,,the ,,knickerbocker4        ,,vol4 ,x4
      ,,november1 #ahcg4       ,,no4 #e4
          ',,nurseries ,,of ,,american  
,,freemen4'    ,,number ,,one4          
,,general ,,education is the attribute  
and glory of republican ,america4  ,it  
constitutes one of the strongest pledges
 of the success of  that interesting    
experiment in politics1 which has       
astonished and  enlightened the nations 
of the eastern continent1 and which     
promises1  in future times1 to be the   
grand means of extending the blessings  
of freedom to the civilized world4      
,education1 in some of the most         
enlightened ,european countries1 is like
 the sun rising in majesty1  and gilding
 with surpassing brightness a few       
mountain tops4 ,education  in the       
,united ,states is like the sun pouring 
his cheering radiance  over every hill1 
and into every valley4    ,the peculiar 
importance of universal and             
well-conducted education1  in a         
republican government1 must be evident  

from the slightest  consideration4      
,every ,american citizen is a juror1    
before whom each  officer of the        
government is on trial1 in regard to his
 capacity and  fidelity4 ,the public    
prints are the pleaders1 oftentimes very
 artful1  and sometimes not altogether  
honest2 and these jurors need to be well
  furnished with an enlightened         
understanding1 that they may not be     
imposed upon by misrepresentation and   
sophistry4 ,universal suffrage  can     
never be safely trusted but in the hands
 of an intelligent and  virtuous        
population4 ,and it is questionable     
whether another country  can now be     
found1 beside the ,united ,states1 where
 education is  sufficiently general1 and
 conducted upon such principles1 as to  
form  a sufficient basis on which to    
rest the structure of a republican      
government4    ,the want of a           
well-educated population has been the   
occasion of  most of the difficulties   
and disorders which have agitated the   

,south ,american republics1 where one   
stormy revolution has succeeded         
another1 and where a strong tendency has
 been evinced to return to  the         
death-like calm of despotism4 ,this is a
 great reason why ,france1  with all her
 aspirations after freedom1 and all her 
toil1 and sweat1  and blood1 to obtain  
it1 has had no more success in securing 
its  substantial blessings4 ,this is one
 reason why reform in the ,english      
government is a work of such immense    
difficulty1 and why it cannot be        
obtained but by a severe struggle1 and1 
as it were1 by inches4 ,some            
master-spirits in that country1 in which
 there is much to admire1 and  to       
approve1 and to imitate1 have recently  
engaged in a noble effort  to advance   
the cause of popular education4 ,these  
men1 whether they  may be aware of it or
 not1 are firing a train that may       
eventually  produce an explosion1 which 
will shake the lordly aristocracy of    
that country to its base4 ,there is     

reason1 however1 to hope1 that  in      
,england arbitrary power will gradually 
give way to liberal  principles1 and    
that the desired end may be at length   
attained1  without violent convulsion4  
,this may be hoped for with greater     
confidence1 since intelligence is always
 friendly to order4    ,but aside from  
its political bearing1 a general and    
well-conducted  education is a matter of
 vast importance4 ,every man has a mind1
 which  can never take its proper rank1 
and secure its highest enjoyment1       
without being enlightened2 without a    
proper development of its power1  and a 
suitable direction in applying them to  
practical purposes4 ,a  fire-side in    
,iceland1 a land of frost and of        
poverty1 becomes a scene  of contentment
 and happiness1 because it is surrounded
 by a reading  population2 and the long 
and dreary winter's nights pass         
pleasantly  away1 in the entertainment  
afforded by historical narration1 or    
native poetry1 or other means of mental 

cultivation4 ,every family is  a school1
 and every child receives the rudiments 
of an education by  his own fire-side4  
,in civilized countries1 valuable books 
constitute  one of the cheapest1 most   
domestic1 and noblest amusements1 for   
the  enjoyment of which1 however1 a good
 education is an indispensable          
requisite4    ,but leaving this strain  
of general remark1 it is proposed to    
give the  subject a practical bearing1  
by a brief consideration1 in the present
  number1 of the importance of a        
legislative provision for the support   
of schools1 and for the qualification   
and preparation of teachers4    ,a      
legislative provision for the support of
 schools is a matter of  great          
importance4 ,every free government is   
bound by the principle  of              
self-preservation to afford every       
necessary facility for the  education of
 its whole population4 ,and the most    
substantial aid which  it has in its    
power to afford is1 to furnish pecuniary

 assistance1  by setting apart adequate 
funds1 to bring the means of instruction
  alike within the reach of the poor and
 the rich4 ,schools1 and  especially    
common schools1 are the ,nurseries of   
,freemen2 and not  merely of those who  
are to exercise the important right of  
suffrage1  but also1 to an unknown      
extent1 of those who are to sustain the 
weight of magistracy1 and to wield the  
destinies of the nation4 ,many  a man1  
during the short continuance of the     
,american republic1 who  has risen to   
the highest stations of honor and of    
trust1 who has  surrounded his own name 
and that of his country with            
distinguished  honor1 and filled both   
continents with his fame1 has grown up  
from  the humblest circumstances in     
life1 and has been indebted to the      
common schools of the country for the   
elements of his reputation and  his     
usefulness2 and but for the system of   
universal education1 might  have lived  
in obscurity1 and never extended his    

influence beyond  his native village4   
,,franklin1 the statesman and the       
philosopher1  was once a humble         
printer's boy2 and had he lived in a    
country  where the aspirations of genius
 are checked by the principle that      
every man must keep his place1 and not  
attempt to rise above the  condition in 
which he was born1 he might have lived  
and died a  merely respectable setter of
 types4 ,,david ,,rittenhouse1 the son  
of a  plain farmer1 was educated a      
goldsmith2 and by his extraordinary     
mechanical genius1 he invented a        
planetarium1 which may justly be        
regarded as one of the mechanical       
wonders of the world4 ,pursuing  his    
researches1 he became one of the first  
practical astronomers of  his time1 and 
he succeeded the venerable ,franklin as 
,president of  the ,american            
,philosophical ,society1 at             
,philadelphia4 ,,roger ,,sherman1  until
 the age of twenty-three1 occupied a    
shoemaker's bench4 ,to him  it would    

have been injurious to apply the adage1 
',ne sutor ultra  crepidam4' ,to the    
acquirements of a good common school    
education1  he added1 to a respectable  
extent1 the higher attainments of legal 
and political science2 and no man       
brought into the councils of this       
country1 at the trying period of the    
revolution1 a sounder head1 or  a more  
patriotic heart4 ,to these distinguished
 examples1 hundreds of  others might be 
added1 who1 if they have not fully      
equalled those  that have been          
mentioned1 in fame1 have perhaps not    
fallen behind  them in respectability   
and usefulness4 ,and what has been true 
in  this respect1 in time past1 is true 
at present1 and is likely to be  equally
 true in time to come4 ,no man now fills
 a greater space in the  national       
councils1 than the son of a plain farmer
 in ,new-,hampshire1  who commenced his 
brilliant career on the benches of a    
common school1  in his native town4 ,and
 no man can tell what future farmers' or

  mechanics' sons may occupy the highest
 and most responsible posts of  the     
nation4 ,in the free government of the  
,united ,states1 every man  is1 to a    
great extent1 the artificer of his own  
fortune and fame4  ,common schools are  
the means by which native genius is to  
be1 in the  first instance1 taught to   
put forth its strength1 and by which it 
is  to be raised from its obscurity4    
,the people of the ,united ,states are1 
to a good degree1 awake to the          
importance of affording legislative aid 
to the common and higher  schools of the
 country2 and in every state in the     
,union1 public funds  are1 to a greater 
or less extent1 devoted to this object4 
,the new  states seem likely1 in this   
respect1 to equal1 if not to surpass1   
the  old4 ,the funds which they have    
appropriated to this purpose1 have  been
 chiefly new lands1 which are constantly
 rising in value1 and  which1 in many   
instances1 promise1 in a future day1 to 
swell to a  very respectable amount4    

,but while the means of education are   
brought within the reach of all1  it is 
important that they be not made too     
cheap4 ,men are prone to set  a small   
value on that which costs them nothing2 
and a provision too  abundant1 instead  
of stimulating to exertion1 may but     
minister to  negligence4 ,the state of  
,connecticut has1 it is believed1 at    
present  a greater productive           
school-fund1 in proportion to its       
population1  than any other state in the
 ,union4 ,it amounts to about the sum of
 two  millions of dollars4 ,this fund   
was not produced by the contributions   
of its inhabitants1 but originated      
principally from the sale of the        
,western ,reserve1 an important part of 
the state of ,ohio1 to which  it laid   
claim on the ground of its original     
charter1 and which1 by  way of          
compromise1 was ceded to it by the      
,united ,states4 ,in no state  could the
 experiment of an abundant public       
provision for the support  of schools   

have been tried with greater prospect of
 success1 than  in this4 ,previously to 
this endowment1 the cause of education  
there  was in a prosperous condition1   
and its population had been taught1     
from their childhood1 to hold it in high
 estimation4 ,although  no enlightened  
and patriotic inhabitant of that state  
would wish  that this fund should be    
reduced in its amount1 it is            
questionable  whether the cause of      
education there has advanced in         
proportion to  the abundance of its     
resources1 and whether the largeness of 
this  provision has not1 in some        
instances1 if not generally1 contributed
  to keep the public mind less awake to 
the subject1 than if its  inhabitants   
had been compelled to rely more         
extensively on their own  resources and 
exertions4    ,without some legislative 
aid1 there is reason to apprehend that  
the advantages of education will not be 
universally enjoyed2 and  therefore1    
every enlightened state will be inclined

 to make a  competent provision for this
 object4 ,if the common schools of the  
country need this aid1 the higher       
schools and academies need it  still    
more1 as their expenses must necessarily
 be greater4 ,they are  required to     
carry on the work which is begun in     
common schools1 to  prepare members for 
the higher seminaries of learning1 and  
especially  to raise up a generation of 
teachers for the inferior schools4 ,a   
number of academies1 scattered over     
every state1 should be placed  on a     
respectable and permanent foundation1 by
 a competent pecuniary  endowment4 ,this
 subject has not been overlooked by the 
legislatures  of the respective states4 
,a portion of the public revenue1 which 
has  been distributed among the several 
states of the ,union1 has been  wisely  
set apart for the advancement of the    
cause of education4 ,what  species of   
internal improvement can be compared to 
this8 ,canals and  rail-roads1 and other
 similar works1 are indeed of great     

importance4  ,but these things have a   
principal reference to the physical     
wants of  men4 ,but physical wants are  
of minor importance1 compared with the  
intellectual and moral elevation of the 
human mind4 ,republics1 in  a particular
 manner1 must depend upon this          
intellectual and moral  elevation for   
their highest prosperity4 ,legislative  
aid should be  so afforded that1 instead
 of producing apathy and indifference on
  the subject of schools1 it may but    
stimulate to greater exertion4 ,in      
proportion to the munificence of a      
public provision1 the standard of       
education should be raised2 competent   
teachers should be employed1  and all   
the preparations for instruction should 
be on an extended  scale4 ,much on this 
subject remains to be done2 and availing
  themselves of the legislative aid1    
there is pressing need that the  most   
gifted minds in the country should      
combine their strength to  bring the    
schools of the nation1 of every grade1  

and particularly the  common schools1 to
 answer the high purposes of their      
institution4    ,while it is important  
that adequate funds should be provided  
for  the support of schools1 it is still
 more important1 that due care  should  
be taken that these funds be employed in
 a prudent1 wise1  and efficient manner4
 ,thousands and tens of thousands of    
dollars  may easily be wasted1 from year
 to year1 and rendered of no avail1  for
 the want of a proper management4 ,that 
schools should answer the  object for   
which they are designed1 nothing is more
 essential1 than  that they should be   
under the instruction of competent      
teachers2 and  that suitable provision  
be made for the preparation and support 
of  such teachers4    ,the government of
 a school is a matter of no small       
difficulty and  importance2 and to      
conduct it successfully1 requires great 
sagacity1  and a knowledge of human     
nature1 the fruit of much observation   
and  experience4 ,the government of a   

school is unlike that of any other      
community4 ,it should be neither        
despotic nor republican2 it should be   
patriarchal4 ,it bears a greater        
resemblance to the government of a      
family than to any other1 and yet it    
differs1 in many respects1 from  this4  
,children have grown up under the       
authority of their parents2  and where  
parental government has been in any     
measure what it should  be1 obedience to
 it has become a matter of habit4       
,children are1  moreover1 dependent on  
their parents for their comfort and     
support1  and therefore the authority of
 a parent is supported by a powerful    
consideration1 which teachers of schools
 have not at command4 ,if the  proper   
government of a family is a difficult   
work1 as every parent  will be ready to 
acknowledge1 the suitable government of 
a school is  a work of still greater    
difficulty4    ,without the maintenance 
of silence1 diligence1 and order1 it is 
impossible that the business of         

education should be successfully        
prosecuted in schools4 ,but to bring the
 volatility1 and  thoughtlessness1 and  
love of ease and of play1 so natural to 
children  and youth1 to a thorough      
subjection to these principles1 is no   
easy  task4 ,the nature and dispositions
 of children must be carefully and      
philosophically studied2 different modes
 of management must be tried1  and those
 which are found by experience to be    
most successful1 must  be adopted4      
,every teacher of a school needs much of
 the patience of  ,job1 and the meekness
 of ,moses1 suitably blended with       
dignity and  authority4 ,he should have 
an entire control over his own passions2
  and if he has a natural attachment to 
children1 it will greatly aid  him in   
his work4 ,it should be his aim1 by an  
amiable1 dignified1 and  discreet       
deportment1 to secure both the affection
 and respect of  those committed to his 
charge4    ,but a talent for government1
 however important1 will not alone fit  

a teacher of a school for his station4  
,he needs not only a gifted1  but a     
well-furnished mind4 ,he should not only
 possess a thorough  acquaintance with  
the text-books which he uses1 and be    
able to  explain all their intricacies1 
and to unravel all their difficulties1  
but he needs1 in addition1 a great      
variety of collateral information1      
which he may bring to bear on all the   
subjects of instruction4 ,he  should be 
himself a living1 walking1 speaking     
text-book4 ,every  system of teaching   
which is what it should be1 will be a   
course of  familiar lecturing4 ,the     
teacher should possess a fund of        
information  on a great variety of      
subjects1 and should be perpetually     
bringing  forth1 from the treasury of a 
well-furnished mind1 the varied riches  
of literature and science4 ,the         
qualifications which have been          
mentioned are important1 not only in the
 higher seminaries1 but also  in common 
schools4 ,the amount of instruction     

which will be given by  a thoroughly    
qualified teacher1 will greatly exceed  
that which is  given by a person of     
inferior qualifications1 even where very
 young  children are concerned1 and the 
time of the pupil1 and the money of  the
 parent1 will be saved by the employment
 of such teachers4    ,in this view of  
the proper qualifications of teachers1  
we need only  inquire what is the       
character of those who are usually      
employed1  to discover the great        
deficiency which exists on this subject4
  ,the common schools of the country are
 extensively taught1 in the  winter     
season1 by a set of intelligent and     
enterprising young men1  who1 in the    
summer season1 are engaged in           
agricultural or other  employments1 not 
connected with literature2 or in the    
neighborhood of  colleges1 in some      
instances1 by young men who are in them 
receiving  an education1 and who resort 
to this means to help them to sustain   
the expenses which they necessarily     

incur4 ,far be it from the writer  to   
speak lightly of those farmers' sons who
 have more taste for  literature than   
the generality of their fellows1 and    
have better  improved the advantages    
which they have enjoyed1 and who aspire 
to  the office of teachers2 or of those 
young men in colleges1 who are          
conflicting with the disadvantages of   
poverty1 and by diligence and           
perseverance1 are raising themselves to 
usefulness1 and perhaps to  fame4 ,many 
a man1 who has been an honor to his     
country1 and sustained  with reputation 
the higher offices of the state1 has    
been1 in early  life1 a teacher of a    
common school4 ,the academies of the    
country  have hitherto been chiefly     
taught by young men1 who have completed 
a collegiate course1 and having         
exhausted their patrimony1 have         
resorted to this means to provide       
themselves with the funds necessary  for
 the study of a profession4 ,before they
 have had time to become  thoroughly    

acquainted with their business1 they    
have relinquished  it for another       
employment4 ,in a large proportion of   
instances1 the  teachers of schools have
 labored under the disadvantages of     
youth and  inexperience1 and to a great 
extent1 of a contracted education4      
,in the summer season1 the common       
schools of the country have  been       
chiefly taught by a fine collection of  
amiable1 virtuous1  and intelligent     
females1 in many respects well adapted  
to the  instruction of those younger    
children who1 at that busy period1 are  
alone extensively found in common       
schools4 ,but these teachers have       
generally labored under the disadvantage
 of a very limited education4    ,in the
 cities1 teaching has been more         
extensively a profession1 and  has      
received a more liberal patronage2 and  
from these circumstances1  it might be  
expected that the schools of the cities 
would have  risen to a highly           
respectable standing4 ,this has been1 in

 some  instances1 true1 but is by no    
means a general fact4 ,mere pretension  
and display1 on the part of a teacher1  
often command more patronage  than solid
 and unostentatious merit4 ,the         
advertisements of teachers1  of almost  
every description1 in the cities1 will  
be found to contain  a catalogue of     
studies nearly sufficient for a         
collegiate course2  studies1 many of    
which some of these teachers do not     
thoroughly1 if  at all1 understand4 ,and
 in order that illiterate parents may   
have  a high idea of the proficiency of 
their children1 they are hurried        
through this course with a most         
unprofitable rapidity4 ,the hurry  and  
bustle and thousand diversions of a city
 are not favorable to  mental           
cultivation4 ,show extensively occupies 
the place of substance2  and even an    
intelligent teacher will often be found 
sacrificing  his own better judgment to 
a perverted public taste4 ,fashionable  
accomplishments1 particularly in the    

education of females1 have been         
suffered to throw into the back-ground  
those intellectual pursuits1  which can 
alone raise the mind to its proper      
dignity1 and produce a  full development
 of its powers4 ,if most of the teachers
 of the cities  would pretend to less1  
and attempt less1 they would accomplish 
more1  in the substantial business of   
education4 ,like some farmers in the    
country1 they should cultivate a less   
extent of ground1 and they  would       
produce greater crops4    ,the interests
 of schools imperiously require that    
something effectual  should be done1 to 
raise up a different generation of      
teachers from  those who have hitherto  
held in their hands the destinies of    
,american  youth4 ,in order to do this1 
teaching must become more extensively  a
 permanent profession2 and such must be 
the support afforded to  teachers1 that 
it shall constitute a sufficient        
inducement to them  not only to devote  
themselves to this employment1 but to   

undertake  the labor and expense of     
acquiring the requisite qualifications  
for  this important trust2 and the      
community must learn to distinguish     
between the well-furnished teacher and  
the mere pretender to  literature and   
science4    ,suppose1 for a moment1 that
 the mechanic arts were learned and     
practised as the profession of teaching 
has extensively been4 ,let  us take the 
trade of a shoe-maker1 for example4 ,let
 us suppose that  farmers' sons1 of a   
strong mechanical turn1 during the      
leisure of  the winter season1 should   
begin with mending their own shoes1 and1
  pleased with the efforts of their     
untaught ingenuity1 should take in  hand
 the shoes of the rest of the family2   
and having gained a little  skill by    
practice1 should set up as cobblers for 
their neighbors4  ,what kind of shoes1  
can it be thought1 would be worn by the 
community1 if such were the common      
shoe-makers of the land8 ,and does  it  
require less education to become a      

competent teacher of youth1  than a good
 shoe-maker8 ,that person must think    
very highly of his  feet1 and very      
meanly of his head1 who can entertain   
such an idea4    ,the community have1 in
 some measure1 yet to learn1 that they  
will  never practice a true economy in  
the business of education1 until  they  
are willing1 at a reasonable expense1 to
 secure the services of  a              
thoroughly-furnished instructor4 ,it    
must come to be considered1  that a     
little smattering of information is not 
sufficient to prepare  a person for a   
teacher of a common school4 ,a          
collegiate education is  not essential  
to this purpose1 because many of the    
branches taught in  a college will not  
be required to be taught in common      
schools4 ,but in  those branches which  
are taught1 the education should not be 
less  thorough than that which is       
acquired within the walls of a college4 
,the academies of the country are1 at   
present1 the seminaries in which  the   

great body of teachers for common       
schools must be prepared2 and  in order 
that the academies should become        
suitable seminaries for  teachers1 they 
must be universally taught by able and  
experienced  men1 and the business of   
conducting them should no longer be made
  by young men a stepping stone to some 
other employment4 ,these  institutions  
should be1 especially1 under the charge 
of men who  make teaching a permanent   
profession4 ,but something beyond this  
is  necessary1 that a supply of         
competent teachers of common schools    
should be raised up4 ,seminaries should 
be instituted for the express  purpose  
of preparing teachers4 ,such            
institutions1 established on a  broad   
foundation1 and sustained by a liberal  
endowment1 would be of  incalculable    
importance to the interests of common   
schools4 ,the  instruction given in     
them1 being specially directed to this  
object1  would be more appropriate and  
more effectual4 ,connected with such    

institutions1 should be model-schools1  
in which the most approved  methods of  
instruction may be exemplified1 and in  
conducting which1  those educating for  
teachers should occasionally bear a     
part4  ,the clerical1 the legal1 and the
 medical professions have been  most    
essentially benefitted1 and their       
character has been greatly  elevated1 by
 the establishment of institutions      
expressly for the  preparation of young 
men for these professions2 and the same 
result  might be expected from a similar
 course in regard to the preparation  of
 teachers4    ,in a subsequent number1  
we shall offer some observations upon   
text-books2 the importance of a         
systematic arrangement and inspection   
in the management of schools2 the       
illustration of the sciences  by        
appropriate apparatus2 and the cheering 
prospect which the  advancement of      
education holds out1 in regard to the   
stability and  permanence of the        
,american government4                   

,h4          ,,sadness4        ',i      
cannot but remember such things were1   
,that were most pleasant to me4'        
,,shakspeare4      ,i4        ,i ,,know 
not why6--but oft a deep gloom shading1 
,steals o'er my gayest mood1 my happiest
 hours2      ,the glory from my ardent  
soul is fading--        ,a tempest      
withers ,hope's reviving flowers6       
,i know not why6      ,,ii4        ,i   
know not why6--but oft1 when laughter   
thrilling1        ,leaves its light echo
 joyously behind1      ,tears from their
 secret founts mine eyes are filling2   
,i shudder1 as the leaf shakes in the   
wind--                  ,i know not why6
      ,,iii4        ,do ,i not know8    
,can ,fate her stern course alter8      
,are they not shadows of the brightness 
gone1      ,which make the fond heart   
faint1 the red lip falter1              
,leaving me mournful memories alone--   
,they tell me why6      ,,iv4           
,they are past and gone6      ,those    
days that were so glad and bright1      

,oh1 can we call back one8      ,ah1    
never6--would we might6        ,the     
memories of our early years1      ,shall
 hallow still this cherish'd spot--     
,and hopes1 though faded1 ne'er forgot1 
,whose light is quenched in tears6      
,l4 ,b4 ,,smith4          ,,young       
,,love4    ,,an ,,extract3 ,,by ,j4 ,g4 
,,percival4            ,,why are we not 
like ,nature1 ever new1                 
,freshening with every season8 ,it is   
pain        ,to gaze1 when sick and     
wasted1 on the blue        ,arching as  
purely o'er us1 and the stain        ,of
 the curled clouds1 that gather in the  
train1        ,which the low sun makes  
glorious with his smile2        ,to see 
the light ,spring weave her rosy chain1 
,and sow her pearls1 no longer can      
beguile1      ,when age1 and want1 and  
sin1 our sinking hearts defile4         
,youth is the season when we most enjoy1
        ,if we would know the sweets of 
life2 the mind        ,is then pure     
feeling1 for no base alloy        ,of   

gain hath blended with the ore refined  
,by the wise hand of ,nature1 who       
designed        ,the beautiful years to 
be alone the time        ,when we can   
fondly love1 and loving find        ,in 
the adored the same glad passion chime1 
,as if two spirits met in one most      
tuneful rhyme4          ,o6 there are   
eyes that have a language--sweet        
,comes their soft music round us1 till  
the air        ,is one intensest melody2
 we beat        ,through every pulse1 as
 if a spring were there        ,to buoy 
us into upper worlds1 and bear          
,our fond hearts with link'd arms1 on   
whitest wings1        ,to a far island1 
where we two may share        ,eternal  
looks1 such as the live eye flings      
,when it collects all fire1 and as it   
blesses1 stings4          ,o6 could we  
stop at this glad hour the wheels       
,of ,time1 and make this point eternity2
        ,could check that onward flight1
 which ever steals        ,hues1 forms1 
and soul1 as the twined colors flee1    

,which are above the seven-fold         
,harmony1        ,whose perfect concord 
meets in the soft light        ,that    
sits upon a wave of clouds--a sea       
,of rolling vapor1 pearled and purely   
white1      ,that as a curtain hangs the
 pale-lit throne of ,night4          ,o6
 could we dwell in rapture thus forever1
        ,hearts burning with a high     
empyreal flame1        ,whose blended   
cones no reckless storm could sever1    
,but they should tremble upward1 till   
the same        ,fine point of centred  
heat should ever aim        ,higher and 
higher to the perfect glow2        ,as  
,dante saw from that celestial ,dame    
,once loved1 now worshipped1 ,heaven's  
own splendors flow1      ,and gather in 
her smile1 that looked so calm below4   
,it is not in us2 we were fashioned here
        ,for a more tranquil feeling1   
such as home        ,sheds on two       
hearts1 whose true and lasting sphere   
,is round the holy hearth2 hearts do not
 roam1        ,when they are pledged by 

the young shoots that come1        ,like
 the green root-twigs1 sweetly to renew 
,our life in their dear lives1 which are
 the sum        ,of all our after being1
 where we view      ,heaven1 as the     
soul's fond smile those rose-lips       
tremble through4          ,,wilson      
,,conworth4    ,,number ,,seven4      ,i
 ,,have already described setting out   
for the law school at ,l----4  ,after a 
long and tedious ride over rocky hills1 
we arrived late in  the evening at the  
town4 ,it is situated on a river1 on    
each side of  which are meadows of the  
most fertile soil1 one mile in breadth4 
,on  the east side of this river1 a     
short range of mountains rise1 grand    
and imposing1 from the generally level  
face of the country about  them4 ,here  
is perhaps the finest scenery in        
,new-,england4 ,you have  a great       
variety within one half hour's walk4    
,gardens of exotics1  well-tilled farms1
 more resembling gardens than farms1    
mountains1 a  river1 woods1 cottages1   

princely edifices2 here a street like a 
city1  and the next turn brings you into
 something simply rural4    ,here too   
might be found1 at a later day1 the     
finest school in the  country1 perhaps  
in the world1 if we may judge from the  
talent  employed in its management1 and 
the splendor of the scale upon  which it
 was got up4 ,the founders of this      
school are probably in  our country the 
only instance on record of men who had  
gained high  places in the literary     
world1 leaving all their hard-bought    
honors1  and the ease of professorships 
in the first literary institution  in   
the country1 to embark in the thankless 
task of keeping school4  ,this school   
has not succeeded according to its      
merits--as what  school does8 ,it       
enjoyed a temporary reputation and      
success1 as long  as it was the fashion 
and a novelty2 and after the curiosity  
of  the public was satisfied1 it        
diminished1 and no longer numbers its   
three hundred pupils4 ,it is the same   

with our clergymen4 ,people in  our     
country are for ever changing their     
ministers4 ,it is so with  servants1    
ploughs1 and all machinery1 moral and   
physical4 ,variety1  curiosity1         
experiment1 are the words that govern4  
,we are forever  tearing things to      
pieces1 to see what they are made of1   
and how they  are constructed4 ,there is
 not and never has been a permanent     
private  school in ,america2 and our    
endowed academies sink and rise1 and    
only  continue to exist1 because from   
their legal nature they cannot die4     
,in the town of ,l---- you might have   
found1 at the time ,i write of1  a race 
peculiar to the soil of ,new-,england2  
the descendants of old  families1 who   
have inherited wealth from their        
fathers1 and with  it a set of feelings 
that attaches them to old customs and   
habits4  ,the furniture of their houses 
is antique1 and they themselves are  a  
little tinctured with puritanical       
manners4 ,there are few places  so      

aristocratic as this4 ,they do not show 
their pride in equipage  and dress1 like
 new-born gentility1 but in the distance
 of their  manners1 and the seclusion of
 their lives4 ,a race has grown up and  
flocked in around these moss-covered    
families1 which is thriving and         
industrious1 but the line is strictly   
marked between them and the old         
settlers1 who yet consider the land as  
their own1 and themselves as  the       
pillars of the place4    ,some of the   
old men wear gold-headed canes and      
white-topped boots and  cues1 though the
 cocked-hat is obsolete2 and the old    
ladies appear  upon gala-days in brocade
 gowns1 worn by their                   
great-grand-mothers1  for aught ,i know1
 with heads carried as none but old     
prim1 stiff  ladies know how to carry   
their heads3 a little in the style1 we  
may  suppose1 ,jupiter carries his head1
 when he walks among the clouds1  where 
there is no vulgar earth to look upon4  
,the morning after my arrival1 ,i called

 upon ,judge ,h----1 the  principal of  
the law school1 and found him1          
,cincinnatus like1 digging  in his      
garden4 ,he rested upon his spade1 as ,i
 approached him2 took my  letter and    
read it2 gave me his hand1 when he had  
finished1 and as ,i  looked in his face1
 and saw his clear eye and benevolent   
countenance1  ,i loved him4 ,he was a   
spare man1 with the air of a student    
about  him2 his face was pale1 and worn 
with much thinking2 his manners  kind   
and winning1 with the least affectation 
any one can imagine4 ,he  introduced me 
to his lovely family1 and they made me  
feel at home in  a moment1 by the       
sincerity and unostentatiousness of     
their reception4    ,some people1 when a
 stranger is introduced to them1 are    
chiefly  occupied in making an          
impression upon him of their importance 
and  dignity1 while the best bred only  
think how he may be made easy and       
comfortable4    ,the judge pointed a    
boarding-house out to me1 and appointed 

a time to  talk farther with me1 and ,i 
took my leave1 thoroughly impressed with
  the idea that ,i was the happiest man 
in the world1 and the judge and  his    
family the best and most agreeable      
people4 ',now for a look at             
law-students at a law school1' thinks   
,i4    ,i found a fine set of fellows   
here1 from all parts of the ,united     
,states4 ,here was a student from the   
,west1 with his dark eye and  coal-black
 hair1 and ,indian-red cheeks4 ,he was  
remarkable for his  independence and    
fearlessness2 for his up-and-down       
dealing1 and for  the originality of his
 figures1 and the indifference all      
western men  feel to weather1 domestic  
comfort1 and the elegancies of life4    
,then  comes the hot-blooded            
,southerner1 contending between his     
ignorance  and his pride2 for the       
,southerners1 7although there are       
honorable  exceptions17 who come to the 
,north for an education1 are too much   
gentlemen in their own sense1 to be able

 to handle any thing heavier  than a    
cigar2 though now and then bolstered up 
to holding a pistol  at some friend they
 have injured1 for the sake of the clat 
of the thing4 ,we see enough of this    
race of spoiled children at  college1   
where they attempt to lord it over the  
institution and its  members4 ,they     
mistake the contempt which permits their
 folly to pass  unnoticed1 for          
submission4    ,here1 too1 appeared the 
yankee1 with his honest phiz1 from the  
green  mountains of ,vermont2 with his  
heart in his hand2 telling every  body  
who will listen to him all his family   
affairs and domestic  arrangements4     
,nevertheless he has his points of      
shrewdness4 ,you are  off your guard by 
his honest and simple confidence in you3
 find him  at a nine-pin alley1 and he  
is your man1 as he says1 ''at can knock 
'em down4' ,put him down to 'all fours1'
 and he will play game2  but he does not
 aspire to whist or billiards2 of the   
latter perhaps  he never heard4 ,but if 

you would see him in his glory1 look at 
him  at a scrub-race1 mounted on one of 
his father's colts1 taken without  leave
 from the pasture2 his hat a little on  
one side2 his neck begirt  with a       
colored handkerchief1 the ends flying2  
the skirts of his coat  pinned about in 
front1 and he is in his element4 ,a     
,vermonter is  rarely a drunkard1 away  
from his native state2 but to him1 and  
the  smooth-faced1 precise inhabitant of
 ,connecticut1 we are indebted for  the 
bad odor in which yankees are held in   
the middle and southern  states1 among  
the lower order of people1 by their     
sharp bargains1 by  biting those who    
intended to eat them up2 for they are   
not always the  aggressors in a bargain1
 beyond the latitude of trade law4      
,the strongest attachments of the       
,vermonter are for his horses and       
cattle1 for he was brought up among     
them1 and is taught to regard  them as  
the sources of profit4 ,until the age of
 twenty-one1 he is  buckled close to the

 barn-yard and stables2 but at that age1
 he is  free1 and goes from home to seek
 his fortune in the capacity of  pedlar1
 clerk1 student at medicine or law1 or  
to college1 if he has a  bookish turn1  
but never as a servant4    ,vermont is  
the most republican of any state in the 
,union4 ,there1  people are more upon an
 equality than elsewhere2 the rate of   
intelligence1 education1 property1 are  
more upon a par4 ,it has no  clownish   
aristocracy1 like ,new-,hampshire2 no   
mushroom importance1  like ,new-,york2  
no golden privileges1 like              
,massachusetts2 but  simple and         
contented1 intelligent and industrious1 
hospitable and  honest1 without         
pretensions and disdaining show1 running
 into no  wild chimeras of improvement1 
and only a little mad upon masonry1 it  
stands firm as its own ,green           
,mountains1 full of the purest ,american
  character4    ,here was the inhabitant
 of the coast1 the polished             
,new-,englander from  sea-board1 with   

his literature and his sectional pride1 
his love of  the arts1 his belief that  
,cambridge ,college is the first        
institution  in the country1 and the    
,unitarian doctrine the most splendid of
  religious speculation4 ,he is small in
 stature1 for the most part1  and has an
 intellectual face1 and a head full of  
bumps4 ,his dress is  simple and neat2  
his feet and hands are small1 but his   
fingers are  short and clumpish1 showing
 that he is not anxious to talk of his  
grand-father4 ,his manners are retiring 
and unobtrusive1 not as if he  lacked   
self-respect1 but as if he feared others
 would not estimate  him properly4 ,it  
is his pride of character that keeps him
 silent1  and causes him to stand aloof 
among strangers2 for he would not be    
thought guilty of the vulgar habit of   
presumption1 for his right  hand4 ,show 
him that you respect him1 and he is     
transformed in an  instant2 he is all   
openness and sociability1 ready to be   
obliged1  or to bestow favors4 ,he      

sympathizes with you1 till you almost   
love  him like a brother--so aptly does 
he glide into the bent of your          
feelings4 ,you will find him more       
literary than scientific2 he writes     
better than he talks2 judges better than
 he acts2 for he is much  given to      
impulse and enthusiasm of the subdued   
kind1 which works like  fire around his 
heart1 while the exterior man--the      
surface of his  demeanor--is calm and   
passionless2 he thinks more than he     
says1 and  reads more than you have any 
idea of4 ,his taste is refined1 and his 
sensibility acute4    ,science belongs  
to ,yale ,college1 with her grand       
professor ,silliman2  but fine writing1 
criticism1 and moral philosophy1 belong 
to  ,cambridge4 ,cambridge sends forth  
eloquent divines1 poets1 sculptors1  and
 painters2 ,yale breeds sound lawyers1  
scientific doctors1 and  superstitious  
theologians4    ,the tall ,virginian1   
with his rakish air1 his big mouth1 his 
large  teeth1 his long legs1 and profuse

 hair1 was next pointed out to me4  ,he 
may be known the world over1 by his     
independent way of chewing  tobacco4 ,he
 squirts out the juice1 black as your   
hat1 by the gill1 as  he walks the      
streets1 or stands at the door of the   
hotel4 ,he seems  as if surrounded by   
slaves1 so towering is his look4 ,he is 
rarely a  student1 except in inventing  
strange oaths or a new-fashioned hat    
and cane4 ,his family descent is his    
hobby2 and this1 in his opinion1  makes 
up for all deficiencies4    ,any one may
 single out the ,georgian and the       
inhabitants of any of  the ,gulf-states4
 ,they are small1 dark1 men1 who look as
 if they wore  daggers4 ,their air is   
indolent and careless1 when unexcited2  
but if  they receive some slight or     
opposition1 their dark eyes flash1 and  
their lips close tight1 with the        
intensest passion4 ,they are confused   
by northern manners and yankee          
plainness4 ,you rarely see them laugh1  
though they sneer most bitterly at      

