,,c>riages ,,coa*es ,illu/ration ,,by ,,! ,,same ,,au?or ,,biographical ,,rob]t ,,dodsley3 ,,poet1 ,,publi%] ,,& ,,playwright ,,john ,,bask]ville3 ,a ,,memoir ) ,r4 ,k4 ,d5t ,,novels ,,! ,,prison ,,)\t ,a ,,wall ,,! ,,sc&al\s ,,mr4 ,,waldo ,,! ,,little ,,god',s ,,drum ,,! ,,man ,,ap>t ,,pamphlets ,,! ,,du/ ,,:i* ,,is ,,god #ejjj ,a4,d4 ,,c>riages ,,coa*es ,,_! ,,hi/ory ,,_! ,,evolution ,by ,ralph ,/raus ,,fully ,,illu/rat$ ,,) ,,reproductions ,,f ,,old ,,pr9ts1 ,,contempor>y ,,draw+s ,,photographs ,,london3 ,publi%$ by ,,m>t9 ,,seck] at ,numb] ,five ,john ,/reet ,,adelphi mcmxii ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,william ,,br5don ,,& ,,son1 ,,ltd4 ,,plym\? ,illu/ration3 ,! ,/ate ,coa* ( ,great ,brita9 ,to ,b4 ,s4 ,s4 ,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,primitive ,,vehicle #ag ,,ii4 ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,litt]s #db ,,iii4 ,,! ,,introduction ,,( ,,! ,,coa* #ef ,,iv4 ,,int]lude ,,( ,,! ,,*air #he ,v4 ,,sev5te5?-,,c5tury ,,innovations #aji ,,vi4 ,,e>ly ,,georgian ,,c>riages #adg ,,vii4 ,,! ,,w> ,,( ,,! ,,:eels #agf ,,viii4 ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,transition #bjd ,,ix4 ,,inv5tions ,,galore #bbg ,x4 ,,mod]n ,,c>riages #bee ,,index #bhg ,li/ ( ,illu/rations ,,! ,,/ate ,,coa* ,,( ,,great ,,brita9 ,frontispiece ,,types ,,( ,,primitive ,,c>ts fac+ page #bj ,,assyrian ,,*>iot 0 0 #bb ,,cisium 0 0 #cj ,,c>p5tum 0 0 #cj ,,pil5tum 0 0 #cb ,,b5na 0 0 #cb ,f\rte5? ,c5tury ,engli% ,c>riage 0 0 #df ,,f\rte5? ,,c5tury ,,reap]',s ,,c>t 0 0 #df ,,elizabe?an ,,c>riages 0 0 #gj ,,neapolitan ,,s$an-,,*air 0 0 #ajj ,,! 8,,social ,,p9*0 0 0 #ajd ,,s$ans 0 0 #ajd ,,coa* ,,9 ,,! ,,"t ,,( ,,*>les ,i 0 0 #aab ,,coa* ,,9 ,,! ,,"t ,,( ,,*>les ,,ii 0 0 #aab ,,e>ly ,,fr5* ,,gig 0 0 #acf ,,e>ly ,,italian ,,gig 0 0 #adb ,,! ,,/ate ,,c>riage ,,( ,,bav>ia 0 0 #adh ,,! ,,d>nley ,,*>iot 0 0 #aeb ,,que5 ,,anne',s ,,procession ,,to ,,! ,,ca!dral ,,( ,s4 ,,paul 0 0 #aeh 8,,! ,,c>riage ,,mat*0 0 0 #aij 8,,phaetona1 ,,or ,,mod]n ,,female ,,ta/e0 0 0 #aif 8,,sir ,,gregory ,,gigg0 0 0 #aif ,,george ,,iii',s ,,po/+ ,,*>iot 0 0 #bjf ,,! ,,"l ,,*ancellor ,,( ,,irel&',s ,,coa* 0 0 #bjh 8,,engli% ,,travell+1 ,,or ,,! ,,fir/ ,,/age ,,f ,,dov]0 0 0 #baf 8,,fr5* ,,travell+1 ,,or ,,! ,,fir/ ,,/age ,,f ,,calais0 0 0 #bah ,,e>ly ,,am]ican ,,%ay 0 0 #bbj ,,engli% ,,po/+ ,,*>iot 0 0 #bbj ,,b>\*e 0 0 #bcb ,,l&aulet 0 0 #bcb ,,/anhope 0 0 #bcd ,,tilbury 0 0 #bcd ,,cabriolet 0 0 #bcd 8,,! ,,c(f9-,,cab0 0 0 #bdf ,,london ,,cab ,,( #ahbc 0 0 #bdf ,,dioropha 0 0 #beb ,,br\gham ,,9 #ahei 0 0 #beb ,,edw>d ,,vii',s ,,coronation ,,l&au 0 0 #beh ,,dress ,,coa*1 #ahfj 0 0 #bfj ,,engli% ,,/ate ,,c>riage1 #aiaa 0 0 #bfj 8,,pr9cess ,,victoria ,,9 ,,h] ,,pony ,,phaeton0 0 0 #bff ,,canoe-,,%ap$ ,,l&au 0 0 #bfh ,,drag 0 0 #bfh ,,mod]n ,,am]ican ,,/ation ,,wagon 0 0 #bgd ,,mod]n ,,am]ican ,,buggy 0 0 #bgd ,preface ,i am n a coa*build]4 ,?\gh su* a pron\ncem5t w seem entirely sup]flu\s to any coa*build] :o reads ! foll[+ pages1 x is n p]haps a :olly unnecess>y rem>k4 ,=1 ) "o or two exceptions1 su* books ^u ! evolution or /ructure ( vehicles z h be5 writt5 h be5 ! "w ( indu/ri\s coa*build]s4 ,& ,i h n ! lea/ d\bt t !y are em95tly ! fit & prop] folk to c>ry out any su* task4 ,x is a melan*oly fact1 h[ev]1 t useful ?\gh ^! books may be to coa*build]s1 !y lack1 aga9 ) "o or two exceptions1 any g5]al int]e/ to ! layman4 ,! language 9 :i* !y are writt5 is1 to say ! lea/1 peculi>1 & ! au?ors h obvi\sly _h small tra9+ 9 ! art ( book-mak+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re is a :ole libr>y ( books deal+ ) ! old /age & mail coa*es1 ) all ! romance & adv5ture ( ! roads1 pack$ ) delightful anecdotes & p]sonal rem9isc5ces4 ,b su* books h>dly t\* ^u ! /ructure ( ! coa*es !mselves1 &1 s f> z ,i "k1 !re is no book entirely devot$ to a non-te*nical description ( c>riages 9 g5]al1 bas$ ^u a *ronological arrangem5t4 ,! ne>e/ approa* to su* a book is ,mr4 ,g4 ,a4 ,?rupp's ,! ,hi/ory ( ,coa*es1 publi%$ 9 #ahgg1 a m]itori\s und]tak+ f :i* ,i h freely quot$4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 !re are num]\s gaps :i* ,i h endeav\r$ to fill1 & ! v>i\s lectures f :i* x 0 compos$ d n fit toge!r s aptly z might be4 ,z a :ole1 x is diffuse4 ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey's two books1 ,e>ly ,c>riages & ,roads & ,mod]n ,c>riages1 h also be5 ( great assi/ance1 b "h1 too1 ! gr\nd cov]$ is n s l>ge z 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,o!r pamphlets & small books h appe>$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 b seem+ly owe a great deal ( _! in=mation to ,mr4 ,?rupp's "w4 ,inde$1 ,i notice t "s ( ! au?ors h be5 almo/ crim9ally =getful ( _! inv]t$ commas4 ,= purely te*nical details !re are1 ( c\rse1 _m books & trade pap]s to consult2 b ) ^! ,i h n be5 conc]n$4 ,9 ! pres5t book !re are1 inde$1 l>ge gaps1 & x is n to be tak5 ei!r z a manual ( ! art ( coa*-build+ or z a hi/ory ( locomotion4 ,x is m]ely a book ab\t c>riages1 9 :i* p>ticul> reg>d has be5 paid to *ronological sequ5ce1 & p>ticul> att5tion to su* individual c>riages z h at all )/ood ! te/ ( social hi/ory4 ,& x is writt5 by a layman :o1 until he enquir$ into ! subject1 _h nev] look$ at a c>riage ) any p>ticul> emotion4 ,! result ( 8 lab\rs1 !re=e1 is n meant = ! exp]t1 b = ! g5]al read]1 :o may h pond]$ ov] ! v>i\s vehicles he has se51 & idly wond]$ h[ !y may h be5 evolv$4 ,:]e possible1 ,i h endeav\r$ to quote f contempor>y au?ors & docum5ts4 ,mo/ ( su* quotations are n[ includ$ 9 a c>riage book = ! fir/ "t4 ,i wi% to ?ank ! v>i\s publi%]s & au?ors :o h giv5 me p]mission to repr9t illu/rations ( c>riages 9 books publi%$ or writt5 by !m4 ,also ,i am oblig$ to ,messrs4 ,maggs ,bros41 ! well-kn[n booksell]s1 = p]mission to photograph a r>e pr9t entitl$ ,! ,c>riage ,mat*1 9 _! possession4 ,,ralph ,,/raus4 ,,badm9ton ,,club1 ,augu/1 #aiab4 ,*apt] ! ,fir/ ,,! ,,primitive ,,vehicle 8,?is is a travell]1 sir1 kn[s m5 & ,mann]s1 & has pl\gh'd up sea s f>1 ,till bo? ! poles h knock'd2 has se5 ! sun ,take coa*1 & c di/+ui% ! col\r ,( 8 horses1 & _! k9ds40 ,beaumont & ,flet*]4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t al?\gh 9 a g5]ality ( cases nature has =e/all$ ! +5i\s me*anician1 man = 8 :eel has _h to evolve an app>atus :i* has no c\nt]p>t 9 8 primitive environm5t--9 o!r words1 t !re is no?+ 9 nature :i* corresponds to ! :eel4 ,yet ev5 ! mo/ sup]ficial inquiry into ! nature ( ! e>lie/ vehicles mu/ d mu* to refute su* a sugge/ion4 ,primitive :eels 7 simply ?ick logs cut f a tree-trunk1 probably = firewood4 ,at "s "t or ano!r ^! logs mu/ h roll$ ( _! own accord f a high] to a l[] piece ( gr\nd1 & f man's obs]vation ( ?is simple ph5om5on mu/ h come ! fir/ idea ( a :eel4 ,if a r\nd object c\ld roll ( its own accord1 x c\ld also be made to roll4 ,yet x is to be notic$ t ! e>lie/ me?ods ( locomotion1 o!r ?an ^? purely muscul>1 su* z walk+ & rid+1 knew no?+ ( :eels4 ,su* me?ods dep5d$ prim>ily ^u ! enorm\sly significant discov]y t a man c\ld drag a heavi] weight ?an he c\ld c>ry1 & :at appli$ to a man also appli$ to a bea/4 ,possibly su* discov]y foll[$ on ! m]e obs]vation ( objects be+ c>ri$ d[n ! /ream ( "s riv]1 & p]haps a rudely con/ruct$ raft %\ld be consid]$ to be ! e>lie/ =m ( vehicle4 ,f ! raft prop] to a raft to be us$ ^u l& 0 b a /ep1 & ! fir/ l& vehicle1 :5ev] or :]ev] x 0 made1 assur$ly took a =m :i* to ?is day is 9 common use 9 "s c\ntries4 ,?is 0 ! sl$ge4 ,on a sl$ge heavy loads c\ld be dragg$ ov] ! gr\nd1 & exp]i5ce soon] or lat] mu/ h %[n :at 0 ! be/ =m ( app>atus = su* "w4 ,z s (t5 happ5s1 moreov]1 9 me*anical contrivances1 ! e>lie/ sl$ge ( :i* !re is record--a sculptur$ repres5tation 9 an ,egyptian temple--be>s a rem>kable resemblance to ^? 9 use at ! pres5t "t4#a ,!n1 z n[1 m5 us$ two long runn]s ) upturn$ ends 9 front & cross-pieces to unite !m & be> ! load4 ,su* sl$ges 7 l>gely us$ to convey ! huge /ones ) :i* ! ,egyptians rais$ _! solemn masses ( masonry &1 incid5tally1 also z a he>se4 ,9 "t1 h[ev]1 x 0 f\nd t bett] results 7 obta9$ by ! use ( ano!r & r m complicat$ app>atus :i* _h = its *ief compon5t--a :eel4 ,?is second discov]y t to roll a burd5 prov$ an easi] task ?an to drag x 0 fraught ) su* trem5d\s consequ5ces z alt]$ ! entire hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,x rema9$ to f9d a bett] fulcrum ?an t af=d$ by ! r\gh turf ov] :i* su* logs1 :5 burd5$1 7 roll$4 ,:at probably foll[$ is well describ$ by ,bridges ,adams4#b 8,! next process10 he ?9ks1 8w\ld naturally be t ( cutt+ a hole ?r\gh ! roll] 9 :i* to ins]t ! lev]4 ,! conv5i5ce ( sev]al holes 9 ! circumf]5ce ( ! roll] w\ld !n become app>5t1 & !re w\ld be =m$ an embryo :eel nave4 ,x c\ld n fail to be rem>k$ also1 t ! l>g] ! roll]1 ! great] ! facility = turn+ x1 & consequ5tly ! great] ! load t c\ld be borne ^u x40 ,ow+ to ! difficulty ( us+ su* l>ge logs1 he goes on to sugge/1 a "t w\ld come :5 x 0 f\nd t a roll] ne$ n be> ^u ! gr\nd ?r\gh\t its l5g?1 b only at its extremities4 ,s f ! s+le roll] w\ld be evolv$ two r\gh :eels jo9$ by a beam1 squ>e at fir/ ?\gh aft]w>ds r\nd$1 ^u :i* c\ld be fix$ a frame = ! load4 ,su* axle & :eels w\ld revolve toge!r & keep ! requir$ position by means ( pieces ( wood :i* may be comp>$ ) ! ?ole-p9s ( a boat4 ,& x is a rem>kable fact t until la/ c5tury su* primitive c>ts 7 9 use 9 ,portugal & p>ts ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,! *ief drawback to a vehicle ( ?is k9d is its inability to turn 9 a small space1 & ! pione]s1 :oev] !y 71 f9ally discov]$ ! pr9ciple ( ! fix$ axle-tree1 ! :eels revolv+ ^u _! own c5tre4 ,s1 8in/ead ( fix+ ! cross-beam or axle 9 a squ>e hole10 ^! pione]s 8w\ld contrive x to play easily 9 a r\nd "o ( a conical =m1 t be+ ! easie/ =m ( adju/m5t40 ,su* a c> z ?is1 ) solid :eels & a rude frame1 0 us$ by ! ,romans1 & is /ill to be se5 9 p>ts ( ,*ili4 ,! next process 9 ! evolution ( ! :eel d\btless foll[$ ^u ! necessity ( economis+ ) l>ge sections ( wood1 & !re 0 f9ally inv5t$ a :eel made ( ?ree portions--a c5tral pi]c$ "p1 ! nave1 an outside circul> piece1 ! rim or felloe1 & two or m cross-pieces1 jo9+ ! two1 ! spokes4 ,( ^! ! felloes w\ld t5d to we> soone/1 & a d\ble set w\ld be appli$ to ! spokes1 z 0 ! case until rec5tly 9 ! ox-c>ts ( ! ,pampas1 or b>cos de ti]ra1 z !y 7 call$ by ! natives4 ,& inde$1 ! fir/ c>riages ( :i* we h p>ticul> in=mation1 ! *>iots ( ! ,egyptians & _! neighb\rs1 diff] ess5tially f su* primitive c>ts only 9 ! delicacy & ornam5tation ( ! c>riage body4 ,illu/ration3 ,types ( ,primitive ,c>ts ,v>i\s vehicles are m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible1 ?\gh "o mu/ be *>y ( diff]5tiat+ betwe5 !m m]ely because ! translators h giv5 !m diff]5t names4 ,bo? waggons & *>iots are m5tion$ 9 ,g5esis4 ,jacob's family 7 s5t to him 9 a waggon4 ,joseph rode 9 ! second *>iot ( ,ph>aoh z a p>ticul> m>k ( fav\r4 ,at ! "t ( ! ,exodus1 w>-*>iots =m$ an important "p ( ! ,egyptian army1 & inde$1 "r ?r\gh ! v>i\s dyna/ies1 !re is an almo/ cont9u\s m5tion ( _! use4#c 8,! deft craftsm5 ( ,egypt10 says ,brea/$1#d 8soon ma/]$ ! art ( *>iot-mak+1 & ! /ables ( ! ,ph>aoh conta9$ ?\s&s ( ! be/ horses to be _h 9 ,asia40 ,ab\t #aejj ,b4,c4 ,?utmose ,,iii w5t =? to battle 9 8a glitt]+ *>iot ( electrum40 ,he slew ! enemy's lead]1 & took captive _! pr9ces & 8_! *>iots1 wr\ght ) gold1 b\nd to _! horses40 ,^! b>b>ians also _h 8*>iots ( silv]10 ?\gh ?is probably means t !y 7 built ( wood & /r5g!n$ or decorat$ ) silv]4 ,at ! dissolution ( ! ,empire ! ,hittites _h increas$ wond]fully 9 p[]1 & x is told ( !m t !y excell$ all o!r nations 9 ! art ( *>iotry4 ,! ,hittite *>iot 0 l>g] & m heavily built ?an t ( ! ,egyptians1 z x bore ?ree m51 driv]1 b[man1 & %ield-be>]1 :ile ! ,egyptian 0 satisfi$ ) two4 ,! enorm\s numb] ( *>iots us$ 9 w>f>e is %[n by ! fact t 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury be=e ,*ri/1 :5 ! ,egyptians defeat$ ! ,syrians at ,megiddo1 ne>ly a ?\s& 7 captur$1 & aga9/ ,ramses ,,ii ! ,hittites put no less ?an #bejj into ! field4 8,! ,egyptian *>iots10 says ,h4 ,a4 ,:ite1#e 87 ( light & simple con/ruction1 ! mat]ial employ$ be+ wood1 z is prov$ by sculptures repres5t+ ! manufacture ( *>iots4 ,! axle 0 set f> back1 & ! bottom ( ! c>1 :i* re/$ on ?is & on ! pole1 0 sometimes =m$ ( a frame int]lac$ ) a network ( ?ongs or ropes4 ,! *>iot 0 entirely op5 beh9d & = ! great] "p ( ! sides1 :i* 7 =m$ by a curv$ rail ris+ f ea* side ( ! back ( ! base1 & re/+ on a wood5 upright above ! pole 9 front4 ,f ?is rail1 :i* 0 /r5g!n$ by lea!r ?ongs1 a b[-case ( lea!r1 (t5 ri*ly ornam5t$1 hung on ! "r-h& side1 slant+ =w>ds2 :ile ! quiv] & spe> cases incl9$ 9 ! opposite direction4 ,! :eels1 :i* 7 fa/5$ on ! axle by a l9*-p9 secur$ ) a %ort ?ong1 _h six spokes 9 ! case ( w> *>iots1 b 9 private vehicles sometimes only f\r4#f ,! pole slop$ upw>ds1 & to ! end ( x a curv$ yoke 0 atta*$4 ,a small saddle at ea* end ( ! yoke re/$ on ! )]s ( ! horses1 & 0 secur$ 9 its place by brea/-b& & gir?4 ,no traces are to be se54 ,! bridle 0 (t5 ornam5t$2 a be>+-re9 0 fa/5$ to ! saddle1 & ! o!r re9s pass$ ?r\gh a r+ at ! side ( ?is4 ,! numb] ( horses to a *>iot seems always to h be5 two2 & 9 ! c>1 :i* conta9$ no seat1 only r>ely are m ?an two p]sons depict$1 except 9 triumphal processions4 ,illu/ration3 ,assyrian ,*>iot 7,f ,smi?'s 8,concise ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,c>riages07 8,assyrian *>iots did n diff] 9 any ess5tial po9ts f ! ,egyptian4#g ,!y 71 h[ev]1 completely panell$ at ! sides1 & a %ield 0 sometimes hung at ! back4 ,! :eels _h six1 or1 at a lat] p]iod1 eight spokes2 ! felloes 7 broad1 & seem to h be5 =m$ ( ?ree di/9ct circles ( wood1 sometimes surr\nd$ by a metal tyre4 ,:ile only two horses 7 atta*$ to ! yokes1 9 ! old] monum5ts a ?ird horse is g5]ally to be se51 :i* 0 probably us$ z a res]ve4 ,! lat] *>iots are squ>e 9 front1 n r\nd$2 ! c> itself is l>g] & high]2 ! cases = ! weapons are plac$ 9 front1 n at ! side2 & only two horses are us$4 ,! h>ness diff]s some:at f ! ,egyptian4 ,a broad coll> passes r\nd ! neck1 f :i* hangs a brea/ ornam5t1 ! :ole be+ secur$ by a triple /rap "u ! belly ( ! horse4 ,z 9 ,egypt !re are no traces visible2 two driv+-re9s are atta*$ to ea* horse1 b ! be>+-re9 seems to be unkn[n4 ,9 addition to ! w>rior & ! *>iote]1 we (t5 see a ?ird man :o be>s a %ield2 & a f\r? occupant ( ! *>iot sometimes appe>s4 8,! ,hittite *>iots1 z repres5t$ on ,egyptian monum5ts1 regul>ly conta9 ?ree w>riors4 ,9 con/ruction !y are pla9] & m solid ?an ! ,egyptian1 & ! sides are n op54 ,! *>iots on ,p]sian sculptures closely resemble ! ,assyrian40 ,!re is /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,ar*ological ,museum at ,flor5ce an ,egyptian *>iot1 a light1 simple1 two-:eel$ affair ) a s+le %aft & f\r spokes to ! :eels4 ,f ! numb] ( spokes x may be suppos$ t ?is p>ticul> *>iot 0 n us$ 9 w>4 ,9 ,new ,york1 too1 !re is pres]v$ ! :eel ( an ,egyptian *>iot f\nd at ,da%\r4 ,! p>ticul>s ( ?is be> out ,mr4 ,:ite's description4 ,! :eel itself is ?ree feet high1 ) a long axle arm1 six spokes1 tap]+ t[>ds ! felloe1 & a d\ble rim4 8,! six inn] felloes d n meet z 9 mod]n :eels10 says ,?rupp1#h 8b are splic$ "o ov] ! o!r1 ) an ov]lap ( ?ree in*es40 ,artificial roads seem to h exi/$ at an e>ly p]iod 9 ,pale/9e1 b ! c\ntry 0 h>dly suitable = vehicles1 & "o fir/ he>s ( waggons 9 ! flatt] wa/es ( ,egypt & ! level pla9s ( ,phili/ia4 ,agricultural c>ts ^! 71 ?\gh no d\bt e>ly us$ = pass5g] traffic4 ,"s ( ^! c>ts 7 mo/ probably cov]$1 ?\gh no cov]+s seem to h be5 fix$ to ! *>iots4 ,! ,assyrians1 h[ev]1 occasionally took into _! private *>iots an att5dant1 :o 0 provid$ ) a cov]+ %ap$ some:at l a mod]n umbrella4 ,?is cov]+ 0 held ov] ! own]'s head1 & 0 sometimes provid$ ) a curta9 :i* hung d[n at ! back4 ,details ( ! private c>riages 9 use dur+ ^! ,biblical times filt] ?r\gh ! *ronicles4 ,9 ,syria ! m]*ants despat*$ by ,solomon to buy *>iots _h to pay #fjj %ekels ea* = !m4 ,solomon 9 8 que/ = luxury seems to h be5 ! fir/ man to build a m elaborate c> ?an satisfi$ 8 contempor>ies4 ,"o to be us$ on /ate occasions 0 built ( c$> wood & _h 8pill>s ( gold40 ,probably x 0 "s =m ( litt]4 ,! numb] ( private c>s 0 increas+ enorm\sly 9 all ^! ,ea/]n cities4 ,! prophet ,nahum 9 lam5t+ ! future woes ( ,n9eveh speaks ( 8! noise ( ! :ip1 & ! noise ( ! rattl+ ( ! :eels1 & ( ! pranc+ horses1 & ( ! jump+ *>iots10 :i* w no long] be> witness to ! city's prosp]ity4 ,! abs5ce ( wide roads1 h[ev]1 militat$ aga9/ great *anges ( =m 9 ! c>riages1 :i* ma9ta9$ _! simple %ape until _m c5turies lat]4 ,! w>-*>iot 7 or 7 ( ! e>ly ,greeks 0 curv$ 9 front1 & l(ti] ?an t ( ! ,egyptians4 ,! entrance 0 at ! back4 ,x 0 nev] cov]$1 b frequ5tly bore a curi\s basket-l arrangem5t1 ! 1 ^u or 9 :i* two p c\ld sit4 ,! 1 or rim1 9 mo/ cases ran r\nd ! ?ree sides ( ! body1 b occasionally !re 0 only a curv$ b>ri] 9 front4 ,! body itself 0 (t5 /r5g!n$ by a trellis-"w ( /rips ( light wood or metal4 ,! b>ri] 0 ( v>y+ height2 9 "s *>iots x did n rea* above ! driv]'s knee2 9 o!rs x came up to 8 wai/1 b 9 w>-*>iots nev] high] ?an t4 ,! axle 0 ( oak1 a%1 elm1 or ev5 ( iron1 & preci\s metals1 accord+ to ! leg5d1 7 us$ = ! *>iots ( ! gods4 ,s ( ,juno's c> we read3-- 8,! :irl+ :eels are to ! *>iot hung4 ,on ! bright axle turns ! bidd5 :eel ,( s\nd+ brass3 ! poli%'d axle /eel4 ,eight braz5 spokes 9 radiant ord] flame2 ,! circles gold1 ( uncorrupt$ frame1 ,su* z ! heav5s produce2 & r\nd ! gold ,two braz5 r+s ( "w div9e 7 roll'd4 ,! bossy naves ( solid silv] %one2 ,braces ( gold susp5d ! mov+ ?rone40 ,! la/ l9e sugge/s an innovation :i* 0 c]ta9ly n foll[$ = "s consid]able "t4 ,! *>iot 9 g5]al 0 ab\t sev5 feet long1 & c\ld be lift$ by a /rong man l ,diom$4 ,inde$1 x c\ld be driv5 ov] ! bodies ( dead w>riors4 ,! pole slop$ %>ply upw>ds1 & sometimes end$ 9 ! head ( a bird or animal4 ,x em]g$ ei!r f ! floor ( ! c> or f ! axle4 ,t[>ds its end ! yoke = ! horses 0 fa/5$ ab\t a p9 fix$ into x4 ,?\gh ! ,lydians us$ *>iots ) two or ev5 ?ree poles1 ! ,greeks nev] _h m ?an "o2 & z ) ! ,egyptians1 !re 7 no traces4 ,if ! pole broke1 ! horses mu/ h da%$ away ) "p ( x1 leav+ ! *>iot at a /&/ill4 ,occasionally1 too1 a ?ird horse 0 us$1 ^u :i* sat a po/ilion4 ,at a lat] p]iod sev]al ,grecian c>riages 7 9 common use1 ?\gh n 9 w>f>e4 ,repres5tations ( su* c>s are to be f\nd on ! ,elg9 ,m>bles4 ,&1 z 0 ! case a doz5 or m c5turies aft]w>ds1 ! c>riage became ! outw>d sign ( luxury4 ,x inv>iably appe>$ 9 ! /ate processions1 & 0 made ! receptacle = ! mo/ gorge\s ornam5tation4 ,gold1 ebony1 copp]1 ivory1 & :ite lead 7 all us$ = ?is purpose1 :ile ! int]iors ( ! c>s 7 made com=table ) s(t cu%ions & f9e tape/ries4 ,!y appe>$1 too1 9 great numb]s at ! fam\s *>iot races1 at :i* f\r or m horses 7 driv5 abrea/4 ,(t5 ! same man 0 ri* en\gh to possess m ?an "o c>riage4 ,s we read ( ,x]xes *ang+ f 8 to 8 1 or /ate-c>riage1 at ! end ( a m>*4 ,besides ^!1 !re 7 also ! 1 a k9d ( family sociable1 ! 1 a waggon1 ! 1 & ! 1 or litt]4 ,! 0 a l>ge f\r-:eel$ waggon1 enclos$ by curta9s & provid$ ) a or ro(4 ,f\r or m horses 7 requir$ to draw x4 ,x 0 s l>ge t a p]son c\ld lie 9 x at full l5g?1 &1 inde$1 on _m occasions x act$ ! "p ( a he>se4 ,by f> ! mo/ extraord9>y he>se ev] built 0 a us$ to convey ! body ( ,alex&] ! ,great--himself ! possessor ( num]\s c>riages--f ,babylon to ,alex&ria4 8,x 0 prep>$10 says ,?rupp1 8dur+ two ye>s1 & 0 design$ by ! celebrat$ ar*itect & eng9e] ,hi]onymus4 ,x 0 #ah feet long & #ab feet wide1 on f\r massive :eels1 & drawn by sixty-f\r mules1 eight abrea/4 ,! c> 0 compos$ ( a plat=m ) a l(ty ro( support$ by eighte5 columns1 & 0 pr(usely adorn$ ) drap]y & gold & jewels2 r\nd ! edge ( ! ro( 0 a r[ ( gold5 bells2 9 ! c5tre 0 a ?rone1 & be=e x ! c(f92 ar\nd 7 plac$ ! weapons ( w> & ! arms t ,alex&] _h us$40 ,! 0 also l>gely us$ by ! ladies ( ,greece1 :o :5 !y drove =? 7 c>eful to see t ! curta9s completely enclos$ !m4 ,! 1 also a f\r-:eel$ waggon1 0 probably simil> to ! 1 ?\gh built ^u a less impos+ scale4 ,! 0 a /ill light] c>riage4 ,x is describ$ by ,h]odotus1 & seems to h be5 a cov]$ vehicle surr\nd$ by silk5 curta9s :i* c\ld be pull$ back :5 requir$4 ,its int]ior 0 g5]ally furni%$ ) cu%ions ( goat lea!r4 ,two :eels 7 m frequ5t1 b f\r 7 sometimes f\nd4 ,x 0 said t ,timoleon1 an old bl9d man1 drove ^u "o occasion into ! s5ate h\se & deliv]$ a spee* f 8 4 ,9 "s cases a two-:eel$ c>riage ( ?is k9d 0 n furni%$ ) curta9s1 b enclos$ 9 an oval-%ap$ cov]+ ( basket-"w4 ,hesiod object$ to su* a conveyance because ( its inability to keep out ! du/4 ,little is kn[n ( ! 1 b x 0 a ,laconian c> made ( wood1 ) an ar*$1 plait$ cov]+1 us$ *iefly by wom54 ,d\btless x 0 little diff]5t f ! 4 ,com+ to ! ,romans1 we f9d a f> great] v>iety ( vehicles1 ?\gh ! descriptions t h come d[n are meagre & n p>ticul>ly di/9ctive4 ,t ! ,romans e>ly realis$ ! enorm\s importance1 bo? milit>y & o!rwise1 ( c>riages1 is %[n by _! amaz+ roads4 ,su* roads _h nev] be=e be5 con/ruct$4 ,!y 71 says ,gibbon1 8accurately divid$ by mile/ones1 & ran 9 a direct l9e f "o city to ano!r1 ) v little respect = ! ob/acles1 ei!r ( nature or private prop]ty4 ,m\nta9s 7 p]=at$1 & bold ar*es ?r[n ov] ! broade/ & mo/ rapid /reams4 ,! middle "p ( ! road 0 rais$ into a t]race1 :i* comm&$ ! adjac5t c\ntry1 consi/$ ( sev]al lay]s ( s&1 gravel1 & cem5t1 & 0 pav$ ) l>ge /ones1 or1 9 "s places ne> ! capital1 ) granite40 ,probably ! mo/ fam\s ( ^! roads 0 ! ,appian ,way1 connect+ ,rome ) ,capua4 ,x 0 wide en\gh1 accord+ to ,procopius1 :o m>*$ along x 9 ! six? c5tury1 = two *>iots to pass "o ano!r )\t inconv5i5ce or delay1 a matt] c]ta9ly n possible1 = in/ance1 9 mo/ ( ! ,ea/]n cities at t "t4 ,& s1 ) ! f9e/ eng9e]s ! _w _h se5 l9k+ up v>i\s cities1 cross-c\ntry travell+ 9 a c>riage1 f be+ well-nigh impossible1 became comp>atively easy4 ,gibbon m5tions 9 ?is connection ! surpris+ feat ( "o ,cs>ius1 :o j\rney$ f ,antio* to ,con/ant9ople1 a di/ance ( #ffe miles1 9 six days4 ,! ,roman w>-*>iot1 or currus1 0 practically ! same z ! ,greek 1 ?\gh c]ta9 modifications 7 introduc$4 ,m ?an two horses 7 driv51 & f _! numb] came sev]al words1 su* z sejugis1 octojugis1 & decemjugis1 :i* suffici5tly expla9 !mselves4 ,x appe>s1 moreov]1 t ! currus 0 occasionally driv5 by f\r horses )\t ei!r pole or yoke1 & x has be5 sugge/$ t 9 su* a case ! driv] probably /opp$ ! c> by be>+ all 8 weight on to ! back ( ! body1 s t its floor w\ld t\* ! gr\nd1 ?us =m+ a primitive brake4 ,besides ! currus1 & ev5 be=e _! m>vell\s roads _h be5 laid d[n1 ! ,romans possess$ o!r c>s4 ,! e>lie/ ( ^! seems to h be5 a long1 cov]$1 f\r-:eel$ waggon1 call$ arc]a1 :i* 0 ma9ly us$ to c>ry infirm or v old p4 ,9 ?is ! driv] sat on a seat 9 front ( ! body1 & drove two horses abrea/4 ,?\gh ! mo/ anci5t ( ! ,roman c>riages1 ! arc]a1 z se5 on monum5ts1 has a v mod]n appe>ance4 ,9 m luxuri\s times ! lectica1 a l>ge litt]1 seems to h l$ to its gradual ext9ction4 ,! ess$um1 at "o "t v popul> 9 ,italy1 0 br\ght 9 ! fir/ place to ,rome by ,julius ,cs>4 ,x 0 ! w>-*>iot ( ! ,britons1 & 0 entirely unlike ! ,roman or ,egyptian c>s4 ,! :eels 7 mu* l>g]1 ! entrance 0 9 front & n at ! back1 !re 0 a seat1 & ! pole1 in/ead ( runn+ up to ! horses' necks1 rema9$ horizontal1 & 0 s wide t ! driv] c\ld /ep along x4 ,! ,briti% *>iote]s c\ld drive _! c>s at a v great rate1 & 7 exce$+ly agile on ! flat pole1 f ! extremity ( :i* !y ?rew _! missiles4 ,! c>s 7 purposely made z noisy z possible to /rike dismay into ! enemy's l9es4 ,at times ! :eels 7 furni%$ ) scy!s1 :i* project$ f ! axle-tree ends1 & help$ to maim ^? un=tunate en\gh to be run d[n4#i ,cic]o1 he>+ good op9ions ( x1 bes\ght a fri5d to br+ him a good patt]n f ,brita91 & took occasion to add t ! *>iot 0 ! only pleas+ ?+ :i* t b5ight$ c\ntry produc$4 ,! ess$um spe$ily became popul> 9 ,rome1 ?\gh n z an eng9e ( w>4 ,decorat$ & con/ruct$ ( f9e mat]ials1 x 0 ! fa%ionable pleasure c>riage4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 h[ev]1 ! seat :i* _h be5 s conspicu\s a feature ( ! *>iot 9 its native place 0 n us$ 9 ,rome4 ,! own] drove ! ess$um himself1 & yok$ two horses to ! pole4 ,!re 0 "s opposition to its use on ! gr\nds ( undue luxury1 & a tribune :o rode abroad 9 "o 0 on t acc\nt consid]$ effem9ate4 ,s5eca put ! ess$a deaurata among/ ?+s qu matron>um usibus necess>ia s9t4 ,emp]ors & g5]als us$ !m z travell+ c>riages1 & !y 7 to be hir$ at regul> po/+-/ations4 ,a some:at simil> c>riage1 ! cov9us1 0 also 9 use 9 v>i\s c\ntries at ?is date4 ,?is 0 cov]$ 9 except 9 front2 l ! ess$um1 x _h no seat = ! driv]1 & 9 times ( w> x seems to h _h scy!s atta*$ to ! axle 9 ! ,briti% fa%ion4 ,little1 h[ev]1 is kn[n ( x1 & x may be dismiss$ "h ) a m]e m5tion ( its exi/5ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,cisium ,! ,primitive ,gig 7,f a ,roman ,inscription7 ,illu/ration3 ,agripp9a's ,c>p5tum 7,f a ,roman ,co97 ,! ess$um is ( p>ticul> importance insomu* z x may be consid]$ to be ! prototype ( all ! vehicles ( ! curricle or gig type4 ,! fir/ ( ^! 9 use among/ ! ,romans 0 ! cisium1 ^: =m is well %[n on a monum5tal column ne> ,treves4 ,x 0 surpris+ly l ! ord9>y gig ( mod]n times4 ,! body at fir/ 0 fix$ to ! frames1 b aft]w>ds seems to h be5 susp5d$ by r\gh traces or /raps4 ,! entrance 0 9 front1 !re 0 a seat = two1 & und]nea? ?is a l>ge box or case4 ,mules 7 g5]ally us$ to draw x1 "o1 a pair1 or1 accord+ to ,ausonius1 ?ree--9 :i* case a po/ilion sat on ! ?ird horse4 ,!y 7 built prim>ily = spe$1 & 7 9 common use ?r\gh\t ,italy & ,gaul1 ?\gh ! ladies1 unwill+ to be se5 9 an uncov]$ c>riage1 drove 9 o!r conveyances4 ,! cisium on ! :ole mu/ h be5 com=table & light4 ,s5eca admits t y c\ld write a lett] easily :ile driv+ 9 "o4 ,& 9 due c\rse ! new c>riage became s popul> t x c\ld be hir$1 & ! cisi>ii1 or hackney coa*m51 c\ld be p5alis$ = c>eless driv+4 ,inde$1 s v mod]n 7 ! ,roman ideas ^u ! "q ( travel1 t !re 7 c]ta9 places at :i* ! cisium 0 always to be f\nd--a k9d ( primitive cab-rank4 ,com+ to ! l>g] waggons & c>riages1 !re 7 ! s>racum1 ! plau/rum1 ! c>p5tum1 ! pil5tum1 ! b5na1 ! r$a1 ! c>ruca1 ! pegma--a huge :eel$ app>atus us$ = rais+ great weights1 p>ticul>ly 9 !atrical displays--& a mule-drawn litt]1 ! ba/]na4 ,( ^! ! s>racum 0 a common c>t us$ by ! c\ntry folk = convey+ produce4 ,x _h ei!r two or f\r :eels1 & 0 occasionally us$ by pass5g]s1 ?\gh1 z ,cic]o obs]v$1 z a conveyance ! s>racum 0 v vulg>4 ,x 0 n conf9$ to ,italy1 b 0 common en\gh among/ ^? b>b>ic tribes aga9/ :om ,rome 0 s (t5 victori\s4 ,x 0 9 s>raca1 moreov]1 t ! bodies 7 remov$ f ,rome 9 times ( plague4 ,r light] ?an ?is c>riage1 ?\gh heavy en\gh to our mod]n ideas1 0 ! plau/rum1#aj an anci5t two or f\r-:eel$ waggon ( rude con/ruction4 ,?is 01 9 its primitive =m1 j a b>e plat=m ) a l>ge pole project+ f ! axle2 !re 7 no support+ ribs at all1 & ! load 0 simply plac$ on ! plat=m4 ,upright bo>ds1 or op5work rails1 h[ev]1 7 us$ to make sides1 & at a lat] p]iod a l>ge basket 0 fa/5$ on to ! plat=m by /\t ?ongs4 ,! :eels ( ! plau/rum 7 ord9>ily solid1 ( a k9d call$ tympana1 or drums1 & 7 ne>ly a foot ?ick4 ,su* a c>t 0 b a sl[ vehicle1 & c\ld turn only ) great difficulty4 ,x 0 drawn by ox5 or mules1 & l ! s>racum 0 also us$ to c>ry pass5g]s4#aa ,illu/ration3 ,pil5tum ,! ,/ate ,c>riage ( ! ,romans ,illu/ration3 ,b5na ,! c>p5tum1 ?\gh two-:eel$1 bore resemblance to ! ,greek 4 ,x _h an ar*$ cov]+4 ,x 0 9 use dur+ v e>ly times at ,rome1 ?\gh only di/+ui%$ citiz5s 7 privileg$ to ride 9 x4 ,! currus arcuatus1 giv5 by ,numa to ! ,flam9es1 0 no d\bt a =m ( c>p5tum1 :i* 0 also ! travell+ c>riage ( ! eld] ,t>qu94 ,x seems to h be5 evolv$ f ! plau/rum1 be+ orig9ally little m ?an a cov]$ c>t2 b 9 ! days ( ! ,empire x became mo/ luxuri\s1 & 0 n only furni%$ ) curta9s ( ! ri*e/ silk1 b seems to h _h solid panell+s & sculptures atta*$ to ! body4 ,agripp9a's c>p5tum1 = in/ance1 _h f9e pa9t+s on its panels1 & its ro( 0 support$ by figures at ! f\r corn]s4 ,l ! 1 x 0 also us$ z a he>se4 ,two mules 7 requir$ to draw x4 ,! pil5tum 0 a c>riage ( a m (ficial "*4 ,x may be call$ ! /ate coa* ( ! ,romans--a f\r-:eel$ becu%ion$ c> ) a ro( support$ by pill>s1 b1 unlike ! c>p5tum1 op5 at ! sides4 ,x 0 always consid]$ to be ! mo/ com=table ( ! ,roman c>riages1 & may inde$ h be5 hung ^u 8sw+-poles0 betwe5 ! :eels4 ,! social diff]5ce betwe5 ! pil5tum & ! c>p5tum may be d$uc$ f "o ( ! _m c>riage laws pass$ by ! ,s5ate4 ,! ,roman matrons 7 all[$ to drive 9 ! c>p5tum on all occasions1 b might use ! pil5tum only at ! games or public fe/ivals4 ,su* 8sumptu>y laws0 7 con/antly be+ pass$1 & a special vote 0 ev5 requir$ to enable ! "m ( ,n]o to drive 9 h] c>riage 9 ! city itself4 ,x 0 n until ! f\r? c5tury ,a4,d4 t all su* re/rictions 7 bani%$4 ,pl9y m5tions ano!r c>riage ( imp]ial ,rome--! c>ruca1 :i* _h f\r :eels & 0 us$ equally 9 ! city & = long j\rneys4 ,n]o travell$ ) great numb]s ( !m--on "o occasion ) no less ?an ?ree ?\s&4 ,9 ,rome itself ! fa%ionable citiz5 drove =? 9 a c>ruca t 0 cov]$ ) plates ( bronze1 silv]1 or ev5 gold4 ,enorm\s sums 7 sp5t ^u _! decoration4 ,pa9t]s1 sculptors1 & embroid]]s 7 employ$4 ,m>tial speaks ( an aurea c>ruca co/+ z mu* z a l>ge f>m4 ,! c>ruca1 inde$1 may be said to correspond ) ! phaeton1 :i* 0 s fa%ionable 9 ,engl& t[>ds ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,z ) ! phaeton1 s ) ! c>ruca--! high] x 0 built ! bett] pleas$ 0 its own]4 ,v>i\s k9ds ( c>ruca exi/$4 ,! c>ruc arg5tat 7 ^? grant$ by ,alex&] ,sev]us to ! s5ators4 ,!re is also m5tion ( a c>ruca dome/oria4 ,un=tunately1 h[ev]1 no contempor>y repres5tation ( a c>riage c def9itely be said to be a c>ruca4 ,little en\gh1 moreov]1 is kn[n ( ! two o!r waggons1 ! r$a & ! b5na4 ,! r$a 0 a l>ge f\r-:eel$ waggon us$ ma9ly to convey agricultural produce4 ,x seems to h be5 br\ght into ,italy f ,walla*ia4 ,! b5na 0 a c>t ^: body 0 =m$ entirely ( basket-"w4 ,!re is a draw+ ( x on ! column ( ,anton9us at ,rome4 ,a simil> vehicle p]si/s to ?is day 9 ,italy1 ,s\? ,g]many1 & ,belgium1 & be>s a simil> "n4 ,"u ! ,empire1 !n1 c>riage-build+ fl\ri%$1 p>ticul>ly aft] ,alex&] ,sev]us _h put an end to all ! old] re/rictions4 ,v>i\s =ms ( c>riages 7 to be se5 on ! roads1 & !re 01 z ,i h h9t$1 ev5 an attempt at a spr+4 ,"o ( ! c>riages ( ?is p]iod is def9itely describ$ z 8borne on long poles1 fix$ to ! axles40 8,n[ a c]ta9 am\nt ( spr+10 says ,?rupp1 8c be obta9$ f ! c5tre ( a long1 light pole4 ,! ,neapolitan ,calesse1 ! ,norwegian ,c>riole1 & ! ,y>m\? ,c>t 7 all made ) a view to obta9+ ease by susp5sion on poles betwe5 be>+s plac$ f> ap>t4 ,9 ^! ! seat is plac$ midway betwe5 ! two :eels & ! horse1 on v long %afts1 :i* are !re made into wood5 spr+s40 ,& 9 ! old ,roman c>riages1 he goes on to say1 8! weight 0 c>ri$ betwe5 ! front & h9d axles1 on long poles or wood5 spr+s4 ,! und]c>riage ( ! lat] f\r-:eel$ vehicles us$ by ! ,romans 01 9 all probability1 ! same z is 9 use at ! pres5t day1 bo? 9 ?is c\ntry & on ! ,cont95t1 & inde$ 9 ,am]ica1 = ! "u-c>riages ( agricultural waggons40 ,ev5 ) su* spl5did roads z ! ,romans possess$1 h[ev]1 ! /reets ( _! t[ns d n seem to h be5 v wide1 & ?is mu/ be "o ( ! reasons = ! e>ly appe>ance ( ano!r k9d ( conveyance1 ! litt]1 :i*1 dur+ ! d>k ages1 0 practically ! only c>riage to be us$4 ,^! litt]s came f ! ,ea/4 ,! ,babylonians 9 p>ticul> pref]r$ to be c>ri$ ab\t 9 a *air or c\* r ?an to be jolt$ 9 a c>riage4 ,eric?onius1 a lame man1 is suppos$ to h introduc$ !m into ,a!ns1 :]e !y 7 kn[n z or 4 ,spe$ily !y became popul>1 especially ) ! wom54 ,magnific5tly decorat$1 ! 0 con/antly c>ri$ along ! n>r[ /reets1 & on be+ br\ght ov] to ,rome prov$ no less agreeable to ! ,romans4 ,! lectica1 or1 z x 0 call$ at a lat] p]iod1 ! sella1 may 9 ! fir/ in/ance h be5 us$ to c>ry ! sick1 b 9 a %ort "t became a common =m ( conveyance4 ,?is palanqu9 _h an ar*$ ro( ( lea!r /ret*$ ov] f\r po/s4 ,! sides 7 cov]$ by curta9s1 ?\gh at a lat] p]iod x w\ld seem t crude w9d[s ( talc 7 us$4 ,! int]ior 0 furni%$ ) pill[s1 & :5 /&+ ! litt] re/$ ^u f\r feet4 ,two slaves bore x by means ( long poles loosely atta*$4 ,9 ,m>tial's "t ^! lectic>ii wore r$ liv]ies1 & 7 sometimes prec$$ by a ?ird slave to make way4 ,julius ,cs> re/rict$ _! numb]s1 & 9 ! reign ( ,claudius p]mission to use !m 0 grant$ only z a p>ticul> m>k ( ! royal fav\r4 ,sev]al v>ieties ( litt] appe>$4 ,! sella portatoria or ge/atoria 0 a small s$an *air4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 7 con/ruct$ to hold two4 ,! ca!dra1 :i* 0 probably id5tical ) ! sella muliebris m5tion$ by ,suetonius1 0 mo/ly us$ by wom54 ,! ba/]na 0 a mu* l>g] litt]1 also us$ by wom5 "u ! ,empire1 :i* 0 c>ri$ by two mules4 ,9 ?is c>riage ! sides might be op5$ or clos$1 & ! :ole body 0 frequ5tly gild$4 ,a few o!r primitive c>riages "h call = m5tion4 ,! ,dacians1 :o inhabit$ p>ts ( :at is n[ ,hung>y1 us$ squ>e vehicles ) f\r :eels1 9 :i* ! six spokes wid5$ t[>ds ! rims4 ,! ,scy?ians us$ a peculi> two-:eel$ c>t consi/+ ( a plat=m on :i* 0 plac$ a conical cov]+1 resembl+ 9 %ape a beehive1 & made ( a basket-"w ( hazelwood1 ov] :i* 7 /ret*$ ! sk9s ( bea/s or a ?at*+ ( re$s4 ,:5 camp+ out ^! p w\ld lift ?is cov]+ bodily f ! c>t & use x z a t5t4 ,mu* ! same cu/om 0 foll[$ by ! w&]+ ,t>t>s4 8,_! huts or t5ts10 says ,m>co ,polo1 8are =m$ ( rods cov]$ ) felt1 & be+ exactly r\nd & nicely put toge!r1 !y c ga!r !m into "o bundle1 & make !m up z packages1 :i* !y c>ry along ) !m 9 _! migrations1 ^u a sort ( c> ) f\r :eels40 8,besides ^! c>s10 he cont9ues1 8!y h a sup]ior k9d ( vehicle ^u two :eels1 cov]$ likewise ) black felt1 & s effectually z to protect ^? )9 x f wet dur+ a :ole day ( ra94 ,^! are drawn by ox5 & camels1 & s]ve to convey _! wives & *ildr51 _! ut5sils1 & su* provisions z !y require40 ,! same travell] describ$ ! c>riages ( ,s\!rn ,*9a4 ,speak+ ( ,k9-sai1 !n ! capital1 he says1 8,! ma9 /reet ( ! city 444 is pav$ ) /one & brick to ! wid? ( t5 paces on ea* side1 ! int]m$iate "p be+ fill$ up ) small gravel1 & provid$ ) ar*$ dra9s = c>ry+ (f ! ra9-wat] t falls into ! neighb\r+ canals1 s t x rema9s always dry4 ,on ?is gravel x is t ! c>riages are cont9ually pass+ & re-pass+4 ,!y are ( a long %ape1 cov]$ at top1 hav+ curta9s & cu%ions ( silk1 & are capable ( hold+ six p]sons4 ,bo? m5 & wom5 :o feel dispos$ to take _! pleasure are 9 ! daily practice ( hir+ !m = t purpose1 & accord+ly at e h\r y may see va/ numb]s ( !m driv5 along ! middle "p ( ! /reet40 ,to ?is day su* c>riages z are "h describ$ c be _h = hire 9 ,*9a1 ?\gh 9 g5]al !y are ( a small] size4 ,9 "s respects !y resembl$ :at is call$ 9 ?is c\ntry a tilt$ c>t4 ,! ,p]sians us$ l>ge *>iots 9 :i* 0 built a k9d ( turret f ^: int]ior ! w>riors c\ld at once ?r[ _! spe>s & obta9 protection4 ,"o1 tak5 f an anci5t co91 is ?us describ$ by ,sir ,rob]t ,k] ,port] 9 8 ,travels 9 ,georgia1 ,p]sia1 & ,anci5t ,babylon 7#ahba73-- 0 444 a l>ge *>iot1 :i* is drawn by a magnific5t pair ( horses2 "o ( ! m51 9 ampl] g>m5ts ?an 8 compe]s1 & b>ehead$1 holds ! bridle ( ! horses 444 :i* are )\t trapp+s1 b ! details ( _! bits & ! mann] ( re9+ !m are execut$ ) ! utmo/ c>e4 ,! pole ( ! c> is se5 pass+ beh9d ! horses1 project+ f ! c5tre ( ! c>riage1 :i* is 9 a cyl9drical %ape1 elevat$ r above ! l9e ( ! animals' heads4 ,! :eel ( ! c> is extremely light & ta/efully put toge!r40 ,"h1 too1 x is to be notic$ t ! driv] is %[n ) 8 arms ov] ! backs ( ! animals4 ,9 ano!r *>iot1 :i* mo/ probably 0 ,p]sian1 ! body seems to be made ( a 8light wood1 z ( int]lac$ canes4 ,simil> *>iots are se5 9 ! ,assyrian bas-reliefs & o!rs1 some:at resembl+ ?is1 on ,etruscan & ,grecian pa9t$ vases4 ,a *>iot ?us con/itut$ mu/ h be5 ( extreme rapidity & ( sc>cely any weight40#ab ,! ,p]sians also _h an idol-c>1 :i* 0 a k9d ( mov+ plat=m1 & _! *>iots 7 at "o p]iod arm$ ) scy!s4 ,^! scy!s1 g5]ally consid]$ to be ! inv5tion ( ,cyrus1 d n seem to h hung f ! axle-ends1 z 0 ! case 9 ,brita91 b f ! body itself1 89 ord]10 ?9ks ,g9zrot1 :o wrote on ^! e>ly c>riages1 8to all[ ! :eels to turn unob/ruct$4 ,9 ?is way10 he says1 8! scy!s _h a firm hold1 & c\ld inflict m damage ?an if !y _h be5 appli$ to ! :eels or felloes & revolv$ ) !m4 ,ne>ly all writ]s treat+ on ?is subject are ( ?is op9ion1 & ,curtius says3 ,alias de9de falces summis rot>um orbibus hrebant !nce curv+ d[nw>ds4 ,! scy!s c\ld easily h be5 atta*$ to ! body 444 &1 not)/&+1 x might be said !y ext5d$ ov] ! felloe1 = ,curtius said1 n t ! scy!s revolv$ ) ! :eels1 b hrebant40#ac ,e>ly ,indian c>riages 7 probably n v diff]5t f "s ( ^? n[ 9 use among/ ! natives4 ,! common gh>ry is c]ta9ly built aft] a primitive model4 ,9 ?is !re are two :eels1 8a high axle-tree b$1 & a long plat=m1 frequ5tly made ( two bamboos1 :i* jo9 9 front & =m ! pole1 to :i* two ox5 are yok$40 ,9 ,arabia !re 0 ! araba1 a primitive lattic$ c>riage = wom51 :i* possess$ 8w+-gu>ds0--pieces ( wood %ap$ to ! top ( ! :eels & project+ ov] !m--a feature also to be f\nd 9 ! e>ly ,p]sian c>s4 ,tak+ ^! e>ly c>riages z a :ole "o may be incl9$ to feel surprise at ! v>ieties display$1 yet !re 7 n aft] all v great diff]5ces betwe5 !m4 ,!y 7 two-or f\r-:eel$ contrivances ) a long pole 9 front1 & x is only 9 m]e size & decoration t discrim9ation c prop]ly be made4 8,! ,egyptians10 says ,?rupp1 8) all _! le>n+ & skill1 appe> to h made no *ange dur+ ! c5turies ( exp]i5ce2 z at ! beg9n+1 s at ! end1 ! k+s /& by ! side ( _! *>iote]s1 or hold ! re9s !mselves4 ,! ,p]sians & ,h9doos introduc$ luxuri\s improvem5ts1 & 9 l(ty vehicles elevat$ ! nobles above ! heads ( ! p1 & seclud$ _! wom5 9 curta9$ c>riages4 ,! ,greeks introduc$ no new vehicles1 b p]fect$ s successfully ! useful waggon1 t _! model is /ill se5 ?r\gh\t ,europe1 )\t *ange ( pr9ciple or /ructure4 ,! ,romans1 on ! o!r h&1 9 _! c>e] ( conque/1 ga!r$ f e nation :at 0 good1 &1 :]ev] possible1 improv$ ^u x40 ,aft] ! fall ( ! ,roman ,empire1 h[ev]1 !re 0 little fur!r progress = sev]al c5turies4 ,9 ! g5]al retrogression1 :i*1 rightly or wrongly1 "o associates ) ^? d>k ages1 ! :eel$ c>riage1 9 common ) a multitude ( o!r adjuncts to civilisation1 0 to suff]4 ,*apt] ! ,second ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,litt]s 8,!re is a litt]2 lay him 9 't & drive t[>d ,dov]1 fri5d60 ,k+ ,le>4 ,z roadmak]s1 ! ,romans1 if !y c be said to h _h successors at all1 7 succe$$ by ! monks4 ,on ! assumption t travell]s 7 un=tunate p1 z inde$ !y 71 ne$+ help1 religi\s ,ord]s 7 f\nd$ ^: *ief "w 0 t ( build+ bridges & repair+ ! roads4 ,o!r ,ord]s likewise p]=m$ su* tasks1 ?\gh possibly = m selfi% reasons1 be+ z !y 7 l>ge own]s ( cattle1 & imm]s$ z mu* 9 agricultural z 9 !ological occupations4 ,s 9 _m p>ts ( ,europe ! ,pontife ,bro!rs1 or bridge-mak]s1 7 to be f\nd4 ,!re 7 also ,gilds =m$ to repair ! roads1 su* z ! ,gild ( ! ,holy ,cross 9 ,birm+ham1 f\nd$ 9 ! reign ( ,ri*>d ,,ii1 :i* 8ma9teign$ 444 & kept 9 good rep>aci\ns ! greate /one bridges1 & div]s f\le & dang]\s high wayes1 ! *>ge :]e( ! t[ne ( hitsellfe ys n hable to ma9teigne40 ,9 ,pi]s ! ,pl[man1 too1 ! ri* m]*ants are exhort$ to repair ! 8wikk$ wayes0 & see t ! 8brygges to-broke by ! heye weyes0 may be m5d$ 89 som man]e wise40 ,! ma9t5ance ( ! roads 9 ,engl&1 says ,m4 ,juss]&1#ad 8greatly dep5d$ ^u arbitr>y *ance1 ^u opportunity1 or on ! goodwill or ! devotion ( ^? to :om ! adjo9+ l& belong$4 ,9 ! case ( ! roads1 z ( bridges1 we f9d petitions ( private p]sons :o pray t a tax be levi$ ^u ^? :o pass along1 t[>ds ! repair ( ! road40 ,s 9 #abhi1 ,walt] ,godelak ( ,wal+=d is pray+ = 8! e/abli%m5t ( a cu/om to be collect$ f e c>t ( m]*&ize trav]s+ ! road betwe5 ,j[em>% & ,new5ham1 on acc\nt ( ! dep?1 & = ! repair1 ( ! said way40 ,un=tunately = him--& d\btless he 0 no exception to ! rule--! reply came3 8,! ,k+ w d no?+ !re940 ,inde$ ! roads 7 9 a truly abom9able condition4 ,z (t5 z n1 deep ruts m>r$ :at surface !re _h ev] be51 & "h & !re brooks & pools r5d]$ easy passage an impossibility4 ,!re is a pat5t ( ,edw>d ,,iii 7,nov4 #bj1 #acec7 :i* ord]$ 8! pav+ ( ! high road1 alta via1 runn+ f ,temple ,b>0--!n ! we/]n limit ( ,london--8to ,we/m9/]40 8,?is road10 says ,m4 ,juss]&1 8_h be5 pav$1 b ! ,k+ expla9s t x is #8s full ( holes & bogs 444 & t ! pavem5t is s damag$ & brok5' t ! traffic has become v dang]\s = m5 & c>riages4 ,9 consequ5ce1 he ord]s ea* proprietor on bo? sides ( ! road to remake1 at 8 own exp5se1 a footway ( sev5 feet up to ! dit*1 usque canellum10 & see to x t ! middle ( ! road is well pav$4 ,9 ,france matt]s 7 j z bad4 8,outside ! t[n ( ,p>is10 runs "o f\rte5?-c5tury ord9ance1 89 sev]al p>ts ( ! suburbs 444 !re are _m notable & anci5t high-roads1 bridges1 lanes1 & roads1 :i* are mu* injur$1 damag$ or decay$ & o!rwise h9d]$ by rav9es ( wat] & great /ones1 by h$ges1 brambles1 & _m o!r trees :i* h gr[n !re1 & by _m o!r h9drances :i* h happ5$ !re1 because !y h n be5 ma9ta9$ & provid$ = 9 "t pa/2 & !y are 9 su* a bad /ate t !y _c be securely trav]s$ on foot or horseback1 nor by vehicles1 )\t great p]ils & inconv5i5ces2 & "s ( !m are ab&on$ at all p>ts because m5 _c resort !re40 ,:]e=e x 0 propos$ t ! inhabitants %\ld be compell$1 by =ce if necess>y1 to att5d to ! matt]4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 ! wret*$ /ate into :i* ! roads 7 be+ all[$ to fall _h a great deal to d ) ! almo/ total1 ?\gh inde$ tempor>y1 ext9ction ( ! :eel$ pleasure c>riage 9 we/]n ,europe1 !re is ano!r fact :i* mu/ be tak5 into consid]ation 9 any endeav\r to acc\nt = x4 ,z w appe> 9 a little1 ! r5aissance ( c>riage-build+ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury 0 = a "t ret>d$ 9 v>i\s places by a widespread feel+ ( di/ru/ aga9/ any?+ t c\ld be ?\ght to lead to an accusation ( effem9acy4 ,laws 7 pass$--z 0 ! case1 = in/ance1 9 #abid1 "u ,philip ! ,fair ( ,france--=bidd+ p to ride 9 coa*es1 & %>p comp>isons 7 drawn by ! satiri/s betwe5 ! h>dy horsem5 ( old & ! mod]n com=t-lov+ individuals :o loll$1 or 7 suppos$ to loll--?\gh h[ !y c\ld h done s 9 ^? spr+less mon/rosities is pa/ compreh5sion--9 _! gaudily decorat$ c>riages4 ,i w\ld n insi/ ^u ! po9t1 b x may be t 9 ! reaction aga9/ su* undue luxuries z _h help$ to br+ ru9 to ! ,roman ,empire1 c>riages = t reason became unpopul>4 ,f :i*1 ( c\rse1 x w\ld foll[ t ! disappe>ance ( ! c>riage l$1 9 "p at any rate1 to ! neglect ( ! roads1 & su* new roads z 7 made w\ld be laid d[n prim>ily = ! conv5i5ce only ( ! horsem54 ,! same ?+ appli$ also to ! litt]s1 ?\gh _! popul>ity naturally foll[$ m]ely ^u ! /ate ( ! roads4 ,be=e attempt+ to deal ) ^! litt]s1 x w be well to see :at is kn[n--x is n v mu*--( su* :eel$ c>riages z !re 7 at ?is "t1 & at ! outset x is necess>y to be> 9 m9d t ! old *ronicl]s us$ ! ^w c>riage 9 any?+ b its mod]n significance4 ,to !m a c>riage 0 no m ?an an agricultural or baggage c>t4 ,"t & aga9 y h acc\nts ( ?is or t great man mak+ 8 way1 peaceably or o!rwise1 ?r\gh "s c\ntry1 accompani$ by numb]s ( c>riages4 ,^! 7 simply 8 luggage c>ts1 & al?\gh1 z 9 e>li] times1 ! c>t1 gaily ornam5t$1 c\ld v easily be conv]t$ into a pleasure c>riage1 x is important to rememb] ! real mean+ ( ! ^w4 ,su* c>ts1 9 po9t ( fact1 7 extremely common4 ,9 ,engl& !y 7 g5]ally squ>e boxes made ( planks borne on two :eels4 ,o!rs1 ( a light] patt]n1 7 built ( 8slatts lattic$ ) a will[ trellis40 ,_! *ief peculi>ity 0 to be f\nd 9 _! :eels1 :i* 7 furni%$ ) extraord9>ily l>ge nails ) prom95t heads4 ,contempor>y manuscripts give r\gh pictures ( su* c>ts4 ,"o ( ^! is %[n drawn by ?ree dogs4 ,"o man squats inside1 a second helps to pu% x f beh9d4 ,a mo/ int]e/+ illu/ration 9 ! ,l\t]ell ,psalt]--a f\rte5?-c5tury manuscript--%[s a reap]'s c>t go+ uphill4 ,"h ! two huge1 six-spok$ :eels ) _! project+ nails are cle>ly %[n4 ,! plat=m ( ! c>t is /r5g!n$ by upright /akes ) a cross-rail connect+ !m at ! sides4 ,! driv]1 /&+ ov] ! :eels on ! poles1 is hold+ a long :ip :i* is flick+ ! lead] ( ?ree horses4 ,?ree o!r m5 are help+ at ! re>1 & ! /acks ( :eat are held 9 position by ropes4 ,! e>lie/ ,anglo-,saxon c>riage ( :i* !re is record belongs to ! twelf? c5tury4 ,/rutt ref]s to a draw+ 9 "o ( ! ,cottonian manuscripts1 :i* repres5ts a peculi> f\r-:eel$ contrivance ) two upright poles ris+ f ! axle-trees1 f :i* poles is slung a hammock4 ,su* a *>iot or *a] 0 app>5tly us$ by ! m di/+ui%$ ,anglo-,saxons :5 sett+ out ^u long j\rneys4 ,! draw+ %[s ! figure ( ,joseph on 8 way to meet ,jacob 9 ,egypt1 b is no d\bt a correct repres5tation ( a travell+ c>riage 9 ! arti/'s lifetime4 ,?is hammock is int]e/+ z be+ a primitive =m ( susp5sion1 :i* may or may n h l$ to ! lat] exp]im5ts 9 t direction4 ,illu/ration3 ,f\rte5? ,c5tury ,engli% ,c>riage 7,f ! ,l\t]ell ,psalt]7 ,illu/ration3 ,f\rte5? ,c5tury ,reap]'s ,c>t 7,f ! ,l\t]ell ,psalt]7 ,a mo/ luxuri\s ,engli% c>riage ( ! f\rte5? c5tury is %[n 9 ! ,l\t]ell ,psalt]4 ,?is 0 obvi\sly evolv$ f a f\r-:eel$ waggon4 ,five horses1 h>ness$ at l5g?1 drew x1 a po/ilion ) a %ort :ip rid+ on ! second1 & ano!r ) a long :ip on ! :eel]4 ,! tunnel-l body 0 highly ornam5t$1 & its front decorat$ ) c>v$ birds & m5's heads4 ,! frame ( ! body 0 cont9u$ 9 front z two poles1 & und]nea?1 hang+ by a r+ & look+ r ludicr\s1 is %[n a small trunk4 ,wom5 only appe> 9 ?is c>riage1 ! m5 rid+ beh9d x4 8,no?+10 rem>ks ,m4 ,juss]&1 8gives a bett] idea ( ! encumb]+1 awkw>d luxury :i* =m$ ! spl5d\r ( civil life dur+ ?is c5tury ?an ! /ructure ( ^! heavy ma*9es4 ,! be/ _h f\r :eels2 ?ree or f\r horses drew !m1 h>ness$ 9 a r[1 ! po/ilion be+ m\nt$ on "o1 arm$ ) a %ort-h&l$ :ip ( _m ?ongs2 solid beams re/$ on ! axles1 & above ?is framework rose an ar*way r\nd$ l a tunnel2 z a :ole1 ungraceful en\gh4 ,b ! details10 he goes on to say1 speak+ ( ! c>riage %[n 9 ! ,l\t]ell ,psalt]1 87 extremely elegant1 ! :eels 7 c>v$ & _! spokes exp&$ ne> ! hoop into ribs =m+ po9t$ ar*es2 ! beams 7 pa9t$ & gilt1 ! inside 0 hung ) ^? dazzl+ tape/ries1 ! glory ( ! age2 ! seats 7 furni%$ ) embroid]$ cu%ions2 a lady might /ret* out !re1 half sitt+1 half ly+2 pill[s 7 dispos$ 9 ! corn]s z if to invite sleep1 squ>e w9d[s pi]c$ ! sides & 7 hung ) curta9s4 ,?us travell$10 he cont9ues ) a t\* ( picturesqu5ess1 8! noble lady1 slim 9 =m1 tightly clad 9 a dress :i* outl9$ e curve ( ! body1 h] long1 sl5d] h&s c>ess+ ! fav\rite dog or bird4 ,! knight1 equally tight5$ 9 8 cote-h>die1 reg>d$ h] ) a complac5t eye1 &1 if he knew good mann]s1 op5$ 8 he>t to 8 dreamy companion 9 long phrases l ^? 9 ! romances4 ,! broad =ehead ( ! lady1 :o has p]haps coquetti%ly pluck$ (f h] eyebr[s & /ray hairs1 a process ab\t :i* satiri/s 7 indignant1 bright5s up at mom5ts1 & h] smile is l a ray ( sun%9e4 ,mean:ile ! axles groan1 ! horse-%oes--also heavily nail$--crun* ! gr\nd1 ! ma*9e advances by fits & />ts1 desc5ds into ! holl[s1 b\nds altoge!r at ! dit*es1 & falls viol5tly back ) a dull noise40 ,o!r gaily decorat$ c>riages1 surpris+ly l our mod]n vans1 ?\gh on two :eels1 are %[n 9 ,le ,roman du ,roy ,meliadus1 ano!r f\rte5?-c5tury manuscript pres]v$ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 b only ! ri*e/ & mo/ p[]ful ( ! nobles c\ld af=d to keep !m4 8,!y 7 bequea!d10 says ,m4 ,juss]&1 8by w f "o ano!r1 & ! gift 0 valuable4 ,on ,septemb] #be1 #acee1 ,elizabe? de ,burgh1 ,lady ,cl>e1 wrote h] la/ w & end[$ h] elde/ daught] ) #8h] great c>riage ) ! cov]ture1 c>pets1 & cu%ions4' ,9 ! tw5tie? ye> ( ,ri*>d ,,ii1 ,rog] ,r\l& receiv$ #djj /]l+ = a c>riage de/9$ = ,que5 ,isabella2 & ,john le ,*>]1 9 ! six? ye> ( ,edw>d ,,iii1 receiv$ #ajjj = ! c>riage ( ,lady ,eleanor--! ,k+'s si/]40 ,^! 7 fabul\s sums1 :5 x is rememb]$ t an ox co/ ab\t ?irte5 %ill+s & a %eep b "o %ill+ & five p5ce4 ,n[ x may be t su* a 8great c>riage0 z is %[n 9 ! ,l\t]ell ,psalt] 0 id5tical ) ! :irlicote 9 :i*1 accord+ to ,/[e1 ,ri*>d ,,ii & 8 "m took refuge on ! occasion ( ,wat ,tyl]'s rebellion4 8,( old "t10 says ?is hone/ tailor1 :o himself witness$ ! introduction ( coa*es into ,engl&1 8coa*es 7 n kn[n 9 ?is isl&1 b *>iots or :irlicotes1 !n s call$1 & !y only us$ ( pr9ces or great e/ates1 su* z _h _! footm5 ab\t !m2 & = example to note1 ,i read t ,ri*>d ,,ii1 be+ ?reat5$ by ! rebels ( ,k5t1 rode f ! ,t[] ( ,london to ! ,mile's ,end1 & ) him 8 "m1 because %e 0 sick & weak1 9 a :irlicote1 ! ,e>l ( ,buck+ham 444 knights & ,esquires att5d+ on horseback4 ,b 9 ! next ye> #acha ! said ,k+ ,ri*>d took to wife ,anne1 daught] to ! ,k+ ( ,bohemia1 t fir/ br\ght hi!r ! rid+ ^u side saddles2 & s 0 ! rid+ 9 :irlicotes & *>iots =sak51 except at coronations & su* l spectacles40 ,f ?is x w\ld appe> t ! :irlicote 7:i* may1 z ,bridges ,adams sugge/s1 h be5 d]iv$ f 8:irl+0 or mov+ 8cot0 or h\se7 0 id5tical ) ! *>iot or *a]4 ,un=tunately ! translators ( ,froiss>t1 :o m5tions ! incid5t ( ,ri*>d's ride f ! ,t[]1 _c agree ^u ! correct ^w to r5d] ! orig9al *>ette4 ,*>ette1 *>iette1 *>e1 *a] 7,wicliffe71 & *> 7,*auc]7 all occur 9 ! e>ly *ronicles1 & !re seems no means1 if1 inde$1 !re is any ne$1 ( diff]5tiat+ betwe5 !m4 ,all 7 probably waggons modifi$ = ! conveyance ( su* pass5g]s z c\ld af=d to pay highly = ! privilege4 ,"o fact1 h[ev]1 sugge/s t !re 7 at any rate two diff]5t k9ds ( c>riages 9 ,engl& at ?is "t1 = we read t ! body ( ,ri*>d ,,ii 0 borne to its la/ re/+-place 8^u a *>iette or sort ( litt] on :eels1 su* z is us$ by citiz5s' wives :o are n able or n all[$ to keep ord9>y litt]s40 ,) ?is 9 m9d1 x is difficult to agree ) ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey :5 he says#ae t ! *>e 0 a horse litt]1 ?