,,fi%+ ,,) ,,float+ ,,flies ,,fi%+ ,,) ,,float+ ,,flies ,,by ,,samuel ,g4 ,,camp ,,au?or ,,( ,,fi%+ ,,kits ,,& ,,equipm5t1 ,,f9e ,,art ,,( ,,fi%+1 ,,etc ,,out+ ,,h&books ,illu/ration ,,new ,,york ,,out+ ,,publi%+ ,,company ,,mcmxiii ,,copyright1 #aiac1 ,,by ,,out+ ,,publi%+ ,,company ,all rights res]v$ ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,matt] ,,( ,,equipm5t #i ,,ii4 ,,! ,,fly ,,rod #bb ,,iii4 ,,! ,,reel1 ,,l9e ,,& ,,flies #cf ,,iv4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,ca/ ,,! ,,float+ ,,fly #ee ,v4 ,,:]e ,,& ,,:5 ,,to ,,use ,,! ,,float+ ,,fly #fh ,,vi4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,fi% ,,! ,,float+ ,,fly #hj ,,vii4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,fi% ,,! ,,float+ ,,fly1 ,,cont9u$ #ic ,,viii4 ,,insects ,,( ,,! ,,tr\t ,,/ream #ajg ,,fi%+ ,,) ,,float+ ,,flies ,,fi%+ ,,) ,,float+ ,,flies ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,matt] ,,( ,,equipm5t ,no man kn[s1 or ev] w "k1 ! art ( fly-fi%+ 9 its entirety1 & ! pres5t writ] is f> f claim+ omnisci5ce 9 ! matt]4 ,:]e=e ! fact may well be emphasiz$ t ! foll[+ pages are n int5d$ = ! exp]t--! season$ angl] skill$ 9 wet1 dry1 & mid-wat] fly-fi%+--b1 r1 = ! beg9n] at ! sport ( fi%+ ) float+ flies & = ! novice :o may take up fly-fi%+ ) ! purpose ( ultimately employ+ ! dry fly4 ,at ! outset1 be=e go+ into ! details ( ! dry fly ca/]'s equipm5t & me?ods1 x w\ld seem necess>y to outl9e c]ta9 g5]al phases ( ! subject ) special ref]5ce to ! enlight5m5t ( ! v]itable beg9n] at dry or wet fly fi%+1 & also ) reg>d to ! pres5t /atus ( ! sport ( dry fly ca/+ practic$ ^u ,am]ican wat]s4 ,am]ican dry fly fi%+ may be def9$ briefly z ! art ( display+ to ! tr\t a s+le artificial fly float+ ^u ! surface ( ! /ream 9 ! exact mann] ( ! natural insect4 ,^u occasions1 some:at r>e1 inde$1 b nev]!less ( suffici5t frequ5cy to r5d] ! fact notewor?y1 ! ,am]ican dry fly man ca/s consci\sly to a ris+ & fe$+ tr\t--! inv>iable cu/om ( ! ,engli% dry fly puri/4 ,on ! tr\t /reams ( ?is c\ntry1 h[ev]1 ! or?odox mann] ( fi%+ ! float+ fly is to fi% all ! wat] z :5 wet fly ca/+4 ,9 ,am]ica1 ow+ to ! fact t ! dry fly angl] fi%es ! wat] & n ! rise1 wet & dry fly fi%+ are f> m closely relat$ ?an is ! case 9 ,engl& :]e ! or?odox sportsman /alks ! tr\t1 ca/+ exclusively to a ris+ & fe$+ fi%2 f ?is x may be easily d$uc$ t mu* ( ! foll[+ discussion on ! subject ( fi%+ ) float+ flies is--9 ! v nature ( ?+s mu/ be--equally applicable to ei!r dry or wet fly fi%+4 ,moreov]1 angl+ conditions are su* 9 ?is c\ntry t ! fly-fi%]man to be consi/5tly successful _c rely solely ^u ei!r "o me?od or ! o!r--he %\ld be passably exp]t ) ei!r ! dry or ! wet fly1 employ+ "o or ! o!r z conditions w>rant or ! occasion r5d]s imp]ative4 ,dry fly fi%+ conditions "h & 9 ,engl& are q dissimil>4 ,! ,engli% dry fly speciali/ foll[s 8 sport1 9 g5]al1 ^u ! g9-cle>1 quiet *alk /reams2 sl[1 placid riv]s1 pres]v$ wat]s artificially /ock$ ) br[n tr\t 7,salmo f>io71 & h>d-fi%$ by ! own]s or lessees4 ,! op5 season is a long "o1 ext5d+1 tak+ an av]age1 f e>ly 9 ! spr+1 ab\t ! fir/ ( ,m>*1 to ! fir/ ( ,octob]2 & z a consequ5ce ( ! /eady & h>d fi%+ ! tr\t naturally become v %y & sophi/icat$4 ,ow+ to ! placidity ( ! /reams ! rise ( a tr\t is n difficult to detect1 & x seems to pay be/ to ca/ to a s+le tr\t actually kn[n to be on ! rise & fe$+ r ?an to fi% all ! wat] on ! pr9ciple ( *uck-&-*ance-x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,am]ican fly-ca/] l>gely enjoys 8 sport ^u ! tr\t /reams ( ! woods or wild]ness2 erratic riv]s ) curr5t alt]nat+ betwe5 swift & sl[1 brok5 wat] & smoo?1 rapid & wat]fall1 deep pool & %all[ riffle4 ,:ile insect life is n1 ( c\rse1 abs5t1 "o c actually foll[ su* a /ream = days )\t obs]v+ ! rise ( a fe$+ tr\t1 al?\gh1 z not$ above1 sometimes a ris+ fi% w1 ( c\rse1 be se52 b seldom w a suffici5t numb] be obs]v$ to w>rant ! angl]'s rely+ exclusively ^u ca/+ to ! rise4 ,t1 inde$1 ^u ! av]age tr\t /ream ( ?is c\ntry1 ! well-*os5 & clev]ly ca/ float+ fly has its place has be5 amply prov$ by ! exp]i5ce ( _m angl]s4 ,^u ! typical wild]ness tr\t /ream1 :]e ! fi% are bo? v abundant & totally un$ucat$1 dry fly fi%+ w\ld be 9 ! nature ( a f>ce--al?\gh d\btless successful 9 view ( ! fact t ! wild tr\t ( su* a /ream w rise to almo/ any?+ *uck$ almo/ anyh[4 ,b ! av]age ,am]ican tr\t /ream may n[ be class$ z a civiliz$ /ream1 & x is ^u su* wat]s t ! dry fly has prov$ its wor? by succe$+ "t & aga91 "u c]ta9 conditions1 :5 ! wet fly has fail$4 ,! conditions "u :i* ! balance ( probable success is on ! side ( ! dry fly & aga9/ ! wet w be m p>ticul>ly detail$ 9 succe$+ *apt]s2 9 g5]al1 x may be said t ! angl] :o fi%es l>gely ^u h>d-fi%$ public /reams--& t means ! great majority ( fly-fi%]m5--:]e mu* :ipp+ & wad+ ( ! /ream by all sorts & conditions ( fi%]m51 good1 bad1 & indiff]5t1 h r5d]$ ! tr\t wise 9 _! g5]ation1 _c well af=d to ov]look ! possibilities ( ! float+ fly4 ,9 su* /reams ! tr\t only ^u r>e occasions are af=d$ ! opportunity ( see+ a s+le artificial fly1 s+ul>ly lifelike 9 appe>ance1 cock$ & float+ 9 a natural way ^u ! surface--& !y w rise to su* a fly1 if clev]ly plac$ on ! wat] 9 su* a mann] z n to ar\se suspicion1 :5 a drag ( two or m wet flies w\ld only s]ve to set !m d[n /ill m ob/9ately4 ,p>5!tically1 9 ?is connection1 9 view ( ! fact t fi%+ ) ! dry fly is beyond d\bt a v successful me?od ( tak+ tr\t :5 or :]e o!r me?ods may h fail$1 x %\ld be obvi\s--to put ! matt] on a /rictly practical basis--t ! assumption ( an holi] ?an ?\ relation by ! dry fly en?usia/ t[>d 8 bro!r ( ! wet fly1 on ! gr\nd t dry fly fi%+ is m sportsmanlike1 is1 to say ! lea/1 some:at illogical4 ,surely !re is little virtue 9 ! resort to & employm5t ( an angl+ me?od ( prov$ deadl9ess "u conditions :i* at ! "t r5d] ! sunk5 fly h>mless--h[ev]1 we are n "h conc]n$ ) ! e?ics ( ! matt]4 ,b dry fly ca/+ does1 inde$1 call = a high degree ( skill on ! "p ( ! angl]1 bo? 9 ca/+ & fi%+ ! fly2 additionally1 x is imp]ative t "o %\ld be famili> ) ! be/ !re is 9 fi%+ tackle & "k mu* ab\t ! habits ( ! tr\t & ( /ream-life 9 g5]al4 ,9 a ^w1 ! cu/om>y r\gh-&-ready equipm5t ( ! av]age desultory fly-ca/] w n d--nor w ! ord9>y unref9$ & casual me?ods ( ! av]age wet fly fi%]man4 ,to succe$ ) ! dry fly1 ! wet fly fi%]man ( av]age skill mu/ /udy to become /ill m pr(ici5t2 ! v]itable novice at fly fi%+ = tr\t %\ld1 x w\ld seem1 fir/ become fairly adept ) ! wet fly be=e go+ on to ! f9]-drawn art ( dry fly ca/+4 ,!re=e successful dry fly fi%+1 z done 9 ,am]ica1 is pr$icat$ ^u a ?or\gh k ( ! craft ( ! wet fly fi%]4 ,! beg9n] at fly-fi%+ mu/ /rive to become a fir/-rate fly-ca/]--to ca/ a light & accurate fly1 n necess>ily a long l9e4 ,he mu/ /udy fi%+ tackle 9 ord] to "k ! tools be/ suit$ to ! sport "u normal conditions1 & also "u ! conditions z he f9ds !m4 ,he mu/ famili>ize himself by mu* actual /ream exp]i5ce ) ! habits ( ! tr\t--le>n to read a tr\t /ream z ano!r man might read a book4 ,moreov]1 he %\ld cultivate ! p[] ( obs]vation & apply x con/antly to /ream-life 9 g5]al & ! insect life ( ! /ream 9 p>ticul>4 ,! correct fundam5tal !ory ( fly-fi%+ = tr\t1 ) ei!r wet or dry flies1 consi/s 9 ! close/ possible simulation1 by means ( an artificial fly1 ( ! =m1 coloration1 & action ( "s natural insect !n ^u ! wat] & ^u :i* ! tr\t are fe$+4 ,9 ,engl& ?is !ory has always be5 v closely foll[$ by exp]t fly-fi%]m51 al?\gh ov] !re1 z 9 ?is c\ntry1 v>i\s fancy flies--n dress$ to c\nt]feit any c]ta9 natural fly--h long be5 9 successful use4 ,9 ,engl& x is ! cu/om ( _m good fly-fi%]s :o are also skillful fly-ti]s1 to take ) !m to ! /ream a small kit ( fly dress+ mat]ials & to tie at ! /ream-side correct imitations ( ! natural flies !n ^u ! wat]4 ,! ,am]ican fly-fi%]man1 speak+ ( ! class g5]ally1 has nev] foll[$ ! !ory ( exact imitation ( nature 9 ! selection ( 8 tr\t flies4 ,! l>g] "p ( our s-call$ ,am]ican tr\t fly patt]ns are actually ( ,engli% orig91 & 7 introduc$ to ! wat]s ( ?is c\ntry ?r\gh ! m$ium ( our fir/ pr(essional fly-ti]s1 ,engli%m5 & ,scot*m51 :o1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 aft] com+ to ?is c\ntry1 cont9u$ to dress ! patt]ns ) :i* !y 7 famili>4 ,a c]ta9 few ( our mo/ fam\s artificial flies are1 inde$1 ( ,am]ican inv5tion--flies su* z ! ,se? ,gre51 ,reub5 ,wood1 ,p>ma*5ee ,belle1 ,imbrie1 ,b>r+ton1 & a few o!rs4 ,o!r patt]ns1 s famili> to ! fly-fi%]m5 ( ?is c\ntry t ! fact t !y are n ( ,am]ican orig9 seems v /range1 are ! coa*man1 grizzly k+1 ,montreal 7,canadian71 ,cahill1 gov]nor1 c[dung1 silv] doctor1 ,beav]kill--9 fact1 ne>ly all ( our mo/ kill+ & widely kn[n patt]ns4 ,reg>d+ ! ,beav]kill1 ! "n ( :i* is s sugge/ively ,am]ican to "o at all famili> ) ! tr\t /reams ( ! ,ea/1 x might be well to amplify to "s ext5t1 z ,i am sure _m angl]s w\ld o!rwise take exception to ! /atem5t t ?is fly is ( ,engli% orig94 ,9 ,famili> ,flies1 by ,m>y ,orvis ,m>bury--an invaluable book = ! fly-fi%]man--x is relat$ t an ,am]ican angl]1 fi%+ "o day ) a ca/ ( ?ree ,engli% flies1 _h p>ticul>ly good luck ) a c]ta9 "o ( ! ?ree1 & subsequ5tly _h ! patt]n copi$ by ! fam\s old-"t fly-ti]1 ,h>ry ,prit*>d4 ,at t "t ! fly 0 *ri/5$ ! ,beav]kill1 x be+ evid5t1 f ! facts z /at$1 t ! ,engli% "n ( ! patt]n 0 unkn[n to ! p>ties4 ,f ! /ory z told 9 ,famili> ,flies x may be ga!r$ t ev5 ! p]sons :o introduc$ ! ,beav]kill to ,am]ican wat]s 9 "t lo/ sight ( ! fact t ! fly 0 orig9ally dress$ aft] an import$ model4 ,p]sonally1 ,i am sure t ! ,beav]kill is none o!r ?an ! silv] s$ge1 a well-kn[n ,engli% patt]n us$ frequ5tly 9 bo? wet & dry fly fi%+1 & ,i am c]ta9 t anyone :o w take ! tr\ble to comp>e ! two flies side by side w q agree ) me4 ,z to ! basic pr9ciple ( tr\t fly-fi%+1 t ( approximat+ ) ! utmo/ fidelity1 9 ! dress+ & manipulation ( ! artificial fly1 ! %ade1 %ape1 & movem5t ( ! natural fly1 v>i\s s*ools h aris5 f "t to "t 9 advocacy ( ! great] importance ( coloration z comp>$ to size & %ape 7)9 reasonable limits1 ( c\rse71 or1 aga91 ( ! action imp>t$ to ! artificial fly z comp>$ ) its coloration1 size1 or =m4 ,into matt]s ( ?is sort x is ne$less to ent] "h4 ,! practical1 common-s5se po9t ( view w\ld seem to be t nei!r ! prop] color nor ! correct imitative action ( ! artificial fly c safely be disreg>d$ by ! angl]2 moreov]1 ! size & ! %ape ( ! artificial1 v>i$ to suit ! occasion1 are factors ( great importance4 ,by ! skilful employm5t ( ! mod]n tackle & me?ods ( ! dry fly ca/] ! angl] approa*es v closely to ! ideal pr9ciple ( 8 craft--exact imitation ( nature4 ,recall+ a =ego+ /atem5t to ! effect t ! ,am]ican fly-ca/]1 9 g5]al1 has n to any s]i\s ext5t foll[$ ! !ory ( exact imitation ( nature2 moreov]1 9 view ( ! fact t practically no artificial flies are to be _h dress$ 9 imitation ( ! native insects common to our tr\t wat]s1 x %\ld be obvi\s t ! dry fly ca/] mu/ cont9ue to rely ^u artificials ( ,engli% patt]n or manufacture4 ,x is a fact1 h[ev]1 t x is possible1 provid$ y\r fly book is passably well fill$ ) v>i\s patt]ns1 to approximate v closely ! appe>ance ( _m ( ! natural insects y w see ^u ! wat]4 ,fur!rmore1 9 view ( ?is /ate ( affairs1 x w\ld seem be/ to avoid at ?is "t any l5g?y ref]5ce to ! entomology ( ! tr\t /ream1 z lead+ only to confusion worse conf\nd$--!re is an in/ant & imp]ative ne$ ( an au?oritative ,am]ican fly-fi%+ entomology & ( a fairly compreh5sive s]ies ( artificial flies1 dry & wet1 dress$ 9 imitation ( ! native insects common to our /reams & ^u :i* our tr\t are kn[n to fe$2 until ^! are available we mu/ adapt ! means at h& to ! end desir$4 ,9 ?is connection1 h[ev]1 x %\ld be not$ t x is n /rictly necess>y = success t ! angl] at all times use an exact copy ( a natural fly--witness ! wide employm5t ( v>i\s fancy patt]ns bo? "h & abroad1 & ! fur!r fact t our native tr\t are /ill =tunately r less discrim9at+ 9 ! matt] ( ris+ to ! artificial fly ?an ! br[n tr\t ( ,engl&4 ,! selection ( ! prop] tackle = dry fly fi%+ is obvi\sly dep5d5t ^u a ?or\gh k ( ! mann] 9 :i* x is to be us$4 ,possibly x is unnecess>y to say t ! dry fly ca/] inv>iably works up/ream1 ca/+1 pref]ably1 up/ream & slightly across ! curr5t1 & t betwe5 ca/s x is g5]ally necess>y to dry ! fly by sev]al false ca/s1 t is1 )\t all[+ ! fly to t\* ! wat]4 ,to ! fly-fi%]man ( any exp]i5ce x %\ld be v pla9 t a fir/-class fly-rod & a skill$ wri/ are some:at ess5tial4 ,moreov]1 ! dry fly man works l>gely1 al?\gh n exclusively1 on ! /ill pools & quiet rea*es1 :]e only ! be/ ( tackle1 h&l$ ) a m ?an mod]ate degree ( skill & c>e1 c produce consi/5t results4 ,fur!rmore1 no little skill mu/ be ex]cis$ by ! angl] 9 ord] prop]ly to manipulate1 or fi%1 ! s+le float] :5 ! ca/ has be5 made & ! fly is ^u ! wat]1 x mu/ be all[$ to float naturally d[n/ream 9 ! mann] ( ! natural fly "u l circum/ances4 ,all ( :i* s\nds p]haps n s v difficult1 b1 9 practice1 ! op]ation really has complications ( :i* ! tyro little dreams4 ,x is true t a dry fly possesses a c]ta9 degree ( buoyancy1 b if bungl+ly ca/ & subsequ5tly awkw>dly manipulat$1 ! fly is soon dr[n$1 drawn "u wat] by ! weight ( a c>elessly slack l9e or f "s o!r cause really1 z a rule1 prev5table by ! c>eful & skill$ rod-h&l]4 ,inde$1 ! difficulties ( clean-cut dry fly-ca/+ are su* t ev5 an exp]t ca/] c d little ) a poor equipm5t2 ! beg9n]1 !re=e1 %\ld be extremely c>eful 9 ! selection ( 8 tackle4 ,! disappo9tm5ts & difficulties ( ! game are q num]\s en\gh )\t />t+ 9 ) ! v s]i\s h&icap ( a poorly adapt$ outfit4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! ,,fly ,,rod ,x w\ld seem t ! t5tative dry fly ca/] _c too c>efully consid] ! details ( ! rod :i* he w use 9 ! pursuit ( ! sport4 ,! majority ( angl]s _c well af=d a batt]y ( fly-rods2 moreov]1 !re is no m>ket = us$ fi%+ rods1 z 9 ! case ( fire>ms1 s t if ! rod proves unsatisfactory x _c be got rid ( unless "o practically gives x away4 ,x is claim$ t1 9 "t1 an angl] w gr[ to any sort ( rod1 reg>dless ( its unfitness to him p]sonally or ( inh]5t fault9ess 9 "s respect2 possibly ?is is true4 ,pati5ce is1 inde$1 a virtue possess$ by _m good fi%]m51 b1 9 ?is in/ance1 x is safe to say t n "o fly-ca/] 9 tw5ty c br+ himself to ! cont9u$ use ( a rod f :i* he d]ives no pleasure & :i* actually h&icaps him on ! /ream4 ,! dem&s ( dry fly ca/+ on ! rod are exact+ 9 ! extreme4 ,on a riv] :]e !re is mu* dry fly wat] probably ! rod does d\ble ! am\nt ( "w requir$ ( ! wet fly rod2 ! ne$ ( cont9ually dry+ ! fly by false ca/+ keeps ! rod 9 almo/ con/ant action4 ,if ! rod is unsuitable 9 l5g?1 balance1 or 9 "s o!r detail ( con/ruction1 ?is cont9ual :ipp+ 9 ca/+ & dry+ ! fly is any?