things they dislike1 or which  are      
foreign to their own customs4 ,as they  
come to the ,north to be  educated1 they
 herd with the ,carolinians at our      
colleges and schools2  continually      
quarreling among themselves1 and        
slandering each other1  they only agree 
to hate the 'd----d yankees4'           
,,chapter ,,xv4    ,i ,,found among the 
students many whom ,i had known at      
college slightly4  ,they received me    
with the greatest kindness and          
cordiality4 ,they  knew enough of my    
struggles1 and thought well enough of my
 good  intentions1 to do all they could 
to heal the wounds ,i had received4     
,beside1 they knew they had misjudged me
 at college4 ,i certainly  had some good
 qualities2 ,i was very sincere2 spoke  
my sentiments1  any thing that came into
 my head1 right out1 without regard to  
consequences4 ,however imprudent such a 
course is1 we cannot help  liking a     
person who possesses a quality so rare4 
,it was not a  virtue in me1 but ,i did 

it from a wild impulse1 a recklessness  
of  consequences2 and finding that it   
gained me friends1 and raised  a        
good-natured laugh1 ,i carried it to    
excess2 criticizing my own  faults1     
confessing every weakness1 and telling  
people just what ,i  thought of them4   
,i do not know when ,i have passed a    
more delightful evening than the  first 
after my arrival in this place4 ,with me
 were ,c----1 and ,f----1  and ,l----1  
and ,d----1 all old friends1 who had    
always clung to me1  and predicted my   
reformation4 ,we were all changed1 as   
men always  change after leaving        
college1 and mingling in the world1 and 
getting  rid of the hateful jealousy1   
the struggle for rank1 the boyish pride1
  and hot blood1 which characterizes    
students at college1 pitted  against    
each other for the prize of parts4 ,we  
sat together at a spot  overlooking the 
finest landscape ,i know of4 ,it was a  
calm summer  evening1 and the holy rest 
of nature poured quietness and          

complacency  into our hearts4 ,we       
silently regarded each other1 and let   
fall the  easy remark1 each word opening
 to us the fact that we were different  
beings from what we were when we parted4
    ,men educated in the same way1 do   
not talk in round sentences1 like  the  
characters in a novel4 ,they interchange
 ideas by a word1 a look1  a smile1 a   
gesture2 even in silence they hold      
communion1 in looking  at a picture or a
 prospect4 ,observe how the ,indians    
talk2 this is a  perfect instance of the
 near sympathy they have for one        
another4 ,a  shrug of the shoulder1 a   
grunt1 or a gesture1 a movement of the  
head  or hand1 is sufficient to convey  
their meaning4    ,my friends saw that  
,i had a good room2 they let me into the
 habits  of the place1 and drew a       
fascinating picture of the life they    
led4  ,i never was so happy4 ,all the   
dark spots in my life vanished1 and ,i  
looked only upon bright and joyous      
anticipations4 ,i was away from  scenes 

of hateful remembrance1 and seemed to   
have began anew4 ,i felt  grateful for  
the chance that brought me there4    ,i 
do not intend to dwell long upon this   
law school2 and ,i have  introduced it  
more for the sake of showing the effect 
of character  upon character1 than any  
thing else1 and to illustrate how our   
very  best sympathies1 unless properly  
guarded1 may lead us into error4    ,law
 was pursued in this institution with   
all the plan and regularity  with which 
any school is conducted4 ,recitations   
were held every day1  and the lessons   
marked out4 ,i admire this way of       
getting into the dry  details of an     
uninteresting profession by the         
beginner4 ,by getting  lessons1 short   
lessons1 every day1 at the end of a few 
months the  student finds himself the   
master of much information and technical
  knowledge which he never would have   
attained by himself1 without the        
severest self-control and discipline4   
,it is every thing to the student at law

 to get a right start2 to  lay the      
foundation well for future reading and  
practice4 ,very many  lawyers1          
particularly in the state of ,new-,york1
 get a knowledge of  their profession   
after they are admitted4 ,the time of   
their clerkship  is spent in copying    
legal instruments1 and attending to the 
matter of  practice1 while principles1  
and the origin and reason of these forms
  and technicalities1 are regarded with 
indifference4 ,surely1 no man  can be a 
good lawyer--useful1 protecting the     
poor1 and guarding the  rights of the   
widow and the orphan1 exposing crime and
 supporting  straight-forwardness and   
virtue--who is not also a good scholar1 
a  general reader1 a nice observer1 and 
sound reasoner4 ,certainly1 a  mere     
machine to hold a pen1 and bully in     
pettifogging suits1 cannot  be this4    
,my friend ,c---- kept a friend's eye   
upon me1 for he soon saw  my failing2   
and so he dragged me to my duty by the  
gentle and  strong persuasion of a      

friend2 the kind and well-meant hint1   
more  influential upon a generous mind  
than rivets of iron1 or the  severest   
authority4 ,i was a good student here   
for three months4  ,my self-satisfaction
 and confidence1 my reasonings in my own
 favor1  7most dangerous to our peace   
are such7 put me off my guard1 and----  
,but ,i will tell you4    ,i had        
frequently observed a tall1 thin1 pale1 
and very genteel  young man passing the 
street4 ,i had seen him once or twice at
 a law  lecture4 ,he evidently belonged 
to the school4 ,i was surprised1 too1   
that he seemed to know no one1 and none 
of the students bowed to him1  as they  
passed each other in the way4 ,the first
 time ,i saw him1 his  back was toward  
me4 ,he was elegantly1 fastidiously     
dressed4 ,his walk  was very fine1 and  
was the gait of a gentleman4 ,i felt a  
strong  interest to see his face2 and   
when ,i came to look upon his pale1     
melancholy countenance1 haggard with    
care and disappointment1 ,i felt  my    

heart lean toward him2 ,i pitied him    
from the bottom of my soul4    ,i       
discovered that our study-rooms were    
contiguous1 and determined to  work     
myself1 by some means1 into an          
acquaintance with him4 ,one night1  as  
,i was sitting late at my window1       
looking at the moon1 and thinking  of   
by-gone times1 when ,i had one beside me
 to enjoy such scenes with1  the        
sweetest and most melancholy voice met  
my ear ,i had ever heard4  ,the song it 
sung was plaintive1 and the sounds      
seemed like breathings  out of the      
heart4 ,this feast continued for hours4 
,now ,i could only  hear a low chant1   
and then a wild burst of melody1 that   
seemed to  pierce the sky2 varied again 
and again1 with the most astonishing    
skill4    ,i found out1 by some means1  
that the voice was that of ,collins1 the
  name of the young man whom ,i was so  
anxious to know4    ,i could not be     
satisfied1 until ,i had his             
acquaintance4 ,i wished to  become his  

friend4 ,i knew what it was to be       
wretched and lonely1 and  ,i felt       
criminal in neglecting him4 ,i talked   
with particular friends  about him1 but 
they answered equivocally4 ',they did   
not know why  ,collins did not associate
 more with them4 ,his distance was his  
own  work2 he was a singular young man1 
and they believed he lived upon  opium2 
that he was strange and eccentric1 and  
chose to be alone4'  ,c---- said3 ',you 
had better let him alone2 he can do you 
no good2 his  case is a hopeless one1   
and as for his melancholy1 it is all    
fudge4'  ,all ,i heard1 only determined 
me to seek him out1 and find what could 
occasion such habitual sadness4         
,collins received my advances in a very 
gentlemanly way1 though he  showed no   
disposition to palm himself off upon me4
 ,he had been  absent1 until a short    
time before ,i saw him1 from the school1
 and  treated me as a new-comer2 spoke  
very handsomely of the students1  and   
seemed to know the character and course 

of every man in the  institution4 ,i was
 charmed with the elegance of his       
manners1 the  acuteness of his mind1 and
 his general acquaintance with          
literature4  ,he soon returned my       
civility1 and we gradually became       
acquainted4    ,he pursued his usual    
habits without any secrecy1 and         
apparently as if  there was no harm in  
such courses4 ,his mornings were usually
 spent  in a deep sleep1 more resembling
 a lethargy than refreshing rest1  from 
which nothing could rouse him4 ,he rose 
about mid-day and read  until night1    
hardly taking any nourishment4 ,at night
 he seemed to  revel in a world of his  
own creation2 he would sit for hours in 
one  position1 chanting low airs1 his   
spirits kept alive by opium and  worse  
stimulus4 ,i never could discover the   
least mark of intoxication  in ,mr4     
,collins1 as every body called him4 ,his
 person was scrupulously  neat1 his     
dress always adjusted with the nicest   
regard to fashion and  elegance4 ,his   

language was at all times proper1 and   
his sentiments  refined4 ,his mien was  
dignified and graceful4 ,had it not been
 for  his haggard cheek1 and the        
unnatural brightness of his eye1 sensual
  indulgence would be the last vice one 
could have attributed to him4    ,the   
mind of this young man was radically    
wrong4 ,he had no fixed  principle1 and 
if he did right1 it was to be in good   
taste1 not to be  in opposition to      
error4 ,blackstone says1 that 'to do    
right is only  to pursue one's own      
substantial happiness2' and it may be   
said1 that  to do right1 is to pursue   
good taste1 elegance1 refinement1 true  
pleasure1 and pure happiness4           
,collins was unhappy2 he hardly knew    
why4 ,possessed of a poetic             
temperament--nurtured in the lap of ease
 and wealth--every thing  provided for  
him1 he had never learned to think1 to  
reason1 but  gave free scope to any     
impulse that came across him4           
,misfortune  he could not bear1 for he  

had never calculated for its inevitable 
coming2 disappointment unmanned him1 for
 he esteemed that wealth  exempted him  
from the common lot of mortality4 ,he   
had had an  unfortunate attachment--as  
what young man has not8--and he thought 
he  must be melancholy and wretched1 to 
be ,byronic and sentimental4    ,he was1
 as ,i found out upon a longer          
acquaintance1 for my own  foolish       
fancies made me singularly acute in     
tracing the rhapsodies  of feeling in   
others1 in a false and unnatural state  
of mind2 a  maniac1 a madman1 unsound4  
,we are apt only to attach the name of  
madness to extravagant actions and      
incoherent words1 but there is a        
madness which escapes the common eye--a 
madness of the soul1 which  as          
effectually destroys the balance and    
contracts the usefulness of  man's life1
 as the wildest inconsistencies of      
conduct4    ,with every means of        
happiness within his reach1 but for a   
strange and  ridiculous fancy2 with     

riches1 the highest connexions1 a fine  
person  and good education1 this young  
man indulged the idea that he was soon  
to die4 ,it was impossible to shake off 
this illusion4 ,considering  himself as 
doomed1 he told me that he thought he   
was bound to make  the most of the      
little time that remained for him1 and  
he supported  himself under this idea1  
so terrific to an ill-regulated mind1 by
  opium1 brandy1 and any kind of        
stimulus4    ,now his disease was this3 
,having taken by some accident this     
impression1 he resorted to a bad remedy 
to drive it away4 ,each  application    
only drove the poison still deeper into 
his system4 ,he  allowed himself no     
lucid interval4 ,could he have been     
prostrated by a  fit of sickness1 and   
placed under proper care1 and recovered 
slowly  from his disease1 his mind might
 have been restored4 ,but once in1  he  
continued to weaken his strength by     
artificial stimulus1 and his  mind had  
no opportunity to resume its natural    

tone4 ,the drunkard only  can recover   
from his malady by going through the    
ordeal of a trial  by water4 ,he must   
expect to be prostrated4 ,he must suffer
 intense  agony for days1 and perhaps   
weeks1 but if he perseveres1 his cure is
  certain4    ,collins visited at some  
houses1 and was caressed by a few1 as 'a
  character4' ,he enjoyed the reputation
 of being an elegant scholar1  among    
persons to whom he had never given the  
slightest evidence of  scholarship1 and 
who probably did not know what the      
classics were4  ,this is very common4   
,who ever knew a case of a young man's  
throwing  himself away1 particularly if 
his connections are respectable1 when   
it was not said3 ',what a pity6 ,he is  
the flower of the family2 might  be any 
thing1 only----'    ,the ladies1 dear   
souls6 saw in him a desolated genius4   
,it would be  laughable to tell the     
thousand and one stories circulated     
about his  love affair4 ,they used to   
get him to sing his plaintive airs1 and 

how it went to their hearts to hear the 
tones of a broken heart4  ,he1 under the
 influence of powerful doses of opium1  
enjoyed this4 ,he  yielded to the idea  
that he was what they thought him1 and  
was happy  in the luxury of wo4 ,after  
one of these displays1 he would ask me  
to  relate to him what occurred the     
evening before1 for he did not know1    
though all the time he appeared to the  
company as perfectly rational4    ,the  
students did not expose him1 though they
 saw pretty nearly what  he was4 ,i1 ,i 
cannot tell why1 was with him           
constantly1 and took  pleasure in his   
society4 ,it was something new to me1   
and gave me an  opportunity of studying 
myself4    ,the example of this man     
constantly before me1 the fact that ,i  
associated with him1 contrary to the    
wishes of my friends1 in the  course of 
time alienated from me the good feeling 
of my former  friends2 or they felt     
bound to resent my neglect of them1 by  
corresponding coldness4 ,i did feel     

bitterly toward them1 for their  neglect
 of ,collins1 and always took his part2 
and when lightly spoken  of1 resented it
 as an insult to myself4    ,in this    
way1 ,i lost the confidence and         
friendship of those men who  could have 
still been1 would ,i have permitted it1 
of inestimable  advantage to me in      
healing my own distempered mind4        
,collins and myself at last were        
constantly together1 and each other's   
only companions4 ,i gradually fell into 
his habits4 ,certain it is1  that we    
enjoyed some ,elysian hours4 ,in the    
lonely still nights1  when all else     
seemed lost in sleep1 and the sound of  
labor broke  not upon the ear to remind 
us that we were in a toiling world1 we  
used to sally forth and wander through  
the meadows that skirt the  river in    
this delightful region4 ,under the      
soothing influence of  that drug1 which 
creates first a heaven and then a hell1 
we talked  and sang to the stars1 and   
the beautiful earth1 and the bright     

moon1  and thought we were happy4 ,a man
 must be far gone for this world1  who  
goes straight about such an excitement  
of his system1 when he  knows1 as we    
did1 the agony that was to follow1 after
 the charm had  ceased4 ,i was the      
greatest sufferer4 ,my constitution was 
naturally  strong2 capable of great     
action and raction4 ,while ,collins was 
left in dull apathy and lethargy1 ,i    
woke from the trance of joy to          
excessive nervous pain4 ,my mind was    
filled with dismal images4 ,i  had      
horrid forebodings4 ,my broken vows to  
my father--the probable  misery ,i had  
caused her who really loved me--the days
 of quiet and  peaceful happiness ,i    
might have enjoyed by a different       
course--my  ruin--glimpses of what ,i   
am--all came to my mind1 and inflicted  
the keenest torture4 ,i lived over again
 all the pains ,i had ever  suffered4   
,it seemed as if miseries were          
accumulated to crush me4 ,i  meditated  
self-destruction4 ,i prayed for death4  

,this frame of mind  would continue for 
days1 during which time ,i kept my room1
 and lived  upon the most simple diet4  
,but when recovered in body and mind1   
and going out with strongest resolution1
 as ,i thought1 some new  temptation    
would assail me1 and the same scene1 the
 same agony1 the  same remorse1 were    
acted over and over again2 and what     
makes it more  astonishing1 there was a 
sincerity in this resistance1 which     
repeated  failure could not lead me to  
doubt4    ,my only object in forming    
this acquaintance1 was pity for         
,collins'  solitary state1 and a desire 
to alleviate the pain he seemed to      
suffer4 ,my motive1 if ,i know my own   
heart1 was good4 ,even believers  in    
human depravity will give me credit for 
honesty of intention4 ',the  way to hell
 is paved with good intentions1' says   
the preacher4 ,how  true6    ,in one of 
my fits of voluntary seclusion1 ,i read 
',hope ,leslie4' ,let  me here give the 
evidence of my own experience in favor  

of that  book4 ,the study of the law was
 relinquished1 and ,i read only works   
of feverish interest1 when ,i read any  
thing4 ,after the indulgence  of        
irregular passions1 every one who has   
suffered1 knows that the  mind is left  
in a flighty state2 we have strange     
visions1 and think  strange thoughts2 in
 short1 we are quite poetic4 ,poetry1   
novels1  music6 how grateful they are6  
,they lead us away from ourselves1 and  
we are just unsound enough to yield     
entirely to the illusion4 ,under  such  
circumstances1 ,i read ',hope ,leslie4' 
,i was a week about it1 and  ,i read all
 the time too4 ,i was so enchanted with 
the book1 that ,i  consumed it as the   
child eats his sugar-plums1 by little   
and little1  to make it last the longer1
 dwelling over each passage2 reading a  
scene1 and then walking the room1 and   
picturing out the lofty ,indian1  the   
heroic ,magawisca1 the generous youth1  
and the gentle mother4 ,how  ,i         
revelled6 ,beside1 ,i felt strengthened 

and elevated by the high tone  of moral 
sentiment contained in that work4 ,it   
was the happiest week ,i  ever lived1   
infinitely surpassing all possible      
reality4          ,,lines    ,,in       
,,humble ,,imitation ,,of ,,an          
,,inimitable ,,scottish ,,poet4         
,i ,,would ,i were the slight fern      
growing        ,beneath my ,highland    
,mary's tread2      ,i would ,i were the
 green tree throwing        ,its shadow 
o'er her gentle head3      ,i would ,i  
were a wild flower springing            
,where my sweet ,mary loves to rest1    
,that she might pluck me while she's    
singing1        ,and place me on her    
snowy breast6        ,i would ,i were in
 yonder heaven1        ,a silver star1  
whose soft dim light      ,would rise to
 bless each summer even1        ,and    
watch my ,mary all the night3      ,i   
would beneath those small white fingers 
,i were the lute her breath has fanned--
      ,the plaintive lute1 whose soft   
note lingers1        ,as loath to leave 

her fairy hand4        ,ah1 happy       
things6 ye may not wander        ,from  
,scotland to some darker sky1      ,but 
ever live unchanging yonder1        ,to 
happiness and ,mary nigh2      ,while ,i
 at midnight1 sadly weeping1            
,upon its deep transparent blue         
,can only gaze1 while all are sleeping1 
,and dream my ,mary watches too6        
,,sonnet3 ,,to ,,mrs4 ---- ---- ----    
,,by ,w4 ,,gilmore ,,simms4             
,,sweet ,lady6 in the name of one no    
more1      ,both of us loved1 and       
neither can forget1      ,make me thy   
brother1 though our hearts before1      
,perchance have never in communion met3 
,give me thy gentle memories1 though    
there be1      ,between our forms1 some 
thousand miles of sea1      ,wild tract1
 and weary desert3 let me still1        
,whate'er the joy that warms me1 or the 
thrill      ,that tortures1 and from    
which ,i may not flee--      ,hold a    
sweet1 sacred place within thy breast6  
,in this1 my spirit shall be more than  

blest2      ,and1 in my prayers1 if     
haply prayers of mine      ,be not a    
wrong unto a soul like thine1           
,there shall be blessings from the skies
 for thee4          ,,random ,,passages 
,,from ,,rough ,,notes ,,of ,a ,,visit  
,,to ,,england1 ,,scotland1 ,,france1   
,,switzerland1 ,,and ,,germany4         
,,number ,,six4    ,,switzerland1       
7,,concluded7 ,,germany4                
,,lausanne1 ,,august #bf4--,we left ,st4
 ,bernard1 well pleased with our  hosts1
 and hastened back to ,martigny1 where  
we procured an open  carriage1 and      
proceeded directly to ,st4 ,maurice1    
there to lodge4  ,the ride along the    
banks of the ,rhone1 in the cool of the 
evening1  was delicious4 ,as it grew    
dark1 the bonfires of the               
chamois-hunters  were lit up here and   
there on the distant mountains2 and     
among other  things1 we passed a        
beautiful cascade1 seven hundred feet   
high1  flowing out of a solid rock4 ,at 
half past three this morning1 we  were  

aroused from our slumbers at ,st4       
,maurice1 to take the omnibus  for      
,villeneuve1 at the head of the ,lake of
 ,geneva4 ,it was just after  sunrise1  
on another soft and lovely morning1 when
 we stepped on board  the steamer ',le  
,leman' to sail down this glorious lake1
 now placid  and smooth as a mirror4    
,the boat was well filled1 principally  
with  ,english tourists4 ,we passed near
 the walls of the famous ,castle of     
,chillon1 where ,bonnivard1 ,byron's    
',prisoner1' lingered in chains3        
',chillon6 thy prison is a holy place1  
,and thy sad floor an altar--for 'twas  
trod1      ,until his very steps have   
left a trace1        ,worn as if thy    
cold pavement were a sod1      ,by      
,bonnivard6--,may none those marks      
efface1        ,for they appeal from    
tyranny to ,god6'    ,the castle is at  
the foot of the hill1 on the very margin
 of the  lake1 and seems almost to rise 
out of the water4 ,the poet has finely  
pictured in his ',prisoner' a striking  

scene of loneliness1 amidst  nature's   
fairest works4 ,we passed ,clarens1 too1
 the 'sweet ,clarens'  of the author of 
',helise3'        '',twas not for       
fiction chose ,rousseau this spot1      
,peopling it with affections4 ',tis     
lone1      ,and wonderful1 and deep1 and
 hath a sound1      ,and sense1 and     
sight of sweetness3 here the ,rhone     
,hath spread himself a couch1#a the     
,alps have reared a throne4'    ,at     
eleven o'clock we arrived at ,lausanne1 
via its port1 ,ouchi1  for the town is a
 fourth of a mile up the hill4 ,this is 
a large but  irregularly-built town1 and
 is much frequented by the ,english4    
,the  house where ,gibbon lived yet     
remains1 and is now occupied by an      
,english family4 ,here ,i took leave of 
the friendly party1 and am to  proceed  
alone to regions as yet to me unknown4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,,berne1 ,,august #bh4--;,had a         
moonlight night-ride from ,lausanne1    
whence  we departed at seven1 ,p4 ,m4 ,i

 am now coming to the ,cantons where    
,german is usually spoken1 so ,i suppose
 ,i must play deaf and dumb1  and talk  
by signs1 guessing the import of what   
they say to me1 as  ,i did1 for example1
 at the diligence office1 when ,i paid  
my fare2  but in this case ,i was left  
in a non-plus4 ,when ,i took my seat1   
they  motioned me out2 and ,i stood     
patiently waiting to be disposed of4    
,my luggage was put on1 the diligence   
was filled and started off1  leaving me 
there1 solus1 in deep cogitation4 ,well1
 'thinks ,i to  myself1' they are very  
polite6 ,presently1 however1 a smart    
buggy  came along1 and the driver       
civilly beckoned me to take a seat4     
,feeling very cool and good-natured1 in 
,i jumped1 at the risk of going  where  
'the d----l drives2' for ,i really was  
somewhat in the dark1  and ,i couldn't  
be positive whether it was not the 'old 
gentleman'  himself4 ,soon1 however1    
these dismal doubts were dispelled by   
our  overtaking the diligence1 and      

receiving an ,english gentleman into the
  buggy2 and then the simple truth      
flashed upon me1 that the diligence  was
 full1 and they were 'forwarding' me in 
an extra1 as they are  obliged to do1 by
 law of the land1 all who apply before  
the time4    ,in some learned           
discussions about ,england1 ,i happened 
to say that  the law securing the       
descent of property of the nobility1    
there1  exclusively to the oldest son1  
seemed to me very unjust4 ,my companion 
said he 'gloried in it2' though he      
himself was a 'younger son1 he  abhorred
 democracy and equality4' ,and with some
 more talk1 ,i fell  asleep1 and left   
him to his cigar4    ,i was somewhat    
diverted with a prevalent custom of the 
,germans--that  of embracing and kissing
 each other1 when taking leave4 ,i      
refer1 of  course1 to the men2 for an   
affectionate salutation of this sort to 
the ladies1 it would be unpardonable to 
omit4 ,but to see the 'grave  and       
reverend seignors' bussing each other1  

is a little queer4    ,at two1 ,a4 ,m41 
we stopped at a place called            
,peterlinden1 and got some  coffee in a 
'loft4' ,about daylight1 we were riding 
in sight of ,lake  ,neufchatel1 and     
passed the little village of ,morat1    
where the ,swiss  heroically defeated an
 invasion of the ,burgundians1 in #addj3
 of which  ,byron says3#b        ',there
 is a spot should not be passed in vain1
      ,morat6 the proud1 the patriot    
field6 where man      ,may gaze on      
ghastly trophies of the slain1#c        
,nor blush for those who conquered on   
that plain4             99       99     
99       99       99      ,while        
,waterloo with ,cann's carnage vies1    
,morat and ,marathon1 twin names shall  
stand4'    ,it is vastly amusing and    
edifying to observe the 'whims and      
oddities'  of the various people one    
meets with on these routes1 or indeed   
any  where4 ,the ,english and ,germans  
generally like each other1 while  both  
dislike the ,french2 and all are equally

 prejudiced against  we poor            
,americans--perhaps not without reason4 
,there are too many  young ,americans1  
who ape the worst traits of the ,english
 character1  abroad1 and make themselves
 ridiculous1 by an affected hauteur and 
reserve4 ,there were two such at ----1  
whom our ,scotchman pronounced          
'contemptible puppies2 for they         
considered themselves too good to  speak
 to the ,misses ----1 because they kept 
a pension2' and he  added1 rather rudely
 and illiberally1 that 'all ,americans  
are alike1  when they think they have   
got money enough to act the aristocrat4'
  ,this sweeping charge was not worth   
notice1 and would never be made by  the 
better class of ,english or ,scotch2 but
 it must be owned1 there is  some ground
 for it2 and it is too bad1 that a few  
dandy upstarts  abroad should excite    
prejudice against the whole of us4      
,at nine this morning1 we rode through a
 long shady avenue1 lined with  elms1   
into the handsome town of ,berne1 the   

capital of ,switzerland4 ,it  is built  
on a peninsula1 formed by the windings  
of a little stream  called the ,aar1 in 
the midst of an extensive and fertile   
plain4 ,the  two principal streets are  
long and uniform1 the buildings being   
all  of gray stone1 projecting on heavy 
arches over the side-walks4 ,in  the    
,rue ,grand are several public          
fountains1 adorned with grotesque       
figures4 ,at the city-gate1 a couple of 
wooden 'grisly bears1' 7the  arms of the
 ,canton17 look down upon all visitors1 
with a scrutinizing  but rather inviting
 glance4 ,the cathedral is a very       
curious piece of  antique architecture1 
especially the great door1 which is     
elaborately  ornamented with            
emblematical sculpture4 ,but the most   
attractive  spot in ,berne is the public
 promenade1 by the side of the river1   
from whence you have a magnificent      
prospect of the whole range of  the     
,oberland ,alps1 covered with perpetual 
snows1 probably the most  imposing array

 of mountains in the world1 at least the
 finest to be  seen at one view4 ,a     
visit to some of this range1 through the
 valleys  of ,grindelwald and           
,lauterbrunen1 is usually a prominent   
object to the  ,swiss tourist4 ,near the
 summit of one of these peaks1 where    
'winter  reigns supreme1' the ,jung     
,frau1 is the awful precipice where     
,byron's  ',manfred' was stopped by the 
chamois hunter from taking a final leap4
    ,the city and canton of ,berne have 
always been noted as the most           
aristocratic of the confederacy1 both in
 laws and in the spirit of  the people4 
,each canton1 it seems1 has a different 
costume3#d  ,that of the ,berne damsels 
is marked by white starched             
over-sleeves1  extending to the elbows1 
and a broad black lace ruffle stuck up  
over  the head1 which makes them look   
like ,peter ,wilkins' flying islanders4 
#bi,,th4--,like ,mr4 ,cooper1 we        
patronize ',le ,fauon2' and the ,rev4   
,mr4  ,cunningham has invited me among  

the ,anglaise to hear the church        
service read in his room4 ,the principal
 topic of the day in ,berne  is the     
dispute with ,louis ,phillipe1 which at 
present looks rather  squally4          
99       99       99       99       99  
,,alpnach1 ,,lake ,,of ,,luzerne1       
#cj,,th4--,the ride from ,berne to ,thun
 was very  agreeable1 notwithstanding ,i
 was obliged to take the interieur1     
among some inveterate smokers4 ,the     
scenery continued to be beautiful1  but 
very different from that we had passed a
 few days since--the  'lofty heights'   
being in full view1 but far distant4    
,thun is a picturesque little village   
situated in an enchanting place  on the 
,aar1 near the head of the lake of the  
same name1 which forms  one of a series 
of the most charming sheets of water in 
,europe4  ,instead of the diligence     
route to ,luzerne1 ,i was tempted to    
enjoy  the luxury of a sail over these  
lakes2 and accordingly left ,thun       
yesterday morning in a little steamer1  

which plies on the ',thuner  ,see' to   
,interlachen1 another pretty village1   
situated1 as its name  implies1 between 
two lakes1 ,thun and ,brientz4 ,it      
contains several  good pensions1 and is 
much frequented by tourists in search of
  health2 and well it may be2 for the   
region round about is a paradise4  ',the
 air itself is a nosegay1 the coarse    
bread a banquet1 and the  simple whey of
 the ,alps is worth all the elixirs of  
the apothecary4'  ,you may not          
sympathize1 perhaps1 in my enjoyment of 
this ,swiss  tour--would you were here  
to enjoy it with me6--for ,i know it is 
tantalizing to read of the 'fairest     
places of the earth1' when one  must    
long in vain to be in them2 and yet1 it 
is pleasant to tell  those we love of   
the pleasant things we have had the good
 fortune to  fall in with4    ,on our   
way to ,interlachen1 from the boat1 we  
passed through the queer  and romantic  
old town of ,unterseen4 ,interlachen is 
near the ,lake  of ,brientz2 and there1 

with the assistance of an obliging      
,french  gentleman1 who volunteered as  
my interpreter1 ,i hired a small boat   
with four rowers1 to take me over the   
lake to the town of ,brientz1  a        
distance of ten miles4 ,there ,i got    
'some lunch1' and hired a  horse and    
guide for my luggage1 to ,lungern1 going
 myself1 by way of  variety1 on foot1   
over the ,brunig ,alp4 ,a violent       
thunder-storm1 which  had closely       
pursued us on the lake1 overtook me on  
the summit of the  rugged ,brunig1 and1 
at the expense of a thorough drenching1 
,i had a  fine chance to observe the    
sublime commotion of the elements2 and  
sure enough1                            
----',far along      ,from peak to peak1
 the rattling crags among1      ,leaped 
the live thunder6'    ,the movements of 
the clouds beneath me1 after the shower1
 were  extremely beautiful and grand2   
rising in detached masses1 gracefully   
and majestically up the sides of the    
mountains1 and parting slowly  from     

their summits1 or from the green vales  
below1 like a veil  which had covered a 
mystery4 ,huge masses of rock overhang  
the path  in several places1 threatening
 to tumble suddenly upon the unwary     
traveller1 or the cottages below2 and   
abundant are the proofs that  'such     
things have been4'    ,i have said so   
much about fine prospects1 that the one 
from the  ,brunig shall only be referred
 to1 and you may read of it elsewhere4  
,at ,lungern1 ,i dined1 and hired a     
chaise to take me1 solus1 to the  ,lake 
of the ,four ,cantons4 ,the ride was    
along the banks of two more  lakes1     
,lungern and ,sarnen1 both of which are 
of a sea-green color1  deep as the blue 
of the ',leman4' ,there was little to   
remark1 except  an occasional           
water-fall1 or the ruddy peasant girls  
on the banks1  spinning flax4    ,at    
sunset1 after traversing four lakes1 and
 a mountain of no mean  dimensions1     
since breakfast1 ,i was received by mine
 host at the  ',cheval-,blanc1' at      

