,illustration3 ,,the ,,workshop ,,at ,,nazareth ,picture ,copyrighted and ,owned by ,a4 ,r4 ,,mowbray ,,co41 ,,ltd41 and printed by their permission4 ,e4 ,p4 ,,dutton ,,co41 sole agents in ,america4 ,,the ,,child ,,in ,,the ,,midst ,a ,comparative ,study of ,child ,welfare in ,christian and ,non-,christian ,lands4 ,,by ,,mary ,,schauffler ,,labaree 7,,mrs4 ,,benjamin ,w4 ,,labaree7 8,and ,he took a little child and set him in the midst of them40 ,,published ,,by ,the ,central ,committee on the ,united ,study of ,foreign ,missions ,west ,medford1 ,massachusetts ,,copyright1 ,,january1 #aiad ,,central ,,committee ,,on ,,the ,,united ,,study ,,of ,,foreign ,,missions ,,frank ,,wood1 ,,printer ,,boston1 ,,mass4 ,,foreword ,the ,central ,committee on the ,united ,study of ,foreign ,missions sends out the fourteenth text-book with hearty appreciation of the favor with which the thirteen already issued have been received4 ,the phases of work which have been treated and the manner of their treatment have appealed to a large constituency of various names1 resulting in an increase of knowledge and an impulse to pray and work and give4 ,this is not a book for children1 but a book about children the world over1 and with its accurate statement of facts solicits attention to the great need of new effort in behalf of children in non-,christian lands4 ,the author1 ,mary ,schauffler ,labaree 7,mrs4 ,benjamin ,w471 a missionary daughter1 granddaughter1 wife1 and mother1 was born into an environment of missionary intelligence and activity in which her girlhood was trained4 ,later years of experience in ,persia1 and subsequent association with many nationalities in our own land1 have given her large opportunity to know whereof she writes with tender1 sympathetic touch4 ,if the book may lead others to know and do1 its purpose will be fulfilled4 ,,central ,,committee ,,on ,,the ,,united ,,study ,,of ,,foreign ,,missions4 ,,mrs4 ,,henry ,w4 ,,peabody4 ,,miss ,e4 ,,harriet ,,stanwood4 ,,mrs4 ,,decatur ,m4 ,,sawyer4 ,,mrs4 ,,frank ,,mason ,,north4 ,,mrs4 ,,james ,a4 ,,webb1 ,,jr4 ,,mrs4 ,a4 ,v4 ,,pohlman4 ,,miss ,,olivia ,h4 ,,lawrence4 ,,miss ,,grace ,t4 ,,colburn4 ,,table ,,of ,,contents ,page ,,foreword v ,,chapter ,i4 ,the ,child in its ,helplessness4 8,the place where the young ,child lay0 #a ,,chapter ,,ii4 ,the ,child at ,home4 8,train up a child in the way he should go0 #de ,,chapter ,,iii4 ,the ,child at ,play and at ,work4 8,boys and girls playing in the streets thereof0 #hg ,,chapter ,,iv4 ,the ,child at ,school4 8,come1 ye children--,i will teach you the fear of the ,lord0 #aca ,,chapter ,v4 ,the ,child at ,worship4 8,suffer the little children to come unto ,me0 #agg ,,chapter ,,vi4 ,the ,child at ,work for ,christ4 8,i must be about my ,father's business0 #bba ,,chapter ,,vii4 ,appendix ,the ,mother and the ,christ-,child4 8,behold the handmaid of the ,lord0 #bei ,,chapter ,i4 ,,the ,,child ,,in ,,its ,,helplessness 8,the place where the young ,child lay40 ,what do the children need8--8,the ,age of the ,child0--,all children to be included--,rights of every child and every mother--,conservation of human resources--,eugenics and heredity--,protection of motherhood--,suffering mothers--,superstitions regarding new-born infants--,twins--,infanticide--,bathing and clothing children--,feeding--,hygiene--,starving children--,infant mortality--,health--,diseases and their treatment--,what missions are doing for the helpless children4 ,sidenote3 ,what do the children need8 8,what do the children of ,india most need80 ,the question was asked of an earnest young teacher1 at home on her first furlough4 ,it was easy to see how quickly her thoughts flew back to that school for little low-caste children which had so recently been started1 and with a far-away look in her eyes she answered3-- 8,what the children of ,india need is childhood itself4 ,they are little old men and women1 and they need to learn what it means to be happy1 care-free children1 to play1 and to have good times40 8,what do the children of ,syria most need80 ,this time it was a beautiful1 young missionary mother who answered quickly3-- 8,the greatest need of the children in ,syria is educated motherhood4 ,they are born1 carried around1 and then turned loose to do as they please as soon as they are able to toddle4 ,it would mean that they would be kept clean physically1 would be properly fed1 taught1 and trained40 8,what is the greatest need of the children in ,persia80 ,the answer came from a father of little children who had himself been a missionary's child in ,persia and knew well the country and its needs4 8,what ,persian children need is proper home environment40 ,a splendid ,christian teacher was talking with one of the boys of our ,moslem school about personal purity4 8,that is all very well10 responded the boy1 8but what do you really expect of me with my training and home life when my father has had one hundred and five wives80 8,what do the children of ,america need80 ,we turn and ask ourselves and one another this question4 ,and lo6--we find that the needs of childhood are very much the same the world around4 ,what is being done to meet those needs8 ,ah6 that is a very different question1 and startling1 yes1 more than startling1 are the contrasts discovered as the thoughtful woman studies the subject of child life4 ,sidenote3 8,the ,age of the ,child40 ,the 8unity of childhood0 throughout the world makes this a vital question to all fathers and mothers1 to educators1 religious and social workers1 to every thinking man and woman4 ,so urgent a question has it become in many ,christian lands that this has been aptly called 8the age of the child40 ,in our own land the needs and rights of the child are being discussed on every hand1 and through the ,public ,schools1 ,juvenile ,courts1 ,juvenile ,commissions1 ,federal ,children's ,bureau1 ,playground ,movement1 ,child ,welfare ,exhibits1 ,child ,labor laws1 and numerous other agencies we are striving to deal with the problem that involves the whole future of our land for weal or woe4 ,sidenote3 ,all children must be included4 ,but just as ,i cannot care for the interests of my child alone1 but must recognize that his life will be vitally influenced by whatever concerns his playmates and schoolmates1 so ,i must inevitably be drawn into consideration of what is due to the children of the community1 the state1 the country1 the world4 ,what right have ,i to demand that my baby be well fed1 my child be protected by laws that ensure his safety1 that proper schools be provided for his education1 that my daughter's purity and girlhood be respected1 unless ,i concede that right to every mother in the world and care whether she has that right or not8 ,one earnest mother heart poured itself out in these words when it was planned that the women's missionary societies should take up the study of the children of non-,christian lands3-- 8,sometimes ,i almost resent the absurd extremes of tenderness and care for babies here1 when ,i think of the world of neglected children4 ,it seems to me1 our ,women's ,missionary ,societies are just a great1 beautiful1 organized motherhood for the world1 and the women don't half know or appreciate this or they would be swarming in by thousands and giving their money by millions40 ,if any woman is tempted to feel that the problems of our own land are so overwhelming and so imperative as to demand all our time and strength and attention1 let her read what is said on this subject by ,edward ,t4 ,devine1 the eminent writer and professor and social worker1 who is one of the greatest leaders in all lines of child welfare and general welfare work in ,america4 ,dr4 ,devine links our obligations to foreign lands inseparably to our duties to our own country4 ,our responsibility to foreign peoples1--our responsibility to immigrants who come to live in ,america1 and to the negroes whom our own ancestors brought here by force1 our responsibility to all those who for any reason do not fully share in that degree of prosperity and in that type of civilization which are our heritage1 thus becomes clear and is seen to be at one with our direct personal responsibility towards those who for any reason need our sympathy1 our fraternal co-operation1 and our personal help4#a ,sidenote3 ,testimony of ,alonzo ,bunker4 ,couple with the utterances quoted above such words as the following by ,alonzo ,bunker1 whose faithful labors among the ,karens of ,burma have worked wonders in the transformation of a race1 and it seems as though no conscientious1 intelligent man or woman would need to go further for proof that the awakening social conscience regarding the welfare of children in our own land must include in its study and its efforts for improvement the children of all lands4 ,this unity of childhood marks the unity of the human race1 and the saying that 8human nature is the same in all the world0 gains new emphasis when studied from the standpoint of the child4 444 ,these characteristics which mark the unity of childhood among all races1 sometimes appear to be accentuated among less intelligent peoples2 so that1 before the fogs of sin and ignorance have blurred the image of ,god in which they were created1 they show a strength and brightness more marked than in their more favored brothers and sisters in enlightened lands4 ,this fact has not received due attention in ethnological studies4#b ,sidenote3 ,the rights of every child4 ,every child has the inalienable right to be well-born1 to be welcomed1 to be properly cared for and trained through the years of helplessness and development1 to follow his instinct for healthful play1 to receive an education sufficient to make him a self-supporting1 useful member of society1 to have such moral and spiritual training as will develop the highest type of character of which he is capable4 ,sidenote3 ,the rights of every mother4 ,every mother has the right to accept the duties1 responsibilities1 and sufferings of motherhood of her own free will1 to be surrounded by such conditions as will help her to bring her child into the world with the greatest possible safety to her own life and health and to those of her child1 and to loving care during her days of weakness and recuperation4 ,sidenote3 ,conservation of human resources4 ,where the rights of mothers and children are not thus recognized and guarded1 we have a condition that endangers the welfare of the race and leads to its deterioration4 ,every nation has looked well to the conservation of some part of its human resources1--to its royal line1 to its soldiers or sailors1 to its wise men and astrologers1 to its priests and religious leaders4 ,the well-known methods of ancient ,sparta1 which consisted in destroying all weak children and submitting all boys of seven years old and upward to the most rigorous training under state educators1 resulted in producing a race of warriors4 ,fighting men were what ,sparta wanted1 and fighting men she produced4 ,the possible heir to a throne in modern times must have no drop of common blood in his veins4 ,royalty must therefore mate with royalty in order to conserve the royal line4 ,and so we might go on and prove how one country after another observes the great law of conservation of human resources along some favorite line4 ,sidenote3 ,importance of the children of a nation4 ,but a nation to be truly great and to be sure of future development and success must realize that its greatest wealth lies in its children1 its highest possibilities are wrapped up in all its little ones1 its one hope for the future is in the childhood of the nation4 ,many earnest writers of to-day are emphasizing in one way or another this great truth in relation to children4 ,mrs4 ,frederick ,schoff in an address at the ,national ,congress on ,hygiene and ,demography makes a most practical application of these principles1 showing some ways in which the desired results may be attained4 ,it takes time to battle down the old wall of belief that mother instinct teaches a woman all she need know about child nurture4444 ,the great functions of fatherhood and motherhood should not be ignored in the training of children for life4 ,they should be held up as the highest and most far-reaching functions of human life4444 8,one generation1 one entire generation of all the world of children understood as they should be1 loved as they ask to be1 and so developed as they might be1 would more than begin the millennium10 has been truly said by that lover of childhood1 ,frances ,hodgson ,burnett4 ,child ,welfare is at the foundation of world-welfare4 ,child nurture is the greatest science of the age4 ,to arouse the whole world to a realization of its duty to the children 444 is the propaganda in which all who see the infinite possibilities of the child should unite4#c ,sidenote3 ,eugenics and ,heredity4 ,in a study of ,childhood such as this1 undertaken by ,christian women in their missionary societies and mission study classes1 it is not enough to begin with the child at the day of his birth1 but we must consider also the pre-natal influences1 the history of his parents1 and1 in fact1 all those deep and far-reaching subjects which are engrossing the attention of students in ,america and ,england and on the ,continent of ,europe4 ,in studying the subjects of eugenics and heredity1 in watching the social investigator as he shows us how from one drunken1 vagabond woman in ,germany there were #hcd known descendants1 the great majority of whom were prostitutes1 tramps1 paupers1 criminals1 and murderers1 let us remember that the principles arrived at apply with equal significance to the future of the citizens of ,china and of ,turkey4 ,a missionary mother from ,china tells us that ,chinese mothers make no preparation for the coming of their babies because of foolish superstitions1 fearing that1 if they prepare1 it will bring bad luck and the baby will die4 8,so10 she continues1 8,chinese mothers miss the delightful months we ,american mothers consider the best in our lives1 and the babies are deprived of the right sort of pre-natal influence40 ,one missionary draws our attention to the fact of the awful fears and deadly terror that haunt the lives of so many people in ,india1 and asks if this may not well be the result of the fact that their mothers are the little1 shrinking1 frightened child-wives of ,india4 8,the wrongs of ,hindu womanhood in all past ages10 says ,edward ,payson ,tenney in his volume on 8,contrasts in ,social ,progress10 8have been avenged by the propagation of a race inferior to that which would have peopled ,hindustan to-day1 had the domestic and social status of the mothers of a great people been of a different character40 ,dr4 ,charles ,c4 ,selden1 assistant to ,dr4 ,john ,g4 ,kerr in the ,asylum for the ,insane in ,canton1 says that there are no statistics that will allow comparison between the number of insane in ,china and ,america4 8,if conditions are in any particular worse in ,china than in ,america1 it is along the line of imbecility resulting from bad heredity4 ,under the social ideals of ,china every man is anxious to marry1 but no man is permitted to seek a wife for himself4 ,the contract of marriage is always made by a third party1 and often a man finds himself bound to an imbecile1 insane or chronically diseased wife whose father has paid the marriage broker a high price to get her a husband4 ,there is surely a great need for the study and practice of eugenics in ,china40 ,sidenote3 ,protection of motherhood4 ,it is only within the last few decades that the protection of motherhood has been recognized in civilized lands as an economic principle4 ,in the protection of the mother lies the welfare of the nation4 ,but alas6 the light of this knowledge has not yet begun to penetrate into the darkness of heathen and ,mohammedan lands4 ,intelligent ,christian women will find much food for thought and material for interesting study in looking up the history of races now extinct or those that are dying out4 ,trace to their true source the reasons for the decadence of a race and try to discover if the principles of practical1 applied ,christianity1 used betimes in all their truest and most enlightened methods1 would tend to save and elevate such a race4 ,in ,robert ,h4 ,milligan's recent book1 8,the ,fetish ,folk of ,west ,africa10#d his fourth chapter is on 8,a ,dying ,tribe40 ,a few extracts will show some of the reasons for the adjective 8,dying40 ,sidenote3 8,a ,dying ,tribe40 ,this amiable and attractive people1 the ,mpongwe tribe1 is now but a dying remnant1 hurrying to extinction4 ,it is not long since they were numbered by tens of thousands2 now there are probably not more than five hundred pure ,mpongwe4444 ,the first exterminating factor was slavery4444 ,the slave traffic was succeeded by the rum traffic2 and it would not be easy to say which of the two has proved the greater evil for ,africa4444 ,except among the few ,christians1 an abundance of rum is used at every marriage and every funeral and both men and women drink to drunkenness4444 ,i have known of parents getting their own children to drink to intoxication for their amusement4 ,it is doubtful whether there is another tribe in all ,west ,africa so besotted with alcoholism as the ,mpongwe4 ,physicians agree that it is one of the chief causes of their increasing sterility4 ,another factor in the extermination of the ,mpongwe is the demoralization of domestic life incident to methods of trade4444 ,white traders all along the coast employ the ,mpongwe as middlemen between them and the interior people1 who possess the export products4 ,the white man gives the middleman a certain quantity of goods on trust4 ,with these he goes to the interior and establishes a small trading-post in one or several towns4444 ,he has a wife or wives at ,gaboon1 and he takes to himself a wife or two at each of his interior trading-centres4444 ,this demoralization of domestic life is even worse for the ,mpongwe women than for their absent husbands4 ,there is a large settlement of white men in ,gaboon1 most of them government officials4444 ,nearly all the ,mpongwe women become the mistresses of these men4444 ,the marriage tie in ,gaboon has long ceased to be a 8tie40444 ,the ,protestant ,christians of ,gaboon are a very small community2 but they are the best ,christians ,i have known in ,africa4 ,they alone of the ,mpongwe have good-sized families of healthy children4 ,they are the living remnant of a dying tribe4 ,sidenote3 ,the sufferings of motherhood4 ,two outstanding facts make the experience of motherhood in non-,christian lands a time of almost intolerable anguish1 both physical and mental4 ,the first of these facts is the absence of skilful1 intelligent care previous to and during childbirth1 and the second is the presence of innumerable superstitions that envelop the mother and her little one and the whole household4 ,it is a most interesting study to learn how customs differ in various lands and swing to extremes1 from ,persia1 where the time of childbirth is the occasion for a large neighborhood gathering of women and children1 to certain regions of ,china1 where we are told that there is an absolute interdict on seeing mother or child for forty days after the birth1 and during that time many and many a little one mysteriously disappears1 never to be heard of again4 ,in ,china the mother who loses her life before being able to give birth to her child is consigned by popular opinion to the very lowest hell1 which is said to be reserved for the worst criminals4 ,in a large ,buddhist temple on a hill outside of ,ningpo hangs a huge bronze bell1 over which are tied numberless bunches of hair of women who have died in childbirth4 ,when the bell is rung1 the motion is supposed to pull the poor women out of the place of punishment4 ,among the ,lao a woman dying in childbirth is not allowed to be cremated1 for her death is supposed to have been caused by evil spirits and the victim is blamed and is not deemed worthy of cremation wherein is merit4 ,these suffering mothers feel as if an angel from heaven had come to their aid1 when the loving face of a missionary physician stoops over them1 and her skilful hands minister to their needs4 ,a few words by ,dr4 ,e4 ,m4 ,stuart of the ,church ,missionary ,society1 at work in ,ispahan1 ,persia1 give a vivid picture of the need for women physicians and nurses to do this work1--a need that exists not only in ,mohammedan harems1 but in the zenanas of ,india and in the homes of other lands where women live in seclusion4 ,illustration3 ,,how ,,bedouin ,,mothers ,,carry ,,their ,,babies ,in every ,moslem land there are countless lives lost every year from lack of skilled assistance when it is sorely needed4444 ,this work calls specially for women-doctors and nurses1 for though ,moslem women will consent to see men-doctors for many of their ailments1 and will even crowd out the men-patients at dispensaries taken by male doctors1 very few will allow a man to give them the assistance they need in difficult labour2 were even the women themselves willing1 it is very uncommon for the husbands and other male relations to consent to it4 ,as a rule they would rather the women died than allow a man to interfere2 the only comfort they give them is the assurance of the ,prophet that women who die in childbirth go straight to ,paradise4 ,sidenote3 ,superstitions regarding newborn infants4 ,there is scarcely a land outside the pale of ,christian civilization where the newborn infant is not surrounded by absurd1 painful1 or distressing ceremonies because of superstitions that may not be ignored1 the 8,evil ,eye0 that must be averted1 or ceremonies that are to be observed because handed down from generation to generation4 ,one of the most astonishing and picturesque of these observances is described by the ,swiss missionary1 ,henri ,a4 ,junod1 in his careful study of 8,the ,life of a ,south ,african ,tribe40 ,the second act is the rite of the broken pot4444 ,this is a medical treatment and a religious ceremony combined4 ,it is performed by the family doctor on the threshold of the hut in the following way3 ,he puts into this piece of broken pottery pieces of skin of all the beasts of the bush3 antelopes1 wild cats1 elephants1 hippopotami1 rats1 civet cats1 hyenas1 elands1 snakes of dangerous kinds2 and roasts them till they burn4 ,the smoke then rises1 and he exposes the child to it for a long time1 the body1 face1 nose1 mouth4 ,the baby begins to cry2 he sneezes1 he coughs2 it is just what is wanted2 then the doctor takes what remains of the pieces of skin1 grinds them1 makes a powder1 mixes it with tihuhlu grease of the year before last1 and consequently hard enough to make an ointment4 ,with this ointment he rubs the whole body of the child1 especially the joints1 which he extends gently in order to assist the baby's growth4 ,all this fumigation and manipulation is intended to act as a preventive4 ,having been so exposed to all the external dangers1 dangers which are represented by the beasts of the bush1 the child may go out of the hut4 ,he is now able 8to cross the foot-prints of wild beasts0 without harm4444 ,this rite of the broken pot is also the great preventive remedy against the much dreaded ailment of babies1 convulsions4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,evil ,eye4 ,from land to land you may travel1 through ,africa1 ,asia1 and the ,islands of the ,pacific1 and all the poor little babies and their older brothers and sisters will be found to be victims of superstitions that surround and hamper and often injure their pitiful little lives4 ,the ,evil ,eye1--oh6 how it is feared and how every possible and impossible means is used to avert it4 ,you must not think of openly admiring a ,mohammedan baby1 or of wearing anything black on your head when making your first call upon it1 for you would certainly cast the ,evil ,eye on it4 ,a ,maronite woman in the ,lebanon mountains1 ,syria1 had lost a baby three or four weeks old1--her first baby boy4 ,she told a missionary that the child had died because while he was sick they opened an egg1 and found therein an eye 7the life-germ7 and that was the ,evil ,eye which had killed the child4 ,sidenote3 ,teething4 8,children in ,nyago1 ,africa10 we read in a ,church ,missionary ,society report1 8receive the tribal mark by being branded on their foreheads with a hot iron4 ,some of the front teeth are extracted as soon as the child can speak40 ,the teething period as well as every other part of a child's life has to be safe-guarded from malicious influences4 ,for instance1 a child of the ,thonga ,tribe in ,south ,africa has a white bead tied to a hair about the forehead as soon as it has cut the two upper and lower incisors1 for1 unless this is done1 there is no hope that the child will become intelligent2 he would shiver instead of smiling1 and the other teeth would not come out normally4 ,sidenote3 ,evil spirits 8driven out0 by the missionary4 ,thank ,god that there are sometimes missionaries near at hand who have won the love and confidence of the mothers and who are allowed to 8drive out the evil spirits0 by means of applied ,christianity1 common sense1 and cleverness4 ,here is an example of all three means used for a baby on the borders of ,pigmy ,land4 ,one morning a woman brought down to the dispensary a wee morsel of three weeks2 it was a pitiful little object of mere skin and bone4 ,the mother explained that it had been poisoned out of spite1 or it was possessed of an evil spirit4 8,see10 said she1 8,i have done all ,i could to let out the poison or devil40 ,looking at its body ,i saw it was covered with a number of small1 deep cuts1 and the blood had been left to dry4 ,low moans and a tired cry came from the poor1 little1 helpless mite as the flies tortured its mutilated body4 ,after questioning the mother the 8evil spirit0 took the form of bananas and mushrooms1 on which she had been bringing up the three weeks' infant6 ,feeding bottles were an unknown luxury1 and1 as no equivalent had been invented1 babies were compelled to lap from the hand1 an art they never properly learned and thrived on very poorly4 ,some three dozen india rubber 8comforters0 were sent out to me1 and these ,i managed to fix on empty ink bottles or medicine bottles1 and so a new fashioned 8,allenbury feeder0 was introduced4 ,the demand far exceeded the supply1 so they could only be lent out by the month4#e ,sidenote3 ,superstitions regarding twins4 ,strangely enough the birth of twins seems to be regarded with horror or disgust1 or at least as a misfortune1 in almost all lands where ,christ1 the ,lover of children1 is not known4 ,in some parts of ,africa the little twin babies are stuffed into a pot and thrown into the woods to die1 and their mother is considered disgraced for life or sent into exile4 ,a missionary of the ,church ,missionary ,society of ,london tells us that in ,west ,africa the idea is that by the law of ,god human births should be single2 therefore1 if a mother has twins1 she has been degraded to the level of a beast1 the children are also beasts1 and their death is necessary in order to preserve the human race pure and to prevent misfortune4 ,japanese fathers will not let a little child look into a mirror and see its double1 for fear that when grown it will be unfortunate enough to have twins6 ,as there is no phase of life that ,christian missions cannot touch and change1 so among some of the ,african ,west ,coast tribes1 as the people have learned of ,christianity1 twin murder has been abandoned along with human sacrifice1 though even harder to eradicate4 ,sidenote3 ,infanticide4 ,were twin murder alone prevalent among non-,christian races1 it would be reason enough for earnest effort and prayer on the part of every ,christian mother in the world until it could be stamped out4 ,but the crime of infanticide is so frightfully prevalent in ,china1 ,india1 and the ,pacific ,islands that it is a loud challenge to ,christian parents to bring into darkened hearts and homes the knowledge of ,him who considered it a capital offense even to 8cause one of these little ones to stumble40 ,in very few cases do we read of infanticide being practiced at the present time on boy babies4 ,twin murder as mentioned above1 the killing in ,central ,africa of 8monstrosities0 who have been born with a tooth cut1 or who cut their upper teeth first1 and the putting away of illegitimate children among some ,mohammedans1 seem to be almost the only exceptions to this rule4 ,the poor little girl babies1 not wanted1 not welcomed1 considered a disgrace and an expense1 must again and again pay the penalty for being girls with their lives4 8,why should the girl live80 the ,pacific ,islander would say to the early missionaries1 8,she cannot poise the spear1 she cannot wield the club40#f ,sidenote3 ,causes of infanticide in ,india4 ,rev4 ,e4 ,storrow has made a careful study of the causes of infanticide in ,india1 and his conclusions are worthy of our attention4 ,our knowledge1 at the best imperfect1 is confined to the present century1 the period of ,british supremacy4 ,three causes have led to it3-- #a4 ,great moral laxity1 combined with indifference to infantine life1 and a desire to conceal wrong doing1 which the privacy of native habits renders comparatively easy4 #b4 ,religious fanaticism has led to the crime in restricted areas4444 #c4 ,but infanticide1 springing out of disappointment at the birth of girls1 because of their assumed inferiority to boys1 the lowering of the family repute1 and the inevitable expense demanded by usage on their marriage1 chiefly requires our attention2 because it grew into a system which was hardly concealed1 and became prevalent in ,rajputana1 ,gujarat1 ,cutch1 and other great districts in ,central and ,western ,india4444 ,the little ones were usually destroyed immediately after birth4444 ,the reasons for such a usage1 widely established among such people1 and perpetuated through many generations1 are worthy of close attention4 ,cruelty is not a ,hindu characteristic4444 ,but the people are callous and apathetic4 ,they would not deliberately inflict suffering and take pleasure in it1 but they would not move hand or foot to rescue such as were greatly suffering4444 ,this goes far to explain the unchallenged prevalence for ages of such atrocities as suttee and infanticide4444 8,a mother of sons0 is one of the highest compliments that can be paid to a wife2 8a mother of daughters0 is one of the most contemptuous and scornful of all terms of reproach4 ,this explains the gladness with which the birth of sons is welcomed1 the disappointment manifest at the birth of daughters1 and the disposition to put them away4444 ,but whilst these were the causes generally operative1 there were two special ones1 which were influential among the haughty1 high-caste ,rajputs and kindred tribes--the difficulty of procuring suitable husbands for their daughters1 when the customary age for marriage arrived2 with the supposed disgrace of having unmarried daughters1 and the difficulty of defraying the heavy expenses which usage demands4444 ,happily1 the crime is abating through the persistent action of the government1 and yet more because of that great wave of renewed opinion and sentiment passing over the people4 ,but that this crime is yet frequent1 and the law evaded1 is evident4#g ,was there a dry eye in the auditorium at ,northfield when ,mrs4 ,james ,cochran1 only a few weeks before her death1 told of the little girl babies in ,china who are thrown out to die8 ,all could feel the throbbing love of her mother heart as she told the story in such simple words to the hundreds of young women gathered before her4 ,who among them could ever again be guiltless if she did not do her share towards saving the baby girls of ,china8 ,listen to her words3#h ,confucianism wants no little girls1 for they are of no use4 ,it is very nice to have one or two1 but in the part of ,china from which ,i come it is absolutely a custom1 if there are more than two or three1 to murder the others in some horrible way4 ,one night one of my pupils came to my class very soberly4 ,at first she whispered to the women about her and then they began to whisper to each other4 ,finally ,i inquired the reason4 ,one of the women replied1 8,she is feeling badly because they are killing a little baby down at her house40 8,killing a little baby60 8,yes10 the girl replied1 8they have three little girls and another girl has just come4 ,i feel so badly because she is a dear1 fat1 little baby4 ,i did not want to see her die1 but my sister is determined to kill her40 8,oh10 ,i said1 8you go and bring that baby to me4 ,i can take care of her40 ,so she went1 but before she arrived the baby had been murdered in a way too dreadful to tell4 ,sidenote3 ,bathing of children4 ,it is rather entertaining to pick up1 one after another1 books and magazine articles written for children about the children of missionary lands1 and to find them all starting out with the proposition1 8,children are very much the same the world around40 ,how are we going to reconcile this statement with the fact that some children survive and even thrive upon treatment that would mean certain death to others8 ,what would happen to the little ,american baby first opening his eyes on the world1 if he were taken out of doors as the babies are in ,central ,africa between four and five o'clock in the morning1 when the cold night winds are still abroad1 and cold water were dashed over him1 and he were left naked out there to dry8 ,the cold water treatment of the ,africans and the ,lao differs widely from the baths of little ones in ,japan where the water must be nearly boiling hot to be of the proper temperature4 ,but in ,persia it would be sure death to a newborn baby to be bathed at all1--he must be carefully rubbed with salt as were the properly-cared-for infants of ,ezekiel's time6 7,ez4 #af3d47 ,then into a cradle he is not laid1 but strapped1 wound round and round until his little legs and arms are rigid and immovable1 and the soft bones of the back of his head are flattened as he lies there day after day4 ,oh1 how we long to pick him up and let him change places occasionally with one of the imperial babies of ,japan1 who must be held in some one's arms day and night from the time of his birth until he can walk4 ,but no1 there he must lie1 and1 in order that he may not take cold and fall a victim to that dangerous enemy1 fresh air1 over the ridgepole of the cradle are thrown various coverings1 most of which hang to the floor4 ,a missionary told me that once when she wanted to look at a ,syrian baby1 she took off four blankets which had been thrown over the whole cradle1 and then removed a ,turkish towel folded double over the child's face4 ,sidenote3 ,clothing of children4 ,it is strange to learn in how many lands the mothers feel that they must wrap and tie and bind and swathe their babies until they are deprived of all power of motion1 and lives and health are sadly endangered by too much rather than too little clothing4 ,the ,chinese mother dresses her baby in a tiny wadded jacket1 then another1 then another1 saying perhaps1 8,it is five jackets cold to-day40 ,he is wrapped and tied up until the bundle with a baby at the centre can be rolled on the floor without hurting him1 or may perchance act as a life-preserver if he falls off the houseboat into the canal4 ,it is pretty sure to keep afloat until it can be pulled in with a boat hook4 ,illustration3 ,a ,,persian ,,baby ,,in ,,his ,,cradle ,very differently clad are the 8,coral ,island ,brownies0 or the babies of ,africa1 who are not hampered with any clothes at all1 and as they grow older simply wear a fringe of grass or a strip of calico about their waists4 ,it is easy to trace many of the cases of terrible eye disease among children in ,egypt1 ,syria1 and other warm countries to the utter lack of any protection to the eyes from the glaring sunlight4 ,often boat women are seen rowing in the bright sunlight in ,china with babies asleep on their backs1 and nothing over the sensitive little eyes as their heads bob up and down in time with the oars4 ,it is often a great shock to the ,american missionary mother to see little heads wrapped and swathed in numerous cloths and kerchiefs1 while the little feet are blue with cold4 ,but then1 the shock is reciprocal1 and1 while the mother is off conducting a meeting1 her nurse is carefully making up for her negligence by wrapping up the head of the missionary baby until he is bathed in perspiration6 ,sidenote3 ,infant mortality4 ,the study of ,infant ,mortality is now engrossing the thought and attention of many earnest men and women4 ,it is most difficult to get vital statistics from any non-,christian lands in order to give comparative tables4 ,in comparing the mortality statistics of the ,united ,states for #ahij and #aiji we find marked improvement in the 8opportunity for life and health0 granted to ,american children4 ,if ,george ,b4 ,mangold is right in saying that 8the infant and child mortality of a people is a barometer of their social progress10 then we have reason to believe that our land is making real advance in this respect4 ,in #ahij the total number of deaths of children under five years was #cjg1efb2 in #aiji the total number of deaths of children under five years was #aif1ecd4 ,from the first mortality table of the principal cities of the world in #aiab that has been made public we learn that-- ,stockholm has #hb deaths per #a1jjj births4 ,london #ij ,new ,york #aje ,contrast with these figures the following1 based upon careful study and research by high authorities3-- 8,it is by no means improbable that more than half the whole number of ,chinese children die before they are two years old40 7,arthur ,h4 ,smith47 ,in ,syria the infant mortality is #ge of the births4 ,in ,persia the infant mortality is #he of the births4 ,at a meeting of the ,national ,association for the ,prevention of ,infant ,mortality in ,great ,britain1 the ,right ,honorable ,john ,burns1 ,p4 ,c41 ,m4 ,p41 speaking on 8,infant ,life ,protection0 gave many interesting facts and figures to show how infant mortality is being decreased in ,great ,britain through scientific and systematic efforts along many lines4 ,one sentence is significant3 8,let me decide the food1 the home1 and the condition of life of every child from birth to seven years of age1 and the rest of mankind can do with the children after seven years of age what they like40 ,sidenote3 ,feeding of children4 ,constant and increasing attention is being paid in these days to the proper feeding of children1 to the study of dietetics1 to the preparation of suitable food for infants1 and to the proper intervals for administering the food4 ,any mother of average intelligence in our land may secure one of the carefully prepared books such as ,dr4 ,holt's on 8,the ,care and ,feeding of ,children10 or the smaller leaflets such as 8,what ,children ,should ,eat10 and by making a study of them and of her child may hope to see that it is well and properly nourished4 ,but what chance is there for the mother in ,asia or ,africa who1 even if she cares to learn1 has no means of knowing how to feed her child properly8 ,sidenote3 ,ignorant mothers4 ,i was making a call of condolence on a neighbor in ,persia who had just buried a dearly loved baby1 the fourth or fifth she had lost4 ,with such a pathetic look she said1 8,it seems as if we did not know how to care for our babies4 ,you missionaries take such beautiful care of yours40 ,a wonderful opening1 by the way1 for starting a mothers' meeting at which we used to discuss the care and training of our little ones4 ,a mother arrived early one meeting day to tell me1 8,i tried on my children what you suggested last week1 and it worked40 ,quite different was this set of mothers who had long been in contact with the missionaries1 from the mother in a ,persian village who begged a missionary to put a cent on her baby's head and write a prayer that it might not die as six others had done in that family4 ,the missionary replied with some severity that it was much more to the purpose to have the mother learn to take proper care of it1 for the baby was not yet a year old and she was feeding it with meat and fruit4 ,in most if not all of the non-,christian lands whose child life we are studying there seems to be the tendency to two extremes4 ,the children are often nursed by the mother for two1 three1 five1 or even more years1 and at the same time they are allowed to eat anything that their fancy dictates or that they can get hold of4 ,mrs4 ,noyes of ,china says that if the mother has no milk she cannot afford to buy canned milk1 and of course fresh milk is entirely out of her reach4 ,so she chews rice most carefully until it is soft and mushy1 then takes it from her own mouth and puts it1 germs and all1 into the baby's mouth4 ,this diet is supplemented with rich cakes and the inevitable tea4 ,another missionary tells us that1 if a child in ,china is ill1 his appetite is tempted by rich1 heavy food or fruit1 and adds1 8the mortality of children is frightful40 ,sidenote3 ,an unwholesome diet4 ,mrs4 ,underwood1 an experienced mother and physician who has lived and worked many years in ,korea1 says3 ,every imaginable practice which comes under the definition of unhygienic or unsanitary is common4 ,even young children in arms eat raw and green cucumbers1 unpeeled1 acrid berries1 and heavy1 soggy bread4 ,they bolt quantities of hot or cold rice1 with a tough1 indigestible cabbage1 washed in ditch water1 prepared with turnips1 and flavored with salt and red pepper4 ,green fruit of every kind is eaten with perfect recklessness of all the laws of nature1 and with impunity4444 ,but even these1 so to speak1 galvanized-iron interiors are not always proof4 ,it takes time1 but every five or six years1 by great care and industry1 a bacillus develops itself 444 and then there is an epidemic of cholera4#i ,it is one of the most difficult lessons to impress on those who have become ,christians that true ,christianity1 lived out to its logical conclusion1 includes all that proper physical care of the child which1 with the right mental and spiritual training1 shall prepare it to take its place in the world4 ,dr4 ,exner1 recently in physical educational work in the ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 at ,shanghai1 says3-- ,sidenote3 ,hygiene and the child problem4 8,the need of the knowledge of hygiene has a very definite bearing on the child problem4 ,thousands upon thousands of children are killed simply for the lack of knowledge of the simplest elements of feeding and care4 ,to illustrate3 ,a well educated ,chinese teacher1 graduate of a mission school1 fed his five months' old daughter a piece of rich cake4 ,it developed intestinal trouble from which it died in spite of expert medical care4 ,when ,i expressed my sympathy1 he said1 #8,well1 it is the ,lord's will4' ,i added to myself1 #8,you should know better6'0 ,how much easier it is to say piously1 8,it is the ,lord's will10 than to take trouble and bear expense and lay aside age-long custom and prejudice in order that little ones may live6 ,but we must not judge too harshly when we remember how long it has taken more enlightened lands to learn the great value of the lives of the children and how to care for these lives4 ,rather should we be all the more ready to send and carry to them the light and knowledge that have come to us4 ,then there will be fewer such scenes as one missionary mother witnessed in ,syria4 ,it was in a ,jewish family where there were four little girls4 ,the baby was a mass of sores from head to foot1 and the missionary physician said that they were merely the result of mal-nutrition4 ,but the mother said that her husband was utterly unwilling to buy a little milk each day1--8,it is not worth while1 for she is only another little girl40 ,sidenote3 ,special work for missionary mothers4 ,it is a most legitimate and absolutely essential part of missionary work1--and not one of the easiest tasks1 either1--to teach parents that 8children intelligently fed during infancy1 childhood1 and youth may hope for normal health in adult life1 with natural physical strength1 endurance1 buoyancy40 ,here is a special field of labor for missionary mothers1 who have this advantage over physicians and teachers that they can teach by object lessons which always make a deeper impression than exhortation or verbal instruction4 ,of course the missionary mother often has the great handicap of an adverse climate in which to bring up her child4 ,but her intelligent application of the principles she should learn in order to fit her for motherhood1 and her willingness to teach these principles to the ignorant mothers so interested in all that pertains to the little foreign baby1 may be some of the greatest factors in the future welfare1 stamina1 and development of great nations such as ,china and ,india4 ,sidenote3 ,children starving4 ,which is more harmful to a child1 reckless1 indiscriminate over-feeding or under-feeding and starvation diet8 ,in lands swept periodically by famine or flood or devastated by war and massacre1 there are thousands of little children who literally starve to death while other thousands continue to exist1--but what an existence it is6 ,how can it but have its evil effect on the mind and morals of a child as well as on its physical well-being to be deprived of proper or sufficient nourishment during the years of growth and development8 ,if child welfare is the legitimate1 rightful responsibility of every ,christian woman1 then it behooves us to see that such scenes as the following cease to be possible anywhere in the world4 ,one mother1 a widow with four children dependent on her1 told me1 with tears streaming down her face1 how she had tried to throw away the skeleton-like little baby she carried in her arms1 but she said the child always found its way back to her1 and she added1 8,it is not easy to give one's own child away40 ,she said she felt sometimes she would just have to drink poison1 and put an end to her miserable existence1 and one of the others asked her what would become of her children if she did that1 and she said1 with despair in every feature1 8,don't ask me40#aj ,in a later chapter we shall learn of what is being done through ,christian orphanages for many little famine waifs and the orphans of those killed in battle and massacre1 but1 when we consider the untold harm to body and mind that has befallen these children before help reaches them1 we realize that we must hereafter work with heart and soul at the task of prevention of these great evils if we believe in the welfare of the human race4 ,sidenote3 ,health4 8,health10 we are told by ,dr4 ,e4 ,t4 ,devine1 8is influenced by the occupations and habits of growing children2 by their play and their attendance at school2 by the attention given to their eyesight1 hearing1 breathing1 and digestion1 to their spines1 and to the arches of their feet1 to their position at the desk1 and to the type from which their text books are printed2 by the readiness with which they make friends and so enter into the natural sports and exercises of childhood2 by the development of their self-control1 and their more or less unconscious acceptance of standards of conduct and principles of action which will be their ultimate safeguard against those diseases and weaknesses which come from indulgence of wrong appetites and desires40 ,sidenote3 ,foot-binding4 ,judged by these standards1 what chances have the children of ,asia and ,africa and the ,pacific ,islands for being safeguarded against disease and weakness and death8 ,consider the one matter of 8attention to the arches of their feet0 and compare such a standard of health with the age-long custom of foot-binding in ,china1 and what hope is there for perfect1 blooming health among the women of ,china or their children8 ,a full description of the horrible custom of foot-binding may be found in ,dr4 ,james ,s4 ,dennis's 8,christian ,missions and ,social ,progress0 7vol4 #a1 p4 #bab74 ,the effects of it upon the little girl victims are thus described by one who has every right to speak on the subject4 ,mrs4 ,archibald ,little1 whose position as president of the ,natural-feet ,society has given her special reason for investigating1 says in her book1 8,intimate ,china03 8,during the first three years 7of foot-binding7 the girlhood of ,china presents a most melancholy spectacle4 ,instead of a hop1 skip1 and a jump1 with rosy cheeks like the little girls of ,england1 the poor little things are leaning heavily on a stick somewhat taller than themselves1 or carried on a man's back1 or sitting sadly crying4 ,they have great black lines under their eyes1 and a special curious paleness that ,i have never seen except in connection with foot-binding4 ,their mothers sleep with a big stick by the bedside1 with which to get up and beat the little girl should she disturb the household by her wails2 but not uncommonly she is put to sleep in an outhouse4 ,the only relief she gets is either from opium1 or from hanging her feet over the edge of her wooden bedstead1 so as to stop the circulation4 ,the ,chinese saying is1 8,for each pair of bound feet there has been a whole kang1 or big bath1 full of tears40 ,and they say that one girl out of ten dies of foot-binding or its after-effects40#aa ,among the changes that are sweeping over ,china1 the ,anti-foot-binding ,movement ranks high in importance4 ,it is receiving daily impetus by reason of all the new things ,chinese women and girls want to do1 which are impossible to accomplish unless they can walk instead of hobble4 ,when this movement has really conquered the custom and 8fashion0 of centuries1 there will be a better health report from the girls of ,china4 ,utter carelessness or ignorance of the first principles of cleanliness is responsible for much ill-health and death4 ,a 8swat-the-fly campaign0 would save thousands of unprotected baby faces from being covered with loathsome disease or disfigured with dangerous eye trouble1 but it would encounter not only hopeless inertia1--it would arouse serious religious opposition4 ,in some countries the 8sacredness of life0 means1--,protect the fly1 no matter what happens to the baby4 ,sidenote3 ,medical practice in non-,christian lands4 ,one subject1 upon which ,dr4 ,devine has not touched in his list given above1 is the necessity for the