :]e !y %\ld f9d ! colt1 & ,/4 ,mat!w tells u t !y br\ght ! colt & its "m1 & spread _! g>m5ts ^u bo? 7 1 ,matt4 xxi4 #g74 ,!y spread _! g>m5ts ^u bo?1 because !y did n "k ^u :i* ,he w\ld *oose to sit4 ,& ,/4 ,mat!w adds t ,jesus sat ^u !m 7 72 t is1 z we take x1 ^u ! g>m5ts t _h be5 spread ^u ! colt4 ,9 ?is way ! acc\nts ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s are reconcil$4 ,ano!r difficulty occurs "h1 if we comp>e ! p>allel passage ( ,/4 ,luke 7xix4 #bi74 ,=1 :]eas ,/4 ,john's acc\nt naturally leads u to suppose t ! ass's colt 0 procur$ on ! way betwe5 ,be?ania1 :]e ,*ri/ _h supp$ on ! prec$+ night 7xii4 #a1 #b7 & ,j]usalem1 ,/4 ,luke1 on ! o!r h&1 says3 8,& x came to pass :5 ,he 0 come nigh to ,be?phage & ,be?ania1 unto ! m\nt call$ ,olivet1 ,he s5t two ( ,8 disciples1 say+1 ,g into ! t[n :i* is ov] aga9/ y1 at y\r ent]+ into :i* y %all f9d ! colt ( an ass ti$10 c4 ,we h se>*$ 9 va9 = a satisfactory solution ( ?is difficulty4 ,if ! words ( ,/4 ,luke are to be tak5 /rictly z mean+ t ,*ri/ 0 n m]ely ne> to1 b approa*+ ,be?ania1 !n we w\ld hold t on ?is morn+1 be=e ! procession />t$1 ,he _h retir$ f ,be?ania ea/w>d1 & !re=e f>!r away f ,j]usalem1 & 0 n[ aga9 approa*+ ! village on ,8 way to ! ,holy ,city4 ,!re is no?+ improbable 9 ?is supposition1 = ,*ri/ did _m ?+s :i* ! ,evangeli/s h n record$ 7,john xxi4 #be71 & x enables u to reconcile two acc\nts1 :i* are n easily reconcil$ o!rwise4 #ae4 ,noli tim]e filia ,sion3 #ae4 ,fe> n1 daught] ( ecce rex tuus v5it s$5s ,sion3 behold1 ?y k+ come?1 sup] pullum as9ae4 sitt+ on an ass's colt4 #ae4 ,/4 ,mat!w 7xxi4 #d7 says t ^! ?+s 7 done t prophecy might be fulfill$2 t is1 !y 7 br\ght ab\t by ,god1 n by ! disciples1 :o1 z ,/4 ,john tells u 9 ! next v]se1 7 ignorant t !y 7 fulfill+ a prophecy4 ,! :ole quotation "h is sub/antially f ,za*4 ix4 #i3 8,rejoice greatly 7#8fe> n1' ( ,/4 ,john7 ,o daught] ( ,sion2 %\t = joy1 ,o daught] ( ,j]usalem6 ,behold ?y ,k+ w come to !e1 ! ,j & ,savi\r3 ,he is poor & rid+ ^u an ass1 & 7ev57 ^u a colt ! foal ( an ass40 #af4 ,haec non cognov]unt #af4 ,^! ?+s 8 disciples discipuli eius primum3 s$ did n "k at ! fir/3 b qu&o glorificatus e/ ,iesus1 :5 ,jesus 0 glorifi$1 !n tunc recordati sunt quia haec !y rememb]$ t ^! erant scripta de eo1 et haec ?+s 7 writt5 ( him1 fec]unt ei4 & t !y _h done ^! ?+s to him4 #af4 ,! disciples did n "k at t "t t prophecy 0 be+ fulfill$2 b :5 ! light ( ! ,holy ,gho/ _h flood$ _! s\ls at ! fir/ ,p5teco/ 7,acts ii4 #d71 !n !y recognis$ 9 ^! ?+s ! fulfilm5t ( prophecy4 #ag4 ,te/imonium ergo #ag4 ,! multitude !re=e p]hibebat turba quae erat cum gave te/imony1 :i* 0 ) eo qu&o ,laz>um vocavit de him :5 he call$ ,laz>us out monum5to1 et suscitavit eum a ( ! grave1 & rais$ him mortuis4 f ! dead4 #ag4 99,:5 he call$ ,laz>us out ( ! grave499 ,x is d\btful1 & au?orities are mu* divid$1 :e!r ! true read+ "h is :5 771 or t 774 ,9 ! =m] read+1 eyewitnesses ( ! miracle n[ bore te/imony ( x2 9 ! latt]1 ! cr[d t 0 n[ ) ,him hav+ he>d & believ$ t ! miracle _h be5 wr\ght1 n[ bore witness t ,jesus _h rais$ ,laz>us f ! dead4 #ah4 ,propt]ea et obviam v5it #ah4 ,= :i* reason also ! ei turba1 quia audi]unt eum p came to meet him3 fecisse hoc signum4 because !y he>d t he _h done ?is miracle4 #ah4 ,x 0 on acc\nt ( ?is miracle too t ! cr[d _h come out to meet ,him4 ,we take 8! multitude0 9 ?is v]se to be ! same z t ref]r$ to 9 ! prec$+ 7 72 & :at ,/4 ,john tells u is1 t _! com+ out to meet ,him1 & _! te/imony reg>d+ ,him1 bo? proce$$ f ! fact t ,he _h rais$ ,laz>us f ! dead4 #ai4 ,ph>isaei ergo dix]unt ad #ai4 ,! ,ph>isees !re=e semetipsos3 ,videtis quia nihil said among !mselves3 ,d y pr(icimus8 ecce mundus totus see t we prevail no?+8 po/ eum abiit4 behold1 ! :ole _w is gone aft] him4 #ai4 ,! jeal\sy ( ! ,ph>isees is at once ar\s$1 &1 z (t5 happ5s 9 su* circum/ances1 !y exagg]ate1 say+ t ! :ole _w _h gone aft] ,him4 ,our ,"l mov$ on t[>ds ,j]usalem1 rid+ ^u ! ass17#ha7 betwe5 two en?usia/ic cr[ds 7see ,matt4 xxi4 #i2 ,m>k xi4 #i74 ,z ,he approa*$ ! city1 & %\ts ( joy & ?anksgiv+ rose f ! cr[ds :i* prec$$ & foll[$1 "s ,ph>isees1 z we le>n f ,/4 ,luke1 bade ,jesus rebuke ,8 disciples = ! words ( homage !y 7 us+4 ,to :om ,he repli$3 8,i say to y1 if ^! %all hold _! peace1 ! /ones w cry out0 7,luke xix4 #dj74 ,!n :5 ,he _h m\nt$ ! summit ( ,olivet1 & ! city & temple bur/ ^u ,8 view1 ,he wept1 & 8w5t on to prophesy ! de/ruction ( ! city ) a p>ticul>ity ( detail1 to ! exactness ( :i* ! subsequ5t hi/ory be>s wond]ful te/imony40 7,col]idge1 ,life ( our ,life1 vol4 ii41 p4 #ahg74 ,see ,luke xix4 #dadd4 ,:5 ! procession ent]$ ,j]usalem1 ! 8:ole city 0 mov$1 say+1 ,:o is ?is80 ,& ! p said1 8,?is is ,jesus ! ,prophet f ,naz>e? ( ,galilee0 7,matt4 xxi4 #aj1 #aa74 ,z we le>n f ,/4 ,m>k1 ,jesus w5t up to ! temple1 & !re ! ev5ts occurr$ :i* ,/4 ,john records d[n to v]se #cf4 #bj4 ,erant autem quidam #bj4 ,n[ !re 7 c]ta9 g5tiles1 ex 8 qui g5tiles among !m :o came asc5d]ant ut ador>5t 9 up to adore on ! fe/ival die fe/o4 day4 #ba4 ,hi ergo access]unt ad #ba4 ,^! !re=e came to ,philippum1 qui erat a ,philip1 :o 0 ( ,be?saida ,be?saida ,galilaeae1 et ( ,galilee1 & desir$ him1 rogabant eum1 dic5tes3 ,dom9e say+3 ,sir1 we w\ld see volumus ,iesum vid]e4 ,jesus4 #bb4 ,v5it ,philippus1 et dicit #bb4 ,philip come? & telle? ,&reae3 ,&reas rursum et ,&rew4 ,aga9 ,&rew & ,philippus dix]unt ,iesu4 ,philip told ,jesus4 #bjbb4 ,"s ,g5tiles1 :o 7 probably proselytes1 _h come to ,j]usalem = ! ,pas*1 & !y ask ,philip t !y may see1 t is1 speak ) ,jesus4 ,philip consults 8 fell[t[nsman1 ,&rew 7,john i4 #dd71 & !y bo? make kn[n ! reque/ to ,jesus4 ,our ,"l 0 probably 9 ! ,c\rt ( ! ,jews1 into :i* ! ,g5tiles c\ld n ent]1 s t _! reque/ meant t ,jesus %\ld come out into ! ,c\rt ( ! ,g5tiles4 ,see above on ii4 #ad4 #bc4 ,iesus autem respondit eis1 #bc4 ,b ,jesus answ]$ !m dic5s3 ,v5it hora1 ut say+3 ,! h\r is come1 t cl>ificetur ,filius hom9is4 ! son ( man %\ld be glorifi$4 #bc4 ,! ,evangeli/ does n tell u :e!r ,jesus grant$ an audi5ce to ^! ,g5tiles1 b goes on to record ,8 reply to ! disciples3 99,! h\r is come t ! son ( man %\ld be glorifi$993 i4e41 ! h\r ( ,8 dea? to be foll[$ by ,8 glori\s resurrection & asc5sion by ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & ! call ( ! ,g5tiles4 #bd4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis1 #bd4 ,am51 am51 ,i say to y1 nisi granum frum5ti cad5s 9 unless ! gra9 ( :eat t]ram1 mortuum fu]it1 fall+ into ! gr\nd die2 #be4 ,ipsum solum manet3 si #be4 ,itself rema9e? alone4 autem mortuum fu]it1 multum ,b if x die1 x br+e? fructum aff]t4 ,qui amat =? mu* fruit4 ,he t animam suam1 p]det eam3 et love? 8 life %all lose x3 qui odit animam suam 9 hoc & he t hate? 8 life 9 mundo1 9 vitam aet]nam ?is _w1 keepe? x unto cu/odit eam4 life et]nal4 #bd1 #be4 ,9 a beautiful comp>ison our ,"l po9ts out t z ! gra9 ( :eat dies 9 ord] t x may fructify1 s 9 ! provid5ce ( ,god ,8 dea? is necess>y to ,8 triumph & ,8 glory4 ,& apply+ ?is doctr9e to ,8 disciples1 ,he po9ts out t :oev] love? 8 life inord9ately "h1 %all lose x = et]nity1 & he t hate? 7a ,hebraism = love? less7 8 life 9 ?is _w1 keepe? x unto life et]nal4 #bf4 ,si quis mihi m9i/rat1 me #bf4 ,if any man m9i/] to me1 sequatur3 et ubi sum ego1 let him foll[ me3 & :]e ,i illic et m9i/] meus erit4 am1 !re also %all my ,si quis mihi m9i/rav]it1 m9i/] be4 ,if any man honorificabit eum ,pat] meus4 m9i/] to me1 him w my ,fa!r hon\r4 #bf4 99,if any man m9i/] to me1 let him foll[ me499 ,?is exhortation to foll[ ,*ri/ 9 despis+ ?is life = ,god's sake1 is address$ to all ,8 foll[]s1 :o are to m9i/] to ,him by ! s]vice ( dev\t lives2 b x is applicable 9 a special way to ,prie/s1 = to !m belongs ! privilege ( ! special m9i/ry4 ,to su* z imitate ,him ,he gives ! glori\s promise1 t :]e ,he is1 t is1 9 ! glory ( ! ,fa!r1 :i* z ,god ,he !n enjoy$1 & :i* z man ,he 0 to m]it by ,8 passion1 !re also %all ,8 foll[]s be4 #bg4 ,nunc anima mea turbata #bg4 ,n[ is my s\l tr\bl$4 e/4 ,et quid dicam8 ,pat]1 ,& :at %all ,i say8 ,fa!r1 salvifica me ex hac hora4 ,s$ save me f ?is h\r4 ,b propt]ea v5i 9 horem hanc4 = ?is cause ,i came unto ?is h\r4 #bg4 ,! ?\ght ( ,8 approa*+ ,passion n[ di/urb$ ,8 human s\l1 = z ,he 0 true man1 ,8 humanity naturally %udd]$ at ! suff]+ & dea? ,he 0 ab\t to und]go4 ,comp>e ,matt4 xxvi4 #ch2 ,m>k xiv4 #cd4 ,*ri/1 ( c\rse1 p]mitt$ ?is fe> to seize ^u ,him1 s t x 0 :olly volunt>y2 & ,he manife/$ x at ?is p>ticul> "t1 probably le/ ,8 disciples %\ld be tempt$ to say t x 0 easy = ,him :o 0 ,god to exhort o!rs to despise _! life & endure suff]+4 ,he %[s !m1 !re=e1 t ,he dreads dea? l ! re/ ( m52 & ,/4 ,john records ! fact because ( ! ,docetae1 :o d5i$ ! reality ( ! ,inc>nation1 & consequ5tly ( ,*ri/'s suff]+s4 ,see above on i4 #ad1 & ,introd4 ,,ix4 99,fa!r save me f ?is h\r499 ,"s read ?is ) a note ( int]rogation aft] x1 z if ! mean+ 73 ,%all ,i say to ! ,fa!r to save ,me f ?is h\r8 ,b we may und]/& ! words z a conditional pray] proce$+ f ,*ri/'s human w2 conditional1 t is1 ^u 8 ,fa!r's w to save ,him f ! ,passion :i* ,he 0 to und]go1 j z 9 ,/4 ,luke xxii4 #db3 8,fa!r1 if ,?\ wilt1 remove ?is *alice f ,me2 b n ,my w1 b ,?9e be done40 ,t su*1 inde$1 is ! mean+ "h1 is prov$ by :at foll[s1 :]e ,jesus retracts ?is conditional pray]1 say+ t x 0 = ! v purpose t ,he might suff]1 t ,he came unto ?is h\r4 #bh4 ,pat]1 cl>ifica nom5 #bh4 ,fa!r1 glorify ?y "n4 tuum4 ,v5it ergo vox de coelo3 ,a voice !re=e came f ,et cl>ificavi1 et it]um heav53 ,i h bo? glorifi$ cl>ificabo4 x1 & w glorify x aga94 #bh4 ,9 ?is v]se1 !n1 ,he prays absolutely to ! ,fa!r to glorify ,8 "n by ! suff]+s & dea? ( ! ,son4 ,& a voice came f ! air1 produc$ !re by ,god or an angel1 say+3 99,i h bo? glorifi$ 7x71 & w glorify 7x7 aga9994 ,! s5se ( ^! words ( ! ,fa!r is disput$4 ,! ,lat9 fa!rs und]/& ! s5se to be2 ,i h glorifi$ ,!e f all et]nity1 & w glorify ,!e aga9 z ,godman aft] ,?y asc5sion4 ,9 fav\r ( ?is view is ! pray] ( ,*ri/3 8,& n[ glorify ,?\ ,me1 ,o ,fa!r1 ) ,?yself1 ) ! glory :i* ,i _h be=e ! _w 01 ) ,!e0 7,john xvii4 #e74 ,! ,greek fa!rs1 on ! o!r h&1 all take ! s5se to be3 ,i h already glorifi$ ,!e by _m miracles1 & w aga9 glorify ,!e 9 ! miracles to be wr\ght at ,?y dea?1 resurrection1 & asc5sion1 & aft]w>ds by ,?y foll[]s 9 ,?y "n4 ,x w be not$ t ! fa!rs g5]ally und]/& ! words ( ,god ! ,fa!r 9 ref]5ce to ! glorification ( ,*ri/1 :]eas ,*ri/'s pray] reg>d$ ! glorification ( ! ,fa!r's "n4 ,we feel conv9c$1 h[ev]1 t ! direct object ( glorification 9 bo? in/ances is ! ,fa!r's "n4 ,= :5 ,*ri/ prays3 8,glorify ,?y "n10 & ! ,fa!r answ]s3 8,i h glorifi$1 & w aga9 glorify10 obvi\sly ! answ] mu/ ref] to ! glorification ( ! ,fa!r's "n1 = :i* ,*ri/ _h pray$4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 ! glorification ( ! ,fa!r 0 to be br\ght ab\t by ! glorification ( ! ,son2 h5ce1 ?is too is indirectly ref]r$ to1 & our int]pretation agrees sub/antially ) t ( ! fa!rs4 #bi4 ,turba ergo quae /abat et #bi4 ,! multitude !re=e audi]at1 dicebat tonitruum t /ood & he>d1 said esse factum4 ,alii dicebant3 t x ?und]$4 ,o!rs ,angelus ei locutus e/4 said1 ,an ,angel spoke to him4 #cj4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit3 #cj4 ,jesus answ]$ & said3 ,non propt] me haec vox v5it1 ,?is voice came n because ( s$ propt] vos4 me1 b = y\r sakes4 #cj4 ,jesus decl>es t ! voice f heav5 0 ! ,fa!r's te/imony to ,him1 giv5 = _! sakes1 9 ord] t !y might believe 9 ,him4 #ca4 ,nunc iudicium e/ mundi3 #ca4 ,n[ is ! judgm5t ( ! nunc pr9ceps huius mundi _w3 n[ %all ! pr9ce ( eiicietur =as4 ?is _w be ca/ out4 #ca4 99,n[ is ! judgm5t ( ! _w499 ,!re is a diff]5ce ( op9ion z to :at judgm5t is "h spok5 (2 :e!r ! judgm5t ( lib]ation ( ! _w 9 g5]al1 or ! judgm5t ( condemnation ( ! wick$ _w4 ,9 fav\r ( ! =m]1 x is argu$--7a7 t s9ce ,satan 0 to be ca/ out1 or depriv$ ( 8 dom9ion ov] ! _w1 !re=e ! _w 0 to be lib]at$2 7b7 t v]se #cb decl>es ! effect ( ?is judgm5t3 ! _w %all be lib]at$1 & z a consequ5ce ,i %all draw all ?+s to ,myself2 7c7 t ! _w to be judg$ is t ov] :i* ,satan _h rul$1 & f :i* he 0 n[ to be ca/ out4 ,b be=e ! ,inc>nation he _h held sway ov] ! :ole _w 7,rom4 iii4 #bc1 xi4 #cb2 ,gal4 iii4 #bb74 ,!re=e1 x is ! :ole _w t is to be judg$1 & h5ce !re mu/ be "q ( ! judgm5t ( lib]ation4 ,s ,/4 ,aug41 ,mald41 ,a ,lap41 ,tolet41 ,beel41 ,patriz4 ,9 fav\r ( ! latt] view1 :i* is held by ,/4 ,*ryso/om & mo/ ( ! ,greek fa!rs1 x is argu$--7a7 t ,/4 ,john always uses ( ! judgm5t ( condemnation2 7b7 t ! _w 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! v]se is ! same ^: pr9ce is to be depriv$ ( 8 dom9ion2 t1 !re=e1 x %\ld /& or fall ) its pr9ce2 h5ce s9ce he is to be /ripp$ ( 8 dom9ion1 x is to be condemn$2 7c7 t 9 ! disc\rse aft] ! ,la/ ,supp]1 ,*ri/ always means by ! _w1 ! wick$ _w1 oppos$ to ,himself 7,john xiv4 #ag1 #bb1 #cj2 xv4 #ah1 #ai2 xviii4 #i1 #af1 #be72 !re=e1 also "h1 & h5ce !re mu/ be "q ( ! judgm5t ( condemnation4 99,! pr9ce ( ?is _w99 is pla9ly ! devil4 ,see also #b ,cor4 iv4 #d2 ,eph4 ii4 #b1 vi4 #ab4 ,9 ! ,talmud ! same title is giv5 to ! pr9ce ( devils4 ,by ,*ri/'s dea? ! devil 0 ca/ out3 t is1 depriv$ ( t almo/ univ]sal sway :i* he _h ex]cis$ ov] m5 be=e ! com+ ( ,*ri/4 8,at nondum diabolus e mundo ejectus videtur esse1 cum 9 eo adhuc grassetur4 ,ejectus =as dicitur non quod nunc 9 mundo non sit1 et 9 multis etiamnum dom9etur2 s$ quod1 quantum 9 ,*ri/o fuit1 ejectus fu]it1 ita ut1 si hom9es vell5t1 nihil prorsus 9 ipsos hab]et pote/atis4 ,hom9es illi po/ea portam arcis ap]u]unt1 et proditione quadam 9 suam quisque domum admittit4 ,itaque etiam nunc regnat et op]atur1 s$ 9 filios diffid5tiae1 ,eph4 ii4 #b0 7,mald4 on ?is v]se74 #cb4 ,et ego si exaltatus fu]o #cb4 ,& ,i1 if ,i be lift$ up a t]ra1 omnia traham ad f ! e>?1 w draw all meipsum3 ?+s to myself4 #cb4 99,& ,i1 if ,i be lift$ up f ! e>?499 ,*ri/ "h pr$ict$ t aft] ,8 dea? on ! cross 7see next v]se7 ,he %\ld become a c5tre ( attraction1 & draw all m5 7 is ! m probable read+1 n 71 bo? ,jews & ,g5tiles to ,himself4 ,?is m>vell\s prophecy began to be fulfill$ 9 ! c5turion & 8 companions 7,matt4 xxvii4 #ed71 & ! re/ ( ! multitude t witness$ ! crucifixion 7,luke xxiii4 #dh71 & is daily receiv+ its fulfilm5t /ill4 #cc4 ,hoc autem dicebat1 #cc4 7,n[ ?is he said1 significans qua morte esset signify+ :at dea? he moriturus4 %\ld die47 #cc4 ,/4 ,john "h gives u an au!ntic int]pretation4 #cd4 ,respondit ei turba3 ,nos #cd4 ,! multitude answ]$ audivimus ex lege quia him3 ,we h he>d out ( ! ,*ri/us manet 9 aet]num2 et law1 t ,*ri/ abide? = quomodo tu dicis1 ,oportet ev]2 & h[ saye/ ?\3 ,! exalt>i ,filium hom9is8 ,quis son ( man mu/ be lift$ up8 e/ i/e ,filius hom9is8 ,:o is ?is son ( man8 #cd4 ,! multitude und]/ood ,jesus to speak ( ,8 dea?1 or at lea/ ( ,8 )drawal f !m1 & object t ,he _c be ! ,messias1 :o1 z !y und]/ood ! ,scriptures 7! law is "h put = ! :ole ,scriptures71 0 to rema9 = ev]4 ,!y quote no s+le text1 b probably !y _h ga!r$ ?is idea f _m passages2 e4g41 ,isai4 ix4 #f1 #g2 ,ps4 cix4 #d2 ,dan4 vii4 #ac1 #ad1 c4 ,x is n unlikely t !y _h ! passage ( ,daniel specially be=e _! m9ds1 = !re ! p[] ( ! ,son ( ,man is describ$ z 8an ev]la/+ p[] t %all n be tak5 away1 & ,8 k+dom 7a k+dom7 t %all n be de/roy$40 ,h5ce1 !y argu$1 if ,*ri/ 0 to die1 ,he c\ld n be ! ,messias1 b mu/ be "s o!r ,son ( ,man ?an he spok5 ( by ,daniel4 #ce4 ,dixit ergo eis ,iesus3 #ce4 ,jesus !re=e said to ,adhuc modicum1 lum5 9 vobis !m3 ,yet a little :ile1 ! e/4 ,ambulate dum lucem light is among y4 ,walk habetis1 ut non vos t5ebrae :il/ y h ! light1 compreh5dant3 et qui ambulat t ! d>kness ov]take y 9 t5ebris1 nescit quo vadat4 n4 ,& he t walke? 9 d>kness kn[e? n :i!r he goe?4 #ce4 ,*ri/ might h easily repli$1 %[+ !m f ! same ,scriptures t ! ,messias 0 to suff] & die 7see1 e4g41 ,isai4 liii42 ,dan4 ix4 #bf72 b probably because ,he saw t ! motive ( ! multitude 9 object+ 0 n to seek light1 b to disprove ,8 claim to be ! ,messias1 ,he did n v\*safe a reply to _! objection1 b w5t on to exhort !m to believe1 = ?us !y %\ld f9d a solution ( all _! difficulties4 99,yet a little :ile992 i4e41 a few days m1 ! light1 :i* is ,himself1 is to be among !m4 ,he exhorts !m1 !re=e1 to walk1 t is1 to believe1 :ile ,he is pres5t among !m1 9 ord] t d>kness1 t is1 ! "t :5 ,he is gone f among !m1 may n f9d !m /ill 9 _! unbelief4 99,&99 7 7 99he t walke? 9 d>kness kn[e? n :i!r he goe?994 ,*ri/ does n mean to say t !y c\ld n believe aft] ,8 dea?2 b j z1 ?\gh x is q possible to walk dur+ ! "t ( d>kness1 /ill x is easi] to walk 9 daylight1 s x 0 easi] = !m to believe n[1 :5 ,he1 ! ,sun ( ,ju/ice 0 corporally pres5t among !m1 ?an x w\ld be :5 ,he _h )drawn ,8 light4 ,we take1 8d>kness10 !n1 ) ,mald41 n ( s91 nor ( unbelief1 b1 z oppos$ to ! light :i* is ,*ri/1 ( ! "t :5 ,*ri/ c\ld be no long] pres5t among !m1 aft] ,8 dea?1 z 9 v]se ix4 #d2 xi4 #i1 #aj4 #cf4 ,dum lucem habetis1 cr$ite #cf4 ,:il/ y h ! light1 9 lucem1 ut filii lucis believe 9 ! light1 t y sitis4 ,haec locutus e/ ,iesus3 may be ! *ildr5 ( light4 et abiit1 et abscondit se ab ,^! ?+s ,jesus spoke1 & eis4 he w5t away1 & hid himself f !m4 #cf4 ,he n[ expla9s :at ,he means by tell+ !m to walk4 ,x is t !y %\ld believe4 99,t y may be99 7become7 99! *ildr5 ( light994 ,! phrase 8*ildr5 ( light0 is a ,hebraism1 mean+ ^? :o are to possess ! light1 :o are de/9$ = x4 ,comp>e ,luke xvi4 #h2 ,eph4 v4 #h4 99,& he w5t away1 & hid himself f !m499 ,,ss4 ,matt4 & ,m>k tell u t ,he w5t to ,be?ania ) ! twelve & rema9$ !re 7,matt4 xxi4 #ag2 ,m>k xi4 #aa74 #cg4 ,cum autem tanta signa #cg4 ,& :]eas he _h done s fecisset coram eis1 non _m miracles be=e !m1 cr$ebant 9 eum3 !y believ$ n 9 him4 #ch4 ,ut s]mo ,isaiae prophetae #ch4 ,t ! say+ ( ,isaias impl]etur1 quem dixit3 ! prophet might be ,dom9e1 quis cr$idit auditui fulfill$1 :i* he said3 no/ro8 et bra*ium ,dom9i cui ,"l1 :o ha? believ$ our revelatum e/8 he>+8 & to :om ha? ! arm ( ! ,"l be5 reveal$8 #ci4 ,propt]ea non pot]ant #ci4 ,!re=e !y c\ld n cr$]e1 quia it]um dixit believe1 because ,isaias said ,isaias3 aga94 #dj4 ,excaecavit oculos eorum1 #dj4 ,he ha? bl9d$ _! et induravit cor eorum3 ut non eyes1 & h>d5$ _! videant oculis1 et non he>t1 t !y %\ld n intelligant corde1 et see ) _! eyes1 nor conv]tantur1 et sanem eos4 und]/& ) _! he>t1 & be conv]t$1 & ,i %\ld heal !m4 #cgdj4 ,be=e clos+ ?is fir/ "p ( ! n>rative portion ( ! ,gospel 7see ,introd4 iv471 ,/4 ,john pauses 9 ! hi/ory to note ! h>d he>t$ incr$ulity ( ! ,jews1 not)/&+ ! fact t ,*ri/ _h wr\ght s _m miracles2 an incr$ulity1 h[ev]1 :i* _h be5 =etold by ,isaias1 :i*1 !re=e1 came to pass n[ 9 ord] t 77 ! pr$iction ( ! ,prophet %\ld be fulfill$ 7v]ses #cg1 #ch72 & :i* came to pass necess>ily 7necessitate consequ5te71 because1 z ,isaias decl>$1 !y no long] _h ! abundant graces necess>y 9 ord] t !y might believe 7v]ses #ci1 #dj74 ,?us ! incr$ulity ( ! ,jews 9 our ,"l's "t 0 necess>y to ! end t prophecy might be fulfill$4 ,h[ !n1 we may ask1 0 t incr$ulity culpable1 if ^? :o 7 incr$ul\s 7 n free & able to believe8 ,! answ] is1 t ?is incr$ulity 0 necess>y by a necessity consequ5t ^u ! pr$iction ( ! inspir$ ,prophet1 :i* pr$iction 0 itself consequ5t ^u ,god's =ekn[l$ge t ! ,jews w\ld1 culpably & ( _! own free w1 rema9 incr$ul\s4 ,god =esaw ?is incr$ulity1 pr$ict$ x1 because ,he =esaw x 0 to be2 &1 ( c\rse1 x came to pass1 z ,he _h =ese5 x w\ld4 ,h5ce1 :5 ,god =esees1 or ,8 ,prophet pr$icts1 ! commission ( a c]ta9 s91 t s9 is infallibly1 yet freely committ$4 ,x is1 z if we saw a man walk+ across a pla92 he does s1 n because we see him1 b we see him because he walks4 ,simil>ly1 9 ! b\ndless pla9 ( ,8 et]nal pres5t1 ,god sees all ?+s t are to be1 & !y happ51 n because ,he sees !m1 b ,he sees !m because !y are to happ54 ,note1 9 v]se #ch1 t 99our he>+99 means :at has be5 he>d f u1 = ! prea*]s ( ! ,gospel are repres5t$ 9 ,isaias z compla9+ ( ! small numb] ( ^? :o li/5$ to !m4 99,! arm ( ! ,"l99 is ,*ri/1 accord+ to sev]al ( ! fa!rs2 or we may take x to mean ! p[] ( ! ,"l 9 ! "w ( man's r$emption4 ,note1 9 v]se #dj1 :]e ! prophecy is cit$ freely1 aft] nei!r ! ,hebrew nor ! ,septuag9t1 t x is n meant t ,god bl9d$ any man positively1 b only negatively1 by ! )drawal ( ,8 m abundant graces4 #da4 ,haec dixit ,isaias1 qu&o #da4 ,^! ?+s said ,isaias vidit gloriam eius1 et locutus :5 he saw 8 glory1 & e/ de eo4 spoke ( him4 #da4 ,see ,isaias vi4 #a1 #i1 #aj1 :]e ! ,prophet says3 8,i saw ! ,"l0 7 ! ,supreme ,god71 words :i* are "h ref]r$ by ,/4 ,john to ! ,prophet's hav+ se5 ,*ri/2 !re=e1 accord+ to ,/4 ,john1 ,*ri/ is ! ,supreme ,god4 ,x w\ld also seem f ?is v]se t ! ,son ( ,god ,himself1 & n m]ely an angel repres5t+ ,him1 appe>$ to ,isaias on t occasion4 ,x 0 ! common op9ion ( ! fa!rs1 ?\gh d5i$ by mo/ ( ! s*ola/ics1 t ,god sometimes appe>$ 9 ! ,o4 ,t4 app>itions4 99,& spoke ( him991 r1 8& he spoke ( ,him10 = ?is clause does n dep5d ^u ! prec$+ 8:540 ,x is a /atem5t t x 0 ( ,*ri/ ,isaias spoke ! words j quot$4 #db4 ,v]umtam5 et ex #db4 ,h[ev] _m ( ! *ief pr9cipibus multi cr$id]unt m5 also believ$ 9 him3 b 9 eum3 s$ propt] ph>isaeos because ( ! ,ph>isees !y non confitebantur1 ut e did n confess him1 t synagoga non eiic]5tur3 !y might n be ca/ out ( ! synagogue4 #db4 ,see above on ix4 #bb4 #dc4 ,dilex]unt enim gloriam #dc4 ,= !y lov$ ! glory hom9um magis quam gloriam ( m51 m ?an ! glory ( ,dei4 ,god4 #dd4 ,iesus autem clamavit1 et #dd4 ,b ,jesus cri$1 & said3 dixit3 ,qui cr$it 9 me1 non ,he t believe? 9 me1 do? cr$it 9 me s$ 9 eum qui n believe 9 me1 b 9 him misit me4 t s5t me4 #dd4 ,^! words ( our ,"l record$ 9 ! rema9d] ( ?is *apt] seem to h be5 spok5 on a subsequ5t day ( ,holy ,week 7see v]se #cf72 b on :at precise day1 x is difficult to det]m9e4 99,do? n believe 9 me99 is ! ,hebrew way ( say+3 do? n s mu* believe 9 ,me1 z 9 ,him t s5t ,me4 ,comp>e ,m>k ix4 #cf4 #de4 ,et qui videt me1 videt eum #de4 ,& he t see? me1 qui misit me4 see? him t s5t me4 #de4 ,9 ^! words ,*ri/ decl>es ,8 unity ( nature ) ! ,fa!r4 8,s5sus e/ de visione corporali1 non quod ,deus oculo corporeo videatur imm$iate1 et p] se1 s$ m$iante humanitate1 cui ,div9a sub/antia ,patris et ,filii e/ unita0 7,tolet474 #df4 ,ego lux 9 mundum v5i3 ut #df4 ,i am come a light into ! omnis qui cr$it 9 me1 9 _w2 t :osoev] t5ebris non maneat4 believe? 9 me1 may n rema9 9 d>kness4 #df4 99,d>kness99 "h means unbelief & s94 #dg4 ,et si quis audi]it v]ba #dg4 ,& if any man he> my mea1 et non cu/odi]it1 ego words & keep !m n3 ,i d non iudico eum1 non enim v5i n judge him3 = ,i came n ut iudicem mundum1 s$ ut to judge ! _w1 b to salvificem mundum4 save ! _w4 #dg4 99,i d n judge him992 i4e41 ,i d n condemn him4 ,comp>e iii4 #ag2 viii4 #ae1 #ej4 ,at 8 fir/ com+ ,*ri/ did n come to condemn1 b to save4 #dh4 ,qui sp]nit me1 et non #dh4 ,he t despise? me1 & accipit v]ba mea1 habet qui receive? n my words1 ha? iudicet eum3 s]mo quem "o t judge? him3 ! ^w locutus sum1 ille iudicabit t ,i h spok51 ! same eum 9 novissimo die4 %all judge him 9 ! la/ day4 #dh4 99,ha? "o t judge? him992 namely1 ! ,fa!r 7viii4 #ej74 ,h5ce ! s5se ( ! v]se is t he t despise? ,me 444 ha? "o t judge? him ev5 n[2 & moreov]1 on ! la/ day ,my words %all rise 9 judgm5t aga9/ him4 #di4 ,quia ego ex meipso non sum #di4 ,= ,i h n spok5 ( locutus1 s$ qui misit me myself1 b ! ,fa!r :o ,pat]1 ipse mihi m&atum s5t me1 he gave me d$it quid dicam1 et quid comm&m5t :at ,i %\ld say1 loqu>4 & :at ,i %\ld speak4 #di4 ,?is v]se gives ! reason :y ! words ( ,*ri/ %all /& 9 judgm5t aga9/ ! unbeliev]2 because ,8 words 7 n m]ely ,8 own1 utt]$ by ,8 private au?ority1 b spok5 by ! comm& ( ,8 ,fa!r1 :om !re=e !y despise1 9 despis+ ,him4 ,9 our view ,*ri/ "h speaks ( ,himself z man4 ,if 99say99 & 99speak99 are to be di/+ui%$1 !n 8say0 77 ref]s to ! =mal disc\rses1 8speak0 77 to ! ord9>y conv]sations2 s t 9 all ,8 words ,*ri/ _h spok5 to !m ! words ( ,god4 #ej4 ,et scio quia m&atum eius #ej4 ,& ,i "k t 8 vita aet]na e/4 ,quae ergo comm&m5t is life ego loquor1 sicut dixit mihi ev]la/+4 ,! ?+s ,pat]1 sic loquor4 !re=e t ,i speak2 ev5 z ! ,fa!r said unto me1 s d ,i speak4 #ej4 ,to %[ !m _! folly1 & 9 ! hope ( yet induc+ !m to believe1 ,he tells !m ,he kn[s ) c]ta9ty t ! comm& ( ! ,fa!r 7t is1 :at ! ,fa!r _h comm&$ ,him to say & d1 & h5ce1 all ,8 own words & works7 is ! cause ( life et]nal to mank9d4 ,h5ce _! folly 9 n believ+4 99,! ?+s !re=e t ,i speak2 ev5 z ! ,fa!r said unto me1 s d ,i speak499 ,?us ,he concludes1 insi/+ on ! fact t ,he is ! legate ( ,god 7consub/antial ) ! ,fa!r1 v]se #de71 & z su* wor?y to be believ$4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 #abj4 99,on ! night be=e 7accord+ to ! ,jewi% me?od ( reckon+ _! days1 on ! fir/ night (7 ! great fe/al week ( ! ,pas*1 ,jesus celebrates ! ,pas*al ,supp] ) ,8 disciples 9 ,j]usalem1 wa%es _! feet1 exhorts !m to imitate ,8 example ( humility & *>ity1 & h9ts at ! s9 ( ,judas499 #bacj4 99,he reveals ! traitor1 :o !n leaves ! supp]room499 #caci4 99,he =etells ! ne> approa* ( ,8 own dea? & glorification2 gives ! new comm&m5t ( ,*ri/ian *>ity1 & pr$icts ! triple d5ial by ,pet]499 ,) ?is *apt] ! second "p ( ! n>rative ( our ,gospel comm5ces4 ,see ,introd4 ,,iv4 ,/4 ,john n[ passes on to ! hi/ory ( ! ev5ts ( ! night be=e our ,"l's dea?1 omitt+ a numb] ( incid5ts ( ,holy ,week1 :i* _h be5 already record$ by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s4 ,?us1 he does n m5tion ! weep+ ov] ,j]usalem 7,luke xix4 #cidd72 ! curs+ ( ! b>r5 figtree 7,matt4 xxi4 #ah1 #ai1 ,m>k xi4 #abad72 or ! cleans+ ( ! temple 7,matt4 xxi4 #ab1 #ad2 ,m>k xi4 #ae2 ,luke xix4 #de1 #df74 ,!re c be little d\bt t x 0 8 int5tion to supplem5t ! ,synoptic ,gospels1 = n only does he omit _m ?+s t !y record1 b he records v mu* t !y omit4 #a4 ,ante diem fe/um pas*ae1 #a4 ,be=e ! fe/ival day ( sci5s ,iesus quia v5it hora ! pas*1 ,jesus kn[+ t eius ut transeat ex hoc mundo 8 h\r 0 come1 t he ad ,patrem3 cum dilexisset suos %\ld pass out ( ?is _w qui erant 9 mundo1 9 f9em to ! ,fa!r3 hav+ lov$ dilexit eos4 8 own :o 7 9 ! _w1 he lov$ !m unto ! end4 #a4 99,be=e ! fe/ival day ( ! pas*499 ,we are "h met by a s]i\s difficulty :5 we comp>e ) ^! words ( ,/4 ,john ! acc\nts ( ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s2 =1 :ile !y repres5t ! supp]1 ref]r$ to by ,/4 ,john 9 v]se #b1 z hav+ tak5 place on ! ev5+ ( ! fir/ day ( ,azymes1 ,/4 ,john "h seems to place x prior to t ,fea/4 ,if we _h only ! ,synoptic ,gospels1 we %\ld1 )\t any hesitation1 come to ! conclusion--7a7 t our ,"l & ,8 ,apo/les ate ! ,pas*al ,supp] on ! night be=e ,he di$2 & 7b7 t ! ,jews t ye> eat x on ! same night4 ,= ,/4 ,mat!w tells u3 8,& on ! fir/ day ( ! ,azymes1 ! disciples came to ,jesus1 say+3 ,:]e wilt ?\ t we prep>e = !e to eat ! pas*8 ,b ,jesus said3 ,g ye into ! city to a c]ta9 man1 & say to him3 ,! ,ma/] sai?1 my "t is ne> at h&2 ) !e ,i make ! pas* ) my disciples4 ,& ! disciples did z ,jesus appo9t$ to !m1 & !y prep>$ ! pas*4 ,b :5 x 0 ev5+ he sat d[n ) 8 twelve disciples0 7,matt4 xxvi4 #agbj74 ,simil>ly1 ,/4 ,m>k 7xiv4 #abag7 & ,/4 ,luke 7xxii4 #gad7 seem to take = grant$ t ! ord9>y "t = celebrat+ ! ,pas*al ,supp] 0 come1 = ,/4 ,m>k says3 8,n[ on ! fir/ day ( ! unleav5$ bread1 :5 !y sacrific$ ! pas*1 ! disciples say to him10 c42 & ,/4 ,luke3 8,& ! day ( ! unleav5$ bread came1 on :i* x 0 necess>y t ! pas* %\ld be kill$40 ,/4 ,john1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ! v]se be=e u1 9 :i* he introduces 8 acc\nt ( ! ev5ts ( ?is la/ night ( ,*ri/'s mortal life1 speaks ( ! "t z2 8,be=e ! fe/ival day ( ! pas*40 ,moreov]1 9 subsequ5t passages7#hb7 ( our ,gospel1 to :i* we %all direct att5tion z !y occur1 ,/4 ,john uses language :i*1 at fir/ sight1 at lea/1 w\ld seem to %[ t ! ,jews did n eat ! ,pas* on ! night ( ,*ri/'s la/ supp]1 b on ! foll[+ night1 aft] ,he 0 crucifi$4 ,h5ce ! difficulty ( reconcil+ ,/4 ,john's acc\nt ) t ( ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s4 ,a va/ am\nt ( le>n+ has be5 exp5d$ ^u ?is "q1 & a great deal has be5 writt5 ^u x4 ,we %all indicate z briefly z possible ! diff]5t op9ions1 & /ate :at seems to u mo/ probable4 7#a7 ,"s1 z ,/4 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 ,calmet1 c41 h held t our ,"l did n eat ! ,pas* at all 9 ! la/ ye> ( ,8 life4 ,!y argue f texts 9 ,/4 ,john1 :i* prove1 !y say1 t ! "t = eat+ ! ,pas* _h n come until aft] ,*ri/ 0 put to dea?4 ,!y take ! 8fir/ day ( ! ,azymes10 9 ! ,synoptic ,gospels1 to mean ! #ac? day ( ,nisan2 & hold t x1 & n ! #ad?1 0 s call$ because ! ,jews remov$ all leav5 f _! h\ses a day be=e ! ,fea/4 ,9 ?is view !y h no difficulty 9 reconcil+ ,/4 ,john's acc\nt ) t ( ! o!r ,evangeli/s2 = ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s are !n made to repres5t ! ,la/ ,supp] z hav+ tak5 place on ! #ac? ( ,nisan4 ,t be+ s1 x is at once conclud$ t !re _c be "q ( ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 b ( an ord9>y supp]1 & ,/4 ,john1 9 agreem5t ) ! ,synopti/s1 /ates t ! supp] 9 "q 0 held 8be=e ! fe/ival day ( ! pas*40 ,?is op9ion1 h[ev]1 we reg>d z :olly improbable & unt5able 9 ! face ( ! /atem5ts ( ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s1 = ^! /atem5ts are su* z to leave no reasonable d\bt t our ,"l & ,8 ,apo/les did eat ! ,pas*al ,supp] ! night be=e ,he di$4 ,?us1 !y tell u t ! disciples 7 s5t by our ,"l to prep>e ! ,pas*1 t !y prep>$ x1 & t :5 ! "t = eat+ x 0 come1 ,*ri/ sat d[n ) ! ,twelve47#hc7 ,moreov]1 ,/4 ,luke tells u t aft] !y sat d[n1 ,*ri/ said3 8,) desire ,i h desir$ to eat ?is pas* ) y be=e ,i suff]0 7,luke xxii4 #ae7--words :i* cle>ly imply t on ! occasion ( t la/ supp] ! ,pas* 0 eat5 by ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les4 ,h5ce ! op9ion we are n[ consid]+1 :i* w\ld reconcile ! ,evangeli/s by hold+ t our ,"l1 on ! night be=e ,he di$1 did n p>take ( ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 b only ( an ord9>y supp]1 is1 z we h already said1 :olly improbable2 &1 inde$1 ! book ( a c]ta9 ,flor5t9e nam$ ,vec*ietti1 publi%$ at ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 & ma9ta9+ ?is view1 0 condemn$ by ! ,holy ,(fice & its au?or imprison$47#hd7 7#b7 ,o!rs1 especially among ! ,greeks1 admit t our ,"l did eat ! ,pas*al ,supp] on ?is occasion1 b hold t ,he did s on ! night foll[+ ! #ac? ( ,nisan1 ?us anticipat+ by a day ! ord9>y "t = celebrat+ x4 ,b ?is view1 too1 seems to u v improbable2 = ! language ( ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s appe>s to u to prove conclusively t our ,"l did n anticipate ! legal "t = eat+ ! ,pas*1 :i*1 z we "k f ,exod4 xii4 #f1 #h1 & f tradition1 0 ! night foll[+ ! #ad? ( ,nisan4 ,?us ,/4 ,m>k1 9 ! passage already quot$1 says3 8,n[1 on ! fir/ day ( ! unleav5$ bread1 :5 !y sacrific$ 71 ! ,imp]f4 d5ot+ :at 0 cu/om>y7 ! pas*1 ! disciples say to ,him3 ,:i!r wilt ?\ t we g1 & prep>e = !e to eat ! pas*80 7,m>k xiv4 #ab74 ,& ,/4 ,luke3 8,& ! day ( ! unleav5$ bread came1 on :i* x 0 necess>y 77 t ! pas* %\ld be kill$0 7,luke xxii4 #g74 ,^! texts1 we believe1 prove t our ,"l celebrat$ ,8 la/ supp] on ! night foll[+ ! #ad? ( ,nisan1 ! night on :i* ! ,jews 7 b\nd by _! ,law to eat ! ,pas*4 ,h5ce we unhesitat+ly reject any view :i* supposes ,him to h anticipat$ ! legal "t = ! ,pas*al ,supp]4 7#c7 ,o!rs1 z ,h>du91 ,bisp+1 c41 hold t ! #ac? ( ,nisan ) ! ,judeans 0 ! #ad? ) ! ,galileans1 :o !re=e kept ! ,pas* a day e>li] ?an ! ,judeans2 & t our ,"l1 be+ a ,galilean1 did ! same4 ,?is op9ion1 too1 w\ld enable u to readily reconcile ! ,evangeli/s2 b un=tunately ! assumption z to a diff]5ce ( computation betwe5 ! ,judeans & ,galileans is a m]e conjecture1 & has no evid5ce to support x4 7#d7 ,o!rs1 z ,petav41 ,mald41 ,ku941 ,col]idge17#he7 ,cornely1 c41 hold t our ,"l & ! ,apo/les eat ! ,pas*al ,supp] on ! night ( ! #ad? ( ,nisan1 :ile ! ,jews t ye> eat x on ! night ( ! #ae?4 ,maldonatus holds t x 0 cu/om>y ) ! ,jews f ! "t ( ! ,babylonian captivity1 :5ev] ! fir/ day ( ! ,pas* fell on a ,friday1 to transf] x to ,saturday1 9 ord] t two solemn fea/s might n occur on successive days4 ,accord+ to ?is view1 our ,"l correspond$ ) ! requirem5ts ( ! ,jewi% ,law2 ! ,jews1 on ! o!r h&1 foll[$ ! cu/om :i* _h be5 introduc$ aft] ! ,babylonian captivity4 ,9 ?is view1 too1 x is easy to reconcile ,/4 ,john's /atem5t ) ^? ( ! o!r ,evangeli/s4 ,he speaks ( ! night ( ! ,la/ ,supp]1 9 ref]5ce to ! fea/ z celebrat$ t ye> by ! ,judeans1 & s places x be=e ! fea/2 !y1 on ! o!r h&1 speak ( x 9 ref]5ce to ! /rict ,law1 & place x on ! fir/ day ( ,azymes1 or r on ! night foll[+ ! fir/ day ( ,azymes47#hf7 ,! great names ( _m :o h held ?is op9ion1 l5d to x consid]able probability1 & if ! cu/om :i* is alleg$ 9 its fav\r 7 prov$ to h exi/$ 9 ! "t ( ,*ri/1 we w\ld at once adopt x4 ,b x is s]i\sly disput$ :e!r su* a cu/om did exi/ at t "t4 ,x is true1 inde$1 t among ! mod]n ,jews1 :5 ! ,pas*al fea/ %\ld beg9 on ,friday1 !y always def] x till ! ,sabba?2 & ! ,talmud is ref]r$ to by ,comely 7vol4 iii41 #gc1 #a7 z say+ t ! same has be5 ! ,jewi% practice ev] s9ce ! ,babylonian captivity4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 cont5d t ! cu/om is n z old z ! "t ( ,*ri/1 & t 9 ,8 "t ! fir/ day ( ! ,pas* 0 kept on a ,friday :5ev] x happ5$ to fall on t day4 ,ab5,ezra 7on ,levit4 xxiii4 #d7 says3 8,tam ex ,mis*na quam ex ,talmude probatur ,pas*a 9 secundam1 qu>tam1 et sextam f]iam qu&oque incidisse40 ,s9ce1 !n1 ! hypo!sis on :i* ?is op9ion re/s seems d\btful1 ! op9ion itself appe>s to u less satisfactory ?an t :i* foll[s4 7#e7 ,la/ly1 !re is ! old1 & always ! mo/ common op9ion1 t our ,"l did eat ! ,pas* at ,8 la/ supp]2 t ,he eat x on ! night ( ! #ad? ( ,nisan2 & t ! ,jews eat x on t same night4 ,s ,/4 ,j]41 ,/4 ,aug41 ,/4 ,anselm1 ,su>ez1 ,tolet41 ,a ,lap41 ,b5$ict ,,xiv41 ,patriz41 ,m',c>?y1 ,corluy1 ,didon4 ,?is op9ion is c]ta9ly 9 accordance ) ! obvi\s mean+ ( ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s2 & ! objections aga9/ x1 :i* are *iefly drawn f ! ,gospel ( ,/4 ,john17#hg7 c all be answ]$ satisfactorily1 z we %all %[ :5 discuss+ ! passages on :i* !y are f\nd$4 ,we hold1 !n1 t ,*ri/ & ! ,jews eat ! ,pas* on ! night foll[+ ! #ad? ( ,nisan1 :51 accord+ to ! ,jewi% me?od ( c\nt+ _! days1 ! #ae? _h already comm5c$2 & t ,*ri/ 0 put to dea? on ! #ae?1 ! fir/ & mo/ solemn day ( ! ,pas*al week4 ,& n[1 return+ to ! text ( ,/4 ,john1 we are confront$ at ! v comm5cem5t ( ?is *apt] by an objection to our view1 9 ! words3 8,be=e ! fe/ival day ( ! pas*40 ,if ,*ri/ celebrat$ ! ,la/ ,supp] on ! night aft] ! #ad? ( ,nisan1 h[ does ,/4 ,john speak ( ! "t ( ?is supp] z 8be=e ! fe/ival day ( ! pas*08 ,to ?is difficulty v>i\s answ]s h be5 giv54 7#a7 ,"s h repli$ t ,/4 ,john means by 8day0 ! natural day1 or "t ( light2 & !n x is pla9 t a supp] celebrat$ on ! night foll[+ ! #ad? 0 be=e ! fe/ival day ( ! #ae?4 ,?is explanation is unsatisfactory1 = 9 ! orig9al ,/4 ,john does n m]ely say 8,be=e ! fe/al day10 b 8,be=e ! fe/al p]iod0 7 2 comp41 e4g41 vii4 #b1 #ad1 #cg74 7#b7 ,o!rs say t ! words are equival5t to 2 8quod ita praec$it fe/um1 ut tam5 sit p>s fe/i0 are ! words ( ,bo*>t1 ) :om ,/i] agrees4 ,see ,smi?'s ,b4 ,d41 ,art4 8,passov]40 7#c7 ,o!rs pref] to believe t z ,/4 ,john wrote sixty ye>s aft] ! ,la/ ,supp]1 aft] he _h sp5t _m ye>s 9 ,asia ,m9or1 & become accu/om$ to ,greek habits ( ?\ght & expression1 he speaks accord+ to ! ,greek me?od ( reckon+ ! day4 ,! ,greeks1 l ourselves1 reckon$ _! days f midnight to midnight2 & ,/4 ,john1 speak+ ( ! supp] z tak+ place be=e ! midnight t foll[$ ! #ad? ( ,nisan1 might well ref] x to a "t previ\s to ! fe/ival47#hh7 99,jesus1 kn[+ t 8 h\r 0 come1 t he %\ld pass out ( ?is _w to ! ,fa!r499 ,z ,god1 ,jesus knew f all et]nity ! h\r ( ,8 dea?2 z man1 he knew x f ! fir/ mom5t ( ! ,inc>nation4 ,kn[+1 !n1 t ,he 0 ab\t to pass out ( ?is vale ( sorr[ & mis]y1 & by ,8 dea?1 resurrection1 & asc5sion1 g to %>e 9 ! glory ( ! ,fa!r1 hav+ ?r\gh\t ,8 life lov$ ,8 ,apo/les 7,8 own71 :om ,he 0 n[ leav+ beh9d ,him to /ruggle ) ! _w1 s ,he n[ *ose to manife/ t[>ds !m ,8 love 9 an extraord9>y mann]4 :i* 9 our ,rhemi% ,v]sion is translat$ 8unto ! end10 we und]/&1 ) ! ,greek fa!rs1 :o ought to be ! be/ judges ( ! mean+ ( ! phrase1 z equival5t to excessively1 or 9 a surpass+ mann]4 ,?is excessive love ,jesus manife/$ on ?is la/ night1 z well 9 ! wa%+ ( ! ,apo/les' feet z 9 ! in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 ! elevation ( ! ,apo/les to ! dignity ( ! prie/hood1 & ! lov+ disc\rse :i* foll[$ ?is supp]4 #b4 ,et co5a facta1 cum #b4 ,& :5 supp] 0 done diabolus iam misisset 9 cor 7! devil hav+ n[ put into ut trad]et eum ,iudas ,simonis ! he>t ( ,judas ,isc>iot1 ,isc>iotae3 ! son ( ,simon1 to betray him71 #b4 99,& :5 supp] 0 done499 ,we h tak5 = grant$ t ! supp] "h m5tion$ by ,/4 ,john is id5tical ) ! la/ supp] ref]r$ to by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s1 = !re is no room = reasonable d\bt z to _! id5tity4 ,on bo? occasions ! traitor is reveal$1 & ! d5ial by ,pet] =etold1 & on bo? ! supp] is foll[$ by ! dep>ture to ! ,g>d5 ( ,olives47#hi7 8,!re are good gr\nds = que/ion+ ! correctness ( ! ,greek read+1 :i* 9 ! ,vulgate is translat$ #8co5a facta'2 = ! pres5t p>ticiple 77 & n ! pa/ 77 is f\nd 9 _m ,,mss4 ( ! highe/ au?ority4 ,f9ally1 x is obvi\s t1 consid]+ ! special signification ( ! ,greek v]b employ$ 7 to be1 to come into be+71 ev5 ! pa/ p>ticiple by no means implies t ! supp] 0 !n ov]1 b m]ely t x _h comm5c$1 & 0 !n go+ on4 ,! same p>ticiple is us$ unque/ionably 9 ?is s5se 9 _m passages ( ! ,new ,te/am5t2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ,john xxi4 #d3 #8,:5 morn+ 0 come2' 9 ,m>k vi4 #b1 #8dur+ ! ,sabba?2' ,matt4 xxvi4 #f1 #8,jesus be+ n[ at ,be?any1' & 9 _m o!r passages0 7,dr4 ,wal%1 ,h>mony ( ! ,gospel ,n>ratives1 note #ai47 ,! mean+1 !n1 is t supp] 0 proce$+4 99,! devil hav+ n[ put into ! he>t ( ,judas ,isc>iot1 ! son ( ,simon1 to betray him499 ,?is inhuman trea*]y 0 sugge/$ by ,satan1 b freely cons5t$ to by ! wret*$ ,apo/le4 ,! trea*]y ( ,judas is "h m5tion$ to ?r[ into relief ! lov+ m]cy & condesc5sion ( ,jesus 9 wa%+ ev5 ! traitor's feet4 #c4 ,sci5s quia omnia d$it ei #c4 ,kn[+ t ! ,fa!r _h ,pat] 9 manus1 et quia a ,deo giv5 him all ?+s into 8 exivit1 et ad ,deum vadit4 h&s1 & t he came f ,god1 & goe? to ,god4 #c4 ,:ile fully consci\s ( ,8 dignity1 ( ,8 supreme dom9ion ov] all ?+s1 & ( ! fact t ,he _h come out f ! bosom ( ,god 9 ! inc>nation1 & w\ld return ?i!r by ,8 resurrection & asc5sion1 ,he yet makes ,himself z x 7 ! s]vant ( ,8 ,apo/les4 #d4 ,surgit a co5a1 et ponit #d4 ,he rise? f supp]1 & ve/im5ta sua3 et cum laye? aside 8 g>m5ts1 & accepisset l9teum1 praec9xit hav+ tak5 a t[el1 gird$ se4 himself4 #d4 99,he rise? f supp]499 ,h5ce x is cle> t ! supp] _h already begun :5 ! wa%+ ( ! ,apo/les' feet took place4 ,& = ! reasons giv5 above on v]se #b1 z also because ( v]se #ab 78be+ sat d[n aga907 we hold t x 0 n ov]2 s t we adh]e to ! traditional view t ! wa%+ ( ! feet took place dur+ ! supp]47#ij7 ,comm5tators g5]ally hold t ! ,pas*al ,supp] on ! pres5t occasion 0 foll[$ by ! ord9>y supp] or ev5+ meal1 & ?is aga9 by :at we may call ! ,eu*>i/ic ,supp]4 ,x is g5]ally held t ! wa%+ ( ! feet took place imm$iately aft] ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 or dur+ ! ord9>y1 & be=e ! ,eu*>i/ic ,supp]4 ,at ! ,pas*al ,supp] ! company at ! table might n be less ?an t5 nor m ?an tw5ty4 ,9 our ,"l's "t ^? p>tak+ ( ! supp] recl9$ on c\*es1 ?is be+ ! usage !n1 z /&+ _h be5 orig9ally4 8,! rites ( ! supp] 7 regulat$ accord+ to ! succession ( f\r1 sometimes five1 cups ( r$ w9e mix$ ) wat]1 :i* 7 plac$ be=e ! head ( ! h\se or ! mo/ em95t gue/1 :o 0 call$ ! celebrant1 ! presid5t1 or proclaim] ( ! fea/407#ia7 7,see ,dr4 ,wal%1 ,h>mony ( ! ,gospel ,n>ratives1 note #af47 ,*ri/ hav+ ris5 f ! supp] 99laye? aside 8 g>m5ts994 ,! pallium or cloak1 a squ>e or oblong piece ( clo?1 :i* 0 ?r[n loosely ar\nd ! body outside ! tunic1 0 probably :at 0 laid aside27#ib7 & ?us ,jesus made ,himself m l a s]vant1 = s]vants 7 n accu/om$ to we> ! cloak4 ,!n ,he took a t[el1 & gird$ ,himself !re)4 8,quid mirum10 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 si 8praec9xit se l9teo qui =mam s]vi accipi5s habitu inv5tus e/ ut homo80 ,note h[ ! ,evangeli/ n>rates e little circum/ance connect$ ) ?is act ( m>vell\s condesc5sion4 #e4 ,de9de mittit aquam 9 #e4 ,aft] t1 he putte? pelvim1 et coepit lav>e p$es wat] into a bas91 & began discipulorum1 et ext]g]e to wa% ! feet ( 8 l9teo quo erat praec9ctus4 disciples1 & to wipe !m ) ! t[el1 :]e) he 0 gird$4 #e4 99,aft] t1 he putte? wat] into a bas9499 ,9 ! ,greek we h ! bas9 7 71 probably d5ot+ a vessel ord9>ily us$ = ! wa%+ ( feet1 or t _h be5 provid$ = ! c]emony ( ! wa%+ ( h&s1 :i* 0 portion ( ! ritual ( ! ,pas*al ,supp]4 ,we take x t ! f\r? & fif? v]ses describe 9 a g5]al way h[ our ,"l set ab\t wa%+ ! disciples' feet4 #f4 ,v5it ergo ad ,simonem #f4 ,he come? !re=e to ,petrum4 ,et dicet ei ,petrus3 ,simon ,pet]4 ,& ,pet] said to ,dom9e1 tu mihi lavas p$es8 him3 ,"l1 do/ ?\ wa% my feet8 #f4 ,"h ! ,evangeli/ goes on to /ate 9 detail :at happ5$ :5 our ,"l pres5t$ ,himself fir/ ( all be=e ,pet]4 ,?us we ne$ n suppose t our ,"l _h wa%$ ! feet ( any o!r disciple be=e ,he came to ,pet]4 ,/4 ,pet] almo/ always /&s fir/ among ! ,apo/les1 & on ! pres5t occasion1 ! remon/rance w\ld naturally come f ! fir/ p]son at ^: feet our ,"l pres5t$ ,himself4 8,!re is no?+ to support ! old notion t ! action began ) ,judas4 ,x is m natural to suppose t ! ,"l began ) ,/4 ,pet]4 ,9 t case 8 refusal to accept ! s]vices is m intelligible ?an x w\ld be if o!rs _h already accept$ x0 7,we/c4 9 ,! ,speak]'s ,comm5t>y74 99,do/ ?\ wa% my feet899 ,! position ( ! pron\ns 9 ! ,greek br+s out %>ply ! contra/ ( ! p]sons4 #g4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #g4 ,jesus answ]$1 & said to ei3 ,quod ego facio1 tu nescis him3 ,:at ,i d1 ?\ kn[e/ modo1 scies autem po/ea4 n n[1 b ?\ %alt "k h]eaft]4 #g4 ,pet]1 bewild]$ by ,8 ,div9e ,ma/]'s condesc5sion1 is told t he %all aft]w>ds le>n ! moral significance ( :at ,jesus 0 ab\t to d4 #h4 ,dicit ei ,petrus3 ,non #h4 ,pet] said to him3 ,?\ lavabis mihi p$es 9 %alt nev] wa% my feet4 aet]num4 ,respondit ei ,iesus3 ,jesus answ]$ him3 ,if ,i wa% ,si non lav]o te1 non habebis !e n1 ?\ %alt h no p>tem mecum4 "p ) me4 #h4 ,/rong 9 fai?1 & m9dful ( ! dignity ( 8 ,ma/]1 ) t impetuosity :i* display$ itself on o!r occasions1 ,pet] decl>es t he w nev] cons5t to su* an act ( selfabasem5t on ! "p ( 8 ,"l4 ,*ri/ at once replies to him3 99,if ,i wa% !e n1 ?\ %alt h no "p ) me499 ,! mean+ is1 t if ,pet] refus$ ob$i5ce to ,*ri/'s wi%1 n[ di/9ctly made kn[n to him 9 ^! words1 he %\ld be exclud$ f ,*ri/'s society "h & h]eaft]4 ,complete surr5d] ( 8 w to ,*ri/ 0 a necess>y condition ( disciple%ip4 ,! wa%+ ( ! feet "h ref]r$ to is n a sacram5t2 ! practice ( ! ,*ur* makes ?is cle>4 ,besides1 x _c be %[n t grace 0 annex$ to x4 ,no d\bt1 )\t x ,pet] 0 to h no "p ) ,*ri/2 b ?is1 we hold1 w\ld be ! effect ( disob$i5ce1 n ! result ( want+ any?+ :i* ! wa%+ c\ld be/[4 ,9 reality1 ,pet] 0 already 9 ! /ate ( grace1 = 9 ! t5? v]se ,jesus tells ! ,apo/les t !y are clean2 & ?\gh ,he qualifies ! /atem5t by say+ t all are n clean1 yet ,/4 ,john expla9s ?is qualification 9 ref]5ce to ,judas only4 ,h5ce ,pet] 0 already 9 ! /ate ( grace1 & !re is no?+ 9 ! text or context to %[ t he 0 to obta9 grace if 8 feet 7 wa%$1 b only t he 0 to lose x if !y 7 n4 #i4 ,dicit ei ,simon ,petrus3 #i4 ,simon ,pet] sai? to him3 ,dom9e1 non tantum p$es meos1 ,"l1 n only my feet1 b s$ et manus1 et caput4 also my h&s & my head4 #aj4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,qui lotus #aj4 ,jesus sai? to him3 ,he e/1 non indiget nisi ut p$es t is wa%$1 ne$e? n lavet1 s$ e/ mundus totus4 b to wa% 8 feet1 b is ,et vos mundi e/is1 s$ non clean :olly4 ,& y are omnes4 clean1 b n all4 #aj4 99,jesus sai? to him3 ,he t is wa%$99 7r ba!d71 99ne$e? n b to wa% 8 feet1 b is clean :olly994 ,"s anci5t au?orities omit ! words 8b0 & 88 feet10 & ! mean+ :e!r 9 reg>d to body or s\l is !n cle> & simple1 namely1 t he :o has ba!d has no ne$ to wa%1 b is already clean4 ,h[ev]1 ! words are mu* m probably g5u9e2 & ! difficulty !y create is d\btless ! reason :y !y are want+ 9 "s au?orities4 ,tak+ !m z g5u9e1 !n1 let u try to expla9 ! v]se4 ,"s h und]/ood our ,"l to speak only ( a corporal wa%+1 z if ,he m]ely meant t ! ,apo/les :o _h ba!d1 or at lea/ wa%$ _! h&s be=e ?is ,supp] 7see above on ii4 #f71 n[ ne$$ no?