,transcrib]'s ,note3      ,inconsi/5t   
hyph5ation & spell+ 9 ! orig9al docum5t 
h    be5 pres]v$4 ,obvi\s typographical 
errors h be5 correct$4      ,italic text
 is d5ot$ by und]scores1 bold text by   
equal m>ks4               ,,le>n ,,"o   
,,?+       ,,e ,,day         ,,janu>y   
#ae #aiai         ,,s]ial ,,no4 #aga    
,,!       ,,m5tor         ,,italy ,,"u  
,,w>       ,,conditions         ,by ,e4 
,m4 ,,newman       ,lectur] & ,travel]  
,,dep>tm5t ,,(       ,,travel           
,,volume #f       ,,numb] #bc           
,,tw5ty ,,c5ts ,a ,,copy          ,,to  
,,italy           ,y _h to *oose 'twixt 
lib]ty & guilt2       ,!re is no        
half-way h\se = human k9d       ,if     
human k9d is /ill to brea! ,god's air4  
,& s y plac$ y\r lips ^u ! hilt       ,(
 ,fre$om's sword1 devot$ s\l ) m9d      
,to ?is great task :i* frees sad ,europe
 f despair4         ,h5ce we :o lov$ &  
love y1 ,italy1444       ,s5d w+$ words 
( greet+4 ,y are free2       ,sun-smitt5
 ! cl\d t hid ! so>+ dome       ,(      

,lib]ty1 y\r ,palace & y\r ,home4       
,we :o are free greet y f sea to sea4   
99       99       99       99       99  
,mazz9i1 ,g>ibaldi1 great ,cav\r        
,wat* n[ & greet y f _! timeless place1 
,:5ce !y behold ! gr[? ( y\r great race 
,:i* s !y knit t long x %\ld endure4    
,spectators ( et]nity1 ^: pure1         
,unt>ni%$ br[s recall _! anci5t grace1  
,behold !m once aga91 & 9 !m trace      
,! s\l ( fre$om1 spl5did1 pati5t1 sure6 
,j4 ,e4 ,g4 ,,de ,,montmor5cy4    ,9 ,! 
,contempor>y ,review4          ,,!      
,,m5tor ,,association    ,,e/abli%$ ,,= 
,,! ,,developm5t ,,( ,a ,,popul>        
,,int]e/ ,,9 ,,art1  ,,lit]ature1       
,,music1 ,,sci5ce1 ,,hi/ory1 ,,nature1  
,,& ,,travel    ,,! ,,m5tor ,,is        
,,publi%$ ,,twice ,a ,,mon?    ,,by ,,! 
,,m5tor ,,association1 ,,inc41 ,,at     
#aad-aaf ,,ea/ #af,,? ,,/reet1 ,,new    
,,york1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,subscription1 ,,f\r   
,,doll>s ,a ,,ye>4 ,,=eign ,,po/age #ge 
,,c5ts ,,extra4 ,,canadian ,,po/age #ej 
,,c5ts ,,extra4 ,,s+le ,,copies ,,tw5ty 

,,c5ts4 ,,presid5t1 ,,?omas ,h4 ,,beck2 
,,vice-,,presid5t1 ,,walt] ,p4 ,,t5     
,,eyck2  ,,secret>y1 ,w4 ,d4 ,,m(fat2   
,,treasur]1 ,j4 ,s4 ,,campbell2         
,,assi/ant ,,treasur]  ,,& ,,assi/ant   
,,secret>y1 ,h4 ,a4 ,,cr[e4             
,,janu>y #ae1 #aiai       ,,volume #f   
,,numb] #bc    ,ent]$ z second-class    
matt]1 ,m>* #aj1 #aiac1 at ! po/(fice at
  ,new ,york1 ,n4 ,y41 "u ! act ( ,m>*  
#c1 #ahgi4 ,copyright1 #aiai1 by  ,!    
,m5tor ,association1 ,inc4              
,illu/ration3 ,a ,,bank ,,9 ,,v5ice     
,,protect$ ,,aga9/ ,,attack             
,,photograph ,,by ,e4 ,m4 ,,newman      
,,italy ,,"u ,,w> ,,conditions          
,,prep>$ ,,specially ,,= ,,! ,,m5tor    
,,by ,e4 ,m4 ,,newman                   
,,illu/ration ,,= ,,! ,,m5tor1 ,,vol4   
#f1 ,no4 #bc1 ,,s]ial ,no4 #aga         
,,copyright1 #aiai1 ,,by ,,! ,,m5tor    
,,association1 ,,inc4          ,!       
,bus9ess ( ,w>    ,,"o      ,none ( !   
,alli$ ,nations has _h m or great]      
problems confront+  x ?an ,italy has4   

,manp[] has n be5 lack+1 b ! want ( raw 
mat]ials = ! mak+ ( munitions has be5 a 
s]i\s h&icap1 &  "o t has be5 mo/       
difficult to ov]come4 ,italy has be5    
absolutely  dep5d5t ^u h] allies = /eel 
& coal4 ,aft] h] decl>ation (  w> aga9/ 
,g]many1 %e 0 left helpless4 ,badly z   
,france & ,engl&  ne$$ ^! raw mat]ials1 
!y _h to come to ! assi/ance (  _! ally4
 ,= a long "t ! quantities receiv$ 7    
insuffici5t1  & a su/a9$ (f5sive aga9/  
,au/ria 0 impossible1 = want (          
ammunition4    ,?is condition 0 greatly 
improv$ :5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ent]$  ! w>1 
& ,italy receiv$ f u va/ quantities (   
/eel1 &  suffici5t coal came f ,engl& to
 supply h] ne$s4    ,x mu/ be borne 9   
m9d t :5 w> 0 decl>$ 7,augu/ #a1 #aiad7 
practically all ! indu/rial & comm]cial 
organizations 9 ,italy  7 controll$ by  
,g]many4 ,! l>ge/ banks & f9ancial h\ses
 7  ,g]man-own$4 ,"o ( ! mo/ prolific   
s\rces ( income1 ! electric  & o!r      
plants op]at$ by wat]-p[]1 7 9 ,g]man   
h&s4    ,g]many _h a firm grip on !     

res\rces ( ! c\ntry4 ,h] ag5ts  c>ri$ on
 a propag&a :i* requir$ ! utmo/ c\rage (
 !  ,italians to ov]come1 & let x be    
said to ! cr$it ( ! ,italian  p1 !y     
risk$ f9ancial ru9 :5 !y decid$ to ent] 
! w>  on ! side ( ! ,allies4    ,! fir/ 
result ( _! entry into ! ,_w ,w> 0 to   
demoralize  _! securities & almo/ to    
de/roy ! value ( _! money4  ,! lira1 a  
co9 :i*1 be=e ! w>1 0 wor? ab\t #ai     
c5ts1  decreas$ 9 buy+ p[] to ab\t #aa  
c5ts4 ,bonds dropp$ al>m+ly4    ,) !    
,unit$ ,/ates z an ally1 loans h be5    
made to ,italy1 h]  cr$it has be5       
re-e/abli%$1 ! lira has gradually       
increas$  9 value1 & ) /eel & coal 9    
suffici5t quantities = all  purposes1   
prosp]ity is return+4    ,x 0 ! %rewd   
,bism>ck :o arrang$ ) ,signor ,crispi1  
twice  ,premi]1 to come to ! assi/ance (
 ,italy4 ,a loan 0 made1 &  ! be/       
,italian securities 7 obta9$ = a song4  
,ev] s9ce1  ! ,g]man grip has tight5$4  
,z a result ( ! w> ,italy w be  re/or$  
to comm]cial fre$om & %e w h a new & mu*