protection of well children from contagious diseases1 and of skilful1 tender care of the sick4 ,we might easily fill a chapter with the study of so-called 8medical practice0 as conducted in non-,christian lands1--a practice composed largely of mingled superstition1 ignorance1 cruelty1 and avarice--but a few pages on the subject in addition to our earlier study of what takes place at the time of childbirth will suffice1 we trust1 to make earnest ,christian women desire to study it further4 ,it is easy to shrink from contemplating the sufferings of innocent children1 and many a woman is tempted to say1 8,i am too sensitive1 ,i cannot hear about such things40 ,but are we more sensitive than the little1 shrinking1 pitiful children to whom these things happen daily8 ,therefore1 not to encourage morbid curiosity1 but in order that as ,christian mothers and sisters we may lift the burden from little shoulders unable to bear it1 let us fearlessly face the facts as they are4 ,sidenote3 ,contagious diseases4 ,the frightful ravages made by smallpox1 diphtheria1 scarlet fever1 and even the milder 8children's diseases10 such as measles and whooping-cough1 often devastate whole towns and carry away the larger part of the children in a community4 ,smallpox1 for instance1 is so common in ,korea that it is not considered worth while to try to escape it4 ,it is caused by the visit of a very great and honored spirit1 and while he remains the children are addressed in high sounding terms in honor of their great guest4 ,when he is about ready to return to the south land1 i4e41 when the child has nearly recovered1 a feast is made in honor of the visitor and he is provided with a wooden horse for his journey4 ,on an itinerating journey in ,korea ,dr4 and ,mrs4 ,underwood with their little boy stopped at a village called ,pak ,chun and had a rather disturbing experience4 ,just before leaving1 ,i saw a child quite naked1 covered with smallpox pustules in full bloom1 standing near our door4 ,i asked one of the natives if there was much of that disease in the village at present4 8,in every house10 was the concise reply4 8,why1 there is none in the house we are in10 said ,i with confidence4 8,oh1 no1 they took the child out the day you came in order to give you the room10 was the reassuring answer4 ,we had eaten and slept in that infected little room1 our blankets all spread out there1 our trunks opened1 everything we had exposed4 ,we had even used their cooking utensils and spoons and bowls before our own packs had arrived4 ,for ourselves we had been often exposed1 and believed ourselves immune4 ,mr4 ,underwood had nursed a case of the most malignant type1 and ,i had been in contact with it among my patients1--but our child6 ,so we sent a swift messenger with a despatch to the nearest telegraph station1 twenty-four hours away1 to ,dr4 ,wells1 in ,pyeng ,yang4 ,he at once put a tube of virus into the hands of a speedy runner1 who arrived with it a week later4 ,we found the country full of smallpox1 measles1 and whooping-cough1 and added to our smallpox experience an exactly similar one with measles4#ab ,the loud death wail goes up from a village home in ,persia where a little life has been snatched away by diphtheria4 ,instantly every mother in the village seizes her baby and the next-to-the-youngest toddles after1 and all gather in the family room of the little mud home1 where the body lies1 and show their sympathy by adding their voices to the general din4 ,fortunately custom decrees that burial take place as speedily as possible1 but the mischief has already been done1 and echoes of the death wail are heard from far and near4 ,call over the roll of physicians of your own ,board4 ,a wonderful report it would be if each could respond and give the number of epidemics through which he or she has worked unflinchingly1 bringing hope and comfort and life to hundreds and thousands stricken down not only by the diseases already mentioned but by typhus1 cholera1 and plague4 ,call the roll of the countries where no law demands isolation or precautions of any kind1 and one after another would respond1 if it could1 in terms of loving gratitude to missionaries who have introduced or freely used vaccine1 anti-toxin1 cholera serum1 and other products of medical science4 ,many lands are now awaking to the possibility and desirability of using preventive measures1 and vaccination1 for instance1 is very prevalent in ,china4 ,it is good to hear ,dr4 ,estella ,perkins of ,china say1 after an epidemic of scarlet fever1 8,i must say1 however1 that these young mothers have been very obedient to orders4 ,i know by the number of dispensary cases of sequelae in patients ,i did not treat1 that the careful following of directions by the mothers of my children must have saved half of them from bad results of the disease4 ,it is a comfort to be able to do something more than prescribe a little medicine40 ,sidenote3 ,cruel treatment of sick children4 ,we spoke above of the ignorance1 cruelty1 superstition1 and avarice that compose so largely the medical practice of the ,orient4 ,disease is very frequently considered the work of an evil spirit which must either be appeased by offerings or driven out by harsh and cruel treatment4 ,and so the tender little bodies are branded with hot irons1 pierced by needles1 or burned with rags dipped in oil and set on fire4 ,while the little one suffers1 a witch doctor may be called in to use his incantations1 or the mother may take a little rag from some article of the child's clothing and tie it to a sacred tree already covered with hundreds of these rags1 or the string of beads or the entrails of a beast are consulted to see if the omen is favorable for administering medicine4 ,let me give just one case from ,central ,africa which can be duplicated many times over from the records of other lands4 ,as an example let me give the case of a lad who was suffering from tuberculosis4 ,he had consulted the witch doctor1 and after having paid his fee was told that he had been poisoned4 ,whereupon the 8surgeon0 drew his knife out from his belt and made a number of small incisions4 ,he then declared he could see the poison inside the youth1 and took it away4 ,but the lad was not cured1 and so came down to give the ,european's wisdom a trial4#ac ,sidenote3 ,christian help for sick children4 ,thank ,god1 there is a brighter side to the story4 ,in the name of the little ,child of ,bethlehem the little children of sorrow and darkness and suffering are being reached and helped and cured and loved4 ,in many a mission hospital and many a humble home the blind are receiving sight1 the crooked limbs are being straightened1 the burning fever is checked1 the hollow cheeks are growing round and rosy4 ,the last word picture of this chapter shall be from the pen of ,mrs4 ,gerald ,f4 ,dale1 the mother-saint who presides over the women's and children's hospitals in ,beirut1 ,syria4 ,sidenote3 ,children's ,pavilion1 ,beirut4 ,the ,children's ,pavilion is the arena which calls into play the whole gamut of one's emotions4 ,such poor1 wasted faces2 such robust1 jolly faces2 so much pain2 so much fun2 twisted limbs before operation1 straight ones after2 noses and mouths cobbled and mended1 a stitch here1 a fold there1 and what a change6 ,it requires the standpoint of the ,east to unravel the full meaning of little ,hindiyeh's exclamation1 who1 gazing in admiration at her straightened legs1 looked up with a merry laugh and said3 8,curse the religion of the father of my legs as they used to be60 ,a baby-boy was to have no say in the matter of his poor crumpled-up little club-feet1 for the mother begged that only one might be straightened1 in order to save him from military service in the future4444 ,the children's favorite game is 8operations10 the patient being in turn a real child or a doll4 ,everything is reproduced to the life4 ,a pin stuck into the doll's mouth is a thermometer2 sawdust stuffing makes a most realistic draining wound2 bits of wire and gauze are twisted into a mask1 and chloroform is poured from an empty spool4 ,the scientific bandaging of head1 legs1 and arms shows how intently the little brains have observed4 ,they are busy with other things too2 hymn after hymn is learned1 the commandments1 verses1 psalms4 ,everything that is dropped into these receptive minds stays1 and once there will be shared1 who can tell by how many8 ,it is the little child who shall lead1 and it is the handful of corn whose fruit shall shake like ,lebanon4#ad ,sidenote3 ,the ,christ-,child and these little ones4 8,the place where the young ,child lay0 was the place where the brooding mother love shining from the tender mother eyes hovered over the little ,one to guard and protect and care for ,him in ,his appealing helplessness4 ,and from those lips1 once cooing in sweet babyhood1 come down to us the words1--8,inasmuch as ye did it unto one of the least of these little ones1 ye did it unto ,me40 ,illustration3 ,little ,abraham found living alone in a ruined house1 and brought to the door of the ,mission ,hospital in ,persia ,illustration3 ,abraham #ah months later1 ready to be dismissed from the ,hospital ,,quotations ,,childbirth--,,china ,mary ,v4 ,glenton1 ,wuchang1 ,china1 writes in the ,spirit of ,missions for ,july1 #aijb3 ,recently ,i was called to a case of childbirth away out in the country4 ,my native assistant had asked for a holiday2 she had gone that morning4 ,after a long ride in the chair through country roads1 past the pagoda1 ,i was ushered into a small house of two rooms and then into one of these rooms to my patient4 ,when ,i shut the door to keep the crowd out1 and had thrown water out the window several times for the same purpose1 ineffectually1 ,i found that ,i must have some light and also some air2 so ,i stationed one chair coolie at the door and another at the window1 and started in4 ,i had to give chloroform myself1 as well as do the rest of the work4 ,but after four hours' hard work1 so hard that while my feet were cold on the earth floor 7it was ,february71 the upper part of my body was in profuse perspiration1 ,i got through1 and saved the woman's life4 ,immediately there arose a most tumultuous screaming1 shrieking1 stamping1 calling1 flapping doors back and forth on their hinges1 and any sort of noise that could be made4 ,i had never heard such a din in my life4 ,what was coming ,i could not imagine4 ,i was miles away from home2 it was growing dark2 ,i had no one with me1 whom ,i knew or could reason with1 but the chair coolies1 one of whom was a mere boy1 the other a perfect goose1 who thinks himself unusually intelligent4 ,i managed to make myself heard after a while1 enough to ask what they were doing1 and found that all the din and racket were to frighten away the spirit of the dead baby that had just been born4 ,,mohammedan ,,babies ,,and ,,christian ,,soldiers ,during the ,balkan ,war a number of ,bulgarian soldiers came into a village which had been deserted by the ,turks1 and there they found eight little ,turkish babies who had been left behind1--girls of course4 ,they were in a dreadful condition1 but the tender heart of one of the soldiers could not bear to leave them so4 ,he found a tub1 and they undressed the babies1 bathed them1 and1 taking some cloth from a store1 bound them all up again in ,oriental fashion4 ,the tiny ladies1 being very hungry1 continued to cry4 ,the dilemma was how to find food for these eight babies1 all under a year of age4 ,the kind-hearted ,bulgarian was equal to the emergency4 ,dispatching one of his comrades to a neighboring village for some milk1 he proceeded to kill eight geese4 ,removing and cleaning the crops from these1 he filled them with the milk1 using goose quills for nipples1 and soon the eight babies were fast asleep4 ,then they sent them on into ,bulgaria to be cared for1 with greetings from ,turkey4 7,told by ,mrs4 ,e4 ,e4 ,count of the ,methodist ,episcopal ,mission in ,bulgaria47 ,,bible ,,reading 8,what manner of ,child shall this be80 ,luke #a3e-ad1 #eg-ff1 #hj4 ,the little child greatly longed for--promised by ,god's messenger--rejoiced over at birth--named 8,jehovah is gracious10 not according to custom but with peculiar significance--grew in stature--waxed strong in spirit--,god's hand was with him4 8,when ,i see a child he inspires me with two feelings3 tenderness for what he is now1 respect for what he may become hereafter40 ,louis ,pasteur4 ,,prayer ,o ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 we beseech ,thee1 by the innocence and obedience of ,thy ,holy childhood1 guard the children of this our land and of all lands2 preserve their innocence1 strengthen them when ready to slip1 recover the erring1 and remove all that may hinder them from being really brought up in ,thy faith and love2 ,who livest and reignest with the ,father and the ,holy ,ghost ever1 one ,god1 world without end4 ,amen4 ,,questions #a4 ,what do you consider the greatest need of the children of your community8 #b4 ,how does this need compare with the needs of children in the mission land in which you are most interested8 #c4 ,name the organizations in your community that deal with ,child ,welfare 7i4e41 milk station1 children's hospital ward1 etc474 ,how many of these exist in non-,christian lands8 ,by whom were they introduced8 #d4 ,what can a ruling power like the ,british ,government in ,india do to bring about better conservation of motherhood8 #e4 ,how would you go to work to eradicate harmful superstitions in a ,mohammedan land8 #f4 ,if you were conducting a series of six mothers' meetings in ,china1 what topics would you select8 ,,bibliography4 ,,chapters ,i ,,and ,,ii4 ,child ,problems1 ,george ,b4 ,mangold--,macmillan4 8,european ,institutions for ,protection of ,motherhood10 etc4 ,theodore ,l4 ,smith1 ,pedagogical ,seminary1 ,mar41 #aiab4 ,the ,problem of ,race ,regeneration1 ,havelock ,ellis4 ,parenthood and ,race ,culture1 ,saleeby4 ,the ,family and ,social ,life1 ,e4 ,t4 ,devine4 ,fifteen ,years ,among the ,top-,knots1 ,l4 ,h4 ,underwood--,am4 ,tract ,soc4 ,home ,life in ,turkey1 ,lucy ,m4 ,j4 ,garnett--,macmillan4 ,fetish ,folk of ,west ,africa1 ,r4 ,h4 ,milligan--,revell4 ,jungle ,days1 ,arley ,munson1 ,m4,d4--,d4 ,appleton ,co4 ,our ,sisters in ,india1 ,rev4 ,e4 ,storrow1 ,chapter vii--,revell4 8,the ,unbinding of ,bright ,blossom's ,feet10 ,everyland1 ,march1 #aiac4 ,the ,light of the ,world1 ,r4 ,e4 ,speer1 ,infanticide1 pp4 #cec1 #ced4 ,christian ,missions and ,social ,progress1 ,j4 ,s4 ,dennis1 ,infanticide1 vol4 i1 p4 #acc4 ,when ,i ,was a ,boy in ,china1 ,ian ,phon ,lee--,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 ,press4 ,village ,life in ,china1 ,arthur ,h4 ,smith--,revell4 ,village ,life in ,korea1 ,j4 ,r4 ,moose--,m4 ,e4 ,church1 ,south4 ,the ,chinese at ,home1 ,j4 ,dyer ,ball--,revell4 ,on the ,borders of ,pigmy ,land1 ,ruth ,b4 ,fisher--,revell4 8,the ,training of a ,japanese ,child10 ,francis ,little--,century1 ,june1 #aiac4 ,for leaflets and ,children's ,magazines see ,bibliography for ,chapter ,,ii4 ,much valuable material will be found for this and the following chapters in all the earlier text-books of the ,central ,committee on the ,united ,study of ,foreign ,missions4 ,these books1 studied with special reference to ,the ,child1 will bring new light and interest to their readers4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,e4 ,t4 ,devine1 8,the ,family and ,social ,life10 p4 #ea4 #b ,alonzo ,bunker1 8,sketches from the ,karen ,hills40 ,revell4 #c ,child ,welfare ,magazine1 ,feb41 #aiac1 p4 #aie4 #d ,fleming ,h4 ,revell4 #e ,ruth ,b4 ,fisher1 8,on the ,borders of ,pigmy ,land40 ,revell4 #f ,alexander1 8,the ,islands of the ,pacific40 ,am4 ,tract ,soc4 #g ,e4 ,storrow1 8,our ,sisters in ,india40 ,revell4 #h ,record of ,christian ,work1 ,sept41 #aiab1 8,how ,chinese ,religions ,fail40 #i ,l4 ,h4 ,underwood1 8,fifteen ,years among the ,top-,knots40 ,am4 ,tract ,soc4 #aj ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,june1 #aiaa1 ,w4 ,d4 ,a4 ,t4 ,bostick4 #aa ,m4 ,e4 ,ritzman in ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,feb41 #aiaa4 #ab ,l4 ,h4 ,underwood1 8,fifteen ,years among the ,top-,knots40 ,am4 ,tract ,soc4 #ac ,ruth ,b4 ,fisher1 8,on the ,borders of ,pigmy ,land40 ,revell4 #ad ,woman's ,work1 ,dec41 #aiaa1 p4 #bga4 ,,chapter ,,ii4 ,,the ,,child ,,at ,,home 8,train up a child in the way he should go40 ,a ,mohammedan home in ,persia--,a heathen home in ,africa--,a ,christian home in ,zululand--,the home the centre of a nation's life--,christianity's gift to non-,christian homes--,greatness of the task--,disorderly homes--,moral influences--,need of teaching the mothers--,lack of proper discipline--,lack of innocence coupled with appalling ignorance--,sex knowledge--,a missionary mother's 8dream0--,position of fathers--,fathers transformed by ,christianity--,motherhood--,christian wives and mothers--,child marriage--,betrothal customs--,dying child-wife--,child widows--,homes of the world need ,christ--,vocation of a missionary wife--,missionary homes4 ,scene ,one3 ,a ,mohammedan home in ,persia4 ,sidenote3 ,a ,mohammedan home in ,persia4 ,the women's apartments opening onto an inner court-yard present an animated scene1 for some ladies from another harem have come with children and servants to make a call2 i4e41 to spend the afternoon1 drink unlimited quantities of tea and pussy-willow-water1 smoke unnumbered cigarettes alternating with the water pipe1 and nibble at sweetmeats and fruits provided in large abundance4 ,the greetings are conducted with due decorum by women and children1 and then1 while the servants and concubines of the home move to and fro with the proper refreshments1 and while the children dispose of large quantities of sweets1 the gossip of the neighborhood is discussed with animation4 ,the conversation1--no1 it cannot be repeated here1 for it is not fit for the printed page2 but little girls sit eagerly drinking it in1 and little boys stop in their play to wink at each other with knowing looks as they catch the drift of the talk4 ,a mere baby crawls up to attract his mother's attention and1 not succeeding1 slaps her with all his tiny might as she sits on a cushion on the floor4 8,oh brave boy6 oh splendid boy6 just see how he hits me when ,i do not listen to him60 ,and the little boy is hugged and his wishes are granted while he learns well his lesson of the inferiority of a woman1--even his mother4 ,presently a little girl begins to scream vigorously1 having been pounded and scratched by a small boy in the party4 ,the lad is rewarded for his manliness with a big piece of saffron candy1 but the girl1 being a visitor1 must be consoled2 and so the delightful promise is made3 8,never mind2 stop crying1 and we will find you a nice husband4 ,now wouldn't it be fine to arrange a marriage for her with the son of ----80 and so the whole matter is discussed in the child's hearing1 and she too learns her lesson1--that the one ambition of a girl must be to get married as early as possible1 and the more valuable she is1 the greater settlement must her prospective husband make upon her1 to be paid in case he wishes to divorce her4 ,it is evening1 the visitors are gone1 and the head of the home with the older boys will take his evening meal in the anderun 7women's apartment74 ,no cloth is spread for the whole family4 ,the husband and sons are served on large copper trays by the women of the household1 who eat later what is left4 ,the husband is in a wretched mood and vents his anger right and left4 ,even the favorite wife1 a young girl who has recently superseded in his affections the mothers of his children1 trembles for her position when the rice is not to his taste2 and suddenly at some further provocation he turns upon her1 and with the words1 8,i divorce you10 sends her cowering from him1 a divorced woman of fifteen1 amid the sneers and insults of those who served and fawned on her earlier in the day4 99 99 99 99 99 ,scene ,two3 ,a hut in ,central ,africa4 ,sidenote3 ,a heathen home in ,africa4 ,soon after sunrise a number of women and girls1 laden with hoes1 baskets1 and babies1 start out from the grass hut which is home to them1 and make their way to the field to work all day in the hot sun4 ,having leisurely smoked his pipe in preparation for the day's labors1 the man of the house starts with sons and neighbors on a hunting expedition1 or goes to a neighboring town to exchange his stock for some coveted article4 ,towards evening all is bustle and confusion about the home1 as the women have returned and are preparing the evening meal4 ,all goes merrily1 for here comes the head of the house in an excellent humor4 ,picking up the nearest baby1 he fondles it and says1 8,a man in the next town has just bought this baby of me as wife for his son4 ,being strong and fat and lusty1 she has brought a good price40 ,whereupon a small brother shouts with delight1 for this means that the dowry for his wife is provided and the girl on whom he has set his affections can be procured without further delay4 ,his mother is pleased1--the prospect adds to her importance1--but the seventeen year old mother of the fat1 cooing baby turns away to hide her face and surreptitiously to hug her two other children4 8,anyway1 they are boys2 they cannot be taken from me40 ,the boy who is to profit by the sale of his little sister is not suited with his evening meal1 and1 catching a chicken1 he cuts off one leg and demands that it be cooked for him4 ,no thought of the suffering fowl interferes with his appetite1 any more than of the little sister so soon to be sent out on the forest trail1 her little brown body carefully oiled1 to be subjected to the blows and ill-treatment of an unknown mother-in-law4 ,but even before the little one goes1 she has learned her life lessons1--that a lie is a crime only if it is discovered1--that if she does not like her husband she may console herself with some other man so long as she is not found out4 ,and1 after all1 the relation may be of short duration1 for1 if her future husband is unkind1 one of his wives will surely be an adept in the art of poisoning1 and then all of them will be inherited by his brother4 ,and so the little brown baby1 fondled1 petted1 spoiled today1 is sent out tomorrow with foul words on her tongue and foul thoughts in her heart1 to be a wife and the future mother of little brown babies whose possibilities are infinite1 whose opportunities are to be1--what8 99 99 99 99 99 ,scene three3 ,a ,christian ,home in ,zululand4#ae ,sidenote3 ,a ,christian home in ,zululand4 8,i have already given you a peep at the life in a heathen kraal4 ,now repair to a ,christian home4 ,here we find everything simpler and more quiet4 ,here polygamy1 with all its attendant sensualities and riot1 has given place to restraint of passions and a purer union4 ,here is but one house and one wife4 ,the ,christian man's love is now undivided1 and all his efforts are centred in one objective4 ,the single house is no longer a stack of grass enclosing a dungeon of darkness1 but a square-walled building1 humble indeed1 but airy and bright4 ,in place of being obliged to crawl like animals on our knees into the heathen hut1 we may enter erect as becomes the dignity of man1 through swinging doors4 ,we come not into a smoky darkness1 but into a dwelling flooded with the light of glazed windows4 ,in the kraal we found the whole family1 old and young1 male and female1 huddled together night and day in the one small room2 here we have a dwelling with separate rooms1 so that parents and children and strangers may each enjoy some privacy4 ,the air is not only light with sunshine2 it is also pure and clean1 for no cooking operations are performed herein1 but in a special kitchen outside4 ,in the heathen hut1 whether for sitting or sleeping1 we were accommodated on the floor2 now we may sit more respectably on chairs1 eat our meals from a table1 and rest our weary bones on a raised bed4 8,at four or five o'clock in the morning1 according to season1--for the ,zulu is an early riser1--all are up4 ,we hear a gentle murmur from within4 ,ah6 it is the familiar sound1 so sweet to us1 but never heard in the heathen kraal4 ,it is the hour of morning prayer1 when husband and wife and little ones join their hearts and voices together in a fervent hymn of praise or hopeful supplication for protection and aid40 ,sidenote3 ,the home1 the centre of a nation's life4 ,the home is the centre of a nation's life4 ,more and more emphasis is being laid in enlightened communities on the need of proper home environment and on the grave risks and great dangers that accompany the lack of such environment4 ,if one studies the labors and writings of the great social and religious workers of today1 this note of emphasis on home life and training will be heard to ring out loud and clear1 above all other sounds of harmony or discord1--a call to meet a definite need4 ,dr4 ,devine has voiced this thought and enlarged upon it in its various phases in his recent book1 8,the ,family and ,social ,work10 in which he claims that 8,to maintain normal family life1 to restore it when it has been interfered with1 to create conditions more and more favorable to it1 is thus the underlying object of all our social work4 ,efforts to relieve distress and to improve general conditions are shaped by our conception of what constitutes normal family life40 ,sidenote3 ,christianity's gift to non-,christian homes4 ,any candid woman who has studied the 8home-scenes0 at the beginning of this chapter and has then proceeded 7as it is hoped and expected that she will7 to study home conditions and surroundings in other lands1 will surely be ready to admit that the greatest gift ,christianity has to offer to a non-,christian land is the introduction of the power of the ,christ life into the homes of that land4 ,dr4 ,dennis lays great emphasis on the necessity and opportunity for missionary endeavor along this line4 ,the reconstruction of the family1 next to the regeneration of individual character1 is the most precious contribution of missions to heathen society1 and we may add that it is one of the most helpful human influences which can be consecrated to the service of social elevation4 ,in the effort to hallow and purify family life we stir the secret yearning of fatherhood and motherhood2 we enter the precincts of the home1 and take childhood by the hand2 we restore to its place of power and winsomeness in the domestic circle the ministry of womanhood2 and at the same time we strike at some of the most despicable evils and desolating wrongs of our fallen world4 ,nothing in the history of human society1 except the teaching and example of ,jesus ,christ1 has wrought with such energy and wisdom in introducing saving power into social development as a sanctified home life4 ,if parental training can be made loving1 faithful1 conscientious1 and helpful1 if womanhood can be redeemed and crowned1 if childhood can be guided in tenderness and wisdom1 if the home can be made a place where virtue dwells1 and moral goodness is nourished and becomes strong and brave for the conflicts of life1 we can conceive of no more effective combination of invigorating influences for the rehabilitation of fallen society than will therein be given4#af ,sidenote3 ,greatness of the task4 ,the task fairly staggers us with its greatness and its limitless scope2 but let us be big enough to look even beyond all this1 and1 with the glorious capacity for motherhood that lies in every good woman's breast1 let us see not only the millions of homes that are in darkness and sorrow and degradation today1 but also realize that the children of today are to be the fathers and mothers of tomorrow4 ,our work as a 8great1 beautiful1 organized motherhood for the world0 must include the preparation of these children to assume the duties of parenthood in the future1 and to raise from generation to generation the standards of individual and home and national life 8till we all attain unto a full grown man1 unto the measure of the stature of the fulness of ,christ40 ,sidenote3 ,disorderly homes4 ,the physical conditions of a home1 and the moral and spiritual characters developed in the home act and re-act on each other with clock-like precision4 ,would you expect a neat and orderly housemaid if you engaged a girl from a home in ,china which ,mrs4 ,s4 ,c4 ,perkins thus describes8-- ,the great mass of the people live in what can only be called hovels1 the family occupying one room1 shared with pigs and chickens2 damp1 dark1 unventilated1 and unclean4 ,even in the houses of the rich there is a certain cheerlessness owing to the lack of carpets1 the absence of sunlight1 and the stiff arrangement of the furniture4 ,the odor of incense in all houses renders the atmosphere close and unpleasant4 ,the people will not use whitewash1 because white is an unlucky color2 indeed1 their many superstitions interfere with the comfort of the poorer classes quite as much as does their poverty4 ,in ,northern ,china every house has its kang1 a platform of stone about two feet high1 underneath which a fire is kindled for warmth and for cooking1 the heat being carried through it by a flue into the chimney4 ,here the family sleep at night1 sit by day1 and on it they cook their food4#ag ,how much ambition would one be able to arouse in a school girl coming from this home in ,burma8 ,the home of one of the mission school girls is described in this way3 8,it is a large teakwood house1 and we walk right in1 for there is no door bell4 ,the large hall is half filled with piles of wood1 for the family lives on the second floor4 ,a servant tells us to go up1 and we climb the long stairs4 ,at the top we find the lady of the house sitting on a mat smoking4 ,she motions us to be seated4 ,in the large room are two mats1 two chairs1 and two tables40#ah ,sidenote3 ,absence of innocence4 ,innocent childhood1 modesty1 purity can hardly be counted on in the unnumbered homes of ,africa1 ,india1 ,persia1 ,korea1 and other lands where the whole family lives in one room1 where sons bring their brides to swell the number of those whose every act and word is seen or heard by the whole patriarchal family4 ,if further evidence is needed of the inter-relation of the physical home surroundings and the formation of character1 study the history of those savage communities that have come under the power of the ,gospel1 as for instance the ,new ,hebrides ,islands1 and it will be very evident that 8godliness is profitable for all things10 even for introducing a comfortable1 tidy home in which one can stand upright and enjoy some degree of privacy6 ,sidenote3 ,moral influences4 ,in order to learn what should be done for little children in non-,christian lands1 we must know in addition to their physical needs something of the moral and spiritual influences that surround them4 ,of the spiritual influences we shall speak in a later chapter1 and1 though the moral effects on life and character have already been touched on in various ways1 it seems wise to sum up briefly some of the special home influences that affect child life in the lands of which we are studying4 ,we must be humble and teachable too1 for it is true that we ,americans could well be learners when it comes to the lessons in filial piety taught to ,chinese children1 and the careful attention to etiquette and social graces which form an important part of the training of ,japanese girls4 ,sidenote3 ,the ,chinese ,mother ,ideal4 ,in a most interesting and enlightening study of 8,the ,chinese ,mother ,ideal0#ai ,mrs4 ,gammon shows that 8even a cursory glance through ,chinese literature reveals teachings which if carried into effect might transform the whole empire40 ,but alas6 8to the majority of the women of ,china the printed page is a sealed book10 and in many of the moral as well as the spiritual teachings we find minute instructions for outward observances1 but no life-principles upon which true character may be built4 ,sidenote3 ,evil influences surrounding the children4 ,immodesty1 shocking impurity1 dishonesty1 lying1 disobedience1 foul and abusive language1 quarrelsomeness1 bad habits1 cruelty1 anger1 jealousy1--we might go on with the long terrible list of influences that surround the child from babyhood up1 that are a part of his heritage1 and are not treated as evils to be uprooted by careful training and wholesome example1 but as qualities to be emulated4 ,one of the 8,sacred ,books0 of ,burma says1 8,a statement constitutes a lie when discovered by the person to whom it is told to be untrue60 ,in the same way millions of children are today being taught that sin is sin only when it is found out or when it inconveniences a superior avenging power4 ,how to teach the mothers so that their example and precepts may produce different children1 that is our great problem4 ,we hear of a convert in ,india who told a missionary that she 8often prays for power to forget the words she heard and the things she saw and the games she played when she was a little child in her mother's room40 ,i often recall an impromptu mothers' meeting held on the mud roof of a village home in ,persia1 where the text was furnished by a self-righteous mother whose child had misbehaved at the afternoon service conducted by my husband4 ,the mother boasted that she had dragged her child out of the meeting and beaten him on the head till his nose bled4 ,sidenote3 ,lack of proper discipline4 ,sidenote3 8,no plan40 ,of real discipline1--punishment administered in love1 not in anger1 for the purpose of teaching great life principles1 ,i have yet to discover a trace in homes untouched by the love of ,christ in the lands of which we are speaking4 ,love there is1 and how often the unexpressed yearning of the mother heart finds utterance at last when she comes into contact with a mother who knows of these things4 ,a young missionary mother from ,china told me about a pleasant gathering of women in her parlor after her youngest baby was born4 ,one woman said to her1 8,i wish ,i knew what to do when my children are naughty4 ,i have no plan40 ,the poor woman was nursing her fourth baby1 and worn by wakeful nights and constant nursing was in no condition1 physically1 mentally1 or morally1 to rule wisely her mischievous1 disobedient1 crying children4 ,sidenote3 ,miss ,holliday on child training in ,persia4 ,from the vast amount of interesting information which our missionaries are glad to share with us the moment this subject is broached1 it is difficult to select something for the limited space in this chapter4 ,in this as in other instances1 the intention is rather to whet the appetite for more1 than to make an exhaustive study of the subject4 ,miss ,g4 ,y4 ,holliday of ,persia says1-- ,i find children passionately longed for1 much loved1 though not at all wisely2 often the tyrants of the household4 ,it is a sad commentary on the depravity of human nature1 that no matter what outrage a child commits or how abominable his conduct may be1 it is considered an all-sufficient excuse to say1 8,he is a child10 as if there were no such things as good and well behaved children1 and nothing else was to be expected but disorder and disobedience from them4 ,the atmosphere of a ,moslem home is so bad for them1 with the continual swearing and vile language4 ,i was talking one day to a small boy1 the idol of his grandparents1 with whom he spends most of his time4 ,the subject was family discipline2 ,i said1 8,parents sometimes find it necessary to punish the children40 ,he replied with emphasis1 his eyes opening wider and wider1 8,yes1 parents whip1 they kick1 they strike40 ,sidenote3 ,lack of innocence coupled with appalling ignorance4 ,one of the most terrible results to children of the lack of proper home life and training is loss of innocence coupled with appalling ignorance4 ,this condition existing also in our own land is being faced in these days with new purpose and determination by earnest1 conscientious men and women who are seeking in many ways to find and apply a remedy4 ,from the many strong1 true writers and speakers on this subject we select a few words written by ,professor ,e4 ,p4 ,st4 ,john of the ,hartford ,school of ,religious ,pedagogy4 ,sidenote3 ,prof4 ,st4 ,john on sex knowledge4 ,it is unsafe to leave a child ignorant about sex4 ,the writer firmly believes that a majority of the evils that appear in connection with this phase of human nature could be avoided by simple1 frank instruction of children and youth4 ,the great trouble has been that parents who have clean ideas about sex and its relations have kept their lips sealed on the subject4444 ,even if it were desirable1 children cannot be kept in ignorance of these things4 ,through the parents' neglect their thoughts of these matters have too often been perverted and impure from the first4 ,the aim should be to pre-empt the ground for cleanness and truth4 ,sidenote3 ,a missionary mother's 8dream40 ,all honor and assistance be given to the missionary mother who1 feeling the horrible need of ,china's children and youth in this respect1 is spending much of her furlough year in working out a plan1--a 8dream0 she calls it4 ,will you listen to her dream1 and then see if it is not in your power to help the missionary mothers whom you know to make this dream a great and living reality in many of the dark habitations of the earth8 8,a ,chinese child knows all there is to be known about the deep life truths1 and knows it without the beauty of life being impressed on him4 ,i am going to tell you a dream ,i have4 ,perhaps it is not necessary to speak of it1 but it will show how strongly the awfulness of conditions has forced certain truths on me4 ,i am inquiring among my friends1 those who would know1 what are the best books of sex knowledge for men and women1 and especially the books or stories for children4 ,i am already beginning the little nature stories with my own boys and intend to teach them scientifically all the truths about themselves so beautifully and so naturally and so early that they will never know when they weren't acquainted with these facts1 and will never have aught but the deepest love for the knowledge ,i give them4 ,i think ,i can do it1 with plenty of study and determination4 ,then as ,i know ,chinese better1 ,i want to conduct classes for mothers and for children1 and also to get hold of our school boys and talk to them or put literature in their hands that will make better men of them4 ,if ,i stayed in this country1 ,i should push such knowledge at every turn4 ,i expect to keep a library that ,i can loan to ,american sailors and other young men4 ,i thoroughly believe that the propagation of such information will do more to change the life of children and the atmosphere of the ,chinese home than anything else4 ,for with this knowledge one learns the beauty and wonder of a ,god that could make such a beautiful human body4 ,it is wonderful to see what ,christian homes are doing1 but how much more they could do with knowledge1 scientific ,christian knowledge1 in the hearts of the parents60 ,sidenote3 ,position of the father4 ,the position of the husband and father in most non-,christian lands is that of supreme ruler and despot in his home4 ,in many cases he has the power of life and death over his children1 during infancy at least1 and where polygamy exists many a wife has suddenly disappeared1 never to be heard of again2 but no one thinks of questioning the rights of the husband in the matter4 ,his attitude toward the mothers of his children is the 8sample copy0 for his boys to imitate1 and right faithfully do they follow his example4 ,sidenote3 ,an ,egyptian father4 ,in the native quarter of ,alexandria1 ,egypt1 ,i saw a little boy who was very fond of making mud-pies in front of the house4 ,one afternoon his mother stepped into the doorway and called3 8,come in1 darling2 don't get your clothes so dirty4 ,come in1 sweet one40 ,no answer from the four-year-old4 ,the mother stepped into the road1 looking about to see that there were no men near to watch her1 and laid a kind motherly hand on the child to take him into the house4 8,come1 little one4 ,i will give you sweets2 come60 ,her husband at that moment came around the next corner1 and stood still to see what would happen4 ,the child turned on his mother1 and1 doubling up his little dirty fist1 he beat her right in the face1 and snarled1 8,bint el kelb60 7,daughter of a dog71 tearing himself loose4 ,the father stepped up1 and1 in place of giving the little scoundrel a thrashing1 he patted his son on the back1 smiled upon him1 and said3 8,brave little fellow6 ,thou magnificent little fellow60 ,proud of the son who could treat a woman thus6#bj ,sidenote3 ,an ,african father4 ,sidenote3 ,fathers transformed by ,christianity4 ,through the jungle of ,africa strides the man carrying his pipe and a big hunting knife2 after him comes his wife with a baby slung at her side1 stooping under the great pack on her back1 to lighten which he will not lift his little finger4 ,oh6 it is a sight to make angels rejoice when the grace of ,god touches the heart1 and manliness and chivalry are aroused in him who had all his life seemed absolutely callous to the needs and sufferings of those dependent on him6 ,in a ,persian village where a missionary lady was touring1 a man came to evening prayers and slipped a note into her hand that read1 8,receive ,m4 ,b4 with love1--he is a brother40 ,several years later she again visited the village1 but though she had no opportunity to talk with ,m4 ,b4 she saw something that spoke louder and more forcibly than a dozen conversations would have done4 ,when he was ready to go home from the meeting in the missionary's rooms1 he said to his wife1 8,give me the child10 and took the heavy1 sleeping boy out of her arms4 ,in all her long years of work among ,mohammedans this missionary had never seen a ,mohammedan man do such a thing4 ,illustration3 ,,mother ,,and ,,child ,,in ,,egypt 8,a ,japanese woman whose husband is a ,christian10 writes ,miss ,ransome1 8though she is as yet only an inquirer1 said recently that the change for the better had been so marvelous in her husband that she had decided to try to rear her boy in such a way that he would eventually become an evangelist4 ,she wanted others to know of the power of ,christianity which could change a quarrelsome1 drinking man to a kind1 sober1 industrious father40 ,that boy's chance for a happy1 useful life was the direct result of what the knowledge of ,christ had done for his father4 ,sidenote3 ,motherhood4 ,the sacred vocation of motherhood is regarded almost entirely from a commercial or social standpoint in non-,christian lands4 ,the free woman who remains unmarried is wellnigh an impossibility1--she has no chance for winning respect or position in this life1 and1 according to ,mohammedan belief1 has a very inferior place in heaven4 ,the woman who marries and has no children needs one's sympathy almost as much as does her unmarried sister4 ,in many cases she may be divorced after a certain number of years if no child has been born to her1 or she lives in dread of having another wife brought into the home1 who will make her life miserable with taunts such as ,peninnah heaped upon ,hannah in days of old4 ,and there is no hope that her lord and master will comfort her as ,elkanah comforted ,hannah1 offering her the devotion of ten sons4 ,sidenote3 ,a mother of girls4 ,but the unmarried woman and the childless wife are not alone in their degradation and distress4 ,never can ,i forget my feelings when told of a neighbor in ,persia who had just given birth to her seventh daughter4 ,her husband on visiting the room crossed over to where she lay on her bed on the floor1 looked at her with disgust and disapproval1 spat in her face and covered it with a cloth to show that she was a disgraced wife4 ,to be the mother of sons is the great wish of a woman's heart1 to have many daughters-in-law brought into the home to serve her and cower before her tyranny is her fondest ambition1 and when she attains it her influence is indeed great1 and in one respect at least she is queen of her home4 ,sidenote3 ,foundations of family life4 ,is it a mistake in this study of child life to pay so much attention to the subjects of fatherhood and motherhood8 ,nowhere can we find the real remedy for the evils that degrade and debase and oppress and crush the sweet innocence and dependence of childhood unless we go back of the child to the very foundations of family life4 ,many great authorities in ,america and ,europe1 as well as those who have labored and studied in ,oriental lands1 will testify to the truth of this statement4 ,rev4 ,j4 ,sadler of ,amoy says1 8,you would be profoundly impressed if you could realize how the strength of heathenism is in the women4 ,from earliest years they teach their children concerning demons1 and to be early eager as to inheritance1 and thus inspire selfish and quarrelsome ideas leading to divisions and life-long conflicts4 ,the importance of women's work cannot be estimated4 ,the destiny of the country is largely in their hands40#ba ,sidenote3 ,training ,christian wives and mothers4 ,this is one side of the picture4 ,the other is equally true4 ,dr4 ,daniel ,mc,gilvary1 for half a century a missionary among the ,siamese and ,lao1 tells of the wonderful result of a school for girls that provides ,christian wives and mothers4 ,notwithstanding our disappointment in the delay of the school for boys1 it proved a wise arrangement that the girls' school was started first4 ,a mission church is sure to be greatly handicapped whose young men must either remain single1--which they will not do1--or be compelled to take ignorant non-,christian wives4444 ,after marriage the almost universal custom of the country has been that the husband lives with the wife's family4444 ,where all the atmosphere of the family is strongly ,buddhist1 with daily offerings to the spirits and gala days at the temple1 the current would be too strong for a father1 with his secondary place in the family1 to withstand4 ,for a while it was feared that ,christian girls would have difficulty in finding husbands4 ,but1 on the contrary1 our educated girls become not only more intelligent1 but more attractive in manners1 dress1 and character2 and therefore1 have been much sought after4 ,the homes become ,christian homes1 and the children are reared in a ,christian atmosphere4 ,the result is that1 instead of the wife's dragging the husband down1 she generally raises the husband up2 and1 as a general rule1 the children early become ,christians4#bb ,the ,mohammedan girl educated in a ,christian school1 even though she must marry and live her life according to ,mohammedan customs1 takes with her to her father-in-law's home new ideas and customs that are going far to break down the old walls of prejudice4 ,mrs4 ,c4 ,m4 ,wherry of ,india writes3-- ,one of the most interesting facts that has come to light during recent years is this3 ,we do not know of any educated ,moslem girl who has spent four or five years in our schools1--and ,i include those of the ,british workers too1--who has ever been subjected to the indignity of a second wife brought into her home4 ,they seem to have gained strength of character and graces enough to hold their own against the bad influences of ,mohammedanism4 ,more and more we hear of ,moslem families who practically adopt the ,christian idea of marriage1 that is1 one woman in the home3 these families frequently in giving away their daughters take pledges from the bridegroom that she is to be the only wife1 while still more encouraging is the fact that many of these educated girls absolutely refuse to be given in marriage unless their parents insist on this single wife4#bc ,a little ,mohammedan girl had attended for a few months a small day school on the mission premises4 ,years afterwards her missionary teacher found her in a village1 and the woman gathering her children about her led them in the ,lord's ,prayer1 explaining that she and the children prayed together every day4 ,sidenote3 ,a ,christian mother in ,syria4 ,who can foretell the influence that will go on down through the years because of one mother in ,syria who has recently passed to her reward at the age of ninety years8 ,she was the mother of eight children1 two of whom were ordained pastors1 two licensed preachers1 one the wife of a pastor1 another a helper in the ,sidon ,missionary ,school1 one is employed by the ,church ,missionary ,society in ,nazareth1 and two more are teaching and preaching in the ,german ,orphanage in ,jerusalem4 ,think what the land of our ,saviour's sojourn would have lost had not that one mother learned to love and follow ,him1 and to train her children as a ,christian mother should4 ,sidenote3 ,child marriage4 ,many chapters might easily be devoted to the subjects of child marriage and child widowhood and their frightful effect on past1 present1 and future generations4 ,they have1 however1 been treated quite fully in recent mission study books1 and so much authoritative literature on these subjects exists that it does not seem best to dwell on them at length in this connection4 ,but every ,christian mother should pause and ask of herself earnestly1 8,what if it were my daughter1 my son1 how could ,i stand it8 ,would ,i not move heaven and earth to see that some remedy were found for this monstrous evil80 ,what if your daughter were that widowed teacher in a missionary school in ,china who had been married at nineteen to a boy of twelve1 and who every morning after washing his face and combing his hair had to see that he started off properly to school1 often crying and protesting1 and then turn to her weaving1 in order to earn money for his education8 ,sidenote3 ,testimony of an ,egyptian4 ,are we overestimating the evil because of our ,occidental customs and prejudices8 ,listen to the words of an ,egyptian1 translated and re-printed from a ,cairo daily paper4 ,i am an ,egyptian1 and speak of that which is customary in my land2 yet ,i wait to be shown that the ,moslems of ,india1 of ,yemen1 of ,syria1 or of ,persia are in any better case4444 ,the first step in our faulty marriage system is that of marrying boys of thirteen to girls not more than ten years of age1 as is the custom4 ,this custom is like making a fire of tender green branches2 you benefit not by its warmth1 but you suffer much from its smoke4 ,how many of us have suffered from this cause8 ,the excuse