+ except to h _! feet wa%$4 ,b ! common op9ion ( comm5tators und]/&s our ,"l to speak ( a spiritual wa%+1 ( :i* ! wa%+ ( ! feet 0 a symbol1 & ?is view we accept4 ,= ! clos+ words ( ! v]se3 8,& y are clean1 b n all0 :5 tak5 toge!r ) ,/4 ,john's explanation 9 v]se #aa1 leave no d\bt t our ,"l speaks ( spiritual cleanness1 & !re=e we may fairly conclude t ,he speaks also ( a spiritual wa%+4 ,he 0 ab\t to wa% _! feet lit]ally1 b ,he int5d$ t c]emony z a symbol ( ! high] cleans+ process requir$ ( !m & o!rs z a fitt+ prep>ation be=e receiv+ ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 ,su* prep>ation 0 n absolutely necess>y 9 _! case1 = !y 7 already clean f mortal s91 b x 0 fitt+ & 9 "s s5se requir$1 9 ord] t !y might remove ! du/ ( v5ial s91 :i* 0 daily cl++ to !m 9 _! contact ) ! _w4 ,x is cle>ly impli$ t if !y _h n be5 clean1 t is to say1 free f mortal s91 a m ?or\gh cleans+ w\ld h necess>y4 ,! mean+1 !n1 seems to be t "o :o has ba!d spiritually by hav+ 8 s\l cleans$ f mortal s91 ne$s aft]w>ds1 z a fitt+ prep>ation = ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 m]ely t limit$ cleans+ t 0 symboliz$ by ! wa%+ ( only ! feet4 #aa4 ,sciebat enim quisnam esset #aa4 ,= he knew :o he 0 qui trad]et eum3 propt]ea t w\ld betray him2 dixit3 ,non e/is mundi omnes4 !re=e he said3 ,y are n all clean4 #ab4 ,po/quam ergo lavit p$es #ab4 ,!n aft] he _h wa%$ eorum1 et accepit ve/im5ta _! feet1 & tak5 8 sua3 cum recubuisset it]um1 g>m5ts1 be+ sat d[n dixit eis3 ,scitis quid fec]im aga91 he said to !m3 ,"k vobis8 y :at ,i h done to y8 #ac4 ,vos vocatis me1 ,magi/] #ac4 ,y call me ,ma/]1 & et ,dom9e3 et b5$icitis3 sum ,"l3 & y say well1 = s et5im4 ,i am4 #ad4 ,si ergo ego lavi p$es #ad4 ,if !n ,i1 be+ y\r ve/ros1 ,dom9us et ,magi/]3 ,"l & ,ma/]1 h wa%$ et vos debetis alt] alt]ius y\r feet2 y also ought to lav>e p$es4 wa% "o ano!r's feet4 #ae4 ,exemplum enim d$i vobis1 #ae4 ,= ,i h giv5 y an ut quemadmodum ego feci vobis1 example1 t z ,i h done ita et vos faciatis4 to y1 s y d also4 #af4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 ,non #af4 ,am51 am51 ,i say to y3 e/ s]vus maior dom9o suo3 ,! s]vant is n great] neque apo/olus maior e/ eo ?an 8 "l3 nei!r is ! qui misit illum4 apo/le great] ?an he t s5t him4 #abaf4 ,hav+ conclud$ ! wa%+ ( ! feet1 & aga9 recl9$1 ,jesus po9ts out to ! ,apo/les ! moral significance ( :at ,he _h done4 ,if ,he1 :om !y rightly call$ ,"l & ,ma/] condesc5d$ to wa% _! feet1 h[ mu* m ought !y to wa% ! feet ( "o ano!r1 & p]=m t[>ds "o ano!r simil> acts ( humility & mutual *>ity8 ,x 0 t !y might reflect 9 _! own lives ?is _s ( humility & *>ity t ,he _h set !m ! example2 & ?\gh su* humble (fices ( *>ity might at fir/ sight seem unwor?y ( !m1 or b5ea? !m1 yet a s]vant is n great] ?an 8 ma/]2 & :i!r ,*ri/ _h /oop$ !y too %\ld be prep>$ to /oop4 #ag4 ,si haec scitis1 beati #ag4 ,if y "k ^! ?+s1 eritis si fec]itis ea4 y %all be bless$ if y d !m4 #ag4 ,9 ?is v]se1 ,he promises !m happ9ess "h & h]eaft]1 if !y cont9ue to fulfil t[>ds "o ano!r su* (fices ( humility & mutual *>ity4 #ah4 ,non de omnibus vobis dico3 #ah4 ,i speak n ( y all3 ,i ego scio quos eleg]im3 s$ ut "k :om ,i h *os53 b adimpleatur scriptura3 ,qui t ! scripture may be m&ucat mecum panem1 levabit fulfill$1 ,he t eate? contra me calcaneum suum4 bread ) me1 %all lift up 8 heel aga9/ me4 #ah4 ,*ri/ does n "h qualify ! promise made 9 v]se #ag1 = t promise 0 conditional1 & z su* is univ]sally true4 ,b tak+ occasion f ! ^w 8bless$10 :i* ,he _h us$1 ,he proce$s to say t n all ( !m are1 or %all be1 bless$4 99,i "k :om ,i h 9999 *os5499 ,,ss4 ,aug4 & ,b$e und]/& ,*ri/ to speak ( ! *oice or election by :i* ,he _h pr$e/9$ "s to glory2 & z ,judas 0 n pr$e/9$1 !re=e ,*ri/ _h n int5d$ to speak ( bless$ness 9 connection ) him4 ,b s9ce1 9 o!r p>ts ( ,scripture1 ,*ri/ nev] attributes ! act ( pr$e/9at+ to ,himself1 b only to ! ,fa!r1 h5ce we pref]1 ) ,tol41 ,mald41 ,a ,lap41 to und]/& "h n ( election to glory1 b ( ! call to ! ,apo/le%ip2 & ! s5se is3 ,i "k :at sort are ! twelve :om ,i h *os5 to be ,apo/les1 & t "o ( !m is n bless$1 & nev] %all be4 99,b t ! ,scripture may be fulfill$499 ,! s5se is3 b ?\gh ,i "k & knew h[ unwor?y "o ( y is1 /ill ,i call$ him to ! ,apo/le%ip1 t ! ,scripture might be fulfill$ :i* =etold 8 +ratitude & guilt4 ,t ! pr$iction ( ! trea*]y ( ,judas did n deprive him ( 8 lib]ty1 nor ext5uate 8 guilt1 see above on xii4 #ch4 ,! ,scripture quot$ is f ,psalm xl4 #aj1 :]e ,david compla9s ( ! +ratitude ( "s p]son :om he _h treat$ z 8 famili> fri5d4 ,david & 8 false fri5d 7 types ( ,*ri/ & ,judas2 &1 z we le>n f ! pres5t passage ( ,/4 ,john1 ! my/ical s5se ( ,david's words _h ref]5ce to ! betrayal ( ,*ri/ by ,judas4 ,9 ! quotation1 ! words 99%all lift99 7or r 8has lift$10 = levabit ought to be levavit7 99up 8 heel aga9/ me991 are to be tak5 metaphorically4 ,! mean+ probably is t ! +ratitude ( ,judas is l t ( ! bea/ :i* kicks him :o fe$s x & treats x k9dly4 #ai4 ,amodo dico vobis1 #ai4 ,at pres5t ,i tell y1 priusquam fiat3 ut cum factum be=e x come to pass3 t fu]it1 cr$atis quia ego sum4 :5 x %all come to pass1 y may believe t ,i am he4 #ai4 ,*ri/ tells !m t ,he n[ makes kn[n to !m ! trea*]y ( "o ( !m1 9 ord] t :5 x %all h come to pass1 !y may rememb] t ,he _h =ekn[l$ge ( x1 & may believe ,him to be ,god4 #bj4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 qui #bj4 ,am51 am51 ,i say to y1 accipit si quem mis]o1 me he t receive? :omsoev] ,i accipit3 qui autem me accipit1 s5d1 receive? me3 & he accipit eum qui me misit4 t receive? me1 receive? him t s5t me4 #bj4 ,"s hold t ?is v]se has no connection ) ! context "h2 & t ! words ( ,*ri/ ) :i* x 0 connect$ are omitt$ by our ,evangeli/4 ,o!rs connect 9 v>i\s ways4 ,) ,beel51 we pref] to connect z foll[s4 ,9 v]ses #aeag1 ,*ri/ _h exhort$ ! ,apo/les to %>e 9 ,8 humiliations2 !n1 9 v]ses #ah & #ai he digress$1 to speak ( ! trea*]y ( ,judas2 & n[ aft] ! digression ,he tells !m1 = _! consolation1 t !y %all be %>]s 9 ,8 hon\r4 ,"s h>moni/s place ! in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ imm$iately aft] ! words record$ 9 v]se #bj2 o!rs1 aft] v]se #bb2 & o!rs1 at o!r po9ts 9 ! n>rative4 #ba4 ,cum haec dixisset ,iesus1 #ba4 ,:5 ,jesus _h said ^! turbatus e/ spiritu3 et ?+s1 he 0 tr\bl$ 9 prote/atus e/1 et dixit3 _s3 & he te/ifi$1 & ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 quia said3 ,am51 am51 ,i say to unus ex vobis tradet me4 y1 "o ( y %all betray me4 #ba4 99,he 0 tr\bl$ 9 _s499 ,z we said above on xi4 #bc1 ?is p]turbation ( s\l 0 freely p]mitt$ by ,*ri/4 ,! disclosure ( ! traitor _h be5 begun e>li] 9 ! night4 ,x is record$ m or less fully by ! f\r ,evangeli/s1 b 9 su* a mann] z to r5d] x extremely probable t ,*ri/ return$ to ! subject sev]al times dur+ ! night4 ,/4 ,mat!w 7xxvi4 #ba1 & foll47 & ,/4 ,m>k 7xiv4 #ah1 & foll[+7 record ! allusion to ! traitor1 imm$iately be=e ! in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 ,/4 ,luke1 on ! o!r h&1 records x imm$iately aft] ! same ev5t3 8,?is is ! *alice1 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 9 my blood1 :i* %all be %$ = y4 ,b yet behold1 ! h& ( him t betraye? me is ) me on ! table0 7,luke xxii4 #bj1 #ba74 ,/4 ,john does n ref]1 at lea/ explicitly1 to ! in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/2 b 9 8 n>rative ! trea*]y ( ,judas is at fir/ ins9uat$ dur+ ! wa%+ ( ! feet 7v]se #aj72 aga9 allud$ to 9 v]se #ah2 &1 f9ally1 cle>ly =etold 9 v]se #bf4 ,we c be/ reconcile all ! ,evangeli/s by hold+ t1 9 ! hope ( det]r+ ,judas f 8 awful purpose1 our ,"l return$ sev]al times to ! same subject3 fir/1 dur+ ! wa%+ ( ! feet1 z 9 ,/4 ,john2 !n be=e ! in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 z 9 ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k2 !n1 imm$iately aft] ! in/itution1 z 9 ,/4 ,luke2 & f9ally1 :5 ! dipp$ bread 0 h&$ to ! traitor1 & he left ! room1 z 9 ,/4 ,john4 8,no d\bt x w\ld be difficult to admit ?is supposition if ! words 9 "q 7! words ( ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s7 conta9$1 z seems g5]ally to be tak5 = grant$1 a di/9ct id5tification ( ! traitor4 ,= x c\ld h>dly be suppos$ t ,judas1 if ?us po9t$ out1 c\ld h reta9$ 8 place at ! supp] table1 among ! ,apo/les4 ,b1 9 reality1 !re is no reason to reg>d ! expressions record$ by ,/4 ,mat!w & ,/4 ,m>k--& ! same may be said ( t record$ by ,/4 ,luke--z ?us di/9ctly id5tify+ ! "o :o 0 to betray our ,"l40 8,we may1 inde$1 reg>d !m z convey+ an intimation to ,judas himself1 if1 z may be suppos$1 at ! "t !y 7 utt]$1 or %ortly be=e x1 8 h& _h be5 ^u ! table1 or if he _h help$ himself to "s meat f ! same di% z our ,"l1 & ^? o!rs :o sat 9 imm$iate proximity to ,him4 ,or we may ev5 suppose t ^? expressions1 or at lea/ "s ( !m1 7 altoge!r indef9ite1 s z to convey only ! sad intellig5ce t x 0 "o ( ,8 *os5 ,twelve :o 0 ab\t to betray ,him2 j z ! words1 #8,unus ve/rum me traditurus e/1' ( ,/4 ,mat!w 7xxvi4 #ba71 or ! #8,unus ex vobis tradet me1 qui m&ucat mecum' ( ,/4 ,m>k 7xiv4 #ah71 or ! prophetic words ( ! ,psalmi/ 7,ps4 xl4 #aj7 quot$ by our ,"l1 z record$ by ,/4 ,john 7xiii4 #ah71 #8,qui m&ucat mecum panem1 levabit contra me calcaneum suum4' 8,b !re appe>s no suffici5t reason = suppos+ t any ( ! expressions hi!rto quot$ 0 calculat$1 or 0 int5d$1 to id5tify ! traitor1 at lea/ 9 ! eyes ( 8 fell[,apo/les47#ic7 ,?us1 !n1 !re is no difficulty 9 suppos+ t !y may h be5 spok5 by our ,"l at ev5 an e>ly p]iod ( ! supp]40 8,! incid5t record$ by ,/4 ,john 7xiii4 #ba1 #cj7 is ( an ess5tially diff]5t "*4 ,!re our ,"l1 aft] ann\nc+ 9 g5]al t]ms1 #8,unus ex vobis tradet me1' is appeal$ to by ,/4 ,john1 at ! in/ance ( ,/4 ,pet]1 to decl>e :o ! traitor may be4 ,! reque/ ( ! belov$ disciple is promptly met by ! response1 #8,ille e/1 cui ego int9ctum panem porrex]o2' & ! traitor is imm$iately po9t$ out by ! signal ?us select$ by our ,"l3 #8,et quum int9xisset panem1 d$it ,judae ,simonis ,isc>iotae4' 07#id7 #bb4 ,aspiciebant ergo ad #bb4 ,! disciples !re=e invicem discipuli1 haesitantes look$ "o ^u ano!r1 de quo dic]et4 d\bt+ ( :om he spoke4 #bb4 99,! disciples !re=e look$99 7r1 7 look+1 z 9 ! orig9al & ,vulgate7 99"o ^u ano!r1 d\bt+ ( :om he spoke994 ,! words vividly recall ! actual sc5e4 ,/range z ! pr$iction 01 no "o d\bt$ its fulfilm5t2 !y m]ely d\bt$ ( :om ,he spoke4 ,we say ( :om ,he spoke1 = ?\gh ! orig9al might mean1 ( :at ,he spoke1 ,pet]'s "q imm$iately aft]w>ds3 8,:o is x ( :om he speake?80 7v4 #bd71 %[s t _! d\bt reg>d$ m]ely :i* ( !m 0 to betray ,him4 ,e>li] 9 ! night1 :5 ,he fir/ ref]r$ to ! betrayal1 !y may p]haps h d\bt$ ev5 :at ,he meant2 b t /age 0 n[ pass$1 & ! only d\bt rema9+ 0 z to :i* ( _! numb] 0 to play ! "p ( traitor4 #bc4 ,erat ergo recumb5s unus #bc4 ,n[ !re 0 lean+ on ex discipulis eius 9 s9u ,jesus' bosom "o ( 8 ,iesu1 quem diligebat ,iesus4 disciples :om ,jesus lov$4 #bc4 99,n[ !re 0 lean+ on ,jesus' bosom499 ,r3 8,n[ !re 0 recl9+ at ! table 9 7 444 7 ,jesus' bosom40 ,in/ead ( sitt+ at table1 z we d n[1 ! ,jews ( our ,"l's "t1 & = "s "t be=e & aft]1 recl9$4 ,! gue/s lay re/+ on _! left arm1 /ret*$ obliquely1 _! feet be+ beh9d !m1 in/ead ( "u ! table1 z ) u4 ,9 ?is way a gue/ 0 recl9+ close to ! bosom ( ! gue/ beh9d him1 & su* 0 ! position t ,/4 ,john occupi$ 9 ref]5ce to ,*ri/ on ?is occasion4 ,:5 ?ree recl9$ on ! same c\*1 ! c5tre 0 ! place ( hon\r4 99,"o ( 8 disciples :om ,jesus lov$499 ,?is1 accord+ to all antiquity1 0 our ,evangeli/ himself4 ,! title1 :i* occurs "h = ! fir/ "t1 is p]haps sugge/$ by ! recollection ( ! privileg$ position he occupi$ at ! ,la/ ,supp]4 ,x occurs aga91 xix4 #bf2 xxi4 #g1 #bj4 ,comp4 also xx4 #b4 #bd4 ,innuit ergo huic ,simon #bd4 ,simon ,pet] !re=e ,petrus1 et dixit ei3 ,quis e/1 beckon$ to him1 & said to de quo dicit8 him3 ,:o is x ( :om he speake?8 #bd4 ,! be/support$ ,greek read+ agrees sub/antially ) ! ,vulgate3 8,simon ,pet] !re=e beckone? to him1 & sai? unto him1 ,tell :o x is ( :om he speake?40 ,accord+ to ?is read+1 ,/4 ,john 0 n ask$ to inquire ( ,jesus :o ! traitor 01 b ,/4 ,pet] takes = grant$ t ,/4 ,john _h already le>n$ f ,jesus1 & simply asks ! belov$ disciple to make x kn[n to !m all4 ,9 ! o!r & less probable read+1 ,/4 ,john is ask$ to inquire 77 :o ! traitor is4 ,x might seem m 9 accordance ) ,/4 ,pet]'s "*1 t he %\ld directly ask our ,"l to po9t out ! traitor1 b x is possible t ,*ri/'s ?reat1 record$ 9 v]se #h1 may h made him less confid5t ?an usual4 #be4 ,itaque cum recubuisset #be4 ,he !re=e lean+ on ille supra pectus ,iesu1 dicit ! brea/ ( ,jesus sai? to ei3 ,dom9e quis e/6 him3 ,"l1 :o is x8 #be4 ,if ,/4 ,pet] suppos$ t ,/4 ,john already knew :o ! traitor 01 he 0 mi/ak51 z we see by ?is v]se4 99,he !re=e lean+ on499 ,! be/support$ ,greek read+ w\ld be r5d]$ ?us3 ,he lean+ back1 z he 01 on c4 7 74 ,f 8 recl9+ position1 ,/4 ,john _h m]ely to lean a little f>!r back 9 ord] to re/ 8 head on ,8 ,div9e ,ma/]'s brea/4 ,?us 8z he 010 i4e41 )\t *ang+ 8 position at table1 by m]ely lean+ back1 he 0 n only close to ! bosom ( ,jesus1 b 0 on ,8 brea/1 & c\ld :isp] 8 "q4 ,all ! fa!rs speak ( ! privilege conf]r$ ^u ,/4 ,john on ?is occasion 9 8 be+ admitt$ to su* famili>ity ) 8 ,div9e ,ma/]4 #bf4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,ille e/ #bf4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,he x is cui ego int9ctum panem to :om ,i %all rea* bread porrex]o4 ,et cum int9xisset dipp$4 ,& :5 he _h dipp$ panem1 d$it ,iudae ,simonis ! bread1 he gave x to ,judas ,isc>iotae4 ,isc>iot1 ! son ( ,simon4 #bf4 ,if we suppose ! bread :i* 0 h&$ to ,judas to h be5 dipp$ 9 ! ,*>ose? 77 a k9d ( sauce us$ at ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 !n ! meats ( ! ,pas*al ,supp] mu/ h be5 /ill ^u ! table4 ,?is !re is no difficulty 9 admitt+1 ev5 if ! ord9>y supp]1 foll[+ ^u ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 _h already be5 p>tak5 (4 #bg4 ,et po/ buccellam1 #bg4 ,& aft] ! morsel1 introivit 9 eim ,satanas4 ,et ,satan ent]$ into him4 ,& dixit ei ,iesus2 ,quod facis1 ,jesus said to him3 ,t :i* fac citius4 ?\ do/1 d quickly4 #bg4 ,aft] ! morsel _h be5 giv5 to ,judas1 8,satan ent]$ into him20 t is to say1 ,judas n[ reveal$ z a traitor1 at lea/ to ,/4 ,john1 became /ill m confirm$ 9 8 evil purpose4 ,! words are g5]ally und]/ood n z imply+ corporal possession ( ,judas by ! devil1 b z signify+ t ! devil n[ ga9$ full control ov] him 9 ref]5ce to ! crime contemplat$4 99,& ,jesus said to him3 ,t :i* ?\ do/1 d quickly991 aga9 intimat+ t ,he knew ! traitor's ?\ghts1 & at ! same "t manife/+ ,8 own read9ess to suff]4 ,^! words ( our ,"l d n conta9 a comm& or p]mission to ,judas to commit ! crime3 b1 tak+ = grant$ ! traitor's fix$ det]m9ation 8,t :i* ?\ do/10 i4e41 ha/ det]m9$ to d1 !y %[ ,*ri/'s read9ess & eag]ness to beg9 to dr9k ( ! *alice t await$ ,him4 #bh4 ,hoc autem nemo scivit #bh4 ,n[ no man at ! table discumb5tium ad quid dix]it knew to :at purpose he said ei4 ?is unto him4 #bh4 ,! disciples1 ev5 ,/4 ,john1 knew n to :at purpose ,*ri/ _h told ,judas to d quickly :at he 0 det]m9$ to d4 ,?\gh ,/4 ,john1 at lea/1 _h le>n$ imm$iately be=e t ,judas 0 to betray our ,"l1 /ill he probably did n expect t ! betrayal w\ld foll[ s rapidly ^u ! disclosure ( ! traitor4 #bi4 ,quidam enim putabant1 quia #bi4 ,= "s ?\ght1 because loculos habebat ,judas1 quod ,judas _h ! purse1 t dixisset ei ,iesus3 ,eme ea quae ,jesus _h said to him3 ,buy opus sunt nobis ad diem ^? ?+s :i* we h fe/um3 aut eg5is ut aliquid ne$ ( = ! fe/ival day3 d>et4 or t he %\ld give some?+ to ! poor4 #bi4 99,= "s ?\ght 444 = ! fe/ival day994 ,?is conjecture ( ! ,apo/les is adduc$ by "s writ]s z a pro( t ! supp] m5tion$ by ,/4 ,john 9 ?is ?irte5? *apt] is n ! ,pas*al ,supp]2 or1 if ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 t x 0 n celebrat$ on ! night ( ! #ad? ( ,nisan4 ,!y argue--7a7 t on ! night ( ! #ad? ( ,nisan x w\ld n h be5 lawful to buy or sell2 &1 !re=e1 ! ,apo/les w\ld n h conjectur$ z on ?is occasion !y did2 & 7b7 t on ! night ( ! #ad? ( ,nisan ! ,fea/ w\ld already h begun1 & ! ,apo/les w\ld n h conjectur$ t ,judas 0 ab\t to buy necess>ies 9 prep>ation = ! ,fea/4 ,b to 7a7 we reply t ! buy+ & sell+ ( articles ( food 0 n =bidd5 dur+ ! ,pas* 7,exod4 xii4 #af71 & c]ta9ly 0 n =bidd5 on a fe/ival t fell1 z 9 ?is case1 on a ,friday1 ! day be=e ! ,sabba?4 ,to 7b7 we answ] t ?\gh ! fe/ival "t _h begun1 yet x la/$ sev5 days2 & ! fact t a few h\rs ( ! fe/al p]iod _h already elaps$ w\ld n prev5t ! ,apo/les f conjectur+ t ,judas might be mak+ provision = ! long p]iod t 0 /ill to come4 99,to ! poor499 ,f ?is conjecture1 & f xii4 #e1 we may conclude t our ,"l & ! ,apo/les 7 9 ! habit ( giv+ alms to ! poor4 #cj4 ,cum ergo accepisset ille #cj4 ,he !re=e hav+ buccellam1 exivit cont9uo4 receiv$ ! morsel1 w5t out ,erat autem nox4 imm$iately4 ,& x 0 night4 #cj4 ,:5 ,judas f\nd himself reveal$ z ! traitor1 he imm$iately left ! supp]room4 ,! ,evangeli/ adds3 99,& x 0 night991 no d\bt 9 ord] to give complet5ess to ! hi/ory1 b possibly also to m>k ! contra/ ( ! light ,judas left beh9d him ) ! out] d>kness into :i* he w5t =?4 8,erat autem nox10 says ,/4 ,aug41 8,et ipse qui exivit erat nox40 ,let u "h pause = a mom5t 9 ! n>rative ( ,/4 ,john to inquire :e!r ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ 0 in/itut$ be=e ! dep>ture ( ,judas2 :e!r1 !re=e1 he sacrilegi\sly receiv$ ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ & 0 orda9$ prie/ at ! ,la/ ,supp]4 ,! great majority ( ! fa!rs answ] 9 ! affirmative4 ,?is view seems to u extremely probable4 ,= ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s all take c>e to tell u t ,jesus sat d[n ) ! ,twelve2 & !n a few v]ses aft]w>ds1 )\t any indication ( a *ange 9 ! company1 )\t ! slighte/ h9t t anyone _h dep>t$1 !y proce$3 8,& :il/ !y 7 at supp]1 ,jesus took bread1 & bless$1 & broke1 & gave to ,8 disciples1 & said3 ,take ye1 & eat2 ?is is ,my body0 7,matt4 xxvi4 #bf74 ,comp>e ,/4 ,m>k & ,/4 ,luke4 ,h5ce1 al?\gh !y mu/ h _h ! trea*]y ( ,judas be=e _! m9ds :ile writ+1 yet !y say n a ^w ab\t 8 dep>ture1 z x might naturally be expect$ !y w\ld1 if he _h actually dep>t$4 ,nay1 ,/4 ,luke's v]sion ( our ,"l's words cle>ly implies t ,judas 0 pres5t at ! in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/2 = 9 ,/4 ,luke our ,"l seems to contra/ ,8 own love 9 in/itut+ ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ ) ! trea*]y ( "o :o 0 pres5t4 8,?is is ! *alice1 ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 ,my blood1 :i* %all be %$ = y4 ,b yet behold1 ! h& ( him t betraye? ,me is ) ,me on ! table0 7,luke xxii4 #bj1 #ba74 ,!re=e1 accord+ to ,/4 ,luke1 ,judas 0 /ill at ! table aft] ! in/itution2 & ,/4 ,m>k /ates t all pres5t drank ( ! *alice3 8,& !y all drank ( x0 7xiv4 #bc74 ,x seems to u1 !n1 mu* m probable t ,judas receiv$ ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 & 0 orda9$ prie/ at ! ,la/ ,supp]4 ,_m1 h[ev]1 hold ! opposite view2 among o!rs1 ,/4 ,hil>y1 ,innoc5t ,,iii41 ,salm]on1 ,b4 ,lamy1 ,corluy1 ,lang51 & ,cornely4 ,! latt] says t he agrees 9 ?is 8,cum pl]isque mod]nis0 7,corn41 iii41 p4 #bih1 note74 ,_! pr9cipal argum5ts are3 7#a7 ,t ,/4 ,mat!w1 :o 0 pres5t at ! ,la/ ,supp]1 records ! disclosure ( ! traitor be=e ! in/itution ( ! ,eu*>i/1 :ile we "k f ,/4 ,john 7v]se #cj7 t ,judas dep>t$ :5 he 0 disclos$3 !re=e he dep>t$ be=e ! in/itution ( ! ,eu*>i/4 ,b ?is argum5t loses its =ce1 if we hold z above1 t ,*ri/ ref]r$ on sev]al occasions dur+ ! night to ! trea*]y ( ,judas1 & only on ! la/ occasion def9itely disclos$ :o ! traitor 04 7#b7 ,!y say1 t surely our ,"l did n all[ ,judas to make a sacrilegi\s ,communion & receive ,holy ,ord]s1 :5 ,he c\ld s easily h prev5t$ x4 ,b we may reply t ,*ri/ ref]r$ sev]al times to ! betrayal1 9 ord] to recall ,judas to a bett] s5se2 fail+ 9 ?is1 ,he left him free1 j z ,he leaves unwor?y communicants or bad prie/s free n[4 ,we believe1 !n1 t mod]n comm5tators h no solid reason = dep>t+ f :at 0 und5iably ! common view 9 ! e>ly ,*ur*1 t ,judas at ! ,la/ ,supp] did receive ,holy ,communion & 0 orda9$ prie/4 #ca4 ,cum ergo exisset1 dixit #ca4 ,:5 he !re=e 0 gone ,iesus3 ,nunc cl>ificatus e/ out1 ,jesus said3 ,n[ is ! ,filius hom9is3 et ,deus son ( man glorifi$1 & ,god cl>ificatus e/ 9 eo4 is glorifi$ 9 him4 #ca4 ,) ?is v]se our ,"l's la/ disc\rses beg94 ,!y are divid$ into two portions by ! *ange ( place at ! close ( *apt] xiv41 ! fir/ portion conta9+ :at 0 spok5 9 ! ,supp] ,room 7xiii4 #caxiv4 #ca72 ! second1 :at 0 spok5 j outside ! ,supp] ,room or along ! way to ,ge?semane or at "s po9t on ! way 7xv41 xvi474 ,9 ! fir/ portion ! lead+ ideas are t ,he & ! ,apo/les are to be sep>at$ because ,he is ab\t to asc5d to ! glory ( ! ,fa!r2 /ill1 t not)/&+ ! sep>ation1 !y %all n be orphans1 b ,he & !y %all be unit$4 99,:5 he !re=e 0 gone out ,jesus said499 ,! dep>ture ( ,judas m>k$ ! beg9n+ ( ! end1 & ,jesus at once turn$ to ! elev5 ) words t prove ,8 k ( :at 0 ab\t to happ51 & ,8 acceptance ( ! issue ( ! traitor's "w4 99,n[ is ! son ( man glorifi$499 ,judas _h f9ally decid$ to betray ,him1 & ,he ,himself _h fully accept$ :at 0 to foll[1 s t ,8 dea?1 n[ s c]ta9 & s ne>1 might be spok5 ( z already pa/3 8is 444 glorifi$40 ,= _! consolation & enc\ragem5t ,he ref]s to ,8 dea? z a glorification1 z inde$ x 01 be+ a triumph ov] ,satan & s91 & ! prelude to victory ov] dea? itself4 99,& ,god is glorifi$ 9 him499 ,god's rigor\s ju/ice & b\ndless love = m5 7 manife/$ by ,8 s5d+ ,8 ,div9e ,son to die = !m1 & h5ce ,god 0 glorifi$ 9 ! dea? ( ,*ri/4 ,see ,rom4 iii4 #be1 #bf2 v4 #h1 #i4 #cb4 ,si ,deus cl>ificatus e/ #cb4 ,if ,god be glorifi$ 9 9 eo1 et ,deus cl>ificabit him1 ,god also w glorify him eum 9 semetipso3 et cont9uo 9 himself3 & imm$iately cl>ificabit eum4 w he glorify him4 #cb4 ,_m au?orities omit ! words3 8,if ,god be glorifi$ 9 him40 99,9 himself499 ,! mean+ seems to be3 ) ,himself1 z 9 xvii4 #e3 8,& n[ glorify ?\ me1 ,o ,fa!r1 ) ?yself40 99,imm$iately991 we ref] to ! "t ( ! crucifixion4 #cc4 ,filioli1 adhuc modicum #cc4 ,little *ildr51 yet a vobiscum sum qua]etis me3 et little :ile ,i am ) y4 sicut dixi ,iudaeis3 ,quo ego ,y %all seek me1 & z ,i vado1 vos non pote/is v5ire3 said to ! ,jews3 ,:i!r ,i et vobis dico modo4 g1 y _c come3 s ,i say to y n[4 #cc4 ,! glorification ( ,*ri/ impli$ ,8 dep>ture f ! ,apo/les1 & ! "t 0 n[ come = mak+ kn[n to !m ! sep>ation4 ,at pres5t !y1 any m ?an ,8 enemies1 c\ld n foll[ ,him1 & :at ,he _h be=e decl>$ to ,8 enemies 7vii4 #cc1 #cd71 ,he n[ decl>es to ,8 de>e/ fri5ds4 ,yet1 ?\gh ! sub/ance ( ! decl>ation is 9 bo? cases ! same1 ,*ri/'s purpose 9 mak+ x 0 v diff]5t4 ,to ! ,jews x 0 made 9 ! hope t !y w\ld ?us be urg$ to make good use ( ! "t t /ill rema9$ to !m be=e ! sep>ation1 :ile 9 ! pres5t case ! motive seems r to be to =e>m ! ,apo/les by =ew>n+ !m & putt+ be=e !m v>i\s motives ( consolation4 ,! t]m 77 occurs only "h 9 ! ,gospels1 b is f\nd six 7or sev57 times 9 ,/4 ,john's ,fir/ ,epi/le4 ,! dim9utive =m is expressive ( t5d] affection1 & p]haps ( anxiety = ^? :o 7 /ill immature4 99,little *ildr5 y %all seek me991 c4 ,see above on vii4 #cd4 ,! decl>ation is some:at diff]5t 9 =m on ?is second occasion4 ,! words3 8& %all n f9d me0 7vii4 #cd7 are omitt$1 & in/ead (3 8:]e ,i am0 ! pres5t text has3 8:i!r ,i g40 ,z we h said1 ! lead+ idea 9 bo? cases is ( sep>ation1 b s9ce t sep>ation 0 to be foll[$ 9 ! case ( ! ,apo/les by spiritual union 7xiv4 #ah1 #bc71 h5ce ,he n[ omits ! words3 8& %all n f9d me20 ?\gh 9 ! s5se ( n f9d+ ,him any long] visibly pres5t among !m1 ! words 7 true ev5 9 ref]5ce to ! ,apo/les4 #cd4 ,m&atum novum d vobis3 #cd4 ,a new comm&m5t ,i give ut diligatis invicem1 sicut unto y3 ,t y love "o dilexi vos1 ut et vos ano!r1 z ,i h lov$ y1 diligatis invicem4 t y also love "o ano!r4 #cd4 ,*ri/ calls ?is comm&m5t a new "o1 because ?\gh love ( ! neighb\r _h be5 comm&$ 9 ! ,law 7,lev4 xix4 #ah71 yet love modell$ on ! love ( ,*ri/ z its exempl>1 ,*ri/ian love1 _h nev] be5 comm&$ be=e4 ,! words3 99,z ,i h lov$ y991 imply t we %\ld love our neighb\r ) ! same k9d ( love1 & f ! same motive1 z ,*ri/ loves u2 b n1 ( c\rse1 9 ! same measure1 = ( ?is we are incapable4 #ce4 ,9 hoc cognosc5t omnes #ce4 ,by ?is %all all m5 "k quia discipuli mei e/is1 si t y are my disciples1 if dilectionem habu]itis ad y h love "o = ano!r4 invicem4 #ce4 ,?is mutual love 0 to be a di/9ctive m>k ( ,*ri/'s p]fect disciples4 ,& s1 9 fact1 x 0 9 ! e>ly ,*ur*1 = ,t]tullian tells u t ! ,pagans us$ to say3 8,see h[ ^! ,*ri/ians love "o ano!r06444 8& h[ !y are ready to die = "o ano!r06 7,apol4 #ci74 #cf4 ,dicit et ,simon ,petrus3 #cf4 ,simon ,pet] sai? to him3 ,dom9e1 quo vadis8 ,respondit ,"l :i!r goe/ ?\8 ,jesus ,iesus3 ,quo ego vado1 non potes answ]$3 ,:i!r ,i g1 ?\ me modo sequi3 sequ]is autem can/ n foll[ me n[1 b po/ea4 ?\ %alt foll[ h]eaft]4 #cf4 ,/4 ,pet]1 all absorb$ 9 ,*ri/'s words1 7v]se #cc71 :i* signifi$ t he 0 to be sep>at$ f 8 ,div9e ,ma/]1 asks3 99,"l1 :i!r 9999 goe/ ?\899 ,*ri/'s reply means t ,he 0 go+ to ,8 ,fa!r1 :i!r ,pet] %\ld "o day foll[1 ?\gh he c\ld n foll[ !n4 99,?\ %alt foll[ h]eaft]499 ,^! words impli$ ,pet]'s f9al p]sev]ance & salvation4 #cg4 ,dicit ei ,petrus3 ,qu>e non #cg4 ,pet] sai? to him3 ,:y possum te sequi modo8 animam _c ,i foll[ !e n[8 ,i meam pro te ponam4 w lay d[n my life = !e4 #cg4 ,/4 ,pet]1 n und]/&+ ,*ri/'s reply1 & ?9k+ t ,he meant to g to "s place ( dang]1 te/ifies 8 read9ess to die = ,*ri/1 & h5ce1 he implies1 to foll[ ,him any:]e4 #ch4 ,respondit ei ,iesus3 ,animam #ch4 ,jesus answ]$ him3 ,wilt tuam pro me pones8 ,am51 am5 ?\ lay d[n ?y life = me8 dico tibi3 non cantabit ,am51 am51 ,i say to !e1 ! gallus1 donec t] me neges4 cock %all n cr[1 till ?\ d5y me ?rice4 #ch4 ,*ri/ replies1 rebuk+ ,pet]'s boa/ful confid5ce1 & decl>+ t s f> 0 ,pet] f be+ ready at t "t to die = ,him1 t be=e cockcr[ he w\ld d5y ,him ?rice4 ,we believe t our ,"l twice on ?is night pr$ict$ ! d5ials by ,pet]3 once 9 ! supp]room1 z record$ by ,/4 ,john "h1 & by ,/4 ,luke 7xxii4 #cd71 & aga9 on ! way to ,ge?semane1 z record$ by ,/4 ,matt4 7xxvi4 #cjcd71 & ,/4 ,m>k 7xiv4 #bfcj74 ,by ! latt] ,evangeli/s ! prophecy ( ,pet]'s d5ial is di/9ctly plac$ on ! way to ,ge?semane1 & connect$ ) ! prophecy ( ! g5]al des]tion ( ! ,apo/les4 ,?is latt] prophecy1 x may well be1 call$ =? f ,pet] a second expression ( 8 fe>less atta*m5t to 8 ,ma/]1 & ?is 0 foll[$ 9 turn by a second ref]5ce to ,pet]'s d5ials4 ,:ile ! o!r ?ree ,evangeli/s repres5t our ,"l z say+ t ! ?ree d5ials by ,pet] %\ld take place be=e ! cock w\ld cr[1 ,/4 ,m>k1 :o 0 a disciple ( ,/4 ,pet]1 records ! pr$iction m m9utely1 & repres5ts our ,"l z say+3 8,be=e ! cock cr[ twice1 ?\ %alt d5y me ?rice0 7,m>k xiv4 #cj74 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 no contradiction betwe5 ,/4 ,m>k & ! o!rs1 ev5 if all ref] to ! same pr$iction2 = ! second cr[+ ( ! cock1 be=e :i*1 accord+ to ,/4 ,m>k1 ! ?ree d5ials 7 to take place1 is t :i* is meant by ! o!r ,evangeli/s1 & :i* 0 univ]sally kn[n z 8! cockcr[+40 ,t ! cockcr[+ 9 our ,"l's "t 0 reg>d$ z s di/9ct a note ( "t z to h giv5 its "n to "o ( ! f\r wat*es ( ! night1 we h cle> evid5ce 9 ! ,gospels4 ,?us1 9 ,/4 ,m>k 7xiii4 #ce71 our ,"l says3 8,wat* ye !re=e 7= y "k n :5 ! "l ( ! h\se come?2 at ev51 or at midnight1 or at ! cockcr[+1 or 9 ! morn+740 ,?us1 !n1 al?\gh ! cock crew aft] ,pet]'s fir/ d5ial1 z ,/4 ,m>k records 7,m>k xiv4 #fh71 /ill ! "t g5]ally kn[n z cockcr[--ab\t #c a4m4--0 t meant :5 ! ^w 0 us$1 z x is 9 our ,"l's pr$iction 9 ,,ss4 ,matt41 ,luke1 & ,john1 )\t any special indication t ! fir/ cr[+ ( ! cock 0 ! "o int5d$4 ,h5ce1 ! second cr[+ ( ! cock ref]r$ to by ,/4 ,m>k 0 ! cockcr[+ m5tion$ by ! o!r ?ree ,evangeli/s4 ,be=e quitt+ ?is *apt]1 x may be well1 = cle>ness sake1 to repeat "h :at we consid] to be ! mo/ probable ord] ( ev5ts at ! ,la/ ,supp]4 7#a7 ,!re 0 ! ,pas*al ,supp]4 7#b7 ,dur+ ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 or at its close 7b c]ta9ly be=e ! ord9>y supp] 0 ov]3 see above on v]se #b71 ! wa%+ ( ! feet1 accompani$ by ! fir/ allusion to ! traitor 7,john xiii4 #aj74 7#c7 ,! ord9>y supp]1 dur+ :i* 7#d7 ,ano!r ref]5ce to ! traitor 7,matt4 xxvi4 #ba ff42 & ,m>k xiv4 #ah ff474 7#e7 ,! ,eu*>i/ic ,supp]4 7#f7 ,a ?ird ref]5ce to ! traitor 7,luke xxii4 #ba74 7#g7 ,! /rife among ! ,apo/les z to :i* ( !m 0 ! greate/1 occasion$1 p]haps1 by ! anxiety ( ea* to %ift f himself ! *>ge ( trea*]y4 7#h7 ,! "q ( ,/4 ,john 7,john xiii4 #be71 & ! f9al disclosure ( ! traitor1 :o quits ! supp] room4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 #ad4 99,*ri/ bids ! ,apo/les n to be tr\bl$ 9 he>t1 & puts be=e !m ?ree motives ( consolation499 #eg4 99,int]rupt$ by ,?omas ,he decl>es ,himself to be99 ! way1 99& ,8 ,fa!r99 ! t]m 99:i!r ,he goe?994 #hab;a4 99,philip's reque/1 & ,*ri/'s reply conta9+ a f\r? motive ( consolation499 #ab;b#ad4 99,all :o h ! requisite fai? %all p]=m ev5 great] miracles ?an ,81 = :atev] !y %all ask ! ,fa!r or ,himself 9 ,8 "n1 ,he w grant499 #aeag4 99,z a fif? motive ( consolation1 ,he promises to s5d !m ! ,holy ,gho/499 #ahba4 99,z a six? motive1 ,he promises to come to !m ,himself499 #bbbd4 99,n only to !m b to all ! fai?ful %all ,he come toge!r ) ! ,fa!r & ! ,holy ,gho/499 #bebf4 99,z a sev5? motive1 ,he tells !m t ! ,holy ,gho/ w tea* !m all tru?1 & call to _! m9ds all ,he has said to !m499 #bg4 99,z an eigh? motive1 ,he bequea!s !m ,8 peace499 #bh4 99,f9ally1 z a n9?1 ,he tells !m t to leave !m & g to ! ,fa!r is = ,8 great] glory499 #bi4 99,8 object 9 =etell+ ,8 dep>ture & return499 #cjca4 99,he decl>es ! approa* ( ,satan1 & invites ! ,apo/les to quit ! ,supp]room499 #a4 ,non turbetur cor ve/rum4 #a4 ,let n y\r he>t be ,cr$itis 9 ,deum1 et 9 me tr\bl$4 ,y believe 9 ,god1 cr$ite4 believe also 9 me4 #a4 99,let n y\r he>t be tr\bl$499 ,cont9u+ ! disc\rse aft] ! ,la/ ,supp]1 begun 9 xiii4 #ca1 ,jesus beg9s to console ! ,apo/les4 ,he saw t !y 7 sore at he>t1 z well !y might be1 on acc\nt ( :at ,he _h =etold t night--! trea*]y ( "o ( _! numb]1 ! d5ials ( ano!r1 & ,8 own dep>ture :i!r !y c\ld n foll[4 99,y believe 9 ,god1 believe 9999 also 9 me992 t is1 believe ,me also to be ,god1 :o c !re=e ov]come all ,my enemies1 & make y victori\s ov] y\rs4 ,in/ead ( 8y believe0 we h 9 ! ,greek 1 :i* by its =m might be ei!r an indicative or imp]ative1 b is m probably an indicative1 because x is n likely t ,*ri/ ?\ght x necess>y to exhort ! ,apo/les to believe 9 ,god1 a ?+ t e ,jew did4 #b4 ,9 domo ,patris mei #b4 ,9 my ,fa!r's h\se !re mansiones multae sunt2 si quo are _m mansions4 ,if n1 ,i m9us1 dixissem vobis3 quia w\ld h told y1 t ,i g vado p>>e vobis locum4 to prep>e a place = y4 #b4 99,9 my ,fa!r's h\se !re are _m mansions499 ,"h ,he puts be=e !m ! fir/ motive ( consolation2 namely1 t !re is room = !m z well z = ,him 9 heav51 9 t h\se ( ,god1 ! et]nal antitype ( ! ,jewi% ,temple 7ii4 #af71 :]e9 ,he ex]cis$ ! rights ( a ,son4 8,mansions0 r5d]s ! ,vulgate 8mansiones10 :i* 7 re/+ places or /ations along ! highways1 :]e travell]s f\nd refre%m5ts4 ,! ,greek ^w is f\nd 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t only "h & 9 v]se #bc4 99,if n1 ,i w\ld h told y t ,i g to prep>e a place = y499 ,t 71 ,vulg41 quia7 is almo/ c]ta9ly g5u9e17#ie7 & h5ce we mu/ expla9 ! text1 reta9+ x1 ?\gh its pres5ce creates difficulty4 7#a7 ,"s expla9 ?us4 ,if n1 yet ev5 9 t case ,i w\ld h told y t ,i g to prep>e a place = y 7my intimate fri5ds74 ,& if 79 t case7 ,i %\ld g to prep>e a place y1 ,i w\ld return1 c4 ,aga9/ ?is view1 h[ev]1 x is fairly object$ t ,*ri/'s go+ is ?us repres5t$ z purely hypo!tical1 :]eas f ! text x seems to be real3 8,& if ,i %all g 444 ,i w come aga940 7#b7 ,o!rs ?us3 ,if n1 w\ld ,i h told y t ,i g to prep>e a place = y8 ,9 ?is view a note ( int]rogation is suppli$1 a ?+ t ! orig9al text1 :i* 0 unpo9t$1 admits2 & ref]5ce is made to "s pa/ occasion :5 ,he promis$ to g & prep>e places = !m4 ,t we h no record ( a promise made 9 s _m words1 does n prove1 ( c\rse1 t x 0 n made4 7#c7 ,o!rs ?us3 ,if n1 ,i w\ld h told y s4 ,b1 9 fact1 !re are _m mansions1 = ,i g to prep>e a place = y4 ,aga9/ ?is view x is object$ t x supplies an ellipsis1 :i* is 9 no way indicat$ 9 ! text4 ,! same mean+1 h[ev]1 may be _h )\t any ellipsis1 if ! words3 8,if n1 ,i w\ld h told y0 be reg>d$ z p>5!tic4 ,! s5se w !n be3 9 ,my ,fa!r's h\se !re are _m mansions 7if n1 ,i w\ld h told y71 z is prov$ by ! fact t ,i g to prep>e a place = y4 99,to prep>e a place499 ,*ri/ by 8 dea?1 resurrection1 & asc5sion op5$ heav51 & made ready a place = man4 #c4 ,et si abi]o1 et #c4 ,& if ,i %all g1 & praep>av]o vobis locum3 prep>e a place = y3 ,i it]um v5io1 et accipiam vos w come aga91 & w take ad meipsum1 ut ubi sum ego1 et y to myself1 t :]e ,i am vos sitis4 y also may be4 #c4 99,i w come aga9499 ,?is is a second motive ( consolation4 ,!re is a diff]5ce ( op9ion z to :at com+ ( ,*ri/ is meant4 ,"s und]/& ( ,8 com+ at ! dea? ( ea* & ! p>ticul> judgm5t2 o!rs1 ( ,8 com+ at ! g5]al judgm5t2 & o!rs1 ( bo?4 ,we pref] ! la/ op9ion1 = :ile ,*ri/ took ! s\ls ( ! ,apo/les to ! mansions ( bliss at _! p>ticul> judgm5t1 x is only at ! g5]al judgm5t t ,he w take _! bodies & p]fect _! felicity4 ,! words _c ref] to ! cont9ual com+ ( ,*ri/ to ! ,*ur* ?r\gh ! ,holy ,gho/ :om ,he has s5t2 su* a mean+ is exclud$ by ! words t foll[3 8,& w take10 c4 #d4 ,et quo ego vado scitis1 et #d4 ,& :i!r ,i g y "k1 viam scitis4 & ! way y "k4 #d4 ,& ?\gh y may ?9k t y "k n :i!r ,i g1 nor ! way !reto1 yet y "k bo?4 ,= y "k ,my ,fa!r to :om ,i g1 & y "k ,me1 ! way t leads to ,him4 ,?is may be reg>d$ z a ?ird motive ( consolation4 #e4 ,dicit ei ,?omas3 ,dom9e1 #e4 ,?omas sai? to him3 ,"l1 nescimus quo vadis3 et quomodo we "k n :i!r ?\ possumus viam scire8 goe/1 & h[ c we "k ! way8 #f4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,ego sum #f4 ,jesus sai? to him1 ,i am via1 et v]itas1 et vita1 nemo ! way1 & ! tru?1 & v5it ad ,patrem1 nisi p] me4 ! life1 no man come? to ! ,fa!r b by me4 #e1 #f4 ,/4 ,?omas int]rupts1 & ,jesus expla9s1 po9t+ out t ,he ,himself is ! way to ! ,fa!r4 99,i am ! way1 & ! tru?1 & ! life499 ,_m int]pretations ( ^! words h be5 giv54 ,we believe t ! fir/ clause3 8,i am ! way10 answ]s ,?omas' difficulty2 b z su* a /atem5t itself ne$$ explanation1 ! rema9+ words 8& ! tru?1 & ! life10 are add$ to expla9 h[ ,*ri/ is ! way namely1 inasmu* z ,he is ! ,tru?1 i4e4 ! au?or ( fai?2 & ! ,life1 i4e4 ! au?or ( grace & ( ! sup]natural life ( ! s\l4 ,9 ?is view ! phrase hebraizes1 ! fir/ 8&0 be+ explanatory3 ,i am ! way1 inasmu* z ,i am ! tru? & ! life4 ,?is seems bett] ?an to hold ) ,,ss4 ,augu/9e & ,?omas t ,*ri/ decl>es ,himself ! way z man1 ! tru? & ! life z ,god4 ,/4 ,augu/9e's words are3 8,ipse igitur 7vadit7 ad seipsum p] seipsum40 ,b ! words t foll[ 9 ?is v]se3 8,no man come? to ! ,fa!r b by me10 %[ t ! ,fa!r1 & n ,*ri/ z ,god1 is ! t]m to :i* ! way 9 "q leads4 #g4 ,si cognovissetis me1 et #g4 ,if y _h kn[n me1 y ,patrem meum utique w\ld )\t d\bt h kn[n cognovissetis3 et amodo my ,fa!r also2 & f cognoscetis eum1 et vidi/is h5ce=? y %all "k him1 eum4 & y h se5 him4 #g4 ,hav+ told !m t ,he ,himself is ! way1 ,he n[ proce$s to po9t out to !m t if !y _h kn[n ?is way 9 ! mann] !y ought1 !y %\ld also h kn[n ! t]m t[>ds :i* x l$4 ,h5ce ! s5se is3 ,y w\ld "k ! ,fa!r to :om ,i g1 if y knew ,me2 = ,i & ! ,fa!r are ! same div9e sub/ance 7,john x4 #cj74 ,?omas _h said t !y did n "k ! t]m ( ,*ri/'s j\rney1 & !re=e c\ld n "k ! way !reto1 imply+ t ! way 0 to be kn[n f1 or at lea/ aft]1 ! t]m to :i* x l$4 ,*ri/ n[ decl>es t ! rev]se is ! case2 & if !y _h kn[n ,him1 ! way1 !y %\ld also h kn[n ! ,fa!r4 ,! words3 99,if y _h kn[n me991 imply t !y _h n yet kn[n ,*ri/ z !y ought4 ,!y _h inde$ kn[n ,him to "s ext5t z ,he admits 9 v]se #d1 b !y _h n realiz$ fully ,8 ,div9ity & consub/antiality ) ! ,fa!r1 else !y w\ld h implicitly kn[n ! ,fa!r 9 kn[+ ,him4 99,& f h5ce=? y %all "k him1 & y h se5 him499 ,we w\ld r5d] ! ,greek ?us3 8,& ev5 n[ 7see ,john xiii4 #ai7 y "k ,him1 & y h se5 ,him40 ,! s5se is1 t ev5 n[ !y knew ! ,fa!r 9 "s way ?r\gh _! imp]fect k ( ,*ri/1 & !y _h se5 ,him 9 see+ ,*ri/1 because1 z ,*ri/ adds 9 v]se #i3 8,he :o see? me1 see? ! ,fa!r also40 ,?us x 0 true t 9 an imp]fect mann] !y knew :i!r ,*ri/ w5t1 & ! way !reto 7v]se #d71 yet equally true t !y knew nei!r way nor t]m s cle>ly z !y might1 consid]+ t ,he _h n[ = m ?an ?ree ye>s be5 gradually reveal+ ,himself to !m4 #h4 ,dicit ei ,philippus3 ,dom9e1 #h4 ,philip sai? to him3 ,"l o/5de nobis ,patrem1 et %[ u ! ,fa!r1 & x is sufficit nobis4 en\gh = u4 #h4 ,?omas is sil5c$1 b ,philip n[ int]poses1 & fail+ to und]/& ,*ri/'s /atem5t t !y _h se5 ! ,fa!r1 asks ,him to %[ !m ! ,fa!r1 probably 9 "s visible =m1 & !n !y w ask no m4 #i4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,tanto #i4 ,jesus sai? to him34 ,s tempore vobiscum sum3 et non long a "t h ,i be5 ) cognovi/is me8 ,philippe1 qui y3 & h y n kn[n videt me1 videt et ,patrem4 me8 ,philip1 he t see? me ,quomodo tu dicis3 ,o/5de see? ! ,fa!r also4 ,h[ nobis ,patrem8 saye/ ?\1 %[ u ! ,fa!r4 #i4 ,*ri/ replies1 aga9 insi/+ on ,8 consub/antiality ) ! ,fa!r3 99,he t see? me1 see? ! ,fa!r also99 78also0 is probably n g5u9e47 ,^! words prove cle>ly1 aga9/ ! ,arians1 ,*ri/'s consub/antiality1 or unity ( nature1 ) ! ,fa!r2 o!rwise 9 see+ ,him !y c\ld n be said to see ! ,fa!r ev5 implicitly4 ,yet x is cle> aga9/ ! ,sabellians t ! ,fa!r & ! ,son are di/9ct ,p]sons1 = ,*ri/ pla9ly di/+ui%es ,himself f ! ,fa!r 9 v]se #f :]e ,he says 8,no man come? to ! ,fa!r b by me20 & aga9 9 v]se #ac1 :]e ,he says t ,he goes to ! ,fa!r4 ,!re is1 !n1 id5tity ( nature1 b di/9ction ( ,p]sons4 ,cognovi/is ( ! ,vulgate ought to be cognovi/i1 ,philip be+ address$4 #aj4 ,non cr$itis quia ego 9 #aj4 ,d y n believe t ,i ,patre1 et ,pat] 9 me e/8 am 9 ! ,fa!r1 & ! ,v]ba quae ego loquor vobis1 a ,fa!r 9 me8 ,! words t ,i meipso non loquor4 ,pat] autem speak to y1 ,i speak n ( 9 me man5s1 ipse facit myself4 ,b ! ,fa!r :o op]a4 abide? 9 me1 he do? ! works4 #aj4 99,d y n believe99 7cr$itis ought to be cr$is7 99t ,i am 9 ! ,fa!r & ! ,fa!r 9 me998 ,he :o saw ,*ri/ saw ! ,fa!r implicitly1 9 virtue ( ! unity ( nature4 ,! words1 & ! connection ) v]se #i1 %[ cle>ly t su* is ! id5tity ( nature 9 ! ,fa!r & ! ,son t ,he :o sees ! ,son1 !reby 9 "s s5se sees ! ,fa!r also4 8,hoc autem quod dicit10 says ,/4 ,?omas on ?is v]se1 8 #8,ego 9 ,patre et ,pat] 9 me e/1' dicitur propt] ess5tiae unitatem1 de qua dicitur supra x4 #cj4 #8,ego et ,pat] unum sumus4' ,sci5dum e/ enim1 quod ess5tia alit] se habet 9 div9is ad p]sonam1 et alit] 9 hom9ibus4 ,nam 9 hom9ibus ess5tia ,socratis non e/ ,socrates1 quia ,socrates e/ quid compositum1 s$ 9 div9is ess5tia e/ idem p]sonae secundum rem1 et sic ess5tia ,patris e/ ,pat]1 et ess5tia ,filii1 ,filius4 ,ubicumque ergo e/ ess5tia ,patris1 e/ ipse ,pat]1 et ubicumque e/ ess5tia ,filii1 e/ ipse ,filius4 ,ess5tia autem ,patris e/ 9 ,filio et ess5tia ,filii e/ 9 ,patre4 ,ergo ,filius e/ 9 ,patre1 et ,pat] 9 ,filio40 ,!n ,he goes on to prove t ! ,fa!r is 9 ,him1 & ,he 9 ! ,fa!r1 f ! fact t ,8 words & works are ! words & works ( ! ,fa!r4 ,in/ead ( 8! works0 _m au?orities read 8,8 works20 b ! s5se is ! same1 = ! works 7 bo? ,*ri/'s & ! ,fa!r's4 #aa4 ,non cr$itis quia ego 9 #aa4 ,believe y n t ,i am ,patre1 et ,pat] 9 me e/8 9 ! ,fa!r1 & ! ,fa!r 9 me4 #aa4 ,accord+ to ! ,vulgate read+1 ,*ri/1 = emphasis1 repeats ! "q ( v]se #aj4 ,9 ! orig9al !re is n a "q1 b simply an injunction address$ to all ! ,apo/les2 8,believe me t ,i am 9 ! ,fa!r1 & ! ,fa!r 9 me40 #ab4 ,alioqu9 propt] op]a #ab4 ,o!rwise believe = ! ipsa cr$ite4 ,am51 am5 dico v works' sake4 ,am51 am51 vobis1 qui cr$it 9 me1 op]a ,i say to y1 he t quae ego facio et ipse faciet1 believe? 9 me1 ! works et maiora horum faciet1 quia t ,i d1 he also %all d1 ego ad ,patrem vado4 & great] ?an ^! %all he d4 #ab4 ,! s5se is3 ,b if ,my te/imony does n suffice to satisfy y ( ,my ,div9ity1 at lea/ believe on acc\nt ( ,my miracles4 ,hav+ ?us repli$ to ! int]ruptions ( ,?omas & ,philip ,he n[ proce$s to put be=e ! ,apo/les o!r motives ( consolation4 ,! m5tion ( ! f\r? motive op5s ) ! solemn 8,am51 am520 & ! ,apo/les are told t :oev] believe? 9 ,him %all p]=m ev5 great] miracles ?an ,8 78majora horum0 is a ,graecism = 8majora 8071 ! reason be+ t 9 leav+ ,8 foll[]s ,he bequea?s to !m ,8 ?aumaturgic p[]1 & bequea?s x 9 great p]fection1 because ,he asc5ds to ! glory ( ! ,fa!r4 99,great] ?an ^!499 ,! miracles ( ,*ri/'s foll[]s 7 great] ?an ,8 9 _! visible effects4 8,evangelizantibus discipulis 444 g5tes etiam cr$id]unt2 haec sunt s9e dubitatione majora0 7,/4 ,aug4 ad loc474 ,we ?9k x v probable t ! *>ism ( miracles is "h promis$ n m]ely to ! ,apo/les1 b to ! ,*ur*1 9 :i* x /ill resides2 = x is promis$ to :oev] believe?4 ,( c\rse1 n e fai? is suffici5t t we may "w miracles2 a specially /rong1 unwav]+ fai? is necess>y4 ,see ,matt4 xxi4 #ba4 #ac4 ,et quodcumque peti]itis #ac4 ,because ,i g to ! ,patrem 9 nom9e meo1 hoc ,fa!r3 & :atsoev] y faciam3 ut glorificetur ,pat] %all ask ! ,fa!r 9 my 9 ,filio4 "n1 t w ,i d3 t ! ,fa!r may be glorifi$ 9 ! ,son4 #ac4 ,9 ! ,vulgate ! words3 8,because ,i g to ! ,fa!r10 are rightly connect$ ) ! prec$+1 & =m portion ( v]se #ab4 99,& :atsoev] y %all ask ! ,fa!r499 ,! words 8! ,fa!r0 are probably n g5u9e1 b !y indicate ! s5se4 ,= x is by ! ,son's do+ :at is ask$ ( ! ,fa!r t ! ,fa!r is glorifi$ 9 ! ,son4 99,9 my "n99 7 74 ,?is phrase occurs "h = ! fir/ "t 9 ?is ,gospel4 ,comp>e ! phrase 89 ! "n ( my ,fa!r10 v4 #dc2 x4 #be2 xvii4 #f2 #aa1 #ab1 #bf1 & ! words ( ! ,evangeli/ i4 #ab2 ii4 #bc2 iii1 #ah4 ,! phrase be=e u occurs aga9 9 xiv4 #bf2 xv4 #af2 xvi4 #bc2 xvi4 #bd2 & xvi4 #bf4 ,see also ,acts iii4 #f2 iv4 #aj1 #ab4 ,9 ! pres5t v]se1 & :]ev] !re is "q ( ask+1 x seems to mean3 :ile invok+ ) fai? ! "n ( ,*ri/4 #ad4 ,si quid peti]itis me 9 #ad4 ,if y %all ask me nom9e meo1 hoc faciam4 any?+ 9 my "n1 t ,i w d4 #ad4 ,moreov]1 :atsoev] miracle !y %all ask ( ,himself1 9 ,8 own "n 7&1 ( c\rse1 ) ! requisite fai?71 t ,he w p]=m4 ,we incl9e to ! view t 9 v]ses #ac & #ad !re is "q prim>ily ( miracles2 b ! expression 8si quid0 7 7 is s g5]al1 t we w\ld n limit ! promise1 b are incl9$ to believe t x proves ! efficacy ( all pray] ( supplication (f]$ ) ! prop] dispositions4 #ae4 ,si diligitis me1 m&ata #ae4 ,if y love me keep my mea s]vate4 comm&m5ts4 #ae4 ,n[ beg9s ! promise ( ! ,holy ,gho/--! fif? & greate/ motive ( consolation4 ,b fir/ 9 ?is v]se1 ,he requires z a condition t !y %\ld prove ! love !y prote/$ by keep+ ,8 comm&m5ts2 =1 z ,/4 ,gregory says1 8,love is prov$ by de$s40 #af4 ,et ego rogabo ,patrem1 et #af4 ,& ,i w ask ! ,fa!r1 alium ,p>aclitum dabit vobis1 & he %all give y ano!r ut maneat vobiscum 9 ,p>aclete1 t he may abide aet]num4 ) y = ev]4 #af4 8,p>aclitus07#if7 may mean com=t]1 advocate1 or help]4 ,be>+ 9 m9d ! tribulations 9 :i* ! ,apo/les 7 already1 & ! /ill great] ones t await$ !m1 we ?9k ! pr9cipal mean+ "h is t ( com=t]4 ,b ?is does n exclude ! o!r mean+s1 especially t ( help]1 :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ und\bt$ly 0 9 an em95t degree4 ,?is o!r ,com=t]1 :o is promis$ 9 ,*ri/'s /ead1 w n leave ! ,apo/les1 z ,*ri/ did1 b is to rema9 ) !m = ev]4 ,x is disput$ :e!r ! ,holy ,gho/ is "h promis$ only to ! ,apo/les1 or1 9 !m1 to ! :ole tea*+ ,*ur*4 ,9 ! fir/ case1 8= ev]10 w\ld mean dur+ _! lives2 9 ! second1 x w\ld mean till ! end ( ! _w1 z long z ! ,*ur* %all endure4 ,?is latt] s5se we pref]1 =--7#a7 ! words 8= ev]0 fav\r ?is view2 7#b7 ?\gh ! ,apo/les ne$$ a com=t]1 yet n !y only1 b _! successors q z mu*2 7#c7 ?is _s is promis$ to tea* !m all tru? 7,john xvi4 #ac72 :y1 except 9 ord] t !y ?r\gh !mselves & _! successors might tea* ! _w8 7#d7 we "k f ! ev5t t on ! day ( ,p5teco/ ! ,holy ,gho/ came n to ! ,apo/les alone 7,acts ii4 #d74 ,we hold !n t ! ,holy ,gho/ is "h promis$ to ! ,ecclesia doc5s1 repres5t$ by ! ,apo/les1 to abide ) h] = ev]4 ,9 ei!r int]pretation x _c be prov$ f ?is text t ! ,apo/les 7 to be confirm$ 9 grace aft] ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 = x is en\gh = ! fulfilm5t ( ! promise "h made t ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 to be1 z f> z 9 ,him lay1 an endur+ ,com=t]1 ?\gh ! ,apo/les1 on _! "p1 might expel & bani% ,him4 ,?is v]se proves ! p]sonality ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 = ,he is s5t 9 ! place ( ,*ri/ 7see also v]se #bf74 ,x proves also ,8 ,div9ity1 = only a ,div9e ,p]son w\ld be ?us comp>$ to ,*ri/1 & spok5 ( z ano!r ,com=t]4 ,moreov] ! procession ( ! ,holy ,gho/ f ! ,fa!r is "h impli$ 9 ! fact t ! ,fa!r is said to s5d ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,= ! s5d+ ( "o ,div9e ,p]son by ano!r1 implies ! ,et]nal ,procession ( "o f ! o!r ) a relation to "s t]m 9 "t47#ig7 ,f9ally1 ! ?ree ,p]sons ( ! ,tr9ity are %[n to be di/9ct1 = ! ,fa!r w s5d ! ,holy ,gho/ at ! reque/ ( ! ,son4 #ag4 ,spiritum v]itatis1 quem #ag4 ,! ,_s ( tru?1 :om mundus non pote/ accip]e1 ! _w _c receive1 quia non videt eum1 nec scit because x see? him n1 nor eum3 vos autem cognoscetis kn[e? him3 b y %all eum1 quia apud vos manebit1 et "k him2 because he %all 9 vobis erit4 abide ) y1 & %all be 9 y4 #ag4 99,! ,_s ( tru?499 ,! ,holy ,gho/ is s call$ n only because ,he is ess5tial ,tru?1 b also because ,he 0 to come to ! ,apo/les z a tea*] ( tru? 7v]se #bf74 ,9 ! foll[+ words ! ,apo/les are told t ! wick$ _w 7i4 #aj2 xiv4 #cj2 xvii4 #i1 #af7 _c receive ! ,holy ,gho/1 = z ,/4 ,paul says3 8! s5sual man p]ceive? n ^! ?