,transcrib]'s note3 ,m9or spell+ & punctuation inconsi/5cies1 & hyph5at$ words1 h be5 h>moniz$4 ,italic text has be5 m>k$ ) und]scores4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,gra9+3 ,,h[ ,,acquir$ ,,& ,,h[ ,,produc$4 ,,) ,,description ,,( ,,colors ,,& ,,_! ,,applications4 ,,) ,,li?ographic ,,illu/rations ,,( ,,! ,,v>i\s ,,woods ,,us$ ,,9 ,,int]ior ,,f9i%+4 ,,) #db ,,color$ ,,plates ,,on ,,/one4 ,,by ,,*>les ,,pick]t ,,& ,a4 ,,metcalf4 ,,new ,,york3 ,d4 ,,van ,,no/r&1 ,,publi%]1 #bc ,,murray ,,& #bg ,,w>r5 ,,/reet4 #ahgb4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahgb1 by ,,*>les ,,pick]t ,,& ,a4 ,,metcalf1 9 ! ,(fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress at ,wa%+ton4 ,,introduction4 ,! ,art ( ,gra9+ is judg$ by ! au?ors ( ?is treatise to be ( suffici5t importance to ju/ify a "w devot$ especially to ! task ( giv+ in/ruction to le>n]s ( ! art4 ,all gra9+ is an imitation ( "s m or less well kn[n wood1 & ! le>n] may d\btless draw f nature ! copies he desires to imitate2 b x is only tra9$ skill t c accompli% ! task p]fectly1 & x is presumably true t ^? :o1 9 acquir+ a long exp]i5ce1 h made ! ob/acles to success a special /udy1 are be/ prep>$ to af=d in/ruction to a beg9n]4 ,! au?ors ( ! "w pres5t "h ! result ( a long exp]i5ce 9 ! practice ( ?is decorative art1 & feel confid5t t !y h]eby (f] to _! bro!r artisans a reliable guide to improvem5t 9 ! practice ( gra9+4 ,x is e>ne/ly recomm5d$ by ! au?ors t le>n]s %\ld practise draw+ ! sev]al copies giv5 z samples1 ) draw+ p5cils1 us+ bo? n>r[ & broad-po9t$1 z ! sure/ means ( acquir+ su* ?or\gh ma/]y ( prop] manipulation z w insure ! highe/ degree ( success4 ,x is believ$1 moreov]1 t exp]i5c$ le>n]s w f9d x n amiss to avail !mselves ( ! me?ods set =? 9 ?is treatise1 af=d+ z !y d1 ! sum ( ! examples ( fell[-artisans :o h c>efully /udi$ nature's own modes1 & h /udi\sly foll[$ su* plans 9 work+ z insur$ ! close/ & mo/ durable adh]5ce to ! orig9al =m & color4 ,,*>les ,,pick]t1 ,a4 ,,metcalf4 ,,in/ructions ,,h[ ,,to ,,mix ,,& ,,apply ,,! ,,colors ,,9 ,,gra9+ ,,! ,,v>i\s ,,woods ,,h]e9 ,,repres5t$4 ,z oak & black walnut are ! pr9cipal woods imitat$ 9 gra9+1 we h giv5 !m a prom95t place & c>eful att5tion 9 our "w1 = :5 ! ability to produce imitations ( ^? prop]ly is once ?or\ghly atta9$1 ! gra9+ ( o!r woods becomes a comp>atively easy task4 99 99 99 99 99 ,fir/3--,9 prep>+ "w = gra9+1 great att5tion %\ld be giv5 to ! %ellack+ ( all knots & o!r p>ts conta9+ any inequalities ( surface1 :e!r f ! exudation ( pit*1 gum1 or o!r sub/ance2 unless ?is precaution is obs]v$ ! pit* or gum w =ce itself ?r\gh a great _m coats ( pa9t4 ,,oak4 ,= oak-gra9+ ! prim+ coat %\ld be :ite1 mix$ 7n too ?ickly7 ) pure lead & l9se$-oil2 !n1 :5 ?or\ghly dry1 & ready = a second coat ( pa9t1 mu* c>e %\ld be obs]v$ 9 well /opp+ or putty+ ) :ite lead or common putty1 z may be ?