,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,my ,,m9d ,h[ ,i ,became a ,rationali/ ,by ,m4 ,m4 ,mangas>ian #aiji ,,d$ication ,to ,my ,*ildr5 ,my ,de> ,*ildr53-- ,y h (t5 reque/$ me to tell y h[1 hav+ be5 br\ght up by my p>5ts z a ,calv9i/1 ,i came to be a ,rationali/4 ,i propose n[ to answ] t "q 9 a m connect$ & compreh5sive way ?an ,i h ev] done be=e4 ,"o reason = wait+ until n[ 01 t y 7 n old en\gh be=e1 to appreciate fully ! m5tal /ruggle :i* culm9at$ 9 my resignation f ! ,spr+ ,g>d5 ,presbyt]ian *ur* ( ,philadelpha1 9 :i*1 my de> ,zabelle1 y receiv$ y\r baptism at ! "t ,i 0 its pa/or4 ,y\r bro!r1 ,arm&1 & y\r si/]1 ,*ri/9e1 7 born aft] ,i _h )drawn f ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*1 & !y h !re=e n be5 baptis$4 ,b y are1 all ?ree ( y1 n[ suffici5tly advanc$ 9 ye>s1 & 9 tra9+1 to be int]e/$ 91 & ,i tru/ also1 to be b5efit$ by1 ! /ory ( my religi\s evolution4 ,i am go+ to put ! /ory 9 writ+ t y may h x ) y :5 ,i am gone1 to rem9d y ( ! aims & int]e/s = :i* ,i liv$1 z well z to acqua9t y ) ! mo/ e>ne/ & intimate p]iod 9 my c>e] z a tea*] ( m54 ,if y %\ld ev] become p>5ts y\rselves1 & y\r *ildr5 %\ld feel incl9$ to l5d _! support to dogma1 ,i hope y w prevail ^u !m1 fir/ to read ! /ory ( _! gr&-fa!r1 :o f\ght 8 way out ( ! camp ( or?odoxy by grappl+ ) ea* dogma1 h& to h& & brea/ to brea/4 ,i h no fe> t y y\rselves w ev] be drawn into ! me%es ( or?odoxy1 :i* co/ me my y\? & ! be/ ye>s ( my life to break ?r\gh1 or t y w p]mit motives ( self-int]e/ to e/range y f ! ,cause ( ,rationalism ) :i* my life has be5 s closely id5tifi$4 ,my assurance ( y\r loyalty to fre$om ( ?\ght 9 religion is n bas$1 nor d ,i desire x to be bas$1 on consid]ations ( respect or affection :i* y may ent]ta9 = me z y\r fa!r1 b on y\r ability & will+ness to v]ify a proposition be=e ass5t+ to x4 ,d n believe me because ,i am y\r p>5t1 b believe :at y h y\rselves1 by consci5ti\s & e>ne/ endeavor1 f\nd to be wor?y ( belief4 ,x w nev] be said ( y1 t y h inh]it$ y\r op9ions f me1 or borr[$ !m f y\r neighbors1 if y c give a reason = ! fai? t is 9 y4 ,i wi% y also to "k t dur+ ^? ye>s ( /orm & /ress1 :5 ev]y?+ seem$ s disc\rag+1 & :5 my resignation f ! *ur* _h left u expos$ to _m privations1--)\t money & )\t help1 y\r "m's sympa?y ) me 9 my combat ) ! *ur*--a lone man1 & a m]e y\?1 battl+ ) ! mo/ p[]fully intr5*$ in/itution 9 all ! _w1 0 m ?an my daily bread to me dur+ ! pa9 & travail ( my second bir?4 ,my spirits1 (t5 depress$ f %e] we>9ess1 7 nurs$ to new life & ardor by h] pati5ce & sympa?y4 ,"o ^w m3 ,no?+ w give y\r p>5ts great] satisfaction ?an to see 9 y1 increas+ ) ! increase ( ye>s1 a love = ^? ideals :i* in/ead ( dragg+ ! _w backw>d1 or arre/+ its progress1 urge man's se>* to nobl] issues4 ,co-op]ate ) ! light4 ,be on ! side ( ! dawn4 ,x is n en\gh to pr(ess ,rationalism--make x y\r religion4 ,devot$ly1 ,m4 ,m4 ,mangas>ian4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,9 ! ,cradle ( ,*ri/ianity ,i 0 a ,*ri/ian because ,i 0 born "o4 ,my p>5ts 7 ,*ri/ians = ! same reason4 ,x _h nev] occurr$ to me1 any m ?an x _h to my p>5ts1 to ask = any o!r reason = pr(ess+ ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,nev] 9 ! lea/ did ,i ent]ta9 ev5 ! mo/ remote suspicion t be+ born 9 a religion 0 n en\gh1 ei!r to make ! religion true1 or to ju/ify my adh]5ce to x4 ,my p>5ts 7 memb]s ( ! ,congregational *ur*1 & :5 ,i 0 only a few weeks old1 !y br\ght me1 z ,i h (t5 be5 told by ^? :o witness$ ! c]emony1 to ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,ri*>dson1 to be baptiz$ & pres5t$ to ! ,"l4 ,x 0 ! v[ ( my "m1 if %e ev] _h a son1 to d$icate him to ! s]vice ( ,god4 ,z ,i advanc$ 9 ye>s1 ! "o ?\ght con/antly in/ill$ into my m9d 0 t ,i did n belong to myself b to ,god4 ,e attempt 0 made to wean me f ! _w1 & to suppress 9 me ^? hopes & ambitions :i* might lead me to *oose "s o!r c>e] ?an t ( ! m9i/ry4 ,?is con/ant surveillance ov] me1 & ! artificial sanctity associat$ ) ! life ( "o set ap>t = ,god1 0 injuri\s to me 9 _m ways4 ,among o!r ?+s x robb$ me ( my *ildhood4 ,in/ead ( play+1 ,i began v e>ly to pray4 ,god1 ,*ri/1 ,bible1 & ! dogmas ( ! fai? monopoliz$ my att5tion1 & left me nei!r ! leisure nor ! desire = ! ?+s t make *ildhood joy\s4 ,at ! age ( eight ye>s ,i 0 invit$ to lead ! congregation 9 pray]1 9 *ur*1 & c\ld recite _m p>ts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t by he>t4 ,"o ( my favorite pa/imes 0 to play *ur*4 ,i w\ld arrange ! *airs z ,i _h se5 !m arrang$ at *ur*1 !n m\nt+ on "o ( ! *airs1 ,i w\ld improvise a s]mon & foll[ x ) an unctu\s pray]4 ,all ?is pleas$ my "m v mu*1 & l$ h] to believe t ,god _h condesc5d$ to accept h] (f]+4 ,my de> "m is /ill liv+1 & is /ill a dev\t memb] ( ! ,congregational *ur*4 ,i h n conceal$ my ,rationalism f h]1 nor h ,i tri$ to make light ( ! *ange :i* has sep>at$ u radically 9 ! matt] ( religion4 ,ne$less to say t my )drawal f ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry1 & ! ,*ri/ian religion1 0 a pa9ful disappo9tm5t to h]4 ,b l all lov+ mo!rs1 %e hopes & prays t ,i may return to ! fai? %e /ill holds1 & 9 :i* ,i 0 baptiz$4 ,x is only natural t %e %\ld d s4 ,at h] age ( life1 beliefs h become s cry/alliz$ t !y c n yield to new impressions4 ,:5 my "m _h convictions ,i 0 b a *ild1 & !re=e ,i 0 l clay 9 h] h&s1 b n[ t ,i c ?9k = myself my "m is too advanc$ 9 ye>s = me to try to influ5ce h]4 ,%e 0 m successful ) me ?an ,i %all ev] be ) h]4 ,t my "m _h a great influ5ce ^u me1 all my e>ly life atte/s4 ,z soon z ,i 0 old en\gh ,i 0 s5t to college ) a view ( prep>+ myself = ! m9i/ry4 ,hav+ f9i%$ college ,i w5t to ! ,pr9ceton ,!ological ,sem9>y1 :]e ,i receiv$ in/ruction f su* em95t !ologians z ,drs4 ,a4 ,a4 ,hodge1 ,william ,h4 ,gre51 & ,pr(4 ,francis ,l4 ,patton4 ,at ! age ( tw5ty-?ree1 ,i became pa/or ( ! ,spr+ ,g>d5 ,presbyt]ian *ur* ( ,philadelphia4 ,x 0 ! read+ ( ,em]son & ,!odore ,p>k] :i* gave me my fir/ glimpse ( ?+s beyond ! cre$ ,i 0 educat$ 94 ,i 0 at ?is "t ob/9ately or?odox1 &1 h5ce1 to free my m9d f ! ,calv9i/ic tea*+ :i* ,i _h imbib$ ) my "m's milk1 0 a mo/ pa9ful op]ation4 ,aga9 & aga91 dur+ ! p]iod ( d\bt1 ,i return$ to ! bosom ( my e>ly fai?1 j z ! leg5d>y dove1 sc>$ by ! wa/e ( wat]s1 return$ to ! ark4 ,to dislodge ! %ot fir$ into a wall is n ne>ly s difficult an op]ation z to te> "o's self =ev] f ! e>ly beliefs :i* cl+ clos] to ! s\l ?an ! sk9 does to ! bones4 ,:ile x 0 ! read+ ( a new set ( books :i* fir/ op5$ my eyes1 ^! w\ld h left no impression ^u my m9d _h n c]ta9 ev5ts 9 my own life1 :i* ,i 0 unable to reconcile ) ! belief 9 a ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 creat$ 9 me a pr$isposition to inquire into ! f\ndations ( my ,fai?4 ,an ev5t1 :i* happ5$ :5 ,i 0 only a boy1 gave me _m anxi\s ?\ghts ab\t ! tru? ( ! beliefs my de> "m _h s eloqu5tly in/ill$ into me4 ,! "o ?\ght ,i 0 imbu$ ) f my y\? 0 t ! t5d] m]cies ( ,god are ov] all 8 *ildr51 ,i believ$ myself to be a *ild ( ,god1 & c\nt$ confid5tly ^u 8 special provid5ce4 ,b :5 ! opportunity came = provid5ce to %[ 8 int]e/ 9 me1 ,i 0 =sak51 & _h to look else:]e = help4 ,my fir/ disappo9tm5t 0 a sev]e %ock4 ,i got ov] x at ! "t1 b :5 ,i came to read ,rationali/ic books1 ! full mean+ ( t e>ly exp]i5ce1 :i* ,i w n[ briefly relate1 dawn$ ^u me1 & help$ to make my m9d good soil = ! new ideas4 ,9 #ahgg ,i 0 travel+ 9 ,asia ,m9or1 go+ f ! ,euphrates to ! ,bosphorus1 accompani$ by ! driv] ( my horses1 "o ( :i* ,i rode1 ! o!r c>ry+ my luggage4 ,we _h n proce$$ v f> :5 we 7 ov]tak5 by a "y travel] on foot1 :o1 = reasons ( safety1 begg$ to jo9 our little p>ty4 ,he 0 a ,mohamm$an1 :ile my driv] & ,i pr(ess$ ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,= ?ree days we travel$ toge!r1 go+ at a rapid pace 9 ord] to ov]take ! c>avan4 ,x ne$ h>dly be said t 9 t "p ( ! _w x is consid]$ unsafe to travel ev5 ) a c>avan1 b1 to g on a long j\rney1 z we 7 do+1 all by ourselves1 0 c]ta9ly tak+ a great risk4 ,we 7 arm$ ) only a rifle--"o ( ^? fl9t fire-arms :i* frequ5tly refus$ to g (f4 ,i =got to say t my driv] _h also hang+ f 8 girdle a long & crook$ knife %ea!d 9 a black canvas scabb>d4 ,bo? ! driv]1 :o 0 a ,*ri/ian1 & ! ,mohamm$an1 :o _h plac$ himself "u our protection1 71 ,i am sorry to say1 mu* giv5 to boa/+4 ,!y w\ld tell h[1 on v>i\s occasions1 !y _h1 s+le-h&$1 driv5 away ! ,kurdi% brig&s1 :o outnumb]$ !m1 t5 to "o2 h[ t ru/y knife _h disemb[el$ "o ( ! mo/ r5[n$ ,kurdi% *iefs1 & h[ ! sil5t & meek-look+ fl9t-gun _h held at bay a pack ( ^? curs :o g ab\t sc5t+ = human fle%4 ,all ?is 0 reassur+ to me--a lad ( sev5te51 & ,i began to ?9k t ,i 0 indebt$ to ,provid5ce = my brave escort4 ,on ! morn+ ( ! #ah? ( ,febru>y1 #ahgg1 we rea*$ ! valley said to be a v]itable d5 ( ?ieves1 :]e _m a travel] _h lo/ 8 life z well z 8 goods4 ,a great fe> fell ^u u :5 we saw on ! wood5 bridge :i* spann$ ! riv] at ! base ( ! hills1 two ,kurds rid+ 9 our direction4 ,i 0 at once disillusion$ z to ! boa/$ brav]y ( my comrades1 & felt t x 0 all braggadocio ) :i* !y _h be5 regal+ me4 ,z ,i 0 ! "o suppos$ to h money1 ,i w\ld naturally be ! *ief object ( attack1 :i* made my position ! m p]il\s4 ,b ?is sudd5 fe> :i* seem$ to p>alyze me at fir/1 0 foll[$ by a brac+ resolve to cope ) ^! devils m5tally4 ,z ,i look back n[ ^u ! ev5ts ( t day1 ,i am puzzl$ to "k h[ ,i got ?r\gh x all )\t any s]i\s h>m to my p]son4 ,i 0 surpris$ also t ,i1 :o _h be5 br\ght up to pray & to tru/ 9 div9e help1 =got 9 ! h\r ( real p]il1 all ab\t o!r help & b5t all my en]gies ^u help+ myself4 ,b :y did ,i n pray8 ,:y did ,i n fall ^u my knees to commit myself to ,god's keep+8 ,p]haps x 0 because ,i 0 too mu* pre-occupi$--too mu* 9 e>ne/ to take ! "t to pray4 ,p]haps my bett] in/9cts w\ld n let me take refuge 9 words :5 some?+ /rong] 0 want$4 ,we may ask ! good ,"l n to burn our h\se1 b :5 ! h\se is actually on fire1 wat] is bett] ?an pray]4 ,p]haps1 aga91 ,i did n pray because ( an in/9ctive feel+ t ?is 0 a case ( self-help or no help at all4 ,p]haps1 aga91 !re 0 a feel+ 9 me1 t if all ! pray]s my "m & ,i _h (f]$ did n save me f fall+ into ! h&s ( ?ieves nei!r w\ld any new pray] t ,i might (f] be ( any help4 ,b ! fact is t 9 ! h\r ( positive & imm95t p]il--:5 face to face ) dea?--,i 0 too busy to pray4 ,my "m1 be=e ,i />t$ on ?is j\rney1 _h made a bag = my valuables--wat* & *a91 etc4--& sew$ x on my und]flannels1 next to my body4 ,b my money 7all 9 gold co9s7 0 9 a snuff-box1 & t aga9 9 a long silk purse4 ,i 01 ( c\rse1 ! bett] dress$ ( ! ?ree--) long boots :i* rea*$ high] ?an my knees1 a w>m ,engli% broadclo? cloak rea*+ d[n to my ankles1 & an ,angora coll>ette1 s(t & sn[ :ite1 ab\t my neck4 ,i rode ahead1 & ! o!rs1 ) ! baggage horse1 foll[$ me4 ,:5 ! two ,kurdi% rid]s :o 7 advanc+ 9 our direction rea*$ me1 !y salut$ me v politely1 say+1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! c\ntry1 ,god be ) y1 to :i* ,i timidly return$ ! cu/om>y answ]1 ,we are all 9 8 keep+4 ,at ! "t x did n occur to me h[ absurd x 0 = bo? travel]s & robb]s to recomm5d ea* o!r to ,god :ile c>ry+ fire-arms--! ones = attack1 ! o!rs = def5se4 ,( c\rse n[ ,i c see1 ?\gh ,i c\ld n at ! "t ,i am speak+ (1 t ,god nev] int]f]$ to save an un>m$ travel] f brig&s--,i say nev]1 = if he ev] did1 & c\ld1 he w\ld d x always4 ,b z we "k1 alas1 too well1 t hundr$s & ?\s&s h be5 robb$ & cut to pieces by ^! ,kurds1 x w\ld be reasonable to inf] t ,god is indiff]5t4 ,( c\rse1 ! /rongly-arm$ travel]s1 z a rule1 escape1 ?anks to _! own c\rage & fire>ms4 ,=1 we ask aga91 if ! ,"l c save "o1 :y n all8 ,& if he c save all1 b w n1 does he n become z dang]\s z ! robb]s8 ,b really if ,god c\ld d any?+ 9 ! matt]1 ,he w\ld re=m ! ,kurds out ( ! l&1 or--out ( ! ?iev+ bus9ess4 ,if ,god is ! unfail+ police =ce 9 ,*ri/ian1 l&s1 he is n t 9 ,mohamm$an c\ntries1 at any rate4 ,z ! two m\nt$ ,kurds pass$ by me1 !y scann$ me v closely--my co/ume1 boots1 furs1 cap & s on4 ,!n ,i he>d !m mak+ inquiries ( my driv] ab\t me--:o ,i 01 :]e ,i 0 go+1 & :y ,i 0 go+ at all4 ,my driv] answ]$ ^!1 inquiries z hone/ly z ! circum/ances p]mitt$4 ,wi%+ u all aga9 ! protection ( ,allah1 ! ,kurds spurr$ _! horses & gallop$ away4 ,= a mom5t we began to brea! freely--b only = a mom5t1 = z our horses rea*$ ! bridge we saw t ! ,kurds _h turn$ ar\nd & 7 n[ foll[+ u4 ,& be=e we rea*$ ! middle ( ! bridge ov] ! riv]1 "o ( ! ,kurds gallop+ up close to me laid 8 h& on my %\ld]s &1 unc]emoni\sly1 pull$ me out ( my saddle4 ,at ! same "t he dism\nt$ himself1 :ile 8 p>tn] rema9$ on horseback ) 8 gun po9t$ squ>ely 9 my-face1 & ?reat5+ to kill me if ,i did n give him my money imm$iately4 ,i c nev] =get 8 savage gr9 :5 at la/ he f\nd my purse1 & grabb+ x1 ) ano!r oa?1 pull$ x out ( its hid+ place4 ,i h already describ$ t my co9s 7 all 9 a little box hid away 9 my purse1 h5ce1 z soon z ! robb] _h loos5$ ! /r+s he took out ! box1 held x 9 8 left h&1 :ile ) 8 "r he kept se>*+ 9 ! inn] folds ( my long purse4 ,:ile he 0 runn+ 8 f+]s ?r\gh ! tortu\s purse1 ,i slipp$ m9e into 8 left h&1 &1 tak+ hold ( ! box1 ,i empti$ its cont5ts into my pocket 9 ! tw9kl+ ( an eye & h&$ x back to ! robb]4 ,! ,kurd inc5s$ at f9d+ no?+ 9 ! purse :i* he kept %ak+ & f+]+1 snat*$ ! box f my h&1 op5$ x1 & f9d+ x z empty z ! purse1 flung x away ) an oa?4 ,are y ,moslems or ,*ri/ians8 inquir$ "o ( ! ,kurds1 to my companions4 ,we are all ,moslems1 by ,allah1 !y answ]$4 ,9 ,turkey y are n suppos$ to speak ! tru? unless y say1 by ,allah1 :i* means by ,god4 ,( c\rse x 0 n true t ,i 0 a ,mohamm$an4 ,my companions told ! ,kurds a falsehood ab\t me1 to save my life4 ,!re 0 no d\bt ! ,kurds w\ld h kill$ me1 b = ! lie :i* ,i did n correct4 ,:5 ,i rea*$ my de/9ation _m ( my co-religioni/s decl>$ t ,i _h d5i$ ,*ri/ by all[+ ! ,kurds to ?9k t ,i 0 a ,moslem4 ,z ,i feel n[1 my consci5ce does n tr\ble me = help+1 by my sil5ce1 to deceive ! ,kurds ab\t my religion4 ,9 )hold+ ! tru? f ^! w\ld-be assass9s ,i 0 do+ !m no evil1 b protect+ ! mo/ sacr$ rights ( man1 ! ,kurd's includ$4 ,"h 0 an in/ance 9 :i* sil5ce 0 gold54 ,b ,i w\ld n hesitate1 any mom5t1 to mislead a ?ief or a murd]]1 by spee*1 z well z by sil5ce4 ,if x is "r to kill ! murd]] 9 self-def5se1 x is "r to d5y him also ! tru?4 ,b "y z ,i 01 :at al>m$ me at ! "t 0 t we %\ld h be5 l$ into ! temptation ( ly+ to save our lives4 ,:y did a ,heav5ly ,fa!r deliv] u to ! brig&s8 ,& ( :at help 0 ,god to u1 if1 9 real p]il1 we _h to resort to fight+ or falsehood = self-protection8 ,9 :at way w\ld ! _w h be5 worse (f )\t a ,heav5ly ,fa!r8 ,ab\t a mon? aft] ,i arriv$ at my de/9ation1 ,i receiv$ a lett] f my "m1 to :om ! driv]1 ^u 8 return1 _h relat$ my adv5ture ) ! ,kurds4 ,)\t pay+ ! lea/ ?\ght to ! fact t we _h to lie to save our lives1 my "m claim$ t x 0 h] pray]s :i* _h sav$ me f ! brig&s4 ,sancta ,simplicitas6 ,b my hospitality to new t5d5cies did n 9 ! lea/ dim9i% ! angui% & pa9 ( ! sep>ation f ! religion ( my "m4 ,ev5 aft] ,i began to s]i\sly d\bt _m ( ! beliefs ,i _h once accept$ z div9e1 x seem$ impossible to ab&on !m4 ,t5 ?\s& ob/acles block$ my way1 & z _m voices seem$ to caution me aga9/ sail+ =? ^u an unkn[n sea4 ,9 a mode/ way1 ,i 0 l ,columbus1 sep>at$ f ! new _w ,i 0 seek+1 by ! d>k & tempe/u\s wa/e ( wat]s4 ,h[ (t5 my he>t sank )9 me6 ,i 0 almo/ sure ( a bett] & l>g] _w beyond ,calv91 or ,*ri/ ev51 b ! huge sea roll$ betwe5 & /ruck t]ror ^u my m9d4 ,b if !re are difficulties1 !re is a way out ( !m4 ,i am glad t ! difficulties1 great & insurm\ntable z !y seem$ at ! "t1 did n succe$ 9 hold+ me back4 ,betwe5 ,calv9ism & ,rationalism fl[$ ! deep1 d>k sea ( fe>4 ,i h cross$ t sea4 ,beh9d me is !ology ) its my/]ies & dogmas2 be=e me are ! sunny fields ( sci5ce4 ,born 9 ! _w ( ,john ,calv91 baptis$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 & set ap>t = ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry1--,i h become a ,rationali/4 ,! mean+ ( bo? ^! words1 ,calv9i/ & ,rationali/1 w1 ,i hope1 become cle> to all ! read]s ( ?is book4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,calv9i/ & ! ,rationali/ is n t ! "o uses 8 reason1 :ile ! o!r does n4 ,bo? use _! reason4 ,x is by us+ 8 reason t ! ,calv9i/ is n a ,ca?olic1 = in/ance1 or a ,mohamm$an4 ,9 ! same way ! ,ca?olic reasons = 8 *ur* & aga9/ ,calv9ism4 ,to say t ,*ri/ianity1 or ,judaism1 %\ld be accept$ on fai?1 )\t fir/ subject+ its claims to ! /ra9 ( reason1 is also reason+4 ,su* is ! con/itution ( ! m9d1 t ev5 :5 m5 seek to suppress reason1 !y are compell$ to (f] reasons = do+ s4 ,b !re is reason+ & reason+4 ,! ,bu%man has 8 reason = tru/+ 9 8 amulets2 ! civiliz$ man1 81 = tru/+ 9 self-help4 ,j z ! eyes mu/ h light be=e !y c see1 ,reason mu/ h k be=e x c reason truly4 ,b x is possible to possess k & /ill reason badly1 j z a man may be 9 ! light1 & /ill n see--by keep+ 8 eyes %ut4 ,nor does x foll[ t if a man op5s 8 eyes he w see4 ,! eyes obey ! w2 if we d n wi% to see1 we w n see ev5 ) our eyes op54 ,!re are _m educat$ p :o all[ motives ( self-int]e/1 if n to bl9d1 at lea/ to blur _! vision4 ,f9ally1 x is n en\gh to see = ourselves4 ,we mu/ %[ to o!rs :at we see3 ,my object = tell+ ! /ory ( my m9d--h[ x pass$ f ,calv9ism to ,rationalism1--is to help o!rs see :at ,i see4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,e>ly ,/ruggles ,z ,i look back ^u ! p]iod ( m5tal conflict & unc]ta9ty :i* m>k$ ! clos+ ye>s ( my pa/orate 9 ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*1 ,i am com=t$ by ! ?