+ b enjoyable4 ,if ! rod is really poorly con/ruct$1 ( poor mat]ial1 & ?r[n toge!r r ?an pa9/ak+ly fitt$1 a few h\rs ( dry fly "w w surely br+ ab\t its relegation to ! scrap-heap--:]e1 inde$1 x belong$ 9 ! fir/ place4 ,! selection ( ! rod = dry fly "w1 !n1 %\ld be made ) delib]ation & bas$ ^u ! be/ in=mation obta9able4 ,9 ?is connection x may be not$ t x is ! fa%ion ) a c]ta9 class ( sportsm5 to consid] ! pur*ase ( a fly-rod :i*1 relatively1 may be t]m$ an exp5sive "o1 simply a fooli% wa/e ( money & entirely a matt] ( pret5se & affectation4 ,usually ?is op9ion is :olly ! result ( mis9=mation & lack ( exp]i5ce4 ,no angl] :o ev] _h ! pleasure ( a day's fi%+ ) a fir/-class fly-rod--provid$1 initially1 he possess$ suffici5t skill & exp]i5ce to ?or\ghly appreciate ! revelation1 = ! action ( su* a rod is1 inde$1 a revelation to "o accu/om$ to ! use ( an inf]ior article--ev] will+ly return$ to ! use ( ! make%ift rod ) :i* p]haps he _h !ret(ore be5 cont5t$4 ,! pur*as] ( a %otgun is usually aw>e ( ! fact t beyond a c]ta9 limit1 v>y+ ) guns by diff]5t mak]s1 he is pay+ = f9i% pure & simple--n = practical %oot+ effici5cy 9 ! weapon4 ,b 9 ! case ( ! fly-rod ?is is n true--) due def]5ce to ! op9ion ( ! man :o holds o!rwise1 simply1 ,i am sure1 because he has yet to ca/ a fly ) a g5u9e fly-rod4 ,all ?is1 ( c\rse1 )9 reason2 x %\ld be manife/ t a m]ely highly ornate rod spells increas$ co/ )\t return 9 practical ca/+ & fi%+ value4 ,h[ev]1 ! g+]bread fly-rod is s r>e t x may safely be disreg>d$ z a factor 9 ! pres5t discussion--also1 p>5!tically1 z a factor 9 ! day's score on ! tr\t /ream4 ,r$uc+ ! matt] to ! practical doll>s-&-c5ts basis1 x may be said 9 all tru?fulness t up to ?irty doll>s1 tak+ an av]age ( fly-rods by diff]5t mak]s1 e additional doll> sp5t on ! rod inevitably means a comm5surate increase 9 ! rod's effici5cy1 s]viceability1 & all-r\nd desirability4 ,b :ile no exp]i5c$ fly-ca/] w\ld1 ,i believe1 take exception to ! above1 x /ill rema9s to be said t if economy is1 inde$1 an object--& t x is may usually be tak5 = grant$--a v good rod1 q satisfactory 9 action1 hang1 & g5]al con/ruction1 may be obta9$ = half ! above am\nt plus "s little discretion 9 its pur*ase4 ,:]e=e1 = ! b5efit ( ! sportsman :o is will+ to grant t only ! be/ ( tools are suit$ to ! purpose ( ! fly-ca/]1 & p>ticul>ly to ! "w ( ! dry fly man1 b :o1 nev]!less1 wi%es to obta9 8 outfit ) ! lea/ exp5diture comm5surate ) real effici5cy 9 ! equipm5t1 x w\ld seem desirable to describe briefly ! *>act]i/ics ( a fir/-class fly-rod4 ,to ! "q1 ,exactly :at con/itutes a really effici5t & satisfactory rod = dry fly-fi%+8 n9ety-n9e out ( "o hundr$ exp]t & exp]i5c$ fly-fi%]m5--m5 :o h be5 ?r\gh ! mill1 & s f> z ! rod is conc]n$1 pass$ ! exp]im5tal /age ( ! game--w\ld1 ,i believe1 answ] at once1 ) ! utmo/ confid5ce1 practically z foll[s3 ,a rod con/ruct$ by h&1 by an exp]i5c$ rod-mak]1 ( ?or\ghly season$ & c>efully-select$ split-bamboo1 9 six /rips2 9 l5g? suit$ to ! "* ( ! wat] & ! fi%+ ^u & = :i* x w be us$1 hav+ good balance 7n heavy 9 or out ( h&71 /r5g?1 adequate ca/+ p[] toge!r ) a pleasant & resili5t action1 a spe$y n a sl[ rod1 n too pliant nor too /iff1 &1 f9ally1 beyond reproa* 9 ! matt] ( guides1 w9d+s1 h&grasp mat]ial1 f]rules1 & s on4 ,! sportsman famili> ) ! div]sity ( fi%+-rod mat]ials w at once note ! impli$ elim9ation ( rods con/ruct$ ( ! v>i\s solid woods1 su* z be?ab>a1 gre5he>t1 lancewood1 dagama1 & o!rs1 z well z ( split-cane rods ( o!r ?an six-/rip con/ruction1 su* z ! eight-/rip1 /eel-c5t]$1 d\ble-built1 & s on4 ,x is n my purpose to consid] at l5g? hi/orically1 !oretically1 or practically1 ! matt] ( fi%+-rod mat]ials z comp>$ "o ) ! o!r--matt]s q fully discuss$ 9 my volume on ,fi%+ ,kits & ,equipm5t4 ,r x seems be/ to /ate once & = all t pa/ exp]i5ce has prov$ & pres5t use s]ves only to emphasize ! fact t !re is no bett] fly-rod1 all ?+s consid]$1 = ! tr\t fly-fi%]man ?an ! "o ( six /rips ( cane1 r5t f ! :ole cane1 c>efully fa%ion$ by h& & assembl$ ) skill4 ,( ! solid wood fly-rods x is g5]ally believ$ t be?ab>a 7wa%aba1 noibwood7 is ! be/4 ,my own exp]i5ce ) ?is mat]ial has be5 su* t ,i _c discuss x ) any great en?usiasm4 ,gre5he>t is l>gely us$ 9 ,engl& = all sorts ( fi%+-rods1 b ov] !re1 also1 ! split-cane rod is conc$$ fir/ place = ! tr\t fly-rod1 & is con/antly increas+ 9 use4 ,p>5!tically1 ! pres5t tr5d ( ,engli% angl]s is t[>d ! use ( %ort] & light] rods ( ! ,am]ican /yle1 ! two-h&$ f\rte5-foot affair = tr\t fly-fi%+ be+ little 9 evid5ce2 9 fact1 "o ( our mo/ reputable firms ( rod-mak]s annually s5ds a consid]able numb] ( fly-rods to ,engl&4 ,b ! split-cane fly-rods ( ! ,engli% mak]s & angl]s are /ill mu* /iff] & heavi]1 l5g? = l5g?1 ?an ^? favor$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,= in/ance1 a split-cane fly-rod con/ruct$ by a v fam\s firm ( rod-mak]s accord+ to ! directions ( ,mr4 ,f4 ,m4 ,hal=d1 ^: angl+ books & articles1 l>gely on dry fly-fi%+1 are absolutely au?oritative z well z mo/ readable1 s5sible1 & g5u9ely in=mative = ! ,am]ican z well z ! ,engli% fly-fi%]man1 is n9e & a half feet 9 l5g? ) a weight ( n9e & a half ounces4 ,an ,am]ican split-bamboo fly-rod ( ?is l5g? w\ld n1 at ! utmo/1 weigh ov] six ounces4 ,moreov]1 ?is proportion ( weight to l5g?--except 9 rods call$ fea!rweights--is ma9ta9$ ?r\gh\t ! g5]al run ( ,engli% split-cane fly-rods 9 common use4 ,! ,am]ican fly-ca/] = tr\t ne$ n conc]n himself o!r ?an !oretically1 z a matt] ( g5]al angl+ in=mation1 ) octagonal1 d\ble-built1 or /eel-c5t]$ split-cane rods4 ,eight-/rip rods are commonly produc$ 9 ?is c\ntry--at a consid]ably high] figure ?an ! rod ( six /rips--b x is g5]ally & :olly agre$ among ^? :o "k t !re is no?+ to recomm5d ! octagonal ov] ! hexagonal rod4 ,! d\ble-built rod--a rod 9 :i* ea* triangul> /rip ( cane1 z f9ally ready = complet+ ! rod1 is compos$ ( two /rips cem5t$ toge!r1 sup]impos$1 ?us hav+ two ?icknesses ( ! h>d out] enamel--is und\bt$ly desirable :]e great /r5g? is imp]ative1 b h>dly requisite = ! tr\t fly-rod4 ,practically ! same may be said ( ! /eel-c5t]$ rod4 ,d\ble-built rods are n made 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,only "o firm ( rod-mak]s produces a /eel-c5t]$ rod4 ,to ! exp]i5c$ fly-fi%]man ! impossibility ( su* a ?+ z an all-r\nd fly-rod is con/antly m app>5t4 ,no "o rod c1 9 ! v nature ( ?+s1 prove ?or\ghly adapt$ to ! v>iety ( tr\t /reams :ipp$ by ! angl] ev5 )9 a re/rict$ t]ritory4 ,angl+ conditions v>y consid]ably ) ea* /ream2 ^u "o wat] a rod ( f\r ounces1 or ev5 less1 eight feet 9 l5g? is exactly ! ?+2 = ano!r /ream ! wise angl] w\ld rightly select a t5-foot rod ( six ounces or !reab\ts4 ,9 view ( ?is x is sc>cely possible = "o to recomm5d any p>ticul> l5g? or weight ( rod z be+ ! mo/ satisfactory & effici5t4 ,= small tr\t 9 small /reams only ! lighte/ tackle %\ld be us$ = fly-fi%+1 ei!r wet or dry4 ,b1 p>ticul>ly ) ref]5ce to ca/+ ! dry fly1 x may be said t a fly-rod ( f n9e & a half to t5 feet is ! mo/ desirable = /reams ( av]age size4 ,:ile x is seldom necess>y = ! dry fly ca/] to ca/ any great di/ance1 x is only 9 ! long] rods t really good ca/+ p[] c be obta9$2 & ca/+ p[]1 9 view ( ! pref]able use ( a some:at heavy tap]$ l9e & ! con/antly repeat$ process ( dry+ ! fly1 ,is v necess>y4 ,! t5-foot fly-rod1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 is probably ! mo/ effici5t tool = ! dry fly fi%]man4 ,h[ev]1 a n9e-&-a-half-foot rod is a sweet] rod to h&le1 is suit$ to a great] div]sity ( tr\t wat]s1 &1 grant+ good mat]ial & action1 is suffici5tly p[]ful = av]age "w--! =ego+1 by ! way1 ) ! und]/&+ t increas$ l5g? spells increas$ capacity = h&l+ ! l9e1 :i* c]ta9ly does n foll[ unless ! rods are built on ! same proportional dim5sions & 9 proportionate weights4 ,! five-ounce rod ( ! t\rnam5t fly-ca/] is a v diff]5t matt] f ! five-ounce rod ( ! av]age practical /ream fi%]man4 ,! rod = dry fly ca/+ mu/ n be too light 9 ! butt2 o!rwise ! rod w lack l9e-driv+ p[]2 ! tip1 also1 mu/ n be too light & pliant1 or x w result 9 ! practical impossibility ( lift+ ! heavy tap]$ l9e quickly & neatly f ! wat] :5 a fair l5g? ( l9e is out4 ,h[ev]1 :ile a /rong1 spe$y1 & resili5t rod is manife/ly indicat$1 its action mu/ n be too h>%--if possible ! gold5 mean %\ld be ! f9al *oice4 ,! fly-ca/] %\ld nev] lose sight ( ! fact t fly-ca/+1 pure & simple1 is by no means all ( fly-fi%+--t 9 ! selection ( ! fly-rod its suitability to /rik+1 play+1 & l&+ a tr\t mu/ receive c>eful consid]ation4 ,fly-rods :i* answ] all too /rongly to ! quick impulse ( ! angl]'s wri/ :5 /rik+ a ris+ fi% are by no means r>e4 ,be>+ 9 m9d ! small flies & delicate lead]s necess>ily us$ 9 dry fly fi%+1 ! result ( /rik+ too /r5u\sly c easily be imag9$1 b ! fault _c be correct$ if ! use ( a rod too /iff & h>% 9 action is p]si/$ 94 ,moreov]1 dur+ ! process ( play+ a tr\t1 x is ess5tial t ! rod give & take ) ! movem5ts ( ! fi%1 ex]t+ an ev5 b n too decid$ /ra94 ,a /iff rod is a v risky "o ) :i* to play a fi%2 !re is great dang] ( ! unconsci\s employm5t ( too mu* =ce2 a tr\t ev5 poorly hook$ may usually be safely l&$ if delicately h&l$1 b a fi% q firmly fa/5$ c easily be lo/ if =c$ by ! angl]4 ,a rod possess+ j ! correct degree ( ela/icity & resili5cy may (t5 (fset errors ( judgm5t on ! "p ( ! angl] :ile play+ a fi%1 b a rod ( incorrect action c nev] be o!r ?an a h&icap no matt] h[ skilfully ,x may be h&l$4 ,9 ! selection ( ! dry fly-rod x is well1 h[ev]1 :ile avoid+ ! really /iff rod1 to favor "o ) an adequate degree ( backbone--9 o!r words1 /e] v cle> ( ! :ippy rod4 ,= dry fly ca/+ no l9e is ! equal ( ! d\ble-tap]$ silk l9e1 enamel$ or vacuum-dress$1 & a r heavi] article ?an ! ord9>y level l9e *os5 = wet fly fi%+ %\ld be us$4 ,! rod mu/ h suffici5t ca/+ p[] to h&le a l9e ( ?is sort4 ,! l9e g5]ally employ$ is size ,e4 ,! matt] ( ! mutual adaptability ( l9e & rod w be treat$ lat]2 x c1 h[ev]1 be not$ "h t only a rod t5d+ to /iffness r ?an :ipp9ess is capable ( rightly h&l+ ! l9e designat$4 ,i h else:]e 7,fi%+ ,kits & ,equipm5t1 pages #dh-ej7 describ$ ! mann] ( te/+ a fly-rod ) a view to asc]ta9+ its possession or lack ( ! v>i\s qualities & *>act]i/ics outl9$ above4 ,!re=e x seems be/ n to rehe>se ! matt] "h1 b1 9 ?is connection & z a f9al ^w on ! "q ( ! desirable fly-rod qualities f ! viewpo9t ( g5]al utility & practical s]viceability 9 dry fly ca/+1 to simply sugge/ t y accept no rod1 by no matt] :at mak]1 )\t fir/ putt+ x to e possible te/4 ,i h endeavor$ to make x pla9 t a fir/-class rod is ! result ( fir/-class labor & mat]ial1 & t x mu/ possess a degree ( excell5ce n f\nd 9 ! common run ( fi%+ rods4 ,! obvi\s coroll>y is t any sort ( rod pass$ ov] ! c\nt] to y %\ld n be duly & dutifully accept$ on anyone's m]e say-s4 ,reg>d+ ! practical details ( ! rod1 ap>t f ! g5]al matt]s already discuss$1 & recall+ ! recomm5dation ( six-/rip con/ruction1 x w\ld seem t mu* /ream usage & exp]im5tation 9 ! tackle %op & on ! ca/+ plat=m h result$ 9 ! /&>dization ( sev]al =ms ( fly-rod fitt+s z be+ be/ adapt$ to ! purpose 9 h& & produc+ ! utmo/ effici5cy 9 ! rod4 ,9 ! matt] ( f]rules1 only ^? ( ,g]man silv] %\ld be consid]$4 ,also !y %\ld be capp$1 welt$1 split or s]rat$1 & wat]pro($4 ,fur!rmore1 x is p]haps unnecess>y to sugge/ ! elim9ation ( ! pat5t lock-fa/ jo9t--! omission be+ bas$ ^u ! fact t ,am]ican rod-mak]s1 kn[+ ! effici5cy & safety ( ! pla9 suction f]rules ) :i* _! rods are fitt$1 employ no o!r sort4 ,g]man silv] is also ! be/ mat]ial = ! reel-seat4 ,x %\ld p]haps be not$ t ,g]man silv] is a sub/ance v>y+ consid]ably 9 /r5g?1 appe>ance1 & m]it z appli$ to use on ! fly-rod2 ! be/ f]rules & reel-seats ( ?is mat]ial are h& wr\ght & drawn to almo/ /eel-l h>dness4 ,! writ] w\ld n advise a skeleton reel-seat = use on any fly-rod = fi%+ ei!r wet or dry4 ,x is g5]ally conc$$ by exp]i5c$ fly-ca/]s & rod-mak]s t ! v be/ h&grasp = ! fly-rod is ( solid cork1 =m$ by closely fitt+ a numb] ( ?ick cork r+s ov] a wood5 core4 ,*eap rods h h&grasps ( ?9 cork %ea?+ glu$ ov] a =m ( wood--ab\t ! mo/ unsatisfactory ( all h&grasps4 ,/eel guides1 ( ! snake patt]n1 are pref]able to ^? ( ,g]man silv]2 9 "t ! friction ( ! l9e we>s deep grooves 9 ! latt]4 ,:ile n imp]ative x is1 nev]!less1 a good plan to h ! rod fitt$ ) agate fir/ & tip guides1 !reby elim9at+ mu* l9e-we> & friction1 :i* occurs pr9cipally at ^! po9ts1 increas+ q appreciably ! ca/+ p[] ( ! rod4 ,! rod %\ld be pla9ly w\nd at int]vals v>y+ f n m ?an an in* at ! butt to a qu>t]-in* at ! tip4 ,exp]im5tation 9 ! matt] ( rod-w9d+s has nev] result$ 9 any?+ def9itely bett] ?an ! ord9>y pla9 silk w9d+ c>efully done & well-protect$ ) v>ni%4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,reel1 ,,l9e ,,& ,,flies ,z 9 ! case ( fly-rods & fly-rod mat]ials1 a complete1 comp>ative /udy ( fi%+ reels is n "h purpos$4 ,x is hop$ t ! read] w accept z true ! foll[+ /atem5ts & sugge/ions reg>d+ ! reel & its selection--& ?is applies equally to ! o!r articles ( equipm5t m5tion$ 9 ?is *apt]--)\t ! necessity ( mu* argum5t pro & con or ! pres5tation ( _m reasons 9 e in/ance4 ,9 fact1 ! g5]al matt] ( fly tackle is "o :i* has be5 v ?or\ghly ?re%$ out 9 o!r books1 &1 z reg>ds dry-fly fi%+1 diff]s only 9 degree1 n 9 ess5tials4 ,x is ! int5t ( ! pres5t *apt] m]ely to take up ! subject ( fly-tackle aside f ! rod to an ext5t :i* w enable ! beg9n] to />t "r1 at any rate1 )\t ! necessity ( ref]5ce to o!r volumes or s\rces ( in=mation4 ,! s+le-action click reel has = _m ye>s be5 recogniz$ by exp]i5c$ fly-fi%]m5 z ! only reel suit$ to ! purpose4 ,9 g5]al1 multiply+ reels1 :e!r d\ble or quadruple1 are entirely unsuit$ to use on ! fly-rod4 ,! rapid retrieve ( ! multipli] is ( no advantage--r ! opposite--to ! fly-fi%]m5 = tr\t4 ,l9e f\l+ occurs con/antly ov] ! project+ h&le ( ! multiply+ reel2 moreov]1 z a g5]al ?