,alpnach1 who is much noted1 it seems1  
as an  honest1 attentive1 and eccentric 
,swiss publican 'of the old school4'    
,the hotels1 be it observed1 throughout 
,switzerland1 are generally  excellent4 
,the plain but substantial fare which   
they give you1 among  the mountains1 may
 be partaken of1 after a ramble in those
 regions  of pure and bracing air1 with 
better relish than a princely feast  in 
courtly halls2 and in the larger towns  
they will spread a table  d'hte which   
would do credit to ,meurice1 of the ,rue
 ,rivoli1 or  ,boyden1 of the ,astor    
,house4 ,at all the inns1 visitors are  
expected  and even required to write in 
the ',book of ,chronicles' not only     
their name and residence1 but           
occupation1 destination1 and 'where     
from3' and in the 'highland tour' they  
usually add 'remarks1' scraps  of       
doggerel1 and praise or abuse of the    
last visited inn2 such as  ',avoid the  
',epee' at ,zurich2' ',go by all means  
to the ',cygne'  at ,luzerne4' ,italy   

being blockaded by cholera and          
quarantines1 this  season1 its neighbor 
,switzerland is more than usually       
swarmed with  tourists2 and a good many 
,american names may be found recorded in
 the  medley albums4           99       
99       99       99       99           
,,luzerne1 ,,august #cj4--;,in company  
with a couple of very agreeable         
,english gentlemen1 who had just        
returned from ,italy1 we took a boat  at
 ,alpnach1 and were rowed down the ,lake
 of the ,four ,cantons to this          
beautiful place4 ,this lake is one of   
the largest1 and certainly the  most    
picturesque1 in ,switzerland1 being     
irregular in its shape1  indented with  
little bays1 and affording1 in its whole
 extent1 every  variety of scenery4     
,after doubling several of its          
promontories1 in a  sail of two hours1  
we landed almost on the very steps of   
the favorite  ',hotel de ,cygne' at     
,luzerne4 ,it is a capital house1 close 
to the  water1 and as we sit at dinner1 

we have on one side a fine panoramic    
view of the ,bay of ,naples1 and1 on the
 other1 the real panorama of  this      
beautiful lake and surrounding          
mountains4    ,we dined sumptuously at  
the table d'hte1 and then walked out to 
a  garden in the suburbs to see a famous
 piece of sculpture from a model  by    
,thorwaldsen1 the ,swedish artist4 ,it  
is a colossal lion1 pierced  with a     
barb1 cut out on the side of a hill of  
rock1 and under it  are inscribed the   
names of the ,swiss guards who fell in  
the ,french  revolutions of '#hi and    
'#cj4 ,it is remarkable that ,swiss     
soldiers  are yet employed as the       
body-guards of the kings of ,france1    
,naples1  etc41 as more trustworthy than
 their own people4 ,these guards are    
formally 'let out' by the ,swiss        
government2 but how such a proceeding   
is compatible with national honor1 ,i am
 at a loss to conceive4 ,there  are two 
covered wooden bridges at ,luzerne1 each
 fourteen hundred feet  long3 the       

interiors are adorned with curious old  
paintings1 of the  ,dutch school1       
comprising a regular series of scripture
 subjects4    ,you will recollect that  
this is the place from whence the       
travellers  set out in the graphic      
opening scene of ',anne of ,gierstein4' 
,it is in  the vicinity of the scenes of
 ,tell's exploits1 of the battle-field  
of ,sempach1 and many other interesting 
spots4 ,the gloomy and  'cloud-capt'    
brow of ,mount ,pilatus1 where tradition
 says ,pontius  ,pilate threw himself   
into the lake6 is a conspicuous object  
on one  side2 and opposite1 is the      
isolated ,mount ,rhigi1 on the top of   
which  we propose to lodge to-night1 as 
all faithful travellers here do1 for    
the sake of 'the most magnificent sunset
 and sunrise prospect which  the world  
affords4'           99       99       99
       99       99    ,,summit ,,of     
,,the ,,rhigi1 ,,september              
#a4--,yesterday1 at eleven1 ,a4 ,m41 ,i 
took boat with my companion1 7an        

intelligent young student from          
,cambridge1 ,eng417 and we pushed across
 the lake to ,kusnacht1 near  ,william  
,tell's chapel1 and the place where he  
escaped from ,gesler4  ,thence we       
proceeded without a guide1 the ascent   
appearing to be  quite easy2 but we had 
the luck to lose our way and lose each  
other3 nevertheless1 we pressed forward 
to the goal1 like ,bunyan's  ',pilgrim1'
 tugging and climbing under an intensely
 hot sun1 up1 up1  up1 every step       
seeming to be the last1 until ,i for one
 almost gave  up in despair1 when the   
friendly halloo6 of some peasants       
pointed me  to the path4 ,at length we  
met each other near the top1 on the side
  toward ,altorf2 and at six ,p4 ,m4    
arrived at the inn1 almost fainting     
with hunger and fatigue1 and well able  
to do justice to a good supper4    ,much
 as report had raised my anticipations1 
the view from the ,rhigi  ,kulm far     
exceeded them3 yet perhaps that from    
some points half-way to  the summit1 if 

not so extensive1 is more pleasing and  
beautiful4#e  ,from the top1 the eye    
takes in too much2 and large towns and  
lakes  appear like baby's play-houses   
and frog-ponds1 and much as they would  
from a balloon4 ,but the grand whole is 
certainly magnificent2 a  view of the   
whole of ,switzerland could not be      
otherwise3        ',lakes1 rivers1 long 
drawn vales1 towns1 hamlets1 towers1    
,from ,gothard's glacier-snows to       
,swabia's bowers4'    ,thirteen lovely  
lakes1 of which those of ,luzerne1 ,zug 
and ,zurich are  the nearest and most   
conspicuous2 with a hundred villages    
scattered  along their banks4 ,on the   
south1 the sublime and gigantic array of
  the snowy ,alps of ,unterwald and the 
,grisons1 even to the borders  of       
,italy2 while on the other hand1 'the   
view extends into the very  centre of   
,swabia1 presenting a richly-colored    
relief1 over which the  eye of the      
spectator roves in silent rapture1 as   
the eagle1 hovering  in mid air or from 

his arie1 in some isolated pinnacle of  
the ,alps1  looks down upon the states  
and kingdoms scattered at his feet4 ,the
  sound of sheep-bells from the         
pastures1 mingling with others that1    
with a deeper and more distant chime1   
call the villagers to matins2  the smoke
 of the first fires1 curling in light   
blue wreaths above  their sheltering    
woods2 the lowing of herds1 rushing to  
their morning  pasture2 the mountain    
peaks1 varying in tint and distinctness 
as  the light oversteps their summits2  
the glaciers1 gradually changing  their 
snowy glare into a purple1 and then a   
rosy glow2 spires and  pinnacles        
catching the first ray of light1 and    
assuming their wonted  station as       
land-marks in the scene2 sails1 half in 
shade and half in  sunshine1 skimming   
the lakes with their rural produce and  
population2  the ,alpine horn1 pealing  
its signals from the pastoral bergs     
around2  the pilgrim-troop1 with solemn 
chant and motley costume1 bringing      

their donations to the confessional of  
',our ,lady2' the screams  of the       
vulture in pursuit of his prey1 and many
 other sights and  sounds which it would
 be tedious to enumerate1 strike the eye
 and  imagination of the stranger so    
forcibly1 that he feels for a time as   
if transported into the mysteries of a  
new world4'    ,this is in the early    
morning2 but the most beautiful sight   
this  evening was a sea of clouds       
resting on the minor hills1 far beneath 
us1 the peaks just peeping above1 like  
so many little islands in the  ocean4   
,bodies of vapor also hung1 like a      
canopy1 over a part of the  lakes2 but  
with us the sky was perfectly clear1 and
 the sun went down  in cloudless glory2 
and when the last morsel disappeared1   
the ,germans  of the party doffed their 
beavers1 and made him a low parting bow4
           99       99       99       99
       99    ,,zurich1 ,,september      
#a4--;,cooling as was the change of air 
on the ,rhigi1  after such a warm       

ascent1 ,i never felt brighter than     
after my  nap in that high position1    
five thousand seven hundred feet above  
the tide4 ,by-the-by1 the announcement  
at nine1 of ',la lune6 la  lune6'       
produced a rush from the supper table1  
but the keen1 bracing  atmosphere soon  
compelled the ladies to retreat to their
 rooms4 ,at  'four-and-a-half1' we were 
roused from our slumbers by a 'trumpet's
  martial sound1' announcing the        
approach of the 'king of day4' ,it  was 
beautiful to watch the changing tints of
 the sky1 for an hour  before the sun   
appeared4 ,not a cloud was to be seen in
 the horizon1  for we were far above    
them2 but when the sun's dazzling rays  
began  to be reflected on the hill-tops1
 and on the sea of vapor beneath  us1   
and the mists began to roll away from   
over the lakes1 gradually  disclosing   
their varied outline1 or lifting the    
canopy from the quiet  towns1 the scene 
was truly exquisite to look upon4    ,i 
left the ',kulm' alone1 at six1 and came

 down in an hour and a half1  on the    
side toward ,goldau4 ,this is the       
village that was destroyed  in #ahjf1 by
 the fall of a part of ,mount ,rossberg1
 when nearly five  hundred persons1 and 
property to the amount of half a        
million1  were suddenly buried under a  
mass of earth1 which our ,mr4 ,cooper   
ascertained to be equal in bulk to all  
the buildings in ,new-,york put         
together6#f ,from thence ,i walked along
 the banks of the ,zuder ,see1  to the  
curious old town of ,zug4 ,this lake is 
nine miles long4 ,the  road on its banks
 is lined with fruit trees1 and ,i      
filled my pockets  with nice fresh      
prunes for the gathering4 ,blackberries 
in profusion  are there also4 ,it was   
another delicious day1 and ,i           
experienced none  of the miseries so    
elegantly described1  la ,wordsworth1 in
 the ,album  at ,alpnach3        ',i    
wandered 'midst the untrodden ways      
,beside the banks of ,zug2      ,and    
there ,i met with scores of fleas1      

,and there with many a bug1' etc4       
,there was ringing of bells1 and firing 
of cannon1 which made a  tremendous echo
 across the lake1 but for what cause ,i 
did not learn4  ,at ,zug ,i got dinner1 
and a direction to a by-path 'across    
lots' of  potatoe-fields to ,horgern1 on
 the ,zurich ,see1 where ,i was to take 
the steam-boat to this place4 ,i was    
alone1 and not a soul on the way  could 
speak any thing but vulgar ,german4 ,i  
was stared at as if from  the clouds2   
and albeit not conscious1 like the third
 ,richard1 of any  special deformity1   
yet1        ',as ,i passed1 the dogs did
 bark at me4'    ,at one village1 a cur 
at the first house commenced the salute1
 which  was continued to the last1 by   
every        ',mongrel1 puppy1 whelp1   
and hound1      ,and cur of low degree4'
    ,the folks did not know what ,i     
meant by ,horgern1 because ,i did not   
roll it out with their horrid nasal     
pronunciation4 ,i stopped to  fill my   
flask at a spring1 and had the luck to  

learn of a farmer  that ,i was going    
just the wrong way4 ,at length1 after   
achieving  another mountain1 a splendid 
landscape was spread out before me2 the 
beautiful ,lake of ,zurich1 bordered    
with vineyards1 and neat villages1      
flanked by another range of snow-capped 
,alps4 ,with staff in hand1 and         
knapsack on back1 as ,i approached      
',the margin of fair ,zurich's waters1' 
,i met a posse of 'fair ,zurich's       
daughters1' and of course doffed my     
beaver to the fairest1 whereat they were
 all vastly tickled1 and  perhaps a     
little jealous of the 'favored one'     
7a-hem67 but bon  jour1 or              
'alack-well-a-day1' was all ,i could    
say1 so ,i proceeded  to the 'margin1'  
found there was no steam-boat1 hired a  
boat1 took  in a lady1 who applied for a
 passage1 and pushed off for ,zurich4   
,it  was a lovely afternoon1 and as     
pretty a sail as ,i have yet had4 ,i    
had this morning seen the sun rise from 
the summit of the ,rhigi2 and  now1     

after walking thirty-five miles in nine 
hours1 under his hottest  beams1 ,i saw 
him set on the ,lake of ,zurich4 ,this  
lake is nearly  twenty miles long4 ,as  
we came near the town1 we passed several
  charming pleasure-gardens1 on the very
 margin of the water4 ,zurich  is       
situated much like ,geneva1 being built 
on both sides of the rapid  stream which
 flows out at the head of the lake4 ,it 
is quite a large  and city-like place1  
and evidently a flourishing one4 ,i saw 
several  large buildings in the course  
of erection4 ,the walks and rides in its
  environs1 and the sail on its waters1 
are delightful in the extreme4    ,it   
was eight o'clock1 ,p4 ,m41 when my     
boatmen landed me on the dock1  and it  
was with no little trouble that ,i found
 the ,gastoff ,zum  ,schwardt1 or ,hotel
 de ,l',epe1 for my pronunciation of the
 name would  not pass4 ,it is a good    
inn1 near the lake1 but always full1 and
 very  dear4 ,mine host politely gave me
 a ticket for the town museum and       

reading-room4 ,i had sent my luggage    
here by diligence from ,luzerne1  and   
expected to meet my ,rhigi companion2   
but he does not appear1  and ,i must    
proceed alone to the ,rhine and         
,germany1 'unknowing and  unknown4'     
99       99       99       99       99  
,,schaffhausen1 ,,september #b4 99 99 99
 ,in the ride to this place1 ,i had  my 
first glimpse of the ,rhine1 at the     
village of ,eglisan2 and now  ,i have   
been out to see the celebrated ,,falls  
,,of ,,the ,,rhine1 near  ,schaffhausen4
 ,i came to them from above1 and was    
disappointed2 but  ,i found the right   
view is from the bend1 on the other     
side4 ,the  falls are certainly         
beautiful and picturesque1 but not very 
grand  or marvellous4 ,if the falls even
 of the ,androscoggin at good old       
,brunswick were in ,europe1 they would  
be quite a 'lion' in their way4         
,having now 'done ,switzerland1' you may
 ask1 ',have we not scenery at  home1   
equal to any in that land of wonders8'  

,and1 at the risk1 as ,mr4  ,cooper     
says1 of being called unpatriotic and   
'spoiled by travelling1'  ,i must say   
no--at least so far as my knowledge     
goes4 ,the ',notch'  at the ,white      
,mountains is equal in wildness and     
grandeur to any  scenery in ,scotland2  
of course it exceeds any in ,england1   
and  probably1 the rest of ,europe1     
which is saying a good deal2 but  ,swiss
 scenery1 i4e41 among the higher ,alps1 
you must bear in  mind is on a vastly   
larger scale than either4 ,think of     
mountains  two or three times as high as
 ,mount ,washington1 in some cases      
rising  almost perpendicularly1 or      
overhanging valleys eight or ten        
thousand  feet below1 their summits     
tapering off in fantastic shapes1 and   
pyramids of rock4 ,it is scenery of a   
different character1 probably1  from any
 other2 unique in its wild sublimity4   
,so also with extensive  prospects4 ,our
 ,catskill ,mountain ,house is scarcely 
half as high as  the ,rhigi ,kulm1 and  

as to the relative merits and variety of
 the  view1 ,i would again refer you to 
,mr4 ,cooper's comparison4 ,but with    
these exceptions1 we need not go abroad 
to discover 'the beauties of  nature4'  
,our rivers and river scenery are as    
much superior to those  of ,europe as   
,niagara is to the ,falls of ,trenton3  
even the far-famed  ,rhine1 if ,i may   
judge from this portion of it1 is not   
worthy to be  named with the            
,connecticut1 far less with our noble   
,hudson4    ,the ,swiss views1 recently 
published1 with letter press by ,dr4    
,beattie1 are very correct as well as   
beautiful specimens of art4 ,they  will 
give you a much better notion of the    
country than any book ,i  know of4 ,you 
will perceive ,i visited most of the    
originals1 having  passed through the   
cantons of ,geneva1 ,wallis1 ,waadt1    
,freyburg1 ,berne1  ,luzerne1           
,unterwalden1 ,schwyz1 ,zug1 ,zurich1   
and ,schaffhausen1 beside  an excursion 
to ,savoy and ,piedmont4 ,how much      

,knowles' ,mariana says in  the simple  
exclamation2        ',switzerland is a  
dear country--,switzerland6'    ,the    
name will always recall to me many      
pleasant associations4    ,i am not a   
little puzzled in choosing my route     
through ,germany4  ,i desire to go      
through the ,tyrol to ,bavaria1 ,munich1
 ,prague1 and  ,dresden2 but it is a    
long tour1 and little travelled4 ',the  
,glyptique'  collection of the fine arts
 at ,munich1 and the great ,dresden     
,gallery1  are doubtless worthy of a    
visit2 but on the whole1 ,i think ,i    
shall  content myself with the 'sights' 
of ,frankfort1 ,leipsic1 ,mayence1 the  
sail down the ,rhine to ,coblentz and   
,cologne1 and thence to ,aix la         
,chapelle1 and the cities of ,belgium4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,,germany--,,the ,,rhine4               
,,carlsrhue1 ,,duchy ,,of ,,baden1      
,,september #e4--;,i was somewhat amused
  by a good-looking ,irish gentleman1   
who1 after paying some pretty  sensible 

compliments to the flavor of the bon    
vins of mine  host at ,schaffhausen1    
very kindly offered me his confidence   
and  friendship1 'free gratis for       
nothing1' and proposed a walk to the    
falls1 observing by the way1 while      
telling me this1 that1 and the  other1  
in the between-you-and-me sort of a way1
 that a rascal1  whom he had            
unsuspectingly made his bosom friend and
 room-mate at  ,aix-la-,chapelle1 had1  
with equal good nature1 very            
benevolently  relieved him of the care  
of his purse and gold watch4 ,poor ,pat6
 ,i  fear he was in a fair way to be    
operated upon again1 with equal         
efficacy4    ,schaffhausen is a queer   
old ,germanized town1 quiet and dull4   
,the  ,hibernian and myself were the    
only guests at the principal hotel4 ,i  
had another dreary night-ride from      
thence to the frontier of this  duchy1  
where passports and luggage were duly   
inspected4 ,at sunset1  ,i arrived at   
,offenbourg1 a decent town1 where ,i    

found a very nice  inn1 kept by a nice  
man1 who deals in wines and broken      
,english4 ,he  entertained me           
excellently well1 and sent me on to this
 place this  morning in an extra4 ,we   
stopped to dine at a town1 which ,i took
 for  our ultimatum1 and leisurely      
disposed myself accordingly1 when lo6   
by mere accident1 ,i observed the       
carriage starting off1 with my          
portmanteaus safely behind4 ',ou allez  
vous8'--' ,carlsrhue6' ,so much  for    
being among people of a strange tongue4 
,there seemed to be a uniformity of     
costume in several of the towns4  ,red  
vests and breeches and broad-brimmed1   
hats1 were universal  among men and     
boys2 i4e41 of the peasantry only1 for  
they are a  distinct order of beings on 
the continent4 ,the most laborious part 
of farming1 etc41 is performed by the   
women2 the 'fair sex' here are  expected
 to hold the plough1 rake the hay1 and  
dig the potatoes4 ,what  brutes must the
 men be6    ,carlsrhue1 the duke of     

,baden's capital and residence1 is one  
of the  neatest towns ,i have seen on   
the continent4 ,the streets are broad1  
straight1 and well-paved1 and the       
buildings all of stone1 painted         
cream-color4 ,the chateau of the duke is
 in the form of a crescent1  opposite a 
block of private houses in similar      
style1 thus making an  elegant circle1  
with a garden and orangery in the       
centre4 ,in the rear  of the chateau1 is
 an extensive hunting-park4 ,the whole  
of this duchy  appears to be one level  
plain1 not specially fertile2 and there 
is  little to remark in riding over it1 
except the extensive squadrons of       
geese1 tended by the lasses like a flock
 of sheep1 and the battalions  of       
ganders1 in the shape of the duke's     
soldiers4    ,our introduction to his   
,serene ,lowness1 the ,rhine1 did not   
give us  the most favorable impression  
of his majesty4 ,if one should see that 
part of the river between ,switzerland  
and ,mayence1 and no more1  he would    

pronounce its far-famed beauties all a  
joke4 ,it passes  here through this flat
 uninteresting duchy1 the banks         
affording  nothing more attractive than 
pine bushes1 six feet high2 and the     
river itself has lost its primitive     
attraction at ,schaffhausen1 for  here  
it is of a brown muddy color1 instead of
 its once transparent  green4           
,occasionally1 however1 the monotony of 
the shores is relieved  by a pretty     
town1 which1 the atmosphere being clear1
 and the view  unobstructed1 may be seen
 from a great distance4 ,among others1  
we  passed ,spires and ,worms1 noted for
 their cathedrals1 which are  very      
conspicuous objects from the river2 and 
,manheim1 a handsome  town1 with a fine 
palace1 7now chiefly in ruins17 in the  
midst of  a beautiful park4 ,near       
,manheim is ,heidelberg1 celebrated for 
its  university1 which is the oldest in 
,germany4 ,these places are in the      
',grand ,duchy' of ,hesse-,darmstadt1   
which adjoins that of ,baden4 ,the  boat

 stopped a short time at ,manheim1 and  
we went on shore to see the  palace4    
,it was dusk when we came in sight of   
the famous and very pretty town  of     
,mayence1 our steamer passing through   
the bridge of boats over  the ,rhine1   
which was promptly opened to admit it4  
,the spires1 and  domes of the town1 as 
seen from the river1 give it quite an   
imposing  appearance4 ,we stepped on the
 quay1 with very little bustle1 and     
without any obstruction or examination4 
,the hotels near the river  were all    
full1 but we found good lodgings at the 
',trois ,courounes'  in the interior4 ,i
 shall proceed to-morrow to ,frankfort  
and ,leipsic1  with the intention of    
returning here to take the ,rhine to    
,cologne4           99       99       99
       99       99    ,,frankfort ,,on  
,,the ,,maine1 ,,september #g4--,the    
ride from ,mayence to this  city        
occupied three hours and a half4 ,the   
approach to ,frankfort is  not          
remarkable1 except for the beautiful    

grounds and gardens laid out  on the    
site of the ancient walls and           
fortifications in the environs4         
,frankfort1 you know1 is one of the four
 free cities of ,germany1#g             
7,hanse-,towns17 and is entirely        
independent of any other state1 being  a
 co-equal member of the ,germanic       
confederation1 and important also  as   
the seat of the ,diet4 ,some parts of   
the city are very handsome1  and the    
whole has an air of busy prosperity3 it 
seems to be very like  ,paris1 on a     
smaller scale4 ,the hotels are renowned 
for their size  and excellence2 and as  
the great semi-annual ,fair is in       
operation1  they are at present         
abundantly well patronized4 ,this ,fair 
is quite  an important affair to the    
city3 all the public squares1 quays1    
etc41 are filled with temporary stalls  
and 'magazines' of articles1            
manufactured in different parts of      
,germany1 the merchant announcing       
himself 'from ,berlin1' or ,dresden1 or 

,leipsic4 ,they often bring  samples1   
only1 of their wares1 and from them make
 extensive 'package  sales4' ,i should  
think that one half1 at least1 of these 
were filled  with pipes--a fair         
illustration of the smoking propensities
 of the  ,germans4 ,these pipes are long
 and clumsy1 but most of them are very  
prettily ornamented4 ,the ,germans are  
verily inveterate lovers of the  weed4  
,they smoke every where and on all      
occasions2 the toll-keeper  puffs away  
while he opens the gate1 the conducteur1
 regulating the  diligence1 the         
shop-keeper1 while he makes your bill4  
,all classes and  degrees are alike in  
this respect--the duke1 the 'professor1'
 the  peasant4 ,the charms of the       
practice are especially exemplified in  
the interior of a crowded diligence on a
 hot day1 when three fourths  of the    
passengers are doing their best to      
suffocate one another with  fumes of    
smoke from pipes1 and brimstone from    
matches4 ,remonstrance  from a novice in

 the science is vain1 for though        
otherwise polite and  obliging1 they    
seem to think smoking so much a matter  
of course1 to  prize it above their meat
 and drink1 even above their wine1 that 
they  do not imagine it can be          
disagreeable4    ,the river ,maine1     
which falls into the ,rhine at ,mayence1
 or ,mainz1 is  an insignificant stream1
 only navigable by flat boats which go  
down  with the current1 and are drawn up
 by horses1 as in canals4 ,frankfort  is
 built on both sides of the river1 but  
the greater part is on the  north4 ,the 
quays are broad1 and afford a handsome  
architectural  display1 the buildings   
being all of a light cream color1 like  
those  of the ,french capital4 ,i       
observed no very splendid public        
buildings1  but the principal street1   
containing several of the great hotels1 
is  very spacious and stately4 ,in the  
,hotel de ,ville is preserved1 among    
other archives1 the original of the     
celebrated ',golden ,bull4'           99

       99       99       99       99    
,,leipsic1 ,,september #aj4--;,here am  
,i1 in the very heart of ,germany1 in   
the centre of ,europe1 within ten hours'
 ride of ,dresden1 one day of  ,berlin1 
two of ,prague1 three of ,munich1 four  
of ,warsaw1 ten of ,st4  ,petersburgh1  
and a few more of ,rome1                
,constantinople1 and ,jerusalem1  all of
 which ,i would fain honor with a visit1
 did time and the  'needful' permit2 at 
present1 however1 this will be my       
ultimatum1  and to-morrow ,i shall      
commence what the ,frenchman said       
,napoleon did1  after the memorable     
battle of this same ,leipsic1 not a     
retreat1 but a  mouvement retrograde    
toward home4 ,my journeyings will now be
 toward  the setting instead of the     
rising sun4    ,the ride to this city   
proved1 as ,i expected1 extremely       
tedious and  disagreeable4 ,we left     
,frankfort at half past nine1 ,p4 ,m41  
and were  forty-one hours1 including two
 nights1 on the way2 the distance being 

two hundred and twenty miles4 ,i was    
again doomed to the interieur1  amid    
five smokers1 as usual1 neither of whom 
could speak ,english  or ,french2 and   
the idea of the mistakes and vexations  
to which my  solitary ignorance exposed 
me1 was any thing but comfortable4 ,i   
escaped1 however1 with nothing worse    
than the loss of a cloak in the         
,frankfort diligence2 for on coming to  
the ,prussian dominions1 we were        
transferred to a respectable vehicle1 on
 which was inscribed3        ',konig4   
,preuss1       ,schnell ,post4'         
7,query1 mail or snail8 ,it does not    
merit the latter appellation so  well as
 some of the ,french1 to say the least47
 ,the public conveyances  on the        
continent are all driven by a           
postillion1 in a kind of  livery1 with  
'seven league boots1' a trumpet with    
tawdry tassels1  and a leathern hat3 he 
always rides the 'nigh' horse1 and never
 goes  more than one post1 as each      
'team' has its own postillion4 ,every   

diligence is superintended by a         
conducteur1 who has the best seat  in   
the coup1 but does nothing himself1     
except delivering the mails  and small  
parcels on the way4 ,the ,french and    
,swiss conducteurs are  often surly and 
uncivil1 but those in ,prussia are very 
attentive1  good-looking1 and even      
well-educated4 ,the most learned doctors
 of the  university will converse with  
them on familiar terms1 with deference  
and respect4    ,there is evidently much
 less exclusiveness in grades1 and less 
show  of haughty superiority in the     
wealthy1 and even the noble1 in these   
despotic countries1 than in liberal and 
enlightened ,england4  ,from the ,grand 
,duke downward1 it is usual to give a   
bow and a 'bon  jour1' or 'adieu1' to   
the meanest servant in return for the   
same salutations3 and these courtesies  
certainly do not seem to be             
misconstrued into that familiarity which
 breeds contempt1 but rather  to        
strengthen respect and attachment to the

 superior4    ,in coming to ,leipsic    
from ,switzerland1 ,i passed through no 
less  than eight independent states and 
principalities1 viz43 the ',grand       
,duchies' of ,baden1 ,hesse-,darmstadt1 
,saxe-,weimar1 ,saxe-,gotha1            
,hesse-,cassel1 the free city of        
,frankfort1 and the kingdoms of ,prussia
  and ,saxony4 ,the boundaries of these 
great-little duchies are marked  by a   
plain stone on the way-side1 inscribed1 
',weimar1' ',gotha1' etc41  as the case 
may be4 ,i observed nothing else to     
indicate that the  country was governed 
by so many different masters4 ,there is 
nothing  on the route deserving the name
 of scenery3 even a gentle hill to      
relieve the dull1 tame prospect of long 
and often barren plains1  occurs but    
seldom4 ,of the towns ,i shall see more 
on my return4    ,i was sorry to find   
that the noted book-publisher1 ,mr4     
,,tauchnitz1  ,senior1 died of apoplexy1
 very suddenly1 a few months since4 ,his
 son1  who continues the business1 is a 

very courteous and intelligent man1  and
 speaks ,english fluently4 ,he received 
me very kindly1 and invited  me to dine 
with him at twelve o'clock1 ,m46 ,in    
,england1 ,i was several  times invited 
to dine at seven1 ,p4 ,m4 ,the usual    
dinner hour at hotels  in ,germany is   
one4    ,before dinner1 ,mr4 ,t4        
escorted me to the lions4 ,in the       
principal  ,lutheran church1 ,i was a   
little surprised to see paintings1      
altars  and images6--things opposed1 as 
,i thought1 to the very spirit of       
,lutheranism4    ,the 'booksellers' have
 just completed a handsome ',exchange1' 
where the brethren of the 'trade' from  
all parts of ,germany  assemble         
semi-annually1 at the ,easter and       
,michaelmas fairs1 to  settle accounts1 
and make sales of new books1 etc41 by   
sample4 ,the  book-trade is carried on  
here very extensively1 and with a great 
deal  of system4 ,leipsic is the        
head-quarters for the business in all   
the  ,german states1 and all publishers 

in other places have their agents  here4
 ,you will be surprised1 perhaps1 at the
 fact1 that the number of  new books    
published annually in ,germany1 is      
greater than all issued  during the same
 time in ,great ,britain and ,france put
 together4#h  ,what a nation of         
book-makers6 ,what a mass of intellect  
in active  exercise6 ,in a country not  
much exceeding in extent the single     
state  of ,new-,york1 there are six     
thousand new works1 comprising nine     
millions of volumes1 printed every year1
 beside reprints of old  works1 and all 
pamphlets and periodicals6 ,one would   
think the ,germans  ought to be a       
learned people6    ,mr4 ,tauchnitz's    
establishment is one of the most        
extensive in the  trade4 ,he showed me  
the stereotype plates of his well-known 
editions  of the ,greek and ,latin      
classics1 of which he publishes a       
complete  series1 in an economical1 pure
 text form1 one set filling a box       
twenty inches square4 ,so you may easily

 ascertain the exact bulk of  all the   
intellect of antiquity6    ,the ,leipsic
 ,university1 which is one of the oldest
 in ,germany1 is  also about to occupy a
 neat and extensive edifice just        
completed4  ,the ancient fortifications 
of ,leipsic1 like those of ,frankfort1  
have  been removed1 and the space they  
occupied is laid out in gardens  and    
public promenades2 a change decidedly   
for the better1 as every  peaceable man 
will say4#i ,as to beauty of            
architecture1 this city  has little     
remarkable2 the buildings are mostly    
antique and uncouth1  and the streets   
narrow1 and without side-walks4    ,at  
dinner to-day1 at ,mr4 ----1 the second 
dish consisted of thin  slices of two   
sorts of fish1 literally raw4 ,it seemed
 to be  regarded as a rare delicacy1 but
 ,i could not stretch my politeness     
enough to do justice to it4 ,the dinner1
 otherwise1 was excellent4 ,you  know   
the old man who made the ',bubbles from 
the ,brunens1' feelingly  describes his 

consternation at the never-ending       
courses of a ,german  public table2 but 
he does not mention two-thirds of the   
dishes ,i have  tasted at a single      
sitting4 ,the feast commences1 all the  
world over1  with soup2 then comes the  
dry soup-meat1 'which a                 
,grosvenor-,square  cat would not touch 
with his whiskers6' but which is        
nevertheless  rendered quite palatable  
by a highly-seasoned gravy2 then1       
cutlets1  omelets1 and messes of various
 sorts2 followed by poultry1 wild       
fowls1 beef1 etc42 fifthly1 pudding1    
which with us is a sign that  the meat  
is disposed of2 but lo6 'sixthly and    
lastly' comes a huge  quarter of veal1  
roast chickens1 young lobsters1 salad1  
etc42  seventhly1 tarts and             
confectionary2 'and1 to conclude1 a     
dessert of  prunes1 grapes1 peaches1    
cakes1 etc41 the whole capped by sundry 
nibbles at a fair1 round cheese1 or     
peradventure1 as to-day1 with  coffee1  
in ,lilliputian cups1 which ,i took for 

baby's play-things4  ,verily1 one has a 
chance of finding something to his taste
 in this  variety4    ,after dinner1    
,mr4 ,tauchnitz ordered his barouche1   
with two beautiful  bays1 and a footman 
in livery1 7,mr4 ,t4 is a book-seller17 
and we  rode out to the field of the    
memorable battle of #ahac1 about a mile 
from the town4 ,the whole vicinity of   
,leipsic1 for several miles1 is  one    
vast plain1 which has always been1 and  
probably will continue to  be1 the      
theatre of battles1 when the nations of 
,europe see fit to  fight at all4 ,we   
walked to a slight elevation1 where     
,napoleon had  his head-quarters during 
the battle4 ,the ,french had garrisoned 
the  town for six years previous2       
consequently they had their choice of   
position4 ,napoleon had made a mouvement
 retrograde from ,dresden1  after giving
 up his second expedition to ,russia2 he
 was followed  by the allied army1 and  
here they met4 ,three days' hard        
fighting1  and the slaughter of twenty  

thousand men1 was the consequence4 ,the 
,french were routed2 but their          
possession of the town enabled them to  
proceed in their retrograde toward      
,frankfort1 7the same route ,i had      
come17 and on the fourth day the allies 
entered ,leipsic4 ,mr4 ,t4 was  on the  
field during the fight1 and he gave me a
 graphic description  of it4 ',here     
stood ,blucher1 with his ,prussians2    
there1 ,prince  ,swartzenberg and the   
,austrians4' ,what a scene of horror    
must that  field have been1 when twenty 
thousand human beings lay there1 bloody 
corpses1 and half as many more had      
fallen1 wounded and mangled1  sighing   
for death as a relief from their misery6
    ,otho1 the young king of ,greece1 is
 now in ,leipsic on a visit4 ,he  is    
shortly to be married to a ,german      
princess1 whose name ,i have  forgotten4
           99       99       99       99
       99    ,,mayence1 ,,sept4         
#ac4--;,at six1 ,p4 ,m41 on the tenth1  
,i was again in the  diligence4 ,there  

were but three passengers2 one of them  
asked me in  ,german to sit with him in 
the interior1 but having persuaded him  
in ,english into a coup seat1 he        
complacently remarked that he  was      
pretty sure1 from the first1 that ,i was
 ,english4 ,i declined the  honor1 with 
equal good nature4 ',scotch8' ,no4      
',irish8' ,no4 ,he looked  puzzled4     
',you must have spoken ,english from    
childhood8' ',yes4 ,i never  spoke any  
other language4' ',perhaps you have     
resided some time in  ,england8' ,never 
was there but three months4' ,curious   
whether he would  discover me1 ,i kept  
mum4    ',from the ,east ,indies8' ,no4 
',but you are a ,british subject8' ,oh1 
no4  ,i acknowledge no king whatever4   
',south ,america8'767 ,no4    ,and1     
strange to say1 ,i was the first1 after 
all1 to hint that there  was a republic 
usually called the ,united ,states of   
,america4 ,it did  not occur to him1 at 
the moment1 that the ,english language  
was known  to some extent in 'our       

country2' but singularly enough1 when   
the  happy land was mentioned1 ,i found 
him far from being ignorant of it4  ,he 
had read of our 'manners' from his own  
,duke of ,saxe-,weimar down  to ,captain
 ,hall and the ,trollope2 and he was now
 writing a critical  essay on ,american 
poetry4 ,in short1 he was ,dr4 ,o4 ,l4  
,b4 ,,wolff1  professor of              
belles-lettres in the ,university of    
,jena2 the author1  you will recollect1 
of the ,history of ,german ,literature  
in the  ,london ,athenum1 and of other  
essays which have made his name well    
known with us4 ,he seemed a good deal   
interested in our literature1  and we   
beguiled the hours far into the night1  
in learned talk1  parting near the      
battle-field of ,jena1 with mutual      
promises of future  correspondence4     
,the road lies over several memorable   
fields4 ,near ,lutzen1 they  pointed to 
a stone1 ',voila la1 ,gustave tombeau6' 
,it was the spot  where the ',great     
,gustavus' ,adolphus fell1 in the thirty

 years' war4  ,we passed the house where
 ,charles ,,xii4 of ,sweden signed his  
treaty  with the ,elector of ,saxony4   
,at ,erfurt is the cell where ,martin   
,luther  lived when he was an ,augustine
 friar4 ,at ,gotha1 ,weimar1 ,eisenbach1
  and ,fulda1 the capitals of their     
respective duchies1 are the  'chateaux  
de residence4'    ,the approaches to    
most of the continental towns are       
through long  avenues1 shaded by elms or
 poplars1 extending sometimes a couple  
of  miles4 ,one naturally looks for     
something handsome1 after passing such  
an imposing portal2 but it does not     
always follow4 ,one of the finest  of   
these triumphal arches leads to a filthy
 hamlet1 which would  disgrace our      
backwoods4    ,they have a peculiar     
costume1 at one of these towns2 but in  
general1  there is no costume in        
,germany4 ,both at ,frankfort and       
,leipsic1 ,i  noticed two remarkable    
items1 the ,jews and the pretty girls4  
,the  ,jews wear long black gowns and   

girdles1 with beards of nearly equal    
length4 ,they seem to be here a distinct
 and 'peculiar people4' ,as to  the     
,german ladies1 there is certainly more 
beauty among them than ,i  have seen    
elsewhere in ,europe4    ,my second     
entrance into ,frankfort was from a     
better point of view1  crossing the     
stone bridge over the ,main4 ,i had been
 riding four  nights1 sans sleep1 and in
 the vulgar phrase1 was 'quite done up4'
  ,it was of course delightful to find  
that the 'fair' had so thoroughly       
filled the domicils of every publican in
 the place1 that not a nook  or a corner
 in all those immense hotels was to be  
had for love or  money4 ,i wandered here
 and there1 houseless and alone1 till   
dusk1  with a fair prospect of a        
loafer-like lodging in the street6 ,this
 was  actually the only alternative to  
going off at ten1 ,p4 ,m41 to ,mayence4 
,there were probably at least ten       
thousand strangers in the place at  that
 moment4    ,the entrance into ,mayence1

 at one o'clock at night1 was quite     
impressive4 ,on the opposite side of the
 river1 in ,cassel1 is an  extensive    
military establishment1 through the     
gates and court of  which we had to     
pass4 ,the postillion sounded a martial 
air on his  trumpet1 and the sentinel1  
opening the ponderous gates1 admitted us
  to the bridge of boats on which we    
crossed the ,rhine to the city4  ,every 
thing was still and quiet1 but our      
rumbling diligence2 the  stars and the  
lights of the town were looking at their
 portraits in  the river4 ,at the city  
portals1 another blast of the trumpet#aj
  procured us admission1 but no living  
thing was to be seen1 except  the       
military 'guardians of the night4'      
,to-day it rains torrents4 ,so ,i will  
merely tell you1 in guide-book  style1  
that ,mayence1 as well as ,cologne1 owes
 its origin to the  ,romans1 and was    
occasionally the residence of some of   
the emperors4  ,the city has also been  
an electorate of the ,german empire1 but

 at  present it belongs to ,prussia2 and
 it is remarkable1 that with a          
population of thirty-two thousand1 it   
has a garrison of twelve  thousand      
soldiers4 ,it claims the honor of being 
the birth-place of  ,guttenberg1 one1 at
 least1 of the inventors of printing1 of
 whom  there is a statue in one of the  
squares4 ,i have been to see the        
cathedral1 noted only for antiquity1 and
 for the numerous monuments  and statues
 of church dignitaries in the interior4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,,coblentz1 7,,on ,,the ,,rhine17       
,,september4--,the steam-boat left the  
quay  at ,mayence this morning at six1  
with about one hundred passengers1      
mostly ,english1 on their homeward      
retreat4 ,for two or three miles1  the  
banks of the river continued to be low  
and tame4 ,we passed the  palace of the 
,grand ,duke of ,nassau1 a fine edifice1
 near the river  ,the classical         
,brunnens of ,langen-,schwalbach are a  
few miles in the  interior4    ,we were 

this day to see the only interesting    
part of the 'glorious  ,rhine1' that    
between ,mayence and ,cologne4 ,along   
here1 there are a  plenty of little     
islands1 and the banks of the river     
abound with  picturesque rocky crags1   
capped by ruins of castles1 and relieved
  here and there by a green meadow1 a   
vineyard1 or a neat village4            
,johannisberg1 a chateau belonging to   
,prince ,metternich1 is one of the      
first from ,mayence4 ,this estate has   
fifty-five acres of vine-grounds1  from 
whence comes the most celebrated of the 
,rhenish wines4  ,speaking of           
,metternich1 ,i need not remind you of  
his portraiture  as ',beckendorf1' in   
that unique production1 ',vivian ,grey4'
 ,then we  passed the ruins of ,klopp   
and ,ehrenfels1#aa ,vantsberg castle1 at
  present occupied1 from which we were  
saluted with a gun2 the ruins  of       
,falkenberg1 ,guttenfels1 ,schenberg1   
and the rocks of 'the ,seven  ,sisters' 
in the river2#ab ,sternberg and         