\ght t ,i did n wait until ,i 0 accus$ ( h]esy1 tri$ by an ecclesia/ical c\rt & dismiss$ f ! *ur* be=e ,i sev]$ my connection ) ! ,presbyt]ian d5om9ation4 ,on ! contr>y1 z soon z ,i _h fully p]suad$ myself t ,i 0 no long] a ,presbyt]ian1 ,i1 ( my own accord1 (f]$ my resignation1 aft] /at+ publicly ! reasons :i* _h l$ me to r5\nce ,calv9ism4 ,x 0 n ! *ur* t expell$ me2 x 0 ,i t r5\nc$ ! *ur*4 ,( c\rse1 ev5 !n !re 7 ^?1 :o dem&$ a public trial & my =mal deposition f ! m9i/ry4 ,! ,philadelphia ,presbyt]y met to discuss :e!r ,i %\ld n be summon$ to appe> be=e !m1 to receive _! c5sure4 ,b wis] c\nsel prevail$1 & a s5sational public trial 0 avoid$4 ,! di/rict attorney ( ! city ( ,philadelphia1 ,mr4 ,george ,graham1 himself a /aun* ,presbyt]ian1 expla9$ to ! m9i/]s t my resignation _h depriv$ !m ( all ecclesia/ical jurisdiction ov] me4 ,i _h1 he expla9$1 unlock$ ! door & walk$ out into ! op51 & x 0 too late n[ to talk ( expell+ me4 ,on ! o!r h&1 al?\gh my complete sev]ance f ,calv9ism _h be5 fully ann\nc$1 /ill = _m days & nights my h\se 0 fill$ ) memb]s ( my *ur* urg+ me to rema9 ) !m z _! pa/or1 & to hold on to ! *ur* build+4 ,i am v happy to ?9k t ,i 0 able to resi/ ?is temptation too4 ,_h ,i yield$ to _! entreaties1 or all[$ myself to be sway$ by _! argum5ts1 ,i w\ld h be5 plac$ 9 a position :]e ,i c\ld nei!r be a ,rationali/ nor a ,calv9i/1 b a prea*] ( ambiguities1 contradict+ 9 "o brea? :at ,i _h said 9 ano!r4 ,f su* a c>e] ( duplicity & arre/$ gr[?1 ,i 0 sav$ by a =tunate decision on my "p to give up ,presbyt]ian prop]ty z well z ! ,presbyt]ian cre$4 ,! fir/ ,sunday aft] my resignation1 ,i spoke 9 a hall on ,broad /reet1 9 ,philadelphia4 ,x 0 q a *ange f a h&some *ur* edifice to a secul> hall4 ,i c\ld see t ^? :o foll[$ me out ( ! ,presbyt]ian d5om9ation felt ill at ease1 on a ,sunday morn+ 9 a public hall4 ,b t 0 n ! wor/ %ock 9 /ore = !m4 ,:5 ,i rea*$ ! hall on ,broad /reet x 0 s d5sely pack$ t x seem$ impossible = me to rea* ! plat=m4 ,9 ! meantime1 my tru/ees 7 gett+ anxi\s ab\t my failure to appe> 9 ! pulpit4 ,! audi5ce too 0 %[+ signs ( discom=t 9 ! cr[d$ auditorium4 ,x 0 only by ann\nc+ my "n1 & begg+ ^? :o /ood up 9 r[s at ! entrance1--all ! seats be+ occupi$--to help me rea* ! /age1 t ,i c\ld make any progress ?r\gh ! cr[d4 ,:5 at la/ ,i fac$ ! audi5ce to deliv] my fir/ address f a free plat=m1 ,i ?\ght ( ! advice giv5 me by my tru/ees1 t1 z mu* dep5d$ ^u ! impression ( my fir/ talk1 :i* w\ld 9 all probability be ext5sively report$ 9 ! pap]s1 ,i %\ld take c>e n to g too f>4 ,:at !y meant by n go+ too f>1 0 t ,i %\ld let ! public "k t 9 ! ess5tials ,i 0 z ,*ri/ian z ev]4 ,i d n blame my fri5ds = ?is advice4 ,!y trembl$ = me & = ! organization :i* 0 to be laun*$ = ! fir/ "t on t day4 ,besides1 !y 7 !mselves1 ,presbyt]ians /ill1 at he>t1 & _h no cle> und]/&+ ( ! mean+ ( my r5unciation ( ,calv9ism4 ,s5tim5tally !y 7 ) me1 b by tra9+ & conviction !y 7 /ill = ! cre$ ( _! ance/ors4 ,speak+ frankly1 ,i _h myself agre$ to ! wisdom ( be+ c>eful & cons]vative 9 my op5+ address1 believ+ t radical utt]ances at ?is "t w\ld make me m enemies ?an fri5ds4 ,b :5 ,i began to speak1 9 ! en?usiasm ( ! mom5t1 joy\s ov] ! fir/ ta/e ( fre$om ( spee*1 ,i =got my caution1 & gave my ?\ghts z !y well$ up )9 me1 full scope4 ,to ! w9ds ) policy & calculation6 ,:e!r ,i w9 foll[]s1 or lose ! la/ man1 ,i mu/ n /amm]1--,i mu/ speak6 ,"u ! spell ( ?is ?\ght1 :i* seem$ to seize me )\t at all consult+ me1 ,i said _m ?+s :i* *ang$ ! color on ! faces ( my ,presbyt]ian support]s4 ,unus$ to fre$om ( spee*1 & br\ght up to believe c]ta9 beliefs z sacr$1 ! attempt on my "p to subject ^! to ! /ra9 ( reason 0 9 ! nature ( a pa9ful disappo9tm5t to !m4 ,?us _m ( my foll[]s lo/ he>t & quickly return$ to ! cradle f :i*1 9 a mom5t ( excitem5t1 !y _h leap$ =?4 ,b new fri5ds took ! place ( ^? :o des]t$ ! "y movem5t1 & 9 a v %ort "t1 a l>g] hall 0 secur$4 ,?is 0 ,/4 ,george's hall1 on ,ar* /reet1 "o ( ! l>ge/ halls 9 ,philadelphia4 ,b up to ?is "t we1 includ+ myself1 believ$ ourselves to be /ill ,*ri/ians1 ?\gh no long] ,presbyt]ians4 ,z long z we held on to ! "n ( ,*ri/ian we cont9u$ to sail 9 comp>atively smoo? wat]s4 ,we made ! ^w ,*ri/ian1 ( c\rse1 to mean :at we want$ x to mean4 ,b v soon new p]plexities arose4 ,! p :o came to he> me1 & :o paid ! exp5ses ( ! new organization1 z well z direct$ its policy1 :ile !y progress$ suffici5tly to r5\nce ,presbyt]ianism1 !y 7 v reluctant to "p ) ,*ri/ianity altoge!r4 ,i c\ld criticise ,calv9 to my he>t's cont5t1 b ,i mu/ n1 ,*ri/4 ,! *ur*1 or *ur*ianity1 c]ta9ly des]v$ to be inve/igat$1 & its errors expos$1 b ,*ri/ & ,*ri/ianity 7 too sacr$ to be h&l$ ) equal fre$om4 ,my tru/ees felt t z a lib]al ,*ri/ian organization1 !re 0 a great future be=e u2 we w\ld soon become "o ( ! l>ge/ & mo/ prosp]\s religi\s bodies 9 ! city2 b if we attack$ ,*ri/--!y call$ exam9+ ! tea*+s & "* ( ,*ri/ freely attack+ ,*ri/--we w\ld be dis[n$ by all respectable memb]s1 & lose our /&+ 9 ! e/eem ( a hi!rto fri5dly public4 ,& ! public 0 inde$ fri5dly at ?is /age ( our evolution4 ,! press ( ,philadelphia1 z well z ( ,new ,york ,city1 report$ daily1 = "s "t1 ! do+s ( ! new organization4 ,! majority ( ! editorials 9 ! daily pap]s comm5d$ ! c\rse ,i _h tak5 9 avoid+ a h]esy trial1 & 9 resi/+ ! great temptation to resort to %ifts & subt]fuges to enable me to rema9 at a lucrative po/4 ,9 ^! days 99 dep>tures f ,or?odoxy 7 r>e1 & naturally1 my case creat$ a great /ir4 ,b z ,i h intimat$1 ! prepond]ance ( criticism & comm5t 0 favorable4 ,enc\rag+ lett]s f ,h5ry ,w>d ,bee*]1 ,lyman ,abbott1 ,pr(4 ,david ,sw+1 & o!r prom95t lead]s gave ! new society an enviable pre/ige4 ,b my tru/ees prote/$ t ?is good w ( ! public1 :i* con/itut$ our be/ asset1 w\ld be lo/1 & its sympa?y turn$ into antagonism1 if ,i spoke z freely ( ,*ri/ z ,i did ( ,calv91 & subject$ ! ,bible to ! same /ra9 ( reason t ,i did ! ,we/m9/] ,cate*ism4 ,9 o!r words1 ,i 0 politely made to feel t :ile x 0 respectable en\gh to "p ) ,presbyt]ianism1 x w\ld spell ru9 to "p also ) ,*ri/ianity4 99 #ahhj4 ,9 ju/ice to my support]s ,i mu/ /ate t :5 ,i resign$ f ! ,presbyt]ian *ur* ,i _h no idea t ! /ep w\ld ev5tually c>ry me beyond ,*ri/ianity itself4 ,a pur] ,*ri/ianity 0 my plea at t "t1 & ,i s9c]ely believ$ t ) ,calv9ism out ( ! way !re w\ld be left no s]i\s ob/acle = reason to /umble ov]4 ,i 0 n prep>$ at t /age ( my evolution to p]ceive ! impossibility ( sep>at+ ,calv9ism f ,*ri/ianity )\t de/roy+ bo?4 ,calv9ism 0 a symptom & n ! disease itself4 ,! disease 0 sup]naturalism1 ( :i* ! diff]5t sects are ! manife/ations4 ,x is ! disease & n its manife/ation t requir$ suppression4 ,i 0 unable to see ! relation%ip betwe5 an inf9ite ,god1 sov]eign ( all1 & ,calv9ism1 & fanci$ 9 my m9d t ,i c\ld keep ,god & let ,calv9 g4 ,b fai? 9 a ,god :o kn[s ev]y?+ & is absolutely sov]eign1 spells ,calv9ism4 ,! /ep out ( ,*ri/ianity 0 inf9itely m difficult ?an ! /ep out ( ,presbyt]ianism4 ,_h my foll[]s be5 tra9$ to ?9k rationally1 !y w\ld h se5 t s9ce ,i did n resign f ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*1 = a diff]5t =m ( baptism1 or communion1 b because ( its failure to recognize ,reason z ! highe/ au?ority 9 religion1 ,i 0 b\nd1 by ! v /ress & logic ( my premises1 to drop ,*ri/ianity z ,i _h be5 l$ to drop ,calv9ism4 ,my tru/ees 7 q unconsci\s ( giv+ me dang]\s advice1 or ( try+ to make ( me an example ( arre/$ developm5t4 ,!y 7 my fri5ds1 & ! fri5ds ( ! cause1 b !y c\ld n ?9k logically1 & t is :y !y c\ld n appreciate my reply t we are n free to comm& ! tru?1--we mu/ obey ! tru?4 ,matt]s came to a crisis :5 ,i deliv]$ a lecture on ,0 ,jesus ,god8 ,i c /ill see ! pa9ful expression on ! faces ( _m ( my he>]s on t ,sunday morn+4 ,did ,i br+ !m out ( ! ,presbyt]ian *ur* to make infidels & blasphem]s ( !m8 ,a numb] ( my he>]s rose & left ! hall4 ,! /ra9 ^u me 0 sev]e4 ,:5 ,i sat d[n ,i 0 9 a pr(use p]spiration4 ,:5 all 0 ov]1 ,i mu/ h look$ a%5 pale4 ,i _h h>dly any /r5g? left to ann\nce ! clos+ hymn4 ,b my audi5ce suff]$ p]haps ev5 m ?an did ,i4 ,to "p ) ,jesus is n ! same ?+ z p>t+ ) ,calv91 & t morn+ ,i _h told !m t if ,calv9 goes1 ,jesus mu/ g too4 ,c'e/ le premi] pas qui cote4 ,x is ! fir/ /ep t co/s4 ,b ,i f\nd my second /ep ev5 m co/ly4 ,voltaire speaks ( ! inevitabl5ess ( ! second /ep if ! fir/ is tak54 ,!y told him h[ ,/4 ,d5is _h pick$ up 8 own head aft] x _h be5 *opp$ (f by ! execution]1 & walk$ a hundr$ /eps ) x 9 8 h&s4 ,he repli$1 ,i c believe 9 ! n9ety-n9e /eps1 x is ! fir/ /ep ,i f9d difficulty 9 believ+4 ,grant$ ! fir/ /ep1 ! n9ety-n9e1 or n9e million /eps are v easy4 ,w\ld x n be wa/eful to argue t ,/4 ,d5is took ! fir/ /ep1 b no m8 ,is x n equally sup]flu\s to accept "o miracle 9 ! ,bible1 & d5y ! re/8 ,if "o miracle1 :y n a million8 ,b ! aim ( ! tra9+ we _h receiv$ 9 ! *ur* 0 n to help u to ?9k logically b h[ n to ?9k logically4 ,! /ate ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 divid$1 sub-divid$1 & voic+ doctr9es diametrically oppos$ ! "o to ! o!r1 :ile !y all claim to be & are1 equally scriptural is a pro( ( ?is4 ,i d n blame !re=e1 ! memb]s ( my society = tak+ (f5se or = )draw+1 z _m ( !m did aft] ! ,jesus lecture1 _! support f my "w4 ,!y c\ld n see ! incongruity ( accept+ "o "p & reject+ ano!r ( a div9e revelation4 ,if ! texts ^u :i* ,calv9 bas$ 8 !ology 7 d\btful1 :at assurance c\ld we h ( ! g5u95ess ( ! m lib]al texts4 ,! obscurity or ambiguity ( ,jesus 0 really ! cause ( ! contradictions & divisions ( 8 foll[]s4 ,! obscurity & contradictory nature ( ! text acc\nts = ! cr[d ( religi\s sects1 ea* claim+ to be ! only *ur* ( ,*ri/1 or1 at lea/1 m scriptural ?an its competitors4 ,x 0 bo? a moral z well z a m5tal relief to escape ! bewild]+ confusion ( su* a situation4 ,& x 0 aft] ,i _h comm&$ ! babel ( cla%+ voices to hu% t ,i c\ld he> ! /ill1 small voice ( ,reason4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,new ,temptations ,not)/&+ our _m h]esies we /ill believ$ 9 ,*ri/ianity--9 its moral excell5ce1 z we express$ x4 ,jesus 0 n ,god2 ,calv9 0 all wrong2 b /ill !re 0 t 9 ,*ri/ianity :i* c\ld n be f\nd else:]e4 ,:ile ,i myself did n l+] long 9 ?is indecisive mood1 /ill x 0 v try+ :ile x la/$4 ,to s(t5 a little ! pa9 ( los+ ,jesus ! ,god1 ! temptation to exalt him z a p]fect moral tea*] beyond all o!rs ! _w _h ev] se5 v ne>ly swamp$ me4 ,b !re 7 also f9ancial consid]ations :i* made my position at ?is /age a v critical "o4 ,i 01 besides1 s mu* 9 ne$ ( companion%ip & sympa?y t ,i wond] n[ :y ,i did n ru% into ! op5 arms ( ! fir/ lib]al ,*ri/ian sect t (f]$ to fell[%ip ) me4 ,& !re 7 religi\s fell[%ips ready to receive u4 ,let me fir/ speak ( ! ,unit>ians1 :o v k9dly (f]$ to help u1 bo? morally & f9ancially4 ,we 7 n told t we _h to jo9 ! d5om9ation be=e we c\ld receive f9ancial assi/ance4 ,!y (f]$ to help u )\t any conditions4 ,! ,unit>ians h a fund to help all lib]al religi\s movem5ts1 & z a lib]al religi\s movem5t1 we c\ld1 if we wi%$1 draw ^u t fund4 ,we did n accept ! f9ancial help1 b we 7 happy to receive su* moral support z m5 l ,james ,freeman ,cl>ke1 ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale1 ,m9ot ,j4 ,savage & o!r equally di/+ui%$ prea*]s ( ,unit>ianism c\ld give u4 ,! v5]able ,dr4 ,furness1 m ?an once1 occupi$ my pulpit1 z also ! ,rev4 ,gordon ,ames1 ^: *ur* also propos$ my "n = a life memb]%ip 9 ! ,am]ican ,unit>ian ,association4 ,i c nev] be too grateful to ! ,unit>ians = _! hospitality to me 9 ^? try+ times4 ,bo? ,dr4 ,cl>ke & ,dr4 ,hale _h receiv$ me 9 _! homes & giv5 me su* c\nsel z a "y man at ! ?re%old ( a new c>e] /&s 9 ne$ (4 ,x 0 ?us t ,unit>ianism1 ) its graci\s hospitality1 its tol]ance & lib]ality1 came v ne> p]suad+ me t hav+ gone z f> z ,unit>ianism1 x 0 n necess>y to g f>!r4 ,?us y see1 ,moses & ,calv9 came back to me dress$ z ,unit>ians2 b1 =tunately = me1 ,i recogniz$ ! disguise4 ,if ,i c\ld settle d[n 9 ,unit>ianism1 :y did ,i leave ! ,presbyt]ian *ur*8 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 !m is aft] all a diff]5ce ( quantity4 ,! ,presbyt]ians believe m ?an ! ,unit>ians1 & :ile ! ,bible is inspir$ f cov] to cov] = ! =m]1 ! latt] believe only 9 ! au?ority ( c]ta9 portions ( ! book4 ,erne/ ,r5an told ! ,prote/ants t !y did n h suffici5t reason = leav+ ! ,ca?olic *ur*4 ,b we c\ld n believe 9 ! mass1 repli$ ! ,prote/ants4 ,if y believe 9 ! virg9 bir? & ! resurrection ( ! fle%1 :at b a :im c\ld prev5t y f believ+ also 9 transub/antiation1 argu$ ,r5an4 ,we c say ! same ( ,unit>ianism4 ,if x c believe 9 p>ts ( ! ,bible1 z inspir$ or if x c accept1 ! unity ( ,god1 or ! ,lord%ip ( ,jesus1 :y n believe a little m8 ,if x drops "o dogma on gr\nds ( reason1 x mu/ drop all1 & if x c accept "o dogma1 ! ,lord%ip ( ,jesus1 = example1 on fai?1 :y n also ! ,tr9ity8 ,if ,god exi/s1 he c\ld be 9 ?ree or m p>ts q z easily z 9 "o4 ,unwitt+ly ! ,unit>ian *ur* has help$ to /r5g!n ! cause ( ,or?odoxy4 ,x speaks ( ,*ri/ z ! mo/ p]fect be+ or tea*] :o has ev] visit$ ?is planet--a be+ possess+ all ! virtues1 & none ( ! defects ( human nature1--a be+ wor?y to be call$ 9 a special s5se1 ! ,son ( ,god4 ,v well1 answ]s ! ,or?odox believ]1 ,if ,jesus 0 all t1 he 0 ,god4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 ,unit>ianism & ,or?odoxy is t1 :ile ! latt] calls ,*ri/ a ,god1 ! =m] holds t he 0 m ?an man4 ,! po9t is n wor? fight+ =4 ,moreov]1 ,if ,*ri/ 0 ! type ( p]fection1 z y ,unit>ians seem to believe1 argues ! ,calv9i/1 he c\ld n h claim$ to be ,god1 z he c]ta9ly does1 unless he 0 ,god4 ,if he 0 n ,god1 he 0 an impo/or1 & n ! mo/ p]fect type ( "* ! _w has ev] se51 z y claim4 ,! answ] is decisive4 ,if ,jesus believ$ himself to be only a mortal l ourselves1 h[ expla9 8 language ( au?ority1 8 =giv+ ( s9s1 8 miracles1 8 claim to be equal ) ! ,fa!r1 & to h exi/$ f all "t8 ,! weapons :i* ,unit>ianism uses aga9/ ,or?odoxy1 ! latt] c easily ignore4 ,nay1 ,unit>ians are (t5 quot$ by ! ,or?odox to prove t ev5 ^? :o d5y ! div9ity ( ,jesus1 are compell$ to admit t !re nev] 0 ano!r l unto ,him4 ,! po9t ,i am endeavor+ to make is t ,i c\ld n accept ,unit>ianism because its claim ab\t ! moral p]fection ( ,jesus 0 z mu* an unreason$ dogma1 z ! belief 9 8 div9ity4 ,if ,i c\ld subscribe to "o dogma1 :y n to all8 ,if !re is no evid5ce t ,jesus 0 ,god1 nei!r is !re any t he 0 morally p]fect4 ,i am aw>e t !re are ,unit>ians :o d n accept ev5 ! moral p]fection ( ,jesus4 ,b t only helps to confuse u z to :at ,unit>ianism really /&s =4 ,if ,jesus 0 n morally p]fect1 or ! wise/ & be/ tea*]1 :y does he monopolize ! ,unit>ian pulpit8 ,9 conclusion1 z already intimat$1 ,unit>ianism ) its ,god-idea diff]s f ,calv9ism1 n 9 k9d1 b 9 degree only4 ,its baggage ( ! sup]natural is n q s heavy1 b :at !re is ( x is e :it z sup]natural4 ,b my inexp]i5c$ b>k _h h>dly wea!r$ ! ,unit>ian /orm :i*1 z ,i confess$1 came v ne> driv+ me "u %elt]1 be=e ano!r dang] confront$ me & my /ruggl+ society4 ,! f9ancial problem 01 ( c\rse1 a press+ "o ) u4 ,hall r5t _h to be paid1 :i* 0 consid]able1 & ! lectur] & 8 family _h to be support$4 ,! indep5d5t c\rse ,i 0 foll[+ 0 n add+ to ! rev5ues ( ! society4 ,! money$ p1 & ! p accu/om$ to mak+ g5]\s contributions = *ur* purposes1 did n approve ( my ,rational t5d5cies4 ,x 0 at ?is "t t ,spiritualism cross$ my pa?1 & endeavor$1 if ,i may use s trite a phrase1 to flirt ) me4 ,i c\ld h _m new support]s1 & "s money$ m5 & wom51 if ,i c\ld see ! tru? ( ,spiritualism1 0 :isp]$ 9 my e>s by my own fe>s & hopes4 ,& !n h>dly a ,sunday pass$ :5 at ! conclusion ( ! lecture ,i 0 n met by "s believ] 9 ,spiritualism1 :o told me h[ he or %e _h se5 ,d>w91 or ,em]son1 or ,goe!1 or ,voltaire at my side on ! plat=m1 :ile ,i 0 deliv]+ my address1 & h[ "o or ! o!r _h smil$ ^u me ) approval4 ,i receiv$ messages purport+ to come f ! _w ( ,spirits1 comm5d+ my c\rse1 & bidd+ me to g =w>d unafraid4 ,opportunities 7 giv5 me to see tables tip1 to he> cele/ial voices1 & to be surpris$ by fla%es ( light 9 p]fectly d>k rooms4 ,= _m ( ! fri5ds :o tri$ to lead my /eps t[>d ,spiritualism1 ,i /ill *]i% ! t5d]e/ ?