,,augu/e ,,rod9    ,by    ,,ra9] ,,m>ia 
,,rilke      ,translat$ by ,jessie      
,lemont & ,hans ,trausil4      ,new     
,york    ,sunwise ,turn ,inc4    #aiai  
,illu/ration3 ,rod9 ,photograph$ by     
,g]trude ,kasebi]              ,,ar*aic 
,,torso ,,( ,,apollo        ,we _c fa?om
 8 my/]i\s head1      ,?r\gh ! veil$    
eyes no flick]+ ray is s5t2      ,b f 8 
torso gleam+ light is %$      ,z f a    
c&elabrum2 inw>d b5t      ,8 glance !re 
gl[s & l+]s4 ,o!rwise      ,! r\nd brea/
 w\ld n bl9d y ) its grace1      ,nor   
c\ld ! s(t-curv$ circle ( ! ?ighs       
,/eal to ! arc :5ce issues a new race4  
,nor c\ld ?is />k & /unt$ /one display  
,vibrance b5ea? ! %\ld]s' heavy b>1     
,nor %9e l fur ^u a bea/ ( prey1        
,nor break =? f its l9es l a great />-- 
,ea* spot is l an eye t fix$ on y       
,) k9dl+ magic makes y live anew4       
,ra9] ,m>ia ,rilke4        ,r5d]$ into  
,engli% by ,jessie ,lemont4             
,,preface      ,rod9 has pron\nc$       
,rilke's essay ! supreme int]pretation (

 8  "w4 ,a few ye>s ago ! sculptor      
express$ to ! translators !  wi% t "s   
day ! book might be plac$ be=e !        
,engli%-speak+  public4 ,! appreciation 
0 publi%$ orig9ally z "o ( a s]ies (    
,art ,monographs "u ! editor%ip ( ! late
 ,ri*>d ,mu!r4    ,to e/imate & int]pret
 ! "w ( an arti/ is to be creatively  j 
to him4 ,= ?is reason !re are few]      
critics ?an !re are  arti/s1 & criticism
 ) b few exceptions is almo/ inv>iably  
negligible & futile4    ,! /ronge/ & mo/
 procreant contact is t :i* takes place 
betwe5 two creative m9ds4 ,?is book (   
,rilke on ,rod9 is ! fruit (  su* a     
contact4 ,x rip5$ on ! tree ( a great   
fri5d%ip = !  ma/]4 ,= a numb] ( ye>s   
,rilke liv$ close to ,rod9 at #gg rue de
  ,v>5ne1 9 ! old mansion surr\nd$ by a 
beautiful p>k :i* 0  subsequ5tly d$icat$
 to ,france by ! arti/ & is n[ ! ,muse  
de  ,rod94 ,"h ! "y poet %>$ ! life ( ! 
ag$ sculptor & 8  mo/ sil5t h\rs4       
,rod9 felt t ,rilke approa*$ 8          
sculptures f ! same  imag9ative sph]e   

:5ce 8 own creative impulse sprang2 he  
knew  t 9 ! pellucid & illum9at+ realm (
 ! poetic 8 works  f\nd _! spiritual    
home z _! mat]ial manife/ation p>took ( 
! atmosph]e :5 plac$ "u ! op5 sky1 giv5 
:olly to ! sun  & w9d & ra94    ,h4 ,t4 
,,augu/e ,,rod9      ,writ]s "w ?r\gh   
words--,sculptors ?r\gh                 
matt]--,pomponius  ,gauricus 9 8 essay1 
,de ,sculptura 7ab\t #aejd74    ,! h]o  
is he :o is immovably c5tr$4--,em]son4  
,rod9 0 solit>y be=e fame came to him & 
aft]w>d he became1  p]haps1 /ill m      
solit>y4 ,= fame is ultimately b !      
summ>y (  all misund]/&+s t cry/allize  
ab\t a new "n4    ,rod9's message & its 
significance are little und]/ood by !   
_m m5 :o ga!r$ ab\t him4 ,x w\ld be a   
long & we>y task to  enlight5 !m2 nor is
 ?is necess>y1 = !y assembl$ ab\t !  "n1
 n ab\t ! "w1--a "w t has gr[n f> beyond
 ?is "n's  s\nd & limitations1 & t has  
become nameless z a pla9 is  nameless or
 a sea t has a "n b on ! map1 9 books1 &
 to m51  b :i* is1 9 reality1 b di/ance1

 movem5t & dep?4    ,! "w t is to be    
spok5 ( 9 ^! pages develop$ ?r\gh long  
ye>s4 ,x has gr[n l a =e/ & has n lo/ "o
 h\r4 ,"o walks  among ^! ?\s& =ms      
ov]:elm$ ) ! imag9ation & !             
craftsman%ip :i* !y repres5t1 &         
involunt>ily "o looks =  ! two h&s out (
 :i* ?is _w has ris54 ,"o ?9ks ( h[     
small man's h&s are1 h[ soon !y tire1 & 
h[ little "t is giv5  !m to move4 ,& "o 
longs to see ^! h&s t h liv$ l a  hundr$
 h&s2 l a nation ( h&s t rose be=e      
sunrise = !  accompli%m5t ( ?is "w4 ,"o 
asks = ! man :o directs ^!  h&s4 ,:o is 
?is man8    ,he is a man ri* 9 ye>s2 & 8
 life is "o t _c be relat$4  ,x began & 
/ill cont9ues2 /ret*es out deeply into a
 great age1  & to u1 x seems z ?\gh x _h
 pass$ _m hundr$s ( ye>s ago4  ,x p]haps
 _h a *ildhood2 a *ildhood 9            
pov]ty--d>k1 grop+ &  unc]ta94 ,& maybe 
x possesses ?is *ildhood /ill1 =1 says  
,/4  ,augu/9e some:]e1 :i!r %\ld x h    
gone8 ,x holds1 p]*ance1  all its pa/   
h\rs1 ! h\rs ( expectation & ab&onm5t1 !

 h\rs  ( d\bt & ! long h\rs ( ne$4 ,x is
 a life t has lo/ no?+  & has =gott5    
no?+2 a life t has absorb$ all ?+s z x  
pass$1 = only out ( su* a life z ?is1 we
 believe1 c\ld h  ris5 su* fulness &    
abundance ( "w2 only su* a life z ?is1 9
  :i* ev]y?+ is simultane\s & awake1 9  
:i* no?+ passes  unnotic$1 c\ld rema9 "y
 & /rong & rise aga9 & aga9 to  high    
creations4 ,p]*ance ! "t w come :5      
someone w picture  ?is life1 its        
details1 its episodes & its conflicts4  
,someone w  tell a /ory ( a *ild t (t5  
=got to eat because x seem$ m  important
 to him to c>ve inf]ior wood ) a *eap   
knife1 & someone  w relate "s ev5t ( !  
days ( e>ly manhood t conta9$  promise (
 future greatness--"o ( ^? incid5ts t   
are intimate  & prophetic4    ,p]haps "s
 su* ?\ght z t :i*1 five hundr$ ye>s    
ago1 a monk  express$ to "y ,mi*el      
,colombe1 may h sugge/$ itself to ,rod9 
on "o ( ! crossways1 at ! beg9n+ ( 8 "w3
 ,travaille1  petit1 reg>de t\t ton sa\l
 et le clo*]  j\r de ,sa9t ,pol1 et les 

belles oeuvres des compaignons1 reg>de1 
aime le bon ,dieu1 et tu auras  la grce 
des gr&es *oses4 ,& ?\ wilt h ! grace ( 
!  great ?+s4 ,= x 0 j t :i* ,rod9 0    
seek+3 ! grace  ( ! great ?+s4    ,!    
gall]ies ( ! ,l\vre reveal$ to ! "y     
arti/ radiant  visions ( ! antique _w2  
visions ( s\!rn skies1 & ( !  sea1 & f> 
beyond rose heavy /one monum5ts1 rea*+  
ov] f  immemorial civilizations into    
times n yet exi/5t4 ,!re 7  /ones t lay 
z if asleep b t held a sugge/ion t !y   
w\ld  awake on "s la/ judgm5t day1 /ones
 on :i* !re 0 no?+  mortal4 ,!re 7 o!rs 
t bore a movem5t1 a ge/ure t _h  rema9$ 
z fre% z ?\gh x _h be5 caught !re 9 ord]
 to be  giv5 to "s *ild t 0 pass+ by4   
,n alone 9 ! great works & 9 ^! monum5ts
 0 ?is vitality  alive3 ! unnotic$1 !   
small1 ! conceal$1 7 n less fill$  ) ?is
 deep inw>d excitem5t1 ) ?is ri* &      
surpris+  unre/ ( liv+ ?+s4 ,ev5        
/illness1 :]e !re 0 /illness1  consi/$ (
 hundr$s & hundr$s ( mom5ts ( motion t  
kept _!  equilibrium4    ,!re 7 small   

figures1 animals p>ticul>ly1 t mov$1    
/ret*$  or curl$2 & al?\gh a bird p]*$  
quietly1 x conta9$ !  elem5t ( flight4  
,a sky grew back ( x & hung ab\t x2 ! f>
  di/ance 0 fold$ d[n on ea* ( its      
fea!rs1 & %\ld ^!  fea!rs spread out l  
w+s1 ! wide expanse ( !m w\ld be  q     
great4 ,!re 0 /illness 9 ! /unt$ animals
 t /ood to  support ! cornices ( !      
ca!drals or c[]$ & cr+$ b5ea?  !        
consoles1 too in]t to be> ! weight2 &   
!re 7 dogs &  squirrels1 wood-peck]s &  
liz>ds1 tortoises1 rats & snakes4 ,at   
lea/ "o ( ea* k9d2 ^! creatures seem$ to
 h be5 caught  9 ! op51 9 ! =e/ & on    
roads1 & ! compulsion to live  "u /one  
t5drils1 fl[]s & leaves mu/ h *ang$ !m  
sl[ly  into :at !y 7 n[ & 7 to rema9    
=ev]4 ,b o!r animals  c\ld be f\nd t 7  
born 9 ?is petrifi$ environm5t1 )\t     
remembrance ( a =m] exi/5ce4 ,!y 7      
entirely ! natives (  ?is erect1 ris+1  
/eeply asc5d+ _w4 ,ov] skeleton-l ar*es 
!y /ood 9 _! fanatic meag]ness1 ) m\?s  
op51 l ^? (  pigeons2 %riek+1 = !       

ne>ness ( ! bells _h de/roy$ _!  he>+4  
,!y did n be> _! weight :]e !y /ood1 b  
/ret*$  !mselves & ?us help$ ! /ones to 
rise4 ,! bird-l ones  7 p]*$ high up on 
! balu/rades1 z ?\gh !y 7 on !  way to  
o!r climes1 & want$ b to re/ a few      
c5turies & look  d[n ^u ! gr[+ city4    
,o!rs 9 ! =ms ( dogs 7 susp5d$          
horizontally f ! eaves1 high up 9 ! air1
 ready to ?r[ !  ra9wat] out ( _! jaws t
 7 swoll5 f vomit+4 ,all _h  trans=m$ & 
accommodat$ !mselves to ?is environm5t2 
!y _h  lo/ no?+ ( life4 ,on ! contr>y1  
!y liv$ m /rongly &  m vehem5tly--liv$  
=ev] ! f]v5t anu impetu\s life ( !  "t t
 _h creat$ !m4    ,& :osoev] saw ^!     
figures felt t !y 7 n born out (  a :im 
nor out ( a playful attempt to f9d =ms  
unhe>d ( be=e4  ,necessity _h creat$ !m4
 ,out ( ! fe> ( invisible doomsdays  ( a
 h>d fai? m5 _h fre$ !mselves by ^!     
visible ?+s2  f unc]ta9ty m5 _h tak5    
refuge 9 ?is reality4 ,!y s\ght  ,god no
 m by inv5t+ images ( ,him or by try+ to
 conceive !  ,mu*-too-f>-,"o2 b !y ev9c$

 _! piety by c>ry+ all fe> &  pov]ty1   
all anxiety & all plead+ ( ! l[ly into  
,8 h\se4 ,?is  0 bett] ?an to pa9t2 =   
pa9t+ 0 a delusion1 a beautiful &       
skillful deception4 ,m5 7 long+ = ! m   
real & simple4 ,?us  orig9at$ ! /range  
sculpture ( ! ca!drals1 ?is6 cross-bre$ 
( ! heavy lad5 & ( ! animals4    ,z ! "y
 arti/ look$ f ! pla/ic art ( ! ,middle 
,ages1  back to ! ,antique1 & aga9      
beyond ! ,antique into ! beg9n+s  (     
untold pa/s1 did x n seem z ?\gh ! human
 s\l _h long$  aga9 & aga9 ?r\gh !      
bright & d>k p]iods ( hi/ory1 =  ?is art
 :i* express$ m ?an ^w & pa9t+1 m ?an   
picture  & symbol2 ?is art :i* is !     
humble mat]ialization ( mank9d's  hopes 
& fe>s8    ,at ! end ( ! ,r5aissance !re
 0 ! fl[]+ ( a great  pla/ic art2 at t  
"t :5 life r5ew$ itself1 :5 !re 0 a     
revealm5t ( ! secret ( faces1 & a great 
vital movem5t 0 9  ! /ate ( gr[?4    ,& 
n[8 ,_h n a "t come aga9 t 0 urg+ t[>d  
?is  expression--?is /rong & impressive 
exposition ( :at 0  unexpress$1 confus$1

 unreveal$8 ,! arts someh[ _h r5ew$     
!mselves1 zeal & expectation fill$ &    
animat$ !m4 ,b p]haps  ?is art1 ! pla/ic
 art t /ill hesitat$ 9 ! fe> ( a great  
pa/1 0 to be call$ ^u to f9d t :i* !    
o!rs s\ght  grop+ly & long+ly4 ,?is art 
0 to help a "t ^: mis=tune  0 t all its 
conflicts lay 9 ! invisible4    ,!      
language ( ?is art 0 ! body4 ,& ?is     
body--:5 _h "o la/  se5 x8    ,/rata    
aft] /rata ( co/umes 7 pil$ ov] x l an  
ev]  r5ew$ v>ni%2 b "u ?is protect+ cru/
 ! gr[+ s\l _h  *ang$ x2 & ?is gr[+ s\l 
work$ brea?lessly at remodel+  !        
expression ( die faces4 ,! body _h      
become a diff]5t "o4 ,7  x n[ unveil$1 x
 w\ld p]haps reveal ! impr9t ( a ?\s&   
new expressions z well z ! /amp ( ^? old
 my/]ies t1  ris+ f ! unconsci\s1 re>$  
_! dripp+ heads l /range  riv]-gods out 
( ! s++ blood4 ,& ?is body c\ld n be    
less  beautiful ?an t ( ! ,antique4 ,x  
mu/ be ( a /ill high]  beauty4 ,= two   
?\s& ye>s life _h held ?is body 9 its   
h&s &  _h m\ld$ x1 _h =g$ x1 n[ li/5+1  