\ght be/1 leav+ all nail-holes or o!r inequalities well fill$1 press$ 9 & r\nd$ up1 s t :5 ?or\ghly s&-pap]$ x w leave ! surface entirely smoo? & level4 ,= a second coat ( pa9t1 a little yell[ *rome or ,ro*elle may be add$1 suffici5t to make x a light cream color1 us+ = a body pure lead1 turp5t9e1 oil1 & a small quantity ( japan1 mak+ ! pa9t a trifle ?ick] ?an ! prim+ coat1 hav+ x well mix$ & /ra9$1 s t x %all n conta9 any lumps or =eign sub/ance4 ,"h let u say t ! habit ( und]tak+ to d gra9+ "w on two coats ( pa9t is entirely wrong2 good "w _c by any possibility be p]=m$ unless !re %all h be5 at lea/ ?ree coats laid on z a f\ndation1--o!rwise x w n wipe out clean1 b w appe> muddy & f\l :5 complet$4 ,= a ?ird coat ( gra9$ "w1 if a v light oak is desir$1 add to ! same mixture ( lead1 oil1 etc41 suffici5t yell[ z be=e1 to produce a delicate cream1 add+ to t a v small quantity ( ,am]ican v]milion1 or ,v5etian r$4 ,aft] lay+ on ! second coat1 ! "w %\ld be well & c>efully s&-pap]$1 putty+ 7z be=e sugge/$71 if necess>y4 ,:5 ! ?ird coat has be5 on two or m days1 & has become ?or\ghly h>d & dry1 use ^u ! surface v f9e s&-pap]1 s t a p]fectly smoo? f9i% may be obta9$4 ,= light-oak gra9+-color1 use equal p>ts ( raw umb] & raw ,si5na1 & if a little d>k] %ade is desir$1 tone ) burnt umb]1 gr9d+ into ! same a little ,p>is1 or common :it+1 :i* gives x body & holds x toge!r4 ,a little beeswax or br[n ,w9dsor soap dissolv$ 9 turp5t9e may be us$ if desir$1 b 9 a small quantity4 ,= mix+ ! colors employ "o-f\r? boil$ oil1 ?ree-f\r?s turp5t9e1 add+ = dri] a v little japan4 ,gra9+-colors %\ld inv>iably /& f six to t5 h\rs aft] mix+ be=e be+ appli$1 & if too ?ick1 :5 add+ ! ?9n]s be cauti\s to avoid /irr+ f ! bottom4 ,! colors %\ld be mix$ to su* a consi/5cy1 t :5 put on1 a p]fectly cle> & transp>5t appe>ance may be obta9$4 ,= d>k] %ades ( oak1 m yell[ & r$ %\ld be us$ 9 ! gr\nd-"w & m burnt umb] 9 ! gra9+-color1 add+ en\gh ( ! burnt umb] to make ! gra9+-color h>monize ) ! gr\nd-"w4 ,& "h we w\ld sugge/ t e gra9]1 :o desires to p]fect himself 9 ! art1 %\ld procure small pieces ( ! v>i\s k9ds ( wood he wi%es to imitate1 & 9 all cases mix 8 colors 9 h>mony ) ^? %[n 9 ! wood--mix+ 8 gr\nd-"w s z to comp>e ) ! lighte/ %ade obs]vable 9 ! wood4 ,too mu* c>e _c be tak5 9 ! prep>ation ( gra9+-colors2 m failures h be5 made ?r\gh neglect ( ?is1 ?an 9 ! execution ( ! "w itself1 = except ! colors are 9 prop] h>mony ) ! wood desir$ to be imitat$1 ! "w1 ?\gh well execut$1 mu/ be a failure 9 ! production ( ! wi%$-= object4 ,= ! la/ coat ( ! gr\nd-"w = oak1 !re %\ld be a suffici5cy ( oil to imp>t a slight gloss :5 laid on1 :i* enables x to be wip$ clean1 free1 & uncl\d$4 ,= %ad+ oak use a little raw ,si5na1 raw & burnt umb]1 mix+ ) oil1 turp5t9e1 japan1 etc41 z be=e m5tion$4 ,:]e knots or curls occur 9 ! gra91 z %[n 9 our illu/ration1 !re light & c>eless %ades %\ld be ?r[n 91 avoid+ any?+ prom95t or h>%1 & 9 mo/ cases make ! gr[? or he>t slightly d>k] ?an at ! edge4 ,a beautiful effect c be produc$ by comb+ ov] ! flak+ ) a f9e or co>se rubb] comb1 bl5d+ v lightly 9 ! same direction ! ve9s or comb take4 ,! effect produc$ is to s9k ! flak+1 mak+ x look solid & true to nature4 ,= wip+ out oak 7z 9 samples %[n71 see description ( process 9 our foll[+ *apt] on black walnut1 us+ ! same tools1 etc4 7rubb] combs1 ,engli% or ,am]ican /eel combs 9 oak1 n 9 walnut74 ,:]e flak+ is done x is comb$ fir/ ) a co>se1 !n a f9e /eel comb1 b :]e he>t or gr[?