+1 multiply+ reels are too heavy = ! purpose & balance ! rod poorly4 ,reels ( ! automatic p]suasion h n receiv$ ! un/9t$ approbation ( angl]s4 ,grant+ t ! s+le-action reel is exclusively ! "o ) :i* we ne$ "h conc]n ourselves1 x does n foll[ t !re is little *oice 9 ! selection ( ! reel4 ,on ! contr>y1 s+le-action reels are made ( r num]\s mat]ials & c]ta9ly 9 v>y+ degrees ( desirability4 ,= use on ! tr\t fly-rod a reel ( solid metal1 capable ( hold+ ?irty or =ty y>ds ( d\ble-tap]$ l9e1 size ,e1 is apt to be too heavy1 al?\gh ?is may possibly be a p]sonal prejudice ( ! writ]4 ,alum9um reels are1 ( c\rse1 light1 b reels ( ?is mat]ial are easily damag$ & put out ( commission--usually at a v critical "t4 ,! la/ /atem5t applies also to reels ( h>d rubb] )\t metal protection4 ,possibly x is m or less a p]sonal matt]1 b ! writ] has always favor$ 9 s+le-action click reels ( ! ord9>y con/ruction ! reel ( h>d rubb] ) metal b&s ar\nd ! edges ( ! side plates4 ,^! b&s are ei!r ( nickel$ brass or ,g]man silv]1 ! latt] naturally be+ ! m exp5sive4 ,! b& on ! h&le side ( ! reel projects ov] ! edge s z to =m a protection aga9/ l9e f\l+1 & ! reel h&le revolves )9 ?is protect+ b&4 ,! reels commonly us$ 9 ,engl& & also easily procurable 9 ?is c\ntry are ( ! revolv+-disc /yle--a v effici5t & satisfactory =m ( reel2 p]haps1 all ?+s consid]$1 ! be/4 ,9 ! revolv+ disc reel ! h&le is atta*$ directly to ! side plate1 :i* itself revolves & is affix$ to ! spool or sp9dle4 ,! reel select$ %\ld be z light z possible1 b /rong & capable ( hold+ at lea/ ?irty y>ds ( d\ble-tap]$ l9e ( size ,e4 ,! spool %\ld be n>r[2 t is1 ! space betwe5 ! side plates contract$1 s t ! l9e may build up quickly :5 reel+ 94 ,! click1 or *eck1 %\ld n be too /iff4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if x is weak & unreliable1 ov]-runs & back la%es w occur con/antly4 ,reg>d+ ! size1 x %\ld be not$ t ! sizes designat$ 9 y>ds assign$ to v>i\s reels by ! tackle deal]s are bas$ ^u ! reel's capacity = hold+ v small calib] l9e4 ,if ! reel is to hold )\t cr[d+ ?irty y>ds ( size ,e d\ble-tap]$ l9e ! side plates mu/ h a diamet] ( ab\t two & ?ree-qu>t]s to ?ree in*es1 dep5d+ ^u ! make & /yle ( ! reel4 ,! subject ( ! fly-ca/+ l9e is wor?y ( f> m ext5d$ treatm5t ?an x c possibly receive "h--x is d\btful if !re is any m int]e/+ or vital "q to ! fly-fi%]man4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ) ! "r l9e all ?+s are possible2 b an unsuitable l9e is capable ( defeat+ ! ef=ts ( ! mo/ exp]t fly-ca/]4 ,9 ! selection ( ! l9e !re are two pr9cipal po9ts to be consid]$3 ,! l9e mu/ be ( ! "r mat]ial1 & its weight or calib] mu/ be suit$ to ! rod ^u :i* x w be us$4 ,l9es = fly-ca/+ are usually kn[n z wat]pro(1 enamel$ silk l9es4 ,?is description h>dly fits ! vacuum-dress$ l9e1 ( :i* ,i %all speak 9 a lat] p>agraph1 b ! t]m may be us$ z g5]ally def9+ ! v be/ l9e = ! purpose ( ! fly-ca/] ) ei!r wet or float+ flies4 ,9 ord] to ca/ well ! l9e mu/ possess weight2 at ! same "t x mu/ be flexible )\t flims9ess1 & smoo?4 ,^! requirem5ts are fully answ]$ by ! enamel$ l9e1 & by no o!r4 ,at ! pres5t "t x is g5]ally believ$ by exp]i5c$ angl]s t ! s(t-enamel$1 vacuum-dress$ l9e ( ,engli% manufacture is ! sup]ior ( all l9es = dry fly ca/+ & fi%+4 ,l9es ( ?is "* are repeat$ly fill$ ) pure1 boil$ l9se$ oil "u ! exhau/$ receiv] ( an air pump1 be+ dri$ out aft] ea* fill+ 9 an ov5 heat$ to #aej degrees ,fahr5heit1 & subsequ5tly dress$ d[n by h&4 ,! ord9>y enamel$ l9e is dress$ only sup]ficially4 ,manife/ly ! vacuum-dress$ l9e is ! m s]viceable2 & ! comb9ation ( weight1 flexibility1 smoo?ness1 & p]fect action 9 ca/+ f\nd 9 ?is l9e is difficult to surpass4 ,! vacuum-dress$ l9e is necess>ily some:at exp5sive1 & ! angl] :o does n c>e to inve/ too heavily 9 :at may possibly be m]ely an exp]im5tal outfit w f9d ! ord9>y enamel$ or v>ni%$ l9e1 9 ! be/ quality1 q satisfactory & fairly s]viceable4 ,! l5g? & calib] ( ! l9e %\ld be det]m9$ by ! "* ( ! fi%+--always be>+ 9 m9d ! fact t ! l9e mu/ ( necessity be suit$ to ! rod1 a matt] :]e9 ! beg9n] is prone to g wrong & conc]n+ :i* he is apt to receive "s v bad advice f ! man :o angles *iefly 9 /reams ( pr9t]'s ink4 ,f ! "t :5 ! memory ( man runne? n to ! contr>y ! gossam] l9e ( ! tr\t fly-fi%]man has be5 a favorite topic ( ! produc] ( ! speckl$-beauty /yle ( lit]ature--! practical fly-fi%]man kn[s t !re is no?+ m absolutely futile ?an ! attempt to ca/ a l9e :i* 9 effect is )\t weight4 ,v little ?\ght w conv9ce ! read] t only a l9e :i* inde$ has weight w c>ry well ?r\gh ! air :5 ca/1 & t a v small calib] l9e simply w n d4 ,i %all n tr\ble to enl>ge ^u ! matt]4 ,concisely1 = ! av]age fly-rod ( n9e to t5 feet ! l9e %\ld be ( size ,f or ,e1 ! latt] = ! n9e & a half or t5-foot rod4 ,= ! rod some:at above ! av]age 9 weight1 l5g? or ca/+ p[] size ,d may p]haps be be/ suit$4 ,unless1 h[ev]1 ! l9e is ?or\ghly adapt$ 9 weight to ! rod ^u :i* x is us$1 satisfactory ca/+ w be q impossible4 ,9 ! matt] ( suit+ ! l9e to ! rod1 rememb] t a l9e :i* is too light w fail to br+ out ! action ( ! rod & _c successfully be employ$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ! l9e is too heavy1 ! ov]burd5$ rod _c lift x quickly & neatly f ! wat]2 if ! angl] wi%es to make a some:at long] ca/ ?an usual he may sma% 8 rod 9 ! endeavor to p]=m ! impossible4 ,! ca/+ p[] ( a rod is n det]m9$ purely by its weight or l5g?2 :]e=e1 if ! opportunity (f]s1 x is well to fit ! l9e to ! rod by practical exp]im5t4 ,t a tap]$ l9e is mo/ effici5t & satisfactory = dry-fly ca/+ is g5]ally conc$$4 ,by ! employm5t ( a l9e ( ?is "*1 ! l9e be+ gradually f9$ d[n t[>d ! ends1 ! ca/] has all ! advantage ( a heavy l9e 9 ca/+1 :ile at ! same "t ! l9e may be ca/ delicately & lightly4 ,also a tap]$ l9e1 exactly suit$ to ! rod ^u :i* x is us$1 may be ca/ f>!r & m accurately ?an a level l9e4 ,! majority ( ,am]ican fly-ca/]s und\bt$ly fi% d[n/ream & use ! level l9e2 :5 dry fly-fi%+1 h[ev]1 x is imp]ative t ! angl] fi% or ca/ up/ream & by all odds ! bett] plan to employ ! tap]$ l9e4 ,= ord9>y "w select a d\ble-tap]$ l9e1 bo? ends graduat$1 ( ?irty y>ds' l5g?4 ,! l5g? ( ! tap] v>ies f fifte5 7occasionally less7 to eighte5 feet4 ,z to ! prop] l5g? ( tap]1 t aga91 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 dep5ds some:at ^u ! nature ( ! fi%+ = :i* ! l9e w be us$4 ,if r %ort ca/s are to be a rule1 a %ort tap] w "w be/ = ! reason t m ( ! swell ( ! l9e w be 9 use & n m]ely w\nd ^u ! reel4 ,a %ort tap] also works be/ aga9/ ! w9d = ! same reason4 ,x %\ld be obvi\s1 al?\gh ! fact has n be5 adequately emphasiz$ by angl+ writ]s1 t if ! ca/] c z a rule 7ow+ to ! re/rict$ nature ( ! /ream1 :i* may be small & ) banks ?ickly wood$7 use only ! light tap]$ end ( 8 l9e on a rod really adapt$ to ! size ( ! swell ( ! l9e1 he is work+ at a great disadvantage4 ,= av]age small-/ream fly ca/+ x is be/ to select a l9e hav+ a quick tap]1 fifte5 feet or less4 ,! lead]s furni%$ by ! tackle deal]s especially = dry-fly fi%+ are usually ( v good quality--! be/ is none too good--) dropp] loops1 ( c\rse1 & f six to n9e feet 9 l5g?4 ,! angl] :o elects to tie 8 own lead]s1 a v simple matt] & by f> ! bett] plan1 %\ld pur*ase ! v be/ silk-worm gut = ! purpose--r\nd1 h>d & cle>4 ,x w be necess>y to h gut ( diff]5t weights or calib] f heavy to v f9e1 9 ord] t ! lead] may be tap]$ f ab\t ! size ( ! end ( ! reel l9e to v f9e undrawn gut ne>e/ ! fly4 ,drawn gut 0 at "o "t ext5sively us$ by dry-fly fi%]m51 b x is n[ g5]ally recogniz$ t f9e undrawn gut is q z effici5t & ! additional /r5g? ga9$ by its use is a di/9ct advantage4 ,! tap]$ lead] c]ta9ly aids mat]ially 9 f9e "w ov] cle>1 /ill wat] & %y fi%4 ,i believe x 0 ,h5ry ,p4 ,wells1 ! au?or ( ,fly-,rods & ,fly ,tackle1 a "w famili> to bo? ,am]ican & ,engli% fly fi%]m51 :o /at$ t 9 8 op9ion ! mo/ important factor = successful fly fi%+ 0 to make invisible any connection betwe5 ! fly & ! l9e1 & ! use ( f9e t]m9al tackle t5ds to br+ ?is ab\t4 ,moreov]1 f9e calib] gut ne> ! fly assi/s 9 float+ x4 ,bett]1 /raight] ca/+ c be done :5 a tap]$ lead] is us$4 ,! prop] l5g? ( lead] v>ies ) ! imm$iate angl+ conditions4 ,"u no circum/ances1 = practical fi%+1 %\ld ! lead] exce$ ! rod 9 l5g?--?is entirely 9 ! op9ion ( ! writ]1 al?\gh concurr$ 9 by _m o!r angl]s4 ,"u r\gh wea!r conditions a %ort lead] works be/4 ,= long1 f9e ca/+ a n9e-foot lead] %\ld be us$4 ,= av]age dry-fly fi%+ on ! g5]al run ( ,am]ican tr\t /reams1 ,i believe a sev5-foot lead] to be ! mo/ practical & effici5t4 ,z reg>ds ! color ( lead]s1 ! fact t any advantage is ga9$ by ! use ( v>i\sly /a9$ gut 7) a view to mak+ ! lead] invisible7 has nev] be5 conclusively prov$--natural or mi/-color lead]s answ] e purpose4 ,= atta*+ ey$-hooks to ! lead] or snell !re are sev]al diff]5t knots2 "o ( ! be/ ( ^!1 & ! simple/1 is %[n 9 ,fig4 #a4 ,! gut mu/ be r5d]$ p]fectly pliable by soak+ 9 wat] be=e ty+ on ! fly4 ,pass ! end ( ! gut ?r\gh ! eye ( ! hook1 b5d x back & make a slip-knot or half-hit* ar\nd ! gut2 draw ! slip-knot ne>ly tight & slide x up to & ov] ! eye ( ! hook1 & pull tight4 ,?is =ms a jam-knot easily upset b impossible to dis5gage by a /raight pull4 ,aft] mak+ ! knot1 cut (f ! sup]flu\s end ( ! gut4 ,= cutt+ (f gut ends aft] *ang+ flies at ! /ream-side no?+ is h&i] to c>ry or use ?an an ord9>y f+]nail clip4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #a4 ,9 ,fig4 #b is %[n ! me?od ( knott+ toge!r two /r&s ( gut 9 ty+ a lead] or mak+ repairs 9 "o4 ,! two half-hit*es %\ld be pull$ p]fectly tight & !n drawn toge!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #b4 ,= atta*+ ! lead] to ! l9e use ! jam-knot %[n 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #c4 ,if y wi% to atta* a dropp] fly to a dry-fly lead] )\t loops use ! me?od %[n ,9 ,fig4 #d1 atta*+ at a po9t :]e two /r&s are knott$ toge!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,figure #d4 ,s _m intricate details are connect$ ) ! subject ( artificial flies1 & ) dry or float+ flies p>ticul>ly1 t 9 ord] to r$uce ! discussion ( ! matt] h]e9 to a n inord9ate l5g? _m po9ts mu/ ( necessity be m]ely t\*$ ^u4 ,9 lat] *apt]s1 ! effici5cy ( v>i\s patt]ns1 z well z h[ & :5 to use !m1 w be discuss$2 at ?is po9t we are conc]n$ *iefly ) ! purely mat]ial details ( ! float]4 ,! con/ruction ( ! dry fly diff]s consid]ably f t ( ! wet1 b z ?is is a matt] p]ta9+ r to ! art ( ! fly dress] ! subject ne$ n be consid]$ z imp]atively )9 ! prov9ce ( ! pres5t discussion4 ,x has previ\sly be5 not$ t at pres5t ! l>g] "p ( ! dry flies obta9able 9 ?is c\ntry are import$ f ,engl&4 ,! t5d5cy ( ! tackle deal]s is to furni% comp>atively few ( ! famili> ,am]ican patt]ns ti$ dry4 ,! dry fly is1 ( c\rse1 dress$ ) ! purpose ( caus+ x to float z well z may be1 & ?is is effect$--al?\gh ! me?od ( con/ruction v>ies to "s ext5t ) v>i\s patt]ns--by dress+ ! fly ) d\ble or split w+s ti$ at "r angles to ! body 7call$ erect w+s7 & ) ! hackl+ arrang$ to /& out well f ! %ank ( ! hook4 ,! body ( ! fly is dress$ v lightly & 9 "s in/ances is ( cork1 /raw or quill4 ,9 ! case ( "s ( ! late/ patt]ns horsehair is us$ = ! body mat]ial4 ,z a rule dry flies are dress$ ^u small hooks1 numb] twelve & small]1 & ! hooks are ( light wire4 ,a li/ ( float+ flies :i* h be5 f\nd effective on ,am]ican tr\t /reams is giv5 9 a lat] p>agraph4 ,almo/ )\t exception float+ flies are dress$ on ey$ hooks2 t is1 )\t gut snells :ipp$ to ! %ank ( ! hook1 foll[+ ! "t-honor$ ,am]ican cu/om1 b ) an eye or r+ at ! end ( ! %ank by means ( :i* ! fly is atta*$ directly to ! lead]4 ,if space p]mitt$ ! practical advantages ( ! ey$ hook c\ld v well be emphasiz$ 9 detail2 at pres5t ,i c only urge e fly fi%]man to adopt ! use ( ! ey$ fly = ei!r dry or wet fly-fi%+4 ,if = no o!r reason ?an t ( economy1 ! use ( ! ey$ hook ju/ifies itself3 ! feel+s ( ! angl]1 :o :5 look+ ov] & te/+ 8 tackle = ! approa*+ tr\t season pulls ! snells )\t difficulty out ( an ev5 two doz5 ( ! old-/yle tr\t flies :i* h nev] ev5 be5 once us$1 are be/ left to ! imag9ation4 ,ey$ hooks are made 9 two /yles1 ) turn$-up & turn$-d[n eye2 t is1 9 ! case ( ! turn$-d[n eye ! eye is on ! "u side ( ! hook %ank or b5t t[>d ! b>b ( ! hook1 ! opposite be+ true ( ! o!r =m4 ,mu* controv]sy has tak5 place reg>d+ ! respective m]its ( ! two /yles ( ey$ hooks1 v>i\s au?orities en?usia/ically & conv9c+ly *ampion+ ei!r "o or ! o!r4 ,x w\ld seem t ea* =m has its virtues & is q satisfactory4 ,und\bt$ly ! read]1 imp>tially exp]im5t+ ) bo? /yles1 w soon discov] :i* is be/--= him4 ,! great] "p ( ! float+ flies :i* come to ?is c\ntry are dress$ on turn$-up ey$ hooks4 ,z to ! =m ( ! hook1 :e!r ,sproat1 ,p5nell 7turn$-d[n71 ,o',%aughnessy1 ,sneck1 & s on1 x is a matt] 9 :i* "o _c ex]cise p]sonal *oice to any great ext5t--"o mu/ ne$s be cont5t$ ) ! flies z he f9ds !m4 ,hooks ) ! ,sneck b5d are favor$ = ! small] patt]ns2 o!rs may be dress$ on any ( ! above-nam$ hooks4 ,unless y are will+1 _m times1 to und]go great delay 9 /ock+ y\r fly box1 y mu/ sacrifice a p]sonal prejudice t[>d any p>ticul> =m ( hook = ! sake ( obta9+ ! patt]n y wi% 9 ! desir$ size4 ,i give bel[ a li/ ( a few float+ flies :i* ,i "k to be successful "u av]age angl+ conditions1 & w\ld sugge/ t 9 mak+ y\r selection ( dry flies y obta9 "s1 at lea/1 ( ! patt]ns dress$ ^u numb] t5 hooks4 ,! use ( ! v small ,engli% patt]ns1 ti$1 z a rule1 on numb] twelve hooks at ! l>ge/1 is n at all times & 9 all places mo/ advantage\s on ,am]ican tr\t /reams4 ,! flies nam$ are1 z f> z may be1 typical2 t is1 select$ ) a view to approximately imitat+ ! g5]al insect life 7consi/+ l>gely ( wat]-br$ insects7 ( any tr\t /ream1 s t ! angl] may z a g5]al ?+ f9d 9 8 li/ a fairly close imitation ( mo/ ( ! natural flies1 any "o ( :i* may be tempor>ily abundant on ! wat]1 & ^u :i* !re is reason to believe ! fi% are fe$+4 ,! li/ is z foll[s3 ,coa*man1 ,cahill1 gold-ribb$ h>e's e>1 ,wickham's fancy1 br[n s$ge1 silv] s$ge1 iron blue dun1 :irl+ blue dun1 & olive dun4 ,^! %\ld be dress$ ^u hooks1 numb]s twelve & t54 ,x is seldom necess>y to use small] ?an a numb] twelve dry-fly1 al?