\ghts4 ,!y befri5d$ me & my wife1 !y help$ to r5d] ^? desolate days ( anxiety & h>d%ip a little less ( a /ra9 ^u our res\rces4 ,b ,i c\ld become a ,spirituali/ only ) my eyes %ut1 & ,i _h op5$ !m :5 ,i p>t$ ) ,calv9ism4 ,0 ,i n[ go+ to %ut my eyes aga98 ,my neighbor & colleague1 ,dr4 ,john ,e4 ,rob]ts1 :o left ! ,bapti/ *ur* to jo9 ! ,unit>ians1 & lat]1 became m9i/] ( ! ,*ur* ( ?is ,_w1 has rec5tly express$ 8 int]e/ 9 ,spiritualism4 ,he ?9ks ! ,spirituali/s h ! mo/ com=t+ doctr9e1 because ( _! hope ( immortality4 ,dr4 ,rob]ts ?9ks t we ne$ ! spiritual gl[ ( fai? 9 immortality to keep u f )]+4 ,b is n immortality z inconceivable z ! ,tr9ity8 ,:y %\ld a man object to ! ,bapti/ or ! ,unit>ian immortality1 if he c accept ! immortality ( ! ,spirituali/s8 ,is ! evid5ce furni%$ by mod]n m$iums m conv9c+ ?an t furni%$ by ! m$iums 9 ! ,bible8 ,are ! spirits :o manife/ !mselves 9 ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts1 impo/ors1 :ile ^? :o appe> to ,mrs4 ,pip] 9 ,brooklyn are g5u9e8 ,& is ! immortality promis$ by ,mrs4 ,pip]'s gho/s diff]5t1 or bett]1 ?an ! immortality promis$ by ^? :o commun$ ) ,jesus1 ,pet] & ,paul8 ,b let u he> ,dr4 ,rob]ts' reasons = pref]r+ ! ,spirituali/'s c]ta9 hope ( ano!r life to ! sil5ce ( ,rationalism on ! "q ( ! h]eaft]3 ,& !n ,i ?9k !re is ne$ ( a revival along ! l9e ( *]i%+ ! old-fa%ion$ hopes4 ,y c see 9 curr5t lit]ature a /rong t5d5cy t[>ds ! belief t ?is _w is ! end ( x4 ,x is surpris+ to "o t w be> 9 m9d h[ (t5 he f9ds t /ra9 ( pessimism4 ,m5 & wom5 9 v great numb]s are beg9n+ to ?9k t aft] all maybe et]nal sleep is bett] ?an et]nal life4 ,=1 9 ! grave !re c come no pa91 no sorr[1 no te>s4 ',on ! %ore ( t va/ sea ( oblivion no wave ( sorr[ breaks4' ,b1 to my m9d1 life is too sweet ev] to be giv5 up1 & ,i c't help lik+ ! old-fa%ion$ hope t !re is some?+ beyond2 t we %all rememb] & f9d ea* o!r & make rep>ations = wrongs we h done & expla9 "s ?+s t 7 misund]/ood "h4 ,9 o!r words1 t we %all live aga94 ,= "o1 )\t kn[+ a ?+ ab\t x1 ,i cl+ to ! old-fa%ion$ hope ( immortality4 ,b is x correct to id5tify ! old-fa%ion$ hope ) optimism1 & ! belief t et]nal sleep is bett] ?an et]nal life1 or t 9 ! grave !re c come no pa91 no sorr[1 no te>s1--) pessimism8 ,! old-fa%ion$ hope 0 no hope at all1 because x 0 a private & exclusive hope4 ,x res]v$ a place 9 heav5 = ! few1 ! elect1--:e!r ,jewi%1 ,mohamm$an or ,*ri/ian1--& condemn$ ! multitude to ! pa9s ( hell4 ,c su* a hope make = optimism8 ,c su* a prospect brace up humanity at l>ge8 ,moreov]1 ! old-fa%ion$ hope's picture ( et]nal life is s prosaic1 s savorless1 t x has fall5 into innocu\s desuetude ev5 among ! elect4 ,m5 h express$ _! hesitation to decide :i* !y w\ld pref]1 ! heav5 or ! hell ( ! old-fa%ion$ hope4 ,! grave is m optimi/ic ?an ! old-fa%ion$ future4 ,ah1 )9 our ,"m's brea/1 ,f toil & tumult1 s9 & sorr[ free1 ,sph]$ beyond hope & dread1 div9ely calm1 ,!y lie1 all ga!r$ into p]fect re/4 ,& o'er ! trance ( _! ,et]nity4 ,! cypress waves m holy ?an ! palm4 ,b ,dr4 ,rob]ts likes et]nal life ( "s k9d4 ,et]nal life6 ,we fe> our good fri5d has /oop$ to a sonor\s phrase4 ,pl9y1 "o ( ! illu/ri\s philosoph]s ( ! reign ( ,trajan1 ?\ght t man 0 m =tunate ?an ! gods1 because1 :ile ! gods _c die1 man c4 ,we are n 9 a position to tell :e!r or n et]nal life is desirable1 = we d n "k :at x is4 ,h[ c we desire1 or despise ! inconceivable8 ,no "o c tell :e!r x is an evil or a bless+ to live =ev] & ev]1 & ev]1 & ev]1--& ev]--unless he has exp]i5c$ x4 ,nor c anyone affirm et]nal life 7we ?9k ,dr4 ,rob]ts means consci\s1 p]sonal immortality7 until he has liv$ ?r\gh an et]nity4 ,to live a million1 million ye>s1 is n et]nal life4 ,h5ce1 no "o :o has n s liv$1 c speak intellig5tly ( et]nal life4 ,we _c ev5 say t ! gods are immortal4 ,because !y h liv$ until n[1 s to speak1 is no argum5t t !y w live =ev]4 ,we h to wait until !y prove _! ability to live =ev]1 & ev]1 & ev]1 be=e we c pron\nce !m immortal4 ,no be+ c be call$ immortal until he has liv$ to ! end ( "t4 ,we d n affirm1 nor d we d5y1 ! inconceivable4 ,! "q ( ! h]eaft] is /ill an op5 "o4 ,!re is no reason :y p %\ld n speculate ab\t x4 ,we may ev5 hope t tomorr['s sci5ce w ?r[ m light ^u ?is int]e/+ problem1 b today1 all we "k ab\t et]nal life is t we d n "k any?+ ab\t x4 ,i gaz$ 7z (t ,i've gaz$ ! same7 ,to try if ,i c\ld wr5* aught out ( dea?1 ,:i* c\ld confirm1 or %ake1 or make a fai?1 ,b x 0 all a my/]y4 ,"h we are4 ,yes1 ,"h we are1--t is ! great reality4 ,!re is *e] & hope & love ev5 9 ! ?\ght t ! pres5t h\r is big ) possibilities & sweet ) memories4 ,we ne$ n ?9k ( ! grave :ile our he>ts pulse1 & our blood is w>m4 ,x is que] h[ all believ]s 9 et]nal life fe> ! grave & deep5 its gloom4 ,! ?\ght ( ano!r life (t5 impov]i%es ! life we n[ possess4 ,p9+ = ! f> away tomorr[1 we lose ! joy at our doors4 ,s*ill] describes a recluse at ! b> ( heav51 argu+ t he mu/ h great rew>ds because he has practic$ great privations 9 life4 ,he receiv$ a *ill+ answ]4 ,he is told t if he 0 fooli% en\gh to let ! real life slip ?r\gh 8 f+]s = a di/ant rew>d1 !re is no p[] t c make good 8 losses4 ,real optimism spr+s f ! ?\ght t ! pres5t life may be made de>] & nobl]1 ri*]1 & happi]1 & t we may s live z to leave beh9d u a long & fragrant memory3 ,! ripe products ( a f]tile bra9 ,w live & reproduce fair fruit aga94 ,ev5 at its wor/1 dea? is an obligation we owe po/]ity1 & ! dis*>ge ( x %\ld make no "o a pessimi/4 ,at any rate1 ) ,grant ,all51 we c s+ :5 we feel life's ev5+ ga!r+ ab\t u3 ,p]*ance a little light w come ) morn+2 ,p]*ance ,i %all b sleep4 ,dr4 ,rob]ts admits1 ,i believe1 t he has no evid5ce to (f]1 except :at he calls ! innate desire = ano!r life4 ,b if ! desire = immortality proves ano!r & an endless life1 ! desire = ,god1 or ,*ri/1 or an infallible ,revelation1 ought to be suffici5t to prove _! exi/5ce4 ,! ,spirituali/s1 l ! ,or?odox1 reason logically en\gh aga9/ beliefs n _! own1 b :5 x comes to _! own dogmas !y d n consult reason at all4 ,i _h left ,calv9ism because x fail$ to furni% ! evid5ce = its claims1 h[ !n c\ld ,i jo9 ! ,spirituali/s ) no m evid5ce to sub/antiate _! claims ?an t x 0 pleasant to desire ano!r life8 ,b !re is ! te/imony ( ! m$iums2 yes1 & !re is ! te/imony ( ! apo/les4 ,if ! latt] is n en\gh to make ,*ri/ianity true1 ! =m] is n en\gh to prove ,spiritualism4 ,! comp>atively few l9es 9 :i* ,i h tri$ to tell my e>ly exp]i5ce z a ,rationali/ give b an imp]fect idea ( ! ef=t requir$ "u circum/ances ( /ress & anxiety1 to keep my %ip /eady on ! tr\bl\s wat]s to :i* ! w9ds outside ! h>bor ( ,calv9ism _h driv5 me4 ,9 ! words ( ,%elley1 ,i _h unfurl$ my sails to ! tempe/1 & fe> & al>m 7 to be my portion1 until ,i became m accu/om$ to ! sw+ ( ! sea1 & c\ld comm& ! />s to po9t ! way4 ,! op5 sea is n l ! %elt]$ h>bor4 ,x is easy to g out to sea1 b n s easy to f9d "o's way !re4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod ( m5tal /ruggle to "w out a philosophy ( life :i* %\ld fill ! vacuum creat$ by ! collapse ( !ology1 ,i 0 frequ5tly approa*$ by well-mean+1 b ov]-confid5t1 tea*]s :o1 9 _! own op9ion1 at any rate1 _h completely & satisfactorily reconcil$ religion ) ,reason4 ,ne>ly e mail br\ght me lett]s recomm5d+ "s publication :i* w\ld answ] all my difficulties z x _h !irs4 ,n a few ( my w\ld-be help]s w5t to ! tr\ble ( call+ on me ) ! same object 9 view4 ,i %all only speak "h ( "o ( ! books :i* 0 suppos$ to h unti$ all ! knots1 div9e & human1 :i* h ev] p]plex$ ! bra9 ( man4 ,! book came to me highly recomm5d$4 ,ev5 ,presid5t ,eliot ( ,h>v>d _h publicly endors$ x4 ,:ile x 0 _m ye>s aft] ! p]iod ,i am n[ writ+ (1 t my att5tion 0 call$ to ?is book1 nev]!less1 x is because ! book is typical ( ! ef=ts to make ,reason approve ( ! fundam5tals ( ! popul> fai?1 t ,i reproduce "h :at ,i said ( x at ! "t3 ,balance is ! "n ( a little book ) a great aim4 ,its au?or1 ,mr4 ,orl&o ,smi?1 sets out z a new ,columbus to discov] n ano!r e>?1 b ano!r tru?1 :i* %all give to all kn[n tru?s new mean+ & wor?4 ,?is tru?1 he believes1 he has discov]$1 & *ri/5s x1 ,! ,fundam5tal ,v]ity4 ,lucid illu/rations are mass$ toge!r ) tell+ effect1 to %[ t ,nature is equipp$ ) a self-curative g5ius :i* makes discord an impossibility4 ,t :i* is ov]done 9 "o direction is und]done equally 9 an opposite direction4 ,?is rhy?m1 ?is equival5ce :i* pulls ! p5dulum 9 "o direction z f> z x pu%es x 9 ano!r is ! ,fundam5tal ,v]ity1 :i*1 if grasp$ z univ]sal & infallible1 w remove f our %\ld]s :at ,%akespe>e calls ! we>y weight ( all ?is un9telligible _w1 & br+ ,religion & ,sci5ce1 ! two gladiatorial conte/ants 9 ! mod]n ar5a1 to replace _! qu>rel\s weapons1 ) :i* !y h giv5 & receiv$ ga%es deep & bloody1 ) ! olive bran* ( peace & concord4 ,hav+ und]tak5 to demon/rate t ! physical _w is 9 ! embrace ( laws :i* =ev] evolve ord] out ( confusion1 & t ,balance is supreme 9 e detail ( life1 f ! mo/ mom5t\s to ! mo/ m9ute1 t ?r\gh\t ! l5g? & bread? ( ! univ]se ! acc\nt balances p]fectly2 & t ,nature has no failures1 & bad debts2 t ,balance =bids wrong1 su* = in/ance z ! victory ( "o =ce ov] ano!r1 ! au?or believes he has f\nd 9 ?is law ! unansw]able demon/ration = ! exi/5ce ( a ,supreme ,be+ :o is ! au?or ( ,balance 9 ! univ]se & ( ! immortality ( ! s\l4 ,?us1 hav+ giv5 to ^! two ambiti\s propositions a new front1 he concludes he has reconcil$ ,religion ) ,sci5ce4 ,x is q easy to reconcile enemies if !y let y int]pret _! diff]5ces to suit y\rself4 ,mr4 ,smi? def9es bo? ,religion & ,sci5ce ) a view to reconciliation1 & x is no wond] t !y /op qu>rel+ imm$iately4 ,ev5 9 ,mr4 ,orl&o ,smi?'s religion1 !re is an elem5t ( ! sup]natural1 a deus ex ma*9a--:o f ! et]nities rules ! _w & is pl$g$ to see t 9 ! end "r %all prevail4 ,?is is !ology & n sci5ce4 ,mr4 ,smi? />ts by try+ to prove t ,nature is j1 ord]ly1 & its acc\nts are always p]fect1 & !n1 un=tunately en\gh1 he drags =? once m ! obsolete !ological argum5t :i* sci5ce has already r5t into tatt]s1 t ano!r life is inevitable s9ce ?is life is unsatisfactory4 ,hav+ %[n t !re are no failures 9 ,nature1 he n[ says1 ,we mu/ admit1 h[ev]1 t ju/ice is incomplete 9 ?is life4 ,t1 h[ev]1 de/roys ! position t ,nature is at pres5t gov]n$ by a ,supreme ,be+ :o makes failure impossible1 & ! proposition t ?is ,supreme ,be+ mu/ be giv5 m "t to "w 9--an et]nity--is !ology1 n sci5ce4 ,if = millions ( ye>s ?is e>? c\ld roll "u ! eye ( a ,supreme ,be+ & /ill be imp]fect1 :at reason h we to conclude t ! ,be+ :o has fail$ hi!rto is go+ to d bett] 9 ! unkn[n future8 ,& :at ab\t ! animals8 ,w !y h to look =w>d to ano!r _w = ju/ice8 ,mu/ n _! lives be balanc$' 9 "s way too8 ,or w ,mr4 ,orl&o ,smi? answ] ) ,/4 ,paul1 ,does ,god c>e = ! ox58 ,t[>d ! end1 ,mr4 ,smi? develops into a full-fl$g$ pulpite]1 claim+ t no hospitals1 *>ities1 or in/itutions ( le>n+1--songs hymns1 poems1 noble ?\ghts or s5tim5ts are possible1 )\t ! doctr9e ( a ,supreme ,be+1 & ( ano!r life4 ,?us ! sci5ce ) :i* ,mr4 ,smi? began is swall[$ up 9 !ology--x is ! lamb & ! lion ly+ d[n toge!r1--b "o inside ! o!r4 ,i _h r5\nc$ ,calv9ism1 n because x w\ld n let me use my reason at all1 b because x w\ld n let me use x consi/5tly4 ,i c\ld use x "h1 b n !re1 or only s f> & no fur!r4 ,! m5 :o (f]$ me sub/itutes = ,calv9ism plac$ re/rictions ^u reason too1 diff]+ only 9 appe>ance f ^? impos$ by ! *ur*4 ,i _h n yet f\nd an organization t respect$ consi/5cy1 & consi/5cy is ano!r ^w = s9c]ity4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,! ,critical ,p]iod ,9 #ahhh ,i became acqua9t$ ) ! "w ( ! ,e?ical ,movem5t1 :i* 0 !n e/abli%+ a bran* 9 ,philadelphia4 ,! plat=m ( ! movem5t appeal$ to me /rongly1 because x 0 completely divorc$ f ! sup]natural4 ,x emphasiz$ ! de$1 & ignor$ ! cre$2 or r1 x believ$ 9 ! cre$ ( ! de$4 ,i invit$ ! lead]s ( ?is movem5t to address my society1 & to expla9 to u 9 detail ! philosophy ( ,e?ical ,culture4 ,all five ( ! lectur]s ( ! ,e?ical ,societies 9 ,am]ica successively occupi$ my plat=m 9 ,/4 ,george's hall1 & ,i 9 return occupi$ _! plat=ms 9 ,new ,york1 ,*icago1 ,/4 ,l\is & ,philadelphia4 ,?is int]*ange ( plat=ms result$ 9 my accept+ a call f ! ,new ,york ,society = ,e?ical ,culture1 & ?ree ye>s lat] f ! ,*icago ,society1 :i* latt] ,i s]v$ z its lectur] = five ye>s4 ,! f\nd] ( ! ,e?ical ,societies 0 ,dr4 ,felix ,adl]1 ! son ( a ,jewi% ,rabbi1 :o 0 expect$ to succe$ 8 fa!r z ! spiritual head ( ! fa%ionable & weal?y ,fif? ,av5ue synagogue 9 ,new ,york ,city4 ,b all ! o!r memb]s ( ! frat]nity ( lectur]s 7 ei!r ex-m9i/]s ( ! ,*ri/ian *ur*1 l myself1 or _h1 at "o "t1 /udi$ = ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry4 ,9 ! beg9n+1 ! movem5t 0 consi/5tly & fe>lessly ,rationali/ic4 ,adl] _h a lecture on ,a!ism 9 :i* he boldly expos$ ! weakness ( ! !i/ic position4 ,?is lecture 0 pr9t$ & widely circulat$4 ,! o!r lectur]s also op5ly antagoniz$ ! ,god idea z robb+ ! idea ( ! ,good ( ! att5tion & love ( man4 ,! *ur*es fe>$ ! ,e?ical ,movem5t 9 ^? days1 & d5\nc$ x z an irreligi\s in/itution4 ,b soon !re appe>$ a *ange 9 ! lead] & f\nd] ( ! movem5t1 & gradually also 9 ! majority ( 8 colleagues4 ,! lecture on ,a!ism 0 )drawn f circulation1 & ,dr4 ,adl] began deliv]+ addresses on immortality1 & exalt+ ! "* ( ,*ri/ 9 ! fa%ion ( ,unit>ianism4 ,all lectures 9 criticism ( ! fundam5tals ( ,or?odoxy 7 z mu* z prohibit$4 ,or?odox lead]s 7 invit$ to prea* f ! plat=m ( ! ,e?ical ,societies1 & x became ! ambition ( an ,e?ical lectur] to deliv] only su* lectures z no *ur*-go] w\ld object to he>4 ,i d n mean t ,or?odox doctr9es 7 promulgat$ by ! ,e?ical lectur]s1 b no?+ 0 to be said aga9/ !m1 if no?+ c\ld be said 9 _! favor4 ,! aim ( ! ,movem5t 0 n[ def9$ to be solely ! improvem5t ( ! morals ( its memb]s & ( ! public1 & !re=e1 l ! *ur*1 x began to fight s91 /udi\sly ignor+ ! debas+ sup]/itions & ! bondage ( dogma :i* n only _h bankrupt$1 bo? m5tally & morally1 :ole nations1 b :i* _h also )]$ ! greate/ civilization ! _w _h ev] se51 & surr5d]$ humanity to ! keep+ ( ! d>k ages = a ?\s& ye>s4 ,?is *ange 9 ! program ( ! ,e?ical ,societies greatly pleas$ ! ,or?odox _w1 & all fe> ( m5ace or dang] to its !ological int]e/s f t direction 0 dissipat$4 ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant cl]gym5 vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 expressions ( admiration = ! "w ( ! ,e?ical ,societies1 & all prais$ ! tact :i* ! lead]s ( ! movem5t display$ 9 refra9+ f criticisms ( ! *ur*es & _! doctr9es1 to prote/ aga9/ ! degrad+ effects ( :i*1 0 ! v object = :i* ! ,e?ical ,societies 7 organiz$ 9 ! fir/ place4 ,?us x w be se5 h[ completely ! ,movem5t came to ab&on its orig9al program4 ,! ,sunday lectures ( ! lead]s ( ! ,movem5t became1 9 "t1 s h>mless t prea*]s recomm5d$ !m to _! flock1 :ile ! ,e?ical lectur]s 9 return publicly decl>$ t x 0 n necess>y = a ,tr9it>ian1 a ,papi/ or a ,jew to leave 8 *ur* be=e he c\ld be admitt$ to memb]%ip 9 an ,e?ical ,society4 ,! ,e?ical ,societies1 9 fact1 did n enc\rage p to break away f _! ecclesia/ical connections1 b indirectly1 at lea/1 advis$ !m to support ! new movem5t )\t )draw+ _! support f ! *ur*es to :i* !y belong$4 ,i _c imag9e t any "o s]i\sly believ$ t a dev\t ,*ri/ian1 or an ,or?odox ,jew1 w\ld jo9 an ,e?ical ,society = purposes ( edification 9 morals4 ,to d s w\ld be equival5t to an admission t "o's div9ely appo9t$ *ur* 0 n satisfy+ "o's highe/ ne$s1 & to feel t way t[>d "o's own *ur* is to cease to believe 9 x4 ,only ^? !n :o _h p>t$ ) ! pa/1 ) its cru%+ & hamp]+ freight ( dogmas1 w\ld ?9k ( jo9+ an organization t />t$ z an ,a!i/ic1 or at lea/1 a non-religi\s society4 ,b ! invitation to jo9 ! ,e?ical ,societies )\t leav+ _! own *ur*es _h ! effect ( draw+ ! new movem5t into clos] relations ) ! religi\s bodies1 :i* 9 our op9ion has greatly h&icapp$ ! ,e?ical lectur]s1 & impair$ _! lead]%ip 9 ! _w ( ?