-pieces occur1 no comb %\ld be us$ until wip$ out1 !n comb ) a f9e comb v lightly 9 ! same direction ! gra9s may run4 ,9 gra9+1 p>ticul>ly oak1 c>e %\ld be tak5 to h ! gra9s lose !mselves regul>ly at ! sides1 n leav+ ! he>t-piece abruptly1 b gradually 7z %[n 9 our illu/ration71 pres]v+ a prop] h>mony ( colors f c5tre to outside4 ,,black ,,walnut4 ,! same c>e %\ld be tak5 9 putty+1 s&-pap]+1 mix+1 & apply+1 z h]e9be=e sugge/$ 9 ! *apt] ^u gra9+ oak4 ,! gr\nd-"w = black walnut %\ld be mix$ ) pure :ite lead1 turp5t9e1 oil1 japan1 etc41 color$ ) *rome yell[ or good ,ro*elle o*re1 ,am]ican v]milion1 or ,engli% ,v5etian r$1 & burnt umb]1 :i* if prop]ly comb9$ produces ! mo/ prop] gr\nd-"w atta9able4 ,?is wood v>ies 9 color1 "s pieces be>+ ^u ! yell[1 & o!rs ^u ! r$1 ei!r ( :i* may be correctly imitat$ by add+ yell[ or r$ z ! case requires4 ,!re are "s pieces1 h[ev]1 ( a grayi% ca/1 & if su* a *>act]i/ic is desir$ 9 gra9+1 add to ! gr\nd-"w a little ,v&yke br[n4 ,! gr\nd-"w 7la/ coat7 %\ld be s mix$ z to h1 :5 dry1 an egg-%ell gloss1 9 ord] to prev5t ! fir/ coat ( gra9+ 7:i* is di/emp]-color7 f crawl+ or runn+ toge!r4 ,black walnut is a v por\s wood1 & unless ! pores are prop]ly %[n 9 ! gra9+1 ! imitation w be f> f p]fect2 no gra9]1 !re=e1 %\ld dep>t s f> f nature z to omit ?is necess>y & absolute consid]ation4 ,= ! accompli%m5t ( a correct imitation 9 ?is respect1 take a small quantity ( s\r or common ale1 or1 if n obta9able1 a little v9eg> & wat] 7equal p>ts7 w d 7ur9e is an excell5t sub/itute = ei!r ( ! liquids nam$71 & to ?is add1 = color+ purposes1 ?ree-f\r?s burnt umb] & "o-f\r? ,v&yke br[n2 :5 ?is is appli$1 & be=e dry1 take a dry bru% 7a flat "o is pref]able71 & :ip ! color ?or\ghly ) ! same1 keep+ ! h& close to ! surface ( ! object to be gra9$2 & z pores 9 "s pieces ( walnut %[ f> m di/9ctly ?an 9 o!rs1 to imitate ?is1 c]ta9 portions %\ld be :ipp$ v co>sely1 :ile o!r portions %\ld be :ipp$ v f9e4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 9 :ipp+1 to h all jo9ts1 etc41 left p]fectly squ>e z con/ruct$1 & ! :ipp+ %\ld inv>iably be done z ! gra9 ( ! wood is design$ to run4 ,! di/emp]-color %\ld be mix$ to a ?ickness1 t1 :5 appli$ & prop]ly :ipp$1 ! g5]al tone ( ! gr\nd-"w %all n be mat]ially *ang$4 ,"s gra9]s1 be=e proce$+ fur!r 9 gra9+ black walnut1 h v>ni%$ ! di/emp]-coat2 we reg>d ?is z entirely useless1 z well z detrim5tal to ! g5]al tone ( ! gra9+ :5 done4 ,! impression curr5t among "s pa9t]s1 t :5 ! gra9+-color is appli$ to ! di/emp]-color1 )\t fir/ v>ni%+1 x 7! di/emp]-color7 w rub up1 is errone\s1 = :5 p]fectly dry x is all ready to receive ! gra9+-color4 ,aft] comply+ ) ! =ego+ directions1 ! article be+ n[ all ready = gra9+1 hav+1 z %[n1 receiv$ ! di/emp]-color1 take ?ree-f\r?s burnt umb] & "o-f\r? ,v&yke br[n1 mix$ ) ?ree-f\r?s turp5t9e1 "o-f\r? oil & japan1 us+ beeswax or soap to prev5t its runn+ z 9 oak-gra9+ 7( c\rse ! color mu/ be v>i$ to comply ) ! gr\nd-"w by add+ burnt umb]1 ,v&yke br[n1 or burnt ,si5na1 z h]e9be=e set =? 