,,! ,,*ildr5',s ,,libr>y  ,,( ,,"w ,,&  
,,play        ,,c>p5try ,,& ,,woodwork  
,by ,edw9 ,w4 ,fo/]      ,,electricity  
,,& ,,its ,,ev]yday ,,uses      ,by     
,john ,f4 ,woodhull1 ,ph4,d4            
,,g>d5+ ,,& ,,f>m+      ,by ,ell5 ,eddy 
,%aw      ,,home ,,decoration      ,by  
,*>les ,frankl9 ,w>n]1 ,sc4,d4          
,,h\sekeep+      ,by ,elizabe? ,hale    
,gilman      ,,me*anics1 ,,indoors ,,&  
,,out      ,by ,fr$ ,t4 ,hodgson4       
,,ne$lecraft      ,by ,effie ,ar*] ,ar*]
      ,,outdoor ,,sports1 ,,& ,,games   
,by ,claude ,h4 ,mill]1 ,ph4,b4         
,,outdoor ,,"w      ,by ,m>y ,rog]s     
,mill]      ,,work+ ,,9 ,,metals        
,by ,*>les ,conrad ,sleffel4            
,illu/ration3 ,photograph by ,hel5 ,w4  
,cooke4 ,h>ve/+ ,nature's ,crops        
,! ,libr>y ( ,"w & ,play                
,,outdoor ,,"w                          
,,by                              ,,m>y 
,,rog]s ,,mill]                         
,illu/ration                            
,,g>d5 ,,city       ,,new ,,york        

,,d\bl$ay1 ,,page  ,,company            
#aiaa                     ,,all ,,rights
 ,,res]v$1 ,,includ+ ,,t ,,(            
,,translation             ,,into ,,=eign
 ,,languages1 ,,includ+ ,,! ,,sc&9avian 
,,copyright1 #aiaa1 ,,by ,,d\bl$ay1     
,,page  ,,company                       
,,?is ,,book ,,is ,,affectionately      
,,d$icat$ ,,to                          
,,eight ,,bro!rs ,,& ,,si/]s ,,:o ,,s5t 
,,"o ,,ano!r ,,to ,,college             
,,ackn[l$gm5ts      ,ackn[l$gm5t is due 
to ! exp]t writ]s ( ,unit$ ,/ates       
gov]nm5t  & /ate exp]im5t /ation        
bullet9s f :i* mu* practical  in=mation 
has be5 ga9$ by ! au?or2 to ! boys &    
girls :o  wrote = ?is book ! /ories ( _!
 success 9 sev]al k9ds (  outdoor       
indu/ry2 to ,dr4 ,burton ,n4 ,gates1    
,/ate ,inspector ( ,api>ies  9          
,massa*usetts1 & ,pr(4 ,james ,e4 ,rice 
( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,p\ltry  ,husb&ry at    
,cornell ,univ]sity = read+ ! *apt]s on 
_!  specialties & = num]\s sugge/ions   
:i* make ^? *apt]s  valuable2 & to _m   

o!rs f :om helpful ideas h come 9       
lett]s4          ,a ,,^w ,,to ,,p>5ts   
,!re are two sov]eign cures = ! ills (  
mod]n life3 ,"w &  outdoors4 ,x is !    
purpose ( ?is book on ,outdoor ,"w = ,"y
  ,p to tea* ! gospel ( ^! two rem$ies1 
n 9 lessons nor  s]mons1 b 9 ! =m (     
confid5tial talks1 :i* are int5d$ to  be
 bo? practical & inspir+4    ,! guid+   
pr9ciples 9 ! prep>ation ( ?is book are 
?ree3 #a1 to  help "y p to e>n money2   
#b1 to help !m build "*2 #c1 to  help !m
 make bett] citiz5s4    #a4 ,! mo/      
obvi\s reason :y *ildr5 wi% to "w is t  
!y want  to e>n money1 to sp5d z !y l4  
,"h is a great opportunity  & a         
consid]able dang]4 ,! opportunities are 
to help support !  family1 to le>n      
self-reliance1 to ga9 9 effici5cy1 to   
appreciate  ! sacrifices made by p>5ts1 
to pur*ase innoc5t pleasures1 &  to save
 t[>d a college education4 ,! dang]s are
 t *ildr5  may become too comm]cially   
m9d$1 grasp+1 ev5 di%one/1 make  dull   
playmates1 & become /unt$ 9 "* = lack ( 

play  & :olesome /imulus to !           
imag9ation4 ,if y w analyze ^!  dang]s y
 w f9d t !y are all ! results ( ov]do+  
good  ?+s4 ,! old rule ( ! ,greeks1     
,no?+ too mu* is ! gold5  rule to       
measure p]fect comm]cial relations      
betwe5 p>5ts &  *ildr54    #b4 ,b f> m  
important ?an money mak+ is "* mak+4  ,&
 !re=e "o ( ! pr9ciples ( ?is book is to
 sugge/ 9 a  ?\s& ways t money mak+ may 
g too f>4 ,= example1 ,i w\ld  enc\rage 
boys to ga!r & sell nuts1 b n to take   
nuts f a  neighb\r's trees )\t p]mission
 nor de/roy "y trees ^:  future crops   
belong to a future g5]ation ( boys4 ,i  
enc\rage  trapp+ b urge ! use ( humane  
traps to avoid cruelty4 ,i enc\rage  !  
ga!r+ & sell+ c]ta9 wild fl[]s1 if      
abundant1 b w>n  aga9/ ! dang] (        
ext]m9at+ species1 or ( robb+ ! public  
( pleasure4 ,i h gone ov] all ( ! ?+s t 
*ildr5 d out (  doors & h tri$ to select
 ! be/ occupations4 ,i h /udi$ !  wor/  
?+s !y d & h sugge/$ _!                 
opposites--con/ructive  "w t e>ns money1

 develops "*1 or pres]ves public        
prop]ty4 ,= example1 in/ead ( collect+  
birds' eggs ,i sugge/  me?ods ( attract+
 birds1 build+ h\ses = !m1 & provid+    
food & protection f enemies4    #c4 ,!  
book is address$ to ! citiz5s ( n9ete5  
hundr$ &  tw5ty4 ,w n busy boys & girls 
make bett] citiz5s ?an idle  ones8      
,practical patriotism becomes second    
nature to *ildr5 :o le>n  e>ly to reg>d 
! rights ( o!rs1 to respect ! laws1 & to
  protect public prop]ty4 ,! boy :o     
raises wild f[l & lib]ates  !m or       
refra9s f mutilat+ = purely selfi% ends 
a f9e tree is  do+ 8 %>e 9 ! great "w ( 
cons]vation4    ,b ! "y work]s _c d x   
all4 ,y w be disappo9t$ if  y give ?is  
book to a *ild = a bir?day or ,*ri/mas  
pres5t  & expect him to d ! re/1 )\t    
fur!r help4 ,!re is no  sub/itute =     
affectionate p>5tal int]e/4 ,?is book w 
surely  fail y if y d n ?or\ghly believe
 9 ! dignity ( manual  lab\r & exp]i5ce 
! uplift t rew>ds "w ) y\r own h&s4     
,al?\gh 9 !ory we may all believe 9 !   

dignity ( lab\r 7=  o!r p71 _m ( u make 
m5tal res]vations to suit our own  cases
 & p]si/ 9 reg>d+ c]ta9 =ms ( lab\r z   
di/9ctly  b5ea? our dignity4 ,*ildr5 see
 ?r\gh t attitude e "t4  ,:5 ,i us$ to  
be acqua9t$ ) ! citiz5s ( ! ,george     
,junior  ,republic1 !y _h a say+ t ev5 !
 ,presid5t & ! ,judge c\ld  n ma9ta9 /&+
 ) ! o!rs unless !y took _! turn n[  &  
!n work+ 9 ! dit*4 ,& s ,i say1 "w ) y\r
 *ildr51  ) common tools1 out 9 ! dirt4 
,! scrat*es w heal & !  dirt w wa% (f1 b
 ! s5se ( k9%ip ) work]s w /ay4    ,h a 
,y & ,i club1 ) y & ! *ildr5 = memb]s4  
,meet  once a week to discuss s*emes =  
e>n+ money to buy :at !  *ildr5 want4 ,x
 is easi] to g out & e>n ! money & give 
x to  !m to sp5d1 b :]e d !y come 98    
,read p>ts ( ?is book al\d  :5 outside  
in=mation or sugge/ion is ne$$4 ,make a 
li/ ( y\r  *ildr5's occupations2 consid]
 :e!r !y are ! be/ ones4 ,if y  "k any  
bett] ones ?an ,i h put into ?is book   
please tell me1 =  ,i1 too1 h *ildr5 &  
,i wi% !m to h ! v be/ works &  plays t 

*ildr5 9 ?is _w c h4                    
,,cont5ts       ,,*apt]                 
,,page         ,i4 ,! ,be/ ,ways ( ,e>n+
 ,money                                 
#c        ,,ii4 ,h>ve/+ ,nature's ,crops
                                     #i 
,wild b]ries--,wild fruits--,nuts--,tree
 se$s--,*ri/mas        gre5s--,m$ic9al  
plants--,walk+ /icks--,wild        fl[]s
 = city *ildr5--,corn husks--,fragrant  
h]bs & grasses--,balsam leaves--,bir*   
b>k--,porcup9e quills--,maple           
sug>--,wild rice--,spruce               
gum--,mu%rooms4       ,,iii4 ,rais+     
,dome/ic ,animals                       
#aja                                    
,colts--,%eep--,goats--,calves--,pigs--,
*ick5s--,gu9ea                          
f[ls--,turkeys--,peacocks--,ducks--,squa
bs        = m>ket--,pheasants4          
,,iv4 ,rais+ ,animals = ,pets           
#bjc            ,%etl& ponies--,rabbits1
 gu9ea pigs1 & cavies--,fancy           
pigeons--,bantams--,fancy               
f[ls--,dogs--,goldfi%4         ,v4 ,"w &

 ,play ) ,tra9$ ,animals                
#bda            ,dairy c[s--,tra9+ pet  
animals--,tra9+ "y                      
horses--,treadmills & cranks--,mak+     
animals        happy--,tam+ wild        
animals4        ,,vi4 ,mak+ ,brooks &   
,spr+s ,useful                          
#bga            ,reclaim+ a tr\t        
/ream--,reclaim+ a ,spr+--,mak+        a
 swimm+ pool4       ,,vii4 ,keep+ ,bees 
#bhg      ,,viii4 ,rais+ ,silkworms     
#cch        ,,ix4 ,mak+ ,collections    
#cej                                    
,plants--,%ells--,insects4         ,x4  
,odd ,jobs                              
#dje            ,k9dl+-wood--,clean+ a  
c>riage--,"w 9 !        or*>d--,mak+    
ru/ic furniture--,select+ se$           
corn--,mak+        cid] v9eg>--,mak+    
grape juice--,mak+        leaf          
m\ld--,mak+ lav5d] /icks--,dry+         
corn--,mak+        a t5nis              
c\rt--,%ovell+ sn[--,m[+                
lawns--,utiliz+ wood a%es--,plant+      
crocuses 9 !        lawn--,mak+         

ice--,cutt+ se$                         
potatoes--,prun+--,clean+        rugs4  
,,xi4 ,mak+ ! ,c\ntry a ,bett] ,place to
 ,live ,9                #dej           
,improv+ home gr\nds--,outdoor          
clubs--,attract+                        
birds--,dome/icat+ wild game--,protect+ 
wild        fl[]s--,prev5t+ =e/         
fires--,kill+ we$s--,gett+        rid ( 
poison ivy--,less5+ ! plague (          
mosquitoes--,fight+                     
flies--,trapp+--,cur+ & tann+           
sk9s4      ,app5dix          ,free      
,pr9t$ ,matt]3 ,h[ to ,get ,x           
#ead          ,li/ ( ,books & ,bullet9s 
by ,exp]ts on ,outdoor            ,"w   
#eah                                    
,,illu/rations        ,h>ve/+ ,nature's 
,crops                   ,frontispiece  
,,fac+ ,,page      ,ga!r+ ,wild ,fl[]s =
 ,city ,*ildr5              #fb         
,big ,boy ,blue ,looks ,aft] ! ,%eep    
#ajf      ,fe$+ ! ,goats                
#aad      ,! ,%etl& ,pony is ! ,ideal   
,pet                   #bjd      ,hold+ 

a ,conv]sation                          
#bdb      ,gyp ,has an ,ax to ,gr9d     
#bej      ,a ,gr\p ( ,happy ,f>m        
,animals                        #bef    
,! ,skunk is an ,amiable & ,well-mann]$ 
,pet        #bff      ,! ,cr[ ,may be   
,tam$ :5 ,"y                     #bff   
,a ,bottle ,baby                        
#bfh      ,pl5ty ( ,tr\t 9 ,?is ,/ream  
,:5 ,gr&fa!r    0 a ,boy                
#bgb      ,an ,odd ,job t is ,nev] ,out 
( ,date                 #djd      ,is   
?is ,"w or ,play8                       
#deb          ,,outdoor ,,"w          ,i
    ,,! ,,be/ ,,ways ,,( ,,e>n+ ,,money 
,c\ldn't y use m money if y _h x8 ,!re  
are sev]al million  ,am]ican boys &     
girls j l y4 ,!y want a lot ( ?+s1 a    
lot ( good ?+s4 ,w\ldn't y l a half     
doll> once a ye> =  a circus ticket1 a  
qu>t] n[ & !n = a box ( c&y1 or t5      
doll>s = a new dress or "s music        
lessons8 ,y'd be glad to buy  y\r own   
clo!s1 & select !m too1 if y _h ! ca%4  
,t w\ld  be a big help 9 ?\s&s (        

families4 ,p>5ts sometimes wi% t  _!    
*ildr5 c\ld leave out 9 new clo!s 9     
spr+1 l !  trees4    ,if y c\ld beg9 to 
e>n money at twelve y c\ld save t[>d a  
college education1 too4 ,lots ( boys &  
girls are e>n+ _! way4  ,y c4 ,y c e>n  
money betwe5 twelve & tw5ty ye>s ( age  
)\t int]f]+ ) y\r s*ool+4    ,:at k9d ( 
/ories d y l be/8 ,isn't x inspir+ to   
read  ab\t ! boyhood ( our great m54 ,d 
y rememb] "y ,abe ,l9coln  splitt+      
rails8 ,g>field drove mules on a t[ pa?4
 ,! m5 & wom5  :o are do+ great ?+s n[  
/>t$ z boys & girls ) "w to  d4 ,!y wa%$
 di%es & split k9dl+s & f$ *ick5s &     
milk$  c[s & dug potatoes4 ,n[ !y are   
tunnell+ m\nta9s1 build+  bridges1 help+
 make ! _w bett] 9 all sorts ( c\rage\s 
ways4    ,don't y l to he> eng9e]s1     
m9]s1 sailors1 inv5tors1 animal  tra9]s1
 c[boys1 =e/]s1 & o!r work]s talk ab\t  
_! "w8  ,! only really happy p are !    
ones :o h f\nd ! "w !y  love be/4 ,i h  
put "s /ories 9 ?is book4 ,^! are told  
by real  boys & girls :o 7 successful 9 

e>n+ money4 ,c y beat !m  at _! own     
game8 ,w y try8    ,!re are ?\s&s ( ways
 = "y p 9 _! te5s to e>n  money4 ,i     
believe ! be/ are ! outdoor ways4 ,i h  
sugge/$ a li/  ( occupations1 ! be/ ,i c
 ?9k (4 ,( c\rse1 no "o p]son c\ld  try 
!m all4 ,circum/ances mu/ decide4 ,y w  
succe$ be/ ) !  "w :i* y l be/4 ,y mu/ n
 let outside "w int]f]e )  y\r /udies4  
,y mu/ n und]take "w t is too h>d = y\r 
/r5g? or unsuit$ to y\r disposition4    
,maybe ?is li/ w help  y *oose4         
,,occupations ,,suit$ ,,to ,,! ,,f\r    
,,seasons ,,& ,,"s ,,t ,,g ,,?r\gh ,,!  
,,ye>    ,summ]4--,ga!r+ b]ries1 tree   
se$s1 bulbs & roots1 wild  fl[]s & f]ns1
 balsam leaves1 m$ic9al plants1 p9e     
cones1 mak+  collections1 m[+ lawns1    
m>k+ t5nis c\rts1 saw+ wood1 clean+     
rugs1 dry+ h]bs1 corn & fruits1 rais+   
que5 bees1 collect+  bait1 re>+         
butt]flies = museum specim5s1 ga!r+ clam
 %ells  = button factories1 %ock+ gra91 
tot+ wat]4    ,fall4--,ga!r+ fruit1     
nuts1 mak+ corn husk mats & baskets1    

%ell+ corn1 mak+ leaf m\ld1 cle>+ a     
field ( /ones1 mak+  /one f5ce1 mak+    
grape juice & cid] v9eg>1 collect+      
bayb]ries1 pa9t+ b>ns & outbuild+s1     
pack+ fruit1 clean+  f>m implem5ts1     
ga!r+ faggots1 collect+ cocoons1        
collect+  insect homes = nature /udy4   
,w9t]4--,ga!r+ spruce gum1 collect+     
,*ri/mas gre5s1  %ovell+ sn[1 prun+     
%rubs1 v9es & trees1 trapp+1 tann+      
sk9s1 mak+ c&les1 select+ se$ corn1     
prun+ & ty+  grapev9es1 transplant+     
trees & %rubs1 fe$+ birds4              
,spr+4--,cutt+ se$ potatoes1 budd+1     
graft+1 cutt+ d&elions  f lawns1 kill+  
we$s1 oil+ ponds & dit*es to kill       
mosquitoes1  %ell+ corn1 />t+ silkworms1
 tr\t1 frog & toad culture1  attract+   
birds1 fight+ flies4    ,ye>-,r\nd      
,occupations4--,keep+ bees1 rais+       
goldfi%1 tra9+  animals1 rais+ colts1   
%eep1 pigs1 goats1 dogs1 *ick5s & o!r   
p\ltry1 rabbits & o!r pets1 collect+    
wood = k9dl+1 turn+  gr9d/one1 milk+1   
tam+ wild creatures1 rais+ prize corn1  

potatoes1 or cotton4      ,,?+s ,,wor?  
,,?9k+ ,,ab\t    ,don't ?9k only ( !    
money y c e>n4 ,!re's no use talk+1  !  
"w y d & ! way y d x is go+ to h an     
influ5ce on  y\r "*4 ,d a good job6 ,if 
y slight y\r "w y *eat y\r  employ]4 ,y 
"k x1 if he doesn't4 ,y *eat y\rself1   
too4 ,& :5  y are work+ = y\rself1 y are
 ! "o :o is d\bly *eat$ by  slack       
me?ods4 ,t's pla94    ,don't *oose an   
occupation y are d\btful ab\t4 ,mo/     
occupations  are p]fectly hon\rable4    
,di%one/y comes 9 me?ods4 ,! gr[n-up    
graft]s1 t5 to "o1 7 *eat]s at games1 & 
sneaks ab\t "w4    ,:5 9 d\bt1 ask      
advice4 ,don't y l to be ask$ = y\r     
op9ion8  ,ev]ybody does4 ,ask y\r p>5ts'
 advice ab\t ! "w y ?9k (  und]tak+1 & !
 me?ods ( c>ry+ on ! bus9ess side4 ,:at 
w please !m m ?an to "k t y h a ke5 s5se
 ( hon\r8    ,?is is my ^w ( enc\ragem5t
 & inspiration to ! boys & girls  :o    
read ?is book4 ,!re are a hundr$        
p]fectly good reasons :y y  %\ld h m    
money ( y\r own4 ,& !re are a ?\s& ways 

to  e>n x4 ,e "o ( y c e>n a college    
education4 ,*oose ! be/  "w = y1 & d x )
 en?usiasm4 ,if y want my advice ab\t   
y\r "w or any in=mation ,i c get = y1   
no?+ w\ld please me  m ?an to he> f y4  
,,ii    ,,h>ve/+ ,,nature',s ,,crops    
,,pick+ ,,b]ries    ,! b]ry pick+ season
 beg9s 'long ab\t knee-deep 9 ,june )  !
 fir/ wild /rawb]ries4 ,x does n end    
till ! la/ cranb]ry  is h>ve/$ on ! eve 
( ,?anksgiv+ ,day at ! end ( ! dr[sy    
,indian summ]4 ,!re is money to be e>n$ 
at ?is occupation :]ev]  !re is ambition
 to ov]come difficulties & =ce ( "*     
en\gh to /ep aside f ! beat5 pa?s4      
,=tunately b]ries are  ripe 9 vacation  
"t4 ,= "s p b]ry pick+ has almo/ if  n q
 ! fasc9ation ( fi%+4 ,x lacks !        
objectionable  features ( hunt+1 fi%+ & 
trapp+4 ,guns1 tackle1 & traps are      
unnecess>y 9 ?is g5tl] sport4 ,no co/ly 
tools are requir$4 ,a  light pail1 fl>+ 
some:at at ! top1 is a good receptacle4 
,a wire  b5t into an ,s-%ap$ hook is h&y
 to sw+ ! pail ov] ! =e>m  :ile !       

ambidextr\s pick] almo/ d\bles ! day's  
h>ve/ if !  fruit is extra pl5tiful4    
,!re is h>dly a /ate 9 ! ,union :i* has 
n pl5ty ( wild  fruits4 ,! "y citiz5s ( 
ea* /ate %\ld "k ^! fruits &  make ! mo/
 ( !m4 ,"s /ates or regions h fruits    
peculi> to  !mselves4 ,w\ldn't x be wor?
 :ile = ! dome/ic sci5ce or  cook]y     
tea*] 9 a c\ntry s*ool to %[ h] pupils  
h[ to utilize  ^! home products8 ,we he>
 talk ab\t ! co/ ( mat]ials = use  9    
classes 9 cook]y4 ,to let our wild      
fruits g to wa/e is poor  economy :i*ev]
 way we look at x4 ,w\ldn't y1 if y live
 9  nor!rn ,mi*igan1 l to ex*ange a pot 
( ?imbleb]ry jam = "o  made 9 ,nor?     
,c>ol9a f p]simmons8 ,or if y live 9    
,montana w\ld  y ex*ange buffalo b]ry   
m>malade ) a ,florida fri5d = guava     
jelly or pres]v$ cumquats8      ,,wild  
,,raspb]ries    ,j ! o!r day a girl f ! 
%ore ( ,lake ,sup]ior told me ( a  camp+
 trip on a "p ( ! lake %ore inaccessible
 except by wat]4  ,a /orm on ! lake kept
 !m f go+ home :5 !y _h expect$ s  !y   

ga!r$ raspb]ries & cann$ & jamm$ !m till
 _! sug>  gave out1 !n until e available
 cook+ ut5sil1 ev5 ! c(fee  pot1 0 full 
& ! supply ( b]ries 0 z unlimit$ z ev]4 
,^! great1 lusci\s fruits1 %e said1 7 z 
big z ! end ( h]  ?umb1 & fairly fall+  
(f ! bu%es ) ! weight ( juice4          
,doesn't x make y\r m\? wat]8 ,! pick]s 
:o live ne> ! woods  up !re br+ b]ries  
to t[n 9 milk pails4 ,! fruit box may be
 m  elegant1 b !re is a b\ntiful s\nd   
ab\t ! milk pail t takes  my fancy4 ,(  
c\rse1 "o gets scrat*$ :ile b]ry-pick+2 
b 9  :at a good cause4 ,is !re some?+   
wrong ab\t boys & girls :o  pref] box$  
b]ries & smoo? h&s to wild fruits &     
scrat*es8  ,!re are ?\s&s ( doll>s wa/$ 
e ye> t might be work+  on "s boy's or  
girl's s*ool+1 j because nature's crop (
  raspb]ries isn't half h>ve/$4    ,wild
 raspb]ries %\ld be cann$1 jelli$1 or   
jamm$ by ! regulation  me?ods4 ,) a good
 oil /ove all ! "w c be done 9 ! op5    
air4      ,,?imbleb]ry    ,d y "k !     
?imbleb]ry8 ,"s call x ! fl[]+ raspb]ry4

  ,y w "k by its %ape & g5]al look t x  
is a c\s9 to !  black raspb]ry al?\gh x 
is flatt]1 se$i]1 & m %>ply acid4  ,x   
gr[s on a bu% or %rub some:at l a       
raspb]ry1 b its leaves  are broad1 l    
grape leaves4 ,in/ead ( ?orns its twigs 
are clo!d  ) /icky hairs4 ,! col\r ( !  
fruit is p9ki% purple4    ,?imbleb]ries 
gr[ (t5 along woods m>g9s1 j back ( !   
fr+e  ( wild r$ raspb]ries4 ,y are lucky
 if y get two cupfuls ( !  ?imbleb]ries 
:ile y\r companion is pick+ two qu>ts ( 
!  raspb]ries4 ,y\rs pack m closely & ! 
fruit is n s abundant4    ,! numb] ( p  
:o h ta/$ ?imbleb]ry jam is small4 ,i am
  told by "o :o has made x t y c get any
 price y ask = t9y  glasses ( x1 ev5 a  
doll> a glass1 f p :o mu/ h x4  ,made j 
z "o does o!r jams1 equal p>ts ( fruit &
 sug>1 !re  is no?+ ta/es q l x4        
,,blueb]ries    ,blueb]ry pie 0 a /aple 
& ju/ly popul> dess]t 9 a c]ta9  college
 d9+-room1 :]e ,i fir/ made its         
acqua9tance4 ,x 01 (  c\rse1 made (     
cann$ blueb]ries1 & we us$ to wond] :]e 

!y  all came f4 ,we c]ta9ly nev] saw !m 
gr[+ 9 ! ,mississippi  ,valley4 ,!      
blueb]ry belt is a wide "o & includes   
all ! ea/]n  & c5tral /ates4 ,i fir/ saw
 !m gr[+ on ,cape ,ann1 & lat] on  !    
,new ,hamp%ire hills4 ,! wom5 & *ildr5  
us$ to br+ !m 9  small pails to sell at 
! doors ( _! less ent]pris+ neighb\rs4  
,b ! price 0 always high & ! b]ries n   
fir/ class1 unless  we ga!r$ !m         
ourselves4 ,x takes a lot ( pick+ to get
 two  qu>ts4 ,"o gets an entirely wrong 
impression ( ! blueb]ry bus9ess  f ^!   
exp]i5ces4    ,! great cann+ factories d
 n dep5d on a haphaz>d crop4 ,9  ,new   
,engl& & ! ea/]n /ates !re are ?\s&s (  
acres (  wa/e l&1 %orn ( its =e/1 :]e   
blueb]ries gr[ 9 greate/  abundance4 ,x 
is n possible to e/imate ) any accuracy 
! value  ( ?is wild crop4 ,pick]s get f 
"o & "o-half to ?ree c5ts a  qu>t1 & !  
boxes sell 9 retail m>ket at f twelve & 
"o-half  c5ts to eighte5 c5ts a box4    
,nor!rn ,mi*igan %ipp$ five ?\s&  bu%els
 "o ye>4 ,!y %ip bett] ?an s(t] fruits1 

b ! price  is always high & ! supply    
small because ! cann+ factories are  ne>
 ! fields1 & %ipp+ is exp5sive4 ,"o l>ge
 factory uses  sev5 hundr$ bu%els a day4
 ,! total product ( ! ,ma9e cann]ies  t5
 ye>s ago 0 wor? ov] "o hundr$ ?\s&     
doll>s4 ,t mu/ be  :]e our college cook 
got h] supply4    ,huckleb]ry & blueb]ry
 are ! names us$ mo/ commonly & y w     
meet p :o "k "o f ! o!r4 ,b z bo? are   
blue & !re  are high bu% & l[ bu%       
huckleb]ries1 z well z high & l[ bu%    
blueb]ries1 x is useless to discuss !   
names4 ,bo? are "r & a  huckleb]ry 9    
,ohio may be a blueb]ry 9 ,ma9e4    ,a  
sort ( rake to ga!r blueb]ries is us$ = 
! l[ bu%es4 ,b  h& pick+ is be/4 ,! rake
 te>s ! bu%es s1 & ! b]ries  h to be put
 ?r\gh a fann+ mill twice to free !m f  
leaves  & rubbi%4 ,?is process fits !m =
 ! cann]s :o are n z  p>ticul> z we wi% 
!y 74    ,! blueb]ry bu% is a k9d (     
,indian4 ,x does n take k9dly to  g>d5s 
& o!r civiliz$ places4 ,x ?rives &      
yields abundantly  if giv5 a *ance on   

its native hillsides1 & comes up by !   
million  :]ev] ! cutt+ ( ! timb] lets 9 
! light4 ,by burn+ ov]  ! blueb]ry l& 9 
v e>ly spr+ :ile ! gr\nd is wet1  ^? 9  
*>ge c keep d[n ! ald]1 popl>s1 bir*es1 
& o!r  non-money-mak+ gr[?s1 & ?is is   
tak5 by ! blueb]ries z _!  *ance4 ,!y   
come "r up1 & deliv] a trem5d\s crop !  
fir/  ye> aft] ! burn+4      ,,wild     
,,grapes    ,we us$ to ga!r wild grapes 
along ! riv] bottoms 9 ! middle  ,we/ :5
 we w5t nutt+4 ,sometimes our nutt+     
excursion turn$ out  to be a grape      
h>ve/4 ,^! grapes 7 small1 almo/ black  
"u  _! ?9 coat ( bloom1 9 clu/]s l      
m9iature g>d5 grapes4 ,oh1  b !y 7      
puck]y :5 gre51 b ! fro/ sweet5$ !m4 ,! 
v9es grew trem5d\sly1 way to ! tops ( ! 
trees1 _! /ems l  great ropes1 :i* we   
us$ = sw+s4 ,! grapes 7 really mo/ly    
se$ & sk91 b !re 0 juice en\gh to /a9   
our aprons1 & give  ! tee? & tongue an  
unmi/akable telltale hue4 ,!re 0 juice  
en\gh = a k9d ( jelly :i* ,i believe _h 
! peculi>ity ( nev]  jell+ prop]ly4 ,x  

is good1 ?\gh1 & !y 7 well wor? !  sug> 
to make !m edible4    ,i 0 surpris$ at  
_! size :5 ,i fir/ saw ! big summ]      
grapes  ( ! ea/]n h$ge-r[s & banks4 ,b  
_! flav\r is no great  improvem5t ov] t 
( ! fro/ grape4 ,!re is m pulp1 ?\gh4   
,my b>b]ry ga!r+ fri5d1 :o admits t %e  
is fond ( all sorts  ( woodl& flav\rs1  
ga!rs ^! grapes 9 ,augu/ be=e !y  beg9  
to *ange col\r4 ,%e makes ! only really 
gre5 grape jelly ,i  h se54 ,?is is h]  
receipt3    ,wa% ! /emm$ grapes v       
c>efully to rid !m ( du/ & possible     
ta9t f poison ivy1 ) :i* !y (t5         
associate4 ,put !m into a  pres]v+      
kettle ) a v little boil+ wat]1 cov] &  
let !m  /eam till t5d]4 7,no boil+ "h47 
,/ra9 to get rid ( se$s &  sk9s4 7,"w   
fa/ at ?is po9t1 because delay may cause
 ! *ange (  col\r we wi% to avoid47     
,weigh ! juice & an equal am\nt ( :ite  
sug>4 ,heat sug> & juice sep>ately1 )\t 
scor*+4 ,/ir ! hot  sug> into ! boil+   
juice1 let boil up1 skim1 & put into    
dry1 hot  glasses4 ,if x boils a long "t

 x loses ! gre5 col\r1 & its  flav\r ( !
 wild out-(-doors4    ,gre5 grape jelly 
t is really gre5 is a triumph4 ,x w\ld  
br+ a  price4      ,,eld]b]ries         
,eld]b]ries h almo/ gone out ( fa%ion 9 
^! days (  refrig]ator c>s & cold       
/orage1 :5 fruits f all p>ts ( !  _w are
 br\ght to our doors4 ,b ,i am antiquat$
 en\gh to l !  r flat1 se$y ?+s1 & !    
runny jelly is ( a wond]ful  col\r &    
flav\r4 ,be/ ( all is ! fun ( ga!r+ !   
broad1  flat clu/]s1 always see+ a f9]  
"o j a few /eps f>!r on  or j ov] !     
f5ce4 ,! gold5-rod is brilliant 9 !     
,septemb]  sun%9e1 ! a/]s l /> /uff     
sift$ 9 e f5ce corn]1  :ile ! fox grapes
 clamb]+ ov] /ray trees along ! l9e f5ce
  fill ! air ) fragrance4 ,p]haps ,i    
c\ld get on )\t !  eld]b]ries1 b ! ,new 
,engl& consci5ce requires "s practical  
excuse = traips+ (f ov] ! fields :5 !re 
is useful "w to  be done indoors4       
,eld]b]ries cann$ 9 a ?9 syrup1 "o cup (
 wat]1  two ( sug>1 & all ! b]ries ! j> 
w hold1 are excell5t =  /eam$ pudd+4    

,dra9 (f ! juice1 & /ir ! b]ries into ! 
batt] j z y w\ld blueb]ries1 mulb]ries1 
or any o!r fruit4  ,! col\r ( ! pudd+ w 
be awe-inspir+ b ) ! juice =  sauce x is
 good1 really4      ,,b>b]ries    ,our  
,we/*e/] ,c\nty ho/ess always took a    
basket on h] arm :5  %e w5t = a walk4   
,%e _h an unusual ta/e = wild flav\rs ( 
all  sorts & h] gue/s 7 always sure ( "s
 delightful surprise at  h] table4 ,9   
,septemb] !re is a *oice ( wild fruits1 
& ev]ybody  recogniz$ ! necessity = a   
basket4 ,i wond]$1 ?\gh1 :5 we  pass$1  
unnotic$1 bu%els ( eld]b]ries1 & rods ( 
br[n+  grapes1 & head$ = a gr\p (       
dogwood trees4 ,b al?\gh !  b]ries 7    
?ick] ?an ,i ev] saw on ! dogwood1 !y 7 
only  admir$ & left = ! sun to burni%4  
,high on a b>e hilltop we sat  :]e !    
view 0 panoramic4 ,! lady ) ! basket    
betook h]self  to a fr+e ( tall1 ruddy  
bu%es on ! br[ ( ! hill1 & ,i f\nd  h]  
busily fill+ h] basket ) b>b]ries4 ,%e  
did n wait to pick  !m s+ly b snipp$ (f 
! lad5 twigs ) scissors1 avoid+  ?us !  

angry ?orns4    ,:at are !y good =8 ,i  
ask$1 z ,i ta/$ aga9 ! %>p1  a/r+5t     
flav\r & felt t indescribable puck] on  
tongue &  lips t goes ) x4 ,! b>b]ry _h 
long be5 a fav\rite ) me2  ! bu% = its  
wayw>d grace & its cunn+ fl[]s1 ! b]ries
 =  _! exquisite bloom & = ta/+ s unlike
 any cultivat$ ?+4  ,b ,i _h nev] dream$
 ( mak+ jelly ( !m4    ,jelly1 said our 
ho/ess4 ,x's p>ticul>ly good ) game4    
,( c\rse x w\ld be good ) game1 b c y   
imag9e eat+  b>b]ry jelly ) corn-f$ pork
 or ) fat mutton8    ,! b]ries %\ld be  
ga!r$ be=e !y are fully ripe & treat$  l
 currants1 al?\gh ! yield ( juice is    
meagre4 ,add a little  wat] & heat      
sl[ly4 ,/ra9 & add p\nd = p\nd ( sug>4  
,put  9 t9y glasses4 ,any "o 9 se>* = a 
unique ,*ri/mas gift = an  epicurean    
uncle w\ld f9d b>b]ry jelly fills !     
bill4    ,9 ,salem1 ,mass41 ,i saw      
b>b]ries = sale 9 ! m>ket4 ,!y look$    
mightily out ( place along ) p9eapples1 
wat]melons1 grapes1  pea*es1 ,japanese  
plums1 & o!r conv5tional m>ket fruits4  

,,bayb]ries    ,two fri5ds ( m9e1 summ]+
 on ,cape ,ann1 discov]$ !re to _!      
delight1 a l[ %rub1 gr[+ 9 great        
pr(usion on ! rocky hills4  ,! foliage 0
 ( a ri* gre5 col\r1 ( a lea!ry texture1
 & 0  possess$ ( an aromatic od\r at    
once delightful & :olesome to  _! s5ses4
 ,!y 7 seiz$ ) a great desire to take   
home )  !m a quantity ( ?is pl5tiful    
foliage to make into pill[s or to  fe$ !
 fire on ! he>? t !y might inhale its   
fragrance1 &  be rem9d$ ( ,cape ,ann & !
 summ] sea4    ,s !y procur$ huge gunny 
sacks :i* !y 7 at "s pa9s to  /uff to _!
 utmo/ capacity4 ,!y h a snap%ot (      
!mselves1  b5t d\ble "u ! weight ( !    
great sacks4 ,) ! help (  a fri5dly     
native !y succe$$ 9 transport+ ! burd5s 
to !  express (fice1 & address$ !m home4
 ,we *e]fully paid !  expressman's *>ges
 at ! home end1 hav+ be5 advis$ t ! bags
  7 com+1 & c>ri$ !m to ! attic floor   
:]e !y 7 to be  spread to cure4 ,b :5 ! 
cont5ts came tumbl+ out1 its p5t-up     
fragrance 0 famili>4 ,!n 0 x possible ^?

 bless$ geese _h  be5 sp5d+ _! preci\s  
vacation days ga!r+ bay b]ry leaves8  ,x
 0 ev5 s1 & we _h paid ne>ly two doll>s 
express on !  bags--& our woods 7 full (
 x6 ,:at a laugh we _h at _!  exp5se :5 
!y came to reimburse u4    ,! bayb]ry   
%rub is also call$ wax myrtle & x is    
easy to see :y1  :5 y f9d ! b]ries 9    
,octob]4 ,!y are gray1 almo/ :ite1 &  y 
see t ea* "o is cov]$ ) t9y drops ( wax 
t has ooz$  out ( ! b]ry & dri$ on its  
surface4    ,bayb]ry is call$ c&leb]ry1 
too1 because ( ! use our  great-gr&mo!rs
 made ( ! wax4 ,bayb]ry dips h come into
  fa%ion aga9 & p :o make !m skilfully  
f9d a ready sale =  _! product4         
,,mak+ ,,bayb]ry ,,dips    ,to make     
bayb]ry c&les y mu/ fir/ ga!r !         
wax-cov]$ b]ries4  ,get !m e>ly1 =1 z   
cold wea!r comes on1 ! pellets ( wax    
drop  (f4 ,two qu>ts make only a little 
ball ( wax1 s y mu/ ga!r an  enorm\s    
quantity ( ! b]ries4 ,put !m into wat] &
 br+ x to  a boil1 /irr+ well to be sure
 t all ! wax is melt+4 ,be+  light] ?an 

wat] ! wax w rise to ! surface4 ,:5 y   
?9k  all ! b]ries are b>e1 take !m f !  
fire4 ,z ! wat] cools1  ! wax h>d5s on  
top4 ,if ! b]ries d n all g to ! bottom 
y  w h to melt ! wax aga9 ov] a sl[ fire
 or 9 a d\ble boil]  until ! wax rises  
clean at ! top2 all dirt & refuse on its
 l[]  surface c be scrap$ (f4 ,d n let !
 wax burn4 ,smoke is a sure  sign t x is
 too hot4 ,9 a d\ble boil] !re is no    
dang]4    ,to make ! dips1 take regul>  
c&le wick+1 a s(t1 :ite1 loosely  twi/$ 
cord1 cut x twice ! desir$ l5g? = !     
c&le4 ,d\ble x  & twi/ en\gh to hold x  
toge!r4 ,! loop at "o end is conv5i5t   
to hold x by4 ,dip into ! hot wax & !n z
 x cools draw ! wick  d[n ) f+] & ?umb s
 t x hangs /raight & k9kless4  ,a second
 dip adds a little to ! diamet] ( !     
c&le1 ! ?ird  ano!r lay] & s on till y\r
 fir/ bayb]ry dip is f9i%$4 ,if  ! fir/ 
ef=t is n a good %ape & has to g back   
into ! pot  y ne$n't be disc\rag$4      
,didn't ! fir/ *ocolate cream y ev]     
made look l a *e/nut gone wrong8 ,b )   

pati5ce x is possible  = ev5 a beg9n] to
 produce v %apely c&les4 ,!y d n ne$  to
 be absolutely regul>4 ,p>aff9 or tall[ 
c&les1 m\ld$ j  alike by ! hundr$ ?\s&  
doz51 may be z r\nd & p]fect z  ma*9]y c
 make !m4 ,"p ( ! *>m ( ! bayb]ry dips  
is 9  ^! slight irregul>ities ( %ape &  
size4      ,,wild ,,crab ,,apples       
,?ickets ( small trees1 be>+ little     
solid gre5 apples are a  feature ( almo/
 e f>m 9 ! prairie /ates4 ,!y are common
  also on ! hilly pa/ures ( ,ohio1 we/]n
 ,p5nsylvania1 & ,new  ,york4 ,! ,s\?1  
too1 has its native crab apple4 ,s*ool  
*ildr5 !  c\ntry ov] lov$ 9 my day to   
fill _! pockets ) ! h>d1 s\r1  little   
fruits & nibble at !m surreptiti\sly "u 
cov] ( a broad  geography4 ,b p]haps    
*ildr5's ta/es h *ang$ s9ce t f>  "t4   
,mod]n geography mu/ be diff]5t1 anyh[4 
,i saw "o ! o!r day  %ap$ j l a fif?    
read] or hi/ory or any o!r4 ,x j look$  
l any book1 n "o bit l a g'ography4     
,! little crabs 7 made into sauce or    
butt]1 by pione]s ( !  prairie /ates4   

,we wa%$1 qu>t]$1 & cut out ! wormy     
places1  /ew$ !m till s(t ) a little    
wat]1 !n put !m ?r\gh a  co>se sieve to 
take out se$s1 cores1 & sk94 ,! pulp 0  
!n  sweet5$ ) sorghum molasses & boil$2 
/irr+ is necess>y to  prev5t burn+4 ,!  
appetites ( ^? days did n dem& da9ty    
f>e4 ,well d ,i rememb] a small visitor 
to :om our cook]y 0 new  ^: dem& =      
crab-apple-sauce-if-y-please 0 h>d to   
satisfy4 ,i  believe crab apple jelly   
w\ld be reg>d$ a great delicacy by p  ( 
good ta/e1 if once !y _h a try at x4    
,,p]simmons    ,! *ildr5 ( ! p]simmon   
belt1 :i* includes a mu* l>g] "p  ( !   
ea/]n half ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ?an _m     
suppose1 all "k  t ! fruit ( "s trees is
 bett] ?an t ( o!rs4 ,! 'possum  kn[s1  
too1 & lucky is he :o f9ds bo? fruits on
 ! same tree4  ,!re is a m>ket =        
p]simmons if !y are ga!r$ aft] fro/1  & 
a great] dem& may be creat$4 ,see+ an   
unfamili> fruit 9  ! m>ket is v likely  
to awak5 ! int]e/4 ,:e!r ! buy]  w want 
a second basket or n dep5ds entirely ^u 

! clev]ness  ( ! p]son t supplies !     
dem&4 ,! ?or\ghly ripe fruit is1        
accord+ to an exp]i5c$ travell]1        
entirely )\t bitt]ness  or a/r+5cy1     
sweet1 ri*1 & juicy4 ,:at m c y say ab\t
  wat]melon or /rawb]ries8 ,b if y :o   
ga!r ! fruits p]si/  9 hurry+ !m gre5   
into m>ket y may expect t ! prejudice   
aga9/ p]simmons w gr[ /rong]4           
,,haws    ,is !re any good reason :y "s 
( ! p :o us$ to be boys  %\ld nev] h a  
*ance to ta/e any ?orn apples n[ t !y   
are  old]8 ,p]haps ^! gr[n-up boys      
des]ve to be puni%$ = des]t+  ! old     
haunts1 b give !m a ta/e ( :at ! op5    
road has to  (f] & maybe !y w be tempt$ 
back to a simpl] life4    ,! fruit ( !  
,may haw or apple haw ( ! f> ,s\? is    
sold 9  ! m>kets ( "s cities & is made  
into pres]ves & jelly4 ,!  ,wa%+ton ?orn
 :i* gr[s wild 9 ,virg9ia & ! o!r /ates 
n  f> f ! capital city is also cultivat$
 9 _m g>d5s f>!r  nor?4 ,x has run wild 
f ^! g>d5s & ranges ov] ,new ,york1     
,p5nsylvania & neighb\r+ /ates4 ,?\gh   

usually small1 its b]ries  are a        
beautifully %9+ sc>let & v num]\s4 ,x is
 wor?  risk+ a p\nd or s ( sug> j to see
 :at jelly !y w\ld make4  ,! pe> haw has
 a ?ick1 juicy fle%1 & "s ( ! yell[ ones
 are  equally good4      ,,wild ,,plums 
,! wild plums ( ! ,ea/ did n /rike !    
e>ly settl]s z v  mu* wor? :ile4 ,!y 7  
almo/ all se$ & sk9 & ! re/  0 puck]4 ,q
 naturally ! plums ( ! "m c\ntry 7      
pref]r$ & spr\ts 7 br\ght ov] & set 9 ! 
g>d5s ( our  =efa!rs4 ,^! plum emigrants
 did s well 9 ! new c\ntry t  !y escap$ 
f ! g>d5s into ! pa/ures & roadsides1   
com+  up :]ev] se$s 7 dropp$4 ,9 su*    
places !y /ill fl\ri%  & are ?\ght ( z  
wild plums4 ,!y are ga!r$ = m>ket1 b    
comp>e unfav\rably1 except ) v          
old-fa%ion$ p1 ) !  g>d5-gr[n fruits ( !
 same or simil> v>ieties4    ,! pione]s 
( ! middle ,we/1 h[ev]1 f\nd v f9e plums
  gr[+ wild 9 pl5tiful ?ickets4 ,we us$ 
to ga!r ^! native  plums 9 !            
,mississippi ,valley1 9 great tubfuls4  
,we n only  appreciat$ ! crop nature    

provid$ = u e ye>1 b 7  f>-sight$ en\gh 
to realize t ! "t w\ld come :5 ! m>*  ( 
civilization w\ld tramp out ! plum      
?ickets4 ,s we plant$ !m  9 or*>ds &    
g>d5s1 tak+ ^? trees t _h giv5 u ! be/  
crops ( ! bigge/1 f9e/ fruit4 ,9 fact1 !
 pione]s did j :at  we ought to be do+  
all ov] our c\ntry ) o!r wild fruits &  
) nuts4 ,! wild goose plum is a native  
:i* has f\nd$ a race (  :i* !re are _m  
nam$ v>ieties1 mu* bigg] & f9] ?an !    
little1 old1 wild gr&mo!r ( ! plum      
?icket1 b !y all h  /ill t same t>t     
tang1 j "u ! sk91 t gave to our wild    
plum jell its incomp>able flav\r4       
,are ! wild plums all =gott58 ,mu/ all  
fruit come out ( boxes &  h t /ale ta/e 
( ! t[n8 ,mu/ x lose its *>act]i/ic     
aroma & give (f only t g5]al m>kety     
smell8 ,is go9'  plumm9' entirely out ( 
fa%ion1 ev5 9 ! prairie /ates8 ,i don't 
believe x is z bad z t4 ,d y believe t  
mov+ pictures or  %oot ! %oots or       
m]ry-g-r\nds c beg9 to comp>e ) su*     
simple pleasures z plumm+1 grap+1 b]ry+1

 & nutt+8 ,i h  tri$ bo?1 & give me !   
old1 homely pleasures e "t4    ,! foll[+
 extract f ,! ,tree ,book s well        
describes an annual  out+ ( pione]      
*ildr5 t x is quot$ 9 full3    ',d y    
calculate to g a-plumm9' ?is fall8' ,!  
"q 0  quietly put 9 fa!r's judicial     
tones1 b x s5t an electric ?rill  f head
 to toes ( e y\ng/]4 ,"m's reply s5t an 
answ]+  curr5t1 & ! en?usiasm ( ! mom5t 
bur/ all b\nds4 ',well1 y  bett] g ?is  
aft]noon4 ,i c sp>e ! team & wagon1 & ,i
 guess  ,john is big en\gh to drive4    
,!re's no use go9' at all if y don't  g 
"r (f4'    ,s "m & ! *ildr5 rode out ( !
 y>d1 %e sitt+ ) h]  "y driv] on ! spr+ 
seat1 ! re/ on bo>ds laid across !      
wagon box beh9d4 ,:at a j\nc+ !y got :5 
! :eels /ruck a  /one 9 a rut6 ,b :o c>$
 = a trifle l t8 ,john's reckless  driv+
 b br\ght ne>] ! goal ( _! he>t's       
desire4    ,a lurid col\r light5$ ! plum
 ?icket z x came 9 sight4 ,!  yell[     
leaves 7 fall+ & ! fruit gl[$ on ! b5d+ 
twigs4  ,close up ! wagon is drawn2 !n  

all h&s pile out1 & ! fun  really beg9s4
 ,h[ l>ge & sweet !y are ?is ye>6 ,"m   
kn[s h[  to avoid ! puck]y1 ?ick sk9 9  
eat+ plums4 ,! y\ng/]s try  to *ew two  
or ?ree at once & _! faces are drawn    
into knots4 ,b  !y soon get us$ to t4   
,n[ ! small folks ) pails are s5t to    
pick up ripe plums "u  ! trees1 & w>n$  
aga9/ eat+ too _m4 ',rememb] la/ ye>1'  
says "m1 & !y d rememb]4 ,! l>g] boys   
spread /rips (  burlap & rag c>pet "u ! 
fulle/ trees1 9 turn1 & give _!  bran*es
 a good beat+ t %[]s ! plums d[n4 ,)    
difficulty  ! boys & girls make _! way  
into ! ?icket2 b torn jackets  & aprons 
& scrat*$ h&s c be m5d$--su* accid5ts   
are  ov]look$ 9 ! excitem5t ( fill+ !   
gra9 sacks ) ripe  fruit4 ,h[ f9e 'plum 
butt]' w ta/e on ! bread & butt] ( !    
noon lun* :5 w9t] comes & s*ool beg9s4  
7,! ,p5nsylvanian's  love = 'spreads' on
 8 bread leav5$ ! ,we/ completely47     
,o!r neighb\rs h come1 & />t$ 9 ) a vim4
 ,x seems  unreasonable to take any m4  
,! bags are full1 & !re are "s  p\r$    

loose into ! wagon box4 ,besides1       
ev]ybody is tir$1 & ,john  %\ts t !     
hazel-nuts are ripe on ! o!r side ( !   
log road4    ,a great grape v9e1 load$ )
 purple clu/]s1 claims "m's  att5tion4  
,!re w probably be no bett] *ance =     
grapes ?is  fall1 & ! sun is /ill an h\r
 high4 ,john *ops d[n ! little  tree t  
supports x & ! girls eag]ly help to fill
 ! pails )  ! fruit ( ! pro/rate v9e1   
:ile ,john goes back to comm& !         
hazel-nut brigade & sees t no eag]      
y\ng/] /rays too f>4    ,"m's voice     
gives ! f9al summons1 & ! *ildr5 ga!r at
 !  wagon1 tir$ b regretful = ! fill$   
husks t !y mu/ leave  beh9d on ! hazel  
bu%es4 ,a load$ bran* ( ! grape v9e is  
cut  (f bodily1 & lift$ into ! wagon4 ,!
 team is hit*$ on1 & !  happy pass5g]s 9
 ! wagon turn _! faces homew>d4    ,su* 
0 ! poetry ( pione] life4 ,pleasures 7  
simple1 primitive1  he>ty--l !          
"w--closely int]l9k$ ) ! fight aga9/    
/>vation4 ,!re 0 no?+ dull or un9t]e/+  
ab\t ei!r4 ,!  plums & grapes 7 sweet5$ 

) molasses made f sorghum cane4  ,ea*   
f>m] grew a little /rip1 & "o ( !m _h a 
mill to :i*  e "o haul$ 8 cane to be    
gr\nd on ! %>es4    ,:o w say t ?is long
 sweet59' 0 poor /uff1 t !  quality ( ! 
spic$ grapes suff]$ = lack ( sug>1 or t 
any  mod]n pres]ves h a m excell5t      
flav\r ?an ^? ( ! old  days made out ( !
 wild plums ga!r$ 9 ! woods8 ,& ?is is  
also  true3 ,!re is no m exhil>at+      
holiday conceivable ?an ^? half  days :5
 "m took ! *ildr5 & w5t a-plumm9'4      
,,nuts    ,! wild nuts ga!r$ 9 ?is      
c\ntry = sale or home use 9 !  ,nor? are
 *e/nuts1 hickory nuts1 black walnuts1  
butt]nut1 hazel-nut1  bee*nut2 9 ! ,s\?1
 ! pecan & ! *9quap92 9 ! f> ,we/1  !   
p9e nut4 ,! lea/ kn[n ( ^! 9 ea/]n      
m>kets are !  p9e nuts1 :i* =m a v /aple
 article ( food = _m tribes  ( ,indians 
9 ! ,great ,bas94 ,john ,muir says t !re
 are t5s (  ?\s&s ( acres cov]$ ) nut   
p9es4 ,an indu/ri\s ,indian family  c   
ga!r fifty or sixty bu%els 9 a mon? if !
 sn[ does n cat*  !m4 ,! little cones   

are beat5 (f ) poles z ! trees are n    
high1 & are heat$ till !y op5 & ! nuts  
fall out f "u  ! scales4 ,i h eat5 p9e  
nuts 9 ,turki% re/aurants4 ,!y came  z a
 surprise 9 a di% ( eggplant /uff$ )    
*opp$ meat1 rais9s1  nuts1 bread crumbs1
 & ,i "k n :at all else4    ,! native   
*e/nut1 ?\gh small]1 is f> sweet] ?an ! 
popul>  ,spani% "o4 ,b x looks z if "s  
=eign] mu/ take ! place  ( our native   
*e/nuts 9 ! woods z well z 9 ! m>ket4 ,!
  *e/nut disease :i* has driv5 ! trees  
out ( ! p>ks & wood  lots ne> ,new ,york
 ,city is baffl+ ! sci5ti/s4 ,e ye> !   
deadl9e moves we/w>d & s\?w>d & nor?w>d 
f its c5t]4  ,p]haps a cure w be f\nd   
be=e all ! *e/nuts are gone4 ,if any    
region has a few trees :i* seem to )/& !
 disease :ile all  ! re/ die1 ^? trees  
%\ld be pres]v$ & us$ to propagate a    
race ( *e/nuts :i* w\ld be immune4 ,x   
may be t ! ,spani%  & ,japanese *e/nuts 
w prove h>di] ?an our own4 ,^! are  be+ 
gr[n q ext5sively 9 "s ,ea/]n /ates4 ,!y
 be> :5  rem>kably "y4 ,japanese *e/nuts

 beg9 to be>1 accord+ to !  nurs]ym51 at
 ?ree ye>s ( age1 be> f ?ree to sev5    
nuts 9  a bur1 ea* nut measur+ f f\r to 
five in*es 9 circumf]5ce4  ,trees five  
ye>s old be> two or ?ree qu>ts ea* & !  
yield  increases rapidly f ye> to ye>4  
,^! br+ fancy prices 9 city  m>kets &   
are eat5 ei!r raw or cook$4    ,9 gr[+  
*e/nuts x is ! practice fir/ to cut d[n 
! old  native trees4 ,z 9 all likelihood
 ^! w\ld be dead 9 a few ye>s  anyh[1   
?is is economical4 ,dead lumb] is n z   
valuable z live  lumb]4 ,! fir/ ye> aft]
 a *e/nut is cut1 a crop ( "y suck]s    
come up ar\nd ! /ump4 ,^! %oots are     
graft$ ) scions ( a  desir$ v>iety4 ,!re
 is a good /ory ( a lad ( twelve ye>s ( 
age :o ask$ 8 fa!r to graft a *e/nut    
tree4 ,al?\gh ! man  0 graft+ apple     
trees at ! "t he laugh$ at ! boy's idea4
  ,! lad did n =get & ye>s aft] he put 8
 idea into practice  & n[ owns a *e/nut 
grove :i* br+s him an income ( ?\s&s  ( 
doll>s4 ,8 *e/nut groves are on wa/e l& 
unfit = ord9>y  f>m purposes4 ,if "o f>m

 boy 9 e c\nty w\ld take an int]e/  9   
gr[+ ! nuts t belong to 8 region1 ?9k h[
 ! value (  ! nut crop w\ld increase4 ,e
 boy kn[s t ! hickory nuts on  "o       
p>ticul> %ell-b>k are bigg] & sweet] ?an
 on e o!r  "o he kn[s (4 ,he & 8 fri5ds 
try to get !re fir/1 be=e !  o!r gang d1
 & make sure ( _! %>e4 ,b does he ev]   
plant  any big sweet nuts along a f5ce  
r[ & take c>e ( ! "y trees  till !y are 
big en\gh to take c>e ( !mselves8 ,9 !  
sev5te5?  c5tury !re 0 a law 9 c]ta9    
,european c\ntries t e "y  man %\ld     
plant a c]ta9 numb] ( walnut trees4     
,unless he c\ld  prove t he _h compli$ )
 ! law1 he c\ldn't m>ry4 ,:at a good    
idea6 ,) su* a law we might h m f9e     
trees & few] ha/y  m>riages4            
,,*9quap9s    ,a col\r$ girl br\ght me a
 p9t ( *9quap9s f h] home 9  ,ca'l9e    
,c\nty1 ,virg9ia2 ,i sampl$ !m eag]ly1  
tak+ great pleasure  9 _! dim9utive     
prett9ess1 tidy %ape1 & ri*1 d>k col\r+4
  ,i kept a h&ful securely ti$ 9 !      
little salt bag 9 :i* !y  _h made !     

j\rney & took !m to my native /ate to %[
 to !  *ildr51 :o _h nev] se5 a *e/nut  
tree ( any k9d4    ,:5 ,i took ! bag f !
 trunk1 !re 0 a du/9ess ab\t !  feel ( x
 t ar\s$ my suspicions4 ,i empti$ !     
cont5ts into a  flat di%4 ,!re 7 my     
nuts1 _! glossy br[n %ells z smoo? z    
ev]1 b empty4 ,roll+ ab\t among/ !m 7 a 
lot ( ! plumpe/  little :ite grubs1     
fairly b5t d\ble ) corpul5cy4 ,!re mu/ h
  be5 "o = ea* nut1 = n a s\nd k]nel 0  
left4    ,i le>n f *e/nut-wise p t ^!   
weevils are ano!r great  enemy ( *e/nut 
culture1 no rem$y hav+ be5 f\nd4    ,!  
*9quap9 is ! ,s\!rn *ild's *e/nut4 ,x is
 sometimes a  tree1 b m (t5 a l[ %rub4  
,! bur is r\nd & has only "o nut  9 x4  
,a good _m are m>ket$1 especially 9     
,s\!rn cities1 &  br+ a good price :5   
fre%4 ,! weevils ent] ! nuts be=e !y    
are mature & x is difficult to f9d ! bad
 nuts till too late to  prev5t a        
disagreeable impression4 ,?is int]f]es )
 ! popul>ity  ( ! *9quap9 z a dess]t    
nut4      ,,hazel-,,nuts    ,! ,am]ican 

hazel-nut fl\ri%es ov] ! ea/]n half ( ! 
,unit$  ,/ates4 ,x is a sweet little    
nut1 mu* m to my ta/e ?an !  bigg]      
filb]t1 :i* is s popul> 9 our m>kets4   
,we us$ to ga!r  hazel-nuts 9 ! edge (  
woods :i* fr+e ! little riv]s (  !      
,mississippi ,valley4 ,! bu%es grew 9   
?ickets & :ile !  big bro!rs & si/]s    
ga!r$ ! nuts f among ! closely  int]lac$
 bran*es t grew sc>cely high] ?an _!    
heads1 !  small] fry crept 9 und]nea? & 
gett+ ab\t on ! floor ( !  woods se>*$ =
 nuts t _h rip5$ e>ly & dropp$ f !      
br[n+ husk4    ,!re is no progress 9    
simply go+ out 9 ! fall & tak+ :at      
nature furni%es4 ,unaid$1 ! good "m goes
 on produc+ ! same  small nuts1 c>+ j z 
pati5tly = ! inf]ior ones & ev5         
enc\rag+ ! nut weevils to prey ^u !m4 ,b
 ,i wond] if "s boy  or girl :o ?9ks !re
 isn't any int]e/+ "w to be done on !   
f>m1 c\ld n make "s exp]im5ts 9         
hazel-nut culture4    ,! bu%es gr[      
readily f se$1 b se$l+s d n always      
produce  z f9e nuts z ^? t 7 plant$4 ,= 

?is reason "o c  save "t by select+ !   
bu%es t be> ! l>ge/ crop ( f9e  nuts &  
propagat+ ^?4 ,!y gr[ 9 any well dra9$1 
fairly  ri* soil & ,i "k ( hundr$s (    
miles ( f5ce r[s answ]+  ^! requirem5ts1
 :i* n[ produce poison ivy1 cat bri] &  
o!r  h>mful crops4 ,hazel bu%es make a  
beautiful f5ce r[1 & yield a  salable   
crop4 ,hazel bu%es propagate naturally  
by suck]s & lay]s4  ,by manur+ well 9   
summ] long %oots = lay]+ w be =c$4  ,^! 
%\ld be /ak$ d[n 9 w9t] or spr+ & cov]$ 
)  e>?4 ,!y may be remov$ to nurs]y r[s 
or or*>d at ! end (  ! fir/ season4 ,s  
says ,w4 ,a4 ,taylor 9 ! ,cyclopdia (   
,am]ican  ,horticulture4 ,! same writ]  
gives directions = prun+ z foll[s3      
,/rong %oots %\ld be head$ back to      
promote spur =mation 7!  nuts are borne 
on %ort side %oots7 & old wood t has    
borne fruit  %\ld be remov$ annually4   
,suck]s %\ld be kept d[n unless want$  =
 propagation4 ,m>* or ,april is ! be/ "t
 to prune z !y  blossom v e>ly & "o mu/ 
avoid cutt+ (f ei!r ! "y nuts  or !     

poll5-be>+ fl[]s4 ,! nuts %\ld be ga!r$ 
:5 !  husk beg9s to br[n at ! edges4 ,if
 left long]1 z is mo/ (t5  done1 9 !    
case ( wild nuts1 a l>ge proportion ( ! 
crop falls  to ! gr\nd & is lo/4        
,beside1 ! dri$ hull$ nuts d n br+  z   
high a price z ! fre% unhusk$ ones4 ,if 
kept long 9 ! husk  !y w m\ld1 unless   
dri$ ?or\ghly4 ,! nuts1 h[ev]1 w keep   
?r\gh ! season 9 a cool place4          
,,walnuts    ,! fruit ( ! black walnut  
is enclos$ 9 a globe-%ap$ husk4 ,all    
c\ntry boys & girls "k h[ t husk smells 
& h[ x /a9s !  f+]s4 ,! nuts are v oily 
& mu/ be treat$ c>efully4 ,!y  %\ld be  
dri$1 pref]ably on ! g>ret floor1 hull$ 
& /or$ 9 a  cool1 dry place4 ,if =      
m>ket1 !y %\ld be sold imm$iately4 ,!y  
are v likely to gr[ rancid if kept4     
,billy1 9 ! ,limb]lo/  /ory1 _h a piece 
( heavy plank ) a hole 9 x1 j big en\gh 
to  let ! husk$ nut ?r\gh4 ,he put an   
unhull$ nut ov] ! hole1 !n  ) a wood5   
mallet1 he drove x ?r\gh ! hole4 ,x came
 ?r\gh  clean4    ,! butt]nut or oilnut 

is f a tree closely relat$ to ! black   
walnut4 ,x is call$ also :ite walnut4 ,!
 husk is n s ?ick z  t ( ! black walnut 
& adh]es /ubbornly to ! nut if left to  
dry4 ,! nuts get rancid if kept w>m &   
%\ld be m>ket$ z soon z  dry or kept    
/or$ 9 ! cold & eat5 be=e spr+4         
,pickl$ walnuts are a highly priz$      
delicacy 9 h\seholds :]e  cultur9e has n
 tak5 ! place ( old-fa%ion$ h\sehold    
arts4  ,! nuts are ga!r$ :5 gre51 be=e !
 %ell has h>d5$4 ,if a  knitt+ ne$le c  
be pu%$ cle> ?r\gh ! nut1 x is n too old
  = pickl+4 ,y w be =tunate if y c get a
 receipt f "s  h\sewife :o has "t = real
 culture z well z = mak+ pickles4       
,receipt = ,pickl$ ,walnuts4--7,f my    
great aunt's cook-book47  ,+r$i5ts3 ,"o 
hundr$ walnuts1 salt & wat]1 "o gallon (
  v9eg>1 two ounces ( :ole black pepp]1 
half an ounce ( cloves1 "o  ounce (     
allspice1 "o ounce ( root g+] slic$1 "o 
ounce ( mace4    ,ga!r ! nuts 9 ,july :5
 !y are full gr[n4 ,!y %\ld be s(t      
en\gh to be pi]c$ all ?r\gh ) a ne$le4  

,prick !m all well  ?r\gh4 ,let !m rema9
 n9e days 9 br9e 7f\r p\nds ( salt to   
ea* gallon ( wat]71 *ang+ ! br9e e ?ird 
day4 ,dra9 !m1  & let !m rema9 9 ! sun  
two or ?ree days until !y become  black4
 ,put !m into j>s1 n q fill+ !m4 ,boil !
 v9eg> &  spices toge!r t5 m9utes1 & p\r
 ! liquid ov] ! walnuts4 ,!y  w be fit =
 use 9 a mon?1 & w keep = ye>s4         
,,bee*nuts    ,! boys ( y\r neighb\rhood
 may n "k t ! smoo?1  gray-b>k$ trees ) 
v long1 sl5d]1 po9t$ buds are bee*es4   
,!y may nev] h notic$ ! wond]ful        
gray-gre5 col\r nor  delicate texture ( 
! newly op5$ leaves1 nor ! s(t1 silky   
fl[] head t be>s ! poll54 ,too _m boys  
?9k ^!  prelim9>ies are ( no importance4
 ,! *ances are /rong t :5  ,octob] rip5s
 ! nuts1 nobody has any difficulty 9    
locat+ bee*  trees1 if !re are any 9 !  
vic9ity4 ,usually1 9 ! wild woods1  !y  
gr[ 9 l>ge gr\ps ( v>i\s sizes2 ! big   
trees %elt]+  ! little ones until !y are
 /rong en\gh to live 9 ! full  sunlight4
 ,d boys & girls f9d ! bee*es by in/9ct 

j z !  mice1 ! blue jays1 ! squirrels1 &
 ! =ag+ hogs d8    ,d y "k :y x takes s 
mu* long] to ga!r a p9t ( bee*nuts  ?an 
! same am\nt ( hazel-nuts8 ,!y are      
pretty small2 yes1 b  !re's ano!r       
reason4 ,if y 7 to c\nt y\r bee*nuts1 y 
w\ld  f9d x takes _m m ( !m by c\nt to  
make a p9t ?an ( !  r\nd nuts1 because (
 _! triangul> %ape4 ,!y fit s snugly t  
y\r p9t measure ( bee*nuts is almo/     
solid nuts4 ,!y are ab\t !  sweete/ ( ! 
wild nuts4 ,!y are v ri* 9 fat too1 & 9 
old5  times an oil = table use 0 made f 
bee*nuts4 ,olive oil takes  its place n[
 & co/s less4 ,!re is a m>ket = all !   
bee*nuts  y c ga!r4 ,deal]s 9 tree se$s 
(t5 h difficulty 9 fill+  ord]s4 ,z !   
nuts d n g]m9ate till ,april !y may be  
ga!r$  at any "t dur+ ! w9t]1 unless !  
wild folks h ga!r$ !m  all4 ,! *ances   
are t to get any y w\ld h to g e>ly &   
se>* %>ply4 ,once or s 9 a lifetime !   
burr[ ( a :ite-foot$  m\se is discov]$  
ne> bee* woods4 ,are y h>d he>t$ en\gh n
  only to break & ent]1 b also to burgle

 8 ho>d8 ,r admire  ! little creature's 
indu/ry & resolve to g & d likewise4    
,,hickory ,,nuts    ,am]ica is ! only   
c\ntry t has native hickory nuts4 ,( ^! 
!  be/ nut produc]s are ! %agb>ks & !   
pecans4 ,^! two nuts are  increas+ly    
popul>4 ,p are plant+ ^! nuts &         
exp]im5t+  ) new v>ieties1 ) graft+ &   
cultivation1 z nev] be=e4  ,pecan or*>ds
 are be+ plant$ 9 _m regions & hickory  
nuts are  be+ /udi$ ) a view to improv+ 
! k]nel & r$uc+ !  h>dness ( ! %ell4 ,! 
value ( hickory wood 9 ! mak+ ( tools  &
 = fuel has made ! lumb] m pr(itable ?an
 ! nuts4 ,b  ) improv$ v>ieties ?is may 
n be true4 ,! poor quality ( !  wood ( !
 pecan has sav$ ^! native trees f       
de/ruction4    ,hickory nuts h a husk z 
e c\ntry *ild kn[s2 b ! husk has  a     
good-natur$ habit ( splitt+ neatly into 
f\r equal p>ts :i*  fall away f ! nut :5
 dry4 ,!re are sev]al k9ds ( hickory    
:i* produce sweet1 edible nuts1 b ! nuts
 ( ! true %agb>k are  ! be/4 ,!y gr[ on 
l[ hills ne> /reams or swamps 9 good    

soil  9 ! ,ea/]n & ,middle /ates z f>   
s\? z ,florida1 & z f>  we/ z ,kansas4  
,! k+ nuts ( ! ,mississippi are bigg]1 b
 n s  good1 al?\gh ! price y get = !m is
 good & ! baskets fill  fa/] ?an ) !    
little %agb>ks4      ,,pecans    ,?is   
nut tree gr[s 9 ! ,s\?1 & z ! wood is   
too brittle to be  v valuable nobody has
 cut x = lumb]4 ,trem5d\s int]e/ has    
be5 ar\s$ dur+ ! pa/ t5 ye>s 9 pecan    
gr[+4 ,pecan or*>ds  are be+ plant$ 9   
all sorts ( soil1 good1 bad1 &          
indiff]5t4 ,!  wise/ plant]s h gone to  
nature to le>n :at k9d ( conditions  !  
pecan requires4 ,by cultivation &       
f]tiliz+ & o!rwise  improv+ good natural
 conditions1 _m gr[]s are succe$+4 ,by  
plant+ nuts f trees t produce f9e ones  
abundantly e ye>1  & by budd+ ^! trees )
 scions f /ill f9] specim5 trees  great 
improvem5t has be5 made4 ,i h a picture 
( a pecan tree 9  ,georgia1 sixte5 ye>s 
old1 :i* is ne>ly fifty feet high4 ,x   
has  borne already ?ree hundr$ & fifty  
p\nds ( nuts & ?is ye>'s  crop w be ov] 

a hundr$ p\nds4 ,?is tree has nev] _h to
 fight  we$s1 has always _h pl5ty to eat
 & dr9k1 0 protect$ 9 w9t]  :ile "y1 &  
n[ x is ready to foot all its own bills 
& give a  f9e pr(it4 ,h[ _m ( u are     
ready to d t at sixte5 ye>s8 ,!         
cultivation ( pecans is only j begun4 ,v
 little ( ! annual  crop ( ^! nuts is   
h>ve/$ 9 or*>ds4 ,9 ,! ,tree ,book !    
au?or says t n9ety-five p] c5t4 ( ! crop
 is /ill ga!r$  9 ! woods4 ,! annual    
crop is trem5d\s1 & ! pick]s get only   
?ree to t5 c5ts a p\nd = ! ungrad$ nuts4
 ,= ! v be/  nuts1 ma9ly sold = se$1 !  
retail price is f fifty c5ts to a  doll>
 a p\nd1 :i* is f "o to two c5ts p] nut4
    ,:o picks all ^! nuts 9 ! woods8    
,surely1 ! boys & girls (  ! pecan belt 
d _! %>e4 ,d !y d x 9 a primitive way or
 are  _! me?ods wor?y ( ! up-to-date    
,am]ican y\ng/]8 ,pr(essor  ,hume ( !   
,florida ,agriculture ,exp]im5t ,/ation 
7,bullet9 ,no4 #he1  #aijf7 gives       
sugge/ions = ga!r+ ! pecan crop 9 !     
or*>d  :i* ought to be useful to ! wild 

pick]4 ,! nuts ought to be  ga!r$ z soon
 z ! mo/ ( ! burs h op5$4 ,9 or*>ds1 !  
pick]s use ladd]s = "y trees & climb !  
big ones & ga!r  ! nuts by h& into      
sacks4 ,beat+ & %ak+ ! trees is only    
resort$ to = ! nuts t are entirely out (
 rea*4 ,if all[$  to fall on ! gr\nd s  
_m ( ! nuts are lo/ t ! pr(its  are     
mat]ially less5$4 ,if practicable a l>ge
 %eet %\ld be plac$  "u ! tree to save  
?is loss4    ,! nuts %\ld be spread "u  
"s sort ( ro( to cure1 :i*  requires t5 
days or two weeks4    ,h y ev] tri$ !   
exp]im5t ( sort+ & grad+ ! nuts y  ga!r8
 ,! fruits ( wild trees v>y greatly 9 _!
 size & g5]al  appe>ance4 ,! :olesale   
deal] :o buys nuts und\bt$ly grades !m  
& gets a fancy price = ! big ones4 ,:y  
%\ld y n b5efit by  ?is8    ,pecans are 
grad$ by sift+ !m ?r\gh scre5s1 ! me% ( 
:i*  lets only ^? ( small size ?r\gh4 ,y
 might build up a private  trade 9 wild 
nuts by pack+ y\r be/ nuts 9 attractive 
pa/ebo>d  boxes & *>g+ a good retail    
rate = !m4 ,! inf]ior nuts y  c\ld well 

af=d to sell at ! l[e/ :olesale price z 
y\r av]age  w\ld be high] ?an ! :olesal]
 w\ld pay = unsort$ nuts4    ,y\r fancy 
nuts w\ld h to be poli%$ 9 ord] to      
compete ) !  nuts sold 9 city m>kets4 ,!
 poli%+ does n make ! meat any  sweet]1 
b x does make a m attractive dess]t nut1
 especially n[  t folks are us$ to see+ 
!m poli%$4 ,?is is done by putt+  "s dry
 s& into a b>rel ) ! nuts & roll+ !     
b>rel ab\t  till ! nuts are poli%$4 ,if 
y h a worn out b>rel or box *urn1  z we 
once _h1 t w\ld be j ! ?+4 ,fancy       
packages ( five to  t5 p\nds w\ld be v  
mu* 9 dem& at ,*ri/mas4 ,! big cities   
are well suppli$ ) ?is sort ( ?+1 b 9 ! 
small] cities  & l>g] t[ns !re are      
always "s p :o "k a good ?+  :5 !y see x
 & to :om ! local m>kets (t5 fail to    
supply  ^! little luxuries4      ,,nut  
,,gr[+    ,9 ,bullet9 ,no4 #abe ( !     
,m>yl& ,agricultural ,exp]im5t ,/ation  
publi%$ 9 #aijh y may read3 ,! "y &     
middle-ag$ %\ld n  only plant nut trees 
!mselves1 b %\ld enc\rage ! *ildr5 to  d

 likewise4 ,e f>m boy ought to h a small
 nut nurs]y & be  taught to plant & c>e 
= nut trees4 ,no?+ m cr$itable c\ld  be 
done 9 ! s*ools ?an to int]e/ ! boys &  
girls 9 !  possibilities ( nut          
production & to celebrate ,arbor ,day ) 
!  plant+ ( nut trees4    ,doesn't t    
read l s\nd advice8 ,?9k ( ! l& on y\r  
fa!r's  f>m to-day t is n work+4 ,or if 
!re isn't any idle l&  c y n p]suade him
 to l5d y an acre or s = exp]im5tal     
purposes8 ,! *ances are t he w enc\rage 
& help y because  he wants y to be      
int]e/$ 9 ! f>m4 ,b y may say to        
y\rself3  ,n mu*6 ,i don't mean to /ay  
on ! f>m4 ,i'm go+ to "w h>d &  get an  
education4 ,i want to be a doctor1 or a 
lawy]1 or a bank]4  ,nev]!less1 y take !
 ,m>yl& man's advice & set out "s nut   
trees4 ,let u say y />t y\r nut or*>d at
 age f\rte5 :5 y  h ?ree ye>s yet 9 !   
high s*ool4 ,y\r trees w be set s f>    
ap>t t "s o!r crops w be gr[n betwe5 !m2
 corn1 potatoes1  melons1 or any?+ t    
requires good cultivation &             

f]tilization4  ,:5 y f9i% ! high s*ool  
y\r nut trees w n look v big1  b        
promis+4 ,y g on to college & 9 f\r ye>s
 y w see a  big *ange4 ,no crop is 9    
sight yet b y are only tw5ty-"o &  ready
 to g to "w4 ,y may =get all ab\t ^? nut
 trees = a few  ye>s b !y are n =gett+  
_! bus9ess4 ,!y w be> a few  nuts "s    
ye>1 z if to try _! h& at a new         
ent]prise4 ,"s day  :5 y are ne$+ a sum 
( money to />t 9 bus9ess = y\rself1  & y
 are wond]+ :o w l5d y t mu*1 y w get ^w
  f ! folks at home t !y h h>ve/$ y\r   
fir/ crop (  pecans or ,engli% walnuts  
or ,spani% *e/nuts & h deposit$ a  ?\s& 
doll>s 9 ! bank 9 y\r "n z ! net pr(its4
 ,w y  try x8    ,be=e plant+ nut trees 
x is important to le>n all y c by  read+
 & by correspond5ce ) y\r ,exp]im5t     
,/ation exp]ts  ab\t ! k9ds t w d be/ 9 
y\r region & on y\r soil4 ,if  m boys   
us$ a little =e?\ght we %\ld h few] "y  
college  m5 /ruggl+ along on small      
sal>ies 9 "w !y dislike1 j =  lack ( a  
tidy sum ( ready money to set !m on _!  

feet at !  critical "t4    ,!re are good
 reasons = ?is great] int]e/ 9 nut gr[+ 
9 !  ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! use ( nuts is m  
common ?an =m]ly b !y  are /ill a       
luxury4 ,wild nuts are sc>c]1 ow+ to !  
de/ruction  ( ! trees = lumb]4 ,! food  
value ( nuts is bett] und]/ood  ?an     
=m]ly1 & _m articles ( food are         
manufactur$ n[ f  nuts4 ,nuts z meat    
sub/itutes h come into prom95ce )9 a few
  ye>s4 ,?is creates a dem& :i* w       
increase4 ,!re is no dang] (            
ov]-production4 ,n[ is ! "t to get into 
! nut bus9ess4      ,,tree ,,se$s    ,9 
8 book on ,=e/ry ,pr(essor ,gif=d says3 
,collection ( tree  se$s %\ld yield good
 returns if prop]ly conduct$4 ,t is good
  news1 = if ev] a crop 0 all[$ to g to 
wa/e x is ?is crop (  tree se$s4 ,any "o
 :o has se5 a =e/ ( "y maples cut d[n by
  lawn m[]s 9 ! helplessness ( _!       
se$-leaf /age realizes t  ) any sort (  
=e?\ght ^? se$s might h be5 made a s\rce
  ( income4    ,pr(essor ,gif=d says a  
little f>!r on t _m ( ! se$s (  our     

native trees c be m easily obta9$ 9     
,europe ?an 9 ,am]ica4  ,we may le>n _m 
lessons 9 economy f our neighb\rs ov]   
!re4    ,b :o is go+ to h>ve/ ! tree    
se$s8 ,a me*anic :o e>ns a  good wage _c
 af=d to ga!r tree se$s2 nei!r c a bank 
cl]k  unless he does ! "w 9 8 vacation4 
,b our boys & girls are  (t5 at a loss  
to f9d ways ( e>n+ money4 ,"h is a crop 
!y  c ga!r )\t dang] ( trespass+4 ,!re  
is a m>ket = ?is  h>ve/4 ,"s tree se$s  
are difficult to get & exp5sive2 r$ p9e 
= in/ance4 ,spruce trees produce se$    
only once 9 sev5 ye>s4 ,?is  keeps !    
supply %ort4 ,9 a spruce se$ ye> e se$  
%\ld be  ga!r$4 ,pecks ( h>d maple se$s 
are swept up by /reet clean]s  e ye> on 
our home /reet4 ,!y are wor? a lot (    
money1 yet !  boys on ! /reet nev] h all
 ! ca% !y want to buy baseball  gloves &
 circus tickets & bicycles4 ,no         
ent]pris+ read] ( ?is  book ne$ ev] lack
 = pocket money4    ,rememb]1 ,pr(essor 
,gif=d said1 ,collection ( tree se$s    
%\ld  yield good returns if prop]ly     

conduct$4 ,e bus9ess to  be successful  
mu/ be conduct$ prop]ly4 ,!re are "s    
simple  pr9ciples4 ,y ne$ n be an exp]t 
=e/] b ! m y "k  ab\t trees ! bett]4 ,if
 a deal] buys six qu>ts ( r$ maple  se$s
 ( y he w be disappo9t$ if y s5d him    
silv] maple1  disc\rag$ if y s5d him    
sug> maple1 & disgruntl$ if y s5d  him  
a%4 ,fur!rmore1 he w n s5d y ! money nor
 any ord]s  = m4 ,if !re is a maple tree
 ) a peck ( se$ on x 9 y\r  y>d1 9 five 
m9utes or less "t y c f9d out :at k9d x 
is  ) ,! ,tree ,book4 ,be=e ! se$s are  
ripe write to a sev]al se$  m5 & tell !m
 :at y h2 ask if !y want any1 at :at    
price1  & on :at date4 ,"s trees rip5 _!
 se$s 9 ! spr+1 %ake  !m (f1 & let ! w9d
 scatt] !m4 ,9 ! case ( "s k9ds1  ! se$s
 spr\t )9 a few days aft] !y rea* !     
gr\nd4 ,^!  %\ld be ga!r$ z soon z ripe1
 spread out to dry = a few days1  &     
plant$ )9 a few weeks at late/4 ,se$s ( 
o!r k9ds d n  gr[ till ! foll[+ spr+4   
,none ( ^! %\ld be all[$ to dry  too    
?or\ghly4 ,nuts & acorns = se$ %\ld n be

 all[$ to get  dry ov] w9t]4 ,^! %\ld be
 pack$ 9 moi/ s& & kept cool b  n froz54
 ,*]ry1 plum & pea* pits are bett] = be+
 froz54    ,! supply ( :ite p9e se$ is  
nev] equal to ! dem&4 ,! m>ket  price is
 said to v>y f two doll>s fifty c5ts to 
f\r doll>s  fifty c5ts p] p\nd4 ,y get a
 little ov] a p\nd ( se$s f a  bu%el (  
unop5$ cones4 ,:ite p9e trees require   
two ye>s to mature  _! cones & !y set   
se$ only once 9 e f\r or five ye>s4  ,b 
e ye> !re w be "s trees be>+ se$4       
,n9ete5 hundr$  & f\r 0 a big on ye> 9 !
 ,new ,york :ite p9e =e/s4 ,y  c tell :5
 ! t9y cones fir/ appe> t a crop is     
com+4 ,!  cones %\ld be wat*$ z ,augu/  
wanes & ga!r$ be=e !y op54  ,septemb] is
 ! mon? z a g5]al ?+4 ,boys c e>n ?irty 
c5ts  or s a bu%el ga!r+ ! full cones4  
,b ,i %\ld n be satisfi$  to let ! o!r  
fell[ get all ! pr(its j because he kn[s
 h[  to cure & m>ket ! se$4 ,t is easy4 
,spread ! cones out 9 !  b>n to dry4    
,slat trays are be/ to get free         
circulation ( air4 ,y  c make ^! at odd 

times be=e ! crop is ready4 ,a fann+    
mill  comes 9 h&y to ?ra% & free !m f   
rubbi% & imp]fect se$4  ,m>ket !m       
imm$iately to avoid loss4 ,if y are to  
keep ! se$ =  home consumption1 mix )   
dry s& & /ore 9 a cool b n too dry      
place4 ,if all[$ to dry or freeze & ?aw 
!y lose _! vitality4  ,tree se$s ne$    
pretty c>eful h&l+4    ,any "o int]e/$ 9
 ga!r+ tree se$s %\ld get in=mation f   
books & bullet9s on =e/ry4 ,he %\ld     
write to firms :o make  a specialty (   
sell+ tree se$s & !y w help him by giv+ 
directions ab\t ! treatm5t ( se$s4      
,did y ev] wond] :]e ! nurs]y m5 get !  
?\s&s ( apple  trees !y sell e ye>8 ,g a
 /ep back ( ! budd+ or graft+  t is done
 9 ! nurs]y4 ,:]e did ! little tree come
 f ^:  top 0 cut (f aft] ! fir/ bud 0   
set8 ,x came f a se$2 j  any apple se$4 
,& :]e d apple se$s come f8 ,f apples8  
,yes1  j any apples4 ,did y ev] make    
cid] on y\r f>m8 ,y put 9 :ole  apples1 
sk91 core1 /em1 se$s1 & all2 %ovell$ !m 
into !  hopp]4 ,! pulp 0 squeez$ dry &  

?r[n away1 wasn't x1 at y\r  cid] mill8 
,t is pro( ( ! wa/efulness ( "s good    
f>m]s4 ,if  ! pulp 7 wa%$ 9 tubs1 ! se$s
 w\ld f9d ! bottom 7or !  top7 & !y w\ld
 br+ a good price p] p\nd4              
,,collect+ ,,*ri/mas ,,gre5s    ,once ^u
 a "t ev]ybody :o want$ ,*ri/mas gre5s  
_h ! fun (  ga!r+ 8 own4 ,t 0 9 !       
g5]ation :5 all ! gr&mo!rs  liv$ 9 !    
c\ntry & only ! pla9 fa!rs & mo!rs &    
*ildr5 liv$ 9 ! cities4 ,b n[ we *ildr5 
h gr[n up &  our *ildr5 want to g to    
gr&mo!r's h\se = ,*ri/mas j z  we did4  
,c't y imag9e h[ surpris$ & disappo9t$  
!y are to  f9d _! gr&mo!rs liv+ 9 city  
h\ses1 ev5 9 flats8 ,didn't  we tell !m 
ab\t go+ out to ga!r holly & mi/letoe & 
gr\nd  p9e & hemlock & ev5 h[ we us$ to 
cut ! ,*ri/mas tree itself  9 gr&pa's   
woods8 ,9 ! middle ,we/ :]e ,*ri/mas    
trees d n  gr[ 9 ! woods we us$ to *oose
 a %apely "y oak4 ,to make x  look l an 
ev]gre5 we us$ to get gr&pa to g out ) 8
 big  jack-knife & cut (f ! l>ge/       
bran*es he c\ld sp>e f !  ev]gre5s 9 !  

door y>d4 ,) good1 /rong tw9e we ti$ ^! 
to ! bran*es ( ! oak4 ,:5 all !         
decorations 7 on & !  oranges & ! apples
 & ! popcorn /r+s & ! c&les &  !        
pres5ts1 we *ildr5 :o _h nev] se5 a real
 live ,*ri/mas tree  c\ldn't h told !   
diff]5ce4 ,we didn't ev5 m9d ! fact t   
"s ( ! oak's out] bran*es 7 p9e1 "s 7   
spruce1 "s 7  c$>4 ,x 0 all ev]gre5 to u
 & all ,*ri/massy4 ,we 7 easy to        
please4    ,b n[--alas6 ,! ga!r+ (      
,*ri/mas gre5s has be5  comm]cializ$4 ,x
 has ceas$ to be fun1 & has become a    
bus9ess4 ,!  boys & girls may %>e 9 !   
pr(its & p]haps get "s fun out  ( x if  
!y g ab\t x "r4    ,holly1 :i* ( all !  
,*ri/mas gre5s is ! mo/ popul>1 is a    
h>dy & beautiful tree1 :i* gr[s wild 9  
great numb]s 9 !  ,s\!rn /ates & 9 !    
,*esapeake region4 ,_m c\ntry boys &    
girls make easy ,*ri/mas money f ! holly
 trees 9 _! own  woods4 ,to ^! boys &   
girls ,i want to say ,don't kill ! goose
 t  lays ! gold5 egg4 ,a tree ) f9e     
b]ries on x ?is ye> w1  if treat$ "r1   

produce a good crop aga9 9 a few ye>s4  
,prun+ is  good = a tree1 b brutally    
hack+ its head out de/roys ! tree's     
future1 & ! boy :o does x is n a good   
citiz54    ,holly wood is close gra9$1  
light1 & t\gh & is valuable 9 "s  =ms ( 
cab9et "w4 ,"h is an indu/ry t might be 
develop$ z a  side issue 9 ! holly      
trade4    ,! be/ m>ket calls = holly    
wrea?s4 ,i h a picture ( a girl  (      
f\rte5 :o c make sixty wrea?s 9 a day & 
%e gets six &  a half c5ts = ea*4 ,t is 
good wages = a girl ( h] age1 b  %e mu/ 
get pretty tir$ mak+ wrea?s e m9ute all 
day long4  ,if %e c\ld help h] bro!rs   
ga!r ! holly = "p ( ! "t1  x w\ld be    
easi] on h] back4 ,! wrea?s are made on 
frames (  twigs1 twi/$ into circles1 &  
ti$4 ,"y twigs ( any flexible  %rub are 
us$4 ,somebody has to ga!r ^!4 ,x is a  
wond] t m  holly trees are n plant$ 9   
door y>ds4 ,& w\ldn't x be a good  idea 
= "s boys to beg9 a plantation ( holly  
n[ s !y c reap  ! h>ve/ lat]8 ,holly w n
 g out ( fa%ion 9 a great _m  ye>s4 ,b  

at ! pres5t rate ! supply _c la/4 ,!    
am\nt us$  e ye> is pa/ belief4 ,f "o   
small railway /ation #aej1jjj  wrea?s6  
,"o ye>1 sev]al c>loads 7 burn$ because 
! m>ket 0  ov]/ock$4    ,! "t has come  
already :5 rais+ ,*ri/mas trees is      
necess>y4  ,!y /ill come up l we$s 9 !  
woods :]e en\gh mature ones  are left to
 se$ ! b>$ hillsides4 ,! h>ve/ beg9s 9  
,novemb]  & ! trees are cut & sort$1    
rop$ to pres]ve _! bran*es1  9 bundles (
 eight or less or s+ly1 & /ack$ along ! 
roads  to await %ipm5t4 ,hundr$s ( ?\s&s
 are h>ve/$ e ye>4  ,no-,*ri/mas-tree   
clubs are be+ =m$ n[ to try to /op ?is  
wa/efulness4 ,we g too mu* to extremes4 
,"o ,*ri/mas tree us$ to be  en\gh = all
 ! gr&*ildr52 b n[adays e "o mu/ h 8    
own4 ,if our *ildr5's *ildr5 are to h   
real ,*ri/mas trees !  boys ( to-day mu/
 plant ! se$s ( ! belov$ balsam fir4    
,! man :o discov]s & makes popul> a new 
k9d ( ,*ri/mas gre5s  does ev]ybody a   
good turn4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable        
t5-/rikes  ev] made along ?is l9e 0 a   

sort ( accid5t4 ,a man :o calls  himself
 ,caldwell1 ! woodsman1 describes 8     
exp]i5ce z foll[s3  ,x 0 sev]al weeks   
be=e ,i f\nd ! ev]gre5 t 0 to make  !   
t[n ( ,ev]gre51 ,ala41 fam\s ?r\gh\t !  
decorative _w4  ,w&]+ ?r\gh ! woods "o  
day1 my att5tion 0 attract$ to a        
beautiful gre5 v9e hang+ f ! topmo/ limb
 ( a small dead oak4  ,i caught hold ( !
 v9e & pull$ x d[n1 & 0 mu* a/oni%$  at 
! ease ) :i* x came out ( ! tree1 & !   
fact t x  seem$ 9 no way injur$ by my   
r\gh treatm5t4 ,on c>ry+ x to  my new   
home1 ,i arrang$ x ar\nd ! mirror 9 my  
room1 &1 aft]  leav+ x !re = ab\t a week
 or t5 days1 f\nd t x 0 z  fre% & gre5 z
 ev]4    ,mr4 ,caldwell saw t 9 wild    
,s\!rn smilax he _h f\nd a plant t      
possess$ all ! good po9ts requir$ =     
:olesale decorations4 ,x  is us$ ev]y:]e
 n[4 ,city flori/s _c get en\gh ( x4 ,! 
plant is a p]5nial1 r5ew+ itself e ye>1 
& gr[s 9 greate/  pr(usion 9 its wild   
habitat4 ,he _h an uphill job1 ?\gh1    
conv9c+  ! fa%ionable flori/s ( ! value 

( ?is plant4 ,b he p]sev]$  & n[ he %ips
 five ?\s& cases ( x a ye> at an av]age 
pr(it  ( "o doll> p] case4    ,"y       
long-leaf p9es gr[ 9 ! ,s\? & are n[ us$
 ext5sively  = ,*ri/mas decoration 9 !  
,nor?4 ,x seems a pity to kill a p9e    
tree e "t "o ( ^! is cut1 b 9 places :]e
 ! se$l+s  come up too ?ick = good =e/  
gr[? cutt+ out "s is a b5efit4  ,if only
 ! ga!r]s w\ld be cons]v]s z well6    ,!
 collect+ ( f]ns 9 ! woods is a bus9ess 
suit$ to !  c\ntry boys & girls4 ,?is   
has gr[n to a really great ent]prise    
s9ce ! rage = c\ntry ?+s has /ruck city 
p4 ,!re is  "s %am ab\t e fad ( ?is k9d1
 b ! f]n ga!r]s are n  %amm+4 ,!y d !   
real "w4 ,to succe$ 9 ?is1 "o mu/ n "w  
haphaz>d4 ,he mu/ "k j :at 8 cu/om]     
wants1 & ! buy]  mu/ "k j :at !         
collector c supply4 ,f]ns is a big gr\p 
(  plants1 & "s ( !m y c\ldn't sell4 ,if
 ,*ri/mas f]ns gr[  pl5tifully 9 y\r    
woods1 y c ga!r !m by ! ?\s& fronds4  ,b
 w ! flori/ buy ^? leaves :i* h ! br[n  
spots 7or  spores7 on ! "u side8 ,f9d   

out be=e y wa/e y\r "t4 ,^?  spores are 
m valuable 9 ! woods ?an on ! g>bage    
heap4 ,!  boys :o pull ! plants up by ! 
roots are kill+ _! own goose4  ,! f]n c 
sp>e all ! p]fect leaves y f9d on x 9 ! 
fall  )\t mu* if any damage4 ,a new crop
 w be =?com+ next ye>  if ! roots are   
undi/urb$4 ,scissors & c>e us$ 9 ga!r+  
only  good leaves w pay n[1 z well z 9 !
 future4    ,!re are a numb] ( wild ?+s 
t des]ve m popul>ity4  ,bitt]-sweet is  
lovely & la/s =ev]1 ne>ly4 ,y seldom see
 x  9 ! m>ket1 ?\gh4 ,suma* too1 has    
great decorative value1 yet  :oev] saw x
 9 a flori/'s w9d[8 ,cattails1 pussy    
will[s1 spice  bu%1 dogwood fl[]s &     
b]ries1 ,solomon's seal1 & a score ( o!r
  wild fl[]s are already 9 use4 ,b !re  
are o!rs y may be able  to introduce to 
city p4 ,x is surpris+ :at !y w buy &   
admire if x comes f ! c\ntry4 ,i rode on
 a suburban c> "o day  beh9d an armful (
 poison ivy4 ,x 0 brilliantly beautiful 
& ,i  suspect ! ga!r] wi%$ ,i _h kept   
/ill :5 ,i told h] :at x  04 ,if %e     

hadn't _h a *ild ) h]1 ,i %\ld h let h] 
risk x4  ,maybe %e 0 immune4 ,mo/ p are4
 ,! funnie/ ?+ ,i ev] saw  = sale 0 a   
basket ( skunk-cabbage fl[]s on         
,broadway4 ,! %rewd  old f>m] :o _h !m =
 sale got a qu>t] = two4 ,he call$ !m   
,japanese lilies4    ,i wond] t ! w9t]  
b]ry has n f\nd m fav\r =  decoration4  
,two k9ds ( %rubs ) ?is "n are common 9 
our  ,nor!rn woods4 ,!y are bo? hollies1
 b1 unlike ! ,s\!rn holly1  lose _!     
leaves4 ,"o has bright orange-col\r$    
b]ries1 ! o!r  is cov]$ ) a great       
pr(usion ( bright sc>let fruits4 ,no?+  
c\ld be m effective 9 a l>ge vase 9 a   
d>k corn]4 ,!y light up  h&somely at    
night or 9 ! sunlight4      ,,m$ic9al   
,,plants    ,!re are a good _m k9ds (   
aromatic roots & m$ic9al plants  :i* are
 kept 9 /ock at drug /ores4 ,"s ( !m are
 r>e & br+  a good price2 l gold5 seal  
at a doll> or ov] p] p\nd4 ,digitalis  9
 ! drug /ore is foxglove 9 ! g>d52 b :o 
ev] ?9ks (  ga!r+ its leaves & f9d+ a   
m>ket = !m8 ,somebody mu/ or  ! supply  

w\ld run out4 ,! leaves ( ! second ye>'s
 gr[? are  dri$ = m$ic9al uses4    ,wild
 g+] root is us$ 9 pres]ves & =         
confection]y4 ,i h  se5 x 9 m>ket &     
wond]$ :o ga!r$ x4 ,pres]v$ calamus     
root1  too2 :o buys t unless x is ,br'er
 ,rabbit8 ,!re is a ,bullet9  ( !       
,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture on ,we$s ,us$ 9
 ,m$ic9e t  y ought to h4 ,! li/ ( we$s 
us$ 9 m$ic9e w c]ta9ly  surprise !      
un5light5$4 ,h[ d y "k t y\r doctor     
isn't  dos+ y ) burdock1 d&elion1 dock1 
pokewe$1 foxglove1 mulle91  tansy1      
boneset1 catnip1 horeh\nd1 fleabane1    
y>r[1 or jimson we$8  ,all ^! & _m m    
common we$s are collect$ by somebody1   
dri$1  & us$ 9 m$ic9e4      ,,pokewe$   
,pokewe$ roots are poison\s4 ,! b]ries  
are n4 ,!y are us$ to  make a syrup )   
:i* to col\r fro/+ = cakes & ! l4       
,receipts = ?is are to be f\nd 9 _m cook
 books4 ,b ! be/  "p ( pokewe$ is n !   
fruit4 ,9 e>ly spr+1 :5 asp>agus is     
exp5sive & sc>ce1 ! pokewe$ %oots gr[   
rank & z ?ick z  y\r ?umb 9 f5ce corn]s4