n[ hamm]+1 night &  day4 ,! art ( pa9t+ 
dream$ ( ?is body1 adorn$ x ) light  &  
illum9$ x ) twilight1 surr\nd$ x ) all  
s(tness & all  delight2 t\*$ x l a      
petal1 & 9 turn 0 swept by x z by a     
wave4 ,b pla/ic art1 to :i* x 9 tru?    
belong$1 z yet ( ?is  body knew no?+4   
,"h 0 a task z great z ! _w4 ,& he :o   
/ood be=e x &  beheld x 0 unkn[n &      
/ruggl+ "u ! necessity ( e>n+ 8  bread4 
,he 0 q alone & if he _h be5 a real     
dream]1 he w\ld  h dream$ a beautiful & 
deep dream--a dream t no "o w\ld h      
und]/ood--"o ( ^? long1 long dreams 9   
:i* a life c\ld pass  l a day4 ,b ?is "y
 man :o work$ 9 ! factory at ,svres 0  a
 dream] ^: dream rose 9 8 h&s & he began
 imm$iately its  realization4 ,he s5s$  
:]e he _h to beg94 ,a quietude :i* 0 9  
him %[$ him ! wise road4 ,"h already    
,rod9's deep h>mony )  ,nature reveal$  
itself2 t h>mony :i* ! poet ,george     
,rod5ba*  calls an elem5tal p[]4 ,&1    
inde$1 x is an und]ly+ pati5ce  9 ,rod9 
:i* r5d]s him s great1 a sil5t1 sup]ior 

=be>ance  resembl+ ! wond]ful pati5ce & 
k9dness ( ,nature t beg9s  creation ) a 
trifle 9 ord] to proce$ sil5tly &       
/eadily t[>d  abundant consummation4    
,rod9 did n presume to create ! tree 9  
its  full gr[?4 ,he began ) ! se$ b5ea? 
! e>?1 z x 74 ,&  ?is se$ grew d[nw>d1  
sunk deep its roots & an*or$ !m be=e  x 
began to %oot upw>d 9 ! =m ( a "y spr\t4
 ,?is requir$  "t1 "t t l5g!n$ into     
ye>s4 ,"o mu/ n hurry1 said ,rod9  to ! 
few fri5ds :o ga!r$ ab\t him1 9 answ] to
 _! urg5ce4    ,at t "t ! w> came &     
,rod9 w5t to ,brussels4 ,he model$ "s   
figures = private h\ses & sev]al ( !    
gr\ps on ! top ( !  ,b\rse1 & also ! f\r
 l>ge corn] figures on ! monum5t erect$ 
to ,loos1 ,city-mayor 9 ! ,p>c d',anv]s4
 ,^! 7 ord]s :i* he  c>ri$ out          
consci5ti\sly1 )\t all[+ 8 gr[+         
p]sonality  to speak4 ,8 real developm5t
 took place outside ( all ?is2 x 0      
compress$ into ! free h\rs ( ! ev5+ &   
unfold$ itself 9  ! solit>y /illness ( !
 nights2 & he _h to be> ?is division  ( 

8 en]gy = ye>s4 ,he possess$ ! quiet    
p]sev]ance ( m5 :o  are necess>y1 !     
/r5g? ( ^? = :om a great "w is wait+4   
,:ile he 0 work+ on ! ,ex*ange (        
,brussels1 he may h felt t  !re 7 no m  
build+s :i* admitt$ ( ! wor? ( sculpture
  z ! ca!drals _h done1 ^? great magnets
 ( pla/ic art ( pa/  times4 ,sculpture 0
 a sep>ate ?+1 z 0 ! easel picture1 b  x
 did n require a wall l ! picture4 ,x   
did n ev5 ne$ a  ro(4 ,x 0 an object t  
c\ld exi/ = itself alone1 & x 0  well to
 give x entirely ! "* ( a complete ?+   
ab\t :i*  "o c\ld walk1 & :i* "o c\ld   
look at f all sides4 ,& yet  x _h to    
di/+ui% itself someh[ f o!r ?+s1 !      
ord9>y  ?+s :i* ev]yone c\ld t\*4 ,x _h 
to become unimpea*able1  sacrosanct1    
sep>at$ f *ance & "t ?r\gh :i* x rose   
isolat$ & miracul\s1 l ! face ( a se]4  
,x _h to be giv5  its own c]ta9 place1 9
 :i* no arbitr>9ess _h plac$ x1 & x  mu/
 be int]calat$ 9 ! sil5t cont9uance (   
space & its great  laws4 ,x _h to be    
fitt$ into ! space t surr\nd$ x1 z into 

a  ni*e2 its c]ta9ty1 /ead9ess & l(t9ess
 did n spr+ f its  significance b f its 
h>moni\s adju/m5t to its environm5t4    
,rod9 knew t1 fir/ ( all1 sculpture     
dep5d$ ^u an infallible  k ( ! human    
body4 ,sl[ly1 se>*+ly1 he _h approa*$ ! 
surface ( ?is body f :i* n[ a h& /ret*$ 
out t[>d him1  & ! =m1 ! ge/ure ( ?is h&
 conta9$ ! semblance ( !  =ce )9 ! body4
 ,! f>!r he progress$ on ?is remote     
road1  ! m *ance rema9$ beh9d1 & "o law 
l$ him on to ano!r4 ,&  ultimately x 0  
?is surface t[>d :i* 8 se>* 0 direct$4  
,x  consi/$ ( inf9itely _m movem5ts4 ,! 
play ( light ^u ^!  surfaces made       
manife/ t ea* ( ^! movem5ts 0 diff]5t & 
ea* significant4 ,at ?is po9t !y seem$  
to fl[ into "o ano!r2  at t1 to greet   
ea* o!r hesitat+ly2 at a ?ird1 to pass  
by ea*  o!r )\t recognition1 l /rang]s4 
,!re 7 undulations  )\t end4 ,!re 0 no  
po9t at :i* !re 0 n life &  movem5t4    
,rod9 _h n[ discov]$ ! fundam5tal elem5t
 ( 8 art2 z x  71 ! g]m ( 8 _w4 ,x 0 !  
surface1--?is diff]5tly  great surface1 

v>i$ly acc5tuat$1 accurately measur$1   
out ( :i*  ev]y?+ mu/ rise1--:i* 0 f ?is
 mom5t ! subject matt]  ( 8 art1 ! ?+ = 
:i* he lab\r$1 = :i* he suff]$ &  = :i* 
he 0 awake4    ,8 art 0 n built ^u a    
great idea1 b ^u a m9ute1  consci5ti\s  
realization1 ^u ! atta9able1 ^u a craft4
    ,!re 0 no haught9ess 9 him4 ,he     
pl$g$ himself to a humble &  difficult  
beauty t he c\ld ov]see1 summon &       
direct4 ,! o!r  beauty1 ! great beauty1 
_h to come :5 ev]y?+ 0 prep>$1 z        
animals come to a dr9k+-place 9 ! =e/ 9 
! late night :5  no?+ =eign is !re4     
,) ?is awak5+ ,rod9's mo/ individual "w 
began4 ,n until n[  _h all ! traditional
 conceptions ( pla/ic art become        
wor?less to  him4 ,pose1 gr\p+1         
composition n[ meant no?+ to him4 ,he   
saw only  innum]able liv+ surfaces1 only
 life4 ,! means ( expression :i*  he _h 
=m$ = himself 7 direct$ to & br\ght =w>d
 ?is  aliv5ess4    ,! next task 0 to    
become ma/] ( himself & ( 8 abundance4  
,rod9 seiz$ ^u ! life t 0 ev]y:]e ab\t  

him4 ,he grasp$  x 9 its smalle/        
details2 he obs]v$ x & x foll[$ him2 he 
await$ x at ! cross-roads :]e x l+]$2 he
 ov]took x z x  ran be=e him1 & he f\nd 
x 9 all places equally great1 equally   
p[]ful & ov]:elm+4 ,!re 0 n "o "p ( !   
human body  t 0 insignificant or        
unimportant3 x 0 alive4 ,! life t  0    
express$ 9 faces 0 easily readable4     
,life manife/$ 9 bodies  0 m disp]s$1   
great]1 m my/]i\s & m et]nal4 ,"h  x did
 n disguise itself2 x c>ri$ itself      
c>elessly :]e !re  0 c>elessness &      
pr\dly ) ! pr\d4 ,rec$+ f ! /age  ( !   
face x _h tak5 (f its mask & conceal$   
itself beh9d !  sc5es ( g>m5ts4 ,"h 9 ! 
body ,rod9 f\nd ! _w ( 8 "t  z he _h    
recogniz$ ! _w ( ! ,middle ,ages 9 !    
ca!drals4 ,a  univ]se ga!r$ ab\t ?is    
veil$ my/]y--a _w held toge!r by  an    
organism 0 adapt$ to ?is organism & made
 subject to x4 ,man  _h become *ur* &   
!re 7 ?\s&s & ?\s&s ( *ur*es1  none     
simil> to ! o!r & ea* "o alive4 ,b !    
problem 0 to  %[ t !y 7 all ( ,"o ,god4 

,= ye>s ,rod9 walk$ ! roads ( life      
se>*+ly & humbly z  "o :o felt himself a
 beg9n]4 ,no "o knew ( 8 /ruggles2 he _h
  no confidants & few fri5ds4 ,beh9d !  
"w t provid$ him )  necessities 8 gr[+  
"w hid itself await+ its "t4 ,he read a 
great deal4 ,at ?is "t he might h be5   
se5 9 ! /reets (  ,brussels always ) a  
book 9 8 h&1 b p]haps ?is book 0 b  a   
pretext = ! absorption 9 himself1 9 !   
gigantic task t  lay be=e him4 ,z ) all 
creative p ! feel+ ( hav+ a  great "w   
be=e him 0 an incitem5t1 some?+ t       
augm5t$  & conc5trat$ 8 =ces4 ,& if     
d\bts or unc]ta9ties assail$  him1 or he
 0 possess$ ( ! great impati5ce ( ^? :o 
rise1  or ! fe> ( an e>ly dea?1 or !    
?reat ( daily want1 all ^!  influ5ces   
f\nd 9 him a quiet1 erect resi/ance1 a  
defiance1 a  /r5g? & confid5ce--all !   
n-yet-unfurl$ flags ( a great  victory4 
,p]haps x 0 ! pa/ t 9 su* mom5ts came to
 8 side1 speak+  9 ! voice ( ! ca!drals 
t he w5t to he> aga9 & aga94  ,9 books1 
too1 he f\nd _m ?\ghts t gave him       

enc\ragem5t4 ,he  read = ! fir/ "t      
,dante's ,div9a ,com$ia4 ,x 0 a         
revelation4  ,! suff]+ bodies ( ano!r   
g5]ation pass$ be=e him4 ,he gaz$  into 
a c5tury ! g>m5ts ( :i* _h be5 torn (f2 
he saw !  great & nev]-to-be-=gott5     
judgm5t ( a poet on 8 age4 ,!re  7      
pictures t ju/ifi$ him 9 8 ideas2 :5 he 
read ab\t !  weep+ feet ( ,ni*olas !    
,?ird1 he realiz$ t !re 7 su*  feet1 t  
!re 0 a weep+ :i* 0 ev]y:]e1 ov] ! :ole 
(  mank9d1 & !re 7 te>s t came f all    
pores4    ,f ,dante he came to          
,baudelaire4 ,"h 0 no judgm5t1 no poet1 
:o1  guid$ by ! h& ( a %ad[1 climb$ to !
 heav5s4 ,a man :o  suff]$ _h rais$ 8   
voice1 _h lift$ x high above ! heads (  
o!rs z ?\gh to save !m f p]i%+4 ,9 ?is  
poet's v]ses  !re 7 passages1 /&+ out   
prom95tly1 t did n seem to  h be5 writt5
 b m\ld$2 words & gr\ps ( words t _h    
melt$ "u ! gl[+ t\* ( ! poet2 l9es t 7 l
  reliefs & sonnets t c>ri$ l columns ) 
int]lac$ capitals  ! burd5 ( a cumulat+ 
?\ght4 ,he felt dimly t ?is poetic art1 

:]e x end$ abruptly1 bord]$ on ! beg9n+ 
( ano!r art &  t x rea*$ out t[>d ?is   
o!r art4 ,9 ,baudelaire he felt !  arti/
 :o _h prec$$ him1 :o _h n all[$ himself
 to be delud$  by faces b :o s\ght      
bodies 9 :i* life 0 great]1 m cruel  & m
 re/less4    ,aft] hav+ read ! works (  
^! two poets !y rema9$ always  ne> him1 
8 ?\ghts w5t f !m & yet return$ to !m   
aga94  ,at ! "t :5 8 art took =m &      
prep>$ itself = expression1  :5 life z x
 pres5t$ itself be=e him _h little      
significance1  ,rod9 dwelt 9 ! books ( !
 poets & glean$ f ! pa/4 ,lat]1  :5 z a 
creator he aga9 t\*$ ^? realms1 _! =ms  
rose l  memories 9 8 own life1 a*+ &    
real1 & ent]$ into 8 "w z  ?\gh into a  
home4    ,at la/1 aft] ye>s ( solit>y   
labor he made ! attempt at a /ep  =w>d )
 "o ( 8 creations4 ,x 0 a "q put be=e ! 
public4 ,! public answ]$ negatively4 ,& 
,rod9 retir$ once m =  ?irte5 ye>s4 ,^! 
7 ! ye>s dur+ :i* he1 /ill unkn[n1      
matur$ to a ma/] & became ! absolute    
rul] ( 8 own m$ium1  ev] work+1 ev]     