 ne$$  opportunity to exp&4    ,!       
,ansaldo ,company1 a new & gigantic     
corporation1 is n[ "o ( !  l>ge/        
munition plants 9 ! _w4 ,italy has      
trem5d\s res\rces 9  h] wat]-p[] :i* is 
n[ be+ develop$4 ,l h] allies1 %e w  be 
able to manufacture _m ( ! ?+s %e ne$s4 
,h] airplanes are among ! be/ t are     
made4 ,h] eng9es are  wond]s ( me*anical
 p]fection4 ,h] motor c>s are unexcell$4
 ,italy1  prep>$ z %e nev] 01 is ready =
 ! future4            ,illu/ration3 ,a  
,,m>ket ,,squ>e ,,9 ,,rome              
,,photograph ,,by ,e4 ,m4 ,,newman      
,! ,food ,problem & ,h[ ,x ,is ,met     
,,two      ,h[ to keep ! soldi]s suppli$
 ) suffici5t n\ri%+ food  0 "o ( ! fir/ 
& mo/ s]i\s matt]s ! ,italian ,gov]nm5t 
_h to consid]4 ,z ev]yone kn[s1 !       
pr9cipal articles ( food  consumption   
among ,italians ( e /ation1 ri* or poor1
 are mac>oni  & spaghetti4 ,! /aff (    
life ( ! ,italian p1 !y are made  almo/ 
entirely ( fl\r4    ,italy nev] has gr[n
 en\gh :eat to supply h] ne$s4 ,"u w>   

conditions h] imports fell to su* an    
ext5t t little or no :eat  c\ld be      
obta9$4 ,h5ce ! c\ntry fac$ a critical  
situation4    ,! fir/ /ep 0 cons]vation4
 ,x 0 rul$ t mac>oni &  spaghetti c\ld  
be s]v$ only on c]ta9 days4             
,manufactur]s 7  re/rict$ 9 ! am\nt !y  
c\ld make4 ,!n fl\rs ( mix$ c]eals  7   
us$4    ,italians are great lov]s (     
bread4 ,to meet a %ortage1 e available  
acre ( gr\nd :]e :eat w\ld gr[ 0        
cultivat$4 ,if ! m5 on  ! f>m _h gone to
 w>1 ! wom5 took _! places4 ,! ,gov]nm5t
  enc\rag$ & aid$ ! f>m]s 9 e possible  
way1 & !n  :5 aid came f ! ,unit$       
,/ates1 9 addition to sacrifices &      
re/rictions 9 ,italy1 ! situation       
improv$4    ,fruit & vegetables are     
pl5tiful &1 = ^! times1 reasonably      
*eap4 ,italians are n great meat-eat]s2 
!y h suffici5t meat  = _! ne$s1 & by    
adh]+ rigidly to ! regulations !y h  be5
 able to keep ! army fully suppli$4     
,! ,adriatic & ! ,m$it]ranean ab\nd )   
fi% ( almo/ e  v>iety4 ,fi%]m5 are !re=e

 able to meet ! c\ntry's ne$s4 ,next  to
 mac>oni & spaghetti ! ,italians l fi%1 
& z x is f>  *eap] ?an meat1 = ! poor]  
classes x =ms a food :i* !y  c af=d to  
buy4    ,olive oil1 =m]ly us$ 9 great   
quantities1 _m ( ! p ev5  dr9k+ x1 is n[
 on ! re/rict$ li/1 & c be obta9$ only 9
  limit$ quantities4    ,bread1 z 9     
,am]ica1 is mix$ ) o!r c]eals1 & =      
civilians  practically no :ite bread c  
be obta9$4 ,9 ! army1 !re are no        
re/rictions--! be/ ( food is giv5 to !  
soldi]s4 ,!y obta9  meat1 butt]1 milk1  
sug> & o!r edibles d5i$ :olly or 9 "p to
  civilians4    ,z 9 ,france1 w9e is a  
"p ( ! regul> rations4 ,v>i\s welf>e    
organizations see t ! p d n suff] = want
 ( food4  ,irrigation & int5sive f>m+1 9
 :i* repres5tatives ( all  classes are  
n[ help+1 is aid+ 9 ! solution ( ! food 
problem4            ,illu/ration3 ,,an  
,,italian ,,k9d]g>t5 ,,%att]$ ,,by ,,an 
,,air ,,bomb       ,,we/]n ,,newspap]   
,,union ,,photo ,,s]vice                
,educational ,conditions    ,,?ree      

,w> did n s]i\sly int]f]e ) ! gramm> &  
high s*ools  ?r\gh\t ,italy4 ,x is 9 !  
high] s*ools1 su* z !  univ]sities1 !   
m$ical colleges & 9 ! te*nical s*ools t 
a *ang$ condition is se54 ,wom5 came to 
! aid ( ! c\ntry 9  ! crisis :i* call$ s
 _m m5 to ! colors4 ,_m ( ! tea*]s  9 ! 
elem5t>y s*ools are wom5 & girls1 :o are
 ably tak+ !  places ( ! m5 ^: positions
 7 made vacant4    ,= ! s*ools :]e high]
 education is taught1 x is q a  diff]5t 
& m complex problem4 ,to tea* 9 a       
univ]sity or 9 a  m$ical college c]ta9  
qualifications are absolutely ess5tial4 
,ye>s  ( /udy & prep>ation are ne$$1 & =
 ?is "w b a limit$  numb] ( wom5 7      
available4    ,on ! o!r h&1 !           
necessities ( w> call$ to action ?\s&s  
( "y m5 :o o!rwise w\ld h att5d$ ! v>i\s
 s*ools =  high] education4 ,z a result 
! numb] ( /ud5ts 9 practically all  ( ^!
 s*ools has fall5 (f mat]ially1 & !re   
has n be5 !  ne$ = s _m pr(essors4    ,!
 ,gov]nm5t is anxi\s n to disc\rage     
high] education2 9  fact1 x is do+ all x

 c to ma9ta9 x1 z 0 evid5t 9 !          
e/abli%m5t ( ! ,camp ,univ]sities4 ,x 0 
inevitable t !  att5dance at ! high]    
s*ools c\ld n be ma9ta9$ z 9 peace  "t1 
& ! r$uction 9 ! numb] ( pupils         
=tunately made  possible a correspond+  
dim9ution ( tea*]s4    ,by a sy/em :i*  
p]mitt$ ! return ( pr(essors 9 s]vice at
  ! front1 al?\gh only = a limit$ p]iod1
 ! effici5cy (  ! v>i\s univ]sities &   
colleges 0 cont9u$ ?r\gh ! w>4  ,/ud5ts 
co-op]at$ ) ! ,gov]nm5t1 "s ev5 giv+ up 
_!  furl\ghs to att5d s*ool4            
,education = ! y\? ( ! l& is /ill       
compulsory4 ,! /&>d  ( wages among      
tea*]s rema9s v l[1 & out ( proportion  
to !  increas$ co/ ( liv+1 b ! recipi5ts
 seem will+ to sacrifice  com=t = !     
g5]al good4    ,old m51 :o 9 _! y\?     
taught s*ool1 volunte]$ to return to a  
labor ( love4 ,x 0 ?is _s :i* made      
possible ! ma9t5ance  ( education4      
,italy is a poor c\ntry1 b h] sons &    
daught]s  are eag] to le>n1 &1 poor z !y
 are1 !y are will+ to make  sacrifices r