 ,!y w take entire possession ( a  l>ge 
g>d5 9 two ye>s if giv5 ! lea/          
enc\ragem5t4 ,i cut !  /ems :5 ab\t a   
foot 9 height4 ,!y are cov]$ ) %ort     
leaves  :i* are be/ remov$ except at !  
end ( ! %oot4 ,cook exactly  l asp>agus1
 & dress ) butt] or cream4 ,!y resemble 
asp>agus  some:at1 b are m delicate 9   
flav\r & less woody 9 texture4          
,,walk+ ,,/icks    ,i once knew a       
/ubborn man :o 0 conv9c$ t an           
unproductive  or*>d full ( old gn>l$    
trees on 8 place 0 good = no?+  b       
firewood4 ,he _h ! trunks cut into /ove 
l5g?s & !n burn$  ! bru% 9 t5 huge      
piles4 ,z ! la/ pile 0 ab\t to be fir$1 
a  manufactur] ( umbrella h&les (f]$ him
 t5 doll>s = :at 0  left4 ,imag9e 8     
feel+s6 ,?\s&s ( h&some walk+ /icks &   
umbrella h&les are made ( apple1 *]ry1 &
 su* woods4 ,! mak]s  _c get en\gh ( x &
 yet e ye> h[ mu* salable wood mu/  be  
burn$ 9 ! =m ( prun+s4 ,!re is a true   
/ory ( a "y man  9 ,florida :o paid 8   
way ?r\gh college by collect+ orange    

wood  suitable = walk+ /icks4 ,?is wood 
is /ill popul> = ! same  purpose1 & !   
idea is wor? pass+ along4    ,roots (   
qua9t or grotesque %ape are (t5 f\nd 9 !
 woods & may  be us$ z h&les ( umbrellas
 or walk+ /icks4 ,i h a /ick made  ( a  
small sapl+ ^u :i* a bran* ( bitt]-sweet
 _h entw9$4  ,z ! sapl+ grew 9          
circumf]5ce1 ! coils ( ! climb] _h n    
be5 loos5$ b _h become imb$d$ 9 ! wood (
 ! little tree4  ,! long v9e 0 n cut (f1
 b trimm$ & w\nd r\nd & r\nd  at ! head 
( ! /ick to make x l>ge en\gh to grasp  
com=tably4  ,su* a /ick is an int]e/+   
gift = a fri5d4    ,illu/ration3 ,walk+ 
/icks decorat$ by nature    ,ano!r      
pretty bit ( nature's h&iwork is a walk+
 /ick engrav$ by  ! engrav] beetle4 ,^! 
little insects make _! burr[s j "u  !   
b>k & !y (t5 "w on small bran*es ( a    
great v>iety (  =e/ trees4 ,remove a bit
 ( loose b>k & t5 to "o y w f9d  x c>v$ 
) a m or less intricate design by !     
engrav] beetle4  ,c\ld y d z neat a     
piece ( "w8 ,a ?or\gh bru%+ & oil+  are 

all t su* a /ick ne$s to make x an      
ornam5t to ! hat-rack4    ,/icks int5d$ 
= h&les or canes _c be b5t :5 dry4 ,!y  
%\ld be /eam$ until flexible or buri$ 9 
hot1 wet s& till y  c %ape !m4 ,boil+ = 
a half-h\r w sometimes make a piece     
supple4 ,fa/5 9 ! desir$ %ape ) /\t     
cords & dry ?or\ghly  be=e releas+4     
,/icks t are slightly crook$ may be     
/raight5$  by putt+ !m into a bundle )  
p]fectly /raight pieces &  w9d+ ) /rong 
rope2 let !m dry 9 ?is bundle4 ,/icks   
:i*  are to be peel$ %\ld be p>tially   
dri$ fir/ b n by artificial  heat4      
,rapid dry+ is likely to split ! /ick4  
,,wild ,,fl[]s ,,= ,,city ,,*ildr5      
,*ildr5 :o live 9 ! c\ntry "p or all ( !
 ye> d n "k  h[ mu* pleasure !y might   
give if !y w\ld ga!r wild fl[]s  & s5d  
!m to city *ildr54 ,!re is a society :i*
 di/ributes  fl[]s ?us collect$ 9 ,new  
,york b maybe !re is none 9 !  city ne> 
y4 ,! commone/ fl[]s1 ev5 ! we$s l      
daisies &  d&elions & black-ey$ ,susans1
 are eag]ly tak5 home by *ildr5  :o are 

s poor t !y nev] ev5 saw a p>k1 mu* less
 a mead[4 ,9  "o city s*ool ov] two     
hundr$ *ildr5 _h nev] se5 a d&elion4  ,a
 lady once />t$ ) a bun* ( daisies to   
give to a city fri5d4  ,%e 0 met at !   
f]ry )1 ,please give me a fl[]4 ,%e w5t 
on  up ! /reet4 ,won't *u gimme "o o'y] 
fl[]s8 ,*ildr5 seem$ to  appe> f e      
direction2 maybe !y 7 always !re & %e _h
  n notic$ !m be=e4 ,! gr[n-up fri5d did
 n get any fl[]s  b %e got a good /ory  
in/ead4 ,mr4 ,jacob ,riis f\nd$ a fl[]  
mission on a simil> exp]i5ce4 ,x is fun 
to ga!r fl[]s anyh[1  & if y c make "s  
o!r *ild happy ev5 = a few m9utes x     
w\ld be ev5 m fun4 ,?is is only a h9t4  
,,%elf ,,fungi    ,h y se5 ^? outgr[?s  
on dy+ & dead trees :i* /& out  l a     
%elf8 ,!y are call$ bracket or %elf     
fungi4 ,if y h an  arti/ fri5d :o c make
 beautiful ?+s on ^! by c>v+ !m  )      
little engrav+ tools1 ga!r all y see =  
h]4    ,illu/ration3 ,photograph by     
,v]ne ,morton4 ,ga!r+ ,wild ,fl[]s =    
,city ,*ildr5      ,,d&elion ,,gre5s    

,d y\r folks cook d&elion gre5s8 ,m9e   
nev] did b s9ce see+  !m = sale at s mu*
 p] half-peck ,i h come to ?9k t !y  mu/
 be eatable & h wi%$ we _h ga!r$ & sold 
! bu%els  t grew 9 our lawn4      ,,corn
 ,,husks    ,corn husks is a crop t us$ 
to be m eag]ly h>ve/$ ?an n[4  ,9 ! corn
 belt1 :]e ! husk+ is done 9 ! field1 ! 
husk is  left on ! /alk & w\ld !re=e be 
h>d to get4 ,b :]e corn  is snapp$1 husk
 & all1 & left to be husk$ at leisure 9 
field  or b>n1 ! husks c be sav$ )      
pr(it4 ,= summ] b$s !y are  *eap] & s(t]
 ?an hay4 ,= por* cu%ions !y are f>     
sup]ior  to excelsior4 ,= braid+ into   
mats !y are really valuable1 &          
well-made ones br+ a good price4        
,corn/alks yield ano!r crop t is little 
kn[n4 ,collectors (  insects use ?9     
%eets ( corn/alk pi? to l9e _! insect   
boxes4  ,x is peculi>ly adapt$ to ?is   
purpose4 ,!y _c get a l>ge  supply ( x1 
yet :at boy 9 any great corn /ate c\ld n
 get a ton  ( x if he _h ! gumption4    
,ask ! entomology man 9 y\r /ate        

,exp]im5t ,/ation1 if he ne$s corn/alk  
pi?4 ,if y live 9 a cactus  c\ntry1 ask 
him if he c\ld use ?9 slices ( ! pi? f !
  fl[] /alk ( ! giant cacti4            
,,fragrant ,,h]bs ,,& ,,grasses    ,( ! 
fragrant h]bs1 grasses1 & %rubs :i*     
nature provides1  no?+ is m 9 dem& ?an  
sweet grass4 ,9 ! p>ts ( ! c\ntry  :]e x
 is abundant1 p /ill ga!r & cure x &    
make useful  baskets & mats ( x4        
,sometimes x is comb9$ ) bir* b>k or    
porcup9e quills or bo? by skilful       
,indian wom5 :o le>n$ h[ f  _! gr&mo!rs4
 ,! good m>ket = su* ?+s w keep ! art  (
 basket mak+ f becom+ a lo/ "o4         
,indian maid5s are n ! only ones :o h   
le>n$ basket weav+4  ,inde$ ?is has     
almo/ tak5 ! place ( pat*work1 = girls1 
except  9 v old-fa%ion$ families4 ,clev]
 girls w n be cont5t to use  only su*   
conv5tional mat]ials z raffia & re$s4   
,(t5 ! col\rs  ( ^? y buy are s crude t 
y _c make really arti/ic  ?+s ( !m4 ,"s 
( ! native grasses1 fl[] /alks1 /rips ( 
palmetto1 ru%es1 s(t inn] corn husks1   

cat-tail leaves1 & s$ges  are us$4 ,"o  
basket mak] has us$ ! %9y br[n /ems (   
maid5hair  f]ns & ! effect is v pretty4 
,ano!r uses long p9e ne$les 9  h] weav+4
 ,mo/ ( ^! mat]ials are unfit = use :5  
dry &  brittle1 b books on basketry tell
 j h[ !y c be made pliable4  ,grasses   
are usually at _! be/ j aft] fl[]+4     
,! dri$ leaves ( sweet f]n1 sweet clov] 
9 blossom1 balsam fir1  & bayb]ry make  
sweet smell+ cu%ions & bags = bureau    
draw]s  & c\*es4      ,,balsam ,,leaves 
,9 ga!r+ :at y he> call$ p9e ne$les =   
pill[s be sure  y h ! "r k9d ( trees    
be=e y beg9 to ga!r ! leaves4  ,p9e     
ne$les are long & /iff & %>p4 ,a pill[  
made ( dri$  ones w\ld n be a v fragrant
 nor a v com=table ?+4 ,:at  y want is !
 %ort1 s(t leaves ( balsam fir4 ,^!     
reta9 _!  :olesome od\r aft] be+ dri$4  
,9 five m9utes y c le>n to  tell !      
balsam f spruce1 hemlock1 & c$>1 ! o!r  
common  %ort-leav$ native ev]gre5s4     
,,bir* ,,b>k    ,camp+ p>ties (t5 leave 
a trail ( deva/ation beh9d !m :i*  w\ld 

%ock ! mo/ h>d5$ & wa/eful "o ( ! lot4  
,?is is  l>gely if n entirely because !y
 are ignorant1 n because !y  are        
int5tionally break]s ( ! laws ( ! woods4
 ,inde$ !y are  probably v ard5t        
believ]s 9 ! !ory ( cons]vation4 ,has x 
nev] occurr$ to !m to practise x8    ,9 
! matt] ( collect+ bir* b>k mu* damage  
has be5 done4  ,"s p 9 :om y h confid5ce
 say3 ,oh1 no4 ,x doesn't hurt  ! tree4 
,s y /rip (f lay] aft] lay]2 su* a      
fasc9at+  occupation1 ,i d n wond] y    
h>dly "k :5 to /op4 ,b read :at  ,miss  
,rog]s says 9 ,! ,tree ,book3 ,! fem99e 
t\ri/ 9 ,nor!rn  woods loses no "t 9    
supply+ h]self ) bir* b>k note-pap]4  ,!
 b>k is usually remov$ 9 ?ick plates1 f 
:i* ! ?9 %eets  may be /ripp$ at        
leisure4 ,^! %eets are orange-col\r$1 ) 
a  fa9t purpli% bloom ^u !m & d>k]      
purpli% l9es4 ,alas6 = !  zeal ( ^!     
t\ri/s4 ,!y usually cut too deep1 & !   
/rip t  te>s (f s ev5ly girdles & kills 
! tree1 because no?+ is left  to protect
 ! liv+ cambium4 ,a black b& 7( m\rn+7  

soon m>ks  ! doom$ tree1 & x ev5tually  
snaps (f 9 ! w9d4    ,i "k a girl :o    
kill$ ?irty-sev5 beautiful bir* trees   
be=e any  "o %[$ h] h[ %e c\ld get pl5ty
 ( b>k & leave "s = !  tree beside4 ,%e 
0 p]fectly horrifi$ :5 %e realiz$ :at %e
 _h  done4 ,s few p "k t ! live "p ( !  
tree is n at !  he>t--t is q dead--b j  
"u ! sk94 ,cut (f ! b>k 9  any l>ge     
quantities & y\r tree falls an easy prey
 to disease4    ,hiawa?a 0 n ! fir/     
,indian to use ! canoe bir* = practical 
purposes4 ,8 ance/ors us$ ?is b>k = all 
sorts ( ut5sils1  di%es1 baskets1       
buckets1 & = _! canoes4 ,!y sew$ !      
pieces  toge!r ) fibr\s roots & fill$ ! 
cracks ) wild gum  or pit*4 ,! ,indians 
( n[adays h deg5]at$ & ! ?+s  !y make h 
become less arti/ic4 ,i lately saw a    
bucksk9 p\*1  decorat$ ) exquisitely    
wov5 bead "w1 9 simple b *>m+  design4  
,x 0 a piece ( real ,indian h&iwork1 b !
 :ole effect  0 spoil$ by a l9+ ( co>se 
r$ & blue & gre5 g+ham &  ! p\* flap 0  
secur$ by a ?ong loop$ ov] a l>ge :ite  

agate  %irt button6    ,9 try+ to       
imitate ! ,indians at _! game ( mak+ ?+s
 out  ( bir* b>k1 quills1 sweet grass1 &
 o!r natural mat]ials1 let  u keep cle> 
( ! %ops & use only :at comb9es         
naturally &  arti/ically4               
,,porcup9e ,,quills    ,give me ( y\r   
quills1 ,o h$gehog6 ,hiawa?a 0 talk+ to 
a  porcup9e1 = ! *ances are t he nev]   
saw a h$gehog4 ,poets  ought to "k bett]
 ?an to confuse _! critt]s4    ,a real  
,indian boy 9 ! woods kn[s t porcup9es  
give up _!  quills all too will+ly4 ,x  
is /range t ! wild bea/s ( prey  & !    
dome/ic dogs _c le>n ?is & let !        
porcup9e alone4  ,!y h no qu>rel ) him4 
,he eats ! b>k ( trees1 & goes  ab\t 8  
own affairs4 ,!re isn't a ^w ( tru? 9 ! 
/ory ( 8  %oot+ 8 quills4 ,no d\bt he   
w\ld if he c\ld1 if sore press$1  b he  
c't4 ,he bri/les !m up :5 attack$ & !n  
woe be to  ! t5d] nose t t\*es ! %>p    
po9ts6 ,! quills let g (  _! orig9al    
own] v easily1 b be+ b>b$ on _! out] end
  !y bury !mselves 9 ! s(t p>ts ( !     

attack+ animal4 ,)  no ?\ght ( rev5ge 9 
8 r witless head1 ! porcup9e may        
pron\nce ! dea? s5t5ce on 8 captor4     
,porcup9es are hunt$ = _! quills &      
easily captur$ by m5 z  !y are sl[ &    
awkw>d4 ,! quills take a pretty poli% & 
_!  cream :ite & %ad$ br[n col\rs bl5d  
s(tly ) ! t9ts (  bir* b>k & wild       
grasses ) :i* !y are comb9$ by basket & 
mat weav]s4      ,,maple ,,sug> ,,mak+  
,mo/ ( ! fifty million or s p\nds (     
maple sug> made 9 ?is  c\ntry is made 9 
six /ates1 ,v]mont1 ,new ,york1 ,ohio1  
,mi*igan1  ,p5nsylvania1 & ,new         
,hamp%ire4 ,! boys & girls ( ^! /ates  h
 exceptional opportunities ( /udy+ !    
my/]ies ( tree life  & ( %>+ ! b\nty !  
maples provide4 ,i 0 n br\ght up  9 any 
"o ( ! above-nam$ /ates1 yet ,i rememb] 
! maple sug>  mak+ 9 ! woods along !    
riv]4 ,"o ( my e>ly recollections is  ( 
a p>ty ( ,indian wom51 on piebald       
ponies1 br++ fasc9at+  he>t-%ap$ cakes (
 maple sug> to ex*ange at ! f>m = fre%  
meat4 ,!irs 7 no pale1 anmic1 delicate  

squ>es ( creamy texture1  b ruddy & h>d4
 ,less discrim9at+ ?an n[1 we *ildr5 ate
 )  reli% ! co>se sug> almo/ black f !  
bits ( b>k1 *ips (  leaves1 & twigs :i* 
_h und\bt$ly be5 boil$ ) x4 ,nor did we 
innoc5ts turn f x ) loa?+ :5 told by a  
teas+ uncle t  its col\r 0 due to !     
sirup hav+ be5 /ra9$ by ! ,indians      
?r\gh _! blankets4 ,we didn't believe x 
!n & ,i don't yet4 ,h[  v bad = !       
blankets6    ,! ,indians discov]$ !     
maple sug> indu/ry long be=e !y         
!mselves 7 discov]$ by :ite p4 ,!y      
taught our ,new  ,engl& ance/ors h[ to  
tap ! trees & boil d[n ! sirup & h[  to 
sug> (f4 ,!y _h little or no sug> except
 :at ! maples  suppli$4 ,! ,indians _h v
 primitive ways ( tapp+ ! trees1        
collect+ ! sap1 boil+1 & sug>+4 ,^! ways
 h be5  improv$ 9 ! la/ ?ree hundr$     
ye>s4 ,al?\gh wood5 buckets &  home-made
 spiles made ( suma* bran*es may /ill be
 us$ :]e only a  few trees are tapp$1 ! 
up-to-date sug> mak] has mod]n1 pat5t1  
cov]$ buckets1 sp\ts1 & evaporators4 ,he

 uses a !rmomet] &  kn[s = sure :5 to   
%ut (f 8 fire if he wants to make sirup1
  & h[ high ! temp]ature may g to make !
 be/ sug>4 ,he kn[s1  too1 :e!r he c    
af=d to make sug> :i* te/s eighty p]    
c5t4  or n9ety p] c5t4 pure & get !     
b\nty1 if 8 /ate pays "o1 or  if x co/s 
him less lab\r & exp5se to sell 8 entire
 product 9  ! =m ( sirup4    ,b         
sci5tific me?ods c nev] take away ! *>m 
( maple sug>  mak+4 ,!re is s mu* yet to
 be le>n$ f ! trees ab\t !  :ys & :]e=es
 ( _! behavi\r dur+ ! h>ve/1 t our      
int]e/ 9 maple products increases z our 
int]e/ 9 m]e sweets  decreases4    ,if y
 h a sug> bu% plant$ by y\r             
great-gr&fa!r1 !  *ances are t y h _h   
annual opportunities to help 9 mak+     
sug>1 ev] s9ce y c\ld drive a horse on  
fro/y morn+s to collect  ! sap4 ,b ,i am
 go+ to suppose t dur+ ! w9t] y h  be5  
read+ ,trees ,e ,*ild ,%\ld ,"k & h be5 
id5tify+  ! trees ab\t y\r home4 ,!     
maples are ab\t ! easie/ trees to       
id5tify :5 leafless4 ,suppose y h f\nd  

sev]al maple trees1  good big ones1 "r 9
 y\r own door y>d4 ,! h>d or sug> maple 
is  ! "o mo/ frequ5tly us$ = sug> mak+1 
b exp]im5ts %[  t s(t maples make good  
sug> too4 ,x isn't wor? :ile to tap     
trees  9 w9t]4 ,! sug> is 9 !m all "r   
because ! leaves 7  /or+ up ! />* all   
summ]4 ,?is />* has be5 *ang$ to sug>  9
 ! liv+ cells ( ! wood4 ,b y c\ldn't get
 any ( x until  ! sap beg9s to run4 ,x  
does ?is ) ! fir/ w>m1 sunny days (     
,febru>y4    ,aft] locat+ all ! trees y 
expect to tap1 y mu/ make "s            
prep>ations s t y w n lose any "t at !  
critical mom5t4  ,i knew "o boy :o got 8
 bit & brace out ! fir/ ?+1 bor$  a hole
 9 ! tree trunk1 & lo/ ab\t a gallon (  
sap be=e he  c\ld get a spile & a pail  
ready to cat* x4 ,y want a spile or     
sp\t = e pail & a pail = e tree4 ,!     
pat5t sp\ts h  a hook ^u :i* ! bucket   
hangs4 ,if y use suma* spiles y may  h  
to set ! bucket on ! gr\nd :]e x is     
likely to get dirt 9  x1 tip ov]1 & x is
 s f> f ! spile t ! w9d bl[s !  sap away

 f ! pail entirely4 ,! pails %\ld be    
g5]\s 9 size  unless y expect to collect
 ! sap m ?an once a day4 ,an av]age     
yield p] day is five qu>ts p] hole4 ,!  
pails & spiles %\ld be  9 read9ess be=e 
sug> wea!r beg9s4 ,beside ! pails &     
sp\ts  y ne$ a wood5 mallet1 & a bit &  
brace or small aug] = !  outdoor "w2 a  
kettle = boil+ d[n1 a l>ge j> to put !  
fre%  sap 91 & a dipp] to dip x out1 a  
/ra9] & a skimm] = !  indoor "w4 ,if y  
boil y\r sap outdoors us+ *eap fuel y w 
make m out ( y\r ent]prise ?an if y use 
coal or gas4 ,a good  sap-runn+ day is a
 w>m1 sunny day aft] a fro/y night4     
,:ile !  days & nights are ab\t ! same  
temp]ature ! sap does n run  mu*4    ,! 
be/ place to tap a tree is ab\t f\r feet
 f ! gr\nd1 &  =tunately t is ! easie/  
place to "w ) ! aug] or bit4  ,! bit    
%\ld be bright & %>p2 a dull1 ru/y bit  
makes a %abby  hole 9 ! wood ) a lot (  
woody %r$s :i* clog ! fl[ ( sap4  ,clean
 out ! hole1 z any *ips left 9 /op ! fl[
 9 ! same  way4 ,! bit or aug] us$ %\ld 

be ab\t "o half in* 9 diamet]4  ,a bigg]
 hole might give m sap b w\ld injure !  
tree m4 ,!  tree fills up ! small] hole 
9 a few ye>s ) new tissue4 ,!  hole %\ld
 n be deep] ?an ?ree in*es4 ,x is a     
mi/ake to ?9k  t ! c5tre ( ! tree holds 
! sap4 ,z a matt] ( fact !re  is less   
!re ?an any:]e else & m z y ne> !       
surface4 ,!  liv+1 active "p ( ! tree is
 j "u ! b>k4 ,x is necess>y  to say ?is 
ov] & ov] aga9 s t p w get x into _!    
m9ds4 ,! ,indians us$ to tap ! trees on 
! s\? side because  !y said m sap came f
 t side4 ,exp]im5ts %[ t on w>m1  sunny 
days1 ?is is ! case4 ,on cl\dy days1    
h[ev]1 sap comes ab\t  equally f holes  
on all sides4 ,if ! trees h be5 tapp$   
be=e1  x is be/ to tap at "s di/ance f !
 old places4 ,! size ( !  aug] & spile  
%\ld be ! same & ! latt] %\ld be =c$ 9  
tightly1 & n fall out :5 ! pail is full4
    ,pure sap makes ! cle>e/ sirup & !  
lighte/-col\r$ sug>4  ,e bit ( du/1     
leaves1 twigs1 or b>k t gets into ! pail
  leaves its m>k on ! sug> ev5 ?\gh     

/ra9$ out4 ,s cov]s on  ! pails are     
pref]r$ if "o c af=d !m4 ,mo/ ( ! sap   
runs  betwe5 n9e o'clock 9 ! morn+ &    
noon4 ,x has be5 f\nd by  te/s t ?is    
morn+ sap has m sug> 9 x ?an t :i* runs 
lat] 9 ! day4 ,x is ! cu/om 9 "s places 
to ?r[ away ! ice  if ! sap freezes4    
,?is is v wa/eful1 = ?is ice conta9s    
ab\t  ?irty p] c5t4 ( ! sug>4 ,( c\rse1 
melt+ ice is exp5sive  bus9ess s "o mu/ 
try n to let 8 sap freeze4 ,! sap 9 !   
/orage j> or tank mu/ n be all[$ to get 
w>m1 ?\gh1 z x may  s\r4 ,x %\ld be     
boil$ z soon aft] ga!r+ z possible to   
ensure  be/ results4    ,maple sap      
conta9s o!r +r$i5ts beside wat] & sug>4 
,9  boil+1 ! wat] passes (f 9 /eam & !  
sug> & o!r solids  rema94 ,! *anges 9   
col\r f cle> sap to d>k br[n sug> is    
caus$ by ! action ( ! heat ^u ! sug> &  
o!r sub/ances4  ,all sug> mak]s "k t !  
lighte/ col\r$ sirup & sug> c  be made f
 ! e>lie/ run ( sap4 ,t is because1 z ! 
season  advances1 m ( ! lime1 pota%1    
magnesia1 & o!r sub/ances are  pres5t 9 

! sap4 ,y see ! tree does n /op "w j    
because  y tap x2 & ! sap is *ang+ e day
 until1 by ! "t !  buds beg9 to op51 !  
sap is s *ang$ t x does n make good     
sug> at all4    ,wat] boils :5 x rea*es 
two hundr$ & twelve degrees1 ,fahr5heit1
  z any !rmomet] w tell y4 ,9 fact1 y _c
 heat wat]  hott] ?an two hundr$ &      
twelve degrees1 = at t temp]ature  !    
wat] becomes /eam4 ,a mixture ( sug> &  
wat] w n boil  at two hundr$ & twelve   
degrees b requires a high] temp]ature4  
,!re=e1 z ! wat] passes (f ! sap 9      
boil+1 & z !  am\nt ( sug> p] gallon    
increases1 x gets hott] & hott]4 ,x is  
necess>y to wat* boil+ sap c>efully to  
avoid burn+4 ,9 mak+  sirup x is        
important to h x j ?ick en\gh to ta/e "r
 &  n s ?ick t x w granulate4 ,sirup t  
weighs elev5 p\nds to  ! gallon has long
 be5 consid]$ z j "r1 & x has be5  f\nd 
by te/+ t if y take ! sirup (f ! fire j 
z soon  z ! !rmomet] regi/]s two hundr$ 
& n9ete5 degrees x w  weigh elev5 p\nds 
to ! gallon & w n granulate4 ,if y take 

x (f :5 ! !rmomet] says two hundr$ &    
sixte5 degrees y\r  sirup w be a pretty 
fair article1 b y _c expect to get z    
good a price = x1 because x has m wat] 9
 x ?an !re %\ld  be 9 a prime article4  
,:5 ! sirup has boil$ d[n to ne>ly two  
hundr$ & n9ete5  degrees1 x is necess>y 
to p\r x (f or /ra9 x ?r\gh ?ick  clo?s 
to take out ! d>k-col\r$ impurities4    
,aft] ?is ! sirup  is heat$ aga9 to     
boil+ po9t & seal$ 9 j>s or cans4    ,a 
gallon ( sirup w make betwe5 eight & t5 
p\nds ( sug>4  ,c y af=d to make y\r    
sirup into sug> at ?is rate8 ,x w  dep5d
 ^u ! relative price ( sug> & sirup1 !  
co/ ( y\r  fuel & ! value ( y\r "t &    
:e!r y\r m>ket wants sug> or  sirup4    
,!re is a good & increas+ dem& = pure   
maple products1  especially 9 ! =m (    
confection]y4 ,if y c "w up a m>ket  =  
fancy maple sug> 9 ! =m ( bonbons x w   
br+ a fancy  price4 ,?is is n s h>d z x 
s\nds b x takes ent]prise &  gumption & 
p]sev]ance & knack4 ,"h is a job :]e    
bro!rs &  si/]s c "w toge!r to v great  

advantage & add to _!  /ore ( college   
money by discov]+ & h>ve/+ a crop "r at 
home :i* 9 _m cases has be5 neglect$ =  
decades4 ,if y h  city c\s9s !y w help y
 sell y\r products among _! mates4  ,x w
 pay y to prep>e small sample p>cels1   
en\gh to :et !  appetite b n en\gh to   
satisfy4 ,i rememb] receiv+ a numb] (   
packages ( maple cream f a ,v]mont      
fri5d4 ,! price p] p\nd  0 equal to t ( 
! f9e/ c&y & ,i want$ to %>e ) all  my  
fri5ds4 ,b ,i c\ldn't af=d to give away 
p\nd packages to  ev]ybody4 ,i might h  
creat$ a l>ge dem& = ?is delici\s       
confection]y1 _h ,i be5 able to get     
sample packages to give to  fri5ds4 ,?is
 ye> ,i am to h !m4    ,x adds          
wond]fully to ! attractiv5ess ( maple   
sug> to h ea*  cake or bonbon wrapp$ 9  
its own piece ( wax$ pap]4 ,?is is a k9d
  ( gu>antee ( da9ty h&l+ t is          
appreciat$ by ! pur*as]4  ,a %oe box is 
h>dly a da9ty p>cel1 yet ,i "k ( "o     
unimag9ative  maple sug> man :o packs 8 
cakes 9 j su* boxes4 ,!re is a  *ance = 

"s "o to make a hit 9 ?is l9e4          
,,wild ,,rice    ,wild rice sells = two 
or ?ree times ! price ( ord9>y rice &  !
 supply nev] meets ! dem&4    ,b :o     
wants x & :at =8    ,wild rice is n     
likely to become a popul> breakfa/ food 
except  among ! ,ojibways1 yet a lot (  
"t & ef=t h be5 sp5t on  try+ to f9d out
 h[ to gr[ crops ( x4 ,! reason = ?is is
  t no?+ fatt5s wild ducks1 geese1 & o!r
 game birds q s  satisfactorily4 ,:]e ! 
wild rice fl\ri%es !re is ! hunt]'s     
p>adise 9 ,septemb]4 ,?is is reason     
en\gh = want+ to gr[ wild  rice4 ,:5 our
 true ,am]ican sportsm5 awoke to ! fact 
t game 0  sc>ce & realiz$ :y1 !y set    
ab\t protect+ ! wild f[l &  /udy+ _!    
habits s z to bett] supply ideal        
conditions = !  remnant to increase4    
,?is is cons]vation & boys t help 9 su* 
ent]prises are truly patriotic citiz5s4 
,wild rice gr[s 9 swamps1 %all[ lakes1 &
 sluggi% riv]s cov]+  imm5se areas 9 !  
,mississippi ,valley & ! middle         
,nor?-we/]n  /ates4 ,mud is a necessity 

to its gr[?4 ,x gr[s tall] ?an a man's  
height above ! wat] & its se$ comes 9 a 
loose spray at ! v  top ( ea* /alk4 ,!  
plants die e ye> & new ones come up f   
se$4 ,! gra9 beg9s to rip5 e>ly 9       
,septemb] & keeps on until  heavy fro/s4
 ,?is is all "r = ducks b x makes h>ve/+
 a  v difficult task4 ,! ,indian wom5 ( 
! wild rice regions g out  & %ake !     
heads ov] _! boats4 ,!y h to g aga9 &   
aga94  ,if !y left x till all ! gra9 _h 
rip5$ !y w\ld get v  little se$1 because
 ! wild rice falls z soon z x is ripe & 
lies  9 ! mud till spr+4 ,! long-hid    
secret ( ! _m failures to get  wild rice
 to gr[ f se$ 0 discov]$ by "s sci5ti/  
to be ?is  habit ( ly+ 9 ! mud ov] w9t]4
 ,?or\ghly dri$ se$ does n  g]m9ate4    
,wild rice is que] look+ /uff4 ,! gra9s 
are black & v long  & sl5d]4 ,"s ( !m   
are an in* long4 ,x is said by "s to be 
v good eat+1 especially z prep>$ by !   
,indians4 ,!y p>* x  usually1 b         
sometimes x is made into a sort (       
porridge & eat5  ) maple sug>4          

,practically1 ! be/ m>ket = wild rice w 
always be among/  ! wild f[l & x is a   
sportsman-l act to ga!r ! se$ &         
propagate x = _! sake4      ,,ga!r+     
,,spruce ,,gum    ,if spruce gum 7 us$  
only 9 ! manufacture ( *ew+-gum  we _h  
mu* bett] let ! crop g unh>ve/$4 ,x     
s]ves a useful  purpose 9 ! tree :i*    
produces x4 ,:5 y h a cut or bruise  y l
 to put some?+ on x t excludes ! air4 ,!
 tree acts  on ! same pr9ciple4 ,! live 
"p ( ! tree is j und]nea?  ! b>k4 ,trees
 are liable to _m k9ds ( injuries4 ,!   
w9t] w9ds  /ra9 !m sometimes to ! po9t (
 splitt+1 a he$less woodsman  blazes !  
b>k 9 pass+1 wild creatures gnaw or     
scrat* ! trunks1  a woodpeck] digs a    
hole ?r\gh ! b>k4 ,any injury ( ! liv+  
lay] is l a hurry call to ! cells :]e ! 
res9 is /or$4  ,^! cells are ! heal?    
dep>tm5t4 ,!y s5d out to ! injur$  "p a 
cov]+ ( balm1 a salve :i* seals ! w\nd  
effectually f  contact ) ! air4 ,we _c  
say t ! tree kn[s t ! air is  full ( !  
g]ms ( decay & t to let !m get a foo?old

 means  decay & sure dea?2 b ! tree has 
some?+ t s]ves ! same  purpose z k4     
,physicians make use ( ! res9\s gums 9  
prep>+ m$ic9es1 &  druggi/s always try  
to keep a /ock ( spruce gum on h&4      
,collectors  f9d _! be/ m>ket = x 9 !   
drug trade4 ,! be/ quality  br+s z high 
z "o doll> & fifty c5ts a p\nd1 :ile "o 
doll>  a p\nd is n too mu* to expect = !
 av]age collection4    ,all ! spruces   
yield gum1 b ! be/ quality is said to   
come f  ! :ite spruce4 ,! fir/ ?+ to d  
!n is to le>n to recognize  ?is tree on 
sight4 ,x w take y & a tree book toge!r 
ab\t  five m9utes to di/+ui% betwe5 !   
?ree %ort-leav$ ev]gre5s  :i* look s mu*
 alike to a novice1 ! firs1 ! hemlocks1 
& !  spruces4 ,:5 once y "k ! spruces by
 ! looks or ! feel1 y  w beg9 to "k !   
:ite f ! r$ & black spruce by !  col\r4 
,ev]y?+ ab\t ! :ite spruce is pal] ?an !
 o!rs4  ,! foliage is light1 almo/      
pea-gre51 & ! b>k is n ruddy b          
grayi%-br[n4 ,!re are ?\s&s ( acres (   
spruce woods 9 our  nor!rn ,c5tral &    

,new ,engl& /ates4 ,boys & girls on     
camp+  trips c sometimes collect spruce 
gum en\gh to pay exp5ses & h  fun do+ x4
 ,! only equipm5t necess>y is a heavy   
pocket knife1 a  gum spud1 a canvas     
sack1 a /rong h&1 & a pair ( %>p eyes4  
,!  eyes w get %>p] z ! knife gets dull 
& ! tree y f\nd  no?+ on 9 ! morn+ ( y\r
 fir/ day may yield a good h>ve/ on  !  
return trip4 ,y w n be able to buy a gum
 spud1 b a t9smi?  c make "o = y at     
small co/1 accord+ to ^! directions3    
,sold] a piece ( galvaniz$ iron into a  
funnel six in*es deep1 ?ree  in*es      
across ! top1 & "o in* 9 diamet] at !   
bottom4 ,a  f]rule two or ?ree in*es    
deep & an in* 9 diamet] is fitt$ into  !
 bottom ( ! funnel & sold]$ 9 tight4    
,fit a long h&le into  ?is affair & y\r 
spud is ready4 ,y may c\nt on a good    
majority (  ! gum y f9d be+ out ( rea* (
 ! knife b ! spud gets x  d[n v         
successfully4    ,! be/ place to f9d    
spruce gum is und\bt$ly 9 woods :]e no  
"o has be5 gumm9' be=e1 at lea/ n = five

 ye>s or s4 ,!  mo/ pl5tiful supply is  
said to be on slopes :]e ! trees h a    
s\!rn exposure1 & ! small] trees yield m
 gum ?an ! big  ones4 ,y\r "w is n done 
) collect+1 = 9 ord] to get !  be/ price
 y mu/ pres5t a fancy grade to ! m>ket4 
,if y\r gum  is all ?r[n 9 toge!r1 good1
 bad1 & indiff]5t1 y\r av]age  price is 
pretty sure to be less ?an = a c>efully 
clean$ & sort$  lot4    ,spruce gum c be
 collect$ 9 summ] or w9t]4 ,:i* "t is   
bett]  = y dep5ds on circum/ances4 ,!re 
is a peculi> *>m ab\t gum  hunt+ on     
sn[-%oes4 ,a "y man suff]+ f too little 
fre% air  & att5dant ills might f9d 8   
heal? among ! spruce trees :ile  ! gum  
paid ! bills4      ,,mu%rooms    ,are y 
sure ^! are good mu%rooms8 ,i ask$ my   
sev5-ye>-old  daught]4    ,yes4 ,i'm    
sure4 ,don't y "k ,aunt ,j---- says t   
all ! ,copr9  are edible8    ,?is is a  
true /ory & x only goes to %[ t ev5 a   
small *ild  c le>n t !re are a small    
numb] ( unmi/akable mu%rooms1  :i* are  
edible & !re is nev] any dang] ( be+    

wrong ab\t  !m4 ,! puff-balls1 =        
example1 are all good to eat4 ,:5 we    
f\nd  ! neighb\r's *ildr5 kick+ great   
:ite spongy puff-balls 9 !  pa/ure we   
begg$ !m to let u h !m in/ead4 ,pap says
 !y're  p'ison 0 _! reply1 b we he$$ !m 
n = _! pap 0  no oracle ( ours4 ,we 7 q 
will+ ! *ildr5 %\ld g on  ?9k+          
puff-balls 7 poison1 if only !y w\ld n  
use !m =  foot-balls4 ,nobody 9 8 s5ses 
w\ld try to eat puff-balls aft] !y  h   
begun to turn black or br[n4 ,b :5 !y   
are :ite & t5d]  !y are v good4 ,sk9 !  
ball1 slice ?91 add wat] & a little     
salt1 & /ew = tw5ty m9utes or s4 ,dra9 &
 dress ) cream  sauce4 ,no d\bt         
puff-ball slices broil$ ov] a camp fire 
) bacon  w\ld be good4 ,i wi% ,i _h tri$
 x1 b ,i nev] h4 ,we w agree  t no      
puff-ball c comp>e ) ! p9k-gill$ mead[  
mu%room1 b  we make no su* claims = x4  
,! be/ place to look = puff-balls is 9  
old pa/ures 9 late summ]  & e>ly fall4  
,! giants are sometimes z big z a milk  
pail4 ,!  pe>-%ap$ ones gr[ on tree     

/umps & are z big z y\r fi/ or  small]4 
,!re is an endless v>iety ( t9y ones (  
all sorts :i*  are ei!r too t\gh or too 
small to bo!r )4 ,b no puff-ball is     
p'ison1 n "o4    ,boys & girls :o l to  
h>ve/ nature's crops are miss+ a lot  ( 
fun besides _m pecks ( delici\s food by 
neglect+ ! common  edible mu%rooms4 ,if 
y "k a few good ones y are p]fectly     
safe4  ,:5 y h se5 !m a few times &     
ga!r$ !m a few times &  comp>$ !m )     
photographs y are ready to eat !m4 ,i   
%\ld  advise always to g mu%room hunt+  
fir/ ) "s exp]i5c$  p]son4 ,p]sonally ,i
 take no risks4 ,= in/ance if my book   
tells me  t dang]\s fungi resembl+ ?is  
species & sometimes f\nd 9  company )   
x--etc41 t's en\gh4 ,say no m4 ,i let t 
"o  alone4 ,i d n l ! company x keeps1 &
 x may be a %eep 9  wolf's clo?+4 ,9 my 
li/ ( edible fungi1 common 9 ,new ,york 
&  ,new ,j]sey1 !re are less ?an a doz5 
k9ds4 ,no "o ( ^! looks  en\gh l any o!r
 fungus to be mi/ak5 = x4 ,a few good   
looks at  !m w fix !m 9 ! memory4 ,^!   

are morels1 mead[ mu%rooms1             
%aggy-manes1 inky-caps1 oy/] mu%room1   
puff-balls1 coral fungi1  & *ant]elles4 
,! op5 season = morels is 9 e>ly spr+1  
:5  arbutus is blossom+1 & lat]4 ,coral 
fungi & *ant]elles are  at _! f9e/ 9    
midsumm]1 puff-balls 9 ,septemb]1       
inky-caps &  %aggy-manes 9 ,octob]1 & we
 ate oy/] mu%rooms on ,janu>y fir/  "o  
ye>1 ?\gh !y appe> e>li]4 ,! mead[      
mu%room ) :ite  fle% & p9k gills is gr[n
 indoors & is se5 9 ! m>ket f  fall till
 spr+1 b nature's crop mu/ be h>ve/$ 9  
fall be=e  fro/4    ,morels4--,morels   
look l no?+ else4 ,:5 full siz$ !y are  
six  in*es high4 ,! holl[ /alk is z l>ge
 z y\r f+] & ab\t half  ! l5g? ( ! :ole4
 ,! top or cap is br[ni% & s cov]$ )    
ridges & wr9kles t x w\ld nev] be mi/ak5
 = any?+ else  9 ! _w4 ,y ought to see a
 picture ( x because x is difficult  to 
describe s irregul> an object4 ,look x  
up 9 "s mu%room book or  bullet9 9 y\r  
libr>y4    ,illu/ration    ,y nev] "k j 
:]e morels may appe>4 ,we f\nd !m 9 our 

g>d5 once4 ,!y come up "r among ! we$s  
or dead leaves4 ,i h  (t5 f\nd !m along 
=e/ by-pa?s1 especially 9 wet wea!r 9   
spr+4 ,!y are delectable4 ,p]haps y h   
eat5 delicately broil$  slices ( t5d]lo9
 ( "y pig4 ,morels d n ta/e l ?is--!y   
look a little l x--!y ta/e v mu* bett]4 
,y ta/e !m4    ,coral ,fungi4--,! coral 
fungi t ,i eat look l *unks ( p9ki%  or 
cream :ite organ pipe coral4 ,!y are    
fle%y1 s(t1 yet firm en\gh  to keep _!  
%ape1 & ! :ole mass is made up ( t9y    
?read-or  rod-l p>ts ( _m bran*es4 ,!re 
is a f9e "o :i* looks l a  caulifl[]    
?\gh m yell[4 ,i h f\nd ! p9k & creamy  
ones  on fall5 & decay$ tree trunks 9   
deep1 cool woods 9 midsumm]4  ,o!rs     
equally good gr[ 9 ?9 woods or op5      
places4 ,!y v>y 9  size f *unks z big z 
a walnut to ^? z big or bigg] ?an  y\r  
fi/4 ,!y ne$ c>eful cleans+ "u a faucet4
 ,"s cooks soak  !m fir/ 9 cold wat]    
into :i* !y put a little v9eg> or lemon 
juice4 ,!y !n fry 9 butt]4 ,ano!r way is
 to /ew till t5d] 9  wat] ) lemon juice 

9 x4 ,!n dra9 & dress ) cream sauce4    
,puff-balls4--,:at c\ntry *ild has n    
puff$ ! smoke f !  hole 9 ! top ( !     
t\gh-sk9n$ little br[n balls !y f9d 9  !
 fields 9 autumn8 ,*ildr5 g5]ally       
believe !m to be deadly  poison & call  
!m devil's snuff-boxes4 ,_! life hi/ory 
is v  l t ( o!r fungi4 ,! mo/ ( ! ye> ^!
 fl[]less &  leafless plants sp5d       
und]gr\nd4 ,!y spread 9 a tangle ( f9e  
?reads all ?r\gh ! soil :]ev] !y f9d    
decay+ vegetable  matt] ^u :i* to fe$4  
,:5 _! "t comes1 little :ite balls  pu% 
out & up f ! ?reads4 ,^! come to !      
surface & we "k  !m by _! %apes & sizes 
z our diff]5t k9ds ( puff-balls1        
mu%rooms1 or o!r fungi4    ,! puff-balls
 are :ite & look l f9e cream *eese :5 !y
  fir/ appe>4 ,_! bus9ess is to rip5 _! 
spores1 scatt] !m1  & disappe>4 ,! br[n 
smoke or du/ ( ! ripe puff-ball is bl[n 
ab\t by ! w9d & f9ds its way into ! e>? 
9 "t2 ea* t9y  spore or gra9 ( du/ c />t
 a new mat ( ?reads d[n und]gr\nd4  ,:5 
y puff ! devil's snuff-box y are do+ !  

plant j !  k9dness x 0 wait+ =4 ,:5 a c[
 /eps on a ripe giant puff-ball  a great
 smoke goes up1 & ! breeze cat*es ! du/4
 ,"s ( !  spores may be c>ri$ on ! w9d  
or on ! c['s foot to f> di/ant  pa/ures1
 !re to settle d[n & />t a new puff-ball
 colony4 ,x is  j s ) all ! fungi4      
,all ! puff-balls are edible b "o ( !   
mo/ eatable is !  giant1 :i* is f\nd 9  
,augu/ or ,septemb] 9 pa/ures or o!r    
grassy places4 ,:5 "r to eat x is grayi%
 on ! outside & pure  :ite cle> ?r\gh4  
,9 size ?is giant v>ies f six or eight  
in*es  ?r\gh to two feet4 ,specim5s ( t5
 p\nds' weight are n r>e1 &  !re is     
record ( "s twice t size4 ,:5 yell[ or  
br[n inside1  ! giant is pa/ eat+4    ,!
 pe>-%ap$ puff-ball is ! commone/ "o4   
,?is is a sort (  dirty br[n col\r      
outside1 pure :ite inside4 ,x is f\nd on
 old  wood or on ! gr\nd z e>ly z ,july 
& z late z ,octob]4 ,9 size  ! balls v>y
 f ?imble size to t ( a big pe>4 ,!y gr[
 9  companies1 sometimes scores toge!r4 
,! bra9 puff-ball is l>g] ?an !         

pe>-%ap$4 ,! top is  wr9kl$ or          
corrugat$1 & grayi% or r$di% 9 col\r4   
,*ant]elles4--,*ant]elles are f\nd 9    
late summ] 9 ! woods  among/ moss :]e x 
is damp & cool4 ,!y are r$ or yell[ &   
look  z if y _h put y\r ?umb 9 ! middle 
( ! top & pu%$ x  d[n s t ! network (   
gills appe> on ! outside4 ,! "n means  a
 little goblet1 & ! p]fect ones are     
goblet-%ap$4 ,if y g  camp+ 9 ! woods 9 
summ] y are almo/ sure to f9d           
*ant]elles4    ,mead[ ,mu%rooms4--,!    
wild mead[ mu%room usually appe>s 9     
l>ge numb]s aft] ! autumn ra9s h r5ew$ !
 pa/ures4 ,!y  frequ5tly come up        
alongside ( an old dri$ pat* ( c[       
manure4 ,to  make myself famili> ) ?is  
p9k-gill$ v>iety ,i visit$ a l>ge  m>ket
 :]e !y _h !m = sale 9 all /ages1 f !   
little  r\nd buttons to ! big flat      
broil]s :i* are turn+ br[n4 ,!y  are j  
"r :5 ! cap has spread s z to bur/ !    
delicate  :ite veil :i* cov]s ! gills4  
,! fle% is :ite & ! gills a  delicate   
p9k4 ,! sk9 peels (f easily l t ( a ripe

 pea*4  ,look !m ov] ) great c>e :5     
prep>+ = ! table4 ,! e>ly  worm :i* is  
on h& to get a fir/ bite ( ev]y?+       
sometimes  honeycombs ! :ole plant4 ,!  
/ems ( "y ones are t5d] at !  top4      
,inky ,caps4--,y nev] expect to ga!r y\r
 d9n] f an a% heap8  ,nei!r did ,i2 b 9 
! edge ( ! woods ne>e/ u ! public us$   
to be all[$ to dump a%es4 ,x is n[      
ov]gr[n ) gold5-rod1 iron  we$ & v>i\s  
o!r co>se plants4 ,a pa? leads ?r\gh x4 
,la/  fall we discov]$ t ! place 0      
fairly sw>m+ ) ,copr9us  comatus1 !     
%aggy mane mu%room4 ,?is does n look l  
any?+  else on l& or sea & is delici\s4 
,its relative1 ! inky cap is  j z good  
to eat1 b n s h&some4 ,bo? melt away    
into black  ink z !y gr[ old4 ,!y %\ld  
be cook$ z soon z possible aft]  ga!r+4 
,we kept "s ov] night once4 ,su* a      
sight6 ,!y look$ l  black corn smut4    
,! ,copr9 pu% up 9 su* tight clumps     
sometimes t _! heads  are all out (     
%ape4 ,!y rise lit]ally ov] night4      
,sometimes  "o comes up s+ly & gr[s tall

 & p]fect1 a truly lovely  object1 pure 
:ite1 six in*es tall1 its %aggy head    
held high1 its  silv]-:ite gills        
delicate z tissue pap]4 ,a few h\rs lat]
 y w  see a ragg$ bit ( pulp rapidly    
dissolv+ 9 a pool ( black ink4    ,oy/] 
,mu%rooms4--,! oy/] mu%room comes out l 
! %elf fungi  on decay+ tree /umps or   
logs4 ,!y are a%y col\r or dull :ite1   
solid & r t\gh1 & v>y 9 bread? f two to 
five in*es4 ,z  to :y !y are call$ oy/] 
mu%rooms1 op9ions diff]4 ,! flav\r  is n
 oy/]-l1 ?\gh ! fle% is ab\t z t\gh z a 
boil$  oy/]4 ,! %ape does sugge/ an oy/]
 %ell2 p]haps t is !  be/ reason = ! "n4
 ,"o edible relative ( ! oy/] mu%room   
gr[s usually on decay+ elm /umps z late 
9 ! ye> z ,novemb]4    ,! fir/ ?+ to d  
if y get int]e/$ 9 mu%rooms is to get   
"s good illu/rat$ book on !m4 ,! *ances 
are t y\r ,/ate  ,exp]im5t ,/ation has  
issu$ a bullet9 on ! subject4 ,if n y  c
 get ^? publi%$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates      
,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture  or p]haps ^?  
issu$ by "s neighb\r+ /ate4 ,:at y want 

is  in=mation on wild fungi1 especially 
! edible ones1 n directions  ab\t gr[+ !
 m>ket v>ieties4 ,:5 y write = bullet9s 
/ate  j :at y are look+ =4 ,pictures1   
especially photographs1 are  ( ! greate/
 use 9 id5tify+ specim5s4 ,comp>e !     
descriptions  & pictures ) y\r mu%rooms 
& d n use !m if !re is any  "q 9 y\r m9d
 z to :at !y are4 ,! books m5tion$ 9 !  
app5dix ( ?is book h be5 ( help to me4  
,,cons]v+ ,,nature',s ,,crops    ,!     
h>ve/+ ( nature's crops is a mo/        
fasc9at+ occupation4 ,z  boys & girls we
 d n ask :y2 we only "k :at fun x is4   
,if !  "t ev] comes :5 y wi% to =get t y
 are gr[n up1 no?+  w help y l go+ into 
! woods1 ! fields1 or ! h$ge-r[s  to    
help ! birds & ! little fur-coat$       
animals h>ve/ ! crops  ( nuts or b]ries 
or o!r fruit t gr[ 9 nature's or*>ds4 ,)
  y\r sack ( nuts or plums on y\r arm1  
or y\r pail full ( b]ries1  y c easily  
=get t y live 9 a flat or "w 9 an (fice 
or a  factory4    ,"s p ?9k :5 !y see h[
 mu* ov]-ripe fruit is fall+  to !      

gr\nd1 & h[ mu* m !re is ?an c ev] be   
ga!r$  by human h&s1 t nature is        
wa/eful4 ,p]haps ?is is :y ^!  same p & 
o!rs :o did n ?9k at all1 h be5 s v     
wa/eful ( our c\ntry's natural res\rces1
 & br\ght ab\t su* a  really al>m+ /ate 
( ?+s 9 our =e/s4 ,^? :o d /op to  ?9k w
 see t al?\gh %e is lavi%1 nature is    
nev] wa/eful4  ,! b]ries mu/ decay 9    
ord] t ! se$s may g]m9ate1 & 9  m\ld+ !y
 n\ri% ! fungi :i* are j z important 9  
nature's  eyes1 s to speak1 z ! b]ries  
are4 ,no?+ is wa/$ 9 nature4  ,on !     
contr>y1 ev]y?+ is sav$ & is made ov]   
into "s o!r  =m4 ,no?+ /&s /ill2        
trans=mation goes on cont9u\sly4 ,:at  0
 soil ye/]day is fruit to-day & is built
 into our muscles &  n]ves & bra9s      
to-morr[4    ,e boy or girl t helps to  
h>ve/ nature's crops c d a little  to   
assi/ 9 our great national "w ( pres]v+ 
! c\ntry's  natural res\rces4 ,w\ld y   
ru9 a f9e "y tree j beg9n+ a  life (    
usefulness8 ,by mutilat+ x pa/          
recognition1 y may add  a few nuts to   

y\r ?is ye>'s /ore4 ,b :at an inju/ice y
 are  do+ to ! next g5]ation ( boys &   
girls4 ,y are robb+ !m4  ,i h he>d m5   
say3 ,:5 ,i 0 a boy we us$ to br+ home  
arbutus  by ! wagon load f ,coy ,gl54 ,b
 x's h>d to f9d any !re n[4  ,x mu/ h   
w9t]-kill$ or blight$4 ,my tongue burn$ 
to tell !m  t !y !mselves 7 ! blight t  
w9t]-kill$ ! arbutus &  robb$ me ( my "r
 to ga!r a few sprays4 ,!y _h torn x up 
by  ! roots 9 _! gre$ to fill _! wagons1
 & !n !y cut out  all ! trees1 & !      
sunlight de/roy$ all ! %ade-lov+ ?+s4   
,boys & girls ( a m enlight5$ g5]ation  
"k bett] ways &  w n leave beh9d !m a   
record ( selfi%ness4      ,,! ,,/ory ,,(
 ,,! ,,creation ,,( ,a ,,new ,,indu/ry  
,i am glad to tell ! me?ods by :i* ,i h 
develop$ a good bus9ess  9 collect+ &   
gr[+ ,cali=nia bulbs1 z ,i believe my   
success  c be duplicat$ 9 o!r p>ts ( !  
c\ntry--9 fact1 "o man  already makes a 
good liv+ by exploit+ ! wild fl[]s ( !  
,rocky ,m\nta9s1 sev]al p are export+ ! 
cacti ( our des]t1  & !re are sev]al    

nurs]ies 9 ! s\!rn ,appala*ians = !     
int]e/+ plants ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a4    ,9   
#ahgj1 :5 ,i 0 n9e ye>s old1 my family  
mov$ to ,ukiah ,valley 9  nor?-we/]n    
,cali=nia1 & !re ,i h liv$ ev] s9ce4 ,my
 e>ly  home 0 a f>m1 & my fir/ "w to    
raise hops & a mortgage4 ,my  education 
0 su* z ! di/rict s*ool & an abundance (
 good  read+ c\ld give me4 ,at eighte5  
,i began to tea* s*ool4 ,i 0  always a  
lov] ( nature & fond ( w&]+ ab\t !      
hills4 ,9  ,m5doc9o ,c\nty 9 #ahgj !    
c\ntry 0 j em]g+ f ! c[boy  era1 &      
little att5tion 0 paid to vegetable     
g>d5+1 :ile fl[]  g>d5s 7 all b unkn[n4 
,,h[ ,,! ,,life ,,"w ,,0 ,,det]m9$      
,!re 0 "o notable exception to !        
indiff]5ce to fl[]s4  ,alex&] ,mac,nab1 
a ,scot*man :o _h be5 =c$ by decl9+     
heal?  to leave ,glasg[1 _h f\nd new    
vig\r 9 ,cali=nia's m\nta9s4 ,!  prop]ty
 :i* he _h pur*as$ = a /ock range is "o 
( ! mo/  picturesque 9 nor!rn ,cali=nia1
 & !re he built a mode/ b  ideal home4  
,he s5t ev]y:]e = fl[]s1 & ,i "k ( no   

place 9  ^! lat] days :]e m fl[]s are   
well gr[n4 ,he gave to 8  fl[]s n only  
money1 b love & himself1 & few g>d5]s 7 
m successful4 ,i (t5 visit$ !re 9 my    
boyhood days & !  inspiration t ,i      
receiv$ f ?is place & f ano!r s\rce     
det]m9$ my life "w4    ,i _h a si/] a   
few ye>s old] ?an myself :o _h be5 9 !  
,ea/  = "s ye>s & ^: fail+ heal? =c$ h] 
to return to  ,cali=nia4 ,%e 0 a        
fl[]-lov] & soon call$ ^u me to beg9 a  
g>d5 on ! b>e hill :]e our v pla9 home  
/ood4 ,x 0 a "w  ( love1 = all ( ! new  
soil 0 c>ri$ 9 buckets1 & ! wat]  :i*   
our hot climate made necess>y 0 c>ri$ f 
a well1 b x  0 a great success4 ,my     
,scot* fri5d 0 mo/ lib]al ) bo? plants  
& in/ruction1 & betwe5 ! two my b5t 0   
well fix$4      ,,! ,,beg9n+ ,,( ,,!    
,,indu/ry    ,x 0 ?r\gh ,mr4 ,mac,nab t 
,i got />t$ 9 ! collection (  native    
plants4 ,woolson & ,company1 !n (       
,passaic1 ,n4 ,j41 7 !  fir/ ,am]ican   
firm to take up ! culture ( our native  
,am]ican  plants z a specialty4 ,!y     

wrote to ,mr4 ,mac,nab1 ask+ him to     
secure  ! native plants & (f]+ to pay = 
!m 9 ea/]n gr[n plants4  ,my love =     
fl[]s _h int]e/$ me 9 botany1 & x 0 q   
natural t ! lett] %\ld be turn$ ov] to  
me4 ,9 my fir/ lett]  to ,woolson ,i s5t
 a press$ fl[] ( ,colo*ortus pul*ellus &
  receiv$ 9 return an ord] = "o hundr$  
bulbs1 :i* !y said !y  w\ld pay = 9 ca%4
 ,?is ord] 0 fill$ & x 0 ! beg9n+  ( my 
bulb bus9ess4    ,my fir/ idea 0 to e>n 
money to buy plants )1 b be=e long ,i   
saw t a small bus9ess might be built up4
    ,my progress z a collector w5t h& 9 
h& ) my education 9  botany4 ,my me?od 0
 ?is3 ,fir/ to f9d some?+ ( suffici5t   
beauty to make x probable t x w\ld be   
want$2 next1 to f9d its  "n1 & !n to (f]
 x to "s "o ( ! v few firms !n  int]e/$ 
9 su* ?+s4    ,su* 0 ! fir/ /age 9 !    
developm5t ( a new indu/ry1 b !  latt] 0
 no less important1 = x involv$ kn[+ !  
plant at  e /age ( its gr[?1 f9d+ :5 x  
c\ld be/ be h&l$1 &  h[ be/ pack$ =     
%ipm5t4 ,almo/ f ! beg9n+ ,i tri$ to gr[

  ! native plants1 & botanical /udy1    
collection1 & cultivation  h gone h& 9  
h& s9ce4      ,,me?ods ,,( ,,collect+   
,e ye> ,i took long] trips4 ,i w5t      
alone1 ) ! lighte/ (  camp+ outfits1    
slept on ! gr\nd1 & p5etrat$ ! wilde/   
regions1 le>n+ :]e ! desirable fl[]s    
grew1 & collect+  ^? 9 dem&1 at ! same  
"t /udy+ ! g5]al flora4 ,:5 ,i  _h le>n$
 ! flora ( a region1 ,i tri$ to tra9 "s 
resid5t z  a p]man5t collector1 = n all 
( ^! long trips c\ld be made  e ye>4 ,my
 horizon fa/ wid5$1 & ?r\gh fri5ds1 by  
lett]s  to o!rs1 & (t5 by ! migration ( 
m5 :om ,i _h tra9$1 new  fields 7 op5$1 
& lat] ,i _h m5 :o _h be5 tra9$ "u me   
to s5d to di/ant po9ts4    ,be=e ,i     
began to collect1 o!rs _h be5 9 ! field1
 b !y 7  pr9cipally w&]+ botani/s :o    
seldom collect$ ov] ! same  gr\nd = two 
ye>s 9 sequ5ce4 ,_! collections 7 ( /uff
 (  all grades1 (t5 made at ! wrong     
season1 & !re 0 no dem&  except f a few 
special li/s4 ,at fir/ ,i %>$ _! faults1
 b  aft] a few ye>s ,i saw ! necessity (

 mak+ a reputation =  reliability1 =    
?or\ghly le>n+ ! art ( pack+1 & = su*   
grad+ z w\ld insure uni=m quality4      
,,e/abli%+ ,a ,,nurs]y ,,bus9ess    ,z  
"t w5t on1 collection became less       
important & culture !  c5tral feature ( 
my "w4    ,my fir/ g>d5 0 at ! f>m home2
 lat] ,i sp5t mu* "t & money  9         
exp]im5ts 9 a reclaim$ lake b$ ne>      
,ukiah1 /ill lat] at my  ,ukiah home1 & 
s9ce #ahig 9 ! m\nta9s ab\t eight miles 
ea/ (  ,ukiah4 ,ea* exp]im5t _h its     
value4 ,no "o _h gr[n ,cali=nian  bulbs 
9 ,cali=nia1 & ev]y?+ _h to be le>n$    
exp]im5tally4  ,i n[ h two nurs]ies4 ,"o
 ( !m is at ,lyons ,valley1 a lovely    
spot 9 ! highe/ "p ( t bran* ( ! ,coa/  
,range :i* ,i  f\nd six ye>s ago 0      
specially adapt$ to lily culture4 ,ab\t 
?ree  qu>t]s ( a mile away1 at ,!       
,t]races1 nature has provid$ endless    
v>iations ( soil1 climate1 moi/ure1 sun1
 & %ade4 ,"h ,i gr[ a  great v>iety (   
bulbs4    ,9 #ahhf ,i sold ab\t sev5    
?\s& plants ( all sorts2 9 #ahhh1  two  

hundr$ & fifty ?\s&1 & ! diff]5ce 0 on  
bus9ess  pr9ciples4                     
,,c>l ,,purdy          ,,iii    ,,rais+ 
,,dome/ic ,,animals      ,,rais+ ,,colts
    ,e f>m boy ,i ev] knew 0 ambiti\s to
 own horses4 ,be=e my  elde/ bro!r 0    
twelve he _h trad$ pigs ) our fa!r =    
calves1 !n heif]s = a horse1 & 8        
fav\rite air ca/les 7  great luxuri\s   
b>ns inhabit$ by blood$ horses ( 8 own  
rais+4    ,if y\r colt's "m is dutiful1 
& !y mo/ly are1 ! y\ng/]  w h pl5ty to  
eat = ! fir/ few weeks4 ,pett+ is a good
  ?+ = little colts2 nev] a cuff nor a  
h>% ^w4 ,_! confid5ce  won1 _! education
 is begun4 ,:ile /ill dep5d5t on ! "m = 
milk ! "y colt beg9s to nibble hay f !  
mang]1 & gets a  ta/e ( ! oats 9 ! fe$  
box1 too1 & f9ds !m good4 ,oats &  clov]
 hay1 a little bran & %orts1 a run 9 !  
pa/ure e f9e  day all w9t]1 w usually   
keep ! colt gr[+ & heal?y4 ,a w>m  /able
 ) pl5ty ( dry b$d+1 pref]ably 9 a /all 
) ano!r  colt1 is necess>y at night4    
,colts ne$ a pl5tiful supply ( cool1    

clean wat] 9 summ]1 b 9  w9t]1 wat] %\ld
 be heat$ j en\gh to take (f ! *ill4 ,x 
is  bad = a colt to dr9k at meal-"t4 7,t
 s\nds l a rule = boys  & girls47 ,a    
*unk ( rock salt h&y = colts to lick at 
helps keep  ! appetite normal4    ,an   
ord9>y f>m colt at ?ree or f\r mon?s old
 is wor? only ?irty  or =ty doll>s4 ,two
 ye>s lat]1 ) ! "r k9d ( c>e &  tea*+1 !
 same colt w br+ f\r times t price4 ,:at
 o!r  f>m crop w d z mu*8    ,! "m ( a  
baby colt once di$ on our f>m4 ,my fa!r 
felt v  badly ov] x2 los+ ! old m>e 0   
mis=tune en\gh1 b ! colt  0 a           
noble-look+ little fell[1 highly br$4   
,we girls _h be5  fo/]-mo!rs to almo/   
ev]y?+2 cats1 pups1 & pigs 7 easy1  &   
calves4 ,b :at ( a colt8 ,let's try if  
we c't raise him on !  bottle1 said our 
"m4 ,! exp]im5ts we tri$ ) t colt 7  _m4
 ,we gave him half & half at fir/--a cup
 full ( milk to "o  ( wat]4 ,our small  
c\s9 _h once be5 f$ on m>e's milk1 mu*  
to  our disgu/1 b x gave u ideas = our  
colt4 ,"m read some:]e  t c['s milk 0 n 

s sweet1 b 0 ri*] ?an m>e's milk4 ,s  we
 pat*$ our bits ( he>say toge!r & made  
up our colt's ration  ab\t l ?is3       
,fir/ week3 half sweet milk1 half wat]1 
a teaspoonful ( sug> to ea*  p9t1 t5    
times a day--always w>m--la/ fe$+ at t5 
,p4 ,m4--n  v mu* at a "t4 ,second &    
?ird weeks less wat]1 six fe$+s a  day1 
w>m & sweet z be=e4 ,f\r? to t5? week3  
increase quantity  gradually1 give      
w>m--n v ri*--milk ?ree times a day4 ,we
 gave  him a bottle at fir/ ) a nipple  
made ( a goose-quill wrapp$ ea*  "t )   
clean1 s(t rags4 ,ev]y?+ ab\t 8 food _h 
to be kept  sweet4 ,we scald$ ! bottle &
 ! quill & wa%$ !m 9 wat] &  bak+ soda1 
j z "m said4 ,!n we taught him to dr9k f
 a  pail4 ,he foll[$ u ab\t l a dog & 0 
v playful & frisky4  ,we f$ him a little
 hay & oats & grass :5 he 0 old en\gh4  
,my  little si/] want$ u to give him    
less milk s t he w\ld gr[ up  into a    
pony1 b :5 he begg$ = food1 %e 0 ! fir/ 
to g =  8 bottle4 ,he grew up & develop$
 j l any horse & fa!r  said he 0 !      

easie/ two-ye>-old he ev] _h to tea* to 
"w4 ,he  paid u sev5ty-five doll>s = !  
colt :5 he 0 eight mon?s old  & ready to
 %ift = himself ) ! o!r colts4          
,,rais+ ,,%eep    ,e boy on ! f>m ought 
to h 8 own p>ticul> hobby 9 !  l9e (    
/ock4 ,x is f> easi] to keep acc\nt (   
y\r own if !y are  entirely diff]5t f ! 
animals rais$ by ! o!r memb]s ( !       
family4 ,an acc\nt %\ld be kept ) !     
animals1 to le>n :e!r  !y pay or n4 ,x  
is only by ?is bus9ess-l me?od t ! "y   
f>m]1 or ! old] "o = t matt]1 c "k :e!r 
8 animals  are visitors or bo>d]s4      
,if ! "m keeps p\ltry1 ! boys pigs1 & ! 
fa!r raises  horses & c[s1 !n :y %\ld n 
! girls raise %eep8 ,!re is  room on e  
fair-siz$ f>m = a flock4 ,!re is no?+   
ab\t !  c>e ( %eep t a /rong1 heal?y    
girl may n d if %e is n  ne$$ to help ) 
h\sework4 ,h] fa!r w tea* & advise h]4  
,t5d+ %eep is f> m heal?ful occupation &
 m remun]ative  ?an embroid]+ s(a pill[s
 or knitt+ fancy "w4    ,:oev] und]takes
 ! %eep rais+ mu/ "k fir/ "s ( ! ne$s  (

 8 fav\rites4 ,!y are graz]s4 ,!y w     
glean a good liv+ 9  /ubble fields &    
crop grass 9 pa/ures :]e c[s w\ld />ve2 
!y  w bite ! we$s 9 ! f5ce corn]s d[n to
 ! quick nor leave  "o /alk to blossom  
or set se$4 ,!y are among ! be/ & *eape/
  ( lawn-m[]s1 enri*+ ! gr\nd !y fe$    
ov]4 ,!y are easy to  c>e =1 z !y c take
 c>e ( !mselves mo/ ( ! ye>4 ,:at a  joy
 x is to take a quiet walk ov] ! hills (
 a ,sunday morn+ to  salt ! %eep6 ,!y   
are tru/ful1 playful1 docile creatures1 
& _!  pres5ce und5iably adds to !       
picture ( cont5t & com=t t  e home/ead  
%\ld pres5t4    ,:ile x is true t %eep w
 keep fat on good pa/ure ) pl5ty  ( wat]
 & a semi-weekly supply ( salt1 x is n  
to be suppos$  t !y c pick up a liv+ !  
:ole ye> r\nd 9 a cold climate4  ,!y d n
 ne$ /uff+ 9 cold wea!r1 b !y d ne$     
pl5ty (  good hay 9 e>ly w9t] & n\ri%+  
food l bran1 oats1 b>ley1  & clov] hay  
t[>d spr+4 ,alfalfa is ideal1 b _m p    
succe$ ) %eep :o fail on alfalfa4 ,%eep 
w ov]-fe$ if n  re/ra9$4 ,!y %\ld h     

ex]cise & fre% air 9 pl5ty all  w9t]4   
,!y %\ld g out e day to pa/ure1 except  
dur+ /orms1  until sn[ cov]s ! gr\nd4   
,ewes f$ b n ov]-f$ ov] w9t] & %elt]$ "u
 "s k9d  ( ra9-pro( ro( w be /rong &    
heal?y mo!rs4 ,a new-born  lamb is ab\t 
z weak & wobbly & ineffici5t z a human  
baby4 ,!  weake/ ones seem b5t on dy+1 b
 a little coddl+ & c>e w  put !m on _!  
feet4 ,!y %\ld be taught h[ to take     
n\ri%m5t  & :oev] takes ?is 9 h& %\ld   
use pati5ce & insi/ t !  lesson be      
le>n$4 ,i h kn[n ( _m a good %eph]d :o  
sat up late  & got up e>ly & visit$ !   
%eep at midnight 9 lamb+ "t &  s sav$   
all 8 lambs4 ,!re is some?+ s appeal+   
ab\t a lamb  t no own] w\ld l to rememb]
 t he slept com=tably ?r\gh  a /ormy    
night :ile a new-born lamb />v$ 9 !     
pres5ce ( pl5ty  or 0 *ill$ pa/ help    
:ile its "m c\ld only bleat helplessly  
= ! slo?ful %eph]d4    ,lambs %\ld n    
foll[ _! mo!rs to pa/ure until ! grass  
is  gr[n en\gh to be really long &      
n\ri%+4 ,!y %\ld be out 9  ! b>ny>d on  

w>m1 sunny days1 & n wean$ until ne> six
 mon?s  old4 ,aft] ,augu/ !y w fatt5 on 
clov] pa/ure & be ready =  m>ket be=e   
,*ri/mas4    ,%eep are %e>$ 9 spr+1 ab\t
 ,april fir/1 b ?is dep5ds on  !        
climate4 ,mo/ f>m crops are fall or w9t]
 affairs4 ,l maple  sirup1 wool is a    
spr+ ca% crop1 :i* is a great conv5i5ce4
 ,an  eight-p\nd fleece is wor? ne>ly   
half z mu* z ! %eep x grew  on1 & !     
lambs w soon be wor? z mu* z _! mo!rs4  
,s we  h a d\ble *ance to make good 9   
%eep rais+4    ,%eep are s h>dy1 s      
h>mless1 & s easily manag$ t ! only     
wond] is t any f>m is )\t a flock4 ,m5  
:o "k say t !  f>m dog is to blame =    
?is4 ,h[ ab\t ! f>m dog1 boys & girls8  
,hone/ly1 n[1 is y\r dog wor? 8 keep8   
,no matt] h[ mu* bett]  he is ?an !     
neighb\rs' dog4 ,h[ ab\t y\r dog8 ,y l  
him1 (  c\rse1 b is he a loaf+1         
wor?less1 sneak+1 %eep-kill+ dog8  ,look
 betwe5 8 tee? be=e y d5y t he is a     
%eep-kill]4  ,are y a good citiz5 if y  
let su* a dog run at l>ge8 ,if y  raise 

%eep y w ne$ a dog1 & rememb] t a good  
collie w  protect y\r %eep f all ! rov+1
 blood?ir/y dogs 9 !  neighb\rhood4     
,illu/ration3 ,photograph by ,julian ,a4
 ,dimock4 ,big ,boy ,blue ,looks  ,aft] 
! ,%eep      ,,rais+ ,,goats    ,boys1  
are y really s]i\s ab\t mak+ "s money8  
,d y live on  a f>m :]e ! hills are too 
/eep to pl[ & ! only crop t  am\nts to  
any?+ is ! crop ( /ones8 ,are ^? /eep   
hills  cov]$ ) bru% & good-=-no?+ trees 
t look too hopeless8  ,don't gr9d y\r   
tee? & say ,!re's no *ance "h4 ,i'm go+ 
to  buy a ticket = ! city4 ,glance at ! 
head+ on ?is page &  don't smile        
d]isively nor turn on to "s new *apt]4  
,goats6 ,humph6    ,if y nev] he>d (    
anybody mak+ any?+ out ( goats1 "h's y\r
  *ance to he> some?+ new4 ,p c & d make
 money out ( goats  & s c y4 ,:y1 x is  
too easy6    ,"h1 read ^! facts ab\t    
goats3    ,goats pref] r\gh1 rocky1     
wild1 & hilly l&4    ,goats always ?rive
 if all[$ consid]able range4    ,hilly1 
bu%y l& is be/ = goats4    ,! fe$ ( "o  

c[ w keep twelve goats4    ,temp]ature  
ne$ n be consid]$4 ,goats ?rive :]e     
temp]atures  are extreme4    ,! ,angora 
goat fleece is cut annually & is v      
valuable4 ,we  import ov] "o million    
p\nds a ye>4 ,sk9s ( common goats are 9 
great dem& = lea!r4 ,we import$ sixte5  
million doll>s' wor?  9 #ahih & m e ye> 
s9ce4    ,goat manure is z valuable z t 
( %eep4    ,angora v5ison _c be told f  
lamb4    ,goats scorn to eat fre% grass 
if co>se we$s l wild c>rot1  mulle91    
dock1 etc41 are 9 sight4    ,e "p ( a   
goat is salable4 ,fleece1 milk1 *eese1  
sk91 fle%1  tall[1 bones1 ho(s1 horns1 &
 manure4    ,goats improve l&4 ,!y are  
lifelong scav5g]s1 & c put l&  cov]$ )  
useless und]bru% into %ape = pa/ure m   
*eaply &  m quickly ?an dynamite4    ,a 
h]d ( common goats c be built up 9 a few
 ye>s4 ,!y bre$  at "o ye> & usually h  
tw9s4    ,goats are h>dy2 less subject  
to disease ?an %eep4    ,a good goat is 
a money-mak]4    ,^! /atem5ts are quot$ 
directly f ! writ+s ( m5 & wom5  (      

exp]i5ce4 ,!y h no goats to sell1 s y c 
take _! ^w4    ,! requirem5ts =         
successful goat rais+ are few & easy to 
provide4 ,!y are ^!3    7#a7            
,space4--,goats d n take k9dly to h]d+  
nor to small fields4  ,if !y h only a   
small enclosure !y are likely sp5d m "t 
try+ to get at :at is outside ?an 9     
br[s+4 ,to meet a wire f5ce  e few /eps 
makes a goat re/ive4    7#b7            
,h\s+4--,goats mu/ be kept dry ov]head &
 "u foot4 ,!  %elt] = goats %\ld be high
 & dry4 ,!y w n ?rive 9 wet1  m>%y l&1  
nor keep well if _! %$ is muddy4 ,!y    
dislike fil?  & w n /& 9 x nor t\* soil$
 food4 ,!y pref] to sleep  on ! ro( ( ! 
b>n1 y "k1 b if a clean1 dry b$ 9 an    
airy  place is provid$ !y w n roo/ s    
high4    7#c7 ,wat]4--,pl5ty ( clean    
fre% wat] %\ld always be available4     
,if y c supply ^! ?ree ess5tials1 y are 
ready to raise goats4    ,!re are two   
well-m>k$ l9es ( bus9ess 9 goat rais+4  
,:i*  %all y foll[8    ,angoras are     
rais$ = _! fleece2 common goats ei!r =  

lea!r or  = milk4 ,angoras are n mu*    
good = milk & _! sk9s are n  s f9e nor  
durable z ^? ( common goats4 ,! ,angora 
is free f  ! (f5sive od\r ( common male 
goats4 ,! greate/ dem& = goat  products 
9 our m>kets to-day is = ,angora fleece 
& = common goat  sk9s4 ,! o!r products1 
l fle%1 ho(1 bones & horns1 tall[1      
*eese1 milk1 & manure1 c easily be      
m>ket$ & %\ld pay mo/ (  ! exp5ses4 ,!  
ma9 products %\ld be cle> pr(it4        
,,build+ ,,up ,a ,,h]d    ,!re is a sl[ 
way & a quick way to build up a h]d (   
goats4 ,z  usual ! sl[ way requires less
 capital4 ,if y h b a few doll>s  y w h 
to beg9 ) *eap goats1 b to keep a poor  
goat is  poor bus9ess4 ,y c buy good1   
common goats = "o doll> & a  half or two
 doll>s ea* & ) "t & pati5ce build up f 
!m  a h]d ( ,angoras by cross+4 ,if     
capital is easi] to comm& ?an  ye>s (   
"t1 y w beg9 ) good ,angora does :i* co/
 f  eight doll>s upw>d4 ,if y beg9 )    
common ones1 *oose :ite1  %ort-hair$    
individuals4 ,keep only ! be/ does 9 y\r

 h]d =  bre$]s2 y w soon le>n h[ to     
judge !m by ! quality ( _!  fleece & !  
price x br+s y p] p\nd4 ,9 five or six  
ye>s x  is possible to build up a h]d ( 
f9e mohair produc]s f common  goats4    
,! hair gr[s co>s] z ! goat passes six  
ye>s ( age1 s x does  n pay to keep "o  
too long4 ,buy "y does4 ,a goat's tee?  
tell its  age up to ! f\r? ye>4 ,if all 
! eight tee? are full-siz$ !  goat is   
c]ta9ly f\r to five ye>s old1 x may be  
m4      ,,c>e ,,( ,,kids    ,a "y kid is
 n a v /urdy y\ng/]4 ,good c>e %\ld be  
giv5  bo? doe & kid at ?is "t4 ,a w>m   
%elt] %\ld be provid$4 ,may  is ! be/   
mon? = kids to come1 9 ! ,nor?4 ,extra  
fe$+ %\ld  be giv5 ! doe & pl5ty ( wat]4
 ,if possible ea* doe ) h] kid  %\ld h a
 sep>ate /all or p5 s t ! doe w "k h]   
own  "y "o4 ,if y c arrange t ea* p5 9 !
 kid /able c h  an outdoor entrance ! "m
 c come & g at w4 ,a bo>d a foot  to    
eighte5 in*es high across ?is entrance w
 keep ! kid f  foll[+ 8 "m4 ,:5 ab\t six
 weeks old ! kid w jump ?is  bo>d4 ,by  

?is tok5 y w "k t he is /rong en\gh to  
jump  ab\t ov] ! /ones :]ev] 8 "m leads 
him4      ,,food ,,( ,,goats    ,! comic
 pap]s may be "r ab\t "s ?+s1 b !y are  
wrong  ab\t goats4 ,a diet ( newspap]s &
 t9 cans w n keep a  goat heal?y nor    
produce a salable fleece ( f9e mohair4  
,angoras  l common goats are br[s]s1 n  
graz]s l %eep4 ,!y eat  co>se vegetation
 su* z we$y gr[?s & ! twigs & leaves (  
und]bru%1 r ?an grass4 ,besides ?is1    
p>ticul>ly 9 w9t]1  !y %\ld h o!r food4 
,leaves1 table scraps l potato & fruit  
p>+s1 turnips & o!r roots1 & cabbage are
 all acceptable if  clean4 ,p>+s & roots
 %\ld be wa%$2 if y expect goats to eat 
swill y des]ve to be disappo9t$4 ,dirty 
c>rots1 rott5 apples1  s\r or m\ldy     
refuse d n tempt a self-respect+ pig2   
mu* less  an ,angora4 ,oats 9 ! %eaf are
 v good fodd] = !m4 ,gra9 is  n requir$ 
if clov] hay1 alfalfa1 or c[pea /ubble  
is pl5tiful4  ,too mu* gra9 makes a lazy
 goat & a lazy goat w n produce a       
h&some fleece4 ,bran may be f$ = a      

*ange1 & a little cotton se$  or corn   
may be giv51 b sp>+ly4 ,leaves or o!r   
co>se food %\ld  be giv5 pl5tifully at  
night1 z ,angoras reli% a midnight lun* 
beside _! ?ree squ>e meals a day4    ,a 
supply ( rock salt %\ld be kept :]e     
goats c get x :5ev]  !y want x4 ,if x is
 giv5 only at long int]vals !y may      
ov]-indulge4 ,wat] %\ld be w>m$ slightly
 9 w9t] if practicable4      ,,%elt] ,,&
 ,,enclosure    ,h>dy z !y are1 goats _c
 /& exposure to /orms4 ,!y abhor  wet4  
,cold ra9 or sleet /orms are really     
dang]\s to _! heal?4  ,goats w g ! long 
way r\nd e "t r ?an get into mud4  ,mud 
is v bad = ! fleece1 too4 ,buy]s refuse 
to pay = dirt4    ,goat %elt]s %\ld be  
dry1 b !y ne$ n be tight except         
ov]head4 ,9 fact _m goats die (         
suffocation :5 huddl$ 9 close  qu>t]s4  
,if ! ro( is j high en\gh f ! floor =   
goats to  g "u1 x c be op5 all r\nd     
except p]haps on ! side :]e !  prevail+ 
w9d & /orms w\ld beat 94    ,no o!r     
animals %\ld be qu>t]$ ) goats4         

,exp]i5ce %[s ?is4    ,goats pref] h>d  
b$s4 ,*aff or /raw en\gh to absorb !    
liquid  manure is all t %\ld be put on !
 floor4 ,trees are ! be/ %ade  f ! hot  
sun1 b if none are gr[+ 9 ! goats'      
pa/ure o!r  %elt] %\ld be provid$4    ,x
 is true t goats ?rive be/ :5 unconf9$4 
,b ?is does n  mean t y\r goats %\ld be 
all[$ to range on o!r p's  doma9s4 ,!y  
are a v real nuisance 9 or*>ds & g>d5s1 
&  if y\r place is small x is no place =
 goats4 ,a f5ce ne$ n be  v high to     
re/ra9 a flock ( goats4 ,!y are climb]s 
& once  9 a :ile !re is "o :o w\ld take 
a prize = ! high jump4  ,ord9>ily a f5ce
 ?ree & a half feet high is all t is    
necess>y4  ,bo>ds1 rails1 or wire w make
 a good goat f5ce4 ,x %\ld g close  to !
 gr\nd to prev5t crawl+ "u4 ,if wire is 
us$1 take c>e  t ! me% is too small = a 
goat's head4    ,y mu/ take y\r m>ket's 
dem&s into consid]ation :5 decid+  :e!r 
to bre$ ,angoras or common goats4 ,an   
,angora fleece weighs f  f\r to eight   
p\nds4 ,?is c be cut e ye> = t5 or      

twelve  ye>s4 ,! common goat's sk9 is   
valuable1 b he has only "o6 ,?is  makes 
! ,angora look l ! be/ bus9ess          
proposition1 al?\gh  requir+ m capital  
to />t1 z ! c>e requir$ is ab\t ! same  
& ! value ( by-products practically     
equal4      ,,! ,,common ,,goat    ,two 
argum5ts may be br\ght =w>d 9 fav\r ( ! 
common goat4 ,9  ! fir/ place1 ! h]d    
increases mu* fa/] z ! ,angora doe      
usually has only "o kid1 :ile tw9s are !
 rule ) common goats4  ,!re is a        
decid$ly gr[+ dem& = goats' milk ne>    
l>ge cities1  especially = hospitals4   
,we all "k h[ commonly goats' milk is   
us$ 9 =eign c\ntries4 ,we ,am]icans h a 
r silly prejudice  aga9/ x1 b we w get  
ov] ?is :5 we realize h[ (t5 goats'     
milk saves ! lives ( babies & invalids4 
,! foll[+ /atem5ts  are v\*$ = by       
physicians & o!rs ( exp]i5ce3           
,illu/ration3 ,photograph by ,hel5 ,w4  
,cooke4 ,fe$+ ! ,goats    ,goats' milk  
is m easily dige/$ ?an c[s' milk4       
,analysis %[s goats' milk has a m>k$    

simil>ity to human mo!rs'  milk & is m  
readily assimilat$ by infants4          
,goats' milk is g5]ally claim$ to be    
free at all times f g]ms (  tub]culosis4
    ,_c be told f c['s milk by ta/e4    
,excell5t = c(fee & 9 cook+4    ,! goat 
is claim$ by its fri5ds to be greatly ! 
sup]ior ( !  c[ = milk1 = ! foll[+      
reasons3    ,! goat is naturally        
cleanly4    ,! goat is easy to keep     
clean because ( h] small size4 ,goats c 
be  & are put into tubs & scrubb$ &     
/]iliz$ :5 be+ us$ z  fo/]-mo!rs 9 baby 
hospitals4 ,b no su* treatm5t is        
possible  ) a c[4    ,a goat c easily be
 tak5 f place to place ) a family4 ,a c[
  c\ld n be transport$ )\t great exp5se4
    ,goats eat f> less ?an c[s4 ,eight  
mil* goats c be kept on ! food  ( "o    
mil* c[4 ,! same quality ( food %\ld be 
furni%$4    ,i believe !re is a great   
future 9 ,am]ica = ! mil* goat4         
,,tw5ty ,,acres ,,r$eem$3 ,,! ,,/ory ,,(
 ,a ,,satisfactory ,,exp]im5t ,,)       
,,goats ,,9 ,,new ,,engl&    ,9 ,janu>y1

 #aijb1 ,i b\ght sev5ty-five ,angoras1 z
 ,i _h ab\t tw5ty  acres ( bru% l& t ,i 
want$ to reclaim4 ,i kept ! goats 9 %$s 
until ,may4 ,i _h to put up a wire f5ce 
to keep !m f visit+ my  neighb\rs1 & 9  
e>ly ,may turn$ !m into ! fir/ section1 
ab\t  "o half ( ! piece4 ,i built a %$ =
 !m to /ay 9 nights &  dur+ ra9s4    ,! 
"w !y did 0 m>vell\s4 ,9 less ?an a mon?
 ?is section _h  ! appe>ance ( hav+ be5 
/ruck by a cyclone1 & x 0 evid5t  t !   
goats w\ld soon require m t]ritory4     
,consequ5tly ,i wir$  ! o!r section (   
?is tw5ty-acre piece1 & :5 f9i%$ all[$  
!m ! range ( ! o!r piece1 to :i* !y m>*$
 9 milit>y  precision daily1 return+ to 
! %$ at night or dur+ ! approa*  ( ra91 
:i* !y seem$ to =etell z accurately z a 
b>omet]4  ,x 0 n long be=e x develop$ t 
!y w\ld require fre%]  fields or ,i mu/ 
r$uce my flock1 z ?is gr\nd 0 all t ,i  
_h (  t k9d4 ,consequ5tly ,i sold all b 
tw5ty-five1 reta9+ twelve  regi/]$ does1
 twelve kids1 & "o buck4 ,= ! does ,i   
paid t5  doll>s ea*1 & my buck1 :i* 0 a 

kid1 co/ tw5ty-five doll>s4  ,i _h "s   
grades t ,i sold at eight doll>s & eight
 doll>s &  tw5ty-five c5ts ea*1 & also  
"s we!r kids t ,i sold at five  doll>s  
ea*4 ,i h ?is same flock n[1 ) !        
addition ( t5 kids  born ?is spr+ f ^!  
twelve does1 :i* _h twelve kids1 two    
hav+ di$1 leav+ ?irty-five n[ 9 ! field4
    ,dur+ ! pa/ w9t] ,i h h&l$ m ?an six
 hundr$ t 7  s5t "h f ! ,we/4 ,! te/ t  
,i 0 anxi\sly wat*+ =  at ! adv5t ( spr+
 0 to see ! effect ( _! "w done la/     
season1 & ,i mu/ say ,i am v agreeably  
surpris$4 ,9 ! fir/ lot  f5c$ !re is    
sc>cely a bru% left1 no bri]s1 & n ev5  
,canada  ?i/les4 ,! entire field betwe5 
! rocks came out ?is spr+ )  beautiful1 
?ick1 gre51 grassy foliage1 mo/ly :ite  
clov]4 ,on !  o!r lot1 "p ( ! bru% tri$ 
h>d to %[ its t5acity ( life  by com+   
out ) gre5 leaves1 b at ?is writ+ !     
%rubs h  fall5 prey to ! dev\r+ ,angora1
 & gre5 grass is com+ out  9 ab\t all ! 
gr\nd t !y h trod4 ,?is alone to me is a
  satisfactory comm]cial exp]i5ce4      

,w4 ,o4 ,,corn+      ,,rais+ ,,calves   
,fe$+ ! calves is always ! boy's job or 
! girl's4 ,usually  ! milk is prep>$ by 
_! "m1 b ! responsibility = !  calves'  
welf>e is left to ! y\ng/]s4 ,if y look 
^u calf  fe$+ z no?+ b a *ore to get ov]
 ) z soon z possible1  y get v little   
fun out ( x4 ,b if y see 9 ^? calves !  
beg9n+ ( y\r own =tune or ! f\ndation ( 
y\r college fund  !y look diff]5t4 ,:e!r
 ! calves are y\rs or y\r fa!r's1  !y   
are liv+ creatures1 capable ( appreciat+
 prop] c>e &  repay+ x4 ,!y are j z     
capable ( %[+ neglect4    ,if y are go+ 
to fe$ ! calves1 make a /udy ( calf     
nature1  "k :at k9d ( animals y want to 
make ( !m1 f9d out h[ to  accompli% y\r 
purpose1 & !n keep a /raight c\rse4 ,f9d
 out  fir/ ! p>5tage ( ! calf4 ,!n      
inquire if x is to be a beef  animal or 
a dairy c[4 ,kn[+ its pa/ & its future y
 c provide  wisely = ! pres5t4    ,a    
new-born calf %\ld /ay ) ! "m f twelve  
to tw5ty-f\r  h\rs4 ,! fluid %e gives   
fir/ is n milk1 b is j :at ! calf  ne$s 

to prep>e its dige/ive organs = milk4   
,if left long] ) !  "m x w be m bo!r to 
tra94 ,! calf %\ld be f$ sweet1  :ole   
milk = two weeks4 ,if put imm$iately    
onto a diet ( skim-milk1  indige/ion is 
likely to result1 & ! calf gets a       
setback f :i*  x may nev] recov]4    ,:5
 a "y calf is tak5 f its "m1 x kn[s no?+
 ab\t  dr9k+4 ,! be/ practice is to let 
x fa/ = f twelve to  tw5ty-f\r h\rs till
 x gets good & hungry4 ,x is !n 9 a /ate
  ( m9d to le>n any?+ r ?an g )\t any   
long]4 ,!y  treat human babies ! same   
way if ne$ be4 ,if />t$ "r1 a "y  calf  
le>ns to dr9k 9 a day or two4 ,hold+ !  
pail ) "o to two  qu>ts ( w>m1 fre%1    
:ole milk 9 y\r left h&1 /& beside !    
calf & put y\r "r h& ov] its nose4      
,ins]t two f+]s into  its m\?4 ,did y   
ev] feel any?+ s funny8 ,! calf w suck  
y\r f+]s hungrily4 ,g5tly pu% its nose  
d[n into ! w>m milk  ) y\r f+]s /ill 9  
its m\?4 ,aft] a :ile g5tly pull out  "o
 f+]4 ,if he misses x put x back & lat] 
try aga94 ,9 a few  lessons ! calf w    

dr9k readily4 ,pati5ce & k9dness mu/ be 
ex]cis$ if "o little scamp proves dull4 
,a calf t gets a slap =  n dr9k+ w come 
to ?9k t ! two disagreeable ?+s always  
come toge!r & 8 education & 8 gr[? w be 
delay$4    ,= ! fir/ t5 to twelve days !
 calf %\ld h ab\t five qu>ts  ( milk a  
day1 divid$ into ?ree fe$+s4 ,?is %\ld  
be w>m$ to  blood heat1 n9ety-five to a 
hundr$ degrees ,fahr4 ,at two weeks y  c
 beg9 to sub/itute skim-milk4 ,a        
half-p9t a day at fir/ is ab\t  "r4     
,wat* ! effect on ! calf4 ,increase !   
quantity gradually1  until at a mon? or 
six weeks old ! calf is gett+ sev5 to   
eight  qu>ts p] day ( skim-milk1 always 
w>m & p]fectly sweet4    ,! wor/ disease
 ( calf-hood is sc\rs1 & ?is disease is 
caus$ by  fe$+ cold1 unclean1 or s\r    
milk4 ,i'd be a%am$ to h a calf (  m9e  
sick ) ! sc\rs6 ,to cure x1 add         
lime-wat] to ! milk or  mix a           
teaspoonful ( dri$ blood 9 a small am\nt
 ( wat]1 !n /ir  into ! milk4 ,or an    
ounce ( :eat bran or kaffir corn meal   