given for it is that it is to preserve our youth from impurity4 ,but what a feeble excuse6 ,silence were better than such4#bd ,sidenote3 ,the betrothed boy in ,korea4 ,strange customs prevail in different lands regarding betrothal and marriage4 ,their effect upon the life and status of the boy seems to be peculiarly marked in ,korea4 ,the matter of becoming a full-fledged man does not depend upon years1 but is a matter to be decided on its merits by the parents or guardians of the subject in hand4 ,the badge of manhood is none other than the topknot1 which is made by combing all the hair to the top of the head and making it into a coil about an inch and a half in diameter and four or five inches high4 ,from the time the boy's hair is long enough1 it is plaited into a straight braid and left hanging down his back4 ,when the time comes for him to be engaged to marry1 his topknot is put up1 and from that time forth he is recognized as a man4 ,this usually takes place between the ages of ten and twenty1 though he is not likely to be so old as twenty4444 ,illustration3 ,,in ,a ,,korean ,,home ,as long as a boy wears his hair plaited and hanging down his back1 he is addressed in low talk4 ,his age has nothing to do with the form of speech1 but the style of his hair settles that4 ,it sometimes happens that a very poor family will not be able to contract a marriage for their son1 and so we occasionally meet a man thirty years old with his hair still hanging down his back4444 ,but the boy who is honored with the precious topknot is addressed in middle or high talk1 though he may be only eight or ten years old4#be ,sidenote3 ,customs preceding marriage4 ,a girl's hair receives special attention among the ,persian ,mohammedans1 and must be banged when she is taken to the public bath on the day preceding her marriage4 ,in one of the islands of the ,new ,hebrides the struggling girl is held down by several old women while her two upper front teeth are knocked out as a necessary preparation for marriage4 ,among the ,lao1 where marriage is much more honored and considered more sacred than in many other countries1 the boys are freer to do their courting in person1 and both boys and girls have far more voice in the selection of a life partner than in countries where women live in seclusion and where polygamy abounds4 ,sidenote3 ,the burden of motherhood4 ,through long years there has run in my ears the brief story of a ,christian servant in one of the missionary homes in ,persia4 8,i was married at twelve years and had a baby when ,i was thirteen1 and1 oh6 how glad ,i was when it died60 ,glad8 ,of course she was glad4 ,what child of thirteen would want the burden of motherhood8 ,who of us who has witnessed the agonies of the little dying child-mother can ever for a moment think with carelessness or indifference of the awful custom of child marriage8 ,sidenote3 ,a dying child-wife4 8,a girl of fifteen was dying10 writes a friend from ,india4 8,her husband1 a man of fifty or more1 is a man of good position and considerable means4 ,the girl lay in a bare room with nothing but an unbaked earthenware vessel near her4 ,her second baby had been born a few days or weeks before and something was wrong4444 ,but she was a purdah woman and could not see the doctor4 ,he had asked a few questions from outside and had diagnosed the illness as tuberculosis1 was treating it as such1--and had given it as his opinion that she would die4 ,our pastor's wife1 dear ,mrs4 ,roy1 had somehow gone to see her4 ,even her non-professional eye saw that a mistake had been made1 and she tried to persuade the mother to send for a woman doctor4 #8,what was the use8 ,she was doing to die4' 8,mrs4 ,roy expostulated indignantly with the mother for having married this child of twelve to a grown-up man1 just for money4 ,the poor child seemed so sad4 ,mrs4 ,roy told her of the ,christian's hope and a ,saviour's love4 ,the child listened with the tears running down her face4 ,then she asked1 #8,may ,i touch you8' 7,being a mother of a few days she was still unclean and no one would touch her74 ,so ,mrs4 ,roy went to her and held her hands and stroked her face and hair and tried to give her comfort for the journey for which she was so little prepared4 ,thus is the #8hope of ,india' ,,murdered by custom and carelessness and greed4 ,oh1 ,india is horrible60 ,sidenote3 ,statistics from ,india4 ,child-marriage2 ,child-widowhood4 ,from the ,missionary ,review of the ,world 7,august1 #aiaa7 we quote the following statistics1 each word and figure of which cries out to us ,christian women1 8,how long1 oh1 how long1 shall these things be80 ,the figures are appalling in respect of child-marriages4 ,the census of #aija showed #aba1ejj married boys and #bdc1ejj married girls1 whose age was under five3 #gfj1jjj boys and #b1jcj1jjj girls between the ages of five and ten2 #b1edj1jjj and #f1ehf1jjj between ten and fifteen4 ,of these1 all except a certain number of girls under the last class were married before they were able to realize what marriage is4 ,the most deplorable result of such marriages is seen in the number of widowed children2 #f1jjj widowers and #if1jjj widows were between five and ten2 #aac1jjj widowers and #bgf1jjj widows between ten and fifteen4 ,sidenote3 ,the homes of the world need ,christ4 ,sidenote3 ,three methods of bringing ,christ to needy homes4 ,the homes of the world need nothing so much as the presence and blessing of the ,christ who brought cheer to the home in ,cana1 comfort to the widow's home at ,nain1 resurrection and life to the home at ,bethany1 vision to the home in ,emmaus4 ,how are we to help to make it possible that fathers1 mothers1 and children in homes where ,he is not known should hear ,him as ,he stands at the door and knocks1 and shall open to ,him that ,he may sup with them and they with ,him8 ,there are at least three practical methods by which ,christian women may help to bring about this result4 ,first3 ,through ,christian schools which take children and youth in their impressionable years and train them to be the ,christian fathers and mothers of the future4 ,we have briefly alluded to this method and shall speak of it more at length in a later chapter4 ,second3 ,in ,zenana work and other forms of visiting in the homes1 in crowded cities1 and isolated villages1 taking to each individual home the story of the ,christ who gathered the little ones in ,his arms1 and the practical1 homely lessons of efforts that ,christian civilization is making in behalf of home life4 ,third3 ,through the great object lesson1 the missionary home4 ,never again let it be asked in church or missionary society of a young woman starting for the foreign field1 8,are you going out as a missionary1 or only as a missionary's wife80 ,at a conference for outgoing missionaries1 a beautiful1 talented college graduate1 leader in many activities and full of capacity and consecration1 said to a returned missionary1--8,i am to be married1 and have listened and listened at this conference to know what particular work is waiting for me1 but there has been nothing for me as yet40 ,when it was pointed out to her that by means of her paramount duties and obligations as wife and mother in a missionary home she would have an opportunity of living the missionary message such as few of her fellow missionaries might have1 her beautiful face lighted up with a look that illumined it4 ,the making of a missionary home was a vocation indeed to call forth all the highest powers of her consecrated womanhood4 ,sidenote3 ,e4 ,a4 ,lawrence on missionary homes4 ,mr4 ,e4 ,a4 ,lawrence has stated so clearly the possibilities and opportunities of the missionary home that he is worth quoting at length4 ,there is an element of missionary life which is seldom presented1 yet most important4 ,it is the mission home4444 ,it underlies the whole of the work1 and discloses the ideal of ,protestant missions more clearly than any other point4444 ,the first thing the ,protestant missionary does among the heathen is to establish a home4 ,he approaches them not as a priest1 not simply as a man1 but as the head of a family1 presenting ,christianity quite as much in its social as in its individual characteristics4 ,this ,christian home is to be the transforming centre of a new community4 ,into the midst of pagan masses1 where society is coagulated rather than organized1 where homes are degraded by parental tyranny1 marital multiplicity1 and female bondage1 he brings the leaven of a redeemed family1 which is to be the nucleus of a redeemed society4444 ,it is on this mission home that everything else is founded--the school1 the college1 the kingdom itself4444 ,when they are at their homes1 this new institution1 with its monogamy1 its equality of man and woman1 its sympathy between child and parent1 its co-operative spirit of industry1 its intelligence1 its recreation1 its worship1 is at once a new revelation and a striking object-lesson of the meaning and possibility of family life4 ,whether they come to his church and school or not1 the natives seem always ready to visit the missionary's home1 and to remain there so long1 and to conduct themselves so familiarly1 that it sometimes becomes necessary to teach them by object-lesson another feature of the ,christian home--its privacy4444 ,if the family in its very existence is an important missionary agent1 having a distinct work to do1 not only for its own members1 but for the natives1 444 then there must be a distinct acceptance of this office by its members1 and it must play its part in the outreaching work of the missionary4 ,the natives must be brought in contact with this domestic sphere4 ,the walls of the home should be at least translucent1 that its light may continually shine through to them2 its doors should be often open1 its table often spread for them2 a distinct social as well as ,christian fellowship should be cultivated4#bf ,sidenote3 ,at the missionary's table4 8,given to ,hospitality0 might be the true epitaph on the headstone of most missionary wives1 and untold lessons in love and deference between husband and wife1 obedience of children1 interesting and profitable table conversation1 self-control1 and courtesy1 are taught in the missionary dining room as they could never be taught in church or school room4 ,sidenote3 ,planning the day's work4 8,won't you write an article on the orderly management of a home for the paper published by the mission80 begged a young ,christian teacher who was spending her vacation week as a guest in the missionary home4 8,the work of each servant and person in this house is arranged for every day1 and everything goes on quietly and regularly4 ,our women have no plan for their day's work1 and ,i wish they might know how you do it40 8,i was taking dinner at the home of ,mr4 ,c410 said a native pastor1 8and his little boy cried for some more of the food he liked4 ,instead of giving it to him1 his mother actually sent him away from the table to stay until he could be pleasant6 ,i never heard of such a thing1 but ,i went home and told my family about it40 ,sidenote3 ,learning to cook4 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,c4 ,worley of ,matsuyama1 ,japan1 writes3 8,one woman whom ,mr4 ,worley baptized a year ago walked thirty-five miles over the mountains and carried a baby on her back to get to us so she could learn foreign cooking in a week4 ,i could not do too much after she had made such an effort4 ,she came over every morning into our kitchen1 and we proceeded to cook2 she with paper and pencil in hand and watching with both eyes4 ,i am wondering what ,i shall be expected to eat next time we go there4 ,i taught her some new songs for the ,sunday ,school she and her husband hold in their little mountain village4 ,i just wanted to fill her up with good thoughts and helps to take home1 as she had made such an effort to get here40#bg ,sidenote3 ,the baby who made her smile4 ,even the little missionary children may have their unconscious share in kindling a new light that shall shine in palace and hovel1 and be reflected in the faces of parents and children who have long since lost the radiant look they were meant to wear4 ,a woman of high position was making a very formal call in the missionary home1 accompanied by many retainers4 ,every effort was made by the ladies of the station to entertain her fittingly and to bring some gleam of interest to the weary1 hopeless face4 ,the piano1 beautiful pictures1 the wonderful writing machine 7typewriter71 dainty refreshments1--all were acknowledged courteously1 but1 neither interest nor heart was touched4 ,at last in desperation the tiny baby in her dainty1 long dress was brought out from the bedroom1 and1 as the visitor's arms were stretched out eagerly for the cunning form1 so different from any baby she had ever seen1 the little face looked up into the sad1 wondering eyes1 and a beautiful smile crept into the baby eyes and hovered about the rosebud mouth4 8,oh1 see10 whispered the servants in eager watchfulness1 8our lady is smiling1--smiling for the first time since her brother died4 ,god bless the little baby who made her smile60 ,ah yes6 ,god bless the missionary babies1 and the missionary fathers and mothers1 and every one of the men and women whose hearts glow with the love of the great ,father whose supreme will it is that 8not one of these little ones should perish60 ,,quotations--,,chapter ,,ii4 ,,christianity ,,and ,,the ,,home ,christianity will call into existence a sympathy between parents and children hitherto unknown1 and one of the greatest needs of the ,chinese home4 ,it will teach parents to govern their children1 an accomplishment which in four millenniums they have never made an approach to acquiring4 ,this it will do1 not as at present by the mere iterative insistence upon the duty of subjection to parents1 but by showing parents how first to govern themselves1 teaching them the completion of the first relations by the addition of that chiefest one hitherto unknown1 expressed in the words ,our ,father4 ,it will redeem many years during the first decade of childhood1 of what is now a mere animal existence1 filling it with fruitfulness for a future intellectual and spiritual harvest4 ,it will show ,chinese parents how to train as well as how to govern their children--a divine art of which they have at present no more conception than of the chemistry of soils4 7,dr4 ,arthur ,h4 ,smith1 8,village ,life in ,china40 ,revell47 ,,mothers' ,,meetings ,i have been much interested in our ,mothers' ,meetings this winter4 ,they meet at our house twice a month1 and we have been trying to have some very practical talks which shall help them to be better mothers and women4 ,the need for such talks is very great1 and ,i wonder more and more that so many children escape physical and moral wreck4 ,our more intelligent women realize their need for instruction and help1 and are very grateful for the opportunities given them by these meetings1 but a large number come only out of curiosity4 ,some of the young women say1 8,you ought to have these meetings for our mothers-in-law instead of for us4 ,they govern the house and our children4 ,we would like to try these methods4 ,we know they are right1 but we are not allowed our way40 ,but ,i know it is hopeless to do anything with the grandmothers1 and ,i believe that at least these young women will learn enough to keep their hands off when their turn comes to be mothers-in-law6 ,it's a long look ahead1 but well worth while to plan for the future generation1 even though we cannot do all we long to for the present one4 7,mrs4 ,henry ,riggs1 ,harpoot1 ,turkey47 ,a ,,transformed ,,home ,in a small village near ,hoi-,how lived ,sitli ,nin1 a poor woman1 worn out by a life of hard work1 bitter poverty1 and sorrow4 ,her husband had become a victim of the opium habit1 and squandered what little property she had4 ,when her eldest boy was eight years old1 the inhuman father1 in order to gratify his cravings1 sold him to a ,hong ,kong boatman1 and the mother never heard from him since4 ,eight times she had attempted suicide1 three times by drowning1 three times by hanging1 and twice by taking opium2 but in the latter case she had failed to take enough1 and the other times love for her children restrained her at the last moment4 ,by some chance the ladies of our mission found her4 ,her husband was persuaded to take the opium cure at the hospital4444 ,while he was in the hospital1 she attended the services at the mission1 and was genuinely converted4 ,her husband was cured1 and they went home rejoicing in their new-found happiness4 7,josephine ,p4 ,osmond1 8,home ,life in ,hainan10 leaflet of ,women's ,foreign ,missionary ,society of the ,presbyterian ,church7 ,,child ,,marriage1 ,,india ,sir ,w4 ,w4 ,hunter says1 8,in ,bengal1 out of every thousand girls between five and nine years of age1 two hundred and seventy-one are married4 ,more than ten boys in every thousand between five and ten years old are bridegrooms2 while of girls1 twenty-eight in one hundred are wives or widows at an age when1 if they were in ,europe1 they would be in the nursery or infant school40 ,in ,england1 out of every hundred females of twenty years of age and upwards1 #be4hj are single1 #fj4fj are married and #ac4fj widows4 8,a ,brahmin of ,bengal gave away his six aunts1 eight sisters1 and four daughters in a batch of altogether eighteen1 in marriage to one person--a boy less than ten years old4 ,the brides of three generations were in age from about fifty years to three months at the lowest4 ,the baby bride was brought to the ceremony on a brass plate40 7,quoted from ,times of ,india47 ,the origin and authority for early marriage are worthy of inquiry4 ,like so many ,hindu customs1 it claims a quasi-divine authority1 and is based on certain reasons which1 from the ,hindu point of view1 are of great weight4 8,reprehensible10 says ,manu1 8is the father who gives not his daughter in marriage at the proper time40 ,and all commentators say the proper time is before the age of puberty4444 ,a high legal authority1 ,mr4 ,justice ,moothoswami ,iyer1 recently said1 8,according to custom now obtaining1 a ,brahmin girl is bound to marry1 for fear of social degradation1 before she attains maturity4 ,marriage is of the nature of a sacrament which no ,brahmin is at liberty to neglect without forfeiting his caste40444 ,thus a religious or sacramental purpose has been operative here1 as in most other departments of ,hindu life and thought4444 ,there has been one strong incentive to early marriage1 which in the past might be urged in its justification4 ,the unsettled1 precarious conditions of life1 from the remotest times until the establishment of ,british power1 encouraged parents to have their children married as soon as possible4 7,rev4 ,e4 ,storrow1 8,our ,sisters in ,india40 ,revell47 ,,child-,,wives1 ,,persia ,the usual age for a ,mohammedan girl to marry is thirteen or fourteen1 but in many places they marry as early as eight4444 ,poor little girl wives6 ,they are taken away from home before they are grown up1 and although they are now married women they cannot help behaving as children4 ,there was one young wife of a ,government official who received her visitors with the utmost dignity and propriety1 and then could not resist the temptation to pinch the old black woman who was handing the tea and make her jump4444 ,illustration3 ,a ,,little ,,goanese ,,bride ,,in ,,india ,even when the children grow older their mothers1 grown-up children themselves1 do not know how to manage them4444 ,one woman bit her little boy's hand till it bled badly4 ,he was about seven1 and had cried to have his best coat on when he went to see the missionary4 ,another woman bit the cheek of a poor little consumptive girl of eight or nine so that there was a great bruise and the skin was broken4 ,she told a neighbor1 with a laugh1 that she had got angry with the child because she was tiresome about taking her medicine1 which was very nasty4 ,there is no command in the ,koran that girls should be married so young1 but the mothers declare that it was the command of ,mohammed1 and certainly he himself set the example by marrying a girl of nine4444 ,the man is absolute master in his own house1 and unless his wife has powerful relations he may do what he likes to her and her children1 and no one will take any notice4 ,i knew one woman whose husband treated her like a slave4 ,he forced her not only to do all the work of the house1 but the work of the stable too1 for he was well enough off to keep a horse4 ,he killed one child in her arms1 and twice stole another away from her1 sending it once to a town a week's journey off1 and once to another part of the town4 ,finally he divorced her1 without giving any reason1 and left her ill and destitute4 ,and she had at no time any redress4444 ,little ,bagum1 the child-wife1 was deliberately and cruelly burnt by her husband1 and was brought to the mission hospital4 ,there was no hope of recovery1 but all was done that was possible to relieve her pain and brighten her last days4 ,she had heard something of the ,gospel story from a missionary who had paid a visit to her native village1 and she had been so interested that she asked two ,persian children to teach her more4 ,when she was brought to the hospital even the terrible pain she was suffering did not make her forget the wonderful story1 and she begged to be told more and more4 ,and1 resting in the love of ,christ and trusting wholly in ,him and ,his salvation1 she loved to sing of the joy to which ,he was going to take her1 and kept begging for 8,here we suffer grief and pain10 until even the ,mohammedan women would sit beside her and sing the hymn that comforted her so much4444 8,i have a foolish husband10 said one little girl1 8,he says he will beat ,jesus ,christ out of me1 but he can only beat my body1 and ,jesus ,christ is in my heart1 so he cannot beat ,him out40 7,mrs4 ,malcolm1 8,children of ,persia10 ,oliphant1 ,anderson ,ferrier47 ,,bible ,,reading ,,the ,,ideal ,,home ,psalm #abh v4 #b4 ,the busy father working with joy for the maintenance of the home4 v4 #c4 ,the happy1 willing1 successful mother1 striking the keynote of the home4 v4 #c4 ,the vigorous young children growing up in the home4 v4 #d1 #e4 ,all this is the token of ,god's rich blessing to him who puts ,god first1 and who is interested in the growth of ,god's kingdom as well as in his own home4 v4 #f4 ,not only as parents but as grandparents ,god's blessing will be enjoyed4 ,,prayer ,we thank ,thee1 ,o ,lord1 ,for the sweet and silent years of the ,holy ,childhood4 ,for the light and gladness brought into the world by little children4 ,for ,thy servants who1 by word and good example1 are protecting and guiding ,thy lambs in the dark and waste places4 ,for the ,christian nurture1 ,christian homes1 and ,christian parents1 which are the gifts of the ,christ-,child to our nation2 the strength of its life and the hope of its future4 ,for ,thine assurance that inasmuch as we have done it unto the least of ,thy little ones1 we have done it unto ,thee4 ,for the growing interest and co-operation of the children of the ,church in the up-building of the world-wide ,kingdom4 ,may it please ,thee-- ,to guard and protect the innocence of children1 and by their example to win men and women to a worthier life4 ,to bless family life1 and direct parents in their sacred task1 that ,thy children may have a fear and love of ,thy ,holy ,name4 ,to bring to the mothers of the world the knowledge which alone can sanctify their joy and soothe their sorrow4 7,spirit of ,missions1 ,february1 #aiaj47 ,,questions #a4 ,what is the saddest part of the life of a girl in ,india8 #b4 ,what do you consider the greatest sorrow of ,mohammedan motherhood8 ,of heathen motherhood8 #c4 ,what methods can you suggest for effecting a beneficial change in the home life of the ,chinese8 #d4 ,what feature of home life in ,mohammedan lands most needs to be improved8 #e4 ,what effect would it have on your boy to be married at the age of fourteen8 #f4 ,if you could make marriage laws1 what would you set as the lowest marriage age for boys8 ,for girls8 #g4 ,name the missionary wives and mothers of your acquaintance4 ,in what ways do they serve and help the communities in which they live8 ,,bibliography4 ,,chapters ,i ,,ii4 ,,leaflets ,home ,life in ,china ,women's ,foreign ,missionary ,home ,life in ,syria ,society of the ,home ,life in ,siam ,presbyterian ,church4 ,home ,life in ,persia ,home ,life in ,hainan ,home ,life in ,korea ,home ,life in ,africa ,home ,life in ,india ,home ,life in ,japan ,child ,life among the ,lao ,other ,children ,being a ,boy in ,korea ,woman's ,board of ,foreign ,selma 7,beirut7 ,missions of the ,a ,faithful ,follower ,presbyterian ,church4 ,auntie's ,explanation ,child ,life in ,china ,woman's ,presbyterian ,story of ,satabia ,board of ,missions of the ,northwest4 ,child ,life in ,burma ,woman's ,foreign ,missionary ,foot ,binding in ,china ,society of the ,little ,daughters of ,islam ,methodist ,episcopal ,church4 ,motherhood in ,heathen ,lands ,young ,ladies here1 ,young ,ladies there ,childhood in ,heathen ,lands ,child ,life in ,turkey ,woman's ,board of ,missions ,chih1 the little ,chinese ,girl of the ,congregational ,church4 ,sister ,may's ,impressions ,woman's ,board of ,foreign ,village of the ,milky ,river ,missions of the ,reformed ,church in ,america4 ,sorrows of ,heathen ,motherhood ,woman's ,baptist ,foreign ,missionary ,society4 ,,children',s ,,missionary ,,magazines ,world ,wide ,american ,baptist ,publication ,society1 ,ford ,bldg41 ,boston1 ,mass4 ,over ,sea and ,land ,pres4 ,bd4 ,for4 ,miss41 #aef ,fifth ,ave41 ,new ,york ,city4 ,day ,star ,woman's ,bd4 of ,for4 ,miss4 ,ref4 ,ch4 in ,am41 #be ,e4 #bb;d ,st41 ,n4 ,y4 ,lutheran ,boys and ,girls ,lutheran ,board1 #adbd ,arch ,st41 ,phila4 ,children's ,missionary ,friend ,woman's ,for4 ,miss4 ,soc4 of the ,m4 ,e4 ,church1 #eha ,boylston ,st41 ,boston1 ,mass4 ,everyland ,everyland ,publishing ,co41 #aef ,fifth ,ave41 ,new ,york1 ,n4 ,y4 ,see magazines of the ,women's ,foreign ,missionary ,boards4 ,see also ,bibliography for ,chapter ,i4 ,,footnotes3 #ae ,john ,l4 ,dube1 ,orange1 ,natal1 ,missionary ,review1 ,june1 #aiab1 p4 #daj4 #af ,j4 ,s4 ,dennis1 8,chr4 ,miss4 ,soc4 ,prog410 vol4 ii1 p4 #agf4 ,revell4 #ag ,mrs4 ,s4 ,c4 ,perkins1 8,home ,life in ,china40 ,pres4 ,wom4 ,bd4 of ,miss4 #ah ,mrs4 ,o4 ,w4 ,scott1 8,child ,life in ,burma40 ,wom4 ,for4 ,miss4 ,soc4 ,m4 ,e4 ,ch4 #ai ,life and ,light1 ,aug41 #aiab4 #bj ,missionary ,review1 ,june1 #aiab1 ,karl ,kumm1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 #ba ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,oct41 #aiaa4 #bb ,daniel ,mc,gilvary1 8,a ,half ,century among the ,siamese and ,lao40 ,revell4 #bc ,mrs4 ,c4 ,m4 ,wherry in 8,daylight in the ,harem10 ,revell4 #bd ,m4 ,fadil1 ,atbara1 in ,missionary ,review1 ,feb41 #aiab1 p4 #aca4 #be ,robert ,moose1 8,village ,life in ,korea40 ,pub4 ,house of ,m4 ,e4 ,ch4 ,soc4 #bf ,e4 ,a4 ,lawrence1 8,modern ,missions in the ,east10 ,chap4 viii4 ,harper's4 #bg ,the ,continent1 ,april #ag1 #aiac4 ,,chapter ,,iii4 ,,the ,,child ,,at ,,play ,,and ,,at ,,work 8,boys and girls playing in the streets thereof40 ,questions concerning play and work--,two great movements1 ,playground movement and ,child ,labor movement--,the importance of play--,children at play in ,japan--,games known the world over--,children at play in ,africa--,in the desert--,why play stops so early in non-,christian lands--,need of the 8,spirit of ,play0 in children and parents--,the message of a doll--,child labor--,bedouin and ,african girls at work--,children at work in many lands--,child slavery--,rescue homes for slave children--,defective and dependent children--,orphans and orphanages--,famine waifs--,blind1 deaf and dumb children--,homes for untainted children of lepers--,a crime in the name of civilization--,the ,child in the ,midst4 ,what is play8 ,sidenote3 ,how would you answer these questions8 ,what are the advantages and disadvantages of play8 ,at what age would you wish your child to stop playing8 ,what would be the physical and moral consequences to a child who practically stopped playing at or before the age of ten years8 ,at what age would you advise that a child begin to work for commercial profit8 ,if it is good for the children in whom you are interested to have time and opportunity for play1 how far would the same rule hold good for other children in ,america8 ,for children of other countries8 ,name the countries in which defective and dependent children may be neglected or overworked without danger to world-welfare4 ,reversing the stereotyped text-book arrangement1 we place our questions at the beginning rather than at the end of this chapter4 ,every thoughtful woman is begged to stop and answer these questions1--in writing1 if feasible1--as fully and as honestly as possible1 and then1 after carefully studying the subject1 to see if her opinions have altered in any particulars4 ,sidenote3 ,two great movements4 ,two of the great movements that are sweeping over our land1--the ,playground movement and the movement to create and enforce proper laws concerning ,child ,labor1--are engrossing the attention of some of our greatest and wisest men and women4 ,the abundance of literature on these subjects1 the time devoted to them in great conventions and in lesser gatherings1 the very opposition encountered in the ranks of those who profit by the exploitation of ,america's growing children1--all go to prove that they belong to the living issues of the day4 ,our grandmothers would doubtless have been shocked beyond words to be told that the subject of their children's play belonged to the 8,child ,problems0 studied by the country at large through its ,juvenile ,commission1 and had become a matter for legislation and financial appropriation by state and municipality6 ,but so it is1 and ,hygiene and ,psychology and various other learned sciences each claim a voice in the subject of the play and the work of the nation's children4 ,sidenote3 ,the importance of play4 ,a few extracts from earnest writers and thinkers on this subject will illustrate their view point4 ,all animals play4 ,play is likewise one of the fundamental instincts of the child4 ,if there are any inherent rights of childhood1 the right to play must be considered one of them4 ,it carries with it immeasurable benefits1 but the exact results still remain comparatively uncertain4 ,it is unquestionable1 however1 that play promotes the physical and mental development of the child1 and that it is no mean factor in his social and moral elevation4444 ,the ancient attitude toward play was that of toleration of the ebullient spirits of the growing boy4444 ,the utilitarian function of play was undreamed of4 ,the physical weakness of the child and his incapacity for concentrated thought and endeavor saved to him the enjoyment of play until his parents could use his services in some gainful occupation4444 ,play--the most enjoyable right of childhood--was unduly curtailed1 and even at the present day its value is minimized by many who do not recognize its varied functions4444 ,whatever be the correct theory of play--that it is practice in the line of future methods of conduct1 that it is simply the discharge of the surplus energy of the young1 or that it is for the purpose of relaxation and recreation only--whatever theory be adopted1 the inestimable value of play to the child and to the nation cannot be gainsaid4 ,play is an irrepressible method of self-expression4444 ,the social and moral influences of play produce indelible effects upon the child mind4444 ,the recognition of mutual rights is one of its initial values4 ,these rights are but little understood by the unthinking child1 and when brute force permits1 are often entirely overthrown or perverted into a mere toleration of privileges4444 ,on the supervised playground a new regime is put into operation4444 ,the growth of the instinct of co-operation is perhaps the most valuable result of play4444 ,ability to co-operate spells ability to excel4#bh ,sidenote3 ,jane ,addams on ,play4 ,miss ,jane ,addams of ,hull ,house1 ,chicago1 speaks with no uncertain sound and with undisputed authority on this subject4 ,this stupid experiment of organizing work and failing to organize play has1 of course1 brought about a fine revenge4 ,the love of pleasure will not be denied1 and1 when it has turned into all sorts of malignant and vicious appetites1 then we1 the middle aged1 grow quite distracted1 and resort to all sorts of restrictive measures4 ,we even try to dam up the sweet fountain itself because we are affrighted by these neglected streams2 but almost worse than the restrictive measures is our apparent belief that the city itself has no obligation in the matter1 an assumption upon which the modern city turns over to commercialism practically all the provisions for public recreation4#bi ,sidenote3 ,professor ,st4 ,john on the little girl and her doll4 ,singling out one type of the play instinct1 the little girl and her doll1 ,professor ,st4 ,john of the ,hartford ,school of ,religious ,pedagogy says3-- ,altruistic feeling had its origin in motherhood1 and it has reached no greater heights of self-denial and service than in that same relationship4 ,in playing with her doll the child is in thought and feeling making that experience her own4 ,at a very formative period of her life it gives her much the same training that the race has received through the actual experience4444 ,every impulse toward loving care of the doll should be encouraged4 ,to the child in her play it is a living child1 and hence the experience provides the same kind of emotional training that would come from the care of a baby1 without the obvious disadvantages to the infant4 ,kate ,douglas ,wiggin says1 8,every mother knows the development of tenderness and motherliness that goes on in her little girl through the nursing and petting and teaching and caring for her doll40#cj ,if we agree with an axiom laid down in the first chapter 7p4 #g7 of this book1 that one of the inalienable rights of every child is to follow his instinct for healthful play1 it is now our privilege and pleasure to watch the little ones of many lands with their tripping feet and merry voices and lithe little bodies4 ,we instinctively turn to ,japan1 8the paradise of children10 where annually at the 8,feast of ,dolls0 the whole home becomes a big playhouse for the girls of the family1 and where the 8,feast of ,flags0 is the day dedicated to the boys of the nation4 ,we certainly must stop long enough to see what is done at these feasts4 ,sidenote3 ,feast of ,dolls4 ,and then there is the feast most loved in the whole year1 the ,feast of ,dolls1 when on the third day of the third month the great fire-proof store-house gives forth its treasures of dolls1--in an old family1 many of them hundreds of years old1--and for three days1 with all their belongings of tiny furnishings1 in silver1 lacquer1 and porcelain1 they reign supreme1 arranged on red-covered shelves in the finest room of the house4 ,most prominent among the dolls are the effigies of the ,emperor and ,empress in antique court costume1 seated in dignified calm1 each on a lacquered dais4 ,near them are the figures of the five court musicians in their robes of office1 each with his instrument4 ,beside these dolls1 which are always present and form the central figures at the feast1 numerous others1 more plebeian1 but more lovable1 find places on the lower shelves1 and the array of dolls' furnishings which is brought out on these occasions is something marvelous4444 ,sidenote3 ,feast of ,flags4 ,as the ,feast of ,dolls is to the girls1 so is the ,feast of ,flags to the boys1--their own special day1 set apart for them out of the whole year4 ,it comes on the fifth day of the fifth month4444 ,when the great day at last arrives1 the feast within the home is conducted in much the same way as the ,feast of ,dolls4 ,there are the same red-covered shelves1 the same offerings of food and drink2 but instead of the placid images of the ,emperor and ,empress and the five court musicians1 the household furnishings1 and toilet articles1 there are effigies of the heroes of history and folk-lore4444 ,behind each figure stands a flag with the crest of the hero in miniature4 ,the food offered is mochi wrapped in oak leaves1 because the oak is among trees what the carp is among fishes1 the emblem of strength and endurance4 ,the flower of the day is the iris or flag1 because of its sword-shaped leaves1--hence the name1 ,shobu ,matsuri1 feast of iris or flag4#ca ,sidenote3 ,playground movement in ,japan4 ,it is a matter for heartfelt rejoicing that the ,japanese ,government has seized upon the idea of the ,playground ,movement as one of the really essential activities of some of the great ,christian nations1 and is introducing playgrounds for the benefit of ,japanese children1 who certainly deserve a suitable place and opportunity to follow their instinct for play4 ,we hope that hammocks and sandpiles for babies will soon eliminate one feature of the play hour which is described by many missionaries and tourists4 8,we have such hosts of children here in ,tokyo10 writes ,mrs4 ,j4 ,k4 ,mc,cauley4 8,we go out and see boys on high stilts1 with babies on their backs1 and we tremble lest they fall and drop the baby2 but ,i have never heard of one who did2 and we see girls1 jumping the rope with babies on their backs1 and playing battledore and shuttlecock1 dodging1 hopping1 stooping1 and the wee baby's head bobbing up and down1 laughing1 and sometimes crying2 but the playing goes on1 winter1 summer1 no matter how cold1 unless raining or snowing4 ,the streets swarm with children1 with bright colored kimonos1 bright eyes1 rosy cheeks1 and on wooden shoes1 making such a clatter2 but seldom are they noisy in their play1 but fun-loving as any children in the world60#cb ,sidenote3 ,other lands feel the need of play4 ,that other lands than ,japan are beginning to be aroused on the subject of ,child ,play by ,america's example is proved by the fact that in ,april1 #aiac1 letters were received by the ,playground and ,recreation ,association of ,america from ,persia1 ,russia1 ,china1 and ,uruguay regarding recreation in those countries4 ,the suggestion is made that perhaps as ,rome gave to the world law1 and ,greece gave art1 so ,america may contribute play as her share towards the world's progress4 ,sidenote3 ,games that are known the world over4 ,there are some games that seem to be as instinctive to mankind as are the processes of eating and sleeping4 ,kites1 tops1 and marbles appear at their proper seasons in ,korea1 ,india1 and ,persia1 the rules of 8,hop-,scotch10 8tag10 8hide and seek10 8crack the whip0 seem to be very similar whether played by the ,lao children or ,european immigrant children on an ,american pavement4 ,jack-stones and 8,fox and ,geese0 are popular among the small1 bound-footed girls in ,china4 ,the rhythmic movement and exciting choices of 8,london ,bridge0 are recognized in the very heart of ,africa in a game so prettily described by ,miss ,jean ,mc,kenzie that we long to join in the fun4 ,sidenote3 ,african 8,london ,bridge40 ,a mother and her children file under the arms of two players4 ,the child caught is drawn aside for the choice between a cake of gourd seed or a peanut porridge1 a necklace of beads or a bow and arrow--we all know the phantom bliss of such choices4 ,the children are caught and ranged until there remains none but the mother and one who is now called 8the only child40 ,this remnant of a once numerous family takes to the bush1 but the mother sallies forth from time to time and tosses a handful of grass toward the company1 who ask her in chorus3 8,how big is the only child now80 8,the only child creeps10 says the mother4 8,hay-a-a60 exclaims the astonished chorus after this and all other complacent maternal announcements4 8,how old is the only child now80 8,the only child walks40 8,hay-a-a60 ,to this chorus of astonished approval1 the only child comes to be a young girl1 has a sweetheart1 is married1 and has a baby6 ,having achieved so much success1 the only child ceases to figure in this drama1 and the grandmother is plied with questions about the child of the only child4 8,how old is the child of the only child now80 8,the child of the only child creeps40 8,hay-a-a60 ,he walks1 he sets traps1 one day he has killed a little antelope1 another day he has killed a big antelope1 and now he has killed an elephant6 ,here surely is a climax4 8,hay-a-a60 ,the chorus disintegrates2 one after another comes to beg a piece of elephant meat from the child of the only child1 who emerges from hiding4 ,one after another is refused1 until that one comes who pleases the child of the only child4 ,he gives her a piece of elephant meat for a sign that she is his sweetheart--and they are obliged1 of course1 to run away4 ,after them the entire company is1 of course1 obliged to follow4 ,here1 you see1 is a rehearsal of life as it is to be4 ,here is the dissension1 the gossip1 the greed1 the romance1 and the adventure of life4#cc ,illustration3 8,,london ,,bridge0 ,,at ,,the ,,midori ,,kindergarten1 ,,japan ,sidenote3 ,african children's play4 8,kidd in his book on #8,savage ,childhood' describes the ,bantu children of ,africa as showing great power of imagination in their games4 ,before the missionary they appear dull and unresponsive1 but when no stranger is about they delight in playing missionary1 holding a play service1 singing hymns1 and mimicking the padre's bad dialect4 ,the insistence of the motor idea is strong in the native2 he likes to play games involving motor skill1 is fond of acrobatic tricks1 of mimicking animals1 and delights in dolls and play animals4 ,in fact1 the whole picture is that of an intensely human little animal1 decidedly attractive1 and one feels pity that it should grow up into an unattractive and troublesome ,kaffir problem40#cd ,sidenote3 ,children of the desert at play4 ,how invariably true is the child's instinct for imitation1 for making his play largely a 8rehearsal of life as it is to be40 ,the little ,bedouin boys1 each with a pet locust harnessed to a bit of string1 enjoy the exciting races of their 8fiery steeds10 and prepare eagerly for the great game in which the bigger boys show their budding manhood4 ,a dweller in the region of the ,dead ,sea thus describes some of the games of the desert3 8,the boys of the desert are glad when the first of the month comes4 ,for that day their fathers allow them to have a horse each and ride away from their black tent homes into the open desert1 their athletic field4 ,a few of the men1 heroes of the tribe1 meet there with the boys and act as judges in the horse-racing4 ,they divide the boys in two rows1 and then select a boy from each side1 and start off this first pair in their race 7on horseback7 to the distant goal1 a pole with a prize on it such as eggs1 money1 or clothes4 ,the one who arrives first takes the prize off the pole or knocks it down with his staff4 ,the judge keeps the conqueror on one side1 the conquered on the other4 ,a new prize is put up1 another pair races1 and so on till all the victors are on one side1 and the poor defeated ones on the other4 8,a sham battle takes place1 the conquerors shooting the conquered with paper or some harmless shot4 ,then the beaten soldiers are taken captive and led to their homes1 while the proud victors are allowed to go to the meeting place of the men and drink coffee with the heroes of their tribe40 ,sidenote3 ,why play stops so early in non-,christian lands4 ,all too soon the games of childhood merge into the stern realities of life1 and1 as we watch and listen and smile1 we suddenly wonder why the laughter is hushed1 why the smiling1 girlish lips are covered by a woman's thick veil1 why the little backs stoop beneath loads far too heavy for them4 ,then from far and near comes the testimony of those who have lived and worked among the children in non-,christian lands4 ,the physical director of a ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 says3--8,one of the strongest impressions made on me in ,china was by the lack of opportunity which the average child has for normal physical development and for the adequate expression of its play instinct40 ,deaconess ,phelps of ,st4 ,hilda's ,school for girls in ,hankow says3 8,when ,chinese girls come to our mission schools we find it difficult to teach them how to play1 and in the case of elder children we often fail completely1 because from time immemorial the idea of learning and scholarship has been entirely inconsistent with fun and good times40#ce ,so great an authority as ,dr4 ,arthur ,h4 ,smith says3 8,the outdoor games of ,chinese children are mostly of a tame and uninteresting type4 ,even in the country ,chinese lads do not appear to take kindly to anything which involves much exercise4 ,their jumping and climbing are of the most elementary sort40#cf ,mrs4 ,napier ,malcolm after discussing the play life of ,persian children adds3 8,but when all is said1 the games and toys are very few in ,persia as compared to those you are accustomed to4 ,no great distinction is made between children and grown-ups1 and really there is not so much difference as we find at home4 ,the children are taught to take life very seriously 444 and they have no time to grow up into proper men and women4 ,the result is that we find the children too grown-up and the grown-ups too childish40#cg ,sidenote3 ,need of the 8,spirit of ,play40 8,little old men and women0 the missionary called them in her plea that to the children of ,india might be brought the gift of ,,childhood1 and so we must not be surprised that our missionaries find the lesson of 8,,how ,,to ,,play0 one of the most essential and one of the most difficult to teach in many lands4 ,they have been at it for many years in a quiet1 unpretentious way1 these pioneers of thought and action4 ,now that the whole ,american public is being aroused as never before to the value and need of play for all children1 let us see to it that all necessary facilities are in the hands of our missionaries1 and that their numbers are sufficiently reinforced so that the 8,spirit of ,play0 may flit from land to land and bring smiles and joy and health and lessons of unselfishness and co-operation to little children who have long since forgotten how to play4 ,sidenote3 ,parents ought to know how to play4 ,not only because they are children today1 but because they will in a few short years become parents1 must we give the little ones this opportunity4 ,if the fathers and mothers of the near future know how to value the development of the play instinct at its true worth1 there is great hope for their children4 ,if they can enter into the play spirit with their boys and girls1 there will be a revolution in home ideals and companionships4 ,that the lesson is not an easy one to learn or to teach1 we are assured by ,elizabeth ,harrison1 who says1 8,how many parents and teachers are there who can enter into this world of play and not spoil it8 ,in my classes for mothers ,i have found that one of the most difficult things ,i have had to teach many of them has been how to play simply and genuinely as a child will play40 ,but whether the parents themselves know how to play or not1 the quickest and surest way into their hearts is through sympathy with the play instinct of a little child4 ,the missionary who can enter into even that realm of the life of a child has the wondering appreciation of the parent4 ,a little mountain girl lay dangerously ill at the girls' school in ,urumia1 ,persia4 ,the principal1 who was tenderly caring for her in her own room1 came to ask if by any chance ,i knew how to get hold of a dollie for the little child1 who had seen such a toy in the possession of a missionary's child4 ,yes1 a thoughtful friend had tucked a couple of dolls into one of my boxes for just such an emergency1 and the one whose head had survived the eight thousand mile journey was found and sent to the little girl4 ,such rapturous smiles1 such motherly hugs and caresses1 such appreciation when her schoolmates gave up their recreation hours in order to make proper ,persian clothes to replace the queer ,american garments6 ,and when the little one went to be with ,him who 8gathers the lambs in ,his arms10 her weeping parents selected according to custom her chief treasure to lay into the casket1--in this instance1 the cheap little ,american doll that had travelled so far to bring joy to the heart of a dying child4 ,up into the rugged ,kurdish mountains the crude casket was carried on the back of a sure-footed horse1 and at every village where there were friends of the family the caravan was halted for a last glimpse of the little face and a wondering look at the fascinating toy4 8,how they must have loved her60 was the text from which the doll preached many a sermon that day4 ,sidenote3 ,need of public sentiment concerning child labor4 ,in order that the 8,spirit of ,play0 may have full right of way1 a great1 united1 preliminary effort is needed1 that the little ones of all lands may come into their rightful heritage4 ,what time1 what strength1 what zest is there left for play when the children have to work and contribute toward the family support8 ,with shame we confess that the ,christian nations are far from guiltless in this matter1--the blood of thousands of their children cries to ,god from the ground4 ,but1 thank ,god1 they are aroused1 and changes are taking place with wonderful rapidity1 and nations like ,china and ,japan are looking to us as examples4 ,shall we fail them in their hour of crisis1 or shall we lead and help and encourage them and other lands awaking from age-long sleep in this matter of their duty to the children8 ,prominent among the rights of the child must be the right to abstain from the task of earning money either for his own support or to increase the family income4 ,premature child labor is an absolute evil and is wholly without justification4444 ,the enlightened view of today refuses to regard the child as a mere commercial asset of the parent4 ,on the contrary1 the relation of the two is exactly reversed4 ,until children reach a certain age it is absolutely necessary that they be supported by their parents1 and society must enforce this obligation4#ch ,sidenote3 ,bedouin girls