,liebenstein1 'the ,brothers1'  etc41   
all famed by many a pathetic legend4    
,there are also the pretty  villages of 
,rudesheim1 ,geisenheim1 ,bingen1       
,oberwesel1 ,saint ,goar1 and  others1  
too tedious to mention2 and the rock of 
,lureley1 with an echo  which repeats   
seven times4    ,i am now before the    
castle of ,ehrenbreitstein1 the         
strongest fortress  in ,europe1 built on
 a rocky elevation1 commanding the river
 for  several miles4 ,the city of       
,coblentz1 nearly opposite1 and         
connected  with it by a floating bridge1
 is strongly fortified1 and garrisoned  
by five thousand ,prussian soldiers4 ,it
 was founded by ,drusus1 the  ,roman    
general1 thirteen years before ,christ4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,,cologne1 #ad,,th4--,i am now in the   
ancient and honorable city of ',les     
,trois ,rois1' and of the eleven        
thousand virgins4    ,on leaving        
,coblentz1 the shores are again 'flat   
and stale1' 7though  perhaps not        

'unprofitable' to the vinters17 until   
thou comest unto  ,remagen1 when there  
are a few miles of the picturesque1 and 
then the  scenery of the ,rhine is      
finished4 ,on the score of natural      
beauty1  it would take a good many      
,rhines to make a ,hudson2 but1 as      
,willis  says1 here we are constantly   
reminded of the past2 history1          
tradition1 and song1 have given every   
thing a charm1 and even these  rough old
 ruins are tinted with a couleur de     
rose2 but amidst the  hills1 and        
streams1 and forests1 of the so-called  
new world1 our  thoughts stretch forward
 to the future4 ,we have already the    
rich  material1 and perhaps the time    
will come when ,europe may not claim    
superiority1 even in works of art1 or in
 historical associations  and           
reminiscences2 albeit we have no        
princely palaces or baronical           
strongholds1 and1 thanks to our         
democratic rulers6 we are in no         
immediate danger of them4    ,but the   

,rhine is interesting--intensely so2 and
 ,i can only regret1 my  dear ----1 that
 you are not here to share with me this 
long-wished  for pleasure4        ',the 
castled crag of ,drachenfels            
,frowns o'er the wide and winding       
,rhine1      ,whose breast of waters    
broadly swells        ,between the banks
 which bear the vine1      ,and hills   
all rich with blossom'd trees1          
,and fields which promise corn and wine1
      ,and scatter'd cities crowning    
these1        ,whose far white walls    
along them shine1      ,have strew'd a  
scene which ,i should see      ,with    
double joy1 wert thou with me4          
',and peasant girls with deep blue eyes1
        ,and hands which offer early    
flowers1      ,walk smiling o'er this   
paradise2        ,above1 the frequent   
feudal towers      ,through green leaves
 lift their walls of gray1        ,and  
many a rock which steeply lowers1       
,and noble arch in proud decay1         
,look o'er this vale of vintage-bowers2 

,but one thing want these banks of      
,rhine--      ,thy gentle hand to clasp 
in mine4        ',the river nobly foams 
and flows1        ,the charm of this    
enchanted ground1      ,and all its     
thousand turns disclose        ,some    
fresher beauty varying round2      ,the 
haughtiest breast its wish might bound  
,through life to dwell delighted here2  
,nor could on earth a spot be found     
,to nature and to me more dear1         
,could thy dear eyes1 in following mine1
      ,still sweeten more these banks of
 ,rhine4'    ,if misery loves company1  
as the proverb says1 why should not     
happiness be also sociably disposed8    
,there is to me a special  loneliness in
 being in these regions of song1 with a 
crowd of  strangers1 but with no        
'congenial spirit' who in after days    
would  recall to us the fond            
recollection of happy hours passed      
together in  the distant land2 who with 
a single word might bring vividly before
  us a glowing panorama of scenes       

remembered as a dream4 ,and is there    
not as much or more enjoyment in these  
remembrances1 than in the  'first       
impression8'    ,beside the             
,drachenfels1 there are a score of ruins
 this side of  ,coblentz1 such as       
,rolandzeck1 ,godesberg1 and other hard 
names2 and  we also passed the pretty   
town of ,bonn1 the seat of an ancient   
and  well-endowed university4 ,from one 
of the castles1 near the river1 we  were
 saluted with three cheers by the       
garrison4    ,to-morrow ,i shall write  
from ,aix-la-,chapelle1 for here ,i must
 say1  albeit not in the ,byronic vein1 
',adieu to thee1 fair ,rhine6 ,how long 
delighted        ,the stranger fain     
would linger on his way2        ,thine  
is a scene alike where souls united1    
,or lonely ,contemplation thus might    
stray2        ,and could the ceaseless  
vultures cease to prey        ,on       
self-condemning bosoms1 it were here1   
,where nature1 not too sombre nor too   
gay1        ,wild1 but not rude1 awful1 

but not austere1      ,is to the mellow 
earth as autumn to the year4'           
,,footnotes3    #a ,flowing in and from 
the lake4    #b ,see also ',anne of     
,gierstein4'    #c ,a heap of bones of  
the vanquished remain to this day on the
 field4    #d ,the costume is worn only 
by the peasantry4    #e ,the ,rhigi is  
not remarkable for its height1 being but
 five  thousand seven hundred feet above
 the plain2 but being isolated from  the
 great range1 it affords much the widest
 view4    #f ,see his calculation in    
figures1 in ',sketches of ,switzerland4'
    #g ,the others are ,hamburgh1       
,bremen1 and ,lubeck4    #h ,the average
 number of new works per annum1 issued  
for the first  time in ,great ,britain  
in the last three years1 is about #abjj2
 in  ,france1 #d1jjj2 in ,germany1      
#f1jjj4    #i ,a happy combination of   
safety1 beauty1 and convenience1 is     
shown  in the ramparts of the city of   
,geneva4    #aj ,the ',old ,man' of the 
,bubbles denounces these trumpets1 but  

verily they are preferable to the long  
tin horns of the ,english  'guards1'    
which are indeed enough to              
----'break his bands of sleep asunder   
,and rouse him like a rattling peal of  
thunder6          ,hark1 hark6 the      
horrid sound2      ,he raises his head  
as if waked from the dead1          ,and
 amazed he stares around6'    #aa ,among
 the ,rhenish legends1 versified by     
,planche1 is one of the                 
',mouse-,tower1' near ,ehrenfels1       
commencing3        ',the ,bishop of     
,mentz was a wealthy prince4            
,wealthy and proud was he2      ,he had 
all that was worth a wish on earth1     
,but he had not charitie6        ,he    
would stretch out his empty hands to    
bless1        ,or lift them both to     
pray2      ,but1 alack6 to lighten man's
 distress1        ,they moved no other  
way4'    ,a famine came2 the poor begged
 in vain for aid1 'till he 'opened his  
granaries free1' and then locked them   
in1 and 'burned them every  one4' ',the 

merry mice6 how shrill they squeak6'    
said the prelate3        ',but mark what
 an awful judgment soon        ,on the  
cruel bishop fell6      ,with so many   
mice his palace swarm'd1        ,that in
 it he could not dwell4      ,they      
gnaw'd the arras above and beneath1     
,they eat each savory dish up1      ,and
 shortly their sacrilegious teeth       
,begun to nibble the bishop6        ',he
 flew to the castle of ,ehrenfels1      
,by the side of the ,rhine so fair1     
,but they found the road to his new     
abode1        ,and came in legions      
there6      ,he built him in haste a    
tower tall        ,in the tide1 for his 
better assurance1      ,but they swam   
the river1 and scal'd the wall1         
,and worried him past endurance6        
',one morning his skeleton there was    
seen1        ,by a load of flesh the    
lighter6      ,they had pick'd his bones
 uncommonly clean1        ,and eaten his
 very mitre6      ,such was the end of  
the ,bishop of ,mentz2        ,and oft  

at midnight hour1      ,he comes in the 
shape of a fog so dense1        ,and    
sits on his old ',mouse-,tower4'        
#ab ,perhaps you may be amused by this  
legend4 ,it runs as follows3            
',,the ,castle of ,schenberg was lofty  
and fair1      ,and seven countesses    
ruld there3      ,lovely1 and noble1 and
 wealthy ,i trow--      ,every sister   
had suitors enow4      ,crowned duke and
 belted knight      ,sigh'd at the feet 
of those ladies bright3      ,and they  
whispered hope to every one1      ,while
 they vow'd in their hearts they would  
have none6          ,gentles1 list to   
the tale ,i tell2        ',tis many a   
year since this befel3        ,women are
 altered now1 ,i ween1        ,and never
 say what they do not mean6        ',at 
the ,castle of ,schenberg 'twas         
merriment all--      ,there was dancing 
in bower1 and feasting in hall2         
,they ran at the ring in the tilt-yard  
gay1      ,and the moments flew faster  
than thought away6      ,but not only   

moments--the days fled too--      ,and  
they were but as when they first came to
 woo2      ,and spake they of marriage  
or bliss deferr'd1      ,they were      
silenced by laughter and scornful word6 
,gentles1 list to the tale ,i tell2     
',tis many a year since this befel3     
,and ladies now so mildly reign1        
,they never sport with a lover's pain6  
',knight look'd upon knight with an evil
 eye--      ,each fancied a favored     
rival nigh2      ,and darker every day  
they frowned1      ,and sharper still   
the taunt went round2      ,till swords 
were drawn1 and lances in rest1         
,and the blood ran down from each noble 
breast2      ,while the sisters sat in  
their chairs of gold1      ,and smiled  
at the fall of their champions bold6    
,gentles1 lift to the tale ,i tell2     
',tis many a year since this befel2     
,times have changed1 and we must allow1 
,countesses are not so cruel now4       
',morning dawn'd upon ,schenberg's      
towers1      ,but the sisters were not  

in their wonted bowers2      ,their     
damsels sought them the castle o'er--   
,but upon earth they were seen no more2 
,seven rocks are in the tide1           
,ober-wesel's walls beside1      ,baring
 their cold brows to heaven3      ,they 
are called1 ',the ,sisters ,seven4'     
,gentles1 list to the tale ,i tell2     
',tis many a year since this befel3     
,and ladies now may love deride1        
,and their suitors alone be petrified6' 
,,the ,,songs ,,of ,,our ,,fathers4     
',,their voice shall be heard in other  
ages1      ,when the kings of ,temora   
have failed4'                           
,,ossian4          ,,ye say1 we sing no 
household songs1        ,to those beside
 our hearths at play2      ,no          
minstrelsy to us belongs1        ,no    
legends of our by-gone day3      ,no old
 traditions of the hills1      ,our     
giant land no memory fills--        ,we 
have no proud heroic lay6      ,ye ask  
the time-worn storied page--      ,ye   
ask the things of other age1            

,from us--a race of yesterday6          
,of yore1 in ,britain's feudal halls1   
,where many a warlike trophy hung1      
,with shield and banner on the walls1   
,the bard's high harp was sternly strung
      ,to praise of war--its fierce     
delights--      ,to 'heroes of an       
hundred fights1'        ,ever the       
'sounding shell' outrung6      ,gone is 
the ancient ,bardic race--      ,their  
song hath found perpetual place         
,their country's proud archives among6  
,the warlike ,norsemen of the isles1    
,erst o'er the wave held sovereignty--  
,a sound is swelling where1 erewhile1   
,their ringing spears made melody3      
,rude hunters of the seal and whale     
,are chaunting out the ,saga's tale1    
,to the wild winds sweeping by--        
,how their heroes heard the ,valkyriur  
call      ,to the feast and song in     
,odin's hall--        ,to the white mead
 foaming high6        ,the stirring     
,scottish border tale1        ,pealed   
from the chords in chieftain's hall--   

,the wild traditions of the ,gel1       
,the wandering harper's lays recall3    
,all have their legends1 and their      
songs--      ,records of glory1 feud1   
and wrongs4        ,what nerved the fair
 chivalric ,gaul1      ,when woke the   
bold ',parisienne8'      ,the           
',marsellois8' what foeman then         
,roused him to conquer or to fall8      
,what thought the ,switzer's bosom      
thrills1        ,when sounds the ',ranz 
de ,vache' on high2      ,a race as     
ancient as their hills1        ,still   
echoes their wild mountain cry3      ,he
 springs along the rocky height--       
,he marks the lammergeyer's flight--    
,the chamois bounding by3      ,he      
snuffs the mountain breeze of morn--    
,he winds again the mountain horn1      
,and the loud ,alps reply6        ,our  
fathers bore from ,albion's isle1       
,no stories of her sounding lyres--     
,they left the old baronial pile--      
,they left the harp of ringing wires6   
,ours are the legends old and dim1      

,the household song--the evening hymn1  
,sung by your bright hearth-fires6      
,each tree that in your soft wind stirs1
      ,waves o'er our ancient           
sepulchres--        ,the ashes of our   
sires6        ,yea1 forth they went1    
nerved to forsake        ,home1 and the 
chains they might not bear--      ,and  
woman's heart was strong1 to break      
,the links of love which bound her      
there4      ,here1 free to worship and  
believe1      ,from many a log-built    
hut1 at eve1        ,went up the        
suppliant voice of prayer4      ,is it  
not writ on history's page1      ,how   
the strong arm claimed our heritage8--  
,of the lion claimed his lair6          
,our people sang no loud war-songs1     
,they shouted no loud battle-cry--      
,a burning memory of their wrongs       
,lit up their path to victory6          
,with prayer to ,god to aid the right1  
,the yeoman girded him for fight1       
,to free the land he tilled1 or die6    
,they bore no proud escutcheon'd        

shield--      ,no blazoned banners to   
the field--        ,nought but their    
motto--',,liberty6'        ,their       
sons--when after years shall fling      
,o'er these romance--when time hath cast
      ,the mighty shadow of his wing    
,between them and the stoned past--     
,will tell of foul oppression's heel1   
,of hands which bore the avenging steel1
        ,and battled sternly to the     
last--      ,by their hearth-fires--on  
the hill-side free1      ,till the swell
 is caught by the eching sea1           
,and hymned by the wandering blast6     
,,ione4          ,,the ,,dead           
,,husband4#ac    ,,by ,,alphonso        
,,wetmore1 ,,esq41 ,,author ,,of ,,the  
',,gazetteer ,,of ,,missouri4'          
,,more than one half of the inhabitants 
of the globe have an imperfect  idea of 
the sufferings that are endured by their
 kindred1 even in  the vicinity of their
 own dwellings4 ,the same laudable      
sentiment  that induces display of the  
elegancies of life1 causes concealment  

of our miseries1 or humiliating         
misfortunes4 ,the social feeling  which 
induces us to lend aid to a neighbor in 
peril1 or in the full  tide of          
prosperous action1 tends to the         
exhibition of our good  fortune2 it is  
sympathy in both instances4 ,it is the  
sufferer who  seeks concealment1 having 
no flattering prospects to offer for the
  congratulations of the sympathetic4   
,it is the jealous distrust of our      
natures that induces the pedestrian1 who
 is toiling onward with a  humid brow1  
to cast a nervous and discontented      
glance at the tenants  of the           
post-coach1 as it darts onward2 and he  
welcomes the cloud of  dust that insures
 concealment of his woes1 created only  
by contrast4  ,it is only when crime    
brings suffering on the innocent kindred
 of the  criminal1 that there exists    
serious cause of discontent4    ,,joseph
 ,,joplin was one of half a dozen sons  
of a tavern-keeper in  the county of    
,buncombe1 ,north ,carolina2 and        

consequently he became  initiated in    
early life into the ways of the world2  
by which general  expression1 it may be 
in this case understood1 an acquaintance
 with  whiskey and tar-kilns1 long      
rifles1 and quarter-races4 ,when this   
younger son of the publican of the      
',piny ,woods' had nearly attained  the 
stature of the family standard1 six feet
 three inches1 and a  few months before 
he had reached his twentieth year1 he   
led up  before the township justice of  
the peace a hope-inspired damsel4 ,she  
vowed herself his partner1 in weal and  
wo1 in life and death4 ,his             
circumstances at the time were only     
middling4 ,he owned 'a likely  young    
nag1 a dollar bill1 and a good          
rifle-gun4'    ,a few months after the  
festivities of the nuptials had left the
  sober realities of life in bold       
relief1 the young couple began to  look 
beyond the precincts of the paternal    
double cabins1 in order to  fix the     
trace leading to the most inviting      

region4 ,their departure  was           
accelerated by 'a small scrimmage1' in  
which ,mr4 ,joplin was  unfortunately a 
principal actor1 at a shooting-match4   
,his antagonist  had darkened the manly 
disc of our hero a little2 but then the 
young  bridegroom boasted that he had   
taken an 'under bit out of his left     
ear1 and stove two of his front teeth   
down his throat4'    ,the young couple  
departed with the buoyancy of hope1     
7that flattering  endorser of           
accommodation paper17 for the western   
district2 the  husband on foot1 leading 
in the devious pathway of his bride1 who
 was  mounted on the nag4 ,this animal  
was well laden with household stuffs1   
consisting principally of quilts and    
'kiverlids4'    ,the adventurers reached
 the point of destination1 six miles    
from the  last cabin1 on the borders of 
the ,indian country1 in season to make  
a crop4 ,when the corn was gathered in1 
the fall hunt half finished1  the       
venison drying1 and the 'bear bacon'    

cured1 the ,indian ,summer1  with its   
mild haze1 shed a soft and cheering     
influence upon the  new-beginners4      
,on one of the quiet evenings1 made more
 interesting by the  tranquillity of the
 day of rest1 the settlers were         
entertaining a  neighboring family with 
a happy display of the best the house   
could  afford1 with 'a streak of fat and
 a streak of lean4' ,while the  children
 of their guests were playing antic     
gambols about the door1  a scream of    
infantile alarm arrested the attention  
and deep interest  of the settlers4 ,as 
the three males of the party snatched   
their arms1  the anticipated war-cry    
rang responsive in the precincts of the 
cabin4 ,the foremost of the assailants  
fell1 and another shot wounded  and     
arrested the advance of the leading     
warrior1 while the affrighted  mothers  
drew in their fugitive infants4 ,as the 
cabin-door was closed  against the foe1 
a distracted mother saw her youngest    
child snatched  up by a retreating      

brave1 while his comrades dragged off   
their dead  leader4 ,a gun had been     
hastily charged1 and the fearless       
,joplin1  having thrown open the door1  
drew it to his face2 but the wary       
savage held up1 to shield his person1   
the little captive4 ',fire6'  screamed  
the distracted mother2 'better dead than
 a prisoner6' ,at the  critical instant 
when the little sufferer parted asunder 
its legs1  the sharp report of the rifle
 of the white man was heard1 and the    
crimson current1 of a deeper hue than   
the painted skin of the savage1  rippled
 down his naked trunk4 ,he reeled1 and  
hesitated1 and ere the  smoke of the    
rifle had blown away1 the frantic       
mother1 with knife in  hand1 was seen   
flying to the rescue4 ,the savage1 cool 
and collected1  even in the agonies of  
death1 interposed the infant between the
  thrust of the ,amazon and his person1 
and the unhappy mother plunged  her     
weapon into the bosom of her own child6 
,the warrior's knife closed the scene as

 he fell1 and was bathed in  the heart's
 blood of the fearless woman1 the wife  
of ,joplin's nearest  neighbor4 ,the    
,indians fled without a single scalp4   
,after the funeral obsequies of the     
mother and child had been hastily       
performed1 and they were consigned to   
the same unostentatious grave1  the     
neighboring settlers assembled1 and     
rendezvoused at ,joplin's  cabin4 ,they 
elected him their captain4 ,here they   
continued during  the autumn and winter1
 with various fortune in sharp          
skirmishes with  their unrelenting and  
always vigilant enemy4    ,early in the 
spring1 they broke up their little      
settlement1 and  retired back to the    
more populous part of the country4      
,captain ,joplin  returned to the       
paternal mansion in the ,piny ,woods1 to
 exhibit the  beginning of the third    
generation1 in the person of young      
,buckeye  ,joplin4 ,after lingering     
awhile in his old haunts1 and recounting
 the  perils he had cheerfully met and  

overcome1 he looked out again upon  the 
land of promise1 the western expanse1   
for another channel of  enterprise4     
,the second expedition of our hero was  
undertaken by water4 ,having  packed his
 family across to the ,tennessee river1 
and exchanged  his 'nag' for a canoe1 or
 'dug-out1' he embarked in his long and 
devious voyage to the ,mississippi4     
,joplin occupied the stern as           
steersman1 but his spouse was provided  
with a paddle1 which she  plied         
alternately with her knitting1 as they  
glided onward to an  unknown land4 ,the 
voyage was barren of incident1 and only 
varied by  fishing and hunting for the  
subsistence of the family4 ,they entered
  the ,mississippi1 and descended this  
river to the mouth of ,white  river2 and
 as this was backed up by the spring    
freshets1 the voyagers  turned their    
course up the stream1 and crossed the   
connecting cut1  or bayou1 to the       
,arkansas river4 ,they continued their  
voyage1 until  they found a             

landing-place of an inviting aspect1    
near ,little ,rock4  ,here the emigrants
 landed and pitched their half-face     
camp4 ,after a  year or two of hardship 
and privation1 incident to the          
settlement  of a new country1 the       
,joplin family1 somewhat increased in   
numbers1  began to enjoy the fruits of  
industry4 ,the improved condition of the
  captain's pecuniary affairs afforded  
him the means of indulging in  his      
ardent propensity for attendance on all 
the gatherings1 which he  had never     
dismissed from his mind while his       
necessities restrained  him4 ,in the    
absence of her husband1 the pains-taking
 woman kept the  shuttle flying1 or sung
 an accompaniment to the instrumental   
music of  the spinning-wheel4 ,from     
these gatherings ,joplin sometimes      
returned  with marks of personal        
rencounters2 and time1 and the soothing 
care  of the even-tempered woman1 were  
requisite to soften the exasperated     
backwoodsman1 and to obliterate the     

signs of the feud on the  distorted     
visage of her husband4 ,on these        
occasions1 the ferocity of  his         
disposition predominated on the first   
day after the gathering2  on the second1
 he was moody and thoughtful2 and the   
third brought on  repentance1 and       
promises of reformation4    ,the great  
races at length came on2 and ,captain   
,joplin's colt1  sired by               
,chain-,lightning1 out of the celebrated
 full-blooded dam  ,earthquake1 had been
 entered for the jockey purse1 and the  
owner was  'obliged to be present4'     
,this he promised should be his last    
race1  and his last fight on any        
race-course4 ,the good woman ventured1  
as  she handed him his holy-day jeans1  
to urge his return home at an  earlier  
hour than usual4 ,very fair promises    
were made2 but1 about the  hour of      
midnight1 the 'whole team of bear-dogs' 
opened a boisterous  greeting as the    
roistering captain approached his cabin4
 ,the cold  bacon1 and cabbage1 and     

buttermilk1 were set out by the         
flickering  light of a ,corinthian      
tallow peach-wicked candle1 and the meal
 was  despatched in silence4 ,when the  
gentleman from ,buncombe had picked  his
 teeth with his pocket-knife1 he        
whispered an appalling secret in  the   
ear of his wife4 ,she drew a long sigh  
of resignation1 wiped her  eyes with a  
corner of her apron1 and began packing  
his saddle-bags1  while ,joseph ,joplin 
cleaned his 'rifle-gun1' which he called
 ',patsy1'  after his wife4 ,he had     
finished trimming the bullets he had    
cast1  when1 all things being ready1 he 
rose to depart4    ',joseph ,joplin1'   
said his wife1 ',i always allowed it    
would come to  this2 but the ,lord's    
will be done6'    ,in reply1 the captain
 briefly remarked3    ',if he don't die 
of the stab ,i give him1 ,mike ,target  
will pass me  word1 when the boys go out
 into the bee-woods4 ,i leave you every 
thing but the colt and my bear-dog1     
,gall-buster2 and1 so as ,i never  comes

 back1 tell the boys 'tis my wish that  
they never gives the lie1  nor takes    
it4'    ,the period of ,joplin's absence
 was more than three years2 during      
which space of time his patient spouse  
kept up the monotonous music  of her    
wheel1 and the regular vibrations of the
 shuttle4 ,her hearth  was kept warm and
 clean1 and her children were amply clad
 in cleanly  attire1 and well fed4      
,every ,sunday was set apart for extra  
washing of  faces1 combing of tow-heads1
 reading a chapter or two1 and chanting 
a  hymn4 ,she had rented her field1 so  
as to secure her bread-stuffs2 and  her 
little stock of cattle had increased1   
while they supplied milk  and butter for
 the subsistence of her children4 ,each 
tedious year  had she spun1 wove1 and   
made up for her absent husband a new    
suit of  jeans1 which she hung in the   
cabin beside her own holiday apparel1   
that she carefully abstained from       
wearing1 until she could attire  herself
 and husband in their best1 on some     

joyous day of meeting4  ,his ,sunday hat
 hung on the hook where the breech of   
his rifle had  rested4 ,every day of    
rest she made it a point to brush the   
dust from  the smooth beaver1 and drop a
 tear into the crown4 ,from the day of  
his departure1 no account had ever been 
received of him4 ,the sheriff1  with a  
rude posse1 had searched the premises on
 the day after the  affray1 and the     
neighboring country had been scoured in 
vain4 ,the  racer had outstripped all   
pursuers1 and the fugitive was secure in
  the unexplored regions at the foot of 
the ,ozark mountains4    ,the wounded   
sportsman who had defrauded our hero1   
contrary to the  most flattering hope1  
had been effectually cured of the wound 
that  ,joplin1 in his intoxicated rage1 
had inflicted4 ,the wife1 rejoicing  in 
this piece of good fortune1 had resorted
 to every device within  the compass of 
female ingenuity to convey intelligence 
to the unknown  region1 the abode of her
 husband2 but she had almost despaired  

of  ever seeing him again1 when an old  
bee-hunter disembarked from  his pirogue
 opposite her cabin1 on the ,arkansas   
river1 to dry his  blankets after a hard
 storm4 ,of this old adventurer ,mrs4   
,joplin  learned that he had met a      
trapper on the head waters of ,white    
river1  who called himself ,griffin1 and
 the description of his person induced  
the fond wife to think it might be      
,captain ,joplin himself4 ,on his way   
out to the bee-woods the following      
season1 the old hunter carried  with him
 a letter to the following effect3      
',,deer ,,capting ,,joe ,,jopling2 arter
 my best respects1 hoping these         
lines may find you3 he arn't dead no    
more nor you and mee2 you      mout come
 home1 ,i reckon2 the childrin all right
 smartly groin2      you would never    
know the baby4                          
',,patsy ,,jopling1 at the ,piny ,bend4'
    ,long and anxiously did the poor    
affectionate wife wait the return  of   
the father of her little brood1 and     

often in the train of her  flattering   
imagination start as some stranger      
entered her cabin1  with the            
exclamation1 ',i thought it was ,capting
 ,jopling6' ,in her  leisure moments1   
too1 she was in the habit of fixing her 
ardent and  steady gaze on the point of 
rocks behind which she had seen him     
depart4 ,in all the torture of delay1   
not a reproachful exclamation  was ever 
uttered by the sufferer4 ,a sigh hastily
 drawn1 and a  rudely-constructed       
prayer1 evinced the emotion she deeply  
felt4 ,the  fond woman could perceive1  
as her children increased in growth1    
strong resemblances of their father     
developed in every lineament4 ,but  the 
likeness in 'the baby' was absolutely   
wonderful4 ',if1' said she1  'little    
,joe was grown1 and daddy war here      
present1 they would never  know         
themselves apart4'    ,it was on one of 
those mild and sunny days of rest1 in   
the ,indian  ,summer of autumn1 that the
 wanderer returned4 ,the careful mother 

was  surrounded with her children1 and  
was1 at the moment he entered the       
cabin1 giving the last touches to the   
flaxen locks of the youngest  child4    
',you had as well give my hair a little 
combing1 ,patsy1' was the calm          
salutation of our hero4    ',capting    
,joseph ,jopling6' exclaimed the        
half-frantic wife1 'ar it you  at last6'
 ,she smoothed down the folds of her    
garments as she arose1  and1 with a     
smile of welcome1 as she gave her hand1 
said1 ',howdy1  ,joseph8'    ,on a close
 and more deliberate scrutiny of his    
person1 ,patsy seemed  to think1 with   
her husband1 that his hair needed the   
comb4 ,his locks  were matted together  
like the wool on the forehead of a      
buffalo2 not  a comb or an intrusive    
pair of scissors had interrupted the    
wild  luxuriance of its growth1 in a    
period of more than three years4  ,when 
his hat had given way to the irritation 
of cane-brakes and  green briars1 and   
the peltings of the storms of summer and

 winter1  he had cultivated the covering
 with which nature had bountifully      
provided his cranium4 ,by occasional    
cropping of his locks with his          
butcher-knife1 as they grew out so as to
 obstruct his vision1 he  left his      
upper-works with a singular aspect2 and 
when the growth of  three years' beard  
is considered1 with the bears' oil      
glistening on  its uncombed surface1 it 
is not strange that his charitable wife 
should give him some ironical           
compliments1 such as these3             
',jopling1 you're a beauty6 ,sally1     
bring the soap4 ,joseph1 you are a      
picture6 ,the poor baby don't know its  
daddy2 did he think daddy was  a        
painter8 ,get your daddy's razor out of 
mammy's box2 put on the  tea-kettle1    
,sally1 and heat some water1 while ,i   
make up a pone of  bread4 ,josey1 did   
you cook for yourself all this time8'   
and as she  bustled about1 she began to 
sing a long-neglected air1 to which she 
had trod a measure in the joyous days of

 early youth1 in the ,piny  ,woods of   
,buncombe4    ,the first six months     
after his return home1 ,captain ,joplin 
was  diligently occupied in repairing   
his farm1 which had fallen into a       
slovenly condition4 ,he was content with
 the society of his domestic  circle1   
and remained quietly at home4 ,but1 when
 the great annual  races came on1 he was
 tempted to spend a day1 only as a      
spectator1 on  the track1 and           
accordingly appeared there early on the 
first morning4  ,he had many            
acquaintances there1 all of whom were   
thirsty beings2 and  before the sun went
 down he felt rich1 and generous1 and   
glorious4  ,the ferocious stage of the  
disease came on after dark4    ,the     
return of the husband to his cabin that 
night was at an earlier  hour than      
usual4 ,he was pale and nervous1 and    
blood was on his  hand1 and his garments
 were discolored4 ,he notified his wife 
of  the necessity of his immediate      
departure4 ,she insisted on leave to    

accompany him1 which was readily        
granted4 ,such of their effects as      
could be speedily packed1 were hastily  
put in portable form4 ,in  an hour1 the 
family were mounted on their riding     
animals1 and in  the road leading down  
the river4 ,few words were exchanged    
among  the fugitives2 and the place of  
destination was never mentioned4  ,on   
reaching the first ferry1 at about the  
hour of midnight1 they  turned shortly  
to the left1 and crossed to the opposite
 bank of the  river1 without requiring  
the aid of ferrymen4 ,on landing1       
,joplin  scuttled and sunk the          
ferry-flat1 to cut off pursuit4 ,they   
continued  their route until about ten  
o'clock1 with little regard to road or  
trace2 and having found a deep ravine1  
apparently untrodden by human           
footsteps1 they halted for refreshment4 
,after a brief repast of  dried venison1
 the party continued their route1 and at
 sunset were  fifty miles from their    
habitation4 ,it should have been        

observed1  that the fugitives left their
 cabin in a blaze1 with a hope that in  
the neighborhood a belief would prevail 
that the whole family had  been         
consumed4 ,to strengthen this belief1   
the cunning woodsman had  deposited the 
carcasses of two deer he had killed the 
day before1  and several joints of      
bacon1 in the corner where the family   
usually  slept1 that these might be     
mistaken for their bones4 ,the          
impression  which it was policy to make1
 on examination of the ashes1 obtained  
currency to a great extent1 and it      
delayed pursuit4 ,when the doubts  that 
were entertained by some of the         
destination of the fugitives  finally   
induced search1 it was too late to      
discover any trace of  the ,joplin      
family4 ,it was believed by many1 who   
supposed they had  fled1 that they      
departed down the river in the          
ferry-boat that had  disappeared4    ,in
 the mean time the flight was continued1
 until ,joplin reached his  old haunts1 

in a cane-bottom on ,flat ,creek1 a     
small tributary of  ,white ,river4 ,here
 security was made doubly sure by the   
bear-rough  that sheltered them1 and by 
the distance they had removed from the  
settlement in ,arkansas4 ,they had1     
moreover1 taken the precaution to       
locate within the boundaries of         
,missouri4 ,the fugitive from justice   
was likewise in the vicinity of a cave1 
known only to himself and the  red      
hunters who had formerly resided in this
 quarter of the country4  ,in this      
subterranean chamber1 the dry bones from
 a neighboring  battle-field had been   
deposited by the tribe who had been the 
greatest sufferers in a sanguinary      
conflict4 ,as cheerless as this  place  
might appear1 ,joplin had reposed in it 
alone many nights on  his former visit  
to this region of country2 and in this  
place he had  cached his furs and       
peltries1 which now constituted his     
surplus for  his new beginning in the   
world4 ,the erection of a cabin was a   

task  not easily completed1 without the 
aid of neighbors for the raising2  but1 
when the roof had been placed over their
 heads1 and fastened  there with        
weight-poles1 and the puncheons         
composing the floor laid  down1 the     
mother of this little colony began to   
sing1 and spin1 and  bustle about over  
the irregular surface with cautious     
footsteps1 and  stealthily1 in her daily
 task4 ,she had not forgotten the       
essential  portions of her wheel and    
loom in her departure from the ruin of  
her  old habitation1 and the mechanical 
ingenuity of the woodsman1 with  his    
axe1 augur1 hand-saw1 and butcher-knife1
 supplied the deficiency4  ,the good    
woman continued still to indulge on     
,sunday in a clean apron1  a chapter1   
and a comb4 ,these were luxuries she    
could not readily  dispense with4 ,in   
his former visit to this wild region1   
,joplin  esteemed it no hardship to     
refrain from the use of bread-stuffs2   
but  he was constrained to make some    

apology to his wife and children for    
the privation he would be obliged to    
impose1 until he could raise a  crop4   
,he however assured them1 that with a   
mixture of bear-meat and  venison1 and a
 'sprinkle' of turkey-breast1 they would
 do very well  without bread1 provided  
they could get time to cut bee-trees4   
,this isolated family had innocence and 
contentment in full  possession1 and    
independence prospectively within reach4
 ,the  disturber1 known in the west by  
the name of 'long green' and 'blue      
ruin1' in ,pennsylvania1 'old rye' and  
'cider royal1' and by the  ,indians     
appropriately named 'fire-water1' and   
more emphatically  'fool-water1' was    
happily beyond their reach4 ,the only   
race-path  known in this new settlement 
was that on which the husband and wife  
contended for the prize of domestic     
comfort4 ,in this1 the fabrication  of  
jeans by one party1 and the dressing of 
buck-skins by the other1  furnished     
profitable amusement4 ,the only visit   

made by the daring  woodsman to the     
settlements secured him the patriarch of
 a flock1  and a few meek companions1   
from the fleeces of which 'the winter of
  his discontent' was made comfortable4 
,in their retreat1 the ,joplin  family  
were in a fair way to make their        
circumstances easy1 by such  skill as is
 usually acquired in frontier           
experience1 when a hard  winter1        
attended with much variable weather1 set
 in earlier than  was anticipated4 ,the 
woodsman had exerted himself violently  
in the  chase1 to secure his supply of  
'bear bacon1' while the ,indian ,summer 
lasted4 ,to this cause he attributed the
 'dumb ague1' that laid him up  when the
 first snow-storm commenced4 ,with this 
disease he lingered  a few weeks4 ,the  
only medicine within reach of the       
settlers was a  small parcel of walnut  
pills4 ,whether the bark of which these 
were  composed had been scraped up or   
down the tree1 so as to fit it for an   
emetic or a cathartic1 does not appear2 