/irr$  into ! milk w be helpful4 ,"s    
recomm5d oat or corn meal f$ dry1  or a 
little l9se$ meal mix$ 9 a little wat] &
 !n /irr$ into  ! milk4    ,if y\r      
calves are all heif]s to be add$ to !   
dairy h]d1 y d  n want !m to lay on     
great am\nts ( fat1 b to gr[ /rong & be 
able to dige/ great am\nts ( hay4 ,if !y
 are to be beef1 !y ne$  m fat4 ,gra9 is
 fatt5+1 especially corn4 ,beg9 to fe$  
hay z  soon z ! calf w take x4 ,clean1  
dry clov] is be/1 b any good  hay w help
 prep>e _! /oma*s = ! "w :i* is expect$ 
(  !m lat]4 ,milk & hay are be/ = gr[+  
calves4 ,gra91 oil-meal1  & pa/ure      
furni% v>iety4    ,h y se5 a wild-ey$ c[
 be+ lit]ally dragg$ beh9d a wagon1     
sc>$ pa/ endurance & behav+ l a savage  
creature8 ,!re is n  ! slighte/ excuse =
 t sort ( ?+4 ,:at fun x is to slip a   
halt] on a calf to-day & let him get    
accu/om$ to x2 to-morr[  lead him ab\t a
 little ) coax+4 ,9 a few days he w lead
 l  an old horse4 ,he w le>n to expect  
only k9dness f 8 fe$]  & tra9]4 ,x w\ld 

be well to accu/om ! calves to ! pres5ce
  ( y\r dog1 too4 ,!re are m5 :o ?9k a  
fright5$ animal is a  hum\r\s sight4 ,b 
su* a man is no g5tleman & ,i c]ta9ly   
w\ld  nev] ?9k ( tru/+ him to drive my  
horses1 or milk my c[s1 or  ev5 fe$ my  
pigs4    ,our calves 7 kept 9 an old    
or*>d1 conv5i5t to ! h\se1 )  good      
pa/ure1 pl5ty ( sun & %ade1 & a suitable
 f5ce4 ,a %$ =  wet wea!r is ess5tial1 =
 a clean1 dry b$ mu/ be provid$4 ,calves
  h no way ( clean+ !mselves1 !re=e !y  
mu/ n be all[$  to get dirty4    ,milk  
%\ld be f$ until ! calves are f\r mon?s 
old1 & may be  cont9u$ long]4 ,aft] !   
fir/ few weeks1 :5 !y h begun to  take  
"s hay & grass1 ! milk may be giv5 9 two
 fe$+s4 ,wat]  %\ld be giv5 freely      
especially 9 hot wea!r4 ,if y\r pa/ure  
has  a cle> runn+ brook1 y\r calves are 
9 luck & s are y1 =  c>ry+ wat] = a bun*
 ( calves is no joke4 ,a g>d5 hose or a 
s]ies ( v-%ap$ tr\ghs f pump to p5 saves
 a lot ( "t &  backa*e4    ,a calf ^: "m
 has a record = milk ri* 9 butt] fat & a

 sire  ( good family has 9 x !          
possibilities ( a prize-w9n]4 ,:e!r  %e 
w e>n sev5ty-sev5 c5ts a ye> ov] & above
 h] keep1 l  ^? "o ?\s& & tw5ty poor c[s
 t ,ill9ois boys & girls  "k ab\t1 or   
?irty doll>s a ye>1 l ! tw5ty-five good 
c[s1  dep5ds v mu* on ! c>e %e gets4 ,no
 am\nt ( c>e giv5 to a  c[ w make up =  
neglect to ! calf4 ,!re's a big         
responsibility  on ! boys & girls ( !   
f>ms1 = calf fe$+ is _! job4      ,,!   
,,/ory ,,( ,,two ,,boys ,,& ,a ,,c[     
,! sugge/ion t ! suburban home might be 
a money-mak+  inve/m5t w\ld /rike !     
av]age suburbanite z ridicul\s4 ,b a    
few mom5ts ( c>eful calculation may put 
preconceiv$ notions to  flight & %[ h[  
consid]able money may be made--or sav$1 
:i* is  q z important4    ,"s ye>s ago a
 family1 :i* includ$ two boys ( elev5 & 
?irte5  ye>s1 took a h\se 9 ! outskirts 
( a good-siz$ t[n1 ab\t ?irty  m9utes'  
ride f ! city4 ,! fa!r 0 a buy] = an    
import+  h\se1 & abs5t f home = sev]al  
mon?s ( ea* ye>4 ,8 sal>y  0 l>ge1 z su*

 sal>ies g1 b !re 7 sev5 *ildr5 to be   
rais$ & educat$1 sev]al ( !m ) m>k$     
abilities t ne$$  ! v be/ possible      
in/ruction to br+ !m to _! highe/       
developm5t4    ,! boys sp5t "o summ]    
vacation at ! c\ntry h\se ( an old      
fri5d ( ! family & got ideas4 ,!y talk$ 
!m ov]1 w5t back to  _! fri5d = c\nsel1 
!n turn$ _! batt]ies on _! p>5ts  to ga9
 _! cons5t to an important new          
ent]prise4    ,atta*$ to ! h\se 0 ab\t  
an acre ( gr\nd1 ?ree f\r?s (  :i* 0 old
 pa/ure gr[n to we$s & a tangle ( bri]  
bu%es4    ,by promis+ to "w = a f>m]    
dur+ ! com+ vacation !  boys arrang$ to 
h ! field1 :i* !y cle>$ & made ready1   
pl\gh$1 h>r[$1 & m>k$ 9 ! mo/ ?or\gh    
fa%ion4    ,!y plant$ x ) ! be/ v>iety (
 mid-season sweet corn4 ,!  f>m]        
cultivat$ x1 & ! boys ho$ x & kept x 9  
almo/  p]fect condition4    ,! season 0 
v dry1 b !y laid a hose s z to />t a    
/ream  ( wat] into ! l9es betwe5 ! r[s (
 corn2 !n ) a good pump  !y fill$ !     
tr5*es !y _h dug & completely irrigat$ !

  entire field4    ,! crop 0 a great    
success4 ,! boys pick$ & sold at retail 
prices  to private cu/om]s twelve hundr$
 doz5 e>s ( ! f9e/ corn  rais$ 9 t      
section4 ,z x av]ag$ tw5ty c5ts a doz51 
x foot$  up ! v com=table sum ( two     
hundr$ & =ty doll>s ) small  e>s &      
left-ov]s q suffici5t = ! use ( !       
family4    ,two weeks f ! fir/ pick+ !  
/alks 7 cut & set up to cure  = ! c[ t 0
 really ! object ( _! endeav\r4    ,!   
fri5d ( ! family select$ ! c[4 ,%e 0 a  
f9e1 fre%1 "y  ,j]sey & ,ald]ney        
cross--a high-grade animal1 good =      
quality z  well z quantity ( milk &     
cream4    ,!re 0 small1 well-built b>n  
on ! place1 & "h ! c[ 0  /abl$4         
,cleanl9ess 0 ! fir/1 la/1 & int]m$iate 
law 9 &  ab\t ! place4 ,! boys _h clo!s 
expressly = b>n we> & :ite  aprons )    
long sleeves to put on :5 milk+4    ,su*
 unusual att5tion to details attract$   
cu/om]s until ! dem&  w5t f> ahead ( !  
supply4    ,= ! fir/ six mon?s ! c[     
gave1 on an av]age1 sixte5 qu>ts a  day1

 f\rte5 ( :i* 7 sold to p]sons :o came =
 x1 !reby  sav+ all tr\ble & co/ (      
deliv]y4 ,two qu>ts 7 kept = !  family4 
,= ! next f\r mon?s ! sales 7 twelve    
qu>ts a day4 ,fe$ =  ! c[ co/ "o doll> a
 week1 besides hay & corn-/alks4    ,!  
c[ 0 b\ght late 9 ,july1 & by ! fir/ (  
,augu/ ! milk  trade 0 well e/abli%$4   
,aft] t5 mon?s' exp]i5ce ! boys made  up
 a /atem5t to %[ to _! fa!r :5 he       
return$ f a trip to  ,europe4           
,,cr$it        #a1bjj doz4 corn at #bj  
cts4 a doz4                 #bdj4jj     
,/alks                                  
#bj4jj      ,milk1 #ahd days1 #ad qts4  
at #h cts4 a qt4            #bjf4jh     
#abj      #ab                           
#aae4bj                                 
--------                                
#eha4bh                                 
,,debit        #a c[1 #fj4jj2 #a ton    
hay1 #ah4jj2 fe$1 #dj4jj    #aah4jj     
--------      ,pr(it1 ca% on h&         
#dfc4bh      ,value ( #a c[             
#fj4jj                                  

--------            ,total assets       
#ebc4bh                                 
,,nelson ,s4 ,,/one      ,,rais+ ,,pigs 
,:5 ,i 0 n9e ye>s old ,i laid !         
f\ndation ( my college fund4 ,my        
gr&mo!r _h a flock ( tw5ty or ?irty     
geese :i* 7 kept =  ! pill[s & fea!r b$s
 !y fill$4 ,great 0 my delight :5  gr&ma
 told me t %e w\ld give me a pig if ,i  
w\ld help h] pick  ! geese4 ,help+ h]   
w\ld h be5 rew>d en\gh1 = ,i 0 a great  
gr&ma girl1 b ! ambition ( my *ildhood 0
 to own a pig4 ,did  n my eld] bro!r n[ 
own a beautiful m>e & colt1 & _h he n   
/>t$ ) a pig8    ,w$nesday 0 ! day set =
 pluck+ ! geese & all my leisure on     
,monday & ,tuesday 0 sp5t 9 build+ a p54
 ,pl5ty ( mat]ial f  :i* to con/ruct ?is
 edifice 0 f\nd ab\t ! place4 ,i wisely 
locat$ x at ! back ( ! h5h\se :i* left  
me only ?ree sides  to build4 ,"o corn] 
0 ro($ ) ! be/ bo>ds ,i c\ld f9d1 =  ,i 
didn't wi% my preci\s pig to suff] f    
sun/roke or h 8 b$  trans=m$ into a     
mud-hole :5 x ra9$4    ,:5 ! geese 7    

pick$ to ! la/ fea!r !y c\ld sp>e1 ,i   
w5t ) gr&mo!r to select my pig f ! litt]
 ( suckl+s  n[ ready to beg9 tak+ _!    
food f ! tr\gh4 ,%e g5]\sly  all[$ me my
 *oice1 & if ,i did n get ! pick ( !    
bun* x 0  n h] fault4 ,i wond] h[ a girl
 ( n9e succe$$ 9 transport+  a lu/y pig 
! ?ree qu>t]s ( a mile betwe5 gr&mo!r's 
h\se  & ours4 ,i %\ld n l to und]take x 
n[1 b my confid5ce 9  my ability to d   
:at ,i want$ done 9 ^? days 0 unlimit$4 
,a  piece ( rope1 a /\t cudgel1 a pair (
 /rong1 "y arms1 & a high  disreg>d (   
appe>ances su/a9$ me4 ,i got my treasure
 home & into  8 p5--no mean triumph ev5 
z view$ by my eld] bro!r :o _h  pass$ by
 ! pig /age & ev5 ! calf /age & ent]$   
into !  exalt$ realm ( horse own]%ip4   
,my fa!r 0 n ! y\r %oat1 my hog k9d ( a 
fa!r4 ,!re came  a "t :5 he us$ to say t
 ! girls own$ all ! cattle & !  boys all
 ! horses on ! f>m4 ,:5 my pig grew up1 
,i trad$ x to my  fa!r = a f9e calf4    
,?is calf 0 ! nucleus ( my h]d1 = ,i    
nev] own$ a horse4 ,all ?r\gh my college

 c\rse :5 ,i ne$$ money1  ,i us$ to     
write to fa!r to sell ,r[5a or ,cor9ne  
or ,natty  ,bumpo4 7,we nam$ our calves 
aft] ! p we read ab\t47 ,!re  0 always a
 buy] ready at h& & ! price paid 0      
/rictly 9  accord ) ! m>ket quotations4 
,! c[ :i* b\ght my graduation  cap & g[n
 0 ! la/ ( h] race1 ,betsy ,bobbett1 "o 
( !  great-great-gr&daught]s ( ! calf = 
:i* ,i trad$ t orig9al  pig4    ,no "o c
 d5y or d\bt t !re is pr(it 9 pig rais+4
 ,pork  on ! ho( is t5 c5ts a p\nd ev5 z
 ,i write ^! words1 )  prospects good = 
go+ high]4 ,a pr(it ( "o hundr$ p] c5t4 
is  record$ by gr[]s :5 ! price is only 
six c5ts a p\nd4    ,) ! "o exception ( 
p\ltry1 hogs br+ ! quicke/ returns =    
inve/m5t ( any live /ock4 ,x is poor    
economy to keep any animal  :i* _c pay  
its bo>d1 except = s5tim5t1 & few p keep
  pigs on t acc\nt4 ,if ,i 7 beg9n+ aga9
 ,i %\ld n trade my  pig = a calf b %\ld
 raise pigs4    ,9 select+ a "m = my    
family ( hogs ,i %\ld c>e m ab\t  h]    
individual "* ?an ab\t h] bre$4 ,a good 

brood s[  ought to h a good disposition1
 :i* means a good dige/ion1 &  respond  
quickly to k9dness4 ,n]v\s1 irritable   
s[s (t5 develop  vici\s habits4 ,a %ort1
 broad face1 a wide space betwe5 ! eyes1
  a deep *e/1 broad back1 & l>ge hams ) 
r %ort legs are  all consid]$ good      
po9ts4 ,a good-natur$1 heal?y pig has a 
bright1  fri5dly mann] :5 acco/$ & a    
look ( %rewd ?\gh guileless  int]e/ 9 8 
ma/]4    ,dirty z a pig is a sl&] on !  
pig & a c5sure on its own]4  ,pigs &    
goats are m p>ticul> ab\t _! b$s ?an    
ei!r horses  or c[s4 ,success ) pork]s  
is spelt c-l-e-a-n-l-i-n-e-s-s4 ,!y  l  
to wall[ 9 ! edge ( a sluggi% /ream on a
 w>m day4 ,well1  s d y4 ,mud is n dirty
 unless mix$ ) f\l manure & decay+      
vegetable matt]4    ,all fe$+ tr\ghs1   
floors1 & b$s %\ld be ?or\ghly scrap$1  
swept1 & dri$ if ! pigs are to be       
heal?y1 happy1 & com=table4  ,"u no o!r 
conditions does keep+ pigs pay4    ,y w 
be v =tunate if y\r "y s['s fir/ litt]  
numb]s  t5 or a doz5 lively y\ng/]s4    

,six or eight w n be bad if %e  raises  
!m all1 & ) c>e %e ought to4 ,improp]   
c>e & fe$+  be=e ! pigs come are usually
 responsible = any cannibali/ic  habits 
develop$ by ! s[4 ,corn alone is n a    
good ration except  = fatt5+4 ,us$ )    
:eat1 middl+s1 bran1 & gr\nd oats1 )    
pl5ty ( clov] or alfalfa hay1 corn is   
all "r4 ,! s[ %\ld be  put into a p5 by 
h]self be=e f>r[+ "t4 ,! be/ b$d+ is    
clean :eat or rye /raw1 :i* %\ld n be   
left until x is wet &  fil?y4 ,spr9kle  
air-slak$ lime 9 ! sleep+ p5 "u ! fre%  
b$d+4 ,a sick pig means a neglectful    
own]4    ,pigs ought to gr[ fa/ & )\t   
any *eck4 ,at six mon?s old !y  %\ld    
weigh two hundr$ p\nds1 an av]age ga9 y 
see1 ( ov] a  p\nd a day4 ,) a good1    
heal?y "m little pigs ne$ no extra  fe$+
 ! fir/ mon?4 ,! s[ %\ld be giv5 n\ri%+ 
food1 bran  & gr\nd oats & rye1 lots (  
skim-milk & an abundance ( clean1  fre% 
wat]4    ,if ! pigs seem hungry :5 only 
a c\ple ( weeks old a little1 new  tr\gh
 %\ld be made = !m4 ,a small quantity ( 

boil$ corn &  skim-milk %\ld be put into
 ?is tr\gh :]e ! little fell[s c  get to
 x b ! s[ _c4 ,!y may n take mu* at     
fir/1 b  sev]al h\rs lat] ! tr\gh %\ld  
be r9s$ & a fre% supply  giv54 ,s\r1    
dirty milk may produce s]i\s sickness 9 
"y pigs &  *eck gr[?4 ,! s[ w wean !m :5
 %e gets ready1 & !y w  n "k ! diff]5ce 
if !y get us$ to _! tr\gh e>ly4    ,x is
 possible to raise & fatt5 pigs 9 p5s1 b
 x is n  economical4 ,pa/ure is ess5tial
 to _! be/ gr[?4 ,x gives !m  ex]cise1 &
 ! gre5 food n only n\ri%es !m1 b aids 9
  ! dige/ion ( ! m conc5trat$ foods4 ,! 
expression1 ,pigs  9 clov]1 is bas$ on  
fact4 ,a happy1 heal?y1 money-mak] is ! 
pa/ure-f$ pig4 ,he w put on 8 t5 c5ts'  
wor? a day ( bone1  muscle & fat at less
 exp5se 9 a clov] pat* ?an else:]e4     
,alfalfa or c[ peas w s]ve him ab\t z   
well4 ,fruit w9dfalls are  good = him1  
too4    ,if y live on a place :]e gra9  
or fruit are ! ma9 crops & a  few c[s   
are kept1 y are los+ a great opportunity
 if y are n  rais+ a few pigs4 ,!y      

dispose ( ! surplus on su* f>ms1 z well 
z ! unsalable g>d5 crops & we$s1 & pay  
_! bo>d day by day4    ,! own] %\ld keep
 a close acc\nt ) 8 pigs4 ,if !y eat :at
  w\ld o!rwise be wa/$ y are s mu* to ! 
good4 ,:at y sell  !m =1 less :at y h   
paid out = food1 equals :at y get =  y\r
 "t4      ,,rais+ ,,*ick5s    ,success )
 *ick5s does n dep5d ^u ! bre$1 nor ^u  
any  pat5t devices = hat*+ & brood+1 nor
 on any special mixture  ( fe$4 ,y c f9d
 fr5zi$ adv]tis]s try+ to disprove ^!   
/atem5ts1 b d n y\r own obs]vations be> 
me out8 ,h[ev]1 ,i  v5ture to say t )   
common-s5se & gumption1 & a real lik+  =
 *ick5s1 success 9 ?is l9e is ne>ly     
c]ta94 ,!re are doz5s  ( good /ories (  
boys :o h begun *ick5 rais+ at twelve   
to f\rte5 ye>s ( age & h made money at  
x1 beside tra9+  !mselves at ! same "t 9
 bus9ess me?ods & effici5cy4 ,!re  are  
no good reasons :y girls also %\ld n    
succe$4    ,!re are c]ta9 pr9ciples (   
p\ltry culture ^u :i* mo/ p  agree4 ,^! 
are bas$ on a k ( h5 nature & are !     

result  ( /udy & exp]i5ce4 ,we w discuss
 !m "u ! foll[+ heads3    #a1 ,h\s+ &   
,c>e2 #b1 ,food & ,fe$+2 #c1 ,rais+ ,"y 
,/ock2 #d1  ,bus9ess ,me?ods4           
,,h\s+    ,illu/ration3 ,frame =        
elev5-doll> *ick5 h\se    ,?is fir/     
dep>tm5t prop]ly includes n only ! h\se 
prop] )  all its int]ior fixtures & its 
c>e1 b ! runs1 ! scrat*+  %$1 & all t   
has to d ) ! supply ( air1 w>m? &       
sun%9e & ! protection ( ! flock f       
disease & v]m94 ,no  matt] h[ pla9 &    
ord9>y y\r *ick5 h\se is1 ! te/ ( y\r   
fitness = ! bus9ess comes ) its c>e1 n  
once a mon?1 b  day by day4             
,illu/ration3 ,*ick5 h\se a boy c build 
,_m p h an idea t ! only way to keep h5s
 heal?y &  productive is to let !m      
range4 ,( c\rse x is true t *ick5s  on !
 f>m seem to pick up a free liv+1 b x is
 equally true  t1 z a g5]al ?+1 ! f>m]  
does n keep any acc\nt )  8 *ick5s1 & if
 !y get into ! corn crib or gran>y he   
does  n "k h[ mu* gra9 !y eat & h[ mu*  
!y wa/e4 ,if !y hide  _! ne/s & ! eggs  

spoil1 or if !y sit & ! *icks d n  live 
to get to ! b>ny>d1 ! own] is unaw>e ( 8
 loss4 ,if1  hav+ no h\se & ne/ boxes1 !
 h5s lay 9 ! we$s1 9 ! wood  pile1 9 !  
/raw /ack1 9 ! haym[1 x's no loss1 = !  
wom5  & *ildr5 hunt ! eggs & _! "t isn't
 wor? any?+6 ,b  d y believe !re are any
 f>m h5s ^: portraits w appe>  9 ! big  
magaz9es8 ,did y see t "o la/ ye> 9     
,colli]'s  ,weekly8 ,d y suppose !re are
 _m #bjj-;egg]s on f>ms ) all  _!       
suppos$ advantages8 ,i don't4 ,b we %all
 nev] "k1 because no  accurate records c
 be kept ( *ick5s t run at l>ge4    ,i  
%all take x = grant$ t y expect to beg9 
9 a small way  ) v little to inve/4     
,rememb] t a few h5s pay bett] p]  h5   
?an a l>ge numb]1 b on ! o!r h& x takes 
ab\t z mu*  "t to c>e = a doz5 z x does 
= "o hundr$4 ,y w !re=e  look =w>d )    
satisfaction to increas+ y\r flock z y\r
 capital  gr[s & y\r "t becomes m       
valuable4    ,h y a suitable place =    
*ick5s8 ,x %\ld be dry1 sunny1  ?\gh )  
"s %ade1 protect$ f sev]e w9ds & /orms4 

,!  sun is ! greate/ purifi] &          
dis9fector 9 ! univ]se1 & y  mu/ h y\r  
h\se face ! s\? or ea/ if possible4     
,:e!r y\r  fir/ h\se is made ( /ore     
boxes or ( exp5sive mat*$ lumb] !       
pr9ciples are ! same4 ,to make ! h\se   
dry x %\ld be built on  well-dra9$ soil 
& %\ld sit up six in*es f ! surface ( ! 
gr\nd s t air c circulate freely b5ea?4 
,! only heat 9 ! h5 h\se comes f ! h5s &
 ! sun%9e4  ,!re=e1 to make ! h\se w>m y
 %\ld h x small en\gh  s t y\r h5s c    
g5]ate heat en\gh to keep w>m 9 w9t]4   
,! exposure %\ld be su* t ! sun c get   
into x4 ,if possible  x %\ld be %ad$ by 
trees or o!r build+s aga9/ /orms &      
summ] sun4 ,e h5 ne$s f f\r to five     
squ>e feet ( floor  space & only eight  
to t5 cubic feet ( air space4 ,squ>e    
h\ses are  m economical to build4       
,figure out ) diagrams & draw+s to      
scale j h[ l>ge a build+ is ne$$ to h\se
 y\r flock :5 y  get x4 ,h[ l[ at ! back
 c y make x )\t bump+ y\r head  :5 y g  
inside8 ,h[ high 9 front mu/ x be to    

provide space =  y\r door & w9d[8 ,:at  
%ap$ ro( w be easie/ to build1 mo/      
economical ( lumb]1 & mo/ satisfactory z
 a ra9 %$8    ,illu/ration3 ,self-fe$   
grit box    ,consid] _m ?+s 9 !         
selection ( mat]ial4 ,r\gh bo>ds are a  
little *eap]1 b h[ !y d ru9 good pa9t & 
:itewa% bru%es6  ,mat*$ bo>ds are *eap] 
& tight] ?an unmat*$ bo>ds )  /rips     
nail$ ov] ! cracks4 ,= ! ro( "s k9d (   
wat]pro(  ro(+ mat]ial w keep ! h\se w>m
 & dry4 ,if y h ev]  se5 a *ick5 h\se ) 
a cem5t floor y w be det]m9$ to h  t    
k9d4 ,at fir/ ! exp5se may be great] ?an
 = bo>ds1 b if  y live 9 y\r own home y 
c af=d to put a cem5t floor 9 !  *ick5  
h\se soon] or lat]1 especially if y d ! 
"w y\rself4  ,if y are a r5t] y w n feel
 l putt+ 9 exp5sive1  p]man5t           
improvem5ts4 ,x w be w>m & dry1 sav+ _m 
losses  f wet feet & diseases br\ght on 
by dampness & cold4 ,x is easy  to      
clean4 ,x w d away ) ! rat problem1 &   
la/ =ev]4 ,y  c put x 9 aft] ! h\se is  
built4 ,figure out ! co/ ( a lay]  (    

cem5t "o & "o half in*es ?ick laid on a 
b$ ( gravel &  small /ones4 ,! cem5t is 
mix$ z foll[s3 "o "p ,portl& cem5t1     
?ree p>ts clean s&1 five p>ts gravel4   
,mix ! cem5t pretty ?ick1  tamp x d[n   
consci5ti\sly until p]fectly level1 !n )
 a tr[el  smoo? x & smoo? x1 ov] & ov]1 
until ! surface is free f  any?+ l a    
/one or l>ge pebble4    ,! door to !    
*ick5 h\se %\ld be well hung1 easy to   
op51 %ut1  & lock4 ,! w9d[ is to admit  
light & sun%9e1 especially !  latt]4 ,v 
small panes may be *eap b !y %ut out !  
sun2 twelve  eight by t5 panes 9 a s+le 
sa% make a w9d[ ( conv5i5t size4  ,!    
w9d[ %\ld be plac$ s t ! sun c get way  
back to !  v f>!/ corn] ( ! h\se4 ,a    
high w9d[ is bett] = ?is  ?an a l[ "o4  
,! diagram %[s :y4    ,illu/ration3 ,!  
w9d[s %\ld be plac$ high en\gh to let ! 
sun  9 to ! back ( ! h\se    ,sun%9e &  
ex]cise are necess>y = heal?y f[ls4 ,!y 
c /&  cold wea!r well1 if !y are kept   
dry & active4 ,scrat*+ %$s or  op5-front
 p5s provide sun%9e & ex]cise4          

,scrat*+ = food 9 ! litt] keeps h5s mov+
 & !y get to  be v a?letic1 jump+ up to 
cabbages & fre% meat or gra9  self-fe$]s
 hung j out ( rea*4 ,scrat*+ %$s 9 !    
,nor? ne$  adju/able curta9s ( co>se    
musl9 to keep out driv+ ra91 sn[1  &    
sleet4 ,! ,/ate ,agricultural ,exp]im5t 
,/ation at ,orono1 ,ma9e1  has made     
valuable /udies ( curta9$ %$s1 & ! use (
 ?is =m  ( p\ltry h\se has f\nd fav\r   
all ov] ! c\ntry4    ,illu/ration3 ,gra9
 self-fe$] = f[ls    ,! furniture ( ! h5
 h\se consi/s ( roo/s1 dropp+ bo>d1     
ne/s1 du/ box1 & ut5sils to hold gr\nd  
fe$1 grit1 %ell1 &  wat]4 ,9 mak+ &     
erect+ ea* piece ask y\rself1 ,w ?is be 
easy to clean8 ,! roo/s %\ld be 9 !     
corn] f>!/ f door  & w9d[1 out ( all    
draughts4 ,!re %\ld be en\gh ( !m to    
provide ea* f[l ) six to eight in*es (  
room & !y %\ld be  set at lea/ a foot   
ap>t4 ,d n h ! roo/s at diff]5t levels4 
,x is h5 nature to want ! highe/ place1 
& !y w fight &  cr[d & worry ea* o!r if 
!re is a high] roo/4 ,pieces ( two by   

two1 ) ! upp] edge r\nd$1 make good     
p]*es4    ,z ! floor ( ! *ick5 h\se is  
also ! d9+ table = !  occupants x is    
extremely important t !re %\ld be a     
well-built  plat=m "u ! roo/s = dropp+s1
 9 ord] to keep ! floor  clean4 ,!re    
%\ld be space en\gh betwe5 ?is bo>d & ! 
p]*es  to all[ y to clean x frequ5tly   
)\t difficulty4    ,illu/ration3 ,corn] 
9 *ick5 h\se1 %[+ up-to-date furniture  
,if y ev] tri$ to clean a range ( wall  
ne/s y "k :y !  up-to-date p\ltry m5 are
 disc>d+ !m z unsanit>y4 ,_m are  n[    
plac+ _! ne/s "u ! dropp+ bo>d4 ,!y are 
out (  ! way "h1 n too high = ! h5s1 nor
 too l[ = y4 ,squ>e  ne/s1 f\rte5 in*es 
ea* way & at lea/ a foot f ! dropp+s    
plat=m1 are satisfactory4 ,a long door  
h+$ at ! top & hook$  at ! bottom %\ld  
=m ! back ( a r[ ( ne/s4 ,y op5 ?is to  
ga!r eggs & to clean ! ne/s4 ,! front1  
:]e ! h5s ent]1  %\ld be 9 beh9d "u !   
plat=m4 ,z x is r d>k 9 !re1  ! h5s are 
pleas$1 because !y l to pres]ve ! old-"t
  fiction t !y are hid+ _! ne/s away4 ,!

 ne/ %\ld be five  or six in*es deep4   
,/raw is ! be/ ne/+ mat]ial4 ,%ort hay  
is  next be/4 ,a h5 _c be happy )       
excelsior twi/$ r\nd h] toes  & an      
unhappy h5 is an unproductive h54    ,! 
du/ ba? mu/ be provid$4 ,mo/ ba?s are   
wet b h5s are dry  clean]s4 ,! du/ ba?  
mu/ be dry to be ( any use2 ! light]1   
f9]1 & dry] ! bett]4 ,a sunny corn] ( ! 
h\se or %$ is !  be/ place4 ,sift$ coal 
a%es & /reet du/ is a good mixture4     
,all[ j z mu* space = ! runs z y c af=d 
to f5ce4 ,if  possible divide !         
enclosure 9 two & keep "o "p se$$ to    
clov]  :ile ! *ick5s are 9 ! o!r4 ,!    
heavi] f[ls usually make  v little      
tr\ble fly+ ov] a f5ce ( five foot wire 
nett+ ev5  ?\gh x h no top /rip4 ,clipp+
 "o w+ may be necess>y to  re/ra9 "s    
individuals4 ,small trees 9 ! runs are  
mo/ desirable4  ,plant !re su* small    
fruit trees z plum or *]ry & ! h5s w    
help to keep insects 9 *eck4            
,illu/ration3 ,cov]$ du/ ba? 9 sunny    
corn]    ,"o ( ! bigge/ items ( "w 9 !  

*ick5 bus9ess is keep+  ! h\se clean4 ,!
 heal?1 com=t1 happ9ess1 & ! v life (  !
 h5s1 z well z ! bus9ess1 dep5d on ?is4 
,_m a boy ) a  sort ( natural knack at  
c>p5try c build a *ick5 h\se out (      
second-h& lumb] or out ( a c\ple ( piano
 boxes4 ,b x takes a  long di/ance =m ( 
gumption to keep any *ick5 h\se sanit>y4
  ,! dropp+s %\ld be clean$ up (t5 & "r 
"h a ^w to !  wise4 ,h5 manure is a     
valuable g>d5 f]tiliz] if x is spr9kl$  
) l& pla/] :ile fre%4 ,o!rwise x may    
become v ne>ly  wor?less4 ,s if y h a   
g>d5 or c dispose ( y\r f]tiliz]  e day 
or two y c make some?+ extra on ?is     
by-product by a  semi-weekly clean+ (   
roo/s & dropp+s bo>d4 ,litt] is n dirt  
9 ! *ick5 h\se b x ought to be dry1 fre%
 litt]4    ,x is n en\gh t ! h\se %\ld  
look clean4 ,! obvi\s dirt1  bad z x is1
 does less h>m ?an ! almo/ invisible    
v]m9 t  lurk 9 ! crevices ( roo/s1 ne/s1
 & walls4 ,:itewa% is a v  :olesome f9i%
 = ! int]ior & %\ld be put on at lea/   
twice a  ye>4 ,?is is n en\gh h[ev]4 ,e 

squ>e in* ( surface %\ld  be wet        
?or\ghly ) "s liquid :i* is sure dea? to
 v]m94 ,spray  or bru% may be us$4 ,i   
wond] if ?is c\ld be done too (t5 9 hot 
wea!r4 ,once a mon? is probably (t5     
en\gh if good insect p[d]  is us$ on !  
h5s & 9 ! ne/s4 ,9 w9t] ! v]m9 are less 
active1 b x is n safe to neglect !m ev5 
!n4      ,,food ,,& ,,fe$+    ,h5s are  
kn[n to be omnivor\s4 ,!y mu/ h animal &
 m9]al z  well z vegetable food4 ,!y ne$
 ^! ?+s 9 v>iable quantities  dep5d+ on 
_! occupation4 ,! h5's ma9 duties are   
gr[+1  lay+1 brood+1 m\lt+1 fatt5+4 ,%e 
ne$s a great v>iety (  ^! ?ree classes (
 foods ?r\gh\t h] life4 ,/udy y\r flock1
  read ( ! exp]i5ces ( o!rs 9 magaz9es1 
bullet9s1 & books1  foll[ _! advice1 &  
"w out mixtures & me?ods to suit y\r    
conditions aft] y ga9 exp]i5ce4 ,! h5s w
 give y _m a  h9t4 ,let !m out ( ! p5 n[
 & !n j be=e fe$+ "t  & see h[ !y make =
 ! grass4 ,9 ! ev5+ ! e>?worms are  ne> 
! surface4 ,! h5s dev\r !m gre$ily4 ,y c
 get ! flock  back easily if y h a call1

 :i/le1 or o!r signal :i* !y  associate 
) gra9-scatt]+1 b !y w g 9 at twilight  
anyh[4    ,sitt+ h5s ne$ less food      
because ( _! s$5t>y occupation4 ,!  ma9 
?+ is to keep food & fre% wat] :]e !y c 
get x :5  !y want x1 or see t !y g to x 
regul>ly4    ,broody h5s are a trial4 ,!
 common practices ( />v+ !m1 duck+  !m1 
& o!rwise subject+ !m to indignities1   
are little %ort  ( cruel & (t5 fail to  
cure _! natural desire to sit4 ,/op &   
reason n )1 b ab\t1 ! h54 ,hav+ laid all
 ! eggs nature  has provid$ dur+ ! spr+1
 ! h5's in/9ct is to brood & re>  a     
ne/ful4 ,%e has work$ h>d & maybe is run
 d[n physically4 ,feel  h] bones4 ,:at y
 want f h] is m eggs4 ,in/ead ( wa/+ "t 
gett+ ev5 ) h] = be+ a nuisance1 try "s 
rational way (  break+ up h] desire to  
sit4 ,remove h] imm$iately f ! ne/ to  a
 coop4 ,in/ead ( />v+ h] give h] a      
pl5tiful supply ( ! diet  y h f\nd be/ =
 lay]s4 ,%e w probably soon beg9 to lay 
aga9 if treat$ s5sibly4    ,illu/ration3
 ,racks ov] fe$ pans prev5t wa/e & soil+

 food    ,m\lt+ is a p]fectly natural   
process b x occurs at ! end (  ! season 
& ! *ick5s are (t5 9 a l[ /ate (        
vitality4  ,= ?is reason x is a critical
 "t4 ,/udy ! h5s4 ,f9d out :at  _!      
physical condition is at m\lt+ season4  
,! be/ condition is  half-way betwe5 fat
 & ?94 ,if !y are ?91 provide a :olesome
  diet ri* 9 fatty foods1 z corn1 oats1 
sunfl[]1 & "s flaxse$1  ) bran1 meat    
scraps1 & clov]4 ,if heavy ) fat f too  
ri*  a diet 9 ! summ]1 less ( !         
fat-produc+ foods makes a bett]  m\lt+  
diet4    ,! quality & flav\r ( ! eggs & 
meat dep5d pretty mu* on !  k9d ( food  
giv54 ,if fil? is tak5 into ! h5's sy/em
 x affects  h] g5]al heal? & effici5cy4 
,!re is an op9ion t h5s &  pigs are by  
nature dirty4 ,we w n /op to argue t1 b 
y\r h5s  w eat no?+ b clean food if no?+
 else is provid$4 ,t's  c]ta96 ,look to 
y\r fe$+ racks & wat]+ pans4 ,use wat]  
freely  & a /iff bru% or clo?4 ,clean   
wat] is positively necess>y4 ,all  sorts
 ( diseases lurk 9 dirty h\ses1 fil?y   

runs1 & /ale1 unclean  fe$+ & dr9k+     
pans4    ,regul>ity 9 fe$+ is important4
 ,d n g into ?is bus9ess if  y expect   
frequ5tly to be o!rwise employ$ at fe$+ 
"t4 ,!  ma9 fe$+s are two1 morn+ & late 
aft]noon1 = :ole or crack$  gra9 scatt]$
 9 ! litt]4 ,gr\nd gra9 %\ld be !re1 9 a
  hopp]1 at all h\rs 9 summ] & all !    
aft]noon ! re/ ( !  ye>4 ,! ex]cise !y  
mu/ take to get ! gra9 keeps ! h5s f    
gett+ fat & lazy4    ,a busy h5 is a    
happy h5 & a productive h54 ,hang a half
 cabbage up  j out ( rea* 9 ! h\se on a 
/ormy day & see !m tra9 =  ! /&+ broad  
jump6 ,if y c get :at is kn[n z !       
haslet1  really ! lungs1 he>t1 & liv] ( 
a pork] or lamb1 y c susp5d  ?is 9 !    
same way & !y w "w all ! bett] = x4     
,,rais+ ,,"y ,,*ick5s    ,illu/ration3  
,model *ick5 coop--op5 on pleasant days 
,x is poor practice to set y\r h5s 9 !  
*ick5 h\se4 ,prep>e  z _m fre% ne/s z y 
expect to ne$4 ,put !m 9 ! cell>1  unus$
 %$1 "u ! por*1 or any conv5i5t &       
protect$ place4  ,doors ( wire nett+ or 

slats are a great conv5i5ce4 ,:5 a h5 is
  broody1 take h] (f ! ne/ ! fir/ night 
& put h] into !  new place ) an         
artificial egg or two4 ,t5 to "o %e w   
/ay all  "r4 ,if n1 d n wa/e "t ) h]4   
,:5 assur$ t h] m9d  is unalt]ably made 
up1 give h] ?irte5 eggs & close ! door  
on  h] aga94 ,set two or ?ree ! same day
 & lat] comb9e ! flocks  "u "o h54      
,select ! eggs ) ref]5ce to _! %ape1    
size1 &  quality ( %ell4 ,mis%ap51 v    
l>ge1 or v small eggs or ^?  ) ?9 %ells 
are wor?less = sett+4 ,set ! eggs ( !   
be/  lay]s4 ,e morn+ take sitt]s (f     
ne/s1 leave food & wat] =  !m1 & return 
9 half an h\r4 ,usually !y are all back 
9 _!  places 9 less "t ?an t4 ,if n1 y c
 replace & %ut !m 9  aga94 ,9 eighte5 to
 tw5ty-"o days ! eggs w hat*4           
,probably m little *icks die f lice ?an 
f any o!r cause4  ,prev5tive measures   
mu/ beg9 e>ly4 ,get fre%1 dry insect    
p[d] &  treat ! ne/ & h5 ab\t ! ?ird1 ! 
n9?1 & ! fifte5?  day ( incubation4 ,rub
 ! p[d] all ?r\gh ! fea!rs4 ,f9e du/    

ob/ructs ! brea?+ pores ( ! lice & kills
 !m4 ,:5 y  take ! *icks f ! ne/ exam9e 
! head1 neck1 & v5t regions  ( e "o4 ,if
 lice are pres5t a drop ( melt$ l>d w   
put an end  to !m4 ,con/ant vigilance & 
no?+ %ort ( x1 w prev5t dea?  f lice4   
,illu/ration3 ,prop ! door op51 ?us1 9  
ra91 w9d1 or too hot sun    ,a good     
home-made lice p[d]1 co/+ only ab\t f\r 
c5ts a p\nd1  may be made z foll[s3 ,mix
 toge!r "o qu>t] p9t crude c>bolic  acid
 7#ij p] c5t4 pure71 & ?ree qu>t]s ( a  
p9t ( gasol5e4  ,/ir into ?is en\gh     
pla/] ( ,p>is to take up ! liquid1 7ab\t
  two & "o half p\nds74 ,mix ?or\ghly & 
rub ?r\gh a wire  mosquito scre5 to     
break ! lumps4 ,?is c be us$ to du/     
?r\gh  ! fea!rs1 ! day aft] x is made4  
,keep 9 a tight j> or box4  ,?is p[d] is
 ! inv5tion ( an exp]t 9 p\ltry husb&ry4
    ,! coops = h5 & *icks ne$ n be      
pond]\s1 b !y %\ld be  ra9 pro(4 ,a coop
 two & "o half feet squ>e ) removable   
ro(  & floor is n too heavy to h&le &   
answ]s e purpose4 ,a wire  nett+ run    

?ree or f\r feet long atta*$ to ea* coop
 is necess>y  & ?is comb9ation w h\se a 
h5 & f fifte5 to tw5ty  *ick5s4         
,illu/ration3 ,clos$ = ! night4         
,v]m9-pro(1 wea!r-pro(4  ,scre5-cov]$   
v5tilator on "o side    ,illu/ration3   
,bottom ( model coop c be clean$ by     
lift+ up !  coop    ,all ! food a "y    
*ick ne$s ! fir/ tw5ty-f\r h\rs is      
provid$ by nature4 ,aft] t x is up to y4
 ,_! fir/ meal may  be h>d-boil$ eggs   
m9c$ f9ely1 %ells & all1 & mix$ )       
oatmeal or cu/>d made ( milk & eggs bak$
 h>d1 or x may be bak$  & crumbl$ corn  
bread4 ,by ! ?ird day !y w be ready =   
raw  brok5 gra94 ,!re are _m good       
comm]cial k9ds3 less tr\ble ?an  mak+   
y\r own mixtures4 ,! *icks w le>n to    
scrat* = ?is  9 a week or two4 ,! h5 is 
_! tea*]4 ,f9e grit1 *>coal1 &  clean   
wat] mu/ be kept :]e !y c get :at !y    
want4 ,s(t food  %\ld n be f$ 9 unlimit$
 quantities2 give :at !y w eat 9  five  
or t5 m9utes1 !n take x away4 ,!y are   
likely to ov]-eat (  wet ma%es1 b :at !y

 h to "w = is n likely to give !m       
indige/ion4    ,:5 *ick5s are two mon?s 
old !y no long] ne$ wet ma%4 ,!y  %\ld  
n[ h access to food :5ev] !y want x4 ,a 
mixture (  crack$ corn1 :eat1 beef      
scrap1 bone1 grit1 %ell1 & o!r gra9s1  )
 dry middl+s & bran1 may be put into a  
slatt$ self-fe$]1  l ! illu/ration1     
easily con/ruct$ by y\rself4 ,x is n mu*
  tr\ble to see t ?is is nev] empty4 ,if
 f$ only at int]vals !y  ru% at y1 bolt 
! bigge/ gra9s1 /uff _! crops1 cr[d away
  weak or mode/ ones2 result1 "s are    
"u-f$1 o!rs are ov]-f$4  ,if food is    
kept :]e !y c get x :5ev] !y happ5 to   
?9k  ( x !y take a reasonable am\nt1 !n 
visit ! gr[+ clov] or  grass1 pick up a 
casual pebble1 take a dr9k ( wat]1      
scrat* out a  worm1 & return to ! fe$   
tray1 all 9 natural c\rse ( ! day's  "w4
    ,y w want to get rid ( mo/ ( y\r "y 
cock]els z soon z  !y are m>ketable4    
,broil]s br+ highe/ prices4 ,to put !m 9
  tip-top condition !y %\ld be fatt5$ = 
ab\t two to ?ree weeks  :5 !y are f\r   

mon?s old4 ,!re is no?+ bett] = fatt5+  
?an a ma% made ( equal p>ts f9ely gr\nd 
corn meal & :eat  middl+s ) "o f\r? !   
quantity ( meat meal4 ,?is %\ld be wet  
) s\r skim-milk or butt]milk & f$ 9 a   
semi-liquid condition1  ab\t ! consi/5cy
 ( pancake batt]4 ,gr\nd oats may be    
add$4 ,!  product is kn[n 9 ! highe/    
pric$ city hotels z milk f$ or  ev5     
cream f$ *ick54 ,if y c get skim-milk   
*eap :y n buy  a bun* ( "y cock]els &   
/uff !m = m>ket8 ,!y h be5  kn[n to put 
on a p\nd = e five p\nds ( ?is mixture  
eat54      ,,bus9ess ,,me?ods    ,! day 
y drive y\r fir/ nail into :at is to be 
y\r *ick5  h\se y %\ld />t an acc\nt4 ,e
 item %\ld g d[n1 co/ (  mat]ials1 co/ (
 /ock1 co/ ( fe$4 ,economize :]e y c by 
utiliz+ vacant space = gr[+ clov] =     
summ] fe$ & "s  root crop l mangolds =  
w9t] supply4 ,apples are f9e 9 w9t]  =  
h5s4 ,y c (t5 get bu%els ( w9dfalls = ! 
pick+4  ,sunfl[]s are easy to gr[ & _!  
heads hold a trem5d\s lot (  *ick5 fe$4 
,table scraps gr\nd ) a h& mill v>y !   

h5's diet1  b d avoid sloppy messes4    
,!re are two sides to e acc\nt4 ,if y   
*>ge ! *ick5s )  :at !y co/ y1 x is only
 fair to y\rself & to !m to cr$it  !m ) 
! eggs & meat !y furni%1 z well z )     
increase (  /ock1 etc4    ,illu/ration3 
,trap-ne/ op54 ,! h5's weight %uts !    
door beh9d  h]    ,9 e flock !re are "s 
idl]s4 ,!y lay only a hundr$ or s  eggs1
 !y leave _! eggs too long :5 sitt+1 or 
!y nev] put  on any weight4 ,y want to  
be rid ( all su*4 ,y c m>k ! bad        
sitt]s1 & s5d !m to ! pot1 z well z ^?  
^: habits are  su* z to make !m a       
nuisance4 ,b y ne$ to "k :i* f[ls lay  !
 bigge/ & be/ eggs & :i* lay ! l>ge/    
numb]4 ,= m>ket  9 our c\ntry :]e eggs  
are sold by ! doz5 x is numb]s t  c\nt1 
b = bre$+ y want eggs ( good size &     
%ape4 ,y also  want to set ! eggs ( !   
good lay]s4 ,^! eggs ta/e no bett]  9   
cake or omelet1 b by c>eful selection y 
c bre$ a /ra9  ( extra good lay]s1 "r 9 
y\r h5 h\se4 ,! device kn[n z a         
trap-ne/ is ! ?+ y w ne$ if y g at x    

sci5tifically4  ,y want x 9 w9t]1 too1  
to prev5t kill+ y\r be/ h5s =  potpie1  
:ile ! idl]s *e]fully eat y\r gra9 )\t  
recomp5se4  ,! simpl] ! me*anism ( !    
trap-ne/ ! bett]4 ,x mu/ /&  op5 until !
 h5 ent]s1 !n close )\t fright5+ h]4    
,mo/ (  !m keep ! h5 a prison] until y g
 & exam9e ! ne/1 cr$it  ! h5 by h]      
leg-b& numb]1 & release h]4 ,by foll[+ !
  draw+s 9 ! bullet9s ( ! ,new ,york &  
,ma9e ,exp]im5t ,/ations  ref]r$ to 9 ! 
li/ ( bullet9s on *ick5s y c con/ruct   
y\r  own trap-ne/s4    ,illu/ration3    
,trap-ne/ clos$ aft] h5 has gone 9      
,!re are p :o claim t common *ick5s or  
mix$ bre$s  are h>di] ?an pure br$ f[ls 
& bett] all ar\nd produc]s4  ,h[ _m c %[
 records to make good t claim8 ,am]ican 
boys &  girls :o g into *ick5 rais+ w   
want to bre$ f good pure  /ock4 ,no?+ is
 too good = !m4 ,did y ev] he> any "o %[
 any  en?usiasm :5 pass+ a flock (      
mongrels8 ,contra/ ?is ) !  delight y & 
all y\r fri5ds take 9 ! sight ( a hundr$
 f[ls  all :ite1 all r$1 all spangl$1   

all black1 all piebald1 all blue1  or   
all speckl$1 z alike z peas 9 a pod6 ,i 
vote = ! pure /ock  e "t4 ,y c keep x   
pure & /rong by ex*ang+ cock]els  ) o!r 
bre$]s ( ! same v>iety & ) simil> ideals
 &  practices4    ,keep+ *ick5s isn't   
m]e *ild's play4 ,!re's lots to be done4
 ,y  mu/ be c>p5t]1 g>d5]1 bre$]1       
m]*ant1 & ev5 doctor1 all  roll$ into   
"o4 ,b !re is fun 9 x & pr(it 9 x4      
,bett] ?an  all1 !re is a satisfaction 9
 do+ a good job & do+ x well1 &  x keeps
 a boy out ( doors :]e he belongs if    
he's a heal?y boy4                      
,,egg ,,records    ,,h\se ,,no4         
,,mat*$                  ,,bird ,,no4   
,,p5 ,,no4                              
,,v>iety         ,,date                 
,,nov4,,dec4,,jan4,,feb4,,m>4,,apr4,,may
 ,,june,,july,,aug4,,sept4,,oct4        
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,,totals--------------------------------
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,! egg record is ! up-to-date way (     
keep+ tab on idl]s4 ,x goes  ) !        
trap-ne/4    ,illu/ration3 ,a useful h5 
gate    ,z ) _m o!r products ( home     
indu/ry ! fir/ & be/ m>ket  is ! home   
m>ket4 ,cr$it ! h5s ) e p\nd ( meat y   
furni% = ! table & e egg consum$ by !   
family4 ,b y  w soon ne$ to ext5d y\r   
m>ket4 ,across ! /reet1 up & d[n  on bo?
 sides1 y c f9d p :o l p]sonally        
conduct$  eggs & pref] t ! f[ls s]v$ on 
_! tables %\ld be  acqua9tances r ?an ! 
embalm$ k9d4 ,y mu/ be bus9ess man      
en\gh to "w up a trade = fre%1 clean    

eggs 9 attractive packages1  & =        
:olesome meat4 ,x w\ld be a good /roke (
 bus9ess to date  y\r eggs if y "k :at  
dem& y c dep5d on4 ,t w\ld help  impress
 ! idea ( real fre%ness on ! consum]'s  
m9d4    ,if y pluck f[ls = m>ket x w    
int]e/ y to "k t  fea!rs h a m>ket      
value4 ,!y %\ld be pluck$ dry & ! w+  & 
tail fea!rs kept sep>ate4 ,any l>ge city
 deal] 9 *ick5s w  probably take y\r    
fea!rs4 ,by-products (t5 make ! diff]5ce
  betwe5 plus & m9us 9 a ye>'s bus9ess4 
,! w9n] ( ! fir/ prize ( "o hundr$      
doll>s 9 ! ,junior  ,p\ltry ,conte/ ( ! 
,oregon ,agricultural ,college tells ?is
 /ory3      ,,rais+ ,,*ick5s    ,boys & 
girls %\ld raise *ick5s 9 ! city z well 
z on ! f>m  because x pays & is a f9e   
occupation4 ,x is a "w t nev] gr[s      
tiresome & new exp]i5ces are always     
await+ y4 ,v>i\s !ories  are advocat$ z 
to ! prop] mann] ( fe$+ & h\s+ to get  !
 be/ results b simple rules are ! be/ to
 beg9 )4 ,pl5ty  ( clean wat]1 clean    
h\ses & y>ds & good fe$ are ne$$ to get 

! be/ results4 ,spade up a little 9 !   
*ick5 y>d e day t  is pleasant1 b if x  
is cold & 9 wet wea!r provide a scrat*+ 
%$4 ,keep ! h5s busy4 ,read ! bullet9s  
furni%$ free by !  gov]nm5t & ! v>i\s   
exp]im5t /ations4 ,also subscribe to a  
good p\ltry pap]4 ,! ideas y w get f ^! 
toge!r )  y\r own exp]i5ce w make y a   
successful p\ltry rais]4 ,by do+  all t 
0 /at$ above ,i 0 able to w9 fir/ prize 
9 ! p\ltry  conte/ j clos$4             
,,cl>5ce ,a4 ,,hogan      ,,success ,,) 
,,*ick5s    ,! conte/ ( ! ,portl&       
,junior ,p\ltry ,association has clos$4 
,x  la/$ a :ole ye>1 & x seem$ z if x   
w\ld nev] come to an end4  ,b if x _h n 
be5 = ! conte/ ,i w\ld nev] h kn[n _m ( 
! int]e/+ ?+s ,i n[ "k ab\t *ick5s4     
,i _h twelve :ite ,leghorn h5s & a cock 
ent]$4 ,!y 7 all  little beauties & ,i  
enjoy$ work+ ) !m v mu*4    ,!y laid "o 
?\s& six hundr$ tw5ty-two eggs dur+ !   
ye>4 ,!  eggs 7 wor? f tw5ty-five to    
sixty c5ts a doz54 ,we f$ !m  :eat1     
corn1 b>ley1 oats1 & bran 9 :i* table   

scraps 7 mix$1  oy/] %ells1 grit1 prep>$
 beef scraps1 *>coal1 & gre5 foods  su* 
z grass f ! lawn1 cabbage1 kale1 &      
lettuce & o!r  gre5 ?+s f ! g>d54 ,ea*  
h5 made u a pr(it ( two doll>s  &       
sev5ty-two c5ts = ! ye>4    ,*ick5s ne$ 
lots ( c>e4 ,_! h\se mu/ be clean$ out1 
!re  %\ld be "s fre% gr\nd dug up 9 !   
y>d1 & !y ne$ "s  gre5 food e day4 ,papa
 took c>e ( ! h\se1 & ,i m[$ ! lawn  &  
gave !m ! clipp+s & ga!r$ cabbage       
leaves1 kale leaves1  & lettuce leaves  
out ( ! g>d5 & gave !m ea* day4    ,9 ! 
spr+ "t we let !m out a few m9utes e    
morn+ to get  bugs & worms4 ,!y soon _h 
all ! bugs & worms scrat*$ out  ( ! g>d5
 & !n !y ran out 9 ! y>d & scrat*$ up ! 
fl[] b$s1 :i* did n please mamma v well4
 ,aft] t !y  want$ to g to ! neighb\r's 
y>d b we _h to keep !m up4 ,?is  0 be=e 
we made ! g>d54    ,*ick5s make nice    
pets4 ,!y are mu* nic] ?an dogs or cats1
 &  if y take good c>e ( !m !y w pay    
well beside4 ,i _h a nice  little :ite  
,leghorn h5 ,i call$ ,petty4 ,:5 %e 0 a 

little  *ick5 ,i w\ld cat* h] e day &   
play ) h]4 ,%e w\ld g 9  ! ne/ & wait = 
"s "o to take h] out & pet h]4 ,%e got s
  tame t ,i c\ld cat* h] any place 9 !  
y>d4 ,i w\ld g 9 !  y>d & get h] & take 
h] out 9 ! g>d5 & dig = h] & let  h] f9d
 ! bugs & worms4    ,i _h ano!r little  
*ick5 t ,i call$ ,jim4 ,he 0 a cute     
little  roo/]4 ,:5 he 0 j a little *ick5
 ,i w\ld put him to b$ e  night & :5 he 
grew a little old] he w\ld n g to b$    
alone4  ,"o night we w]5't at home at 8 
b$time & :5 we came home t  night we    
he>d a funny little noise 9 ! back y>d4 
,x 0 ra9+  & ,jim _h gone "u ! sweet pea
 v9es to sleep in/ead ( go+  into 8 box4
    ,! fir/ little *icks we hat*$ we    
took away f ! h5 & rais$  !m by h&4 ,=  
ab\t a week aft] !y 7 hat*$ we put !m 9 
a basket & cov]$ !m ov] ) w>m1 wooll5   
clo?s & set !m  by ! /ove to keep w>m   
ov] night4 ,i _h a pea* box ) a wire    
cov]+ to keep !m 91 9 ! daytime4 ,on    
sun%9y days we set !m  out 9 ! sun%9e b 
aft] ab\t a week !y 7 n satisfi$ )  t4  

,i decid$ t :at !y want$ 0 to get out & 
run = bugs4  ,s "o aft]noon :5 ,i came  
home f s*ool x 0 nice & sun%9y  & ,i let
 !m out ( _! box4 ,:5 !y fir/ /epp$ into
 ! grass  !y 7 surpris$4 ,t 0 ! fir/ "t 
!y _h ev] /epp$  on ! lawn4 ,!y ran "r  
to a rose bu% & /ay$ "r !re all  ! "t   
pick+ (f bugs4 ,ea* ev5+ ,i let !m out  
!y w\ld g  a little f>!r away f home4   
,at la/ !y _h caught all ! bugs  ar\nd !
 place & if we did n wat*1 !y w\ld run  
ov] to !  neighb\r's y>d4 ,i am anxi\s =
 ! "t to come :5 we w h  m little *icks4
                                        
,,ru? ,,hayes    ,! girl :o tells ?is   
/ory is ?irte5 ye>s old4 ,%e won second 
prize1 fifty doll>s4      ,,ano!r       
,,prize ,,w9n]',s ,,/ory    ,dur+ ! "t t
 ,i h be5 tak+ c>e ( p\ltry ,i h be5    
successful4 ,i only _h six *ick5s 9 !   
,oregon ,junior ,p\ltry  ,conte/1 five  
h5s & a roo/]1 b ,i h ab\t fifty o!r    
*ick5s  to take c>e (4 ,! *ick5s t ,i _h
 9 ! conte/ 7 ,black  ,m9orcas1 b ,i    
also raise ,:ite ,wy&ottes4 ,i seem to h

 bett]  success ) my ,:ite ,wy&ottes ?an
 ) my ,black ,m9orcas4 ,!  h\se ,i h = !
 conte/ *ick5s is twelve feet wide & six
 feet  long4 ,! place !y roo/ 9 is f\r  
feet by six & ! re/ is a  scrat*+ %$1   
:i* is eight feet by six4 ,! h\se is op5
 front  & has a gr\nd floor1 :i* is dry 
& ! *ick5s c du/ 9 x4    ,i fe$ !m ?ree 
times a day1 gra9 morn+ & noon1 :i* ,i  
fe$  9 litt]1 & a w>m ma% at night s !y 
c g to roo/ w>m4 ,i  also keep bran1    
*>coal1 & grit be=e !m all ! "t4 ,i h  a
 bone cutt]1 & fe$ cut bone to my *ick5s
 once a week4 ,i clean  (f ! drop bo>d e
 morn+1 & once a week ,i coal-oil ! roo/
  & :]e ! roo/ re/s4 ,dur+ ?is cold     
wea!r ,i d n let !  *ick5s out v e>ly & 
:5 x is ra9+ ,i d n let !m out  at all4 
,e night aft] ! *ick5s h gone to roo/ ,i
 g out &  ?r[ a little gra9 9 _! litt] &
 t gives !m some?+ to  d ! fir/ ?+ 9 !  
morn+4    ,i am sorry t ,i did n h a    
photograph ( myself to s5d y4           
,,frank ,,mit*ell      ,a ,,boy ,,fe$s  
,,six ,,?\s& ,,h5s ,,9 ,,half ,,an ,,h\r

    ,:at d y "k ab\t t8 ,i saw ?is feat 
done la/ w9t] by a  f\rte5-ye> old      
,cali=nia boy1 & ,i took 8 photograph z 
he 0  do+ x4 ,:at c a boy n d if he has 
! opportunity8 ,!re are  o!r boys :o f9d
 x a h>d] task & a m disagreeable "o to 
fe$ half a doz5 h5s4 ,a boy c fe$ six   
?\s& h5s & ga!r two  or ?ree ?\s& eggs a
 day & g to s*ool4    ,?is ,cali=nia boy
 _h a gray pony to help him1 b :at      
enabl$ him  to p]=m ?is feat day aft]   
day 0 sy/em4 ,8 uncle1 ! own] (  ! f>m1 
_h plann$ ! "w to make x easy4 ,! f>m   
conta9s "o  hundr$ & tw5ty acres1 & !   
six ?\s& h5s are scatt]$ ov]  ! :ole f>m
 9 colony h\ses4 ,! sy/em ( fe$+ 0 a    
lib]al  fe$ ( s(t ma% 9 ! morn+4 ,?ree  
colony h\ses 7 plac$  toge!r4 ,! middle 
"o 0 a lay+ h\se2 ! o!r two1 roo/+      
h\ses4 ,9 "o end ( ! lay+ h\se !re 0 a  
:eat b9 hold+  sev]al sacks ( :eat4 ,!  
b9 0 a self-fe$+ hopp]4 ,aft] d9n]  !   
f\rte5-ye> old boy jump$ on 8 gray horse
 & made ! r\nds  ( ! h\ses1 op5+ a door 
to ! hopp] ( :eat1 s t ! h5s  c\ld eat  

at w dur+ ! aft]noon4 ,x took j a mom5t 
to jump  (f ( 8 horse1 op5 ! door1 &    
jump on aga91 ! horse go+ on  ! lope    
betwe5 ! h\ses4 ,he made ! r\nds 9 less 
?an half an  h\r4 ,ab\t ?ree or f\r     
o'clock he hit*$ 8 pony to a l[ wagon  &
 visit$ all ! h\ses1 ga!r+ ! eggs4 ,?is 
0 a bigg] job  ?an fe$+ ! h5s2 he c\ld n
 g z fa/ ) ! eggs4 ,9 !  morn+1 ab\t    
sev5 o'clock1 he makes ! r\nds ( !      
h\ses1 &  )\t gett+ (f 8 horse op5s !   
doors to ! lay+ h\ses1 &  does x all 9  
fifte5 m9utes4 ,:at d y "k ab\t t8      
,,james ,,dryd5      ,,an ,,amateur',s  
,,exp]i5ce    ,9 ,april1 n9ete5 hundr$ &
 "o1 ,i pur*as$ f\r broody h5s1 two     
sett+s ( ,:ite ,wy&otte eggs1 & two (   
,plym\? ,rock4 ,i live  9 a suburban    
di/rict :]e dogs & cats ab\nd & p\ltry  
_c  h free range4 ,i !re=e made two     
wire-cov]$ bo>d runs1 six  feet by      
eight1 eighte5 in*es high1 & aga9/ a    
six-in* hole saw$  9 "o end ( ea* ,i    
plac$ a box turn$ on its side = a coop4 
,(  tw5ty-eight ,wy&otte eggs1 tw5ty-six

 hat*$1 & ?ree *icks di$4  ,( tw5ty-six 
,plym\? ,rocks only ?ree hat*$1 & ^! ,i 
put )  ! ,wy&ottes 9 c>e ( ! two mo/    
mo!rly h5s4    ,e morn+ ,i f$ a ma% (   
meal1 %orts1 & beef scraps1 9 equal     
p>ts1 mix$ dry ) boil+ wat]2 at noon &  
night oatmeal1  crack$ :eat1 or         
occasionally crack$ corn1 & clean table 
scraps  at any "t4 ,oy/] %ells & fre%   
wat] 7 always be=e !m4  ,mo!rs & *ildr5 
ate toge!r1 ea* tak+ :at %e lik$ be/4 ,z
  (t5 z !y soil$ ! grass ,i %ift$ !     
runs1 & on f9e days ,i  let ! families  
out = an h\r be=e d>k into an adjo9+    
field1  keep+ an eye on _! w&]+s4       
,octob] fir/ ,i sold ! f\r h5s1 :i* _h  
laid mean:ile fifte5  & a half doz5     
eggs4 ,twelve *icks 7 cock]els1 :i* 7   
kill$  z ne$$4    ,novemb] fir/ ,i r$uc$
 ! daily fe$ to two meals--a w>m ma% at 
half pa/ eight ,a4,m4 s t !y w\ld scrat*
 a:ile be=e be+  f$1 & = supp] gra91    
g5]ally oats1 scatt]$ ab\t ! y>d1  ) a  
few h&fuls inside ! h\se to induce m    
scrat*+4 ,!y  _h all !y w\ld eat1 b if  

!y left any food ,i skipp$ ! next  meal 
& let !m get hungry4 ,! wat] 0 r5ew$    
(t51 di%es kept  clean1 & field         
excursions cont9u$ occasionally4        
,novemb] six? ,i sold ! fir/ doz5 eggs1 
& = elev5 mon?s !  supply nev] fail$4 ,!
 eggs 7 l>ge1 & ! h5s 7 active1  heal?y1
 & happy4 ,any success ,i attribute to  
mod]ate fe$+1  ex]cise1 & cleanl9ess4   
,may #a1 #aija1 to ,augu/ #ae1 #aijb    
,,exp5ses        ,eggs1 ,:ite ,wy&otte  
#b4jj      ,express                     
4#be      ,eggs1 ,plym\? ,rock          
#a4jj      #d h5s                       
#b4fj      ,bo>ds1 net1 & boxes         
#a4bb      ,gra91 #ae mon?s             
#ca4da                                  
------                                  
#ch4dh                                  
,,receipts        ,eggs1 #ad pullets1   
#afb doz5              #dg4cc           
,eggs1 #d h5s1 #ae doz5                 
#c4ib      #ab cock]els1 #ee p\nds      
#aj4ce      #d h5s                      
#b4jj      #ad h5s 7sold by reason ( my 

illness7     #h4jj      #b b>rels dress+
                         #a4ej          
,runs1 etc41 on h&                      
#a4jj                                   
------                                  
#gd4aj                                  
#ch4dh                                  
------            ,pr(it                
#ce4fb                                  
,,belle ,s4 ,,crag9      ,,h[ ,i ,,/>t$ 
,,) ,,h5s    ,i am a boy1 ?irte5 ye>s   
old1 & h always be5 v fond ( f>m        
animals1 especially *ick5s4 ,i l ! ,:ite
 ,wy&ottes be/ =  all-ar\nd1            
g5]al-purpose f[ls4 ,!y lay well1 & :5  
!y are  dress$ = m>ket !re are no d>k   
p9-fea!rs to spoil _! looks4    ,9      
,april1 n9ete5 hundr$ & five1 ,i pur*as$
 two sett+s ( ,:ite  ,wy&otte eggs at ! 
,rhode ,isl& ,college1 & borr[$ two     
broody  h5s4 ,i b\ght "o ( ^! h5s lat]1 
b %e soon di$4 ,i fix$ up  an old pig   
h\se t 0 on ! place1 & set ! h5s 9 ?is  
h\se4    ,:ile !y 7 sitt+1 papa help$ me
 make two coops & p5s =  !m4 ,= ! coop  

,i took a dry-goods box1 ab\t f\r feet  
by "o &  "o half feet by fifte5 in*es1 &
 made a door 9 "o corn] l>ge  en\gh to  
admit a h54 ,9 "o end ,i bor$ "s holes &
 cov]$ !m  ) wire nett+1 = v5tilation4  
,= ! p5 ,i took f\r pieces ( scantl+ & a
 good supply ( la?s4  ,i us$ ! pieces ( 
scantl+ = ! corn]-po/s & nail$ !  la?s  
on ! sides1 top1 & "o end4 ,i did n put 
any?+ on !  o!r end except ! top &      
bottom /rips4 ,! p5 is j ! l5g?  ( a    
la?1 b ! wid? is a little less4 ,! op5  
end is plac$  aga9/ ! front ( ! coop2 ! 
h5 c !n come out into ! p51  & ! *icks c
 g any:]e4    ,aft] a:ile ! *icks hat*$ 
& !re 7 sixte5 ( !m4 ,at  fir/ ,i f$ !m 
a ma% ( corn meal & bran & lat] a little
  crack$ corn & :eat4 ,!y grew f9ely1 b 
,i rais$ only ?irte5 (  !m1 eight ( :i* 
7 pullets4    ,i f$ !m 9 ! back y>d = a 
:ile1 b !y dug ! grass up s  t ,i _h to 
/op x4 ,!n ,i built a scrat*+-p5 by !   
wood %$1  to fe$ !m 94    ,9 ! summ] !  
*ick5s 7 roo/+ 9 ! trees1 & :5 cold     
wea!r came & ,i want$ !m to roo/ 9 ! h5 

h\se !y w\ld n  d x4 ,i tri$ fe$+ !m    
!re1 & driv+ !m 92 b t did  n "w v well1
 because ,i c\ld n drive !m all 9 at    
once1 &  :5 ,i drove "s 9 & tri$ to get 
! re/1 ! fir/ ones w\ld  come out aga94 
,s ,i _h my bro!r help me1 & e night we 
w\ld  c>ry !m d[n to ! h5 h\se4 ,aft] a 
"t !y le>n$ to roo/  !re4    ,! pullets 
began to lay e>ly 9 ,novemb] & laid well
 all w9t]4 ,i  am pr\d ( "o ( my h5s4   
,%e laid two hundr$ & ?irty-eight eggs  
f ! eigh? ( ,novemb]1 n9ete5 hundr$ &   
five1 to ! fif? (  ,augu/1 n9ete5 hundr$
 & six4 ,i ?9k ?is is a v good record1  
consid]+ t dur+ ! mo/ ( t "t %e 0 f$    
no?+ b  crack$ corn4    ,dur+ ! fir/ "p 
( ! w9t] ( n9ete5 hundr$ & six to       
n9ete5 hundr$ & sev5 ! h5s did n lay v  
well1 & ,i ask$  "o ( ! p\ltry m5 at !  
,rhode ,isl& ,college :at to fe$ !m to  
make !m lay4 ,he told me :at he _h f$ ) 
good success1 & z x  made my h5s lay1 x 
may make somebody else's h5s lay4       
,,gra9                                  
,:ole corn      ,equal p>ts1 by weight1 

(       ,:eat                           
,oats                                   
,,ma%                                   
,bran      ,equal p>ts1 by weight1 (    
,middl+s                                
,corn meal                              
,beef scraps    ,?is means t !y w get m 
:eat & oats ?an corn1 & m  bran &       
middl+s ?an corn meal4 ,i fe$ ! gra9    
morn+ & night1  & ! ma% at noon4 ,! ma% 
may be f$ ei!r wet or dry4 ,i h  tri$ x 
bo? ways b ,i l to fe$ x dry fully z    
well = two  reasons3 ,fir/ ! h5s _c     
gobble x up s fa/ & all get an  equal   
%>e2 second1 ! h5s lay j z well & x     
saves lab\r4    ,fe$ is exp5sive "h & x 
co/ me ?ree doll>s & ?irty-n9e  c5ts =  
"o hundr$ p\nds ( bo? k9ds4 ,i ?9k ,i   
%all cont9ue to  fe$ x till ,i f9d      
some?+ bett]1 & ,i w\ld recomm5d x to   
any  "o :o desires a good1 satisfactory 
fe$4    ,my p\ltry record = "o ye> is z 
foll[s3                                 
,,p\ltry ,,acc\nt              ,,dr4    
,,cr4      ,jan41 fe$     #c4ae         

,jan41 eggs       #b4fc      ,m>*1 fe$  
4#bd      ,jan41 roa/]      4#ge        
,april1 %ells    4#bj      ,feb41 eggs  
#b4bh      ,may1 fe$       #a4he        
,m>*1 eggs       #a4hh      ,june1 fe$  
#a4bf      ,april1 eggs       #a4da     
,july1 fe$      #a4bh      ,may1 eggs   
#a4if      ,aug41 fe$      #c4ch        
,june1 eggs        #b4cb      ,oct41 fe$
      #a4bd      ,july1 eggs            
#a4he      ,nov41 fe$      #a4bd        
,aug41 eggs         4#fc                
------      ,sept41 eggs       #a4ab    
,total   #ac4hd      ,sept41 roa/]      
4#fe                                    
,oct41 eggs        #a4cb                
,oct41 premium      4#ge                
,nov41 eggs         4#ch                
------                                  
#ai4ic                                  
------            ,pr(it                
#f4ji    ,two ( my h5s di$ dur+ ! fir/  
ye>1 leav+ six1 h5ce ^! six  paid a     
pr(it ( "o doll> & "o & "o half c5t ea*1
 above co/  ( fe$4                      

,,leslie ,e4 ,,c>d      ,,h[ ,,"o ,,"y  
,,woman ,,made ,a ,,/>t ,,) ,,p\ltry    
,we _h long dream$ ( a c\ntry home1 my  
"m & ,i--( a place  :]e liv+ exp5ses    
w\ld be less5$ & :i* w\ld be pleasant   
dur+ ! summ] = my si/]s1 :o tea* eight  
mon?s ( ! ye>--a  place :]e we c\ld add 
mat]ially to our income by keep+ *ick5s4
    ,aft] disc>d+ ! idea ( buy+ ne> ,new
 ,york ,city1 because (  ! high] value (
 l& & great] co/ ( liv+1 we *ose a place
  ( twelve acres on ! edge ( an         
ari/ocratic old t[n 9 we/]n  ,new ,york4
 ,be+ )9 ! corporation limits we h wat] 
& sew]  connections1 h>dw>e & lumb]     
deliv]$ 7:i* is q an item :5  "o is     
build+ p\ltry h\ses72 &1 be/ ( all1 !   
expressman comes  = all eggs & p\ltry4  
,a woman int5d+ to g into ! p\ltry      
bus9ess w c]ta9ly f9d su* a location a  
great advantage ov]  be+ f>!r f t[n4 ,! 
increase 9 taxes is slight4 ,! co/ (    
expressage is1 ( c\rse1 great] ?an if we
 _h locat$ ne> ,new ,york  ,city1 b gra9
 is *eap]4    ,we pur*as$ ! place 9 !   

fall to h possession ! foll[+  ,m>*4    
,dur+ ! w9t]1 ,i took ! ?ree mon?s'     
,p\ltry ,c\rse at  ,cornell ,univ]sity4 
,! c\rse is compreh5sive & v practical4 
,beside le>n+ ! pr9ciples ( p\ltry      
husb&ry1 ,i ga9$  confid5ce & c\rage4   
,we paid two ?\s& six hundr$ doll>s = ! 
prop]ty & sp5t  f\r hundr$ doll>s m 9   
plumb+ & repairs on ! h\se4 ,!  place   
consi/s ( ab\t twelve acres ( v good l&1
 especially  suit$ = p\ltry1 be+ some:at
 s&y & slop+ en\gh =  dra9age4 ,! h\se  
is small b well built4 ,! view is       
magnific5t1  & ! place is easily        
adaptable to "s *>m+ bits ( l&scape     
g>d5+ :i* good ta/e & p]sonal sup]vision
 c accompli%  )\t exp5sive g>d5]'s fees4
    ,we fir/ built "s brood] h\ses1     
gasol5e heat$1 z us$ at  ,cornell1 &    
pur*as$ day-old *icks ( a good lay+     
/ra94 ,late 9  ! summ] we built a       
five-p5 lay+ h\se1 ! p5s be+ tw5ty by   
tw5ty feet1 us+ "o p5 = a fe$ room4 ,!  
entire fir/ ye> we  took c>e ( ! p\ltry 
ourselves1 ) ! assi/ance ( a s*oolboy   

:o work$ = 8 bo>d4 ,mo/ ( ! l& 0 9 hay1 
:i* we hir$  cut & sold1 & we rais$ "s  
corn4 ,i knew no?+ ab\t f>m+1  & 0 s    
int]e/$ 9 *ick5s t ,i _h little "t to   
/udy2  h[ev]1 ,i got ! ,cornell bullet9s
 on alfalfa & />t$ an acre  accord+ to  
_! sugge/ions4 ,?is has be5 successful &
 is f9e  fe$ = p\ltry4    ,! second spr+
 we hir$ a man by ! mon?4 ,"o man c take
 c>e (  twelve hundr$ h5s & ! horse1    
c>ry coal1 & drive = u "s (  ! "t4 ,!   
regul> f>m "w we hire done by ! day4 ,a 
woman ne$s  to pay special att5tion to  
keep+ d[n ! lab\r exp5ses4    ,! lay+   
h5s h ab\t ?ree acres = y>ds4 ,?is is   
divid$ into  ?ree diff]5t y>ds1 "o = !  
f\r hundr$ be/ pullets :i* ,i  take ! "t
 to trap-ne/1 & ! ?ird "o to be alt]nat$
 ) !  o!r two s t !y c all be pl\gh$ &  
se$$1 9 ord] to keep  ! gr\nd f becom+  
contam9at$4 ,i h plant$ *]ry trees 9  "o
 y>d & w 9 ! o!rs lat]1 to furni% %ade =
 ! f[ls4  ,i *ose *]ries = v>i\s        
reasons4 ,!y c /& ! enri*m5t &  !       
treatm5t ( ! l& necess>y = p\ltry2 also1

 if !y are well  c>$ =1 spray$1 etc41 ,i
 c get a fancy m>ket = !m at home4  ,!  
place _h be5 not$ 9 =m] ye>s = its f9e  
*]ry or*>d1  s ,i believ$ ! soil &      
location to be well adapt$ to !m4    ,we
 felt we c\ld n af=d to build an        
incubator cell>1 s we  mov$ ! furniture 
f a nor?-ea/ b$room :]e we plac$ ?ree   
f\r-hundr$-egg incubators4 ,we clos$ !  
ea/ %utt]s s t !  morn+ sun w\ld n      
int]f]e ) ! temp]ature & us$ ! nor?     
w9d[ = v5tilation4 ,x 0 successful &    
conv5i5t4    ,! brood] h\ses are locat$ 
ne> ! h\se z long z ! little  *icks ne$ 
heat4 ,i h />t$ a h$ge = a w9dbreak 9   
front  ( !m1 :i* w also scre5 ! p\ltry  
"p ( ! plantation  f ! h\se4 ,:5 ! *icks
 no long] ne$ heat ! hov]s ( !  brood]  
h\ses are remov$ & roo/s put 94 ,!      
h\ses1 :i* are on  runn]s1 are drawn to 
a cornfield z soon z ! corn has gr[n    
en\gh  n to be injur$ by ! *icks4 ,"h !y
 h free range all summ]4  ,by mov+ !    
fir/ hat*es to "s %ack h\ses1 :i* are   
*eaply  built1 :5 ! *icks no long] ne$  

heat ! brood] h\ses c be  us$ once aga94
    ,!re are two cornfields = gr[+ !    
pullets1 to be us$ 9  alt]nate ye>s s ! 
gr\nd w be fre%4 ,! corn gives %ade & a 
s5se ( security1 besides furni%+ a      
consid]able "p ( ! w9t]  fe$4 ,i hope to
 be able to gr[ corn = sev]al successive
 ye>s on  ! same gr\nd by s[+ ei!r clov]
 or rape at ! la/ cultivation  to furni%
 humus = ! l&4    ,! foll[+ 7 our       
initial exp5ses3        #c #djj-;egg    
incubators               #aaa4jj      #h
 brood] h\ses                    #cbj4jj
      #d %ack h\ses                     
#fj4jj      ,lay+ p5 = #a1bjj h5s       
#a1ejj4jj      ,f5ces                   
#id4jj      ,tools & equipm5t = p\ltry  
#ajj4jj                                 
---------          ,total               
#b1ahe4jj    ,la/ ye> ,i cle>$ two      
doll>s ov] ! co/ ( fe$ f ea* ( my       
lay]s1 f ! sale ( eggs alone4    ,!     
pleasure & fre$om ( c\ntry life are wor?
 mu*4 ,a g>d5 )  high quality           
vegetables1 fruit ( all k9ds & v>ieties1

 fre% eggs  & p\ltry1 goes a long way 9 
mak+ ! co/ ( liv+ less4 7,we  save      
crack$1 small1 or mis%ap5 eggs = our own
 use47 ,) a saddle  horse & a t5nis     
c\rt1 life 9 ! c\ntry is f> f dull4     
,,ava ,,hook]      ,,pres]v+ ,,eggs ,,= 
,,w9t] ,,use    ,:5 eggs are *eap &     
pl5ty is ! "t :5 x w pay to pres]ve  "s 
= w9t] use4 ,rememb]1 ?\gh1 t no am\nt (
 pres]v+1 or  cold /or+ w make a fre%   
egg out ( an old egg4 ,z inf]tile eggs  
keep bett] ?an f]tile ones1 x is well to
 sep>ate ! lay+ h5s  f ! roo/]s :5 !    
hat*+ season is ov]4    ,cold /orage is 
und\bt$ly ! be/ me?od = keep+ eggs 9    
:olesale quantities1 b = home           
consumption !re is no?+ m  satisfactory 
?an a pres]vative call$ wat] glass :i*  
is sodium  silicate & c be b\ght 9      
cry/al or liquid =m at drug /ores4      
,pr(4 ,j4 ,e4 ,rice ( ,cornell          
,univ]sity says t ! liquid =m is  v mu* 
to be pref]r$ ow+ to ! fact t x is v    
difficult  to dissolve ! cry/al4 ,"o "p 
( wat] glass to n9e p>ts ( wat]  makes a

 liquid hav+ a consi/5cy n q heavy en\gh
 to cause !  eggs to come to ! surface1 
b /ill suffici5tly /rong to furni%  !   
coat+ :i* prev5ts ! air f ent]+ ! %ells4
    ,/one j>s are recomm5d$ z inexp5sive
 & n likely to leak4  ,eggs tak5 out    
aft] ne>ly a ye> 9 ! wat] glass & wa%$  
look  l fre% eggs4 ,z to ta/e1 a v      
fa/idi\s p]son might f9d !  flav\r n q  
"r :5 s]v$ z boil$ eggs4 ,9 all o!r ways
  !y are entirely satisfactory4    ,)   
wat] glass1 eggs c be pres]v$ = less ?an
 two c5ts a  doz54 ,9 communities :]e ! 
price ( eggs v>ies f a c5t apiece  to   
f\r c5ts apiece x w\ld be v pr(itable to
 pres]ve all !  surplus4      ,,rais+   
,,gu9ea ,,f[l    ,:at w\ld y expect if y
 ord]$ ,am]ican pheasant f a bill  ( f>e
 9 a ,london re/aurant8 ,no matt] :at y 
expect$1 :5 !  bird came onto ! table x 
w\ld be gu9ea h56 ,?is is a di% y       
probably nev] ate at home unless y live 
9 ! ,s\?1 :]e !y  "k :at's good1 or make
 a practice ( d9+ at fa%ionable hotels  
:]e !y s]ve fancy game & p\ltry4    ,mo/

 ( ! gu9ea f[ls m>ket$ 9 ?is c\ntry are 
put into cold  /orage & s5t to ,engl&4  
,!y also br+ a good price 9 city  m>kets
 9 ?is c\ntry4    ,f>m boys & girls all 
ov] ! c\ntry are famili> ) ! /rid5t     
squawk & ! furtive1 hun*+ trot ( !      
speckl$ gu9ea f[l4 ,i  d\bt if any f>m] 
c\ld tell :y he h>b\rs "o on ! premises1
  unless x is to w>n 8 *ick5s ( !       
pres5ce ( dang]4 ,i "k (  v few p 9 !   
,nor? :o eat ei!r eggs or birds 7if !y  
"k  x71 & ! "y are v seldom se54 ,"h is 
a really valuable game  bird :i* silly  
prejudice is depriv+ ( its fair %>e (   
att5tion4    ,if f>m boys realiz$ t !re 
is a good & gr[+ m>ket =  gu9ea f[ls1   
eggs1 & birds1 !y w\ld read ?is3 ,a     
fa%ionable ,new  ,york hotel s]v$ ?ree  
?\s& ( ^! birds betwe5 ,janu>y fir/  &  
,april ?irte5?1 n9ete5 hundr$ & five4   
,li/5 to ! prices3  f "o doll> to "o    
doll> & a half p] pair = "y broil]s 9   
midw9t] 9 ! l>ge ,nor!rn cities4 ,eggs  
twice ! price ( h5s'  eggs4 ,tak+ into  
consid]ation ! fact t !y are h>di] ev5 z

  *icks ?an ord9>y p\ltry & t ! m>ket is
 /rictly fancy &  n ov]suppli$1 ! *ances
 = success 9 gu9ea rais+ are good4    ,9
 beg9n+ ?is bran* ( bus9ess x is n be/  
to buy old f[ls4  ,!y are swift ( w+1 & 
!y are extremely likely to take ,fr5*   
leave unless closely conf9$ = a week or 
m to _! new  qu>t]s4 ,?is conf9em5t is n
 v good = !m4 ,my advice is to  beg9 ) a
 sett+ ( fifte5 eggs "u a common h5 9   
,may or ,june4  ,! eggs are small] ?an  
h5s' eggs & h good1 /rong %ells4  ,!y   
take f tw5ty-six to ?irty days to hat*4 
,! treatm5t &  c>e ( "y gu9ea f[ls v>ies
 f t giv5 to "y *ick5s 9  a few         
p>ticul>s only1 e4 g41 ! *icks %\ld be  
f$ v soon  aft] hat*+ & ne$ a l>ge      
p]c5tage ( animal food :5 fir/  hat*$4  
,dry bread crumbs & h>d-boil$ eggs m9c$ 
f9ely or pieces  ( cook$ meat cut v f9e 
are a good fir/ meal4 ,bread & milk &   
f9ely *opp$ lettuce1 cress1 or o!r      
vegetation %\ld be giv5 a  day or two   
lat]4 ,!y w pick up innum]able insects  
if all[$ !  privileges ( ! g>d5 or fruit

 plantation4 ,little gu9eas %\ld  h     
access to fe$ all ! "t z a few h\rs )\t 
food is v  likely to prove fatal4 ,l    
little pheasants !y require a great]    
p]c5tage ( animal food ?an *ick5s       
because if 9 ! wild !y  w\ld eat little 
else4 ,s(t gra9s %\ld foll[ ! e>li]     
rations1  & ! mixtures giv5 to ord9>y   
p\ltry %\ld gradually take !  place (   
^!4    ,old gu9ea f[ls h ! reputation = 
mak+ v t\gh meat4 ,=  ?is reason x is   
bett] to m>ket !m :ile ! brea/ bone is  
/ill  t5d]1 ! claws /ill %ort & %>p1 &  
be=e ! cre/ or helmet  has rea*$ its    
full size or *ang$ col\r4 ,9 "y birds ! 
helmet  is ne>ly black1 gr[+ light] )   
age4    ,ord9>ily x is m economical :5  
rais+ a few gu9ea f[ls  n to conf9e !m  
to runs1 9 :i* !y are less h>dy4 ,p>tial
  conf9em5t1 su* z com+ to ! b>n y>d to 
roo/ & appe>+  regul>ly to be f$1 is m  
practical4 ,if kept 9 runs x is necess>y
  to cov] ! p5s4 ,high roo/s %\ld be    
provid$4 ,dur+ ! lay+  season ! h5s are 
almo/ c]ta9 to hide _! ne/s & ne$ close 

wat*+4 ,!y may lay 9 ne/ boxes if ^! are
 9 dim1 seclud$  corn]s4 ,gu9ea h5s are 
v w>y & may res5t hav+ _! ne/s  visit$1 
by quitt+4 ,also1 ! h5s seem to be able 
to c\nt & w  usually des]t _! own ne/s  
if all b "o or two eggs are tak5  away4 
,!y are r impati5t sitt]s1 (t5 leav+ !  
ne/ :5  ! eggs are half incubat$ or :5 !
 fir/ *ick is ready to g1  ev5 ?\gh !y h
 a doz5 pipp$ eggs4 ,! little ones are1 
l  little turkeys1 susceptible to       
dampness & cold4 ,v e>ly & v  late      
hat*+s are undesirable4      ,,rais+    
,,turkeys    ,among ! pictures :i* my   
memory calls up is t ( an old bu%el     
basket by ! kit*5 /ove on a damp spr+   
morn+4 ,f !  com=t+ folds ( an old      
flannel petticoat 9 ! dep?s ( !  basket 
came ! feeble peep-peawp ( a doz5 or m  
mis]able little  turkey *icks rescu$ f !
 %[]4 ,:at a *ase !y _h giv5 u  ?r\gh ! 
wet tangles ( grass1 we$s1 & bu%es1     
scoot+ to cov]  l p>tridges1 hidd5 by _!
 col\r+ almo/ z effectually z  _! wild  
c\s9s4 ,we %all nev] be q sure t we got 

!m all1  = we w]5't c]ta9 h[ _m !re 7   
orig9ally4 ,if ! *ill  _h n p5etrat$ to 
_! vitals1 & ^! important organs lie    
disa/r\sly ne> ! p9-fea!rs1 we _h be5 9 
"t to save !m4    ,exp]i5ces l ^!       
impress ^u ! m9ds ( f>m *ildr5 mu*  t is
 *>act]i/ic ( ! turkey4 ,z gr[n-ups we  
read ( !  precautions necess>y 9 rais+  
turkeys & realize t we knew all  t ye>s 
ago4 ,a turkey h5 w /ay close ar\nd !   
b>n y>d  eat+ & dr9k+ ) ! o!r f[ls all  
w9t]1 roo/+ 9  conv5i5t tree tops1 &    
giv+ no h9t ( wildness or firmness (    
purpose4 ,b 9 ,april y miss h]4 ,%e may 
return ab\t meal "t1  take a du/ ba?    
p]haps1 !n %e is (f aga94 ,n[ y mu/ te/ 
y\r  wits aga9/ h] in/9cts & see if y c 
f9d h] ne/4 ,%e may  h secret$ h] eggs 9
 a p]fectly safe b>rel1 provid$ ) /raw  
& cunn+ly seclud$ 9 ! %rubb]y4 ,%e is   
likely1 ?\gh1 to g  f> afield & give y a
 m]ry *ase4 ,x is wise to take away !   
eggs  ea* day until %e has f9i%$ & wi%es
 to sit4 ,!n y may give  h] a ne/ful1   
fifte5 to eighte51 or y c set ! eggs "u 

h5s  & :5 ! turkey's broody spell is ov]
 %e w lay aga94    ,f\r weeks is ! "t   
requir$ to hat* turkey eggs4 ,newly     
hat*$  turkeys are f> f spry4 ,!y h no  
int]e/ 9 food nor 9 !  _w ab\t !m4 ,x is
 =ty-eight h\rs or ev5 long] be=e !y    
beg9 to take notice4 ,h>d-boil$ eggs    
*opp$ f9e is a good fir/  meal = !m4 ,"s
 gr[]s take a p9t ( sweet milk 9 a      
saucepan1  let x come to a boil1 & /ir  
into x two eggs well beat54 ,?is  makes 
a sort ( cu/>d & ?is quantity is said to
 be en\gh =  fifty new turkey *icks4    
,cottage *eese )\t salt is recomm5d$4   
,a du/+ ( black pepp] 9 ! food is good =
 week-old turkeys1  especially 9 cool   
wea!r4    ,two deadly enemies ( little  
turkeys are lice & wet4 ,^! are         
responsible = ! high rate ( mortality 9 
flocks ( all bre$s4  ,keep !m free f ^! 
by all kn[n me?ods & ) ord9>y c>e  9 o!r
 details y\r pr(its are safe4 ,if y tide
 ov] ! fir/ two  mon?s y w see !        
delicate *icks trans=m$ into h>dy little
  p\lts1 hold+ _! own ) any k9d ( f[ls4 

,i don't "k ( any "o :o ev] made a      
success ( turkeys on a  small lot4 ,_!  
habit ( rang+ c be re/ra9$ to ! ext5t  (
 keep+ !m (f ! neighb\rs1 b close coop+ 
opposes _!  natural in/9cts4 ,!y are    
great insect eat]s & w pick up a  fair  
liv+ away f ! fe$ tr\gh4 ,x is be/ to   
tra9 !m by a  regul> ev5+ fe$+ to roo/  
at home4 ,y w want to c\nt !m           
frequ5tly1 especially z ,novemb] draws  
ne> & ! price beg9s to  so>4    ,!re are
 a numb] ( bre$s 9 cultivation4 ,!      
bigge/ & p]haps  ! h>die/ is ! bronze   
turkey4 ,"s consid] _! fle% less        
delicate ?an t ( ! small] k9ds4 ,!re is 
always a good m>ket  = any size4 ,if all
 y\r neighb\rs h bronze turkeys & !     
flocks  are always gett+ mix$1 :y n try 
! buff or black or ! :ite  ,holl&8 ,!   
latt] are almo/ z beautiful an ornam5t  
to ! c\ntry  home z peacocks1 & c be se5
 at a great di/ance because ( _!        
brilliant :ite plumage4    ,if "o wants 
to get en?usia/ic ov] turkeys let him   
drive ?r\gh  a ?rifty f>m+ community 9 !

 fall & cat* glimpses ( !  sun%9e       
reflect$ f ! burni%$ backs ( ! great    
flocks :i*  ornam5t e f>m y>d4 ,or1 if  
incl9$ to a meal ( turkey1 j  inquire ! 
price on ! f>m or 9 ! m>ket1 & y w      
decide to  raise "s = y\r own use next  
ye>1 & a few to sell4      ,,rais+      
,,peacocks    ,we h x on ! au?ority ( ! 
curator ( birds ( ! ,new ,york          
,zological ,g>d51 ,mr4 ,c4 ,william     
,beebe1 t peaf[ls are n  difficult to   
raise if ! own] is wat*ful4 ,w\ldn't x  
be a triumph  to raise a family ( ^!    
wond]ful birds8 ,mr4 ,beebe says also t 
peacocks are s common t we sometimes    
fail to appreciate _!  really wond]ful  
col\rs4 ,i wond] if t c be true4 ,!y 7 s
  uncommon 9 ! ,mississippi ,valley :5  
,i 0 a *ild t ,i nev] saw  "o2 x 0 less 
?an t5 ye>s ago t ,i saw = ! fir/ "t ?is
  regal bird spread 8 wond]ful tail 9 ! 
full sunlight4 ,x 0 "o  ( ,mr4 ,beebe's 
own pets & ,i %all nev] =get nor fail to
 appreciate  ! sight4    ,a peah5 lays  
few] eggs ?an mo/ birds ( h] size4 ,%e w

 lay  ?ree times a ye> if y succe$ 9    
*ang+ h] curr5t ( ?\ght  :5 %e is       
broody4 ,%e usually wi%es to sit on !   
fir/ six eggs &  z %e has pretty good   
judgm5t 9 plac+ h] ne/ & is a pati5t  & 
c\rage\s "m1 y _h bett] tru/ h] to br+  
up h] family1  unless y wi% to raise !  
fir/ lot "u h5s or turkey mo!rs4    ,l  
"y turkeys1 ! little pea*icks are v t5d]
 &  susceptible to dampness4 ,woe unto  
!m if ! *ill ( an e>ly ,may  ra9 gets   
into _! bones6 ,?is is ! "t :5          
wat*fulness on !  own]'s "p is necess>y4
    ,= newly hat*$ pea*icks a few meals 
( f9ely *opp$1 h>d-boil$  eggs & m9c$   
lettuce are "r4 ,z !y develop appetites1
 fe$ "s  ( ! mixtures prep>$ = game1    
pheasants1 etc4 ,by all means let  !m h 
space to run 92 a little coop is bad =  
_! heal?4 ,make  x twelve feet long at  
lea/4 ,!y w eat quantities ( insects &  
w ne$ fe$ only morn+ & ev5+ aft] ! fir/ 
mon? or two4  ,corn1 :eat1 b>ley1 &     
millet make a good mixture4    ,no      
regul> h\se is requir$ = peaf[ls1 ?\gh  