at work4 8,how hard the ,bedouin girls have to work10 we read in 8,topsy-,turvey ,land10#ci 8treated like beasts of burden as if they had no souls6 ,they go barefoot carrying heavy loads of wood or skins of water1 grind the meal and make fresh bread every morning1 or spin the camel's hair or goat's hair into one coarse garment40 ,one little ,bedouin girl said1 8,i tote my two small brothers on my back all day long1 and they kill me a thousand times with their crying40 ,another said1 8,what do ,i do8 ,why1 nothing but work--that's what children are for40#dj ,the familiar ,chinese proverb1--8,a child of six should earn his own salt10 is an indication of public opinion that needs revision4 ,on the ,african girl the burden falls early and heavily1 while her brother1 joining the men in their occupations1 finds life much easier and more enjoyable than she does4 ,sidenote3 ,the burden of the ,african girl4 8,the girl follows her mother to the plantation 7distance one-half to one mile from the village71 imitating her mother in carrying a basket on her back1 its weight supported by a broad strap going around it and over her forehead4 ,some burden is always put into that basket1 often one beyond the child's strength1 as a jug of water4 ,the little one staggers under it1 leaning far forward to lessen the direct traction over her forehead4 ,with that daily bending the child would become deformed1 were it not counteracted by the carrying at other times of a log of firewood or some lighter burden on her head40#da ,sidenote3 ,children at work in many lands4 ,the little coolie children of ,hong ,kong toiling up a steep road under the broiling sun with great loads of bricks slung on either end of a bamboo pole2 the thousands of ,chinese children gathering and carrying home great loads of fuel and manure2 the ,japanese girls sitting closely on their heels and painting cheap crockery for #a4jj a week2 the little children of a ,japanese village helping to support themselves by making match boxes for the sum of eight cents a thousand2 the mere babies picking tea leaves under the hot sun in ,bengal2 the seven year old girls working from five in the morning to six at night in the cotton and silk mills in ,china2--these and countless others seem to be calling to us in the name of the ,child of ,bethlehem to lighten in some way their heavy load4 ,illustration3 ,,little ,,manure ,,gatherers ,,in ,a ,,persian ,,mountain ,,village ,and1 oh1 what heroic efforts your missionaries are making to lessen the great evil1 but how powerless they seem in lands where no law1 no custom1 no religion gives the child any rights4 ,once more we turn to ,mrs4 ,napier ,malcolm for a vivid word picture from ,persia4#db ,sidenote3 ,the little carpet weavers of ,persia4 ,but for the horrors of child labor in the carpet trade we must turn to the factories of ,kirman4 ,these factories are filled with children from four years old upward1 underfed1 overworked1 living a loveless1 joyless1 hopeless life4 ,the factories are built without windows lest the children's attention should be distracted1 and the bad air1 want of food1 and the constantly keeping in one position produce rickets and deformity in nearly all4 ,of thirty-eight children examined in one factory1 thirty-six were deformed4 ,one of the ,governors of ,kirman forbade the employment of children under twelve in the factories1 but the order did not last beyond his governorship4 ,the same ,governor gave the order still in force1 which forbids the employment of children before dawn or after sunset1 thus reducing their working hours to an average of twelve hours a day4 ,a recent ,governor added to this an order limiting the ,friday work to about two and a half hours1 8from sunrise to full sunshine10 so now the children share in part the general ,friday holiday of ,mohammedanism4 ,one of our medical missionaries was called to attend the wife of the owner of one of these factories1 and consented to do so on condition he made windows in his factory to allow the children air and light4 ,he objected at first1 saying that it would prevent their working1 but finally consented1 and admitted afterwards that the children did more work with the windows than they had done without them4 ,the factory owners are glad to get the children1 for they say children work better than grown-up people at carpet-making1 and of course they expect less wages4 ,but how can the parents allow their children to live this cruel life8 ,you will find the answer in the ,persian saying that 8of every three persons in ,kirman1 four smoke opium40444 ,over and over again comes the terrible story1 the father and mother smoke opium2 the little deformed child toils through the long days to earn the money that buys it4 ,is the picture sad enough1 are the colors gloomy enough1 are the weary cries loud enough to reach and touch every womanly heart in a ,christian land1--every mother or sister or teacher who has ever loved or helped or taught a child8 ,ah1 but we must go into darker depths than these if we are to be even ordinarily intelligent concerning child life and its needs4 ,what of the little slave children who are stolen from their homes 8in darkest ,africa10 who are sold by their parents in ,china and ,assam1 who live lives of unspeakable misery in ,korea1 in ,siam1 in ,turkey1 ,morocco1 and ,arabia8 ,paid child labor is terrible enough1 but the countless slave children of the world live under a far more cruel system4 ,in his revelations concerning 8,the ,crime of the ,congo10 ,a4 ,conan ,doyle gives proof of the atrocious crimes perpetrated on little children as well as on men and women by employees of the ,congo government4 ,the selling1 beating1 mutilation1 and murder of children were proved to be common occurrences4 ,it is said to be difficult for even the missionaries to realize the awful extent of the traffic in girls in ,china4 ,in famine times girls may be bought for a mere song1 sometimes being peddled about the streets in a basket and sold like poultry4 ,in ,siam the problem of slavery has assumed such large proportions that the king issued an edict a few years ago that thereafter all children born of slaves should be free4 ,sidenote3 ,rescue ,homes for slave children in ,arabia4 8,to set at liberty them that are bound0 is still the work of ,jehovah's servants1 and here and there throughout mission lands will be found ,rescue ,homes for slave children where new life and hope and opportunity are given to children who have been stolen from their homes or deliberately sold into slavery4 ,the rescued-slave school in ,muscat1 ,arabia1 was started by the ,rev4 ,peter ,zwemer for some ,african slave boys caught by ,arab traders1 who were in turn caught by a ,british consul whose servant saw the slave-dhow and reported it4 ,the rescued children were turned over to ,christian people1 most of them being cared for and trained for useful ,christian manhood at the ,muscat school4 ,sidenote3 ,in ,china4 ,the ,spirit of ,missions for ,june1 #aije1 tells of a woman's conference held at ,shanghai at which one of the subjects chosen for discussion was 8,chinese ,slave ,girls40 ,a successful effort was made to enlist the co-operation of non-missionary ladies1 and the result was the opening of a home for slave children under the direction of a committee on which the missionaries and the foreign residents were represented4 ,after four years they were able to report the presence of fifteen girls1 most of them very young and looking even younger than they really were because stunted by harsh treatment and lack of sufficient food4 ,not a child in the home but had been taken from a life of pain and cruel hardship1 and none is too wretched or maimed or low to be received4 ,they are taught to sew1 to read and write in their own language1 and to know and love ,christ who put it into the hearts of ,his children to save and help them4 ,sidenote3 ,result of saving a slave-child4 ,if you are tempted to query1--,can a stunted1 maimed1 degraded slave child ever repay such an outlay of effort and toil and expense8--please read the following extract from a letter from ,miss ,muir of the ,methodist ,episcopal ,mission in ,china4 ,one year ago last spring ,dr4 ,b4 was called to see a little slave girl in one of ,china's most prominent official's families4 ,she was five years old4 ,she was caught napping when she should have been fanning one of the young ladies of the family4 ,this young lady1 sixteen years old1 a spoiled pet1 struck the child over the head and face1 leaving deep scars1 tied her hands and feet together1 and threw scalding water upon her4 ,when ,dr4 ,b4 saw her he persuaded them to let her go to the ,hospital1 where her feet and all fingers except the stump of her right thumb had to be amputated4 ,then ,dr4 ,b4 wanted to put her into the school1 and so he told this official he would have to settle a certain amount of money on her for life or he 7,dr4 ,b47 would expose him to the public and the foreign countries where he had lived4 ,after he had tried in every way to creep out of it1 ,dr4 ,b4 holding fast1 #cjjj4jj was settled upon the child as long as she lives1 but whatever has not been spent of it at her death goes back to the family4 ,this is poor little ,mary1 who is compelled to walk on her knees the rest of her life just because she was too sleepy to keep awake one afternoon when only five years old4 ,but her influence in the school cannot be estimated4 ,her being there has helped to soften and make more kind and thoughtful every girl from the oldest to the youngest4 ,it is beautiful to watch the little ones try to carry her or pick her up when she falls4 ,it has been the redemption of 8,pontsi0 7,fattie71 who used to be the mischief of the school3 she would not study for any teacher1 and was the hopeless case of every one4 8,pontsi0 appointed herself the guardian and caretaker of ,mary as soon as ,mary came to school2 she is ,mary's partner in the line2 she wheels ,mary in her little chair2 helps her up and down from the bench in chapel2 and is always alert to do the many little helpful things where ,mary needs help4 ,she has become very studious and good in her classes1 no more in mischief4 ,but ,mary has such a bright1 happy disposition that she is a great help to herself1 and many a time will beat half a dozen with two good feet running across the compound on her knees4 ,illustration3 ,,chinese ,,mary ,a ,cripple for life1 because she took a nap at the wrong time ,sidenote3 ,defective and dependent children4 ,we started our chapter with children at play2 we found that all too soon in countless instances the play must cease and hard grinding work must begin2 we learned that in many lands great masses of little children are in hopeless slavery4 ,one other large group of pathetic little ones claims our attention1 sympathy1 and help in this connection1--children who know little or nothing of play and fun and laughter1--for whom no provision is made in lands where ,christ is not known4 ,these are the defective and dependent children1--cripples1 deaf mutes1 the blind1 orphans1 famine waifs1 children of lepers4 ,why is it that until missionaries started to work for these classes of children1 or governments were inspired to such efforts by the examples of ,christian governments1 there was no chance or hope for the great mass of defective and dependent children in non-,christian lands8 ,why is it that blind girls in ,korea had no other prospect than that of being sold to be trained as sorceresses1 or that parents of blind ,chinese girls find a ready market for them in brothels8 ,search diligently and find out if you can what would have become of the famine waifs of ,india and ,china1 or the massacre orphans of ,turkey1 had not ,christian missionaries considered their need a call to new and more difficult service1 and had not ,christians in ,europe and ,america heard and answered the call for more funds to support the new work4 ,sidenote3 ,statistics4 ,the ,world ,atlas of ,christian ,missions1 published in #aiaa1 gives the statistics for ,africa1 ,asia1 and the ,pacific ,islands as follows3 ,missionary ,orphanages #bff ,inmates #bj1cjc ,homes for ,untainted ,children of ,lepers #ba ,inmates #efg ,sidenote3 ,armenian massacre orphans4 ,the ,armenian massacres in #ahid-if cast some fifty thousand children in ,turkey without warning onto the care of the missionaries1 who had to face the alternative of letting these children die or drift hopelessly into lives of wretchedness and vice1 or else of caring for them in some adequate1 systematic way4 ,many pages might be written to show how ,christian missions rose to the occasion1 but one instance must suffice as an illustration of the task1 how it was met1 and its consequences4 ,we quote from a letter written in #aiab by ,rev4 ,george ,c4 ,reynolds1 ,m4 ,d41 for forty-four years a missionary in ,van1 ,turkey4 8,in #ahif occurred the great massacre1 when for a week our premises became the place of refuge for the ,armenians1 of which from #aj1jjj to #ae1jjj availed themselves4 ,and then our streets became filled with helpless orphans1 whose plaintive cry for help we tried to voice as an appeal to ,christian philanthropy in ,america and ,europe4 ,thank ,god1 the appeal brought response1 and we were enabled to gather in a few of these helpless waifs to feed and shelter and clothe and educate in books and trades4 ,for fifteen years this ,god-given work was continued1 and several temporary buildings were erected for its accommodation4 ,when our ,german friends withdrew their part of the institution to separate quarters1 promising sufficient orphanage provision for the province1 the ,american ,orphanage was allowed to pass into history2 but we feel as we review this history1 that this effort at least was worth while4 ,nearly a thousand children were rescued from the streets to find a loving ,christian home1 and the elevation which it gave them over the mass of even well-to-do villagers from among whom most of them were taken might almost make them thankful for the massacre4 ,forty-five of the five hundred and seventy-five boys have graduated from our high school1 thirty-nine of whom have given some years of their lives to teaching4 ,a good number have continued their studies in higher institutions in this country or abroad4 ,two have secured the degree of ,m4 ,d4 in ,america1 and are engaged in successful practice of their profession there1 while others are on their way to the same goal4 ,one has just taken his ,m4 ,d4 degree from ,edinburgh ,university1 and another is soon to graduate from ,london ,university1 while three or four are successfully pursuing university studies at ,harvard4 ,three have graduated from colleges in ,turkey4 ,political and economic conditions in this land not being attractive1 many have emigrated1 of whom fifty are now in the ,united ,states1 and two in ,south ,america4 ,most of these are fully making good4 ,this orphanage episode of my life brings me much of joy and satisfaction40 ,sidenote3 ,mohammedan children in need4 ,seventeen years pass1 and the scene changes4 ,then it was ,christian children1 helpless and starving because the ,mohammedans had killed their parents4 ,now it is ,mohammedan children homeless and suffering because ,christian nations have devastated their land by war4 ,then and now it is the ,christian missionary who sees the need and realizes that 8it is not the will of our ,father that one of these little ones should perish40 8,some of these children are simply irresistible10 writes ,professor ,arthur ,reed ,cass of the ,international ,college1 ,smyrna1 8,the stories they tell are sad indeed4 ,hundreds of ,moslem babies are being born on transport ships and in schools where lessons have been suspended to make room for homeless folk4 ,here is a chance for ,american ,christianity to prove its recognition of need regardless of lines of race and creed40#dc ,sidenote3 ,the 8,polishing ,jade ,establishment40 ,reports full of thrilling interest come to hand concerning the work of ,christian orphanages in non-,christian lands1--institutions founded and maintained by those who consider it their privilege to act as the human agents of ,him who is the 8,father of the fatherless40 ,we are told that ,st4 ,mary's ,orphanage maintained in ,shanghai1 ,china1 by the ,episcopal ,board of ,missions has been dubbed by the ,chinese1 8,the ,polishing ,jade ,establishment10 which is a reference to their own classic teaching that as jade must be cut and polished to be of value1 so children must be taught and trained4 ,sidenote3 ,orphanages in ,india4 ,the plan of establishment of orphanages in ,india under the ,methodist ,episcopal ,mission dates back to #aheg1 and is a fine example of how ,christian missionaries are on the lookout for suitable openings for work1 and how to them is apt to be granted the far vision that labors for the present and future generations and for eternity4 ,the orphanage for girls was first established in the city of ,lucknow1 but up to the close of #ahfj only thirteen orphans had been received4 ,owing to the famine that spread over the land after the great mutiny1 it became an easy matter to secure girls1 and the following year the number increased to forty-one4444 ,at the close of the mutiny1 ,dr4 ,butler made application to the government for a number of girls to be placed in the orphanage1 to be cared for by the mission4 ,the government was very willing that the children should be thus provided for4444 ,dr4 ,butler says3 8,upon reaching the city we found that the ,mohammedan officers connected with the magistrate's court1 at whose disposal the girls had been placed1 had distributed many of them in houses of infamy throughout the city to be brought up to a life of sin4 ,this matter was presented to the governor1 and the children were ordered to be immediately recovered and forwarded to the mission4 ,they were sent in large carts1 each containing twenty girls4 ,the oldest was probably twelve or thirteen years1 the youngest a mere babe2 but three-fourths of them were under eleven years of age4 ,each driver had his list for his load4 ,he lifted out the largest one first and laid her down1 then the rest1 placing them around her as if building them into a bee-hive shape4 ,then the heaps were counted and the signature affixed to each list1 and the carts moved out4 8,the children were all untidy1 and their countenances bore the traces of the hunger through which they had passed4444 ,but these were girls1 and the glad thought was that they were our own to save and train and elevate4 ,we accepted them as a trust from ,god4 ,all hands were soon at work in loving labor to change the aspect of things4 ,the missionary women and their native helpers before the sun went down had accomplished a delightful transformation4 ,bodies were washed1 clean clothing put on1 and a hearty meal of wholesome food banished the gloomy looks and brought forth the first smiles on those little faces40#dd ,illustration3 ,,basket ,,of ,,babies ,,from ,,the ,,orphanage1 ,,guntur1 ,,india ,sidenote3 ,famine waifs4 ,not only are orphanages established1 but missionaries use many other means to provide for helpless1 dependent1 or neglected children who are thrown on their care4 ,after one of ,india's great famines the ,rev4 ,rockwell ,clancy of ,allahabad formed a distributing station for famine waifs and collected and placed hundreds of them in various schools and institutions throughout the land4 ,a new missionary to ,china after only a month's study of the language had rather an interesting trip with his collection of famine orphans4 ,he writes3-- 8,the trip to ,nanking1 including a ten-mile trip on the ,presbyterian motor boat to the railroad station and the one hundred miles by rail1 was full of wonders to these little country lads4 ,on the cars when eating our slim lunch1 consisting of a bun and a boiled egg for each boy1 one of the boys who was a little older than most of them politely offered part of his share to the people who were occupying the same seat with him1 and this in spite of the fact that he had been going hungry for weeks or months4 8,after entering the city wall at ,nanking we drove the seven miles to a rented ,chinese house where ,i was living1 which was to serve as their home for the time being4 ,one of the drivers told the boys that we were going to dig out their eyes and cut out their stomachs4 ,this awesome news1 coupled with a little homesickness1 was probably the cause of two of them running away the very next day4 ,we had to send four or five to the ,methodist hospital to be treated1 and two of the older boys who were allowed to go along ran away4 ,but their places have been filled by three others1 two of whom ,i had to leave in the hospital at ,hwai ,yuan40#de ,sidenote3 ,a ,persian 8,helen ,keller40 ,what provision is there for the blind1 the deaf and dumb1 the crippled children in non-,christian lands8 ,would you care to know the number of children whose fate is like that of the ,mohammedan girl who was brought by her grandmother to the missionary dispensary in ,persia8 ,she was deaf1 dumb1 and blind1 and her grandmother pleaded with the lady physician to do something to cure her4 ,the girl shrank in fright as a strange hand touched her and then every tense muscle in her body showed amazement and relief when the hand proved to be gentle and loving4 ,again the grandmother brought her1 saying1 8,you must find a remedy4 ,there is nothing we can do with her4 ,must ,i kill her80 and the missionary's heart was broken because she could not cure and there was absolutely no institution to which to take the girl4 ,some years later a younger deaf and dumb girl was brought to the dispensary by a woman whose face seemed familiar and who turned out to be the despairing old grandmother4 8,where is the older girl80 asked the doctor4 8,oh10 exclaimed the old woman1 while the tears rained down her face1 8,i had to kill her4 ,there was nothing else to do60 ,who knows what there was behind that wall of blindness and deafness1--who knows what might have been the result had the ,mohammedan ,helen ,keller had her fair chance8 ,which members of the 8organized motherhood for the children of the world0 will see to it that there are means and workers enough to give these children their inalienable rights8 ,the work is barely begun1 but is full of promise4 ,sidenote3 ,blind children in ,india4 8,according to the last census1 the number of blind persons in the ,indian ,empire is #fjj1jjj4 ,little was done for them until ,miss ,asquith1 superintendent of the school for ,tamil girls in ,palamcotta1 founded a school for blind children a few years ago4 ,her success was so great that she resigned her lucrative position and gave herself and all her time to the care of the blind4 ,now the ,english ,government will aid her in the erection of two substantial school buildings1 one for boys1 the other for girls1 that she may give both a more complete education40#df ,sidenote3 ,work for the deaf4 8,the ,martha ,a4 ,king ,memorial ,school for the ,deaf has been started as a department of the work of the ,woman's ,board of ,missions at ,marsovan4 ,the oral method is used1 and it is the intention to teach each pupil the language of his own home4 ,the present year the ,greek department has been opened1 an ,armenian department will be opened in ,september1 #aiaa1 and one in ,turkish as soon as there is a demand for it4 8,children 7both boys and girls7 will be received at from six to eight years of age4 ,older children may be accepted1 but it is important for the attainment of the best results that pupils begin the work within the age limits named4 ,miss ,philadelpheus1 the teacher1 has spent two years at the ,clark ,school for the ,deaf1 ,northampton1 ,mass41 in preparation for this work4 ,both the home and school life of the children are under the most careful supervision40#dg ,sidenote3 ,deaf and dumb school in ,china4 ,one in every five hundred of ,china's vast population is estimated to be deaf and dumb4 ,the only school in ,china for such unfortunates is in ,chefoo and was started in #ahih as an independent work by ,mrs4 ,a4 ,t4 ,mills1 for many years a member of the ,presbyterian ,mission1 which heartily approves of the school1 but has no funds with which to support it4 ,boys and girls are taught in this school to read1 write1 and speak1 and are given as much elementary knowledge as is possible1 while being trained to useful occupations by which they may hope to be self-supporting4 ,such constructive work for children who are handicapped is considered absolutely necessary in ,america and ,europe4 ,is there in your opinion any necessity for multiplying such agencies in non-,christian lands8 ,does it pay to help in ,christ's name even one of these little ones8 ,are they worth helping8 ,which one of us could do the work of the blind reader of ,amritsar in ,india8 ,sidenote3 ,the blind reader of ,amritsar4 8,a peculiarly bright1 happy-looking girl of about eighteen1 sitting down at the beginning of the morning in one of our ,amritsar dispensaries1 with her large ,gospel of ,st4 ,matthew1 in ,dr4 ,moon's system of raised characters for the blind1 open on her knees2 she can see nothing1 but her fingers move swiftly across the page1 and she begins to read better than some persons who have the use of their eyes6 ,as the morning goes on1 all the sick who come for medicine will listen with astonishment and pleasure1 and she will have opportunities of witnessing for ,jesus to those who ask her a reason for the hope that is in her4 ,she was once herself in the darkness of ,mohammedanism1 and in the ,blind ,school found ,christ4 ,she is now a rejoicing and consistent ,christian4 ,do you think that1 as we stood and watched her delight in reading the comfortable words of our ,saviour ,christ1 we asked ourselves if to bring such to the ,lord were work worth doing8 ,rather1 is it not a service which angels might envy80#dh ,sidenote3 ,a leprous mother4 ,a leprous mother1 outcast of society1 doomed to spend the rest of her life in a leper village and to drag out a miserable existence among those who are afflicted and suffering like herself6 ,what1 oh what1 shall she do with her children1 as yet untainted by the frightful disease1 but sure to develop it if they too go to the leper village8 ,and yet who is there in the wide world to care for her little ones8 ,her husband is up at the village1 hands gone1 sightless eyes1 disfigured face1--he cannot help4 ,no relatives or neighbors will be bothered with the children of the outcast1 and yet that mother heart beats with an intense1 despairing mother love as yours or mine might1--with a love that can bear all suffering and even slow death for herself if only her children are safe4 ,hark1 a neighbor calls to her from a safe distance1--8,do you know that those foreign ,jesus people have a place where they take the children of those who are accursed of ,god like yourself8 ,they take them and feed them and teach them their ,jesus religion and train them to earn their living40 ,oh1 it is the one word of hope and courage1 the one ray of light in utter darkness1 and the little children are left on the threshold of the ,home for ,untainted ,children1 and the leper mother learns of a ,home where she herself may go and where she and her husband may receive loving care and unheard-of comfort1 and where the years of suffering are illumined by the knowledge of another ,home where she may meet her darlings once more1 and 8where the inhabitant shall not say1 ,i am sick40 ,sidenote3 ,homes for untainted children of lepers4 8,twenty-one ,homes for the untainted children of leprous parents in which about five hundred boys and girls are being brought up to healthy and useful lives and saved from adding to the terrible total of diseased outcasts10#di this is the record of the work of ,christian missions thus far4 ,compare with it the record of what in this modern day has been done in the name of an attempt at civilization which leaves ,christianity entirely out of account4 ,sidenote3 ,in the name of civilization1 but without ,christianity4 8,wellesley ,g4 ,bailey of ,edinburgh1 the superintendent of the ,mission to ,lepers1 has received authoritative information concerning the terrible massacre of lepers by government soldiers which was perpetrated at the city of ,nanning1 the remote capital of the province ,kwang-si in southern ,china4 ,the massacre was instituted under the direct orders of the governor general of the province4444 ,in this case the offense of his cruelty is aggravated by the fact that1 taking advantage of the trend to modern ideas in ,china1 the vicious old general pretended to be acting in the interest of scientific hygiene4 ,the excuse he has made for the massacre is that leprosy is a great menace to humanity and the destruction of those afflicted with it is the surest way of stamping out the scourge4444 8,the ,english ,missionaries had been anxious for some time to build a leper hospital1 but could not spare the energy for it from their other work4 ,and for a long time the ,catholics seemed entirely indifferent to the needs of lepers4 ,but finally1 there arrived in the latter mission a very earnest and sympathetic priest1 whose attention was early attracted to the collection of miserable hovels outside the city1 where the community of suffering had drawn together a larger group of outcast lepers4 ,the priest determined that something must be done for them4444 8,but it appears that the intrusion of the ,french into the matter angered ,general ,luk so much that he took measures immediately to dispose of the question in another way4 ,soldiers were sent out to dig a deep trench near by the leper village1 and early on a ,saturday morning soon after a large body of troops completely surrounded the lepers' wretched huts4 ,shouts brought them out of the door of their hovels1 and immediately the soldiers opened fire1 shooting relentlessly until the whole community--men1 women and children--were dead or helplessly wounded4 ,then the whole mass1 many still living1 were dropped into the trench1 kerosene poured over them and the pile set alight4 ,the victims at this one point numbered fifty-three4 ,of course there was immense excitement in the city1 and to defend himself the governor general issued a proclamation urging that all lepers should be put out of the way1 and advising that those who did not voluntarily kill themselves should be killed by their friends and relatives4 ,how many more died in this way is not known4 8,many crimes have been committed in the name of civilization1 as of liberty1 but perhaps never one quite so monstrous as this in the name of #8hygiene4' ,certainly the incident illustrates how keenly ,china needs not civilization simply1 but civilization based upon ,christian religion40#ej ,sidenote3 8,the child in the midst40 8,the child in the midst10 playful1 trustful1 loving1 helpless1 exalted by our ,saviour into a type to be admired and copied if one would enter into the ,kingdom of ,heaven6 ,the ,master placed him in the very midst of ,his disciples1 where he might find shelter1 protection1 and love4 ,but today we find the little ones1 thousands1 millions of them1 in the midst of suffering1 neglect1 vice1 crime1 torture1 despair1 danger to body and soul4 ,and ever and anon the ,master's voice echoes in our ears1 8,whosoever shall receive one such little one in ,my name1 receiveth ,me40 ,,quotations ,,feast ,,day1 ,,arabia ,what ,christmas ,day1 with its toys and sweets and merry-making1 is to the ,christian child1 the ,moslem ,feast ,day1 at the close of the ,ramadhan ,fast1 is to the little men and women of ,arabia4 ,at that time every child must have a new gown of some bright color4 ,on that gay day1 in the bazaar1 are sold delicious sweetmeats made only on this one occasion in the whole year4 ,every one is happy1 for the weary month of fasting is at an end4 ,friend meets friend with the greeting1 8,may your feast be blessed10 and is answered1 8,may your day be happy40 ,out on the edge of the town1 where the houses end and the desert begins1 some enterprising ,arab1 who has 8seen ,bombay10 has constructed the crudest and most dangerous of ,ferris ,wheels1 and a merry-go-round to match4 ,here the youthful inhabitants congregate1 with their precious coppers1 eager for a ride on these wonderful machines4 ,there are big boys and little boys and middle-sized boys4 ,there are little girls with their faces uncovered1 and a few older ones with their faces veiled1 but most of the larger girls must stay at home1 as it would be a shame for them to appear in public4 ,there are the proud sons of the rich ,arab merchants1 and the children of the wild ,bedouins4 ,what better opportunity could one have to study the rising generation8 ,if a ,westerner1 wearing a hat1 passes through the crowd1 he is immediately followed by a mob of impudent1 mischievous boys1 calling out in ,arabic3 8,the ,english1 the ,english6 ,they don't pray6 ,even the chickens ,are better than they60 ,the ,moslems say that the chickens are praying when they raise their heads before swallowing water4 7,letter from ,e4 ,t4 ,calverley47 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,merry-,,go-,,round ,,at ,,an ,,arab ,,fair ,,play1 ,,among ,,the ,,lao ,we have #aaj girls in school this term1 over half of them boarders1 and they are so gentle and tractable it is a pleasure to work with them4 ,it is pitiful to see how little they know about playing4 ,their greatest pleasure is watching us play tennis4 ,a few evenings ago ,i heard an unusual noise under my window1 and1 looking out1 saw a towel tied across the walk between the hedges4 ,on either side of this stood a girl with a flat stick in her hand1 and they were knocking across the towel a bundle of rags which they had tied up in some semblance of a ball4 ,later we took them out1 and let each one have a few minute's real play with real racquets and balls1 and1 when ,i put the racquet in a girl's hand1 she would gasp1 as if to say1 8,can this be really true1 or am ,i dreaming80 7,miss ,lucy ,starling in ,foreign ,post1 ,may1 #aiaj47 ,,dolls1 ,,central ,,africa ,the first two dolls that arrived in ,toro met with a very mixed welcome2 the children howled and fled in terror1 but their mothers showed a most profound admiration for them4 ,at first they held the doll very gingerly1 but finding that nothing happened to either one or the other1 and the doll still smiled at them like the ,cheshire cat1 they became great friends1 and begged that they might borrow it for a few days to play with4 ,whether it was the large circulation that those two dolls got1 or the gradually increasing confidence of the ,toro children in the white ladies1 the fact remains that in a few months all childish prejudice had disappeared1 and often a little voice was heard asking for 8a child that causes play40 ,when this was known in ,england1 over one hundred dolls were sent to me from two working parties4 ,i never saw such a wonderful doll show as they made4 ,they were all displayed on our verandah1 and the house was literally besieged with men1 women1 and children for some days4 ,a bride1 beautifully dressed in white satin and kid shoes1 who even in her wedding attire cried 8mamma0 and 8papa10 was sent to little ,princess ,ruth1 but the report reached me that ,king ,kasagama had constituted himself guardian1 and kept it locked up in his study for slack moments6 ,apolo1 our faithful native deacon--confirmed bachelor--asked me in secret if men ever played with dolls1 and beamed with satisfaction as he most triumphantly carried one off1 peacefully sleeping4 ,the others were given out to the little girls who had been most regular at the school1 and were noted for having come with clean faces and bodies4 ,when the boys saw that the dolls were only given to girls1 some borrowed their sisters' garments to try and appear eligible6 ,i did not know till then they were versed in such cunning6 ,it was so pretty to watch the joy and even playfulness that those dolls brought into the lives of so many little ones who had scarcely known what this meant till then4 ,christianity has completely revolutionized child-life in ,toro4 ,,saving ,a ,,boy1 ,,china ,rev4 ,f4 ,e4 ,lund1 of ,wuhu1 tells this incident in connection with a visit to the out-station at ,nanking3 8,on going back to the school about ten o'clock at night ,i found in a dark corner on the street a poor boy1 half frozen to death4 ,his piteous groaning attracted my attention4 ,his legs were already numbed and his feet swollen and covered with chilblains which made him quite unable to move4 ,he told me he had been driven out from his home a few days ago1 as his father and younger brother were on the point of starvation4 ,his mother died last year in the famine4 ,i knew that it was up to me to save him4 ,there was no one else to do it4 ,the cold night would have finished him4 ,so ,i had him carried to our school1 where we gave him a warm bath and put him into new wadded clothes4 ,during the night he was in great pain and delirious1 but in the morning he seemed hale and hearty1 and proved to be a most straightforward and clever little man4 ,he is ten years old1 but very small for his age4 ,it was most interesting to see how heartily our ,chinese neighbors endorsed this little bit of charity4 ,one gave me #b4jj to help pay for the clothes4 ,another brought two pairs of socks4 ,some one sent a hat1 and an innkeeper sent bedding4 ,if we only had a trade school to put such boys in1 we could do a little work along this line and it would certainly meet with the approval of the best class1 who would be sure to give substantial help4 ,at any rate1 it would be a work that the best ,chinese would appreciate and understand40 7,spirit of ,missions1 ,april1 #aiac47 ,,scripture ,,reading 8,the ,child in the ,midst10 ,matthew1 #ah3a-f1 #aj-ad4 ,christ commends the humility of the little child and the spirit of those who receive a child gladly1 whether into the home1 the school room1 or into any part of their sphere of influence4 ,there is no place in ,christ's ,kingdom for the one who 8does not want to be bothered with children0 or who provokes1 injures1 neglects1 despises1 or causes one little one to sin4 8,the feature of child-nature which forms the special point of comparison is its unpretentiousness4 ,what children are unconsciously1 that ,jesus requires ,his disciples to be voluntarily and deliberately40 7,a4 ,b4 ,bruce47 ,,prayer ,grant1 ,o ,heavenly ,father1 that as ,thy holy angels always behold ,thy face in heaven1 so they may evermore protect ,thy little ones on earth from all danger1 both of soul and body1 through ,jesus ,christ1 our ,lord4 ,father of the fatherless1 let the cry1 we pray ,thee1 of the orphan and the destitute enter into ,thine ears2 rescue them from the perils of a sinful world and bring them to the refuge of ,thy ,heavenly ,home1 for the sake of ,thy ,holy ,child ,jesus1 our only ,saviour and ,redeemer4 ,amen4 ,,bibliography4 ,,chapter ,,iii4 ,,books ,christian ,missions and ,social ,progress1 ,vol4 ii1 ,j4 ,s4 ,dennis1 7,revell47 ,centennial ,survey of ,christian ,missions1 ,j4 ,s4 ,dennis1 7,revell47 ,gloria ,christi1 ,chap4 v1 8,philanthropic ,missions10 ,anna ,r4 ,b4 ,lindsay1 7,macmillan47 ,children at ,play in ,many ,lands1 ,katherine ,stanley ,hall1 7,missionary ,education ,movement of the ,united ,states and ,canada47 ,the ,chinese ,boy and ,girl1 ,isaac ,t4 ,headland1 7,revell47 ,village ,life in ,china1 ,a4 ,h4 ,smith1 7,revell47 ,japanese ,girls and ,women1 ,alice ,m4 ,bacon1 7,houghton ,mifflin ,co47 ,the ,happiest ,girl in ,korea1 ,minerva ,l4 ,guthapfel1 7,revell47 ,village ,life in ,korea1 ,j4 ,r4 ,moose1 7,smith ,lamar47 ,the ,laos of ,north ,siam1 ,lilian ,johnson ,curtis1 7,westminster ,press47 ,the ,jungle ,folk of ,africa1 ,r4 ,h4 ,milligan1 7,revell47 ,congo ,life and ,folklore1 ,j4 ,h4 ,weeks1 7,religious ,tract ,society47 ,home ,life in ,turkey1 ,l4 ,m4 ,j4 ,garnett1 7,macmillan47 ,children of ,persia1 ,mrs4 ,napier ,malcolm1 7,oliphant1 ,anderson ,ferrier47 ,topsy-,turvey ,land1 ,e4 ,a4 ,s4 ,m4 ,zwemer1 7,revell47 ,recreation4--,a ,world ,need4 ,c4 ,m4 ,goethe in ,survey1 ,oct4 #d1 #aiac4 ,,leaflets ,the ,bareilly ,orphanage ,woman's ,foreign ,missionary ,ai ,mei's ,busy ,fingers ,soc4 of the ,methodist ,as ,they ,play in ,china ,episcopal ,church4 ,o ,kei ,san1 the ,child ,with ,no ,hands ,st4 ,mary's ,orphanage1 ,board of ,missions ,shanghai4 7,episcopal74 ,march ,third in ,japan ,board of ,missions of ,pres4 ,church4 ,home ,life in ,africa ,woman's ,foreign ,missionary ,other ,children ,soc4 of the ,presbyterian ,church4 ,autobiography of a ,woman's ,bd4 of ,miss4 ,successful ,life of ,interior4 ,my little ,blind ,neighbor ,chinese ,slave ,girls ,woman's ,board of ,foreign ,of ,such is the ,kingdom ,missions of the ,reformed of ,heaven ,church of ,america4 ,,footnotes3 #bh ,george ,b4 ,mangold in 8,child ,problems40 #bi ,jane ,addams1 8,the ,spirit of ,youth40 ,macmillan4 #cj ,e4 ,p4 ,st4 ,john1 8,child ,nature and ,child ,nurture40 ,pilgrim ,press4 #ca ,alice ,mabel ,bacon1 8,japanese ,girls and ,women40 ,houghton ,mifflin ,co4 #cb ,the ,foreign ,post1 ,may1 #aiaj4 #cc 8,other ,children10 ,jean ,mc,kenzie4 ,wom4 ,for4 ,miss4 ,soc4 ,pres4 ,ch4 #cd 8,on the ,education of ,backward ,races10 ,e4 ,w4 ,coffin1 ,pedagogical ,seminary1 ,mar41 #aijh4 #ce ,spirit of ,missions1 ,feb41 #aiaa4 #cf 8,village ,life in ,china40 ,revell4 #cg 8,children of ,persia40 ,oliphant1 ,anderson ,ferrier4 #ch ,george ,b4 ,mangold1 8,child ,problems40 #ci ,a4 ,e4 and ,s4 ,m4 ,zwemer4 ,revell4 #dj ,dr4 ,ira ,harris in ,over ,sea and ,land1 ,dec41 #aiab4 #da ,rev4 ,r4 ,h4 ,nassau1 ,d4,d41 8,home ,life in ,africa40 ,wom4 ,for4 ,miss4 ,soc4 ,pres4 ,ch4 #db 8,children of ,persia40 ,oliphant1 ,anderson ,ferrier4 #dc ,the ,congregationalist1 ,may #h1 #aiac4 #dd ,mrs4 ,j4 ,t4 ,gracey1 8,bareilly ,orphanage40 ,wom4 ,for4 ,miss4 ,soc4 ,m4 ,e4 ,church4 #de ,john ,magee in ,hotchkiss ,record1 ,jan4 #ba1 #aiac4 #df ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,feb41 #aiaa4 #dg ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,april1 #aiaa4 #dh ,barnes1 8,behind the ,pardah40 #di ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,may1 #aiaa1 ,john ,jackson1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 #ej ,the ,continent1 ,march #bg1 #aiac4 ,,chapter ,,iv4 ,,the ,,child ,,at ,,school 8,come1 ye children--,i will teach you the fear of the ,lord40 ,the call for schools from ,mission ,lands--,is missionary educational work still needed in the awakening ,east8--,divergent views on education--,reasons why missionary education should be continued--,comparative illiteracy--,testimony from ,japan--,from ,china--,from ,india--,from ,mohammedan lands--,can we refuse the united demand8--,kindergarten ,union in ,japan--,the impressionable years of childhood and the call for ,christian ,kindergartens--,inventive and adaptable missionaries--,primitive education among backward nations--,lack of power of concentration--,evils of the memorizing method--,old methods hard to discard--,education of girls--,early marriage a barrier--,now is the time to educate the future mothers--,mission schools and physical training--,building up a 8great personality0--,the need for good literature--,industrial training in mission schools--,extent of ,american missionary education--,where shall we put the emphasis8--,how mission schools lead children to ,christ--,mission school-children in after life4 ,sidenote3 ,the call for schools from mission lands4 ,four little boys less than ten years of age came trudging over the muddy ,korean road three long miles to school4 ,in their chilly1 little1 bare hands they carried bowls of cold rice for dinner4 ,but cheerfully they marched along1 for the daily six-mile walk took them to and from the mission school1 and oh6 what a wonderful privilege it was to be able to study1--a privilege not enjoyed by all the boys of their village4#ea ,the closing session of a school for ,jewish children in the heart of ,asia was being held1 and many mothers listened with awe and admiration as child after child took part in the simple exercises4 8,see10 the mothers exclaimed to each other1 8see how our daughters are learning to read1 instead of growing up to be like donkeys as we have done60 ,a woman in the capital city of ,persia1 head of a ,bahaist school1 insisted on sending her little daughter to the ,american mission school1 paying all tuition charges gladly4 8,lady10 she said to the teacher in charge1 8whenever ,i come into this school my life is renewed40 ,over the ,african trail came a young man who had given his heart to ,christ and was now ready to enter the ,bible ,training ,school in order to fit himself for a life work that no foreign missionary could hope to accomplish4 ,earnestly he pleaded with the missionaries to let him bring his little eleven-year-old wife to be taught and trained so that she might some day be a true help-meet in his work4 ,but there was no boarding school for girls1 no available place for the child4 ,think what that future home and work might have been had the little wife received a ,christian education6 ,a missionary was returning from an evangelistic tour over one of the lonely roads of ,palestine4 ,suddenly he was accosted by several armed men in disguise1 who demanded that he should promise to grant their request before it was stated to him4 ,he naturally demurred1 but1 becoming convinced that they were not robbers1 he finally consented1 realizing that his journey could not otherwise be continued4 ,whereupon they demanded that certain mission schools which had been closed for lack of funds should be re-opened1 promising to give as much as possible towards the necessary sum4 8,it is like depriving our children of bread and water and air10 they exclaimed1 8to deprive them of the opportunity for religious teaching and useful education40#eb ,a peaceful missionary held up by a set of masked bandits in a ,mohammedan land1 who demanded1 not his money nor his life1 but a ,christian education for their children6 ,loud and clear and insistent are the voices from country after country4 ,in many tongues they call to us ,christian women1--8,give us a chance to learn1 let us children have what our parents never had1 put books into our hands1 train our hands and eyes and ears and hearts as well as our minds1 show us how people who love that ,jesus whom you tell about may read of ,him and may make their lives good and happy and useful60 ,sidenote3 ,is missionary educational work still needed in the awakening ,east8 ,it may be the honest conviction of many that with advancing civilization and the great political1 social1 and educational awakening in many lands1 there is no further need for mission schools or for pushing missionary educational work4 ,japan has her public school system with six years of compulsory school attendance1 and higher courses combining cultural with practical education in a way that ,western nations might well follow4 ,china has done away with the old educational regime and is patterning her new system after those of ,christian lands4 ,in ,india we hear that 8,mr4 ,gokhale's bill for universal primary education has stirred the whole country and will be a constant issue until it is an accomplished fact4 ,already the government has voted to increase immediately the number of primary schools from #abj1jjj to #baj1jjj40ec ,the demand for education of girls as well as of boys in ,persia1 ,turkey1 and ,egypt has caused a marvelous overturning and re-arranging of custom1 prejudice1 public opinion1 and government action4 ,in view of all this and much more in the same line1 has the time come when the matter of education can be left in the hands of the awakening ,east1 and does our obligation to the little ones of non-,christian lands cease at the door of the school room8 ,sidenote3 ,divergent views on education4 ,in order to arrive at a fair answer to these questions it might be well to study and discuss some divergent views on education and then to learn how these questions are answered by those who were born in non-,christian lands or who have lived and worked there for many years4 ,some ,views on ,education 8,to educate a girl is like putting a knife into the hands of a monkey40 ,hindu ,proverb4 8,the hope of our country is in the education of our girls1 and we shall never have statesmen till the mothers are educated40 ,a ,persian ,nobleman4 8,men are superior to women on account of the qualities with which ,god has gifted the one above the other40 ,the ,koran1 ,sura #d4ch4 8,no scheme of education for primitive races can succeed that neglects the woman's influence in the family and the tribe40 ,e4 ,w4 ,coffin4#ed 8,when a man does not ask1 #8,what shall ,i think of this and of that8' ,i can do nothing with him4 ,learning without thought is labor lost2 thought without learning is perilous40 ,confucius ,quoted in 8,oriental ,religions10 ,samuel ,johnson4 8,education should lead and guide man to clearness concerning himself and in himself1 to peace with nature and to unity with ,god40 ,froebel4 8,the aim of female education is perfect submission1 not cultivation and development of the mind40 ,confucius4 8,not knowledge or information1 but self-realization is the goal4 ,to possess all the world of knowledge and lose one's own self is as awful a fate in education as in religion40 ,john ,dewey4 ,the ,head ,master of an ,english school declared it to be his ideal of education to create an atmosphere of loyalty that should teach the pupils to adapt themselves to the sphere in which their lives should be cast1 at the same time giving them self-reliance through the knowledge that they are responsible for doing the things that are worth while1 and arousing their ambition to achieve that which is highest and best4 ,as a practical basis for the study of our topic1 8,the ,child at ,school10 write out if you will your own definition of the scope and ideals of education1 drawing up a list of those members of the human family who would benefit by such an education4 ,sidenote3 ,reasons why missionary education should be continued4 ,referring again to the question of whether our missionary obligation ceases when the child's education begins1 we must first of all realize clearly how recent has been the awakening in most of these lands1 how appalling is the illiteracy1 how long it will take the most advanced government to meet the need without assistance1 and how infinitely more a ,christian