\gh x is fair to add t he ackn[l$ges an opposite view4 ,! *>ette is obvi\sly ! ,fr5* =m ( c>etta1 :i* 0 ! c>riage 9 :i* ,beatrice1 ! wife ( ,*>les ( ,anj\1 ent]$ ,naples 9 #abfg4af ,?is vehicle is describ$ z be+ cov]$ bo? inside & )\t ) sky-blue velvet p[d]$ ) gold5 lilies4 ,pope ,gregory ,x ent]$ ,milan 9 #abgc 9 a simil> c>riage4 ,! c>etta 0 probably an op5 c> 8%ad$ simply by a canopy40 ,9 ! next c5tury1 ! ,anci5nes ,*roniques de ,fl&res1 a manuscript belong+ to #acdg1 %[s an illu/ration ( ,erm5g>de1 ! wife ( ,salv>d1 ,"l ( ,r\sillon1 travell+ 9 a f\r-:eel$ conveyance rem>kably l ! ord9>y c\ntry waggon ( to-day4 8,! lady10 says ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 8is seat$ on ! floor-bo>ds ( a spr+less f\r-:eel$ c>t or waggon1 cov]$ 9 ) a tilt t c\ld be rais$ or drawn aside2 ! body ( ! vehicle is ( c>v$ wood & ! out] edges ( ! :eels are pa9t$ grey to repres5t iron tyres4 ,! conveyance is drawn by two horses driv5 by a po/ilion :o be/rides t on ! ne> left side4 ,! traces are app>5tly ( rope1 & ! out] trace ( ! po/ilion's horse is repres5t$ z pass+ "u ! saddle-gir?1 a l5g? ( lea!r 787 be+ let 9 = ! purpose2 ! traces are atta*$ to sw+le-b>s c>ri$ on ! end ( a cross-piece secur$ to ! base ( ! pole :]e x meets ! body4 8,c>riages ( "s k9d10 he cont9ues1 8appe> also to h be5 us$ by m5 ( rank :5 travell+ on ! ,cont95t4 ,! ,exp$itions to ,prussia & ! ,holy ,l& ( ,h5ry1 ,e>l ( ,d]by1 9 #acij & #acib-c 7,camd5 ,society's ,publications1 #ahid7 indicate t ! ,e>l1 aft]w>ds ,k+ ,h5ry ,,iv ( ,engl&1 travell$ on :eels at lea/ "p ( ! way ?r\gh ,au/ria4 8,! acc\nts kept by 8 ,treasur] dur+ ! j\rney conta9 sev]al entries relative to c>riages2 ?us on ,novemb] #ad1 #acib1 paym5t is made = ! exp5ses ( two equ]ries nam$ ,he?cote & ,mansel1 :o 7 left = "o night at ,/4 ,mi*ael1 betwe5 ,leoban & ,kniltefeld1 ) ?irte5 c>riage horses4 ,on ! foll[+ day ! r\te lay ov] su* rugg$ & m\nta9\s c\ntry t ! c>riage :eels 7 brok5 despite ! lib]al use ( grease2 & at la/ ! n>r[ness ( ! way oblig$ ! ,e>l to ex*ange 8 own c>riage = two small] ones bett] suit$ to ! pa?s ( ! di/rict4 8,! ,treasur] also records ! sale ( an old c>riage at ,friola = ?ree flor9s4 ,! ex*ange ( ! ,e>l's #8own c>riage' is ! significant entry3 x seems v unlikely t a noble ( 8 rank w\ld h travell$ s lightly t a s+le c>t w\ld conta9 8 own luggage & t ( 8 p]sonal ret9ue2 & x is also unlikely t he us$ "o luggage c>t ( 8 own4 ,! record po9ts directly to ! conclusion t ! c>riages 7 pass5g] vehicles us$ by ! ,e>l himself40 ,x is to be not$ t ! c>riage ( ! ,lady ,erm5g>de 0 a ,flemi% vehicle4 ,fl&]s1 inde$1 seems to h %>$ ) ,hung>y ! hon\r ( play+ pione] 9 c>riage-build+ ?r\gh\t ! ages1 & long aft] ! g5]al adoption ( coa*es 9 ,europe1 ,flemi% models1 & also ,flemi% m>es1 7 freely import$ into ! v>i\s c\ntries4 ,ano!r c>riage ( ?is "t is describ$ 9 a pre-,*auc]ian poem call$ ,! ,squyr ( ,l[ ,degree1 9 :i* ! fa!r ( a ,hung>ian pr9cess is made to say3-- 8,tomorr[ ye %all on hunt+ f>e1 ,& ride my daught] 9 a *>e4 ,x %all be cov]$ ) velvet r$1 ,& clo?s ( f9e gold all ab\t y\r head2 ,) damask :ite1 & azure blue1 ,well diap]$ ) lilies new2 ,y\r pomelles %al be end$ ) gold1 ,y\r *a9s enammell$ _m a fold40 ,! pomelles no d\bt 7 8! h&les to ! rods affix$ to ! ro(1 & 7 = ! purpose ( hold+ on by1 :5 deep ruts or ob/acles 9 ! road caus$ an unusual j]k 9 ! vehicle40 ,"o notices t lilies 7 app>5tly a common =m ( decoration on ^! e>ly c>riages1 b x is to be regrett$ t ! acc\nts 9 g5]al are s scanty4 ,we come to ! litt]s4 ,( ^! ! commone/1 bo? 9 ,engl& & on ! ,cont95t1 seem to h be5 modifications ( ! ,roman ba/]na4 ,g5]ally !y 7 cov]$ ) a sort ( vault ) v>i\s op5+s4 ,two horses1 "o at ei!r end1 c>ri$ !m4 ,! great majority held only "o p]son4 ,?rupp describes !m 9 "s detail4 8,!y 710 he says1 8long & n>r[--long en\gh = a p]son to recl9e 9--& no wid] ?an c\ld be c>ri$ betwe5 ! poles :i* 7 plac$ on ei!r side ( ! horses4 ,!y 7 ab\t f\r to five feet long1 & two feet six in*es wide1 ) l[ sides & high] ends4 ,! entrance 0 9 ! middle1 on bo? sides1 ! doors be+ =m$ sometimes by a slid+ panel & sometimes simply by a cross-b>4 ,! /eps 7 ( lea!r or iron loops1 ! latt] be+ h+$ to turn up :5 ! litt] 0 plac$ on ! gr\nd4 ,! upp] "p 0 =m$ by a few broad wood5 hoops1 unit$ along ! top by f\r or five slats1 & ov] ! :ole a canopy 0 plac$1 :i* op5$ 9 ! middle1 at ! sides1 & ends1 = air & light40 ,isolat$ ref]5ces to ^! horse-litt]s are scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ! old *ronicles1 b af=d meagre in=mation4 ,william ( ,malmesbury /ates t ! body ( ,william ,rufus 0 plac$ on a r$a caball>ia1 a horse-litt]1 ! "n ( :i* sugge/s its orig94 ,accord+ to ,mat!w ( ,we/m9/]1 ,k+ ,john1 dur+ 8 illness 9 #abaf1 0 remov$ f ,sw9/ead ,abbey to ,new>k 9 a simil> vehicle1 ! lectica eque/re4 ,g5]ally1 h[ev]1 ! horse-litt] 0 res]v$ exclusively = wom51 m5 be+ unwill+ to risk an accusation ( effem9acy4 ,s1 9 record+ ! dea? ( ,e>l ,f]r]s 9 #abed1 f injuries receiv$ 9 an accid5t to 8 conveyance1 ! hi/orian is c>eful to expla9 t 8 ,lord%ip suff]$ f ! g\t1 :i* 0 :y he happ5$ to be 9 a litt] at all4 ,z "t pass$1 ! litt] r ?an ! :eel$ c>riage became ! /ate vehicle4 ,froiss>t1 writ+ ( ! second wife ( ,ri*>d ,,ii1 describes 8la june ,royne d',anglet]re0 z travell+ 8en une lit]e m\lt ri*e qui etoit ordonde p\r elle40 ,m>g>et1 ! daught] ( ,h5ry ,,vii1 j\rney$ to ,scotl&1 x is true1 on ! back ( a 8faire palfrey10 b %e 0 foll[$ by 8"o v>y ri*e lit]e1 borne by two faire c\rs]s v>y nobly dre/2 9 wi* lit]e ! sayd que5e 0 borne 9 ! intryng ( ! good t[nes1 or o!rwise to h] good play%]40 ,b on ! ,cont95t new improvem5ts 7 be+ made 9 :eel$ c>riages1 & :5 9 #adcb ,h5ry ,,vi wrote to ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury & o!r high dignit>ies ( ! ,*ur*1 ) reg>d to ! wid[ ( ,h5ry ( ,nav>re1 he ord]$ !m to place two *>es at h] disposal1 r ?an ! litt] to :i* "o might h ?\ght %e w\ld be entitl$4 ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey translates ! ^w to mean a horse-litt]1 b ,m>kl&1 9 8 pap] on ! ,e>ly ,use ( ,c>riages 9 ,engl& 7,ar*ologia1 ,vol4 ,,xx71 diff]5tiates betwe5 ! two1 ascrib+ a m c]emonial use to ! litt]1 & ?is seems to me to be ne>] ! tru?4 ,bo? vehicles1 = in/ance1 are m5tion$ by ,hol9%$ 9 8 description ( ! coronation c]emony ( ,ca!r9e ( ,aragon 9 #aeji4 ,! ,que5 h]self rode 9 a litt] ( 8:ite clo! ( golde1 n cov]$ nor bail$1 :i* 0 l$ by two palfreys clad 9 :ite damask doone to ! gr\nd1 head & all1 l$ by h] footman4 ,ov] h] 0 borne a canopie ( clo? ( gold1 ) f\r gilt /aves1 & f\r silv] bells4 ,= ! be>+ ( :i* canopie 7 appo9t$ sixte5 knights1 f\re to be>e x "o space on foot1 & o!r f\re ano!r space40 ,b ! ,que5's ladies foll[$ h] 9 *>iots decorat$ 9 r$1 & ! same ?+ is true ( ,anne ,boleyn1 :o 9 #aecc rode to h] coronation 9 a litt]1 b 0 foll[$ by f\r *>iots1 ?ree decorat$ ) r$1 & "o ) :ite4 ,su* *>iots probably resembl$ ^? to be describ$ 9 ! next *apt]2 ! po9t to notice "h is t !y 7 be+ us$ n[1 & al?\gh ! litt]s /ill cont9u$ until ! "t ( ,*>les ,,ii--,m>y de ,m$icis1 ! ,que5-,"m ( ,france1 ent]$ ,london 9 #afch 9 a litt]1 ?\gh %e _h travell$ f ,h>wi* 9 a coa*1 & z late z #afhj 8an accid5t happ5$ to ,g5]al ,%ippon1 :o came 9 a horse-litt] w\nd$ to ,london2 :5 he paus$ by ! bre:\se 9 ,/4 ,john ,/reet a ma/iff attack$ ! horses1 & he 0 toss$ l a dog 9 a blanket0--! :eel$ c>riage once aga9 became ! vehicle ( hon\r1 & at ! coronation ( ,m>y 9 #aeec a *>iot#ag & n a litt] 0 us$ by ! ,que54 ,?is _h six horses1 & 0 cov]$ ) a 8clo? ( tissue40 ,:atev] its discom=ts may h be51 x _c h be5 less dignifi$ ?an ! litt] :i* x _h1 n[ = all "t1 supplant$4 ,*apt] ! ,?ird ,,introduction ,,( ,,! ,,coa* 7#adej-afjj7 8,g--call a ,coa*2 & let a ,coa* be call$3 ,let him t calls ! ,coa*1 be call$ ! ,call]6 ,& 9 8 call+1 let him no ?+ call1 ,b ,coa*6 ,,coa*66 ,,coa*6660 ,*rononhoton?ologos4 ,bo? horse-litt]s & e>ly :eel$ c>riages seem to h _h "s pret5sions t[>ds com=t4 ,!y af=d$ protection aga9/ ! inclem5cy ( ! wea!r2 !re _h be5 c]ta9 rude attempts at susp5sion1 & ! s(t cu%ions help$ to m9imise ! unpleasant jolt+s to :i* e c>riage 0 liable4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! r5aissance ( c>riage-build+ occurr$1 p seem to h be5 b little m progressive ?an !y _h be5 c5turies be=e4 ,!re 71 z ,i h already h9t$1 /ill two factors :i* militat$ aga9/ a spe$y adoption ( su* vehicles1 m com=table ?\gh !y und\bt$ly 71 z n[ began to be made--! /ate ( ! roads1 & ! dislike ( any?+ bord]+ ^u ! effem9ate4 ,! roads _h become no bett]4 ,ev5 ^? mo/ eag] to welcome ! new c>riages mu/ h be5 dismay$ at ! /ate ( ! c\ntry1 n only 9 ,engl&1 b 9 e ,european c\ntry4 ,z "o writ] ( ! sixte5? c5tury compla9s1 ! roads1 8by reason ( /raitness & disrepair1 bre$ a loa?some we>9ess to ! pass5g]40 ,nor is ?is writ] a solit>y grumbl]3 !re are num]\s compla9ts4 ,9 #aecg ,ri*>d ,bellasis1 "o ( ! mona/]y-wreck]s1 0 unable to proce$ ) 8 "w3 8lead f ! ro(s10 he reports1 8_c be convey$ away till next summ]1 = ! ways 9 t c\ntrie are s f\le & deepe t no c>riage c>t c pass 9 w9t]40 ,inde$1 no "o seems to h look$ aft] ! roads ) any c>e1 ei!r 9 ! fifte5? or ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,yet !re 71 9 ?is c\ntry1 repeat$ beque/s = _! pres]vation4 ,h5ry ,clif=d1 ,e>l ( ,cumb]l&1 a suff]] himself1 left "o hundr$ m>ks to be be/[$ on ! highways 9 ,crav51 & ! same sum on ^? ( ,we/morl&4 ,john ,lyon1 ! f\nd] ( ,h>r[ ,s*ool1 gave c]ta9 r5ts = ! repair ( ! roads f ,h>r[ & ,edgw>e to ,london4 ,?is 0 9 #aeib1 & ,lyon's example 0 spe$ily foll[$ by ,sutton1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,*>t]h\se4 ,!re 01 inde$1 legislation ( a k9d1 b 9 g5]al ! roads 7 9 a t]rible condition1 & = a long "t1 s f> z m5 7 conc]n$1 ! saddle rema9$ triumphant4 ,& = an ev5 long] "t cont9u$ t prejudice aga9/ c>riages :i* l$ to ! fram+ ( actual prohibitive laws4 ,ev5 wom5 7 occasionally =bidd5 ! use ( coa*es1 & !re is ! /ory ( ! luxuri\s du*ess :o 9 #aedf f\nd great difficulty 9 obta9+ f ! ,elector ( ,saxony p]mission to be driv5 9 a cov]$ c>riage to ! ba?s--su* leave be+ grant$ only on ! und]/&+ t none ( h] att5dants 7 to be all[$ ! same privilege4 ,s1 too1 9 #aefd1 ,pope ,pius ,,iv 0 exhort+ 8 c>d9als & bi%ops to leave ! new-fangl$ ma*9es to wom51 & tw5ty-f\r ye>s lat] ,julius1 ,duke ( ,brunswick1 f\nd x necess>y to issue an edict--x makes qua9t read+ n[--ord]+ 8 8vassals1 s]vants1 & k9sm51 )\t di/9ction1 "y & old10 :o 8h d>$ to give !mselves up to indol5ce & to rid+ 9 coa*es 444 to take notice t :5 ,we ord] !m to assemble1 ei!r altoge!r or 9 "p1 9 ,times ( ,turbul5ce1 or to receive _! ,fiefs1 or :5 on o!r occasions !y visit ,our ,c\rt1 !y %all n travel or appe> 9 ,coa*es1 b on _! rid+ ,horses40 ,m /r+5t is ! edict1 pres]v$ among/ ! ar*ives ( ! ,g]man c\nty ( ,m>k1 9 :i* ! nobility 0 =bidd5 ! use ( coa*es 8"u p5alty ( incurr+ ! puni%m5t ( felony40 ,s1 also1 we h ! case ( ,r5 de ,laval1 ,"l ( ,bois-,dauph91 an extremely obese nobleman liv+ 9 ,p>is1 ^: only excuse = possess+ a coa* 0 8 inability to be set ^u a horse1 or to keep 9 t position if ! horse *anc$ to move4 ,?is 0 9 #aeej4 ,9 ,engl& !re 0 a simil> feel+ ( opposition4 ,9 #aehd ,john ,lyly1 9 8 play ,alex&] & ,campaspe1 makes "o ( 8 *>act]s compla9 ( ! new luxury4 ,9 ! old days1 he says1 ^? :o us$ to ent] ! battlefield on h>d-trott+ horses1 n[ ride 9 coa*es & ?9k ( no?+ b ! pleasures ( ! fle%4 ,! once fam\s ,bi%op ,hall speaks bitt]ly ( ! 8s9-guilty0 coa*3-- 8,is't n a %ame to see ea* homely groome ,sit p]*$ 9 an idle *>iot roome ,t 7 n meete "s pannel to be/ride ,surs+l$ to a gall$ hackney's hide8 ,nor c x n\ght our gallant's praises reap1 ,unless x be done 9 />+ *eap ,9 a s9-guilty coa*1 n closely p5t1 ,jogg+ along ! h>d] pavem5t40 ,possibly ! same idea is to be f\nd 9 ! fram+ ( a ,p>liam5t>y ,bill ( #afja 8to re/ra9 ! excessive use ( coa*es10 :i*1 h[ev]1 0 ?r[n out4 ,s aga9 9 #afbc1 ! delightful ?\gh sadly bias$ wat]-poet1 ,john ,taylor1 is lam5t+ ! decad5ce ( ,engl&1 due1 accord+ to him1 to ! gr[+ cu/om ( driv+ 9 coa*es4 8,= :]eas10 he says1 8)9 our memories1 our ,nobility & ,g5try w\ld ride well m\nt$ 7& sometimes walke on foote7 gallantly att5d$ ) ?ree or f\r1 score brave fell[es 9 blue coates1 :i* 0 a glory to our ,nation2 & gave m cont5t to ! behold]s1 !n sic =ty ( y\r ,lea!r tumbrels3 ,!n m5 pres]v'd _! bodies /rong & able by walk+1 rid+1 & o!r manly ex]cises3 ,!n saddl]s 0 a good ,trade1 & ! "n ( a ,coa* 0 ,hea!n ,greek4 ,:o ev] saw 7b ^u extraord9>y occasions710 he goes on to ask1 8,sir ,philip ,sidney1 ,sir ,francis ,drake1 ,sir ,john ,norris1 ,sir ,william ,w9t]1 ,sir ,rog] ,williams1 or 7:om ,i %\ld h nam'd fir/7 ! fam\s ,"l ,gray & ,will\ghby1 :5 ! r5[n$ ,george ,e>le ( ,cumb]l&1 or ,rob]t ,e>le ( ,essex8 ,^! sonnes ( ,m>s1 :o 9 _! "t 7 ! glori\s ,broo*es ( our ,nation1 & admirable t]r\r to our ,enemies3 ^!1 ,i say1 did make small use ( ,coa*es1 & !re 7 two mayne reasons = x1 ! "o 01 t !re 7 b few ,coa*es 9 mo/ ( _! times3 & ! second is1 !y 7 deadly foes to all slo? & effem9acy40 ,to ,taylor1 inde$1 & probably to e "o ( 8 fell[-wat]m51 a coa* 0 always a 8hell-c>t0 design$ on purpose to put an end to 8 own mo/ wor?y call+4 ,b less bias$ poets ?an outspok5 ,taylor gave tongue to an opposition :i* cont9u$ = ne>ly two c5turies4 ,gay1 = in/ance1 look$ on ! va/ly improv$ vehicle ( 8 day z no m ?an an excuse = extravagant display3-- 8,o happy /reets1 to rumbl+ :eels unkn[n1 ,no c>ts1 no coa*es %ake ! float+ t[n6 ,?us 0 ( old ,britannia's city bless'd1 ,ere pride & luxury h] sons pr(ess'd40 ,& aga93-- 8,n[ gaudy pride corrupts ! lavi% age1 ,& ! /reets flame ) gl>+ equipage2 ,! trick+ game/] insol5tly rides1 ,) ,loves & ,graces on 8 *>iot's sides2 ,9 saucy /ate ! grip+ brok] sits1 ,& laughs at hone/y1 & trudg+ wits40 ,p]haps he is ?9k+ ( "s p]sonal inconv5i5ce1 r ?an ( m]e unnecess>y luxury1 :5 he asks3-- 8,:at walk] %all 8 mean ambition fix ,on ! false lu/re ( a coa* & six80 ,& s late z #aggj1 ! ecc5tric ,"l ,monboddo1 :o /ill ma9ta9$ ! sup]iority ( a savage life1 refus$ to 8sit 9 a box drawn by brutes40 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 easy to magnify su* opposition to coa*es z foll[$ on ! gr\nds ( m]e luxury & display1 b 9 ! e>li] hi/ory ( ! coa*1 to :i* we are n[ come1 x is a factor :i* mu/ by no means be neglect$4 ,! coa*1 l e o!r novelty1 _h to fight its way1 & if "o is incl9$ to believe1 aft] read+ su* accusations z !re are ( ! e>lie/ coa*es ) _! magnific5t adornm5ts & num]\s att5dants1 t ! own]s altoge!r des]v$ ! reproa*es ( _! m ,sp>tan fell[s1 x may be well to recall ,macaulay's words4 ,9 8 sket* ( ! /ate ( ,engl& 9 #afhe1 :5 coa*es 7 /ill lavi%ly adorn$1 he says ( !m3 8,we attribute to magnific5ce :at 0 really ! effect ( a v disagreeable necessity4 ,p 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ! ,second travell$ ) six horses1 because ) a small] numb] !re 0 great dang] ( /ick+ fa/ 9 ! mire40 ,& :at is true ( #afhe is c]ta9ly true ( #aehe4 ,buck+ham is suppos$ to h be5 ! fir/ man to use a coa* & six 9 ?is c\ntry1 ?\gh ?is is by no means c]ta94 ,( him a well-kn[n /ory apropos ( ?is "q ( undue luxury is told4 8,! /\t old ,e>l ( ,nor?umb]l&10 x runs1 8:5 he got loose1 he>+ t ! great ,fav\rite ,buck+ham 0 drawn ab\t ) a ,coa* & six horses 7:i* 0 wond]$ at !n z a novelty1 & imput$ to him z a ma/r+ pride7 ?\ght if ,buck+ham _h six he might v well h eight 9 8 ,coa*1 ) :i* he rode ?r\gh ! ,city ( ,london to ! ,ba?1 to ! vulg> talk & admiration4444 ,nor did ?is addition ( two horses by ,buck+ham gr[ high] ?an a little murmur4 ,= 9 ! late ,que5's "t !re 7 no coa*es1 & ! fir/ _h b two ,horses2 ! re/ crept 9 by ,degrees z m5 at fir/ v5ture to sea40#ah ,yet :at may h be5 true ( ,buck+ham1 ^: love ( luxury 0 notori\s1 ne$ n h be5 true ( ^? o!r own]s ( coa*es1 :o 7 con/antly travell+ ab\t ! c\ntry4 ,f9ally !re is ! o!r side ( ! "q to be rememb]$1 &1 z ,m4 ,ramde qua9tly po9ts out 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,locomotion1 ! v luxury :i* p s dislik$ _h a b5efic5t effect2 = 8aft] ! developm5t ( ! use ( c>riages1 & _! frequ5t employm5t by ! c\rt & nobility1 ! lib]ty to ?r[ ev]y?+ out ( ! w9d[ became intol]able6 ,?us ! c>riage ( luxury has be5 ! cause ( cleanl9ess 9 ! /reets40 ,n[ x mu/ be und]/ood t ! coa* prop] diff]s f all e>li] vehicles 9 be+ n only a cov]$1 b also a susp5d$ c>riage4 ,! canopy has giv5 place to ! ro(1 a ro(1 t is to say1 :i* =ms "p ( ! fram+ ( ! body2 & ! body itself is swung 9 "s fa%ion1 h[ev] primitive1 f po/s or o!r supports4 ,fur!r1 x seems reasonable to suppose1 on ! analogy ( ! b]l9 & ! l&au--two lat] c>riages :i* took _! names f ! t[ns 9 :i* !y 7 fir/ made--t ! fir/ coa*es 7 built 9 a small ,hung>ian t[n !n call$ ,kotzee4 ,yet x is to be obs]v$ t ,spa91 ,italy1 & ,france1 9 ! p]sons ( v>i\s en?usia/s1 h claim$ ! inv5tion--_! claims be+ ma9ly bas$ on su* simil>ities z may be obs]v$ betwe5 ! real coa* & ! e>li] c>s & *>ettes4#ai ,bridges ,adams1 inde$1 n to be outdone1 haz>ds ! sugge/ion t ,engl& might also be includ$ 9 su* a li/ by reason ( h] inv5tion ( ! :irlicote1 ?\gh he is oblig$ to admit t nobody kn[s exactly :at a :irlicote 0 l4 ,x is probably due to ^! patriotic g5tlem5 t sev]al r ludicr\s sugge/ions h be5 made to expla9 ! d]ivation ( ! ^w coa*1 :i* has a simil> s\nd 9 ne>ly all ,european languages4 ,m5ange ra%ly sugge/s a corruption ( ! ,lat9 vehiculum4 ,ano!r writ] puts =w>d ! ,greek v]b 1 to c>ry4 ,wa*t51 a ,g]man1 f9ds 9 kutt51 to cov]1 a suitable explanation1 & ,lye produces ! ,flemi% koets51 to lie along4 ,?is la/1 p]haps1 is ! mo/ reasonable sugge/ion ( ^? unwill+ to give ! palm to ,hung>y1 = n only 7 ! ,flemi% vehicles well kn[n be=e ! introduction ( ! new c>riage1 b !re is also "s confusion1 at any rate1 9 ?is c\ntry1 betwe5 ! two words coa* & c\*1 bo? be+ f\nd 9 ! old acc\nt books4 ,ev5 9 ! sixte5? c5tury ! ^w seems to h bo!r$ p4 ,!re is an amus+ ref]5ce to ?is po9t 9 an e>ly sev5te5?-c5tury tract call$ ,coa* & ,s$an ,pleasantly ,disput+1 ( :i* ,i %all h m to say 9 ! next *apt]4 8,_! fir/ inv5tion10 says a "* 9 ?is dialogue1 8& use 0 9 ! ,k+dome ( ,hung>ie1 ab\t ! "t :5 ,fri] ,george1 compell$ ! ,que5 & h] "y sonne ! ,k+1 to seeke to ,soliman ! ,turki% ,emp]\r1 = aid aga9/ ! ,fri]1 & "s ( ! ,nobilitie1 to ! utt] ru9e ( t mo/ ri* & fl\ri%+ ,k+dome1 :]e !y 7 fir/ call$ ,kottcze1 & 9 ! ,slavonian tongue ,cottri1 n ( ,c\*] ! ,fr5* to lie-d[ne1 nor ( ,cu*ey1 ! ,cambridge ,c>ri]1 z "s body made ,ma/] ,m9%aw1 :5 hee 7r wee7 p]fect$ 8 ,etymologicall diction>ie1 :5ce we call !m to ?is day ,coa*es40 ,x is also to be not$ t ! fir/ ,engli% coa*es1 s call$1 7 probably n susp5d$ at all1 b m]ely uphol/]$ c>ts = recl9+--9 fact no?+ m ?an ! old *>iots4 ,9 ! second half ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 practically e pleasure c>riage 9 ,engl&1 ?\gh n on ! ,cont95t1 0 call$ a coa* or a c>ro*e4 ,consequ5tly x is difficult to give a date = ! importation ( ! fir/ real coa* into ?is c\ntry4 ,inde$1 x is impossible to say ) any degree ( c]ta9ty precisely :5 c>riages ( ! susp5d$ type 7 fir/ made4 ,su* e>ly acc\nts z exi/ are at once fragm5t>y & obscure1 & ! few illu/rations little bett] ?an c>icatures ) a p]spective rem9isc5t ( t 9 ,hog>?'s fam\s example ( false draw+4 ,x c only be repeat$ t ! hammock slung f ! f\r po/s ( a waggon1 su* z we h se5 exi/$ among/ ! ,anglo-,saxons & possibly 0 also 9 use 9 p>ts ( ,europe1 may h provid$ ! idea ( p]man5t susp5sion z a means to com=t1 & t su* scanty evid5ce z !re is goes to prove t ! c>riages export$ f ,hung>y t[>ds ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury seem to h be5 ! fir/ coa*es to be built4 ,s e>ly z #adeg !re is m5tion ( su* a c>riage1 giv5 by ,ladislaus1 ,k+ ( ,hung>y1 to ! ,fr5* ,k+1 ,*>les ,,vii4 ,! ,p>isians :o saw x describ$ x z 8branlant et m\lte ri*e40 ,:at ?is 8trembl+0 c>riage 0 l !re is no means ( discov]+1 b x c]ta9ly sugge/s an attempt at susp5sion1 & may p]haps be tak5 = ! e>lie/ coa* to be record$ by hi/ory4 ,?is obvi\sly 0 ,hung>ian1 & ,hung>y is aga9 m5tion$ 9 ! same connection by ,/ephanus ,brod]i?us1 :o relates t 9 #aebf1 8:5 ! ar*bi%op receiv$ intellig5ce t ! ,turks _h ent]$ ,hung>y1 n cont5t ) in=m+ ! ,k+ ( ?is ev5t1 he spe$ily got into "o ( ^? light c>riages :i* f ! "n ( ! place we call kotcze1 & ha/5$ to ,8 ,maje/y40 ,& app>5tly ^! light c>riages 7 actually us$ = milit>y purposes1 ,taylor av[+ t 8!y c>ri$ soldi]s on ea* side ) cross-b[es10 ?is be+ ! be/ purpose to :i* he consid]$ ! coa* _h ev] be5 put or 0 likely to be put 9 ! future4 ,all ?is is cle> en\gh1 b ,beckmann1 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,inv5tions1 m5tions ano!r circum/ance :i* /r5g!ns ! evid5ce3 8,siegmund1 ,b>on de ,h]b]/e91 ambassador f ,l\is ,,ii1 to ! ,k+ ( ,hung>y1 says 9 8 ,comm5t>ie de rebus ,moscoviticis1 :]e he occasionally m5tions "s travell+-/ages 9 ,hung>y3 #8,! f\r? /age = /opp+ to give ! horses brea? is six miles bel[ ,taur9um1 9 ! village ( ,cotzi1 f :i* bo? driv]s & c>riages take _! "n1 & are g5]ally call$ cotzi4'0#bj ,v probably ^! new ,hung>ian c>riages 7 se5 9 mo/ ,european c\ntries be=e #aecj4 8,at t\rnam5ts10 says ,bridges ,adams1 8!y 7 made objects = display2 !y are spok5 ( z be+ gild$ all ov]1 & ! hang+s 7 ( crimson sat94 ,electresses & du*esses 7 seldom )\t !m2 & !re 0 z mu* rivalry 9 _! days ( public exhibition z !re is n[ #ahcg among/ ! aspirants ( fa%ion 9 _! well-appo9t$ equipages at a que5's draw+-room40 ,:at did ^! e>ly coa*es look l8 ,%orn ( _! hang+s1 !y mu/ h resembl$ no?+ s mu* z ! he>se ( to-day4 ,! fir/ illu/rations %[ no signs ( susp5sion1 & portray :at appe> to be gaudily decorat$ waggons1 & t 9 effect is :at !y 74 ,! fir/ coa* mak]s ( ,hung>y1 l _! pr$ecessors1 7 c]ta9ly cont5t to take = _! model ! common agricultural waggon ( ,g]many4 ,inde$1 ,hung>y seems to h play$ pione] 9 ?is respect at a v e>ly date4 ,von ,g9zrot1 9 8 "w on e>ly vehicles1 gives an illu/ration ( a clos$ pass5g] c>riage :i* be>s m ?an a sup]ficial resemblance to ! lat] coa*es4 8,! body10 says ,?rupp1 8is a disguis$ waggon2 ! tilt-top has two lea!r flaps to fall ov] ! doorway1 & ! panels are ( wick]-"w40 ,x w\ld h be5 q easy1 he cont9ues1 to use su* waggons1 z _h be5 ! case long be=e1 = pass5g] traffic1 8by plac+ ! planks across ! sides1 or susp5d+ seats by /raps f ! sides02 & he fur!r m5tions an oil pa9t+ at ,nuremb]g1 ( two waggons 8) c>v$ & gilt /&>d po/s bo? 9 front & beh9d ! body0--an int]e/+ /age 9 ! trans=mation f rude c>t to private coa*4 ,!re is a detail$ & te*nical description ( ^! waggons 9 ,?rupp's own book1 b x w be en\gh "h to notice t !y 7 g5]ally n>r[] at ! bottom ?an at ! top1 z 7 ! fir/ coa*es1 & t ! f\r :eels 7 ne>ly ( ! same size4 ,work+ f su* a model1 ! ,hung>ian artific]s produc$ a comp>atively light1 ?\gh l>ge1 f\r-:eel$ c>riage ) "s pret5sions to grace ( l9e1 a ro($ body1 broad seats1 & a side entrance4 ,! body1 h[ev]1 0 n completely enclos$ by solid panels1 :i* only took ! place ( ! curta9s at a lat] date4 ,c>v+s & o!r ornam5tation foll[$ on ! own]'s rank & ta/e4 ,& t[>ds ! end ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 if n be=e1 ! actual body 0 susp5d$ on /raps or braces4 ,!re are pres]v$ at ,coburg & ,v]ona "o or two coa*-bodies :i* %[ signs ( ! iron hoops by :i* !y 7 hung4 ,! e>lie/ ( ^! 0 built = ,duke ,fr$]ick ( ,saxony 9 #aebg1 & ,c\nt ,gozzad9i1 9 a slim folio :i* he privately pr9t$ "s sixty ye>s ago1 describes a coa*-body built 9 #aedi :i* /ill %[s traces ( its h]aldic ornam5tation on ! framework4 8,?is coa*10 says ,?rupp1 act+ z ! ,c\nt's translator1 80 built "u ! direction ( an ,italian at ,brussels1 = ! c]emony ( ! m>riage ( ,alex&]1 ! son ( ,octavius ,f>nese1 ,duke ( ,p>ma1 ) a ,portuguese pr9cess4 ,! w$d+ took place 9 #aefe at ,brussels4 ,!re 7 f\r c>riages ,fl&]s fa%ion 8 *>ettes & f\r coa*es aft] ! ,italian fa%ion1 sw++ on lea!r braces4 ,! *ief1 or /ate1 coa* is describ$ z be+ 9 ! mo/ beautiful mann]1 ) f\r /atues at ! ends1 ! spokes ( ! :eels l flut$ columns4 ,!re 7 s]aphims' heads at ! end ( ! ro( & ov] ! doorway1 & fe/oons ( fruit 9 relief ov] ! fram+ ( ! body4 ,! coa*man 0 support$ by two c>v$ figures ( lions1 two simil> lions 7 at ! h9d :eel1 & ! lea!r braces t support$ ! body & ! h>ness 7 emboss$ ) heads ( animals4 ,! ends ( ! /eps 7 s]p5ts' heads4 ,! :ole ( ! wood & ironwork 0 cov]$ ) gold reliev$ ) :ite4 ,! coa* 0 drawn by f\r horses1 ) r$ & :ite plumes ( fea!rs1 & ! cov]+ ( ! body & ( ! horses 0 gold brocade ) knott$ r$ silk fr+e4 ,! cu%ions ( gold-embroid]$ /uff 7 p]fum$ ) amb] & musk1 t infus$ ! s\l ( all :o ent]$ ! coa* ) life1 joy1 & supreme pleasure40 ,truly a ,s\!rn notion6 ,:at is app>5tly ! olde/ coa* to be pres]v$ practically intact is to be se5 at ,coburg4 ,?is coa* 0 built = a p>ticul> occasion--! m>riage ( ,john1 ,elector ( ,saxony1 9 #aehd4 ,! body is long & ornate1 & is hung f f\r c>v$ /&>d po/s surm\nt$ by cr[n$ lions4 ,! :eels are l>ge--f\r feet eight in*es & five feet--& ! ro( is at a slightly high] level ?an ! lions' heads4 ,m\nt+ /eps mu/ h exi/$1 b h be5 lo/4 ,n unnaturally ! adv5t ( ^! coa*es foll[$ ^u ! comm]cial prosp]ity ( ea* c\ntry4 ,g]many seems to h import$ a numb] ( c>riages f ,hung>y1 & made o!rs f ,hung>ian models1 b ev5 m prosp]\s ?an ,g]many at ?is "t 0 ,holl&1 :i* probably possess$ m coa*es ?an any o!r c\ntry 9 ,europe4 ,"h !re w\ld h be5 native designs to foll[ & improve ^u1 &1 z ,i %all %[ 9 a mom5t1 x 0 probably f ! ,ne!rl&s t ! fir/ coa* 0 import$ into ,engl&4 ,antw]p1 = in/ance1 a sup]latively ri* city 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 is cr$it$ by ,macph]son ) hav+ no less ?an five hundr$ coa*es --& s five hundr$ sc&als1 accord+ to ! local philosoph]s--9 #aefj1 at :i* date ,london _h b two1 & ,p>is no m ?an ?ree4 ,( ! ,fr5* trio ( c>osses1 z !y 7 call$1 "o 0 ! ,que5's prop]ty1 a second belong$ to ! fa%ionable ,diana ( ,poiti]s1 & ! ?ird _h be5 built = ! use ( t corpul5t noble :o has already be5 m5tion$4 ,"s ,italian t[ns possess$ _m1 o!rs none4 ,!re is pres]v$ at ! ,muse ,cluny 9 ,p>is a ,v]onese c>riole built 9 ! sixte5? c5tury by ,giovanna ,batta ,m>etto1 ) panels pa9t$ by a di/+ui%$ arti/ ( ! "t4 ,v]ona1 inde$1 seems to h _h _m coa*es4 ,b x 0 easily surpass$ by ,f]r>a1 :i* s e>ly z #aeji is cr$it$ ) ! possession ( no less ?an sixty coa*es1 ! :ole ( ^! =m+ ! ,duke's procession on ! occasion ( a /ate visit f ! ,pope4 ,&1 z ,?rupp po9ts out1 ^! sixty c>riages 7 n litt]s or c>s1 z might be suppos$1 b coa*es1 = x is p>ticul>ly m5tion$ by ! hi/orian t 8! ,du*ess ( ,f]r>a rode 9 a litt]1 & h] ladies foll[$ h] 9 tw5ty-two c>s40 ,spa9 _h app>5tly no coa*es until #aedf1 & "h aga9 !re 0 consid]able opposition to _! use4 ,yet al?\gh ,engl&1 ,france1 & ,spa9 seem to h be5 beh9d o!r c\ntries 9 tak+ to ! new c>riages1 all ?ree possess$ a fl\ri%+1 if n v l>ge1 coa*-build+ trade be=e #afjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,f a ,pr9t by ,h(nagel1 #aehb ,"h1 p]haps1 we may consid] ! introduction ( ! coa* into ,engl& 9 r great] detail4 8,x is a d\btful "q10 rem>ks ,taylor 9 8 ill-natur$ way10 :e!r ! divell br\ght ,tobacco into ,engl& 9 a ,coa*1 or else br\ght a ,coa* 9 a fogge or mi/ ( ,tobacco40 ,app>5tly he _h an equal dislike = bo? coa* & tobacco4 ,b al?\gh we owe to ! wat]-poet su* contempor>y satirical writ+s on ! subject z !re are1 he is n to be tru/$ z an hi/orian4 ,taylor1 inde$1 is a v bad hi/orian1 n s mu* on acc\nt ( 8 inability to see two sides ( a "q1 z because1 l _m ano!r poet1 he has made ( exagg]ation a f9e art1 & all[$ 8 memory to play second fiddle to 8 incl9ations4 ,x is to ! wor?y ,/[e t we mu/ turn = ! facts4 ,/[e lik$ ! coa*es little bett] ?an did ,taylor1 b 8 tra9+ _h made him exact1 & we may take x = grant$ t he is m or less correct :5 he says t ! fir/ coa* to be se5 ^u ,briti% roads belong$ to ! ye> #aeee4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 ?is is ! date ( ! fir/ ,g5]al ,highways ,act4 ,! preamble ( ?is ,bill /at$ t c]ta9 roads 7 8n[ bo? v noisesome & t$i\s to travel 9 & dang]\s to all pass5g]s & c>riages c>ts40 ,! local au?orities 7 emp[]$ to compel p>i%ion]s to give f\r days' "w e ye> to ! repair+ ( ! roads1 ?\gh h[ f> su* ord]s 7 c>ri$ out x w\ld be impossible to say4 ,! m]it ( actually introduc+ ! coa* is giv5 by ,/[e to ,h5ry ,mann]s1 second ,e>l ( ,rutl&1 :o caus$ "o ,walt] ,rippon to build him a c>riage f "s =eign1 mo/ probably ,dut*1 patt]n4 ,?is ,e>l ( ,rutl& _h borne ! ,spurs at ! coronation ( ,edw>d ,,vi1 & 9 #aedg _h be5 made ,con/able ( ,nott+ham ,ca/le4 ,he _h receiv$ ! ,fr5* ho/ages 9 #aeej at ! "t ( ! treaty :i* foll[$ on ! loss ( ,b\logne4 ,x is to be regrett$ t nei!r 9 8 correspond5ce nor 9 ! family acc\nt-books pres]v$ at ,belvoir is !re m5tion ( ei!r ,rippon or 8 coa*4 ,!re is1 inde$1 ! 8,book ( ,john ,leek ( rid+ *>ges c>riages c>ts & =r5e paym5tes0 9 #aeej1 & ano!r book compil$ by ,leek's successor1 ,george ,pilk+ton1 9 ! foll[+ ye>1 b all travell+ entries conc]n only horses & ! c>tage ( goods4 ,9 #aeee 8,george ,lassells1 ,esquy]0 0 8,comptroll] to ! h\seholde0 & paid 8to ,edw>d ,hopkynson = ij ryd+ roddes ( bone = my ,ladye & o!r ?+es1 xxijd10 b !re is no m5tion ( any c>riage = 8 ,lord%ip's own use4 ,:at is m un=tunate is t !re are no acc\nt-books ( ! ,mann]s family betwe5 #aeei & #aehe1 & x is n until #aehg1 :5 a f\r? ,e>l ( ,rutl& 0 head ( 8 h\se1 t ?is significant entry occurs3-- 8,coa*1 a newe1 b\ght 9 ,london1 xxxviijli4xiijs4ijd40 ,to g back to ,rippon1 x is n kn[n :o he 04 ,he is suppos$ to h built a coa* = ,que5 ,m>y 9 #aeef1 & 9 #aefd ! fir/ 8holl[ turn+ coa*0 ) pill>s & ar*es1 = ,que5 ,elizabe?1 ?\gh precisely :at is meant by a 8holl[ turn+0 coa* x is difficult to conjecture4 ,?is same ,rippon tw5ty-f\r ye>s lat] built ano!r coa* = ! ,que51 :i* is describ$ z 8a *>iot ?rone ) f\re pill>s beh9d1 to be>e a cr[ne imp]iale on ! toppe1 & be=e two l[] pill>s1 :]eon /ood a lion & a dragon1 ! support]s ( ! armes ( ,engl&40 ,x _c h be5 v com=table1 & ,elizabe? seems to h pref]r$ ano!r coa* br\ght out ( ,holl& by "o ,william ,boon51 :o ab\t #aefj 0 made h] coa*man1 a position he 0 /ill occupy+ at ! end ( ! c5tury4 ,?is ,boon5 0 a ,dut*man1 ^: wife is said to h introduc$ ! art ( />*+ into ,engl&1 :5ce foll[$ ^? huge ruffs s conspicu\s 9 all ! ,elizabe?an portraits4 ,boon5's coa* c\ld be op5$ & clos$ at pleasure4 ,on ! occasion ( ! ,que5's pass+ ?r\gh ! t[n ( ,w>wick1 %e _h 8e "p & side ( h] coa* to be op5$1 t all h] subjects pres5t might behold h]1 :i* mo/ gladly !y desir$40 ,?is coa* is describ$ z 8on f\r :eels ) sev5 spokes1 :i* are app>5tly b\nd r\nd ) a ?ick wood5 rim secur$ by pegs4 ,x is precisely su* a vehicle10 adds ! anonym\s hi/orian 9 ! ,c>riage ,build]'s & ,h>ness ,mak]'s ,art ,j\rnal1 8z is n[ #ahfj us$ by ! brew]s1 ) a tilt ov] x1 :i* op5s 9 ! c5tre on "o side1 & w\ld conta9 half a doz5 p]sons40 ,on ! o!r h&1 "o may safely ass]t t no brew]'s c>t 0 ev] decorat$ 9 ! same way1 = ! fram+ ( ,elizabe?'s c>riage 0 ( wood c>v$ 9 a %ell patt]n & gild$4 8,! :ole composition10 runs ano!r acc\nt1 8conta9s _m beautiful curves4 ,! %ell-"w creeps up to ! ro(1 :i* x supports1 & :i* is dome-%ap$4444 ,! ro( is capp$ by five wav+ o/ri* fea!rs1 "o at ea* corn]1 & ! fif? on ! c5tre ( ! ro(1 & spr++ f a k9d ( cr[n40 ,! driv]'s seat 0 app>5tly a k9d ( movable /ool1 & two horses 7 us$4 ,ev5 ?is coa*1 h[ev]1 ( :i* !re is a pr9t by ,hoefnagle1 dat$ #aehb1 _c h be5 v com=table1 & 9 #aefh1 :5 ! ,fr5* ambassador obta9$ an audi5ce1 ,elizabe? 0 compla9+ ( 8a*+ pa9s0 f be+ knock$ ab\t 9 a coa* driv5 too fa/ a few days be=e4 8,no wond]10 comm5ts "o hi/orian1 8t ! great que5 us$ h] coa* only :5 occasions ( /ate dem&$40 ,:5ev] possible1 inde$1 %e us$ h] horse4 8,:5 ,que5 ,elizabe? came to ,norwi*1 #aegh10 wrote ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne a hundr$ ye>s lat]1 8%e came on horseback f ,ipswi*1 by ! high road to ,norwi*1 9 ! summ] "t2 b %e _h a coa* or two10 he add$1 89 h] trayne40 ,9 ! pr9t j m5tion$ !re is %[n a second coa*1 :i* is p]haps a bett] example ( ! c>riage ( ! p]iod4 ,"o sees aga9 its he>se-l appe>ance1 ?\gh ! top is broad] ?an ! bottom1 & ! body is p>tially enclos$2 b !re is "o peculi>ity :i* des]ves p>ticul> m5tion4 ,?is 0 a small seat :i* project$ on ei!r side1 betwe5 ! :eels4 ,x 0 kn[n z ! boot4 ,"h sat ! pages or grooms or ! ladies 9 att5dance4 ,taylor1 ( c\rse1 has 8 fl+ aga9/ x4 ,! boot$ coa*1 he says1 is l a p]petual *eat]1 we>s 8two ,bootes & no ,spurs1 sometimes hav+ two paire ( ,legs & "o boote2 & (t5times 7aga9/ nature7 mo/ prepo/]\sly x makes faire ,ladies we>e ! boote2 & if y note1 !y are c>rri$ backe to backe l p surpriz'd by ,pyrats to be ty$ 9 t mis]able mann]1 & ?r[ne ov]bo>d into ! ,sea4 ,moreov]1 x makes p imitate ,sea-crabs1 9 be+ drawne ,side-wayes1 z !y are :5 !y sit 9 ! boote ( ! ,coa*40 ,! boot1 h[ev]1 0 already t5d+ to disappe> 9 ,taylor's day4 ,h[ x orig9at$ is n cle>4 ,x 0 always uncov]$1 :5ce foll[$ mu* h>d%ip1 p>ticul>ly if ! wea!r 0 unfav\rable4 ,nor c "o ?9k t x 0 v capaci\s4 ,!re is an e>ly sev5te5?-c5tury pamphlet entitl$ ,my ,j\rnie1 9 :i* a /\t old lady is put into ! boot ( a coa*1 & _c move4 ,:5 go+ uphill all ! pass5g]s are suppos$ to get out & walk1 b ! old lady1 once settl$1 refuses to budge1 &1 inde$1 _c be extricat$ until ! end ( ! j\rney4 ,!re is fur!r m5tion ( ! discom=t 9 a boot 9 #affc1 :5 ,edw>d ,b>k]1 writ+ to 8 fa!r1 a ,lanca%ire squire1 compla9s ( 8 tr\bles 9 ! side seat4 8,i got to ,london10 he says1 8on ,saturday la/1 my j\rney 0 noe ways pleasant1 be+ =c$ to ride 9 ! boote all ! waye1 y company y came up w mee 7 p]sons ( greate quality z knightes & ladyes4 ,my j\rneys exp5ce 0 #cj s4 ,?is traval ha? soe indispos$ mee1 y ,i am resolv$ nev] to ride aga9e 9 y coat*4 ,i am extreamly hot & fev]i%40 ,! mon/r\s wid? ( ^! e>ly coa*es foll[$1 ( c\rse1 on _! project+ side seats1 :i* only entirely disappe>$ :5 ! coa* _h come to be completely enclos$ & provid$ ) glass w9d[s4 ,x may be t ! boot 9 process ( "t 0 metamorphos$ into ! l>ge1 deep1 f\r-sid$ basket :i* 0 /rapp$ to ! back ( public coa*es 9 ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies1 &1 inde$1 ?is basket seems to h be5 call$ ! boot 9 eighte5?-c5tury /age coa*es4 ,x 0 probably 9 su* a basket-boot z ?is t ,mr4 ,pepys put 8 great b>rel ( oy/]s1 8z big z sixte5 o!rs10 :i* 0 giv5 him 9 #affd4 ,an int]e/+ po9t 9 ?is connection is t ^? :o travell$ on ! seatless & presumably mo/ uncom=table ro( ( a coa* ply+ = hire1 paid m = ! privilege ?an did ^? :o rode 9 ! boot4 ,h[ev] greatly ! *ronicl]s may diff] z to ! date ( ! actual introduction1 & o!rs besides ,taylor disagree ) ,/[e1 !re seems no d\bt t by #aehe _m ( ! nobility & "s weal?y common]s own$ private coa*es1 &1 inde$1 c]ta9 ent]pris+ tradesm51 z w appe>1 let o!r coa*es on hire at s mu* p] day4 8,aft] a :ile10 says ,/[e1 8div]s great ladies1 ) a great jeal\sy ( ! ,que5's displeasure1 made !m coa*es & rid !m up & d[n ! c\ntries1 to ! great admiration ( all ! behold]s1 b !n little by little !y grew usual among/ ! nobilitie & o!rs ( sort1 & )9 tw5ty ye>s became a great trade ( coa*-mak+40 ,inde$1 e "o ( any weal? 0 eag] to possess !m4 ,a private coa* settl$ any d\bts z to y\r quality4 ,x 0 a new fa%ion1 a new excitem5t4 8,s a woman10 says ,quicksilv]1 ! rake1 9 ,ea/w>d ,hoe1 8m>ry to ride 9 a coa*1 %e c>es n if %e rides to h] ru94 ',tis ! great end ( _m ( _! m>riages40 ,& aga91 9 ,b5 ,jonson's ,al*emi/ x is said ( ! ,c\ntess t %e 8444 has h] pages1 u%]s ,h] six m>es-- ,nay1 eight6 ,to hurry h] ?r\gh ,london1 to ! ,ex*ange1 ,be?lem1 ! *9a-h\ses-- ,yes1 & h ,! citiz5s gape at h]1 & praise h] tires40 ,ev5 ! pla9 c\ntry-folk seem to h be5 smitt5 ) ! new toy1 = toy x 0 to !m4 8,has he ne'er a little odd c>t10 asks ,waspe 9 ,b>?olomew ,fair1 8= y to make a coa* on1 9 ! c\ntry1 ) f\r pi$ hobby-horses80 ,any %ift = a coa*1 ?\ght he1 & no d\bt voic$ public op9ion4 ,! fir/ own]s ( coa*es appe> to h be5 ^? :o _h travell$ abroad4 ,s e>ly z #aeef1 ,sir ,?omas ,hoby1 :o _h be5 our ambassador to ,france1 possess$ a coa* & (f]$ to l5d x to ! ,lady ,cecil4 ,! acc\nt-book = #aegc ( ! ,kytson family1 ( ,h5grave1 9 ,suffolk1 m5tions ano!r e>ly coa*4 8,= my m mi/ress's co*e1 ) all ! furniture !reto belong+ except horses--xxxiiijli4xiiijs4 ,= ! pa9t+ ( my m & m armes ^u ! co*e--ijs4vjd40 ,9 #aegi ! ,e>l ( ,arundel is said to h br\ght a coa* into ,engl& f ,g]many1 & ?is coa* is int]e/+ f ! fact t c]ta9 hi/orians h cr$it$ x ) be+ ! fir/ coa* 9 ,engl&4 ,h[ su* a tradition arose is n cle>1 b x may be t ?is ,g]man coa* _h c]ta9 features :i* m ne>ly approa*$ ^? ( ! lat] ,/u>t1 fully-enclos$1 coa*es4 ,fur!r details are to be f\nd 9 ! ,mann]s notebooks1 & ^! af=d a glimpse ( ! me?ods adopt$ by ! coa*mak]s1 n yet a l>ge body1 ( ! day4 ,9 ! notebooks ( ,?omas ,screv51 #aeif-ig1 aft] an item = tw5ty-eight %ill+s = ?ree-qu>t]s ( 8sc>let sleves & labelles = 8 ,lord%ip's p>lyam5t robes0 comes ano!r ( six %ill+s 8to my ,lady ,adel9e's coa*man10 & "o1 j bel[1 ( great] int]e/3-- 8,item paid to ,wm4 ,wright1 coa*mak]1 9 p>te ( xlli4 = a coa*e n[ made1 xxli40 ,aft] t1 9 ! #aeih-ii book comes an item to 8! ,c\ntess ( ,s\?ampton's coa*man t wayt$ on my ,"l to ,d]t=d1 vs40 ,?is sugge/s ! gr[+ popul>ity ( ! coa*1 m especially z !re is ano!r disbursem5t 9 ! same ye> to ! ,c\ntess ( ,essex's coa*man4 ,!n foll[ f ,novemb] #be?1 #aeih1 details ( ! exp5ses ( ! new coa* = my ,"l's own use--:i* app>5tly took consid]able "t to furni%4 8,item = ij paire ( new :eeles = ! coa*e1 tymb] worke & iron "w1 & sett+ !m on ! axeltrees1 iijli4xiijs4iiijd42 paynt+e !m 9 oyle col\r1 vjs4viijd42 a new pole = ! horses to drawe by1 ijs4vjd42 a paire ( spr+e trees1 iijs4iijd40 ,! prov5d] bill = six horses is giv51 also an item 8= sett+ up ! coa* horses at dyv]s times at ,wals+ham ,h[se1 iiijs42 at ,hatton ,h[se1 xijd42 at ,bayn>des ,ca/le1 ijs42 dress+ & oyl+ ! coa*1 ijs402 :ile ! mo/ necess>y :ip co/s ,mr4 ,screv5 twelve p5ce4 ,o!r paym5ts are six %ill+s = two new be>+ braces = ! 8d\ble hang+0 ( ! coa*--"h at any rate is def9ite m5tion ( susp5sion1 a fact :i* might sugge/ t1 aft] all1 ei!r ,rippon's or ,"l ,arundel's coa* _h be5 ( ! susp5d$ type--f\r %ill+s = a long spr+ brace1 two %ill+s & sixp5ce = a new 8wynge10 & sixte5 p5ce = two 8be>+ raynes40 ,! new coa*1 h[ev]1 is n ready 9 "t = 8 ,lord%ip1 :o !reupon hires "o ) ?ree horses to take him 8to ! ,c\rt at ,nonesu*1 #bc1 #bd1 & #be ( ,septemb]1 at xvjs4 p] diem40 ,mean:ile paym5ts = 8 own coa* cont9ue4 ,= f\r 8skynnes ( orange col\r lea!r goate0 he pays v>i\s sums2 = ! timb] "w1 = m pa9t+1 = a cov]+ 9 8black le!r10 & = mak+ ! 8curtaynes1 & sett+ on ! fir+e1 & mak+ ! blew clo? cov]0 a sum ( tw5ty-six p\nds1 n9ete5 %ill+s1 is exp5d$4 ,nor is ?is all4 ,my ,"l 0 evid5tly det]m9$ to make 8 coa* z gorge\s z possible4 ,n9e y>ds ( 8m>ygold c\l\r velvet = ! seat & b$ 9 ! coa*0 7 requir$1 & ea* y>d co/ tw5ty-?ree %ill+s4 ,! quilt+ = ! b$ co/ =ty %ill+s4 ,9 addition1 !re 0 a lace ( 8crymos9 silk0 & no less ?an 8v elles ( crymos9 taffaty = curtaynes10 co/+ ?ree p\nds fifte5 %ill+s2 also 8#i y>des ( blew clo! = a cov]40 ,!n1 ( great int]e/1 comes ! f9al entry3-- 8,item1 paid to ,ryly1 embrod]]1 9 full = embrod]+ iij sumpt] clo!s ( crymos9 ) 8 ,lord%ip's armes !reon at l>ge1 & vij o!res embrod]$ onely ) great peacocks1 ) c>sey = ! g>d+ & tasselles & frynge1 #ad ,july1 lxiiijli40 ,mr4 ,ryly 0 well paid = 8 "w#ba4 ,f su* details x is possible to imag9e :at ?is & o!r coa*es ( ! "t 7 l4 ,y figure a huge1 gaudy1 curta9$ app>atus ) project+ sides & incomplete panels1 l>ge en\gh to conta9 a fair-siz$ b$1 hung r\ghly f f\r po/s1 & capable ( be+ dragg$ at little bett] ?an a snail's pace--8f\r-:eel$ ,tortoyses0 ,taylor calls !m--along roads h>dly wor?y ( ! "n4 ,tw5ty miles a day 0 consid]$ good go+4 ,says ,portia1 9 ! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice3-- 8444 ,i'll tell !e all my :ole device ,:5 ,i am 9 my coa*1 :i* /ays = u ,at ! p>k gate2 & !re=e ha/e away1 ,= we mu/ measure tw5ty miles to-day40 ,! coa*man1 z we le>n f ! wat]-poet1 0 8m\nt$ 78 fell[-horses & himselfe be+ all 9 a f9]y7 ) z _m v>ieties ( laces1 fac+s1 ,clo!s & ,col\rs z are 9 ! ,ra9eb[e40 ,nor 0 he ov]-polite1 p>ticul>ly if ! coa* he drove 0 hir$4 ,9 ,jonson's ,/aple ( ,news "o ( ! pieces ( mock-news to appe> 9 ! ideal pap] conc]ns ! frat]nity3-- 8& coa*m5 ,to m\nt _! boxes rev]5tly1 & drive ,l lapw+s ) a %ell ^u _! heads ,?r\gh ! /reets40 ,!y seem to h ?\ght t _! f9]y all[$ !m to treat ! p$e/rians ) b scant respect4 ,& no wond] ^! 8way-/opp+ :irligigges10 z ,taylor calls ! coa*es1 surpris$ ! inhabitants4 ,:5 "o ( !m 0 se5 = ! fir/ "t1 8"s said x 0 a great ,crab-%ell br\ght out ( ,*9a1 & "s imag9'd x to be "o ( ! ,pagan ,temples 9 :i* ! ,cannibals ador$ ! devill40 ,= "s "t1 inde$1 ! coa*es mu/ h giv5 ! common folk some?+ to ?9k ab\t4 ,a coa* rumbl+ along br\ght !m to _! w9d[s1 j z ! horseless c>riage1 c5turies lat]1 prov$ a simil> attraction4 ,!re is a sc5e 9 ,ea/w>d ,hoe :i* well illu/rates ?is po9t4 ,ent] a ,coa*man 9 ha/e 9 's frock1 fe$+4 ,coa*4 ,"h's a /ir :5 citiz5s ride out ( t[n inde$1 z if all ! h\se 7 afire6 ',slight1 !y w n give a man leave to eat 's breakfa/ a=e he rises4 ,ent] ,hamlet1 a footman1 9 ha/e4 ,ham4 ,:at coa*man8 ,my lady's coa*1 = %ame6 h] lady%ip's ready to come d[n4 ,ent] ,potk91 a tank>d be>]4 ,pot4 ',sfoot1 ,hamlet1 are y mad8 :i!r run y n[8444 ,ent] ,mrs4 ,fond & ,mrs4 ,gaz]4 ,fond4 ,come1 sweet mi/ress ,gaz]1 let's wat* "h1 & see my ,lady ,fla% take coa*4 ,gaz]4 ,o' my ^w1 "h's a mo/ f9e place to /& 94 ,did y see ! new %ip laun*'d la/ day1 ,mrs4 ,fond8 ,fond4 ,o ,god1 & we citiz5s %\ld lose su* a sight6 ,gaz]4 ,i w>rant "h w be d\ble z _m p to see h] take coa*1 z !re 7 to see x take wat]4 ,my lady's po9t ( view is put =w>d by ,lady ,ei!rside 9 ,! ,devil is an ,ass4 ,says %e3-- 8,if we once see x "u ! seals1 w5*1 !n1 ,h ) !m = ! great c>o*1 six horses1 ,& ! two coa*m51 ) my ,ambl] b>e1 ,& my ?ree wom52 we w live1 i' fai?1 ,! example ( ! t[n1 & gov]n x4 ,i'll lead ! fa%ion /ill40 ,contempor>y ref]5ces to coa*es1 h[ev]1 are b sc>ce4 ,! mo/ important ( ^! is ,taylor's own ,! ,_w runnes on ,:eeles3 or1 ,oddes betwixt ,c>ts & ,coa*es1 an amus+ pamphlet writt5 9 prose & n 9 v]se1 because ! au?or1 z he says1 0 lame at ! "t ( its composition1 & because beyond ! ?ree words1 broa*1 ,roa*1 & encroa*1 he c\ld f9d no suitable rhymes4 ,encroa*1 h[ev]1 he ?9ks might h done1 = t ^w1 z he expla9s 9 8 d$ication to v>i\s companies likely to suff] f ! importation ( ! coa*1 8be/ befits x1 = ,i ?9k nev] su* an impud5t1 pr\d ,intrud] or ,encroa*] came into ! _w z a ,coa* is2 = x ha? driv5 _m hone/ ,families out ( _! ,h\ses1 _m ,knights to ,begg]s1 ,corporations to pov]ty1 ,almesde$es to all misde$es1 ,hospitality to extortion1 ,pl5ty to fam9e1 ,humility to pride1 ,compassion to oppression1 & all ,e>?ly goodnes to an utt] confusion40 ,to ! c>t he does n object1 b = ! 8hyr$ ,hackney-hell-c>ts0 he _c f9d suffici5t abuse4 ,8 argum5ts 9 fav\r ( c>ts z aga9/ coa*es are c]ta9ly novel1 if n entirely conv9c+ z com+ f a wat]man well us$ to live pass5g]s himself4 8,& z necessities & ?+s10 he says1 8^: commodi\s uses _c be want$1 are to be respect$ be=e ,toyes & trifles 7^: beg9n+ is ,folly1 cont9uance ,pride1 & ^: ,end is ,ru9e7 ,i say z necessity is to be pref]r$ be=e sup]fluity1 s is ! ,c>t be=e ! ,coa*2 ,= ,/ones1 ,timb]1 ,corne1 ,w9e1 ,be]e1 or any ?+ t wants life1 !re is a necessity !y %\ld be c>ri$1 because !y are dead ?+s & _c g on foot1 :i* necessity ! hone/ ,c>t do? supply3 ,b ! ,coa*1 l a sup]flu\s bable1 or un*>itable ,mis]1 do? seldom or nev] c>ry or help any dead or helplesse ?+2 b on ! contr>y1 x helps ^? t c helpe !mselves 444 & c>ries m5 & wom51 :o are able to goe or run2 ,ergo1 ! ,c>t is necess>y1 & ! ,coa* sup]flu\s40 ,9 fact1 ! coa*1 accord+ to poor ,taylor1 is directly responsible = e calamity f :i* ! c\ntry has suff]$ s9ce its introduction4 ,lea!r has become de>]1 ! horses 9 _! traces are be+ pro/itut$1 & !re is a 8univ]sal decay ( ! be/ a%-trees40 8,a ,:eele-wright10 he cont9ues1 8or a mak] ( ,c>ts1 is an anci5t1 a pr(itable & a ,trade1 :i* by no meanes c be want$3 yet s poore x is1 t sc>ce ! be/ among/ !m c h>dly ev] atta9e to bett] ?an a ,calves sk9 fate1 or a piece ( beefe & ,c>ret rootes to d9n] on a ,sunday2 nor sc>cely any ( !m is ev] m\nt$ to any ,(fice above ! degree ( a ,scav5g]1 or a ,ty?+-man at ! mo/4 ,on ! contr>y1 y\r ,coa*mak]s trade is ! mo/ ga9e-fulle/ ab\t ! ,t[ne1 !y are app>ell$ 9 ,satt5s & ,velvets1 & ,ma/]s ( _! ,p>i%1 ,ve/ry-m51 :o f>e l ! ,emp]ors ,heliogabalus or ,s>danapalus1 seldome )\t _! ,mackroones1 ,p>misants1 ,jellies & ,kick%awes1 ) bak$ ,swannes1 ,pa/ies hot1 or cold r$ ,de]e ,pyes1 :i* !y h fro _! ,debtor ,wor%ips 9 ! ,c\ntry3 nei!r are ^! ,coa*es onely ?us cumb]some by _! ,rumbl+ & ,rutt+1 z !y are by _! /&+ /ill1 & damm+ up ! /reetes & lanes1 z ! ,blacke ,fri]s1 & div]s o!r places c witnes1 & aga9/ ,coa*mak]s doores ! /reets are s pe/]$ & clogg'd ) !m1 t nei!r man1 horse or c>t c passe = !m2 9 s mu* z my ,"l ,maior is highly to bee comm5d$ = 8 c>e 9 _! re/ra9t1 s5d+ 9 ,febru>y la/1 _m ( !m to ! ,c\rtes = _! c>elessnesse h]e940 ,9 ano!r "w ( ,taylor's1 ,! ,?iefe1 !re is a passage ( equal int]e/3-- 8,c>roa*es1 ,coa*es1 ,jades & ,fl&]s ,m>es ,d rob u ( our %>es1 our w>es1 our ,f>es3 ,aga9/ ! gr\nd we /& & knock our heeles1 ,:ile/ all our pr(it runs away on :eeles2 ,& :osoev] b obs]ves & notes1 ,! great increase ( ,coa*es & ( ,boats1 ,%all f9de _! numb] m ?an e'r !y 7 ,by halfe & m )9 ^! ?irty ye]es4 ,!n wat]m5 at ,sea _h s]vice /ill1 ,& ^? t /aid at home _h worke at w3 ,!n up/>t ,helc>t-,coa*es 7 to seeke1 ,a man c\ld sc>ce see tw5ty 9 a weeke1 ,b n[ ,i ?9ke a man may daily see1 ,m ?an ! ,:irries on ! ,?ames c be4 ,:5 ,que5 ,elizabe? came to ! ,cr[ne1 ,a ,coa* 9 ,engl&1 !n 0 sc>cely kn[ne1 ,!n 'twas z r>e to see "o1 z to spy ,a ,tradesman t _h nev] told a lye40 ,x w be se5 f ! fir/ ( ^! l9es1 t a diff]5ce is made betwe5 ! coa* & ! c>o*e 7c>ro* or c>roa*e74 ,on ?is po9t !re is a def9ite /atem5t 9 ! ,elizabe?an play ,tu ,quoque3-- 8,prep>e y\rself to l ?is g5tleman1 ,:o c ma9ta9 !e 9 ?y *oice ( g[ns1 ,( tires1 ( s]vants1 & ( co/ly jewels2 ,nay1 = a ne$1 out ( 8 easy nature1 ,may'/ draw him to ! keep+ ( a coa* ,= c\ntry1 & c>ro* = ,london40 ,?is1 too1 is borne out by ! spee* ( ,lady ,ei!rside already quot$4 ,_m s]vants 7 ne$$ = ! c>ro*4 ,mass+] speaks ( "o be+ drawn by six ,fl&]s m>es1 & hav+ its coa*man1 groom1 po/ilion1 & footman1 to look aft] x4 8,^! c>roa*es10 says ,croal#bb 87 l>g] & clumsi]0 ?an ! coa*es1 8b 7 consid]$ m /ately40 ,taylor speaks ( ! t[n ,vehicle z 8a m]e ,eng9e ( ,pride10 & gives a r ludicr\s acc\nt ( "s common wom5 :o _h hir$ "o ( !m to g to 8! ,gre5e-,goose faire at ,/rat=d ! ,b[e40 ,! occupants ( ?is c>ro* 87 s be-madam'd1 be-mi/ri/1 & ,ladifi$ by ! begg]s1 t ! fooli% ,wom5 began to swell ) a pr\d ,supposition or ,imag9>y greatnes1 & gave all _! mony to ! m5dicant+ ,cant]s40 ,poor ,taylor6 ,he felt v deeply on ! "q ( ^! new coa*es :i* 7 to put an end once & = all "t to 8 trade4 ,he mu/ h felt t ,h5ry ( ,nav>re's assass9ation 9 #afaj w\ld nev] h tak5 place b = t mon>*'s affection = 8 coa*2 yet 9 spite ( 8 deep hatr$1 he 0 once prevail$ ^u to ride inside "o ( !m4 8,x 0 b my *ance0 he records1 8once to bee br\ght f ,:itehall to ! ,t[] 9 my ,ma/] ,sir ,william ,waades ,coa*1 & be=e ,i _h be5 drawn tw5ty y>des1 su* a ,timpany ( ,pride puft me up1 t ,i 0 ready to bur/ ) ! w9de *ollicke ( va9e-glory4 ,9 :at /ate ,i w\ld leane ov] ! boote1 & looke1 & pry if ,i saw any ( my acqua9tance1 & !n ,i w\ld /& up vail+ my ,bonnet40 ,x almo/ looks z ?\gh he _h enjoy$ 8 ride6 ,*apt] ! ,f\r? ,,int]lude ,,( ,,! ,,*air 8,i love s$ans1 cause !y d plod ,& amble ev]y:]e1 ,:i* pranc]s are ) lea!r %od1 ,& ne'er di/urb ! e>e4 ,heigh d\ne1 d]ry d]ry d\ne1 ,) ! hackney ,coa*es d\ne1 ,_! jump+ make ,! pavem5ts %ake1 ,_! noise do? mad ! t\ne40 ,anci5t ,ballad4 ,j z ! horse-litt] gave way be=e ! coa*1 s ! coa*1 n long aft] its appe>ance1 f\nd a s]i\s rival 9 ! man-drawn litt] or ,s$an *air4 ,:5 or :]e ?is *air came f1 or :o br\ght x into use once aga91 is n kn[n4 ,t ,s$an itself 0 ! fir/ place to adopt ?is *air may be true--! analogy already m5tion$ hold+ good--b beyond a few half-s]i\s words 9 a curi\s sev5te5?-c5tury pamphlet to be quot$ 9 a little1 !re is no positive evid5ce :atev]4 ,sev]al writ]s1 inde$1 ass]t t ,s$an _h no?+ to d ) ! *air = ev] associat$ ) its "n1 b 9 t tantalis+ mann] :i* is un=tunately *>act]i/ic ( =m] times1 omit to /ate _! reason4 ,x has be5 sugge/$ t s$an 0 ! "n ( ! clo? ) :i* ! *air 0 l9$1 b if ?is 7 s1 ! clo? mo/ probably took its "n f ! *air x adorn$4 ,b :]ev] x 0 fir/ made x is reasonable to suppose t ! n>r[ness ( ! /reets made a small] vehicle ?an ei!r coa* or horse-litt] conv5i5t4 ,! e>lie/ *air1 o!r ?an ^? anci5t lectic & m5tion$ 9 ! fir/ *apt]1 appe>s to h belong$ to ! ,emp]or ,*>les ,v1 9 ! fir/ half ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,?is1 inde$1 does be> "s resemblance to ! common conception ( a *air1 b ! fir/ ,s$ans ( "s fifty ye>s lat] resembl$ no?+ s mu* z a mod]n dog-k5nel provid$ ) two poles4 ,a m unsociable app>atus 0 surely nev] built1 & yet its almo/ imm$iate popul>ity is easily expla9$4 ,) ! urban /reets n yet prop]ly pav$ & ! et]nal jolt+ ( ! coa*1 to ! accompanim5t ( su* a clatt] z mu/ h made spee* almo/ impossible1 any?+ 9 ! nature ( a conveyance t made at once = physical com=t & comp>ative sil5ce w\ld h be5 fav\rably receiv$4 ,!re is m5tion ( a *air be+ %[n 9 ,engl& 9 #aeha--;j at ! "t :5 ! c\ntry 0 beg9n+ to %[ an int]e/ 9 c>riages--b x 0 n until aft] ! dea? ( ,elizabe? t su* a novelty 0 se5 9 ! /reets ( ,london4 ,y are n :olly surpris$1 moreov]1 to he> t ! innovation 0 due to ,buck+ham1 t apo/le ( luxury1 :o probably fir/ saw ! *air on 8 visit to ,spa9 ) ,pr9ce ,*>les4 ,inde$ ! ,pr9ce is suppos$ to h br\ght back ?ree ( !m ) him4 ,at fir/1 ( c\rse1 !re 0 opposition4 8,e new ?+ ! ,p disaffect10 wrote ,ar?ur ,wilson1 ! hi/orian1 8,!y /umble sometimes1 at ! action = ! p]son1 :i* rises l a little cl\d b soon aft] vani%es4 ,s aft]1 :5 ,buck+ham came to be c>ri$ ^u ,m5's %\ld]s ! clam\r & ! noise ( x 0 s extravagant t ! ,p w\ld rail on him 9 ! ,/reets1 loa?+ t ,m5 %\ld be br\ght to z s]vile a condition z ,horses4 ,s irksome is e little new impression t breaks an old ,cu/om & rubs & grates aga9/ ! public hum\r4 ,b :5 ,"t _h made ^! ,*airs common1 e loose ,m9ion us$ !m1 s t t :i* got at fir/ s mu* sc&al 0 ! means to convey ^? privately to su* places :]e !y might give mu* m4 ,j l long hair1 at "o "t describ$ z abom9able1 at ano!r "t approv$ z beautiful4 ,s v>i\s are ! fancies ( ! times60 ,x is to be notic$ t ,buck+ham1 accord+ to ?is acc\nt1 0 c>ri$ ^u m5's %\ld]s4 ,?is 0 ! case at fir/1 b su* a mode 0 spe$ily *ang$ = t ( h&-poles--at once saf] & m com=table = ! occupant1 & c]ta9ly m conv5i5t = ! m54#bc ,john ,evelyn disagrees ) ,wilson & ascribes ! introduction ( ! *air into ,engl& to ,sir ,saund]s ,duncombe1 a ,g5tleman-,p5sion] knight$ by ,james ,i 9 ,scotl& 9 #afag1 :o enjoy$ ,buck+ham's patronage4 ,9 8 ,di>y = #afde1 he writes ( ! ,neapolitans3 8,!y greatly affect ! ,spani% gravity 9 _! habit2 delight 9 good horses2 ! /reets are full ( gallants on horseback1 9 coa*es & s$ans1 f h5ce br\ght fir/ into ,engl& by ,sir ,saund]s ,duncombe40 ,und\bt$ly ,duncombe 0 responsible = ! great popul>ity ( ! *air 9 ,engl&1 & = a "t held a monopoly 9 su* *airs z c\ld be _h = hire1 b x may be t ,buck+ham sugge/$ ?is monopoly 9 ! fir/ place1 aft] ! tempor>y opposition to _! use _h be5 ov]come4 ,:i* r sugge/s t ,spa9 0 actually ! fir/ c\ntry :]e !y 7 us$1 ?\gh ?is is m]e conjecture4 ,9 ! meantime mu* 0 happ5+ to ! coa*es4 ,!y 7 increas+ enorm\sly 9 numb]1 n only ^? privately own$1 b also ^? hir$ out by ! day4 ,^! latt] soon became kn[n z hackney-coa*es4#bd ,!y seem to h be5 put on ! /reets z e>ly z #afje1 b 8rema9$ 9 ! own]'s y>ds until s5t =40 ,9 #afcc ! ,/r& 0 *os5 z ! fir/ regul> /& = su* coa*es by a ,capta9 ,bailey1 "o ( ! pione]s ( ! movem5t4 8,i _c omit to m5tion10 writes ,"l ,/af=d1 8any new ?+ t comes up among/ u ?\gh ev] s trivial4 ,"h is "o ,capta9 ,bailey1 he ha? be5 a sea capta91 b n[ lives on l& ab\t ?is city :]e he tries exp]im5ts4 ,he ha? erect$1 accord+ to 8 ability1 "s f\r hackney coa*es1 put 8 m5 9 liv]y & appo9t$ !m to /& at ! ,maypole 9 ! ,/r&1 giv+ !m in/ructions at :at rate to c>ry m5 into sev]al p>ts ( ! t[n :]e all day !y may be _h4 ,o!r hackney m5 ve]+ ?is way1 !y flock$ to ! same place & p]=m$ _! j\rneys at ! same rate1 s t sometimes !re is tw5ty ( !m toge!r1 :i* dispose up & d[n1 t !y & o!rs are to be _h ev]y:]e1 z wat]m5 are to be _h at ! wat]side4 ,ev]ybody is mu* pleas$ ) x1 = :]eas be=e coa*es c\ld be _h b at great rate0--"o recalls ! prices paid by ,"l ,rutl& a few ye>s be=e--8n[ a man may h "o mu* *eap]40 ,mo/ ( ^! coa*es t 7 put on to ! /reets seem to h be5 old & disus$ c>riages belong+ to ! quality4 ,_m ( !m /ill bore noble arms1 &1 inde$1 x w\ld seem t :5 ! hackneys 7 no long] disus$ noblem5's c>riages1 ! proprietors f\nd x advisable to pret5d t !y 74 ,ne>ly e hansom & f\r-:eel$ cab at ! end ( ! n9ete5? c5tury bore "s sort ( coronet on its panels4 ,! driv]s ( ^! fir/ hackneys wore l>ge coats ) sev]al capes1 "o ov] ! o!r1 = w>m?4 ,london1 h[ev]1 seems to h be5 ! only t[n 9 :i* !y 7 to be se54 8,coa*es10 wrote ,fynes ,morison 9 #afag1 8are n to be hir$ any:]e b 9 ,london4 ,= a day's j\rney a coa* ) two horses is let = ab\t #ajs4 a day1 or #aes4 ) ?ree horses1 ! coa*man f9d+ ! horses' fe$40 ,f ! same au?or x w\ld appe> t mo/ travell]s /ill dogg$ly kept to _! horses1 & inde$1 9 "s c\nties a horse c\ld be hir$ = ?reep5ce a day1 an incr$ibly small sum4 8,c>ri]s10 he also records1 8h long cov]$ waggons 9 :i* !y c>ry pass5g]s too & fro2 b ?is k9d ( j\rney+ is v t$i\s2 s t none b wom5 & p ( inf]ior condition travel 9 ?is sort40 ,^! 