\ght4 ,x is n my int5tion to br+ a *>ge ( delib]ate surr5d] to ! *ur*es aga9/ ! lead]s ( ! ,e?ical ,movem5t4 ,x w be difficult to f9d any:]e a f9] body ( m5 ?an ! lectur]s ( ! diff]5t ,e?ical ,societies 9 ,am]ica4 ,b !y sw]v$ f ! pa? !y _h />t$ to foll[1 & sacrific$ a magnific5t c>e] to become an annex to ! *ur*4 ,n only ! hi/ory ( ! ,movem5t1 b also ! lit]ature :i* x n[ puts =?1 l5ds confirmatory evid5ce to ! criticism ,i h made aga9/ a cause to :i* ,i once gave my he>t4 ,t ! publications ( ! ,e?ical ,society z well z ! ,sunday lectures ( ! lead]s1 %[ decid$ly reaction>y t5d5cies1 x w n be difficult to prove4 ,!y d ?is1 fir/1 by ma9ta9+ a significant sil5ce on que/ions ! free discussion ( :i* w\ld (f5d ! *ur*es1 & 9 ! second place1 by indirectly endeavor+ to bol/] up1 by new int]pretations1 ! discr$it$ dogmas ( ! popul> religions4 ,ei!r ( ^! *>ges1 if true1 w be en\gh to prove t ! ,e?ical ,movem5t has n rema9$ fai?ful to its orig9al int5tions4 ,x is n a secret t ! lectur]s ( ! ,e?ical ,societies no long] publicly condemn ! false tea*+ ( ! *ur*es4 ,^! false tea*+s1 9 our op9ion1 =m an ess5tial "p ( bo? ,*ri/ianity & ,judaism1 :i* h to be expos$ & attack$ vigor\sly & )\t compromise1 if morality is ev] to make any p]man5t progress 9 ! _w4 ,x %\ld be z impossible to reconcile ,e?ical ,culture ) ! *ur*es1 z x is to reconcile !ology ) sci5ce1 & yet1 t is precisely :at ! ,e?ical lectur]s ?9k !y ,h accompli%$4 ,i h only to quote f au?oritative ,*ri/ian s\rces to %[ h[ prejudicial to ! int]e/s ( morality is ! tea*+ ( ! *ur*es4 ,= an ,e?ical ,movem5t sy/ematically to ignore ! evil :i* ! *ur*es d by sacrific+ reason to dogma is 9 ! nature ( treason to its own pr9ciples4 ,! :ole tr5d ( ,*ri/ian tea*+ is t ,e?ics is second>y4 ,h[ c ! ,e?ical ,societies af=d to ignore s fundam5tal an untru?8 ,bo? ! e/abli%$ & ! non-con=mi/ *ur*es explicitly & (ficially decl>e & tea* t1 ,!y also are to be accurs$ t presume to say1 t e man %all be sav$ by ! ,law1 or ! sect t he pr(esse?1 s t he be dilig5t to frame 8 life accord+ to t ,law1 & ! ,light ( ,nature4 ,= ,holy ,scripture do? set out unto u only ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/ :]eby m5 mu/ be sav$4 99 ,cle>ly1 !n1 = ! *ur*es x is n e?ics1 b fai? 9 ,jesus1 a disput$ p]sonage at ! v be/1 :i* repres5ts ! highe/ int]e/s ( ! race4 99 ,eighte5? ,article ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,t ! same une?ical doctr9e =ms ! basis ( ! ,re=m$ *ur*es w be se5 f ! foll[+3 ,mu* less c m5 n pr(ess+ ! ,*ri/ian religion be sav$1 be !y ev] s dilig5t to frame _! lives accord+ to ! light ( nature2 & to asc]ta9 & ma9ta9 t !y c is v p]nici\s & to be dete/$4 99 ,! same indiff]5ce1 if n contempt = morality is %[n by ! lead+ expon5ts ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,:5 ,i 0 a lad ( ab\t fifte51 "o ( ! books plac$ 9 my h&1 & :i* ,i 0 made to reg>d almo/ z inspir$ z ! ,bible1 01 ,paleys ,evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,speak+ on ! scope ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 9 ! second "p ( 8 book1 he writes3 ,moral precepts or examples1 or illu/rations ( moral precepts1 may be occasionally giv51 & be highly valuable1 yet /ill !y d n =m ! orig9al purpose ( ! mission4 ,! mean+ is cle>3 ,*ri/ did n come to make m5 moral1 he came to save ^? :o %all believe 9 him4 ,& ?is is also ! tea*+ ( lead]s l ,m>t9 ,lu!r1 ,john ,calv91 ,*>les ,spurgeon & ,g5]al ,boo?4 ,! burd5 ( ,lu!r's message 0 t ,*ri/ _h come to aboli% ! ,moral ,law4 ,! lib]ty :i* ,lu!r proclaim$ assur$ ! believ] t ev5 ! decalogue %all n be br\ght into acc\nt aga9/ him1 nor its violation be all[$ to di/urb ! consci5ce ( ! ,*ri/ian4 9999 ,9 ! same _s1 ,spurgeon cri$ 9 8 ,london ,tab]nacle1 ,sunday aft] ,sunday1 = ne>ly half a c5tury3 ,?irty ye>s ( s9 %all be =giv51 & x %all n take ?irty m9utes to d x 94 ,& ?is doctr9e t fai? 9 ,*ri/ c 9 "o in/ant make a man :o has l$ a life ( crime & corruption1 "o ( ,god's sa9ts1 ,spurgeon & 8 fell[-cl]gym5 le>n$ f ,*ri/ himself1 :o op5$ ! gates ( p>adise to ! malefactor on ! cross1 & 9 "o m9ute wip$ out all 8 pa/4 ,?is example f ! gospels %[s t1 ! prea*]s & ! cre$s 9 giv+ to morality a second>y place1 are n misrepres5t+ ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/4 ,:at ne$ has a religion :i* c *ange m5 miracul\sly1--& :i* makes fai? ! sole condition ( salvation1--= ,e?ical ,culture8 99 ,we/m9/] ,cate*ism4 9999 ,moehl]'s ,works1 quot$ by ,cott] ,morison1 ,s]vice ( ,man1 page #ea4 ,:at is true ( ,*ri/ianity is equally true ( its p>5t1 ,judaism4 ,! full /ress ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is on ! necessity ( ! ,c]emonial & n ! ,moral ,law4 ,:ile ! ,jews 7 n only p]mitt$1 b 7 ord]$ to break e ,e?ical comm&m5t 9 ! decalogue1 to commit !ft1 murd]1 massacre1 & acts ( oppression & brig&age1--e dep>ture f ! ritual ( ,israel 0 visit$ by imm$iate & clamor\s puni%m5t4 ,bo? ,judaism & ,*ri/ianity make _! special objective1 n "*1 b ! cre$4 ,h[1 !n1 c a movem5t ! motto ( :i* is ,! de$1 n ! cre$1 ma9ta9 s pr(\nd a sil5ce1 or refra9 ev5 f call+ att5tion to ! positive hurt :i* ! old religions d to ! cause ( righte\sness8 ,:at is ! def5se ( ,e?ical ,culture aga9/ ?is *>ge8 ,if x be answ]$ t1 ! *ur*es no long] take _! cre$s or bibles1 s]i\sly1 not)/&+ _! (ficial pr(essions1 !n ! ,e?ical lectur]s %\ld1 in/ead ( sil5tly endors+ ! hypocrisy :i* pr(esses "o ?+ & believes ano!r1 ?und] aga9/ x ) all _! might4 ,?is %\ld be done n f motives ( hatr$ or combativ5ess1 b 9 ! _s ( fai?fulness to ! be/ int]e/s ( man4 ,x is error1 & n its victims1 aga9/ :i* ! ,rationali/ directs 8 /raight & s\nd+ bl[s4 ,x 0 ,pa9e's k9dly advice 9 ! ,fr5* conv5tion to kill ! k+ & sp>e ! man4 ,x is ! desire ( ,reason to de/roy false tea*+s & to help enlight5 ! tea*]4 ,! effect ^u ! prosp]ity ( ! ,e?ical ,societies1 bo? 9 ,am]ica & ,europe1 ( ?is policy ( sil5ce1 has be5 really disa/r\s4 ,l ,unit>ianism1 ! ,e?ical ,movem5t has drift$ into ! %elt]$ h>bor :]e x hugs ! :>ves made fa/ by po/s & ropes4 ,bo? ^! movem5ts />t$ out = ! sea1 b n a vessel fly+ _! flags c n[ be enc\nt]$ at any di/ance f ! coa/4 ,?irty ye>s ago !re 7 f\r ,e?ical ,societies 9 ,am]ica2 !re are n[ ^! same f\r & no m1 & ?ree ( !m are )\t any lectur]s4 ,b n only by _! sil5ce on ! injuri\s tea*+s ( bo? ,judaism & ,*ri/ianity1 :i* /rike at ! v f\ndations ( moral heal?1 b also by _! attempts1 incr$ible z x may seem1 to discr$it sci5ce & to seek 9 metaphysics1 or 9 a sort ( att5uat$ !ology1 ! orig9s & sanctions ( ,e?ics1 ! ,e?ical lectur]s h giv5 to decay+ dogmas ! support !y ow$ to ,rationalism4 ,9 a contribution by ,dr4 ,adl]1 head ( ! fell[%ip1 on "o ( ! fundam5tals ( ! ,movem5t1 we see full traces ( ?is deplorable ef=t to divorce ,e?ics f sci5ce1 & w$ h] to !ology4 ,9 discuss+ ,! ,religion ( ,duty1 ! pr(essor1 in/ead ( expla9+ duty 9 ! t]ms ( sci5ce1 tries to make ( x a deep] my/]y ev5 ?an ! ?rice veil$ dogmas ( ! *ur*es4 ,duty1 he says1 becomes religion :5 we recognize t x is n a law or a comm& t has a m]ely s5sible orig91 or c be expla9$ 9 t]ms ( s5sible exp]i5ce1 t we c get to ! bottom ( x & ?or\ghly p5etrate x ) our und]/&+1 or see fully ! use ( x4 99 99 99 ,x is !n t we come to realize t 9 ! moral comm& !re is some?+ awful4 ,! language is n v cle>--p]haps because ! ?\ght is n v cle>--b we believe its mean+ is t1 a moral comm& is awful because we _c und]/& x4 ,pr(4 ,adl] seems to make ( duty a new k9d ( a god4 ,! qualities & attributes ( ! deity he bodily transf]s to 8 successor--,duty4 ,accord+ly1 ,duty becomes j z my/]i\s & awful z ,god1 & we c no m get at ! bottom ( ,duty ?an we c und]/& ! ,deity4 ,duty no m ?an ! ,deity c be express$ 9 t]ms ( s5sible exp]i5ce1 h5ce x is inexplicable2 & ! only way we c feel ! maje/y & inexplicable augu/ness ( x1 says ! pr(essor1 is to draw back ! curta9s & see1 & !n we %all f9d t out ( ?is relation we sudd5ly get religion4 ,i fe> we get x a little too sudd5ly4 ,su* rapid trans=mations sugge/ a deus ex ma*9a4 ,!re is s]i\s dang] ( mak+ a feti% out ( ! ^w duty4 ,! ?9k+ _w has ab&on$ !ism because ( ! impossibility ( expla9+ 9 t]ms ( s5sible exp]i5ce1 ! exi/5ce ( a p]sonal inf9ite2 b n[ ,pr(4 ,adl] wi%es to surr\nd 8 new deity1 ,duty1 ) ! same cl\ds & d>kness :i* h s long hung ab\t ! anci5t div9ities4 ,9 :at s5se is x a complim5t to ! moral law to say t x _c be expla9$ 9 t]ms ( s5sible exp]i5ce8 ,:at is ga9$ by putt+ a dead wall or curta9s betwe5 ! intellig5ce ( man & 8 consci5ce8 ,:y sne] at ! sci5tific explanation ( ! orig9 & gr[? ( ! moral s5se by call+ x n>r[1 secul>1 mat]iali/ic & paltry1 z ,pr(4 ,adl] does 9 ?is lecture--:5 no bett] explanation is (f]$ ?an a m]e rhetorical recomm5dation to draw back ! curta9s & see ! maje/y & inexplicable augu/ness ( x8 ,:at are ^! curta9s8 ,:o put !m !re to hide su* augu/ness8 ,if ! sci5tific explanation ( ! orig9 ( ! moral s5se is a flat failure1 quot+ f ! pr(essor aga91 :at is 8 explanation8 ,we are really griev$ to see s influ5tial a public lead] tak+ sides aga9/ sci5ce1 ! only dep5dable tea*] we h1 not)/&+ its _m limitations4 ,aga91 9 8 criticism ( ! evolution>y view1 ! pr(essor says3 ,z aga9/ ! sci5tific evolution>y view1 ,i plead = :at ,i w\ld call ! moral evolution>y view1 :i* ass]ts t ! moral law is a law ( our nature1 & 9 s f>1 ! univ]sal nature4 99 99 99 ,we leave ! issues to "w !mselves out2 we leave !m to mighti] p[]s ?an we1 ^: ways we wot n (4 ,"h surely is !ology--cap1 cassock & all4 ,b :at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! sci5tific evolution>y view & ! moral evolution>y view8 ,if ! sci5tific view is n 9 accord ) ! kn[n facts1 !n x is n sci5tific4 ,b if x is 9 h>mony ) ! facts1 :at d we ga9 by reject+ x 9 pref]5ce to ! moral evolution>y view8 ,if on ! o!r h& ! moral evolution>y view is n sci5tific1 :at is its value8 ,accord+ to ! g5]ally admitt$ sci5tific explanation1 morality is j z mu* ! result ( evolution z is music or language4 ,morality is ! sl[ product ( ! accumulat$ exp]i5ce ( humanity4 ,b t does n seem to be ,pr(4 ,adl]'s !ory4 ,!re is1 he says1 a voice t speaks 9 u out ( ! ultimate reality ( ?+s4 ,b if ?is voice is n ! inh]it$ in/9cts ( ! race1 :at is x8 ,if x is a ready-made1 or made to ord] voice1 or a voice n made at all--b1 well1 an unfa?omable some?+ comm&+ u 9 tones ( ! categorical imp]ative--:o plac$ x !re8 ,god1 or *ance8 ,if consci5ce1 9 /raight words1 is a natural product 9 ! same s5se t ! bra9 or ! human h& is1 !n !re is no good reason = ?r[+ a my/ic veil ov] ?is "o faculty or s5se1 or 9 decorat+ x ) fallacy trimm+s & j+l+ bells 9 ord] to make x look exceptionally awful & augu/4 ,j z ! fooli% ov]praise ( ,jesus has ne>ly ru9$ him z a liv+ =ce 9 ! life ( ! _w today1 s !re is dang] ( mak+ an idol or a mummy out ( morality by tak+ away all its beautiful naturalness4 ,i simply ?9k ( ! moral law )9 u1 says ,dr4 ,adl]1 z a h& laid on u4 99 99 99 ,i l to ?9k ( ! moral law 99 99 99 z ( a h&2 ! face we d n see1 b ! h& we feel4 ,is n ?is an attempt to make e?ics z my/ify+ z !ology8 ,if ?is h&1 ( :i* ! pr(essor speaks1 is end[$ ) un]r+ intellig5ce1 h[ %all we acc\nt = ! mis/eps1 disa/r\s 9 _! consequ5ces1 :i* man has tak5 ) ?is h& laid on him8 ,h[ev]1 ?is h& :i* we are told is heavy ^u our %\ld]s z ,atlas1 is n infallible1 :at is its wor?8 ,is x necess>y to p]plex an audi5ce ) visions ( a h&1 & a face t belongs to ! h& :i* we d n see1 9 ord] to impress x ) ! beauty & duty ( ob$i5ce to ! dictates ( ! enlight5$ & emancipat$ consci5ce8 ,b ?is confusion is ! result ( ! comm]ce ( ,e?ical ,culture ) ,*ur*ianity & ,judaism1 9 o!r words1 ) ! sup]natural4 ,a tea*] :o is try+ to conv9ce bo? ,*ri/ian & ,jew t )\t disc>d+ _! obsolete & ob/ructive dogmas !y c jo9 ! ,e?ical ,movem5t1 is compell$ by ! v exig5cies ( ! mesalliance to t>ry 9 ! region ( fog & obscurity4 ,& ?is confusion 9 ?\ght1 ?is lack ( decision & cl>ity 9 "o's concepts1 ?is metaphysical vagu5ess & bewild]+ rhetoric is ! price ,or?odoxy exacts be=e x w be/[ its smile ^u a prodigal tea*] seek+ to return to ! fold4 ,we c\ld n agree ) ! head ( ! ,e?ical ,movem5t t x 0 wor? our :ile to try to w9 ! favor ( ! *ur*es1 or to seek _! co-op]ation4 ,9 our op9ion su* a rappro*em5t w\ld only r$\nd to ! glory ( an in/itution t has prov5 itself n only incapable ( sav+ ! _w1 b ( positively h9d]+ its salvation4 ,?is indictm5t is n voic$ 9 ha/e1 or 9 malice1 b because x is bas$ ^u c>eful obs]vation & /udy4 ,! *ur* c nev] become a great moral p[] until x is rationaliz$4 ,9 ?is age ( enlight5m5t ! *ur* c n be hone/ & ,or?odox at ! same "t4 ,we recomm5d ?is ?\ght to ! consid]ation ( ! ,e?ical lectur]s4 ,& no in/itution c make o!rs hone/1 if x is di%one/ itself4 ,is ! *ur* hone/ ) sci5ce8 ,is x hone/ ) hi/ory8 ,is x hone/ ) ! ,bible8 ,m>k ^! brave words ( ,huxley3 ,:5 ,sunday aft] ,sunday1 m5 :o pr(ess to be our in/ructors 9 righte\sness1 read out ! /atem5t t ',9 six days ! ,"l made heav5 & e>?1 ! sea & all t 9 !m is1' 9 innum]able *ur*es1 !y are ei!r propagat+ :at !y may hone/ly "k1 &1 !re=e1 are b\nd to "k1 to be falsities2 or if !y use ! words 9 "s non-natural s5se1 !y fall bel[ ! moral /&>d ( ! mu*-abus$ ,jesuit4 ,h[ refre%+6 ,to ! av]age ?9k] ! inconsi/5cy ( advocat+ ,e?ics z ! supreme good1 on ! "o h&1 & on ! o!r1 ( ma9ta9+ a delib]ate sil5ce on ! demon/rably false tea*+ ( ! *ur* :i* makes belief ! greate/ ( all virtues1 has only to be po9t$ out to be compreh5d$4 ,& x is ,kant1 ! patron-sa9t ( ! ,am]ican ,e?ical lectur]s1 :o set !m ! example ( inconsi/5cy4 ,) a rig\r :i* ev5 9 a dogmati/ ( ! !ological s*ools w\ld be consid]$ excessive1 ,emanuel ,kant argu$ t s imp]ative 0 ! duty to tell ! tru? t1 ev5 to save "o's self or ano!r f murd]1 !re mu/ be no dep>ture f x4 ,if y saw an assass9 ) a drawn dagg] runn+ aft] a man or a woman1 & he ask$ y1 :i* way ! fugitive ran1 if y answ] him at all1 insi/s ,kant1 y mu/ tell him ! tru?4 ,& yet ?is same philosoph] enc\rag$ op5ly ! ,lu!ran cl]gy ( 8 day to g on deceiv+ ! p ) beliefs :i* !y !mselves _h disc>d$1 on ! score t populus vult decipi1 & t ! cl]gy are excus$ by _! pr(ession = play+ a false "p4 ,is x !n f policy or f pr9ciple t ! ,e?ical lectur]s1 />t+ z !y did1 by d5\nc+ ! sup]natural z ! de/roy] ( "*1 lat] on came to ignore altoge!r ! exi/5ce ev5 ( degrad+ sup]/itions1 & 7 cont5t to be a moral improvem5t association m]ely1 some:at aft] ! patt]n1 z ,m>ie-,jean ,guyau /ates1 ( a ,*ri/ian ,temp]ance ,society8 99 99 ,l',irrligion de ,l',av5ir4 ,! battle ( progress is to be f\ght 9 ! m9d4 ,an intellectual awak5+ mu/ prec$e all real & p]man5t moral improvem5t ( ! _w4 ,on ! tree ( enlight5m5t alone c rip5 ! fruit ( righte\sness & peace4 ,& !re c be no enlight5m5t "u ! *ur*4 ,ev5 z ! light ( ! sun c n ent] a dungeon1 ! light ( k c n p5etrate ! m9d :i* x has be5 ! aim ( ! *ur* to keep %ut4 ,! condition ( ! spread ( k z ( ! sunlight is ! same--fre$om4 ,yet fre$om is ana!ma :]e !re is a ,revelation4 ,a ?\s& ,e?ical ,societies c\ld n help ,russia unless %e began by /rik+1 )\t sp>+ or wav]+1 at ! tea*+s ( ! ,greek *ur*4 ,! new edifice _c rise side by side ) ! old--x mu/ rise on ! ru9s ( ! old4 ,c !re be any real moral advance 9 a community 9 :i* ! foll[+ is accept$ & taught z a div9ely reveal$ tru?3 ,we are acc\nt$ righte\s be=e ,god1 only = ! m]it ( our ,"l & ,savi\r ,jesus ,*ri/ by fai?1 & n = our own works & des]v+s4 ,:]e=e1 t we are ju/ifi$ by fai? only is a mo/ :olesome doctr9e1 & v full ( com=t4 99 99 ,no4 ,,xi4 ( ! ,articles ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,all ! o!r ,*ri/ian *ur*es tea* to "y & old ! same doctr9e4 ,only by self-/ultification c an ,e?ical ,society refra9 f combat+ s injuri\s a tea*+ ) all ! e>ne/ness & c\rage at _! comm&4 ,no?+ w\ld please ! prie/s & rabbis m ?an to be assur$ t ! ef=ts ( ! new tea*]s w be conf9$ /rictly to giv+ moral exhortations1 & t !y w leave *ur* & dogma respectfully alone4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,an*or$ at ,la/ ,aft] ne>ly t5 ye>s ( s]vice 9 ! ,e?ical field1 ,i felt con/ra9$ to )draw f ! frat]nity ( lectur]s1 because ,i realiz$ t "u ! guise ( a new "n we 7 all sl[ly slipp+ back into ! net ( !ology1 f :i* we _h escap$ aft] ye>s ( /ruggle & suff]+4 ,:5 ,i look ov] my own lectures deliv]$ dur+ my connection ) ! ,e?ical ,movem5t1 ,i f9d 9 !m cle>ly ! traces ( ! same reaction>y bias4 ,! atmosph]e ( !ology is p]ceptible on ne>ly e page1 ,passages ab\t ! moral supremacy ( ,jesus1 ,8 uniqu5ess1 & ! indebt$ness ( ! ages to ,him1 w be f\nd 9 ! publications :i* w n only %[ t ,i _h sw]v$ f ! pa? into :i* ,i _h ent]$ :5 ,i left ,calv9ism1 & 9 :i* ,i _h p]sev]$ aga9/ num]\s temptations to leave x1 b also1 :at a p[]ful influ5ce my new environm5t ex]t$ ^u me4 ,9 a lecture deliv]$ be=e ! ,*icago ,e?ical ,society1 ,i try to prove ! spiritual resurrection ( ,jesus1 & ,8 incomp>able greatness4 ,9 ano!r1 deliv]$ be=e ! ,new ,york ,society1 9 ,c>negie ,music ,hall1 ,i fail to appreciate ! s]vices ( su* intellectual ,titans z ,voltaire & ,?omas ,pa9e--:o flung !mselves aga9/ a ?