\gh1 ( c\rse1 occasionally only ! v smalle/ flies are effective4 ,to ! flies nam$ %\ld be add$ ! gre5 ,may female1 br[n ,may female1 & sp5t gnat female1 ( ! new s]ies ( float+ flies develop$ by ,mr4 ,f4 ,m4 ,hal=d4 ,( ! above ! coa*man1 ,wickham's fancy1 gold-ribb$ h>e's e> & ,cahill are frankly fancy flies1 n int5d$ to repres5t any p>ticul> natural fly4 ,! ,wickham's fancy1 coa*man & gold-ribb$ h>e's e> are wond]fully successful patt]ns1 z a rule1 ?r\gh\t ! entire season1 & "u a great v>iety ( angl+ conditions4 ,! ,cahill is a fly ( v delicate coloration & dress+ & is p>ticul>ly useful ov] v l[ & cle> wat]4 ,! duns1 olive1 :irl+ blue & iron blue are dress$ 9 imitation ( v>i\s ephem]a 9 ! sub-imago or dun /age1 & :5 ! fi% are fe$+ ^u ! natural fly ^! are apt to prove exce$+ly successful4 ,! gre5 & br[n ,may fly patt]ns are repres5tative ( ! correspond+ ,ephem]id1 & _! usefulness ^u /reams :5 & :]e ! ,may fly is abundant is suffici5tly obvi\s4 ,! ,caddis flies 9 ! nom5clature ( ! dry fly are kn[n z s$ges2 ! silv] s$ge & br[n s$ge belong to ?is class4 ,! sp5t gnat patt]n repres5ts ! female ,may fly :i*1 hav+ void$ h] eggs ^u ! wat]1 !reaft] falls ^u ! surface ( ! /ream practically lifeless & ) w+s flat & out/ret*$4 ,! sp5t gnat1 accord+ly1 is dress$ ) horizontal1 n erect1 w+s4 ,= c>ry+ ey$-flies v>i\s fly-boxes are furni%$ by ! tackle deal]s4 ,! me?od ( hold+ ! flies is usually by means ( a metal clip1 al?\gh "s boxes h sev]al small comp>tm5ts ) transp>5t 7celluloid7 cov]s1 & o!rs h cork /rips into :i* ! fly may be fa/5$4 ,! la/ sort is ! lea/ satisfactory4 ,z a rule1 9 ! ord9>y =m ( ey$ fly box ! metal clips are set v closely toge!r1 & x is advisable to procure a box capable ( hold+ at lea/ d\ble ! numb] ( flies y int5d to c>ry1 s t !y may be ins]t$ )\t cru%+ & be easily di/+ui%$ & remov$4 ,p>aff9 oil1 or "s "o ( ! o!r simil> wat]pro(+ liquids furni%$ by ! tackle deal]s1 is a necessity to ! dry-fly ca/]4 ,a float+ fly1 if p]fectly dry1 w float fairly well = a numb] ( ca/s )\t ! use ( p>aff92 b x soon becomes dr[n$ & sodd5 & v difficult to dry out by m]ely false ca/+4 ,:atev] prep>ation may be us$ 7& ,i h f\nd v little practical diff]5ce 9 !m7 x %\ld be c>ri$ 9 a small bottle hav+ a /opp] ) bru% atta*$4 ,apply ! oil to ! fly lightly1 & remove ! sup]flu\s liquid by press+ ! fly betwe5 folds 9 y\r h&k]*ief4 ,x is usually practicable to prep>e a numb] ( flies 9 ?is way be=e go+ to ! /ream1 ?us obviat+ ! ! necessity ( c>ry+ ! oil]4 ,x w\ld seem unnecess>y to consid] ! matt] ( ! creel1 wad]s & o!r g5]al fly-fi%+ equipm5t1 z ^! are famili> to e fly-fi%]man ( any exp]i5ce4 ,h[ev]1 = ! b5efit ( ! virtual beg9n] x may be said t a r l>g] basket ?an t usually advis$ to ! tr\t-fi%]man say a creel ( tw5ty-p\nd size--is pref]able = _m reasons4 ,! new /yle sl+1 :i* susp5ds ! basket f ! left %\ld]1 %\ld be us$4 ,wad]s1 ( c\rse1 are necess>y4 ,:e!r wad+ pants1 wad+ /ock+s1 or ord9>y sport+ rubb] boots are worn is m or less a p]sonal matt] g5]ally dep5d5t ^u ! conditions "u :i* ! fi%+ w be done4 ,! wad+ /ock+s1 worn ) wool5 socks & hobnail$ wad+ %oes1 are z a rule ! mo/ satisfactory equipm5t4 ,a lead]-box 9 :i* extra lead]s may be c>ri$ betwe5 pads ( damp5$ felt & a l&+ net are o!r requisites4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,h[ ,,to ,,ca/ ,,! ,,float+ ,,fly ,! sportsman :o has fi%$ only ) ! wet fly may re/ assur$ t %\ld he take up dry fly fi%+ he w discov] a r5ew$ int]e/ 9 ! sport ( fly fi%+ = tr\t1 :i*1 p]haps1 ?r\gh cu/om1 may h lo/ some?+ ( its =m] *>m4 ,moreov]1 9 dry fly fi%+ he w f9d a sport ( su* wide scope t1 x is safe to say1 he w nev] consid] himself o!r ?an a beg9n] 9 ! art4 ,= ! sci5tifically incl9$ sportsman--! man :o *ronically seeks to "k ! reason :y--x is difficult to "n any outdoor recreation :i* w\ld prove m to 8 lik+ or m wor?y ( s]i\s rese>* & /udy 9 its v>i\s bran*es1 p>ticul>ly t deal+ ) ! entomology ( ! tr\t /ream4 ,9 photographic "w mo/ p are p]fectly will+ to foll[ ! directions1 tru/+ t ! results w be good en\gh1 & c>+ little = intimate k ( ! sci5tific details ( ! v>i\s processes :i* produce ! complet$ photograph4 ,?is1 c]ta9ly1 is n at all ! /ate ( m9d ) :i* to take up dry fly fi%+1 or1 = t matt]1 angl+ ( any sort4 ,9 fact1 ! dry fly man %\ld be a /ud5t ( causes z well z ( effects1 = ! simple reason t only 9 comp>atively r>e in/ances c ! desir$ effect be produc$ unless ! angl] kn[s ! und]ly+ cause & proce$s to utilize x practically4 ,?is is p>ticul>ly true ( ! selection & manipulation ( ! float+ fly &1 9 a less] b q consid]able degree1 ( ca/+ ! fly4 ,almo/ e book on angl+ conta9s a m or less und]/&able treatise on fly-ca/+1 & x is only = ! b5efit ( ! virtual beg9n] at fly-fi%+ = tr\t1 & fur!r ) a view to complet5ess & ! emphasiz+ ( c]ta9 po9ts :i* ev5 ! old h& is prone to =get or possibly neglect ?r\gh c>elessness t ! foll[+ brief explanation is incorporat$ "h4 ,ca/+ ! float+ fly diff]s little ess5tially f ! mann] ( ca/+ ! sunk5 fly2 9 detail1 h[ev]1 ! diff]5ce is v great4 ,ca/+ ! float+ fly divides naturally into two q di/9ct phases2 fir/1 ! actual ca/ :i* places ! fly1 cock$ & float+1 ^u ! surface ( ! /ream2 second1 ! subsequ5t manipulation ( ! fly 9 su* a mann] t its action approximates ) all possible fidelity ! action ( ! natural fly--! fly mu/ float 9 ! exact mann] ( ! natural fly "u l circum/ances4 ,grant+ judici\s selection ( ! fly 9 ! fir/ in/ance & "s skill & f9esse 9 plac+ x1 x is ) ! correct action ( ! fly--aft] all ! mo/ important ?+ 9 ! :ole art ( dry fly fi%+--t ! sportsman has *iefly to deal1 & ! deal+ is n always ( ! easie/4 ,x %\ld g )\t say+ t prop]ly & effectively to ca/ & fi% ! float+ fly x is ess5tial t ! tackle be correctly assembl$4 ,9 ?is reg>d ,i believe ! po9t mo/ 9 ne$ ( emphasis is ! "q ( ! "r way to fit ! reel to ! rod2 t ?is %\ld be done s t ! reel is und]nea? ! rod ) its h&le to ! "r 79 ! case ( ! "r-h&$ ca/]7 is 9 my exp]i5ce ! only satisfactory & ?or\ghly effici5t way4 ,) ! reel ?us plac$ x is nev] necess>y1 :5 play+ a fi%1 to turn ! rod ov] s t ! reel is above1 z 9 ! case :5 ! reel is fitt$ to ! rod ) ! h&le to ! left4 ,aft] a fi% is /ruck1 if x becomes necess>y to use ! reel1 ! rod is simply %ift$ to ! left h&--)\t ! awkw>d necessity ( turn+ x ov] to br+ ! reel on top--& ! f+]s ( ! "r h& fall naturally ^u ! h&le ( ! reel4 ,( ! ,engli% books on ! subject ( dry fly fi%+ ,i h se5 only ^? ( ,mr4 ,hal=d4 ,9 ,dry ,fly ,fi%+1 by ?is au?or1 ! cut illu/rat+ ! prop] grip ( ! rod %[s ! reel rigg$ und]nea? ! rod ) its h&le to ! left1 & ?is is ! me?od advis$ by ! au?or4 ,x may be said ) c]ta9ty t ?is mann] ( assembl+ rod & reel is n sanction$ by ! majority ( ,am]ican fly-fi%]m54 ,! mann] ( ca/+ a fly is be/ describ$ by an explanation ( ! ov]head ca/--! typical ca/ al?\gh by no means ! "o exclusively us$ 9 fly fi%+1 & 9 dry fly fi%+1 = reasons /at$ bel[1 a ca/ :i* is us$ only :5 ! horizontal ca/ is = any reason r5d]$ difficult4 ,hav+ assembl$ rod1 reel1 l9e1 lead]1 & fly1 us+ ! knots %[n 9 ,*apt] ,,iii41 & tak+ pa9s to see t ! lead] be=e b5d+ on ! fly & atta*+ to ! l9e has be5 previ\sly well-s(t5$ by soak+ 9 ! lead]-box1 proce$ to make ! ov]head ca/ z foll[s4 ,9 ! case ( ! beg9n] at fly-ca/+1 ! fir/ practice ca/+ may be/ be done ca/+ d[n/ream z ! curr5t w help to /raight5 out ! l9e & lead]4 ,two di/9ct motions con/itute ! complete ov]head ca/2 fir/ ! back ca/ :i* ?r[s ! l9e beh9d ! ca/]1 !n ! =w>d ca/ :i* returns x 9 ! desir$ direction4 ,fifte5 or tw5ty feet is en\gh l9e to use = ! fir/ practice ca/+4 ,! "r h& %\ld grip ! rod firmly ) ! ?umb ext5d$ along ! upp] surface ( ! h&grasp--?is is ! only prop] grip ( ! rod & is a di/9ct factor = accuracy 9 plac+ ! fly & also t5ds to make ! ca/] use 8 wri/4 ,good ca/+ results only f utiliz+ ! ela/icity ( ! rod2 ! ca/+ p[] ( ! rod is br\ght into play 9 "o way only--by us+ ! wri/ 9 ca/+4 ,keep ! elb[ l[4 ,9 ! back ca/ sw+ ! rod sm>tly up to a position b slightly beyond ! v]tical & incl9$ a little t[>d ! "r s t ! l9e :5 pass+ to ! re>1 or return+1 w n t5d to /rike ! rod4 ,9 ! back ca/ ?r[ ! l9e up 9 ord] t !re may be no possibility ( its fall+ ^u ! wat] beh9d y--a high back ca/ is v ess5tial4 ,lift ! l9e f ! wat] quickly & neatly4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to c>ry ! rod too f> back--only a little beyond ! p]p5dicul>--z ?is w inevitably result 9 loss ( control ov] ! l9e4 ,in/antane\s photography has conclusively prov$ ! fallacy ( ! or?odox advice ( ! old] s*ool ( angl+ writ]s1 to wait = ! l9e to /raight5 out beh9d y be=e />t+ ! =w>d ca/4 ,?is fact 0 not$ sometime ago 9 a %ort pap] 9 "o ( ! outdoor p]iodicals & ! writ] at once proce$$ to v]ify x--s9ce :i* "t ,i h (t5 se5 9 pr9t ! old1 famili> w>n+ to ! novice /at$ above4 ,h[ev]1 x is n[ g5]ally recogniz$ by well-in=m$ angl]s t :5 ca/+ any fair l5g? ( l9e !re is a consid]able loop ( l9e & lead] :i* /raight5s out only aft] ! =w>d ca/ has be5 />t$2 t1 9 fact1 ! "r "t to beg9 ! =w>d motion ( ! rod is :5 ! l9e fir/ beg9s to pull noticeably on ! tip ( ! rod--a psy*ological mom5t soon readily recogniz$ aft] a little practice4 ,to avoid weak5+ ! lead] by :ipp+1 or 9 r>e in/ances snapp+ (f ! fly1 ! =w>d ca/ %\ld n be />t$ too =cefully4 ,/>t ! =w>d motion ( ! rod1 !n1 :5 ! l9e1 hav+ pass$ to ! re>1 beg9s to pull back on ! rod-tip1 & c>ry ! rod =w>d & d[n ) increas+ spe$1 /opp+ x :5 x is a little beyond p>allel ) ! wat]4 ,be=e beg9n+ ano!r back ca/ be c>eful to reel or /rip 9 any slack l9e4 ,! beg9n] %\ld conc5trate on ca/+ accurately & delicately2 ability to cov] av]age fi%+ di/ances is soon ga9$ )\t mu* consci\s ef=t to t end4 ,z = accuracy1 ! dry fly man _c possibly ov]-rate its importance or m pr(itably seek to p]fect himself 9 any o!r bran* ( ! sport4 ,p>ticul>ly :5 ca/+ to a ris+ fi%1 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 ev]y?+ dep5ds ^u accuracy4 ,at ?is po9t x seems be/ to note ! matt] ( ! use ( ! left h& 9 fly-ca/+ = ! purpose ( controll+ ! r5dition & retrieve ( ! l9e :ile ca/+1 play+ a tr\t1 or float+ a dry fly4 ,9 brief1 ! ca/] %\ld control ! l9e1 practically at all times1 by hold+ x 9 8 left h&1 z x comes f ! reel1 /ripp+ 9 ! l9e ?r\gh ! guides ( ! rod :5 x %\ld be %ort5$1 or all[+ x to run out ?r\gh ! f+]s :5 a long] l9e is ne$$ 9 ca/+ or :5 giv+ l9e to a hook$ fi%4 ,x %\ld be und]/ood t ! left h&1 :5 us$ 9 ?is mann]1 ne$ n be held 9 an awkw>d position1 t is1 close up to ! reel1 b may be held 9 a natural way at ab\t ! wai/-l9e2 x is simply a matt] ( ! l5g? ( ! loop ( l9e drawn out by ! left h& betwe5 ! reel & ! fir/ guide ( ! rod4 ,:5 ?is loop = any reason becomes s long t !re may be a possibility ( f\l+ x may be tak5 c>e ( by %ift+ ! rod to ! left h&1 clipp+ ! l9e to ! h&grasp ( ! rod b5ea? ! f+]s ( ! left h&1 & w9d+ up ! sup]flu\s slack l9e4 ,! beg9n] %\ld accu/om himself to h&l+ ! l9e 9 ?is way :5 fir/ le>n+ ! use ( ! fly-rod2 lat] x w be all ! m difficult to ma/] s9ce at ! same "t he w be "u ! necessity ( correct+ o!r ca/+ habits :i* may h become almo/ second nature4 ,fur!r ref]5ce to ?is mann] ( manipulat+ ! l9e--a mo/ important factor 9 effective fly ca/+ & fi%+--w be f\nd 9 connection ) v>i\s subjects su* z play+ & l&+ a tr\t1 me?ods ( prev5t+ drag1 & s on2 9 fact1 9 "o way or ano!r ! me?od is ess5tially a "p ( practically e phase ( ! purely manual side ( dry or wet fly fi%+4 ,x has be5 not$ above t ! ov]head ca/1 al?\gh ! typical ca/ & ! "o1 by ! way1 ) :i* ! greate/ accuracy & di/ance may be atta9$1 is less us$ 9 dry fly fi%+ ?an ! horizontal2 9 ! latt] ! rod1 9 ! back & =w>d ca/s1 moves 9 a plane ab\t p>allel ) ! wat]4 ,! reason = ?is pref]5ce is a v real & practical "o al?\gh difficult to expla9 9 detail2 ! fact ( ! matt] is1 h[ev]1 t ! horizontal ca/ is f> m apt to cock ! fly--to place x ^u ! surface ( ! /ream ) its w+s upright & n float+ on its side--?an is ! ov]head4 ,! read] %\ld c>efully note ! above po9t &1 :]ev] x may be possible1 always employ ! horizontal ca/4 ,x w\ld n d to say t e tr\t w\ld refuse to rise to ! fly :5 float+ d[n on its side--al?\gh ,i h se5 a /atem5t made to t effect2 b ) %y fi% ! probability ( a rise to ! correctly cock$ & float+ fly is great] ?an to ! fly com+ d[n upset4 ,ap>t f ! kn[n advantage ( ! horizontal ca/ cock+ ! fly is a matt] q beyond ! ca/]'s control4 ,:]e !re is smoo?ly fl[+ wat] ) little *ance ( drag1 & little if any w9d1 if ! fly is ca/ ) "s skill x w float prop]ly ) w+s upright m (t5 ?an n4 ,if ! horizontal ca/ _c be us$1 ow+ to ! con=mation ( ! banks or o!r reasons1 ! ca/] 9 employ+ ! ov]head ca/ %\ld direct 8 fly at an imag9>y po9t 9 ! air "s two or ?ree feet directly above ! spot :]e he int5ds to place ! fly2 ! great] delicacy 9 deliv]+ ! fly result+ f ?is w t5d to multiply ! *ances ( cock+ ! fly4 ,z ,i h said1 ! horizontal ca/ is made by sw++ ! rod1 9 ! back & =w>d ca/s1 9 a plane p>allel )1 or slightly above1 ! wat]4 ,! back ( ! ca/]'s h& %\ld be turn$ t[>d ! wat]1 ! f+]s upp]mo/4 ,! attempt to ca/ too long a l9e1 or ! slighte/ delay 9 />t+ ! =w>d ca/1 w cause ! fly to fall ^u ! wat] beh9d y--a ?