 ?an give up att5d+ s*ool4    ,_m ( !   
art /ud5ts are gone1 & "s ( ! s*ools are
 clos$4  ,beppo ! model is no long] to  
be f\nd on ! /eps ( ! ,piazza  ,espagne1
 b ! love ( art has suffic$ to keep "s (
 ! art  s*ools go+1 no matt] h[ rigor\s 
! conditions4    ,music is 9 ! s\l ( !  
,italian1 & ! cons]vatories w  cont9ue 9
 session z long z !re is a pupil left4  
,on ! :ole1  educational conditions are 
z good z pres5t-day circum/ances w      
p]mit4            ,illu/ration3 ,,tak+  
,,d[n ,,! ,,horses ,,( ,,/4 ,,m>k',s1   
,,v5ice       ,,italian ,,(ficial       
,,photograph          ,protection ( ,art
 ,"w    ,,f\r      ,:5 ,italy ent]$ !   
w>1 a commission 0 imm$iately appo9t$ by
  ! ,gov]nm5t to consid] measures = !   
protection ( ! c\ntry's  art treasuries4
 ,"u ! direction ( ! curators ( gall]ies
 &  museums1 a civil eng9e] or ar*itect 
0 plac$ 9 *>ge ( ea*  pr9cipal build+ 9 
all ! art c5t]s ( nor!rn ,italy4 ,!     
p]sons s appo9t$ set ab\t devis+        
individual means adapt$ to !  %ield+ (  

walls1 t[]s1 /atues & pictures f attack 
by air &  wat]1 f %ell & fire4 ,9 ,v5ice
 ! *ief works & /ructures  select$ =    
protection 7 ! ,doges' 7,dukes'7        
,palace1 ) its ri*  arcades1 sculptur$  
faade & spl5did halls1 ! sup]b ,*ur* (  
,/4 ,m>k1 ! m$ieval ,loggetta1 or       
ve/ibule1 on ! ea/ side ( !  ,campanile1
 ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,john & ,/4 ,paul1 ! ,san
 ,rocco ,s*ool1  ! noble eque/rian /atue
 kn[n z ! ,colleoni ,monum5t1 & !       
,academy ( ,f9e ,arts1 ) its canvases by
 ,bell9i1 ,c>paccio1 ,palma  ,vec*io1   
,t9toretto & ,titian4    ,at ,padua1    
,donatello's eque/rian monum5t (        
,gattamelata1 erect$  9 #adec1 & !      
sepul*ral *ur* ( ,/4 ,an?ony ( ,padua   
receiv$  special c>e2 likewise ! ,gate (
 ! ,scalig]i1 ,v]ona2 ! e>ly            
,r5aissance ,colleoni ,*apel & "s       
preci\s frescoes at ,b]gamo2  ,leon>do  
da ,v9ci's immortal canvas1 ,! ,la/     
,supp]1 9 !  refectory ( ! abbey-*ur* ( 
,santa ,m>ia della ,grazie at ,milan2  !
 ,f\nta9 ( ,neptune & ! ,*ur* ( ,san    

,petronio at ,bologna2 !  e>ly ,*ri/ian 
edifice ( ,san ,vitale1 ! ,mausoleum (  
,galla ,placidia  7a que5 ( ! fif?      
c5tury7 & ! ,tomb ( ,dante1 9 ! des]t$  
old city ( ,rav5na2 & at ,cremona1 9 !  
,*ur* ( ,sant' ,ago/9o1  ! fam\sly      
beautiful alt>-piece ( ! ,madonna & ,two
 ,sa9ts1 by  ,p]ug9o4 ,! mo/ r5[n$ works
 ( art 9 ,rome1 includ+ ! /atue  (      
,caes> 9 ! ,capitol9e ,museum1 7 padd$ &
 bo>d$ up1 &  f ,fir5ze & ,naples r>e   
examples ( ,italian craftsman%ip1 gu>d$ 
?r\gh ! c5turies--manuscripts1 /atu>y1  
pa9t+s1 tape/ries1  metalw>e1 mosaics1  
glass--7 c>ri$ away to safety1 "s ( !m  
to  ! vaults ( ! ,uffizi ,gall]y 9      
,flor5ce4    ,titian's ma/]piece1 !     
,assumption ( ! ,virg91 0 labori\sly    
remov$ f ! ,academy ( ,f9e ,arts at     
,v5ice & transport$ by  boat & wagon to 
a place ( security aga9/ attack by !    
,v&als4  ,t9toretto's ,p>adise1 ! l>ge/ 
oil pa9t+ 9 ! _w 7#gb  feet by #bc feet7
 0 unfram$ & remov$ f ! wall ( ! ,hall  
( ! ,great ,c\ncil 9 ! ,palace ( !      

,doges4 ,ceil+ pa9t+s  7 tak5 d[n1 roll$
 ar\nd great /icks ?irty in*es 9        
diamet]1  h]metically seal$ 9 copp]     
cyl9d]s1 & /or$ 9 crypts to re/  until !
 joy\s day ( _! unroll+4 ,altoge!r1 sev5
 ?\s&  squ>e y>ds ( canvas 7 ?us        
protect$ f attack & pillage4  ,/atues 7 
wrapp$ 9 mattresses & cov]$ by brick    
floor+2  ! belov$ horses above ! doorway
 ( ,/4 ,m>k's 7 l[]$ &  tak5 away4      
,domes 7 ro($ at an angle ( sixty       
degrees1 s t  a]ial bombs w\ld glance   
h>mlessly (f4 ,9 ! def5ce ( ,v5etian    
art treasures alone1 sixty m5 work$ =   
?ree mon?s to wall 9  ev]y?+ delicate & 
beautiful4    ,ev5 ,rheims & ,l\va9 c\ld
 n (f] su* tempt+ morsels to !  v&al    
wreck] z ,v5ice & ,rome1 writes ,h]b]t  
,vivian 9 ,italy at  ,w>4 ,v5ice1       
mi/ress ( m$ieval art z well z que5 ( ! 
sea1  gird$ h] armor on1--l ! army1     
donn$ a ve/ure ( gray-gre54  ,j z 9     
,holy ,week ! m signal emblems veil     
!mselves 9  respectful m\rn+ = !        
,passion1 s1 9 w> "t1 ! monum5ts  (     

,v5ice hide 9 _! hoods1 z ?\gh to       
proclaim sympa?y )  ! nation's anxiety4 
,at ,/4 ,m>k's 444 ! v5]at$ mosaics on !
  lunettes are blott$ out by mod]n      
masonry1 ! gold5 cupolas are  %apeless  
bags1 ! pill>s & ar*es h become a brick 
=tress  t goes on to engulf all t fairy 
portico ( ! ,doges' ,palace  h>d by4    
,:]e are ! f\r fam\s horses ( gold5     
bronze1 br\ght  f ,con/ant9ople to defy 
! _w ?r\gh sev5 c5turies f !  portals ( 
,/4 ,m>ks8 ,x 0 a sad sc5e :5 on ,may   
#bg1 #aiae1 a sil5t  cr[d wat*$ _!      
desc5t = conveyance to a saf] /able4 ,9 
!  int]ior ( ! holy h\se heaps & heaps (
 heavy s&bags huddle  aga9/ ! porphyries
 & mala*ites & alaba/]s1 ?rottle !  c>v$
 columns1 scale walls1 bury pulpit1     
*oir1 alt>s & bapti/]y4  ,su* are !     
bulw>ks :i* ,italian =esight provid$    
aga9/ probable  =ays ( ! ,hun4          
,illu/ration3 ,,*ur* ,,( ,,/ ,,m>k',s1  
,,v5ice4 ,,bo>d$ ,,up ,,=  ,,protection 
,,photograph ,,by ,,c5tral ,,news       
,,photo ,,s]vice          ,v5ice 9 ,w>  

,"t    ,,five      ,9 "t ( peace all !  
_w flock$ to ,v5ice4 ,9 w> "t _m  *anges
 7 necess>y4 ,_m ( ! p :o make up !     
inhabitants  ( ! e>? 7 b>r$ f ! city1 n 
only by regulations1 b by  cannon &     
walls ( /eel4 ,x requir$ influ5ce ev5 = 
an ,italian to  get into ,v5ice4 ,= an  
,am]ican to ent] ! city1 x 0 necess>y   
to get special p]mission f ! ,m9i/] (   
,m>9e1 & he _h to  pres5t ! be/ (       
reasons be=e t p]mission 0 grant$4      
,sev]al times ! city 0 m5ac$ by !       
,au/rians & once x 0  ne> capture4 ,"t &
 aga91 fleets ( airplanes dropp$ bombs1 
de/roy+ *ur*es1 hospitals & o!r prop]ty1
 z well z kill+  non-combatants4    ,!  
/ra9 0 m ?an _m ( ! inhabitants c\ld be>
 & !y  s\ght safety 9 flight4 ,! result 
0 almo/ to dra9 ! city ( its  normal    
population1 :i* 0 evid5t 9 its almo/    
des]t$ canals &  /reets4    ,! s(t1     
musical voices ( ! gondoli]s 7          
occasionally he>d4  ,a few gondolas 7   
left1 b v few1 & !re 0 no long] any     
s++4 ,! beautiful hotels1 :]e s _m ( u  