education will do for the little ones than a merely secular education can possibly accomplish4 ,sidenote3 ,statistics of illiteracy4 ,from the new ,cyclopedia of ,education#ee the following latest available statistics are taken3-- ,country ,illiterate ,basis ,year ,america #g4g ,pop4 over #aj yrs4 #aiaj ,england ,wales #a4h ,marriage #aija-aiaj ,german ,empire #j4jc ,army ,recruits #aijd ,ceylon 7all races7 #gh4c ,all ages #aija ,india #ib4e ,over #aj years4 #aija ,cape of ,good ,hope 7,other than ,european47 #hf4b #aijd ,egypt #ib4g #aijg ,quoting further from the ,cyclopedia we learn that 8in ,turkey1 ,india1 and ,china we find a high illiteracy among the males1 and an almost complete illiteracy among the females4 ,the least illiteracy today is to be found among the people in the countries to the north and west of ,europe1 and of ,teutonic or mixed ,teutonic stock4 ,it was in these countries that the ,protestant ,revolt made its greatest headway and the ability to read the ,word of ,god and to participate in the church services were regarded as of great importance for salvation40 ,sidenote3 ,sir ,j4 ,d4 ,rees on illiteracy in ,asia4 ,sir ,j4 ,d4 ,rees1 an official of high position and distinction in ,india1 makes this significant statement in his volume on 8,modern ,india10 dated #aiaj--8,while it is true that only half the boys of school-going age were following a course of primary education when the last census was taken1 it is extremely improbable that in any other part of ,asia anything approaching that number has been ever attained1 or in any ,oriental country under ,european control40 ,sidenote3 ,education in ,japan4 ,let us go back to ,japan as to the one of all non-,christian lands that has made the greatest advance along educational lines4 ,after a visit to ,japan with many opportunities for observation and study of the subject1 ,miss ,kate ,g4 ,lamson says3#ef ,education for the masses has long since justified itself to the ,japanese4 ,that education is universal and compulsory is abundantly proved by the crowds of school children seen in every part of the country4 ,this naturally leads the observer to question the need of outside help1 especially missionary help1 along educational lines1 and outside of two or three large centres our ,board has applied itself largely to the development of church organization and evangelistic work4 ,yet the experience of years has revealed an imperative need of the missionary even in the ranks of education in ,japan4444 ,with schools everywhere1 under an able and full staff of instructors1 with up-to-date appliances for every branch that is to be taught1 moral and religious training are not provided for1 and the well-polished husk of educated manhood and womanhood without the inner life is the result4 ,the dangers attending non-religious education have not failed to make themselves apparent to the watchful ,japanese4444 ,in every land we believe the hope of the nations lies largely in the training of little children4 ,christianity in ,japan has laid hold upon this and has set the pace in the establishing of kindergartens4444 ,although education in ,japan is compulsory1 it is a fact that it is beyond the reach of the poorest people4 ,this anomalous situation is caused by the charges for tuition and books imposed upon all scholars4 ,these charges are so high as to be prohibitive for the very poor1 and the result shows in the absence of their children from school4 ,in this lies a direct invitation for missionary effort4 ,sidenote3 ,opinions of a leading ,japanese4 ,these words from a ,christian observer and student of missions find an echo in the remark of a leading ,japanese1 himself a non-,christian1 to one of the team of workers of the ,men and ,religion ,movement3--8,i am convinced that ,japan must become ,christian or she will never become a great nation40 ,sidenote3 ,educational awakening in ,china4 ,sidenote3 ,where shall the teachers be trained8 ,so much is being said and published about the wonderful developments in ,china and the new system of education that is taking the place of the old1 time-honored memorizing of the 8,four ,books0 and the 8,five ,classics10 that we need not here go into the subject in detail4 ,but we must stop to query3--,where is ,china to procure the hundreds and thousands of teachers who are needed to train not only the children at present but the teachers of future generations of children8 ,for many long years she must look largely to missionary schools to prepare her future educators4 ,from a report on the ,educational ,work of the ,presbyterian ,board of ,foreign ,missions we quote the following3 ,the wisdom of the ,west in matters of courses of study1 together with methods of teaching1 discipline1 etc41 are brought directly from our best institutions and freely offered upon the altar of ,chinese regeneration4 ,the results of these years have also proven that these best things are adapted to the young ,chinese minds1 and that they appreciate them when they once come to know them4 ,the products of these years show that our ,christian schools have been getting hold of some excellent material1 and that there is such true worth and high possibility that all effort to develop these bright minds and sincere hearts is well worth while1 and that in doing so a great service is rendered to ,china4444 ,a number of young women of fine type have been educated in the schools for girls1 who are proving themselves apt to teach and work for their own people in the conduct of boarding and day schools and women's classes4 ,sidenote3 ,indian grants to mission schools4 ,so highly does the ,indian government prize the work of the missionary schools that each of them which is held to the required standard of efficiency receives a grant for partial support4 ,the ,american ,board ,bulletin says1 8,our tremendous school system in ,ceylon of more than ten thousand pupils is carried on practically at government expense40 ,in a village in ,india the parents' request for a school was answered by the statement that if such a school were opened1 the ,bible would be taught in it4 ,quickly the reply came1 8,teach your religion1 but educate our boys40 ,sidenote3 ,new demand for education in ,persia and ,turkey4 ,when the century opened1 ,persia and ,turkey were asleep4 ,suddenly came the awakening1 the reaching out for something new and different1 and1 as in the case of ,china1 one of the first thoughts was1--,our children must be educated4 ,instinctively they turned to the missionaries who for long years had quietly1 steadily1 sown the seed1 prepared literature1 set up printing presses1 trained preachers and teachers4 ,boys and girls began to flock into the mission schools4 ,sidenote3 ,messages from ,persian parents4 8,fathers sent pleasant messages10 wrote a missionary in ,teheran in #aiaa4 8,one said1 #8,your girls make better wives and mothers and in every way better women1 than others4' ,another1 #8,i wish my wife had been educated1 but ,i am determined my daughter shall be4' ,an ,armenian of wealth and influence is reported to have answered to a remonstrance against sending his little daughter to us instead of to their national school3 #8,did ,i ever refuse to give you money8 ,i will continue to help support our national schools1 but ,i must send my daughters 7he has five7 where they can really obtain an education4 ,they can learn in one week all you can teach them about going to theatricals and dances4' ,a friend was telling us that her sister would send her girls to us4 #8,why8' #8,because every ,moslem in this city understands that your school is the only one where girls really learn4 ,why should my sister be the only fool8'0#eg ,sidenote3 ,new schools for girls in ,teheran4 ,these messages are significant in view of the fact that in a brief time seventy girls' schools were reported to have sprung up suddenly in ,persia's capital city1 with an enrolment of five thousand pupils4#eh ,but scarcely half a dozen of those at the head of the schools had ever been to school themselves1 and the testimony from all over ,persia was the same as that at the capital1--8,the missionary schools are the best40 ,here is the eager call from ,turkey3#ei ,sidenote3 ,the call for teachers in ,turkey4 ,the gradual awakening of the villages to the need of better schools increases yearly the calls for teachers4 ,the ,sivas ,normal ,school reports that the work of the past summer was very hard4 8,we were obliged to refuse calls for more than forty teachers1 not a few of them from places to which we had never supplied teachers4 ,the following quotation from a letter from the ,armenian ,bishop of one of our large cities is a fair sample3 #8,we wish to call for the ,armenian schools of our city the following teachers3 a principal1 a lady principal1 teachers for ,armenian1 ,turkish1 and ,french1 and three teachers for scientific branches4 ,if you have among your experienced teachers or among the new graduates persons to recommend1 please inform us at once in order that we may invite them4'0 ,illustration3 ,,khatoon ,who walked a month's journey to get an education1 and returned to teach these children in this ,turkish ,schoolhouse ,sidenote3 ,a ,kurdish father4 ,one hardly knows whether to laugh or to cry over the ,kurdish father up in the wild mountains of ,kurdistan who brought his boy to the little school taught by a native helper1 whacking him with a stick to make the reluctant youth walk in the paths of learning1 while he declared1 8,i am not going to let my boy grow up in the street40 ,sidenote3 ,can we refuse the demand8 ,when great governments1 ecclesiastical authorities1 wealthy noblemen1 and fierce warriors from the mountain fastnesses all clamor for what the missionary schools can do for their children1 have we a right to refuse their request8 ,can we claim freedom from responsibility8 ,rather let us glory in the unparalleled opportunity for giving to the needy children of non-,christian lands that which has proven to be the only true source of mental preparation for life-work1--a ,christian education4 ,hear the testimony of ,dr4 ,f4 ,w4 ,foerster1 author and special lecturer in ,ethics and ,psychology in the ,university of ,zurich1 a man who began his educational work with sympathies strongly socialistic and entirely aloof from all forms of religion4 ,in the author's preface to his book1 8,marriage and the ,sex ,problem10 he speaks with no uncertain sound of his own experience and conviction4 ,sidenote3 ,dr4 ,foerster on ,education and ,christianity4 ,the author of this book comes from the ranks of those who dispense with all religion4 ,but as the result of long experience1 theoretical and practical1 in the difficult work of character-training1 he has been led to realize for himself the deep meaning and the profound pedagogical wisdom of the ,christian method of caring for souls1 and to appreciate1 through his own experience1 the value of the old truths4444 ,he has absolutely no doubt that modern education1 in discovering the extraordinary practical difficulties of character-training1 will be increasingly cured of its optimistic illusions and led back to an understanding and appreciation of ,christianity4 ,how about the children themselves8 ,do they enjoy and appreciate school privileges offered them by the missionaries1 and does the work show results that are worth while8 ,sidenote3 ,kindergarten work in ,japan4 ,if1 as ,miss ,lamson claims1 8the hope of the nations lies in the training of little children10 there is hope for ,japan in the ninety-eight mission kindergartens that are maintained by fourteen ,protestant ,boards and have an enrollment of four thousand and sixty-eight children4 ,the report of the ,kindergarten ,union of ,japan is a most fascinating volume1 with its presentation of opportunity1 need1 method1 and the result of teaching the tiny children who are to be the future parents1 teachers1 and leaders of thought and action in that ,empire4 ,a few extracts will give a little idea of what is being done for the children and through them for their homes and friends4 ,sidenote3 ,a ,japanese teacher on ,christian kindergartens4 ,the kindergarten in our country today is at its most critical stage1 and therefore needs the best and most profound thinkers who can put their ideals into practice most tactfully4 ,this must be accomplished by native ,christian kindergartners4 ,education without religious foundations is like an egg without the germ of life in it4 ,most of our public and government kindergartens1 which have the purely so-called educational views of today1 are leaving the very springs of child life untouched1 and therefore are not fulfilling the real meaning of education4 ,they are not disciples of ,froebel1 because he based his philosophy on the ,christian faith4 7,fuji ,takamori of ,holy ,love ,kindergarten1 ,methodist47 ,sidenote3 ,results of sending the children to kindergarten4 ,a teacher writes1 8,a little girl whose father and mother were ,christians entered our school4 ,at first a little nursemaid brought her1 then her grandmother came with her4 ,this grandmother was a devoted ,buddhist4 ,she would not even look at the foreign teacher1 much less listen to anything being taught1 but at last she began to listen1 and eventually became convinced that she needed ,christ for her ,saviour4 ,today she is a truly converted woman40444 ,the blessing asked at the noon lunch seemed to make a deep impression on some children1 and doing it at home attracts the parents' attention1 so that a number of them have been known to come to the church services to hear more about the meaning of prayer and praise4 7,mrs4 ,a4 ,d4 ,gordon47 ,we are told that the songs1 the games1 the stories1 and sometimes the prayers1 are household exercises in many homes4 ,on a recent morning1 which we spent by invitation of the wife of the ,governor in her garden1 the little son of the family1 not yet of kindergarten age1 took an active part with the other children4 ,his mother told me that the older sister comes home and 8plays kindergarten0 with her small brother1 and that1 when they have guests to entertain1 the children are often called in to give some kindergarten exercise4 ,i did not tell her how strongly ,i disapprove of 8showing off0 children before company4 ,i only prayed that 8a little child might lead them40 7,mrs4 ,genevieve ,f4 ,topping1 of ,morioka ,kindergarten1 ,baptist47 ,an amusing incident happened one day when the children were off on an observation trip4 ,they had to stop to let a detachment of soldiers pass1 and spontaneously burst out singing 8,soldier ,boy1 ,soldier ,boy10 to the great amusement of the soldiers4 ,then they all saluted the officer in proper fashion1 but he only smiled4 8,sensei1 we saluted politely1 why didn't he return the salute80 ,later as the soldiers were drawn up in circular formation on the parade ground1 the children said1 8,oh1 now they are going to play just as we do in kindergarten1 let's watch60 ,so the expedition which started out to study insect life changed into a lesson on soldiers and their absolute obedience to orders4 7,alice ,fyock of ,sendai ,aoba ,yochien1 ,american ,episcopal47 ,sidenote3 ,the call for missionary kindergartners4 ,a similar ,kindergarten ,union is being formed in ,china1 and from all missionary lands comes the urgent cry for trained kindergartners who can not only start schools1 but1 far more than this1 can train native kindergartners to take up the work4 ,it would be hard to overemphasize the importance of this particular service which missions are rendering4 ,sidenote3 ,dr4 ,balliet on the early years of childhood4 ,dr4 ,thomas ,m4 ,balliet of ,new ,york ,university voices the opinion of modern educators when he says1 8,all the more recent studies in child psychology emphasize the great plasticity of the early years of childhood4 ,the habits which the child then forms1 and the attitude both intellectual and emotional which is then given him1 are more lasting and more determining for his adult life than was even suspected some years ago40#fj ,sidenote3 ,why is the ,christian kindergarten needed8 ,after a hasty mental review of what has been studied in earlier chapters regarding the home life and training of little children in non-,christian lands1 it is surely a mild statement to make that the ,christian kindergarten is an absolute necessity if these little ones1 so cunning and capable and helpless1 are to have any chance at all for proper development4 ,the words 8,christian kindergarten0 are used advisedly1 and agree with utterances of experts such as ,elizabeth ,harrison1 who says1-- 8,the foundation of the kindergarten is based upon the psychological revelation that1 if man is the child of ,god1 he must possess infinite possibilities1 and that these possibilities can only develop as he1 man1 makes use of them--that in other words1 man is a self-making being1 that his likeness to the ,divine ,father consists in this power within him to unfold and develop his divine nature40#fa ,sidenote3 ,children of backward races respond to early training4 ,students of primitive and backward races tell us that the small children show as much promise and as many signs of undeveloped capability as do children of civilized lands1 but before many years a cloud seems to overcast their minds1 while selfishness and sin and passion take possession of their moral natures4 ,never again is there the same chance to make them what they might have been1 as there was during those first early days when the kindergarten should have opened wide her doors to receive them4 ,this argument would in itself seem sufficient to urge missionary ,boards to speedy1 thorough action in this matter1 but there is another far-reaching argument to be considered4 ,all through the ,east1 wherever there are missionary kindergartens1 mothers come to them to learn how to train their children1 and countless homes have caught and passed on a reflection of the ,christ life because of what the mothers have heard and observed and what the children have taken home with them4 ,make a flying trip to the ,fuchow ,kindergarten and watch 8the irrepressible ,john40 8,this little lad's father died1 after a period of faithful service in ,miss ,wiley's kitchen1 and when the widowed mother came back to ,miss ,wiley from her country home to earn a living for herself and ,john and baby ,joseph1 ,john was already master of the situation and of his mother1 and enforced his will on that by no means weak-minded woman by kicking1 biting1 pulling her ears1 and similar methods4 ,now ,miss ,wiley is a famous trainer of boys1 and she soon taught the young mother that the masculine will is not necessarily law at the age of two plus2 the kindergarten carried out the same idea1 and now ,john devotes vast energy and determination to the shaping of inanimate clay into pigs and other fascinating things1 and treats animate nature as a well-mannered and kindly little gentleman should40#fb ,sidenote3 ,kindergartners must be inventive and adaptable4 ,it would be most interesting and instructive to make a tour of missionary kindergartens for the purpose of seeing how ingenious our missionary teachers are1 how they adapt ,froebel's ideas and methods to the most extraordinary circumstances which would have made that great educator gasp1 how they must not only translate and adapt songs and tunes and games1 but compose and create and invent1--all in an acquired language which has perhaps been only recently reduced to writing by some pioneer missionary4 ,it might be pertinent to ask if all ,women's ,boards provide the kindergartners and other teachers whom they send to the foreign field with a first-class outfit of all needed material1 and if they remember that such an outfit needs to be replenished at least as often as a similar one does in the home land4 ,it is not fair to require a missionary to make bricks without straw4 ,sidenote3 ,a ,west ,african kindergarten4 ,a visit to a ,west ,african ,kindergarten will show an inventive and adaptable missionary in charge4 ,we have a new primary ,sunday-,school room which will be my kindergarten4 ,it is a low wall covered by a round thatched roof high enough to leave a good big space for air4 ,the floor is mudded and marked in squares4 ,it looks very nice1 but ,i shall take pains to get the cracks filled up1 for they catch too much dirt and jigger seeds4 ,the benches are not yet made1 so the children who were cleaned up for ,sunday went after leaves to sit on4 ,the classes have to go out under trees to separate1 but it is a great improvement upon the dirty and dangerous saw pit where they have met for so long4 ,the only advantage about the saw pit was the roof for shade and pieces of wood and logs to sit upon4 ,the big folks have been getting most of the attention and all of the advantages1 but we feel that the children should have most because they are in the future4 ,they do not show such shining results at once1 but work with them will lay a foundation which is greatly needed here for really effective work4444 ,i have a box cupboard1 a sand table1 two long low tables marked with squares1 and strong benches4 ,i have not much kindergarten material1 but ,i do not need more at present4 ,my first 8gift0 is a basin of water4 ,they march in singing 8,good morning1 kind teacher0 7only ,i am thankful to say the ,umbundu words leave out the 8kind074 ,then we sing another song or two1 and the prayer with bowed heads4 ,i have no music1 so ,i have to learn the tunes myself before ,i come to school4 ,the children are the dearest1 cunning things and they do want to learn4#fc ,sidenote3 ,primitive education among backward nations4 ,there are lands such as large sections of ,africa and many of the ,pacific ,islands where no education whatever existed1 where the language was not even reduced to writing1 until ,christian missionaries began their work4 ,other countries gave a certain so-called education to their boys or to the sons of certain privileged classes1 leaving the girls absolutely illiterate4 ,they agreed in principle if not in expression with that man in the mountains of ,kurdistan who was asked by a missionary to send his bright little daughter down to the mission school at the beginning of the fall term4 8,do you want my girl80 questioned the man in amazement and disgust4 8,why don't you take my cow80 ,again in other sections girls have a brief chance to learn1 but are not expected to keep pace with their brothers or to attain to anything beyond the rudiments of book learning4 ,sidenote3 ,lack of concentration4 ,a missionary educator from ,turkey says that one of the greatest difficulties in school work arises from the fact that the children have no power of concentration1 no idea of how to think and study on one line for any length of time4 ,it often takes five or six years for a child really to learn how to study4 ,obviously1 the earlier these preparatory years occur in a child's life1 the more benefit may he hope to derive from his education4 ,sidenote3 ,evils of the memorizing method4 ,then again1 if children learn their first lessons in the native schools of ,turkey1 ,persia1 ,korea1 and various other countries1 they will become fixed in the habit of memorizing without giving any intelligent thought to what they learn4 ,dr4 ,s4 ,m4 ,zwemer says3 8,a ,moslem lad is not supposed to know what the words and sentences mean which he must recite every day2 to ask a question regarding the thought of the ,koran would only result in a rebuke or something more painful4 ,even grammar1 logic1 history1 and theology are taught by rote in the higher ,mohammedan schools4444 ,thousands of ,moslem lads1 who know the whole ,koran nearly by heart1 cannot explain the meaning of the first chapter in every-day language4 ,tens of thousands can #8read' the ,koran at random in the ,moslem sense of reading1 who cannot read an ,arabic newspaper intelligently40#fd ,how utterly this differs from the theory and practice of ,dr4 ,montessori1 who 8calls a child disciplined who is master of himself1 and therefore able to dispose of or control himself whenever he needs to follow a rule of life4 ,the liberty of the child must have as its limit only the collective interest4 ,to interfere with this spontaneity is1 in ,dr4 ,montessori's view1 perhaps to repress the very essential of life itself40#fe ,how can a child be master of himself who is not even allowed to inquire into the meaning of what he reads and studies8 ,sidenote3 ,old methods hard to discard4 ,it is not always easy for the missionary suddenly to introduce changes of method and practice1 and many a missionary school which is infinitely superior to the native institution might shock an ,american school superintendent beyond recovery4 ,a missionary from ,china wrote1--8,i found ,i must still keep many old methods or the ,chinese would not send their children4 ,i have found it necessary to let them learn portions of ,scripture and classics and shout them at the tops of their voices1 then gradually work in music1 geography1 and arithmetic40 ,another argument for beginning as early as possible with the children who can so easily adapt themselves to ideas of a quiet1 orderly school if they have never enjoyed exercising their lungs in one of the other kind6 ,sidenote3 ,education of girls in ,persia4 ,in speaking of primitive education among backward nations1 mention was made of the scant attention given to girls as compared to boys4 ,the ,london ,times not long ago stated in commenting on the women of ,persia1 8,as a matter of fact1 probably not one girl in a thousand twenty years ago ever received any education4 ,when the parents were rich enough1 tuition of a sort was given at home1 but in the case of poorer persons it was enough if their sons were taught to read and write40 ,in contrast we learn that in the spring of #aiac about one thousand children from ,moslem homes were in attendance at ,protestant missionary schools in ,persia1 over two hundred of them being girls4 ,sidenote3 ,early marriage a barrier to education4 ,in ,mohammedan and other lands the custom of early marriage is an almost insuperable barrier to an adequate education for a girl4 ,that this custom must be changed1 if men are to have worthy wives and if children are to be properly trained1 is a truth that is beginning to be realized4 ,the recent great awakening and desire for education is creating a marvelous change in age-long customs4 ,sidenote3 ,lord ,cromer on conditions in ,egypt4 ,lord ,cromer says3 8,the position of women in ,egypt1 and in ,mohammedan countries generally1 is a fatal obstacle to the attainment of that elevation of thought and character which should accompany the introduction of ,european civilization1 if that civilization is to produce its full measure of beneficial effect4 ,the obvious remedy would appear to be to educate the women4444 ,when the first efforts to promote female education were made1 they met with little sympathy from the population in general4444 ,most of the upper-class ,egyptians were not merely indifferent to female education2 they were absolutely opposed to it4444 8,all this has now been changed4 ,the reluctance of parents to send their daughters to school has been largely overcome4444 ,the younger generation are beginning to demand that their wives shall possess some qualifications other than those which can be secured in the seclusion of the harem40 ,in #aiab ,lord ,kitchener states that 8,there is probably nothing more remarkable in the social history of ,egypt during the last dozen years than the growth of public opinion among all classes of ,egyptians in favor of the education of their daughters4 ,the girls' schools belonging to the ,ministry of ,education are crowded1 and to meet the growing demand sites have been acquired and fresh schools are to be constructed1 one at ,alexandria and two in ,cairo4 ,very many applications have1 however1 to be refused40#ff ,sidenote3 ,mission schools in the lead4 ,to these quotations ,dr4 ,sailer adds the significant words1--8,the missionary schools for girls are yet in the lead in their moral atmosphere4 ,the government officials were prompt in acknowledging that missionary teachers brought to their work a spirit which money could not buy40 ,sidenote3 ,now is the time to educate the future mothers4 ,scant justice can be done in these few pages to the whole vast subject of the education of girls in the ,east1 and the rapid changes that are taking place in regard to it4 ,a careful study of the subject will well repay the thoughtful woman4 ,as all roads lead to ,rome1 so all reading and observation along this line will lead the candid student to one conclusion3--,now is the time to determine the character of the mothers of the next generation of children in non-,christian lands4 ,what those little bright-eyed baby girls of ,africa and ,india1 ,turkey and ,korea are to be and do1 what their homes are to be like1 what start in life their children are to have1 will be largely determined by what we ,christian women do or fail to do for them today4 ,if it is too late to do much for their mothers before these children have left their homes1 why not gather the children into kindergartens and primary schools1 why not teach the little ones now while their minds are plastic and impressionable8 ,why not do our share toward bringing ,christian civilization into darkened lands by educating in ,christian schools today the mothers of tomorrow8 ,sidenote3 ,teaching children to play4 ,in the preceding chapter great emphasis was laid on the necessity for teaching the children of many mission lands how to play1 not only for the benefit of their health and to bring joy and brightness into their lives1 but also in order to teach them what 8fair play0 and co-operation mean4 ,it is the missionary school1 from kindergarten up to university1 that gives the golden opportunity for this teaching1 as is shown by the testimony of a missionary from ,tientsin1 ,china3--8,we believe that such games teach them to be honest in business dealings later1 to be truthful1 unselfish1 quick-witted1 and self-controlled4 ,the change which ,i have seen in these little1 un-taught1 ill-cared-for children after five years in the mission school is due in part1 ,i believe1 to the lessons of #8fair play' learned in their games40 ,but the school must go even further than this and include in its curriculum physical education of a very definite kind if it is to meet all the needs of the children it is serving4 ,taking as an example of all mission lands1 ,china1 whose system of education antedates by many centuries all our western civilization1 let us observe through the eyes of the former physical director of the ,shanghai ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 what the real situation is4 ,sidenote3 ,physical training4 ,physical training should be dignified by giving it an equal place with the sciences1 philosophies1 and languages in the curriculum1 and the same careful provision of means and trained men to direct it4 ,no educational system is adequate which does not aim at the whole man1 which does not recognize the physical basis of intellectual and spiritual efficiency4 ,professor ,tyler of ,amherst says1 8,brain and muscle are never divorced in the action of healthy higher animals and in healthy men4 ,they should not be divorced in the education of the child40444 ,it is clear that physical training1 in the largest sense1 must play an important part in the making of the 8,new ,china40 ,the questions involved in her uplift are most largely physical questions4 ,the personal1 domestic1 and public observance of the laws of health and life is a physical question2 the combating of that terrible scourge1 tuberculosis1 is a physical question2 the checking of the fearful infant mortality is a physical question2 etc4444 ,the progress which has been made in physical training in ,china must be viewed in the light of the fact that physical exercise for its own sake has had no part in the national life of ,china for centuries4 ,it has been considered improper for a ,chinese gentleman to indulge in it4 ,the popular conception of a ,chinese scholar has been that of a man with a great head1 emaciated body1 and hollow chest1 sitting and contemplating the problem of life by thinking dissociated from doing4 ,until ten years ago athletics were almost unknown4 ,when foreigners were seen playing football the ,chinese were greatly puzzled1 and wanted to know how much these men were being paid for cutting up such foolish antics1 conceiving it as out of the question that any one would work so hard without being well paid for it4 ,all that is rapidly being changed4 ,physical training is changing ,china's conception of a gentleman4 ,the ideal of all-round manhood1 well-balanced in its physical1 mental1 and spiritual aspects1 is rapidly gaining ground4#fg ,could all ,china's children today be taught this ideal1 the task would be far easier than it will be when they have reached adult life4 ,sidenote3 8,the athletic method in ,kashmir40 ,the story of the ,missionary ,school for ,boys in ,srinagar1 ,kashmir1 is as thrilling as a novel1 and illustrates to a remarkable degree how body1 mind1 and soul must be trained and disciplined and developed in order to realize the ideal of the ,principal1 the ,rev4 ,c4 ,e4 ,tyndale-,biscoe1 who says1 8,we are making citizens1 of what sort remains to be seen4 ,but we hope without wavering that these citizens will be ,christian citizens1 for ,christ is our ideal40 ,some of the difficulties are thus described3 8,to teach the three ,r's in ,kashmir is easy work4 ,the boys are willing to squat over their books and grind away for as many hours a day as nature makes possible4 ,to get an education means sedentary employment cum rupees4 ,and that to the ,kashmiri is living4 8,but to educate is a very different matter4 ,to make men of a thousand or more boys who care nothing for manliness2 among whose ancestors for hundreds of years1 chicanery1 deceit1 and cruelty had been the recognized and honored paths to success1 while generosity and honesty had been the mark of a fool2 to try to quicken and develop the good in such boys1--boys coming from impure homes1 squatting in unclean rows1 with bent backs and open mouths--was flatly pronounced folly by many a visitor to ,kashmir40#fh ,the story tells how boxing1 swimming1 rowing1 and gymnastics are required of the students as a most necessary and vital part of their education1 and how they are trained to be proud of using these accomplishments in helping others4 ,by the time a ,brahmin boy1--they are almost all ,brahmins in this school1--has saved a child from drowning1 rescued a family of despised sweepers from the roof of their flood-swept house1 delivered a poor woman from being beaten1 and helped clean up the streets and alleys of a city during a cholera epidemic1 he has received an education such as no books in the world can give him1 and ,kashmir is one step nearer to the ,kingdom of ,heaven4 ,sidenote3 ,building a 8great personality40 8,train not thy child10 says ,emerson1 8so that at the age of thirty or forty he shall have to say1 #8,this great work could ,i have done but for the lack of a body4'0 ,elizabeth ,harrison1 after quoting ,emerson1 adds1 8,is not this carelessness as to health one of the ways in which we are not conserving the forces that make for righteousness and truth1 one of the ways in which we are neglecting to build up #8a great personality' in our children80#fi ,up to this point our study of ,the ,child in non-,christian lands has shown that the missionary must touch the home life1 the customs and ideals handed down from remote ancestors1 the play and work and education and physical development of the child1 in order to give him his inalienable rights1 while in the next chapter we shall dwell on his right to know of ,jesus ,christ1 the children's ,friend4 ,it may seem to the reader 7as it does to the writer7 that the chapters overlap one another in spite of the heroic effort to treat each subject by itself4 ,but most of us find1--do we not8--that it is a bit difficult to attend to the spiritual culture of our boys when they are clamoring to go out and play ball1 or to get our little girls to tell what they learned at school1 when they are hungry for their dinner4 ,the mother must train all parts of her child's nature by attending to the need that is uppermost at the time1--the missionary must do the same for her foster children1 and the woman at home1 behind the missionary1 has to recognize the same inseparable inter-relation of body1 mind1 and soul in the little ones of whom she is studying4 ,our divisions into 8subjects0 must be more or less artificial4 ,however1 to this particular subject of 8,the ,child at ,school0 belong naturally two more matters which must be touched on briefly4 ,sidenote3 ,the need for good literature4 ,when the ,turkish girl has learned to read1 when six thousand boys have annually been trained in that great chain of ,anglo-,chinese schools started by the ,methodists in ,malaysia1 when ,korean children have acquired a taste for reading and study1 where are they to find suitable1 interesting books8 ,the ,cyclopedia of ,education pays a wonderful tribute to what one ,book has done for ,korea1 saying that 8the translation of the ,bible into ,korean and its rapid distribution1 and revivals marked with habitual study of the ,bible1 compelled many to learn the alphabet to master a sacred library so rich1 and has constituted a national school of intelligence and culture40 ,but other books than the ,bible must be translated and written in order to give clean1 interesting1 wholesome literature to the children of countless thousands who never had any use for a literature for themselves4 ,as ,miss ,lilian ,trotter of ,algiers says1--8,those who have been patiently toiling over the schooling of ,moslem girls and women begin to feel that the powers of reading gained in school days should be used as a means to an end1 not left to lapse in the first years that ensue for want of following up4 ,letters from the whole reach of the ,moslem world give the same refrain1--the girls drop their reading largely because there is nothing published that interests them4 ,the few upper class women who read1 read little but newspapers and ,french novels4 ,could not some one who understands child minds work out bright beginnings for the use of their waking powers in stories and pictures with colored lettering and borders8 ,easterns must have color to make them happy60#gj ,here is a call to missionary work for some one who never dreamt that her particular literary and artistic talents are absolutely needed today by the children of the ,east4 ,sidenote3 ,industrial training in mission schools4 ,the second matter mentioned above is the need for industrial training4 ,great progress has been made in this respect in recent years1 but much more progress is needed1 and trained teachers and suitable equipment are required4 ,as a missionary in ,persia says when urging that more industrial training be given the school girls1--8,a woman may be able to read1 but1 if unable to bake or prepare a good meal1 her husband will not care if she reads about the ,bread of ,life4 ,she may play the organ1 but1 if she cannot wash1 mend1 make the children's clothes1 and make a happy home1 he will have little interest in hearing her play or sing #8,the ,home over there4'0 ,sidenote3 ,extent of ,american missionary education4 ,there is abundant testimony to prove that ,america is already doing great things in the line of missionary education4 ,here is the testimony of a traveler and newspaper man4 ,the number of mission schools and colleges supported by ,americans with ,american money is nearly as large as that of all the schools conducted by the missionaries of all other countries combined4 ,we have approximately #aj1jjj schools in lands that are not under our flag and from which we receive not a cent of revenue4 ,if a man in quest of material for an ,american educational exhibit were to sail out of ,san ,francisco ,bay with a phonograph recorder1 he would come up on the other side of ,sandy ,hook with a polyglot collection of records that would give the people of the ,united ,states a new conception of their part in the world's advance toward light4 ,his audience might hear a spelling class recite in the tuneful ,hawaiian tongue or listen to ,moros1 ,tagalogs1 and ,igorrotes reading from the same 8,mc,guffey's ,reader40 ,a change of records might bring the sound of little ,japanese reciting geography1 or of ,chinese repeating the multiplication table in a dozen dialects4 ,another record would tell in quaint ,siamese the difference between a transitive or an intransitive verb1 or conjugate the verb 8to be0 in any one of the languages of ,india4 ,one might hear a professor from ,pennsylvania lecturing on anatomy to a class of young men in the ancient kingdom of ,darius2 or a young woman from ,massachusetts explaining the mysteries of an eclipse to a group of girls in ,constantinople2 or a ,princeton man telling in ,arabic the relation between a major and a minor premise4 ,and when the audience had listened to all this and to 8,my country1 'tis of thee0 in ,eskimo and in ,spanish1 the exhibit of ,american teaching would have only begun4#ga ,sidenote3 ,languages used4 ,one ,american ,mission ,board alone 7the ,presbyterian7 uses the following languages and dialects in its educational institutions3--,arabic1 ,armenian1 ,beng1 ,bulu1 ,english1 ,fang1 ,french1 ,german1 ,hainanese1 ,hakka1 ,hindi1 ,italian1 ,japanese1 ,korean1 ,laos1 ,mandarin 7and many dialects in our eight ,china missions2 the dialects of ,china are as diverse as the languages of ,europe71 ,marathi1 ,mpongwe1 ,persian1 ,portuguese1 ,punjabi1 ,sanscrit1 ,siamese1 ,spanish1 ,syriac1 ,tagalog1 ,turkish1 ,urdu1 ,visayan4#gb ,sidenote3 ,where shall we put the emphasis8 ,but in spite of all that is being done1 we continue to make our plea for the little children4 ,whatever emphasis may be laid on the need for boarding schools1 colleges1 normal1 and industrial training schools1 let us remember that those who are taught while small will make the most hopeful students in these more advanced schools1 and the best workers in the future4 ,sidenote3 ,how missionary schools lead children to ,christ4 ,how quickly and easily and naturally the little ones learn of ,jesus1 the children's ,friend1 and their relation to ,him1 we have already seen illustrated in the kindergarten work of ,japan4 ,a little six-year-old ,greek boy in ,syria1 who had attended the missionary kindergarten1 spent the summer in the mountains and became dreadfully wild and profane4 ,on his return to school the teacher asked why he had been so naughty4 ,he replied1 8,i didn't pray during the summer4 ,now ,i'm going to pray and be a good boy40 ,to ,mrs4 ,pitcher of ,amoy we owe the following incident3-- ,a scholar in one of our schools1 whose relatives were all idol worshippers and very ignorant1 was led to give her heart to ,jesus1 and became a most active little ,christian2 but one day she was taken very ill with plague1 and during her last hours she was so happy singing hymns she had learned at school and telling her parents and old grandmother about the ,home beyond1 where she would soon be with the ,lord1 that all that heathen family were led by this dying child to believe in a ,god of love1 who could so comfort ,his little child1 and save her from the terror and dread of the many evil spirits in whom they had blindly trusted4#gc ,sidenote3 ,mission school children in after-life4 ,this chapter cannot end before we follow into their later life some of the children whose early and perhaps whose only education was received in missionary schools4 8,the home in ,syria whose mother was taught in a school can always be distinguished at a glance1 whether it belongs to the ,protestant community or to one of the old ,christian sects4 ,neatness and good taste prevail1 the children are more carefully trained1 the members of the family work for each other's benefit4 ,one of our school girls1 who was married to an uneducated man1 told us years after3 #8,letter by letter ,i taught him to read1 figure by figure ,i taught him arithmetic1 and then ,i drew him down upon his knees and word by word ,i taught him to pray4'0#gd ,sidenote3 ,boys of ,west ,africa4 ,from the ,spirit of ,missions we quote the following about the boys at ,cape ,mount1 ,west ,africa3-- 8,these people can be reached by ,christianity best in their childhood1 before superstitions1 belief in the ,gregre1 or the influence of the life of a ,mohammedan has become grafted into their lives4 ,if allowed to grow up in their native villages they often become leaders of tribal wars1 and1 unknowingly1 men of the vilest character4 ,in one tribe from which several boys are at the mission1 the mother tattoos curious marks on the forehead of her babe1 in order that if during war he is captured and in after years she becomes able to redeem him from slavery1 she may be able to recognize her own child4 ,with the influence and training of a ,christian mission1 even though the boys go back to native life1 they do not go back to all of its vileness1 and one can soon distinguish between them and the un-,christianized heathen40 ,it takes faith and hope and love and a vision far into the future to teach boys like these4 ,but it pays1 and the 8bread cast on the waters0 is often found again in most unlikely places1 such as those described in a letter from ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,johnson of ,west ,africa3-- 8,everywhere ,i find in the village schools sources of ,christian influence4 ,in one village where ,i stayed all night1 all of the boys and all but two of the women were ,christians4 ,this was entirely the work of ,christian school boys4 ,in another place a young man told me that there were only two young men in the community who were not trying to lead ,christian lives4 ,this too was the work of the ,christian school boys40 ,sidenote3 ,a few months at school and what they accomplished4 ,a little ,mohammedan girl attended for a very few months the mission day school in a near-by city street4 ,her cruel step-mother persecuted her bitterly1 throwing her school books on the floor and trampling them under foot to show her contempt of ,christian learning4 ,some kind friend at the school gave the child forty cents1--unheard-of wealth to the little one1--and the missionary suggested that a teacher should help the child spend it for something she greatly needed before the mother could take it away4 8,no10 said the little girl1 8,i don't want to spend it in that way4 ,i want to give it all to the ,lord and then ,i shall have treasure in heaven4 ,i learned that at school40 ,she was married1--without any choice in the matter1--to a man who had known ,christians and was favorable to them1 and the little wife lived a consistent ,christian life and died trusting in ,christ as her ,saviour4 ,only a few months at school for a few hours of each day1 but they made all the difference for time and for eternity6 ,how many children are having such an opportunity because of us and our missionary society8 ,how many are deprived of the opportunity because it is 8not our business0 to help them realize the truth of what was said in days of old1--8,wisdom is the principal thing1 therefore get wisdom4 ,the fear of the ,lord is the beginning of wisdom40 ,,quotations ,,educational ,,work ,,in ,,siam ,american missionaries were the pioneers in true educational work in ,siam4 ,they gave to ,siam its first real school4 ,they aided ,siam in establishing the ,government ,educational system1 and encouraged the ,department of ,education to establish normal training schools4 ,they introduced the printing press into ,siam1 made the first ,siamese type1 and taught ,siam the art of printing4 ,american missionaries gave ,siam its first newspaper in the ,siamese language1 and gave the first ,geography1 ,astronomy1 ,anatomy1 and ,physiology1 ,chemistry1 ,arithmetic1 and ,geometry in the ,siamese language4 ,when the ,king of ,siam made the first move for the establishment of a school system over ,siam1 he placed an ,american missionary at the head of the work4 ,the present ,minister of ,education was at one time pupil of a missionary1 later on he became fellow student of one of the missionaries in ,sanscrit1 and still consults the missionaries on educational questions and literary subjects4 ,in the past twenty-five years the ,presbyterian ,mission at ,siam has received more money from the ,siamese king1 princes1 nobles1 and common people for the maintenance of educational work1 than it has received from the ,presbyterian ,church in ,america4 7,educational ,work of the ,bd4 ,for4 ,miss4 of the ,pres4 ,ch47 ,,persian ,,schools ,an ,english boy learns to read his own language first1 and does not always go on to a foreign language4 ,a ,persian boy learns to read a foreign language first1 and does not always go on to his own language4 ,when a little ,persian boy goes to school he is given a big ,arabic book1 with a great many long words in it1 and he is not taught how the words are spelt1 but is told what they are1 and made to repeat them from memory1 pointing to each word in the book as he says it1 and gradually he gets some idea of which word is which4444 ,the ,mohammedans think that reading the ,koran1 quite apart from understanding it1 is a very good action1 so the little ,persian boys work away at it1 and they do not think it hard lines because all men and big boys began in the same way1 so it seems the natural thing to do4 ,and perhaps it is a little consolation to know that when they reach certain points they will be given sweets4 ,one little boy who was asked how far he had got in the ,koran1 said that he had just got his first sweets4 ,having finished the ,koran1 our little ,persian boy goes on to ,persian books4 ,these1 too1 he studies in much the same way as he did the ,koran1 but it is more useful1 because now he understands what he reads4 ,after plodding through the ,koran it is a pleasant change for little ,ghulam ,husain to turn to the 8,war between the ,cats and ,mice0 or the 8,hundred ,fables40 ,later on he reads the poems of ,hafiz and ,sa'adi1 and other great ,persian poets4 ,the ,persians do not apparently think much of their own system of education1 for they are always laughing at their schoolmasters4 ,they have a story of a charvadar1 or muleteer1 one of whose mules strayed one day into a school4 ,it