but no relief was afforded  by          
administering even 'a double dose1' and 
he grew weaker as much  with the        
repetition as by discontinuance of the  
remedy4 ,when he could  no longer rise  
without assistance1 or stand alone1 the 
anxious and  confiding wife inquired1   
for the first time1 how far it might be 
to the residence of the nearest         
neighbor4 ,when she was told it was  one
 hundred and sixty miles1 it is         
uncertain which predominated in  her    
mind1 hope or despair4 ,she continued   
silently and thoughtfully  to minister  
to his wants1 to the extent of her      
circumscribed means1  until1 when1 late 
at night1 the wintry winds were rudely  
perforating  the openings around the    
cabin-door1 and the house-dogs growled a
  dignified response to the dismal      
howlings of the wolf1 the hoarse        
death-rattle in the throat of the       
sufferer was perceived4 ,this added     
consternation to alarm4 ,to the earnest 
and almost unconscious inquiry  now     

uttered by the trembling wife1 ',shall  
,i send for a doctor8' no  answer was   
given4 ,her husband had expired6    ,the
 embarrassing position now occupied by  
the widow had never been  anticipated4  
,if her strength could have overcome the
 resistance of  the hard-frozen earth   
that would enable her to say to the     
,indian  deity of the wilderness1 ',with
 pious sacrilege a grave ,i stole1'  her
 force1 and that of her infant children 
united1 was insufficient  for the       
removal of the body4 ,widowed           
destitution was never more  complete4   
,there was her dead husband on one side1
 and her weeping and  distracted babes  
on the other4 ,a single night of bitter 
wakefulness  and watching was the last  
that she ventured to linger out in her  
dreary abode2 and it seemed to her an   
eternity of darkness4 ,early on  the    
morning after the death of her husband1 
the lone widow packed  up a supply of   
provision1 and1 with her children1      
mounted1 left her  cabin and unburied   

husband to search for a neighbor4 ,she  
carried  the rifle with her1 in order to
 make fire at her encampments on the    
journey4 ,on closing the door on the    
house of mourning1 the distress  of     
parting was made doubly agonizing by an 
inquiry of one of the  children1 made in
 these words3 ',are you going to leave  
daddy8'    ,the first day's route lay up
 through the valley1 and along the  bank
 of the creek on which her dwelling was 
situated2 and she was  therefore guided 
by it4 ,after the first night's         
encampment1 where  she had been         
surrounded with wolves1 and nervously   
agitated by their  howlings1 and        
occasionally the startling scream of a  
panther1 she  resumed her journey4 ,the 
little family of wanderers had marched a
  short distance from their place of    
lodging1 when all knowledge of  their   
route failed4 ,after wandering sometimes
 in one direction1 and  then retracing  
their steps and striking off at some    
other point of  the compass1 the        

bewildered mother encamped for the      
second night4  ,the next morning the    
half-distracted traveller determined to 
retrace  her steps4 ,two days brought   
her back to the dreary and desolate     
abode4 ,the cabin was surrounded with a 
snarling pack of wolves1  which were    
contending for the remains of her little
 flock of sheep4  ,these were scared    
away by the faithful dogs that had      
followed the  family4 ,the interior     
presented the frightful evidence of     
mortality4  ,a cat had made horrid      
inroads on the face of the deceased1 and
 was  still feeding on the mutilated    
corpse6 ,the necessity of burial was in 
no manner diminished by this horrid     
spectacle4 ,the afflicted woman         
scarcely knew why she had returned4 ,she
 passed another long winter  night in   
her house of mourning1 hovering with her
 little brood around  the cheerless     
hearth4    ,when morning at last        
arrived1 the family again departed1     
having  confined the cat under a tub1 to

 prevent a repetition of her cannibal   
feast4 ,after a journey of five days in 
a southwardly direction1 and  when the  
widow began to hope she was approaching 
a settlement1 she  was cheered with the 
view of smoke arising from a hunter's   
camp4 ,he  was out in search of game1   
but there was an abundance of venison   
hanging over the embers of his camp     
fire4 ,this proved a seasonable  supply1
 for the poor woman had that morning    
given the last morsel of  her stock of  
food to her children1 while she piously 
fasted herself4  ,the hunter was as much
 gratified1 on his return to his camp   
that  evening1 to find it so well       
peopled1 as he had been in the          
successful  hunt of the day4 ,the       
hospitality of the camp was profusely   
urged  upon the strangers1 and          
bear-meat1 venison1 and turkey1 and elk 
marrow-bones1 were proffered with the   
frank and liberal manner of a  woodsman4
    ,this camp was sixty miles from the 
nearest settlement2 and it was  speedily

 arranged that the hunter should        
accompany the family back  to the house1
 to inter the dead husband4 ,as the     
party approached  the cabin1 the family 
halted1 and the hunter advanced to look 
into  the condition of the interior1    
before the mourners ventured to take    
another gaze of horror4 ,hunters1 as    
well as sailors1 have their             
superstitions1 which deduct somewhat    
from their general fearless  bearing4   
,they believe in charms on their rifles1
 and sometimes employ  a person skilled 
in magical incantations to 'take off the
 spell4' ,it  is not1 therefore1        
unaccountable1 that this woodsman felt  
greater  apprehension in approaching the
 cabin where a dead body lay1 than he   
would in conflict with an ,indian1 or in
 a close hug with an 'old he  bear1'    
provided his butcher-knife was stiff1 of
 approved temper1 and  sharp at the     
point4 ,he 'laid out' an old she wolf   
with his rifle1  that was scratching at 
the door of the desolate habitation1 and

 was  on the point of raising the latch1
 when he heard issuing from within  a   
low moaning sound4 ,venturing to peep   
through an opening where  the chinking  
had fallen out1 a single glance at the  
frightful and  mutilated corpse         
satisfied his heated imagination that   
the sound  proceeded from the dead      
husband4 ,he ran off with wild affright1
 under  a full conviction that the house
 was haunted4 ,the earnest entreaties   
of the widow induced him1 in company    
with herself1 to approach the  cabin    
once more4 ,they looked in at the same  
moment1 and beheld1 as  their           
superstitious imaginations severally    
painted the scene before  them1 in the  
conception of the hunter1 a black1      
cloven-footed beast1  sitting on the    
body of the deceased1 while the widow   
insisted that  something like a swan was
 hovering over the remains of her dead  
husband4 ,the moaning was renewed2 the  
confinement of the cat was  not         
remembered1 and the spectators of the   

horrors within ran away  in despair4    
,the hunter once more ventured near     
enough to the cabin  to throw a torch   
upon its roof4 ,when the flames had     
spread1 and were  rapidly reducing the  
house to a mass of vivid ruin1 the      
funeral party  mounted their horses1 and
 turned their backs upon the ashes of   
the  ,,dead ,,husband4    ,,footnote3   
#ac ,,the writer of this very spirited  
sketch of western life1 assures  us that
 it is essentially true1 having been    
narrated to him by a  respectable       
citizen1 only six miles from the closing
 scene of the  tragic adventure4 ,a     
fictitious name has been substituted1   
out of  delicacy to the survivors of the
 family4                                
,,eds4 ,,knickerbocker4          ,,the  
,,dying ,,boy4    ,,by ,,the ,,late ,j4 
,,huntington ,,bright1 ,,esq4           
,,it must be sweet in childhood to give 
back      ,the spirit to its ,maker1 ere
 the heart      ,hath grown familiar    
with the paths of sin1      ,and soon to

 gather up its bitter fruits4      ,i   
knew a boy1 whose infant feet had trod  
,upon the blossoms of some seven        
springs1      ,and when the eighth came 
round1 and called him out      ,to revel
 in its light1 he turned away1      ,and
 sought his chamber to lie down and die4
      ',twas night2 he summoned his     
accustomed friends1      ,and on this   
wise bestowed his last request3         
',mother1 ,i'm dying now6      ,there's 
a deep suffocation on my breast1        
,as if some heavy hand my bosom pressed1
      ,and on my brows ,i feel the cold 
sweat stand4            ,say1 mother1 is
 this death8              ,mother1 your 
hand6            ,here1 lay it on my    
wrist1      ,and place the other thus1  
beneath my head2      ,and say1 sweet   
mother1 say1 when ,i am dead1           
,shall ,i be missed8                    
',never beside your knee      ,shall ,i 
kneel down at night and pray1      ,nor 
in the morning wake1 and sing the lay   
,you taught to me4            ,oh6 at   

the time of prayer1      ,when you look 
round and see a vacant seat1      ,you  
will not wait then for my coming feet-- 
,you'll miss me there6                  
',father1 ,i'm going home6      ,to that
 great home you spoke of1 that blessed  
land1      ,where there is one bright   
summer1 always bland1              ,and 
tortures do not come2            ,from  
faintness and from pain1      ,from     
troubles1 fears1 you say ,i shall be    
free--      ,that sickness does not     
enter there1 and we            ,shall   
meet again6              ',brother1 the 
little spot      ,i used to call my     
garden1 where long hours      ,we've    
stay'd to watch the coming buds and     
flowers--              ,forget it not6  
,plant there some box or pine1          
,something that lives in winter1 and    
will be      ,a verdant offering to my  
memory1            ,and call it mine4   
',sister1 the young rose-tree1          
,that all the spring has been my        
pleasant care1      ,just putting forth 

its leaves so green and fair1           
,i give to thee2            ,and when   
its roses bloom1      ,i shall be gone  
away--my short course run--      ,and   
will you not bestow a single one        
,upon my tomb8              ',now1      
mother1 sing the tune      ,you sang    
last night2 ,i'm weary1 and must sleep3 
,who was it called my name8 ,nay1 do not
 weep--            ,you'll all come     
soon6'        ,morning spreads over     
earth her rosy wings1      ,and that    
meek sufferer1 cold and ivory pale1     
,lay on his couch asleep4 ,the morning  
air      ,came through the open window1 
freighted with      ,the fragrant odors 
of the lovely spring4      ,he breathed 
it not4 ,the laugh of passer-by         
,jarred like a discord in some mournful 
note1      ,but worried not his slumber4
 ,he was dead6          ,a ,,few        
,,thoughts ,,on ,,phrenology4    ,,in   
,,two ,,parts4--,,part ,,one4           
',hear me for my cause1 and be silent   
that you may hear4'                     

--',,julius ,c,,sar4'      ,,whatever   
conflicts with the opinions or          
prejudices of mankind1 must  commend    
itself to public favor by something more
 than its simple  truth1 or according to
 the world's estimate of its danger or  
folly1  persecution or ridicule will    
ever wait upon its progress to general  
belief4    ,the phrenologist has not    
been compelled to ascend the scaffold1  
nor has he been tortured with 'a slow   
fire of green wood1' for  his heretical 
opinions2 and for this mercy1 he is     
indebted to  the enlightenment of the   
age in which he first proclaimed his    
discoveries3 but he has been preserved1 
in order to be 'roasted'  by the burning
 satire of his contemporaries1 and to be
 'served up'  for the gratification of  
those epicures in wit1 who1 with the aid
  of a good tailor1 can do more for the 
cause of truth by a look and  a laugh1  
than a ,gall or a ,spurzheim1 by the    
labors of a life4 ,to  these laughing   
philosophers1 your phrenologist is a    

very eccentric  man indeed--very2 to    
their humble apprehensions1 his science 
appears  quite stupid--quite2 and all he
 converses about1 appears to them to  be
 nothing more nor less than 'bumpology1'
 positively4 ,moreover1 they  have heard
 some amusing anecdotes upon the        
subject4 ,a travelling  disciple of this
 wonderful science1 who wrote out       
characters for  eighteen pence per head1
 once departed from the scene of his    
labors  without paying his bill1 and his
 landlord was represented as so far     
becoming a convert to his guest's       
theory1 as to believe in the organ  of  
'unpayativeness6'    ,these philosophers
 ill conceal their mirth at the frequent
 occurrence  of mistakes made by those  
gentlemen termed practical              
phrenologists1  and have been known to  
violate every rule for the suppression  
of  ungentlemanly laughter1 when the    
fact has been related1 that a           
manipulator of heads1 supposing himself 
7being blindfolded17 to be  in a prison1

 pronounced the wealthy mayor of a city 
to be a thief2  a retired butcher to be 
a murderer2 and a minister of the gospel
 to  have been convicted of rape6       
,more important opponents have been     
found among the traders in the  current 
literature of the day2 as well your     
'penny-a-liner1' as the  man who has had
 the courage to write a book1 and the   
good fortune to  vend a copy-right1 have
 been unmercifully witty at the expense 
of my  brethren2 and without waiting to 
inquire whether any important truth  was
 concerned in phrenological             
investigation1 they have only sought  to
 know whether any thing ludicrous could 
be derived from it4 ,these  oracles     
,ignorance consulted1 and the response  
was--a laugh4    ,one ,american author1 
whose writings denote the combined      
action of  mirthfulness and             
destructiveness1 very magnanimously     
allowed the  phrenologist the           
distinction of being one of the ',three 
,wise ,men of  ,gotham4' ,he is         

portrayed as sallying forth with no less
 enthusiasm  than ,la ,mancha's renowned
 knight1 nor with less 'rueful visage1' 
upon a forlorn pilgrimage to some       
,golgotha1 in quest of specimens to     
illustrate the truths of his mighty     
discovery2 while one of his high        
compeers sails in quest of the great    
central hole of the earth2 and  the     
other stands in a glow of intense       
rapture1 viewing the sudden             
perfectability of human nature4 ,but    
alas for such noble enthusiasm6  ,if our
 grave author's relation of the facts be
 genuine1 7and who  doubts his          
historical accuracy87 the        ',three
 little boys that a-sliding went1       
,all on a summer's day1'    met with an 
enviable fate1 compared with that of    
these children  of wisdom4 ,the         
captain's boat never entered the        
wished-for haven2  the philanthropist   
failed to make the lion and the lamb lie
 down  together in peace and safety2 and
 the unhappy phrenologist1 in his       

'meditations among the tombs1' erred in 
pronouncing upon the traits  of mind    
that once inhabited the poor fragments  
he had gathered up2  and he found his   
science blown to atoms1 because he      
mistook the  cranium of a fool for that 
of a philosopher6--a mistake which the  
vanity of an author might possibly make 
in his own case1 with far  better       
opportunities of judging aright4    ,a  
science that could survive an attack    
like this1 must have had  brains indeed 
to support it2 and he who ventured to   
proclaim its  truth1 after a world's    
laugh had announced its folly1 must have
  possessed more than an ordinary share 
of moral courage4    ,but the science of
 ,human ,nature survived this satire1   
and having  outlived the sneers of      
learned prejudice1 and the obstreperous 
mirth  of vulgar ignorance1 now commands
 much of the serious attention of       
mankind4    ,the world had long known   
the principal facts which suggested     
phrenological inquiry1 but had omitted  

to pursue the investigation  necessary  
to form a correct conclusion from them4 
,established  theories in government1   
civil and moral1 and in mental          
philosophy1  presented great obstacles  
to such an inquiry as has finally been  
made4 ,for many centuries1 man had been 
regarded as a depraved moral            
being--instinctively inclined to do     
wrong--without a countervailing  good   
sentiment2 and the phrenologist has not 
yet been forgiven1 in  certain quarters1
 for his refutation of this slander4 ,to
 him it was  obvious1 that no man could 
be found devoid of any good attribute4  
,one is condemned for injustice2 may he 
not be benevolent8 ,another  professes  
to hate mankind1 and yet loves his own  
offspring1 and  cherishes them with the 
most tender solicitude and care4 ,one is
 a  coward1 but nevertheless benevolent 
and just2 another is cruel1 and  yet he 
is enthusiastic and brave4 ,here is a   
prodigal2 but he is kind  and noble in  
his dispositions1 and may yet return to 

paternal love1  with forgiveness and    
blessings upon his head4 ,there1 again1 
is a  thorough hater1 and yet by the    
influence of the same temperament1  a   
most ardent lover1 whom no maiden would 
despise4 ,who had failed  to observe as 
much as this8--and yet where was the    
apologist of his  race--the defender of 
man's moral nature against the charge of
 total  depravity8    ,again3 ,the      
intellects of men varied in activity and
 strength1 and  this difference was     
known to be early developed in persons  
born  and nurtured under the same roof1 
and subjected to the same mental  and   
moral discipline4 ,the father who       
discovered that his son could  not      
easily acquire a knowledge of words1 but
 could nevertheless  demonstrate with   
readiness the most difficult problem in 
mathematics1  observed the fact in      
profitless silence4 ,the phrenologist   
pointed  the father to the conformation 
of his child's brain as the origin  of  
his mental peculiarity2 and             

demonstrated1 that the effect which  the
 parent had observed in silent wonder1  
had an adequate cause4 ,for  this he was
 ridiculed2 while he who stupidly       
believed in the effect  without the     
cause1 was reverently regarded as both  
orthodox and wise4    ,the world knew   
that the genius of ,fulton was not      
adapted to the  writing of romance1     
while no one ever supposed that ,sir    
,walter  ,scott was possessed of        
mechanical skill2 yet it was regarded as
  mere accident1 or great good fortune1 
that these distinguished  men stumbled  
into a career of thought which demanded 
the world's  admiration2 and few dreamed
 that the causes of their varied        
excellence were as great and different1 
as the effects were  dissimilar4 ,burns 
walked a poet behind his plough2 and yet
 no other  ,scottish farmer seemed a    
poet 'ready made1' although he may have 
been  as strong1 as tall1 and equally   
handsome4 ,there must have been  some   
difference in the head of ,scotia's own 

bard--something that  elevated his      
nature1 and lifted him above his walk in
 life4 ,to adopt  his own language1 he  
must have been 'one of ,nature's        
noblemen1 who  derived the patent for   
his honors directly from the ,almighty2'
 and  yet1 by what outward seal the     
patent was impressed which conferred    
the native title to distinction1 the    
world knew not1 and but for  phrenology1
 never would have known4 ,pope          
',lisped in numbers1 for the numbers    
came2'    and so did ,zerah ,colburn2   
and yet how different their numbers     
were6  ,so wonderful was this latter    
individual1 when a mere child1 that he  
was esteemed by his friends as an       
intellectual prodigy2 and parental      
love1 fondly doting on its gifted child1
 and admiring        ----'such wisdom in
 an earthly shape1      ,showed up a    
',colburn' as we show an ape4'          
,people had not ceased to wonder at the 
brilliancy of the boy1 when  his        
mediocrity as a man produced a second   

surprise4 ,he excelled in  nothing but  
numbers--and that was very mysterious   
indeed6    ,woman has three             
characteristics1 in great perfection and
 strength1 to  wit3 fear1 attachment1   
and veneration2 so much so1 that a wag  
might  define woman to be 'a timid1     
affectionate1 and religious animal4'    
,now  the phrenologist has observed1    
that at certain points where he has     
located the organs of cautiousness1     
adhesiveness1 and veneration1  woman's  
head is much fuller than man's4 ,the    
most ordinary observer  will admit this 
to be the fact1 upon inspection2 but the
 answer he  will be likely to make1 will
 be1 that this is so1 because she is  a 
woman2 whereas she happens to be a      
woman1 because this is so6  ,without the
 full manifestations of these organs of 
the mind1 woman's  nature would be      
radically changed2 her gentle dependence
 upon man  for safety and protection    
would cease2 her meek reliance upon her 
,creator1 and her distinguished         

reverence for sacred things1 would      
fail2 and the gentleness1 grace1 and    
piety of her sex would depart  from her4
 ,ambition would usurp the place of     
loveliness2 the lord of  the creation   
would have to bear a sister 'near the   
throne2' and a  rough contest for       
dominion would as much distinguish the  
sexes1 as  they are at present          
characterized by the fullest            
manifestation1 of  mutual courtesy and  
kindness4    ,before phrenological      
investigation and discovery1 man's moral
 and  intellectual nature seemed        
destined to perpetual mal-treatment4    
,the  passion of fear was appealed to   
alike1 to quicken the intellectual      
faculties and moral sentiments of youth4
 ,if one failed to acquire  a lesson in 
a particular study with the same        
facility as another1  it was set down to
 his indolence2 if one betrayed an      
unruly  propensity1 which another did   
not manifest1 it was charged to the     
general corruption of human nature2 and 

the lash1 in either case1  was regarded 
as the blessed quickener of mental and  
moral dulness4  ,the lesson was no      
better acquired1 nor was the dangerous  
propensity  diminished in activity1     
after the application of this remedy2   
and yet  the rod and the delinquent     
urchin remained inseparable companions4 
,the youth who1 under the influence of  
angry excitement1 had  taken vengeance  
on his fellow1 was never found to have  
had his  destructiveness attempered with
 benevolence through the influence  of  
scourging2 nor has he who neglected     
mathematics1 for the love of  poetry1   
ever been flogged into an admiration of 
the exact sciences4  ,the world was     
wondering at the reason of the failure1 
when the  phrenologist stepped forth and
 informed them2 but they laughed at     
him1 and whipped the children still6    
,again3 ,the man who was never forbidden
 to steal1 may never have  stolen2 while
 another1 to whom has been repeated     
every day of his  life the command1     

',thou shalt not kill1' may nevertheless
 commit  murder2 and yet both have been 
treated as though they possessed the    
same sentiments and passions in an equal
 degree2 and so of course  they have    
received the same moral discipline4 ,in 
him who knows no  fear1 how vain the    
attempt to inspire terror as the        
preventor of  crime6 ,and yet how       
readily would a noble sentiment respond 
to your  appeal1 and come to the rescue1
 when his virtue was at its greatest    
need1 had it been trained to do so8     
,pride often concedes what cannot  be   
obtained from a love of justice1 while  
love of approbation will  bestow in     
charity such sums as put benevolence to 
the blush for her  scanty gifts4        
,cautiousness often gives to vice the   
fair aspect of  virtue2 while           
ingenuousness and courage often expose  
the purest man  to accusation and       
censure4 ,the love of glory may         
stimulate to deeds  of heroism1 which   
the dauntless patriot cannot excel2 and 

people may  worship the hero for braving
 danger in their behalf1 when it was    
only  his vanity he designed most       
particularly to serve4    ,the courtier 
approaches the minister of state with   
flattery1 and  obtains power and place2 
the robber awaits his sojourn through a 
lonely wood1 and by putting in bodily   
fear1 obtains his gold2 while  the thief
 secretly creeps into his mansion1 and  
carries off his  choicest plate and     
richest jewelry4 ,would the minister1   
the courtier1  the robber1 and the      
thief1 profit by the same moral lecture1
 and the  like mental discipline8 ,men  
often possess great religious reverence1
  who are as often detected at cheating 
in trade4 ,is the world right  in       
denouncing such as hypocrites8 ,may not 
great veneration and  acquisitiveness1  
with moderate conscientiousness1 produce
 this  result8 ,what correction has been
 applied to defects like these8 ,not    
the right one1 surely4 ,the patient     
wants no more religion than he has  got1

 but a little more integrity4 ,quicken  
his conscientiousness1 and  he is cured4
    ,whose benevolence is heightened by 
fear8 ,who refrains from theft for  the 
hope of reward8 ,the just man tells you 
he has no desire to  steal4 ,will the   
fear of punishment inspire devotion8    
,the devout man  'feels to adore' his   
,creator4 ,will fear convince the       
atheist of  his error8--or the hope of  
reward convert him to a reasonable      
faith8  ,both of these have been        
lavishly dealt out to him1 with very    
little  effect4 ,there are those who    
love contention better than truth4 ,will
  argument convince such8 ,they avoid   
nothing so much as conviction1  which   
puts an end to contention1 and of course
 to all the pleasure  derived from it4  
,such interpose combativeness between   
your argument  and their reason1 and    
your blows fall thick upon the shield   
only1  and arouse it to more and more   
resistance4 ,why spin out the night in  
fruitless argument8 ,let them alone1 and

 they will be convinced as  soon as the 
spirit of strife slumbers1 and reason   
assumes her throne4    ,the phrenologist
 observed all this1 and much more2 and  
he could not  fail to conclude1 that    
men's intellectual and moral natures    
varied  almost indefinitely4 ,here was  
one distinguished for passion1 there    
another for philosophy2 one was         
celebrated for the brilliancy of  his   
fancy1 another for the solidity of his  
judgment4 ,here was a  mathematician1   
there a poet2 here a mechanic1 and there
 a musician2  and those who resembled   
each other in mental dispositions1 still
  varied in activity and strength2 so   
that there was as much difference  in   
their intellectual as in their physical 
power4 ,again1 as we have  seen1 their  
sentiments were unlike4 ,benevolence was
 contrasted with  meanness in every     
condition of human life1 and            
conscientiousness  warred with          
injustice1 wherever man was found2 so   
that the moral  aspects of men1 differed

 no less than their countenances4       
,a ,,practitioner1 ,,his ,,pilgrimage   
,,part ,,one4      ,,invocation4        
,,hail1 great ,hygea6 ,healing ,goddess1
 hail6#ad      ,and lend one moment to a
 touching tale2      ,one moment stay   
thy pestle-driving hand1      ,and let  
thy half-compounded physic stand3       
,that tale is this3 ,i have a subject   
here1      ,not anatomical--but very    
near2      ,a starving vot'ry of the    
'healing art1'      ,who shows its      
wond'rous power in every part3      ,but
 cannot find the language to describe1  
,in proper guise1 a member of thy tribe4
      ,oh6 then vouchsafe me a          
'composing draught1'      ,potent as    
ever willing patient quaff'd6           
99       99       99       99       99  
,i thank thee1 for ,i feel it working   
now1      ,and composition flows1 no    
matter how4      ,,the ,,pilgrimage4    
',,felix ,,qui ,,potuit ,,rerum         
,,cognoscere ,,causas4'        ,,the    
doctor sate sole in his easy chair1     

,and his visage was stamped with the    
marks of care1      ,and his vacant eye 
said1 as plain as eye could1      ,that 
his mind was digesting but meagre food4 
,at all events1 it were safe to say1    
,that his own wise thoughts were its    
food that day4      ,what ails thee1    
doctor8#ae ,are patients thin8          
,nay1 ,i know what you mean by that     
ready grin3      ,don't suppose ,i      
thought physic would make a man thrive1 
,when he's specially blessed1 if it     
leaves him alive3      ,no2 ,i knew that
 the veriest wretch that lies      ,on  
street-pick'd straw1 and with wistful   
eyes      ,covets the steam of the      
baker's bread1      ,with which he could
 never afford to be fed1      ,if he    
puts in his stomach one nauseous pill1  
,will make himself only more retchd     
still3      ,all this ,i can fathom2 but
 now ,i mean1      ,are your 'visits1'  
like angels'1 far between8        ,the  
,angel of ,death1 that is1 of course1   
,that rides the pale steed1 alias       

',pallida ,mors8'      ,pray have you   
not 'cases' enough1 to pay      ,for    
your coat of black and your breeches of 
gray8      ,your perpetual mourning for 
visiting-friends1      ,who1 7alas for  
your purse67 met untimely ends8         
,or art sad1 that the dose1 'hora somni 
sumendum1'      ,which was meant to     
soothe suff'rings1 should very soon end 
'em8      ,and lamentest1 with tears    
such as doctors weep1      ,that the    
patient1 in consequence1 slept his long 
sleep8      ,or art thinking1 if longer 
you could not have kept him1      ,if   
your dose had been 'pilul1 numero       
septem8'      ,now don't be             
down-hearted2 for people enough         
,still live who will patronize medical  
stuff2      ,and to whom do you think   
that a man would come quicker      ,to  
find out his ailment--in short1 be 'made
 sicker8'#af        ,but softly6 ,it's  
wasting one's breath to ply      ,a     
doctor with questions1 and get no reply2
     ,and indeed1 as he's sitting       

companionless1     ,for a wiser man 't  
would be hard to guess     ,that ,i had 
been making a mental address3      ,so  
,i'll call into service that eye of the 
mind1      ,which can see though its    
owner be never so blind1      ,and in my
 own absence can safely depend      ,on 
the word of my fancy--a poet's best     
friend2      ,and will venture to say my
 report shall compare      ,with the    
best ever written1 it matters not where4
      ,for the truest reporter1 7his    
minutes will show17      ,though he uses
 'short hand1' often draws 'the long    
bow4'        ,the doctor1 alone1 as ,i  
said before1      ,was pond'ring some   
mystical subject o'er2      ,it puzzled 
him sorely to know what to think1       
,and1 the scales being even1 which side 
to make sink4        ,now made he a     
gesture1 with eloquent hand1      ,as   
one who explains what he can't          
understand2      ,and anon1 with his    
finger laid fast by his nose1           
,impatiently heard what he meant to     

oppose2      ,then1 with sagest look and
 a lengthened face1      ,he seem'd to  
maintain t' other side of the case2     
,but however he view'd it1 before or    
behind1      ,he never could see it at  
all to his mind2      ,and he made a wry
 face1 as a doctor will1      ,when he  
sets the example of taking a pill4      
,but one thing he determin'd--at once to
 set out1      ,and fathom the matter   
beyond a doubt4        ',the long and   
the short of the matter is this3        
,i'll visit this personage--vis--vis6   
,come1 saddle me up my snow-white horse1
      ,that looks like some phthisical  
donkey's corse1      ,when1 surmounted  
by me1 with my 'phials of wrath1'       
,he carries me round on my death-dealing
 path1     ,hobbling along in the murky 
night1     ,and glimmering pale through 
the dim twilight1     ,with a little    
more spirit1 an excellent sprite4       
',but alas6 he will travel no road      
beside      ,the road to that           
patient's--the last who died6      ,in  

that case1 to be sure1 ,i used exquisite
 skill1      ,but--it's rather too early
 to carry my bill3      ,let him        
stand--for ,i'll own he has duty enough1
      ,and ',recipiat pabuli quantum    
suff4''               99       99       
99       99       99        ,,no ,,man  
who inhabits the smallest room          
,that ever had tenant1 7this side of the
 tomb17      ,let its shape or its      
furniture be what they may1      ,if his
 seat have been in it for day after day2
      ,if its little odd corners1 the   
hardest to find1      ,were familiar as 
bosom-friends1 time out of mind2        
,if his coat have hung here and his     
boots lain there1      ,and his breeches
 been toss'd about any where2      ,no  
man ever left such a well-known spot1   
,uncertain if soon to return or not1    
,but he stopped at the door1 though he  
knew not why1      ,and took a last     
look1 and perhaps heav'd a sigh4        
,so the doctor paused at the open door1 
,with his hat in his hand that he always

 wore2      7,its crown was low and its 
brim was wide1      ,and an old         
prescription was stuck inside47         
,it seemed as the sight of his          
elbow-chair      ,embodied each lurking 
shade of care2      ',what a thankless  
life is this we lead6'      ,he         
murmur'd1 as murmurs the broken reed1   
,that whispers low at the river's side1 
,to the wind that is ravaging far and   
wide4      ,but bless me6 where am ,i8  
,i ought to compare      ,a ,doctor     
,despondent to something less fair4     
',tis strange what a walk a man's fancy 
will take      ,to find out a figure1   
for simile's sake4      ,but he said1 in
 a very sad tone indeed1      ',what a  
thankless life is this we lead2#ag      
,the good ,samaritan's part is mine--   
,like him ,i administer 'oil and        
wine2'#ah      ,but those who see me    
depart to-day1      ,will think me an   
incubus1 passing away3                  
,oh6--speaking of incubi--would not a   
wife      ,make something less bitter   

this dose of a life8      ,she would    
clean out my phials1 and make out my    
bills1      ,and would do to experiment 
on with my pills3     ,i'll             
consider----' he said1 as he shut the   
door1     ,and put on the hat that he   
always wore1     ,in his haste          
precipitate1 'hind side before4         
,he hurried on foot to the car-dpt2     
,the engine was puffing1 in haste to go4
      ,he seated himself on the hindmost
 seat1      ,and he lean'd back his     
head1 and he put out his feet1      ,and
 he looked a peculiar look with his eye1
      ,and the man who sat opposite1    
wondered why2      ,and he wondered     
more1 when he heard him say      ,that  
steam locomotion had had its day2       
,but what he was thinking1 or what he   
could mean1      ,that man did not know3
 it remains to be seen4    ,,end ,,of   
,,part ,,first4      ,,footnotes3    #ad
 ,for parallel passages1 naturally to be
 expected in distinguished  authors     
treating of similar subjects1 ,i give a 

general reference to  all great poets1  
passim4    #ae ',quam viram aut heroa8' 
may the reader ask2 wherefore1 for  his 
benefit1 we will declare1 that the      
original of our hero was  a ,scottish   
physician1 whom we heard at a 'public1' 
describing a  miraculous visit to a     
'weird woman4' ,after finishing his     
story1 and  a generous glass of         
whiskey-toddy1 he went his way upon a   
sorry  gray mare1 whose acquaintance1 ,i
 am confident1 would have been cut  by  
,rosinante1 or ,hudibras's famed        
,bucephalus1 if she had solicited  a    
passing recognition4 ,the only change in
 the circumstantia1 is  his translation 
to another locality1 and making the     
object of his  pilgrimage one more      
immediately interesting here4    #af    
,the motto of the ,kirkpatrick family1  
derived from the answer  of one of their
 'forbears' to ,robert ,bruce1 when he  
'doubted he had  slain the red          
,comyn'--',i make sicker'--we commend to
 the especial  attention of the         

',faculty1' in the event of their       
application to the  herald's college for
 a new blazonry of the professional     
arms4    #ag ',medic vivere1 est miser  
vivere4'    #ah ,oleum ,ricini1 and     
,vinum ,antimonii3 ,castor oil1 and     
,wine of  ,antimony4          ,,our     
,,village ,,post-,,office4#ai    ,,by   
,,miss ,,sedgwick4        ',,why weep ye
 then1 for him1 who1 having won         
,the bound of man's appointed years1 at 
last1      ,life's blessings all        
enjoyed1 life's labors done1            
,serenely to his final rest has passed2 
,while the soft memory of his virtues   
yet      ,lingers like twilight hues1   
when the bright sun is set4'            
,,bryant4      ,,the master of our      
village post-office for many years past 
was an old  man2 but the real dispenser 
of its joys and sorrows was his son1 a  
youth who performed its duties with     
intelligence1 exactness1 and  delicacy4 
,some persons may not be aware how much 
the last quality  is called into        

requisition in a village post-master4   
,having the  universal country          
acquaintance with his neighbors'        
affairs1 he holds  the key to all their 
correspondences4 ,he knows1 long before 
the news  transpires1 when the minister 
receives a call1 when the speculator's  
affairs are vibrating2 he can estimate  
the conjugal devotion of the  absent    
husband2 but most enviable is his       
knowledge of those delicate  and        
uncertain affairs so provoking to       
village curiosity4 ,letters1  directed  
in well-known characters1 and written   
with beating hearts  within locked      
apartments1 pass through his hands4 ,the
 blushing  youth steals in at twilight  
to receive from him his doom2 and to    
him is first known the results of a     
village belle's foray through a         
neighboring district4 ,our young deputy 
post-master rarely betrayed  his        
involuntary acquaintance with the nature
 of the missives he  dispersed2 but1    
whenever sympathy was permitted1 his    

bright smile and  radiating or tearful  
eye would show how earnest a part he    
took in all  his neighbors suffered or  
enjoyed4 ,never was there a kinder heart
  than ,loyd ,barnard's--never a truer  
mirror than his face4    ,every family1 
however insignificant in the stranger's 
eye1 has a  world of its own4 ,the drama
 and the epic have their beginning1     
their  middle1 and their end1 in the    
material world4 ,the true story of human
  relations never ends1 and this seal of
 immortality it is1 that gives  a       
dignity and interest to the affections  
of the humble and unknown1  beyond that 
which fiction and poetry1 even when it  
makes gods and  heroes its actors1 can  
attach to qualities and passions that   
are  limited to this world's stage4     
,this intrinsic dignity ,i claim for the
  subjects of my humble village tale4   
,loyd ,barnard's father1 ,colonel ,jesse
 ,barnard1 belonged to that  defunct    
body1 the aristocracy of our country4   
,he served in the  revolutionary war1 he

 did good service to the state in the   
subsequent  ,shay's rebellion1 and1     
though he afterward inexplicably fell   
into the  ranks of the popular or       
democratic party1 he retained the       
manners  and insignia of his caste--the 
prescribed courtesies of the old  rgime1
 with the neatly tied cue1 and the      
garment that has given  place to the    
levelling pantaloon4 ,he even persevered
 in the use of  powder till it ceased to
 be an article of merchandise2 and to   
the  very last he maintained those      
strict observances of politeness1 that  
are becoming1 among us1 subjects of     
tradition and history4 ,these1  however1
 are merely accidents of education and  
usage4 ,his moral  constitution had     
nothing aristocratic or exclusive4 ,on  
the contrary1  his heart was animated   
with what we would fain believe to be   
the  spirit of our democratic           
institutions1 a universal good will4    
,the  colonel was remarkably exempt     
7whether fortunately or unfortunately   

each according to his taste must decide7
 from the virtue or mania  of his age   
and country2 and consequently1 at       
threescore and ten1  instead of being   
the proprietor of lands in the ,west1 or
 ships on the  sea1 he possessed nothing
 but his small paternal estate in       
,b----1 a  pretty1 cottage-looking      
dwelling1 with a garden and an acre of  
land4  ,as far back as the              
administration of ,jefferson1 he had    
received  the appointment of            
post-master2 and1 as the village grew   
with the  prosperity of manufactures and
 agriculture1 the income of the office  
has of late amounted to some five or six
 hundred dollars4 ,this1  with the      
addition of his pension as a            
revolutionary officer1 made  the colonel
 'passing rich2' for by this time his   
sons and daughters  were married1 and   
dispersed from ,maine to ,georgia1 and  
the youngest  only1 our friend ,loyd1   
remained at home4 ',passing rich' we    
say1 and  repeat it1 was the colonel4   