+s t are ( ! ,_s ( ,god2 = x is fooli%ness to him1 & he _c und]/&3 because x is spiritually exam9$0 7#a ,cor4 ii4 #ad74 99,x see? him n1 nor kn[e? him499 ,"s take ! mean+ to be3 see? ,him n ) ! eyes ( ! body1 nor disc]ne? ,him by spiritual vision2 o!rs1 & ) m probability1 take bo? clauses z synonym\s & 9 ref]5ce to spiritual vision4 ,! s5se is t because ! wick$ _w w refuse to recognise ! ,holy ,gho/1 x w be incapable ( receiv+ ,him at ,8 com+4 ,want ( vision %all be a h9drance to possession4 99,b y %all "k him2 because he %all abide ) y1 & %all be 9 y499 ,rev]s+ ! ord] ( ?\ght1 ,he n[ says t ! pres5ce ( ! ,holy ,gho/ abid+ 9 ! ,apo/les %all br+ !m /ill full] k4 ,su* seems to be ! s5se ( ! v]se accord+ to ! ,vulgate read+4 ,b 9 ! latt] "p ( ! v]se1 in/ead ( 8%all "k0 & 8%all abide10 we h 9 bo? in/ances ! pres5t t5se 9 ! ,greek1 & _m au?orities also read ! pres5t in/ead ( 8%all be40 ,! clause w\ld !n run3 8b y "k him because he abides ) y & is 9 y40 ,b ev5 9 ?is read+ ! pres5t may /& = ! future1 & ! mean+ w be ! same z 9 ! ,vulgate4 #ah4 ,non rel9quam vos #ah4 ,i w n leave y orphanos3 v5iam ad vos4 orphans1 ,i w come to y4 #ah4 ,z a six? motive ( consolation1 ,he tells !m t ,he w come aga9 to !m ,himself4 ,already inde$ he _h spok5 ( ,8 com+ to !m1 & _h put x =w>d z a motive ( consolation 7v]se #c71 b ! com+ !re meant we take to be diff]5t f t n[ ref]r$ to1 & h5ce a new motive ( consolation is n[ put =w>d 9 ! com+ promis$ "h4 99,i w come99 77 99to y994 ,!re are v>i\s views z to :at com+ ( ,*ri/ is "h promis$4 7#a7 ,"s hold t ! ref]5ce is to ! com+ aft] ,8 resurrection :5 we "k ,he appe>$ to ! ,apo/les b 0 unse5 by ! _w4 ,s ,/4 ,*rys41 ,/4 ,?om41 ,patriz41 c4 7#b7 ,o!rs hold t !re is "q ( ! com+ at ! ,day ( ,judgm5t4 ,z ! ye>s are measur$ be=e ,god1 only 8a little :ile0 %all elapse till !n1 & x is only aft] ! ,day ( ,judgm5t t ! promise ( v]se #bj3 8,9 t day y %all "k t ,i am 9 my ,fa!r1 & y 9 me1 & ,i 9 y0 %all be fully realiz$4 ,s ,/4 ,aug41 ,mald41 c4 7#c7 ,o!rs und]/& ( ! com+ ( ,*ri/ 9 & ) ! ,holy ,gho/ on ! day ( ,p5teco/4 ,if ! consub/antiality & circum9cession ( ! ?ree ,div9e ,p]sons be borne 9 m9d1 ! :ole passage t foll[s z f> z v]se #bd1 w !n be naturally expla9$4 ,s ,/4 ,cyril1 ,beel41 ,bisp41 c4 ,we pref] ! la/ view1 & hold t f #aebd1 !re is "q ( ! com+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 fir/ 9 ref]5ce to ! ,apo/les 7#aebj71 & !n 9 ref]5ce to ! fai?ful g5]ally 7#babd74 ,9 ref]5ce to ! ,apo/les1 ! com+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/ is fir/ consid]$ 9 itself 7#aeag71 & next1 = _! consolation1 z imply+ & includ+ ! com+ ( ,*ri/ ,himself 7#ahbj74 ,?\gh ?is view may at fir/ sight seem =c$1 we believe t if ! connection 9 ! passage be foll[$ closely1 x mu/ appe> ! mo/ probable4 ,= :5 ,/4 ,jude1 allud+ to ! words ( v]se #ai1 asks1 9 v]se #bb1 h[ ,*ri/ %all be se5 by ! ,apo/les1 yet unse5 by ! _w1 ,*ri/'s reply1 9 v]se #bc1 goes to %[ t ! vision is spiritual1 & su* z is expla9$ by ! fact1 t ,he & ,8 ,fa!r w come & make _! abode 9 ^? t love ,him4 #ai4 ,adhuc modicum1 et mundus #ai4 ,yet a little :ile3 & me iam non videt4 ,vos autem ! _w see? me no m4 videtis me1 quia ego vivo1 et ,b y see me3 because ,i vos vivetis4 live1 & y %all live4 #ai4 99,yet a little :ile499 ,?is we und]/& ( ! few h\rs t rema9$ till ,8 dea?4 ,aft] t1 ! _w %\ld see ,him no long]4 ,b1 ,he adds1 y %all see ,me 7pres5t = future72 n1 inde$1 ) ! eyes ( ! body1 b ) ^? ( ! s\l2 because ,i live 7! pres5t be+ us$1 p]haps1 ( ,8 ,div9e life1 9 virtue ( :i* ,he 0 to resume ! life ( ! body71 & y %all live ! life ( grace1 :i* w be rew>d$ by ! vision ( ,me4 ,?us he tells !m t !y %all live a spiritual life1 a k9d ( p>ticipation 9 ,8 own glori\s life 7vi4 #eg71 & t = ?is reason !y %all be privileg$ to see ,him spiritually4 ,t !re is "q ( spiritual vision1 is prov$1 we believe1 f :at foll[s2 = !y %all see accord+ z ,he %all manife/ ,himself 7v]se #ba72 & ?is manife/ation ( ,himself ,he expla9s 9 v]se #bc ( ,8 abid+ 9 !m4 #bj4 ,9 illo die vos #bj4 ,9 t day y %all "k cognoscetis quia ego sum 9 t ,i am 9 my ,fa!r1 & ,patre meo1 et vos 9 me1 et y 9 me1 & ,i 9 y4 ego 9 vobis4 #bj4 ,9 t "t1 aft] ,i h come to y at ,p5teco/ 7toge!r ) ! ,holy ,gho/71 y %all "k cle>ly t ,i am 9 ,my ,fa!r1 t ,i am ,god1 & t y are 9 ,me z its bran*es 9 ! v9e 7see bel[1 xv4 #b71 d]iv+ all y\r spiritual life f ,me1 & ,i 9 y by a special indwell+ enjoy$ only by ! j4 ,see above on vii4 #ci4 ,if !re be a comp>ison "h betwe5 ! mutual indwell+ ( ! ,fa!r & ,son on ! "o h&1 & t ( ,*ri/ & ! j on ! o!r1 x is pla9 t ! lik5ess is only imp]fect & analogical4 ,yet su* texts z ?is 7see also vi4 #eh2 xvii4 #ba1 #bc71 ev5 :5 we make all necess>y all[ance = ! imp]fection ( ! lik5ess1 prove cle>ly h[ m>vell\sly intimate & sacr$ is ! union t exi/s betwe5 ,*ri/ & ! s\ls ( ! j4 #ba4 ,qui habet m&ata mea1 et #ba4 ,he t ha? my s]vat ea1 ille e/1 qui comm&m5ts1 & keepe? diligit me4 ,qui autem diligit !m3 he x is t love? me4 me1 diligetur a ,patre meo3 et ,& he t love? me1 %all ego diligam eum1 et manife/ab be lov$ ( my ,fa!r3 & ,i o ei meipsum4 w love him1 & w manife/ myself to him4 #ba4 99,he t ha?99 7 7 99my comm&m5ts1 & keepe? !m991 c4 ,n only to ! ,apo/les1 b to all t love ,him1 ,*ri/ w manife/ ,himself1 = 9 & ) ! ,holy ,gho/ ,he & ,8 ,fa!r w come & abide 9 !m4 #bb4 ,dicit ei ,iudas1 non ille #bb4 ,judas sai? to him1 n ,isc>iotes3 ,dom9e1 quid ! ,isc>iot3 ,"l1 h[ is x1 factum e/ quia manife/aturus t ?\ wilt manife/ es nobis teipsum1 et non ?yself to u1 & n to ! mundo8 _w8 #bc4 ,respondit ,iesus1 et dixit #bc4 ,jesus answ]$1 & said ei3 ,si quis diligit me1 to him3 ,if any "o love me1 he s]monem meum s]vabit1 et w keep my ^w1 & my ,pat] meus diliget eum1 et ad ,fa!r w love him1 & we eum v5iemus1 et mansionem w come to him1 & w apud eum faciemus3 make our abode ) him4 #bbbc4 ,ask$ by ! ,apo/le ,jude1 bro!r to ,james ! ,less1 :o 0 also call$ ,?addeus1 h[ ,he w\ld manife/ ,himself to ! ,apo/les1 yet be unse5 by ! _w1 ,*ri/ replies t ,he w come & dwell 9 all t love ,him1 & ?us manife/ ,himself1 & be se5 by !m 9 a spiritual mann]4 #bd4 ,qui non diligit me1 #bd4 ,he t love? me n1 s]mones meos non s]vat4 ,et keepe? n my words4 ,& ! s]monem quem audi/is1 non ^w :i* y h he>d is e/ meus3 s$ ejus qui misit n m9e2 b ! ,fa!r's :o me1 ,patris4 s5t me4 #bd4 ,he _h j said t ^? :o love ,him w keep ,8 words & obey !m1 & n[ ,he adds t ^? :o d n love ,him w n keep ,8 words4 ,! reason :y ,he "h insi/s ^u ?is obs]vance ( ,8 words is1 t su* obs]vance is necess>y1 be=e ,he w manife/ ,himself & make ,8 abode 9 any he>t4 ,=1 z is cle> f v]se #ba1 ,*ri/ w manife/ ,himself only to ^? :o are lov$ by ! ,fa!r2 b !y alone are lov$ by ! ,fa!r :o love ,*ri/1 & !y alone love ,*ri/ :o keep ,8 comm&m5ts 7v]se #bc74 99,& ! ^w :i* y h he>d991 c4 8,s]monem0 7,vulg47 ought to be 8s]mo10 & ! v]b 9 ! orig9al is 9 ! pres5t 774 ,! s5se1 !re=e1 is3 ! words :i* y are wont to he> f ,me are n ,m9e alone1 b ! ,fa!r's also :o s5t ,me4 99,is n m9e1 b ! ,fa!r's :o s5t me499 ,?is =m ( expression1 :i* seems to decl>e t ! words are 9 no way ,*ri/'s1 is a ,hebraism1 & means t !y are n ,8 alone4 ,see above on vii4 #af4 ,( c\rse ! au?ority ( ,*ri/'s words 0 equal 9 e way to t ( ! ,fa!r's1 b s9ce ! ,apo/les did n yet fully realize ,8 ,div9ity ) all t x impli$1 ,he invokes ! ,fa!r's au?ority z hav+ m weight ) !m4 #be4 ,haec locutus sum vobis1 #be4 ,^! ?+s h ,i spok5 apud vos man5s4 to y1 abid+ ) y4 #bf4 ,p>aclitus autem ,spiritus #bf4 ,b ! ,p>aclete1 ! sanctus1 quem mittet ,pat] 9 ,holy ,gho/1 :om ! ,fa!r nom9e meo1 ille vos docebit w s5d 9 my "n1 he w omnia1 et sugg]et vobis vobis tea* y all ?+s1 & omnia1 quaecumque dix]o br+ all ?+s to y\r m9d1 vobis4 :atsoev] ,i %all h said to y4 #be1 #bf4 ,^! ?+s ,i h spok5 to y :ile rema9+ ) y2 & if y fail to fully und]/& !m1 yet be consol$ ) ,my assurance t ! ,com=t]1 ! ,holy ,gho/1 :om ! ,fa!r w s5d 9 ,my "n1 ,he w tea* y all t y ne$ "k1 & recall to y\r m9ds 77 all t ,i said 77 to y4 ,?is may be reg>d$ z ! sev5? motive ( consolation4 ,"h aga91 z 9 v]se #af1 we h m5tion ( ?ree di/9ct ,p]sons3 ! ,holy ,gho/ is to be s5t by ! ,fa!r 9 ! "n ( ! ,son4 ,&1 z we rem>k$ on v]se #af1 ! fact t ! ,holy ,gho/ is to be s5t by ! ,fa!r1 proves ,8 procession f ! ,fa!r4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ is said to be s5t 9 ,*ri/'s "n1 mo/ probably because ,he 0 s5t 9 ! place ( ,*ri/1 ano!r ,com=t] & ,help]1 to console ! ,apo/les & c>ry on ! "w begun by ,*ri/4 ,! infallible tea*+ au?ority ( ! ,apo/les foll[s f ! fact t !y 7 to be taught by ! ,holy ,gho/1 ! _s ( tru? 7v]se #ag74 ,& s9ce !y 7 end[$ ) ?is infallible tea*+ au?ority 9 ord] t !y might tea* ! flock ( ,*ri/ 7xv4 #af72 s9ce1 moreov]1 !re is /ill ! same ne$ = an infallible tea*+ au?ority 9 ! ,*ur*1 if ! "w ( ,*ri/ & ,8 ,apo/les is to be cont9u$ )\t dang] ( failure1 we are w>rant$ 9 conclud+ t an infallible tea*+ au?ority /ill resides 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,h5ce1 to use ,*ri/'s own words3 8,! gates ( hell %all n prevail aga9/ h]0 7,matt4 xvi4 #ah71 because 9 h] (fice ( tea*] %e has ,*ri/ ) h]1 all days1 ev51 to ! consummation ( ! _w4 8,euntes 444 docete 444 et ecce ego vobiscum sum omnibus diebus usque ad consummationem saeculi0 7,matt4 xxviii4 #ai1 #bj74 #bg4 ,pacem rel9quo vobis1 #bg4 ,peace ,i leave ) y1 my pacem meam d vobis3 non peace ,i give unto y3 n z quomodo mundus dat1 ego d ! _w give?1 d ,i give vobis4 ,non turbetur cor unto y4 ,let n y\r he>t ve/rum1 neque =midet4 be tr\bl$1 nor let x be afraid4 #bg4 ,z ! eigh? motive ( consolation1 ,*ri/ gives ! ,apo/les ,8 peace4 ,among ! ,jews x 0 cu/om>y = ! p to salute & take leave ( "o ano!r by wi%+ "o ano!r peace4 ,*ri/ "h says t ,8 words are n a m]e wi% or empty =mula2 ) ,him to wi% peace 0 to conf] x1 & t 9 a true & la/+ mann]4 #bh4 ,audi/is quia ego dixi #bh4 ,y h he>d t ,i said vobis3 ,vado et v5io ad vos4 to y3 ,i g away & ,i come ,si dilig]etis me1 gaud]etis unto y4 ,if y lov$ me1 y utique1 quia vado ad ,patrem3 w\ld inde$ be glad1 because quia ,pat] maior me e/4 ,i g to ! ,fa!r3 = ! ,fa!r is great] ?an ,i4 #bh4 99,y w\ld inde$ be glad1 because ,i g to ! ,fa!r499 8,naturae humanae gratul&um e/1 eo quod sic assumpta e/ a ,v]bo unig5ito1 ut immortalis con/itu]etur 9 coelo1 atque ita fi]et t]ra sublimis1 ut incorruptibilis pulvis s$]et ad dext]am ,patris40 7,/4 ,aug4 9 loc474 99,= ! ,fa!r is great] ?an ,i499 ,^! words h be5 v>i\sly expla9$4 ,we w\ld int]pret ei!r ) ,/4 ,*rys43 ,= ! ,fa!r is great] ?an ,i1 9 y\r e/imation2 or bett] /ill3 ,= ! ,fa!r is great] ?an ,i z man4 ,h5ce1 s9ce by ,8 go+ to ! ,fa!r1 ,*ri/'s humanity 0 to %>e 9 ! glory ( ! ,fa!r1 & ?us be exalt$1 !y %\ld rejoice at ,8 go+1 if !y really lov$ ,him4 ,?is is ! n9? motive propos$ = _! consolation4 ,! ,arians triumphantly po9t$ to ! words3 8,! ,fa!r is great] ?an ,i10 z a pro( ( ! inf]iority ( ! ,son to ! ,fa!r4 ,b 9 nei!r ( ! int]pretations :i* we h giv5 ( ! words1 does ! ,arian h]esy f9d any support4 ,& c]ta9ly :atev] be ! correct int]pretation1 ,*ri/ _c1 )\t contradict+ ,himself1 mean t z ,god ,he is inf]ior to ! ,fa!r4 ,= ,he _h already told !m t ,he is 9 ! ,fa!r1 & ! ,fa!r 9 ,him 7v]se #aj71 & 9 ! face ( ,8 enemies ,he _h proclaim$ t ,he & ! ,fa!r are "o 7,john x4 #cj74 #bi4 ,et nunc dixi vobis #bi4 ,& n[ ,i h told y priusquam fiat3 ut cum factum be=e x come to pass3 t fu]it1 cr$atis4 :5 x %all come to pass y may believe4 #bi4 ,n t !y did n believe ,8 words be=eh&3 b !y w\ld be /r5g!n$ 9 _! belief ( all ,he _h told !m1 :5 !y %\ld see fulfill$ ?is special pr$iction ( ,8 go+ away & return+ 7v]se #bh74 #cj4 ,iam non multa loqu> #cj4 ,i w n n[ speak _m vobiscum3 v5it enim pr9ceps ?+s ) y4 ,= ! mundi huius1 et 9 me non pr9ce ( ?is _w come?1 habet quidquam4 & 9 me he ha? n any?+4 #cj4 ,satan :o is "h call$ 99! pr9ce ( ?is99 7r !7 99_w99 7see also xii4 #ca1 xvi4 #aa2 #b ,cor4 iv4 #d2 ,eph4 ii4 #b1 vi4 #ab71 & :o 0 n[ urg+ on ,judas & ! ,jews to lay h&s on ,*ri/1 f\nd no?+ 9 ,*ri/ 9 virtue ( :i* ,*ri/ c\ld be 9 any way subject$ to him4 99,9 me he ha? n any?+499 ,f :at we h j said x w be se5 t ! mean+ is3 he has no au?ority ov] ,me1 no claim ^u ,me1 inasmu* z s9 has nev] _h any %>e 9 ,me4 #ca4 ,s$ ut cognoscat mundus #ca4 ,b t ! _w may quia diligo ,patrem et sicut "k t ,i love ! ,fa!r3 m&atum d$it mihi ,pat]1 sic & z ! ,fa!r ha? giv5 facio4 ,surgite1 eamus h9c4 me comm&m5t1 s d ,i3 ,arise1 let u g h5ce4 #ca4 ,yet1 to prove ,8 love =1 & ,8 ob$i5ce to1 ! ,fa!r1 ,he w submit to be =?) seiz$ by ! m9ions ( ,satan4 ,! con/ruction ( ?is v]se is n cle>4 ,! fir/ "p may dep5d on ! la/ clause3 arise1 let u g h5ce1 t ! _w1 c41 or !re may be ellipsis 9 ! op5+ words 7comp4 ix4 #c2 xiii4 #ah71 ! s5se be+3 b ,i deliv] ,myself to dea? t ! _w1 c4 ,= explanation ( ! words1 8,z ! ,fa!r ha? giv5 me comm&m5t10 see above on x4 #ah4 99,arise1 let u g h5ce499 ,we may reasonably conclude t ,jesus1 accompani$ by ! ,apo/les1 n[ left ! supp]room4 ,_h !y n done s1 ,/4 ,john w\ld probably h ref]r$ to ! delay4 ,:e!r !y paus$ 9 a por* or c\rt ( ! h\se1 or at "s quiet spot on ! way1 till ! disc\rse & pray] to ! ,fa!r 7xv4xvii47 7 spok51 or proce$$ imm$iately ?r\gh ! city t[>ds ! ,g>d5 ( ,olives1 & _h arriv$ at ! brook ( ,c$ron 7,john xviii4 #a71 :5 ,*ri/ conclud$1 is disput$4 ,be>+ 9 m9d ! cr[d$ condition ( ,j]usalem dur+ ! ,pas*al week1 & t probably x 0 h>dly yet #aj p4m41 :5 ! /reets w\ld be /ill ?rong$ ) p1 we ?9k x extremely unlikely t su* a disc\rse & pray]1 z are conta9$ 9 ,john xv4xvii4 #bf1 7 spok5 :ile ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les pass$ ?r\gh ! /reets ( ! city4 ,we ?9k x mo/ probable1 !n1 t !y paus$ at "s quiet spot on ! outskirts ( ! city1 or 9 a por* or c\rt ( ! h\se :]e !y _h supp$4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 #aaa4 99,9 a beautiful allegory1 ,*ri/ decl>es ! necessity ( union ) ,himself 9 ord] to a sup]natural life499 #abag4 99,he inculcates mutual love1 propos+ z a model ,8 own love = ! ,apo/les--a love :i* made him ready to lay d[n ,8 life = !m 7#ac71 & :i* 0 spontane\s 7#af7499 #ahbe4 99,he =tifies !m aga9/ ! _w's hatr$ by rem9d+ !m t x hat$ ,himself1 & s !y %all only be tread+ 9 ,8 foot/eps4 ,he po9ts out too h[ inexcusable is ?is attitude ( ! _w t[>ds ,himself & ,8 foll[]s499 #bfbg4 99,he aga9 promises ! ,holy ,gho/1 :o toge!r ) ! ,apo/les1 w be> te/imony ( ,him499 #a4 ,ego sum vitis v]a3 et #a4 ,i am ! true v9e2 & my ,pat] meus agricola e/4 ,fa!r is ! husb&man4 #a4 ,aft] !y _h left ! supp]room ,*ri/ aga9 addresses ! ,apo/les4 ,! fact t ! ,evangeli/ gives ! disc\rse t foll[s )\t any introductory rem>k1 su* z3 ,& ,*ri/ said1 or3 ,& :ile !y w5t ,*ri/ said--fav\rs ! view t only a slight break sep>at$ ?is disc\rse f t record$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,?is w\ld1 !re=e1 r5d] x v probable t :at foll[s 0 spok5 9 ! vic9ity ( ! h\se 9 :i* !y _h supp$ r ?an on ! outskirts ( ! city4 ,z ,*ri/ 0 ab\t to leave ,8 ,apo/les1 ,he n[ impresses ^u !m ! necessity ( abid+ 9 ,him by fai? & love4 ,= ?is purpose ,he comp>es ,himself to ! /em ( ! v9e1 & ! ,apo/les to its bran*es4 ,z ! bran*es draw all _! life & n\ri%m5t f ! /em1 s mu/ ! ,apo/les draw all _! spiritual life f ,him4 ,?is idea w\ld be illu/rat$ by ! relation betwe5 ! trunk ( any tree & its bran*es4 ,! *ief reason1 !n1 :y ,he comp>es ,himself to ! v9e is because x 0 cu/om>y to prune its bran*es1 & ,he 0 ab\t to speak ( ! prun+ ( ,8 my/ical bran*es by ! ,fa!r47#ih7 ,he is ! true1 t is ! p]fect v9e1 because ,he n\ri%es ,8 memb]s m p]fectly ?an does any v9e tree its bran*es4 ,9 a simil> s5se ,he is ! true light 7,john i4 #i71 & ! true bread 7,john vi4 #cb74 8,he is ! #8v9e' 9 ,8 humanity1 9 :i* ! bran*es ( ! same nature are unit$ ) ,him4 ,b x is f ,8 ,div9ity ! bran*es d]ive ! spiritual & lifegiv+ influ5ce t leads to et]nal happ9ess0 7,mac,ev47 ,x is ne$less to say1 t 9 call+ ,himself ! true v9e1 ,*ri/ does n mean to signify t ,he is really a v9e4 ,! language is pla9ly metaphorical1 & is s expla9$ by our ,"l ,himself 9 v]ses #d & #e4 ,h5ce x be>s no comp>ison ) ! words us$ by ,*ri/ 9 in/itut+ ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 ,9 ! latt] case ,he decl>$ t :at ,he held 9 ,8 h&s 0 ,8 body1 & !re 0 no?+ 9 ,8 words1 or 9 ! circum/ances 9 :i* !y 7 utt]$ to po9t to a figurative s5se4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,8 disc\rse deliv]$ twelve mon?s be=eh& 9 ! ,synagogue ( ,caph>naum1 & record$ 9 ! six? *apt] ( our ,gospel1 prep>$ ! ,apo/les to receive ,8 words1 my/]i\s ?\gh !y mu/ h seem$1 9 ! lit]al s5se4 99,& my ,fa!r is ! husb&man499 ,! ,fa!r att5ds to & purifies ,*ri/'s foll[]s 9 a mann] simil> to t employ$ by ! v9e dress]1 t s !y may produce m abundant fruit4 ,! ,arians appeal$ to ?is text to %[ t ,*ri/ 0 inf]ior to ,god4 ,= z ! v9e & ! husb&man are n ( ! same nature1 s nei!r1 !y said1 are ,*ri/ & ! ,fa!r ( ! same nature4 ,we answ] t 9 metaphorical language ! comp>ison is n to be press$ too f>1 only inde$ 9 t p>ticul>1 or 9 reg>d to t po9t1 = ! illu/ration ( :i* ! metaphor is employ$4 ,see above on x4 #c4 ,n[ 9 ! pres5t in/ance ,*ri/ po9ts out 79 v]se #d7 t ,8 metaphorical language is design$ to %[ ! necessity = ! ,apo/les ( union ) ,himself4 ,no?+ !re=e c be inf]r$ 9 reg>d to ,8 nature & ! ,fa!r's4 ,9 reality1 ,*ri/1 z ,god1 0 husb&man1 z well z ! ,fa!r2 b z x w\ld n suit ! comp>ison to call ,himself bo? v9e & husb&man1 ,he attributes ! (fice ( husb&man to ! ,fa!r4 8,numquid unum sunt agricola et vitis8 ,secundum hoc ergo vitis ,*ri/us1 secundum quod ait3 ,pat] major me e/4 ,secundum autem id quod ait3 ,ego et ,pat] unum sumus1 et ipse agricola e/40 7,/4 ,aug477#ii7 #b4 ,omnem palmitem 9 me non #b4 ,e bran* 9 me1 t f]5tem fructum1 tollet eum3 be>e? n fruit1 he w et omnem qui f]t fructum1 take away3 & e "o t purgabit eum1 ut fructum plus be>e? fruit he w purge aff]at4 x1 t x may br+ =? m fruit4 #b4 99,e bran* 9 me1 t be>e? n fruit499 ,f ?is x foll[s t bran*es may be unfruitful & yet really rema9 bran*es1 & memb]s ( ,*ri/'s ,*ur*4 ,! s5se ( ,*ri/'s words is3 ,e ,*ri/ian t be>e? n ! fruit ( good works1 ! ,fa!r takes away 7,gr4 pres5t71 ei!r 9 ?is life1 by p]mitt+ !m to fall into h]esy1 or at dea? :5 !y %all no long] rema9 memb]s ( ! ,*ur*4 ,!y are !re=e lopp$ (f l useless bran*es4 ,! good1 too1 are purifi$ by ! ,fa!r1 :o prunes _! he>ts1 remov+ !refrom all imp$im5ts to p]fection1 tak+ away ev]y?+ t w\ld h9d] or imp$e ! vital p[] 9 ! production ( spiritual fruit4 ,z ev5 ! be/ bran*es are improv$ by judici\s prun+1 s ! j are r5d]$ m p]fect by ! purify+ action ( ! ,div9e ,husb&man4 9 bo? cases is r$undant4 #c4 ,iam vos mundi e/is propt] #c4 ,n[ y are clean by reason s]monem1 quem locutus sum ( ! ^w :i* ,i h vobis4 spok5 to y4 #c4 99,n[99 7already7 99y are clean994 ,! mean+ is t ! ,apo/les 7 already prun$1 t ! ob/acles to _! spiritual gr[? _h be5 tak5 away by ,8 words address$ to !m t night4 ,x is possible t1 z "s ?9k1 !re is ref]5ce to all ,*ri/'s tea*+2 b we believe !re is at lea/ special ref]5ce to ! disc\rse ( t la/ night4 ,= ,he _h t night p]fect$ _! k 7xiv4 #faa72 gu>d$ !m aga9/ an unavail+ sorr[ 7xiv4 #ab1 c472 *eck$ ! presumption ( "s 7xiii4 #ch71 & suppli$ motives to confirm ! fai? ( all 7xiv4 #bi74 #d4 ,manete 9 me3 et ego 9 #d4 ,abide 9 me3 & ,i 9 y4 vobis4 ,sicut palmes non pote/ ,z ! bran* _c be> f]re fructum a semetipso1 fruit ( itself1 unless x nisi mans]it 9 vite3 sic nec abide 9 ! v9e1 s nei!r vos1 nisi 9 me mans]itis4 c y1 unless y abide 9 me4 #d4 99,abide 9 me1 & ,i 9 y499 ,! mean+ is3 take c>e t ye abide 9 ,me by fai? & love1 & ,i w abide 9 y by love & grace47#ajj7 ,or x may be t ! la/ clause too is imp]ative 9 conception3 p]mit me to abide 9 y4 ,s9ce !y are exhort$ to abide1 x foll[s t !y 7 free n to abide2 & h5ce x is possible1 z ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t def9$ 7,sess4 vi41 ,c4 #bc7 to fall away f fai? & grace4 99,( itself99--t is1 z ! s\rce ( its vital en]gy4 #e4 ,ego sum vitis1 vos #e4 ,i am ! v9e2 y ! palmites3 qui manet 9 me et bran*es3 he t abide? 9 ego 9 eo1 hic f]t fructum me1 & ,i 9 him1 ! same multum3 quia s9e me nihil be>e? mu* fruit3 = pote/is fac]e4 )\t me y c d no?+4 #e4 ,! !me 7v]se #a7 is aga9 repeat$1 & n[ !re is add$ ! clause3 99,ye are ! bran*es991 :i* def9itely sums up :at 0 already impli$ 9 ! prec$+ v]ses4 99,= )\t me y c d no?+499 ,^! words %[ t1 ?\gh z we h se5 9 ! prec$+ v]se ! ,apo/les 7 free n to abide 9 ,him1 !y 7 n able ( !mselves to abide 9 ,him or to be> any sup]natural fruit except ?r\gh ,8 grace4 ,! words refute ! ,pelagian & ,semipelagian h]esies1 = !y %[ t )\t ! aid ( ,*ri/'s grace we are capable ( no sup]natural good "w4 8,sive ergo p>um1 sive multum1 s9e illo fi]i non pote/1 s9e quo nihil fi]i pote/0 7,/4 ,aug4 9 loc474 ,x w\ld be difficult1 we ?9k1 to prove f ?is text by itself t ev5 :]e habitual grace is pres5t1 actual grace is also necess>y 9 ord] to a salut>y "w2 b ! traditional int]pretation giv5 to ?is text by ! fa!rs =bids u to d\bt t ! necessity ( actual grace also is "h reveal$4 ,!re is no "q 9 ?is text ( ! necessity ( ,god's concurr5ce 9 our natural acts2 ! "q is ( ,*ri/'s influx z my/ic v9e ^u ! fai?ful :o rema9 unit$ to ,him z bran*es4 #f4 ,si quis 9 me non mans]it1 #f4 ,if any "o abide n 9 me3 mittetur =as sicut palmes3 he %all be ca/ =? z a et arescet et collig5t eum1 bran*1 & %all )]1 & et 9 ignem mitt5t1 et ardet4 !y %all ga!r him up1 & ca/ him into ! fire1 & he burne?4 #f4 ,obs]ve ! v>iety ( t5se 9 ! v]bs ( ?is v]se 9 ! ,greek text4 8,s5sus e/3 ,si quis 9 me non mans]it1 jam eo ipso ejectus e/ =as sicut palmes et ex>uit0 7,beel41 ,gr4 ,gram41 #da1 #e1 b74 ,! ca/+ =? & )]+ happ5 simultane\sly ) ! sep>ation f ,*ri/4 ,! words ( ! v]se indicate ! puni%m5t :i* is 9 /ore = ^? :o die sep>at$ f ,*ri/4 ,9 ! ,greek we h 7ea7 in/ead ( 8eum0 ( ! ,vulgate2 & ! s5se1 is t z m5 usually ga!r up ! )]$ bran*es 771 & fl+ !m into ! fire1 :]e !y burn1 s %all ! angels ( ,god d to ! s9n]4 ,see ,matt4 xiii4 #da4 #g4 ,si mans]itis 9 me1 et #g4 ,if y abide 9 me1 & my v]ba mea 9 vobis mans]9t3 words abide 9 y1 y %all quodcumque volu]itis petetis1 ask :atev] y w1 & x et fiet vobis4 %all be done unto y4 #g4 ,9 contra/ ) ! unhappy condition ( ^? sep>at$ f ,*ri/1 !y :o rema9 9 ,him by fai?1 & keep ,8 words ?r\gh *>ity work+ by fai?1 %all obta9 f ,god ?r\gh pray] :atev] !y ask1 provid$ x be necess>y or useful to _! spiritual life4 8,:atsoev] we %all ask accord+ to ,8 w ,he he>e? u0 7#a ,john v4 #ad74 #h4 ,9 hoc cl>ificatus e/ #h4 ,9 ?is is my ,fa!r ,pat] meus1 ut fructum glorifi$2 t y br+ plurimum aff]atis1 et =? v mu* fruit1 & efficiam9i mei discipuli4 become my disciples4 #h4 ,x is cle> f ^! words t ! good works ( ! j give glory to ,god4 ,in/ead ( 8efficiam9i10 ! m probable ,greek read+ is 7efficiem9i71 & ! mean+ is2 ,& s y %all become m & m ,my disciples4 #i4 ,sicut dilexit me ,pat]1 et #i4 ,z ! ,fa!r ha? lov$ ego dilexi vos4 ,manete 9 me1 ,i also h lov$ y4 dilectione mea4 ,abide 9 my love4 #i4 ,z 77 expresses n equality1 b resemblance4 ,! resemblance consi/s 9 ?is1 t z ! ,fa!r lov$ ,*ri/'s humanity gratuit\sly1 )\t any previ\s m]it on its "p1 & unit$ x ) ! ,p]son ( ! ,^w1 s ,*ri/ lov$ ! disciples gratuit\sly1 & unit$ !m ) ,himself4 ,s ,toletus1 foll[+ ,/4 ,aug4 ,!n ,*ri/ adds z a practical conclusion3 ,take c>e to rema9 9 ! enjoym5t ( t love ( m9e = y4 ,or ! mean+ ( ! :ole v]se accord+ to ! ,greek text may be3 z ! ,fa!r ha? lov$ ,me1 & z ,i h lov$ y1 s abide ye 9 ! enjoym5t ( t love ( ,m9e = y4 #aj4 ,si praecepta mea #aj4 ,if y keep my s]vav]itis1 manebitis 9 comm&m5ts1 y %all abide dilectione mea1 sicut et ego 9 my love2 z ,i also h ,patris mei praecepta s]vavi1 kept my ,fa!r's comm&m5ts1 et maneo 9 eius dilectione4 & d abide 9 8 love4 #aj4 ,"h he po9ts out h[ !y are to cont9ue to enjoy ,8 love3 x is by keep+ ,8 comm&m5ts4 #aa4 ,haec locutus sum vobis1 ut #aa4 ,^! ?+s ,i h spok5 gaudium meum 9 vobis sit1 et to y1 t my joy may be 9 gaudium ve/rum impleatur4 y1 & y\r joy may be fill$4 #aa4 ,! mean+ is3 ^! ?+s1 namely1 t y %\ld keep ,my comm&m5ts & cont9ue to reta9 ,my love1 ,i h spok5 9 ord] t ,my joy on acc\nt ( y may cont9ue 7! true read+ is 1 n 1 b does n alt] ! s5se71 & y\r joy may be p]fect$4 #ab4 ,hoc e/ prceptum meum ut #ab4 ,?is is my comm&m5t1 diligatis invicem1 sicut t y love "o ano!r1 z dilexi vos4 ,i h lov$ y4 #ab4 ,he _h j said t ! obs]vance ( ,8 comm&m5ts is a necess>y condition to be fulfill$ by ^? :o w\ld reta9 ,8 love1 & n[ ,he goes on to po9t to "o comm&m5t t 9 a special mann] is ,81 ! 8new comm&m5t0 7xiii4 #cd71 to :i* !y mu/ att5d4 #ac4 ,maiorem hac dilectionem #ac4 ,great] love ?an ?is no nemo habet1 ut animam suam man ha?1 t a man lay d[n ponat quis pro amicis suis4 8 life = 8 fri5ds4 #ac4 ,9 ?is v]se ,he expla9s :at sort is t love ( ,8 ^u :i* !irs mu/ be modell$ 7comp4 #a ,john iii4 #af74 ,! mean+ is1 t no great] pro( ( love = a fri5d c be giv5 ?an to lay d[n "o's life = him4 ,?is ,he 0 ab\t to d = !m4 ,! comp>ison is n betwe5 dy+ = a fri5d & dy+ = an enemy1 b betwe5 ! diff]5t pro(s ( love = a fri5d4 #ad4 ,vos amici mei e/is1 si #ad4 ,y are my fri5ds1 if y fec]itis quae ego praecipio d ! ?+s t ,i comm& vobis4 y4 #ad4 ,"h ,he %[s t 9 speak+ ( lay+ d[n ,8 life = ,8 fri5ds1 ,he means lay+ x d[n = ! ,apo/les4 #ae4 ,iam non dicam vos s]vos1 #ae4 ,i w n n[ call y quia s]vus nescit quid faciat s]vants3 = ! s]vant dom9us eius4 ,vos autem dixi kn[e? n :at 8 ,"l amicos3 quia omnia quaecumque do?4 ,b ,i h call$ y audivi a ,patre meo1 nota feci fri5ds3 because all ?+s vobis4 :atsoev] ,i h he>d ( my ,fa!r1 ,i h made kn[n to y4 #ae4 ,he has ref]r$ to !m z fri5ds1 & w d s 9 future4 ,=m]ly1 inde$1 ,he _h ref]r$ to !m z ,8 s]vants 7,john xii4 #bf1 xiii4 #af71 b n[ aft] ,he has tak5 !m s fully into ,8 confid5ce1 told !m ( ,8 spe$y dep>ture f !m 7xiii4 #cc71 po9t$ out to !m ,8 consub/antiality ) ! ,fa!r 7xiv4 #gaa71 & in/ruct$ !m t ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 to come to !m 7xiv4 #af1 #ag71 ,he w no long] speak ( !m z s]vants1 b z fri5ds4 99,all ?+s :atsoev] ,i h he>d ( my ,fa!r1 ,i h made kn[n to y499 ,t is to say1 all ! k :i* 0 communicat$ to ,him1 toge!r ) ,8 ,div9e nature1 9 ,8 et]nal g5]ation by ! ,fa!r2 all ?is1 z f> z !y 7 capable 7,john xvi4 #ab71 & x 0 useful = !m1 ,he _h communicat$ to !m4 #af4 ,non vos me elegi/is3 s$ #af4 ,y h n *os5 me3 ego elegi vos et posui vos1 ut b ,i h *os5 y2 & eatis1 et fructum aff]atis3 h appo9t$ y1 t y et fructus ve/] maneat3 ut %\ld g1 & %\ld br+ quodcumque peti]itis ,patrem =? fruit1 & y\r fruit 9 nom9e meo1 det vobis4 %\ld rema93 t :atsoev] y %all ask ( ! ,fa!r 9 my "n1 he may give x y4 #af4 99,y h n *os5 me3 b ,i h *os5 y499 ,or m exactly2 8x 0 n y t *ose ,me1 b ,i *ose y10 :]e ! aori/ ref]s back to ! def9ite act ( select+ & call+ ! ,apo/les4 ,n only !n 0 ,8 love = !m mo/ int5se1 z 0 signifi$ 9 v]se #ac1 b x 0 also gratuit\s1 unm]it$3 & ?is is n[ po9t$ out4 ,y did n *oose ,me z y\r fri5d1 b ,i *ose y z ,my special fri5ds1 ,my ,apo/les2 & set y up z su*1 9 ord] t y %\ld g into ! :ole _w 7,m>k xvi4 #ae74 & be> fruit 9 y\rselves & o!rs1 & t ?is fruit %\ld rema9 unto et]nal life4 99,t99 77 99:atsoev] y %all ask ( ! ,fa!r 9 my "n1 he may give x y994 ,"s z ,mald4 & ,a ,lap4 take "h to d5ote a consequ5ce3 if y br+ =? ! fruit = :i* ,i h *os5 y1 x w come to pass t :atsoev]1 c4 ,o!rs ?9k may reta9 its usual telic =ce3 ,i appo9t$ y 9 ord] t 444 y\r fruit %\ld rema91 & t :atsoev] 9 ref]5ce to t fruit y %all ask1 c4 ,on :at is meant by ask+ ! ,fa!r 9 ,*ri/'s "n1 see above on xiv4 #ac4 #ag4 ,haec m&o vobis1 ut #ag4 ,^! ?+s ,i comm& diligatis invicem4 y1 t y love "o ano!r4 #ag4 ,"s take ! mean+ to be3 ^! ?+s1 namely1 ! greatness & gratuit\sness ( ,my love = y ,i insi/ ^u1 to ! end t y may love "o ano!r4 ,o!rs z ,mald4 & ,patriz4 take ! mean+ to be ! same z 9 v]se #aa3 ?is is :at ,i comm& y1 namely1 t y love "o ano!r4 ,! use ( 7haec7 & n 7hoc7 is r aga9/ ! latt] view1 b x is repli$ t ! plural demon/rative foll[$ by ! s+le precept is int5d$ to signify t *>ity is ! fulfilm5t ( ! :ole law4 #ah4 ,si mundus vos odit1 #ah4 ,if ! _w hate y1 scitote quia me priorem vobis "k y t x ha? hat$ me odio habuit4 be=e y4 #ah4 ,hav+ exhort$ !m to mutual love1 ,he n[ =tifies !m aga9/ ! hatr$ ( ! _w & ! p]secutions t await$ !m4 ,! _w1 z is pla91 is ! wick$ _w1 & 9 be+ hat$ by x !y %all only be tread+ 9 ! foot/eps ( _! ,ma/]4 99,x ha? hat$499 ,! ,greek p]fect implies n m]ely a pass+ manife/ation ( hatr$1 b an abid+ & p]si/5t feel+4 #ai4 ,si de mundo fuissetis1 #ai4 ,if y _h be5 ( ! mundus quod suum erat _w1 ! _w w\ld love dilig]et3 quia v]o de mundo its own3 b because y are non e/is1 s$ ego elegi vos n ( ! _w1 b ,i h de mundo propt]ea odit vos *os5 y out ( ! _w1 mundus4 !re=e ! _w hate? y4 #ai4 99,if y _h be5991 ought r to be3 if y 74 ,! fivefold repetition ( 8! _w0 9 ?is v]se br+s vividly be=e u ?is great antagoni/ ( ,*ri/4 #bj4 ,mem5tote s]monis mei1 #bj4 ,rememb] my ^w t ,i quem ego dixi vobis3 ,non e/ said to y3 ,! s]vant is s]vus maior dom9o suo4 ,si me n great] ?an 8 ma/]4 p]secuti sunt1 et vos ,if !y h p]secut$ me1 p]sequ5tur3 si s]monem meum !y w also p]secute y3 s]vav]unt1 et ve/rum if !y h kept my ^w1 s]vabunt4 !y w keep y\rs also4 #bj4 ,he n[ rem9ds !m ( :at ,he _h told !m be=e 7xiii4 #af7 t3 8a s]vant is n great] ?an 8 ma/]10 & f ?is ,he goes on to signify :at !y mu/ expect to meet ) f ! _w4 99,if !y h kept my ^w499 ,"s ?9k !re is ref]5ce to ^? :o hav+ be5 ( ! _w came out f x to foll[ ,*ri/ & keep ,8 ^w4 ,b x appe>s m probable t ,he speaks ( ^? :o are /ill ( ! _w1 & leaves x to be suppli$ t s9ce !y _h n kept ,8 ^w1 s nei!r w\ld !y keep t ( ! ,apo/les4 ,by ! ^w ( ! ,apo/les is meant ! ^w ( ,*ri/ z prea*$ by !m4 #ba4 ,s$ haec omnia faci5t #ba4 ,b all ^! ?+s !y vobis propt] nom5 meum3 quia w d to y = my "n's nesciunt eum qui misit me4 sake3 because !y "k n him t s5t me4 #ba4 ,b rememb] t y %all suff] 9 a glori\s cause2 namely1 on ,my acc\nt2 = !y w p]secute y because y are ,my foll[]s1 & ?is because ?r\gh culpable ignorance !y w n recognise ,god z ,my ,fa!r1 nor ,me z ! ,son ( ,god4 #bb4 ,si non v5issem1 et #bb4 ,if ,i _h n come1 & locutus fuissem eis1 peccatum spok5 to !m1 !y w\ld n non hab]5t3 nunc autem h s93 b n[ !y h no excusationem non hab5t de excuse = _! s94 peccato suo4 #bc4 ,qui me odit et ,patrem meum #bc4 ,he t hate? me1 hate? odit4 my ,fa!r also4 #bb1 #bc4 ,t ?is ignorance is culpable1 ,he n[ proves f ! fact t ,he _h ,himself decl>$ to !m ,8 relations ) ! ,fa!r4 ,! s9 7peccatum7 is t ( incr$ulity1 & 9 rema9+ incr$ul\s & hat+ ,*ri/1 !y !reby %[$ t !y hat$ ! ,fa!r :o s5t ,him4 #bd4 ,si op]a non fecissem 9 #bd4 ,if ,i _h n done among eis quae nemo alius fecit1 !m ! works t no o!r peccatum non hab]5t3 nunc man ha? done1 !y w\ld n autem et vid]unt1 et od]unt h s93 b n[ !y h et me1 et ,patrum meum4 bo? se5 & hat$ bo? me & my ,fa!r4 #bd4 ,n only ,8 words 7v]se #bb71 b also ,8 unp>allel$ miracles depriv$ !m ( all excuse = _! unbelief4 ,see above on iii4 #b4 ,b n[ !y h se51 or ought to h se51 ! ,fa!r 9 ,me 7see above on xiv4 #i72 & !y h se5 ,me1 & !y h hat$ ,u bo?4 #be4 ,s$ ut adimpleatur s]mo #be4 ,b t ! ^w may be qui 9 lege eorum scriptus fulfill$ :i* is writt5 9 e/3 ,quia odio habu]unt me _! law3 ,!y h hat$ me gratis4 )\t cause4 #be4 ,yet1 ,he cont9ues1 x is only :at _! own ,scriptures 7,ps4 xxxiv4 #ai7 =etold1 t !y w\ld hate ,him )\t cause4 ,?us ?is hatr$ ( ! _w1 s f> f weak5+ ! fai? ( ! ,apo/les 9 ,*ri/ z ! ,messias1 %\ld confirm x1 s9ce ! ,messias 0 to be hat$ by ! _w4 ,9 ?is v]se has its usual telic =ce1 & ! s5se is3 b ?is has come to pass 9 ord] t ! ,scripture might be fulfill$4 ,see above on xii4 #cgdj4 ,! passage ( ! ,psalm ref]r$ to is probably ,messianic 9 its lit]al s5se4 #bf4 ,cum autem v5]it #bf4 ,b :5 ! ,p>aclete ,p>aclitus1 quem ego mittam come?1 :om ,i w s5d y vobis a ,patre1 spiritum f ! ,fa!r1 ! ,_s ( v]itatis1 qui a ,patre tru?1 :o proce$e? f ! proc$it1 ille te/imonium ,fa!r1 he %all give p]hibebit de me3 te/imony ( me4 #bg4 ,et vos te/imonium #bg4 ,& y %all give p]hibebitis1 quia ab initio te/imony1 because y are mecum e/is4 ) me f ! beg9n+4 #bf1 #bg4 ,! connection ) ! prec$+ is3 ?\gh ! _w hate ,*ri/1 yet ! ,holy ,gho/ & ! ,apo/les %all be> witness to ,him4 ,"h aga91 9 v]se #bf1 we h di/9ct m5tion ( ! ,?ree ,p]sons ( ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity4 ,see xiv4 #af1 #bf4 ,?\gh ! ,holy ,gho/ is n "h said to proce$ f ! ,son z well z f ! ,fa!r 78ex ,patre ,filioque071 yet ?is is impli$ 9 ,8 be+ s5t by ! ,son 7see above on xiv4 #bf71 & c be cle>ly prov$ aga9/ ! s*ismatical ,greeks f o!r p>ts ( ,scripture1 z f ,john xvi4 #ac1 #ad4 ,! ,greek r5d]$ 99y %all give te/imony991 is ambigu\s1 & may be ei!r an imp]ative or an indicative4 ,h[ev]1 z ,*ri/ seems to be speak+ ( ! witnesses :o w ma9ta9 ,8 cause aga9/ ! _w1 & n to be prescrib+ ! duty ( ! ,apo/les1 ! indicative is pref]able4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 #ad4 99,*ri/ po9ts out ! viol5ce ( ! p]secutions :i* await ! ,apo/les1 & ,8 object 9 =ew>n+ !m499 #eg4 99,he aga9 consoles !m1 & tries to reconcile !m to ,8 dep>ture1 by tell+ !m t x is necess>y1 9 ord] t ! ,holy ,gho/ may come to !m499 #hae4 99,he po9ts out t ! ,holy ,gho/ w conv9ce ! _w vv4 7#haa71 in/ruct !m 9 :at !y 7 n yet able to le>n 7vv4 #abac71 & give glory to ,*ri/ ,himself 7vv4 #adae74 ,h5ce !y ought to desire ! ,holy ,gho/'s com+499 #afbb4 99,he promises t aft] a brief abs5ce1 dur+ :i* !y %all h bitt] sorr[1 ,he w return to !m1 & _! sorr[ %all give place to joy499 #bc1 #bd4 99,he bids !m to pray to ! ,fa!r 9 ,8 "n1 & promises t su* pray] w be he>d499 #bebh4 99,?\gh ,he has spok5 obscurely to !m 9 ?is la/ disc\rse1 ! "t is at h& :5 ,he w speak pla9ly--a "t :5 !y w ask ! ,fa!r 9 ,8 "n499 #a4 ,haec locutus sum vobis1 ut #a4 ,^! ?+s h ,i spok5 non sc&alizem9i4 to y1 t y may n be sc&aliz$4 #a4 ,8 object 9 =etell+ 99^! ?+s99 0 t ! ,apo/les might n be sc&aliz$2 i4e41 might n wav] 9 ! fai? amid ! trials t 7 be=e !m4 ,b :at are 8^! ?+s0 to :i* ,he ref]s8 ,"s1 z ,/4 ,aug41 und]/& ! ref]5ce to be to ! promise ( ! ,com=t] 7xv4 #bf1 #bg74 ,o!rs1 z ,mald41 to ! p]secutions t await$ ! ,apo/les1 because ! pr$iction ( ^? p]secutions n[ w\ld prep>e ! ,apo/les = !m2 nay1 :5 ^? p]secutions %\ld come1 !y w\ld be ano!r pro( ( ! omnisci5ce1 &1 !re=e1 ( ! ,div9ity ( ,*ri/4 ,o!rs1 z ,a ,lap41 comb9e bo? ! prec$+ op9ions4 ,?is appe>s to u ! correct view1 = ,*ri/ has spok5 t[>ds ! end ( ! prec$+ *apt]1 bo? ( ! p]secutions t ! ,apo/les 7 to endure1 & ( ! ,com=t]1 :o 0 to come to !m2 & ! pr$iction ( bo? facts 0 calculat$ to su/a9 !m :5 trials %\ld come4 ,on ! "o h&1 !y w\ld n become disspirit$ by unexpect$ rev]ses2 on ! o!r1 !y w\ld tru/ 9 ! ,com=t]1 :o _h be5 promis$4 #b4 ,absque synagogis faci5t #b4 ,!y w put y out ( vos3 s$ v5it hora1 ut omnis ! synagogues3 yea1 ! h\r qui int]ficit vos1 arbitretur come?1 t :osoev] kille? obsequium se prae/>e ,deo3 y1 w ?9k t he do? a s]vice to ,god4 #b4 99,!y w put y out ( ! synagogues99 7or r1 synagogue7 i4e4 excommunicate y4 ,comp>e ix4 #bb2 xii4 #db4 ,yea1 ,he cont9ues1 ! "t is approa*+ :5 p]secution w be s viol5t t y\r c\ntrym5 w ?9k t !y d a s]vice to ,god by putt+ y to dea?4 ,! m5tion ( ! synagogue proves t ! ref]5ce is to ,jewi% p]secutions4 ,no d\bt _m ( ! ,jews ?\ght1 l ,/4 ,paul 7,acts xxvi4 #i2 #a ,tim4 i4 #ac71 t !y 7 pleas+ ,god by p]secut+ ,*ri/ians4 ,_! ignorance1 h[ev]1 :ile x ext5uat$1 did n :olly excuse1 _! s91 = x 0 culpable4 ,!y ought to h kn[n f ,*ri/'s words & works1 & f ! fulfilm5t ( prophecy 9 ,him1 t ,he 0 ! ,messias1 to :om1 !re=e1 !y 7 b\nd to he>k5 7,deut4 xviii4 #ai71 & ^: religion 0 to p]fect & supplant _! own4 #c4 ,et haec faci5t vobis1 quia #c4 ,& ^! ?+s w !y non nov]unt ,patrem neque me4 d to y1 because !y h n kn[n ! ,fa!r1 nor me4 #c4 ,see above on xv4 #ba4 #d4 ,s$ haec locutus sum vobis3 #d4 ,b ^! ?+s ,i h ut1 cum v5]it hora eorum1 told y1 t :5 ! h\r rem9iscam9i quia ego dixi %all come1 y may rememb] vobis4 t ,i told y ( !m4 #d4 8,eorum0 ( ! ,vulgate is to be connect$ ) 8rem9iscam9i10 on :i* x dep5ds4 ,! comma ought to be be=e 8eorum20 ! ,greek text makes ?is cle>4 ,z we said above on v]se #a1 ! fact t ,*ri/ _h =etold ^! p]secutions1 w\ld be ano!r pro( ( ,8 ,div9ity4 ,moreov]1 s9ce ,he knew t ^! p]secutions 7 9 /ore1 & did n av]t !m1 ! ,apo/les ought to le>n f ?is to be> !m ) resignation1 inasmu* z !y 7 n m]ely endur$ = ,him1 b p]mitt$ by ,him4 #e4 ,haec autem vobis ab initio #e4 ,b ,i told y n ^! non dixi1 quia vobiscum eram4 ?+s f ! beg9n+1 ,et nunc vado ad eum1 qui misit because ,i 0 ) y4 ,& me3 et nemo ex vobis n[ ,i g to him t s5t me1 int]rogat me1 ,quo vadis8 & none ( y aske? me3 ,:i!r goe/ ?\8 #e4 99,b ,i told y n ^! ?+s f ! beg9n+499 8,^! ?+s10 we aga9 und]/&1 z 9 v]se #a1 bo? ( ! p]secutions :i* 7 be=e !m1 & ( ! com+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/ to take ,*ri/'s place1 & console ! ,apo/les4 ,b _h ,he n already pr$ict$ t ! ,apo/les 7 to be p]secut$8 ,_h ,he n said3 8,b bew>e ( m54 ,= !y w deliv] y up 9 c\ncils1 & !y w sc\rge y 9 _! synagogues4 ,& y %all be br\ght be=e gov]nors & be=e k+s = ,my sake1 = a te/imony to !m & to ! ,g5tiles08 7,matt4 x4 #ag1 #ah74 ,to ?is we may reply1 ) ,mald41 t ,he _h nev] pr$ict$ p]secution until n[1 & t ,/4 ,mat!w1 9 record+1 9 ! passage cit$1 ! pr$iction ( p]secution1 does n foll[ ! ord] ( "t1 b ins]ts1 9 connection ) ! mission ( ! ,apo/les to ! ,jews :at 0 spok5 long aft]1 probably imm$iately be=e1 ,*ri/'s asc5sion1 :5 !y 7 receiv+ _! mission to ! :ole _w4 7,matt4 xxviii4 #ai1 #bj74 ,or we may reply--& ?is answ] we pref]--t al?\gh ,he _h be=e pr$ict$ ! p]secution ( ! ,apo/les1 yet ,he _h n till n[ told !m :at ,he told !m on ?is occasion2 namely1 t !y %\ld be excommunicat$ by ! ,jews1 & t m5 w\ld ?9k !y 7 actually hon\r+ ,god 9 p]secut+ !m4 ,s t al?\gh ,he _h be=e pr$ict$ p]secution1 /ill x 0 only n[ ,he pr$ict$ its t]rible viol5ce4 99,&99 7,gr4 b7 99n[ ,i g to him t s5t me994 ,^! words are to be connect$ closely ) ! prec$+4 ,be=e1 ,he _h n told !m ^! ?+s1 b n[ ,he is ab\t to leave !m1 & !re is1 !re=e1 a special reason = ,8 ref]r+ to ! future4 99,& none ( y aske? me3 ,:i!r goe/ ?\899 ,or3 8,& does none ( y ask ,me3 ,:i!r goe/ ?\08 ,our ,"l probably rema9$ sil5t = a few mom5ts aft] ann\nc+ ,8 dep>ture1 9 ord] to see if anyone w\ld "q ,him fur!r ab\t x4 ,s9ce no "o did1 ,he mildly rem9ds !m 9 ! words be=e u1 t !y are n suffici5tly solicit\s to le>n ! ?+s t conc]n$ ,him2 b1 z ,he goes on to say 9 v]se #f1 are too mu* occupi$ ) _! own sorr[s4 ,no d\bt1 ,pet] _h already ask$ ,him3 8,"l1 :i!r goe/ ,?\80 7,john xiii4 #cf72 & ,?omas _h said3 8,"l1 we "k n :i!r ,?\ goe/2 & h[ c we "k ! way80 7,john xiv4 #e71 b !y _h n p]sev]$ 9 ask+2 & at pres5t1 :5 ,he is j ab\t to dep>t1 !y put ,him no que/ions ab\t ! glory t 0 be=e ,him1 or ! nature ( ! k+dom t await$ ,him4 #f4 ,s$ quia haec locutus sum #f4 ,b because ,i h spok5 vobis3 tri/itia implevit cor ^! ?+s to y sorr[ ve/rum4 ha? fill$ y\r he>t4 #f4 99,^! ?+s99 we aga9 take1 z 9 v]ses #a & #e1 to ref] to ! p]secutions :i* ,he _h pr$ict$1 & to ! com+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/ aft] ,8 dep>ture4 ,t !re is n "q m]ely ( p]secutions pr$ict$1 is prov$ by ! next v]se1 9 :i* ,he goes on1 9 imm$iate connection ) ?is 7,b ,i tell y ! tru?1 x is exp$i5t to y t ,i g7 to reconcile !m to ,8 dep>ture4 ,= ! same reason1 !re is n "q m]ely ( ! com+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 s9ce t 0 no cause = sorr[1 b ( ,8 com+ 9 ,*ri/'s place4 ,! pr$iction ( p]secution1 & ( ! com+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/ z imply+ ! dep>ture ( ,*ri/1 0 :at fill$ _! he>ts ) sorr[4 #g4 ,s$ ego v]itatem dico #g4 ,b ,i tell y ! tru?3 vobis3 exp$it vobis ut ego x is exp$i5t to y t ,i vadam3 si enim non abi]o1 g3 = if ,i g n1 ! ,p>aclitus non v5iet ad vos3 ,p>aclete w n come to si autem abi]o1 mittam eum ad y3 b if ,i g1 ,i w s5d vos4 him to y4 #g4 99,b499 ,! mean+ is3 not)/&+ y\r sil5ce 7v]se #e71 or3 not)/&+ y\r sorr[ 7v]se #f71 99,i tell y ! tru?3 x is exp$i5t to y t ,i g994 ,?is exp$i5cy arose f ! free disposition ( ! ,div9e economy t ! ,son ( ,god %\ld remove f among m5 ,8 visible pres5ce be=e ! ,holy ,gho/ %\ld come4 ,no?+ 9 ! nature ( ?+s necess>ily requir$ ?is2 b ,god freely decre$ x s4 #h4 ,et cum v5]it ille1 arguet #h4 ,& :5 he is come he w mundum de peccato1 et de conv9ce ! _w ( s91 & iu/itia1 et de iudicio4 ( ju/ice1 & ( judgm5t4 #i4 ,de peccato quidem1 quia non #i4 ,( s93 because !y cr$id]unt 9 me3 believ$ n 9 me4 #aj4 ,de iu/itia v]o1 quia ad #aj4 ,& ( ju/ice3 because ,i ,patrem vado1 et iam non g to ! ,fa!r2 & y videbitis me3 %all see me no long]4 #aa4 ,de iudicio autem1 quia #aa4 ,& ( judgm5t3 because pr9ceps huius mundi iam ! pr9ce ( ?is _w is iudicatus e/4 already judg$4 #haa4 ,we may take ^! f\r v]ses toge!r1 z ! ?ree la/ expla9 ! fir/4 ,*ri/ goes on to %[ :y x is exp$i5t = ! ,apo/les t ,he %\ld leave !m1 & t ! ,holy ,gho/ %\ld come4 99,& :5 he is come1 he w conv9ce991 c4 ,! ,greek ^w = 8w conv9ce0 is 1 :i* may mean ei!r--7a7 to rebuke1 or 7b7 to prove a ?+ cle>ly s t x mu/ be admitt$4 ,x is n absolutely necess>y t ! ^w be us$ 9 ! same s5se ?r\gh\t ^! v]ses2 b s9ce !re is no?+ to indicate t x is us$ 9 diff]5t s5ses1 we take x 9 ! same s5se ?r\gh\t4 ,?is s5se we believe to be ! second j indicat$1 = ?is alone suits v]ses #aj & #aa4 ,! mean+ ( ! :ole passage1 !n1 we take to be ! foll[+3--,& :5 ! ,holy ,gho/ is come1 ,he w cle>ly prove to ! unbeliev+ _w1 pr9cipally ?r\gh y\r prea*+ & miracles1 its own s91 ,my ju/ice1 & its own condemnation4 ,its own s9 ( incr$ulity1 :i* is prov$ by ! fact t ! *ildr5 ( ?is wick$ _w did n believe 9 ,me 7v]se #i72 ,my ju/ice1 :i* is prov$ by ! fact t ,i g to ,god to reign ) ,him = ev]1 s t m5 %all see ,me no m2 its own condemnation1 :i* is %[n to be c]ta9 by ! fact t its pr9ce1 ! devil1 is already condemn$4 ,*ri/'s victory ov] ! devil at ,8 dea? impli$ ! condemnation ( ! devil's k+dom1 ! _w4 ,& z ,*ri/'s dea? 0 s ne>1 ! devil might be said to be already condemn$4 ,if x be object$ to our int]pretation t1 s9ce !re is "q 9 v]ses #i & #aa ( ! _w's s9 & condemnation1 s !re mu/ be "q ( ! _w's ju/ice 9 v]se #aj1 we reply t ,*ri/ makes x suffici5tly cle> t ,he is speak+ 9 v]se #aj ( ,8 own ju/ice by ! words ,he adds3 8,because ,i g to ! ,fa!r1 & y %all see ,me no long]40 ,if x be object$ t ! ,holy ,gho/ did n prove to ! _w its own s91 nor ,*ri/'s ju/ice1 nor its own condemnation1 we reply t ,he did1 ?\gh ! _w 9 _m ( its *ildr5 clos$ its eyes to ! pro(2 ,oculos hab5t et non videbunt4 7,ps4 cxiii4 #e47 ,! _w saw 9 ! sanctity ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 9 ! miracles wr\ght by ,*ri/'s foll[]s1 9 ! p[] ( ! ,apo/les & _! successors ov] devils & ^? possess$ by devils1 :at ought to h conv9c$ x ( ,*ri/'s ,div9ity1 & ( its own s9 & inevitable condemnation4 #ab4 ,adhuc multa habeo vobis #ab4 ,i h yet _m ?+s to dic]e3 s$ non pote/is say to y3 b y _c port>e modo4 he> !m n[4 #ab4 99,i h yet _m ?+s499 ,among ^! _m ?+s :i* !y 7 n yet able to be> 71 probably1 ! nature ( ,8 e>?ly k+dom1 & ! abrogation ( ! ,jewi% ,law1 9 z f> z x 0 judicial & c]emonial4 ,z ,jews :o _h gr[n up imbu$ ) deepe/ rev]5ce = ! ,mosaic ,law1 ! ,apo/les 7 naturally sl[ to believe t x 0 to be abrogat$2 & imm$iately be=e ,/4 ,pet] receiv$ ,cornelius into ! ,*ur* z ! fir/fruits ( ! ,g5tile _w1 he _h to be taught by a vision f heav5 t ! ,jewi% di/9ction betwe5 clean & unclean meats 0 no long] to exi/4 7,acts x4 #ajaf47 ,& z to ! nature ( ,*ri/'s e>?ly k+dom1 ! ,apo/les 9 common ) ! re/ ( _! race /ill hop$ t ! ,messias w\ld e/abli% a mighty ,jewi% empire1 & re/ore ,israel to a =emo/ place among ! nations4 ,ev5 on ,asc5sion day !y /ill *]i%$ ?is hope1 z we le>n f ! ,acts3 8,"l1 wilt ,?\ at ?is "t re/ore aga9 ! k+dom to ,israel80 7,acts i4 #f74 #ac4 ,cum autem v5]it ille #ac4 ,b :5 he1 ! ,_s ( ,spiritus v]itatis1 docebit tru?1 is come1 he w tea* vos omnem v]itatem3 non enim y all tru?4 ,= he %all loquetur a semetipso3 s$ n speak ( himself3 b :at quaecumque audiet loquetur1 et ?+s soev] he %all he>1 quae v5tura sunt annuntiabit he %all speak3 & ! ?+s vobis4 t are to come he %all %ew y4 #ac4 99,b :5 he1 ! ,_s ( tru?1 is come499 ,?