+ to be religi\sly avoid$4 ,! above includes ! ess5tial details ( ! fir/ phase ( ca/+ ! dry fly--! actual ca/ :i* places ! fly1 cock$ & float+1 ^u ! wat] ov] a tr\t :i* has be5 se5 to rise or :]e ! angl] may h reason to believe a fi% is ly+1 ! latt] be+ m frequ5tly ! case ^u ,am]ican /reams4 ,we come n[ to ! second phase ( dry fly ca/+1 ! subsequ5t manipulation ( ! fly 9 su* a mann] t x simulates z accurately z possible ! action ( ! natural fly float+ 9 a l position4 ,! importance ( simulat+ ) all possible fidelity ! action ( ! natural insect has previ\sly be5 emphasiz$2 ! subject is "o ( v broad application1 b at pres5t we may note m]ely ! necessity ( up/ream ca/+4 ,i believe t pr9t$ briefs = or aga9/ up or d[n /ream fi%+ ) ! fly are we>isome to ! av]age well-read & exp]i5c$ angl]2 :]e=e brevity 9 discuss+ ?is po9t seems advisable4 ,z reg>ds wet fly fi%+ any broad-m9d$ angl] will+ly conc$es t "u c]ta9 conditions x is be/ to fi% ! /ream up & "u o!r conditions to fi% d[n4 ,! dry fly man1 h[ev]1 has no option 9 ! matt]2 reg>dless ( all o!r factors = up/ream fi%+1 ! practical fact rema9s t ! float+ fly _c be fi%$ d[n/ream = :5 ?us ca/ x is dr[n$ almo/ at once4 ,b ev5 if ?is 7 n ! case ! application ( ! rule ( exact imitation ( nature ^u :i* dry fly fi%+ is bas$ w\ld prove ! me?od ( ca/+ d[n/ream & pull+ ! fly up aga9/ ! tr5d ( ! curr5t :olly wrong4 ,ev5 ! wet fly %\ld nev] be fi%$ 9 ?is way4 ,p>5!tically1 ! pres5t writ] has always recogniz$ a di/9ction betwe5 fi%+ d[n/ream & ca/+ d[n/ream2 ! progress ( ! angl] may be ) ! direction ( ! curr5t--always mo/ advantage\s ^u ! swift & rocky m\nta9 tr\t /ream--:ile ! actual ca/+ may be cross-curr5t1 a v effective way ( fi%+ ! wet fly "u normal conditions1 or up/ream & slightly across if desirable4 ,:5 ^u ! wat] ! natural insect floats d[n/ream z ! curr5t directs x2 :]e=e1 z inv>iably z may be1 ! dry fly ca/] %\ld ca/ up/ream1 all[+ ! fly to float d[n t[>d him )\t re/ra9t f ! l9e1 foll[+ ! natural tr5d ( ! curr5t4 ,leav+ aside = lat] discussion ! matt] ( drag1 a /ate ( affairs :]e9 ! artificial fly t5ds to travel at an unnatural rate due to conflict+ curr5ts 9 ! /ream :i* affect l9e & fly diff]5tly1 & also pass+ ov] = ! mom5t c]ta9 o!r po9ts m or less intimately connect$ ) ! advisability ( up/ream ca/+1 !re rema9s = pres5t consid]ation ! matt] ( false ca/+1 or dry+ ! fly4 ,z a rule1 :5 ca/+ a fair am\nt ( l9e1 ! fly w be q free f moi/ure--if previ\sly well-wat]pro($--:5 ! angl] has aga9 l5g!n$ out 8 l9e aft] hav+ made a ca/ & all[$ ! fly to float d[n ov] ! wat] he desir$ to cov]4 ,unless ! fly has become ?or\ghly soak$ f\r or five false ca/s are en\gh4 ,^! %\ld be made z g5tly z possible to avoid :ipp+ ! fly2 ! con/ant ca/+ t5ds to %r$ ! w+s1 & if ?is results ! fly loses mu* ( its natural appe>ance & is m difficult to cock4 ,! long] ! l9e us$ :5 dry+ ! fly ! long] di/ance ! fly travels ?r\gh ! air2 ?us a less] numb] ( false ca/s are necess>y to dry x4 ,b x is bett] to take m "t1 use a %ort] l9e & m ca/s1 & endeavor n to :ip ! fly out ( %ape4 ,aft] play+ & l&+ a fi% ! fly w be ?or\ghly soak$ & draggl$4 ,ord9>ily x is !n be/ to put up a new fly2 if ?is seems unnecess>y1 mu* ( ! wat] c be remov$ by hold+ ! fly close to ! m\? & bl[+ (f ! moi/ure1 aft] :i* ! w+s %\ld be nurs$ into _! orig9al =m4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,:]e ,,& ,,:5 ,,to ,,use ,,! ,,float+ ,,fly ,be=e go+ fur!r into ! details ( ca/+ & fi%+ ! dry fly x w\ld be well to consid] at "s l5g? ! "q ( ! be/ times & ! mo/ favorable places :5 & :]e ! angl] w\ld be wise to dep5d solely ^u ! float]4 ,t ! fasc9ation ( dry fly fi%+ is su* t _m fly-fi%]m5 elect to practice no o!r me?od "u any & all conditions goes )\t say+1 b ! fact rema9s t "u av]age ,am]ican fly-fi%+ conditions ! float+ fly is sometimes at a disadvantage & ! av]age ,am]ican angl] may well accept ?is fact ) good grace1 us+ ! dry or sunk5 fly turn & turn ab\t z ! occasion det]m9es4 ,9 ?is ,i d n wi% to be und]/ood z hold+ any brief = ! wet z aga9/ ! dry fly = any su* reason z t bigg] bags may at times be kill$ ) ! wet fly ?an ) ! dry--x is m]ely a "q ( a few good fi% tak5 by fair me?ods "u ! prevail+ conditions4 ,if ^! may be tak5 by dry fly ca/+1 s mu* ! bett]2 if n1 !n assur$ly ! av]age angl]1 ^: fi%+ trips are few & to :om a mod]ate success on ! /ream seems v desirable1 may h rec\rse to ! wet fly )\t los+ ca/e4 ,t1 at times1 no?+ c be done fi%+ dry is a fact easily susceptible ( pro(4 ,p]sonally ,i h nev] s fully enjoy$ fly-fi%+ z ,i h s9ce tak+ up ! dry fly1 :i* ,i h n[ come to use almo/ exclusively & (t5 :5 ,i "k p]fectly well t m success w\ld att5d ! use ( ! sunk5 fly4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ,i take to be a /rictly p]sonal matt]2 my fi%+ opportunities are _m1 & al?\gh ,i am on ! /ream a great deal 7dur+ ! la/ t5 ye>s at ! v lea/ f\r days a week ?r\gh\t ! season7 x is only infrequ5tly t ,i g out ) any great desire to cat* fi%4 ,to ! g5]al run ( tr\t-fi%]m51 = ! reasons /at$ above1 ,i w\ld n advise ! exclusive use ( ! dry fly2 if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! angl] elects to practice ?is me?od to ! exclusion ( all o!rs1 t is 8 affair--& a matt] = congratulation4 ,x w\ld seem t ! ideal conditions = ! dry fly are some:at z foll[s3 ,a cle>1 smoo?ly fl[+ /ream1 :e!r fa/ or sl[ be+ immat]ial if ! surface is n too brok52 ! /age ( wat] %\ld be normal1 al?\gh at ! l[] levels1 z ! season advances1 ev]y?+ is 9 favor ( ! dry z aga9/ ! wet fly2 f9ally1 insect life %\ld be fairly abundant on ! /ream & ! tr\t fe$+ m or less at ! surface on ! natural fly4 ,9 ! e>ly days ( ! season1 :5 ! /ream is apt to be 9 flood & ! wat] v cold & m or less discolor$1 ! wet or sunk5 fly is pla9ly indicat$4 ,until1 ) ! progress ( spr+1 air & wat] h gr[n w>m1 & ! bright sun%9e br+s on ! natural ephem]idae1 ! fi% are usually gr\nd-fe$+1 or fe$+ 9 mid-wat]1 & w rise only infrequ5tly to ! fly fi%$ ^u ! surface4 ,at su* times ! fly ca/] :o holds to ! employm5t ( ! dry fly is doom$ to disappo9tm5t4 ,9 fact1 x w\ld seem t fly-fi%+ "u ^! conditions %\ld be done m along ! l9es ( bass or salmon fly-fi%+ --n ) ! idea ( simulat+ ev5 approximately ! natural insect food ( ! fi% b r ) ! purpose ( excit+ ! tr\t & induc+ !m to /rike by ! use ( a glitt]+ or highly color$ fly :i*1 fi%$ consid]ably b5ea? ! surface1 ar\ses _! curiosity or ang] or may be tak5 = a small m9n[4 ,?is /yle ( fi%+ ) ! fly is di/9ctly on a l[] level ?an ! correct imitation ( ! natural float+ insect by means ( ! dry fly2 nev]!less1 9 fairness to ! _m fi%]m5 ^: days on ! /ream are r>e & eag]ly anticipat$ ) att5dant hopes ( "s practical success1 ,i _c b advise ! use ( ! sunk5 fly "u ! conditions nam$ or :51 at any "t dur+ ! season1 some:at simil> conditions prevail4 ,9 an av]age season ! dry fly man may confid5tly expect success on suitable wat] f ab\t ! fir/ ( ,may to ! la/ days ( ! op5 "t4 ,! tr\t /reams are n[ cle> & at or bel[ ! normal /age ( wat]2 ! temp]ature ( ! wat] is ris+ /eadily2 ! obs]vant fly-fi%]man w note ! natural ephem]idae abundant at int]vals ov] & on ! /ream--& !re is no sight 9 nature 7at lea/ f ! writ]'s viewpo9t &1 ,i fancy1 f t ( all o!r tr\t fly-fi%]m57 m int]e/+ or m wond]ful ?an a good hat* ( duns4 ,) ! advance ( ! season & ! usual gradual fall+ ( ! wat]1 conditions ev] gr[ m & m 9 favor ( ! dry & aga9/ ! wet fly4 ,i c\ld easily cite num]\s in/ances :i* h occurr$ 9 bo? my own exp]i5ce & 9 t ( o!r angl]s :i* g to prove ! effectiv5ess ( ! float+ fly on l[1 cle> wat]1 late 9 ! season1 :5 ! wet fly is usually ineffectual4 ,)\t1 h[ev]1 go+ into n>rative detail1 x %\ld be suffici5tly obvi\s t1 "u ! conditions nam$1 a v delicately dress$ float+ fly1 9 appe>ance q simil> to ! natural ephem]idae common to ! /ream1 atta*$ to a practically invisible lead] & rid+ d[n buoyantly on ! surface1 ) w+s erect1 9 ! exact1 jaunty mann] ( ! natural dun1 is f> m apt to deceive ! fi% ?an two or m wet flies1 %apeless & draggl$1 ( dubi\s coloration1 pull$ across or aga9/ ! curr5t 9 a mann] nev] foll[$ by ! natural insect4 ,:]ev] a fly may be float$ ! dry fly is di/9ctly ! ?+ = late spr+ & summ] fi%+4 ,mu* has be5 said & writt5 conc]n+ ! "* ( ! /reams favorable = ! employm5t ( ! dry fly--t is1 z reg>ds ! natural *>act]i/ics ( ! wat] itself1 :e!r fa/ or sl[ 9 curr5t1 smoo? or brok51 %all[ or deep1 & s on4 ,! dry fly hav+ orig9at$ ^u ! placid curr5ts ( ! s\? ( ,engl& riv]s1 x is only natural t ! impression %\ld prevail t a float+ fly c be us$ effectively only on a sl[ /ream4 ,! practice & exp]i5ce ( ,am]ican fly-ca/]s has ?or\ghly prov$ ?is an errone\s !ory4 ,x may be tru?fully said t ! dry fly may be successfully us$ ^u all except :ite wat]4 ,x is n ! rate ( ! curr5t :i* det]m9es ! suitability ( ! float+ fly to any giv5 /ream2 :]ev] ! surface ( ! wat] is unbrok5 ! dry fly works well1 b :]e :ite wat] prevails1 al?\gh ! angl] may p]si/ 9 ! use ( ! dry fly1 actual dry fly fi%+ is impossible1 ! fly c only be made to float = an inf9itesimal l5g? ( "t1 is almo/ imm$iately dr[n$ by a wave or drawn "u by a :irlpool1 & ! result is a hybrid sort ( angl+ 9 ! nature ( wet fly fi%+ ) a dry fly4 ,! po9t has be5 made t ev5 "u ^! conditions x is be/ to use ! dry fly on ! gr\nd t1 dry or wet1 ! float+ fly is mat]ially1 9 =m & coloration1 a bett] imitation ( ! natural fly ?an is ! av]age wet fly4 ,"u l circum/ances ! natural insect acts 9 a simil> mann]1 t is1 is drawn "u ! surface 9 brok5 wat] & c>ri$ "h & !re by conflict+ curr5ts4 ,= "s "t x has be5 my cu/om to use dry flies = wet fly fi%+1 b ,i w\ld emphasize ! fact t fi%+ a dr[n$ dry fly 9 :ite wat] is h>dly g5u9e dry fly fi%+ & t any resultant success mu/ be accr$it$ to ! wet fly me?od4 ,any /atem5t to ! effect t ! dry fly may be us$ 9 ! rapids ( any tr\t /ream :]e :ite wat] is ! rule mu/ be tak5 ) a gra9 ( salt & ) due all[ance = ! en?usiasm ( ! man :o makes x4 ,9 any /ream ! swift runs :]e ! wat] is smoo? may be v effectively fi%$ ) ! dry fly2 tak+ an av]age ( ,am]ican tr\t /reams1 except+ ! small] rocky1 m\nta9 brooks 7g5]ally a succession ( %all[1 r\gh rapids ) comp>atively few smoo? places7 x may be said t a fly may be q successfully float$ ov] probably ?ree-qu>t]s ( ! wat] compris$4 ,by smoo? wat] ,i d n wi% to be und]/ood z mean+ absolutely flat wat]--! float+ fly w ride a wave or a succession ( !m ) surpris+ buoyancy2 b if ! cre/s ( ! waves are brok5 into m9iature :ite-caps !n ! fly is soon dr[n$4 ,! wet fly1 or wet fly me?ods1 %\ld be foll[$ :]ev] ! wat] is ( ! latt] description4 ,! writ]'s own cu/om :5 fi%+ a /ream :]e9 smoo? & :ite wat] alt]nate con/antly is to use a s+le dry fly1 a coa*man or ,wickham's fancy1 ca/+ dry or wet z ! nature ( ! /ream may seem to r5d] exp$i5t4 ,9 l9e ) a g5]al discussion ( ! times & localities :5 & :]e ! dry fly is indicat$ x %\ld possibly be not$ t dry fly ca/+1 z ! m clev] me?od & design$ p>ticul>ly = ! purpose ( angl+ = educat$ tr\t1 %\ld be favor$ ov] wet fly fi%+ on any /ream :i* is :ipp$ a great deal by wet fly fi%]m54 ,t ! tr\t ( su* a /ream gr[ gut %y & exce$+ly canny &1 at be/1 :5 ! /ream is cle> & natural insect food some:at abundant1 rise reluctantly to ! wet fly1 is axiomatic4 ,9 view ( ! f9e tackle1 ! f9esse1 & ! fidelity to nature af=d$ by ! dry fly me?od x w\ld seem t no angl] c\ld = a mom5t d\bt ! efficacy ( ! float+ fly "u su* circum/ances4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i believe--al?\gh practical exp]im5tation has nev] yet be5 possible--t a skilfully fi%$ wet fly1 on a /ream :]e dry fly fi%+ has become ! rule1 might1 on occasion1 by ! v novelty ( ! ?+1 be made to d wond]s4 ,f9ally1 z reg>ds ! g5]al "q ( :5 & :]e to use ! dry fly1 let me emphasize ! fact t1 = success1 ! sportsman mu/ h confid5ce 9 ! float] & use x con/antly :]ev] he may consi/5tly d s--t he mu/ n consid] 8 box ( dry flies z m]ely supplem5t>y to 8 famili>1 old-"t book ( wet flies1 b mu/ give pref]5ce to ! dry fly me?od1 consid] himself1 9 fact1 a dry fly fi%]man1 & h rec\rse to ! wet fly only :5 8 common fi%+ s5se adv]tises ! fact t ! float] is n ! ?+ = ! "t be+4 ,sporadic exp]im5tation ) ! dry fly :5 ! wet has fail$1 al?\gh frequ5tly successful 9 its purpose1 is n a true te/ ( ! efficacy ( ! me?od :5 foll[$ consi/5tly1 = ! degree ( true sport :i* ! dry fly is capable ( af=d+4 ,( all =ms ( angl+1 ! phrase x is n all ( fi%+ to cat* fi% is mo/ true ( fi%+ ) ! float+ fly4 ,com+ n[ to ! "q ( :5 & :]e to fi% ! float+ fly on wat] evid5tly suitable !re=1 9 view ( ! fact t ! ,am]ican dry fly ca/] ( necessity usually fi%es ! wat] r ?an ! rise1 x is evid5t t ! fly-fi%]man mu/ dep5d ^u 8 k ( tr\t haunts & habits 9 ! det]m9ation ( ?is matt]4 ,giv5 a /ream fairly abundantly /ock$ ) tr\t1 ei!r font9alis1 ! native speckl$ brook tr\t1 f>io1 ! br[n tr\t1 or ) ra9b[s1 :]e ! mo/1 ! be/1 or any tr\t w be f\nd1 is to a consid]able ext5t a matt] ( "t & temp]ature--not)/&+ :i* ! c>eful angl]1 & 9 p>ticul> ! dry fly fi%]man1 w proce$ to fi% all ! wat] except su* z may be kn[n to be b>r5 ( tr\t4 ,9 g5]al1 tr\t w be f\nd at ! head & foot ( riffles & rapids2 at ! head & tail ( pools2 9 ! lee ( rocks 9 swift runs2 "u %ady1 %elv+ banks & b\ld]s & simil> hides2 p>ticul>ly 9 w>m wea!r1 :]e small1 cold1 spr+-f$ brooks ent] ! tr\t /ream2 & any:]e :]e ! set ( ! curr5t1 z 9 little bays & on ! b5ds1 is su* z to collect insect food 9 quantity4 ,really ! angl] ne$ only rememb] t tr\t require cold1 mov+1 & arat$ wat]1 especially brook tr\t1 & ! same ?