9 our directions = oak-gra9+71 & to avoid d>k5+ ! gra9+ b a v little1 ! color %\ld be us$ ?94 ,9 gra9+ a panel1 = in/ance1 9 ord] to obta9 a correct imitation ( black walnut1 ! gra9]1 :5 runn+ ! he>t-piece 7z %[n 9 our illu/rations71 %\ld h ^u 8 pallet1 glass1 or bo>d1 a small quantity ( umb] & ,v&yke br[n to d>k5 ! c5tre a little1 !reby %[+ ! gra9s p]fectly cle> 9 ! c5tre :ile !y lose !mselves ne> ! out] edge4 ,9 gra9+ black walnut1 combs %\ld be us$ z little z possible1 leav+ all ! pla9 p>ts to be f9i%$ 9 ! glaz+4 ,= wip+ out gr[?s1 "s use *amois1 o!rs use cotton clo?s drawn closely ov] ! ?umb nail1 :ile _m use 9 place ( ei!r1 a small piece ( rubb]1 or belt+ cut ab\t "o-f\r? ( an in* wide at ! end us$1 & 9 "s in/ances1 :]e a *eap job ( gra9+ is desir$1 rubb] combs cut f9e & co>se c be us$ ) good success 9 runn+ gr[?s or he>ts by bl5d+ lightly aft] comb+4 ,?is br+s ! "w up to a f9i%+1 or %ad+ po9t1 = :i* purpose use pr9cipally ,v&yke br[n1 burnt umb] & ivory-black1 mix$ ) oil1 turp5t9e1 etc4 7z h]e9be=e nam$71 & by keep+ ^u ! bo>d1 glass or pallet1 a little ( ^! sep>ately1 & us+ m ( "o ?an ! o!r1 a beautiful & correct v>iety c be produc$1 x be+ almo/ impossible to f9d two pieces ( walnut exactly alike 9 %ade4 ,l ! re/1 %ad+ mu/ be appli$ ) a bru%1 & :]e crooks1 curls1 or knots 9 ! gra9 may appe> 7see illu/rations71 c>eless & light %ades %\ld be ?r[n 91 & 9 ! great] numb] ( cases cause gr[?s a trifle d>k] ?an edges4 ,= %ad+ ! pla9 p>ts1 a f9e & v prop] effect w be produc$ by fir/ apply+ ! color & !n by lay+ on a flat bru%1 press+ x heavily1 & draw+ x crook$ or /raight z desir$1 !n by bl5d+ ! same v lightly4 ,:]e ! bru% is n ?us us$1 a simil> effect c be produc$ by wip+ out l9es at small int]vals1 !n bl5d+1 9 all cases avoid+ ! too common error ( putt+ too mu* "w 9 ! gra9+1 & pres]ve a prop] h>mony ( colors s t :5 complet$ ! "w w appe> ri*1 clean1 & f9i%$4 ,all gra9+ c be f9i%$ by v>ni%+1 or to imitate 9 oil-f9i% if pref]able4 ,%\ld ! latt] be desirable take "o 7#a7 qu>t ( turp5t9e2 "o-f\r? 7#a_/d7 lb4 ( :ite wax 7melt$ 9 turp5t9e71 add+ "o half 7#a_/b7 p9t ( be/ coa* v>ni% 7h>d dry+72 "o half 7#a_/b7 p9t ( boil$ oil1 & "o 7#a7 gill ( japan--apply ) a bru%1 & use sp>+ly1 "o coat is suffici5t4 ,by con=m+ to our directions1 9 ! gra9+ ( black walnut1 great & satisfactory results w foll[4 ,,rosewood4 ,9 prep>+ "w = rosewood ! same in/ructions %\ld be foll[$ z are laid d[n 9 ! prec$+ rem>ks ^u ! gra9+1 etc41 ( black walnut1 = ! gr\nd-"w ( bo? woods is =m$ ( ! same colors1 only m ( ! r$ & yell[ is us$ = rosewood ?an walnut1 z ! =m] v>ies m 9 tone betwe5 r$ & yell[4 ,! same rules 9 bo? cases %\ld be con=m$ )1 & simil> tools 9 apply+ or lay+ on are us$4 ,9 prep>+ gr\nd-"w = rosewood1 h[ev]1 a little rose p9k may sometimes be employ$ advantage\sly4 ,( c\rse ! egg-%ell gloss mu/ be atta9$ aft] ! ?ird gr\nd-"w is laid on1 9 ord] to receive ! :ipp+-coat prop]ly4 ,pores 9 rosewood be+ v f9e1 ! :ipp+ %\ld be z f9e z possible4 ,! di/emp] color is made f burnt umb]1 a v little ,v&yke br[n1 & a small quantity ( rose-p9k1 gr\nd 9 ale1 or v9eg> & wat]1 etc41 z be=e m5tion$1 & appli$ v ?94 ,! fir/ coat ( gra9+ is mix$ f ,v&yke br[n1 burnt umb]1 & ivory-black 7?