?9k+1 ev] exp]im5t+1 un9flu5c$ by  ! age
 t did n p>ticipate 9 him4 ,p]haps !    
fact t 8  entire developm5t _h tak5     
place 9 ?is undi/urb$ tranquility  gave 
him lat]1 :5 m5 disput$ ov] ! value ( 8 
"w1 t  p[]ful c]ta9ty4 ,at ! mom5t :5 !y
 began to d\bt him1 he  d\bt$ himself no
 long]1 all unc]ta9ty lay beh9d him4 ,8 
fate  dep5d$ no m ^u ! acclamation or ! 
criticism ( ! p2  x 0 decid$ at ! "t !y 
?\ght to cru% x ) mock]y &  ho/ility4   
,dur+ ! p]iod ( 8 gr[? no /range voice  
s\nd$1 no  praise bewild]$1 no blame    
di/urb$ him4    ,z ,p>sifal grew s 8 art
 grew 9 purity alone ) itself &  ) a    
great et]nal ,nature4 ,only 8 "w spoke  
to him4 ,x spoke  to him 9 ! morn+ :5 he
 awak5$1 & at ev5 x s\nd$ 9  8 h&s l an 
in/rum5t t has be5 laid away4 ,h5ce 8 "w
  0 s inv9cible4 ,= x came to ! _w ripe1
 x did n appe>  z some?+ unf9i%$ t begg$
 = ju/ification4 ,x came z a  reality t 
_h wr\ght itself into exi/5ce1 a reality
 :i* is1  :i* "o mu/ ackn[l$ge4    ,l a 
mon>* :o1 he>+ t a city is to be built 9

 8  k+dom1 m$itates :e!r x w\ld be well 
to grant ! privilege1  & hesitates2 &   
f9ally goes =? to see ! place & f9ds    
!re a great p[]ful city :i* is f9i%$1   
:i* /&s z ?\gh  f et]nity ) walls1 t[]s 
& gates1 s ! _w came :5  ultimately     
call$ to ! complet$ "w ( ,rod94    ,?is 
p]iod ( ,rod9's maturesc5ce is limit$ by
 two works4 ,at its  beg9n+ /&s ! head (
 ,! ,man ) ! ,brok5 ,nose1 at  its end !
 figure ( ,! ,man ( ! ,primal ,age4     
,l',homme au ,nez  ,cass 0 refus$ by !  
,salon 9 ! ye> ( #ahfd4 ,"o compreh5ds  
?is rejection1 = "o feels t 9 ?is "w    
,rod9's art 0  mature1 c]ta9 & p]fect$4 
,) ! inconsid]at5ess ( a great          
confession x contradict$ ! requirem5ts (
 academic beauty :i*  7 /ill ! dom9at+  
/&>d4    ,9 va9 ,rude _h giv5 8 ,goddess
 ( ,rebellion on ! top ( !  triumphal   
gate ( ! ,place de ,l'toile t wild      
ge/ure & t  f>-rea*+ cry4 ,9 va9 ,b>ye  
_h creat$ 8 supple animals2 &  ,! ,dance
 by ,c>peaux 0 m]ely an object ( mock]y 
until f9ally x  became s accu/om$ a     

sight t x 0 pass$ by unnotic$4    ,!    
pla/ic art t 0 pursu$ 0 /ill t bas$ ^u  
models1  poses & allegories2 x held to !
 sup]ficial1 *eap & com=table  meti] t 0
 satisfi$ ) ! m or less skillful        
repetition  ( "s sanctifi$ appeal4 ,9   
?is environm5t ! head ( ,! ,man  ) !    
,brok5 ,nose %\ld h r\s$ ! /orm t did n 
break  out until ! occasion ( !         
exhibition ( "s lat] works ( ,rod94  ,b 
probably x 0 return$ almo/ unexam9$ z ! 
"w ( "s "o  unkn[n4    ,rod9's motive 9 
model+ ?is head1 ! head ( an age+1 ugly 
man1  ^: brok5 nose ev5 help$ to        
emphasize ! tortur$ expression (  !     
face1 mu/ h be5 ! fulness ( life t 0    
cumulat$ 9  ^! features4 ,!re 7 no      
symmetrical planes 9 ?is face at all1   
no?+ repeat$ itself1 no spot rema9$     
empty1 dumb or indiff]5t4  ,?is face _h 
n be5 t\*$ by life1 x _h be5 p]meat$    
?r\gh  & ?r\gh ) x z ?\gh an inexorable 
h& _h ?ru/ x into  fate & held x !re z 9
 ! :irlpool ( a wa%+1 gnaw+  torr5t4    
,:5 "o holds & turns ?is mask 9 ! h&1 "o

 is surpris$ at !  cont9u\s *ange (     
pr(iles1 none ( :i* is incid5tal1 imag9$
 or  indef9ite4 ,!re is on ?is head no  
l9e1 no exagg]ation1 no cont\r  t ,rod9 
has n se5 & will$4 ,"o feels t "s ( ^!  
wr9kles came e>ly1 o!rs lat]1 t betwe5  
?is & t deep  furr[ lie ye>s1 t]rible   
ye>s4 ,"o kn[s t "s ( ! m>ks on  ?is    
face 7 engrav$ sl[ly1 hesitat+ly1 t o!rs
 7 trac$  g5tly & aft]w>ds drawn 9      
/rongly by "s habit or ?\ght t  came    
aga9 & aga92 "o recognizes %>p l9es t   
mu/ h be5  cut 9 "o night1 z ?\gh pick$ 
by a bird 9 ! worn =ehead ( a  sleepless
 man4    ,all ^! impressions are        
encompass$ 9 ! h>d & int5se life  t     
rises out ( ?is "o face4 ,z "o lays d[n 
?is mask "o seems  to /& on ! height ( a
 t[] & to look d[n ^u ! err+  roads ov] 
:i* _m nations h w&]$4 ,& z "o lifts x  
up  aga9 x becomes a ?+ t "o mu/ call   
beautiful = ! sake (  its p]fection4 ,b 
?is beauty is n ! result ( ! incomp>able
  te*nique alone4 ,x rises f ! feel+ (  
balance & equilibrium  9 all ^! mov+    

surfaces1 f ! k t all ^! mom5ts  (      
emotion orig9ate & come to an end 9 ! ?+
 itself4 ,if "o  is gripp$ by ! _m-voic$
 tortures ( ?is face1 imm$iately        
aft]w>ds !re comes ! feel+ t no         
accusation proce$s f x4  ,x does n plead
 to ! _w2 x seems to c>ry its ju/ice )9 
itself1 to hold ! reconciliation ( all  
its contradictions & to  possess a      
=be>ance great en\gh = all its burd54   
,:5 ,rod9 creat$ ?is mask he _h be=e him
 a man :o sat quiet  ) a calm face4 ,b !
 face 0 t ( a liv+ p]son & :5 he  se>*$ 
?r\gh x he saw t x 0 z full ( motion1 z 
full (  unre/ z ! da%+ ( waves4 ,9 !    
c\rse ( ! l9es !re 0  movem5t2 !re 0    
movem5t 9 ! cont\rs ( ! surfaces2 %ad[s 
/irr$ z 9 sleep & light seem$ to s(tly  
t\* ! =ehead4  ,no?+ possess$ re/1 n ev5
 dea?2 = decay1 too1 meant movem5t1     
dead matt] /ill subject to life4 ,nature
 is all motion & an art  t wi%$ to give 
a fai?ful6 & consci5ti\s int]pretation (
  life c\ld n make re/1 t did n exi/1   
its ideal4 ,9 reality  ! ,antique did n 

hold su* an ideal4 ,"o has only to ?9k (
 !  ,nike4 ,?is piece ( sculpture has n 
only br\ght d[n to u !  movem5t ( a     
beautiful maid5 :o goes to meet h] lov]1
 b x is  at ! same "t an et]nal picture 
( ,hell5ic w9d 9 all its sweep  &       
spl5d\r4 ,!re 0 no quiet ev5 9 ! /ones (
 /ill old]  civilizations4 ,!           
hi]atically reta9$ ge/ure ( v anci5t    
cults  conta9$ an unre/ ( liv+ surfaces 
l wat] )9 a vessel4  ,!re 7 curr5ts 9 ! 
taciturn gods t 7 sitt+2 & ^?  t 7 /&+  
comm&$ ) a ge/ure t sprang l a f\nta9   
out f ! /one & fell back aga9 caus+ _m  
ripples4    ,?is 0 n movem5t t oppos$ ! 
intr9sic "* ( !  sculpture4 ,only !     
movem5t t does n complete itself )9 !   
?+1 t is n kept 9 balance by o!r        
movem5ts1 is t :i*  exce$s beyond !     
b\nd>ies ( sculpture4 ,! pla/ic "w ( art
  resembles ^? cities ( old5 times :]e !
 life 0 sp5t entirely  )9 ! walls4 ,!   
inhabitants did n cease to brea!1 _!    
life  ran on2 b no?+ urg$ !m beyond !   
limits ( ! walls t  surr\nd$ !m1 no?+   

po9t$ beyond ! gates & no expectation   
op5$ a vi/a to ! out] _w4 ,h[ev] great !
 movem5t ( a  sculpture may be1 ?\gh x  
spr+ out ( inf9ite di/ances1 ev5 f  !   
dep?s ( ! sky1 x mu/ return to itself1 !
 great circle mu/  complete itself1 !   
circle ( solitude t encloses a "w ( art4
  ,?is 0 ! law :i*1 unwritt51 liv$ 9 !  
sculptures ( times  gone by4 ,rod9      
recogniz$ x2 he knew t t :i* gave       
di/9ction  to a pla/ic "w ( art 0 its   
complete self-absorption4 ,x mu/ n  dem&
 nor expect aught f outside1 x %\ld ref]
 to no?+ t  lay beyond x1 see no?+ t 0 n
 )9 itself2 its environm5t  mu/ lie )9  
its own b\nd>ies4 ,! sculptor ,leon>do  
has giv5  to ,gioconda t                
unapproa*abl5ess1 t movem5t t turns     
inw>d1  t look :i* "o _c cat* or meet4  
,probably 8 ,francesco ,s=za  conta9$ ! 
same elem5t1 x c>ri$ a ge/ure :i* 0 l a 
pr\d  envoy ( /ate :o return$ aft] a    
complet$ commission4    ,dur+ ! long    
ye>s t pass$ betwe5 ! mask ( ,! ,man ) !
  ,brok5 ,nose & ! figure ( ,! ,man (   

,primal ,times _m sil5t  developm5ts    
took place 9 ,rod94 ,new relations      
connect$ him m  closely ) ! pa/ ( ! art 
( sculpture1 & ! greatness (  ?is pa/1  
:i* has be5 a re/riction to s _m1 to him
 _h become  ! w+ t c>ri$ him4 ,= if he  
receiv$ dur+ t "t an  enc\ragem5t &     
confirmation ( t :i* he wi%$ & s\ght1 x 
came to him f ! art ( ! antique _w & f !
 dim my/]y  ( ! ca!drals4 ,m5 did n     
speak to him4 ,/ones spoke4 ,! ,man  ) !
 ,brok5 ,nose _h reveal$ h[ ,rod9 s\ght 
8 way ?r\gh a  face4 ,! ,man ( ,primal  
,times prov$ 8 unlimit$ supremacy ov] ! 
body4 ,s\v]a9 tailleur d'ymaiges--?is   
title1 :i* ! ma/]s (  ! ,middle ,ages   
be/[$ on "o ano!r )\t envy & ) s]i\s    
valuation1 %\ld belong to him4    ,"h 0 
a life-siz$ figure 9 all p>ts ( :i* life
 0 equally  p[]ful & seem$ to h be5     
elevat$ ev]y:]e to ! same height  (     
expression4 ,t :i* 0 express$ 9 ! face1 
t pa9 ( a  heavy awak5+1 & at ! same "t 
! long+ = t awak5+1  0 writt5 on !      
smalle/ "p ( ?is body4 ,e "p 0 a m\?  t 

spoke a language ( its own4 ,! mo/      
critical eye c\ld n  discov] a spot on  
?is figure t 0 ! less alive1 less       
def9ite  & cle>4 ,x 0 z ?\gh /r5g? rose 
into ! ve9s ( ?is man  f ! dep?s ( !    
e>?4 ,?is figure 0 l a silh\ette ( a    
tree t has ! /orms ( ,m>* /ill be=e x & 
trembles because  ! fruit & fulness (   
its summ] lives no m 9 its roots1 b is  
sl[ly ris+ to ! trunk ab\t :i* ! great  
w9ds w te>4    ,! figure is significant 
9 /ill ano!r s5se4 ,x indicates 9  ! "w 
( ,rod9 ! bir? ( ge/ure4 ,t ge/ure :i*  
grew &  develop$ to su* greatness & p[]1
 "h bur/s =? l a spr+  t s(tly ripples  
ov] ?is body4 ,x awak5s 9 ! d>kness (   
primal times & 9 its gr[? seems to fl[  
?r\gh ! bread? (  ?is "w z ?\gh rea*+   
out f by-gone c5turies to ^? t  are to  
come4 ,hesitat+ly x unfolds itself 9 !  
lift$ arms4 ,^!  arms are /ill s heavy t
 ! h& ( "o re/s ^u ! top ( !  head4 ,b  
?is h& is r\s$ f its sleep1 x           
conc5trates itself  q high on ! top ( ! 
bra9 :]e x lies solit>y4 ,x prep>es  = !