%elt] mu/ be  provid$ aga9/ ra94 ,!y    
pref] to roo/ high1 :]e ! air is  fre% &
 cool4 ,w9d & cold wea!r !y l4          
,indian peacocks co/ tw5ty doll>s to    
?irty doll>s a pair4 ,y c  gr[ !m = f>  
less f eggs & sell ! birds4 ,!y live to 
be  tw5ty or ?irty ye>s old4    ,if y   
are conv9c$ t y want to try y\r h& at   
any ( ^!  k9ds ( fancy p\ltry1 collect  
all ! in=mation y c fir/4  ,visit "s    
successful p\ltry plant1 ask que/ions1  
take notes4 ,get  all ! gov]nm5t & /ate 
exp]im5t /ation bullet9s available4     
,bre$]s (t5 publi% in=mation ab\t re>+  
birds4 ,!y are glad  to help any "o :o  
is int]e/$4 ,x increases _! bus9ess4    
,write  to y\r agricultural college =   
in=mation4 ,!y may n h a  bullet9 on !  
subject1 b ! m5 9 _! p\ltry dep>tm5t are
  glad to answ] que/ions4 ,giv+ advice  
is "p ( _! bus9ess &  y c c\nt on x be+ 
good advice4      ,,rais+ ,,geese       
,m>* is a good mon? to set goose eggs4  
,z x takes !m a little  ov] a mon? to   
hat*1 !y w come out 9 ,april & ! e>ly   

birds  cat* ! be/ prices4 ,x is really  
surpris+ t m f>m]'s boys  & girls d n   
raise geese4 ,!y w bo>d !mselves if giv5
 a  *ance at pa/ure1 b ne$ fatt5+ )     
gr\nd gra9 if held =  ,*ri/mas trade4   
,gosl+s c be rais$ "u h5s1 six eggs 9 a 
ne/1 b ! goose is  an admirable "m4     
,unlike mo/ ( 8 fea!r$ k9dr$ ! g&] is  a
 true helpmate1 (t5 spell+ 8 mate dur+ !
 sitt+ p]iod  & c>+ = ! "y aft]w>d )    
great solicitude4    ,wat*ful c>e is    
ne$$ to prev5t ! damp1 cold ,april f    
gett+  ! be/ ( little gosl+s4 ,!y %\ld  
beg9 _! c>e]s ) a  meal ( bread crumbs1 
scald$ meal1 & h>d-boil$ eggs1 *opp$    
vegetable tops & grass includ$ 9 ! ma%4 
,!y eat small  quantities at a "t1 b ne$
 x frequ5tly to /ay _! /oma*s4    ,wat] 
= dr9k+ %\ld be accessible1 clean1 &    
fre% always4 ,_m  a sick gosl+ c trace 8
 disord] directly to ! bad wat]4 ,a     
l>ge tub ( wat] = ba?+1 too1 is         
advisable = geese aft] !y  are fea!r$4  
,t\l\se & ,embd5 geese are trem5d\s     
creatures1 ev5 rea*+ !  enorm\s weight (

 tw5ty-five p\nds4 ,_! meat is highly   
priz$ 9  ,european c\ntries & is becom+ 
popul> 9 ,am]ica s t a good  m>ket is   
assur$4    ,! bus9ess ( fatt5+ geese =  
m>ket is q specializ$ n[4  ,m5 engag$ 9 
?is bus9ess visit ! f>ms :]e a few geese
 are  kept & buy ! eight-weeks old      
gosl+s = sev5ty-five c5ts to  "o doll> &
 a half apiece4 ,if y c get ?is price   
y\r pr(it is  fair & c]ta9 & y\r "w     
end$4 ,y c put y\r ca% into "s  o!r     
bus9ess4 ,rais+ geese is a good summ]   
vacation job4 ,on a goose  fatt5+ f>m   
ne> a good ,ea/]n city m>ket z _m z     
fifte5 or  tw5ty ?\s& geese are fatt5+  
at "o "t4    ,geese on f>ms :5 ,i 0 a   
girl 7 kept pr9cipally = _!  fea!rs :i* 
f\nd _! way into ! pill[s & fea!r b$s !n
  us$4 ,! be/ pill[s 9 my h\se are fill$
 ) ! fea!rs pluck$  f geese ) :i* ,i 0  
p]sonally acqua9t$4 ,^! fea!rs h  a high
 m>ket value1 high] :5 y buy ?an :5 y   
sell to be sure1  b y may be able to    
supply a local m>ket & ?us get a bett]  
price4 ,geese1 l all ! o!r fea!r$       

tribes1 m\lt naturally 9  late summ]4   
,if ! live geese are to be pluck$1 x    
%\ld be done  v c>efully1 ?ree or f\r   
fea!rs at a "t4 ,! geese d n  %[ evid5ce
 ( m9d+ mu* :5 !y f9d t y\r designs are 
peaceable4 ,only ! brea/ fea!rs & !     
smalle/ ones f ! back  are ord9>ily tak5
 = home use4 ,avoid ! fea!rs ) co>se    
/iff  %afts4 ,no d[n %\ld be remov$4    
,goose quills make good too?picks1      
clean$ & scald$ & trimm$ into %ape4 ,or 
!y may be sold  sep>ately z fea!rs4     
,geese are pluck$ be=e s5d+ to m>ket4   
,mo/ ( ! fea!rs &  "s ( ! d[n n[        
ext5sively us$ by manufactur]s ( b$     
clo?+  comes f ! m>ket$ geese4          
,,rais+ ,,ducks    ,probably 9 _m       
neighb\rhoods y w\ld be laugh$ at if y  
tri$  to raise ducks )\t a pond or /ream
 ( wat]4 ,x is n cu/om>y4  ,true1 if y h
 !m = ornam5t pr9cipally1 !y look be/   
disport+ !mselves 9 :at seems to be _!  
natural elem5t4 ,b  if y believe !re is 
money 9 rais+ ducks = m>ket1 no?+ is    
easi] ?an to prove t ! p :o laugh$ 7 n  

up to date4    ,y h he>d ! old say+ on a
 v wet day1 ,good wea!r =  ducks4 ,don't
 y believe x4 ,if y g into duck rais+ y 
mu/ be  j z c>eful ab\t ducks gett+ wet 
z y are ab\t y\r *icks4  ,! duck mu/ h  
pl5ty ( wat] inside1 all he w dr9k1 b   
keep  him dry outside4 ,little ducks are
 h>dy if kept dry & w>m4 ,ev5  cold     
dr9k+ wat] w give !m cramps & %\ld be   
avoid$4 ,!  dr9k+ vessels %\ld be s     
cov]$ t ! duckl+ c get only  ! bill wet4
    ,! advantage ( ducks ov] *icks is   
?is3 !y d n br+ q s  big a price p]     
p\nd1 b !y gr[ s mu* fa/] dur+ ! fir/   
two mon?s ( _! lives4 ,ducks %\ld be    
m>ket$ at eight to t5  weeks old4 ,at t5
 weeks old a good broil] w weigh ab\t   
two p\nds  & w sell = sev5ty-five c5ts1 
b a duckl+ w weigh f\r to  five p\nds1  
:i* at tw5ty-five c5ts a p\nd w give y f
 "o  doll> to "o doll> & tw5ty-five     
c5ts4 ,! co/ ( fe$+ ! two  w be ab\t !  
same4    ,ducks h o!r advantages ov]    
*ick5s4 ,!y are n ne>ly s  subject to   
v]m91 ?\gh lice sometimes attack _!     

heads4 ,!y seem  to ?rive 9 conf9em5t & 
co/ less to h\se ?an *ick5s4 ,_!  fea!rs
 w br+ a good price1 & eggs ( pure bre$s
 = hat*+  are 9 dem&4 ,!y are excell5t  
lay]s1 ev5 bett] ?an "s h5s1  z exp]i5ce
 w %[4 ,if a duck lays n9e doz5 eggs at 
f\r doll>s  a doz51 & raises a family1  
%e does a pretty good ye>'s "w1 &  is m 
pr(itable to keep ?an "s c[s4 ,%e eats  
grubs & insects1  too1 & grass & surplus
 f ! vegetable g>d54    ,! commone/     
practice = beg9n]s is to set duck eggs  
"u h5s 9  ,april & ,may4 ,! bigge/      
v>ieties are ! be/ to raise z all are   
h>dy1 fa/ gr[]s1 & good lay]s4 ,! eggs  
take ab\t tw5ty-eight  days to incubate4
 ,treat ! h5 & ne/ = lice j z :5 sitt+  
on h5s' eggs4    ,:5 duckl+s are        
tw5ty-f\r h\rs old1 !y are ready = _!   
fir/ meal4 ,ma%$ potatoes mix$ ) meal ( 
corn or oats &  middl+s are good = !m4  
,milk1 too1 is excell5t z = all f[ls4   
,beg9 to /uff !m imm$iately2 y w f9d !m 
q agreeable4  ,gre5 food ( all          
k9ds--grass1 lettuce1 cabbage1 vegetable

 tops--all  *opp$ small1 fills !m up &  
is good = !m4 ,su* ?+s z  turnips &     
potatoes %\ld be cook$4 ,gr\nd meat %\ld
 be f$ ?ree  times a week4 ,h ! fe$+    
tr\ghs s arrang$ t !y c get  _! %ovels  
into x b _c walk ov] ! food & f\l x2    
same  ?+ ) ! wat]4 ,fe$ f\r times a day4
 ,!y mu/ n get empty4  ,gr[? w n be     
rapid unless cont9u\s4 ,grit %\ld be    
suppli$4    ,on duck f>ms "o hundr$     
duckl+s are kept 9 brood]s five by sev5 
feet1 ) y>ds five by sixte5 feet4 ,!y   
are kept absolutely clean  & dry4 ,^? y 
keep ov] w9t] = next ye>'s egg supply   
%\ld  h access to a pond & grass4 ,old  
ducks d n br+ high prices =  table use &
 d n put on weight v fa/4    ,x 0 p]haps
 a "y ,bo/on h\sekeep] :o ask$ :5 h]    
m>ket man  (f]$ h] ,pek9 ducks = h]     
table1 ,h[ are !y e/eem$8    ,he repli$1
 ,oh1 my wife1 %e don't nev] /eam ducks4
 ,%e j /uffs  'em l y w\ld a *ick5 &    
bakes 'em4      ,,rais+ ,,squabs ,,=    
,,m>ket    ,a few ye>s' exp]i5ce 9 rais+
 fancy pigeons = pets is ! be/  k9d (   

tra9+ = a "y man :o wants to raise      
squabs = m>ket4  ,?is bus9ess on a small
 scale ought n to take all "o's "t &  c 
easily be comb9$ ) "s o!r bus9ess or    
pr(ession or )  att5d+ college4 ,b y\r  
exp]i5ce1 v>i$ ?\gh x may be1 has  n    
acqua9t$ y ) all t is wor? kn[+ on !    
subject4 ,!  "t has gone by :5 a man c  
af=d to ignore books & bullet9s  ev5 on 
a subject ^u :i* he may himself be an   
au?ority4 ,a libr>y  ( pigeon lit]ature 
w increase y\r wisdom4 ,a practical man 
writ+  ( 8 exp]i5ce 9 y\r bus9ess may   
save y hundr$s ( doll>s  if y he$ 8     
advice4 ,don't sc(f at college bullet9s 
z y\r  gr&fa!r probably did4 ,he _h     
reason1 b ! bullet9 is n :at  x 04      
,great /rides =w>d h be5 made4 ,visit "s
 big squab  rais]'s plant & take m5tal &
 writt5 notes ( significant facts       
obs]v$4 ,! col\r ( 8 pigeon l(t does n  
affect ! price he  gets = 8 squabs1 b ! 
quality ( ! gra9 he fe$s has a direct   
influ5ce on ! fullness ( 8 wallet4      
,full-blood$ hom]s are decl>$ by _m to  

be ! be/1 all ?+s  consid]$1 = table    
use4 ,good1 mat$ birds ( ?is v>iety c be
  b\ght = ab\t two doll>s a pair4 ,!y   
are h>dy1 bright1 active on  _! feet1 & 
! squabs h a l>g] brea/ ?an "s ( ! o!r  
sorts4    ,hom]s are n all ! same col\r2
 "s are :ite1 o!rs black1  r$di%1 & mix$
 col\rs4 ,good /ock w re> six or eight  
pairs (  squabs 9 a ye>1 :ile "s        
exceptionally good ones w raise t5      
pairs4 ,if y make a cle> pr(it ( "o     
doll> & tw5ty-five c5ts  p] ye> on an   
av]age f ea* pair y %\ld d well4 ,x is n
  pr(itable to keep birds :i* produce   
less ?an five pairs a ye>4 ,a  record   
mu/ be kept 9 ord] to we$ out wor?less  
birds4 ,y d n  wi% to sp5d y\r leisure  
runn+ a free bo>d+ h\se = pigeons4  ,y  
mu/ "k :i* are ! big produc]s & keep    
only _! "y  z bre$]s4 ,ne/s %\ld be     
numb]$ & e bird h a leg label  ) a numb]
 correspond+ to a numb]$ description 9  
y\r book (  records4 ,?is is good       
economics4    ,squabs ( hom]s %\ld be   
ready = sell+ at f\r weeks old2 !y  %\ld

 be fully fea!r$ b /ill 9 ! ne/4 ,!     
heavie/ grade  weigh eight p\nds p] doz5
 & ^! br+ highe/ m>ket prices4  ,light] 
birds are consid]$ poor quality & br+ a 
correspond+ly  l[ price4 ,prices v>y f  
f\r doll>s & fifty c5ts to "o doll>  &  
sev5ty-five c5ts p] doz54 ,dispose (    
pairs :i* habitually  produce           
light-weight squabs z indicat$ by y\r   
records4    ,m9ute directions = kill+ & 
dress+ squabs = m>ket are giv5  9       
,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #agg1 :i* e squab 
rais] %\ld h 9  8 libr>y4    ,!re is1 z 
yet1 no indication ( ov]-production 9   
squab rais+2  al?\gh _m m are gr[n e    
ye>1 ! dem& is /ill on !  increase4 ,x  
is a good bus9ess = two p to g into     
toge!r1 a  bro!r & si/]1 two bro!rs1 or 
adjo9+ neighb\rs4    ,descriptions (    
h\se & furni%+s1 fly1 foods & fe$+1 &   
details ( c>e are giv5 9 ,*apt] ,,iv "u 
,rais+ ,fancy ,pigeons4      ,,rais+    
,,pheasants    ,! "y p on a big ran* or 
e/ate ) its up-to-date p\ltry  plant1   
rais+ n only pla9 & fancy *ick5s1 b     

pigeons1 ducks1  geese1 turkeys1 & gu9ea
 f[l1 all att5d$ by m5 hir$ = !         
purpose1 may look ab\t 9 va9 = a *ance  
to try _! h&s at  rais+ any?+ ) fea!rs4 
,to su* boys & girls ,i say1 ,did y  ev]
 see any pheasants8    ,at ! ,zological 
,g>d5s1 yes4    ,ar5't !y beauties8 ,h[ 
w\ld y l to gr[ pheasants8 ,!re is  a   
l9e t has n be5 ov]work$4 ,pr(it 9 x1   
too4 ,look at prices  y mu/ pay = birds 
& get an idea ( h[ y\rs w sell lat]4    
,num]\s exp]im5ts 9 pheasant gr[+ h be5 
tri$ 9 ?is  c\ntry4 ,x is well to "k (  
^! & to pr(it by !m4 ,"s m5  raise _m   
v>ieties1 import+ !m f e qu>t] ( !      
globe4  ,_! ideal is to h a complete    
collection4 ,a visit to a l>ge  avi>y w 
give y "s idea ( :at a gorge\s family ( 
birds !  pheasants make4 ,!y are highly 
priz$ z game birds4 ,9 ,g]many !y  are  
s]v$ 9 a mo/ surpris+ way4 ,! edible    
p>ts are cook$ &  arrang$ on a platt] on
 a b$ ( p>sley4 ,at "o end ( ! platt]  !
 cook puts ! head ) its beautiful neck  
ruff & at ! o!r  end ! tail fea!rs4     

,imag9e ! wait]'s triumphant entrance   
into  ! d9+-room1 platt] held al(t1 & ! 
pheasant's brilliant tail  fea!rs /ream+
 f> beh9d l p5nants f a ma/ top6    ,!  
pheasant mo/ easily gr[n 9 ! ,unit$     
,/ates is ! r+neck or  ,mongolian       
pheasant import$ f its home 9 ,*9a4 ,!re
 is h>dly a  /ate 9 ! ,union :]e no     
attempt has be5 made to raise pheasants4
  ,x is an indu/ry t appeals to sportsm5
 ev]y:]e4 ,massa*usetts1  ,ohio1 ,new   
,york1 ,indiana1 ,ill9ois1 ,cali=nia1   
,new ,j]sey1 & "s  o!r /ates h made     
pheasant re>+ a "p ( ! "w ( _!  ,fi% &  
,game ,commissions4 ,! /ate ( ,oregon is
 ! only "o :]e a  rem>kable success has 
be5 won4 ,evid5tly ! climate &          
conditions  !re 7 ideal4 ,ab\t ?ree doz5
 pheasants 7 set free 9 !  ,willamette  
,valley 9 eighte5 hundr$ & eighty-"o4 ,s
 rapid 0 !  increase t :5 ! fir/ op5    
season ( two & "o half mon?s  0 decl>$  
elev5 ye>s lat] x 0 e/imat$ t fifty ?\s&
  birds 7 %ot ! fir/ day6 ,!y h cont9u$ 
to increase 9 t  /ate & t[>ds ! nor?1 & 

_m o!r /ates get _! supply =            
propagation f ,oregon4    ,! fir/ ?+ to 
d aft] becom+ int]e/$ 9 pheasants is to 
le>n some?+ ab\t _! nature & ne$s & to  
consid] :e!r  y\r conditions are su* z  
w\ld make ! bus9ess possible or         
pr(itable4 ,!y are n dome/ic f[ls b m l 
! jungle f[l  f :i*1 9 all likelihood1  
our b>n y>d f[ls are desc5d$4 ,b  !y c  
be rais$ 9 captivity if due reg>d is    
tak5 ( _! habits  & *>act]i/ics4 ,books 
& bullet9s are m5tion$ 9 ! app5dix  (   
?is book4 ,9 "s respects pheasants are v
 l *ick5s1 be+  especially susceptible  
to ! diseases ( ! p\ltry y>d4 ,9 ,engl&1
  pheasant re>+ is q common4 ,"o sees 9 
op5 mead[ l& on great  e/ates ! tidy    
coops :]e anxi\s biddies cluck aft] _!  
wayw>d  fo/] *ildr54 ,x is a pretty     
sight to see ! fifte5 or tw5ty          
br[n-/rip$ birds scuttl+ wildly to h]   
protect+ w+ at !  approa* ( dang]4      
,pheasants' eggs = %ipp+ %\ld be mo/    
c>efully pack$ 9 cotton1  hay1 or       
excelsior to insure safety f j>4 ,y d n 

h to beg9  ) gr[n birds :i* co/ five    
doll>s a pair = r+-necks1 z !  eggs are 
be/ set "u h5s4 ,! eggs %\ld be set 9   
late ,april or  e>ly ,may = be/ results4
 ,bantams are (t5 pref]r$1 b any good   
"m w d if %e is cleanly & n too clumsy4 
,great precautions  %\ld be tak5 t ! ne/
 be clean1 & t ! h5 %\ld h  all ! com=ts
 ( home1 e4 g41 a du/ ba?1 clean wat]1 &
  regul> fe$+4 ,c y af=d to run ! risk (
 "y *ick5s  gett+ lice z soon z !y are  
hat*$8 ,well1 y simply c't take  any    
*ances ) baby pheasants4 ,h5s %\ld be   
du/$ ?ree times  dur+ incubation )      
insect p[d]4 ,visit an avi>y or a       
pheasantry  if y c & ask que/ions & take
 obs]vations on h[ to make  ne/s1 coops1
 & p5s4 ,/udy y\r books1 too1 & be guid$
 by !  exp]i5ce ( o!rs4    ,:ile y wait 
= y\r "y pheasants to hat* !re is pl5ty 
to d  9 prep>+ coops & le>n+ :at to fe$ 
!m :5 !y arrive4  ,mu* ( our lack (     
success 9 re>+ all sorts ( wild game is 
because we "k s little ab\t :at !y eat4 
,we probably make lots (  mi/akes ) !   

animals we h dome/icat$ b ! m adaptable 
( !m h gr[n accu/om$ to civiliz$ food1 &
 ?rive4    ,!re c\ld be no bett] place =
 a re>+ gr\nd = "y pheasants  ?an an    
or*>d :]e clov] ab\nds4 ,coops1 l *ick5 
coops1 %\ld  be ra9 pro(1 well v5tilat$1
 bottomless1 & s built t !y c  be clos$ 
to keep out v]m9 & to %ut ! *icks 9 :5 !
 grass  is wet4    ,pheasants are       
omnivor\s b !y ne$ m fre% animal food   
?an  is suppli$ by ord9>y *ick mixtures1
 to balance _! ration4  ,probably !y %>e
 ) o!r "y birds a reli% = insects &     
:ile _! mo!rs d n actually br+ ?is food 
to ! op5 bills  ( _! "y1 !y take ! flock
 to ! fe$+ gr\nd & %[ !m  h[ to f9d     
worms1 bugs1 cat]pill>s1 etc41 by       
scrat*+4 ,!re are  ways employ$ by      
exp]i5c$ pheasant gr[]s ( rais+ a supply
 (  meal worms1 maggots1 & ant pup = _! 
flocks1 b *eap1 fre%  meat gr\nd v f9e  
furni%es suitable animal food4 ,dur+ !  
fir/  ?ree or f\r days aft] fe$+ is     
begun a cu/>d made ( t5 eggs  to a qu>t 
( milk1 bak$ well1 is _! be/ food4      

,h>d-boil$ eggs  f9ely m9c$ 7put ?r\gh a
 potato ric]71 f9e bread crumbs1 &  fre%
 vegetables cut into small bits c be    
giv5 dur+ ! fir/  week4 ,lat]1 small    
gra9s ( a great v>iety ( k9ds4 ,a       
spr9kle (  r$ pepp] 9 _! food dur+ cold1
 damp days is good = half-gr[n  *icks4  
,! "y pheasants mu/ h access to f9e grit
 & gravel  & !y mu/ h fre%1 cool wat]   
all ! "t4    ,9 build+ p5s = pheasants  
we %\ld take into consid]ation _!       
habits1 _! safety1 & _! lack ( h>d9ess 9
 dome/ication4  ,select ! site = ! p5s  
aft] due ?\ght4 ,!re mu/ be bo?  %ade & 
sun%9e4 ,! soil %\ld be well dra9$ & ri*
 en\gh  to gr[ grass & clov]4 ,ea* run  
%\ld be at lea/ t5 feet by t5  ) nett+ (
 m$ium me% = sides1 eight feet high1    
cov] ( !  same4 ,a h\se is an unnecess>y
 exp5se1 z x is pheasant nature to  /ay 
9 ! op5 or seek a cov]t ( bru%4 ,a ra9  
pro( %$1 :]e  !y c retire :5 x ra9s1 &  
:]e a du/ ba? w always be 9  read9ess1  
is a necessity4    ,wild birds ( prey   
evid5tly consid] x p]fectly legitimate  

to  visit pheasant runs4 ,raccoons1     
foxes1 rats1 & m9k1 too1 may "w  ru9    
!re4 ,! cov] ( nett+ protects f above & 
x may be  necess>y1 :]e burr[+ animals  
ab\nd1 to dig a tr5* a foot deep  & set 
! nett+ d[n 9 ! gr\nd t f>4 ,a few /eel 
traps set  unbait$ along ! outside ( !  
runs may prev5t a s]i\s loss &  provide 
y ) a h&some m9k or raccoon fur skat+ or
 motor+  cap4 ,sev]e cold1 ev5 /orms1   
are n fatal to pheasants4 ,provide      
p]*es 9 ! p5 z well z 9 ! %$ & !y w     
usually *oose  ^? 9 ! op5 air4          
,because ( _! great timidity ! birds    
%\ld be di/urb$ z little  z possible4   
,unfamili> sights & s\nds al>m & di/ress
 !m4  ,:at a triumph x w\ld be to induce
 y\r pheasants to eat f y\r  h&6 ,x c be
 done by ex]cis+ great pati5ce1         
g5tl5ess1 &  p]sev]ance4    ,all y "k   
ab\t *ick5 rais+ w be useful n[4 ,make  
up y\r  m9d t ev]y?+ t is bad = *icks is
 simply fatal to "y  pheasants2 =       
in/ance1 wet feet1 lice1 dirty1 or      
sun-w>m$ wat]1  ov]-fe$+1 wrong fe$+4   

,if y play ?is game y mu/ expect a      
con/ant succession ( haz>ds1 ( n>r[     
escapes1 & losses4 ,b x  is a noble     
game4          ,,iv    ,,rais+ ,,animals
 ,,= ,,pets      ,,%etl& ,,ponies    ,! 
p]fect pet is ! ,%etl& pony4 ,?is       
dim9utive horse is a model  ( g5tl5ess1 
pati5ce1 good-nature1 & horse s5se4 ,"o 
writ] says  ( him3 ,if m ?an eight      
*ildr5 get on 8 back he w %ake  himself 
l a wet ,newf\ndl& dog & !n /&          
motionless1 :ile  !y pick !mselves up & 
out f among 8 f\r ho(s4 ,s _m  g5]ations
 ( ponies h liv$ "r 9 ! family circles (
 _!  cold little isl& t *ildr5 d n make 
!m n]v\s4    ,is !re a pretti] sight ?an
 a well-groom$ ,%etl& pony1 a c>riage   
made 9 ,lilliput1 & a small driv]1 & a  
reasonable numb] ( little  pass5g]s (   
assort$ sizes8 ,a goat team is a joke1 a
 dog team is  impracticable1 a team ( "y
 ox5 is too plodd+ & lacks /yle4  ,!    
pony outfit is *>m+ & always delights   
ev]ybody4 ,b :o  likes to see a gr[n man
 9 a pony c>riage8 ,a small gr[n p]son  

may  be necess>y1 especially if ! baby  
is to be tak5 = a drive1 b a  full-siz$ 
adult makes a pony c>riage look top     
heavy4    ,! ,%etl& pony is a sort ( boy
 horse s f> z "w is conc]n$4  7,"s say1 
too1 t he gets out ( z mu* "w z         
possible47 ,!re is  no bett] help] at   
light jobs ?an ! pony4 ,l ! yak3        
,he w c>ry & fet*      ,y may ride on 8 
back      ,or lead him ab\t ) a /r+4    
,inde$ he w foll[ 8 ma/] ab\t )\t a /r+ 
& c c>ry a  good load4 ,) a light c>t or
 wagon suit$ to 8 build & a boy to  d ! 
re/1 "o ( ^! h>dy little fell[s w be (  
greate/ help  9 do+ ! endless odd jobs t
 always fall to ! boy's lot4 ,!  pony w 
m ?an e>n 8 bo>d if ! boy e>ns 84       
,illu/ration3 ,photograph by ,hel5 ,w4  
,cooke4 ,! ,%etl& ,pony is !  ,ideal    
,pet    ,a ?or\ghbr$ ,%etl& pony %\ld be
 less ?an =ty-five in*es  high & weigh  
less ?an ?ree hundr$ p\nds4 ,_m are     
rais$ 9 ?is  c\ntry4 ,a boy is lucky :o 
has a *ance to tra9 a pony colt4 ,tra9+ 
%\ld be begun e>ly4 ,"o successful bre$]

 says t 8 *ildr5  d all ! tra9+ ( 8     
ponies4 ,8 boy1 sev5 ye>s old1 broke  ! 
fir/ "o !y rais$ to drive to a little   
wagon4 ,little boys &  girls "u t5 take 
entire c>e ( ! ponies 9 ano!r man's h]d4
  ,no d\bt _! fa!r or "m ov]sees ! "w1 b
 x is fun =  ! *ildr5 to groom & fe$ &  
pet ^! wee horses4    ,bre$+ ,%etl&     
ponies is a v practical way to make a   
few hundr$  doll>s a ye>4 ,!y eat less  
?an full-siz$ horses & w keep fat  on   
grass f fro/ till fro/4 ,! price (      
ponies is #be p] c5t4  high] ?an x 0    
five ye>s ago4 ,?is makes ! co/ ( go+   
into  ?is bus9ess high]1 b ! sales beg9 
! second ye> & sell+  prices are high]1 
too4 ,%etl&s are h>dy & require %elt]   
only 9  bitt] cold wea!r4 ,ponies (     
v>i\s sorts are becom+ f> common]  "h   
?an =m]ly1 s ! dem& is increas+4 ,i wi% 
e boy &  e girl ^: he>t is set on hav+ a
 pony c\ld h "o4 ,let u  all raise      
ponies until !re are en\gh = e "o4      
,,rabbits1 ,,gu9ea ,,pigs1 ,,& ,,cavies 
,rabbits1 gu9ea pigs1 & cavies are n    

p\ltry1 yet !re is always a  dep>tm5t   
devot$ to !m 9 ! great ,p\ltry ,%[ at   
,madison ,squ>e  ,g>d5 9 ,new ,york4 ,x 
0 !re t ,i fir/ made ! acqua9tance (  ^!
 ?ree k9ds ( popul> pets4 ,_m a boy has 
made a neat little  addition 9 two      
figures1 at lea/1 to 8 college fund1 by 
rais+  h>es1 rabbits1 gu9ea pigs1 :ite  
rats1 fancy mice1 or cavies4 ,common    
:ite rabbits c be b\ght = "o doll> a    
pair1 b ^! days x is  n uncommon = a    
bre$] to pay f fifte5 doll>s to         
tw5ty-five  doll>s = we>]s ( blue       
ribbons4 ,if y _h gu9ea pigs = sale  y  
w\ld be glad t ! be/ ones _c be b\ght = 
less ?an t5  doll>s apiece4    ,rabbits 
are ! mo/ popul> ( ^! pets1 :ile cavies 
come next4  ,!re is j n[ a great dem& = 
cavies4 ,!y are odd little  creatures1  
nei!r intellig5t nor affectionate4      
,nei!r are !y v  h>dy2 9 ! ,nor? !y h to
 be kept indoors 9 cold wea!r4          
,cavies are easy en\gh to fe$1 = !y eat 
ev]y?+ t is set  be=e !m1 & keep at x   
all ! "t4 ,all sorts ( vegetables1      

bread & milk1 & corn are ! *ief ( _!    
diet4    ,be=e go+ into ! bus9ess (     
rais+ any ( ^! creatures x is  well to  
consult "s o!r boy :o has _h "s exp]i5ce
 & f9d out  if !re are any peculi>      
difficulties he c help y provide =4     
,maybe y\r locality & conditions are    
bett] fitt$ = "o ?an !  o!r4 ,a deal] w 
(t5 be able to give y valuable in=mation
  ab\t ! diff]5t sorts ( pets1 & may be 
able to recomm5d !  be/ book on !       
subject4      ,,fancy ,,pigeons    ,if  
,i 7 a boy or a girl to-day !re is no?+ 
,i %\ld s mu* l  to d z to raise        
pigeons4 ,n t ,i ?9k x an easy job4     
7,w\ldn't  y almo/ z soon "w z to look =
 an easy job1 anyh[87 ,!re are  lots (  
disappo9tm5ts1 disc\ragem5ts1 & h>d     
lab\r ab\t pigeon  re>+4 ,b "y folks )  
hobbies l ?is are gett+ m fun  out (    
life ?an ! idle ones4    ,pigeons are   
h>dy1 easily tam$1 prolific1 & c be made
 to pay _!  own way4 ,x w\ld be         
impossible to associate ) !m1 c>e = !m1 
le>n _! nature & habits1 )\t becom+     

?or\ghly int]e/$  9 !m4 ,no pets c\ld be
 m g5tle1 m beautiful1 m docile ?an     
pigeons4 ,success 9 re>+ !m w n be      
imm$iate1 b w come  ) exp]i5ce4    ,!   
bus9ess ( rais+ fancy pigeons = pets is 
q di/9ct  f squab rais+1 treat$ 9 !     
*apt] on p\ltry1 & is f>  m likely to   
int]e/ boys & girls4 ,if y 7 to g to a  
big  p\ltry %[ y w\ld be bewild]$ at !  
numb] ( bre$s ( fancy  pigeons4 ,!      
p\t]s1 ! tumbl]s1 ! b>bs1 ! dragoons1   
nuns1  helmets1 ! fantails1 & c>ri]s are
 all !re 9 endless v>iety4  ,:at y l w  
be diff]5t f :at ,i l1 probably1 s x is 
n easy to recomm5d4 ,beg9n]s w\ld d well
 to *oose "s "o  v>iety & try _! h& at t
 be=e inve/+ v ext5sively4  ,! fly+     
tumbl] is recomm5d$ by _m good          
au?orities4 ,^! are  n difficult to     
bre$1 are small eat]s1 d n ne$ to be    
cag$  cont9ually1 & al?\gh !y are to be 
_h 9 ne>ly all ! col\rs  ( ! ra9b[ !y   
are n v exp5sive4 ,x is n good economy  
to  buy *eap /ock1 9 any?+4 ,?\gh by    
gett+ good ones y mu/  />t ) a s+le     

pair1 x is ! be/ economy4 ,y\r increase 
w  be v mu* m valuable4 ,y %\ld ask !   
bre$] = a writt5  gu>antee t ! pigeons  
are z repres5t$1 heal?y1 "y1 mat$  /ock4
 ,if he does n c>e to give ! gu>antee1  
,i %\ld n consid]  him reliable4        
,pigeons are n mu* influ5c$ by elaborate
 dovecotes4 ,!y are  q z happy liv+ !   
simple life 9 a dry-goods box1 provid$ x
  conta9s ! conv5i5ces !y require1 & is 
plac$ :]e ! light  w be pl5tiful1 ! air 
pure1 & ! ro( ra9 pro(4 ,city boys &    
girls ne$ n sigh & give up ! idea       
because !y h no place =  pigeons4 ,!    
attic or ! ro( s]ves !m j z well z ! b>n
  y>d1 p]haps bett]1 z mice & rats are  
less likely to di/urb !m  on h\setops4  
,e precaution %\ld be tak5 h[ev] aga9/  
^!  v]m94 ,cracks1 doors & v5tilators   
%\ld be cov]$ ) f9e wire  nett+4 ,ev5 ! 
entrances1 holes six in*es high by f\r 9
 wid?1  %\ld be protect$ by t9 gu>ds :i*
 rats & mice _c creep ov]4              
,illu/ration3 ,net = captur+ pigeons    
,illu/ration3 ,pigeon roo/    ,ea* pair 

( pigeons w ne$ two ne/+ comp>tm5ts4 ,a 
good k9d is  describ$ 9 ,f>m]s' ,bullet9
 ,no4 #agg1 & is con/ruct$ z foll[s3    
,in* bo>ds1 twelve in*es wide1 ) p>allel
 cross cleats nail$ on  n9e in*es ap>t1 
are set upright full twelve in*es ap>t  
aga9/ "o  wall1 & securely fa/5$ at top 
& bottom4 ,cut twelve-in* squ>es  ( in* 
bo>ds = ! bottoms ( ! ne/ boxes4 ,x is  
easy to see  h[ conv5i5t ^! slid+       
bottoms w be to clean4 ,provide small   
e>!nw>e di%es z ne/s1 ) a f\ndation (   
tobacco /ems1 to  disc\rage lice4 ,!    
birds w build ne/s ( /raw above !       
tobacco  /ems1 ! male br++ ! mat]ial :i*
 ! female arranges to suit  h] ideas (  
h\se furni%+4 ,"s gr[]s use sawdu/ 9 !  
ne/4 ,if  y\r pigeons are all[$ _!      
lib]ty ) no %elt] save ! pigeon  l(t1   
p]*es w be ne$$ inside4 ,z ! pigeon's   
feet are =m$  = p]*+ on flat surfaces   
in/ead ( on r\nd$ bran*es l  _m ( _!    
fea!r$ relatives1 y %\ld provide :at    
suits _!  ne$s4 ,a good =m ( p]* is made
 z foll[s4 ,cut half-in*1 dress$        

mat]ial f\r or five in*es wide into five
 or six-in* l5g?s4 ,nail  toge!r two (  
^! pieces 9 v-%ape4 ,?is c be nail$ to a
  squ>e f\ndation piece & hung angle up 
on ! wall ( ! l(t4 ,!  slant+ sides af=d
 no lodg+ = dropp+s & z only "o bird  at
 a "t c p]* on s small a place1 qu>rell+
 is avoid$4 ,iron  brackets ) p]*es     
atta*$ are also us$4    ,two ne/ di%es  
are provid$ = ea* pair1 z v (t5 ! h5 w  
lay a second pair ( eggs be=e ! e>lie/  
"y ones are ready to  leave ! ne/4 ,!   
male pigeon is untir+ 9 8 devotion to ! 
"y & _! "m1 tak+ 8 turn on ! ne/        
regul>ly dur+  ! sev5te5 days (         
incubation1 do+ 8 %>e ( ! "w1 & ev5     
beat+ 8 wife if %e %[s any disposition  
to slight h] duties4    ,if ! pigeons   
are conf9$ 9 a wire fly1 p]*es %\ld be  
provid$  !re1 & bo>d walks = !m to      
alight ^u & walk ab\t on %\ld  be plac$ 
at a di/ance ( f\r or five feet f !     
gr\nd4 ,no?+  9 ! %ape ( roo/s or cross 
pieces %\ld be put 9 ! fly1 z  ! pigeons
 ne$ all ! space 9 :i* to ex]cise _!    

w+s4    ,illu/ration3 ,a fly = pigeons4 
,put no roo/s across ! fly4 ,fly+  aga9/
 ^! w\ld injure ! birds    ,= "o hundr$ 
birds ! fly %\ld be ?irty-two feet long1
 eight  feet high1 & ! entire wid? ( !  
h\se4 ,x w be a f9e problem  9 practical
 ari?metic to figure h[ mu* nett+ w be  
requir$  to cov] ! frame ( ?is fly1 h[  
_m po/s1 & h[ mu* "o by  f\r-in* /uff w 
be ne$$ to complete ! frame4 ,! advice  
( "s "o :o has built a pigeon fly w\ld  
be mo/ valuable to  ! inexp]i5c$ p]son1 
& ! pictures 9 books1 bullet9s1 &       
magaz9e articles w be helpful 9 mak+ y\r
 plans4    ,holes1 at lea/ two1 r\nd$ at
 ! top & six in*es ea* way1  provide = !
 go+ & com+ ( ! birds betwe5 h\se & fly4
  ,= y\rself1 an outside door into ! fly
 is a necessity1 ( c\rse4    ,be=e      
in/all+ y\r pigeons 9 _! h\se1 use !    
:itewa% bru%  !re freely4 ,into ea*     
gallon ( y\r mixture ( lime & wat] put a
  half-teaspoonful ( crude c>bolic acid4
 ,clean s& is recomm5d$ =  ! floor ( bo?
 fly & h\se4 ,x is v bad practice to    

scatt]  food = pigeons on ! floor or    
gr\nd4 ,y w see1 if y try x1  h[ mu* is 
wa/$2 any t !y leave becomes soil$1     
m\lds1 or  s\rs1 & if eat5 9 t condition
 is ne>ly sure to injure !  birds4 ,a   
%all[ fe$+ tr\gh %\ld be plac$ ne> !    
c5tre (  ! h\se4 ,f9e *>coal1 table     
salt1 & crack$ oy/] %ells %\ld  be kept 
p]man5tly be=e ! birds1 ! boxes clean$  
out at lea/  weekly4 ,clean wat] 9 /one 
or galvaniz$ iron f\nta9s %\ld always   
be !re1 too4 ,daily or semi-daily is    
none too frequ5t to clean ^!  vessels4  
,pigeons are n glutton\s fe$]s b !y want
 :at !y want1  :5 !y want x4 ,9 o!r     
words1 regul>ity is important to _!     
well-be+4 ,an e>ly morn+ fe$1 six-?irty 
9 summ]1 sev5 9  w9t]1 ( equal p>ts     
crack$ corn1 :eat1 & peas1 & an aft]noon
  fe$1 at f\r 9 summ]1 ?ree 9 w9t]1 (   
equal p>ts crack$ corn  7) no f9e meal 9
 x71 kaffir corn1 millet se$1 & peas1 is
 a  fair ration4 ,pigeons l a v>iety b n
 z a /eady diet4 ,hemp  may be sub/itut$
 = millet once or twice a week2 a little

 brok5  rice1 gre5 vegetable food1 l    
lettuce & onions1 w be tak5  sp>+ly1 &  
t9y bits ( fat bacon seem to be         
acceptable4 ,no?+  b fir/-class gra9    
%\ld ev] be set be=e pigeons4 ,!        
quantity  ne$$ %\ld be det]m9$ by wat*+4
 ,if food is left 9 tr\gh1  fe$ less    
next "t4    ,wat] = ba?+ is z necess>y =
 pigeons z ! du/ ba? is =  h5s4 ,a broad
 galvaniz$ iron pan ?ree in*es deep     
makes a fir/-rate  ba?tub4 ,al?\gh fancy
 plumb+ is out ( place 9 a pigeon h\se1 
x is ! greate/ conv5i5ce to h runn+ wat]
 pass+ ?r\gh  a tr\gh con/antly2 ?is    
solves completely ! problem ( sanit>y   
dr9k+ wat]4    ,! be/ fanci]s clean _!  
h\ses weekly4 ,) a few birds ?is may  n 
be necess>y4 ,b :5 y\r nose gives       
unmi/akable evid5ce t  x is "t1 d n put 
x (f4 ,a spade to scrape ! floor1 an old
  knife = ! ne/ boxes1 & a broom are    
necess>y ut5sils4    ,mat$ birds w *oose
 a ne/+ box aft] becom+ accu/om$ to  _! 
new qu>t]s4 ,! ne/ pans1 ) _! f\ndation 
( tobacco  /ems cut 9 six-in* l5g?s1    

%\ld be 9 place1 & a supply (  %ort hay 
or /raw :]e x c be f\nd4 ,two eggs are  
usually laid1  ) a day betwe5 & sitt+   
beg9s z soon z ! second egg is laid4    
,if ! sight ( a "y squab does n make y  
sick ( y\r *oice (  a hobby1 y are a    
hopeless case1 & ,i pr$ict great success
 = y4  ,"y rob9s are n beautiful to     
behold1 b squabs are su* gha/ly  look+  
little bea/s1 ) no?+ to recomm5d !m     
except _!  entire helplessness4         
,evid5tly ! p>5ts are well satisfi$ )  !
 appe>ance ( _! (fspr+ :i* look j z !y  
expect$1  no d\bt1 & beg9 almo/         
imm$iately to fe$ !m4 ,pigeon milk is   
inject$ into _! op5 ?roats by ! p>5t    
birds1 9 ^: /oma*s  x has be5           
manufactur$4 ,! squabs ga9 rapidly aft] 
a few days  ( ?is milk diet2 p9-fea!rs  
replace ! scanty yell[ d[n 9  ab\t a    
week4 ,at ?ree weeks !y are able to     
walk1 b are /ill f$  by _! p>5ts1 al?\gh
 gra9 is br\ght to !m in/ead ( !        
pr$ige/$ food4    ,al?\gh !y are h>dy1 d
 n suppose t pigeons h no diseases4     

,h[ev]1 ! au?or ( a gov]nm5t bullet9 on 
squab rais+ says t  ) :olesome food1    
prop] h\s+1 & prop] c>e1 v little       
disease is usually enc\nt]$4 ,to prev5t 
disease1 & avoid dampness  9 h\se & fly1
 keep ! food & wat] unta9t$1 & ! h\se   
clean4    ,x is v desirable1 :e!r rais+ 
squabs = m>ket or = pets1  to keep a    
record ( ! p]=mance ( ea* pair4 ,?is is 
usually done  by ! use ( numb]$ tags on 
! birds' legs4 ,! record makes x        
possible to prev5t inbre$+1 gives y k ( 
:e!r c]ta9  pairs are pr(itable1 & keeps
 up y\r own int]e/ f> m ?an  haphaz>d   
me?ods d4      ,,bantams    ,almo/ e    
family t keeps *ick5s has two or ?ree   
banties =  ! *ildr54 ,:at an amus+ sight
 x is to see a t9y fuss-budget  cluck+ &
 bri/l+ to protect a half-doz5 lubb]ly  
,plym\? ,rock  broil]s t %e has be5     
inveigl$ into re>+4 ,b ! rais+ (  pigmy 
f[ls is n conf9$ to ! *ild's play ( !   
*ick5 y>d4 ,at  ! big p\ltry %[s almo/ e
 bre$ ( f[l f ,brahma to ,silkie  has a 
dim9utive mimic1 & ! requirem5ts = !    

dw>fs are j z  rigid z = ! big fell[s4  
,to be j "r a bantam ought n to weigh   
mu* ov] a p\nd1 !  cock %\ld be         
impetu\s1 pugnaci\s1 & haughty2 ! h5    
%\ld be  small] ?an h] "l1 & meek 9     
demean\r except :5 h] flock is  9 dang]4
 ,bantams are v popul> ) amateurs :o    
reg>d !m z a  sort ( joke1 b ! p\ltry   
fanci]s take !m q s]i\sly4 ,x is  n     
unusual = ! prize-w9n+ bantams to br+ z 
high prices z  ! heavy weights4    ,game
 bantams are great fav\rites ) fanci]s4 
,!y are easily  recogniz$ by _! game-f[l
 *>act]i/ics3 tall1 upright c>riage1    
oval body tap]+ f %\ld] to tail1 v long 
legs & neck1  small head1 & almo/ no %[ 
( comb4 ,!re are eight /&>d  v>ieties 9 
,am]ica1 & ! ,game ,bantam ,club is     
int]e/$ 9  improv+ ! bre$s & increas+ ! 
popul>ity ( ! birds4    ,z ! v>ieties ( 
bantams are pretty ?or\ghly mix$1 x is  
no  simple matt] to bre$ birds fit =    
exhibition4 ,b aft] all !re is  s mu*   
fun = boys & girls 9 gr[+ any sort (    
pigmy *ick5s  & su* a good m>ket = bo?  

eggs & pairs = pets t ,i wond]  t m "y p
 d n g into ! bus9ess4 ,bantams take    
less  room ?an ord9>y *ick5s :i* is an  
advantage on a small place4  ,c>e %\ld  
be tak5 to save = sett+ eggs ( none b ! 
smalle/  & mo/ p]fect memb]s ( ! flock1 
& to dispose ( any :i*  are l>g] ?an !  
/&>d or poor 9 %ape or col\r or 9 any   
*>act]i/ics peculi> to bantams4 ,if y   
/>t ) eggs ( "s  f9e bre$1 try to keep  
y\r /ock pure1 & improve x by select+  !
 be/ individuals = bre$+4    ,9 matt]s (
 h\s+1 fe$+1 cleanl9ess1 & c>e1 bantams 
%\ld  be treat$ j l o!r *ick5s4 ,! "y ( 
"s v>ieties are  exce$+ly delicate & _c 
/& ! lea/ neglect4 ,^! are  m l little  
wild ?+s1 p>tridges or quail1 ?an l     
dome/ic  f[ls4 ,o!r v>ieties are z h>dy 
z ,plym\? ,rocks1 b any "o  :o has tri$ 
x kn[s t rais+ ,plym\? ,rocks is no m]e 
joke1  especially 9 a cold1 damp spr+4  
,if y\r fa!r objects to y\r go+ into !  
bantam bus9ess in/ead  ( rais+ /&>d size
 f[ls br+ ^! argum5ts to be> ^u  him3   
,bantams occupy "o f\r? ! space4 ,_!    

food co/s "o fif?  z mu*4 ,_! eggs are  
two ?irds z big4 ,pairs c easily be sold
  )\t exp5sive adv]tis+4      ,,fancy   
,,f[ls    ,if y want to make ! neighb\r 
boys op5 _! eyes1 & !  pass]s-by /& /ill
 to admire1 try ! exp]im5t ( rais+ fancy
  f[ls4 ,gr[+ !m = exhibition purposes  
is su* a sep>ate &  di/9ct dep>tm5t ( ! 
p\ltry bus9ess & dem&s famili>ity  ) _m 
%[ /&>ds1 tricks ( ! trade1 & special   
practices 9 bre$+ & groom+ to br+ a f[l 
up to a high score1  t x may be be/ n to
 und]take to compete ) m exp]i5c$       
bre$]s4    ,a visit to a fancy p\ltry   
exhibition is l a trip to ,wond]l&4  ,j 
look+ at ! pictures ( ! prize w9n]s1 &  
/udy+ !  allur+ adv]tisem5ts ar\ses     
en?usiasm4 ,b to read ! acc\nts (  !    
fanci]s1 or to he> !m talk ab\t ! m]its 
( _! fav\rites  makes a *ick5 lov]      
fairly ?rill ) ard\r4 ,h[ to decide ^u  
:i* v>iety to try is a h>d problem4     
,take a lot ( ?+s into  consid]ation4   
,disc\nt :at ! en?usia/s say ab\t ! "o  
!y  h = sale2 !y mean e ^w ( x1 b !y are

 prejudic$4  ,don't be influ5c$ to      
select "o bre$ :5 y really pref] ano!r4 
,"h is a dep>tm5t :]e p]sonal pref]5ce  
%\ld ca/ ! decid+  vote2 ! "o y l be/ is
 ! be/ "o = y4    ,x is n well kn[n     
except by speciali/s t !re are s _m     
di/9ct v>ieties 9 bre$s ( f[ls4 ,=      
example take ! ,poli%4  ,!re are blue   
,poli%1 pla9 :ite1 gold51 :ite-cre/$1   
black1  buff-lac$1 & silv]2 ( !         
,hamburgs !re are black1 silv]-&        
gold-spangl$1 silv]-& gold5-p5cil$ :ite1
 & s on ?r\gh !  li/4 ,! ,poli% & !     
,h\dans are rem>kable = _! trem5d\s  top
 knots1 ! ,hamburgs1 ,lak5veld]s1 & _m  
o!rs = _!  wond]ful plumage & col\r     
comb9ations1 :ile ! mo/ a/oni%+         
creatures 9 ! :ole *ick5 tribe are !    
,yokahamas ^: sn[-:ite  tail fea!rs     
trail gracefully beh9d !m l a bride's   
g[n &  veil at a fa%ionable w$d+4 ,^!   
mu/ be ! orig9als ( !  extraord9>y f[ls 
repres5t$ on ,japanese & ,filip9o pott]y
 &  embroid]y4    ,x is n mu* wond] t   
fancy bre$s are gr[+ m popul> 9  our    

c\ntry4 ,al?\gh z a rule !y are         
non-sitt]s1 !y are all  describ$ by _!  
advocates z prize lay]s1 "s h5s ev5     
rea*+  ! rem>kable record ( two hundr$  
eggs a ye>4    ,! ,hamburgs1 = example1 
are call$ ,dut* ,ev]la/+ ,lay]s4 ,_!    
eggs are smoo? & sat9y :ite2 ,poli% eggs
 are v l>ge &  sn[-:ite1 b !y are n w9t]
 lay]s2 ,h\dans lay :ite eggs (  great  
size & almo/ c]ta9 f]tility1 & are1     
besides1 excell5t  table f[ls2 !        
,lak5veld]s rank ) ,leghorns z lay]s &  
_!  eggs are also ( a porcela9 :it5ess  
:i* insures a fancy m>ket  9 ,new ,york 
:]e ! pref]5ce is = :ite eggs4    ,d n  
?9k t y c j z well h\se y\r fancy bre$s 
9 )  y\r ord9>y *ick5s4 ,x is a mi/ake4 
,!y %\ld be kept ap>t  f ! beg9n+4      
,light h5s ( common] bre$s are          
successfully  employ$ z fo/]-mo!rs = !  
fancy f[ls1 b x is important to  provide
 sep>ate p5s ev5 = ! "y4 ,if "y *icks   
are kept 9  ! same run ) ^? some:at     
old]1 !y are cr[d$ away f !  fe$+ di%es2
 *icks ) top knots %\ld nev] be rais$ ) 

o!r  sorts4 ,! cre/ int]f]es ) _! sight1
 & !y are n fight]s  & w all[ !mselves  
to be driv5 away f ! food4 ,cre/$  *icks
 %\ld be treat$ ) a grease lice-de/roy] 
at lea/ once a  =tnight4 ,a little ( !  
l>d or sweet oil is en\gh b x %\ld be   
work$ into ! fea!rs to be effectual4    
,use p[d] on ! h5s1 b  n :ile ! *icks   
are oily4    ,mak+ ! neighb\rs gape 9   
op5-ey$ a/oni%m5t is n all !re  is to   
rais+ fancy *ick5s4 ,) a few ye>s'      
exp]i5ce 9 *ick5  rais+ back ( y1 x w\ld
 n be risky to raise !m = comm]cial     
purposes4 ,! popul>ity ( fancy *ick5s is
 j beg9n+ 9 ?is  c\ntry4 ,!re is a f9e  
m>ket = eggs = hat*+1 b z x is          
extremely important to keep ! bre$s pure
 y\r fancy birds %\ld  be kept by       
!mselves practically ! ye> r\nd4 ,mo/ ( 
! bre$s  m5tion$ are q h>dy1 & ! same   
c>e requir$ = ord9>y  p\ltry z to h\s+1 
food1 prev5tion ( disease1 cleanl9ess1 &
  records w insure a good measure (     
success ) fancy f[ls4      ,,dogs       
,rais+ dogs may prove a pr(itable       

bus9ess = any "o :o likes  dogs1 und]/&s
 !m1 & is will+ to doctor !m :5 !y are  
sick1 & tra9 !m to good habits4 ,an     
untra9$ dog is a nuisance1  h[ev] well  
br$ he may be4    ,to />t a small k5nel 
does n require any m room ?an to />t  9 
! *ick5 bus9ess 9 a small way4 ,j n[ !  
prices are s  absurdly high on high-br$ 
dogs ( popul> v>ieties t few b  fanci]s 
c af=d to own ! be/ /ock4 ,:y is x n    
bett] to  raise "s fir/-rate b n        
fa%ionable bre$1 & n ent] into          
competition ) m5 ^: liv+ dep5ds on !    
numb] ( blue ribbons  !y c w9 at dog    
%[s8 ,buy a "y female dog1 tea* h]1 &   
tra9  h]4 ,get exp]i5ce ) "o dog & h] "y
 ones be=e y put 9  mu* capital4 ,f9d   
out by go+ to a good dog %[ :at are !   
po9ts  ( a good dog ( y\r *os5 bre$1    
make out a score c>d1 & m>k  y\r own    
dogs4 ,sell = pets ^? :i* d n come up to
 ! m>k4  ,i h be=e me a balance %eet    
made out by a "y man :o began  rais+    
:ite ,engli% bull t]ri]s 9 n9ete5 hundr$
 & ?ree4 ,9  spite ( a lot ( bad luck1  

:i*1 ) bett] arrangem5ts1 ne$ n  h      
happ5$1 he nett$ ne>ly a hundr$ doll>s !
 fir/ ye> &  ov] two hundr$ ! second    
ye>4 ,?is "y man kept *ick5s1 too1      
beside 8 regul> bus9ess :i* kept him at 
an (fice sev5 h\rs a  day2 & he f\nd    
dogs bett] money mak]s ?an *ick5s4    ,9
 rais+ puppies !re are ?ree important   
ess5tials3 ! "r sort  ( food1 fre%1     
clean wat] to dr9k1 & ex]cise4 ,i       
believe m dogs  get sick f wat] or lack 
( x ?an f any o!r "o cause4 ,if a  dog's
 di% is n clean en\gh = y to dr9k out ( 
y\rself1 !n  x is n fit = y\r pups4     
,keep t 9 m9d4 ,fre% air & sun%9e  are z
 necess>y = puppies z = *ildr54 ,k5nels 
%\ld be airy1  face ! s\?1 & h %av+s or 
/raw b$d+4    ,au?orities diff] ab\t a  
dog's food4 ,x is safe to fe$ him ab\t z
  y w\ld a gr[+ boy4 ,l ! boy he may    
ov]eat ( 8 fav\rite  di%4 ,= breakfa/1  
oatmeal or o!r c]eal ) milk & no sug>2  
= lun*1 "s dry dog biscuit or /ale      
bread2 = aft]noon tea1 s\p  or gravy    
?ick5$ ) boil$ rice or corn mu%4 ,b a   

puppy's supp]  ought to be a good squ>e 
meal because he is an outdoor sleep]1 & 
x  is easy = dogs to take cold on an    
empty /oma*4 ,= supp]1 !n1  give !      
puppies "s bits ( cook$ meat1 /ale      
bread1 & gravy or  cook$ vegetables4    
,nev] fe$ a puppy hot bread or any ri*1 
greasy1  or highly season$ foods4 ,avoid
 all sweets4 ,doesn't t s\nd l a  book  
on :at *ildr5 %\ld eat8 ,b x is quot$ "r
 out ( a dog  book4    ,if y\r dogs get 
sick1 eczema1 di/emp]1 or fits1 consult 
a vet]9>y  surgeon4 ,a good book on dogs
 & _! c>e w be ( greate/ value  to y =  
su* m9or tr\bles z dogs are heir to4    
,full-gr[n dogs d n ne$ m ?an two meals 
a day4 ,mo/ dogs are  ov]-f$1 "u        
ex]cis$1 & are !re=e unheal?y be+s4     
,dogs eat  sl[ly & %\ld n be hurri$4 ,!y
 %\ld be f$ regul>ly b n  fuss$ ov]4    
,a ^w to boys & girls :o own pets3 if y 
live coop$ up on a small  lot y h no "r 
to keep a dog1 mu* less dogs4 ,if y h a 
dog  & let him run at l>ge1 y w probably
 lose him1 & y des]ve  to4 ,nobody has  

any "r1 law or no law1 to all[ 8 live   
/ock1 let  !m be *ick5s1 dogs1 cats1 or 
*ildr51 to annoy ! neighb\rs4 ,a  dog or
 a cat1 a rabbit1 or a family ( *ick5s c
 d m damage 9 a  g>d5 ?an anybody w\ld  
believe1--except ! g>d5]4 ,y\r dog may  
be wor? t5 doll>s2 he may d t5 doll>s'  
wor? ( damage 9 t5  diff]5t bulb b$s 9  
t5 days4 ,a ?irty-c5t cat c fright5 away
  m birds 9 five days ?an an own] c     
attract to 8 g>d5 9 a  :ole season4 ,be 
fair to y\rself1 y\r neighb\r1 & y\r    
animals1  & keep !m on y\r own place4   
,if y are out ) y\r dogs1 t  is a       
diff]5t matt]2 if y h !m tra9$ to heel1 
p w  welcome y4      ,,goldfi%    ,i h  
already said t ! ,%etl& pony is ! ideal 
pet4 ,t is  true /ill1 b ,i %\ld h said 
= out ( doors4 ,( all !  c&idates = !   
(fice ( ideal indoor pet1 ,i believe    
goldfi% w\ld  get ! mo/ votes4    ,!y   
are peaceful & innoc5t1 _! ne$s are few1
 & _! mann]s  engag+4 ,!y are attractive
 9 col\r1 %ape1 & movem5ts & nev]  get  
"u foot4 ,above all !y h no bad habits4 

,!y nei!r squawk  nor :i/le1 b>k1 s+1   
nor h[l4 ,!y nev] /ay out late nights1  
nor  make tr\ble ) ! neighb\rs4 ,!y     
require a m9imum ( att5tion  & a m9imum 
( exp5se bo? = qu>t]s & = food4 ,=      
develop+  a s5se ( responsibility 9     
*ildr5 !y s]ve a good purpose1 &  !y c  
ev5 be taught4 ,x is v evid5t t !y h    
memory z  well z sight1 he>+1 s5se (    
smell1 t\*1 & ta/e4 ,!y easily  le>n1 if
 pati5tly taught1 to "k _! ma/]'s voice 
& to come  :5 he signals4 ,!y w le>n _! 
fe$+ "t & place & seem  to enjoy        
att5tion4    ,j z ) horses1 dogs1 or    
elephants1 ! fir/ ess5tial 9  tea*+     
goldfi% is to ga9 _! confid5ce4 ,?is c  
only be done  by pati5ce & g5tl5ess4 ,a 
re/less1 n]v\s goldfi% ru%+ f  "o side (
 ! tank to ano!r :5 any "o approa*es    
tells its own  /ory4 ,teas$1 fright5$1  
neglect$1 & unhappy !y are inde$ 9 a    
sorry plight1 = !y are1 ev5 m ?an "s o!r
 pets1 utt]ly at  ! m]cy ( _! own]s4 ,! 
soon] !y die & pass into oblivion1  !   
bett]6    ,b :at a pretty sight x is to 

see a well-balanc$ aqu>ium1 wat]  plants
 spread+ _! delicate fronds1 a clean1   
pebbly bottom1 &  bright-col\r$1 heal?y1
 happy1 c>e-free goldfi% glanc+ 9 & out 
9 ! sun%9e4    ,*9a is ! greate/ place =
 goldfi%4 ,re>+ !m !re has be5  r$uc$ to
 a sci5ce4 ,we f9d !m runn+ wild 9 our  
wat]s1 b !y  are n native to ,am]ica4   
,"u ideal natural conditions !y are said
  to live to be a hundr$ ye>s old4 ,_m  
are kn[n to h liv$ to !  age ( t5 ye>s 9
 "o aqu>ium4    ,goldfi% are h>dy1 live 
9 sluggi% /reams or ponds1 & eat all    
sorts ( vegetable matt]4 ,!y also eat   
s(t-bodi$ insects1 worms1  & small fi%1 
ev5 _! own spawn & "y4    ,= directions 
= keep+ goldfi% happy & heal?y 9 an     
aqu>ium  9 ! liv+ room ( y\r home1 ,i   
mu/ ref] y to v>i\s books &  articles on
 aqu>ia & on h[ to make & ma9ta9 !m4    
,rais+ goldfi% = pr(it is a horse ( q   
ano!r col\r4  ,goldfi% are sold by !    
?\s& 9 dep>tm5t /ores z well z 9  %ops  
:i* deal :olly 9 pets4 ,"s fi% are      
import$1 b ! bulk  ( !m are gr[n 9 ?is  

c\ntry4 ,"o ( ! mo/ sci5tific gr[]s  9  
?is c\ntry is ,mr4 ,hugo ,mul]tt1 ^:    
book on ! subject is q  en\gh to make   
its read]s en?usia/ic fi% culturi/s4 ,! 
be/  m>kets are 9 cities1 &             
transportation is difficult & exp5sive4 
,fancy v>ieties w\ld n be 9 dem& except 
9 l>ge cities4    ,"o c beg9 goldfi%    
gr[+ 9 a small way at v small exp5se4   
,f\r tanks or res]voirs are requir$4    
,any boy :o c make a hotb$  frame c make
 ^!4 ,!y %\ld be 9 a s]ies3 ,no4 #a1    
spawn+ pond2  ,no4 #b1 re>+ pond2 ,no4  
#c1 /orage pond2 ,no4 #d1 w9t] pond4    
,:e!r "o makes artificial tanks or      
utilizes a natural valley1  sep>at$ by  
little dams1 x is ess5tial t ! f\r ponds
 %\ld be  s fitt$ t !y c be empti$ at w4
 ,!y %\ld be %elt]$  f cold w9ds & f    
direct summ] sun4    ,! spawn+ pond %\ld
 be built fir/1 & furni%$ ) wat]  plants
 z mu* l nature z possible4 ,female fi% 
ready to spawn c  be b\ght f gr[]s4 ,^! 
m5 are reliable & "k h[ to advise  y4 ,x
 is to _! advantage to increase ! int]e/

 9 goldfi%4    ,:ile build+ tank ,no4   
#b1 keep wat* = eggs 9 ! spawn+ tank4   
,lay+ beg9s late 9 ,april or e>ly 9 ,may
 outdoors4 ,! egg is no  bigg] ?an a    
p9head1 yell[1 or cream-col\r$4 ,look = 
!m on  ! plants4 ,snip ! twigs (f )     
great c>e & transf] ! eggs1  twigs &    
all1 into l>ge c&y j>s 9 clean wat]2 "o 
hundr$ eggs  is en\gh = a gallon j>4 ,be
 c>eful t ! wat] is ( ! same  temp]ature
 9 ! j> z 9 ! tank4 ,eggs %\ld be kept n
 l[]  ?an sixty degrees ,fahr41 & n     
high] ?an n9ety degrees ,fahr4  ,!y hat*
 9 two or ?ree days or at mo/ 9 less ?an
 a week4 ,d n  di/urb ! wat]4 ,sudd5    
*anges ( temp]ature w kill ! "y  fi%4   
,:5 ! fi% are ?ree days old1 !y are     
pretty lively & w soon  beg9 to ne$ o!r 
food ?an t suppli$ by ! egg4 ,to transf]
  !m f ! incubator to ! re>+ tank is a  
delicate op]ation4  ,mr4 ,mul]tt advises
 putt+ ! t9y fi% into a small1 %all[1   
nurs]y tank fir/ to make ! *ange m      
gradual4 ,! j> c be  empti$ v g5tly1 fi%
 & all1 into ?is tank4    ,prep>e ! re>+

 tank1 tak+ e precaution aga9/ enemies4 
,x  %\ld be cov]$ ) a scre5 to keep !   
dragon flies f lay+  _! eggs 9 ! tank4  
,dragon fly nymphs are dea? on new-hat*$
  goldfi%4 ,if ! fi% get a good />t !y w
 hold _! own4 ,let  me w>n y aga9 to    
take great precaution aga9/ *ill+ ! fi%4
  ,a few degrees diff]5ce may be fatal4 
,:5 ! fi% are a week to t5  days old1 !y
 %\ld be ab\t a half-in* long1 d>t+     
swiftly ab\t  9 ! nurs]y tank4 ,be sure 
! temp]ature ( ! wat] is "r1  !n set a  
wide-m\!d pail or j> full ( wat] d[n 9 !
 tank )  ! fi%1 & dip ! bigge/ "o at a  
"t ) a little h& net (  s(t mat]ial4 ,d 
n cr[d ! fi% 9 ! transf] pail1 b r  make
 m frequ5t trips4 ,extremely delicate   
h&l+ is absolutely  necess>y4 ,d n dip !
 fi% out ( ! j>1 b put x d[n 9 !  wat]  
deep en\gh s !y c swim out ( _! own     
accord4 ,!y are to  /ay a long "t 9 !   
re>+ pond s mu/ n be cr[d$4 ,9 a tank   
cov]+ an area ( "o hundr$ & sixty squ>e 
feet1 two hundr$ to  ?ree hundr$ fi% c  
be re>$4 ,:5 !y are only "o half an in* 

long1 ! tank looks ?9ly settl$1 b !y    
soon gr[4    ,! "y are silv]-gray at    
fir/4 ,!y usually get _! p]man5t  col\r 
be=e rea*+ ! age ( two mon?s4 ,9 w>m    
ponds1 9 sunny  wea!r1 goldfi% may gr[  
to be six in*es long 9 ! fir/ summ]1  b 
betwe5 two & ?ree in*es is m normal4    
,goldfi% 9 outdoor re>+ ponds d n       
require artificial fe$+4  ,nature       
supplies !m ) _! natural food4    ,!    
/orage tank is simply to keep ! fi% 9   
:ile await+  pur*as]s4 ,x %\ld be divid$
 by p>titions into small comp>tm5ts4  ,x
 is conv5i5t to sort ! fi% tak5 f ! re>+
 tank1 s t  ^? ( "o size or col\r or    
v>iety c be sep>at$ & buy]s  c readily  
see ! /ock4 ,x is easi] to cat* !m 9 !  
small  tank also4 ,9 ! /orage tank "s   
fe$+ is usually ne$$4 ,fre%1  dry bread 
crumbs are recomm5d$ by mo/ fi% gr[]s2  
fe$ small  am\nts until !y get us$ to x 
& until y "k j h[ mu* !y  require4    ,!
 w9t] pond co/s ! mo/ to build4 ,x %\ld 
be ?ree feet or  m deep1 l9$ ) bo>ds or 
cem5t1 & locat$ s t wat]  w be mov+     

?r\gh x1 9 & out sl[ly all w9t]1 to     
prev5t  freez+4 ,x %\ld be cov]$ dur+   
/orms4 ,gr[]s plan to get rid  ( _! /ock
 except bre$]s be=e w9t] sets 94 ,"o c  
disp5se  entirely ) a w9t] tank if he c 
e/abli% a h\se aqu>ium  successfully =  
w9t]+ ! fi% f :i* he expects to obta9   
spawn ! foll[+ spr+4    ,z might be     
expect$ ( animals :i* h = s _m c5turies 
be5 associat$ ) man1 goldfi% h a good _m
 diseases4 ,_!  ill-heal? c almo/       
inv>iably be trac$ to neglect or        
ignorance  on ! "p ( ! p]son ^u :om !y  
are dep5d5t4 ,! signs (  ill-heal? are  
usually q noticeable4 ,!y are3 ,fad$    
col\rs1  bloody /reaks1 coat$ or inflam$
 f9s1 & swoll5 gill cov]s4  ,mo/ ( !    
tr\bles h to d ) air supply4 ,:5 a fi%  
loses  col\r & appetite1 has a slimy    
coat+1 & acts weak & deject$1  x %\ld be
 put into a hospital aqu>ium :]e pl5ty (
 plants  are fl\ri%+1 at a temp]ature ( 
sev5ty to eighty degrees ,fahr4  ,"o    
teaspoonful ( salt to ea* gallon ( wat] 
w be good = !  fi%1 b no food %\ld be   

(f]$ = sev]al days4 ,?is rem$y w        
usually re/ore ! fi% if its tr\ble is   
asphyxia or it* & has  n gone too f>4 ,9
 ! op5 wat] conditions "r !mselves m    
readily1 b fi% act+ que]ly %\ld be tak5 
out f among !  o!rs4    ,! greate/ h>m  
may result f hail /orms & heavy ra9s on 
unprotect$ tanks4 ,! natural enemies (  
goldfi% inhabit ! same  ponds & to      
succe$ "o mu/ daily wage w> aga9/       
crayfi%1  tadpoles1 salam&]s1 snakes1   
fi%-eat+ birds1 muskrats1 & aquatic     
insects4 ,toad & frog spawn f\nd 9      
goldfi% ponds %\ld be remov$  to "s o!r 
pond to mature4 ,^! creatures are useful
 z de/roy]s  ( insects b y c disp5se )  
!m 9 goldfi% tanks4      ,,! ,,/ory ,,( 
,a ,,boy',s ,,animal ,,cage    ,two ye>s
 ago1 :5 ,i 0 t5 ye>s old1 my fa!r built
 me a h\se =  my animals4 ,x is tw5ty   
feet squ>e & t5 feet high4 ,! framework 
is ( wood4 ,! walls are cov]$ ) wire    
nett+4 ,9 w9t] !y are  bo>d$ 94 ,la/    
w9t] we _h a fire 9 a /ove 9 !          
passageway1  b we decid$ t ! animals 7  

bett] (f )\t x4 ,! p5  co/ ab\t "o      
hundr$ & fifty doll>s4 ,i keep 9 x ?ree 
'coons1  t5 to ?irty rabbits1 & ab\t    
tw5ty pigeons4 ,two 'coons1 ,tom &      
,j]ry1 ,i h _h ?ree ye>s2 ! o!r "o1     
,paul9e1 ,i h _h two  ye>s4 ,my olde/   
rabbits1 ,h>ry & ,lily1 ,i h _h six     
ye>s4 ,!  'coon p5s & ! passageway h    
wood5 floors4 ,! walls ( !  'coon p5 h  
d\ble wire to prev5t ! 'coons f grabb+ !
  o!r animals4 ,_! p5s g up to ! ro( ( !
 h\se4 ,! rabbit  p5s are sep>at$ by    
movable wire panels six feet high4 ,on  
?is side  ( ! h\se !re is a second /ory 
= ! rabbits & pigeons4 ,?is  is rea*$ by
 a /ep-ladd]1 & is divid$ by movable    
panels4 ,!  pigeons' h\se is ov] !      
passageway4 ,!re are %elves ) nappies  9
 !m = ne/s4 ,x is op5 at bo? ends 9     
summ]4 ,i h kept cr[s  & :ite rats2 !y 7
 n a success4 ,! cr[s kill$ ! rabbits1  
& ! rats smell$ bad4    ,i fe$ ! rabbits
 morn+ & night & wat] !m once4 ,_! fe$  
is oats 9 ! morn+ & hay at night4 ,!y h 
f two to eight  little ones 9 a litt]4  

,:5 !y multiply too fa/ we eat !m4  ,_! 
meat is l *ick54 ,! only way to di/+ui% 
x is by !  bones4 ,i fe$ & wat] ! 'coons
 twice a day4 ,!y h a sort (  cake made 
( corn meal4 ,!y gr[ v fat 9 ! fall1 b 9
 !  spr+ & summ] !y get v ?94 ,!y are n 
( any use except  to look at4 ,i did    
play ) !m until !y bit my si/]4 ,s9ce !n
  ,i h be5 timid ab\t play+ ) !m4 ,i fe$
 :eat to ! pigeons  once a day4 ,i h    
tumbl]s & magpie pigeons4 ,bo? k9ds are 
great  fight]s4 ,i h f\r ducks1 also1   
two ,mall>ds & two ,pek9s4 ,_!  p5 is   
outside ( ! rabbit p54 ,9 summ] ,i keep 
!m %ut up "h4  ,9 colde/ w9t] wea!r ,i  
keep !m 9 ! b>n4 ,! re/ ( ! ye>  !y w&] 
ab\t z !y please4 ,!y h a tub1 :i* ,i   
keep fill$  ) wat]1 :]e !y c ba!4 ,i fe$
 !m corn4 ,!y are mu* m  int]e/+ pets   
?an h5s4      ,a ,,/ory ,,( ,,success   
,,) ,,dogs    ,"s ye>s ago two "y wom51 
"o a bookkeep]1 ! o!r a  /5ograph]1     
decid$ to ex*ange city = c\ntry life4   
,born &  re>$ on f>ms1 !y secur$ sev5   
acres ( f>m l&1 ) cottage1  b sixte5    

miles f ,*icago1 & />t$ a *ick5 bus9ess4
 ,?is  did n prove entirely successful1 
ma9ly1 z ! n[ prosp]\s  f>m]s admit1    
because ( ignorance & inexp]i5ce4       
,meantime ! f9e collie dog1 kept z gu>d 
& companion1 0 br++  _m reque/s = good  
puppies1 & x 0 det]m9$ to raise collies 
in/ead ( *ick5s4 ,s ,daisy ,rightaway1  
an ,engli% *ampion1 0  pur*as$1 lat] be+
 jo9$ by import$ ,ma/] ,cl9k]1 son ( !  
fam\s ,wi%aw ,cl9k]1 :i* 0 br\ght f     
,engl& ab\t ?ree ye>s  ago by ,j4       
,pi]pont ,morgan at a fabul\s price4    
,w>n$ by ! try+  *ick5 exp]i5ce1 ,miss  
,port]1 :o conducts ! f>m :ile ,miss    
,b5son reta9s h] bus9ess position &     
looks aft] ! city end (  affairs1       
resolv$ to make ha/e sl[ly 9 ! new      
direction4 ,few1 b  good1 animals 7     
*os51 only ! be/ ( ! "y /ock 0 plac$  on
 ! m>ket1 & if ! f>m books at fir/ %[$ b
 small pr(its1  ! upw>d tr5d1 bo? 9 ca% 
& reputation1 0 gratify+ly /eady4  ,)   
less ?an f\r ye>s ( pr(essional dog re>+
 beh9d !m1  & ) all build+s1 runs1 etc41

 orig9ally lack+1 ! pleas$  proprietors 
( ,sylvan ,f>m rejoice 9 promis+        
f9ancial /ati/ics  = ! la/ half ( t "t4 
,ab\t two ye>s ago came1 app>5tly by    
*ance1 t bran* ( !  bus9ess :i* has1    
p]haps1 prov$ mo/ lucrative1 & :i* is   
especially wor?y ( note by o!r wom5 )   
c\ntry homes1 love =  & "s k ( dogs1 & a
 desire to make money4 ,a fri5d :o  own$
 f9e collies envi$ ! spl5did environm5t 
"u :i* !  ,sylvan can9es fl\ri%$1 & ask$
 p]mission to bo>d "s ( 8  "y puppies ) 
,port] & ,b5son1 to give ! "y wom5 _!   
(ficial title4 ,! dogs s5t ?riv$        
rem>kably1 & he m5tion$ !  matt] to o!r 
dog fanci]s1 & !y to /ill o!rs4 ,almo/  
)\t  kn[+ h[ x happ5$1 ! delight$ f>m]s 
soon f\nd !mselves  c>+ regul>ly = f =ty
 to sev5ty-five well br$ dogs4    ,only 
collies 7 at fir/ accept$1 b bus9ess &  
accommodations  alike gradually wid5$   
until practically all k9ds ( dogs are n[
  h&l$1 9 a mo/ progressive & hygi5ic   
mann]4 ,an isolation h\se  = dogs :5    
fir/ receiv$ or suspect$ ( illness2     

heat$ homes  = "y mo!rs1 puppies1 &     
lapdogs2 w9t] h\ses1 ) %elt]s  = op5-air
 ex]cise 9 bad wea!r2 commodi\s sep>ate 
runs--^!  are among ! conv5i5ces n[     
enjoy$ by ! happy visitors ^:  own]s are
 (f = ! summ] or w9t] or are o!rwise    
unable to c>e  = _! *]i%$ pets4 ,!      
,despla9es ,riv] runs by ! f>m & a      
picturesque riv] run is mu* appreciat$  
by wat] dogs & ^?  enjoy+ an occasional 
frolic 9 cool wat]4 ,two f9e c[s provide
  fre% milk 9 abundance = ! nurs+ mo!rs 
& "y puppies4  ,e dog1 :e!r bo>d] or    
family resid5t1 is p]sonally &          
intimately kn[n to ,miss ,port]1 :o     
takes sole c>e ( !m ) !  aid ( an       
intellig5t boy to p]=m ! r\gh] tasks4   
,five doll>s mon?ly is *>g$ = ! bo>d (  
heal?y dogs1 )  special rates = ^? ne$+ 
special c>e4 ,! /&>d diet>y1  v>i$ to   
suit individual & class ne$s & v>y+     
occasions1 is  compos$ ( s\p made ( meat
 & vegetables1 meat jelly1 rice1 pl5ty  
( bones1 & dog biscuit1 ) w>m milk e two
 h\rs = ! "y  mo!rs & puppies4 ,! o!r   

dogs are f$ twice daily--to ! m9ute4  ,9
 ?is incessant1 indisp5sable c>e is f\nd
 ! *ief drawback (  ! bus9ess = ^? fond 
( p]sonal fre$om1 s9ce ! important      
duties ( fe$+1 inspection1 etc41 seldom 
c be delegat$ to ^?  n p]sonally int]e/$
 9 ! dogs4    ,! little f>m provides all
 ! vegetables ne$$ & "s corn1  b all o!r
 food supplies mu/ be pur*as$4 ,) m     
gr\nd !  recurr+ fe$ bills might be made
 small]1 b ! lab\r outlay w\ld  be      
correspond+ly augm5t$4 ,elim9at+        
unnecess>y details1 !  f9ancial         
situation = ! two ye>s 9 :i* ! dog      
exp]im5t has  be5 successfully runn+ /&s
 ?us3                                   
,,exp5d$        ,/ock1 build+s1 & f5ces 
#ghe      ,miscellane\s exp5ses1 lab\r1 
etc4        #bhf      ,fe$              
#hae      ,ca% on h&                    
#gaf                                    
------            ,total                
#b1fjb                                  
,,receiv$        ,orig9al inve/m5t      
#djj      ,sale ( puppies               

#iij      ,bo>d ( dogs                  
#a1bab                                  
------            ,total                
#b1fjb    ,! balance ( sev5 hundr$ &    
sixte5 doll>s does n repres5t a  bad    
pr(it 9 less ?an ?ree ye>s made f an    
inve/m5t ( f\r  hundr$ doll>s1 & :ile ! 
"y f>m]s feel t p]haps 9 o!r  l9es ( "w 
su* increase might h be5 m quickly &    
easily  acquir$1 !y feel t p]haps 9 no  
o!r field c\ld !y h  receiv$ su* high   
divid5ds ( heal?1 happ9ess1 &           
indep5d5ce4  ,! "w is h>d b enjoyable1  
:ile its wid5+ scope & success  br+ true
 satisfaction4 ,sylvan ,f>m n[ receives 
dogs f1 & s5ds  dogs to1 all p>ts ( !   
,unit$ ,/ates1 & ! f>m family (         
high-br$ animals f "t to "t receives    
judici\s addition4 ,"s  fam\s can9es h  
be5 rais$1 welcom$1 & bo>d$1 & "o "y    
puppy1 born on ! place1 rec5tly sold =  
"o ?\s& doll>s4          ,v    ,,"w ,,& 
,,play ,,) ,,tra9$ ,,animals    ,,dairy 
,,c[s      ,if ! boys & girls ( ! f>ms  
are look+ ab\t = a big ?+  to d1 ! v be/

 place = !m to look is at _! fa!r's h]d 
( c[s4 ,ev5 if x isn't a /rictly dairy  
h]d x is kept p>tly  = dairy purposes4  
,e c[ dem&s /abl+1 pa/ure1 fe$1 &       
att5tion4 ,%e is suppos$ to give value  
receiv$ = all ?is4 ,b h[  _m c[ own]s "k
 :i* c[s pay _! bo>d ) a bonus1 :i*     
b>ely keep ev51 & :i* are eat+ _! heads 
(f8 ,! m>g9 (  pr(it :5 fe$ is high is  
too small to risk fe$+ an unproductive  
animal4    ,if y\r fa!r has n be5 9 !   
habit ( keep+ acc\nts ) 8  c[s1 y c make
 him op5 8 eyes4 ,y d n ne$ l$g]s &     
daybooks = y\r simple /atem5t ( facts4  
,br+ e animal face to  face ) h] record4
 ,on "o side ( ! acc\nt put ! co/ ( :at 
y give ea* c[4 ,on ! o!r side :at %e    
gives 9 return4 ,y  w h a page l ?is3   
,rob]ta ,grade ,hol/e9 #e ye>s          
,,debit        ,to fe$ 7at prices y w\ld
 h to pay if y      b\ght x7            
,to /abl+1 e/imate                      
,to c>e 7s mu* an h\r7                  
,,cr$it        ,to milk1 s _m qts4 at s 
mu*                  ,to calf           

,to compo/                              
,y w h to r$uce ! item fe$ to _m items1 
& rememb]  t hay produc$ at home is n   
free hay4 ,x is wor? to fe$ to  ,rob]ta 
j :at y w\ld h to pay :olesale = x if y 
_h to  g to ! fe$ /ore1 m9us ! co/ (    
c>tage4 ,to "w ?is out is  good         
ari?metic1 bett] ?an cov]+ acres (      
blackbo>d space )  examples 9 p>tial    
paym5ts4 ,n[ ,rob]ta may give a good    
quantity  ( milk b ( poor quality4 ,at  
fir/ y might ?9k t didn't  matt]2 x br+s
 j z mu* a qu>t4 ,b does x1 :5 y\r "m  &
 si/]s make x into butt]1 = example8    
,or1 if y sell cream1  w\ldn't y want a 
c[ ^: milk te/$ high 9 butt] fat8 ,y\r  
cu/om]s w\ld1 :e!r !y b\ght milk or     
cream1 ,i "k4    ,illu/ration3          
,photograph by ,julian ,a4 ,dimock4     
,hold+ a ,conv]sation    ,! boys & girls
 9 _m ( ! great dairy+ /ates1 notably   
,ill9ois & ,wiscons9 & ,new ,york1 are  
le>n+ 9 s*ool h[ to te/  milk = ! butt] 
fat x conta9s & ! *ances are t e        
agricultural college 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates  

is ready to in/ruct boys &  girls by    
lett] 9 ?is important "p ( dairy+4 ,_m (
 !m s5d  out pr9t$ lessons giv+ c>eful  
directions ab\t us+ ! ,babcock  te/+    
app>atus1 & ,i h se5 a class ( boys &   
girls 9 a  c\ntry s*ool te/+ milk f _!  
fa!rs' c[s4    ,x is a/oni%+ h[ _m c[s  
are kept on f>ms purely =  ornam5t--or  
maybe to give ! boys pl5ty ( *ores4 ,^! 
c[s  consume z mu* food z good ones1 b  
!y are idl]s4 ,x isn't _!  fault b !    
f>m]'s4 ,c y\r fa!r or y af=d to keep   
money  inve/$ 9 any c[ t returns him    
less ?an a doll> a ye> ov] &  above !   
exp5se ( fe$8 ,a good c[ may co/ twice z
 mu* to buy1  b a good c[ w make ?irty  
or =ty doll>s a ye> cle> ga94  ,^!      
figures are n guess-"w b facts4    ,s ,i
 say aga9 to ! f>m boy & girl--if y want
 to d a big ?+  = y\r home place & = !  
neighb\rhood1 re=m ! dairy h]d4  ,keep a
 record = e c[4 ,weigh ! milk ( ea* "o  
sep>ately  e day = a week1 !n aga9 two  
mon?s lat]1 & s on ?r\gh  h] milk+ days4
 ,take an av]age ( all ^! weights z !   

weekly  weight ( milk & multiply by !   
numb] ( weeks ! c[ gave milk4  ,?is w   
give ! total numb] ( p\nds produc$4     
,le>n h[ to te/  = butt] fat4 ,y\r      
neighb\rhood cream]y te/s ! milk ) a    
,babcock te/ & y c le>n h[4 ,p]suade y\r
 fa!r to sell all  ! c[s :i* fall bel[ a
 fair /&>d & buy good ones4 ,te/ !  milk
 ( ! c[s he ?9ks ( buy+4 ,a poor c[ (t5 
looks z well  z a good "o4 ,! ,ill9ois  
,exp]im5t ,/ation %[s by te/s t         
tw5ty-five ( ! be/ c[s 9 ! /ate produce 
z mu* butt] fat  z t5 hundr$ & tw5ty-"o 
( ! poore/ c[s1 :ile eat+ only  "o =tie?
 z mu* food1 to say no?+ ( ! /able room1
 ! "t  sp5t 9 milk+1 etc4 ,& a qu>t] ( !
 million c[s 9 ! /ate  ( ,ill9ois are   
mak+ _! own]s only sev5ty-sev5 c5ts a   
ye>  apiece4 ,c y\r fa!r af=d to keep t 
k9d ( a c[8      ,,clean ,,home ,,milk  
,i "k :at milk+ is on ! f>m4 ,take x on 
a fro/y ,octob] morn+  ab\t sun-up1 :5 y
 make ! c[ get up f h] b$ s t y c  /& 9 
! w>m spot to w>m y\r feet4 ,x gets no  
bett] f t  "t on1 ev5 if y d milk 9 ! c[

 /able4 ,b ! boys t d  ! milk+ d n      
realize h[ p]fectly fil?y ! milk (t5 is 
:5  x gets to ! h\se4    ,take a milk   
pail f ! %elf1 g d[n to ! c[ b>n4 ,!re  
is  ! c[4 ,?r[ h] d[n an armful ( hay to
 *ew on :ile y milk1  bru% (f ! /ool1   
rub (f ! c['s bag ) a wisp ( hay if %e  
is especially dirty1 nev] m9d y\r h&s or
 ! op5 pail1 ?r[ a  /ream ( milk onto   
ea* palm & beg94 ,is !re a little hay & 
du/  9 ! pail8 ,nev] m9d2 x w /ra9 out4 
,:5 y get ?r\gh1 set  ! pail d[n :ile y 
drive ! c[s out to pa/ure4 ,to be sure1 
!y w raise a lot ( c[-/able du/ & !     
smell is pretty bad  9 !re1 b if y set x
 outside ! pigs w\ld get into x4 ,x is  
ne>ly s*ool "t & y h o!r *ores to d4    
,take x to !  h\se & /ra9 x4 ,"m always 
d\bles ! /ra9] clo?1 b x  takes an awful
 "t = x to run ?r\gh t way4 ,!re1 y said
  ! dirt w\ld /ra9 out1 & look at x !re 
9 ! clo?6    ,?is is a cold-he>t$       
picture ( "o ( ! *ores ! f>m boy        
p>ticul>ly hates4 ,comp>e ea* item ) y\r
 own me?ods & improve  on ea*4 ,home    

milk is n always clean milk4            
,illu/ration3 ,sanit>y milk pail    ,!  
boy t milks ought to d a bett] job ?an  
?is4 ,he ought to  br+ clean milk into !
 h\se4 ,h[ %all he d x8 ,a clean place  
to  milk1 a clean c[1 a clean boy1 & a  
sanit>y milk pail2 ^! f\r  ?+s are )9 ! 
rea* ( e f>m t c af=d a c[4    ,i h se5 
a good _m pat5t milk pails1 mo/ly 9     
/ores1 seldom on  f>ms4 ,! sanit>y milk 
pails keep ! dirt out1 !y don't /ra9  x 
out4 ,"h is "o describ$ by ! man :o     
inv5t$ x = 8 own  use4 ,?is pail is t91 
holds t5 qu>ts or s4 ,on "o side is a   
sp\t  two & a half in*es 9 diamet] &    
?ree in*es long4 ,! sp\t has  a t9 cov] 
l a bak+ p[d] c cov]4 ,to keep ! dirt   
out ( !  top ( ! pail ! man b\ght a t9  
pan1 j ! size to fit tight  into ! top (
 ! pail4 ,j above ! bottom ( ! pan on "o
 side  he _h a t9n] cut eight or t5     
small holes1 l a coll&]4 ,scald  ! pail1
 d\ble ! /ra9] clo? & lay x across ! top
 ( !  pail4 ,press ! pan d[n on ! clo?  
till x goes d[n into ! pail  tight1 tak+

 c>e t ! edge ( ! clo? comes up all     
r\nd4 ,d  all ?is at ! h\se4 ,) ?is     
pail1 a clean milk] c milk a clean  c[ 9
 a sweet smell+ place1 & get clean milk4
 ,?is may look l a  p\nd ( prev5tion1 b 
?9k ( ! tons ( cure x w save4           
,,m>ket+ ,,milk    ,!re are lots ( boys 
deliv]+ milk 9 t[ns & cities4 ,mo/ (  !m
 d _! "p well4 ,b ,i believe !y w\ld l  
to d x bett]4  ,driv+ f "o h\se to ano!r
 is pretty dull bus9ess = a live  boy & 
unless he has some?+ to ?9k ab\t 8 m9d  
w&]s4 ,:y  n put "s ?\ght on ! v bus9ess
 he is engag$ 98 ,does he  "k :at milk  
is8 ,t *ildr5's lives dep5d ^u ! c>e he 
gives  x8 ,does he "k t dirt 9 ice & du/
 f /reets may be deadly  if !y get into 
milk8 ,if du/ gets into t little puddle 
t ought  n to be on top ( ! bottles does
 he wipe x (f ) a dirty rag1  ignorant (
 ! dang]8 ,if he ?\ght ( ^! ?+s & /udi$ 
out  +5i\s ways ( keep+ 8 bottles free f
 du/1 life w\ld no  long] be dull b     
int]e/+4 ,he w\ld be well />t$ t[>d good
  citiz5%ip4      ,,tra9+ ,,pet         

,,animals    ,tra9$ pets h a great]     
m>ket value ?an ^? :i* h no  education4 
,p>rots1 = example1 ) no?+ b _! native  
h>%  squawk1 c be b\ght = v little4 ,b e
 ^w add$ to ,polly's  vocabul>y c be    
express$ 9 dimes add$ to h] price4 ,!re 
are v  few dome/icat$ or tam$ animals s 
lack+ 9 wit t !y _c be  taught4 ,b x    
takes a p>ticul> k9d ( pati5ce &        
p]si/5ce4    ,"s animals le>n v quickly2
 mice = in/ance4 ,"o tra9] has  taught  
!m to walk ! tight rope1 climb ladd]s1  
sw+ 9 a trapeze1  pull t9y wagons1 & d  
o!r little tricks4    ,we h all se5     
tra9$ animals 9 %[s & h m>vell$ at !m4  
,x is h>d to believe t !y are real4 ,x  
takes g5ius to tra9  fleas1 = example1  
or geese1 yet ^! animals are tam$4 ,e   
boy  has a little sp>k ( su* g5ius & )  
use ! sp>k w\ld gr[4    ,dogs are ab\t !
 easie/ animals to tra94 ,tea* a dog    
fir/ to  obey4 ,he mu/ le>n to und]/& j 
z a baby does4 ,h[ long does  x take a  
baby to le>n :at no1 no means8 ,a bright
 dog w le>n  to *>ge ab\t z quickly4 ,:5

 he kn[s :at y mean & t  y really d mean
 x & are n fool+1 he w suit ! action  to
 ! ^w or signal4 ,a little tra9+ e day w
 d !  bus9ess4 ,rew>ds 9 ! =m ( food or 
c>esses appeal to ! dog's  und]/&+4     
,nev] =get to give ! rew>d4 ,y may      
sometimes h  to puni% a dog1 b y %\ld be
 c>eful to make c]ta9 t he  associates !
 puni%m5t ) ! crime4 ,:ipp+ a dog to get
 ev5  ) him is n ! way to make him a    
good dog4 ,he may take 8 *ance  to get  
ev5 "s day4 ,d y blame him8    ,mo/     
*ildr5 expect a dog to le>n too fa/4 ,= 
in/ance1 a boy  wants 8 dog to draw a   
wagon or sl$4 ,! dog is big & /rong &   
!re are leaves to be ga!r$ or k9dl+ to  
be br\ght 94 ,don't  make a h>ness1 =ce 
x onto ! dog1 hit* him up reg>dless ( 8 
prote/s1 & expect him to trot (f l a    
pony4 ,ponies are tra9$ to  ! feel ( !  
h>ness f _! y\? up4 ,y\r dog w rebel1 n 
angrily1 b none ! less emphatically4 ,he
 w lie d[n or slip !  h>ness or o!rwise 
rid himself ( ! burd54 ,or he w balk4   
,tra9  him gradually1 j z y w\ld a colt 

or calf4 ,he w le>n fa/]  ?an ei!r4     
,dogs are sometimes tra9$ to c>ry       
baskets or bundles & c ev5 be  tru/$ to 
g on err&s alone1 if1 by go+ ov] ! same 
r\te daily1  _! m9ds are impress$       
suffici5tly4    ,tra9+ a dog %\ld beg9 9
 puppyhood4 ,make comm&s 9 s+le  words &
 accompany ! ^w ) a sign4 ,use always ! 
same easily  int]pret$ sign ) ! comm&   
^w4 ,tea* him 8 "n fir/1 !n  to come :5 
call$4 ,aft] ^! comm&s are ?or\ghly     
le>n$1 tea*  him to come to heel1 *>ge1 
& simil> comm&s4 ,a poor tea*]  w make a
 poor dog1 s tea* y\rself pati5ce4 ,y\r 
voice %\ld be  firm b nev] l\d or       
high-pit*$4    ,a "y dog w le>n to h]d  
cattle1 %eep1 or goats m easily f  an   
old dog ?an f y4 ,he w foll[ 8 lead] at 
fir/1 !n  lat] he c g on ahead driv+ !  
h]d on 8 own responsibility or  9       
ob$i5ce to a comm&4    ,illu/ration3    
,photograph by ,george ,g4 ,mc,lean4    
,gyp ,has ,an ,ax to ,gr9d    ,did y try
 to tea* y\r dog to retrieve by duck+   
him8 ,h[ silly6  ,h[ soon w\ld y le>n to

 swim by t me?od8 ,beg9 by lett+  him   
?9k he is br++ y 8 play-ball1 al?\gh    
really y are  pull+ x by an atta*$ /r+4 
,insi/ on 8 giv+ up ! ball  e "t4 ,d x  
aga9 & aga9 till he is out ( ! prim]    
class4  ,?r[ ! ball a few feet at fir/1 
!n f>!r & f>!r away till  he has t trick
 d[n f9e4    ,:5 ! wat] is well w>m$ by 
! spr+ sun%9e1 take him to !  %ore &    
repeat ! same lessons pati5tly1 a little
 ea* day4 ,if y  h an old retriev] ) y !
 y\ng/] w be ambiti\s to g  him "o bett]
 & w le>n m quickly4    ,x is necess>y 9
 tra9+ dogs to consid] ! inborn in/9cts 
(  ! bre$4 ,a t]ri] is a nat'ral ratt] &
 ne$s little tra9+  = t1 b y w\ld h to  
tra9 a long "t to get a spaniel to  cat*
 rats4    ,a dog on ! f>m c be tra9$ to 
save ! boys a lot ( /eps4 ,we  _h a     
%eph]d dog once :i* 0 a fam\s runn]4 ,:5
 my fa!r  suspect$ t ! cattle 7 break+  
into ! cornfield1 he w\ld g  fir/ to !  
top ( ! knoll by ! h\se1 hold ,nimp up 9
 8 arms1  po9t 9 ! direction ( ! c[s4   
,nimp w\ld :imp] & squirm &  :5 let d[n 