+ is true ( br[n tr\t 9 some:at less] degree4 ,to enl>ge ^u ! matt] fur!r w\ld be impracticable "h4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 /ream exp]i5ce alone w enable ! angl] to spot confid5tly & ) precision ! places :]e a good tr\t may be ly+4 ,ea* tr\t tak5 by an obs]vant fly-fi%]man adds to ! angl]'s sum ( k reg>d+ :]e ! tr\t hide2 x w\ld seem t a m5tal picture ( ! place is reta9$ subconsci\sly--! tr5d ( ! curr5t1 ! "* ( ! banks & /ream-b$1 & :]e1 9 relation to "s prom95t object1 su* z a l>ge b\ld] or possibly a sunk5 log1 ! tr\t rose2 all ^! & o!r details are not$ & m5tally record$1 & ev5tually ! angl]1 by ! correlation & association ( ^! m5tal pictures1 comes to recognize in/antly1 almo/ to a matt] ( in*es1 ! places :]e a rise may be expect$4 ,t an exp]i5c$ fly-fi%]man c tell almo/ to a matt] ( in*es :]e a tr\t w rise may seem1 to ! casual read]1 to be putt+ x r /rongly4 ,h[ev]1 inquiry ( "s sportsman ( _m seasons' exp]i5ce ) ! fly-rod w def9itely settle ! matt] "o way or ano!r4 ,:ile1 inde$1 ! "* ( ,am]ican tr\t /reams is su* z to def9itely disc\rage fi%+ ! rise purely1 x _c be too /rongly emphasiz$ t ! dry fly-angl]1 :ile fi%+ ! wat]1 %\ld con/antly be on ! look\t = a ris+ tr\t4 ,"t & "t aga91 :ile fi%+ a good pool or run :]e ! rise ( a tr\t c\ld be not$1 ! writ] has spott$ ris+ fi% to 8 v practical advantage4 ,9 ?is reg>d x might be well to note ! fact t a ris+ & fe$+ tr\t creates v little di/urbance on ! surface ( ! /ream1 & does n1 9 accordance ) ! popul> idea1 leap above ! surface2 sometimes !re is a slight plop1 & at times a little spray ?r[n1 b ! fi% v seldom %[s itself1 & tw5ty tr\t c\ld rise )9 ! vision ( an inexp]i5c$ & inatt5tive angl] )\t attract+ 8 att5tion4 ,^u glassy1 /ill pools ! subsequ5t wid5+ circle ( ripples tells ! pla9 /ory ( a rise2 9 a curr5t1 h[ev]1 ! actual rise mu/ be se5--& (t5 is if y are look+ = x4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,h[ ,,to ,,fi% ,,! ,,float+ ,,fly ,presum+ t ! angl] has outfitt$ correctly & t he is a fly-ca/] ( av]age ability1 & fur!r assum+ t ! /ream he is on is at lea/ fair dry fly wat]--:i* he w fi% up/ream manipulat+ ! fly ) :atev] skill he may comm& ) ! purpose ( imitat+ ! action & appe>ance ( ! natural fly float+ d[n on ! surface--success1 !n1 is pr$icat$ :olly 7ap>t f ! "q ( ! "r fly at ! "r "t7 ^u ! mann] 9 :i* ! fly is fi%$4 ,"u ?is head--h[ to fi% ! float+ fly--!re are _m po9ts = consid]ation1 ( :i* n ! lea/ 9 importance is ! matt] ( drag4 ,drag occurs :5 ! artificial fly travels at a rate diff]5t f t ( ! natural fly 9 ! same position--ei!r fa/] or sl[] or ) a t5d5cy to move across or contr>y to ! curr5t4 ,x is caus$ by conflict+ curr5ts :i* ex]t dissimil> =ces ^u fly & l9e4 ,! natural dun com+ d[n )\t re/ra9t1 ( c\rse1 f l9e or lead]1 is affect$ only by ! curr5t :]eon x floats2 ! artificial fly1 atta*$ to l9e & lead]1 sev]al feet ( :i* mu/ (t5 lie ^u ! surface1 is subject n only to ! rate & direction ( ! curr5t ^u :i* x floats1 b also--unless ! angl] s h&les 8 tackle z to prev5t x--to ! =ce & direction ( ! curr5ts :i* play ^u ! l9e & lead]4 ,?us1 :5 ! fly is s ca/ t x falls ^u /ill or sl[ wat] :ile ! l9e is all[$ to re/ ^u swift wat]1 ! artificial fly w at once drag rapidly across or ov] ! /ill place 9 an utt]ly unnatural mann]4 ,! natural fly w\ld re/ quietly ^u su* a place1 or1 if !re 7 a slight curr5t1 float sl[ly d[n/ream4 ,! =ego+ is an extreme case1 cit$ m]ely ) ! purpose ( mak+ cle> exactly :at is meant by ! expression drag4 ,ord9>ily :5 drag occurs ! conditions are r m subtle & complicat$ ?an 9 ! =ego+ example4 ,conv]sely to ! above1 :5 ! fly falls ^u swift wat] & ! l9e ^u sl[1 ! natural d[n/ream c\rse ( ! fly is ret>d$4 ,aga9 x (t5 happ5s t unless ! sportsman notes cle>ly ! tr5d ( ! curr5ts :]eon fly & l9e w re/1 he may ca/ a taut l9e ov] a place :]e ! curr5ts are actually mov+ 9 contr>y directions1 ! fly may re/ ^u a set-back 7a curr5t mov+ up/ream7 :ile ! l9e is c>ri$ d[n/ream ) ! g5]al tr5d ( ! /ream1 9 :i* case1 if ! natural curr5t is ! /rong] & a taut l9e is ?r[n1 ! fly w drag up/ream 9 relation to ! curr5t :]eon x floats1 & across & g5]ally q contr>y to ! action ( ! natural insect 9 ! same position4 ,9 ! matt] ( prev5t+ drag ,i ?9k t ! "o rule above all o!rs = ! sportsman to obs]ve is ?is3 ,be=e mak+ a ca/--by all means be=e ca/+ ov] a ris+ fi%--/udy c>efully ! tr5d ( ! curr5ts :i* may affect y\r l9e & fly4 ,9 o!r words1 ! be/ way to alleviate drag lies 9 ! ounce ( prev5tion :i* may be appli$ be=e ! ca/ is made4 ,x is g5]ally possible to ca/ ov] any giv5 place or ov] a ris+ tr\t f a numb] ( diff]5t po9ts2 "o ( ^! w be f\nd to (f] ! lea/ *ance ( drag4 ,! necessity ( obviat+ drag1 s f> z possible1 arises f ! fact t a %y tr\t1 fe$+ on ! natural ephem]idae1 is n apt to rise to ! imitation--h[ev] good--:i* comes ov] x 9 an unusual way4 ,a fe$+ tr\t1 possibly ris+ f a fix$ vantage po9t :]efrom x c easily see & capture ! duns float+ d[n on ! surface )9 /rik+ di/ance1 w1 z a rule1 rise only to ! artificial fly :i* floats 9 an exactly simil> mann] to t ( ! natural flies :i* come )9 its vision4 ,! novice %\ld also be> ?is 9 m9d & religi\sly obs]ve x3 ,avoid any upw>d or backw>d motion ( ! rod at ! in/ant :5 ! fly falls ^u ! wat] or imm$iately !reaft]4 ,9 l9e ) ?is x may also be said t no matt] h[ fa/ ! curr5t may be1 ! angl] %\ld nev] beg9 to /rip 9 ! l9e until ! fly is well />t$ on its d[n/ream j\rney4 ,! season$ wet fly-fi%]man1 ^u 8 initial attempts at ca/+ ! dry fly1 w d\btless f9d t he has an habitual t5d5cy to raise ! po9t ( ! rod at ! mom5t :5 ! =w>d ca/ has be5 complet$ & ! fly has j fall5 ^u ! surface ( ! /ream2 if ?is is done1 ! fly is at once pull$ "u ! surface--dr[n$--& ! habit is "o :i* mu/ be con/antly resi/$4 ,! same may be said ( ! t5d5cy to beg9 /ripp+ 9 ! l9e prematurely :ile x is /ill taut2 ! slighte/ pull ^u ! l9e at ?is "t is at once communicat$ to ! fly & ei!r drags or dr[ns x4 ,! prop] & /rictly necess>y proc$ure1 !n1 = ! dry fly-ca/] is ?is3 ,at ! completion ( ! =w>d ca/ hold ! rod absolutely motionless = a mom5t until ! fly1 float+ d[n1 has creat$ m or less slack l9e1 9 accordance ) ! "* ( ! wat] ov] :i* ! ca/ has be5 made2 !n sl[ly br+ up ! tip ( ! rod or c>efully /rip 9 ! l9e1 or bo?1 be>+ 9 m9d t to float ! fly successfully !re mu/ always be m or less slack l9e betwe5 rod-po9t & fly4 ,z above not$1 ! be/ way to prev5t drag is to fir/ /udy ! nature ( ! wat] ov] :i* ! ca/ is to be made1 ev5tually ca/+ f ! /& :i* seems mo/ favorable = ! ca/'s com+ (f well4 ,if1 h[ev]1 x is absolutely necess>y to ca/ s t ! fly w fall ^u a sl[] curr5t ?an w ! l9e or ^u a swift] run ?an w affect ! l9e1 ! only rem$y is to ca/ a slack l9e--! fly w !n float = a great] or less di/ance )\t re/ra9t4 ,if ! fly is ca/ ^u a /ill or sl[ place :ile ! l9e re/s ^u swift wat]1 drag w n set up until ! slack l9e has pass$ d[n/ream & beg9s to pull ^u ! fly4 ,9 ! opposite in/ance1 :5 ! fly is on a swift run & ! l9e 9 sl[ wat]1 ! ca/ be+ s made t ! slack lies 9 ! swift] curr5t1 ! fly w float )\t drag until x has tak5 up ! slack1 :5 ! l9e w ret>d x4 ,h[1 :51 & :]e drag w occur is n only a matt] ( ! set & /r5g? ( ! curr5ts act+ ^u fly & l9e1 b also dep5d5t ^u ! po9t f :i* ! angl] ca/s 9 relation to ! curr5ts--obvi\sly a matt] :i* _c be detail$ 9 a mann] to cov] satisfactorily ev5 a few ( ! situations :]e drag is likely to occur4 ,! angl] mu/ practically solve ea* problem ( ?is sort = himself1 z x is pres5t$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! day's fi%+4 ,b 9 practically e case ! slack-l9e ca/1 v>i$ to suit ! occasion1 is ! be/ way out ( ! difficulty4 ,! usual way 9 :i* ! slack-l9e ca/ is made may be describ$ z foll[s3 ,! angl]1 9 l5g!n+ out 8 l9e1 /rips f ! reel a numb] ( feet m ?an w be necess>y to rea* ! spot :]e he desires to place ! fly2 !n1 ! l9e hav+ be5 ext5d$1 9 mak+ ! f9al =w>d ca/ ! rod is mom5t>ily b decid$ly *eck$ :5 half way1 or possibly a little m1 ?r\gh ! =w>d sw+1 ) ! result t ! l9e is d\bl$ back ^u itself & ! fly settles d[n ^u ! surface at ! end ( a consid]able loop ( l9e & lead]4 ,! motion ( ! rod %\ld be /opp$ only = an in/ant1 & ! rod %\ld !n be c>ri$ d[n to its usual position at ! end ( ! =w>d ca/1 ab\t p>allel ) ! wat]4 ,a v>iation ( ! above me?od ( ca/+ a slack l9e1 "o :i* ! writ] has f\nd v useful at times1 :ile ess5tially simil> to ! me?od describ$1 diff]s some:at 9 t a loop ( slack l9e1 drawn f ! reel by ! left h& :ile l5g!n+-out1 is prematurely releas$1 :5 mak+ ! la/ =w>d ca/1 ! result be+ t ! extra l9e does n %oot out /raight1 b comes d[n curv$ & slack ^u ! surface4 ,to make ! slack-l9e ca/ & place ! fly accurately--z :5 ca/+ to a ris+ tr\t--is a matt] ( mu* practice1 &1 x may be admitt$1 sometimes equally a matt] ( mu* good luck4 ,al?\gh ! matt] ( /rik+ a ris+ tr\t w be treat$ 9 a subsequ5t *apt]1 x %\ld p]haps be not$ "h t ! season$ wet fly fi%]man1 accu/om$ to fi%+ a fairly taut l9e1 w soon le>n to /rike 8 tr\t ) ! loose l9e mo/ (t5 us$ 9 dry fly ca/+ ) really few] resultant misses ?an is ! av]age :5 us+ ! sunk5 fly & a tight l9e fi%$ d[n/ream or p>tly d[n & across4 ,t ! av]age angl] ^: dry fly k is conf9$ :olly to a great] or less] famili>ity ) ! lit]ature ( ! subject1 s]i\sly d\bts 8 ability--or t ( any man--to /rike 8 fi% successfully ) a slack l9e is1 ,i am sure1 a fact2 & ?is id5tical ?+1 possibly m ?an any?+ else1 is responsible = ! hesitancy ) :i* ! confirm$ wet fly fi%]man turns to ! dry fly4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 ! trick is soon pick$ up & ! angl] f9ds 8 p]c5tage ( tr\t well-hook$ really l>g] ?an :5 wet fly fi%+4 ,two ( ! *ief reasons = ?is are t ! dry fly1 be+ a v close imitation ( ! natural insect 9 appe>ance & 7:5 prop]ly fi%$7 9 action1 is g5]ally tak5 by ! fi% ) f> m confid5ce ?an is ! wet fly2 z a result few] fi% are m]ely f\l-hook$ by *ance or simply prick$1 & unless ! fly is miss$ entirely--ev5 ! natural fly is miss$ at times--! tr\t is g5]ally well-fa/5$4 ,also1 inasmu* z ! dry fly is fi%$ up/ream1 &1 z a rule1 ! angl] is bel[ ! ris+ fi%1 ! direction ( ! /rike is t[>d ! fi% & n away f x1 z is frequ5tly ! case :5 ca/+ ! wet fly d[n/ream4 ,t ! t5d5cy t[>d e/abli%+ a satisfactory connection is great] 9 ! fir/ in/ance %\ld be obvi\s4 ,! angl] has only to le>n to disreg>d ! slack loop 9 8 l9e--:i*1 ( c\rse1 mu/ nev] be all[$ to get absolutely beyond control--& to /rike ) c]ta9ly no m =ce ?an he has be5 accu/om$ to use 9 wet fly fi%+4 ,to recapitulate1 be=e go+ on to discuss 9 a m g5]al way ! matt] ( fi%+ ! float+ fly1 x w\ld seem t ! *ief po9ts = ! dry fly-ca/] to obs]ve are some:at z foll[s3 ,to use a s+le float+ fly g5]ally select$ z to size & color ) reg>d to ! natural ephem]idae common on ! /ream at ! "t2 to ca/ ! fly up/ream1 all[+ x to come d[n aft] ! mann] ( ! natural insect1 favor+ ! horizontal ca/ to insure1 z f> z may be1 cock+ ! fly2 to avoid imm$iately rais+ ! po9t ( ! rod or /ripp+ 9 l9e at ! f9i% ( ! =w>d ca/1 b to hold ! rod motionless until ! fly is well />t$ on its d[n/ream c\rse2 f9ally1 to avoid drag by ca/+ a slack l9e4 ,9 g5]al1 dry fly-fi%+ z done 9 ,am]ica naturally divides into fi%+ ! wat] & fi%+ ! rise4 ,! dry fly ca/] :5 fi%+ all ! wat] %\ld proce$ mu* aft] ! mann] ( ! wet fly fi%]man3 ! angl] :o has be5 accu/om$ to fi% up/ream ) ! wet fly ne$ n alt] 8 g5]al me?ods 9 ! lea/1 save z reg>ds float+ ! fly & avoid+ drag4 ,z a rule1 x is be/ to foll[ or wade along ! left bank1 look+ up/ream1 z ?is w give y an unob/ruct$ "r-h&$ horizontal ca/4 ,z ! dry fly man works up/ream & ! tr\t habitually lie fac+ ! curr5t1 ! c>eful & quiet angl] seldom ne$s to ca/ a long l9e--provid$1 ( c\rse1 he is ca/+ practically /raight up & actually /alk+ ! fi% f beh9d4 ,b :5 ca/+ diagonally up & across f ei!r bank1 9 :i* mann] x may happ5 t a great deal ( ! wat] may be mo/ advantage\sly work$1 ! famili> fact t keep+ out ( sight is half ! battle 9 tr\t-fi%+ mu/ nev] be =gott54 ,?is "t-honor$ rule ( ! tr\t-fi%]man is1 x w\ld seem1 q frequ5tly neglect$ by ev5 ! mo/ exp]i5c$ angl]s1 its non-obs]vance (t5 con/itut+ ! inexplicable reason = failure :5 ca/+ to a ris+ fi% or :5 fi%+ a good pool4 ,x is always be/ to use ! %orte/ l9e compatible ) safety1 con/antly be>+ 9 m9d ! well-kn[n v acute vision ( ! tr\t4 ,! *ances ( fail+ to hook a ris+ fi% or ( ev5tually los+ a fi% successfully fa/5$ increase measurably ) ! l5g? ( l9e 9 use4 ,moreov]1 ) a %ort l9e x is easi] to prev5t drag because !re is less l9e ^u ! wat]4 ,on w9dy days :5 ! ord9>ily smoo? rea*es are *oppy1 & always :5 fi%+ ! swift]1 brok5 runs1 a ?irty1 ev5 a tw5ty-five-foot ca/ is ample1 if y are fi%+ ne>ly up/ream & take pa9s to sw+ ! rod l[4 ,on sev]al occasions1 hav+ all[$ my fly to float d[n v close to me 9 ord] to lift x f ! wat] )\t wett+ 7if y lift y\r fly f ! wat] :5 x is well away f y1 ! pull ^u ! subm]g$ lead] drags x "u71 ,i h _h a rise less ?an five feet away4 ,b to successfully fi% close-up1 ! angl]'s progress mu/ be sl[1 c>eful1 & quiet1 & ! rod mu/ be kept d[n l[4 ,ov]head motion1 m ?an any?+ else1 al>ms ! fi%4 ,y h only to pass y\r h& ov] a c ( f+]l+ tr\t fre% f ! hat*]y to v]ify ?is & to appreciate ! in/9ctive al>m ( tr\t at any?+ mov+ 9 ! air above !m4 ,avoid quick motions--9 fact1 dry fly fi%+ is a game :i* simply _c be successfully play$ 9 a hurry4 ,n infrequ5tly ! d[n/ream wet fly fi%]man cov]s sev]al miles ( wat] 9 a day's fi%+--,i "k1 because ,i h done x innum]able times myself1 & ,i d n say t !re is n mu* *>m1 good ex]cise1 & g5]ally a few fi% to be f\nd 9 ?is sort ( fi%+4 ,b any?+ ( ! k9d is /rictly incompatible ) prop]ly fi%+ ! dry fly4 ,! wet fly man :o takes up ! dry fly me?od %\ld und]/& at ! outset t ! ca/-once-&-walk-a-mile sort ( fly-fi%+ is simply out ( ! "q4 ,if y "k y\r /ream1 select a mod]ate rea* ( evid5tly good dry fly wat]1 & fi% x leisurely1 delib]ately1 & se>*+ly4 ,keep an eye out = ris+ fi%1 & obs]ve closely ! natural insects1 if any1 ab\t & on ! wat]4 ,cov] all ! wat] ?or\ghly1 float+ y\r fly n once b sev]al times ov] ! be/ places4 ,if ! wat] is equally good f bank to bank1 let ea* ca/ be n m ?an two feet to ! "r ( ! prec$+ "o1 beg9n+ "u y\r own bank 7g5]ally ! left fac+ up/ream7 & work+ across ! /ream4 ,!n move up sl[ly & proce$ to cov] ! unfi%$ wat] above 9 a simil> mann]4 ,pools %\ld be fi%$ 9 ! same way--cov]$ ?or\ghly f foot to head4 ,! matt] ( ! mo/ likely places to look = tr\t has be5 discuss$ 9 a =ego+ *apt] & ne$ n be reconsid]$ "h4 ,! sugge/ions to foll[ on ca/+ to a ris+ fi% w also be f\nd to h a g5]al application 9 _m ways to fi%+ ! wat]4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,h[ ,,to ,,fi% ,,! ,,float+ ,,fly 7,cont9u$7 ,ca/+ purely to ! rise is ! or?odox way ( dry fly fi%+ on ! ,engli% *alk /reams2 t ?is mann] ( fi%+ ! float] is ( necessity subord9at$ to fi%+ all ! wat] on ,am]ican /reams has be5 m5tion$ h]et(ore4 ,save 9 extremely favorable localities :]e ! conditions closely approximate ^? ( ! ,briti% /reams1 /alk+ ! fi% is practically love's labor lo/4 ,h[ev]1 l>ge1 quiet pools may be fi%$ 9 ?is way if ! angl] selects ! mo/ propiti\s "t = ris+ tr\t--9 ! w>m season a little be=e sund[n & = "s "t !reaft]4 ,ext5sive1 quiet rea*es :]e ! fi%+ is op5 may also at times be resort$ to ) ! idea ( ca/+ to ! rise1 & "s fair sport obta9$4 ,reg>d+ ! sport+ m]its ( ! two me?ods1 ,i p]sonally am sure t if conditions all[$ ,i w\ld nev] ca/ a fly except to a ris+ tr\t4 ,! visible rise ( a tr\t always appe>s 9 ! nature ( a *all5ge1 & my inability to get away f a place :]e ,i positively "k a good tr\t is locat$ has frequ5tly result$ 9 my return ) a pretty light creel4 ,:5 ca/+ ov] a pool1 no matt] h[ good1 :ile fi%+ all ! wat]1 lack ( success ev5tually bre$s a d\bt z to ! pres5ce ( a tr\t !re92 angl]s go+ be=e may h tempor>ily fi%$ x out or = "s o!r reason1 ! pool may be b>r5 at ! "t4 ,b :5 ca/+ ov] a ris+ tr\t ev]y?+ is c]ta9 & well-def9$4 ,y "k :]e ! fi% is locat$1 or at lea/ :]e he came up2 y g5]ally h a pretty fair idea ( 8 size2 if duly obs]vant y c guess closely to :at sort ( natural fly ! fi% rose1 ev]y?