7 ! /age-waggons :i* 9 due c\rse gave rise to ! /age-coa*es1 :i* 9 _! turn 7 sup]s$$ by ! mail-coa*es4 ,a simil> movem5t 9 ,france gave rise to ! fiacres1 s call$ f ! sign ( ,/4 ,fiacre1 :i* adorn$ "o ( ! pr9cipal inns 9 ,p>is1 9 front ( :i* ! public coa*es /ood4 ,9 ,scotl&1 too1 "o ,h5ry ,&]s51 a native ( ,pom]ania1 _h 9 #afaj be5 grant$ a royal pat5t to provide public coa*es 9 ,scotl&1 & = "s ye>s ran a s]vice betwe5 ,ed9burgh & ,lei?4 ,engl& _h yet to foll[ ,&]s5's example1 b ! hackneys 7 increas+ s rapidly 9 ,london t 9 #afce a proclamation 0 issu$ to suppress !m4 ,& x is to be notic$ t ,taylor's diatribes 7 direct$ m p>ticul>ly aga9/ ^! public conveyances ?an aga9/ ! privately own$ c>riages1 :i*1 aft] all1 c\ld h>dly affect 8 trade4 ,! proclamation 0 z foll[s3-- 8,t ! great numb]s ( ,hackney ,coa*es ( late "t se5 & kept 9 ,london1 ,we/m9/]1 & _! ,suburbs1 & ! g5]al & promiscu\s use ( ,coa*es !re1 7 n only a great di/urbance to 8 ,maje/y1 8 de>e/ ,consort ! ,que51 ! ,nobility1 & o!rs ( place & degree1 9 _! passage ?r\gh ! ,/reets2 b ! ,/reets !mselves 7 s pe/]$1 & ! pavem5ts s brok5 up1 t ! common passage is !reby h9d]$ & m dang]\s2 & ! prices ( hay & prov5d] & o!r provisions ( /able1 !reby made exce$+ de>3 ,:]e=e ,we expressly comm& & =bid1 ,t1 f ! fea/ ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ next com+1 no ,hackney or ,hir$ ,coa*1 be us$ or suff]$ 9 ,london1 ,we/m9/]1 or ! ,suburbs or ,lib]ties !re(1 except+ !y be to travel at lea/ ?ree miles out ( ,london or ,we/m9/]1 or ! ,suburbs !re(4 ,& also1 t no p]son %all g 9 a ,coa* 9 ! said ,/reets1 except ! own] ( ! ,coa* %all con/antly keep up ,f\r able ,horses = our ,s]vice1 :5 requir$40 ,x is dat$ ,janu>y #ai?1 #afce_/f1 & mu/ h _h a consid]able1 if tempor>y1 effect1 = z ,samuel ,pegge po9ts out 9 8 unf9i%$ manuscript on ! e>ly use ( coa*es#be x c\ld n 8op]ate mu* 9 ! ,k+'s fav\r1 z x w\ld h>dly be wor? a ,coa*-ma/]'s :ile to be at s great a cont+5t *>ge z ! keep+ ( f\r horses to be furni%$ at a mom5t's w>n+ = ,8 ,maje/y's occasional employm5t40 ,x 0 !n t ,sir ,saund]s ,duncombe obta9$ 8 monopoly1 &1 ( c\rse1 ev]y?+ 0 9 8 fav\r4 ,! actual pat5t grant$ to him belongs to ! previ\s ye>1 b ! two are approximately contempor>y4 ,f a lett] writt5 9 #afcd to ,"l ,/af=d1 x appe>s t ,duncombe _h 9 t ye> =ty or fifty *airs 8mak+ ready = use40 ,possibly ! :ole ?+ 0 work$ up by ,buck+ham & 8 satellites4 ,duncombe's pat5t gave ! ent]pris+ knight ! "r 8to put =? & lett = hire0 ! new *airs = a t]m ( f\rte5 ye>s4 ,9 8 petition he _h expla9$ t 89 _m p>ts beyond ! seas1 ! p !re are mu* c>ri$ 9 ! ,/reets 9 ,*airs t are cov]$2 by :i* means v few ,coa*es are us$ among/ !m40 ,& s ,duncombe 0 all[$ to 8reap "s fruit & b5efit ( 8 indu/ry10 & might 8recomp5se himself ( ! co/s1 *>ges1 & exp5ces0 to :i* he _h1 or said he _h1 be5 put4 ,= two ye>s ^! cov]$ *airs held ! advantage1 & inde$ seem to h be5 exce$+ly popul>4 ,!re is a mo/ amus+ pamphlet1 :i* ,i h already m5tion$1 8pr9t$ by ,rob]t ,rawor?1 = ,john ,croo*10 9 #afcf1 entitl$ ,coa* & ,s$an pleasantly disput+ = ,place & ,prec$5ce1 ! ,brew]'s ,c>t be+ ,mod]ator4 ,x is sign$ 8,mis-amaxius10 & is d$icat$ 8to ! ,valor\s1 & wor?y all title ( ,honor1 ,s ,elias ,hicks40 8,light /uffe10 ! au?or calls x1 & tells u t he is 8no ord9>y ,pamphlete] 444 onely 9 ,mir? ,i tri$ :at ,i c\ld doe ^u a runn+ subject1 at ! reque/ ( a fri5d 9 ! ,/r&3 ^: leggs1 n s s\nd z 8 ,judgem5t1 en=ce him to keepe 8 ,*amb]1 :]e hee c nei!r sleepe or /udie = ! clatt]+ ( ,coa*es40 ,x is an int]e/+ little production1 bo? = its own :imsicalities & = ! sidelights x af=ds into ! t[n's views on ! subject ( vehicles at ! "t4 ,x />ts ) ! cuckoo w>n+ ! milkmaids ( ,isl+ton to get back to ,f9sburie4 ,! writ]1 accompani$ by a ,fr5*man & a tailor1 walks back to ! city1 & 9 a n>r[ /reet comes across a coa* & a s$an qu>rell+ ab\t :i* ( !m is to 8take ! wall40 8,wee p]ceiv$ two lu/ie fell[es to ju/le = ! wall1 & almo/ readie to fall toge!r by ! e>es1 ! "o 7! less] ( ! two7 0 9 a suite ( gre5e aft] a /range mann]1 w9d[$ be=e & beh9d ) ,is5-glasse1 hav+ two h&some fell[es 9 gre5e coats att5d+ him1 ! "o w5t be=e1 ! o!r came beh9d2 _! coats 7 lac'd d[n ! back ) a gre5e-lace sutable1 s 7 _! halfe sleeves1 :i* p]swad$ me at fir/ !y 7 "s ca/ suites ( _! ,ma/]s2 _! backs 7 h>ness$ ) lea!r c+les1 cut out ( a hide1 z broad z ,dut*-collops ( ,bacon4 8,! o!r 0 a ?ick burly squ>e sett fell[1 9 a d\blet ( ,black-lea!r1 ,brasse-button'd d[n ! bre/1 ,backe1 ,sleeves1 & w+es1 ) mon/r\s wide bootes1 fr+$ at ! top1 ) a net fr+e1 & a r\nd bree* 7aft] ! old fa%ion7 guild$1 & on 8 back-side an ,at*eivem5t ( sundry ,coats 9 _! propp] colors1 qu>t]d ) ,cre/1 ,helme & ,mantle1 besides "h & !re1 on ! sides ( a s+le ,escut*ion or cre/1 ) "s ,emblematicall ,^w or o!r2 ,i suppos$1 !y 7 made ( "s ,p5dants1 or ,bann]s1 t _h be5e /oll51 f ov] "s ,monum5t1 :]e !y _h long hung 9 a ,*ur*4 8,hee _h onely "o man be=e him1 wrapt 9 a r$ cloake1 ) wide sleeves1 turn$ up at ! h&s1 & cudgell'd ?ick on ! backe & %\ld]s ) broad %9+ lace 7n mu* unlike t :i* ,mumm]s make ( /rawe hatts7 & ( ea* side ( him1 w5t a ,lacquay1 ! "o a ,fr5* boy1 ! o!r ,iri%1 all sutable alike3 ,! ,fr5*man 7z ,i le>n$ aft]w>d7 :5 8 ,ma/] 0 9 ! ,c\ntrey1 taught 8 lady & 8 daught] ,fr5*3 ,u%]s !m abroad to publicke meet+s1 & assemblies1 all sav+ ! ,*ur* :i!r %ee nev] came3 ,! o!r w5t on err&s1 help'd ! maide to beate ,bucks1 fet* 9 wat]1 c>ri$ up meate1 & wait$ at ! ,table40 ,! writ] attempts m$iation1 & 8 (f] is fav\rably receiv$4 ,! combatants expla9 :o !y are4 ,! burly fell[ speaks fir/3-- 8,my "n ,sir 7quo? hee7 is ,coa*1 :o am a ,g5tleman ( an anci5te h\se1 z y may p]ceive by my s _m qu>t]'d coates1 ( ,dukes1 ,m>quises1 ,e>les1 ,visc\nts1 ,b>ons1 ,knights1 & ,g5tlem51 !re is nev] a ,"l or ,lady 9 ! l& b is ( my acqua9tance2 my imploym5t is s great1 t ,i am nev] at quiet1 day or night2 ,i am a ,b5efactor to all ,meet+s1 ,play-h\ses1 ,m]c]s %ops1 ,tav]ns1 & "s o!r h\ses ( recreation4444 ,?is o!r t (f]s me ! wrong1 !y call him ,m\nsi] ,s$an1 "s ,mr4 ,*air1 a ,gre5e-goose hat*'d b ! o!r day 444 & :]eas hee is able ) all ! helpe & fur!rance hee c make & devise1 to goe n above a mile 9 an h\re2 z grosse z ,i am1 ,i c runne ?ree or f\re 9 halfe an h\re2 yea1 aft] d9n]1 :5 my belly is z full z x c hold 7& ,i may say to y7 ( da9ty bitts too40 ,:]eupon ! s$an *imes 93-- 8,sir1 ! occasion ( our diff]5ce 0 ?is3 ,:e!r an emptie ,coa*1 t has a ,lords head pa9t$ ,coate & ,cre/1 z ,lion1 ,bull1 ,elephant1 c4 ^u x )\t1 might take ! wall ( a ,s$an t _h a knighte alive )9 x40 ,i confess1 he goes on to say1 ,i am 8a me]e /rang]1 till ( late 9 ,engl&2 !re=e1 if ! ,law ( ,hospitalitie be obs]v$ 7z ,engl& ha? be5e acc\nt$ ! mo/ hospitable k+dome ( ! ,_w17 ,i ought to be ! bett] ent]ta9$1 & us$1 7z ,i am sure ,i %all7 & f9d z good fri5ds1 z ,coa* ha? any1 x is n 8 bigge lookes1 nor 8 nimble tongue1 t s runnes ^u :eeles1 %all sc>e mee2 hee %all "k t ,i am above him bo? 9 e/eeme1 & dignitie1 & h]eaft] w "k my place bett]4444 ,nei!r1 ,i hope1 w any ?9ke ! worse ( mee1 = t ,i am a ,=re9]2 ha? n y\r ,c\ntrey ,coa* ( ,engl& be5 extreemly enri*$ by /rang]s80 ,inde$1 all y\r luxuries1 he cont9ues1 are =eign1 y\r p]fumes are ,italian1 & y\r p]ukes made 9 ,france4 ,= "s "t x seems t ,s$an is gett+ ! be/ ( x4 ,:]eas ! coa*1 he argues1 has to wait out 9 ! cold /reets (t5 = h\rs at a "t1 he is _m times admitt$ into ! privacy ( my ,lady's *amb]1 :]e he is rubb$ clean bo? )9 & )\t4 8,& ! pla9 troa? is10 he concludes1 8,i w no long] bee made a foole by y 444 ! k5ell is y\r naturall walke40 ,at ?is mom5t a c>man appe>s & supports ! s$an4 ,coa*es1 he says1 keep ! t[n awake1 endang] ! lives ( *ildr51 &1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! suburbs1 8be-da% g5tlem5's g[ns40 ,!re !n foll[s a curi\s piece ( dialogue betwe5 ,s$an & ,p[el1 a ,wel%man1 "o ( 8 att5dants3-- 8,s$an4 ,we h our "n f ,s$anum1 or ,s$an1 t fam\s ,citie & ,univ]sitie1 belong+ to ! ,dukes ( ,bevillon1 & :]e hee keepes 8 ,c\rt40 8,p[el4 ,nay1 doe y he>e mee ,ma/]1 x is f ,s$anny1 :i* 9 our ,briti% language1 is a brave1 faire1 da9tie well-fav\r$ ,ladie1 or prettie sweete w5*1 & wee c>rie su* "s "t ,ma/]44440 ,mo/ ( ! morn+ is wa/$ by su* desultory talk1 & ! /reet becomes block$4 ,!re comes on ! sc5e a wat]man1 :o1 ( c\rse1 is equally antagoni/ic to bo?1 & w\ld ?r[ coa* & s$an into ! ,?ames if he 7 n afraid ( block+ ! /ream1 & s br++ h>m to himself4 ,!re foll[s him a c\ntry f>m]1 :o ?9ks ! s$an ! hone/] & humbl] ( ! two1 b really kn[s v little ab\t x4 8,i he>e no great ill ( y10 he is good en\gh to say1 b is b\nd to add1 8,i h _h no acqua9tance ) y\r c[cumb]-cullor'd m540 ,yet 9 ! c\ntry he has 9 8 way tri$ a s$an-*air1 :i* is a 8pla9e :eele-b>r[10 j z 8 c>t is 8 coa* 8:]e9 n[ & !n = my pleasure ,i ride1 my maides go+ along ) me40 ,b if !y bo? come to ,l9coln%ire1 ! s$an1 he ?9ks1 w receive a w>m] welcome ?an ! coa*4 ,aft] him comes a c\ntry vic> :o has no hesitation 9 accus+ ! coa* ( all sorts ( robb]ies4 ,soon1 he cries1 y w be 8turn$ (f40 ,y nev] c>$ = *ur*1 & inde$1 dur+ s]vice1 y di/urb ev]ybody rumbl+ y\r l\de/ outside4 ,also y are s set up t y w nev] give place 8ei!r to c>t or c>re40 ,a surveyor is less p]sonal ?an ! vic>1 b has little good to say ( ! coa*1 al?\gh he agrees ) mo/ ( ! o!rs t = a nobleman ( high rank1 x is some?+ ( a necessity4 ,f9ally ! brew] appe>s & spe$ily puts an end to ! wrangle4 8,) t1 comes up unto u a lu/ie tall fell[1 sitt+ betwe5e two m/r\s great :eeles1 drawne by a great old jade bl9de ( an eie1 9 a lea!r pil*1 two emptie be]e-b>rels ^u a brew]'s sl+s besides him1 & old blew-cap all b$aub'd1 & /9ck+ ) ye/4444 ,my "n is ,be]e-c>t1 quo? hee1 ,i came into ,engl& 9 ,h5ry ! ,sev5?'s "t40 ,& ! decision ( ! c>t is1 ( c\rse1 t bo? coa* & s$an %all give way to him4 ,!y are bo? to ex]cise great c>e1 & ! s$an is to h ! wall4 ,& he adds1 turn+ to ! small] vehicle1 a s5t5ce :i* x is difficult to und]/&4 8,y %all nev]10 he says1 8c>rie ,coa*man aga9e1 = ! fir/ y ev] c>ri$ 0 a ,coa*man1 = :i* y _h l to h suff]d1 _h n y\r ,ma/] be5e m m]cifull40 ,su* qu>rels 7 v frequ5t1 n only at ?is "t1 b "r on ?r\gh ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,swift 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,/ella m5tions an accid5t due to ! c>elessness ( a *airman4 8,! *airman t c>ri$ me10 he says1 8squeez$ a great fell[ aga9/ a wall1 :o wisely turn$ 8 back1 & broke "o ( ! side glasses 9 a ?\s& pieces4 ,i fell a scold+1 pret5d$ ,i 0 l to be cut to pieces1 & made !m set d[n ! *air 9 ! ,p>k1 :ile !y pick$ out ! bits ( glasses3 & :5 ,i paid !m1 ,i qu>rell$ /ill1 s !y d>$ n grumble1 & ,i came (f = my f>e3 b ,i 0 plaguily afraid !y w\ld h said1 ,god bless y\r hon\r1 won't y give u some?+ = our glass80 ,swift 0 ! au?or ( an amus+ satire on ! same subject1 :]e9 coa* & s$an 7 no bett] fri5ds ?an ( old4 ,a ,,conf]5ce ,,betwe5 ,,sir ,,h>ry ,,pi]ce',s ,,*>iot ,,& ,,mrs4 ,d4 ,,/op=d',s ,,*air ,,*>iot 8,my pretty de> ,cuz1 ?o' ,i've rov$ ! t[n o'er1 ,to dispat* 9 an h\r "s visits a score2 ,?\gh1 s9ce fir/ on ! :eels1 ,i've be5 ev]yday ,at ! ',*ange1 at a raffl+1 at *ur*1 or a play2 ,& ! fops ( ! t[n are pleas$ ) ! notion ,( call+ y\r slave ! p]petual motion2-- ,?\gh (t at y\r door ,i h :9$ out my love ,z my knight does gr9 8 at y\r ,lady above2 ,yet1 ne'er be=e ?is ?\gh ,i us$ all my c>e1 ,i e'er 0 s happy to meet my de> ,*air2 ,& s9ce we're s ne>1 l birds ( a fea!r1 ,let's e'en1 z !y say1 set our horses toge!r4 ,,*air 8,by y\r awkw>d address1 y're t ?+ :i* %\ld c>ry1 ,) "o footman beh9d1 our lov] ,sir ,h>ry4 ,by y\r language1 ,i judge1 y ?9k me a w5*2 ,he t makes love to me1 mu/ make x 9 ,fr5*4 ,?\ t's drawn by two bea/s1 & c>ry'/ a brute1 ,can/ ?\ va9ly e'er hope1 ,i'll answ] ?y suit8 ,?\gh sometimes y pret5d to appe> ) y\r six1 ,no reg>d to _! col\r1 _! sexes y mix3 ,!n on ! gr&-paw y'd look v great1 ,) y\r new-fa%ion'd glasses1 & na/y old seat4 ,?us a beau ,i h se5 /rut ) a cock'd hat1 ,& newly rigg'd out1 ) a dirty cravat4 ,y may ?9k t y make a figure mo/ %9+1 ,b x's pla9 t y h an old cloak = a l9+4 ,are ^? d\ble-gilt nails8 ,:]e's ! lu/re ( ,k]ry1 ,to set (f ! ,knight1 & to f9i% ! ,j]ry8 ,if y hope ,i'll be k9d1 y mu/ tell me :at's due ,9 ,george's-lane = y1 ere ,i'll buckle to4 ,,*>iot 8,:y1 h[ n[1 ,doll ,diamond1 y're v al]t2 ,is x y\r ,fr5* bre$+ has made y s p]t8 ,because ,i 0 civil1 "h's a /ir ) a pox3 ,:o is x t values y\r ---- or y\r fox8 ,sure 'tis to h] hon\r1 he ev] %\ld b$ ,8 bloody r$ h& to h] bloody r$ head4 ,y're pr\d ( y\r gild+2 b ,i tell y ea* nail ,is only j t+$ ) a rub at h] tail2 ,& al?\gh x may pass = gold on a n9ny1 ,sure we "k a ,ba? %ill+ soon f a gu9ea4 ,nay1 h] =etop's a *eat2 ea* morn %e does black x1 ,yet1 ere x be night1 x's ! same ) h] placket4 ,i'll ne'er be run d[n any m ) y\r cant2 ,y\r velvet 0 wore be=e 9 a mant1 ,on ! back ( h] "m2 b n[ 'tis mu* dull]1-- ,! fire %e c>ries ha? *ang$ its col\r4 ,^? creatures t draw me y nev] w\ld m9d1 ,if y'd b look on y\r own ,ph>aoh's lean k9e2 ,!y're tak5 = spectres1 !y're s meagre & sp>e1 ,drawn damnably l[ by y\r sorrel m>e4 ,we "k h[ y\r lady 0 on y befri5d$2 ,y're n to be paid = 'till ! lawsuit is end$3 ,b h] bond x is good1 he ne$ n to d\bt2 ,%e is two or ?ree ye>s above be+ out4 ,c\ld my ,knight be advis$1 he %\ld ne'er sp5d 8 vig\r ,on "o he c't hope ( e'er mak+ bigg]40 ,gay seems to h %>$ ! wat]m5's disgu/ at bo? coa* & s$an4 8,box$ )9 ! *air1 contemn ! /reet ,& tru/ _! safety to ano!r's feet10 he says ( ^? will+ to use ! *air4 ,9 ano!r place he is comp>+ ! two3-- 8,! gild$ *>iots :ile !y loll at ease ,& lazily insure a life's disease2 ,:ile s(t] *airs ! tawdry load convey ,to c\rt1 to ,:ite's1 assemblies or ! play40 ,else:]e he exhorts ! p$e/rian to ass]t 8 rights3-- 8,let n ! *airman1 ) assum+ /ride1 ,press ne> ! wall1 & rudely ?ru/ ?y side2 ,! laws h set him b\nds2 8 s]vile feet ,%\ld ne'er encroa* :]e po/s def5d ! /reet40 ,by ?is "t1 h[ev]1 _m *anges 9 ! *airs _h tak5 place4 ,!y seem to h be5 introduc$ into ,p>is 9 #afag by ,m4 de ,montbrun1 ?\gh un=tunately f :5ce ?is g5tleman br\ght !m we are n[h]e in=m$4 ,!y 7 call$ *aises porteurs4 ,possibly ,engli% & ,fr5* *airs 7 at fir/ q simil> to ea* o!r 9 appe>ance--squ>e boxes ) a p5t-h\se--b 9 ! middle ( ! c5tury--9 ,p>is1 at any rate1 !y became f> m elegant 9 =m1 & began to be ornam5t$ & ri*ly uphol/]$4 ,"s ( !m resembl$1 9 %ape1 ! body ( ! mod]n hansom-cab4 ,?is 0 p>ticul>ly ! case ) a new c>riage1 introduc$ ab\t #affh1 call$ ! br\ette 7:eelb>r[71 r\lette1 or vanaigrette1 :i* 0 m]ely a s$an ^u two :eels4 ,x 0 drawn 9 ! usual way by a man1 & 0 an e>ly =m ( t vehicle :i* /ill survives 9 ! ,ea/ z ! j9-rick-%aw4 ,! br\ette held b "o p]son1 its :eels 7 l>ge1 & its two poles project$ "s way 9 front4 ,"o ,dup9 0 app>5tly ! only p]son to manufacture !m1 & aft] 8 fir/ exp]im5ts he appli$ 8two elb[-spr+s b5ea? ! front1 & atta*$ !m to ! axle-tree by long %ackles1 ! axle-tree work+ up & d[n 9 a groove b5ea? ! inside-seat40 ,?is improvem5t is ( m ?an ord9>y int]e/ 9 s f> z x is ! fir/ m5tion ( /eel spr+s to c>riages4 ,9 ! ord9>y coa*es ^! /eel spr+s 7 fir/ appli$ b5ea? ! bottom ( ! body4 ,!y 7 probably =m$ out ( a s+le piece ( metal4 ,9 ! case ( ! br\ette !re 0 ! usual opposition--?is "t f ! proprietors ( ! ord9>y s$ans--b al?\gh a tempor>y prohibition 0 made1 ! br\ette triumph$1 & 9 #afga 0 a common sight 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is4 ,x 0 n v suitable = decoration4 ,z "o ,fr5* writ] rem>ks1 x 0 en\gh if ! ma*9e 7 solidly con/ruct$4 ,! br\ette _h w9d[s at ! sides & a small support 9 front ( ! :eels to all[ ! c>riage to ma9ta9 its prop] position :5 n held up by an att5dant4 ,! br\ette does n seem to h come imm$iately to ,engl&1 ?\gh 9 ! eighte5? c5tury !re 0 a s$an c>t1 simil> 9 appe>ance to x1 to be se5 9 ,london4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ord9>y s$ans 7 rapidly ga9+ 9 popul>ity1 & ma9ta9$ t popul>ity "r ?r\gh ! reigns ( ! fir/ ?ree ,georges4 ,illu/ration3 ,neapolitan ,s$an ,*air ,e>ly ,sixte5? ,c5tury 7,at ,s\? ,k5s+ton7 ,9 appe>ance !y became r m graceful t[>ds ! middle ( ! c5tury1 ?\gh less s 9 lat] days4 ,! public *airs 7 g5]ally made ( black or d>k gre5 lea!r1 ornam5t$ ) gold 8bead+10 ! frame & ro(1 :i* _h a d\ble slope1 be+ ( wood1 z 0 also ! small squ>e w9d[-frame4 ,private *airs1 h[ev]1 c\ld be z gorge\s z ! own] pleas$1 ?\gh 9 ?is respect cont95tal *airs f> surpass$ our own4 ,at ,p>is are %[n two magnific5t *airs :i* belong$ to ,l\is ,,xv4 8,^!10 says ,croal1 8h glass w9d[s 9 side & front1 ?r\gh :i* ! sumptu\s l9+ ( crimson velvet is disc]nible4 ,! outside is beautifully pa9t$ & gilt1 & ?\gh n[ some:at fad$1 ! spl5d\r ( ! vehicles c be imag9$1 ev5 9 _! decay4 ,! gorge\sly attir$ k+ )91 or x might be ! que5 or "s reign+ fav\rite1 w\ld be att5d$ by a gay escort ( g5tlem5 ( ! c\rt1 ) a cr[d ( be>]s & lacqueys1 n to speak ( arm$ gu>ds1 ^: liv]ies probably equall$ 9 gr&eur ! c\rtly habits ( ! great] m5 :o surr\nd$ ! royal *air40 ,at ,s\? ,k5s+ton a private ,engli% *air ( ab\t #agfj is %[n1 8r h&somely ornam5t$ 9 ormolu1 ! sides be+ divid$ into f\r panels1 b )\t w9d[s4 ,9 =m10 cont9ues ,croal1 8! *air may be describ$ z #8c>riage-bodi$1' n be+1 z ! lat] *airs1 squ>e at ! bottom4 ,at ! two front corn]s heavy tassels are hung1 & ?r\gh ! door 9 front x c be se5 t ! int]ior l9+ is ( figur$ damask4 ,! be>+ r+s ?r\gh :i* ! poles pass$ are ( brass40 ,?is1 h[ev]1 _c comp>e ) an ,italian nobleman's l>ge conveyance ( ! e>ly eighte5? c5tury :i* %[s a pr(usion ( gold filigree "w on ! ro( t calls to m9d no?+ s /rongly z a ,busz>d w$d+-cake4 ,x belong$ to a memb] ( ! ,gr& ,ducal family ( ,tuscany1 by :om x 0 us$ on baptismal occasions4 ,"h1 besides ! gilt "w on ! ro(1 !re is a m$allion-pa9t+ ( figures 9 antique co/ume ov] ! door4 ,! walls are pa9t$ a pale ,fr5* grey 8) elaborately c>v$ m\ld+s r\nd ! panels1 ) gr\ps ( fl[]s pa9t$ 9 ! middle4 ,! int]ior is l9$ ) sat9 correspond+ to ! pa9t+ outside1 be+ 9 gold & col\rs ^u a pale gr\nd40 ,! *airm5 d n seem to h be5 a p>ticul>ly agreeable lot ( fell[s4 ,9 ,london !y 7 g5]ally ,iri% or ,wel%4 ,!y 7 (t5 drunk1 (t5 c>eless1 & ne>ly always uncivil4 ,says ,gay3-- 8,! drunk5 *airman 9 ! k5nel spurns1 ,! glasses %att]1 & 8 *>ge o'erturns40 ,9 ,ed9burgh1 h[ev]1 :]e !re 7 n9ety *airs 9 #agch1 ! *airm5 7 ,highl&]s & r m civil4 8,an inhabitant ( ,ed9burgh10 says ,hugh ,arnot 9 8 hi/ory ( t city 7#aghi71 8:o visits ! metropolis c h>dly suppress 8 laught] at see+ ! awkw>d hobble ( a /reet *air 9 ! city ( ,london40 ,we le>n f ,m>kl& t 9 #agdj a *air 9 ,ed9burgh c\ld be hir$ = f\r %ill+s a day or tw5ty %ill+s a week4#bf ,9 ,london1 accord+ to ,george ,selwyn1 y c\ld be c>ri$ ?ree miles = a %ill+4#bg ,9 ,ed9burgh1 aga91 :]e *airs 7 us$ at a lat] date ?an any:]e 9 ,engl&1 rules 7 made = ! public conv5i5ce 9 #agdj1 ! mo/ int]e/+ ( ^! be+ "o :i* =bade a soldi] 9 ! s]vice ( ! city gu>d to c>ry a *air at any "t4 ,by #aghi _! numb]s _h increas$ to #bch1 includ+ fifty privately own$4 ,scatt]$ m5tion ( !m occurs among/ ,briti% au?ors4 ,/eele1 9 "o ( 8 ,tatl] pap]s1 proposes to levy a tax ^u !m1 & regrets t ! sumptu>y laws ( ! old ,romans h nev] be5 reviv$4 ,! *airm51 or 8slaves ( ! ri*10 he says1 8take up ! :ole /reet1 :ile we ,p]ipatetics are v glad to wat* an opportunity to :isk across a passage1 v ?ankful t we are n run ov] = int]rupt+ ! ma*9e1 t c>ries 9 x a p]son nei!r m h&some1 wise1 nor valiant1 ?an ! meane/ ( u40 ,mat!w ,bramble 9 ,humphrey ,cl9k] is made to draw a wret*$ picture ( ! *airs :i* ab\nd$ 9 ,ba? at ! middle ( ! c5tury3-- 8,! valetud9>ian10 he writes1 8is c>ri$ 9 a *air1 betwixt ! heels ( a d\ble r[ ( horses1 w9c+ "u ! curry-combs ( grooms & po/ilions1 ov] & above ! haz>d ( be+ ob/ruct$ or ov]turn$ by ! c>riages :i* are cont9ually mak+ _! exit or _! entrance4 ,i suppose1 aft] "s *airm5 %all h be5 maim$1 & a few lives lo/ by ^? accid5ts1 ! corporation w ?9k 9 e>ne/ ab\t provid+ a m safe & commodi\s passage4444 ,if1 in/ead ( ! areas & iron rails1 :i* seem to be ( v little use1 !re _h be5 a corridor ) arcades all r\nd1 z 9 ,cov5t ,g>d51 ! appe>ance ( ! :ole w\ld h be5 m magnific5t & /rik+2 ^? arcades w\ld h af=d$ an agreeable cov]$ walk1 & %elt]$ ! poor *airm5 & _! c>riages f ! ra91 :i* is "h almo/ p]petual4 ,at pres5t ! *airs /& soak+ 9 ! op5 /reet f morn+ to night1 till !y become s _m boxes ( wet lea!r1 = ! b5efit ( ! g\ty & rheumatic1 :o are transport$ 9 !m f place to place4 ,inde$1 ?is is a %ock+ inconv5i5ce1 t ext5ds ov] ! :ole city2 & ,i am p]suad$ x produces inf9ite mis*ief to ! delicate & infirm4 ,ev5 ! close *airs1 contriv$ = ! sick1 by /&+ 9 ! op5 air1 h _! fr+e l9+s impregnat$1 l s _m sponges1 ) ! moi/ure ( ! atmosph]e40 ,x 0 to ,ba? t ,pr9cess ,amelia 0 c>ri$ 9 a s$an by eight *airm5 f ,/4 ,james's1 9 ,april1 #agbh4 ,?is mu/ easily h be5 ! longe/1 &1 s f> z ! *airm5 7 conc]n$1 ! mo/ we>isome j\rney ev] p]=m$ by a *air4 ,illu/ration3 8,! ,social ,p9*0 ,by ,john ,kay ,illu/ration3 ,s$ans 9 8,! ,pres5t ,age0 ,by ,l4 ,p4 ,boit>d 7#agfg7 ,john ,wilkes m5tions 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to 8 daught] t he asc5d$ ,mont ,c5is 9 a *air 8c>ri$ by two m5 & assi/$ by f\r m40 8,?is10 he says1 80 n a s$an *air1 b a small wick] *air ) two long poles2 !re is no cov]+ ( any k9d to x40 ,su* op5 *airs seem to h be5 v uncommon1 & 71 ,i imag9e1 unkn[n 9 ,engl&4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 _h m glass ?an o!rs1 & _! size fluctuat$4 ,fa%ionable ladies mu/ h f\nd a difficulty 9 gett+ into a public *air ( ! ord9>y size at ! "t ( ! l>ge hoop petticoat1 & !re is a satiric pr9t1 dat$ #agcc1 :i* %[s a lady ?us attir$1 be+ haul$ out ?r\gh ! op5$ ro( ( "o ) ropes & pulleys4 ,simil>ly1 :5 =ty or fifty ye>s lat] ! head-dress ( ! wom5 became s enorm\s1 a ludicr\s pr9t appe>$ %[+ a pat5t arrangem5t :]eby ! ro( ( a *air c\ld be rais$ on rods to z great a height z 0 requir$4 ,9 g5]al ! ro( op5$ upw>ds1 be+ h+$ at ! back4 ,?is is cle>ly %[n 9 a pr9t publi%$ 9 #agfh1 call$ ,! ,female ,orators1 9 :i* a cl]gyman is /epp+ out ( 8 *air1 & ! *airm5 v obvi\sly dem&+ _! f>e4 ,ano!r pr9t publi%$ ab\t #aghf1 call$ ! ,social ,p9*1 %[s a v fam\s *airman1 ,donald ,k5n$y1 (f]+ 8 8mull0 to ,donald ,balack1 a native ( ,ross-%ire1 :om he _h j set d[n4 ,"h ! /ructure ( ! public *air 9 use at ?is date is cle>ly %[n4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 h[ev]1 ! *air z a mode ( conveyance 0 on ! wane4 ,f5imore ,coop] 9 8 ,sket*es ( ,engli% ,society 7#ahcg7 0 able to write3 8,s$an *airs appe> to h f9ally disappe>$ f ,/4 ,james' ,/reet4 ,ev5 9 #ahbf ,i saw a /& ( !m t has s9ce vani%$4 ,! *airs may /ill be us$ on p>ticul> occasions1 b 7 ,cecilia n[ 9 exi/5ce1 %e w\ld f9d x difficult to be set d[n 9 ,mrs4 ,b5field's entry f a ma*9e s lumb]+40 ,:i* sugge/s t ! *air _h n only deg5]at$ 9 numb]s1 b also 9 appe>ance4 ,!y _h become l>g] & unc\? 9 ,coop]'s day4 ,"o is rem9d$ ( t *air 9 ,pickwick1 :i* 8hav+ be5 orig9ally built = a g\ty g5tleman ) fund$ prop]ty1 w\ld hold ,mr4 ,pickwick & ,mr4 ,tupman at lea/ z com=tably z a mod]n po/-*aise40 ,yet s late z #agge ! popul>ity ( ! *air _h be5 at its highe/4 ,x 0 ! old /ory4 ,) ! new c5tury 7 com+ new ideas4 ,! *air sl[ly & q naturally 0 dropp+ out ( exi/5ce4 ,9 ,ed9burgh1 z ,i h said1 x l+]$ on = r a long] "t4 ,9 #ahjf /r+5t regulations 7 /ill requir$4 ,^? *airs :i* ma9ta9$ _! /& at night _h to h 8a light fix$ on ! =e "p ( "o ( ! poles40 ,on ! occasion ( a fire or a mob ! *airm5 _h to hurry to ! sc5e ( excitem5t1 & !re await ! magi/rate's ord]s4 ,!y 7 n all[$ to *>ge m ?an n9ep5ce a mile1 sev5-&-six a day1 or a gu9ea & a half a week4 ,su* rates1 too1 cont9u$ to be set out 9 ! ,ed9burgh ,almanac until #ahcj4 ,aft] t comes an om9\s sil5ce4 ,by t "t only ! private *air 0 9 use4 8,lady ,don10 says ,"l ,cockburn 9 8 ,memorials1 80 ab\t ! la/ p]son 7s f> z ,i recollect7 9 ,ed9burgh1 :o kept a private s$an *air4 ,h]s /ood 9 ! lobby & 0 z h&some & com=table z silk1 velvet1 & gild+ c\ld make x4 ,& :5 %e wi%$ to use x two well-kn[n respectable *airm51 envelop$ 9 h] liv]y cloaks1 7 ! envy ( h] sup]annuat$ bre?r54 ,%e & ,mrs4 ,ro*ead bo? sat 9 ,tron ,*ur*2 & well d ,i rememb] h[ ,i us$ to =m "o ( ! clu/] t always took its /ation to see ^! beautiful relics em]ge f coa* & *air40 ,! "t1 inde$1 _h come :5 ! sight ( a *air 0 z mu* a public ent]ta9m5t z x _h be5 :5 ,buck+ham _h be5 borne ?r\gh ! /reets 8on m5's %\ld]s40 ,yet al?\gh !y s rapidly disappe>$ (f ! face ( ,europe1 9 ,asia !y lo/ little ( _! popul>ity1 & 9 _m places to-day are ! only me?ods ( conveyance 9 common use4 ,*9a1 9 p>ticul>1 _h long be5 a l& ( s$ans4 ,john ,b>r[ 9 8 ,collection ( ,au!ntic1 ,useful1 & ,ent]ta9+ ,voyages & ,discov]ies1 #agfe1 m5tions ! fact t at an e>ly date ! ,*9ese 8small cov]$ c>riages on two :eels1 n unlike 9 appe>ance to our fun]al he>ses1 b only ab\t half _! l5g?10 _h be5 sup]s$$ by *airs4 ,to a ,european1 he relates1 ?is 0 h>dly surpris+1 z ! c>riage 0 any?+ b com=table1 & requir$ y to sit on y\r haun*es at ! bottom--8! mo/ uneasy vehicle t c be imag9$40 8#8,! ,*9ese1' records ano!r eighte5?-c5tury travell]1 #8occasionally travel on horseback1 b _! be/ l& conveyance by f> is ! s$an1 a vehicle :i* c]ta9ly exi/s among !m 9 p]fection4 ,:e!r view$ ) reg>d to lightness1 com=t1 or any o!r quality associat$ ) su* mode ( c>riage1 !re is no?+ s conv5i5t else:]e4 ,two be>]s place ^u _! %\ld]s ! poles1 :i* are ?9 & ela/ic & 9 %ape some?+ l ! %afts ( a gig1 connect$ ne> ! ends1 & 9 ?is mann] !y proce$ =w>d ) a measur$ /ep 9 an almo/ imp]ceptible motion1 & sometimes ) consid]able spe$4 ,in/ead ( panels1 ! sides & back ( ! *air consi/ ( wooll5 clo? = ! sake ( lightness ) a cov]+ ( oilclo? aga9/ ra94 ,! front is clos$ ) a hang+ bl9d ( ! same mat]ials 9 lieu ( a door1 ) a circul> ap]ture ( gauze to see ?r\gh4444 ,private p]sons among ! ,*9ese are re/rict$ to two be>]s1 ord9>y magi/rates to f\r1 & ! vic]oys to eight1 :ile ! ,emp]or alone is great en\gh to require sixte54'0 ,!re is fur!r m5tion ( ^! ,*9ese *airs 9 ,oliphant's mu* lat] acc\nt ( ,"l ,elg9's mission4 ,"l ,elg9 himself travell$ 9 a *air ( ! k9d usually res]v$ = m&>9s ( ! highe/ rank1 :i* 0 l>g] ?an ^? 9 ord9>y use & _h a f9e brass knob on ! top4 ,eight be>]s c>ri$ x4 ,9 processions a hwakea\ or fl[]$ *air 0 (t5 us$4 ,japan1 too1 _h e>ly _h s$ans bo? = travell+ & = m purely c]emonial purposes4 ,light bamboo *airs1 !y 71 call$ kangoes or norimons1 :i* 7 borne by two or m p]sons4 ,on ! introduction ( ! ,european coa*1 h[ev]1 a k9d ( br\ette1 z ,i h said1 0 sub/itut$1 & 9 a few ye>s !re 7 hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( ^! j9-rick-%aws on ! /reets1 n only 9 ,japan1 b ?r\gh\t ,asia4 ,at fir/ _m ( ^! 7 grotesquely adorn$1 b _! appe>ance is too well-kn[n at ! pres5t day = ne$ ( a l5g?y description4 ,equipp$ ) 8e mod]n conv5i5ce0 & v well built inde$1 !y af=d a ,european a delightful s5sation on 8 fir/ ride1 ev5 ?\gh he may h visions ( ^? e>li] days ( 8 y\? :5 he 0 c>ri$ ab\t 9 a simil> way 7?\gh at a less spe$7 9 ! homely p]ambulator4 ,*apt] ! ,fif? ,,sev5te5?-,,c5tury ,,innovations 8,we took our coa*1 two coa*m5 & f\r horses1 ,& m]rily f ,london made our c\rses4 ,we :eel'd ! top ( ?' heavy hill call$ ,holborne 7,up :i* ha? be5 full _m a s9ful s\le borne17 ,& s along we jolt$ pa/ ,/4 ,gileses1 ,:i* place f ,bra9=d six 7or ne>e7 sev5 miles is40 ,taylor4 ,! sev5te5? c5tury saw great *anges 9 vehicul> design4 ,9 #affj ! fir/ b]l9 0 made4 ,/eel spr+s1 z we h se51 appe>$ a few ye>s lat] 9 ! br\ette4 ,ab\t ?is "t1 too1 a hood$ gig or cal*e made its appe>ance 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is1 ! fir/ ( _m c>riages to be built ^u entirely new l9es4 ,glass w9d[s & complete doors 7 us$ 9 ! coa*es1 bo? public & private1 :i* became small]1 m compact1 & c]ta9ly m graceful4 ,improvem5ts 7 n conf9$ to "o c\ntry1 b proce$$ simultane\sly n only 9 v>i\s ,european c\ntries1 b also 9 ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,roads1 too1 7 improv$1 & laws = ! regulation ( traffic fram$ ) "s regul>ity & effect4 ,john ,evelyn 9 8 ,di>y gives int]e/+ glimpses ( su* c>riages & o!r vehicles z he saw dur+ 8 sev]al ,european t\rs4 ,9 ,brussels 7#afda7 he 0 all[$ ! use ( ,sir ,h5ry de ,vic's coa* & six1 & travell$ luxuri\sly 9 x z f> z ,gh5t4 8,on ! way10 he notes1 8,i met ) div]s little waggons1 prettily contriv$1 & full ( p$dl+ m]*&ize1 drawn by ma/iff dogs1 h>ness$ completely l s _m coa*-horses2 9 "s f\r1 9 o!rs six1 z 9 ,brussels itself ,i _h obs]v$4 ,9 ,antw]p ,i saw1 z ,i rememb]1 f\r dogs draw five lu/y *ildr5 9 a *>iot40 ,:5 dogs 7 fir/ us$ = ! purpose ( traction does n appe>1 b !y are /ill to be se5 9 ! ,ne!rl&s 9 a l capacity4 ,a few days lat]1 to cont9ue ) ,evelyn's obs]vations1 he 0 go+ f ,o/5d to ,dunkirk 8by waggon 444 ! j\rney be+ made all on ! sea s&s40 ,on 8 return to ,engl&1 h[ev]1 x is to be notic$ t he rode po/ to ,cant]bury4 ,9 #afdc he 0 aga9 9 ,p>is1 m5tion+ 8! multitude ( coa*es pass+ e mom5t ov] ! bridge10 ?is be+1 he says1 to a new spectator1 8an agreeable div]sion40 ,9 ! foll[+ ye>1 :ile /&+ 9 ! g>d5 ( ! ,tuil]ies1 he saw 8s _m coa*es z "o w\ld h>dly ?9k c\ld be ma9ta9$ 9 ! :ole city1 go+ late z x 01 t[>ds ! c\rse0--! fa%ionable r5dezv\s ( ! day--8! circle be+ capable ( conta9+ a hundr$ coa*es to turn commodi\sly1 & ! l>g] ( ! plantations = five or six coa*es abrea/40 ,! road f ,p>is to ,orleans he describes z 8excell5t40 ,com+ to ,italy1 he f\nd ,milan1 9 spite ( ! n>r[ness ( its /reets1 ab\nd+ 9 ri* coa*es4 ,9 ,p>is aga91 two or ?ree ye>s aft]w>ds1 ! design ( a new coa* s took 8 fancy t he det]m9$1 l 8 fri5d ,mr4 ,pepys1 to possess "o = himself4 ,& s on ,may #bi?1 #afeb1 8,i w5t10 he writes1 8to give ord]s ab\t a coa* to be made aga9/ my wife's com+1 be+ my fir/ coa*1 ! patt]n :]e( ,i br\ght out ( ,p>is40 ,?is 0 probably 8boot$10 b diff]$ f ! e>li] coa*es 9 hav+ a curv$ ro(4 ,! commone/ ,fr5* coa* ( ?is "t seems to h be5 ! corbill>d1 a flat-bottom$1 half-op51 half-close coa*1 furni%$ ) curta9s ( clo? or lea!r 9 ! front "p4 ,^! 7 m]ely ti$ on to ! supports1 & w\ld roll up :5 requir$4 ,doors !re 7 none1 b !re 0 a 8movable rail1 ov] :i* a lea!r scre5 0 hung0 at ! back portion ( ! c>riage1 :i* 0 ab\t six feet long1 & "h 7 ! seats4 ,!re 7 also project+ movable /ep-seats4 ,possibly ,evelyn saw a new] model ) a curv$ bottom & door half-way up1 panell$ 9 ! l[] "p1 b curta9$ above4 ,su* a c>riage 0 hung l[1 & w\ld h swung f side to side1 giv+ su* pass5g]s z 7 8bad sailors0 a fit ( nausea4 ,! ,engli%-design$ coa*es ( ?is "t1 ?\gh )\t glass w9d[s1 7 almo/ completely enclos$1 &1 comp>$ ) ! new *>iots1 :i* 7 j ^u mak+ _! appe>ance1 ( a huge size4 ,9 _m ( !m ?ree p c\ld sit abrea/1 & sev5 or eight f9d room = !mselves4 ,9 #afda :5 ,*>les ,i pass$ ?r\gh ,london on 8 return f ,scotl&1 8 0 ! only coa* 9 ! royal procession1 b sev5 p1 includ+ ,8 ,maje/y1 7 driv+1 app>5tly 9 com=t1 )9 x4 ,! ,commonweal? produc$ no new c>riage1 al?\gh isolat$ exp]im5ts 7 already be+ made4 ,cromwell himself 0 wont to drive 8 own coa* & six 8= recreation-sake0 9 ,hyde ,p>k1 !n z n[ a fa%ionable resort4 8,:5 my ,"l ,protector's coa*10 wrote ,misson1 a ,fr5*man !n on a visit to ,engl&1 8came into ! ,p>k ) ,colonel ,+leby & my ,"l's ?ree daught]s1 ! coa*es & horses flock$ ab\t !m l "s miracle4 ,b !y gallop$ 7aft] ! mode c\rt-pace n[7 r\nd & r\nd ! ,p>k1 & all t great multitude hunt$ !m & caught !m /ill at ! turn l a h>e1 & !n made a lane ) all rev]5t ha/e = !m1 & s aft] !m aga91 & ,i nev] saw ! l 9 my life40 ,cromwell's desire to play coa*man once l$ to an accid5t :i* might h be5 s]i\s4 ,! p>ticul>s are giv5 9 a lett] f ! ,dut* ,ambassador to ! ,/ates-,g5]al1 dat$ ,octob] #af?1 #afed3-- 8,8 ,highness1 only accompani$ ) secret>y ,?urloe & "s few ( 8 g5tlem5 & s]vants1 w5t to take ! air 9 ,hyde ,p>k1 :5 he caus$ "s di%es ( meat to be br\ght1 :5 he _h 8 d9n]2 & aft]w>ds _h a m9d to drive ! coa* himself4 ,hav+ put only ! secret>y into x10 he :ipp$ up 8^? six grey horses1 :i* ! ,c\nt ( ,old5burgh _h pres5t$ unto ,8 ,highness1 :o drove pretty h&somely = "s "t4 ,b at la/1 provok+ ^! horses too mu* ) ! :ip1 !y grew unruly & ran s fa/ t ! po/illion c\ld n hold !m 91 :]eby ,8 ,highness 0 flung out ( ! coa* ^u ! pole4444 ,! secret>y's ankle 0 hurt leap+ out1 & he keeps 8 *amb]40 ,illu/ration3 ,coa* 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ,i 7,f 8,coa* & ,s$an ,pleasantly ,disput+07 ,illu/ration3 ,coa* 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ,,ii 7,f ,?rupp's 8,hi/ory ( ,coa*es07 8,f ?is10 comm5ts ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 :o quotes ! lett]1 8x is evid5t t :5 six horses 7 us$ a po/illion rode "o ( ! lead]s & controll$ !m2 :ile ! driv] manag$ ! :eel]s & middle pair4 ,:5 f\r horses 7 driv510 he cont9ues1 8x 0 ! cu/om to h two outrid]s1 "o to ride at ! lead]s' heads1 & "o at ! two :eel]s'4 ,9 t[n ?is w\ld be m]ely display1 b on a j\rney ! outrid]s' horses might replace ^? ( ! team 9 case ( accid5t1 or1 m frequ5tly1 be add$ to !m to help drag ! coa* ov] a /ret* ( bad road40 ,x is j possible t ?is coa* :i* 0 ov]turn$ by ,cromwell's faulty driv+ is at pres5t 9 exi/5ce1 repair$1 ( c\rse1 & r$ecorat$1 &1 incid5tally1 pa9t$ by ,cipriani1 z ,mr4 ,speak]'s coa*4 ,?is und\bt$ly belongs to ! p]iod1 & "o writ] actually commits himself to ! /atem5t t ! two are id5tical4 ,a common] report assigns ! ,speak]'s coa* 9 ! fir/ place to ,l5?all1 ,cromwell's ,speak]4 ,:atev] be its hi/ory1 ! coa* is a f9e example ( ,jacobean "w4 ,x is ( c>v$ oak1 ! body be+ hung ^u lea!r braces4 ,! workman%ip1 ,mr4 ,oakley ,williams ?9ks1#bh is ,flemi%4 ,cipriani's "w1 add$ late 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 is /ill 9 good pres]vation4 ,five p c com=tably sit inside4 8,! ,speak]10 says ,mr4 ,williams1 8presumably occupi$ ! seat ( hon\r alone4 ,opposite him sat 8 ,*apla9 & ! ,s]geant-at-,arms4 ,= ! accommodation ( 8 o!r att5dants 444 a l[ b5* is arrang$ across ! floor ( ! coa*1 ) a semicircul> space = ! legs ( its occupants scoop$ out aga9/ ei!r door0--relic1 ( c\rse1 ( ! boot4 8,! coa*10 he cont9ues1 aft] m5tion+ t ! ,speak] always has 8 own arms pa9t$ on ! side ( ! body1 & is all[$ an escort ( a s+le ,lifegu>dsman1 8weighs two tons "o hundr$weight & sev]al p\nds1 yet = all its size x s beautifully hung & balanc$ t an able-bodi$ man 0 able )\t undue ef=t to draw x out = my inspection4 ,its coa*-h\se is "o ( ! vaults 9 ! inn] c\rty>d ( ! ,h\se ( ,lords40 ,bo? orig9 & subsequ5t hi/ory ( ?is coa*1 h[ev]1 are wrapp$ 9 an imp5etrable my/]y4 ,cromwell's mi%ap naturally gave ! ,royali/ writ]s an opportunity = satire4 ,clevel& wrote ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,! :ip aga92 away6 'tis too absurd ,t ?\ %\ld la% ) :ipcord n[1 b sword4 ,i'm pleas$ to fancy h[ ! glad compact ,( ,hackney coa*m5 sne] at ! la/ act4 ,h>k6 h[ ! sc(f+ conc\rse h5ce d]ives ,! prov]b1 #8,ne$s mu/ g :5 ?' devil drives4' ,yond] a :isp] cries1 #8',tis a pla9 case ,he turn$ u out to put himself 9 place2 ,b1 ,god-a-m]cy1 horses once = aye ,/ood to 't1 & turn$ him out z well z we4' ,ano!r1 n beh9d him ) 8 mocks1 ,cries out1 #8,sir1 fai?1 y 7 9 ! wrong box4' ,he did presume to rule because1 =soo?1 ,he's be5 a horse-comm&] s9ce 8 y\?1 ,b he mu/ "k !re's a diff]5ce 9 ! re9s ,( horses f$ ) oats & f$ ) gra9s4 ,i wond] at 8 frolic1 = be sure ,f\r hamp]'d coa*-horses c fl+ a brew]2 ,b pride w h a fall2 su* ! _w's c\rse is4 ,he :o c rule ?ree realms c't guide f\r horses2 ,see him t trampell'd ?\s&s 9 _! gore2 ,dism\nt$ by a p>ty b ( f\r4 ,b we h done ) 't1 & we may call ,! driv+ ,jehu1 ,phaeton 9 8 fall4 ,i wi% to ,god1 = ^! ?ree k+doms' sake1 ,8 neck1 & n ! :ip1 _h giv'n ! crack40 ,evelyn met ) a simil> mi%ap1 b =tunately escap$ injury4 ,he1 too1 0 accu/om$ to ride 9 ,hyde ,p>k1 & on "o occasion is grumbl+ t 8e coa*0 !re 80 made to pay a %ill+1 & a horse sixp5ce1 by a sordid fell[ :o _h pur*as$ x ( ! ,/ate1 z !y call$ x40 ,su* exp]im5ts z 7 be+ made 9 ?is c\ntry 7 9 ! direction ( a saf] & swift] vehicle ?an ^? 9 g5]al use4 ,s e>ly z #afbe1 "o ,edw>d ,knapp _h be5 grant$ a pat5t = 8hang+ ! bodies ( c>riages on spr+s ( /eel40 ,app>5tly ,knapp 0 :olly unsuccessful1 b =ty ye>s lat] ,colonel ,blunt1 work+ ^u simil> l9es1 produc$ sev]al c>riages :i*1 if n entirely satisfactory 9 !mselves1 l$ ! way t[>ds a wid] appreciation ( ! problems 9 "q4 ,if1 z seems probable1 he 0 id5tical ) ! ,blunt or ,bl\nt ( ,wicklem>%1 ne> ,blackhea? 7aft]w>ds ,sir ,h>ry ,bl\nt71 :o _h travell$ ext5sively 9 ,turkey & else:]e1 x may be t he _h br\ght back ) him sev]al cont95tal curiosities4 ,we he>1 inde$1 ( a ,fr5* *>iot 9 8 possession4 ,9 #afeg ! ,colonel 0 mak+ exp]im5ts ) a 8way-wis]0 or 8adomet]0 :i* exactly 8measur$ ! miles 444 %[+ ^! by an index z we w5t on4 ,x _h ?ree circles1 "o po9t+ to ! numb] ( rods1 ano!r to ! miles1 by #aj to #ajjj1 ) all ! subdivisions ( qu>t]s2 v pretty10 op9es ,evelyn1 8& useful40 ,?is seems to h be5 ! fir/ in/rum5t ( ! k9d1 & is ov]look$ by ,beckmann 9 8 acc\nt ( su* contrivances4 ,! ,colonel's "w 0 br\ght to ! notice ( ! newly =m$ ,royal ,society1 & a committee 0 =m$ to inve/igate x4 ,! fir/ model %[n to ?is committee 0 ( 8a *>iot ) f\r spr+s1 e/eem$ by him v easy bo? to ! rid] & ! horse1 & at ! same "t *eap40 ,! ,committee also exam9$ ! designs ( ,dr4 ,rob]t ,hooke1 a di/+ui%$ memb] ( ! ,society1 & ,pr(essor ( ,geometry at ,gre%am ,college1 :o 8produc$ ! model ( a *>iot ) two :eels & %ort d\ble spr+s to be driv5 by "o horse2 ! *air ( x be+ s fix$ ^u two spr+s t ! p]son sitt+ j ov] or r a little beh9d ! axle-tree 01 :5 ! exp]im5t 0 made at ,colonel ,blunt's h\se1 c>ri$ ) z mu* ease z "o c\ld be 9 ! ,fr5* *>iot )\t at all bur!n+ ! horse40#bi ,dr4 ,hooke %[$ 8two drafts ( ?is model hav+ ?is circum/antial diff]5ce--"o ( ^! 0 contriv$ s t ! boy sitt+ on a seat made = him beh9d ! *air & guid+ ! re9s ov] ! top ( x1 drives ! horse4 ,! o!r by plac+ ! *air beh9d & ! saddle on ! horse's back be+ to be borne up by ! %afts1 t ! boy rid+ on x & driv+ ! horse %\ld be little or no burd5 to ! horse40 ,! ,colonel cont9u$ exp]im5t+ bo? ) ! old] coa*es & a new light *>iot4 ,9 #affe ,mr4 ,pepys 0 tak5 to see an improvem5t ( 8 on a coa*4 8,i met my ,"l ,br\nck]1 ,sir ,fr$]ick ,murrey1 ,dean ,wilk9s1 & ,mr4 ,hooke1 go+ by coa* to ,colonel ,blunt's to d9n]4444 ,no extraord9>y d9n]1 nor any o!r ent]ta9m5t good2 b aft]w>ds to ! tryal ( "s exp]im5ts ab\t mak+ ( coa*es easy4 ,& sev]al we tri$2 b "o did prove mighty easy1 n "h = me to describe1 b ! :ole body ( ! coa* lies ^u "o long spr+1 & we all1 "o aft] ano!r1 rid 9 x2 & x is v f9e & likely to take40 ,a few mon?s lat] ,pepys saw ! new *>iot itself4 8,aft] d9n] comes ,colonel ,blunt 9 8 new *>iot made ) spr+s2 z t 0 ( wick]1 :]e 9 a :ile s9ce we rode at 8 h\se4 ,& he ha? rode1 he says1 n[ 8 j\rney1 _m miles 9 x ) "o horse1 & out-drives any coa*1 & out-goes any horse1 & s easy he says4 ,s = curiosity1 ,i w5t into x to try x1 & up ! hill ,%oot]'s ,hill to ! hea? ,blackhea?1 & ov] ! c>t ruts1 & f\nd x pretty well1 b n s easy z he pret5ds40 ,! ,colonel p]sev]$4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! next ye> ! ,royal ,society's committee met aga9 at 8 h\se to consid]1 says ,pepys1 8( ! bus9ess ( *>iots1 & to try _! new inv5tion1 :i* ,i saw "h my ,"l ,br\nck] ride 93 :]e ! coa*man sits a/ride ^u a pole ov] ! horse1 b d n t\* ! horse1 :i* is a pretty odde ?+2 b x seems x is mo/ easy = ! horse1 &1 z !y say1 = ! man also40 ,o!rs 7 also at "w ^u c>riage improvem5t1 & 9 #affg ! ,royal ,society 8g5]ally approv$0 ( a *>iot inv5t$ by a ,dr4 ,cr\ne4 8,no p>ticul>s ( ! vehicle are giv510 says ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 8we are only told t #8"s f5ce 0 propos$ to be made = ! coa*man aga9/ ! kick+ ( ! horse4'0 ,9 ! same ye>1 ,sir ,william ,p5 possess$ a light *>iot 9 :i* ,pepys drove out "o day4 ,?is1 he says1 0 8pla91 b pretty & m fa%ionable 9 %ape ?an any coa*es he ha?1 & yet d n co/ him1 h>ness & all1 above #cb40 ,all su* exp]im5ts 7 und\bt$ly 9 ! direction ( a light1 swift c>riage1 su* z 0 built ab\t #affj 9 ,g]many by ,philip de ,*iesa1 a ,pi$montese1 9 ! s]vice ( ! ,duke ( ,prussia4 ,inde$1 x is q possible t ,colonel ,blunt ei!r possess$1 or _h se51 "o ( de ,*iesa's c>riages1 :i* 7 none o!r ?an ! fam\s & popul> b]l9s4#cj ,s f> ,g]many _h be5 tak+ ! lead4 ,h] ,/ate coa*es 7 ! mo/ wond]ful 9 ! _w1 & h] coa*build]s 7 design+ less] coa*es = ! ord9>y folk4 ,b ! b]l9 0 ! fir/ ( ^! less] c>riages to cat* ! public fancy1 & enjoy m ?an a local success4 ,n[ ! b]l9 diff]$ 9 ! fir/ place f previ\s c>riages 9 hav+ two p]*es in/ead ( ! s+le pole1 8& betwe5 ^! two p]*es1 f ! front transom to ! h9d axle-b$1 two /rong lea!r braces 7 plac$1 ) jacks or small w9dlasses1 to w9d !m up tight] if !y /ret*$40 ,! bottom ( ! coa* 0 no long] flat1 & ^! braces ( lea!r all[$ ! body to play up & d[n in/ead ( sw++ f side to side z be=e4 ,"h1 !n1 y _h an entirely new pr9ciple4 8,9 ! ,imp]ial mews at ,vi5na10 says ,?rupp1 8are f\r coa* b]l9s1 :i*1 ,i ?9k1 may belong to ?is p]iod4 ,!y are said to h be5 built = ! ,emp]or ,leopold :o reign$ at ,vi5na f #afeh to #agjj1 & ,k9k describes ?is ,emp]or's c>riage z cov]$ ) r$ clo? & z hav+ glass panels2 he also says !y 7 call$ ! ,imp]ial glass coa*es4 ,x is possible t ! coa*es h be5 a little alt]$ f ! "t ( _! con/ruction1 b ,i consid] t 9 ^! f\r we h ! olde/ coa*es ) solid doors & glasses all r\nd t exi/ 9 ,europe4 ,:e!r !y are id5tical ) ! ,emp]or ,leopold's w$d+-c>riages matt]s mu* less ?an ! influ5ce ! b]l9 und\bt$ly _h ^u ! coa*-build+ ( t p]iod4 ,x 0 ! means ( introduc+ ! d\ble p]*1 :i*1 al?\gh x is n n[ 9 fa%ion1 0 adopt$ = v _m c>riages bo? 9 ,engl& & abroad1 up to #ahaj4 ,crane-necks to p]*es 7 sugge/$ by ! =m ( ! b]l9 p]*2 & z bodies sw++ f /&>d po/s sugge/$ ! position ( ! ,c spr+1 s bodies re/+ ^u long lea!r braces sugge/$ ! horizontal & elb[ spr+s to :i* we owe s mu*4 ,! fir/ b]l9 0 made z a small vis--vis coa*--small because x 0 to be us$ z a light travell+ c>riage1 & n>r[ because x 0 to hang betwe5 ! two p]*es1 & 0 only ne$$ to c>ry two p]sons inside4 ,x 0 su* an improvem5t 9 lightness & appe>ance ^u ! cumb]some coa*es t c>ri$ eight p]sons1 t x at once f\nd fav\r1 & 0 imitat$ 9 ,p>is & /ill m 9 ,london40 ,^! e>ly b]l9s 7 n ne>ly s gorge\s z ! heavi] coa*es :i* !y gradually supplant$4 ,r$ clo? & black nails _h tak5 ! place ( ! gilt ornam5tation & crimson hang+s ( ! previ\s g5]ation4#ca ,only on fe/ivals1 we le>n1 ! black h>ness 80 ornam5t$ ) silk fr+e40 ,! coa*es us$ by ! ,emp]or himself _h lea!r traces1 b ! ladies ( 8 suite _h to be cont5t ) c>riages ! traces ( :i* 7 made ( rope4 ,! glass w9d[s :i* 7 su* a conspicu\s feature ( ! b]l9s1 7 also us$ 9 ! l>g] coa*es1 f9ally1 z ,i h said1 elim9at+ ! boot4 ,mr4 ,*>les ,h>p] ?9ks t ! fir/ ,engli% coa* to possess !m belong$ 9 #affa to ! ,duke ( ,york4 ,at fir/ ^! w9d[s seem to h caus$ tr\ble1 & !re is ! ludicr\s incid5t m5tion$ by ,pepys1 ( my ,lady ,pet]bor\gh :o 8be+ 9 h] glass-coa* ) ! glass up & see+ a lady pass by 9 a coa* :om %e w\ld salute1 ! glass 0 s cle> t %e ?\ght x _h be5 op51 & s ran h] head ?r\gh ! glass60 ,lady ,a%ly did n l ! new inv5tion1 because1 z %e said1 ! w9d[s 7 = ev] fly+ op5 :ile ! coa* 0 runn+ ov] a bad piece ( road4 ,lady ,pet]bor\gh's mis=tune 0 tribute inde$ to ! mak]6 ,9 ?is matt] ( ! glass x w\ld seem t ,spa9 _h tak5 ! lead1 & x is q possible t ,spa9 inv5t$ ! fir/ two-seat$ *>iots4 ,9 #afca1 ?irty ye>s be=e ! fir/ b]l9 0 made1 an ,infanta ( ,spa9 is report$ to h trav]s$ ,c>9?ia 89 a glass-c>riage 9 :i* no m ?an two p]sons c\ld sit40 ,:at ?is 0 l we d n "k4 ,x may h _h rude spr+s1 & be5 built f ! common coa* models to a small] measurem5t2 x 0 c]ta9ly bootless1 & fram$ glass or mica took ! place ( curta9s4 ,9 ,france ! fir/ coa*es to h glass w9d[s1 accord+ to ,m4 ,r\bo1 creat$ some?+ ( a ,c\rt sc&al 9 ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,! glass1 he says1 0 fir/ us$ 9 ! upp] panels ( ! doors1 b 0 soon ext5d$ to ! :ole ( ! upp] half ( ! sides & front ( ! body1 s mak+ ( ! c>riage lit]ally a glass-coa*4 ,y may le>n m ( ! ,engli% sev5te5?-c5tury c>riages f ,pepys ?an f any o!r writ]2 nor is ?is a matt] = wond]4 ,pepys _h a knack ( kn[+ j exactly :at po/]ity w\ld desire to "k4 ,f 8 ,di>y1 we le>n incid5tally t ! wat]m5 7 /ill endeav\r+ to rega9 _! lo/ pre/ige & cu/om1 b by ?is "t coa*es _h enorm\sly increas$ 9 numb]--9 #affb !re 7 ne>ly #bejj hackneys 9 ,london alone--& !nce=? !y are h>dly he>d (4 ,to be any "o1 moreov]1 y _h to h y\r private coa*4 ,doctors1 = in/ance1 f\nd x v well wor? _! :ile to keep a coa*1 ?\gh1 z ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne told 8 son1 !y 7 c]ta9ly 8m = /ate ?an = bus9esse40 ,on ! o!r h& ^? :o 7 well able to keep a private c>riage occasionally pref]r$ ! use ( a hackney1 & sometimes at times :5 !y _h no bus9ess to d s4 ,mr4 ,pepys1 ) cle> ideas ^u ! dignity & responsibilities ( rank1 0 indignant at any su* fool]y4 ,he 0 told1 he recalls 9 "o place1 8( ! ridicul\s hum\r ( our ,k+ & ,knights ( ! ,g>t] ! o!r day1 :o1 :]eas h]et(ore _! robes 7 only to be worn dur+ _! c]emonies & s]vice1 ^!1 z pr\d ( _! coats1 did we> !m all day till night1 & !n rode into ! ,p>k ) !m on4 ,nay1 & he tells u he did see my ,"l ,ox=d & ,duke ( ,monm\? 9 a hackney-coa* ) two footm5 9 ! ,p>k1 ) _! robes on2 :i* is a mo/ sc&al\s ?+1 s z all gravity may be said to be lo/ among/ u40 ,! private coa*1 too1 0 ! la/ luxury to be giv5 up aft] f9ancial emb>rassm5t4 ,s we h ,lady ,flippant1 9 ,wy*]ley's ,love 9 a ,wood1 say+1 8,ah1 ,mrs4 ,joyn]1 no?+ grieves me l ! putt+ d[n my coa*6 ,= ! f9e clo!s1 ! f9e lodg+s1--let 'em g2 = a lodg+ is z unnecess>y a ?+ to a wid[ t has a coa*1 z a hat to a man t has a good p]uke4 ,=1 z y see ab\t t[n1 %e is mo/ probably at home 9 h] coa*3--%e eats1 & dr9ks1 & sleeps 9 h] coa*2 & = h] visits1 %e receives !m 9 ! playh\se40 ,no lady's virtue1 accord+ to ?is cynical dramati/1 0 pro( aga9/ a coa* & six4 ,at ! "t ( ! introduction ( ! light1 two-seat$ *>iots1 ord9>y private coa*es 7 also *ang+ 9 %ape4 ,9 ,*>les ,i's reign !y _h be5 bo? v long & v wide2 9 8 son's "t !y became mu* sl5d]] & less unwieldy4 ,alt]ations 9 ?is direction 7 possibly sugge/$ by ! ubiquit\s & mo/ conv5i5t s$ans1 &1 inde$1 !re is an allusion to ?is *ange ( %ape 9 ,sir ,william ,dav5ant's ,fir/ ,day's ,ent]ta9m5t at ,rutl& ,h\se1 9 :i*1 dur+ a dialogue betwe5 a ,russian & a ,london]1 ! =eign] says3 8,i h n[ left y\r h\ses1 & am pass+ ?r\gh y\r /reets2 b n 9 a coa*1 = !y are uneasily hung1 & s n>r[ t ,i took !m = s$ans ^u :eels40 ,/age-coa*es1 h[ev]1 rema9$ j z huge & j z gorge\s z ev]4 ,!y 7 built1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ,italy1 9 ! old fa%ion--un5clos$ & curta9$4 ,c\nt ,gozzad9i describes a ,/ate coa* built 9 #afbi = ! m>riage ( ,duke ,edw>d ,f>nese ) ! ,lady ,m>g>et ( ,tuscany1 & z we %all see 9 a mom5t1 ?is diff]$ only 9 ! details ( its ornam5tation f ! ,/ate coa* 9 :i* ,"l ,ca/lema9e made 8 public entry into ,rome sixty ye>s lat]4 ,! body ( ! ,f>nese coa*1 says ,gozzad9i1 80 l9$ ) crimson velvet & gold ?read1 & ! woodwork cov]$ ) silv] plates1 *as$ & emboss$ & p]=at$1 9 half relief4 ,x c\ld c>ry eight p]sons1 f\r on ! seats atta*$ to ! doors1 & f\r 9 ! back & front4 ,! ro( 0 support$ by eight silv] columns1 on ! ro( 7 eight silv] vases1 & unicorns' heads & lilies 9 full relief project$ f ! ro( & ends ( ! body "h & !re4 ,! ro( 0 compos$ ( tw5ty /icks1 conv]g+ f ! edge to ! c5tre1 :i* 0 cr[n$ ) a great rose ) silv] leaves on ! outside1 & inside by ! armorial be>+s ( ! ,pr9ces ( ,tuscany & ,f>nese held up by cupids4 ,! curta9s ( ! sides & back ( ! coa* 7 ( crimson velvet1 embroid]$ ) silv] lilies ) gold leaves4 ,at ! back & front ( ! coa*-c>riage 7 /atues ( unicorns1 surr\nd$ by cupids & wrea!d ) lilies1 gr\p$ r\nd ! /&>ds f :i* ! body 0 susp5d$2 on ! tops ( ! /&>ds 7 silv] vases1 ) fe/oons ( fruit1 & wraught 9 silv]4 ,9 ! front 7 also /atues ( ,ju/ice & ,m]cy1 support+ ! coa*man's seat4 ,! braces susp5d+ ! body 7 ( lea!r1 cov]$ ) crimson velvet2 ! :eels & pole 7 plat$ ) poli%$ silv]4 ,! :ole 0 drawn by six horses1 ) h>ness & trapp+s cov]$ ) velvet1 embroid]$ ) gold & silv] ?read1 & ) silv] buckles4 ,x is said t tw5ty-five excell5t silv]smi?s work$ at ?is coa* = two ye>s1 & us$ up #be1jjj ounces ( silv]2 & t ! "w 0 sup]9t5d$ by two ma/] coa*build]s1 "o f ,p>ma & ! o!r f ,piac5za40 ,"l ,ca/lema9e's procession into ,rome conta9$ ?ree hundr$ & ?irty coa*es1 ( :i* ?irte5 7 8 own prop]ty2 & ( ^! two 7 ,/ate coa*es4 ,^! likewise 7 n prop]ly enclos$1 & _h no glass4 8,!y 7 hung10 says ,?rupp1 8inside & out1 ) beautifully embroid]$ clo?s1 ! "o coa* ) crimson1 ! o!r ) azure-blue velvet1 & gold & silv] "w4 ,! ro(s 7 adorn$ ) scroll "w & vases gilt2 "u ! ro( 7 curta9s ( silv] fr+es1 & ! ambassador's armorial be>+s4 ,! c>riage ( ! pr9cipal coa* 0 adorn$ 9 front ) two l>ge ,tritons1 ( c>v$ wood1 gilt all ov]1 t support$ a cu%ion = ! coa*man betwe5 !m1 & f _! %\ld]s ! braces dep5d$4 ,! footbo>d 0 =m$ by a con* %ell1 betwe5 two dolph9s4 ,9 ! re> ( ! coa* 7 two m ,tritons1 support+ n only ! lea!r braces ( ! coa*1 b two o!r /atues ( ,neptune & ,cybele1 :o 9 turn held a royal cr[n4 ,bel[ ,neptune & ,cybele1 & project+ backw>ds1 7 a lion & a unicorn1 & sev]al cupids & wrea?s ( fl[]s4 ,! :eels _h m\ld$ rims1 & ! spokes 7 hidd5 by curv+ foliage c>v+4 ,! second coa* _h pla9] :eels & few] /atues ab\t x40 ,!y may h be5 magnific5t1 b !y 7 c]ta9ly n v beautiful4 ,mu* ! same1 too1 might be said ( ^? coa*es 9 :i* =eign ambassadors made _! public entry into ,london4 ,9 #affj ,evelyn saw ! ,pr9ce de ,ligne1 ,ambassador-,extraord9>y f ,spa91 make a spl5did entry ) sev5te5 coa*es1 & a mon? lat] ,pepys 0 wat*+ 8! ,duke de ,soissons g f 8 audi5ce ) a v great deal ( /ate3 8 own coa* all r$ velvet cov]$ ) gold lace1 & drawn by six b>bes1 & att5d$ by tw5ty pages v ri* 9 clo?s40 ,9 ?is ye>1 #affj1 !re 0 a proclamation aga9/ ! excessive numb] ( hackney-coa*es1 & two ye>s lat] ,commission]s 7 appo9t$ 8= re=m+ ! build+s1 ways1 /reets & incumbrances1 & regulat+ ! hackney-coa*es 9 ! city ( ,london40 ,( ?is body ,evelyn 0 sworn a memb] 9 ,may1 #affb4 ,pepys1 h[ev]1 nev] f\nd any difficulty 9 obta9+ "o :5 he desir$1 &1 inde$1 ( late ye>s1 pressure ( bus9ess _h made a hackney-coa* an almo/ daily necessity4 ,f9ally1 he f\nd x *eap] to possess "o ( 8 own1 & ! /ory ( ?is coa* is p>ticul>ly int]e/+1 & may be told 9 "s detail4 ,long ago1 ,mr4 ,pepys _h dreamt ( own+ a private coa*4 8,talk+ long 9 b$ ) my wife10 he writes on ,m>* #bnd1 #affa-b1 8ab\t our frugal life = ! "t to come1 propos+ to h] :at ,i c\ld & w\ld d1 if ,i 7 wor? #bjjj1 t is1 be a knight1 & keep my coa*1 :i* pleas$ h]40 ,times 7 bad1 h[ev]1 & al?\gh ,pepys enjoy$ _m a ride 9 a fri5d's coa* & witness$ ,colonel ,blunt's exp]im5ts1 ! great idea did n mature4 ,b "o ( 8 p>ticul> fri5ds1 ,?omas ,povey1 ,m4,p41 :o _h be5 a colleague ( 8 on ! ,tangi] committee1 himself ! own] ( at lea/ "o coa*1 seems to h kept ,pepys's ambitions a/ir4 ,?is 0 m especially ! case 9 #affe1 at :i* "t ,mr4 ,povey _h pur*as$ "o ( ! new & already fa%ionable *>iots4 ,?is excit$ ,pepys's admiration4 8,comes ,mr4 ,povey's coa*10 he records1 8& s rode mo/ nobly1 9 8 mo/ pretty & be/-contriv$ *>iot 9 ! _w1 ) _m new contrivances1 8 nev] hav+ till n[1 )9 a day or two1 be5 yet f9i%$40 ,povey 0 some?+ ( an inv5tor himself4 ,evelyn calls him a 8nice contriv] ( all elegancies1 & mo/ =mal40 ,! necess>y money 0 app>5tly n =?com+ = a ye> or two1 b 9 ,april1 #affg1 ,pepys _h a m9d 8to buy en\gh gr\nd to build a coa*-h\se & /able2 =10 says he1 8,i h _h x mu* 9 my ?\ghts lately t x is n too mu* = me n[1 9 degree or co/1 to keep a coa*1 b contr>ily1 t ,i am almo/ a%am$ to be se5 9 a hackney40 ,accord+ly1 ,mr4 ,comm&]1 8 lawy]1 0 bidd5 to look = a suitable piece ( gr\nd4 ,! idea _h n[ tak5 def9ite %ape1 & ,pepys 0 committ$4 8,i f9d x necess>y10 he says1 8= me1 bo? 9 respect ( hon\r & ! pr(it ( x also1 my exp5ce 9 ,hackney coa*es be+ n[ s great1 to keep a coa*1 & !re=e w d x40 ,! next entry %[s ! fir/ ( 8 disappo9tm5ts3-- 8,mr4 ,comm&] tells me1 aft] all1 t ,i _c h a lease ( ! gr\nd = my coa*-h\se & /able1 till a lawsuit be end$4 ,i am a little sorry1 because ,i am pretty full 9 my m9d ( keep+ a coa*2 b yet10 he adds philosophically--! date 0 ,june #d?1 #affg--8:5 ,i ?9k ( x aga91 ! ,dut* & ,fr5* bo? at sea1 & we poor1 & /ill out ( ord]1 ,i "k n yet :at turns !re may be40 ,s ! summ] pass$1 & 8mo/ ( our disc\rse10 he admits1 8is ab\t our keep+ a coa* ! next ye>1 :i* pleases my wife mightily2 & if ,i cont9ue z able z n[1 x w save me money40 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! new ye> ,w ,griff9 0 ord]$ to make fre% inquiries ab\t ! mo/ necess>y coa*-h\se1 b no?