 "w ( c5turies1 a "w t has no measure & 
no end4 ,&  ! "r foot /&s expectant ) a 
fir/ /ep4    ,"o w\ld say ( ?is ge/ure t
 x is wrapp$ into a h>d bud4 ,9  a      
?\ght's gl[ & a /orm 9 w x unfolds      
itself & t ,/4  ,john /eps =? ) excit$1 
speak+ arms & ) ! spl5did  /ep ( "o :o  
feels ,ano!r foll[ him4 ,! body ( ?is   
man is n  unte/$4 ,des]ts h gl[$ ?r\gh  
x1 hung] has made x a*e &  all ?ir/s h  
tri$ x4 ,he has endur$ & has become h>d4
 ,8  lean1 ascetic body is l a =k$ piece
 ( wood t encloses1 z x  71 ! wide angle
 ( 8 /ride4 ,he walks4 444 ,he walks z  
?\gh  all di/ances ( ! _w 7 )9 him & he 
di/ribut$ !m  ?r\gh 8 mighty /ep4 ,he   
/rides4444 ,8 arms speak ( ?is /ep1  8  
f+]s spread & seem to make ! sign (     
/rid+ 9 ! air4    ,?is ,/4 ,john is !   
fir/ t walks 9 ! "w ( ,rod94 ,_m  foll[4
 ,! citiz5s ( ,calais beg9 _! heavy     
walk1 & all walk+  seems to prep>e = !  
mighty1 *all5g+ /ep ( ,balzac4    ,!    
ge/ure ( ! /&+ figure develops fur!r4 ,x
 )draws into  itself1 x %rivels l burn+ 

pap]1 x becomes /rong]1 m  conc5trat$1 m
 animat$4 ,t ,eve1 t 0 orig9ally to be  
plac$  ov] ! ,gates ( ,hell1 /&s ) head 
sunk deeply into ! %ad[ (  ! arms t draw
 toge!r ov] ! brea/ l ^? ( a freez+     
woman4 ,! back is r\nd$1 ! nape ( ! neck
 almo/ horizontal4  ,%e b5ds =w>d z ?\gh
 li/5+ ov] h] own body 9 :i* a new      
future beg9s to /ir4 ,& x is z ?\gh !   
gravity ( ?is future  weigh$ ^u ! s5ses 
( ! woman & drew h] d[n f ! fre$om  (   
life into ! deep1 humble s]vice (       
mo!rhood4    ,aga9 & aga9 9 8 figures   
,rod9 return$ to ?is b5d+ inw>d1  to ?is
 int5se li/5+ to "o's own dep?4 ,?is is 
se5 9 !  wond]ful figure :i* he has     
call$ ,la ,mditation & 9 t  immemorable 
,voix ,intrieure1 ! mo/ sil5t voice (   
,victor ,hugo's  songs1 t /&s on !      
monum5t ( ! poet almo/ hidd5 "u !  voice
 ( wra?4 ,nev] 0 human body assembl$ to 
su* an ext5t ab\t  its inn] self1 s b5t 
by its own s\l & yet upheld by ! ela/ic 
/r5g? ( its blood4 ,! neck1 b5t         
side-wise on ! l[]$ body1  rises &      

/ret*es & holds ! li/5+ head ov] !      
di/ant ro>  ( life2 ?is is s            
impressively & /rongly conceiv$ t "o    
does  n rememb] a m gripp+ ge/ure or "o 
( deep] mean+4 ,x is  /rik+ t ! arms are
 lack+4 ,rod9 mu/ h consid]$ ^!  arms z 
too facile a solution ( 8 task1 z some?+
 t did n  belong to t body :i* desir$ to
 be enwrapp$ )9 itself )\t  ! aid (     
aught ext]nal4 ,:5 "o looks ^u ?is      
figure "o ?9ks  ( ,duse 9 a drama (     
d',annunzio's1 :5 %e is pa9fully ab&on$ 
&  tries to embrace )\t arms & to hold  
)\t h&s4 ,?is sc5e1 9  :i* h] body has  
le>n$ a c>ess+ t rea*es beyond x1       
belongs  to ! un=gettable mom5ts 9 h]   
act+4 ,x conveys ! impression  t ! arms 
are some?+ sup]flu\s1 an adornm5t1 a ?+ 
( !  ri*1 some?+ immod]ate t "o c ?r[ (f
 9 ord] to become  q poor4 ,%e appe>$ 9 
?is mom5t z ?\gh %e _h =feit$  some?+   
unimportant1 r l someone :o gives away 8
 cup 9  ord] to dr9k out ( ! brook4     
,! same complet5ess is convey$ 9 all !  
armless /atues (  ,rod93 no?+ necess>y  

is lack+4 ,"o /&s be=e !m z  be=e some?+
 :ole4 ,! feel+ ( incomplet5ess does n  
rise f ! m]e aspect ( a ?+1 b f !       
assumption ( a  n>r[-m9d$ p$antry1 :i*  
says t arms are a necess>y "p  ( ! body 
& t a body )\t arms _c be p]fect4 ,x 0  
n long s9ce t rebellion arose aga9/ !   
cutt+ (f ( trees  f ! edge ( pictures by
 ! ,impressioni/s4 ,cu/om rapidly       
accept$ ?is impression4 ,) reg>d to !   
pa9t]1 at lea/1  came ! und]/&+ & !     
belief t an arti/ic :ole ne$  n         
necess>ily co9cide ) ! complete ?+1 t   
new values1  proportions & balances may 
orig9ate )9 ! pictures4 ,9 ! art  (     
sculpture1 also1 x is left to ! arti/ to
 make out ( _m ?+s  "o ?+1 & f ! smalle/
 "p ( a ?+ an entirety4    ,!re are     
among ! works ( ,rod9 h&s1 s+le1 small  
h&s :i*1  )\t belong+ to a body1 are    
alive4 ,h&s t rise1 irritat$  & 9 wra?2 
h&s ^: five bri/l+ f+]s seem to b>k l ! 
five jaws ( a dog ( ,hell4 ,h&s t walk1 
sleep+ h&s1 & h&s  t are awak+2 crim9al 
h&s1 ta9t$ ) h]$it>y disease2 &  h&s t  

are tir$ & w d no m1 & h la9 d[n 9 "s   
corn] l sick animals t "k no "o c help  
!m4 ,b h&s are  a complicat$ organism1 a
 delta into :i* _m div]g5t /reams (     
life ru% toge!r 9 ord] to p\r !mselves  
into ! great /orm  ( action4 ,!re is a  
hi/ory ( h&s2 !y h _! own culture1  _!  
p>ticul> beauty2 "o conc$es to !m ! "r (
 _! own  developm5t1 _! own ne$s1       
feel+s1 caprices & t5d]nesses4  ,rod91  
kn[+ ?r\gh ! education :i* he has giv5  
himself t  ! entire body consi/s ( sc5es
 ( life1 ( a life t may become  9 e     
detail individual & great1 has ! p[] to 
give to any "p  ( ?is vibrat+ surface ! 
indep5d5ce ( a :ole4 ,z ! human  body is
 to ,rod9 an entirety only z long z a   
common action /irs  all its p>ts & =ces1
 s on ! o!r h& portions ( diff]5t       
bodies t cl+ to "o ano!r f an inn]      
necessity m]ge into "o  organism4 ,a h& 
laid on ano!r's %\ld] or ?igh does n any
 m  belong to ! body f :i* x came1--f   
?is body & f !  object :i* x t\*es or   
seizes some?+ new orig9ates1 a new ?+  t

 has no "n & belongs to no "o4    ,?is  
compreh5sion is ! f\ndation ( ! gr\p+ ( 
figures  by ,rod92 f x spr+s t coh]5ce (
 ! figures1 t  conc5tration ( ! =ms1 t  
quality ( cl++ toge!r4 ,he does  n      
proce$ to "w f figures t embrace "o     
ano!r4 ,he has  no models :i* he        
arranges & places toge!r2 he />ts ) !   
po9ts ( ! /ronge/ contact z be+ !       
culm9at+ po9ts ( !  "w4 ,!re :]e some?+ 
new arises1 he beg9s & devotes all !    
capacity ( 8 *isel to ! my/]i\s ph5om5on
 t accompanies  ! gr[? ( a new ?+4 ,he  
works1 z x 71 by ! light ( !  flame t   
fla%es out f ^! po9ts ( contact1 & sees 
only  ^? p>ts ( ! body t are ?us        
illum9at$4    ,! spell ( ! great gr\p ( 
! girl & ! man t is nam$  ,! ,kiss lies 
9 ?is und]/&+ di/ribution ( life4 ,9 ?is
  gr\p waves fl[ ?r\gh ! bodies1 a      
%udd]+ ripple1 a ?rill (  /r5g?1 & a    
presag+ ( beauty4 ,?is is ! reason :y "o
 beholds  ev]y:]e on ^! bodies ! ec/acy 
( ?is kiss4 ,x is l a sun  t rises &    
floods all ) its light4    ,/ill m      

m>vel\s is t o!r kiss ,l't]nelle ,idole4
 ,!  mat]ial texture ( ?is creation     
encloses a liv+ impulse z a  wall       
encloses a g>d54 ,"o ( ! copies ( ?is   
m>ble is 9 !  possession ( ,eugne       
,c>rire1 & 9 ! sil5t twilight ( 8 h\se  
?is /one pulsates l a spr+ 9 :i* !re is 
an et]nal motion1  a ris+ & fall+1 a    
my/]i\s /ir ( an elem5tal =ce4 ,a girl  
kneels1 h] beautiful body is s(tly b5t  
backw>d1 h] "r arm is  /ret*$ beh9d h]4 
,h] h& has grop+ly f\nd h] foot4 ,9 ^!  
?ree l9es :i* %ut h] 9 f ! out] _w h]   
life lies  enclos$ ) its secret4 ,! /one
 b5ea? h] lifts h] up z %e  kneels !re4 
,& sudd5ly1 9 ! attitude into :i* ! "y  
girl  has fall5 f idl5ess1 or rev]ie1 or
 solitude1 "o recognizes an  anci5t1    
sacr$ symbol1 a po/ure l t into :i* !   
goddess (  di/ant1 cruel cults _h sunk4 
,! head ( ?is woman b5ds some:at  =w>d2 
) an expression ( indulg5ce1 maje/y &   
=be>ance1 %e  looks d[n z f ! height ( a
 /ill night ^u ! man :o s9ks  8 face    
into h] bosom z ?\gh into _m blossoms4  

,he1 too1 kneels1  b deep]1 deep 9 !    
/one4 ,8 h&s lie beh9d him l wor?less  &
 empty ?+s4 ,! "r h& is op52 "o sees    
into x4 ,f ?is  gr\p radiates a my/]i\s 
greatness4 ,"o does n d>e to give x  "o 
mean+1 x has ?\s&s4 ,?\ghts glide ov] x 
l %ad[s1  new mean+s arise l riddles &  
unfold into cle> significance4  ,some?+ 
( ! mood ( a ,purgatorio lives )9 ?is   
"w4 ,a heav5  is ne> t has n yet be5    
rea*$1 a hell is ne> t has n yet  be5   
=gott54 ,"h1 too1 all spl5d\r fla%es f !
 contact (  ! two bodies & f ! contact (
 ! woman ) h]self4    ,ano!r conception 
( ! !me ( ! contact ( liv+ surfaces &   
mov+ planes is t /up5d\s ,porte de      
,l',enf] on :i* ,rod9 has  work$ = tw5ty
 ye>s & ! f9al ca/+ into bronze ( :i* is
  imm95t4 ,advanc+ simultane\sly 9 !    
pursuit ( ! import ( !  movem5ts (      
planes & _! po9ts ( conflu5ce ,rod9 came
 to seek  bodies t t\*$ "o ano!r on _m  
po9ts1 bodies ^: movem5ts  7 m vehem5t1 
/rong] & m impetu\s4 ,! m mutual po9ts  
( contact two bodies (f]$1 ! m          

impati5tly !y ru%$ ^u  ea* o!r l        
*emicals ( close aff9ity4 ,! tight] !   
new :ole  :i* !y =m$ held toge!r1 ! m !y
 became l "o organism4    ,f ,! ,gates (
 ,hell memories ( ,dante em]g$4 ,ugol9o2
 !  w&]+ ones1 ,dante & ,virgil1 close  
toge!r2 ! ?rong ( !  voluptu\s f among  
:om l a dri$ up tree rose ! grasp+      
ge/ure ( ! av>ici\s4 ,! c5taurs1 !      
giants & mon/]s1 !  syr5s1 fauns & wives
 ( fauns1 all ! wild & rav5\s           
god-animals  ( ! pre-,*ri/ian =e/ rose  
be=e him4 ,he conjur$ all ! =ms  (      
,dante's dream z ?\gh f out ! /irr+     
dep?s ( p]sonal  remembrance & gave !m  
"o aft] ano!r ! sil5t deliv]ance (      
mat]ial exi/5ce4 ,hundr$s ( figures &   
gr\ps 7 ?us creat$4  ,! visions ( ! poet
 :o belong$ to ano!r age awak5$ ! arti/ 
:o made !m rise aga9 to ! k ( a ?\s& o!r
 ge/ures2  ge/ures ( seiz+1 los+1 suff]+
 & ab&on+1 & 8 tireless  h&s /ret*$ out 
f>!r & f>!r beyond ! _w ( !  ,flor5t9e  
to ev] new =ms & revelations4    ,?is   
e>ne/1 self-c5tr$ work] :o _h nev] s\ght