\gh y are n[ unable to be> ^! tru?s1 y %all be taught !m all by ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,! ,greek = 99w tea*99 7docebit7 is 1 :i* means to lead on ! way1 to conduct2 & ! s5se1 !re=e1 is3 ,he %all guide y into all ! tru? 7:i* ,i h /ill to tell y1 b :i* y are n[ unable to be>74 ,we are n to suppose t ! ,apo/les 7 taught all ! tru? on ! day ( ,p5teco/2 ! revelation 0 v\*saf$ gradually1 & at _! dea? ! deposit ( fai? 0 complete47#aja7 ,s9ce ! ,apo/les' "t1 doctr9es & dogmas h1 inde$1 be5 m fully drawn out & develop$1 b no new doctr9es h be5 reveal$4 ,?is foll[s cle>ly f ! words we are consid]+2 = x 0 to ! ,apo/les1 to ^? same m5 :o 7 n[ unable to be> x1 t ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 to tea* ! :ole tru?4 ,! promise "h made to ! ,apo/les1 t !y %\ld be taught ! :ole tru? by ! ,holy ,gho/1 :ile x reg>d$ !m directly1 reg>d$ ! :ole ,*ur* indirectly2 = x is to !m z ,apo/les1 appo9t$ to tea* ! :ole ,*ur*1 t ,*ri/ speaks3 8,i h *os5 y1 & h appo9t$ y1 t y %\ld g1 & %\ld br+ =? fruit1 & y\r fruit %\ld rema90 7,john xv4 #af74 ,& 9 ! solemn pray] to ! ,fa!r1 ) :i* ?is disc\rse concludes1 ,he prays ! ,fa!r3 8,sanctify !m 7! ,apo/les7 9 7!7 tru?4444 ,& n = !m only d ,i pray1 b = !m also :o1 ?r\gh _! ^w1 %all believe 9 me40 ,s t ! ,apo/les fir/1 & ?r\gh !m ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/1 receiv$ ! :ole tru? f ! ,holy ,gho/47#ajb7 99,= he %all n speak ( himself499 ,^! words give a reason :y ! ,holy ,gho/ %all tea* ! tru?4 ,no o!r reason ?an ,8 own ,div9ity & ess5tial tru?fulness 0 necess>y2 b1 z ! ,apo/les did n yet und]/& t ?is new ,com=t] 0 ,div9e1 ,jesus v\*safes ano!r reason to conv9ce !m ( ,8 tru?fulness4 ,?is o!r reason is1 t ! ,holy ,gho/ %all speak to !m1 n :at has be5 excogitat$ or inv5t$ by ,himself1 b :at he receiv$ f ! ,son ( ,god 9 ,8 et]nal procession4 ,d\btless ! ,apo/les did n yet "k mu* ab\t ! my/]y ( ! ,div9e procession2 /ill !y c\ld ga!r f ^! words t ! new ,com=t] 0 to ann\nce to !m ! tru?1 z ,*ri/'s legate1 & ?is 0 en\gh4 99,b :at ?+s soev] he %all he>1 he %all speak499 ,a ,div9e ,p]son 7unless ,he 7 possess$ ( two natures1 l ,jesus ,*ri/7 _c be conceiv$ to acquire any?+ except 9 ,8 procession2 = once ,he is a ,div9e ,p]son ,he is inf9ite1 & c receive no?+ t ,he does n already possess4 ,h5ce :atev] ! ,holy ,gho/ he>d1 ,he he>d f all et]nity1 9 proce$+ f ! ,fa!r & ! ,son47#ajc7 ,yet1 ?\gh ! ,holy ,gho/ he>d & he>s f all et]nity1 ! future t5se 8%all he>0 is us$ because !re is "q ( k to be manife/$ 9 ! future47#ajd7 99,& ! ?+s t are to come he %all %ew y499 ,h5ce ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 to conf] ! gift ( prophecy on ! ,apo/les4 ,z evid5ce t ,he conf]r$ ?is gift ^u !m1 see ,acts xx4 #bi2 ,/4 ,jude #ag1 #ah1 & ,! ,apocalypse4 #ad4 ,ille me cl>ificabit3 quia #ad4 ,he %all glorify me2 de meo accipiet1 et because he %all receive ( annuntiabit vobis4 m9e1 & %all %ew x to y4 #ad4 99,he %all glorify me4 because he %all receive ( m9e99 7 71 99& %all %ew x to y994 ,! ,holy ,gho/ gave glory to ,*ri/ be=e m5 by %[+ t ,*ri/ 0 ! ,messias & ,savi\r ( ! _w4 ,?is ,he did pr9cipally ?r\gh ! ,apo/les1 by imp>t+ to !m 79 s f> x 0 necess>y or useful = !m7 ! k :i* ,he _h receiv$ f ! ,son1 & especially1 z ! context "h 7v]se #af7 proves1 ! k ( future ?+s4 ,9 ! words1 8,he %all receive ( m9e10 we ref] 8m9e0 to ! ,son's k1 :i*1 h[ev]1 9 reality does n diff] 9 a ,div9e ,p]son f ,8 ess5ce47#aje7 ,z we rem>k$ already on v]se #ac1 a ,div9e ,p]son 7hav+ no o!r nature ?an ! ,div9e71 _c be conceiv$ to receive any?+ except 9 ,8 procession2 & h5ce :5 ! ,holy ,gho/ is "h said to receive f ! ,son1 we h a conv9c+ pro( t ,he proce$s f ! ,son4 ,! s*ismatical ,greeks attempt$ 9 two ways to get rid ( ! argum5t t is ?us af=d$ = ! procession ( ! ,holy ,gho/ f ! ,son4 7a7 ,fir/1 !y suppli$ aft] 1 & ?us repres5t$ ,*ri/ z say+ t ! ,holy ,gho/ %\ld receive f ! ,fa!r4 ,h5ce !y conclud$ t ,he proce$s only f ! ,fa!r4 ,b we say 9 reply--7#a7 t x is aga9/ ! rules ( ,greek syntax t ! possessive pron\n %\ld ref] to a ^w n express$ 9 ! phrase4 7#b7 ,t all ! fa!rs1 ,greek z well z ,lat91 ref]r$ to :at is 9 ! ,son & n to ! ,fa!r4 7#c7 ,! context "h ,proves t does n ref] to ! ,fa!r4 ,= 9 v]se #ae we h ! pron\n repeat$ 9 ! plural3 8,all ?+s :atsoev] ! ,fa!r ha? are m9e 7 74 ,!re=e ,i said1 he %all receive ( m9e10 & x is pla9 t 9 bo? in/ances m9e ref]s to ! same ?+2 h5ce n to ! ,fa!r1 b to :at is 9 ! ,son1 communicat$ f ! ,fa!r4 7b7 ,equally inadmissible is ! o!r int]pretation by :i* x 0 attempt$ to expla9 away ?is text4 ,accord+ to ?is second view1 ,*ri/'s words w\ld mean3 ,! ,holy ,gho/ %all glorify ,me because ,he %all receive ( ,m9e f ,my ,fa!r1 & %all %[ x to y4 ,b !re is no?+ to ju/ify ?is ins]tion ( ! words 8f ,my ,fa!r20 on ! contr>y1 ! :ole context po9ts to ! fact t ! ,holy ,gho/ is to receive :at is ! ,son's 7( m9e7 f ! ,son ,himself4 ,= s9ce ! ,holy ,gho/ 9 reality glorifi$ ! ,fa!r & ,himself z well z ! ,son1 :5 we f9d x "h /at$ t ,he %all glorify ! ,son1 because ,he %all receive ( ,him1 ! natural inf]5ce is1 t ,he receives f ,him directly1 & n m]ely ?r\gh ! ,fa!r4 ,besides1 :5 ! text di/9ctly /ates t ! ,holy ,gho/ %all receive ( ! ,son1 x is :olly arbitr>y & really n an int]pretation ( ! words at all to say t ,he receives ( ! ,son ?r\gh ! ,fa!r1 & n directly ( ! ,son ,himself4 ,h5ce ! words ( ?is v]se pla9ly mean t ! ,holy ,gho/ receives f ! ,son1 & consequ5tly1 z we saw above on v]se #ac1 af=d a pro( t ,he proce$s f ! ,son1 j z ^? ( xv4 #bf prove t ,he proce$s f ! ,fa!r4 ,he proce$s1 !re=e1 z our fai? pr(esses1 ,ex ,patre ,filioque4 #ae4 ,omnia quaecumque habet #ae4 ,all ?+s :atsoev] ! ,pat]1 mea sunt4 ,propt]ea ,fa!r ha?1 are m9e4 dixi3 quia de meo accipiet1 et ,!re=e ,i said1 he %all annuntiabit vobis4 receive ( m9e1 & %[ x to y4 #ae4 99,!re=e ,i said1 he %all receive991 c4 ,! pres5t 77 is ! m probable read+1 b x is us$ = ! future1 s t ! ,vulgate gives ! mean+4 ,?is v]se is v>i\sly connect$ ) ! prec$+1 ev5 by ,ca?olic comm5tators4 ,we believe t ,*ri/ is "h prov+ :at ,he has j said1 namely1 t ! ,holy ,gho/ %\ld receive ( ,him4 ,! pro( is ?is3 ,all :atsoev] ! ,fa!r ha? 7except1 ( c\rse1 ! relation ( ,pat]nity7 is ! ,son's2 b ! ,fa!r has spiratio activa3 9 o!r words1 ! ,holy ,gho/ proce$s f ,him1 !re=e ,he proce$s f ! ,son also3 8,all ?+s :atsoev] ! ,fa!r ha? are m9e2 !re=e ,i said1 ,he %all receive ( m9e1 & %ew x to y40 ,note t ?is v]se1 too1 furni%es a cle> pro( ( ! procession ( ! ,holy ,gho/ f ! ,son1 s9ce ! ,son has all t ! ,fa!r ha?4 #af4 ,modicum1 et iam non #af4 ,a little :ile1 & n[ videbitis me3 et it]um y %all n see me3 & modicum1 et videbitis me3 quia aga9 a little :ile1 & y vado ad ,patrem8 %all see me3 because ,i g to ! ,fa!r4 #af4 ,in/ead ( ! be/ support$ ,greek text reads 7no long]71 & omits ! words 8because ,i g to ! ,fa!r40 ,we are n1 h[ev]1 conv9c$ t ! ,vulgate is wrong 9 reta9+ ! words1 = ! next v]se1 :]e !y are c]ta9ly g5u9e1 makes x cle> t our ,"l mu/ h us$ ! words "h2 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 x is possible t ,/4 ,john did n record !m4 99,a little :ile499 ,!re are two probable int]pretations ( ! two 8little :iles40 ,accord+ to "o1 ! fir/ 8little :ile0 is ! %ort "t until ,*ri/'s dea?1 & aft] t !y %\ld n see ,him2 !n ano!r 8little :ile10 namely ! ?ree days t ,8 body 0 9 ! grave1 & aft] t !y %\ld see ,him ris5 to a glori\s & immortal life4 ,accord+ to ! o!r1 ! fir/ 8little :ile0 is ! "t until ! asc5sion1 & aft] t !y %\ld see ,him no long] among !m on e>?2 ! second 8little :ile0 is ! "t f ! asc5sion until ! day ( g5]al judgm5t1 & aft] t !y %\ld see ,him = ev]1 _! joy no man %\ld take f !m 7v]se #bb71 & !y w\ld require to ask ,him no que/ions 7v]se #bc71 because all w\ld be cle> 9 ! light ( ! beatific vision4 ,we pref] ! latt] view2 = :5 ,*ri/ goes on 9 ! foll[+ v]ses to expla91 ,8 words1 especially 9 v]ses #bb & #bc1 are n easily or naturally und]/ood 9 ! fir/ int]pretation4 ,=1 ?\gh ! ,apo/les did rejoice aft] ,8 resurrection 7,john xx4 #bj71 & ?\gh t glori\s ev5t ) all t x impli$ mu/ h be5 to !m a s\rce ( la/+ joy1 /ill !y _h v _m occasions = sorr[+ subsequ5tly4 ,besides1 we "k t aft] ,8 resurrection !y put ,him que/ions 7,acts i4 #f74 ,h5ce1 we pref] to hold t ! second 8little :ile0 7) ! ,"l a ?\s& ye>s are z "o day1 #b ,pet] iii4 #h7 %all t]m9ate ) ! day ( judgm5t1 = !n only %all !y require to put ,him no que/ions1 & bo? body & s\l %all be = ev] happy4 99,because ,i g to ! ,fa!r499 ,"s connect ) bo? ! prec$+ memb]s4 ,o!rs1 z ,mald41 only ) ! fir/ memb]--y %all n see ,me1 because ,i g to ! ,fa!r4 #ag4 ,dix]unt ergo ex #ag4 ,!n "s ( 8 disciples discipulis eius ad invicem3 said "o to ano!r3 ,:at is ,quid e/ hoc quod dicit nobis3 ?is t he sai? to u3 ,a ,modicum1 et non videbitis me3 little :ile1 & y %all et it]um modicum3 et n see me3 & aga9 a little videbitis me1 et quia vado ad :ile1 & y %all see me1 ,patrem8 & because ,i g to ! ,fa!r8 #ah4 ,dicebant ergo3 ,quid e/ #ah4 ,!y said !re=e3 ,:at hoc quod dicit ,modicum3 is ?is t he sai?1 ,a nescimus quid loquitur4 little :ile8 we "k n :at he speake?4 #ag1 #ah4 ,! ,apo/les 7 p]plex$1 & did n und]/&4 ,d\btless _! sorr[ at ! ?\ght ( ,8 dep>ture confus$ !m1 & 9 any case ! mean+ 0 n cle>4 #ai4 ,cognovit autem ,iesus quia #ai4 ,& ,jesus knew t !y volebant cum int]rog>e et _h a m9d to ask him3 & he dixit eis3 ,de hoc qua]itis said to !m3 ,( ?is d y int] vos quia dixi1 ,modicum8 inquire among y\rselves1 et non videbitis me3 et it]um because ,i said3 ,a little modicum1 et videbitis me4 :ile1 & y %all n see me3 & aga9 a little :ile1 & y %all see me8 #ai4 ,?\gh !y _h spok5 only among !mselves1 ,jesus knew _! ?\ghts1 & 0 aw>e ( _! p]plexity4 #bj4 ,am51 am5 dico vobis3 #bj4 ,am51 am51 ,i say to y1 quia plorabitis et flebitis t y %all lam5t & vos1 mundus autem gaudebit3 weep1 b ! _w %all vos autem contri/abim9i1 s$ rejoice3 & y %all be made tri/itia ve/ra v]tetur 9 sorr[ful1 b y\r sorr[ gaudium4 %all be turn$ into joy4 #ba4 ,muli] cum p>it1 #ba4 ,a woman1 :5 %e is 9 tri/itiam habet1 quia lab\r1 ha? sorr[1 because v5i?ora eius3 cum autem h] h\r is come3 b :5 %e pep]]it pu]um1 iam non ha? br\ght =? ! *ild1 mem9it pressurae propt] %e rememb]e? no m ! gaudium1 quia natus e/ homo angui%1 = joy t a man is 9 mundum4 born into ! _w4 #bj1 #ba4 ,he comp>es _! brief sorr[ "h bel[ to t ( a woman 9 lab\r1 & _! la/+ joy to t ( a "m :5 %e has br\ght =? h] *ild4 #bb4 ,et vosigitur nunc quidem #bb4 ,s also y n[ inde$ tri/itiam habetis1 it]um h sorr[1 b ,i w see autem videbo vos1 et gaudebit y aga91 & y\r he>t cor ve/rum3 et gaudium %all rejoice2 & y\r joy no ve/rum nemo toilet a vobis8 man %all take f y4 #bb4 ,apply+ ! prec$+ comp>ison1 ,he says3 ,y too n[ 9 ?is life1 ! p]iod ( y\r travail1 h sorr[2 b ,i w see y aga9 at ! day ( g5]al judgm5t 7or1 p]haps1 :5 _! s\ls %\ld ent] heav571 & !n y\r joy %all be la/+4 #bc4 ,et 9 illo die me non #bc4 ,& 9 t day y %all rogabitis quidquam4 ,am51 am5 n ask me any?+4 ,am51 dico vobis3 si quid peti]itis am51 ,i say to y3 if y ask ,patrem 9 nom9e nemo dabit ! ,fa!r any?+ 9 my vobis4 "n1 he w give x y4 #bc4 ,9 t "t1 :5 y %all enjoy ! vision ( ,god1 y %all n require to put me any que/ions7#ajf7 7 7 z j n[ y wi%$ to d 7v]se #ai71 because y %all "k all t y c desire to "k4 ,?us 9 ! int]pretation t we h adopt$1 ,*ri/1 aft] promis+ ! ,apo/les ! k ( future ?+s :ile !y are "h on e>? 7v]ses #acae71 goes on 9 ! foll[+ v]ses 7#afbc7 to promise !m ,8 own4 society1 et]nal joy1 & p]fect k 9 ! life to come4 99,am51 am51 ,i say to y3 if y ask99 77 99! ,fa!r any?+991 c4 ,^! words ought to beg9 a new v]se1 = a new subject1 ! efficacy ( pray]1 is begun4 ,! correct ,greek read+ is 7n 71 & agrees ) ! ,vulgate1 8si quid40 ,mo/ critics ( ! ,greek text read ! latt] "p ( ?is v]se ?us3 8,if y ask ! ,fa!r any?+1 ,he w give x y 9 my "n40 ,/ill we are incl9$ to believe t ! ,vulgate read+1 :i* connects 89 my "n0 ) 8ask0 & n ) 8w give10 is correct2 = imm$iately aft] 79 v]ses #bd & #bf7 we h "q ( ask+ 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/4 ,moreov]1 ! connection betwe5 v]ses #bc & #bd1 ) ! app>5t anti!sis3 8if y ask ! ,fa!r any?+ 9 my "n1 ,he w give x y4 ,hi!rto y h n ask$ any?+ 9 my "n10 confirms ! ,vulgate read+4 ,we pref] ! ,vulgate read+ !re=e1 & ! s5se is1 t if !y ask ! ,fa!r any?+ 9 ! "n1 ?r\gh ! m]its1 ( ,*ri/1 ,he w give x2 provid$1 ( c\rse1 z ,/4 ,john says 9 8 ,fir/ ,epi/le 7v4 #ad7 !y ask accord+ to ! w ( ,god4 ,h5ce ! ,*ur* always asks ?r\gh ! m]its ( ,*ri/3 8,p] ,*ri/um ,dom9um no/rum10 or 8,p] ,dom9um no/rum ,jesum ,*ri/um10 c4 ,!re c\ld be no cle>] pro( ?an ?is v]se af=ds ( ! wondr\s efficacy ( pray]4 #bd4 ,usque modo non peti/is #bd4 ,hi!rto y h n quidquam 9 nom9e meo3 ask$ any?+ 9 my "n4 petite1 et accipietis1 ut ,ask1 & y %all receive3 gaudium ve/rum sit pl5um4 t y\r joy may be full4 #bd4 ,!y _h already inde$ ask$ ( ,*ri/ ,himself2 !y _h also ask$ ! ,fa!r2 b n 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/1 z !y are n[ bid to d4 ,?is 0 a new =m ( pray]4 ,! ,jews1 :5 pray+1 begg$ ( ,god to rememb] _! ,patri>*s1 ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob2 ,*ri/ians appeal ?r\gh ! "n & m]its ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 #be4 ,haec 9 prov]biis locutus #be4 ,^! ?+s ,i h spok5 sum vobis4 ,v5it hora1 cum iam to y 9 prov]bs4 ,! h\r non 9 prov]biis loqu> come? :5 ,i w no m vobis1 s$ palam de ,patre speak to y 9 prov]bs1 b annuntiabo vobis4 w %[ y pla9ly ( ! ,fa!r4 #be4 99,9 prov]bs499 ,! ^w translat$ 8prov]bs0 is 1 :i* signifies n m]ely prov]bial1 b also obscure or figurative language2 & ?is is ! s5se "h1 z is prov$ by ! anti!sis betwe5 speak+ 89 prov]bs0 & speak+ 8pla9ly40 8,^! ?+s10 !n1 conc]n+ ,8 dea?1 ,8 resurrection1 ,8 return to ! ,fa!r1 ! 8little :iles10 c41 ,he _h spok5 obscurely4 ,we mu/ hold t ! words ( in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ are n includ$ 9 8^! ?+s40 ,!y did n belong to ?is disc\rse aft] ! ,la/ ,supp]1 b 7 spok5 dur+ ! supp]4 ,moreov]1 _h !y be5 obscure1 surely ?ree ,evangeli/s & ,/4 ,paul w\ld n h n>rat$ !m )\t "s explanation4 99,! h\r come? :5 ,i w no m speak to y 9 prov]bs499 8,h\r0 is ! ord9>y ,hebraism = "t4 ,"s ref] ?is to ! next life1 "s to ! =ty days ( ,*ri/'s ris5 life1 & "s to ! "t aft] ,p5teco/4 ,) ,/4 ,aug4 & ,mald4 we pref] ?is latt] view1 = ! fir/ op9ion seems exclud$ by ! next v]se1 :]e x is said !y w ask ( ! ,fa!r dur+ ! "t 9 "q1 & we "k !y %all n require to ask 9 heav54 ,! second op9ion too 7unless x be jo9$ ) ! ?ird7 is improbable1 = x 0 n till ! day ( ,p5teco/1 :5 !y 7 8endu$ ) p[] f on high0 7,luke xxvi4 #di71 t !y 7 able to be> pla9 speak+1 or t ,*ri/ ?r\gh ! ,holy ,gho/ spoke pla9ly to !m4 #bf4 ,9 illo die 9 nom9e meo #bf4 ,9 t day y %all ask petetis3 et non dico vobis 9 my "n3 & ,i say n to quia ego rogabo ,patrem de y1 t ,i w ask ! vobis3 ,fa!r = y3 #bf4 99,i say n to y1 t ,i w ask ! ,fa!r = y499 ,! s5se is3 ,i ne$ n say1 ,i d n ne$ to tell y1 t ,i w ask ! ,fa!r = y4 ,?is =m ( expression is :at is call$ 8praet]itio10 n 8exclusio10 = we "k t ,*ri/ is 8always liv+ to int]c$e = u0 7,heb4 vii4 #be74 ,! connection 9 ! foll[+ v]se3 8,= ! ,fa!r ,himself10 c41 %[s t ,*ri/ also wi%$ to intimate t su* int]cession on ,8 "p w\ld n be necess>y1 because ! ,fa!r ,himself w\ld be prompt to he> & answ] _! pray]s4 ,?us !y %\ld und]/& t1 ?\gh ,*ri/1 _! advocate1 0 leav+ !m1 yet !y _h no reason to be di%e>t5$1 s9ce ! ,fa!r unsolicit$ w\ld love !m & he> _! pray]s1 because !y _h lov$ ,*ri/1 & believ$ ,him to be ! ,messias s5t by ,god4 #bg4 ,ipse enim ,pat] amat vos1 #bg4 ,= ! ,fa!r himself quia vos me ama/is1 et love? y1 because y h cr$idi/is quia ego a ,deo lov$ me1 & h believ$ exivi4 t ,i came out f ,god4 #bh4 ,exivi a ,patre1 et v5i 9 #bh4 ,i came =? f ! mundum3 it]um rel9quo ,fa!r1 & am come into ! mundum1 et vado ad ,patrem4 _w3 aga9 ,i leave ! _w1 & ,i g to ! ,fa!r4 #bh4 ,tak+ up ! clos+ words ( ! prec$+ v]se1 ,he insi/s ^u ! tru? ( :at !y h believ$4 ,= 9 com+ into ! _w ,i did come out f ,god1 :o is ,my ,fa!r1 & n[ ,i return to ,him 9 leav+ ! _w1 ,"s comm5tators ref] ! words3 8,i came =? f ! ,fa!r0 to ! et]nal procession1 & ! foll[+ words to ! mission 9 "t2 b we ?9k ! view we foll[ m probable2 = :at is "h ass]t$ is :at ! ,apo/les _h already believ$1 & we d\bt if !y yet und]/ood or believ$ 9 ! et]nal procession4 #bi4 ,dicunt ei discipuli eius3 #bi4 ,8 disciples say to him3 ,ecce nunc palam loqu]is1 et ,behold n[ ?\ speake/ prov]bium nullum dicis3 pla9ly1 & speake/ no prov]b4 #bi4 ,9 say+ t ,he 0 ab\t to leave ! _w & g to ! ,fa!r1 ,he spoke pla9ly1 & expla9$ _! d\bts ( v]se #ag4 #cj4 ,nunc scimus quia scis #cj4 ,n[ we "k t ?\ omnia1 et non opus e/ tibi ut kn[e/ all ?+s1 & ?\ quis te int]roget3 9 hoc ne$e/ n t any man cr$imus quia a ,deo exi/i4 %\ld ask !e4 ,by ?is we believe t ?\ come/ =? f ,god4 #cj4 ,see+ t ,he _h read _! ?\ghts 7v]se #ai71 & anticipat$ _! inquiries1 ev5 = ?is reason !y decl>e _! fai? 9 ,him z ! ,messias & ,son ( ,god to be confirm$ & made p]fect4 #ca4 ,respondit eis ,iesus3 ,modo #ca4 ,jesus answ]$ !m3 ,d cr$itis8 y n[ believe8 #ca4 ,*ri/'s reply does n d5y t !y believe2 yet ins9uates1 if we take x int]rogatively ) ! ,vulgate1 t ,he _h reason to d\bt ! firmness ( ! fai? !y boa/$1 z inde$ ,he goes on to decl>e pla9ly 9 ! foll[+ v]ses4 #cb4 ,ecce v5it hora1 et iam #cb4 ,behold ! h\r come?1 v5it1 ut disp]gam9i & x is n[ come1 t y unusquisque 9 propria1 et me %all be scatt]$ e man solum rel9quatis3 et non sum to 8 own1 & %all leave me solus1 quia ,pat] mecum e/4 alone3 & yet ,i am n alone because ! ,fa!r is ) me4 #cb4 99,h\r99 is aga9 a ,hebraism = "t4 ,?is same pr$iction1 or a simil> "o1 is record$ by ,/4 ,matt4 7xxvi4 #ca71 & ,/4 ,m>k 7xiv4 #bg71 & accord+ to bo? x 0 made aft] ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les _h left ! supp] room to g t[>ds ! ,m\nt ( ,olives4 ,z we obs]v$ above on xiv4 #ca1 we ?9k x highly improbable t ?is long disc\rse aft] ! ,la/ ,supp] 0 spok5 9 ! cr[d$ /reets ( ,j]usalem2 & if ! words ( ,,ss4 ,mat!w or ,m>k oblig$ u to hold t ! pr$iction1 record$ by ^? ,evangeli/s 0 spok5 :il/ ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les pass$ along ! /reets1 we w\ld hold t ?is pr$iction1 record$ by ,/4 ,john1 is a diff]5t "o1 & t ,*ri/ ref]r$ twice on ?is night to ! des]tion ( ,8 ,apo/les4 ,9 reality1 h[ev]1 ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k c be satisfactorily expla9$ on ! supposition t ! pr$iction :i* !y record 0 spok5 outside ! h\se :]e ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les _h supp$1 or at "s quiet spot on ! way to ,m\nt ,olivet4 #cc4 ,haec locutus sum vobis1 ut #cc4 ,^! ?+s ,i h spok5 9 me pacem habeatis4 ,9 mundo to y1 t 9 me y may pressuram habebitis3 s$ h peace4 ,9 ! _w y confidite1 ego vici mundum4 %all h di/ress3 b h confid5ce1 ,i h ov]come ! _w4 #cc4 ,^! la/ disc\rses ,he _h spok5 to confirm _! fai? & af=d !m consolation1 t s !y might h peace ( he>t1 despite ! hatr$ ( ! _w4 ,!n ,he closes ?is beautiful disc\rse ) ! consol+ & enc\rag+ assurance t ,he 0 j ab\t to conqu] ! _w 7by prolepsis ,he speaks ( ,8 victory z already ga9$74 ,! context %[s t ?is assurance impli$ t !y too1 ?r\gh ,him1 %\ld triumph ov] ! _w4 ,= x is because ,8 victory impli$ !irs t ,he tells !m to h confid5ce4 8,= :atsoev] is born ( ,god ov]come? ! _w3 & ?is is ! victory :i* ov]come? ! _w1 our fai?0 7#a ,john v4 #d74 ,?us 9 ,8 la/ words to ,8 ,apo/les be=e ,8 passion1 at ! v mom5t :5 ,he knew t ,8 enemies 7 approa*+ 7xv4 #cj71 ,*ri/ confid5tly claims ! glory ( a conqu]or4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 #ae4 99,z man1 ,*ri/ prays to ! ,fa!r = ,himself499 #fai4 99,he prays = ! ,apo/les499 #bjbc4 99,he prays = all ! fai?ful499 #bdbf4 99,8 la/ pray] = ! ,apo/les499 #a4 ,haec locutus e/ ,iesus3 et #a4 ,^! ?+s ,jesus spoke1 sublevatis oculis 9 coelum1 & lift+ up 8 eyes to dixit3 ,pat] v5it hora1 heav51 he said3 ,fa!r1 ! cl>ifica ,filium tuum ut h\r is come1 glorify ?y ,son1 ,filius tuus cl>ificet te3 t ?y ,son may glorify !e4 #a4 99,^! ?+s991 we und]/& "h ( all t is compris$ 9 ! disc\rses j record$ 7xiii4 #caxvi4 #cc74 ,hav+ complet$ ,8 words ( w>n+ & consolation & love1 ,jesus n[ turns f tea*+ to pray]1 f e>? to heav51 f ,8 *ildr5 to ,8 ,fa!r4 99,glorify ?y ,son1 t ?y ,son may glorify !e499 ,*ri/1 z man1 prays to ,8 ,fa!r2 & ! s5se is3 ,! "t ( ,my trial is come2 d n des]t ,me1 b glorify ,me by exalt+ ,my humanity to a p>ticipation 9 ! glory ( ! ,div9ity2 t s1 by ,my resurrection & asc5sion1 ,i may give glory to ,!e1 by giv+ et]nal life to all :om ,?\ ha/ giv5 me7#ajg7 7v]se #b74 #b4 7a7 ,sicut d$i/i ei #b4 ,z ?\ ha/ giv5 him pote/atem omnis c>nis1 ut p[] ov] all fle%1 t he omne quod d$i/i ei1 det eis may give et]nal life to all vitam aet]nam4 :om ?\ ha/ giv5 him4 #b4 ,^! words expla9 h[ ,*ri/ w glorify ! ,fa!r1 namely1 by giv+ et]nal life to all :om ! ,fa!r _h giv5 ,him4 99,all fle%99 is a ,hebraism = all mank9d 7,john i4 #ad72 & by ano!r ,hebraism ! nom9ative 8omne0 ( ! ,vulgate is r$undant1 ! s5se be+ z 9 our ,engli% v]sion4 ,?is v]se we connect ) ! la/ clause ( v]se #a1 & take ! s5se to be3 ,t ,?y ,son may glorify ,!e1 accord+ z ,?\ ha/ giv5 ,him p[] ov] all m51 9 ord] t 9 !m ,he may glorify ,!e4 ,9 o!r words1 ,*ri/ prays t ! ,fa!r may br+ ab\t ,8 own glory1 :i* ,he _h 9 view 9 giv+ ,*ri/ p[] ov] all m54 ,!re are v>i\s o!r int]pretations1 b ! above seems to u be/1 z x connects naturally ) ! prec$+1 & reta9s ! ord9>y signification ( & 4 ,?is p[] ov] all m51 ,*ri/1 z ,god1 possess$ f et]nity1 & z ,godman ,he obta9$ at ,8 inc>nation4 ,?\gh ,he has p[] ov] all m51 yet ,he does n give et]nal life to all m51 b only to ^? :om ,god has giv5 ,him 7vi4 #cg71 because only ^! correspond ) ,8 grace4 ,?is is impli$ 9 ,*ri/'s language "h1 = ! words1 8to all :om ,?\ has giv5 ,him10 expla9 ! expression all fle%1 & %[ t x is only 9 ^? :o believe t ! univ]sal ,p[] ov] 8all fle%0 is efficaci\s4 #c4 ,haec e/ autem vita #c4 ,n[ ?is is et]nal life3 aet]na3 ut cognoscant te1 t !y may "k !e1 ! solum ,deum v]um1 et quem only true ,god1 & ,jesus misi/i ,iesum ,*ri/um4 ,*ri/1 :om ?\ ha/ s5t4 #c4 99,n[ ?is is et]nal life991 c4 ,! s5se is3 ?is is ! pl$ge1 ! cause ( et]nal life 7see ,john iii4 #cf71 t !y "k ,!e ) ! k ( fai?1 "k ,!e to be ! only true ,god & ,jesus ,*ri/ :om ,?\ ha/ s5t4 ,! ,greek %[s t ! ,fa!r is "h said to be ! only ,god1 to ! exclusion ( o!r ,gods1 b n to ! exclusion ( o!r ,p]sons :o p>ticipate 9 ! same ,godhead4 ,x is n meant t ! ,fa!r is ! only ,div9e ,p]son4 ,!re are o!r ,p]sons 9 ! ,godhead1 b !re is no o!r ,godhead4 ,! words mean1 !n1 t !y may "k ,!e to be ! only true ,god1 to ! exclusion ( all o!r ,gods2 b d n mean t !y may "k ,!e alone to be ! true ,god1 to ! exclusion ( ! ,son & ,holy ,gho/4 ,_m ( ! fa!rs adopt ano!r int]pretation ( ! v]se1 hold+ t ! ord] ( ! words is inv]t$1 & t ,div9ity is pr$icat$ ( bo? ! ,fa!r & ,*ri/4 ,!y und]/& ! v]se ?us3 t !y may "k ,!e & ,jesus ,*ri/ :om ,?\ ha/ s5t1 to be ! only true ,god4 ,s ,,ss4 ,aug41 ,amb41 ,hil41 ,greg4 ,naz41 ,a?an41 ,cyp4 ,! latt] int]pretation m cle>ly e/abli%es ,*ri/'s ,div9ity aga9/ ! ,arians2 b 9 any int]pretation x is cle> t ,*ri/ implies ,8 own ,div9ity1 s9ce ,he decl>es t ! k ( ,himself1 equally ) t ( ! ,fa!r1 is ! cause & pl$ge ( et]nal life4 ,he :o _h said3 8,i & ! ,fa!r are "o0 7,john x4 #cj71 & :o1 a few v]ses f>!r d[n 9 ?is pray]1 says to ! ,fa!r3 8,all my ?+s are ?9e1 & ?9e are m9e10 _c reasonably be suppos$ to )draw ,8 claims to ,div9ity 9 ! words be=e u4 ,"s ( ! fa!rs1 & _m ( ! s*ola/ics1 hold t !re is "q 9 v]se #c n ( ! k ( ,god ?r\gh fai?1 b ( ! k ( ! bless$ 9 heav52 & !y argue f ?is v]se to prove t ! ess5ce ( life et]nal consi/s 9 kn[+ ,god2 9 o!r words1 t ! happ9ess ( ! bless$ consi/s 9 an act ( ! intellect2 namely1 ! vision ( ,god47#ajh7 ,s9ce we believe t ! "q "h is ( ! k ( ,god ?r\gh fai?1 & n ?r\gh ! beatific vision1 we hold t no argum5t c be drawn f ?is v]se z to ! ess5ce ( ! happ9ess ( ! bless$4 #d4 ,ego te cl>ificavi sup] #d4 ,i h glorifi$ !e on t]ram3 opus consummavi1 quod ! e>?3 ,i h f9i%$ ! d$i/i mihi ut faciam3 "w :i* ?\ gave/ me to d3 #d4 ,"s und]/& ^! words z proleptic1 & take ! s5se to be3 ,i am ab\t to glorify ,!e by ,my dea?1 to f9i% ! "w ( r$emption :i* ?\ gave/ ,me to d4 ,o!rs und]/& ( ! "w ( prea*+1 :i* 0 n[ actually complet$1 & by :i* ! ,fa!r's "n & glory _h be5 manife/$ ^u ! e>?4 ,! latt] int]pretation seems to u ! m natural1 & m suit$ to ! context1 especially to v]se #f3 8,i h manife/$ ?y "n to ! m5 :om ?\ ha/ giv5 me out ( ! _w40 #e4 ,et nunc cl>ifica me tu1 #e4 ,& n[ glorify ?\ me1 ,o ,pat]1 apud temetipsum1 ,fa!r1 ) ?yself1 ) ! cl>itate1 quam habui1 prius glory :i* ,i _h1 be=e ! quam mundus esset1 apud te4 _w 01 ) !e4 #e4 ,9 return = ,8 hav+ giv5 glory to ! ,fa!r ^u ! e>?1 ,*ri/1 z man1 prays ! ,fa!r to glorify ,him 9 heav54 ,!re is a difficulty "h1 aris+ f ! fact t ,*ri/ seems to pray t ! glory :i* z ,god ,he possess$ f all et]nity may be giv5 to ,him z man4 ,n[1 ! glory ( ,god is incommunicable1 & ev5 ! bless$ humanity ( ,*ri/ is incapable ( p>tak+ fully !re(4 ,h5ce v>i\s int]pretations h be5 advanc$ 9 ord] to expla9 ?is difficulty3-- 7#a7 ,"s say t ,*ri/1 z man1 prays m]ely = t glory :i*1 9 ! decrees ( ,god1 0 giv5 to ,8 humanity f all et]nity4 ,b aga9/ ?is view is ! fact t ! fa!rs g5]ally quot$ ! latt] "p ( ?is v]se to prove ! et]nal exi/5ce & ,div9ity ( ,*ri/4 7#b7 ,h5ce o!rs1 & we believe rightly1 hold t 9 ! latt] "p ( ! v]se !re is "q ( ! ,div9e & et]nal glory ( ,*ri/1 & und]/& ,him to pray t ,8 humanity1 accord+ to its capacity1 may be made to p>take ( ! glory ( ! ,div9ity4 ,( c\rse1 ! humanity 0 incapable ( receiv+ ! inf9ite glory ( ! ,div9ity2 b ! glori\s qualities ( ,*ri/'s glorifi$ body are a p>ticipation1 accord+ to ! capacity ( ! body1 ( ! et]nal glory ( ! ,son4 8,da ut cl>itas et gloria quam ego ut ,deus ab aet]no tecum habeo1 communicetur et ext5datur usque ad c>nem meam1 quae propt] disp5sationem hact5us e/ susp5sa07#aji7 7,tolet47 #f4 ,manife/avi nom5 tuum #f4 ,i h manife/$ ?y "n hom9ibus1 quos d$i/i mihi to ! m5 :om ?\ ha/ de mundo4 ,tui erant1 et mihi giv5 me out ( ! _w4 eos d$i/i3 et s]monem tuum ,?9e !y 71 & to me s]vav]unt4 ?\ gave/ !m3 & !y h kept ?y ^w4 #f4 ,?is passage f v]se #fai ref]s prim>ily to ! ,apo/les1 z appe>s f v]ses #ab & #ah2 & ,*ri/ pray$ specially = !m because ,he 0 s5d+ !m into ! _w1 ! h]alds ( ,8 ,gospel 7v]se #ah71 ! f\ndations ^u :i* ,8 e>?ly k+dom 0 to be re>$ 7,eph4 ii4 #bj74 ,! s5se is3 ,i h manife/$ ,?y "n1 ,?y glory effectually 7,he _h manife/$ x to o!rs1 :o refus$ to believe7 to ^? :om ,?\ ha/ giv5 ,me to be ,my ,apo/les2 !y 7 ,?9e by election1 c4 ,9 ?is v]se1 z well z 9 v]ses #g & #h1 ! correct read+ is 7gave/71 n 7ha/ giv5747#aaj7 #g4 ,nunc cognov]unt quia #g4 ,n[ !y h kn[n t omnia1 quae d$i/i mihi3 abs all ?+s :i* ?\ ha/ te sunt3 giv5 me are f !e4 #h4 ,quia v]ba quae d$i/i #h4 ,because ! words :i* mihi1 d$i eis3 et ipsi ?\ gave/ me1 ,i h giv5 accep]unt1 et cognov]unt to !m3 & !y h v]e quia a te exivi1 et receiv$ !m1 & h kn[n cr$id]unt quia tu me 9 v de$ t ,i came out misi/i4 f !e1 & !y h believ$ t ?\ did/ s5d me4 #i4 ,ego pro eis rogo3 non pro #i4 ,i pray = !m3 ,i pray n mundo rogo1 s$ pro 8 quos = ! _w1 b = !m d$i/i mihi1 quia tui sunt3 :om ?\ ha/ giv5 me3 because !y are ?9e3 #i4 99,i pray = !m499 ,! pron\ns are emphatic4 ,= ^! m5 :o on s _m gr\nds are des]v+ ( ,?y grace & c>e1 d ,i1 to :om ,?\ gave/ !m1 ask4 ,b :at does ! ,savi\r ( ! _w mean by say+ t ,he does n pray = ! _w1 ,he :o on ! cross pray$ = ! v m5 t crucifi$ ,him3 8,fa!r1 =give !m1 = !y "k n :at !y d08 7,luke xxiii4 #cd74 ,"s reply t ,*ri/ speaks n ( suffici5t1 b ( efficaci\s pray]2 b ! true view is t ,he is speak+ only ( ?is p>ticul> pray]1 9 :i* ,he asks = ! ,apo/les :at ! _w 0 unfit & unwill+ to receive 7see v]ses #ac1 #ag1 #ah74 ,! fact1 !n1 t ,he prays 9 ?is pray]1 n = ! ,fa!r's enemies1 b = ^? :o belong to bo? ! ,fa!r & ,himself is put =w>d z a reason :y ,he ought to be he>d by ! ,fa!r4 99,because !y are ?9e499 ,^! words sum up ?is fir/ reason1 & we take !m z dep5d+ ^u ! phrase3 8,i pray = !m0 at ! comm5cem5t ( ! v]se4 #aj4 ,et mea omnia tua sunt3 et #aj4 ,& all my ?+s are tua mea sunt3 et cl>ificatus ?9e1 & ?9e are m9e3 & sum 9 eis4 ,i am glorifi$ 9 !m4 #aj4 99,& all my ?+s are ?9e1 & ?9e are m9e499 ,c\ld anyone b ,god address ,god s8 ,^! words seem to be ?r[n 9 to give a reason = ! /atem5t3 8!y are ?9e10 ! reason be+ t s9ce !y 7 ,*ri/'s 7! ,fa!r _h made !m ,*ri/'s71 !y mu/ be ! ,fa!r's also1 = 8all my ?+s are ?9e1 & ?9e are m9e40 ,! rema9+ words ( ?is v]se af=d a second reason :y ! ,fa!r ought to he> ,*ri/'s pray] = ! ,apo/les & wat* ov] !m1 because ,*ri/1 ?r\gh !m1 _h be5 glorifi$ be=e m51 z a tea*] is hon\r$ by disciples atta*+ !mselves to him4 ,or ! words3 8,i am glorifi$10 may possibly be proleptic1 & mean t ,*ri/ 0 to be glorifi$ aft]w>ds ?r\gh ! prea*+ ( ! ,apo/les4 #aa4 ,etiam non sum 9 mundo1 et #aa4 ,& n[ ,i am n 9 ! hi 9 mundo sunt1 et ego ad te _w1 & ^! are 9 ! v5io4 ,pat] sancte1 s]va eos _w1 & ,i come to !e4 9 nom9e tuo1 quos d$i/i ,holy ,fa!r1 keep !m 9 ?y mihi3 ut s9t unum1 sicut et "n1 :om ?\ ha/ giv5 me3 nos4 t !y may be "o1 z we also are4 #aa4 ,a ?ird reason :y !y ought n[ to receive ! ,fa!r's special c>e 0 because ,*ri/ 0 n[ leav+ !m1 & !y 7 to rema9 9 ! _w4 99,keep !m 9 ?y "n1 :om ?\ ha/ giv5 me499 ,! s5se ( ?is read+ is suffici5tly evid5t4 ,! be/support$ ,greek read+1 h[ev]1 is 7#aaa7 7n 71 be+ attract$ into ! dative case ( ! prec$+ n\n1 & /&+ = 4 ,! mo/ probable mean+ ( ?is ,greek read+ is3 keep !m 9 ! confession ( ,?y "n1 9 ! k ( ,!e1 :i* ,?\ ha/ giv5 to ,me1 & :i* ,i 9 turn h giv5 to !m2 t !y may be "o by a union ( fai? & *>ity resembl+1 ?\gh 9 an imp]fect way1 ! union betwe5 ! ,p]sons ( ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity4 #ab4 ,cum essem cum eis1 ego #ab4 ,:ile ,i 0 ) !m1 ,i s]vabam eos 9 nom9e tuo4 kept !m 9 ?y "n4 ,^? ,quos d$i/i mihi1 cu/odivi3 :om ?\ gave/ me h ,i et nemo ex eis p]iit1 nisi kept3 & none ( !m is filius p]ditionis1 ut lo/1 b ! son ( scriptura impleatur4 p]dition1 t ! scripture may be fulfill$4 #ab4 99,i kept !m499 ,9 ! orig9al1 ! imp]fect t5se br+s out m cle>ly ,*ri/'s cont9u\s c>e4 ,9 ?is v]se1 too1 !re is a diff]5ce ( op9ion z to :e!r or is ! correct read+1 b ! ,vulgate read+ is m /rongly support$ "h ?an 9 v]se #aa4 99,& none ( !m is lo/1 b ! son ( p]dition499 8,son ( p]dition0 is a ,hebraism1 signify+ "o devot$ to de/ruction1 z ,judas 01 ?r\gh 8 own fault4 ,none ( !m 0 lo/ 9 ei!r s\l or body except ,judas1 :o 0 already lo/ z to 8 s\l1 ?\gh n irrep>ably2 & :o 0 soon to be irrep>ably lo/ bo? z to s\l & body4 ,b ?is loss ( ,judas 0 n to be ascrib$ to ,*ri/1 b took place 9 ord] t 7see above on xii4 #cgdj7 ! ,scripture 7,ps4 xl4 #aj7 might be fulfill$4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ _h pr$ict$ ! ru9 ( ,judas1 because x 0 =ese5 t ?is w\ld c]ta9ly come ab\t ?r\gh ! wret*$ ,apo/le's own fault4 ,9 ! words3 8none ( !m is lo/10 we ?9k !re is "q ( bo? ! bodies & s\ls ( ! ,apo/les2 = :ile x is g5]ally admitt$ t ,*ri/ "h claims to h gu>d$ ! s\ls ( ! ,apo/les f spiritual ru91 ,john xviii4 #h1 #i1 seems to prove1 z we %all !re %[1 t 9 ! words be=e u ,*ri/ speaks ( hav+ gu>d$ f h>m _! bodies also4 #ac4 ,nunc autem ad te v5io3 et #ac4 ,& n[ ,i come to !e3 haec loquor 9 mundo1 ut & ^! ?+s ,i speak 9 habeant gaudium meum impletum ! _w1 t !y may h 9 semetipsis4 my joy fill$ 9 !mselves4 #ac4 99,^! ?+s99 we ref] to :at ,*ri/ _h already spok5 9 ! he>+ ( ! ,apo/les 9 ?is pray] to ! ,fa!r2 namely1 t ,he %\ld give !m life et]nal 7v]se #b72 t ,he %\ld be glorifi$ ) ! ,fa!r 7v]se #e72 & t 9 ,8 abs5ce ! ,fa!r w\ld wat* ov] !m1 & keep !m 9 ,8 "n 7v]se #aa74 99,t !y may h my joy fill$99 7made full7 999 !mselves994 8,my joy0 might mean ! joy !y _h receiv$ f ,*ri/1 or ! joy !y felt because ( ,*ri/2 b we ?9k ! mo/ probable & mo/ natural mean+ is3 t !y may h ! joy :i* ,i feel 9 go+ to ! ,fa!r1 made full 9 !mselves4 ,be=e ?is "t ,he _h said to !m3 8,if y lov$ ,me1 y w\ld inde$ be glad1 because ,i g to ! ,fa!r0 7xiv4 #bh72 & n[ ,he has spok5 9 ?is pray] ( ! glory :i* await$ ,him1 & ( ! c>e ( ! ,fa!r = ! ,apo/les1 9 ord] t !y may be reconcil$ to1 & fully rejoice 91 ,8 dep>ture to ! ,fa!r4 #ad4 ,ego d$i eis s]monem #ad4 ,i h giv5 !m ?y tuum1 et mundus eos odio ^w1 & ! _w ha? hat$ habuit1 quia non sunt de !m1 because !y are n ( mundo1 sicut et ego non sum de ! _w2 z ,i am n ( ! mundo4 _w4 #ad4 99,i h giv5 !m ?y ^w1 & ! _w ha? hat$ !m499 8,i0 77 is emphatic2 ,i1 ,?y ,son4 ,?is is a f\r? reason :y ! ,fa!r ought to wat* ov] & gu>d ! ,apo/les--! _w hat$ !m1 & ?is because !y _h receiv$ ! words ( ,*ri/1 :i* are ! words ( ! ,fa!r4 ,?\gh 9 ! _w1 ! ,apo/les 7 n ( ! _w1 n imbu$ ) its _s1 nor p&]+ to its ta/es4 #ae4 ,non rogo ut tollas eos de #ae4 ,i pray n t ?\ mundo1 s$ ut s]ves eos a %\ld/ take !m out ( ! malo4 _w1 b t ?\ %\ld/ keep !m f evil4 #ae4 99,f evil99 7 74 ,?is may ref] to ! evil ( ! wick$ _w :i* is s91 or to ! devil1 ! evil "o4 ,! p>allel passage 9 #a ,john v4 #ah1 #ai fav\rs ! latt] view4 ,^! words1 to :i* ! ,apo/les 7 li/5+1 gave !m to "k t !y mu/ n despair1 & wi% to quit ! _w :5 trials %\ld come2 b r1 rema9+ 9 ! _w1 keep !mselves unspott$ f its defilem5ts4 #af4 ,de mundo non sunt1 sicut #af4 ,!y are n ( ! _w3 et ego non sum de mundo4 z ,i also am n ( ! _w4 #af4 ,! la/ clause ( v]se #ad is repeat$ z ! gr\nd ( ano!r petition1 namely1 t ! ,fa!r may 8sanctify0 !m4 ,9 ord] to emphasize ! po9t 9 _! he>+1 & also z a motive :y ,god ought to he> ! petition t foll[s1 ! fact t ! ,apo/les are n m5 ( ! _w is repeat$ & insi/$ ^u by ,*ri/4 #ag4 ,sanctifica eos 9 #ag4 ,sanctify !m 9 tru?4 v]itate4 ,s]mo tuus v]itas ,?y ^w is tru?4 e/4 #ag4 99,9 ! tru?991 is ! correct read+2 n 89 ?y tru?10 nor 89 tru?40 ,! ^w 9 :i* !y are to be sanctifi$ is probably ! ^w ( ,god1 :i* ,*ri/ _h prea*$1 & :i* is ref]r$ to 9 ! end ( ! v]se3 8,?y ^w is tru?20 & n1 z ,mald4 holds1 ! real sanctification ( ! ,new ,law z oppos$ to ! typical & m]ely ext]nal sanctification by :i* ! prie/s ( ! ,old ,law 7 set ap>t = _! functions4 ,9 ! ,gospel1 !n1 & = ! prea*+ ( ! ,gospel ,*ri/ prays t ! ,apo/les may be sanctifi$4 ,b :at does ! ^w 8sanctify0 "h mean8 ,sometimes ! ^w signifies to make holy1 or to make m holy1 or to keep m holy 7#a ,cor4 vii4 #aa2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #bc72 at o!r times1 x means to set ap>t or de/9e = an (fice2 & 9 ?is s5se x is g5]ally us$ ?r\gh\t ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,bo? s5ses are probably comb9$ 9 ! ^w "h1 = x 0 by mak+ & keep+ !m holy t ! ,apo/les 7 to be efficaci\sly set ap>t by ! ,fa!r = ! sacr$ mission to :i* ,*ri/ _h already call$ !m4 #ah4 ,sicut tu me misi/i 9 #ah4 ,z ?\ ha/ s5t me into mundum1 et ego misi eos 9 ! _w1 ,i also h s5t mundum4 !m into ! _w4 #ah4 ,?is v]se %[s t ! sanctification is pray$ = especially ) a view to _! mission z ,apo/les4 99,h s5t99 7,greek 8did s5d07 is us$ proleptically1 = ! ,apo/les _h n yet receiv$ _! mission to ! ,g5tile _w4 ,see ,john xx4 #ba2 ,mat!w xxviii4 #ah1 #ai2 ,m>k xvi4 #ae4 #ai4 ,et pro eis ego sanctifico #ai4 ,& = !m d ,i sanctify meipsum3 ut s9t et ipsi myself3 t !y also may be sanctificati 9 v]itate4 sanctifi$ 9 tru?4 #ai4 99,& = !m d ,i sanctify myself499 ,/4 ,aug4 und]/&s ( ! sanctification :]e) ! ,son ( ,god sanctifi$ ! humanity ,he assum$4 8,qu&o ,v]bum c>o factum e/1 tunc sanctificavit se 9 se1 id e/ hom9em se 9 ,v]bo se1 quia unus ,*ri/us ,v]bum et homo3 propt] sua v]o membra dicit3 et pro eis ego sanctifico meipsum1 hoc e/1 ipsos 9 me1 quoniam 9 me etiam ipsi sunt et ego4 ,ut s9t et ipsi sanctificati 9 v]itate4 ,quid e/ #8et ipsi' nisi quemadmodum ego40 7,/4 ,aug4 9 loc474 ,b ! common op9ion is t ,*ri/ speaks ( ! sacrifice ( ,himself :i* ,he 0 ab\t to (f] a few h\rs aft]w>ds4 ,9 ?is view ! mean+ is3 & = !m d ,i set ,myself ap>t1 d ,i consecrate ,myself z a victim1 t !y may be truly & efficaci\sly set ap>t & consecrat$ = ! prea*+ ( ! ,gospel4 ,?us :ile ! ^w 8sanctify0 has 9 bo? clauses ! same g5]ic mean+ ( sett+ ap>t1 !re is yet a diff]5ce4 ,*ri/ sets ,himself ap>t1 devotes ,himself to dea?1 t !y may be consecrat$ 9 ! fulness ( grace = ! "w ( ! ,apo/le%ip4 ,*ri/ sets ,himself ap>t1 b ! ,apo/les are evid5tly to be set ap>t by ! ,fa!r2 t is to say1 effectually fitt$ by ! ,fa!r = ! "w to :i* ,*ri/ _h already call$ !m4 99,9 tru?499 7 74 ,! abs5ce ( ! ,greek article di/+ui%es ?is clause f t 9 v]se #ag4 ,!re ! "q is ( 8! tru?10 ! ^w ( ,god2 "h 89 tru?10 seems to be equival5t to truly1 really--t !y also may be truly sanctifi$4 ,comp>e #b ,john #a2 #c ,john #a4 #bj4 ,non pro eis autem rogo #bj4 ,& n = !m only d ,i tantum1 s$ et pro eis qui pray1 b = !m also :o cr$ituri sunt p] v]bum ?r\gh _! ^w %all eorum 9 me3 believe 9 me3 #bj4 ,in/ead ( 99%all believe99 ! m probable ,greek read+ has ! pres5t t5se1 z if ,*ri/ look$ ^u ! ,*ur* ( ! future z actually pres5t4 ,he n[ prays n alone = ! ,apo/les1 b = all :o %\ld believe ?r\gh _! prea*+4 ,!re is direct ref]5ce to ! ,apo/les & _! conv]ts1 b ! pray] ( ,*ri/ includ$ ! successors ( bo?4 #ba4 ,ut omnes unum s9t1 sicut #ba4 ,t !y all may be "o1 tu ,pat] 9 me1 et ego 9 te1 z ?\1 ,fa!r1 9 me1 & ,i ut et ipsi 9 nobis unum s9t3 9 !e3 t !y also may be ut cr$at mundus quia tu me "o 9 u3 t ! _w may misi/i4 believe t ?\ ha/ s5t me4 #ba4 ,! unity ( ! fai?ful _c1 ( c\rse1 equal ! unity ( nature 9 ! ,p]sons ( ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity2 b s9ce x is "h comp>$ ) ! latt]1 we are ju/ifi$ 9 conclud+ t x is z p]fect z possible2 & h5ce a unity ( intellect ?r\gh fai?1 ( w ?r\gh *>ity1 & ( gov]nm5t ?r\gh ! due subord9ation ( ! diff]5t memb]s4 ,su* a moral miracle z ?is unity implies1 mu/ suppose a pr9ciple ( unity 9 ! ,*ur*2 t is to say1 a tea*+ & rul+ au?ority by :i* ?is m>vell\s unity is ,div9ely secur$4 ,! words 99,t ! _w may believe t ?\ ha/ s5t me99 %[ t ?is unity 0 to be a note ( ! true ,*ur*1 po9t+ x out ev5 to ! wick$ _w z ! ,*ur* ( ,god4 #bb4 ,et ego cl>itatem quam #bb4 ,& ! glory :i* ?\ d$i/i mihi1 d$i eis3 ut ha/ giv5 me1 ,i h giv5 to s9t unum1 sicut et nos unum !m3 t !y may be "o1 z sumus4 we also are "o4 #bb4 99,& ! glory :i* ?\ ha/ giv5 me1 ,i h 9999 giv5 to !m499 ,"s und]/& 8! glory0 "h m5tion$ to be ! gift ( work+ miracles2 o!rs1 ! glory ab\t to be enjoy$ by ,*ri/'s humanity1 :i* is to be %>$ 9 by all ! fai?ful aft] ! day ( judgm5t2 o!rs1 ! glori\s privilege ( ,div9e filiation :i* makes ! fai?ful ! adopt$ sons1 z ,*ri/ 0 ! natural ,son1 ( ,god2 o!rs1 9 f9e1 ! glory ( ! ,div9ity :i* ,*ri/ _h j %>$ ) ! ,apo/les t night1 & :i* ,he 0 to %>e ) all ! fai?ful 9 future1 9 giv+ !m ,8 own glori\s & ,div9e ,p]son 9 ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/4 ,we believe t ei!r ! ?ird or f\r? is ! correct op9ion4 ,b x is n easy to *oose betwe5 ^! two4 ,! ?ird is ! m obvi\s1 & is c]ta9ly v probable2 b 9 fav\r ( ! f\r? x mu/ be said x 0 v natural t ,*ri/ speak+ ( ! union ( ! fai?ful on ?is night :5 ,he _h in/itut$ ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 %\ld ref] to t wond]ful cause & pl$ge ( union :i* ,he _h j left to ! fai?ful 9 ! ,bless$ ,sacram5t3 8,= we1 be+ _m1 are "o bread1 "o body1 all t p>take7#aab7 ( "o bread0 7#a ,cor4 x4 #ag74 ,see also ,john vi4 #eg4 #bc4 ,ego 9 eis1 et tu 9 me3 #bc4 ,i 9 !m1 & ?\ 9 me3 ut s9t consummati 9 unum3 et t !y may be made p]fect cognoscat mundus1 quia tu me 9 "o2 & ! _w may "k misi/i1 et dilexi/i eos1 t ?\ ha/ s5t me1 & sicut et me dilexi/i4 ha/ lov$ !m z ?\ ha/ also lov$ me4 #bc4 99,i 9 !m1 & ?\ 9 me499 ,?is clause is 9 apposition to ! la/ clause ( ! prec$+ v]se3 8t !y may be "o1 z we also are "o10 & expla9s h[ ! union !re spok5 ( is effect$1 namely1 by ! pres5ce ( ,*ri/ 9 ! fai?ful4 #bd4 ,pat]1 quos d$i/i mihi1 #bd4 ,fa!r1 ,i w t :]e volo ut ubi sum ego1 et illi ,i am1 !y also :om ?\ ha/ s9t mecum3 ut videant giv5 me may be ) me3 t cl>itatem meam1 quam d$i/i !y may see my glory :i* mihi1 quia dilexi/i me ante ?\ ha/ giv5 me1 because con/itutionem mundi4 ?\ ha/ lov$ me be=e ! creation ( ! _w4 #bd4 ,"h1 too1 z 9 v]ses #aa1 #ab1 "s ( ! critics read ! neut] pron\n 7t :i*7 in/ead ( 7!y :om74 ,! ,vulgate read+ is at lea/ equally probable4 ,hav+ pray$ 9 v]ses #bjba = all ! fai?ful1 ,*ri/ n[ cont9ues ,8 pray] = ! ,apo/les1 z a comp>ison ( ?is v]se ) v]ses #aa & #ab proves4 ,& ?is1 ,8 la/ petition = !m1 is1 t !y may "o day be made p>tak]s ( t glory :i* ,he z ,god enjoy$ et]nally1 & into :i* z man ,he 0 to ent] at ,8 asc5sion4 99,t !y may see my glory992 t is to say1 see & enjoy ! glory ( ,my ,div9ity 7reflect$ also 9 ,my humanity2 see above on v]se #e74 ,we believe !re is n "q m]ely ( ! glory ( ,*ri/'s humanity1 = ,he seems to pray "h t ! ,apo/les may enjoy ! bliss ( heav51 :i* does n consi/ 9 ! vision ( ,*ri/'s humanity1 b 9 ! vision & enjoym5t ( ! ,div9ity4 ,if ?is is ! correct view1 & we ?9k1 ) ,a ,lap41 t x is1 !n ?is glory 0 giv5 f all et]nity to ! ,son4 ,! words3 99,because ?\ ha/ lov$ me991 d n1 9 ?is view1 /ate ! cause ( ! communication ( ! et]nal glory ( ! ,fa!r to ! ,son4 ,see above on *apt] v41 v]se #bj4 ,if ! words be und]/ood1 z ,/4 ,aug4 und]/ood !m1 ( ,*ri/'s humanity1 !n ! mean+ is3 ,%>e ) ,my ,apo/les ! glory :i* ,?\ art ab\t to be/[ ^u ,me because f all et]nity ,?\ ha/ lov$ ,me1 & pr$e/9$ ,me z man = ?is glory4 ,9 ?is view ! love ( ! ,fa!r = ,*ri/ z man is ! reason :y ,he glorifies ,*ri/'s humanity4 ,! phrase 99be=e ! creation ( ! _w991 or m accurately1 8be=e ! f\ndation ( ! _w10 d5otes t ! _w is n et]nal2 :ile ,*ri/'s claim to h be5 lov$ by ! ,fa!r be=e creation1 is a claim to p]sonal exi/5ce be=e ! _w began1 & indirectly1 !re=e1 a claim to an et]nal ,p]sonality4 #be4 ,pat] iu/e1 mundus te non #be4 ,j ,fa!r1 ! _w cognovit3 ego autem te ha? n kn[n !e3 b ,i cognovi1 et hi cognov]unt h kn[n !e3 & ^! quia te me misi/i4 h kn[n1 t ?\ ha/ s5t me4 #bf4 ,et notum feci eis nom5 #bf4 ,& ,i h made kn[n ?y tuum1 et notum faciam3 ut "n to !m1 & w make x dilectio1 qua dilexi/i me1 9 kn[n2 t ! love :]e) ipsis sit1 et ego 9 ipsis4 ?\ ha/ lov$ me1 may be 9 !m1 & ,i 9 !m4 #be1 #bf4 ,^! v]ses give a reason :y ! ,fa!r :o is j1 & :o rew>ds man's m]its1 ev5 ?\gh ^! m]its are !mselves ! result ( ,8 grace1 ought to he> ,*ri/'s pray]4 ,! reason is1 because ,he :o prays _h kn[n & lov$ ! ,fa!r1 & !y = :om ,he prays _h kn[n & receiv$ ,himself z ! ,messias4 ,moreov]1 ,he _h made kn[n ! ,fa!r to !m1 & w\ld d s /ill m1 aft]w>ds1 ?r\gh ! ,holy ,gho/4 99,t ! love :]e) ?\ ha/ lov$ me1 may be 9 !m1 & ,i 9 !m499 ,"h ,he /ates ,8 object 9 mak+ kn[n ! ,fa!r's "n4 ,x 0 9 ord] t ! special love ( ! ,fa!r might ext5d to !m1 & t ,he ,himself might rema9 intimately unit$ to !m by ,8 grace1 & by ! pres5ce ( ! ,div9ity 9 _! s\ls4 ,) ^! beautiful & consol+ words1 :i* bespoke ! special love ( ! ,fa!r = ! ,apo/les1 & ,8 own endur+ pres5ce ) !m not)/&+ ,8 dep>ture1 ,*ri/ concludes ?is sublime pray] to ,8 et]nal ,fa!r4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 #ag4 99,jesus retires to ! ,g>d5 ( ,ge?semani1 :]e1 hav+ be5 betray$ by ,judas1 ,he freely deliv]s ,himself up1 aft] ,he _h fir/ %[n ,8 almighty p[]1 by ca/+ ,8 enemies to ! gr\nd499 #haa4 99,he reque/s t ! ,apo/les be all[$ to dep>t unmole/$1 & =bids ,pet] to def5d ,him ) ! sword499 #abad4 99,he is seiz$1 b\nd1 & l$ be=e ,annas499 #aebg4 99,he is l$ be=e ,caiphas1 foll[$ by ,pet] & ,john1 & :ile be+ exam9$ !re1 is ?rice d5i$ by ,pet]499 #bhch4 99,he is l$ be=e ,pilate1 ! ,roman ,gov]nor1 & exam9$ by him499 #cidj4 99,pilate attempts to release ,jesus1 b ! cr[d calls = ! release ( ,b>abbas499 #a4 ,haec cum dixisset ,iesus1 #a4 ,:5 ,jesus _h said ^! egressus e/ cum discipulis ?+s1 he w5t =? ) 8 suis trans torr5tem ,c$ron1 disciples ov] ! brook ubi erat hortus 9 quem ,c$ron1 :]e !re 0 a introivit ipse1 et discipuli g>d51 into :i* he ent]$ eius4 ) 8 disciples4 #a4 ,hav+ f9i%$ ,8 la/ disc\rses to ! ,apo/les1 & ,8 pray] to ! ,fa!r1 ,jesus accompani$ by ! ,apo/les n[ proce$s t[>ds ,m\nt ,olivet 7,matt xxvi4 #cf2 ,m>k xiv4 #cb71 cross+ ! brook ( ,c$ron on ,8 way4 ,z we /at$ already1 we believe t ! disc\rse 7xv4 #axvi4 #cc7 & ! pray] aft] ! ,la/ ,supp] 7 n spok5 :ile ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les pass$ along1 b at "s po9t ( re/ ei!r outside ! ,supp]room or along ! way4 ,see above on xiv4 #ca4 ,nor are we to suppose f ! words ( ?is v]se1 8,he w5t =?10 t x 0 only n[ ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les left ! ,supp]room4 ,z we rem>k$ already1 _h ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les n left ! ,supp]room :5 ,he gave ! ^w to d s 7xiv4 #ca71 ,/4 ,john w\ld v probably h not$ ! fact1 & add$ "s ^w ( explanation4 ,9 ! v]se be=e u1 !n1 !re is n "q ( go+ =? f ! ,supp]room b ( go+ =? f ! city4 ,comp4 ,mat!w xxvi4 #cj1 #cf2 ,m>k xiv4 #bf1 #cb4 99,ov] ! brook ,c$ron499 ,_m au?orities read 8ov] ! brook ( ! c$>s0 7 74 99,:]e !re 0 a g>d5499 ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k say t ,he came to 8an enclos$ piece ( gr\nd0 771 call$ ,ge?semani4 8,ge?semani--1 7ga?7 a w9epress1 & 7%em57 oil--0 ! spot :]e ! pr$iction ( ,isaias 0 fulfill$3 #8,i h trodd5 ! w9e press alone' 7,isaias lxviii4 #c74 ,a mod]n g>d51 enclos$ by a wall1 9 :i* are "s old olivetrees1 said to date f ! "t ( ,*ri/1 is n[ po9t$ out z ! ,g>d5 ( ,ge?semani4 ,x is on ! left bank ( ! ,k$ron1 ab\t sev5 hundr$ & ?irty feet f ! ea/ wall ( ! city1 & imm$iately s\? ( ! road1 f ,/4 ,/eph5's ,gate to ! summit ( ,olivet 4444 ,?is g>d5 is1 !re is little reason to d\bt1 ! spot allud$ to by ,eusebius1 :5 he says 7,o4 ,s41 #b1 pp4 #bdh1 #ah7 t #8,ge?semane 0 at ! foot ( ! ,m\nt ( ,olives1 & 0 !n a place ( pray] = ! fai?ful' 0 7,smi?'s ,b4 ,d41 sub voc74 ,! ,c$ron is a small w9t]fl[+ 77 /ream1 :i* passes ?r\gh ! rav9e bel[ ! ea/]n wall ( ,j]usalem1 & sep>ates ! ,m\nt ( ,olives f ! ,temple m\nt4 ,= m5tion ( x 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t see #c ,k+s ii4 #cg2 xv4 #ac2 #d ,k+s xxi4 ii4 #d2 ,j]4 xxxi4 #dj4 ,/4 ,john passes ov] ! hi/ory ( ! pray] 9 ! g>d51 ( ! appe>ance ( ! angel to /r5g!n ,*ri/1 & ( ! sweat ( blood1 because all ?is _h be5 already record$ by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s4 7,matt4 xxvi4 #chdd2 ,m>k xiv4 #cddj2 ,luke xxii4 #djdd47 #b4 ,sciebat autem et ,iudas qui #b4 ,& ,judas also1 :o tradebat eum1 locum3 quia betray$ him1 knew ! place3 frequ5t] ,iesus conv5]ant because ,jesus _h (t5 illuc cum discipulis suis4 resort$ ?i!r toge!r ) 8 disciples4 #b4 99,:o betray$ him499 ,9 ! orig9al ! pres5t p>ticiple m>ks ! process ( betrayal z go+ on4 99,jesus _h (t5 resort$ ?i!r ) 8 disciples499 ,! orig9al might be r5d]$ m exactly 8,jesus & 7)7 8 disciples (t5 assembl$ !re40 ,we "k f ,/4 ,luke xxi4 #cg1 t our ,"l on ! occasion ( ?is la/ visit to ,j]usalem 0 9 ! habit ( sp5d+ ,8 nights on ,m\nt ,olivet1 & ! same ,evangeli/ tells u t1 on ?is occasion aft] ! ,la/ ,supp]1 8go+ out he w5t accord+ to 8 cu/om to ! ,m\nt ( ,olives0 7,luke xxii4 #ci74 #c4 ,iudas ergo cum accepisset #c4 ,judas !re=e hav+ cohortem1 et a pontificibus et receiv$ a b& ( soldi]s1 ph>isaeis m9i/ros1 v5it & s]vants f ! *ief illuc cum lat]nis1 et prie/s & ! ,ph>isees1 facibus1 et armis4 come? ?i!r ) lant]ns & tor*es & weapons4 #c4 99,a b& ( soldi]s499 ,if 8! b&0 "h means a :ole cohort1 x 0 ! t5? "p ( a ,roman legion1 & conta9$ ab\t six hundr$ infantry1 ) ?irty cavalry4 ,! words ( ?is v]se1 z well z ! pres5ce ( ! 