,those who have never seen an income of 
a few hundred dollars well administered 
in rural life1 can have no  conception  
of the comfort and independence1 nay1   
luxury1 it will  procure4 ,in the first 
place1 the staples of life1 space1 pure 
air1  sweet water1 and a continual feast
 for the eye1 are furnished in the      
country1 in unmeasured quantity1 by the 
bounty of ,providence4 ,then  when1 as  
with the colonel1 there are no vices to 
be pampered1 no  vanities to be         
cherished1 no artificial distinctions to
 be sustained1  no conventional wants to
 be supplied1 the few hundred dollars do
  all for happiness that money can do4  
,the king who has to ask his  ,commons  
for supplies1 and the ,croesuses of our 
land who still desire  more than they   
have1 might envy our contented colonel1 
or rather  might have envied him1 till1 
after a life of perfect exemption from  
worldly cares1 he came1 for the first   
time1 to feel a chill from the  shadows 
of the coming day--a distrustful fear   

that the morrow might  not take care of 
itself4    ,among other luxuries of a   
like nature1 7the colonel was addicted  
to  such indulgences17 he had allowed   
himself to adopt a little destitute     
orphan-girl1 ,paulina ,morton4 ,she came
 to the old people after all  their own 
girls were married and gone1 and proved 
so dutiful and so  helpful1 that she was
 scarcely less dear to them than their  
own flesh  and blood4 ,paulina1 or      
,lina--for by this endearing diminutive 
they  familiarly called her--was a      
pretty1 very pretty girl1 in spite of   
red hair1 which1 since it has lost the  
favor some beauty1 divine or  mortal1 of
 classic days1 won for it1 is           
considered1 if not a blemish1  certainly
 not an attribute of beauty4 ,paulina's 
friends and lovers  maintained that hers
 was getting darker every day1 and that 
even were  it fire-red1 her soft1 blue  
eyes1 spirited1 sweet mouth1 coral lips1
  and exquisitely tinted skin would     
redeem it4 ,indeed1 good old ,mrs4      

,barnard insisted it was only red in    
certain lights1 and those certain       
,ithuriel lights ,loyd ,barnard never   
saw it in2 for he often expressed  his  
surprise that any one could be so blind 
as to call auburn red6  ,in these days  
of reason's supremacy1 we have found out
 there are no  such 'dainty spirits' as 
,ariel1 ,puck1 and ,oberon4 ,still the  
lover is  not disenchanted4    ',lina1  
my child1' said the old lady1 one       
evening1 just at twilight1  while the   
burning brands sent a ruddy glow over   
the ceiling1 and were  reflected by the 
tea-things1 our 'neat-handed lass was   
arranging1'  ',lina1 do you expect ,mr4 
,lovejoy this evening8'    ',no1 ma'am4'
    ',to-morrow evening1 then8'    ',no1
 ma'am2 ,i never expect him again4'     
',you astonish me1 ,lina4 ,you don't    
mean you have given him his answer8'    
,lina smiled1 and ,mrs4 ,barnard        
continued2 ',i fear you have not duly   
considered1 ,lina4'    ',what is the use
 of considering1 ma'am1 when we know our

 feelings8'    ',we can't afford always1
 my child1 to consult feelings4 ,nobody 
can  say a word against ,mr4 ,lovejoy2  
he made the best of husbands to his     
first wife4'    ',that was a very good  
reason why she should love him1 ma'am4' 
,mrs4 ,barnard proceeded1 without       
heeding the emphasis on she4 ',he  has  
but three children1 and two of them are 
out of the way4'    ',a poor reason1 as 
,i have always thought1 ma'am1 to give  
either to  father or children for taking
 the place of mother to them4'    ',but 
there are few that are calculated for   
the place2 you are cut out  for a       
step-mother1 ,lina--just the right      
disposition for step-mother1  or        
step-daughter4'    ,paulina's ideas were
 confused by the compliment1 and she was
 on the  point of asking whether        
step-daughter and daughter-in-law       
expressed  the same relation1 but some  
feeling checked her1 and instead of     
asking she blushed deeply4 ,the good old
 lady continued her soundings4    ',i   

did not1 ,lina1 expect you to marry ,mr4
 ,lovejoy for love4'    ',for what then1
 ma'am1 should ,i marry him8' asked     
,lina1 suspending  her housewife labors1
 and standing before the fire while she 
tied and  untied the string of her      
little black silk apron4    ',girls     
often do marry1 my child1 to get a good 
home4'    ',marry to get a home1 ,mrs4  
,barnard6 ,i would wash1 iron1 sweep1   
scrub1 beg to get a home1 sooner than   
marry to get one2 and1 beside1  have ,i 
not the pleasantest home in the         
world8--thanks to your bounty  and the  
colonel's4'    ,mrs4 ,barnard sighed1   
took ,lina's fair1 chubby hand in hers1 
stroked  and pressed it4 ,at this       
moment1 the colonel1 who had1           
unperceived by  either party1 been      
taking his twilight nap on his          
close-curtained  bed in the adjoining   
bedroom1 rose1 and drew up to the fire4 
,he had  overheard the conversation1 and
 now1 to poor ,paulina's embarrassment1 
joined in it4    ',i am disappointed1   

,lina1' he said2 'it is strange it is so
 difficult  to suit you with a husband2 
you are easily suited with every thing  
else4'    ',but ,i don't want a husband1
 ,sir4'    ',there's no telling how soon
 you may1 ,lina2 ,i feel myself to be   
failing daily1 and when ,i am gone1 my  
child1 it will be all poor ,loyd  can do
 to take care of his mother4'    ',can  
,i not help him8 ,am ,i not stronger    
than ,loyd8 ,would it not be  happiness 
enough to work for ,loyd1 and ,loyd's   
mother8' thought  ,paulina2 but she     
hemmed1 and coughed1 and said nothing4  
',it would be a comfort to me1'         
continued the old man1 'to see you      
settled in a home of your own before ,i 
die4' ,he paused1 but there  was no     
reply4 ',i did not say a word when      
,william ,strong was after  you--,i did 
not like the stock2 nor when the young  
lawyer sent his  fine presents--as ,loyd
 said1 'he had more gab than wit2' nor  
when  poor ,charles ,mosely was1 as it  
were1 dying for you1 for1 though his    

prospects were fine in ,ohio1 ,i felt1  
and so did ,mrs4 ,barnard1 and so  did  
,loyd1 as if we could not have you go so
 far away from us2 but  now1 my child1  
the case is different4 ,mr4 ,lovejoy has
 one of the  best estates in the county2
 he is none of your flighty1 here to-day
  and gone to-morrow folks1 but a       
substantial1 reliable person1 and  ,i   
think1 and ,loyd said--' ,here the      
brands fell apart2 and1 while  ,paulina 
was breathless to hear what ,loyd said1 
the old colonel rose  to adjust them4   
,he had broken the thread1 and did not  
take it up in  the right place4 ',as ,i 
was saying1 my child1' he resumed1 'my  
life is  very uncertain1 and ,i think1  
and ,loyd thinks--'    ,what ,loyd      
thought ,paulina did not learn1 for at  
this moment the door  opened1 and ,loyd 
entered4    ,loyd ,barnard was of the   
,edwin or ,wilfred order2 one of those  
humble  and generous spirits that give  
all1 neither asking nor expecting  a    
return4 ,he seemed born to steal quietly

 and alone through the  shady paths of  
life4 ,a cast from a carriage in his    
infancy had1  without producing any     
mutilation or visible injury1 given a   
fatal  shock to his constitution4 ,he   
had no disease within the reach of  art1
 but a delicacy1 a fragility1 that      
rendered him incapable of  continuous   
exertion or application of any sort4 ,a 
merciful ,providence  provides          
compensations1 or1 at least1            
alleviations1 for all the  ills that    
flesh is heir to2 and ,loyd ,barnard1 in
 abundant leisure  for reading1 which he
 passionately loved1 in the tranquillity
 of a  perfectly resigned temper1 and in
 a universal sympathy with all that     
feel1 enjoy1 and suffer1 had little     
reason to envy the active and           
prosperous1 who are bustling and        
struggling through the chances and      
changes of this busy life4 ,his wants   
were few1 and easily supplied by  the   
results of the desultory employments he 
found in the village1 in  the intervals 

of his attention to the post-office4 ,as
 much of what we  call virtue is        
constitutional1 so we suppose was       
,loyd's contentment2  if it was not     
virtue1 it was happiness1 for1 till of  
late1 he had  felt no more anxiety for  
the future than nature's commoners--the 
birds and flowers4    ',ah1 my son1'    
said the old gentleman1 'you have come  
just in the  right time--but where is   
,lina gone8'    ',she went out as ,i    
came in1 ,sir1 and ,i thought she looked
 as if she  had been weeping4'          
',weeping6' echoed the colonel2 and     
',weeping6' rechoed the old lady2  and  
'could we have hurt her feelings8' asked
 both in the same breath4    ',why1     
what1 in the world have you been saying 
to her1 mother8'    ',nothing1          
,loyd--nothing--nothing--don't look so  
scared4 ,we were only  expostulating a  
little1 as it were1 and urging her to   
accept ,mr4  ,lovejoy's offer4'    ,loyd
 looked ten times paler than usual1 and 
kept his eye rivetted on  his mother1   

till she added1 ',but somehow it seems  
as if she could not  any way feel to    
it4'    ',thank ,god6' murmured ,loyd1  
fetching a long breath4 ,both parents   
heard the unwonted exclamation1 and to  
both it was a revelation4  ,the ,colonel
 rose1 walked to the window1 and1 though
 the blinds  were closed1 stood as if   
gazing out1 and the old lady jerked her 
knitting-needle from the sheath1 and    
rolled up the knitting-work1  though she
 was not in the seam-needle4    ,it is  
difficult in any case for parents to    
realize how soon their  children pass   
the bounds of childhood1 and how soon1  
among other  thoughts incident to       
maturity1 love and marriage enter their 
heads4  ,but there were good reasons why
 the ,colonel and his wife should have  
fancied the governing passions and      
objects of ordinary lives had  never    
risen above their son's horizon4 ,they  
considered him perfectly  incompetent to
 provide for the wants of the most      
frugal family1 and  they had forgotten  

that love takes no counsel from         
prudence4 ,it was  too late now to      
remember it4    ,the ,colonel1 after    
repeated clearings of his throat1 taking
 off  his spectacles1 wiping and putting
 them on again1 said1 ',are you         
attached to ,lina1 my son8' ,he used the
 word in its prescriptive  rustic sense4
    ',yes1 ,sir4'    ',strange ,i never 
mistrusted it6--,how long have you been 
so1 ,loyd8'    ',ever since ,i was old  
enough to understand my feelings2 but ,i
 did  not1 till very lately1 know that  
,i could not bear the thoughts of her   
becoming attached to another4'    ',do  
you know what ,lina's feelings are8'    
',no1 ,sir4'    ',but surely you can    
guess1 ,loyd1' interrupted his mother4  
',i can hope1 mother--and ,i do4'       
',the sooner1 my son1 you both get over 
it the better1 for there is no  kind of 
a prospect for you4'    ',my child1'    
said the good old man1 gently laying his
 hand on the  shoulder of his companion 
of fifty years1 'trust in ,providence2  

our basket and store have been always   
full1 and why should not our  children's
 be8 ,loyd now does the business of the 
post-office2 while ,i  live they can    
share with us1 and1 when ,i am gone1 it 
may so be1 that  the heart of the ruler 
will be so overruled1 that the office   
will be  continued to ,loyd4'    ,loyd1 
either anticipating his mother's        
opposing arguments1 or  himself impelled
 irresistibly to the argument of love1  
disappeared1  and the old lady1 who1 it 
must be confessed1 lived less by faith  
than  her gentle spouse1 replied3       
',the office continued to ,loyd6 ,who   
ever heard of old ,jackson's heart      
being overruled to do what he had not a 
mind to8'    ',my dear child6'          
',well1 my dear1 do hear me out2 don't  
the loaves and fishes all go  on one    
side of the table8'    ',why1 we have   
had our plates filled a pretty while1 my
 dear4'    ',well1 my dear1 old ,jackson
 could not take the bread and butter out
  of the mouth of a revolutionary       

officer4'    ',i am sure he has proved  
that he would not4'    ',no1 my dear1   
could not4 ,why1 even his own party--and
 we all know  what his party are in old 
,massachusetts--'    ',about like the   
other party1 my dear4'    ',my dear6 how
 can you say so6 ,why1 his own party are
 the most  violent1 given-over1 as it   
were1 and low-lived people2 yet they    
would  be ashamed to see you turned out 
of office4'    ',they would be sorry1 ,i
 know2 for we have many good friends1   
and  kind neighbors among them2 there's 
,mr4 ,loomis1 ,harry ,bishop1 and ,mr4  
,barton4'    ',mr4 ,barton6 ,lyman      
,barton6 ,my dear1 every body knows1 and
 every body  says1 ,lyman ,barton has   
been waiting this last dozen years to   
step  into your shoes4 ,the post-office 
is just what he wants4 ,to be sure  he  
is a snug man1 and lives within his     
means2 but then he has a  large growing 
family1 and they are obliged to be      
prudent1 and there  would be enough to  
say he ought to have the office4 ,and1  

beside1  is he not always working for   
the party8 writing in the paper8 and    
serving them every way8 ,and who was    
ever a ,jackson man1 but for  what he   
expected to get for it8 ,no1 no1 my     
dear1 mark my words6 you  won't be cold1
 before ,lyman ,barton will be sending  
off a petition to  ,washington for the  
office1 and signed by every ,jackson man
 in town4'    ',i don't believe it1 my  
dear2 ,i don't feel as if ,lyman ,barton
 would  ask for the office4'    ',well1 
my dear1 you'll see1 after you are dead 
and gone1 how it will  be--you may      
laugh--,i mean ,i shall see1 if ,i am   
spared--you always  have1 colonel1 just 
such a blind faith in every body4'      
',my faith is founded on reason and     
experience1 my dear4 ,through life  ,i  
have found friends kind to me beyond my 
deservings1 and far beyond  my          
expectations4 ,i have got pretty near   
the other shore1 and ,i can't  remember 
that ever ,i had an enemy4'    ,while   
this conversation was in progress1 there

 was a tte--tte1  on which we dare not  
intrude1 in another apartment of the    
house4 ,the  slight veil that had       
covered the hearts of our true lovers   
dropped  at the first touch1 and both1  
finding a mine of the only riches  they 
coveted1 'dared be poor' in this world's
 poor sense4 ,secured  by the good      
colonel's indulgence1 for the present   
they were too  happy to look beyond the 
sunshine that played around them for any
  dark entanglements to which their path
 might conduct them4 ,in any  event1    
they did not risk the miseries of       
dependence1 nor the pains  of           
starvation4 ,nature1 in our land1       
spreads an abundant table2 and  there is
 always a cover awaiting the frugal and 
industrious laborer  7or even gleaner7  
in her fruitful fields4 ,any thing short
 of absolute  want1 perhaps even that1  
it seemed to our young friends happiness
 to  encounter together4    ,oh ye      
perjured traffickers in marriage vows6  
ye buyers and sellers of                

hearts--hearts6 they are not articles of
 commerce--buyers and sellers  of the   
bodies that might envelope and contain  
celestial spirits1 eat1  drink1 and be  
merry1 for to-morrow ye die6 ,to-morrow 
your home1 that  temple of the          
affections1 which ,god himself has      
consecrated1 shall be  their tomb1      
within whose walls shall be endured the 
torpor of death  with the acute         
consciousness of life6    ,our simple   
friends wotted not of the miseries of   
artificial life4  ,these had never even 
crossed the threshold of their          
imaginations4  ,the colonel gave his    
hearty consent for the asking1 and his  
prudent  help-mate was too true-hearted 
a woman to withhold hers4 ,there are    
those wise as serpents1 if not harmless 
as doves1 in village life2  and such    
shook their heads1 and wondered if the  
colonel calculated  to live and be      
post-master for ever6 or if ,loyd could 
be such a  fool as to expect to succeed 
to the office1 when every body knew it  

was just as good as promised to ,mr4    
,barton6 ,loyd ,barnard1 a steady1      
consistent 7our own side is always      
consistent7 whig1 expect the  tender    
mercies of the ,jackson party6 ,no1     
,loyd ,barnard indulged no  such        
extravagant expectation4 ,he had stood  
by 'old ,massachusetts'  through her    
obstinate or her consistent opposition  
to the general  government1 and he      
expected to reap the customary reward of
 such  firmness or--prejudice4 ,to      
confess the truth1 he thought little    
about  the future1 and not all of the   
,malthusian theories4 ,his present      
happiness was enough1 and it was        
brightened with the soft and equal      
light of the past4 ,as to ,paulina1 it  
was her nature1        ',ne'er to       
forgather wi' sorrow and care1      ,but
 gie them a skelp as they're creepin    
alang4'    ,the preliminaries being     
adjusted1 it was agreed on all hands    
that the  wedding should not be         
deferred4 ,quilts were quilted--the     

publishment  pasted on the church       
door--and the wedding-cake made4 ,never 
had the  colonel seemed better and      
brighter2 his step was firmer1 his      
person  more erect than usual2 and his  
face reflected the happiness of his     
children1 as the leafless woods warm and
 kindle in a spring sunshine4    ,at    
this moment came one of those sudden    
changes that mock at human              
calculations4 ,an epidemic influenza1   
fatal to the feeble and the  old1 was   
passing over the whole country4 ,colonel
 ,barnard was one of  its first victims4
 ,he died after a week's illness2 and   
though he was  some years beyond the    
authorized period of mortality1 his     
death at  this moment occasioned a      
general shock1 as if he had been cut off
 in  the prime of life4 ,all--even his  
enemies1 we should have said1 but       
enemies he had none--spoke of the event 
in a subdued voice1 and with  the       
sincerest expressions of regret4 ,the   
grief of his own little  family we have 

not space to describe1 or1 if we had1   
how could we  depict the desolation of a
 home from which such a fountain of love
  and goodness was suddenly removed8    
,notwithstanding the day of the  funeral
 was one of the coldest of a severe     
,january1 the mercury  being some       
degrees below cipher1 and the gusty1    
cutting wind driving  the snow into     
billows1 numbers collected from the     
adjoining towns to  pay the last tribute
 of respect to the good colonel4        
,there is a reality in the honor that is
 rendered at a rustic funeral  to a     
poor1 good man1 a touching sincerity in 
sympathy where every  follower is a     
mourner4    ,the custom1 growing in some
 of our cities1 of private funerals1 of 
limiting the attendants to the family   
and nearest friends of the  deceased1 is
 there in good taste4 ,the parade of    
ceremony1 the pomp  of numbers1 the     
homage of civility1 and all the show and
 tricks of  hollow conventional life1   
are never more out of place1 never more 

revolting1 than where death has come    
with its resistless power and  awful    
truth4 ,but a country funeral has1      
beside its quality of general  sorrow1  
somewhat of the nature of the ,egyptian 
court that sat upon  the merits of the  
dead4 ,the simplicity and frankness of  
country life  has truly exhibited the   
character of the departed1 and if judged
  in gentleness 7as all human judgments 
should be rendered7 it is  equitably    
judged4    ,the colonel's humble home   
was filled to overflowing1 so that there
  were numbers who were obliged to await
 the moving of the procession  in the   
intense cold on the outside of the      
house2 and they did wait1  patiently and
 reverently--no slight testimony of     
their respect4    ,the coffin was placed
 in the centre of the largest apartment1
 in  country phrase1 the                
'dwelling-room4' ,within the little     
bedroom sat  the 'mourners2' but a      
stranger1 who should have seen the crowd
 as  they pressed forward one after     

another1 for a last look at their       
departed friend1 might have believed    
they were all mourning a father4  ,they 
were remembering a parent's offices4    
,there was the widow1 whom  he had      
visited in her affliction2 there the    
orphans1 now grown to be  thriving men  
and women1 fathers and mothers1 whom he 
had succored1  counselled1 and watched  
over2 there were those whom he had      
visited  in prison2 there were sometime 
enemies converted to friends by his     
peace-making intervention2 there was the
 young man reclaimed by  his wise       
counsel and steady friendship1 for the  
good colonel had  a 'skeptic smile' for 
what others deemed hopeless depravity1  
and  believed          ----'some pulse  
of good must live      ,within a human  
nature4'    ,and there were children    
with wet eyes1 for the rare old man who 
had  always a smile for their joys1 and 
a tear for their troubles2 and  one1 ,i 
remember1 as her mother lifted her up   
for the last look1  whispered1 ',oh1 he 

is too good a man to bury up in the     
ground6'    ,and there1 in the midst of 
this sad company1 and with a face quite 
as sad as his neighbors'1 stood ,lyman  
,barton4 ,a little urchin1 a  particular
 friend of the old colonel's1 and of    
mine too1 who stood  beside me1 pulled  
my ear down to his lips1 and turning his
 flashing  eye upon ,barton1 whispered1 
',ought not he to be ashamed of         
himself8'    ',why1 ,hal1 why8'    ',he 
is making believe cry1 just like a      
crocodile6 ,every body says  he has     
written to old ,jackson already to be   
made post-master4 ,i wish  he was in the
 colonel's place4'    ',you could not   
wish him in a better1 my dear4'    ',oh1
 ,i did not mean that6 ,i did not mean  
that6'    ,he would have proceeded2 but 
,i shook my head1 and put an end to the 
explanation he was eager to make4       
99       99       99       99       99  
,,the funeral was over1 the cold wind   
was howling without1 the sigh of  the   
mourners alone was heard1 where a few   

days before all had been  cheerfulness  
and preparation for the happiest event  
of human life4  ,paulina had lighted a  
single lamp1 and placed it in the       
farther  part of the room1 for there    
seemed something obtrusive even in the  
cheerfulness of light4 ,she was seated  
on a low chair beside the  old lady4    
,the passiveness of grief was peculiarly
 unsuited to her  active and happy      
nature2 and1 as she sat as if she were  
paralyzed1  not even heeding the        
,colonel's favorite cat1 who jumped into
 her  lap1 and purred1 and looked up for
 its accustomed caress1 one could       
hardly believe she was the same girl who
 was for ever on the wing1  laughing and
 singing from morning till night4 ,poor 
,loyd too1 who  had so gently acquiesced
 in the evils of his lot1 who had bent  
like  the reed before the winds of      
adversity1 suffered now as those only   
do who resist while they suffer4        
,perhaps it was not in human nature  not
 to mingle the disappointment of the    

lover with the grief of the  son1 and1  
while he was weeping his loss1 to ponder
 over some of his  father's last words4 
',of course1 my children1' he had said1 
'you will  dismiss all thoughts of      
marriage--for the present1 ,i mean4 ,it 
will be  all1 ,i am afraid more1 than   
you can do1 ,loyd1 when the post-office 
and the pension are gone1 to get bread  
for your mother4 ,if you marry1  you    
can't tell how many claims there may be 
upon you4 ,but don't be  discouraged1 my
 children2 cast your care upon the      
,lord--something may  turn              
up--wait--blessed are they who wait in  
faith4'    ,both promised to wait1 and  
both1 as they now revolved their        
promise1  religiously resolved to abide 
by it1 cost what it might4    ,their    
painful meditations were interrupted by 
a knock at the outer  door1 and ,loyd   
admitted ,major ,perrit1 one of his     
neighbors1 and one  of those everlasting
 meddlers in others' affairs1 who1 if a 
certain  proverb were literal1 must have

 had as many fingers as ,argus had eyes4
    ',i am sorry for your affliction1   
ma'am1' said he1 shaking ,mrs4          
,barnard's extended hand1 while a sort  
of simpering smile played about  his    
mouth1 in spite of the appropriate      
solemnity he had endeavored to  assume2 
'don't go out1 ,miss ,paulina2 what ,i  
have to communicate is  interesting to  
you1 as well as to the widow and son of 
the deceased4'    ',some other time1    
,sir1' interposed ,loyd1 whose face did 
not conceal  how much he was annoyed by 
the officiousness and bustling manner of
  his visitor4    ',excuse me1 ,loyd2 ,i
 am older than you1 and ought to be a   
little  wiser2 we must take time by the 
fore-lock2 others are up and doing2  why
 should we not be8'    ,loyd now        
comprehended the ,major's business1 and1
 pained and somewhat  shocked1 he turned
 away2 but1 remembering the intention   
was kind1  though the mode was coarse1  
he smothered his disgust1 and forced    
himself to say3    ',we are obliged to  

you1 ,major ,perrit1 but ,i am not in a 
state of mind  to attend to any business
 this evening4'    ',oh1 ,i know you    
have feelings1 ,loyd2 but you must not  
be more nice  than wise4 ,they must not 
get the start of us4 ,i always told my  
wife it would be so1 and now she sees ,i
 was right4 ,i tell you1  ,loyd1 in     
confidence1 your honored father was not 
cold1 before ,lyman  ,barton was handing
 round his petition for the office4' ,it
 was not  in human nature for the old   
lady to suppress an a-hem6 at this      
exact fulfilment of her prediction to   
the poor colonel4 ',barton's  petition1'
 continued ,perrit1 'will go on to      
,washington in the mail  to-morrow1 and 
ours must go with it2 here it is4' ,he  
took the paper  from his pocket1 and1   
opening it1 showed a long list of names4
 ',a  heavy list1' he added2 'but every 
one of them whigs2 we did not ask  a    
,jackson man2 there would have been no  
use1 you know2 ,lyman ,barton  leads    
them all by the nose4'    ,here ,perrit 

was interrupted by a knock at the entry 
door4 ,a  packet addressed to ,loyd was 
handed to him4 ,perrit glanced at the   
superscription1 and exclaimed1 ',this is
 too much1 by ,george6 ,he has  had the 
impudence to send you the petition4'    
',i could not have believed this of     
him1' thought ,loyd1 as he broke  the   
seal2 for he1 like his father1          
reluctantly believed ill of any  one4   
,there were a few lines on the envelope2
 he read them to himself1  and then1    
with that emotion which a good man feels
 at an unexpected  good deed1 he read   
them aloud3        ',,my ,,dear ,,friend
 ,,loyd3        ',excuse me for         
intruding on you1 at this early moment1 
a      business matter that ought not to
 be deferred4 ,you will see      by the 
enclosed1 that my friends and myself    
have done what we      could to testify 
our respect for the memory of your      
excellent      father1 and our esteem   
for you4 ,wishing you the success you   
deserve1                ',i remain very 

truly yours1                            
',,lyman ,,barton4'    ,the enclosed    
paper was a petition1 headed by ,lyman  
,barton1 and  signed by almost every    
,jackson partisan in the town1 that the 
office  of post-master might be given to
 ,loyd ,barnard4 ,a short prefix to the 
petition expressed the signers' respect 
for the colonel1 and their  unqualified 
confidence in his son4 ,perrit ran his  
eye over the list1  and exclaiming1     
',this is the ,lord's hand6 by ,george6'
 he seized his  hat and departed1 eager 
to have at least the consolation of     
first  spreading the news through the   
village4    ,few persons comprehend a   
degree of virtue beyond that of which   
they  are themselves capable4    ',it   
is1 indeed1 in one sense1' said ,loyd1  
as the door closed after  ,perrit1 'the 
hand of the ,lord2 for ,he it is that   
makes his creatures  capable of such    
disinterested goodness4'    ,those who  
heard the fervid language and tone in   
which ,loyd expressed  his gratitude1   

when he that night1 for the first time1 
took his  father's place at the family  
altar1 must have felt that this was  one
 of the few cases where it was equally  
'blessed to give and to  receive4'      
,loyd's appointment came by return of   
mail from ,washington4 ,in due  time the
 wedding-cake was cut1 and ,our ,village
 ,post-master is as  happy as love and  
fortune can make him4           99      
99       99       99       99    ,it was
 a bright thought in a philanthropist of
 one of our  cities1 to note down the   
actual good deeds that passed under his 
observation4 ,we have imitated his      
example in recording an act of rare     
disinterestedness and generosity4 ,it   
certainly merits a more enduring        
memorial2 but it has its fitting reward 
in the respect it inspires1  and in its 
blessed tendency to vanquish the        
prejudices and soften the  asperities of
 political parties4    ,,footnote3      
#ai ,,we are indebted to an advance copy
 of ',,the ,,token1' for #ahch1  for    

this admirable story1 from the pen of   
one who touches nothing  that she does  
not ornament2 and happily it is only    
virtue and  goodness which she strives  
to embellish4 ,like ',our ,burial       
,place1'  written for the               
,,knickerbocker1 by the same author1 it 
is domestic  and simple in its details1 
yet even more interesting than romance4 
,it is to be regretted1 that the        
circulation of such of our annuals  as  
blend instruction and valuable lessons  
with amusement1 should be  mainly       
confined1 owing to their expensive dress
 and adornments1 to  the larger cities  
and towns4 ,bestowed at a season when   
the hearts of  both giver and receiver  
are peculiarly open to kind impulses and
 good  inculcations1 they must be       
regarded as capable of a wide and       
salutary  influence4                    
,,eds4 ,,knickerbocker4                 
,,sonnets3 ,,by ',,quince4'             
,,autumn4        ,,imperial ,autumn6    
,season's ,monarch6 throned        ,in  

more than orient pomp and majesty--     
,earth's harvest king6 with smiles and  
sunshine crowned1        ,full of       
perfection and maturity6      ,thou art 
the vaunted glory of the year2          
,scarlet and gold and emerald leaves are
 thine1      ,rocks1 trees and forests  
thy rich mantles wear1        ,and all  
earth's verdures in thy lustres shine3  
,yet1 as the expiring lamp most brightly
 glows--        ,or as the hectic on    
,consumption's cheek--      ,so to the  
year1 thy beauty paints the close1      
,thy added lustre does grim death       
bespeak3      ,but even in death thou   
own'st supremacy1        ,and mayest    
example--not exampled--be4              
,,appearances4        ,,in fruit most   
tempting1 ashes hidden lie2        ,in  
richest flowers lives not the sweetest  
breath2      ,in berries are1 most      
beauteous to the eye1        ,poisons   
impregnate1 in whose taste is death2    
,the sweetest song-bird's plumage is not
 gay1        ,but birds which sing not  

are most fair to see1      ,yet from the
 beautiful we turn away1        ,to list
 the song-bird's dulcet melody6      ,so
 homely virtue sometimes lowly lies1    
,by brazen vice's gaudy lustre seen2    
,but vice discerned1 in ermine we       
despise2        ,and virtue known1 we   
honor as a queen4      ,from fruit1     
flower1 bird1 from all the inference is1
        ,we may mistake1 full oft1      
,,appearances4      ,,avarice4          
,,he comes with stealthy step and       
restless eye1        ,meagre and wan--a 
living skeleton--      ,to where his    
god1 his golden treasures lie1          
,he comes to feast 7his only meal7      
thereon3      ',rich6 rich6' he cries--'
 ,i am as ,croesus rich6'        ,poor1 
poor he is6--not ,lazarus more poor2    
,envy him not1 thou houseless1 wandering
 wretch1        ,who beg'st for charity 
from door to door2      ,it is gaunt    
,avarice6 ,if he could feed        ,his 
famished body through his greedy eye1   
,or carry to the grave his gold--indeed6

        ,envied on earth he'd live1 and 
envied die2      ,but he is like the    
wave which covers o'er      ,gems       
unenjoyed1 it leaves1 in ebbing from the
 shore4          ,,anacreontic4      ,i4
        ,,strike1 strike the golden     
strings1        ,and to their glorious  
sound1      ,fill1 fill the red wine    
high1        ,and let the toast go      
round3      ,to woman1 dearest woman1   
,quaff we the generous wine2      ,give 
me thy hand1 my brother1        ,here's 
to thy love and mine1            ,thy   
love and mine6    ,,ii4        ,strike1 
strike the harp1 that ever              
,thrilled to dear woman's praise2       
,of all the themes the brightest        
,may win a poet's lays3      ,to woman1 
dearest woman1        ,quaff the warm   
blood of the vine2      ,and hand in    
hand1 my brother1        ,drink we to   
thine and mine1            ,to thine and
 mine6                                  
,a4 ,a4 ,m4          ,,ollapodiana4     
,,number ,,xxi4      ,,we parted1 good  

my reader1 last at the ,catskills--no8  
',it was a  summer's evening2' and with 
my shadow on the mountain mist1 ,i ween1
  vanished in your thoughts the memory  
of me4 ,well1 that was natural4  ,a     
hazy1 dream-like idea of my whereabout  
may have haunted you for a  moment--but 
it passed4 ,i cannot allow you to escape
 so easily4 ',lend  us the loan' of your
 eye1 for some twenty minutes2 and if   
you are a  home-bred and untravelled    
person1 'tis likely1 as the valet says  
in  ,cinderella1 that ',i may chance to 
make you stare6'           99       99  
99       99       99    ,,in discoursing
 of the territorial wonderments in      
question1 which have  been moulded by   
the hand of the ,almighty1 ,i cannot    
suppose that you  who read my reveries  
will look with a compact1 imaginative   
eye upon  that which has forced its huge
 radius upon my own extended vision4  ,i
 ask you1 howbeit1 to take my arm1 and  
step forth with me from the  piazza of  
the ,mountain ,house4 ,it is night4 ,a  

few stars are peering  from a dim azure 
field of western sky2 the high-soaring  
breeze1 the  breath of heaven1 makes a  
stilly music in the neighboring pines2  
the  meek crest of ,dian rolls along the
 blue depths of ether1 tinting  with    
silver lines the half dun1 half fleecy  
clouds2 they who are in  the parlors    
make 'considerable' noise2 there is an  
individual at  the end of the portico   
discussing his quadrupled julep1 and    
another  devotedly sucking the end of a 
cane1 as if it were full of mother's    
milk2 he hummeth also an air from ,il   
,pirata1 and wonders1 in the  simplicity
 of his heart1 'why the devil that there
 steam-boat from  ,albany1 doesn't begin
 to show its lights down on the         
,hudson4' ,his  companion of the glass1 
however1 is intent on the renewal       
thereof4  ,calling to him the chief     
'help' of the place1 he says3 ',is that 
other  antifogmatic ready8'    ',no1    
,sir4'    ',well1 now1 person1 what's   
the reason8 ,what was my last           

observation8  ,says ,i to you1 says ,i1 
',make me a fourth of them beverages2'  
and moreover ,i added1 ',just you keep  
doing so2 be constantly  making them1   
till the order is countermanded4' ,give 
us another2  go6--vanish6--'disappear1  
and appear6''    ,the obsequious servant
 went2 and returning with the desired1  
draught1 observed1 probably for the     
thousandth time3 ',there6 that's  what  
,i call the true currency2 them's the   
ginooyne mint drops2                    
,,ha--ha--ha6'--these separate divisions
 of his laughter coming out  of his     
mouth at intervals of about half a      
minute each4           99       99      
99       99       99    ,,there is a    
bench near the verge of the ,platform   
where1 when you sit  at evening1 the    
hollow-sounding air comes up from the   
vast vale  below1 like the restless     
murmurs of the ocean4 ,anchor yourself  
here  for a while1 reader1 with me4 ,it 
being the evening of the national       
anniversary1 a few patriotic individuals

 are extremely busy in  piling up a huge
 pyramid of dried pine branches1 barrels
 covered  with tar1 and kegs of spirits1
 to a height of some fifteen or twenty  
feet--perhaps higher4 ,a bonfire is     
premeditated4 ,you shall see anon1  how 
the flames will rise4 ,the preparations 
are completed2 the fire  is applied4    
,hear how it crackles and hisses6       
,slowly but spitefully  it mounts from  
limb to limb1 and from one combustible  
to another1  until the whole welkin is  
a-blaze1 and shaking as with thunder6   
,it is a beautiful sight4 ,the gush of  
unwonted radiance rolls in  effulgent   
surges adown the vale4 ,how the owl     
hoots with surprise at  the interrupting
 light6 ,bird of wisdom1 it is the      
,fourth6 and you may  well add your     
voice to swell the choral honors of the 
time4 ,how the  tall old pines1 withered
 by the biting scathe of ,eld1 rise to  
the  view1 afar and near--white shafts1 
bottomed in darkness1 and standing  like
 the serried spears of an innumerable   

army6 ,the groups around the  beacon are
 gathered together1 but are forced to   
enlarge the circle of  their            
acquaintance1 by the growing intensity  
of the increasing blaze4  ,some of them1
 being ladies1 their white robes waving 
in the mountain  breeze1 and the light  
shining full upon them1 present1 you    
observe1 a  beautiful appearance4 ,the  
pale pillars of the portico flash       
fitfully  into view1 now seen and gone1 
like columns of mist4 ,the swarthy      
,african who kindled the fire regards it
 with perspiring face and  grinning     
ivories2 and lo6 the man who hath       
mastered the quintupled  glass of       
metamorphosed eau-de-vie1 standing by   
the towering pile  of flame1 and1       
reaching his hand on high1 he smiteth   
therewith his  sinister pap1 with a most
 hollow sound--the knell1 as it were1 of
 his  departing reason4 ,in short1 he is
 making an oration6    ,listen to those 
voiceful currents of air1 traversing the
 vast  profound below the ,platform6    