+ seems to h be5 done until ! autumn4 ,!n ,pepys1 m or less x w\ld seem on ! spur ( ! mom5t1 *ose a coa* = himself1 & imm$iately dislik$ x4 ,no "o seems to h giv5 him ! same advice4 ,"s ladies1 = in/ance1 ,mrs4 ,pepys among/ !m1 pref]r$ ! l>ge old-fa%ion$ coa*es4 ,o!rs want$ ! late/ ?+ f ,p>is4 ,says ,mrs4 ,flirt 9 ,! ,g5tleman ,danc+-,ma/]3 8,b take notice1 ,i w h no little1 dirty1 second-h& *>iot1 new furni%$1 b a l>ge1 sociable1 well-pa9t$ coa*2 nor w ,i keep x till x be z well-kn[n z myself1 & x comes to be call$ ,flirt-coa*40 ,h] fri5d1 ,monsieur ,p>is1 %rugs 8 %\ld]s4 8',tis v well10 says he1 8y mu/ h y\r great1 gilt1 f9e pa9t$ coa*4 ,i'm sure !y are gr[n s common already among/ y t ladies ( quality beg9 to take up ) hackneys aga940 ,x 0 felt1 no d\bt1 t fa%ion 9 c>riages z 9 ev]y?+ else w\ld spe$ily *ange4 ,mr4 ,pepys mu/ h f\nd consid]able difficulty 9 mak+ up 8 m9d4 ,! new *>iots 7 small1 light &1 s f> z he knew1 mo/ fa%ionable2 b possibly !y 7 n q to 8 ta/e1 & equally possibly !y might n be fa%ionable 9 t5 ye>s' "t4 ,also !y p]haps lack$ ! solid dignity ( ! old] c>riages1 & 7 less likely to attract public att5tion--two important consid]ations4 ,9 ! end1 h[ev]1 he seems to h *os5 a l>ge coa* ( ! old /yle4 ,mr4 ,povey saw x1 & poor ,pepys knew at once t a dreadful mi/ake _h be5 made4 8,he & ,i 444 talk ( my coa*10 runs ! ,di>y = #cj? ,octob]1 8& ,i got him to g & see x1 :]e he f9ds mo/ inf9ite fault ) x1 bo? z to be+ out ( fa%ion & heavy1 ) s good reason1 t ,i am mightily glad ( 8 hav+ correct$ me 9 x2 & s ,i d resolve to h "o ( 8 build1 & ) 8 advice1 bo? 9 coa* & horses1 he be+ ! fitte/ man 9 ! _w = x40 ,accord+ly on ! foll[+ ,sunday1 8,mr4 ,povey s5t 8 coa* = my wife & ,i to see1 :i* we lik$ mightily1 & w endeav\r to h him get u j su* ano!r40 ,mr4 ,povey ?\ght t 8 own coa*mak] _h a replica = sale4 ,pepys !reupon w5t d[n into ! neighb\rhood ( ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields1 f\nd ! man1 b le>nt to 8 disgu/ t ! coa* _h be5 sold t v morn+4 ,at ! end ( ! week1 h[ev]1 9 company ) 8 fri5d1 he 8sp5t ! aft]noon go+ up & d[n ! coa*mak]s 9 ,c[ ,lane1 & did see sev]al1 & la/ did pit* ^u a little *>iott1 ^: body 0 fram$1 b n cov]$1 at ! wid['s1 t made ,mr4 ,l[!r's f9e coa*2 & we are mightily pleas$ ) x1 x be+ light1 & w be v g5teel & sob]2 to be cov]$ ) lea!r1 b yet w hold f\r4 ,be+ mu* satisfi$ ) ?is1 ,i c>ri$ him to ,:ite ,hall4 ,home1 :]e ,i give my wife a good acc\nt ( ! day's "w40 ,hav+ b\ght ! coa*1 x 0 necess>y to complete ! arrangem5ts ab\t a coa*-h\se1 & 9 ! same week ,pepys f>$ =? aga9 = ! purpose4 8,?is aft]noon ,i did g out t[>ds ,sir ,d4 ,gaud5's1 ?9k+ to h bespoke a place = my coa* & horses1 :5 ,i h !m1 at ! ,victuall+ ,(fice2 b f9d ! way s bad & long t ,i return$1 & look$ up & d[n = places else:]e1 9 an inne1 :i* ,i hope to get ) m conv5i5ce ?an !re40 ,?is n prov+ satisfactory1 ,sir ,ri*>d ,=d 0 p]suad$ to l5d 8 own coa*-y>d4 ,!n foll[ 9 quick succession ! o!r entries3-- 8#bh? ,novemb]1 #affh4--;,all ! morn+ at ! ,(fice1 :]e1 :ile ,i 0 sitt+1 "o comes & tells me t my coa* is come4 ,s ,i 0 =c$ to g out1 & to ,sir ,ri*>d ,=d's1 :]e ,i spoke to him1 & he is v will+ to h x br\ght 91 & /& !re3 & s ,i ord]$ x1 to my great cont5t1 x be+ mighty pretty1 only ! horses d n please me1 &1 !re=e1 resolve to h bett]40 8#bi? ,novemb]4--,?is morn+ my coa*man's clo!s come home & ,i l ! liv]y mightily4444 ,sir ,w4 ,w>r5 444 tells me1 z soon z he saw my coa* ye/]day1 he wi%$ t ! own] might n contract envy by x2 b ,i told him x 0 n[ manife/ly = my pr(it to keep a coa*1 & t1 aft] employm5ts l m9e = eight ye>s1 x 7 h>d if ,i c\ld n be ?\ght to be ju/ly able to d t40#cb 8#cj? ,novemb]4--,my wife aft] d9n]1 w5t abroad ! fir/ "t 9 h] coa*1 call+ on ,rog] ,pepys1 & visit+ ,mrs4 ,cre$1 & my coz5 ,turn]4 ,?us end$ ?is mon?1 ) v good int5t1 b mo/ exp5seful to my purse on ?+s ( pleasure1 hav+ furni%$ my wife's closet & ! be/ *amb]1 & a coa* & horses1 t ev] ,i knew 9 ! _w2 & ,i am put into ! greate/ condition ( outw>d /ate t ev] ,i 0 91 or hop$ ev] to be1 or desir$2 & ?is at a "t :5 we d daily expect great *anges 9 ?is (fice2 & by all reports we mu/1 all ( u1 turn out40 8#bnd ,decemb]4--,abroad ) my wife1 ! fir/ "t t ev] ,i rode 9 my own coa*1 :i* d make my he>t rejoice1 & praise ,god1 & pray him to bless x to me & cont9ue x40 8#crd ,decemb]4-- 444 & s home1 x be+ mighty pleasure to g alone ) my poor wife1 9 a coa* ( our own1 to a play1 & makes u appe> mighty great1 ,i ?9k1 9 ! _w2 at lea/1 great] ?an ev] ,i c\ld1 or my fri5ds = me1 h once expect$2 or1 ,i ?9k1 ?an ev] any ( my family ev] yet liv$1 9 my memory1 b my coz5 ,pepys 9 ,salisbury ,c\rt40 8#d? ,decemb]4--,i c>ri$ my wife 444 to ,smi?field1 :]e !y sit 9 ! coa*1 :ile ,mr4 ,pick]+1 :o meets me at ,smi?field & ,i1 & ,w4 ,hew] & a fri5d ( 81 a jockey did g ab\t to see sev]al pairs ( horses1 = my coa*2 b x 0 late1 & we agre$ on none1 b left x to ano!r "t3 b "h ,i d see in/ances ( a piece ( craft & cunn+ t ,i nev] dream$ (1 conc]n+ ! buy+ & *oos+ ( horses40 ,!re 7 pl5ty ( horses to be _h1 x seems1 b ei!r ,mr4 ,pepys did n l !m or he 0 afraid ( be+ *eat$4 8,up & d[n10 he is record+ a week or s lat]1 8all ! aft]noon ab\t horses1 & did see ! knav]ies & tricks ( jockeys4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 we conclud$ ^u giv+ #ej = a f9e pair ( black horses we saw ?is day se'nnight2 & s set ,mr4 ,pick]+ d[n ne> 8 h\se1 :om ,i am mu* behold5 to1 = 8 c>e h]e91 & he ha? admir$ skill1 ,i p]ceive1 9 ?is bus9ess1 & s home40 ,s ! horses 7 *ang$1 & = a :ile ,mr4 ,pepys 0 oblig$ to rev]t to ! despis$ hackney1 8 8coa*man be+ ?is day ab\t break+ ( my horses to ! coa*1 !y hav+ nev] yet drawn40 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! mon? ! new horses 7 ready1 & _! ma/] made 8 fir/ ride beh9d !m on a visit to ! ,temple1 ?\gh lat] 9 ! day he 0 aga9 us+ ! old pair1 8n d>+ yet to use ! o!rs too mu*1 b only to ent] !m40 ,!n1 be=e ! new ye>1 came ! fir/ mi%ap4 8,up1 & vex$ a little to be =c$ to pay #djs4 = a glass ( my coa*1 :i* 0 broke ! o!r day1 nobody kn[s h[1 )9 ! door1 :ile x 0 d[n2 b ,i d d\bt t ,i did break x myself ) my knees40 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ,febru>y ano!r mis=tune is record$3-- 8,j at ,holborn ,circuit ! bolt broke1 t holds ! =e-:eels to ! p]*1 & s ! horses w5t away ) !m1 & left ! coa*man & u2 b be+ ne> our coa*mak]'s & we /ay+ 9 a little ironmong]'s %op1 we 7 pres5tly suppli$ ) ano!r40 ,accid5ts ( ?is k9d 7 cont9ually happ5+4 ,glasses sma%$1 bolts broke1 &1 :at seems incr$ible1 doors 7 lo/6 ,ev5 s late z #agaj1 a rew>d ( #cjs4 0 (f]$ = a lo/ door4 8,lo/10 runs ?is rem>kable adv]tisem5t1 8! side door ( a ,*>iot1 pa9t$ ,c(fee ,col\r1 ) a ,r\nd ,ciph] 9 ! ,pannel1 ,l9'd ) ,:ite ,cloa? embos'd ) ,r$1 hav+ a ,glass 9 "o ,frame1 & ,:ite ,canvas 9 ano!r1 ) ,r$ ,/r+s to ! ,frames40 ,to return to ,pepys4 ,9 a mon? or two ano!r matt] connect$ ) 8 coa* 0 occupy+ 8 att5tion4 ,!re 7 "s p :o did n ?9k t a man 9 ! comp>atively humble position ( ,secret>y to ! ,admiralty _h any "r to possess a coa*1 ev5 ?\gh1 9 its own]'s e/imation1 x might be 8g5teel & sob]40 8,to ! ,p>k10 he is record+ 9 ,april1 8my wife & ,i2 & "h ,sir ,w4 ,cov5try did fir/ see me & my wife 9 a coa* ( our own2 & s did also ?is night ! ,duke ( ,york1 :o did eye my wife mightily4 ,b ,i beg9 to d\bt t my be+ s mu* se5 9 my own coa* at ?is "t1 may be obs]v$ to my prejudice1 b ,i mu/ v5ture x n[40 ,?is 0 no idle fe>1 = 9 a :ile !re 0 pr9t$ an ill-writt5 & scurril\s pamphlet call$ ,plane ,tru?1 or ,closet ,discorse betwixt ,pepys & ,hew]1 9 :i* ! foll[+ passage occurs3-- 8,!re is "o ?+ m y mu/ be mightily sorry = ) all spe$4 ,y\r presumption 9 y\r coa* 9 :i* y daily ride z if y _h be5 son & heir to ! great ,emp]or ,neptune1 or z if y _h be5 infallibly to h succe$$ him 9 8 gov]nm5t ( ! ,ocean1 all :i* 0 presumption 9 ! highe/ degree4 ,fir/1 y _h ^u ! =e-"p ( y\r *>iot1 tempe/u\s waves & wrecks ( %ips2 on y\r left h&1 =ts & great guns1 & %ips a fight+2 on y\r "r h& 0 a fair h>b\r & galleys rid+1 ) _! flags & p5nants spread1 k9dly salut+ ea* o!r1 j l ,pepys & ,hew]--8 *ief cl]k40 ,h[ f> ,pepys's c>riage 0 decorat$ is n kn[n1 ?\gh ?is description does n tally 9 ! lea/ ) ,pepys's own4 ,9 any case1 he took no notice ( su* attacks1 & s f> f mak+ 8 coa* less conspicu\s1 arrang$ to h x newly pa9t$ & v>ni%$4 8#ai? ,april1 #affi4--;,aft] d9n] out aga91 &1 call+ ab\t my coa*1 :i* 0 at ! coa*mak]'s1 & ha? be5 !re = ^! two or ?ree days1 to be new pa9t$1 & ! w9d[-frames gilt aga9/ next ,may-day1 w5t on ) my hackney to ,:ite ,hall40 ,a few days lat] he gave ord]s = "s 8new sort ( v>ni%0 to be us$ on ! /&>ds at a co/ ( =ty %ill+s1 ?is be+ 9 8 view v *eap4 ,inde$1 8! do+ ( ! bigge/ coa* all ov]10 he le>nt1 8comes n above #f40 ,on 8 next visit to ! coa*mak]1 he 0 surpris$ to f9d sev]al great ladies 8sitt+ 9 ! body ( a coa* t mu/ be end$ tomorr[ 444 eat+ ( bread & butt] & dr9k+ ale40 ,8 own coa* _h be5 silv]$ ov]1 8b no v>ni% yet laid on1 s ,i put x 9 a way ( do+40 ,a few h\rs lat] he call$ back aga91 8& !re vex$ to see no?+ yet done to my coa*1 at ?ree 9 ! aft]noon2 b ,i set x 9 do+1 & /ood by till eight at night1 & saw ! pa9t] v>ni% x :i* is pretty to see h[ e do+ x ov] d make x m & m yell[3 & x dries z fa/ 9 ! sun z x c be laid on almo/2 & mo/ coa*es are1 n[-a-days1 done s1 & x is v pretty :5 laid on well1 & n too pale1 z "s are1 ev5 to %[ ! silv]4 ,"h ,i did make ! workm5 dr9k1 & saw my coa* clean$ & oyl$40 ,& s eag] 0 he to h x )\t delay t 8 coa*man & horses 7 s5t to fet* x t v ev5+1 & on ! foll[+ gala day1 ,may #a/1 8we w5t alone ?r\gh ! t[n ) our new liv]ies ( s]ge1 & ! horses' manes & tails ti$ ) r$ ribbons1 & ! /&>ds gilt ) v>ni%1 & all clean1 & gre5 re9es1 ! p did mightily look ^u u2 &1 ! tru? is1 ,i did n see any coa* m pretty1 ?\gh m gay1 ?an ours all ! day4 ,b we set out1 out ( hum\r--,i because ,betty1 :om ,i expect$1 0 n come to g ) u2 & my wife t ,i w\ld sit on ! same seat ) h]1 :i* %e likes n1 be+ s f9e3 & %e !n expect$ me to meet ,%]es1 :i* we did 9 ,pell ,mell1 & aga9/ my w1 ,i 0 =c$ to take him into ! coa*1 b 0 sull5 all day almo/1 & little complaisant2 ! day be+ unpleas+1 ?\gh ! ,p>k full ( coa*es1 b du/y & w9dy1 & cold1 & n[ & !n a little dribbl+ ( ra92 & :at made x worse1 !re 7 s _m hackney-coa*es z spoil$ ! sight ( ! g5tlem5's2 & s we _h little pleasure40 ,h5ce=? ,mr4 ,pepys1 9 spite ( sundry w>n+s f 8 fri5d ,mr4 ,povey & o!rs1 cont9u$ to use 8 coa*1 & al?\gh p]haps z he grew old]1 8 coa* 0 less brilliantly adorn$1 !re seems no reason to suppose t he ev] regrett$ its pur*ase4 ,?\gh x is n my int5tion to speak 9 any detail ( public conveyances1 a ^w mu/ be said "h ( ! /age-coa*es1#cc :i* made _! appe>ance on ,engli% roads 9 #afdj4 ,^! 7 l>ge coa*es1 lea!r-curta9$ at fir/--glass does n seem to h be5 us$ until #afhj--;& capable ( seat+ six or eight pass5g]s4 ,_! *ief feature 0 ! huge basket /rapp$ to ! back4 8,!re is ( late10 says ,*amb]layne 9 8 well-kn[n ,pres5t ,/ate ( ,great ,brita9 7#afdi71 8su* an admirable commodi\sness bo? = m5 & wom51 to travel f ,london to ! pr9cipal t[ns 9 ! c\ntry1 t ! l ha? n be5 kn[n 9 ! _w2 & t is by /age-coa*es1 :]e9 "o may be transport$ to any place %elt]$ f f\l wea!r & f\l ways1 free f endang]+ ( "o's heal? & "o's body by h>d jogg+ or ov]-viol5t motion on horseback2 & ?is n only at ! l[ price ( ab\t a %ill+ = e five miles1 b ) su* velocity & spe$ 9 an h\r z ! =eign po/ c make b 9 "o day40 ,( c\rse1 !re 0 opposition to ^! public coa*es4 ,9 #affb1 :5 !re 0 n a r\nd doz5 ( !m1 "o writ] 0 already exhort+ _! ext9ction on ! gr\nd t simple c\ntry g5tlem5 & _! simple c\ntry wives c\ld n[ come to ,london )\t due occasion1 & !re le>n all ! vice & luxury t 7 rampant4 ,s 9 #afgc1 9 a s+ul> production call$ ,! ,gr& ,conc]n ( ,engl&1 among/ ! _m proposals set =? = ! c\ntry's good1 0 "o 8t ! ,multitude ( ,/age ,coa*es & ,c>avans be suppress$40 ,"o or two pamphlets ( no p>ticul> int]e/ appe>$1 bo? = & aga9/ ^! coa*es1 b x may be suffici5t "h to obs]ve t !y /eadily increas$ 9 numb]s & ma9ta9$ _! exi/5ce until ! mail-coa*es f9ally sup]s$$ !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,e>ly 787 ,fr5* ,gig at ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum ,"o o!r public c>riage ( ?is "t also des]ves m5tion4 ,?is 0 ! c>osse c9q s\s1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is 9 #affb4 ,! hi/ory ( ?is primitive omnibus is well told by ,mr4 ,h5ry ,*>les ,moore4#cd 8,! lead+ spirits 9 ?is ent]prise 7 ! ,duc de ,r\ans1 ,gov]nor ( ,poit\1 ! ,m>quis de ,s\r*es1 ,gr& ,prvt1 ! ,m>quis de ,cr5an1 ,gr& ,cup-be>]1 & ,blaise ,pascal1 ! au?or ( ,lettres ,prov9ciales4 ,! idea 0 ,pascal's1 b n be+ suffici5tly weal?y to c>ry x out unaid$1 he laid ! matt] be=e 8 fri5d ! ,duc de ,r\ans1 :o sugge/$ t a company %\ld be =m$ to />t ! vehicles4 ,pascal cons5t$ to ?is be+ done1 & ! ,duc set to "w at once to prevail ^u memb]s ( ! ari/ocracy to take %>es 9 ! v5ture40 ,aft] obta9+ a royal decree1 8sev5 vehicles to c>ry eight pass5g]s ea*1 all inside1 7 built1 & on ,m>* #ah?1 #affb1 !y began runn+4 ,! fir/ "o 0 tim$ to />t at sev5 o'clock 9 ! morn+1 b an h\r or two e>li] a huge cr[d _h assembl$ to witness ! inauguration c]emony1 :i* 0 p]=m$ by two ,commissaires ( ! ,*telet1 attir$ 9 _! (ficial robes4 ,accompany+ !m 7 f\r gu>ds ( ! ,gr& ,prvt1 tw5ty m5 ( ! ,city ,ar*]s1 & a troop ( cavalry4 ,! procession1 on arriv+ at ! l9e ( r\te1 divid$ into two p>ts1 "o ,commissaire & half ( ! att5dants proce$$ to ! ,luxemb\rg1 & ! o!rs to ! ,porte ,/4 ,anto9e4 ,at ! latt] place ?ree ( ! twop5ny-halfp5ny coa*es 7 /ation$1 ! o!r f\r be+ at ! ,luxemb\rg4 ,ea* ,commissaire !n made a spee*1 9 :i* he po9t$ out ! boon t c>osses c9q s\s w\ld be to ! public1 & laid great /ress on ! fact t !y w\ld />t punctually at c]ta9 times :e!r full or empty4 ,moreov]1 he w>n$ ! p t ! k+ 0 det]m9$ to puni% sev]ely any p]son :o int]f]$ ) ! coa*es1 _! driv]s1 conductors1 or pass5g]s4 ,! public 0 also w>n$ t any p]son />t+ simil> vehicles )\t p]mission w\ld be f9$ #cjjj francs1 & 8 horses & coa*es confiscat$4 8,at ! conclusion ( 8 address1 ! ,commissaire comm&$ ! coa*m5 to advance1 &1 aft] giv+ !m a few words ( advice & caution1 pres5t$ ea* "o ) a long blue coat1 ) ! ,city arms embroid]$ on ! front 9 brilliant col\rs4 ,hav+ donn$ _! liv]y1 ! driv]s return$ to _! vehicles & climb$ up to _! seats4 ,!n ! comm& to />t 0 giv51 & ! two vehicles drove (f amid/ a sc5e ( trem5d\s en?usiasm4 ,! fir/ coa* ea* way c>ri$ no pass5g]s--a v unbus9esslike arrangem5t--! conductor sitt+ inside 9 solit>y /ate4 ,b ! next two1 :i* 7 s5t (f a qu>t] ( an h\r aft] ! fir/1 />t$ "w 9 e>ne/1 & x ne$ sc>cely be said t !re 7 no lack ( pass5g]s4 ,! difficulty exp]i5c$ 0 9 prev5t+ p f cr[d+ 9 aft] ! eight seats 7 occupi$4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( e j\rney ! /ruggle to get into ! coa* 0 repeat$1 & _m *>m+ co/umes 7 ru9$ 9 ! cru%4 ,p>is1 9 %ort1 w5t mad ov] its c>osses c9q s\s1 & ! excitem5t soon spread to ! suburbs1 s5d+ _! inhabitants flock+ to ! city to see ! new vehicles4 ,b v few ( ! visitors manag$ to obta9 a ride1 = day by day ! ru% = seats became great]4 ,! k+ himself _h a ride 9 "o coa*1 & ! ari/ocracy & weal?y classes ha/5$ to foll[ 8 example1 /ruggl+ ) _! poor] bre?r5 to obta9 a seat4 ,_m p]sons :o possess$ private coa*es daily drove to ! />t+-po9t1 & yet fail$ to get a drive 9 "o = a week or two4 8,f\r o!r r\tes 7 op5$ 9 less ?an f\r mon?s1 b at la/ ! fa%ionable craze came to an end1 & z soon z ! upp] classes ceas$ to patronise ! new coa*es ! middle & l[] classes f\nd t x 0 *eap] to walk ?an to ride4 ,! result 0 t ,pascal1 :o di$ only five mon?s aft] ! coa*es began runn+1 liv$ long en\gh to see ! vehicles travell+ to & fro1 half1 & sometimes q1 empty4 8,= _m mon?s aft] ,pascal's dea? ! coa*es l+]$ on1 b e week f\nd !m less patronis$1 & ev5tually !y 7 discont9u$4 ,!y _h nev] be5 ( any real utility1 & 7 reg>d$ by ! public mu* 9 ! same light z we reg>d a swit*back railway40 ,&1 inde$1 x 0 a c5tury & a half be=e ! next omnibus 0 tri$4 ,s !n1 at ! middle ( ! c5tury1 :5 heavy & sl[ /age-coa*es 7 mak+ _! appe>ance on ! ,engli% c\ntry roads1 & ! unsuccessful c>osse c9q s\s 0 be+ tri$ 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is1 ! success ( ! b]l91 ! br\ette1 & o!r *>iots1 0 9 process ( remodell+ m5's ideas ^u ! mo/ feasible c>riage = t[n use4 ,! old] coa*es1 z ,i h said1 7 /ill reta9$ = p>ticul> occasions1 &1 inde$1 cont9u$ to be built ) m ornam5tation ?an ev] be=e4 ,! v spokes ( ! :eels 7 decorat$1 pa9t+s appe>$ on ! panels1 & e in* ( ! coa* made z brilliant z possible4 ,france 9 p>ticul> possess$ c>riages ( ! mo/ gorge\s possible description4 ,^! 7 n only entirely gild$ ov]1 b 9 "s cases actually bejewell$4 ,! ri*e/ /uffs l9$ _! int]iors1 & ma/]s pa9t$ _! panels4 ,imm5se sums 7 sp5t4 ,!re is pres]v$ at ,t\l\se a c>riage ( ?is date :i* %[s mo/ ( ^! features4 ,! int]ior 8is1 or r 01 l9$ ) :ite brocade embroid]$ ) a diap] ( p9k roses1 ! ro( be+ l9$ ) ! same1 :ile its angles are hidd5 by little smil+ cupids gild$ f top to toe4 ,! surface ( ! panels is1 or r 01 a piece ( opaque :ite1 exce$+ly well v>ni%$1 & edg$ ) a ?ick m\ld+ ( p9k roses2 ! foliage1 in/ead ( be+ gre51 0 highly gild$ & burni%$40 ,b ! ev]-increas+ traffic r5d]$ necess>y a mu* small] vehicle ?an ^! mon/rosities = g5]al use1 & ?is l$1 some:]e ab\t #afgj1 to ! introduction ( ! gig4 ,?is 0 a ,fr5* inv5tion1 :i*1 :ile no d\bt ! logical outcome ( ! br\ette1 bore resemblance to ! old ,roman cisium1 & l$ ultimately to ! cabriolets1 once s popul> bo? 9 ,france & ,engl&4 ,c]ta9 exp]im5ts t5d+ t[>ds a gig _h be5 made e>li] 9 ! c5tury ) a *air fix$ to a small c>t4 ,! fir/ successful gig 0 a sl5d]1 two-:eel$ contrivance1 8! body little m ?an a %ell10 says ,?rupp1 provid$ ) a hood 8compos$ ( ?ree iron hoop-/icks jo9$ 9 ! middle to fall upw>ds40 ,x 0 ! prototype ( ! cal*e 9 ,france1 ! c>riole ( ,norway1 ! calesso ( ,naples1 & ! volante ( ,cuba4 ,gozzad9i describes "o ( !m z 8an affair ) a curv$ seat fix$ on two long b5d+ %afts1 plac$ 9 front on ! back ( ! horse & beh9d ^u ! two :eels40 ,!y 7 introduc$ into ,flor5ce1 he says1 9 #afgb1 & 8s increas$ 9 numb]s t 9 a few ye>s !re 7 ne>ly a ?\s& 9 ! city40 ,an e>ly gig ( ?is k9d is pres]v$ at ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,x is a =lorn-look+ vehicle4 ,! body is curv$1 b !re is no hood4 ,! seat is absurdly small & 8b5ea? ! %afts are two long /raps ( lea!r & a w9dlass to tight5 !m--?is app>atus 01 no d\bt1 to regulate ! spr+ ( ! vehicle to ! road travell$ ov]40 ,! gig spe$ily und]w5t sev]al m9or *anges ( =m4 ,9 ,france x 0 kn[n z cal*e#ce or *aise1 9 ,engl&1 z cala%1 cale%1 or *aise1 9 ,am]ica z %ay4 ,un=tunately !re is small m5tion ( !m 9 contempor>y writ+s1 & "o is left to suppose t = "s "t !y did n1 except 9 c]ta9 cities1 prove s]i\s rivals to ! b]l9s & o!r f\r-:eel$ *>iots4 ,x may be t ! b]l9 itself 0 tak5 z a model f :i* ^! light] c>riages 7 evolv$4 ,y _h fir/ ! big d\ble b]l9s = f\r p1 !n y _h a vis--vis = two or m p]sons fac+ ea* o!r4 ,lat] ! front "p ( ! c>riage w\ld be cut away = ! sake ( lightness4 ,:5 n cov]$ su* a vehicle z ?is seems to h be5 kn[n z a b]l+ot4 ,two c\ld travel 9 ^! b]l+ots sitt+ side by side1 8:ile a ?ird p]son might travel uncom=tably 9 front on a k9d ( movable seat1 :i* 0 n mu* patronis$2 = x 0 n only dang]\s1 b :at 0 mu* worse 9 ! eyes ( ! gr& c\rt g5tlem5 :o us$ !m--ridicul\s40 ,!re 0 also evolv$ a small] & n>r[] b]l9 ) ! front cut away & capable ( hold+ only "o pass5g]1 call$ ! dsobligeante4 ,! bodies ( ! ord9>y *aises1 :i* seat$ "o or two p1 seem to h diff]$ f ^? ( ! old] b]l9s 9 be+ plac$ p>tly bel[ ! frame4 ,!re 7 no side doors1 b "o at ! back :i* op5$ horizontally4 ,:5 & :]e all su* *anges 7 made1 h[ev]1 x is impossible to say4 ,! acc\nts1 su* z !y are1 are (t5 contradictory1 & ! same names us$ to describe :at are obvi\sly n id5tical c>riages4 ,b ! two-:eel$ gig hav+ appe>$ !re 0 no?+ to prev5t improvem5ts ( e conceivable sort or %ape1 & innum]able hybrid c>riages appe>$1 "s ( :i* are only kn[n by "n4 ,!re is m5tion ( a truly rem>kable cala% :i* 0 tri$ 9 ,dubl9 9 #afhe4 ,exactly :o ! inv5tor 0 is n kn[n1 b ,sir ,ri*>d ,bulkeley int]e/$ himself 9 ! exp]im5ts1 & read a pap] on 8 c>riage be=e ! ,royal ,society4 ,evelyn 0 "o ( ^? :o 7 pres5t on ?is occasion4 8,sir ,ri*>d ,bulkeley10 he says1 8describ$ to u a model ( a *>iot he _h inv5t$ :i* x 0 n possible to ov]?r[ 9 :atev] unev5 way x 0 drawn1 giv+ u a wond]ful relation ( :at x _h p]=m$ 9 t k9d1 = ease1 exp$ition1 & safety2 !re 7 "s inconv5i5ces yet to be rem$i$--x w\ld n conta9 m ?an "o p]son2 0 ready to take fire e few miles2 & be+ plac$ & play+ on no few] ?an t5 roll]s1 x made a mo/ prodigi\s noise1 almo/ intol]able40 ,x is to be deeply regrett$ t !re is no pr9t ( ?is rem>kable c>riage1 b fur!r details may be f\nd 9 a lett]1 dat$ ,may #e?1 #afhe1 f ,sir ,ri*>d ,bulkeley himself4 8,sir ,william ,petty10 he writes1 8,mr4 ,molyneux1 & ,i h sp5t ?is day 9 mak+ exp]im5ts ) a new inv5t$ cale%1 along ) ! inv5tor !re(2 'tis he t 0 9 ,london :5 ,i 0 !re1 b he nev] made any ( ^! cale%es !re1 = 8 inv5tion is mu* improv'd s9ce he came f !nce3 x is 9 all po9ts diff]5t f any ma*9e ,i h ev] se53 x goes on two :eels1 c>ries "o p]son1 & is light en\gh4 ,z = its p]=mance1 ?\gh x hangs n on braces1 yet x is easi] ?an ! common coa*1 bo? 9 ! highway1 9 pl\gh$ fields1 cross ! ridges1 directly & obliquely4 ,a common coa* w ov]turn1 if "o :eel g on a sup]ficies a foot & a half high] ?an t ( ! o!r2 b ?is w admit ( ! diff]5ce ( ?ree feet & a half 9 height ( ! sup]ficies1 )\t dang] ( ov]turn+4 ,we *ose all ! irregul> banks1 ! sides ( dit*es to run ov]2 & ,i h ?is day se5 x1 at five sev]al times1 turn ov] & ov]2 t is1 ! :eels s ov]turn$ z t _! spokes laid p>allel to ! horizon1 s t "o :eel laid flat ov] ! head ( him t rode 9 ! ,cale%1 & ! o!r :eel flat "u him2 s mu* ,i all b once ov]turn$4 ,b :at ,i h m5tion$ 0 ano!r turn m1 s t ! :eels 7 aga9 9 /atu quo1 & ! horse n 9 ! lea/ disord]$3 if x %\ld be unruly1 ) ! help ( "o p91 y dis5gage him f ! ,cale% )\t any inconv5i5ce4 ,i myself 0 once ov]turn$1 & knew x n1 till ,i look$ up1 & saw ! :eel flat ov] my head2 &1 if a man w5t ) 8 eyes %ut1 he w\ld imag9e himself 9 ! mo/ smoo? way1 ?\gh1 at ! same "t1 !re 7 ?ree feet diff]5ce 9 ! heights ( ! gr\nd ( ea* :eel4 ,9 f9e1 we h made s _m1 & s v>i\s exp]im5ts1 & are s well satisfi$ ( ! usefulness ( ! inv5tion1 t we ea* ( u h bespoke "o2 !y are n 7pla97 above six or eight p\nds a-piece40 ,illu/ration3 ,e>ly ,italian ,gig at ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum ,:y ! nobility1 g5try1 & wor?y burgesses ( ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 & ,irel& did n g & d likewise1 hi/ory hides f u4 ,!re is no fur!r m5tion ( ,sir ,ri*>d's truly rem>kable c>riage1 & "o is left to imag9e t "s ( ! ,iri% roads 7 too bad ev5 = its freaki% agility4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y 7 probably sup]ior to ! ,scotti% roads ( ! "t1 ev5 ^? 9 ! m civilis$ s\!rn di/ricts4 8,x is record$10 says ,croal1 8t 9 #afgh0--! ye> aft] ! f\nd+ ( ! ,coa* & ,coa*-,h>ness ,mak]s' ,company 9 ,london--8! difficulties 9 ! way ( rapid communication 7 su* t an agreem5t 0 made to run a coa* betwe5 ,ed9burgh & ,glasg[1 a di/ance ( =ty-f\r miles1 :i* 0 to be drawn by six horses1 & to p]=m ! j\rney to ,glasg[ & back 9 six days60 ,cross-c\ntry travell+1 inde$1 0 v bad1 & ! r\gh tracks ov] :i* ! heavy /age-coa*es rumbl$ along w\ld h prov$ too mu* = ! light] *>iots & gigs :i* 7 s popul> 9 t[n4 ,i may conclude ?is *apt] by quot+ an amus+ description ( su* cross-c\ntry travell+ at ! end ( ! c5tury1 tak5 f ,sir ,john ,vanbrugh's ,provok$ ,husb&4 ,a family is go+ 9 its private coa* f ,york%ire to ,london3-- ,"l ,t[nley4 ,mr4 ,moody1 y\r s]vant2 ,i am glad to see y 9 ,london4 ,i hope all ! family is well4 ,john ,moody4 ,?anks be prais$1 y\r hon\r1 !y are all 9 pretty good he>t1 ?(' we h _h a p[] ( crosses upo' ! road4 ,lady ,grace4 ,i hope my ,lady has no hurt1 ,mr4 ,moody4 ,john4 ,noa1 an't please y\r lady%ip1 %e 0 nev] 9 bett] hum\r3 ,!re's money en\gh /irr+ n[4 ,manly4 ,:at has be5 ! matt]1 ,john8 ,john4 ,:y1 we came up 9 su* a hurry1 y mun ?9k t our tackle 0 n s tight z x %\ld be4 ,manly4 ,come1 tell u all3 pray h[ d !y travel8 ,john4 ,:y i' ! auld coa*1 ,mea/]2 & cause my ,lady loves to d ?+s h&some1 to be sure1 %e w\ld h a c\ple ( c>t horses clapt to ?' f\r old geld+s1 t neighb\rs might see %e w5t up to ,london 9 h] coa* & six6 ,& s ,giles ,j\lt] ! pl\ghman rides po/ilion6 ,"l ,t[nley4 ,& :5 d y expect !m "h1 ,john8 ,john4 ,:y1 we 7 9 hopes to ha' come ye/]day1 an' x _h no' be5 t ?' owld :eaze-belly horse tir$2 & !n we 7 s cruelly load51 t ! two =e-:eels came cra% d[n at once 9 ,waggon-,rut ,lane2 & !re we lo/ f\r h\rs '=e we c\ld set ?+s to rights aga94 ,manly4 ,s !y br+ all _! baggage ) ! coa* !n8 ,john4 ,ay1 ay1 & good /ore on't !re is4 ,:y1 my ,lady's ge> alone 7 z mu* z fill$ f\r portmantel trunks1 besides ! great deal box t heavy ,ralph & ! monkey sit on beh9d4 ,lady ,grace4 ,well1 ,mr4 ,moody1 & pray h[ _m are !re )9 ! coa*8 ,john4 ,:y1 !re's my ,lady & 8 ,wor%ip1 & ! "y squoire1 & ,miss ,j5ny1 & ! fat lap-dog1 & my lady's maid ,mrs4 ,h&y1 & ,doll ,tripe ! cook2 t's all4 ,only ,doll puk$ a little ) rid+ backw>d1 s !y hoi/$ h] into ! coa*-box1 & !n h] /oma* 0 easy4 ,lady ,grace4 ,oh6 ,i see 'em g by me4 ,ah6 ha6 ,john4 ,!n1 y mun ?9k1 ,mea/]1 !re 0 "s /[age = ! belly1 z well z ?' back too2 su* c>goes ( plum cake1 & baskets ( tongues1 & biscuits & *eese1 & cold boil$ beef1 & !n 9 case ( sickness1 bottles ( *]ry-br&y1 plague-wat]1 sack1 t5t1 & /rong be]1 s pl5ty z made ! owld coa* crack aga96 ,m]cy ^u 'em6 & s5d 'em all well to t[n1 ,i say4 ,manly4 ,ay6 & well on't aga91 ,john4 ,john4 ,ods bud6 ,mea/]1 y're a wise mon2 & = t matt]1 s am ,i4 ,:oam's :oam1 ,i say2 ,i'm sure we got b little good e'er we turn$ our backs on't4 ,no?+ b mis*ief6 ,"s devil's trick or o!r plagu$ u1 aw ?' day lung4 ,crack goes "o ?+3 ,bawnce goes ano!r4 ,woa1 says ,rog]4 ,!n s\se6 we are all set fa/ 9 a sleugh4 ,:aw6 cries ,miss2 scream g ! maids2 & bawl6 j z ?(' !y 7 /ruck6 ,& s1 m]cy on u6 ?is 0 ! trade f morn+ to night4 ,*apt] ! ,six? ,,e>ly ,,georgian ,,c>riages 8,may ! pr\d *>iot nev] be my fate1 ,if pur*as$ at s mean1 s de> a rate4 ,oh1 r give me sweet cont5t on foot1 ,wrapt 9 my virtue & a good surt\t40 ,,gay's ,trivia4 ,few new private c>riages seem to h be5 design$ dur+ ! e>li] decades ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 al?\gh improvem5ts & small alt]ations 7 con/antly be+ c>ri$ out4 ,!re is an isolat$ ref]5ce to a sociable built app>5tly 9 ,g]many1 & ! f\r-:eel$ *aise1 or *>iot l',anglaise1 :i* 0 to be s popul> ?irty or =ty ye>s lat]1 put 9 an appe>ance ab\t ?is "t4 ,( ! sociable little en\gh c be said4 ,! p>ticul> c>riage m5tion$ f its small size w\ld appe> to h be5 built = ! royal *ildr54 ,x 0 a l[-hung1 op5 c>riage ov] a s+le p]*1 & ) seats fac+ ea* o!r4 ,! f\r-:eel$ *aise 0 a small *>iot ) a wide w9d[ 9 front4 ,gray1 writ+ to 8 "m 9 #agci1 speaks ( ! ,fr5* *aise 9 :i* he 0 mak+ ! gr& t\r ) ,horace ,walpole4 8,! *aise10 he writes1 8is a /range sort ( conveyance1 ( mu* great] use ?an beauty2 resembl+ an ill-%ap$ *>iot1 only ) ! door op5+ be=e in/ead ( ! side4 ,?ree horses draw x1 "o betwe5 ! %afts1 & ! o!r two on ea* side1 on "o ( :i* ! po/illion rides1 & drives too3 ,?is vehicle w ^u occasion1 g f\rscore miles a day1 b ,mr4 ,walpole1 be+ 9 no hurry1 *ooses to make easy j\rnies ( x1 & !y are easy ones inde$2 = ! motion is mu* l t ( a s$an1 we g ab\t six miles an h\r1 & commonly *ange horses at ! end ( x4 ,x is true !y are n v graceful /e$s1 b !y g well1 & ?r\gh roads :i* !y say are bad = ,france1 b to me !y seem gravel walks & b[l+-gre5s2 9 %ort1 x w\ld be ! f9e/ travell+ 9 ! _w1 7 x n = ! inns40 ,su* a *aise z ,gray describes came to be kn[n z a dilig5ce1 :ile 9 ,engl& ! "o-horse *aise 0 m frequ5tly spok5 ( z a "o-horse *air4 ,contempor>y pr9ts ( c>riages1 h[ev]1 are sc>ce1 & = ! mo/ "p %[ only ! l>g] coa*es4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,/ate ,c>riage ( ,bav>ia4 ,e>ly ,eighte5? ,c5tury 7,f ,smi?'s 8,concise ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,c>riages07 ,^! coa*es 7 ( two di/9ct patt]ns4 ,!re 7 ! l>ge squ>e coa*es ( ,*>les ,,ii's "t1 b !re 0 also a new type ( coa* or *>iot :i* _h a curi\s backw>d tilt to ! body4 ,f a sup]ficial exam9ation ( su* a c>riage1 x w\ld appe> impossible = ! seats to h be5 horizontal1 &1 inde$1 "o wond]s :y ?is =m 0 adopt$4 ,! result ( ?is backw>d tilt 0 to leave a space betwe5 ! coa*man's box & ! c>riage-body itself4 ,"h "o ( ! grooms sat or sprawl$ z be/ he c\ld4 ,f\r1 five1 or ev5 six o!r grooms /ood uncom=tably huddl$ toge!r on a seat or slab at ! back4 ,^! m5 mu/ h add$ consid]ably to ! weight ( ! coa*1 & c]ta9ly did n make travell+ any swift]2 b h[ necess>y !y 7 is %[n by a lett] ( ! p]iod 9 :i* "o nobleman's s]vant 9 ,london in=ms ano!r 9 ,essex t my "l is resolv$ to set out4 ,! ,essex man is bidd5 to h 8! keep]s & p]sons :o "k ! holes & ! sl\ghs0 ready to meet 8 lord%ip 8) lant]ns & long poles0 to keep ! coa* on its way4 ,s _m accid5ts happ5$ ev5 on ! %orte/ j\rneys t five or six m5 7 necess>y to put ! coa* aright4 ,a road1 su* z we ?9k ( "o n[1 simply did n exi/4 ,y _h (t5 to drive across fields 9 tracks :i* exce$+ly heavy waggons _h made4 ,9 #agjc1 to take ano!r in/ance1 ! ,k+ ( ,spa91 !n 9 ?is c\ntry1 0 j\rney+ f ,portsm\? to ,w9dsor4 ,! difficulties he exp]i5c$ on t occasion 7 record$ by "o ( ! att5dants4 8,we set out at six 9 ! morn+ to g to ,petwor?1 & did n get out ( ! coa*es 7save only :5 we 7 ov]turn$ or /uck fa/ 9 ! mire7 till we arriv$ at our j\rney's end4 ',twas h>d s]vice = ! pr9ce to sit f\rte5 h\rs 9 ! coa* t day )\t eat+ any?+ & pass+ ?r\gh ! wor/ ways t ,i ev] saw 9 my life2 we 7 ?r[n b once inde$ 9 go+1 b bo? our coa*1 :i* 0 ! lead+1 & 8 highnesse's body-coa* w\ld h suff]$ v (t5 if ! nimble boors ( ,sussex _h n frequ5tly pois$ x or support$ x ) _! %\ld]s f ,goldalm9 almo/ to ,petwor?2 & ! ne>] we approa*$ to ! ,duke's h\se ! m unaccessible x seem$ to be4 ,! la/ n9e miles ( ! way co/ u six h\rs' "t to conqu] !m1 & inde$ we _h nev] done x if our good ma/] _h n sev]al times l5t u a pair ( horses out ( 8 own coa*1 :]eby we 7 enabl$ to trace out ! way = him40 ,aft] read+ su* an acc\nt1 x is difficult to und]/& :y any "o pref]r$ coa* to horseback on a cross-c\ntry j\rney4 ,no wond] ,gay 0 goad$ to ask3-- 8,:o c rec\nt ! coa*'s v>i\s h>ms1 ,! legs disjo9t$1 & ! brok5 arms80 8,9 ! wide gulph10 he says 9 ano!r place1 8! %att]'d coa* o'er?r[n ,s9ks ) ! snort+ /e$s2 ! re9s are broke1 ,& f ! crackl+ axle flies ! spoke40 ,yet1 accord+ to ,swift1 ,gay 0 n s av]se to ! coa* 9 8 lat] ye>s4 ,writ+ to him 9 #agca1 ! ,dean says3-- 8,if y\r ramble 0 on horseback1 ,i am glad ( x on acc\nt ( y\r heal?2 b ,i "k y\r arts ( pat*+ up a j\rney betwe5 /age-coa*es & fri5ds' coa*es3 = y are z arrant a cockney z any hosi] 9 ,*eapside4444 ,y love twelve-p5ny coa*es too well1 )\t consid]+ t ! int]e/ ( a :ole ?\s& p\nds br+s y b half a cr[n a day40 8,a coa* & six horses10 he goes on to say 9 ano!r lett]1 8is ! utmo/ ex]cise y c be>1 & ?is only :5 y c fill x ) su* company z is be/ suit$ to avoid y\r ta/e1 & h[ glad w\ld y be if x c\ld waft y 9 ! air to avoid jolt+40 ,!re is pres]v$ a *>iot ( ?is p]iod :i* is probably typical ( a nobleman's c>riage ( ! "t4 ,x 0 built = "o ( ! ,bligh family1 possibly ! fir/ ,"l ,d>nley1 ab\t #agbj4 ,x is a small c>riage1 curv$ curi\sly 9 a fa%ion :i* recalls "s ( ! ,fr5* furniture ( ! p]iod4 ,! body is slung ^u lea!r braces1 !re is a s+le wide p]*1 & !re are small elb[ spr+s "u ! body at ! back4 ,x is v elaborately ornam5t$1 & /ill keeps "s ( its pri/9e magnific5ce4 ,a curi\s po9t ab\t ! ,d>nley *>iot1 to :i* "s p h wrongfully ascrib$ a mu* e>li] date1 is ! l5g? ( ! door1 :i* rea*es ne>ly a foot bel[ ! bottom ( ! body4 ,a simil> peculi>ity is to be se5 9 ano!r coa* ( ! p]iod :i* 0 built 9 #agac = ! ,spani% repres5tative at ! "t ( ! ,peace ( ,utre*t4 ,"h 8! qu>t]s rake t[>ds ! ro( consid]ably1 ! ro( ov] ! doorway is ar*$ upw>ds1 ! upp] qu>t]s are fill$ ) l>ge glasses ( mirror plate glass4444 ,! :eels h c>v$ spokes & felloes4444 ,!re is a hamm]clo? cu%ion 9 front & a footbo>d support$ by ,tritons bl[+ horns40 ,ano!r ,spani% coa*1 ) spiral spokes & simil> peculi>ities1 is pres]v$ at ,madrid4 ,?is elongat$ door seems peculi> to ! p]iod & may h foll[$ ^u a desire to hide ! /eps1 ?\gh ! l[ness ( ! c>riage made m ?an "o or two ( ^! unnecess>y4 ,_m ( ! ,spani% coa*es ( ?is "t1 by ! way1 7 )\t ! coa*-box1 po/ilions only be+ employ$--! /ory be+ t a c]ta9 ,duke ( ,oliv>ez f\nd t 8 coa*man _h he>d & betray$ a ,/ate secret4 ,!re 01 ,i believe1 actually a law pass$ 9 ,spa9 =bidd+ coa*m5 altoge!r4 ,fr5* coa*es 7 v respl5d5t4 8,:5 ,i 0 9 ,france10 writes ,addison 9 "o ( ! e>li] ,spectators1 8,i us$ to gaze ) great ,a/oni%m5t at ! ,spl5did ,equipages & ,p>ty-,col\r$ ,habits1 ( t ,fanta/ick ,nation4 ,i 0 "o ,day 9 p>ticul> contemplat+ a ,lady1 t sate 9 a ,coa* adorn$ ) gild$ ,cupids1 & f9ely pa9t$ ) ! ,loves ( ,v5us & ,adonis4 ,! ,coa* 0 drawn by six milk-:ite ,horses1 & load5 beh9d ) ! same ,numb] ( p[d]'d ,footm54 ,j be=e ! ,lady 7 a ,c\ple ( beautiful ,pages t 7 /uck among ! ,h>ness1 &1 by _! gay ,dresses & smil+ ,features1 look$ l ! eld] ,bro!rs ( ! little ,boys t 7 c>v$ & pa9t$ 9 e corn] ( ! ,coa*40 ,! boys 8/uck among ! h>ness0 obvi\sly 7 re/+ 9 t space :i* 0 made by ! back-tilt+ ( ! body4 ,! ,vi5nese coa*es ( ?is "t seem to h _h a v great deal ( glass ab\t !m1 b ! ,turki% coa*es _h none4 ,writ+ home f ,adrianople 9 #agag1 ,lady ,m>y ,wortley ,montagu says3-- 8,design+ to g to ,sophia incognita1 ,i hir$ a ,turki% coa*4 ,^! voitures are n at all l ours1 b mu* m conv5i5t = ! c\ntry1 ! heat be+ s great t glasses w\ld be v tr\blesome4 ,!y are made a good deal 9 ! mann] ( ! ,dut* coa*es1 hav+ wood5 lattices pa9t$ & gild$2 ! inside be+ pa9t$ ) baskets & nosegays ( fl[]s1 int]mix$ commonly ) little poetical mottoes4 ,!y are cov]$ all ov] ) sc>let clo?1 l9$ ) silk1 & v (t5 ri*ly embroid]$ & fr+$4 ,?is cov]+ entirely hides ! p]sons 9 !m1 b may be ?r[n back at pleasure1 & ! ladies peep ?r\gh ! lattices4 ,!y hold f\r p v conv5i5tly1 seat$ on cu%ions1 b n rais$40 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,d>nley ,*>iot4 ,e>ly ,eighte5? ,c5tury 7,f ,smi?'s 8,concise ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,c>riages07 ,!y 71 x w\ld seem1 m]e cov]$ waggons1 &1 inde$1 9 ano!r place ,lady ,m>y speaks ( !m z su*4 ,turkey possess$ also 8op5 gild$ *>iots10 b 9 ^! ! wom5 7 n all[$ to drive4 ,russia1 too1 at ?is "t possess$ coa*es1 & we read t ,pet] ! ,great 9 8 trans-,european j\rney travell$ ) 8?irty-two f\r-horse c>riages & f\r six-horse waggons40 ,"o or two p>ticul>s are =?com+ ( ! royal coa*-h\se4 ,x conta9$ b two coa*es1 ) f\r places 9 ea*1 = ! use ( ! ,empress & a small]1 l[-hung c>riage1 pa9t$ r$1 = ! ,emp]or4 ,?is 0 replac$ 9 w9t] by a small sl$ge4 ,pet]1 h[ev]1 0 n fond ( 8 c>riage4 8,he nev]10 says ,waliszewski1#cf 8got into a coa*1 unless he 0 call$ ^u to d hon\r to "s di/+ui%$ gue/1 & !n he always made use ( ,m5%ik('s c>riages4 ,^! 7 magnific5t4 ,ev5 :5 ! fav\rite w5t out alone1 he drove 9 a gild$ fan-%ap$ coa*1 drawn by six horses1 9 crimson velvet trapp+s1 ) gold & silv] ornam5ts2 8 arms cr[n$ ) a pr9ce's coronet1 adorn$ ! panels2 lacqueys & runn+ footm5 9 ri* liv]ies ran be=e x2 pages & musicians1 dress$ 9 velvet1 & cov]$ ) gold embroid]ies1 foll[$ x4 ,six g5tlem5 att5d$ x at ea* door1 & an escort ( dragoons complet$ ! procession40 ,x is difficult to conceive ! appe>ance ( ?is fan-%ap$ coa*1 b x mu/ h be5 almo/ />tl+ly magnific5t1 j ! k9d ( c>riage = ! ,russian ,buck+ham4 ,9 ! imp]ial collection at ,pet]sburg are pres]v$ "o or two ,russian c>riages ( ?is p]iod4 8,"o10 says ,bridges ,adams1 8is close1 made ( deal1 /a9$ black1 m\nt$ on f\r :eels1 ! w9d[s ( mica in/ead ( glass1 & ! frames ( common t93 ! o!r is op51 ) a small ma*9e beh9d ( ! %ipwright-emp]or's inv5tion--its purpose to det]m9e ! numb] ( miles trav]s$ on a j\rney4 ,9 ! same collection10 he adds1 8is ! litt] ( ,*>les ,,xii us$ at ! battle ( ,pult[a40 ,9 ,engl& glass seems to h be5 res]v$ = ! private coa*es4 ,= ! common] hackneys a sub/itute _h be5 f\nd4 8,= want ( ,glasses to our ,coa*10 wrote ! inimitable ,n$ ,w>d 9 ,! ,london ,spy1 a book ^: outspok5ness un=tunately mu/1 ,i suppose1 h prev5t$ its repr9t+ 9 mod]n days1 8we drew up our ,t9 ,sa%es1 p9k'd l ! bottom ( a ,cull5d]1 t ! ,air might pass ?ro' ! holes1 & def5d u f ,/ifl+40 ,if1 h[ev]1 contempor>y plates are s+ul>ly sc>ce1 & ! hi/orians h little to say ( ! p]iod1 !re is a new s\rce ( in=mation to be tapp$1 at any rate 9 ?is c\ntry1 9 ! adv]tisem5ts :i* j n[ began to fill :ole pages 9 ! p]iodicals4 ,( ^! ,i may quote "o or two4 ,"o deals specifically ) ! "q ( glass w9d[s3-- 8,^! are to give notice to all ,p]sons t h occasions = ,coa* ,glasses1 or ,glasses = ,sa% ,w9d[s1 t !y may be furni%$ ) all sorts1 at half ! prices !y 7 =m]ly sold =40 ,twelve in*es squ>e co/ half a cr[n1 ?irty-six in*es two p\nds t5 %ill+s4 ,o!r adv]tisem5ts conc]n ! coa*es !mselves4 ,9 ,anne's day cala%es1 *aizes1 bo? two-& f\r-:eel$1 z well z ! l>g] *>iots--^! (t5 flamboyantly decorat$--7 con/antly = sale4 8,a v f9e ,,*aize10 we read1 8v well ,c>v$1 gild$ & pa9t$1 & l9$ ) ,blue ,velvet1 & a v good ,,horse = x1 are to be sold toge!r1 or ap>t40 8,a curi\s #d-,:eel ,,%aze1 ,crane ,neck'd1 little ! worse = we>+1 x is to be us$ ) #a or #b ,horses1 & !re is a f9e ,h>ness = "o ,horse1 & a ,reputable ,sumpture ,laop>d ,cov]+40 ,"h !n is m5tion ( a f\r-:eel$ *aise ) a p]* curv$ 9 front aft] ! ,g]man fa%ion4 ,o!r *aises = sale _h only two :eels3-- 8,at ! ,greyh\nd 9 ,we/ ,smi?field is to be sold a ,two-,:eel$ ,*aize1 ) a pair ( ,horses well mat*'d3 ,x has run ov] a ,bank & a ,dit* #e ,foot ,high2 & likewise ?r\gh a deep ,pit )9 ! ,r+ at ,hide ,p>k1 9 ! pres5ce ( sev]al p]sons ( ,quality2 :i* are v satisfi$ x _c be ov]turn'd ) fair ,driv+4 ,x is to be ,lett = #gs4 #f;d4 a ,day1 ) "s ,abatem5t = a long] ,"t40 ,"o is rem9d$ ( ,sir ,ri*>d ,bulkeley's wond]ful cala%4 ,"h 0 surely a rival4 ,cala%es 7 n[ common1 ?\gh precisely :at ! diff]5ce 0 betwe5 !m & ! two-:eel *aises ,i am unable to say4 ,inde$1 !re is "s confusion also betwe5 ! small *>iots & ! f\r-:eel *aises1 & ! words seem to h become int]*angeable4 ,bo? came to resemble ! c\p ( a lat] day1 be+ l a mod]n coa* ) ! front "p remov$4 ,sometimes ! coa*man's box 0 on a level ) ! ro(1 b (t5 mu* l[]1 & sometimes altoge!r abs5t1 ! horses be+ ridd5 by a po/ilion4 ,probably ! c>riage 0 call$ a *>iot :5 x possess$ a coa*man's box1 su* z 0 us$ 9 t[n1 & a *aise :5 x 0 abs5t4 ,x 0 a cala% t ,squire ,morley ( ,hal/ead wi%$ =1 b did n obta91 9 ,prior's ballad ( ,d[n-,hall1 #agae4 8,!n answ]'d ,squire ,morley2 ,pray get a cala%1 ,t 9 summ] may burn1 & 9 w9t] may spla%2 ,i love du/ & dirt2 & 'tis always my pleasure1 ,to take ) me mu* ( ! soil t ,i measure4 8,b ,mat!w ?\ght bett]3 = ,mat!w ?\ght "r1 ,& hir$ a *>iot s trim & s tight1 ,t extremes bo? ( w9t] & summ] might pass3 ,= "o w9d[ 0 canvas1 ! o!r 0 glass40 ,prior evid5tly lik$ ! *aises ( ,holl&4 8,:ile ) lab\r assidu\s due pleasure ,i mix1 ,& 9 "o day atone = ! bus9ess ( six1 ,9 a little ,dut* *aise on a ,saturday night1 ,on my left h& my ,horace1 a nymph on my "r3 ,no ,memoirs to compose1 & no ,po/-boy to move1 ,t on ,sunday may h9d] ! s(tness ( love2 ,= h]1 nei!r visits1 nor p>ties at tea1 ,nor ! long-w9d$ cant ( a dull ,refugee3 ,?is night & ! next %all be h]s1 %all be m9e1 ,to good or ill-=tune ! ?ird we resign3 ,?us scorn+ ! _w & sup]ior to fate1 ,i drive on my c> 9 processional /ate40 ,ano!r adv]tisem5t tells ( a g5tleman :o br\ght a "o-horse cala% to an ,inn ne> ,hyde ,p>k ,corn]1 took away ! horse t5 days lat]1 b left 8 c>riage 8z a pawn = :at 0 due = ! same40 ,9 a :ile ! inn-keep] 0 adv]tis+ ! fact t unless ! own] claim$ x )9 t5 days he %\ld sell ! c>riage = :at x w\ld fet*4 ,a m curi\s adv]tisem5t belong+ to ?is p]iod may be quot$ 9 full3-- 8,lo/ ! #bf? ( ,febru>y1 ab\t #i a ,clock at ,night1 betwe5 ! ,angel & ,cr[n ,tav]n 9 ,?readne$le ,/reet1 & ! end ( ,buckl]s ,b]ry1 ! side door ( a ,*>iot1 ,pa9t$ ,c(fee ,col\r1 ) a ,r\nd ,cyph] 9 ! ,pannel1 ,l9'd ) ,:ite ,cloa? embos'd ) ,r$1 hav+ a ,glass 9 "o ,frame1 & ,:ite ,canvas 9 ano!r1 ) ,r$ ,/r+s to bo? ,frames4 ,:oev] ha? tak5 x up are desir'd to br+ x to ,mr4 ,jacob's a ,coa*mak] at ! corn] ( ,/4 ,m>y ,ax ne> ,london ,wall1 :]e !y %all receive #cjs4 ,rew>d if all be br\ght ) x2 or if (f]'d to be ,pawn'd or ,sold1 desire x may be /op'd & notice giv51 or if already ,pawn'd or ,sold1 _! money aga940 ,at ?is "t1 if n be=e1 x became cu/om>y = weal?y p to possess coa*es us$ only :5 !y 7 9 m\rn+4 ,s we h3-- 8,at ,mr4 ,h>rison's1 ,coa* ,mak]1 9 ! ,broadway1 ,we/m9/]1 is a ,m\rn+ ,coa* & ,h>ness1 nev] us$1 ) a :ole ,=e ,glass1 & ,two ,glasses & all o!r ,mat]ials 7! ,p]son be+ deceas$72 also a ,m\rn+ ,*>iot1 be+ little us$1 ) all ,mat]ials likewise1 & a ,lea!r ,body ,coa*1 be+ v fa%ionable ) a ,coafoay ,l9+ & #d ,glasses1 & sev]al sorts ( ,%azesses1 at v reasonable rates40 ,:at ^! reasonable rates 7 does n appe>1 b we le>n f an agreem5t made 9 #agah betwe5 "o ,hodges1 a job-ma/]1 & a private g5tleman1 ! co/ ( hir+ a complete equipage4 ,hodges 0 to ma9ta9 8a coa*1 *>iot1 & h>ness neat & clean1 & 9 all mann] ( repair at 8 own *>ge1 n includ+ ! :eels1 = a consid]ation ( five %ill+s & sixp5ce a day--?is to include a pair ( well-mat*$ horses & a good1 sob]1 hone/1 cr$itable coa*man40 ,if extra horses 7 requir$ = c\ntry "w1 !y 7 to be _h = half a cr[n ! pair p] day4 ,& if ! coa*man %\ld break ! glass :5 ! coa* 0 empty1 ,hodges & n ! private g5tleman %\ld be responsible = ! damage4 ,f ano!r adv]tisem5t ( ab\t ! same "t comes ! in=mation t ! hamm]clo? ( c>riages 0 con/antly be+ /ol54 ,a%ton#cg gives ?ree su* adv]tisem5ts4 8,lo/ (f a ,g5tleman's ,coa* ,box a ,crimson ,c(foy ,hamm] ,clo?1 ) #b yell[ ,laces ab\t x40 8,lo/ (f a ,g5tleman's ,coa* ,box1 a ,blue ,hamm] ,clo?1 trimm'd ) a ,gold col\r'd ,lace t is almo/ turn'd yell[40 8,lo/ a ,r$ ,%ag ,hammock ,clo?1 ) :ite ,silk ,lace r\nd x1 embroid]'d ) :ite & blue1 & #c ,bulls ,heads & a ,squirrel = ! ,coat ( ,arms40 ,! etymology ( ?is hamm]clo?1 :i* 0 simply a cov]+ ov] ! coa*-box1 seems to h puzzl$ p consid]ably4 ,mo/ coa*build]s consid] t ! box b5ea? ! seat us$ to conta9 a hamm] & o!r tools necess>y 9 case ( a breakd[n1 :5ce ! "n4 ,! anonym\s au?or ( ! coa*-build+ articles 9 ! ,c>riage ,build]s' & ,h>ness-,mak]s' ,art ,j\rnal sc\ts ?is idea1 & sugge/s t x is m]ely a corruption ( hamp]-clo?--! box or *e/ hav+ orig9ally conta9$ a hamp] ( provisions4 ,! la/ adv]tisem5t quot$ above gives hammock-clo?1 :i* vaguely sugge/s susp5sion ( a k9d4 ,x is p]haps n a v important "q4 ,illu/ration3 ,que5 ,anne's ,procession to ! ,ca!dral ( ,s4 ,paul 7,f ,p5nant's 8,london07 ,adv]tisem5ts also m5tion a 8,curt9 ,coa* = #f ,p10 & 8a ,*asse m>e ,coa*10#ch :i* 0 "s =m ( cov]$ waggon2 b1 un=tunately1 ,i h n be5 able to discov] any in=mation ab\t !m4 ,! ,/ate ,coa*es ( ?is "t 7 z h&some z ev]4 ,george ,i1 ,mrs4 ,delaney has record$1 rode 9 a coa* t 0 8cov]$ ) purple clo?2 ! eight horses ! beautifulle/ creatures ( _! k9d 7 cream col\r0--! cu/om ( us+ cream-col\r$ horses /ill obta9s 9 ! ,/ate ,coa* ( ,great ,brita9--8! trapp+ purple silk1 & _! manes & tails ti$ ) purple rib&40 ,luttrell 9 8 ,di>y = ,may #bj?1 #agjg1 says ( a =eign coa*3-- 8,ye/]day ! ,v5etian ,ambassadors made _! public entry ?ro' ?is citty to ,som]set ,h\se 9 great /ate & spl5d\r1 _! ,coa* ( ,/ate embroid]$ ) gold1 & ! ri*e/ t ev] 0 se5 9 ,engl&3 !y _h two ) #h horses1 & eight ) #f horses1 trimm'd v f9e ) ribbons1 #dh footm5 9 blew velvet cov]'d ) gold lace1 #bd g5tlem5 & pages on horseback1 ) fea!rs 9 _! hats40 ,! ,v5etians app>5tly prid$ !mselves on a magnific5t display1 & f\r ye>s lat] ,swift1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s to ,/ella1 0 comm5t+ ^u _! ambassador's coa* aga9--8! mo/ mon/r\s1 huge1 f9e1 gilt ?+ t ev] ,i saw10 he says ( x4 ,e possible luxury 0 comm&e]$ = ^! ,/ate vehicles4 ,"o ( ! ,emp]ors built a coa* 8/udd$ ) gold0 = 8 bride4 ,ano!r's consort rode 9 a c>riage 8cov]$ ) p]fum$ lea!r40 ,! w$d+ c>riage ( ! fir/ wife ( ! ,emp]or ,leopold _h co/ #ch1jjj flor9s4 ,b ! ,au/rian ,/ate ,imp]ial ,coa*1 built 9 #afif1 0 p]haps ! mo/ gorge\s ( all4 ,imm5se sums too 7 be+ sp5t on coa*es by private individuals4 ,swift writes on ,febru>y #f?1 #agab3 8,no?+ has made s great a noise z "o ,kelson's *>iot1 t co/ n9e hundr$ & ?irty ,p\nds1 ! f9e/ 0 ev] se54 ,! rabble huzza$ him z mu* z !y did ,pr9ce ,eug5e40 ,fa%ion decre$ six horses4 8,i mu/ h ,six ,horses 9 my ,coa*10 says ,mrs4 ,plotwell 9 ! ,beau's ,duel1 8f\r are fit = ^? t h a ,*>ge ( ,*ildr51 y & ,i %all nev] h any02 & 9 ano!r ( ,mrs4 ,c5tlivre's com$ies1 ,luc9da says to ,sir ,toby ,d\btful3 8,y'll at lea/ keep ,six ,horses1 ,sir ,toby1 = ,i w\'d n make a ,t\r 9 ,high ,p>k ) less = ! ,_w3 = me ?9ks a pair looks l a ,hackney40 ,abroad ev5 m display 0 made4 8,two coa*es10 wrote ,lady ,m>y f ,naples 9 #agdj1 8two runn+ footm51 f\r o!r footm51 a g5tleman u%]1 & two pages1 are z necess>y "h z ! att5dance ( a s+le s]vant is at ,london40 ,nor 0 c>riage-driv+ conf9$ to ! g5try4 ,e retir$ tradesman appe>$ abroad 9 8 coa* & ap$ ! noble1 a matt] :i* di/urb$ ,sir ,ri*>d ,/eele1 :o 9 "o ( ! ,tatl]s drew att5tion to ! truly lam5table fact t y c\ld n possibly e/imate ! social position ( ! occupant ( a coa* by ! appe>ance ( 8 equipage4 8,= ! bett] und]/&+ ( ?+s & p]sons10 he writes1 89 ?is g5]al confusion1 ,i h giv5 directions to all ! coa*mak]s & coa*pa9t]s 9 t[n1 to br+ me 9 li/s ( _! sev]al cu/om]s2 & d\bt n1 b ) comp>+ ! ord]s ( ea* man1 9 ! plac+ ( 8 arms on ! door ( 8 *>iot1 z well z ! words1 devices & ciph]s to be fix$ ^u !m1 to make a collection :i* %all let u into ! nature1 if n ! hi/ory1 ( mank9d1 m usefully ?an ! curiosities ( any m$alli/ 9 ,europe4 ,x is high "t10 he cont9ues1 8t ,i call 9 su* coa*es z are 9 _! embelli%m5t improp] = ! "* ( _! own]s4 ,b if ,i f9d ,i am n obey$ h]e91 & ?9k ,i _c pull d[n ^? equipages already erect$1 ,i %all take ^u me to prev5t ! gr[? ( ?is evil = ! future1 by inquir+ into ! pret5sions ( ! p]sons1 :o %all h]eaft] attempt to make public entries ) ornam5ts & decorations ( _! own appo9tm5t4 ,if a man1 :o believ$ he _h ! h&some/ leg 9 ?is k+dom1 %\ld take a fancy to adorn s des]v+ a limb ) a blue g>t]1 he w\ld be ju/ly puni%$ = (f5d+ aga9/ ! ,mo/ ,noble ,ord]2 &1 ,i ?9k1 ! g5]al pro/itution ( equipage & ret9ue is z de/ructive to all di/9ction1 z ! imp]t95ces ( "o man1 if p]mitt$1 w\ld c]ta9ly be to t illu/ri\s frat]nity40 ,! temptation = display mu/ h be5 great4 ,no?+ attract$ ! public att5tion l a f9e coa*4 ,9 ! nor? ( ,scotl&1 inde$1 any c>riage caus$ ! pr(\nde/ a/oni%m5t4 8,i 0 ent]ta9$10 says a contempor>y writ]1 8) ! ,surprise & ,amusem5t ( ! ,common ,p :5 9 ! ye> #agbe a ,*>iot ) six mon/r\s great ,horses arriv$ "h by way ( ! ,sea ,coa/4 ,an ,elephant publicly exhibit$ 9 ! ,/reets ( ,london c\ld n h excit$ great] admiration4 ,"o ask$ :at ! ,*>iot 02 ano!r1 :o _h se5 ! g5tlem5 alight1 told ! fir/ ) a ,sne] at 8 ,ignorance1 x 0 a great c>t to c>ry p 91 & su* l40 ,& ev5 9 ,johnson's day1 :5 !re 7 few coa*es to be f\nd 9 ?is "p ( ! c\ntry1 ?\gh a light] vehicle call$ 9 old acc\nt books a *eas 0 sometimes us$1 public a/oni%m5t 0 great4 ,yet x 0 9 ! nor? ( ,scotl& t milit>y roads 7 con/ruct$ 9 #agbf & #agcg--n p>ticul>ly good roads1 b v necess>y--& ! fir/ ( _! k9d4 ,swift 9 ,apollo1 or a ,problem ,solv$1 satiris$ ! prevail+ luxury4 ,comp>$ ) ,apollo1 he says3-- 8,no heir ^u 8 fir/ appe>ance1 ,) tw5ty ?\s& p\nds a ye> r5ts1 ,e'er drove1 be=e he sold 8 l&1 ,s f9e a coa* along ! ,/r&3 ,! spokes1 we are by ,ovid told1 ,7 silv]1 & ! axle gold3 ,i own1 'twas b a coa*-&-f\r1 ,= ,jupit] all[s no m40 ,b :e!r ,jupit] all[$ x or n1 y\r fa%ionable dame _h six horses put into h] coa*1 & ! m grooms 9 att5dance ^u h]1 ! bett] = h] reputation z a ,p]son ( ,quality4 ,!re is a good /ory1 by ! way1 ( ,swift & a hackney coa*4 ,x is told by ,leigh ,hunt 9 8 essay on ,coa*es4 8,he 0 go+10 says ,hunt1 8"o d>k ev5+1 to d9e ) "s great man1 & 0 accompani$ by "s o!r cl]gym51 to :om he gave _! clue4 ,!y 7 all 9 _! canonicals4 ,:5 !y arrive at ! h\se1 ! coa*man op5s ! door1 & lets d[n ! /eps4 ,d[n /eps ! ,dean1 v rev]5d 9 8 black robes2 aft] him comes ano!r p]sonage1 equally black & dignifi$2 !n ano!r2 !n a f\r?4 ,! coa*man1 :o recollects tak+ up no great] numb]1 is ab\t to put up ! /eps1 :5 ano!r cl]gyman desc5ds4 ,aft] giv+ way to ?is o!r1 he proce$s ) great confid5ce to toss !m up1 :5 lo6 ano!r comes4 ,well1 !re _c1 he ?9ks1 be m ?an six4 ,he is mi/ak54 ,d[n comes a sev5?1 !n an eigh?2 !n a n9?2 all ) dec5t int]vals2 ! coa* 9 ! meantime rock+ z if x 7 giv+ bir? to s _m daemons4 ,! coa*man c conclude no less4 ,he cries out #8,! devil6 ! devil6' & is prep>+ to run away1 :5 !y all bur/ into laught]4 ,!y _h gone r\nd z !y desc5d$1 & got 9 at ! o!r door40 ,x may be t ! private coa*es & *>iots 7 r m com=table ?an ! hackneys1 b no?+1 x seems1 c\ld equal ! tortures :i* 7 inflict$ ^u ! un=tunate pass5g]s :o 7 =c$ to ride 9 ! public c>riages4 8,:5 our ,/rat=d ,tub10 writes ,n$ ,w>d1 8by ! ,assi/ance ( its ,c>rionly ,tits ( diff]5t col\rs1 _h outrun ! ,smoo?ness ( ! ,road1 & ent]'d ^u ,london-,/ones1 ) z frightful a ,rumbl+ z an empty ,hay-,c>t1 our ,lea!rn-,conv5i5cy#ci be+ b\nd 9 ! ,braces to its good ,behavi\r1 _h no m ,sway ?an a ,fun]al ,he>se1 or a ,c\ntry-,waggon1 t we 7 jumbl$ ab\t l s _m ,pease 9 a ,*ilds-,rattle1 runn+1 at e ,k5nel-,jolt1 a great haz>d ( a ,dislocation3 ,?is we endur$ till we 7 br\ght )9 ,:ite-,*appel ,b>s1 :]e we ,light$ f our ,/ubborn ,c>avan1 ) our ,elb[s & ,%\ld]s z ,black & ,blew z a ,rural ,joan1 t _h be5 "u ! ,p9*es ( an ,angry ,fairy4 ,our we>y ,limbs be+ r m ,tir'd ?an ,refre%'d1 by ! ,?umps & ,tosses ( our ill-contriv'd ,eng9e1 z unfit to move ^u a ,rugg$ ,pavem5t z a ,g\ty ,s9n] is to valt o'er ,london ,bridge1 ) 8 ,boots on4 ,= my "p1 said ,i1 if ?is be ! ,pleasure ( ,rid+ 9 a ,coa* ?ro' ,london-,/reets1 may ^? t l x enjoy x1 = x has loos5'd my ,joynts 9 s %ort a ,passage1 t ,i %all sc>ce recov] my =m] ,/r5g? ?is ,=tnight2 &1 inde$1 ( ! two1 ,i w\ld r *use to cry ,m\se-,traps = a ,livelihood1 ?an be oblig'd e day to be drag'd ab\t ,t[n "u su* uneas9ess2 & if ! ,qualities ,coa*es are z tr\blesome z ?is1 ,i w\ld n be b\nd to d _! ,p5nance = _! ,e/ates4 ,y mu/ consid]1 says my ,fri5d1 y h n ! "r ,knack ( ,hum\r+ ! ,coa*es ,motion2 = !re is z mu* ,art 9 ,sitt+ 9 a coa* f9ely1 z !re is 9 rid+ ! ,great ,horse2 & _m a y\ng] ,bro!r has got a good ,=tune by 8 ,g5teel ,/epp+ 9 & out1 :5 he pays a ,visit to h] ,lady%ip40 ,9 ,fleet ,/reet1 x seems1 ?