_h liv$ 9 com=t  & luxury1 7 ei!r clos$ 
or conv]t$ into hospitals4    ,mo/ ( !  
%ops ar\nd ,/4 ,m>k's ,squ>e clos$4 ,!  
fam\s glass &  lace factories %ut _!    
doors4 ,picture po/c>ds & photographs 7 
taboo4 ,! ,gov]nm5t did n p]mit !m to be
 mail$4    ,no damage has be5 done to ! 
,basilica ( ,/4 ,m>k4 ,a bomb dropp$  9 
front ( x1 b did n hit x4 ,dur+ ! w> ?is
 fam\s temple  01 h[ev]1 b a %ad[ ( its 
=m] glory4 ,x no long] gli/5$  )        
,byzant9e mosaic4 ,its gold5 cov]+ 0    
remov$ or cov]$  ) s&bags4 ,beside !    
,doges' ,palace 0 a ?+ ( brick supports1
  de/roy+ its beauty4 ,! ugl9ess ( bo>d+
 & s&bags sadd5$  ! visitor :o recall$ !
 ,v5ice ( =m] days4    ,motor & pass5g] 
boats ply+ along ! ,gr& ,canal 7        
discont9u$2 !re 7 no pass5g]s4 ,a few   
f]ries rema9$ =  ^? :o /ill liv$ 9 !    
city4    ,v5ice has n be5 s]i\sly m>r$4 
,mu* damage has be5 done to  *ur*es &   
hospitals1 b mo/ ( ?is c be repair$4    
,only a  c>eful se>* ( ! city w\ld      
reveal ! damage done by bomb>dm5t4      

,)9 a few *ur*es & build+s art objects h
 be5 de/roy$  t c nev] be replac$4 ,x   
%\ld com=t ! lov]s ( ,v5ice  to "k t !  
city gives no outw>d evid5ce (          
de/ruction4 ,!  inhabitants w soon      
return1 ! hotels w reop51 ,/4 ,m>k's &  
! ,doges' ,palace w be re/or$ to _! =m] 
appe>ance1 &  ,v5ice w once aga9 reign 9
 spl5dor z ! ,que5 ( ! ,adriatic4       
,illu/ration3 ,,piazza ,,del ,,popolo   
7,,p',s ,,squ>e71 ,,rome                
,,photograph ,,by ,e4 ,m4 ,,newman      
,rome 9 ,w> ,"t    ,,six      ,rome /ill
 sits pr\dly on h] sev5 hills1          
undismay$1 undi/urb$ by  ! ravages ( w>4
 ,!re is little real diff]5ce to be se5 
9 !  ,italian capital z x is & z x 0    
be=e ! w>4 ,9 ! ev5+  h\rs1 :5 all ,rome
 goes = a prom5ade or a drive1 ! ,corso 
is z  cr[d$ z ev]4 ,"o sees m uni=ms1 b 
o!rwise ! sc5e is  simil> to t ( peace  
times4    ,romans /ill love to d9e on ! 
sidewalks1 p>take ( _! ices1 &  sip _!  
w9e & c(fee at little tables plac$ :]e  
p$e/rians are  suppos$ to pass4 ,!y     

att5d ! !at]1 ! op]a & ! v>i\s  o!r     
places ( amusem5t ( :i* !y are s fond4  
,! ma9 diff]5ce 9 ! city's aspect is 9 !
 dress ( ! p4  ,(fic]s are se5 only 9   
field uni=m1 privates 9 ! gray (  !     
battle-field4 ,wom5 no long] attempt    
display1 only ! simple/  effects are    
se54 ,all o/5tation 9 ! we>+ ( g[ns &   
jewelry  is fr[n$ ^u4    ,none has      
suff]$ m ?an ! nobility4 ,mo/ ( !m be+ (
  mod]ate means1 ! w> br\ght _m         
sacrifices1 endang]+ sl5d]  purses &    
curtail+ mo/ ne$$ com=ts4 ,a numb] h _h 
to sell  _! priz$ art treasures to keep 
f actual want4    ,! beautiful ,palace  
on ! ,quir9al is n[ a hospital4 ,_m (   
its  nurses are ! noble wom5 ( ,italy4  
,! city is fill$ ) welf>e               
organizations4    ,buri$ 9 ! he>t (     
,rome1 its ru9s tell+ u ! /ory ( !  bir?
 ( civilization1 lies ! ,=um1 un*ang$1  
unaffect$ by !  _w /ruggle4 ,x speaks ( 
days t 71 ( o!r w>s1 ( ,caes>1  :o1 l ! 
,kais]1 0 ambiti\s1 ( ,m>c ,antony :o   
sacrific$  ev]y?+ = love ( a woman1 (   

,cic]o1 & o!rs ^: de$s &  words h made  
hi/ory4    ,above ! ru9s ( ! ,=um is !  
,palat9e4 ,"h once liv$ !  ,caes>s4 ,_! 
palaces once cov]$ ! hill f :i* !y look$
  d[n ^u ,rome4 ,! ,gold5 ,palace ( ,n]o
 has be5 oblit]at$ by "t1  j z ! *ateaus
 & beautiful /ructures ( nor!rn ,france 
h  be5 level$ by ! invad+ ,g]mans4      
,=tunate is ! _w t ! treasures ( ,rome  
are intact4 ,/4  ,pet]'s & all !        
wond]ful *ur*es /ill /& unh>m$4 ,!      
,vatican ) its /oreh\se ( treasures     
rema9s z x 04 ,art  gall]ies conta9+    
_w's ma/]pieces are pres]v$ = po/]ity4  
,rome is /ill ! ,rome famili> to        
travel]s4 ,its hotels are fill$1  n )   
t\ri/s1 b ) (fic]s & _! families4 ,its  
/reets  are /ill ?robb+ ) life1 x rema9s
 "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+  cities on ?is sp9n+
 globe4          ,,! ,,m5tor  ,,dep>tm5t
 ,,( ,,travel ,,s]ial ,,numb] #aga      
,ent]$ z second-class matt] ,m>* #aj1   
#aiac1 at ! po/(fice at ,new  ,york1 ,n4
 ,y41 "u ! act ( ,m>* #c1 #ahgi4        
,copyright1 #aiai1 by !  ,m5tor         

,association1 ,inc4                     
,illu/ration3 ,a ,,baby ,,ne/--,a       
retreat = *ildr5 ( ,italian     soldi]s 
9 s]vice       ,by c\rtesy ( ! ,italian 
,embassy1 ,wa%+ton          ,,italy ,,"u
 ,,w> ,,conditions    ,by ,e4 ,m4       
,,newman1 ,travel] & ,lectur]    ,,m5tor
 ,,gravures--,a ,,bank ,,9 ,,v5ice1     
,,protect$ ,,aga9/ ,,attack  ,a  ,,m>ket
 ,,squ>e ,,9 ,,rome  ,,an ,,italian     
,,k9d]g>t5 ,,%att]$ ,,by ,a ,,bomb      
,,tak+ ,,d[n ,,! ,,horses ,,( ,,/4      
,,m>k',s  ,,*ur* ,,( ,,/4 ,,m>k',s      
,,bo>d$ ,,up  ,,= ,,protection  ,,piazza
 ,,del ,,popolo1 ,,rome      ,italy has 
play$ a f> m important "p 9 ! ,_w ,w>   
?an is  app>5t to "o :o has n giv5 !    
subject special consid]ation4  ,!       
neutral nations h direct$ mo/ ( _!      
?\ghts to ,engl& &  ,france4 ,to d      
,italy full ju/ice1 ! fact mu/ be       
emphasiz$ t %e  came into ! w> at a "t  
:5 ! ,allies 7 9 great ne$ ( h]4  ,!    
outlook = ,engl& & ,france 0 mo/ s]i\s  
:5 ! ,italian  p1 r\s$ by love ( lib]ty 