 = mat]ial &  :o desir$ no o!r fulfilm5t
 ?an 0 atta9able by ! increas+ly  matur+
 ma/]y ( 8 *isel ?us p5etrat$ ?r\gh all 
! dramas  ( life4 ,! dep?s ( ! nights ( 
love unfold$ !mselves to him  & reveal$ 
! d>k1 sorr[ful & blissful bread? ( a   
realm l  t ( a /ill h]oic _w 9 :i* !re 7
 no g>m5ts1 9 :i*  faces 7 ext+ui%$ &   
bodies 7 supreme4 ,) s5ses at :ite  heat
 he s\ght life 9 ! great *aos ( ?is     
wre/l+1 & :at he  saw 0 ,life4    ,life 
did n close 9 ab\t him 9 sultry         
n>r[ness3 ! atmosph]e (  ! alcoves 0 f> 
away4 ,"h life became "w2 a ?\s&fold    
life  ?robb$ 9 e mom5t4 ,"h 0 loss &    
ga91 madness & fright1  long+ & sorr[4  
,"h 0 a desire t 0 immeasurable1 a ?ir/ 
s great t all ! wat]s ( ! _w dri$ up 9 x
 l a s+le  drop4 ,"h 0 no ly+ & d5y+1 & 
"h ! joys ( giv+ &  tak+ 7 g5u9e &      
great4 ,"h 7 ! vices & blasphemies1 !   
damnations & ! beatitudes2 & sudd5ly x  
became evid5t t a  _w 0 poor t conceal$ 
or buri$ all ?is life or pret5d$ t  x   
did n exi/4 ,x 06    ,alongside ( ! :ole

 hi/ory ( mank9d 0 ?is o!r hi/ory t  did
 n "k disguises1 conv5tions1 diff]5ces  
or ranks1 t only  knew /rife4 ,?is      
hi/ory1 too1 _h its evolution4 ,f an    
in/9ct x  _h become a long+1 f a        
physical possessor%ip betwe5 man &      
woman x _h become an uplift+ desire (   
human be+ = human be+4  ,?us ?is hi/ory 
appe>s 9 ! "w ( ,rod92 /ill ! et]nal    
/ruggle ( ! sexes1 b ! woman is no m !  
ov]p[]$ or  will+ animal4 ,%e is long+ &
 awake l ! man1 & bo? man &  woman seem 
to h met 9 ord] to f9d _! s\ls4 ,! man  
:o rises  at night & s(tly seeks ano!r  
is l a treasure-seek] :o wi%es  to f9d  
on ! cross-roads ( sex ! great happ9ess4
 ,to discov] 9  all lu/s & crimes1 9 all
 trials & all despair1 an inf9ite reason
  = exi/5ce is a "p ( t great long+ t   
creates poets4 ,"h  humanity hung]s =   
some?+ beyond itself4 ,"h h&s /ret* out 
= et]nity4 ,"h eyes op51 see ,dea? & d n
 fe> him4 ,"h a  hopeless h]oism reveals
 itself ^: glory dawns & vani%es l a    
smile1 blossoms & )]s l a rose4 ,"h are 

all ! /orms (  desire & ! calms (       
expectation4 ,"h are dreams t become    
de$s  & de$s t fade into dreams4 ,"h1 z 
at a gigantic gambl+ table1  great      
=tunes are lo/ or won4    ,rod9's "w    
embodi$ all ?is4 ,he :o _h se5 s mu*    
life f\nd  "h life's fulness &          
abundance3 ! body ea* "p ( :i* 0  w1 !  
m\?s1 t _h ! =m ( cries :i* seem$ to    
rise f  ! dep?s ( ! e>?4 ,he f\nd !     
ge/ures ( ! anci5t gods1  ! beauty &    
suppl5ess ( animals1 ! reel+ ( old      
dances1 !  movem5ts ( =gott5 div9e      
s]vices1 /rangely comb9$ ) new  ge/ures 
t _h orig9at$ dur+ ! long p]iod 9 :i*   
art  0 ali5 & bl9d to all ^! relations4 
,^! new ge/ures 7  p>ticul>ly int]e/+ to
 him4 ,!y 7 impati5t4 ,z someone :o     
seeks = an object = a long "t becomes m 
& m helpless1  confus$1 & ha/y1 & f9ally
 creates a disord] 9 an accumulation  ( 
?+s ab\t him1 s ! ge/ures ( mank9d :o _c
 f9d reason  = exi/5ce1 h become m & m  
impati5t1 n]v\s &  hurri$4 ,man's       
movem5ts h become m hesitat+4 ,!y h no  

m ! a?letic & resolute /r5g? ) :i* =m]  
m5 grappl$  all ?+s4 ,!y d n resemble ^?
 movem5ts t are pres]v$  9 anci5t       
images1 ^? ge/ures ( :i* only ! fir/ & !
  la/ 7 important4 ,betwe5 ^! two simple
 movem5ts innum]able  transitions h be5 
int]polat$1 & x is manife/ t x is j  9  
^! int]v5+ mom5ts t ! life ( ! man (    
to-day passes  by2 8 action & 8         
disability = action1 ! seiz+1 ! hold+1  
! ab&on+ has *ang$4 ,9 ev]y?+ !re is mu*
 m exp]i5ce  & at ! same "t m ignorance2
 !re is despond5cy & a  cont9u\s attack 
aga9/ opposition2 !re is grief ov] ?+s  
lo/2  !re is calculation1 judgm5t1      
consid]ation & less spontaneity4        
,rod9 has discov]$ ^! ge/ures1 has      
evolv$ !m out ( "o or  sev]al figures & 
m\ld$ !m into sculptural =ms4 ,he has   
end[$  hundr$s & hundr$s ( figures t 7  
only a little l>g] ?an  8 h& ) ! life ( 
all passions1 ! blossom+ ( all delights 
& ! burd5 ( all vices4 ,he nas creat$   
bodies t t\* ea*  o!r all ov] & cl+     
toge!r l animals bitt5 into ea* o!r1  t 

fall into ! dep? ( on5ess l a s+le      
organism2 bodies t  li/5 l faces & lift 
!mselves l arms2 *a9s ( bodies1  g>l&s &
 t5drils & heavy clu/]s ( bodies into   
:i* s9's  sweetness rises out ( ! roots 
( pa94 ,leon>do only ) equal  p[] has   
?us jo9$ m5 toge!r 9 8 gr&iose          
repres5tation  ( ! end ( ! _w4 ,9 8 "w z
 9 ?is are ^? :o ?r[  !mselves into !   
abyss 9 ord] to =get ! great grief1 & ^?
  :o %att] _! *ildr5's heads le/ !y %\ld
 gr[ to exp]i5ce  ! great woe4    ,!    
army ( ^! figures became mu* too num]\s 
to fit into !  frame & w+s ( ! ,gates ( 
,hell4 ,rod9 made *oice aft] *oice  &   
elim9at$ ev]y?+ t 0 too solit>y to      
subject itself  to ! great totality2    
ev]y?+ t 0 n q necess>y 0  reject$4 ,he 
made ! figures & gr\ps f9d _! own       
places2 he  obs]v$ ! life ( ! p t he _h 
creat$1 li/5$ to !m  & left e "o to 8 w4
 ,?us ye> aft] ye> ! _w ( ?is  gate     
grew4 ,its surface to :i* pla/ic =ms 7  
atta*$ began to  live4 ,& z ! reliefs   
became s(t] & s(t] ! excitem5t ( !      

figures di$ away into ! surface4 ,9 !   
frame !re is f bo?  sides an asc5sion1 a
 mutual uplift+2 9 ! w+s ( ! gates !    
pr$om9at+ motion is a fall+1 glid+ &    
precipitat+4 ,! w+s  rec$e some:at & _! 
upp] edge is sep>at$ f ! project+  edge 
( ! cross-frame by a l>ge surface4 ,be=e
 ! sil5t1 clos$  room ( ?is surface is  
plac$ ! figure ( ,! ,?9k]1 ! man :o     
realizes ! greatness & t]ror ( !        
spectacle ab\t him1 because  he ?9ks x4 
,he sits absorb$ & sil5t1 heavy ) ?\ght3
 )  all ! /r5g? ( an act+ man he ?9ks4  
,8 :ole body has become  head & all !   
blood 9 8 ve9s has become bra94 ,he     
occupies !  c5t] ( ! ,gate4 ,above him1 
on ! top ( ! frame1 are ?ree male       
figures2 !y /& ) heads b5t toge!r z ?\gh
 ov]look+ a  great dep?2 ea* /ret*es out
 an arm & po9ts t[>d ! abyss  :i* drags 
!m ev] d[nw>d4 ,! ,?9k] mu/ be> ?is     
weight  )9 himself4    ,among ! gr\ps & 
figures t h be5 model$ = ?is ,gate are  
_m ( great beauty4 ,x is impossible to  
enum]ate all ( !m z x  is impossible to 

describe !m4 ,rod9 himself once said t  
he w\ld  h to speak = "o ye> 9 ord] to  
recreate "o ( 8 works 9  words4    ,^!  
small figures :i* are pres]v$ 9 pla/]1  
bronze & /one1  l "s animal figures ( ! 
,antique1 give ! impression ( be+  q    
l>ge4 ,!re is 9 ,rod9's /udio ! ca/ ( a 
pan!r1 a ,greek  "w h>dly z l>ge z a h& 
7! orig9al ( :i* is 9 ! cab9et  (       
,m$allions 9 ! ,national ,libr>y (      
,p>is72 z "o /&s 9 front  ( ?is bea/ &  
looks "u its body into ! room =m$ by !  
f\r  /rong1 supple paws1 "o seems to    
look into ! dep? ( an ,indian  /one     
temple4 ,z ?is "w gr[s & ext5ds itself  
to ! greatness  ( its sugge/ion1 s !    
small pla/ic figures ( ,rod9 convey !   
s5se ( l>g5ess4 ,by ! play ( innum]ably 
_m surfaces & by !  p]fect & decisive   
planes1 he creates an effect (          
magnitude4 ,!  atmosph]e ab\t ^! figures
 is l t :i* surr\nds rocks4 ,an  upw>d  
sweep ( l9es seems to lift up ! heav5s1 
! flight ( _!  fall to te> d[n ! />s4   
,at ?is "t1 p]haps1 ! ,danaide 0 creat$1

 a figure t has  ?r[n itself f a kneel+ 
position d[n into a weal? ( fl[+  hair4 
,x is wond]ful to walk sl[ly ab\t ?is   
m>ble1 to foll[  ! long l9e t curves    
ab\t ! ri*ly unfold$ r\ndness ( !  back 
to ! face t loses itself 9 ! /one z ?\gh
 9 a great  weep+1 & to ! h& :i* l a    
brok5 fl[] speaks s(tly  once m ( life t
 lies deep "u ! et]nal ice ( ! block4   
,illusion1 ! daught] ( ,ic>us1 is a     
lum9\s mat]ialization (  a long1        
helpless fall4 ,! beautiful gr\p t is   
call$ ,l'homme  et sa p5se is !         
repres5tation ( a man :o kneels & ) !   
t\* ( 8 =ehead ^u ! /one be=e him awak5s
 ! sil5t =m  ( a woman :o rema9s        
imprison$ 9 ! /one4 ,9 ?is gr\p "o is   
impress$ ) ! expression ( !             
insep>abl5ess ) :i* !  man's ?\ght cl+s 
to 8 =ehead2 = x is 8 ?\ght t lives  &  
is always pres5t be=e him1 ! ?\ght :i*  
takes %ape 9 !  /one4    ,! "w mo/ ne>ly
 relat$ to ?is 9 conception is ! head t 
mus+ly & sil5tly frees itself f a block4
 ,la ,p5se is a  transc5d5t vision (    

life t rises sl[ly out ( ! heavy sleep (
  ! /one4    ,! ,c>yatid is no m ! erect
 figure t be>s lightly or  unyield+ly ! 
heav9ess ( ! m>ble4 ,a woman's =m kneels
  cr\*+1 z ?\gh b5t by ! burd51 ! weight
 ( :i* s9ks )  a cont9u\s pressure into 
all ! figure's limbs4 ,^u e smalle/  "p 
( ?is body ! :ole /one lies l ! insi/5ce
 ( a w  t is great]1 old] & m p[]ful1 a 
pressure1 :i* x is !  fate ( ?is body to
 cont9ue to endure4 ,! figure be>s its  
burd5 z  we be> ! impossible 9 dreams f 
:i* we c f9d no escape4 ,ev5  ! s9k+    
toge!r ( ! fail+ figure expresses ?is   
pressure2 &  :5 a great] we>9ess =ces ! 
body d[n to a ly+ po/ure1 x  w ev5 !n   
/ill be "u ! pressure ( ?is weight1 be>+
 x  )\t end4 ,su* is ! ,c>yatid4    ,"o 
may always expla91 accompany & surr\nd  
,rod9's works )  ?\ghts4 ,= all to :om  
simple contemplation is too difficult & 
unaccu/om$ a road to beauty !re are o!r 
roads1 det\rs lead+  to mean+s t are    
noble1 great1 complete4 ,! inf9ite      
correctness  ( ^! creations1 ! p]fect   

balance ( all _! movem5ts1 !  wond]ful  
inw>d ju/ice ( _! proportions1 _!       
p5etration into  life--all t makes !m   
beautiful--gives !m ! /r5g? ( be+       
unsurpassable mat]ializations ( ! ideas 
:i* ! ma/] call$  into be+ :5 he nam$   
!m4 ,rod9 liv$ ne> 8 "w &1 l !  cu/odian
 ( a ,museum1 cont9u\sly evolv$ f x new 
mean+s4 ,"o  le>ns mu* f 8              
int]pretations b 9 ! contemplation ( ^! 
works1 alone & undi/urb$1 "o ga!rs a    
/ill full] & ri*]  und]/&+ ( !m4    ,:]e
 ! fir/ sugge/ion comes f "s def9ite    
subject1 :]e an  anci5t tale1 a passage 
f a poem1 an hi/orical sc5e or "s real  
p]son is ! inspiration1 ! subject matt] 
trans=ms itself m  & m into reality dur+
 ! process ( ! "w4 ,translat$ into  !   
language ( ! h&s1 ! int]pretations      
acquire entirely new  *>act]i/ics :i*   
develop into pla/ic fulfilm5t4 ,! draw+s
  ( ,rod9 prep>e ! way = ! sculptural "w
 by trans=m+ &  *ang+ ! sugge/ions4 ,9  
?is ,art1 too1 ,rod9 has cultivat$ 8    
own me?ods ( expression4 ,!             

individuality ( ^! draw+s--!re  are _m  
hundr$s ( !m--pres5ts an indep5d5t &    
orig9al  manife/ation ( 8 arti/ic       
p]sonality4    ,!re are f an e>li] p]iod
 wat] col\rs ) surpris+ly  /rong effects
 ( light & %ade1 su* z ! fam\s ,homme au
  ,taureau1 :i* rem9ds "o ( ,rembr&t4 ,!
 head ( ! "y ,/4  ,jean ,bapti/e & !    
%riek+ mask = ! ,g5ius ( ,w>--all  ^!   
are sket*es & /udies :i* help$ ! arti/  
to recognize  ! life ( surfaces & _!    
relation%ip to ! atmosph]e4 ,!re  are   
draw+s t are done ) a direct c]ta9ty1   
=ms complete  9 all _! cont\rs1 drawn 9 
) _m quick /rokes ( ! p52  !re are o!rs 
enclos$ 9 ! melody ( a s+le vibrat+     
outl9e4  ,rod91 acc$+ to ! wi% ( a      
collector1 has illu/rat$ ) 8  draw+s "o 
copy ( ! ,fleurs du ,mal4 ,to speak (   
express+ a  f9e und]/&+ ( ,baudelaire's 
v]ses1 conveys no mean+2 m is  convey$  
if x is recall$ t ^! poems 9 _! fulness 
d n  admit ( supplem5t4 ,yet 9 spite (  
?is "o feels an enhancem5t  :]e ,rod9's 
l9es int]pret ?is "w1 su* is ! measure (