8tribune0 7v]se #ab71 :o 0 ! comm&] ( a cohort1 ju/ify ! belief t a :ole cohort 0 pres5t on ?is occasion4 ,v likely ! au?orities 7 afraid t a /ronglysupport$ attempt might be made to save or rescue ,*ri/ f !m4 ,?is l>ge body ( soldi]s1 /r5g!n$ by s]vants or (fic]s ( ! temple 77 :o 7 s5t by ! *iefprie/s & ,ph>isees1 came furni%$ ) arms & lights4 ,z x 0 n[ full moon1 ?is be+ ! night ( ! #ad? ( ! lun> mon? ,nisan1 x might seem t ! lights 7 unnecess>y1 b probably ! g>d5 0 consid]ably %ad$ by trees1 & no d\bt x 0 fe>$ t ,jesus might try to hide 9 "s d>k nook or lurk b5ea? ! %rubs or trees4 #d4 ,iesus itaque sci5s omnia #d4 ,jesus !re=e kn[+ all quae v5tura erant sup] eum1 ?+s t %\ld come ^u processit1 et dixit eis3 ,quem him1 w5t =?1 & said to qua]itis8 !m3 ,:om seek ye8 #d4 ,*ri/'s =ekn[l$ge is po9t$ out1 bo? to prove ,8 ,div9ity1 & to %[ ,8 read9ess to suff]4 ,=1 ?\gh aw>e ( ! suff]+s ,he 0 to endure1 ,he did n seek to escape f !m4 ,he :o _h be=e )drawn f ,8 enemies 7viii4 #ei2 xii4 #cf1 c471 n[ t ,8 h\r 0 come1 w5t =? 7f ! enclosure ( ! g>d57 to meet !m4 ,we le>n f ,/4 ,luke 7xxii4 #dg7 t ,judas prec$$ ! soldi]s1 & gave ! traitor's kiss to ,jesus1 ?us m>k+ ,him out z ! p]son to be arre/$4 ,we le>n too f ,/4 ,mat!w 7xxvi4 #ej71 t ,jesus address$ ! traitor1 ev5 9 ?is h\r ( infamy z ,8 fri5d3 8,fri5d1 :]eto art ?\ come80 & f ,/4 ,luke 7xxii4 #dh71 t ,he address$ to him ! pa!tic words3 8,judas1 do/ ?\ betray ! ,son ( ,man ) a kiss80 ,aft] meekly receiv+ ! kiss f ! wret*$ ,apo/le1 ,jesus address$ ! cr[d4 #e4 ,respond]unt ei3 ,iesum #e4 ,!y answ]$ him3 ,jesus ( ,naz>5um4 ,dicit eis ,iesus3 ,naz>e?4 ,jesus sai? to !m3 ,ego sum4 ,/abat autem et ,iudas ,i am he4 ,& ,judas also1 :o qui tradebat eum1 cum ipsis4 betray$ him1 /ood ) !m4 #f4 ,ut ergo dixit eis1 ,ego sum1 #f4 ,z soon !re=e z he _h abi]unt retrorsum1 et said to !m3 ,i am he3 !y cecid]unt 9 t]ram4 w5t backw>d1 & fell to ! gr\nd4 #e1 #f4 ,if our view is correct1 t ! traitor's kiss _h prec$$ ,*ri/'s "q3 8,:om seek ye80 !n x w\ld seem t ! soldi]s 7 )held by ,div9e p[] f at once ru%+ on ,jesus2 & 9 ord] to visibly prove ,8 p[] & ,8 ability to escape f !m if ,he wi%$1 !y 7 /rick5 to ! gr\nd4 ,?is pro/ration ( ,*ri/'s enemies _c be expla9$ on natural gr\nds4 #g4 ,it]um ergo int]rogavit #g4 ,aga9 !re=e he ask$ eos3 ,quem qua]itis8 ,illi !m3 ,:om seek ye8 ,& !y autem dix]unt3 ,iesum said3 ,jesus ( ,naz>e?4 ,naz>5um4 #h4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,dixi vobis #h4 ,jesus answ]$1 ,i h told quia ego sum3 si ergo me y1 t ,i am he4 ,if qua]itis1 s9ite hos abire4 !re=e y seek me1 let ^! g _! way4 #h4 99,let ^! g _! way499 ,! mean+ obvi\sly is1 d n arre/ or mole/ ^! ,my disciples4 #i4 ,ut impl]etur s]mo quem #i4 ,t ! ^w might be dixit2 ,quia quos d$i/i mihi1 fulfill$1 :i* he said3 ,( non p]didi ex eis quemquam4 !m :om ?\ ha/ giv5 me1 ,i h n lo/ any "o4 #i4 ,! ,evangeli/ sees 9 ,*ri/'s c>e = ! safety ( ! disciples on ?is occasion a fulfilm5t ( ,8 words record$ 9 xvii4 #ab4 ,x is true ^? words z spok5 seem to ref] only to ! "t !n pa/1 b z ,*ri/ !n knew t ,he w\ld cont9ue to gu>d ! ,apo/les f dang] dur+ ! few h\rs ( ,8 life t rema9$1 ,he meant ! words to express ,8 c>e = ! ,apo/les up to ! mom5t ( ,8 dea?1 & !re=e on ?is occasion at ,ge?semani4 ,8 pres5t action 01 accord+ly1 "o fulfilm5t ( :at is record$ 9 xvii4 #ab4 ,we believe t ,*ri/'s c>e = ! ,apo/les 9 ! pres5t in/ance reg>d$ _! bodies z well z _! s\ls4 ,t x reg>d$ _! bodies1 may be fairly conclud$ f ,8 words3 8let ^! g _! way20 & t x reg>d$ _! s\ls is cle> f ! consid]ation t if arre/$ n[ !y w\ld probably h fall5 into s9 by d5y+ ,him4 #aj4 ,simon ergo ,petrus hab5s #aj4 ,!n ,simon ,pet] hav+ a gladium eduxit eum3 et sword1 drew x2 & /ruck ! p]cussit pontificis s]vum3 s]vant ( ! highprie/1 et abscidit auriculam eius & cut (f 8 "r e>4 ,& dext]am4 ,erat autem nom5 ! "n ( ! s]vant 0 s]vo ,mal*us4 ,mal*us4 #aj4 ,! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s m]ely say t "o ( ^? :o 7 ) ,jesus /ruck ! s]vant ( ! highprie/1 b ,/4 ,john tells u t ?is "o 0 ,pet]4 ,! ,synopti/s may h suppress$ ,pet]'s "n ?r\gh fe> ( inconv5i5t consequ5ces to him1 b n[ t ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,apo/les 0 dead1 !re 0 no fur!r reason = su* concealm5t4 ,we _c say :e!r any o!r motive ?an a desire = hi/oric complet5ess prompt$ ,/4 ,john to give1 z he does1 ! s]vant's "n z well z ,pet]'s4 #aa4 ,dixit ergo ,iesus ,petro3 #aa4 ,jesus !re=e said to ,mitte gladium tuum 9 vag9am4 ,pet]3 ,put up ?y sword into ,calicem1 quem d$it mihi ! scabb>d4 ,! *alice ,pat]1 non bibam illum8 :i* my ,fa!r ha? giv5 me1 %all ,i n dr9k x8 #aa4 99,put up ?y sword into ! scabb>d499 ,! words are giv5 m fully by ,/4 ,matt4 7xxvi4 #eb1 ff74 99,! *alice 444 %all ,i n dr9k x899 ,9 ,matt4 xxvi4 #ci1 we read t on ?is same night1 & 9 ,ge?semani1 be=e ! arrival ( ,judas1 ,*ri/ _h pray$3 8,fa!r1 if x be possible1 let ?is *alice pass f me20 b n[1 s9ce x 0 n to pass1 ,he accepts x will+ly4 #ab4 ,cohors ergo1 et tribunus #ab4 ,!n ! b& & ! et m9i/ri ,iudaeorum tribune1 & ! s]vants ( compreh5d]unt ,iesum1 et ! ,jews1 took ,jesus1 & ligav]unt eum3 b\nd him3 #ab4 ,! 99tribune99 0 ! comm&] ( ! cohort4 1 /rictly tak51 means ! comm&] ( "o ?\s& m54 ,see above on v]se #c4 #ac4 ,et addux]unt eum ad ,annam #ac4 ,& !y l$ him away to primum3 erat enim soc] ,annas fir/1 = he 0 ,caiphae1 qui erat pontifex fa!r9law to ,caiphas1 :o anni illius4 0 highprie/ ( t ye>4 #ac4 ,?is j\rney to ,annas is m5tion$ only by ,/4 ,john4 ,annas1 ?\gh n ! actual highprie/1 0 ! head ( ! ,sanh$rim1 & a man ( great au?ority among ! ,jews 7see above on xi4 #di71 & s ,jesus 0 br\ght be=e him 9 ! fir/ in/ance4 #ad4 ,erat autem ,caiphas1 qui #ad4 ,n[ ,caiphas 0 he :o _h consilium d$]at ,iudaeis3 giv5 ! c\nsel to ! ,jews1 ,quia exp$it1 unum hom9em t x 0 exp$i5t t "o mori pro populo4 man %\ld die = ! p4 #ae4 ,sequebatur autem ,iesum #ae4 ,& ,simon ,pet] foll[$ ,simon ,petrus1 et alias ,jesus1 & s did ano!r discipulus4 ,discipulus autem disciple4 ,& t disciple ille erat notus pontifici1 et 0 kn[n to ! highprie/1 introivit cum ,iesu 9 atrium & w5t 9 ) ,jesus into pontificis4 ! c\rt ( ! highprie/4 #ae4 ,! o!r disciple 0 almo/ c]ta9ly our ,evangeli/ himself 7see ,introd4 ,i4 ,b4 #b72 & ! fact t he 0 kn[n to ! highprie/ makes x probable t he belong$ to a family ( "s importance4 ,b :o is ! highprie/ into ^: c\rt ,pet] & ,john foll[$ ,jesus8 ,is x ,caiphas t is meant1 or ,annas8 ,"s ?9k ! ref]5ce is to ,annas1 :o1 x mu/ be admitt$1 is call$ 8highprie/0 by ,/4 ,luke 7,luke iii4 #b2 ,acts iv4 #f71 & to :om x has j be5 /at$1 9 v]se #ac1 t ,jesus 0 l$4 ,b z our ,evangeli/ has j /at$ 9 v]se #ac1 z he also does 9 xi4 #di1 t ,caiphas 0 highprie/ = t ye>1 we pref] to hold t ! 8highprie/0 "h ref]r$ to is n ,annas1 b ,caiphas4 ,we hold1 !n1 t :at is record$ by ,/4 ,john 9 ?is passage 7v]ses #aebc7 took place 9 ! c\rt ( ,caiphas1 aft] ,jesus _h be5 l$ ?i!r f ,annas1 & t v]se #bd3 8,annas 7_h7 s5t10 c41 is add$ by ,/4 ,john to gu>d ! read] aga9/ suppos+ t :at is record$ 9 v]ses #aebc took place at ! h\se ( ,annas4 ,/4 ,cyril ( ,alex&ria1 & a few ,greek & ,syrian ,,mss4 read v]se #bd betwe5 v]ses #ac & #ad4 ,9 ?is view ! acc\nt ( ,/4 ,john h>monizes at once ) ! ,synoptic ,gospels1 :i* repres5t ,/4 ,pet]'s fir/ d5ial1 record$ 9 v]se #ag "h1 z tak+ place 9 ! c\rt ( ,caiphas4 ,_m comm5tators ( note1 su* z ,patrizzi among ,ca?olics1 & ,al=d among ,prote/ants1 reconcile ,/4 ,john's acc\nt ) t ( ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s 9 ano!r way4 ,!y hold t ! ev5ts record$ 9 v]ses #aebc took place :5 ,jesus 0 br\ght be=e ,annas2 b z ,caiphas & ,annas occupi$ an (ficial resid5ce 9 common1 or z ,annas 01 p]haps1 ! gue/ ( ,caiphas1 8 son9law1 on ?is night ( ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 ?\gh x 0 ,annas :o exam9$ ,*ri/1 z record$ by ,/4 ,john 7v]ses #ajbc71 yet x 0 to ! c\rt ( ,caiphas1 or ! common c\rt atta*$ to ! h\se ( ,annas & ,caiphas1 t ,jesus ent]$ 7v]se #ae72 & !re1 too1 ,/4 ,pet] d5i$ ,8 ,ma/] = ! fir/ "t4 ,9 any ( ! above op9ions1 ,/4 ,john agrees ) ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s1 t ! place ( ,/4 ,pet]'s fir/ d5ial 0 ! c\rt ( ,caiphas3 b 9 ! second op9ion1 ! 8high prie/0 ( v]se #ai is ,annas1 n ,caiphas4 ,see ,patriz41 ,lib] ii4 ,adnot4 clxxvii4 ,f ,/4 ,mat!w 7xxvi4 #ei7 & ,/4 ,m>k 7xiv4 #ee7 we le>n t ,caiphas 0 n alone on ?is occasion4 ,! :ole ,sanh$rim 0 pres5t2 b z ! case 0 an important "o1 ?is body _h to meet aga9 =mally aft] daydawn1 to f9ally decide x4 ,see bel[ on v]se #bh4 #af4 ,petrus autem /abat ad #af4 ,b ,pet] /ood at ! o/ium =is4 ,exivit ergo door )\t4 ,! o!r discipulus alius qui erat disciple !re=e :o 0 notus pontifici1 et dixit kn[n to ! highprie/1 w5t o/i>iae3 et introduxit out1 & spoke to ! ,petrum4 portress1 & br\ght 9 ,pet]4 #af4 99,b ,pet] /ood99 70 /&+7 99at ! door )\t994 8,an ori5tal h\se is usually built r\nd a quadrangul> int]ior c\rt2 into :i* !re is a passage 7sometimes ar*$7 ?r\gh ! front "p ( ! h\se1 clos$ next ! /reet by a heavy fold+ gate1 ) a small wicket = s+le p]sons1 kept by a port]4 ,9 ! text1 ! int]ior c\rt1 (t5 pav$ or flagg$1 & op5 to ! sky1 is ! 1 :]e ! att5dants made a fire2 & ! passage1 b5ea? ! front ( ! h\se1 f ! /reet to ?is c\rt is ! 7,m>k xiv4 #fh71 or 7,matt4 xxvi4 #ga74 ,! place :]e ,jesus /ood be=e ! highprie/ may h be5 an op5 room or place ( audi5ce on ! gr\ndfloor1 rais$ some:at above ! c\rt 7,m>k xiv4 #ff7 9 ! re> or on "o side ( ! c\rt2 su* rooms1 op5 9 front1 be+ cu/om>y0 7,rob9son1 ,notes to ,h>mony74 #ag4 ,dicit ergo ,petro ancilla #ag4 ,! maid !re=e t o/i>ia3 ,numquid et tu ex 0 portress1 sai? to ,pet]3 discipulis es hom9is i/ius8 ,art n ?\ also "o ( ?is ,dicit ille3 ,non sum4 man's disciples8 ,he sai?3 ,i am n4 #ag4 ,x w be conv5i5t to treat ( ! ?ree d5ials by ,pet] 7v]ses #ag1 #bebg7 toge!r4 ,_m ,rationali/ & ,prote/ant comm5tators h alleg$ t x is impossible to h>monize ! diff]5t acc\nts ( ^! d5ials4 ,we hope to %[1 h[ev]1 t !re is little difficulty 9 h>moniz+ !m4 ,to ?is end we w\ld draw att5tion1 ) ,dean ,al=d17#aac7 to ! foll[+ po9ts3-- 8,9 ! fir/ place1 we are n b\nd to require accordance 444 9 ! recognition ( ,pet] by diff]5t p]sons4 ,^! may h be5 _m on ea* occasion ( d5ial1 & indep5d5t n>rators may h fix$ on diff]5t ones among !m40 8,secondly1 no read] 444 w require t ! actual words spok5 by ,pet] %\ld 9 ea* case be id5tically report$40 ,9 support ( ?is view1 ,al=d ref]s to ! rem>ks ( ,/4 ,augu/9e on ! words3 8,dom9e1 salva nos1 p]imus0 7,matt4 viii4 #be74 8,:at matt]s x10 says ,/4 ,aug41 ref]r+ to ! diff]5t v]sions ( ! words giv5 by ! ,evangeli/s1 8:e!r ! disciples1 9 call+ on ! ,"l1 really us$ "o or ano!r ( ^? ?ree expressions1 or "s o!r1 n record$ by any ( ! ,evangeli/s1 diff]+ f all ^? t are record$1 b /ill giv+ ! s5se1 t ^? :o call$ ^u ,him 7 p]i%+1 & call$ on ,him to save !m40 8,?irdly1 ,i d n see t we are oblig$ to limit ! n>rative to ?ree s5t5ces f ,pet]'s m\?1 & no m4 ,on ?ree occasions dur+ ! night he 0 recognis$1 on ?ree occasions he 0 a d5i] ( 8 ,"l3 su* a /atem5t may well embrace reit]at$ expressions ( recognition1 & reit]at$ & importunate d5ials on ea* occasion40 8,& ^? rem>ks be+ tak5 into acc\nt1 ,i premise t all difficulty is remov$1 ! result+ inf]5ce be+ t ! n>ratives are g5u9e1 tru?ful acc\nts ( facts und]ly+ !m all40 ,simil>ly1 ,patrizzi3--8,consid]>e etiam juvat1 ut ea difficultas quam quidam 9 hac hi/oria esse putant1 quod alt] ,evangeli/a ait ,petrum a muli]e1 alt] a viro1 hic ab uno1 ille a pluribus1 fuisse int]rogatum1 9 specie quidem gravis1 re tam5 ipsa propemodum nulla sit2 ex 8 enim nihil aliud consequitur1 nisi1 non unum1 s$ plures1 sive simul1 sive alium po/ alios1 ,petrum esse p]contatos1 hunc autem1 nisi multis ac repetitis int]rogationibus adactum non respondisse1 quod apprime v]i simile e/1 imo vix dubit&um de hoc =et1 etiamsi ex evangeliis id m9ime collig]etur0 7,lib4 ii4 ,adnot4 clxxviii47 ,t ! read] may apply ^! pr9ciples1 & conv9ce himself z to _! suffici5cy1 we quote f ,dr4 ,wal%'s ,h>mony ( ! ,gospel ,n>ratives1 a tabulat$ /atem5t sugge/+ ! *ief po9ts to be att5d$ to 9 ! f\r ,gospel acc\nts4 #a/ ,d5ial3 ,,/4 ,,mat!w43 ,!re came to him a maid s]vant3 8,?\ also wa/ ) ,jesus ! ,galilean40 8,i "k n :at ?\ saye/40 ,,/4 ,,m>k43 ,!re come? to him "o ( ! maid s]vants3 8,?\ also wa/ ) ,jesus ( ,naz>e?40 8,i nei!r "k nor und]/& :at ?\ saye/40 ,,/4 ,,luke43 ,!re came a c]ta9 maid s]vant3 8,?is man 0 also ) him40 8,woman1 ,i "k him n40 ,,/4 ,,john43 ,& ! maid t 0 portress said to ,pet]3 8,art n ?\ also "o ( ?is man's disciples80 8,i am n40 #bnd ,d5ial3 ,,/4 ,,mat!w43 ,z he w5t out to ! ve/ibule1 ano!r maid saw him1 & %e sai? to !m t 7 !re3 8,?is man also 0 ) ,jesus ( ,naz>e?40 ,he d5i$ ) an oa?3 8,i d n "k ! man40 ,,/4 ,,m>k43 ,& ! maid s]vant see+ him1 began to say to ! /&]s by3 8,?is is "o ( !m40 ,he d5i$ aga94 ,,/4 ,,luke43 ,& ano!r 7,alius7 says3 8,?\ also art "o ( !m40 8,o man1 ,i am n40 ,,/4 ,,john43 ,pet] 0 /&+ & w>m+ himself2 & !y said to him3 8,art n ?\ also "o ( 8 disciples80 8,i am n40 #crd ,d5ial3 ,,/4 ,,mat!w43 ,!y t /ood by said3 8,surely ?\ also art "o ( !m2 = ev5 ?y spee* do? discov] !e40 ,he began to curse & swe> t he knew n ! man4 ,,/4 ,,m>k43 ,!y t /ood by said3 8,surely ?\ art "o ( !m2 = ?\ also art a ,galilean40 ,he began to curse & swe>1 say+3 8,i "k n ?is man ( :om y speak40 ,,/4 ,,luke43 ,ano!r man said3 8,surely ?is man 0 ) him1 = he is a ,galilean40 8,man1 ,i "k n :at ?\ saye/40 ,,/4 ,,john43 ,"o ( ! s]vants ( ! high prie/ sai?3 8,did ,i n see !e 9 ! g>d5 ) him80 ,pet] !n d5i$ aga94 ,?us1 x is pla9 t !re is no difficulty 9 reg>d to ! fir/ d5ial1 :e!r we suppose t ,/4 ,pet] made use ( ! diff]5t expressions attribut$ to him1 or1 z seems m probable 9 reg>d to ?is fir/ occasion1 us$ only "o expression1 :i* is sub/antially report$ by ! f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,9 reg>d to ! second d5ial x is to be not$-- 7a7 ,t accord+ to ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k ! maid does n address h]self to ,pet]1 b to ^? :o 7 ar\nd2 s t !re is no difficulty :5 we le>n f ,/4 ,luke t ,pet] 0 address$ by a man 7alius7 on ! occasion4 7b7 ,/4 ,mat!w1 9 ! acc\nt ( ?is d5ial1 speaks ( a diff]5t maid f h] :o br\ght ab\t ! fir/ d5ial4 ,/4 ,m>k seems to speak ( ! same maid1 = he has 7xiv4 #fi71 :i* w\ld seem to ref] to ! maid already m5tion$4 ,!re is no?+ improbable1 h[ev]1 9 suppos+ t two maids spoke to ^? ar\nd on ! occasion ( ! second d5ial4 7c7 ,z to ! place ( ! second d5ial1 ,/4 ,john says t x occurr$ :ile 8,pet] 0 /&+ & w>m+ himself10 :ile ,/4 ,mat!w says x occurr$ 8z he w5t out to ! ve/ibule10 or m correctly1 accord+ to ! ,greek1 8aft] he _h gone out0 77 into ! ve/ibule4 ,b aga9 we may readily expla9 by say+ t on ?is occasion ,pet] 0 *all5g$ 9 bo? places1 & d5i$ 9 bo?4 ,9 reg>d to ! ?ird d5ial1 ! reason giv51 9 ,/4 ,john1 by ! highprie/'s s]vant1 = id5tify+ ,pet] z a foll[] ( ,jesus1 is diff]5t f t giv5 9 ! o!r ,evangeli/s2 b !re is no difficulty 9 suppos+ t sev]al diff]5t reasons 7 giv5 by diff]5t p]sons4 #ah4 ,/abant autem s]vi et #ah4 ,n[ ! s]vants & m9i/ri ad prunas1 quia m9i/]s /ood at a fire ( frigus erat1 et calefaciebant coals1 because x 0 cold1 se3 erat autem cum eis et & w>m$ !mselves4 ,& ,petrus /ans1 et calefaci5s ) !m 0 ,pet] also se4 /&+1 w>m+ himself4 #ah4 ,we are n to connect ?is v]se ) ! prec$+1 z if x indicat$ t ,pet] 0 /&+ dur+ ! fir/ d5ial4 ,we "k f ,/4 ,mat!w 7xxvi4 #fi2 ,comp4 ,m>k xiv4 #ed2 ,luke xxii4 #ee7 t he 0 sitt+1 & f ,/4 ,m>k 7xiv4 #fh7 t aft] ! fir/ d5ial he w5t out into ! passage or ve/ibule 7 74 ,h5ce :at ,/4 ,john says "h is to be und]/ood 9 ref]5ce to a "t betwe5 ! fir/ & second d5ial4 ,! ,greek "h is some:at diff]5t f ! ,vulgate4 ,x w\ld be r5d]$3 8,n[ ! s]vants & ! (fic]s 7 /&+1 hav+ made a fire ( *>coal1 = x 0 cold1 & !y 7 w>m+ !mselves10 c4 ,! ,roman soldi]s _h1 d\btless1 gone back to _! qu>t]s 9 ! ca/le ( ,antonia1 close to ! ,temple2 & h5ce we f9d m5tion "h ( only ! s]vants ( ! highprie/ & ! ,temple gu>ds4 #ai4 ,pontifex ergo int]rogavit #ai4 ,! highprie/ !re=e ,iesum de discipulis suis1 et ask$ ,jesus ( 8 disciples1 de doctr9a eius4 & ( 8 doctr9e4 #ai4 ,meantime1 :ile ,pet] 0 d5y+ ,him 9 ! c\rt1 ,jesus 0 be+ exam9$ by ! highprie/ 9 a room or hall ( ! h\se ( ,caiphas4 ,see above on v]se #af4 ,z we h said already1 we believe t ,caiphas is ! 8highprie/0 "h ref]r$ to2 s t ,/4 ,john "h supplem5ts ! acc\nt giv5 by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s ( ! prelim9>y trial1 be=e ,caiphas 7,matt1 xxvi #eifh2 ,m>k xiv4 #eefe2 ,luke xxii4 #edfc74 ,f ! o!r ,evangeli/s we le>n t _m false witnesses n[ appe>$ aga9/ ,jesus2 b ! inquiry reg>d+ ,8 disciples & doctr9e "h record$ by ,/4 ,john is m5tion$ by no o!r ,evangeli/4 ,! inquiry reg>d+ ,*ri/'s disciples 0 probably int5d$ to f9d out :e!r ,he _h collect$ ^! foll[]s ar\nd ,him ) any s$iti\s or unlawful object2 & t reg>d+ ,8 doctr9e 9 ! hope ( convict+ ,him f ,8 own m\? ( blasphemy4 ,lat] on 9 ?is trial1 z we le>n f ,,ss4 ,matt4 & ,m>k1 !y did condemn ,him ( blasphemy1 & judge ,him des]v+ ( dea?4 #bj4 ,respondit ei ,iesus3 ,ego #bj4 ,jesus answ]$ him3 ,i h palam locutus sum mundo3 ego spok5 op5ly to ! _w3 ,i semp] docui 9 synagoga1 et h always taught 9 ! 9 templo1 quo omnes ,iudaei synagogue1 & 9 ! temple1 conv5iunt3 et 9 occulto :i!r all ! ,jews resort2 locutus sum nihil4 & 9 secret ,i h spok5 no?+4 #bj4 ,jesus makes no reply reg>d+ ,8 disciples1 because x 0 suffici5tly pla9 t !y foll[$ ,him f no unwor?y motive1 b = sake ( ,8 doctr9e & its fruits4 ,( ,8 doctr9e1 !re=e ,he speaks4 ,b s9ce ,he1 ( all tea*]s 7! twicerepeat$ is 9 ea* in/ance emphatic7 _h taught publicly1 & no?+ 9 private t 0 diff]5t f ,8 public tea*+ 7or ! mean+ may be1 no?+ t ,he tri$ to hide71 ,he ref]s 8 int]rogator to ^? :o _h he>d ,him1 z _! te/imony ought naturally to be s\ght r ?an ,8 9 a matt] t s intimately conc]n$ ,himself4 #ba4 ,quid me int]rogas8 #ba4 ,:y aske/ ?\ me8 ask int]roga eos qui audi]unt !m :o h he>d :at ,i quid locutus sim ipsis8 ecce h spok5 unto !m3 behold hi sciunt quae dix]im ego4 !y "k :at ?+s ,i h said4 #ba4 99,behold !y99 7^!1 7 99"k :at ?+s ,i h said994 ,"s ?9k t ,*ri/ "h ref]r$1 p]haps po9t$1 to ! ,prie/s & ,ph>isees ar\nd him1 or to ! cr[d 9 ! c\rt outside2 = we "k f ,/4 ,luke 7xxii4 #fa7 t ^? outside 9 ! c\rt 7 visible f ! hall :]e ,*ri/ 0 be+ exam9$4 ,x may be1 h[ev]1 t ref]s simply to all & any :o _h at any "t he>d ,8 doctr9e4 #bb4 ,haec autem cum dixisset1 #bb4 ,& :5 he _h said ^! unus assi/5s m9i/rorum ?+s1 "o ( ! s]vants d$it alapam ,iesu1 dic5s3 ,sic /&+ by gave ,jesus a bl[1 respondes pontifici8 say+3 ,answ]e/ ?\ ! highprie/ s8 #bb4 99,a bl[499 8,alapa0 is a bl[ on ! e>2 b ! ,greek ^w 77 signifies any bl[ ) ! op5 h& or ) a rod or /ick4 ,! bl[ 0 giv5 by "o ( ! ,temple gu>ds4 #bc4 ,respondit ei ,iesus3 ,si #bc4 ,jesus answ]$ him3 ,if ,i male locutus sum1 te/imonium h spok5 evil1 give p]hibe de malo3 si autem te/imony ( ! evil3 b if b5e1 quid me ca$is8 well1 :y /rike/ ?\ me8 #bc4 99,if ,i h spok599 7r1 spoke7 99evil994 ,x is n cle> :e!r ! ref]5ce is to ! words j utt]$ 9 reply to ! highprie/ 7v]se #ba71 or to ! g5]al tea*+ ( ,*ri/4 ,! use ( ! aori/ "h1 j z 9 v]ses #bj & #ba1 is 9 fav\r ( ! latt] view4 ,we h "h an example ( ,*ri/'s meekness & pati5ce 9 v try+ circum/ances1 a practical application ( ! words conta9$ 9 ,matt4 v4 #ci4 #bd4 ,et misit eum ,annas ligatum #bd4 ,& ,annas s5t him b\nd ad ,caipham pontificem4 to ,caiphas ! highprie/4 #bd4 8,et0 is n g5u9e2 ! true read+ is 1 8,jesus1 !re=e1 _h s5t him10 c47#aad7 ,we take x t ?is is add$ by ,/4 ,john to signify t ,jesus _h be5 already s5t to ,caiphas be=e ! ev5ts record$ 9 v]ses #aebc4 8,misit0 ought1 !n1 to be 8mis]at10 a s5se :i* ! ,aori/ admits4 ,comp>e1 = ?is s5se ( ! aori/1 ,john iv4 #de1 #df2 xi4 #cj2 xiii4 #ab2 xix4 #bc4 #be4 ,erat autem ,simon ,petrus #be4 ,& ,simon ,pet] 0 /ans1 et calefaci5s se4 /&+1 & w>m+ himself4 ,dix]unt ergo ei3 ,numquid et ,!y said !re=e to him3 tu ex discipulis eius es8 ,art n ?\ also "o ( 8 ,negavit ille1 et dixit3 ,non disciples8 ,he d5i$ x1 & sum4 said3 ,i am n4 #bf4 ,dicit ei unus ex s]vis #bf4 ,"o ( ! s]vants ( ! pontificis1 cognatus eius1 highprie/ 7a k9sman to him cuius abscidit ,petrus ^: e> ,pet] cut (f7 sai? auriculam3 ,nonne ego te vidi to him3 ,did ,i n see !e 9 9 horto cum illo8 ! g>d5 ) him8 #be1 #bf4 ,"h we h ,/4 ,john's acc\nt ( ,pet]'s second & ?ird d5ial4 ,see above on v]se #ag4 ,we le>n f ,/4 ,luke t ! ?ird d5ial took place ab\t an h\r aft] ! second4 #bg4 ,it]um ergo negavit #bg4 ,aga9 !re=e ,pet] ,petrus3 et /atim gallus d5i$3 & imm$iately ! cantavit4 cock crew4 #bg4 ,f ,/4 ,m>k1 :o1 be+ a disciple ( ,/4 ,pet]1 g5]ally records m m9utely ! incid5ts connect$ ) ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,apo/les1 we le>n t ! cock crew aft] ,/4 ,pet]'s fir/ d5ial1 z well z aft] ! ?ird4 ,b1 z we expla9$ on xiii4 #ch1 ! second cr[+1 :i* took place aft] ! ?ird d5ial1 occurr$ at ! "t ord9>ily kn[n z cockcr[1 & to x ,/4 ,john ref]s "h4 #bh4 ,adducunt ergo ,iesum a #bh4 ,!n !y l$ ,jesus f ,caipha 9 praetorium4 ,erat ,caiphas to ! gov]nor's autem mane3 et ipsi non hall4 ,& x 0 morn+3 & introi]unt 9 praetorium1 ut !y w5t n into ! hall1 non contam9>5tur1 s$ ut t !y might n be m&uc>5t pas*a4 defil$1 b t !y might eat ! pas*4 #bh4 ,! ,evangeli/ "h passes ov] mu* t _h already be5 record$ by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s4 ,f !m we le>n t ,*ri/1 at ?is midnight meet+ be=e ! ,c\ncil1 0 accus$ by false witnesses1 convict$ ( blasphemy1 & judg$ des]v+ ( dea? 7,matt4 xxvi4 #ff2 ,m>k xiv4 #fd74 ,!n he 0 app>5tly giv5 ov] to ! *>ge ( ! s]vants ( ! highprie/1 0 spat ^u & /ruck ) ! clos$ fi/ 7colaphis7 7,mat4 xxvi4 #fg71 & ) ! op5 h& or a /ick 772 &1 be+ bl9dfold$1 0 mock+ly ask$ to tell :o x 0 t /ruck him4 ,?us ,he rema9$1 p]haps1 till daybreak17#aae7 mock$ & abus$ by ! s]vants2 ?\gh "s ?9k t = a "p ( ! "t ,he 0 put into prison4 ,!n :5 morn+ 0 come1 ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s tell u t ,jesus 0 aga9 br\ght be=e ! ,sanh$rim1 :i* almo/ at once decid$ to h& him ov] to ,pilate = puni%m5t4 8,f ,luke 7z also1 he might h add$1 f ,matt4 xxvii4 #a2 ,m>k xv4 #a7 we le>n t ! night c\ncil _h be5 dissolv$ & t e>ly aga91 9 ! morn+ ( ! la/ day ( our ,"l's life1 ano!r m solemn assembly 7r ! same assembly7 0 summon$1 at :i* all ! *iefprie/s & eld]s & scribes assi/$1 ! subject ( discussion be+ urg5t & mo/ important4 ,x 01 besides1 a wise ,jewi% maxim t legal proce$+s especially 9 capital cases %\ld be conduct$ 9 ! light ( day1 & n 9 ! d>kness ( night0 7,m',c>?y on ,/4 ,matt4 xxvii4 #a74 ,x 0 aft] ?is morn+ c\ncil t ,jesus 0 b\nd 7,matt4 xxvii4 #b2 ,m>k xv4 #a7 & l$ be=e ,pilate1 z ,/4 ,john "h n>rates4 ,at ?is po9t1 :5 ! ,"l 0 br\ght be=e ,pilate1 & ,8 dea? n[ seem$ c]ta91 ,judas1 t\*$ ) remorse1 b n ) true rep5tance1 br\ght back ! bloodmoney to ! prie/s1 & flung x 9 ! temple2 !n 9 despair w5t & hang$ himself 7,matt4 xxvii4 #ce74 99,!n !y l$ ,jesus499 ,! true read+ is3 8!y lead ,jesus !re=e40 ,t is to say1 9 accordance ) _! det]m9ation to put ,*ri/ to to dea?1 a det]m9ation ( :i* we are in=m$ by ,/4 ,mat!w 7xxvii4 #a71 !y br+ ,him be=e ! repres5tative ( ,roman au?ority to h ! s5t5ce ( dea? confirm$4 ,see bel[ on v]se #bi4 99,& !y w5t n into 9999 ! hall99 7r1 ! gov]nor's resid5ce1 47 ,! ,roman ,gov]nors ord9>ily dwelt at ,caes>ea1 on ! sea coa/2 b at ! m important ,jewi% fe/ivals !y resid$ 9 ,j]usalem1 = ! purpose ( prev5t+ or repress+1 if necess>y1 any upris+ ( ! ,jewi% p aga9/ ,roman au?ority 7,josephus1 ,bell4 ,jud41 ii4 #ad1 #c74 ,:5 9 ,j]usalem1 !y usually occupi$ ! palace ( ,h]od ! ,great on ,m\nt ,sion4 ,a tradition z old z ! f\r? c5tury1 h[ev]1 /ates t on ?is occasion ,pilate 0 /ay+ 9 ! ca/le ( ,antonia1 beside ! temple on ,m\nt ,moria4 99,& x 0 morn+99 774 ,j z a condemnation to dea? at night 0 te*nically illegal accord+ to ,jewi% law1 s a ,roman c\rt c\ld n be held till aft] sunrise4 ,x is likely t ! sun 0 n long ris5 on ?is morn+ till ! ,jews 9 _! eag]ness appe>$ ) _! prison] at ! resid5ce ( ,pilate4 ,! t]m is1 9 fact1 us$ 9 ,/4 ,m>k xiii4 #ce1 = ! f\r? wat* ( ! night4 99,t !y might n be defil$1 b t !y might eat ! pas*499 ,9 our note on xiii4 #a we held t ! ,jews1 z well z our ,"l1 sacrific$ ! ,pas*al lamb on ,?ursday ev5+1 & eat x t night2 & h5ce we hold t 8! ,pas*0 "h ref]r$ to1 :i* on ?is ,friday morn+ 0 /ill to be eat51 0 n ! ,pas*al lamb4 ,_h !re be5 "q ( ! ,pas*al ,supp] prop]1 !n su* a defilem5t z t contract$ by ent]+ ! h\se ( a ,g5tile w\ld n h prev5t$ ! ,jews f p>tak+ ( ! supp]2 = x w\ld appe> f ,lev4 xv4 #e1 :]e !re is "q ( a defilem5t app>5tly z s]i\s z t :i* w\ld be contract$ f ent]+ ! h\se ( a ,g5tile1 t su* defilem5t cont9u$ only 8until ! ev5+10 &1 !re=e1 c\ld n be a h9drance to p>ticipation 9 ! ,pas*al ,supp]1 :i* 0 eat5 aft] ! ev5+1 & :5 ! next ,jewi% day _h begun47#aaf7 ,!re is "q1 !n1 ( "s ( ! o!r ,pas*al sacrifices :i* 7 p>tak5 ( dur+ ! sev5 days ( ! ,pas*al fea/ 7,deut4 xvi4 #b1 #c2 #b ,p>al4 xxx4 #bb71 p]haps ( ! special sacrifice kn[n z ! ,*agigah 7747#aag7 ,f su* a sacrifice1 eat51 z we le>n f ! ,mi%na 9 ! note bel[1 n only at night1 b also dur+ ! day1 a defilem5t contract$ 9 ! morn+ w\ld exclude4 ,9 view ( ! anxiety ( ! ,jews to avoid ! legal defilem5t incurr$ by ent]+ a h\se f :i* all leav5 _h n be5 remov$1 "o _c help wond]+1 ) ,/4 ,augu/9e1 at _! bl9d hypocrisy3 8,o impia et /ulta caecitas3 habitaculo videlicet contam9>5tur ali5o1 et non contam9>5tur scel]e proprio60 #bi4 ,exivit ergo ,pilatus ad eos #bi4 ,pilate !re=e w5t out =as1 et dixit3 ,quam to !m1 & said3 ,:at accusationem aff]tis adv]sus accusation br+ y aga9/ hom9em hunc8 ?is man8 #cj4 ,respond]unt1 et dix]unt #cj4 ,!y answ]$ & said to ei3 ,si non esset hic him3 ,if he 7 n a malefactor1 non tibi malefactor1 we w\ld n h tradidissemus eum4 deliv]$ him up to !e4 #ca4 ,dixit ergo eis ,pilatus3 #ca4 ,pilate !re=e said to ,accipite eum vos1 et secundum !m3 ,take him y1 & judge legem ve/ram iudicate eum4 him accord+ to y\r law4 ,! ,dix]unt ergo ei ,iudaei3 ,nobis ,jews !re=e said to him3 ,x non licet int]fic]e is n lawful = u to put quemquam4 any man to dea?4 #bica4 ,z !y ent]$ n1 ,pilate1 n[ fir/ m5tion$ by ,/4 ,john1 w5t out to !m & ask$3 99,:at accusation br+ y aga9/ ?is man899 ,x is v likely he _h already le>n$ some?+ ( ! nature ( ! accusation1 ei!r on ! prec$+ night :5 ! ,roman soldi]s 7 requir$ = ,ge?semani1 or j n[ be=e com+ out ( 8 h\se1 b he w\ld naturally wi% to h x made =mally4 ,!y1 hav+ already pron\nc$ ,jesus des]v+ ( dea?1 & hav+ br\ght ,him to ,pilate m]ely to h ! s5t5ce ( dea? pron\nc$ & execut$ )\t any =mality ( trial1 are indignant at ! ,roman's "q1 & reply z 9 v]se #cj3 8,if he 7 n a malefactor1 we w\ld n h deliv]$ him up to !e40 ,pilate1 wi%+ to %ift f himself responsibility = ,*ri/'s dea?1 bids ! ,jews to take ,him1 & judge ,him accord+ to _! own law4 ,?is !y decl9$ to d1 alleg+ z a reason t ! ,romans _h tak5 away f ! ,jews ! p[] to puni% by dea?4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 m]ely an evasion1 = !y knew ?or\ghly t ,pilate's p]mission 9 ! pres5t case 0 suffici5t w>rant = _! action1 ev5 if !y put ,jesus to dea?4 ,b ! motive ( ! ,jewi% lead]s 0 to make ! responsibility = ,8 dea?1 9 ! eyes ( ! ,jewi% p1 re/ ^u ! ,romans4 #cb4 ,ut s]mo ,iesu impl]etur #cb4 ,t ! ^w ( ,jesus quem dixit1 significans qua might be fulfill$ :i* he morte esset moriturus4 said1 signify+ :at dea? he %\ld die4 #cb4 99,t ! ^w ( ,jesus might be fulfill$499 ,! refusal ( ! ,jews to judge ,jesus accord+ to _! own law came to pass1 adds ,/4 ,john1 t ! ^w ( ,jesus might be fulfill$1 9 :i* ,he _h =etold t ,he %\ld die ! dea? ( ! cross 7,john iii4 #ad2 xii4 #cbcd2 ,matt4 xx4 #ai74 ,_h ,he be5 puni%$ accord+ to ,jewi% law1 hav+ be5 judg$ a blasphem]1 ,he %\ld h be5 /on$ to dea?1 accord+ to ,levit4 xxiv4 #ad3 8,br+ =? ! blasphem] )\t ! camp1 & let !m t he>d him put _! h&s ^u 8 head1 & let all ! p /one him40 #cc4 ,introivit ergo it]um 9 #cc4 ,pilate !re=e w5t into praetorium ,pilatus1 et vocavit ! hall aga91 & call$ ,iesum1 et dixit ei3 ,tu es rex ,jesus1 & said to him3 ,art ,iudaeorum8 ?\ ! k+ ( ! ,jews8 #cc4 ,x 0 probably at ?is po9t1 aft] !y _h refus$ to judge ,jesus accord+ to _! own law1 & :5 !y saw t ,pilate 0 n at once proce$+ to condemn ,him1 t ! ,jews br\ght =w>d ^? ?ree di/9ct *>ges aga9/ ,him1 :i* ,/4 ,luke records3 8,we h f\nd ?is man p]v]t+ our nation1 & =bidd+ to give tribute to ,caes>1 & say+ t ,he is ,*ri/ ! k+0 7,luke xxiii4 #b74 ,^u ?is1 ,pilate return$ into ! h\se1 _h ,jesus call$ 97#aah71 & que/ion$ ,him on ! ?ird c\nt 9 ! indictm5t j br\ght aga9/ ,him4 ,! pret5sion ( any ,jew to be ! ,k+ ( ,pale/9e 0 a po9t :i*1 z que/ion+ ! sov]eignty ( ,rome1 a ,roman gov]nor 0 b\nd to look to4 ,pilate1 !re=e1 ask$ ,him3 99,art ?\ ! ,k+ ( ! ,jews899 ,! words may mean ei!r1 8,art ?\ ,he :o has j n[ become notori\s "u ?is title80 or1 8,do/ ?\ claim ! title1 z x is said80 ,! title itself w\ld be likely to arre/ ,pilate's att5tion1 :e!r he _h he>d x spok5 ( be=e 9 connection ) ! entry into ,j]usalem or only n[ f ! ,jews4 ,& fur!r1 he w\ld rightly conclude t ! title1 :5 ?us put =w>d1 w\ld be fitt$ to call out any fanaticism :i* !re might be 9 a political en?usia/4 ,9 ea* ( ! f\r ,gospels1 ! fir/ words ( ,pilate to ,jesus are ! same3 8,art ?\ ! ,k+ ( ! ,jews80 7,matt4 xxvii4 #aa2 ,m>k xv4 #b2 ,luke xxiii4 #c74 8,! =m ( ! s5t5ce 7 7 sugge/s a feel+ ( surprise 9 ! que/ion]3 #8,art ?\1 poor1 & b\nd1 & we>i$1 ! ! ,k+ ( :om m5 h spok58' ,comp4 iv4 #ab40 ,we/c4 9 ,speak]'s ,comm5t>y4 #cd4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,a #cd4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,saye/ temetipso hoc dicis1 an alii ?\ ?is ?+ ( ?yself1 or dix]unt tibi de me8 h o!rs told x !e ( me8 #cd4 ,to ,pilate's "q1 ,*ri/ replies3 ,saye/ ?\ ?is ( ?yself1 f ?y own k or suspicion ( ,my hav+ tak5 "p 9 s$iti\s practices1 or is x m]ely because ( :at o!rs1 ?r\gh envy & jeal\sy1 h n[ told !e ( ,me8 ,^! words 71 d\btless1 int5d$ to rem9d ,pilate t1 al?\gh ,gov]nor ( ,judea dur+ all ! "t ( ,*ri/'s public life 7,luke iii4 #a71 he _h no reason f 8 own p]sonal k to f9d fault ) ,jesus4 ,h5ce1 he ought to suspect ! *>ges t _h be5 made4 #ce4 ,respondit ,pilatus3 ,numquid #ce4 ,pilate answ]$3 ,am ,i a ego ,iudaeus sum8 ,g5s tua et ,jew8 ,?y own nation & ! pontifices tradid]unt te *ief prie/s h deliv]$ mihi3 quid feci/i8 !e up to me3 :at ha/ ?\ done8 #ce4 ,pilate impati5tly replies1 signify+ t z he 0 n a ,jew1 he might easily be ignorant ( ,*ri/'s guilt1 :ile x w\ld be well kn[n to ,*ri/'s c\ntrym5 :o n[ accus$ ,him4 #cf4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,regnum #cf4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,my k+dom meum non e/ de hoc mundo3 si is n ( ?is _w4 ,if my ex hoc mundo esset regnum k+dom 7 ( ?is _w1 my meum1 m9i/ri mei utique s]vants w\ld c]ta9ly dec]t>5t ut non trad]] /rive t ,i %\ld n be ,iudaeis3 ,nunc autem regnum deliv]$ to ! ,jews3 b n[ meum non e/ h9c4 my k+dom is n f h5ce4 #cf4 ,9 response to ,pilate's "q3 8,:at ha/ ?\ done80 ,jesus proce$s to expla9 t ,8 is n t mighty temporal k+dom = :i* ! ,jews _h hop$1 & :i* ! ,romans might well fe>2 if x 71 ,8 foll[]s w\ld surely h /riv5 t ,he %\ld n be deliv]$ to ! ,jews2 b 9 tru? x 0 n a temporal k+dom4 99,my k+dom is n f h5ce992 i4e4 is n ( ?is _w1 n a temporal k+dom4 ,9 ?is _w x 01 & is2 b ( ?is _w x is n4 ,see xvii4 #ae1 #af4 #cg4 ,dixit itaque et ,pilatus3 #cg4 ,pilate !re=e said to ,ergo rex es tu8 ,respondit him3 ,art ?\ a k+ !n8 ,iesus3 ,tu dicis quia rex sum ,jesus answ]$3 ,?\ saye/ ego4 ,ego 9 hoc natus sum1 et t ,i am a k+4 ,= ?is 0 ad hoc v5i 9 mundum1 ut ,i born1 & = ?is came ,i te/imonium p]hibeam into ! _w3 t ,i %\ld v]itati3 omnis qui e/ ex give te/imony to ! tru?4 v]itate1 audit vocem meam4 ,e "o t is ( ! tru?1 he>e? my voice4 #cg4 99,art ?\ a k+ !n899 ,pilate ask$2 to :i* ,jesus repli$3 8,?\ saye/ x0 7,matt41 ,m>k1 ,luke72 or1 z "h1 8,?\ saye/ t ,i am a k+107#aai7 mean+ ?\ saye/ truly1 :at is ! fact4 ,t ?is is ! s5se ( ! phrase1 see ,matt4 xxvi4 #fd1 & comp>e ) ,m>k xiv4 #fa4 ,!n1 hav+ made ?is admission1 ,jesus at once proce$s to po9t out ! spiritual "* ( ! k+dom :i* ,he _h come to e/abli%4 ,t k+dom is ,8 ,*ur*1 :i* 0 e/abli%$1 n amid ! cla% ( arms or d9 ( battle1 b by ! prea*+ ( ! tru?1 & to :i* all belong1 :e!r ,jew or ,roman1 :o he> ! tru?4 #ch4 ,dicit et ,pilatus3 ,quid e/ #ch4 ,pilate sai? to him3 ,:at ,v]itas8 ,et cum hoc dixisset1 is tru?8 ,& :5 he said it]um exivit ad ,iudaeos1 et ?is he w5t out aga9 to ! dicit eis3 ,ego nullam inv5io ,jews1 & sai? to !m3 ,i 9 eo causam4 f9d no cause 9 him4 #ch4 ,at ! m5tion ( 8! tru?10 ,pilate asks3 99,:at is tru?899 71 )\t ! article74 ,! "q 0 n ask$ = in=mation1 = ,pilate w5t out )\t wait+ = an answ]1 b impati5tly or sne]+ly1 z if he said3 8,yes1 b :at is tru?80 ,!n ,pilate w5t out aga9 to ! ,jews1 & told !m t he c\ld f9d 9 ,jesus no reason = condemn+ ,him4 ,!n x 01 probably1 t z ,/4 ,luke tells u3 8,!y 7 m e>ne/1 say+3 ,he /irre? up ! p1 tea*+ ?r\gh\t all ,judea1 beg9n+ f ,galilee to ?is place0 7,luke xxiii4 #e74 8,amid _! confus$ & passionate exclamation1 ! practis$ e> ( ,pilate caught ! "n ( #8,galilee1' & he und]/ood t ,galilee _h be5 ! *ief sc5e ( ! m9i/ry ( ,jesus4 ,eag] = a *ance ( dismiss+ a bus9ess ( :i* he 0 be/ pleas$ to be free1 he propos$1 by a ma/]/roke ( a/ute policy1 to get rid ( an emb>rass+ prison]1 to save himself f a disagreeable decision1 & to d an unexpect$ complaisancy to ! unfri5dly ,galilean tetr>*1 :o1 z usual1 _h come to ,j]usalem--nom9ally to keep ! ,passov]1 really to please 8 subjects1 & to enjoy ! s5sations & fe/ivities (f]$ at t season by ! d5selycr[d$ capital0 7,f>r>74 #ci4 ,e/ autem consuetudo #ci4 ,b y h a cu/om t vobis1 ut unum dimittam vobis ,i %\ld release "o unto y 9 pas*a3 vultis ergo at ! pas*3 w y dimittam vobis regem !re=e t ,i release unto ,iudaeorum8 y ! k+ ( ! ,jews8 #dj4 ,clamav]unt ergo rursum #dj4 ,!n cri$ !y all aga91 omnes dic5tes3 ,non hunc1 s$ say+3 ,n ?is man1 b ,b>abbam4 ,erat autem ,b>abbas ,b>abbas4 ,n[ ,b>abbas 0 a latro4 robb]4 #ci4 ,!n1 aft] ,h]od _h exam9$ & mock$ ,*ri/1 he s5t ,him back to ,pilate 7,luke xxiii4 #hab72 & n[ x 01 aft] ! return f ,h]od1 t ,pilate ?\ght ( releas+ ,jesus1 9 accordance ) 8 cu/om ( releas+ a prison] e ye> at ! fe/ival ( ! ,pas*4 99,w y1 !re=e1 t ,i release unto y ! k+ ( ! ,jews899 or z ,/4 ,matt4 has3 8,:om w y t ,i release to y2 ,b>abbas1 or ,jesus1 t is call$ ,*ri/80 7,matt4 xxvii4 #ag74 ,b>abbas1 z we le>n f ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s1 0 a 8notori\s prison]10 8:o 0 put 9 prison ) "s s$iti\s m51 :o1 9 ! s$ition1 _h committ$ murd]40 ,pilate hop$1 !re=e1 t ! release ( ,jesus r ?an ( a notori\s crim9al l ,b>abbas w\ld be call$ =4 ,b ! p1 in/igat$ by ! *iefprie/s & eld]s 7,matt4 xxvii4 #bj71 bl9dly call$ = ! release ( ,b>abbas4 99,a robb]499 771 "o :o appropriates ! goods ( ano!r by op5 viol5ce1 z oppos$ to ! ?ief 771 :o takes :at is n 8 own1 secretly & by fraud4 ,we h foll[$ ! view held by ,patrizzi & ! majority ( comm5tators1 t ,pilate on only "o occasion1 & aft] ! return f ,h]od1 propos$ our ,"l to ! ,jews z ! prison] to be releas$4 ,o!rs1 z ,fa!r ,col]idge & ,dr4 ,wal%1 hold t on two diff]5t occasions1 once be=e ! j\rney to ,h]od1 z record$ by ,/4 ,john1 & once aft]1 z record$ by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s1 ,*ri/ 0 propos$ by ,pilate z ! prison] to be releas$4 ,b we are n conv9c$ by ! reasons urg$ 9 fav\r ( ?is view4 ,x is argu$--7a7 f ! fact t 9 ,/4 ,john ! "q ( releas+ a prison] is fir/ m5tion$ by ,pilate1 :ile 9 ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s ! "q ( hav+ a prison] releas$ to !m is fir/ mov$ by ! p4 ,b we say1 9 reply1 t !re is no?+ 9 ! ,synoptic acc\nts :i* =bids u to suppose t ,pilate fir/ m5tion$ ! matt]1 z 9 ,/4 ,john3 8,y h a cu/om t ,i %\ld release "o unto y at ! ,pas*20 t !n !y call$ ^u him to obs]ve ! cu/om on t occasion1 & t he =?) put be=e !m ! *oice betwe5 ,jesus & ,b>abbas4 ,c]ta9ly ,/4 ,matt4 7xxvii4 #ag7 z well z ,/4 ,john repres5ts ,pilate z ! fir/ to ref] to ! matt]4 7b7 ,fa!r ,col]idge argues also f ! fact t ,pilate1 9 ,/4 ,matt41 says to ! ,jews3 8,:om w y t ,i release to y2 ,b>abbas1 or ,jesus1 t is call$ ,*ri/80 8,t he m5tions ,b>abbas along ) our ,"l10 says ,fa!r ,col]idge1 8c only be expla9$ by ! fact t1 z ,/4 ,john m5tions1 ,b>abbas _h be5 already call$ = by ! prie/s & cr[d1 :5 ,pilate _h1 = ! fir/ "t1 spok5 ( ! cu/om40 ,b x seems to u t ! m5tion ( ,b>abbas by ,pilate is suffici5tly expla9$ by ! fact :i* ,/4 ,mat!w himself _h j m5tion$ 9 ! prec$+ v]se1 t ,b>abbas 0 a 8notori\s prison]20 & h5ce 8 "n 0 m famili> to ,pilate ?an ! names ( ! o!r prison]s4 ,moreov] 8 wellkn[n guilt enc\rag$ ,pilate to hope t if ! *oice lay betwe5 him & ,jesus1 ! ,jews w\ld surely call = ! release ( our ,"l4 ,be=e quitt+ ?is *apt]1 x may be well to po9t out ! diff]5t tribunals1 be=e :i*1 z we h se51 ,jesus 0 l$ on ?is la/ night & morn+ ( ,8 mortal life4 7#a7 ,fir/1 !n1 ,he 0 l$ f ,ge?semane be=e ,annas4 7#b7 ,he 0 l$ be=e ,caiphas4 7#c7 ,:5 day dawn$1 ,he 0 l$ be=e ! ,sanh$rim4 7#d7 ,he 0 l$ be=e ,pilate4 7#e7 ,he 0 l$ be=e ,h]od ,antipas4 7#f7 ,on ,8 return f ,h]od1 ,he 0 aga9 l$ be=e ,pilate4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 #ae4 99,jesus is sc\rg$1 cr[n$ ) ?orns1 clo!d ) a purple g>m5t1 & mock+ly salut$ by ! soldi]s z ,k+ ( ! ,jews2 !n %[n to ! p499 #fg4 99,! p1 l$ on by ! ,prie/s & _! s]vants1 dem& ,*ri/'s dea?499 99#hab4 ,pilate becomes /ill m unwill+ to int]f]e ) ,jesus1 & aga9 exam9es ,him1 & makes kn[n 8 int5tion ( releas+ ,him499 #acaf4 99,!n ! ,jews *>ge him ) disloyalty to ! ,roman ,emp]or1 & at l5g? ,pilate gives way & deliv]s ,jesus to be crucifi$499 #agbb4 99,jesus is l$ to ,calv>y1 & crucifi$ betwe5 two robb]s499 #bcbd4 99,! soldi]s divide ,8 o!r g>m5ts among f\r ( !m1 b ca/ lots = ,8 tunic499 #bebg4 99,jesus gives ,john to ! ,bless$ ,virg9 z h] son1 & h] 9 turn to him z 8 "m499 #bhcj4 99,jesus1 hav+ p>tak5 ( ! v9eg> :i* 0 (f]$ to ,him 9 a soak$ sponge1 dies499 #cacg4 99,! legs ( ! two robb]s are brok51 & ! side ( ,jesus pi]c$ ) a lance499 #chdb4 99,joseph ( ,arima!a & ,nicodemus embalm & bury ! body ( ,jesus499 #a4 ,tunc ergo appreh5dit #a4 ,!n1 !re=e ,pilate took ,pilatus ,iesum1 et flagellavit4 ,jesus1 & sc\rg$ him4 #a4 ,aft] he _h releas$ ,b>abbas1 ,pilate n[ ?\ght ( ano!r b a cruel means ( sav+ ! life ( ,jesus4 ,he _h ,him sc\rg$1 hop+ ?us to satisfy ! fury ( ,8 enemies 7,luke xxiii4 #bb74 ,!n 0 fulfill$ ! prophecy ( ,isaias3 8,i h giv5 my body to ! /rik]s1 & ,my *eeks to !m t pluck$ !m3 ,i h n turn$ away my face f !m t rebuk$ me1 & spat ^u me0 7,isaias #a4 #f74 ,_h ,*ri/ be5 sc\rg$ by ,jewi% au?ority1 accord+ to ! ,jewi% law ,he %\ld n h receiv$ m ?an =ty /ripes4 8,accord+ to ! measure ( ! s9 %all ! measure also ( ! /ripes be3 ,yet s t !y exce$ n ! numb] ( =ty3 le/ ?y bro!r dep>t %amefully torn be=e ?y eyes0 7,deut4 xxv4 #b1 #c74 ,by ,jewi% practice ! numb] ( /ripes 0 re/rict$ to ?irtyn9e 7,see #b ,cor4 xi4 #bd74 ,b z ! sc\rg+ 0 ord]$ by ,pilate1 x 01 d\btless1 inflict$ accord+ to ! cruel ,roman me?od1 9 :i* !re 0 no limit to ! numb] ( /ripes t might be inflict$4 ,! ^w us$ by ! ,greek translator ( ,/4 ,mat!w & by ,/4 ,m>k 9 ref]5ce to ?is sc\rg+ is 1 :i*1 l t us$ by ,/4 ,john 771 signifies a sc\rg+ ) :ips or flagella7#abj7 7n rods1 :i* 7 sometimes us$ by ! ,romans2 ,acts xvi4 #bb4 ,comp4 #b ,cor4 xi4 #be74 ,! flagellum 0 *iefly us$ 9 ! puni%m5t ( slaves4 ,x 0 made ( cords or ?ongs ( lea!r1 knott$ ) bones or circles ( bronze1 or pieces ( h>d wood1 & sometimes t]m9at$ by hooks 9 :i* latt] case x 0 call$ a scorpion4 ,no wond] t ,horace 7,sat4 #a1 #c1 #aai7 speaks ( x z 8horribile flagellum40 ,x 0 ) ?is brutal in/rum5t ( torture1 !n1 t our ,"l 0 mangl$ on ?is morn+ by ! fi]ce ,roman soldi]s4 ,! pill> to :i* accord+ to tradition our ,"l 0 ti$ :ile be+ sc\rg$1 0 br\ght f ,j]usalem to ,rome1 9 #abbc ,a4,d4 8,9 a small %r9e to ! "r ( ! *apel 79 ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,prax$es on ! ,esquil9e1 ne> ,/4 ,m>y ,major's71 is pres]v$ ! m>ble pill> to :i* our ,"l is said to h be5 b\nd4 ,x measures two feet ?ree in*es 9 height1 n includ+ its circul> p$e/al1 :i* is two in*es high2 its l[] diamet] is "o foot & ahalf1 its upp] is only n9e in*es1 & its top 0 atta*$ to a r+1 ! p]=ation = :i* rema9s0 7,dr4 ,donovan's ,rome1 ,anci5t & ,mod]n74 #b4 ,et milites plect5tes #b4 ,& ! soldi]s platt+ a corronam de sp9is1 cr[n ( ?orns1 put x ^u imposu]unt capiti eius3 et 8 head3 & !y put on him ve/e purpurea circumd$]unt a purple g>m5t4 eum4 #b4 ,!re is a difficulty "h :5 we comp>e ?is v]se ) ,matt4 xxvii4 #bfbi2 ,m>k xv4 #aeah4 ,=1 :ile ,/4 ,john "h repres5ts ! cr[n+ ) ?orns7#aba7 & ! incid5t ( ! cloak z prec$+ ! s5t5ce ( dea? 7see v]se #af71 ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k seem to say t !y foll[$ x4 ,h5ce1 "s h held t ,*ri/ 0 twice cr[n$ ) ?orns & clad ) a cloak1 & hail$ z ,k+ ( ! ,jews3 once be=e ! s5t5ce z signifi$ "h1 & once aft] z indicat$ by ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k4 ,b x seems ! m probable op9ion t ^! ev5ts occurr$ only once1 & be=e ! s5t5ce 0 pass$1 z ,/4 ,john records4 ,9 ?is view1 ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k d n record ^! ev5ts & ! s5t5ce 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y occurr$47#abb7 ,we w\ld sugge/1 9 support ( ?is view1 t ^! ,evangeli/s1 9 record+ ! s5t5ce by :i* ,b>abbas recov]$ 8 lib]ty 7,matt4 xxvii4 #bf2 ,m>k xv4 #ae71 dep>t f ! ord] ( "t to record 9 connection ) ! lib]ation ( ,b>abbas ! condemnation ( ,jesus4 ,?us ! s5t5ce ( dea?1 ?\gh foll[+ ! cr[n+ ) ?orns is repres5t$ 9 ! two fir/ ,gospels z prec$+ x4 99,a purple g>m5t499 ,if x be object$ t :ile ! cloak accord+ to ,/4 ,john 0 purple1 accord+ to ,/4 ,mat!w x 0 sc>let1 we reply t ! same difficulty occurs on a comp>ison ( ,/4 ,mat!w ) ,/4 ,m>k1 = ! latt] also says ! cloak 0 purple2 & yet all admit t ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k ref] to ! same occasion4 ,9 reality1 ! two ,greek words translat$ purple & sc>let seem to h be5 frequ5tly int]*ang$4 8 is vaguely us$ to signify diff]5t %ades ( r$1 & is especially conv]tible ) crimson 1 ,matt40 7,alf4 on ,/4 ,m>k xv4 #ag74 #c4 ,et v5iebant ad eum1 et #c4 ,& !y came to him1 & dicebant3 ,ave rex ,iudaeorum3 said3 ,hail1 k+ ( ! ,jews1 ,et dabant ei alapas4 & !y gave him bl[s4 #c4 99,hail1 k+ ( ! ,jews499 ,! soldi]s _h d]isively array$ ,him 9 ! insignia ( royalty2 no?+ 0 want+ b ! mock]y ( _! homage2 ?is !y n[ (f]4 ,/4 ,mat!w is m explicit3 8,& b[+ ! knee be=e him1 !y mock$ him1 say+3 ,hail1 k+ ( ! ,jews0 7,matt4 xxvii4 #bi74 99,& !y gave him bl[s499 ,f ,/4 ,mat!w we le>n1 too1 t 8spitt+ ^u him1 !y took ! re$1 & /ruck 8 head0 7,matt4 xxvii4 #cj74 #d4 ,exivit ergo it]um ,pilatus #d4 ,pilate !re=e w5t =? =as1 et dicit eis3 ,ecce aga91 & sai? to !m3 adduco vobis eum =as1 ut ,behold ,i br+ him =? unto cognoscatis quia nullam y1 t y may "k t ,i inv5io 9 eo causam4 f9d no cause 9 him4 #d4 ,pilate n[ br\ght ,jesus =?1 hop+ t ! wret*$ plight to :i* our ,savi\r _h be5 r$uc$1 t ! mock]y & degradation & suff]+ to :i* ,he _h be5 subject$1 w\ld satisfy !m1 & ) ?is view he says to !m 9 effect3 ,behold ,i br+ ,him =? to y t ,i may make kn[n to y aga9 t ,i c f9d no reason = condemn+ ,him2 see1 !n1 ! mis]able /ate to :i* ,he is r$uc$1 & be satisfi$4 #e4 7,exivit ergo ,iesus portans #e4 ,jesus !re=e came =? coronam sp9eam1 et purpureum be>+ ! cr[n ( ?orns1 ve/im5tum74 ,et dicit eis3 & ! purple g>m5t4 ,& he ,ecce homo4 sai? to !m3 ,behold ! ,man4 #e4 ,?is v]se gives u ! graphic description ( an eyewitness4 99,behold ! ,man499 8,behold0 is an int]jection1 n a v]b4 ,x x 7 a v]b1 8man0 w\ld be 9 ! accusative case gov]n$ by x4 ,?is1 inde$1 is :at is sugge/$ by our translation & punctuation3 8,behold ! ,man40 ,b 9 ! orig9al1 8man0 is 9 ! nom9ative case 7 71 & ! mean+ is3 ,behold1 "h be=e y is ! ,man4 #f4 ,cum ergo vidiss5t eum #f4 ,:5 ! *ief prie/s pontifices et m9i/ri !re=e & ! s]vants _h clamabant dic5tes3 ,crucifige1 se5 him1 !y cri$ out1 crucifige eum1 ,dicit eis say+3 ,crucify him1 crucify ,pilatus3 accipite cum vos et him4 ,pilate sai? to !m3 crucifigite3 ego enim non ,take him y1 & crucify him2 inv5io 9 eo causam4 = ,i f9d no cause 9 him4 #f4 ,z soon z ,jesus appe>$1 ! *iefprie/s & ! m9i/]s at once rais$ ! savage cry1 fe>+ le/ ! sight ( ,8 ble$+ & mangl$ body might melt ! he>ts ( ! p4 ,pilate's words3 99,take him1 y1 & crucify him991 are ?