+ is sure save ! ev5tual capture ( t p>ticul> tr\t4 ,y are fairly c]ta9 t if ! "r fly is put ov] ! fi% 9 ! "r way success w foll[4 ,x is up to y4 ,to ca/ ) "s und]/&+ to a ris+ tr\t1 x is v necess>y t ! angl] be some:at famili> ) ! habits ( ! fi% :5 fe$+ ^u ! float+ insect & also be fairly conv]sant ) ! life hi/ories ( :at may be t]m$ ! fi%+ flies4 ,t rises occur :5 ! fi% are n fe$+1 t sometimes ! tr\t roll up to or leap above ! surface1 is well kn[n to ! exp]i5c$ /ream fi%]man4 ,) ?is feature ( ! matt] we are n "h conc]n$2 ! habit has be5 v>i\sly acc\nt$ = by angl]s & ic?yologi/s b ! motive ( ! fi% 9 ?us act+ is /ill debatable4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 ! angl] may safely conclude t any visible rise--save g5]ally a cle> leap above ! surface--is a rise to ! natural fly by a fe$+ tr\t until ! contr>y may appe> f ! att5dant circum/ances4 ,x is ) ! bona fide rise ( a tr\t to ! float+ natural fly t ! dry fly ca/] is *iefly conc]n$4 ,b 9 ?is connection x %\ld be not$ t ! fe$+ ( tr\t ^u ! natural insect is by no means conf9$ to ! "t ( ! latt]'s appe>ance /rictly on ! surface4 ,( ! wat]-br$ insects ! ,ephem]idae1 call$ duns :5 9 ! sub-imago /ate1 occupy ! place ( greate/ importance 9 ! entomology ( ! dry fly fi%]man4 ,9 a lat] *apt] some?+ is said ( ! common] insect life ( ! /ream2 x %\ld "h be not$1 h[ev]1 t tr\t fe$ ^u ! ,ephem]idae1 = in/ance1 at all /ages ( _! exi/5ce4 ,f ! eggs deposit$ ^u or 9 ! wat] by ! adult insect1 or sp9n]1 9 due "t ! nymphs are hat*$4 ,^u ^! ! tr\t fe$ at times on ! /ream-b$ & 9 ! we$s1 nos+ ^u ! bottom & 9 ! aquatic vegetation 9 some:at ! same way z ! common suck] or ! ,g]man c>p g ab\t _! bus9ess ( draw+ su/5ance f ! muck & we$s ( ! /ream-b$4 ,?is habit ( ! tr\t1 :5 foll[$ 9 %all[ wat]1 results 9 an occasional di/urbance ( ! surface by ! tails ( ! fi% & is call$ tail+ 9 ! nom5clature ( ! ,engli% dry fly fi%]man4 ,9 ?is connection x %\ld be not$1 h[ev]1 t ! nymphs ( ! ,ephem]idae :i* burr[ "u rocks & 9 ! /ream-b$ & !re rema9 until ab\t to assume ! fir/ w+$1 or dun1 /ate are practically inaccessible to ! fi%1 al?\gh d\btless tak5 at times4 ,tail+ tr\t are usually fe$+ ^u caddis & o!r l>vae4 ,subsequ5tly ! nymphs1 hav+ und]gone c]ta9 physical *anges :ile 9 ! nymphal /age1 are ready to rise to ! surface1 ca/ (f ! nymphal %uck or envelope1 & em]ge into ! air 9 ! fir/ w+$ /ate 7sub-imago7 at :i* "t1 z not$1 !y are call$ duns4 ,dur+ ! rise ( ! nymphs to ! surface1 :5 ab\t to assume ! dun /ate1 !y are (t5 tak5 by ! tr\t ) avidity1 & frequ5tly :5 ! nymph has ne>$ ! surface a tr\t tak+ x w visibly di/urb ! surface or break wat]--aga9 9 dry fly p>lance call$ bulg+4 ,gr\nd-fe$+ or tail+ tr\t & tr\t fe$+ 9 mid-wat] ^u nymphs float+ up to ! surface--bulg+ tr\t--are manife/ly n g5u9ely ris+ fi%4 ,to consid] briefly once m ! life hi/ory ( ! ,ephem]idae3 :5 ! hat* is on1 ! nymph ^u rea*+ ! surface splits op5 ! nymphal envelope & at once takes w+ z a dun--an ephem]al fly 9 ! sub-imago or fir/ w+$ /ate4 ,:5 ! duns are ?us hat*+ ! fly may float = "s little di/ance :ile ridd+ itself ( ! nymphal envelope & dry+ its w+s = flight2 a rise to ! fly at ?is "t is a true rise4 ,x w\ld seem1 h[ev]1 f v close obs]vation ( ! wat] dur+ a good _m pl5tiful hat*es ( duns1 t only an occasional insect1 z comp>$ ) ! great numb]s hat*+1 rema9s ^u ! wat] = any appreciable "t :ile und]go+ ! metamorphosis f nymph to dun--! *ange is 9 mo/ cases practically in/antane\s4 ,y may select any c]ta9 area ( wat]1 :5 duns are em]g+ con/antly f e "p ( a pool1 & wat* t c]ta9 area ) ! utmo/ int5tness2 ! *ances are y w n see a s+le fly actually ^u ! wat] al?\gh _m d1 inde$1 em]ge f ! wat] "u obs]vation & fly away4 ,9 ,am]ican ,insects ,pr(essor ,v]non ,l4 ,kellogg1 ( ,lel& ,/an=d ,univ]sity1 writes z foll[s3 ,at ! end ( ! immature life ! nymphs rise to ! surface1 & aft] float+ !re a %ort "t sudd5ly split op5 ! cuticle along ! back & aft] h>dly a second's pause exp& ! delicate w+s & fly away4 ,"s nymphs br\ght into ! laboratory f a wat]+ tr\gh at ,/an=d ,univ]sity em]g$ "o aft] ! o!r f ! aqu>ium ) amaz+ quickness4 ,?is f an und\bt$ au?ority1 ) my own exp]i5ce1 comp>atively %ort b to ! same end1 leads me to believe t rises to ! duns on ! surface at ! "t ( metamorphosis f ! nymph are c]ta9ly less frequ5t ?an commonly believ$ & impli$ by dry fly writ]s2 ! rise w\ld h to come at su* an acutely psy*ological in/ant t ! *ances are altoge!r too _m aga9/ x4 ,9 fact x w\ld seem t :5 ! duns are hat*+ _m1 p]haps mo/1 rises are to ! float+ nymph & n to ! w+$ insect4 ,autopsy %[s a m>k$ prepond]ance ( l>vae & nymphae ab\t to *ange to ! w+$ /ate ov] w+$ insects 9 ! /oma*s ( tr\t tak5 "u natural conditions4 ,fur!rmore1 ,i might quote ,mr4 ,hal=d :51 9 discuss+ bulg+ tr\t1 he says3 ,fi%1 :5 fe$+ on l>vae & nymphae1 at times rise quietly1 )\t mov+ ab\t f place to place4 ,x is almo/ impossible "u ^! circum/ances to di/+ui% ! app>5t f bona fide rises4 ,all ( :i* does n militate 9 ! lea/ aga9/ ! !ory t ! artificial fly %\ld correspond ) ! natural2 :5 a decid$ hat* is on ! tr\t are fully aw>e ( ! nature ( ! preval5t fly & if fe$+ ^u x are q likely to notice no o!r ei!r natural or artificial4 ,b ! !ory does1 inde$1 expla9 "s phases ( dry fly fi%+ :i* o!rwise are q inexplicable2 = in/ance1 inability to induce a rise to ! prop]ly fi%$ w+$ artificial :5 its correspond+ natural is hat*+ & app>5t rises to x are evid5tly common4 ,x seems fairly c]ta9 t at su* times ! fi% are fe$+ exclusively on ! float+ nymphs1 tak+ !m on ! surface 9 practically ! same way z ! w+$ dun is tak54 ,also fi% ?us fe$+ w\ld h>dly come )9 ! te*nical def9ition ( bulg+ tr\t z t t]m is g5]ally und]/ood4 ,hav+ assum$ ! fir/ w+$ /ate1 sci5tifically ! sub-imago1 ! duns !reaft] are ^u ! wat] m or less dur+ its cont9uance1 sometimes bl[n ^u ! wat] or desc5d+ to ! surface )\t app>5t reason1 & ! tr\t rise to & fe$ ^u !m :5 9 ! mood4 ,9 a %ort "t ! dun or sub-imago und]goes ano!r metamorphosis to ! imago or sp9n]--! adult insect4 ,! male sp9n]s are subsequ5tly ^u ! wat] 9 a sp5t or practically lifeless condition foll[+ ! completion ( ! act ( coition4 ,! latt] takes place ov] ! /ream to :i* ! female sp9n] !n desc5ds to void h] eggs4 ,?is1 ) "s species1 is done ^u ! surface1 ! fly float+ d[n/ream ! :ile ev5tually to rise aga9 & fly1 g5]ally x w\ld seem1 up/ream--unless ! program is incont95tly halt$ by ! accurate rise ( a tr\t4 ,! sp5t sp9n]s 7sp5t gnats7 also s]ve z food = ! tr\t--! male :5 x has complet$ ! act ( procreation & falls to ! /ream1 ! female :5 all ! eggs h be5 void$4 ,exclud+1 !n1 bottom-fe$+ or tail+ fi%1 also fi% fe$+ ^u nymphs ei!r 9 mid-wat] or1 z not$1 practically ^u ! surface1 ! tr\t fe$ ^u ! ,ephem]idae fir/ z duns & subsequ5tly :51 z sp9n]s1 ! female floats on ! surface :5 void+ h] eggs1 & ^u bo? males & females :5 sp5t4 ,be=e ca/+ to a ris+ tr\t ! angl] %\ld1 z f> z may be1 det]m9e ! nature ( ! rise & ! fly to :i* x 0 made4 ,! "q ( ! "r fly hav+ be5 decid$1 x rema9s only = ! angl] to put ! fly ov] ! fi% 9 ! "r way4 ,:5 y see ! rise ( a presumably fe$+ tr\t1 spot x c>efully2 t is1 make v sure ( ! exact spot :]e ! fi% rose4 ,unless ?is is done x w be necess>y to wait = ano!r rise1 :i* may nev] come1 or to ca/ haphaz>dly ov] ! approximate place1 :i* usually results 9 failure4 ,z a g5]al rule ! artificial mu/ travel 9 practically ! same pa? z ! natural fly if ! tr\t is to rise to x ,*oose y\r place f :i* to ca/ ov] ! tr\t ) two ?+s 9 m9d--to avoid be+ se5 by ! fi%1 & to less5 ! liability ( drag4 ,keep l[ & ca/ n a foot m l9e ?an necess>y4 ,d n ca/ to ! exact place ( ! rise2 drop y\r fly "s two or ?ree feet above x s t ! fly w float d[n ov] ! place :]e ! fi% rose4 ,moreov]1 if possible1 avoid ?r[+ y\r lead] ov] ! fi%--:i* w n occur unless y ca/ actually 9 l9e ) x f bel[4 ,if ! fi% fails to rise let y\r fly float well bel[ x be=e lift+ x f ! wat]--= :i* ! reason %\ld be obvi\s4 ,my own exp]i5ce leads me to believe t (t5 a tr\t w rise only to a fly1 natural or artificial1 float+ ov] a c]ta9 small area ( ! surface :i* sometimes ! fi% seems to h select$ = ! purpose ( fe$+2 if ! artificial fly fails to cov] ! exact spot to :i* ! tr\t is ris+ x may be ! fi% w :olly disreg>d x4 ,frequ5tly ,i h ca/ to a ris+ fi% & fail$ ?r\gh difficulties ( drag--& poor ca/+--to get ! fly ov] ! "r place 9 ! "r way until possibly ! fifte5? or tw5tie? ca/1 & 9 ! meantime h se5 ! fi% rise to ! natural fly )9 six in*es ( ! artificial4 ,b :5 ,i h _h ! "r fly & by d9t ( p]si/5t ca/+ h at la/ float$ x ov] ! exact spot--! dead l9e = ! natural fly--! response has almo/ always be5 in/antane\s & emphatic4 ,s ,i w\ld advise n lett+ up on a ris+ fi% until y are sure t :at may be t]m$ ! fe$+ zone ( ! tr\t--(t5 v re/rict$--has be5 cov]$ by y\r fly :ile cock$ & float+ 9 an absolutely natural way4 ,at ! same "t x is poor bus9ess to keep hamm]+ away at a v p>ticul> fi% = ! simple reason t ! m y ca/ to him ! m %y & f9icky he is apt to become--c]ta9ly if ! ca/+ is n done ) ! utmo/ possible skill & unobtrusiv5ess--& ev5tually y may set him d[n to /ay4 ,x is be/ to divide y\r att5tions1 fi%+ ! wat] above or bel[1 & return+ f "t to "t to make "s half-doz5 ca/s ov] ! reluctant "o4 ,i believe x pays be/ :5 fi%+ all ! wat] to use a fairly l>ge fly--z dry flies g--say a fly dress$ on a ,no4 #aj long-%ank$ hook4 ,i h _h p>ticul>ly good results f ! float]s ti$ on ^! long-%ank$ hooks & am ( ! op9ion t = av]age dry fly fi%+ "u ,am]ican conditions1 :5 fi%+ all ! wat]1 !y are m successful ?an ! or?odox patt]ns4 ,?is goes = ! l>g]1 deep] /reams &1 z not$1 = fi%+ all ! wat]4 ,= small /ream fi%+ small] flies are pref]able4 ,s f> z ,i "k dry fly patt]ns on ,no4 #aj long-%ank$ hooks are procurable only f ,william ,mills ,son1 ,new ,york4 ,b :5 ca/+ to a ris+ tr\t1 ev5 if y _c disc]n to :at fly ! fi% is ris+ x is be/ to disc>d ! fancy patt]n--h>e's e>1 ,wickham1 or coa*man1 :i* are g5]ally be/ to use :5 fi%+ all ! wat] = g5]al results--& to put up an imitation ( "s "o ( ! duns1 olive1 iron blue1 :irl+ blue1 & s on1 dress$ on a ,no4 #ab or #ad hook :i* be/ approximate 9 size ! natural ephem]a ord9>ily preval5t on ! tr\t /reams4 ,! common-s5se ( ?is %\ld n ne$ argum5t1 & x is be/ to try ! small dun be=e possibly sett+ d[n ! fi% ) a fancy patt]n4 ,f ! above x c\ld be ga!r$ t "o ( ! approximately exact imitations ( ! duns might be sup]ior to a s-call$ fancy patt]n = /eady fi%+1 fi%+ all ! wat]2 &1 inde$1 ^u occasions1 ?is is c]ta9ly ! case4 ,9 ! season ( #aiaa ,i 0 out "o day ) a wet fly fi%]man on "o ( ! small] ,b]k%ire /reams1 ^u :i* occasion we took eight tr\t f a small pool at ! foot ( a falls4 ,! wet fly man1 :o1 by ! way1 has play$ ! game "s ?irty-five ye>s dur+ :i* "t he has le>n$ "s few ?+s ab\t x1 took two fi% ) ! coa*man & !n ca/ = fully half an h\r )\t results4 ,9 ! meantime ,i busi$ myself ) ! cam]a1 by no means1 h[ev]1 fail+ to note sev]al rises 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! pool4 ,:5 ! wet fly man _h gone on ab\t 8 nef>i\s bus9ess ,i re/$ ! pool :ile putt+ up an olive dun dress$ on a ,no4 #ad hook4 ,%ortly !reaft] ,i _h six good tr\t = my pa9s & a /ill great] respect = ! great little dry fly--9 addition to a good work+ bulge on ! vet]an4 ,b bel[ ! pool ,i c\ld d no?+ ) ! little dun & ,i 0 ev5tually compell$ to return to my favorite gold5 ribb$ h>e's e> ) :i* ,i !n kill$ sev]al good fi%4 ,= /raightaway all-wat] fi%+ x w\ld seem t a good fancy patt]n1 r l>ge1 ord9>ily gives ! be/ results1 save ov] v cle> or l[ wat] :5 ev]y?+ dep5ds ^u ref9+ ! tackle4 ,moreov]1 :5 fi%+ ! wat] x is di/9ctly easi] to keep a comp>atively l>ge fly dry & float+--! v small patt]ns :5 9 con/ant use soon become ?or\ghly soak$ & difficult to float4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,insects ,,( ,,! ,,tr\t ,,/ream ,! ord] ,ephem]idae includes ! natural insects mo/ important to ! dry fly-fi%]man1 ! ,may flies & o!r day or ephem]al flies2 ( ! life hi/ory ( ^! ,insects a fairly complete sket* has be5 giv5 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,( c\rse ! locality w det]m9e ,9 great measure ! natural flies :i* ! angl] mu/ approximate ) 8 artificials1 ! duns hav+ prec$5ce practically ev]y:]e1 b ! caddis flies1 ,tri*opt]a1 are q c]ta9 to be preval5t at times1 & also ! /one flies1 ,plecopt]a2 9 addition !re are _m small two-w+$ insects1 ,dipt]a1 :i* occasionally appe> on ! wat]4 ,h[ev]1 ! /rictly wat]-br$ flies1 su* z ! ,may flies & duns1 caddis & /one flies1 are practically ! only ones ) :i* ! angl] is intimately conc]n$4 ,! life hi/ories ( ! caddis & /one flies1 ) :i* ! writ] does n feel suffici5tly famili> to w>rant discussion1 are v int]e/+ly giv5 by ,pr(4 ,v]non ,l4 ,kellogg 9 8 book1 to :i* ,i h previ\sly allud$1 ,am]ican ,insects1 a volume1 by ! way1 invaluable to ! t5tative ,am]ican dry fly fi%]man4 7,publi%$ by ,h5ry ,holt ,company1 ,new ,york47 ,s x 0 t my fir/ summ]'s camp+ & climb+ 9 ! ,rockies acquir$ a special int]e/ f ! slight acqua9tance%ip ,i !n made ) a gr\p ( insects :i*1 un=tunately1 are s little kn[n & /udi$ 9 ?is c\ntry t ! amateur has practically no writt5 help at all to enable him to become acqua9t$ ) _! v>i\s k9ds4 ,^! insects are ! caddis flies2 n limit$ 9 _! di/ribution by any means to ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 b f\nd all ov] ! c\ntry :]e !re are /reams4 ,b x is 9 m\nta9 /reams t ! caddis flies become conspicu\s by _! own abundance & by ! sc>city ( o!r k9ds ( insects4 ,9 ,europe ! caddis flies h be5 pretty well /udi$ & m ?an #ejj k9ds are kn[n4 ,9 ?is c\ntry ab\t #aej k9ds h be5 det]m9$1 b ^! are only a fraction ( ! species :i* occur "h4 ,popul>ly ! adults are h>dly kn[n at all1 ! k ( ! gr\p be+ almo/ re/rict$ to ! aquatic l>vae1 ^: clev]ly built protect+ cases or h\ses made ( s&1 pebbles1 or bits ( wood held toge!r ) silk5 ?reads give ! insects _! common "n1 i4 e41 case or caddis worms4 ,! cases are famili> objects 9 mo/ cle> /reams & ponds4 ,!re is great v>iety 9 ! mat]ials us$ & 9 ! size & %ape ( ! cases1 ea* k9d ( caddis worm hav+ a p>ticul> & con/ant /yle ( h\se-build+4 ,gra9s ( s& may be fa/5$ toge!r to =m t9y1 smoo?