\s& abuses1 & by oppos+1 succe$$ 9 putt+ an end to !m4 ,i make ^! confessions to %[ t !re 0 9 my c\rse f ,calv9ism to ,rationalism1 a break1 aft] all4 ,i miss$ ! /raight pa?1 despite all my vigilance1 & _c1 !re=e1 claim ! happ9ess1 nor ! di/9ction :i* belongs to ^? :o h be5 m consi/5t ?an ,i h be54 ,b x 0 n v long be=e ,i began to see :i!r ,i 0 drift+4 ,i discov]$ t ,i 0 us+ two sets ( weights & measures--"o set = ,calv9i/ic ,*ri/ianity1 & ano!r set = my ,*ri/ianity1 & x 0 only necess>y to submit my own int]pretations to ! same te/s :i* _h %[n ! unt5ability ( ,calv9ism to discov] my self-deception4 ,i _h reject$ ,calv9ism because x (f]$ no evid5ce 9 support ( its dogmas1 b :at evid5ce did ,i (f] to prove ! moral sup]iority ( my ,jesus :i* ,i claim$ to f9d 9 ! gospels8 ,:y is n ,calv9's ^w z good z m9e1 if an ass]tion may pass = an argum5t8 ,i began to see1 ev5 m cle>ly ?an ev] be=e1 p]haps1 because ( my tempor>y backslid+ or eg>em5t1 z ! ,fr5* w\ld x is z impossible to con/ruct a "* ( ,jesus z x is to write a life ( ,jesus out ( ! data 9 h&4 ,no less an au?ority ?an ,pr(4 ,conybe>e1 ( ,ox=d1 ,fell[ ( ! ,briti% ,academy & ,doctor ( ,!ology1 admits t ,we _c1 !n1 aspire to write a life ( ,jesus4 ,ev5 ,r5an fail$1 & f ! h&s ( a ,f>r> we m]ely get "u ?is rubric a f>ago ( falsehood1 absurdity1 & *>latanry4 99 ,?is is /rong language1 b !re is no exagg]ation 9 x4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a life ( ,jesus _c be writt51 x foll[s t1 "u ! circum/ances a "* ( ,jesus c n be con/ruct$4 ,h[ c ! "* ( a man be kn[n ^: life is unkn[n to u8 ,are a few float+ aphorisms ascrib$ to ,jesus en\gh to ju/ify 8 beatification8 ,& yet1 ! o!r ,e?ical lectur]s1 z well z myself1 7 speak+ ( ,jesus n only z ! religi\s g5ius ( ! ages1 b also z ! "o be+ 9 :om humanity's hopes & dreams came true4 ,i h quot$ else:]e 9999 ,adl]'s description ( ,*ri/ z a p]sonality ( su* sup]lative excell5ce1 s radiant1 s incomp>ably l(ty 9 mi5 & port & spee* & int]c\rse4 ,b ?is rhetorical praise is z untrue ( ,jesus z x w\ld be ( ,moses or ,mohamm$4 99 ,my?1 ,magic & ,morals1 page #adj4 99 ,! ,tru? ,ab\t ,jesus1 page #beg4 ,9 ! fall ( #ahii !re 0 pres5t$ to me ! opportunity ( ei!r go+ to ,philadelphia1 ! sc5e ( my e>li] intellectual /ruggles1 z ! lectur] ( an ,indep5d5t ,society1 or ( return+ to ,*icago1 aft] an abs5ce ( f\r ye>s f t city1 to be ! lectur] ( a society :i* promis$ to help support a plat=m pl$g$ to an uncompromis+ ,rationalism4 ,consid]able objection 0 made by memb]s & lectur]s ( ! ,e?ical ,societies to my try+ to organize an ,indep5d5t ,society 9 ,*icago4 ,0 n "o lib]al society en\gh 9 ,*icago8 x 0 ask$4 ,did n ! ,e?ical plat=m answ] ! purposes :i* ! propos$ society wi%$ to s]ve8 ,w\ld ,i n be divid+ & !reby weak5+ ! cause by engag+ a new lecture hall8 ,my critics did n object to my go+ to cities :]e !re 7 no ,e?ical ,societies1 b 9 cities :]e !re 0 "o1 ,i 0 n ne$$1 0 _! argum5t4 ,b "t has %[n t ! society ( :i* ,i h be5 ! lectur] = ! pa/ t5 ye>s1 does n 9 ! lea/ conflict )1 or duplicate ! "w ( ! ,e?ical ,societies4 ,!re is a radical diff]5ce betwe5 ,e?ical ,culture & ,rationalism1 :i* may be br\ght out by ! help ( an illu/ration3 ,a c]ta9 k+ _h _m slaves4 ,?is k+ _h be5 a slave-hold] = a long1 long "t4 ,& 8 slaves _h liv$ 9 slav]y ev] s9ce !y c\ld rememb]4 ,!re 7 among ! slaves ( ! k+1 "y & old1 m5 & wom51 ri* & poor4 ,n[ !re came to ! slave-hold]1 "o day1 m5 f a /range c\ntry1 :o dem&$ t ! slaves be giv5 _! fre$om4 ,! k+ put !m to dea?1 & cont9u$ to hold 8 slaves4 ,f "t to "t o!rs came dem&+ fre$om = ! slaves1 b !y met a simil> fate4 ,"s ( ! prea*]s ( fre$om 7 burn$ at ! /ake1 o!rs 7 tortur$ to dea? 9 dungeons1 & o!rs aga9 7 put to ! sword4 ,b ?is did n /op ! com+ ( new prea*]s ( lib]ty4 ,:5 ! numb] ( p believ+ 9 fre$om = ! slave increas$ suffici5tly to comm& respect1 ! slave-hold] *ang$ 8 policy4 ,he receiv$ ! mess5g]s ( lib]ty ) great c\rtesy & hospitality1 & express$ ! hope t he & !y might arrive at a satisfactory arrangem5t4 ,:y d y dem& ! fre$om ( ! slaves8 he ask$1 v politely4 ,x is _! "r1 & x alone c develop ! be/ possibilities 9 !m1 !y answ]$4 ,i am p]fectly will+1--inde$1 ,i %all coop]ate ) y t[>d t laudible end1 b on "o condition3 !y %all cont9ue to rema9 9 my c>e & obey me z _! guide & protector4 ,no1 said "s ( ! apo/les ( lib]ty1 z slaves !y c nev] be help$ to ! full] & bett] life4 ,be=e ev]y?+ else1 !y mu/ conqu] fre$om to obey n y1 b _! own unfett]$ & enlight5$ consci5ces4 ,besides1 y h be5 an evil ,ma/]1 & c no long] be entru/$ ) ! c>e ( o!rs4 ,) ! fall ( slav]y falls all y\r pret5d$ rights to ! allegiance ( ^! m5 & wom54 ,& ! slaves c n become free until y\r real "* is expos$ & y\r pret5sions to au?ority div9e explod$4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 !re 7 ^? among ! prea*]s ( fre$om :o 7 incl9$ to accept ! slave-own]'s proposition3 ,we w come 9 & d :at we c to educate & re=m ! p4 ,we w say no?+ to !m ab\t _! slav]y1 or aga9/ y\r au?ority ov] !m4 ,all we wi% is to make good m5 & wom5 out ( !m1 !y said4 ,behold ! diff]5ce betwe5 lib]al ,*ri/ian & ,e?ical movem5ts1 & a ?or\ghgo+ & uncompromis+ ,rationalism4 ,! =m] ?9k t ! intellectual bondage ( ! *ur* is n an ob/acle to ! moral & m5tal developm5t ( man1 ! latt] hold1 & to my m9d1 ju/ly1 t ! fir/ condition ( salvation = a slave is t he be free--free f gods1 *ri/s1 bibles & *ur*es1 z well z k+s4 ,b ! ,rationali/ ,societies ( ,europe & ,am]ica ne$ no ju/ification = _! exi/5ce4 ,!y d a "w :i* nei!r ,unit>ianism nor ,e?ical ,culture attempt ev5 to d4 ,! "w ( ! ,rationali/s ( ,*icago has be5 s+ul>ly successful1 bo? 9 build+ up a self-support+ ,society ) a l>ge memb]%ip & a mu* l>g] audi5ce :i* regul>ly fills ,or*e/ra ,hall--! l>ge/ & f9e/ on ,mi*igan ,av5ue1 b x has also1 toge!r ) ! o!r progressive =ces at play 9 ! mod]n _w1 pr(\ndly influ5c$ ! life & ?\ght ( ! community4 ,sup]/ition is m a%am$ to %[ h] face 9 ,*icago1 ?an p]haps 9 any o!r city ( its size 9 ,am]ica4 ,!re are no d\bt1 ,rationali/s 9 _m ( our o!r cities1 & 9 l>ge numb]s1 b 9 ,*icago1 ,rationali/s are organiz$4 ,!y ma9ta9 a regul> plat=m1 & dissem9ate ,rationali/ic publications by ! ?\s&s4 ,! t5 ye>s 9 :i* ,i h be5 engag$ 9 ?is "w ( con/ructive ,rationalism h be5 ! mo/ fruitful ye>s ( my life4 ,!y h be5 ye>s ( consci\s developm5t 9 ! k & grasp ( tru?s :i* enri* z well z int]pret life4 ,! s5se ( fre$om f inconsi/5cy1 :i* is a k9d ( ins9c]ity1 is a great s\rce1 bo? ( p[] & happ9ess4 ,!n1 ! militant note to :i* ! s\l ( ! ,rationali/ vibrates1--= he is a soldi] sworn to free m5 f ! fe> ( ! gods & _! prie/s--a soldi] to help man break 8 holy *a9s--gives him all ! al]tness1 wat*fulness1 & c\rage ( a s5t9el at 8 vigil4 ,!re h be5 ^? :o h help$ man to political lib]ty1 & o!rs :o are nobly endeavor+ to help him conqu] indu/rial lib]ty3 b n until man has ?r[n (f ! yoke ( ! gods c he be free inde$4 ,! la/ k+ to be de?ron$ is ! heav5ly k+4 ,if he /ays1 ,tz> & ,kais]1 tyrant & despot1 pope & prie/1 9 "s =m or o!r1 w rema9 ) u4 ,"h & !re m5 may succe$ 9 bani%+ or ov]?r[+ ! tyrant1--k+ or prie/1 b ^! w come back aga9 & aga91 p]haps disguis$1 b ev] really ! same1 until ,god f :om !y d]ive _! p[] is unseat$1 & man becomes =ev] free4 ,honor to ^? :o taught u n to kneel be=e ,caes>1 b great] honor to him :o %all tea* u n to kneel at all1 & to accept no?+ t is giv5 to u = kneel+4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,"s ,objections to ,rationalism4 ,rationalism is cold1 is a frequ5t criticism advanc$ by !ological p4 ,)\t ,god & ! hope ( immortality1 ! ,rationali/1 accord+ to *ur*-go]s1 ought to be v mis]able4 ,ev5 if he %\ld manage to escape ! consequ5ces ( 8 unbelief :ile liv+1 he is sure to suff] horrors :5 he comes to die4 ,life & dea? are s awful t only fai? 9 ,god & ! hope ( a future life c enable u to endure ! "o & resign ourselves to ! o!r4 ,su* is ! reason+ ( ,or?odoxy4 ,/rictly speak+1 ! "q ( ! exi/5ce ( a ,god is n a human "q4 ,! b>e fact t = ^! ?\s&s ( ye>s1 & ?r\gh\t ! _w1 ! exi/5ce ( ,god has rema9$ an unsolv$ "q1 sugge/s t 9 all probability x w nev] be decid$ by mortals4 ,c]ta9ty ab\t ! future is equally impossible4 ,( c\rse1 we d n "k :at light sci5ce may ?r[ ^u ^! problems to-morr[1 b speak+ mode/ly1 & )\t dogmatiz+1 e hone/ s\l mu/ admit1 ) ,%akespe>e1 t ! future is /ill an undiscov]$ c\ntry4 ,! ess5tial ?+ is n t we %\ld believe 9 a ,god or 9 ! h]eaft]1 b t we %\ld gr[4 ,:5ev]1 dur+ my t5 ye>s ( complete sev]ance f ! sup]natural1 ,i h be5 call$ to say a few words 9 ! h\se ( m\rn+1 or at ! op5 grave1 ,i h nev] pret5d$ to f9d com=t = ! b]eav$ 9 ! belief 9 a non-resid5t ,god or 9 a life h]eaft]4 ,! prie/ kn[s1 or says he does1 :]e ! dep>t$ has gone1 :at k9d ( a life he leads !re1 :at w be 8 lot 9 et]nity1 & :e!r we %all meet aga94 ,he speaks ( ^! ?+s ) ! assurance ( a s*oolboy recit+ a page :i* he has le>n$ by he>t4 ,b he is only pret5d+ to possess in=mation :i*1 z a matt] ( fact1 no "o possesses4 ,he kn[s no m ( a p]sonal ,god1 or ( ano!r life1 ?an anybody else4 ,if we _c pr$ict :at w happ5 9 ! next h\r1 h[ c we talk ) assurance ( ! secrets ( ! un5d+ future8 ,if we d n q und]/& ourselves1 or ! _w :i* we daily see1 h[ c we boa/ ( any c]ta9 k ( a ,be+ :o is said to be inf9itely & absolutely & incompreh5sibly diff]5t f u8 ,sil5ce is m religi\s ?an ! gossip "o he>s ab\t su* a ,be+4 ,mode/y is m rev]5t ?an dogmatism1 & ! agno/ic is m hone/ & m eloqu5t ?an ! g>rul\s prea*]4 ,if m5 wi% to "k :]e ! ,et]nal is1 :o he is1 :at he does1 :at 8 int5tions are1 h[ he %\ld be prais$1 :at humors or provokes him1 h[ _m manife/ations or p]sons !re are 9 8 godhead1 & :5 he fir/ began 8 op]ations1 etc41 !y mu/ n come to a ,rationali/ = su* in=mation4 ,to acqua9t man ) himself1 to %[ him ! way to develop & use 8 own res\rces1 & 9 "t ( sorr[ & b]eavem5t1 to dep5d ^u ! ?\ghts ( ! wise & ! brave1 :i* heal & soo? & bless1 is ! consolation ,rationalism (f]s4 ,x is mode/1 b x is real4 ,rationali/s _c c\nt on ! cre$s = consolation4 ,a doll may amuse a baby1 b is a gr[n-up man mis]able because he _c play ) a toy8 ,! ,rationali/ is will+ to see ,nature 9 its true light4 ,he pref]s reality to illusions1 & w\ld r be awake ?an dream+ ! mo/ s$uctive dreams :i* poppy or m&ragora1 or all ! dr[sy syrups ( ! _w c m$ic9e ! m9d into4 ,b ! greate/ consolation ( ! ,rationali/ is 9 ?is1 t he is n "u obligation to di/ort 8 intellect & twi/ 8 affections out ( jo9t 9 ord] to ju/ify ,god's way to man4 ,no soon] a disa/] is ann\nc$ ?an ! cl]gy beg9 to concoct excuses = ?is seem+ neglect ( ,provid5ce4 ,god meant to puni% human c>elessness2 he 0 angry ) ! pres5t g5]ation = its unbelief2 he wi%$ to speak 9 tones l\d en\gh to be he>d ! _w ov]1 he 0 try+ to make u m c>eful 9 ! future1 he wi%$ to demon/rate t all human devices & inv5tions are futile unless ! ,"l protect ! %ip1 ! h\se or ! city2 & f9ally1 t we d n und]/& ,god1 = he moves 9 a my/]i\s way1 8 wond]s to p]=m1 ?\gh we "k he does ev]y?+ = ! be/4 ,is x n a welcome relief t ! ,rationali/ c be> 8 great sorr[ )\t resort+ to commonplace sophi/ries ( ?is nature8 ,n tax$ ) ! burd5 ( v9dicat+ ,provid5ce1 ! ,rationali/ devotes 8 en]gies to ! fruitful "w ( develop+ 8 res\rces aga9/ ! =tuit\s elem5ts at play ab\t him4 ,only a mom5t's reflection w prove ! futility ( all attempts to e/abli% a relation ( "s k9d betwe5 ,god & ! _w's life4 ,god's 9 ,8 ,heav51 ,all's "r ) ! ,_w6 is ,br[n+'s cre$ 9 8 ,pippa ,passes4 ,! v]se 9 :i* ! l9es occur is1 no d\bt1 excell5t poetry1 b :at ab\t its philosophy8 ,! l>k's on ! w+2 ,! snail's on ! ?orn2 ,god's 9 ,8 ,heav5- ,all's "r ) ! _w6 ,we h se5 & he>d ! lovely l>k w++ ?r\gh ! cry/al air2 & a ?\s& ?\s& eyes h discov]$ ! snail on ! ?orn4 ,is x ,br[n+'s idea to intimate t by ! same mat]ial or tangible pro(s we may be sure ,god's 9 ,8 ,heav51 & be reassur$ t ,all's "r ) ! _w8 ,! two propositions belong altoge!r to radically diff]5t categories1 & to inf] f ! pres5ce ( ! l>k 9 ! air1 or ! snail on ! ?orn1 t ,all's "r ) ! _w1 may be good rhyme1 b t is all x is4 ,grant+ t ,god's 9 ,8 ,heav51--a "q t[>d :i* we ma9ta9 ! mode/ & hone/ agno/ic position1--x is )9 ! sph]e ( man to discuss :e!r ,all's "r ) ! _w4 ,! _w is made up ( _m c\ntries full ( p1 & x has _h a long hi/ory4 ,c]ta9ly all's n "r 9 all ! c\ntries ( ! _w1 nor has x be5 s dur+ all ! p]iods ( "t4 ,is x1 = example1 true ( ,russia to-day t all's "r !re8 ,is x true ( ,pol&1 ble$+ f a ?\s& w\nds8 ,has x ev] be5 all "r 9 ,turkey8 ,9 ,br[n+'s op9ion1 0 !re a c\ntry 9 ,europe--! ,europe ( 8 day--( :i* he c\ld tru?fully say t all 0 "r !re8 ,b p]haps ! poet m]ely meant to say t s9ce ,god's 9 ,8 ,heav51 all is b\nd to be "r1 soon] or lat]1--if n 9 ?is _w1 !n1 surely1 9 "s o!r4 ,b is n t begg+ ! "q8 ,! m]e fact t ! be/ human ef=t is direct$ t[>d mak+ ! _w bett]1 %[s t ! _w ne$s m5d+1 & is f> f be+ all "r4 ,we fe> t ,br[n+ us$ 8 (t-quot$ expression aft] a v enjoyable breakfa/1 :ile look+ out ^u 8 gre5 & c>efully trimm$ lawns1 %ad$ ) ! ov]spread+ bran*es ( gorge\s trees1 & imag9$ t 8 *e]ful y>d 0 ! _w4 ,! poet appe>s to correct 8 own ha/y g5]alization :5 a little lat] he puts 9 ,pippa's m\? ! l9es3 ,9 ! morn+ ( ! _w1 ,:5 e>? 0 nigh] ,heav5 ?an n[4 ,if x is true t ! old] ! _w gr[s1 ! f>!r x falls f heav51 !n1 x c n be all "r ) ! _w1 ev5 if ,god's 9 ,8 ,heav54 ,& :at is ,br[n+'s au?ority t ! e>? 0 ne>] ,heav5 once ?an x is n[8 ,does he believe t ! /ate ( b>b>ism is ne>] heav5 ?an t ( civilization8 ,or does he believe t man began life z an angel1 & lat] became a man--a fall5 man8 ,x seems z if ! =m] ( ! two suppositions repres5ts ,br[n+'s ?\ght1 = 9 ! foll[+ l9es he %[s decid$ pref]5ce = ! animal1 ! primitive1 life ( ! _w3 ,= :at are ! voices ( birds1 ,aye6 & ( bea/s--b words1 our words8 ,only s mu* m sweet8 ,?is is reason swall[$ up 9 rhyme1 or s5se lo/ 9 s5tim5t4 ,:y is ! incoh]5t1 in/9ctive exclamations ( *ildhood1 ( bird & bea/1 sweet] ?an ! rip5$1 rational1 progressive1 ^w ( man8 ,surely a bird is m innoc5t ?an a man1 b a /one is ev5 m innoc5t ?an a bird4 ,! bea/ te>s its victims to dea?1 ! tree fe$s ! worms2 is n a tree1 !re=e1 pur] ?an a bea/8 ,9 all nature1 !re is no?+ holi] ?an man1 = he alone c be holy4 ,br[n+ seems to ?9k t we 7 all s mu* bett] (f :5 we 7 ne>] ! bird & bea/1 b evolution is our de/9y1 & only fa9t he>ts ca/ wi/ful glances at ! ages left beh9d4 ,f9ally1 ! great ,engli% poet seems to develop fur!r ! ,asiatic fatalism ( ,god's 9 ,8 ,heav51 all's "r ) ! _w idea1 :5 9 ,sc5e ,,vi41 ,pippa1 9 h] *amb]1 exclaims3 ,all s]vice ranks ! same ) ,god-- ,) ,god1 ^: puppets1 be/ & wor/1 ,are we2 !re is no la/1 nor fir/4 ,inde$6 ,are we1 !n1 b 8 puppets'8 ,is ,god a puppet %[man8 ,& is ?is a puppet _w :i* he rules8 ,:at is ! educational value to ,god ( presid+ ov] a race ( puppets8 ,is !re any glory = ,god1 z ,om> ,khayyam sugge/s1 9 pu%+ back & =?1 on a *eck]bo>d1 m]e puppets1 & !n %utt+ !m up 9 a closet aft] he has f9i%$ ) ! game8 ,if we are all 8 puppets1 we _c mu* c>e :e!r ,god's 9 ,8 ,heav51 or some:]e else1 & :e!r or n ,all's "r ) ! _w4 ,! tru? is1 ,br[n+1 in/ead ( portray+ tru?1 betrays x4 ,he sacrifices reason to imag9ation1 & ! result is failure4 ,! attempts ( ! cl]gy to reconcile ! god-idea ) human suff]+ & wrong h prov$ equally wor?less4 ,%ortly aft] ! disa/r\s ,iroquois fire1 9 :i* ne>ly six hundr$ lives 7 lo/1 ! ,*icago cl]gy met1 /range to say1 to ?ank ,god = 8 t5d] m]cies4 ,!ology cuts /range cap]s ) ,reason aft] x has put out its eyes4 ,x 0 ( c\rse appropriate t1 n only ! m\rn]s1 b ! public 9 g5]al1 %\ld obs]ve ) sob] reflections ! anniv]s>y ( a holocau/ :i* left a great city 9 m\rn+4 ,x is regrettable1 h[ev]1 t ! c]emonies at ! commemoration s]vice assum$ altoge!r a !ological "*1 exclud+ !reby f p>ticipation _m :o w\ld h d]iv$ great b5efit f a purely human expression ( sorr[ & sympa?y4 ,! ex]cises op5$ by ! r++ ( ! well kn[n ,hymn1 ,ne>]1 ,my ,god1 to ,!e1 :i* 0 t\*+ly r5d]$ by ! soloi/ & qu>tet to ! accompanim5t ( ! piano4 ,all music1 s(tly & feel+ly r5d]$1 is sure to be impressive z well z soo?+ on occasions ( ?is k9d4 ,b 0 x n a pity t "s poet's words1 free f ! !ological implication1 7 n select$ 9 place ( ?is *ur* hymn :i* is1 aft] all1 no?