 !  ov]p[]+ beauty ( ^! draw+s4 ,! p5 & 
ink draw+ t  is plac$ opposite ! poem   
,la ,mort des ,pauvres exce$s ^! great  
v]ses ) s simple & ev]-gr[+ a bread? (  
mean+ t !  sweep ( its l9es seems to    
include ! univ]sal4 ,?is quality (      
enhancem5t is also f\nd 9 ! dry-po9t    
et*+s1 9 :i* !  c\rse ( inf9itely t5d]  
l9es appe>s to fl[ ) an absolute        
accuracy ( movem5t ov] ! und]ly+ ess5ce 
( =m1 l !  out] m>k+s ( "s beautiful    
cry/all9e ?+4    ,! /range docum5ts ( ! 
mom5t>y & ( ! unnoticeably  pass+1      
orig9at$ at ?is "t4 ,rod9 assum$ t if   
caught quickly1  ! simple movem5ts ( !  
model :5 he believes himself unobs]v$1  
conta9 ! /r5g? ( an expression :i* is n 
surmis$1 because  "o is n wont to foll[ 
x ) int5se & con/ant att5tion4 ,by  n   
p]mitt+ 8 eyes to leave ! model = an    
in/ant1 & by  all[+ 8 quick & tra9$ h&  
free play ov] ! draw+ pap]  ,rod9 seiz$ 
an enorm\s numb] ( nev] be=e obs]v$ &   
hi!rto  unrecord$ ge/ures ( :i* !       
radiat+ =ce ( expression 0  imm5se4     

,conjo9+ movem5ts t _h be5 ov]look$ &   
unrecogniz$  z a :ole1 repres5t$ &      
conta9$ all ! directness1 =ce &  w>m? ( 
animal life4 ,a bru% full ( o*re outl9$ 
! cont\rs )  quickly *ang+ acc5tuation1 
model$ ! enclos$ surface ) su*          
incr$ible =ce t ! draw+ appe>s l a      
figure 9 t]ra cotta4  ,& aga9 a new dep?
 0 discov]$ full ( unsurmis$ life2 a    
dep?  ov] :i* e*o+ /eps _h pass$ & :i*  
gave its wat]s only to  him ^: h&s      
possess$ ! magic w& t disclos$ its      
secret4    ,9 portraiture ! pictorial   
expression ( ! !me belong$ to !         
prep>ation f :i* ,rod9 proce$$ sl[ly to 
! completion ( !  "w4 ,= errone\s z x is
 to see 9 ,rod9's pla/ic art a k9d  (   
,impressionism1 x is ! multitude (      
precisely & boldly seiz$  impressions t 
is always ! great treasure f :i* he     
ultimately  *ooses ! important &        
necess>y1 9 ord] to compreh5d 8 "w  9   
its p]fect syn!sis4 ,z he proce$s f !   
bodies to ! faces  x mu/ seem to him z  
?\gh he /epp$ f a w9d-swept di/ance     

into a room 9 :i* _m m5 are ga!r$4 ,"h  
ev]y?+ is cr[d$  & dim & ! mood ( an    
int]ior pr$om9ates "u ! ar*es (  ! br[ &
 9 ! %ad[s ( ! m\?4 ,ov] ! bodies !re is
  always *ange1 an ebb & flood l ! da%+ 
( waves4 ,! faces  possess an atmosph]e 
l t ( rooms 9 :i* _m ?+s h  happ5$1     
joy\s & tragic incid5ts1 exp]i5ces      
dead5+ or full (  expectation4 ,no ev5t 
has entirely pass$1 none has tak5 !     
place (  ! o!r1 "o has be5 plac$ beside 
! o!r & has rema9$ !re  & has )]$ l a   
fl[] 9 a glass4 ,b he :o comes f !  op5 
out ( ! great w9d br+s di/ance into !   
room4    ,! mask ( ,! ,man ) ! ,brok5   
,nose 0 ! fir/ portrait t  ,rod9 model$4
 ,9 ?is "w 8 individual mann] ( portray+
 a  face is entirely =m$4 ,"o feels 8   
admitt$ devotion to reality1  8 rev]5ce 
= e l9e t fate has drawn1 8 confid5ce 9 
life t creates ev5 :]e x disfigures4 ,9 
a k9d ( bl9d fai?  he sculptur$         
,l',homme au ,nez ,cass )\t ask+ :o !   
man  0 :o liv$ aga9 9 8 h&s4 ,he made   
?is mask z ,god creat$  ! fir/ man1 )\t 

int5tion ( pres5t+ any?+ save ,life     
itself--immeasurable ,life4 ,b he       
return$ to ! faces ( m5 )  an ev]-gr[+1 
ri*] & great] k4 ,he c\ld n look ^u  _! 
features )\t ?9k+ ( ! days t _h left _! 
impress  ^u !m1 )\t dwell+ ^u ! army (  
?\ghts t work$  incessantly ^u a face1 z
 ?\gh x c\ld nev] be f9i%$4 ,f a  sil5t 
& consci5ti\s obs]vation ( life1 !      
mature man1 at fir/  grop+ & exp]im5t+1 
became m & m sure & audaci\s  9 8       
und]/&+ & int]pretation ( ! script ) :i*
 !  faces 7 cov]$4 ,he did n give re9 to
 8 imag9ation1 he did  n inv5t1 he did n
 neglect = a mom5t ! h>d /ruggle ) 8    
tools4 ,x w\ld h be5 easy to surm\nt1 z 
if ) w+s1 ^!  difficulties4 ,he walk$   
side by side ) 8 "w ov] ! f> &  di/ant  
/ret*es t _h to be cov]$1 l ! pl\gh-man 
beh9d  8 pl\gh4 ,:ile he trac$ 8 furr[s1
 he m$itat$ ov] 8 l&1  ! dep? ( x1 ! sky
 above x1 ! flights ( ! w9ds & !  fall (
 ! ra9s2 consid]$ all t exi/$ & pass$ by
 &  return$ & ceas$ n to be4 ,he        
recogniz$ 9 all ?is ! et]nal1  & becom+ 

less & less p]plex$ by ! _m ?+s1 he     
p]ceiv$  ! "o great ?+ = :i* grief 0    
good1 & heav9ess promis$  mat]nity1 &   
pa9 became beautiful4    ,!             
int]pretation ( ?is p]ception began ) ! 
portraits1 &  f t "t p5etrat$ ev] deep] 
into 8 "w4 ,x is ! la/  /ep1 ! la/ cycle
 9 8 developm5t4 ,rod9 began sl[ly & )  
inf9ite precaution ent]$ ^u ?is new     
road4 ,he advanc$ f  surface to surface 
foll[+ ,nature's laws4 ,nature h]self   
po9t$ out  to him1 z x 71 ! places 9 :i*
 he saw m ?an 0 visible4  ,he evolv$ "o 
great simplification out ( _m confusions
 z ,*ri/  br\ght unity into ! confusion 
( a guilty p by ! revelation  ( a       
sublime p>able4 ,he fulfill$ an int5tion
 ( nature1 complet$  some?+ t 0 helpless
 9 its gr[?4 ,he disclos$ ! coh]5ces  z 
a cle> ev5+ foll[+ a mi/y day unveils ! 
m\nta9s :i*  rise 9 great waves out ( ! 
f> di/ance4    ,full ( ! vital abundance
 ( 8 k1 he p5etrat$ into !  faces ( ^? t
 liv$ ab\t him1 l a prophet ( ! future4 
,?is intuitive quality gives to 8       

portraits ! cle> accuracy & at  ! same  
"t ! prophetic greatness :i* rises to   
su* indescribable  p]fection 9 ! figures
 ( ,victor ,hugo & ( ,balzac4 ,to create
 an  image meant to ,rod9 to seek       
et]nity 9 a c\nt5ance1 t "p (  et]nity )
 :i* ! face 0 alli$ 9 ! great c\rse (   
?+s  et]nal4 ,ea* face t he has model$  
he has lift$ out ( ! bondage  ( ! pres5t
 into ! fre$om ( ! future1 z "o holds a 
?+  up t[>d ! light ( ! sky 9 ord] to   
und]/& its pur] &  simpl] =ms4 ,rod9's  
conception ( ,art 0 n to beautify or to 
give a *>act]i/ic expression1 b to      
sep>ate ! la/+ f !  transitory1 to sit 9
 judgm5t1 to be j4    ,beside ! et*+s1 8
 portrait "w embraces a great numb] (   
f9i%$ & ma/]ly draw+s4 ,!re are bu/s 9  
pla/]1 9 bronze1  9 m>ble & 9 s&-/one1  
heads & masks 9 t]ra cotta4 ,portraits  
( wom5 occur aga9 & aga9 ?r\gh all !    
p]iods ( 8 "w4  ,! fam\s bu/ ( !        
,luxemb\rg is "o ( ! e>lie/4 ,?is bu/ is
  full ( individual life1 ( a c]ta9     
beautiful1 womanly *>m1 b x  is surpass$

 9 simplicity & conc5tration by _m lat] 
works4 ,x  is1 p]haps1 ! only bu/ :i*   
possesses a beauty n absolutely         
*>act]i/ic ( ,rod9's "w4 ,?is portrait  
survives p>tly because  ( a c]ta9       
graci\sness :i* has be5 h]$it>y =       
c5turies  9 ,fr5* pla/ic art4 ,x %9es   
some:at ) ! elegance ( !  inf]ior       
sculptures ( ,fr5* tradition2 x is n q  
free f  t gallant conception ( ! belle  
femme beyond :i* ! s]i\s  & ! deeply    
p5etrat+ "w ( ,rod9 grew s quickly4 ,"o 
%\ld  rememb] t he _h to ov]come !      
ance/ral conception1 _h to  suppress an 
inborn capacity = ?is fl[+ grace 9 ord] 
to beg9  8 "w q simply4 ,he mu/ n cease 
to be a ,fr5*man2 ! ma/]  build]s ( !   
ca!drals 7 also ,fr5*m54    ,8 lat]     
sculptures ( wom5 h a diff]5t beauty1 m 
deeply  f\nd$ & less traditional4 ,rod9 
has1 = ! mo/ "p1 execut$  portraits (   
=eign wom51 especially ,am]ican wom54   
,!re are among  ^! bu/s "s ( wond]ful   
craftsman%ip1 m>bles t are l  pure &    
p]fect antique cameos4 ,faces ^: smiles 

play s(tly ov]  ! features l veils t    
seem to rise & fall ) e brea?2  /rangely
 half-clos$ lips & eyes :i* seem to look
 dreamily into  ! bright effulg5ce ( an 
ev]la/+ moonlit night4 ,to ,rod9 !  face
 ( a woman seems to be a "p ( h]        
beautiful body4 ,he conceives  ! eyes ( 
! face to be eyes ( ! body1 & ! m\? !   
m\?  ( ! body4 ,:5 he creates bo? face &
 body z a :ole1 ! face  radiates s vital
 an expression ( life t ^! portraits (  
wom5  seem prophetic4    ,! portraits ( 
m5 are diff]5t4 ,! ess5ce ( a man c be m
  easily imag9$ to be conc5trat$ )9 !   
limits ( 8 face2 !re  are mom5ts ( calm 
& ( inw>d excitem5t 9 :i* all life seems
  to h ent]$ into 8 face4 ,rod9 *ooses  
or r creates ^!  mom5ts :5 he models a  
man's portrait4 ,he se>*es f> back =    
individuality or "*1 does n yield to !  
fir/ impression1  nor to ! second1 nor  
to any ( ^? foll[+4 ,he obs]ves &  makes
 notes2 he records almo/ unnoticeable   
mom5ts1 turn+s &  semi-turn+s ( _m      
pr(iles f _m p]spectives4 ,he surprises 

8  model 9 relaxation & 9 ef=t1 9 8     
habitual z well z 9 8  impulsive        
expressions2 he cat*es expressions :i*  
are b sugge/$4  ,he compreh5ds          
transitions 9 all _! phases1 kn[s f :5ce
 !  smile comes & :y x fades4 ,! face ( 
man is to him l a sc5e  9 a drama 9 :i* 
he himself takes "p4 ,no?+ t occurs is  
indiff]5t to him or escapes him4 ,he    
does n urge ! model to tell  him any?+1 
he does n wi% to "k aught save t :i* he 
sees4  ,he sees ev]y?+4    ,?us a long  
"t passes dur+ ! creation ( ea* "w4 ,!  
conception evolves p>tly ?r\gh draw+s1  
seiz$ ) a few /rokes  ( ! p5 or a few   
l9es ( ! bru%1 p>tly f memory4 ,= ,rod9 
has tra9$ 8 memory to be a means (      
assi/ance z dep5dable z  x is           
compreh5sive4 ,dur+ ! h\rs 9 :i* ! model
 poses he  p]ceives mu* m ?an he c      
execute4 ,(t5 aft] ! model has  left him
 ! real "w beg9s to take =m f out !     
fulness ( 8  memory4 ,! impressions d n 
*ange )9 x b accu/om !mselves  to _!    
dwell+-place & rise f x into 8 h&s z    