& democracy1 dem&$ t _!  ,gov]nm5t ca/  
its lot ) ! ,allies & decl>e w>4    ,z a
 result1 ,au/ria 0 compell$ to mobilize 
& mass h] =ces  on ! ,italian fronti]1 &
 %e 0 no long] able to give aid &       
support to ! ,g]mans on ! we/]n front4  
,! entire c\rse ( !  w> 0 !n mat]ially  
*ang$4      ,illu/ration3 ,,peace ,,9   
,,! ,,mid/ ,,( ,,w>       ,?is picture (
 ,italian *ildr5 play+ ) dolls 0 tak5 9 
,italy's d>ke/ h\r be=e ! turn ( !      
=tunes ( w>       ,photograph by ,e4 ,m4
 ,newman    ,au/ria's army & navy 7     
!reaft] kept busy try+ to hold !        
,italians 9 *eck4 ,:at happ5$ 9 ! fall (
 #aiag w always be  m or less ( a my/]y4
 ,aft] two ye>s ( ! h>de/ k9d (  fight+1
 dur+ :i* "t ! ,au/rians 7 be+ gradually
 pu%$  back until ,vi5na itself 0       
?reat5$1 !re came a retreat1 "o (  ! mo/
 disa/r\s 9 ! annals ( w>4 ,! ,italians 
lo/ 9 two  weeks all t !y _h ga9$ 9 two 
ye>s4 ,worse /ill1 ,italy 0  invad$ & a 
consid]able area occupi$ by ! ,au/rian  
army4    ,con/]nation ensu$1 ! ,italian 

p 7 daz$4 ,some?+ _h gone  wrong2 no "o 
c\ld und]/& x4 ,b "o ?+ e ,italian knew1
  & t 0 t no brav] soldi]s 7 to be f\nd 
9 any c\ntry1  & t :5 ,italy _h "t to   
recov] f h] surprise ,au/ria w\ld  pay !
 price4      ,h[ ! ,italian ,army ,came 
,back      ,illu/ration3 ,,book/alls ,,9
 ,,rome       ,w> did n drive !         
booklov]s f _! favorite haunts          
,photograph by ,e4 ,m4 ,newman    ,!    
retreat ( ! ,italian army 0 foll[$ by a 
wave ( patriotism  t swept f "o end (   
,italy to ! o!r4 ,if !re 7 "s  t 7      
lukew>m be=e1 !y 7 r\s$ to ! highe/ pit*
 (  en?usiasm = ! prosecution ( ! w>4   
,italy _h be5 invad$1 &  t 0 suffici5t  
to /ir ! blood ( e ,italian4    ,:51 9 !
 spr+ ( #aiah1 ,au/ria laun*$ h] great  
(f5sive1  %e fac$ an army :olly *ang$4  
,indiff]5ce _h vani%$1 e man  ?ir/$ =   
rev5ge4 ,no ,italian w\ld brea! freely  
until ! /a9  ( ! retreat 0 wip$ out4 ,n 
an ,au/rian mu/ rema9 on ,italian  soil4
 ,! ,au/rians 7 bewild]$ :51 in/ead (   
enc\nt]+ a  demoraliz$ & beat5 army1 !y 

f\nd !mselves face to face ) a  new &   
rejuv5at$ =ce4    ,in/ead ( advanc+1 !  
,au/rians 7 swept (f _! feet4 ,in/ead  (
 a crumbl+ l9e1 !y met a wall ( /eel    
aga9/ :i* _!  onslaughts 7 ( no avail4  
,on came ! infuriat$ ,italians1 cru%+  !
 ,au/rian (f5sive & =c+ !m to beat a    
ha/y retreat4  ,au/ria w nev] =get !    
puni%m5t %e receiv$ on ! ,piave         
7pee-ah-vuh71 along ! ,asiago plateau1 &
 9 ! vic9ity ( ,monta  ,grappa4         
,illu/ration3 ,,among ,,! ,,columns ,,( 
,,/4 ,,pet]',s1 ,,rome       ,photograph
 by ,e4 ,m4 ,newman    ,fields 7 /rewn )
 ,au/rian dead4 ,s precipitate _h be5 _!
  flight t !y _h to ab&on guns1         
ammunition1 supplies1 9 fact  ev]y?+ !y 
possess$4 ,:51 a few days lat]1 ,i      
cross$ ! delta  ( ! ,piave1 ,i saw ?\s&s
 ( ,au/rian helmets1 ov]coats1 &        
supplies ( e description cov]+ ! gr\nd t
 ext5d$ =  _m miles to ! ,little ,piave1
 across :i* ! ,au/rian army _h be5      
driv54    ,x _h be5 impossible 9 _!     
retreat to bury _! dead4 ,heaps (       

bodies /ill lay :]e !y fell4 ,e dit* 0  
fill$ ) sla9  ,au/rians1 ! roadways 7   
l9$ ) !m4 ,x 0 a gruesome sight1  b x   
told ! /ory ( a *ang$ ,italy1 ( a new   
army t meant to  retrieve ! honor ( !   
c\ntry1 & br+ to ! ,italian arms !      
glory to :i* !y 7 entitl$4    ,italy    
ne$$ coal1 %e want$ /eel = ammunition1 &
 ^!  defici5cies ?reat5$ h] ef=t4 ,h]   
allies came to h] assi/ance1  & equipp$ 
& repl5i%$ h] = ! prosecution ( ! w> to 
a  successful conclusion4               
,illu/ration3 ,a ,,humble ,,f\r-,,foot$ 
,,citiz5 ,,( ,,rome       ,8 voice 0    
nev] = w>       ,photograph by ,e4 ,m4  
,newman    ,9 relief "w ! ,italians are 
p>ticul>ly effici5t4 ,! c5tral          
organization ( ! ,italian ,r$ ,cross has
 naturally assum$ !  responsibility &   
direction ( all relief "w1 bo? = soldi]s
 &  civilians4 ,num]\s o!r organizations
 h sprung into exi/5ce2  *ief among !m  
is ,le ,sam>itane1 :i* is "u ! presid5cy
 (  ,h] ,maje/y1 ,que5 ,hel5a ( ,italy4 
,9 ?is organization are ?\s&s  ( wom5 :o

 are memb]s ( ! be/ ,italian society1 & 
!y h  r5d]$ effective & g5]\s assi/ance 
9 _m ways1 reliev+  di/ress :]ev] !y f9d
 x4    ,a hospital = w\nd$ soldi]s has  
be5 e/abli%$ at ! ,royal  ,palace ( !   
,quir9al1 :i* is "u ! direct sup]vision 
( !  ,que54 ,! ,du*ess ( ,ao/a1 wife ( !
 ,k+'s c\s91 is ,g5]al  ,inspector ( !  
,r$ ,cross nurses1 & bo? ( ^! noble     
ladies  give actual1 effective1 &       
intellig5t s]vice to ! v>i\s relief     
organizations to :i* _! names are       
atta*$4      ,illu/ration3 ,,am]ican    
,,r$ ,,cross ,,headqu>t]s1 ,,padua      
,photograph by ,e4 ,m4 ,newman          
,italian wom5 h prov$ !mselves wor?y    
mates & daught]s (  ! h]oic sons &      
soldi]s ( ,italy4 ,to !m is due !       
initiative  9 ! =m+ ( sev]al patriotic  
organizations1 su* z ! ,:ite  ,cross1 = 
! protection ( little *ildr51 ,! ,s[]s (
 ,c\rage1  & ,! ,smile to ! ,/rong1 =m$ 
= help+ & enc\rag+ !  fight+ sons (     
,italy4 ,soldi]s' huts h be5 erect$ &   
put 9  *>ge ( ! memb]s ( an association 