\gh ma9ly f ! =m]71 gr\nd v f9e 9 oil1 turp5t9e1 wax1 etc41 & mu/ /& aft] be+ mix$ = "s six h\rs be=e apply+4 ,9 "s cases1 :]e a r$di% ca/ is desir$1 x w be well to use a trifle m ( ! rose-p9k4 ,z ! gra9s 9 rosewood run v irregul>ly 7see illu/ration71 great c>e mu/ be ma9ta9$ 9 comb+1 x be+ necess>y 9 mo/ cases to employ extremely co>se & f9e combs2 & at times x may be absolutely necess>y to use a p5cil1 9 br++ up ?is imitation to p]fection1 & all ( ! comb+ & p5cill+ mu/ be bl5d$ d[n v s(tly ) a f9e badg] bl5d]4 ,= ! glaz+1 ! same colors may be us$1 ?\gh *iefly ,v&yke br[n & ivory-black1 mak+ ! d>k places pr9cipally f ! latt]1 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 all ( ^! colors are to be made exce$+ly ?9 & z transp>5t z possible4 ,:]e a p>ticul>ly ri* f9i% is desir$1 a good effect w result by giv+ ! "w ano!r extremely ?9 coat ( glaz+1 compos$ ( rose-p9k ) a little ivory-black1 ?us s9k+ & h>moniz+ ! :ole "w1 giv+ x a ri* & v f9e appe>ance4 ,:5 ! "w becomes ?or\ghly h>d & dry1 x c be f9i%$ ei!r 9 v>ni% or oil1 z h]et(ore m5tion$ 9 ! f9i%+ ( black walnut4 ,,maple4 ,?is1 ?\gh a v beautiful wood1 is n z commonly us$ 9 gra9+ z "s o!rs1 ?\gh a f9e effect c be produc$ by gra9+ panels1 etc41 9 rooms :]e ! pr9cipal gra9+ may be black walnut1 oak1 or rosewood1 =m+ ?us a contra/1 :i*1 :5 well execut$1 pres5ts an extremely f9e appe>ance1 & z maple is nev] us$ = an outside f9i% 7!re=e n be+ expos$ to ! wea!r71 x c be gra9$ m successfully 9 di/emp] ?an 9 oil1 & also mu* m readily1 ! consequ5ce ( :i* is1 we %all speak ( x z be+ gra9$ only 9 di/emp] color1 ?\gh ! same colors1 us$ by a skilful h&1 9 oil1 w produce ! same beautiful effect4 ,! gr\nd-"w = maple is made f :ite1 t9t$ ) *rome yell[1 mak+ ! v lighte/ cream1 & ! same rules z to mix+1 lay+ on1 etc41 etc41 are applicable to ! gra9+ ( maple z to ! o!r woods h]e9be=e m5tion$1 viz41 walnut1 oak1 & rosewood4 ,! gra9+ color is made f raw ,si5na & a little raw umb]1 n f> f equal p>ts1 & gr\nd f9e 9 ale1 etc41 z be=e laid d[n = di/emp] colors4 ,by rubb+ ! gr\nd-"w ^u :i* all di/emp] colors are laid1 ) a damp sponge1 x w be f\nd to take ! color mu* m readily ?an :5 n s rubb$4 ,! tools necess>y = ! gra9+ ( maple are a badg]-hair bl5d]1 two or ?ree top1 or ov]-gra9]s1 v>y+ 9 wid?2 & 9 runn+ ( he>t-pieces1 p5cils mu/ be us$4 ,= mak+ ! curls 9 curly maple1 !re c be no?+ bett] ?an a raw potato1 cut1 say two or ?ree in*es wide1 ) a ?91 /raight edge1 al?\gh ! "w c be p]=m$ by us+ a piece ( rubb]1 or belt+1 ) a simil> /raight edge4 ,a flat camel's-hair bru%1 us$ wet1 w accompli% ! same1 & = ?is purpose x is employ$ q successfully4 ,9 =m+ ! bird's-eyes1 a potato cut 9 two1 ne> ! c5tre1 ) v>i\s inequalities made ^u ! smoo? surface1 & c>elessly p\nc$ ov] ! surface ( ! "w1 w prove successful2 b we "k ( no?