0 (f l a /reak ( br[n lightn+4 ,he w\ld 
n  g 9 a bee-l9e1 b foll[$ fir/ ! road1 
!n ! l9e f5ce  to :]e ! m>aud+ cattle 7 
at "w4 ,by ! "t my fa!r  or "o ( ! boys 
on horseback rea*$ ! break 9 ! f5ce !   
fleet-foot$ dog w\ld be hu/l+ ^? c[s4   
,if he didn't actually  get !m back into
 pa/ure he kept !m mov+ s t !y got no m 
gre5 corn ?an 0 good = !m4 ,good old dog
 0 all ,nimp expect$  = little de$s (   
k9dness l ?is4 ,he wagg$ 8 head1 hung   
out  8 long p9k tongue1 & almo/ smil$ ) 
satisfaction4 ,!re 0 no  d\bt t he 0    
pleas$ ) hav+ outwitt$ ! c[s1 = :i* he  
_h small respect4    ,tea*+ a collie to 
h]d %eep or goats is a special sort (   
bus9ess2  exp]i5c$ %eph]ds c tea* y h[ x
 is done4 ,tra9+ hunt+  dogs is also a  
"w = exp]ts4 ,anybody kn[s t a poorly   
tra9$  dog makes ! diff]5ce betwe5 real 
sport & disgu/+ failure4 ,a  "y man ) a 
real aptitude = tra9+ dogs = v>i\s =ms (
  hunt+ c f9d opportunities to turn ?is 
g5ius into ca%4      ,,tra9+ ,,"y       
,,horses    ,break+ colts is a phrase   

h&$ d[n to u1 ,i ?9k1 f ! days  way back
 :5 our pione] ance/ors us$ to g out &  
cat* a wild  horse & break x to saddle &
 h>ness4 ,on ran*es :]e colts range  ov]
 va/ areas & nev] get acqua9t$ ) human  
be+s except at  br&+ "t1 x is little    
wond] t !y mu/ be brok54 ,!y d a  little
 break+ on _! own acc\nt1 too4 ,b on !  
small f>m :]e  ?ree or f\r colts a ye>  
or few] are rais$1 no colt %\ld ne$ to  
be brok54 ,all %\ld be tra9$1 :i* is "o 
way ( say+ taught  or educat$4          
,ev]y?+ dep5ds ^u ! colt's le>n+ ea* ?+ 
"r fir/4  ,if y put an old1 worn /rap on
 him1 or a fray+ rope :i* he c  break1  
he w j z likely z n become a halt] &    
bridle break]4    ,a little colt />ts   
out )\t any habits4 ,all ! bad ones z   
well  z all ! good ones are le>n$4 ,e   
bad habit h>ks "r back to  "s mi/ake4 ,y
 c manufacture balky horses by ov]load+ 
a wagon  = y\r team ( colts4 ,i h se5   
boys tease a colt j to see him  kick4 ,t
 /rikes me z lack+ 9 horse s5se4    ,e  
"t y g out ) y\r fa!r to visit !        

two-ye>-olds &  ! ye>l+s1 be sure t y   
pet & c>ess !m4 ,don't attempt to  m\nt 
"o till y h accu/om$ him to ! feel ( a  
burd5 on 8  back1 a v small weight fir/1
 !n ! saddle ( an old h>ness1  !n a v   
light saddle4 ,don't act z if y 7 9     
desp]ate ne$  ( a saddle horse4 ,8 tra9+
 _c all be done 9 "o visit4 ,a  ye>l+   
mu/ be taught to lead1 !n to be driv54  
,aft] a two-ye> old has be5 accu/om$ to 
! feel ( a h>ness1  "o "p at a "t1 he c 
safely be hit*$ ) "s old /ag] to  a     
light wagon1 & taught :at pull+ means4  
,he %\ld already "k  t a pull on ! "r   
re9 means gee & on ! left means haw2    
nev] give ! comm& :oa to a colt1 unless 
y h ! muscle  to make y\r comm& good4 ,a
 runaway may n break any h>ness1 nor    
any vehicle1 nor any bones1 ?is "t1 b a 
runaway horse is an  ill-tra9$ horse4   
,x is almo/ an impossible ?+ to tra9 an 
old1 high-spirit$ horse  to reg>d an    
automobile or a trolley c> ) any?+ b    
disfav\r4 ,a  "y horse c le>n easily4   
,soon aft] a colt is well halt]-broke   

he %\ld be l$ ar\nd :]e ! f>m ma*9]y is 
at "w4 ,he mu/  be held ) a /rong h& & n
 be all[$ to bolt :5 ! m[+  ma*9e />ts4 
,break ! automobile to him g5tly4 ,lead 
him up to  a quiet "o4 ,h a bit ( 8     
fav\rite da9ty to (f] him f  ! seat &   
see to x t he is conv9c$ t ! automobile 
is  h>mless4 7,w\ld t x 7 true67 ,speak 
reassur+ly to him4 ,if he  j]ks back1   
don't get mad & :ack him1 j to v5t y\r  
impati5ce4  ,he w associate y\r :ack ) !
 automobile1 & y w  h y\r "w to d ov]   
aga94 ,i h kn[n ( a colt be+ made       
trolley-wise 9 an h\r & he nev] has     
=gott52 he w\ld no m  %y :5 "o :irls by 
?an he w\ld at 8 own "m hit*$ to a  load
 ( hay4      ,,treadmills ,,& ,,cranks  
,h[ a boy does hate ! sight ( a crank4  
,turn+ ! gr9d/one1  runn+ ! wa%+ ma*9e &
 *urn+ are "p ( a c\ntry boy's  daily   
life4 ,he may d ^! ?+s *e]fully1 because
 he kn[s !y  are boys' jobs or because  
he hates to see 8 "m do+ !m ev5  worse  
?an he hates do+ !m himself4 ,b t       
doesn't prove t !  boy's ta/es run to   

crank turn+4    ,:y n tra9 a dog or a   
%eep to turn ! crank8 ,t's a s*eme4 ,x's
  fun to tra9 an animal & !n x w be m   
fun to see him d !  "w :ile y read a    
book & wat* him4    ,"h is a picture ( a
 big :eel f :i* a belt runs to a        
gr9d/one out "u a tree4 ,9 ! :eel /&s a 
good dog2 by 8  bright eyes1 8 erect    
c>riage1 & ! ne>-smile on 8 face1 y  c  
see t he is no br[-beat5 lab\r]4 ,a man 
at ! gr9d/one  holds ! axe & ! :eel is  
ready to turn4 ,?is f9e dog kn[s t  a   
c]ta9 signal means "w4 ,he does n skulk 
(f & hide1 nor yawn  & look limp4 ,he   
/eps up into ! :eel1 waits = ! signal1  
!n  beg9s a /eady tread4 ,on ,mondays he
 does ! wa%+1 on ,tuesdays &  ,fridays  
he *urns1 on o!r days he helps gr9d !   
axe1 ! sickle1  ! scy!1 or ! but*]      
knife4 ,:5 ! job is done1 at a well-kn[n
  signal1 ! dog /ops1 /eps (f ! :eel1 & 
waits = ! k9dly  pat ( 8 mi/ress or !   
,good old fell[ ( 8 ma/]4      ,,mak+   
,,animals ,,happy    ,9 tra9+ any       
dome/ic animal y w f9d _! greate/       

weakness  is fe>1 j z ) wild animals4 ,y
 d n want to develop ?is  b to w9 _!    
confid5ce4 ,) horses tak5 "r f ! range  
or  wild1 ! m5 :o are mo/ successful are
 ^? :o tra9 by k9dness4  ,a horse ^: _s 
is brok5 & :o does 8 task because he is 
afraid n to is n a safe horse4 ,i       
w\ldn't tru/ him 9 an  em]g5cy4 ,a horse
 :o lives 9 a /ate ( fe> has v little   
s5se4    ,illu/ration3 ,photograph by   
,julian ,a4 ,dimock4 ,a ,gr\p ( ,happy  
,f>m  ,animals    ,"o bl[1 yell1 j]k1 or
 ev5 a ?reat5+ motion w (t5  oblit]ate  
all ! "w y h done4 ,s ! animal tra9] mu/
 n  lose 8 temp]1 especially ) dogs &   
horses4 ,! m intellig5t  ! animal1 ! m  
k9dness & g5tl5ess are requir$4 ,on "o  
f>m1  y w see ! calves trembl+ :5 com+ =
 _! food1 try+ to  keep "o eye out =    
sudd5 bl[s :ile dr9k+2 ! horses j]k+    
timidly up z if expect+ _! t5d] m\?s to 
be yank$2 ! c[s  kick+ ! milk]s2 ! colts
 h>d to toll 9 f pa/ures2 ! dog  ) tail 
betwe5 8 legs2 ! cat on h] way up a     
tree4 ,d y "k  ! own]s ( su* animals8   

,h[ are ! boys ( ! family lik$ 9 !      
neighb\rhood8 ,are ! girls popul> &     
good-natur$8 ,has ! "m  ! sweet & pati5t
 look t ! be/ mo!rs h8    ,e dome/ic    
animal ought to be kept happy4 ,a happy 
h5 w lay  eggs1 a happy cat w purr & rub
 y\r leg 9 pass+1 n because  %e wants   
any?+ out ( y1 b because %e ?9ks y are a
 good  fell[ & t's h] way ( express+    
h]self2 %e w cat* mice  = y1 too4 ,a    
happy c[ w give d[n h] milk2 a happy pig
 w lay  on fat fa/] ?an a mis]able "o1 a
 happy horse w almo/ trot at  ! pl\gh4  
,s really x pays to keep animals happy4 
,hav+ creature  com=ts alone is n en\gh 
= mo/ animals4 ,!y l att5tion1  c>esses1
 & ev5 seem to enjoy & und]/&           
conv]sation4    ,boys t tra9 animals w  
f9d t ! animals tra9 !m4 ,if y  h a hot 
temp] & c keep x 9 en\gh to tra9 a dog  
to draw a  wagon1 y w f9d x isn't s h>d 
to hold 9 :5 y are play+  ball4         
,self-control is "o ( ! bigge/ ?+s 9    
life4    ,! tra9+ ( a calf or colt %\ld 
beg9 e>ly1 j z ) o!r  animals4 ,if !    

animal has nev] be5 fright5$ ! task is  
easy4  ,beg9 gradually4 ,pett+ = a day  
or two w get him us$ to be+  h&l$4 ,a   
rope may be knott$ r\nd 8 neck & worn = 
a day or  two1 or a rope halt] put ov] !
 head2 some?+ t slips on  easily s t y  
don't h to hold ! y\ng/]'s head4 ,:5 he 
is accu/om$ to ! feel ( ! halt]1 y c    
lead him to 8 food  )\t 8 realiz+ x4    
,unconsci\sly he gets us$ to ! pull on !
  rope4    ,a pair ( well-mat*$ ox51    
tra9$ by k9dness1 taught to gee  & haw  
at ! ^w )\t re9s or goad1 ) no bad      
habits l  kick+ or turn+ 9 ! yoke1 are  
wor? betwe5 two & ?ree  hundr$ doll>s4  
,!y />t$ out wor? f\r or five doll>s a  
head  = veal4 ,tra9+ & grass h done mo/ 
( ! re/4 ,if tra9$  9 k9dness1 !y are   
docile1 g5tle1 indu/ri\s1 & ?\gh less   
spirit$ ?an horses1 !y are also /eadi] &
 f> bett] suit$ to  _m heavy f>m tasks  
?an horses4 ,! h>ness = ox5 is v simple1
  co/s little1 & seldom ne$s m5d+4    ,e
 c\nty fair ought to (f] prizes =       
animals tra9$ by boys &  girls4 ,i      

believe boys tra9 animals m (t5 ?an     
girls d4 ,i wond]  h[ t comes4 ,practise
 on ! h5s1 girls1 & on ! cat4 ,i "k (  a
 cat :i* picks up nuts & puts !m 9 a    
basket q z a *ild  might4 ,?is cat      
treads a :eel1 too1 to turn ! *urn4     
,if all ! animals 7 happy & e>n$ _!     
liv+1 help+ d !  "w1 z well z reproduc+ 
_! k9d1 f>m life w\ld be less dre>y  &  
h>d%ips w\ld seem less h>d & ! c\ntry   
w\ld be a bett]  place to live 94       
,,tam+ ,,wild ,,animals    ,all little  
*ildr5 are int]e/$ 9 animals4 ,x does n 
take mu*  argum5t to conv9ce a boy t he 
ne$s a dog or ! girl t %e  ne$s a can>y 
bird4 ,if1 z !y gr[ old]1 !y seem to    
lose _!  pleasure 9 ! companion%ip (    
animals1 x means t some?+ is  wrong4    
,probably home conditions are su* t an  
intimate acqua9tance  ) any animal is   
inconv5i5t or else "s unnatural lessons 
9  natural hi/ory h be5 =c$ ^u ! *ildr5 
at s*ool & _!  int]e/ 9 ! real ?+s has  
be5 dead5$4 ,i h he>d _m boys  & girls  
say t !y dislike zology4 ,take ^! same  

boys & girls  out on an excursion1 ) an 
op]a glass or ) an insect net1 or %[  !m
 a rabbit's tracks 9 ! new sn[1 & :o w  
say !y are n  awake & int]e/$8    ,!    
fir/ ?+ y want to "k ab\t an animal is  
its "n4 ,!  same is true ( a new        
neighb\r or a new s*oolmate4 ,! "n does 
n tell y mu* ab\t ! animal or ! boy4 ,:5
 y "k !m  bett] y w give !m names t fit4
 ,! new boy's "n may be  ,reg9ald4 ,:5 !
 boys get to "k him !y may call him     
,piggy1 or  ,*ief1 dep5d+ on :at k9d ( a
 boy he is4 ,b a "n is a great          
conv5i5ce4    ,next aft] ! "n y want to 
"k :]e he lives1 h[ he lives1 &  above  
all :at he c d4 ,aft] all :at he c d is 
! boy1 &  ! same is true ( o!r animals4 
,h[ are boys & girls go+ to f9d out :at 
animals c d1 h[ !y  live1 h[ !y make a  
liv+8    ,! good old natural way to f9d 
out :at an animal c d & w  d is to cat* 
him & wat* him4 ,"s small neighb\rs (   
m9e did  n cat* gras%opp]s & ?r[ !m into
 ! wat] because !y 7  cruel1 al?\gh _!  
"m b]at$ !m = cruelty4 ,!y want$ to  f9d

 out :e!r gras%opp]s c\ld swim or n4 ,! 
boys :o cat*  squirrels & rabbits &     
birds & put !m 9 cages want to take c>e 
( !m & tea* !m tricks4    ,b1 see+ !    
wild ones unhappy & droop+1 mo/ boys w  
volunt>ily let !m g4 ,!re is no good ^w 
to be said = !  practice ( cag+ wild    
creatures m]ely = ! ent]ta9m5t _!  mis]y
 w af=d an irresponsible & curi\s cr[d4 
,i am glad to  "k t ^? horrid :irl+     
cages 9 :i* squirrels us$ to be  %ut h  
become less common4    ,9 ^! days (     
hunt+ )\t guns1 !re is also a good deal 
(  tam+ )\t cages4 ,?is is ! real ?+1 & 
has ev]y?+ 9  its fav\r4 ,!re are two   
sides to x4 ,f ! animal's side !  tam$  
"o has no?+ to lose4 ,he1 & = 8 sake1   
all 8 fell[s1  receive protection1      
consid]ation1 c>e4 ,if he tells any     
secrets1 8  confid5ce is n betray$ to ! 
enemy4 ,he comes & goes at w &  pays 8  
debts by keep+ true t balance :i* exi/$ 
9 nature  be=e mank9d upset x4 ,f !     
human side tam+ wild ?+s is a           
delightful ?\gh n an easy way to le>n to

 be pati5t1 p]sev]+1  & g5tle4 ,y simply
 h to practise ^! virtues or y w fail4  
,fur!rmore1 ! dome/ication ( wild       
animals useful to man results 9  v great
 practical value4 ,f ! naturali/'s po9t 
( view1 ?is  is a mo/ fruitful me?od (  
discov]+ ! true habits ( ! wild         
creatures1 ab\t :i* s mu* is yet to be  
le>n$4    ,mo/ ef=ts to tame full-gr[n  
animals result 9 complete failure4      
,tak5 :5 "y1 almo/ any ( !m c be tam$4  
,no "o ought ev] to h a pet ( any k9d   
unless he sees "o ?+  cle>ly3 ,=c+ 8 pet
 to become dep5d5t ^u 8 protection &    
c>e involves a real responsibility4 ,:5 
,i consid] ! numb] (  cases ( neglect$  
pets ,i am incl9$ to disc\rage *ildr5 f 
keep+ !m4 ,x is a v good me?od (        
develop+ responsibility1  b1 if ! me?od 
fails1 ! innoc5t pet suff]s4 ,! uncag$  
pet has  an advantage ov] ! cag$ "o 9 t 
he c1 if neglect$1 return  to ! wild &  
%ift = himself4      ,,birds    ,a great
 _m fam\s p h made fri5ds ) our native  
birds4  ,john ,burr\ghs c\ld dep5d on an

 audi5ce ( rob9s to p]* on 8  knee4 ,!y 
w\ld li/5 politely :ile he remon/rat$ ) 
!m =  /eal+ 8 grapes1 well assur$ t !   
next =kful ( e>? he  turn$ w\ld yield   
worms en\gh to repay !m = wait+4 ,x is n
  uncommon to see photographs ( birds   
p]*+ on ! h&s ( *ildr5  or gr[n p4 ,"o  
not$ naturali/ is pictur$ ) a piece (   
bread  9 8 m\?1 out ( :i* a bird is tak+
 a bite4 ,to really tame a  full-gr[n   
bird is practically impossible4 ,to ga9 
its confid5ce is  difficult4 ,x means t 
! p]son has nev] 9 its pres5ce made a   
motion suffici5tly sudd5 to />tle !     
timid creature nor lo/ 8  pati5ce or    
self-control once dur+ _m trials4 ,a    
bird is n tam$  9 an h\r nor a day4 ,a  
quick wave ( ! arm or a %>p noise is    
en\gh to undo all t has be5 accompli%$ 9
 long1 pati5t h\rs  sp5t 9 e/abli%+     
fri5dly relations4 ,! photographs are   
records  ( triumphs4    ,pr(essor ,hodge
 enc\rages ! tam+ ( "y birds 9 ! int]e/ 
( increas+ our valuable bird life4 ,he  
says3 ,x is a r>e lesson  9 g5tl5ess to 

capture a "y bird )\t fright5+ x1 b1  if
 successfully done1 y\r bird is         
practically tame4 ,if ev5 a "y  bird is 
caught aft] a sev]e *ase1 x is likely to
 be days1 weeks1  & ev5 mon?s1 be=e !   
effects ( its fright c be oblit]at$4    
,if !y c be pick$ up )\t fright5+ !m1 !y
 w (t5  imm$iately p]* on ! f+] & fe$ f 
! h&4 ,i h te/$  ?is ) "y vireos1 *ipp+ 
sp>r[s1 orioles1 grackles1 &  repeat$ly 
) "y rob9s1 :i* "s ev5 put d[n 9 _!     
books  z untamable4 ,?9k :at a mon/] !  
op5 h& mu/ seem to a bird6    ,^? ( y :o
 h read ,mrs4 ,/ratton-,port]'s /ory (  
,freckles  w rememb] h[ he tam$ ! wild  
birds4 ,!y 7 resid5ts ( !  great        
primeval woodl& & _h n le>n$ yet f sad  
exp]i5ce to  hide f m54 ,!y sw>m$ ab\t !
 g5tle ,iri% lad because he _h  made    
himself a "p ( ! =e/4 ,to !m he 0 l "s  
new k9d  ( b5efic5t tree1 yield+ nuts = 
! nut-eat]s1 gra9 = !  gra9-eat]s1 &    
bits ( suet or scraps ( meat = all :o   
came =  x4 ,he call$ !m all1 ,me *ick5s4
 ,0 !re any?+ wond]ful 9  ?is8 ,yes2 s  

?\ght ! ,scot* woodsman ) :om ,freckles 
liv$4  ,& no1 because anybody c d ! same
 :o w foll[ ! same  tactics4 ,if y read 
on 9 ! /ory1 y w readily believe t  8   
relations ) ! birds & ! =e/ help$ make  
,freckles !  lovable boy & ! f9e1       
sweet-natur$ man he grew up to be4      
,h[ to d some?+ t[>d dome/icat+ wild    
birds 9 ord] to make  ! c\ntry a bett]  
place to live 9 is treat$ m fully 9 a   
lat]  *apt]4    ,humm+-birds are said to
 be entirely )\t fe> if tam$ :5  ne/l+s4
 ,!y sometimes fall f ! ne/ & are1 (    
c\rse1  helpless s f> z fe$+ !mselves is
 conc]n$4 ,!y w take  sweet5$ wat] f a  
spoon1 b %\ld n be expect$ to ?rive  on 
?is diet alone4 ,_! natural food :ile   
gr[+1 & probably  aft]w>d1 too1 is      
l>gely insects4 ,a supply ( ^! %\ld be  
giv5  ! "y birds4 ,!y become v tame &   
p]* on ! h& & on  ! fl[]s 9 vases4 ,!y w
 visit y\r be/ hat1 too1 if x has  fl[]s
 on x1 & w ev5 try to collect nect> f ! 
fl[]s on  wall-pap] or curta9s4         
,,toads ,,& ,,_! ,,k9    ,"o is really  

surpris$ at ! long li/ ( wild animals t 
h be5  successfully tam$4 ,t is1 !y are 
suffici5tly tame to come to !  tam]1 eat
 f 8 h&1 ne/le 9 8 pocket1 foll[ him    
ab\t--9  %ort1 to %[ p]fect confid5ce & 
little or no fe>4    ,! toad = example1 
ugly & v5om\s1 7we h ,%akespe>e's ^w  = 
t1 b he 0 mi/ak57--1 a v useful animal &
 absolutely  )\t disagreeable traits4 ,x
 has be5 c>efully e/imat$ t e  toad is  
wor? tw5ty doll>s to ! g>d5 he lives 94 
,yet h[ seldom  "o he>s ( a tame toad4  
,at be/ !y are tol]at$1 b n (t5         
enc\rag$ by protection or by a little   
att5tion4 ,to tame a toad1 "o  only ne$s
 to fe$ him4 ,frogs1 salam&]s1 newts1   
snakes1 turtles1 &  fi% h all be5 tam$ 9
 ! same fa%ion4 ,z ne>ly all are insect 
eat]s1 we are b5efit+ mank9d :5 we      
enc\rage !m4    ,illu/ration3           
,photograph by ,*>les ,w4 ,mill]4 ,!    
,cr[ ,may ,be ,tam$  ,:5 ,"y            
,illu/ration3 ,photograph by ,*e/] ,k4  
,re$4 ,! ,skunk is an ,amiable  &       
,well-,mann]$ ,pet      ,,squirrels     

,tame squirrels are amus+4 ,x takes v   
little enc\ragem5t to  make !m tame     
en\gh to eat f ! h& & ev5 to rummage !  
pockets = nuts4 ,i rememb] a case :5 !  
r$ squirrels made s  free ) ! books 9 a 
great man's /udy t he became positively 
annoy$1 al?\gh he _h himself enc\rag$ !m
 & _h enjoy$  _! fri5dl9ess & tam5ess4  
,! case got s bad t he 0  =c$ ei!r to   
vacate or to get rid ( ! squirrels4 ,he 
f9ally  _h a trap set4 ,! fir/ squirrel 
t came 9 ran /raight into !  trap4 ,!   
great man _h really n c\nt$ on any su*  
circum/ance4  ,he 0 nonpluss$4 ,9 all 8 
diplomatic c>e] no su* a situation  _h  
aris54 ,he gave ! matt] e>ne/ ?\ght4 ,he
 consid]$ all !  pros & cons4 ,he weigh$
 all ! evid5ce4 ,! squirrel 0 guilty6   
,:5 ask$ by a fri5d :at p5alty he       
pron\nc$1 ! great man  repli$3 ,i read  
him su* a lecture z he w nev] =get--&   
turn$  him loose6    ,! relations ( ! r$
 squirrel ) ! birds are su* t we are    
pretty sure !y %\ld be disc\rag$4 ,!y   
are1 alas6 egg-suck]s &  ne/-robb]s4 ,! 

gray squirrel has n be5 caught 9 ?is    
nef>i\s  occupation4 ,if pl5ty ( nuts1  
fruit1 & wat] 7 suppli$ = r$  squirrels1
 maybe !y c\ld be cur$ ( _! bad habits4 
,! fly+ squirrel is to me ! mo/         
beautiful memb] ( 8 family4  ,he is said
 to tame easily1 b ,i rememb] ! only    
pair we ev] caught  7 %ut 9 a conv5i5t  
closet till morn+4 ,:5 morn+ came  !re 7
 only a little pile ( gnaw+s & a hole "u
 ! door to  tell ! /ory4 ,!y _h fl[n1   
nor c\ld ,i blame !m4      ,,raccoons1  
,,wood*ucks1 ,,& ,,skunks    ,a raccoon 
is a mo/ satisfactory pet & w af=d ab\t 
z mu*  amusem5t 9 ! back y>d z a cage ( 
monkeys4 ,raccoons are m  num]\s1       
especially 9 ,new ,engl&1 ?an =m]ly4 ,!y
 are extremely  fond ( gre5 corn1 b corn
 9 any =m is eat5 gre$ily4 ,also1 ,i    
regret to say1 !y are ne/-robb]s4 ,9    
fact1 !y w eat fi%1  fle%1 & f[l1 z well
 z vegetables & insects4 ,?is makes !   
food  problem = a pet 'coon a v simple  
"o4 ,b we c n af=d to  enc\rage !m1     
because ( _! bird-eat+ habits4          

,sometimes a hunt] f9ds a suckl+ 'coon 9
 ! woods4 ,he _c let  ! helpless ?+     
/>ve1 z x c]ta9ly w\ld if left4 ,:5 he  
gets  x home1 he w realize t its natural
 food is 'coon's milk4 ,"s  bright memb]
 ( ! family w sugge/ t a bottle ( c['s  
milk  ) rubb] nipple w d ! trick4 ,hav+ 
no su* conv5i5ce z a  rubb] nipple1 we  
once successfully br\ght up a baby pig  
on a bottle4  ,we took a goose quill &  
wrapp$ x ) a /rip ( clean old cotton    
clo? till we made a /opp] = ! bottle4   
,?is 0 f9e1 & ,i  c recomm5d x = suckl+ 
lambs1 pigs1 fawns1 'coons1 & o!r  "y   
mammals4 ,!re are well-au!nticat$ /ories
 ( baby 'coons  be+ adopt$ by cats ^: "y
 h be5 dispos$ (4    ,illu/ration3      
,photograph by ,e4 ,s4 ,kane4 ,a ,bottle
 ,baby    ,a 'coon is a mo/ mis*iev\s   
creature1 & if y tame "o y %\ld  really 
n expect y\r "m to feel all ! en?usiasm 
y d ab\t  him1 = 8 mis*ief is sometimes 
exasp]at+4 ,an animal enclosure  9 !    
back y>d may be necess>y1 b t means m "w
 = y to  keep ! 'coon & 8 mates happy4  

,tame wood*ucks are said by exp]i5c$    
boys to be a great success4  ,"y ones   
are easy to capture1 = !y are n all[$ to
 hang  ar\nd ! home ne/ aft] ! p>5ts    
decide t !y are big en\gh  to e>n _! own
 way4 ,9 ,am]ican ,animals !re is a good
 /ory ( a  tame '*uck = :i* ! au?or     
trad$ an old fi% l9e ) a brok5  hook &  
?irte5 c5ts to boot4 ,?is little *ap 0  
br\ght up by  h& & develop$ mo/ int]e/+ 
traits4 ,he made life mis]able =  !     
family tabbies by nipp+ _! heels1 & he  
tunnell$ "u !  door /ep till he made !  
e>? cave 94 ,a wild wood*uck w %[  fight
 :5 9 dang] ( capture1 b ! tam$ ones are
 n vici\s4    ,! la/ creature ,i %\ld   
ev] ?9k ( becom+ famili> ) is  ! skunk4 
,yet ,i h a photograph ( a lady fe$+ a  
full-siz$ "o  f h] h&4 ,! acc\nt t w5t )
 ! picture said t ?is  skunk 0 9        
p]fectly good work+ ord]1 too4 ,sev]al  
naturali/s  h tam$ ^! little animals1 & 
!re is no d\bt t !y make  amus+ &       
well-behav$ pets4    ,prairie dogs1     
*ipmunks1 badg]s1 fawns1 'possums1 cr[s1

 & _m  o!r native wild animals h be5    
successfully tam$4 ,y may h  read ( ,r$ 
,saund]s's pets1 ! bob-cat1 ! snake1 &  
,judge1 !  hawk4 ,:e!r y w\ld call !m   
tame or n dep5ds4 ,!y c]ta9ly  _h wild1 
wild ways1 ?\gh !y frequ5t$ ! kit*5 &   
slept  "u ! /ove1 "o at a "t4 ,! same   
me?ods mu/ be employ$1 no  matt] :at !  
creature is4 ,g5tl5ess1 pati5ce1 &      
common s5se  w succe$ almo/ e "t ) "y   
animals4          ,,vi    ,,mak+        
,,brooks ,,& ,,spr+s ,,useful           
,,reclaim+ ,a ,,tr\t ,,/ream      ,i us$
 to ket* tr\t t 'ud weigh two p\nd 9 t  
little crick  back ( my pa/ure :5 ,i 'uz
 a boy4    ,:o has n he>d old m5 say t8 
,!y seem to h j accept$  ! lack ( tr\t z
 "o o!r piece ( bad luck1 l wormy       
apples1  blight$ :eat1 & o!r            
disp5sations ( ,provid5ce4 ,! y\ng]     
g5]ation are n satisfi$ ) ?is view4 ,if 
good :eat c be  gr[n by mod]n me?ods1 & 
wormy apples prev5t$ by spray+1 :y      
%\ldn't tr\t be caught 9 gr&pa's old    
brook8 ,no reason 9 !  _w4 ,9 betwe5 y &

 gr&pa !re 0 a g5]ation ( neglect4  ,y\r
 fa!r & 8 bro!rs probably w5t to t[n to 
seek _!  =tunes4 ,anyh[1 ev]ybody 0 too 
busy to fi%1 & some?+ w5t  wrong ) !    
brook t ne$s to be right$4    ,any /ream
 t has be5 a tr\t /ream once c be s     
aga91 provid$  t ! wat] is n f$ )       
poison$ dra9age f "s mill  or factory4  
,if ! =e/ has be5 remov$ & natural      
conditions  s *ang$ t ! brook t us$ to  
be p]5nial is n[ only  semi-annual1 go+ 
dry 9 "t ( dr\ght1 x w be necess>y to   
build a s]ies ( dams to make sure t !   
wat] w always be deep  en\gh = tr\t4 ,a 
spr+-f$ brook is be/2 x is cool &       
con/ant4  ,l[] ! *annel by digg+ :]e    
refuse has *ok$ ! natural c\rse  ( !    
/ream1 b don't tidy x up en\gh to make x
 artificial4    ,! ideal brook1 & !     
c\ntry is full ( !m1 has gravelly or s&y
  /ret*es :i* s]ve z spawn+ b$s1 swift  
rapids :]e ex]cise  is necess>y1 & deep 
pools = re/ & quiet1 %all[ places :]e   
insects lurk 9 ! ov]hang+ vegetation1 & 
once 9 a great :ile a  real little      

wat]fall :]e ! wat] gets well *urn$ &   
mix$ )  air4 ,! brook ought to supply   
en\gh food = all1 b ,i h se5  fi% s     
pl5tiful 9 well-c>$-= /reams t x 0      
necess>y to  fe$ !m4 ,we w\ld take great
 pans ( specially prep>$ food to !      
wat]'s edge2 z we ?rew x broadca/ on !  
surface ! tr\t w\ld  leap entirely out (
 ! wat] 9 _! eag]ness to get ! morsels4 
,we did n fe$ !m liv] because ! epicure 
does n l 8 tr\t  to h a liv] flav\r4 ,! 
natural food ( ! tr\t %\ld be  enc\rag$ 
to bre$ 9 ! tr\t /ream4 ,y c re/ock y\r 
/ream  ) ! little cru/aceans1 insect    
nymphs1 & simil> fi% food  f o!r /reams 
if y ?9k x necess>y4 ,a few pails full (
 mud  c>ri$ across w />t !m4            
,illu/ration3 ,photograph by ,hel5 ,w4  
,cooke4 ,pl5ty ( ,tr\t 9 ,?is  ,/ream   
,:5 ,gr&fa!r ,0 a ,boy    ,! greate/    
necessity is to protect y\r fi% f _!    
natural  enemies4 ,big fi% w eat little 
fi%1 tr\t w eat tr\t1 s w  bass1        
pick]el1 & suck]s4 ,y c keep ! big fi%  
out by scre5+  ! spillway at ! upp] dam4

    ,!re is good fun to be _h 9 rais+   
tr\t f ! egg4 ,?is  "w has be5 reg>d$ by
 mo/ p z too complicat$ & too  difficult
 = any b an exp]t4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 x 
is no m  difficult ?an _m ( !           
occupations boys engage 91 *ick5  rais+1
 bee-keep+1 & photography1 = in/ance4   
,visit a fi%  hat*]y if y h "o ne>1 get 
all ! gov]nm5t bullet9s on !  subject1  
&1 if y h available runn+ wat]1 y c try 
y\r  h& at tr\t gr[+4 ,x w\ld n appeal  
to _m1 b x is really  fasc9at+ "w4      
,,spr+s ,,= ,,tr\t ,,culture    ,if !re 
are con/ant1 cold spr+s on y\r place1 y 
are neglect+  a gold5 opportunity = e>n+
 money 9 an easy & delightful way4  ,a  
spr+ is capable ( furni%+ liv+ room = a 
l>ge family (  tr\t4 ,y c sell live tr\t
 at sixty-five c5ts to a doll> a p\nd   
to a fir/-class hotel4 ,! big fi% br+ ! 
small] prices p]  p\nd1 ^? weigh+ f half
 a p\nd to a p\nd be+ mo/ popul>4       
,clean out y\r spr+ fir/ & make a bas9  
t5 to tw5ty feet squ>e1  ! bigg] !      
bett]4 ,put a f9e1 galvaniz$ iron nett+ 

ov] !  ov]fl[ ( y\r res]voir4 ,"y fi% c 
be b\ght f a fi%  hat*]y 9 ! =m ( eggs1 
fry1 f+]l+s1 ye>l+s1 or ev5  l>g]4 ,!   
gov]nm5t w /ock y\r /reams = y free1 b x
  imposes c]ta9 conditions1 :i* is q j &
 prop]4 ,get all !  in=mation y c f /ate
 fi% hat*]ies or ! ,unit$ ,/ates        
,bureau ( ,fi%]ies1 be=e y decide       
f9ally4      ,,reclaim+ ,a ,,spr+       
,!re is (t5 a neighb\rhood tradition    
conc]n+ a wond]ful  spr+ some:]e ne>1 a 
spr+ t nev] ceases to fl[1 no matt]  h[ 
complete ! dr\ght4 ,! wat] is pure1     
cold1 & cle>2 maybe  ! olde/ inhabitant 
_h x f 8 gr&fa!r h[ ! ,indians  us$     
always to camp ne> x on _! cross-c\ntry 
m>*es f !  ,catskills to ! ,blue ,ridge4
 ,!y call x ,! ,old ,indian ,spr+4      
,sometimes !y tell hair-rais+ tales (   
midnight adv5tures &  hair-bread?       
escapes1 till y wond] t ! spr+ itself   
nev]  turn$ r$ ) ! spilt blood4 ,f      
/ories ( e>ly pione] days  "o gets a    
good idea ( ! v great importance ( ! ev]
 fai?ful  spr+4 ,) ! c]ta9ty ( a pure   

wat] supply = family &  bea/s1 a man    
might safely c>ve a home 9 a primeval   
=e/4 ,)\t  x1 he mu/ pu% on yet ano!r   
lap t[>d ! wild]ness4    ,i rememb] su* 
a spr+4 ,g5]ations ( r$ m51 trekk+ f "o 
hunt+-gr\nd to ano!r or maybe wag+ _!   
own peculi> w> 9 !  enemy's c\ntry1 h   
dep5d$ on ?is spr+ = _! success4 ,lat]  
g5]ations ( pione]s h pass$ t way &     
refre%$ !mselves  ) its sweet wat]4 ,z  
ye>s w5t by1 ! spr+ fell into disuse  & 
gu%$ on =gott54 ,b =ty ye>s ago x 0     
re-discov]$ by a  se>*+ p>ty1 id5tifi$ z
 an hi/oric spot1 reclaim$1 & made      
p]man5tly useful & beautiful by public  
_s4    ,nobody kn[s j h[ to appreciate a
 spr+ except ! p]son :o  discov]s x1    
reclaims x1 & makes x d 8 bidd+4 ,no bit
 ( 8  own +5uity pleases ! h\sehold] q z
 mu* z 8 spr+1  8 pip+1 8 res]voir1 & 8 
little hydraulic ram1 yet "o (  ! la/   
spr+s ,i visit$ 0 9 a ,new ,engl&       
pa/ure4 ,its only  protection 0 a sort (
 f5ce ( poles to keep ! cattle out4 ,to 
approa* x y _h to leap f hillock to     

hillock1 9 con/ant dang]  ( los+ y\r    
balance & s9k+ 9 a deep mud hole4 ,!    
spr+  bubbl$ up cle> z cry/al 9 a mo/   
unromantic hole 9 ! gr\nd2  its ov]fl[  
simply spread out on ! gr\nd betwe5 !   
hummocks4 ,x  didn't look ?rifty to me4 
,two days' "w w\ld h laid a bas9 rim  ( 
small /ones ab\t t spr+ ) a piece ( tile
 = an ov]fl[  pipe1 & a %all[ *annel    
might h be5 dug to c>ry ! surplus  to ! 
edge ( ! slope :]e ano!r bas9 = ! cattle
 might h  be5 made1 or to a tr\gh4    ,!
 wat] ( a spr+ ought to be analyz$ by a 
*emi/ be=e x is  us$ = dr9k+4 ,nobody   
kn[s :at contam9ation is possible to a  
spr+ ^: s\rces are my/]y4 ,camp]s ought 
to be p>ticul>ly  c>eful 9 ?is1         
especially if _! camp is ne> settlem5ts4
    ,! fir/ /ep 9 reclaim+ a spr+ is to 
dig out a bas94 ,!  *ances are t ! "o   
made by ! wat] is too %all[ = practical 
purposes4 ,compute ! numb] ( gallons y  
want 9 res]ve & take  out en\gh cubic   
feet ( soil to make a bas9 ( t capacity4
 ,decide  next :at to d ) ! surplus4    

,y\r bas9 is n design$ to hold  ! spr+'s
 daily output4 ,if ! spr+ is 9 a rav9e1 
no?+ is  simpl] ?an to lay a tile dra9 f
 ! bas9 d[n to ! /ream b$4  ,by damm+ ! 
/ream y c make a pond = wat]f[l1 = tr\t 
rais+1 or = a swimm+ hole3 b t is ano!r 
/ory4    ,! bas9 %\ld h a protect+ rim4 
,= a numb] ( reasons ?is  %\ld be solid 
& p]man5t4 ,y are sure to want to sit on
 x &  wat* ! wat]1 = "o ?+4 ,!n1 too1 y 
want a protection  aga9/ surface wat]4  
,all sorts ( decay+ animal & vegetable  
matt] mu/ be kept out ( ! spr+1 s cov] x
 tightly4      ,,mak+ ,a ,,swimm+ ,,pool
    ,9 a c\ntry :]e wood$ brooks are    
pl5tiful !re is absolutely no  good     
reason :y boys %\ldn't h a swimm+ pool4 
,x ne$n't co/  a ?\s& doll>s1 ei!r4 ,e  
outdoor club ought to h "o z a  special 
feature4 ,! same dam t holds back ! wat]
 = ! skat+  pond may s]ve 9 summ] to    
make ! swimm+ hole4 ,x is really fun to 
build a dam4 ,y\r fa!r or ! o!r boy's   
fa!r w "k h[4 ,y  c dig out ! /ream at  
l[ wat]1 & make ! pool deep en\gh =     

div+4    ,high banks make ! place m     
private2 trees & und]bru% s]ve !  same  
purpose4 ,b if ! banks are n high       
naturally1 & ! trees  h be5 cut away y h
 no idea h[ quickly y c make a natural  
scre54 ,will[s love ! m>g9 ( /reams & !y
 gr[ trem5d\sly4  ,a frame ( poles cov]$
 ) wild cucumb] or morn+ glory w make  a
 good scre5 ! fir/ season :ile ! p]man5t
 trees & %rubs  are gr[+4 ,y don't ne$  
to swim all y\r sp>e "t1 s y c  give "s 
"t to mak+ ! pool m seclud$4 ,move a few
 big bu%es  f ! woods 9 w9t]4 ,!y w nev]
 "k ! diff]5ce if y  transplant !m :ile 
_! roots are froz5 9 a big ball ( e>?4  
,let me make a sugge/ion to y4 ,y       
believe ev]ybody ought to "k  h[ to     
swim1 don't y8 ,t includes y\r fa!r1 (  
c\rse1 :o  taught y4 ,does x include y\r
 si/]s & ! o!r boys' si/]s8  ,ev]ybody  
is a big ^w1 n[ y ?9k ( x4 ,:y x        
includes ev5  y\r "m6 ,d mo!rs "k any?+ 
ab\t swimm+8 ,"s ( !m d1  already1 only 
!y nev] get a *ance to keep 9 practice2 
b !y  l x4 ,x is precisely z natural =  

girls & mo!rs to enjoy  ! wat] z x is = 
boys & fa!rs4 ,j be g5]\s & let x  be   
und]/ood t a c]ta9 day 9 ! week is      
ladies' day1 & turn  ! pool ov] to !m4  
,_! ba?+ suits may n be 9 ! late/       
fa%ion1 b y won't be !re to criticize   
nor to see h[ well !y  really swim4     
,a ,,home-,,made ,,skat+ ,,pond    ,!   
family :o own a t5nis c\rt & enjoy no   
skat+ 9 ! w9t]  h _! own want ( +5uity  
to blame1 if !y live 9 ! ,jack  ,fro/   
belt4 ,any level piece ( gr\nd1 ev5 !   
grass plot 9 ! back  y>d1 c be skat$ on4
    ,y ne$ fir/ to set a six-in* bo>d on
 edge all r\nd ! level  plot4 ,?is bo>d 
%\ld be ?ree in*es 9 ! gr\nd & ?ree     
in*es  out4    ,z w9t] approa*es1 rig a 
tr\gh f ! pump to ! pond-to-be or  h !  
hose :]e x c be atta*$ to ! spigot at a 
mom5t's  notice4 ,wait = a h>d freeze4  
,:5 x comes1 & ! gr\nd is l  rock1 give 
! ^w all h&s to ! pumps4 ,let on en\gh  
wat] to  cov] ! surface1 !n let x       
freeze4 ,if y get a smoo? surface !     
fir/ g y are lucki] ?an mo/ boys4 ,cov] 

! fir/ coat ) a  second & t ) a ?ird    
lay] until y h smoo? ice4    ,!n skate4 
,on cold nights spray ! worn places if y
 use a hose1 or  run on ano!r half-in* (
 wat]4    ,a good skat+ pond c be made  
by boys ) a little +5uity1 :i*  9 ?is   
case means eng9e]+ ability1 by damm+ a  
brook until x  floods a naturally flat  
area above its own level4 ,or by damm+ !
  outlet ( a pond be=e dry wea!r comes  
on & hold+ ! wat] at a  high] level ?an 
x w\ld naturally h4 ,x is p]fectly      
a/oni%+  :at a small dam w d1 if clev]ly
 plac$4 ,/udy ! "w ( beav]s  if y "k (  
any4 ,y c get po9t]s f mill-dams built  
by y\r  great-gr&sires1 if !re are any 9
 y\r vic9ity4 ,9 "o ( !  books = boys1  
m5tion$ 9 ! book li/1 are practical     
sugge/ions  ab\t build+ dams4           
,sometimes boys ?9k nature has n done z 
mu* = !m z = boys  :o h a natural swimm+
 pool1 a skat+ pond1 or a tr\t brook4   
,maybe if y help$ h] out a little1      
nature w\ld d h] "p 9 y\r  case1 too4   
,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,reclaim+ ,a ,,spr+     

,:5 ,i 0 f\rte5 ye>s old my fa!r b\ght 8
 prop]ty 9 ,i?aca1  ,n4 ,y41 on :i* we  
live4 ,t "p ( x on :i* !re is n[ a  f9e 
spr+ 0 consid]$ wor?less4 ,?r\gh ?is    
prop]ty ran a  well-wood$ gl51 ! upp]   
end ( :i* 0 v wet & swampy4 ,?is        
condition 0 due to sev]al small spr+s   
em]g+ f ! gr\nd  at ! head ( ! gl54 ,all
 ( ^! spr+s jo9$ & fl[$ d[n  ?r\gh !    
gl51 =m+ a fairly l>ge /ream4 ,?is /ream
 fl[$  cont9ually ?r\gh\t summ] & w9t]1 
)\t *ange ( volume4    ,! fir/ /ep 9 !  
reclaim+ ( ?is spr+ 0 to collect all  ! 
wat] ?r\gh tile dra9s into a l>ge1      
concrete res]voir4 ,?is  res]voir1 :i* 0
 f\r feet wide1 f\r feet high1 & twelve 
feet  long1 0 con/ruct$ ab\t two feet "u
 gr\nd4 ,an op5 spr+ bas9  0 connect$ ) 
?is res]voir by a two & "o-half in* iron
 pipe4  ,?is bas9 0 made ( r\gh /ones   
laid 9 cem5t1 & ! back side  ( x ar*$   
ov] a foot or m1 =m+ a p>tial ro(4 ,on !
 op5  side is a concrete seat :]e "o c  
conv5i5tly sit & get a dr9k4  ,my fa!r &
 ,i did all ! "w except "p ( ! dit*     

digg+4 ,f  ?is bas9 0 laid a "o & a     
qu>t]-in* iron pipe :i* c>ri$  ! wat]   
d[n ! gl5 a di/ance ( ab\t sixty feet to
 a hydraulic  ram4 ,?is ram is always   
runn+1 & is made to g by ! con/ant      
pressure ( ! wat] f ! spr+ bas94 ,! wat]
 is =c$  ?r\gh a half-in* iron pipe to a
 l>ge tank 9 ! attic ( ! h\se  situat$  
on ! hill above4 ,! tank1 :i* holds ab\t
 five hundr$  gallons1 supplies ! h\se )
 pure1 cold wat] = all purposes4  ,z !  
wat] is always fl[+ into ! tank x is    
provid$ ) an  in* & a half ov]fl[ pipe1 
:i* c>ries ! surplus wat] back  into !  
gl54 ,?us1 ?r\gh a s]ies ( pipes & a    
ram1 ! wat] is  convey$ f ! res]voir    
?r\gh\t ! h\se4 ,by build+ a small  dam 
f>!r d[n1 we made a fair-siz$ pond on   
:i* to dome/icate  "s wild f[l4    ,!   
gr\nd dra9$ by conc5trat+ ! spr+s 0 well
 adapt$  because ( its f]tility = ! gr[+
 ( %rubb]y & fl[]s  ( _m sorts4 ,9 !    
wett] places1 f]ns & p9k & yell[ lady   
slipp]s 7 plant$1 & 9 ! dry] area       
%rubb]y1 su* z ! r$  bud & azalea4 ,?us1

 :at 0 once a mud hole 0 trans=m$ into a
  useful piece ( gr\nd4                 
,,john ,,ne$ham      ,a ,,back ,,y>d    
,,swimm+ ,,pool    ,some:]e & someh[ our
 boys came into possession ( ! idea t   
!y c\ld make a swimm+ pool4 ,i ?9k !    
orig9al sugge/ion came  f ,c\ntry ,life 
9 ,am]ica1 :]e9 0 describ$1 ) beautiful 
pictures1 a swimm+ pool t co/ five ?\s& 
doll>s or six  ?\s& doll>s4 ,! boys _h  
l& a-pl5ty1 wat]1 too1 & a w  to "w if  
!y 7 %[n :at to d4 ,) ! decision made t 
a  swimm+ pool mu/ be _h1 a c\ncil 0    
held to decide on ways &  means4 ,!     
olde/ boy1 ag$ ?irte51 /\tly ma9ta9$ t  
he c\ld  d ! entire "w himself1 :ile !  
y\nge/1 ag$ f\r1 0 equally  confid5t t !
 job 0 entirely )9 8 capacity4 ,x 0     
f9ally  agre$ t ,i %\ld /ake out ! gr\nd
 & furni% ! mat]ial1 &  ! boys w\ld d ! 
"w4 ,) "s slight modifications ?is plan 
0 foll[$ ?r\gh\t4 ,x 0 decid$ to make ! 
pool tw5ty-five  feet long1 t5 feet     
wide1 & f\r feet deep4 ,! gr\nd 0       
!reupon  /ak$ (f & ! boys fell to ) a w 

remov+ ! e>?4    ,x 0 h>d digg+1 b !    
y\ng/]s /uck to ! "w & f9i%$  )9 a week4
 ,e>? to ! dep? ( ?ree feet 0 remov$1 & 
by  pil+ ?is ar\nd ! entire m>g9 ( !    
excavation ! level 0  rais$ ab\t "o & "o
 half feet = a di/ance ( eight feet on  
all  sides4 ,?is plan avoid$ ! necessity
 ( haul+ away ! e>?1 gave  ! desir$     
dep?1 & provid$ a flat surface eight    
feet wide all  ar\nd ! pool4    ,! r\gh 
digg+ be+ f9i%$1 ! sides ( ! excavation 
7  trimm$ ) a spade to an angle ( ab\t  
=ty-five degrees4 ,r\gh two  by f\r-in* 
/udd+ 0 !n cut into l5g?s ( f\r & "o    
half  feet & plac$ f\r feet ap>t all    
ar\nd ! banks4 ,:]e ea* piece  ( /udd+ 0
 set1 ! e>? 0 remov$1 s t ! timb] 0 made
  flu% ) ! soil4 ,! end ( ea* piece (   
timb] 0 also sunk 9  ! e>? at ! bottom (
 ! pit = ab\t ?ree in*es1 9 ord]  t x   
might be held firmly aga9/ ! bank4 ,r\gh
 p9e bo>ds1 free  f cracks & knot holes1
 7 !n nail$ to ! timb]s at ! top  only4 
,^! bo>ds 7 twelve in*es wide1 & ?us =m$
 a bord]  or rim all ar\nd ! upp]       

portion ( ! pit1 "o foot 9 wid?4 ,at  "r
 angles to ! twelve-in* r\gh bo>ds o!rs 
( ! same size  7 nail$1 ! la/ project+  
out on ! level gr\nd1 ?us =m+  a        
bo>dwalk ar\nd ! excavation4 ,! ma9     
object ( ^! bo>ds 0  to keep ! waves f  
wa%+ ! banks & to give a clean place ^u 
:i* to /& or sit :ile n actually 9 !    
wat]4    ,! bo>ds be+ up1 !re 0 /ill    
left ab\t ?ree feet ( !  sides1 & !     
entire bottom ( ! excavation1 )\t cov]+ 
(  any k9d4 ,x 0 decid$ to cov] ! sides 
& bottom ) cem5t1  pla/]+ ?is mat]ial   
directly ^u ! e>?4 ,! cem5t 0 mix$  )   
s&1 "o "p cem5t & two p>ts ( s&1 & 0    
spread on  ) a mason's tr[el4 ,two & a  
half b>rels ( cem5t & ab\t f\r  b>rels (
 s& 7 us$4 ,t[>d ! la/1 pure cem5t 0    
appli$ z  a ?9 wa% to ! entire surface4 
,! cem5t+ 0 a pretty t\gh job1 b ) !    
help ( an old  col\r$ man ! "w 0 f9ally 
done 9 a ?or\gh mann]1 & !  pit 0 !n z  
tight z a jug4 ,x 0 all[$ to dry = two  
days2  !n ! wat] 0 turn$ 94 ,! wat] 0   
suppli$ f ! s]vice  pipe ( our home ne> 

by1 & z x is furni%$ by met]1 we _h no  
qualms z to ! quantity us$4 ,! pool     
holds ab\t eight ?\s&  gallons &        
requires f twelve to fifte5 h\rs to fill
 x ?r\gh a  ?ree-qu>t] in* pipe4    ,!  
entire co/ ( ! "w1 n c\nt+ ! boys' "t1 0
 z  foll[s3        #ab     bo>ds1 #a    
#ab  #af                     #b4be      
#h     pieces r\gh p9e1 #b  #d  #af     
#a4je       #b    b>rels cem5t at #a4ej 
p] b>rel       #c4ge                    
------              ,total              
#g4je    ,! pool 0 locat$ 9 ! %ade ( "s 
will[s on gr\nd slightly  high] ?an !   
adjac5t t]ritory4 ,e few days "s ( !    
wat]  0 siphon$ (f ?r\gh a piece ( hose 
& fre% wat] run 94 ,once  a week1 h[ev]1
 ab\t a h&ful ( copp] sulphate 0 ti$ up 
9 a  piece ( *eese clo? & ?r[n into !   
pool1 :]e x 0 :ipp$  up & d[n 9 ! g5]al 
fun until all ! copp] 0 dissolv$4 ,!    
copp] kept ! wat] absolutely pure &     
sweet ?r\gh\t ! entire  season1 & n a   
sign ( alg appe>$4    ,! pool 0 a s\rce 
( con/ant delight1 n only to our        

y\ng/]s1  b to ^? ( our neighb\rs4 ,all 
b ! f\r-ye>-old le>n$ to  swim1 & by !  
end ( ! season ev5 he c\ld make "s      
prelim9>y  moves 9 t direction4 ,! moral
 ( ! /ory is t if y h  "s y\ng/]s1 a    
back y>d & a city wat] pipe y d n ne$ to
  g to ! sea%ore = fun4 ,give ! boys a  
*ance to make a swimm+  pool & !y w     
enjoy x all ! m if x is ! result ( _!   
h&iwork4                                
,,bev]ly ,t4 ,,gall[ay          ,,vii   
,,keep+ ,,bees      ,i pick$ up a numb] 
( ! ,bee-,keep]'s ,review "o day & my   
eye  caught ?is surpris+ headl9e3    ,a 
,,boy',s ,,bus9ess ,,wor? #ajjj    ,i   
op5$ my eyes & read on 9 a/oni%m5t ab\t 
a boy :o />t$  ) no m capital ?an any   
boy c\ld get toge!r1 &1 )\t  sacrific+ 8
 s*ool or college plans1 built up a bee 
bus9ess :i*  he sold = "o ?\s& doll>s4  
,9 ! meantime 8 bees _h n only  paid _! 
own bo>d b 8 z well4 ,if "o boy c make a
 success  l t1 o!r boys c4 ,s c girls1 =
 bee-keep+ is a =m (  outdoor "w :i*    
seems admirably suit$ to s5sible1       

nature-lov+  girls4      ,,h[ ,,to      
,,beg9    ,!re are a good _m ways to    
beg9 ?is l any o!r bus9ess1 b  !re is   
probably a be/ way = ea* p]son4         
,=tunately "o does  n h to beg9 on a    
l>ge scale4 ,9 my op9ion ! only way to  
le>n  h[ to keep bees "r is to keep !m4 
,exp]i5c$ bee-keep]s advise  "y p to    
visit a practical api>y & wat* ! own]   
among 8  bees1 tak+ note ( :at he does &
 says4 ,(f] y\r s]vices if he  ne$s     
help1 ask+ him to expla9 :at he is do+ &
 :at =4 ,/ay a  few days or a week if he
 w keep y & le>n all y c4 ,"o "y  woman 
sp5t a summ] vacation on a f>m :]e tw5ty
 or ?irty colonies  ( bees 7 kept1 &    
help$ :5ev] any?+ 0 to be done ) !      
bees4 ,:5 %e w5t home %e took a colony (
 bees ) h]1 & n[  %e is manag] ( h] own 
api>y ) a l>g] income ?an ! av]age      
tea*] & t5 times ! leisure4    ,=       
beg9n]s ! *eap] bees are satisfactory4  
,lat]1 no?+ w  be too good4 ,a /& ( bees
 c be b\ght = two doll>s or ?ree        
doll>s1 b a colony ( *oice ,italians 9 a

 mod]n hive ) te/$  que5 may come z high
 z fifte5 doll>s4 ,bett] h !m to sell   
?an to buy at t price4    ,!re are *eap]
 ways ( gett+ !m ?an buy+ !m4 ,if a     
runaway  sw>m :i* no own] claims1       
alights 9 y\r y>d ! bees may be  y\rs by
 "r ( discov]y & if y hive !m           
successfully1 by  "r ( possession4 ,?is 
me?od ?\gh practis$ by "s has n !       
sanction ( ! gold5 rule1 & is n "h      
recomm5d$4 ,:at fun  x w\ld be1 ?\gh1 to
 secure a runaway sw>m & make ! visitors
  com=table 9 a tempor>y hive4 ,y w\ld  
probably f9d !y belong$  9 ! api>y ne>e/
 y & t5 to "o ! own] w\ld j z  soon y   
kept !m unless !y 7 a v *oice k9d4 ,he w
 be  s pleas$ t y 7 able to hive !m t he
 w (f] y  some?+ sub/antial = y\r "w4   
,he may give y ! bees1 & y\r  bee-keep+ 
w beg9 by accid5t z did ! life-"w ( !   
fam\s  vet]an api>i/1 ,mr4 ,a4 ,i4      
,root4    ,make a small beg9n+4 ,_m     
successful bee-keep]s _h less ?an  tw5ty
 doll>s to beg9 )4 ,"o colony is a />t4 
,x is a/oni%+  h[ quickly bees beg9 to  

pay _! way & ?is te/ ought to  be appli$
 9 all y\r v5tures4 ,keep a /rict acc\nt
 ( all y\r  exp5ditures 9 supplies1 &   
cr$it ! bees ) all ! honey y  take (f & 
) ! new sw>ms4 ,if ,i say ?is (t51 x is 
because x  mu/ be repeat$ to fix its    
importance 9 ! m9d4 ,if y make good     
int]e/ on y\r money y "k x is safely    
inve/$4 ,if1 h[ev]1  y *>ge up y\r "t   
aga9/ ! bees y mu/ cr$it !m ) !  fun y  
h1 ! outdoor ex]cise y get 9 c>+ = !m & 
!  consequ5t fre$om f doctor bills4     
,,! ,,be/ ,,place ,,= ,,bees    ,y w    
read ( keep+ bees on a city ro(1 9 a    
suburban attic1  & on boats2 b ! mo/    
natural place = !m is 9 ! village  or   
c\ntry1 :]e fields ( clov]1 groves (    
basswood1 & pat*es  ( buck:eat ab\nd4   
,an or*>d or l>ge g>d5 is incomplete )\t
  a few hives4 ,! "y bee-keep] ) ^!     
advantages is to be  congratulat$2 !    
conditions are ideal4 ,all he ne$s is a 
lik+ =  bees & spunk4    ,be=e y get !  
fir/ colony decide :]e y\r api>y is to  
be  locat$4 ,ev5 "o hive mu/ h a place &

 y mu/ plan =  increase4 ,an or*>d is a 
f9e place1 & ! hives %\ld be at lea/    
fifty feet f ! /reet or road1 because   
bees d n recognize !  laws ( ! op5 road 
& turn nei!r to ! "r nor to ! left4 ,if 
necess>y to put !m next ! /reet or close
 to a neighb\r's g>d51  !re %\ld be tall
 bu%es1 a h$ge1 or a high f5ce to       
protect !  pass]s-by4 ,o!rwise y\r      
v5ture into bee culture may make y bad  
fri5ds ) ! neighb\rs & ev5 c>ry y be=e !
 ju/ice (  ! peace4    ,9 v hot wea!r "s
 %ade is necess>y = beehives1 b too mu* 
%ade may result 9 failure4 ,! morn+ sun 
& ! late aft]noon  sun are good = bees1 
b ! heat ( ! mid-day sun may cause !    
comb to melt & br+ disa/] to bees "y &  
old4 ,z mov+ !  active colonies is n    
always safe1 x pays to make a plan 9 !  
beg9n+ = ! :ole numb] y expect to h4    
,?is is a case :]e  x is ju/ifiable to  
c\nt y\r *ick5s be=e !y are hat*$4 ,x  w
 n take mu* imag9ation to draw a plan on
 pap] locat+ !  pr9cipal objects 9 & ne>
 ! api>y-to-be1 & to sket* 9 !  location

 ( ! t51 fifte51 or tw5ty hives y are   
likely to h  five ye>s f n[4 ,if y h no 
l>ge1 decidu\s trees to (f]  ideal %ade 
y ne$n't give up ! idea ( keep+ bees4 ,)
 !  mod]n v5tilat$ cov]s1 bees are      
successfully kept out 9 ! sun1 if       
protect$ f w9d & /orms4 ,a grape arb\r  
af=ds good protection4  ,x %\ld run f   
ea/ to we/4 ,any trellis ) quick gr[+   
v9es  l hops1 ,virg9ia creep]1 or       
grapes1 w s]ve well4 ,grapes give  be/  
return z !y be> fruit & _! blossoms     
supply honey 9  season4 ,:]e no natural 
%ade is possible a %ade bo>d or         
air-spac$  cov] supplies ! lack4 ,a %ade
 bo>d c be made ( any old box  mat]ial4 
,lay a c\ple ( /icks across ! top ( !   
hive to re/ !  %ade bo>d on & to let !  
air circulate4    ,w9d is worse = bees  
?an too mu* sun4 ,bless ! pione]s (  !  
w9dy c\ntry if1 by reason ( _! =e?\ght1 
y h a  real ev]gre5 w9dbreak on y\r     
place4 ,if y h n ?is ideal  w9dbreak1 a 
build+ w s]ve1 or y\r h$ge or high bo>d 
f5ce  %\ld be on ! w9dy side4    ,if y  

/>t1 z _m h1 ) "o or two colonies let !m
 face !  s\? or ea/ & leave space en\gh 
betwe5 ! hives to run a lawn  m[]4 ,z   
y\r numb] increases1 y\r orig9al plan   
may be *ang$1 b  x always pays to make !
 plan4    ,try to consid]1 9 !          
arrangem5t ( ! hives1 n only conv5i5ce  
b beauty4 ,if a bo>d f5ce is necess>y1  
tra9 v9es to cov] its  b>e ugl9ess2 a   
fr+e ( l[ %rubs w help make x beautiful4
 ,z  y\r api>y gr[s1 exp]i5ce w tea* y  
h[ to gr\p ! hives to  get ! be/        
results4 ,tw5ty hives gr\p$ 9 fives "u !
 nor?  side ( f\r big1 spread+ apple    
trees w\ld be ! ideal ,i w\ld set  =    
myself if ! or*>d 0 ready = occupancy4  
,if ,i began at !  age ( f\rte5 ye>s1 ,i
 c\ld easily rea* ?is ideal 9 six ye>s  
& keep my o!r duties up1 too4 ,by t "t  
,i %\ld "k :e!r  ,i want$ to be a       
bee-keep] or n4 ,a great _m p f9d t !   
*ick5 bus9ess comb9es well ) "s o!r     
bus9ess or pr(ession4  ,x is surpris+ t 
m p d n consid] bee-keep+ 9 !  same way4
 ,b>r+ accid5ts1 bees are f> easi] to   

h&le1 clean]1  & !y bo>d !mselves4 ,y c 
leave !m ov] ,sunday )\t any  qualms (  
consci5ce & )\t arrang+ ) somebody to   
fe$ &  wat] !m4 ,! bees w n get out &   
scrat* up y\r g>d5 or  y\r neighb\r's1 b
 !y w d "w 9 ! g>d5 t is too f9e  = y\r 
h&s to tackle1 & y\r crops w be bigg]   
because (  _! visits4 ,*ick5 own]s      
always sleep ) "o e> op51 expect+  night
 pr[l]s to appe> & c>ry (f _! be/ /ock4 
,b :o ev]  he>d ( a burgl> al>m on a    
beehive8 ,!re are honey ?ieves1 b  !y   
are n common4    ,beehives look be/ on a
 c>pet ( grass1 b if y h to be away     
dur+ mu* ( ! summ] wide r\gh bo>ds %\ld 
be plac$ 9 front  ( ! entrance to !     
hives to keep ! grass d[n4 ,a bee is    
likely to  come home heavily lad5 &     
pretty well fagg$ out ) a long flight4  
,if %e %\ld settle 9 a tangle ( grass %e
 w\ld be likely to give  up ! /ruggle & 
fail to answ] to roll call ! next morn+4
 ,keep  ! grass %ort 9 front ( ! hives1 
!n1 if y h to cut x )  %e>s1 :i* is n z 
dang]\s z x s\nds1 once y get us$ to  x4

 ,?is is be/ done on cold or wet days :5
 few bees are go+ 9  & out4 ,salt1 a%es1
 or gravel may be spr9kl$ close up to ! 
hives  to kill ! grass4      ,,buy+     
,,bees    ,ev5 ! p ) bees to sell advise
 beg9n]s to buy f "s "o  9 _!           
neighb\rhood4 ,x is n safe1 ?\gh1 to    
move bees less ?an  a mile & a half z !y
 are likely to return to _! old         
location4  ,buy f an up-to-date api>y if
 y c1 & get /&>d hives2  ! old box hives
 are n wor? any?+2 nei!r are fancy hives
 (  complicat$ /ructure4 ,! entrance to 
! hive %\ld be clos$ )  wire clo? aft] !
 bees all get home 9 ! e>ly ev5+4 ,if   
clos$  9 ! middle ( ! day y are *eat$4  
,9 w>m wea!r ! cov]  %\ld be tak5 (f2 9 
its place %\ld be put ! sup] ov] :i*    
wire-clo? has be5 tack$4 ,/rips ( wood c
 be nail$ on top ( ?is  to :i* ! cov] c 
be fa/5$4 ,by ?is arrangem5t v5tilation 
is secur$4 ,we once lo/ a colony %ipp$  
by express )\t any  provision = !       
circulation ( air4 ,night is ! be/ "t to
 move  ! bees1 ?\gh x c be done 9 !     

daytime2 a cold day is be/4  ,remove !  
wire clo? ! fir/ night aft] plac+ 9     
p]man5t  location4    ,spr+ is ! be/    
season to buy y\r fir/ colony4 ,! price 
may be  high] b ! risk is less4 ,get a  
/rong colony t has w9t]$  well1 :i*     
conta9s1 on ! av]age1 tw5ty-five ?\s& to
  ?irty-five ?\s& work] bees4    ,x w\ld
 be well j "h = ! beg9n] to get acqua9t$
 ) !  op9ions ( ! be/ bee-keep]s ab\t ! 
k9ds ( bees4 ,!re are  v>ieties among   
bees z well z among h5s1 pigeons1 dogs1 
& horses4  ,am]icans l to be hail1      
fell[1 well met ) all _! live  /ock1 &  
al?\gh ev5 ! be/ temp]$ bee might res5t 
a cordial  slap on ! flank1 !re are     
bee-lov]s :o tell ( /rok+ _!  little w+$
 fri5ds ) a grass /em4 ,x requires real 
sympa?y to  succe$ ) bees j z x does )  
*ick5s or c[s4 ,no "o c  "w long ) !m   
)\t becom+ int5sely int]e/$4 ,mo/ p     
le>n to love !m & f9d absorb+ occupation
 9 /udy+ _! ways4    ,two races ( hive  
bees are common "h1 ?\gh none are       
native3  ,g]man1 or black1 & ,italian4  

,all ! books & magaz9es z  well z       
bee-lov]s unhesitat+ly recomm5d ! latt] 
z ! m  good-temp]$1 be+ at ! same "t    
h>dy1 prolific1 & indu/ri\s4  ,good     
hybrids1 t is1 a mixture ( black &      
,italian blood1 may d  almo/ z well z   
pure /ock1 b pure-br$ que5s are a       
necessity to  keep ! grade up4 ,:5 y he>
 ( p :o ga!r bees by h&fuls  into aprons
 or baskets y may be sure t ^? conc]n$  
are all  ?or\ghbr$s4    ,if !re are no  
bees = sale ne> by1 ! be/ plan is to    
ord] f a  deal] 9 ! spr+ :at is kn[n z a
 nucleus4 ,?is is a v small  colony1    
ab\t a qu>t ( bees 7?ree ?\s& two       
hundr$71 %\ld  be accompani$ by a te/$  
que51 & h\s$ 9 a mod]n hive )  ?ree     
frames ( comb4 ,! que5 sets to "w lay+  
eggs 9 ! cells1  new frames %\ld be add$
 z ne$$1 & if poll5 & nect> are         
pl5tiful ! hive w soon be full ( busy "y
 work]s4 ,by fall !  frames %\ld be /or$
 ) ! honey ne$$ = ! w9t]4    ,y\r fir/  
exp5se aft] secur+ a colony w n be =    
mix$  gra9 or middl+s1 b = a smok]1 a   

bee veil & gloves1 extra  hives = y\r   
sw>ms1 honey sections1 & o!r supplies4  
,don't buy  ev]y?+ t looks useful or is 
highly recomm5d$ by ! salesman4  ,maybe 
he nev] saw a bee4 ,sometimes an old    
spoon or o!r *eap ut5sil  c be made into
 a m useful tool ?an ! "o he wants fifty
 c5ts  =4    ,! foll[+ li/ includes !   
supplies y are pretty sure to ne$  !    
fir/ ye>3    ,"o colony ( bees1 9 an    
up-to-date ?\gh simply con/ruct$ hive4  
,on ! :ole1 ! t5-frame hive seems to me 
to h advantages ov]  a small] "o4 ,a    
deep telescope cov] gives room = two    
sup]s on  top at once4 ,! only advantage
 9 ! *aff hives seems to be t  w9t]     
protection is n ne$$ = bees h\s$ 9 !m4  
,! obvi\s  disadvantage is _! great]    
co/1 size1 & weight4 ,s+le wall$  hives 
are s easily made wea!rpro(1 7see       
,w9t]+7 t ! exp5se  ( ! *aff hive is n  
necess>y4    ,?ree extra hives4    ,two 
sup]s2 f\r sup] cov]s4    ,two to five  
hundr$ section boxes = comb honey4 ,y w 
n ne$  v _m ( ^! ! fir/ ye>1 b !y come  

*eap] 9 l>g] lots4    ,"o smok]4 ,( !   
sev]al k9ds (f]$1 y may safely *oose !  
"o  t y h se5 us$ successfully4    ,"o  
pair bee gloves2 "o bee veil4    ,"o    
p\nd brood f\ndation1 = ! new sw>ms to  
beg9 on4    ,two p\nds ?9 sup]-f\ndation
 = />t]s 9 ! honey sections4    ,"o     
f\ndation fa/5]4 ,"o exp]i5c$ bee-keep] 
tells me t he  likes ! ,dewey be/4 ,o!rs
 pref] ! ,daisy4    ,"o ,port] bee      
escape4    ,"o bee bru%4    ,"o que5 &  
drone trap4 ,! new ,alley trap is made )
 b>s in/ead  ( p]=at$ z9c1 & works      
bett]4    ,a bee-keep]'s guide4 7,see   
li/ ( books 9 ! app5dix47    ,complete  
directions = putt+ toge!r ! hives1 etc41
 %\ld  accompany ! fill$ ord]1 & !      
novice %\ld "w ) "o eye on  ! pr9t$     
page4 ,a good book on bee-keep+ %\ld be 
includ$ 9 !  beg9n]'s ord]4 ,^?         
recomm5d$ 9 ! book li/ 9 ! app5dix  are 
all good books = beg9n]s4      ,,bees   
,,z ,,wage ,,e>n]s    ,av]age ,am]ican  
boys & girls are a pretty s5sible cr[d &
 !y  don't expect to get mu* = no?+4 ,if

 !y make money !y l to  see = value     
receiv$ writt5 on x4 ,!y may get        
en?usia/ic ov]  ! "w !y und]take1 b !re 
is a diff]5ce betwe5 en?usiasm  & gu%4  
,en?usiasm helps y d ! h>d "p ( y\r job4
 ,gu% only  makes y ridicul\s4 ,is !re  
any?+ wor? do+ t doesn't take  "t & "w8 
,! honey-produc+ bus9ess is no          
exception4 ,b !  p :o keep bees l _!    
job4 ,yes1 !y say1 x takes ?\ght  &     
en]gy & "s h>d "w1 b x is su* fun4 ,!   
little  p are s int]e/+ t y =get t x is 
"w4 ,comp>$  to butt] money1 egg money1 
& fruit money1 ! wom5 ( !  h\sehold     
reg>d honey money z easy4    ,h[ mu* c y
 c\nt on y\r bees e>n+8 ,g5]al /atem5ts 
w  give y "s idea4 ,y may d bett] or n s
 well z ! av]age4 ,a  good colony ought 
to turn out ?irty or =ty p\nds ( comb   
honey a  ye> beside :at !y ne$ = w9t]1  
:i* is fifte5 or tw5ty-five  p\nds if   
w9t]$ 9 a cell>1 tw5ty-five or          
?irty-five p\nds if  w9t]$ outdoors4    
,! be/ m>ket = honey is ! home m>ket1 & 
! price is !  be/4 ,y get ! commission  

man's pr(it & ! retail]'s pr(it z  well 
z ! gr[]'s4 ,! la/ honey ,i b\ght 0     
tw5ty-five c5ts  a p\nd4 ,if ,i b\ght   
y\r ?irty p\nds at t price y c see =    
y\rself :at y w\ld get p] hive4 ,! new  
sw>ms add to y\r assets  & y are out    
no?+ except = supplies4 ,comp>e ?is ) ! 
exp5se ( go+ into *ick5 or squab rais+4 
,! foll[+ is quot$  f a good au?ority3  
,two doll>s a ye> cle> pr(it p] hive is 
!  v l[e/ e/imate & tw5ty to ?irty hives
 infr+e v little on  "o's "t4 ,?is _m   
colonies may easily be manag$ by a woman
 or by  ! y\ng] memb]s ( ! family4    ,!
 ,unit$ ,/ates has to import two & a    
half million p\nds ( honey  annually1 & 
a half million p\nds ( beeswax4 ,w n our
 bees  "w j z *eaply z ^? 9 =eign       
c\ntries8 ,let u h m  bee-keep]s4       
,,hives    ,little flat-topp$ :ite h\ses
 v>y+ 9 height1 /&+ "u !  trees 9 back  
y>ds are n an unfamili> sight to mo/ (  
u4 ,we say  z we pass on ! road1 ,^? p  
keep bees1 & our m\?s beg9  to wat]4 ,b 
:at d ! hives look l inside8 ,!y are n  

m]e  holl[ boxes4 ,wild bees are cont5t 
) a holl[ tree1 b mod]n  dome/icat$ bees
 require a special k9d ( furniture4     
,! fir/ eat]s ( honey 7 simply robb]s ( 
! wild bees4 ,:5  man began to          
dome/icate bees1 & t 0 s long ago t we  
_c  /op to c\nt ! c5turies1 !re came to 
be two sides to ! b>ga94  ,9 return = a 
%>e 9 _! /ores he kept !m 9 clean       
qu>t]s1  provid$ abundant pa/ure1       
protect$ !m f _! enemies & f  ! wea!r4  
,! old-fa%ion$ hives 7 v picturesque    
affairs2 y  see !m 9 pictures1 & :5 y   
travel 9 ,europe y may see !m  /ill 9   
use4 ,^? skeps d n enc\rage do+ mu* ) ! 
bees  or kn[+ :at is go+ on 9 ! d>k     
hive4 ,i wond] h[ ! folks  ev] got any  
honey to eat4 ,! mod]n bee-keep] wants  
to op5 8 hive  = a good _m reasons4 ,he 
n only wants honey :5 ! bees h an       
ov]-supply1 b he wants to "k :at is do+4
 ,he wants to "k if  8 exp5sive que5 is 
do+ h] duty2 he wants to "k if too _m   
"y que5s are be+ develop$2 he wants to  
"k if any diseases or  o!r enemies are  

pres5t4 ,he !re=e mu/ h a hive t p]mits 
frequ5t & m9ute inspection ( its        
int]ior4    ,b1 said "o boy1 ,i don't   
int5d to op5 my hives & get /ung all    
ov]4 ,n[ :o expects to get /ung all ov]8
 ,!re's no d5y+ t  bees sometimes /+1   
cats (t5 scrat*1 dogs sometimes bite1   
goats  butt1 c[s hook1 horses kick1 & s 
on4 ,"s me?od ( self-def5ce  is _! "r1 &
 ,i d\bt if we %\ld f9d bees s int]e/+  
if  !y did n c>ry conceal$ weapons4 ,we 
c]ta9ly respect _! rights  z we might n 
if !y 7 def5celess4 ,a bee /+ is        
uncom=table  :ile x la/s1 b p afraid (  
bees get v little sympa?y f  me4 ,re/   
assur$ t y w op5 y\r hives (t5 & ! less 
said  ab\t be+ /ung ! bett]4            
,illu/ration3 ,mod]n hive1 %[+ p>ts 9 _!
 correct ord]    ,if possible exam9e at 
a deal]'s or at "s api>y an empty hive4 
,le>n ! uses & names ( ! p>ts4 ,! bottom
 bo>d repres5ts !  f\ndation1 ! brood   
*amb] is ! liv+ room1 & ! sup]s are  !  
attic /ore rooms4 ,! flat cov] is !     
ra9-pro( ro(4 ,! hive  mu/ be a good    

home = ! bees & easily h&l$ by !        
op]ator4  ,! bottom bo>d %\ld n re/     
directly on ! gr\nd because (  dampness1
 :i* rots ! wood & is n good = ! bees4  
,"s use  hive /&s1 o!rs set ! hives on a
 plat=m1 support$ by wood5  blocks or on
 tiles z illu/rat$ "h4    ,beehives1 l  
cottages n[adays1 mu/ h all ! mod]n     
conv5i5ces1 & up-to-date furniture4 ,9 !
 brood *amb] !re are  movable frames    
into :i* ! bees build ! combs :]e ! "y  
are  re>$4 ,) ! introduction ( ^!       
movable frames by ,lang/ro?1  fifty ye>s
 ago1 a new era 9 bee culture began4 ,! 
furniture ( !  second-/ory rooms consi/s
 ( r[s ( little section boxes1 empty at 
fir/1 b ready to be /or$ ) comb honey4  
,:5 nect> is pl5tiful  & ! brood-*amb]s 
are full to ov]fl[+ ) honey1 ! work]s   
are quick to take ! h9t & beg9 to /ore  
_! surplus 9 !  section boxes4    ,y w  
notice t !re is j "o entrance to ! hive4
 ,?is  front door is sacr$ to !         
occupants4 ,:5 go+ among 8 hives1 !     
bee-keep] :o kn[s 8 place keeps to !    

re>4 ,if y respect _!  privacy to ?is   
ext5t1 ! bees w come out 9 front1 rise1 
&  sail (f above y\r head )\t tak+ !    
slighte/ notice ( y4      ,,:at ,,goes  
,,on ,,9 ,,! ,,brood ,,*amb]8    ,bees  
are ! mo/ public-spirit$ ( creatures4   
,!y devote _! "t  to ! s]vice ( _!      
colony4 ,_! indu/ries are all direct$   
t[>ds "o end3 ! increase ( ! numb] (    
bees 9 ! _w4 ,:5  ! hive gets too full (
 bees1 ! colony divides & a sw>m is !   
result4 ,?us two colonies are e/abli%$  
:]e !re 0 b "o1 &  ! numb] ( individuals
 goes on increas+ twice z fa/4    ,!    
honey bee1 l its wild c\s9 ! bumble bee1
 passes ?r\gh  f\r *anges ( =m dur+ its 
developm5t4 ,^! are ! egg1 !  l>va1 !   
pupa1 & ! adult4 ,! que5 is no rul]1 b  
%e  is ! "m-bee1 & ^u h] dep5ds ! future
 ( ! bee colony4  ,deal]s 9 bees re> "s 
( h] "y be=e sell+ ea* que51 9  ord] to 
be sure t %e has mat$ ) a pure-blood$   
drone4 ,^!  are call$ te/$ que5s4 ,_!   
prog5y c be dep5d$ ^u to possess  ! good
 qualities ( bo? p>5ts4 ,if ! eggs ( f9e

 ,italian que5s  develop into n]v\s1    
lazy1 black-coat$1 & black-temp]$       
work]s1  y may safely say1 ,!y take aft]
 _! fa!r's family4 ,!  egg-lay+ beg9s 9 
! spr+ & at ! height ( honey h>ve/ !    
que5 bee may lay z _m z ?ree ?\s& eggs e
 day4 ,%e hurries  ov] ! op5 comb ins]t+
 h] body into ! empty cells1 & leaves   
an egg /uck fa/ at ! bottom ( ea*4    ,!
 work] bees gr[ f egg to maturity 9     
small1 hexagonal1 or  work] cells4 ,?ree
 or f\r days 9 ! egg1 six days z a      
footless  grub or l>va float+ s]5ely 9 a
 t9y well ( liquid food suppli$  h] by !
 nurse bees1 twelve days wrapp$ 9 a silk
 cov]let ( h]  own sp9n+1 ! "y work] bee
 passes ?r\gh h] f\r /ages (  gr[?4 ,at 
! end ( h] ?ree weeks "s inn] impulse   
tells h] to  be up & do+1 & %e obeys !  
/]n call4 ,%e cuts a hole 9 !  cap ( h] 
cell1 %$s h] sk9 = ! la/ "t 7%e did ?is 
five  or six times dur+ ! l>val or gr[+ 
/age71 & comes =?4  ,x takes h] ab\t "o 
day to dry h] fea!rs1 adju/ h]self to   
h] environm5t1 & get busy4 ,%e f9ds _m  

little op5 wells (  unseal$ honey1 & z  
nobody pays any att5tion to h] %e dr9ks 
h] fill4 ,a r\nd ( duties await h]1 & %e
 goes at !m )\t  be+ told h[4 ,%e mu/ d 
nurs+1 comb-build+1 cell-capp+1 &  g5]al
 h\sework1 & all )\t ! lea/ tra9+4 ,aft]
 ab\t a  week ( ?is1 ! "y work] goes out
 to play1 & !n to "w4  ,%e is "y1       
inexp]i5c$1 & self-conceit$1 & tries to 
call  att5tion to h]self l any va9 "y   
miss4 ,:5 %e br+s 9 h]  fir/ load (     
poll5 %e fairly swagg]s ) importance4   
,mr4 ,root  says1 ,h] fir/ load ( poll5 
is j :at ! fir/ pair ( pants is  to a   
boy baby4    ,:5 a bee is a mon? old1 %e
 is 9 ! prime ( life4 ,?ree or f\r      
mon?s ( h>d "w 9 summ] means old age = !
 work]s1 b 9 !  bee colony !re is no su*
 ?+ z an old ladies' home4 ,) _!  w+s   
worn to /umps1 _! once velvety backs    
rubb$ %9y1 !y may  be se5 creep+ away f 
! hive to die1 hav+ giv5 _! v  lives 9  
will+ & fai?ful s]vice ( ! commonweal?4 
,( ! unexpla9$ wond]s ( ! developm5t (  
que5s & drones1 !  my/]y ( ! lay+       

work]s1 & ! o!r _m & v>i$ activities  ( 
! hive1 we _c tell mu* 9 detail "h4 ,y\r
 own book on  bee-keep+ & l>g] books (  
ref]5ce w be m9es ( in=mation4  ,b !re  
are undiscov]$ ,nor? ,poles 9 ! bee _w1 
& ! "y  bee-keep]s ( to-day may be !    
,greeleys & ! ,pe>ys & !  ,%ackletons ( 
?is new-old sci5ce4      ,,sw>m+    ,did
 y ev] wond] :y bees sw>m8 ,!y h no     
regul> dates =  do+ ?+s4 ,al?\gh !y h   
be5 kn[n to sw>m 9 ,may1 & ev5  9       
,april1 y are n likely to get a sw>m    
be=e ,june4 ,e>ly sw>ms  are ! mo/      
valuable1 !re=e y %\ld be ready1 = bees 
are  l "t & tide4 ,h ! hive fitt$ )     
frames & keep x 9 a  cool place4 ,bees  
sw>m to increase ! numb] ( colonies4 ,! 
date (  sw>m+ dep5ds on local conditions
 & nobody c tell b ! bees  !mselves1 &  
!y won't1 :at ^! conditions are exactly4
 ,if !re  are too _m bees1 too mu* honey
 /or$1 ?\s&s ( work]s hat*+  daily1 _m  
"y que5s ready to em]ge1 ! bees are     
likely to sw>m4  ,! bee-keep] is on !   
look\t aft] he kn[s ! signs & c guess   

pretty %rewdly :e!r ! sw>m w be out 9 a 
few days or lat]4  ,he gets 8 app>atus  
toge!r & 8 hives ready4 ,bees (t5 hang  
out on ! outside ( ! hive1 & we us$ to  
?9k t 0 a sure  sign1 b x (t5 fails4    
,x is ! old que5 t leaves ! hive1 b !   
bees t g out  ) h] are a mixture ( "y & 
old ones4 ,no "o kn[s h[ !  decision is 
made z to :o %all g & :o %all /ay beh9d1
 b  !re is nev] any indecision 9 !      
community t we c reckon )4    ,"s hot   
,sunday y w be r\s$ f y\r book by !     
excit$  cry3 ,! bees6 ,look1 !re !y g6  
,! air's full ( !m4 ,!y're  sw>m+4 ,i'll
 bet !y get away4 ,no1 !y're settl+4    
,meantime1 if  y are ! boy :o owns !    
bees1 y are gett+ ready to hive y\r     
fir/ sw>m4    ,x's no joke1 = ?rills w  
be *as+ up y\r sp9e1 & if y  didn't h s 
mu* to d y w\ld be z excit$ z ! re/4 ,b 
success may dep5d on y\r keep+ cool4 ,y 
h probably already  in/ruct$ ! family 9 
mod]n me?ods s t no "o w be rais+  a d9 
by beat+ an old wa% boil]1 etc4 ,if y h 
a g>d5 hose  h&y1 let "s "o play a f9e  

spray on ! :irl+ bees4 ,no?+  br+s !m to
 "t m quickly4 ,:5 ! bees h settl$1     
place !  hive conv5i5tly ne> !m1 ) a    
%eet or hive cov] 9 front4 ,cut  ! bran*
 on :i* ! bees are clu/]$ & %ake !m (f  
into or  9 front ( ! hive4 ,if well     
dispos$ !y w g 9 promptly4    ,if high  
trees & no %rubb]y is ! rule 9 ! vic9ity
 ( y\r  hives1 y w probably ne$ y\r     
long-h&l$ sw>m-cat*]4 ,or y  w v soon   
beg9 ! practice ( clipp+ ! w+s ( y\r    
que5s4  ,:5 ! clipp$ que5 br+s out a    
sw>m %e hops ab\t ne> ! hive4  ,%e may  
climb into a %rub if "o is ne> by4 ,:y n
 provide h] )  a /ill m conv5i5t =k$    
/ick z "s bee-keep]s d8 ,%e climbs  up  
?is1 calls h] family toge!r1 & y d !    
re/4 ,y may pref]  to capture ! que5 9  
y\r little que5 trap1 & place h] at !   
entrance to a new hive :i* y %\ld place 
on ! /& :]e !  old hive 04 ,! bees w    
return to _! old location :5 !y  discov]
 t ! que5 is n ) !m4 ,! new hive w      
receive  !m & ! que5 :5 releas$ w g 9 ) 
h] family4 ,if !  bees refuse to /ay 9 !

 new hive1 x may be because ! hive is   
too  hot4 ,prop up bo? hive & cov] to   
all[ extra v5tilation4      ,,mak+      
,,app>atus    ,:ile ,i d n advise any   
amateur bee-keep] to try to con/ruct 8  
own hives & frames1 ,i d ?9k x is a f9e 
idea to beg9 "r away  to /udy h[ to     
improve ! appliances n[ 9 use4 ,y w h to
  disc>d _m ( y\r own ideas z useless :5
 y come to try to  apply !m to practical
 use4 ,!re are lots ( pat5t$ appliances 
=  sale t make an exp]i5c$ bee-keep]    
smile4 ,he und\bt$ly kn[s  a clev] boy  
at home :o c rig up a home-made         
contraption t w  co/ no?+ at all1 & d ! 
"w bett] ?an ! exp5sive tool4 ,a  boy t 
keeps bees w f9d a k ( tools &          
wood-work+ (  great advantage to him1 & 
a girl's deft f+]s w "k h[ to put       
mat]ials toge!r t a pr(essional w\ld    
nev] ?9k (4    ,9 ?is connection ,i w "h
 describe a sw>m-cat*]1 devis$ by  a    
practical bee-keep] _m ye>s ago &       
recomm5d$ by an exp]t  9 ,apiculture ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4

 ,!  con/ruction is s simple t ,i       
believe ,i c\ld make "o myself6  ,?\gh  
home-made1 x is int]e/+ to see h[       
?or\ghly sci5tific  are ! ess5tial      
features ( ?is device1 all bas$ on a k (
  bee in/9cts4    ,?is description is   
adapt$ f an article by ,dr4 ,b4 ,n4     
,gates 9 "o  ( ! annual reports ( !     
,m>yl& ,bee-,keep]s' ,association4 ,!   
accompany+ draw+ 0 made f a picture ( ! 
sw>m-cat*] 9  ! same report4 ,! app>atus
 consi/s ( a box ) "o end op5 &         
support$ on a pole4 ,! mat]ials requir$ 
are nails1 a l>ge wire  hook1 "s ?9     
bo>ds1 & two or ?ree poles ( diff]5t    
l5g?s4  ,a saw1 a bit & brace1 & a hamm]
 are ! only tools requir$ =  mak+ x4    
,illu/ration3 ,sw>m-cat*] t works l     
magic4 ,any h&y boy c  make x    ,x is  
bee nature to try to get into "s small  
hole4 ,to take advantage  ( ?is in/9ct !
 five sides ( ! sw>m-cat*] are p]=at$  )
 holes ab\t "o half an in* 9 diamet]4   
,:ile ! framework (  ! box %\ld be      
light1 x %\ld also be /rong & ! mat]ials

  good s t ! sw>m-cat*] w la/ = ye>s4   
,a conv5i5t size has be5 f\nd to be     
eight by eight by sixte54 ,a  hole to   
fit ! size ( ! poles %\ld be bor$ 9 !   
c5tre ( !  top & "o at ! bottom4 ,! big 
wire hook %\ld be screw$ into !  top f> 
en\gh f ! c5tre s t x w n be int]f]$ )  
by ! project+ end ( ! pole4 ,a slot %\ld
 be cut l5g?wise (  ! top1 suffici5tly  
l>ge to all[ a frame ( honey-comb to be 
put  9 s t x hangs d[n inside to attract
 ! bees4 ,?is honey bait  is ess5tial to
 ! successful work+ ( ! sw>m-cat*]4 ,y c
  devise o!r ways ( susp5d+ x to ! top  
inside ( ! box4 ,x is  ?\ght t a coat ( 
gre5 pa9t on ! outside & "o ( black on  
! inside induces ! bees to ent] ! box m 
readily4    ,a sw>m-cat*] l ?is cuts out
 all ! loss ( "t & dang] (  los+ a      
valuable sw>m ( bees :ile prep>ations to
 hive !m are  go+ on4 ,& y c practically
 cat* a sw>m any:]e ) ?is  device4 ,if  
!y light on a /one wall1 a tree trunk1  
or on ! gr\nd1  y simply bru% a p9t or s
 ( !m into ! box1 /ick ! %>p  l[] end ( 

! pole into ! gr\nd ne> by1 & g (f &    
leave  !m to g 9 at _! leisure4 ,a :iff 
or s ( smoke is ne$$ :5  y fir/ g up    
be=e beg9n+ to wield ! bru%4    ,= sw>ms
 hang+ 9 ! ord9>y way f limbs ( trees or
 v9es1  :ile ! bees are clu/]+1 take a  
frame f "o ( ! hives &  hang x 9 !      
sw>m-cat*]4 ,x is be/ to take a comb    
conta9+  develop+ brood & "s honey4 ,?is
 =ms a well-nigh irresi/ible  lure = !  
sw>m+ bees4 ,"o look at ! p5dant mass ( 
bees w  tell y :at l5g? ( pole y ne$ 9 !
 box4 ,put on y\r veil &  gloves & hoi/ 
! box up into ! tree4 ,put ! op5 end ( !
 box  up aga9/ ! mass ( bees & get z _m 
( !m into x or onto x  z possible4 ,cat*
 ! bran* ) ! hook on ! box & give x a   
vigor\s %ak+4 ,?is unsettles ! re/ ( !  
bees & !y w be  attract$ in/9ctively to 
foll[ ! re/ into ! box :]e ! brood      
cells are4 ,once ! bees are safely      
clu/]$ 9 & on ! box !re  is no ru% ab\t 
hiv+ !m4 ,!y are safe to be left hang+  
by !  hook )9 t5 feet or s ( _! orig9al 
clu/]+ place or )  ! pole /uck 9 ! gr\nd

 ne> by4 ,!y are secure !re = h\rs1  ev5
 = days1 b "o usually has "t to hive !m 
! same day4 ,!  sw>m %\ld n be left 9 ! 
hot sun4    ,hiv+ is done 9 ! usual way4
 ,aft] ! hive is prep>$ ) combs  or     
f\ndation1 %ake ! bees f ! sw>m-cat*]   
ei!r into or 9  front ( ! hive4 ,) l>ge 
sw>ms x is advisable to prop ! hive     
body up slightly f ! bottom bo>d to     
enl>ge ! entrance4 ,!  m>*+ 9 is a      
wond]ful sight4    ,an e/abli%$ colony (
 bees _c be mov$ five feet )\t  caus+ !m
 confusion4 ,be=e ! newly hiv$ bees h _h
 "t to  locate !mselves & set to "w at  
honey ga!r+1 ! hive %\ld  be mov$ to its
 p]man5t location4 ,x is n safe to delay
 long] ?an  twilight ( ! day !y are     
hiv$4 ,:5 once !y get a location fix$   
!y return to x & are lo/4    ,if !y     
refuse to be reconcil$ 9 a new hive1 put
 9 a frame ( "y  brood f "s o!r hive &  
try !m aga94 ,!y seldom des]t an  obvi\s
 duty l ! c>+ = "y4      ,,op5+ ,,!     
,,hive    ,! mod]n art ( bee-keep+ 0    
made possible by ! inv5tion ( !  hive ) 

movable frames4 ,"s ( ! _m reasons =    
op5+ ! hive  are3    #a4 ,to take (f    
honey4    #b4 ,to see if en\gh honey has
 be5 /or$ = w9t]4    #c4 ,to f9d ! que54
    #d4 ,to introduce a new que54    #e4
 ,to exam9e ! brood4    ,be=e op5+ !    
hive "k j :at y are go+ to look =4 ,get 
! smok] well go+2 %av+s1 punk1          
excelsior1 or *ips cr[d$ 9  make a good 
smudge2 y want mu* smoke & little fire4 
,put on y\r  bee veil4 ,= a greet+1 bl[ 
a little smoke 9 at ! entrance (  ! hive
 y are go+ to op54 ,loos5 ! cov] :i* y w
 f9d  to be glu$ tight ) propolis by !  
bees4 ,a dull putty knife or            
screw-driv] is a good tool = ?is job4 ,z
 fa/ z y unseal !  cracks1 bl[ smoke    
into !m4 ,at ?is juncture x is well to  
close !  hive = a few m9utes to give !  
bees "t to ?9k x ov]4 ,!  bett] ! grade 
( bees ! less smoke is requir$4 ,take   
y\r "t4  ,keep y\r n]ve /eady & ! smok] 
h&y4 ,loos5 ! frames & take  !m out "o  
by "o4 ,9 ord] to see :at is go+ on 9 ! 
frames  y mu/ cle> (f ! bees4 ,d ?is 9  

su* a way t y w n  endang] ! que5 if %e 
%\ld be on ! frame4 ,poke ! bees (f  s t
 !y fall bewild]$ back into ! hive4 ,set
 ! frame d[n  aga9/ ! outside ( ! hive &
 take out ano!r4    ,!re are cells (    
?ree sizes 9 ! brood combs4 ,que5 cells 
are  l>ge1 /&+ out f ! surface ( ! comb 
q prom95tly4  ,! drone & work] closely  
resemble "o ano!r1 b ! drone cells  are 
! l>g]4 ,honey is /or$ 9 bo? drone &    
work] cells4 ,if y  wi% to de/roy ! que5
 cells to prev5t sw>m+ y w f9d x  a     
tickli% job1 ev5 ) a %>p1 sl5d] knife1 n
 to ru9 a lot (  comb4    ,illu/ration3 
,drone & que5 trap at hive entrance     
,x is (t5 important to locate ! que54   
,if y wi% to clip h]  w+s1 f9d h] y mu/4
 ,%e is usually ne> ! middle ( ! hive1  
surr\nd$ by h] c\rt1 a rosette ( work]s4
 ,%e is q diff]5t  9 %ape f ! work]s4 ,x
 is well to /udy h] picture be=e go+  to
 look = h]4 ,a que5's w+s are n mu* to  
cut1 b y w ne$  a /eady n]ve if y d x   
free h&4 ,_m devices are to be _h to    
make ! op]ation less difficult & to     

insure safety to ! re/ (  ! que54 ,!    
dang] is all to h]1 = al?\gh %e is arm$ 
%e w  n /+ y4 ,%e res]ves h] /+ = "s    
rival 9 h] own class4    ,h>ve/+ any    
crop has int]e/+ features1 b no?+ has ! 
peculi> *>m ( tak+ (f honey4 ,loos5 !   
cov]1 puff 9 a little  smoke1 lift !    
cov]1 !n ! :ole sup] (f4 ,put on a new  
sup]  & replace ! cov]4 ,h y\r bee bru% 
ready & z y lift !  fitt$ sections out (
 ! sup]1 bru% ! bees t cl+ to !m  d[n to
 ! entrance to ! hive4 ,?is is ! old way
 & is fraught  ) dang]s4 ,moreov]1 !    
bees may reg>d "o robb]y z suffici5t    
excuse = ano!r4 ,robb]y is a s]i\s matt]
 9 ! api>y4 ,!  mod]n way is to use !   
,port] bee-escape4 ,?is device obviates 
all  ! difficulties & once y h got !    
hang ( x1 y w h  no fur!r tr\ble gett+  
honey f y\r hives4      ,,/+s3          
,,prev5tion ,,& ,,cure    ,! bee mitt5s1
 ! veil1 & ! smok] are all prev5tive    
measures4  ,a good deal dep5ds on ! way 
y behave :5 work+ ) bees4 ,if  y are    
n]v\s & anxi\s y probably w act t way & 