was quickly driven out1 and the muleteer claimed damages to the extent of half the value of a mule4 ,the schoolmaster indignantly asked on what he based his claim4 ,the muleteer turned to the crowd which had gathered to listen to the argument4 8,my beast10 said he1 8went into his school a mule and it has come out a donkey40 ,you see1 a donkey counts half a mule in caravan traveling1 just as child counts half a person in train traveling4 ,when a boy is caned in punishment he lies on his back and holds out his feet instead of his hands4 ,sometimes his feet are held in a kind of stocks while he is caned across the soles4 ,they call it 8eating sticks0 or 8eating wood40 7,mrs4 ,napier ,malcolm in 8,children of ,persia407 ,illustration3 ,a ,,persian ,,boys' ,,school ,,and ,,the ,,favorite ,,mode ,,of ,,punishment ,,education1 ,,bulu ,,tribe1 ,,africa ,there is no more extraordinary feature of the work among the ,bulu than the readiness with which this little forest creature submits himself to the discipline of school4 ,from a heritage of liberty he comes to knock at the ,mission door and to set his little jiggered feet upon the new way of order4 ,he who came and went at will keeps the commandments of the school drum4 ,he who has been bred to inter-tribal hatred eats out of the pot with his hereditary enemy4 ,he earns his food in all honor under the ,mission law of labor4 ,he permits himself to be 8tied0 with 8ten tyings0 to a standard of conduct which is the reverse of his racial standards4 ,in the rude school house1 with his alphabet before him1 or in the open1 cutlass in hand1 he performs daily acts of order and discipline1 and these little tasks are regenerative4 ,his little sister is beside him and subjected to the same process4 ,the presence of the ,mission in a ,bulu community is a great blessing to a little girl4 ,it is a kind of sanctuary and a police patrol4 ,i cannot think that you would like to know from what perils it saves her4444 ,such little girls1 following in the paths after their brothers1 have come to own a slate1 to own a primer1 to ply a needle1 to sleep at night in peace under a ,christian thatch and in innocent company4 78,other ,children0 by ,jean ,mackenzie1 ,wom4 ,for4 ,miss4 ,soc4 ,pres47 ,a ,,girls' ,,school ,,in ,,the ,,kurdish ,,mountains ,ever since coming here ,i have talked to both men and women1 as occasion offered1 about the folly of not allowing girls to learn anything4 ,when ,i felt pretty sure of two little girls1 ,i announced one ,sunday to the women who were gathered in my room that on ,thursday ,i should begin a girls' school for any who cared to come4 ,what was my surprise and delight on ,thursday to have one of the ,kashas 7,old ,church pastors7 come bringing1 not two but four little girls who promptly walked up to me and kissed my hand4 ,the next day another1 who had not heard of the school the first day1 came4 ,after three days one girl disappeared4 ,on ,saturday ,i visited her home and found they were keeping her to work1 and this1 according to my idea of the circumstances1 seemed very unnecessary1 for ,i keep them only two hours a day at present4 ,when ,i expostulated with the father1 he said1 8,why should ,i take the trouble to let her go to school1 when after a little time ,i'll marry her into some other family80 ,here girls are married very young1 at twelve years1 many of them4 ,all ,i could say was of no avail4 ,during all this conversation poor ,rachel sat between us1 the tears running down her face1 and saying repeatedly1 8,father1 let me go40 ,the father was too selfish to be moved by her pleadings4 7,letter from ,mrs4 ,e4 ,w4 ,mc,dowell47 ,,bible ,,reading ,,teaching ,,the ,,children ,deut4 #aa3ah-ba with #b;d ,tim4 #a3e and #c3ad-ag4 ,the natural1 constant teaching of ,god's commandments in the daily life of the home by parents and grandparents will prepare the children to lead prosperous1 successful1 useful lives4 ,what is learned in childhood 8furnishes0 the man or woman for life4 8,therefore if to the goodness of nature be joined the wisdom of the teacher in leading young wits into a right and plain way of learning1 surely children1 kept up in ,god's fear1 and governed by ,his grace1 may most easily be brought well to serve ,god and country both by virtue and wisdom40 7,roger ,ascham in the year #aegj47 ,,prayer ,o ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 ,thou ,child of ,bethlehem1 bless1 we beseech ,thee1 the children gathered in ,christian schools2 may they be truthful1 pure1 obedient1 and ever ready to do their duty in that state of life to which ,thou shalt be pleased to call them1 ,who livest and reignest with the ,father and ,holy ,ghost1 one ,god1 world without end4 ,amen4 ,,questions #a4 ,give five reasons for multiplying kindergartens and primary schools in non-,christian lands4 #b4 ,in the missionary ,forward ,movement in ,china1 should the emphasis in advance educational work be put on primary or on secondary education8 #c4 ,give the reasons for and against an increase in ,missionary educational work in ,japan4 ,what is your personal opinion on the subject8 #d4 ,should the missionary teacher aim to secure a large number of scholars1 or to give more time and personal attention to a few8 ,give your reasons for your answer4 #e4 ,if you were facing a school of fifty little children who had absolutely no idea of education1 cleanliness1 manners1 morals1 or ,christianity1 what would you try to teach them during the first week8 ,how would you go about it8 7,this takes it for granted that you know their language47 ,,bibliography4 ,,chapter ,,iv4 ,the ,school and the ,child1 ,john ,dewey4 ,stages in ,missionary ,education1 ,t4 ,h4 ,p4 ,sailer1 ,woman's ,work1 ,sept41 #aiab4 ,christian ,missions and ,social ,progress1 ,j4 ,s4 ,dennis4 7,revell7 vol4 ii4 8,on the ,education of ,backward ,races10 ,e4 ,w4 ,coffin1 ,pedagogical ,seminary1 ,march1 #aijh4 ,report on ,educational ,work of ,bd4 ,for4 ,miss4 of ,pres4 ,ch4 ,daylight in the ,harem1 ,van ,sommer and ,zwemer1 7,revell47 ,children of ,persia1 ,mrs4 ,napier ,malcolm1 7,oliphant1 ,anderson ,ferrier47 ,education of ,girls in ,persia1 ,moslem ,world1 ,oct41 #aiab4 ,the ,education of the ,women of ,india1 ,m4 ,g4 ,gowan1 7,revell47 ,modern ,india1 ,sir ,j4 ,d4 ,rees1 7,george ,allen and ,sons47 ,the ,athletic ,method in ,kashmir1 ,henry ,forman1 ,outlook1 ,sept4 #bd1 #aiaj4 ,village ,life in ,china1 ,arthur ,h4 ,smith1 7,revell47 ,the ,education of ,chinese ,women1 ,margaret ,burton4 ,possibilities of the ,kindergarten in ,china1 ,l4 ,pearl ,boggs1 ,child ,welfare ,magazine1 ,feb41 #aiac4 8,the ,opportunity and ,need for the ,mission ,school in ,china40 ,f4 ,l4 ,hawks ,pott1 ,d4,d41 ,intern'l ,review of ,missions1 ,oct41 #aiab4 ,report of the ,kindergarten ,union of ,japan4 ,fifteen ,years among the ,top-,knots1 ,mrs4 ,underwood1 7,am4 ,tract ,soc47 ,the ,land of the ,white ,helmet1 ,edgar ,allen ,forbes1 7,revell47 ,,leaflets ,into a ,new ,life ,woman's ,board of ,missions ,kwuli1 a ,south ,sea ,maid of the ,congregational ,the ,story of ,aghavnitza ,church4 ,the ,children's ,gardens ,the ,story of the ,imadegawa ,kindergarten ,the ,cesarea ,kindergarten ,coral ,island ,brownies ,ling ,te's ,letter ,woman's ,foreign ,missionary ,society of the ,presbyterian ,church4 ,the ,new ,persia ,board of ,foreign ,missions of the ,presbyterian ,church4 ,our ,investments in ,india ,woman's ,board of ,foreign ,schools in the ,arcot ,mission1 ,missions of the ,reformed ,india ,church in ,america4 ,hindu ,girls' ,school in ,arcot ,mission ,key to ,hindu ,homes ,educational ,work in ,japan ,from ,kindergarten to ,college ,woman's ,foreign ,missionary ,a ,peep into ,yokohama ,society of the ,methodist ,day ,schools ,episcopal ,church4 ,a ,school ,day at ,aoyama ,luchmi ,how ,orthodox ,mohammedans ,board of ,foreign ,missions of the ,educate a ,child ,reformed ,church in ,america4 ,messages to ,mass4 from ,woman's ,universalist ,missionary ,blackmer ,home1 #aiab ,society of ,massachusetts4 ,story of ,matsu ,koyama ,midori ,kindergarten ,concerning the ,blackmer ,woman's ,national ,missionary ,home ,association1 ,universalist4 ,,footnotes3 #ea ,told in 8,among the ,top-,knots10 ,mrs4 ,underwood 7,am4 ,tract ,soc47 #eb ,told in ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,nov41 #aiaa4 #ec 8,foreign ,mail ,annual10 #aiac1 ,for4 ,dep4 ,int4 ,com4 ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a4 #ed ,pedagogical ,seminary1 ,march1 #aijh1 8,on the ,education of ,backward ,races40 #ee ,edited by ,paul ,monroe1 #aiab4 7,macmillan47 #ef ,life and ,light1 ,oct41 #aiab4 #eg ,woman's ,work1 ,aug41 #aiaa4 ,cora ,c4 ,bartlett4 #eh ,told by ,miss ,a4 ,w4 ,stocking in ,moslem ,world1 ,oct41 #aiab4 #ei ,congregationalist and ,christian ,world1 ,dec4 #bf1 #aiab4 #fj 8,kindergartens and #8,near ,kindergartens1'0 ,child ,welfare ,magazine1 ,sept41 #aiab4 #fa 8,mountain ,tops and ,valleys of ,humanity10 ,child ,welfare ,magazine1 ,dec41 #aiab4 #fb 8,the ,children's ,gardens10 ,woman's ,board of ,missions1 7,cong47 #fc ,life and ,light1 ,march1 #aiab4 ,janette ,e4 ,miller4 #fd 8,how ,orthodox ,mohammedans ,educate a ,child40 ,bd4 of ,for4 ,miss4 ,ref4 ,ch4 #fe 8,the ,montessori ,system10 ,theodate ,l4 ,smith4 7,harper47 #ff 8,education of ,girls in the ,levant40 ,t4 ,h4 ,p4 ,sailer in ,woman's ,work1 ,aug41 #aiab4 #fg 8,physical ,training for the ,chinese40 ,m4 ,j4 ,exner1 ,m4,d4 #fh 8,the ,athletic ,method in ,kashmir10 ,henry ,forman in ,outlook1 ,sept4 #bd1 #aiaj4 #fi 8,mountain ,tops and ,valleys of ,humanity10 ,child ,welfare ,magazine1 ,jan41 #aiac4 #gj 8,daylight in the ,harem40 #ga 8,the ,land of the ,white ,helmet10 ,e4 ,a4 ,forbes4 7,revell47 #gb 8,educational ,work of the ,bd4 ,for4 ,miss4 of the ,pres4 ,ch40 #gc 8,a ,little ,child ,shall ,lead ,them40 ,wom4 ,bd4 ,for4 ,miss4 ,ref4 ,ch4 ,am4 #gd 8,home ,life in ,syria10 ,elfreda ,post1 ,wom4 ,pres4 ,bd4 ,for4 ,miss4 ,,chapter ,v4 ,,the ,,child ,,at ,,worship 8,suffer the little children to come unto ,me40 ,children worshiping--,the child at worship in ,thibet--,in ,india--,in ,mohammedan ,lands--,in ,africa--,religious needs greater than all others--,the place of the child in non-,christian religions--,in the ,koran--,in the ,hindu ,vedas and ,shastras--,confucianism and ,christianity--,failure of non-,christian religions to influence lives for righteousness--,religious acts and their results to children--,temple girls of ,india--,heathen mothers and their dead children--,only the ,bible gives the child a place--,the motive for teaching the children about ,christ--,the means to be used--,sunday-,schools--,christian ,endeavor ,societies--,the power of ,god's ,word--,christian hymns--,obstacles to bringing children to ,christ--8,after many days0--,our great privilege4 ,sidenote3 ,children worshiping4 ,what wonderful pictures flash before the mind as one repeats the words1 8,the ,child at ,worship06 ,the picture1 familiar to childhood1 of the boy ,samuel1 kneeling in the temple with folded hands and uplifted eyes2 the picture on the nursery wall of vested choir boys or earnest-faced children singing praises in the sanctuary2 the bowed heads of little ones in the primary room at ,sunday-,school1 while with hushed voices they sing their prayer song2 the hour far back in childhood when you knelt at your mother's knee2 or the sweet moment when your sleepy baby cuddled in your arms and learned to lisp1 8,now ,i lay me40 ,all that is sweetest1 purest1 holiest in childhood seems to find full expression and highest reality as we see the child at worship1 for 8except ye turn and become as little children1 ye shall in no wise enter into the kingdom of heaven1 444 for their angels do always behold the face of my ,father which is in heaven40 ,sidenote3 ,the ,child at ,worship in ,thibet4 ,the ,child at ,worship6 ,far off in distant ,thibet today thousands of children are praying morning1 noon1 and night1 joining their parents in the constant repetition of one six-syllabled sentence1 8,om mani padme ,hum0 78,om6 the ,jewel in the ,lotus6 ,hum067 ,this prayer they are taught from earliest childhood to use as 8a panacea for all evils1 a compendium of all knowledge1 a treasury of all wisdom1 a summary of all religion40 ,it is engraved on the outside of metal cylinders1 written on rolls within rolls of paper inserted into the cylinders1 which are held in the right hand and whirled round and round like a child's toy1--each revolution storing up merit to the worshipper4 ,but alack6 if the careless boy whirls the prayer cylinder in the wrong direction1 i4e41 not with the sun1 he is adding to the debit side of his account1 and the more zealously he 8prays10 the less good will his prayers do him4#ge 8,they think they shall be heard for their much speaking40 ,sidenote3 ,the ,child at ,worship in ,india4 ,the ,child at ,worship in ,india6 8,all the way up the bank they are killing and skinning their goats4 ,you look to the right and put your hands over your eyes4 ,you look to the left1 and do it again4 ,you look straight in front of you and see an extended skinned victim hung from the branch of a tree4 ,every hanging rootlet of the great banyan-tree is hung with horrors1--all dead most mercifully1 but horribly still4444 8,we see little children watching the process delightedly4 ,there is no intentional cruelty1 for the god will not accept the sacrifice unless the head is severed by a single stroke4 ,but it is most disgusting and demoralizing4 ,and to think that these children are being taught to connect it with religion6 8,with me is one who used to enjoy it all4 ,she tells me how she twisted the fowls' heads off with her own hands4 ,i look at the fine little brown hands1 and ,i can hardly believe it4 #8,you1 you1 do such a thing6' ,and she says1 #8,yes2 when the day came round to sacrifice to our family divinity my little brother held the goat's head while my father struck it off1 and ,i twisted the chickens' heads4 ,it was my pleasure4'0#gf ,truly1 8the dark places of the earth are full of the habitations of cruelty60 ,sidenote3 ,the ,mohammedan ,child at ,worship4 ,the ,mohammedan ,child at ,worship6 ,from the minaret of the ,sunni ,mosque or the roof of the ,shi'ite ,mosque sounds the call to prayer4 ,children of seven or older are supposed to join their elders in obeying the summons five times a day1--in the early dawn1 at noon1 two hours before sunset1 at sunset1 and two hours later4 ,the religious law1 however1 provides that no child shall be beaten for neglecting his prayer until he is ten years of age4 ,praying1 however1 is not as easy a task for the ,mohammedan lad as for his ,thibetan cousin4 ,he must first wash his face1 hands1 and arms1 feet1 and legs1 learning which side of the face1 which hand and foot to wash first1 whether the arms should be stroked from the wrist to the elbow or in the opposite direction4 ,his prayer will not count before the great 8,allah0 if the ablutions are not correct4 ,then he must learn the words of the prayers1 and these are in ,arabic1 which three-fourths of the ,mohammedan children of the world cannot understand4 ,turning toward ,mecca1 he must stand1 kneel1 and bow himself with his forehead to the ground1 at just the proper intervals during the prayer4 ,at the age of twelve he begins to observe the month of ,ramazan1 and his nine-year-old sister must do the same1 when from sunrise to sunset no morsel of food or drop of drink may cross their lips4 8,is such the fast that ,i have chosen8 wilt thou call this a fast and an acceptable day unto ,jehovah80 ,with deep insight into the truth has ,mrs4 ,malcolm said3-- 8,here again we see ,mohammed giving his people what we may call #8nursery rules1' treating them as children1 while our ,master expects us to grow up so that we can arrange these matters for ourselves4 ,the very fact that the detailed rules of ,mohammedanism are binding through life shows that the ,mohammedan is not expected to grow up as we understand growing up40#gg ,sidenote3 ,the ,african ,child at ,worship4 ,once more the ,child at ,worship1 this time in the ,african jungle6 8,ancestor-worship is the highest form of ,african ,fetishism1--the usual fetish is the skull of the father1 which the son keeps in a box4 ,the father occasionally speaks to the son in dreams1 and frequently communicates with him by omens4 ,he helps him in all his enterprises1 good and evil1 and secures his success in love1 in hunting1 and in war4 ,all those who have skulls are a secret society1 which is powerful to rule and to tyrannize over others4 ,young boys are initiated into this society by rites and ceremonies that are revolting4444 ,in the mild ceremony of the more civilized ,fang towns1 the boy who is to be initiated is made very drunk and taken blindfolded to the bush1 to a place set apart for the use of the society4 ,the ceremony continues several days4 ,in one part of it the bandage is removed from his eyes at midnight1 a low fire is burning1 which gives a feeble light1 and he finds himself surrounded by members of the society with faces and bodies frightfully distorted1 and all the skulls of their ancestors exposed to view1 together with the heads of persons who have recently died4 ,some one asks him what he sees4 ,he replies that he sees only spirits1 and solemnly declares that these are not men4444 8,further up the river1 a boy during initiation is usually placed for several days in a house alone1 after being made to look so long at the sun that sometimes he faints1 and when he is taken into the house he cannot at first see anything4 ,meantime the door is closed1 and they all go away4 ,gradually he sees things around him1 and at length discovers opposite him a corpse1 in an early state of decomposition4 ,he is kept there day and night during the ceremony4 ,the men visit him and subject him to all sorts of indignities1 in order to impress him with the necessity of absolute obedience to the society4444 ,they believe that the skull of the father or other ancestor1 when it has been properly prepared1 becomes the residence of the ancestor4 ,the son 444 will keep the skull comfortably warm and dry1 occasionally rubbing it with oil and red-wood powder1 and will feed it bountifully40#gh ,sidenote3 ,religious needs greater than all others in non-,christian lands4 ,our hearts are touched by the child in its helplessness1 by the suffering and sorrow of neglected little ones1 by the agonies of child wives and widows1 and the yearning cry for teachers and books1 but how can we endure it when all that is sweetest and holiest and best in the beautiful child heart is defiled and polluted in the name of religion2 when senseless repetition in an unknown tongue takes the place of the trustful words1 8,our ,father02 when sticks and stones1 ancestral tablets1 spirits and devils are worshipped by those to whom the ,christ cries out in yearning love1 8,suffer the little children to come unto ,,me08 ,if our hearts are touched1 not to the breaking point1 but to the acting point1 then these horrors must cease1 and the children will be taught to worship aright1 and ,christ 8shall see of the travail of ,his soul and shall be satisfied40 ,sidenote3 ,the place of the child in non-,christian religions4 8,the people in the country from which you have come have a religion of their own1 is it not good enough for them8 ,why should you insult them by trying to foist your religion upon them80 ,these and many similar questions meet the missionary on furlough1 and cause her more woe than does many a hard experience on the mission field4 ,the best answer to such questions is to induce the questioners to study carefully what the non-,christian religions have to say regarding children1 and the direct result of their systems on child life4 ,sidenote3 ,in the ,koran4 ,a careful search in the ,koran1 the sacred book of the ,mohammedans1 is rewarded by finding several passages strictly enjoining kindness and justice to orphans1 and a set of minute regulations regarding inheritance in which children1 parents1 husbands1 and wives shall share1 prefaced by these words3 8,god hath thus commanded you concerning your children10 and followed up later by the remark3 8,ye know not whether your parents or your children be of greater use unto you40 7,sura ,,iv47 8,children10 says ,rev4 ,s4 ,m4 ,zwemer1 8are scarcely mentioned in the ,koran2 of such is not the ,kingdom of ,islam40 ,sidenote3 ,in ,hindu ,vedas4 8,the ,hindu ,vedas enjoin that by a girl1 or by a young woman1 or by a woman advanced in years1 nothing must be done1 even in her own dwelling place1 according to her mere pleasure2 in childhood a female must be dependent on 7or subject to7 her father2 in youth1 on her husband2 her lord being dead1 on her sons2 a woman must never seek independence40 7,manu ,v1 #aeh47 ,sidenote3 ,in ,hindu ,shastras4 8,the ,hindu ,shastras have made no provisions of affection and regard for a daughter4 ,she is viewed by them1 as far as her parents are concerned1 merely as an object to be #8given away1' and that as soon as possible4 ,she is declared by them to be marriageable1 even in her infancy1 to a person of any age2 and of course without her own choice or intelligent consent4444 ,according to the letter of the law1 the parents are not to sell their daughters1 but they may receive valuable gifts1 the equivalent of a price1 on her behalf40 7,manu ,,iii1 #ea47gi ,the code of ,manu further teaches that by honoring his mother a son gains the terrestrial world1 by honoring his father1 the ethereal1--intermediate1--and by assiduous attention to his preceptor1 even the celestial world of ,brahma4#hj ,how different are the words of the ,apostle ,paul regarding the relation between parents and children4 8,fathers1 provoke not your children that they be not discouraged4 ,children1 obey your parents in the ,lord4 ,honor thy father and thy mother1 which is the first commandment with promise40 ,sidenote3 ,confucianism and ,christianity4 ,the ,right ,reverend ,logan ,h4 ,roots1 ,bishop of ,hankow1 has illustrated so forcibly the difference in the practical working out of the precepts of ,confucianism and ,christianity1 that it is well worth while to quote him at length4 ,in conversation with a group of ,chinese gentlemen some time ago1 ,i made the remark that outside the ,jewish and ,christian religions there was no serious recognition of the inherent dignity of children1 and that no sage had ever made a statement comparable to that of our ,lord4--8,suffer the little children to come unto me and forbid them not1 for of such is the ,kingdom of ,heaven40 ,such a remark as this on my part would have elicited scarcely any interest a few years ago4 ,the warm discussion it aroused this time was a sign of the new life that is now stirring among the ,chinese4 ,the keenest of these gentlemen were in sympathy with ,christianity1 but they were all inclined to look upon ,confucianism as a real preparation for ,christianity1 and one after another brought forth sayings of the ,confucian sages which they thought could be reasonably compared to that of ,christ4 ,they quoted the praises of ,king ,wen in the 8,great ,learning10 where it is said1 8,as a father he rested in kindness02 the sayings of ,confucius himself in the 8,analects0 as to his own wish3 8,in regard to the young1 treat them tenderly02 the advice to a ruler in 8,the ,great ,learning03 8,act as though you were watching over an infant02 and the fine saying of ,mencius3 8,the great man is he who does not lose his child's heart40444 ,the eagerness of these gentlemen in discussing the question with me1 to find a place for their worthies in the ample folds of ,christian teaching is far from unwholesome or blameworthy1 especially when there is such readiness as they showed to appeal to ,christian teaching rather than to the sages as their standard1 and to prove the greatness of their sages by their agreement with the ,christ4444 ,my purpose1 however1 is not to give an exposition of these classical gems1 but rather to contrast them briefly with certain popular ,chinese conceptions of childhood which are foolish or cruel1 but which these lofty sayings of the sages have been powerless to correct4 ,should a child fall ill1 his relatives or friends very likely remark1 8,his spirit has gone seeking another incarnation40 ,or some one suggests1 8,some ghost has frightened the child to the point of losing its soul40444 ,should the child die1 the parents will grieve as surely and as sorely as parents any where2 but 444 they will be told1 8,never mind1 the child was misguided to your home1 and was not intended for you40 ,or1 8,it was only a creditor collecting a debt you owed in a former existence40 ,or1 8,don't grieve1 it was but one of those demon spirits that always die young40444 ,i put these popular sayings beside the exalted sentiments of the ,chinese ,classics1 not to disparage the sages1 but to show how utterly dark the popular mind is1 in spite of these sayings which seem so full of light4 ,is not the difficulty that the sages after all could not go to the root of the matter8 ,they knew nothing of ,god as ,father4#ha ,sidenote3 ,failure to influence lives for righteousness4 ,what is here illustrated of the failure of ,confucianism to influence lives toward righteousness and faith is true of the other non-,christian religions4 ,even the young ,mohammedan girl realized the power and claim of ,christianity as she was a chance listener to the ,gospel story while a missionary toured in central ,persia4 8,why1 lady10 she exclaimed1 8if one understands clearly that ,book1 there is nothing left but to obey60 ,the direct results of the way children are taught to worship in non-,christian lands deserve careful1 unprejudiced study1 with the question constantly in mind1 8,is this religion good enough for my children1 or for those in whom ,i am interested80 ,if the study results in a negative answer to the question1 it is fair to ask further1 8,is it good enough for any children in the whole wide world80 ,sidenote3 ,result to the child of religious acts4 ,what should be the results1 physical1 mental1 moral1 and spiritual1 of a child's religious acts8 ,which of all the world religions produces these results8 ,study ,mohammedanism1 for instance1 of which we have already noted some of the religious acts expected of the child4 ,these must necessarily inculcate formalism1 thoughtless repetition1 deep-rooted superstition1 and the idea that ,god can be appeased and sin can be forgiven through certain acts unconnected with life and character4 8,when ,i die10 said a poor1 blind ,mohammedan girl1 8,i shall be visited by two angels1 the chief of whom will make an examination of my deeds1 and remind me of everything ,i have done1 and left undone2 he will then cut off a piece of my shroud and record upon it my good and bad deeds1 and attach it firmly to my neck with a piece of rope4 ,if my good deeds outweigh my bad ones1 ,i shall go straight into heaven4 ,if my bad deeds outweigh my good deeds1 my intercessor ,mohammed will easily get permission for me to enter heaven1 so it does not much matter how ,i live40#hb ,sidenote3 ,mohammedan month of mourning4 ,the annual month of mourning of the ,shi'ite ,mohammedans is observed by children as well as by adults1 and little ones with their heads covered with straw or ashes1 or wearing chains1 are borne on horseback in the processions that close the series of passion plays4 ,a missionary in ,persia saw a mother carrying her boy of five or six years in the bloody procession1 cutting his head with a curved sword1 while blood streamed from five or six gashes4 ,poor1 eager1 zealous mother1 trying to store up merit for her baby boy against the day of wrath6 ,sidenote3 ,fear and horror in idol worship4 ,fear1 dread1 and horror are inseparably associated in the minds of thousands of children with the worship of their gods4 ,from earliest childhood others grow so naturally into the forms of ancestor1 idol1 and spirit worship that this becomes one of the most difficult factors in leading them into ,christianity4 ,from the ,mission ,day ,spring we quote a few words about 8how ,chinese children worship40 ,we must go up a flight of wide stone steps at the entrance of the temple1 and as we enter we shall see two tall images with very ugly faces and brilliantly painted coats1 which are called 8,guardians of the ,gate40 ,the mothers bring their little children forward1 and teach them to clasp their hands and bow down1 knocking their heads to the ground as they worship the image4 ,if it is the first time1 the children are afraid and often say1 8,oh1 ,i can't do it1 ,i never can do it60 ,then they have to watch closely while their mothers once more show them how to worship4 ,afterwards they are sometimes rewarded with little presents1 which they are told have been given them by the idol4 ,if they are still too afraid to worship1 stories of the terrible things that happen to people who do not ask the protection of the idols are repeated to them4 ,up on the mountain slopes of the ,hakone ,district in ,japan1 is the great children's god1 ,jizo1 carved centuries ago out of the solid rock4 ,the heathen mother has been taught that1 when the souls of her little children pass over the sullen stream of death1 they must be saved from the clutches of a cruel hag residing on the banks4 ,she steals their clothes and forces them to the endless task of piling stones at the river side4 ,in order to induce ,jizo to save them from the hag1 the weary heathen mother climbs the steep paths leading to the children's god1 and there makes her supplication4 ,and the little one tied to her back or led by the hand1 with highly strung nerves and weary limbs1 shrinks in terror at the sight of the ugly idol1 and at the stories of dire vengeance which will befall her unless she worships properly4 ,sidenote3 ,death from fright and exposure4 ,many children die from the effects of fright and exposure connected with religious rites1 as in the case of some of the ,african boys whose initiation into ancestor worship was described above4 ,sidenote3 ,soul-stains4 ,sidenote3 ,temple girls4 ,worse than all the results yet mentioned are the deep soul-stains1 the utter ruin of all moral and spiritual character1 which fall to the lot of countless thousands of innocent children through the direct influence of their religion4 ,one longs to turn away from scenes like these1 but we mothers1 sisters1 and daughters of ,christian homes cannot be honest with ourselves and with our ,god1 unless we are willing to know things as they really are1 in order to help to make them as they really ought to be4 ,such conditions exist to a larger or smaller degree in many lands1 but to be really understood in their baldest1 most revolting form1 it is only necessary to visit ,india4 ,bishop ,caldwell says that 8the stories related of the life of the god ,krishna do more than anything to destroy the morals and corrupt the imaginations of ,hindu youth40 ,the temple girls1 nautch girls1 and muralis are living witnesses to ,india's need of a pure and holy religion4 ,the nautch-girl often begins her career of training under teachers as early as five years of age4 ,she is taught to read1 dance1 and sing1 and instructed in every seductive art4 ,her songs are usually amorous2 and while she is yet a mere girl1 before she can realize fully the moral bearings of her choice of life1 she makes her debut as a nautch-girl in the community4 ,khandoba is the deity of the ,marathi country and is popularly believed to be an avator1 or incarnation of ,shiva4 ,muralis are girls devoted to him by their parents in infancy or early childhood4 ,outside the main entrance of the temple court1 a stone column stands on the wall on the left side4 ,it is about three feet high1 and on the head of it is cut a filthy design4 ,the column is called by the name of ,yeshwantrao4444 ,he it is who gives children to barren women4444 ,it is to this image the poor deluded women promise to sacrifice their first-born daughters if ,khandoba will make them mothers of many children4 ,then after the vow1 the first-born girl is offered to ,khandoba and set apart for him by tying a necklace of seven cowries around the little girl's neck4 ,when she becomes of marriageable age she is formally married to the ,khanda or daggar of ,khandoba1 and becomes his nominal wife4 ,henceforth she is forbidden to become the wedded wife of man1 and the result is that she usually leads an infamous life1 earning a livelihood by sin4#hc ,the stories told by ,amy ,wilson ,carmichael and many others corroborate and emphasize the facts stated by ,mrs4 ,fuller1 and tell of what the ,british ,government and ,christian missions are trying to do to counteract and stop the monstrous evil4 ,from the ,missionary ,review of the ,world for ,february1 #aiac1 we quote3-- ,sidenote3 ,legislation to abolish young temple girls4 8,a bill lately introduced into the viceroy's legislative council by ,mr4 ,dadabhai1 the ,parsee member of that body1 touches upon some of oldest and darkest social evils of ,india4 ,it proposes to make it criminal for a parent or other lawful guardian to dedicate a girl under sixteen years of age to #8the service of a deity1' which always means dedicating her to a life of infamy1 and to make the crime punishable with ten years penal servitude4 ,it prohibits under very severe penalties1 the practice which obtains whereby priests enter into temporary alliance with young girls thus dedicated1 in order to initiate them into the life of professional profligacy40 ,to this we may add from an authoritative source that in #aiac the native state of ,mysore had already abolished dancing girls from all its temples4 ,while the ,british ,government is trying to prevent any of ,india's daughters from being hereafter ruined1 body and soul1 in the name of religion1 what is being done for the thousands who through no fault of their own have already become 8the servants of the gods08 ,is it possible to do anything to redeem the lives of these children whose earliest memories cluster about the most hideous forms of evil8 ,sidenote3 ,rescuing the servant of the gods4 ,another picture4 ,a group of women lounging within the temple enclosure in the cool shade of the fragrant cork trees4 ,a beautiful little girl of five years is running up and down the great stone steps of the tank1 laughing and playing4 ,now and then one of the women calls the child to her and tries the effect of some article of jewelry against the bright little face4 ,little ,moothi1 the ,pearl of the ,temple1 as she is called1 is full of life and happiness4 ,too young to understand the sin and wrong about her1 she loves the bright jewels and silken garments1 the excitement of the dancing and singing4 ,the daily exercise on the whirling wheel is only fun for her4 ,she never grows dizzy and falls off as do her stupid companions1 to be beaten by cross old ,ramana1 their teacher4 8,she will bring plenty of money by and by10 said one of the women to ,moothi's mother4 8,you had better let her go to the ,christian school in the village4 ,she will be taught to read and sing without any expense to you1 and there is no danger of her remembering what she hears of that foolish religion40 ,but the mother's face did not light up in response4 ,sitting in her little hut she has listened to the ,gospel as it was told to a group of outcast women who had gathered weekly in the village palim on the other side of the wall4 ,the wonderful story had penetrated her dark heart4 ,but it is too late for her4 ,she is too old to change1 but oh1 that her little ,moothi1 her beautiful one1 might be spared the life of sin and shame to which she is doomed as a dancing girl devoted to the service of the temple4 ,what can she do8 ,through the long nights she thought and thought1 until finally she came to the decision to part with the little one though her heart break4 ,one night she took the child with a little bundle of clothing and stole away4 ,after weary miles of travel she appeared at the home of a missionary and begged her to take the little girl4 8,i give her to you10 she said1 8to be taught your religion1 and to be your child1 but she must never know who her mother was40 ,she laid down twenty rupees which she had saved toward her support1 and disappeared1 leaving no clue to her name and village4 ,there was consternation among the women of the temple when it was discovered that ,moothi was gone1 but the mother gave no sign1 and it was finally concluded that some one had stolen her because of her beauty1 and such things are too common in a heathen land to cause a disturbance4 ,as ,moothi grew and developed into a beautiful ,christian woman and earnest worker1 the missionary often wondered whence came the ,god-given trust so strangely sent4 ,now and then1 but less frequently as the years pass on1 a woman1 growing increasingly old and bent1 was seen near the school1 whom they associated with ,moothi1 but no one knew until upon her deathbed she sent for the missionary and told her story4 ,only a heathen mother1 degraded and heart-broken1 parted from her only joy in life1 watching hungrily in the distance for a sight of the loved face4 ,can we not believe that the ,christ of love was revealed to her heart also8#hd ,what ,christian mother will make it possible that some other heart-broken heathen mother may hear the ,gospel message1 and may find a place of refuge for her sweet1 innocent child8 ,sidenote3 ,heathen mothers and their dead children4 ,while our hearts go out in tenderness to the heathen mother deprived of her living child1 what can we do or say to comfort the mother whose little one is cold in death8 ,our statistics of infant mortality in ,chapter ,i give some slight idea of the vast multitudes of mourning mothers for whom there is no hope1 no knowledge that1--8around the throne of ,god in heaven1 thousands of children stand20 no vision of ,him who 8shall gather the lambs with ,his arm and carry them in ,his bosom40 ,nowhere but among ,christians do hope and faith and self-control and comfort abide in the house where death has come1 and none but the ,christian cemetery is a place of order and beauty and peace4 ,among the ,thonga ,tribe of ,south ,africa1 the mother who loses a baby is considered deeply contaminated with the defilement of death4 ,she must bury the child alone1 not even her husband helping her4 ,mrs4 ,george ,heber ,jones said recently that in all her many years of life in ,korea she had never seen any funeral service for a child of non-,christians4 ,the baby is buried anywhere at the back of the house as a dog would be1 or put up in the branches of a tree for the vultures to find4 ,do the mothers have hearts and feelings8 ,listen to the experience of ,mrs4 ,u4 ,s4 ,g4 ,jones of ,india1 and answer the question for yourselves4 8,i went into a ,brahmin home where several widows were gathered4 ,one old woman with eyes that were dimmed from much weeping said1 peering into my face1 #8,yes1 it is the same1 ,i was sure of it4 ,you came here some ten or twelve years ago1 and told us how when your beloved were taken from you1 you did not mourn and wail as we did4 ,when my daughter died1 ,i tried to recall what you had said about another life and hope beyond the grave1 but ,i could not remember4 ,tell it all again now4' ,so ,i told her again of our glorious hope and of the resurrection4 ,how earnestly they all listened6 ,poor1 poor things60#he ,sidenote3 ,only the ,bible gives the child a place4 8,the ,child for ,christ0 must be the watchword of our 8organized motherhood for the children of the world40 ,the ,bible is the only sacred book that gives the child a place of importance4 ,christ was the only founder of a religion who raised childhood into a type of those who were fit to enter ,his ,kingdom4 ,as ,e4 ,g4 ,romanes says1 8,tenderness toward child life1 appreciation of the simplicity and the helplessness of children1 affection of parents for their children1 and children for their parents2--all these are features of the ,bible which the most superficial reader cannot fail to observe40#hf ,sidenote3 ,the motive for teaching the children of ,christ4 ,in his 8,challenge to ,christian ,missions10 ,r4 ,e4 ,welsh utters these significant words1-- 8,why is it a matter of urgent duty and concern on a parent's part to teach his child the story of ,christ and train him in ,christian truth and life8444 ,what is the parent's motive8444 ,simply the sharp sense of the value of ,christ to every human being1 young or old--the perception of the child's need and peril if he does not get the saving power of ,christ upon him2 the sense of the native worth and value of being a ,christian in soul and character2 the desire to lift him out of #8the natural man' to #8the measure of the stature of the fulness of ,christ4' ,if that motive be not strong enough to inspire us with zeal for taking the blessing of ,christ to the heathen1 then ,christ has still much work to do upon us to make us ,christian in mind and spiritual sympathy40 ,sidenote3 ,the means to be used4 ,if it is our duty and privilege to win the children of the world to ,christ1 how is it to be done8 ,what special means are our missionaries using to bring about this result8 ,all missionary work for children1 in the homes1 in day school and boarding school1 in church and ,sunday-,school1 in hospital and orphanage1 must have the great two-fold aim ever in view1--to win the child to ,christ1 to train the child for ,christ4 ,it remains for us to study briefly several agencies not yet touched upon1 that have been greatly blessed in their effect upon children of many lands4 ,sidenote3 ,sunday-,school statistics4 ,first in the list of these child-winning agencies stands the ,sunday-,school4 ,from a series of statistics appearing in the ,january1 #aiac1 number of the ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 we take the following figures1 concerning ,sunday-,schools conducted by the ,protestant ,missionary ,societies of the world4 ,miss4 ,soc's ,of other ,u4 ,s4 ,canada ,countries ,no4 ,heathen ,children baptized #aiab #bg1iig #fh1efg ,no4 ,sunday-,schools #ai1bcj #aa1cge ,no4 ,pupils in same #ijh1jjg #ehj1jab ,would that every ,christian woman who glances at these figures could dimly realize what they stand for1--the efforts1 the time and energy and love expended1 the disappointments and trials1 the encouragements and victories4 ,one must never be discouraged1 one must never lose faith and hope1 one may never stop sowing seeds in little hearts1 even though the work seems as small and insignificant as it did in the ,japanese ,sunday-,school at ,kawazoe4 ,sidenote3 ,japanese ,sunday-,school4 ,every ,sunday at twelve o'clock the children begin to clatter up on their wooden shoes to a ,sunday-,school which does not begin till two o'clock4444 ,when it begins they sing hymns vigorously if not tunefully1 and listen as patiently as any children of the same age4 ,the nurse girls1 aged ten or eleven1 come with babies on their backs1 and1 if the babies remonstrate too vigorously1 they are trotted out in the sunshine for a breathing space4 ,an average of forty children come every ,sunday to hear the ,christian stories1 and often1 passing on the street1 one hears the familiar tune and unfamiliar words of 8,jesus loves me40 ,one1 two1 or more ,sunday-,schools seem like but a drop in the bucket in a town of twenty thousand people1 but we can only hope that through hymn1 or story1 or picture1 or card1 the good news of the love of ,god may be spread more widely4#hg ,but many 8drops0 fill a bucket1 and some day ,japan is going to feel the mighty power of the children who have been taught in mission ,sunday-,schools4 ,here is a prophetic instance3-- ,sidenote3 ,a ,sunday-,school rally in ,japan4 ,the teachings which produce the sweetest and most beautiful things in the lives of children1 and will make them the truest and best 8soldiers and servants0 are those given in the ,sunday-,schools which are multiplying in ,japan4 ,therefore there is no work better worth doing than that in the ,sunday-,schools1 and no service more valuable than that of the missionaries who teach the children of ,japan4444 ,on the ,campus of the ,reformed ,church ,college1 ,sendai1 there was held last summer a union gathering of the ,sunday-,schools of the city4 ,some of them were ,saturday ,sunday-,schools1 as there were not hours enough on ,sunday for the ,christian teachers to instruct all those who are eager to learn1 and it is not unprecedented for two or three ,sunday-,schools to be taught by the same persons4 ,when the pupils in the ,christian schools of ,sendai came together they were one thousand seven hundred strong4 ,an eye-witness says3-- 8,i wish you could have seen them6 ,our own four ,sunday-,schools furnished one hundred and fifty of the number4 ,it did my heart good6 ,do missions pay8 ,oh1 my1 no6 ,one of our students in the training school is the direct result of the ,sendai ,sunday-,school1 and another from that ,sunday-,school enters next year4 ,and to hear those one thousand seven hundred children sing6 ,and back of that great gathering was the story of long and patient labor1 days of constant effort1 and nights of discouragement40#hh ,sidenote3 ,a ,sunday-,school with practical results4 ,with such a view of the value of the ,sunday-,school to ,japan1 it is interesting to note that in ,may1 #aiac1 there were one thousand seven hundred ,protestant ,sunday-,schools in ,japan1 with an enrollment of about #ajj1jjj pupils4 ,if the question is asked1 ,do the ,sunday-,schools have any effect on the lives of the children8 it is a pleasure to answer with a brief extract from the personal letter of a new missionary to ,japan3-- 8,this afternoon a lady called whose mother belongs to the nobility and has older ideals1 but her father is ,american4 ,she is a most earnest ,christian and has done a great deal4 ,she has access to the nobility's children and is forming a ,sunday-,school1 but she has many discouragements4 ,at one village they had started a school of two hundred1 and the children were showing its influence1 but the schoolmaster feared just this and so managed to frighten the parents that all were withdrawn4 ,this village was built in terraces with a long flight of stairs1 down which many blind people went4 ,the boys used to hang cords across so as to trip them4 ,but now they have begun to take these poor people by the hand1 and lead them down40 ,a ,sunday-,school that can teach such practical ,christianity to mischievous boys must be a power in the community4 ,sidenote3 ,a ,sunday-,school ,parade in ,peking4 ,in ,october1 #aiaa1 the city of ,peking1 ,china1 witnessed a ,sunday-,school parade in which two thousand children took part4 ,with banners flying1 and led by the ,methodists with six hundred children and a band1 the parade passed through the most important streets of the city to a large church where a children's mass meeting was held4 ,a noteworthy 8forward movement0 was undertaken by the ,methodist ,episcopal ,church in #aiac1 when the ,rev4 ,wallace ,h4 ,miner1 son of a missionary1 sailed for ,china1 to become a ,sunday-,school worker and organizer in that new republic4 ,his work will be to assist the missionaries in promoting the work of the ,sunday-,schools1 to instruct native preachers in methods of ,sunday-,school organization and administration1 and to train local teachers and native field workers1 introducing modern methods into ,chinese ,sunday-,schools as far as they are adapted to ,chinese conditions4 ,sidenote3 ,a ,sunday-,school ,union in ,india4 ,would that ,india had more men like the rich coffee planter who gives his services to ,christian work1 and who travels from end to end of ,india organizing ,sunday-,schools4 ,the statistics of the ,sunday-,school ,union of ,india are deeply significant1 as is also the fact that there is such a ,union4 8,the ,sunday-,school ,union of ,india has a membership of #deh1ide1 being an increase of #cg1hff on the previous year4 ,the ,union stands for the very best in ,bible instruction1 equipment1 and management4 ,it publishes #aj1jjj1jjj ,english and vernacular pages of ,scripture illustrated expositions1 nearly all of which are based on the international syllabus4 ,to meet the needs of ,sunday-,schools in fifty languages1 there are about fifty editions of #8helps' in twenty languages4 ,a prominent feature of the ,union is that it stands for salvation through ,jesus ,christ1 and membership in the church to which it belongs40#hi ,sidenote3 ,an ,african ,sunday-,school4 ,it would be fascinating to visit the ,sunday-,schools in various lands1 and to hear the same dear children's hymns sung in many languages by black children and white1 red1 and brown4 ,we have time for only a peep at an ,egyptian ,sunday-,school1 but even this glimpse shows how naturally and inevitably the love and power of ,jesus ,christ can change the heart and life of a little child4 ,at #b ,p4 ,m4 the beating of the bell has the desired effect1 and presently there rises up from the edge of the river a crowd of some of the dirtiest and yet some of the prettiest little boys and girls you ever saw4 ,nearly every little girl carries perched on her shoulder a baby brother or sister4 ,they rush without ceremony into the compound1 but there they are intercepted1 and made to walk quietly and orderly into the classes provided for them4 ,a kind ,syrian nurse from the ,hospital takes her place in a class of some thirty or forty girls1 and1 if only you could peep behind the scenes1 you would hear such sad stories connected with the lives of several of her girls4 ,some have been married and cast aside by their husbands for some trivial fault1 and then how glad they are once more to find their way back to school1 where they know they are loved and cared for4 ,a blind girl sits among a class of the very naughtiest but sweetest little folk1 who try her patience to the utmost4 ,a kind missionary takes another class1 and ,i am sure that1 although she is accustomed to teaching all through the week1 she has never taught such pieces of humanity as those before her4 ,still another class of mischievous little boys is taught by one of the day-school boys1 who sometimes has to appeal to the superintendent to restore order4444 ,now the bell has to be beaten1 gently too1 and1 after much noise1 all shaggy heads are bent in prayer1 then sentence by sentence1 the ,lord's ,prayer is said1 and a very elongated 8,amen0 comes in at the end4 ,now three rooms are occupied instead of one1 for if all the classes were kept in one room