+ bett] adapt$ = ?is purpose ?an ! ends ( ! f+]s1 t\*+ ! surface !re) at int]vals4 7,see samples47 ,aft] a ?9 coat+ ( ! di/emp] is laid on1 = ! production ( curly maple1 take a potato1 or "s "o ( ! o!r ?+s spok5 (1 & =m ! curls by runn+ x crosswise1 mak+ !m z irregul> & c>eless z possible1 !n bl5d !m d[n to a p]fect h>mony1 aft] :i* p\nce ! same ) ! end ( ! bl5d] z s(tly & f9ely z possible1 z ! pores 9 maple are ne>ly indi/9ct4 ,aft] all[+ ?is to dry ?or\ghly1 if a he>t or gr[? is desir$1 run ! same ) a p5cil z be=e m5tion$1 or =m ! gra9s by tak+ ! ov]-gra9]1 t\*+ x 9 ! color 7hav+ comb$ ! gra9] be=e be+ t\*$ 9 ! color72 !n run x d[n ov] ! "w1 hold+ ! h& ne> ! "w2 !n bl5d ^? also c>efully1 &1 especially 9 maple1 avoid any?+ h>% or /iff 9 ! color1 or ! runn+ ( ! gra9s1 z maple1 :5 complet$1 is a v light & transp>5t wood4 ,:]e bird's-eye-maple is desir$ 7aft] ! ?9 di/emp] color has be5 us$71 take ! damp sponge & roll x c>elessly ov] ! surface1 :i* w remove a portion2 !n bl5d s(tly z 9 =m+ ! curls1 aft] :i*1 & be=e x is all[$ to dry1 =m ! bird's-eye ) a potato or f+]s1 z be=e m5tion$1 9 ^? p>ts :]e ! color has n be5 remov$2 !n1 :5 entirely dry1 =m ! gra9s ei!r ) a p5cil or a gra9]1 z set =? 9 directions on curly maple4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to h ! bird's-eyes %ad$ 7z p] illu/ration71 !reby mak+ !m natural & complete4 ,aft] comply+ ) ! =ego+ in/ructions1 ! "w is ready = ! v>ni%1 & 9 mo/ cases w be f\nd satisfactorily f9i%$1 ?\gh x c be mat]ially improv$ by fir/ giv+ x a v ?9 coat ( v>ni%1 !n a v ?9 glaz+ coat ( ! same colors1 ?\gh pr9cipally ( ,si5na1 =m+ curls1 %ades1 etc41 :]e !y may h be5 omitt$1 or w be f\nd to improve ! "w4 ,y w obs]ve 9 our illu/rations t ! gra9s ( maple1 bo? bird's-eye & curly1 are entirely diff]5t f ^? ( any o!r k9d ( wood1 bo? 9 c\rse & =mation4 ,9 all cases ! illu/rations h]e9 giv5 mu/ be foll[$ z closely z possible1 :i*1 if prop]ly compli$ )1 w1 9 all cases1 produce ! desir$ result4 ,if desir$ to be gra9$ 9 oil1 combs %\ld be us$ in/ead ( top1 or ov]-gra9]s4 ,9 connection ) maple1 we w\ld "h say t !re is su* a wood z sat9-wood1 b x is r>ely us$ 9 any mann]4 ,if1 h[ev]1 x %\ld be desirable to gra9 x1 x w be f\nd t ! colors us$ 9 gra9+ maple 7raw ,si5na be+ ! *ief mat]ial7 are ! same z ^? us$ 9 ! gra9+ ( sat9-wood1 & ! process v>ies 9 no ess5tial mann]1 only t ! colors & gra9+ %\ld be m indi/9ct ) sat9-wood1 x be+ an extremely pale & transp>5t wood4 ,c>e mu/ be obs]v$ to pres]ve 9 ! imitation ! purity & "* ( ! orig9al4 ,,a%4 ,a v beautiful & prolific wood1 atta9able s easily ?r\gh\t ! great] "p ( ! c\ntry1 is n[ gr[+ 9 daily favor = ! int]ior ( h\ses & o!r build+s1 its susceptibility ( high f9i% mak+ x desirable z well z h&some1 & probably :5 well gra9$ x pres5ts m attractiv5ess ?an any ( ! o!r woods4 ,gra9]s1 !re=e1 %\ld become skill$ z f> z possible 9 ! imitation ( ?is brilliant & durable wood1 & x seems our duty to call especial att5tion to our illu/rations ( ?is wood :ile endeavor+ to impress ^u ! m9ds ( our read]s its adaptability = ! purposes h]e9 cit$4 ,! gr\nd-"w ( a% is produc$ by us+ a little *rome or ,ro*elle yell[1 toge!r ) ! lea/ possible t9t ( r$1 to :i* add a trifle ( ,v&yke br[n4 ,b little ( ?is mu/ be us$ or ! gr\nd-"w w be too gray4 ,! color :5 mix$ mu/ comp>e ) ! lighte/ %ade f\nd 9 ! wood itself4 ,! gr\nd-"w mu/ be left ) ! egg-%ell gloss1 spok5 ( 9 our =m] *apt]s4 ,a% be+ a v por\s wood1 ! pores1 !re=e1 mu/1 9 no case1 be left out 9 ! gra9+1 o!rwise ! "w w be incomplete1 & = ! purpose ( produc+ ^? take "o-half raw umb]1 "o-f\r? raw si5na1 & "o-eigh? ,v&yke br[n2 gr9d all 9 ale1 etc41 & apply ! same1 us+ x v ?91 & :ipp+ x ?or\ghly1 z in/ruct$ 9 directions p]ta9+ to rosewood1 etc4 ,= ! second coat1 or oil-gra9+1 use ! same colors 9 ab\t ! same quantities1 gr\nd 9 oil1 turp5t9e1 wax1 etc41 z m5tion$ 9 gra9+ o!r woods4 ,! same rules z to gra9+ black walnut--d>k5+ ! c5tre a little1 & hav+ ! gra9s lose !mselves at ! sides or ends--are applicable 9 ! gra9+ ( a%1 & ! same tools %\ld also be us$ 9 ! gra9+ ( ?is wood z are us$ 9 t ( black walnut2 ! h& %\ld run ! same z 9 gra9+ walnut1 & ! gra9s %\ld run ) equal regul>ity4 ,9 %ad+1 ! same colors may be us$1 add+ a little m ,v&yke br[n1 & gra9]s1 p>ticul>ly 9 %ad+1 %\ld /udy to imitate nature itself 9 ea* p>ticul>4 ,( c\rse ! colors %\ld be s mix$ & /ra9$ z to avoid ! possibility ( _! conta9+ h>% or lumpy sub/ances1 s t ! "w w prove to be clean1 smoo?1 & free f any cl\dy or impure appe>ance4 ,x c be f9i%$ 9 v>ni%1 or 9 oil1 ! same z o!r woods h]et(ore nam$4 ,,*e/nut4 ,is l>gely us$1 &1 l a%1 is a p>ticul>ly beautiful wood4 ,becom+ s well & favorably kn[n = ! v>i\s purposes to :i* x c be appli$1 gra9]s %\ld /udy well its beauties1 & 9 _! imitation !re( /rive to hold ! mirror up to nature4 ,! gr\nd-"w ( *e/nut is produc$ ) ! same class ( colors z t ( a% is1 only a little m ,v&yke br[n %\ld be employ$1 to produce a m grayi% t9t ?an is f\nd 9 a%4 ,?\gh *rome is us$ 9 ! gr\nd-"w ( *e/nut1 we deem x inf]ior to ,ro*elle yell[1 inasmu* z ! latt] has a m subdu$ %ade1 9 ne>] con=mity to *e/nut1 ?an t produc$ by *rome1 ! latt] giv+ ! "w a m sprightly hue ?an is obs]vable 9 ! wood itself4 ,*e/nut is v por\s1 or r x %[s a m por\s condition ?an a% itself1 & to produce ?is !re %\ld be us$ a little raw umb]1 raw ,si5na1 burnt umb]1 & ,v&yke br[n1 9 ne>ly equal p>ts1 gr\nd 9 ale1 giv+ ! "w a v ?9 coat1 & :ipp+ co>sely1 s t :5 done ! pores w %[ v pla9ly4 ,= ! second1 or oil-gra9+1 use ! same colors1 9 ! same quantities1 gr\nd 9 oil1 turp5t9e1 wax1 etc41 z be=e in/ruct$4 ,gra9 on mu* ! same pr9ciple z 9 a%1 only co>s]1--! gra9s 9 *e/nut runn+ mu* co>s]1 b yet ) ! same regul>ity z ^? f\nd ei!r 9 a% or black walnut4 ,= %ad+ *e/nut use a little burnt umb] & ,v&yke br[n 7r m ( ! =m]71 to :i* add a small quantity ( raw ,si5na1 gr9d+ !m 9 oil1 turp5t9e1 etc4 ,9 apply+ ?is color h x v ?91 z 9 o!r gra9+s1 & z *e/nut is a pla9 wood1 pres5t+ a great uni=mity ( color 9 itself1 great c>e mu/ be tak5 to avoid any mat]ial *ange 9 ! appe>ance ( ! gra9+ by any heavy %ades4 ,?is rule1 x w be obs]v$1 is 9 ?is reg>d dissimil> f t laid d[n to gov]n ! gra9+ ( a%1 z ! latt] pres5ts 9 nature _m heavy & ecc5tric %ades1 etc41 :ile 9 ! =m] !re is v little div]sity 9 ! %ade4 ,! same process ( wip+ out & d>k5+ ! c5tre is applicable to ?is wood z t set =? to gov]n 9 ! cases ( walnut & a%1 simil> combs & tools be+ us$ 9 ! "w ^u ea* & all2 &1 l ! o!r woods1 *e/nut c be f9i%$ 9 oil or v>ni%1 z h]et(ore not$1 & :5 f9i%$ is sub/antial 9 appe>ance & v beautiful4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #a ,,oak ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #b ,,oak ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #c ,,oak ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #d ,,oak ,,gr[? ,,& ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #e ,,oak ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #f ,,oak ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #g ,,oak ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #h ,,oak ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #i ,,oak ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #aj ,,oak ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #aa ,,oak ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ab ,,:ite ,,oak ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ac ,,oak ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ad ,,:ite ,,oak ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ae ,,oak ,,flak+4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #af ,,oak ,,gr[?1 ,,%[+ ,,knots4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ag ,,oak ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ah ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ai ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #bj ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ba ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #bb ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #bc ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #bd ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #be ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #bf ,,black ,,walnut ,,gr[? ,,& ,,crot*4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #bg ,,fr5* ,,walnut4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #bh ,,fr5* ,,walnut4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #bi ,,rosewood4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #cj ,,rosewood4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ca ,,rosewood4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #cb ,,curl$ ,,maple4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #cc ,,birds ,,eye-,,maple4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #cd ,,curl$ ,,maple4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ce ,,a% ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #cf ,,a% ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #cg ,,a% ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ch ,,a% ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #ci ,,*e/nut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #dj ,,*e/nut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #da ,,*e/nut ,,gr[?4 ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 #db ,,*e/nut ,,gr[?4