! bees  h a way ( und]/&+ & are likely  
to f9d y4    ,remove ! /+ by a scrap+   
motion ) a knife blade or "s hive  tool 
y happ5 to h h&y4 ,if y use ! ?umb & f+]
 y  squeeze ! t9y bulb at ! out] end ( !
 /+1 & inject !  poison into y\r blood4 
,exp]ts h little or no fai? 9 cures :i* 
are rubb$ on4 ,!y  und]e/imate ! com=t  
"o gets do+ some?+ = a spot t  hurts s  
mighty bad4 ,s g ahead & put on alcohol 
or bak+ soda or  ammonia2 y c't d a bit 
( h>m t way4 ,9 ! meantime nature is    
busy neutraliz+ ! acid ! bee puni%$ y )4
    ,mrs4 ,com/ock1 9 ,h[ to ,keep      
,bees1 gives ^! maxims = op5+  ! hive3  
,h ! smok] ready to give =? a good      
volume ( smoke4    ,use ! smok] to sc>e 
! bees r ?an to puni% !m4    ,d n /& 9  
front ( ! hive le/ ! bees pass+ out & 9 
take  umbrage4    ,be c>eful n to drop  
any implem5ts ) :i* y are work+2 take   
hold ( all ?+s firmly4    ,move /eadily 
& n n]v\sly4    ,d n run if fright5$1 = 
! bees und]/& :at runn+ away  means z   
well z y d4    ,if ! bees attack y1 move

 sl[ly away1 smok+ !m (f z y g4    ,if a
 bee annoys y by h] ?reat5+ attitude =  
"s "t1 kill h]  ru?lessly4      ,,w9t]+ 
,be=e buy+ y\r hives y mu/ decide :]e   
y\r bees are to w9t]4  ,if y h a        
suitable %elt] y c use ! ord9>y hives2 b
  if y\r bees are to w9t] outside1 y may
 decide t y want !  great *aff-pack$1   
d\ble hives4 ,z ! summ] wanes e hive mu/
  be exam9$ to make sure t ! colony is  
/rong & t ! supply  ( honey is n %ort4  
,if ! season has be5 a bad "o = fl[]s1  
or if ! region provides few blossom+    
fields x may be necess>y  to fe$ ! bees4
 ,special directions are ne$$ & any bee 
book w  supply !m4 ,a /rong sw>m1       
suppli$ ) tw5ty-five p\nds to           
?irty-five p\nds ( honey1 w w9t] )\t    
s]i\s loss 9 a  *aff hive4 ,o!r         
protection ?an t af=d$ by a good        
w9dbreak is  unnecess>y4 ,9 our         
furnace-heat$ h\ses no "p ( ! cell> is  
cool  en\gh all ! "t = ! bees4 ,!       
temp]ature %\ld n g above  =ty-eight    
degrees ,fahr41 nor bel[ =ty degrees2   

=ty-?ree degrees  is consid]$ j "r4     
,sudd5 *anges are bad = bees4           
,illu/ration3 ,beehive cov]$ ) newspap]s
 & wat]pro( pap] =  w9t]+ outdoors      
,_m exp]i5c$ bee-keep]s w9t] _! colonies
 successfully  outdoors ) home-made     
protection4 ,! ord9>y hives1 ) ! cov]s  
on b ) ! sup]s (f1 ( c\rse1 are put into
 w9t] qu>t]s  9 ?is way3 ,fold sev5 or  
eight ?icknesses ( newspap] ov] ! top  (
 ! cov] & sides4 ,make a neat job ( ?is 
z if y int5d$ to  s5d ! box by mail4    
,use a few tacks if ne$$4 ,ov] ?is fold 
a l>ge  piece ( t> or o!r wat]pro( pap]4
 ,!re is a "r way to fold  ! ends ( ?is 
out] wrapp]1 & a wrong way4 ,!          
illu/ration %[s  ! "r way4 ,if ! pap] is
 br\ght d[n f ! top fir/ &  r\nd ! ends 
f ! sides ov] t 7! wrong way71 pockets w
  be =m$ :i* hold sn[ & wat]4 ,nail ?9  
pieces ( wood on to  hold ! folds       
securely4 ,! entrance to ! hive %\ld n  
be clos$  z bees come out m or less on  
w>m days 9 w9t]4 ,be sure t !  entrance 
is always free f dead bees4    ,ano!r   

way to protect hives f ! cold :5 w9t]+  
outside is  to con/ruct a pack+ case    
?ree & a half in*es bigg] 9 all         
dim5sions ?an ! hive4 ,set "o ( ^! d[n  
ov] ea* hive & pack  ! space betwe5 hive
 & case ) any k9d ( dry pack+ mat]ial1  
su* z %av+s1 sawdu/1 cork *ips1 dry     
leaves4 ,any ( ^!  mat]ials us$ wet w\ld
 d m h>m ?an good4 ,"s sort ( %elf or   
projection %\ld be s plac$ ov] !        
entrance z to keep x op5 z  ) o!r =ms ( 
w9t] protection4      ,,fe$+    ,9 !    
spr+1 bees ne$ wat]4 ,if ! tree blossoms
 are late 9 com+  out1 sirup is (t5 f$  
to ! bees to give !m a />t4 ,pat5t$     
fe$+ devices are n necess>y4 ,a flat t9 
pan works admirably4 ,!  be/ sirup = all
 purposes is pla9 granulat$ sug> & wat]1
 made  cold4 ,/ir 9 all ! sug> t ! wat] 
w hold4 ,fill ! fe$+  pan ) excelsior   
fir/1 !n sirup1 & place x 9 ! sup]4     
,little  ladd]s lead+ up to ! top ( !   
pan w help ! bees get at !  sirup4      
,fe$+ is also practis$ 9 ! fall if !    
am\nt ( /or$ honey is  %ort4 ,! fe$+ (  

honey is likely to />t ! bees to robb+4 
,"u no circum/ances %\ld m>ket honey be 
f$ to bees4 ,diseases  are transmitt$ by
 ?is practice4                  ,,plants
 ,,t ,,furni% ,,honey ,,or ,,poll5 ,,or 
,,bo?        gill-ov]-!-gr\nd           
%adbu%                        tulip tree
                      will[             
grape                           sorrel  
spr+4      elm                          
maple                           d&elion 
haw?orn                        r$ bud   
fruit trees                       clov]s
 7cultivat$7            alfalfa         
wild sweet clov]               raspb]ry 
bee-balm                        blueb]ry
                       *e/nut           
corn                       summ]4       
fig-wort                        locu/   
basswood                        catnip  
horse m9t                      mu/>d    
sage                            suma*   
buck:eat                       spid]    
fl[]                   sunfl[]s         
firewe$                        sm>twe$  

fall4      milk-we$                     
gold5-rod                      a/]      
rape                            ,,!     
,,products ,,( ,,! ,,hive    ,besides   
honey1 bees make use ( wax to con/ruct  
combs1 bee-bread =  l>v food1 & propolis
 = glue4 ,if y ?9k ! bees ga!r honey  f 
! fl[]s y are greatly mi/ak54 ,nobody   
kn[s yet q h[  honey is made4 ,*emi/s   
say t x has 9 x wat]1 grape sug>1 a     
little =mic acid1 "s m9]al matt]1       
album9oids1 & ess5tial  oils4 ,b ?is li/
 leaves u little ! wis]4 ,no *emi/ has  
be5  able to comb9e ^! mat]ials into    
honey4 ,! nect> ga!r$ by bees  passes   
directly into a receptacle1 ! honey-sack
 or honey-/oma*1  :i* is us$ = t purpose
 only4 ,x does n g ! same road  z !     
bee's food4 ,! notion t bees swall[ !   
nect> & !n  unswall[ x is z errone\s z x
 is unappetiz+4 ,! flav\r1 body1  &     
col\r ( honey dep5d on ! s\rce ( !      
nect>1 ! age1 !  am\nt ( *emical *ange  
wr\ght by ! bees1 & ! complet5ess (  !  
rip5+ process :i* goes on 9 ! hive be=e 

! cells are  capp$4 ,honey is a v       
:olesome sweet1 f> m easily dige/$ ?an  
cane or grape sug>4    ,if ! mak+ (     
honey is my/]i\s1 :at c we say ( wax    
production8 ,9 ! height ( ! honey season
 we c wat* ! bees  mak+ wax ?r\gh a     
glass-sid$ hive4 ,mrs4 ,com/ock says3 ,a
 c]ta9  numb] ( self-elect$ citiz5s     
gorge !mselves ) honey & hang  up 9 *a9s
 or curta9s1 ea* bee cl++ by h] front   
feet to !  h9d feet ( ! "o above h]1 l  
,japanese acrobats2 & !re  !y rema9     
sometimes = two days until ! wax scales 
appe> pu%$  out f e pocket4 ,sometimes a
 honey-& poll5-lad5 bee w  come home f  
pa/ure ) flakes ( wax exud+ f ! wax     
plates  on h] abdom54 ,b ?is happ5s only
 :5 wax is ne$$ = comb  mak+4 ,at o!r   
times no am\nt ( honey gorg+ w produce a
 scrap  ( wax4 ,does ?is n h9t at my/]y 
& some?+ high] ?an m]e  intellig5ce8    
,y w\ld ?9k 9 su* a p]fectly organiz$   
community !re w\ld be  some?+ l         
specialization4 ,su* appe>s n to be !   
case4 ,all !  work]s seem to d all !    

diff]5t k9ds ( ?+s4 ,let u say a bee    
goes out & gets a load ( honey ! fir/ ?+
 9 ! morn+4 ,:5  %e comes 9 %e goes to !
 comb to deposit h] honey1 !n to !      
brood cells :]e %e combs ! poll5 (f h]  
legs into a cell :]e  x is /or$ to fe$ !
 "y bees lat]4 ,p]haps %e sees 9 pass+  
"s cells :i* ne$ capp+1 does t1 !n away 
to gorge h]self  ) honey & make wax1 !n 
builds h] own or h] neighb\r's wax  onto
 ! comb4 ,if ! day is hot x may occur to
 h] & a ?\s&  o!rs to con/ruct a liv+   
fan & keep ! air /irr+ inside !  hive by
 wav+ _! w+s4 ,9 a sy/em l ?is !re is no
 re/+1  no play1 no %irk+1 no           
specializ+4 ,!re is always "w to d &    
always somebody do+ x ) a w 9 ! p]fect  
socialism4    ,_m boys & girls ( ^! days
 are =tunate 9 hav+ _h at s*ool  an     
obs]vation hive4 ,no bee-keep] w be long
 )\t "o if he has  any curiosity ab\t   
:at is go+ on 9 ! d>k hive1 or if he is 
ambiti\s to solve "s ( ! my/]ies4 ,an   
ord9>y hive c be made  into a good      
obs]vation hive by putt+ a pane ( glass 

9 ! sides  & top4 ,!re %\ld be h+$ doors
 to fit tightly ov] ! glass4 ,a         
two-frame hive devis$ by ,pr(4 ,v4 ,l4  
,kellogg has bo? sides ( glass  s t !   
:ole dome/ic economy ( ! bee family c   
readily be  obs]v$4      ,,diseases ,,& 
,,enemies    ,y w n be 9 ! bee bus9ess  
long be=e y le>n t bees  h diseases &   
enemies4 ,9 fact1 x is bett] to face t  
fact  at ! beg9n+ & le>n h[ to recognize
 & combat ! tr\bles4  ,c>elessness along
 ?is l9e is inexcusable & w surely cause
  failure4 ,sev]al /ates h (ficial      
inspectors ^: bus9ess x is  to "k bee   
diseases & me?ods ( controll+ !m4 ,he is
 requir$  to inspect api>ies :]e        
diseases are suspect$1 & ! be/ ?+ to  d 
is to int]e/ him 9 y\r "w & get all !   
help f him y  c4 ,an ounce ( prev5tion w
 save a p\nd ( cure1 e "t4    ,if !re is
 a ,bee-,keep]s' ,association 9 y\r     
c\nty1 by all means  jo9 x & help make x
 a live1 active organization4 ,! ,unit$ 
,/ates  ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture c give 
y mu* ne$$ in=mation z to  :o ! m5 are 9

 y\r locality :o are (fic]s 9 !         
associations  & (ficial inspectors4     
,,m>ket+ ,,honey    ,! be/ honey m>ket  
is ! home m>ket z ,i h said4 ,y may h   
to "w up a dem& 9 y\r neighb\rhood & !re
 are _m ways to d  ?is :i* +5i\s boys & 
girls w devise4 ,mo/ ( u1 if we c  af=d 
to use honey at all1 "k x only z a      
spread = hot biscuits  or griddle cakes4
 ,b n e "o kn[s t honey is a v mu*  m   
:olesome sweet ?an cane sug>4 ,_m p _c  
eat sug> at  all1 b f9d honey does n    
cause indige/ion4 ,if y c\ld p]suade    
y\r neighb\rs to buy y\r honey = _!     
*ildr5 in/ead ( c&y1  all-day-suck]s    
col\r$ ) *eap dyes1 & sirups made (     
nobody  kn[s :at1 y w\ld be do+ some?+  
wor? :ile4    ,honey is us$ 9 cook+ too1
 9 _m ways4 ,get y\r "m or si/]  int]e/$
 9 try+ "s receipts 9 :i* honey takes ! 
place (  sug>4 ,if y make a success (   
?is y c get o!r p to mak+  honey cakes1 
?us creat+ a dem& = y\r product4    ,"o 
ent]pris+ *ap made a great success by   
fir/ go+ f  h\se to h\se & giv+ away    

samples ( 8 honey4 ,he also left a      
self-address$ po/al c>d ) prices & ord] 
blank pr9t$ on "o  side1 & n9e out ( t5 
( ! p he call$ on s5t ord]s4 ,x  seem$ a
 pity to wa/e a good po/al c>d &        
ev]ybody likes to help a  bright boy    
along2 & beside !y want$ ! honey6 ,x    
might be well to  h a little pamphlet   
tell+ ab\t y\r honey & ( ! _m uses x    
may be put to1 ) a receipt = honey cake1
 p]haps4 ,y w get a  reputation1 if y   
try1 = pure products1 neat packages &   
c\rte\s  deal+s4 ,z y\r output increases
 f ye> to ye> y\r m>ket w  gr[1 until y1
 l ! boy we m5tion$ at ! beg9n+ ( ?is   
*apt]1 h a bus9ess wor? at lea/ a ?\s&  
doll>s4      ,,my ,,exp]i5ce ,,) ,,honey
 ,,bees    ,x 0 j by *ance t ,i ev] got 
/>t$ 9 keep+ bees4 ,!re  7 sev]al boys  
ab\t my size 9 ! neighb\rhood at my home
 & we  us$ to g swimm+ & play ball      
toge!r4 ,"o f9e spr+ day a few  ( u 7   
walk+ d[n ! road t[>d ! swimm+ pool :5  
we f\nd  a sw>m ( bees on a f5ce po/4   
,"o ( ! fell[s knew h[ to hive  ! sw>m1 

s we got a box f ! /ore & wat*$ :ile he 
got !  bees into x4 ,x 0 ! fir/ "t t ,i 
_h se5 a sw>m hiv$ &  ! p]=mance prov$ v
 int]e/+ to me4    ,i b\ght t sw>m 9 !  
old box = sev5ty-five c5ts1 v well      
satisfi$ ) ! b>ga91 = ( c\rse ! box w\ld
 be full (  honey 9 a %ort "t6    ,!    
colony 0 plac$ ^u a b5* 9 ! front y>d4  
,"o night ! old  bull got out & upset ! 
b5*4 ,! bees 7 ready to /+ any?+  next  
day4 ,i bundl$ up until ,i 0 /+ pro( &  
!n got !m  /raight5$ up4 ,! combs 7     
brok5 :i* gave ! bees a setback  f :i*  
!y did n recov]4 ,i did n get any honey 
f !m &  !y di$ out 9 ! w9t]4    ,an old 
bee-keep] :o liv$ ne> u gave me two     
sw>ms ! next spr+4  ,"o ( !m left ! hive
 & flew to ! woods & ! o!r 0 weak  &    
di$4 ,x began to seem z ?\gh bees 7 h>d 
to keep4 ,i got a  book call$ ,a ,b ,c (
 ,bee ,culture1 & read x4 ,i soon le>n$ 
t  bees %\ld be kept 9 movable frame    
hives s !y c\ld be easily  h&l$4    ,i  
_h no bees n[1 b1 al?\gh we 7 laugh$ at1
 my fa!r & ,i  ent]$ into a p>tn]%ip4   

,he furni%$ ! hives & implem5ts &  ,i   
furni%$ ! bees & lab\r4 ,we 7 to divide 
pr(its equally4 ,we  b\ght two hives1 a 
smok]1 & a bee veil4 ,i caught "o sw>m 9
 !  woods & b\ght ano!r4 ,!y 7 bo? late 
sw>ms & di$ 9 !  w9t]4    ,success 0    
/ill f> (f & ?+s did n look v bright1 b 
,i  _h le>n$ h[ n to d lots ( ?+s4 ,!   
two hives we _h 7 n  ! be/1 s we sold !m
 & b\ght five ( a diff]5t k9d = !  next 
spr+4 ,! outlay 0 l>ge & no pr(its1 b ,i
 0 det]m9$  to succe$4    ,9 ! spr+ ,i  
caught a sw>m e>ly 9 ! season & x made a
 few  p\nds ( surplus honey :i* we us$  
at home4 ,dur+ ! latt] "p  ( ,augu/ my  
*um & ,i 7 out squirrel hunt+ & he f\nd 
a sw>m  t _h built combs on ! limb ( a  
l>ge tree4 ,we got x into a hive  & ,i  
b\ght 8 %>e ( ! sw>m4 ,?is colony ne$$  
fe$+1 s ,i  f$ x on sug> & wat]4 ,bo?   
colonies liv$ ?r\gh ! w9t] &  made a    
/rong />t 9 ! spr+4 ,ea* gave a sw>m &  
,i caught bo?4    ,! book & ! old       
bee-keep] taught me t ,italian bees 7   
bett] ?an ! wild bees1 s ,i inve/$ 9 two

 ,italian que5s :i*  ,i got by mail f a 
que5 bre$]4 ,i kill$ ! old que5s 9 two  
( ! colonies & introduc$ ! new ones4 ,!y
 did "s good "w  t summ] & liv$ ?r\gh ! 
w9t]4 ,! next spr+ ,i _h two  colonies (
 black or wild bees & two ( ,italians4  
,! blacks toge!r  made ab\t tw5ty p\nds 
( surplus honey1 :ile ! two ,italians   
made ne>ly two hundr$ p\nds4 ,?is %[$ me
 t !re 0 a great  diff]5ce 9 bees4 ,ea* 
colony sw>m$ once1 mak+ eight 9 all4    
,we _h n[ made a success & ! bus9ess 0  
on a good foot+ ev5  aft] f\r ye>s (    
failure4 ,t la/ honey crop 0 wor? ab\t  
?irty doll>s1 & ! bees & hives 7 wor?   
ab\t =ty-five  doll>s4 ,we 7 enc\rag$4  
,t fall ,i 0 sixte5 ye>s old & _h decid$
 to g to college4  ,! presid5t ( !      
agricultural college 9 ?is /ate (f]$ me 
a  *ance to "w my way ?r\gh college by  
tak+ *>ge ( ! bees on  ! college f>m4 ,i
 gladly accept$ x & sold my bees at     
home4    ,life at college 0 v diff]5t f 
home life1 b ! bees always  furni%$ a   
s\rce ( pleasure & recreation dur+ my   

sp>e mom5ts  on week days & on          
,saturdays4 ,9 ! summ] mon?s ,i ei!r    
work$  ) ! gov]nm5t bee-m5 or = !       
college4    ,! bees h n only giv5 me    
lots ( pleasure1 b !y h made x  possible
 = me to pay my entire tuition & exp5ses
 = five ye>s  at college4 ,besides /udy+
 & att5d+ to my bees1 ,i h _h "t  = mu* 
o!r fun1 & ?is ye> ,i made ! 'v>sity    
football team &  play$ 9 e game4    ,"s 
p ?9k t ! honey is n wor? ! /+s1 b my   
advice  is to get a colony & try y\r h&4
                                        
,,sydney ,s4 ,,/abbl]      ,,h[ ,i      
,,e>n$ ,,two ,,hundr$ ,,doll>s    ,i _h 
help$ ) ! bees m or less all my life1 s 
t ,i already  knew h[ to h&le !m :5 my  
high s*ool c\rse 0 brok5 into by        
illness & ,i _h an en=c$ vacation ( "o  
ye> & a half4 ,i 0  able at ?is "t to   
devote to ! bees "o full season1 t is1 f
  ,april ?r\gh ,july4    ,my fa!r all[$ 
me ! use ( bees1 hives1 combs1 etc41 =  
que5  re>+4 ,! que5s ,i sold =          
sev5ty-five c5ts & "o doll> ea*1        

accord+ to ! grade4 ,to my fa!r ,i      
furni%$ "o hundr$ que5s  at ! r$uc$     
price ( fifty c5ts ea* z r5t = ! bees1  
hives1  etc4 ,i _h ab\t n9ety nuclei (  
two frames ea*4 ,dur+ ! sw>m+  season ,i
 us$ a good _m natural cells f ! bett]  
colonies4 ,lat]  ,i us$ artificial1     
dipp$ cells :i* ,i made myself4 ,9 !    
latt] case  ,i took l>v f ! v be/ que5s 
9 ! api>y & plac$ !  cells 9 que5less   
colonies to be develop$1 or sometimes 9 
colonies  :i* 7 sup]s$+ _! que5s4 ,:5 ! 
cells 7 ne>ly ready  to hat* !y 7 plac$ 
9 ! nuclei :]e ! "y que5s rema9$  until 
!y comm5c$ lay+1 :5 !y 7 ready = sale4  
,altoge!r ,i made a little ov] "o hundr$
 doll>s t season4 ,i 0  !n eighte5 ye>s 
old & det]m9$ to g to college4 ,two ye>s
  lat] ,i began my /udies at !          
,univ]sity ( ,cali=nia1 work+ =  my bo>d
 9 a private family & draw+ f ! "o      
hundr$ doll>s  = incid5tals4 ,clo?+ ,i  
_h receiv$ at home & _h made myself  = !
 mo/ "p4    ,! ,san ,francisco e>?quake 
occurr$ on ! eighte5? ( ,april1 9  !    

spr+ ( my fre%man ye>1 & college 0 clos$
 imm$iately1 s  t ,i 0 able to ent] aga9
 into ! que5 re>+ bus9ess4 ,t  season ,i
 s5t out adv]tis+ c>ds to ! memb]s ( !  
,cali=nia  ,bee-,keep]s' ,association & 
sold ne>ly all my que5s to !m4 ,!       
f9ancial result 0 ne>ly ! same z = ! =m]
 season4    ,s 9 all ,i made ab\t two   
hundr$ doll>s1 :i* paid = !  incid5tals 
dur+ ?ree ye>s ( my college c>e] :i* is 
z  f> z ,i h gone4 ,by incid5tals ,i    
mean books1 pap]1 & su*  necessities1   
also subscriptions to ! college daily   
pap]1 class &  association dues1 tickets
 to college j9ks1 !atricals1 games1 etc4
 ,i  also sp5t a good deal = tickets to 
conc]ts1 plays1 etc41 z t  0 my fir/    
opportunity to he> ! great musicians &  
actors & ,i  consid]$ t a "p ( my       
education4                              
,,flora ,,mc9tyre      ,,pr(its ,,(     
,,bee-,,keep+    ,i h be5 ask$ to tell  
some?+ ( my e>ly exp]i5ces z a          
bee-keep]1 = boys & girls :o may become 
int]e/$ 9 ?is v  fasc9at+1 &1 ,i may say

 at ! same "t1 pr(itable1 pursuit4    ,i
 ?9k x may be said ( bee-keep+ z sailors
 say ( seaf>+--once  a bee-keep] always 
a bee-keep]4    ,i %\ld l to tell y 9 a 
few words :at c be expect$ f a  doz5 & a
 half hives ( bees ) an av]age ( "o & "o
 half  days a week sp5t 9 ! api>y4 ,i   
believe really1 ?\gh1 t :5 ,i  began    
keep+ bees x 0 n because ,i expect$ to  
make mu* money4  ,! :ole /ory ( ! bee   
life1 z read f diff]5t books :i* ,i     
secur$ aft] becom+ int]e/$1 0 s wond]ful
 & fasc9at+  t ,i c\ld h>dly wait until 
spr+ s t ,i might /udy ! two  hives     
acquir$ ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,t fir/ spr+ &    
summ] !re  7 only ^? old box hives1 :i* 
c\ld n be op5$ = inside  /udy1 & all    
obs]vations _h to be conf9$ to wat*+ !  
bees  f ! outside4 ,! next summ] "s     
mod]n hives t c\ld be tak5  ap>t & e    
nook & corn] laid op5 to obs]vation 7   
b\ght4  ,9 ! fall ,i 0 v =tunate 9      
secur+ eighte5 colonies ( bees  at an   
auction sale1 pay+ !re= only fifty c5ts 
a colony1 mu*  to my satisfaction & my  

neighb\rs' amusem5t4 ,mo/ ( ! hives  7  
frame1 b ( an undesirable sort ( frame4 
,! next summ] ^!  colonies 7 transf]r$  
to up-to-date hives4 ,t summ]1 & = !    
next succe$+ six summ]s1 ^! colonies did
 n fail to yield on  an av]age ab\t     
sev5ty doll>s' wor? ( honey & wax4      
,c\nt+ out  w9t] losses ! numb] (       
colonies p] ye> w\ld av]age twelve1 !   
numb] ( p\nds ( honey ab\t ?ree hundr$ &
 sev5ty-five1 wor?  tw5ty c5ts a p\nd4  
,! bees receiv$ only a small "p ( my "t 
ea* day4    ,lat]1 :5 a /ud5t at ! ,ohio
 ,/ate ,univ]sity1 z manag] (  ! api>y  
!re1 ab\t ! same results 7 obta9$1 s t  
an  av]age ( ab\t five doll>s a hive is 
a cons]vative e/imate4 ,if  "o beg9s 9 a
 small way1 9 a few ye>s he %\ld be able
 to manage  "o hundr$ colonies4 ,b x    
%\ld be rememb]$ t ! yield p]  hive may 
decrease some:at z ! numb] ( colonies   
increases1 because  ( ! dang] ( laun*+ 9
 ! bus9ess on a l>ge scale4 ,! be/      
insurance aga9/ loss is a ?or\gh /udy & 
und]/&+ ( all !  details by ! practice (

 bee-keep+ on a small scale = a t]m (   
ye>s fir/4    ,i may say t ! income f ! 
bees aid$ n a little 9 help+  me ?r\gh  
college1 & ,i may say1 also1 )\t        
exagg]ation t  ?is int]e/ 9 bees by "o  
en?usia/ic /ud5t help$ 9 no small       
degree t[>d ! inauguration ( a c\rse 9  
bee-keep+ at our own  ,ohio ,/ate       
,univ]sity4 ,to make ! /ory complete ,i 
?9k ,i %\ld add  t ! writ] ( ?is article
 is at pres5t engag$ z assi/ant 9       
apiculture1 do+ exp]im5tal "w 9         
apiculture 9 ! gov]nm5t  api>ies at     
,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4    ,!re is opportunity
 = ^? :o wi% to take up "s problem      
relat+ to apiculture z a subject (      
inve/igation1 & !  agricultural colleges
 & exp]im5t /ations w no d\bt 9 !       
future give m & m att5tion to !         
inve/igation ( problems  relat$ to ?is  
int]e/+ & pr(itable pursuit4            
,,ar?ur ,h4 ,,mccray          ,,viii    
,,rais+ ,,silkworms      ,al?\gh        
silkworms are n actually re>$ 9 ! op5   
air1 !re is s  mu* outdoor "w & mod]ate 

ex]cise connect$ ) _! c>e t  ! subject  
may prop]ly be includ$ 9 a book on      
outdoor "w4    ,! be/ food = silkworms  
is ! leaf ( ! :ite mulb]ry4 ,if y  h    
already a h$ge ( ?is or sev]al trees y c
 beg9 at once4  ,if n1 sev]al ye>s mu/  
elapse :ile y raise y\r prelim9>y  crop 
( mulb]ry trees f se$s or cutt+s4 ,x is 
useless to buy  silkworm eggs if y h n !
 :]e)al to fe$ y\r infant  cat]pill>s4  
,y may n ?9k ( go+ into silkworm re>+ 9 
a  comm]cial way b only z an int]e/+ bit
 ( nature /udy4 ,:y n  make up "s neat  
attractive cases1 ea* conta9+ a little  
collection  illu/rat+ ! f\r /ages ( !   
gr[? ( ?is insect8 ,heat a few  eggs to 
de/roy life1 !n glue !m to a c>d2       
pres]ve a cat]pill>  9 a vial ( alcohol2
 glue a cocoon to a c>d2 p9 & spread two
 (  ! mo?s1 a male & a female1 & p9 !m  
into ! box4 ,f su*  a box s*ool *ildr5 w
 get a f> m def9ite idea ( insect       
metamorphosis ?an !y w ev] get f a book 
on zology4 ,su*  little collections     
ought to sell well 9 s*ools :]e nature  

/udy1  zology1 or agriculture is taught4
    ,! mulb]ry silkworm makes ! be/     
silk1 al?\gh x is by no means  ! only   
silk-sp9n+ insect4 ,e n[ & !n we read ( 
"s "o  :o is exp]im5t+ ) ! silk ( our   
,am]ican or giant silkworms1  ! ,prome!a
 or ! ,cecropia1 or ) ! silk spun by    
spid]s4  ,b none z yet comp>es ) ,bombyx
 mori 9 ei!r quantity or  quality ( its 
product or 9 ease ( re>+ or 9 reel+ ( ! 
silk4    ,! adult mo? lays betwe5 ?ree &
 sev5 hundr$ eggs dur+ !  fir/ ?ree days
 aft] %e em]ges f h] cocoon4 ,9 a week  
or t5  days %e dies1 h] "w f9i%$4 ,mo?s 
9 ! wild /ate are at "s  pa9s to deposit
 _! eggs on ! fav\rite food plant ( _!  
"y1  b 9 ! case ( ,bombyx mori ?is      
in/9ct has be5 lo/ 9 !  c\ntless ye>s ( 
dome/ication4 ,! eggs1 :5 laid1 are moi/
 )  a sort ( glue :i* secures !m to !   
surface ^u :i* !y are  deposit$4 ,! w9t]
 is pass$ 9 ! egg /age4 ,a cool1 dry    
place is  safe/ = !m1 :]e no sudd5      
*anges ( temp]ature are possible4  ,a   
/eady temp]ature ( ?irty-five degrees is

 ideal1 & !y mu/  be enclos$ 9 some?+ t 
is m\se pro(1 ?\gh n air-tight4 ,a      
p]=at$ t9 box is "r = ?is purpose4      
,silkworm eggs = /udy  may be obta9$ f  
deal]s 9 miscellane\s insects1 birds1   
animals1  etc4    ,z spr+ approa*es y   
mu/ wat* ! mulb]ry leaves & make y\r    
prep>ations4 ,any room 9 :i* temp]ature 
& v5tilation c be  regulat$ w s]ve =    
re>+ silkworms4 ,y %\ld h "s racks  made
 ( lattice "w1 & %elves1 op5 to ! air1  
on :i* to place  !m4 ,i h se5 a         
clo!s-horse1 ) racks re/+ ^u ! rungs1   
us$ = ?is4 ,a supply ( *eap wrapp+ pap] 
or newspap]s %\ld  be on h& to put on ! 
%elves1 & "s co>se nett+1 ! use (  :i* w
 be describ$ lat]4 ,d n make ! mi/ake ( 
gett+ too  _m eggs4 ,an ounce does n    
seem l v mu*1 b ! well-gr[n  worms f an 
ounce ( eggs ought to h at lea/         
sev5ty-five squ>e  y>ds ( %elf space4   
,!y w require dur+ ! fir/ six days  only
 elev5 p\nds ( leaves1 six meals a day1 
b dur+ ! eight  days j be=e sp9n+ !y w  
require ov] half a ton ( food4  ,imag9e 

lugg+ 9 two hundr$ weight ( fre% mulb]ry
 leaves five  times a day to fe$ ^!     
rav5\s ?+s s dep5d5t ^u y6              
,illu/ration3 ,movable frame & light    
%elves = fe$+ silkworms    ,w>m? &      
moi/ure are requir$ = hat*+ ! eggs4 ,z !
 spr+  advances & ! mulb]ry %[s signs ( 
putt+ =? its leaves1 !  silkworm eggs   
%\ld be spread ?9ly on %eets ( pap] on !
 %elves  9 a temp]ature ( ab\t          
fifty-five degrees ,fahr4 ,! temp]ature 
%\ld be increas$ aft] ?ree or f\r days &
 gradually rais$ to  sev5ty-?ree degrees
 ,fahr4 ,spr9kle ! floor to make ! air  
moi/1  b d n wet ! eggs4 ,at ?is        
temp]ature hat*+ w take place  aft] ab\t
 t5 days' "t4 ,wat* ! eggs4 ,:5 !y beg9 
to :it5  y mu/ get to "w1 z ! fir/ worms
 w soon be out4 ,take two  ?icknesses ( 
co>se tulle or bob9et cut ! size ( !    
racks4 ,*op  "s "y1 t5d] mulb]ry leaves 
v f9e4 ,scatt] a ?9 lay] (  ^! bits ov] 
! clo? & lightly lay x ov] ! hat*+ eggs4
  ,no soon] d ! "y silkworms become aw>e
 ( ! pres5ce ( _!  fav\rite vegetable   

?an !y make _! way to x1 com+ up ?r\gh  
! holes ( ! bob9et z easily z roll+ (f a
 log4 ,!y are  t9y creatures4 ,eight (  
!m laid end to end w\ld h>dly measure an
  in*4 ,z hat*+ usually takes place 9 ! 
morn+1 by t5 o'clock  ! worms w all h   
crawl$ ?r\gh ! nett+ to ! leaves on  !  
upp] lay] ( ! net4 ,?is c n[ be         
transf]r$ to ! re>+  %elf4 ,! nett+ %\ld
 be kept well /ret*$1 z ! worms may  be 
injur$ if buri$ d[n among/ ! leaf bits4 
,all ?r\gh life  silkworms mu/ be h&l$ )
 extreme c>e4 ,if necess>y to lift any  
individual f "o %elf to ano!r x %\ld be 
done ) t5d]e/  t\*4 ,r\gh treatm5t is   
fatal4    ,illu/ration3 ,a clo!s-horse  
fitt$ ) racks = fe$+ silkworms    ,= "y 
worms ! newly op5$ leaves are ! be/4 ,z 
!y gr[  old] _! ta/es *ange & ! m mature
 leaves may be giv54 ,a  quantity (     
leaves may be ga!r$ at "o "t & kept     
fre%4 ,!  leaves !mselves %\ld nev] be  
put into wat]4 ,prep>e ! food  by remov+
 ! foliage y int5d to fe$ f ! /ems4 ,!n 
*op  or cut x into f9e %r$s4 ,six times 

a day a small quantity ( !  prep>$ leaf 
%\ld be spr9kl$ lightly ov] ! nett+4    
,l o!r cat]pill>s1 silkworms %$ _! sk9s 
at c]ta9  int]vals4 ,! six-day p]iod    
betwe5 hat*+ & ! fir/ m\lt  is call$ !  
fir/ age4 ,on ! f\r? day x is be/ to    
*ange  ! b$s1 z ! dropp+s f ! worms & ! 
litt] ( uneat5  leaves are n heal?y = ! 
m\lt+ cat]pill>s4 ,spread fre%  leaves  
on nets & place ov] ! worms 9 ! ev5+4   
,by morn+ all  w be ready = ! clean %elf
 & d\bl$ space4 ,z ! six? day           
approa*es1 ! worms lose appetite & cease
 to move ab\t4 ,f9ally  ! sk9 :it5s1 !  
head seems to gr[ l>g]1 & ea* little    
creature pulls himself out ( 8 old sk9 &
 f9ds himself clad 9 a  new suit4 ,i    
imag9e he mu/ feel v mu* z a boy does :5
 on !  fir/ really w>m day 9 ,april 8 "m
 all[s him to %$ 8 w9t]  und]we>1 get 8 
hair cut %ort1 & we> 8 summ] bl\se &    
knick]s4    ,! "y worm1 h[ev]1 does n   
feel v lively at fir/4 ,no food  %\ld be
 giv5 = sev]al h\rs4 ,:5 signs ( wak+   
are evid5t1  food %\ld be giv5 & ! worms

 transf]r$ to clean %elves by  means ( !
 nets4 ,on ! ?ird day !y %\ld be *ang$  
to fre%  pap]s4 ,f\r meals a day are    
ne$$ by ! cat]pill>s at ?is "t4  ,!     
second age is %ort] ?an ! fir/1 be+ only
 f\r or five days4  ,! sk9 n[ *anges 9  
col\r f gray to yell[i% :ite4 ,aft] !   
second m\lt _! food ne$ n be cut mu*1 b 
!y require a lot (  x1 z !y %\ld d\ble  
_! size dur+ ! ?ird age1 :i* la/s  six  
or sev5 days4 ,if ! wea!r is pretty w>m 
_! developm5t is  fa/]4 ,!y %\ld nev] be
 cr[d$ nor all[$ to g hungry4 ,always   
*ange to clean %elves :5 ! dead leaves &
 excrem5t become !  lea/ (f5sive4 ,?is  
od\r1 :i* y c escape by leav+ ! room1   
may be deadly to y\r pets4 ,!y are      
helpless to escape x1 & are  entirely at
 y\r m]cy4    ,dur+ ! f\r? age1 i4 e41  
aft] ! ?ird m\lt1 give m space  & fe$   
small bran*es ) leaves on4 ,always      
remove e b]ry f  ! mulb]ry bran*es or ! 
worms w eat !m & be made sick4  ,_!     
appetites are enorm\s1 _! gr[? rapid4   
,*ange ! b$s f\r  times dur+ ?is p]iod (

 n9e days4    ,illu/ration3 ,a rack or  
ladd] = silkworms to sp9 on    ,aft] !  
f\r? m\lt ! worms pass into ! la/ age4  
,five or six  days ( voraci\s fe$+ br+s 
!m ne> t mo/ dramatic ev5t  9 _!        
lives--! cocoon sp9n+4 ,= ?ree days1 n[1
 in/ead  ( eat+ /eadily !y w&] aimlessly
 ab\t1 z if seek+ !y  "k n :at2 !y wag  
_! heads2 !y behave 9 an altoge!r       
re/less & unc]ta9 way4 ,is x "s mortal  
ailm5t or m]e  weakness ( intellect8 ,y 
are expect+ ?is & h prep>$  = x be=eh&4 
,!y w n ne$ to se>* long = a place to   
m\nt & sp9 9 safety & security _! cocoon
 ( %9+ silv]y  silk4 ,f>m]s' ,bullet91  
,no4 #afe1 recomm5ds ! use ( small1     
clean1  leafless bru% ti$ toge!r into   
bundles & fa/5$ betwe5 !  %elves 9 r[s a
 foot or s ap>t4 ,"s use a sort ( rack  
or ladd]  ( n>r[ /rips ( wood :i* %\ld  
be plac$ upright on ! %elf  :]e ! worms 
c easily f9d x4 ,!y sp9 betwe5 ! slats4 
,any  worms :i* seem n to be ready to   
sp9 ) ! o!rs %\ld be f$  until !y1 too1 
feel ! impulse to travel4    ,z !       

process ( sp9n+ takes "s h\rs1 !re w be 
no  difficulty 9 obs]v+ x f />t to f9i%4
 ,y are entitl$ to  ?is exhibition1 =1  
)\t y\r con/ant c>e & fe$+1 ^!          
creatures w\ld n h be5 able to develop4 
,! dull1 inactive  silkworm has acquir$ 
wond]ful agility1 & )\t practice is able
  to weave himself into 8 sleep+ bag )  
a/oni%+ cel]ity1  reel+ out 8 twelve    
hundr$ or sixte5 hundr$ y>ds ( silk 9 "o
  cont9u\s ?read4 ,!re are no knots or  
k9ks 9 x4 ,x is inaccurate  z well z r  
silly to ref] to ! cocoon z a %r\d or   
burial  casket1 z "s d4 ,! creature     
inside is j z mu* alive z ev]  x 04     
,! cocoons ) ! live pup inside are call$
 gre5 cocoons4 ,to  prep>e !m = m>ket !y
 are usually subject$ to heat ei!r 9  ! 
ov5 or by /eam+4 ,no wat] %\ld t\* !    
cocoons1 nei!r  %\ld ! ov5 be hot en\gh 
to br[n !m4 ,aft] heat+ !y %\ld  be dri$
 9 ! sun or o!r heat4 ,op5 "o :5 y ?9k  
!y may be  dry2 if !y are1 ! pup inside 
c be rubb$ into p[d] ) !  f+]s4 ,a good 
price p] p\nd is paid = dri$ cocoons1 b 

x takes  five hundr$ or m to weigh a    
p\nd4    ,if y h nev] se5 a mo? em]ge f 
its cocoon y %\ld keep  sev]al ( y\r    
cocoons4 ,9 eighte5 or tw5ty days ! mo? 
comes out1  usually 9 e>ly morn+4       
,invite y\r fri5ds to h a look1 too4    
,mu/  ! mo? break ! ?reads 9 gett+ out1 
or is ! cocoon wov5 9  a mann] to       
provide a gateway :5 x %all be ne$$8 ,h[
 does !  creature get out anyway1 & :at 
is x l :5 x fir/ arrives 9  ! op58      
,wond]ful happ5+s mu/ h be5 go+ on      
inside to make  a w+$ mo? out ( t nak$  
cat]pill>4 ,some?+ left 9 !  cocoon     
rattles :5 y %ake x4 ,exam9e ! dri$ ball
 & y w  recognize 9 x ! ca/-(f clo!s1   
hat1 coat1 socks1 & boots t  he _h on :5
 he %ut himself 94 ,!re1 too1 is ! br[n 
%ell he  wore z a pupa4 ,y may ?9k y "k 
^! ?+s by read+ ab\t  !m1 b y d n1      
really4 ,he>say is n ! real ?+ 9 any    
realm ( life1 lea/ ( all 9 ! realm (    
nature4          ,,ix    ,,mak+         
,,collections      ,,plants    ,collect+
 plants has always be5 an important     

feature ( practical  sci5tific "w4      
,great sums ( money & _m ye>s ( "t h be5
  sp5t 9 se>*+ ?r\gh little-explor$     
c\ntries = new plants4  ,ag5ts ( _m     
gov]nm5ts1 repres5tatives ( great nurs]y
 companies  ( ?is & o!r c\ntries are all
 ! "t look+1 look+1 (t5  at ! co/ ( !   
greate/ h>d%ip1 = new plants4 ,:y is    
?is8 ,n  z y w readily conclude1 m]ely  
to add new specim5s to museum           
collections1 nor m]ely to f9d & "n a new
 species1 ?\gh "s  collectors are 9 !   
field = ^! purely sci5tific reasons4  ,b
 our ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture is on !   
look\t = new plants  f =eign p>ts :i* w 
be comm]cially valuable to u4 ,our      
ent]pris+ nurs]ym5 are aft] ! same game4
 ,at ! pres5t "t  v great int]e/ is be+ 
tak5 9 plants f we/]n ,*9a1 a  va/ &    
little-explor$ region4 ,/rangely en\gh1 
! plants f  t f> away c\ntry seem to be 
peculi>ly fitt$ to ?rive "h1 &  :ile !  
gov]nm5t & ! nurs]ym5 are tell+ ! p ab\t
  ^! new plants1 ! botani/s are try+ to 
discov] ! reasons :y  ,asiatic plants   

fit our conditions bett] ?an ! plants ( 
,europe seem  to4    ,! mak+ (          
collections ( plants1 !n1 is a big1     
important "w1  & well wor? ! :ile ( any 
boy or girl4 ,if y w\ld read  /ories (  
excit+ adv5tures1 n>r[ escapes1 ?rill+  
enc\nt]s  amid romantic surr\nd+s1 read 
"s ( ! acc\nts ( sci5tific              
explorations4 ,! collectors ( plants &  
insects 9 ! ,philipp9es1  ,c5tral ,asia1
 little-kn[n isl&s ( ! f> ,ea/1 & su*   
wild  nations1 mu/ ne$s be m5 ( val\r1 &
 to "k any "o ( !m is a  lib]al         
education4    ,mak+ a collection (      
plants is probably n ! be/ way to ar\se 
an int]e/ 9 outdoor life4 ,inde$ x 0    
made su* a deadly dull  bus9ess = me t  
my e>ly int]e/ 0 entirely nipp$ 9 ! bud 
& lay dormant _m1 _m ye>s4 ,collect+ is 
"o ( ! recogniz$  & useful ways (       
introduc+ ourselves to our neighb\rs ( !
  vegetable k+dom4 ,liv+ 9 a            
plant-infe/$ _w z we are elect$  to d1  
eat+ plants1 we>+ _! products1 utiliz+  
!m 9 all  our arts1 buy+ & sell+ !m     

daily1 unable to get ?r\gh an h\r  ( !  
day )\t be+ con/antly rem9d$ ( our      
entire dep5d5ce  ^u ! memb]s ( !        
vegetable k+dom1 :at is m natural ?an  t
 we %\ld wi% to "k !m8 ,to "k _! names  
is n ! end  & aim ( plant /udy4 ,! "n is
 a conv5i5t h&le = a plant4  ,x enables 
y to talk ab\t ! plant to o!rs )\t !    
necessity  ( a l5g?y description4 ,x    
enables y to read und]/&+ly :at  o!r    
/ud5ts h said ab\t ! plant 9 books4 ,x  
is only !  beg9n+1 l ! introduction to a
 /rang]4 ,to make ( a /rang] a  fri5d1 y
 mu/ "k some?+ ( 8 family1 ( 8 relation 
to !  re/ ( ! _w1 h[ he lives1 gets a   
liv+1 h[ he makes use ( 8  faculties1   
:at are 8 peculi>ities1 8 habits1 8     
environm5t1  9 fact all ab\t him4 ,9    
discov]+ ! "n ( a plant by use ( a      
botanical key y le>n a few b n all ( ^! 
?+s4    ,z ) "s p s ) "s plants1 ! m y  
"k ( !m !  less y ?9k ( !m2 ! less y wi%
 to h to d ) !m4 ,take  poison ivy = an 
example4 ,kn[+ its *>act]i/ics y pass x 
by  )\t t\*+ x4 ,y obs]ve x f af> (f1 s 

z to be able to  w>n o!rs ( its         
:]eab\ts4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if y _h only    
kn[n well ! giant puff-ball y s wantonly
 cru%$ "u y\r heel1  y might h enjoy$ a 
delici\s supp] ( cream$ mu%rooms4       
,mak+ a collection ( plants is an       
extremely simple job4 ,! mat]ials  ne$$ 
are n exp5sive nor h>d to get4 ,"h is a 
li/ ( :at is  requir$ = a beg9n]'s      
collection3    7#a7 ,a doz5 or s        
newspap]s4    7#b7 ,dri]s1 two or ?ree  
doz51 #ab  #ah in*es4    7#c7 ,two      
bo>ds1 #ab  #ah in*es4    7#d7 ,a /one (
 tw5ty to ?irty p\nds weight4    7#e7   
,m\nt+ pap]4    7#f7 ,g5us cov]s4       
,cut ! newspap]s into half %eets4 ,ea*  
specim5 is to be plac$ 9 a  fold$ piece 
( ?is4 ,! dri]s may be *eap blott+ pap] 
or pieces  ( c>pet felt1 cut to ! desir$
 size4    ,arrange a specim5 j z x 0    
tak5 f ! gr\nd1 inside (  "o ( ! half   
pages ( newspap]4 ,:ile x is n desirable
 to put  too mu* "t on ! arrangem5t (   
ea* specim51 x is z well to  place x 9 a
 natural position & 9 su* a way t !     

leaves w  n lie all ov] ea* o!r & !     
fl[]s be cr[d$ s t !  appe>ance w be    
awkw>d4 ,b d n ov]do ?is3 if a fl[]     
droops  naturally1 d n make x /ick      
upright4 ,) "o ( ! bo>ds z a  f\ndation 
build y\r pile ( press+ plants up z     
foll[s3 ,lay on  two or m dri]s1 !n a   
fold$ newspap] hold+ a specim51 !n a    
dri] or two4 7,if ! specim5 is a juicy  
?+1 sev]al blott]s are  ne$$ betwe5 x & 
! next "o47 ,n[ ano!r specim51 a dri]1 a
  specim51 etc41 until y are ?r\gh ) !  
day's collect+1 or  until ! pile beg9s  
to topple4 ,f9i% ) a dri]1 !n put on !  
o!r bo>d1 & weight x ) y\r big /one4    
,! dri]s mu/ be *ang$ e day4 ,d n di/urb
 ! specim5s1 b  lift ea* fold$ newspap] 
f ! old to ! new pile1 build+ up  ) fre%
 dri]s z be=e4 ,9 a week or t5 days mo/ 
plants w be  ?or\ghly dry4 ,if at all   
moi/ !y are likely to m\ld aft] be+     
m\nt$ & y\r "w w be spoil$4 ,a dri$     
specim5 is brittle &  ne$s c>eful h&l+4 
,m\nt+ pap]1 to be /&>d & uni=m1 %\ld be
 :ite1 pla9  pap] ( a v heavy quality4  

,x co/s a c5t a %eet1 size elev5  & "o  
half by sixte5 & "o f\r? in*es4 ,no o!r 
size w\ld be  acceptable if y wi% at "s 
lat] "t to donate y\r collection to  !  
local museum or to sell x to "s s*ool4  
,!re are sev]al ways ( fa/5+ specim5s to
 ! %eet4 ,"s  l to use little /rips (   
gumm$ pap] or c\rt-pla/]1 b  old-fa%ion$
 glue is ab\t ! mo/ satisfactory /uff4  
,x is mussy to  "w ) till y get y\r h&  
91 b x holds ! plants fa/ to  ! %eet1 & 
t's ! int9tion4 ,x is be/ to keep !     
specim5s  9 ! newspap] wrapp]s until y h
 a lot ready to m\nt4 ,!n  ) a pot (    
glue1 a dry clo?1 a damp "o1 & a small  
bru% y are  ready = bus9ess4 ,lift !    
specim5 f ! newspap] & lay x  fir/ on ! 
m\nt+ %eet to get "s idea be=eh& ( h[ y 
w  place x4 ,y may h to prune x "s to   
get x all on1 b ?is is  n likely z y\r  
dry+ %eets are ! same size z y\r m\nt+  
pap]4 ,hav+ decid$ at :at angle to place
 x1 lay ! specim5 back  on ! newspap]   
upside d[n4 ,) y\r bru% wet1 b n dripp+1
  ) glue1 bru% ! /ems1 buds1 leaves1 &  

fl[]s lightly ov] !  back4 ,lift x aga91
 turn+ x ov] z y transf] x to ! :ite    
%eet4 ,) a light pressure make ! p>ts   
fa/ & lay ! %eet  aside = ! glue to dry4
    ,small specim5s %\ld occupy a place 
j a little bel[ ! c5tre (  ! %eet1 & if 
m ?an "o specim5 is requir$ to %[ all   
p>ts  !y may be arrang$ on ! %eet z _!  
v>i\s %apes & sizes  look be/4          
,illu/ration3 ,plants %\ld be m\nt$ on  
pap] #af  #aa in*es    ,a few facts %\ld
 accompany ea* plant to refre% y\r      
memory ( t  specim5 :5 y come to /udy x 
lat]4 ,^! facts %\ld h be5  record$ by y
 9 :atev] way y l & ref]r$ to ! specim5 
by a numb] :ile 9 ! press4 ,f9ally ea*  
m\nt$ specim5 %\ld  h its label1 be>+ ! 
"n ( ! plant1 ! collector's "n1  ! date 
collect$1 locality1 & any useful        
in=mation reg>d+ x4  ,glue ! label into 
! l[] "r-h& corn]1 :i* %\ld always be   
res]v$ = t purpose4    ,^! loose %eets1 
cov]$ ) m\nt$ specim5s1 mu/ n be all[$  
to lie 9 a %elf or draw] unprotect$4    
,ea* gr\p ( !m %\ld be  put into a fold$

 %eet ( manilla pap]4 ,su* a hold] is   
call$ a  g5us cov]4 ,its size1 fold$1 is
 elev5 & ?ree f\r?s by sixte5  & "o half
 in*es4    ,?is ^w g5us sugge/s t 9 "t !
 collector is go+ to be  able s to      
classify 8 specim5s t ea* g5us cov] may 
conta9  only plants s closely relat$ "o 
to ano!r t !y are ( ! same  botanical   
g5us4 ,! beg9n] ne$ n be s]i\sly di/urb$
 if !re  are _m plants 9 8 collection t 
he does n "k ! names (  yet4 ,!         
collection is = /udy or x is wor? no?+4 
,kn[+ plants  is m important ?an kn[+   
names4 ,y _c h&le plants mu*  & obs]ve  
!m 9 _! places )\t notic+ h[ diff]5t !y 
are4 ,!n y beg9 to see t "s are m l ?an 
o!rs4 ,?is  is ! beg9n+ (               
classification4 ,y ne$ n "k ev5 ! common
  names ( ! plants to d ?is1 al?\gh y w 
"k "s1 ( c\rse4  ,pr(essor ,bailey says3
 ,le>n fir/ to classify plants2 names w 
foll[4 ,look = resemblances1 & gr\p     
plants r\nd "s well-kn[n  k9d4 ,look =  
sunfl[]-l plants1 lily-l1 rose-l1 m9t-l1
  mu/>d-l1 pea-l1 c>rot-l plants4 ,^!   

great gr\ps are  families4    ,aft] y h 
h&l$ y\r common plants a good deal y w  
be  surpris$ to f9d h[ easily y c guess 
at "o's family1 & guess  "r4    ,:5 y h 
rea*$ ?is /age 9 y\r collect+ y w feel t
  y ne$ "s book to guide y & act z a    
*eck on y\r /udies4 ,all  ! books       
m5tion$ 9 ! li/s 9 ?is book are useful =
 beg9n]s4  ,if y f9d a book :i* pret5ds 
to take ! place ( ! plants  !mselves1 y 
w\ld bett] ?r[ y\r money away ?an buy x4
 ,in/ead  ( help+ x w h9d] y\r progress4
 ,y w f9d 9 beg9n]s'  botanies :at is   
kn[n z a key4 ,n[1 a key is obvi\sly to 
unlock  some?+ )4 ,if y _h a door key   
:i* turn$ ) difficulty1 or  fitt$ ! lock
 imp]fectly y w\ld be sure to h x       
repair$ or  get a m mod]n "o4 ,"s ( !   
old botanical keys seem to be ru/y  & x 
is difficult to use !m4 ,*oose ! key t  
works mo/ easily4    ,9 mak+ a key =    
classify+ plants "o beg9s by divid+ !   
:ole  vegetable k+dom into two big      
dep>tm5ts1 ?us3    ,a4 ,plants :i* nev] 
h fl[]s4    ,,aa4 ,plants :i* d h fl[]s4

    ,z y\r specim5s are all ( ! fl[]+   
k9d we %all = !  pres5t =get all ab\t ! 
o!rs & beg9 to divide our big gr\p  ,,aa
 into small] gr\ps4 ,?is is h[ x is     
done3    ,,aa4 ,fl[]+ plants4    ,b4    
,fl[]s n %[y1 se$s 9 cones 7usually71   
leaves ne$le--or  scale-l1 ev]gre5      
7usually74    ,,bb4 ,fl[]s %[y1 se$s n 9
 cones1 leaves ( v>i\s %apes1  decidu\s 
7usually74    ,y w see t 9 divid+ a gr\p
 x is important t ,a is j  ! opposite ( 
,,aa1 & ,b is j ! opposite ( ,,bb1 & t !
  place to look = ,,bb is j ! same      
di/ance ov] f ! m>g9  ( ! page z ,b     
al?\gh x may n be on ! same page1 if !re
  are a great _m divisions "u ,b4 ,^!   
little ?+s make ! key  easi] to use ?an 
! old-fa%ion$ ones 74 ,"s p /ill use    
botanical keys z m5tal gymna/ics b ,i d 
n believe 9 t4 ,aft]  all y are /udy+   
plants n keys4    ,y w want to g back to
 ! gr\p we call$ ,a1 = to !  non-fl[]+  
plants belong ! lovely f]ns :i* mu/     
c]ta9ly  grace y\r collection4 ,?is is a
 delightful gr\p to /udy & x is         

possible ) a reasonable am\nt ( p]si/5ce
 & by ex*ang+ )  f]n collectors 9 o!r   
p>ts ( ! c\ntry to get a v ne>ly if  n  
q1 complete collection ( native =ms4    
,only "o hundr$ &  sixty-five ( ! f\r   
?\s& species ( f]ns are native to !     
,unit$ ,/ates4 ,su* a collection %\ld be
 v valuable4    ,"s boys & girls lose   
int]e/ 9 collect+ plants aft] ! fir/    
season1 especially if !y h done well !  
fir/ ye> & secur$  mo/ ( ! species 9 _! 
locality4 ,if ! opportunity to collect  
else:]e does n come ! next spr+ !re c be
 no?+ m  int]e/+ ?an to try to get !    
same ?+s y already h1 b  9 "s o!r /age (
 _! gr[?4 ,= example3 mo/ collections  w
 h sev]al k9ds ( violets1 blue1 :ite &  
yell[1 9 all !  beauty ( _! fl[]+4 ,b   
:oev] ?\ght ( gett+ "o t  %[$ ! se$     
pods8 ,:at is a violet's se$ pod l      
anyh[8 ,is !  se$ pod ( ! :ite "o l t ( 
! yell[8 ,are ! se$ pods  ( "o plant all
 alike8 ,:5 d ! pods op5 & h[8 ,h[ d !  
se$s g]m9ate & :58 ,^! & o!r que/ions   
are wait+ to be  answ]$ by e plant 9 y\r

 collection4 ,w\ld x n be f9e to  "k !  
pure :ite trillium 9 midsumm] :5 x has  
gr[n a leaf  ne>ly a foot across & has a
 r$ fle%y se$ case ?ru/ up :]e x  w be  
conspicu\s8 ,"s plants are f> m %[y 9   
fruit ?an 9  fl[] & y w beg9 to see :y  
^! & o!r ?+s are true z  y c>ry on y\r  
/udies ?r\gh\t ! ye>4    ,_m a tea*] (  
botany is =c$ to dep5d ^u pictures :5 %e
  wi%es to tea* *ildr5 to discrim9ate   
betwe5 two k9ds ( leaves1  k9ds ( roots1
 k9ds ( /ems1 k9ds ( infloresc5ce4 ,:at 
a boon  to ^? tea*]s w\ld be a          
collection put up to illu/rate !        
lessons z !y came along6 ,i wond] if !re
 is n a m>ket = su*  collections 9      
s*ools :]e no h]b>iums are made or kept4
    ,= little *ildr51 mak+ blue pr9ts is
 delightful occupation4 ,i  knew a *ild 
( f\r :o le>n$ to recognize ! leaves (  
mo/ ( !  common trees "o spr+ by means (
 ?is "w1 & %e did e bit  ( x alone4 ,a  
small pr9t+ frame1 blue pr9t pap] ( !   
requir$  size1 & pl5ty ( wat] is all t  
is requir$4 ,a *ild soon le>ns  to use  

good judgm5t 9 pr9t+1 expos+ ! frame j  
long en\gh  to get a f9e blue4 ,! outl9e
 ( ! leaf comes out di/9ctly 9  :ite    
aga9/ a blue backgr\nd4 ,! pr9ts %\ld be
 ?or\ghly wa%$  & may be dri$ on panes (
 glass4    ,! blue pr9ts ( leaves & (   
fl[]s d n %[ any?+ b !  outl9es1 (      
c\rse4 ,leaf pr9ts ( o!r k9ds are made  
:i* br+  out ! ve9+ z well4 ,! outfit = 
?is "w is simple4 ,two pr9t  roll]s1 a  
pane ( glass1 & a tube ( pr9t]s' ink1   
%eets ( pap]  to pr9t ^u1 & leaves4 ,put
 a small quantity ( ! ink on ! clean    
glass1 & "w x into a ?9 film ov] !      
surface4 ,lay a leaf ^u  ?is film ( ink 
& g ov] x ) ! inky roll]4 ,transf] !    
leaf to a %eet ( pap] & cov] ) a second 
%eet4 ,"o :irl (  ! clean roll] ought to
 give y ! desir$ pr9t4 ,x is surpris+   
h[ delicate & true ^! are & h[ p]fectly 
!y %[ !  *>act]i/ic m>g91 ind5tations1  
v5ation1 & ev5 some?+ (  ! texture ( ea*
 leaf4 ,a little practice makes "o able 
to make  impressions :i* are l leaf     
%ad[s1 s delicate & lace-l c  ^! pr9ts  

be made4 ,x is an excell5t way ( fix+ ! 
leaf =ms  9 ! memory1 z well z 9 !      
note-book4    ,9 mak+ a collection (    
plants ! same rules ( ! game %\ld  hold 
good z 9 collect+ insects & o!r natural 
objects4 ,take only  :at y ne$4 ,d n    
uproot & leave to die ! ne> neighb\rs ( 
! specim5s y select4 ,! tak+ ( r>e      
specim5s is disc\rag$4  ,i %all nev]    
=get ! look ( indignation our de> old   
pr(essor  gave an ambiti\s y\? :o _h    
uproot$ = 8 paltry collection  e plant (
 a species ( r>e f]n :i* ! pr(essor _h  
be5  try+ = ye>s to re-e/abli% 9 its old
 location4 ,aft] all is said  & done1 a 
live plant is bett] ?an a dead "o4 ,?is 
is all a "p  ( ! great _s ( cons]vation 
t has s tak5 possession (  our p ( late 
ye>s4 ,out ( ^! little acts ( pres]v+   
our  res\rces w gr[ a m beautiful       
,am]ica & a bett] appreciation  ( all   
?+s beautiful4      ,,collect+          
,,sea-,,we$s    ,e *ild ought to be     
famili> ) t musical poem ( ,p]cival's   
beg9n+3        ,deep 9 ! sea is a coral 

grove1      ,:]e ! purple mullet &      
goldfi% rove4    ,& !n :5 ! *ild gr[s   
bigg] he %\ld h an opportunity to  g out
 9 a glass-bottom$ boat1 at ,santa      
,catal9a ,isl& or else:]e1  & see =     
himself t ^? yell[ & sc>let tufts (     
ocean1  b5d+ l corn on ! upl& lea1 are n
 pictures f a poet's  dream1 b beautiful
 realities4    ,sea-we$s are exquisite  
?+s & few p c resi/ ! temptation  to    
collect !m :5 sp5d+ a vacation at !     
bea*4 ,:5 go+ on  a collect+ trip = ^! x
 is well to take a net & two pails1  "o 
small en\gh to hold ! small] ?+s & c>ri$
 inside !  l>g]4 ,a heavy knife may be  
useful1 too4 ,! be/ "t is aft] !        
spr+-tides1 because at ! l[e/ ebb ( !   
wat] "o may f9d  =ms ( great beauty &   
bright] col\rs ?an else:]e4 ,! rocks1  !
 rubbi% left by ! tide1 ! pools1 !      
piles1 ! sea-wall1  ! surface ( ! waves 
!mselves1 are all good places to look = 
sea-we$s4 ,!y are few] on s&y bea*es ?an
 else:]e4 ,!y v>y 9  size f great1      
co>se1 lea!ry rock-we$s to ^? s delicate

 z  h>dly to be se5 at all4    ,sea-we$s
 are real plants1 belong+ to t great    
gr\p (  non-fl[]+ plants m5tion$ be=e4  
,!y are call$ alg4 ,!y d  n h true /ems 
& leaves1 nei!r d !y fe$ by means (     
roots4  ,_m ( !m are s %ap$ t !y appe>  
to h /ems1 roots1 &  leaves1 b z ^! p>ts
 d n d ! "w ( true /ems1 roots1 &       
leaves !y are n class$ z su*4 ,! root-l 
p>ts ( a sea we$  are usually simply    
hold-fa/s1 :i* an*or ! plant to ! rocks4
  ,alg :i* live 9 sea-wat] get _!       
n\ri%m5t f ! wat] :i*  wa%es _! entire  
surface4    ,:5 collect+ alg1 e specim5 
:i* is int5d$ = imm$iate  m\nt+ %\ld be 
kept cont9u\sly 9 sea-wat]4 ,?is is :at 
! pails are =4 ,e "p ( ! plant %\ld be  
tak51 z !  atta*m5t to ! rocks is z     
valuable z ! re/4 ,! knife is useful    
"h1 or a /aff ) a metal po9t1 = scrap+ !
 we$s (f !  rocks4    ,! natural elem5t 
( ! sea plant is sea-wat]4 ,d n put y\r 
specim5s into fre% wat] ev5 to wa% or   
r9se !m1 z !y w  lose "s ( _! beauty4   
,unless dri$ soon aft] ga!r+ !y w  decay

 & fade4 ,9 collect+1 try & get plants (
 v>i\s sizes ev5  ?\gh !y look alike4 ,!
 l>g] ones may be 9 ! fruit+ /age4  ,d  
y\r m\nt+ out ( doors if possible1 :]e y
 c h all !  bas9s ( sea-wat] y want &   
ne$ n be c>eful ab\t spill+4    ,if y\r 
collection ( sea we$s is = a regul>     
h]b>ium y %\ld  by all means h m\nt+    
pap] ( ! /&>d size & quality2  heavy    
:ite1 unrul$ pap]1 ( a quality :i* w /& 
wett+  )\t be+ spoil$1 elev5 & "o half  
by sixte5 & "o f\r?  in*es4 ,if y are   
m]ely mak+ a few s\v5irs ( y\r summ] at 
!  %ore1 y\r own ta/e is ! only ?+ to be
 consid]$4 ,y w  require g5us cov]s1    
labels1 etc41 j z = fl[]+ plants4  ,= ! 
"w ( m\nt+ y w want pl5ty ( dri]s1 "s   
pieces  ( musl9 ! same size1 %eets (    
/&>d size m\nt+ pap] z  describ$ above1 
a heavy ne$le fitt$ into a wood5 h&le1 a
 pair  ( =ceps1 scissors1 two smoo?     
bo>ds1 & weights4 ,= complete  enjoym5t 
( ! "w y w surely h a little magnify+   
glass1  = y\r press$ specim5s w nev] be 
z beautiful z ! fre% ones4              

,illu/ration3 ,sea we$ m\nt$ on pap] (  
/&>d size    ,) sev]al %all[ di%es (    
sea-wat] )9 easy rea* ( y\r  h&s1 & y\r 
pails ( specim5s float+ 9 sea-wat]1 y   
are ready  to beg94 ,select y\r fir/    
specim5 & lift x ) c>e f !  wat]4 ,dip x
 up & d[n g5tly 9 clean wat]4 ,e bit (  
matt]  t does n belong /rictly to t     
plant mu/ come (f1 & all  ! s& or o!r   
dirt4 ,let x spread out naturally 9 !   
wat] &  ) y\r scissors prune x to suit  
y\r purpose4 ,"s gr[ 9 su* a  bun* t !y 
w n %[ well on ! pap]1 o!rs may h to be 
trimm$ to get !m onto ! page4 ,d n1 (   
c\rse1 trim !m d[n  to look alike b     
pres]ve _! peculi>ities & *>act]i/ics4  
,! great *>m 9 a collection ( ?is k9d is
 9 its v>iety4 ,:5  ! plant is          
absolutely clean1 float x 9 a di% (     
clean wat]4 ,?is  la/ di% %\ld be a     
broad "o = n[ y are to slip y\r %eet (  
m\nt+ pap] "r into ! wat] & get ! plant 
onto x1 float+  x out 9 a natural       
attitude4 ,?is takes a knack1 y may be  
sure1 b  ! knack c be acquir$ )         

practice4 ,if y c provide y\rself  ) a  
pane ( glass to lay ! %eet ^u :5 y take 
x f !  wat] y w h ! be/ conditions4 ,"s 
p get along v  well ) a %all[ plate4 ,"s
 ( ! delicate p>ts w be c]ta9  to cl+   
toge!r z y lift !m out ( ! wat]1 b y c  
rem$y  t by dipp+ a few drops ( wat]    
onto !m & ) y\r ne$le y  c arrange !m z 
y wi%4 ,take y\r "t4 ,?is is n a job = a
  p]son 9 a hurri$ mood4 ,exam9e &      
admire ea* piece z y "w at  x4 ,make x  
y\rs = all "t1 al?\gh y may sell x !    
foll[+  day & nev] see x aga94 ,lay "o (
 y\r dri]s on ! l[] bo>d1  put a m\nt$  
specim5 all wet z x is1 on ?is1 !n      
spread ov] !  %eet a piece ( musl91 lay 
on ano!r dri]1 m\nt ano!r sea-we$1  cov]
 x ) clo? & s on y may build up y\r     
pile4 ,top x ) a  dri]1 put on ! second 
bo>d1 & y\r weight1 ( t5 p\nds or s4    
,co>se1 ?ick alg %\ld n be press$ 9 !   
same pile ) ! f9e  ones z !y w\ld make !
 pressure unev54 ,blott]s & clo?s mu/   
be *ang$ e day at fir/1 dri$ 9 ! sun to 
be ready = !  next day4 ,aft] two or    

?ree days ! clo?s may be tak5 (f1 & !   
plants left 9 press at lea/ a week      
long]1 *ang+ dri]s e day4  ,if y c set  
aside a regul> "t ea* day = ?is job1 x  
is n s  likely to be =gott54 ,m\ld+     
specim5s are v disappo9t+4    ,aft] "o  
has made a little collection ( sea-we$s 
all ! /ories  ab\t ! wond]s ( ! deep w  
take on a reality4 ,y w want to  read   
all y c f9d ab\t ! ,s>gasso ,sea1 :i*   
s\nds l a fairy  /ory4 ,maybe y h a     
specim5 ( ?is sea-we$ 9 y\r collection1 
maybe y h be5 =tunate en\gh to sail     
?r\gh t va/ acreage  ( vegetation z l>ge
 z ! cont95t ( ,europe1 ly+ s\?we/ (  ! 
,azores6 ,d y wond] t ! fir/ navigators1
 sail+ un*>t$  seas1 7 al>m$ by ?is va/ 
expanse & ?\ght ( c\rse !re  7 conceal$ 
%all[s b5ea? ! fea!ry fronds ( ?is gulf 
we$8  ,y mu/ read1 too1 ( "s ( ! giants 
( ! sea-we$ tribe2 !  devil's apron1 !  
sea-ott]'s cabbage1 ) its air-vessel z  
big  z a hog%ead1 & its /alk a sl5d]    
cord hundr$s ( feet 9 l5g?4  ,^! are all
 alg1 & s are ! microscopic plants :i*  

produce  t wond]ful phosphoresc5ce on ! 
surface ( ! ocean4 ,!re  are /ill       
unsolv$ my/]ies ab\t ^! plants & !re is 
always  a *ance t ! boys & girls :o     
collect sea-we$s to-day on !  bea* may 9
 ! ye>s to come read "s ( ! secrets n[  
hidd5 f  all eyes4 ,x is well wor? :ile 
to keep su* a big ?\ght 9 m9d  ev5 :ile 
do+ ! simple & easy "w ( m\nt+ specim5s4
      ,,collect+ ,,%ells    ,( all !    
k9ds ( collections ( natural objects t  
,i h se51  !re is none t has q s mu*    
beauty1 9 itself1 z a collection  (     
%ells4 ,h[ easily !y c be display$ 9 a  
cab9et = our  fri5ds to enjoy1 too1 & !y
 are nev] attack$1 s f> z ,i "k1  by :at
 we call museum pe/s1 ^? de/ructive     
little creatures :i*  make life a burd5 
to ! own]s ( collections ( insects1     
plants1  /uff$ birds1 & ! l4 ,p]haps !  
products ( ! sea possess an  especial   
*>m to ! l&lubb]1 b mo/ p admire %ells &
  love to h&le !m & to wond] :]e !y came
 f & :at k9d (  creatures built !m4     
,did any "o ev] visit ! %ore & come home

 )\t a pocket  bulg+ ) %ells8 ,or a big 
h&ful ti$ up 9 a grimy h&k]*ief8        
,probably t is ! way mo/ ( ! great      
collections 9 ! c\ntry  7 begun4 ,y c   
beg9 "o ?is summ] or any "t t y visit a 
bea*1 & add to x daily if y are sp5d+ ! 
summ] on ! %ore4  ,z y\r collection &   
y\r int]e/ gr[1 y c ex*ange specim5s    
common on y\r coa/ ) collectors :o live 
on ! o!r oceans &  ! ,gulf4 ,rememb] t e
 %ell is r>e until y get x 9 y\r  cab9et
 & :at is common z ! s& on y\r coa/ may 
be a r>ity 9  o!r p>ts ( ! _w4    ,y w  
probably beg9 y\r collection by pick+ up
 empty %ells  ( v>i\s sizes1 col\rs &   
%apes4 ,sometimes y w f9d a pair  /ill  
held toge!r by ! t\gh t5don t work$ !   
h+e :5 !  bivalve t built ! %ell 0 alive
 & go+ ab\t 8 affairs4  ,_m ( ^! w be   
worn by _! daily enc\nt] ) ! tide1 &  "s
 w be pi]c$ ) small r\nd holes too      
neatly gr\nd to h  be5 made by accid5t4 
,^! holes give y a h9t z to :y ?is %ell 
is empty = !y are ! "w ( a b& ( little  
pirates :i* live  by bor+ into _!       

neighb\rs & suck+ _! life-blood4 ,_m (  
! dead %ells are ^? ( animals :i* live  
f> out at sea or 9  ! deep wat] & h be5 
wa%$ a%ore :5 ! tide 0 high4  ,se>*     
along ! %ore :]e ! wat] has drift$ a l9e
 ( sea-wrack4  ,x looks l rubbi% at fir/
 glance b x is almo/ sure to hold  _m   
small %ells y w want1 "s ev5 f f>-(f    
coa/s4    ,! collector w n long be      
satisfi$ to ga!r only su* %ells  z he   
f9ds on ! bea*4 ,8 eyes are op5$4 ,:at  
seem$ to him at  fir/ a flat1 smoo?     
surface ( s& /rewn ) bits ( rubbi% &  a 
few %ells1 mo/ ( !m n wor? pick+ up1 has
 awak5$ into  life4 ,e pool has become z
 a village1 its inhabitants engag$ 9  a 
v>iety ( occupations4 ,! smoo? s& is    
inhabit$4 ,! c5tre (  population is d[n 
at ! l[-wat] l9e4 ,! rocks1 ! bridge    
pi]s1  ! :>f piles1 & ! sea-walls are   
se5 to be cov]$ ) liv+  ?+s4 ,n[        
collect+ beg9s 9 good e>ne/4    ,on !   
s&y bea* "o ne$s a net1 a sieve1 & a    
%ovel4 ,! be/  co/ume = su* "w is ! same
 z t worn :5 ba?+4 ,y w  ne$ to be 9 !  

wat] "p ( ! "t & w n wi% to be  hamp]$  
by anxiety z to clo?+4 ,! be/ "t to g is
 ! "t  y c g1 ( c\rse1 b y are m likely 
to f9d a great v>iety  ( ?+s at ! v l[e/
 tide4 ,y h he>d ( plant+ by !  moon & y
 are "r 9 suppos+ t ! moon has little   
influ5ce  on potatoes & cabbages4 ,b to 
g collect+ on ! sea-%ore by !  moon is q
 reasonable4 ,:5 ! moon is full & :5 x  
is new  !y h :at are call$ spr+ tides at
 :i* times ! ebb is l[]  ?an ord9>ily4  
,aft] a /orm is a f9e "t to look = ?+s  
:i*  h be5 dragg$ by ! =ce ( ! wat] f _!
 an*orage 9 !  dep?s1 & toss$ a%ore4    
,:5 y arrive on ! s& all w appe> to be  
quiet4 ,y\r be/  plan is to sit /ill &  
wait = "s signs ( life4 ,9 a mom5t "s   
clam may s5d a jet ( wat] into ! air ne>
 y4 ,if y are quick  en\gh ) y\r %ovel y
 may cat* ! jok]1 b he has _h m         
practice 9 ! game ?an y & w probably    
elude y4 ,wat* =  bubbles & jets ( wat] 
& dig frantically4 ,y w be able to "w   
up spe$ aft] a few trials & l& y\r fi%4 
,aft] "s practice  y w be able to une>? 

_m liv+ ?+s y little suspect$ (  be+    
!re4 ,crabs ( v>i\s k9ds are common &   
sea-worms ( ra9b[  col\rs & curi\s =ms4 
,creatures 9 snail-l %ells1 little &    
big1 are common 9 ! s& ( our coa/4 ,z y 
%ovel away try to  h pres5ce ( m9d en\gh
 to ?r[ ! s& into y\r sieve4 ,take  ?is 
to ! wat]'s edge & wa% x4 ,y w 9 ?is way
 get _m  small ?+s :i* y o!rwise w\ld n 
see4    ,d n disc>d any?+ ab\t :i* y h  
an unansw]$ "q4  ,_m ( ! mollusks leave 
egg cases on ! s& or ^! are wa%$  9 by !
 tides4 ,!y are no less wond]ful ?an !  
%ells1 = !y  are *apt]s 9 ! same /ory4  
,! egg-cases ( ! :elk are common4  ,^? (
 ! skate are call$ devil's pocket-books 
by natives4    ,muddy %ores h _! own    
special =ms1 :ile rocky coa/s diff]  f  
all ! re/4 ,"s creatures1 l ! h]mit     
crab1 are abundant  ev]y:]e4 ,y c read !
 /ory ( ?is fell[ 9 any book on  %ells4 
,take "s ( ! /ories ab\t him ) a gra9 ( 
salt4 ,he  may n be z bad z he is pa9t$ 
= mu* ( ! gossip ab\t him has  nev] be5 
prov54 ,8 affairs ne$ inve/igation4     

,! creatures :i* build ! %ells are = !  
mo/ "p s(t  bodi$ & c n be pres]v$      
except 9 "s liquid l alcohol or  =mal94 
,^! w\ld be difficult to transport b w  
be ( greate/  value if y are /udy+ !    
/ructure ( ! mollusks4 ,if y wi% to     
pres]ve ! %ells only1 y %\ld take great 
c>e to free e "p  f any animal matt] t  
adh]es to !m4 ,boil+ ! %ell w  usually  
accompli% ?is4    ,labels %\ld be us$ & 
record made ( ! locality1 date1         
collector's "n1 & o!r int]e/+ data4 ,e  
naturali/ ( any  exp]i5ce has !         
note-book habit4 ,_m a collector :o     
tru/s to  8 memory f9ds himself sadly at
 a loss :5 he comes to "w )  8 specim5s 
& especially :5 he wants to write ab\t  
!m4 ,if  8 note-book tells him ! /ory he
 w be able to make 8 acc\nt  accurate z 
well z int]e/+4      ,,collect+         
,,insects    ,! two pr9cipal reasons =  
mak+ insect collections are fir/1  to   
/udy1 second1 to sell4 ,! beg9n]'s      
outfit w be ! same  :i*ev] reason is 84 
,"t 0 :5 any "o c>ry+ an insect net  0  

look$ on ) a sort ( pity+ suspicion4 ,he
 or %e 0 ?\ght  to be ! victim ( a mild 
=m ( lunacy1 :i* might or might n  take 
viol5t %ape4 ,all t is pa/ n[ t insect  
/udy has gr[n s  important & popul>4 ,x 
is q safe to conclude t ! hundr$s  (    
tra9$ sci5ti/s employ$ by ! gov]nm5t to 
inve/igate !  problems involv+ insect   
life all />t$ _! /udies by mak+ a       
collection4    ,probably ! easie/ k9d ( 
collection to make is "o ( plants4      
,once y see !m1 _! fate is seal$4       
,escape is impossible4 ,b  collect+ wild
 plants ab\t y\r own door y>d & 9 !     
woods is  tame "w comp>$ to insect      
captur+4 ,y\r eye m>ks a butt]fly or  a 
dragon fly = y\r own1 b y h him yet to  
reckon ) & 8  w+s may c>ry him f> beyond
 y\r rea*4    ,! outfit necess>y to an  
insect collector is simple & inexp5sive4
  ,= g5]al collect+1 & t is ! be/ = a   
beg9n]1 y ne$3    #a4 ,a net4    #b4 ,a 
kill+ bottle4    #c4 ,insect p9s4    #d4
 ,insect boxes4    ,:ile y c add to y\r 
collection almo/ e day 9 ! ye>  :5 once 

y h ! fev]1 ! be/ "t to beg9 is summ]4  
,m  insects are 9 evid5ce !n1 & _!      
active flight1 _! beautiful  col\rs1 &  
wond]ful v>iety ( =m all help ar\se !   
int]e/4 ,z  ! collection gr[s y w f9d t 
_m insects c be captur$  )\t a net1 b z 
y w want e new butt]fly1 mo?1 dragon    
fly1 & gras%opp] t comes into y\r l9e ( 
vision y mu/  c]ta9ly h a net ! fir/ ?+4
    ,! mat]ials ne$$ = a net are ^!3    
#a4 ,a smoo?1 light1 b /rong h&le ab\t  
?ree feet 9 l5g?4 7,an  old broom h&le w
 answ]47    #b4 ,a /rip ( t91 f\r in*es 
wide1 & long en\gh to fit ar\nd !  h&le4
 7,:y n use a piece ( a t9 c if y h     
/rong %e>s87    #c4 ,?ree & a half feet 
( heavy wire4 7,no4 #c galvaniz$ is !   
?+47    #d4 ,a piece ( *eese clo?1 ?ree 
f\r?s ( a y>d4 7,get a good grade  to /&
 a season's we>47    ,almo/ e boy kn[s a
 t9smi? & :5 x comes to putt+ ^!        
mat]ials toge!r1 ! s]vices ( a skill$   
workman are v  valuable4 ,if pocket     
money is sc>ce1 !re are any numb] ( jobs
 a boy  c d = ! t9smi? 9 ex*ange = 8    

help 9 mak+ ! net4  ,t piece ( wire is  
to =m ! r+ :i* holds ! *eese clo?  bag2 
! r+ mu/ be fa/5$ securely into ! end ( 
! h&le4  ,b5d ! wire into a circle a    
foot 9 diamet]1 !n b5d back ?ree  in*es 
( bo? ends & =ce !m into ! end ( ! h&le1
 a hole  = ! purpose fir/ hav+ be5 made 
by burn+ or bor+4 ,b5d !  t9 r\nd ! h&le
 at ! net end to keep x f splitt+ :5 9  
use1 & tack x on tight4    ,illu/ration3
 ,insect net    ,if y "k h[ to sew y are
 m =tunate ?an mo/ ( ! boys ,i  "k1     
al?\gh :y %\ld n a boy le>n to use a    
sew+ ma*9e8 ,!  bag ought to be sew$ on 
! ma*9e4 ,y mu/ fir/ lay ! f9i%$  edge  
or selv$ge ar\nd ! wire to make sure t x
 goes ar\nd &  has a little extra = !   
seam4 ,p9 ! clo? toge!r :]e x meets     
ar\nd ! wire1 !n lay x on a table1      
d\ble4 ,cut ! bag1 r\nd+  ! bottom      
neatly4 ,*eese clo? is ! wor/ /uff to   
ravel1 & if  y sew ! bag ) a s+le seam y
 w soon be sorry4 ,p9 !  clo? s t ! two 
edges are exactly toge!r & sew a seam   
ab\t a  qu>t] ( an in* wide all ! way   

r\nd4 ,n[ turn ! bag inside out  & fold 
x s t ! seam y j made w be "r on ! edge4
  ,sew ano!r seam1 ?ree eigh?s ( an in* 
deep ?is "t4 ,! ragg$  edge ( ! goods w 
n[ be inside ( ?is second seam & c n    
fray out & make a nuisance ( itself4 ,if
 all ?is is worse ?an ,dut*  to y1 take 
! bag to y\r si/]4 ,%e is n s mu* clev]]
 ?an  y b ! *ances are t if y ask h] to 
sew y a ,fr5* seam1  %e w make x j z ,i 
h describ$4 ,sew ! f9i%$ bag onto  !    
wire ) heavy d\ble ?read & y\r net is   
ready = use4    ,mat]ials to make a     
kill+ bottle3 #a4 ,a wide-m\!d bottle4  
7,i advise  e collector to h two        
bottles1 "o to c>ry 9 ! pocket all  !   
"t1 ! o!r = special trips = l>ge ?+s4 ,=
 ! fir/  a small olive oil bottle1 a te/
 tube1 or any conv5i5t siz$ bottle  ) a 
m\? ne>ly or q z l>ge z ! body ( !      
bottle4 ,a  fruit j>1 p9t size1 does    
well = ! v l>ge ?+s47    #b4 ,a cork :i*
 fits ! bottle tightly1 & is an in*     
long4 ,a cork  any %ort] ?an ?is is an  
aggravation z x is s unh&y4    #c4 ,a   

lump ( cyanide ( potassium z big z a    
hickory nut = !  small bottle1 two or a 
little m = ! big bottle4 ,yes1 cyanide  
is a deadly poison1 & ! druggi/ w n sell
 x to y & y\r  fa!r w n let y buy x4 ,b 
if y conv9ce y\r "m t  %e c tru/ y to   
use a cyanide bottle z x is int5d$ to be
 us$1  h] objections w melt away4 ,j z  
likely z n %e & y\r  fa!r1 too1 & y\r   
tea*]1 & maybe ! druggi/ all made insect
  collections :5 !y 7 y\r age & "o or ! 
o!r w make y\r  cyanide bottles = y     
foll[+ ^! directions3    ,illu/ration3  
,kill+ bottle    #d4 ,a teacup full (   
pla/] ( ,p>is4    ,h&le ! cyanide ) a   
c\ple ( /icks or drop ! lumps f !  pap] 
into ! bottles s z n to t\* !m ) y\r    
f+]s1 mix a  little ( ! pla/] ( ,p>is & 
wat] till x is l a ?9 pa/e  & p\r en\gh 
9 on ! lumps ( cyanide to entirely cov] 
!m4 ,put  9 on top ( ?is all ! dry pla/]
 ( ,p>is ! wat] w take up4  ,let !      
bottle /& op5 = an h\r or s1 !n wipe x  
out ) a  rag1 :i* may be burn$ aft]w>d4 
,put 9 ! cork & y\r kill+  bottle is    

ready to d its %>e t[>d mak+ a          
collection = y4  ,don't =get to label   
y\r bottles poison1 & always be c>eful n
  to inhale ! fumes4 ,! smell ( ! brea? 
( ! bottle w be  en\gh to rem9d y4    ,x
 0 a ,japanese /ud5t1 :o1 :5 he f\nd "o 
( 8 p9n$ mo?s  _h come to life & beat5  
its w+s to pieces 9 ! box1 said3 ,x     
ought-a be dead4 ,he 9 cy'ni' bot'l' a' 
night4 ,i %\ld n wi% to  be q s /oical4 
,8 bot'l' 0 probably an old "o1 :i* did 
its  "w too sl[ly4      ,,m\nt+         
,,insects    ,! fir/ insects ,i ev] saw 
9 a collection 7 a sorry sight4         
,beautiful z ! specim5s _h be51 !y 7 all
 spoil$ by !  collector4 ,! mo?s 7 all  
out ( %ape1 w+s half fold$1 !  p9s us$ 7
 %ort common p9s1 & e specim5 0         
disfigur$  ) masses ( v]digris1 !y 7    
p9n$ into r\gh boxes 9  higgl$y-piggl$y 
fa%ion1 & %[$ e sign ( neglect &        
c>eless h&l+4 ,my int]e/ 9 insect       
collect+ did n date f  t h\r b f a look 
,i _h at a fri5d's cab9et ye>s lat]4    
,! fir/ mi/ake a beg9n] makes is to use 

common p9s4 ,really1  be=e y beg9 to    
collect1 y ought to s5d away = a supply 
(  ,g]man insect p9s4 ,^! c be b\ght f  
deal]s 9 entomological  supplies & a    
hundr$ ea* ( ,nos4 #c & #e w co/ ?irty  
c5ts4  ,) !m y\r collection may be      
salable1 & y may ex*ange y\r  duplicates
 ) o!r collectors1 :ile if y use common 
p9s y\r  specim5s w h no comm]cial      
value1 & w soon be spoil$1 by  ! corrod+
 ( ! p9s4    ,illu/ration3              
,cross-section ( spread+-bo>d1 %[+      
con/ruction    ,! fir/ insect y get w   
probably be a butt]fly1 or a mo?1 =  ^! 
%[y ones are all y are able to see4     
,lat] ! small] ones  w attract y\r      
att5tion4 ,!re=e y w n be able to m\nt  
y\r fir/ specim5 prop]ly )\t a          
spread+-bo>d4 ,! draw+ (  "o :i* appe>s 
on ?is page w tell y m ab\t h[ to make z
  well z h[ to use x ?an any am\nt (    
description4 ,if y c e>n  sev5ty-five   
c5ts m easily ?an by mak+ a set ( ?ree (
 ^!  9 assort$ sizes1 y c buy = t am\nt 
an adju/able "o :i*  w s]ve y = all w+$ 

insects ( all sizes4    ,illu/ration3   
,spread+-bo>d1 9 use    ,i w suppose t y
 h captur$ y\r fir/ butt]fly4 ,d get a  
good siz$ "o fir/ z x w be easi] to le>n
 on t ?an on a  small "o4 ,an h\r 9 a   
fre%ly made cyanide j> is long en\gh to 
insure a pa9less dea?4 ,if any "o calls 
y a cruel boy at ?is "t1  assure ! p]son
 t butt]flies are v %ort-liv$ & t ?is   
"o w\ld h be5 eat5 by a bird )9 an h\r  
or two anyh[4 ,!  cyanide is ! lea/     
pa9ful =m ( dy+ = ! butt]fly4 ,its "w   
is probably done1 already4 ,y c prove t 
y d n kill insects  = ! fun ( see+ !m   
die1 by putt+ ! bottle back 9 y\r       
pocket :]e !y c die 9 private1 & by nev]
 kill+ any unless  y ne$ !m = y\r       
collection4 ,a few duplicates = ex*ange 
is  also legitimate4 ,x does n injure a 
specim5 to leave x 9 ! j>  ov] night4   
,if y _c spread x imm$iately1 d n take x
 f  ! j>1 z :5 dri$ !y _c be spread1 z  
!y are v brittle4    ,if y nev] look$ at
 a butt]fly be=e1 y w look at ?is "o4   
,y w note t x has f\r broad w+s atta*$  

to a r\nd$ body4  ,! portion ( ! body to
 :i* ! w+s are fa/5$ is call$ !  ?orax4 
,= a m$ium-siz$ insect1 a ,no4 #c p9    
%\ld be tak54 ,!  butt]fly %\ld be p9n$ 
?r\gh ! ?orax1 half way betwe5 !  front 
w+s4 ,direct ! p9 s t x w come out 9 !  
middle on  ! "u side ( ! ?orax4 ,"o f\r?
 ( ! p9's l5g? %\ld  rema9 above !      
insect4 ,?is may seem a small matt] b   
insects  unev5ly p9n$ look badly1 & x   
spoils _! salability4 ,y w  want "s     
black-head$ p9s = use on ! spread+-bo>d4
 ,common  p9s hurt ! f+]s1 insect p9s   
are too flexible & exp5sive4  ,p9 /rips 
( pap] on to hold ! w+s 9 place4 ,) !   
picture  ( butt]flies on a spread+-bo>d 
z a model1 y w1 aft] "s  exp]i5ce1 get s
 t y c d ?is well4 ,x is no job = an    
impati5t p]son1 ?\gh4 ,leave ! butt]fly 
on ! bo>d until x is  ?or\ghly dry1 :i* 
takes ?ree days4 ,put ! bo>d :]e ! air c
  h free circulation ar\nd x1 b n !     
mice4    ,illu/ration3 ,%[+ h[ to p9    
common insects    ,! only insects t are 
n p9n$ ?r\gh ! middle ( ! ?orax  are !  

beetles1 ^? h>d-%ell$ creatures l ,june 
bugs 7:i*  ought to be call$ ,may       
beetles71 & potato bugs 7:i* are also   
beetles74 ,if y put a p9 ?r\gh ! c5tre (
 a beetle's ?orax1 x  spreads ! w+s out 
9 an unnatural way4 ,s collectors agree 
to p9  !m ?r\gh ! "r w+-cov]4           
,illu/ration3 ,p9 butt]flies ?r\gh !    
?orax1 betwe5 ! front  pair ( w+s       
,y\r next requirem5t w be boxes to put !
 specim5s 94 ,_m a  f9e collection has  
be5 begun 9 ord9>y cig> boxes4 ,at fir/ 
y  w probably try to p9 ! insects "r    
into ! bottom ( ! box4  ,aft] y h spoil$
 two or ?ree ( y\r r>e/ ones1 b5t a doz5
  or s exp5sive p9s1 y w conclude t !   
wood is too h>d &  does n hold ! p9s    
well4 ,be w>n$ 9 "t to save y\rself ?is 
bo!r4 ,! boxes %\ld be l9$ ) a ?9 lay] (
 "s mat]ial  :i*1 ?\gh s(t en\gh to pu% 
a p9 into easily1 mu/ at ! same  "t be  
ela/ic & firm en\gh to hold ! p9s4      
,cork1 l9oleum1 &  slices ( pi? are all 
us$4 ,y may h notic$1 ?\gh1 if y h  be5 
to a l>ge1 up-to-date museum1 t !       