the noise would be deafening4 ,what are all those dirty little bags hung around the children's necks8 ,ah6 those bags contain the most precious thing the children have1 viz41 an old ,christmas card which serves as a register4 ,if by some unfortunate chance that ticket gets lost1 genuine tears form a streamlet down the troubled little face of the owner1 for he or she knows it is just a mere chance if the superintendent will relent so far as to provide another1 and yet without it admittance to the yearly ,christmas tree is a thing impossible4 ,these registers are marked and a tiny box handed around to receive many little widows' mites1 for although the children are of the poorest1 we try to teach them that it is more blessed to give than to receive4 ,and now we are all in the room again1 and a time is spent in catechising the whole school so as to make sure they have been listening to their lesson4 ,the story had been told of the ten lepers1 and the ingratitude of the nine1 who went away without saying 8thank you40 ,z41 a very regular member1 looked up with glowing eyes1 and said1 8,i would very much like to say thank you to ,jesus for all ,he has done for me1 but ,i am afraid ,he would not care to bend ,his hand from heaven to let a little girl like me kiss it40444 ,another little girl is all eagerness to speak4 ,her name means 8,cast ,out10 and when her turn comes she says1 8,i love pickles1 oh6 so much1 and when my mother said1 #8,go to the market and bring back pickles in vinegar1' ,i used to dip my fingers into the vinegar all the way home1--they would creep into the basin in spite of myself1--but now since my teacher has told me it is like stealing1 ,i try not even to look at the basin1 but run all the way home with it to my mother40#ij ,sidenote3 ,junior ,christian ,endeavor ,societies4 ,it would take pages to tell what ,junior ,christian ,endeavor ,societies1 ,epworth ,leagues1 and similar organizations are doing for the children of ,asia and ,africa1 and how through them the children of ,christian households are being trained to live and work for ,christ1--a training which most of their parents lacked in childhood4 ,a missionary from ,japan tells how a little fellow prayed at the ,christian ,endeavor meeting1 8,oh ,god1 ,i just want to thank you for the good time we had last ,saturday1 ,i can taste it yet2 help us not to forget what we promised then40 ,illustration3 ,,japanese ,,children ,,at ,,worship ,a ,junior ,endeavor ,society in the ,madura ,district in ,india helps to support a ,sunday-,school in a near-by village1 the children bringing their offerings of one pie each 7one sixth of a cent7 with noble regularity4 ,in one boarding-school in ,persia1 four or five ,endeavor ,societies flourished some years ago1 and1 when the girls went home for their vacations1 they led the singing in the village churches1 teaching the congregations new hymns learned at school4 ,each girl saw to it that a ,christian ,endeavor ,society was formed in her village during the long summer vacation4 ,often the school girl would be the only member of the ,society who could read1 but she gathered the village children about her1 and taught them to repeat ,bible verses1 sing hymns1 and offer simple prayers1 and a great deal of training and teaching can be accomplished in one summer vacation6 ,sidenote3 ,the power of the ,bible4 ,what marvelous power there is in the ,word of ,god6 ,a ,mohammedan boy in a fanatical ,persian city1 which had often been visited by colporteurs and missionaries1 went one day to the bazaar where he saw a ,new ,testament being torn up to serve as wrapping paper4 ,he remonstrated with the shopkeeper1 and finally bought what was left of the ,book4 ,through its influence both he and his mother were led to ,christ4 ,in another ,persian city1 the missionary holds a ,bible lesson for boys under fifteen every ,friday1 when they do not have to be at work4 ,picture cards sent by thoughtful friends in ,america are earned by boys learning the ,lord's ,prayer1 the ,ten ,commandments1 or verses from the ,sermon on the ,mount4 ,some of the boys always repeat the lesson at home to their mothers1 and some say openly1 8,if what the ,bible says is true1 the ,mohammedan religion is vain and useless40 ,truly1 8the entrance of ,thy word giveth light40 ,do ,american children prize their ,bibles as does this ,korean boy8 ,sidenote3 ,a ,korean boy and his ,bible4 ,every day in the village of ,nulmok there is an exodus of small boys to the mountain for fuel4 ,wood being scarce1 it becomes necessary for each household to furnish a fuel gatherer4 ,this army of boys is winding its way to the mountains some five miles off4 ,each boy has tied to his jikcey1 or rack carried on his back1 a small package of rice4 ,this is his dinner1 for it is an all-day job4 ,as they make their way up the well-nigh barren slopes1 one boy notices that his friend ,kaiby has a second little bundle tied to his jikcey1 and so he hails him to know why he is carrying two dinners4 8,oh1 one is for my body1 and the other is dinner for my soul10 he replies4 ,after a morning spent in raking over a small area of the mountain1 each boy has succeeded in getting together his bundle of dried grass1 and all sit down beside a mountain brook to eat of their dinner of cold rice and a relish of greens or pickled cabbage in season4 ,soon ,kaiby has finished his meal and is untying his second bundle2 taking out a book he begins to read aloud1 slowly1 while the other boys gather around to hear4 ,it is about a great ,man1 who1 when the people wanted to make him king1 went to the mountain to pray4 ,day after day at rest time ,kaiby got out his book and read from it1 and the other boys were interested4 ,about this time1 ,ki ,mun ,ju1 the ,bible ,society agent1 came again to the village with ,bibles4 ,after supper1 ,kaiby1 accompanied by several other boys1 asked if there was not a smaller copy of the ,new ,testament1 as a number of the boys wanted to buy a ,bible1 but their only opportunity to read was at rest time on the mountain1 and a smaller copy would be more easily carried4 ,needless to say1 the colporteur did not fail to bring some on his next trip1 and now many of the boys have their own1 and frequently the hymnbook which they treasure next is tied up with it4#ia ,sidenote3 ,hymnbooks and singing4 ,korean boys are not the only ones who treasure the hymnbook and love to learn and to sing ,christian hymns4 ,the missionary who can play and sing1 and the one who knows enough about music to translate hymns and adapt tunes1 has marvelous opportunities to work effectively among children4 ,miss ,ford's experiences in ,palestine illustrate the truth of this3-- 8,i should like to say a word about the use of the organ4 ,we are able sometimes to have very large ,moslem audiences in the villages4 ,scores of boys will gather around to hear4 ,when we propose to teach them a hymn or chorus they eagerly agree to learn4 ,the subject of the song is always salvation in ,jesus ,christ1 and the way of life is pointed out4 ,we often hear the children afterward singing these hymns in the streets4444 ,god has given us large numbers of little children to bring to ,him4 ,they learn hymns and psalms1 chapters of the ,gospels1 and verses from the ,bible with great facility1 and they love to sing the hymns4 ,now also we can use with profit1 large1 illustrated1 highly colored pictures of the life and teachings of our ,lord1 as well as ,old ,testament stories40#ib ,sidenote3 ,obstacles to bringing children to ,christ4 ,lest anyone be tempted to think that the work is always easy1 that one has but to sow the seed in order without further work and prayer to reap a bountiful harvest1 it is but fair to mention a few of the obstacles that missionaries must constantly meet while trying to win children to ,christ4 ,heredity1 age-long custom1 superstition1 fatalism1 the shackles of caste and prejudice1 the home influences that so quickly counteract what a child learns during a few brief hours at a mission compound1--all these and many other hindrances must be reckoned with and overcome4 ,miss ,carmichael graphically describes some of these experiences of effort and disappointment in ,india4 ,sidenote3 ,miss ,carmichael on discouragements in ,india4 8,often we hear people say how excellent it is1 and how they never worship idols now1 but only the true ,god2 and even a heathen mother will make her child repeat its texts to you1 and a father will tell you how it tells him ,bible stories2 and1 if you are quite new to the work1 you put it in the ,magazine1 and at home it sounds like conversion4 ,all this goes on most peacefully2 there is not the slightest stir1 till something happens to show the people that the doctrine is not just a creed1 but contains a living ,power4 ,and then1 and not until then1 there is opposition4 ,in one village there was a little ,brahmin child who often tried to speak to us1 but was never allowed4 ,one day she risked capture and its consequences1 and ran across the narrow stream which divides the ,brahmin street from the village1 and spoke to one of our band in a hurried little whisper1 #8,oh1 ,i do want to hear about ,jesus6' ,and she told how she had learned at school in her own town1 and then she had been sent to her mother-in-law's house in this jungle village1 #8that one1' pointing to a house where they never had smiles for us2 but her mother-in-law objected to the preaching1 and had threatened to throw her down the well if she listened to us4 ,just then a hard voice called her and she flew4 ,next time we went to that village she was shut up somewhere inside40#ic ,sidenote3 8,after many days40 ,sometimes ,god grants that bread cast on the waters with loving1 lavish hand1 is found again after many1 many days4 ,often a ,bible verse or the words of a hymn1 or the recollection of what was seen and heard in a missionary home1 has not been forgotten1 and has borne fruit in after life4 8,a rich ,japanese silk merchant sent for the missionaries in his town1 and entertained them most hospitably4 ,he told how as a child he had attended a ,sunday-,school4 #8,very often1' he said1 #8right in the midst of my business the words of the hymn1 8,jesus loves me1 this ,i know10 come to me1 and1 try as ,i may1 ,i can't get them out of my mind4' ,he then repeated the hymn from beginning to end1 and added1 #8,though ,i have lived my life without religion1 ,i feel that it is the most important thing there is1 and ,i want my little girl to be a ,christian2 and it is for that purpose1' he added emphatically1 #8that ,i have placed her in the mission school1 that she may become a ,christian4'0 ,sidenote3 ,ours is the greater privilege4 ,do we realize the privilege and opportunity that is ours to pray and give and go1 to send our money and our sons and daughters1 that the children of many ,christless lands may learn to know and love and serve the children's ,friend while they are young1 and hearts and minds are plastic and teachable8 ,have we as keen an insight into the great truths of ,christian privilege as had the little ,chinese girl1 who1 after being publicly baptized1 was asked by her teacher1 8,are you glad of the privilege of attending a school where you can hear of the ,lord ,jesus80 ,quickly she responded1 8,are you not glad1 teacher1 that you are in ,china1 where you can teach of the ,lord ,jesus80#id ,yes1 ours is the greater privilege1 and we must see to it carefully that we do not miss any part of the joy that the ,master has in store for us4 ,our own children are so cunning and lovable1 so full of wonderful possibilities1 and in need of so much care and watchfulness1 that it is easy to forget the other children who also need our love and help4 ,in the ,saviour's eyes there is no difference1--,he loves and cares for all children4 ,shall we imitate ,him in this respect8 ,sidenote3 ,a missionary's dream4 ,a weary missionary fell asleep1 and as she slept she dreamed a dream4 ,a message had arrived that the ,master was coming1 and to her was appointed the task of getting all the little children ready for ,his arrival4 ,so she arranged them on the benches1 tier on tier1 putting the little white children on the first benches1 nearest to where the ,master would stand1 and then came the little yellow and red and brown children and far back on the farthest benches sat the black children4 ,when they were all arranged1 she looked1 and it did not seem quite right to her4 ,why should the black children be so far away8 ,they ought perhaps to be on the front benches4 ,she started to rearrange them1 but just as all was in confusion1 the children stirring around1 and each trying to find his proper place1 footsteps were heard1 and lo6 it was the ,master's tread1 and ,he was coming before the children were ready4 ,overcome with shame and confusion she hung her head4 ,to think that the task entrusted to her had not been accomplished in time6 ,so she stood while the footsteps drew nearer and nearer1 till finally they paused beside her1 and she was obliged to look up4 ,and lo6 as she did so1 and her eyes rested on the children1 all shades of color and difference had vanished1--the little children in the ,master's presence were all alike6 ,,quotations ,a ,,heathen ,,baby ,an ,english missionary in ,swatow1 ,china1 heard sounds of bitter weeping by the wayside one night4 ,looking for its source1 he found a heathen woman bowed over a child's grave1 upon which1 according to the local custom1 lay an overturned cradle4 ,a heathen baby1--that is all2-- ,a woman's lips that wildly plead2 ,poor lips that never learned to call ,on ,christ1 in woman's time of need6 ,poor lips1 that never did repeat ,through quiet tears1 8,thy will be done10 ,that never knew the story sweet ,of ,mary1 and the ,infant ,son4 ,an emptied cradle1 and a grave-- ,a little grave--cut through the sod2 ,o ,jesus1 pitiful to save1 ,make known to her the mother's ,god4 ,o ,spirit of the heavenly ,love1 ,stir some dear heart at home today1 ,an earnest thought to lift above1 ,for mother-hearts so far away4 ,that all may know the mercy mild ,of ,him who did the nurselings bless3 ,the heathen and the homeborn child ,are one in that great tenderness4 7,clara ,a4 ,lindsay in ,woman's ,work47 ,,caste ,,in ,,india ,in the village of the ,wind a young girl became known as an enquirer4 ,her ,caste passed the word along from village to village wherever its members were found1 and all these relations and connections were speedily leagued in a compact to keep her from hearing more4 ,when we went to see her1 we found she had been posted off somewhere else4 ,when we went to the somewhere else 7always freely mentioned to us1 with invitation to go71 we found she had been there1 but had been forwarded elsewhere4 ,for weeks she was tossed about like this2 then we traced her and found her4 ,but she was thoroughly cowed1 and dared not show the least interest in us4444 ,take a child of four or five1 ask it a question concerning its ,caste1 and you will see how that baby tree has begun to drop branch rootlets4444 ,the young girls belonging to the higher ,castes are kept in strict seclusion4 ,during these formative years they are shut up within the courtyard walls to the dwarfing life within1 and as a result they get dwarfed1 and lose in resourcefulness and independence of mind1 and above all in courage2 and this tells terribly in our work1 making it so difficult to persuade such a one to think for herself4 ,it is this custom which makes work among girls exceedingly slow and unresultful4 ,a few months ago a boy of twelve resolved to become a ,christian4 ,his clan1 eight thousand strong1 were enraged4 ,there was a riot in the streets2 in the house the poison cup was ready4 ,better death than loss of ,caste4 ,in another town a boy took his stand and was baptized1 thus crossing the line that divided secret belief from open confession4 ,his ,caste men got hold of him afterwards2 next time he was seen he was a raving lunatic4 ,the ,caste was avenged6 7,amy ,wilson ,carmichael in 8,things as ,they ,are407 ,,spirit-,,worship ,,among ,,the ,,lao ,spirit-worship1 as existing among the ,lao1 is not reduced to a system as is ,buddhism4 ,it has no temple1 but it is enshrined in the heart of every man1 woman1 and child in the country4444 ,children are seen with soot marks upon their foreheads4 ,these are placed there by spirit-doctors and are to ward off evil4 ,they also wear around their wrists charm-strings4 ,this belief is by no means confined to the peasantry4 ,every person is believed to have thirty-two good spirits pervading his body1 called kwan4 ,as long as these kwan all remain as guardian spirits within1 no sickness or mishap can befall the person4 ,but alas6 these kwan are freaky1 vacillating spirits1 and may leave the body without a moment's warning1 and at once sickness or accident befalls4 ,much time and money are spent trying to keep these kwan in a good humor1 so that they will not desert the body4444 ,the folk-lore of this people is pregnant with this belief in magic and spirit-worship1 and so the children at the knee learn to reverence and fear both1 and in after years when the saner reason of maturity would assert itself1 this belief has become a habit too deeply ingrained in the mind to be cast aside4 7,lillian ,johnson ,curtis in 8,the ,laos of ,north ,siam10 ,westminster ,press47 ,,sunday-,,school--,,ningpo1 ,,china ,i wish some of you might be here tomorrow to go with me to my ,sunday-,school for heathen children4 ,this is a school which had to be discontinued for some time1 and ,i re-opened it on ,easter ,sunday1 with the assistance of nine of our older girls and pupil teachers4 ,one hundred were present last ,sunday1 including some girls from our two mission schools1 and a few visitors4 ,the majority of the children are very poor and dirty1 and they are learning to sing 8,jesus loves me1 this ,i know10 with as much gusto as though they were as clean as pinks1 and they carry away with them a lesson leaf and a picture card1 to try to tell at home what they have learned that day4 ,i quite forget they are ,chinese children1 for their human nature is very like that of the children at home4 ,one ,sunday1 two little girls from our mission school1 clean and comfortably dressed1 were sitting on the front seat1 when ,i brought in three little heathen girls1 soiled and untidy1 to sit beside them4 ,whereupon one of the clean little girls drew herself off in one corner1 gathering her clothes close about her for fear of touching the others2 while the second clean little girl moved toward the soiled children and shared her hymnbook with them1 pointing out each character as we sang4 ,did you ever know any little children at home who acted as did these two ,chinese children8 7,edith ,c4 ,dickie in ,the ,foreign ,post47 ,,bible ,,reading 8,suffer the little children40 ,mark #aj3ac-af4 ,various ways in which ,christ's disciples hinder the children1--consider them too young1--too irresponsible1--feel that adults have the first claim to ,christ's time and attention4 ,how different was ,christ's attitude6 8,in ,his words over the little children1 ,christ has lifted childhood into a type of character1 and has given children their share in the ,kingdom of ,god40 7,shailer ,mathews47 ,the touch of ,christ on a little child's life brings blessing4 ,are we bringing the children to ,him or forbidding them8 8,the place for the lambs is in the fold40 7,woelfkin47 ,a ,,children',s ,,litany ,dear ,heavenly ,father of all the children of the earth2 ,have mercy upon us4 ,o ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 who didst become a child to redeem all nations2 ,have mercy upon us4 ,that in all the families of the world parents and children may learn to have a fear and love of ,thy ,holy ,name2 ,we pray ,thee1 dear ,lord4 ,that a blessing may rest upon the homes of all missionaries1 and that protection may be granted to all missionary fathers and mothers2 ,we pray ,thee1 dear ,lord4 ,that we may earnestly desire to bring some child who does not understand1 into the light of the ,star of ,bethlehem2 ,we pray ,thee1 dear ,lord4 ,that homes and hospitals which minister to the needs of children may be blessed1 and their number multiplied2 ,we pray ,thee1 dear ,lord4 ,for ,christian nurture1 ,christian homes1 and ,christian parents2 ,we thank ,thee1 dear ,lord4 ,for the ,babe of ,bethlehem in the manger1 and the ,christ-,child in the carpenter shop2 ,we thank ,thee1 dear ,lord4 7,spirit of ,missions47 ,,questions #a4 ,what would be the moral and physical effects on a boy1 of the religious rites of ancestor worship as practiced among the ,fang tribe of ,africa8 #b4 ,what can we learn from ,mohammedan methods in teaching their children the ,koran1 and establishing them in the doctrines and usages of their faith8 #c4 ,what are the principal difficulties met by representatives of ,christianity in efforts to come in contact with and influence ,mohammedan children8 #d4 ,suggest methods best adapted for overcoming these difficulties4 #e4 ,what methods have been most successful in reaching the children in the missions of your denomination8 #f4 ,what estimate should be placed on the ,sunday-,school as a factor in the evangelization of mission lands8 #g4 ,what are the greatest needs for better equipment in ,sunday-,school work in the lands where your ,board is at work8 #h4 ,what can ,american children be trained to do in meeting these needs8 ,,bibliography ,children of ,persia1 ,mrs4 ,napier ,malcolm1 7,oliphant1 ,anderson ,ferrier47 ,children of ,egypt1 ,miss ,l4 ,crowther1 7,oliphant1 ,anderson ,ferrier47 8,little ,wednesday10 ,everyland1 ,june1 #aiac4 8,a ,social ,settlement in the ,slums of ,okayama10 ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,dec41 #aiab4 ,sketches from the ,karen ,hills1 ,alonzo ,bunker1 7,revell47 ,on the ,borders of ,pigmy ,land1 ,chaps4 #i1 #aj1 #ai-be1 ,ruth ,b4 ,fisher1 7,revell47 ,the ,light of the ,world1 ,chap4 #f1 ,r4 ,e4 ,speer1 7,mission ,study ,series47 ,lotus ,buds1 ,amy ,wilson ,carmichael1 7,geo4 ,h4 ,doran ,co47 ,things as ,they ,are1 ,amy ,wilson ,carmichael1 7,revell47 ,overweights of ,joy1 ,amy ,wilson ,carmichael1 7,revell47 ,the ,call of ,moslem ,children1 ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,oct41 #aiac4 ,,leaflets ,ought-to-have-been-a-boy ,woman's ,baptist ,foreign ,sorrows of ,heathen ,motherhood ,missionary ,society4 ,how ,chinese children learn ,woman's ,foreign ,missionary to worship idols ,society of the ,boys and ,girls in ,korea ,methodist ,episcopal ,christmas in ,india ,church4 ,how ,koharu learned to worship ,a ,little ,girl and the ,lions ,a ,sunday-,school picnic in ,india ,the god of ,hindu children ,woman's ,board of ,missions ,three in a ,temple of the ,congregational ,how a bamboo helped to ,church4 overthrow idol worship ,ping-ti's discoveries ,a ,road and a ,song ,woman's ,board of ,foreign ,i come to stay ,missions of the ,presbyterian ,church4 ,pen notes and pictures ,woman's ,board of ,foreign ,story of ,ozeki ,san ,missions of the ,reformed ,how we do evangelistic work ,church in ,america4 in ,japan ,,footnotes3 #ge ,told in 8,buddhism10 by ,monier-,williams4 7,macmillan47 #gf 8,things as ,they ,are10 ,amy ,wilson ,carmichael4 7,revell47 #gg 8,children of ,persia10 ,mrs4 ,napier ,malcolm4 7,oliphant1 ,anderson1 ,ferrier47 #gh 8,the ,jungle ,folk of ,africa10 ,r4 ,h4 ,milligan4 7,revell47 #gi 8,the ,wrongs of ,indian ,womanhood10 ,mrs4 ,marcus ,b4 ,fuller4 7,revell47 #hj ,quoted by ,e4 ,storrow in 8,our ,sisters in ,india40 7,revell47 #ha ,spirit of ,missions1 ,feb41 #aiab4 #hb 8,children of ,egypt10 ,miss ,crowther4 7,oliphant1 ,anderson ,ferrier47 #hc 8,the ,wrongs of ,indian ,womanhood10 ,mrs4 ,marcus ,b4 ,fuller4 7,revell47 #hd 8,the ,sorrows of ,heathen ,motherhood10 ,helen ,d4 ,newcomb4 #he ,woman's ,work1 ,july1 #aiab4 #hf ,hastings ,bible ,dictionary4 #hg ,spirit of ,missions1 ,march1 #aijf4 #hh ,spirit of ,missions1 ,february1 #aiaa #hi ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,january1 #aiaa4 #ij 8,children of ,egypt10 ,l4 ,crowther4 7,oliphant1 ,anderson1 ,ferrier47 #ia ,over ,sea and ,land1 ,april1 #aiac4 #ib ,miss ,m4 ,t4 ,maxwell ,ford in 8,daylight in the ,harem40 #ic 8,things as ,they ,are10 ,amy ,wilson ,carmichael4 7,revell47 #id ,told in ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,december1 #aiaa4 ,,chapter ,,vi4 ,,the ,,child ,,at ,,work ,,for ,,christ 8,i must be about my ,father's business40 ,christ needs all the children of the world--,work for the children in awakening lands1 ,japan1 ,china1 ,india--,work for the children in lands convulsed by war and revolution1 ,turkey1 ,persia--,work for the children in lands asleep--,the world's tragedies--,what a slave boy accomplished--,need for trained workers--,how ,bishop ,selwyn obtained and trained them--,children at work for ,christ--,children from mission lands helping to save ,america--,missionary children at work--,american children have a share in the working and giving and going--,the world needs the ,holy ,child4 ,,the ,,children ,,of ,,the ,,world ,,need ,,christ4 ,,christ ,,needs ,,the ,,children1--,,all ,,the ,,children ,,of ,,the ,,world4 ,sidenote3 ,christ needs the children4 ,unless the children of today are brought to the ,master and trained for ,his service1 the outlook is dark indeed for coming generations4 ,if every child now living could be brought under ,christian influences1 receive a ,christian education1 and be sent out to live and work for ,christ1 what a marvelous transformation this world would experience6 ,in a conspicuous place on the wall at a recent ,sunday-,school convention hung a banner with the words 8,childhood is the ,hope of the ,world10--the same thought that was embodied in the remark of a prominent ,japanese ,christian1 who said to a missionary1 8,the grown-up people are so ignorant and set in their ways1 they will not become ,christians1 but the hope is in the children40#ie 8,he who helps a child10 says ,phillips ,brooks1 8helps humanity with a distinctness1 with an immediateness1 which no other help given to human creatures in any other stage of their human life1 can possibly give again40 ,here is a challenge to all who believe that the world needs hope1 that humanity needs help1 that ,god needs human agents to carry out ,his plans1 that ,christ needs the child6 ,sidenote3 ,work for the children in awakening lands4 ,what is there for the child of today1--the man and woman of tomorrow1--to do in countries that are awaking out of age-long sleep8 ,sidenote3 ,changes in ,japan4 ,sixty years ago ,japan was in darkness4 ,what great transformations have taken place since ,commodore ,perry sailed for ,yedo ,bay in ,november1 #aheb6 ,as a commercial1 military1 and naval power ,japan has been taking her place with the important nations of the earth4 ,we have already learned that her educational system contains much that might well be copied in ,western lands4 ,the manner in which ,japan is 8catching up0 with nations that have had centuries of advantage over her reminds one of the educational experimenters who claim that a child need not be bothered with mathematics until he is ten or twelve years old1 and that he will then speedily 8catch up0 with children who have toiled over their mathematics since they were of kindergarten age4 ,during the serious outbreak of bitter feeling in ,japan regarding the proposed ,alien ,land ,holding ,bill pending in the ,california ,legislature1 a large reception was tendered in ,tokyo to ,dr4 ,john ,r4 ,mott1 ,hamilton ,wright ,mabie and ,dr4 ,peabody4 ,in the course of his address1 ,count ,okuma1 who is not in any sense a ,christian1 remarked that diplomacy1 the courts1 and commercial interests were alike helpless to maintain peace on earth and good will among men4 8,the only hope10 he said1 8is in the power of ,christianity and in the influence of ,christians to maintain peace and righteousness in the spirit of brotherly love40#if ,sidenote3 ,religious census in ,imperial ,university4 ,not only from a political point of view1 but far more from an intellectual and religious point of view1 is ,japan in great1 urgent need of what ,christianity can give her4 8,it seems from the figures of a religious census recently taken in the ,imperial ,university of ,japan at ,tokyo1 that of the students in attendance1 three-fourths of them declare themselves agnostics1 while fifteen hundred are content to be registered as atheists4 ,that leaves only five hundred of the whole student body to be accounted for3 and of these1 sixty are ,christian1 fifty ,buddhist1 and eight ,shinto4444 ,the educated classes of ,japan have practically broken with ,shintoism and ,buddhism1 and are looking around for some better basis for ethics and faith4 ,the issue in ,japan is no longer between ,christianity and ,buddhism1 but between ,christianity and nothing40#ig ,sidenote3 ,kindergarten children in after-life4 ,side by side with this pregnant statement we place a few sentences from the ,sixth ,annual ,report of the ,kindergarten ,union of ,japan4 8,what influence has the kindergarten on the lives of its graduates in later years8 ,from many churches we hear of them as church members doing active service1 like one young man who has a class of twenty-five boys in ,sunday-,school4 ,as teachers1 as mothers1 in many walks of life1 they are showing the power of ,christ in their lives1 and all1 whether ,christians or not1 are better men and women for their training in ,christian schools40 ,the inference is so obvious that we need not comment upon it4 ,rather let us do our share to multiply the agencies that can embody in their reports such incidents as the following from the ,american ,church ,mission ,kindergarten at ,sendai3-- 8,more than ever before have we emphasized ,christianity as the center of our thought and life1 and feel much encouraged to go much farther next year4 ,yearning over our graduates1 who1 when they leave us1 may be separated for a long time from ,christian teaching1 we earnestly desired to see ,christianity move definitely forward in their hearts1 so far as may be for little children4 ,so we based the last month's work on ,phil4 #b3f-aa4 ,this seems deep1 but was found helpful by the teachers4444 ,just before graduation1 in the free talk at luncheon hour one day1 a boy whose parents were about to move to ,akita said most disconsolately1 #8,there won't be any ,god to take care of me when ,i go to ,akita6' #8,oh1 yes1 there will1' said ,taguchi ,san1 who1 seeing his need of a broader understanding of the ,omnipotent ,god1 told of the ,god of all the earth1 and that ,he cared for us wherever we go1 even when farther than ,akita40#ih ,sidenote3 ,china's awakening4 ,china's awakening has been so sudden and so rapid that even while the ,christian women of ,america were studying 8,china's ,new ,day10 many facts in that up-to-date text-book became ancient history4 ,a few of the startling contrasts between the ,old ,china and the ,new were indicated in the ,congregationalist of ,april #bd1 #aiac4 ,associated ,press despatches from ,peking on ,thursday of last week reported that the ,chinese ,government has made an appeal to all the ,christian churches in ,china to set aside ,april #bg--next ,sunday--as a day of prayer for the ,chinese ,national ,assembly1 for the new ,government1 for the ,president of the new ,republic yet to be elected1 for the constitution of the ,republic1 for the maintenance of peace and for the election of strong and virtuous men to office4 ,representatives of provincial authorities are instructed to be present at these services4444 ,thirteen years ago this coming summer the ,imperial ,government of ,china hunted and slew her ,christian subjects like wild beasts and brought all of the resources at her command to aid in driving the hated religions of the 8foreign devils0 from her shores4 ,today the new ,republic solemnly and officially sets apart a day and urges all her ,christian subjects1 as well as foreigners1 to assemble and1 in the presence of the officials1 intercede for those things which ,christian nations seek and supremely value4 ,in #aijj a despatch was sent from the throne to all viceroys of all the provinces to exterminate all foreigners1 and the streets of ,peking were placarded with posters threatening with death all who provided them refuge4 ,a few weeks ago the ,president of the ,republic1 ,yuan ,shi ,kai1 addressing in ,peking an assembly of delegates to the ,annual ,convention of the ,y4 ,m4 ,c4 ,a41 said3 8,you1 my friends1 who are members and delegates to this ,christian ,association from every province of the ,republic1 are examples for the men of every class of society4 ,by the help of your guiding light and uplifting influence1 millions of young men1 well equipped1 morally1 intellectually1 and physically1 will be raised up in this nation to render loyal service to the ,republic in her time of need1 and lift her to a position that shall add to the civilized world an undying luster40 ,china is doing her part to make amends for the past and to demonstrate to the entire world the sincerity of her purpose4 ,undoubtedly this is the first time in history that such an appeal has been made by a non-,christian nation4 ,with commendable promptness both the ,federal ,council and ,committee of ,reference and ,council of the ,foreign ,missionary ,societies of ,north ,america have asked the churches to intercede for ,china4 ,was there ever a more striking proof of the presence of ,god in the life of the world and of ,his purposes for men in ,jesus ,christ the universal ,saviour8 ,was there ever greater encouragement to use the mighty enginery of united prayer for a specific end8 ,sidenote3 ,sun ,yat ,sen4 ,listen to the testimony of the son of a prominent ,christian official in ,china3-- 8,where did the ,chinese ,republic ever come from8 ,you say from the reformers and revolutionists4 ,you don't go back far enough4 ,dr4 ,sun was in a large measure responsible for it all1 but where does he come from8 ,where did he get his principles of freedom and equality8 ,these were instilled into his heart by a missionary1 and who was he8 ,he was a follower of ,jesus ,christ1 and in ,china for the direct purpose of teaching how ,jesus came to save the world4444 ,blot out of ,china today the education which owes its origin to ,jesus ,christ1 and where will ,china be8 ,in the depth of deepest ignorance40#ii ,sun ,yat ,sen1 by many considered 8the first citizen in the hearts of his countrymen10 spoke with no uncertain sound of ,china's greatest need in this time of her crisis4 8,brothers10 he said1 when addressing a number of ,chinese students1 8applied1 practical ,christianity is our true need4 ,away with the commentaries and doubts4 ,god asks your obedience1 not your patronage4 ,he demands your service1 not your criticism40#ajj ,sidenote3 ,applied ,christianity in ,china4 8,applied1 practical ,christianity10 is what the missionaries are trying to give ,china1 and can any part of their work be more practical or more important than what they are doing for the children who are soon to be the statesmen and educators1 the military and social leaders1 the fathers and mothers of the great new ,republic of the ,east8 ,sidenote3 ,dr4 ,li ,bi ,cu4 ,many pages might be filled with true tales of how ,chinese children1 won to ,christ in early life1 have brought blessing and uplift to hundreds in their land4 ,the story of ,dr4 ,li ,bi ,cu and her mother is a wonderful illustration of what might be multiplied many thousands of times if there were always some one ready to rescue girl babies and to give them a fair chance4 ,dr4 ,li ,bi ,cu is one of ,china's new women4 ,a forceful speaker1 using perfect ,english1 with a charming personality1 ,dr4 ,li ,bi ,cu never fails to win the hearts of her audiences4 ,those who heard her at ,northfield can never forget the appeal made by the little woman in ,chinese dress1 to the women of the ,united ,states to come to the help of her countrywomen4 ,the mother of ,dr4 ,li ,bi ,cu was rescued from the street1 where she had been thrown to die1 when only a day or two old1 and taken to a mission school1 where she was cared for1 educated1 and trained as a ,bible woman4 ,she married a ,methodist minister1 ,mr4 ,li1 and her daughter1 ,li ,bi ,cu1 grew up in a ,christian home4 ,one of the missionaries1 seeing unusual ability in the young girl1 brought her to ,america for a more thorough education than ,china afforded4 ,she studied in ,folts ,institute1 and later entered the ,women's ,medical ,college in ,philadelphia4 ,graduating with honor1 she returned to ,china after eight years' residence in the ,united ,states and was sent to the ,fukien ,province1 where the ,woman's ,foreign ,missionary ,society of the ,methodist ,episcopal ,church had opened a hospital1 and where she has cared for the souls and bodies of thousands of patients4#aja ,a charming sequel to the story shows how this splendid ,chinese woman is ready at a moment's notice to do her duty as a ,christian citizen of the world4 ,she was passing on her return to ,china a point not far from ,chicago1 when the train struck a track laborer and suddenly stopped4 ,the injured man1 a ,russian by birth1 was brought aboard1 and ,dr4 ,li1 hearing of the accident1 volunteered her help4 ,then was seen the curious combination of a ,chinese ,christian woman physician caring for a wounded ,slav in an ,american baggage car6#ajb ,sidenote3 ,chinese mothers in council4 8,applied1 practical ,christianity0 is being taught to the mothers of ,china1 and some of them are responding in a way that augurs well for the future of their children and their land4 ,mrs4 ,t4 ,n4 ,thompson of ,tsining writes of a recent women's convention to which ,christians came from far and near1 some from a distance of sixty miles4 ,women spoke from the platform with ease1 spirit1 and eloquence4 ,some of the subjects discussed were3--,equal authority of husbands and wives--,partiality between sons and daughters--,duty of sending girls to school--,cleanliness and order of the home as taught in mission schools--,dedication of children to the ,lord4 ,the subject of marriage engagements was thoroughly canvassed1 and many laughed heartily at reminiscences of old heathen days when children were betrothed in babyhood40#ajc 8,old heathen days60 ,and yet it is but one hundred years since ,robert ,morrison baptized his first ,christian convert1 and but fourteen years since the great ,boxer uprising tried to rid the land of all ,christians4 ,thus it was ordained long centuries ago when ,god 8appointed a law in ,israel1 when ,he commanded our fathers1 that they should make them known to their children2 that the generation to come might know them1 even the children that should be born1 who should arise and tell them to their children40 7,psalm #gh3e1 #f47 ,from father to son1 from mother to daughter1 the knowledge of ,god's love and ,christ's salvation is to be transmitted1 and those who gain that knowledge in early childhood are the ones on whom ,china can surely depend in the important years to come4 ,sidenote3 ,work for the children in ,india4 8,the children born of ,christian parents in ,india10 says ,rev4 ,e4 ,a4 ,arnett in the ,sunday ,school ,times1 8are probably not more than half a million1 but upon the thorough and systematic character of the religious work done among these depends the hope of the future of the church of ,india4 ,these are to be the army for ,india's conquest4 ,the day of opportunity is soon to come to ,india as it has come to ,japan and to ,china4 ,a great crisis is approaching when there will be a death-grapple in the open between ,christianity and the opposing forces4 ,then will be needed as never before an ,indian church1 rich in men and women able and fit for the fight40 ,sidenote3 ,an ,indian girl redeemed4 ,that ,india's children with all their handicaps are capable of being made 8fit for the fight0 can be abundantly proven4 ,a letter from a missionary friend tells of a little ,indian protege1 now a grown woman1 who was the child of a drunken father and a half crazy1 evil-tempered mother1 who1 in a brawl1 lamed her poor baby for life4 ,the child was sent away to school after her father's death1 and it seemed as if it were to prove her salvation4 ,but at the age of fourteen the old evil propensities broke forth4 ,she became foul-tongued1 irreverent1 disobedient1 and diseased4 ,she was sent to visit her mother1 then an inmate of an insane asylum1 where the girl was placed under observation and declared to be a moral degenerate4 ,the fact that she was perfectly satisfied to stay at the asylum was a cause of great distress to her missionary friend1 and soon a number of earnest workers banded themselves to pray for her 8literally night and day40 ,a wonderful change came over the girl2 the seed sown in earlier years sprang up and bore fruit4 ,she asked to be allowed to leave the asylum1 and soon after taking a position she gave her heart to ,christ4 ,far out on the western frontier of ,india1 a woman1 growing in grace and character1 is compounding medicines1 and otherwise helping in a mission hospital1 occupying a difficult and trying position4 ,oh6 was she not worth saving1--that little1 lame1 degenerate baby1 born in the degradation of darkest ,india1 and accomplishing a work today that you or ,i could not do8 ,sidenote3 ,work for the children of ,turkey and ,persia4 ,what is there for the children to do in lands that have lately been convulsed with war and revolution8 ,who will fill the places of able-bodied men1 maimed and slain in battle8 ,who is to reconstruct and upbuild and guide through long years to come the countries that have been shaken to their very foundations8 ,the only hope of ,turkey and ,persia is in their children1 and what is done by ,christians for these children today will determine very largely the course of history in the 8near ,east40 ,sidenote3 ,persian school boys4 ,the boys' school at ,teheran1 ,persia1 has won the name of a 8factory06 ,among the ,mohammedan boys brought here1 is a little fellow whose father said to the missionary1 8,i hear this is a factory where you manufacture men4 ,do you think you can turn out a man from my boy80#ajd ,such 8factories0 are needed throughout ,turkey and ,persia1 and those who know the boys of these countries will assure you that they are capable of turning out to be men if they have the proper opportunities4 ,when the self-supporting ,christian boarding school for ,mohammedan boys was started in ,teheran1 the missionaries naturally felt a good deal of concern as to the results of such an experiment4 ,the actual results are thus reported1-- 8,not only has it been somewhat more than self-supporting financially1 but1 thanks to the co-operative plan initiated from the beginning1 into which the boys entered with enthusiasm1 and in which they showed a most admirable spirit throughout the year1 a good share of the management and government was taken by the boys themselves in a most efficient manner1--of course under the close supervision of my wife and myself40#aje ,sidenote3 ,testimony of ,wm4 ,e4 ,curtiss4 ,the following testimony of ,william ,e4 ,curtiss1 the world-famous correspondent of the ,chicago ,record ,herald1 written after an extended visit to the ,orient1 would seem to be convincing proof that missionaries can give and ,turkish children can profit by that which will re-mould and upbuild the remnants of the ,turkish ,empire4 8,the influence of the ,american schools has been carried to every corner of the ,empire4 ,every student leaving these ,american schools has carried the germ of progress to his sleeping town4 ,he has become a force for the new order wherever he has gone4 ,this influence has been working for a half century or more1 and has been preparing the minds of the people for the great change that has recently come over them4 ,the missionaries do not teach revolution1 they do not encourage revolutionary methods2 but they have always preached and taught liberty1 equality1 fraternity1 and the rights of man40#ajf ,sidenote3 ,syrian girls at work in summer4 ,it is well to remember that the children under missionary influence are being trained not only for what they can be and do in the future1 when they are grown up1 but are being taught to use now what they have learned1 for the benefit of others4 ,listen to the report of what some ,syrian girls did during a summer vacation4 8,an hour ago ,i came home from ,sunday-,school which we are having this summer4 ,we began it the first summer we came to ,k4 444 and twenty children attend4 ,we are teaching them lessons from the ,old ,testament1 and ,i think ,i can say that our school is a real success this year40 8,i am teaching some children ,bible stories and have given one of the boys two papers to make a study of some chapters which ,i have appointed for him40 8,i brought a new ,bible with me1 and ,i try to teach our servant to read it40 ,these few extracts are from letters which ,i have received this summer showing how ,beirut school-girls are trying to give expression to the pass-it-on spirit4 ,all over the country they are busy according to their opportunities4 ,i know of one little girl who last year was in the lowest class of our ,preparatory ,department1 but this year has a school of seventeen every ,sunday afternoon during the vacation4 ,one of her older brothers and a boy cousin taught classes1 but she was both organizer and superintendent4 ,one of the pleasantest gatherings we shall have this fall will be the ,report ,meeting1 when we shall hear from all the pupils about results of their summer efforts for others4 ,fourteen took certain ,bibles home with them1 promising to use them in teaching others to read4#ajg ,is there anything for children to do in countries where as yet no great awakening or startling political upheaval has taken place1 but where missionary influence has been quietly1 steadily at work8 ,what about those 8unoccupied mission fields0 where not even a beginning has been made toward giving the ,gospel message8 ,does ,christ need the children of these lands to be at work for ,him8 ,sidenote3 ,the ,world's ,tragedies4 8,some one thus summarizes #8,the ,world's ,tragedies'3-- #bjg1jjj1jjj bound by caste--from ,hinduism4 #adg1jjj1jjj permeated with atheism--from ,buddhism4 #bef1jjj1jjj chained to a dead past--from ,confucianism4 #age1jjj1jjj under the spell of ,fatalism--from ,mohammedanism4 #bjj1jjj1jjj sitting in darkness--from ,paganism40#ajh ,sidenote3 ,what a slave boy accomplished4 ,let us try to realize that each unit of these vast figures stands for a life that was once an innocent little child1 born into conditions or surroundings similar to those of which we have been studying in this book4 ,think of the future tragedies that may be averted if each little child today is redeemed and begins to work for ,christ4 ,why should there not be thousands of averted or transformed tragedies like those surrounding the life of the little black boy1 born in #ahjf on the ,west ,coast of ,africa8 ,because of certain peculiar circumstances at his birth it was prophesied that he was not to be a devotee of any idol1 but one 8celebrated and distinguished to serve the great and highest ,god40 ,at one time when the house of his prosperous father caught fire1 the little boy rushed in and saved the idols4 ,whereupon it was commonly said1--8,this child will be a great worshiper of the gods2 he will one day restore the gods to our nation40 ,when the child was about fifteen1 a raid was made upon the village by ,mohammedans1 and a large number of women and children were led away captive with ropes around their necks1 young ,ajayi and his mother and grandmother among the number4 ,sold from one person to another1 often bartered for rum or tobacco1 he finally fell into the hands of ,portuguese traders4 ,he and his fellow slaves were rescued by an ,english man-of-war from the ,portuguese vessel1 and he was educated by the ,church ,missionary ,society4 ,he became a school-master1 then preacher1 and finally ,bishop of the native ,church on the ,niger4 ,fourah ,bay ,college1 where he pursued a part of his studies1 was founded as a result of the conviction forced upon the ,church ,missionary ,society that1 if ,africa were to be evangelized1 it must be done chiefly through native agency1 because of the devastating effects of the climate on foreigners4 ,in other words1 ,christ needs the children of ,africa1 to be trained for ,him in places where no one else in the wide world can accomplish the task4 ,illustration3 ,,the ,,hope ,,of ,,africa ,a ,,west ,,african ,,baby ,a ,,group ,,of ,,fang ,,boys1 ,,africa ,on the beautiful white monument1 erected over the grave in ,lagos1 ,sierra ,leone1 can be read these words that give a brief outline of the noble life work of the little slave boy whom some one thought worth saving and training for ,christian service4 ,sacred to the memory of ,,the ,,right ,,rev4 ,,samuel ,,ajayi ,,crowther1 ,d4,d4 ,a ,native of ,osogun1 in the ,yoruba ,country2 ,a ,recaptured and ,liberated ,slave2 ,the ,first ,student in the ,church ,missionary ,society's ,college1 ,at ,fourah ,bay1 ,sierra ,leone2 ,ordained in ,england by the ,bishop of ,london1 ,june #aath1 #ahdc2 ,the ,first ,native ,clergyman of the ,church of ,england in ,west ,africa1 ,consecrated ,bishop1 ,june #bith1 #ahfd4 ,a ,faithful1 ,earnest1 and ,devoted ,missionary in ,connection ,with the ,church ,missionary ,society for #fb ,years1 ,at ,sierra ,leone1 in the ,timini and ,yoruba ,countries ,and in the ,niger ,territory2 ,he ,accompanied the ,first ,royal ,niger ,expedition in #ahda2 ,was a joint founder with others of the ,yoruba ,mission in #ahde1 ,and ,founder of the ,niger ,mission in #aheg2 ,and of the ,self-,supporting ,niger ,delta ,pastorale in #ahia4 ,he fell asleep in ,jesus at ,lagos1 on the #cast ,december1 #ahia1 ,aged about #hi ,years4 8,well done1 thou good and faithful servant1 444 ,enter thou into the joy of thy ,lord40 ,matt4 #be3e4 8,redeemed by ,his ,blood40#aji ,sidenote3 ,trained native workers necessary4 ,our story of ,the ,child will not be complete unless we pay close attention to one of the great fundamental policies of ,christian missions1--alluded to above1--that the work of world evangelization must be accomplished chiefly through trained natives of the countries where the ,gospel is not known4 ,and these agents1 in order to be most efficient and successful should be won to ,christ in early life4 ,the methods used by ,bishop ,selwyn in the ,new ,hebrides