-wall$1 symmetrical cornucopias1 or small /ones to =m l>g]1 r\gh-wall$1 irregul> cyl9d]s4 ,small bits ( twigs or p9e ne$les may be us$2 & ^! *ips may be laid longitud9ally or transv]sely & ) project+ ends4 ,small snail-%ells or bits ( leaves & grass may s]ve = build+ mat]ials4 ,:ile mo/ ( ! cases are free & are c>ri$ ab\t by ! worm 9 its rambl+s1 "s are fa/5$ to ! b\ld]s or rock banks or b$ ( ! /ream4 ,^! fix$ cases are usually compos$ ( bits ( /one or smoo? pebbles irregul>ly ti$ toge!r ) silk5 ?reads4 ,9 all ! cases silk spun by ! caddis worm is us$ to tie or cem5t toge!r ! =eign build+ mat]ials1 & (t5 a complete inn] silk5 l9+ is made4 ,! l>vae )9 ! cases are worm- or cat]pill>-l1 ) head & ?orax usually br[n & horny-wall$1 :ile ! re/ ( ! body is s(t & :iti%4 ,! head ) ! m\?-p>ts1 & ! ?orax ) ! long /rong legs1 are ! only p>ts ( ! body t project f ! protect+ case1 & h5ce ne$ to be specially h>d5$4 ,at ! po/]ior tip ( ! abdom5 is a pair ( /rong hooks po9t+ outw>d4 ,^! hooks c be fa/5$ into ! sides ( ! case & ?us hold ! l>va safely 9 its h\se4444 ,! caddis worm crawls sl[ly ab\t se>*+ = food1 :i* consi/s ( vegetable matt]4 ,^? l>vae :i* h fix$ cases h to leave x 9 se>* ( food4 ,"s ( !m make occasional =ag+ exp$itions to consid]able di/ances f home4 ,o!rs h ! int]e/+ habit ( sp9n+ ne>by a t9y net fa/5$ & /ret*$ 9 su* a way t its broad %all[ m\? is direct$ up/ream1 s t ! curr5t may br+ into x ! small aquatic creatures :i* s]ve ^! caddis-fi%]m5 z food4 ,! caddis flies live sev]al mon?s1 & accord+ to ,h[>d "s pass ! w9t] 9 ! l>val /age4 ,:5 ! caddis worms are ready to trans=m !y )draw :olly into ! case & close ! op5+ ) a loose wall ( /ones or *ips & silk4 ,?is wall keeps out enemies1 b always admits ! wat] :i* is necess>y = respiration4444 ,:5 ready to issue ! pupa usually comes out f ! subm]g$ case1 crawls up on "s support above wat] & !re m\lts1 ! w+$ imago soon fly+ away4 ,"s k9ds1 h[ev]1 em]ge f ! wat]4 ,com/ock obs]v$ ! pupa ( "o ( ! net-build+ k9ds to swim to ! surface ( ! wat]4444 ,! in/ant ! creature 0 free f ! wat] ! w+s exp&$ to _! full size & x flew away sev]al feet4444 ,! "t requir$ = ! insect to exp& its w+s & take its fir/ flight 0 sc>cely m ?an "o second2 c]ta9ly less ?an two4 ,z su* caddis flies normally em]ge f rapidly fl[+ /reams :i* da% ov] rocks1 x is evid5t t if mu* "t 7 requir$ = ! w+s to become fit = use1 z is ! case ) mo/ o!r insects1 ! wave succe$+ t :i* swept "o f ! wat] w\ld sweep x back aga9 & de/roy x4 ,! adult caddis flies 444 are mo/ly obscurely color$1 r small mo?-l creatures1 t limit _! fly+ to %ort1 unc]ta9 excursions along ! /ream or pond %ore1 & sp5d long h\rs ( re/+ 9 ! close foliage ( ! bank4444 ,!y probably d n live long4 ,( ! /one flies ,pr(4 ,kellogg writes z foll[s3 ,on ! "u side ( ! same /ones 9 ! brook 'riffles' :]e ! ,may fly nymphs may be f\nd1 "o c almo/ c]ta9ly f9d ! v simil> nymphs ( ! /one flies1 an ord] ( insects call$ ,plecopt]a4 ,m flatt5$ & usually d>k]1 or tig]-/rip$ ) black & :ite1 ! /one fly nymphs live side by side ) ! "y ,may flies4 ,b !y are only to be c]ta9ly di/+ui%$ f !m by c>eful exam9ation4444 ,! feet ( ! /one flies h two claws1 :ile ^? ( ! "y ,may flies h b "o4 ,! /one fly nymph has a pair ( l>ge comp\nd eyes1 z well z ?ree small simple eyes1 /rong jaws = bit+ & *ew+ 7p]haps = *ew+ h] ne>e/ neighbors1 ! s(t-bodi$ small] ,may fly nymphs71 & two sl5d] backw>d-project+ processes on ! tip ( ! abdom54 ,! legs are usually fr+$ ) hairs1 :i* makes !m good swimm+ z well z runn+ organs4 ,! nymphs c run swiftly1 & quickly conceal !mselves :5 di/urb$4 ,all /one fly nymphs1 z f> z kn[n1 require well arat$ wat]2 !y _c live 9 /agnant pools or f\l /reams4444 ,x is p]fectly c]ta9 t ! nymphs s]ve z food = fi%es4444 ,! eggs1 ( :i* #ejjj or #fjjj may be deposit$ by a s+le female1 are probably dropp$ on ! surface ( ! wat]1 & s9k to ! bottom aft] be+1 h[ev]1 well di/ribut$ by ! curr5t4 ,sometimes ! eggs are c>ri$ ab\t = a :ile by ! female1 enclos$ 9 a capsule atta*$ to ! abdom54 ,! "y m\lt sev]al times 9 _! gr[?1 b probably n ne>ly z _m times z is common among ,may flies4 ,:5 ready = ! f9al m\lt+ ! nymph crawls out on a rock or on a tree-root or trunk on ! bank1 & splitt+ its cuticle along ! back1 issues z a w+$ adult4 ,! ca/ exuviae are common objects along swift brooks4 ,! adults v>y mu* 9 size & color1 ! smalle/ be+ less ?an "o-fif? ( an in* long1 :ile ! l>ge/ rea* a l5g? ( two in*es4 ,"s are pale gre51 "s grayi%1 o!rs br[ni% to black4 ,!re are f\r r l>ge membran\s1 _m-ve9$ w+s )\t patt]n1 ! h9d w+s be+ l>g] ?an ! front ones4 ,:5 at re/1 ! =e w+s lie flat on ! back1 cov]+ ! mu*-fold$ h9d w+s4 ,ab\t #ajj species ( /one flies are kn[n 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,! adults are to be f\nd fly+ ov] or ne> /reams1 ?\gh sometimes /ray+ f> away4 ,!y re/ on trees & bu%es along ! banks4 ,! gre5 ones usually keep to ! gre5 foliage1 :ile ! d>k ones p]* on ! trunks & bran*es4 ,?is li/ ( float+ flies giv5 9 ,*apt] ,,iii41 compris+ ! ,coa*man1 ,cahill1 gold-ribb$ h>e's e>1 ,wickham's fancy1 br[n s$ge1 silv] s$ge 7or ,beav]kill71 iron blue dun1 :irl+ blue dun1 gre5 ,may female1 br[n ,may female1 & sp5t gnat female1 w be f\nd z a rule q suffici5t 7if ! angl] is /ock$ ) a fair v>iety ( sizes7 to enable ! sportsman to mat* ) adequate fidelity any natural fly :i* may be tempor>ily preval5t on ! wat]4 ,9 ! matt] ( ! selection ( fly1 ) reg>d to ! !ories ( ! colori/s1 =mali/s1 & o!r sects ( ! dry fly1 mu* might be writt51 b1 x w\ld seem1 matt]s ( ?is sort are r out ( place 9 a practical h&book = ! m]e beg9n]4 ,if ! angl] w foll[ ! few simple sugge/ions made 9 ! prec$+ pages1 con/antly hold+ to ! idea t ! natural action ( ! artificial fly is ( fir/ importance1 he _c g f> wrong2 & if1 z a result ( actual exp]i5ce1 he may wi% to g deep] into ! sci5ce ( ! dry fly1 he w f9d ! relation1 !oretical & o!rwise1 ( ! artificial fly to ! natural detail$ at l5g? 9 m ambiti\s treatises ?an ! pres5t4 ,x is v important t ! angl] use flies true to patt]n1 & z tackle deal]s are prone to sub/itution1 & fur!rmore z diff]5t fly-dress]s frequ5tly turn out q dissimil> flies "u ! same "n1 ! angl] %\ld make sure t ! flies he may pur*ase are correct 9 coloration1 size & %ape4 ,,/rik+ ,a ,,tr\t ,9 a previ\s *apt] some?+ has be5 said ( ! mann] ( /rik+ a ris+ tr\t :5 employ+ ! slack-l9e ca/ z a prev5tive aga9/ drag4 ,o!r ?+s be+ equal1 success h+es ^u ! angl]'s ability to /rike at ! "r "t & ) correct =ce--or lack ( =ce4 ,:5 fi%+ d[n/ream ) ! wet fly1 :i* ! fi% (t5 takes b5ea? ! surface1 quick /rik+1 at ! fir/ sugge/ion ( ! /rike ( ! tr\t1 is at a premium2 x w\ld seem t :5 ca/+ ! dry fly ! /rike %\ld be tim$ j a bit sl[] 9 ! majority ( in/ances1 al?\gh :5 float+ ! fly d[n a swift run "o c h>dly /rike too promptly4 ,to avoid dr[n+ ! fly :5 fi%+ up 9 a fair curr5t ! l9e mu/ be /ripp$ 9 gradually & ) ! greate/ c>e2 at ! same "t x is well to take up e in* possible t !re may n be too mu* slack to /raight5 out 9 ! ev5t ( a rise4 ,/rik+ %\ld be done f ! wri/ & ) /rict avoidance ( any?+ l a sudd5 j]k :i* w almo/ surely snap ! f9e lead] if a heavy fi% has tak5 ! fly or possibly te> out ! hook if ! fi% is hook$ lightly2 ! motion %\ld be smoo?1 swift & ev51 & x mu/ cease at once :5 ! b>b has gone home4 ,,play+ ,a ,,tr\t ,z a rule :5 fi%+ ) ! dry fly ! fi% w be up/ream f ! angl] :5 hook$4 ,if possible keep him !re4 ,9 ! majority ( in/ances ! tr\t w bore up/ream1 or angle up/ream to "o side or ! o!r1 & w n turn & run d[n ) ! curr5t unless r\ghly & c>elessly h&l$4 ,nurse ! fi% along1 ex]t+ a con/ant b n too heavy /ra91 s t he w cont9ue to fight up/ream aga9/ ! curr5t1 ?us tir+ m quickly2 9 o!r words1 play x safe4 ,if by any *ance ! fi% gets bel[ y1 takes ! bit 9 8 tee? & runs ) ! curr5t1 g ) him4 ,wade if y c1 b if ?is is impossible get out ( ! /ream z quickly z y c & foll[ d[n along ! bank4 ,z soon z possible get ! fi% up/ream f y aga94 ,nev] try to net a fi% :i* is d[n/ream f y2 get bel[ him & let ! curr5t float him ov] ! net--n away f x4 ,) reg>d to tackle h&l+ :ile play+ a tr\t1 ,i might abbreviate "h f an article :i* ,i contribut$ to ,! ,out+ ,magaz9e = ,july1 #aiaa1 z fur!r exp]i5ce has s]v$ only to /r5g!n my belief 9 ! me?ods set =? !re94 ,t skill$ tackle h&l+1 aft] ! rise1 is at a premium 9 tr\t fly-fi%+ is due n only to ! delicacy ( ! tackle ord9>ily employ$1 p>ticul>ly ! v small hooks & (t5 fragile lead]s1 b to ! di/9ctly game qualities ( ! brook tr\t itself & ! usually difficult angl+ conditions af=d$ by its habitat4 ,!re is all ! diff]5ce 9 ! _w betwe5 play+ a fi% 9 /ill & fa/ wat]1 & ! brook tr\t is ess5tially a fa/ wat] fi%4 ,! way y w play a tr\t dep5ds 9 great measure ^u h[ y\r tackle is rigg$4 ,if y h assembl$ rod1 reel & l9e correctly1 ! *ances are t y w soon discov] & adopt ! be/ me?od ( h&l+ a hook$ tr\t2 on ! o!r h&1 if y\r tackle is improp]ly adju/$1 x w be physically impossible = y to g aft] y\r tr\t ! "r way4 ,! necessity ( say+ some?+ ab\t h[ to adju/ y\r rod1 reel & l9e is app>5t4 ,9 8 book ,! ,!ory & ,practice ( ,dry ,fly ,fi%+1 ,mr4 ,f4 ,m4 ,hal=d advises a me?od ( assembl+ rod & reel :i* is directly contr>y to ! usage & advice ( mo/ season$ ,am]ican fly-fi%]m54 ,briefly1 8 advice is to h ! reel on ! "u side ( ! rod ) ! h&le to ! left1 presum+ t ! angl] ca/s ) ! "r h&4 ,:5 a tr\t is hook$ ! rod is pass$ to ! left h&1 turn$ ov] s ! reel is on top1 & ! fi% is !n play$ directly f ! reel4 ,9 view ( ! fact t ,mr4 ,hal=d is a univ]sally ackn[l$g$ au?ority 9 fly-fi%+ matt]s1 x w\ld1 inde$1 be presumptu\s 9 me to say t ?is me?od ( h&l+ a hook$ tr\t & ( assembl+ rod & reel is all wrong1 7 x n t1 z ,i am q sure1 ! majority ( exp]i5c$ ,am]ican fly-ca/]s s reg>d x4 ,! practice ( mo/ exp]t fly-ca/]s 9 ?is c\ntry is to adju/ ! reel und]nea? ! rod1 b1 9 contradi/9ction to ! me?od above describ$1 ) ! h&le ( ! reel to ! "r4 ,?us1 :5 a fi% is hook$1 x is n necess>y to turn ! rod ov] :5 x is pass$ f ! "r to ! left h&1 b ! reel is reta9$ und]nea? ! rod at all times1 ! v be/ position = x1 = sev]al reasons1 = ! bus9ess ( fly-fi%+4 ,moreov]1 ! be/ way to play a tr\t is di/9ctly n f ! reel4 ,x is tak5 = grant$ 9 ! above discussion1 & also 9 ! foll[+1 t ! fly-ca/] uses a s+le-action reel4 ,i believe implicitly t ! be/ way to h&le a hook$ tr\t1 ! "o soon] or lat] adopt$ by mo/ angl]s :o d mu* fly-fi%+1 is z foll[s3 ,hav+1 z above not$1 y\r reel und]nea? ! rod ) ! h&le to ! "r1 ma9ta9 at all times1 bo? :5 ca/+ ! flies & play+ a fi%1 a loop ( l9e ( conv5i5t l5g? betwe5 ! reel & ! fir/ guide ( ! rod4 ,?is loop ( l9e is controll$ by ! left h&1 all[+ ! l9e to run out ?r\gh ! guides or1 :5 necess>y1 draw+ x back4 ,use ! reel only :5 ! loop ( l9e gr[s s long t1 :5 y are wad+ ! /ream1 !re is dang] ( f\l+ ! l9e4 ,:5 ca/+ f a boat or canoe !re is little *ance ( f\l+ ! l9e no matt] :at ! l5g? ( ! loop may be if y take pa9s to lay d[n ! l9e ev5ly on ! bottom bo>ds4 ,n[ :5 y hook a tr\t y d n1 at ?is v critical po9t1 h to pass ! rod f ! "r to ! left h& &1 :at is worse1 turn ! rod ov] s t ! reel w be on top4 ,on ! contr>y1 y /& pat1 z x 71 /ill keep+ ! rod 9 ! "r h& &1 if ! tr\t is a l>ge "o1 yield+ ! l9e to him ?r\gh ! ?umb & =ef+] ( ! left h&1 or1 if ! fi% is a small "o1 gradually draw+ 9 ! l9e--& ! tr\t--) ! left h& )\t rec\rse to ! reel4 ,:5 /ripp+ 9 ! l9e1 clip x to ! h&grasp ( ! rod betwe5 ! fir/ & second f+]s ( ! rod-h&4 ,if ! tr\t is a fairly l>ge "o & is hook$ 9 fa/ wat] x w (t5 happ5 t 8 fir/ run w exhau/ ! loop ( free l9e4 ,!n1 :5 he /ops runn+1 pass ! rod f ! "r to ! left h&--y d n h to turn x ov] because y\r reel h&le is plac$ to ! "r--& play him f ! reel until he gives 9 a little1 :5 y at once return ! rod to ! "r h& & /rip 9 l9e ) ! left4 ,play+ a tr\t 9 ?is mann] "o is ma/] ( ! situation at e /age ( ! game f ! /rike to ! l&+ net2 & if1 at any "t1 "s unusual action ( ! fi% r5d]s ! outcome m ?an ord9>ily d\btful1 y\r *ances are _m times bett] = gett+ out ( ! difficulty ?an if y dep5d ^u ! reel = ! intake ( y\r l9e2 = in/ance1 e exp]i5c$ tr\t fi%]man kn[s t (t5 a tr\t w run out _m feet ( l9e f ! reel & !n incont95tly ab\t-face & run 9 t[>d ! angl]--"o ( ! mo/ difficult situations ! fly-ca/] is ord9>ily call$ ^u to face4 ,ab\t n9e times out ( t5--at lea/ x is n safe to rely ^u odds m favorable al?\gh1 ( c\rse1 sometimes ! fi% w be s deeply hook$ t ! *ance is less5$--a slack l9e spells a lo/ tr\t4 ,! rapidity ) :i* a fi% com+ directly t[>d ! angl] creates a wake ( slack l9e is difficult to e/imate2 9 any ev5t1 ! fly-ca/]'s s+le-action reel is utt]ly unable to cope ) ! situation no matt] h[ skilfully ! angl] may manipulate x4 ,! fly-ca/] :o h&les 8 fi% z "h indicat$ is ( all angl]s be/ arm$ aga9/ ! runn+ back ( a hook$ tr\t4 ,once y h r$uc$ ! action ( /ripp+ 9 ! l9e ) ! left h& to a purely automatic motion1 s t y p]=m x quickly1 exp]tly1 & )\t =e?\ght 9 ! matt] ( h[ to g ab\t x1 x is a v fa/ fi%1 inde$1 :i* c accumulate mu* slack l9e1 = ! l9e may be retriev$ ?r\gh ! guides f> fa/] ?an ) any sort ( reel & almo/ always ) suffici5t rapidity to save ! fi%4 ,x seems1 too--inde$1 x is a fact--t :5 play+ a tr\t 9 ?is mann] "o c usually tell :at ! fi% is go+ to d be=e he does x1 & ! value ( ?is =ew>n+ %\ld be obvi\s4 ,e slighte/ movem5t ( ! fi% is c>ri$ to ! left h& ( ! angl] hold+ ! l9e1 & ! lea/ less5+ or increase ( t5sion betwe5 ! rod-tip & ! qu>ry is in/antly s5s$ & l9e tak5 or giv5 accord+ly4 ,moreov]1 ! me?od insures aga9/ =c+ ! fi% too /r5u\sly because "o kn[s to a practical c]ta9ty :5 !re is too mu* pull--a ?+ f> m difficult to e/imate :5 kill+ ! fi% on ! reel4 ,a ,,f9al ,,ca/ ,we h n[ consid]$ m or less completely mo/ ( ! matt]s ) :i* ! beg9n] at dry fly fi%+ %\ld be famili>1 namely1 ! correct tackle1 h[ to ca/1 & :]e1 :5 & h[ to fi% ! float+ fly2 also we h said some?+ ( ! insect life ( ! tr\t /ream & ( ! play+ & l&+ ( ! fi% :5 hook$4 ,b we h almo/ entirely neglect$ any h9t ( ! great fasc9ation ( fi%+ ) ! float+ fly4 ,x is ! writ]'s e>ne/ hope t ^! pages1 :i* deal s exclusively ) ! practical side ( ! matt]1 may1 nev]!less1 lead ! read] to ! /ream-side1 fly-rod 9 h&1 :]e1 z he quietly foll[s ! /ream & 8 sport1 x w pres5tly appe> t ! matt]s ^u :i* we h h]e9 plac$ ! mo/ emphasis are1 aft] all1 r unimportant--t ! true reason = ! dry fly may be f\nd 9 ! sun%9e on ! riffles1 ! cool lapp+ ( ! /ream ab\t a moss-gr[n b\ld]1 9 ! quiet ( a glassy pool :]e ! duns dance & ! peaceful p9es are reflect$ cle>ly4 ,,! ,,end ,,transcrib]',s ,,note -,pla9 pr9t & punctuation errors fix$4