specim5s ( insects  are all p9n$ into   
solid blocks ( wood4 ,_m an h\r ,i h    
sp5t  p9n+ specim5s into blocks 9 _!    
p]man5t places 9 a great  museum        
collection4 ,x is h>d "w & has to be    
done ) a tool4  ,:5 once fa/5$ on a     
block ! insect is suppos$ to be a       
fixture2  :5 x moves ! block goes along4
 ,b ! mat]ial y use 9 y\r  boxes ought  
to be s(t en\gh to make %ift+ ( specim5s
 easy4 ,=  example1 at fir/ y w get a   
great assortm5t4 ,a butt]fly to-day1  a 
beetle or two to-morr[1 a pair ( mo?s ! 
next day1 "s crickets1  a dragon fly1 a 
cicada1 a wat]bug1 & s on4 ,take ev]y?+ 
unless  y already h x4 ,t is ! only way 
to collect4 ,if y say1 ,oh1  ,i'll get a
 bett] "o to-morr[1 ! *ances are t !    
season w  g by & y w n get t v>iety at  
all4    ,illu/ration3 ,glass-topp$      
insect case      ,,classification       
,y\r fir/ box full w be a v>i$          
assortm5t4 ,:5 y h all y  c conv5i5tly  
p9 into ?ree boxes )\t cr[d+1 y w want  
to arrange !m4 ,if y h begun to /udy    

sci5ce y w "k :at  classify means4 ,e   
s*ool is made up ( classes4 ,s )        
insects4  ,y w "k by ! looks ( ! insects
 t c]ta9 ones belong  toge!r4 ,a good   
way to />t is to put all ! butt]flies & 
mo?s  into "o box4 ,y may n "k :at y h  
done1 b y h simply  sep>at$ ! memb]s ( !
 ord] ,lepidopt]a f all ! o!rs4  ,look  
ov] ^? t are left & y w see t "s1 l !   
blund]+ ,june bug1 h _! w+s s plac$ t a 
/raight l9e  appe>s d[n ! middle ( !    
back4 ,^! belong toge!r1 reg>dless  ( _!
 col\r1 size1 %ape1 habits1 or o!r      
consid]ations4 ,!y  belong to ! ord]    
,coleopt]a4 ,gras%opp]s1 katydids1 &    
crickets  belong to ano!r gr\p & c be   
p9n$ toge!r4 ,all ! flies h  two w+s1 & 
belong 9 a gr\p ap>t f all ! f\r-w+$    
ones4  ,! dragon flies g toge!r4 ,y w h 
repres5tatives ( o!r  ord]s1 less easy  
to di/+ui%1 b by ! "t y\r collection has
  gr[n to ?is ext5t y w be ready = "s   
beg9n]'s book on  entomology1 :i* w make
 fur!r classification simple en\gh4 ,z  
y %ift y\r specim5s f "o box to ano!r   

obs]ve a c]ta9  regul>ity ( arrangem5t4 
,! heads %\ld all po9t 9 "o direction4  
,:5 p9n+ a gr\p all ( :i* are ab\t "o   
size1 set ! p9s all  9 l9e1 9 milit>y   
fa%ion4 ,h[ mu* bett] !y look6 ,?is     
neat1  =mal arrangem5t ( ! specim5s adds
 greatly to y\r satisfaction  & enjoym5t
 ( y\r collection4 ,avoid cr[d+ &       
breakage4 ,a dri$  specim5 is almo/     
ev]la/+1 b at ! same "t x is ! mo/      
fragile ?+ y c imag9e4    ,z y\r        
collection gr[s 9 size1 value1 & int]e/1
 y w  c]ta9ly want wood5 cases4 ,p]haps 
y\r manual tra9+ tea*] w  be will+ to   
let y build a box "u 8 direction4 ,a    
cab9et-mak]  c make !m at "o doll> or   
less1 apiece1 ( well-season$ basswood4  
,be=e y h be5 collect+ long1 y w h le>n$
 by  obs]vation q a lot ab\t insects &  
_! ways4 ,y w "k  t "s localities are v 
poor collect+ gr\nd1 t o!r places  yield
 an abundant v>iety2 t ! be/ "t =       
butt]flies is 9  a sunny =5oon2 :ile    
mo?s are abroad 9 ! e>ly twilight &     
lat]4 ,y w see t dragon flies are fond (

 fly+ ab\t ov]  /reams or ponds & y may 
wond] :y z y try 9 va9 to net a  f9e "o 
)\t gett+ y\r feet wet4 ,o!r insects are
 frankly  aquatic & y c get !m only by  
dipp+ y\r net 94 ,x is well  to h a     
second net if y expect to d mu* wat]    
collect+ z !  clo? is h>d to smoo? out  
aft] a wett+4 ,z a majority ( insects   
are veget>ian y w naturally seek among  
plants = specim5s4 ,if  ! w+$ =ms are n 
eat+ ! foliage y may discov] t !y  are  
lay+ eggs on ! leaves ( ! food plant on 
:i* _! "y  mu/ develop4 ,if y live 9 t[n
 y w f9d x wor? :ile to c>ry  y\r bottle
 ) y :5 y g out 9 ! ev5+4 ,nocturnal    
insects  ( all k9ds are attract$ to     
electric lights1 _m ( !m to _!  dea?1 z 
y w see4 ,a c&le 9 y\r op5 w9d[ w       
attract "s  valuable additions to y\r   
collection & also "s y w sleep  bett]   
)\t4 ,"s collectors c>e no?+ = a specim5
 unless x  is r>e4 ,a bett] way is to   
reg>d !m all z r>e until y secure  a    
specim5 = y\r box1 & ( equal value t[>ds
 build+ up a  complete collection4      

,a ,,life ,,hi/ory ,,collection    ,y c 
n collect insects v long be=e y beg9 to 
see a lot  ( ?+s y nev] notic$ be=e4 ,y 
see leaves cut or eat5 9  /range =ms1 or
 y f9d a clu/] ( t9y eggs on a leaf1 or 
sev]al  leaves sew$ or /uck toge!r )    
/r&s ( silk4 ,p]haps y f9d  /range      
abnormal gr[?s on c]ta9 plants1 swell+s 
on _! /ems1  leaves trans=m$ into balls1
 or pod-l or cone-l affairs :i*  d n    
look natural4 ,^! ?+s are sure to ar\se 
y\r curiosity4  ,sometimes ! answ] to   
y\r "q is "r !re4 ,cut op5 a  swoll5    
gold5-rod /alk & y w f9d ! culprit :i*  
caus$ !  plant to gr[ t way4 ,b h[ did !
 footless1 helpless grub get  !re & :58 
,y break d[n ! mud-daub] wasp's ne/ f   
among  ! raft]s ( "s build+4 ,:at is t  
yell[i% object t rolls  f among ! ru9$  
adobe walls8 ,look6 ,x is a spid]4 ,:at 
bus9ess  has a spid] 9 ! wasp's ne/1 if 
x is h] ne/8 ,spid]s h none  too good a 
reputation1 b ?is spid] does n act v    
spry4 ,seems to  be alive1 yet n alive4 
,! secret ( ! relation betwe5 ! spid]s &

 ! wasps y c  read 9 _m a book4 ,y might
 ev5 guess at x1 b !re 0 no guess  "w   
ab\t ! obs]v] :o fir/ /udi$ out ?is     
secret4 ,he did n  get 8 k f books4 ,he 
pati5tly wat*$ ! mud-daub] go+  ab\t h] 
h\se build+4 ,he knew t h] pa9/ak+ lab\r
 c\ld  h b "o mean+4 ,%e 0 build+ n a   
home = h]self1 b =  h] *ildr54    ,!    
wasp's *ildr5 are n little wasps1 yet !y
 are none ! less  "y wasps = be+        
footless1 col\rless1 w+less1 /+less     
grubs4  ,!y are eggs at fir/ ( c\rse1 j 
z all insects are4 ,:5 !  "m wasp has "o
 cell ( h] ap>tm5t h\se f9i%$ %e conc]ns
  h]self imm$iately ) /ock+ ! l>d]4     
,kn[+ ! ta/es ( h]  yet unborn "y1 %e   
leaves = a "t ! mud hole1 & visits !    
haunts ( c]ta9 spid]s4 ,f9d+ "o to h]   
lik+1 %e captures x4  ,n appreciat+ !   
fact t ! law =bids ! use ( pres]vatives 
9 meats1 %e injects a drop ( "s         
wond]-work+ fluid into !  spid] &       
pres]ves ! creature1 n only fre% b      
alive1 ?\gh  p>alyz$4 ,^u ! in]t body %e
 places an egg1 !n seals ! cell1  well  

assur$ 9 h] m9d t :5 ! grub hat*es x w  
f9d !  food j z %e left x & j en\gh to  
n\ri% ! "y "o to  maturity4    ,be=e y\r
 fir/ season ( collect+ is pa/ y w f9d  
y\rself  br++ home z specim5s _m insects
 :i* y w see are n  fully gr[n4 ,little 
gras%opp]s1 sc>cely bigg] ?an a fly yet 
possess$ ( su* /r5g? ( leg t !y c hurl  
!mselves into  ! air = a di/ance equal  
to tw5ty times _! own l5g?4 ,h[ d  y "k 
t !y are "y gras%opp]s & n fully gr[n   
ones (  "s t9y race8 ,look at "o closely
 & y w see a look ( y\?  ab\t him t is  
unmi/akable4 ,he is fuzzy1 8 head is too
 big =  him1 8 legs out ( all proportion
 to ! re/ ( him4 ,!n1 too1  he has no   
w+s1 j little buds :]e ! w+s w be "s    
day4  ,by ^! tok5s y w "k him = a baby4 
,y c f9d !m 9  all sizes & c h a s]ies  
to %[ ! /ages ( gr[?4 ,?is is  "o ( !   
fir/ /eps 9 ! mak+ ( a ,life ,hi/ory    
,collection1  f> m valuable to !        
naturali/ ?an a collection conta9+ only 
mature insects4    ,g5]ally speak+1 all 
adult insects h w+s1 & all w+$  insects 

are adults4 ,!re are exceptions to ?is1 
b !y w take  _! places :5 ! "t comes4 ,!
 "y ( ! insects belong+ to  c]ta9 ord]s 
resemble _! p>5ts en\gh s z to be plac$ 
:]e  !y belong at a glance4 ,?is is true
 ( ! gras%opp]s1 katydids1  & crickets1 
( ! true bugs :i* include ! squa%-bugs1 
!  *9*-bug1 ! /9k-bug & o!rs4 ,( mo/ ( !
 o!r ord]s  ?is is n true4 ,! "y d n    
look at all l ! adults4 ,9  _m cases z1 
= example1 ! dragon fly & ! mosquito1 !y
  are fitt$ 9 ! immature /ages to a life
 9 ! wat]4 ,!y mu/1  on ?is acc\nt1 h   
organs = swimm+1 = aquatic brea?+1 &  = 
gett+ a liv+ 9 ! wat]4 ,! =ms ( ^! "y   
insects  are j z v>i$ z ^? ( ! adults1 b
 !y d n resemble  ! w+$ ones 9 ! lea/4  
,! life hi/ory collection mu/ conta9    
specim5s ( ! immature =ms ( insect life 
z well z adults if x  is to be mo/      
useful & complete4    ,"s ord]s (       
insects1 z = example ! mo?s1 butt]flies1
 beetles1  flies1 bees1 wasps1 ants1 &  
o!rs pass ?r\gh f\r di/9ct  *anges ( =m4
 ,!y always foll[ ! same ord]4 ,e       

g5]ation1  beg9n+ ) ! egg1 passes next  
to ! l>va 7call$ cat]pill>  or          
incorrectly worm1 or grub1 or maggot71  
on to ! pupa1 !n to !  adult4 ,! egg (  
an insect is (t5 a mo/ beautiful object4
 ,) a  h& l5s1 :i* e collector w surely 
ne$1 "o c see its  delicate col\r+1 its 
pe>l-l %ell1 its curi\sly c>v$ or       
sculptur$ surface4 ,to get "s idea ( !  
great v>iety 9 =m1  col\r1 %ape1 & m>k+s
 ( insects' eggs1 ask at y\r libr>y = a 
book on butt]flies1 ) col\r$ plates1 & !
 *ances are t y  w be surpris$4    ,!   
second or l>val /age ( ! insect's life  
is ! eat+1 gr[+  /age4 ,dur+ ?is /age ! 
"y bee1 butt]fly1 ant1 or mo?  m\lts    
sev]al times4 ,9 ?is process ! entire   
old sk9 is %$1 an  op]ation well wor?   
see+4 ,"u ! old coat a new "o has =m$1  
:i* be+ l>g]1 accommodates itself to !  
insect's increas$ size4  ,! l>val /age  
is 9 ! case ( _m insects ! active "t :51
  if !y are vegetable fe$]s1 !y injure  
crops4    ,:5 ! l>va has complet$ its   
gr[? x *anges into a pupa4 ,"s  insects 

pass ?is ?ird /age inside ( silk5 cases 
!y sp9 ab\t  !mselves1 o!rs1 aft] %$d+ !
 l>val sk91 f9d !mselves  ea* clad 9 a  
sort ( horny coat ( mail4 ,we call ^!   
*rysalides4  ,"s l>v creep away into !  
gr\nd1 !re to %$ _! old coats  & re/    
inside ( ! pupa cases :i* nature        
provides4 ,ea* "o  foll[s ! fa%ion ( 8  
own family & is 9 no dang] ( be+  mi/ak5
 = any "o else4    ,out ( ! pupa1 :e!r x
 be cocoon1 *rysalis1 or j pla9 pupa    
case1 comes ! adult4 ,! ma9 bus9ess (   
adult insects is to  reproduce _! k9d4  
,aft] ! eggs are laid !re is little     
excuse  = _! liv+4 ,9 ! case ( a great  
_m k9ds ( insects dea?  foll[s soon     
aft]4 ,!re are "s not$ exceptions to ?is
 rule z  = in/ance ! wasps :i* build ) s
 mu* skill & pati5ce  ! homes 9 :i* to  
re> _! "y1 ! ants & ! bees1 bo?  social 
& solit>y1 :i* c>ry on su* a complicat$ 
home life4 ,(  ^! highly civiliz$       
insects only a ^w c be spok5 "h4 ,f  !  
*apt] on ,bee-,keep+ & f o!r books y may
 le>n ( !  wond]s !y p]=m4 ,we mu/      

return n[ to our life hi/ory collection4
    ,h[ ! subject op5s z we add specim5s
 ( cocoons & pupa cases to  !           
collection6 ,to get a complete s]ies    
illu/rat+ ! life1 let  u say1 ( "o ( our
 common butt]flies1 ! mon>* or milk-we$ 
butt]fly1 y %\ld visit ! clu/]s (       
milk-we$ along !  roadside or any:]e1 9 
! =5oon ( a sunny ,july or ,augu/ day4  
,a  few butt]flies are probably flitt+  
ab\t 9 r casual fa%ion4  ,wat* !m light 
on ! leaves1 m>k ! leaf ) y\r eye &     
hurry  to ! spot4 ,se>* well4 ,! t9y    
speck ( pale yell[ may be a  drop ( milk
 b if x /&s up on ! leaf x is likely to 
be a  butt]fly's egg4 ,y\r l5s w tell y4
 ,hav+ made sure ( "o y  w f9d o!rs4    
,y may f9d a "y cat]pill> lun*+ on !    
leaf4 ,if j out (  ! egg x is a dull    
lead col\r1 b :5 half gr[n a "y mon>*   
is /rip$ ) r+s ( gre5i% yell[ & black4  
,?\gh h&some  z to col\r s*eme1 ?is     
cat]pill> has mann]s unbecom+ a pla9    
citiz51 let alone a mon>*4 ,t\* its back
 ) a grass /em & see  :at happ5s4    ,if

 "t p]mits y %\ld visit y\r clump (     
milk-we$ daily or  bett] /ill take home 
! eggs & ! "y cat]pill>s4 ,keep !  food 
plant fre% 9 a j> ( wat] & get m :5     
ne$$4 ,z y  want a specim5 ( ! egg-%ell 
= y\r collection1 y mu/ be on  ! spot :5
 ! "y cat]pill>s come out4 ,!y sometimes
 eat !  %ell ! fir/ ?+4 ,x is a delicate
 op]ation to glue a ?+ z  frail z ?is   
%ell onto a dri$ milk-we$ leaf1 & y may 
h  to cont5t y\rself ) mak+ a sket* ( x 
on a small squ>e (  draw+ pap]4 ,p9 !   
leaf or ! draw+ 9 ! box4 ,x is n easy   
to keep specim5s ( cat]pill>s4 ,!re is a
 me?od ( prep>+  ! inflat$ sk9s1 b z !  
process is a difficult z well z a       
gha/ly "o1 y c wait till y g to college 
to le>n x4 ,= !  milk-we$ cat]pill> ,i  
sugge/ in/ead1 a col\r$ draw+4 ,:5 y\r  
cat]pill>s are full-siz$ !y w trans=m   
into *rysalides4  ,x is wor? sitt+ up   
all night to see a sight l ?is4 ,:5  a  
cat]pill> sp9s a little mat ( silk &    
susp5ds itself by a  tail-hook1 y w "k t
 ! p]=mance is ab\t to beg94 ,!         

*rysalis is a lovely light gre5 ) spots 
( gold ^u x4 ,all ?is  beauty 0 hidd5 "u
 ! sk9 ( ! cat]pill>4 ,) an egg1 a      
cat]pill>1 a *rysalis1 & an adult y h   
all f\r /ages ( !  mon>*'s life         
repres5t$4      ,,insect ,,homes        
,no?+ 9 ! insect _w int]e/s me m ?an _! 
homes4 ,!  collector sees _m ( ^! 9 8   
r\nds1 & beg9s to consid]  h[ he c      
complete 8 s]ies by add+ samples ( !m z 
specim5s  to 8 collection4 ,i 0 lucky   
en\gh to f9d1 :5 on a collect+  trip "o 
day1 a curi\s /ructure made ( mud on a  
we$ /em4 ,x 0  decl>$ by ! pr(essor to  
be an ants' c[-%$4 ,kn[+ t !  museum    
specim5 0 9 a bad /ate ( repair ,i      
readily (f]$ my f9d  to replace x4 ,!   
pr(essor refus$ ! gift1 b (f]$ me :at he
  ?\ght x 0 wor?4 ,i accept$ & b\ght a  
pair ( %oes ) !  money1 :i* %[s t ^! ?+s
 h a m>ket value4    ,x is well to press
 a specim5 ( ! fav\rite food plant ( a  
species  ( insect & make x a "p ( !     
collection4 ,b dri$ butt]flies1  fa/5$ 9
 utt]ly unnatural attitudes ^u dri$     

plants !y w\ld  scorn to eat 9 life1    
fram$ or put "u glass globes on ! p>l\r 
table d n appeal to ! naturali/4 ,!y are
 fakes pure & simple4    ,!re w be a few
 among ! _m :o beg9 to make collections 
(  v>i\s k9ds :o w keep at x4 ,i "k "o  
"y man :o sold 8  /amp collection =     
en\gh to take him on 8 fir/ trip abroad4
 ,six  hundr$ doll>s 0 ! sum realiz$1 ,i
 believe4 ,^? ( y :o h  read ,mrs4 ,g5e 
,/ratton-,port]'s /ory ,! ,girl ( !     
,limb]lo/  rememb] t ! girl sold ,indian
 relics & insects en\gh to s5d  h]self  
to high s*ool & />t a college fund4 ,%e 
made up little  life hi/ory collections 
to illu/rate ! talks %e gave z special  
tea*] ( nature /udy 9 ! grades 9 a city 
s*ool sy/em4    ,! ,limb]lo/ girl _h an 
(f] ( ?ree hundr$ doll>s = a  complete  
collection ( ! butt]flies & mo?s ( !    
,unit$ ,/ates4  ,%e _h a wond]ful       
collect+ gr\nd 9 & ab\t ! big swamp1  & 
%e _h en\gh duplicates to ex*ange ) o!r 
collectors =  ?+s %e c\ld n get at home4
 ,9 ord] to h p]fect specim5s1  bo? male

 & female1 %e made bre$+ cages & re>$ ! 
mo?s  & butt]flies4 ,%e dug 9 ! e>? ab\t
 ! tree roots & o!r  likely places =    
pup1 %e se>*$ ! %rubs & v9es & trees  = 
hang+ cocoons1 %e br\ght 9 innum]able   
eggs1 cat]pill>s1  & *rysalides & ! /ory
 ( h] successes & failures fills _m     
delightful pages4 ,x all r+s s true t y 
c't help hop+ t  y may see h] insect    
collection "s day1 & he> h] tell h[  %e 
br\ght ?is butt]fly up by h&1 h[ %e _h  
to wait a ye>  to get a male to complete
 "o s]ies1 h[ n>r[ly %e escap$ !        
quicks&s 9 a wild *ase %e _h = ano!r1 & 
o!r details (  h] occupation4           
,,re>+ ,,insects    ,illu/ration3 ,b&box
 bre$+-cage = insects    ,bre$+ insects 
is easy4 ,look at ! home-made bre$+-cage
  illu/rat$ on ?is page4 ,mat]ials ne$$3
 ,"o r\nd or oval hat box1  a /rip (    
wire scre51 two & a half feet wide or s 
& long en\gh  to fit ar\nd ! inside ( ! 
box & lap ?ree in*es4 ,ei!r sew  ! scre5
 toge!r 9 ! =m ( a cyl9d] or fa/5 x e   
six in*es ) pap] fa/5]s4 7,any way to   

keep x toge!r good  & tight47 ,pu% !    
scre5 d[n inside ! box till x t\*es !   
bottom1 put ! lid on & y are ready =    
bus9ess4 ,if ! scre5  is too wide y w h 
tr\ble 9 rea*+ to ! bottom ( !  box :i* 
y w h to d sometimes1 = "o reason or    
ano!r4  ,into bre$+-cages made on ?is   
g5]al plan y c put all sorts (  mat]ial 
:ile wait+ developm5ts1 & get _m        
additions to y\r  collection t y w\ld   
o!rwise miss entirely4    ,"s surpris+  
facts are (t5 discov]$ by accid5t4 ,a   
bre$+-cage  conta9+ a female ,cecropia1 
"o ( our l>ge/ & mo/ beautiful  mo?s1 0 
accid5tally left ne> an op5 w9d[ ov]    
night4 ,! next  morn+ betwe5 tw5ty &    
?irty mo?s ( t species 7 f\nd  flutt]+  
ab\t ! cage4 ,!y _h evid5tly be5        
attract$ f "s  di/ance1 b f\nd _! way to
 _! imprison$ si/] un]r+ly4             
,collectors h _m ways ( captur+ night   
fly+ mo?s4 ,"o way  is kn[n z sug>+4    
,?is consi/s ( daub+ a /icky1 sweet     
prep>ation on ! trunks ( trees & visit+ 
! baits lat] 9  ! ev5+ ) cyanide j>s &  

captur+ ! specim5s :i* are  attract$ by 
! od\r to ! fea/ set = !m4 ,x is        
unsportsmanlike  & entirely unnecess>y  
to put any poison\s sub/ance 9 ! bait & 
?is practice %\ld be d>kly fr[n$ ^u4    
,! be/ places = sug>+ are ^!3 a /rip (  
woodl& edg+ a  /ream1 ! rim ( ! woods   
adjo9+ an op5 field or pa/ure1 old      
roadways ?r\gh woods ( bee*1 oak1       
*e/nut1 or any mix$ gr[?1  wood$ slopes 
9 city p>ks :]e !re is "s protect+      
und]gr[?1  any:]e ab\t ! old groves     
surr\nd+ c\ntry homes4 ,w9dy or wet     
nights are n ! be/ = sug>+1 nei!r are   
moonlight nights4  ,! ideal night = ?is 
is ! ev5+ aft] a hot1 /icky day 9  late 
summ]1 ! sky ov]ca/ & d>k b n foggy4 ,y 
w ne$ a  lant]n to "w by4 ,keep calm4   
,quick1 n]v\s movem5ts fright5 away  m  
mo?s ?an ! light4    ,! foll[+ is !     
unspeakable concoction recomm5d$ by "o  
collector z ! be/ ev] = bait+ mo?s3     
,f\r p\nds d>ke/ sug>4    ,"o qu>t ,new 
,orleans molasses4    ,"o p9t /ale be]  
or ale4 7,?is %\ld h be5 all[$ to /&    

uncork$ 9 a w>m place = a week1 be=e us+
 x47    ,mix all toge!r & heat          
gradually4 ,boil till ab\t z ?ick z     
v>ni%1 :i* takes ab\t five m9utes4 ,:5  
cool add f\r ounces (  ,jamaica rum4    
,cork loosely & keep 9 a cool place4 ,! 
/rong od\r  ( ?is mixture p]vades ! air 
= a long di/ance1 & proves  attractive  
to ! olfactories ( mo?s ?\gh none ( u   
w\ld c>e to  h x ab\t4    ,a good ev5+'s
 "w at sug>+ ought to furni% mo?s en\gh 
to  keep y busy spread+ all ! next      
=5oon4 ,a night 9 ! cyanide  j> w d !m  
no injury4 ,x is well to h a pair (     
light p9c]s  to take specim5s out )4 ,if
 all are empti$ out at once "s w  dry   
too mu* be=e y are ready to spread !m4  
,e "t !y are  h&l$ !y lose "p ( ! scales
 & become slightly defective4 ,if       
practical1 put ! v l>ge specim5s into ! 
j> h9d] end fir/4  ,?is w make x easi]  
to get !m out head fir/4    ,x is almo/ 
inevitable t ! invet]ate collector (    
insects %all  become a naturali/4 ,by   
con/ant wat*+1 he discov]s h[ insects   

live1 & h[ !y affect plants4 ,he w      
witness _m a trag$y4 ,he  w f9d t !re   
are among !m ?ieves & robb]s1 pirates1  
cannibals1 assass9s1 scav5g]s1 & disease
 c>ri]s4 ,he w witness  _m acts ( h]oic 
self-d5ial1 "s feats ( /r5g?1 endurance 
te/s1 & acrobatic turns4 ,he w admire ! 
+5i\s ar*itecture  & wond] at ! nev]    
end+ v>iety ( =ms1 col\rs1 & m>k+s  !y  
exhibit4 ,_m que/ions w come up 9 !     
c\rse ( 8 /udies4  ,he may seek ! books 
9 va9 = in=mation on "s ( ! commone/    
insects ( ! g>d54 ,entomology is a new  
sci5ce4 ,boys & girls :o  beg9 ! /udy by
 collect+ _! fir/ insect to-day may1    
be=e  !y /op1 discov] "s important fact 
to add to ! sum ( human  k & make ! _w a
 bett] place to live 94          ,x     
,,odd ,,jobs      ,,k9dl+ ,,wood        
,cutt+ k9dl+ wood 0 ev] a boy's job4    
,mo/ set tasks h little  to !m b        
drudg]y4 ,b cutt+ k9dl+ us$ to be       
int]e/+4 ,:at  is !re ab\t x8 ,! /ruggle
 to ma/] a /ubborn /ick1 ! dang]  t a   
slip may br+ ! axe d[n else:]e ?an on ! 

/ick1 or t  a c>eless bl[ may cause !   
/ick to reb\nd1 leap into ! air1 &  give
 ! *opp] a :ack on ! head8 ,sc>cely a   
boy b c %[ a  hat*et's sc> on ! foot &  
,i "k a girl :o w always c>ry "o  9 !   
place :]e mo/ p c>ry a corn4    ,!      
problem ( a s\rce ( k9dl+ supply on !   
f>m is nev] "o  to be reckon$ )4 ,!re   
are always old f5ces go+ to pieces1 old 
build+s be+ torn d[n1 & ! problem is r  
h[ to /ore  ! supply :]e x c be _h :5   
ne$$4 ,9 t[n ?+s are  diff]5t4 ,! f5ces1
 if any1 are iron1 ! build+s are few &  
kept  9 repair because !y co/ s mu* to  
build4 ,!re are practically no  loose   
bo>ds ly+ ar\nd & k9dl+ has to be b\ght 
outright4 ,!  ex-f>m] always res5ts ?is 
z an uncall$-= exp5se4 ,b k9dl+  is a   
necessity :]ev] fires are to be made4   
,no pat5t article q  fills ! bill4      
,illu/ration3 ,photograph by ,hel5 ,w4  
,cooke4 ,an ,odd ,job ,t is ,nev]  ,out 
( ,date    ,:y %\ld gr[n m5 monopolize !
 k9dl+ bus9ess8 ,because !re is  good   
money 9 x8 ,b any boy c g into ?is      

bus9ess1 if he has any  spunk4 ,!       
capital requir$ is v small4 ,if y\r     
cr$it is good y  c borr[ a hat*et4 ,!   
*ances are t spunk w supply ! wood4  ,x 
may be rott+ 9 somebody's wood lot wait+
 till ! "r boy  comes along4    ,boys 9 
! ,s\? are lucky4 ,!y c get fat p9e :i* 
is 9 great  dem& bo? ,nor? & ,s\?4 ,"s  
say ! supply has giv5 out1 b :o         
believes su* tales8 ,! dem& = ?is w nev]
 be less ?an n[  & !re is no sub/itute =
 fat p9e4    ,collect+ driftwood is     
ano!r occupation = boys1 sea-coa/ boys1 
?is "t4 ,a k9d ( sub/itute = ?is is be+ 
sold4 ,x is a mixture  ( *emicals & does
 v well = toy fireplaces 9 city         
ap>tm5ts4  ,b ! real ?+ w always br+ a  
fancy price4    ,x is ! common practice 
( ,am]ican lumb]m5 to reg>d no "p (  !  
tree z valuable1 b ! trunk4 ,all ! re/  
is rubbi% & !  exp5se ( trimm+ (f !     
bran*es r$uces ! am\nt ( pr(it on  e    
log4 ,"s day :5 our "y =e/]s get en\gh  
exp]i5ce to  see all r\nd ! great       
subject !y are work+ at1 !y w ?9k  out  

ways ( dispos+ economically ( ! tops &  
bran*es ( ! cut  trees4 ,?is is "o ( !  
big problems ( =e/ry = ^! reasons3  7#a7
 ,! huge am\nt ( ?is refuse wood *okes  
out ! "y gr[? &  ! =e/ _c r5ew itself z 
x w\ld naturally4 7#b7 ,! bru%  dries   
quickly & :5ev] a small fire gets />t$  
!re is fre%  food = x ev]y:]e4 7#c7 ,!  
bru% prev5ts ! fight]s f mak+  _! way to
 ! ?reat5$ di/rict4 ,!y h to fight !    
bru%  piles be=e !y get to ! fire4      
,?is refuse wood might be put to a numb]
 ( uses1 e4 g41 = pulp  wood1 ?us sav+ !
 trunks = lumb]2 = fuel1 no?+ makes     
bett]  fires ?an ! small] limbs2 =      
k9dl+1 ! bran*es :i* are too  small to  
use = /ove wood make spl5did k9dl+1     
p>ticul>ly =  fireplaces4    ,"s ( u ?9k
 ga!r+ faggots too sl[ & labori\s4 ,b we
  ne$n't make "w ( x4 ,:5 ,i see m51    
wom5 & *ildr5 pok+ ov]  ! masses (      
evil-smell+ rubbi% on ! mammo?          
dump-heaps t  deface ! l&scape ne> "s ( 
our great cities1 or go+ f h\se  to h\se
 collect+ old iron or rubb] or          

newspap]s1 or pick+ ov]  ! slag along ! 
railways = *ance lumps ( coal1 ,i wi% t 
!re  7 "s way ( gett+ !m away into !    
woods :]e firewood is  rott+ & do+ h>m  
besides1 a wa/e t works bo? ways1 y see4
    ,!re is no excuse = ! poor p ( a    
village ne> woods  suff]+ = fuel4 ,!y   
ne$n't /eal4 ,let !m get p]mission f  ! 
own] to clean up 8 wood lot4 ,x w be    
good = ! wood lot  & ! own] kn[s x if he
 is an intellig5t man4 ,! boys & girls  
are mu* saf] ga!r+ faggots 9 ! woods ?an
 coal along !  tracks4    ,faggots =    
k9dl+s br+ a fair price1 too1 & ,i      
recomm5d x z  a way ( e>n+ money out (  
y\r fa!r's wood lot if he has "o4  ,9 "s
 villages 9 ,g]many ! p h ! "r to break 
(f 9  ! =e/ all ! bran*es t !y c rea* :5
 /&+ on !  gr\nd4 ,9 ^? =e/s !re is nev]
 any loss ( life1 nor lumb]1  by fires1 
no *ok+ out ( "y gr[? by bru% piles4 ,y 
c\ld walk  ?r\gh ! =e/ !re & see 9 e    
direction miles & miles (  clean trunk$ 
trees ( v>y+ ages1 b no und]bru%1 no    
rubbi%1 no  decay+ logs1 no diseas$     

wood4    ,maybe ^? ?rifty ,g]man p made 
mi/akes :5 _! c\ntry 0  z "y z ours4 ,b 
!y f\nd out ! way to take c>e ( _!  =e/s
 hundr$s ( ye>s ago & we c le>n h[ f !m4
      ,,clean+ ,a ,,c>riage    ,if y get
 home late at night aft] a drive 9 ! mud
 ! *ances are  t y w n clean ! c>riage  
till ! next day4 ,b if ?9 mud  is all[$ 
to dry on a v>ni%$ surface x w be sure  
to leave spots4    ,wat] is ! fir/ aid  
to ! injur$ 9 clean+ highly poli%$      
vehicles4 ,pl5ty ( x %\ld be flu%$ onto 
! v>ni%1 ! mud  wa%$ (f by ! =ce ( !    
wat] r ?an be+ rubb$ (f or  scrap$ (f4  
,keep y\r buggy out ( ! bright sunlight 
:5 n 9  use1 especially :5 x is wet4    
,sl[ dry+ is bett] = ! v>ni%4    ,a     
co>se sponge is a good ?+ to wa% a      
c>riage )2 ?is %\ld be  ?or\ghly r9s$   
aft] ea* rub to free x f grit4 ,nev] use
 soap  on v>ni%4 ,x may be us$ on !     
metal p>ts ( ! c>riage4 ,prep>$  *alk is
 ! be/ = poli%+ ! ornam5tal p>ts4 ,=    
glass1 clean  wat] & a clo? or *amois   
sk9 are all y ne$4      ,,"w ,,9 ,,!    

,,or*>d    ,illu/ration3 ,%ield-budd+   
,_m are ! light jobs 9 ! or*>d or fruit 
plantation1 :i* fall  to ! boys4 ,i "k a
 boy :o at ?irte5 0 8 fa!r's exp]t      
budd]4 ,!re are high s*ool boys 9       
localities :]e nurs]ies &  or*>ds are   
pl5tiful :o foll[ ?is z a trade1 mak+   
good wages  at x4 ,x is a wond]ful ?+ to
 d1 a v neat job 9 h&icraft1  & :ile a  
book might tell h[ x is done1 nobody    
c\ld le>n h[ to  bud or graft )\t see+ x
 done & !n try+1 till ! trick  is le>n$4
 ,boys also foll[ ! graft] & tie 9 ! bud
 or wax !  graft4    ,boys are (t5      
employ$ 9 v9ey>ds to foll[ ! prun]s &   
tie !  v9es to ! trellis or wire ) rags 
or raffia4 ,!y become v  exp]t & tie an 
incr$ible numb] 9 a day4 ,9 fact _m ( ! 
light  jobs gr[ pretty heavy aft] eight 
or n9e h\rs4      ,,mak+ ,,ru/ic        
,,furniture    ,collect+ mat]ial = mak+ 
ru/ic furniture is a pa/ime t is        
sugge/$ by walks 9 ! woods4 ,sometimes a
 bit ( twi/$ bran* may  look l ! arm ( a
 settee or ! leg ( a tea-table4 ,procur+

 !  fir/ "p sugge/s ! que/ = ! o!r      
pieces & ! fitt+ !m  toge!r to make a   
natural look+1 balanc$1 arti/ic piece4  
,ru/ic  furniture to be good1 %\ld appe>
 to h gr[n t way4 ,!re is  too mu* ( !  
k9d t looks z if x 7 made to sell4 ,!   
tru?  is t ! m truly arti/ic x is !     
bett] price x w br+  9 ! "r m>ket4      
,laurel wood is p>ticul>ly adapt$ =     
ru/ic  furniture4      ,,select+ ,,se$  
,,corn    ,by a c>eful /udy ( :at exp]ts
 h to say ab\t ! be/ corn =  se$1 & ( ! 
photographs ( e>s ( prize corn1 any "y  
man  ( intellig5ce may le>n to select f 
8 fa!r's field ! be/  corn = se$4 ,x may
 be t y\r fa!r buys 8 se$ corn f a      
se$sman4 ,my exp]i5ce is t se$ corn     
b\ght 9 bulk conta9s a  l>ge numb] (    
poor gra9s4 ,!y probably %ell ! :ole e>4
 ,!  be/ f>m]s nev] plant gra9s f tips  
or butts ( e>s1 s9ce x  co/s j z mu* to 
plant & cultivate & h>ve/ a runty corn  
/alk be>+ a nubb9 z x does a lu/y1 t[]+ 
/alk ) two good  e>s ( corn on x4       
,illu/ration3 ,prize se$ corn    ,f9d   

out :at a good e> ( corn looks l4 ,make 
note ( all !  po9ts to be enc\rag$4 ,!  
habit ( produc+ two good e>s ( corn  is 
a good "o to e/abli%4 ,g ?r\gh ! field  
:5 ! corn is ripe1  be=e ! husk]s1 &    
select ! be/ e>s1 ) all ! po9ts y  h    
le>n$ 9 m9d4 ,take (f ! out] husks &    
draw ! re/ back1  expos+ ! entire e>4   
,:5 y h t5 or a doz5 e>s braid !  husks 
toge!r1 />t+ ) ?ree e>s1 add+ "o aft]   
ano!r to  ! braid till all are secure4  
,fa/5 ) /rong tw9e & make a loop  to    
hang ! bun* by4 ,se$ corn %\ld hang = a 
few weeks 9 ! op5  to cure1 b %\ld be   
tak5 inside be=e sn[4 ,y w h to use  a  
good deal ( +5uity to keep *ick5s1 rats1
 squirrels1 & o!r  ?ieves away f y\r se$
 corn4    ,:5 spr+ comes ! corn %\ld be 
%ell$1 & e imp]fect gra9  %\ld be       
disc>d$4 ,by select+ ! se$ 9 ?is way1   
dem&+ (  ea* e> t x %all be p]fect1 y   
f9d ! crop w improve1 if  cultivation is
 good1 ! soil well enri*$1 & ! season   
normal4  ,e "t a f>m] boy uses 8 m9d    
fir/ 9 connection ) any k9d  ( "w1 !    

quality ( "w improves & 8 int]e/ 9 8 "w 
increases4 ,select+ se$ n only gives    
bett] corn b x helps make  a bett] f>m]4
      ,,mak+ ,,cid] ,,v9eg>    ,e good  
apple ye> !re are ?\s&s ( bu%els (      
apples t g  to wa/e4 ,x doesn't pay to  
pick & put !m into b>rels :5 !  price ( 
b>rels is m ?an y c get = ! apples4 ,!  
f>m] is  ! la/ man to le>n h[ to make   
use ( :at ord9>ily goes to wa/e4        
,nature is lavi% always1 b wa/es no?+4  
,! f>m] has le>n$  to be lavi% & wa/eful
 too4 ,!y say t e "p ( ! pig is  utiliz$
 9 ! pack+ h\se except ! squeal4 ,t is !
 pr9ciple  :i* ! f>m] w h to live by if 
he w\ld succe$4 ,:at c be  done ) ^?    
wa/+ apples8 ,let ! boys h !m to make   
into  pure cid] v9eg>4 ,e "o kn[s h[    
v9eg> has be5 adult]at$1  & n[ !        
law-mak]s h put _! veto on ! practice & 
a  p5alty to mat* ! crime4    ,!re is   
no?+ v difficult ab\t ! physical "p (   
v9eg>  mak+4 ,nature does ! h>d "w b we 
c aid nature by provid+  ! ideal        
conditions = mak+ ! product we want4    

,! be/ apples = mak+ pure cid] v9eg> are
 clean1 ripe apples4  ,if y use gre51   
dirty1 decay$1 or ov]-ripe apples1 y\r  
v9eg>  w probably n meet ! lawful te/s &
 y\r "t & "w w be  wa/$4 ,gre5 apples h 
n en\gh sug> 9 !m4 ,! same is true (    
ov]-ripe apples4 ,b !re isn't mu* sug> 9
 cid] v9eg>1 y  say4 ,no1 t is true1 b  
)\t sug> 9 ! cid] y w\ldn't get  any    
v9eg>4 ,if y 7 a *emi/ y c\ld f9d out j 
h[ mu*  sug> 0 conta9$ 9 ! juice ( y\r  
apples4 ,unless ! cid] has  #he p] c5t4 
( sug> x w n make v9eg> good en\gh to   
satisfy  ! requirem5ts ( ! law4 ,h[ev]1 
pl5ty is f\nd 9 cid] made  f s\nd1 ripe 
apples1 & he :o makes cid] out ( any?+  
else  des]ves to fail4    ,expose any   
fruit juice to ! air & x w *ange4 ,we   
say1 ,oh1 t  is f]m5t$1 & ?r[ x away4 ,b
 :at is ?is f]m5t8 ,set a glass  ( fre% 
apple juice 9 ! sun & wat* x4 ,9 a few  
days y c  actually see t "s *ange is    
tak+ place4 ,x is work+1 z !y  say4 ,!  
sug> is *ang+ to alcohol2 s ! *emi/s    
tell u4 ,:at  makes x d ?is8 ,! *emi/s  

mu/ answ] aga94 ,!y say t !re  are yea/ 
plants 9 ! apple juice4 ,h[ did !y get  
!re8 ,we did n  put yea/ 9 ! apple      
juice4 ,no1 b ! air is full ( ! spores  
( wild yea/ plants s ! juice does n h to
 wait till we put  9 dome/icat$ yea/ f a
 little silv] wrapp]4 ,z ^! yea/  plants
 gr[ !y cause ! sug> 9 ! juice to *ange 
to alcohol4  ,!re are lots ( o!r wild   
spores 9 ! air & 9 ! dirt :i*  collects 
on ! apples if !y are left out v long4  
,"s ( ^!  spores may be ( a k9d t w\ld  
delay ! f]m5tation4 ,= ?is1 if  = no    
bett] reason1 we %\ld wa% our cid]      
apples4    ,9 a glass ( cid] set out 9 !
 sun x does n take long = !  yea/ plants
 to conv]t all ! sug> to alcohol1       
because w>m?  ha/5s ! "w4 ,9 ! b>rel set
 9 a cool cell> x takes long]1  ab\t six
 mon?s4    ,b y h no v9eg> yet4 ,y h    
no?+ b h>d cid] :i*  isn't fit = any?+4 
,b 9 ! b>rel along ) ! yea/ plants  are 
lots ( o!r bact]ia1 to be se5 "u !      
microscope4 ,among !m  is a k9d t causes
 alcohol to *ange to acetic acid4 ,did y

 ev]  p\r (f ! v9eg> f a jug & f9d a    
mass ( jelly-l sub/ance  /opp+ ! m\? ( !
 jug8 ,!y call$ x "m didn't !y8  ,?is "m
 conta9s great numb]s ( acetic acid     
mak]s & if plac$  9 y\r b>rels w ha/5 ! 
*anges t fit ! h>d cid] = use  on !     
table4    ,! mak+ ( cid] v9eg> is almo/ 
all pr(it = !re is v  little outlay =   
mat]ials & v little "w is requir$4 ,x   
does take "s k ( :at to d & :54 ,a      
little /udy &  exp]i5ce makes success   
almo/ c]ta94 ,a bullet9 ( ! ,new ,york  
,/ate ,exp]im5t ,/ation at ,g5eva gives 
! foll[+ directions1  some:at abbreviat$
 "h1 = mak+ good cid] v9eg> at home3    
,use s\nd ripe apples1 pick$ be=e !y h  
become dirty or  cru%$4 ,obs]ve ord9>y  
precautions to secure cleanl9ess 9 gr9d+
  & press+1 & use no wat]4 ,let ! juice 
/& a few days to  settle1 !n draw (f !  
cle> liquid into b>rels t h be5  cleans$
 & treat$ ) /eam or boil+ wat]4 ,d n    
fill m ?an  ?ree f\r?s full4 ,put a     
loose plug ( cotton into ! bung hole4   
,if kept at a temp]ature ( fifty to     

=ty-five degrees ,fahr4 !  alcoholic    
f]m5tation w be complete 9 ab\t six     
mon?s4 ,?is "t  c be %ort5$ to ?ree     
mon?s by keep+ a temp]ature ( sixty-five
  to sev5ty degrees 9 ! /orage room & by
 add+ "o cake (  ,fleis*mann's compress$
 yea/ dissolv$ 9 a little wat]1 to e    
five gallons ( juice4 ,:5 ! cid] /ops   
'work+' y w "k  t ! sug> has all be5    
*ang$ to alcohol4 ,! cle> liquid %\ld   
n[ be drawn (f1 ! b>rels r9s$ & fill$   
aga94 ,to ea* b>rel  %\ld n[ be add$ f  
two to f\r qu>ts ( good v9eg> conta9+   
"s '"m4' ,if kept at a temp]ature (     
sixty-five to sev5ty  degrees ,fahr4 !  
v9eg> may be ready = use 9 six mon?s4   
,if kept  v cool x may be two ye>s4 ,:5 
s\r en\gh to be 'j "r' !  b>rels %\ld be
 fill$ z full z possible & tightly cork$
 or !  s\rness may disappe>4      ,,mak+
 ,,grape ,,juice    ,any girl ) a little
 exp]i5ce 9 cann+ fruit c make = home   
use & = sale a h>mless & delectable     
bev]age out ( ! surplus  grapes4 ,e good
 grape ye> on ! f>m !re comes ! "q (    

:at to d ) ! grapes4 ,a little jelly is 
made :5 ! grapes are  gre5 b mo/ p pref]
 currant jelly or blackb]ry or crab     
apple4  ,cann$ grapes are pron\nc$ no   
good by all ! family1 & grape  m>malade 
is full ( spl9t]s ( glass1 ?\gh h[ !y   
got !re  :o c say8    ,! h\sekeep+      
magaz9es give receipts = pres]v+ grapes 
b  cold /orage alone gives good results 
& few f>ms h cold /orage  plants4 ,^?   
grapes hang !re by ! bu%el & try z y may
 y d  n get !m all eat5 fre%4    ,grape 
juice is n w9e4 ,if y %\ld try to make  
w9e y w\ld  probably fail4 ,b unf]m5t$  
grape juice is easi] to make ?an jelly  
& z x ne$s no sug> y\r inve/m5t is      
small4 ,grape juice has food  value1 z x
 conta9s m solid matt] ?an milk1 & is   
recomm5d$  z a dr9k = *ildr5 & =        
invalids4 ,9 _m ,european c\ntries      
grape cures h long be5 popul>4 ,9 !     
pure1 unadult]at$1  unf]m5t$ juice ( !  
grape we h a palatable1 n\ri%+ food &  a
 refre%+ dr9k 9 "o4 ,x is highly        
recomm5d$ z a prev5tive  ( "s diseases1 

a cure = o!rs1 & z a re/orative ( g5]al 
heal?4    ,s mu* = ! product4 ,n[ h[ is 
x made8 ,x is possible to make  grape   
juice f />t to f9i% 9 ! op5 air4 ,if !  
grapes gr[  on an arb\r :at m delightful
 occupation c y imag9e ?an  sp5d+ a day 
or two conv]t+ ! p]fect fruit into      
nect>8 ,idl+  9 a hammock may appeal to 
"s1 b a r[ ( %9+ fruit j>s wor?         
sev5ty-five c5ts apiece looks bett] to  
an ent]pris+ girl ?an a  f9i%$ novel4   
,y w ne$ a table1 a rock+ *air1 a l>ge  
basket & scissors1  granite pans & d\ble
 boil]1 an oil or gasol5e /ove1 clean   
jelly  bag & flannel filt]1 j>s or      
bottles1 corks1 rubb]s1 etc4    ,:5 !   
grapes are j "r to eat out ( h& !y are  
"r =  grape juice4 ,gre5 or ov]-ripe    
grapes are n wor? work+ ov]4  ,disc>d   
all uns\nd fruit1 wa%1 & cru%4 ,put into
 a fre%ly wa%$  bag ( co>se1 /rong      
musl91 tie securely & twi/ & squeeze x  
until ! juice is all out4 ,two p c "w to
 advantage at ?is  job4    ,! juice %\ld
 n[ be put into a /one j> set 9 a pan ( 

wat] or  heat$ 9 a d\ble boil]4 ,x is j 
at ?is po9t t mo/ p  make a mi/ake &    
de/roy ! f9e flav\r ( ! grape by boil+ !
  juice4 ,x %\ld nev] boil4 ,if y h a   
!rmomet] use x n[4  ,! object ( heat+   
?is juice is to de/roy ! yea/ spores &  
o!r organisms :i* h alight$ on ! grapes 
z !y hung 9 !  arb\r & :i* are s small t
 !y came "r ?r\gh ! me%  ( ! musl9 bag4 
,a temp]ature ( "o hundr$ & eighty      
degrees to  two hundr$ degrees ,fahr4 is
 high en\gh4 ,take ! juice f ! fire  :5 
! two hundr$ ,fahr4 is rea*$4 ,a        
!rmomet] is n absolutely  necess>y4 ,:5 
! juice beg9s to /eam x is gett+ close  
up to two  hundr$ & twelve degrees      
,fahr41 ! boil+ po9t1 :i* y mu/  avoid4 
,mak+ prime quality unf]m5t$ grape juice
 requires two =5oons4  ,if y want y\r   
j>s to be cle> f top to bottom in/ead ( 
muddy ) s$im5t y w set ! juice away 9 an
 enamell$ or  glass vessel until morn+1 
:5 y w see :y ?is precaution is         
necess>y4 ,) greate/ c>e dip ! cle>     
liquid (f & filt]  x4 ,a flannel bag    

made 9 ! %ape ( a cone ) a /iff wire or 
wood5 r+ at ! top to hold x op51 is !   
be/ filt]4 ,sev]al  ?icknesses ( flannel
 or felt are bett] ?an "o4 ,all ! t9y   
p>ticles ( s$im5t w be caught 9 ! wooll5
 me%es & !  juice w be pure4 ,! la/     
traces ( settl+s1 w be remov$ &  !      
liquid w be cle>4 ,! col\r & flav\r w   
dep5d on !  k9d ( grape us$4    ,put !  
filt]$ juice into bottles or fruit j>s t
 h be5  /]iliz$ by boil+ 9 wat]4 ,d n   
fill !m q full4 ,wip+  is unnecess>y4   
,fit a false bottom made ( a ?9 bo>d or 
slats into  ! bottom ( ! wa%boil] & set 
! j>s ( grape juice )  rubb]s & cov]s on
 b n screw$ d[n 9 on ?is4 ,put wat] into
  ! boil] till x comes up to ! %\ld]s ( 
! j>s4 ,heat n[  until ! wat] is on !   
po9t ( boil+1 b d n let x boil4  ,remove
 j>s f ! wat] & screw d[n ! cov]s4 ,if  
bottles are  us$1 clean1 /]iliz$ corks  
mu/ be put 91 :ile ! juice is /ill  9 ! 
hot wat]4 ,if ! corks are v tight fur!r 
seal+ is n  requir$1 b wax or p>aff9e is
 put ov] !m by cauti\s p]sons to  make  

assurance d\bly sure4    ,qu>t j>s are  
probably mo/ economical & w f9d a ready 
sale4  ,grape juice w f]m5t v soon aft] 
unseal+ & %\ld be us$  imm$iately4 ,ev5 
a small family w h no difficulty 9      
consum+  a qu>t if giv5 ! opportunity4  
,_m delici\s dess]ts c be made  ) ?is   
juice comb9$ ) sug>1 eggs1 gelat9e1     
cream1 lemons1 &  o!r fruits4           
,,mak+ ,,leaf ,,m\ld    ,e ye> ,i see   
boys & girls rak+ leaves f ! lawns &    
ei!r pil+ !m 9 ! /reet or 9 ! back y>d &
 !n burn+  !m4 ,nobody likes an outdoor 
fire m ?an ,i d1 :e!r x is a  real camp 
fire1 a little back y>d faggot fire j   
en\gh to roa/  a few potatoes & onions &
 play gypsy1 or a big blaz+ bonfire1    
almo/ dang]\s & :olly spl5did4 ,:at ,i  
don't l is a sickly1  sm\ld]+ pile (    
leaves s5d+ out a suffocat+ smudge1     
bur/+  ) sudd5 flame at night & hav+ to 
be put out aft] y _h y\r  slipp]s on &  
_h begun a new book4 ,su* a fire is a   
nuisance to y  & to ! neighb\rhood & no 
satisfaction4    ,burn+ leaves is l     

burn+ money4 ,t is q ano!r way (  look+ 
at x4 ,:y1 mo/ p h to pay out money to  
get _!  leaves tak5 away1 y say4 ,true1 
b t is because we are su*  a lot (      
wa/]s4 ,we are j beg9n+ to le>n to be   
economical1  because we mu/4 ,to make a 
long /ory %ort1 turn y\r leaves into    
money by compo/+ !m4    ,= gre5h\se "w  
pure leaf m\ld is a necessity & ! supply
 (  ! real article is nev] equal to !   
dem&4 ,ask ! flori/ 9 y\r  t[n :]e he   
gets leaf m\ld & h[ mu* x co/s him4     
,mak+ leaf m\ld is simple4 ,all y h to d
 is to rake ! leaves  into a pile :]e !y
 c lie /ill & rot4 ,to make a really    
neat  job & lose none ( y\r "w or leaves
 make a frame ( bo>ds a foot  high or s 
& z l>ge z y ?9k y\r leaves w require4  
,set ?is  frame 9 "s "p ( ! y>d :]e x w 
n look unsightly b  z ne> ! s\rce ( leaf
 supply z is p]missible4 ,if y h to     
c>ry ! leaves by :eelb>r[ y w see ! =ce 
( ?is4 ,use a  pony & c>t = ! job if y h
 !m4 ,a big box or b>rel on a  :eelb>r[ 
is bett] ?an ! :eelb>r[ alone4 ,get a   

lay] ( leaves  a foot deep1 !n tramp x4 
,if wat] is h&y1 wett+ !m ) a few       
pailfuls w\ld make !m pack well4 ,put on
 lay] aft] lay] ( leaves  if pure leaf  
m\ld is to be made4    ,lay bo>ds ov] ! 
top to hold ! leaves d[n or ! autumn    
w9ds  w scatt] !m = y4 ,=k+ ov] a few   
times w ha/5 !  process ( decay4 ,a v   
small quantity ( leaf m\ld = home use c 
be made 9 a /ore box or b>rel4 ,?is %\ld
 n be wat] tight4 ,let  ! leaves be     
expos$ to all ! elem5ts2 ! ra91 ! air1  
freez+  & ?aw+1 help on ! process (     
decay4    ,leaves are a v valuable      
+r$i5t 9 ! mak+ ( compo/ = !  g>d54 ,i h
 f an exp]t g>d5] ?is receipt = 8       
fav\rite                                
,,g>d5 ,,fruit ,,cake        ,?ree p>ts 
select$ leaves4      ,?ree p>ts c[      
manure4      ,two p>ts g>d5 soil4       
,"o "p kit*5 refuse & we$s4      ,"o "p 
pa/ure sod4    ,compo/ ^! 9 alt]nat+    
lay]s = "o1 two1 or ?ree ye>s "u  cov]4 
,! result is a ri*1 br[n1 moi/ comp\nd  
:i*1 add$ to  common g>d5 soil at       

suitable times1 is w>rant$ to raise     
fl[]s &  vegetables fit = ! que5's      
table4    ,n[ !n1 in/ead ( burn+ y\r    
leaves1 g out & ga!r all y c  f !       
neighb\r's y>d z well z y\r own & make  
leaf m\ld4  ,comb9e ! boys on ! /reet   
into a ,leaf ,m\ld ,syndicate & get  !  
local flori/s int]e/$ 9 a home-made     
product4      ,,mak+ ,,lav5d] ,,/icks   
,! weav+ ( lav5d] /icks has be5 describ$
 to me z !  h>mless occupation (        
old-fa%ion$ f+]s4 ,9 ^! days :5 !       
revival ( old-"t indu/ries is s (t5     
und]tak51 x is well to  le>n f our aunts
 or our great-aunts "s ( ! fancy "w t   
employ$ _! elegant leisure :5 !y 7      
girls4 ,! lav5d]  /ick is su* a sweet & 
da9ty object t ,i hope = x a r5ew$      
popul>ity4 ,x is "o ( ! always          
acceptable gifts ! ,pacific coa/  c s5d 
to ! ,atlantic :]e x is s h>d to make   
lav5d] gr[4  ,i might say "h t !re is   
good reason to advise ! gr[+ (  lav5d] 9
 ! light lime/one soil ( "s ( our ,s\!rn
 /ates4  ,imm5se quantities are us$ 9 ! 

manufacture ( lav5d] wat] &  p]fum]y1 & 
al?\gh ! dri$ fl[]s are retail$ z a     
prev5tive  = clo!s mo?s1 ,i h grave     
d\bts ab\t t4    ,! be/ way to le>n h[  
to make lav5d] /icks is to h "s de>  old
 lady %[ y4 ,fail+ ?is y may try to     
foll[ ^! directions  & ! picture t goes 
) !m4 ,late ,june is ! be/ "t1          
,septemb] ! next be/4 ,! lav5d] mu/ be 9
 full fl[]4 ,if too  "y ! /ems w cure   
limp4 ,! f9e/ od\r passes ) ! go+  to   
se$4 ,cut ! fl[] /alks 9 cle> wea!r &   
be=e ! heat (  ! day4    ,illu/ration3  
,a lav5d] /ick    ,z "s lav5d] /icks    
%\ld be %ort] & "s long] to suit _!     
v>i\s purposes1 y %\ld next sort ! /alks
 into gr\ps accord+  to l5g?4 ,= a      
h&k]*ief box n9e %ort ones w\ld be "r4  
,to  make a l>ge /ick = a l95 closet    
%elf *oose tw5ty-five (  ! longe/1      
heavie/ heads4 ,always h an odd numb]4  
,/rip (f !  leaves1 draw ! /ems d[n till
 ! heads are all on a level1 !n tie  !m 
g5tly b firmly1 "u _! *9s ) s(t cotton  
y>n t  w hold b n cut4 ,use pl5ty ( /r+ 

& leave v long ends4  ,build ! ?i/le-l  
head into a %apely oval--b n ) cotton1  
aft] ! way ( ! ,phili/9es4 ,plump x out 
) a little %eaf  made ( ! heads t are   
too small to use1 & add a few leaves to 
r\nd x out4 ,) ^? long /r+ ends w9d !   
head1 n[1 & tie  securely4    ,! next   
/ep is "o :]e skill & c>e are necess>y4 
,ea* /em  is to be b5t directly backw>d 
at a %>p angle & x w be a  wond] if y d 
n break e o!r "o4 ,crease ea* /em ov]   
y\r  ?umb-nail be=e turn+ x back ov] !  
head4 ,:5 all are safely  rev]s$1 d\ble 
"o end ( a bolt ( lav5d] ribbon ov] "o  
/alk1  close to ! top & beg9 to weave4  
,! simple/ weav+ is ! mo/  arti/ic1 "u  
"o /alk & ov] ! next1 pass+ r\nd & r\nd 
till ! head is cov]$4 ,at ?is po9t x is 
be/ to fa/5 ! end (  ! ribbon1 w9d !    
/ems ) common /r+ & beg9 on ano!r till  
y h br\ght all to ! same /age4 ,lay !m  
all away = a mon?  to cure4 ,y w f9d t !
 weav+ w !n h to be tight5$  ab\t !     
head4 ,n[ w9d ! ribbon tightly r\nd !   
h&le & fa/5  x !re4 ,a tuft ( loops at !

 end is a simple & old-timey f9i%4  ,!  
less attempt at decoration ! bett]4 ,a  
lav5d] /ick is a v  acceptable gift = "o
 :o is fond ( its p]fume & c detect !   
aroma ( homely s5tim5t t m+les ) its    
sweetness4      ,,dry+ ,,corn    ,9 my  
girlhood ! surplus sweet corn 0 n left  
to dry on !  /alks4 ,x does n make v    
good fodd]4 ,! be/ e>s 7 m>k$  & left to
 rip5 = se$1 b ! surplus gre5 corn 0    
dri$4 ,!  boys w\ld br+ 9 a bu%el or s (
 e>s 9 ! husk4 ,we prep>$  ^! z c>efully
 z if = imm$iate use on ! table4 ,e silk
 0  remov$4 ,! e>s 7 !n put into boil+  
wat] a few at a "t &  left only five or 
six m9utes1 j long en\gh to set ! milk4 
,z  soon z ! corn _h cool$ suffici5tly  
we began to cut x (f1 )  ?91 %>p knives4
 ,) ! butt ( ! e> re/+ on ! flatte/  big
 platt]1 "o slic$ f top to bottom4 ,we  
_h ord]s n to cut  deep ! fir/ "t--j to 
take (f ! tops ( ! gra9s4 ,! next  cut 0
 ?91 too1 & came (f 9 a slice :i* fell  
ap>t4 ,we cut  ?ree slices1 at lea/1    
be=e we came to ! cob4 ,by ?is means we 

obta9$ a f9al product f> sup]ior to t ( 
! neighb\rs :o  made "o cut suffice4 ,:5
 a platt] 0 full1 ! corn 0 spread  ev5ly
 & put out 9 ! sun1 on a long table &   
cov]$ ) nett+  to keep (f flies4 ,:5    
p>tially dry we transf]r$ x to a l>ge   
clo? & cont9u$ ! dry+ until e ve/ige (  
moi/ure 0  gone f x4 ,x 0 !n put into a 
loose musl9 bag & hung up  ne> ! ceil+  
:]e mice & dampness c\ld n get at x4 ,i 
h  eat5 evaporat$ corn1 & f9d x a poor  
sub/itute = ! sun-dri$  article4    ,to 
prep>e dri$ corn = ! table wa% well1    
soak ov] night1 &  !n /eam sl[ly on !   
back ( ! kit*5 /ove f morn+ till  late  
aft]noon1 ) salt to ta/e4 ,by ?is "t mo/
 ( ! wat] w  h be5 absorb$ or evaporat$4
 ,! corn w be s(t & all its  native     
sweetness w be "r !re4 ,add a g5]\s     
libation ( cream1  a lump ( butt]1 a    
:isk ( pepp]1 & y h a delectable di%4   
,,mak+ ,a ,,t5nis ,,c\rt    ,! l>ge/    
item 9 all ! e/imates = mak+ a t5nis    
c\rt is  = lab\r4 ,if a boys' club c    
supply ?is !y c h a c\rt  )\t exp5se    

except = ! wire nett+ & ! necess>y po/s4
  ,a /&>d d\ble c\rt is sev5ty-eight    
feet by ?irty-six4 ,*oose a  well-dra9$ 
piece ( gr\nd2 ! m ne>ly level ! bett]4 
,locate  ! c\rts ) ref]5ce to ! "t ( day
 :5 !y w be mo/  us$ & ! direction ( !  
sun's beams at t h\r4    ,! fir/ job is 
to get rid ( ! grass & we$s1 root &     
bran*4 ,if  a pl\gh is us$ d n beg9 !   
levell+ until e root is gone4  ,turn+   
grass "u is bad practice4 ,"s k9ds (    
grass c gr[ no  matt] :i* end is up4    
,next ) rakes make ! surface fairly     
level4  ,level is "o ( ^? adjectives t c
 n be comp>$4 ,if a c\rt  is level x c't
 be any levell]1 & to be "r x mu/ be    
done )  a /raight edge & a _s level4 ,if
 !re is "o boy 9 :om y all  h confid5ce1
 x is a good plan to elect him boss ( ! 
job &  foll[ 8 in/ructions4 ,team "w is 
! "r ?+ 9 ?is k9d (  a job1 j z 9 games4
 ,:5 ! c\rt is level x mu/ be roll$ &   
roll$ & roll$ aga91 ) ! heavie/ roll] y 
c get4    ,a surface ( ord9>y dirt does 
n we> well4 ,"s p pref] to  spread on a 

lay] ( a%es1 next ?ree in*es ( s&1 soil1
 & clay  mix$4    ,roll ea* lay]        
?or\ghly4 ,= a top f9i% a v f9e gravel  
is us$  on "s c\rts1 s& is us$ on o!rs4 
,y w probably use t  :i* is mo/         
available4 ,clay is h>d to "w )1 b :5   
ov]laid  ) f9e s& makes a h>d c\rt on   
:i* ! swifte/ exp]ts c  play ) enjoym5t4
    ,! c>e ( ! c\rt %\ld be tak5 week   
ab\t1 two boys work+  toge!r4 ,! roll]  
%\ld be us$ (t51 especially aft] a ra91 
&  worn spots m5d$ imm$iately be=e !y   
get bigg]4    ,mo/ clubs c\nt 9 an      
exp5sive m>k] :5 e/imat+ ! co/ (  t5nis4
 ,an +5i\s boy c make "o = no?+4 ,a     
squ>e v>ni%  t9 or olive oil c hold+ a  
gallon or m c easily be held by a       
framework ^u a :eelb>r[ or :eel hoe 9   
su* a way t ! drip  f two nail holes w  
fall ^u ! broad rim ( ! :eel4 ,fold  a  
piece ( pap] into funnel %ape1 fill ! c 
) ?9 :itewa%  & pa9t mix$ & y are z well
 equipp$ z if y _h sp5t five  doll>s = a
 m>k]4    ,if conditions fav\r a grass  
c\rt ! sod %\ld be tak5 (f & !  gr\nd   

b5ea? spad$1 rak$1 & made level4 ,!n !  
sod %\ld be  mat*$ & laid accurately1 !n
 roll$1 spr9kl$1 & roll$ aga92  = ?ree  
days at lea/ ! roll+ & spr9kl+ %\ld be  
repeat$4      ,,%ovell+ ,,sn[    ,! boys
 ( our neighb\rhood made an abundance ( 
pocket-money 9 !  w9t] "t by comb9+ into
 a ,sn[ ,%ovell]s ,union4 ,mo/ ( !  m5  
on our /reet take e>ly tra9s & h v      
little "t1 & ev5  less incl9ation to    
%ovel sn[4 ,! boys are out e>ly be=e !  
sn[  gets pack$ on ! sidewalks4 ,!y "w  
by ! job or by ! h\r1  :i*ev] ! employ] 
pref]s4    ,at fir/ ! boys expect$ !    
employ]s to furni% ! tools4 ,b t  didn't
 "w v well4 ,to make "w a pleasure "o   
mu/ h 8 tools  "r & an exp]t sn[ %ovell]
 does n want to use a dilapidat$  spade 
on "o job1 a %ort-h&l$ %ovel "h1 & a    
long-h&l$ "o  !re4 ,he wants sn[ %ovell+
 tools & aft] a little exp]i5ce he  kn[s
 :at he wants4    ,! tools c be made by 
! boys4 ,our boys made a mo/ effici5t   
pl\gh = walks1 out ( *eap /ore boxes1 & 
a scrap] = /eps  t fit e corn]          

accurately s t "o scrape did ! trick &  
no false motions to wa/e "t & /r5g?4 ,= 
in=mal pa?s to  *ick5 h\se1 g>d51 etc41 
a %ovel made ( light b>rel /aves  saw$ 9
 halves 0 f\nd to be bett] ?an an       
exp5sive iron-b\nd  %ovel f ! dep>tm5t  
/ore4    ,if !re is a lame boy on y\r   
/reet take him into ! ,union too2       
al?\gh he c't keep up ) y at ! %ovel1 he
 c h a book1  keep track ( ! "t ea* boy 
c "w1 call at patrons' doors to  arrange
 ab\t _! "w1 & ^! ?+s are j z important 
z !  actual %ovell+4      ,,m[+ ,,lawns 
,9 summ] ! ,sn[ ,%ovell]s ,union c re=m 
into ! ,lawn ,m[]s  & ,irrigators1      
,limit$4 ,e ye> ,i us$ to s5d my lawn   
m[]  to a t9k] :o *>g$ me "o doll> &    
tw5ty-five c5ts =  %>p5+ x4 ,i le>n$ "o 
day & x made me sad1 t a lawn  m[]      
prop]ly c>$ = keeps itself %>p4 ,any boy
 :o is /rong  en\gh to run a lawn m[]   
ought to be sm>t en\gh to take c>e (    
"o4 ,he ne$s to "k h[ ! ma*9e is put    
toge!r1 :at p>ts d  ! "w & :]e ! we>    
comes on ! p>ts4 ,! directions :i*  come

 ) a good ma*9e are wor? read+4 ,! man  
:o sells ! m[]  may n be able to expla9 
any "p y don't und]/&4 ,8 bus9ess  may  
be to sell1 only4 ,if y g into ! h>dw>e 
/ore & f9d !  man :o kn[s all ab\t lawn 
m[]s1 he w be only too glad to %[  y h[ 
to run ! ma*9e s t x w d its "w & la/4  
,x  is to 8 int]e/ to h y recomm5d 8    
ma*9e4 ,make y\rself  famili> ) a ma*9e 
9 p]fect work+ ord]4 ,y\r e>s & y\r     
eyes ought to tell y :5 x is go+ wrong4 
,x is1 above all1 ( greate/ importance  
to "k h[ to adju/ a lawn  m[]4 ,a wr5*1 
a screw-driv]1 & an oil c %\ld be y\r   
con/ant  companions4 ,g ov] ! ma*9e be=e
 y beg9 & put x 9 %ape4  ,x is t5 m9utes
 well sp5t4 ,tight5 screws1 oil ! p>ts t
 rub1  adju/ ! knife to ! k9d &         
condition ( ! grass4 ,:5 ! job  is done1
 look ! m[] ov]4 ,if a screw is lo/ be  
sure to supply a  new "o be=e ! next    
us+2 clean ! ma*9e & put x away 9 a  dry
 place4      ,,utiliz+ ,,wood ,,a%es    
,boys :o h z "p ( _! daily "w ! clean+  
out ( a%es  w\ld d well to /op & consid]

 be=e !y dump _! pails4 ,coal  a%es are 
z ne>ly wor?less z any?+ ,i "k ( al?\gh 
!y c  be us$ 9 mak+ a t5nis c\rt1 & are 
ev5 advis$ by "s = a  v /iff g>d5 soil4 
,a g>d5 mu/ be pretty bad (f to be      
improv$  by coal a%es4    ,b !re are    
?\s&s ( cords ( wood burn$ e ye> & wood 
a%es are v valuable4 ,!re is no f]tiliz]
 equal to !m =  c]ta9 purposes4 ,n only 
are !y valuable at home1 b !y are an    
article ( comm]ce1 & h a m>ket value4   
,:o has a bett] "r to  ! a%es ?an ! boy 
:o manages ! a% pan8    ,b>rels are !   
mo/ conv5i5t receptacles to /ore a%es 94
 ,*eap  boxes come next4 ,!y %\ld be    
tight & kept "u cov]4 ,lea*+  takes !   
value out ( wood a%es4      ,,plant+    
,,crocuses ,,on ,,! ,,lawn    ,did y ev]
 see crocuses1 yell[1 lav5d]1 & :ite1   
scatt]$  in=mally 9 ! lawn1 com+ into   
blossom ) ! e>lie/ spr++  grass4 ,"o    
fall we tri$ ! exp]im5t ( pok+ a crocus 
bulb d[n  9 ! hole :]e we took out a    
d&elion & ! result 0 *>m+4  ,!re are    
philosoph]s :o pr(ess to a lik+ =       

d&elions 9 !  lawn4 ,p]haps x is        
,hobson's *oice ) !m1 z ) _m1 b  al?\gh 
! d&elion fl[] is bright z gold ! leaves
 are a real  nuisance4 ,!y are co>se &  
rank & !y resi/ ! lawn-m[]1  & disc\rage
 ! f9e grasses4 ,except :5 9 blossom !y 
are a  disfigur+ feature4 ,crocuses are 
c]ta9ly m delicate 9 fl[]  ?an d&elions 
& _! leaves are m l grass4 ,moreov] !y  
die d[n e>ly & are out ( ! way ( ! lawn 
m[]4 ,s in/ead (  j digg+ out a d&elion 
or a ?i/le & leav+ a b>e hole1 ,i       
recomm5d t y poke 9 a crocus bulb next  
fall4 ,y\r rew>d w  come 9 gold &       
purple4      ,,mak+ ,,ice    ,lots ( u  
get along )\t ice 9 w9t] because we _c  
af=d to  buy x all ! ye> r\nd4 ,we put  
?+s outside & !y freeze1 we  keep !m 9 !
 kit*5 & !y spoil4 ,! butt] is ei!r too 
h>d  or too s(t all ! "t4    ,boys &    
girls l ice-cream ! ye> r\nd & yet _m ( 
u d  )\t x 9 ! w9t] "t because ! iceman 
does n come ar\nd4  ,sometimes y may h  
?\ght :5 y broke ! ice 9 ! wat]+  tr\gh 
t !re 0 ne>ly en\gh to make a freez] (  

ice-cream4    ,did x n occur to y t y   
c\ld make home-made ice1 supply !       
refrig]ator 9 colde/ wea!r1 & make      
ice-cream :5ev] y want  x8 ,all y ne$ is
 ! cold wea!r & a heavy t9 pail4 ,fill !
  pail ) clean wat] "s cle>1 cold night 
& /& x :]e x  w get ! greate/ exposure4 
,if ! m]cury is a little bel[ z]o  x w  
freeze a coat ( ice two or m in*es ?ick 
on top & sides  ( ! pail4 ,turn ! pail  
upside d[n on a b5* & turn en\gh hot    
wat] ov] x to loos5 ! pail2 !n take x   
(f4 ,! ice on !  bottom w be ?94 ,break 
?is & dip out all ( ! wat]1 b ab\t  two 
in*es4 ,?is w freeze v quickly 9 cold   
wea!r & y c  put 9 m4 ,keep fill+ x up  
until y\r ice pail is solid4 ,x is  !n  
ready = ! refrig]ator4    ,f mak+ "o    
block ( ice 9 a heavy t9 pail x is an   
easy /ep to  mak+ a w9t] supply to /ore 
9 sawdu/ :]e ! sun _c melt x  dur+ a ?aw
 & :]e y c get at x :5 ne$$4 ,f ?is !   
logical conclusion is t a man & 8 boys  
c\ld make a supply (  ice = bo? summ] & 
w9t] by foll[+ ! same tactics4    ,h[   

well ,i rememb] ! h>d%ips ( ! ice       
h>ve/]s ( my home  neighb\rhood4 ,! ice 
_h to be cut 9 ! riv] ?ree miles away1 &
  haul$ up a bad hill4 ,if ! roads 7    
good ! ice 0 bad z a rule4  ,good       
sleigh+ meant ice cov]$ ) sn[4 ,!re 0   
always anxiety  = fe> we %\ld n get a   
supply1 & (t5 ! h\ses 7 fill$  ) ?9     
cakes1 = fe> ! cold wea!r 0 ov] = ! ye>4
 ,!n  ! haul+ & ! cutt+ 9 ! bitt] wea!r 
0 bad = m5 &  teams4 ,! ice 0 riv] ice &
 we knew x 0 unsafe4    ,a writ] 9      
,c\ntry ,life describes h[ he made 8    
supply (  home-made ice4 ,he fir/ _h a  
t9n] make heavy t9 boxes ( a size       
conv5i5t to h&le4 ,he _h !m made an in* 
small] at ! bottom  ?an at ! top & ! top
 0 b\nd ov] a heavy wire4 ,:5 ! cold    
wea!r came ! clean pans 7 fill$ f !     
well4 ,! cakes 7  turn$ out ( ! pans    
next day & dipp$ & fill$ j z describ$   
above1 z solid cakes =m$4 ,^! 7 pack$ 9 
! ice h\se =  ! summ]'s supply z fa/ z  
made4 ,! co/ 0 less 9 "t &  ca%1 ?an    
putt+ up wild ice1 ev5 includ+ ! co/ (  

pans1  :i* c1 ( c\rse1 be us$ ov] & ov]1
 ye> aft] ye>4      ,,cutt+ ,,se$       
,,potatoes    ,illu/ration3 ,= cutt+ se$
 potatoes    ,cutt+ se$ potatoes is a   
job t mo/ boys & girls dislike &  no    
wond]4 ,x takes s long1 is s dirty1 y\r 
?umb gets s scor$  & ev5 cut s]i\sly4 ,b
 mo/ fa!rs want ! potatoes cut be=e     
plant+ & :o is to d x b ! boys & girls8 
,two +5i\s  boys inv5t$ a contraption   
:i* decreas$ ! "t & lab\r to a  m9imum &
 almo/ made ! job a pleasure4 ,?is      
description ( _!  potato cutt] is adapt$
 f ,f>m+ = ,april1 n9ete5 hundr$ &      
sev54 ,a dry goods box hold+ sev]al     
bu%els 0 fitt$ ) f\r  /rong legs1 j long
 en\gh to lift ! box to a height        
conv5i5t  to sit by4 ,at ! bottom ( "o  
side ( ! box a bo>d 0 remov$ to  let !  
potatoes roll out on a %elf atta*$ b5ea?
 ! op5+4 ,!  %elf %\ld h a rim two or   
?ree in*es high & !re %\ld be a  crack  
:]e %elf & box come toge!r to let ! du/ 
sift d[n4 ,!  knife is driv5 into ! end 
( a %ort piece ( plank & held )  f5ce   

/aples4 ,! boy sits on ! plank4 ,!      
potato is pu%$ =w>d  aga9/ ! %>p blade &
 ! pieces drop into ! basket4 ,a man c  
cut =ty bu%els ( potatoes 9 a day ) ?is 
outfit4    ,! "w ought to be done out "u
 a tree1 & if ! boys want to  we> gloves
 to keep _! h&s clean & smoo? = m       
delicate  "w1 ,i %\ld enc\rage !m to d  
s4      ,,prun+    ,illu/ration3        
,rosebu% be=e prun+    ,:5 ,i see a lot 
( ignorant lab\r]s put onto ! job (     
prun+  trees1 my blood fairly boils4 ,_!
 "w1 unless ov]se5 by an  exp]t1 is pure
 but*]y4 ,_m a noble tree has be5 s     
mangl$ by saw  & axe t x has become an  
easy prey to all sorts ( diseases4      
,illu/ration3 ,rosebu% aft] prun+       
,prun+ is "w t requires intellig5ce4 ,9 
or*>d & door y>d  any "o ) ! /r5g? to   
wield a saw or %e>s c d ! annual  prun+4
 ,a woman c d x z ,i c te/ify1 except   
occasionally  :]e l>ge limbs are to be  
h&l$4 ,su* occasions seldom arise on  a 
well-c>$-= place4 ,x is impossible to   
treat ! :ole subject  ( prun+ 9 "o %ort 

*apt]1 b !re is no?+ difficult to       
und]/& ab\t ! pr9ciples or practice4 ,9 
t5 m9utes an exp]t  grape prun] c\ld %[ 
a pupil h[ to prune a grape-v9e s z to  
produce ! be/ & l>ge/ crop4 ,ea* k9d (  
%rub :e!r = fruit  or fl[]s requires its
 special treatm5t4 ,x takes exp]i5ce to 
acquire judgm5t b ! pr9ciples are easy  
to le>n & to practise4  ,y %\ld g to a  
book on prun+ to le>n j h[ to prune !   
v>i\s k9ds ( %rubs1 v9es1 & trees4      
,illu/ration3 ,! "r way4 ,! w\nd is     
heal+    ,illu/ration3 ,! wrong way4 ,! 
/ub prev5ts heal+    ,b if !re is a limb
 to be cut (f a tree 9 ! door y>d :o is 
likely to be delegat$ to ! job8 ,e boy  
ought to "k h[ to d  ?is "r4 ,y may be  
acqua9t$ ) ! boy :o sat on ! limb  &    
saw$ betwe5 ! tree & himself1 b y w     
c]ta9ly n  %>e 8 fate4 ,:5 y use ! prun+
 %e>s on ! bran*es &  twigs ( a tree or 
%rub y are1 s to speak1 cutt+ its       
f+]nails  or hair3 b :5 y g up ) a saw y
 are p]=m+ a f> m  s]i\s op]ation4 ,d n 
=get t ! life processes ( !  tree1 !    

circulation ( ! blood1 ! assimilation ( 
! food1  ! respiration1 all g on "r "u !
 b>k4 ,! he>t ( !  tree is a misnom]4 ,t
 fre% moi/ lay] :i* is uncov]$ by  !    
sk9n+ ( a tree is ! only "p ( ! tree :i*
 is really  actively alive & at "w4 ,?is
 lay]1 call$ ! cambium1 ext5ds  l a     
tight-fitt+ g>m5t ov] ! entire tree4 ,e 
t9y twig &  spur is ov]laid ) x4 ,if y  
ev] _h an infect$ f+] f  a scrat* or p9 
prick or cut y h "s idea ( ! dang] !    
tree is expos$ to :5 ! cambium lay] is  
laid b>e & ! w\nd  neglect$4 ,comp>e !  
two draw+s on ?is page4 ,look at ! trees
 9  y\r y>d4 ,are !re "s l ,no4 #a &    
o!rs l ,no4 #b8 ,9 ,no4 #a  ! prun] cut 
a bran* (f close up to ! ma9 trunk4 ,!  
w\nd 0  dress$ ) ?ick pa9t to close !   
pores4 ,all ar\nd ! edge (  ! w\nd 0 !  
cut edge ( ! cambium lay]4 ,a roll ( new
 tissue  =m$ !re1 cov]+ a "p ( ! w\nd ! 
fir/ ye>4 ,9 a ye>  or two m ! roll     
became broad en\gh to close ov] ! smoo? 
base  :]e ! sev]$ limb 04 ,! w\nd is    
heal$4 ,b look at ! long  /ubs ( ,no4   

#b4 ,t 0 ! "w ( a tree but*]4 ,already !
 /ub  has begun to rot & ! injury has   
gone f> into ! tree1 pa/ cure4  ,y h se5
 a f9e bo>d ru9$ by a knot hole8 ,t knot
 hole 0  made by c>eless prun+4 ,h y se5
 beautiful curly places 9  f9e woodwork8
 ,^? curls or eyes are made by ! heal+  
ov] (  places :]e limbs came (f4 ,z !   
cambium adds lay] aft] lay] ov]  x1 !   
base ( ! old limb becomes m & m deeply  
buri$ 9 !  wood4    ,le>n ! pr9ciples ( 
prun+3 cut (f ! bran*1 no matt] h[      
small1 close to ! trunk or l>g] bran* f 
:i* x grew2 cov]  ! w\nd ) a dress+ to  
prev5t decay4 ,trees1 %rubs1 v9es1 &    
bu%es %\ld be prun$ e ye>4 ,cut out all 
dead wood1 & !n  prune to %ape ! tree or
 %rub z y want x or to produce !        
greate/ quantity ( fruit1 blossoms or   
bran*es4      ,,clean+ ,,rugs    ,!     
sanit>y home has nev] a c>pet ^! days1 b
 rugs on b>e  floors4 ,^! rugs1 if small
 en\gh to h&le e week1 make !           
semi-annual old bugbe> ( h\se-clean+ a  
?+ ( ! pa/4 ,:at  c\ld be m dre>y ?an to

 come home f s*ool "s aft]noon &  f9d ! 
floors litt]$ ) flatt5$ old /raw1 s gray
 ) du/ z  to be sc>cely recognizable8   
,gett+ t /raw out 0 ! boys' "w1  ! girls
 did ! sweep+ & "m wa%$ ! floor4 ,h[    
*e]less  ! days t foll[$6 ,h[ damp !    
floors1 h[ extra c>eful we _h  to be n  
to c>ry 9 dirt on our way to b$6 ,! :ole
 h\se wore  a deject$ expression        
reflect$ by ! family4 ,all because ( ^? 
mis]able c>pets4 ,!y _h to be beat51    
too1 & ! cl\ds ( du/  t _h to be brea!d 
be=e we he>d ! welcome call1 ,t's  en\gh
 n[4 ,don't :ip t c>pet all to pieces4  
,fold x up & br+  x 94 ,z we fold$ x we 
realiz$ h[ f> f clean x really 0  & h[  
we long$ to turn ! hose on x4 ,b no "o  
_h ! c\rage  to sugge/ su* an unor?odox 
proce$+4 ,probably ! col\r w\ld all  run
 & ! c>pet w\ld %r9k & ev]y?+4 ,b anyh[ 
we wi%$ x  0 really clean1 n[ t s mu*   
discom=t _h be5 endur$ to clean  x4     
,rugs on b>e floors are pref]able4 ,!y c
 be swept & beat5 e  week & !y c be     
wa%$4 ,no rug %\ld be hung on a l9e to  

be  beat54 ,x is bad = ! rug & a wa/e ( 
en]gy4 ,a rug-beat+ rack  c be made :i* 
w save ! we> on ! rugs & get !m m  ne>ly
 clean ?an any o!r dry me?od ,i "k (4 ,x
 is describ$1 by  ,mr4 ,w4 ,c4 ,egan1 :o
 devis$ x1 z foll[s3    ,illu/ration3   
,rug-beat+ frame up aga9/ ! b>n    ,make
 a frame ( f\r by f\r p9e timb]s1 brac$ 
across ! corn]s4  ,x %\ld be some:at    
bigg] ?an ! bigge/ rug y expect to beat4
  ,/ret* galvaniz$ iron f5c+ ov] ?is    
frame & /aple x securely  all r\nd4 ,!  
be/ place = ?is frame is at ! side ( !  
b>n4  ,/rong /rap h+es %\ld be us$ to   
atta* x to a piece ( f\r by  f\r spik$  
to ! b>n at a height conv5i5t = y\r     
beat+4 ,:5  ! frame is n 9 use x is pu%$
 up & re/s aga9/ ! side (  ! b>n1 held 9
 place by hooks4 ,a rope & two pulleys  
enable "o  to raise & l[] ! frame       
easily4 ,:5 d[n1 ! frame re/s on  sw++  
legs made ( in* iron pipe & atta*$ to ! 
frame at !  out] corn]s4 ,! rug %\ld be 
laid on ! nett+ pile d[nw>d4            
,rug-beat+ is h>d "w no matt] :at k9d ( 

tools "o has4 ,b :o  does n love to ply 
! hose8 ,i made up my m9d once t a rug t
  _h to h an exp5sive compress$ air ba? 
or /ay dirty 0 n  liv+ up to its        
function z a sanit>y floor cov]+4 ,i    
exp]im5t$  ) an all-wool rug1 "s good   
:ite soap1 w>m ra9 wat]1 & a  scrubb+   
bru%4 ,a good la!r 0 laid fir/ on !     
back1 !n ,i ?rew  discretion to ! w9ds &
 la!r$ ! face ( ! ?+4 ,i scrubb$  x z if
 my life dep5d$ ^u mak+ ! col\rs run1 if
 !y w\ld4  ,!n ,i let ! *ildr5 turn !   
hose on x4 ,we turn$ x ov] & ov]  & ov] 
aga91 till x 0 v1 v wet4 ,x 0 also      
clean4 ,we left  x on ! grass 9 ! %ade !
 fir/ day4 ,!n we laid x /ill damp1     
face d[n1 on ! clean1 dry floor ( ! por*
 :]e ! sun c\ld get  at x & ! breeze4 ,x
 0 dry by ! night ( ! second day & s    
clean t x 0 a real joy to h&le x4 ,"o by
 "o we put e rug  9 ! h\se ?r\gh ! same 
c\rse ( treatm5t4 ,a c\ple ( ,wiltons1  
a few ( ,brussels c>pet+1 "s t 7 wov5   
out ( old +ra9  c>pets1 ! rag ones1 &   
f9ally ! preci\s ,ori5tals w5t ?r\gh  ! 

wat] cure4 ,be=e ,i d>$ d ?is la/ act1  
,i got advice f a  rug man1 :o said t   
really good rugs w\ld suff] no h>m f su*
  treatm5t4 ,b "o nev] believes until he
 tries x1 & n[ we all  believe1 & our   
rugs are m beautiful ?an be=e4 ,we      
treat$ !  be/ rugs v g5tly1 ( c\rse1 b  
none ! less ?or\ghly1 & we  dri$ !m face
 up on ! h>d floor "r 9 ! sun "p ( ! "t4
  ,x takes ab\t ?ree days & nights to   
get ! dampness all out4    ,illu/ration3
 ,rug-beat+ frame1 d[n 9 use    ,good   
rugs ought nev] to be treat$ r\ghly4 ,!y
 %\ld be swept  g5tly ) ! nap1 & nev]   
beat5 ) a :ip1 hung on ! l9e1  or %ak54 
,lay on a s(t c>pet ( grass or on a     
rug-beat+ frame &  beat g5tly ) a flat  
rattan beat]4 ,:5 roll$1 roll ) ! nap2  
nev] fold !m4          ,,xi    ,,mak+   
,,! ,,c\ntry ,a ,,bett] ,,place ,,to    
,,live ,,9      ,i once ask$ ,pr(essor  
,bailey1 ,:at is ! mo/ important f>m    
crop  rais$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates8    ,)\t a
 mom5t's hesitation he answ]$1 ,boys &  
girls4    ,( c\rse !y are4    ,! be/    

f>m]s1 ! real bone & s9ew ( ! c\ntry1   
are ! k9d  t raise ! crops !mselves1 )\t
 mu* help f ! outside4  ,!y gr[ ne>ly e 
?+ !y eat1 & ex*ange _! surplus =  !    
food & clo?+ t !y c't raise4 ,!re is a  
type ( f>m  life :]e ! family is br\ght 
up on ! pr9ciple t :at is too  poor to  
sell is good en\gh to eat4 ,! boys &    
girls ( su* a family  are too good = su*
 a life4 ,!y d n /ay 9 ! c\ntry4 ,l !   
big apples1 ! prize potatoes1 & !       
gilt-edge butt]1 ?\gh rais$  on ! f>m1  
!y are consum$ 9 ! city4    ,! c\ntry is
 ! be/ place 9 ! _w = boys & girls to   
gr[  up 91 j because x is ! c\ntry4 ,b  
!re are ways 9 :i*  c\ntry life c be    
improv$ & if ! gr[n folks are too busy  
rais+ crops1 ! "y folks mu/ head !      
campaign :i* is to make  ! c\ntry a     
bett] place to live 94    ,s9ce ?is is a
 book on outdoor "w we _c consid] ways (
 mak+  ! life indoors m attractive1 m   
com=table1 m conv5i5t1  & m sanit>y1 b  
conc]n ourselves ) outdoor problems     
only4    ,boys & girls1 /op & ?9k4 ,:at 

c y d to make y\r own  p>ticul> corn] ( 
! c\ntry a bett] place = y & y\r        
companions to live 98 ,:5 a cr[d ( boys 
meet toge!r1 :at d !y  talk ab\t8 ,are  
!y int]e/$ 9 local affairs or d !y tell 
ea*  o!r ( ! great ?+s !y expect to d :5
 !y get away8 ,a wise  old man once     
said1 ,9 a republic y ought to beg9 to  
tra9 a *ild  = good citiz5%ip on ! day (
 its bir?4    ,are y go+ to be a good   
citiz58 ,are y patriotic8 ,d y salute  !
 flag at s*ool1 & !n g out & break !    
game laws8 ,tra9 n[  = citiz5%ip4 ,!re  
is m patriotism 9 obey+ ! laws ( y\r    
home1 y\r s*ool1 y\r t[n1 & y\r /ate ?an
 !re is 9 p>ad+  ) flags & b& 9 !       
,national ,gu>ds4 ,good citiz5%ip beg9s 
at  home4 ,h[ c y make y\r own home a m 
desirable place = y\r  bro!rs & si/]s to
 live 98 ,take a look at ! h\se4 ,is x  
pla9  & unadorn$ & uncom=table8 ,are !  
surr\nd+s b>e & ugly8  ,h y _h exp]i5ce 
9 build+1 pa9t+1 & plant+8 ,if y c  help
 build a corn crib1 y c make a por* ov] 
! front door or a  sidewalk connect+ !  

back door ) ! pump or ! milk h\se4 ,if  
y c help pa9t ! b>n1 :y n ! h\se8 ,if y 
c plant trees  9 ! or*>d1 :y n %rubs 9 !
 door y>d1 & v9es ov] !  por*8 ,don't   
?9k y mu/ h exp5sive pill>s & fancy     
rail+s4  ,!y w n look z well z ru/ic "w 
or pill>s ( home-made  cem5t4 ,! v9es w 
soon cov] ! por* ) _! gre5]y if  giv5   
half a *ance4      ,,outdoor ,,clubs    
,h y a boys' club 9 y\r neighb\rhood8   
,or a girls' club8 ,y us$  to h a lit]>y
 society 9 s*ool1 & x fail$8 ,:y 0 t8 ,!
  boys didn't take any int]e/ 9 x4      
,:y n h a club t ! boys w take an int]e/
 9 & a club  t ! girls w take an int]e/ 
98 ,:at k9ds ( clubs d boys  l8 ,a?letic
 clubs :]e !y wre/le1 box1 turn h&spr+s1
 h  jump+1 skat+1 walk+1 & runn+ mat*es1
 & play su* games  ( skill & endurance z
 h>e & h\nds1 pit*+ horse%oes1 &        
baseball4 ,!y l all sorts ( clubs t get 
real ?+s done1 l  rais+ prize corn or   
cotton or pigs or tra9+ colts or /e]s or
  dogs4 ,boys & girls l to compete =    
prizes4 ,h[ boys or girls  w "w to d    

some?+ s mu* bett] ?an any o!r boy or   
girl 9  ! cr[d t ! judges w aw>d ! prize
 to !m4 ,x is h>d 9  conte/s l ^! to be 
able to walk up l a true sportsman &    
congratulate ! w9n]4 ,b a boy c le>n to 
d x2 s c a girl4  ,all ov] ! ,unit$     
,/ates boys are b&+ toge!r to raise     
bett]  corn1 bett] cotton1 bett] *ick5s1
 bett] fruit4 ,nor?1 we/1 ea/1  & s\?1  
?\s&s ( boys are rais+ corn4 ,!y te/ _! 
se$1  prep>e ! soil1 plant1 cultivate1 &
 h>ve/ ! crop1 weigh x1  take x to !    
exhibition :]e !y comp>e x ) o!r boys'  
crops1  & see = !mselves :o has ! be/   
yield4 ,"o boy1 a memb] (  ! ,w9nebago  
,c\nty ,f>m] ,boys' ,exp]im5t ,club took
 fir/ prize (  fifte5 doll>s 9 gold = ! 
be/ t5 e>s ( corn4 ,?is club has  ab\t  
elev5 hundr$ memb]s4 ,!re is a ,w9nebago
 ,c\nty ,girls' ,home  ,culture ,club ) 
an equally l>ge memb]%ip4 ,^! boys &    
girls are  gr[+ up to be good citiz5s "r
 !re 9 ! c\ntry1 :]e !y  7 born4 ,!y    
don't h to g to ! city to f9d education 
or good  mann]s or a good "t4 ,! fa!rs &

 mo!rs1 ! s*ool tea*]s1  ! m9i/]s1 & !  
c\nty sup]9t5d5t ( s*ools all "w  toge!r
 9 ,w9nebago ,c\nty1 ,ill41 & !y c      
ev]y:]e4    ,illu/ration3 ,photograph by
 ,hel5 ,w4 ,cooke4 ,is ,?is ,"w or      
,play8    ,! boys 9 y\r home s*ool c =m 
a ,boys' ,agricultural ,club n[4  ,!    
fir/ ?+ y ne$ is in=mation ab\t o!r     
clubs4 ,y\r club  w n be j l ! o!rs4 ,x 
ought n to be4 ,b if y "k  h[ ! o!rs are
 manag$ x w help y to manage y\rs4 ,s5d 
to  ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1         
,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 & ask = ,f>m]s'      
,bullet9 ,no4 #che on ,boys' & ,girls'  
,agricultural ,clubs4 ,on page  fifte5 (
 ?is bullet9 are sugge/ions z to an     
invitation to be s5t  out = ! fir/      
meet+4 ,if y\r tea*] is will+ y c hold  
! fir/ meet+ "s ,friday aft]noon 9 !    
e>ly spr+ at !  s*ool-h\se4 ,if ! tea*] 
is n yet int]e/$ hold ! meet+ at  "s    
home 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,if y are        
acqua9t$ ) ! c\nty  sup]9t5d5t or !     
s*ool commission]1 tell him ab\t ! club 
y  want to />t1 & maybe he w arrange = !