+s 7 v bad4 8,! ,ratl+ ( ,coa*es10 says ,w>d1 8l\d z ! ,cat>acts ( ,nile ,rob'd me ( my ,he>+1 & put my ,head into z mu* disord] z ! untunable ,holl[s ( a ,rural ,mob at a ,c\ntry ,bull-,bait+40 ,m tr\ble foll[$ lat] 9 ! day4 8,n[1 says my ,fri5d1 ,i believe we are n tir$ ) ! ,lab\rs ( ! ,day2 let u !re=e ,d$icate ! latt] "p purely to our ,pleasure1 take a ,coa* & g see ,may-,fair4 ,w\ld y h me1 said ,i1 und]go ! ,puni%m5t ( a ,coa* aga91 :5 y "k ,i 0 made s great a suff]] by ! la/1 t x made my ,bones rattle 9 my ,sk91 & has br\ght z _m ,pa9s ab\t me1 z if tr\bl$ ) ,rheumatism4 ,t 0 a ,c\ntry ,coa*1 says he1 & only fit = ! ,road2 b ,london ,coa*es are hung m loose to prev5t y\r be+ ,jolt$ by ! ,r\ghness ( ! ,pavem5t4 ,?is ,argum5t ( my ,fri5ds prevail'd ^u me1 to v5ture my ,c>case a second ,"t to be ,rock'd 9 a ,hackney ,cradle4 ,s we took ,leave ( ! ,temple1 turn'd up )\t ,temple-,b>1 & !re took ,coa* = ! ,g5]al ,r5dezv\s a=em5tion$4 8,by ! help ( a great _m ,sla%es & ,hey-ups1 & aft] z _m ,jolts & ,jumbles1 we 7 dragg'd to ! ,fair1 :]e our ,*>iote] _h difficulty ) 8 f>e--! gay ladies refus+ to pay1 b "o ev5tually pl$g+ h] sc>f & tak+ 8 numb]40 ,x is to be rememb]$ t at ?is "t1 z 9 ! la/ c5tury1 ! hackney coa*es 7 us$ mu* 9 ! mann] ( ! mod]n omnibus4 ,y did n necess>ily h "o to y\rself4 ,! same held good ) reg>d to ! po/-*aises4 ,adv]tisem5ts 7 con/antly appe>+ = a 8p>tn]40 ,! uneasy motion :i* s di/urb$ ,n$ ,w>d 0 a matt] :i* 0 receiv+ ! att5tion ( c>riage-build]s1 b little en\gh 0 done4 ,yet 9 ,engl&1 ,france & ,spa91 q a numb] ( /range ma*9es 7includ+ "o :i* 0 suppos$ to g )\t horses7 7 inv5t$1 & _h _! day1 & disappe>$ into ! lumb]-room ( "t4 ,two 9 p>ticul>1 ?\gh 9 ! ma9 unsuccessful1 des]ve m5tion4 ,"o1 prop]ly belong+ to ! sev5te5? c5tury1 conc]n$ a new /eel spr+1 pat5t$ 9 #afia by a ,mr4 ,john ,gre54 ,x 0 ?us adv]tis$3-- 8,all ! nobility & g5try may h ! c>riages ( _! coa*es made new or ! old ones alt]$1 aft] ?is inv5tion1 at reasonable rates2 & hackney & /age coa*m5 may h lic5ces f ! ,pat5tees1 ,mr4 ,john ,gre5 & ,mr4 ,william ,dockwra1 8 p>tn]1 at ! rate ( #ab;d4 p] week1 to drive ! roads & /reets1 "s ( :i* hav+ ?is week began1 & may be kn[n f ! common coa*es by ! words pat5t ,coa* be+ ov] bo? doors 9 c>v$ lett]s4 ,^! coa*es are s hung z to r5d] !m easi] = ! pass5g] & less lab\r = ! horses1 ! g5tleman's coa*es turn+ 9 n>r[ /reets & lanes 9 z little or less room ?an any ,fr5* c>riage ) crane neck1 & n "o ?ird ( ! *>ge4 ,! mann] ( ! coa*man's sitt+ is m conv5i5t1 & ! motion l t ( a s$an1 be+ free f ! toss+ & jolt+ to :i* o!r coa*es are liable ov] r\gh & brok5 roads1 pavem5ts or k5nels4 ,^! great ,conv5i5ces 7besides o!rs7 are invitation suffici5t = all p]sons t love _! own ease & w\ld save _! horses draught1 to use ^! sort ( c>riages & no o!r1 s9ce ^! c>riages ne$ no alt]ation40 ,"h1 9 addition to ! spr+1 !re 0 "s k9d ( turn+ head--a "q :i* occupi$ ! att5tion ( design]s ?r\gh\t ! next c5tury1 b no?+ m ( ,mr4 ,john ,gre5 or ( 8 p>tn] 0 he>d (1 & 8 pat5t coa*es f\nd few if any pur*as]s4 ,! o!r contrivance 0 a primitive =m ( ge> inv5t$ by "o ,james ,r[e4 ,9 #agbg ?is ,r[e wrote a book--n1 h[ev]1 publi%$ until #agcd--;call$ ,all ,sorts ( ,:eel ,c>riage1 ,improv$4 ,?is 0 a small tract 8:]e9 is pla9ly made to appe>1 t a mu* less ?an ! usual ,draught ( ,horses1 etc41 w be requir$1 9 ,waggons1 ,c>ts1 ,coa*es1 & all o!r ,:eel ,vehicles0 by ! application ( small 8friction :eels & pulleys40 ,r[e obta9$ a pat5t = 8 ge> & app>5tly appli$ 8 small :eels to ! axle j )9 ! ord9>y :eels1 b 8 own coa* 0 probably ! only "o ev] to be s fitt$4 ,x 0 felt no d\bt t ! :ole "q 0 "o ( roads r ?an ( c>riages4 ,improve y\r roads1 & ! discom=ts ( travell+ w\ld disappe>4 ,! ,briti% /age-coa*es ( ?is "t 71 accord+ to ,sir ,walt] ,scott1 8con/ruct$ pr9cipally ( a dull black lea!r1 ?ickly /udd$1 by way ( ornam5t1 ) black-head$ nails trac+ out ! panels2 9 ! upp] ti] ( :i* 7 f\r oval w9d[s1 ) heavy r$ wood5 frames1 & gre5 /uff or lea!rn curta9s4 ,^u ! doors1 also1 !re appe>$ b little ( t gay blazonry :i* %9es ^u ! num]\s quadrigae ( ! pres5t "t2 b !re 7 display$ 9 l>ge *>act]s ! names ( ! places :5ce ! coa* />t$1 & :i!r x w5t1 /at$ 9 qua9t & anci5t language4 ,! vehicles !mselves v>i$ 9 %ape4 ,sometimes !y 7 l a di/ill]'s vat2 sometimes flatt5$1 & hung equally balanc$ betwe5 ! imm5se front & back spr+s2 9 o!r in/ances !y resembl$ a viol9cello case1 :i* 0 pa/ all comp>ison ! mo/ fa%ionable =m2 & !y hung 9 a m g5teel po/ure1 namely1 incl9+ on to ! back spr+s1 & giv+ to ^? :o sat )9 ! appe>ance ( a /iff ,guy ,faux1 uneasily seat$4 ,! ro(s ( ! coa*es1 9 mo/ cases1 rose into a swell+ curve1 :i* 0 sometimes surr\nd$ by a high iron gu>d4444 ,! coa*man1 & ! gu>d1 :o always held 8 c>ab9e ready b5t1 or1 z we n[ say1 cock$ ^u 8 knee1 !n sat toge!r2 n z at pres5t1 ^u a close1 compact v>ni%$ seat1 b ov] a v long & n>r[ boot1 :i* pass$ "u a l>ge spread+ hamm] clo?1 hang+ d[n on all sides1 & f9i%$ ) a fl[+ & mo/ luxuri\s fr+e4 ,beh9d ! coa* 0 ! imm5se basket /ret*+ f> & wide beyond ! body1 to :i* x 0 atta*$ by long iron b>s or supports pass+ b5ea? x2 ?\gh ev5 ^! seem$ sc>cely equal to ! enorm\s weight ) :i* !y 7 frequ5tly load$4 ,!y 71 h[ev]1 nev] v great fav\rites1 al?\gh _! diff]5ce ( price caus$ !m frequ5tly to be well fill$1 =1 z an anci5t ,teague obs]v$1 #8!y got 9 s long aft] ! coa*1 t !y ought to set out a day soon]1 to be !re at ! same "t4 ,arrah6' cont9u$ he1 #8c't !y give x ! two h9d :eels1 & let x g fir/8' ,! :eels ( ^! old c>riages 7 l>ge1 massive1 ill-=m$1 & usually ( a r$ col\r2 & ! ?ree horses t 7 affix$ to ! :ole ma*9e--! =emo/ ( :i* 0 help$ onw>d by c>ry+ a huge long-legg$ elf ( a po/illion1 dress$ 9 a cock$ hat1 ) a l>ge gre5 & gold rid+ coat--7 all s f> p>t$ f x by ! great l5g? ( _! traces1 t x 0 ) no little difficulty t ! poor animals dragg$ _! unwieldy bur!n along ! road4 ,x groan$1 & creak$1 & lumb]$1 at e fre% tug :i* !y gave x1 z a %ip1 rock+ or beat+ up1 ?r\gh a heavy sea1 /ra9s all h] timb]s ) a l[-moan+ s\nd1 z %e drives ov] ! cont5d+ waves40 ,no wond]1 said ,scott1 t at ?is "t p inv>iably made _! wills be=e sett+ out on a j\rney ( any l5g?4 ,! dang]s 7 manifold & v real4 ,9 ,france ! /age-coa*es1 or dilig5ces1 7 v simil> 8) l>ge bodies1 hav+ ?ree small w9d[s on ea* side & hung by lea!r braces on long p]* c>riages1 ) high h9d :eels & l[ front :eels1 )\t any driv+ box & fitt$ ) l>ge baskets1 back & front = pass5g]s or luggage2 !y 7 drawn by five horses & driv5 by a po/illion on ! (f :eel] in/ead ( ! ne> :eel] z 9 ,engl&40 ,"o1 at any rate1 ( ^! dilig5ces _h spr+s ( a k9d4 ,ano!r public coa* 9 ,france at ?is "t 0 ! gondola1 hold+ t5 or twelve pass5g]s inside1 ^! sitt+ sideways ) "o at ea* end1 a second attempt at a k9d ( omnibus4 ,/ill ano!r public vehicle popul> ab\t ?is "t 9 ,p>is 0 ! c\c\4 ,( ?is weird ma*9e ,rame says3-- 8,figure a box1 yell[1 gre51 br[n1 r$1 or sky blue1 op5 9 front1 hav+ two f\l b5*es :i* _h =m]ly be5 /uff$1 on :i* 7 plac$ six un=tunate voyag]s4 ,9 ! sides x _h1 "r & left1 "o or two squ>e op5+s1 to give air dur+ ! day or 9 summ]4 ,:ile ! int]ior 0 suffici5tly op5 to ! _w1 !re 0 built an apron 9 front1 fram$ 9 woodwork & cov]$ ) %eet iron4 ,^u ?is apron 0 ?r[n a ?ird b5*1 on :i* 7 seat$ ! driv] ( ! c\c\ & two pass5g]s :o 7 t]m$ lap9s 7rabbits740 ,! c\c\ 0 regul>ly to be se5 lumb]+ pa9fully along ) its t5 or a doz5 pass5g]s1 its snail's pace giv+ x ! ironical "n ( vig\reux4 ,! poor] p almo/ exclusively us$ ! c\c\1 al?\gh a sm>t woman ) h] pet dog1 or a g5tleman :o _h be5 unable to f9d a place 9 ! m ari/ocratic gondola1 7 occasionally to be se5 9 its int]ior s&wi*$ 9 betwe5 two peasants4 ,9 ,spa9 ! c\c\ f\nd an equival5t 9 ! gal]a1 :i* 0 provid$ ) ! ubiquit\s basket--a l[ waggon x 01 ) its sides =m$ ( a numb] ( wood5 spokes at a consid]able di/ance f ea* o!r1 & hav+ no bottom save a /rip ( sp>tum on :i* ! trunks & packages 7 heap$4 ,9 ,spa9 !re 7 sev]al types ( c>t1 two-or f\r-:eel$1 :i* likewise pli$ = pass5g] hire4 ,"o ( ^!1 call$ a correo real1 seems to h travell$ at r a great] pace1 ?\gh ) ev5 less com=t to ! un=tunate pass5g]s ?an ! o!rs4 ,a c5tury lat] ?is correo real 0 describ$ by ,?ophile ,gauti]1 :o speaks ( x z 8an ant$iluvian vehicle1 ( :i* ! model c\ld only be f\nd 9 ! fossil rema9s ( ,spa91 imm5se bell-%ap$ :eels1 ) v ?9 spokes1 consid]ably beh9d ! frame1 :i* _h be5 pa9t$ r$ some:]e ab\t ! "t ( ,isabella ! ,ca?olic2 an extravagant body full ( all sorts ( crook$ w9d[s1 & l9$ 9 ! inside ) small sat9 cu%ions1 :i* may at "s p]iod h be5 rose-col\r$1 & ! :ole decorat$ ) a k9d ( silk t 0 once probably ( v>i\s col\rs40 ,9 #agdc ! sy/em ( travell+ po/1 :i* s long be=e z #affd _h be5 common 9 ,france1 0 introduc$ into ,engl& by "o ,john ,trull1 an artill]y (fic]1 :o obta9$ a pat5t = lett+ c>riages = hire across c\ntry4 ,^! 7 ! po/-*aises1 ( :i* ! fir/ 7 two-:eel$ ) ! door 9 front--9 ?is respect be+ simil> to ! ,fr5* *aises de po/e1 f :i* ! idea 0 tak54 ,trull's s*eme1 h[ev]1 ?\gh successful 9 itself does n seem to h br\ght money to its inv5tor1 :o ?irty ye>s lat] di$ 9 ! ,k+'s ,b5*4 ,! door ( ^! fir/ po/-*aises 80 h+$ at ! bottom & fell =w>d on to a small da%] l a g5tleman's cabriolet10 & !re 0 a w9d[ on ei!r side4 8,x 0 hung ^u two v l(ty :eels10 says ,?rupp1 8& long %afts = "o horse1 & ! body 0 r 9 front ( ! :eels1 s t ! weight on ! horse's back mu/ h be5 consid]able4 ,x 0 susp5d$ at fir/ ^u lea!r braces only1 b lat] ^u two upright or :ip spr+s beh9d1 & two elb[ spr+s 9 front f ! body to ! cross-b>1 :i* jo9$ ! %afts & c>ri$ ! /ep40 ,soon1 h[ev]1 ^! po/-*aises 7 built ) f\r :eels1 & resembl$ ! ord9>y private *>iots ( ! day1 ?\gh )\t _! lavi% ornam5tation4 ,9 less ?an t5 ye>s1 h[ev]1 a l>g] body 0 giv5 to !m1 s t !y came to resemble ! coa* r ?an ! small] & slimm] *>iots1 :ile ! coa*man's box 0 made v mu* high]4 ,! po/-*aise became extraord9>ily popul>4 ,! lit]ature ( ! mid-eighte5? c5tury is full ( ref]5ces to x4 ,all k9ds ( adv5tures happ5$ to p 9 po/-*aises4 ,!y 7 se5 9 e "p ( ! c\ntry1 !y c\ld be hir$ "h1 !re1 & ev]y:]e4 ,dr4 ,johnson 0 only "o among/ ?\s&s :o lov$ !m4 8,if ,i _h no duties10 he records1 8& no ref]5ce to futurity1 ,i w\ld sp5d my life 9 driv+ briskly 9 a po/-*aise ) a pretty woman40 8,i h tri$ almo/ e mode ( travell+ s9ce ,i saw y10 wrote ,wilkes to 8 daught]1 89 a coa*1 *aise1 waggon1 boat1 treckscuyt1 tra9eau1 sl$ge1 etc4 ,i "k none s agreeable z my ,engli% po/-*aise40 ,"o ?9ks naturally ( ,laur5ce ,/]ne4 ,bo? 9 ,tri/ram ,%&y & 9 ! ,s5tim5tal ,j\rney he has mu* to say ( ! po/-*aises4 8,some?+ is always wrong10 he is grumbl+ some:]e1 89 a ,fr5* po/-*aise1 ^u fir/ sett+ out4444 ,a ,fr5* po/illion has always to alight be=e he has got ?ree hundr$ y>ds out ( t[n40 ,& !n1 ( c\rse1 !re is t nev]-to-be-=gott5 dsobligeante :i* he pur*as$ f ,m4 ,desse9 at ,calais4#dj 8,!re be+ no travell+ 9 ,france & ,italy10 he rec\nts1 8)\t a *aise--& nature g5]ally prompt+ u to ! ?+ we are fitte/ =1 ,i walk'd out into ! coa*-y>d to buy or hire some?+ ( t k9d to my purpose3 an old ,dsobligeante1 9 ! fur!/ corn] ( ! c\rt1 hit my fancy at fir/ sight1 s ,i in/antly got into x40 ,& !re x 0 9 t que] little c>riage :i* w\ld hold b "o p]son1 t ,/]ne wrote 8 fam\s ,preface ab\t ,travell]s1 8?\gh x w\ld h be5 bett]10 he obs]v$1 :5 int]rupt$1 89 a ,vis--,vis40 ,! p>ticul> dsobligeante seems to h prov$ satisfactory1 b = ! species ,/]ne c\ld n f9d mu* praise4 8,9 ,monsieur ,desse9's coa*-y>d10 he says1 8,i saw ano!r old tatt]'d dsobligeante2 & not)/&+ x 0 ! exact picture ( t :i* _h hit my fancy s mu* 9 ! coa*-y>d b an h\r be=e1 ! v sight ( x /irr'd up a disagreeable s5sation )9 me n[2 & ,i ?\ght 'twas a *urli% bea/ into ^: he>t ! idea c\ld fir/ ent]1 to con/ruct su* a ma*9e2 nor _h ,i mu* m *>ity = ! man :o c\ld ?9k ( us+ x40 ,x 0 c]ta9ly n a v sociable c>riage1 b !n nei!r 0 ! s$an3 bo? 7 v useful4 ,i may conclude ?is *apt] by draw+ att5tion to ! tax ^u coa*es :i* 0 levi$ at ! beg9n+ ( #agdg4 ,f ! fuss t 0 made :5 su* a bill 0 fir/ introduc$--x 0 tempor>ily ab&on$--y might imag9e t "o ( ! mo/ treasur$ articles ( ! ,con/itution 0 ab\t to be swept away4 8,x is impossible to express10 wrote a c\ntry cl]gyman to 8 bi%op 9 a lett] :i* des]ves quotation z af=d+ an insight into ! less] equipages us$ 9 ! c\ntry at ?is "t1 8! v>i\s impressions y\r lord%ip's lett]1 relat+ to ! tax ^u coa*es1 made "h2 z p imag9$ x a je/1 or s]i\s3 ,z mo/ incl9$ to ! =m]1 x w\ld be too t$i\s to tr\ble y ) ! witticisms & conundrums x occasion$4 ,b4 said ! ,*ur* 0 9 dang]2 ,c4 obs]v$ x w\ld be l ! gospel-fea/ inv]t$1 t ! maim$ & lame be+ ! only gue/s admitt$ !re1 w\ld be ! only ones exclud$ "h4444 ,z we h n[ no reason to d\bt su* a tax be+ really int5d$1 give me leave to repres5t to y our ?\ghts ( x "h4 ,my liv+1 y\r ,lord%ip kn[s1 is "u #gj p] ,ann41 yet out ( ?is1 "s ye>s s9ce1 ,i made a %ift to lay out six p\nds on an old *>iot1 :i*1 ) ! help ( my pl\ghman & a pair ( c>t-horses1 has drawn my wife1 etc41 half a mile to *ur*1 :o1 = ! future1 mu/ g 9 a c>t1 or /ay at home4 ,repairs1 etc41 h co/ me1 communibus annis1 = ! elev5 ye>s ,i h _h x1 ab\t #gs4 s ! int]e/ ( my money1 at #e p] c5t1 on ! #f & #gs4 9 repairs1 is #acs4 p] ,ann41 :i* ) tax on ?is my pomp\s luxury1 w be increas$ to #d #acs4 p] ,ann41 almo/ ! prime co/ ( sett+ up my ,equipage4 ,i am afraid ?is is n my case s+ly1 b w be f\nd pretty ne>ly s1 ( mo/ ( ! small cl]gy 9 ,engl&4 ,among ! laity we h sev]al g5tlem5 f>m]s1 :o manage1 9 "s degree1 ) ! same frugality1 & :o1 = ! same reasons1 are prep>$ to "p )1 or cont9ue !m accord+ to ! fate ( ?is bill2 insomu*1 t ,i c compute t 9 sixte5 p>i%es ,i h 9 my eye ?ree times t numb] ( coa*es w be dispos$ (1 = we look on ! same sum1 :i* is b a trifl+ duty on gr& equipages1 to am\nt to a prohibition on ours1 :i* resembles !m no m ?an a ragg$ coat does an embroid]$ suit4 ,i %all n dwell on ! quantity ( glass 7n to m5tion lea!r1 etc471 ?is w br+ to m>ket1 nor ! future consumption ( ^! commodities x w prev5t4444 ,to me ,i own x looks a little l ! son eat+ ! fa!r4444 ,h[ _m s+le g5tlem510 he goes on to ask1 aft] po9t+ out t x is ! poor] m>ri$ m5 :o w suff] mo/1 8f #b1 #c1 to #hjjl4 a ye>1 & m1 h no coa*es1 yet keep a /able ( hunt]s 7! wor/ ( :i* w\ld pur*ase my equipage7 & a pack ( h\nds1 :om ?is duty w n affect80 ,b ! bill 0 pass$1 & s we mu/ suppose t our cl]gyman & 8 f>m] fri5ds 7 =c$ to walk to *ur*4 ,"s v]ses pr9t$ 9 ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e at ?is "t may also be quot$ z reflect+ ! g5]al op9ion ab\t ! bill4 8,be=e ,bohemian ,anne 0 ,que51 ,a/ride _! /e$s 7 ladies se52 ,& good ,que5 ,bess to ,paul's1 ,i wot1 ,full (t a/ride has jogg'd on trot3 ,beaus !n c\ld foot x ?ro' all wea!r1 ,& no?+ fe>'d b we> ( lea!r4 ,b n[ 7s luxury decrees7 ,! poli%'d age rolls on at ease3 ,coa*1 *>iot1 *aise1 b]l91 l&au#da 7,ma*9es ! anci5ts nev] saw7 ,indulge our g5tle sons ( w>1 ,:o ne'er w m\nt triumphant c>4 ,! c>riage m>ks ! pe]'s degree1 ,& almo/ tells ! doctor's fee2 ,be>s ev'ry ?riv+ *ild ( art2 ,ev'n ?ieves to ,tyburn claim _! c>t4 ,o cruel law6 replete ) pa91 ,t makes u use our feet aga92 ,or1 half our pair oblig'd to lack1 ,bids u be/ride ! o!r's back4 ,a %ill+ /age w\ld suit ) _m1 ,:o _c rea* an eighte5 p5ny4 ,rock mu/ enhance ! price ( pills1 ,or drive aga9--"o pair ( :eels4 ,! graduate too w be to seek1 ,:o m\nts 8 *>iot twice a week3 ,= if ! hackneym5 %\ld grumble1 ,i fe> our ,phaeton#da mu/ tumble4 ,o cruel law6 to raise ! f>e ,( ,*ri/mas turkey1 *9e1 & h>e2 ,! vails or wages to retr5* ,( c\ntry s]v+-man or w5*1 ,:o twice a ye> ride up & d[n1 ,betwixt _! native place & t[n4 ,o cruel tax6 :o mu/ n say1 ,:i* only ^? :o w--ne$ pay80 ,f ?is bill1 ^? :o us$ ! "o-horse *aises c]ta9ly suff]$4 ,ru/icus !reupon (f]$ ! foll[+ advice to 8 fell[-suff]]s at ! "t ( ! next ,g5]al ,election3-- 8,ye :o late loll'd 9 easy *aise & "o1 ,& n[ mu/ walk1 or ride ,old ,grey or ,dun1 ,enquire :5 :eels 7 tax'd 7to m5d y\r fate7 ,:at patriots1 spokesm5 7 9 ! debate4 ,& get ?is act1 a promise to revoke1 ,or put into ea* spokesman's :eel a spoke40 ,*apt] ! ,sev5? ,,! ,,w> ,,( ,,! ,,:eels3 ,,) ,,"s ,,curiosities1 ,,regal ,,& ,,o!rwise 8,! morn+ came1 ! *aise 0 br\ght1 ,b yet 0 n all[$ ,to drive up to ! door1 le/ all ,%\ld say t %e 0 pr\d4 8,s ?ree doors (f ! *aise 0 /ay$1 ,:5 !y did all get 91 ,six preci\s s\ls1 & all agog ,to da% ?r\gh ?ick & ?940 ,john ,gilp94 8,9 my j\rney to ,london10 wrote an indignant correspond5t to ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e1 e>ly 9 #agdg1 8,i travell'd f ,h>bor\gh to ,nor?ampton1 & well 0 x t ,i 0 9 a light ,b]l91 & six good horses1 or ,i might h ov]laid 9 t turnpike road4 ,b = fe> ( life & limb1 ,i walk'd sev]al miles on foot1 met #bj waggons te>+ _! goods to pieces1 & ! driv]s curs+ & swe>+ = be+ robb'd on ! highway by a turnpike1 scre5'd "u an ,act ( ,p>liam5t40 ,^! turnpikes1 or toll-gates1 _h be5 b lately e/abli%$ 9 ,engl& = ! pres]vation ( ! roads4 ,t !y did v mu* imm$iate good1 h[ev]1 may be d\bt$4 ,a few ye>s aft]w>ds an ,engli% travell] 0 grumbl+ at ! sup]iority ( ! ,fr5* roads ov] our own4 8,no?+ piques me m10 he wrote 9 an amus+ly satirical passage1 8?an t a trump]y despotic ,gov]nm5t1 l ,france1 %\ld h en*ant+ roads f ! capital to ea* remote "p40 ,he seems to h tak5 tr\ble to f9d out ! cause = s lam5table a diff]5ce1 & = ?is purpose consult$ 8! mo/ solemn look+ waggon] on ! road40 8,?is prov'd to be ,jack ,:ipcord ( ,bl&=d4 ,jack's answ] 0 #8,t roads _h b "o object1 namely1 waggon-driv+4 ,t he requir'd b five feet w$? 9 a l9e :i* he resolv$ nev] to quit1 & all ! re/ might g to ! d---- l4 ,t ! g5try ought to /ay at home & be d---- & n run gossip+ up & d[n ! c\ntry4 ,b1 add$ ,jack1 we w soon cure !m1 = my bre?r5 s9ce ! late act h made a v[ to run our :eels 9 ! coa* qu>t]4 ,we tack on a six? or sev5? horse at pleasure4 ,:at a plague w\ld !y s5d u to ! galleys = ?is1 z papi%es d 9 beyond-sea c\ntries4'0 ,! ,act to :i* ,jack ref]r$ _h be5 pass$ 9 #agde4 ,x foll[$ ^u ! fact t :ile coa*es1 g5]ally speak+1 7 9 process ( becom+ light]1 c>ts & waggons 7 becom+ mu* heavi]4 ,& s x _h be5 propos$ t no waggon %\ld be drawn by m ?an f\r horses1 no matt] :e!r ^! 7 89 l5g?1 pairs or sideways10 & no c>t %\ld h m ?an ?ree4 ,e horse above ^! numb]s c\ld be =feit$ toge!r 8) all ge]s1 bridles1 halt]s1 h>ness & acc\trem5ts40 ,!re 7 to be collectors ( tolls1 & g5tlem5's private c>riages & purely agricultural waggons 7 to be exempt4 ,also c]ta9 roads1 presumably ^? b lately laid d[n accord+ to ! be/ ideas ( ! "t1 7 to be treat$ z outside ! scope ( ! ,act4 ,& if ! :eels ( ^! heavy waggons & c>ts possess$ 8:eels b\nd ) /reaks or tire ( ! bread? ( eight in*es at lea/ :5 worn & n set on ) rose-head$ nails10 !y might likewise be exempt4 ,?is ,bill gave rise to a curi\s wordy w>f>e1 :i* 0 c>ri$ on = "s ye>s1 & may be said to h int]e/$ p 9 ! g5]al que/ions ( :eel$ traffic "r on until ! "t :5 ,mc,adam's s*emes altoge!r alt]$ g5]al op9ion4 ,?is w>1 ( c\rse1 h>dly t\*$ private c>riages1 b 0 wag$ 9 s _m qu>t]s & ) su* v>i\s weapons t x des]ves "s m5tion 9 any acc\nt ( c>riages4 ,x 0 imm$iately 8object$ by multitudes0 t ! ,bill ( #agde w\ld 8greatly enhance ! price ( c>riage ( goods10 b its apologi/s argu$ t ev5 if x did1 bett]-design$ c>riages & c>ts w\ld be built1 s t ! roads w\ld improve1 & ! price ( c>tage ultimately g d[n4 8,x is urg$10 !y said1 8t light c>ts or waggons may be us$1 & ! horses draw d\ble1 z 9 ! rabbet waggons ( ,norfolk1 :i* improves ! road & contributes to exp$ition40 ,at an e>ly /age 9 ?is w> two factions arose4 ,on ! "o h& y _h coa*build]s & o!rs fill+ ! newspap]s & publi%+ tracts1 "s v s]i\s1 "s extraord9>ily ma!matical1 o!rs m]ely faceti\s1 to prove t ! roads c\ld be pres]v$ only by us+ v broad :eels--"s1 inde$1 advocat$ roll]s1 :i*1 z we %all see1 7 actually tri$--& on ! o!r h& y _h p fill+ m columns1 & v dull columns "s ( !m 71 to %[ t a l[ broad :eel 0 ! "o ?+ :i* no really satisfactory vehicle c\ld possibly possess4 ,^! 7 ! apologi/s = ! light] waggons ) l>ge b sl5d] :eels4 ,decrease y\r weight1 said !y1 & nev] m9d ab\t ! :eels2 x is ! great weight t ru9s ! roads4 ,h[ c y decrease ! weight1 ask$ ! broad-:eel faction1 )\t increas+ ! co/ ( c>riage8 ,increase ! co/ ( c>riage = a :ile1 0 ! reply1 & see :at happ5s to ! roads4 ,= a "t1 h[ev]1 ! broad-:eel faction held ! advantage1 & :5 fur!r legislation 0 made 9 #aged1 x 0 entirely 9 _! fav\r4 8,x is enact$ t aft] next ,mi*aelmas1 no :eel c>riage ( bur!n 7except x be drawn by ox5 only1 or if by horses ) less ?an five1 if a f\r-:eel$ c>riage1 ) less ?an f\r7 %all travel any turnpike road1 unless ! fellies ( ! :eels %all be n9e in*es f side to side "u a p5alty ( #e1 or ! =feiture ( "o ( ! horses1 ) all 8 acc\trem5ts1 to ! sole use ( ! p]son :o %all seize !m40 ,s soon z su* proposals _h become law1 x 0 ask$ ) "s p]t95ce3 :]e 7 ^! huge :eels to come f8 ,:at ( ! heavy exp5ses t w\ld fall on ! f>m]s8 ,! p>rot cry1 8,y\r :eels w co/ y m10 0 h9t$ at1 if n express$ 9 s mod]n a way4 ,argum5ts 7 put =w>d to %[ t ! correct height = :eels 0 any?+ betwe5 two & eight feet1 & ! correct bread? f ?ree to eighte5 in*es4 ,& ! disputes became t+$ ) p]sonalities4 ,b ! net result seems to h be5 t mo/ p f\ght %y ( ! v wide :eels1 & 7 cont5t to use less horses4 ,! w> dragg$ on1 & p>ticul> inv5tions to cope ) ! difficulty began to appe>4 ,a new tire 0 widely adv]tis$4 ,an en?usia/ic inv5tor occupi$ two or ?ree pages ( ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e ) details ( 8 p>ticul> waggon1 :i* _h ! front & back :eels ( v diff]5t sizes1 b :at exactly its advantages might be 7 n v cle> to any "o b himself4 ,!n on ! #ad? ( ,april1 #agfd1 "o ,daniel ,b\rn ( ,leom9/] produc$ a waggon on small roll]s4 ,?\gh x 0 unsuccessful1 x l$ ! way to fur!r exp]im5ts1 & z w be se5 f ! contempor>y acc\nt imm$iately bel[1 conta9$ at any rate "o novel feature :i* 0 subsequ5tly widely adopt$ n only 9 waggons & c>ts1 b also 9 f\r-:eel$ c>riages ( e description4 8,mr4 ,b\rn's new ma*9e = travell+ ! roads 0 tri$ aga9/ a common broad-:eel$ waggon1 b did n answ]1 ! common waggon go+ z well ) f\r horses1 z ! new "o ) eight4 ,! weight c>ri$ 0 five ton besides ! c>riage4 ,! :eels ( ?is waggon are #ad in*es2 ! =e :eels g )9 ! h9d :eels1 & are s %all[ z to turn "u ! b$ ( ! waggon4 ,! ,leom9/] /age waggon has ^! :eels40 ,! exp]im5t took place 8abrea/ betwe5 ! new road j by ,pancras to )9 a small di/ance ( ,bog-h\se ,b>40 ,app>5tly ! only advantage :i* ! new waggon possess$ 0 its ability to turn 9 a n>r[ road1 b al?\gh ,mr4 ,b\rn n only cont9u$ to build su* waggons1 b also answ]$ 8 oppon5ts 9 two tracts1 we he> little m ( him4 ,su* 8roll+-c>ts10 h[ev]1 7 also made by "o ,james ,%>pe1 ( ,lead5hall ,/reet4 ,%>pe 0 a pu%ful man4 ,he believ$ 9 8 sy/em1 & app>5tly made ^? 9 au?ority see its advantages4 ,8 roll]s1 y le>n1 7 cyl9d]s ( ca/ iron1 two feet 9 diamet] & sixte5 in*es broad4 ,an iron sp9dle 0 ins]t$ ?r\gh ! c5tre ( ea*4 ,sev]al ( ,%>pe's waggons 7 on ! roads1 b al?\gh e facility 0 giv5 !m1 !y nev] really took ! popul> fancy4 ,& inde$1 !y mu/ h be5 unc\? mon/]s rattl+ along ! roads some?+ aft] ! fa%ion ( ! /eam-roll] ( t5 ye>s ago4 ,j ab\t ?is "t1 too1 ! light-c>t faction %[$ t x 0 n 9 ! lea/ moribund4 ,x indit$ le>n$ & highly te*nical articles :i* ! newspap]s f\nd space to pr9t ) "s regul>ity4 ,a typical reply to su* articles 0 ins]t$ 9 ! ,public ,adv]tis] e>ly 9 #agfg3-- 8,!re are p1 ,i may say10 runs ?is mo/ impolite retort1 8a deprav$ ,numb]1 :o write long lett]s ^u ?is ,subject 9 an ignorant ,mann]4 ,_! ,errors confirm ,mank9d ( a s5sible ,turn :at ,measures ought to be tak5 = ! ,b5efit ( ! trad+ ,"p ( ?is ,nation4 ,! illit]ate ,scribbl]s he ! la/ correspond5t means to la% are ^? t insi/ ^u ! ,necessity ( ,horses go+ at l5g? in/ead ( be+ plac$ abrea/4 ,! ,p[] t draft ,horses h 9 be+ plac$ abrea/ is s well kn[n1 t 'tis amaz+ any body is absurd en\gh to advance a ,doctr9e to ! contr>y4 ,!n aga91 ^! delud$ ,idiots propagate1 t ! ,loads drawn by eight ,horses1 hav+ ! ,:eels plac$ n9e ,in*es )9 n9e1 are de/ructive to ! ,roads1 & t ! ,weight _h bett] be divid$ into sev]al n>r[ :eel$ ,c>riages4 ,be+ ?us de/itute ( ,judgm5t ^u ! ,subject1 !y d n reflect t ! m ,horses & ,c>riages ! m ! ,exp5ce increases1 consequ5tly t ! int]nal ,trade ( ?is ,k+dom w\ld advance 9 ?is ,article #ajj p] ,c5t4 ,"o ,waggon ) eight ,horses 9 ,pairs1 draw+ eight ,ton ^u ! new ,plan1 don't d ne> ! ,mis*ief t ! same ,weight w\ld 9 two ,waggons ) n>r[ ,:eels4 ,besides1 f\r ,horses at l5g? _c draw f\r ,ton ,weight4 ,a late trifl+ ,writ] ^u ! ,subject says1 ! ,appe>ance ( a broad ,:eel ,waggon 0 t]rific4 ,i ?9k he may be pron\nc$ a ,cockney )\t ,c]emony--a ,cit t c>ries 8 ,wife & ,*ildr5 f\r ,miles out ( ,t[n 9 a ,tim-,:isky1 &1 be+ mo/ likely an aukw>d ,driv]1 suff]s ! ,squalls ( 8 ,horn-mak+ ,sp\se to al>m 8 ,dove-l ,pusillanimity40 ,su* a man1 ! article goes on to say1 w\ld surely be fright5$ if he saw a ?ree-ma/] sail+ ! seas1 & he & 8 k9d _h bett] keep quiet ^u a subject ( :i* !y appe>$ s entirely & pitiably ignorant4 ,! conte/ began to embrace wid] issues ?an ! m]e :eels ( waggons4 ,x took 9 ! :ole "q ( :eel$ c>riages4 ,x ev5 w5t s f> z to include a d5unciation ( ! g5]al policy ( ! ,gov]nm5t1 ^: legislation1 or lack ( x1 on ?is vex$ "q 01 s ! light-c>t faction ma9ta9$1 lead+ directly to an increase 9 ! price ( provisions4 ,no?+1 app>5tly1 0 "r4 ,if waggons 7 con/ruct$ on pr9ciples :i* 7 z bad z !y c\ld be1 s 7 ! ,/age-coa*es1 :i* also 7 us+ ! public roads1 ?\gh "s ( ! controv]siali/s seem$ to =get ! fact4 8,we are desir$10 runs a p>agraph 9 ! newspap]s ( ?is "t1 8to in=m ! ,ma/]s ( ,/age-,coa*es1 ,ma*9es1 c41 t _! pres5t ,me?od ( hang+ _! ,c>riages high ) a l[ ,=e-,:eel1 & ! body ( ! ,coa* hung =w>ds ) ! ,/ems ( ! ,box lean+ likewise =w>ds1 is all ^u a ridicul\s wrong ,pr9ciple1--! ,effect ( ! ,/upidity ( ,coa*m5 & ,:eelwrights2 t if !y pursue ! foll[+ ,regulations1 !y w f9d ! same ,advantage t ! ,nobility & ,g5try h already done by adopt+ ?is ,plan3 ,let ! =e ,:eels be ?ree ,feet1 six1 eight1 or t5 ,in*es high1 ! ,/ems ( ! ,box upright1 & admit z little ,weight =w>d z possible ^u ! l[ ,:eel2 ! ,body ( ! ,coa* to hang l[ = ! ,conv5i5ce ( ,pass5g]s1 z no ,b5efit arises f its ,hang+ high to ! ,horses1 _! ,advantage lay+ intirely ^u ! ,height ( ! ,=e-,:eels40 ,?is 9 its turn 0 argu$4 ,!n came a proposal to tax private c>riages accord+ to ! numb] ( horses us$1 & see :e!r su* rev5ue w\ld n c\nt]balance 9 "s way ! increase 9 ! prices ( provisions1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 0 foll[+ on ?is et]nal wrangle ( ! waggons4 ,also !re 0 m legislation4 ,"s ( ! new regulations read curi\sly4 8,no tree or bu% is to be all[$ to gr[ or /& )9 fifte5 feet ( ! c5t] ( ! highway1 on =feiture ( #ajs4 by ! own]40 ,c>tways 7 to be at lea/ tw5ty feet wide1 & horse causeways ?ree feet wide4 ,no waggon ) m ?an f\r horses might h :eels less ?an n9e in*es 9 wid?1 & "s "o on horseback or on foot _h to g 9 front ( x4 ,m criticism fill$ ! newspap]s1 & m inv5tions appe>$4 ,meet+s 7 held4 ,"o adv]tisem5t :i* appe>$ 9 #agfg has an agreeable air ( my/]y ab\t x4 8,all p]sons work+ ,%od-:eel'd ,c>ts1 ,waggons1 ,drays1 c4 ( all ,bread?s1 are desir$ to meet at ! ,sun ,tav]n 9 ,/4 ,paul's ,*ur*y>d1 on ,friday next1 at f\r o'clock 9 ! ,aft]noon4 ,enquire = ,no4 #a40 ,& m pamphlets appe>$1 b ! roads fail$ to improve4 ,!n 9 #aggj ano!r ,act 0 pass$ giv+ privileges to ! roll]-c>ts :i* 7 d5i$ to ! ord9>y waggons4 8,all c>riages10 x ord]$1 8mov+ ^u roll]s ! bread? ( fifte5 in*es1 are all[$ to be drawn ) any numb] ( horses1 or o!r cattle40 ,&1 z a fur!r inducem5t1 su* c>ts 7 to be toll-free = a ye>4 ,mr4 ,%>pe1 ( ,lead5hall ,/reet1 prosp]$1 & wrote to ! pap]s to say s4 ,! roll]s1 he ma9ta9$1 7 light & /rong1 & !re 0 consid]ably less friction :5 !y 7 us$4 ,& he *all5g$ ! _w to disprove 8 /atem5t4 ,:]eupon an anonym\s writ] belong+ to ! rival faction--possibly ,joseph ,jacob1 a coa*build] :o _h already writt5 aga9/ ! sy/em--ent]$ ! field1 & v5tur$ to sugge/ t ca/ iron 0 exce$+ly brittle & n v light4 ,mr4 ,%>pe spe$ily repli$4 8,! pr9ciple10 he said1 & 8 po9t is ( int]e/1 8^u :i* roll+ c>riages are adopt$ is simply ?is1 ,t1 by ! use ( !m ! roads may be made smoo? & h>d1 & by t means1 become "p ( ! me*anism3 = ?us ! roll]s are made to answ] all ! purposes ( light :eels40 ,! anonym\s writ] appe>s to h felt ! po9t ( ?is argum5t1 & 0 =c$ to retort1 q unwor?ily1 t 9 any case ,mr4 ,%>pe's roll]s 7 n 8 own ideas4 8,no10 repli$ ,%>pe1 8!y 7 ,mr4 ,daniel ,b\rn's idea--a v s5sible man & good me*anic1 & :o 0 also ! fir/ contriv] ( n9e-in* broad :eels1 :o s long z t5 or elev5 ye>s ago built a waggon on roll]s at ,leom9/] :]e he !n liv$1 & br\ght x to ! ,society ( ,arts & ,sci5ces 9 ! ,/r&1 by :om ^u trial x 0 reject$40 ,! anonym\s writ] left x at t1 b ! controv]sy rag$ fi]cely4 ,x became s highly te*nical & app>5tly s int]m9able t somebody sugge/$ we %\ld all use fly+ ma*9es & leave ! wret*$ roads to look aft] !mselves4 ,we may leave ! w> ( ! :eels "h4 ,! roll]-c>ts 7 disc>d$ soon aft]w>ds1 & ,m',adam & 8 successors r5d]$ = ev] su* w>s unnecess>y4 ,b x mu/ n be :olly neglect$1 & is a t9y *apt] by itself 9 ! hi/ory ( locomotion4 ,we come to ! curiosities4 ,to ?is p]iod belongs ! pres5t ,/ate ,coa* ( ,great ,brita9--t fam\s 8glass-coa*0 :i* ,london]s _h an opportunity ( see+ at ,k+ ,george's ,coronation4 ,:o built x is n kn[n4 ,sir ,william ,*amb]s1 8an amateur10 z ,?rupp is c>eful to po9t out1 design$ x 9 #agfa = ,george ,,iii4 8,!re is come =?10 wrote ,walpole to ,horace ,mann1 8a new ,/ate ,coa* :i* has co/ #hjjj4 ,x is a beautiful object1 ?\gh cr[d$ ) improprieties4 ,its supports are ,tritons1 n v well adapt$ to l& c>riage1 & =m$ ( palm trees1 :i* are z little aquatic z ,tritons are t]re/rial4 ,! cr[d to see x on ! op5+ ( ,p>liam5t 0 great] ?an at ! ,coronation1 & mu* m damage done40 ,! ornam5tation ( ! coa*1 inde$1 is a mass ( contradictions1 b ,sir ,william ,*amb]s did no m ?an foll[ tradition4 ,= ov] a c5tury ! pr9cipal ,/ate ,coa*es _h _h ,tritons & o!r que]ly inept figures1 & ,tritons !re 7 9 ! new coa* = ,k+ ,george4 ,gorge\sness 0 aim$ at1 & gorge\sness obta9$4 ,!re is a detail$ contempor>y description ( ?is coa* :i* may be giv5 ) an acc\nt ( ! exp5diture1 n q #hjjj z ,walpole writes1 :i* x entail$4 8,! c>riage is compos$ ( f\r ,tritons1 :o support ! body by cables fa/5$ to ! roots ( _! f9s3 ,! two plac$ on ! front ( ! c>riage1 be> ! driv] on _! %\ld]s1 & are repres5t$ 9 ! action ( s\nd+ %ells to ann\nce ! approa* ( ! mon>* ( ! sea2 & ^? on ! back "p1 c>ry ! imp]ial fasces1 topt ) trid5ts in/ead ( ! anci5t axes4 ,! driv]'s footbo>d is a l>ge scollop %ell1 support$ by a bun* ( re$s1 & o!r m>9e plants4 ,! pole repres5ts a bundle ( lances1 & ! :eels are imitat$ f ^? ( ! anci5t triumphal *>iots4 ,! body ( ! coa* is compos$ ( eight palm-trees1 :i*1 bran*+ out at ! top1 su/a9 ! ro(4 ,! f\r angul> trees are load$ ) trophies1 allusive to ! victories obta9$ by ,brita9 dur+ ! c\rse ( ! pres5t glori\s w>4 ,on ! c5t] ( ! ro( /& ?ree boys1 repres5t+ ! ,g5ii ( ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 & ,irel&1 support+ on _! heads ! ,imp]ial ,cr[n1 & hold+ 9 _! h&s ! scept]1 ! sword ( /ate1 & ensigns ( knigh?ood4 ,_! bodies are adorn$ ) fe/oons ( laurel1 :i* fall f !nce t[>ds ! f\r corn]s ( ! ro(4 ,! int]vals betwe5 ! palm-trees :i* =m ! body ( ! coa*1 are fill$ 9 ! upp] p>ts ) plates ( glass1 & bel[ ) pannels adorn$ ) pa9t+s4 ,on ! front pannel is repres5t$ ,,britannia seat$ on a ?rone1 hold+ 9 h] h&1 a /aff ( lib]ty1 att5d$ by ,religion1 ,ju/ice1 ,wisdom1 ,val\r1 ,=titude1 & ,victory1 pres5t+ h] ) a g>l& ( laurels4 ,on ! back pannel1 ,neptune issu+ f 8 palace1 drawn by sea-horses1 & att5d$ by ! ,w9ds1 ! ,riv]s1 ,tritons1 ,naids1 c41 br++ ! tribute ( ! _w to ! ,briti% %ore4 ,on "o ( ! doors are repres5t$ ,m>s1 ,m9]va1 & ,m]cury1 support+ ! ,imp]ial ,cr[n ( ,brita92 & on ! o!r1 ,indu/ry & ,+5uity1 giv+ a cornucopia to ! ,g5ius ( ,engl&4 ,! o!r f\r pannels repres5t ! lib]al ,arts & ,sci5ces protect$2 ,hi/ory burn+ ! implem5ts ( w>4 ,! inside ( ! coa* is l9$ ) ,crimson ,velvet ri*ly embroid]$ ) gold4 ,all ! wood "w is triple gilt1 & all ! pa9t+s highly v>ni%$4 ,! h>ness is ( ,crimson ,velvet1 adorn$ ) buckles & o!r embeli%m5ts ( silv] gilt2 & ! saddle-clo?s are ( ,blue ,velvet1 embroid]$ & fr+$ ) gold40 ,! acc\nt 0 z foll[s3-- s4 d4 ,coa*mak] #afgc #ae #j ,c>v] #bejj #j #j ,gild] #icc #ad #j ,pa9t] #cae #j #j ,laceman #gcg #aj #g ,*as] #ffe #d #f ,h>nessmak] #che #ae #j ,m]c] #bjb #e #aj-a_/b ,bitt-mak] #ii #f #f ,mill5] #ca #c #d ,sadl] #aj #af #f ,wooll5-drap] #d #c #f ,cov]-mak] #c #i #f ------------------------------ #gefb #d #c-a_/b ,h>dly less respl5d5t 0 ! ,"l ,mayor's coa* :i* _h be5 built at a co/ ( ov] a ?\s& p\nds 9 #ageg1 & /ill p]=ms its duties at /at$ & regul> int]vals4 ,x 0 9 #agaa t a ,"l ,mayor ( ,london _h ridd5 = ! la/ "t on horseback 9 8 ,/ate procession1 ?is di/9ction fall+ to ,sir ,gilb]t ,hea?cote4 ,s9ce t date he has be5 driv5 9 8 coa*4 ,! #ageg coa* 0 n at fir/ ! prop]ty ( ! corporation1 b _h be5 built by subscription among/ ! ald]m51 to :om x belong$ until #aggh1 :5 ! corporation b\ght x4 ,9 t ye> x _h be5 repair$ & repa9t$--! panels possibly by ,cipriani1 ! h]aldic devices by ,catton1 "o ( ! orig9al memb]s ( ! ,royal ,academy & 8coa*-pa9t] to ,george ,,iii40 ,! ,"l ,mayor's coa*1 l _m o!r ,/ate coa*es ( ?is date1 is full ( allegorical devices ( ornam5tation1 v plutocratic1 v ri*1 v gorge\s1 & incid5tally r m com=table to drive 9 ?an t 9 :i* ! ,briti% ,sov]eign drives to 8 ,coronation4 ,com+ to less] matt]s1 we h m5tion ( a c>riage :i* p]=m$ a rem>kable feat 9 #agej4 8,on ,w$nesday #bi10 runs a notice ( ?is1 8at sev5 9 ! morn+ 0 decid$ at ,newm>ket a rem>kable wag] = #ajjj gu9eas1 laid by ,!obald ,taaff1 ,esq41 aga9/ ! ,e4 ( ,m>* & ,"l ,egl+ton1 :o 7 to provide a f\r-:eel c>riage ) a man 9 x to be drawn by f\r horses #ai miles 9 an h\r2 :i* 0 p]=m$ 9 #ec m9utes & #bg seconds4 ,! pole 0 small b lapp'd ) f9e wire2 ! p]* _h a plate und]nea?1 two cords w5t on ea* side f ! back c>riage to ! =e c>riage1 fa/5$ to spr+s3 ! h>ness 0 ( ?9 lea!r cov]$ ) silk2 ! seat1 = ! man to sit on1 0 ( lea!r /raps & cov]$ ) velvet2 ! axles ( ! :eel 7 brass1 & _h t9s ( oil to drop sl[ly = an h\r4 ,! bree*5s = ! horses 7 :ale-bone2 ! b>s 7 small wood1 /raight5$ ) /eel-spr+s1 z 7 mo/ p>ts ( ! c>riage1 b all s light t a man c\ld c>ry ! :ole ) ! h>ness40 ,!n foll[$ ! names ( ea* ( ! f\r horses--all _h rid]s--& 8"l ,m>*'s groom sat 9 ! c>riage4 ,two or ?ree o!r c>riages _h be5 made be=e1 b disapprov$2 & sev]al horses kill$ 9 trials--to ! exp5ce ( #f or #gjjl40 ,n[ su* a c>riage--!re is a pr9t ( x by ,bodg]--01 ( c\rse1 little m ?an a freak4 ,x 0 a m]e skeleton1 fragile & entirely useless z a mode ( conveyance ov] ! ord9>y roads4 ,b ! k ( ^? n9ete5 miles cov]$ easily )9 ! h\r mu/ h set p ?9k+4 ,su* a spe$ 0 almo/ incr$ible to ^? accu/om$ to five or six miles an h\r4 ,! c>riage itself 0 ! "w ( ,mr4 ,j4 ,wright1 a coa*mak] 9 ,longacre1 already becom+ ! home ( 8 bro!r tradesm51 & x 0 d\btless exhibit$ 9 ,london4 ,x %[$ :at c\ld be done1 & mu/ h op5$ out agreeable vi/as4 ,tw5ty miles an h\r 0 some?+ to aim =1 & ) ! w> ) ,france conclud$1 p 7 able & will+ to give r m att5tion to ! peaceful arts4 ,among/ o!r ?+s !y %[$ a desire = /range vehicles4 ,i h m5tion$ ! roll+-c>ts2 !re 7 f> que]] c>riages1 z we %all see1 us$ by ! g5try4 ,! next curiosity ,i may speak ( 0 se5 9 ! /reets ( ,london dur+ ! foll[+ ye>4 8,an odd ma*9e1 l an ,engli% waggon1 drawn by #aj horses1 aft] ! ,dani% mann]1 belong+ to ,b>on ,ros5crantz1 ! new ,dani% envoy1 came to 8 h\se 9 ,clevel& ,r[1 ,/4 ,james's1 f ,h>wi*2 a coa*man drove x & a po/ilion rode ^u ! #d? horse40 ,x sugge/s r a primitive type ( coa*1 possibly innoc5t ( spr+s4 ,:at ! ,b>on suff]$ dur+ 8 j\rney ?r\gh ,ea/ ,anglia mu/ be left to ! imag9ation4 ,eight ye>s lat]1 on ,augu/ #cj?1 #ageh1 ano!r /range c>riage 0 se54 8,?is day a rem>kable c>riage set out f ,ald]sgate-/reet = ,birm+ham1 f :i* x arriv$ on ,?ursday la/ full ( pass5g]s & baggage1 )\t us+ coomb1 or any oily1 unctu\s1 or o!r liquid matt] :atev]1 to ! :eels or axles1 its con/ruction be+ su* z to r5d] all su* helps useless4 ,! inv5tor has caus$ to be engrav$ on ! boxes ( ! :eels1 ^! words1 ,,friction ,,annihilat$1 & is v positive t ! c>riage w cont9ue to g z long & z easy1 if n long] & easi]1 )\t greas+1 ?an any ( ! ord9>y /age-c>riages w d ) x3 ,?is inv5tion1 if really answ]able 9 practice1 is p]haps ! mu/ useful improvem5t 9 me*anicks t ?is c5tury has produc$40 ,illu/ration3 8,! ,c>riage ,mat*0 7,f a ,pr9t by ,bodg]7 ,"o w\ld l to "k :o 0 ! inv5tor ( ?is coa*1 :i*1 h[ev]1 did n prosp]--,i d\bt if x p]=m$ ano!r j\rney--= x dropp$ out ( hi/ory z sudd5ly z x _h appe>$4 ,x w\ld seem t ! inv5tor 0 a ,birm+ham man4 ,possibly he 0 help$ 9 8 s*eme by a v extraord9>y "* :o liv$ & fl\ri%$ 9 t t[n at ?is "t--,john ,bask]ville1 successively footman1 s*oolma/]1 grav]1 japann]1 typef\nd]1 & pr9t]--a man ^: beautifully pr9t$ books h h>dly be5 excell$ to ?is day4 ,bask]ville _h made a =tune japann+ bread-baskets & ! l1 & n[ drove ab\t ! c\ntry wond]fully dress$ 9 a coa* app>5tly ( 8 own design--he 0 a man :o _h to d ev]y?+ = himself1 & be+ ( some:at ecc5tric disposition1 nev] did any?+ l anybody else--& 8 coa*1 l 8 h\se & 8 pr9t+ & 8 religi\s op9ions1 0 l no?+ 9 ! _w4 ,he _h a consid]able idea ( 8 own importance1 & 8 coa* 0 a reflection ( 8 "*4 ,) its wond]ful arms--! real ,bask]ville arms1 to :i* ! pr9t] _h no "r :atev]--x 0 /&+ until q rec5tly 9 an old b>n 9 a field at ,manton4 ,x 0 ?us describ$ fifty ye>s ago3-- 8,! body hangs by d\ble /raps1 f ! coa*man's seat "u ! c>riage1 to :i* !y are fa/5$1 to ! frame beh9d4444 ,x c\ld be ei!r clos$ or op51 & :5 op5 ! lea!r top 0 roll$ back ^u cross$ /raps hung f ! coa*man's seat1 & hooks secur$ to ! front "p ( ! body4 ,! :ole framework ( ! c>riage has be5 elaborately c>v$ & gilt1 & ! panels pa9t$ ) :at appe>s to be a br[ni% gre51 ) fl[]s & vases1 rock & %ell-"w1 among :i* 7 num]\s figures ( boys & emblems4 ,9 ! c5tre panel on ea* side 7 ! arms1 on ! side panel ! cre/44440 ,none ( ! panels 7 id5tical1 b all _h be5 decorat$ by 8 workm54 8,! patt]n-c>t ( 8 trade10 ,hutton1 ! ,birm+ham hi/orian1 calls ?is curiosity1 :i* 0 once famili> to e village 9 ! ,midl&s1 & 8 daught]1 ,ca!r9e ,hutton1 c\ld rememb] ! pr9t]1 89 8 gold-lac$ wai/coat1 & 8 pa9t$ *>iot1 ea* panel a picture1 fre% f 8 own manufactory ( japann$ tea-bo>ds40 ,a mo/ extraord9>y conveyance appe>$ 9 ,london 9 #agga--?is be+ 8,mr4 ,moore's new-inv5t$ ,coal-c>riage10 ! :eels ( :i* 7 no less ?an fifte5 feet high4#db ,a great conc\rse ( p foll[$ x ?r\gh ! /reets1 & no d\bt applaud$ its ability to draw two caldrons & two sacks ( coal1 us+ only two horses abrea/1 8) m ease & exp$ition ?an ! common c>ts d "o caldron ) ?ree horses at l5g?40 ,un=tunately ,i h n be5 able to discov] a pr9t ( ?is mon/r\s vehicle1 :i*1 l s _m ( ! o!r mid-c5tury freaks1 disappe>$ almo/ at once4 ,to ?is p]iod also belongs t wondr\s phaeton1 :i* 9 a few ye>s ?reat5$ to become s l(ty z to sugge/ to "s +5i\s arti/ ! possibility ( apply+ to x "s pantograph arrangem5t :]eby its seat c\ld be rais$ or l[]$ at w4 ,?is pr9t1 call$ ,! ,new ,fa%ion$ ,phaeton--,sic itur ad ,a/ra1 0 publi%$ 9 #aggf1 a curi\s mezzot9t %[+ a lady ( fa%ion /epp+ out ( a fir/-floor w9d[ into ! seat ( a phaeton :i* has be5 rais$ to ! requir$ height4 ,! phaetons1 inde$1 seem to h be5 built high s9ce _! inv5tion1 & ! importance ( ?is feature mu/ n be ov]look$1 :5 "o rememb]s t almo/ e c>riage1 bo? ,engli% & =eign1 0 hung enorm\sly high 9 ! la/ ye>s ( ! c5tury1 n9e or t5 /eps be+ sometimes necess>y to get inside4 ,exactly :5 or :]e ! phaeton 0 fir/ made ,i _c det]m9e1 b1 l ! l&au1 :i* has g5]ally1 ?\gh incorrectly1 be5 consid]$ to h be5 fir/ built 9 #ageg1 x is m5tion$ s e>ly z #agdg 9 ! poem quot$ at ! end ( ! la/ *apt]4 ,t x 0 already popul> ) ! fa%ionable p is %[n by ,tom ,w>ton's poem1 ,! ,phaeton & ! ,"o ,horse ,*air1 :i* 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e = ,decemb]1 #agei4 ,?is is wor? quot+ 9 its entirety3-- 8,at ,blagrave's once ^u a "t1 ,!re /ood a phaeton sublime3 ,unsully'd by ! du/y road ,its :eels ) rec5t crimson gl['d2 ,its sides display'd a dazzl+ hue1 ,its h>ness tight1 its l9+ new3 ,no s*eme-enam\r$ y\?1 ,i we51 ,survey'd ! gaily deck'd ma*9e1 ,b fondly long'd to seize ! re9s1 ,& :irl o'er ,campsfield's tempt+ pla9s4 ,mean "t x *anc'd1 t h>d at h& ,a "o-horse *air _h took its /&2 ,:5 ?us our vehicle begun ,to sne] ! luckless *air & "o4 #8,h[ c\ld my ma/] place me "h ,)9 ?y vulg> atmosph]e8 ,f classic gr\nd pray %ift ?y /ation1 ,?\ scorn ( ,ox=d education6 ,y\r homely make1 believe me1 man1 ,is q ^u ! ,go?ic plan2 ,& y1 & all y\r clumsey k9d1 ,= l[e/ purposes design'd3 ,fit only ) a "o ey'd m>e1 ,to drag1 = b5efit ( air1 ,! c\ntry p>son's pregnant wife1 ,?\ fri5d ( dull dome/ic life1 ,or1 ) 8 maid & aunt1 to s*ool1 ,to c>ry ,dicky1 on a /ool4 ,or1 haply to "s *ri/'n+ gay1 ,a brace ( godmo!rs convey4-- ,or1 :5 ble/ ,saturday prep>es ,= ,london tradesm5 re/ f c>es1 ',tis ?9e1 o'er turnpikes newly made1 ,:5 timely %['rs ! du/ h laid1 ,to be> "s ald]man s]5e ,to fragrant ,hamp/ead's sylvan sc5e4 ,nor high] sc>ce ?y m]it rises ,among ! poli%'d dons ( ,isis4 ,hir'd = a solit>y cr[n1 ,can/ ?\ to s*emes invite ! ,g[n8 ,g1 tempt "s prig1 pret5d+ ta/e1 ,) hat new cock'd & newly lac'd1 ,o'er mutton *ops1 & scanty w9e1 ,at humble ,dor*e/] to d9e6 ,mean "t rememb]1 lifeless drone6 ,i c>ry ,bucks & ,bloods alone4 ,& oh6 :5 'er ! wea!r's fri5dly1 ,:at inn at ,wall+=d or ,h5ley1 ,b /ill my va/ importance feels1 ,& gladly greets my entr+ :eels4 ,& ?9k1 ob$i5t to ! ?rong1 ,h[ yon gay /reets we sneak along3 ,:ile all ) envi\s wond] view ,! corn] turn'd s quick & true4' ,to *eck an up/>t's empty pride1 ,?us sage ! "o horse *air reply'd4 #8,pray1 :5 ! consequ5ce is weigh'd ,:at's all y\r _s & p>ade8 ,f mir? to grief :at sad transitions1 ,to brok5 bones--& impositions6 ,or if no bones are broke1 :at's worse1 ,y\r s*emes make "w = ,glass & ,n\rse4 ,on u pray sp>e y\r ke5 reproa*es1 ,f "o-horse *airs m5 rise to coa*es2 ,if calm discretion's /eadfa/ h&1 ,) cauti\s skill ! re9s comm&1 ,f me fa9 heal?'s fre% m\nta9 spr+s1 ,o'er me s(t snugness spreads h] w+s3 ,& innoc5ce reflects h] ray ,to gild my calm seque/]'d way2 ,e'en k+s might quit _! /ate to %>e ,cont5tm5t & a "o horse *air4-- ,:at ?\gh1 o'er yond] e*o+ /reet1 ,y\r rapid :eels res\nd s sweet1 ,%all ,isis' sons ?us va9ly prize ,a rattle ( a l>g] size8' ,blagrave1 :o dur+ ! dispute1 ,/ood 9 a corn]1 snug & mute1 ,surpriz'd no d\bt1 9 l(ty v]se1 ,to he> 8 c>riages conv]se1 ,) solemn c>e1 o'er ,ox=d ale1 ,to me disclos'd ?is wondr\s tale4 ,,moral 8,?+s may be useful if obscure2 ,! pace t's sl[ is (t5 sure2 ,:5 empty pageantries we prize1 ,we raise b du/ to bl9d our eyes4 ,! ,gold5 ,mean c be/ be/[ ,safety = unsub/antial ,%[40 ,f ?is poem x is possible to und]/& t ?is new-fangl$ c>riage 0 us$ r z a toy ?an any?+ else4 ,t x 0 dang]\s cle>ly appe>s1 & x 0 ?is v dang] :i* mu/ h contribut$ n a little to its popul>ity4 ,x 0 driv5 at a v great rate1 & ) a recklessness t excit$ ! ang] ( ! common] folk--unless1 z 0 (t5 ! case1 x excit$ _! admiration in/ead4 ,! phaeton 0 ! mo/ sport+ c>riage y c\ld h4 ,x l5t itself to ! idea ( rac+1 & !re 0 always ! *ance t an accid5t might be fatal--an allurem5t 9 itself4 ,& s 9 a v few ye>s !re 0 h>dly a fa%ionable "y g5tleman 9 ,london :o did n possess "o ( ^! c>riages & drive ab\t1 insol5tly />+ d[n f 8 enorm\sly high seat on to ! heads ( ! cr[ds bel[4 ,exp]im5ts1 too1 7 be+ made ) !m4 ,! position ( ! body 0 gradually br\ght =w>d until x 0 directly ov] ! front axle4 ,9 #agff 8! ,hon4 ,sir ,francis ,blake ,delavel1 ,knight ( ! ,ba?10 0 exp]im5t+ ) a 8new-inv5t$ phaeton ! o!r side ( ,we/m9/] ,bridge1 :]e he put 8 horses 9 a full gallop1 & 9 a mom5t1 by pull+ a /r+1 ! horses gallop$ (f & left him 9 ! c>riage1 :i* /ood /ill40 ,sir ,francis 0 app>5tly work+ at "s contrivance to be us$ 9 case ! horses *ose to run away--a common occurr5ce1 no d\bt1 & apt to be f> m dang]\s to ! driv] ?an w\ld be ! case ) o!r c>riages1 = ! body ( ^! e>ly phaetons 0 slung high above ! und]c>riage by ! mo/ delicate supports1 :i* b5t & creak$ & 7 obvi\sly unfitt$ to be> any great /ra94 ,! body itself mu/ h resembl$ t ( ! curi\s *aises :i* 7 /ill to be se5 at ?is "t 9 ,france & ,italy--j a small *air v>ni%$ & sometimes pa9t$1 fix$ to f\r ?9 & (t5 c>v$ & curl$ po/s1 :i* z (t5 z n rose m]ely f ! %afts1 !re be+ no spr+s ( any k9d4 ,! %afts 7 v long1 & ! common practice seems to h be5 to drive two horses t&em1 )1 no d\bt1 a po/ilion on ! lead]4 ,! phaeton 0 probably slimm] ?an ^! equally curi\s vehicles1 & mu* high]1 & _! ability to turn corn]s ) ease may be d$uc$ f ! l9es j quot$4 ,illu/ration3 8,phaetona1 or ,mod]n ,female ,ta/e10 #aggf ,illu/ration3 8,sir ,gregory ,gig0 7,f a ,pr9t by ,bunbury1 #aghb7 ,a phaeton built = a lady is %[n 9 a pr9t publi%$ 9 #aggf1 call$ ,phaetona2 or ,mod]n ,female ,ta/e4 ,"h ! c>riage has a v small body1 hung v high on l>ge :eels1 ! und]c>riage be+ abnormally long 9 consequ5ce4 ,! two horses :i* draw x are v und]siz$--ano!r peculi>ity possibly dem&$ by contempor>y fa%ion4 ,two ye>s lat] ! sc&al\s ,t[n & ,c\ntry ,magaz9e publi%$ a %ort & probably true tale call$ ,! ,rival ,phaetons1 :i* %[s to :at l5g?s1 or1 r1 :at heights ! ,bucks ( ! "t w\ld g4 8,"l ,m----10 x runs1 8emul\s ( %9+ 9 ! mo/ elevat$ sph]e1 fir/ drove a phaeton sev5 feet f ! gr\nd3 ,sir ,john ,lade imm$iately made an addition ( a sup]num]>y travell+ case to 81 & rais$ x six in*es high]4 ,"l ,m---- appli$ imm$iately to 8 coa*mak] 9 ,liquor-pond-/reet = two travell+ cases1 ) :i* he spe$ily drove ab\t ! /reets = ! ent]ta9m5t ( ! public4 ,sir ,john ,lade 0 /ung to ! quick2 & ,"l ,m---- 's r\nd hat 0 n[ a m]e pigmy to 84 ,8 ,lord%ip1 happy at rival inv5tions1 imm$iately add$ two m horses to 8 triumphal c>1 & drove f\r = exp$ition1 f ,grosv5or ,squ>e to ,gray's-inn-lane4 #8,n[1 my ,lad1' said he1 #8,i h y2' b h[ va9 are ! boa/+s ( mank9d8 ,! knight appe>$ ! v next day ) a phaeton & six 9 ,holborn4 #8,z\nds1' said 8 lord%ip1 #8?is is too mu*6 :at %all ,i d8--h[ c ,i mat* my f\r ) two m8 ,no cr$it at my bank]'s--9 arre>s ) my horse-deal]--,i am at my wit's end4 ,john1 ,i %all n take an air+ 9 ,smi?field to-day2 ,i'll give my horses "s re/--!y 7 h>d work$ ov] ! /ones ye/]day4' ,"h ! conte/ n[ lies--its importance mu/ be obvi\s to e behold]--8 lord%ip has n slept ^! ?ree nights1 & x is imag9$ he w at l5g? be oblig$ to take ! h9t f ,colman's prologue to ! ,suicide1 & prepo/]\s z x may appe>1 add a fif? :eel to 8 phaeton4 ,sir ,john is greatly elat$1 & may lit]ally be said to be 9 v high spirits ^u 8 tempor>y triumph40 ,writ+ to ,mann 9 ,june1 #agee1 ,walpole1 aft] regrett+ ! abs5ce ( social news 9 ,engl&1 m5tions ! late/ ,p>is fa%ion4 8,all ! news f ,france10 he says1 8is t a new madness reigns !re1 z /rong z t ( ,pant9s 04 ,?is is la fureur des cabriolets1 ,anglic1 "o-horse *airs1 a mode introduc$ by ,mr4 ,josiah ,*ild2 !y n only univ]sally g 9 !m1 b we> !m2 t is1 ev]y?+ is to be en cabriolet2 ! m5 pa9t !m on _! wai/coats & h !m embroid]$ = clocks to _! /ock+s2 & ! wom51 :o h gone all ! w9t] )\t any?+ on _! heads1 are n[ muffl$ up 9 great caps cala% hoods ) r\nd sides1 9 ! =m (1 & sc>ce less ?an ! :eels ( *aises40 8,! cabriolet head-dress10 says ,wright1#dc 80 soon improv$ into po/-*aises1 *airs-&-*airm51 & ev5 broad-waggons40 ,s we h ,a ,mod]n ,morn+1 publi%$ 9 #ageg3-- 8,!n ,caelia to h] toilet goes1 ,att5d$ by "s fav\rite beaux4 #8,nelly6 :y1 :]e's ! creature fl$8 ,put my po/-*aise ^u my head4' #8,y\r *air-&-*airman1 ma'am1 is br\ght4' #8,/upid6 ! creature has no ?\ght6' #8,&1 ma'am1 ! mill9] is come1 ,%e's br\ght ! broad-:eel'd waggon home4'0 ,9 :i* /ructures ,caelia sallies =?4 ,^! cabriolets rivall$ ! phaetons z fa%ionable c>riages1 & inde$ z ! new gigs came to resemble !m 9 e po9t save ! numb] ( ! :eels4 ,!re is a pr9t by ,colley1 dat$ #agha1 %[+ "o ( ^! new gigs4 ,! small *air1 v high1 hold+ two p1 is support$ by long curv$ supports1 :i* 9 !mselves ( c\rse act$ z spr+s ( a k9d4 ,two horses are be+ driv5 t&em1 ) a po/ilion driv+ ! lead]4 ,ano!r pr9t1 by ,bunbury1 call$ ,sir ,gregory ,gigg1 %[s a "y man driv+ a pair ( horses abrea/4 ,he is seat$ 9 a /ill small]1 & slightly l[]1 *air4 ,?is 0 a curricle r ?an a cabriolet1 & x 0 su* a c>riage :i* ! bragg>t sportsman1 ,john ,?orpe1 describes to ,ca?>9e 9 ,nor?ang] ,abbey3 8,curricle-hung1 y see1 seat1 trunk1 sword-case1 spla%+ bo>d1 lamps1 silv]-m\ld+1 all1 y see1 complete2 ! ironwork z good z new1 or bett]4 ,he ! fir/ own] ask$ fifty gu9eas2 ,i clos$ ) him1 ?rew ! money d[n1 & ! c>riage 0 m9e40 ,! %ape ( ^! curricles is well se5 9 ,bunbury's draw+4 ,a glance at ! newspap] adv]tisem5ts ( ! day w af=d an insight into ! v>i\s c>riages 9 use4 ,s1 = in/ance1 9 #agfg we h3-- ,an exce$+ good ,po/ *>iot1 ! ,box to take (f4 ,a neet g5teel ,s+le ,horse ,*aise1 pa9t$ gre51 & hung ^u ,/eel ,spr+s4 ,an exce$+ f9e black geld+ t goes well 9 an ,italian ,*air1 ) a ,tail4 ,a v neat fa%ionable ,*aise4 ,a v good second-h& ,phaeton ,*aise1 t goes ei!r ) "o horse or two1 ) ,%afts1 ,poles1 & ,h>ness suitable1 ,/eel ,spr+s1 & ,iron ,axletrees4 ,also a good second-h& ,l&au1 :i* alt]s occasionally into a ,phaeton1 /eel spr+s & ,iron ,axletrees to ! ,c>riage4 ,! l&au1 by ! way1 0 a rec5t inv5tion 7?\gh made1 z we h se51 be=e #ageg7 :i* may be dismiss$ ) ! obs]vation t x 0 a coa* made to op5 :5 requir$4 ,& put up = auction toge!r on "o occasion 73-- ,a gre5 w9dsor *air1 ,a good ,po/-,coa*1 ,a ,po/ ,l&au1 ,a v neat ,italian ,*air1 #c old ,*>iots1 #d ,po/-,*aises1 & #c s+le ,*aises4 ,s run ^! adv]tisem5ts1 ) scraps ( in=mation int]sp]s$ & little puffs ( ! adv]tis] on e o!r l9e4 ,:at ! w9dsor *air 0 ,i h n be5 able to discov]2 b x is to be notic$ bo? t ,italian *airs 7or *aises7 7 app>5tly popul>1 & t ! ,engli%-built c>riages 7 be+ con/ruct$ on r a l(ti] scale4 ,! curi\s reason = ?is w appe> 9 ! next *apt]4 ,mean:ile ,i may conclude by draw+ att5tion to two o!r adv]tisem5ts ( a curi\s nature4 ,! fir/ ( ^! deals ) a hackney coa*man :o _h refus$ to c>ry a f>e4 ,! second1 :i* ,i d n ?9k has be5 repr9t$ s9ce x orig9ally appe>$ 9 #agfg1 %[s ! dang]s to :i* travell]s 7 /ill liable4 ,f ! "t :5 ! dramati/ ,congreve _h be5 appo9t$ a ,commission] = ,lic5s+ ,hackney ,coa*es 7#afie7 !re _h be5 frequ5t legislation ) reg>d to ^! hackney coa*es4 ,at ?is "t !re 7 /r+5t regulations1 "s ( :i* are /ill 9 =ce1 ) reg>d to ! tak+ up ( pass5g]s4 ,x 0 ! refusal ( a coa*man to drive a g5tleman :o _h hail$ him t l$ to ! foll[+ pitiful notice3-- 8,:]eas ,i ,william ,=d1 late driv] ( an hackney coa*1 ,no4 #fid1 did refuse to c>ry a g5tleman1 & did also grosly abuse him2 = ?is ,i 0 f9$ ?irty %ill+s by ! ,commission]s4 ,i !n mo/ wick$ly & falsely swore an assault aga9/1 & _h ! same g5tleman c>ri$ be=e ,sir ,john ,field+1 :o dis*>g$ ! w>rant4 ,= ?is false imprisonm5t1 ,i _h a prosecution comm5c$ aga9/ me1 & ?\gh ,i made frequ5t application = p>don1 ,i c\ld n obta9 x until ! exp5ce am\nt$ to a sum :i* has almo/ ru9$ me1 & :i* ,i h paid4 ,i !re=e volunt>ily 8 ins]t ?is z a caution to o!r hackney coa*m51 :o well "k t x is f ! hope ( =giv5ess1 :i* !y too (t5 meet1 t !y v5ture s d>+ly to abuse & insult _! f>e4 8,,william ,x ,,=d 8,8 m>k40 ,x 0 ?is same ,sir ,john ,field+1 ! bl9d magi/rate1 :o ins]t$1 "s little "t aft]w>ds1 ! foll[+ w>n+ to travell]s & o!rs3-- 8,to ! ,/age ,coa*m51 ,c>ri]s1 ,book-keep]s1 8,tradesm5 9 g5]al1 & o!rs4 8,public ,(fice1 ,b[ ,/reet1 ,septemb] #bd1 #agfg4 8,a mo/ necess>y caution at ?is season ( ! ye>4 8,! rema9d] ( t ,gang ( unhappy wret*es1 :o live 9 ,idl5ess & subsi/ on ,plund]1 & :o make x _! p>ticul> ,bus9ess1 f ?is ,"t to ! ,end ( ,w9t] to cut (f ,trunks f beh9d ,po/ ,*aises1 to /eal ,goods out ( ,waggons1 f ! ,baskets ( ,/age-,coa*es1 ,boots ( ,hackney ,coa*es1 & out ( ,c>ts :i* c>ry ,goods to & f ,inns1 c4 7?