kn[n z ,soldi]s' ,mammas4  ,! memb]s are
 wom5 t h sons at ! front1 & may !re=e  
be  expect$ to give affectionate &      
mat]nal c>e to ! "y soldi]s4  ,!re are  
o!r organizations1 su* z ,! ,mo!rs (    
,fall5 ,soldi]s  & ,! ,wid[s ( ! ,w>1 ^:
 object is mutual help among !  wom5 t h
 suff]$ ! loss ( son or husb&4    ,m5   
:o1 because ( advanc$ age1 h be5        
compell$ to rema9 at  home1 h n fail$ to
 take up ! burd5 ( assi/ance & relief4  
,local committees h ev]y:]e be5 =m$ "u !
 "n (  ,assi/5za ,civile4 ,!re is also !
 ,segrat>iato del ,popolo1  besides _m  
o!rs4 ,all ^! societies are b&$ toge!r  
to  assi/ ! families ( soldi]s1 to c>e =
 ! mutilat$1 & to aid  :]ev] help is    
ne$$4    ,! ,italian ,gov]nm5t has      
enact$ special laws = ! b5efit (  ^?    
/rick5 by ! w>4 ,= in/ance1 ! ,gov]nm5t 
furni%es %oes  bel[ co/ to ,gov]nm5t    
employees e>n+ less ?an f\r ?\s&  lire  
p] ye> 7ab\t #hjj74      ,illu/ration3  
,,tramway ,,9 ,,rome       ,%[+ wom5 z  
conductor1 motori/1 & despat*]          

,press ,illu/rat+ ,s]vice1 ,inc4        
,education    ,s*ool life cont9ues      
practically z 9 normal times1 ) !       
exception t1 9 ! elem5t>y s*ools & 9 !  
grades ( !  gramm> & high s*ools1 !re is
 a l>g] proportion ( wom5  tea*]s4 ,_m  
in/ructors :o _h be5 retir$ h ask$ to   
re-ent]  s]vice1 ?us reliev+ ! "y m5    
call$ to ! colors4    ,9 ! univ]sities a
 few di/+ui%$ pr(essors ( milit>y age h 
be5 p]mitt$ to reta9 _! *airs1 b a      
consid]able numb] h  gone to ! front4   
,naturally ! numb] ( /ud5ts has be5     
greatly  r$uc$4      ,illu/ration3 ,,!  
,,small ,,canals ,,( ,,v5ice ,,7 ,,almo/
 ,,des]t$       ,photograph by ,e4 ,m4  
,newman    ,special disp5sations h be5  
made = ! s*ools ( m$ic9e1 s  t ! s]vices
 ( ! m advanc$ /ud5ts may be utiliz$    
:ile  at ! same "t !y are enabl$ to     
cont9ue _! /udies4 ,?is has  be5 made   
possible by ! e/abli%m5t ( ! s-call$    
,univ]sita  ,ca/r5se1 or ,camp          
,univ]sity1 situat$ 9 ! w> zone1 :]e    
di/+ui%$ physicians :o are also         

univ]sity pr(essors tea* !  "y /ud5ts1  
:ile tea*]s & pupils alt]nate ! h\rs (  
class  ) ^? ( s]vice 9 ! camp hospitals4
 ,! *ange caus$ by  ! w> 9 ! condition (
 wom5 has probably be5 m pr(\nd &  m    
ke5ly felt 9 ,italy ?an 9 o!r c\ntries1 
su* z ,engl& &  ,france1 :]e wom5 h = _m
 ye>s be5 engag$ 9 v>i\s useful         
pursuits4 ,9 ,italy ! wom5 ( ! middle   
class1 ) r>e exceptions1  rema9$ at     
home4 ,^? ( ! l[] class1 :5 !y work$ at 
all1  g5]ally *ose "s occupation su* z  
tea*+4 ,mo/ wom5 _h no  economic        
indep5d5ce4 ,unm>ri$ girls usually liv$ 
) _! p>5ts  or "s m>ri$ bro!r or si/]4  
,illu/ration3 ,,/4 ,,m>k',s ,,place1    
,,v5ice       ,?\gh ! beautiful build+s 
7 protect$1 cr[ds ga!r$ daily     &     
regul> occupations 7 pursu$             
,photograph by ,e4 ,m4 ,newman    ,an   
ard5t gr\p ( ,italian wom5 prep>$ !     
gr\nd & labor$ =  ye>s to conv9ce _!    
si/]s t !y 7 wrong 9 ! belief t  "u all 
conditions a woman's place is 9 h] home4
 ,?is belief 0  almo/ a religion 9 !    

s\!rn prov9ces ( ,italy2 ! prejudice    
!re 0 s /rong t x requir$ ! utmo/ c\rage
 ( ! wom5 to  combat x4 ,intellig5t1    
progressive & cultur$ ,italian girls are
 n[  to be f\nd 9 almo/ e occupation 9  
:i* _! ,engli%1 ,fr5*  & ,am]ican si/]s 
are engag$4 ,?is revolution 9 ! attitude
 (  ,italian wom5 is accept$1 n z a     
tempor>y w> necessity1 b z  a p]man5t   
*ange t _c fail to h a deep &1 on !     
:ole1  b5efic5t effect ^u social        
conditions 9 ,italy4      ,food         
,regulations    ,conditions 9 civil life
 are comp>atively good4 ,( c\rse1 !re   
are  _m re/rictions1 above all 9 food   
cons]vation & supply4 ,prices  h        
increas$1 b s h sal>ies4 ,!re are no    
unemploy$1 & !  work+ classes g5]ally   
are prosp]\s4    ,w> conditions requir$ 
?ree meatless days p] week1 z 9 ! o!r   
c\ntries ( ! ,allies4 ,c>ds 7 giv5 =    
bread1 sug>1 coal1 olive  oil1 mac>oni &
 rice4 ,t ! quantity all[$ to ea*       
individual  0 suffici5t 0 prov$ by !    
fact t ! au?orities (t5  receiv$ (f]s to

 dim9i% ! rations ( "s families :o f\nd 
!y  _h m ?an !y ne$$4 ,! use ( gas 0    
limit$ to meal h\rs =  heat+1 & =       
illum9ation until t5 o'clock at night4  
,illu/ration3 ,hall ( ! ,great ,c\ncil1 
,ducal ,palace1 ,v5ice4       ,on !     
floor may be se5 9 rolls pa9t+s tak5 f  
ceil+ & wall       ,,note--,! pictures  
on pages #f1 #g1 #h1 #i1 are pr9t$      
?r\gh ! c\rtesy ( ! ,italian ,embassy1  
,wa%+ton4 ,!y are     reproduc$ f       
photographs own$ by ! ,italian          
,gov]nm5t4      ,illu/ration3 ,ceil+ %[+
 spaces f :i* art ma/]pieces h     be5  
remov$    ,no re/rictions 7 plac$ on !  
use ( electricity 9 mo/ city  homes1    
al?\gh /reet illum9ation 0 dim9i%$ & 9  
c]ta9  cities 9 ! advanc$ zone 0 aboli%$
 entirely1 z a def5sive  measure4 ,!    
abundance ( electricity is expla9$ by ! 
fact t x  is v (t5 g5]at$ by wat] p[]1  
z1 = in/ance1 9 ,rome4    ,re/aurants   
mu/ s5d to ! au?orities a li/ ( food    
furni%$1  ) prices *>g$ = ea* portion1  
or = ! :ole meal1 or =  ! week4 ,!y mu/ 

indicate also any extra *>ges1 & !      
reason  = su* *>ges4 ,! au?orities w    
approve ! m5u only if x  corresponds )  
normal or prescrib$ prices1 & a copy1   
/amp$ &  sign$ by an au?oriz$ p]son1 mu/
 be expos$ to ! public :]e x  c easily  
be se54    ,no food c be s]v$ unless x  
is on ! approv$ li/4 ,9 l>ge  cities1   
!re is a committee ( control1 compos$ ( 
five citiz5s  appo9t$ by ! mayor1 ^:    
duty x is to see t ! re/rictions  are   
rigidly obs]v$4 ,if ! police au?orities 
d n approve ( a  c]ta9 m5u1 x is        
submitt$ to ! committee1 & unless !y put
  _! ,o4 ,k4 ^u x1 ! re/aurant is n     
p]mitt$ to use x4    ,two factors comb9e
 to keep prices ( necessities & ev5     
luxuries  d[n to a reasonable level4 ,"o
 is ! s-call$ calmi]e1 or  gov]nm5t     
regulation1 t c]ta9 products may n be   
sold at a  high] price ?an t fix$ by !  
regul>ly con/itut$ au?orities4  ,! o!r  
factor is ! preval5ce ( co-op]ative     
societies t sell  to _! memb]s at co/ or
 almo/ at co/4 ,retail]s h to compete  )