?\gh !y  7 ! natural ge/ures ( ^! h&s4  
,?is mann] ( "w leads to an int5se      
compreh5sion ( hundr$s  & hundr$s (     
mom5ts ( life4 ,& su* is ! impression   
produc$  by ^! bu/s4 ,! _m wide contra/s
 & ! unexpect$ *anges  :i* comprise man 
& man's cont9u\s developm5t "h jo9      
toge!r  ) an inn] /r5g?4 ,all ! heights 
& dep?s ( be+1 all !  climates (        
temp]am5t ( ^! m5 are conc5trat$ &      
unfold  !mselves on ! hemisph]es ( _!   
heads4 ,!re is ! bu/ (  ,dal\ 9 :om a   
n]v\s fatigue vibrates side by side ) a 
t5aci\s  en]gy4 ,!re is ,h5ry ,ro*e=t's 
adv5tur\s mask1 & !re is  ,octave       
,mirabeau 9 :om beh9d a man ( action    
dawns a poet's dream  & long+1 & ,puvis 
de ,*avannes1 & ,victor ,hugo :om ,rod9 
kn[s  s well2 & !re is above all !      
indescribably beautiful bronze  portrait
 bu/ ( ! pa9t] ,jean ,paul ,laur5s :i*  
is1 p]haps1 !  mo/ beautiful ?+ 9 !     
,luxemb\rg ,museum4 ,?is bu/ is p5etrat$
  by su* deep feel+1 !re is su* t5d]    
model+ ( ! surface1 x  is s f9e 9       

c>riage1 s int5se 9 expression1 s mov$ &
 s awake  t x seems z if ,nature _h tak5
 ?is "w out ( ! sculptor's  h&s to claim
 x z "o ( h] mo/ preci\s possessions4 ,!
 gleam  & sp>kle ( ! metal t breaks l   
fire ?r\gh ! smoke-black  pat9a coat+   
adds mu* to make p]fect ! unique beauty 
( ?is "w4    ,!re is also a bu/ ( ,ba/i5
 ,lepage1 beautiful & melan*oly )  !    
expression ( ! suff]+ ( ! man ^:        
realization is a  cont9u\s dep>ture f 8 
conception4 ,?is bu/ 0 execut$ =        
,damvill]s1 ! little home village ( !   
pa9t]1 & 0 plac$  !re 9 ! *ur*y>d z a   
monum5t4    ,9 _! bread? ( conception ^!
 bu/s ( ,rod9's h some?+  ( ! monum5tal 
9 !m4 ,to ?is quality is add$ a great]  
simplification ( ! surfaces1 & a /ill m 
sev]e *oice ( !  necess>y ) a view to   
p]spective & placem5t4 ,! monum5ts :i*  
,rod9 has creat$ approa* m & m ^!       
requirem5ts4 ,he began  ) ! monum5t (   
,claude ,gele = ,nancy1 & !re is a /eep 
asc5t f ?is fir/ int]e/+ production to !
 gr&iose triumph  ( ,balzac4    ,sev]al 

( ! monum5ts by ,rod9 7 s5t to ,am]ica4 
,! mo/  mature ( !m 0 de/roy$ dur+ !    
di/urbances 9 ,*ile be=e  x rea*$ its   
de/9ation4 ,?is 0 ! eque/rian /atue (   
,g5]al  ,lyn*4 ,l ! lo/ ma/]piece (     
,leon>do1 :i* x resembl$  p]haps 9 ! =ce
 ( expression & 9 ! wond]fully vital    
unity  ( man & horse1 ?is /atue 0 n to  
be pres]v$4 ,a small copy  9 pla/] 9    
,rod9's museum at ,meudon %[s t x 0 !   
pla/ic  portrait ( a lean man :o rises  
comm&+ly 9 8 saddle1 n 9  ! brutal1     
tyrannical mann] ( a condotti]e b ) !   
n]v\s  excitem5t ( "o :o ex]cises ! p[] 
( comm& only 9 (fice b  :o is n ord9>ily
 wont to use ?is au?ority4 ,! =w>d-po9t+
  h& ( ! ,g5]al rises out ( ! mass ( !  
monum5t1 out ( man  & animal4    ,?is   
ge/ure ( comm& gives to ! /atue (       
,victor ,hugo its  memorable p[] &      
maje/y4 ,! ge/ure ( ! ag$ man's /rong1  
live  h& rais$ comm&+ly t[>d ! ocean    
does n come f ! poet  alone b desc5ds f 
! summit ( ! :ole gr\p z ?\gh f a       
m\nta9 on :i* x _h pray$ be=e x spoke4  

,victor ,hugo is "h  ! exile1 ! solit>y 
( ,gu]nsey4 ,! muses t surr\nd him are  
l ?\ghts ( 8 solitude become visible4   
,rod9 has convey$ ?is  impression ?r\gh 
! int5sification & conc5tration ( !     
figures  ab\t ! poet4 ,by conv]g+ !     
po9ts ( contact ,rod9 has succe$$  9    
creat+ ! impression t ^! wond]fully     
vibrant figures are  p>ts ( ! sitt+ man4
 ,!y move ab\t him l great ge/ures made 
"s "t dur+ 8 life1 ge/ures t 7 s        
beautiful & "y  t a goddess grant$ !m ! 
grace n to p]i% b to endure =  ev] 9 !  
=ms ( beautiful wom54    ,rod9 made     
sket*es & /udies ( ! figure ( ! poet4   
,at !  "t ( ! receptions 9 ! ,hotel     
,lusignan he obs]v$ f a  w9d[ & made    
notes ( hundr$s & hundr$s ( movem5ts & (
  ! *ang+ expressions ( ! animat$ face (
 ! old man4 ,^!  prep>ations result$ 9 !
 sev]al portraits ( ,hugo :i* ,rod9     
model$4 ,! monum5t itself embodi$ a /ill
 deep] int]pretation4  ,all ^! s+le     
impressions he ga!r$ toge!r1 & z ,hom]  
creat$  a p]fect poem out ( _m          

rhapsodies1 s he creat$ f all !         
pictures 9 8 memory1 ?is "o portrait4 ,&
 to ?is la/ picture  he gave ! greatness
 ( ! leg5d>y4 ,my?-l x might return  to 
a fanta/ically t[]+ rock 9 ! sea 9 ^:   
/range =ms  f>-remov$ peoples see life  
asleep4    ,! mo/ supreme in/ance (     
,rod9's p[] ( exalt+ a pa/ ev5t to  !   
height ( ! imp]i%able1 :5ev] hi/orical  
subjects or =ms  dem& to live aga9 9 8  
art1 is f\nd p]haps 9 ,! ,citiz5s (     
,calais4 ,! sugge/ion = ?is gr\p 0 tak5 
f a few passages  9 ! *ronicles (       
,froiss>t t tell ! /ory ( ! ,city (     
,calais at ! "t x 0 besieg$ by ! ,engli%
 k+1 ,edw>d !  ,?ird4 ,! k+1 n will+ to 
)draw f ! city1 !n on !  v]ge (         
/>vation1 ultimately cons5ts to release 
x if six ( its  mo/ noble citiz5s deliv]
 !mselves into ! h&s t he may  d ) !m   
accord+ to 8 w4 ,he dem&s t !y leave !  
city b>e-head$1 clad only 9 _! %irts1 ) 
a rope ab\t _!  necks & ! keys ( ! city 
& ( ! citadel 9 _! h&s4  ,! *ronicl]    
describes ! sc5e 9 ! city4 ,he relates  

h[ !  burgoma/]1 ,messire ,jean de      
,vi5ne1 ord]s ! bells to be rung &  !   
citiz5s to assemble 9 ! m>ket place4 ,!y
 he> ! f9al  message & wait 9           
expectation & 9 sil5ce4 ,!n h]oes rise  
among !m1 ! *os5 ones1 :o feel ! call to
 die4 ,! wail+  & weep+ ( ! multitude   
rises f ! words ( ! *ronicl]1  :o seems 
to be t\*$ = ! mom5t & to write ) a     
trembl+  p54 ,b he composes himself once
 m & m5tions f\r ( ! h]oes  by "n2 two (
 ! names he =gets4 ,he says t "o man 0 !
  weal?ie/ citiz5 ( ! city & t ano!r    
possess$ au?ority  & weal? & _h two     
beautiful maid5s = daught]s2 ( ! ?ird   
he only kn[s t he 0 ri* 9 possessions & 
h]itage1 & (  ! f\r? t he 0 ! bro!r ( ! 
?ird4 ,he reports t !y  remov$ all _!   
clo?+ save _! %irts1 t !y ti$ ropes     
ab\t _! necks & ?us dep>t$ ) ! keys ( ! 
city & (  ! citadel4 ,he tells h[ !y    
came to ! ,k+'s camp & ( h[  h>%ly ! ,k+
 receiv$ !m & h[ ! execution] /ood      
beside  !m :5 ! ,k+1 at ! reque/ ( !    
,que51 gave !m back _!  lives4 ,he li/5$

 to 8 wife1 says ,froiss>t1 because %e 0
 v  pregnant4 ,! *ronicle does n cont9ue
 fur!r4    ,= ,rod9 ?is 0 suffici5t     
mat]ial4 ,he felt imm$iately t !re  0 a 
mom5t 9 ?is /ory :5 some?+ port5t\s took
 place1  some?+ indep5d5t ( "t & place1 
some?+ simple1 some?+  great4 ,he       
conc5trat$ all 8 att5tion ^u ! mom5t ( !
  dep>ture4 ,he saw h[ ! m5 />t$ on _!  
way1 he felt h[ ?r\gh  ea* "o ( !m      
pulsat$ once m 8 entire pa/ life1 he    
realiz$  h[ ea* "o /ood !re prep>$ to   
give t life = ! sake ( !  old city4 ,six
 m5 rose be=e him1 ( :om no two 7 alike1
 only two  bro!rs 7 among !m betwe5 :om 
!re 01 possibly1 a c]ta9  simil>ity4 ,b 
ea* ( !m _h resolv$ to live 8 la/ h\r 9 
8  own way1 to celebrate x ) 8 s\l & to 
suff] = x ) 8  body1 :i* clung to life4 
,rod9 !n no long] saw ! =ms ( ^!  m54   
,ge/ures rose be=e him1 ge/ures (       
r5unciation1 ( f>ewell1  ( resignation4 
,ge/ures ov] ge/ures4 ,he ga!r$ !m      
toge!r &  gave !m =m4 ,!y ?rong$ ab\t   
him out ( ! fulness ( 8  k1 a hundr$    

h]oes rose 9 8 memory & dem&$ to be     
sacrific$4 ,& he conc5trat$ ?is hundr$  
into six4 ,he model$ !m  ea* by himself 
9 h]oic size to repres5t ! greatness (  
_!  resolution1 model$ !m nude 9 !      
appeal ( _! %iv]+ bodies4    ,he creat$ 
! old man ) loose-jo9t$ hang+ arms &    
heavy  dragg+ /ep1 & gave him ! worn-out
 walk ( old m5 & an  expression (       
we>9ess t fl[s ov] 8 face into ! be>d4  
,he creat$ ! man t c>ries ! key1 ! man  
:o w\ld h liv$  = _m ye>s to come1 b ^: 
life is cond5s$ into ?is sudd5  la/ h\r 
:i* he c h>dly be>4 ,8 lips are tightly 
press$  toge!r1 8 h&s bite into ! key4  
,!re is fire 9 8 /r5g?  & x burns 9 8   
defiant be>+4    ,he creat$ ! man :o    
holds 8 b5t head ) bo? h&s to compose   
himself1 to be once m alone4    ,he     
creat$ ! two bro!rs1 "o ( :om looks     
backw>d :ile ! o!r  b5ds 8 head ) a     
movem5t ( resolution & submission z ?\gh
  he (f]$ x to ! execution]4    ,he     
creat$ ! man ) ! vague ge/ure :om       
,gu/ave ,geffroy has  call$ ,le         

,passant4 ,?is man moves =w>d1 b he     
turns back once  m1 n to ! city1 n to ^?
 :o are weep+1 & n to ^?  :o g ) him3 he
 turns back to himself4 ,8 "r arm is    
rais$1  b5t1 vacillat+4 ,8 h&s op5 9 !  
air z ?\gh to let some?+  g1 z "o gives 
fre$om to a bird4 ,?is ge/ure is        
symbolic ( a  dep>ture f all unc]ta9ty1 
f a happ9ess t has n yet  be51 f a grief
 t w n[ wait 9 va91 f m5 :o live        
some:]e & :om he might h met "s "t1 f   
all possibilities  ( to-morr[ & ! day   
aft] to-morr[2 & f ,dea? :i* he _h      
?\ght f> di/ant1 t he _h imag9$ w\ld    
come mildly & s(tly  & at ! end ( a     
long1 long "t4    ,?is figure1 if plac$ 
by itself 9 a dim1 old g>d51 w\ld be a  
monum5t = all :o h di$ "y4    ,?us ,rod9
 has made ea* ( ^! m5 live aga9 ! la/   
conc5trat$  mom5t ( life4 ,ea* figure is
 maje/ic 9 its simple greatness4 ,!y    
br+ to m9d ,donatello &1 p]haps1 ,claux 
,slut] & 8 prophets 9  ! ,*>treuse (    
,dijon4    ,x seems at fir/ z ?\gh ,rod9
 _h done no?+ m ?an ga!r  !m toge!r4 ,he

 has giv5 !m ! same attire1 ! %irt & !  
rope1 & has plac$ !m toge!r 9 two r[s3 !
 ?ree t are  9 ! fir/ r[1 are ab\t to   
/>t =w>d1 ! o!r ?ree turn  to ! "r &    
foll[ beh9d4 ,! place t 0 decid$ ^u =  !
 erection ( ! monum5t 0 ! m>ket place ( 
,calais1 ! same  spot f :i* ! tragic    
procession _h =m]ly />t$4 ,!re !  sil5t 
gr\p 0 to /&1 rais$ by a l[ /ep above ! 
common life  ( ! m>ket place z ?\gh !   
fe>ful dep>ture 7 always p5d+4    ,!    
,city ( ,calais refus$ to accept a l[   
p$e/al because x 0  contr>y to cu/om4   
,rod9 !n sugge/$ t a squ>e t[]1 two     
/ories high & ) simply-cut walls1 be    
built ne> ! ocean &  !re ! six citiz5s  
%\ld be plac$1 surr\nd$ by ! solitude  (
 ! w9d & ! sky4 ,?is plan1 z might h be5
 expect$1 0  decl9$1 al?\gh x 0 9 h>mony
 ) ! "* ( ! "w4  ,if ! trial _h be5     
made1 !re w\ld h be5 an incomp>able     
opportunity = obs]v+ ! unity ( ! gr\p1  
:i*1 al?\gh x  consi/$ ( s+le figures1  
held closely toge!r z a :ole4 ,!        
figures d n t\* "o ano!r1 b /& side by  