 fir/ meet+ & get  all ! boys & girls 9 
! c\nty organiz$4 ,y c\ld h a local     
*apt] ( ! club1 ) local exhibits & local
 prizes2 !n y  c\ld h a space at ! c\nty
 fair1 & memb]s ( diff]5t clubs  all ov]
 ! c\nty c\ld compete = fir/ prize4     
,! bullet9 gives sugge/ions = a         
con/itution1 enrollm5t (  memb]s1 & a   
s*eme = c>ds on :i* to keep a record ( !
 crop  y are go+ to gr[4 ,!re are rules1
 too1 t ea* p]son :o  competes = prizes 
mu/ obs]ve4    ,a good _m boys' clubs   
/>t 9 ) gr[+ a crop ( corn1 &  girls'   
clubs ) bread-mak+4 ,!y ne$ n d ^! same 
?+s  e ye>1 al?\gh "o c le>n some?+ new 
ab\t gr[+ corn1  rais+ *ick5s1 or mak+  
bread e ye>4    ,! c\ntry w\ld be a     
bett] place to live 91 if !re 7 m  boys'
 & girls' clubs4      ,,attract+ ,,birds
    ,! c\ntry w\ld be a bett] place to  
live 9 if !re 7 m song  birds !re4 ,i "k
 ( a %rewd firm ( real e/ate m51 :o wi%$
  to attract a c]ta9 class ( resid5ts to
 _! suburban section1  kn[+ t o!rs w\ld 
foll[ & prop]ty become m valuable4  ,!y 

laid out ! woodsy tract ) z little *ange
 f ! natural  conditions z !y c\ld1 &   
/ill h a sanit>y1 conv5i5t1 &  com=table
 suburb4 ,!y did n *op d[n ! trees 9    
ord] to run  /raight roads ?r\gh1 nor   
did !y fill 9 ! small gully t  want$ to 
be a brook4 ,!y enc\rag$ ! brook & ran  
_! roadways  s z to avoid ! big trees & 
give ea* build+ site a "* (  its own &  
privacy4 ,!n !y put a man 9 *>ge ) /rict
 ord]s  to make ! place attractive to   
song birds2 to protect & fe$ !m2  to    
de/roy _! enemies4 ,he 0 also to fo/] & 
enc\rage su* wild  fl[]s & f]ns z grew  
naturally 9 ! woods1 & to propagate &   
increase !m s z to make ! place a       
p>adise4 ,! man ent]$ into  ! _s ( _!   
idea & succe$$ wond]fully4 ,! real e/ate
  m5 adv]tis$ & ! "r p came & 7 conv9c$ 
& b\ght  homes !re & liv$ happy ev]     
aft]4      ,,br++ ,,back ,,! ,,song     
,,birds    ,h[ c boys & girls br+ back  
our song birds8 ,i w n say  mu* ab\t :y 
we want !m1 = 9 enlight5$ ,am]ica we    
take  x = grant$4 ,"s p /ill want to be 

conv9c$ t birds  are ( practical value4 
,i w say only t ! damage to crops by    
insects 9 n9ete5 hundr$ & f\r1 is       
e/imat$ at n9e hundr$ &  sev5ty-five    
million doll>s4 ,inve/igations by       
sci5ti/s 9 /ate &  nation all g to prove
 t a va/ p]c5tage ( ?is loss c\ld h  be5
 sav$ by birds4 ,i wi% e *ild w\ld be   
ambiti\s to increase  ! bird life on e  
f>m1 on e village block4 ,"h are "s     
facts t ought to be conv9c+4 ,i take !m 
at r&om f my notes3    ,k+birds kill    
bot-flies4    ,br[n ?ra%]s fe$ mo/ly on 
insects1 especially :ite grubs &        
curculios4    ,cat-birds1 cuckoos &     
orioles are v important enemies ( gypsy 
mo?4    ,! r$-ey$ vireos are premium    
cat]pill> hunt]s4    ,bluebirds bo>d    
!mselves4 ,eat cut-worms1 furry         
cat]pill>s1 &  gras%opp]s4    ,wr5s'    
food is n9ety-eight p] c5t4 animal      
matt]4    ,w>bl]s1 titmice1 creep]s1 &  
nut hat*es eat lice4    ,a pair ( rob9s 
f$ _! ne/l+s ?is m5u 9 ?ree h\rs1  br++ 
food e ?ree m9utes3 sixty-"o e>?-worms1 

sixte5  yell[ grubs1 ?irty-eight o!r    
insects4 ,also f\r gras%opp]s1  sev]al  
dragon flies1 & a few mo?s4    ,rob9s   
rank fir/ z enemies ( :ite grub4        
,k+birds protect p\ltry by driv+ away   
hawks2 n9ety-eight p] c5t4  ( _! food is
 insects1 mo/ly injuri\s sorts4         
,woodpeck]s de/roy grubs 9 liv+ trees4  
,phoebes cat* flies1  light+ on backs ( 
cattle s z to be h&y2 also elm-leaf     
beetle1  adults ( cank]-worms1 cut-worms
 & gypsy4    ,baltimore orioles are wor?
 _! weight 9 gold z de/roy]s ( gypsy  & 
br[n-tail mo?s4    ,rose-brea/$         
grosbeaks clean$ out potato beetles4    
,sc>let tanag]s ate gypsy mo?s at ! rate
 ( ?irty-eight p] m9ute  = eighte5      
consecutive m9utes4    ,?irty c$> waxw+s
 w de/roy n9ety ?\s& cank]-worms 9 a    
mon?4    ,s we c pile up ! evid5ce 9    
fav\r ( ! birds4      ,,h[ ,,to         
,,attract ,,birds    ,two words tell u  
:at to d to increase bird life3 provide 
&  protect4 ,we mu/ provide food1 wat]1 
& ne/+ places4 ,we mu/  protect f       

di/urbance1 f natural enemies1 f        
de/ruction by  hunt]s :o sell ! fea!rs4 
,illu/ration3 ,a birds' table hung )    
wires    ,all ov] ! c\ntry1 laws to     
protect birds are be+ introduc$ into    
legislatures4 ,boys & girls may ?9k t !y
 _c d mu* to help  make laws4 ,!y c if  
_! fa!rs are 9 ! legislature z lots (   
fa!rs are1 take ! c\ntry ov]4 ,maybe y\r
 fa!r does n "k  h[ mu* birds are wor?4 
,get him to read ! bullet9s issu$ by !  
gov]nm5t4 ,! boys :o protect ! birds    
ar\nd home w be ! law  mak]s "s f9e day 
!mselves4 ,!y'll see to x1 !n4    ,b n[ 
:at c y d to-day8 ,is x w9t]8 ,fe$ !    
birds4 ,!re  are _m w9t] bird resid5ts4 
,:]e are ! insects 9 w9t]8 ,h  !y gone  
s\?8 ,n a bit ( x4 ,!y lurk "u ! b>k on 
y\r  apple trees4 ,!y hide on ! f5ce    
rails & "u ! leaves4 ,tru/  ! birds to  
f9d !m unless sn[ prev5ts4 ,! extra fe$+
 y  give !m w n toll !m away f ! insect 
food !y love1 b  w keep !m on ! job & w 
keep !m f />v+ 9 /ormy  wea!r4 ,wat]1   
too1 !y (t5 suff] = 9 w9t]4 ,supply x 9 

%all[ bas9s & slightly w>m$4 ,tie suet  
to ! trees2 sacks made  ( loose nett+ w 
hold nut meats = !m4 ,scatt] gra9 = !   
gra9 eat]s on a plat=m4    ,9 spr+      
furni% ne/+ places & mat]ial1 protection
 f cats &  di/ress+ di/urbances2 mud =  
rob9s1 /r+ = orioles1 floss1  fea!rs1 & 
/raw = o!rs4 ,d some?+ e day = y\r      
birds4  ,dr9k+ f\nta9s are a necessity1 
especially 9 t[ns :]e !re is  no runn+  
wat]4 ,%all[ bas9s are be/4 ,!y w (t5   
come "r  to ! door & dr9k or ba!1 unless
 fright5$ by "s real or  fanci$ dang]4  
,to make ! birds tame y mu/ make !m feel
 safe1  & supply _! wants4      ,,!     
,,traffic ,,9 ,,bird ,,sk9s    ,n _m    
girls we> birds' fea!rs 9 _! hats4 ,b _m
 wom5 d1  & girls get to be wom5 v soon4
 ,no "o kn[s h[ _m birds are  slaught]$ 
9 ,am]ica ea* ye> = hat trimm+s4 ,a few 
facts are  available su* z3 sev5ty ?\s& 
sk9s 7 s5t 9 f\r mon?s  f a small       
di/rict on ,long ,isl&2 "o ,new ,york   
h\se contracts  to furni% to ,p>is =ty  
?\s& sk9s 9 "o season2 f\r hundr$  ?\s& 

bird sk9s f ,am]ica sold 9 "o ,london   
auction room 9  ?ree mon?s4 ,^! numb]s  
fairly /agg] ! read]4 ,i don't "k "o    
,am]ican girl :o w\ld kill a bird4 ,if e
 "o ( !m w\ld refuse  ev] to we> any    
bird fea!rs !re w\ld be a great fall+ (f
 9  ?is traffic4    ,collect+ birds'    
eggs & ne/s is /ill q common1 & %\ld be 
disc\rag$4 ,! pres5t /ate ( ! bird      
population does n w>rant  ! de/ruction (
 any except = ! big museums4 ,_!        
collectors  are tra9$ exp]ts :o collect 
only su* birds z are ne$$ =  sci5tific  
purposes4 ,!y g at ! "r season to d !   
lea/  damage1 & !y d n slaught] by      
:olesale4    ,besides cats1 :i* c be    
regulat$ to a c]ta9 ext5t 9 our homes1  
birds h o!r enemies4 ,cr[s1 ?\gh        
valuable insect eat]s1 are bad  ne/     
robb]s & h be5 caught 9 ! act ( kill+   
ne/l+s &  ev5 small adult birds4 ,snakes
 eat bo? eggs & "y4 ,gu>ds = cats  w    
keep out squirrels :i* mole/ ! birds'   
ne/s4 ,gr\nd ne/+  birds may be protect$
 ) wire nett+4 ,:]e ?is has be5 tri$1  9

 no case did x cause birds to des]t !   
ne/s4    ,birds ne$ ?ickets1 h$ge-r[s & 
%rubb]y = ne/+ places1  hid+ places1 &  
%elt] f /orms4    ,e f>m] :o kills !    
birds on 8 place ju/ifies ! de/ruction  
by ! evid5ce t !y eat fruit4 ,true1 "s (
 !m d4 ,b if  wat] is provid$ _m ( !m   
pref] x to fruit juice4 ,to pres]ve  our
 /rawb]ries & *]ries1 we %\ld plant     
,june b]ry & ,russian  mulb]ry1 :i* !   
birds l bett]4 ,*okeb]ry1 buck?orn1 eld]
  b]ry1 & mulb]ry w attract birds away f
 blackb]ry &  raspb]ry pat*es4 ,wild    
*]ry w protect ! grapes1 z bo? rip5     
late4      ,,dome/icat+ ,,wild ,,game   
,! c\ntry w\ld be a m attractive place  
to live 9 if !re 7  m wild game4 ,?irty 
ye>s ago1 :5 ,i 0 a little girl 9 !     
middle ,we/1 my bro!rs us$ to %oot      
prairie *ick5s 7gr\se71  quail          
7bob-:ite71 wild geese1 brant1 wild     
ducks1 & ev5 bigg]  birds4 ,b n[ ! guns 
are all ru/y1 & ! p[d] flask is empty4  
,i  came across ! old wad-cutt] 9 !     
attic & h>dly recogniz$ x4    ,ef=ts are

 be+ made 9 sev]al /ates to re> wild f[l
 9 !  b>n y>d4 ,bob-:ite1 gr\se1 mall>d1
 wood ducks1 & ,canada geese  are be+   
exp]im5t$ ^u4 ,a measure ( success has  
already be5  a*iev$1 b m exp]i5ce is    
necess>y especially ) reg>d to  ! fe$+ (
 ! "y birds4    ,illu/ration3 ,a wood   
duck w ne/ 9 a box l ?is    ,probably ! 
wild f[l = "y hunt]s to exp]im5t ) is   
wood  duck or mall>d4 ,a man ^: t5 ye>s'
 exp]i5ce ) rais+ wild  f[l has e>n$ him
 ! title ( exp]t1 writes z foll[s3 ,i   
?9k  x w\ld be a mo/ useful "w to       
educate our "y p up to !  fact t ) a    
little pati5ce & a small outlay !y c    
help to  increase our supply ( wild     
birds4 ,= rais+ wood ducks1 all "o  ne$s
 is a small pond or ev5 an artificial   
tank surr\nd$ by a few  bu%es enclos$ by
 a wire f5ce4 ,9 "o corn]1 place a box  
on a po/  ?ree feet high ) a cleat$     
bo>dwalk lead+ up to a plat=m f  :i* !y 
c rea* ! entrance1 :i* %\ld be a r\nd   
hole4 ,turn a  pair ( wood ducks into ! 
enclosure ! fir/ ( ,m>*1 & ) luck  y\r  

duck w build h] ne/1 & lay f eight to   
twelve eggs4 ,9  ab\t f\r weeks ! eggs w
 hat* & ! tr\bles comm5ce4    ,he goes  
on to say t "s k9ds ( wild geese are    
comp>atively easy  to raise & t !y d n  
require mu* ( a pond1 b ample graz+     
facilities1 l _! dome/ic relatives4     
,mall>ds1 also1 are v  easy to raise4   
,z wild f[l br$ 9 captivity br+ a v good
 price & ! dem&  is increas+ ) ! spread+
 int]e/ 9 ! subject1 rais+ wild  f[l    
might be a s\rce ( income to an         
ent]pris+ "y man or woman4    ,all spr+ 
%oot+ ( wild f[ls ought to /op4 ,don't  
say1 ,if ,i don't  %oot !m1 somebody    
else w4 ,t is n ! attitude ( a good     
sportsman4 ,public op9ion among boys c  
only be e/abli%$ by boys4  ,if y don't  
believe 9 hunt+ 9 spr+1 :5 ! ducks are  
lay+  or brood+ ! "y1 y c n only /op do+
 x1 b y c  influ5ce o!rs4 ,w y d ?is8   
,to kill "o "m duck ?is ye>  means eight
 or t5 less next ye>4 ,x is a pla9      
example 9 ari?metic  to see :at a big   
blund] y make if y %oot 9 spr+4      ,a 

,,game ,,pres]ve    ,if y live on a big 
f>m or ran* well wood$ & wat]$1 y\r     
conditions are ideal = creat+ a private 
game pres]ve4 ,if a few  wild birds are 
kn[n to be already at home on y\r place1
 enc\rage  !m4 ,let !m bre$ 9 security &
 plant _! fav\rite food crops4  ,small  
areas ( l& 9 v>i\s out ( ! way places c 
be pl\gh$  & plant$ 9 spr+ to buck:eat &
 millet1 :eat1 rye1 & b>ley4    ,!      
bob-:ite has become s r>e t y w probably
 h to plant  "s se$ birds1 z !y say4 ,!y
 c be b\ght = five to t5  doll>s a doz54
 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 t ! birds are n      
fright5$  :5 lib]at$4 ,to sp5d t5 doll>s
 = birds1 only to lose !m by            
c>elessness1 is poor bus9ess4 ,^!       
sugge/ions are giv5 by an  exp]i5c$ game
 w>d53 ,take ! box$ birds out ne> "s    
good1  ?ick %elt] :]e !y c hide & ga9   
confid5ce4 ,atta* a long  rope to a soap
 box1 scatt] gra9 ab\t ne> ! end ( ! box
 ne>e/  ! cov]1 & scatt] %eaf gra9 along
 t[>d ! cov]4 ,take only  ?ree cocks &  
?ree h5s f ! %ipp+ box & put !m 9 !     

lib]at+ box4 ,g "s di/ance (f & be      
delib]ate4 ,let ! quail  get re/$ &     
quiet4 ,pull ! long rope1 lift+ ! box   
g5tly &  /eadily4 ,! birds w see ! gra9 
& hop out4 ,wat* !m f  y\r safe di/ance 
foll[+ ! :eat t[>d ! cov]4 ,keep up !   
supply ( :eat until !y are accu/om$ to  
_! new home1 & c  f9d _! way back aft]  
roam+4 ,birds %\ld n be plant$ lat]  ?an
 ,may fir/4      ,,protect+ ,,! ,,wild  
,,fl[]s    ,! c\ntry w\ld be a bett]    
place to live 9 ! :ole or "p ( !  ye> or
 to visit = a day or a week or a mon? if
 !re 7 m wild  fl[]s !re4 ,ev5 ! man :o 
doesn't "k "o fl[] f ano!r  w ackn[l$ge1
 if ask$1 t wild fl[]s make ! woods & ! 
roadsides & ! mead[s pretti] to look at4
    ,! c\ntry ov]1 our lovelie/ wild    
fl[]s h met ! same fate z  !            
bright-fea!r$ birds4 ,!y h be5 hunt$ =  
_! blossoms  & ! ga!r]s h n c>$ :e!r !y 
pull$ ! plants up by  ! roots or n4 ,!  
case ( trail+ arbutus is a p>ticul>ly   
sad  "o4 ,9 localities :]e x us$ to     
fl\ri%1 selfi% & wanton h&s  h lit]ally 

root$ x out until none rema9s4    ,only 
lately has any ef=t be5 made to protect 
! wild fl[]s &  multiply !m4 ,n[1 9 !   
g5]al awak5+ ( ! public to ! fact  t we 
are blund]+ & wa/eful1 a widespread     
int]e/ has gr[n up  9 sav+ ! wild fl[]s4
    ,9 y\r own locality y c help ?is    
good "w4 ,refra9 f  de/roy+ ! plants    
y\rself4 ,:5 y ga!r fl[]s 9 woods or    
mead[ d s 9 mod]ation4 ,a few loose1    
graceful sprays w give y  z mu* pleasure
 z a huge bun* in>ti/ically cr[d$ into a
 vase4  ,h y n (t5 se5 *ildr5 return+ f 
a walk 9 ! woods  be>+ h&fuls (         
columb9e8 ,^! frail blooms wilt 9 ! hot 
sun1  & ! roadway is (t5 /rewn ) =lorn  
bun*es ( !m1 dropp$  by tir$ *ildr54 ,h[
 mu* bett] t ea* *ild %\ld ga!r a few  &
 put !m all 9 a botanical case or wet   
pap] to be di/ribut$  :5 !y rea* home4  
,^? hundr$s on ! du/y road w nev] be    
visit$ by ! ruby-?roat$ humm+-bird1 nor 
set any se$ = next  ye>'s fl[]s4 ,old]  
boys & girls c d mu* to influ5ce !      
y\ng] ones to ga!r sp>+ly4    ,ano!r way

 to increase ! wild fl[]s 9 y\r locality
 is to  propagate !m4 ,ga!r _! se$s &   
plant !m 9 y\r g>d5  :]e y c protect !  
"y se$l+s f h>m4 ,:]e !y are  big en\gh1
 set !m out :]e !y w h natural          
conditions4 ,or  und]take a bit ( wild  
g>d5+ "r 9 ! woods or ! roadside  :]e ! 
plants gr[ naturally4 ,cle> out less    
desirable sorts1  less5+ ! /ruggle = y\r
 fav\rites4 ,cultivate !m a little4     
,see t !y d n suff] f too mu* sun or ra9
 or dr\ght4    ,if y "k ( a plot (      
woodl& soon to be d5ud$ or a piece (    
wild  l& to be improv$1 get p]mission to
 ga!r bulbs1 roots1 & plants  !re4 ,if y
 "k ! fl[]s ! ye> 'r\nd1 y w be able to 
recognize ! lilies1 ! or*ids1 ! blood   
roots1 ! wild g+]1  hepatica1 violets1 &
 c transplant !m to y\r own woods or    
g>d54      ,,prev5t+ ,,=e/ ,,fires    ,x
 is ,octob] n[1 & ?is morn+'s pap] _h   
acc\nts ( t]rible  =e/ fires rag+ 9     
,m9nesota4 ,hundr$s dead1 ?\s&s         
homeless1  & millions ( doll>s' wor? (  
prop]ty wip$ out4    ,nobody kn[s1 :o   

has n f\ght fire1 :at a fi5d ! =e/]s h  
to deal )4 ,i h look$ up _m =e/ fire    
/ati/ics & ,i f9d  always not$ among !  
s\rces ( fires1 ?is item3 ,=e/ ,fires   
,set  ,by ,*ildr54 ,!re may n be mu* t  
boys & girls c d to  put 9 practice !   
big ?+s we he> talk$ ab\t "u ! "n (     
cons]vation1 b "o ?+ y c c]ta9ly refra9 
f do+1 &  t is1 sett+ a =e/ fire4 ,a    
p]son :o makes a fire 9 ! woods  is     
responsible to ! community = t fire &   
its consequ5ces4 ,to  boil a c(fee pail1
 to broil bacon1 to bake biscuits1 to   
fry fi%1 to  give com=t to ! hunt]1     
trapp]1 camp]1 or picnick]1 _m are !    
legitimate uses ( a fire 9 ! woods4 ,no 
real sportsman =gets 8  fire4 ,8 la/ act
 be=e leav+ a camp is to see t no ve/ige
 (  x rema9s4 ,he makes sure e sp>k is  
dead1 !n ?r[s on ano!r  pail ( wat]1 &  
goes on ) a light he>t & a cle>         
consci5ce4  ,if y h ev] left a fire 9 ! 
woods1 any:]e1 y\r consci5ce  ought to  
give y a good jab :5 y read ( =e/ fires1
 ?\gh  di/ant1 a jab t w prev5t y\r     

repeat+ ! (f5ce4      ,,kill+ ,,we$s    
,we$+ is ! boy's job1 isn't x8 ,if only 
"o c\ld get "s k9d (  inspiration into  
we$+1 s z to rob ! "w ( its drudg]y6    
,if we mu/ s]ve our "t at we$+1 let u at
 lea/ we$  intellig5tly4 ,:at is a we$  
anyh[8 ,9 ,g]many1 ,i am told1 !        
peasants call we$s ,unkraut4 ,s9ce      
,kraut is cabbage1  ,unkraut mu/ be     
we$s4    ,a we$ is really a plant gr[+  
:]e we don't want x4 ,! wor/ we$  9 a   
hill ( f\r corn /alks is ! f\r? /alk (  
corn t cr[ds  ! o!rs4 ,! wor/ we$s 9 a  
r[ ( beets are ! little beet  plants t  
cr[d ea* o!r4 ,:at a plague !y are6     
,"s ( ! plants we usually include among 
our co>se native we$s  are gr[n 9 g>d5s 
9 ,europe4 ,mulle91 = example1 ov] !re  
is  call$ ! ,am]ican velvet plant & a   
well-gr[n specim5 is really  h&some4    
,if we$s are plants out ( place !re is  
mu* to be done by boys &  girls 9 ! way 
( ridd+ g>d5s1 lawns1 s*ool gr\nds1 &   
village  /reets ( _! ov]gr[? ( we$s4 ,if
 y cle> out "o ?+ put 9  some?+ bett] or

 nature may put 9 "s plant t w n please 
y4 ,save se$s f y\r own g>d5 & drop !m  
along ! roadside4    ,! s*ool gr\nds are
 ! p>ticul> prov9ce ( ! s*ool boys &    
girls4 ,jo9 toge!r to make ! gr\nds m   
beautiful & !re is no  end to !         
improvem5ts t w foll[4    ,a lectur]    
once visit$ ! s*ool 9 a small village 9 
! /ate  ( ,new ,york4 ,on 8 way f !     
village to ! s*ool-h\se he 0  impress$ )
 two ?+s3 fir/1 ! wond]ful size & vig\r 
( !  burdocks t seem$ to h possession ( 
ev5 ! front y>ds on !  bus9ess /reets2  
&1 second1 ! quantity ( rubbi%          
accumulat$  on ! m>g9 ( ! pretty little 
/ream :i* w&]$ "u !  bridges ( ! t[n4 ,d
 boys & girls "k :at public _s is8 ,d  y
 "k h[ y\r little village /rikes a      
/rang]8 ,! lectur] 0  s /ruck by ! sad  
/ate ( ! t[n t he made up 8 m9d to  talk
 to ! s*ool ab\t x4 ,he did4 ,he f\nd t 
public _s 0  n dead !re2 x 0 only       
dormant4 ,! boys & girls _h pass$ by  ! 
burdocks s (t5 dur+ _! gr[? t !y _h tak5
 !m  = grant$4 ,!y _h s (t5 ?r[n pap]s1 

brok5 di%es1 worn-out  baskets1 b>rels1 
& rubbi% ov] ! bridges t !y =got to     
notice h[ x look$4 ,:at else is an old  
creek l t good =  anyh[8 ,c't g swimm9' 
9 x4    ,be=e ! man f9i%$ 8 sociable    
little talk ) ! boys &  girls he _h     
organiz$ ! y\ng] ones into brigades (   
tw5ty to make  w> on ! burdocks4 ,) !   
help ( tea*]s & boys he mapp$ out  ! t[n
 & assign$ giv5 localities to c]ta9     
gr\ps4 ,ea* gr\p  _h a capta9 ) ord]s4  
,! lectur] _h a burdock plant br\ght 91 
a trem5d\s "o1 root & all1 f ! s*ool    
y>d4 ,he %[$ !  boys & girls h[ well    
adapt$ ?is we$ is to make a liv+1 h[ by 
means ( burs x /eals rides1 travell+ f  
place to place1 dropp+  a few se$s "h & 
a few !re4 ,he %[$ !m ! t\gh1 long root 
& told !m ! plant's life hi/ory4 ,has ! 
burdock any vuln]able  spot !y wond]$8  
,! only "t :5 burdock is weak is :5 x   
comes  up z a se$l+4 ,"o scrape ( ! hoe 
w\ld kill hundr$s !n4    ,he>+ :at 0 up 
at s*ool1 an ent]pris+ bus9ess man (f]$ 
to give t5 doll>s to ! squad ( pupils :o

 br\ght 9 ! l>ge/  numb] ( burdock      
plants4 ,?is add$ ze/ to ! "w & a g5]\s 
emulation4 ,be=e ! week 0 up1 ! t[n 0   
rid ( burdocks1 &  !re 7 wagon loads (  
!m )]+ on ! vacant lot ne> !  s*ool4 ,! 
squad t won ! prize br\ght 9 upw>ds (   
sev5  hundr$ plants1 root & bran*4 ,!y  
donat$ ! money to ! s*ool  libr>y4    ,!
 boys & girls 9 t village didn't ne$ to 
be wak$ up b  once4 ,!y w5t to "w on !  
little /ream4 ,!y _h bonfires at !      
wat]'s edge4 ,!y plant$ will[s & o!r    
wat] lov+ trees on !  banks1 !y ask$ !  
selectm5 to pass a law to =bid ! ?r[+ ( 
rubbi% & sewage into ! /ream4 ,!y en=c$ 
! law !mselves4  ,!n !y built two little
 dams1 & made a skat+ pond "r ne> !     
s*ool h\se4      ,,gett+ ,,rid ,,(      
,,poison ,,ivy    ,if !re is any "o ?+ t
 w\ld make ! c\ntry a bett] place  to   
live 9 = "s p1 x w\ld be to eradicate   
poison ivy4 ,:5  x once gets possession 
( a f5ce r[1 x is an awful job to get x 
out4 ,cutt+ (f ! tops is ab\t z         
effectual z cutt+ y\r hair4  ,x gr[s    

aga9 ?ick] ?an ev]4 ,! roots & ! creep+ 
/ems run  "u gr\nd & e cubic in* ( soil 
has to be gone ov]4    ,a great _m      
beautiful plants w h to be de/roy$ 9 our
 f5ce  r[s 9 gett+ out ! poison ivy4 ,b 
we c replace ^!1 & by  con/ant          
wat*fulness keep ! ivy out4    ,9 "s    
localities ! village selectm5 h s]i\sly 
und]tak5 !  eradication4 ,any "o :o has 
ev] suff]$ w agree t ! "w  ought to be  
tak5 hold ( 9 a public way4 ,_m p are   
immune4  ,^? :o "k !mselves to be s %\ld
 und]take ! "w4 ,a b\nty  is (f]$ by "s 
t[ns = uproot$ plants4    ,! h&s %\ld be
 wa%$ frequ5tly ) hot wat] & pl5ty (    
soap  :5 work+ on poison ivy4 ,wa%able  
ov]alls & %irt %\ld be worn1  z ! oil ( 
! ivy gets on ! g>m5ts & may poison any 
"o :o  h&les !m4      ,,less5+ ,,!      
,,plague ,,( ,,mosquitoes    ,e boy &   
girl 9 ! mosquito belt realizes ke5ly t 
!  t[ns z well z ! c\ntry w\ld be bett] 
places to live 9 if !re  7 no           
mosquitoes4    ,"s p d n believe t x is 
possible to less5 ?is plague1  mu* less 

end x4 ,b su* a belief is pure          
ignorance4 ,i "k ( an  army po/ :]e 9 "o
 season ! mosquitoes 7 eradicat$4 ,x 0  
easy !re1 because ! po/ 0 isolat$ &     
because1 :5 !  comm&ant issu$ a g5]al   
ord] t all ra9 b>rels 7 to be  cov]$ or 
empti$1 ! p w5t "r out & obey$4 ,y see1 
army  p get a fix$ habit ( ob$i5ce4 ,!n 
! heal? (fic]1 :o  really _h ! matt] mo/
 at he>t1 ?\gh back$ by 8 sup]ior1  _h  
squads ( prison]s at "w ga!r+ up & c>t+ 
(f t9 cans  or o!r rubbi% capable (     
hold+ wat]4 ,pools 7 dra9$4 ,sew]  op5+s
 & ponds 7 oil$4 ,be=e ! mosquitoes _h  
fairly got out  ( w9t] qu>t]s all !     
/agnant wat] 0 coat$ ) an oil film4     
,!re 0 no use try+ to lay eggs "u ^?    
conditions1 s !y  left = p>ts unkn[n4 ,z
 mosquitoes _c fly f> unless c>ri$ by  !
 w9d1 !y und\bt$ly p]i%$ j outside !    
gates1 & !  p came out & sat on _!      
por*es safe & happy4 ,!y 7  a%am$ t !y  
_h grumbl$ :5 ! ord]s came to cov] ! ra9
  wat] b>rels4    ,mosquitoes bre$ 9    
wat]4 ,! wiggl]s ( ! wat]+ tr\gh or  ra9

 b>rel are "y mosquitoes4 ,y c raise y\r
 own mosquitoes  z well z y\r own *ick5s
 & pigs4 ,a little precaution w\ld save 
mu* annoyance4 ,neighb\rhoods %\ld unite
 to rid !mselves ( !  pe/4 ,boys c d !  
"w requir$4 ,! s*ool *ildr5 9 ,worce/]1 
,mass41 wage v effective w> aga9/       
mosquitoes e ye> "u !  guidance ( _!    
tea*]s4 ,! sav+ 9 co/ ( nett+ & wire    
scre5s w\ld almo/ pay ! exp5se ( a      
campaign aga9/ mosquitoes  & flies4     
,aft] empty+ or cov]+ all ! wat]        
receptacles on ! place1 x  is well to   
place a few decoy pails 9 promis+       
situations4 ,:5 !  mosquitoes h deposit$
 _! eggs1 tip ov] ! pails & t is  ! end 
( t lot4 ,"o female c produce f\r hundr$
 eggs1 s y  see :at a calamity x is = h]
 "y to come to maturity1 :i* !y  may d 9
 eight to t5 days4    ,mosquitoes h _!  
natural enemies4 ,:]e areas ( wat] are  
too  l>ge to oil1 we %\ld see to x t fi%
 are pl5tiful1 especially  goldfi%1     
sunfi%1 roa*es1 killies1 & m9n[s4       
,toads1 frogs1 &  liz>ds also prey on   

mosquitoes z d ! nymphs ( dragon flies &
  o!r wat] insects4 ,swall[s & purple   
m>t9s cat* mosquitoes on  ! w+4         
,,fight+ ,,flies    ,! h\se fly is no   
long] a m]e nuisance1 b is a m5ace to   
heal?4  ,he is well nam$ ! typhoid fly &
 ! fil? fly4 ,! boys & girls  :o help   
rid _! neighb\rhood ( ^! disease-c>ry+  
pe/s are  real patriots4    ,flies are n
 a heav5-s5t plague 9 ?is day &         
g5]ation4 ,flies  9 ! milk1 flies 9 !   
pantry1 flies on ! kit*5 door1 flies    
buzz+ ab\t ! table1 are ! obvi\s result 
( c>elessness &  mismanagem5t4 ,:at is  
m1 ! rem$ies are n h>d to apply4 ,!     
typhoid fly 7h\se fly7 bre$s 9 horse    
manure4 ,! adult fly fe$s  ^u e kn[n    
v>iety ( fil? z well z ^u good food1 b !
  undevelop$ fly is a footless maggot & 
x bre$s 9 y\r own & y\r  neighb\r's     
/able y>d4    ,p w g on buy+ fly pap]1  
fly poison1 fly traps1 scre5  doors1 &  
w9d[ nett+ to keep flies out1 b ! v fly 
t has  visit$ a typhoid pati5t to-day   
may to-morr[ leave ! impr9t ( 8  f\l    

feet on ! baby's face1 or dr[n himself1 
b n 8 g]ms1 9  y\r gravy4    ,:at does  
y\r fa!r h a manure pile =8 ,if he is a 
frugal f>m]  he expects to put x on 8   
fields :5 ! o!r "w is out ( !  way1 &   
pl\gh x 94 ,he kn[s ! value ( manure on 
fields4 ,b does  he realize t ! be/ "t  
to c>ry ! manure out is :ile x is  new8 
,e exp]t w tell him s & :y4 ,9 ! pile by
 ! b>n  x lies & burns4 ,h y se5 x      
smoke8 ,burnt manure is wa/$  f]tiliz]4 
,:5 x ra9s1 ! valuable elem5ts ne$$ by !
 soil  lea* out & n\ri% ! crop ( jimson 
we$s & burdocks t w  cr[d r\nd ! b>n y>d
 next ye>4    ,meantime ! flies buzz    
r\nd ! manure pile4 ,! worse x smells  !
 bett] !y l x4 ,!y are !re = bus9ess4   
,eggs1 ?\s&s  ^u ?\s&s ( t9y flies'     
eggs1 are deposit$ by indu/ri\s &       
prolific flies4 ,a fly's egg6 ,! hir$   
man w laugh at y =  bo!r+ ov] a ?+ s    
insignificant4 ,b :5 8 wife comes d[n  )
 typhoid & ! flies come 9 & worry h]1 he
 w compla9  ( 8 luck & drive out !      
flies1 :i* g m]rily =? to />t  little   

private epidemics all ov] !             
neighb\rhood4    ,de/roy _! bre$+       
places4 ,t is "o rem$y = flies4 ,trap   
!m1  poison !m1 disc\rage !m4    ,is x  
wor? :ile = y to d ?is :5 ! re/ ( ! p d 
n8 ,yes1 inde$4 ,if y h v ne> neighb\rs1
 _! flies may get  to y to "s ext5t1 b )
 no?+ to furni% bre$+ places1 &  no     
f\l-smell+ swill or decay+ animal or    
vegetable /uff ar\nd1  !y w n be        
attract$ to y\r place4 ,awak5 !         
neighb\r's  int]e/ 9 y\r fly-de/roy+    
crusade4 ,if y c rea* results  be/ by   
=m+ a club1 organize & pass resolutions 
& wake p  up to _! responsibilities4    
,?is is practical "w = a boys' good     
citiz5%ip club4      ,,trapp+    ,i "k a
 city boy :o is =tunate en\gh to h a f>m
 home to  g to z soon z s*ool closes 9 !
 summ]4 ,) 8 p>5ts &  bro!rs & si/]s he 
lives ! life ( ! f>m boy1 ) en\gh (     
g>d5+1 a little ( *ick5 rais+1 "o c[ to 
milk1 & a *ance  to measure 8 cunn+     
aga9/ t ( _m v>m9ts :i* w\ld  o!rwise   
de/roy 8 g>d5 & /eal 8 *ick5s4 ,he kn[s 

h[ to  use a gun1 & :51 & :]e4 ,he c    
make a good trap1 a sci5tific  & humane 
trap1 & he kn[s ! ways ( ! two-or f\r-or
 six-foot$  enemies he is at w> )4      
,betwe5 !m & him !re is a fair field  & 
no fav\rs1 j z betwe5 "o wild creature &
 ano!r4 ,if  to-day he outwits a cr[1   
to-morr[ a skunk pays ! cr['s score )   
heavy int]e/ by mak+ a meal ( a ne/ful (
 "y *ick5s4    ,?is boy has le>n$ en\gh 
( ! art ( prep>+ sk9s to make ^?  he    
gets salable1 & he exhibits ) j pride a 
h&some fur skat+  cap made by 8 "m out (
 sk9s ( m9k he has tak54 ,8 traps  add  
some?+ e ye> to 8 gr[+ college fund4    
,illu/ration3 ,simple box-trap    ,!re  
are a great _m ?+s ab\t ! bus9ess (     
trapp+ t seem  v horrible & brutal to a 
s5sitive p]son4 ,because _m cruel m5  h 
gone into t life1 :i* is a life ( !     
greate/ h>d%ip &  has little 9 x to     
enc\rage g5tl5ess1 we h r tak5 x =      
grant$ t all trapp+ is unju/ifiable & t 
a boy :o wants to  set traps is an      
inhuman mon/] & n to be tol]at$ 9 a     

civiliz$  home4 ,if fa!rs & mo!rs 7 all 
l my "y fri5d's p>5ts1  !y w\ld see t   
trapp+ ought to be a "p ( a boy's tra9+1
  j l us+ an axe1 or a saw1 or a gun4   
,trapp+ ev]y?+ w\ld be bad bus9ess4 ,y  
w\ld n cat*  squirrels 9 a trap any m   
?an y w\ld %oot bluebirds or br[n       
?ra%]s4 ,"o c\ld easily damage 8        
neighb\rhood & himself by  trapp+ !     
wrong ?+s or trapp+ 9 ! wrong way4 ,a   
trapp] :o  is a sportsman w see to x t 8
 traps are ( ! "r k9d4  ,i w\ld n h a   
m\se-trap 9 ! h\se t made a practice (  
cat*+ mice by ! foot or tail4 ,!re are  
traps ( _m k9ds = a  v>iety ( purposes &
 ! trapp] mu/ ei!r cat* 8 prey alive  & 
provide a way ( despat*+ x humanely or  
use a trap :i* is  in/antane\s 9 its    
deadly "w4    ,illu/ration3 ,box-trap & 
figure #d    ,boys :o h le>n$ to trap 9 
! natural1 legitimate way d n  become   
fi% but*]s or game hogs :5 !y gr[ up4 ,i
 once saw  a picture ( a game w>d5 /&+  
triumphantly beside a m\nd (  dead cr[s1
 two ?\s& & twelve 0 ! numb]1 ,i        

believe4 ,he _h  cunn+ly le>n$ to       
imitate _! call s successfully t !y     
c\ld n resi/ com+ )9 range ( 8 deadly   
weapon4 ,cr[s may be  h>mful to wild f[l
 b no boy ) "r in/9cts w\ld be guilty ( 
an act s base z ?is1 s unbecom+ a       
sportsman & a g5tleman4    ,gett+ rid ( 
! animals :i* prey ^u or*>d1 g>d51 &    
*ick5  roo/ is1 )\t "q1 "o ( ! ways (   
mak+ ! c\ntry a  bett] place to live 94 
,trapp+ may be reg>d$ z clean sport :5  
done = ?is purpose1 or = food :5 ne$$4  
,cat*+ animals alive  = ! sake ( tam+ & 
tra9+ !m z pets is treat$ 9 ano!r  *apt]
 & has its own rules4    ,!re are a     
numb] ( fur-be>+ animals :i*1 ?\gh too  
%y to  v5ture inside ! b>n y>d1 prey s  
successfully ^u ! less  =tunate ones1 t 
x has become our duty to take up w>f>e  
aga9/  !m4 ,?is duty is all ! m heavily 
laid ^u u because1 9 !  act ( civiliz+ !
 woods & conv]t+ ! hills & valleys into 
cultivat$ fields & pa/ures1 we h de/roy$
 ! natural hid+  places ( ! wild ?+s &  
upset ! balance4 ,if we 7 sudd5ly  to   

ab&on ?is c\ntry1 x w\ld n be _m        
g5]ations be=e !  buffalo1 ! wild       
pigeon1 & ! wild turkey w\ld return to  
_!  haunts1 ! =e/s w\ld recov] ! hills1 
! potato beetle w\ld  g back to its     
,colorado we$1 & "s natural enemy w\ld  
control !  ,san ,jos scale & ! ,engli%  
sp>r[ & r$uce !m to _! natural  places4 
,9 "s localities trapp+ ( fur-be>+      
animals is /ill a  money-mak+ small     
indu/ry & if prop]ly c>ri$ on w lead to 
no  evil results4 ,! m a boy kn[s ab\t !
 habits ( ! animals he  seeks to outwit1
 ! great] w be 8 *ances ( a capture1 &  
:5  he kn[s a little he w want to "k m4 
,he w le>n t !re  are rules 9 ?is game z
 well z 9 games ) 8 human fell[s1  & t  
!re are ?+s t no man w\ld d1 & pret5d to
  self-respect4 ,a k ( woodcraft is     
indisp5sable to ! trapp]  & helps him to
 take c>e ( himself & act ) good judgm5t
 9  cases ( em]g5cy4    ,a boy t sets a 
trap takes a c]ta9 responsibility4 ,if  
he fails to  visit 8 traps he breaks a  
rule ( ! game4 ,a live animal 9 a cage  

trap beg9s to suff] v soon = wat] & =   
food4 ,an animal 9 a  /eel trap1 if n   
dead1 w (t5 pull or ev5 gnaw (f 8 injur$
  leg1 & escape4 ,8 tragic /ory may (t5 
be read 9 8 footpr9ts  9 ! sn[4 ,if     
trapp+ = sk9s y mu/ take !m (f :ile     
fre%1  z !y ta9t v quickly & may be ru9$
 by delay4      ,,trapp+ ,,m9k    ,! boy
 t cat*es a m9k is a pretty lucky boy 9 
^! days :5  ^? wily little robb]s h gr[n
 s sc>ce4 ,! price ( m9k fur  made into 
muffs & coll>s is s high z to make a m9k
 sk9 wor?  try+ =4 ,i c imag9e !        
surprise & well-e>n$ triumph ( my  "y   
trapp+ fri5d :51 aft] try+ = a ye> or   
two to solve !  my/]y ( ! disappe>ance (
 8 ?or\ghbr$ *ick5s1 he f9ally  succe$$ 
9 captur+ a f9e m9k4 ,a fri5d ( 8 to :om
 he _h  taught all he c\ld ( ! art (    
trapp+ caught ano!r4 ,& ?is  happ5$ )9 !
 city limits ( ! nation's capital6 ,:o  
says n[  t ! m9k has disappe>$8    ,!   
m9k is a fle%-eat]1 & lives on :at he c 
cat*1 v>y+ 8  bill ( f>e ) frogs1       
snakes1 birds1 mice1 muskrats1 & fi%4 ,x

  is always op5 season = tr\t 9 ! m9k's 
code ( laws & ?\gh  he is n a wat]      
animal 8 home is m ?an likely to be ne> 
a  tr\t /ream1 on ! bank1 9 a           
well-conceal$ place4 ,x is n fair  to   
trap m9k 9 ! bre$+ season1 :i* is ,april
 or ,may4 ,! "y  are at ! m]cy ( all    
sorts ( fle%-eat]s1 includ+ _! own      
fa!rs1 :o are a mo/ undiscrim9at+ sort4 
,!re ought to be "s  =m ( gu>antee to a 
m9k "m t :ile %e is =ag+ = food  = h] "y
 %e w n be entic$ into a trap4 ,lat]1 :5
 %e  goes a-hunt+ on h] own acc\nt & !  
*ances are ev51 %e is  legitimate prey =
 ! trapp]4    ,/eel traps are be/1 say !
 exp]ts1 & !y %\ld be cunn+ly  conceal$4
 ,g\ge out a sort ( hole 9 ! bank1      
conceal ! trap  at ! front1 & put ! bait
 f>!r 9 s t ! trap mu/ be  pass$ to rea*
 ! bait4 ,muskrat fle%1 fi%1 or o!r meat
 is !  bait us$4 ,a common practice is  
to scor* ! bait1 to make ! od\r  m      
p]vasive & attractive4 ,! price ( fre%  
m9k sk9s v>ies  accord+ to size &       
condition f two doll>s & a half to f\r  

doll>s4      ,,trapp+ ,,skunks    ,! la/
 ?+ y w\ld expect ( a skunk is t he %\ld
 be popul>  among ! girls4 ,b "u !      
s$uctive title ( ,alaska sable1 !  fur (
 ! pla9 ,j]sey or ,york ,/ate skunk is  
worn ) satisfaction  by ladies ( good   
s5se & good ta/e4 ,a skunk's pelt is    
wor? two  doll>s & a half or m & al?\gh 
he is ( und\bt$ value to  ! f>m] z a    
de/roy] ( insect pe/s1 ,i %all n        
und]take 8  def5ce4 ,a cl\d ( witnesses 
w\ld rise up to rec\nt _! losses  f !   
m>aud+ skunk4 ,8 fondness = p\ltry w\ld 
be m]e  circum/antial evid5ce t he is an
 enemy ( ! wild birds z well1  b we h   
direct evid5ce en\gh to convict &       
condemn him4 ,because  ( 8 unusual      
weapon1 us$ only :5 h>d-press$ 9 an     
unequal  battle1 a good deal ( special  
precaution has to be tak5 :5 trapp+     
,mephitis = 8 fur4 ,! lea/ ta9t ( !     
unmi/akable od\r ru9s  ! sk91 z no      
cleans+ comp\nd has be5 inv5t$ /rong    
en\gh to  remove x or dr[n x4 ,x is said
 on good au?ority t ! skunk  seldom     

bespr9kles itself :5 dis*>g+ its re>    
batt]y4    ,skunks are n v clev] nor v  
swift4 ,!y g ab\t at night =  ! mo/ "p1 
or e>ly ev5+4 ,! "y are born1 six to n9e
 9  a litt]1 9 ,april or ,may4 ,! ne/s  
are hidd5 9 holes 9 holl[  trees1 among 
rocks1 or 9 ! gr\nd4 ,! "y ones         
frequ5tly foll[  ! old ones all summ] or
 ev5 long]1 little realiz+ t ?is is  a  
dang]\s habit4 ,by track+ !m f ! sc5e ( 
_! nocturnal  visit to or f ! /ream !y  
run to daily = wat]1 "o may f9d  ! hid+ 
place4 ,a clev] trapp] succe$s 9 captur+
 a :ole family  (ttimes by simply mak+ !
 pa? ! skunks foll[ m di/9ct1  tread+   
d[n ! grass1 & ev5 sett+ up /icks to    
guide !m along  t[>d ! place !y wi% to  
g4 ,traps ) bits ( meat = bait are  set 
at int]vals along ! pa?4 ,a sn>e & spr+ 
pole are said to  insure no bad         
consequ5ces4 ,"o au?or advises ! hunt] t
 /rik+  a sudd5 bl[ ne> ! tail p>alyzes 
! eject+ muscles4 ,no d\bt6  ,b 9 !     
meantime :at is ! skunk do+8            
,illu/ration3 ,deadfall trap    ,! :ite 

/ripe on ! skunk's back1 :ile a valuable
 w>n+ to  all ( :at is approa*+1 is a   
disadvantage f ! trapp]'s  viewpo9t4    
,?is /ripe v>ies 9 l5g? & "s v>ieties   
are )\t  x entirely4 ,!re is a /ory ( ! 
days :5 ! ,indians 9 we/]n  ,new ,york  
us$ to br+ 9 _m skunk sk9s to ! local   
fur-buy]4 ,"o  r$ man1 a notori\s *eat1 
came 9 "o day ) a s+le sk9 to sell4     
,long /ripe or %ort /ripe1 said ! buy]1 
^: prices v>i$ )  ! l5g? ( ! :ite /ripe 
on ! skunk's back4    ,v]' %ort /ripe4  
,h[ mu* pay8 said ! ,indian4    ,let's  
see ! sk91 said ! buy]4    ,! ,indian   
%[$ ! sk91 :i* 0 t ( a "y animal1 & v   
small1 ! /ripe ext5d+ ! entire l5g? ( ! 
sk94    ,y said %ort /ripe1 said !      
indignant buy]1 po9t+ ! f+]  ( scorn at 
! runty little sk94    ,%ort skunk1 %ort
 /ripe1 said ! ,indian ) a %rug4 ,:at y 
pay8    ,i cut out an item f ! daily    
pap] la/ week :i* _h ?is  headl9e3      
,skunks s5t him to college4 ,c y draw   
y\r own  inf]5ces8 ,! fur ( skunks is v 
valuable n[ & 9 _m  fa%ionable ,p>is    

%ops x is adv]tis$ ) l>ge plac>ds pr9t$ 
di/9ctly = _! ,engli%-speak+ cu/om]s1   
,v]itable ,skong4      ,,trapp+         
,,wood*ucks    ,judg+ by ! tales !y     
tell1 ,new ,engl& boys ( ! pass+        
g5]ation sp5t mo/ ( _! "t try+ to outwit
 ! wood*ucks  :i* infe/$ _! f>ms4 ,if   
all _! tales 7 true1 ! b>n  doors ( _!  
respective /ates mu/ h ne$$ /ret*+ to   
hold  all ! sk9s ( all ^? wood*ucks1 &  
no boy c\ld possibly  h be5 long )\t t  
valuable possession1 a :ipla% made (    
wood*uck hide4 ,?is little c\s9 ( !     
squirrels is nei!r v  fleet nor v cunn+4
 ,he has1 ?\gh1 v quick e>s & quick]    
eyes1 & kn[s t 8 hole is ! safe/ place =
 him :5 boys are  ar\nd4    ,! only     
excuse = hunt+ wood*ucks is t !y        
sometimes get s  num]\s z to d real     
damage 9 ! g>d51 ei!r by _! holes  & !  
m\nds ( e>? !y ?r[ out1 or by eat+ m    
vegetables  ?an c reasonably be sp>$4 ,a
 bett] game ?an hunt+ !m w\ld  be to    
discov] h[ !y build _! und]gr\nd        
gall]ies4 ,are ^!  m]e holes deep en\gh 

to crawl into = safety8 ,is !re m ?an   
"o tunnel8 ,has ! own] an exit z well z 
an entrance to 8 home8  ,has he a ne/1 &
 :]e & :at is x8 ,does he ho>d = w9t]1  
or  hib]nate8      ,,trapp+ ,,moles     
,x is h>d to get a new po9t ( view4     
,hav+ be5 br\ght up 9 !  belief t ! mole
 is a nuisance1 pure & simple1 ,i f9d   
myself  unable on %ort notice to believe
 t ?is little bl9d m9] is  actually     
useful4 ,if only he w\ld conf9e 8 sph]e 
( usefulness  to "s o!r neighb\rhood ?an
 our lawn6 ,we all ?9k t 8  und]gr\nd   
passages disfigure ! lawn4 ,b does !    
grass die :]e  ! tunnels run8 ,i ?9k n4 
,y see pat*es ( dead grass on _m  lawns1
 b d y f9d moles at "w 9 ^! same lawns8 
,9 fact1 !  br[n1 dead pat*es ( grass   
are probably kill$ by ! :ite grub1  ar* 
enemy ( grass roots4 ,! mole is ar*     
enemy to ! :ite grub &  o!rs ( 8 ilk4   
,accord+ to p :o "k ab\t moles1 we ought
  to decorate !m ) m$als in/ead ( trapp+
 !m & decorat+  ! b>n door ) _! t9y     
sk9s4    ,! fir/ mole ,i ev] saw 0 "o   

br\ght 9 by our old cat4 ,%e laid  x d[n
 ) a sort ( %amefac$ air z mu* z to say1
 ,?+s  h come to a pretty pass :5 a     
self-respect+ cat is oblig$ to  br+ 9 ! 
likes ( t4 ,x fair turns my /oma*6 ,x 0 
n an  attractive object1 b we *ildr5    
turn$ x ov] & ov] ) a  /ick4 ,:at an odd
 %ape1 s unlike ! animals famili> to u4 
,its  nose l a gimlet1 its =e feet l    
little %ovels2 no wond] x  c\ld tunnel4 
,no eyes1 no e>s2 b :at use has a mole =
 ei!r8 ,d  y "k :at ,oliv] ,h]=d said ( 
! mole8        ,see1 *ildr51 ! misguid$ 
mole1      ,he lives d[n 9 a deep1 d>k  
hole2      ,sweetness & light & good    
fre% air      ,are ?+s = :i* he does n  
c>e4      ,b say n t he has no s\l1     
,le/ haply we misjudge ! mole4    ,no "o
 c say t ! mole has n a r$eem+ feature4 
,surely !re  is no creature clad 9 a    
coat ( m surpass+ s(tness & f95ess  ?an 
! mole4 ,are ! exquisite molesk9 g>m5ts 
sometimes se5 9  furri]s' w9d[s really  
made ( t9y sk9s ( ?is despis$ little    
quadrup$8    ,x is n likely t any ( u w 

ev] cat* _m moles4 ,if !y  are          
tr\blesome 9 y\r lawn1 y & ! neighb\r   
boys c d "s  trapp+ ) mole traps4 ,!y   
are ( a k9d specially fitt$ to outwit  !
 mole 9 8 tunnel1 & directions accompany
 ea* trap4      ,e boy kn[s :at knuckle 
d[n means & h[ sore y\r knuckles  get 9 
m>ble "t4 ,!re is usually "o boy 9 !    
cr[d :o is lucky  en\gh to h a knuckle  
dab/]1 made ( molesk94 ,!re1 use t4     
,s(t z velvet1 eh8 ,nope1 don't want to 
sell x4 ,caught a mole la/  summ]1 tann$
 ! sk9 myself & my "m made ?is = me1 l !
  "o 9 ',! ,boy's ,own ,book4' ,w\ldn't 
take a doll> = x4      ,,trapp+         
,,muskrats    ,! fir/ fur coll> ,i ev]  
_h 0 sold to me z electric seal4  ,!re 0
 no deception practis$ on me1 = ,i knew 
t ! fur  0 nei!r electric nor seal4 ,b  
,i didn't "k !n t x 0  muskrat fur4 ,!y 
call x ,hudson seal n[adays1 ,i believe4
 ,^!  small relatives ( ! beav] h s few 
natural enemies1 & are s  prolific t !y 
are 9 no dang] ( disappe>+ f our ponds  
& sluggi% /reams4 ,! beav]1 on ! o!r h&1

 is suppos$ to  be protect$ by law4     
,until x is aga9/ ! law to sell & to we>
  beav] sk9s1 trapp]s w evade ! law &   
escape ! f9es4    ,muskrat fur is n s   
f9e nor ?ick z t ( ! beav] & n  ne>ly s 
exp5sive4 ,a fre% sk9 is wor? tw5ty-five
 to =ty c5ts4  ,!y are m 9 dem& n[ ?an  
ev]1 ow+ to ! fa%ionable dem&  = furs & 
! sc>city ( o!r fur-be>+ animals4 ,!re  
are _m  ways ( trapp+ !m4 ,z !y are     
aquatic & active 9 ! w9t]  !y are (t5   
tak5 ?r\gh ! ice4 ,muskrat trapp]s are  
always good  skat]s4 ,a h>d bl[ on ! ice
 w /un ! rat1 :i* is pull$ out  ?r\gh a 
hole4 ,!y are sometimes spe>$ ?r\gh     
holes 9 ! ice4 ,a  boy might develop    
en\gh pati5ce & p]sev]ance1 z well z    
skill  & al]tness1 9 a job l ?is to make
 x pay bett] 9 "s o!r  field ?an ! sale 
( ! sk9s4    ,muskrats are (t5 caught 9 
traps1 too4 ,to be successful at ?is x  
is necess>y to le>n a great deal ab\t ! 
little fell['s habits (  life1 8 h\se1 8
 food & 8 ways ( escap+ enemies4 ,x is  
well  to "k 8 enemies1 too4 ,^! are !   

fox1 ! m9k1 & ! ott]4  ,y w\ld be a     
lucky boy1 inde$1 if in/ead ( common    
little musqua%  y bagg$ an ott] ^: pelt 
is wor? fifte5 or tw5ty doll>s4 ,my     
fa!r has an ott] sk9 cap ab\t :i* he &  
my uncle tell a truly  excit+ /ory4 ,!y 
caught an ott]1 b t 0 sixty odd ye>s    
ago4    ,muskrats are ! greate/ nuisance
 9 ornam5tal gr\nds :]e !re  are l>ge   
wat] features4 ,!y h an un=tunate       
fondness = lily  bulbs4 ,! boy :o c     
outwit !m w w9 fav\r ) ! g>d5]  & !     
g>d5's own]1 ) ! muskrat sk9s ?r[n 94   
,,trapp+ ,,goph]s    ,our old dog ,nimp 
0 conv9c$ t ! way to get a goph] 0 to   
dig  him out4 ,doctor ,hornaday tells an
 amus+ /ory ab\t 8 hav+ t  same         
conviction :5 a boy4 ,_m a night ,nimp  
w\ld come home f !  pa/ure1 pant+1 8    
coat all r\gh ) ! r$di% soil t we knew  
_h come out ( a goph] hole4 ,we>y1 yes1 
b disc\rag$1 nev]4 ,!  old dog w\ld g   
back to 8 job morn+ aft] morn+4         
,sometimes we  w\ld try to help by c>ry+
 buckets full ( wat] & dr[n+ him  out4  

,nev] did ,nimp sc5t a goph] ne> !      
cattle well b once1  & !n ! boys dr[n$  
him out ) a v5geance4 ,! hunt$ little   
creature leap$ out ( a hole s           
unexpect$ly ne> :]e ! boys sat  t "o    
turn$ a complete som]sault & l&$ 9 ! la/
 pailful (  wat]4 ,nimp 0 quick] ?an 8  
ma/]s & soon laid ! b$raggl$  little m9]
 at our feet4 ,we felt pretty small4    
,v little c be said 9 def5ce ( ! goph]4 
,he is an und5iable  nuisance & helps to
 br+ ! f>m]'s crop d[n to a l[] figure  
?an x ought to be4 ,traps & poison$     
vegetables are swift] me?ods  ( deal+ ) 
! case ?an digg+1 = ! goph] is himself  
pa/  ma/] 9 ! art ( digg+4      ,,trapp+
 ,,! ,,weasel    ,"o ( ! natural enemies
 ( ! pocket goph] is ! weasel4 ,if only 
we c\ld set ! weasel on ! goph] & !n _h 
some?+ l a  mongoose to keep d[n !      
weasels6 ,i nev] yet he>d a good ^w =  !
 weasel4 ,he seems to be ! embodim5t (  
all t is mean & sly  & hateful4 ,x is   
und5iable t he does n obey ! laws ( !   
woods1 t he kills = ! m]e joy ( kill+1 &

 t is a high  crime4 ,m5 ) weasel-l ways
 get to h ! same blood-?ir/y  look4 ,!  
weasel is a savage1 hunt+ e wild        
creature 9 ! woods1  rabbits1 mice1     
*ipmunks1 moles1 rats1 gr\se1 *ick5s1 & 
ducks1 &  ev5 insects4 ,he robs ! ne/s (
 birds1 eats eggs & "y1 & ev5  ! old    
birds are n safe f him4    ,i j read 9 a
 book t weasels are s small t _! fur has
  little value1 b ! "t w come :5 x w be 
eag]ly s\ght  & us$4 ,well1 t "t has    
come1 b1 :o ev] w5t to a %op &  ask$ = a
 weasel tippet8 ,b ask = erm9e & !y w %[
 any  quantity ( x4 ,! price6 ,well1    
w\ldn't ! weasel be surpris$ to  f9d    
himself s popul>4 ,x all comes ab\t     
because ( t int]e/+  habit ( 81 *ang+   
col\r 9 ! w9t]4 ,! weasel is a sort (   
peculi> %ade ( br[n z y c te/ify if y h 
caught "o2 !  erm9e is pure :ite all b !
 tippe/ tip ( ! tail :i* is dead  black2
 yet !y are "o & ! same4 ,weasel 9 summ]
 & erm9e 9  w9t]4    ,! weasel1 ! m9k1 &
 ! m>t5 are all enemies ( ! native  wild
 game1 & ef=ts to ext]m9ate !m are      

always applaud$ by  sportsm54 ,mu* is   
yet to be le>n$ ( _! habits4 ,trapp]s h 
succe$$ 9 keep+ ! m9k & m>t5 9 *eck1 b !
 weasel goes  8 murd]\s way1 fe>$ & hat$
 by ev]ybody4      ,,trapp+ ,,rats      
,!re is no pe/ ar\nd ! f>m y>d or b>n   
y>d any:]e s h>d to  cope ) :5 once !y  
get a foo?old1 z rats4 ,f9d+ !m num]\s  
9 ! b>n once1 we put *ick5 fe$ 9 !      
uncem5t$ cell> ( !  h\se4 ,be=e ! end ( 
! fir/ w9t] ( t arrangem5t we 7  pray+ =
 a visit f ! ,pi$ ,pip]4 ,! rats took   
possession4 ,!y  broke di%es1 seem+ly = 
! fun ( x2 !y gnaw$ ! s(t5$  woodwork   
ar\nd ! kit*5 s9k & held high c>nival at
 midnight  ?r\gh\t ! spaces betwe5 !    
walls2 !y all b bit ! babies 9  _!      
cradles & defi$ all our ef=ts to outwit 
!m4 ,traps1 cats1  poison1 we tri$      
ev]y?+1 b !y out/ay$ u4 ,if ev] we get  
into  a l case aga9 ,i %all be tempt$ to
 try f]rets or cyanide4    ,"s p are    
successful trapp]s ( rats1 & ^!         
sugge/ions come  f !m4 ,set a trap 9 a  
pan ( meal or bran1 cov] ) same &  put x

 9 a runway4 ,make ! runway easy to pass
 ?r\gh by plac+  bo>ds or boxes along   
ne> ! walls4 ,cov] a trap ) ?9 br[n     
pap] or clo? & set x 9 ! runway4 ,smoke 
! trap ov] ! fire  & heat x hot 7n hot  
en\gh to draw ! temp] ( ! /eel71 aft]   
ea* sett+4 ,*ange ! place ( ! trap v    
(t54 ,we> gloves to  keep ! od\r ( y\r  
h&s f ! trap4 ,! rat is ! v wise/  ( all
 8 family1 8 behavi\r seems to be !     
result ( impi%  intellig5ce r ?an m]e   
in/9ct = self-pres]vation4    ,no true  
sportsman w all[ 8 antipa?y to rats or  
weasels to lead  him to commit acts (   
cruelty4 ,fight+ !m ) _! own me?ods     
makes y into a human rat or weasel4     
,,trapp+ ,,rabbits    ,!re are times :5 
rabbits get too num]\s1 & times :5 !y   
are  ne$$ to eat1 & times :5 y want to  
try y\r h& at tam+ a  wild "o4 ,"u ^!   
circum/ances x is legitimate sport to   
hunt or  trap !m4 ,if damage is be+ done
 to crops 9 ! spr+ we %all be  =c$ to   
wage w> aga9/ !m 9 self-def5ce dur+ _!  
bre$+  season4 ,o!rwise no sportsman    

w\ld d x4 ,if !re is s little           
legitimate rabbit food 9 w9t] t !y are  
driv5 to de/roy fruit  trees to get a   
little b>k1 !n ! inf]5ce is t !re are   
too  _m rabbits4 ,/udy ! rabbit's ways (
 liv+1 & le>n 8 weak  po9ts4 ,f9d out if
 he has a t5don ( ,a*illes or vuln]able 
spot4  ,look "o ov]4 ,:at are 8         
conspicu\s *>act]i/ics8 ,is x n  evid5t 
t 8 life is "o long s]ies ( n>r[        
escapes8 ,he has  few1 if any1 wits2 h[ 
l[ 8 =ehead4 ,timid eyes4 ,b e>s6 ,c he 
n he> y com+ a mile (f8 ,& ,,legs6 ,did 
y ev] see a great]  developm5t 9 t      
direction8 ,yes1 9 a gras%opp]1 b n[h]e 
else4  ,! rabbit is a p]fect mammalian  
gras%opp]4 ,:5 y /op to ?9k  ( x y w see
 a c]ta9 pa!tic side to its life4    ,! 
rabbit has its wild enemies1 ev]        
wat*ful1 ev] close on its  trail4 ,!    
hawk1 ! m9k1 ! weasel1 ! fox1 ! lynx1 & 
o!rs  are rabbit hunt]s4 ,besides 8     
quick he>+1 & 8 swiftness1 ,br'er       
,rabbit has a wond]ful p[] ( becom+     
invisible4 ,8 nondescript  col\r1 comb9$

 ) 8 ability to freeze1 s]ve him z well 
z a cloak ( d>kness4 ,! cotton-tail     
rabbit is commone/ 9 !  ,middle & ,s\!rn
 /ates1 :ile 8 bigg] c\s91 ! v>y+ h>e1  
ov]laps ! rabbit's t]ritory 9 ! cold]   
p>ts1 & takes 8  place 9 ! mo/ ,nor!rn  
/ates4 ,! v>y+ h>e is call$ also !      
sn[-%oe rabbit & ! :ite h>e1 b 9 summ]  
he is dull russet  br[n4 ,y may h he>d (
 ! wond]ful *ange ( col\r ( ?is &  o!r  
animals4 ,int]e/+ /ories are told ( !   
sudd5 blan*+  ( ! fur1 ( its turn+ :ite1
 9 a s+le night1 l ! locks  ( ! prison] 
( ,*illon4 ,n a ^w ( tru? 9 t /ory4 ,:y 
d  p1 ^: only fitness = tell+ /ories    
lies 9 _! hav+ an  imag9ation1 make up  
su* y>ns ab\t real ?+s8 ,!y c\ld inv5t  
an animal & !n tell z _m wond]ful tales 
z !y lik$ &  nobody w\ld be deceiv$4 ,! 
tru? ab\t animals is wond]ful en\gh4    
,if writ]s w\ld only take pa9s to f9d   
out ! tru? in/ead (  repeat+ fancies6   
,suppose ! e>ly ance/or ( ! :ite h>e _h 
a grayi%-br[ni%  coat1 j ! ?+ to protect
 him f 8 enemies 9 a _w all  full (     

grayi%-br[ni% ?+s4 ,b "o day !re came a 
sn[ /orm1  & all ! gray-br[n ?+s 7 cov]$
 ) :it5ess1 except !  poor h>e4 ,sudd5ly
 he became ! mo/ noticeable object 9 !  
woods4  ,!n all 8 neighb\rs saw him &   
want$ him1 & mo/ly !y got him4    ,x 0  
ab\t !n t ! h>e began to be ! v>y+ h>e4 
,a law  ( nature came to 8 rescue4 ,"s  
h>es !re 7 :i* 7 n s  d>k col\r$ z o!rs4
 ,!y may h be5 long] w9d$ & swift]      
foot$1 too1 b anyh[ !y escap$ & liv$ to 
br+ families into  ! _w4 ,z l bre$s l1  
^! "y h>es took aft] _!  p>5ts1 &       
because !y 7 light] col\r$ 9 ! w9t] !y 9
  turn escap$ & c>ri$ ?is peculi>ity    
into ! next g5]ation4  ,x took endless  
ye>s1 & innum]able g5]ations ( h>es1    
v>y+  ?is way & t to fulfill ?is natural
 law1 & fix ! habit4 ,b  n[ t x is fix$ 
we may well view x ) wond]1 & call x an 
example ( ! law ( ! survival ( ! fitte/4
 ,h[ is ! *ange  br\ght ab\t8 ,j z !    
*ick5s & ! birds m\lt1 & ! horse  %$s1 s
 d ! rabbits4 ,_! summ] coats are ?9n] &
 br[n4 ,"o  by "o ! br[n hairs fall out 

9 ! fall till f9ally ! new coat  is !re1
 :i* is :ite4 ,x is n l ! human hair    
*ang+ f  br[n to :ite4 ,9 ! fall & !n   
aga9 9 ! spr+ !re is a  "t :5 ! v>y+ h>e
 is a v>iegat$ h>e1 8 coat be+ mottl$  )
 :ite & br[n4    ,rabbits are hunt$ )   
dogs & _! trails 9 ! new sn[ are  easily
 foll[$ by ! hunt] alone4 ,!y are caught
 9 traps &  sn>es ( v>i\s k9ds4 ,9 "o ( 
8 lessons 9 woodcraft1 ,mr4 ,seton      
describes a rabbit sn>e z foll[s3 ,/r+1 
a %oe-lace1 a bucksk9  ?ong1 or ev5 a   
/rip ( clo?+ may be us$ z a sn>e4 ,!re  
are  _m ways ( mak+ a rabbit sn>e1 b !  
simple/ is ! be/4 ,!  ess5tials are1    
fir/1 ! sn>e--an ord9>y runn+ noose2    
second1 a  twit*-up--t is a bran* b5t   
d[n or a pole set 9 ! crot* ( a  sapl+4 
,! sn>e is fa/ to ! end ( ! pole1 &     
spread op5 9 a  well worn runway4 ,!    
loop is ab\t f\r in*es across & plac$   
f\r  in*es f ! gr\nd4 ,! pole twit*-up  
is held d[n by plac+  ! cross-piece ( ! 
sn>e "u "s project+ snag4 ,! rabbit     
b\nd+ along1 puts 8 head 9 ! noose1 !   

slight j]k frees !  cross-piece f its   
hold]1 & 9 a mom5t ! rabbit is dangl+ 9 
air4    ,rabbit fur is n v durable b is 
mu* us$ = ! manufacture (  less exp5sive
 fur g>m5ts4 ,"u ! "n ( ,fr5* seal x    
f9ds a  ready m>ket & is really s(t &   
pretty4      ,,traps ,,t ,,boys ,,c     
,,make    ,!re are a numb] ( traps &    
sn>es t boys c make4 ,descriptions  ( ^!
 are to be f\nd 9 books on amateur      
c>p5try1 manual  tra9+1 & books = boys (
 v>i\s k9ds4 ,! illu/rations 9  ?is     
*apt] are int5d$ to give a few          
sugge/ions4      ,,money ,,&            
,,recreation ,,9 ,,trapp+    ,i %all n  
attempt to g at ?is subject f a         
pr(essional side1  z ,i ?9k no boys c>e 
to trap = a liv+4 ,:atev] may be said   
ab\t ! boy hav+ a gun 9 a ?ickly settl$ 
suburb1 no?+ c be  (f]$ aga9/ 8 trapp+  
if he goes at x 9 an amateur way &  ) no
 int5t to ext]m9ate ! animals 7:i* only 
a %rewd trapp]  c\ld d74    ,i w presume
 ! boy to be att5d+ a neighb\r+ s*ool   
ei!r  on ! edge ( a city or 9 a t[n4 ,"u

 ^! circum/ances he mu/  att5d to 8     
traps e>ly 9 ! morn+ or aft] s*ool4 ,at 
fir/  !re may be no m ?an en\gh money 9 
x to cov] ! co/ (  traps1 b nev]!less ! 
recreation :i* x (f]s w appeal to  !    
av]age boy4 ,z 8 k ( animals becomes    
great] ) "t1  he w get m & m pocket     
money4    ,:5 he />ts 91 ! o!r boys may 
laugh at him & say t !re  is no?+ to    
trap4 ,9 mo/ cases !y w\ld make a big   
mi/ake1  because !re (t5 are1 on ! edge 
( a city1 m fur-be>+  animals ?an 9 !   
surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,?is = ! reason t !    
pr(essional trapp] is n pres5t & mo/ ( !
 city boys d n  "k h[ to trap4 ,!re are1
 say1 muskrats & an occasional m9k along
  ! riv]s & /reams4 ,! swamps usually   
ab\nd 9 muskrats4 ,9 !  woods & fields  
are squirrels1 rabbits1 raccoons1       
opossums1 & 79  ! ,nor?7 wood*ucks4     
,x is legitimate to cat* ! wat] animals 
9 ord9>y /eel traps  because1 if set "r1
 ! captive is in/antly dr[n$4 ,= dry l& 
! /eel jaw-trap is n suitable1 because x
 w r>ely kill !  animal1 b cause him mu*

 suff]+ z x usually breaks 8 leg4  ,(t5 
9 su* case ! trapp] w only f9d a foot 9 
8 trap1 !  animal hav+ gnaw$ or twi/$ 8 
body free4 ,nev]!less any trap is       
humane :i* kills ! animal in/antly4 ,!re
 are _m new traps on  ! m>ket :i* w d   
?is1 b on acc\nt ( _! be+ pat5t$  &     
high-pric$ !y are n ext5sively us$4 ,!  
traps :i* are mo/  commonly us$ = ?is   
purpose are ! deadfalls & sn>es4    ,!  
muskrat lives :]ev] !re is a body (     
wat]4 ,he fe$s *iefly  on vegetable     
matt] :i* he obta9s 9 ! swamps or digs  
on !  banks1 al?\gh he frequ5tly visits 
a cornfield or vegetable g>d54  ,only 9 
cases ( extreme hung]1 z happ5s :5 !y   
are froz5 91  h !y be5 kn[n to eat _!   
own k94 ,9 swamps !y h h\ses  made (    
ru%es & twigs1 /&+ 9 a r\nd$ %ape ab\t  
two feet  above ! wat]4    ,to trap 9 ! 
swamps "o mu/ h high rubb] boots & if ! 
wat]  is deep a small boat is necess>y4 
,a home-made flat-bottom$ canoe1  made (
 canvas1 w be f\nd to answ] ! purpose   
admirably4 ,:]e  x is %all[ en\gh to use

 ! boots1 a long1 heavy /aff %\ld be    
c>ri$1 z ! mud is v (t5 trea*]\s &      
int]wov5 )  muskrat runways4 ,i might z 
well say 9 ! beg9n+ t !  int5d+ trapp]  
%\ld take a fri5d into 8 confid5ce & !  
two  set out to trap toge!r1 = 9 ?is way
 !y c help ea* o!r out  ( difficulties4 
7,my fri5d _h to d "s pretty /iff pull+ 
once to  get me out ( a mud hole into   
:i* ,i _h recklessly plung$1 hav+  only 
9 my m9d to get to my traps quickly47   
,along ! riv]s ! muskrats live 9 holes 9
 ! banks4 ,9 trapp+  9 su* places "o may
 walk along ! bank or use a boat1 sett+ 
!  traps 9 ! entrances ( h\ses or 9 !   
runs4    ,be=e ! trapp+ season beg9s x  
is v wise to g ov] !  t]ritory & locate 
! diff]5t h\ses1 runways1 & fe$+ places4
  ,?is w save "t :5 trapp+ beg9s1 :i*   
%\ld n be be=e  ,decemb]1 because up to 
?is "t ! pelts are n 9 _! prime4 ,!     
trapp+ season la/s = ab\t ?ree mon?s or 
until ! ice breaks up  9 ! spr+4    ,if 
! wat] is n yet ic$ ov]1 ! muskrats c be
 caught ) !  /eel jaw-traps4 ,!y %\ld be

 set 9 ! runs or at ! entrances  ( h\ses
 s t !y are j "u ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,! 
*a9 %\ld be /ak$ 9 ! wat] z f> out z    
possible4 ,! muskrat  w 9 e in/ance try 
to swim out into deep wat] & ! weight  (
 ! trap on 8 foot w pull him d[n & dr[n 
him4 ,traps may  be bait$ ) apples1     
c>rots1 turnips1 & ne>ly any vegetable  
or  fruit4 ,! bait %\ld be /uck on a    
slant+ /ick s t x w  hang ab\t a foot   
above ! pan ( ! trap4    ,illu/ration3  
,/op ?ief trap    ,:5 ! wat] is froz5   
ov]1 o!r me?ods mu/ be foll[$4 ,_m      
trapp]s cut ! h\ses op5 & set ! traps on
 ! inside1 b ^?  :o wi% to keep !       
muskrats 9 ! vic9ity w n d ?is1 because 
x de/roys _! homes & causes !m to seek  
new %elt]4 ,= my own  use ,i h /op ?ief 
traps :i* kill in/antly & are n v       
exp5sive4 ,a hole is cut 9 ! ice & !    
trap set be=e ! h\se  entrance or 9 a   
swimway4 ,9 go+ ?r\gh1 ! muskrat puts 8 
foot  on lev] a1 :i* releases b1 & ?is 9
 turn lets d[n lev] c1  :i* /rikes him  
ov] ! neck or back1 break+ x in/antly4  

,z  %[n1 ! trap is fa/5$ ) /aples to a  
wood5 prong1 "o end (  :i* is /uck 9 !  
mud at ! bottom & ! o!r fits j "u  !    
ice4    ,m9k are r>ely caught1 because  
!y are v crafty & ke5 to !  sc5t ( a    
human be+4 ,once 9 a :ile !y are caught 
9 a trap set  9 ! wat] or 9 ! entrance  
to a muskrat h\se4 ,?is is acc\nt$  = by
 ! fact t ! m9k preys l>gely ^u ^! weak]
 animals  9 ! w9t] :5 food is sc>ce4    
,sometimes !y c be lur$ )  a muskrat    
c>cass or a dead bird4 ,if ! trap is n  
set "u wat]  !re is little probability (
 gett+ ! m9k4 ,! trapp+ ( m9k  %\ld be  
enc\rag$1 because !y kill n only        
muskrats1 b *ick5s  & o!r dome/ic f[l z 
well4 ,"o mu/ use 8 own judgm5t & set  8
 trap 9 a place frequ5t$ by ! m9k4      
,prime m9k sk9s usually  br+ ?ree or f\r
 doll>s f any local fur deal]4 ,on ! o!r
  h& muskrats are m pl5tiful & br+ only 
ab\t ?irty c5ts4  ,?us x is t "s boys   
pref] to keep ! muskrat sk9s & tan  !m  
at home4 ,f ^! sk9s !y make com=table   
caps & gloves4    ,illu/ration3 ,/ret*]s

 = sk9s4 ,! n>r[ "o = m9k1 ! o!r  =     
muskrat    ,to sk9 ! muskrat & m9k1     
comm5ce on ! h9d legs4 ,! sk9 is  slit  
d[n "o leg & up ! o!r4 ,) muskrats !    
tail is cut away  f ! re/ ( ! sk94 ,!   
m9k's tail adds greatly to ! value (  ! 
sk91 s ! bone is c>efully extract$ ) a  
pair ( p9c]s &  ! tail left on ! sk94 ,!
 sk9 is !n gradually peel$ d[n ov]  !   
body & head4 ,x is !n /ret*$ ) ! fur    
side inw>d on a  bo>d z %[n 9 ! figure  
on ?is page4 ,aft] ?is x is hung 9 a    
dry1 airy place to dry1 away f ! sun4 ,=
 home tann+ a fre%  pelt ne$s only salt1
 b ! foll[+ solution gives some:at bett]
  results & makes ! sk9 m pliable3      
,salt1 two p\nds4            ,sulphuric 
acid 7com47 two ounces4            ,ra9 
wat]1 "o gallon4    ,! pelt %\ld rema9  
imm]s$ 9 ! solution = ab\t two days4    
,:5 tak5 out x mu/ be fir/ ne>ly dri$ & 
!n ! fle% side  scrap$ & rubb$ until s(t
 ) "s dull /eel in/rum5t1 su* z  an old 
blunt *isel4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 n to     
break ! sk9 z x  is v fragile 9 "s      

places1 especially on ! belly4          
,illu/ration3 ,sn>e ) c>rot bait    ,!  
l& animals c be caught 9 sn>es or       
deadfalls4 ,v likely  mo/ boys "k ( ^!1 
b ,i h illu/rat$ !m "h 9 ! =ms  :i* ,i  
?9k h s]v$ me be/4 ,usually only !      
small] animals are  caught 9 ! sn>e1 su*
 z rabbits & squirrels4 ,to bait = ei!r 
( ^! corn or apple is commonly us$1     
al?\gh onion makes a good  sc5t bait to 
draw rabbits f af>4 ,besides ^! nam$    
ne>ly any  gre5 vegetable or fruit w    
answ] v well4 ,^! animals be+  maybe !  
lea/ w>y ( !m all are !re=e v easy to   
cat*4 ,=  an opossum gre5 corn & a      
little raw meat is all t is necess>y1   
:ile = a raccoon a crawfi% may be add$4 
,?is latt] is consid]$  ! be/1 & h>dly  
ev] fails to lure ! raccoon4 ,! sk9s ( !
  raccoon & opossum br+ ab\t a doll> & a
 half1 & half a doll>1  respectively4   
,illu/ration3 ,deadfall    ,rabbits &   
squirrels are caught z game1 :ile       
raccoons toge!r )  opossum are consid]$ 
eatable by mo/ trapp]s4 ,! up-to-date p 

:o ord] m>% rabbits at ! mo/ fa%ionable 
re/aurants are  eat+ no o!r ?an muskrat4
 ,^! !y eat ) a great reli% "u  ! new   
"n4 ,i w add t x makes a great diff]5ce 
9 eat+  a muskrat :e!r y let y\r        
imag9ation get ! be/ ( y4 ,_m  times ,i 
h eat5 muskrat ) q z mu* com=t z ?\gh ,i
 7  eat+ rabbit4 ,naturally ! meat has a
 v /rong ta/e :i* mu/ be  remov$ be=e   
cook+1 by soak+ ov] night 9 salt wat]4  
,"y fat  wood*ucks are also frequ5tly   
eat54    ,x is h>d to set d[n on pap] j 
h[ & :]e to set ! traps  & x c only be  
le>n$ f ano!r trapp] or by exp]i5ce4 ,! 
mo/ important ?+ is to obs]ve closely & 
le>n ! habits ( !  animals4             
,,/anley ,,coville      ,,cur+ ,,&      
,,tann+ ,,sk9s    ,! boy trapp] mu/ "k  
h[ to take ! sk9s f ! animals he  traps1
 & h[ to treat !m to pres]ve _! beauty &
 value4 ,!  sk9 %\ld be tak5 (f be=e x  
becomes ta9t$1 & ) greate/  c>e n to    
injure x4 ,"s sk9s are exce$+ly t5d]4   
,be c>eful  to remove bits ( fat or     
fle%2 left to dry on ! sk91 ^! detract  

f its value4    ,no artificial dress+ is
 ne$$ to cure or dry a sk94 ,! fre% sk9 
%\ld be tack$ to a smoo? bo>d or drawn  
ov] a /ret*]1 fur side  91 s t ! air c  
get at x freely4 ,x %\ld n be put 9 !   
sun1 or ra91 or artificial heat4    ,:5 
?or\ghly dry1 ! sk9 is ready = m>ket or 
x may be tann$  at home4 ,a boy =tunate 
en\gh to obta9 a valuable pelt l t (    
m>t51 m9k1 or ott]1 w c]ta9ly want to   
try 8 h& at tann+4  ,y want fir/ to be  
sure to use a mixture :i* w n injure !  
fur b w fix x m firmly 9 its place4     
,nev] put any dress+ on  ! fur itself4  
,y also want ! sk9 to be s(t & pliable s
 t  x c be made up into "s =m ( g>m5t4  
,! foll[+ directions  are adapt$ f ,!   
,tricks ( ,trapp+ by ,w4 ,hamilton      
,gibson1 a  reliable s\rce ( all trapp+ 
lore = ,am]ican boys3 ,aft] e  p>ticle (
 loose fle% & fat is remov$ f ! sk91 x  
%\ld be  soak$ = a c\ple ( h\rs 9 w>m   
wat]4 ,:ile wait+1 prep>e ?is  mixture3 
,take equal p>ts ( saltpetre1 borax1 &  
sulphate ( soda4  ,mix ) en\gh wat] to  

make a ?9 batt]4 ,pa9t ! wet sk9 ov]    
?ickly on ! fle% side4 ,fold ! sk9 fle% 
side 9 & lay 9 an  airy place1 =        
tw5ty-f\r h\rs4    ,on ! foll[+ day     
prep>e a second mixture consi/+ ( two   
p>ts  sal-soda1 ?ree p>ts borax1 f\r    
p>ts ca/ile soap4 ,melt ^!  toge!r ov] a
 sl[ fire4 ,apply ?is mixture 9 ! same  
mann] z !  fir/1 tw5ty-f\r h\rs lat]4   
,fold sk9 z be=e & leave ano!r          
tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,make a ?ird mixture (  
equal p>ts ( common salt  & alum1       
dissolv$ 9 w>m wat] & ?ick5$ ) co>se    
fl\r to  ! consi/5cy ( ?9 pa/e4 ,all[   
?is to dry on1 !n /ret*  ! sk9 lightly &
 scrape (f ! h>d5$ pa/e ) ! b[l (  a    
spoon4 ,sometimes a second or ev5 a ?ird
 treatm5t ) ! la/  mixture is requir$ to
 make ! sk9 absolutely pliable1 aft] :i*
  x %\ld be f9i%$ ) s&-pap] & pumice    
/one4 ,a sk9 ?us  dress$ %\ld be s(t z  
velvet4 ,! alum & salt set ! hair       
securely4          ,,app5dix    ,,free  
,,pr9t$ ,,matt]4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,get ,,x    
,!re are ?ree pr9cipal s\rces ( free    

pr9t$ matt] on outdoor  "w subjects4 ,^!
 are 7#a7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t (   
,agriculture4 7#b7 ,/ate ,agricultural  
,exp]im5t ,/ations4 7#c7 ,comm]cial     
h\ses :o sell supplies = outdoor        
occupations4    7#a7 ,! ,f>m]s'         
,bullet9s are ! ones :i* w be mo/ useful
 to  outdoor work]s4 ,!y are writt5 9   
pla9 language & treat e  subject 9 a    
practical way4 ,to get !m1 y %\ld       
address a po/al  c>d ?us3      ,secret>y
 ( ,agriculture1          ,wa%+ton1     
,d4 ,c4    ,on ! o!r side ( ! c>d write 
z foll[s3         ,please s5d me ! li/ (
 publications = free di/ribution s5t    
out by y\r dep>tm5t1 & oblige1    ,sign 
y\r "n & address di/9ctly4    ,9 a few  
days y w get a pr9t$ circul> giv+ !     
numb]s &  titles ( all ! ,f>m]s'        
,bullet9s & o!r free lit]ature !y  h4   
,*oose ! ones y want & address ano!r    
po/al c>d to !  ,secret>y (             
,agriculture4 ,ask = ! bullet9s want$ by
 numb] &  title bo?1 to avoid mi/akes4  
,"s ( ! bullet9s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates      

,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture  are n = free  
di/ribution4 ,!y are too valuable4 ,a   
*>ge is made  to cov] co/ ( pr9t+4 ,to  
get any bullet9 m5tion$ 9 ?is li/  ) its
 price1 address a lett] to ,sup]9t5d5t (
 ,docum5ts1  ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 &       
enclose ! am\nt 9 money ord] or co94 ,d 
n s5d /amps4    7#b7 ,to get ! bullet9s 
( y\r own ,/ate ,exp]im5t ,/ation y h   
only to address ano!r po/al c>d2 ?is "t 
to ! ,director ( ,/ate  ,exp]im5t       
,/ation1 ) ! "n ( ! po/-(fice & /ate4   
,if  n sure ( ! title & numb] ( !       
bullet9 y want1 tell !  director :at    
phase ( ! subject y are int]e/$ 94 ,=   
in/ance1  "o exp]im5t /ation issues     
sev]al p\ltry bullet9s4 ,d y want  ! "o 
on ,h\se ,con/ruction or ! "o on ,fe$+  
,pullets8 ,!  m def9ite y are 9 y\r     
reque/s ! m likely y are to get  exactly
 :at y ne$ mo/4    ,to get ! bullet9s ( 
ano!r /ation ?an y\r own is n q s       
simple4 ,!y h no fund = di/ribut+       
bullet9s 9 o!r /ates4  ,b ,i h nev]     
fail$ to get !m by ask+ = j ! ?+  ,i    

ne$4 ,x is well to (f] to pay = ^!2 !   
price is always  small4 ,"s ( !m are    
republi%$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t (
  ,agriculture & appe> 9 _! free li/ z  
,exp]im5t ,/ation ,"w1  ,i1 ,,ii1 ,,iii1
 etc4    7#c7 ,! booklets & catalogues  
s5t out free by se$sm5 & o!r  comm]cial 
h\ses are m9es ( in=mation1 cond5s$ &   
well  arrang$4 ,y may be sure t ! advice
 !y give is good1 too1 z x  is to _!    
int]e/ to h _! patrons succe$4 ,y c tell
 !  diff]5ce v quickly betwe5 ! hot air 
( adv]tis+ matt] &  ! practical advice  
to beg9n]s giv5 9 catalogues4    ,i mo/ 
e>ne/ly advise e "o ( y :o is engag$ 9 a
 money  mak+ ent]prise to subscribe = "s
 good p]iodical4 ,!re are  good magaz9es
 devot$ to _m ( ! occupations1 & "s ( ! 
g5]al magaz9es h special dep>tm5ts :i*  
are full ( up-to-date  sugge/ions :i* h 
n yet be5 put into books4 ,! late/ &    
be/ ^w on y\r subject is none too good &
 may make a diff]5ce  ( doll>s 9 or out 
( pocket4 ,if y devise any new app>atus 
or  discov] any "t or money sav+ me?ods1

 don't keep ^! ?+s to  y\rself4 ,help ! 
_w along by writ+ to "s magaz9e ab\t x4 
,!y are on ! look\t = valuable          
novelties4 ,! /ories told by  boys &    
girls 9 ?is volume h almo/ all appe>$ 9 
a magaz9e  fir/4      ,,! ,,outdoor     
,,work]',s ,,libr>y    ,! foll[+ is a   
li/ ( useful books1 magaz9es1 & bullet9s
 on  all sorts ( outdoor occupations1   
writt5 by exp]ts4 ,!y are "h  arrang$ by
 subjects "u elev5 ( ! *apt]s ( ?is     
book4    ,n4 ,b4 ,"s ( ^! books are     
exp5sive4 ,get !m f y\r libr>y  if y c4 
,! libr>ian w usually ord] a good book  
:i* is 9  dem&4          ,,*apt] ,,ii4  
,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture3 
,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #ccb4 ,nuts & ,_! 
,uses z ,food4                      ,no4
 #ahh4 ,we$s ,us$ 9 ,m$ic9e4            
,no4 #beb4 ,maple ,sug> & ,sirup4       
,plant ,indu/ry ,bullet9 ,no4 #ajg4     
,root ,drugs4 ,price #ae;c4             
,v]mont ,agricultural ,exp]im5t ,/ation 
,bullet9 ,no4 #aje4 ,maple      ,sap    
,fl[4        ,v]mont ,exp]im5t ,/ation  

,bullet9 ,no4 #bf4 ,maple ,sug>4        
,practical ,=e/ry4 ,gif=d4 ,d4 ,appleton
  ,co4        ,mu%rooms1 ,edible &      
,o!rwise4 ,h>d4 ,mu%room ,publi%+ ,co41 
,columbus1 ,o4          ,,*apt] ,,iii4  
,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4  #bb4 ,! ,fe$+ (  
,f>m ,animals4                      ,no4
 #bje4 ,pig ,managem5t4                 
,no4  #di4 ,%eep ,fe$+4                 
,no4 #acg4 ,! ,angora ,goat4            
,no4  #fd4 ,ducks & ,geese4             
,no4 #bcd4 ,gu9ea ,f[l4                 
,no4 #ceg4 ,me?ods ( ,p\ltry ,managem5t 
at !                                    
,ma9e ,exp]im5t ,/ation4                
,no4 #agg4 ,squab ,rais+4 ,price #e;c4  
,no4 #cij4 ,pheasant ,re>+ 9 ! ,unit$   
,/ates4        ,bureau ( ,animal        
,indu/ry ,bullet9 ,no4 #fh4 ,mil*       
,goats4 ,price #ac;c4        ,cornell   
,univ]sity ,rural ,s*ool ,leaflet4 ,vol4
 #d4 ,no4 #a4 ,horses4      ,i?aca1 ,n4 
,y4        ,p\ltry ,bullet9s ,nos4 #bdj1
 #bhb1 #bgd1 #bdi4 ,cornell ,univ]sity4 
,! ,p\ltry ,book4 ,d\bl$ay1 ,page  ,co4 

,,*apt] ,,iv4        ,! ,p\ltry ,book4  
,d\bl$ay1 ,page  ,co4        ,our ,home 
,pets4 ,o4 ,t4 ,mill]4 ,h>p]  ,bros4    
,! ,self-,support+ ,home4 ,/4 ,maur4 ,! 
,macmillan ,co4        ,goldfi%         
,culture4 ,mul]tt4 ,h4 ,mul]tt1 publi%]1
 #bhi ,f5nimore      ,/41 ,brooklyn1 ,n4
 ,y4          ,,*apt] ,v4               
,ill9ois ,agricultural ,college         
,ext5sion ,c\rse4 ,dairy ,lessons =     
,use 9 ,public ,s*ools4        ,f>m]s'  
,bullet9 ,no4 #dac4 ,c>e ( ,milk 9 !    
,home4                      ,no4 #aif4  
,usefulness ( ! ,am]ican ,toad4         
,no4 #cbh4 ,silv] ,fox ,f>m+4           
,no4 #ccj4 ,de] ,f>m+ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4
          ,,*apt] ,,vi4        ,am]ican 
,boys' ,h&y ,book4 ,be>d4 ,h>p]  ,bros4 
,b\nd ,volumes ( ,c\ntry ,life 9        
,am]ica4 ,articles on ,swimm+           
,pools1 ,spr+s1 etc4        ,f>m]s'     
,bullet9 ,no4 #ach4 ,irrigation 9 ,field
 & ,g>d54          ,,*apt] ,,vii4       
,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #cig4 ,bees4      
,a ,b ,c ( ,bee ,culture4 ,root4 ,a4 ,i4

 ,root ,co41 ,m$9a1 ,o4        ,h[ to   
,keep ,bees4 ,com/ock4 ,d\bl$ay1 ,page  
,co4          ,,*apt] ,,viii4           
,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #afe4 ,silk-worm  
,culture4          ,,*apt] ,,ix4        
,botany4 ,bailey4 ,! ,macmillan ,co4    
,! ,sea ,bea* at ,ebb-tide4 ,arnold4 ,! 
,c5tury ,co4        ,cornell ,nature    
,/udy ,leaflets4 ,h[ to ,make a         
,collection (      ,insects4 ,com/ock4  
,j4 ,b4 ,lyon1 ,albany1 ,n4 ,y4         
,unit$ ,/ates ,national ,museum ,bullet9
 #ci4 ,collect+ ,fossils1      ,plants1 
,insects1 ,%ells1 ,arr[heads1 etc4      
,,*apt] ,x4        ,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4
 #dae4 ,se$ ,corn4                      
,no4 #age4 ,unf]m5t$ ,grape ,juice4     
,new ,york ,exp]im5t ,/ation at ,g5eva4 
,bullet9 ,no4 #beh4 7,popul>            
edition47 ,mak+ ,cid] ,v9eg> at ,home4  
,,*apt] ,,xi4        ,f>m]s' ,bullet9   
,no4 #ahe4 ,beautify+ ! ,home ,gr\nds4  
,no4 #acd4 ,tree ,plant+ on ,rural      
,s*ool ,gr\nds4                         
,no4 #aee4 ,h[ ,insects ,affect ,heal? 9

 ,rural                                 
,di/ricts4                      ,no4    
#che4 ,boys' & ,girls' ,agricultural    
,clubs4                      ,no4 #cfh4 
,! ,eradication ( ,b9d ,we$ or ,wild    
,morn+ ,glory4                      ,no4
 #cfi4 ,h[ to ,de/roy ,rats4            
,no4 #chc4 ,h[ to ,de/roy ,engli%       
,sp>r[s4                      ,no4 #cif4
 ,! ,muskrat4                      ,no4 
#ii4 ,insect ,enemies ( ,%ade ,trees4   
,no4  #bh4 ,we$s3 ,h[ to ,kill ,!m4     
,no4  #ed4 ,common ,birds 9 ,_!         
,relation to                            
,agriculture4 ,price #f;c4              
,biological ,bullet9 ,no4 #bd4 ,gr\se & 
,wild ,turkeys 9 ! ,unit$        ,/ates4
 ,price #aj;c4          ,bureau (       
,entomology ,bullet9 ,no4 #be4          
,mosquitoes4 ,price #aj;c4              
,bureau ( ,entomology ,circul> ,no4 #aa4
 ,h\se ,flies4          #aiji ,ye> ,book
 ( ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,plants    
,useful to        ,attract ,birds &     
,protect ,fruit ,trees4          ,new   

,j]sey ,exp]im5t ,/ation ,bullet9 ,no4  
#baf4 ,! ,h\se        ,mosquito4        
,circul>s issu$ by ,! ,audubon ,society4
 ,new ,york4          ,h[ to ,attract ! 
,birds4 ,blan*an4 ,d\bl$ay1 ,page  ,co4 
,camp ,life 9 ! ,woods & ! ,tricks (    
,trapp+4 ,gibson4 ,h>p]         ,bros4  
,trapp]s' ,guide4 ,ne:\se4 7,try to get 
?is book f a libr>y47                   
,transcrib]'s ,notes3      ,spell+      
appe>s to be evolv+ betwe5 ,,u_/,,uk    
e4g4 bo? color &  col\r are se54    ,"s 
page numb]s 9 cont5ts li/ are incorrect1
 ^! h be5 left  z giv54      ,,* ,,ii is
 p4 #h4 7,,toc has #i7    ,,* ,,ii is   
#ajj 7#aja7    ,,* ,,viii is #ccg 7#cch7
    ,,* ,,ix is #cdi 7#cej7    ,,* ,x is
 #djd 7#dje7    ,,* ,,xi is #ddi 7#dej7 
,app5dix is #eac 7#ead7    ,book li/ is 
#eaf 7#eah7    ,correct$ obvi\s typos & 
inconsi/5cies1 o!rwise spell+ has be5   
left z pr9t$3      p4 #adi gasol9e -    
gasol5e4           skim milk -          
skim-milk4    p4 #afc ,wynadottes -     
,wy&ottes4    p4 #aha prec5tage -       

p]c5tage4    p4 #bbh vak - yak4    p4   
#bdg belive - believe4    p4 #cda at -  
z4    p4 #dhe noctural - nocturnal4