,what a mighty circumference do they    
sweep6 ,over how many towns1 and        
dwellings1 and streams1 and             
incommunicable woods6 ,murmurs of the   
dark1 sources and awakeners of  sublime 
imagination1 swell from afar4 ,you have 
thoughts of eternity  and power here1   
which shall haunt you evermore4 ,but we 
must be early  stirrers in the morning4 
,let us to bed4           99       99   
99       99       99    ,,you can lie on
 your pillow at ,catskill1 and see the  
god of day  look upon you from behind   
the pinnacles of the ,white ,mountains  
in  ,new-,hampshire1 hundreds of miles  
away4 ,noble prospect6 ,as the great    
orb heaves up in ineffable grandeur1 he 
seems rising from beneath  you1 and you 
fancy that you have attained an         
elevation where may be  seen the motion 
of the world4 ,no intervening land to   
limit the  view1 you seem suspended in  
mid-air1 without one obstacle to check  
the eye4 ,the scene is indescribable4   
,the chequered and interminable  vale1  

sprinkled with groves1 and lakes1 and   
towns1 and streams2 the  mountains afar 
off1 swelling tumultuously heavenward1  
like waves of  the ocean1 some          
incarnadined with radiance1 others      
purpled in shade2  all these1 to use the
 language of an auctioneer's            
advertisement1 'are  too tedious to     
mention1 but may be seen on the         
premises4' ,i know of  but one picture  
which will give the reader an idea of   
this ethereal  spot4 ,it was the view   
which the angel ,michael was polite     
enough1  one summer morning1 to point   
out to ,adam1 from the highest hill of  
,paradise3        ',his eye might there 
command wherever stood      ,city of old
 or modern fame1 the seat      ,of      
mightiest empire1 from the destined     
walls      ,of ,cambalu1 seat of        
,cathaan ,can1      ,and ,sarmachand by 
,oxus1 ,temir's throne1      ,to ,paquin
 of ,sinan kings2 and thence      ,to   
,agra and ,labor of great ,mogul        
,down to the golden ,chersonese2 or     

where      ,the ,persian in ,ecbatan    
sat1 or since      ,in ,hizpahan2 or    
where the ,russian ,ksar      ,in       
,mosco2 or the ,sultan in ,bizance1     
,turchestan born2 nor could his eye not 
ken      ,the empire of ,negus1 to his  
utmost port1      ,erocco2 and the less 
maritime kings      ,mombaza1 and       
,quiloa1 and ,melind1      ,and ,sofala1
 thought ,ophir1 to the realm      ,of  
,congo and ,angola1 farthest south2     
,or thence from ,niger flood to ,atlas' 
mount1      ,the kingdoms of ,almanzor1 
,fez1 and ,suz1      ,morocco1 and      
,algier1 and ,tremizen2      ,on ,europe
 thence1 and where ,rome was to sway    
,the world2 in spirit perhaps he also   
saw      ,rich ,mexico1 the seat of     
,montezume1      7,and ,texas too1 great
 ,houston's seat--who knows87      ,and 
,cusco in ,peru1 the richer seat        
,of ,atabalipa2 and yet unspoiled       
,guiana1 whose great city ,geyron's sons
      ,call ,el ,dorado4'           99  
99       99       99       99    ,,of   

the falls1 sooth to say1 little can be  
ejaculated in the  eulogistic way4 ,the 
cataract is only 'on hand' for a part of
 the  time4 ,it is kept in a dam1 and   
let down for two shillings4 ,the demand 
for the article has sometimes exceeded  
the supply1 especially in  dry weather4 
,we quote the sales1 as per register1   
while there1 at  perhaps some three     
hundred yards4 ,oh1 ,mercury6 ,scenery  
by the square  foot6 ,sublimity by the  
quintal6           99       99       99 
99       99    ,,it looks to be a       
perilous enterprise1 to descend the     
,catskills4 ,you  feel1 as you commence 
the 'facilis descensus1' 7what an       
unhackneyed  phrase1 to be sure67 very  
much the sort of sensation probably     
experienced by ,parachute ,cocking1     
whose end was so shocking4 ,the  wheels 
of the coach are shod with the          
preparation of iron slippers1  which are
 essential to a hold-up2 and as you bowl
 and grate along1  with                 
wilderness-chasms and a brawling stream 

mayhap on one hand1  and horrid masses  
of stone seemingly ready to tumble upon 
you on  the other--the far plain        
stretching like the sea beneath you1  in
 the mists of the morning--your emotions
 are fidgetty4 ,you  are not afraid--not
 you1 indeed6 ,catch you at such folly6 
,no2  but you wish most devoutly that   
you were some nine miles down1          
notwithstanding--and are looking eagerly
 for that consummation4           99    
99       99       99       99    ,,we   
paused just long enough at the base of  
the mountain1 to water the  cattle1 and 
hear a bit of choice grammar from the   
landlord2 a burly1  big individual1     
'careless of the objective case1' and   
studious of  ease1 in bags of tow-cloth1
 7trowsers by courtesy17 and a          
roundabout  of the same material2 the   
knees of the unmentionables apparently  
greened by kneeling humbly at the       
lactiferous udder of his only cow1  day 
by day4 ,he addressed 'the gentleman    
that driv' us down3'    ',well1         

,josh--,i seen them rackets6'           
',wa'n't they almighty bright8' was the 
inquisitive reply4    ,this short       
colloquy had reference to a train of    
fire-works which were  set off the      
evening before at the                   
,mountain-,house--long snaky trails  of 
light1 flashing in their zig-zag course 
through the darkness4  ,it was beautiful
 to see those firy sentences written    
fitfully  on the sky1 fading one by one1
 like some ,hebrew character--some      
,nebuchadnezzar scroll--in the dark     
profound1 and showing1 as the  rocket   
fell and faded1 that beneath the lowest 
deep to which  it descended1 there was  
one yet lower still1 to which it swept  
'plumb-down1 a shower of fire4'    ,we  
presently rolled away1 and were soon    
drawn up in front of the  ,hudson and   
the horse-boat1 at the landing4 ,the    
same unfortunate  animals were peering  
forth from that aquatic vehicle2 one of 
them  dropping his hairy lip1 with a    
melancholy expression1 and the other    

strenuously endeavoring to remove a wisp
 of straw which had found a  lodgment on
 his nose4 ,the effort1 however1 was    
vain2 his physical  energies sank under 
the task2 he gave it up1 and was soon   
under way  for the opposite shore1 with 
his four-legged fellow traveller1 and   
three bipeds1 who were smoking segars4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,,it is right pleasant and joyous to see
 the number of juvenile  patriots who   
are taken forth into the country1 7whose
 glories for  the first time1 perhaps1  
are shed upon their town-addicted eyes17
 on  the great national holiday4 ,to    
them1 the flaunting honors of the       
landscape have a new beauty1 and a      
joyous meaning2 the sun hangs  above    
them like a great ball of fire in the   
sky2 the waters wear  a glittering      
sheen2 and the wide moving pulse of life
 beats with  a universal thrill of      
happiness to them4 ,i could not but note
 the  number of urchins in the steamer1 
whom their 'paternal derivatives'  were 

guiding around1 and showing1 to their   
vision at least1 'all  the kingdoms of  
the world1 and the glory of them4'      
99       99       99       99       99  
,,well1 to those who are disposed to    
glean philosophy from the mayhap  less  
noticeable objects of this busy world1  
there are few sights more  lovely than  
childhood4 ,the little cherub who now   
sits at my knee1 and  tries1 with tiny  
effort1 to clutch the quill with which  
,i am playing  for you1 good reader2    
whose capricious taste1 varying from    
ink-stand  to paper1 and from that to   
books1 and every other portable         
thing--all  'movables that ,i could tell
 you of'--he has in his little person   
those elements which constitute both the
 freshness of our sublunary  mortality1 
and that glorious immortality which the 
mortal shall yet  put on4 ,gazing upon  
his fair young brow1 his peach-like     
cheek1 and  the depths of those violet  
eyes1 ,i feel myself rejuvenated4 ,that 
which bothered ,nicodemus1 is no marvel 

to me4 ,i feel that ,i have a  new      
existence2 nor can ,i dispel the        
illusion4 ,it is harder1 indeed1  to    
believe that he will ever be what ,i am1
 than that ,i am otherwise  than he is  
now4 ,i cannot imagine that he will ever
 become a pilosus  adult1 with harvests 
for the razor on that downy chin4 ,will 
those  golden locks become the brown    
auburn8 ,will that forehead rise as  a  
varied and shade-changing record of     
pleasure or care8 ,will the  classic    
little lips1 now colored as by the      
radiance of a ruby1 ever  be fitfully   
bitten in the glow of literary          
composition8--and will  those sun-bright
 locks1 which hang about his temples    
like the soft  lining of a summer cloud1
 become meshes where hurried fingers    
shall  thread themselves in play8 ,by   
the mass1 ,i cannot tell4 ,but this ,i  
know4 ,that which hath been1 shall be3  
the lot of manhood1 if he live1  will be
 upon him2 the charm--the obstacle--the 
triumphant fever--the  glory1 the       

success--the far-reaching thoughts1     
----',that make them eagle wings        
,to pierce the unborn years4'    ,i     
might 'prattle out of reason1' and fancy
 what1 in defiance of  precedent        
furnished by propinquity of blood1 he   
possibly might  be2 an aldermanic       
personage1 redolent of wines and        
soup--goodly in  visage1 benevolent in  
act1 but strict in justice4 ,i might    
fancy  him with a most voluminous       
periphery1 and a laugh that shakes the  
diaphragm1 from the imo pectore to the  
vast circumference of the  outer man4   
,these things may be imagined1 but not  
believed4 ,yet it  is with others as    
with ourselves3 ',we know what they are1
 but not  what they may be4' ,time adds 
to the novel thoughts of the child1  the
 tricks and joyance of the urchin--the  
glow of increasing years1  the passion  
of the swelling heart1 when experience  
seems to school  its energies4 ,but in  
the flush of young existence1 ,i can    
compare  a child--the pride and delight 

of its mother and its kindred--to       
nothing else on earth1 of its own form  
or image4 ,it is like a  young and      
beautiful bird--heard1 perhaps1 for     
once1 in the days of  our juvenescence1 
and remembered ever after1 though never 
seen again4  ,its thoughts1 like the    
rainbow-colored messenger discoursed of 
in the  poetic entomology of ,la        
,martine1        ',born with the spring1
 and with the roses dying--             
,through the clear sky on ,zephyr's     
pinion sailing2      ,on the young      
flowret's open bosom lying--            
,perfume1 and light1 and the blue air   
inhaling2      ,shaking the thin dust   
from its wings1 and fleeing1        ,and
 soaring like a breath in boundless     
heaven3      ,how like ,desire1 to which
 no rest is given6      ,which still    
uneasy1 rifling every treasure1         
,returns at last above1 to seek for     
purer pleasure4'           99       99  
99       99       99    ,,in truth1 ,i  
do especially affect that delightful    

period in the life  of every descendant 
of old ,fig ,leaves1 in ,eden1 which may
 truly be  called the ,april of the     
heart4 ,how sweet are its smiles6 ,and  
on the  face of babyhood1 'the tears1'  
to use the dainty term of ,sir ,philip  
,sidney1 'come dropping down like raine 
in ye sunshine1 and no heed  being taken
 to wype them1 they hang upon the       
cheekes and lippes1 as  upon cherries   
which the dropping tree bedeweth4'      
,halcyon season6 ,its  pure thoughts and
 rich emotions come and go1 like the    
painted waftage  of a morning cloud2 or 
most like that fulness of pearls which  
may  be shaken from the matin spray4    
,the night1 to such1 comes with its     
vesper hush and stillness1 like the     
shadow of a shade4 ,sorrow is           
transient1 and ,hope ever new4 ,sabbath 
of the soul1 fresh from its  ,god6 ,to  
the vision of these1 how brightly the   
leaves move1 and the  breeze-crisped    
waters quiver6 ,how their quick pulses  
bound1 in the  newness of existence1 at 

that which is ancient and disdained of  
the  common eye6 ,to them1 every color  
is prismatic1 and wears the hue of      
,eden4 ,with thoughts like these1       
however un-novel1 ,i apostrophize  ',,my
 ,,boy3'        ,,thou hast a fair1     
unsullied cheek--          ,a clear and 
dreaming eye1      ,whose bright and    
winning glances speak          ,of      
life's first revelry2      ,and on thy  
brow no look of care      ,comes like a 
cloud1 to cast a shadow there4          
,in feeling's early freshness blest--   
,thy wants and wishes few3      ,rich   
hopes are garnered in thy breast1       
,as summer's morning dew      ,is found1
 like diamonds1 in the rose--           
,nestling1 midst folded leaves1 in sweet
 repose4        ,keep thus1 in love1 the
 heritage          ,of thy ephemeral    
spring2      ,keep its pure thoughts1   
till after age          ,weigh down thy 
spirit's wing2      ,keep the warm      
heart--the hate of sin4      ,and       
heavenly peace will on thy soul break   

in4        ,and when the even-song of   
years          ,brings in its shadowy   
train      ,the record of life's hopes  
and fears1          ,let it not be in   
vain1      ,that backward on existence  
thou canst look1      ,as on a pictured 
page or pleasant book4           99     
99       99       99       99    ,,in   
the wonder which we feel as to children 
growing old1 we are apt  to associate   
ourselves with them4 ,when one who1 in  
the hey-dey of  his blood1 and before   
the glow of the purpureum lumen of his  
'better-most hours' has begun to        
diminish1 is led to regard 7and to      
hear1 beside1 for the fact rings often  
at his auricular portals17  that a vital
 extract is extant1 he wonders if that  
'embryon atom'  will ever come to       
denominate the agent of his being as    
'the old  gentleman6' ,of course1 it    
must be impossible4 ,yet 'there is no   
mistake on some points4' ,in the course 
of his travels1 ,old ,time  effects many
 a marvel2 but he pushes on with his    

agricultural  implement1 and streaming  
fore-lock2 7nobody 'does him proud1' and
 he  disdains the toupe17 until his     
oldest friends are metamorphosed1  and  
his youngest begin to experience how    
'tempora mutantur1 et  nos mutamur in   
illis4' ,this reminds me of a song1     
which ,i like  amazingly1 because it    
contains such a mingling of truth1      
beauty1 and  melody3        ,i ,,often  
think each tottering form        ,that  
limps along in life's decline1          
,once bore a heart as young1 as warm1   
,as full of idle thoughts1 as ,,mine6   
,and each has had his dream of joy1     
,his own unequalled1 pure romance2      
,commencing1 when the blushing boy      
,first thrills at lovely woman's glance4
        ,and each could tell his tale of
 youth--        ,would think its scenes 
of love evince      ,more passion1 more 
unearthly truth1        ,than any tale1 
before or since4        ,yes6 they could
 tell of tender lays        ,at midnight
 penned1 in classic shades1      ,of    

days more bright than modern days--     
,of maids more fair than living maids4  
,of whispers in a willing ear1          
,of kisses on a blushing cheek--        
,each kiss1 each whisper1 far too dear1 
,for modern lips to give or speak4      
,of prospects1 too1 untimely crossed1   
,of passion slighted or betrayed--      
,of kindred spirits early lost1         
,and buds that blossomed but to fade4   
,of beaming eyes1 and tresses gay1      
,elastic form and noble brow1      ,and 
charms--that all have passed away1      
,and left them--what we see them now6   
,and is it thus6--is human love         
,so very light and frail a thing6       
,and must ,youth's brightest visions    
move        ,for ever on ,time's        
restless wing8        ,must all the eyes
 that still are bright1        ,and all 
the lips that talk of bliss1      ,and  
all the forms so fair to sight1         
,hereafter only come to this8           
,then what are ,love's best visions     
worth1        ,if we at length must lose

 them thus8      ,if all we value most  
on earth1        ,ere long must fade    
away from us8        ,if that one being 
whom we take        ,from all the world1
 and still recur      ,to all she said1 
and for her sake        ,feel far from  
joy1 when far from her2        ,if that 
one form which we adore1        ,from   
youth to age1 in bliss or pain1         
,soon withers and is seen no more--     
,why do we love--if love be vain6    ,in
 what strange contrast with a picture   
like this1 does the beautiful  ,,uhland 
place some of his nature-colored        
characters6 ,how sweetly does  he draw  
the picture of two devoted beings1      
practising palmistry1 with  palm to     
palm1 and uttering a world of downy     
nonsense beneath the  rolling moon3     
',,in a garden fair were roaming1       
,two lovers1 hand in hand2      ,two    
pale and shadowy creatures1        ,they
 sat in that flowery land4        ,on   
the lips1 they kissed each other1       
,on the cheeks so full and smooth2      

,they were wrapt in close embracings--  
,they were warm in the flush of youth4' 
,these are very apt verses to be made   
directly out of a man's head1  ar'n't   
they8 ,how the author must have been    
haunted with visions2 all               
',sweeter than the lids of ,juno's eyes1
      ,or ,cytherea's breath4'          
99       99       99       99       99  
,i ,,forgot to observe1 that the        
postillion of whom ,i have spoken1  was 
rather profane4 ,he told a story of his 
experience some years  before1 with a   
divine1 who was riding with him1 on his 
professional  seat1 in the west1 to     
attend a 'protracted meeting4' ',it was 
about 'lection time1' said he1 'and ,i  
had just gi'n in my vote4  ,of course1  
,i was used with hospitality2 and ,i was
 a leetle  'how-come-you-so8' as ,miss  
,kimball says in her ,tower4 ,well ,i   
driv  on1 at an uncommon rapid rate2    
7that's a fact27 and whensumever ,i     
threw out the mail-bags at a stoppin'   
place1 ,i replenished the inner         

individual4 ,at last ,i became1 as the  
parson observed1 'manifestly            
inebriated2' and he ondertook for to    
lecter me6 ,i said nothing1  until he   
observed1 or rather remarked1 that 'he  
should not be  surprised if ,i fell from
 my seat some day1 and would be found   
with my  head broke1 and                
extravagantsated blood on the pious     
matter4''    ',well1' says ,i1 ',i      
shouldn't be surprised2 it would be just
 my d----d  etarnal luck6''    ',he     
didn't say no more all the trip4 ,i shot
 him up4'    ',but the election'--it was
 inquired--'did you succeed in that8'   
',oh1 yes2 and the man that we put in1  
made a fool of himself at  ,albany1 into
 the ,legislature1 and there was a piece
 put into a book  about him a'terwards4'
    ',ah8--what was it8    ',here it    
is1' was the reply of my gentleman1 as  
he drew from his  pocket a worn fragment
 of a printed page4    ',on the first   
day of the session1 he was enabled to   
utter the  beginning of a sentence1     

which would probably have had no end1   
if it had not been cut short1 as it was1
 by the ,speaker4 ,on the  presentation 
of some petitions1 which he thought had 
a bearing on  his favorite subject1 the 
election by the people of public        
notaries1  inspectors of beef and pork1 
sole-leather1 and staves and heading1 he
  got on his legs4 ',when1' said he1    
',mr4 ,speaker1 we consider the march   
of intellect in these united1 as ,i may 
say confederated1 states1 and  how the  
genius of liberty soars1 in the vast    
expanse1 stretching her  eagle plumes   
from the ,pacific ,ocean to             
,long-,island ,sound1 gazing with  eyes 
of fire upon the ruins of empires----'  
just at which point of  arial elevation1
 the ,speaker brought down the          
metaphorical flight of  the genius1 and 
that of the aspiring orator together1 by
 informing  the latter that he should be
 happy to hear him when in order1 but   
that there was now no question before   
the ,house6'#bj    ',but what was the   

name of this man8' was a query following
 this  eloquent extract4    ',smith1    
,sir1 was his name2 ,smith1 ,john       
,smith1 of ,smithopolis1 and  surrogate 
of ,smith ,county4 ,he was the first man
 in ,smithville2 was  a blacksmith in   
his youth1 a goldsmith a'terwards1 and  
,john ,smith  through all4 ,a consistent
 man1 ,sir2 no change with him2 always  
upright1 but always poor2 unchanging1   
for he had nothing to change  with6 ,he 
was a distinguished man2 had letters    
advertised in the post  office2 owned a 
blood horse2 led the choir at church2   
read 'the  ,declaration' on every       
,fourth-of-,july2 made all the          
acquaintances he  could2 was exceedingly
 fussy on all occasions4 ,in short1 he  
was a  very great man in a small way4   
,his speech will stand as a memorial of 
his genius1 when the ,kattskill shall be
 troubled with the mildew of  time1 and 
the worms of decay6'           99       
99       99       99       99           
,,well--the reign of autumn1 for the    

present year1 has come2 and  there will 
doubtless be the annual quotations of   
description in the  newspaper market4   
,some of it will remain on first hands1 
and the  rest will find a ready         
circulation4 ,meditation will vent      
itself upon  apostrophe2 poetry will be 
engendered2 old songs will be re-sung4  
,it is1 in truth1 a delicious season1   
and no one can be blamed for  yielding  
himself up to its influences4 ,when the 
first yellow surges  of ,september      
sunlight seem to roll through the       
atmosphere2 when the  dust of the city  
street1 as you look at some stately     
carriage1 whose  wheels are flashing    
toward the west1 seems rising around    
them like  an atmosphere1 colored       
betwixt the hue of gold and crimson2    
when  the mountains put on their        
beautiful garments1 where tints of the  
rainbow mingle with the arial blue of   
the sky2 when the winds have a          
melancholy music in their tone1 and the 
heaven above us is enrobed in           

surpassing purity and lustre--then1 the 
dwellers in great capitals  may perhaps 
conceive of the richness and fruition of
 the country2  but they cannot approach 
the reality4 ,the harvest moon has      
waned2 the  harvest home been held2 the 
wheat is in the garner2 the last peaches
  hang blushing on the topmost branches 
where they grew2 the fragrant  apples   
lie in fairy-colored mounds beneath the 
orchard trees1 and the  cheerful        
husbandman whistles at the cider-press4 
,as ,september yields  her withered     
sceptre into the grasp of ,october1 the 
hills begin to  invest themselves in    
those many-colored robes which are the  
livery  of their new sovereign4 ,as my  
observant friend1 7a well-belovd        
,epinetus17 who hath discoursed of      
matters outre-mer1 so richly hymns  it1 
then there comes        ,a mellow       
richness on the clustered trees2        
,and1 from a beaker full of richest     
dyes1      ,pouring new glory on the    
autumn woods1      ,and dipping in warm 

light1 the pillared clouds1      ,morn1 
on the mountain1 like a summer bird1    
,lifts up her purple wing2 and in the   
vales      ,the gentle wind1 a sweet and
 passionate wooer1      ,kisses the     
blushing leaf1 and stirs up life        
,within the solemn woods of ash deep    
crimsoned1      ,and silver beech1 the  
maple yellow leaved--      ,where       
,autumn1 like a faint old man1 sits down
      ,by the way-side a-weary4 ,through
 the trees      ,the golden robin moves2
 the purple finch1      ,that on wild   
cherry and red cedar feeds1      ,a     
winter bird comes with its plaintive    
whistle1      ,and pecks by the witch   
hazel2 while aloud1      ,from cottage  
roofs1 the warbling blue-bird sings4    
,to me1 there is nothing of that dark   
solemnity about the autumnal  season1   
which it has to the morbid or the       
foreboding4 ,it comes1 laden  with      
plenty1 and breathing of peace4 ,there  
seems a sweet monition  in every whisper
 of the gale1 and the rustle of every   

painted leaf1  which may speak a world  
of tranquillity to the contemplative    
mind4  ,if there be sadness around and  
within1 it is the sadness which is      
cherished1 and the gloom that purifies2 
it is that doubtful twilight  of the    
heart1 which is succeeded at last by a  
glorious morning4 ,we  think with the   
serene and heavenly-minded ,malcolm1 of 
the distant1  or the departed1 who have 
gone before us to lay down their heads  
upon pillows of clay1 and repose in the 
calm monotony of the tomb4  ,reflection 
asserts her sway1 and the spirit expands
 into song3        ,sweet ,sabbath of   
the ,year6        ,when evening lights  
decay1      ,thy parting steps methinks 
,i hear1        ,steal from the world   
away4        ,amid thy silent bowers1   
',tis sad but sweet to dwell1           
,where falling leaves and fading        
flowers1        ,around me breathe      
farewell4        ,along thy sun-set     
skies1        ,their glories melt in    
shade2      ,and like the things we     

fondly prize1        ,seem lovelier as  
they fade4        ,a deep and crimson   
streak1        ,the dying leaves        
disclose1      ,as on ,consumption's    
waning cheek1        ,mid ruin1 blooms  
the rose4        ,the scene each vision 
brings        ,of beauty in decay2      
,of fair and early-faded things1        
,too exquisite to stay3        ,of joys 
that come no more2        ,of flowers   
whose bloom is fled2      ,of farewells 
wept upon the shore2        ,of friends 
estranged1 or dead6        ,of all1 that
 now may seem        ,to memory's       
tearful eye      ,the vanished beauty of
 a dream1        ,o'er which we gaze and
 sigh6           99       99       99   
99       99    ,,and now1 reader1       
,benedicite6 ',hail--and farewell6'     
,decidedly thine1                       
,,ollapod4    ,,footnote3    #bj        
,,sands4          ,,lament    ,,of ,,the
 ,,last ,,of ,,the ,,peaches4#ba        
',,lone1 trembling one6      ,last of a 
summer race1 withered and sere--        

,say1 wherefore dost thou linger here8  
,thy work is done6'                     
,w4 ,g4 ,c4      ,i4        ,,in solemn 
silence here ,i live1        ,a lone1   
deserted peach2      ,so high that none 
but birds and winds        ,my quiet    
bough can reach2      ,and mournfully1  
and hopelessly1        ,i think upon the
 past--      ,upon my dear departed     
friends1        ,and ,i--the last--the  
last6    ,,ii4        ,my friends6--oh  
daily one by one        ,i see them drop
 away1      ,unheeding all my tears and 
prayers1        ,that vainly bade them  
stay2      ,and here ,i hang1           
alone--alone6        ,while life is     
fleeing fast1      ,and sadly sigh that 
,i am left1        ,alas6--the last--the
 last6    ,,iii4        ,farewell then1 
thou my little world1        ,my home   
upon the tree2      ,a sweet retreat1 a 
quiet home1        ,thou may'st no      
longer be2      ,the willow trees stand 
weeping nigh1        ,the sky is        
overcast1      ,the autumn winds moan   

sadly by--        ,i fall--the last--the
 last6    ,,footnote3    #ba ',,these   
lines1' writes a fair correspondent1 in 
a delicate  crow-quill hand1 and on an  
aroma-breathing sheet1 'were written    
the other day in my album1 by a dear    
friend of mine2 a school-girl  of       
sixteen4 ,are they not pretty8 ,i think 
they are worth  publishing--don't you8' 
,of course we answer1 ',yes4'           
,,eds4 ,,knickerbocker4                 
,,literary ,,notices4          ,,the    
,,token ,,and ,,atlantic ,,souvenir4 ,a 
,,christmas ,,and ,,new ,,year',s       
,,present4 ,edited by ,s4 ,g4           
,,goodrich1 pp4 #cab4 ,boston3 ,american
      ,stationers' ,company4 ,new-,york3
 ,,wiley ,,and ,,putnam4    ,,talent of 
a high order has been employed to enrich
 both the pictorial  and literary       
departments of the ',token' for the     
coming year2 and1 in  our judgment1 the 
work greatly exceeds in merit1 as it    
certainly does  in size1 any of its     
predecessors4 ,let us first take a      

running glance  at the embellishments4  
,the presentation-plate1 from a tasteful
 design  by ,,chapman1 is engraved on   
wood by ,,adams2 and in so masterly a   
manner  is it executed1 that it seems   
more like a fine steel engraving1 than  
a cutting upon wood4 ,the succeeding    
picture1 ',the ,expected ,canoe1'       
painted by ,,chapman1 and engraved by   
,,andrews and ,,jewett1 is very         
spirited in its conception1 and finished
 in execution4 ,the rising  storm1 the  
lightning1 the anxious countenance of   
the ,indian maiden1  and the ease and   
grace of her position1 are worthy of    
especial  praise4 ,there is something   
quite yankeeish in ,,chapman's design   
of the frontispiece--a cupid leaning    
over a huge pumpkin to see  another     
carve a 'token' upon the rind4 ,we can  
say little for ',the  ,only ,daughter1' 
although engraved by ,,andrews1 from a  
painting by  ,,newton4 ,the subject is  
harsh and unpleasing4 ,there is         
,,chapman's old  fault in the ',indian  

,maiden at her ,toilet1' or ',the       
,token4' ,there is  not an ,indian      
feature1 nor the semblance of one1 in   
the face of the  girl4 ,otherwise1 the  
picture is well conceived4 ,one of the  
richest  plates in the volume1 is       
',english ,scenery1' engraved by        
,,smillie1 from  a painting by ,,brown4 
,it is mellow and soft1 in the ensemble1
 yet  distinct in minute detail1 and    
there is about it an almost living      
atmosphere4 ,a very clever picture1 too1
 is ,,healy's ',young ,american  on the 
,alps1' and it has received ample       
justice at the hands of the  engraver1  
,g4 ,h4 ,,cushman4 ',the ,last of the   
,tribe1' painted by ,,brown1  and       
engraved by ,,ellis1 should have been   
called ',a ,mountain ,scene1'  and the  
,indian figure omitted4 ,he lacks the   
proper physiognomy1  sadly4 ,the scenery
 is well imagined4 ',the ,fairies in    
,america1' like  all attempts at        
depicting such nondescript creatures of 
air1 strikes  us as a failure4 ,leaving 

out all the figures1 both the painting  
and engraving reflect credit upon the   
artists1 ,,chapman and ,,smillie4       
',,martha ,,washington1' engraved by    
,,cheney and ,,kellogg1 is a good       
engraving of a far more beautiful female
 than we have been accustomed  to       
consider the original1 from the         
portraits we have hitherto  seen4 ,she  
is here depicted in her young and rosy  
years1'plump as  a partridge1' and most 
delectable to look upon4 ,thus much for 
the  plates2 and now a few words        
touching the literary contents4    ',the
 ,wonders of the ,deep1' by ,,pierpont1 
well deserves the place of  honor which 
it occupies4 ,it is a poem1 without the 
form of verse2  and its poetry is of a  
high order4 ,we ask attention to the    
annexed  paragraphs3        ,what a     
wonder is the sea itself6 ,how wide does
 it stretch out      its arms1 clasping 
islands and continents in its embrace6  
,how      mysterious are its            
depths6--still more mysterious its      

hoarded      and hidden treasures6 ,with
 what weight do its watery masses       
roll onward to the shore1 when not a    
breath of wind is moving      over its  
surface6 ,how wonderfully fearful is it1
 when its      waves1 in mid ocean1 are 
foaming and tossing their heads in      
anger under the lash of the tempest6    
,how wonderfully beautiful1      when1  
like a melted and ever-moving mirror1 it
 reflects the      setting sun1 or the  
crimson clouds1 or the saffron heavens  
after the sun has set2 or when its      
'watery floor' breaks into      myriads 
of fragments the image of the quiet moon
 that falls      upon it from the skies6
        ,wonderful1 too1 are those hills
 of ice that break off1 in      thunder1
 from the frozen barriers of the pole1  
and float      toward the sun1 their    
bristling pinnacles glistening in his   
beams1 and slowly wasting away under his
 power1 an object at      once of wonder
 and of dread to the mariner1 till they 
are lost      in the embrace of more    

genial deeps4 ,and that current is a    
wonder1 which moves for ever onward from
 the southern seas1      to the colder  
latitudes1 bearing in its waters the    
influence      of a tropical sun1 and   
saying to the icebergs from the pole1   
',hitherto may ye come1 but no farther4'
 ,and1 if possible1      still more     
wonderful are those springs of fresh    
water which1      among the ,indian     
,isles1 gush up from the depths of a    
salt      ocean1 a source of refreshment
 and life to the seaman who is          
parching with thirst 'beneath a burning 
sky4' ,and is it not      as wonderful1 
when1 not a spring of fresh water1 but a
 column      of volcanic fire shoots up 
from 'the dark unfathomed caves      of 
ocean1' and throws its red glare far    
over the astonished      waves1 that    
heave and tremble with the heaving and  
trembling      earth below them6        
wonderful1 when that pillar of fire     
vanishes1      leaving a smoking volcano
 in its place6 and wonderful1 when      

that volcano1 in its turn1 sinks back1  
and is lost in the      depths whence it
 rose6        ,then there are other     
wonders in the living creatures of the  
deep1 from the animalcule1 that 'no eye 
can see1' and that      scarcely 'glass 
can reach1' up to 'that ,leviathan which
 ,god      hath made to play therein4'  
,in 'this great and wide sea are        
things creeping innumerable1 both small 
and great beasts4'      ,yet ,he1 who   
hath made them all1 even there openeth  
his hand      and satisfieth the desires
 of all4 ,wonderful is it1 that1 of     
these 'creatures innumerable1' each one 
finds its food in some      other1 and  
in its turn1 serves some other for food2
 and that      this great work of       
destruction and reproduction goes on in 
an      unbroken circle from age to age1
 in the deep silence of those      still
 deeper waters where the power of man is
 neither felt nor      feared6          
,what a wonder1 too1 is that line of    
phosphoric light1 which1      in the    

darkest night1 streams along 'the way of
 a ship in the      midst of the sea6'  
,what is it that gives out this fire1   
which1      like that of love1 'many    
waters cannot quench1 neither can the   
floods drown it8' ,theorists may        
speculate1 naturalists may      examine1
 chemists may analyze2 but none of them 
can explain2      and all agree in this1
 that it is a wonder1 a mystery1 a      
marvel4 ,a light that only motion       
kindles6 a fire that burns      nothing6
 a fire1 too1 seen1 not in a bush on    
,horeb1 which is      not burned1 but in
 the deep waters of the ocean that      
cannot      be6 ,is not this a wonder8  
,and1 if that path of light is a wonder1
 which streams back      from the rudder
 of a ship1 is not that ship itself a   
wonder8      ,that a fabric so gigantic 
as a first rate ship1 of traffic or     
of war1 framed of ponderous timbers1    
compacted with bolts and      bands of  
still more ponderous iron1 holding in   
its bosom masses      of merchandise1   

under whose weight strong cars have     
groaned1      and paved streets         
trembled1 or bearing on its decks hosts 
of      armed men1 with the thundering  
armament of a nation--that      a fabric
 thus framed and thus freighted1 should 
float in a      fluid1 into which1 if a 
man fall1 he sinks and is lost1 is      
in itself a wonder4 ,but that such a    
fabric should traverse      oceans1     
struggling on amid the strife of seas   
and storms1 that      it should hold on 
its way like 'a thing of life1' nay1    
like a      thing of intellect1 a being 
endued with courage1 and stimulated     
by a high purpose1 a traveller that has 
seen the end of his      voyage from the
 beginning1 that goes forth upon it     
without      fear1 and completes it as  
with the feeling of a triumph1 is1      
as it seems to me1 a greater wonder     
still4 ,let me ask you to      stand1 as
 you perhaps have stood1 upon the deck  
of such a ship1            ',in the dead
 waist and middle of the night1'        

now in the strong light of the moon1 as 
it looks down upon you      between the 
swelling sails1 or now in the deep      
shadow that      the sails throw over   
you4 ,hear the majestic thing that bears
      you1 breasting and breaking       
through the waves that oppose           
themselves to her march6 ,she is moving 
on alone1 on the top of      the world1 
and through the dread solitude of the   
sea4 ,nothing      is heard1 save1      
perhaps1 the falling back of a wave1    
that has      been showing its white    
crest to the moon1 or1 as your ship is  
plowing her way1 the rushing of the     
water along her sides4 ,yet      she    
seems to care for all that she contains1
 and to watch1      while they sleep as 
sweetly in her bosom as in their own    
beds      at home3 and1 though she sees 
no convoy to guard her1 and no          
torch-bearer to guide her1 she seems as 
conscious that she is      safe1 as she 
is confident that she is going right4   
,is not all      this a wonder8         