+ b ! ec/atic outp\r+ ( a sup]latively my/ical s\l8 ,:at does x mean1 = in/ance1 to be ,ne>] & /ill ne>]1 to ,god8 ,did ! six hundr$ p :o murmur$ ! words ( ! hymn h any cle> idea ( :at !y 7 ask+ = :5 !y sang ,ne>]1 ,my ,god1 to ,!e8 ,no d\bt !y 7 com=t$ by ! hymn1 b h[ did x diff] f ! help :i* ! ,asiatic ?9ks he d]ives z (t5 z he exclaims ,om ,mani ,padme ,h\m--,o ! glori\s jewel ( ! lotus1--am58 ,imag9e ! effect ^u an ,am]ican audi5ce1 _h "o ( ! speak]s sugge/$ t ! audi5ce %\ld s+ ! ,h9doo pray] to ! lotus in/ead ( ! ,*ri/ian hymn4 ,b :y is n ,o ! glori\s jewel ( ! lotus z intelligible z ,ne>]1 ,my ,god1 to ,!e8 ,w\ld ! millions ( ,ori5tals :o 9 sorr[ & d>kness f9d light 9 draw+ ne>] to ! lotus1 be 9 ! lea/ mov$ by ! ,*ri/ian hymn :i* moi/5$ ! eyes ( s _m 9 ,will>d ,hall8 ,b :y n let ! ,h9doo h 8 lotus pray] & ! ,*ri/ian 8 hymn8 ,we h no objection3 if !y _c d )\t !m1 !y are welcome to !m4 ,9 our op9ion !re has nev] be5 a religion1 h[ev] crude or primitive1 b has help$ "s /ruggl+ s\l2 !re has n be5 an idol1 h[ev] wood51 b has answ]$ "s pray]s2 n a feti%1 h[ev] *eap1 b has inspir$ "s believ]4 ,x is ) religions z x is ) h\ses3 ,! poore/ hut or %anty protects "s little ones f ! cold1 ! mo/ rickety ro( %ields f ! /orm "s %iv]+ *ild ( want--ev5 ! hole 9 ! gr\nd into :i* ! savage creeps to escape ! ravages ( ! elem5ts is a refuge4 ,b true z all ?is is1 x /ill rema9s z ! mo/ religions duty ( man to try to replace ^! primitive %elt]s by build+1 z ,oliv] ,w5del ,holmes sugge/s1 m /ately mansions = 8 s\l4 ,ev5 z lib]ty ) little is bett] ?an slav]y ) prosp]ity1 & z ju/ice is m preci\s ?an peace1 tru? is bett] ?an all ! consolations :i* su* f9ancial exclamations z ,o ! glori\s jewel ( ! lotus1 or ,ne>]1 ,my ,god1 to ,!e1 c af=d4 ,we ?ank ,!e1 ,o ,god1 = ! gift ( te>s2 we ?ank ,!e = ! m9i/rations ( pa91 pray$ ! rev]5d com=t]4 ,pa9 & te>s are c]ta9ly among man's tea*]s1 b !y h n be5 an unmix$ good4 ,pa9 has cru%$1 p]haps1 z _m s\ls z x has educat$4 ,h[ _m h come & gone to :om pa9 0 simply pa91 & :o d]iv$ no b5efit f x :atev]8 ,a dispat* f ,port ,ar?ur /ates t ! inmates ( ! hospitals compla9 bitt]ly ( ! he>tlessness ( ! doctors & si/]s ( *>ity1 :o h become s accu/om$ to human suff]+ dur+ ! long siege t !y h lo/ all sympa?y ) _! pati5ts4 ,pa91 !n1 c make p call\s z well z s5sitive2 x c break ! spr+ ( ! he>t z well z /+ ! w into action4 ,b x is n our purpose1 at pres5t1 to "q ! wisdom ( be+ specially & (ficially grateful = ! m9i/rations ( pa92 our object is to inquire :at ! (ficiat+ cl]gyman meant :5 he said1 ,we ?ank ,!e1 ,o ,fa!r1 etc4 ,did he mean x 0 good ( ! ,deity to visit u1 n[ & !n1 ) su* cata/rophes z ! ,iroquois !atre fire8 or1 did he mean t x 0 q consid]ate ( him to make u feel ! horror ( t ev5t suffici5tly z to br+ te>s f our eyes8 ,9 ?ank+ ! ,"l = pa9 z a gift1 are we to und]/& t we owe x solely to 8 lov+ k9dness t we c suff]1 & n to any m]it on our "p8 ,to ?ank anybody = any?+ implies ! receiv+ ( a favor1 & is x ?is cl]gyman's idea t 9 s5d-+ pa9 & suff]+--e>?quakes & floods & t]rible fires :i* 9 "o black h\r de/roys ! lives ( de>e/ *ildr5 ) _! helpless p>5ts or gu>dians--! ,deity is do+ u a favor8 ,let u reflect a mom5t3 ,we ?ank ,!e1 ,o ,fa!r1 etc41 ,does ?is mean t !re 0 a possibility ( ! ,"l )hold+ f u ! m9i/rations ( pa91 & t1 !re=e1 we mu/ be ?ankful to him = n do+ s--= n lett+ u be l ! angels :o live 9 a _w free f evil & error8 ,we _c und]/& :at ! rev]5d doctor means :5 he publicly ?anks ! ,deity = ! m9i/rations ( pa94 ,& w our good neighbor 99 tell u :o he meant by ,o ,fa!r1 & h[ he connects ?is ,fa!r ) ! unutt]able calamity1 ! %ad[ ( :i* /ill d>k5s our human he>ts8 ,ah1 let u be tru?ful4 ,we are soldi]s1 & illusions c only spoil u4 ,we _h s9n$ toge!r1 cont9u$ ! ,rev]5d1 at lea/ someone _h s9n$1 & 'let him )\t s9 ca/ ! fir/ /one1' ,i h n ! he>t to recrim9ate n[1 z ,i _h n !n1 because 9 my own consci5ce ,i /& convict$ be=e ,god ( ! common neglig5ce4 ,we are common s9n]s4 ,:at d ^! words mean8 ,is ! good doctor try+ to exon]ate ,god by lay+ ! entire blame ^u u common s9n]s8 99 ,rev]5d ,lloyd ,jones4 ,! !atre fire 0 9 all probability />t$ by an accid5t :i*1 9 ! abs5ce ( effici5t managem5t on ! /age & 9 ! auditorium1 spread rapidly1 conv]t+ ! build+ 9 a few mom5ts into a *>nel-h\se4 ,:y br+ ! ,deity into ! affair8 ,:at "p1 accord+ to ! doctor1 did ! ,deity play 9 ! ,iroquois fire8 ,did he try to save anybody8 ,did he try to prev5t anybody f be+ rescu$8 ,did he cause ! accid5t8 ,did he put x into someone's m9d to be c>eless8 ,did he confuse ! p & ?r[ !m into a panic purposely8 ,did he fold 8 h&s & /& aside to see ! burn+8 ,did he wi% to help b c\ld n = any moral reasons8 ,did he regret 8 inability to prev5t ! horror8 or 0 he glad x happ5$ because x w\ld tea* u a lesson8 ,did he *oose t special way ( tea*+ u a lesson8 ,_h he inevitable reasons = select+ a ,w$nesday mat9ee1 :5 m *ildr5 w\ld be pres5t1 to puni% u common s9n]s1 :o /& convict$ be=e ,god4 ,if we _c answ] any ( ^! que/ions1 :y d we connect ,god ) ! affair8 ,if we _c say j :at ,god did or did n d 9 ! !atre fire1 :y talk ab\t x8 ,if ?is calamity came ^u u because ( our s9s1 !n1 accord+ to ! mission>y ! ,m>t9ique e>?quake came because ! isl&]s reject$ ! ,prote/ant religion4 ,& ^: s9s 0 ,god puni%+ by ! ,galve/on disa/] or ! ,arm5ian massacres8 ,has x come to ?is t a man _c take a sorr[+1 weep+1 he>t-mangl$ bro!r or si/] by ! h& ) s9c]e & sweet pity1 )\t speculat+ ab\t ! ,deity & 8 my/]i\s moves8 ,rationalism saves u f all ^! contradictions1 & gives u ! consolation ( be+ sane1 ev5 :5 we _c h our he>t's desire4 ,b to ab/a9 f ! wor%ip ( unkn[n be+s1 does n mean to g ?r\gh life )\t an ideal4 ,! feel+ ( long+1 :i* ! poet tells u is ( all ! moods ( m9d1 ! de>e/1 is pres5t 9 e e>ne/ man & woman4 ,to develop our faculties1 to accompli% our tasks1 to realize our hopes1 to rea* aft] our be/ ?\ghts--to labor = ! beautiful yet-to-be--x is ?is hope :i* gives atmosph]e to life1 & makes our prattle eloqu5t4 ,! pursuit ( ! ideal1 ! vision ( a _w void ( wrong1 ( a humanity free & /rong1 ( a _w sweet5$ by ! h>mony ( happy lives1 ( hone/ loves1 ( great wor?1 ( innoc5t joys1--w ev] draw u l a lov+ kiss4 ,ano!r objection m>%all$ aga9/ ,rationalism is t x is too critical1 & t x is n nice to criticise4 ,criticism1 x is argu$1 dwells ^u ! ?+s :i* sep>ate1 m ?an ^u ^? :i* br+ toge!r races & cre$s4 ,x c]ta9ly is m pleasant to talk ( ! unities & ! frat]nities1 in/ead ( ! diff]5ces betwe5 m5 or _! views & ideals4 ,unity is a f9e ?+1 b :5 x is us$ z a %ibbole?1 or z a *eck ^u ! fre$om ( ?\ght & spee*1 x ceases to be desirable4 ,:5 agreem5t is ! product ( unhamp]$ & g5]\s rese>*1 x is good2 b :5 x is desir$ z an excuse = ! fe> to inve/igate1 !n x becomes a cov] = error1 or a plea = peace & h>mony at ! co/ ( tru? & gr[?4 ,! tea*] :o provokes ?\ght ?r\gh criticism is a great] help] ?an he :o by repeat+ set phrases nev] awak5s a new int]e/ 9 u4 ,to sacrifice ev]y?+ = ! sake ( peace & frat]nity w\ld be a loss r ?an a ga94 ,9 ,russia1 = in/ance1 "o has all ! fre$om 9 ! _w1 provid$1 he w speak only well ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,!re w\ld1 inde$1 be h>mony "u ^! conditions1 9 any camp1 b :at w\ld x be wor?8 ,look at my *>ities1 says ! ,ca?olic *ur*--my art1 my music--! magnific5t ca!drals ,i h built1 :i* are l beautiful gall]ies4 ,is x "r to criticise or condemn ! evil practices ( a *ur* t has done s mu* good = civilization8 ,speak1 !n1 ( ! good ! *ur* has done1 & say no?+ ( h] p]secutions & sup]/itions1 & we w all be ( "o accord & ( "o m9d4 ,b w\ld su* a compromise1 ?\gh baptis$ ) ! high-s\nd+ "n ( unity1 help ! cause ( progress8 ,is n progress a de>] ^w ?an unity8 ,is n fre$om m preci\s ?an peace8 ,let u h unity if we c1 b we mu/ gr[1 & we mu/ be free4 ,%all we sell ! tru? t we may h money to be *>itable )8 ,is x "r to sacrifice spee* to sil5ce1 = ! sake ( h>mony8 ,b is x nice to criticise8 ,is x n m g5]\s & ae/hetic to be on good t]ms ) ev]ybody8 ,:at is !re m desirable1 !y say1 ?an to see ! m9i/]s ( ! v>i\s cults--! ,ca?olic prie/1 ! ,prote/ant div9e1 ! ,jewi% rabbi1 ! ,unit>ian m9i/]1 ! ,e?ici/ & ,revivali/1 arm 9 arm1 & on ! same plat=m1 ex*ang+ c\rtesies & prais+ "o ano!r's "w8 ,we are told t :5 we see su* a ga!r+ on "o plat=m1 we c be sure t ! mill5ium has arriv$4 ,b x w be a mill5ium = ! prie/ & ! rabbi1 ! heal] & ! %\t]--!y are ! only ones :o w be b5efit$ by su* a ,p5teco/al assemblage4 ,su* fell[%ip w no d\bt ?r[ its mantle ( sil5ce ov] a great _m evils :i* fe> ! light1 & enc\rage _! au?ors to be defiant & indiff]5t to ! tru?4 ,:]e !re is sil5ce tru? has no advantage ov] error4 ,is x wor? :ile to sacrifice ! mo/ sacr$ privileges ( m5 9 ord] to br+ prie/ & rabbi toge!r8 ,a great cause is (t5 lo/ f ! desire ( its sponsors to be nice4 ,! tea*] :o wants to be nice may manage n to tell any lies1 b he nev] succe$s 9 tell+ any tru?s1 ei!r4 ,he _c af=d to tell ! tru?1 = x may hurt1 & he is n nice if he hurts4 ,:5 he _c tell any?+ pleasant1 he mu/ hold 8 tongue4 ,su* a tea*] is l an acrobat danc+ on a tight rope1 all he c d is to save himself f fall+4 ,!re is no m room 9 mod]n society = a tea*] :o is afraid to hurt ?an !re is = ! physician :o w\ld r humor ! pati5t ?an d 8 duty4 ,&1 yet1 !re are n a few :o trim _! ?\ghts s z to make only fri5ds4 ,if ! :ole tru? %\ld at any "t escape !m by accid5t1 !y ha/5 =?) to qualify x1 or to take back a "p ( x--j to be oblig+ & nice4 ,!re has nev] be5 a re=m] 9 ! _w :o c\ld n h become ! idol ( ! p by foll[+ su* a me?od2 b idols die & turn to du/1 :ile ! h]oism ( ! m>tyr$ s\l is a p]5nial b5$iction4 ,to be nice 0 nev] ! policy ( a really e>ne/ man4 ,if ,jesus 0 a hi/orical p]sonage1 x does n appe> on ! records t he ev] tri$ to be nice--to pat ! prie/s on ! back1 or to tell !m :at good fell[s !y 71 & t :5 he & !y met !y %\ld be c>eful to speak only ( ! ?+s !y agre$ ^u4 ,( c\rse ! inability1 to be nice co/ ,jesus 8 life4 ,8 indep5d5ce nail$ him to ! cross1 b evid5tly he priz$ some?+ else m ?an he did unity4 ,lu!r 0 n v nice :5 he tore ! pope's bull 9 pieces1 & nail$ 8 *all5ge to ,rome on ! *ur* doors :]e ev]ybody c\ld see x4 ,h[ impolite6 ,t1 surely1 0 a poor way to make fri5ds4 ,let u h mascul9e m51 cries ,em]son1 :o 0 himself ?r[n out ( 8 pulpit & 8 *ur*1 because he pref]r$ indep5d5ce to popul>ity4 ,ano!r ?+ :i* ! indep5d5t tea*] does :i* is n nice is t he takes away ! religion ( our mo!rs4 ,:at ab\t tak+ away ! religion ( hea!n mo!rs8 ,:y is x "r to take away ! religion ( a ,*9aman--a religion h&$ d[n to him by 8 "m--& wrong to di/urb ! religion ( an ,am]ican because x 0 8 "m's religion8 ,did n ,prote/antism take away f ! ,ca?olics ! religion ( _! mo!rs8 ,did n ,ca?olics take away f ! pagan ,romans ! religion ( _! mo!rs8 ,is x only tak+ away ! religion ( our mo!rs t is n nice8 ,b ! ,rationali/ is also *>g$ ) be+ negative & n positive4 ,we are told 9 sonor\s language t man _c live on negations4 ,b x is ,or?odoxy t is negative1 n ,rationalism4 ,! fir/ comm&m5t 9 ! ,bible ,god ev] gave man 0 a negative "o3 ,?\ %alt n eat ( ! tree ( k ( good & evil4 ,x d5i$ man fre$om1 & sci5ce4 ,x d5i$ him ! "r to progress4 ,& ev] s9ce ! "o aim ( ! *ur* has be5 to keep man poor 9 _s4 ,rationalism1 on ! contr>y1 removes ! angel ) ! flam+ sword at ! gates ( ,ed51 & invites ev]yone :o hung]s = k to ent] & eat ( ! tree ( life4 ,to "k t a ?+ is n true1 is also tru?4 ,! m9d1 l ! gr\nd1 mu/ be pl[$ & cle>$ be=e x c receive ! tru?4 ,!re c be no tru? )\t ! de/ruction ( error4 ,y\r doctr9e is well en\gh = ! /rong1 b ! weak mu/ h crut*es to walk at all1 & y take away f !m _! crut*es1 is ano!r criticism (t5 advanc$ aga9/ ! ,rationali/4 ,x is relat$ t ,mr4 ,+]soll1 :5 he call$ "o day to see 8 fri5d1 ,mr4 --------1 :o 0 an invalid1 0 confront$ ) an argum5t he 0 unable to meet4 ,z ,i 0 sitt+ 9 my invalid's *air1 began 8 fri5d1 & 0 look+ out ( ! w9d[1 ,i saw a feeble1 old man1 /ruggl+ up ! hill yond]1 ^u 8 crut*es4 ,evid5tly1 he 0 9 pa91 = he mov$ ) extreme c>e & lean$ heavily ^u 8 crut*es4 ,i c\ld tell t 8 crut*es 7 all t su/a9$ him f utt] collapse4 ,!n ,i saw a "y man run aft] him1 & :5 he came up to :]e ! old man 01 he kick$ (f 8 crut*es1 & ! poor fell[ roll$ d[n ! hill1 a p]fect wreck4 ,t 0 an outrage1 ,+]soll exclaim$1 jump+ to 8 feet & walk+ t[>d ! w9d[4 ,:]e is he8 he ask$1 impati5t ) indignation4 ,y are t man1 return$ 8 fri5d4 ,i 0 once a believ]2 my beliefs com=t$ me4 ,y came into my life1 kick$ (f my crut*es1 & n[ ,i sit "h 9 ?is *air1 a desolate & hopeless s\l1 wait+ = ! flame to bl[ out4 ,!re is no m comp>ison betwe5 a tott]+ man lean+ ^u 8 wood5 crut*es1 & a religion claim+ to appeal to ! intellect ( man1 ?an !re is betwe5 a wat* & a univ]se1 to quote ,paley's fam\s argum5t = ! exi/5ce ( a ,god4 ,b1 at any rate1 is x n cruel to knock an old man's crut*es f "u him8 ,let u see4 ,if ! old man ) ! crut*es repres5ts ! feeble-m9d$ believ]s1 ! "q to be answ]$ is1 h[ did !y come to dep5d ^u ! use ( crut*es 9 ! fir/ place8 ,0 x n m cruel to tea* !m to dep5d ^u crut*es8 ,are n ^? :o prev5t ! heal?y developm5t ( ! limbs to enhance ! sale ( crut*es ev5 m cruel ?an ^? :o despise _! use8 ,to br+ a man to a /ate ( dep5d5ce2 to t]rorize him into fe>2 to fett] 8 faculties s t he _c tra9 !m into s]vice2 to arre/ 8 evolution2 to keep him a dw>f1 cl++ l a sc>$ *ild to ! apron /r+s ( 8 lords2 to place 9 8 h&s an icon or a crucifix z 8 only hope--& !n to d5\nce ! tea*]s :o rob ^! poor p ( _! crut*es1 is an argum5t :i* is b\nd to recoil ) fe>ful =ce ^u ! v5d]s ( su* artificial helps4 ,x is l depriv+ a man ( h\se & goods1 & !n provid+ a tatt]$ t5t = 8 %elt]1 & !n say+ to u3 ,w\ld y be s cruel z to pull d[n ! only ?+ t protects 8 poor head f ! elem5ts8 ,yes6 9 ord] t we may awak5 9 him a s5se ( ! wrong & ! oppression & ! deprivation ( :i* he is ! unconsci\s victim4 ,sir ,h5ry ,ma91 9 8 ,popul> ,gov]nm5t1 says1 t1 if x _h be5 put to a vote :e!r ma*9]y1 :5 x 0 fir/ inv5t$1 %\ld be introduc$ into ! factories1 !re w\ld h be5 record$ an ov]:elm+ vote aga9/ its use4 ,x 0 tak+ away f ! poor man 8 crut*es to compel him to compete ) ! iron & /eel4 ,&1 actually1 labor]s ( ! "t1 suff]$ mu* & 7 driv5 to ! wall1 by ! inv5tion ( ma*9]y4 ,b ! tempor>y mis*ief caus$ by ! introduction ( ma*9]y has be5 fully comp5sat$ by its la/+ b5efits to all classes4 ,likewise1 ?is or t believ] may fall & hurt himself :5 8 !ological crut*es h be5 tak5 away f him1 b if !reby 8 *ildr5 & ! future race c be taught to disp5se ) ! use ( s clumsy a contrivance1 altoge!r--:o w\ld hesitate to knock !m (f8 ,0 man meant to be an invalid all 8 life8 ,mu/ all ! g5]ations ( ! future limp & hobble1 to support ! crut* indu/ry8 ,moreov]1 if any invalid c be made to give up 8 crut*es1 t v fact %[s t he did n ne$ !m4 ,gr&ma1 or gr&pa1 mu/ n be di/urb$ 9 _! beliefs1 we he> p argue4 ,we _c di/urb !m1 h[ev] h>d we may try1 unless !y are intellectually virile en\gh to keep !mselves toge!r )\t crut*es4 ,! v fact t we c %ake a man1 %[s he is /rong en\gh to /& ! /ra94 ,we _c induce an invalid to give up 8 crut*es2 :5 we c1 !n1 he is n an invalid4 ,& :at d we give 9 place ( ! crut*es8--! ability to d )\t !m4 ,i h (t5 be5 ask$ ,:y d we n z a ,rationali/ ,society d works ( *>ity1 su* z e/abli%+ neighborhood guilds1 sew+ & ba?+ clubs = ! poor1 free disp5s>ies1 & hospitals8 ,!re are _m :o are already do+ ?is k9d ( "w :atev] its value may be1 b v few :o are ev5 attempt+ to d ! "w :i* we h set out to d1 namely1 to help m5 to use freely & wisely ! noble/ ( all _! gifts--,reason4 ,is t a "w t c be disp5s$ )8 ,& c public ba?s1 & ev5+ classes d m = a man ?an !y w = an animal if 8 ,reason is /ill fett]$4 ,! emigrant f ,russia1 or ,italy1 or ,irel&1 may jo9 all ! guilds & frequ5t all ! night s*ools1 & /ill rema9 a m5tal slave4 ,b he c n take a c\rse 9 ,rationalism1 & cont9ue to cl+ to 8 *a9s4 ,( c\rse1 to make m5 free & enlight5$ is n en\gh4 ,!y mu/ also be help$ to develop ! humanities :i* are ! salt ( life1 b we mu/ fir/ wake him up1 = he c n be sav$ 9 8 sleep4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,rationalism & ! ,_w's ,great ,religions4 ,rationalism does n attack ! religions ( ! _w1 x tries to expla9 !m4 ,b religions d n wi% to be expla9$1 & consequ5tly !y d5\nce ! inve/igator z an enemy ( morals z well z ( religion4 ,reason1 ! !ologians cont5d1 is incapable ( und]/&+ ! div9e my/]ies1 & =gets1 ( c\rse1 t fai? alone c discov] ! hidd5 ?+s ( ,god4 ,b !y d n /op to ?9k t !y are reason+ ev5 :5 !y are giv+ reasons :y we %\ld n reason4 ,beg9n+ ) ! belief 9 ,god1 :i* is ! basic belief 9 ne>ly all religions1 ,rationalism endeavors to %[ ! unreasonabl5ess ( all ! dogmas :i* deal ) ! sup]natural4 ,x is impossible to talk ab\t an inf9ite p]son )\t mak+ "o's self utt]ly un9telligible1 n to say1 absurd4 ,!re is n a s+le /atem5t made ab\t a god1 :i* c be h>moniz$ ) s5se4 ,x is because ! beliefs ab\t ! sup]natural _c be reconcil$ ) reason1--x is because ( ! app>5t absurdity ( ! dogmas ( religion1 t ! cl]gy h _h to resort to fire & blood1--! sc\rge1 ! dungeon1 ! rack1 ! gall[s1 & hell-fire to =ce p to believe 9 !m4 ,!re is no reliable record ( ,god ev] be+ se5 by man4 ,8 voice has nev] be5 he>d4 ,8 =m & expression or :]eab\ts rema9 a my/]y to ?is day4 ,we h no?