\ght by "s to be ironical1 z if he said3 ,take him y1 if y d>e4 ,we pref]1 h[ev]1 to und]/& ! words1 l ! simil> words 9 v]se xviii4 #ca1 z ! expression ( 8 desire to please ! ,jews4 ,he 0 conv9c$ t ,jesus 0 innoc5t1 & 0 unwill+ himself to condemn ,him2 yet1 to please ! ,jews1 he w\ld p]mit !m to put ,him to dea?4 #g4 ,respond]unt ei ,iudaei3 ,nos #g4 ,! ,jews answ]$ him3 ,we legem habemus1 et secundum h a law2 & accord+ to legem debet mori1 quia ,filium ! law he ought to die1 ,dei se fecit4 because he made himself ! ,son ( ,god4 #g4 99,! ,jews answ]$ him3 ,we h a law499 ,! ,jews reply1 t ?\gh ! ,roman gov]nor sees no?+ 9 ,him = :i* to condemn ,him1 yet1 accord+ to _! law1 ,jesus has incurr$ ! p5alty ( dea?3 8,he t blaspheme? ! "n ( ! ,"l1 dy+ let him die2 all ! multitude %all /one him0 7,lev4 xxiv4 #af74 99,because he made himself ! ,son ( ,god499 ,note "h t ! ,jews und]/ood ,*ri/ to h claim$ to be ! natural ,son ( ,god4 ,_h !y und]/ood ,him to speak ( ,himself m]ely z an adopt$ son1 !y c\ld n h blam$ ,him1 = ! j are frequ5tly spok5 ( 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t z sons ( ,god4 ,f ,/4 ,luke xxiii4 #b1 !n1 we "k t ! ,jews und]/ood ,jesus to claim to be 8,*ri/1 ! ,k+20 t is to say1 to be ! ,messias2 & f ! v]se be=e u we le>n t !y und]/ood ,him to claim to be ! ,son ( ,god4 ,z su* !n1 & = su* claims on ,8 "p1 ,he 0 put to dea?2 & ! fact t ,he *ose r to die1 ?an expla9 away or )draw ^! claims1 proves t ,he 0 und]/ood correctly4 #h4 ,cum ergo audisset ,pilatus #h4 ,:5 ,pilate !re=e _h hunc s]monem1 magis timuit4 he>d ?is say+1 he fe>$ ! m4 #h4 99,he fe>$ ! m499 ,:5 ,pilate he>d t ,*ri/ claim$ to be ! ,son ( ,god1 he became m afraid to int]f]e ) or condemn ,him4 ,already h] dream :i* ,pilate's wife _h made kn[n to him 7,matt4 xxvii4 #ai71 & ! maje/y1 s]5ity1 & evid5t innoc5ce ( ,jesus1 mu/ h greatly impress$ ! gov]nor4 #i4 ,et +ressus e/ praetorium #i4 ,& he ent]$ into ! it]um1 et dixit ad ,iesum3 hall aga91 & he said to ,unde es tu8 ,iesus autem ,jesus3 ,:5ce art ?\8 ,b responsum non d$it ei4 ,jesus gave him no answ]4 #i4 ,aga91 !re=e1 he ent]$ ! palace 774 ,jesus1 too1 0 l$ 91 & ,pilate que/ion$ ,him 9 ref]5ce to ! accusation j made aga9/ ,him4 ,y h be5 *>g$ ) claim+ to be ! ,son ( ,god3 99,:5ce art ?\899 f heav51 or ( e>?1 l o!r m58 ,pilate 0 unwor?y ( an answ]1 or else ,jesus ?\ght x useless to expla9 to "o :o w\ld n und]/& or believe x ,8 et]nal g5]ation f ! ,fa!r1 & accord+ly ,he 0 sil5t4 #aj4 ,dicit ergo ei ,pilatus3 #aj4 ,pilate !re=e sai? to ,mihi non loqu]is8 nescis quia him3 ,speake/ ?\ n to me8 pote/atem habeo crucifig]e kn[e/ ?\ n t ,i h te et pote/atem habeo p[] to crucify !e1 & ,i dimitt]e te8 h p[] to release !e8 #aj4 99,speake/ ?\ n to me899 ,9 ! orig9al ! pron\n1 /&+ at ! head ( ! clause1 is emphatic4 ,speake/ ?\ n to me1 ! repres5tative ( ,roman p[]1 :o h au?ority 77 to lib]ate or crucify !e8 99,kn[e/ ?\ n t ,i h p[]991 c4 ,! m probable ord] ( ! clauses is3 8,i h p[] to release !e1 & ,i h p[] to crucify !e10 ! motive ( hope /&+ be=e t ( fe>4 #aa4 ,respondit ,iesus3 ,non #aa4 ,jesus answ]$3 ,?\ hab]es pote/atem adv]sum me %\lde/ n h any p[] ullam1 nisi tibi datum esset aga9/ me1 unless x 7 desup]4 ,propt]ea qui me giv5 !e f above4 tradidit tibi1 maius peccatum ,!re=e he t ha? habet4 deliv]$ me to !e1 ha? ! great] s94 #aa4 ,pilate's claim to unlimit$ p[] ov] ,him makes ,jesus aga9 break sil5ce4 ,8 words are an implicit admission t ,pilate possesses p[] ov] ,him1 b at ! same "t a rem9d] t !re 0 ,"o great] ?an ev5 a ,roman gov]nor1 )\t ^: p]mission ,pilate c\ld d no?+ aga9/ ,him4 99,unless x 7 giv5 !e f above499 ,f ! orig9al1 9 :i* we h 1 n 7datum1 n data71 x is cle> t ! v]b has n 8p[]0 = its subject1 b is to be tak5 imp]sonally3 ,unless x 7 giv5 !e f above to h su* p[]4 8,f above0 has be5 tak5 by "s to ref] to ! ,sanh$rim1 z if ,*ri/ "h ref]r$ to x z a high] tribunal ?an ,pilate's2 b ?is view _c be admitt$4 ,n only is x oppos$ to ! ord9>y s5se ( 7iii4 #ca2 ,james i4 #ag2 iii4 #ae1 #ag71 b x w\ld make our ,"l say t ,pilate _h receiv$ 8 p[] f ! ,sanh$rim--a /atem5t :i* w\ld n be correct4 8,f above01 !n1 means3 f heav5 or f ,god4 99,!re=e he t ha? deliv]$99 71 n 7 99me to !e ha? ! great] s9994 ,"s1 z ,ku9oel1 hold t is "h m]ely a =mula ( transition 7l ! ,hebrew 1 ,judg4 viii4 #g1 c471 ( :i* no acc\nt is to be tak54 ,! mean+ is !n suffici5tly cle>4 ,b if1 z mo/ comm5tators take = grant$1 we are to give its ord9>y inf]5tial =ce1 ! connection is v obscure1 & has be5 v>i\sly expla9$4 7a7 ,"s ?us3 ,because y ex]cise y\r p[] unwill+ly !re=e y\r s9 is less ?an t ( ,caiphas & ! ,sanh$rim1 :o h deliv]$ me to y1 & are =c+ y to condemn me4 ,b x is rightly object$ aga9/ ?is int]pretation1 t ! ^w 8unwill+ly10 ^u :i* x turns1 is nei!r express$ nor sugge/$ 9 ! text4 7b7 ,o!rs ?us3 ,s9ce y h receiv$ f ,god p[] ov] ,me1 b h n _h an opportunity ( judg+ ( ,my "*1 !re=e y\r s9 is less ?an t ( ,caiphas & ! ,sanh$rim1 :o ) ! cle>e/ evid5ces ( ,my ,div9ity be=e !m h yet condemn$ ,me & deliv]$ ,me to y4 ,b x is object$ to ?is view also1 t ! words ^u :i* ! int]pretation h+es1 are n f\nd 9 ! text4 7c7 ,o!rs ?us3 s9ce y possess lawful au?ority1 !re=e ! ,sanh$rim is m guilty 9 h&+ ,me ov] to y ?an x w\ld be1 if y possess$ n ?is au?ority4 ,=1 9 h&+ ,me ov] to y1 !y try to br& ,me z a malefactor1 & !y surr5d] ,me to "o :o has ! p[] to put ,me to dea?1 ev5 by ! cruel dea? ( crucifixion4 ,9 ?is view1 held by ,toletus1 ! s9 ( ! ,sanh$rim is comp>$1 n ) t ( ,pilate1 b ) :at _! own s9 w\ld h be51 _h !y m]ely br\ght ,jesus be=e "s unlawful tribunal4 ,! la/ connection1 ?\gh1 p]haps1 n suffici5tly obvi\s1 is ! mo/ natural4 ,! mean+ ( ! :ole v]se is3 ,y h lawful au?ority inde$1 b n indep5d5tly ( ,god2 & s9ce y h lawful au?ority1 !re=e1 ,my accus]s are ! m guilty4 ,! words 8he t ha? deliv]$ me to !e0 ref] prim>ily to ,caiphas1 ! highprie/1 b include ! ,sanh$rim ) him 9 ! responsibility = deliv]+ up ,*ri/4 #ab4 ,et ex9de qua]ebat #ab4 ,& f !nce=? ,pilatus dimitt]e eum4 ,iudaei ,pilate s\ght to release him4 autem clamabant1 dic5tes3 ,si ,b ! ,jews cri$ out1 hunc dimittis1 non es amicus say+3 ,if ?\ release ?is ,caes>is3 omnis enim qui se man1 ?\ art n ,ces>'s regem facit contradicit fri5d4 ,= :osoev] make? ,caes>i4 himself a k+1 speake? aga9/ ,ces>4 #ab4 99,& f !nce=? ,pilate s\ght to release him499 ,pilate1 :o _h hi!rto tri$ to %irk ! trial ( ,jesus1 or to induce ! ,jews to call = ,8 release1 n[ 8s\ght0 himself to release ,him4 ,at ?is juncture1 :5 all o!r motives _h fail$ to move ,pilate1 ! ,jews exasp]at$ *>ge him ) be+ ! enemy ( ,cs>1 if he refuse to condemn "o :o claim$ to be a sov]eign )9 ,cs>'s dom9ions4 ,_! words convey$ to ,pilate t !y w\ld d5\nce him to ,cs>1 9 case he p]si/$ 9 refus+ to condemn ,jesus4 ,tib]ius 7#adcg ,a4,d471 :o 0 ,roman ,emp]or at ! "t1 01 accord+ to ,suetonius 7,vit4 ,tib41 c4 #eh71 a mo/ suspici\s tyrant1 & "o ) :om1 z ,tacitus tells u3 8,maje/atis crim5 omnium accusationum complem5tum erat0 7,ann4 iii4 #ch74 #ac4 ,pilatus autem cum audisset #ac4 ,n[ :5 ,pilate _h he>d hos s]mones1 adduxit =as ^! words1 he br\ght ,jesus ,iesum3 et s$it pro tribunali1 =?2 & sat d[n 9 ! 9 loco qui dicitur judgm5t seat1 9 ! place ,li?o/rotos1 hebraice autem t is call$ ,li?o/rotos1 ,gabba?a4 & 9 ,hebrew ,gabba?a4 #ac4 ,n[ :5 ,pilate _h he>d ^! words1 he br\ght ,jesus =?4 ,pilate1 ?r\gh fe> ( ! ,emp]or1 at l5g? gave way1 & ,jesus1 :o _h rema9$ )9 ! h\se aft] ! int]rogation 7v]ses #iaa71 :ile ,pilate 0 signify+ 8 own int5tion to ! p 7v]se #ab71 0 n[ br\ght =?1 & ,pilate =mally took 8 seat to pass s5t5ce ( dea?4 99,9 ! place t is call$ ,li?o/rotos1 & 9 ,hebrew ,gabba?a499 ,! ,rev4 ,v]s4 r5d]s3 8,at a place call$ ! ,pavem5t1 b 9 ,hebrew ,gabba?a40 ,! judgm5tseat 0 usually 9 front ( ! ,praetorium1 on an elevat$ plat=m4 ,! ,syro,*aldaic ^w ,gabba?a means a high place1 probably f ! root 7,gabhah71 & su* high places 7 usually pav$ ) _mcol\r$ /ones1 h5ce ! "n 8,li?o/rotos0 7f 1 a /one1 & 1 cov]$1 or pav$74 ,suetonius 7,caes4 #h1 #df7 says t ,julius ,cs> c>ri$ su* a pavem5t ) him on 8 exp$itions4 #ad4 ,erat autem p>asceve #ad4 ,& x 0 ! p>asceve pas*ae1 hora quasi sexta1 et ( ! pas*1 ab\t ! six? dicit ,iudaeis3 ,ecce rex h\r1 & he sai? to ! ve/]4 ,jews3 ,behold y\r k+4 #ad4 99,& x 0 ! p>asceve ( ! ,pas*499 8,p>asceve0 7,gr4 7 means prep>ation1 or day ( prep>ation1 & ! expression3 8! p>asceve ( ! ,pas*0 might mean ! day ( prep>ation = ! ,pas*al fea/1 & h5ce ! day be=e ! fea/ began4 ,?is1 inde$1 is ! mean+ giv5 to ! phrase by all ^? :o hold t ,*ri/1 9 ! la/ ye> ( ,8 mortal life1 celebrat$ ! ,pas*al ,supp] a day be=e ! ,jews47#abc7 ,!y hold t ,/4 ,john "h signifies t ! ,jewi% ,pas* _h n yet begun4 ,b ! phrase may h1 & we believe has1 a diff]5t mean+4 ,we "k f ,/4 ,m>k t 8,p>asceve0 0 ano!r "n = ,friday2 8,x 0 ! ,p>asceve1 t is1 ! day be=e ! ,sabba?0 7,m>k xv4 #db74 ,friday naturally en\gh got ?is "n1 because x 0 ! day ( prep>ation = ! ,jewi% ,sabba?4 ,by 8! p>asceve ( ! ,pas*10 !n1 we und]/& ! ,friday ( ! ,pas*al week1 & we take x t ,/4 ,john "h indicates ! day ( ! week1 z 9 ! words imm$iately foll[+ he indicates ! h\r ( ! day4 ,8 read]s1 "s ( :om 71 d\btless1 acqua9t$ ) ! ,synoptic ,gospels1 w\ld be already aw>e t ?is day 0 ! fir/ ( ! ,pas*al week1 & n ! eve ( ! fe/ival4 ,see above on xiii4 #a4 99,ab\t ! six? h\r499 ,a v great difficulty arises f a comp>ison ( ?is acc\nt ) t ( ,/4 ,m>k4 ,= ,/4 ,m>k says3 8,& x 0 ! ?ird h\r1 & !y crucifi$ ,him4444 ,& :5 ! six? h\r 0 come1 !re 0 d>kness ov] ! :ole e>? until ! n9? h\r0 7,m>k xv4 #be1 #cc74 ,?us1 :ile ,/4 ,john repres5ts our ,"l z condemn$ ab\t ! six? h\r1 ,/4 ,m>k repres5ts ,him z already crucifi$ at ! ?ird h\r4 ,h[1 x is ask$1 c\ld ,he be crucifi$ at ! ?ird h\r1 if ,he 0 n condemn$ till ! six?8 ,_m solutions ( ?is difficulty h be5 propos$1 b "s ( !m are s improbable1 t we w n delay ^u !m4 ,:51 = in/ance1 ,/4 ,augu/9e says t ,/4 ,m>k1 9 /at+ t ! ,jews crucifi$ ,jesus at ! ?ird h\r1 means t at t "t !y crucifi$ ,him ) _! tongues by call+ = ,8 crucifixion1 x is pla9 f ! :ole context ( ,/4 ,m>k t su* a view _c be admitt$2 because he evid5tly speaks ( ! real nail+ ( ,jesus to ! cross4 ,?us he says3 8,& x 0 ! ?ird h\r1 & !y crucifi$ him4 ,& ! inscription ( 8 cause 0 writt5 ov]1 ,! ,k+ ( ! ,jews4 ,& ) him !y crucify two ?ieves1 ! "o on 8 "r h&1 & ! o!r on 8 left4444 ,& !y t pass$ by blasphem$ him1 wagg+ _! heads1 & say+3 444 save ?yself1 com+ d[n f ! cross0 7,m>k xv4 #becj74 ,b1 sett+ aside ! less probable me?ods ( reconciliation1 we mu/ notice f\r :i* h f\nd fav\r ) comm5tators4 7#a7 ,maldonatus & _m ( ! old] comm5tators hold t besides ! division ( ! ,jewi% day into twelve h\rs1 !re 0 also ano!r division into f\r p]iods1 correspond+ to ! f\r wat*es ( ! night47#abd7 ,?us1 at ! ,pas*1 :i* occurr$ ab\t ! "t ( ! v]nal equ9ox1 ^! f\r p]iods1 or 8h\rs10 w\ld be respectively--7a7 f #f to #i a4m42 7b7 f #i a4m4 to noon2 7c7 f noon to #c p4m42 & 7d7 f #c to #f p4m4 ,accord+ to ,mald41 ^! p]iods 7 call$ respectively1 ! ?ird1 six?1 n9?1 & twelf? 8h\r40 ,he curi\sly supposes1 h[ev]1 t sometimes any "o ( ^! 8h\rs0 or p]iods 0 ref]r$ to ei!r by ! "n ( ! h\r ) :i* x began1 or by ! "n ( t ) :i* x clos$4 ,h5ce ! p]iod betwe5 #i a4m4 & noon1 or1 to speak m correctly1 a "t )9 t p]iod--ab\t #aa4cj a4m4--is ref]r$ to by ,/4 ,m>k z ! ?ird h\r2 :ile a "t )9 ! same p]iod1 b ab\t an h\r e>li] is ref]r$ to by ,/4 ,john z ! six? h\r4 ,?is view is n[ g5]ally ab&on$1 & n )\t reason4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 !re are no solid gr\nds = believ+ t ! f\rfold division ( ! ,jewi% day "h suppos$1 ev] exi/$4 ,9 ! second place1 ev5 if x _h exi/$1 we %\ld require a great deal ( pro(1 inde$1 be=e we c\ld believe t ! 8h\rs0 7 numb]$ 9 s /range & confus+ a fa%ion4 7#b7 ,m probable ?an ! prec$+ is ! view ( ,cornely 7,introd41 vol4 iii41 #gc1 #c74 ,he1 too1 l ,mald41 holds ! above f\rfold division ( ! day1 b says t ! divisions 7 call$ respectively1 ! fir/1 ?ird1 six?1 & n9? h\r4 ,n[1 ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s1 he says1 foll[ ?is f\rfold division ( ! day2 &1 h5ce1 ,/4 ,m>k's ?ird h\r is ! "t f #i a4m4 to noon4 ,/4 ,john1 on ! o!r h&1 reckons accord+ to ! m accurate ,jewi% me?od ( divid+ ! day into twelve equal p>ts2 &1 !re=e1 8 phrase1 8ab\t ! six? h\r10 means ab\t noon4 ,cornely ?9ks t ! vagu5ess ( ! phrase3 8,ab\t ! six? h\r0 ju/ifies u 9 suppos+ t ! "t :5 ,pilate pass$ s5t5ce ^u our ,"l1 accord+ to ,/4 ,john1 may h be5 z e>ly z halfpa/ t54 ,?us1 condemn$ ab\t halfpa/ t51 ,jesus c\ld be l$ out to ,calv>y & put ^u ! cross be=e noon2 9 o!r words1 :ile1 z ,/4 ,m>k says1 x 0 /ill ! ?ird h\r4 ,?\gh ?is view is m probable ?an ! prec$+1 we _c accept x4 ,= x supposes1 l ! prec$+1 a division ( ! day into f\r 8h\rs10 = :i* ,cornely (f]s no evid5ce any m ?an ,maldonatus4 ,moreov]1 we _c br+ ourselves to believe t ,/4 ,john w\ld ref] to a "t s e>ly z halfpa/ t5 z 8ab\t ! six? h\r40 7#c7 ,o!rs ?9k t :ile ,/4 ,m>k foll[s ! ,jewi% division ( ! day1 &1 !re=e c\nts ! h\rs f sunrise1 ,/4 ,john1 on ! o!r h&1 foll[s ! ,greek me?od1 & c\nts !m f midnight4 ,?us1 ab\t ! "t ( ! equ9ox1 ,/4 ,m>k's 8?ird h\r0 w\ld mean ab\t #i a4m41 :ile ,/4 ,john's 8ab\t ! six? h\r0 w\ld mean ab\t #f a4m4 ,accord+ to ?is view1 our ,"l 0 condemn$ ab\t #f a4m41 & nail$ to ! cross ab\t #i a4m4 ,aga9/ ?is view1 x is held by _m writ]s t ,/4 ,john1 l ! o!r ,evangeli/s1 c\nts ! h\rs ( ! day f sunrise1 t is to say1 accord+ to ! ,jewi% me?od47#abe7 ,b a /ill m s]i\s difficulty aga9/ ?is view arises f ! difficulty ( f9d+ "t = all ! ev5ts ( ! morn+ ( ! ,crucifixion betwe5 daydawn & #f a4m4--! "t at :i*1 9 ?is op9ion1 our ,"l 0 condemn$ by ,pilate4 8,^? ev5ts 444 7--7#a7 ! meet+ ( ! ,c\ncil2 7#b7 ! procession to ,pilate's ,c\rt2 7#c7 ! v>i\s incid5ts record$ by ! f\r ,evangeli/s on ! occasion ( our ,"l's fir/ appe>ance be=e ,pilate's tribunal2 7#d7 ! s5d+ ( our ,"l to ,h]od2 7#e7 ! int]view betwe5 our ,"l & ,h]od2 7#f7 ! mock+ ( our ,"l by ,h]od's soldi]s2 7#g7 ! return to ! ,c\rt ( ,pilate2 7#h7 ! sc\rg+2 7#i7 ! cr[n+ ) ?orns2 7#aj7 ! mock+ ( our ,"l by ! ,roman soldi]s2 7#aa7 ! incid5t ( ! #8,ecce ,homo1' & 7#ab7 ! f9al int]view1 )9 ! ,praetorium1 betwe5 our ,"l & ,pilate1 at ! close ( :i* ,pilate came =?1 &1 aft] a f9al ef=t to obta9 ! lib]ation ( our ,"l1 took 8 place on ! judgm5t seat1 #8& x 0 n[ ab\t ! six? h\r4' 7#d7 8,x w\ld seem1 !n1 t ! mo/ satisfactory solution ( ! difficulty is t giv5 by ! great majority ( mod]n comm5tators--,ca?olic z well z ,prote/ant--namely1 t an error has crept into ! text ( ,/4 ,john's ,gospel1 & t ! true read+ ( ! passage 9 "q !re 7xix4 #ad71 is to be obta9$ by sub/itut+ #8?ird' = #8six?4' 8,manife/ly1 su* a correction ( ! text removes ! difficulty we are consid]+4 ,on ! "o h&1 x leaves abundance ( "t be=e ,pilate's s5t5ce--?ree or f\r h\rs--= ! ev5ts ( ! e>li] "p ( ! morn+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x leaves q suffici5t "t--an int]val1 x may be suppos$1 ( ne>ly an h\r--betwe5 ! pass+ ( ! s5t5ce & ! actual crucifixion2 = ,/4 ,john's /atem5t1 t x 0 #8ab\t' ! ?ird h\r1 might surely be und]/ood ( any "t betwe5 halfpa/ eight & n9e o'clock2 & ,/4 ,m>k's words are q consi/5t ) ! supposition t our ,"l 0 crucifi$ at any "t betwe5 n9e & t54 8,& x is n to be suppos$ t ! em5dation ( ! text is sugge/$ m]ely on a priori gr\nds4 ,= 7#a7 ?is read+ is actually f\nd 9 "o ( ! five ,greek ,,mss4 ( ! ,new ,te/am5t t rank highe/ 9 antiquity & au?ority--,codex ,d4 7,cantabrigi5sis or ,bezae73 ?is ,,ms dates probably f ! #e? or #f? c5tury4 ,moreov] 7#b7 we h 9 its fav\r ! v /rong te/imony ( an anci5t writ]1 ! au?or ( ! ,*ronicon ,pas*ale 7circ4 ,a4,d4 #fcj71 :o adopts ?is read+ on ! au?ority ( _m #8accurate copies1' & m5tions ! /rik+ fact t ! clause 0 ?us read 9 ,/4 ,john's orig9al autograph ( 8 ,gospel1 !n extant1 &1 ( c\rse1 deeply v5]at$ by ! fai?ful 9 ! ,*ur* at ,ephesus40 7,see ,patrizzi1 ,de ,evangeliis1 lib4 ii41 n4 #aie47 8,b1 x may be object$1 is x n a some:at =c$ hypo!sis to suppose t an int]*ange ( two words s dissimil> z & 1--! ,greek words = #8?ird' & #8six?' respectively--c\ld h occurr$ by an error ( transcription8 ,by no means4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! usage 0 almo/ univ]sal ( us+ ! num]al *>act]s--:i*1 9 ,greek consi/ ( lett]s ( ! alphabet--in/ead ( writ+ ! words 9 full4 ,?us ! *ange w\ld consi/ m]ely 9 ! sub/itution ( "o lett] = ano!r4 ,b1 fur!rmore1 x is ess5tial to expla9 t :5 ! anci5t ,,mss4 ( ! ,greek ,te/am5t 7 writt51 x 0 ! usage to employ only capital1 or1 z !y are call$1 uncial lett]s--?us ^? ,,mss4 !mselves are commonly kn[n z uncial4 ,n[1 s9ce ! "* by :i* ! num]al #c 0 repres5t$ 0 gamma1 ! ?ird lett] ( ! ,greek alphabet1 its uncial =m 0 4 ,! "* by :i* ! num]al #f 0 repres5t$ 0 ! n[ obsolete digamma1 at "o "t ! six? lett] ( ! ,greek alphabet3 its uncial =m 0 4 8,?us !n we f9d t ! error :i*1 x is sugge/$1 has crept into ?is v]se ( ! text ( ,/4 ,john consi/$ m]ely 9 ! int]*ange ( ! *>act]s & --a mi/ake s easily made t its v facility con/itutes a /rong antec$5t probability 9 fav\r ( ! view t x1 9 fact1 occurr$407#abf7 ,9 ?is view1 :i* seems to u ! mo/ probable1 ,*ri/ 0 condemn$ ab\t ! ?ird h\r4 ,z ! ?ird h\r at ! season ( ! ,pas* ext5d$ f ab\t #h till #i a4m41 ,/4 ,m>k's 8?ird h\r0 may ref] to a "t imm$iately aft] #h a4m4 ,?is op9ion all[s abundance ( "t = ! ev5ts :i* on t ,good ,friday morn+ prec$$ ! s5t5ce ( dea?4 ,=1 z ! sun at ! ,pas* rose ab\t #f a4m41 daydawn began ab\t halfpa/ f\r2 & ?us we h ne>ly f\r h\rs f ! assembl+ ( ! ,sanh$rim1 be=e :i* ,jesus 0 l$ at dawn1 till ! s5t5ce 0 pron\nc$ ^u ,him by ,pilate4 ,9 ?is view1 our ,"l 0 put ^u ! cross ab\t #i a4m4 99,behold y\r k+499 ,?is1 l ,pilate's words 9 ! next v]se1 0 probably said to annoy ! ,jews because !y _h =c$ him to condemn ,jesus4 #ae4 ,illi autem clamabant3 #ae4 ,b !y cri$ out3 ,away ,tolle1 tolle1 crucifige eum4 ) him1 away ) him1 ,dicit eis ,pilatus3 ,regem crucify him4 ,pilate sai? to ve/rum crucifigam8 !m3 ,%all ,i crucify y\r ,respond]unt pontifices3 ,non k+8 ,! *ief prie/s habemus regem1 nisi ,caes>em4 answ]$3 ,we h no k+ b ,ces>4 #ae4 99,we h no k+ b ,caes>499 ,?\gh ! ,jews 7 at ?is "t *af+ "u ! dom9ion ( ! ,romans1 ! *ief prie/s1 bl9d$ by _! hatr$ ( ,*ri/1 "h proclaim$ _! submission to ! ,roman yoke4 #af4 ,tunc ergo tradidit eis #af4 ,!n !re=e he ilium ut crucifig]etur4 deliv]$ him to !m to be ,suscep]unt autem ,iesum1 et crucifi$4 ,& !y took edux]unt4 ,jesus1 & l$ him =?4 #af4 ,& n[ ,pilate at la/ deliv]$ ,jesus to !m to be crucifi$1 hav+ fir/1 z ,/4 ,mat!w tells u1 gone ?r\gh ! va9 c]emony ( wa%+ 8 h&s1 z if he c\ld ?us wa% 8 s\l f ! guilt ( weakly cons5t+ to ,*ri/'s dea?6 #ag4 ,et baiulans sibi crucem1 #ag4 ,& be>+ 8 own cross exivit 9 eum qui dicitur he w5t =? to t place ,calv>iae locum1 hebraice :i* is call$ ,calv>y1 b autem ,golgo?a3 9 ,hebrew ,golgo?a4 #ag4 ,! words 8& l$ him =?10 are probably n g5u9e4 ,we le>n f ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s t ,jesus 0 n[ mock$1 /ripp$ ( ! purple cloak1 & clo!d ) ,8 own g>m5ts4 ,!n1 l ,isaac ( old 7,g54 xxii4 #f71 be>+ ! wood on :i* ,he 0 to suff]1 ,jesus w5t =? 7comp4 xviii4 #a7 to ! place :]e ,he 0 crucifi$4 ,by ,jewi% z well z ,roman law ! execution %\ld take place outside ! city2 ,numb4 xv4 #ce2 #c ,k4 xxi4 #ac4 ,& ,cic]o says3 ,quid enim att9uit1 cum ,mam]t9i m atque in/ituto suo1 crucem fixiss5t po/ urbem 9 via ,pompeia1 c4 7,v]r4 v4 #ff74 ,calv>y1 :i* is n[ )9 ! walls ( ,j]usalem1 0 !n outside !m1 ly+ to ! we/ ( ! city4 ,a v old tradition repres5ts ,jesus z fall+ ?ree times b5ea? ! cross on ,8 way to ,calv>y2 & ! ?ree ,synoptic ,evangeli/s tell u t ,simon ( ,cyr5e7#abg71 probably a ,jew :o _h come to ,j]usalem to celebrate ! ,pas*1 0 =c$ to c>ry ! cross4 ,x is disput$ :e!r ,simon 0 made to be> ! cross alone or m]ely to assi/ ,jesus4 ,! latt] view is frequ5tly foll[$ 9 pa9t+s1 b ! =m] seems m probable4 ,jesus 0 n[ worn & weak1 & z ! ,jews 7 impati5t to hurry on to ! place ( puni%m5t2 p]haps1 too1 ?r\gh a fe> t ,he might o!rwise die on ! way & deprive !m ( ! pleasure ( see+ ,him wri?+ on ! cross1 !y w\ld be m likely to relieve ,him f ev5 help+ to c>ry ! cross4 8,nota10 says ,a ,lapide1 8non vid]i ,simonem crucem ge/asse cum ,*ri/o hac ratione1 ut ,*ri/us priorem crucis p>tem1 ,simon po/]iorem port>et1 uti p+unt pictores2 s$ ipsum solum totam ,*ri/i praeeuntis crucem ge/asse0 7,a ,lap4 on ,/4 ,matt4 xxvii4 #cb74 ,/4 ,luke alone m5tions ! incid5t ( ! wom5 ( ,j]usalem1 :o foll[$ ,jesus bewail+ & lam5t+ = ,him 7,luke xxii4 #bgca74 ,a v anci5t tradition repres5ts ! ,bless$ ,virg9 z meet+ ,jesus 9 ?is sad procession to ,calv>y4 ,calv>ia 9 ! ,vulgate is n a prop] "n4 8,x is simply ! ,lat9 = 1 a b>e skull1 & us$ 9 ,vulgate only "h 7,matt47 & 9 ! p>allel passages ( ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john :5 describ+ ! crucifixion--n[h]e else 9 ! ,old or ,new ,te/am5t4 ,golgo?a 0 ! ,hebrew "n ( ! spot :]e our ,"l 0 crucifi$4 ,! pure ,hebrew =m ( ! ^w 7,gulgole?71 mean+ a skull 7f 7galal7 to roll1 to be r\nd71 is f\nd 9 ,judges ix4 #ec4 ,!nce came ! ,*aldaic 7r we %\ld say1 ,syro,*aldaic71 ,gulgalta1 abbreviat$ into ,golgo?a4 ,b :y 0 ! place call$ ,golgo?a1 or skull8 ,ei!r because crim9als 7 commonly execut$ on t spot1 & _m skulls 7 f\nd !re blea*+ 9 ! sun 7,/4 ,j]ome & mo/ mod]n ,ca?olic comm472 or ! m\nd 0 skulll 7,/4 ,cyril ( ,j]usalem alludes to ?is view1 b refutes x72 or 7accord+ to tradition7 ! skull ( ! fir/ man1 ,adam1 0 buri$ !re 7,orig41 ,/4 ,epiph41 & ne>ly all ! fa!rs7 4443 ,9 accordance ) ?is op9ion 7( ! fa!rs71 we see s (t5 9 pa9t+s & pictures a skull plac$ at ! foot ( ! cross4 ,al?\gh we read con/antly 9 s]mons ( ! hill ( ,calv>y1 !re is little to %[ t !re 0 any hill or m\nd on ! spot nam$ ,golgo?a4 ,/4 ,cyril ( ,j]usalem objects to ! d]ivation ( ,calv>y f ! m\nd be+ skull%ap$1 because he says !re 0 no hill !re4 ,9 ! :ole hi/ory ( ! ,passion no m5tion is made ( ! m\nt or hill ( ,calv>y4444 ,! traditional spot is simply on a high gr\nd1 l ,holborn 9 ,london1 or ,patrick'shill 9 ,dubl91 or ! ,pan!on 9 ,p>is0 7,dr4 ,m',c>?y1 on ,/4 ,mat!w1 xxvii4 #cc74 #ah4 ,ubi crucifix]unt eum1 et #ah4 ,:]e !y crucifi$ him1 cum eo alios duos h9c et & ) him two o!rs1 "o h9c1 m$ium autem ,iesum4 on ea* side1 & ,jesus 9 ! mid/4 #ah4 ,:e!r ,jesus 0 nail$ to ! cross :ile x 0 ly+ ^u ! gr\nd1 or :e!r ! cross 0 fir/ erect$ & ,he !n rais$ up to x by ropes & ladd]s1 is disput$47#abh7 ,z to ! %ape ( ! cross1 too1 on :i* ,he 0 crucifi$1 !re is a slight diff]5ce ( op9ion4 ,sett+ aside ! crux simplex1 :i* 0 m]ely an upright /ake1 ! crux compacta1 s call$ f ! p>ts be+ jo9$ toge!r1 0 ?reefold3 8decussata 7cut into two equal p>ts71 l ! lett] ,x2 commissa1 l ! lett] ,t1 & immissa1 or ,lat9 1 :i* diff]s f ! commissa1 by hav+ ! long upright beam project+ ov] ! transv]se b>0 7,m',c>?y74 ,! almo/ unanim\s tradition ( ! fa!rs holds t ,*ri/ di$ ^u ! ,lat9 cross1 & !re is no reason to d\bt t ?is is correct4 99,& ) him two o!rs499 ,^! are describ$ z 8robb]s0 771 by ,/4 ,matt4 7xxvii4 #ch71 & ,/4 ,m>k 7xv4 #bg71 & z 8malefactors0 by ,/4 ,luke 7xxiii4 #cb74 ,x may possibly h be5 to add to ,8 disgrace & %ame t ! ,jews _h ^! puni%$ toge!r ) ,jesus4 8,& ! ,scripture 0 fulfill$ :i* sai?3 ,& ) ! wick$ he 0 reput$0 7,m>k xv4 #bh74 #ai4 ,scripsit autem et titulum #ai4 ,& ,pilate wrote a title ,pilatus3 et posuit sup] also3 & he put x ^u ! crucem1 ,erat autem scriptum3 cross4 ,& ! writ+ 01 ,,iesus ,,naz>5us1 ,,rex ,,jesus ,,( ,,naz>e?1 ,,! ,,k+ ,,( ,,iudaeorum4 ,,! ,,jews4 #ai4 99,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 ! ,k+ ( ! ,jews499 ,x 0 usual to indicate 9 "s su* way ! "n & (f5ce ( ^? crucifi$1 & s ,pilate _h an inscription plac$ ov] ! head ( ,jesus1 giv+ ,8 "n1 & ! reason :y ,he suff]$4 ,we %\ld h expect$1 h[ev]1 t ,pilate w\ld h caus$ to be writt53 ,jesus ( ,naz>e? :o claim$ to be k+ ( ! ,jews4 ,b no1 ei!r to annoy ! ,jews1 or by an ov]rul+ ,provid5ce1 ,pilate wrote3 8,,k+ ,,( ,,! ,,jews10 ?us proclaim+ ,*ri/'s royal dignity ev5 :ile he crucifi$ ,him4 ,! title is slightly diff]5t 9 all f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,hic e/ ,jesus ,rex ,judaeorum 7,mat!w72 ,rex ,judaeorum 7,m>k72 ,hic e/ ,rex ,judaeorum 7,luke72 ,jesus ,naz>5us ,rex ,judaeorum 7,john74 ,x is v probable t ,/4 ,john gives ! precise words ( ! title1 ! o!rs ! sub/ance4 ,= all t is at pres5t legible7#abi7 ( ! ,hebrew text ( ! title agrees exactly ) ,/4 ,john4 ,! title1 writt5 on a :it5$ wood5 tablet1 toge!r ) ! true cross1 nails1 & lance1 0 discov]$ dur+ ! excavations ord]$ by an ,engli% woman1 ,/4 ,hel51 ! "m ( ,con/ant9e ! ,great1 ab\t ! ye> #cbf ,a4,d4 ,! title 0 plac$ by ,/4 ,hel5 9 ! ,*ur* ( ! ,holy ,cross on ! ,esquil9e1 9 ,rome1 :]e x is /ill v5]at$4 ,see ,dr4 ,donovan's ,rome1 ,anci5t & ,mod]n1 vol4 i41 p4 #ejh4 #bj4 ,hunc ergo titulum multi #bj4 ,?is title !re=e _m ,iudaeorum leg]unt3 quia prope ( ! ,jews did read3 because civitatem erat locus1 ubi ! place :]e ,jesus 0 crucifixus e/ ,iesus3 et erat crucifi$ 0 nigh to ! scriptum hebraice1 graece1 et city3 & x 0 writt5 9 lat9e4 ,hebrew1 9 ,greek1 & 9 ,lat94 #bj4 99,! place :]e ,jesus 0 crucifi$ 0 nigh to ! city499 ,calv>y 0 less ?an a mile f ! c5tre ( ,j]usalem1 & z ! city 0 !n cr[d$1 _m read ! title4 ,! title 0 9 ?ree languages1 t all might be able to read x4 ,! ,jews resid5t 9 ,pale/9e c\ld read ! ,syro,*aldaic2 ! /rang]s c\ld read ! ,greek2 & ! ,roman soldi]s1 ! ,lat94 ,x 0 =m]ly held by "s comm5tators t ! ?ree inscriptions 7 9 ,lat91 b writt5 9 ,syro,*aldaic1 ,greek1 & ,lat9 *>act]s1 respectively4 ,?is op9ion1 h[ev]1 has no?+ to recomm5d x4 ,! obvi\s s5se ( ! v]se be=e u1 & ! relics ( ! title1 prove t ! inscription 0 9 ?ree diff]5t languages4 ,_m au?orities rev]se ! ord] ( ! two la/ clauses 9 ?is v]se3 89 ,lat91 & 9 ,greek40 #ba4 ,dicebant ergo ,pilato #ba4 ,!n ! *ief prie/s ( pontifices ,iudaeorum3 ,noli ! ,jews said to ,pilate3 ,write scrib]e1 ,rex ,iudaeorum3 s$ n1 ! k+ ( ! ,jews1 b quia ipse dixit3 ,rex sum t he said3 ,i am ! k+ ( ,iudaeorum4 ! ,jews4 #ba4 99,!n ! *ief prie/s499 ,r1 8! *ief prie/s ( ! ,jews1 !re=e10 c4 #bb4 ,respondit ,pilatus3 ,quod #bb4 ,pilate answ]$3 ,:at ,i scripsi1 scripsi4 h writt51 ,i h writt54 #bb4 99,:at ,i h writt51 ,i h writt5499 ,pilate1 already tir$ ( ! pa9ful bus9ess1 & disgu/$ ) ! ,jews1 refus$ to make any *ange 9 :at he _h writt54 #bc4 ,milites ergo cum #bc4 ,! soldi]s !re=e crucifixiss5t eum1 accep]unt :5 !y _h crucifi$ him1 ve/im5ta eius 7et fec]unt took 8 g>m5ts 7& !y quatuor p>tes3 unicuique made f\r p>ts1 to e militi p>tem71 et tunicam4 soldi] a "p7 & also 8 ,erat autem tunica coat4 ,n[ ! coat 0 )\t inconsutilis1 desup] contexta seam1 wov5 f ! top p] totum4 ?r\gh\t4 #bc4 ,x 0 ! cu/om to give ! clo!s to ! execution]s4 ,! tunic 0 ! inn] g>m5t worn next ! sk91 & rea*+ f ! neck to ! ankles4 ,x 0 usually fa/5$ r\nd ! neck ) a clasp4 #bd4 ,dix]unt ergo ad invicem3 #bd4 ,!y said !n "o to ,non sc9damus eam1 s$ ano!r3 ,let u n cut x1 sortiamur de illa cuius sit4 b let u ca/ lots = x ,ut scriptura impl]etur1 ^: x %all be2 t ! dic5s3 ,p>titi sunt scripture might be fulfill$1 ve/im5ta mea sibi3 et 9 say+3 ,!y h p>t$ my ve/em meam mis]unt sortem4 g>m5ts among !m3 & ^u ,et milites quidem haec my ve/ure !y h ca/ fec]unt4 lots4 ,& ! soldi]s inde$ did ^! ?+s4 #bd4 ,z ,*ri/'s tunic 0 seamless1 & ! soldi]s ?\ght x a pity to te> x1 !y ca/ lots = x2 ,god s orda9+1 9 ord] t ! ,scripture might be fulfill$4 ,accord+ to an old tradition1 ! tunic _h be5 wov5 = ,jesus by ! ,bless$ ,virg9's own h&s4 #be4 ,/abant autem iuxta crucem #be4 ,n[ !re /ood by ! ,iesu mat] eius1 et soror cross ( ,jesus1 8 "m1 matris eius1 ,m>ia ,cleophae1 & 8 "m's si/]1 ,m>y et ,m>ia ,magdal5e4 ( ,cleophas1 & ,m>y ,magdal54 #be4 99,by ! cross499 ,!re is no contradiction betwe5 ?is & ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s 7,matt4 xxvii4 #ee2 ,m>k xv4 #dj2 ,luke xxiii4 #di71 :o repres5t ! wom5 z /&+ 8af> (f20 = !y ref] to a "t subsequ5t to ,*ri/'s dea?1 ,/4 ,john to a "t :5 ,he 0 hang+ on ! cross /ill alive4 99,8 "m's si/]499 ,m>y ( ,cleophas 0 ! wife ( ,cleophas1 & "m ( ! ,apo/le ,james ! ,less4 ,%e 0 a c\s9 ( ! ,bless$ ,virg94 ,"s writ]s1 h[ev]1 pref] to ?9k1 t %e is call$ a 8si/]10 because h] husb& ,cleophas 0 bro!r to ,/4 ,joseph4 #bf4 ,cum vidisset ergo ,iesus #bf4 ,:5 ,jesus !re=e _h matrem1 et discipulum /antem se5 8 "m & ! quem diligebat1 dicit matri disciple /&+1 :om he suae3 ,muli]1 ecce filius lov$1 he sai? to 8 "m3 tuus4 ,woman1 behold ?y son4 #bg4 ,de9de dicit discipulo3 #bg4 ,aft] t1 he sai? to ,ecce mat] tua4 ,et ex illa ! disciple3 ,behold ?y hora accepit eam discipulus 9 "m4 ,& f t h\r ! sua4 disciple took h] to 8 own4 #bf1 #bg4 99,woman99 77 is ! same t]m by :i* ,jesus address$ ,8 "m at ! m>riage fea/ ( ,cana 7,john ii4 #d74 ,its use on ! pres5t sad1 solemn occasion 7 itself suffici5t pro( t ! t]m implies no disrespect4 7,see above on ii4 #d47 ,! virg9 disciple is "h comm5d$ to ! ,bless$ ,virg9's c>e1 to be lov$ & treat$ z h] son2 & %e1 9 turn1 to ,8 c>e1 to be lov$ & respect$ & support$ z a "m4 ,!re is no reason = d\bt+ ! common op9ion t ,/4 ,joseph 0 dead at ?is "t2 _h he be5 /ill alive1 ! ,bless$ ,virg9 w\ld1 d\btless1 h rema9$ "u 8 c>e4 99,to 8 own99 7 1 i4e4 74 ,! mean+ is t he took h] to :]e he himself abode4 ,he may h _h a h\se ( 8 own1 = 8 fa!r seems to h be5 a man ( "s means 7,m>k i4 #bj71 & ! expression w\ld mo/ naturally ref] to 8 own h\se 7,acts xxi4 #f74 ,b x is possible1 too1 t he m]ely lodg$ 9 ano!r's h\se4 ,9 xvi4 #cb1 x is pr$ict$ t ! ,apo/les %\ld be scatt]$ e man to 8 own 7 71 & v few ( ^! poor ,galilean fi%]m5 c h own$ h\ses 9 ,j]usalem4 ,reg>d+ ! common belief t ,/4 ,john1 at ! foot ( ! cross1 repres5t$ ! :ole human race1 or1 at lea/1 all ! fai?ful1 x mu/ be said t ! fa!rs make no m5tion ( ?is view1 & t !re is no?+ 9 ! obvi\s lit]al s5se ( ! passage to indicate t ,/4 ,john held any su* repres5tative capacity4 #bh4 ,po/ea sci5s ,iesus quia #bh4 ,aft]w>ds ,jesus kn[+ omnia consummata sunt1 ut t all ?+s 7 n[ consumm>etur scriptura1 accompli%$1 t ! dixit3 ,sitio4 scripture might be fulfill$1 said3 ,i ?ir/4 #bh4 99,aft]w>ds991 :5 ?ree o'clock 0 come1 ,jesus1 kn[+ t ,he _h done all = :i* ,he _h be5 s5t1 & t ! prophecies reg>d+ ! ,messias _h be5 fulfill$ 9 ,himself1 9 ord] t "o rema9+ prophecy might be accompli%$1 said3 99,i ?ir/994 ,sorr[1 & suff]+1 & ! loss ( blood _h exhau/$ ! hum\rs ( ! body1 & naturally produc$ ?ir/4 #bi4 ,vas ergo erat positum #bi4 ,n[ !re 0 a vessel set aceto pl5um4 ,illi autem !re full ( v9eg>4 ,& spongiam pl5am aceto1 hyssopo !y putt+ a sponge full ( circumpon5tes1 obtul]unt ori v9eg> ab\t hyssop1 put x eius4 to 8 m\?4 #bi4 99,n[ !re 0 a vessel set !re full ( v9eg>499 ,"s ?9k t ! 8v9eg>0 0 ! posca1 or ?9 w9e1 :i* 0 ! ord9>y dr9k ( ! ,roman soldi]s1 & t x 0 !re on ?is occasion = _! use4 ,b ! fact t ! sponge & hyssop seem to h be5 at h&1 provid$ app>5tly = ! sake ( ! victims1 makes x v probable t ! v9eg> also 0 provid$ on _! acc\nt4 ,we mu/ c>efully di/+ui% ?is occasion f ano!r ref]r$ to by ,,ss4 ,matt4 & ,m>k1 prior to ! crucifixion 7,matt4 xxvii4 #cd2 ,m>k xv4 #bc74 ,^! ,evangeli/s ref] to ! pres5t occasion also1 b !y speak ( only "o :o took ! sponge1 & gave ,*ri/ to dr9k 7,mat!w xxvii4 #dh2 ,m>k xv4 #cf74 ,we may reconcile ,/4 ,john's acc\nt ) !irs1 by say+ t he simply uses ! indef9ite plural = ! s+ul>2 or t he ascribes to _m :at 0 done by "o ) _! approval4 ,"o ( ^? pres5t1 !n1 probably a soldi]1 took a sponge17#acj7 & soak$ x 9 v9eg>1 & fa/5$ x ar\nd ! po9t ( a sprig ( hyssop1 & !n rea*$ x up to our ,"l's m\? t ,he might suck x4 ,?us 0 ! ,scripture accompli%$3 8,& 9 ,my ?ir/ !y gave ,me v9eg> to dr9k0 7,ps4 lxviii4 #bb74 ,_m ?9k t ! v9eg> 0 giv5 to ha/5 dea?4 ,hyssop is an aromatic plant1 :i* gr[s ^u walls4 ,its /alks are less ?an two feet long1 s t our ,"l's m\? seems n to h be5 rais$ high] above ! gr\nd ?an su* a /alk 9 a man's out/ret*$ arm c\ld rea*4 #cj4 ,cum ergo accepisset ,iesus #cj4 ,jesus !re=e :5 he acetum1 dixit3 ,consummatum _h tak5 ! v9eg>1 said3 e/4 ,et incl9ato capite ,x is consummat$4 ,& b[+ tradidit spirituum4 8 head1 he gave up ! gho/4 #cj4 99,x is consummat$992 t is1 all ! purpose ( ,my life is complet$2 only "o ?+ rema9s1 t ,i f9i% ,my c\rse & cr[n ,my life & suff]+s by ,my dea?4 ,!n1 z ,/4 ,luke tells u3 8,jesus cry+ ) a l\d voice1 said3 ,fa!r into ?y h&s ,i comm5d my _s4 ,& say+ ?is he gave up ! gho/0 7,luke xxiii4 #df74 99,he gave up ! gho/499 ,he gave up ,8 s\l into ! h&s ( ,8 et]nal ,fa!r4 ,! expression us$ seems to be employ$ ) ! special purpose ( %[+ t ,8 dea? itself 0 a volunt>y act 7comp4 x4 #ag1 #ah74 8,spiritum cum v]bo sponte dimisit1 praev5to c>nificis (ficio40 7,t]tull4 ,apol41 *4 #ba1 p4 #eh47 ,& ,/4 ,augu/9e on ?is v]se says beautifully3 8,quis ita dormit qu&o volu]it1 sicut ,jesus mortuus e/ qu&o voluit8 ,quis ita ve/em ponit qu&o volu]it1 sicut se c>ne exuit qu&o vult8 ,quis ita cum volu]it abit1 quomodo ille cum voluit obiit8 ,quanta sp]&a vel tim5da pote/as e/ judicantis1 si app>uit tanta mori5tis80 ,x may be useful to set d[n "h toge!r :at are commonly ref]r$ to z ! sev5 la/ 8words0 ( ,jesus on ! cross4 ,! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s record f\r ( !m1 & ,/4 ,john ! o!r ?ree4 ,! fir/ 03 8,fa!r =give !m1 = !y "k n :at !y d0 7,luke xxiii4 #cd72 ! second1 address$ to ! good ?ief3 8,am51 ,i say to !e1 ?is day ?\ %alt be ) me 9 p>adise0 7,luke xxiii4 #dc72 ! ?ird3 8,woman behold ?y son10 toge!r ) ! words address$ to ,/4 ,john3 8,behold ?y "m0 7,john xix4 #bf1 #bg72 ! f\r?3 8,my ,god1 my ,god1 :y ha/ ?\ =sak5 me80 7,mat!w xxvii4 #df2 ,m>k xv4 #cd72 ! fif?3 8,i ?ir/0 7,john xix4 #bh72 ! six?3 8,x is consummat$0 7,john xix4 #cj72 & ! sev5?3 8,fa!r into ?y h&s ,i comm5d my _s0 7,luke xxiii4 #df74 #ca4 ,iudaei ergo 7quoniam #ca4 ,!n ! ,jews 7because x p>asceve erat71 ut non 0 ! p>asceve7 t ! reman]5t 9 cruce corpora bodies might n rema9 ^u sabbato 7erat enim magnus dies ! cross on ! sabba?day ille sabbati71 rogav]unt 7= t 0 a great sabba? ,pilatum ut frang]5tur eorum day7 bes\ght ,pilate t crura1 et toll]5tur4 _! legs might be brok51 & t !y might be tak5 away4 #ca4 997,because x 0 ! p>asceve7 t ! bodies991 c4 ,we w\ld take away ! brackets4 ,! fact t x 0 ,friday1 & t ! ,sabba? 01 !re=e1 ne>1 made ! ,jews anxi\s to h ! bodies remov$4 ,?is v]se /rongly confirms ! view we hold 7see above on v]se #ad7 t ,/4 ,john means by p>asceve1 ! day be=e ! ,sabba?1 t is to say1 ,friday2 n ! day be=e ! ,pas*al fea/4 ,=1 9 ! pres5t v]se ! fact t x 0 ! p>asceve is evid5tly tak5 to imply t ! next day w\ld be ! ,sabba?4 99,= t 0 a great sabba? day499 ,! bett]support$ ,greek read+ w\ld be r5d]$3 ,= great 0 ! day ( t sabba? 7 74 ,! mean+ is t ?is ,sabba? 0 specially solemn1 because x 0 ! ,sabba? t fell )9 ! ,pas*al week4 99,& t !y might be tak5 away499 ,we read 9 ,deut4 xxi4 #bb1 #bc3 8,:5 a man ha? committ$ a crime = :i* he is puni%$ ) dea?1 & be+ condemn$ to die is hang$ on a gibbet1 8 body %all n rema9 ^u ! tree1 b %all be buri$ ! same day40 ,x 0 m ?an usually necess>y to h ! bodies buri$ on ! same day 9 ! pres5t case1 z ! next day 0 to be a ,sabba?1 & a v special ,sabba?1 too4 ,& z ! ,sabba? began at sunset1 h5ce ! anxiety ( ! ,jews to h ! bodies remov$4 ,! break+ ( ! legs 0 int5d$ to insure dea?4 ,) ! ,romans x 0 usual to let ! bodies ( ! crucifi$ hang till !y rott$4 #cb4 ,v5]unt ergo milites3 et #cb4 ,! soldi]s !re=e primi quidem freg]unt crura1 came3 & !y broke ! legs et alt]ius1 qui crucifixus ( ! fir/1 & ( ! o!r e/ cum eo4 t 0 crucifi$ ) him4 #cc4 ,ad ,iesum autem cum #cc4 ,b aft] !y 7 come v5iss5t1 ut vid]unt eum iam to ,jesus1 :5 !y saw t mortuum1 non freg]unt eius he 0 already dead1 !y did crura3 n break 8 legs4 #cd4 ,s$ unus militum lancea #cd4 ,b "o ( ! soldi]s latus eius ap]uit1 et ) a spe> op5$ 8 side1 cont9uo exivit sanguis et & imm$iately !re came out aqua4 blood & wat]4 #cd4 99,op5$99 7,vulg41 ap]uit7 998 side994 ,x is v mu* m probable t ! v]b 9 ! orig9al is 7pi]c$7 n 7op5$74 99,a spe>992 774 ,?is 0 ! long lance ( a horseman4 ,! lance is n[ pres]v$ & v5]at$ 9 ,rome1 9 ,/4 ,pet]'s4 ,x wants ! po9t1 :i* is kept 9 ! holy *apel 9 ,p>is4 ,x is unc]ta9 :e!r x 0 ,*ri/'s "r side or left t 0 pi]c$ ) a lance4 ,accord+ to ! ,e?iopian ,v]sion1 & ! apocryphal ,gospels ( ,nicodemus & ! ,infancy1 x 0 ! "r4 ,?us a v e>ly tradition po9ts to ! "r side1 & x 0 on 8 "r side1 too1 t ,/4 ,francis 0 m>k$ :5 he receiv$ ! sacr$ /igmata4 99,& imm$iately !re came out blood & wat]499 ,x is disput$ :e!r ?is fl[ ( blood & wat] 0 natural or miracul\s4 7#a7 ,"s hold t ea* fl[ 0 miracul\s1 because 9 a dead body blood does n fl[ & wat] is n f\nd 9 ! region ( ! he>t4 7#b7 ,o!rs1 on ! contr>y1 hold t 9 ea* case ! fl[ 0 q natural1 because 9 a dead body ! clot or r$ corpuscles become sep>at$ f ! s]um or wat]y sub/ance ( ! blood1 & bo? w\ld naturally fl[ out :5 ,*ri/'s side 0 pi]c$4 ,?is op9ion1 h[ev]1 is improbable1 z ! be/ mod]n physiologi/s say x w\ld require f\r h\rs aft] dea? to effect ?is sep>ation17#aca7 & no su* l5g? ( "t c be admitt$ betwe5 ! dea? ( ,*ri/ at ?ree o'clock & ! pi]c+ ( 8 side1 = he _h to be buri$ be=e sunset1 t is to say1 at ! late/1 ab\t #f p4m4 7#c7 ,h5ce o!rs hold t ,*ri/'s he>t _h brok51 & t ! blood :i* _h !re=e fl[$ into ! p]ic>dium1 or %ea? ( ! he>t1 _h become1 :5 extravasat$1 rapidly dissolv$ into its con/itu5t elem5ts4 ,?is view is held by "s writ]s ( great au?ority4 ,see ,dr4 ,/r\d's ,treatise on ! ,physical ,cause ( ! ,dea? ( ,*ri/4 ,aga9/ x1 h[ev]1 we h ! op9ion ( physiologi/s1 t ! he>t nev] breaks except 9 ^? 9 :om ! organism has be5 long diseas$2 & x is contr>y to ! common op9ion t ,*ri/ took or _h a diseas$ body1 or any diseas$ organ4 7#d7 ,h5ce1 ) ,corluy1 we ?9k ! mo/ probable view is1 t ! blood fl[$ naturally f a body only a %ort "t dead1 ! wat] miracul\sly4 ,c]ta9ly ! fa!rs g5]ally seem to see 9 ?is fl[ ( blood & wat] a my/]y1 some?+ t 0 n ord9>y or natural1 & _m ?9k t our ,evangeli/ himself1 9 ! next v]se1 insi/s ^u ! tru? ( :at he says1 z if x 7 some?+ :olly unnatural & difficult to believe4 ,x may1 h[ev]1 be repli$ to ?is latt] argum5t t he insi/s ^u ! tru? ( ! facts1 n because any?+ miracul\s & difficult to believe _h tak5 place1 b because !re 0 "q ( ! fulfilm5t ( two important ,messianic prophecies4 ,accord+ to ! fa!rs1 ! fl[ ( blood typifi$ ! ,sacram5t ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/1 t ( wat]1 ! ,sacram5t ( ,baptism4 ,?us ,/4 ,cyril ( ,alex43 8,lancea latus ejus p]fodiunt1 unde cruor aqua mi/us scaturiit1 quod ,eulogiae my/icae et baptismatis imago qua$am erat atque primitiae40 #ce4 ,et qui vidit1 te/imonium #ce4 ,& he t saw x ha? p]hibuit3 et v]um e/ giv5 te/imony3 & 8 te/imonium eius4 ,et ille scit te/imony is true4 ,& he quia v]a dicit3 ut et vos kn[e? t he sai? true2 cr$atis4 t y also may believe4 #ce4 99,& he t saw99 7ha? se57 99x ha? giv5 te/imony994 8,x0 is n repres5t$ 9 ! orig9al1 & ought n to /& 9 our ,engli% v]sion1 z x seems to det]m9e ! ref]5ce to be m]ely to ! sight ( ! fl[ ( blood & wat]4 ,we take ! object ( ! v]b 8ha? se510 to be all t is /at$ 9 ! two prec$+ v]ses2 namely1 t ,*ri/'s legs 7 n brok51 t ,8 side 0 pi]c$1 & t blood & wat] fl[$4 ,t ?is is ! mean+ is prov$ by ! next v]se4 99,t y also may believe499 ,! s5se is n t y also may believe t blood & wat] fl[$1 or t ,*ri/ really di$2 b1 ) ,beel42 ,bisp41 ,corl41 t y also1 z well z ,i1 may m firmly believe t ,jesus is ! ,messias =etold by ! prophets4 ,^! words1 !n1 express ! full purpose t our ,evangeli/ _h 9 view 9 te/ify+ to ! facts j /at$4 7t7 may be tak5 to dep5d ^u ! ?ree prec$+ clauses1 or ^u ! words imm$iately prec$+3 8sai? true40 #cf4 ,facta sunt enim haec1 ut #cf4 ,= ^! ?+s 7 done scriptura impl]etur3 ,os non t ! scripture might be comm9uetis ex eo4 fulfill$3 ,y %all n break a bone ( him4 #cf4 99,= ^! ?+s 7 done499 8,=0 e/abli%es ! connection1 & proves1 we ?9k1 ! view we hold4 ,x is z if ! ,evangeli/ said3 ^! ?+s happ5$1 & ,i insi/ ^u _! tru?1 because !y af=d a /rong argum5t :y y %\ld believe t ,jesus 0 ! ,messias4 99,y %all n break a bone ( him991 _h ref]5ce 9 its lit]al s5se 7,exod4 vii4 #df2 ,num4 ix4 #ab7 to ! ,pas*al lamb2 yet1 ,/4 ,john tells u "h t ! prophecy 0 fulfill$ 9 ,*ri/4 ,h5ce we h "h an inv9cible argum5t = ! exi/5ce ( a my/ical s5se 9 ,scripture4 #cg4 ,et it]um alia scriptura #cg4 ,& aga9 ano!r dicit3 ,videbunt 9 quem scripture sai?3 ,!y %all transfix]unt4 look on him :om !y pi]c$4 #cg4 ,! quotation is f ,za*4 xii4 #aj1 accord+ to ! ,hebrew text1 except t1 p]haps1 ! correct read+ 9 ,za*4 is 8on me10 & n 8on him40 ,! passage 9 ,za*4 is ,messianic 9 its lit]al s5se1 & ! context %[s t !re is "q ( look+ ^u ,jesus 9 sorr[ & regret = :at _h tak5 place4 ,we "k f ,/4 ,luke t 8all ! multitude return$ 7f ,calv>y7 /rik+ _! brea/s0 7xxiii4 #dh74 #ch4 ,po/ haec autem rogavit #ch4 ,aft] ^! ?+s ,joseph ,pilatum ,ioseph ab ,arima?aea ( ,arima!a 7because he 0 a 7eo quod esset discipulus disciple ( ,jesus1 b ,iesu1 occultus autem propt] secretly = fe> ( ! ,jews7 metum ,iudaeorum71 ut toll]et bes\ght ,pilate t he might corpus ,iesu4 ,et p]misit take away ! body ( ,jesus4 ,pilatus4 ,v5it ergo1 et tulit ,& ,pilate gave leave4 ,he came corpus ,iesu4 !re=e & took away ! body ( ,jesus4 #ch4 99,aft] ^! ?+s499 ,we le>n f ,,ss4 ,mat!w & ,m>k t :5 ,joseph approa*$ ,pilate x 0 ev5+ 7,mat!w xxvii4 #eg2 ,m>k xv4 #db74 ,joseph 0 8a ri* man0 7,mat!w xxvii4 #eg71 8a noble c\nsellor0 7,m>k xv4 #dc71 t is a memb] ( ! ,sanh$rim1 8a good & a j man0 7,luke xxiii4 #ej74 99,arima!a499 ,op9ion is divid$ z to :e!r ?is 0 ,rama 9 ! tribe ( ,b5jam9 7,matt4 ii4 #ah71 or ,rama 7,rama?aimsophim7 9 ! tribe ( ,ephraim 7#a ,k+s i4 #a74 ,! latt]1 ! bir?place ( ! ,prophet ,samuel1 is call$ ,rama?a 9 #a ,k+s i4 #ai4 ,/4 ,luke calls ,arima!a 8a city ( ,judea0 7,luke xxiii4 #ea74 ,/4 ,j]ome 7,onom4 sacr41 #bnd ,ed41 p4 #agh7 id5tifies ,arima!a ) ,remftis1 n[ ,rantieh1 on ! pla9 ,nor? ( ,lydda4 ,see ,smi?'s ,b4 ,d4 sub voc4 99,secretly499 ,till n[ he _h be5 a disciple 9 secret1 b aft] ! dea? ( ,*ri/ bo? he & ,nicodemus boldly appe>$ 9 public z devot$ fri5ds ( _! dead ,ma/]4 99,& ,pilate gave leave499 ,p]mission 0 usually giv5 to ! fri5ds ( "o :o _h be5 execut$ to bury 8 body4 ,sometimes1 inde$1 ,roman ,gov]nors grant$ su* p]mission only on receiv+ money f ! fri5ds 7,cic41 ,v]r4 v4 #de71 b 9 ! pres5t in/ance ,pilate grant$ ! privilege gratis 78,donavit corpus ,jesu10 ,m>k xv4 #de74 ,we le>n f ,/4 ,m>k t ,pilate gave ! body only aft] he _h summon$ ! c5turion & le>n$ t ,jesus 0 dead 7,m>k xv4 #dd1 #de74 99,he came !re=e & took away ! body ( ,jesus499 ,we le>n f ,/4 ,m>k 7xv4 #df71 & ,/4 ,luke 7xxiii4 #ec71 t he 8took d[n0 ! body ( ,jesus1 ei!r aid+ 9 or direct+ ! "w4 ,h5ce he mu/ h return$ to ! foot ( ! cross1 be=e ! ord]s giv5 to ! soldi]s 7v]ses #ca1 #cb7 7 fully c>ri$ out4 ,if we suppose ,joseph to h come soon aft] ! ,jews 7v]se #ca7 to ,pilate1 ! gov]nor1 be=e grant+ 8 reque/1 w\ld naturally wi% to be c]ta9 t ,jesus 0 dead1 & w\ld !re=e summon ! c5turion & make inquiry 7,m>k xv4 #dd1 #de72 !n ,joseph1 return+ f :]ev] ,pilate 0 at ! "t1 arriv$ be=e ! body ( our ,"l _h be5 tak5 d[n by ! soldi]s4 #ci4 ,v5it autem et ,nicodemus1 #ci4 ,& ,nicodemus also came1 qui v5]at ad ,iesum nocte he :o at fir/ came to ,jesus primum1 f]5s mixturam by night1 br++ a mixture myrrhae et alos1 quasi libras ( myrrh & aloes1 ab\t an c5tum4 hundr$ p\nd weight4 #ci4 99,he :o at fir/ came to ,jesus by night499 ,! ref]5ce is to ! visit record$ above 9 iii4 #a1 ff4 ,/4 ,john alone makes m5tion ( ,nicodemus on ?is occasion4 ,! phrase 8at fir/0 may imply t ,nicodemus visit$ ,*ri/ on o!r occasions1 or x may indicate m]ely ! beg9n+ ( ,*ri/'s m9i/ry4 ,! pres5t public act ( rev]5ce 9 ! light ( day1 beside a cr[d$ city1 is ?r[n into relief by contra/ ) ! timid visit !n paid 8by night40 99,br++ a mixture ( myrrh & aloes1 ab\t an hundr$ p\nd weight499 8,! comp\nd 0 made ( ! gum ( ! myrrh tree1 & a p[d] ( ! fragrant aloe wood4 ,! am\nt ( ! prep>ation 7#8ab\t a hundr$ p\nd weight1' t is1 a hundr$ ,roman p\nds ( ne>ly twelve ounces7 has caus$ "s ne$less difficulty4 ,! int5tion ( ,nicodemus 01 )\t d\bt1 to cov] ! body completely ) ! mass ( aromatics4 ,comp4 #b1 ,*ro4 7,p>alip47 xvi4 #ad3 = ?is purpose ! quantity 0 n excessive z a co/ly gift ( devotion40 7,we/c4 9 ,! ,speak]'s ,comm5t>y47 #dj4 ,accep]unt ergo corpus #dj4 ,!y took !re=e ! ,iesu1 et ligav]unt illud body ( ,jesus1 & b\nd x 9 l9teis cum aromatibus1 sicut l95 clo?s ) ! spices1 mos e/ ,iudaeis sepelire4 z ! mann] ( ! ,jews is to bury4 #dj4 99,& b\nd x 9 l95 clo?s99 774 ,!y b\nd ! body 9 swa!s ( l95 clo? cov]$ ) lay]s ( ! aromatic mixture4 ,! ,synopti/s speak only ( 8a l95 clo?0 77 9 :i* ! body 0 8wrapp$40 ,we may naturally suppose t ! body :5 embalm$ 0 wrapp$ 9 a l>ge l95 clo?4 99,a new sepul*re1 :]e9 no man yet _h be5 laid499 ,we le>n f ,/4 ,mat!w 7xxvii4 #fj71 t ! sepul*re belong$ to ,joseph1 & f all ! ,synopti/s t x 0 hewn out ( a rock1 & !re=e artificial4 ,z no o!r body _h be5 buri$ 9 ! sepul*re1 !re c\ld be no possible d\bt t ! body t rose 0 t ( our ,"l4 #da4 ,erat autem1 9 loco ubi #da4 ,n[ !re 0 9 ! crucifixus e/1 hortus1 et 9 place1 :]e he 0 crucifi$1 horto monum5tum novum1 9 quo a g>d52 & 9 ! g>d5 a nondum quisquam positus erat4 new sepul*re1 :]e9 no man yet _h be5 laid4 #db4 ,ibi ergo propt] #db4 ,!re !re=e because ( p>ascev5 ,iudaeorum1 quia ! p>asceve ( ! ,jews !y iuxta erat monum5tum1 laid ,jesus1 because ! posu]unt ,iesum4 sepul*re 0 nigh at h&4 #db4 99,because ! sepul*re 0 nigh at h&499 ,x seems to be impli$ t if !re _h be5 m "t1 "s o!r sepul*re w\ld h be5 *os54 ,z x 01 because ! ,sabba? 