',peter ,goldthwait's ,treasure' is from
 the pen1 and in the peculiar  vein1 of 
the author of ',twice-,told ,tales1'    
whose writings are well  known1 in every
 sense1 to our readers4 ,we think we are
 not in error  in attributing the       
spirited sketch1 ',endicott and the ,red
 ,cross1' to  the same source4 ',the    
,shaker ,bridal1' may be traced to a    
kindred  paternity not less unerringly  
by the table of contents1 than by a     
certain style1 which1 although sui      
generis1 partakes nevertheless  of many 
of the simple graces of the fine old    
,english prose writers4  ,of the merits 
of ',our ,village ,post-,office1' by    
,miss ,,sedgwick1 our  readers are      
enabled to judge2 and our opinion of it 
is expressed  'where they may turn the  
leaf to read it4' ,there are pleasant   
love-stories for the ladies1 and young  
lovers of both sexes1 as ',the  ,love   
,marriage1' by ,mrs4 ,,hale1 ',sylph    
,etherege1' ',xeri1 or ,a ,day in       
,batavia1' translated from the ,german1 

by ,,nathaniel ,,greene1 ,esq41         
',jaques ,de ,laid1' etc4 ,we could     
almost forgive the author of ',a ,tale  
of ,humble ,life' for drawing so        
revolting1 and we must add unnatural  a 
portrait1 as that of ,george ,cavendish1
 in consideration of the  following     
graphic description of the advent of a  
,new-,england festival3        ,it was  
the night before ,thanksgiving2 that    
season whose very      name speaks of   
happiness2 when the prosperous are      
called upon      to remember whence     
their blessings come1 and the wretched  
to      observe that there is no such   
thing as unmitigated misery2 the        
most forlorn having something in their  
lot for which they may      thank ,god4 
,abundance walked with her cornucopia   
through the      land1 leaving no       
virtuous poor1 starving amid unrewarded 
toils2      the ties of kindred brought 
merry groups round many a blazing       
hearth1 and friendship or hospitality   
threw open the domestic      sanctuary1 

and admitted into the kindly circle     
those whom the      chances of life had 
separated from their own homes and      
kindred4        ,the lover of ,jane had 
been compelled1 by the death of his     
father in ,vermont1 to take a long      
journey at the approach of      this    
festival2 and business was to detain him
 yet a few days      longer4 ,it was not
 for him therefore that she sat         
listening      in the corner of the     
roaring chimney1 turning her head       
eagerly as the merry sleighs dashed     
jingling by4 ,half a dozen      noisy   
youngsters about her threatened         
demolition to the old      flag-bottomed
 chairs in a game of blind-man's buff1  
while one      rosy urchin sat in her   
lap1 struggling against sleep1 and      
whining in reply to her whispered       
admonitions1 ',i don't want to      go  
to bed till cousin ,george comes4' ,at  
last a sleigh stopped      at the door2 
the blindfold hero of the game tore the 
bandage      from his eyes1 the drowsy  

boy in the corner jumped up wide        
awake1 and clapped his hands1 and a     
young man1 muffled in a      cloak and  
seal-skin cap1 sprung into the room1 as 
one sure of      a welcome4 ,in an      
instant1 the arms of ,jane were round   
her only      brother1 and the redoubled
 clamors of the children brought the    
matron from the pantry1 redolent of     
fresh-baked pies1 and the      old man  
from the cellar1 laden with a basket of 
apples worthy      of the ,hesperides4  
,all was noise and confusion1 and the   
young      stranger was loudest and     
gayest of the throng4    ',night        
,sketches beneath an ,umbrella1' and    
',martha ,washington1' the  latter by   
,mrs4 ,,sigourney1 are the only prose   
articles which we have  not named1 and  
they are in all respects worthy the     
excellent company  they keep4    ,the   
poetry is rather above than below the   
general 'annual' standard4  ,among the  
contributors to this department1 are    
,miss ,h4 ,f4 ,,gould1 ,o4  ,w4         

,,holmes1 ,,grenville ,,mellen1 ,h4     
,,hastings ,,weld1 ,rev4 ,j4 ,h4        
,,clinch1  and others not unknown to    
fame2 but our space obliges us to       
confine  ourselves to these brief       
comments1 and to forego extracts4 ,and  
we  must here conclude1 by recommending 
the ',token' to ,american readers1  as a
 work every way worthy of general       
patronage4           99       99        
99       99       99                    
,,confessions ,,of ,a ,,roman ,,catholic
 ,,priest4 ,edited by ,,samuel ,f4 ,b4  
,,morse1 ,a4 ,m4 ,new-,york3 ,,john ,s4 
,,taylor4    ,,this work is from the pen
 of a ,french gentleman1 now in this    
country1  and but lately a ,roman       
,catholic priest4 ,portions of it1 in   
the  view of the editor1 afford strong  
if not conclusive proofs of a           
systematic design in ,europe to create a
 strong ,popish party in this  country4 
,the personal narrative of the writer is
 replete with the  interest of romance1 
especially those parts of it which      

describe the  love-passages and trials  
of the priest1 and his fair penitents of
 the  confessional4 ,the editor affirms 
that the author is known to be what  he 
professes himself to be1 and that his   
book is strictly true4                  
,,editors' ,,table      ,,henry         
,,russell4--,would that every reader    
upon whom the portrait of  ,,russell in 
the present number may smile1 could hear
 the 'voice of  melody' roll from those 
lips which has gone to the hearts of so 
many in our ,atlantic cities6           
,simplicity1 tenderness1 strength1 and  
mellowness1 are the agents by which ,mr4
 ,,russell produces his effects2  and   
the result is always the same4 ,it is   
not our purpose here to  enter upon an  
analysis of his extraordinary musical   
powers2 since we  have on two or three  
occasions heretofore spoken of his voice
 and  execution at some length4 ,his    
style1 so simple yet so effective1      
which 'catches a grace beyond the reach 
of art1' is lightly regarded1  we       

believe1 by certain of those who        
consider themselves as 'great  shakes'  
in the musical world1 simply because    
they can shake1 and  trill1 and quaver1 
in that 'difficult' manner which it was 
once  so much the mode to admire1 but   
which1 thanks to ,,russell1 and one  or 
two other distinguished melodists1 has  
had its little day4 ,these  demurring   
professors may find some countenance in 
their attempts  to foist upon the public
 an unnatural taste for a species of    
music  wholly unsuited to the genius of 
our people1 but it will proceed  from   
such as care more for the music of      
fashion than of the heart1  and who have
 travelled abroad to import new ideas of
 the art1 with  not a little conceit1   
arrogance1 and foppery4 ,but the crowds 
who  attend the concerts of ,mr4        
,,russell1 carry away with them         
'remembered  harmonies' which will not  
die1 nor fade with the changes of time4 
,success to simple melody6 ,success to  
that music which can awaken  human      

sympathies1 and enliven and enlarge the 
affections6    ',mr4 ,,russell is a     
young man1 having but recently completed
 his  twenty-fourth year2 yet he has    
acquired a reputation far beyond his    
years1 and that too in the country      
which1 youthful as it is1 was  the      
fosterer of the genius of ,,malibran4   
,he was born in ,england1 and  there    
imbibed his earliest lessons in the     
divine art of which he is  so           
distinguished a professor4 ,he went to  
,italy at an early age1 after  studying 
under ,,king1 in ,london1 for some time4
 ,here he was a pupil  of ,,rossini for 
three years1 and thereafter he returned 
to ,england  for the space of two more1 
during which time he was chorus-master  
of the ,italian opera in ,london4       
,returning once more to ,italy1 he      
studied under ,,generale1 ,,mayerbeer1  
and other masters1 and received  a gold 
medal from the hand of royalty1 for the 
best composition at  the conservatorio  
at ,naples4 ,he acquired the language1  

as well as  the musical lore of that    
lovely country1 during his sojourn      
there1  so perfectly as not only to     
sing1 but also to write and converse in 
,italian1 with equal fluency and        
facility4 ,coming again to his native   
country1 he married the accomplished    
daughter of an opulent and              
distinguished merchant1 and soon after  
came to ,canada1 where he was  invited  
by some gentlemen of ,rochester1 in this
 state1 to settle in  that thriving     
city4 ,he accepted the invitation1 and  
was appointed  professor of music in an 
academy devoted to the cultivation of   
that  science4'    ,it is a source of   
personal gratification to the editors of
 this  ,magazine1 that they were the    
first1 in this community and that  of   
,philadelphia1 to call public attention 
to the rare musical  endowments of one  
who was himself too modest and retiring 
to present  his claims to general       
patronage and regard1 beyond the        
precincts  of the public-spirited town  

where he had been generously taken  by  
the hand1 and his gifts properly        
appreciated4 ,since his first           
appearance here1 however1 ,mr4          
,,russell's course has been due on      
toward  the goal of success2 and we     
cannot doubt that he has yet even more  
signal triumphs to gain1 in the         
production of extended operatic         
compositions4 ,we shall see4    ,to     
those whose good fortune it has been to 
see and hear ,mr4 ,,russell1  we need   
not say that the portrait contained in  
the present number is  an almost        
speaking likeness of the gifted         
original2 and to none is it  deemed     
necessary to add any thing in praise of 
the superior execution  of the          
engraving4           99       99        
99       99       99                    
,,criticism4--,that was a charming trait
 in ,,scott's character1 which  prompted
 him to 'set an author upon his legs1'  
by quoting the better  passages of his  
works1 as an offset to the objectionable

 portions1  which a censor of the       
meat-axe school was dwelling upon with  
characteristic gusto1 to the exclusion  
of every thing of an opposite           
character4 ,no critic should read for   
mere occasion of censure1 and  for the  
sole purpose of dragging forth lurking  
errors2 nor should he  be ambitious to  
act the part of a judge who determines  
beforehand to  hang every man that may  
come before him for trial4 ,such        
censorial  dogmatism is both unjust and 
injurious4 ,we do not object to severe  
criticism1 so that it be just and       
honest2 but we devoutly eschew  the     
captious1 cavilling strain of quibble1  
in which it is getting  to be so much   
the fashion to indulge1 and that without
 any exertion  of thought1 or labor of  
investigation1 in the discussion of the 
work condemned4 ,unfavorable criticism  
should be so tempered as to  be         
instructive and consolatory1 yet at the 
same time just1 to the  youthful        
aspirant4 ,we have been led to these    

remarks1 by noticing the  wholesale     
condemnation which has been poured out  
upon a small volume  of poems1 by a     
young graduate of ,yale ,college1       
,,william ,,thompson  ,,bacon1 which was
 briefly reviewed in our last number4   
,now we do not  know ,mr4 ,bacon1 nor   
any one who does1 nor did we ever       
receive a line  from him1 or any of his 
friends1 nor from any body else1 in     
relation  to his book4 ,the qualified   
praise which we rendered to his little  
work1 was therefore wholly              
disinterested1 unsolicited1 and sincere2
  and to prove that it was just1 we     
annex the omitted extract1 referred  to 
in our last3        ',how many years    
have passed away1        ,since on this 
spot ,i stood1      ,and heard1 as now  
,i hear them play1        ,the voices of
 the wood1      ,green boughs and       
budding leaves among1      ,piped low in
 one continuous song8        ',how many 
years have passed1 since here           
,upon this bald rock's crest1      ,i   

lay1 and watched the shadows clear      
,upon the lake's blue breast2           
,since here1 in many a poet dream1      
,i lay and heard the eagle scream8      
',the seasons have led round the year   
,many and many a time1      ,and other  
hands have gather'd here        ,the    
young flowers of the clime1      ,the   
which ,i wove1 with thoughts of joy1    
,about my brows1 a poet boy4            
',and there were voices too 'lang syne1'
        ,i think ,i hear them yet2      
,and eyes that loved to look on mine1   
,i shall not soon forget2      ,and     
hearts that felt for me before--        
,alas1 alas1 they'll feel no more6      
',i call them by remember'd names1      
,and weep when ,i have done2      ,the  
one1 the yawning ocean claims1          
,the distant church-yard1 one2      ,i  
call--the wood takes up the tone1       
,and only gives me back my own4         
',still from the lake swell up these    
walls1        ,fronting the morning's   
sheen2      ,and still their            

storm-stained capitals        ,preserve 
their lichens green2      ,and still    
upon the ledge ,i view      ,the        
gentian's eye of stainless blue4        
',and far along in funeral lines1       
,sheer to the higher grounds1           
,touch'd by the finger of the winds1    
,the pines give out their sounds2       
,and far below1 the waters lie1         
,quietly looking to the sky4            
',and still1 a vale of softest green    
,th' embracing prospect fills2      ,and
 still the river winds between          
,the parting of the hills2      ,the sky
 still blue1 the flowers still found1   
,just bursting from the moist spring    
ground4        ',so was it many years   
ago1        ,as on this spot ,i stood1  
,and heard the waters lave below        
,the edges of the wood1      ,and       
thought1 while music fill'd the air1    
,the fairies held their revel there4    
99       99       99       99       99  
',i ask these scenes to give me back    
,my fresh1 glad thoughts again2         

,alas1 they lie along the track         
,which ,i have trod with men6      ,the 
flowers ,i gather'd here1 a child1      
,i pluck'd1 it seems1 to deck a wild4'  
,a very young writer1 capable of lines  
like these1 is met with  scarce a word  
of encouragement1 but contrariwise1     
forced satire and  second-hand          
denunciation2 and this often from       
critics unable to  produce any thing    
half so creditable as many of the       
effusions in the  volume in question4   
99       99       99       99       99  
,,politics ,,and ,,literature4--,we     
regret to perceive that our             
contemporary1 the ',american ,monthly1' 
has pushed out upon the stormy  sea of  
politics4 ,we believe with ,,daniel     
,,webster1 that our literary            
periodicals ought rather to constitute a
 happy restraint upon the  asperities   
which political controversies engender1 
than to aid in  creating them4 ,let us  
keep literature and politics distinct4  
,we  need a kind of neutral ground1 on  

which men of all creeds and all         
politics may meet1 and forget the       
bitterness of party feeling4            
,literature should be this ground2 and  
the only prominent objection  to this   
position1 that we have yet seen1 is that
 the ,english  periodicals are some of  
them political1 and that therefore ours 
should be so too6 ,to say nothing of the
 independent1 republican  spirit evinced
 in imitating foreign works1 as if we   
were incapable of  originality in any   
thing1 let us look at the different     
circumstances  of the case4 ,in         
,america1 politics are in every body's  
hands1 in the  newspapers of the day1   
large and small1 for the merest trifle  
of  cost4 ,in ,great ,britain1 on the   
contrary1 it is the very reverse4  ,the 
metropolitan daily journals cost so     
much1 that thousands are  wholly unable 
to procure them2 and national politics  
are conveyed  to a large proportion of  
the public through the less frequently  
published magazines1 one number of which

 frequently passes into fifty  or an    
hundred hands4 ,how small the necessity 
or demand1 on the other  hand1 in this  
country1 for an admixture of politics in
 our literary  periodicals1 when the    
partizan may take his daily political   
dish  for a single penny1 or at most1   
three6 ,beside1 premeditately long      
political disquisitions are universally 
considered as sad bores1  at the best4  
,they are rarely read by more than one  
side1 and make  no converts4 ,let no    
sinister motive be ascribed to these    
remarks2  for1 in our own case1 this    
,magazine possesses the good will of all
  parties1 and has neither the          
indifference nor the opposition of any4 
,we speak but for the common cause of   
,american literature4           99      
99       99       99       99    ,,the  
,,fine ,,arts4--,some months since1 an  
eminent ,american writer  attempted to  
set forth in these pages the fact that  
liberty and  a republic were no         
barriers1 as had often been alleged1    

against  the progress and perfection of 
the fine arts in this country2 and  this
 position he maintained and supported by
 triumphant argument4  ,his train of    
reasoning has since been frequently     
brought to our  minds1 by corroborative 
testimony which has fallen under our own
  observation2 all going to establish   
the truth1 that the enjoyment  of a     
rational freedom1 such as we of the     
,united ,states are blessed  with1      
associated with a general liberal       
diffusion of property and  intelligence1
 which always carry with them an        
improvement in taste1  is more favorable
 to the cultivation of the fine arts1   
than the  patronage of kings1 princes1  
and nobles4 ,we were forcibly impressed 
with the correctness of this assumption1
 in a recent visit to the  studio of the
 ,brothers ,,thompson1 whom many of our 
readers doubtless  now hear named for   
the first time4 ,the elder of the two1  
,c4 ,,giovanni  ,,thompson1 has but     
recently removed to this city4 ,he has  

pursued his  art with great industry1   
and his efforts have been marked by     
gradual  yet constant improvement1      
during a residence of some years in     
,boston  and ,providence4 ,his pictures 
in the ,athenum ,gallery1 in the former 
city1 won for him a high repute1 and    
brought to his easel several of  the    
first citizens of the ,new-,england     
capital2 and we can speak in  terms of  
high commendation both of the           
faithfulness and skill with  which he   
has transferred to the canvass many of  
the lite of the  city of ,roger         
,williams4 ,the portrait of ,president  
,,wayland1 of ,brown  ,university1 would
 be sufficient1 were other evidence     
wanting1 of the  distinguished talents  
of the artist1 whose success1 since his 
arrival  in ,new-,york1 has been no less
 decided4 ,of his portraits in general1 
we may say1 that they are animated and  
well-colored1 while the  attitudes are  
unconstrained1 natural1 and agreeable4  
,there is great  merit1 too1 in the     

pervading tone of his pictures1 and     
especially in  the grace1 spirit1 and   
expression of his female portraitures4  
,of the efforts of ,,jerome ,,thompson1 
whose stay has been more prolonged      
among us1 and who has acquired a        
metropolitan reputation from those  of  
our citizens who have sat under his     
facile pencil1 it may not be  necessary 
to speak1 farther than to say1 that we  
know of no young  artist whose          
improvement has been more regularly     
progressive4 ,we  have marked him from  
the beginning1 and think we can         
appreciate  the study and taste which   
have made him favorably known to the    
,new-,york public1 and even procured for
 him honorable and profitable           
engagements in ,england1 whenever he may
 deem it expedient to turn  his face    
thitherward4 ,he is remarkable not less 
for the excellence  of his likenesses1  
than for the professional qualities he  
possesses  in common with his brother1  
which we have already enumerated4 ,the  

success of these young gentlemen1 as we 
have already hinted1 has  impressed us  
with the truth of the remark of the     
distinguished  contributor alluded to1  
in the commencement of this paragraph1  
that  'our artists need no longer to go 
abroad to earn a livelihood1  or gain a 
name4 ,those who have talents and       
industry1 meet with  employment and     
liberal compensation1 and receive quite 
as much1 and  sometimes a great deal    
more1 than is given for similar         
productions in  ,europe4'           99  
99       99       99       99           
,,gulliverana4--,lying is a bad practice
 at best2 but there is a  species of    
sportive 'white lie1' which1 when well  
managed1 has an  'ear-kissing smack' in 
it that is quite delightful4 ,gulliver's
  talent in this line has seldom been   
approached4 ,whether in ,lilliput  or   
,brobdignag1 he never forgets himself4  
,the keeping of every  thing is         
admirable2 and if any one deems such    
skeptical relations an  easy matter1 let

 him try to sustain a kindred specimen1 
in all its  parts4 ,he must have the eye
 of a painter1 and be well versed in the
  management of contrasts1 to succeed at
 all in the undertaking4 ,by  the way1  
that was a good story of a man          
travelling in a stage-coach1  who had   
been listening for an hour or more to   
the marvellous tales  of personal       
adventure1 told by two inflated bucks   
from the city4 ',my  uncle1' said he1   
'had three children2 my father had the  
same number2  all boys4 ,there was some 
property in dispute between the         
families2  and after a protracted       
quarrel1 it was agreed that the question
  should be decided by combat between   
the six sons4 ,my eldest brother  fought
 first1 and his antagonist was mortally 
wounded1 and carried  off2 my next      
eldest cousin was successful in slaying 
the brother next  before me2 and it was 
with great trepidation that ,i took my  
position  in front of my youngest       
cousin4 ,we fired1 and----'    ,here was

 a pause for a moment2 and the excited  
cockneys eagerly  inquired1 ',well1 what
 was the result8' ',why1 ,i was killed  
on the  spot6' was the reply2 my        
adversary's bullet pierced my heart1 and
 ,i  expired without a groan6 ,my       
murderer became possessed of the        
property  in dispute1 which he soon     
dissipated1 and is now a mountebank     
conjurer4 ,it was only yesterday that ,i
 saw him at his tricks1 in a  little    
village through which we passed4 ,he had
 placed a ladder in  the open street1   
its top in the air2 and when ,i lost    
sight of him1  as the stage wheeled     
away1 he had reached the uppermost      
round1 and  was drawing the ladder up   
after him6' ,the town-bred ,munchausens 
reserved their marvels1 during the      
remainder of the journey4 ,this         
undoubted narrative is akin to the      
following story1 which we have  from the
 best authority4 ,two passengers1 coming
 down the ,mississippi  in a steam-boat1
 were shooting birds1 etc41 on shore1   

from the deck4  ,some sportsman converse
 ensued1 in which one remarked1 that he 
would  turn his back to no man in       
killing rackoons2 that he had repeatedly
  shot fifty in a day4 ',what o' that8' 
said a ,kentuckian2 ',i make  nothing of
 killing a hundred 'coon a day1 or'nary 
luck4' ',do you  know ,capting ,scott1  
of our state8' asked a ,tennessean      
by-stander4  ',he now is something like 
a shot4 ,a hundred 'coon6 ,why he  never
 p'ints at one1 without hitting him4 ,he
 never misses1 and  the 'coons know it4 
,t'other day he levelled at an old 'un1 
in a  high tree4 ,the varmint looked at 
him a minute1 and then bawled out3      
',hello1 ,cap'n ,scott6--is that you8'  
',yes1'was the reply4 ',well1  don't    
shoot6' says he2 it's no use6 ',hold on2
 ,i'll come down2 ,i  give in6'--which  
he did6' ,it is unnecessary to add1 that
 this was the  last hunting story4      
99       99       99       99       99  
,,brown vs4 ,,kirkham4--,we have        
received from ,mr4 ,,goold ,,brown a    

rejoinder to the article of ,mr4        
,,kirkham1 published in our last        
number4 ,we are reluctant to extend this
 controversy1 in which we  fear a great 
proportion of our readers take little if
 any interest2  and having just now1    
moreover1 but narrow space1 we are      
compelled  to decline the publication of
 the article in question4 ,it is proper 
to say1 however1 that ,mr4 ,brown denies
 that ,kirkham's works have  ever       
ascribed to ,rush1 ,murray1 and ,walker1
 the contradictory passages  quoted     
against himself2 and that if they had so
 ascribed them1 the  ascription would   
have been untrue2 that the brackets1 the
 removal  of which was so vehemently    
complained of1 would neither abate the  
error alleged1 nor make ,kirkham's      
version of the text good grammar2  and  
that he never in his life spoke in favor
 of the grammar of  his antagonist4     
,with this 'curtailed abbreviation      
compressing the  particulars' of a      
syllabus1 we take our leave of the      

matter1 trusting  that each lingual     
belligerent will hereafter revolve in   
his own cycle  of declensions1          
conjugations1 syntaxes and prosodies4   
99       99       99       99       99  
,,our ,,portrait ,,of ,,diedrich        
,,knickerbocker4--',why1' says an       
esteemed  foreign correspondent1 'have  
you1 in the frontispiece of your  cover1
 represented the venerable and          
benevolent author of the right          
veritable ',history of ,new-,york' with 
such a rigid and austere  expression of 
countenance8 ,surely1 the painter or    
engraver has belied  his character4 ,i  
have had his counterfeit presentment for
 many years  in my mind's eye2 and      
whenever ,i look at yours1 ,i think1    
with ,,charles  ,,lamb1 ',alas6 what is 
my book of his countenance good for1    
which ,i  have read so long1 and thought
 ,i understood its contents1 when there 
comes your heart-breaking errata1' to   
rob me of my beau ideal8'  ,to all this 
we answer1 in the usual ,yankee manner1 

by asking our  friend1 if he does not   
remember1 that when ,,diedrich          
,,knickerbocker  was writing his        
renowned work1 at the ,columbian ,hotel1
 his literary  labors were often        
interrupted by his landlady coming into 
his room1  and 'putting his papers to   
rights1' in such wise that it took him a
  week to find them again8 ,think of    
these untimely intrusions1 while  the   
melancholy historian was writing as     
follows3 ',grievous and very  much to be
 commiserated is the task of the feeling
 historian who  writes the history of   
his native land4 99 99 99 ,i cannot look
 back on  the happier days of our city1 
which ,i now describe1 without a sad    
dejection of the spirits4 ,with a       
faltering hand do ,i withdraw the       
curtain of oblivion1 that veils the     
modest merits of our venerable          
ancestors1 and as their figures rise to 
my mental vision1 humble  myself before 
the mighty shades4 ,such are my feelings
 when ,i revisit  the family mansions of

 the ,,knickerbockers1 and spend a      
lonely hour in  the chamber where hang  
the portraits of my forefathers1        
shrouded in  dust1 like the forms they  
represent4 ,with pious reverence do ,i  
gaze  on the countenances of those      
renowned burghers1 who have preceded  me
 in the steady march of existence2 whose
 sober and temperate  blood now meanders
 through my veins1 flowing slower and   
slower in  its feeble conduits1 until   
its currents shall soon be stopped for  
ever6 ,these1 say ,i to myself1 are but 
frail memorials of the mighty  men who  
nourished in the days of the patriarchs2
 but who1 alas6  have long since        
mouldered in that tomb1 toward which my 
footsteps  are insensibly and           
irresistibly hastening6 ,as ,i pace the 
darkened  chamber1 and lose myself in   
melancholy musings1 the shadowy images  
around me almost seem to steal once more
 into existence--their  countenances to 
assume the animation of life--their eyes
 to pursue  me in every movement6       

,carried away by the delusions of fancy1
 ,i  almost imagine myself surrounded by
 the shades of the departed1 and        
holding sweet converse with the worthies
 of antiquity6 ,ah1 hapless  ,,diedrich6
 born in a degenerate age1 abandoned to 
the buffetings of  fortune--a stranger  
and a weary pilgrim in thy native       
land--blest  with no weeping wife1 nor  
family of helpless children2 but doomed 
to wander neglected through these       
crowded streets1 and elbowed by  foreign
 upstarts from those fair abodes1 where 
once thine ancestors  held sovereign    
empire6' ,now we have it from the best  
authority1 that  while these melting    
sentences were not yet dry upon the     
paper before  the historian1 his        
pestilent landlady bustled into his     
apartment1 and  after an uneasy stay of 
a minute or two1 began to indulge in    
oblique  allusions to 'her little bill' 
for board1 and finally observed1 that   
'she thought it high time somebody had a
 sight of somebody's money6'  ,it is at 

the moment of this inopportune dun1 that
 our sketch is  taken2 and who could    
look benign under such circumstances8   
,is our  friend answered8           99  
99       99       99       99           
,,literary ,,record4    ,,the           
,,quarterlies4--,we have before us the  
last ,north-,american1 ,american        
,quarterly1 and ,new-,york ,reviews1 and
 should be gratified to afford  our     
readers a taste of their several        
contents2 but the tyranny of  space     
forbids other than a brief reference to 
some of their more  prominent papers4   
,the ',new-,york' has an admirable      
article upon the  writings of ,,jean    
,,paul ,,richter1 and a laughable and   
well-reasoned  satire upon ',dietetic   
,charlatanry1' or the ',modern ,ethics  
of ,eating4'  ,in some of the short     
critical notices1 there is less         
research1 and  more flippancy1 or mere  
ipse dixit1 than might reasonably have  
been  expected from such a quarter4 ,the
 number is a good one1 natheless1       

although inferior to its predecessor4   
,miss ,martineau's ',society in         
,america1' ,lockhart's ,life of ,scott1 
the ,military ,academy at ,west  ,point1
 and the poems of ,grenville ,mellen1   
are among the reviews of  the ,american 
,quarterly1 which is a large as well as 
very able  number4 ,in the              
,north-,american1 that philosopher in   
petticoats1  ,miss ,martineau1 is most  
happily served up4 ,the irony is keen   
but  smooth1 and the spirit mild1 though
 unflinching4 ,gallantry has  nothing to
 do with such a subject4 ,the ',palmyra 
,letters' are reviewed  with            
discrimination1 and high but just       
praise4 ,of the existence  of ',miriam1 
a ,dramatic ,poem1' we are here for the 
first time  informed2 but the production
 can scarcely remain long unknown to the
  ,american public4 ,we may refer more  
in detail to these able ,american       
periodicals1 in a subsequent number4    
,,animal ,,magnetism4--,but for the fact
 that ,,col4 ,,stone's ,letter on       

,animal ,magnetism1 containing an       
account of a remarkable interview       
between the author and ,miss ,,loraina  
,,brackett1 of ,providence1 7,r4  ,i417 
while in a state of somnambulism1 is the
 theme of conversation  and newspaper   
comment1 in every section of the        
country1 we should be  tempted to occupy
 three or four of these pages with the  
extraordinary  facts therein narrated4  
,as it is1 we shall simply run the risk 
of  being the first to apprize some half
 dozen ,american1 and an hundred  or two
 foreign readers1 that the work records1
 in easy and exciting  detail1 an       
imaginary visit of ,miss ,,brackett to  
this city1 while  in a state of         
somnambulism1 portions of which she     
describes with  astonishing accuracy2   
that she accompanies the author to his  
own  house1 where she describes1 with   
wonderful minuteness1 localities1       
furniture1 pictures1 etc4--and all this1
 without ever having been in  ,new-,york
 in her life1 or hearing or knowing any 

thing in relation  to the scenes and    
objects visible to her mind's eye6 ,we  
are not  believers in animal            
magnetism--oh1 no6 ,yet we are not      
exactly  skeptics1 either4 ,a 'state of 
betweenity' aptly expresses our         
situation in regard to these strange    
matters4      ,a ,,new ,,theory ,,or    
,,animal ,,magnetism4--,since the above 
was placed in  type1 ,messrs4 ,,wiley   
,,and ,,putnam have issued a coarsish   
volume1 of  some two hundred and twenty 
pages1 entitled1 ',exposition of a ,new 
,theory of ,animal ,magnetism1 with a   
,key to its ,mysteries3 ,demonstrated   
by ,experiments with the most celebrated
 ,somnambulists in ,america2'  together 
with ',strictures' upon the ,letter     
noticed above4 ,by ,c4 ,f4  ,,durant4   
,at the present writing hereof1 we have 
but time and room  to say1 that so far  
as we have advanced in the work1 ,mr4   
,,durant  seems to be probing the whole 
matter quite thoroughly1 and to have    
recorded his proceedings in a style of  

laughable mock-irony1 though  in        
language generally not a little         
careless1 and sometimes--shade  of      
,priscian6--sadly ungrammatical2 the    
result1 doubtless1 of hasty             
publication4      ,,pickwick4--,mr4     
,,james ,,turney1 ,,jr41 #ee            
,gold-street1 is publishing in  numbers1
 as they appear in ,england1 the        
,pickwick ,papers1 with copies  of      
,,cruikshank's spirited illustrations4  
,some of the engravings are  cleverly   
executed1 while others are miserable    
enough4 ,the numbers1  however1 are very
 cheaply afforded1 and meet with a wide 
and rapid  sale2 the exceeding small    
coterie of anti-,pickwickians--who have 
no conception of the burlesque or       
humorous1 and care little for  a hearty 
laugh1 that most innocent of            
diuretics--to the contrary              
notwithstanding4 ,a southern critic has 
gravely attempted to show that  the old 
twaddler1 ,pickwick1 does not act and   
converse as such a man  should6 ,he     

reminds us of the systematic tailor at  
,laputa1 who took  ,gulliver's altitude 
by a quadrant1 and then with rule and   
compasses  described the dimensions and 
outlines of his whole body1 all which   
he entered upon paper1 and in due time  
brought back his clothes  ill made1     
having mistaken a figure in the         
calculation4 ,the idea of  subjecting   
',pickvick' and ',samivel ,veller' to a 
regular standard of  criticism6         
',,mathematical ,,miscellany4'--,this   
unpretending but well-conducted and     
valuable periodical1 issued at          
,flushing1 ,long ,island1 is gradually  
winning its way to merited distinction4 
,in a cursory examination  of the recent
 numbers1 we observe that many of its   
contributors  are 'men of mark' and     
science1 in various sections of the     
country2  and that so strong is the     
feeling in its favor1 that several      
eminent mathematicians have associated  
together to prevent its  discontinuance1
 in any contingency4 ,prof4 ,,gill1 of  

the ,institute  at ,flushing1 sustains1 
and ably1 its editorial                 
responsibilities4  ,it contains upward  
of seventy large pages1 and is published
  semi-annually1 at the low price of two
 dollars per annum4      ,,gazetteer    
,,of ,,missouri4--,the ,brothers'       
,,harper have published1 in a  large and
 handsome volume1 of some three hundred 
and eighty pages1  ',a ,gazetteer of the
 ,state of ,missouri3 with a ,map of the
 ,state1 from  the office of the        
,surveyor ,general1 including the latest
 ,additions  and ,surveys4' ,the        
compiler1 ,,alphonso ,,wetmore1 ,esq41  
of ,missouri1 has  performed his task   
with signal ability2 and his spirited   
frontier  sketches1 a specimen of which 
may be found elsewhere in these pages1  
evince1 that his talents are not alone  
confined to statistics and  business    
facts4 ,a frontispiece1 engraved on     
steel1 adds to the  attractions of the  
volume4      ,a ,,treatise ,,on         
,,astronomy3 ,,illustrated ,,by ,,maps  

,,and ,,plates4 ,by ,mrs4  ,l4 ,h4      
,,tyler1 ,middletown1 7,conn47--,when   
ladies come into the field  of          
competition for literary honors and     
scientific research1 it  behooves us to 
treat them with gallantry4 ,but in this 
instance1 the  lady has little need of  
favor2 for her work may fairly challenge
  comparison with the best efforts of   
the male tribe4 ,it is a right  down    
sturdy1 lucid1 well-executed1 and       
thorough treatise2 'not a mere          
compilation1' as ,professor ,,smith of  
the ,university of ,middletown  says1   
'but bearing throughout the impress of  
the author's own mind4  ,professor      
,,smith hazards nothing in predicting1  
that it will be  extensively adopted as 
a text-book in our high schools and     
academies4      ,,unpublished ,,poems   
,,of ,j4 ,,huntington ,,bright1         
,,esq4--,we have recently  given several
 articles of poetry from the unpublished
 ,,mss4 of the  late ,j4 ,,huntington   
,,bright1 and shall present others      

hereafter4 ',the  ,dying ,boy1' however1
 in preceding pages1 was originally     
published1  some years since1 as we     
understand1 in the ',albany ,argus4' ,it
  deserves1 notwithstanding1 a more     
permanent record than the columns  of a 
newspaper2 and we take pleasure in      
transferring so beautiful a  gem to our 
casket4      ',,van ,,tassel            
,,house4'--,mr4 ,,clover1 at #bid       
,broadway1 has issued a very  pretty    
colored lithograph of this charming     
country-seat of ,,washington  ,,irving1 
at ,tarrytown2 the same1 as we are given
 to understand1  that was occupied1 many
 years ago1 by old ,,baltus ,,van       
,,tassel1 and  his blooming daughter    
,katrine1 and the scene of ,ichabod     
,crane's  world-renowned adventures4    
4994 ,,our theatrical critiques for the 
month1 although in type1      are       
unavoidably deferred until the next     
number4             99       99       99
       99       99      ,transcriber's  
,note3    ,obvious typographical errors 

were repaired4    ,p4 #dbc and #dbd3    
,large braces spanning multiple poetry  
lines on the  right were changed to     
per-line braces on the left1 to         
accommodate the  widest variety of      
reading formats4    ,p4 #dda 7text file 
only73 like raine in ye sunshine2 ye in 
the  original appears as a y with a     
superscript e--an archaic form of  the4