 ^! societies1 & !re is a consequ5t curb
 on pr(ite]+4  ,ne>ly e trade or        
pr(ession has its own co-op]ative /ores4
 ,!  entrance fee :i* mu/ be paid to jo9
 a co-op]ative society is v  mod]ate1 9 
"s in/ances z l[ z five lire 7ab\t "o   
doll>74      ,illu/ration3 ,,!          
,,assumption ,,( ,,! ,,virg9            
,titian's great ma/]piece 9 ! ,academy (
 ,f9e ,arts1 ,v5ice      ,amusem5ts &   
,sports    ,!at]s1 c9ematograph !at]s1 &
 o!r places ( amusem5t _h  to close at  
midnight4 ,re/aurants & cafs clos$ an   
h\r e>li]4  ,?is did n apply to ! w>    
zone1 :]e ! milit>y au?orities  made _! 
own regulations & impos$ all k9ds (     
re/rictions =  def5sive purposes4       
,illu/ration3 ,,titian',s ,,assumption  
,,be+ ,,tak5 ,,out      ,illu/ration3   
,,titian',s ,,assumption ,,be+          
,,transport$ ,,across ,,c\ntry     ,,to 
,a ,,secure ,,place    ,9 g5]al1 !at]s &
 motion-picture %[s 9 ,italy are well   
patroniz$4 ,op]a is /ill popul>1 &      
p]=mances are giv5 9  v>i\s cities4     

,society does n consid] x good =m to we>
 ev5+  dress4 ,x w\ld n be 9 ta/e = wom5
 to be elaborately g[n$1 or  to attempt 
to give dances or h\se p>ties4 ,(fic]s d
 n we> _!  dress uni=ms1 no matt] :at   
may be ! function !y att5d4 ,ladies     
avoid ! use ( jewels1 & !re is1 g5]ally 
speak+1 a sob]ness  9 ! dress+ ( bo? m5 
& wom54 ,italy1 h[ev]1 is n gloomy  nor 
depress$4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! ,italians are
 vivaci\s1 & _!  sunny dispositions are 
manife/$ ?r\gh\t ! tr\bl\s times4       
,sports g5]ally h be5 aboli%$4 ,!re is  
no horse-rac+1 b1  = ! purpose ( bre$+  
f9e animals1 horses are /ill be+  tra9$4
    ,travel is freely p]mitt$1 ?\gh1 (  
c\rse1 ! w> zone has be5  c>efully      
gu>d$4 ,9 ! re/rict$ area a pass 0      
necess>y1 &  vital reasons _h to be giv5
 = p]mission to travel4 ,on acc\nt  ( ! 
%ortage ( coal1 ! numb] ( tra9s has be5 
r$uc$1 z  well z ! numb] ( c>s 9 ea*    
tra94 ,travel is !re=e lack+  9 com=t1 &
 x is n uncommon to see p /&+ ev5 9     
fir/-class comp>tm5ts ?r\gh\t j\rneys   

la/+ six or sev5  h\rs4 ,! discom=ts are
 accept$ good-natur$ly1 & !re is f>     
less grumbl+ ?an "o w\ld expect4        
,conditions 9 ,v5ice    ,! morale ( !   
,italians has nev] be5 bett]4 ,caporetto
 has be5  av5g$1 ! ,au/rians 7 ?r[n back
 across ! ,little ,piave1 &  br\ght to  
_! knees4 ,v5ice has be5 sav$4 ,! city  
by ! sea  has _h its trials4 ,sev]e1    
inde$1 h be5 "s ( ! air raids1  &       
?ree-f\r?s ( ! population fl$4 ,ab\t    
fifty ?\s& ( !  inhabitants rema9$1 b   
?is repres5ts b "o-f\r? ( ! p  t liv$   
along ! canals ( ,v5ice be=e ! w>4      
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,la/ ,,supp]4 ,by    
,leon>do da ,v9ci       ,?is fam\s pa9t+
 has be5 half effac$ by ! ravages ( "t  
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,la/ ,,supp]         
,,protect$ ,,by ,,padd+       ,da       
,v9ci's great picture is pa9t$ on ! wall
 ( ! ,refectory ( !     ,*ur* ( ,santa  
,m>ia della ,grazie1 ,milan1 ,italy     
,_m hotels are clos$1 t\ri/s come no m4 
,no ,italian city  has suff]$ f !       
effects ( w> s mu* z ,v5ice4 ,indu/ries 

h be5 ru9$1 its comm]ce deplet$4 ,its   
*ur*es & hospitals  h aga9 & aga9 be5   
bomb$ f ! air4 ,frescoes h be5          
oblit]at$ t c nev] be replac$1 ?\gh mu* 
( ! damage done  w soon be repair$4     
,all ab\t ! popul\s ,squ>e ( ,/4 ,m>k   
heaps ( s&-bags 7 pil$  to protect !    
arcades4 ,! beautiful faade ( ,/4 ,m>k's
 ,ca!dral  has be51 = "s "t1 hidd5 f    
view4 ,! fam\s horses 7 tak5  d[n1 !    
wond]ful ,byzant9e mosaics 7 remov$1 & !
 entire  front ( ! build+ cov]$ )       
s&-bags & protect$ by huge  timb]s4     
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,colleoni ,,/atue    
,,"u ,,protective ,,cov]+               
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fam\s ,,eque/rian   
,,/atue ,,( ,,b>tolommeo ,,colleoni1    
,,by     ,,v]ro*io--,,v5ice    ,!       
,doges' 7,ducal7 ,palace 0 support$ by  
columns ( bricks2  ev]y:]e evid5ce c\ld 
be se5 ( ! attempt ( ! ,italians  to    
save ! mo/ rem>kable city 9 ! _w4       
,inside ! sumptu\s  ,ca!dral ( ,/4      
,m>k's1 ! effect 0 />tl+--all ! works ( 
art gone1 ! alt> cov]$ beyond           

recognition1 m\nds ^u m\nds (  s&-bags  
heap$ ar\nd ! columns4 ,x 0 m l a cave  
?an !  int]ior ( "o ( ! mo/ beautiful ( 
*ur*es4 ,along ! ,gr&  ,canal ! l>ge    
hotels h be5 conv]t$ into hospitals4    
,va/ palaces  h be5 clos$ & des]t$4     
,life on ! ,canal is s quiet t x  is    
almo/ pa9ful4 ,x is n ! same ,v5ice s _m
 travel]s recall4  ,only "o good-class  
hotel is op54 ,!re are a few            
bo>d+-h\ses1  b all ! magnific5t hotels 
are ei!r clos$ or fill$ ) w\nd$  m54    
,x 0 difficult 9 w> times to get into   
,v5ice1 & m difficult  to get out4      
,ev]yone 0 look$ ^u z a spy until he    
prov$ t  he 0 n4 ,(ficials inquir$ into 
y\r life hi/ory1 trac$ y\r  e movem5t1  
wat*$ e /ep y took1 & if f9ally y pass$ 
mu/] & got away )\t a long delay1 y knew
 t !re 0 n  a suspicion ( y\r ev] hav+  
ev5 dream$ ( be+ a spy4                 
,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,madonna ,,& ,,two   
,,sa9ts ,,by ,,p]ug9o-,,cremona         
,at ! "r1 ! pa9t+ cov]$ ) timb] &       
s&-bags    ,x 01 ( c\rse1 m difficult 9 