0 at h& !y laid ,him 9 ! tomb t 0 mo/ conv5i5t4 ,/4 ,john writ+ = ! ,*ri/ians ( ,asia ,m9or1 speaks ( 8! p>asceve ( ! ,jews10 because :5 he wrote1 ,saturday 0 ! ,p>asceve ( ,*ri/ians1 ! day ( re/ hav+ be5 already *ang$ f ,saturday to ,sunday1 9 hon\r ( our ,bless$ ,"l's resurrection4 7,see ,acts xx4 #g2 #a ,cor4 xvi4 #b47 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 #aaj4 99,on ,ea/] ,sunday morn+ ,magdal5 comes to ! tomb1 & !n runs to ,pet] & ,john1 :o also come to ! tomb499 #aaag4 99,magdal51 hav+ foll[$ ,pet] & ,john back to ! tomb1 sees fir/ two angels1 & !n ,jesus ,himself499 #ah4 99,!n %e ann\nces to ! disciples t ,jesus _h appe>$ to h]499 #aibc4 99,appe>ance ( ,jesus to ! disciples on ,ea/] ,sunday ev5+ :5 he in/itut$ ! ,sacram5t ( ,p5ance499 #bd1 #be4 99,incr$ulity ( ,?omas499 #bfbi4 99,appe>ance ( ,jesus aga9 on ,l[ ,sunday to ,?omas & ! o!r disciples1 :5 ,?omas believes1 & confesses 8 fai?499 #cj1 #ca4 99,incomplet5ess ( ?is n>rative reg>d+ ! miracles :i* ,*ri/ wr\ght to prove 8 resurrection1 & /atem5t ( ! object :i* ,/4 ,john _h 9 view 9 record+ :at he has record$499 ,/4 ,john's n>rative reg>d+ ! visit ( ,magdal5 to ! tomb on ,ea/] ,sunday morn+ is v simple1 :5 tak5 by itself4 ,%e came to ! tomb or1 at lea/1 />t$ = x1 8:5 x 0 yet d>k10 & !n ran f ! tomb to tell ,pet] & ,john t ! body ( ,jesus _h be5 remov$ 7xx4 #a1 #b74 ,b :5 we comp>e ?is acc\nt ) ^? ( ! o!r ,evangeli/s sev]al s]i\s difficulties arise4 ,?us1 :ile ,/4 ,john says t ,magdal5 8come? e>ly1 :5 x 0 yet d>k1 unto ! sepul*re20 ,/4 ,mat!w says t %e & ! o!r ,m>y came to see ! sepul*re 89 ! end ( ! ,sabba? 7accord+ to ! ,vulgate3 #8,vesp]e ,sabbati'71 :5 x began to dawn t[>ds ! fir/ day ( ! week0 7,matt4 xxviii4 #a74 ,& ,/4 ,m>k creates /ill fur!r difficulty :5 he says3 8,& :5 ! ,sabba? 0 pa/1 ,m>y ,magdal51 & ,m>y 7! "m7 ( ,james1 & ,salome b\ght 7n br\ght2 ,vulg4 em]unt7 sweet spices1 t com+ !y might ano9t ,jesus4 ,& v e>ly 9 ! morn+1 ! fir/ day ( ! week1 !y come to ! sepul*re1 ! sun be+ n[ ris50 7,m>k xvi4 #ab74 ,?us1 :ile ,/4 ,matt4 repres5ts ,magdal5 z com+ to ! sepul*re 9 ! end ( ! ,sabba?1 or z ! /ill m difficult text ( ! ,vulgate has x3 8,vesp]e ,sabbati10 ,/4 ,m>k repres5ts h] z com+ on ,sunday morn+1 :5 ! sun 0 ris52 & ,/4 ,john1 z com+ on ! ,sunday morn+ :5 x 0 yet d>k4 ,aga91 :ile ,/4 ,john does n m5tion ! appe>ance ( any angel on ! occasion ( ,magdal5's fir/ visit to ! tomb 7,john xx4 #a71 ,/4 ,m>k says t :5 ! wom5 ent]$ ! tomb 8!y saw a "y man sitt+ on ! "r side clo!d ) a :ite robe0 7,m>k xvi4 #e72 & ,/4 ,luke1 t aft] ! wom5 ent]$ ! tomb1 & f\nd n ! body ( ! ,"l 8behold two m5 /ood by !m 9 %9+ app>el0 7,luke xxiv4 #d747acb7 ,v>i\s !ories h be5 advanc$ to reconcile ^! diff]5t acc\nts4 ,maldonatus 7on ,matt4 xxviii4 #c7 und]takes1 ) 8 usual great ability1 b1 we ?9k1 )\t success1 to reconcile !m 9 ! hypo!sis1 n m]ely t !re 0 only "o company ( wom51 b also t ,m>y ,magdal5 visit$ ! tomb b once on ! morn+ ( ! resurrection4 ,o!rs1 :ile admitt+ t ,magdal5 came twice to ! tomb t morn+1 z1 inde$1 seems to foll[ naturally f ,/4 ,john's acc\nt 7xx4 #baa71 hold t !re 0 only "o company ( wom51 & t all ! ,evangeli/s speak ( ! same company4 ,o!rs aga9 hold t n only did ,magdal5 come twice to ! tomb1 b t at lea/ two diff]5t companies ( wom5 visit$ ! tomb t morn+1 & t "s ,evangeli/s ref] to ! visit ( "o company1 o!rs to ! visit ( ! o!r company4 ,?us ,patrizzi 7,de ,evang41 ,diss4 liii4 #e1 #f1 #g7 supposes ,,ss4 ,matt4 & ,m>k to ref] to ! visit ( "o company1 ,,ss4 ,luke & ,john to ! visit ( a diff]5t company4 ,on ! o!r h& ,dr4 ,wal% 7,h>mony ( ! ,gosp4 ,n>r471 ,cornely 7,introd4 ,,iii41 ,synops4 ,*ron41 p4 #cja71 & ,greswell 7,h>m4 ( ! ,gosp471 suppose ,/4 ,luke to ref] to ! visit ( "o company1 ! o!r ?ree ,evangeli/s to t ( a diff]5t company4 ,! foll[+ seems to u ! mo/ satisfactory me?od ( reconcil+ all ! acc\nts4 ,v e>ly on ,sunday morn+1 8:5 x 0 yet d>k0 7,john xx4 #a71 ,m>y ,magdal51 accompani$1 p]haps f ! />t1 by ,m>y ( ,cleophas1 set out f ,be?any1 :]e we suppose h] to h sp5t ! prec$+ day & night 9 ! h\se ( h] bro!r ,laz>us4 ,to ?is same dep>ture f ,be?any & to ! same two wom5 7comp>e ,matt4 xxviii4 #a ) xxvii4 #ef7 ,/4 ,matt4 ref]s3 8,& 9 ! end ( ! ,sabba?1 :5 x began to dawn t[>ds ! fir/ day ( ! week1 came ,m>y ,magdal5 & ! o!r ,m>y to see ! sepul*re0 7,matt4 xxviii4 #a747acc7 ,proce$+ on _! way !y 7 jo9$ by ,salome & probably by o!rs1 & arriv$ at ! tomb1 8! sun be+ n[ ris50 7,m>k xvi4 #b74 ,! j\rney f ,be?any 0 ne>ly ?ree miles1 = ,be?any 0 ne>ly two miles ea/ ( ,j]usalem 7,john xi4 #ah71 & ,calv>y 0 ano!r mile we/w>d f ! ea/]n "p ( ! city4 ,we may well suppose1 !n1 t an h\r & a half--! l5g? ( morn+ twilight at ,j]usalem ab\t ! season ( ! ,pas* 7,patriz4 ,diss4 liii4 #b7--0 sp5t on ! j\rney1 especially if1 z we may suppose1 !re 7 delays on ! way :ile ! p>ty 0 be+ jo9$ by o!r wom52 & h5ce1 ?\gh ! />t f ,be?any took place :ile x 0 /ill d>k 7,john xx4 #a71 !y did n arrive at ! tomb till ! sun _h ris5 7,m>k xvi4 #b74 ,:ile ^! wom5 7 on _! way1 ,*ri/ rose & quitt$ ! seal$ tomb1 & aft] ,8 resurrection an angel roll$ away ! /one & sat ^u x1 9 ! sight ( ! gu>ds 7,matt4 xxviii4 #bd74 ,! wom5 on arriv+ saw ! /one already roll$ away 7,m>k xvi4 #d2 ,john xx4 #a71 & ,magdal5 probably ran & look$ into ! tomb4 ,n see+ ! body ( ,jesus1 %e conclud$ x _h be5 remov$1 & ran to say s to ! disciples 7,john xx4 #b74 ,h] companions rema9$ at ! tomb & ent]$ x1 & ! angel m5tion$ by ,/4 ,matt4 7xxviii4 #e7 & ,/4 ,m>k 7xvi4 #e7 appe>$ to !m4 ,! wom5 !n left ! tomb 9 fe> & a/oni%m5t & great joy1 & ran to tell ! disciples1 b ?r\gh fe> told no "o on ! way 7,m>k xvi4 #h71 ?\gh _! he>ts 7 full ( ! wond]ful & joy\s ev5t4 ,soon aft] _! dep>ture f ! tomb1 ,pet] & ,john arriv$ com+ to see if :at ,magdal5 ann\nc$ 0 true4 ,!n ,pet] & ,john dep>t$1 & ,magdal5 :o _h foll[$ !m to ! tomb1 rema9$ beh9d !m1 & saw ! two angels sitt+ 7,john xx4 #ab74 ,!n ,jesus appe>$ to h] 7,john xx4 #adag71 be=e he _h appe>$ to anyone else1 z we le>n f ,/4 ,m>k3 8,b ,he ris+ e>ly ! fir/ day ( ! week appe>$ fir/ to ,m>y ,magdal5 out ( :om he _h ca/ sev5 devils0 7xvi4 #i747acd7 ,meantime ! wom51 ,magdal5's companions1 7 on _! way to ! disciples1 & n[ ,jesus appe>$ to !m 7,matt4 xxviii4 #i71 imm$iately aft] ,he _h appe>$ to ,magdal54 ,& n[ we h reconcil$ ! acc\nts ( ,,ss4 ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 & ,john reg>d+ ,magdal5 & h] companions4 ,x rema9s to speak ( ,/4 ,luke's acc\nt4 ,we believe t ,/4 ,luke speaks ( a diff]5t company ( wom5 f t ref]r$ to by ! o!r ,evangeli/s4 ,!re is no?+ improbable 9 suppos+ t m ?an "o company ( wom5 came to ! tomb on ,sunday morn+4 ,z !y _h n be5 able to visit x on ! ,sabba?1 a visit ( sev]al companies on ,sunday morn+ is j :at might be expect$4 ,b we are n oblig$ to dep5d m]ely on a priori reason+4 ,= ,/4 ,luke's company prep>$ _! spices on ,friday ev5+ be=e ! ,sabba?3 8& return+ !y prep>$ spices & o9tm5ts3 & on ! ,sabba?day !y re/$ accord+ to ! comm&m5t0 7,luke xxiii4 #ef72 ! o!r company1 aft] ! ,sabba?1 :5 ! fir/ day ( ! ,jewi% week _h begun3 8& :5 ! ,sabba? 0 pa/1 ,m>y ,magdal5 & ,m>y ! "m ( ,james & ,salome b\ght sweet spices1 t com+ !y might ano9t ,jesus40 7,m>k xvi4 #a74 ,moreov]1 ! wom5 ( :om ,/4 ,luke speaks seem to h come to ! tomb e>li] ?an any o!r company1 = !y came 7lit]ally1 at ! fir/ dawn1 ,luke xxiv4 #a73 & we are n to conclude t !y m]ely set out = ! tomb at ?is e>ly h\r1 = !y seem to h arriv$ at ! tomb be=e ! sun 0 ris53 see ,luke xxiv4 #bb3 4 ,aga91 ! natural inf]5ce f ,luke xxiv4 #iab1 #bbbd is t ! wom5 he m5tions _h return$ f ! tomb & ann\nc$ ,*ri/'s resurrection be=e ,pet] & ,john w5t to ! tomb4 ,we are dispos$ to hold ) ,patrizzi 7,lib4 iii41 ,diss4 liii4 #d7 t ,/4 ,luke xxiv4 #aj is a summ>y acc\nt ( all ! ann\ncem5ts made by ! v>i\s wom5 to ! diff]5t foll[]s ( ,*ri/ t morn+2 & h5ce all ! wom5 !re ref]r$ to ne$ n be suppos$ to h gone to ! disciples be=e ,pet] & ,john w5t to ! tomb4 ,b we ?9k t ,luke xxiv4 #bbbd1 comp>$ ) ,luke xxiv4 #ab1 proves t o!rs besides ,magdal5 _h come to ! disciples f ! tomb be=e ,pet] & ,john w5t ?i!r4 8,yea1 & c]ta9 wom5 also ( our company affright$ u1 :o be=e x 0 light 77 7 at ! sepul*re4 ,& n f9d+ 8 body1 came1 say+ t !y _h also se5 a vision ( angels1 :o say t he is alive4 ,& "s ( our p w5t to ! sepul*re3 & f\nd x s z ! wom5 _h said1 b him !y f\nd n0 7,luke xxiv4 #bbbd74 ,h5ce we hold t ,/4 ,luke's company ( wom5 />t$ = ! tomb at e>ly dawn1 aft] ,magdal5 _h set out f ,be?any1 b z !y probably sp5t ! night 9 ,j]usalem1 !y arriv$ be=e h]1 saw ! two angels /&+ 7,luke xxiv4 #d71 & !n w5t to ann\nce ,*ri/'s resurrection to ! disciples4 ,n long aft] ! dep>ture ( ?is company1 ,magdal5 & h] companions arriv$ at ! tomb1 & ,magdal5 runn+ f ! tomb 7,john xx4 #b7 arriv$ at ! h\se :]e ,pet] & ,john 7 /ay+1 ab\t ! same "t z ,/4 ,luke's company1 or p]haps a little lat]4 ,h] ann\ncem5t t ! ,"l's body _h be5 remov$1 confirm+ to "s ext5t ! ann\ncem5t ( ,/4 ,luke's company t ,he _h ris51 ,pet] & ,john n[ ran to ! tomb4 ,! ev5ts t foll[$ h be5 already arrang$ above4 #a4 ,una autem sabbati1 ,m>ia #a4 ,& on ! fir/ day ( ! ,magdal5e v5it mane1 cum week1 ,m>y ,magdal5 come? adhuc t5ebrae ess5t1 ad e>ly1 :5 x 0 yet d>k monum5tum2 et vidit lapidem unto ! sepul*re3 & %e sublatum a monum5to4 saw ! /one tak5 away f ! sepul*re4 #a4 99,! fir/ day ( ! week499 ,! ,vulgate read+ 8una0 77 is a ,hebraism = prima2 & ! week is call$ by ! "n ( its pr9cipal day1 ! ,sabba?4 ,comp4 ,luke xviii4 #bb4 99,& :5 x 0 yet d>k499 ,%e />t$ f ,be?any :ile x 0 yet d>k1 b %e did n arrive at ,calv>y till ! sun 0 ris5 7,m>k xvi4 #b74 #b4 ,cucurrit ergo1 et v5it ad #b4 ,%e ran !re=e1 & ,simonem ,petrum1 et ad alium come? to ,simon ,pet]1 & to discipulum quem amabat ,iesus1 ! o!r disciple :om ,jesus et dicit illis3 ,tul]unt lov$1 & sai? to !m3 ,!y ,dom9um de monum5to1 et h tak5 away ! ,"l out nescimus ubi posu]unt eum4 ( ! sepul*re1 & we "k n :]e !y h laid him4 #b4 ,x is likely t be=e runn+ to tell ! ,apo/les t ! body 0 remov$1 ,magdal5 _h look$ into ! sepul*re & conv9c$ h]self x 0 n !re4 99,& come? to ,simon ,pet]499 ,not)/&+ 8 fall on ! prec$+ ,?ursday night1 :i* c h>dly h rema9$ till n[ unkn[n to ,magdal51 ,pet] 0 /ill reg>d$ z ! lead] ( ! disciples4 99,! o!r disciple :om ,jesus lov$991 is our ,evangeli/4 ,he & ,pet] may h be5 /ay+ 9 diff]5t places 9 ! city4 ,our ,bless$ ,lady 0 /ay+ 9 ! same h\se z ,/4 ,john 7xix4 #bg74 99,!y h tak5 away ! ,"l499 ,x is pla9 t ! angels _h n yet appe>$ to ,magdal5 & told h] t ,jesus 0 ris54 ,yet ,maldonatus supposes %e _h already se5 ! angels1 & le>n$ t ,jesus 0 ris51 z record$ bel[ 9 v]ses #aa1 #ab1 ff4 99,we "k n499 ,^! words %[ t ,magdal5 _h n come alone to ! tomb4 #c4 ,exiit ergo ,petrus1 et ille #c4 ,pet] !re=e w5t out1 alius discipulus1 et v5]unt & t o!r disciple1 & ad monum5tum4 !y came to ! sepul*re4 #c4 99,& !y came to ! sepul*re499 ,! mean+ is t !y 8w5t t[>ds0 7 7 ! sepul*re4 #d4 ,currebant autem duo simul1 #d4 ,& !y bo? ran toge!r1 et ille alius discipulus & t o!r disciple did praecucurrit citius ,petro1 et outrun ,pet]1 & came fir/ v5it primus ad monum5tum4 to ! sepul*re4 #d4 ,we h "h ! vivid t\*es ( "o ( ! two actors 9 ! sc5e4 ,! incid5ts ( t ev5tful morn+ mu/ h rema9$ = ev] fre% 9 8 memory4 ,/4 ,john be+ ! y\ng] man 0 able to run m quickly ?an ,pet]4 #e4 ,et cum se incl9asset1 #e4 ,& :5 he /oop$ d[n1 vidit posita l9team9a1 non he saw ! l95 clo?s ly+3 tam5 introivit4 b yet he w5t n 94 #e4 ,x w\ld appe> f ?is1 z inde$ we might expect1 t x 0 necess>y to /oop 9 ord] to look into ! sepul*re4 ,see also v]se #aa & ,luke xxiv4 #ab4 ,hav+ /oop$ & look$ 91 ,/4 ,john saw 7see?7 ! l95 swa!s 9 :i* ! body ( our ,savi\r _h be5 b\nd 7xix4 #dj74 #f4 ,v5it ergo ,simon ,petrus #f4 ,!n come? ,simon ,pet]1 sequ5s eum1 et introivit 9 foll[+ him1 & w5t into monum5tum1 et vidit ! sepul*re1 & saw ! l9team9a posita4 l95 clo?s ly+4 #f4 ,/4 ,john _h arriv$ fir/ at ! tomb1 b 7det]r$ by "s feel+ ( fe> or awe7 he did n ent]1 z he takes c>e to record4 ,!n ,pet] arriv$ less fleet b m brave1 &1 app>5tly1 )\t paus+ to look 91 at once ent]s ! tomb4 99,& saw 7see?7499 ,9 ! orig9al we h "h ! v]b 1 d5ot+ an int5t & se>*+ gaze1 z di/9ct f ,/4 ,john's simple look 77 describ$ 9 ! prec$+ v]se4 #g4 ,et sud>ium quod fu]at #g4 ,& ! napk9 t _h sup] caput eius1 non cum be5 ab\t 8 head1 n ly+ l9team9ibus positum1 s$ ) ! l95 clo?s1 b sep>atim involutum 9 unum ap>t1 wrapt up into "o locum4 place4 #g4 99,& ! napk9499 ,/4 ,pet]'s m se>*+ exam9ation discov]$ :at _h be5 unnotic$ by ,/4 ,john4 ,! pres5ce ( ! l95 swa!s1 & ! napk9 fold$ & laid ap>t1 are d\btless m5tion$ z pro( t ,*ri/ 0 truly ris54 ,_h ,8 body be5 simply tak5 away to "s o!r tomb1 ^? tak+ x1 :e!r fri5ds or enemies1 w\ld n h gone to ! useless tr\ble ( remov+ ! spicecov]$ b&ages & ! napk94 ,&1 c]ta9ly1 if x _h be5 hurri$ly /ol51 su* nice c>e w\ld n h be5 tak5 to fold ! napk9 & place x ap>t4 ,s1 sub/antially1 ,/4 ,*ryso/om on ?is v]se4 #h4 ,tunc ergo introivit et ille #h4 ,!n t o!r disciple discipulus qui v5]at primus also w5t 91 :o came fir/ ad monum5tum1 et vidit1 et to ! sepul*re3 & he saw cr$idit3 & believ$4 #h4 ,/4 ,john n[ foll[$ ,pet] into ! cave4 99,& he saw & believ$499 ,/4 ,augu/9e und]/&s ?is to mean t ,john believ$ :at ,magdal5 _h said 7v]se #b71 namely t ! body ( ,jesus _h be5 remov$4 ,we pref] to und]/& t he believ$ :at ,/4 ,luke's company ( wom5 _h told him1 namely1 t ,jesus 0 ris5 f ! dead2 = :5 our ,evangeli/ speaks ( belief absolutely1 z "h1 he usually means fai?4 #i4 ,nondum enim sciebant #i4 ,= z yet !y knew n scripturam1 quia oportebat eum ! scripture1 t he mu/ a mortuis resurg]e4 rise aga9 f ! dead4 #i4 99,= z yet499 ,we take ! mean+ to be1 t z yet until n[ !y knew n ! ,scripture1 t x 0 necess>y ,jesus %\ld rise f ! dead4 ,ev5 n[ ,/4 ,pet] 8w5t away1 wond]+ 9 himself at t :i* 0 come to pass0 7,luke xxiv4 #ab74 #aj4 ,abi]unt ergo it]um #aj4 ,! disciples !re=e discipuli ad semetipsos4 dep>t$ aga9 to _! home4 #aj4 99,! disciples !re=e99--?9k+ t !y c\ld le>n no?+ m !re--99dep>t$ aga9 to _! home994 #aa4 ,m>ia autem /abat ad #aa4 ,b ,m>y /ood at ! monum5tum =is1 plorans4 ,dum sepul*re )\t1 weep+4 ergo fl]et1 incl9avit se1 et ,n[ z %e 0 weep+1 %e prospexit 9 monum5tum3 /oop$ d[n1 & look$ into ! sepul*re4 #aa4 99,b ,m>y /ood at ! sepul*re )\t1 weep+499 ,maldonatus holds t :at is "h record$ took place :5 ,magdal5 came to ! tomb 7v]se #a71 b t ,/4 ,john ha/5+ to tell ( ! com+ ( ,/4 ,pet] & himself to ! tomb1 inv]ts ! ord] ( ev5ts 9 8 n>rative4 ,b ?is is unnatural4 ,we take x t ,magdal5 _h foll[$ ,pet] & ,john back to ! tomb1 & n[ rema9$ beh9d !m4 8,a /rong] affection10 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 8rivet$ to ! spot "o ( a weak] nature40 #ab4 ,et vidit duos angelos 9 #ab4 ,& %e saw two angels 9 albis1 s$5tes1 unum ad :ite1 sitt+1 "o at ! caput1 et unum ad p$es1 ubi head1 & "o at ! feet1 positum fu]at corpus ,iesu4 :]e ! body ( ,jesus _h be5 laid4 #ab4 99,& %e saw two angels499 ,! vision ( angels n[ accord$ to ,magdal5 is n m5tion$ by any o!r ,evangeli/4 #ac4 ,dicunt ei illi3 ,muli]1 #ac4 ,!y say to h]3 ,woman1 quid ploras8 ,dicit eis3 ,quia :y weepe/ ?\8 ,%e sai? to tul]unt ,dom9um meum3 et !m3 ,because !y h tak5 nescio ubi posu]unt eum4 away my ,"l3 & ,i "k n :]e !y h laid him4 #ac4 ,magdal5's words "h are ! same z 9 v]se #b1 except t 8my ,"l0 is sub/itut$ = 8,! ,"l10 & 8,i "k n0 = 8we "k n40 ,bo? h] /atem5t & h] loss are n[ m p]sonal4 #ad4 ,haec cum dixisset1 #ad4 ,:5 %e _h ?us said1 conv]sa e/ retrorsum1 et %e turn$ h]self back1 & vidit ,iesum /antem3 et non saw ,jesus /&+2 & %e sciebat quia ,iesus e/4 knew n t x 0 ,jesus4 #ad4 99,%e turn$ h]self back499 ,magdal51 consci\s1 p]haps1 ( ano!r pres5ce1 or mov$ by ! ec/atic gaze ( ! angels on ,jesus1 n[ turn$ r\nd & saw ,him1 b did n recognise ,him4 ,probably1 z happ5$ to ! two disciples on ! way to ,emmaus 7,luke xxiv4 #af71 h] eyes 7 held t %e %\ld n "k ,him4 #ae4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,muli]1 #ae4 ,jesus sai? to h]3 ,woman1 quid ploras8 quem qua]is8 :y weepe/ ?\8 ,:om seeke/ ,illa exi/imans quia ?\8 ,%e ?9k+ t x 0 hortulanus esset1 dicit ei3 ! g>d5]1 sai? to him3 ,dom9e1 si tu su/uli/i eum1 ,sir1 if ?\ ha/ tak5 him dicito mihi ubi posui/i eum3 h5ce1 tell me :]e ?\ ha/ et ego eum tollam4 laid him3 & ,i w take him away4 #ae4 99,! g>d5]992 t is1 ! man :o _h *>ge ( ,joseph's g>d51 9 :i* our ,"l 0 buri$4 ,! man's pres5ce 9 ! g>d5 at t h\r ( ! morn+--ab\t #g o'clock--naturally sugge/$ ! ?\ght4 ,)\t answ]+ 8 "q1 ,magdal5 replies3 99,sir1 if ?\ ha/ tak5 him h5ce499444 ,z if %e imag9$ ev]yone to be fill$ l h]self ) only "o ?\ght1 %e does n say :o x is %e is seek+4 99,& ,i w take him away499 ,to h] love ev]y?+ seem$ possible1 nor does %e pause to ?9k :e!r %e c\ld c>ry ! body1 nor :i!r %e w\ld be> x4 #af4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,m>ia4 #af4 ,jesus sai? to h]3 ,m>y4 ,conv]sa illa1 dicit ei3 ,%e turn+1 sai? to him3 ,rabboni 7quod dicitur ,rabboni 7:i* is to say1 magi/]74 ,ma/]74 #af4 ,our ,"l n[ calls h] by h] "n1 & %e at once recognises ,him4 99,%e1 turn+1 sai? to him99 7v _m au?orities add 89 ,hebrew07 99,rabboni994 ,! ^w /rictly means 8my ,ma/]10 b ! pronom9al suffix1 j z 9 ,rabbi1 gradually became almo/ a "p ( ! title4 ,! ,hebrew spok5 by ,magdal5 0 ( c\rse ,syro*aldaic ,! correspond+ ^w 9 pure ,hebrew w\ld be ,rabban 774 #ag4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,noli me #ag4 ,jesus sai? to h]3 ,d n tang]e1 nondum enim asc5di t\* me1 = ,i am n yet ad ,patrem meum1 vade autem ad asc5d$ to my ,fa!r3 b g fratres meos1 et dic eis3 to my bre?r51 & say to ,asc5do ad ,patrem meum1 et !m3 ,i asc5d to my ,fa!r ,patrem ve/rum1 ,deum meum1 et & to y\r ,fa!r1 to my ,god ,deum ve/rum4 & y\r ,god4 #ag4 ,probably ,magdal5 _h pro/rat$ h]self at ,8 feet1 & 0 cl++ to !m1 z did o!r wom5 t morn+ 7,matt4 xxviii4 #i74 ,*ri/'s words are v>i\sly expla9$4 ,! foll[+ view seems to be ! mo/ natural3 ,d n seek to cl+ to ,me1 to rema9 ) ,me n[ 7 is (t5 us$ n 9 ! s5se ( t\*+1 b ( cl++ to1 hang+ on by4 ,see ,lidd4 & ,scott72 y %all h o!r opportunities ( satisfy+ y\r love1 s9ce ,i am to rema9 ) y = =ty days1 & am n at once asc5d+ to ,my ,fa!r4 99,b g to ,my bre?r5 & say to !m499 ,= h] consolation %e is made ! h>b+] ( ,*ri/'s fur!r exaltation4 99,to ,my ,fa!r & to y\r ,fa!r499 8,non ait ,patrem no/rum1 s$ ,patrem meum et ,patrem ve/rum4 ,alit] ergo meum1 alit] ve/rum3 natura meum1 gratia ve/rum4 ,neque dixit ,deum no/rum1 s$ ,deum meum1 sub quo ego homo2 et ,deum ve/rum1 int] quos et ipsum m$iator sum0 7,/4 ,aug4 on ,/4 ,john ,tr4 #aba47 #ah4 ,v5it ,m>ia ,magdal5e #ah4 ,m>y ,magdal5 come? & annuntians discipulis3 ,quia telle? ! disciples3 ,i h vidi ,dom9um1 et haec dixit se5 ! ,"l1 & ^! mihi4 ?+s he said to me4 #ah4 ,magdal5 w5t & ann\nc$ to ! disciples t %e _h se5 ! ,"l2 b1 z ,/4 ,m>k1 xvi4 #aa1 tells u1 !y did n believe h]4 #ai4 ,cum ergo s]o esset die #ai4 ,n[ :5 x 0 late t illo1 uno sabbatorum1 et =es same day1 ! fir/ ( ! ess5 clausae1 ubi erant week1 & ! doors 7 %ut1 discipuli congregati propt] :]e ! disciples 7 metum ,iudaeorum3 v5it ,iesus1 ga!r$ toge!r = fe> ( et /etit 9 m$io1 et dixit ! ,jews1 ,jesus came & /ood eis3 ,pax vobis4 9 ! mid/1 & said to !m3 ,peace be to y4 #ai4 99,n[ :5 x 0 late t same day499 ,jesus n[ appe>s to ! t5 ,apo/les on ,ea/] ,sunday ev5+4 ,be=e ?is1 & aft] ! appe>ance to ,magdal51 ,he _h appe>$ to ! wom5 return+ f ! tomb 7,mat!w xxviii4 #i72 !n to ,pet] 7,luke xxiv4 #cd72 !n1 t[>ds ev5+1 to ! two disciples on ! way to ,emmaus 7,luke xxiv4 #ac1 #ca72 s t ! app>ition to ! apo/les on ,ea/] ,sunday ev5+ 0 ! fif? app>ition ( ,jesus on t day1 m5tion$ 9 ! ,gospels4 ,he pass$ ?r\gh ! clos$ doors 9 virtue ( ! prop]ty ( subtility :i* ,8 glorifi$ body possess$1 & salut$ ! ,apo/les 8& ^? :o 7 ) !m0 7,luke xxiv4 #cccf7 ) ! usual ,jewi% salutation4 ,f a comp>ison ( ,/4 ,luke 7xxiv4 #cccf71 we "k t ! disciples :o _h return$ f ,emmaus 7 pres5t :5 our ,"l appe>$ on ! occasion "h m5tion$ by ,/4 ,john4 ,n[1 ,emmaus 0 sixty /adia 7ab\t sev5 ,engli% miles7 f ,j]usalem 7,luke xxiv4 #ac71 & ! two disciples did n rea* ,emmaus till x 0 8t[>ds ev5+10 & ! day 0 8f> sp5t0 7,luke xxiv4 #bi74 ,h5ce ?\gh !y t>ri$ only a %ort "t 9 ,emmaus 7,luke xxiv4 #cc71 !y c h>dly h return$ mu* be=e d>k4 ,inde$ x may h be5 aft] d>k1 & 9 t case ! words 8:5 x 0 late t same day0 w\ld prove t our ,evangeli/ speaks "h1 n accord+ to ! ,jewi% me?od ( c\nt+ ! day f ev5+ to ev5+1 b accord+ to ! ,greek me?od ( c\nt+1 z we d1 f midnight to midnight4 #bj4 ,et cum hoc dixisset1 #bj4 ,& :5 he _h said ?is1 o/5dit eis manus et latus4 he %ew$ !m 8 h&s1 & ,gavisi sunt ergo discipuli1 8 side4 ,! disciples viso ,dom9o4 !re=e 7 glad1 :5 !y saw ! ,"l4 #bj4 ,!n to conv9ce !m t x 0 n a _s !y saw 7see ,luke xxiv4 #cg71 ,he %[$ !m 7! w\nds 97 ,8 h&s1 & feet 7,luke xxiv4 #ci71 & side1 & said to !m1 z ,/4 ,luke tells u3 8,h&le & see1 = a _s ha? n fle% & bones z y see me to h0 7,luke xxiv4 #ci74 ,f ^! words x is pla9 t ,*ri/'s glorifi$ body1 ?\gh x _h pass$ ?r\gh ! clos$ doors1 0 yet capable ( be+ t\*$ & h&l$47#ace7 ,:5 ,he _h p>tak5 ( food 9 pres5ce ( ! disciples 7,luke xxiv4 #db1 #dc71 & dispell$ all _! d\bts z to ! reality ( ,8 body1 !n1 z ,/4 ,john tells u "h1 !y 7 glad4 #ba4 ,dixit ergo eis it]um3 ,pax #ba4 ,he said !re=e to !m vobis4 ,sicut misit me ,pat]1 aga93 ,peace be to y4 ,z ! et ego mitto vos4 ,fa!r ha? s5t me1 ,i also s5d y4 #ba4 ,:5 fe> _h be5 dispell$ & d\bt ov]come1 ,he salut$ !m aga9 ) ! usual salutation1 & proce$$ to conf] ^u !m ! p[] ( =giv+ s9s4 99,z ! ,fa!r ha? s5t me991 ) ,div9e au?ority = ! salvation ( mank9d1 s ) ! same au?ority & = ! same purpose1 ,i1 :o h equal au?ority ) ! ,fa!r1 s5d y4 #bb4 ,haec cum dixisset1 #bb4 ,:5 he _h said ?is1 he insufflavit3 et dixit eis3 brea!d on !m2 & he said ,accipite ,spiritum sanctum3 to !m3 ,receive ye ! ,holy ,gho/3 #bb4 99,he brea!d on !m499 ,he brea!d ^u ! ,apo/les 7probably ) "o brea? ^u all7 to signify :at ,8 words express$1 t ,he 0 giv+ !m ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,already1 inde$1 ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 9 _! s\ls1 b ,he 0 n[ giv5 to !m m fully 9 ,8 grace1 & 9 ! new p[] :i* !y receiv$ ( =giv+ s9s4 ,?is p[] ( =giv+ s9s is common to ! ?ree ,div9e ,p]sons1 b is "h attribut$ to ! ,holy ,gho/1 l all o!r ?+s p]ta9+ to our sanctification4 ,?\gh ! ,apo/les already _h ! ,holy ,gho/ 9 _! s\ls & ?\gh ,he 0 giv5 to !m m fully n[1 yet ,he 0 /ill to be giv5 9 a visible & full] mann] on ! day ( ,p5teco/4 ,x is important to note t ! p[] ( =giv+ s9s "h evid5tly attribut$ to ! ,holy ,gho/ proves ,him to be ,god1 = only ,god1 :o is (f5d$ by s91 c give au?ority & p[] to =give x4 #bc4 ,quorum remis]itis #bc4 ,^: s9s y %all peccata1 remittuntur eis3 et =give1 !y are =giv5 quorum ret9u]itis1 ret5ta !m3 & ^: s9s y sunt4 %all reta91 !y are reta9$4 #bc4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t has def9$ t !re is "q "h ( ! remission ( s9s 9 ! ,sacram5t ( ,p5ance47#acf7 ,z ! ,c\ncil po9ts out1 ! ,*ur* always und]/ood ! words 9 ?is s5se1 & ! natural mean+ ( ! words signifies t ! s9s are to be remitt$ or reta9$ by a judicial s5t5ce ( ! p]sons "h address$4 ,= ! words are3 ,if y remit ! s9s ( "s 7,greek1 71 t is if y decide to remit ! s9s ( "s1 & to reta9 ! s9s ( o!rs1 c4 ,s9ce !re is "q ( a judicial s5t5ce1 & s9ce judgm5t c be pass$ only ^u subjects1 x foll[s t !re c be "q "h only ( s9s committ$ aft] ,baptism4 ,^u ! words ( ?is text note--7#a7 ,t ! p]sons to :om ?is wondr\s p[] is giv5 are to =give 7remis]itis7 s9s1 n m]ely to decl>e !m =giv5 by ,god4 7#b7 ,t !re is no re/riction z to ! s9s t may be =giv52 s t !re is no su* ?+ z an irremissible s91 if only ! m9i/] c decide t ! p5it5t is wor?y to receive ! ,sacram5t1 & ! p5it5t h ! prop] dispositions4 7#c7 ,t in/ead ( ! pres5t t5se 7remittuntur eis7 :i* /&s 9 ! fir/ memb]7#acg71 we h ! p]fect 7ret5ta sunt7 9 ! second memb]1 imply+ t ! s9s rema9 z !y 74 7#d7 ,t 9 ! second memb] ! words are n3 ,^: s9s y %all n =give1 b ^: s9s y %all reta92 imply+1 9 ! m9i/]1 a positive judgm5t adv]se to ! p5it5t4 ,= o!r que/ions aris+ out ( ?is text1 consult works on ,dogmatic ,!ology4 ,x appe>s f ,/4 ,luke1 xxiv4 #cc1 t !re 7 o!r p]sons ?an ! ,apo/les pres5t1 :5 ^! words 7 spok5 & ?is p[] to =give s9s conf]r$4 ,x may be t ,*ri/ made x cle> t ?is p[] 0 giv5 only to ! ,apo/les & _! successors1 ! bi%ops & prie/s ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*2 b1 at all ev5ts1 ! tradition ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ) :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ rema9s to tea* h] all tru? 7,john xvi4 #ac71 has decid$ t ! p[] 0 giv5 only to ^!4 ,:e!r ! p[] ( =giv+ s9s 0 on ?is occasion giv5 to ,?omas1 :o 0 abs5t1 is disput$4 ,"s1 z ,mald41 hold t x 01 & appeal to ! case m5tion$ 9 ,numb4 xi4 #bf1 :5 ! _s ( prophecy 0 giv5 to ,eldad & ,m$ad1 ?\gh !y 7 abs5t4 ,o!rs1 z ,toletus1 & ,a ,lap41 hold t x 0 n1 z ,?omas 0 n[ incr$ul\s1 b t x 0 giv5 on ! foll[+ ,sunday1 :5 ,jesus appe>$ to ,?omas & conv]t$ him4 #bd4 ,?omas autem unus ex #bd4 ,n[ ,?omas1 "o ( ! duodecim1 qui dicitur ,didymus1 twelve1 :o is call$ ,didymus1 non erat cum eis qu&o v5it 0 n ) !m :5 ,jesus ,iesus4 came4 #bd4 99,?omas499 ,see above on xi4 #af4 99,"o ( ! twelve99 8,he says "o ( ! twelve1 al?\gh ! ,apo/olic ,college 0 n[ r$uc$ to elev51 because #8twelve' 0 ! orig9al numb]1 j z 9 ! case ( ! #8,decemvirs1' !y w\ld be ?us t]m$1 al?\gh only n9e out ( ! t5 7 pres5t on a p>ticul> occasion0 7,m',ev474 #be4 ,dix]unt ergo ei alii #be4 ,! o!r disciples discipuli3 ,vidimus ,dom9um4 !re=e said to him3 ,we h ,ille autem dixit eis3 ,nisi se5 ! ,"l4 ,b he said to vid]o 9 manibus eius fixuram !m3 ,except ,i %all see 9 clavorum1 et mittam digitum 8 h&s ! pr9t ( ! meum 9 locum clavorum1 et nails1 & put my f+] into mittam manum meum 9 latus ! place ( ! nails1 & eius1 non cr$am4 put my my h& into 8 side1 ,i w n believe4 #be4 ,! reply ( ,?omas %[s h[ he _h dwelt on ea* t]rible detail ( ! ,passion4 ,! o!r ,apo/les may h told him h[ ,*ri/ _h po9t$ to ,8 h&s & feet1 & invit$ !m to 8h&le & see0 t x 0 ,he ,himself4 7,luke xxiv4 #bi1 #cj74 ,if s1 ! language ( ,?omas w\ld naturally be %ap$ 9 accordance ) :at !y told him4 #bf4 ,et po/ dies octo1 it]um #bf4 ,& aft] eight days1 erant discipuli eius intus3 et aga9 8 disciples 7 ,?omas cum eis4 ,v5it ,iesus1 )91 & ,?omas ) !m4 ianuis clausis1 et /etit 9 ,jesus come?1 ! doors be+ m$io1 et dixit3 ,pax vobis4 %ut1 & /ood 9 ! mid/1 & said3 ,peace be to y4 #bf4 99,& aft] eight days991 t is to say1 on ,l[ ,sunday1 ,*ri/ aga9 appe>$ to ! ,apo/les1 ,?omas be+ pres5t2 & ?is 0 ,8 six? appe>ance4 ,?omas1 ?\gh /ill )\t fai?1 _h rema9$ 9 ! company ( ! ,apo/les4 #bg4 ,de9de dicit ,?omae3 ,inf] #bg4 ,!n he said to ,?omas3 digitum tuum huc1 et vide put 9 ?y f+] hi!r1 & manus meas1 et aff] manum see my h&s1 & br+ hi!r tuam1 et mitte 9 latus meum3 ?y h& & put x into my et noli esse incr$ulus1 s$ side2 & be n fai?less1 fidelis4 b believ+4 #bg4 ,we may "h admire our ,"l's t5d] & t\*+ m]cy 9 condesc5d+ to su* pa9s to dispel ! unbelief ( ,?omas4 ,! language us$ is su* z to prove to ! ,apo/le t ,jesus knew ! v words 9 :i* he _h que/ion$ ! resurrection4 #bh4 ,respondit ,?omas1 et dixit #bh4 ,?omas answ]$1 & said ei3 ,dom9us meus et ,deus meus4 to him3 ,my ,"l1 & my ,god4 #bh4 99,my ,"l1 & my ,god99 7 74 ,z (t5 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t 7,m>k ix4 #be2 ,luke viii4 #ed2 ,john viii4 #aj71 ! nom9ative is "h us$ = ! vocative 7see ,beel41 ,gr4 ,gram41 #bi1 ,adnot4 #a74 ,= ! ,evangeli/ expressly /ates t ,?omas address$ ,*ri/4 ,x is absurd !n to cont5d1 z ! ,soc9ians & ,paul ( ,heidelb]g did1 t ^! words are simply an exclamation1 mean+3 ,o ,jehovah6 ,=1 besides ! fact t ,*ri/ is address$1 ! ,jews 7 n 9 ! habit ( us+ any su* exclamation4 ,! second c\ncil ( ,con/ant41 cap4 #ab1 condemn$ ^? :o1 foll[+ ! tea*+ ( ,!odore ( ,mopsue/ia1 said3 8,haec v]ba a ,?oma non dicta fuisse de ,*ri/o1 s$ miraculo resurrectionis p]culsum1 ,?omam laudasse ,deum qui ,*ri/um resuscitasset40 ,?omas's words1 !n1 are a confession ( fai?1 z our ,"l's words 9 ! next v]se prove1 & ( fai? 9 ,*ri/'s humanity & ,div9ity4 ,9 confess+ ,jesus to be 8 ,"l1 ,?omas ackn[l$ges ,him to be 8! ma/]0 :o _h be5 crucifi$2 :ile1 9 ! rema9+ words1 he cle>ly confesses ,*ri/'s ,div9ity4 ,& s our ,evangeli/1 ev] m9dful ( 8 object 9 writ+ ?is ,gospel1 records ?is spl5did te/imony to ! humanity & ,div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & our ,"l's approval !re(4 #bi4 ,dixit ei ,iesus3 ,quia #bi4 ,jesus sai? to him3 vidi/i me ,?oma1 cr$idi/i3 ,because ?\ ha/ se5 me1 beati qui non vid]unt et ,?omas1 ?\ ha/ believ$3 cr$id]unt4 bless$ are !y t h n se51 & h believ$4 #bi4 99,because ?\ ha/ se5 ,me1 ,?omas ?\ ha/ believ$499 8,aliud vidit1 et aliud cr$idit4 ,vidit hom9em et cicatrices1 et ex hoc cr$idit div9itatem resurg5tis0 7,/4 ,?omas ,aqu974 99,bless$ are !y t h n se51 & h believ$499 ,r3 8,bless$ are !y t saw n 771 & believ$40 ,! aori/ seems to po9t to some?+ t _h already tak5 place dur+ ! prec$+ week4 ,"s _h believ$ :o _h m]ely he>d f ! ,apo/les or ! pi\s wom5 t ,jesus 0 ris51 & _! fai? 0 m prompt & praisewor?y ?an t ( ,?omas4 #cj4 ,multa quidem et alia signa #cj4 ,_m o!r signs also did fecit ,iesus 9 conspectu ,jesus 9 ! sight ( 8 discipulorum suorum1 quae non disciples1 :i* are n sunt scripta 9 libro hoc4 writt5 9 ?is book4 #cj4 99,_m o!r signs499 ,we und]/& n ( ! v>i\s o!r miracles ( ,*ri/'s mortal & ris5 life1 b ( ! o!r pro(s 71 lit]ally signs7 ( ,8 resurrection & ,div9ity1 :i* he af=d$ dur+ ,8 ris5 life4 ,=1 ! miracles ( ,8 mortal life 7 wr\ght 9 ! sight ( all ! p2 b ! pro(s ( ,8 resurrection 7 giv5 only 89 ! sight ( ,8 disciples40 ,s ,mald41 ,tol41 ,corn41 c4 #ca4 ,haec autem scripta sunt ut #ca4 ,b ^! are writt5 t cr$atis quia ,iesus e/ y may believe t ,jesus is ,*ri/us ,filius ,dei3 et ut ! ,*ri/ ! ,son ( ,god2 & cr$5tes1 vitam habeatis 9 t believ+ y may h nom9e eius4 life 9 8 "n4 #ca4 ,b :at is "h writt5 9 evid5ce ( ,8 resurrection is writt5 9 ord] t y may believe t ,jesus is ! ,messias 7 71 ! ,son ( ,god2 & t believ+ y may h life1 ! life ( grace "h1 & ( glory h]eaft]1 ?r\gh ,8 "n2 t is1 ?r\gh fai? 9 ,him4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 #aad4 99,appe>ance ( ,jesus to ! disciples at ! ,sea ( ,galilee2 ! miracul\s draught ( fi%1 aft] :i* ,/4 ,john fir/ recognises ,jesus1 & ,/4 ,pet] leaps f ! boat into ! wat] to come to ,him4 ,! breakfa/ miracul\sly prep>$ = ! disciples by ,jesus499 #aeag4 99,pet]'s triple confession ( 8 love = 8 ma/]2 he is con/itut$ by ,jesus visible head ( ! :ole ,*ur*499 #ahai4 99,jesus pr$icts ! mann] ( ,pet]'s dea?1 z ,/4 ,john expla9s499 #bjbc4 99,he reproves ,pet]'s curiosity reg>d+ ! end 9 /ore = ,/4 ,john499 #bdbe4 99,! conclusion499 ,! au!nticity ( ?is la/ *apt] ( our ,gospel has be5 que/ion$ 7see ,introd4 v471 & x has be5 cont5d$ t ! *apt] 0 n writt5 by ,/4 ,john1 b by "s disciple or disciples ( 8 aft] 8 dea?4 ,ev5 among ^? :o admit its au!nticity1 "s h held t x 0 n writt5 at ! same "t z ! re/ ( ! ,gospel1 b at a lat] p]iod1 & add$ on z an app5dix47#ach7 ,bo? ^? :o d5y ! au!nticity ( ! *apt]1 & ^? :o hold x to be an au!ntic app5dix1 writt5 at a lat] date1 argue f ! la/ two v]ses ( *apt] xx41 :i*1 !y say1 prove t ,/4 ,john int5d$ to conclude at t po9t4 ,9 addition to ?is1 ^? :o d5y ! au!nticity1 cont5d t ! /yle ( ?is *apt] is s diff]5t f t ( ! re/ ( ! ,gospel z to compel ! belief t bo? _c possibly be ! "w ( ! same h&4 ,we may beg9 by rem>k+ t no ,ca?olic is free to d\bt ! inspiration ( ! *apt]1 s t :oev] wrote x mu/ h be5 inspir$4 ,?is foll[s f ! decree ( ,tr5t1 :i* def9$ ! entire books ( ! ,vulgate ) all _! p>ts 7& ?is is c]ta9ly a "p1 n m]ely a 8p>ticula0 ( ?is ,gospel7 to be canonical ,scripture4 ,see above on iv4 #c1 #d4 ,h5ce1 ! only que/ions rema9+ are3 7a7 :e!r ,/4 ,john or "s o!r inspir$ writ] wrote ! *apt]2 & 7b7 9 case ,/4 ,john wrote x1 :e!r he wrote x at ! same "t z ! re/ ( ! ,gospel1 or lat]1 & z an app5dix4 ,) ,ca?olic comm5tators g5]ally1 we hold t ! *apt] 0 writt5 by ,/4 ,john & at ! same "t z ! re/ ( ! ,gospel4 ,=1 s9ce x is read 9 all ! ,,mss41 & quot$ by all ! fa!rs1 ! natural inf]5ce is t x /ood 9 ! ,gospel f ! beg9n+4 ,aga9/ ?is unanim\s te/imony ( tradition1 ! argum5ts = any o!r view h no weight4 ,=1 z to ! argum5t drawn f ! la/ two v]ses ( *apt] xx41 we h already1 ) ,mald41 ,tol41 & ,cornely1 giv5 ! mo/ probable explanation ( ^? v]ses1 f :i* x appe>s t !y 7 n int5d$ z a conclusion ( ! :ole ,gospel1 b only ( t portion ( x :i* deals ) ! pro(s ( ,8 ,div9ity af=d$ by ,*ri/ to ! ,apo/les dur+ ,8 ris5 life47#aci7 ,z to ! argum5t f ! diff]5ce ( /yle1 we confid5tly d5y t any su* diff]5ce exi/s4 ,ku9oel1 no mean judge on su* a po9t1 & c]ta9ly n a prejudic$ witness1 says3 8,omn9o prob>i nequit1 scrib5di g5us1 9 hoc capite1 si clausulam7#adj7 ejus excep]is1 div]sum esse a scrib5di g5]e1 quod 9 reliquo ,evangelio depreh5ditur40 #a4 ,po/ea manife/avit se #a4 ,aft] ?is ,jesus %ew$ it]um ,iesus discipulis ad himself aga9 to ! disciples m>e ,tib]iadis4 ,manife/avit at ! sea ( ,tib]ias4 ,& he autem sic3 %ew$ himself aft] ?is mann]4 #a4 99,aft] ?is499 ,h[ _m days aft] ,l[ ,sunday 7xx4 #bf7 ! ev5ts n[ to be record$ occurr$1 we _c det]m9e4 ,9 ! meantime1 at all ev5ts1 ! disciples _h left ,j]usalem & gone to ,galilee 7,mat4 xxviii4 #af71 9 ob$i5ce to ! express desire ( _! ,div9e ,ma/] 7,mat4 xxviii4 #g2 ,m>k xvi4 #g74 99,! sea ( ,tib]ias499 ,see above on vi4 i4 #b4 ,erant simul ,simon ,petrus1 #b4 ,!re 7 toge!r ,simon et ,?omas1 qui dicitur ,pet]1 & ,?omas :o is ,didymus1 et ,na?anael1 qui call$ ,didymus1 & ,na?anael erat a ,cana ,galilaeae1 et :o 0 ( ,cana 9 ,galilee1 filii ,zeb$aei1 et alii ex & ! sons ( ,zeb$ee1 & discipulis eius duo4 two o!rs ( 8 disciples4 #b4 99,na?anael99 is mo/ probably ! same ) ,b>?olomew1 ! ,apo/le4 ,see above on i4 #de4 99,& two o!rs ( 8 disciples499 ,:o !y 7 we _c tell4 ,_h 8! sons ( ,zeb$ee0 n be5 already nam$1 x w\ld be q 9 ! /yle ( our ,evangeli/ to ref] to 8 bro!r ,james & himself 9 ?is way4 #c4 ,dicit eis ,simon ,petrus3 #c4 ,simon ,pet] sai? to !m3 ,vado pisc>i1 ,dicunt ei3 ,i g a fi%+4 ,!y say to ,v5imus et nos tecum4 ,et him3 ,we also come ) !e4 exi]unt1 et asc5d]unt 9 ,& !y w5t =? & navim3 et illa nocte nihil ent]$ into ! %ip1 & pr5did]unt4 t night !y caught no?+4 #c4 ,z !y _h n yet begun to prea* ! ,gospel1 & ?us to h a "r to support f ! fai?ful1 !y _h to provide !mselves ) ! necess>ies ( life1 & s !y 8g a fi%+40 99,& !y w5t =?99 f ! h\se :]e !y 71 99& ent]$ into ! %ip99 7 71 :i* 0 !re1 l5t or hir$ = _! use2 99& t night !y caught no?+991 ,god hav+ s arrang$1 no d\bt1 9 ord] to make ! miracle ( ! foll[+ morn+ m rem>kable4 #d4 ,mane autem facto /etit #d4 ,b :5 ! morn+ 0 ,iesus 9 littore3 non tam5 come1 ,jesus /ood on ! cognov]unt discipuli quia %ore3 yet ! disciples knew ,iesus e/4 n t x 0 ,jesus4 #d4 99,b :5 ! morn+ 0 come499 ,! bett] support$ ,greek read+ 7 n 7 gives ! mean+3 8,:5 ! morn+ 0 break+40 ,b ev5 if ?is be ! correct read+1 & ! morn+ 0 only break+1 /ill ?is fact by itself may n be ! :ole reason :y ! disciples fail$ to recognise ,jesus4 ,ev5 :5 !y _h come close to him 7v]se #ab71 !y knew x 0 ,he1 r because ( :at _h happ5$ ?an f ! te/imony ( _! eyes4 ,comp4 ,luke xxiv4 #af4 #e4 ,dixit ergo eis ,iesus3 ,pu]i #e4 ,jesus !re=e said to numquid pulm5t>ium habetis8 !m3 ,*ildr51 h y any ,respond]unt ei3 ,non4 meat8 ,!y answ]$ him3 ,no4 #e4 ,jesus call$ to !m f ! %ore3 8,h y any meat80 ,! ,revis$ ,v]sion r5d]s3 8,h y aught to eat80 ,! ,hell5i/ic ,greek ^w 771 :i* is "h us$1 meant prim>ily some?+ t 0 eat5 z reli% ) o!r food1 b x came to mean food g5]ally1 & s ! mean+ "h probably is3 8h y any?+ to eat80 ,see ,lidd4 & ,scott1 sub voce4 #f4 ,dicit eis3 mittite 9 #f4 ,he sai? to !m3 ,ca/ ! dext]am navigii rete3 et net on ! "r side ( ! inv5ietis4 ,mis]unt ergo3 et %ip2 & y %all f9d4 ,!y iam non valebant illud trah]e ca/ !re=e3 & n[ !y prae multitud9e piscium4 7 n able to draw x = ! multitude ( fi%es4 #f4 99,on ! "r side ( ! %ip499 ,jesus direct$ !m to ! p>ticul> spot 7:i* ,john1 :o 0 pres5t1 is c>eful to record71 9 ord] t !y might n look ^u ! draught z a m]e accid5t4 ,:y !y s readily obey$ "o unkn[n to !m1 we _c say ) c]ta9ty4 ,p]haps ! m9ds ( "s ( !m rev]t$ to ano!r occasion1 9 _m respects simil> to ?is 7,luke v4 #daj71 :51 aft] a night ( fruitless toil1 _! ,ma/]1 !n ) !m 9 ,8 mortal fle%1 bless$ _! lab\rs ) a miracul\s draught ( fi% 9 ! morn+4 ,& ?\gh !y did n n[ "k x 0 ,he t spoke to !m1 yet we _c help ?9k+1 especially :5 we rememb] h[ !y 7 n[ come to ,galilee 9 expectation ( ,8 appe>ance to !m1 t "s ( !m mu/ h suspect$ t p]haps x 0 ,he :o n[ call$ to !m f ! %ore4 99,to draw x991 i4e41 into ! boat4 ,9 v]se #aa we are told t !y 8drew0 x to l&4 ,x w be notic$ t a diff]5t ^w is us$ 9 v]se #h ( dragg+ ! net aft] ! boat4 #g4 ,dixit ergo discipulus ille #g4 ,t disciple !re=e quem diligebat ,iesus1 ,petro3 :om ,jesus lov$1 said to ,dom9us e/4 ,simon ,petrus cum ,pet]3 ,x is ! ,"l4 ,simon audisset quia ,dom9us e/1 ,pet]1 :5 he he>d t x tunica succ9xit se 7erat enim 0 ! ,"l1 girt 8 coat nudus7 et misit se 9 m>e4 ab\t him 7= he 0 nak$7 & ca/ himself into ! sea4 #g4 ,! belov$ disciple inf]s f ! miracul\s draught t x is ! ,"l :o /&s ^u ! %ore4 99,simon ,pet]99 7add 8!re=e10 7 99:5 he he>d t x 0 ! ,"l1 girt 8 coat ab\t him 7= he 0 nak$7994 ,! virg9 disciple 0 ! fir/ to recognise 8 ma/]1 b ,pet] z usual 0 ! lead] 9 action4 ,! 8coat0 0 "s g>m5t usually worn ov] ano!r 771 p]haps an out] & loos] tunic1 :i* ,pet] _h laid aside :ile fi%+4 ,z he 0 ab\t to swim to 8 ,ma/]1 & =esaw t 8 g>m5ts %\ld necess>ily be wet1 he probably ?\ght x decor\s to h "s o!r g>m5t on him besides ! tightfitt+ inn] tunic4 ,we suppose !re=e t he 0 already clo!d 9 ! inn] tunic4 ,he gird$ himself 9 ord] t ! g>m5t might n imp$e him :5 swimm+4 ,! ,greek ^w1 :i*1 9 our ,v]sion1 is r5d]$ 8nak$10 is us$ n only ( ^? :o are entirely nak$1 b also ( ^? :o are sp>+ly clad4 ,see ,matt4 xxv4 #cf2 ,acts xix4 #af2 #a ,k+s xix4 #bd4 #h4 ,alii autem discipuli #h4 ,b ! o!r disciples navigio v5]unt 7non enim came 9 ! %ip 7= !y longe erant a t]ra1 s$ quasi 7 n f> f ! l&1 cubitis duc5tis71 trah5tes b z x 7 two hundr$ rete piscium4 cubits7 dragg+ ! net ) fi%es4 #h4 99,9 ! %ip499 ,r3 89 ! boat0 7 74 ,x may be t ! ref]5ce is to a small boat t 0 atta*$ to ! l>g] vessel 7 7 m5tion$ 9 v]se #c4 ,z ! cubit 0 eighte5 in*es1 ! di/ance ( ! boat f ! %ore 0 #ajj y>ds4 #i4 ,ut ergo desc5d]unt 9 #i4 ,z soon !n z !y came t]ram1 vid]unt prunas to l&1 !y saw hot coals positas1 et piscem ly+1 & a fi% laid sup]positum1 et panem4 !reon1 & bread4 #i4 99,!y saw hot coals ly+499 ,9 ! circum/ances1 ! natural view is t ! fire1 z well z ! fi% & bread1 0 provid$ miracul\sly4 ,d\btless "o ( ,*ri/'s objects 9 prep>+ ?is repa/ 0 to prove to ,8 disciples t ,he c\ld & w\ld provide = ! temporal z well z ! spiritual necessities ( ,8 foll[]s4 #aj4 ,dicit eis ,iesus3 ,aff]te #aj4 ,jesus sai? to !m3 ,br+ de piscibus1 quos pr5didi/is hi!r ( ! fi%es :i* y nunc4 h n[ caught4 #aj4 ,!re are v>i\s views z to :y ,he said ?is4 ,"s say because ,he wi%$ !m to cook "s ( ! fi%1 z :at 0 on ! fire 0 n en\gh = all4 ,b1 especially on acc\nt ( ! next v]se1 we believe ,*ri/'s object 0 to give ! disciples an occasion ( see+ at once ! size & numb] ( ! fi%es1 t s !y might be ! m impress$ ) ! greatness ( ! miracle4 #aa4 ,asc5dit ,simon ,petrus1 et #aa4 ,simon ,pet] w5t up1 & traxit rete 9 t]ra91 pl5um drew ! net to l&1 full ( magnis piscibus c5tum great fi%es1 "o hundr$ qu9quag9ta tribus4 ,et cum fifty?ree4 ,& al?\gh tanti ess5t1 non e/ scissum !re 7 s _m1 ! net rete4 0 n brok54 #aa4 99,simon ,pet] w5t up499 ,pet] w5t abo>d1 & drew ! net to l&4 ,! fact t ! net 0 n brok5 is evid5tly m5tion$ z some?+ extraord9>y4 ,if ?is great draught 0 int5d$1 z d\btless x 0 7see ,mat!w iv4 #ai2 ,luke v4 #aj3 8,f h5ce=? ?\ %alt cat* m5071 to symbolize ! success :i* 0 to att5d ! lab\rs ( ! ,apo/les 9 draw+ m5 into ! ,*ur*1 we may note h[ fitt+ x 0 t ,pet] l$ ! way 9 go+ to fi% 7v]se #c71 & l&$ ! net1 & br\ght ! fi% to 8 ,ma/] on ?is occasion4 ,= x 0 he :o fir/ prea*$ to ! ,jews on ! day ( ,p5teco/1 conv]t+ ab\t ?ree ?\s& 7,acts ii4 #adda71 & he1 too1 :o op5$ ! ,*ur* to ! ,g5tiles 7,acts x4 #adh74 #ab4 ,dicit eis ,iesus3 ,v5ite1 #ab4 ,jesus sai? to !m3 ,come1 pr5dete4 ,et nemo audebat & d9e4 ,& none ( !m :o discumb5tium int]rog>e eum3 7 at meat1 dur/ ask him3 ,tu quis es8 sci5tes quia ,:o art ?\8 kn[+ t x ,dom9us e/4 0 ! ,"l4 #ab4 99,come1 & d9e99 774 ,! prim>y mean+ ( ! ,greek ^w us$1 has ref]5ce to breakfa/1 & s9ce x 0 e>ly morn+ 7v]se #d71 t is ! mean+ "h4 99,& none ( !m t 7 at meat dur/ ask him499 ,! be/ support$ ,greek read+ has3 8,& none ( ! disciples dur/ ask him40 ,! words t foll[ 9 ?is v]se seem to imply t ,*ri/'s appe>ance on ?is occasion 0 n t :i* 0 famili> to ! disciples2 yet t because ( ! miracles !y 7 conv9c$ t x 0 ,he4 ,"s1 z ,ku9oel1 ?9k t 7dur/7 is r$undant4 #ac4 ,et v5it ,iesus1 et accipit #ac4 ,& ,jesus come? & panem1 et dat eis1 et piscem take? bread1 & give? !m1 similit]4 & fi% 9 l mann]4 #ac4 ,_! ris5 ,ma/] is n m]ely _! ho/1 b ,he condesc5ds also to be _! s]vant4 ,:e!r ,he ,himself ate ) !m1 z on ano!r occasion 7,luke xxiv4 #dc71 we are n told4 99,& take? bread99 7 74 ,! article po9ts back to ! bread m5tion$ 9 v]se #i1 :i* ,*ri/ ,himself _h provid$4 ,s1 too1 9 ! case ( ! fi% 7 74 #ad4 ,hoc iam t]tio #ad4 ,?is is n[ ! ?ird "t manife/atus e/ ,iesus t ,jesus 0 manife/$ to discipulis suis1 cum 8 disciples1 aft] he 0 resurrexisset a mortuis4 ris5 f ! dead4 #ad4 99,?is is n[ ! ?ird "t991 c4 ,x 0 n ,8 ?ird appe>ance absolutely1 = our ,evangeli/ himself has already record$ ?ree be=e ?is3 t to ,magdal5 7xx4 #adah71 t to ! t5 ,apo/les on ,ea/] ,sunday 7xx4 #aibc71 & t to ! elev5 on ,l[ ,sunday 7xx4 #bf74 ,! mean+1 !n1 appe>s to be1 t ?is 0 ! ?ird appe>ance to any consid]able numb] ( ! disciples4 ,"s1 z ,patrizzi1 suppose ?is appe>ance at ! sea ( ,galilee to h be5 absolutely ! sev5?1 aft] ! resurrection1 m5tion$ 9 ! ,gospels4 ,o!rs make x ! eigh?1 & suppose ! "o ^u ! m\nta9 ( ,galilee 7,matt4 xxviii4 #af7 to h be5 ! sev5?4 ,we r incl9e to ! view t x 0 ! sev5?2 &1 p]haps1 at ?is sev5? appe>ance ,jesus nam$ to ! ,apo/les ! m\nta9 on :i* ,8 eigh? appe>ance w\ld take place 7,matt4 xxviii4 #af74 ,= ! o!r appe>ances ( ! ,"l dur+ ! =ty days ( ,8 ris5 life1 see ,m>k xvi4 #adbj2 ,acts i4 #di2 #a ,cor4 xv4 #eg4 #ae4 ,cum ergo pr&iss5t1 #ae4 ,:5 !re=e !y _h dicit ,simoni ,petro ,iesus3 d9$1 ,jesus sai? to ,simon ,simon ,ioannis1 diligis me plus ,pet]3 ,simon son ( ,john1 88 ,dicit ei3 ,etiam ,dom9e1 love/ ?\ me m ?an tu scis quia amote4 ,dicit ei3 ^!8 ,he sai? to him3 ,yea1 ,pasce agnos meos4 ,"l1 ?\ kn[e/ t ,i love !e4 ,he sai? to him3 ,fe$ my lambs4 #ae4 99,:51 !re=e499 ,:5 !y _h breakfa/$1 & 71 !re=e1 free f di/ractions1 s t !y c\ld att5d to :at 0 said1 ,jesus address$ ,pet]4 99,simon1 son ( ,john99 7see above on i4 #db74 ,x 0 c]ta9ly n )\t a reason t ,jesus "h address$ ,pet] by 8 =m] "n ( ,simon4 ,?\gh ! ,apo/le's "n _h be5 already *ang$ into ,pet] 7,m>k iii4 #aj71 /ill he _h n yet begun to be :at t new "n indicat$1 ! rock or f\ndation ( ! ,*ur*1 its ,pope & supreme head on e>?4 ,our ,"l 0 n[ ab\t to conf] t dignity ^u him1 & ! m5tion ( 8 =m] "n1 n[ t he 0 accu/om$ to ! "n ( ,pet]1 0 calculat$ to rem9d him ( ! *ange ( "n1 & /ill m ( ! promis$ au?ority & preem95ce 7,matt4 xvi4 #ag1 #ai71 :i* t *ange impli$4 99,m ?an ^!499 ,x is supremely ridicul\s to suppose1 z "s ,prote/ants h done1 t ,*ri/ m]ely meant to ask1 if ,pet] lov$ ,him m ?an he lov$ ^! fi%4 ,surely t w\ld be b a poor pro( ( 8 love = 8 ,ma/]6 ,x is equally improbable1 ?