\gh b few 9 ,numb]7 hav+ already begun to wait 9 ! ,dusk ( ! ,ev5+s1 at ! diff]5t ,av5ues lead+ to ,t[n1 & at sev]al ,inns1 c41 = ! above ,purposes2 'tis hop$ t an ,att5tion to ! foll[+ ,obs]vation1 may be ! ,means ( pres]v+ mu* ,prop]ty1 :i* :5 once lo/ by ^! ,means1 is difficult to recov]1 or ! ,(f5d]s to be detect$4 8#a4 ,^? :o _c conv5i5tly fa/5 _! ,luggage be=e !m 9 ,po/ ,*aises1 %\ld take c>e to secure x beh9d ) a small ,*a9 in/ead ( a ,rope or ,/rip1 & to place ! ,padlock t fa/5s x out ( ,sight or ,rea*2 & ^? :o h ,s]vants to att5d !m1 %\ld direct !m to keep close to ! ,c>riage z !y come to ,london1 = ^! ,plund]]s ext5d !mselves = fifte5 ,miles out ( ,t[n to ! v ,inns !mselves 9 ,london1 & are ready 9 an amaz+ ,mann] to take ,advantage ( ! lea/ ,neglect4 8#b4 ,z x is common = ,p]sons on _! ,arrival 9 ,t[n to take a ,hackney ,coa* :5 !y come on ! ,/ones1 9 ! ,boot ( :i* !y g5]ally deposit _! ,luggage1 !y %\ld be cauti\s nev] to s5d ! ,coa*man f 8 ,box1 to make an ,enquiry1 c4 = if he be abs5t a ,m9ute 8 ,f>e w be 9 great dang] ( los+ 8 ,prop]ty1 by "s ( ! above ,(f5d]s1 :o att5d at ! ,inns at ! ,entrance ( ! ,t[n1 9 ord] to foll[ ,hackney ,coa*es to ! ,places :]e !y set d[n or /op1 to wat* an ,opportunity to plund]4 8#c4 ,no?+ c secure ! ,goods 9 ,waggons1 or ! ,baskets ( ,/age ,coa*es1 b ! ,c>e ( ! ,driv]s1 :o %\ld h !m wat*$ bo? on & (f ! ,/ones1 & ! ,proprietors ( ! sev]al ,road ,waggons %\ld h a ,man at lea/ on ,purpose to gu>d !m five or t5 ,miles out ( ,t[n1 a /ep :i* is absolutely necess>y4 8,j4 ,,field+40 ,also1 ( c\rse1 !re 7 ! highwaym54 ,*apt] ! ,eigh? ,,! ,,age ,,( ,,transition 8,s d[n ?y hill1 romantic ,a%b\rne1 glides ,! ,d]by ,dilly1 c>ry+ ?ree insides4 ,"o 9 ea* corn] sits & lolls at ease1 ,) fold$ arms1 propt back1 & out/ret*$ knees2 ,:ile ! press'd ,bodk91 p9*'d & squeez$ to dea?1 ,sweats 9 ! mid-mo/ place1 & scolds1 & pants = brea?40 ,cann+4 8,9 ! ye> #agij10 wrote ,mr4 ,william ,felton 9 an acc\nt ( ! c>riages ( 8 day1 8! art ( ,coa*-build+ _h be5 9 a gradual /ate ( improvem5t = half a c5tury pa/1 & _h n[ arriv$ at a v high degree ( p]fection1 ) respect to ! beauty1 /r5g?1 & elegance ( our ,engli% c>riages40 ,& ! mo/ cursory glance at 8 c>efully compil$1 if te*nical book1 is evid5ce en\gh ( ! tru? ( 8 /atem5t4 ,at ?is "t1 inde$1 ! old flamboyant ornam5tation _h all b disappe>$ f ! c>riages1 :i* 7 9 process ( tak+ on ! appe>ance !y l>gely reta9 to ?is day4 ,mo/ vehicles1 x is true1 7 /ill hung f> high] ?an ^? ( ! n9ete5? c5tury--a fact due to ! curi\s1 ?\gh mi/ak51 belief1 8t a high & %ort load possess$ "s my/]i\s prop]ty :i* made x easi] to draw ?an a long "o10 b new pr9ciples 7 be+ adopt$ z ! result ( c>eful exp]im5ts4 ,prizes 7 (f]$ by le>n$ societies1 & won4 ,m5 l ,dr4 ,lovell ,edgewor?1 :o _h be5 exp]im5t+ s e>ly z #agfh1 & _h %[n t spr+s--!n b little und]/ood--7 at lea/ z advantage\s to ! horses z to ! pass5g]s1 7 at "w4 ,b x 0 only 9 #ahjd1 :5 ,mr4 ,obadiah ,elliott produc$ 8 pat5t elliptic spr+s1 :i* r5d]$ unnecess>y ! old heavy p]*1 t a def9ite p]iod 9 ! art ( coa*-build+ 0 cle>ly m>k$4 ,!nce=? ! old]1 cumbr\s ma*9es disappe>$ f ! roads & made way = ! light] & m com=table c>riages :i* 7 to be se5 at ! "t ( ,que5 ,victoria's accession4 ,! "q ( ! roads1 too1 0 receiv+ ! att5tion ( exp]ts4 ,an/ice & ,edgewor? publi%$ ! results ( _! inve/igations1 b 7 bo? completely ov]%ad[$ by ,james ,m',adam1 :o ab\t #ahaj />t$ ^? metal roads :i* h prov$ s wond]fully successful4 ,be=e 8 "t gravel & ! l _h =m$ ! basis ( road-mat]ial2 ,m',adam us$ granite & o!r alli$ sub/ances1 & produc$ su* a surface z _h n be5 se5 s9ce ! ,romans _h con/ruct$ _! va/ highways hundr$s ( ye>s be=e4 ,me?ods ( travell+1 moreov]1 7 alt]+4 ,! /age-coa*es1 useful ?\gh !y 71 disappe>$ be=e ,palm]'s mail-coa*es1 :i* held _! supremacy until ! era ( /eam revolutionis$ locomotion4 ,po/-*aises 7 /ill 9 fav\r1 & less dang]\s ?an ( old4 ,incid5tally1 ! highwaym5 7 tak+ to less romantic pursuits4 ,& :at is true ( ,engl& 0 also 9 a great measure true ( ,europe z a :ole4 ,nor? ,am]ica1 too1 at ?is p]iod 0 provid+ h]self ) coa*build]s1 :o produc$ di/9ctive vehicles peculi>ly adapt$ to ! conditions ( t c\ntry4 ,x 01 9 fact1 a transition p]iod4 ,we may consid] 9 ! fir/ place su* types ( c>riages z already exi/$4 ,!re is a :ole catalogue ( !m1 & only "o ( ! old] c>riages is conspicu\sly abs5t4 ,?is 0 ! cala%--8n[ almo/ obsolete = any purpose10 comm5ts ,leigh ,hunt1 & inde$ !re is h>dly a ref]5ce to x4 ,b ! o!rs /ill surviv$1 & "o *>act]i/ic is imm$iately noticeable2 ! :eels ( almo/ e sort ( c>riage at ?is "t 7 enorm\sly l>ge4 ,consequ5tly ! c>riages 7 g5]ally v long4 ,crane-neck p]*es 7 /ill us$1 & :at 0 call$ an upright spr+4 ,a coa* ( ?is p]iod1 belong+ to ! museum at ,s\? ,k5s+ton1 is n[ exhibit$ 9 ,ed9burgh4 ,x 0 built = ! ,"l ,*ancellor ( ,irel&4 ,x has 8a l>ge body10 says ,?rupp1 describ+ x1 8) deep panels1 flat-sid$1 long] on ! ro( ?an at ! elb[1 ) w9d[s 9 ! upp] qu>t]s2 ! c>riage ) two crane p]*es 7easily se5 9 ! accompany+ photograph71 ,b]l9 fa%ion1 :ip spr+s1 & v high :eels4 ,!re is no footbo>d1 :il/ a hamm]clo? = ! footman is rais$ ^u scroll ironwork1 v well made40 ,napoleon's /ate coa*1 built at ! "t ( 8 second m>riage1 & pres]v$ at ,vi5na along ) a *>iot & b>\*e1 is ( a some:at simil> patt]n4 ,8 travell+ coa*1 ) all its h\sehold contrivances1 is n[ at ,madame ,tussaud's exhibition1 & mu/ be famili> to all ,london]s4 ,two ,spani% coa*es ( ! p]iod are also to be se5 at ,madrid4 ,illu/ration3 ,george ,,iii's ,po/+ ,*>iot 7,at ,s\? ,k5s+ton7 ,! ,"l ,*ancellor's coa* 0 ( c\rse an exceptional c>riage1 & ,mr4 ,felton is c>eful to give details ( su* less] coa*es z 7 be+ made4 ,^! he catalogues z a pla9 coa*1 a neat ornam5tal t[n coa*1 a l&au1 a travell+ coa*1 an elegant crane-neck coa*1 & a vis--vis1 :i* la/1 he says1 8is seldom us$ by any o!r ?an p]sons ( high "* & fa%ion40 ,&1 inde$1 ?is p>ticul> c>riage is to be se5 9 num]\s plates & c>icatures ( ! "t4 ,com+ to ! *>iots & po/-*aises1 !re is a good example ( an ,engli% c>riage ( ! k9d at ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,?is app>5tly belong$ to ,george ,,iii4 ,! photograph gives b a poor idea ( ! great size ( ! orig9al4 ,! :eels are tall] ?an an av]age man1 & ! l5g? ( ! c>riage is prodigi\s4 ,! s+le w9d[ on ei!r side is small1 ! panels are deep1 & !re is a small plat=m at ! back ( ! body to c>ry luggage4 ,a footbo>d /ill rema9s ) supports = ! driv]'s seat t has disappe>$4 ,x 0 9 su* a *>iot1 ?\gh ev5 l>g] ?an ,george ,,iii's1 t ! unhappy ,k+ & ,que5 ( ,france attempt$ to escape f ,p>is--t 8mis]able new ,b]l9e10 z ,c>lyle calls x1 :i* 0 ! v la/ c>riage to be us$ = su* a purpose4 8,on ,monday night1 ! ,tw5tie? ( ,june1 #agia10 runs ,c>lyle's own wond]ful acc\nt1 8ab\t elev5 o'clock1 !re is _m a hackney-coa* & glass-coa* 7c>rosse de remise71 /ill rumbl+1 or at re/1 on ! /reets ( ,p>is40 ,into "o ( ^! glass-coa*es /eps 8a hood$ ,dame ) two hood$ ,*ildr51 a ?ickset ,individual1 9 r\nd hat & p]uke40 ,! coa*man is ,f]s5 himself4 8,du/ %all n /ick to ! ho(s ( ,f]s53 crack6 crack6 ! ,glass-coa* rattles1 & e s\l brea!s light]4 ,b is ,f]s5 on ! "r road8 ,nor!a/w>d1 to ! ,b>ri] ( ,sa9t ,m>t9 & ,metz ,highway1 ?i!r 7 we b\nd2 & lo1 he drives "r ,nor?w>d6 ,! royal ,individual1 9 r\nd hat & p]uke1 sits a/oni%$2 b "r or wrong1 !re is no rem$y4 ,crack1 crack1 we g incessant1 ?r\gh ! slumb]+ ,city4 ,seldom1 s9ce ,p>is rose out ( mud1 or ! ,longhair$ ,k+s w5t 9 ,bullock-c>ts1 0 !re su* a drive4 ,mortals on ea* h& ( y1 close by1 /ret*$ out horizontal1 dormant2 & we alive & quak+6 ,crack1 crack1 ?r\gh ! ,rue de la ,*ausse d',ant91--^! w9d[s1 all sil5t1 ( ,numb] #db1 7 ,mirabeau's4 ,t[>ds ! ,b>ri] n ( ,sa9t-,m>t91 b ( ,cli*y on ! utmo/ ,nor?6 ,pati5ce1 ye royal ,individuals2 ,f]s5 und]/&s :at he is ab\t4 ,pass+ up ! ,rue de ,cli*y1 he alights = "o mom5t at ,madame ,sullivan's3 #8,did ,c\nt ,f]s5's ,coa*man get ! ,b>oness de ,korff's new ,b]l9e8'--#8,gone ) x an h\r-&-half ago' grumbles responsive b dr[sy port]4 #8,c'e/ bi54' ,yes1 x is well2--?\gh _h b su* h\r-&-half be5 lo/1 x 7 /ill bett]4 ,=? !re=e1 ,o ,f]s51 fa/1 by ! ,b>ri] de ,cli*y2 !n ,ea/w>d along ! ,out] ,b\lev>d1 :at horses & :ipcord c d6 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,"l ,*ancellor ( ,irel&'s ,coa* 7,n[ 9 ,ed9burgh7 8,?us ,f]s5 drives1 ?r\gh ! ambrosial night4 ,sleep+ ,p>is is n[ all on ! "r-h& ( him2 sil5t except = "s snor+ hum3 & n[ he is ,ea/w>d z f> z ! ,b>ri] de ,sa9t-,m>t92 look+ e>ne/ly = ,b>oness de ,korff's ,b]l9e4 ,?is ,heav5's ,b]l9e he at l5g? does descry1 drawn up ) its six ,horses1 8 own ,g]man ,coa*man wait+ on ! box4444 ,! augu/ ,glass-,coa* f>e1 six ,insides1 ha/ily packs itself into ! new ,b]l9e2 two ,bodygu>d ,c\ri]s beh9d4 ,! ,glass-coa* itself is turn$ adrift1 its head t[>ds ! ,city2 to w&] :i!r x li/s1--& be f\nd next morn+ 9 a dit*4 ,b ,f]s5 is on ! new box1 ) its brave new hamm]-clo?s2 fl\ri%+ 8 :ip2 he bolts =w>d t[>ds ,bondy4 ,!re a ?ird & f9al ,bodygu>d ,c\ri] ( ours ought surely to be1 ) po/-horses already ord]$4 ,!re likewise ought t pur*as$ ,*aise1 ) ! two wait+-maids & _! b&-boxes1 to be2 :om also h] ,maje/y c\ld n travel )\t4444 8,once m by ,heav5's bless+1 x is all well4 ,"h is ! sleep+ ,hamlet ( ,bondy2 ,*aise ) ,wait+-wom52 horse all ready1 & po/ilions ) _! *urn-boots1 impati5t 9 ! dewy dawn4 ,brief h>ness+ done1 ! po/ilions ) _! *urn-boots vault into ! saddles2 br&i% circul>ly _! little noisy :ips4444 8,b sc\ts1 all ?is :ile1 & aides-de-camp1 h fl[n =? fa/] ?an ! lea!rn ,dilig5ces44440 ,! gr& new ,b]l9e has be5 se5 9 ! ,wood ( ,bondy4 8,mis]able new ,b]l9e60 apo/rophises ,c>lyle4 8,:y c\ld n ,royalty g 9 "s old ,b]l9e simil> to t ( o!r m58 ,fly+ = life1 "o does n /ickle ab\t 8 vehicle4 ,monsieur1 9 a commonplace travell+-c>riage1 is (f ,nor?w>ds2 ,madame1 8 ,pr9cess1 9 ano!r1 ) v>iation ( r\te2 !y cross "o ano!r :ile *ang+ horses1 )\t look ( recognition2 & rea* ,fl&]s1 no man que/ion+ !m4444 8,all runs along1 unmole/$1 spe$y1 except only ! new ,b]l9e4 ,huge lea!rn vehicle3--huge ,argosy1 let u say1 or ,acapulco-%ip2 ) its heavy /]n-boat ( ,*aise-&-pair2 ) its ?ree yell[ ,pilot-boats ( m\nt$ ,bodygu>d ,c\ri]s1 rock+ aimless r\nd x & ahead ( x1 to bewild]1 n to guide6 ,x lumb]s along lur*+ly ) /ress1 at a snail's pace2 not$ ( all ! _w40 ,x has inde$ be5 se51 & soldi]s ru% aft] x1 & ! huge ,b]l9e is br\ght back to ,p>is 9 :at 0 surely ! mo/ t]rible procession ev] witness$4444 ,! ,korff ,b]l9e 0 probably n built s high z "s ( ! ,engli% po/+ *>iots ( ! "t4 ,! p]* ( ^! 0 (t5 m ?an f\r feet f ! gr\nd4 ,accord+ to ,felton y c\ld buy a pla9 po/-*aise = #ic1 or a neat t[n *>iot = #ia4 ,or y might h a l&aulet1 a demi-l&au1 or a sulky1 :i* at ?is "t 0 8a light c>riage built exactly 9 ! =m ( a po/-*aise1 *>iot1 or demi-l&au10 & l ! vis--vis 0 8contract$ on ! seat1 s t only "o p]son c sit !reon1 & is call$ a sulky f ! proprietor's desire ( rid+ alone40 ,! l&aulet 0 to ! l&au z ! *>iot 0 to ! coa*4 ,x 0 simply a *>iot made to op54 ,! hood 0 ( 8greasy h>ness lea!r1 disagreeable to ! t\* or smell1 & cont9ually ne$+ oil & black+0 rubb$ into x to keep x supple & black4 ,!n !re 0 ! phaeton1 :i* _h lo/ none ( its popul>ity1 & 0 built z l(ty z ev]4 8,! h&some/ mixture ( dang] ) dignity10 wrote ,leigh ,hunt1 89 ! %ape ( a c>riage1 0 ! tall phaeton ) its yell[ w+s4 ,we rememb] look+ up to x ) respect 9 our *ildhood1 p>tly = its l(t9ess1 p>tly = its "n1 & p>tly = ! %[ x makes 9 ! pr9ts to novels ( ! p]iod4 ,! mo/ gallant figure :i* mod]n driv+ ev] cut 0 9 ! p]son ( a late ,duke ( ,hamilton2 ( :om we h read or he>d some:]e1 t he us$ to da% r\nd ! /reets ( ,rome1 ) 8 horses pant+1 & 8 h\nds b>k+ ab\t 8 phaeton1 to ! equal fright & admiration ( ! ,ma/]s ( ! ,_w1 :o 7 accu/om$ to witness no?+ high] ?an a lumb]+ old coa*1 or a c>d9al on a mule40 ,b f> m conspicu\s a figure ?an ?is ,duke ( ,hamilton 0 ,colonel 7,tommy7 ,onsl[1 aft]w>ds ,"l ,cranley1 ( :om !re is a c>icature by ,gillray1 ) ! foll[+ once fam\s l9es3-- 8,:at c little ,t4 ,o4 d8 ,:y drive a phaeton & two4 ,c little ,t4 ,o4 d no m8 ,yes1 drive a phaeton & f\r60 ,! ,colonel1 h[ev]1 0 surpass$1 z we h se51 by ,sir ,john ,lade1 :o drove six greys4 ,george ,,iv1 :5 ,pr9ce ( ,wales1 0 satisfi$ ) a pair1 b 8 horses 7 8cap>ison$ ) blue h>ness /it*$ ) r$10 _! manes 8be+ plait$ ) sc>let ribbons1 :ile !y wore plumes ( fea!rs on _! heads40 ,! /ructure ( ^! phaetons diff]$4 ,gillray's picture %[s ! body hung midway betwe5 ! two axles1 ?\gh he may n h tr\bl$ to be exact 9 ?is respect4 ,! commone/ =m 0 ! p]*-high phaeton1 9 :i* ! body 0 hung directly ov] ! front axle1 ! h9d :eels be+ mu* l>g] ?an ^? 9 front1 & ! bottom ( ! body be+ five feet f ! gr\nd4 ,o!rs 7 less l(ty4 ,9 ! "o-horse phaeton ! body 0 hung ov] ! back axle ) 8gras%opp]0 spr+s1 & 80 jo9$ to ! =ec>riage1 :i* 0 )\t spr+s1 by wood5 /ays0--a v diff]5t c>riage4 ,?is 9 "t l$ to ! pony phaeton us$ by ,george ,,iv 9 #ahbd4 ,"h all idea ( great height _h be5 ab&on$ s z to all[ ,8 ,maje/y to ent] 8 c>riage )\t ! fatigue ( climb+ sev]al /eps4 ,que5 ,victoria's pony phaeton 0 a simil> vehicle1 & inde$ x 0 f su* a c>riage t ! victoria 0 evolv$ at a r lat] date4 8,:at connexion !re c\ld be10 wrote ,bridges ,adams "s =ty ye>s lat] 9 a passage n altoge!r devoid ( epi!ts1 8betwe5 ?is vehicle & ! fabl$ c> ( ! ,sun-,god1 to obta9 = x su* a title1 x is difficult to conceive4444 ,! vehicle look$ l a me*anical illu/ration ( ! play ( ,mu* ,ado ab\t ,no?+4 ,x 0 a contrivance to make an enorm\sly high & dang]\s seat = two p]sons1 inconv5i5t to drive f1 & at ! same "t to consume z mu* mat]ial & mix z _m unsightly & inh>moni\s l9es z possible4 ,! framework ( ! c>riage 0 con/ruct$ ) two iron p]*es1 ! outl9e ( :i* 0 hide\sly ugly2 b ! camel-l hump _h at lea/ ! me*anical advantage ( p]mitt+ a high] =e :eel ?an c\ld o!rwise be us$4 ,! %ape ( ! body 0 z ?\gh ! rude/ possible =m capable ( af=d+ a seat _h be5 put toge!r4 ,an ungraceful =m ( upright pill> or /&>d 0 fir/ select$1 into :i* 0 fram$ a horizontal ugly curve = a seat1 connect$ at ! top by an unga9ly-look+ elb[1 & a =mal s]p5t9e curve beh9d1 f :i* 0 project$ l an excresc5ce an ugly lea!rn box call$ a sword-case4 ,! front ( ! upright pill> 0 cont9u$ into a mo/ =mal curve1 & f its po9t rose an ungraceful bracket1 to support a footbo>d1 on ! extreme edge ( :i* 0 coil$ an ugly piece ( lea!r call$ an apron4 ,! con/ruction ( ! body 0 su* t x c\ld n possibly hold toge!r by ! /r5g? ( its own fram+2 & to rem$y ?is1 a curv$ iron /ay 0 introduc$ 9 ! wor/ possible ta/e4444 ,! =e spr+s r resembl$ ! fl\ri%+ /rokes made by a s*oolma/]1 :5 head+ a copy-book or ,*ri/mas piece1 ?an any legitimate me*anical contrivance2 & ! motion mu/ h be5 dete/able1 r5d]+ ! act ( driv+ difficult1 & less5+ ! p[] ( ! driv]s ov] _! horses4 ,! s]vant's seat beh9d0--n always pres5t--8plac$ on curv$ blocks )\t any spr+s1 complet$ ?is extraord9>y-look+ vehicle4 ,to sit on su* a seat1 :5 ! horses 7 go+ at mu* spe$1 w\ld require z mu* skill z is ev9c$ by a rope-danc] at ! !atre40 ,:i* %[s t 9 #ahcg1 at any rate1 p's ideas _h und]gone a consid]able *ange ) reg>d to a really fa%ionable equipage4 ,! only o!r f\r-:eel$ vehicle ,i ne$ m5tion "h 0 ! sociable :i*1 accord+ to ,felton1 0 8m]ely a phaeton ) a d\ble or treble body40 ,x 0 made ) or )\t doors1 & ) or )\t a driv+ seat4 ,a good example ( ?is c>riage is %[n 9 ,gillray's pr9t ,! ,middlesex ,election ( #ahjd4 ,com+ to ! two-:eel$ vehicles1 ! *ief ( ^! 7 ! curricle1 ! gig or *aise1 & ! :iskey4 ,z a g5]al rule x may be tak5 t :5 a gig _h two horses x 0 call$ a curricle1 & :5 !re 0 only "o1 a *aise4 ,9 ! ,pr9ce ,reg5t's "t ! curricle 0 8! mo/ /yli% ( all conveyances40 ,9 %ape ne>ly all ^! gigs 7 id5tical1 ?\gh "o reads t ! notori\s 8,romeo0 ,coates drove 9 "o ^: body 0 %ap$ l a %ell4#dd ,!y 7 ( v>i\s heights1 a p>ticul>ly l(ty "o be+ kn[n 9 ,irel& z ! suicide gig4 ,! can$ :iskey 0 a gig ^: body1 8fix$ ^u ! %afts--:i* aga9 7 connect$ ) ! long horizontal spr+s by scroll irons10 _h a movable hood4 ,! ,rib ,*air 0 simil> to ! :iskey1 b )\t spr+s4 ,x is really only possible to diff]5tiate prop]ly betwe5 ^! light c>riages & ! o!r hybrids1 s soon to appe>1 by means ( pr9ts & photographs4 ,to ! non-te*nical m9d !y are almo/ id5tical ) ea* o!r4 8,! prettie/ ( ^! vehicles10 ,leigh ,hunt writes1 aft] confess+ t he has no ambition to drive t&em1 z 0 s (t5 done1 or to run into dang] ) a phaeton1 8is ! curricle1 :i* is also ! safe/4 ,!re is some?+ wor? look+ at 9 a pair ( horses1 ) t sp>kl+ pole ( /eel laid across !m4 ,x is l a b> ( music1 compris+ _! h>moni\s c\rse4 ,b to u1 ev5 gigs are b a sort ( unsuccessful g5tility4 ,! driv]1 to all int5ts & purposes1 _h bett] be on ! horse40 ,i ne$ say v little ( ! public c>riages4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o po9t 9 connection ) ! lat] /age-coa*es :i* be>s ^u ! "q t 0 only solv$ by ,obadiah ,elliott 9 #ahjd4 ,on ,septemb] #bj1 #aggj1 accord+ to ! ,annual ,regi/]1 !re 0 an accid5t to "o ( !m :i* 0 gr[+ increas+ly common4 8,x 7 greatly to be wi%$10 runs ?is acc\nt1 8! /age coa*es 7 put "u "s regulations z to ! numb] ( p]sons & quantity ( baggage4 ,?irty-f\r p]sons 7 9 & ab\t ! ,h]t=d ,coa* ?is day :5 x broke d[n by "o ( ! braces giv+ way40 ,no wond] x broke d[n6 ,x is int]e/+ to note1 h[ev]1 t ev5 ! m humane /age-coa*m51 s f> f object+1 z y might imag9e !y w\ld h done1 to su* ov]cr[d+1 actively enc\rag$ x & = a v odd reason4 ,at ?is "t spr+s ( a k9d 7 be+ appli$ to ! coa*es1 :i* consequ5tly travell$ ) great] ease ?an be=e1 b ! coa*es !mselves happ5$ also to be built v high1 l all o!r vehicles1 & no?+ c\ld conv9ce ! silly coa*m5 t ! easy runn+ 0 n due to a heavy load be+ appli$ to ! top ( a high c>riage4 ,x became necess>y1 !re=e1 to pass legislation1 :i* 0 accord+ly done 9 #aghe & aga9 9 #agij1 re/rict+ ! numb] ( pass5g]s all[$4 ,at ?is "t1 too1 ,mr4 ,john ,palm]'s fir/ dilig5ce1 or mail-coa*1 _h appe>$ z a quick & *eap me?od ( c>ry+ lett]s1 & ^! mail-coa*es v rapidly took ! fancy ( pass5g]s4 ,palm]1 h[ev]1 0 a man ) great p[]s ( organisation1 & be=e ! new c5tury _h dawn$1 _h 8 coa*es runn+ ^u e high road 9 ! c\ntry4#de 8,! mail coa*es10 wrote a ,fr5* nobleman aft] visit+ ?is c\ntry at ! beg9n+ ( ! new c5tury1 8af=d means ( travell+ ) great cel]ity into all p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,!y are ,b]l9s1 firm & light1 hold+ f\r p]sons2 !y c>ry only lett]s1 & d n take *>ge ( any luggage4 ,!y are drawn by f\r horses1 & driv5 by "o coa*man2 !y travel nev] less ?an sev5 to eight miles an h\r40 ,"o or two p>ticul> inv5tions may also be not$4 ,?is same nobleman1 cont9u+ 8 acc\nt1 says3-- 8,/age ,coa*es are v num]\s1 !y are kept 9 e ,city1 & ev5 9 small t[ns2 all ^! c>riages h small :eels1 & hold six p]sons1 )\t reckon+ ! outside pass5g]s4 ,ab\t tw5ty ye>s ago a c>riage 0 inv5t$ 9 ! =m ( a gondola2 x is long1 & w hold sixte5 p]sons sitt+ face to face2 ! door is beh9d1 & ?is plan ought to be g5]ally adopt$1 z ! only means ( escap+ a great dang] :5 ! horses run away4 ,:at adds to ! s+ul>ity ( ^! c>riages is1 t !y h eight :eels2 ?us divid+ equally ! weight1 !y are less liable to be ov]turn$1 or cut up ! roads2 !y are1 besides1 v l[ & easy4 8,:5 ^! long coa*es fir/ appe>$ at ,s\?ampton1 a ,city mu* frequ5t$ 9 summ] by ri* inhabitants ( ,london1 :o g !re to enjoy sea ba?+1 !y _h 7z e new ?+ has7 a great run1 s t x 0 ne>ly impossible to get a place 9 !m4 8,"o ( ! pr9cipal ,innkeep]s1 jeal\s ( ?is success1 set up ano!r1 &1 to obta9 ! pref]5ce1 he r$uc$ ! f>e to half-price1 at t "t a gu9ea4 ,9 ord] to defeat ?is manuvre1 ! fir/ proprietor made a /ill great] r$uction1 s t1 at la/1 ! receipts did n cov] ! exp5ses4 ,b ! two rivals did n /op "h2 = "o ( !m ann\nc$ t he w\ld take no?+ ( g5tlem5 :o might hon\r him by *oos+ 8 ,coa*1 b he w\ld beg !m to accept a bottle ( ,port be=e _! dep>ture40 ,illu/ration3 8,engli% ,travell+1 or ! ,fir/ ,/age f ,dov]0 7,f a ,draw+ by ,r[l&son1 #agib7 ,b n ev5 su* a temptation seems to h made ^! long coa*es a success4 ,! o!r innovation1 ?\gh prop]ly belong+ to a slightly lat] date1 0 ! pat5t coa* inv5t$ by ! ,rev]5d ,william ,milton4 ,he expla9$ 8 coa* 9 a lett] to ,sir ,john ,s9clair4#df 8,p]mit me1 ,sir1 to expla91 9 a few words1 ! nature ( my inv5tion4--,9 a /age-coa*1 an ov]turn is r5d]$ mu* less likely to happ51 by plac+ z mu* z possible ( ! heavy luggage ( ea* j\rney1 9 a luggage-box bel[ ! body ( ! c>riage2 ! body n be+ high] ?an usual4 ,?is br+s d[n ! c5tre ( gravity ( ! total coa* & load 7a po9t :i* at pres5t1 at e inequality ( ! road & *ange ( qu>t]1 vacillates mo/ dang]\sly71 x br+s x d[n to a place ( great comp>ative safety4 8,to prev5t ! fatal & disa/r\s consequ5ces ( break+ d[n1 !re are plac$1 at ! sides or corn]s ( ?is luggage-box1 small /rong idle :eels1 ) _! p]iph]y bel[ its floor2 ready1 9 case ( a :eel com+ (f or break+1 or an axle-tree fail+1 to cat* ! fall+ c>riage1 & in/antly to cont9ue its previ\s velocity2 !reby prev5t+ t sudd5 /op to rapid motion1 :i* at pres5t con/antly att5ds ! break+ d[n1 & :i* has s frequ5tly prov$ fatal to ! coa*man & outside pass5g]s4--,! bottom ( ?is luggage-box is meant to be ab\t twelve or ?irte5 in*es f ! gr\nd1 & ! idle :eels sev51 six1 or five4 ,if at a less di/ance /ill1 no inconv5i5ce w result2 = :5 ei!r ( !m takes ov] an ob/acle 9 ! road1 x in/antly1 & dur+ ! ne$1 dis*>ges its respective active :eel f ! gr\nd1 & works 9 its /ead40 ,sev]al coa*es 7 built to ,mr4 ,milton's specifications1 b l s _m o!r pat5t coa*es !y 7 spe$ily =gott54 ,x is only necess>y to add "h t ab\t #ahjj 8outside pass5g]s 7 fir/ enabl$ to ride on ! ro(s ( coa*es )\t incurr+ ! imm95t haz>d ( be+ ?r[n (f :5ev] _! vigilance & _! anxi\s grip relax$40 ,= x 0 !n1 says ,mr4 ,h>p]1 8t =e & h9d boots1 fram$ to ! body ( ! coa*1 became g5]al1 ?us af=d+ foo?old to ! outsides4 ,mail coa*es 7 n ! cause ( ?is *ange1 = !y orig9ally c>ri$ no pass5g]s on ! ro(4 ,we _c fix ! exact date ( ?is improvem5t10 he adds1 8& may suppose t 9 common ) e o!r innovation1 x 0 gradual1 & only introduc$ :5 new coa*es became necess>y on ! v>i\s r\tes4 ,! imm$iate result 0 to democratise coa*-travell+40 ,on ! o!r h&1 x became a common practice among/ ! sm>t y\?s ( ! day to drive ! /age-coa*es !mselves4 ,s we read 9 a pap] ( ?is "t3-- 8,! education ( our y\? ( fa%ion is improv+ daily3 sev]al ( !m n[ drive ,/age ,coa*es to t[n1 & op5 ! door ( ! ,c>riage = pass5g]s1 :ile ! coa*man rema9s on ! box4 ,!y f>m ! p]quisites f ! ,coa*man on ! road1 & g5]ally pocket some?+ into ! b>ga940 ,:i* 01 accord+ to ! writ]1 8a fit subject = ridicule on any /age40 ,! po/-*aises 7 z ubiquit\s z ev]4 ,! ,fr5* nobleman1 f ^: book ,i h already quot$1 ent]$ "o s soon z he l&$ at ,dov]4 ,illu/ration3 8,fr5* ,travell+1 or ! ,fir/ ,/age f ,dov]0 7,f a ,draw+ by ,r[l&son1 #aghe7 8,! ,po/10 he records1 8is n1 z on ! ,cont95t1 an e/abli%m5t dep5d5t ^u ! ,gov]nm5t2 individuals und]take ?is bus9ess2 mo/ ( ! inns keep ,po/ ,*aises2 !y are good ,c>riages ) f\r :eels1 %ut close1 ! same k9d z we call 9 ,france dilig5ces de ville4 ,!y hold ?ree p]sons 9 ! back ) ease are n>r[1 extremely light2 well hung1 & appe> ! m easy1 because ! roads are n pav$ ) /one4 ,! po/ilions we> a jacket ) sleeves1 tight boots1 &1 altoge!r1 _! dress is light1 & extremely neat2 & !y are n only civil1 b ev5 respectful4 ,on y\r arrival at ! ,inn1 y are %[n into a good room1 :]e a fire is kept 9 w9t]1 & tea is ready e h\r ( ! day4 ,9 five m9utes at mo/1 ano!r ,*aise is ready = y\r dep>ture4 ,if we comp>e ^! cu/oms ) ^? ( ,g]many1 or p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,nor?1 :]e y mu/ (t5 wait :ole h\rs to *ange horses1 9 a dirty room1 heat$ by an iron /ove1 ! smell ( :i* is suffocat+2 or ev5 ^? ( ,france1 :]e ! mo/ "p ( ! po/-h\ses1 n be+ ,inns1 h no accommodation = travell]s1 x is evid5t t ! advantage is n 9 fav\r ( ! ,cont95t40 ,inde$1 ,engl& at ?is "t 0 sup]ior to mo/ ,european c\ntries s f> z h] po/+-c>riages & roads 7 conc]n$4 ,leigh ,hunt1 9 express+ 8 delight ( !m1 0 only foll[+ 9 ! wake ( ,johnson & ! o!rs :o _h always enjoy$ _! cross-c\ntry rides4 8,a po/-*aise10 he says1 8involves ! idea ( travell+ :i*1 9 company ( ^? we love1 is home 9 motion4 ,! smoo? runn+ along ! road1 ! fre% air1 ! v>iety ( sc5e1 ! leafy roads1 ! bur/+ prospects1 ! clatt] ?r\gh a t[n1 ! gap+ gaze ( a village1 ! he>ty appetite1 ! leisure 7y\r *aise wait+ only ^u y\r own movem5ts71 ev5 ! little contradictions to home-com=t1 & ! exp$i5ts ^u :i* !y set u1 all put ! animal spirits at "w1 & ?r[ a novelty ov] ! road ( life4 ,if any?+ c\ld gr9d u "y aga91 x w\ld be ! :eels ( a po/-*aise4 ,! only monoton\s sight is ! p]petual up-&-d[n movem5t ( ! po/ilion1 :o1 we wi% exce$+ly1 c\ld take a *air4 ,8 occasional retreat to ! b> :i* occupies ! place ( a box1 & 8 affect+ to sit ^u x1 only rem9d u ( its exquisite want ( accommodation4 ,b "s h giv5 ! b>1 lately1 a surreptiti\s squeeze 9 ! middle1 & flatt5$ x a little into some?+ obliquely resembl+ an inconv5i5t seat40 ,pr9ts ( ^! po/-*aises are common4 ,r[l&son1 9 p>ticul>1 lov$ to draw !m4 ,gillray1 too1 %[s ! po/-*aise 9 ,scotl& & ,irel&1 :]e app>5tly ?+s 7 n q s easy z 9 ,engl&4 ,! ,scotti% po/-*aise is %[n break+ to pieces1 & ! ,iri% *aise is little bett] ?an a wreck1 ) ! body held toge!r by a piece ( rope1 ) h>dly a spoke left to ! :eels1 & a ro( put r\ghly toge!r ( ?at*$ /raw4 ,! un=tunate lady inside has put "o foot ?r\gh ! panell+ & ano!r ?r\gh ! floor1 :i* rem9ds "o t x 0 ( an ,iri% po/-*aise t ! fam\s /ory ( ! poor man :o _h to run ) ! c>riage because ! bottom _h fall5 out 0 orig9ally told4 ,x rema9s to consid] a few p>ticul> eighte5?-c5tury c>riages ( o!r c\ntries4 ,illu/ration3 ,e>ly ,am]ican ,%ay 7,f 8,/age ,coa* & ,tav]n ,days0 ,a4 ,m4 ,e>le7 ,illu/ration3 ,engli% ,po/+ ,*>iot--,e>ly ,n9ete5? ,c5tury 7,f a ,photograph7 ,mr4 ,/ratton ?9ks t ! ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica _h rude litt]s at an e>ly date4 ,! ,incas ( ,p]u c]ta9ly possess$ magnific5tly decorat$ s$ans or palanqu9s1 9 :i* !y progress$ ?r\gh _! k+dom4 ,x 0 n1 h[ev]1 until ! sev5te5? c5tury t :eel$ c>riages appe>$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne quotes f an ,engli% travell]'s book1 :i* /ates t by ! middle ( ?is c5tury !re 7 at lea/ tw5ty ?\s& coa*es 9 ,mexico1 & possibly ?is 0 true4 ,b into ,nor? ,am]ica c>riages filt]$ b sl[ly4 ,!re _h be5 coa*es 9 ,bo/on s e>ly z #affi1 & 9 ,connecticut 9 #afhe4 ,william ,p5n1 writ+ to ,logan 9 #agjj1 bids 8 s]vants h ! coa* ready4 ,! cala% 0 also kn[n at t "t1 b be+ 8clumsy0 0 less popul> ?an ! ,fr5* cabriolet or gig1 :i* _h be5 br\ght ov] by ! ,hugu5ots1 & rapidly trans=m$ into ! well-kn[n "o-horse %ay1 :i* 9 its turn 0 supplant$ by ! m com=table & c]ta9ly m di/9ctive buggy4 ,b5net1 travell+ 9 ,am]ica 9 #agdj1 saw _m c>riages 9 ,bo/on4 8,!re are sev]al families10 he records1 89 ,bo/on t keep a coa* & a pair ( horses1 & "s few drive ) f\r horses2 b = *aises & saddle-horses1 consid]+ ! bulk ( ! place1 !y outdo ,london4 ,!y h "s nimble1 lively horses = ! coa*1 b n any ( t beautiful black bre$ s common 9 ,london4444 ,! c\ntry c>ts & wagons are g5]ally drawn by ox51 f two to six1 accord+ to ! di/ance1 or ! burd5 !y are lad5 )40 ,a ,bo/on adv]tisem5t ( #agdc m5tions 8a v h&some *>iot1 fit = t[n or c\ntry1 l9$ ) r$ c(fy1 h&somely c>v$ & pa9t$1 ) a :ole front glass1 ! seat-clo? embroid]$ ) silv]1 & a silk fr+e r\nd ! seat40 ,?is 0 (f]$ = sale by ,john ,lucas1 a local coa*build]1 & _h mo/ probably be5 built by him4 ,at ?is "t sev]al /age-coa*es 7 runn+1 & ! %ay 0 be+ us$ by ev5 ! poor] folk4 ,a ,philadelphian adv]tisem5t ( #agdf speaks ( 8two v h&some *airs1 ) v good ge]s10 & at ?is "t1 too1 ! ,italian *airs & curricles 7 also popul>4 ,!y 7 g5]ally driv5 t&em4 ,ev5 m di/9ctive ?an ! %ay1 h[ev]1 0 ! coa*ee1 :i* is describ$ by ,isaac ,weld 9 8 travels 7#agie73-- 8,! body ( x is r long] ?an a coa*1 b ( ! same %ape4 ,9 ! front x is left q op5 d[n to ! bottom1 & ! driv] sits on a b5* "u ! ro( ( ! c>riage4 ,!re are two seats 9 x = pass5g]s1 :o sit 9 x ) _! faces to ! horses4 ,! ro( is support$ by small props1 :i* are plac$ at ! corn]s4 ,on ea* side ( ! door1 above ! panels1 x is q op52 &1 to gu>d aga9/ bad wea!r1 !re are curta9s :i* let d[n f ! ro( & fa/5 to buttons on ! outside4 ,! light wagons are 9 ! same con/ruction10 he adds1 8& are calculat$ to hold f f\r to twelve p4 ,! wagon has no doors1 b ! pass5g]s scramble 9 ! be/ way !y c ov] ! seat ( ! driv]4 ,! wagons are us$ univ]sally = /age-coa*es40 ,! ,am]ican /age-waggon is also describ$ by ano!r ,engli%man1 ,?omas ,tw9+1 :o visit$ ! c\ntry 9 #agie4 8,! vehicle10 says he1 80 a long c> ) f\r b5*es4 ,?ree ( ^! 9 ! int]ior held n9e pass5g]s4 ,a t5? pass5g] 0 seat$ by ! side ( ! driv] on ! front b5*4 ,a light ro( 0 support$ by eight sl5d] pill>s1 f\r on ea* side4 ,?ree l>ge lea!r curta9s susp5d$ to ! ro(1 "o at ea* side & ! ?ird beh9d1 7 roll$ up or l[]$ at ! pleasure ( ! pass5g]s4 ,!re 0 no place nor space = luggage1 ea* p]son be+ expect$ to /[ 8 ?+s z he c\ld "u 8 seat or legs4 ,! entrance 0 9 front ov] ! driv]'s b5*4 ,( c\rse1 ! ?ree pass5g]s on ! back seat 7 oblig$ to crawl across all ! o!r b5*es to get to _! places4 ,!re 7 no backs to ! b5*es to support & relieve u dur+ a r\gh & fatigu+ j\rney ov] a newly & ill-made road40 ,! body ( ^! public c>riages 0 high1 & ! back :eels 7 l>g] ?an ^? 9 front4 ,a some:at simil> conveyance is /ill us$ to-day 9 "s ( ! nor!rn di/ricts ( ,au/ralia4 ,! commone/ vehicle 9 ,russia at ?is "t seems to h be5 ! t>anta1 :i* is describ$ z 8a travell+ c>riage ^: body resembles a flat-bottom$ punt40 ,! natives app>5tly consid]$ t x 0 a v com=table c>riage1 & x c]ta9ly c\ld hold a great quantity ( luggage & wraps1 b ! =eign]s us+ x did n always express a simil> op9ion4 8,we travell$ c]ta9ly ) spe$10 says ,madame ,pfeiff] ( ! t>anta1 9 h] ,j\rney r\nd ! ,_w1 8b any "o :o _h n a body ( iron1 or a well-cu%ion$ spr+ c>riage1 w\ld n f9d ?is v agreeable1 & w\ld c]ta9ly pref] to travel sl[] ^u ^! unev51 bad roads4 ,! po/-c>riage1 = :i* t5 kopecs a /ation is paid1 is no?+ m ?an a v %ort wood5 op5 c>1 ) f\r :eels4 ,in/ead ( a seat "s hay is laid 9 x1 & !re is j room en\gh = a small *e/1 ^u :i* ! driv] sits4 ,^! c>s naturally jolt v mu*4 ,!re is no?+ to take hold (1 & x requires "s c>e to avoid be+ ?r[n out4 ,! draught consi/s ( ?ree horses abrea/2 ov] ! c5tre "o a wood5 ar* is fix$1 on :i* hang two or ?ree bells1 :i* cont9ually made a mo/ disagreeable noise4 ,9 addition to ?is1 imag9e ! rattl+ ( ! c>riage1 & ! %\t+ ( ! driv]1 :o is always 9 great activity urg+ on ! poor animals1 & x may be easily und]/ood t1 z is (t5 ! case1 ! c>riage arrives at ! /ation )\t ! travell]s40 ,ev5 less 8g5teel0 ?an ! t>anta 0 ! kibitka1 8a common po/+-waggon10 accord+ to ,/ratton1 8consi/+ ( a huge frame ( unhewn /icks1 fa/5$ firmly ^u two axles1 ! =e "p ( x hav+ und]nea? a solid block ( h>d wood1 on :i* x re/s1 elevat+ x s z to all[ ! :eels to play40 ,o!r ,russian c>riages 7 ! teleka1 ! tela%ka1 & ! bett]-kn[n droitzs*ka1 or1 z x 0 kn[n 9 ,engl&1 drosky--an improvem5t orig9ally ( ! sl$ge by ! m]e addition ( spr+s & :eels4 ,9 ,norway ! c>riole 0 v simil> to ! orig9al ,fr5* gig1 & l ! *>--cote ( ,switz]l&1 0 long & n>r[ & peculi>ly adapt$ = m\nta9\s c\ntries4 ,b 9 ne>ly all ! cold] regions1 :eel c>riages 7 sc>cely us$ at all1 ! sn[ mak+ "s k9d ( sl$ge f> m conv5i5t4 ,capta9 ,k+1 9 8 ,j\rney across ,asia1 gives a detail$ description ( ! sl$ges !n 9 use 7#aghd7 9 ,kamts*atka4 8,! body ( ! sl$ge10 he says1 8is ab\t f\r feet & a half long & a foot wide1 made 9 ! =m ( a cresc5t1 ( light1 t\gh wood1 /rongly b\nd toge!r ) wick]-"w2 :i* 9 ^? belong+ to ! bett] sort ( p is elegantly /a9$ ( a r$ & blue col\r1 & ! seat cov]$ ) be>-sk9s1 or o!r furs4 ,x is support$ by f\r legs1 ab\t two feet high1 :i* re/ on two long flat pieces ( wood1 ext5d+ a foot at ea* end beyond ! body ( ! sl$ge4 ,^! are turn$ up be=e1 9 ! mann] ( a skate1 & %od ) ! bone ( "s sea animal4 ,! =e "p ( ! c>riage is ornam5t$ ) ?ongs ( lea!r & tassels ( col\r$ clo?2 & f ! cross-b>1 to :i* ! h>ness is jo9$1 are hung l9ks ( iron1 or small bells1 ! j+l+ ( :i* !y conceive to be enc\rag+ to ! dogs4 ,!y are seldom us$ to c>ry m ?an "o p]son at a "t1 :o sits aside 8 a/ride1 re/+ 8 feet on ! l[] "p ( ! sl$ge1 & c>ry+ 8 provisions & o!r necess>ies1 wrapp$ up 9 a bundle1 beh9d him4 ,! dogs are usually five 9 numb]1 yok$ two & two1 ) a lead]4 ,! re9s n be+ fa/5$ to ! head ( ! dogs1 b to ! coll>1 h little p[] ov] !m1 & are !re=e g5]ally hung ^u ! sl$ge1 :il/ ! driv] dep5ds entirely on _! ob$i5ce to 8 voice = ! direction ( !m4444 ,! driv] is also provid$ ) a crook$ /ick1 :i* answ]s ! purpose bo? ( :ip & re9s2 z by /rik+ x into ! sn[1 he is enabl$ to mod]ate ! spe$ ( ! dogs1 or ev5 to /op !m entirely4444 ,our p>ty consi/$ 9 all ( t5 sl$ges4 ,t 9 :i* ,capta9 ,gore 0 c>ri$1 0 made ( two la%$ toge!r1 & abundantly provid$ ) furs & be>-sk9s2 x _h t5 dogs1 yok$ f\r abrea/1 z _h also "s ( ^? t 7 heavy lad5 ) baggage40 ,9 ,europe & ,nor? ,am]ica ^! sl$ges 7 also us$1 & c\ld be highly ornam5t$4 ,two ( ?is k9d1 n>r[ & l[1 may be se5 at ,s\? ,k5s+ton4 ,!y are m5tion$ by sev]al travell]s4 ,edw>d ,wright1 visit+ ,am/]dam 9 #agai1 _h se5 8sev]al coa*-bodies drawn ^u sl$ges10 & expla9$ t ! inhabitants did n use :eels 8to avoid %ak+ ! f\ndations ( ! h\ses40 ,holcr(t1 too1 at ! end ( ! c5tury1 j\rney$ f ,hamburg to ,p>is by way ( ,holl&1 & did n hide 8 surprise at ! appe>ance ( ^! sl$ges4 8,& pray1 sir1 :at are y80 he asks 9 ! ,%&ean mann]4 8,we nev] saw s />+ or s /range an animal be=e40 8',tis a tropical bird1 on a ma/40 8,c x be8 ,a coa* )\t :eels8 ,yes3 dragg$ on a sl$ge by a s+le horse1 & a lady 9 x40 ,holcr(t also notic$ 9 ,am/]dam :at he call$ 8a travell+ hab]da%]'s %op ) :eels1 roll$ ?r\gh ! /reets by its ma/]40 ,?is appe>s to h be5 "s sort ( light travell+ boo?4 ,9 ,p>is itself1 he records1 8!re is sc>cely a /reet :i* is n s n>r[ z to be extremely dang]\s to foot pass5g]s4 ,!y are r5d]$ m s at "s times by ! extreme c>elessness1 & at o!rs by ! brutal insol5ce1 ( coa*m54 ,!re is no foot pavem5t2 & ! only gu>d aga9/ c>riages is =m$ by l>ge /ones plac$ at c]ta9 di/ances1 b close to ! wall40 ,9 ,g]many1 too1 he f\nd little to please him1 & w>ns ,engli%m5 aga9/ br++ ,engli%-built c>riages into t c\ntry1 = ( a surety !y w be 8brok5 up40 ,engl&1 inde$1 ab\t ?is "t1 seems to h be5 by f> ! mo/ progressive c\ntry z reg>ds locomotion4 ,*apt] ! ,n9? ,,inv5tions ,,galore 8,prime ( ,life to #8g x6' :]e's ! place l ,london3 ,f\r-9-h& to-day1 tomorr[ y may be undone3 ,:]e ! ,duke & ! 'pr5tice !y dress mu* ! same3 ,y _c tell ! diff]5ce1 except+ by ! "n6 ,!n pu% along ) f\r-9-h&1 :ile o!rs drive at r&om1 ,9 buggy1 gig or dog-c>t1 9 curricle or t&em40 ,,egan1 ,life 9 ,london4 ,if ,william ,felton's book %[s ! great improvem5ts t _h tak5 place 9 ,engli% c>riage-build+ dur+ ! latt] half ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ,william ,bridges ,adams's ,engli% ,pleasure ,c>riages1 publi%$ 9 #ahcg1 suffici5tly %[s ! enorm\s improvem5ts :i* _h foll[$ ^u ,obadiah ,elliott's inv5tion ( ! elliptic spr+s4#dg ,9 ! fir/ place y _h a :ole s]ies ( light1 p]*less c>riages be+ built1 & 9 ! second y _h ! new macadamis$ roads ^u :i* to run !m4 ,9 treat+ ( all ^! v>i\s c>riages1 x is difficult to "k :]e to beg94 ,a m]e catalogue ) a few l9es ( description _c be v satisfactory1 & yet !re seems no o!r me?od to adopt4 ,bridges ,adams1 :o 0 a coa*build] himself & ! inv5tor ( sev]al novel c>riages1 is a good guide1 b "o c\ld h wi%$ t 8 book _h be5 illu/rat$ by any?+ r ?an ^? fe>some diagrams :i* mean s little to any "o b a coa*build] himself4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 inde$1 illu/rations ( c>riages began to take on t diagrammatic aspect :i* ! trade-pap]s /ill ma9ta92 :ile at ! same "t ! old pr9ts & c>icatures began to disappe>4 ,x is a pity1 b x _c be help$4 8,?\gh x w\ld be difficult10 says ,bridges ,adams1 8to describe e p>ticul> v>iety ( c>riage n[ 9 use1 x is comp>atively easy to set =? ! lead+ features--! orig9al models1 z x 71 ( ea* p>ticul> class4 ,! di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ics are to be f\nd 9 ! =m ( ! bodies & n 9 ! me*anism ( ! spr+s or framework4 ,?us a p>ticul> %ap$ body entitles ! c>riage to ! t]m ,*>iot1 :e!r x be con/ruct$ ) "u spr+s or ,c spr+s1 or ) bo?1 or :e!r x be ) or )\t a p]*4 ,?is rule obta9s ?r\gh\t ! :ole v>ieties ( c>riages2 & 9 ^? bodies :i* are =m$ by a comb9ation0--z n[ began to be ! case--8x is cu/om>y to call !m by a d\ble "n--z ,cab-,phaeton1 ,britzs*ka-,*>iot1 ,britzs*ka-,phaeton1 c40 ,accord+ly1 ,i %all endeav\r 9 a brief catalogue to po9t out su* *anges z 7 be+ made 9 ea* broad class ( vehicle4 ,! coa* 0 /ill be+ made ) a p]*4 ,x 0 n hung s high1 b 9 o!r respects x diff]$ b little f its pr$ecessors4 ,! ,salisbury boot1 :i* c>ri$ ! coa*man's seat1 & ! hamm]clo?1 7 /ill us$1 b = travell+ long di/ances 7 remov$1 a small] plat=m be+ sub/itut$ 9 _! place4 ,9 ! ,driv+ ,coa*1 a novelty :i* n[ became popul> ) g5tlem5 ( means1 & at a lat] date came to be commonly kn[n z ! f\r-9-h&1 ! :eels 7 r ne>] toge!r1 & ! p]* 0 %ort & /raight4 ,?is _h ! boots :i*1 z we h se51 _h be5 already add$ to ! mail-coa*es = ! conv5i5ce ( outside pass5g]s4 8,! boots & body10 says ,bridges ,adams1 8are fram$ toge!r1 & susp5d$ on spr+s be=e & beh9d--! connection ) ! c>riage be+ by means ( curv$ blocks40 ,ano!r v>iety ( ! coa* 0 ! b>\*e1 :i*1 ?\gh1 ,i suppose1 n te*nically a coa* at all1 if "o accepts ,?rupp's def9ition--= x 0 ro(less--is g5]ally class$ ) ?is k9d ( vehicle4 ,!re _h be51 ,i believe1 a b>\*e 9 ,engl& s e>ly z #agfg1 b x 0 n popul> until a mu* lat] date4 ,! b>\*e 0 simply a coa*-body )\t its upp] portion--an op5 c>riage1 t is to say1 ) high driv+ seat1 & a hood fix$ to ! back if requir$--n inde$ unlike an op5$ l&au to look at4 ,x 0 purely a t[n c>riage4 ,its driv+ seat1 simil> to t 9 a l&au1 0 built to hold bo? coa*man & footman1 8! h9d] "p be+ unprovid$ ) a /&>d1 :i* w\ld10 says ,bridges ,adams1 8be useless1 z :5 ! head is d[n !re is little conv5i5ce = ! s]vant's hold]s1 & he w\ld moreov] be unpleasantly plac$1 look+ d[n on ! sitt]s )91 & li/5+ to all ! conv]sation10 a matt] ( c\rse :i* he w\ld h be5 only too pleas$ to d4 ,! b>\*e w\ld hold f\r or six p]sons1 & 9 f9e wea!r 0 consid]$ to be 8! mo/ delightful ( all c>riages40 ,!re 01 too1 a c]ta9 am\nt ( /ate ab\t x1 & sev]al noble families cont9u$ to drive 9 !m long aft] mo/ o!r p _h giv5 !m up4 ,:5 ,ack]mann1 ! publi%]1 inv5t$ 8 pat5t movable axles ab\t #ahaf1 ! b>\*e 0 "o ( ! c>riages to :i* ^! axles 7 fitt$4 ,a pr9t ( ?is c>riage is %[n 9 ! accompany+ illu/ration4 ,a b>\*et1 correspond+ to ! l&aulet1 0 also built at ?is "t1 b 0 nev] popul>4 ,bridges ,adams speaks ( x z a graceless c>riage = "o horse4 ,! t[n *>iot1 or c\p1 z x 0 call$ 9 ,france1 & inde$1 at a lat] date 9 ,engl&1 0 be+ built l[] ?an be=e1 b o!rwise rema9$ unalt]$4 ,! high driv+ seat 0 /ill remov$ to trans=m ! c>riage into a po/-*aise4 ,amus+ in/ructions = buy+ a *>iot are giv5 by ,john ,j]vis1 an old coa*man1 9 ! second volume ( ! ,horse & ,c>riage ,oracle1 #ahbh4 8,! =m ( ,c>riages10 he op9es1 8is z absurdly at ! ,m]cy ( ,fa%ion1 z ! ,cut ( a ,coat is--h[ev]1 if ! ,read] is will+ to let ! ,build] please himself ) ! =m ( ! ,ext]ior1 he w n be q s polite z to submit ! con/ruction ( ! ,int]ior entirely to ! caprice ( 8 ,coa*mak]40 ,don't1 he advises1 h too mu* /uff+ inside3 8,! pres5t fa%ion ( ,/uff+ is prepo/]\s1 x r$uces a ,l>ge ,body to ! size ( a small ,"o3 h[ev]10 he adds oblig+ly1 8if y l to ride ab\t = ! b5efit ( public inspection1 z y\r fri5ds1 my ,lady ,look-out1 ! ,wid[ ,w-be-se5--& ,sir ,simon ,/>e1 d1 pray1 /udy ,ge(frey ,gambado on ! ,art ( sitt+ politely 9 ,c>riages1 ) ! mo/ becom+ attitudes1 c41 & *oose wide ,door ,lights & full ,squabb+2--if y wi% to g ab\t peaceably & quietly1 l ,sir ,solomon ,snug1 & are cont5t$ ) see+ )\t be+ se51 adopt ! contract$ ,lights1 & common ,/uff+1 :i*1 among o!rs1 h ?is great advantage t :5 y sit back1 y may h ! side ,w9d[ d[n1 & a ?or\gh ,air pass+ ?r\gh ! ,c>riage1 )\t x bl[+ directly 9 ^u y3 ?is1 to ,invalids :o easily cat* ,cold1 is v important40 ,! l9+ ( ! *>iot1 he recomm5ds1 %\ld be 8gre51 ) ,lace to correspond1 & ! ,gre5 silk ,sun ,%ades ( ! same ,col\r10 gre5 be+ pleasant to ! eye4 ,v5etian bl9ds1 he says1 are v nice 9 w>m wea!r1 & %\ld be pa9t$ v]digris gre5 on ! inside & on ! outside a col\r :i* mat*es ) t ( ! coa*-body4 ,fur!r in/ructions foll[4 ,y are advis$ nev] to p]mit (fici\s /rang]s to %ut y\r c>riage door--a piece ( s\nd advice :i* might well be foll[$ to-day :5 se$y p expect a small tip = hav+ wat*$ y get into a cab--& if y\r coa*man sees any "o ab\t to d s1 he is to say 8l\dly & imp]atively1 #8,don't m$dle ) ! ,door6'0 ,! *ief mak] ( ^! *>iots 0 ! celebrat$ ,samuel ,hobson1 8:o may be truly said to h improv$ & remodell$ e sort ( c>riage1 :i* came "u 8 notice1 especially z reg>ds ! arti/ic =m & con/ruction1 bo? ( body & c>riage40 8,hobson's ,*>iots10 inde$1 7 9 a class by !mselves4 8,he l[]$ ! :eels ( coa*es & *>iots10 says ,?rupp1 8to #c ft4 #c 94 9 front & #d ft4 #e 94 beh9d1 & l5g!n$ ! c>riage "p once m to su* a true proportion to ! :ole vehicle z has approv$ itself z correct to ea* succe$+ g5]ation ( ,coa*build]s & us]s ( c>riages4 ,he l[]$ ! body1 too1 s t x c\ld be ent]$ by a mod]ate d\ble /ep in/ead ( ! ?ree-fold ladd] previ\sly 9 use40 ,illu/ration3 ,b>\*e ,) ,ack]man's ,pat5t ,movable ,axles ,illu/ration3 ,l&aulet ,) ,pat5t ,ro( & ,movable ,axles ,mr4 ,j]vis's rem>ks ab\t ! coa*mak]'s be+ all[$ to *oose ! ext]ior ( 8 cu/om]'s c>riage no d\bt foll[$ on ! practice1 m5tion$ by ,bridges ,adams1 ( build+ p>ticul> c>riages ^u a g5]al *>iot basis4 ,( ^! hybrids1 p]haps ! mo/ popul> 0 ! ,briska-*>iot4 ,! briska itself 7m correctly ! britzs*ka7 _h be5 introduc$ into ,engl& f ,au/ria ab\t #ahah by ,mr4 ,t4 ,g4 ,adams1 ?\gh ,bridges ,adams ?9ks t x 0 fir/ br\ght "h at a r lat] date by ! ,e>l ( ,clanwilliam1 8:o lik$ x = its lightness2 = :i* reason x probably obta9$1 among/ coa*m5 & me*anics1 ! translat$ "n ,brisk] or ,brisky40 ,9 ,engl& x 0 made 9 v>i\s sizes & ) v>i\s modifications4 ,a small "o = "o horse 0 8a light op5 c>riage1 fitt$ ) a lea!rn top ov] ! front inside seat2 :i* top _h a glaz$ front & sides1 or glaz$ front & ,v5etian bl9ds to ! sides40 ,its *ief *>act]i/ics 7 a small seat at ! back ( ! ma9 body & a /raight bottom l9e to ! body itself--?is giv+ x 8a %ip-l & fa/-go+ appe>ance40 ,t5 ye>s aft] its introduction x 0 s imm5sely popul> z to ?reat5 e o!r c>riage2 nor 0 ?is altoge!r surpris+1 = 9 addition to be+ lik$ = ! sake ( its own lightness1 x l5t itself s well to e v>iety ( purpose4 ,& ( ^! modifi$ briskas1 ! briska-*>iot 0 "o ( ! mo/ fav\r$4 ,x 0 9 p>ticul> dem& ) ^? travell+ abroad1 inasmu* z its great l5g? enabl$ its pass5g]s to lie at full l5g?4 ,ano!r v>iety1 ! droitzs*ka or drosky1 0 a modification ( ! ,russian vehicle ( t "n4 ,?is 0 built l[1 an op5 p]* c>riage ) a hood1 us$ *iefly by 8languid1 ag$1 or n]v\s p]sons1 & *ildr540 ,! drosky seems to h giv5 ! idea to ,mr4 ,david ,davies = 8 pil5tum1 :i* 0 v simil> 9 appe>ance4 ,?is ,mr4 ,davies is also suppos$ to h be5 ! inv5tor ( ! popul> cab-phaeton1 a "o-horse1 l[-hung c>riage susp5d$ on f\r elliptic spr+s4 ,on ! ,cont95t ?is c>riage became kn[n z a milord1 once mo/ ari/ocratic1 b by #ahej little bett] ?an a hack4 ,x 0 some:at simil> 9 appe>ance to ! victoria4 ,! phaeton 0 /ill made1 b 0 be+ sup]s$$ by ! briska4 ,! ma9 seat ( ! c>riages1 z 9 ! old p]*-high phaetons1 0 /ill ov] ! front axle1 b ! body 0 n[ hung l[ on elliptic spr+s4 ,su* a p]*less c>riage 0 call$ by ,adams 8! v simple/ =m ( :eel$ vehicle 9 ord9>y use4 ,x is lit]ally a long box1 ) an arm-*air 9 front1 & a b5* beh9d40 ,& t is a rem>kably good description4 ,"h1 too1 z ) ! *>iots1 !re 7 also v>i\s hybrids4 ,l&aulets 7 v popul> 9 ,london1 & 7 made 9 great quantities by ! firm ) :i* ,obadiah ,elliott himself 0 connect$4 ,a pat5t ro( & ,ack]mann's movable axles are %[n 9 ! accompany+ illu/ration ( ?is c>riage4 ,illu/ration3 ,/anhope ,illu/ration3 ,tilbury ,illu/ration3 ,cabriolet ,we come n[ to ! two-:eel$ c>riages4 ,( ^! ! mo/ fa%ionable 0 /ill ! curricle1 ?\gh ,bridges ,adams consid]$ ! %ape ( ! body 8c]ta9ly unsightly40 ,x is int]e/+ to notice 9 ?is connection t ! mode ( atta*+ ! two horses to ! curricle 0 8precisely t ( ! classic c>1 only m elegant40 ,x 0 9 a curricle t ,*>les ,dick5s rode ab\t s soon z he 0 able to af=d ! luxury ( a private c>riage4 ,! cabriolet1 some:at simil> to x 9 =m1 0 simply ! old "o-horse *aise br\ght up to date4 ,! body resembl$ a nautilus %ell1 ?us diff]+ f ! popul> two-:eel$ c>riage call$ a tilbury4 ,?is _h be5 built fir/ by a c>riage-mak] ( ! same "n4 ,x 0 con/ruct$ )\t a boot 7or h9d seat7 & 0 a v light c>riage1 )1 h[ev]1 r too mu* ironwork & too _m spr+s--sev5 9 all--ab\t x4 ,italy & ,portugal seem to h tak5 to ?is p>ticul> gig & num]\s consignm5ts 7 s5t s\? by wat]4 ,ano!r vehicle1 n v diff]5t1 0 ! /anhope1 also built by ,tilbury to ! ord] ( ! ,hon4 ,fitzroy ,/anhope1 a bro!r ( ,"l ,pet]%am4 ,?is 0 mu* l ! old rib *air1 b hung f f\r spr+s4 ,! only diff]5ce1 s f> z ! %ape ( _! bodies goes1 betwe5 ! tilbury & ! /anhope is to be f\nd 9 ! fact t 9 ! /anhope x is r l>g] & m capaci\s4 ,! d5net1 inv5t$ by a ,mr4 ,b5nett ( ,f9sbury1 _h a body resembl+ t ( a phaeton4 ,x _h ?ree spr+s1 & ,bridges ,adams1 )\t be+ c]ta9 ^u ! po9t1 ?9ks t x took its "n f ^! ?ree spr+s1 :i* 7 nam$ aft] ! ?ree ,misses ,d5net1 8^: elegant /age-danc+ 0 s mu* 9 vogue ab\t ! "t ! vehicle 0 fir/ us$40 ,! lighte/ ( all ^! c>riages1 h[ev]1 0 ! common gig1 su* z t ar*-jok]1 ,!odore ,hook1 0 accu/om$ to drive 91 :i* at ?is "t 0 8simply an op5 rail$ *air1 fix$ on ! %afts1 & support$ on two side spr+s1 ! h>d] ends ( :i* 7 connect$ to ! loop irons by lea!rn braces--to give m fre$om to ! motion40 ,small alt]ations 9 ! gig1 su* z ! addition ( a deep boot & ,v5etian bl9ds to ! lock]s 7to c>ry dogs7 l$ to ! fir/ dog-c>t4 ,"h ! pass5g]s sat back to back4 ,t&em-c>ts 7 v simil>1 ?\gh "h ! driv]'s seat 0 rais$4 ,! dog-c>t itself gave rise to num]\s v>ieties1 su* z ! ,newport1 ! ,malv]n1 ! ,:ite*apel1 ! slid+ body1 & ! ,norwi* c>ts4 ,9 ,am]ica ! buggy1 a light waggon1 ! sulky1 ! fantail gig1 ! tub-bodi$ gig1 ! *>iotee1 & ! public sociable 7 ! *ief c>riages4 ,! rockaway1 made fir/ 9 #ahcj1 0 a light waggon ) wood5 spr+s on ! outside ( ! body4 ,! volante1 mu* us$ at ?is "t by ! ,spani% ladies ( ,s\? ,am]ica & ,cuba1 0 a hood$ gig ^u two high :eels4 ,b 9 ,am]ica1 z 9 ,europe1 no entirely new bodies or me?ods ( fram+ 7 ne$$1 & su* little diff]5ces z !re 7 are only ( int]e/ to ! coa*build] or ! exp]t4 ,be=e pass+1 h[ev]1 to ! public conveyances1 to :i*1 x w\ld seem1 mo/ c>riage-build]s ( an inv5tive turn 7 n[ giv+ _! att5tion1 ,i may m5tion "o or two p>ticul>ly qua9t or fanciful c>riages :i* d n readily fall into a recognis$ class4 ,ab\t ?is "t sev]al p seem to h be5 at pa9s to produce a ?ree-:eel$ c>riage1 8app>5tly design$10 says ,croal1 8to ov]come an elem5t ( dang] 9 ! ord9>y two-:eel$ gig1 9 :i* s mu* ( ! bus9ess & pleasure ( travell+ took place40 ,9 ,am]ica1 ! *ief exp]im5ts 9 ?is direction 7 made by ,dr4 ,nott1 presid5t ( ,union ,college at ,s*5ectady1 :o produc$ a ?ree-:eel$ *>iot1 9 :i* he drove ab\t4#dh 8,! body ( ! vehicle 0 support$ by ! ne> axle on two :eels1 :ile a ?ird :eel 9 front 0 9 close connection ) ! %afts1 s t x revolv$ ) !m z !y turn$4 ,by ?is arrangem5t ! body ( ! c>riage c\ld be hung l[1 support$ entirely by ! :eels1 :ile ! ?ird :eel 9 front1 revolv+ 9 a small circle ) ! %aft1 enabl$ ! occupants to make a %ort & safe turn40 ,:at became ( ?is weird vehicle is n kn[n1 b its inv5tor's memory 0 en%r9$ 9 a song1 "o v]se ( :i* runs z foll[s3-- 8,:]e1 oh :]e1 is ! good old ,doctor8 ,:]e1 oh :]e1 is ! good old ,doctor8 ,he w5t up 9 ! ,?ree ,:eel ,*>iot1 ,safe into ! ,promis$ ,l&60 ,a six-:eel$ c>riage 0 also propos$ by ,sir ,sidney ,smi?4 ,"h1 z 9 ,bridges ,adams's v>i\s equirotal c>riages 7nev] successful & p>ticul>ly ugly1 s f> z ! pictures ( !m are conc]n$71 ! :eels 7 all ( equal size4 ,great ?+s 7 promis$ ( x1 b t 0 all4 ,! "q1 h[ev]1 ( safety c>riages 0 be+ v widely consid]$4 ,accid5ts mu/ h be5 all too frequ5t4 ,runaway horses & high gigs betwe5 !m 7 con/antly br++ ! m reckless driv]s to an untimely end4 ,9 #ahbe a good proposal 0 made = a safety gig1 :i* 0 to h a contrivance fix$ to ! %afts s t !y %\ld rema9 9 a horizontal position1 :e!r ! horse 7 betwe5 !m or n4 ,exp]im5ts 7 also made ) "s su* contrivance z ,sir ,francis ,delavel _h fir/ tri$ ) 8 eighte5?-c5tury phaeton4 ,& !n came a "t :5 almo/ e coa*build] _h "s 8pet dodge0 ) :i* ! dang]s ( travell+ 7 suppos$ to be r$uc$ to a m9imum4 ,9 ,irel&1 :]e at a v e>ly date a r\gh1 flat-bo>d$ waggon on two solid :eels _h be5 us$ = pass5g]-traffic--9 :i* case ! pass5g]s sat on ! bo>ds back to back ) _! legs dangl+ ov] ! sides--a peculi> vehicle call$ a noddy 0 n[ popul>4 ,a writ] 9 ,blackwood's ,magaz9e = #ahbf speaks ( ?is c>riage4 8,a *aise & pair1 mis]able 9 %[ & sub/ance z bo? really 71 0 a species ( luxuri\s conveyance to :i* ! ambition ( ! middle class ( travell]s 9 ,irel& be=e #ahjj nev] v5tur$ to aspire4 ,su* z 7 cont5t ) a less dignifi$ mode ( travell+ on :eels1 ! city ( ,dubl9 accommodat$ ) a vehicle unp>allel$1 ,i believe1 9 any "p ( ! _w1 & s+ul> 9 "n z well z con/ruction4 ,x 0 call$ a ,noddy1 drawn by "o horse1 & c>ry+ two1 or if n ( ov]gr[n dim5sions1 ?ree pass5g]s4 ,! body ( ?is #8lea!rn conv5i5ce1' :i* bore "s resemblance to an old-fa%ion$ phaeton1 #8beetl$ o'er its base' 9 front1 ! bett] to protect ! inmates2 & be+ slung f cross-b>s by /rong braces in/ead ( spr+s1 nodd$ =midably at e movem5t ( ! horse1 h5ce d]iv+ ! appropriate appellation ( ,noddy4 ,9 case ( ra9 bl[+ 91 a curta9 ( ! same mat]ial af=d$ its fri5dly %elt]1 wrapp+ ! pass5g]s 9 total d>kness1 ?\gh1 z f> z ! prospect 0 conc]n$1 ! inconv5i5ce 0 little2 ! only visible object :5 x 0 )drawn be+ ! broad back & %\ld]s ( ! brawny driv]1 :o re/$ 8 legs ^u ! %aft1 & 8 sitt+ "p on a sort ( /ool a v little way remov$ f ! knees ( ! p]son seat$ )94 ,simple1 awkw>d1 & uneasy z ?is contrivance 01 x 0 n disda9$ ev5 by s5ators at an e>li] p]iod ?an t ( :i* ,i write2 & a nobleman1 "s ?irty ye>s old] ?an myself1 too1 ( high rank & l>ge e/ate1 assur$ me t x 0 8 usual conveyance to & f college accompani$ by a tru/y s]vant or private tutor40 ,! ord9>y jaunt+ c> & ! l>g] bian--! inv5tion ( ,bianconi1 a ri* tradesman 9 ,dubl91 ?\gh = _m ye>s an it9]ant deal]--h>dly diff]$ 9 po9ts ( con/ruction f ,engli% c>riages1 ?\gh ! pass5g]s sat back to back on a seat t ran p>allel to ! %afts4 ,9 ,wales ! m>ket c>t 0 ev5 m primitive ?an ! noddy ( ,irel&4 ,?is 0 a l[1 two-:eel$1 spr+less box ( an affair1 9 :i* y sat z be/ y c\ld on ! bo>ds4 ,!re 0 no cov]+ at all4 ,a rail at ! back1 ext5d+ "s way along ! sides1 help$ to prev5t y f fall+ out beh9d1 if ! horse gave a sudd5 lur* =w>d4 ,:il/ ,european c>riages 7 ?us tak+ on a sob]] aspect1 ,ea/]n coa*es 7 ma9ta9+ all _! old magnific5ce4 ,! ,mah>ajah ( ,mysore1 to take "o in/ance1 travell$ 9 a truly m>vell\s elephant c>riage 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 8,its int]ior 0 a d\ble s(a = six p]sons1 cov]$ ) d>k gre5 velvet & gold1 surm\nt$ by an awn+ ( clo? ( gold1 9 ! %ape ( two small scallop$ domes1 meet+ ov] ! c5tre1 & surr\nd$ by a ri*ly ornam5t$ v]&ah1 support$ by light1 elegant1 flut$ gilt pill>s4 ,! :ole 0 capable ( conta9+ sixty p]sons1 & 0 ab\t tw5ty-two feet 9 height4 ,x mov$ on f\r :eels1 ! h9d] ones eight feet 9 diamet]1 ) a bread? ( twelve feet betwe5 !m4 ,x 0 drawn by six imm5se elephants1 an exact mat* 9 size1 ) a driv] on ea*1 h>ness$ to ! c>riage by traces1 z 9 ,engl&1 & _! huge heads cov]$ ) a sort ( cap made ( ri*ly embroid]$ clo?4 ,! pace at :i* ! elephants mov$ 0 a sl[ trot1 ( ab\t sev5 miles an h\r--!y 7 v /eady1 & ! spr+s ( ! coa* p>ticul>ly easy4 ,! %ape ( ! body 0 t ( an extremely elegant flat scallop-%ell1 pa9t$ d>k gre5 & gold4 ,?is magnific5t c>riage 0 ! production ( native workm51 assi/$ by a half-ca/e ,fr5*man40 ,ev5 ?is vehicle1 h[ev]1 0 eclips$ by ! /ate c>riage ( a rul+ ,burmese *ief1 captur$ by ! ,briti% 9 #ahbd4 8,?is c>riage pres5t$ "o entire blaze ( gold1 silv]1 & preci\s /ones2 ! la/-nam$ am\nt+ to _m ?