+ b guesses z to ! k9d ( wor%ip he pref]s1 or :y he %\ld be prais$4 ,& yet1 entire c\ntries h be5 plund]$1 pillag$1 & laid wa/e = no o!r reason ?an t !y held diff]5t views f ours on ! =m or nature ( a ,god :om no man has ev] se51 he>d or compreh5d$4 ,su* is ! extraord9>y folly ( man6 ,all religions are absolutely human 9 orig94 ,!re is n1 & !re has nev] be51 & 9 ! nature ( ?+s !re nev] c be a div9e or sup]human religion--t is to say1 a religion inv5t$ by a god4 ,let u imag9e = ! sake ( argum5t1 h[ev]1 t a god wi%$ to reveal himself to u4 ,:at w\ld be ! probable c\rse he w\ld pursue8 ,w\ld he reveal himself to u z he is1 or only z mu* ( himself z we ne$$ to "k or c\ld compreh5d8 ,to reveal himself to u z he is 9 all ! fulness ( 8 nature w\ld be a moral impossibility1 = ! reason t only a god c\ld fully compreh5d a god4 ,b if he reveal$ to m5 only z mu* ( himself z !y c\ld grasp1 !n _! k ( him mu/ necess>ily be imp]fect4 ,we are reveal+ ourselves to ! animals1 = in/ance1 e day ( our life1 b /ill ! animals1 ow+ to _! limitations1 c nev] "k u z we are1 b only z !y ?9k we are4 ,likewise our k ( sup]natural be+s mu/ be z incomplete z is ! k ( animals conc]n+ man4 ,we see objects z ! /ructure ( our eyes p]mits u to see !m1 or z our m9ds grasp !m4 ,! reflection ( ! sky 9 a drop ( dew is limit$ to ! capacity ( ! dew4 ,ow+ to ?is adaptation ( objects to ! p[]s ( ! obs]v] be=e !y c be obs]v$ at all1 x may be said t objects are se5 n z !y really are b z !y appe> to ! obs]v]4 ,s9ce1 !n1 a div9e revelation _c ov]come ! limitations ( ! f9ite m9d1 ,god c\ld be no m to u ?an :at we ?9k he is1 or 9 o!r words1 :at we make him to be4 ,ano!r pro( t man is ! mak] ( 8 own gods is t 8 gods are nei!r bett] nor worse ?an he is himself4 ,! b>b>ian c nev] conceive ( a civiliz$ diety2 on ! contr>y1 ! ,great ,_s he wor%ips is a projection ( 8 own passions & aspirations--8 own vices & virtues4 ,z he advances 9 ref9em5t & humanity1 8 ,god advances too4 ,if he s9ks into deep] ignorance & brutality1 he drags 8 ,god d[n ) him4 ,! ,god ( ! ,quak] is peaceful2 t ( ! ,hebrew 0 a man ( w>4 ,! ,god ( ! ,negro1 :o has nev] se5 :ite folks1 is necess>ily black4 ,! ,god ( *ildr5 is a *ild-god2 & 9 a society :]e man1 n woman1 is ! rul]1 ,god is a he4 ,n only is man ! mak] ( 8 gods1 b he also keeps !m 9 repair--con/antly remodel+ or ret\*+ !m 9 ord] to pres]ve "s sort ( correspond5ce betwe5 himself & 8 gods4 ,& :y is ! god ( ! ,negro black8 ,because he n only is ignorant ( any o!r color1 b because black is = him ! color ( pref]5ce or ari/ocracy4 ,:5 he becomes acqua9t$ ) :ite p he associates _! color ) ev]y?+ t he fe>s & despises4 ,he !re=e1 z a lat] evolution1 makes 8 devils :ite4 ,! idea ,i wi% to pres5t is t j z man det]m9es ! color ( 8 gods & devils he det]m9es also _! *>act]s4 ,he c only inve/ !m ) su* virtues & vices z he is acqua9t$ )4 ,he c n attribute to !m p[]s :i* he does n covet = himself4 ,9 %ort he is ! mak] ( ! gods he wor%ips & ! devils he fe>s4 ,! pa!tic "p ( all ?is1 h[ev]1 is t ?\gh man makes 8 own gods1 he imag9es t ! gods h made him4 ,he manufactures an image or an idol1 inve/s x ) c]ta9 attributes & p[]s1 & !n1 l a slave1 falls d[n to bite ! du/ be=e 8 own h&iwork4 ,reflect ^u ?is = a mom5t3 ,! ,pope1 = in/ance1 owes e "o ( 8 pr]ogatives to ! v p :o b5d be=e him2 !y make him infallible1 !y seat him on a ?rone1 & place ! ,keys ( ,heav5 & ,hell 9 8 h&s2 yet be=e ?is creature ( _! own vanity or fe> !y behave l a race ( bondsm54 ,:o creat$ ! ,sultan or ! ,cz>8 ,_! own subjects6 ,& yet see h[ ^! ,turks & ,russians creep & crawl be=e ! "w ( _! own h&s4 ,is x n absurd = a pott] to wor%ip 8 own pot8 ,9 view1 !re=e1 ( ! und5iable fact t man makes ! gods he wor%ips1 h[ pitiable to obs]ve ! s]vility & /upidity ) :i* he plays ! sycophant be=e ! images ( 8 own h& or head6 ,not)/&+ ?is self-evid5t tru? t all religions are human 9 orig91 e "o ( !m has claim$ to be f above4 ,l puff$-up or ungrateful *ildr51 ! religions ( ! _w h d5i$ _! real1 ?\gh humble p>5tage1 & h laid claim to a cele/ial bir?4 ,b ! fact t ea* ( ! great religions1 :ile claim+ a sup]natural orig9 = itself1 vehem5tly d5ies x to all o!rs1 r5d]s all su* claims exce$+ly suspici\s4 ,x w\ld be easi] = me1 = in/ance1 to believe t ,god has also spok5 to y1 if he has really spok5 to me4 ,b if he has n spok5 to me1 ,i am apt to consid] ! claim t he has spok5 to y1 z an imp]t95ce4 ,! reason "o inspir$ tea*] calls ano!r an impo/] is t he is n sure ( 8 own inspiration4 ,he judges o!rs' pret5sions to a div9e orig9 by 8 own4 99 ,! refusal ( ! diff]5t religions to believe 9 "o ano!r is a /rong pro( t !y are all equally unwor?y ( belief1 z f> z _! sup]natural claims are conc]n$4 99 ,oato us$ to say t he 0 surpris$ "o soo?say] c\ld keep 8 c\nt5ance :5 he saw ano!r manipulat+1 kn[+ z he did ! impo/ure he 0 practic+4 ,jesus is report$ by ,john ! evangeli/ to h d5\nc$ all :o prec$$ 8 z ?ieves & robb]s4--,gospel accord+ to ,john4 ,!re is a ,h9doo leg5d t ,kri%na1 ! son ( ,god1 once %[$ himself to a gr\p ( "y ladies :o 7 s *>m$ ) 8 h&some face & figure t n only did ea* ( ! "y ladies wi% to dance ) him1 b ea* insi/$ t no "o else %\ld enjoy ! same privilege1 :]eupon ,kri%na f\nd himself 9 an emb>rass+ position4 ,he 0 will+ en\gh to dance ) ! girls1 b did n wi% to inflame _! jeal\sly1 s call+ ^u 8 res\rces1 he imm$iately multipli$ himself into z _m ,kri%nas z !re 7 maid5s1 & danc$ ) ea* & e "o ( !m1 tak+ pa9s h[ev] to leave ! impression ) ea* "y woman t %e alone _h danc$ ) ! god4 ,s ea* religi\s prophet imag9es t ! ,"l has n danc$ ) anybody b himself4 ,! reluctance ( ! prophets to believe 9 "o ano!r %[s h[ difficult x is = u to asc]ta9 to :i* ( !m ! revelation has be5 made4 ,! only way a special revelation c\ld be giv5 w\ld be ?r\gh an individual--a ,moses1 a ,mohamm$1 a ,jesus1 etc4 ,b if we ourselves are n inspir$1 h[ are we to tell :i* tea*] is tell+ ! tru?8 ,if we are to use our own reason to decide ?is mom5t\s "q1 :y1 !n1 d we ne$ a revelation8 ,tell me1 ,i pray y1 0 x fair 9 ,god to h express$ himself privately to "s individual1 & !n to h left x to u to decide :e!r said individual 0 or 0 n inspir$8 ,& a revelation1 ! tru? or untru? ( :i* has to be asc]ta9$ by ! ex]cise ( human reason c claim no sup]iority to human reason4 ,x foll[s !n unmi/akably t a revelation is impossible s9ce x is we :o h to decide :e!r or n x is a revelation4 ,ev5 z we create ! gods1 we create also ! bibles ( ! _w4 ,besides ! o/5sible purpose ( a revelation is to make ?+s cle>1 or to *ange our ignorance into k4 ,h ! diff]5t revelations ( ! _w done ?is8 ,h !y n1 on ! contr>y1 add$ to ! p]plexities ( ! m9d8 ,a god :o reveals himself to an individual privately & !n leaves x to u to decide :e!r said individual has or has n receiv$ a revelation in/ead ( reliev+1 increases our emb>rassm5t4 ,if x be argu$ t we %\ld h fai?1 ,i answ] 9 :i* "o ( ! prophets8 ,%all we h fai? 9 ! "o our p>5ts believ$1 9 ! "o ( ! c\ntry we 7 born 91 9 ! "o :o agrees ) u1 or 9 ! "o :o c =ce u to accept him8 ,moreov]1 if fai? c make "o prophet inspir$1 :y n ano!r8 ,if fai? c make ,jesus div9e1 :y n ,mohamm$8 ,x is our purpose to %[ t nei!r gods nor reveal$ religions c be a prop] subject ( /udy1 & :at _c be a subject ( /udy _c be an object ( fai?4 ,we d n d5y ! gods1 = we "k no?+ ab\t !m to be able to make any reasonable /atem5t conc]n+ !m2 we simply dismiss !m f our ?\ght4 ,b :ile ! sup]natural has no int]e/ = ! ,rationali/1 he is v mu* int]e/$ 9 ! int]pretations :i* m5 h giv5 ( x1 & ! mann] 9 :i* !y h built up a sy/em ( morals & a philosophy ( life ^u x4 ,! great tea*]s & f\nd]s ( religions are prop] subjects bo? = criticism & comm5dation4 ,be+ m5 !y _c claim immunity f a free & fe>less exam9ation ( _! tea*+s4 ,! m hone/ a tea*] is1 ! m will+ he is to be inve/igat$1 & no?+ prejudices u m aga9/ a tea*] ?an 8 refusal to be que/ion$4 ,he :o w h no judge b himself1 condemns himself1 says ! prov]b4 ,b to reg>d ^! tea*]s z m51 only1 is to dive/ !m also ( all ! magical p[]s :i* a fond cr$ulity has ascrib$ to !m4 ,a tea*] :o seeks conv]ts to 8 religion by cur+ a horse1 z ,zoroa/] is suppos$ to h done1 or by *ang+ a /ick into a s]p5t1 z ,moses claims he did1 or wat] into w9e1 z ,jesus is believ$ to h done1 in/ead ( sav+ ! _w1 degrades x4 ,we insult our tea*]s :5 we ascribe to !m miracul\s p[]s su* z walk+ on ! wat]1 multiply+1 loaves & rais+ ! dead4 ,all ! wond]s ( ! _w _c make :at is bad1 good1 or :at is false1 true4 ,a tea*] :o has a falsehood :i* he wi%es to pass = ! tru? may resort to a miracle2 b :y %\ld an hone/ s\l und]take to w9 conv]ts by un9telligible p]=mances8 ,if physical & ma!matical tru? c1 unaid$1 comm& univ]sal ass5t1 :y %\ld !re be signs & wond]s to ma9ta9 moral or intellectual tru?s8 ,moreov]1 if a tea*] has p[] to /op ! sun1 has he n ! p[] to make p see ! tru? )\t a miracle8 ,if he c raise ! dead1 c he n lift ! human m9d out ( error )\t ! aid ( extraord9>y ph5om5a8 ,resort+ to miracles to conv]t p1 proves1 n ! p[]1 b ! despair ( ! tea*]4 ,he :o c comm& foll[]s rely+ solely ^u ! tru? ( 8 tea*+ is1 & rema9s =ev]1 a great] moral & intellectual =ce ?an he :o is driv5 to surprise & bewild] 8 he>]s be=e he c conv]t !m4 99 99 ,to aim to conv]t a man by miracle is a pr(anation4 --,em]son ,& n[ be=e we c make an e/imate ( ! _w's lead+ religions1 we mu/ try to arrive at "s sort ( an agreem5t z to :at we w\ld consid] ! greate/ virtue1 & :at ! greate/ vice 9 religion4 ,!re w be no objection1 on ! "p ( my read]s1 to ! /atem5t t ! mo/ he9\s ( all vices 9 any religion is cruelty4 ,!re is n a crime or an error :i* is n made worse by cruelty--or s(t5$ by ! abs5ce ( x4 ,cruelty is ! mo/ inexcusable1 ! mo/ inhuman1 ! mo/ unreasonable1 ! mo/ degrad+1 & ! mo/ deadly ( ! vices t human nature is heir to4 ,cruelty is consummate wick$ness4 ,x is ! passion ( ! bad because x is bad4 ,x is do+ evil f pleasure1 ,?9k1 !n1 :at a s]i\s ?+ x is = a religion purport+ to be div9e to recomm5d ! halt]1 ! fire-br& & ! sword1 = in/ance1 aga9/ all :o d n subscribe to its dogmas4 ,) su* a religion 9 =ce1 x w n be necess>y to inv5t a devil1 = man1 himself1 "u its influ5ce1 mu/ develop into a fi5d ( hate & cruelty1 )]+ all he comes 9 contact )1 z ! fro/ black5s all x bites4 ,x is admitt$ t !re is an elem5t ( cruelty 9 almo/ all ! religions ( ! _w2--?\gh ( ,buddhism x has be5 claim$ t dur+ its ne>ly tw5ty-five c5turies ( exi/5ce1 x has n kill$1 mu* less tortur$ a s+le human be+ 9 ! "n ( religion4 ,t is c]ta9ly an enviable record4 ,x %\ld compel ! hot flu% ( %ame to ! *eek ( ^? p]secut+ ,fai?s :i* h %$ en\gh human blood to incam>d9e ! multitud9\s seas4 ,z ,buddhism is "o ( ! num]ically /rong] religions ( ! _w1 & z x has help$ to %ape ! beliefs & practices recomm5d$ by ! m rec5t cre$s1 a brief exam9ation ( its fundam5tal doctr9e w\ld assi/ u 9 mak+ an e/imate ( its moral wor? & may be useful to ?is discussion4 ,:at is ! tea*+ :i* makes ( ,buddhism a di/9ctive religion8 ,life is an evil1 taught ! ,h9du re=m]4 ,to desire life is ! acme ( immorality accord+ to ?is doctr9e = x is to desire t :i* is evil4 ,desire is ! soil 9 :i* spr+ up all ! noxi\s we$s :i* *oke to dea? ! fl[] ( happ9ess4 ,to cease to desire is to conqu] fre$om f suff]+4 ,salvation accord+ to ,buddhism consi/s 9 w9d+ up & seal+ =ev] ! book ( life1 leav+ n ! remote/ possibility = any fre% life to spr+ up aga94 ,?is pessimism1 :i* :ile x has attractions = ! speculative & sup9e ,ori5tal1 is ju/ly abhorr$ by ! creative & ev]-y\?ful ,european4 ,! important "q is n1 ,is life wor? liv+8 b ,h[ c life be made wor? liv+1 s9ce live we mu/8 ,:ile !re=e ,buddha taught a scrupul\s morality1 :ile 8 own "* /&s out z "o ( ! noble/1 & :ile 8 tea*+s h made c\ntless millions g5tle & peaceful1 nev]!less1 !re is 9 ?is milde/ ( religions1 mu* t is positively h>mful4 ,! ,buddhi/ conception ( life ) its blight+ pessimism :i* recomm5ds non-resi/ance to evil1 has empti$ a cont95t ( its vigor & conv]t$ x into a des]t4 ,! tea*+ ( or?odox ,buddhism may be lik5$ to ! advice :i* a sea capta91 driv5 by despair1 might give to 8 m5 on deck--to s9k ! %ip 9 ord] to escape ! /orm4 ,!n aga9 ! ,buddhi/ doctr9e ( re9c>nation z an endless *a9 ( nightm>es1 dragg+ man ?r\gh un5d+ bir?s to ! va/ void night1 has caus$ untold agony ( m9d & body4 ,?is gloomy view has made life1 = millions ( p1 a mis=tune1 love a crime1 & ! e>?1 a hell6 ,! believ]s 9 transmigration or re9c>nation =get t ! sci5tific view ( man leaves no room = any?+ to migrate4 ,:at sci5ce und]/&s by s\l is ! ^w :i* expresses ! functions1 includ+ bra9 activity & ! circulation ( ! blood4 ,:5 ^! cease !re is no s\l to g any:]e4 ,nei!r c\ld re9c>nation produce ! moral discipl9e claim$ by its advocates4 ,x is no puni%m5t to return to ! _w 9 a l[] =m ( life1 s9ce !re is no memory1 cle> & r++1 ( a =m] & high] exi/5ce4 ,moreov]1 ! l[] =ms ( life are m call\s & n at all consci\s ( deflection f a bett] /&>d4 ,if a cruel man becomes a tig]1 x w\ld be giv+ him a bett] *ance to be m cruel4 ,unless ! animal c rememb] 8 humanity1 he c n be discipl9$ by a desc5t into a l[] /age ( be+44 ,b ! ,buddhi/ hell1 fe>ful ?\gh x is1 is1 =tunately1 n ev]la/+4 ,ov] its gap+ m\? is spread ! ra9b[ ar* ( ,nirvana1 t is to say1 deliv]ance = all f e =m ( suff]+1 9 sleep--et]nal sleep1 :i* w1 "s day1 accord+ to ?is religion1 fold an a*+ _w on its cool & calm bosom4 ,! vice ( ,buddhism !n is its exagg]ation ( ! tr\bles ( life--its deprecation ( ! opportunities = ! pursuit ( tru? & goodness :i* life (f]s4 ,by dwell+ too long & too (t5 ^u ! ?orns1 ,buddhism becomes bl9d to ! rose :i* is z real z ! ?orns4 ,& aga9 ?is ,ori5tal tea*] set up an unatta9able ideal :5 he dem&$ ! eradication ( all desire f ! human s\l4 ,man c only *ange 8 desires2 he _c cease to desire4 ,n to desire is also a desire--a desire to be free f desire4 ,! virtue :i* we admire mo/ 9 ,buddha's doctr9e is g5tl5ess4 ,buddha is said to h be5 ( all great lead]s ! mo/ compassionate4 ,he trembl$ to cause pa9 to ! lea/ ( s5ti5t ?