\gh n q s absurd1 to suppose t ,*ri/ meant3 ,love/ ?\ ,me m ?an ?\ love/ ^! companions ( ?9e8 ,= ,pet] knew & believ$ ,jesus to be ,god 7,matt4 xvi4 #af71 _h decl>$ be=e n[ 8 read9ess to die ) ,him 7,luke xxii4 #cc71 & on ?is v morn+ _h prov$ ! int5sity ( 8 love = 8 ,ma/] by leap+ f ! boat & quitt+ ! ,apo/les to come to ,him4 ,surely1 !n1 x is :olly improbable t ,*ri/ m]ely meant to ask if ,pet] lov$ ,him m ?an he lov$ 8 fell[,apo/les4 ,! mean+1 !n1 pla9ly is3 love/ ?\ ,me m ?an ^! love ,me8 ,pet] replies1 humbly avoid+ any comp>ison betwe5 8 own love & t ( 8 companions1 & appeal+ to ,jesus1 :om he knew to be ! ,se>*] ( ,he>ts1 9 confirmation ( ! love t he av[s3 99,yea1 ,"l1 ?\ kn[e/ t ,i love !e994 ,x is wor?y ( note t ! ^w :i* ,pet] uses to express 8 love1 is n t :i* ,*ri/ _h j us$ 9 ,8 "q4 ,*ri/ _h ask$3 ,love/ ?\ 77 ,me8 ,pet] replies3 ,yea1 ,"l1 ,?\ kn[e/ t ,i love 77 ,!e4 ,_m comm5tators ?9k ! di/9ction is n to be press$1 b we _c believe t ,pet] *ang$ ! ^w )\t a reason1 especially z he does s aga9 9 8 second reply 7v]se #af71 & ,*ri/1 9 ,8 ?ird "q1 adopts ! ^w t ,pet] insi/s ^u us+4 ,:atev] ! di/9ction be1 x is lo/ 9 our ,engli% v]sion2 b ! read] w see t an ef=t is made to pres]ve x 9 ! ,vulgate1 :i* 9 ea* case r5d]s 1 by 8diligo10 & by 8amo40 ,we ?9k t ,tr5* prop]ly appreciates ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two words4 8,on occasion10 he says1 8( t ?reefold ,love/ ?\ ,me10 :i* ! ris5 ,"l addresses to ,pet]1 ,he asks him fir/1 4 ,at t mom5t1 :5 all ! pulses 9 ! he>t ( ! n[ p5it5t ,apo/le are beat+ ) an e>ne/ affection t[>ds 8 ,"l1 ?is ^w on t ,"l's lips s\nds too cold2 n suffici5tly express+ ! w>m? ( 8 p]sonal affection t[>d ,him4 ,besides ! "q itself1 :i* grieves & hurts ,pet] 7v]se #ag71 !re is an additional pang 9 ! =m :i* ! "q takes1 s\nd+ z ?\gh x 7 int5d$ to put him at a comp>ative di/ance f 8 ,"l1 & to keep him !re2 or at lea/ z n p]mitt+ him to approa* s ne> to ,him z he fa9 w\ld4 ,he1 !re=e1 9 8 answ] sub/itutes = x ! ^w ( a m p]sonal love1 7v]se #ae74 ,:5 ,*ri/ repeats ! "q 9 ! same words z at ! fir/1 ,pet] 9 8 reply aga9 sub/itutes 8 = ! ( 8 ,"l 7v]se #af74 ,& n[ at l5g? he has conqu]$2 = :5 = ! ?ird "t 8 ,ma/] puts ! "q to him1 ,he does x ) ! ^w :i* ,pet] feels w alone express all t is 9 8 he>t1 & in/ead ( ! twicerepeat$ 1 ,8 ^w is 1 n[ 7v]se #ag74 7,tr5*1 ,syn4 ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 pp4 #dh1 #di747ada7 #af4 ,dicit ei it]um3 ,simon #af4 ,he sai? to him aga93 ,ioannis1 diligis me8 ,ait illi3 ,simon son ( ,john1 love/ ,etiam1 ,dom9e1 tu scis quia ?\ me8 ,he sai? to him3 ,yea amo te4 ,dicit ei3 ,pasce agnos ,"l1 ?\ kn[e/ t ,i love meos4 !e4 ,he sai? to him3 ,fe$ my lambs4 #af4 ,9 ! second "q our ,"l drops ! comp>ison betwe5 ,pet]'s love & t ( ! o!r ,apo/les1 &1 accord+ to ! ,greek text1 uses diff]5t words 9 giv+ ,pet] 8 commission4 ,be=e1 x 03 ,fe$ ,my lambs 7 73 n[ x is3 ,t5d 7or rule7 ,my %eep 7 74 ,among ,uncial ,,mss41 ,b & ,c read 7little %eep7 "h4 ,b ,a1 ,d1 ,x1 & ne>ly all o!rs read 2 & :ile ! ,vulg4 7agnos7 fav\rs ! =m]1 ! ,vetus ,itala 7oves7 supports ! latt]4 ,x is difficult1 !n1 to decide betwe5 ! two read+s4 ,:e!r ,*ri/ int5d$ to signify "o portion ( ,8 ,*ur* by ! lambs1 ! rema9+ portion by ! %eep1 or m]ely us$ two diff]5t t]ms to indicate1 9 ea* case1 ! :ole flock1 matt]s little z to ! s5se ( ! passage2 = 9 ei!r case ! :ole flock ( ,*ri/ is committ$ to ,pet]'s c>e4 #ag4 ,dicit ei t]tio3 ,simon #ag4 ,he said to him ! ?ird ,ioannis1 amas me8 ,contri/atus "t3 ,simon son ( ,john1 e/ ,petrus1 quia dixit ei love/ ?\ me8 ,pet] 0 t]tio1 ,amas me8 et dixit ei3 griev$1 because he _h said ,dom9e1 tu omnia no/i3 tu to him ! ?ird "t1 ,love/ scis quia amo te4 ,dixit ei3 ?\ me8 ,& he said to him3 ,pasce oves meas4 ,"l1 ?\ kn[e/ all ?+s3 ?\ kn[e/ t ,i love !e4 ,he said to him3 ,fe$ my %eep4 #ag4 ,aga91 a ?ird "t1 ,jesus puts ! "q1 b n[ *ang+ ,8 ^w to ! /rong] ^w ( ,pet]'s *oice4 ,?is ?reefold repetition ( ! "q1 provok+ ! ?reefold confession ( ,pet]'s love1 0 probably int5d$1 n only to make am5ds = ,pet]'s ?reefold d5ial1 b also to indicate ! solemn importance ( ! tru/ t 0 n[ committ$ to him4 ,pet] 0 griev$ at ! repetition ( ! "q1 because x seem$ z if 8 ,"l suspect$ ! s9c]ity ( 8 love1 or1 p]haps1 he fe>$ t ! repeat$ que/ion+ =ebod$ ano!r fall4 99,he said to him3 ,fe$ my %eep499 ,"h1 too1 z 9 ! prec$+ v]se x is d\btful :e!r 8little %eep0 or 8%eep0 is ! true read+4 ,9 fav\r ( ! =m] we h "h n only ,b & ,c b also ,a4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,vulgate 9 ?is v]se 7oves7 supports ! latt]4 ,! dim9utive1 z a t]m ( ende>m5t1 w\ld n be out ( place 9 ?is v]se or ! prec$+4 ,! ,vatican ,c\ncil has int]pret$ ?is passage1 v]ses #aeag1 ( ! be/[al ( ! primacy on ,pet]--a primacy n m]ely ( hon\r1 b also ( jurisdiction--s t no ,ca?olic is free to int]pret ! passage 9 any s5se o!r ?an ?is4 8,docemus itaque et decl>amus1 ,juxta ,evangelii te/imonia primatum jurisdictionis 9 univ]sam ,dei ,ecclesiam imm$iate et directe beato ,petro ,apo/olo promissum atque collatum a ,*ri/o ,dom9o fuisse4444 ,atque uni ,simoni ,petro contulit ,jesus po/ suam resurrectionem summi pa/oris et rectoris jurisdictionem 9 totum suum ovile1 dic5do3 ,pasce agnos meos3 ,pasce oves meas0 7,decr4 ,vat41 cap4 #a1 ,de ,apo/4 ,prim4 ,in/it47 ,&1 inde$1 ! passage _c reasonably be int]pret$ 9 any o!r s5se4 ,= ,pet] alone is address$1 & 8 love = 8 ma/] s+l$ out = comp>ison ) t ( 8 companions1 to %[ t to him individually1 & n to !m ) him1 ! commission "h giv5 0 entru/$4 ,:at t commission 0 ! ,vatican ,c\ncil tells u 9 ! passage already quot$1 & ! words ( ,*ri/ prove4 ,pet] 0 appo9t$ to fe$ ! :ole flock ( ,*ri/1 to rule x z a %eph]d rules 8 %eep4 ,n[1 ! %eph]d n m]ely fe$s 8 %eep1 b he directs & controls !m1 t5ds !m1 gu>ds !m f h>m 7see above on x4 #a71 & 9 v>i\s o!r ways promotes _! good4 8,:]e=e ! primacy conf]r$ ^u ,pet] 9 ?is metaphor is an ord9>y7#adb71 imm$iate7#adc71 univ]sal1 supreme1 p[] to tea* m5 ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/1 to furni% !m ) ! pa/ures ( salvation1 ?r\gh ! ,sacram5ts1 evangelical c\nsels1 c42 to make laws by :i* ! %eep may be direct$ to ! et]nal pa/ures2 to appo9t subord9ate pa/ors2 to secure t ! laws be obs]v$2 to puni% disob$i5t %eep1 & to br+ back err+ %eep to ! fold4 ,x is1 !re=e1 ! fulle/ p[] ( ,episcopal jurisdiction4 ,:]e=e ,/4 ,pet] himself 7#a ,pet] ii4 #be7 calls ,*ri/ #8! %eph]d & bi%op ( s\ls' 0 7,corl474 ,?is wond]ful p[]1 !n1 :i* z visible head ( ! ,*ur*1 & 9 behalf ( its invisible ,head ,jesus ,*ri/1 ,pet] 0 to ex]cise ?r\gh himself & 8 successors ov] all ! flock ( ,*ri/1 :e!r bi%ops1 prie/s1 or p1 0 giv5 to him on ! %ore ( ! sea ( ,galilee1 on ! pres5t occasion4 #ah4 ,am51 am5 dico tibi3 cum #ah4 ,am51 am51 ,i say to !e3 esses iunior1 c+ebas te1 et :5 ?\ wa/ y\ng]1 ?\ ambulabas ubi volebas3 cum did/ gird ?yself1 & did/ autem s5u]is1 ext5des manus walk :]e ?\ w\ld/4 ,b tuas1 et alius te c+et1 et :5 ?\ %alt be old1 ?\ ducet quo tu non vis4 %alt /ret* =? ?y h&s1 & ano!r %all gird !e1 & lead !e :i!r ?\ w\ld/ n4 #ah4 ,we are told by ,/4 ,john 9 ! foll[+ v]se t1 9 ! words record$ 9 ?is1 ,*ri/ signifi$ by :at k9d 77 ( dea? ,pet] %\ld glorify ,god4 ,:y ! ,"l *ose ?is p>ticul> "t1 imm$iately aft] he _h appo9t$ ,pet] supreme head ( ! ,*ur*1 to =etell = ! ,apo/le a m>tyr's dea? by crucifixion1 we _c say ) c]ta9ty4 ,probably x 0 to console ,pet]1 n[ griev$ by ! ?ricerepeat$ "q1 & to assure him t1 ?\gh he _h d5i$ 8 ,"l & _h j n[ be5 closely que/ion$ z to 8 love1 yet 8 f9al p]sev]ance 0 secure4 99,:5 ?\ wa/ y\ng]991 oppos$ "h to3 8,:5 ?\ %alt be old10 probably includes ,pet]'s life up to ! "t to :i* ! pr$iction ref]s4 ,x is z if ,*ri/ _h said3 ,:il/ ?\ art "y2 = z ,ku9oel on ?is v]se says3 8,praet]ita de re praes5te 9 oraculis adhib5tur40 ,at all ev5ts1 ,pet] 0 /ill "y 9 ! s5se ( ! ^w "h1 = we "k f v]se #g t on ?is v morn+ he _h gird$ himself4 99,?\ did/ gird ?yself991 c4 ,! mean+ is3 ,?r\gh\t y\r life1 z on ?is morn+ be=e y swam to ,me1 y gird y\rself :5 y w to d :at y w1 & g :]e y w2 b ! day %all come :5 y\r h&s %all no long] be free to gird y\rself1 b y %all /ret* !m =? to h !m b\nd to ! transv]se beam ( a cross17#add7 & ano!r %all gird y 7) a clo? r\nd y\r lo9s71 & %all lead y away to dea?--to dea?1 f :i* human nature naturally recoils4 #ai4 ,hoc autem dixit1 #ai4 ,& ?is he said1 significans qua morte signify+ by :at dea? he cl>ificaturus esset ,deum4 ,et %\ld glorify ,god4 ,& :5 cum hoc dixisset1 dicit ei3 he _h said ?is1 he sai? to ,sequ]e me4 him3 ,foll[ me4 #ai4 99,& ?is he said1 signify+ by :at dea? he %\ld glorify ,god499 ,:5 ,/4 ,john wrote ?is1 ,/4 ,pet]'s dea? _h ?r[n light on ,*ri/'s words1 if1 inde$1 our ,evangeli/ did n und]/& _! mean+ at ! "t !y 7 spok54 ,t ,pet] und]/ood x1 we may re/ assur$4 ,accord+ to tradition1 ,pet]1 at 8 own reque/1 0 crucifi$ ) 8 head d[nw>ds1 decl9+1 9 8 humility1 to be crucifi$ l 8 ,"l4 99,foll[ me499 ,mo/ ( ! fa!rs take ^! words to mean1 n s mu* t ,pet] 0 n[ to walk aft] ,jesus1 z t he 0 to foll[ ,him ?r\gh ! dea? ( ! cross to ! glory ( ! ,fa!r4 ,comp>e xiii4 #cf1 #cg4 #bj4 ,conv]sus ,petrus vidit #bj4 ,pet] turn+ ab\t1 saw illum discipulum1 quem t disciple :om ,jesus lov$ diligebat ,iesus1 sequ5tem1 foll[+1 :o also lean$ on qui et recubuit 9 co5a sup] 8 brea/ at supp]1 & pectus eius1 et dixit3 ,dom9e said3 ,"l1 :o is he t quis e/ qui tradet te8 %all betray !e8 #bj4 99,pet] turn+ ab\t1 saw t disciple :om ,jesus lov$ foll[+499 ,f ^! words x w\ld appe> t ,*ri/ _h begun to move away & ,pet] to foll[1 z if to symbolize ! high] s5se 9 :i* ,pet] 0 "o day to tread 9 ,8 foot/eps4 99,:o also lean$499 ,r1 8:o also lean$ back0 774 ,! ref]5ce is to ! incid5t record$ 9 xiii4 #be1 n to ! position ,john occupi$ at table4 #ba4 ,hunc ergo cum vidisset #ba4 ,him !re=e :5 ,pet] ,petrus1 dixit ,iesu3 ,dom9e hic _h se51 he sai? to ,jesus3 autem quid8 ,"l1 & :at %all ?is man d8 #ba4 ,pet]1 hav+ le>n$ :at 8 own end 0 to be1 0 n[ anxi\s to "k ! end t await$ our ,evangeli/1 :o 0 s de> to ,jesus & to himself4 ,he !re=e ask$3 8,& :at %all ?is man d80 or r z ! ,greek has x2 8,& ?is man1 :at80 t is to say1 :at end awaits him8 #bb4 ,dicit ei ,iesus3 ,sic eum #bb4 ,jesus sai? to him3 ,s ,i volo man]e donec v5iam1 quid w h him to rema9 till ,i ad te8 tu me sequ]e4 come1 :at is x to !e8 foll[ ?\ me4 #bb4 99,s ,i w991 c4 8,s0 translates ! ,vulgate 8sic10 :i* is a mispr9t = si 774 ,h5ce ! true read+ is3 ,if ,i w h him to rema9 till ,i come1 :at is x to !e8 ,foll[ ?\ ,me4 ,our ,"l "h reproves ,pet]'s curiosity & bids him see to himself1 nor wi% to "k m ?an 8 ,ma/] 0 pleas$ to communicate4 99,foll[ ?\ me499 8,?\0 is emphatic4 ,pet]'s "q reg>d+ ! end t await$ ,john2 & our ,"l's reply1 contra/+ z x does ! two ,apo/les 78,if ,i w h him0 444 ,foll[ ?\71 ju/ifies u 9 tak+ ! words 8,foll[ ?\ me0 9 ref]5ce to ,pet]'s dea? by crucifixion4 #bc4 ,exiit ergo s]mo i/e #bc4 ,?is say+ !re=e w5t int] fratres quia discipulus abroad among ! bre?r51 ille non moritur4 ,et non dixit t t disciple %\ld n ei ,iesus3 ,non moritur3 s$3 die4 ,& ,jesus did n say to ,sic eum volo man]e donec him3 ,he %\ld n die2 b1 v5iam1 quid ad te8 ,s ,i w h him to rema9 till ,i come1 :at is x to !e8 #bc4 ,our ,evangeli/ tells u "h :at 0 n ! mean+ ( ! ,"l's words2 :at _! mean+ 01 he does n say4 ,he m]ely wi%$ to %[ t ! words af=d$ no gr\nd = ! belief :i* prevail$ among ! fai?ful1 & :i* 8 own v advanc$ age at ! "t :5 ?is ,gospel 0 writt5 t5d$ to confirm1 t he 0 n to die at all1 or at lea/ n until ! day ( judgm5t4 ,^? :o d5y ! au!nticity ( ?is la/ *apt] appeal triumphantly to ?is v]se4 ,x 0 writt51 !y say1 aft] ,/4 ,john di$1 :5 x become necess>y to expla9 away ! mean+ t _h be5 put ^u our ,"l's words4 ,b1 f :at we h said already1 ! read] w h se5 t !re is n ! slighte/ reason :y ?is v]se may n h be5 writt5 by ,/4 ,john himself4 ,!re is a diff]5ce ( op9ion z to :at our ,"l meant by ! words3 8,if ,i w h him to rema9 till ,i come1 :at is x to !e80 ,"s h tak5 ! mean+ to be3 ,if ,i w h him to rema9 till ,i come = him 9 a natural dea?1 :at is x to !e8 ,b ?is is n probable2 ,*ri/ comes = ! m>tyr j z mu* z = him :o dies a natural dea?4 ,o!rs ?us3 ,if ,i w h him to rema9 till ,my com+ at ! de/ruction ( ,j]usalem1 :at is x to !e8 ,b x is mo/ likely t ,*ri/'s com+ :5 spok5 ( absolutely1 z "h1 ref]s to ,8 com+ at ! day ( judgm5t4 ,h5ce ! mo/ probable view seems to be3 ,if ,i 7 to w him to rema9 liv+ ev5 till ! day ( judgm5t1 :at 7 t to !e8 ,?us our ,"l makes a purely hypo!tical case1 & conveys no in=mation to ,pet]1 !reby reprov+ /ill m 8 curiosity4 #bd4 ,hic e/ discipulus ille #bd4 ,?is is t disciple :o qui te/imonium p]hibet de give? te/imony ( ^! 81 et scripsit haec3 et ?+s1 & ha? writt5 ^! scimus quia v]um e/ ?+s3 & we "k t 8 te/imonium eius4 te/imony is true4 #be4 ,sunt autem et alia multa #be4 ,b !re are also _m quae fecit ,iesus3 quae si o!r ?+s :i* ,jesus did3 scribantur p] s+ula1 nec :i* if !y 7 writt5 ipsum arbitror mundum cap]e e "o1 ! _w itself1 ,i posse eos1 qui scrib5di sunt1 ?9k1 w\ld n be able to libros4 conta9 ! books t %\ld be writt54 #bd1 #be4 ,! au!nticity ( ^! v]ses has be5 que/ion$ m ?an t ( ! re/ ( ! *apt]1 bo? because x is n 9 ,/4 ,john's mann] to speak ( himself 9 ! plural numb] 7z "h 9 v]se #bd3 8we "k071 & because ( ! hyp]bole 9 v]se #be4 ,= ^! reasons1 "s ,ca?olic writ]s h d5i$ _! au!nticity1 ?\gh no ,ca?olic1 z f> z we are aw>e1 has d5i$ _! inspiration4 ,^? ,ca?olics :o d5y _! au!nticity1 hold t !y 7 probably writt5 by ! bi%ops ( ,asia ,m9or1 at ^: reque/ ,/4 ,john wrote ! ,gospel4 ,see ,introd4 iii41 note4 ,?is view is n )\t "s probability4 ,/ill1 we pref] ! common op9ion ( ,ca?olic comm5tators1 t ! v]ses 7 writt5 by ,/4 ,john himself2 = )\t !m ! conclusion ( ! ,gospel w\ld be extremely abrupt4 ,z to ! reasons = ! opposite view1 ?\gh we admit t ,/4 ,john does n usually employ ! fir/ p]son plural1 /ill x is n unnatural t 9 clos+ 8 ,gospel he %\ld wi% to confirm 8 own te/imony by an appeal to ! cons5t+ voice ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,besides1 he does use ! same =m ( expression 9 i4 #ad3 8,& we saw 8 glory40 ,see also #a ,ep4 i4 #c4 ,z to ! argum5t drawn f ! alleg$ extravagance ( ! hyp]bole 9 v]se #be1 x has no weight4 ,=1 !re is no reason :y ,/4 ,john may n h us$ ?is /rik+ hyp]bole to signify ! inexhau/ible treasury ( in/ruction conta9$ 9 our ,div9e ,"l's life & works1 & to sugge/ ! deep tru? t a full acc\nt 78e "o07 ( ,*ri/'s human life w\ld be practically inf9ite4 8,hunc loqu5di modum10 says ,/4 ,aug4 on ?is passage1 8,graeco nom9e hyp]bolem vocant3 qui modus1 sicut hoc loco1 ita 9 nonnullis aliis div9is ,lit]is inv5itur 444 et multa hujusmodi1 sicut alii tropi1 ,scripturis ,s4 non desunt40 ,,footnotes #a ,vie de ,jesus1 ed4 xiii41 pp4 #aj1 #aa4 #b ,see ,lamy1 vol4 ii41 pp4 #bdfbgj2 ,cornely1 ,introd4 iii41 pp4 #bafbfj4 #c ,see1 e4g41 ,cornely1 iii41 pp4 #bbb1 #bbc4 #d ,eusebius1 ,hi/4 ,eccl41 iii4 #ci4 #e ,/4 ,ephrem 7 #cgc7 wrote a ,comm5t>y1 9 ,syriac1 on ! ,diatess>on1 & ?is ,comm5t>y is /ill extant 9 an ,arm5ian translation1 :i* is probably z old z ! fif? c5tury4 #f ,x is important to note ?is1 because ! ,rationali/ argum5ts aga9/ ! ,johann9e au?or%ip prove no?+ aga9/ ,/4 ,john t !y d n prove also aga9/ all 8 contempor>ies4 #g ,see notes on *ronology ( ! ,acts4 #h ,/4 ,j]ome1 ref]r+ to ?is1 writes3 8,ref]t ,t]tullianus quod ,romae missus 9 f]v5tis olei dolium purior et vegetior exi]it quam intrav]it40 7,adv]s4 ,jov91 i4 #bf47 #i 8,joannes quum esset 9 ,asia1 et jam tunc ha]eticorum sem9a pullul>5t ,c]9?i et ,ebionis et cet]orum qui negant ,*ri/um 9 c>ne v5isse 444 coactus e/ ab omnibus tunc p5e ,asiae ,episcopis et mult>um ecclesi>um legationibus de div9itate ,salvatoris altius scrib]e40--,prol4 9 ,mat!w4 #aj ,ir541 ,ha]4 iii4 #a3 8,joannes vol5s p] evangelii annunciationem auf]re1 eum qui a ,c]9?o insem9atus erat hom9ibus errorem et multo prius ab 8 qui dicuntur ,nicolaitae 444 sic in*oavit evangelium40 #aa 8,joannes discipulus ,dom9i 444 et ipse edidit evangelium ,ephesi ,asiae commorans40--,ha]4 iii4 #a4 #ab ,corluy1 inde$1 supposes ! heads ( doctr9e to be report$ 9 precisely ! exact words ( our ,"l3 8,eas propositiones quae quasi capita doctr9ae app>5t 444 ad v]bum ref]ri admitt5dum putamus10 are 8 words4 ,b ! fact t ! words ( in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ are diff]5tly report$ by ! ,synoptic ,evangeli/s seems to u to refute ?is view4 #ac 8,joannes novissime omnium scripsit evangelium1 rogatus ab ,asiae episcopis1 adv]sus ,c]9?um aliosque ha]eticos et maxime tunc ,ebionit>um dogma consurg5s1 qui ass]unt ,*ri/um ante ,m>iam non fuisse40--,j]4 de ,vir4 ,illu/41 #i4 #ad ,! words ( ,ir5u are3--8,et ,c]9?us autem quidam 9 ,asia1 non a primo ,deo factum esse mundum docuit1 s$ a ,virtute quadam valde sep>ata1 et di/ante ab ea pr9cipalitate1 quae e/ sup] univ]sa1 et ignorante eum1 qui e/ sup] omnia1 ,deum4 ,jesum autem subjecit non ex ,virg9e natum 7impossibile enim hoc ei visum e/72 fuisse autem ,joseph et ,m>iae filium similit] ut reliqui omnes hom9es4444 ,et po/ baptismum desc5disse 9 eum ab ea pr9cipalitate quae e/ sup] omnia 7 7 ,*ri/um figura columbae1 et tunc annuntiasse incognitum ,patrem1 et virtutes p]fecisse1 9 f9e autem revolasse it]um ,*ri/um de ,jesu1 et ,jesum passum esse et resurrexisse1 ,*ri/um autem impassibilem p]sev]asse1 exi/5tem spiritalem40--,ir541 ,adv4 ,ha]41 i4 xxvi4 #ae 8,ebionaei autem cons5tiunt quidem mundum ab eo1 qui rev]a ,deus e/1 factum esse2 quae autem ad ,*ri/um p]t95t1 consimilit] ,c]9?o fabulantur4 ,moribus ,judaicis utuntur secundum legem2 quapropt] et ,*ri/um ,dei vocatum esse ,jesum1 quum nemo ex reliquis obs]v>et legem4 ,et5im si quis alius fecisset quae 9 lege praescripta sunt1 ille evasisset ,*ri/us4 ,posse autem etiam ipsos1 si similit] eg]9t1 ,*ri/os evad]e2 et5im illum quoque hom9em aeque ac reliquos fuisse dicunt40--,philosophum5a1 vii4 #af1 #ccdb 7,migne74 #af ,ref]r+ to ?is sublime prologue1 ,/4 ,augu/9e says3 8,cet]i tres evangeli/ae tanquam cum hom9e ,dom9o 9 t]ra ambulant1 et de div9itate ejus pauca dix]unt1 i/um autem quasi pigu]it 9 t]ra ambul>e1 sicut 9 ipso exordio sui s]monis intonuit1 erexit se non solum sup] t]ram et sup] omnem ambitum a]is et coeli1 s$ sup] omnem etiam ex]citum angelorum1 omnemque con/itutionem invisibilium pote/atum2 et p]v5it ad eum p] quem facta sunt omnia1 dic5do3 #8,9 pr9cipio erat v]bum4' ,huic tantae sublimitati pr9cipii etiam caet]a congrua pra$icavit10 etc4--,tract #cf on ,/4 ,john4 #ag ,comp>e also #a ,john i4 #a1 :]e our ,vulgate %\ld h translat$ by 8erat0 in/ead ( 8fuit40 #ah ,accord+ to _m1 ,heb4 iv4 #ab af=ds ano!r in/ance 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 #ai 8,huic nom9i selig5do occasionem =te d$]unt tunc jam grassantes doctr9ae ,gno/icorum1 qui ita po/ ,philonem vocabant ens aliquod sublimius quod dicebant ,jesu fuisse unitum4 ,sic etiam nom9a 1 1 1 1 1 a ,gno/icis tribuuntur aeonibus suis1 quae omnia ,joannes 9 suo prologo s5su g5u9o exponit40--,corl41 ,comm4 9 ,s4 ,joan41 ,qua]4 #c1 p4 #bf4 #bj ,sometimes 7) 7 ! import ( ! accusative is app>5tly lo/1 signify+ )1 p>ticul>ly 9 connection ) names ( p]sons 7,john i4 #a72 b "h indicates 7ideal7 annexation1 imply+ r ! active notion ( int]c\rse ?an a m]e passive idea4--,w9]1 ,gr4 ,gram4 ,n4 ,t41 #h? ,eng4 ed41 p4 #ejd1 h4 & note #d4 #ba 8,! omission ( ! article be=e ! pr$icate1 :5 ! pr$icate /&s be=e ! copula is ! usage ( ! ,new ,te/am5t40--,al=d1 on ?is v]se4 #bb ,see ,patrizzi1 iii4 ,diss4 viii4 #ba4 #bc ,patriz4 #bd ,! ,r4 ,v4 has 8appreh5d$ x n10 ) m>g9al alt]native3 8ov]came x n40 #be 8,pluralis adhibetur ratione habita utrusque p>5tis40--,beel1 ,gr4 ,gram4 #bgc1 note4 #bf ,/4 ,?omas seems to pref] ,/4 ,augu/9e's peculi> view1 t ! woman is "h meant by 8c>o40 ,! o!r op9ion giv5 above is giv5 by him only 9 ! second place z an alt]native4 #bg ,comp>e our expression3 he act$ l a man4 #bh ,v]ba 8a ,patre0 aeque jungi possunt nom9i sive 8unig5iti10 sive 8gloriam40 ,si primum1 s5sus erit unig5iti1 qui e/ ex ,patre1 neque enim ,v]bum 1 quod cont9etur 9 con/ructum rep]itur cum praepositione 4--,patriz4 #bi ,patrizzi1 foll[+ ,ku9oel1 cont5ds t 7be=e7 is nev] us$ ( priority 9 dignity2 b see ,al=d1 :o cites ,g54 xlviii4 #bj1 z well z ,plato & ,demo/h5es1 = ?is mean+4 #cj ,?us f>1 ! prologue ( our ,gospel1 ( :i* ,franzel9 truly says3--8,s+ula doctr9ae capita de ,j4 ,*ri/o v]o ,deo1 ,deique ,filio 9 unum quodamodo collecta v]ticem conspiciuntur4 ,hoc enim loco is qui 9 tempore c>o factus e/1 docetur esse ,deus1 ,deus aet]nus1 ,deus creator univ]si1 ,deus auctor gratiae et ord9is sup]naturalis1 ,deus cui supremus cultus debetur40--,de ,v]bo ,inc>n41 ,?4 #h4 #ca ,simon1 vel ,symeon 7,act xv4 #ad s9e v>4 lect4 9 ,gr4 codd41 #b ,pet4 i4 #a1 1 ,a1 ,k1 ,l1 ,p1 c47 7exauditio1 ,g54 xxix4 #cc74 8,nom5 ,patris aut ,jonas1 7,matt4 xvi4 #ag71 aut vel 7,joan xxi4 #ae7 legitur2 ,joan i4 #dc codd4 graeci alii alii vel 2 unde prius nom5 non essi nisi alt]ius corruptionem nec quidquam cum nom9e prophetae ,jonae hab]e commune elucet40--,corn4 iii4 #bab1 note #a4 #cb ,publ4 ,life ( our ,"l1 vol4 i41 p4 #ahe4 #cc ,consult also1 z almo/ exactly ! same1 #b ,k+s xvi4 #aj2 ,josue xxii4 #bd2 ,mat!w viii4 #bi2 ,mat!w xxvii4 #bi2 ,m>k i4 #b4 #cd ,see ,m',c>?y1 ,gospels ( ! ,sundays1 p4 #gb4 #ce ,nisan1 ! fir/ mon? ( ! sacr$ ye> ( ! ,jews1 correspond$ to ! latt] half ( ,m>* & ! fir/ half ( ,april4 #cf 8,additus ibi voci articulus ,nicodemum exhibet tanquam ex ,israelis doctoribus excell5tibus unum40--,beel41 ,gr4 ,gram41 #ag1 #d1 adnot #c4 #cg ,smi?'s ,diction>y ( ! ,bible1 #bnd edition1 #ahic4 #ch ,tr5*1 ,/udies 9 ! ,gospels1 p4 #hd4 #ci ,! "n ,si*> is d]iv$ by "s f %ikkor 771 a drunk>d2 by o!rs %eqqu] 771 a li>2 ! city ( li>s1 p]haps ( false wor%ip4 #dj 8,v5it muli] ad puteum et fontem quem non sp]avit inv5it40--,/4 ,aug4 #da ,massillon1 9 a beautiful ,l5t5 ,s]mon on ?is subject1 says3 8,n\velle artifice1 dont elle s'avise p\r dt\rn] la "q de ses murs1 qui lui dplait1 et qui l'emb>asse1 elle se jette habilim5t sur une "q de doctr9e40 #db ,comp>e ,acts xvii4 #bc1 :]e ! true read+ is 1 agree+ ) ! ,vulgate4 #dc ,comp>e ! say+1 common 9 p>ts ( ,irel&3 8,x is long till ,hall[day40 #dd ,our ,"l 0 probably baptiz$ by ,john betwe5 ! middle ( ,octob] & ! #be? ,decemb]3 8,quae quum ita s9t1 dies baptismi fu]it oportet int] m$ium ,octobrem int]que viii4 ,kal41 ,janu>10 ,patrizzi1 ,diss4 xlvii41 c4 i4 #aa4 #de ,x is n c]ta9 :i* is ! correct read+1 :e!r or 7a fea/1 or ! fea/74 ,ne>ly all ! critics are aga9/ read+ ! article4 ,s ,la*mann1 ,tis*1 ,we/c41 & ,hort2 &1 s too1 ! ,prote/ant ,revis$ ,v]sion4 ,/ill1 !re are a great _m anci5t au?orities1 among !m ! ,codex 7,s9ait47 9 fav\r ( read+ ! article4 ,b ev5 if ! read+ 7 c]ta91 x w\ld /ill be d\btful :at fea/ is meant4 #df ,! passage is reg>d$ z spuri\s by ,tis*41 ,tregell41 ,we/c41 & ,hort1 & by ! ,rev4 ,v]s4 #dg 8 haud r>o e/ v]bum =5se1 atque significat accus>e40--,ku94 #dh 8,unde secundum ,augu/9um1 demon/r>e ,patrem ,filio1 nihil aliud e/ quam ,patrem g5]>e ,filium4 ,et ,filium vid]e quae ,pat] facit1 nihil aliud e/ quam ,filium esse et naturam a ,patre recip]e40--,/4 ,?om4 on v]se #bj4 #di 8,e/ argum5tum ab humano modo sumptum1 respectu hom9um illorum1 qui se amant1 hi enim mutuo sibi omnia communicant1 nihil sibi occultant1 et cum rev]a ,pat] summe diligat ,filium1 utitur hoc argum5to ut signo1 et probatione propt] nos1 non autem quod causa sit cur omnia demon/ret10--,tolet4 ,= o!r explanations1 ,corl41 page #aah1 may be consult$4 #ej ,mald4 ?9ks t ! pr9cipal ref]5ce 9 v]ses #ba & #be is to ! g5]al resurrection4 #ea 8,deus eam 7pote/atem judici>iam7 communic>e noluit nec congrue potuit puro hom9i1 s$ ,*ri/o soli1 qui ,deus e/ et homo4 ,ipse enim ut ,deus1 summam habet auctoritatem judic&i2 ut homo v]o habet facultatem judicium hoc visibilit] coram hom9ibus salv&is et damn&is ex]c5di40--,a ,lap4 #eb 8,nam ipse1 qua ,deus1 idem num]o habet judicium1 e&em num]o m5tem et voluntatem div9am quam habet ,pat]2 qua homo v]o1 totus regitur a deitate et v]bo inhabitante1 ut aliud judic>e et velle nequeat quam id quod ejus deitas1 quasi praeses1 judicat et vult40--,a ,lap4 #ec ,! inspiration ( ! prophets1 ?\gh usually attribut$ to ! ,holy ,gho/1 is1 l e "w t is n t]m9at$ 9 ,god ,himself1 common to ! ?ree div9e ,p]sons1 & is "h ref]r$ to ! ,fa!r1 s9ce ,*ri/ is address+ ! ,jews1 :o knew no?+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & w\ld n value ,8 te/imony4 #ed ,f ,juv5al we le>n t 9 ,rome ! coph9us 0 c>ri$ ab\t ) !m by ! ,jews3 8,judaeis ,quorum coph9us fo5umque supellex40--,sat4 iii4 #ad4 #ee ,calv9 reta9$ ,baptism1 ,eu*>i/1 & ,holy ,ord]s2 ,zw+li1 ,baptism1 ,eu*>i/1 & ,matrimony2 ,lu!r1 9 ! ,confession ( ,augsburg1 ,baptism1 ,eu*>i/1 & ,p5ance2 & ! ,anglican ,*ur*1 9 ! #be? ( ! ,?irtyn9e ,articles1 ,baptism & ! ,eu*>i/4 #ef ,?\gh x is n def9$ t !re is ref]5ce to ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ 9 any "p ( ! #f? *apt] ( ,/4 ,john1 /ill1 s9ce ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t und]/ood ! passage 7#ebei7 9 ?is s5se 7,sess4 xiii41 cap4 #b71 z did ne>ly all ! fa!rs :o comm5t$ on ! *apt]1 x w\ld be ra% = a ,ca?olic to d5y t ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ is promis$ 9 ! passage #ebei4 #eg 8,de hac significatione int] philologos nulla e/ dubitatio1 conf] ,psal4 xxvi4 7,hebr4 #bg7 #b2 ,job xix4 #bb2 ,mi*4 iii4 #c40--;,franz41 ,de ,eu*41 ,!s4 iii41 p4 #bb1 note4 #eh ,?\gh ,franz4 holds t ! disc\rse f v]se #cedg reg>ds fai? 9 ,*ri/1 yet he holds t ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ is ref]r$ to 9 v]se #bg4--;,de ,eu*4 ,!s41 iii41 p4 #ae4 #ei 8,noli te cogit>e invitum trahi2 trahitur animus et amore 444 ,ramum viridem o/5dis ovi1 et trahis illam4 ,nuces pu]o demon/rantur et trahitur40--,/4 ,augu/4 #fj ,see1 e4g41 above iii4 #f3 ,:at is born ( ! _s is _s2 i4e41 spiritual4 #fa ,ev5 ,r5an1 :o _h held ?is view 9 ! ,vie de ,jesus ab&on$ x 9 a lat] "w3 ,les ,evangiles1 ,app5dix1 page #edb4 #fb ,t ,james ! bro!r ( ! ,"l 0 an ,apo/le1 is prov$ f ,gal4 i4 #ai4 ,see also ,acts ix4 #bg1 #bh4 ,n[ ,jude1 ! au?or ( ! %ort ,epi/le :i* be>s 8 "n1 :o is commonly ref]r$ to z id5tical ) ,jude ! ,apo/le1 calls himself a bro!r ( ,james 7only ,james ! ,less1 ! bro!r ( ! ,"l1 & wellkn[n bi%op ( ,j]usalem c be meant74 ,jude #a2 h5ce1 two at lea/1 ( ! bro!rs ( ! ,"l m5tion$ by ,mat!w 7xiii4 #ee71 ,m>k 7vi4 #c71 7 ,apo/les3 & s9ce ! ,apo/le ,simon is m5tion$ side by side ) !m 9 ! f\r li/s ( ! ,apo/les1 x is fairly conclud$ t he 0 _! bro!r ,simon2 h5ce ?ree ( ^! bre?r5 ( ! ,"l 7 ,apo/les4 #fc ,evangeli/>ies are selections f ! ,gospels = ! purpose ( liturgical read+4 #fd 8,relate ad /ylum haec praes]tim notantur2 pro p>ticala quam amat ,joannes1 semp] adhibetur 2 de9de occurunt vocabula 7vel phrases71 quibus ,joannes nullibi utitur3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 et 40--,corn41 ,introd41 iii41 p4 #bce1 n4 #c4 #fe e4g41 ix4 #babh1 2 2 4 #ff 8,ri5 dans le morceau ne fait disp>ate avec le /yle du quatrime ,evangile40--,r5an1 ,vie de ,jesus1 ed4 #ah1 page #ejj4 #fg ,!9]1 i41 pp4 #gagg4 #fh ,s ! ,prote/ant ,revis$ ,v]sion1 :i* 9 ! m>g9 gives z an alt]native3 ,h[ is x t ,i ev5 speak to y at all8 #fi ,x is h>dly necess>y to rem9d ! read] t ! pres5t ( ?is v]b means to place1 & h5ce ! p]fect means1 ,i h plac$ myself1 or /&4 #gj ,besides ! ,ph>isees believ$ t only ! good s\ls pass$ into o!r bodies4 ,see ,josephus1 ,ant41 viii4 #a1 #c2 ,b4 ,jud41 ii4 #h1 #ad4 #ga ,t is (t5 us$ ( m]ely civil wor%ip 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t is n d5i$ by anyone2 & t x is s us$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t also1 see ,matt4 xviii4 #bf1 :]e x is f> m probable t 78adorabat10 n 8orabat10 z ,vulg47 is ! correct read+4 #gb 8,significat enim haec phrasis primo securitatem1 secundo fiduciam1 t]tio lib]tatem conv]s&i ubilibet1 suo mun]e fung5di1 et quaelibet negotia p]ag5di pro ,*ri/o et p] ,*ri/um40--,a ,lap4 #gc 8,patres omnes 444 intelligunt de uno pa/ore 9 t]ris exi/5te qui visibilit] pascat et regat40--,su>ez1 ,de ,fide1 ,tract4 #a1 ,disp4 #i1 ,sect4 #f1 n4 #c4 #gd 8,lectio ,vulgatae ita =et expon5da3 ,pat] quod d$it mihi1 div9am naturam secum id5ticam1 id majus e/ rebus omnibus1 adeoque omnibus creaturis pot5tius2 ideoque nemo pote/ oves rap]e de manu mea1 sicut nec de manu ,patris1 nam ,ego et ,pat] unum sumus4444 ,cet]um si duo v]siculi 9 ,vulgata complexive sumuntur1 exprimunt quum ,patris omnipot5tiam tum ,filii cum ,patre consub/antialitem2 quae duo dogmata etiam 9 orig9ali textu hab5tur1 licet alio modo4 ,ergo duae lectiones dogmatice concordant sub/antialit]40--,corl4 #ge 8,praes5s adhibetur ad signific&um id quod jam jam ev5turum e/1 aut quod quis jam 9 eo e/ ut faciat40--,beel41 ,g4 ,g41 #da1 #b1 a4 #gf ,! bodies ( ! wick$ also %all be rais$ on ! la/ day1 b1 z ,a ,lap4 says3 8,quia resurg5t ad torm5ta ,geh5nae1 h9c vita eorum potius mors dic5da e/1 quam vita40 #gg ,! ,p]fect "h has a ,pres5t signification4 8,praes5tis temporis loco ,p]fectum adhibetur eat5us tantum quat5us v]bo p]fecti temporis significatur actio quaepiam aut conditio1 quae praet]ito tempore incepta nunc p]durat quaeque adeo sui initium tantum praet]ito tempore habeat40--,beel41 ,gr4 ,gram41 #da1 #d a4 #gh ,by its orig9al in/itution1 ! (fice ( ,highprie/ 0 to be held = life2 b we "k f ,josephus t ! ,highprie/ 0 frequ5tly depos$ by ! ,romans4 8,praetor 9 ,judaeam missus e/ ,val]ius ,gratus2 qui ,ananum ,pontificatu privavit1 et eum ,ismaeli ,phabi filio tribuit1 atque hunc non multo po/ abdicavit1 et id munus ,eleaz>o ,anani ,pontificis filio commisit4 ,uno autem anno po/ sac]dotium huic ademtum ,simoni ,cami?i filio tradidit2 cumque is dignitatem non ultra anni spatium t5uisset1 ,josephus1 cui etiam ,caiphae nom5 fuit1 ei successit40--,josephus1 ,antiq41 xviii4 #b1 #b4 #gi 8,dubium non e/1 qu9 ,mat?aeus et ,m>cus1 ut explic5t quo modo ,judas ad traditionem p]v5]it1 n>rationem hanc p>5!tico modo illis1 quae de ,ph>isaeorum et sac]dotum consilio tradunt1 ins]u]9t40--,corn41 iii41 p4 #bif1 note n4 ,s too ,col]idge1 ,life ( our ,life1 vol4 ii41 p4 #df3 8,! two e>li] ,evangeli/s give _! acc\nts ( t supp] out ( its place1 & 9 imm$iate connection ) ! ,passion ( our ,"l1 = ! obvi\s reason t x 0 an incid5t ( t supp]1 :i* f9ally det]m9$ ,judas to betray our ,"l to ,8 enemies1 & ?us to br+ ab\t ,8 dea?40 #hj ,s ,la*m41 ,tis*41 ,treg41 ,we/ ,hort4 ,! ,r4 ,v4 has3 ,suff] h] to keep x aga9/ ! day ( my bury+1 & 9 m>g93 ,let h] alone2 x 0 t %e might keep x4 #ha ,x is frequ5tly m5tion$ z a pro( ( our ,"l's humility t ,he condesc5d$ 9 ?is h\r ( triumph to ride ^u an ass2 & ! context 9 ! prophecy ( ,za*>y quot$ above seems to fav\r ?is view4 ,/ill !re is good reason = suppos+ t ! ass 0 commonly us$ by nobles 9 ! ,ea/ 7see1 e4g41 ,judg4 v4 #aj1 x4 #d2 #c ,k+s i4 #cc71 & t = ?is reason1 ,*ri/ may h us$ x 9 ! h\r ( ,8 triumph4 #hb ,see1 e4g41 ,john xviii4 #bh1 :]e we are told t ! ,jews1 on ! morn+ ( ! crucifixion1 ab/a9$ f ent]+ ! hall ( ,pilate1 8t !y might n be defil$1 b t !y might eat ! pas*40 #hc ,matt4 xxvi4 #agbj2 ,m>k xiv4 #abag2 ,luke xxii4 #gad4 #hd ,see ,col]idge1 ,passiontide1 ,"p ii41 p4 #cc4 #he ,passiontide1 ,"p ii41 pp4 #djdb4 #hf ,s9ce ! ,jews remov$ all leav5 f _! h\ses on ! #ad? ,nisan1 t day seems to h be5 call$ ! fir/ day ( ,azymes4 ,x 0 dur+ t day t ! la/ supp] 0 prep>$1 b x 0 dur+ ! foll[+ night 7,exod4 xii4 #h71 & !re=e :5 ! next ,jewi% day _h already comm5c$1 t x 0 eat54 #hg ,! foll[+ are ! passages f :i* ! objections are drawn3--,john xiii4 #a2 xiii4 #bi2 xviii4 #bh2 xix4 #ad1 #ca4 #hh ,see ! able article1 by ,dr4 ,molloy1 9 ,i4 ,e4 ,record1 vol4 ix41 pp4 #ddedfd4 #hi ,! read] may consult ) pr(it ,i4 ,e4 ,record1 vol4 x41 pp4 #aajaad4 #ij 8,adhuc co5abatur quum ,dom9us surrexit et p$es lavit discipulis suis40--,/4 ,aug4 #ia ,anyone :o desires full] in=mation on ! rites ( ! ,pas*al ,supp] w f9d x 9 ,maclean's acc\nt giv5 by ,dr4 ,wal% 9 ! note ref]r$ to above4 #ib 8,quam enim ,romani togam aut pallium1 id e/ summan ve/em1 ,graeci1 ui ex ,plut>*o discimus1 appellabant40--,mald1 9 loco4 #ic ,matt4 xxvi4 #be3 8,& ,judas t betray$ him1 answ]+ said3 ,is x ,i1 ,rabbi8 ,he sai? to him3 ,?\ ha/ said x10 pres5ts consid]able difficulty1 z ,judas appe>s to be !re di/9ctly po9t$ out4 ,"s h held t only ! traitor himself he>d ,*ri/'s reply2 b x is difficult to see h[ "s ( ! o!rs close to ,jesus %\ld n also he> x4 ,h5ce we pref] to hold t ^! words1 ?\gh record$ by ,/4 ,matt4 be=e 8 acc\nt ( ! in/itution ( ! ,bless$ ,eu*>i/ 7 9 reality n spok5 till aft] ! dipp$ bread _h be5 giv5 to ! traitor4 #id ,dr4 ,wal%1 ,h>mony ( ! ,gospel ,n>ratives1 pp4 #acg1 #ach4 #ie ,x is read by ,la*m41 ,tis*41 ,tregel41 ,we/c41 & ,hort1 & by ! ,revis$ ,v]sion z well z ! ,vulgate4 #if ,! quantity ( ! ?ird syllable 9 ?is ^w v>ies4 ,/rictly x ought to be long1 ! ^w be+ d]iv$ f ! ,greek 2 b 9 ecclesia/ical ,lat9 x is g5]ally %ort1 & spell$ ) i in/ead ( e1 z 9 ! ,v5i ,creator3 ,qui dic]is ,p>aclitus4 #ig 8,ex dictis colligitur duo ad missionem proprie dictam concurr]e1 alt]um1 sempit]nam processionem p]sonae1 quae mittitur2 alt]um1 ext]nam aliquam effici5tiam1 sive sub s5sus incidat1 ut cum1 hom9e suscepto4 ,v]bum hom9ibus app>uit1 aut sub columbae specie ,spiritus ,sanctus1 sive int]ius sit nec aspectabile quod agitur1 ut cum ,spiritus ,s4 ad fidelium quemque demittitur40--,p]rone1 ,de ,tr941 cap4 vi41 ,s*olion #d1 note #c4 #ih ,see also ,a ,lap4 9 loco4 ,"s :o hold t ?is 0 spok5 on ! way to ,ge?semane1 ?9k t ! m5tion ( ! v9e 0 sugge/$ by ! sight ( a v9e z ,*ri/ & ! ,apo/les pass$ along4 #ii ,see ,less4 ( ,?ir4 ,noct4 ,comm4 ,m>ty4 7,temp4 ,pas*47 #ajj 8,non eo modo illi 9 ipso1 sicut ipse 9 illis4 ,utrumque autem prode/1 non ipsi1 s$ illis4 ,ita quippe 9 vite sunt palmites1 ut viti non conf]ant1 s$ inde accipiant unde vivant1 ita v]o vitis e/ 9 palmitibus1 ut vitale alim5tum subm9i/ret eis1 non sumat ab eis4 ,ac p] hoc1 et man5tem 9 se hab]e ,*ri/um et man]e 9 ,*ri/o1 discipulis prode/ utrumque1 non ,*ri/o4 ,nam praeciso palmite pote/ de viva radice alius pullul>e2 qui autem praecisus e/1 s9e radice non pote/ viv]e40--,/4 ,aug4 9 loc4 #aja 8,non utique ipso die ,p5teco/es1 s$ tempore adv5tus ,spiritus ,sancti paulatim1 ac p] gradus inducti sunt 9 omnem v]itatem1 ut ex manife/is factis et ex ipsis v]bis con/at3 inducet 9 omnem v]itatem 40--,franz4 ,de ,trad41 p4 #bfg4 note #a4 #ajb ,see ,franz41 ,de ,div4 ,trad4 ,!s41 xxii4 #aa4 #ajc 8,semp] itaque audit ,spiritus ,sanctus quia semp] scit3 ergo et scivit1 et scit1 et sciet2 ac p] hoc et audivit1 et audit1 et audiet3 quia sicut jam diximus1 hoc e/ illi audire quod scire1 et scire illi hoc e/ quod esse4 ,ab illo igitur audivit1 audit1 et audiet a quo e/3 ab illo e/ a quo proc$it40--,/4 ,aug4 on ?is v]se1 ,tract4 #ii4 #ajd 8,uno v]bo3 ,spiritus ,sanctus aet]nalit] audit et accipit a ,filio cum respectu ad effectum 9 tempore1 qui tum qu&o ,*ri/us loquebatur1 promittebatur adhuc futurus2 ideo auditio et acceptio quae aet]nalit] et ideo etiam tunc e/1 qu&o exi/it effectus1 potuit propt] hanc op]ationem et propt] effectum futurum ad extra enunti>i 9 =ma temporis futuri40--,franz41 ,de ,tr94 ,!s41 xxxii4 i4 #d c4 #aje 8,igitur 9 significatione =mali illud meum1 quod ,spiritus v]itatis dicitur accip]e communicatum a ,filio1 e/ absoluta sapi5tia cum respectu ad extra1 ad doctr9am scilicet inspir&am et annunti&am4 ,at pr(ecto sapi5tia absoluta id5tice ac realit] e/ ipsamet ess5tia div9a40--,franz41 ,!s41 xxxii4 i4 #d b4 #ajf ,!re is a cle> & important diff]5ce betwe5 ! two words = ask+ us$ 9 ?is v]se4 always 9 classical1 & g5]ally 9 ,hell5i/ic ,greek1 means to int]rogate1 to "q4 ,9 ,hell5i/ic ,greek x sometimes means to reque/1 to petition1 z 9 v]se #bf bel[2 b ev5 !n !re is a di/9ction :i* is c>efully obs]v$ ?r\gh\t ! ,new ,te/am5t betwe5 x & 4 is us$ ( ! reque/ ( an equal1 or at lea/ ( a famili> fri5d1 ( ! supplication ( an inf]ior4 ,h5ce ,*ri/ nev] once uses ! latt] ^w 9 ref]5ce to ,8 own ask+ ( ! ,fa!r4 #ajg 8,resuscita me1 ut innotescas toti orbi p] me40--,/4 ,aug4 #ajh ,all !ologians admit t ! happ9ess ( ! bless$ consi/s radically 9 ! vision ( ,god2 b :ile _m ,?omi/s hold t x consi/s ess5tially 9 ?is1 o!r !ologians hold t x consi/s 9 acts ( ! w1 z ( love & joy1 z well z ( ! intellect4 #aji ,*ri/'s human s\l enjoy$ ! beatific vision f ! fir/ mom5t ( ! inc>nation2 b ! connatural effects ( ?is ^u ,8 body 7 susp5d$ dur+ ,8 mortal life4 #aaj 8,aori/us 444 indicat p]actam rem esse aut nunc aut olim1 hoc e/1 aliqua praet]iti temporis p>te1 quae indef9ita rel9quitur4 ,p]fectum sicut 9 classica graecitate1 ita et 9 graecitate ,n4 ,te/am5ti adhib]i solet ad signific&am actionem plane praet]itam1 quae aut nunc f9ita e/1 aut p] effectus suos durat40--,beel41 ,g4 ,g41 #da4 #aaa ,s ,griesb41 ,la*m41 ,tis*41 ,treg41 ,we/c41 ,hort1 & ! ,revis$ ,v]sion4 #aab ,or m correctly3 8= we all p>take ( "o bread40 #aac ,f\r? ,edition1 ,london1 #ahei4 #aad 8,e/ autem 9 ,graeco s5sus hujus s5t5tiae ap]tior3 non enim habetur p>ticula copulativa1 s$ illativa1 et non e/ praet]itum1 s$ aori/us primus qui saepe plusquam p]fecti significationem habet4 ,s5sus ergo e/3 ,mis]at igitur eum ,annas ligatum ad ,caipham ,pontificem1 e/ enim locutio rev]t5tis ad n>rationem praet]missam1 et p>ticula illativa indicat quae relata sunt1 fuisse facta po/quam missus e/ ,*ri/us ab ,anna ad ,caipham40--,tol41 9 loc4 #aae ,we %all n be f> f ! tru?1 if we say t ! ,pas*al ,supp] began ab\t #g p4m42 t ,jesus retir$ to ,ge?semani ab\t #aj2 t ,he 0 arre/$ betwe5 #aa & #ab2 t ! midnight trial 0 ov] ab\t #b a4m42 & t day dawn$ ab\t #d4cj4 #aaf ,maimonides1 ,de ,pas*41 vi4 #a1 says3 8,qui cadav] reptilis tetigit1 aut reptile1 aut quid aliud simile die decima qu>ta1 is lavatur1 et po/quam lotus e/1 pro eo pas*a mactant1 et sub vesp]am1 quum sol ei occubuit1 pas*a com$it40 #aag ,we read 9 ! ,mi%na1 :i* is ! olde/ portion ( ! ,jewi% ,talmud1 & 0 compos$ ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury3 8,sacrificium fe/i ,*agigah 77 adducebatur ex grege et jum5to1 agnis et capris1 masculis et fem9is2 et com$ebatur p] duos dies et unam noctem40 7,mi%41 ,pesa*im1 vi4 #d47 #aah ,jesus till n[ _h be5 outside1 = x is well kn[n ! ,roman law requir$ t ! crim9al %\ld be pres5t to he> ! *>ges br\ght aga9/ him4 ,see ,acts xxiv4 #b4 #aai ,we pref] to r5d]3 8,?\ saye/ x1 = 77 ,i am a k+20 & ?us ,/4 ,john's v]sion ( ,*ri/'s reply is m l t ( ! o!r ,evangeli/s4 #abj inde$ belongs to late ,greek1 & is d]iv$ f ! ,lat9 flagellum4 #aba ,we "k n :at k9d ( ?orns 0 us$ = ! cr[n4 ,b5$ict ,,xiv4 says t 9 8 "t x c\ld n be decid$ f any relics ( ! ?orns kn[n to exi/ to :at species !y belong$4 #abb 8,jesus igitur flagellis caesus sp9isque coronatus fuit1 ante quam ,pilatus eum capite damn>et4 ,non ergo e/ dubium1 ord9em 9 8 ref]5dis a ,mat?aeo et a ,m>co m9ime esse obs]vatum40--,patriz4 #abc ,see above on xiii4 #a4 #abd ,t a division ( ! night into f\r wat*es exi/$1 is prov$ f ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,see1 e4g41 ,m>k xiii4 #ce3 ,luke xii4 #ch4 #abe ,:e!r ,/4 ,john numb]s ! h\rs ( ! day accord+ to ! ,jewi% or mod]n me?od x is extremely difficult to decide f 8 ,gospel4 ,9 only f\r passages 7i4 #ci2 iv4 #f2 iv4 #eb2 & xix4 #ad7 does he ref] to di/9ct h\rs ( ! day1 & to ^! passages ! patrons ( bo? op9ions appeal4 ,9 ,john iv4 #f we read t x 0 8ab\t ! six? h\r0 :5 ,jesus met ! ,sam>itan woman at ! well1 & if we are "r 9 hold+ t x 0 !n ! mon? ( ,decemb] 7see above on iv4 #ce71 ?is w\ld g to %[ t our ,evangeli/ numb]s accord+ to ! ,jewi% me?od4 ,= at #f a4m4 or #f p4m4 x w\ld be d>k1 & x is :olly improbable t ,jesus 9 ! d>kness w\ld h held conv]sation alone ) ! woman4 #abf ,dr4 ,wal%1 ,h>mony ( ! ,gospel ,n>ratives1 note #ce4 ,we h n m5tion$ ! view ( ^? :o hold t ! error f transcription occurr$ 9 ,/4 ,m>k & n 9 ,/4 ,john1 & t we ought to read 8six?0 in/ead ( 8?ird0 9 ,/4 ,m>k xv4 #be4 ,=1 z ,patrizzi well po9ts out1 if ,/4 ,m>k _h writt5 8six?0 9 v]se #be1 he w\ld n1 aft] describ+ ! mock+ ( ,*ri/ ^u ! cross1 say 9 v]se #cc3 8,& :5 ! six? h\r 0 come !re 0 d>kness ov] ! :ole e>? until ! n9? h\r40 ,if error has crept 91 !n1 x is n 9 ,/4 ,m>k4 #abg ,cyr5e 0 8! pr9cipal city ( t "p ( ,nor!rn ,africa1 :i* 0 anci5tly call$ ,cyr5aica1 & also 7f its five *ief cities7 ,p5tapolitana4 ,?is di/rict 0 t wide project+ portion ( ! coa/ 7correspond+ to ! mod]n ,tripoli7 :i* 0 sep>at$ f ! t]ritory ( ,c>?age on ! "o h&1 & t ( ,egypt on ! o!r40--,smi?'s ,b4 ,d4 #abh ,! foll[+ que/ions also are disput$3--7a7 ,:e!r ,*ri/ _h ! cr[n ( ?orns ^u ,him :ile ,he hung on ! cross2 7b7 :e!r ,he 0 entirely nak$2 7c7 :e!r f\r nails or ?ree 7 us$1 t is to say1 :e!r ,8 feet l ,8 h&s 7 nail$ sep>ately or 7 plac$ "o ov] ! o!r1 ) "o nail pi]c+ bo?4 #abi ,d>ras1 ,hi/4 ,eccles4 vol4 v41 says t ,p4 ,dra* 0 able to trace all ! ,hebrew *>act]s1 & t !y agree exactly ) ,/4 ,john's v]sion ( ! title4 #acj ,! sponge is /ill pres]v$ 9 ,rome1 9 ,/4 ,john ,lat]an's4 #aca ,longet1 ,physiologie1 t4 ii41 p4 #gja4 #acb ,/4 ,matt4 on ?is po9t ne$ create no difficulty1 = al?\gh he says t an angel roll$ back ! /one f ! m\? ( ! sepul*re & sat ^u x 7probably outside ! sepul*re71 yet he does n say t ! wom5 7 address$ by ! angel :ile he sat ^u ! /one1 nor ev5 t he 0 se5 by !m :ile he 0 9 t position4 ,t he 0 se5 by ! gu>ds1 "o ( :om may h be5 aft]w>ds conv]t$ & h told ?is incid5t1 is pla9 f ,/4 ,matt43 b we are free to suppose t :5 ! angel address$ ! wom5 7,matt4 xxviii4 #e71 he may h be5 already )9 ! sepul*re1 z 9 ,/4 ,m>k4 #acc ,! difficulty aga9/ ?is view1 f ! fact t ,/4 ,matt41 accord+ to ! ,vulgate ,v]sion1 repres5ts ^! wom5 z com+ to ! tomb on ! ev5+ ( ! ,sabba? 7,vesp]e sabbati71 disappe>s1 if we admit t ! ,vulgate r5d]+ ( ! ,greek phrase1 is incorrect1 or1 at lea/1 mislead+1 & %\ld r be po/ sabbatum1 z ! phrase is expla9$ by ,mald41 ,cornely 7iii4 p4 #cja1 note ,s71 ,ku941 ,bloomf41 & ! majority ( comm5tators4 ,c]ta9ly we are conv9c$ t ,magdal5 did n visit ! tomb on ,saturday ev5+2 = _h %e done s1 %e mu/ h le>n$ t ! tomb 0 gu>d$ & ! /one t clos$ x seal$1 & %e & h] companions w\ld n come z !y did on ,sunday morn+1 say+ to "o ano!r3 8,:o %all roll away ! /one = u80 ,_h %e be5 at ! tomb on ,saturday ev5+1 %e c\ld n h hop$ to be all[$ to roll away ! /one1 :i* 0 seal$ & gu>d$2 or1 if %e hop$ = ?is p]mission f ! soldi]s1 !n !re w\ld h be5 no room = ! difficulty z to :o %\ld roll away ! /one1 z ! soldi]s1 if !y p]mitt$ its removal1 might be c\nt$ ^u to remove x = wom54 #acd ,x is ! common belief t ,jesus appe>$ fir/ ( all to ! ,bless$ ,virg91 ?\gh ! appe>ance to ,magdal5 is ! fir/ m5tion$ 9 ! ,gospels4 ,e/ius & "s o!r great comm5tators1 h[ev]1 d5y t ,he appe>$ to ! ,bless$ ,virg91 & hold t z he appe>$ 9 ord] to confirm ! fai? ( ^? to :om he appe>$1 !re 0 no ne$ t ,he %\ld appe> to ! ,bless$ ,virg94 #ace 8,unde secundum naturam suam palpabile e/ corpus gloriosum1 s$ ex virtute sup]naturali hoc ei competit ut cum vult non palpetur a corpore non glorioso40--,/4 ,?omas1 ,summ4 ,!ol41 ,suppl41 q4 #hc1 art4 #f4 #acf 8,si quis dix]it v]ba illa ,dom9i ,salvatoris3 ,accipite ,spiritum ,sanctum2 quorum remis]itis peccata1 remittuntur eis2 et quorum ret9u]itis1 ret5ta sunt3 non esse intellig5da de pote/ate remitt5di et ret95di peccata 9 ,sacram5to ,po5it5tiae1 ,sicut ,ecclesia ,ca?olica ab initio semp] intellexit2 detors]it autem1 contra in/itutionem hujus ,sacram5ti1 ad auctoritatem pra$ic&i evangelium1 ana!ma sit40--,sess4 xiv41 ,c4 #b1 ,de ,po54 #acg ,?is read+1 h[ev]1 is n c]ta91 "s critics read ! p]fect 7remissa sunt74 ,s ,tis*41 ,treg41 ,we/c4 ,hort41 & ,la*m4 #ach ,"s1 :o admit ! au!nticity ( v]ses #abc1 d5y t ( v]ses #bd & #be4 #aci ,! miracul\s draught ( fi% 9 *apt] xxi4 0 n int5d$ to confirm ! fai? ( ! disciples1 :i* n[ ne$$ no confirmation1 b to typify ! fecundity ( ! ,*ur* ov] :i* ,pet] 0 ab\t to be plac$4 #adj ,by 8clausulam0 he means ! la/ two v]ses ( ! *apt]4 #ada ,s1 too1 ,hesy*4 & ,lidd4 & ,scott take z /rong] ?an 1 s t ! two words correspond to 8am>e0 & 8dilig]e0 respectively1 z ! ,vulgate makes !m4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 ! two ,lat9 words is well recognis$4 ,?us ,cic]o 7,ep4 ,fam4 xiii4 #dg71 writ+ to "o fri5d ab\t ano!r says3 8,ut scires illum a me non diligi solum v]um etiam am>i40 #adb ,i4e41 belong+ to him 9 virtue ( 8 (fice4 #adc ,i4e41 ext5d+ directly ov] all ! fai?ful1 & n m]ely m$iately ?r\gh _! sev]al bi%ops4 7,see ,franz41 ,de4 ,eccl4 ,!s41 x4 iii4 #b c47 #add 8,crux enim solebat ita a cruci>iis port>i1 ut bra*ia ligno transv]so funibus ext5sa allig>5tur40--,corl4