\s&s1 includ+ diamonds1 rubies1 blue & :ite sapphires1 em]alds1 ame?y/s1 g>nets1 topazes1 cry/als1 & ! curi\s & r>e /ones kn[n z cat's eyes4 ,! c>riage /ood ne>ly ?irty feet 9 height10 & 0 drawn by elephants4 8,9 =m & con/ruction10 says ,croal1 89 its elaborate & sup]ior c>v+1 & its gr& & impos+ effect1 ?is coa* takes rank z "o ( ! mo/ spl5did equipages 9 exi/5ce40 ,_m *anges1 mean:ile1 7 tak+ place 9 ! public c>riages4 ,( ! mail-coa*es ,i ne$ say no?+ at all4 ,num]\s books exi/ :i* retell all ^? romances ( ! road :i* ev5 9 ^! days ( motor-c>s _c be altoge!r =gott54 ,! ,gold5 ,age ( coa*+ 0 at h&1 & no pr9t-%op is complete )\t "s score or m ( c>efully col\r$ engrav+s ( "o or o!r ( 8! ,mails40 ,!y bore p>ticul> names--!re 7 ,fly+ ,ma*9es & ,telegraphs & ! l--& !y 7 l>g] ?an 9 ! days :5 ,palm] _h inaugurat$ ! sy/em1 b t 0 all4#di ,com+ to su* public vehicles1 h[ev]1 z 7 9 g5]al conf9$ to ! metropolis1 we f9d _m *anges4 ,! old hackney-coa*es /ill pli$ = hire4 ,!y _h _! p>ticul> /&s1 & ! f>es 7 subject to /rict1 ?\gh sometimes exce$+ly qua9t1 regulations4 ,! fir/ section ( ! new ,ord]s issu$ 9 #ahba may be quot$ z be>+ ^u ! /ructure ( ! hackneys4 8,x is ord]$1 con/itut$1 & orda9$1 t1 f & aft] ! f\r-&-tw5tie? ,day ( ,june next ensu+ ! ,day ( ! ,date ( ^! ,pres5ts1 ! ,p]* ( e ,coa* %all be ,t5 ,feet long at ! lea/2 & su* ,coa* %all h cross ,lea!r ,braces be=e1 & n brac$ d[n1 b %all hang ^u a ,level1 & n high] beh9d ?an be=e1 & to be dec5t1 clean1 /rong1 & w>m1 ) ,glass ,w9d[s on ea* ,side1 or ,%utt]s ) ,glasses ( ,n9e ,in*es 9 ,l5g?1 & ,six ,in*es 9 ,bread? 9 ea* ,%utt]2 & l>ge en\gh to c>ry ,f\r ,p]sons conv5i5tly2 & ! ,horses to e su* ,coa* %all be able & suffici5t = ! ,bus9ess :5 su* ,coa* & ,horses come f ,home1 to ,ply2 on a ,p5alty n exce$+ ,t5 ,%ill+s1 at ! ,discretion ( ! said ,commission]s1 to be paid by ! ,own] ( ! ,lic5se1 if ! same be n r5t$ out1 & 9 ,case ! same %all be r5t$ out1 !n ^u a ,r5t] !re(40 ,leigh ,hunt c\ld f9d little good to say ( !m4 ,says he1 quot+ f a supposititi\s poetess3-- 8,?\ inconv5i5ce6 ?\ hungry crop ,= all corn6 ?\ small creep] to & fro ,:o :ile ?\ goe/ ev] seem'/ to /op1 ,& fiddle-faddle /&e/ :ile y g2 ,i'! morn+1 freight$ ) a weight ( woe1 ,unto "s ,laz>-h\se ?\ j\rnie/1 ,& 9 ! ev5+ tak'/ a d\ble r[ ,( d[dies1 = "s dance or p>ty dre/1 ,besides ! goods mean:ile ?\ move/ ea/ & we/4 8,by ?y ungallant be>+ & sad mi51 ,an in* appe>s ! utmo/ ?\ c\ld/ budge2 ,yet at ! slighte/ nod1 or h9t1 or sign1 ,r\nd to ! curb-/one pati5t do/ ?\ trudge2 ,s*ool'd 9 a beckon1 le>n$ 9 a nudge2 ,a dull-ey$ ,argus wat*+ = a f>e2 ,quiet & plodd+1 ?\ doe/ be> no grudge ,to :isk+ ,tilburies1 or ,phaetons r>e1 ,curricles1 or ,mail-coa*es1 swift beyond comp>e40 ,dick5s 0 famili> ) ^! hackneys1 & 9 "o ( ! ,sket*es by ,boz draws a picture ( !m4 8,take a regul>1 pond]\s1 rickety1 ,london hackney-coa*1 ( ! old s*ool1 & let any man h ! boldness to ass]t1 if he c1 t he ev] beheld any object on ! face ( ! e>? :i* at all resembles x unless1 inde$1 x 7 ano!r hackney-coa* ( ! same date4 ,we h rec5tly obs]v$ on c]ta9 /&s1 & we say x ) deep regret1 r dapp] gre5 *>iots1 & coa*es ( poli%$ yell[1 ) f\r :eels ( ! same col\r z ! coa*1 :]eas x is p]fectly notori\s to e "o :o has /udi$ ! subject1 t e :eel ought to be ( a diff]5t col\r1 & a diff]5t size4 ,^! are innovations1 &1 l o!r miscall$ improvem5ts1 awful signs ( ! re/lessness ( ! public m9d1 & ! little respect paid to our "t-hon\r$ in/itutions4 ,:y %\ld hackney-coa*es be clean8 ,our ance/ors f\nd !m dirty1 & left !m s4 ,:y %\ld we1 ) a fev]i% wi% to #8keep mov+1' desire to roll along at ! rate ( six miles an h\r1 :ile !y 7 cont5t to rumble ov] ! /ones at f\r8 ,^! are solemn consid]ations4 ,hackney-coa*es are "p & p>cel ( ! law ( ! l&2 !y 7 settl$ by ! ,legislature2 plat$ & numb]$ by ! wisdom ( ,p>liam5t4 8,!n :y h !y be5 swamp$ by cabs & omnibuses8 ,or :y %\ld p be all[$ to ride quickly = eightp5ce a mile1 aft] ,p>liam5t _h come to ! solemn decision t !y %\ld pay a %ill+ a mile = rid+ sl[ly8 ,we pause = a reply--&1 hav+ no *ance ( gett+ "o1 beg9 a fre% p>agraph4444 8,!re is a hackney-coa* /& "u ! v w9d[ at :i* we are writ+2 !re is only "o coa* on x n[1 b x is a fair specim5 ( ! class ( vehicles to :i* we h allud$--a great1 lumb]+1 squ>e conc]n1 ( a d+y yell[ col\r 7l a bili\s brunette71 ) v small glasses1 b v huge frames2 ! panels are ornam5t$ ) a fad$ coat ( arms1 9 %ape some?+ l a dissect$ bat1 ! axle-tree is r$1 & ! majority ( ! :eels are gre54 ,! box is p>tially cov]$ by an old great-coat1 ) a multiplicity ( capes1 & "s extraord9>y-look+ clo!s2 & ! /raw1 ) :i* ! canvas cu%ion is /uff$1 is /ick+ up 9 sev]al places1 z if 9 rivalry ( ! hay1 :i* is peep+ ?r\gh ! *9ks 9 ! boot4 ,! horses ) droop+ heads1 & ea* ) a mane & tail z scanty & /raggl+ z ^? ( a worn-out rock+-horse1 are /&+ pati5tly on "s damp /raw1 occasionally w9c+1 & rattl+ ! h>ness2 & n[ & !n1 "o ( !m lifts 8 m\? to ! e> ( 8 companion1 z if he 7 say+ 9 a :isp]1 t he %\ld l to assass9ate ! coa*man4 ,! coa*man himself is 9 ! wat]+-h\se2 & ! wat]man1 ) 8 h&s =c$ into 8 pockets z f> z !y c possibly g1 is danc+ ! #8d\ble %uffle1' 9 front ( ! pump1 to keep 8 feet w>m4444 8,talk ( cabs6 ,cabs are all v well 9 cases ( exp$ition1 :5 x's a matt] ( neck or no?+1 life or dea?1 y\r tempor>y home or y\r long "o4 ,b1 besides a cab's lack+ t gravity ( deportm5t :i* s peculi>ly di/+ui%es a hackney-coa*1 let x nev] be =gott5 t a cab is a ?+ ( ye/]day1 & t he nev] 0 any?+ bett]4 ,a hackney-cab _h always be5 a hackney-cab1 f 8 fir/ entry into life2 :]eas a hackney-coa* is a remnant ( pa/ g5tility1 a victim to fa%ion1 a hang]-on ( an old ,engli% family1 we>+ _! arms1 & 9 days ( yore1 escort$ by m5 we>+ _! liv]y1 /ripp$ ( 8 f9]y1 & ?r[n ^u ! _w1 l a once-sm>t footman :5 he is no long] suffici5tly juv5ile = 8 (fice1 progress+ l[] & l[] 9 ! scale ( f\r-:eel$ degradation1 until at la/ x comes to--a /&60 ,^! new cabs1 inde$1 71 z ,dick5s says1 a ?+ ( ye/]day1 b !y _h _h ance/ors4 ,_! imm$iate =efa!rs came f ,p>is1 :]e !y _h be5 kn[n = "s "t "u ! "n ( cabriolets de place4 ,light two-:eel$ c>riages1 ^! 71 :i* _h be5 evolv$ q naturally f ! orig9al ,fr5* gig ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! popul>ity ( ^! cabriolets 9 ,p>is naturally l$ c]ta9 ent]pris+ p 9 ,london to attempt _! importation1 b !re 0 a difficulty to be surm\nt$4 ,! proprietors ( ! hackney-coa*es _h secur$ a monopoly = c>ry+ p 9 ! /reets ( ,london4 ,9 #ahje1 h[ev]1 lic5ces 7 obta9$ = n9e cabriolets1 :i* !reupon />t$ to run4 ,9 ^! two pass5g]s c\ld be c>ri$1 & ! driv] sat side by side ) 8 f>es4 ,!y 7 n a great success4 ,9 ! fir/ place !y 7 n all[$ except 9 c]ta9 areas1 & 9 ! second pass5g]s did n app>5tly appreciate ! close proximity ( ! driv]4 ,a numb] ( ye>s pass$ be=e !y ei!r increas$ 9 numb]s or caught ! public fancy4 ,b 9 #ahbc1 ! ,mr4 ,davies :o _h design$ ! cab-phaeton built twelve new cabriolets1 :i* 7 put on to ! /reets = hire at ! end ( ,april4 8#8,cabriolets1' runs a newspap] acc\nt1 #871 9 hon\r ( ,8 ,maje/y's bir?day1 introduc$ to ! public ?is ,april #bcrd morn+4 ,!y are built to hold two p]sons inside besides ! driv] 7:o is p>tition$ (f f 8 company71 & are furni%$ ) a book ( f>es = ! use ( ! public1 to prev5t ! possibility ( imposition4 ,^! books w be f\nd 9 a pocket hung inside ! head ( ! cabriolet4 ,! f>es are "o-?ird less ?an hackney-coa*es4'0 ,^! new cabs1 pa9t$ yell[1 _h "o novel feature :i* mu/ h a/oni%$ ! inhabitants1 = ! driv]'s seat 0 a r comical affair at ! side--entirely outside ! hood4 ,9 ?is way privacy 0 ensur$1 p>ticul>ly if ! curta9s 9 front ( ! hood 7 drawn toge!r4 8,! hood10 says ,mr4 ,moore1#ej 8/rongly resembl$ a c(f9 /&+ on end1 & e>n$ = ! vehicle ! nickname ( #8c(f9-cab4'0 ,cruik%ank's picture ( "o ( ^!1 to illu/rate a ,sket* by ,boz1 %[s ! curi\s %ape ( ! hood v well4 ,9 a %ort :ile ^! cabriolets became popul>--!re 7 ov] "o hundr$ & fifty ( !m 9 #ahcj--p>ticul>ly ) ! y\ng] g5]ation4 ,a v]se ( a !n popul> song m5tions !m3-- 8,9 days ( old :5 folks got tir$1 ,a hackney-coa* or a *>iot 0 hir$2 ,b n[ along ! /reets !y roll ye ,9 a %ay ) a cov] call$ a cabrioly10 :i* h9ts at a slightly incorrect pronunciation6 ,b 9 a %ort :ile ! cockney f\nd x easi] to say cab1 did s1 & has done s ev] s9ce4 ,dick5s describes ^! cabs 9 8 essay on ! ,london /reets3-- 8,cabs1 ) trunks & b&-boxes betwe5 ! driv]s' legs & outside ! apron1 rattle briskly up & d[n ! /reets on _! way to ! coa*-(fices or /eam-packet :>fs2 & ! cab-driv]s & hackney-coa*m5 :o are on ! /& poli% up ! ornam5tal "p ( _! d+y vehicles--! =m] wond]+ h[ p c pref] #8!m wild bea/ c>iwans ( homnibuses1 to a rigl> cab ) a fa/ trott]1' & ! latt] admir+ h[ p c tru/ _! necks into "o ( #8!m crazy cabs1 :5 !y c h a 'spectable 'ackney cot*e ) a pair ( 'orses z von't run away ) no vun'2 a consolation unque/ionably f\nd$ on fact1 see+ t a hackney-coa* horse nev] 0 kn[n to run at all1 #8except1' z ! sm>t cabman 9 front ( ! rank obs]ves1 #8except "o1 & he run back'ards4'0 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,c(f9-,cab 7,f a ,draw+ by ,cruik%ank7 ,illu/ration3 ,london ,cab ( #ahbc1 ) ,curta9s drawn 7,f 8,omnibuses & ,cabs07 ,!re is ano!r sket* ( ,dick5s :i* m]its quotation "h4 ,! two-:eel$ cabs 71 ( c\rse1 soon sup]s$$ by o!rs ( m mod]n appe>ance1 & ,dick5s speaks ( ! la/ ( ! cab-driv]s & 8 p>ticul> cab1 ) a few in/ructions ^u rid+ 9 x4 ,?is cabriolet 80 gorge\sly pa9t$--a bright r$2 & :]ev] we w5t1 ,city or ,we/ ,end1 ,padd+ton or ,holl[ay1 ,nor?1 ,ea/1 ,we/1 or ,s\?1 !re 0 ! r$ cab1 bump+ up aga9/ ! po/s at ! /reet corn]s1 & turn+ 9 & out1 among hackney-coa*es1 & drays1 & c>ts1 & waggons1 & omnibuses1 & contriv+ by "s /range means or o!r1 to get out ( places :i* no o!r vehicle b ! r$ cab c\ld ev] by any possibility h contriv$ to get into at all4 ,our fondness = t r$ cab 0 unb\nd$4 ,h[ we %\ld h lik$ to h se5 x 9 ! circle at ,a/ley's6444 8,"s p object to ! ex]tion ( gett+ into cabs1 & o!rs object to ! difficulty ( gett+ out ( !m2 we ?9k bo? ^! are objections :i* take _! rise 9 p]v]se & ill-condition$ m9ds4 ,! gett+ into a cab is a v pretty & graceful process1 :i*1 :5 well p]=m$1 is ess5tially melodramatic4 ,fir/1 !re is ! expressive pantomime ( e "o ( ! eighte5 cabm5 on ! /&1 ! mom5t y raise y\r eyes f ! gr\nd4 ,!n !re is y\r own pantomime 9 reply--q a little ballet4 ,f\r cabs imm$iately leave ! /&1 = y\r especial accommodation2 & ! evolutions ( ! animals :o draw !m are beautiful 9 ! extreme1 z !y grate ! :eels ( ! cabs aga9/ ! curb-/ones1 & sport playfully 9 ! k5nel4 ,y s+le out a p>ticul> cab1 & d>t swiftly t[>ds x4 ,"o b\nd1 & y are on ! fir/ /ep2 turn y\r body lightly r\nd to ! "r1 & y are on ! second2 b5d gracefully b5ea? ! re9s1 work+ r\nd to ! left at ! same "t1 & y are 9 ! cab4 ,!re is no difficulty 9 f9d+ a seat3 ! apron knocks y com=tably into x at once1 & (f y g4 8,! gett+ out ( a cab is1 p]haps1 r m complicat$ 9 its !ory1 & a %ade m difficult 9 its execution4 ,we h /udi$ ! subject a good deal1 & we ?9k ! be/ way is to ?r[ y\rself out1 & tru/ to *ance = alight+ on y\r feet4 ,if y make ! driv] alight fir/1 & !n ?r[ y\rself ^u him1 y w f9d t he breaks y\r fall mat]ially4 ,9 ! ev5t ( y\r contemplat+ an (f] ( eightp5ce1 on no acc\nt make ! t5d]1 or %[ y\r money1 until y are safely on ! pavem5t4 ,x is v bad policy attempt+ to save ! f\rp5ce4 ,y are v mu* 9 ! p[] ( a cabman1 & he consid]s x a k9d ( fee n to d y any wilful damage4 ,any in/ruction1 h[ev]1 9 ! art ( gett+ out ( a cab is :olly unnecess>y if y are go+ any di/ance1 because ! probability is t y w be %ot lightly out be=e y h complet$ ! ?ird mile4 8,we are n aw>e ( any in/ance on record 9 :i* a cab-horse has p]=m$ ?ree consecutive miles )\t go+ d[n once4 ,:at ( t8 ,x is all excitem5t4 ,& 9 ^! days ( d]angem5t ( ! n]v\s sy/em & univ]sal lassitude1 p are cont5t to pay h&somely = excitem5t2 :]e c x be procur$ at a *eap] rate80 ,?omas ,hood also m5tions bo? hackney-coa*es & cabs 9 "o ( 8 comic poems1 ,conveyanc+4 8,o1 ,london is ! place = all ,9 love ) loco-motion6 ,/ill to & fro ! p g ,l bill[s ( ! ocean2 ,ma*9e or man1 or c>avan1 ,c all be _h = pay+1 ,:5 great e/ates1 or heavy weights1 ,or bodies want convey+4 8,!re's always hacks ab\t 9 packs1 ,:]e9 y may be %ak51 ,& ,j>vis is n always drunk1 ,?o' always ov]tak52 ,9 rac+ tricks he'll nev] mix1 ,8 nags are 9 _! la/ days1 ,& sl[ to g1 al?o' !y %[ ,z if !y _h _! fa/ days6 8,!n if y l a s+le horse1 ,?is age is q a cab-age1 ,a c> n q s small & light ,z ^? ( our ,que5 ,mab age2 ,! horses h be5 brok5 well1 ,all dang] is resc9d$1 ,= "s h brok5 bo? _! knees1 ,& "s are brok5-w9d$40 ,:ile ^! cabs 7 /ill runn+1 sev]al exp]im5ts 7 be+ made ) pat5t c>riages4 ,"o ( ^!1 plac$ on ! /reets = a %ort :ile1 0 ! inv5tion ( ,mr4 ,william ,b\lnois4 8,x 0 a two-:eel$ clos$ vehicle10 says ,mr4 ,moore1 8con/ruct$ to c>ry two pass5g]s sitt+ face to face4 ,! driv] sat on a small & p>ticul>ly unsafe seat on ! top ( x1 & ! door 0 at ! back4 ,x 01 9 fact1 s mu* l ! front ( an omnibus t x 0 well kn[n z ! omnibus slice4 ,its popul> "n 0 ! back-door cab4 ,sup]ior p call$ x a m9ibus4 ,?is cab 0 quickly foll[$ by a v simil>1 al?\gh l>g]1 vehicle inv5t$ by ,mr4 ,h>vey4 ,x 0 call$ a duobus40 ,^! two cabs _c h be5 v com=table2 ! %afts 7 too %ort1 & ! k t a possibly heavy coa*man 0 sitt+ j above y\r head seems to h militat$ aga9/ _! success4 ,ano!r cab1 n :olly successful 9 itself1 l$ ! way to ! widely popul> hansom4 ,?is 0 a c>riage inv5t$ 9 #ahcd by ,mr4 ,aloysius ,hansom1 ! ar*itect ( ! ,birm+ham ,t[n ,hall4 ,"h ! body 0 8almo/ squ>e & hung 9 ! c5tre ( a squ>e frame40 ,! driv]1 z be=e1 sat on ! ro(1 b _h a small seat fix$ !re = 8 conv5i5ce4 ,! doors 7 9 front1 on ei!r side ( ! driv]'s seat4 ,& ! :eels 7 ( a prodigi\s height--be+ sev5 feet six in*es4 ,mr4 ,hansom1 :o _h obvi\sly se5 "o ( ,francis ,moore's pat5t c>riages ( #agij1ea himself drove ?is c>riage f ,h9ckley 9 ,leice/]%ire to ,london1 & f\nd f9ancial support f ,mr4 ,b\lnois4 ,fur!r exp]im5ts 7 made--9 "o model y _h to ent] ! c>riage actually ?r\gh ! :eels1 ! door be+ 9 ?is case at ! sides--& x 0 f\nd t ! :eels c\ld be made consid]ably small] )\t dang] or inconv5i5ce4 ,:]eupon a company 0 =m$ to pur*ase ! inv5tion = a sum ( t5 ?\s& p\nds4 ,hansom1 h[ev]1 obta9$ no m ?an ?ree hundr$1 ! balance be+ us$ to p]fect ! f> f satisfactory cabs :i* _h be5 plac$ on ! /reets4 ,su* improvem5ts z 7 c>ri$ out 7 ! "w ( ,mr4 ,john ,*apman1#eb !n secret>y to ! ,safety ,cabriolet & ,two-,:eel ,c>riage ,company1 :o produc$ a mu* saf] vehicle1 aft]w>ds pur*as$ by ,hansom's company4 ,?is new cab 0 plac$ on ! /reets 9 #ahcf1 & prov$ su* a success t x 0 imitat$ by num]\s o!r companies4 ,legal proce$+s 7 in/itut$1 b prov$ bo? exp5sive & n p>ticul>ly successful1 & ! 8pirate0 cabs 7 all[$ to fl\ri% z be/ !y c\ld4 ,!n1 9 #ahcf1 0 made ! fir/ ( ^? f\r-:eel$ cabs1#ec :i* 7 n really cabs at all1 b :i* w nev] be kn[n by any o!r "n4 ,! fir/ ( ^! 0 built by ! +5i\s ,mr4 ,davies4 ,x bore sup]ficial resemblance to ! *>iot4 ,two pass5g]s c\ld ride inside1 & a ?ird on ! box at ! coa*man's side4 ,at ?is date ! old two-:eel$ cabs 7 8a s\rce ( ackn[l$g$ disgrace1 ( _m al>m+ accid5ts1 & ( lam5table loss ( life10 & a company 0 =m$ to provide 8a *eap1 exp$iti\s1 safe1 & commodi\s mode ( conveyance 9 lieu ( ! pres5t disgraceful & ill-conduct$ cabriolets40 ,two ye>s lat] ,"l ,br\gham 0 s pleas$ ) ! appe>ance ( ^! new cabs t he ord]$ "o = 8 own use4 ,s 0 ! fir/ br\gham con/ruct$--! e>lie/ private f\r-:eel$ clos$ c>riage to be drawn by a s+le horse4 8,! orig9al br\gham10 says ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1#ed 8diff]$ 9 _m p>ticul>s ( design1 proportion1 con/ruction1 & f9i% f ! mod]n c>riage4 ,! body 444 0 sev]al in*es wid] 9 front ?an at ! back1 & ?\gh bo? l>g] & heavi]1 0 nei!r s com=table nor s conv5i5t4444 ,x 0 held toge!r by heavy1 flat iron plates ?r\gh\t1 & ! front boot 0 connect$ ) ! front pill>s by /rong outside iron /ays1 fix$ ) bolts4 ,! :eels 7 at once small] 9 diamet] & mu* heavi]4 ,! c>riage c>ri$ a l>ge gu>d or #8op]a bo>d' at ! back ( ! body to protect ! occupants f risk ( injury 9 a cru%1 :5 ! pole ( a c>riage beh9d might o!rwise break ?r\gh ! back panel--an accid5t n[ occasionally se5 9 our cr[d$ /reets4 ,l all o!r c>riages ( ! "t !re 0 a sword case 9 ! back panel = weapons4 ,x 0 pa9t$ olive gre51 a v fa%ionable col\r at t p]iod40 ,ano!r hansom1 ! tribus1 may be notic$ "h1 ?\gh x 0 n inv5t$ until #ahdd4 ,9 ?is c>riage ! driv]'s seat 0 at ! back on a level ) ! ro(1 & ! door to 8 left at ! back--! reason ( ?is be+ t ! driv] c\ld op5 or close x )\t leav+ 8 seat4 ,ano!r peculi>ity 0 ! pres5ce ( five w9d[s1 two 9 front1 "o at ei!r side1 & a fif? at ! back und]nea? ! driv]'s seat4 ,! tribus 0 ! inv5tion ( ,mr4 ,h>vey1 :o also built a curricle tribus1 = two horses1 b nei!r 0 successful4 ,! qu>tobus 7#ahdd7 ( ,mr4 ,okey1 a f\r-:eel$ vehicle to hold f\r inside pass5g]s1 0 likewise )drawn aft] a %ort trial4 ,illu/ration3 ,ro*'s ,pat5t ,dioropha1 #ahea ,illu/ration3 ,br\gham1 #ahei ,a ^w may "h be said ( ! omnibus1 :i* _h be5 introduc$ 9 #ahai into ,p>is1 ?\gh n "u t "n1 by ,m4 ,jacques ,laffitte4 ,x 0 a mod]n outcome ( ! old gondola4 ,n9e ye>s lat] ! mod]n "n 0 giv5 to x by ,m4 ,baudry1 a retir$ milit>y (fic]4 ,laffitte _h rivals1 & ultimately det]m9$ to triumph ov] !m by build+ a sup]ior vehicle4 ,at ?is "t "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ coa*build]s 9 ,p>is 0 an ,engli%man1 once 9 ! ,navy1 nam$ ,george ,%illibe]4 ,to him came ,laffitte1 & ,%illibe]1 :il/ at "w on ! new conveyance1 conceiv$ ! idea ( />t+ a simil> "o 9 ,london4 ,accord+ly he %ipp$ "o ov] & ran x f ,padd+ton to ! ,bank4 ,?is fir/ omnibus ( 8 0 a long1 mu* be-w9d[$1 f\r-:eel$ c>riage ) a door at ! back1 & n unlike a private omnibus ( to-day4 ,a top-hatt$ coa*man sat on a high seat 9 front & drove ?ree horses abrea/4 ,?is 0 9 #ahai1 & f t "t1 9 spite ( ! usual opposition1 ^! new & r unsightly vehicles increas$ 9 numb]s until !re 7 =ty or fifty r\tes 9 ,london alone ^u :i* !y 7 to be h\rly se54 ,a song sung ) great success at a "t :5 ,%illibe] 0 ext5d+ 8 op]ations1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! direction ( ,gre5wi*1 :i!r x 0 propos$ to run "o ( ! new railroads1 may be quot$3-- 8,by a ,jo9t-,/ock ,company tak5 9 h&1 ,a railroad f ,london to ,gre5wi* is plann'd1 ,b !y're sure to be beat1 'tis mo/ c]ta9ly cle>1 ,_! rival has got ! />t--,george ,%illibe]4 8,i w n = c]ta9ty v\* = ! fact1 ,b believe t he means to run ov] ! ,act ,:i* ,p>liam5t pass'd at ! end ( la/ ye>1 ,n[ made null & void by ! new ,%illibe]4 8,8 elegant omnis1 :i* n[ ?rong ! road1 ,up & d[n e h\r mo/ con/antly load2 ,across all ! ?ree bridges h[ gaily appe> ,! ,orig9al ,omnibus--,george ,%illibe]4 8,^! pleasure & com=t ) safety comb9e1 ,!y w nei!r bl[ up nor explode l a m9e2 ,^? :o ride on ! railroad might half die ) fe>-- ,y c come to no h>m 9 ! new ,%illibe]4 8,h[ exce$+ly elegant fitt$1 inside1 ,) mahogany poli%$--s(t cu%ions--beside ,bright brass v5tilators at ea* end appe>1 ,! late/ improvem5ts 9 ! new ,%illibe]4 8,"h no draughts ( air cause a rick 9 ! neck1 ,or huge bur/+ boil]s bl[ all to a wreck1 ,b z safe z at home y f all dang] /e] ,:ile y travel abroad 9 ! gay ,%illibe]4 8,!n ( ! ext]ior ,i safely may say ,!re nev] 0 yet any c>riage m gay1 ,:ile ! r\nd-tire :eels make x pla9ly appe> ,t !re's none run s light z ! sm>t ,%illibe]4 8,8 conductors are fam\s = be+ polite1 ,oblig+ & civil1 !y always act "r1 ,= if j compla9t only comes to 8 e>1 ,!y are n long conductors = ,george ,%illibe]4 8,x 0 meant t !y all %\ld we> dresses alike1 ,b bad luck has prompt$ ! tailors to /rike4 ,:5 !y g to _! "w1 8 m5 w appe> ,a la ,franaise1 ,conducteur ,mons4 ,%illibe]4 8,unlike ! conductors by tailors oppre/1 ,8 horses h all 9 new h>ness be5 dre/3 ,! cattle are good1 ! m5's ord]s are cle>1 ,n to gallop or race--s says ,%illibe]4 8,t ! beauties ( ,gre5wi* & ,dept=d may ride ,9 8 elegant omni is ! height ( 8 pride-- ,s ! plan = a railroad mu/ soon disappe> ,:ile ! public approve ( ! new ,%illibe]40 ,*apt] ! ,t5? ,,mod]n ,,c>riages 8,soon %all ?y arm1 unconqu]$ /eam1 af> ,drag ! sl[ b>ge1 or urge ! rapid c>2 ,or on wide wav+ w+s exp&$ be> ,! fly+ *>iot ?r\gh ! realms ( air40 ,erasmus ,d>w94 ,! ye> ( ,que5 ,victoria's ,coronation saw ! successful op5+ ( ! ,london & ,birm+ham ,railway1 & f t "t all b a few ob/9ate folk recognis$ ! fact t ! horse z a necess>y adjunct to cross-c\ntry travell+ 0 doom$4 ,= "s "t1 inde$1 c]ta9 +5i\s g5tlem5 _h be5 c>ry+ out a numb] ( exp]im5ts ) self-propell$ c>riages4 ,fifte5 ye>s be=e1 sev]al inv5tors _h produc$ cumbr\s ma*9es :i*1 )\t requir+ rails1 7 able to progress along ! roads at spe$s :i* comp>$ fav\rably ) ^? atta9$ by ! ord9>y coa*es4 ,sir ,goldsmi? ,gurney--to m5tion1 p]haps1 ! mo/ prom95t ( ^! m5--_h pat5t$ a /eam-c>riage 9 #ahbg :i*1 9 spite ( attacks f an irate populace :o fe>$ ma*9]y z !y fe>$ ! devil1 0 q successful en\gh to lead ! ent]pris+ ,mr4 ,hann+ to ask =1 & obta91 p]mission to run simil> ma*9es on _m ( ! pr9cipal roads ( ,engl&4 ,inde$1 = a %ort :ile1 !re seems to h be5 a regul> s]vice ( ^! primitive automobiles4 ,_m p1 x is true1 f\ght %y ( ,gurney's boil]s1 :i* 9 spite ( ! fact t !y _h be5 8con/ruct$ ^u philosophical pr9ciples0 occasionally explod$4 ,x 0 aft] su* an explosion at ,glasg[ t ,tom ,hood seiz$ ! opportunity to write ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,in/ead ( j\rneys1 p n[ ,may g ^u a ,gurney1 ,) /eam to d ! horses' "w ,by p[] ( attorney3 8,?o' ) a load x may explode ,& y may all be undone2 ,& f9d y're go+ up to ,heav5 ,in/ead ( up to ,london40 ,simil>ly1 _m p decl>$ _! int5tion ( nev] patronis+ ! railroads4 ,/eam1 h[ev]1 _h come to /ay1 & ! days ( coa*+ 7 already numb]$4 ,! net result ( ! new /ate ( ?+s1 s f> z private c>riages 7 conc]n$1 seems to h be5 t ! coa*build]s set !mselves to p]fect ! urban vehicles1 :i* became light]1 sob]]1 & m v>i\s4 ,new & less conv5tional 8models0 7 con/antly be+ exhibit$1 :ile = ^? :o c\ld n af=d m ?an a s+le c>riage adaptable bodies 7 devis$4 ,s y might ord] a vehicle :i* ) small tr\ble c\ld be entirely *ang$ 9 appe>ance4 ,! old] dignity1 moreov]1 0 giv+ place to a new sm>tness4 8,c>riage p0 /ill =m$ a class1 b families :i* be=e _h be5 satisfi$ to use su* public conveyances z !re _h be51 n[ drove =? 9 "o or o!r ( ! *eap] private c>riages :i* 7 be+ con/ruct$ p>ticul>ly = _! conv5i5ce4 ,! dog-c>t1 = in/ance1 _h become common & 0 und]go+ v>i\s metamorphoses1 & ! br\gham 0 rapidly becom+ ! mo/ popul> ( all t[n vehicles4 ,9 c\ntry lanes1 too1 appe>$ ! waggonette & its k9d4 ,no?+1 inde$1 0 q s light z ! ,am]ican buggy ) its %all[ di% ( a body & its extraord9>ily ?9 :eels1 b !re 0 no long] t heav9ess ( l9e :i* gives to ! old] c>riages :at is to mod]n eyes su* an uncom=table appe>ance4 ,s 9 #ahfj a ,london coa*build] c\ld write to ! ,am]ican au?or ( ,! ,_w on ,:eels3-- 8,t5 ye>s h complet$ a total revolution 9 ! c>riage trade 9 ,engl&4 ,n only h ! ,c\rt & ! nobility adopt$ economical habits1 & insi/$ on *eap c>riages1 b !y c>ry no luggage1 z 0 =m]ly ! case :5 c>riages _h to su/a9 great weight1 bo? ( pass5g]s & luggage4 ,! cumbr\s ,c\rt c>riages ( =m] times are be+ gradually aboli%$1 & in/ead ( ! ri* l9+s1 laces1 fr+es1 & elaborate h]aldry usual to ! c>riages ( ! nobility1 light vehicles1 furni%$ only ) a cre/1 are us$4 ,! *anges 9 con/ruction1 & consequ5t depreciation ( /ock1 7 a heavy bl[ to ! ma/] coa*build]s2 _m ( ! l>ge h\ses mu/ h lo/1 9 ?is mann]1 f t5 to tw5ty ?\s& p\nds4 ,! trade1 hav+ recov]$ f ?is bl[1 is 9 a m heal?y /ate4 ,! fav\rite c>riages 9 ,engl& at ?is "t 7 waggonettes1 sociables1 ,/anhope & mail phaetons1 basket phaetons & l&aus40 ,i may speak fir/ ( ! /ate or 8dress0 c>riages4 8,^! vehicles10 says ,?rupp1 8_h long pass$ ! p]iod 9 :i* beautiful c>v+ & elegant pa9t+ _h be5 us$ to disguise1 z f> z possible1 ! clumsy /ate c>riages ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,ev] s9ce ! build+ ( ! ,iri% ,"l ,*ancellor's /ate coa* by ,hat*ett or ,baxt] 9 #agij1 coa*build]s _h endeav\r$ to produce a graceful outl9e ( body1 ( a fair size no l>g] ?an 0 necess>y2 ! ,c-spr+s _h be5 made ( a p]fect curve1 ! p]* foll[$ ! sweeps ( ! body1 ! c>v+ 0 r$uc$ to a mod]ate am\nt1 ! ornam5tal pa9t+ 0 conf9$ to ! /ripes ^u ! :eels1 & ! h]aldic be>+s ( ! own]s ( ! c>riages 7 beautifully emblazon$ on ! panels4 ,= fur!r ornam5t !y reli$ on plat$ "w 9 brass or silv] r\nd ! body & on loops & :eel hoops4 ,9 e capital ( ,europe su* c>riages _h sup]s$$ ! old /yle1 & ,london & ,p>is _h suppli$ o!r c\ntries ) mo/ ( ^! /ate c>riages40 ,at ! ,que5's ,coronation 9 #ahch1 ,london]s _h a good opportunity ( see+ ^! dress c>riages1 a numb] ( :i* e>ly 9 ! day 7 l9$ up 9 ,birdcage ,walk4 ,mo/ ( ^! belong$ to ! v>i\s ambassadors4 ,! "o :i* excit$ ! wide/ admiration belong$ to ,m>%al ,s\lt--a ,fr5*-built c>riage1 orig9ally built = "o ( ! ,royal family4 ,?rupp describes x4 8,! body _h f\r upp] qu>t] glasses1 ) a v elegant deep & pi]c$ cornice ( silv] r\nd ! ro(2 !re 7 f\r lamps ) l>ge coronets on ! tops1 & ! coa* bore a coronet on ! ro( also4 ,! col\r+ ( ! pa9t+ 0 a lovely blue1 su* z 0 !n call$ ,adelaide blue2#ee ?is _h be5 v>ni%$ ) :ite _s v>ni%1 & seem$ almo/ transp>5t 9 lu/re4 ,! :ole coa* 0 ornam5t$ ) silv] & 0 f9i%$ 9 great ta/e40 ,o!r p>ticul>s ( ^! c>riages are to be f\nd 9 ! contempor>y newspap] reports4 ,we are told ( ! enorm\s prices paid4 ,c\nt ,/rogon(f pur*as$ = #afjj ! c>riage :i* _h orig9ally be5 built at a co/ ( #cjjj by ! ,duke ( ,devon%ire = 8 /ate visit to ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,ano!r ambassador1 f9d+ t x 0 too late to buy a c>riage1 hir$ "o f "o ( ! ,%]iffs at a co/ ( #bej = ! occasion1 :i* /rikes "o z an excessive price ev5 = ,coronation ,day4 ,illu/ration3 ,edw>d ,,vii's ,coronation ,l&au 7,f ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey's 8,mod]n ,c>riages07 ,mod]n /ate c>riages reta9 all _! =m] magnific5ce ) little if any ( ! old cumb]some & unnecess>y ornam5t4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ examples ( ?is k9d ( c>riage is ! /ate l&au built = ,k+ ,edw>d & us$ by him 9 ! ,coronation procession4 8,?is magnific5t example ( ! coa*build]'s art10 says ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 8is ov] eighte5 feet long4 ,! body is hung ^u ,c-spr+s by /rong braces cov]$ ) ornam5tally /it*$ morocco2 ea* brace is jo9$ ) a massive gilt buckle ) oak leaf & cr[n device4 ,betwe5 ! h9d spr+s is a rumble = two footm52 !re is no driv+ seat1 z ! c>riage is int5d$ to be drawn only by horses ridd5 po/ilion4 ,! panels are pa9t$ 9 purple lake consid]ably bright] ?an is usual 9 ord] to secure great] effect2 m>k+ ! cont\rs ( ! body & ! outl9es ( ! rumble are m\ld+s 9 wood c>v$ & gilt1 ! design be+ "o ( ov]lapp+ oak leaves4 8,! door panels1 back & front panels1 be> ! ,royal ,arms ) cr[n1 support]s1 mantle1 motto1 helmet1 & g>t]4 ,on ! l[] qu>t] panel is ! coll> ( ! ,ord] ( ! ,g>t]1 encircl+ its /> & surm\nt$ by ! ,tudor cr[n4 ,spr++ 9 a sl[1 graceful curve f ! und]p>t ( ! body ov] ! =ec>riage is a #8spla%]' ( crimson pat5t lea!r4 ,ornam5tal brass lamps are c>ri$ 9 brackets at ea* ( ! f\r corn]s ( ! body4 8,z reg>ds ! int]ior ( ?is beautiful c>riage1 x is uphol/]$ 9 crimson sat9 & laces :i* 7 wov5 9 ,spitalfields2 ! hood is l9$ ) silk1 z bett] adapt$ ?an sat9 = fold+4 ,! rumble is cov]$ ) crimson lea!r4 ,x is to be obs]v$ t ) ! exception ( ! p9e & mahogany us$ = ! panels1 ,engli%-gr[n wood & ,engli%-made mat]ials only h be5 us$ ?r\gh\t4 8,:ile less ornate ?an ! wond]ful #8gold coa*' design$ by ,sir ,william ,*amb]s & ,cipriani 9 #agfa1 ! new /ate l&au1 9 its build1 proportions1 & adornm5t1 is probably ! mo/ graceful & regal vehicle ev] built40 ,illu/ration3 ,dress ,coa* ,illu/ration3 ,george ,v's ,/ate ,c>riage 7,f a ,photograph7 ,o!r ,engli% /ate c>riages h>dly less successfully design$ h be5 made = ! ,"l ,mayor ( ,london 7#ahhg71 = ,sir ,m>cus ,samuel1 :5 hold+ t position 9 #aijb-c1 = ! ,%]iffs1 & = v>i\s ,indian ,pr9ces4 ,com+ to less pret5ti\s vehicles1 we may briefly consid] 9 ! fir/ place ! coa* prop]4 ,at ! "t ( ,que5 ,victoria's ,coronation1 coa*es ( ! old patt]n 71 ( c\rse1 /ill be+ con/ruct$4 ,!re is 9 possession ( ,messrs4 ,holl& & ,holl& a mail-coa* built by ,waude1 "o ( ! be/-kn[n coa*build]s ( t "t1 :i* is typical ( ! p]iod4 ,?is1 says ,mr4 ,*>les ,h>p]1 8is sub/antially & 9 g5]al l9es z built 9 #ahcj4 ,! :eels h be5 r5ew$1 ! h9d boot has a door at ! back1 & ! int]ior has be5 rel9$2 b o!rwise x is ! coa* t ran :5 ,william ,,iv 0 ,k+4 ,x is a *>act]i/ic ,waude coa*1 l[-hung1 & built ) /raight sides1 in/ead ( ! b[$-out type common to ! productions ( ,vidl]'s factory4 ,x we>s1 9 consequ5ce1 a m elegant appe>ance ?an mo/ coa*es ( t "t2 b x mu/ be confess$ t :at x ga9$ 9 ! eyes ( ! pass]s-by x mu/ h lo/ 9 ! e/imation ( ! insides1 = ! int]ior is n a little cramp$ by ^? /raight sides4 ,! gu>d's seat on ! #8dickey'--or :at 9 e>li] times 0 m g5]ally kn[n z ! #8backgammon-bo>d'--rema9s1 b 8 %eepsk9 or tig]-sk9 cov]+1 to protect 8 legs f ! cold1 is gone4 ,! trap-door into ! h9d boot c be se54 ,?r\gh ?is ! mails 7 ?ru/ & ! gu>d sat ?r\gh\t ! j\rney ) 8 feet on x4 ,imm$iately 9 front ( him 7 ! sp>e b>s1 :ile above1 9 ! /ill rema9+ case1 repos$ ! indisp5sable blund]buss4 ,! orig9al lamps 9 _! rev]sible cases rema94 ,!re 7 f\r ( !m--"o on ei!r =equ>t]1 & "o on ei!r side ( ! =e boot1 :ile a small] "o hung f b5ea? ! footbo>d1 j above ! :eel]s4 ,! gu>d _h a small h& lamp ( 8 own to aid him 9 sort+ 8 small p>cels4 ,! door panels h app>5tly be5 repa9t$ s9ce ! old days1 = al?\gh !y /ill keep ! m>oon col\r *>act]i/ic ( ! mail-coa*es1 ! ,royal ,arms are gone1 & 9 _! /ead appe>s ! script monogram 9 gold1 ,v4,r40 ,x is ! coa* :i* ( all vehicles has lea/ *ang$ its appe>ance 9 ! la/ hundr$ ye>s4 ,! drag ( to-day & ! old coa* j describ$ diff] f "o ano!r only 9 a few m9or details ( con/ruction4 ,! reason = ?is is n f> to seek4 8,! brief #8,gold5 ,age1'0 says ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 8( fa/ coa*+ saw ! vehicle1 ( :i* su* h>d & cont9u\s "w 0 requir$1 br\ght z ne> p]fection z human +5uity & craftsman%ip 0 capable ( br++ x4 ,no ef=t 0 sp>$ to make ! mail or road-coa* ! be/ possible conveyance ( its k9d1 & 9 reta9+ ! model ( a =m] age ! mod]n coa*build] confesses 8 inability to improve ^u ! h&iwork ( 8 prog5itors40 ,x is curi\s to note1 by ! way1 t = a %ort "t su* coa*es 7 h>dly made at all1 & ! ,report on ! c>riages %[n at ! ,london ,exhibition ( #ahfb speaks ( ! 8revival ( an almo/ obsolete c>riage1 ! f\r-9-h& coa*1 :i* _h tak5 place )9 a few ye>s40 ,?is 0 und\bt$ly due to ! f\nd+ 9 #ahef ( ! ,f\r-9-,h& ,driv+ ,club4 ,nor 0 ?is revival conf9$ to ,engl&4 ,9 ! (ficial ,reports ^u ,c>riages at ! ,p>is ,exhibition ( #ahgh1 ,mr4 ,g4 ,f4 ,budd draws att5tion to ! fact t 8! ,fr5* h closely adh]$ to ! ,engli% /yles 9 ! g5]al design & %ape ( ! bodies ( _! vehicles1 especially 9 br\ghams 444 l&aus 444 & drags4 ,9 ! latt] description ( c>riage1 :i* has become s popul> dur+ ! la/ few ye>s1 ?\gh x is peculi>ly an ,engli% c>riage1 ! /yle has be5 closely foll[$1 & ) su* consid]able success1 t ! ,fr5* build]s n[ appe> z our =midable rivals 9 ?is bran* ( ! manufacture40 8,a novelty10 he cont9ues1 89 ! design 444 consi/s 9 ! ro( be+ s con/ruct$ z to admit ( be+ op5$ 9 ! c5tre 444 a cov] is plac$ on ! top ( ! two portions ( ! head ?us op5$1 & s =ms1 to all appe>ance1 an ord9>y lun*eon-case ) ! ends op53 x ?us s]ves ! purpose ( a table :5 requir$ 444 & af=ds an increase ( v5tilation to ^? rid+ inside ! vehicle40 ,simil>ly 9 ,am]ica drags began to be built aft] ! e/abli%m5t ( a driv+ club4 ,^! are id5tical ) ! ,engli% models4 ,) reg>d to ! o!r f\r-:eel$ c>riages1 we h n[ arriv$ at a p]iod :5 x is almo/ impossible to speak at any l5g? ( ea* p>ticul> k9d4#ef ,= 9 ! fir/ place su* a classification z ,i h us$ to describe ! old] vehicles mu/ to a l>ge ext5t break d[n1 & 9 ! second place1 f ! "t :5 ! great exhibitions did s mu* to make ! manufactur]s ( all nations famili> ) ea* o!r's "w1 ne>ly e coa*build] ( /&+ has produc$ "o model1 if n m1 peculi> to itself4 ,s1 9 ! middle ( la/ c5tury1 y _h c>riages :i* approximat$ to ! b>\*e1 yet :i* _h be5 evolv$ indirectly f s diff]5t a vehicle z ! phaeton4 ,y saw c>riages1 obvi\sly dissimil> 9 appe>ance1 yet be>+1 to ! layman1 ! same "n4 ,y _h new comb9ations ( p]*es & spr+s4 ,& c>riages 7 be+ export$ f "o c\ntry to be improv$ ^u ! l9es mo/ suitable to ! roads & ta/es ( ano!r4 ,( all ^! c>riages p]haps ! two :i* des]ve mo/ m5tion are ! l&au & ! victoria1 bo? op5 c>riages1 :i* c be clos$ at w4 ,! l&au1 z ,i h said1 _h orig9ally be5 a coa* made to op54 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury x _h h>dly be5 s popul> z ! l&aulet1 b at ?is "t x und]w5t sev]al improvem5ts at ! h&s ( ,mr4 ,luke ,hopk9son1 a celebrat$ coa*build] ( ,holborn4 ,x 0 ,hopk9son :o fir/ built :at 0 kn[n z a briska-l&au1 b he *iefly conc]n$ himself n s mu* ) ! %ape ( ! c>riage-body z ) ! hood4 ,he built 8 new l&aus 9 su* a way z to all[ ! hood to be fold$1 s t x lay horizontally at ! back ( ! seat4 ,at ! same "t ! floor & ! seats 7 rais$ s z to make ! :ole c>riage a f> m spaci\s & com=table vehicle ?an _h be5 possible :5 ! hood c\ld n be completely op5$4#eg ,& ) ! hood entirely 8d[n0 y _h practically ! l&au ( to-day1 possibly ! commone/ c>riage on ! road4 ,ne>ly e 8fly0 :i* s (t5 is to be se5 /&+ r =lornly outside ! village /ation z y\r tra9 ?und]s pa/ is a l&au modell$ on ,hopk9son's designs4 ,he 0 n1 h[ev]1 ! only coa*build] ^: att5tion 0 be+ giv5 to ?is useful c>riage4 ,( "o ( ! new l&aus built by o!r firms a trade j\rnal ( ! day obs]v$ ) "s tru? t 8its graceful outl9e & room9ess0 made x 8! v beau-ideal ( vehicul> luxury40 ,& z ! ye>s pass$ ! l&au 9 its sev]al v>ieties increas$ 9 popul>ity4 ,improvem5ts t5d$ almo/ solely 9 ! direction ( lightness4 ,! ,report on ! c>riages at ! exhibition ( #ahfb pays p>ticul> att5tion to ! l&au4 8,! dem& = !m10 x runs1 8has 444 increas$4 ,!y are well suit$ to ! v>iable climate ( ! ,briti% ,isles1 z !y c readily be *ang$ f an op5 to a clos$ c>riage & vice v]sa40 ,at a lat] exhibition--9 #ahhe--! l&au#eh _h become s popul> t !re 0 actually %[n "o1 built = ! ,e>l ( ,sefton1 suit$ to ! capabilities ( a s+le horse4 ,?is 0 an important dep>ture f tradition :i* seems to h %ock$ "s ( ! old-fa%ion$ design]s4 8,t an e/abli%$ h\se ) an ari/ocratic connection10 lam5t$ "o trade pap] at ! "t1 8%\ld exhibit a l&au = "o horse w\ld h be5 consid]$ incr$ible tw5ty ye>s ago40 ,no d\bt ?is 0 true1 b p p]si/$ 9 _! desire = light c>riages1 & a "o-horse l&au 0 ! natural outcome4 ,at a lat] date !re 0 a t5d5cy to alt] ! %ape ( ! body4 ,hi!rto ?is _h g5]ally be5 angul>2 n[ ! l9es became curv+1 ! body1 look$ at f ! side1 =m+ ! arc ( a huge circle4 ,su* a c>riage 0 kn[n z ! canoe l&au4 ,to-day ! canoe bodies1 bo? 9 ,engl& & abroad1 are made r deep] ?an at ! "t ( _! introduction1 b ! squ>e %ape /ill p]si/s4 ,if !re is "o ,engli% vehicle :i* may be call$ ! fav\rite c>riage x is surely ! l&au4 ,illu/ration3 ,pr9cess ,victoria 9 h] ,pony ,phaeton 7,f a ,draw+ by ,l[es ,dick9son1 #ahce7 ,! e>li] hi/ory ( ! victoria1 ! l&au's *ief rival1 is r obscure4 ,z ,i h m5tion$1 ! once popul> cab-phaeton 0 /ill to be se5 9 ! '=ties 9 _m cont95tal cities z ! milord1 :i* f a mo/ ari/ocratic vehicle _h desc5d$ into ! realms ( hackdom4 ,an ,engli% coa*build]1 h[ev]1 ,mr4 ,j4 ,c4 ,coop]1 saw possibilities 9 su* a vehicle & prep>$ a s]ies ( designs4 ,8 draw+s 7 scornfully treat$ 9 ,engl&1 b 8f\nd fav\r 9 ! eyes ( 8 cont95tal cli5ts10 :o ab\t #ahde con/ruct$ f !m a f\r-:eel$ cabriolet ) seats = two4 ,?is small op5 c>riage 0 copi$ 9 m ?an "o place1 p>ticul>ly1 x w\ld seem1 9 ,p>is & ,vi5na4 ,:e!r ^! copies 7 /ill call$ milords ,i am n sure1 b 9 #ahef !y seem to h be5 describ$ z victorias4 ,9 ! meantime ! pony phaeton _h become popul> 9 ,engl&1 & 9 #ahea a new model design$ = ,h] ,maje/y 01 accord+ to ,/ratton1 also call$ a victoria4 8,9 ! summ] ( #ahea10 he writes1 8a unique little pony phaeton 0 built by ,mr4 ,&rews1 ( ,s\?ampton1 = ! ,que54 ,! orig9al ann\ncem5t /at$ t :5 ! c>riage 0 deliv]$ 9 front ( ! palace 9 ! ,isle ( ,wight1 #8! ,que5 & ,pr9ce express$ to ,mr4 ,&rews _! entire satisfaction ) ! /yle1 elegance1 & extraord9>y lightness & con/ruction ( ! c>riage1' :i* sc>cely weigh$ ?ree hundr$weight4 ,! height ( ! =e :eels is only eighte5 in*es1 & ( ! h9d ones ?irty in*es4 ,! phaeton is cane-bodi$1 ( ,george ,,iv /yle1 ) movable head2 ! =e "p is iron1 b v light & elegant & beautifully pa9t$4 ,?is c>riage is kn[n z ! victoria1 & has s9ce be5 mu* improv$ 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica40 ,mr4 ,/ratton is probably "r2 b x 0 ! ,fr5*-built c>riage :i* ! !n ,pr9ce ( ,wales br\ght to ,engl& 9 #ahfi to :i* ! "n may be m correctly ascrib$4 ,x is to be notic$1 h[ev]1 t ! pony phaeton & ! victoria prop] diff] f "o ano!r only 9 size & 9 ! pres5ce or abs5ce ( a driv]'s seat4 ,! ,pr9ce ( ,wales's c>riage 0 curv$ 9 %ape & hood$1 b ab\t ! same "t ,b>on ,ro?s*ild import$ a victoria f ,vi5na ( ! squ>e %ape4 ,bo? =ms p]si/4 ,at fir/1 ( c\rse1 ! victoria 0 look$ on ) suspicion1 b ! ,pr9cess ( ,wales spe$ily %[$ h] lik+ = x--x did inde$ make an ideal lady's c>riage--& 9 a %ort :ile ! _w foll[$ suit4 8,light1 l[1 easy1 fit = "o horse1 & look+ v well beh9d a pair ( cobs10 rem>ks ,?rupp1 8x is n surpris+ t ! victoria meets ) s mu* patronage40 ,at fir/ x w\ld seem t ! hood 0 n made to lie flat1 a fact among/ o!rs :i* prompt$ a cau/ic critic 9 #ahgg to grumble at ! cons]vatism ( ,engli% manufactur]s4 8,ev5 ) s good a model ( ?is c>riage z t pres5t$ to !m 9 ! victoria10 he wrote1 8! ,engli% build]s d n see fit to ma9ta9 ! same l9es1 & = "s inscrutable reason deem t ! hood :5 d[n %\ld re/ at an angle2 :]eas ! #8ca*et' ( ! ,p>isian equipages lies 9 ! absolute /raight l9e x ma9ta9s ) ! horizon40 ,only a few ye>s lat]1 h[ev]1 ano!r critic 0 draw+ att5tion to ! sup]iority ( ! ,engli% victoria ov] its ,fr5* c\nt]p>t4 8,_! rattle10 he wrote ( ! latt]1 8is en\gh to di/+ui% !m4 ,! ,fr5* victoria is a l[-m\nt$ & decid$ly unsymmetrical ma*9e4 ,! pole is a foot long] ?an x %\ld be1 ! spl9t] b> & =e c>riage too l[0--a criticism :i* holds good to-day ) mo/ ( ! ,italian c>riages ( ?is type4 ,v>ieties ( ! victoria 7 con/ruct$ almo/ z soon z ! c>riage _h rea*$ to any degree ( popul>ity4 ,a h+e-seat 0 fitt$ into ! front boot to face ! ord9>y seat1 & ?is n prov+ en\gh1 a p]man5t seat = two 0 built 9 its place1 ?is innovation giv+ rise to ! d\ble victoria1 :i* 0 built ) or )\t doors4 ,i ne$ n1 p]haps1 dwell fur!r on ! victoria1 except to obs]ve t su* *anges z took place 9 ! l&au also took place 9 its m delicate rival4 ,illu/ration3 ,canoe-%ap$ ,l&au1 #ahfj ,illu/ration3 ,drag1 #ahfj ,ano!r op5 c>riage :i* rema9$ popul> until ! introduction ( automobiles is ! phaeton4 ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey m5tions sev]al v>ieties4 ,( ^! ! l>ge/ seems to h be5 ! mail phaeton4 8,x 0 a fav\rite c>riage10 he writes1 8sev5ty ye>s ago or m1 & 0 frequ5tly us$ by g5tlem5 = long po/+ j\rneys 9 ,engl& & on ! ,cont95t4 ,9 ^! days ?is c>riage 0 always built ) a p]*1 ! und]c>riage resembl+ t ( a coa*1 :5ce its "n4 ,= a "t elliptical spr+s 7 adopt$1 b dur+ ! la/ t5 ye>s ! fa%ionable mail phaeton has be5 a solid-look+ squ>e-bodi$ vehicle on its old und]c>riage40 ,9 #ahhi1 he also obs]ves t a jo9t$ p]* 0 us$1 ! object be+ 8to prev5t ! vehicle be+ twi/$ on bad roads1 & also to pres]ve its equilibrium "u try+ conditions ( roads40 ,! demi mail phaeton1 to :i* ,sir ,walt] gives ! cr$it ( hav+ ou/$ ! ugly p]* high phaeton f public fav\r1 8d]ives its names f ! peculi> arrangem5t ( ! spr+s 9 ! con/ruction ( ! und]c>riage40 ,ano!r v>iety1 ! ,beau=t phaeton1 is l>ge en\gh to c>ry six p1 & 01 9 ! fir/ place1 expressly design$ to c>ry p to ! meet4 ,yet ano!r modification1 ! ,/anhope phaeton1 inv5t$ by ! pe] ( t "n1 is small] ?an ! la/-m5tion$1 & has a*iev$ a _w-wide popul>ity4 8,! head & apron r5d] x suitable = w9t] "w1 & :5 ! hood is ?r[n back ! /anhope is an admirable vehicle = summ] use :e!r 9 t[n or c\ntry40 ,! ,t-c>t is a small] /anhope 8) compass$ rail & /ick$ body 9 front & a seat = ! groom beh9d40 ,sir ,walt] records ! fact t its greate/ popul>ity 0 ab\t #ahhh1 aft] :i* x 0 supplant$ by ! spid] phaeton--a 8tilbury body on f\r :eels ) a small seat = ! groom support$ on bran*$ irons beh9d40 ,x w\ld be possible to m5tion half a doz5 o!r v>ieties ( ! phaeton1#ei b su* a li/ is be/ relegat$ to a coa*build]'s catalogue4 ,!re is only "o innovation :i* %\ld n be all[$ to pass unnotic$ "h4 ,_m ( ! phaeton bodies dur+ ! 'sixties 7 con/ruct$ ( basket-"w2 inde$1 ,croydon1 :]e liv$ ! inv5tor1 receiv$ all ! b5efits :i* a new indu/ry br+s 9 its trail1 b ! popul>ity ( ^! basket-c>riages wan$ z rapidly z x _h wax$--due1 accord+ to "o writ]1 to ! ridicule heap$ ^u !m by ,pun*4 ,a revival 0 attempt$ 9 #ahhf1 & 8we h a rem9isc5ce ( x 9 ! imitation cane-"w pa9t$ on ! panels ( _m c>riages0 at a /ill lat] date4#fj ,we come to ! clos$ c>riages4 ,! br\gham 0 und]go+ ab\t z _m *anges & improvem5ts z fell to ! lot ( any o!r c>riage1 yet sup]ficially x ma9ta9$ mu* ! same appe>ance4 ,! c\p br\gham s popul> to-day is ! relic ( ! old *>iot4#fa ,( its sev]al v>ieties ! be/-kn[n is1 or r 0--= x is r>ely1 if ev]1 se5 n[--! cl>5ce4 8,x 0 introduc$10 says ,sir ,walt]1 8ab\t ! ye> #ahdb by ,messrs4 ,laurie & ,m>n]1 ( ,ox=d ,/reet1 & has fairly be5 describ$ z 8midway betwe5 a br\gham & a coa*40 ,x _h v curv$ & r fanciful l9es1 seat$ f\r p]sons inside1 & 0 ent]$ by "o /ep f ! gr\nd1 c>ri$ ! coa*man & footman on a l[ driv+ seat1 & 0 us$ ) a light] pair ( horses ?an ! family coa*40 ,c]ta9 models1 h[ev]1 %[ ! driv]'s seat to h be5 high1 on a level1 t is to say1 ) ! ro(2 & n long aft] ! fir/ cl>5ce 0 design$1 ,lytton ,bulw] caus$ to be built :at 0 call$ a ,surrey cl>5ce1 :i* possess$ a hamm]clo?4 ,! attempt1 h[ev]1 to produce a m9iature *>iot did n succe$4 ,ano!r v>iety1 nam$ uncom=tably ! dioropha1 0 %[n at ! ,great ,exhibition ( #ahea4fb ,"h ! side w9d[s w\ld slide up & d[n ^u a new pr9ciple1 & 8! :ole upp] "p ( ! body f ! elb[-l9e c\ld be lift$ f ! l[]1 leav+ a b>\*e body40 ,y 7 %[n models ( ?is upp] portion hang+ r =lornly f ! ro( ( a coa*-h\se4 ,b improvem5ts 9 ! l&au caus$ ! ext9ction ( ! dioropha1 :i* does n seem to h be5 built aft] #ahge4 ,! amempton1 inv5t$ by a ,mr4 ,ke/]ton1 0 a small] =m ( ?is c>riage4 ,! "o-horse 8gr[l]0 or 8f\r-:eel]10 by ! way1 :i* /ill w&]s up & d[n ! /reets ( ,london1 is ! l9eal desc5dant ( ! cl>5ce4 ,( ! m unconv5tional f\r-:eel$ c>riages1 ! waggonette seems to h be5 introduc$ ab\t #ahde by ! ,pr9ce ,consort aft] a ,g]man model1 ?\gh "o writ] gives ! cr$it ( ! design to ! ,pr9ce himself4 ,"h1 z e "o kn[s1 ! seats fac$ ea* o!r at "r-angles to ! driv]'s seat1 ! door be+ at ! back4 ,at fir/ !y 7 built v l>ge--to c>ry out ! orig9al int5tion ( provid+ a family c>riage :i* %\ld really be wor?y ( ! "n4 ,aft]w>ds small] models 7 produc$1 & prov$ equally popul>4 8,! pr9ciple ( rid+ sideways10 rem>ks ,?rupp1 80 n new4 ,! ,iri% c>1 ! f\r-:eel$ ,inside c> ( ! ,we/morl& di/rict1 ! old ,break1 & ! ,omnibus all contribut$ to ! design ( ! mod]n vehicle40 ,a few p>ticul> v>ieties may be m5tion$4 ,! n[ =gott5 p]i?ron1 a ,suffolk inv5tion1 0 a waggonette 9 :i* ! driv+ seat 0 bisect$ d[n its c5tre1 s z to all[ a pass5g] ent]+ f ! back to rea* ! front seat4 ,! ,portl& waggonette1 built = ! ,duke ( ,portl& 9 #ahic1 0 a l>ge c>riage ) a fold+ hood4 ,ano!r c>riage ( ! k9d ) a fold+ lea!r hood 0 pres5t$ by ,"l ,lonsdale to ! ,k+ & ,que5 at ! "t ( _! w$d+4 ,?is is kn[n z a ,lonsdale waggonette4 8,"l ,lonsdale10 rem>ks ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 8all[$ 8 "n to be giv5 to ?is device "u ! impression t he 0 ! fir/ to orig9ate a head ( ?is description2 b 8 claim = inv5tion ( x 0 disput$ at ! "t4 ,mr4 ,rob]tson /at$ t he _h built su* a waggonette s f> back z #ahfd2 ,mr4 ,k9d] _h built "o 9 #ahfe2 & ,messrs4 ,morgan /at$ t !y _h turn$ out a simil> vehicle be=e ! ye> #ahgj40 ,a v l>ge waggonette1 ! brake1 is a common en\gh object to-day1 & is built 9 v>i\s =ms4 ,sometimes a second seat is plac$ directly beh9d & p>allel to ! driv]'s seat4 ,9 "s models ^! seats /ret* back ?r\gh\t ! l5g? ( ! c>riage1 9 :i* case x is a *>--banc4 ,awn+s1 p]man5t or tempor>y1 are g5]ally provid$4 ,9 ,am]ica ! commone/ f\r-:eel$ c>riage is ! light wagon or buggy1 a "n giv5 9 ,engl& to a light two-:eel$1 s+le-seat$ c>t 7also call$ a sulky#fc7 t[>ds ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! buggy has "o seat fix$ on to a long1 %all[ tray2 ! wagon is simil>1 b has two or m seats4 8,^! ,am]ican waggons10 says ,?rupp1 87 modell$ f ! old ,g]man waggon1 b !y h be5 s mu* improv$ z to be sc>cely recognis$4 ,! di/9ctive feature ( ! ,g]man waggon 0 a light1 %all[ tray1 susp5d$ above a slight p]* c>riage on two gras%opp] spr+s plac$ horizontally & p>allel ) & above ! front & h9d axle-tree2 on ! tray "o or two seats 7 plac$1 ! :ole 0 light & inexp5sive1 & well adapt$ to a new1 r\gh c\ntry )\t good roads4 ,^! waggons may /ill be f\nd 9 ,g]many & ,switz]l&4444 8,am]ican +5uity 0 lavi%$ ^u ^! waggons1 & !y h arriv$ at a m>vel ( p]fection 9 lightness4 ,! two gras%opp] spr+s h be5 replac$ ) two elliptical spr+s4 ,! p]*1 axle-trees1 & c>riage timb]s h be5 r$uc$ to ?9 /icks4 ,! f\r :eels are made s sl5d] z to resemble a spid]'s web2 9 _! con/ruction ( ! :eels ! pr9ciple ( ! pat5t rim us$ 9 ,engl& 9 #agij has be5 adopt$4 ,in/ead ( five1 six1 or sev5 felloes to ea* :eel1 !re are only two1 ( oak or hickory wood1 b5t to ! %ape by /eam4 ,! ironwork ( ! ,am]ican buggy is v sl5d]1 yet compos$ ( _m pieces1 &1 9 ord] to r$uce ! co/1 ^! pieces ( iron are mo/ly ca/1 n =g$1 ( a sort ( iron less brittle ?an our ca/ iron4444 ,! weight ( ! :ole waggon is s small t "o man c lift x ^u its :eels aga9 if accid5tally upset1 & two p]sons ( ord9>y /r5g? c raise x easily f ! gr\nd4 ,! f\r :eels are ne>ly ( ! same height1 & ! body is susp5d$ c5trally betwe5 !m4 ,!re are no fut*els2 ! pole or %afts are atta*$ to ! front axle-tree b$1 & ! front ( ! pole is c>ri$ by ! horses j z !y c>ry ! %afts2 ! spl9t]-b> & :ipple-trees are atta*$ to ! pole on swivels4 ,"s are made )\t hoods & "s ) hoods4 ,^! are made s t ! lea!r ( ! sides c be tak5 (f & roll$ up1 & ! back lea!r remov$1 roll$1 or fix$ at ! bottom1 a few in*es away f ! back1 ! ro( rema9+ z a sun%ade4444 8,! p]fection to :i* ! ,am]ican buggy or waggon has be5 c>ri$1 & e "p likely to give way c>efully /r5g!n$1 is m>vell\s4 ,^? made by ! be/ build]s w la/ a long "t )\t repair4 ,! :ole is s sl5d] & ela/ic t x #8gives'--to use a trade t]m--& recov]s itself at any ob/acle4 ,! defect 9 ,engli% eyes ( ^! c>riages consi/s 9 ! difficulty ( gett+ 9 or out by reason ( ! height ( ! front :eel1 & its proximity to ! h9d :eel--x is (t5 necess>y p>tly to lock r\nd ! :eel to all[ ( easy entrance4 ,!re is also a tremul\s motion on a h>d road :i* is n always agreeable4 ,x is n surpris+ t1 ) ! great advantages ( extreme lightness1 ease1 & durability1 & ) l(ty :eels1 ! ,am]ican waggons travel ) facility ov] v r\gh roads1 & !re is a great dem& = !m 9 our colonies4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t ! price is small1 less ?an ! price ( our gigs & f\r-:eel$ dog-c>ts40 ,illu/ration3 ,mod]n ,am]ican ,/ation ,wagon ,illu/ration3 ,mod]n ,am]ican ,buggy ,bo? f ,/udebak]'s 7,*icago7 ,catalogue ,inde$1 ! t\ri/ 9 ,am]ica w come away ) ! impression t !re is h>dly a family 9 ! cont95t :i* does n possess at lea/ "o buggy or waggon4 ,!y c be driv51 too1 at a v great pace4 ,9 ?is connection x is int]e/+ to notice t x 0 a buggy :i* ,"l ,lonsdale select$ 9 ord] to c>ry out 8 great driv+ feat 9 #ahia1 :5 8he und]took to drive f\r /ages ( five miles )9 an h\r1 us+ = ! fir/ ?ree /ages "o1 a pair1 a team1 & rid+ po/ilion 9 ! f\r?40 ,!re are1 ( c\rse1 _m v>ieties1 sev]al inv5t$ aft] ,?rupp wrote ! above acc\nt4 ,( ^! "s are peculi> to a p>ticul> ,/ate1 :ile o!rs seem to be 9 g5]al use ?r\gh\t ! cont95t4 ,9 ,*icago1 = in/ance1 & o!r t[ns ( ! middle we/1 ! commone/ buggy seems to be ! bike wagon1 ( :i* a v>iety is ! cut-"u bike wagon1 :]e ! tray is d\ble--! seat =m+ a bridge betwe5 its two p>ts4 ,/anhopes & phaetons are also manufactur$ 9 ,am]ica1 ?\gh on a mu* light] scale ?an 9 ,engl&4 ,ano!r popul> ,am]ican c>riage is ! surrey1 :i* has ! two-seat$ arrangem5ts ( ! l>g] waggons1 b is )\t ! tray4 ,! /ation wagon1 v popul> 9 ,new ,engl&1 resembles ! old ,engli% *>iot1 & diff]s f x only 9 its driv+ seat1 :i* is on a level ) ! inside seat & directly aga9/ ! front l9es ( ! c>riage-body4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ com=table c>riages 9 ! c\ntry4 ,! buckbo>d1 ev5 sl5d]] ?an ! buggy1 is h>dly m ?an ! skeleton ( a c>riage1 b seems none ! less popul> on t acc\nt4 ,! b>ge is ! "n giv5 9 ,massa*usetts to a two-seat$ waggon1 & ! ^w has a curi\s orig94 ,x seems probable t x is a relic ( ! days :5 9 t "p ( ! c\ntry ! boat sleighs us$ 9 ! w9t] 7 put ^u :eels 9 ! summ]4 ,at a lat] date ord9>y waggons 7 us$ = summ] traffic1 b ! old "n /uck4 ,& ,i d>e say !re are a doz5 or m local names ( "s peculi>ity 9 o!r p>ts ( ,am]ica :i* to-day are giv5 to c>riages n 9 ! lea/ l ^? to :i* ! "n 0 orig9ally appli$4 ,com+ to ! two-:eel$ c>riages1 we f9d simil> *anges to ^? describ$ above %[+ !mselves4 ,! old curricle1 = in/ance1 is n[ b r>ely se51 its place be+ tak5 by "o or o!r ( ! dog-c>ts4 ,:at 0 probably ! mo/ fa%ionable ( ^! c>riages dur+ ! e>ly ,victorian era is n[ practically ext9ct4 ,?is 0 ! cabriolet1 r diff]5t 9 appe>ance f ! vehicles ( t "n :i* _h pli$ = hire b a few ye>s be=e1 yet built on ! same pr9ciples z ! e>lie/ ,fr5* gigs4 8,!y 7 greatly improv$10 wrote ,mr4 ,g4 ,n4 ,hoop] 9 #ahii1fd 8ab\t fifty ye>s ago by ! well-kn[n ,c\nt ,d',orsay & ! late ,mr4 ,*>les ,b4 ,c\rtney1 :o greatly ref9$ ! outl9es & proportions1 mak+ !m light]1 m compact1 & f> m /yli%4 ,!y became p> excell5ce ! equipage ( ! jeune noblesse1 & no m /yli% two-:eel c>riages = "o horse 7 driv5 = _m ye>s :ile !y 7 fa%ionable4 ,a l>ge1 well-br$ horse 0 a necessity1 & ?is ! cabriolet g5]ally _h4 8,! groom1 or #8tig]' z he 0 !n call$1 0 a special ,london product3 he 0 produc$ 9 no o!r city1 ,briti% or =eign2 all ! g5u9e tig]s hail$ f ,london4 ,8 age v>i$ f fifte5 to tw5ty-five4 ,few !re 7 t 7 n p]fect ma/]s ( _! horses1 7 !y nev] s big4 ,9 %ape & make he 0 a man 9 m9iature1 8 proportions p]fect1 8 figure erect & some:at defiant3 8 coat fitt$ z if x _h be5 m\ld$ on him2 8 :ite bucksk9 bree*es 7 spotless2 8 top-boots p]fection2 8 hat1 ) its n>r[ b9d+ ( gold or silv] lace1 & brims loop$ up ) gold or silv] cord1 brilliant ) bru%+1 0 worn jauntily4 ,z he /ood at 8 horse's head1 ready to receive 8 noble ma/]1 y might expect him to say1 #8,my ma/] is a duke1 & ,i am responsible = 8 safety4'0 ,!re is little en\gh to say ( ! gigs4 ,! curricle1 z ,i h said1 is n[ r>ely se51 ?