side l ! la/  trees ( a hewn-d[n =e/    
unit$ only by ! surr\nd+ atmosph]e4  ,f 
e po9t ( view ! ge/ures /& out cle> &   
great f  ! da%+ waves ( ! cont\rs2 !y   
rise & fall back into !  mass ( /one l  
flags t are furl$4 ,! entire impression 
(  ?is gr\p is precise & cle>4 ,l all ( 
,rod9's compositions1  ?is "o1 too1     
appe>s to be a pulsat+ _w enclos$ )9 its
  own b\nd>ies4 ,beside ! po9ts ( actual
 contact !re is a k9d  ( contact produc$
 by ! surr\nd+ atmosph]e :i* dim9i%es1  
influ5ces & *anges ! "* ( ! gr\p4       
,contact may exi/  betwe5 objects f>    
di/ant f "o ano!r1 l ! conflux ( =ms    
su* z "o sees sometimes 9 masses (      
cl\ds1 :]e ! int]jac5t  air is no       
sep>at+ abyss1 b r a transition1 a      
s(tly-graduat$  conjunction4    ,to     
,rod9 ! p>ticipation ( ! atmosph]e 9 !  
composition has  always be5 ( greate/   
importance4 ,he has adapt$ all 8        
figures1  surface aft] surface1 to _!   
p>ticul> space & environm5t2 ?is  gives 
!m ! greatness & indep5d5ce1 ! m>vel\s  

complet5ess  & life :i* di/+ui%es !m f  
all o!r works4 ,:5  int]pret+ nature he 
f\nd1 z he int5sifi$ an expression1 t1  
at ! same "t1 he enhanc$ ! relation%ip (
 ! atmosph]e to  8 "w to su* a degree t 
! surr\nd+ air seem$ to give m  life1 m 
passion1 z x 71 to ! embrac$ surfaces4  
,a simil>  effect may be obs]v$ 9 "s ( !
 animals on ! ca!drals to  :i* ! air    
relates itself 9 /range fa%ion2 x seems 
to become  calm or /orm accord+ to :e!r 
x sweeps ov] emphasiz$ or level         
surfaces4 ,:5 ,rod9 conc5trates !       
surfaces ( 8 works into  culm9at+ po9ts1
 :5 he uplifts to great] height ! exalt$
 or  gives m dep? to a cavity1 he       
creates an effect l t :i*  atmosph]e    
produces on monum5ts t h be5 expos$ to x
 =  c5turies4 ,! atmosph]e has trac$    
deep] l9es ^u ^! monum5ts1  has %ad[$ !m
 ) veils ( du/1 has season$ !m ) ra9 &  
fro/1 ) sun & /orm1 & has ?us end[$ !m )
 endurance s  t !y may rema9 imp]i%able 
?r\gh _m sl[ly-pass+ dusks &  dawn4     
,?is effect ( atmosph]e1 :i* is !       

monum5tal pr9ciple (  ,rod9's art1 is   
wond]fully a*iev$ 9 ,! ,citiz5s (       
,calais4  ,^! sculptural =ms se5 f a    
di/ance are n only surr\nd$ by  !       
imm$iate atmosph]e1 b by ! :ole sky2 !y 
cat* on _!  surfaces z ) a mirror its   
mov+ di/ances s t a great ge/ure  seems 
to live & to =ce space to p>ticipate 9  
its movem5t4    ,?is impression is      
convey$ also by ! figure ( ! sl5d] y\?  
:o  kneels ) out/ret*$1 implor+ arms4   
,rod9 has call$ ?is figure  ,! ,prodigal
 ,son1 b x has rec5tly receiv$ ! "n--f  
:om  or f :5ce no "o kn[s--( ,prire4 ,! 
ge/ure ( ?is figure  raises x ev5 beyond
 ?is "n4 ,?is is no son kneel+ be=e 8   
fa!r4 ,a ,god is necess>y to him :o ?us 
implores & 9 him are all  :o ne$ ?is    
,god4 ,?is ,pray] 9 /one rea*es out to  
su* di/ance  t ! figure seems to be     
)drawn into a great isolation4    ,su*1 
too1 is ! ,balzac to :om ,rod9 has giv5 
a greatness :i*1  p]haps1 ov]t[]s !     
figure ( ! writ]4 ,rod9 has seiz$ ^u !  
ess5ce ( ,balzac's be+1 has n conf9$    

himself to ! limitations  ( 8           
p]sonality1 b has gone beyond into 8 mo/
 extreme &  di/ant possibilities4 ,^!   
mighty cont\rs might h be5 =m$ 9  !     
tomb/ones ( by-gone nations4    ,= ye>s 
,rod9 0 entirely absorb$ 9 ?is figure4  
,he visit$  ,balzac's home1 he w5t to ! 
l&scapes ( ! ,t\ra9e t rise  cont9ually 
9 ,balzac's books2 he read 8 lett]s1 he 
/udi$ !  portraits ( ,balzac & he read 8
 works aga9 & aga94 ,on all  ! intricate
 & int]tw9+ roads ( ^! works he 0 met by
  ! p ( ,balzac1 :ole families &        
g5]ations1 a _w t  /ill seem$ to receive
 life f its creator4 ,rod9 saw t all  ^!
 ?\s&s ( p1 no matt] :at _! occupation  
or _!  life1 conta9$ him :o _h creat$   
!m4 ,z "o may p]ceive !  "* & ! mood ( a
 play ?r\gh ! faces ( an audi5ce1  s he 
s\ght 9 all ^! faces him :o /ill liv$ 9 
!m4 ,he  believ$ l ,balzac 9 ! reality (
 8 _w & he became =  a "t a "p ( x4 ,he 
liv$ z ?\gh ,balzac _h creat$ him also1 
& he dwelt unnotic$ among ! multitude ( 
8 p4 ,?us he  ga!r$ 8 impressions4 ,!   

actual _w appe>$ at ?is "t  vague &     
unimportant4 ,! dagu]reotypes ( ,balzac 
(f]$ only  g5]al sugge/ions & no?+ new4 
,! face :i* !y repres5t$  0 ! "o he _h  
kn[n f boyhood days4 ,! "o t _h be5  9 !
 possession ( ,/phan ,mall>m1 :i* %[$   
,balzac )\t  coat & susp5d]s1 0 ! only  
"o :i* 0 m *>act]i/ic4  ,rem9isc5ces (  
contempor>ies help$ him2 ! words (      
,?ophile  ,gauti]1 ! notes ( !          
,gonc\rts1 & ! beautiful essay by       
,lam>t9e4 ,beside ^! p5 portraits !re 0 
only ! bu/ by ,david  9 ! ,comdie       
,franaise & a small picture by ,l\is    
,b\lang]4  ,completely fill$ ) ! _s (   
,balzac1 ,rod91 ) ! aid (  ^!           
auxili>ies1 began to model ! figure ( ! 
writ]4 ,he us$  liv+ models ( simil>    
proportions & complet$ sev5 p]fectly    
execut$ portraits 9 diff]5t positions4  
,! models 7 ?ick-set1  m$ium-siz$ m5 )  
heavy limbs & %ort arms4 ,aft] ^! /udies
  he creat$ a ,balzac mu* l ! "o 9      
,nad>'s dagu]reotype4 ,b he  felt ?is 0 
n f9al4 ,he return$ to ! description (  

,lam>t9e1  to ! l9es3 ,he _h ! face ( an
 elem5t1 & he possess$ s  mu* s\l t 8   
heavy body seem$ n to exi/4 ,rod9 felt t
 a  great "p ( 8 task 0 sugge/$ 9 ^!    
s5t5ces4 ,he approa*$  ne>] its solution
 by do?+ ! sev5 figures ) monk's c[ls1 !
  k9d ( g>m5t t ,balzac 0 wont to we>   
:ile at "w4 ,he creat$  a ,balzac ) a   
hood1 a g>b mu* too intimate1 ! figure  
mu* too  retir$ into ! /illness ( its   
disguise4    ,rod9 sl[ly develop$ =m    
aft] =m4 ,at la/ he saw ,balzac4 ,he saw
  a mighty1 /rid+ figure t lo/ all its  
heav9ess 9 ! fall (  its ample cloak4 ,!
 hair brisd$ f ! nape ( ! p[]ful neck4  
,& backw>d aga9/ ! ?ick locks lean$ !   
face ( a vision>y 9  ! intoxication ( 8 
dream1 a face fla%+ ) creative =ce3 !   
face ( an elem5t4 ,?is 0 ,balzac 9 !    
fulness ( 8 productivity1  ! f\nd] (    
g5]ations1 ! wa/] ( fates4 ,?is 0 ! man 
^: eyes 7 ^? ( a se]1 ^: visions w\ld h 
fill$ !  _w _h x be5 empty4 ,?is 0 !    
,balzac t ,creation itself _h  =m$ to   
manife/ itself & :o 0 ,creation's       

boa/fulness1 vanity1  ec/asy &          
intoxication4 ,! ?r[n-back head cr[n$ ! 
summit (  ?is figure z lightly z a ball 
is upheld by ! spray ( a f\nta94  ,!re 0
 no s5se ( weight1 b a magnific5t       
vitality 9 ! free1  /rong head4    ,rod9
 _h se5 9 a mom5t ( l>ge compreh5sion & 
tragic  exagg]ation 8 ,balzac & ?us he  
creat$ him4 ,! vision did n  fade1 x    
only *ang$4    ,! compreh5siv5ess :i*   
gave bread? to ,rod9's monum5tal works  
gave to ! o!rs also a new beauty2 x gave
 !m a peculi> ne>ness4  ,!re are among !
 m rec5t works small gr\ps t are /rik+  
because ( _! conc5tration & ! wond]ful  
treatm5t ( !  m>ble4 ,! /ones pres]ve1  
ev5 9 ! mid/ ( ! day1 t  my/]i\s %imm]  
:i* :ite ?+s exhale 9 ! twilight4 ,?is  
radiance is n ! result ( ! vibrant      
quality ( ! po9ts (  contact alone1 b is
 due 9 "p to ! flat ribb&s ( /one t  lie
 betwe5 ! figures l small bridges :i*   
connect "o =m  ) ! o!r ov] ! deepe/     
clefts 9 ! model+4 ,^! ribb&  fill+s are
 n incid5tal1 b are plac$ !re to prev5t 

too %>p  an outl9e4 ,!y pres]ve 9 ! =ms 
t o!rwise w\ld appe> too  cle> cut an   
effect ( r\ndness2 !y ga!r ! light l    
vases  t g5tly & cont9u\sly ov]fl[4 ,:5 
,rod9 seeks to cond5se  ! atmosph]e ab\t
 ! surfaces ( 8 works1 ! /one appe>s to 
almo/ dissolve 9 ! air1 ! m>ble is !    
compact1 fruitful k]nel1  & its la/     
s(te/ cont\r ! vibrat+ air4 ,! light    
t\*+  ! m>ble loses its w1 x does n     
p5etrate into ! /one1 b  ne/les close1  
l+]s1 dwells 9 ! /one4    ,?is clos+ up 
( uness5tial clefts is an approa* to !  
relief4  ,rod9 plann$ a great "w 9      
relief 9 :i* !re 7 to be effects  (     
light su* z he a*iev$ 9 ! small] gr\ps4 
,he con/ruct$  a column ab\t :i* a broad
 ribb& ( relief w9ds upw>d4 ,?is        
encircl+ ribb& conceals a /aircase :i*  
asc5ds "u ar*$  vault+s4 ,! figures 9   
?is asc5d+ relief are model$ & plac$  s 
z to receive an effect ( life & vibrance
 f ! atmosph]e &  light+4    ,a pla/ic  
art w "s "t rise :i* w disclose ! secret
  ( twilight z x is relat$ to ^?        

sculptures t /& 9 !  ve/ibules ( old    
ca!drals4    ,?is ,monum5t ( ,"w        
repres5ts a hi/ory ( "w :i* develops  ^u
 ^! sl[ly ris+ reliefs4 ,! long l9e     
beg9s 9 a l[]  *amb] or crypt ) !       
figures ( ^? :o h gr[n old 9 m9es4  ,!  
procession traces its /eps ?r\gh all !  
phases ( "w1 f  ^? :o "w 9 ! ro> & r$   
gl[ ( furnaces to ^? :o "w  9 sil5ce 9 !
 light ( a great idea3 f ! hamm]s to !  
bra9s4 ,two figures gu>d ! entrance1    
,day & ,night1 & ^u !  summit ( ?is t[] 
/& two w+$ =ms to symbolize ! ,bless+s  
desc5d+ f ! lum9\s heights4 ,rod9 did n 
conceive "w z a  monum5tal figure or a  
great ge/ure2 = "w is some?+ ne>1 x     
takes place 9 ! %ops1 9 ! rooms1 9 !    
heads1 9 ! d>k4    ,he kn[s1 = he1 too1 
work$2 he work$ incessantly2 8 life     
pass$  l a s+le work+ day4    ,rod9 _h  
sev]al /udios1 "s t are well-kn[n 9 :i* 
visitors  & lett]s f\nd him4 ,!re 7 o!rs
 9 out-(-!-way1 seclud$  places ( :i* no
 "o knew4 ,^! rooms 7 l cells1 b>e1 poor
  & grey ) du/1 b _! pov]ty 0 l ! great1

 grey pov]ty  ( ,god out ( :i* trees bud
 9 ,m>*4 ,some?+ ( ! ,spr+ 0 9  ea* ( ^!
 rooms1 a sil5t promise & a deep        
s]i\sness4    ,9 "o ( ^! /udios ,! ,t[] 
( ,"w has ris54 ,n[ t x is  accompli%$1 
x is "t to speak ( its significance4 ,"s
 "t aft]  ?is monum5t has be5 erect$ x w
 be recogniz$ t ,rod9 will$  no?+ t 0   
beyond 8 art4 ,! body ( "w "h manife/s  
itself  z did =m]ly ! body ( love3--x is
 a new revelation ( life4  ,?is creator 
liv$ s completely 9 8 conceptions1 s    
entirely 9  ! dep?s ( 8 "w1 t           
inspiration or revelation came to him   
only  ?r\gh ! m$ium ( 8 art4 ,new life 9
 ! ultimate s5se meant to  him1 new     
surfaces1 new ge/ures4 ,?us to him !    
mean+ ( life became  simple1 he c\ld err
 no m4    ,) 8 own developm5t ,rod9 has 
giv5 an impetus to all ! arts  9 ?is    
confus$ age4 ,"s "t x w be realiz$ :at  
has made  ?is great arti/ s supreme4 ,he
 0 a work] ^: only desire  0 to p5etrate
 ) all 8 =ces into ! humble & difficult 
significance ( 8 tools4 ,!re9 lay a     

c]ta9 r5unciation ( ,life1  b 9 j ?is   
r5unciation lay 8 triumph1 = ,life ent]$
 into  8 "w4