+s4 ,! birds1 ! fi%es1 ! crawl+ worms1 z well z man1 he look$ ^u z 8 bro!rs4 ,buddhism might be call$ ! ,religion ( ,pity4 ,!re is little d\bt b t :]ev] ,buddhism triumph$ !re w> & p]secution1 two ( ! mo/ abom9able in/itutions ( all "t1 practically disappe>$4 ,x is ) feel+s ( undivid$ admiration t ,i n[ come to speak ( ,confucius--! only ,rationali/ among ! immortals ( anci5t times4 ,if ! o!r f\nd]s ( ,fai?s owe _! reign ov] ! m9ds ( m51 9 "p at lea/1 to ! wond]ful miracles attribut$ to !m1 ,confucius1 on ! contr>y1 owes 8 increas+ reputation to ! complete abs5ce ( ! sup]natural f 8 life & doctr9es4 ,he has conqu]$ ! ages by 8 common s5se4 ,& 8 sanity assures = him a future :i* we c n safely pr$ict = ! o!rs4 ,omitt+ a hi/orical sket* ( ! great ,*9ese tea*]1 & conf9+ ourselves briefly to an exposition ( 8 philosophy or religion1 we notice at once t ,confucianism devotes itself exclusively to ?is _w--to ! n[ & "h4 ,?is is v rem>kable :5 we rememb] h[ all ! o!r tea*]s made ! _w to come1 t is to say1 "s invisible & undiscov]$ _w ! pr9cipal !me ( _! prea*+4 ,to lose ?is _w t we may w9 ! next 0 ! burd5 ( ! tea*+ ( bo? ,buddha & ,jesus4 ,b ! great ,*9aman completely ignor$ ! s-call$ next _w1 & direct$ all 8 ef=ts t[>d ! enlight5m5t ( man conc]n+ ! _w t n[ is4 ,x w readily be se5 :at a radical diff]5ce !re is betwe5 ,confucius & 8 colleagues4 ,:5 !y spoke ( gods1 ,confucius spoke ( man2 :5 !y ask$ = fai?1 ,confucius recomm5d$ k2 :5 !y deliv]$ my/]ies1 ,confucius pres5t$ facts4 ,) p]fect propriety we may call ,confucius ! fir/ apo/le ( secul>ism4 ,n[ secul>ism is ! v opposite ( sup]naturalism1 & z ! _w is becom+ m & m secul>1 t is to say1 practical & humanit>ian1 ,confucius is ! only "o among ! great sages :o is z mu* mod]n z he is anci5t4 ,9 ! tea*+ ( ,confucius we d n f9d ! lea/ sugge/ion ( ev5 s mu* z a ,buddhi/ hell4 ,! religion taught by ,confucius is ! lea/ !ological ( any ,ori5tal cult4 ,confucius 0 a tea*]1 n a prie/4 ,he work$ no miracles1 deliv]$ no inspir$ oracles1 dealt 9 no my/]ies1 claim$ no sup]natural p[]s1 did n ?9k t ! less s5se !re 0 9 a religion ! m div9e x w\ld be1 & made no attempt to allure ) future promises1 or to fright5 ) hell-fire 8 he>]s4 ,9 ! long annals ( a pa/ mu/y ) age & *ok+ ) sup]/itions innum]able1 ! page on :i* is inscrib$ ! "n ( ?is sane/ ( all ,asiatics is ! faire/ & free/ f cant & rant4 ,! "n ( ,zoroa/] takes u back to a v remote p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( our humanity4 ,x has be5 conjectur$ t :5 he began 8 c>e] z a religi\s tea*] he f\nd 8 p1 ! ,p]sians1 wor%ip+ ! pr9ciple ( ,evil1 or ,ahriman1 ! ,p]sian "n = ,devil4 ,:ile ,zoroa/] 0 unable to wean 8 p f ,ahriman1 he did succe$ 9 supplem5t+ ! fe> ( ! devil ) ! love ( ,god or ,ormuzd1 ! pr9ciple ( goodness4 ,! dualism is ! di/+ui%+ *>act]i/ic ( ! religion f\nd$ by ,zoroa/]1 & is also its contribution to ne>ly all ! o!r religions2 = we f9d 9 ,judaism1 ,*ri/ianity & ,mohamm$anism ! same fundam5tal belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( a ,god inv>iably accompani$ by 8 rival--! ,devil4 ,:at ! "o creates1 ! o!r de/roys2 :at ! "o m5ds1 ! o!r m>s2 ,god makes ! light1 ! ,devil ! d>kness2 ,god k9dles ! flame1 ! ,devil tries to turn x into smoke2 ,god is omnipot5t 9 wisdom1 ! ,devil is equally res\rceful 9 mis*ief4 ,zoroa/rianism or ,mazdaism1 !n1 is ! p>5t ( dualism1 namely1 ( ! et]nal /ruggle betwe5 ^! two ar*p[]s = ! possession ( man4 ,)\t d5y+ to ,zoroa/] ! "n ( re=m]1 & also ( empire-build]1--= d\btless 8 s]vices contribut$ to ! political expansion ( ,p]sia1 mak+ h] on l& & sea1 "o ( ! great p[]s ( anci5t times1 & duly ackn[l$g+ ! beg9n+s ( a high morality 9 ! collect$ scriptures call$ ! ,ave/as1 attribut$ to 8 p51--we are compell$ by ! evid5ce to *>ge ! religion ( ,zoroa/]1 t is to say1 ! religion ( dualism1 ( a ,god plus a ,devil1 ) hav+ inv5t$1 s to speak1 ! awful doctr9e ( hell1 & !re=e ( religi\s p]secution4 ,x 0 a natural consequ5ce ( ! belief 9 a ,god oppos$ by a ,devil to make w> ^u all :o 7 n on ! side ( ,god4 ,& z ! prophet is himself inv>iably ! vic> or ! apo/le ( ,god1 x foll[$ t all ^? :o refus$ ob$i5ce to 8 w 7 9 opposition to ! ,deity & %\ld be suppress$1 ev5 z ,god is try+ to suppress ! ,devil1 8 antagoni/4 ,:5 we approa* ! ,jewi%-,*ri/ian fai?1 we f9d ! d>k /ream ( religi\s p]secution1 :i* _h its s\rce 9 ,zoroa/rianism1 gr[n into a rag+ sea4 ,! ?ree religions1 ,judaism1 ,*ri/ianity & ,mohamm$anism1 be> to "o ano!r ! relation ( p>5t & *ildr54 ,*ri/ianity is ! eld]1 & ,mohamm$anism ! y\ng] daught] ( ,judaism4 ,! pr$om9ant trait1 :i* is common to !m all1 is exclusiv5ess4 ,x is impossible to be humanit>ian or univ]sal & exclusive at ! same "t1 :i* is ano!r way ( say+ t1 :]e ! _s ( exclusiv5ess holds sway1 !re religi\s tol]ation w be consid]$ a crime1 bo? aga9/ ,god & ! ,/ate4 ,( c\rse 9 all ?ree ( ^! fai?s are to be f\nd passages :i* seem to possess an acc5t ( univ]sality4 ,b x is a univ]sality condition$ on ! conv]sion ( ! :ole _w to ! fai? 9 "q4 ,my h\se %all be a h\se ( pray] = all nations1 writes ! ,jewi% prophet1 b obs]ve x says1--,my h\se1--:i* means t ! :ole _w w come to wor%ip 9 a ,jewi% temple4 ,x does n mean t ,pagan & ,*ri/ian1 )\t embrac+ ! ,jewi% fai?1 may ea* wor%ip 8 own ,*ri/ 9 a ,jewi% synagogue4 ,x is 9 ?is same _s t ! ,mohamm$an ?r[s op5 8 mosque1 & ! ,*ri/ian 8 ca!dral to ! :ole _w4 ,bro!rhood 9 ^! religions is limit$ to ^? ( ! true fai?4 ,! misbeliev] is an ali5 to :om x is a s9 ev5 to say ,god spe$4 ,int]m>riage is =bidd5 ) a view to emphasize ! fact t only ?r\gh conv]sion c a /rang] become a fri5d or a bro!r4 ,su* exclusiv5ess 0 b\nd to bre$ hatr$ & p]secution4 ,& z m5 make _! gods1 an exclusive p w h an exclusive god4 ,! ,bible conception ( ,god is "o ( ! mo/ repellant 9 religi\s lit]ature4 ,we may say x is ! lea/ successful attempt at god-mak+ on record4 ,! ?ree religions we h nam$ h all "o & ! same ,god1 ) only unimportant v>iations4 ,! au?ors ( ! ,bible seem to h labor$ "u ! impression t to make _! ,god acceptable !y _h only to make him int5sely p>tisan4 ,"o :o loves 8 own only4 ,b !y h made him1 necess>ily1 z t]rible z he is exclusive4 ,he is n only call$ a jeal\s ,god1 b also a consum+ fire1 a man ( w>4 ,x is expressly /at$ t ,he is angry e day4 ,! ,engli% translators h int]polat$ ! words--) ! wick$1--b ! orig9al z r5d]$ into ,lat91 ,g]man1 ,fr5* & o!r languages1 %[s pla9ly t ! editors ( ,k+ ,james' ,v]sion took undue lib]ties ) ! text4 ,! ,revis$ ,v]sion has dropp$ ! words ) ! wick$1 & ! text n[ conveys ! same mean+ 9 ! ,engli% ,bible z 9 ! ,g]man1 :i* reads3 ,und e9 ,gott1 d] tagli* dirauet1 & 9 ! ,fr5*1 ,la col]e ! ,dieu e/ t\j\rs prete a eclat]4 ,irascitur p] s+ulos dies1 are ! words 9 ! ,vulgate4 ,to please 8 mak]s ! ,god ( ! ,jew1 ! ,*ri/ian & ! ,mohamm$an ord]s ! ext]m9ation ( all :o object to be conv]t$3 ,& ?\ %alt consume all ! p :i* ! ,"l ?y ,god %all deliv] !e3 ?9e eye %all h no pity ^u !m4 ,ea* ( ! ?ree religions1 un=tunately1 has be5 too will+ to obey to ! lett] ?is unfrat]nal injunction introduc$ into ! m\? ( ! ,deity by ! prie/hood4 ,z ! au?ors ( ! above text claim$ to be inspir$ ! prie/s ( ^! ?ree religions h %$ m blood ?an all ! tyrants put toge!r4 ,?is is a fe>ful b absolutely j indictm5t aga9/ ! ,jewi%-,*ris-tian-,mohamm$an religion4 ,b conf9+ = a mom5t our rem>ks to ,*ri/ianity alone1 x mu/ be admitt$ t 9 spite ( its doctr9e ( hell1 x has c]ta9 r$eem+ features ab\t x :i* are ( und\bt$ pagan orig9 & :i* we d n f9d 9 ,judaism4 ,! advantage ( ,*ri/ianity ov] ,judaism consi/s 9 ! =m]'s g5]\s ef=ts to save ! :ole _w1 irrespective ( race or color1 f ! doom ( hell4 ,?is is ! contribution ( ! ,g5tile to ,*ri/ianity4 ,! words ( ,jesus1 ,g ye into all ! _w & prea* ! ,gospel to e creature1 7 9 all probability put 9 8 m\? by a ,g5tile4 ,:at ,jesus really said1 if1 inde$1 we c be sure ( any?+ t he said1 01 ,g n into ! cities ( ! ,g5tiles1 assur+ !m at ! same "t t ! _w w\ld come to an end be=e !y _h ev5 f9i%$ prea*+ to ! lo/ %eep ( ,israel4 ,jesus z a ,jew %>$ ! belief ( 8 p t none are belov$ be=e ,god b ,israel4 ,x 0 ! ,greek & ,lat9 g5ius t made ( ,*ri/ianity m ?an m]ely ano!r4 ,jewi% sect1 by brea?+ into x z mu* ( its univ]salism z a dogmatic religion w\ld admit ,( c\rse1 ! be/ s]vice :i* paganism r5d]$ ,*ri/ianity 0 to introduce into x a new ,god--! man ,god z aga9/ ! all-,god ,jehovah--:o1 by p]sonal sacrifices1 conqu]$ = ! :ole _w an opportunity to be sav$4 ,*ri/1 z a second>y ,god--or a junior ,god--0 ! revolt ( ! ,g5tile _w aga9/ ! ,jewi% ,deity4 ,:atev] good ,*ri/ianity has done is due to ?is rebellion :i* culm9at$ 9 compell+ ! dread ,jehovah to admit ! man-,god into full & equal p>tn]%ip ) him4 ,! ,jews call ?is blasphemy2 b ,*ri/ianity1 inspir$ by ! ,hell5ic & ,lat9 g5ius1 weak5$ ! div9ity by divid+ x into ?ree--lat] into f\r1 by ! addition ( a woman to ! numb]4 ,9 ?is alone1 namely1 9 mak+ a new ,god1 & ?us tak+ f ! old solit>y deity _m ( 8 anci5t & ,semitic pr]ogatives1 ,*ri/ianity has prov$ its great] sympa?y ) paganism ?an ) ,judaism4 ,ano!r lead+ trait ( ^! ?ree religions is _! fe> & hatr$ ( fre$om ( ?\ght ,to p]petuate _! own p[] ! prie/s ( ?is family ( religions f\nd x necess>y to suppress1 at fir/ by ?reats ( div9e puni%m5ts1 & :5 ^! fail$1 by =ce ( arms1 all inquiry4 ,fai?1 :i* meant unque/ion+ acquiesc5ce1 0 ( ,god2 ,sci5ce1 :i* meant inve/igation1 0 ( ! ,devil4 ,! ag5ts ( ?is gr\p ( religions :i* betwe5 !m h held ,europe1 ,am]ica & a great "p ( ,asia & ,africa captive = _m c5turies1 prompt$ _! ,god to solemnly decl>e 9 infallible docum5ts1 t a fa!r %\ld n hesitate to kill 8 own son1 or a son 8 own fa!r2 t a "m %\ld de/roy h] *ild1 & ! *ild its "m1--to prev5t !m f pr(ess+ or foll[+ ano!r religion4 ,x is impossible to br+ a m horrible accusation aga9/ a set ( m54 ,! wor/ ?+ t we c say aga9/ ! pr(ession ( ! law or ( m$ic9e1 pales into insignificance :5 comp>$ ) ?is specim5 ( ! inhumanity ( ! prie/hood4 ,! day ( judgm5t is "h1 & ! f\nd]s ( ^! ?ree religions are summon$ to answ] at ! b> ( humanity1 awak5$ f sleep1 = ! :olesale massacres :i* h dipp$ ! _w 9 blood1 = ! ,spani% & ,scotti% inquisitions1 & = ! sect>ianism & hatr$ :i* conv]t$ m5 ( ! same race & c\ntry into implacable enemies & p]secutors ( "o ano!r4 ,! religi\s comm5tators def5d ! respective scriptures ( ^! religions by say+ t _! tea*+s 7 limit$ to ! m5tal level ( ! times & ! peoples4 ,b if ,god _h to desc5d to ! plane ( man & become brutal & bigot$ l him1 h[ 0 man b5efit$ by 8 int]c\rse ) ! div9e8 ,fur!rmore1 if ! m5tal & moral limitations ( a p det]m9e ! "* ( revelation1 :at advantage is !re 9 hav+ a revelation8 ,moreov]1 because a *ild _c compreh5d algebra1 is x "r to tea* him t "o & "o make ?ree8 ,is ! inability ( ! primitive man to appreciate ! high] virtues ( g5]osity1 ju/ice & fell[%ip ) ali5s1 an excuse to comm& him to ext]m9ate 8 neighbors1 99 to be> false witness1 9999 to practice immorality1 to plund]1 to be cruel & cr$ul\s8 999999 ,if a revelation _c civilize a b>b>ian1 :at is its value8 99 ,deut4 #g3 #af1 etc4 9999 ,j]4 #d3 #aj2 ,i4 ,k+s #bb3 #bc2 ,ezek4 #ad3 #i1 etc4 999999,exod4 #ab3 #he1 #cf2 ,i4 ,sam4 #af3 #a1 #b12 ,exod4 #a2 #ah-bj1 etc4 ,b :ile d5\nc+ intol]ance we mu/ n become intol]ant ourselves4 ,) all _! faults ^! ?ree religions h be51 9 _! day1 ( consid]able s]vice to ! _w4 ,we may ju/ly say ( !m t hav+ done all ! bad & all ! good ( :i* !y 7 capable x is "t = !m to /ep aside & leave ! field to sci5ce4 ,am ,i ask$ :at good ^! religions h done8 ,i answ]3 ,!y h taught man sci5ce by =bidd+ x4 ,x may s\nd /range1 b religion ar\s$ human curiosity1 :i* aga9 discov]$ sci5ce4 ,! "t came :5 man 0 n satisfi$ ) in=mation only ab\t ! next _w1 ab\t spirits & demons1 ab\t my/]ies & div9e attributes2 he ask$ also in=mation ab\t ?is _w1 ab\t man1 ! pa/ hi/ory ( ! e>? & s =?4 ,j z by seek+ ! philosoph]'s /one m5 discov]$ *emi/ry1 & by ! way ( a/rology !y came to ! sci5ce ( a/ronomy1 & by ! way ( sorc]y & magic to ! k ( m$ic9e1--s did !ology develop into philosophy4 ,religion also mu/ be cr$it$ ) hav+ be5 ! fir/ to give man a sy/em ( ?\ght4 ,n[ a sy/em1 h[ev] crude1 is a "w ( art4 ,x is a creation4 ,x is a putt+ toge!r ( ideas & beliefs = ! purpose ( arriv+ at a conclusion4 ,?us religion taught man to ?9k connect$ly1 to see ! relation ( ?+s1 & to ?9k = a purpose1 t is to say1 to reason4 ,! savage has ideas too1 b he c n put !m toge!r1 he c n classify or sy/ematize !m4 ,!re has be5 iron 9 ! b[els ( ! e>?1 & ly+ on ! surface 9 _m places = long ages1 b only :5 man c\ld give %ape & =m to x did he ent] ! pa? ( civilization4 ,9 ! same s5se1 n until man c\ld =ge1 fuse & comb9e 8 ideas into a sy/em ( "s k9d1 did he beg9 8 intellectual evolution4 ,religion />t$ civilization by enabl+ man to put 8 ideas toge!r4 ,ev5 z ! worm 0 ! prophecy ( ! com+ man1 ! cre$ 0 ! beg9n+ ( sci5ce4 ,let u see if we _c make ?is idea a little cle>]3 ,all religions repres5t ! ef=t ( ! human m9d to und]/& itself & its environm5t4 ,at ! core ( e religion1 h[ev] crude1 !re is a philosophy1--t is to say1 e belief1 be x ev] s fooli%1 has a mean+1 & at "o "t 0 a help to man4 ,! savage c>ries a feti% on 8 p]son to secure himself aga9/ evil4 ,! civiliz$ man crosses himself 9 ! pres5ce ( dang]4 ,bo? practices embody a tru?1 & x is ! prov9ce ( criticism to def9e t tru?4 ,:5 ! turban$ ,ori5tal1 /&+ 9 8 mosque1 pron\nces ! "n ( ,allah ) su* awe & joy1 :at is x he means8 ,9 8 grop+ way he is aim+ to be sci5tific2 he is try+ 8 h& at philosophy2 he wi%es to put 8 f+] ^u ! n]ve ( ! univ]se2 he is try+ to br+ ! multif>i\s =ces ( nature ab\t him into a focus2 he is try+ to evolve h>mony out ( *aos1--music out ( ! discord & babel ( life2 & he ?9ks he has succe$$1 :5 he has pron\nc$ ! ^w ,allah6 ,( c\rse1 8 philosophy is t ( a beg9n]1 b x is a philosophy1 nev]!less4 ,he is an embryo sci5ti/1 tak+ 8 fir/ lesson 9 logical reason+4 ,t is ! tru? at ! he>t ( all religions :i* we mu/ recognize4 ,!y repres5t ! desire ( man to make ?+s cle> to 8 intellig5ce1 & to wre/ life's secret f ! univ]se4 ,man seeks k because 9 ! consci\sness ( k !re is happ9ess & p[]4 ,! /ra9 ( ignorance is intol]able to him4 ,d>kness emb>rasses 8 m9d & he seeks ! light by in/9ct4 ,! primitive man1 = in/ance1 al>m$ by ! ?+s he did n und]/&1 propos$ explanation aft] explanation1 9 8 ef=t to ?r[ (f ! d>kness f 8 m9d4 ,:5 ! sky fr[n$ ^u him & ! w9ds wail$ 9 8 e>s1 he did n "k :at to make ( !m1 & felt insecure until he c\ld satisfy himself t he und]/ood h[ & :y ! d>k cl\ds swept ov] ! face ( ! skies & ! w9ds moan$ ab\t 8 dwell+4 ,he felt reliev$ :5 he believ$ t he _h grasp$ ! situation4 ,8 explanation t ! sun & ! w9d 7 free ag5ts1 l himself1 act+ f *oice1 z he ?\ght he did1 0 a v crude "o1 b x 0 an explanation1 all ! same1 & = ! "t be+ prov$ helpful to him4 ,f ! v beg9n+1 man has %[n a hung] = k1 :i* has put 8 m9d 9 action4 ,religion1 !n1 is man's fir/ attempt at sci5tific & philosophical ?9k+4 ,religion is1 9 a s5se1 ! prim] ( sci5ce & philosophy4 ,! mi/ake we make is to decl>e ?is prim] infallible4 ,we take ! fir/ composition ( ! *ild1 s to speak--8 fir/ prattle 9 ! pres5ce ( ! univ]se--& pron\nce x inspir$4 ,:5 ,moses1 or :oev] wrote ! fir/ *apt]s ( ! book ( ,g5esis1 describ$ h[ man & woman 7 fa%ion$1 he 0 try+ to be sci5tific1 9 8 mode/ way4 ,b ! be/ explanation t 8 m5tality c\ld produce 0 t ,god took "s clay f ! gr\nd & knead$ x into ! =m ( man1 & f "o ( ! ribs ( ?is man he =m$ woman4 ,x is n 8 sci5ce we comm5d2 x is 8 desire to expla9 man's orig9 t honors him1 = out ( t desire1 philosophy1 sci5ce1--progress--are born4 ,b !re is ano!r tru? hidd5 9 ! bosom ( all religions :i* x is ! mission ( philosophy to disclose4 ,! fir/ tru? ,i call$ y\r att5tion to 0 t ! primitive beliefs ( man repres5t$ 8 ef=t to und]/& ! _w & himself2 ! second tru? is t all ! religi\s rites & c]emonies1 ! mo/ sup]/iti\s ( !m1 embody likewise a tru?2--!y repres5t ! ef=t ( man to get ! control ( ! univ]se into 8 own h&s4 ,if today we possess any p[] ov] ! res\rces & =ces ( nature1 if we c utilize !m1 comm& !m to d our err&s1 to wait ^u u1 to s]ve u1--?is p[] is ! fruition ( t primitive desire ( our b>b>ian ance/ors to get ! gods "u control by pres5ts & complim5ts4 ,! sci5ti/ ma/]s ! laws ( nature1--! movem5ts ( ! atmosph]e1 ! curr5ts ( ! ocean1 ! lightn+'s secret1 = ! purpose ( putt+ a bit into _! m\?s to control !m = human s]vice2 b ! prie/ :5 he (f]$ 8 bloody sacrifices1 :5 he p]=m$ 8 incantations1 & repeat$ magical =mulas1 _h ! same aim 9 view1--! control ( ! univ]se4 ,z soon z primitive man conclud$ t ! sun1 = example1 or ! riv]1 0 a god1 he set to "w to le>n ! habits1 ta/es1 pleasure ( 8 gods1 t he might prev5t !m f hurt+ him & enc\rage !m to gratify 8 ne$s4 ,9 o!r words1 he wi%$ to replace !m 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 ,he did n feel safe until he c\ld get ! re9s 9 8 own h&s4 ,:5 ,i 0 9 "o ( ! *ur*es ( ,flor5ce1 & /ood look+ at a figure ( ! pope ) ! keys ( heav5 & hell 9 8 h&1 x dawn$ ^u me t man1 f "t immemorial1 has covet$ ! own]%ip ( ! univ]se1 & ev5 9 8 feebl5ess gave himself ! satisfaction ( hold+ ! keys 9 8 own h&s4 ,b x w\ld be unreasonable to cont9ue to pres]ve & propagate ^! religions at great co/ to ! p1 & also at ! detrim5t ( m important int]e/s--on ! gr\nd t at "o "t1 :5 man 0 b a *ild1 !y 7 ( s]vice to him4 ,our ance/ors be=e ! age ( iron us$ tools made ( /one4 ,%all ^! /ill be giv5 ! pref]5ce despite ! bett] & m useful implem5ts ( mod]n times--because1 =soo?1 !y />t$ our race 9 its c>e] ( progress8 ,%all ! c&le light be p]mitt$ to prejudice u aga9/ electricity2 ! /agecoa* aga9/ ! locomotive2 ! cave ( ! savage aga9/ ! sanit>y dwell+s ( mod]n cities2 or ! primitive =ms ( communication aga9/ ! wond]ful wireless8 ,:y1 !n1 %\ld ,moses or ,mohamm$ or ,jesus /& 9 ! way ( ! sci5ce ( ! tw5tie? c5tury8 ,if we may disc>d our "m's hut or ! rag %e clo!d h]self ) at "o "t1 :y n also h] religion8 ,true en\gh bo? hut & rag s]v$ a purpose & m>k$ a /age 9 ! evolution ( man1 b ! purpose !y s]v$ 0 to fit u = some?+ bett]1 t is to say1 to make u discont5t$ ) & rebelli\s aga9/ ! hut & ! rag =ev]4 ,! day ( fai?s is ov]4 ,!y belong to ! furniture ( ! pa/4 ,! glori\s reign ( ,sci5ce has begun4 ,?\ght l a fruit on ! tree ( evolution has at la/ rip5$4 ,! gl[ ( ! sun1 & ! t9ts ( ! sky are ^u h]4 ,! c\ntries :i* 7 ! fir/ to replace fai? by k h inv>iably be5 ! fir/ also 9 civilization4 ,:ile ,pale/9e rema9$ a des]t1 ,greece became ! g>d5 ( ! _w4 ,:atev] ( beauty !re is 9 our lives today1 we owe x to ! immortal ,greeks4 ,tru? & goodness fl\ri% 9 all _! glory only among a free & intellig5t p4 ,:]e !re is an infallible fai? !re c be no lib]ty ( ?\ght1 & )\t lib]ty ( ?\ght !re is no m9d1 & )\t m9d man is n diff]5t f ! brute4