\gh ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey m5tions a p>ticul> "o introduc$ ab\t #ahhc 8:i* diff]$ mat]ially f ! vehicle =m]ly kn[n by t "n4 ,x consi/$ ( a cabriolet1 or :isky body1 hav+ an #8ogee' or *air back1 ! body be+ susp5d$ by braces f ,c or ,s spr+s ^u ! und]c>riage4 ,its peculi>ity lay 9 ! use ( long lancewood %afts1 set s f> ap>t t ! pole c\ld be plac$ betwe5 !m2 ! saddle-b> be+ us$ to support ! pole1 ! %afts1 x w\ld seem1 7 some:at unnecess>y40 ,! ,cape c>t br\ght into ,engl& f ,s\? ,africa is a two-:eel$ vehicle ( ?is class ) a pole 9 place ( %afts1 & 8! sides be+ fram$ s z to pres5t ?ree panels40 8,at ! back10 says ,sir ,walt]1 80 built 9 a l>ge box = provisions1 ! full wid? & dep? ( ! c>t1 ! back seat =m+ ! lid2 ! tail-bo>d 0 us$ only z a foot-re/4 ,an adju/able c5tre seat ) backre/ c\ld be us$ s z to provide accommodation = six pass5g]s4 ,a :ite canvas tilt on wood5 hoops ) sunbl9ds at ! sides1 :i* c\ld be /rapp$ up :5 n want$1 cov]$ ! :ole body ( ! c>t40 ,& simil> to ! ,cape c>t is ! ,:ite*apel c>t1 :i* br+s me to a brief consid]ation ( ! dog-c>ts4 ,z orig9ally design$1 ! dog-c>t seems to h be5 built high1 &1 z its "n implies1 = ! purpose ( c>ry+ dogs4 ,su* a vehicle w\ld seat f\r1 a roomy1 com=table trap 8) space "u ! seats1 :]e a brace ( po9t]s or o!r dogs c\ld lie at ease40 ,z ,i h said 9 a prec$+ *apt]1 ! sides ( ! c>t 87 made ) ,v5etian slats to provide v5tilation40 ,su* a c>t1 h[ev]1 prov$ s agreeable t no long "t elaps$ be=e its orig9al purpose 0 lo/ sight (1 & x became "o ( ! commone/ ( c\ntry c>riages4 ,built on a small scale x 0 admirably suit$ = pony or cob4 ,num]\s v>ieties exi/4 ,9 ! t&em c>t1 z g5]ally con/ruct$1 ! driv]'s seat is high--! only c>t1 inde$1 ( ! k9d to ma9ta9 any height at all4 ,9 ! ,ralli c>t two seats are plac$ back to back1 ! foot-re/ to ! latt] clos+ on ! body :5 requir$4 7,built some:at on ! l9es ( ! ralli1 by ! way1 is ! ,indian tonga1 8a r l[1 hood$ vehicle 444 furni%$ = draught by a pair ( ponies on ! curricle pr9ciple ) pole & b>407 ,! ,battlesd51 ,b$=d1 & ,malv]n c>ts are o!r v>ieties4 ,m popul>1 p]haps1 ?an any ( ^! is ! gov]ness c>t1 :i*1 :ile really 9 a class by itself1 may be m5tion$ "h4 ,?is is a l[ & p>ticul>ly safe c>riage1 9 :i* ! seats are plac$ at ! sides1 z 9 ! waggonette1 & ! door is at ! back4 ,an improvem5t on ! gov]ness c>t1 ?\gh n ne>ly s popul>1 is ! ,pr9cess c>1 fir/ design$ 9 #ahic4 ,"h ! back door is disp5s$ )1 ! entrance be+ 9 front4 8,! driv+ seat is arrang$ on a slide1 :]eby x c be mov$ =w>ds or backw>ds to adju/ ! balance2 & x also enables ! driv] to sit fac+ ! horse in/ead ( sitt+ sideways z 9 ! gov]ness c>t40 ,9 ! la/ *apt] ,i po9t$ out ! *ief v>ieties ( public c>riages4 ,( ^! ! hansom & ! omnibus h und]gone consid]able *anges4 ,! hansom 0 enorm\sly improv$ by ,mr4 ,=de1 a ,wolv]hampton coa*build]1 9 #ahgc1 :5 ! ,society ( ,arts (f]$ a prize = ! be/ two-:eel$ public conveyance4 ,mr4 ,=de's c>riage 0 mu* light] ?an ! old] hansoms1 & 8its m]its attract$ ! appreciative att5tion ( =eign]s1 :]eby an export trade became e/abli%$40 ,f\r ye>s lat] ano!r vehicle1 ! two-:eel$ br\gham1 0 introduc$1 b did n meet ) success4 ,! ,floyd hansom ( #ahhe %[$ o!r improvem5ts1 & = ! fir/ "t ! hansom became a private c>riage4 ,"h ! 8side w9d[s 7 made to op51 z 7 two small w9d[s at ! back ( ! cab40 ,= a %ort :ile1 inde$1 ! private hansom 0 "o ( ! sm>te/ ( g5tlem5's c>riages4 ,!n 9 #ahhi 0 %[n ano!r hansom ) a movable hood4 ,?is 0 :olly unsuccessful1 b ! ,arl+ton cab1 a ,dor*e/] inv5tion ( ?is "t1 may /ill be se5 9 prov9cial t[ns to :i* ! taximet] petrol cab has n yet rea*$4 ,! *ief peculi>ity ab\t ?is hansom is its doors1 :i*1 in/ead ( rea*+ only half-way up & be+ con/ruct$ at a backw>d angle1 rea* f door to ro( & are upright--?us giv+ a m spaci\s int]ior4 ,^! doors are 8fitt$ ) slid+ glasses 9 ! top "p aft] ! mann] ( an ord9>y br\gham door40 ,a br\gham hansom 0 introduc$ 9 #ahhg4 8,?is af=d$ sitt+-room inside = ?ree or f\r2 x 0 ent]$ at ! back1 & :5 ! door 0 %ut1 a seat across x 0 s arrang$ t !re 0 no possibility ( ! door op5+ till ! occupants' weight 0 (f ! seat4 ,! driv]'s seat 0 9 front1 on ! ro( ( ! vehicle40 ,a f\r-:eel$ hansom 0 also se5 9 ,london "s tw5ty-five ye>s ago4 ,"h ! driv]'s seat 0 beh9d ! c>riage on a level ) ! ro(4 8,ev]ybody kn[s10 rem>ks ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 8t ! hansom1 by reason ( its /ead9ess1 is an exce$+ly com=table conveyance2 !re is no vehicle t runs m easily1 p>ticul>ly :5 ! load is truly balanc$40 ,b 9 spite ( su* improvem5ts z rubb] tyres & pat5t w9d[s1 ! hansom seems doom$4 ,%illibe]'s huge omnibuses 7 succe$$ by small] vehicles ( simil> con/ruction4 ,= "s ye>s no pass5g]s 7 c>ri$ ^u ! ro( except "o or two beside ! driv]4 ,!n 9 #ahdi an 8outside seat d[n ! c5tre ( ! ro( 0 add$10 to rea* :i* y _h to climb an iron ladd]4 ,?is cont9u$ until #ahij1 :5 ! mu* m conv5i5t 8g>d5-seats0 7 sub/itut$1 & a curv$ flight ( /eps took ! place ( ! r dang]\s ladd]4 ,private omnibuses 7 fir/ con/ruct$ ab\t #ahfg4 ,!y conta9$ a rumble at ! back = ! footman1 b ?is 0 spe$ily disp5s$ )4 ,z built to-day1 !y are ( v>i\s sizes4 ,"o o!r c>riage may be m5tion$1 & !n ,i am done4 ,?is is ! ,iri% c>4 ,"h1 z 9 ! l>g] bian1 ! seats are arrang$ back to back & sideways4 8,! :eels are v l[ & are conceal$ z f> z ! axle-boxes1 or f>!r1 by ! panel ( ! footbo>d1 :i* panel is h+$ to ! end ( ! tray1 ei!r side ( :i* =ms ! seat1 to all[ ( its be+ turn$ up :5 n 9 use40 ,occasionally !re is a well betwe5 ! seats = small packages4 ,9 private c>s ( ?is k9d !re is a small seat 9 front = ! driv]1 b ?is is r>ely to be f\nd 9 ! public vehicles4 ,! wid? ( ! ,iri% c> is enorm\s1 & occasionally leads ! neophyte into tr\ble4 ,outside ,irel&1 ,i believe1 ! c> is n se54 8,walk+ 9 ! pleasant environs ( ,p>is10 wrote ,mr4 ,h4 ,c4 ,m>illi] "s sev5te5 ye>s ago1 9 an article entitl$ ,! ,automobile3 ,a ,=eca/1 8or ev5 fur!r afield1 ^u ! broad r\tes nationales ( ,*>5te & ,la ,beauce1 x is no uncommon ?+ to meet on a summ]'s day a little op5 vehicle flitt+ along )\t app>5t means ( motion1 ^u noiseless rubb]-%od :eels1 or pant+ =? a g5tle w>n+ f a squ>e-%ap$ box 9 front4 ,two1 & sometimes ?ree1 p]sons are seat$ 9 x1 "o ( :om drives by means ( a h&le4 ,to /op or to />t aga9 requires ! turn ( a screw or ! pu% ( a p$al4 ,su*1 9 its mo/ accompli%$ & mo/ graceful =m1 is ! automobile4 ,to see x pass at rac+ spe$--"s ( ^! little ma*9es c spurt at tw5ty miles an h\r--takes "o's brea? away at fir/4 ,! app>ition is uncanny40 ,9 ano!r passage he speaks ( ^! horseless c>riages z play+ 8a prom95t "p z ! natural successors ( ! hansom cab & ! omnibus10 & draws :at mu/ !n h be5 a fanciful picture ( a city ^u ^: roads !re w\ld be se5 almo/ z _m horseless z horse-driv5 vehicles4 ,to-day we "k :at has happ5$ s9ce ^! words 7 writt54 ,! hansom is a r>ity1 except dur+ a /rike ( petrol-c> driv]s4 ,! omnibus is a spe$y ma*9e ) a p[]ful eng9e4 ,! gr[l] p]si/s1 b only = ! b5efit ( ^? ) mu* luggage or = ^? afraid ( ! int]nal combu/ion eng9e1 t extraord9>y discov]y :i* has revolutionis$ locomotion ev5 m ?an did /eam eighty ye>s ago4 ,) su* facts z ^! x w\ld be easy to prophesy a total ext9ction ( horse-driv5 vehicles except = purely ornam5tal purposes4 ,yet ,i believe t !re may be a reaction 9 fav\r ( a m leisurely means ( locomotion4 ,z yet x is impossible to be truly dignifi$ 9 ev5 ! mo/ gorge\sly appo9t$ motor-c>4 8,c>riage p0 no long] =m a class1 & ! old coa*-build+ firms :i* h n foll[$ ! times & %[n "o or o!r make ( automobile 9 _! rooms are few 9 numb]4 ,mr4 ,m>illi]1 moreov]1 9 ! article j quot$1 speaks ( 8t ideal future :5 life %all consi/ ( sitt+ 9 a *air & press+ buttons02 b ! horse is n yet ext9ct1 & al?\gh x is n probable t any horse-c>riages ( an entirely new type w be con/ruct$1 ,i imag9e t ! old] =ms w p]si/1 at any rate1 = ! next c5tury or two4 ,inde$1 to my m9d1 !re mu/ always be ! man :o w pref] ! re9s to ! driv+ :eel4 ,& :o c blame him = ! *oice8 ,,footnotes #a 8,9 ,europe1 sl$ge is ! "n appli$ to a l[ k9d ( c>t1 b 9 ,am]ica ! ^w has be5 abbreviat$ to sl$ or *ang$ to sleigh1 :i* 9 ei!r case involves ! idea t a slid+ vehicle is meant4 ,9 ! rural di/ricts1 ! f>m] employs a ma*9e we call a /one-sl$ge4 ,?is is commonly made f a plank1 ! flat "u surface ( :i* is =c$ along ! surface ( ! gr\nd by ox-p[]40 ,! ,_w on ,:eels4 ,ezra ,n4 ,/ratton4 ,new ,york1 #ahhh4 #b ,engli% ,pleasure ,c>riages4 ,by ,william ,bridges ,adams4 ,london1 #ahcg4 #c 8,!y also possess$ baggage-c>ts %ap$ l ! *>iots4 ,"o ( ^! appe>s to h _h a v high1 six-spok$ :eel & a curv$ ro( box4 ,9 front ( ! box is a l[ seat1 f und]nea? :i* projects a crook$ drag-pole40 ,/ratton4 #d ,a ,hi/ory ( ,egypt4 ,j4 ,h4 ,brea/$4 ,new ,york4 #aiji4 #e ,diction>y ( ! ,bible4 #aijf4 ,edit$ by ,j4 ,ha/+s4 ,art4 ,*>iot4 #f 8,we acc\nt = ?is diff]5ce by suppos+ t 9 battle1 :5 success dep5d$ 9 a great measure ^u ! /ability ( ! *>iot1 special c>e 0 tak5 to provide a /rong :eel1 :ile a weak] "o 0 consid]$ good en\gh = a m peaceful employm5t1 a f\r-spok$ :eel 9 ^? days be+ mu* *eap] & light]40 ,/ratton4 #g ,! ,assyrians also possess$ curi\s litt]s4 8,two eunu*s10 says ,/ratton1 8are %[n c>ry+ a sort ( arm-*air on _! %\ld]s1 elegant 9 design1 suppli$ ) :eels1 to be drawn by h& %\ld ! k+ h occasion to visit m\nta9\s regions inaccessible = *>iots40 #h ,! ,hi/ory ( ,coa*es4 ,g4 ,a4 ,?rupp4 ,london1 #ahgg4 #i ,see p4 #ci4 #aj ,/ratton treats ( ^! ,roman c>riages & c>ts 9 consid]able detail1 & m5tions 9 addition to ! plo/ellum1 or small plau/rum1 ! c>rus1 mon>*us1 & birotum4 ,( ^! ! c>rus1 or c>t1 diff]$ f ! plau/rum 9 ! foll[+ p>ticul>s3 8,! box or =m c\ld n be remov$1 z 9 ! =m] case1 b 0 fa/5$ ^u ! axle-tree2 x lack$ ! broad floor+ ( planks or bo>ds1 :i* s]v$ z a receptacle = c]ta9 commodities :5 ! sides 7 remov$2 ! :eels 7 high] & 444 spok$1 n solid l ! tympana40 ,! c>rus clabul>ius1 or /ave-waggon1 c\ld be l5g!n$ or %ort5$ z requir$4 ,! mon>*us 0 a v light two-:eel$ vehicle some?+ l ! cisium4 ,! birotum 0 also a small two-:eel$ vehicle1 ) a lea!r-cov]$ seat1 us$ 9 ! "t ( ,con/ant9e1 an 8e>ly po/-*aise10 z ,/ratton puts x4 #aa ,! c>ts ( nor? ,italy 9 ! eighte5? c5tury _h rema9$ practically un*ang$4 ,edw>d ,wright1 :o visit$ ,italy 9 #agai1 ?us describes !m3 8,! c>riages 9 ,lomb>dy1 & inde$ ?r\gh\t all ,italy1 are = ! mo/ "p drawn ) ox52 :i* are ( a :iti% col\r3 !y h v l[ :eels4 ,"s ,i saw )\t spokes1 solid l mill-/ones2 su* z ,i h se5 describ'd 9 "s antique basso-relievos & ,mosaicks4 ,! pole !y draw by is slop$ upw>ds t[>ds ! end2 :i* is rais'd consid]ably above _! heads2 f :5ce a *a91 or rope1 is let d[n & fa/5'd to _! horns2 :i* keeps up _! heads1 & s]ves to back ! c>riage4 ,9 "s p>ts !y use no yokes1 b draw all by ! horn1 by a sort ( a brace br\ght ab\t ! roots ( !m3 ! backs ( ! ox5 are g5]ally cov]'d ) a clo?4 ,9 ! k+dom ( ,naples1 & "s o!r p>ts1 !y use buffaloes 9 _! c>riages1 c4 ,^! d some:at resemble ox53 b are mo/ s\r1 ill-look+ animals1 & v vici\s2 = ! bett] managem5t ( !m !y g5]ally put r+s 9 _! noses40 #ab ,! ,_w on ,:eels4 #ac ,on ! o!r h&1 ! scy!s us$ by o!r nations may well h be5 on ! :eels4 ,livy describes ^? us$ by ,antio*us 7currus falcatus73 8,r\nd ! pole 7 %>p-po9t$ spe>s :i* ext5d$ f ! yoke ( ! two outside horses ab\t fifte5 feet2 ) ^! !y pi]c$ ev]y?+ 9 _! way4 ,on ! end ( ! yoke 7 two scy!s1 "o be+ plac$ horizontally1 ! o!r t[>ds ! gr\nd4 ,! fir/ cut ev]y?+ f ! sides1 ! o!rs cat*+ ^? pro/rate on ! gr\nd or try+ to crawl "u4 ,! long spe>s 7cuspides7 7 n on ! yoke1 z "s say40 #ad ,engli% ,wayf>+ ,life 9 ! ,middle ,ages4 ,j4 ,j4 ,juss]&4 ,london1 #ahhh4 #ae ,e>ly ,c>riages & ,roads4 ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 ,b>t4 ,london1 #aijc4 #af ,?is appe>s to h be5 simil> to ! c>roccio1 describ$ by ,/ratton z a v heavy f\r-:eel$ c>1 surm\nt$ by a tall /aff1 pa9t$ a bright r$4 ,/ratton also m5tions ! co*io1 :i* he describes z a ?irte5?-c5tury c>riage hav+ a cov]+ ( r$ matt+1 "u :i*1 9 ! =e-"p ( ! body1 ! ladies 7 seat$1 ! g5tlem5 occupy+ ! re> end4 ,bo? ^! words1 h[ev]1 seem to belong to a mu* lat] date & may be translations ( an e>li] orig9al4 #ag 8,! ,,xxx day ( ,septemb] ! ,que5's ,grace came f ! ,t[] ?r\gh ,london1 rid+ 9 a *>rett gorge\sly bese51 unto ,we/m9/]40 ,,ms4 ,cotton4 ,vitellius1 ,f4v4 #ah ,hi/ory ( ,great ,brita94 ,ar?ur ,wilson4 ,london1 #afec4 #ai cf4 ,sp5s]1 :o uses ?ree words :i* appe> to be int]*angeable4 8,?o'1 up him tak+ 9 _! t5d] h&s ,!y easily unto h] *>ett be>e2 ,h] teme at h] comm&em5t quiet /&s1 ,:iles !y ! corse unto h] wagon re>e4 ,& /r[e ) fl[]s ! lam5table be>e2 ,!n all ! re/ into _! ,co*es climb40 #bj ,x is probable t ! clos$ c>riage 9 :i* ! ,emp]or ,fr$]ick ,,iii paid a visit to ,frank=t 9 #adgd 0 "o ( ^! cotzi4 ,"h ! int]e/+ po9t is t ! ,emp]or's att5dants1 app>5tly = ! fir/ "t1 7 reliev$ ( ! necessity ( hold+ a canopy ov] ,8 ,maje/y's head1 except :5 he w5t to & return$ f ! ,c\ncil ,*amb]4 #ba ,taylor m5tions 9 "o place t 8= ! m5d+ ( ! ,h>nesse1 a ,knights ,coa*man br\ght 9 a bill to 8 ma/] ( #be p\nds40 ,he also says t ! own]s ( coa*es lik$ to mat* _! horses if possible4 #bb ,a ,book ab\t ,travell+1 ,pa/ & ,pres5t4 ,?omas ,croal4 ,london1 #ahgg4 #bc ,s ,mass+] 9 ,! ,bondman says3-- 8,= _! pomp & ease be+ borne ,9 triumph on m5's %\ld]s40 #bd ,! ^w hackney1 possibly d]iv$ f ! old ,fr5* ,haqu5e1 0 ! natural ^w to be us$ = a public coa*1 x be+ m]ely a synonym1 us$ by ,%akespe>e & o!rs1 = common4 #be ,curialia ,miscellanea4 ,samuel ,pegge1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,london1 #ahah4 #bf ,:i* 0 ab\t ! same sum t ,defoe _h to pay 9 ,london e>li] 9 ! c5tury4 8,we are c>ri$ to ^! places ! c(fee-h\ses10 he wrote 9 #agjb1 89 *airs :i* are "h v *eap--a gu9ea a week1 or a %ill+ p] h\r2 & y\r *airm5 s]ve y = port]s1 to run on err&s1 z y\r gondoli]s d at ,v5ice40 #bg cf4 8,) *e/ begirt by lea!rn b&s1 ,! *airman at 8 corn] /&s2 ,! poles /uck up aga9/ ! wall ,are ready at a mom5t's call4 ,= cu/om]s !y're always will+ ,& ready aye to e>n a %ill+40 ,e*oes ( ! ,/reet4 #bh ,9 an article 9 ! ,pall ,mall ,magaz9e = ,m>*1 #aiab4 #bi ,bir*'s ,hi/ory ( ! ,royal ,society4 #cj ,"s p h consid]$ t ! "n 0 n d]iv$ f ! city ( ,b]l91 b f an ,italian ^w b]l9a1 8a "n giv5 by ! ,italians to a k9d ( /age on :i* crim9als are expos$ to public ignom9y40 ,?is seems r f>-fet*$4 ,9 ,engl& x 0 always ?\ght to h be5 built fir/ 9 ,b]l91 & 0 a common en\gh t]m = a coa* e>ly 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,swift m5tions x 9 8 ,answ] to a ,sc&al\s ,poem 7#agcc73-- 8,& jeal\s ,juno1 ev] sn>l+1 ,is drawn by peacocks 9 h] b]l940 8,x %\ld be not$10 says ,croal1 8t we f9d ! ^w diff]5tly appli$ 9 ! e>li] ye>s ( ! c5tury1 & 9 su* a way z to ca/ d\bts on ! d]ivations quot$4 ,9 "s ( ! la/ ,acts pass$ by ! ,scotti% ,p>liam5ts be=e ! ,union1 !re are ref]5ces to a k9d ( %ip or boat1 call$ a b]l9e4 ,! royal burghs on ! we/ coa/ ( ,scotl& 7 9 #agje ord]$ to ma9ta9 two #8b]l9es' to prev5t ! importation ( #8victual' f ,irel&1 ?is importation be+ =bidd5 at ! "t1 & two ye>s lat] an ,act 0 pass$ to pay ! exp5ses ( ! b]l9es40 #ca ,a po9t ( m9or int]e/ may "h be notic$4 ,:5 lea!r 0 fir/ us$ = ! cov]+ ( ! coa* qu>t]s1 ! heads ( ! nails %[$4 ,b ab\t #affj1 8^! nail-heads 7 cov]$ ) a /rip ( metal made to imitate a r[ ( beads2 f ?is practice arose ! "n ( #8bead+' :i* has be5 reta9$1 al?\gh bead+ is n[ made 9 a cont9u\s1 level piece1 ei!r r\nd$ or angul>40 ,?rupp4 #cb ,see bel[1 p4 #acc4 #cc ,! read] is ref]r$ = ! fulle/ in=mation on ! subject ( ^! /age-coa*es to ,mr4 ,*>les ,g4 ,h>p]'s ,/age-,coa* & ,mail 9 ,days ( ,yore4 #b vols4 ,london1 #aijc4 #cd ,omnibuses & ,cabs4 ,london1 #aijb4 #ce ,x 0 ov] a cal*e pres5t$ by ! ,*evali] de ,grammont to ,*>les ,,ii1 t ! fam\s qu>rel took place betwe5 ,lady ,ca/lema9e & ,miss ,/ew>t1 aft]w>ds ! ,du*ess ( ,ri*mond4 ,! ladies _h be5 compla9+ t coa*es ) glass w9d[s1 b lately introduc$1 did n all[ a suffici5tly free display ( _! *>ms1 :5ce foll[$ ! gift ( a ,fr5* cal*e :i* co/ two ?\s& livres4 ,:5 ! que5 drove out 9 x1 bo? ! ladies agre$ ) de ,grammont t x af=d$ f> bett] opportunities ?an a coa* = %[+ (f _! figures1 & bo? endeav\r$ to get ! fir/ loan ( x4 ,9 ! fi]ce qu>rel t foll[$ ,miss ,/ew>t came (f ! conqu]or4 #cf ,pet] ! ,great4 ,by ,k4 ,waliszewski4 ,translat$ by ,lady ,m>y ,loyd4 ,london1 #ahih4 #cg ,social ,life 9 ! ,reign ( ,que5 ,anne4 ,john ,a%ton4 ,london1 #ahhc4 #ch ,orig9ally1 ,i und]/&1 a fi%-c>t or lugg]4 #ci ,?is well-kn[n expression = a c>riage is g5]ally ?\ght to h be5 us$ fir/ by an ,am]ican quak] lat] 9 ! c5tury4 ,n$ ,w>d1 h[ev]1 w\ld seem to h be5 its real inv5tor4 #dj ,at ?is "t ,m4 ,desse9 us$ to adv]tise 9 ! ,london pap]s4 ,9 ,! ,gazette] & ,new ,daily ,adv]tis] = ,july #ba1 #agfg1 is ! foll[+3 8,to be sold1 at ,calais1 a ,travell+ ,vis--,vis1 built at ,p>is ab\t a ye> & a half ago2 v fit also to use 9 ! t[ns on ! ,cont95t ^u occasion2 be+ v>ni%$ 9 ! newe/ ta/e1 & cov]$ ) an oil$ case to pres]ve x f ! wea!r 9 travell+1 & requires no?+ b a new set ( :eels to be 9 p]fect repair to make ! t\r ( ,europe4 ,enquire ( ,mr4 ,desse91 at ! ,htel ,d',anglet]re at ,calais1 ) :om ! l[e/ price is left40 #da ,see next *apt]4 #db ,?is 0 ! ,mr4 ,francis ,moore1 ( ,*eapside1 :o 9 #aghf & #agij obta9$ pat5ts = two two-:eel$ c>riages4 ,! second ( ^! bore consid]able resemblance to ! hansom-cab ( a lat] date4 ,x _h enorm\s :eels--high]1 inde$1 ?an ! body ( ! c>riage--& ! driv] sat on a small box-seat 9 front & at a level ) ! top ( ! ro(4 ,! door 0 at ! back4 #dc ,c>icature ,hi/ory ( ! ,georges1 ,?omas ,wright4 ,london1 n4d4 #dd 8,! %ape ( ! body10 says ,bridges ,adams1 describ+ ,coates's c>riage1 80 t ( a classic sea-god's c>1 & x 0 con/ruct$ 9 copp]4 ,?is vehicle 0 v beautiful 9 its outl9e1 ?\gh disfigur$ by ! absurdity ( its ornam5tal "w40 ,:5 ,coates _h a fall1 ,horace ,smi?1 ( ,reject$ ,addresses fame1 seiz$ ! occasion to write a mock condol+ poem4 #de ,= a detail$ acc\nt ( ^! mail-coa*es ! read] is ref]r$ to ,mr4 ,*>les ,h>p]'s book1 ,/age ,coa* & ,mail 9 ! ,days ( ,yore4 #df ,! ,dang] ( ,travell+ 9 ,/age-,coa*es2 & a ,rem$y ,propos$ to ! ,consid]ation ( ! ,public1 by ! ,rev4 ,william ,milton1 ,a4,m41 ,vic> ( ,heckfield1 ,hants4 ,read+1 #ahaj4 #dg ,x may be well to add "h a note on ! simpl] spr+s :i* 7 9 use at ?is "t4 ,^! seem to h be5 ( five di/9ct v>ieties--! /raight or elb[ spr+1 ! elliptic spr+1 ! regul>-curv$1 & ! rev]se-curv$ spr+s1 all ^! be+ ei!r s+le or d\ble1 & ! spiral spr+4 ,! /raight spr+ 0 us$ 9 ! /age-coa*es1 9 ! lat] phaetons1 9 ! ,tilbury1 & 9 mo/ ( ! two-:eel$ c>riages4 ,! elliptic spr+1 inv5t$ by ,elliott1 0 8us$ s+le 9 :at are call$ "u-spr+ c>riages1 :]e ! spr+ re/s on ! axle1 & is connect$ ) ! framework by means ( a dumb or imitation spr+ s z to =m a d\ble or complete ellipse4 ,?is is te*nically call$ an "u spr+40 ,its importance1 ( c\rse1 foll[$ on its p[] ( act+ z a complete support1 no p]* be+ requir$ to hold ! two p>ts ( ! und]c>riage toge!r4 ,sometimes f\r ( ^! spr+s 7 8h+$ toge!r 9 pairs10 & us$ ?us 9 ! l>g] f\r-:eel$ c>riages4 ,:5 a regul>-curv$ or ,c spr+ 0 us$1 8a lea!rn brace 0 susp5d$ f x to c>ry ! body or weight40 ,! rev]se-curv$ spr+ 0 us$ 9 ! old] phaetons1 & 9 ! =e spr+s ( ! ,tilbury1 & spr+s simil> to ?is _h be5 us$ z body spr+s 9 place ( susp5sion brackets or loops1 or z upright spr+s1 to ! e>li] coa*es & *>iots1 "u ! te*nical "n ( ,s spr+s--89 :i* case lea!r braces 7 atta*$ to !m1 & !y 7 support$ by a bracket or buttress ( iron call$ ! spr+ /ay4 ,! :ip spr+ :i* succe$$ !m 444 0 us$ 9 ! same way40 ,b 9 addition to ^! spr+s1 !re 7 all k9ds ( comb9ations1 & ! :ole subject is too complicat$ = ! lay m9d to und]/&4 ,! *ief po9t1 h[ev]1 to notice is ! *anges 9 /ructure :i* 7 made possible by ! elliptic spr+ ( ,elliott's re/+ on ! axle4 #dh ,:i* rem9ds me t at ! pres5t day !re is a s+ul> ?ree-:eel$ cab to be hir$ 9 ,london1 if only y "k :]e to look = x4 ,x is ! only "o ( its k9d1 & r>ely1 ,i believe1 appe>s until aft] nightfall4 ,x is ! k9d ( c>riage :i* is to be avoid$ by ^? :o h drunk n wisely b too well4 #di ,a good description is giv5 ( ! appe>ance ( ^! coa*es by ,b>on d',haussez1 an exil$ ,fr5*man1 9 #ahcc4 8,! appo9tm5ts ( an ,engli% coa* are no less elegant ?an its =m4 ,a portly1 good-look+ coa*man seat$ on a v high coa*-box1 well dress$1 we>+ :ite gloves1 a nosegay 9 8 button-hole1 & 8 *9 envelop$ 9 an enorm\s cravat1 drives f\r horses p]fectly mat*$ & h>ness$1 & z c>efully groom$ z :5 !y excit$ admiration 9 ! c>riages ( ,grosv5or & ,b]keley ,squ>es4 ,su* is ! mann] 9 :i* ,engli% horses are manag$1 su* also is _! docility1 ! effect ei!r ( temp]am5t or tra9+1 t y d n rem>k ! lea/ re/iv5ess 9 !m4 ,f\r-horse coa*es are to be se5 rapidly trav]s+ ! mo/ popul\s /reets ( ,london1 )\t occasion+ ! lea/ accid5t1 )\t be+ at all inconv5i5c$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! num]\s c>riages :i* h>dly leave ! necess>y space to pass4 ,! swe>+ ( o/l]s is nev] he>d at ! relays any m ?an ! neigh+ ( horses2 nor are y int]rupt$ on ! road by ! voice ( ! coa*man or ! s\nd ( 8 :ip1 :i* diff]s only f a cabriolet :ip 9 ! l5g? ( ! ?ong1 & s]ves m z a sort ( app5dage ?an a means ( correction 9 ! h& :i* c>ries x40 #ej ,omnibuses & ,cabs4 #ea ,see note on p4 #aib4 #eb ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,moore1 ^: acc\nt ( ?is matt] seems p]fectly cle>1 ! actual vehicle :i* prov$ s popul> :5 ply+ ! /reets conta9$ v mu* m ( ,*apman's "w ?an ( ,hansom's1 &1 inde$1 if full ju/ice _h be5 done1 ^! light c>riages %\ld h come d[n to po/]ity z *apmans & n hansoms at all4 ,on ! o!r h& x is q possible1 t b = ,hansom's "w1 ,*apman w\ld nev] h giv5 su* c>eful att5tion to ?is class ( vehicle4 #ec ,x seems1 h[ev]1 t s long z t5 ye>s be=e "o-horse c>s ( ?is =m _h be5 ply+ = hire 9 ,birm+ham & ,liv]pool4 #ed ,mod]n ,c>riages4 ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey1 ,b>t4 ,london1 #aije4 #ee ,bridges ,adams has an amus+ passage on ! "q ( col\r4 ,he _h 8 own ideas ^u ! be/ col\rs to use on a c>riage body4 8,= bright sunny days10 he ?9ks1 8! /raw or sulphur yell[ is v brilliant & beautiful2 b = ! autumnal haze1 ! ri* deep orange hue conveys ! mo/ agreeable s5sations4 ,! gre5s us$ are ( innum]able t9ts1 comm5c+ ) ! yell[i% olive1 & gradually d>k5+ till !y are b>ely di/+ui%able f black4 ,nei!r apple gre51 grass gre51 sea gre51 nor any gre5 ( a blui% t9t1 c be us$ 9 c>riage pa9t+ ) good effect z a gr\nd col\r2 b 9 "s species ( light c>riages a pleas+ effect may be produc$ = summ] by ! imitation ( ! v>iegat$ grasses40 ,q a poetical idea6 8,blues10 he cont9ues1 87 =m]ly pr9cipally us$ z a gr\nd col\r = bodies1 to contra/ ) a r$ c>riage & framework4 ,( late v d>k blues h be5 us$ z a g5]al gr\nd col\r1 & :5 new !y are v ri*1 be+ a glaz$ or p>tially transp>5t col\r2 b !y v soon become worn & fad$1 ! lea/ speck ( du/ disfigur+ !m4 ,blue is also a cold col\r1 & :ile x is unfitt$ = summ] by reason ( its easy soil+1 x is unpleasant 9 w9t]1 ow+ to its want ( w>m?40 #ef ,= full & p>ticul> acc\nts ( all su* c>riages z h be5 con/ruct$ s9ce ! middle ( la/ c5tury1 ! read] is ref]r$ to ! v>i\s trade j\rnals4 ,fur!r in=mation is to be obta9$ f ! ,reports on c>riages at ! successive ,london & ,p>is ,exhibitions4 ,"h ! m important diff]5ces betwe5 ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 & ,au/rian c>riages are cle>ly %[n 9 a language :i* is n too te*nical = ! ord9>y read] to und]/&4 #eg ,?is 0 also ! case 9 ,france4 #eh ,!re is an int]e/+ passage 9 ! #ahgh ,report :i* may be quot$ "h4 8,x is some:at s+ul>10 ?is runs1 8t :ile ! att5tion ( ! ,engli% coa*build]s has1 = ! pa/ few ye>s1 be5 direct$ to p]fect an arrangem5t to op5 & close l&au heads 9 a simple & effectual mann]1 ! ,fr5* build]s h paid little or no he$ to ! atta9m5t ( ?is desid]atum1 b h in/ead adopt$ a plan :i* all[s ( ! doors ( a l&au be+ op5$ :5 ! glass is up1 be+ fir/ introduc$ by ,m4 ,kelln] 444 9 #ahff4444 ,! simple/ me?od is to h two pieces ( brass1 ab\t t5 in*es long1 9 ! =m ( a groove1 = ! glass frame to slide 91 h+$ to ! upp] extremities ( ! door pill>s1 & to close d[n on ! f5ce rail :5 n requir$ = use40 #ei ,"h1 ,i suppose1 %\ld be includ$ ! ,eridge c>t1 inv5t$ by ,"l ,ab]gav5ny4 ,x holds f\r p]sons on two p>allel seats4 #fj ,! phaeton has f\nd p>ticul> fav\r 9 ,france4 ,at ! ,p>is ,exhibition 9 #ahgh 0 %[n a phaeton built at ,r\51 :i*1 accord+ to ! (ficial ,report1 0 8! f9e/ small c>riage exhibit$ 9 ! ,fr5* dep>tm5t = +5uity & fitness = "w40 #fa ,sir ,walt] ,gilbey _h a po/+ br\gham built = 8 own use1 :i* to an ev5 great] ext5t resembl$ ! old *>iot4 ,9 ?is case po/ilions 7 us$4 #fb 8,! ,pat5t ,dioropha1 or two-head$ c>riage1 comb9+ 9 "o a cl>5ce or pil5tum coa*1 complete ) all its appo9tm5ts2 a b>\*e1 ) fold+ head & ?ree-fold knee-flap2 & an op5 c>riage4 ,! heads c be remov$ or ex*ang$ ) facility by means ( a pulley atta*$ to ! ceil+ ( ! coa*-h\se1 aid$ by a c\nt]poise weight40 ,vide ! ,(ficial ,catalogue1 :i* also gives illu/rations ( sev]al ,indian c>riages1 su* z ! ,k]on1 ! ra?1 a ,mahratta c>riage f ,b5gal1 & a lady's c>riage f ,lahore--! la/ be+ a f\r-:eel$ conveyance cov]$ ) sc>let & crimson clo?1 & %ut 9 ) ?ick curta9s4 #fc ,! only sulky n[ to be se5 9 ?is c\ntry is ! trott+ c>riage us$ 9 races--a m]e skeleton4 ,see also p4 #baj4 #fd ,susp5sion ( ,road ,c>riages4 ,a ,pap] read be=e ! ,in/itute ( ,briti% ,c>riage ,manufactur]s at ,york4 #ahii4 ,,index ,index ,ab]gav5ny1 ,m>quis (1 #bgj n4 ,ack]mann1 ,william1 #bcj1 #bcd ,adams1 ,t4 ,g41 #bcb ,adams1 ,william ,bridges1 #ai1 #di1 #fb1 #fe1 #aed1 #bab1 #bad n41 #bbg-bcj1 #bcb-bcf1 #beh n4 ,addison1 ,joseph1 #aea adomet]1 #aae ,adrianople1 #aeb ,africa1 ,s\?1 #bgh ,agripp9a1 #cc ,al*emi/1 ,!1 #ge ,ald]sgate ,/reet1 #aij ,alex&] & ,campaspe1 #eh ,alex&] ( ,p>ma1 #fg ,alex&] ,sev]us1 #ce ,alex&] ! ,great1 #bg ,alex&ria1 #bg ,all sorts ( ,:eel ,c>riage1 ,improv$1 #aff 1 #bf1 #bg ,amelia1 ,pr9cess1 #ajd amempton1 #bgb ,am]ica1 ,nor?1 #cf1 #adj1 #bje1 #bbj1 #bba1 #bbe1 #bcf1 #bfc ,am]ica1 ,s\?1 #bj1 #ahi1 #bcf ,am/]dam1 #bbe1 #bbf ,&]s51 ,h5ry1 #ij ,&rews1 coa*build]1 #bfg ,anne1 wife ( ,ri*>d ,,ii1 #di ,anne1 ,que51 #aed1 #agd ,anne1 ,social ,life 9 ! ,reign ( ,que51 #aeh n4 ,anne ,boleyn1 #ed ,annual ,regi/]1 #bad ,an/ice1 ,j41 #bje ,antio*1 #bi ,antio*us1 #dj n4 1 #be ,antw]p1 #fh1 #aaj 1 #bf-bh ,apollo1 or a ,problem ,solv$1 #afb ,appian ,way1 #bh araba1 #dj ,arabia1 #dj arc]a1 #bi ,arl+ton cab1 #bhj 1 #be1 #bf1 #bi 1 #bf1 #bg1 #bi ,arnot1 ,hugh1 #ajb ,arundel1 ,e>l (1 #gf1 #gg ,a%by1 ,lady1 #abj ,a%ton1 ,john1 #aeh ,asia1 #ajg1 #ajh ,assyrian *>iot4 ,see *>iot ,a!ns1 #cf ,ausonius1 #ca ,au/ralia1 #bbc ,au/ria1 #ea1 #bcb automobile1 #bef1 #bfi1 #bhb ,automobile3 a ,=eca/1 ,!1 #bha axles1 movable1 #bef1 #bfi1 #bhb ,babylon1 #bg back-door cab1 #bdi ,bailey1 ,capta91 #hh ,balack1 ,donald1 #aje b>cos de ti]ra1 #bj b>ge1 #bgf ,b>k]1 ,edw>d1 #gd b>\*e1 #bjf1 #bbi1 #bcj1 #bfd1 #bgan4 b>\*et1 #bcj ,b>r[1 ,john1 #ajg ,b>?olomew ,fair1 #ge ,bask]ville1 ,john1 #aia basket1 !1 #afh1 #afi4 ,see also "u boot ba/]na1 #cb1 #cg1 #eb ,ba?1 #fa1 #ajc1 #ajd ,battlesd5 c>t1 #bgi ,baudry1 ,m41 #beb ,baxt]1 coa*build]1 #beh ,bayn>des ,ca/le1 #gg bead+1 #abjn4 ,beatrice ( ,anj\1 #ej ,beau's ,ideal1 ,!1 #afj ,beckmann1 #fe1 #aaf ,b$=d c>t1 #bgi ,belgium1 #ce ,bellasis1 ,ri*>d1 #eg ,belvoir1 #ga b5na1 #cb1 #ce ,b5net1 ,mr41 #bba ,b5nett1 coa*build]1 #bce ,b]l91 #aah n4 b]l91 #fb1 #aji1 #aah-aba1 #aci1 #ada1 #age1 #agf1 #baf2 ,korff b]l9e1 #bjg et seq4 b]l9a1 #aah n4 b]l9e4 ,see b]l9 b]l+ot1 #ada bian1 #bci1 #bha ,bianconi1 #bci ,bible1 ,diction>y ( !1 #bb n4 bike wagon1 #bge2 cut-"u bike wagon1 #bge ,bir*1 ,?omas1 #aaf n4 ,bird-,cage ,walk1 #beh ,birm+ham1 #db1 #aij1 #aia1 #bej1 #bea n41 #bee birotum1 #cb n4 ,blackfri>s1 #hb ,blackhea?1 #aae-aag ,blackwood's ,magaz9e1 #bch ,bligh family4 ,see ,d>nley ,bl\nt4 ,see ,blunt ,blunt1 ,colonel ,sir ,h>ry1 ( ,wicklem>%1 #aae1 #aag1 #aah1 #abf ,bodg]1 #ahi ,bondman1 ,!1 #hg n4 ,boon51 ,william1 #ga1 #gb boot1 fir/ m5tion (1 #gc2 metamorphos$ into basket1 #gd1 #hd1 #aaa1 #aad1 #afh1 #bah1 #bbi1 #bcd1 #bce ,bo/on1 ,u4,s4,a41 #bba ,b\lnois1 ,william1 #bdi1 #bej ,b\logne1 #gj ,b\rn1 ,daniel1 #ahj1 #aha1 #ahe brake1 #bgc ,brea/$1 ,j4 ,h41 #ba brew]'s c>t1 #if ,brita91 #cj1 #ci ,briti% ,museum1 #dh britzs*ka 7briska1 brisk]1 brisky71 #bcb-bcd2 briska-*>iot1 #bbi1 #bcb1 #bcc2 briska-phaeton1 #bbi2 briska-l&au1 #bfd broad-waggons1 #aih ,brod]i?us1 ,/ephanus1 #fe br\ette 7:eelb>r[71 #ii1 #ajj1 #ajh1 #aci ,br\gham1 ,"l1 #bea br\gham1 #bea1 #beb1 #beg1 #bfb1 #bga2 po/+-br\gham1 #bgj n42 two-:eel$ br\gham1 #bgi2 br\gham-hansom1 #bhj ,br\nck]1 ,"l1 #aag ,br[ne1 ,sir ,?omas1 #gc1 #aba1 #bba ,brussels1 #fg1 #aaj buckbo>d1 #bgf ,buck+ham1 ,duke (1 #fa1 #hf-hh1 #ia1 #ajg1 #aec ,buck+ham1 ,e>l (1 #di ,budd1 ,g4 ,f41 #bfb buggy1 #bba1 #bcf1 #beg1 #bgc-bge ,bulkeley1 ,sir ,ri*>d1 #adb1 #adc1 #aee ,bulw] ,lytton1 #bga ,bunbury1 ,h41 #aii ,burgh1 ,elizabe? de1 ,lady ,cl>e1 #dh cab1 hackney4 ,see cabriolet cab-phaeton1 #bbi1 #bcc1 #bde1 #bff cabriolet1 #aci1 #agj1 #aih1 #aii1 #bba1 #bcd1 #bdd et seq41 #bff1 #bgf2 cabriolet de place1 #bdd ,cs>1 ,julius1 #bi1 #cf ,cs>ius1 #bi ,calais1 #agb cala% 7cale%1 cal*e71 #aji1 #adj et seq41 #aed1 #aee1 #bjf1 #bba calesse 7calesso71 #ce1 #adj can$ :iskey1 #bad ,cant]bury1 #aaj ,cape c>t1 #bgh ,capua1 #bh ,c>icature ,hi/ory ( ! ,georges1 #aih n4 ,c>9?ia1 #aba ,c>lyle1 ,?omas1 #bjg1 #bji c>p5tum1 #ca1 #cc1 #cd c>retta1 #ej c>riage1 e>ly use ( ! ^w1 #de2 e>ly ,engli% c>riage describ$1 #dg2 ,*9ese1 #ch1 #ajg2 ,dacian1 #cg ,c>riage ,build]'s & ,h>ness ,mak]'s ,art ,j\rnal1 #gb1 #aeh c>riage-mat*1 #ahh c>riole1 #ce1 #fi1 #adj1 #bbd c>roccio1 #ej n4 c>ro* 7c>o*1 c>roa*1 c>ro*e71 #fd1 #hj1 #hc c>rosse1 #fi2 c>osse c9q s\s1 #acf et seq4 c>ruca1 #cb1 #cd2 c>ruca arg5tata1 #ce2 c>ruca dome/oria1 #ce c>rus1 #cb n42 c>rus /abul>ius1 #cb n4 c>t1 #bd1 #ha1 #hb1 #bdg2 e>ly ,engli% c>t describ$1 #de ,ca/lema9e1 ,e>l (1 #abc1 #abd2 ,c\ntess (1 #adj n4 ca!dra1 #cg ,ca!r9e ( ,aragon1 #ed ,catton1 coa*-pa9t]1 #ahh ,cecil1 ,lady1 #gf ,c5is1 ,mont1 #ajd ,c5tlivre1 ,mrs41 #afj *a]4 ,see *>e *air1 s$an1 #he et seq42 introduc$ into ,engl&1 #hg2 hackney *airs e/abli%$1 #hg1 #ia2 *>act]i/ics ( *airm51 #if1 #ajb2 appe>ance1 #ii-aja2 at ,ba?1 #ajd2 p]si/ at ,ed9burgh1 #ajf2 regulations1 #ajf2 ,ea/]n *airs1 #ajg2 m5tion$1 #abc1 #adh1 #aff1 #agc1 #bba1 #bbb *air1 "o-horse4 ,see *aise *airs-&-*airm51 #aih *aise1 #adj1 #ada1 #adg1 #adh1 #aee1 #aef1 #agj1 #aga1 #age1 #aif2 ,fr5* *aise describ$1 #adg1 #adh2 *aise porteur1 #ii2 *aise de po/e1 #agj ,*amb]layne1 ,william1 #ace ,*amb]s1 ,sir ,william1 #ahe1 #ahf1 #bfj ,*apman1 ,john1 #bej *>4 ,see *>e *>--banc1 #bgc *>--cote1 #bbd *>e 7c>71 #df1 #di1 #ej1 #eb1 #ed1 #fi *>ette 7*>iette71 #di1 #ej1 #fb1 #fg *>iot1 ,hittite1 #ba1 #bc2 ,egyptian1 #bj1 #bb2 ,assyrian1 #bb1 #bd1 #ci2 ,p]sian1 #bc1 #ch-dj2 ,grecian1 #bd et seq42 ,lydian1 #bf2 ,briti%1 #bi1 #cj2 m5tion$1 #di1 #ed1 #ee1 #ig1 #aaa1 #abj et seq41 #ada1 #add2 ,col4 ,blunt's *>iots1 #aae et seq42 ,spani%1 #aba2 ,mr4 ,povey's1 #abf2 ,sir ,ri*>d ,bulkeley's1 #adb2 *>iot ,l'anglaise1 #adg2 ! ,d>nley *>iot1 #aej et seq42 adv]tisem5ts (1 #aeg2 ,george ,,iv's1 #bjg2 co/ (1 #baj2 ,hobson's *>iots1 #bcb2 also m5tion$1 #adh1 #aej1 #aec1 #afa1 #aga1 #age1 #bjj1 #bjf1 #baj1 #bba1 #bbi1 #bcd1 #bea1 #bgj1 #bga1 #bgf *>iotee1 #bcf ,*>les ( ,anj\1 #ej ---- ,i1 #hf1 #ij1 #ia1 #aaa1 #abc ---- ,,ii1 #ee1 #fa1 #adj n41 #adh ---- ,v1 #hf ---- ,,vii1 ( ,france1 #fd ---- ,,xii1 #aed *asse m>e1 #aei ,*auc]1 ,ge(frey1 #di ,*eapside1 #aej1 #aib n4 *eas1 #afb ,*icago1 #bge ,*iesa1 ,philip de1 #aah ,*ild1 ,josiah1 #aih ,*ili1 #bj ,*9a1 #ch1 #gi1 #ajg ,cic]o1 #cj1 #cb ,cipriani1 #aac1 #ahh1 #bfj cisium1 #ca1 #cb n41 #aci2 cisi>ii1 #ca ,clanwilliam1 ,e>l (1 #bcc cl>5ce1 #bga1 #bgb2 ,surrey cl>5ce1 #bga ,claudius1 ! ,emp]or1 #cf ,clevel&1 ,john1 #aad ,cl9k]1 ,humphrey1 #ajc coa*1 introduction (1 #ef et seq42 wom5 =bidd5 _! use1 #eg2 ,taylor's op9ion (1 #ei2 fir/ coa*-&-six1 #fa2 def9ition (1 #fb2 :]e fir/ made1 #fb2 d]ivation ( ! ^w1 #fc2 simil> to c\*1 #fc2 fir/ ,engli% coa*es only c>ts1 #fd2 appe>ance ( e>ly coa*es1 #ff2 h[ evolv$ f ! waggon1 #ff2 a sixte5?-c5tury coa* describ$1 #fg2 olde/ coa* 9 exi/5ce1 #fh2 introduction into ,engl&1 #fi2 fir/ 8holl[1 turn+ coa*0 = ,que5 ,elizabe?1 #ga2 h] ,dut* coa*1 #gb2 ,e>l ( ,rutl&'s coa*1 #gg1 #gh2 coa* comp>$ ) c>t1 #ha2 ,taylor's ride 91 #hd2 hackney coa*es1 #hh1 #afe1 #bja1 #bda et seq42 proclamations conc]n+1 #ij1 #abe2 e>ly ,fr5* coa*1 #aaa2 size ( ,engli% coa*es1 #aaa2 olde/ coa*es ) solid doors1 #aai2 ,roman coa*es1 #abc2 ov]turn+ (1 #adb2 e>ly ,georgian coa*es1 #adh2 ,turki%1 #aeb2 ,russian1 #aec1 #aed2 ,v5etian1 #aei2 pat5t coa*es1 #aff1 #bag1 #bah2 ,spani%1 #agj2 8frictionless0 coa*1 #aij2 ,bask]ville's1 #aia2 ,"l ,*ancellor's ,iri% coa*1 #bjf1 #bjg1 #beh2 reasons = ov]cr[d+1 #bae2 n9ete5?-c5tury coa*1 #bbi2 ,victorian1 #bfa ,coa* & ,coa* ,h>ness ,mak]s' ,company1 #adc ,coa* & ,s$an pleasantly disput+1 #fc1 #ib et seq4 coa*ee1 #bbb ,coa*es1 ,! ,hi/ory (1 #bd n4 coal-c>riage1 #aib ,coates1 8,romeo10 #bac ,coburg1 #fg1 #fh ,cockburn1 ,"l1 #ajf co*io1 #ej n4 ,colley1 #aii ,colman1 ,j41 #aih ,comm&]1 ,mr41 #abg ,conf]5ce betwe5 444 *>iot 444 & 444 *air1 ,a1 #ig ,congreve1 ,william1 #bja ,connecticut1 #bba ,consort1 ,pr9ce1 #bgb ,con/ant9e1 #cb n4 ,con/ant9ople1 #bi ,conveyanc+1 #bdh ,coop]1 ,f5imore1 #aje ,coop]1 ,j4 ,c41 coa*-design]1 #bff corbill>d1 #aaa correo real1 #agj cottri1 #fc ,cotzi4 ,see ,kotzee c\*4 ,see coa* c\c\1 #afi c\p1 #aee1 #bcj1 #bgj ,c\rtney1 ,c4 ,b41 #bgg ,cov5t ,g>d51 #ajd ,cov5try1 ,sir ,william1 #acb cov9us1 #cj ,c[ ,lane1 #abi crane-neck p]*es1 #aai ,crav51 #eg ,cre$1 ,mrs41 #acj ,cr5an1 ,m>quis de1 #acf ,croal1 ,?omas1 #hd1 #aja1 #aah n41 #adc1 #bcf1 #bdj ,cromwell1 ,oliv]1 #aab-aad ,croo*1 ,john1 #ib ,cr\ne1 ,dr41 #aag ,croydon1 #bgj ,cruik%ank1 ,george1 #bdf ,c-spr+1 #aai ,cuba1 #adj1 #bcf ,cu*ey1 ,cambridge c>ri]1 #fc ,cumb]l&1 ,george1 ,e>l (1 #ei2 ,h5ry ,clif=d1 ,e>l (1 #eg ,curialia ,miscellanea1 #ia n4 curricle1 #aii1 #bac1 #bad1 #bbb1 #bcd1 #bdb1 #bgf1 #bgg2 curricle tribus1 #beb currus1 #bi2 currus arcuatus1 #cc2 currus falcatus1 #dj n4 curt9 coa*1 #aei ,curtius1 #ci1 #dj ,cyprus1 #ci ,d>nley1 ,"l1 #aej ,da%\r1 #bd ,dav5ant1 ,sir ,william1 #abc ,davies1 ,david1 #bcc1 #bde1 #bea decoration ( c>riages1 #aci ,defoe1 ,daniel1 #ajb n4 ,delaney1 ,mrs41 #aei ,delavel1 ,sir ,francis1 #aif1 #bcg demi-l&au1 #baj d5net1 #bce2 ! ,misses1 #bce ,d]t=d1 #gg dsobligeante1 #ada1 #agb ,desse91 ,m41 #agb ,devil is an ,ass1 ,!1 #hj ,devon%ire1 ,duke (1 #bei ,diana ( ,poiti]s1 #fi ,dick5s1 ,*>les1 #bcd1 #bdb1 #bdd1 #bdf1 #bdg dilig5ce1 #adh1 #afh2 dilig5ce de ville1 #bai4 ,see also mail-coa* ,diom$1 #bf dioropha1 #bga 4 ,see ,dockwra1 ,william1 #aff dog-c>t1 #bce1 #beg1 #bge1 #bgf1 #bgh dogs us$ z bea/s ( burd51 #aaj ,don1 ,lady1 #ajf ,dor*e/]1 #bhj ,dov]1 #bah ,d[n-,hall1 #aef drag1 #bfb1 #bfc ,drake1 ,sir ,francis1 #ei driv+-coa*1 #bbi droitzs*ka 7drosky71 #bbd1 #bcc ,dubl91 #adb1 #bch1 #bci ,duncombe1 ,sir ,saund]s1 #hg1 #ia ,dunkirk1 #aaj duobus1 #bdi ,dup91 #ii ,e>ly ,c>riages & ,roads1 #ej n4 ,e>ly ,use ( ,c>riages 9 ,engl&1 #ed ,ea/w>d ,hoe1 #ge1 #gi ,e*oes ( ! ,/reets1 #ajc n4 ,edgewor?1 ,dr4 ,lovell1 #bje ,edgw>e1 #eg ,ed9burgh1 #ij1 #ajb1 #ajc1 #ajf1 #add1 #bjf ,ed9burgh ,almanac1 ,!1 #ajf ,edw>d ,,iii1 #dc1 #dh ,edw>d ,,vi1 #gj ,edw>d ,,vii1 #bei effem9acy & c>riages1 #dd1 #ef et seq4 ,egl9ton1 ,e>l (1 #ahh ,egypt1 #bc1 #bd1 #df ,egypt1 ,a ,hi/ory (1 #ba n4 ,eleanor1 ! ,lady1 #dh elephant c>riage1 #bci1 #bdj ,elg91 ,e>l (1 #ajh2 ,elg9 m>bles1 #bf ,elizabe?1 ,que51 #ga-gc1 #hc1 #hf1 #agd ,elliott1 ,obadiah1 #bje1 #bad1 #bbg1 #bbh n41 #bcd elliptic spr+s1 #bje ,engli% ,pleasure ,c>riages1 #ai n41 #bbg ,engli% ,wayf>+ ,life 9 ! ,middle ,ages1 #dc n4 ,ent]ta9m5t at ,rutl& ,h\se1 ,fir/ ,day's1 #abc equirotal c>riages1 #bcg ,eri*?onius1 #cf ,eridge c>t1 #bgj n4 ,erm5g>de1 ! ,lady1 #ea ess$um1 #bi-ca2 ess$um deauratum1 #cj ,essex1 ,rob]t1 ,e>l (1 #ei2 ,c\ntess (1 #gg ,eug5e1 ,pr9ce1 #afj ,evelyn1 ,john1 #hg1 #aji1 #aaa1 #aae1 #aaf1 #abe1 #abf1 #adb ,exp$itions to ,prussia & ! ,holy ,l&1 ( ,h5ry1 ,e>l ( ,d]by1 #ea ,fantail gig1 #bcf ,f>nese1 ,duke ,edw>d1 #abc ,felton1 ,william1 #bjd1 #bjg1 #baj1 #bac1 #bbg ,f]r>a1 #fi2 ,du*ess (1 #fi ,f]r]s1 ,e>l1 #ec ,f]s51 ,c\nt1 #bjh1 #bji fiacre1 #ij ,field+1 ,sir ,john1 #bja1 #bjc ,f9sbury1 #ib1 #bce ,fl&]s1 #ea1 #bji2 ,flemi% m>es & c>riages1 #eb1 #fc1 #hc ,fl&res1 ,anci5nes ,*roniques de1 #ej ,fleet ,/reet1 #afd ,flor5ce1 #bc1 #adj fly1 #bfe ,=d1 ,sir ,ri*>d1 #abi ,=d1 ,william1 #bja ,=de1 coa*build]1 #bgi f\r-9-h&1 #bbi1 #bfb ,f\r-9-,h& ,driv+ ,club1 #bfb 8f\r-:eel]10 #hi ,france1 #dc1 #fb1 #gf1 #ij1 #id1 #aba1 #aci1 #adj1 #adh1 #aea1 #afe1 #afh1 #aga1 #agb1 #agg1 #ahi1 #aif1 #aih1 #bai1 #bcj ,frank=t1 #fe ,fr$]ick1 ,duke ( ,saxony1 #fg ,fr$]ick ,,iii1 ! ,emp]or1 #fe n4 ,friola1 #ea ,froiss>t1 ,sir ,john1 #di1 #ec gal]a1 #afi ,gaud51 ,sir ,d41 #abi ,gaul1 #ca ,gauti]1 ,?ophile1 #agj ,gay1 ,john1 #fj1 #ih1 #ajb1 #aej ,gazette]1 ,!1 #agb n4 ,g5]al ,highways ,act1 ! fir/1 #gj ,g5tleman ,danc+ ,ma/]1 ,!1 #abg ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e1 #agd1 #agf1 #ahj1 #aic ,george ,i1 #aei ,george ,,iii1 #ahe1 #ahf1 #ahh1 #bjg ,george ,,iv1 #baa1 #bab1 #bfg ,george ,v1 #ahe ,g]many1 #ce1 #ff1 #fh1 #gf1 #aah1 #adg1 #bai1 #bbf1 #bgc gh>ry1 #dj ,gh5t1 #aaj ,gibbon1 ,edw>d1 #bh1 #bi gig1 #ajg1 #aci-ada1 #add1 #aii1 #bac1 #bad1 #bba1 #bbd1 #bce-bcg1 #bde1 #bge-bgg2 primitive =m (1 #ca ,gigg1 ,sir ,gregory1 #aii ,gilbey1 ,sir ,walt]1 ,b>t41 #ej1 #ed1 #aac1 #aag1 #bea1 #bei1 #bfb1 #bfi-bgb1 #bgg1 #bgh1 #bhj ,gild ( ! ,holy ,cross1 #db ,gillray1 ,james1 #baa1 #bac1 #bbj ,g9zrot1 von1 #ci1 #ff ,glasg[1 #add1 #bef glass = coa*es & *airs1 #ajd1 #aji1 #aaa1 #abj1 #aba1 #aca1 #ace1 #aed glass-coa*1 #aai1 #aba1 #ahe1 #bjg ,godalm+1 #adi ,godelak1 ,walt]1 #dc gondola1 #afi1 #baf1 #beb gov]ness c>t1 #bgi ,gozzad9i1 ,c\nt1 #fg1 #abc1 #adj ,grammont1 ,*evali] de1 #adj n4 ,gr& ,conc]n ( ,engl&1 ,!1 #acf ,gray1 ,?omas1 #adg1 #adh ,gray's-inn-lane1 #aig ,gre51 ,john1 #afe1 #aff ,gre5wi*1 #bec1 #bed ,gregory ,x1 ,pope1 #ej ,gre%am ,college1 #aaf ,griff91 ,w1 #abg ,grosv5or ,squ>e1 #aig1 #bda n4 ,gurney1 ,sir ,goldsmi?1 #bee1 #bef ,hackney1 #hh1 #aba1 #abg2 d]ivation ( ! ^w1 #hh n4 ,hamburg1 #bbf ,hamilton1 ,duke (1 #baa hamm]clo?1 #aeh1 #bjf1 #bbi1 #bga ,hann+1 ,mr41 #bee ,hansom1 ,aloysius1 #bej1 #bea hansom-cab1 #hi1 #ii1 #aib n41 #bej et seq41 #bgi1 #bhj1 #bhb2 ,floyd hansom1 #bgi2 f\r-:eel$ hansom1 #bhj ,h>bor\gh1 #agf ,h>p]1 ,*>les1 #abj1 #ace n41 #bae n41 #bah1 #bfa ,h>r[1 #eg2 ,h>r[ ,s*ool1 #eg ,h>vey1 ,mr41 #bdi1 #beb ,h>wi*1 #ee1 #aij ,ha/+s1 ,j41 #bb n4 ,hat*ett1 coa*build]1 #beh ,hatton ,h\se1 #gg ,haussez1 ,b>on ,d'1 #bda n4 ,hea?cote1 ,sir ,gilb]t1 #ahh ,heliogabalus1 #hb 8hell-c>t10 #ha ,h5grave1 #gf ,h5ry ,,iv1 #ea ,h5ry ,,vi1 #ed ,h5ry ,,vii1 #if ,h5ry ( ,nav>re1 #hd2 8 wid[1 #ed ,h]odotus1 #bg ,hesiod1 #bh ,hew]1 ,w1 #aca1 #acc ,hicks1 ,sir ,elias1 #ib ,hi]onymus1 #bg ,h9ckley1 #bej ,hi/ory ( ,great ,brita91 #fa n4 ,hi/ory ( ,inv5tions1 #fe ,hi/ory ( ,locomotion1 #fb ,hobson1 ,samuel1 #bcb ,hoby1 ,sir ,?omas1 #gf ,hodges1 coa*ma/]1 #aeg1 #aeh ,hoefnagle1 #gb ,hog>?1 #fd ,holborn1 #acb1 #aig1 #bfd ,holcr(t1 ,?omas1 #bbf ,hol9%$1 #ed ,holl&1 #fh1 #ga1 #aef1 #bbf ,holl& ,holl&1 #bfa ,holl[ay1 #bdg ,hood1 ,?omas1 #bdh1 #bef ,hook1 ,!odore1 #bce ,hooke1 ,dr4 ,rob]t1 #aaf1 #aag ,hoop]1 ,g4 ,n41 #bgf ,hopk9son1 ,luke1 #bfd1 #bfe ,hopkynson1 ,edw>d1 #ga ,horse & ,c>riage ,oracle1 ,!1 #bca ,hung>y1 #cg1 #ea1 #fc-ff1 #fh ,hunt1 ,leigh1 #afb1 #bjf1 #baj1 #bad1 #bai1 #bdb ,hutton1 ,ca!r9e1 #aib ,hutton1 ,william1 #aia ,hyde ,p>k1 #aab1 #aae1 #abb1 #aee1 #aef hwakea\1 #ajh idol-c>1 ,p]sian1 #ci ,indian c>riages1 e>ly1 #dj ,+leby1 ,colonel1 #aab ,ipswi*1 #gc ,irel&1 #adc1 #bjf1 #bad1 #bbj1 #bch1 #bci1 #bha ,iri% c>1 #bha ,isabella ( ,spa91 #agj is+lass1 or talc1 us$ = w9d[s1 #ib ,isl+ton1 #ib ,italy1 #ca1 #cb1 #cc n41 #ce1 #fb1 #aaj1 #abc1 #agb1 #aif1 #bce ,jacob1 #ba1 #df ,jacobs1 ,joseph1 coa*build]1 #aeg1 #ahd ,james ,i1 #hg ,japan1 #ajh jaunt+ c>1 ,iri%1 #bci ,j]vis1 ,john1 coa*man1 #bci j9-rick-%aw1 #ii1 #ajh ,john1 ,elector ( ,saxony1 #fh ,john1 ,k+1 #ec ,johnson1 ,samuel1 #afb1 #aga1 #bai ,jonson1 ,b51 #ge1 #gi ,joseph1 #ba1 #df ,j\rney across ,asia1 ,k+'s1 #bbd ,j\rney r\nd ! ,_w1 ,pfeiff]'s1 #bbc ,j[]m>%1 #dc ,julius1 ,duke ( ,brunswick1 #eh ,juno1 #be1 #aah n4 ,jupit]1 #afb ,juss]&1 ,j4 ,j41 #dc1 #dg1 #dh 1 #bg ,kamts*atka1 #bbd 1 #bf1 #bh kangoe1 #ajh ,kelln]1 ,m41 #bfe n4 ,kelson1 ,mr41 #afj ,k5n$y1 ,donald1 #aej k]on1 #bga n4 ,ke/]ton1 ,mr41 #bgb kibitka1 #bbd ,k9d]1 coa*build]1 #bgc ,k+1 ,capta91 #bbd ,k9k1 #aii ,k9-sai1 #ch ,knapp1 ,edw>d1 #aae ,korff1 ,b>oness de1 #bjh ,kottcze 7,kotcze71 #fc1 #fe ,kotzee 7,kotzi71 #fb1 #fe ,kytson family1 #gf ,lade1 ,sir ,john1 #aig1 #baa ,ladislaus1 ,k+ ( ,hung>y1 #fd ,lafitte1 ,jacques1 #beb1 #bec l&au1 #fb1 #age1 #aic1 #bjj1 #bjg1 #baj1 #bcj1 #beg1 #bfc-bff1 #bfh1 #bga2 /ate l&au1 #bei1 #bfj2 canoe l&au1 #bff l&aulet1 #baj1 #bcj1 #bcd1 #bfd ,lassells1 ,george1 #ga ,laurie ,m>n]1 #bga ,laval1 ,r5 de1 #eh ,lead5hall ,/reet1 #aha1 #ahd 8lea!rn-conv5i5cy10 #afc1 #bch lectica1 #bi1 #cf1 #hf2 lectic>ii1 #cf ,leek1 ,john1 #ga ,lei?1 #ij ,l5?all1 ,speak]1 #aac ,leom9/]1 #ahj1 #ahe ,leopold1 ! ,emp]or1 #aai1 #afj ,ligne1 ,pr9ce de1 #abe lilies1 a common =m ( decoration1 #eb ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields1 #abi ,l9coln%ire1 #ie litt]1 ,grecian1 #bf2 ,roman1 #bi2 ,babylonian1 #cf2 m5tion$1 #cf1 #de1 #eb et seq41 #fi2 on :eels1 #di ,liv]pool1 #bea n4 ,livy1 #dj n4 ,lomb>dy1 #cc n4 ,london1 #dc1 #eg1 #fa1 #fi1 #gd1 #hf1 #hi1 #ij1 #ajj1 #ajb1 #aaa1 #abj1 #ace1 #acf1 #adc-ade1 #adi1 #afj1 #agf1 #ahi1 #aib1 #aif1 #baf1 #bba1 #bcf n41 #bda n41 #bdb1 #bde1 #bdf1 #bdh1 #bej1 #bec1 #bee1 #beh1 #bfb1 #bgg1 #bhj ,london ,spy1 ,!1 #aed ,longacre1 #ahi ,lonsdale1 ,e>l (1 #bgb1 #bge ,lords1 ,h\se (1 #aad ,l\is ,,ii1 ( ,hung>y1 #fe ,l\is ,,xiii1 #aba ,l\is ,,xv1 #aja ,l\t]ell ,psalt]1 #df1 #dh ,love 9 a ,wood1 #abb ,l[!r1 ,mr41 #abi ,loyd1 ,lady ,m>y1 #aec n4 ,lucas1 ,john1 coa*build]1 #bbb ,luttrell1 ,mr41 #aei ,lye1 #fc ,lyly1 ,john1 #eh ,lyon1 ,john1 #eg ,macaulay1 ,"l1 #fa ,macph]son1 #fh ,m',adam1 ,james1 #agh1 #ahe1 #bje ,madrid1 #aea1 #bjf mail-coa*1 #hi1 #acf1 #bje1 #bae1 #bah1 #bdj1 #bdb1 #bdf ,malv]n c>t1 #bce1 #bgi ,mann1 ,sir ,horace1 #ahe1 #aih ,mann]s1 ,h5ry1 #bnd ,e>l ( ,rutl&1 #gj2 #d? ,e>l ( ,rutl&1 #ga1 #hi ,manton1 #aia ,m>*1 ,e>l (1 #ahh1 #ahi ,m>co ,polo1 #cg ,m>etto1 ,giovanna ,batta1 #fi ,m>g>et1 daught] ( ,h5ry ,,vii1 #ec ,m>illi]1 ,h4 ,c41 #bha1 #bhc m>ket c>t1 ,wel%1 #bci ,m>kl&1 ,j4 ,h41 #ed1 #ajb ,m>tial1 #cf ,m>y1 ,que51 #ee1 #ga ,m>y de ,m$icis1 #ee ,massa*usetts1 #bgf ,mass+]1 ,philip1 #hc1 #hg n4 ,mat!w ( ,we/m9/]1 #ec 8,maypole10 ,!1 #hh ,megiddo1 battle (1 #ba ,meliadus1 le ,roman du ,roy1 #dh ,m5ange1 #fc ,m5%ik(1 #aec ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 #gi metal roads1 #bje ,mexico1 #bba ,middlesex ,election1 ,!1 #bac ,milan1 #ej1 #aaj ,mile ,end1 #di milord1 #bcc1 #bff ,milton1 ,rev4 ,william1 #bag1 #bah m9ibus1 #bdi ,mirabeau1 ,g4 ,h41 #bjh ,misson1 ,m41 #aab ,mod]n ,c>riages1 #bea n4 ,mod]n ,morn+1 ,a1 #aih ,molyneux1 ,mr41 #adb mon>*us1 #cb n4 ,monboddo1 ,"l1 #fj monks z roadmak]s1 #db ,monm\?1 ,duke (1 #abj ,montagu1 ,lady ,m4 ,w41 #aeb1 #afj ,montbrun1 ,m4 de1 #ii ,moore1 ,francis1 #aib1 #bej ,moore1 ,h5ry ,*>les1 #acf1 #bdf1 #bdi1 #bej n4 ,morgan1 ,messrs41 coa*build]s1 #bgc ,morison1 ,fynes1 #hi m\rn+ *>iot1 #aeg ,mu* ,ado ab\t ,no?+1 #bab ,murrey1 ,sir ,fr$]ick1 #aag ,muse ,cluny1 #fi ,my ,j\rnie1 #gd ,mysore1 ,mah>ajah (1 #bci ,nahum1 #bd ,naples1 #cc n41 #ej1 #adj1 #afj2 ,neapolitans1 !1 #hg ,napoleon1 #bjf ,n]o1 #cd ,new>k1 #ec ,new5ham1 #dc ,newm>ket1 #ahh ,newport c>t1 #bce ,new ,york1 #bc ,n9eveh1 #bd noddy1 #bch1 #bci ,nonesu*1 #gg ,norfolk1 #agh norimon1 #ajh ,norris1 ,sir ,john1 #ei ,nor?ampton1 #agf ,nor?ang] ,abbey1 #aii ,nor?umb]l&1 ,e>l (1 #fa ,norway1 #adj1 #bbd ,norwi*1 #gc ,norwi* c>t1 #bce ,nott1 ,dr41 #bcf ,numa1 #cc ,nuremb]g1 #ff ,okey1 ,mr41 #beb ,old5burgh1 ,c\nt (1 #aab ,oliv>ez1 ,duke (1 #aea omnibus1 #ach1 #afe1 #afi1 #bdg1 #beb et seq41 #bgb1 #bgi-bhb2 omnibus slice1 #bdi ,omnibuses & ,cabs1 #acfn41 #bdfn4 "o-horse c>s1 #bean4 ,onsl[1 ,colonel ,tommy 7,"l ,cranley71 #baa ,orators1 ,! ,female1 #aje ,orleans1 #aaj ,orsay1 ,c\nt ,d'1 #bgg ,o/5d1 #aaj ,ox=d1 ,"l1 #abb ,padd+ton1 #bdg1 #bec ,pale/9e1 #bd ,pall ,mall1 #acc ,palm]1 ,john1 #bje1 #bae1 #bda ,p>is1 #dd1 #eh1 #fi1 #ij1 #ii-aja1 #aji-aaa1 #abj1 #abg1 #acf1 #ach1 #afi1 #agbn41 #aih1 #bjg1 #bjh1 #bbf1 #bdd1 #bde1 #beb1 #bec1 #beh1 #bfb1 #bff1 #bha ,p>ma1 #abd ,pascal1 ,blaise1 #acf1 #ach ,pegge1 ,samuel1 #ia pegma1 #cb 1 #be ,p51 ,sir ,william1 #aah ,p5n1 ,william1 #bba ,pepys1 ,samuel1 #gd1 #aaa1 #aaf1 #aag1 #aah1 #abj1 #aba1 #abb1 #abe2 8 coa*1 #abf et seq42 ,mrs4 ,pepys1 #abg2 ,rog] ,pepys1 #acj p]ambulator1 #ajh p]*1 #aai p]i?ron1 #bgb ,p]u1 #bbj ,pet] ! ,great1 #aec ,pet] ! ,great1 #aecn4 ,pet]bor\gh1 ,lady1 #abj1 #aba ,pet]sburg1 #aec1 #bei ,pet]%am1 ,"l1 #bce ,petty1 ,sir ,william1 #adb ,petwor?1 #adi ,pfeiff]1 ,madame1 #bbc phaeton1 #cd1 #age1 #aib1 #aic1 #aie-aih1 #bjj1 #baj1 #bab1 #bad1 #bbg n41 #bbh n41 #bcd1 #bcg1 #bch1 #bdb1 #bfb1 #bfi1 #bge2 p]*-high phaeton1 #baa1 #bcd1 #bfi2 "o-horse phaeton1 #bab2 pony phaeton1 #bab1 #bfg2 spid] phaeton1 #bgj2 phaeton *aise1 #aii2 mail-phaeton1 #beg1 #bfi2 basket phaeton1 #beg1 #bgj2 demi-mail phaeton1 #bfi2 ,beau=t phaeton1 #bfi4 ,see also cab-phaeton ,phaeton1 ,! ,new ,fa%ion$1 #aib ,phaeton1 & ! ,"o ,horse ,*air1 ,!1 #aic ,phaetona1 or ,mod]n ,female ,ta/e1 #aig ,philip ! ,fair1 #dd ,phili/ia1 #bd 1 #bf1 #cf1 #hf ,piac5za1 #abd ,pick]+1 ,mr41 #aca ,pickwick1 #aje ,pi]ce1 ,sir ,h>ry1 #ig ,pi]s ! ,pl[man1 #db pil5tum1 #cb1 #cd1 #bcc1 #bga n4 ,pilk+ton1 ,george1 #ga ,p9*1 ! ,social1 #aje ,pius ,,iv1 ,pope1 #eh ,plane ,tru?1 #acb plau/rum1 #ca1 #cb1 #cc ,pl9y1 #cd plo/ellum1 #cb n4 ,pom]ania1 #ij ,pontife ,bro!rs1 #db ,portl&1 ,duke (1 #bgb ,portsm\?1 #adi ,portugal1 #bj1 #bce po/-*aise1 #cb n41 #afe1 #agj et seq41 #aih1 #bjj1 #bje1 #baj1 #bai1 #bbj1 #bca2 co/ (1 #baj2 po/-coa*1 #bjj2 po/-l&au1 #bjj po/ilion1 #bf1 #ca1 #dg1 #ej1 #hc1 #aac1 #aef1 #afh1 #aga1 #aij1 #aif1 #aii1 #bbj1 #bfj1 #bgj n41 #bge ,povey1 ,?omas1 #abf1 #abh1 #abi1 #ace ,pr9cess c>1 #bgi ,prior1 ,mat!w1 #aef ,procopius1 #bh ,provok$ ,husb&1 ,!1 #add ,prussia1 ,duke (1 #aah ,public ,adv]tis]1 #aha ,pult[a1 #bed ,pun*1 #bgj qu> obus1 #beb raft1 primitive1 #ah ,ralli c>1 #bgh ,rame1 ,m41 #fa1 #afi ,ramses ,,ii1 #aa1 #ba ra?1 #bga n4 ,rawor?1 ,rob]t1 #ib r$a1 #cb1 #ce2 r$a caball>ia1 #ec ,reject$ ,addresses1 #bad n4 ,reports on ,c>riages1 #bfb rib *air1 #bad1 #bce ,ri*>d ,,ii1 #db1 #dh1 #di1 #ec ,ri*mond1 ,du*ess ( 7,arabella ,/ew>t71 #adj n4 ,rippon1 ,walt]1 #gj1 #ga1 #gg roads1 #bh1 #dc1 #ef ,rob]tson1 coa*build]1 #bgc ,ro*ead1 ,mrs41 #ajf rockaway1 #bcf roll+-c>ts1 #aha1 #ahi2 roll]s us$1 #agi1 #ahj1 #aha1 #ahd1 #ahe ,rome1 #bh1 #bi1 #cb-cf1 #abc1 #abd1 #baa ,ros5crantz1 ,b>on1 #aij ,ross-%ire1 #aje ,ro?s*ild1 ,b>on1 #bfg ,r\ans1 ,duc de1 #acf ,r\bo1 ,m41 #aba ,r\51 #bgj n4 ,r\l&1 ,rog]1 #dh r\lette4 ,see br\ette4 ,r[e1 ,james1 #aff ,royal ,society1 #aaf1 #aag1 #adb ,russia1 #aec1 #bbc ,rutl&1 ,e>l (4 ,see ,mann]s ,ryly1 8embrod]]10 #gh ,sa9t ,james's1 #ajd1 #aje #aij ,salisbury ,c\rt1 #acj ,salv>d1 ,"l ( ,r\sillon1 #ej ,samuel1 ,sir ,m>cus1 #bfj ,s>danapalus1 #hb s>racum1 #ca-cc ,saxony1 ,elector (1 #eg ,s*5ectady1 #bcf ,scotl&1 #hg1 #ij1 #aaj1 #adc1 #afa1 #afb1 #bbj ,scott1 ,sir ,walt]1 #afg1 #afh ,screv51 ,?omas1 #gf1 #gg ,scy!s us$ = *>iots1 #cj1 #ci1 #dj n4 ,scy?ian c>t1 #cg ,s$an1 #he1 #ie ,s$an c>t1 #ajj ,s$an *air4 ,see *air ,s$anny1 #ie ,sefton1 ,e>l (1 #bfe sella1 #cf2 sella portatoria1 #cg2 sella muliebris1 #cg ,selwyn1 ,george1 #ajb ,s5eca1 #cj1 #ca ,s5tim5tal ,j\rney1 #aga ,%akespe>e1 ,william1 #hh n4 ,%>pe1 ,james1 #aha1 #ahd1 #ahe %ay1 #adj1 #bba1 #bbb1 #bdf %aze4 ,see *aise ,%illibe]1 ,george1 #bec1 #bed1 #bhj ,%ippon1 ,g5]al1 #ee ,%oot]'s ,hill1 #aag ,sidney1 ,sir ,philip1 #ei ,siegmund1 ,b>on de ,h]b]/e91 #fe ,s9clair1 ,sir ,john1 #bag six-:eel$ c>riage1 #bcg ,sket*es by ,boz1 #bdb ,sket*es ( ,engli% ,society1 #aje 4 ,see sl$1 #ah n4 sl$ge1 #ah1 #aga1 #bbd1 #bbe sleigh1 #ah n41 #bgf slid+ body1 #bce ,smi?1 ,horace1 #bad n4 ,smi?1 ,sir ,sidney1 #bcg ,smi?field1 #aca1 #aih sociable1 #bf1 #adg1 #bac1 #beg2 public sociable1 #bcf ,society ( ,arts & ,sci5ces1 #ahe ,soissons1 ,duc de1 #abe ,soliman1 ,emp]or ( ,turkey1 #fc ,solomon1 #bd ,som]set ,h\se1 #aei ,sophia1 #aeb ,s\lt1 ,m>%al1 #beh ,s\r*es1 ,m>quis de1 #acf ,s\?ampton1 #baf1 #bfg ,s\?ampton1 ,c\ntess (1 #gf ,s\? ,k5s+ton1 #adj1 #bjf1 #bjg1 #bbe ,spa91 #fb1 #fi1 #hf1 #hh1 #aba1 #abe1 #aea1 #afe1 #afi1 #agj2 ,k+ (1 #afi ,speak]1 ,mr41 #aac2 8 coa* & privileges1 #aac1 #aad ,spectator1 ,!1 #aea ,sp5s]1 ,edmund1 #fb n4 spr+s1 /eel1 fir/ appli$ to br\ette1 #ajj2 ,knapp's pat5t1 #aae1 #bje1 #bbg n41 #bbh n4 ,squyr ( ,l[ ,degree1 ,!1 #eb ,/af=d1 ,"l1 #hh1 #ia /age-coa*1 #hi1 #abc1 #ace1 #acf1 #add1 #afg1 #ahb1 #ahc1 #bje1 #bad-bah1 #bbb1 #bbg n4 ,/age-,coa* & ,mail 9 ,days ( ,yore1 #ace n41 #bae n4 ,/age-,coa*es1 ,! ,dang]s ( ,travell+ 91 #bag n4 /age-waggon1 #hi1 #bbb ,/anhope1 ,hon4 ,philip1 #bce /anhope1 #bce1 #bge2 /anhope phaeton1 #beg1 #bfi ,/aple ( ,news1 #gi /ate coa*1 #abc-abe1 #aei1 #ahf1 #ahh1 #beg2 ( ,great ,brita91 #ahe et seq42 ,"l ,mayor's1 #ahh /ation wagon1 #bge /eam-c>riage1 #bee ,/eele1 ,sir ,ri*>d1 #ajc1 #afj ,/]ne1 ,lawr5ce1 #aga1 #agb ,/op=d1 ,mrs4 ,diana1 #ig ,/[e1 ,john1 #dh1 #gj1 #ge ,/r&1 !1 #hh1 #ib1 #ahe ,/rat=d-le-b[e1 #hd ,/ratton1 ,ezra ,n41 #ah n41 #ba n41 #bb n41 #bc n41 #cb n41 #ej n41 #bbj1 #bbd1 #bfg ,/rogon(f1 ,c\nt1 #bei ,/rutt1 #df ,suetonius1 #cg suicide gig1 #bad sulky1 #baj1 #bcf1 #bgc surrey1 #bge susp5sion1 e>ly attempts at1 #ce1 #df1 #fd2 new ideas on1 #fg1 #gg ,susp5sion ( ,road ,c>riages1 #bgf n4 ,sutton1 f\nd] ( ! ,*>t]h\se1 #eg sw+-poles1 #cd ,sw9/ead ,abbey1 #ec ,switz]l&1 #bbd1 #bgc ,syria1 #bd ,taaff1 ,!obald1 #ahh talc us$ = w9d[s1 #cf1 #aba1 #aed t&em c>t1 #bce1 #bgh t>anta1 #bbc1 #bbd ,t>qu91 #cc ,t>t> c>riage1 #cg ,tatl]1 ,!1 #ajc1 #afj ,taur9um1 #fe tax on coa*es1 #agc1 #agd ,taylor1 ,john1 #ei1 #fj1 #fe1 #fi1 #gj1 #gc1 #ge1 #gh-hj1 #hb-hd1 #ij ,t-c>t1 #bfi tela%ka1 #bbd teleka1 #bbd ,temple1 ,!1 #aca2 ,temple ,b>1 #afe ,?iefe1 ,!1 #hc ,?orpe1 ,john1 #aii ?ree-:eel$ c>riage1 #bcf2 -- cab1 #bcf n4 ,?rupp1 ,g4 ,a41 #bd1 #bg1 #ce1 #dj1 #eb1 #ff1 #fg1 #fi1 #aai1 #abj n41 #abd1 #adj1 #agj1 #ahe1 #bjf1 #bbi1 #bcb1 #beg1 #beh1 #bfh1 #bgb1 #bgc1 #bge ,?urloe1 ,mr4 ,secret>y1 #aab ,?utmose ,,iii1 #ba 8tig]10 !1 #bgg ,tilbury1 coa*build]1 #bcd1 #bce tilbury1 #bbg n41 #bbh n41 #bcd1 #bce1 #bdb ,timoleon1 #bg tim-:isky1 #ahb tonga1 #bgi ,t\l\se1 #aci ,t[] ( ,london1 #di1 #ee n41 #hd ,t[n ,c\ntry ,magaz9e1 #aig tra9eau1 #aga ,travell+1 ,pa/ & ,pres5t1 ,a ,book ab\t1 #hd n4 treckscuyt1 #aga ,treves1 #ca tribus1 #beb ,tri/ram ,%&y1 #aga ,tron ,*ur*1 #ajf ,trull1 ,john1 #agj tub-bodi$ gig1 #bcf ,tuil]ies1 ,!1 #aaj ,tu ,quoque1 #hc ,turkey1 #aae1 #aeb ,turn]1 ,mr41 #acj turnpikes1 #agi ,tuscany1 ,gr& ,duke (1 #ajb2 ,lady ,m>g>et (1 #abc ,tussaud's exhibition1 #bjf ,tw9+1 ,?omas1 #bbb ,tyl]1 ,wat1 #dh tympanum1 #cb ,utre*t1 ,peace (1 #aea ,vanaigrette4 ,see br\ette ,vanbrugh1 ,sir ,john1 #add ,v5ice1 #ajb n4 ,v]ona1 #fg1 #fi ,vic1 ,sir ,h5ry de1 #aaj ,victoria1 ,que51 #bje1 #bab1 #bee1 #beh1 #bfa1 #bfg victoria1 #bab1 #bcd1 #bfd1 #bff-bfh ,vidl]1 coa*build]1 #bfa ,vi5na1 #aai1 #bjf1 #bff1 #bfg vig\reux1 #afi vis--vis1 #aai1 #ada1 #agb1 #bjg1 #baj volante1 #adj1 #bcf ,voyages & ,discov]ies1 ,collection (1 #ajg ,waade1 ,sir ,william1 #hd ,wa*t51 #fc waggon1 primitive1 #bj2 ,roman1 #cb1 #ahj2 wagon1 ,am]ican1 #bgc waggonette1 #beg1 #bgb1 #bgc1 #bgi2 ,portl& waggonette1 #bgb2 ,lonsdale waggonette1 #bgb ,wales1 #bci ,wales1 ,pr9cess ( 7,que5 ,alex&ra71 #bfg ,waliszewski1 ,k41 #ec ,walla*ia1 #ce ,walpole1 ,horace1 #adg1 #adh1 #ahe1 #ahf1 #aih ,wals+ham ,h\se1 #gg ,w>d1 ,n$1 #aed1 #afc-afe ,w>r51 ,sir ,william1 #acj ,w>ton1 ,?omas1 #aic ,w>wick1 #gb ,waude1 coa*build]1 #bfa ,weld1 ,isaac1 #bbb ,we/m9/]1 #dc1 #ee n41 #ij2 ,we/m9/] ,bridge1 #aif ,we/morl&1 #eg1 #bgb :eel1 primitive1 #ag1 #ai2 h[ made1 #bj2 ,egyptian1 #bd2 w> ( ! 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