were so successful and interesting and illustrate this point so thoroughly that it will pay us to study them4 ,sidenote3 ,methods of ,bishop ,selwyn in the ,pacific ,islands4 ,bishop ,augustus ,selwyn1 of the ,episcopalian ,church of ,new ,zealand1 proposed to secure children of the natives in the new fields1 educate these children in schools of a ,christian country1 and send them as pioneer missionaries to their own peoples4 ,he proposed1 also1 that1 after these children had overcome the pagan opposition1 white missionaries should be introduced for co-operating with them4 8,the white corks10 he said1 8were for floating the black net40 ,with this in view1 in #ahdh1 he made a voyage of exploration in ,h4 ,m4 ,s4 ,dido as far as to the ,loyalty ,islands4 ,observing that the ,fijis1 the ,southern ,hebrides1 and several other groups were occupied by other religious denominations which were doing successful work1 he chose for his field the groups not thus occupied4 ,these were the ,northern ,hebrides1 ,banks1 ,santa ,cruz1 ,torres1 ,reef1 and ,solomon ,groups4444 ,over these islands the trail of the ,serpent has extended4 ,a wilder1 more besotted1 and fiercer people than their inhabitants it would be hard to find4 ,with the exception of the natives of the ,santa ,cruz and ,reef ,islands1 they all were formerly cannibals1 and those of them in the ,solomon ,group were also head-hunters4444 ,the work of procuring boys proved to be difficult and perilous4 ,by great tact and a kind and courteous manner the ,bishop secured in his first trip five4 ,in process of time he was able to employ the boys1 who had been some time in his school1 to do the soliciting1 and then he was more successful4 ,each succeeding year the natives received him with greater cordiality1 and more readily supplied his vessel with stores of taro1 yams1 and fruit4 ,the number of boys in the school has been one hundred and fifty to two hundred4 ,on ,norfold ,island a thousand acres of land were purchased for the school at a cost of ten thousand dollars4 ,in this tract a beautiful chapel was built1 and around it houses for the teachers and pupils4 ,the land was very fertile1 and was easily made to produce almost all the food the school needed4 ,the boys were taught the gospel of work4 ,they were trained in the mechanic trades1 the cultivation of the ground1 and the care of livestock2 and to each of them was committed a small garden for him to cultivate for himself4 ,they were kept in the school six to ten years1 and then taken1 as teachers1 to their homes or to other islands4 ,in #ahed ,rev4 ,john ,coleridge ,patteson joined the mission4 ,he had been moved when fourteen years of age1 by a sermon of ,bishop ,selwyn1 to devote himself to the missionary cause4 ,in #ahfa he was consecrated as the ,first ,bishop of ,milanesia4444 ,the ,milanesians who have embraced ,christianity have ceased from their cannibalism1 their head-hunting1 and their warfare1 and have become an humble1 upright1 and peace-loving people4 ,in #aije the number of baptized persons in the groups of the mission was #b1haa1 of white missionaries1 #da1 of native teachers1 #fhi1 of mission stations1 #bjj4aaj ,sidenote3 ,children at work for ,christ in ,korea4 ,the ,child at work for ,christ6 ,would that it were possible to give to the women of our ,american ,missionary ,societies and to the young women of our schools and colleges a vision of the children of many lands who are today at work1--realizing as did the ,christ ,child that they must be about their ,father's business4 ,in ,korea1 we shall find that a question asked of each man1 woman1 and child who wishes to become a church member is1--8,have you tried to win a soul for ,jesus ,christ80 ,not long ago the children in one section of ,korea demanded a half holiday1 and in the leisure time thus obtained the five hundred children won eight hundred others into the church4#aaa ,sidenote3 ,in ,burma4 ,away up in the ,karen ,hills of ,burma the first mission tour of exploration to a certain point was made with a company which included a number of school boys1 among whom were some sweet singers4 ,on associating with the ,red ,karen children1 they quickly made acquaintance and were valuable workers4 ,great was the enthusiasm among the little ,red ,karens when classes were formed in reading and singing1 and with surprising quickness they learned from their eager young teachers1 who were glad to pass on to other children what they had so recently acquired themselves4#aab ,sidenote3 ,generous givers in ,japan4 ,not only are the children under missionary influence trained to work1 but they are also taught the joy and privilege of giving4 ,here is the method employed by ,mrs4 ,mc,cauley of ,japan4 ,the ,sunday-,school children in ,keimo ,no4 #a and ,no4 #b1 ,tokyo1 under ,mrs4 ,mc,cauley1 take up a collection every ,sabbath4444 ,the children coming from heathen homes cannot ask their parents for money to put into this collection1 so must practice self-denial to be able to give4 ,the money for a boiled sweet potato purchased near the school building from a vendor1 two rin1 is saved by taking a smaller potato1 and the lunch is none the less palatable because the child has made a little sacrifice1 and these two rin1 as they rattle in the collection box1 are music in his ears and joy--the joy of giving1--in his heart4 ,i happen to be one of the ,auditors of the accounts at the ,leper ,home1 and this year we closed the books with deficit1--a debt of two hundred and sixteen yen1--and we were troubled1 having no resources4 ,i looked over the ,sunday-,school collections1 and found we had in the treasury nearly twenty-five yen1 and ,i told the scholars about the dear little girl just thirteen1 who is a leper and can never again be well1 but is the light of the ,home4 ,when the women get discouraged and cry1 this little angel puts her arms about them and says1 8,auntie1 dear ,auntie1 don't cry2 we will soon1 all of us1 have new bodies40 ,two boys of fifteen are there--their companions like themselves are lepers4 8,now1 children1 we need money2 you have some2 will you give it there1 all or some part of it8 ,how many say all8 ,let us see the hands03 and every little hand1 kindergarten and all1 went up1 and we made it twenty-five yen to send to the ,treasurer of our ,leper ,home4 ,i then told them to tell their parents of how we spend the money given by the little ones1 and we reviewed the places we had helped from our mite3 ,for five years an ,ainu ,school2 ,red ,cross ,society1 two years2 ,charity ,hospital1 two years2 ,okayama ,orphanage1 two years2 destitute soldiers1 one year2 comfort bags during war2 famine sufferers1 one year2 flood sufferers1 one year2 earthquake sufferers1 one year2 ,lepers' ,home1 this year2 medicine for sick pupils1 often2 help at funerals for poor families of school4 ,these children when they grow up and enter the church will be systematic givers and know what benevolence is4#aac ,sidenote3 ,missionary gifts in mission lands4 ,it brings tears to the eyes and joy to the heart to see how eagerly children of one mission land devote their little gifts to sending the ,gospel to children of some other land4 ,it seems the most natural thing in the world to lead them into missionary giving1 and many a children's band in ,america might be put to shame by the joy and spontaneity of those who are themselves objects of missionary giving4 8,one day early in the fall10 writes ,miss ,alice ,b4 ,caldwell of ,marsovan1 ,turkey1 8while walking in the school garden ,i noticed two little girls strolling up and down the path arm in arm4 ,they were chattering in their vivacious way1 and one of them was making her crochet needle fly as fast as her tongue4 ,on my inquiring what she was making1 she held up a dainty bag1 and several little interpreters informed me that it was for the ,christian ,endeavor ,bazaar4 ,after that day ,i saw many busy fingers on the playground making the most of the hours out of doors4 8,the ,junior ,endeavorers help to support a little girl in a ,chinese school1 and they were getting ready for a bazaar to help make the money for their adopted child40#aad ,sidenote3 ,children from missions fields helping to save ,america4 ,if we are touched by such stories as the above1 which can be multiplied many times over1 what is our feeling about those who are serving and helping our own ,christian land because they were won to ,christ in childhood on the mission field8 ,we are thinking of one young woman whose parents became ,christians under missionary influence1 and who grew up in a ,christian home among many persecutions and adverse circumstances from without4 ,when1 in the course of time1 her widowed mother immigrated to ,america1 the girl1 already a devoted ,christian1 entered a training school in this country4 ,today she is working in six languages for thousands of immigrants in a ,new ,england city1--doing a work that few ,americans could ever hope to accomplish4 ,merely as a business investment or a patriotic effort1 the money contributed to the ,mission ,board1 which brought about this result1 has been more than profitable4 ,here is the record of another good investment made in ,china3-- ,some years ago there entered the ,true ,light ,seminary a bright little girl of thirteen1 who1 under the wise and gentle training of ,miss ,noyes1 gave her heart to ,christ and united with the church1 becoming thereafter one of the best pupils in the school4 ,her great desire was to become a teacher1 but since three years of age she had been betrothed by her father to the son of a heathen family--the betrothal by ,chinese law being almost equivalent to a marriage--it became her duty to fulfil the promise made for her1 and at the completion of her course of study she married the man of her father's choice4 ,the marriage did not prove a happy one2 the husband's business took him much away1 leaving his wife alone1 and at the end of three years he died suddenly of plague4 ,the young wife1 thus unexpectedly set free for service1 at once took up her desired work1 and after teaching for three years in ,hongkong was called to a position in a ,congregational school in ,canton4444 ,in the spring of #aiaj it came about that one of the benefactions of ,mr4 ,andrew ,carnegie came to the ,occidental ,home in ,san ,francisco1 and when the question arose as to what should be done with the gift it could but seem that the long-sought opportunity had come to secure a ,chinese teacher to live with the girls in the ,home and to train them in their own tongue4 ,so it came to pass that ,yeung ,mo ,owen1 or ,mrs4 ,yeung1 as she is known in ,america1 led in these various ways1 became an inmate of the ,mission ,home in ,san ,francisco1 teacher of ,chinese to the girls1 both in the ,home and in the ,occidental ,board ,day ,school1 and incidentally a blessing not only to the ,home and to the ,chinese ,church1 but also to ,chinatown1 and to the ,board itself4444 8,i have never seen such a lovely face1 never been so impressed by a ,chinese woman10 said one long in the work in ,california4 8,now you see what our native ,christian women are like10 quickly responded a missionary who was present4#aae ,sidenote3 ,missionary children at work4 ,the story of the ,child at ,work for ,christ would not be complete without making mention of the missionary children who in such large numbers are trying to do their share toward bringing the ,kingdom of ,christ to this world4 8,if one life shines1 the life next to it must catch the light10 and the joy and privilege of mission service in all its beauty1--and in all its trial and discouragement as well1--are well known to the missionary boy and girl4 ,even little four year old ,annie had her share of discouragement when her parents returned to their field of work after a furlough during which ,annie had forgotten all languages but ,english4 ,when she heard her mother speaking of women's meetings and various forms of work as she took them up1 one by one1 ,annie decided to do her share also4 ,picking up her dolly1 she trotted down to the gate to be a missionary to the little ,turkish girls next door4 ,sadly she came back again to report1 8,mother1 the children cannot speak the ,american language40 ,let no one think that because missionary children are 8used to0 the country and the language1 the climate and food and presence of the 8natives10 it is always easy and natural for them to return to their parents' field of labor4 ,just because they have been familiar with it all from childhood1 the surroundings and opportunities of the homeland1--their own rightful heritage1--seem desirable beyond words and hard to relinquish4 ,to the missionary children who return to the field1 the halo of romance surrounding the step is non-existent1--they go with open eyes to what they know about4 ,and yet they go1 large numbers of them1 and it might be well to ask of your ,mission ,boards whether their services are valuable to the cause or not4 ,a newspaper clipping a few years ago gave these statistics3-- 8,nearly one-third of the missionaries of the ,american ,board of ,india and ,ceylon are the children or grandchildren of missionaries who were sent out by the ,board two or three generations ago4 ,in the three ,india missions1 including ,ceylon1 there are now ninety-five ,american laborers1 nineteen of whom were children and eleven grandchildren of missionaries40 ,it would be interesting to get the statistics of other ,missions and ,boards on this subject and to compare the results of their work with some of the psychological statements quoted in the early chapters of this book regarding heredity and early training4 ,sidenote3 ,american children at work for ,christ4 ,what part are our own precious children in ,christian ,america to have in this great subject1--the ,child at ,work for ,christ8 ,are they alone to be left out1 or to have but a paltry share in the glorious work of giving the ,gospel of ,christ to the whole world8 ,if the work is worth doing1 if the result justifies the effort1 if the children of the world need ,christ1 then it is unjust1 unfair1 un-,christian1 to deny our children a share in the labor and the reward4 ,nor may we deny them the training and teaching that will make them realize not only the need1 but--the one only adequate way in which that need may be satisfied4 ,a few words from the pen of ,dr4 ,william ,adams ,brown emphasize very practically the need of this 8only adequate way40 ,sidenote3 ,the one great need of the world4 ,there are many persons today who are ready to recognize the beneficent work done by foreign missionaries for the social welfare of the peoples among whom they have been working1 who have no sympathy with the religious motives which animate them4 ,why1 they ask1 can we not have the hospital and the school without the doctrines that go with them8 ,they forget that it is faith in the realities which the doctrines express which alone has made the missionary enterprise possible4 ,had it not been for the belief that man is an immortal spirit capable of communion with ,god1 and meant for fellowship with ,him throughout all eternity1 we should have had no ,livingstone or ,moffatt or ,paton4 ,james ,russell ,lowell saw this clearly when he spoke the striking sentences which have often been quoted1 but which will bear quoting again3-- 8,when the keen scrutiny of skeptics has found a place on this planet where a decent man may live in decency1 comfort1 and security1 supporting and educating his children unspoiled and unpolluted1 a place where age is reverenced1 infancy protected1 womanhood honored1 and human life held in due regard1--when skeptics can find such a place ten miles square on this globe1 where the ,gospel of ,christ has not gone before and cleared the way and laid foundations that made decency and security possible1 it will then be in order for these skeptical literati to move thither and there ventilate their views4 ,but so long as these men are dependent on the very religion which they discard for every privilege they enjoy1 they may well hesitate to rob the ,christian of his hope and humanity of its faith in the ,saviour who alone has given to men that hope of eternal life which makes life tolerable and society possible1 and robs death of its terrors and the grave of its gloom40#aaf ,sidenote3 ,children trained to systematic giving4 ,is there anything more beautiful and spontaneous than the generosity of a child who has learned to give to others because of its love for ,christ8 ,the churches that are systematically training their children to give have a great future before them4 ,says ,the ,spirit of ,missions3 8,there is an old ,scotch proverb that #8,mony a mickle maks a muckle4' ,nowhere is this more effectively demonstrated than in the ,lenten offering given each year by the ,sunday-,schools of the church4 ,this movement was begun thirty-five years ago in the diocese of ,pennsylvania1 and almost at once it spread throughout the church4 ,year by year the volume of gifts has grown1 until for the whole period they have reached the amazing sum of #b1fah1bij4hf4 ,the gifts which have produced this result have come from all quarters of the earth and from all manner of children4 ,youngsters in ,alaska have shovelled snow and others in ,california have raised flowers to earn their money for this purpose4 ,the negro boys and girls of ,africa1 the peons of ,mexico1 the ,igorotes of the ,philippines1 and the brown and yellow children of ,japan and ,china have gathered the odd coins of their several countries in common with the children of the mountains and prairies1 the small towns and the great cities of the ,united ,states40#aag ,one who had spent some years in ,india tells of an experience in ,chicago that brings the quick tears to one's eyes4 ,sidenote3 ,from ,chicago to ,india4 8,i had been telling the children at ,olivet ,institute in ,chicago of the little girls in ,fatehgarh who called ,christmas the ,great ,day and who had never had any ,great ,day to look forward to at all until they had come to the mission school2 of ,gunga ,de1 who had worked so hard to deserve a doll on the ,great ,day and learned the ,beatitudes and her psalms and prayers1 only to have her ,hindu father take her away to bathe in the ,ganges so that she would miss the prize giving1 and of her joy when she found the doll waiting for her the next day4 ,afterwards as ,i stood waiting for the car on a dreary sordid ,halstead ,street corner1 a little stranger who had wandered into the meeting came and stood beside me4 ,a thin shawl was over her head1 and the hand that held it together under her chin was thin and blue with the cold4 ,there were dark circles under her eyes1 and the little face had no look of childhood about it4 8#8,say1 missus1' she began1 #8you forgot something4' 8#8,what did ,i forget8' ,i asked1 puzzled4 8#8,you forgot to tell us how we could send things to those children out in ,india4 ,i've got a doll--she has no head--but ,i like her--and two picture cards4 ,maybe ,i will get some more1 so ,i would like to send those4'0#aah ,we can almost hear the ,master say of the little1 pitiful1 weary-eyed child1 8,whosoever shall humble himself as this little child1 the same is the greatest in the ,kingdom of ,heaven40 ,sidenote3 ,giving our children4 ,perhaps some mother may fear that if she trains her child to feel a personal responsibility for the children of far-off lands the day may come when the dear one will look into her face and say1 8,mother1 ,i must go4 ,i hear the call to tell others of the ,christ whom ,i love60 ,blessed is that mother who can answer1 though there may be a sharp catch of the breath and a tightening of the heart strings1 8,if ,he call thee1 thou shalt say1 #8,speak1 ,lord1 for thy servant heareth4'0 ,a mother can never afford to let her child lose out of its life the very best and highest possibility1 and when ,god calls to a service1 there is nothing greater that can come to a life than the blessing found in the pathway of obedience4 ,what do the children of the world most need8 ,who is going to supply that need8 ,how is it to be accomplished8 ,how quickly shall it be done8 ,in the name of the little ,child of ,bethlehem let every ,christian woman answer these questions honestly and prayerfully1 opening wide her heart of hearts to love and care and work for ,the ,child in the ,midst4 ,sidenote3 ,the world needs the ,holy ,child4 ,a traveller was visiting several missionary lands1 and while in ,korea had the joy of training twenty-four missionary children for an exercise in the ,gospel of ,luke4 ,she says1 8,as one little boy stood before an audience to repeat the lines quoted below1 it seemed a call to the ,christian world for the children3 8,the world was dark with care and woe1 ,with brawl and pleasure wild2 ,when in the midst1 ,his love to show1 ,god set a ,child4 8,the sages frowned1 their heads they shook1 ,for pride their heart beguiled4 ,they said1 each looking on his book1 #8,we want no ,child4' 8,the merchants turned toward their scales1 ,around their wealth they piled2 ,said they1 #8#8,tis gold alone prevails2 #8,we want no ,child4' 8,the soldiers rose in noisy sport2 ,disdainfully they smiled2 ,and said1 #8,can babes the shield support8 #8,we want no ,child4' 8,then said the ,lord1 #8,o world of care1 ,so blinded and beguiled1 ,thou must receive for thy repair ,a ,holy ,child4'0#aai ,illustration3 ,,the ,,children ,,of ,,tunis ,,are ,,worth ,,helping ,,quotations ,,praying ,,children ,,in ,,korea ,sometimes little children learn about ,jesus in some way and become ,christians before their parents do4 ,three years ago1 after a meeting in the country at a place called ,top ,chai1 in ,korea1 two small boys1 each nine years old1 came up and told me that they were friends and had been believing in ,jesus for a year1 but that none of their parents had been ,christians4 ,they said1 8,we want you to pray every day with us that our parents may believe in ,jesus40 ,i wrote their names in a little book and did pray as they asked me to1 and every time ,i met the boys after that ,i would ask if their parents had become ,christians yet4 8,no10 they would say1 8not yet1 but they are going to40 ,last spring1 just before ,i left ,korea1 ,i went to ,top ,chai to say good-bye1 and one of the boys came to me with the brightest smile you ever saw and said1 8,my father has been sick for a long time but is better now1 and has promised to come to church just as soon as he is able40 ,and back of him stood the other boy holding a smaller boy by the hand4 8,pastor10 he said1 8this is my younger brother1 who has become a ,christian1 and my father has been coming to church all winter40 ,a bright1 manly little fellow in my church in ,pyeng ,yang had been a ,christian only about a year when he succeeded in getting his mother to come to church with him4 ,soon after the mother decided to be a ,christian1 this boy became very sick and his mother was very angry at ,god about it4 8,see10 she said1 8this is what ,i get for being a ,christian40 ,he plead with her not to feel that way about it1 and tried to get her to pray with him2 but she refused1 saying1 8,i will never pray again40 ,one day1 just before he died1 he held out his hands to her1 saying1 8,mother1 come pray with me now10 but she turned her face away and sat down in a corner1 and he began praying alone in ,korean1 8,hanale ,kai sin1 uri abage10 8,our ,father who art in ,heaven10 and1 as he was praying1 he died4 ,the next day his poor mother came to our house and told my wife all about it and cried as if her heart would break because she had let him die without praying with him4 ,i think ,god will let this boy know in some way in heaven that his mother did repent after he went away4 7,w4 ,n4 ,blair1 ,the ,foreign ,post1 ,may1 #aiaj47 ,,training ,,the ,,children ,,of ,,the ,,pacific ,,islands ,in #ahhh1 ,rev4 ,w4 ,wyatt ,gill1 in a meeting in ,london1 gave a statement of his work as a missionary in the ,hervey ,islands since #ahea4 8,he spoke of the former condition of the people1 of their love of revenge and of their human sacrifices1 of the bloody feuds that existed among them1 of the rule1 followed by all1 of keeping alive only two children in the family1 and of the whole aspect of their lives as something fearful2 and stated that all this had been changed through the influence of ,christianity4 ,he remarked that to see a people who were once cannibals partaking of the ,lord's ,supper has been most delightful4 ,looking around upon the assembly gathered for this purpose he had seen the bread administered by one to a man whose father that man had murdered1 or the reverse4 ,he stated that the work of evangelization in many of the ,south ,pacific ,islands had been done almost entirely by natives trained in the ,avarua ,school2 that hundreds of these natives have sacrificed their lives to carry the ,gospel to their brethren1 and that sixty of ,mr4 ,gill's own church have been killed while acting as missionaries40 7,alexander1 8,islands of the ,pacific10 p4 #aba4 ,am4 ,tract ,soc47 ,,influence ,,of ,a ,,picture ,,card ,once a month we give each girl a picture card4 ,these were sent to us by children in ,american ,sunday-,schools1 and each time we explain to the child that the card was sent by a little boy or girl in far-away ,america4 ,one day on our way home we stopped at a shop1 and two of our little girls seeing us drew near with the cards in hand4 ,a man sitting by asked one1 a clever little girl1 where she got her picture4 ,she didn't say1 8,my teacher gave it to me10 but answered1 8,a little girl in far-away ,america sent it to me40 ,his next question1 8,why did she send it to you80 ,to which she replied1 8,because she loves me60 ,then1 as he continued to question her1 she began to explain the picture4 ,it happened to be ,christ delivering the ,sermon on the ,mount4 ,it was only a child-like explanation given by a child of seven or eight years1 but the man was really interested4 ,as we wended our way ,i thought of the hundred and twenty-seven cards we had given out that day1 and the many hundreds that had been given in days past1 and wondered how many real ,christian sermons had been preached by little ,hindu and ,mohammedan girls by means of these small cards4 7,woman's ,work1 ,april1 #aiab1 ,bessie ,lawton1 ,fatehgarh47 ,,bible ,,reading ,revealed unto ,babes--,expressed by ,babes4 ,luke #b3da-di4 ,matt4 #aa3be1 #bg4 ,matt4 #ba3ad-af4 ,the things that are hidden from the wise and prudent are understood by children4 ,how near a child is to the ,heart of the ,great ,infinite2 how naturally he expresses his love and praise4 ,as the twelve-year old ,boy in the ,temple understood ,his connection with ,his ,father's work1 as the children in the ,temple comforted the sorrowing ,saviour with their praise1 so the children of today may understand and do for ,christ what the wise and prudent cannot4 8,we are facing tremendous problems and great contests which our children have got to settle4 ,can we not educate these men and women of tomorrow in the world brotherhood that goes back through all the centuries and finds its beginning in the heart of the ,boy of ,twelve80 ,l4 ,w4 ,peabody4 ,,prayer ,we beseech ,thee1 ,o most merciful ,father1 for all ,thy little children who dwell in darkness and in the shadow of evil that is in the world2 that it may please ,thee to have pity on them1 and to gather them by the kindly hand of ,thy true servants1 into the light of the ,christian fold1 that they may sit at the feet of ,jesus and learn of ,him4 ,so let ,thy truth be manifest from generation to generation1 and the whole family of mankind rejoice together in ,thy mercy1 through ,jesus ,christ1 the ,saviour of the world4 ,amen4 7,the ,book of ,common ,prayer47 ,,questions #a4 ,what are some of the problems that must in all probability be confronted fifteen years hence in ,china8 in ,japan8 in ,india8 in ,thibet8 ,turkey8 in ,central ,africa8 #b4 ,what agencies1 native and foreign1 are preparing children to solve these problems8 #c4 ,how are the children of your home and church and community being trained along missionary lines8 #d4 ,what are you doing to help them8 ,,bibliography ,a ,little ,child ,shall ,lead ,them4 ,wom4 ,bd4 ,for4 ,miss4 ,ref4 ,ch4 in ,am4 ,the ,black ,bishop1 ,jesse ,page4 7,revell47 ,the ,islands of the ,pacific1 ,alexander4 7,am4 ,tract ,soc47 ,see current newspapers and magazines for up-to-date material for this chapter4 ,,footnotes3 #ie ,woman's ,work1 ,july1 #aiaa4 #if ,told in ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,june1 #aiac4 #ig ,told in ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,june1 #aiac4 #ih ,sixth ,annual ,report of the ,kindergarten ,union of ,japan4 #ii 8,testimony of a ,college ,student10 ,wom4 ,for4 ,miss'y ,soc4 ,pres4 ,ch4 #ajj ,rev4 ,c4 ,r4 ,mayes1 ,m4 ,d41 in ,n4 ,american ,student1 ,may1 #aiac4 #aja ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,march1 #aiac4 #ajb ,record of ,christian ,work1 ,march1 #aiac4 #ajc ,the ,continent1 ,june #ab1 #aiac4 #ajd ,told in ,foreign ,post1 ,dec41 #aijf4 #aje ,rev4 ,s4 ,m4 ,jordon in 8,the ,new ,persia10 ,pres4 ,bd4 ,for4 ,miss4 #ajf ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,august1 #aiaa4 #ajg ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,august1 #aiaa4 #ajh ,new ,york ,city ,mission ,monthly1 ,may1 #aiac4 #aji 8,the ,black ,bishop10 ,jesse ,page1 p4 #cgi4 7,revell47 #aaj 8,islands of the ,pacific10 ,alexander4 ,am4 ,tract ,society4 #aaa ,told in ,over ,sea and ,land1 ,april1 #aiac4 #aab ,told in 8,sketches from the ,karen ,hills10 ,alonzo ,bunker4 7,revell47 #aac ,j4 ,k4 ,mc,cauley in ,foreign ,post1 ,october1 #aijh4 #aad ,life and ,light1 ,april1 #aiab1 p4 #afh4 ,alice ,b4 ,caldwell4 #aae ,woman's ,work1 ,june1 #aiab1 p4 #add4 ,mrs4 ,e4 ,f4 ,hall1 ,berkeley1 ,cal4 #aaf 8,the ,christian ,hope10 ,w4 ,a4 ,brown1 p4 #bjj4 7,scribner47 #aag ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,april1 #aiac1 p4 #cae4 #aah ,the ,continent1 ,march #bg1 #aiac1 8,dolls from ,chicago to ,fatehgarh1 ,india10 ,louise ,atherton ,dickey4 #aai ,miss ,caroline ,l4 ,palmer in ,missionary ,review of the ,world1 ,jan41 #aiah4 ,,appendix ,,chapter ,,vii4 ,,the ,,mother ,,and ,,the ,,christ-,,child 8,behold the handmaid of the ,lord40 ,it is suggested that at some convenient time during the ,christmas season a mass meeting be held for the mothers of the community4 ,special efforts should be made to gather all mothers1 as far as possible2 carriages might be sent for the old mothers1 for special love and deference is due to them2 and arrangements should be made for care of babies1 so that young mothers may be free to attend4 ,if so desired1 the program may include selections of stories and quotations from the foregoing chapters1 and some of the prayers may be used4 ,let all ,christian mothers gather to pray and plan for the children of the world1 in the ,name of the little ,child of ,bethlehem4 ,,bible ,,reading ,luke #a3bf-ce1 #ch1 #df-ee #b3ai1 #ea4 ,the angel addressed the holy mother as 8highly favored10 8the ,lord with thee40 ,god's presence in her life was a reason why she could be trusted with the greatest responsibility ever given to a woman1 to bring up1 to teach and guard the most wonderful child ever born4 ,contrast how royal princesses are seldom entrusted with the care and training of future kings and emperors4 ,vs4 #df-ee4 ,mary's appreciation of what ,god had done for her personally1--her wider vision of what her experience was to mean to the world4 ,she accepted the trust and believed the amazing promise1 7v4 #ch7 but realized that the present and future generations were to share in the blessing 7vs4 #dh1 #ed1 #ee47 ,ch4 #b3ai1 #ea4 ,mary kept in her heart all the strange1 wonderful occurrences1 pondering them1 trying to understand ,god's dealings1 and to bring herself and her actions into line with them4 ,she realized that hers was an unusual task1 and set herself to watch and understand its meaning4 ,,prayer ,oh ,lord1 our ,heavenly ,father1 we pray for ,thy rich blessing upon this gathering of mothers1 and upon the mothers of this community4 ,grant to each one of our children those blessings of body1 mind1 and soul which ,thou seest they most need4 ,grant to each father and mother the wisdom1 love1 and courage1 and1 above all1 the personal acquaintance with ,thee that shall enable them to train their children for useful1 happy1 ,christian manhood and womanhood1 and to love and serve ,thee for time and for eternity4 ,we beseech ,thee1 in the name of the ,holy ,child of ,bethlehem1 to remember our homes and the homes of the whole earth with ,thy ,fatherly blessing4 ,guard little children throughout the world from sin and sorrow and suffering1 from cruel neglect and oppression1 from growing up in vice and ignorance4 ,stir the hearts of ,thy servants at this glad time of the ,children's ,festival1 to take the knowledge of the blessed ,christ-,child to the remotest corners of the earth1 that all children may learn to know ,him1 and may grow up into ,his likeness4 ,we ask it in the name of ,thy ,holy ,child ,jesus4 ,amen4 8,holy night6 peaceful night6 ,through the darkness beams a light ,yonder1 where they sweet vigils keep ,o'er the ,babe1 who1 in silent sleep1 ,rests in heavenly peace4 8,silent night6 holiest night6 ,darkness flies and all is light6 ,shepherds hear the angels sing-- #8,hallelujah6 hail the ,king6 ,jesus ,christ is here6' 8,silent night6 holiest night6 ,wondrous ,star6 oh1 lend thy light6 ,with the angels let us sing1 ,hallelujah to our ,king6 ,jesus ,christ is here60 ,what a significant fact it is that1 of all religions1 ,christianity is the only one which lays emphasis on the childhood of its ,founder6 ,mohammedan tradition weaves the most marvelous and fantastic tales about the infancy and childhood of the man who founded it1 though none of these are mentioned in the ,koran4 ,but how different are these extravagant and often disgusting stories1 from the wonderful ,gospel story of the ,christ-,child4 ,no other child ever born into this world has had such honor done to the event of his birth1 or has been able to inspire in millions of hearts through generation after generation the joy of remembering others1 the delight of expressing love by gifts1 the glory of 8goodwill among men10 that mark the ,christmas time4 ,few of those who live in a ,christian land can realize the effect of the mere observance of the ,christmas festival on those who never heard of ,christ4 ,christmas ,day1 although of course not celebrated by non-,christians1 is nevertheless called in ,india 8the great day of the year10 by thousands of ,hindus and ,mohammedans4 ,dr4 ,badley of ,lucknow1 in commenting on the fact1 says3-- 8,the heathen people of course do not celebrate ,christmas2 they know that ,christians do1 however1 and this simple fact1 so constantly observed1 causes them to think about the power of ,christianity4 ,many are led to ask1 #8,who was ,christ8 ,what did ,he do8 ,why do the ,christians observe ,his birthday8' ,these inquiries call forth various answers1 discussion follows1 and thus the whole nation with its many millions of people1 is thinking and talking about the world's ,saviour40 ,would that every mother in ,america might have a vision today of a ,christless home in a ,christless land1 and then of that home transformed1 and taking its share in the festival of the ,christ-,child6 ,when once the spirit of the blessed ,christ has touched a heart or a home or a community1 there is a transformation4 ,is there any other anniversary that inspires the blessed joy of giving that belongs to the ,christmas season8 ,the ,missionary ,link gives a sample of what ,christmas has come to mean to some ,japanese children in ,kyoto1 and the consequences of their celebration3-- 8,last ,christmas the children used the money they had collected in ,sunday-,school to buy charcoal for the poor4 ,as they did not know to whom they should give it1 they asked the policeman to give it to the poorest people he knew4 ,they did not hear any more about it for some time1 when one ,sunday an old woman came to ,sunday-,school1 and asked if this was the place where poor people were helped4 ,she then thanked the children for the charcoal1 telling them it had kept her warm most of the winter4 ,she told them she lived in a tiny room with another old woman1 and1 although she worked very hard sewing1 she could only earn about three cents a day4 ,she had no money to buy charcoal to keep her warm1 and about ,christmas time thought she would throw herself into the river1 as she was of no use to any one4 ,just at that time the children sent her the charcoal1 so she felt that some one really cared for her4 ,she helped in the heathen temple for a little while1 but said the people were so unkind to her she could not stay4 ,now she is studying about ,jesus1 and goes every week to the ,sunday-,school40 ,if such effects follow when little heathen children are taught the story of ,christmas and its significance1 why1 oh why1 should not we mothers send the beautiful message to every little child in the world8 ,,motherhood ,i see them come crowding1 crowding1 ,children of want and pain1 ,dark sorrow their eyes enshrouding1 ,where joy's touch should have lain4 ,they stand in silence beseeching1 ,gaunt faces lifted up1 ,and wan little hands outreaching ,for ,love's forbidden cup4 ,their hearts are restless with yearning1 ,the hearts of my own are stilled1 ,their lips are parched and burning1 ,the cups of my own are filled6 ,i cry in love unsatisfied ,for these without the fold1 ,my mother's arms are open wide ,these weary ones to hold4 ,what though my arms are open wide1 ,only mine own lie near1 ,without still stand those long denied1 ,compassed in want and fear4 ,bowed with the crown of ,motherhood1 ,i seek that ,shepherd of old2 8,how can mine own receive the good ,with some left out of the fold80 7,isabel ,kimball ,whiting in ,the ,survey4 ,by permission47 ,is it enough for us to plan that our own children and those near and dear to us shall be made happy by our ,christmas tokens of love and remembrance8 ,truly it is such a busy1 rushing time that even our regular church work must often be set aside that the ,christmas obligations may be met4 ,but a true mother heart is big enough to take in more1 and ever more1 and the blessing of growth is bestowed on each heart that opens to admit new objects of love4 8,recently10 says the ,outlook1 8a tender1 gentle1 refined woman who has identified herself with those movements which seek to improve the conditions of child life1 said1 #8,i have had a new thought come to me that has made me accept the loss of my little girl with patience1 almost with resignation4 ,god never meant that a woman should be the mother to just one little girl4 ,he meant that every woman should be mother to every child in the world4'0 8,how ,i wish ,i could give a ,christmas present to ,jesus60 said a loving little girl1 her eyes dancing with ,christmas joy as she surveyed the small gifts1 so long planned and carefully prepared for her dear ones4 ,for her the very essence of ,christmas was its expression in visible tokens to those whom she loved4 ,if we mothers long to 8give a ,christmas present to ,jesus10 what could be more acceptable to ,him1 than the dedication of an hour of this busy1 happy ,christmas season to loving prayer and thought for the mothers and children in our own community and throughout the wide world8 ,thus shall we be drawn near to the heart of the great ,father1 and1 if during this hour some angel messenger whispers to our hearts of a special task which ,he is willing to entrust to us1 may we be ready to answer with ,mary of old1--8,behold the handmaid of the ,lord2 be it unto me according to thy word60 ,what blessings shall we ask for the mothers of the world8 ,what do we need for ourselves8 ,unselfish love1 infinite patience1 wisdom and insight1 tact and sympathy1 health to bear the daily strain1 quiet nerves1 a sense of humor that smooths rough places1 a sweet1 strong cheerfulness1 a likeness to ,christ that shall be reflected in the lives of all the members of the household4 8,according to the riches of ,his grace10 ,he is waiting to bestow ,his blessings on the mother hearts waiting here1 before ,him1 and through their intercession1 on the mother hearts of the world4 ,what blessings shall we ask for the children of the world8 ,the same that we ask for our own as we kneel at their bedside1 and our eyes are dim with tears of yearning love1 while we pray that our darlings may be kept from harm and accident1 from all soul stains1 that they may 8grow in wisdom and stature and in favor with ,god and man40 ,is there any blessing you ask for your boy and girl that is not needed by the other children of the world8 8,prayer is cheap10 some say1 8it costs nothing to say a prayer for missions40 ,real prayer is not cheap1--it costs the deepest1 strongest thought one can expend2 it costs time2 it costs the willingness to help to answer one's own prayers in terms of interest and gifts and service4 ,in ,christ's name1 then1 let us pray1 and let us not rest nor be satisfied until every mother in the world1 clasping her child to her bosom1 is truly a holy mother1 and every little child is a holy child4 ,,index ,addams1 ,miss ,jane1 p4 #ib4 8,age of the ,child10 p4 #d4 ,american children at work1 pp4 #bdh1 #bea1 #beb4 ,anti-foot-binding movement1 p4 #cc4 ,applied ,christianity1 p4 #ag4 ,bathing1 pp4 #bb1 #bc4 ,bible1 place of the child in1 p4 #aig2 the power of1 pp4 #bjg1 #bjh4 ,bible reading1 pp4 #da1 #hb1 #abh1 #agb1 #baf1 #bef1 #bfa4 ,bibliography1 pp4 #db1 #hd1 #abh1 #agc1 #bah1 #beg4 ,blind children1 pp4 #aah1 #abj4 ,bunker1 ,alonzo1 p4 #f4 ,burma1 a home in1 p4 #ee4 ,burma1 ,christian children in1 p4 #bdb4 ,burnett1 ,mrs4 ,frances ,hodgson1 p4 #i4 ,caste1 ,india1 p4 #bac4 ,childbirth1 ,china1 p4 #ci2 suffering during1 pp4 #ac1 #ad4 ,child labor1 among ,bedouins1 p4 #ajd2 in ,africa1 p4 #ajd2 in ,persia1 pp4 #aje1 #ajf2 in many lands1 p4 #aje2 need of public sentiment concerning1 p4 #ajc4 ,child marriage1 ,india1 pp4 #fh-gb1 #gi4 ,child slavery1 pp4 #ajg-aaj4 ,child training1 ,persia1 pp4 #eh1 #ei4 ,child wives1 ,persia1 p4 #ha2 ,india1 p4 #aj4 ,child welfare agencies1 p4 #e4 ,child at worship1 ,thibet1 p4 #ahj2 ,india1 pp4 #ahj1 #aha2 ,moslem lands1 pp4 #aha1 #ahb2 ,africa1 pp4 #ahc1 #ahd4 ,children1 of ,india1 needs of1 p4 #c2 of ,persia1 p4 #d2 of ,syria1 p4 #c2 importance of1 p4 #h4 ,children's pavilion1 ,beirut1 p4 #ch4 ,china's awakening1 p4 #bbg4 ,chinese1 mother ideal1 p4 #eg2 mothers1 p4 #aj2 mothers in council1 p4 #bca4 ,christ needs the children1 p4 #bbc4 ,christianity1 in the home1 p4 #gh2 place of child in1 p4 #bfc4 ,christmas1 in ,india1 p4 #bfd2 in ,japan1 p4 #bfe4 ,clothing1 p4 #bc-bd4 ,cochran1 ,mrs4 ,james1 p4 #ba4 ,confucianism1 attitude towards girls1 p4 #ba2 and ,christianity1 pp4 #ahg1 #ahh4 ,conservation of human resources1 p4 #h4 ,contagious diseases1 pp4 #cd-cg4 ,curtis1 ,wm4 ,e41 p4 #bce4 ,crowther1 ,bishop ,samuel ,a41 pp4 #bcg-bci4 ,dale1 ,mrs4 ,g4 ,f41 p4 #ch4 ,deaf and ,dumb children1 pp4 #aah1 #aai4 ,defective and dependent children1 pp4 #aaj-abd4 ,death of children1 pp4 #aif1 #aig4 ,discipline1 lack of1 p4 #eh4 ,devine1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,t41 pp4 #f1 #ca1 #eb4 ,dolls1 in ,central ,africa1 p4 #abf4 ,dying child's doll1 pp4 #aja-ajc4 ,education1 ,africa1 pp4 #agj1 #aga2 divergent views on1 pp4 #acf-ach2 ,japan1 pp4 #aci1 #adj2 ,china1 p4 #ada2 ,india1 pp4 #ada1 #adb2 ,persia1 pp4 #adb-add1 #aed1 #bcd2 ,turkey1 pp4 #adb-add2 ,siam1 pp4 #afh1 #afi2 extent of ,american ,missionary1 pp4 #afc1 #afd2 among backward nations1 pp4 #aea-aec2 of future mothers1 p4 #aef4 ,egypt1 ,lord ,cromer on1 p4 #aee4 ,eugenics1 pp4 #i-aa4 ,evil ,eye1 pp4 #ae-af4 ,evil spirits1 p4 #ag4 ,exner1 ,dr41 p4 #bh4 ,family life1 foundations of1 p4 #fe4 ,famine waifs1 pp4 #aaf1 #aag4 ,fathers1 position of1 pp4 #fa-fd2 ,egyptian1 p4 #fb2 ,african1 p4 #fb2 transformed by ,christianity1 p4 #fc4 ,feast day1 ,arabia1 p4 #abd4 ,feast of dolls1 ,japan1 p4 #ic4 ,feast of flags1 p4 #id4 ,feeding1 pp4 #bf-bh4 ,foerster1 ,dr4 ,f4 ,w4 on education and ,christianity1 pp4 #add1 #ade4 ,foot-binding1 pp4 #cb1 #cc4 ,games1 pp4 #ie-ii4 ,girls1 mothers of1 pp4 #fd1 #fe4 ,giving to missions1 pp4 #bdc1 #bdd1 #bea2 systematic1 p4 #bej4 ,harrison1 ,elizabeth1 p4 #adh4 ,health1 pp4 #ca-cb4 ,heathen baby1 ,a1 p4 #bac4 ,heredity1 pp4 #i1 #aj4 ,hindu ,vedas1 p4 #ahf4 ,holy ,child1 ,the1 pp4 #beb1 #bec4 8,holy ,night10 p4 #bfc4 ,home1 the center of a nation's life1 pp4 #eb-ed2 a transformed1 p4 #gi2 a ,mohammedan in ,persia1 p4 #dg2 a heathen in ,africa1 p4 #di2 a ,christian in ,zululand1 p4 #ea4 ,homes1 disorderly1 p4 #ed2 how to bring ,christ to1 pp4 #gb1 #gc4 ,hygiene1 pp4 #bh-bi4 ,hymns1 p4 #bjh4 ,idol worship1 pp4 #aij1 #aia4 ,india1 infanticide in1 pp4 #ai-ba2 work for children of1 pp4 #bcb1 #bcc4 ,industrial training1 p4 #afc4 ,infant mortality1 pp4 #bd1 #be4 ,infanticide1 pp4 #ah-ba4 ,influence of a picture card1 p4 #bee4 ,influences1 moral and immoral1 pp4 #ef-eh4 ,illiteracy1 statistics1 pp4 #ach1 #aci2 ,sir ,j4 ,o4 ,rees on1 p4 #aci4 ,innocence1 absence of1 p4 #ee4 ,japan1 changes in1 pp4 #bbd-bbg4 ,japan1 ,imperial ,university1 p4 #bbe4 ,junior ,endeavor1 pp4 #bje-bjf4 ,kashmir1 the athletic method in1 pp4 #aei1 #afj4 ,kindergarten children grown up1 p4 #bbf4 ,kindergartens1 need of ,christian1 pp4 #adg-adi4 ,kindergartners1 qualifications of1 p4 #aej2 a ,west ,african1 pp4 #aej1 #aea2 ,union1 ,japan1 pp4 #ade-adg2 ,china1 p4 #adg4 ,koran1 p4 #ahe4 ,korea1 praying children in1 pp4 #bec1 #bed2 ,christian children in1 p4 #bdb4 ,languages used in ,presbyterian schools1 p4 #afd4 ,li ,bi ,cu1 ,dr41 pp4 #bbi-bca4 ,literature1 need for good1 pp4 #afa-afc4 ,lepers1 pp4 #abj-abd4 8,london ,bridge0 in ,africa1 pp4 #if-ig4 ,mary1 the slave child1 pp4 #aji1 #aaj4 ,marriage1 early1 a barrier to education1 pp4 #aed1 #aee4 ,medical practice in non-,christian lands1 pp4 #cd-cf1 #ci4 ,milligan1 ,robt4 ,h41 p4 #aa4 ,missionary children1 p4 #gg2 at work1 pp4 #bdf-bdh4 ,missionary's dream1 ,a1 p4 #bab4 ,missionary education1 reasons for continuing1 p4 #ach2 is it needed1 pp4 #ace-acf4 ,missionary homes1 pp4 #gd-gg2 wives1 pp4 #gc1 #gd2 mothers1 pp4 #bi1 #cj4 ,mothers1 ignorant1 pp4 #bf1 #cf4 ,mothers' meetings1 p4 #gh4 ,motherhood1 protection of1 p4 #aa2 suffering of1 p4 #ac2 the burden of1 pp4 #fd1 #gj1 #ga4 8,motherhood0 7poem71 p4 #bff4 ,mpongwe1 a dying tribe1 pp4 #ab1 #ac4 ,mohammedan girls1 pp4 #ff1 #fg4 ,mohammedan month of mourning1 p4 #aij4 ,montessori1 ,dr41 p4 #aec4 ,moslem lands1 need of women doctors1 p4 #ad4 ,needs of childhood1 pp4 #c1 #d4 ,need of the world1 the one great1 p4 #bdi4 ,non-,christian religions1 place of child in1 pp4 #ahe-ahh4 ,obstacles1 pp4 #bji1 #baj4 8,organized motherhood for the world10 pp4 #e1 #ed4 ,orphans1 ,armenian massacre1 pp4 #aaa-aac2 ,mohammedan1 p4 #aac4 ,orphanages1 ,india1 pp4 #aad1 #aae4 ,pacific ,islands1 pp4 #bdj1 #bda2 training children of1 p4 #bee4 ,persian girls1 education of1 p4 #aed4 ,persian 8,helen ,keller10 pp4 #aag1 #aah4 ,persian schoolboys1 p4 #bcd4 ,physical training1 pp4 #aeg-afj4 ,play1 teaching children to1 p4 #aeg2 among the ,lao1 p4 #abe2 importance of1 pp4 #ij-ic2 stops early in non-,christian lands1 pp4 #ii1 #ajj4 ,playground ,movement1 p4 #ij2 ,america leading in1 p4 #ie2 in ,japan1 p4 #id4 ,prayer1 pp4 #da1 #hc1 #abh1 #agb1 #baf1 #bef1 #bfb4 8,polishing ,jade ,establishment10 p4 #aad4 ,questions1 pp4 #da1 #hc1 #hi1 #agb1 #bag1 #beg4 ,rights of every child1 p4 #g2 of every mother1 p4 #g4 ,rite of the broken pot1 p4 #ae4 ,religious acts1 results of1 pp4 #ahi-aic4 ,religious needs of children1 p4 #ahd4 ,rescue homes1 for slave children1 pp4 #ajh1 #aji4 ,rescuing the servant of the gods1 pp4 #aid1 #aie4 ,saving a boy1 ,china1 p4 #abg4 ,schools1 the call for1 pp4 #acc-ace2 missionary1 pp4 #afe-afh2 ,persia1 pp4 #afi1 #agj2 ,kurdish ,mountains1 pp4 #aga1 #agb4 ,sunday schools1 statistics1 p4 #aii2 ,japan1 pp4 #aii-bjb2 ,china1 pp4 #bjb1 #bae2 ,india1 pp4 #bjb1 #bjc2 ,africa1 pp4 #bjc-bje4 ,schoff1 ,mrs4 ,frederick1 p4 #h4 ,selden1 ,dr4 ,chas4 ,c41 p4 #aj4 ,sex instruction1 pp4 #fj1 #fa4 ,soldiers and babies1 p4 #dj4 8,spirit of ,play10 need of1 pp4 #ajj1 #aja4 ,spirit worship1 p4 #bad4 ,starvation diet1 pp4 #cj1 #ca4 ,st4 ,john1 ,prof4 ,e4 ,p41 pp4 #ei-fj1 #ib4 ,stuart1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,m41 p4 #ad4 ,superstitions regarding infants1 pp4 #ae-ah4 ,sun ,yat ,sen1 pp4 #bbh1 #bbi4 ,syrian girls at work1 p4 #bcf4 ,teachers1 where to be trained1 pp4 #ada1 #adc4 ,teething1 p4 #af4 ,temple girls1 pp4 #aib1 #aic2 legislation concerning1 pp4 #aic1 #aid4 ,training children for service1 pp4 #bdj1 #bda2 ,christian wives and mothers1 pp4 #ff-fh4 ,twins1 superstitions regarding1 p4 #ah4 ,underwood1 ,mrs4 ,h4 ,g41 p4 #bg4 ,west ,africa1 boys of1 pp4 #aff1 #afg4 8,world's ,tragedies1 ,the10 p4 #bcg4 ,yeung1 ,mrs41 of ,china1 pp4 #bde1 #bdf4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,transcriber',s ,,note ,obvious typographical errors repaired4 ,punctuation1 spelling1 hyphenation and stylistic presentation standardized when a predominant preference was found in this book4 ,otherwise left as printed4 ,italicized text is denoted by underscores4 ,where possible1 illustrations have been moved next to the corresponding text1 otherwise placed at section breaks4 ,in the original book1 outlines of each chapter were printed on separate pages1 preceded by chapter headings4 ,these chapter headings were then repeated before the chapter text proper4 ,in this electronic book the repeated chapter headings are not preserved4 ,page #hj1 #8,tyer' changed to #8,iyer' 7,mr4 ,justice ,moothoswami ,iyer74 ,footnote #cd1 #8,caffin' changed to #8,coffin' 78,on the ,education of ,backward ,races10 ,e4 ,w4 ,coffin74 ,page #acd1 #8plead' changed to #8pleaded' 7,earnestly he pleaded with the missionaries74 ,page #adg 7sidenote71 #8year' changed to #8years' 7,dr4 ,balliet on the early years of childhood74 ,page #ahi 7sidenote71 #8religous' changed to #8religious' 7,result to the child of religious acts74 ,page #aib1 #8then' changed to #8than' 7,worse than all the results74 ,page #aid1 #8jewlery' changed to #8jewelry' 7some article of jewelry74 ,page #bgb1 #8,american' changed to #8,armenian' 7,orphans1 ,armenian massacre74 ,on page #bca1 there is an orphaned double quotation mark after #8babyhood'4 ,the opening mark should probably be before #8,women spoke from the platform' etc4