! w> zone4 ,once inside !  re/rict$ area
 "o became a suspect1 & x sometimes took
 weeks to  obta9 police & milit>y       
p]mission to leave ,italy4 ,! ,italians 
7  9 e>ne/1 !y _h _h a sev]e lesson1 &  
!y did n int5d to be  caught napp+4     
,an ,alli$ victory 0 ! "o object1 &     
,italy 0 ready to pay h]  %>e ( ! price4
 ,no brav] m5 ev] fac$ an enemy ?an !   
,arditi1  & no enemy army ev] =got an   
enc\nt] ) ^! %ock troops (  ! ,italian  
army4 ,^! m5 7 born & br\ght up 9 an    
atmosph]e  t has taught !m h[ to fight4 
,!y are z h>d z nails1 z  fe>less z     
lions--! pick ( ,italy's be/ troops4    
,illu/ration3 ,,m>ket ,,wom5 ,,( ,,italy
       ,photograph by ,e4 ,m4 ,newman   
,italy1 ?\gh ne$+ food1 is n />v+1 nor  
is %e depress$4 ,%e  has recov]$ f !    
%ock ( #aiag1 & !re is no disaffection  
among h] p4 ,all are unit$4 ,sociali/s  
_c ov]turn !  conditions ( ! nation4 ,z 
= _! milit>y /am9a--,au/rians c  te/ify 
to ! fact t ! ,italian army is a foe    
wor?y to engage  itself at any "t1 aga9/

 any ho/ile p[]4      ,illu/ration3     
,,lace ,,mak]s ,,hold ,,to ,,_! ,,trade 
,isl& ( ,burrano1 ,v5ice                
,photograph by ,e4 ,m4 ,newman      ,!  
,_s ( ,italy    ,we _c close m fitt+ly  
?an by quot+ ,mr4 ,sidney ,l['s highly  
in=m+ comm5ts on ! _s ( ,italy3#b    ,( 
all ! bellig]5t nations ,i h se51 ,italy
 seems to me !  mo/ tranquil1 cont5t$ & 
s]5ely confid5t4 ,%e has endur$ heavy   
losses & is call$ ^u to make great      
sacrifices1 b h] p  h c\nt$ ! co/ & !y  
pay x resolutely1 *e]fully1 almo/1  "o  
w\ld say1 gaily4 ,!y h no love = w> & on
 ?is "o !y  ent]$ ) hesitat+ & d\btful  
/eps1 b n[1 ,i ?9k1 !y  feel1 n only t x
 0 necess>y & "r1 b t x w give  !m "s   
?+s :i* 7 want+ 9 ! ye>s ( peace4 ,w> is
 a  mon/r\s evil2 b f its furnace ( pa9 
& suff]+ ,italy1 )  o!r nations1 may    
em]ge h>d5$ & temp]$4 ,%e w ga9 a l>g]  
unity & t n m]ely by annex+ ! unr$eem$  
t]ritory4 ,!  w> has gone f> to         
oblit]ate t division ( classes &        
localities  :i* 0 ! inh]itance ( h]     

tr\bl$ pa/4 ,! common ef=t &  ! common  
burd5 h cr[n$ ! edifice :i* ! mak]s (   
,italy  built up 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4444 
,:at ,italy ne$s is security1 suffici5t 
to develop to ! full h]  economic       
res\rces & h] national individuality2 & 
t %e int5ds  to obta94 ,%e is resolv$ to
 be indep5d5t ( ext]nal patronage1      
protection & sup]vision ( any k9d1 & to 
enjoy all ! rights1  privileges1        
ambitions1 :i* belong to ! great]       
nations ( !  e>?4 ,%e believes h]self   
capable ( excell+1 n m]ely 9 art1       
sci5ce1 lett]s1 philosophy1 laws1 b 9   
production1 manufactur+1  comm]ce1 !    
exploitation ( wa/e & backw>d l&s4 ,%e  
is n  cont5t t h] p1 s intellig5t1 s    
indu/ri\s1 s capable1  %\ld be pack$ (f 
ye> by ye> 9 %oals to =m ! ill-paid     
labor  helots ( weal?i] communities2 %e 
pref]s t !y %\ld be kept  at home to    
develop ! ri*es & int5sifi$ vitality (  
_! own  l&4 ,%e has wat*$ ! rise (      
,g]many f pov]ty & weakness  to /r5g? & 
indu/rial magnific5ce2 & %e believes t !

  ,lat9 capacity = organization1        
inv5tion1 sci5tific adaptation &        
ent]prise1 is n inf]ior to ! ,teutonic4 
,%e ?9ks %e c d  _m ( ! ?+s t ,g]many   
has done1 & "s ?+s :i* ,g]many  w nev]  
d2 & %e means to try4 ,x is = ! great   
free nations1  ) :i* %e is n[ associat$1
 to survey h] ef=t ) sympa!tic  eyes1 & 
ext5d to x all ! aid & enc\ragem5t 9 _! 
p[]4         #b ,f ,italy 9 ! ,w>       
,illu/ration3 ,,woman ,,lett] ,,c>ri]1  
,,rome       ,copyright1 ,we/]n         
,newspap] ,union      ,illu/ration3     
,,s*ool ,,in/itut$ ,,by ,,am]ican ,,r$  
,,cross       ,at ! ,italian front1     
beh9d ! w> zone       ,press ,illu/rat+ 
,s]vice4 ,inc      ,,supplem5t>y ,,read+
         ,,italy ,,9 ,,! ,,w>4          
,by ,sidney ,j4 ,m4 ,l[       ,,italy   
,,at ,,w>4                     ,by ,h4  
,vivian       ,,europe',s ,,fateful     
,,h\r4           ,by ,g4 ,f]r]o         
,,! ,,book ,,( ,,italy4  ,edit$ by      
,raffaelo ,piccoli         ,a book (    
/ory1 essay1 v]se & picture1 int]pret+ !

 _s         ( ,italy4    999999         
,in=mation conc]n+ ! above books may be 
_h on application to  ! ,editor ( ,!    
,m5tor4          ,,! ,,op5 ,,lett]      
,9 ! com+ mon?s ( recon/ruction &       
re/oration 9 ,europe1  ,italy w h       
special problems ( h] own to solve4     
,victory 9 !  _w w> means = ,italy five 
million additional m\?s to fe$ 9 h]     
r$eem$ t]ritory4 ,close ration+ w1      
!re=e1 be necess>y =  a long "t1 & a    
lib]al food allotm5t f outside relief   
s\rces  mu/ be made4    ,italy _c be    
accus$ ( hav+ neglect$ h] l&4 ,! total  
area (  ! c\ntry comprises #gj1hbj1aig  
acres1 only a little ov] #g p] c5t  (   
:i* is unproductive l&4 ,9 h]           
agricultural production1 h[ev]1  c]eals 
d n play an important "p4 ,h] :eat      
product did n meet  h] dome/ic dem&s ev5
 be=e ! w>1 & annual importations (     
gra9 7 always necess>y4 ,! situation1   
!re=e1 today1 aft]  ! t]rible toll t w> 
has tak51 is acute & di/ress+ z  f> z ! 
ma9 /aff ( life is conc]n$4 ,italy      

produces fruits  9 quantity1 b a />v+   
nation _c live by fruit alone4 ,!       
travel] 9 ,italy today may fea/ 8 eyes  
on twelve million acres (  v9e-cov]$    
slopes1 b ! *ildr5 ( ! l& are cry+ =    
milk  & bread4 ,! w9es ( ,italy are     
fam\s = _! flavor & quality1  & h]      
olives & lemons are kn[n ?r\gh\t ! _w1 b
 !  p _c survive on w9e & olives4 ,!y   
ne$ m sub/antial  food1 &1 "u ! pres5t  
/rict ration+1 ea* p]son receives  only 
sev5te5 p\nds ( bread a mon?4           
99       99       99       99       99  
,italy's exports h be5 *iefly olives1   
lemons & *eese--,gorgonzola  & ,p>mesan 
be+ among ! fam\s br&s4 ,^! f9e ,italian
 *eeses  are made f goats' milk1 &1 z   
!re is little en\gh ( t n[  to fe$ w\nd$
 soldi]s & *ildr51 ! exportation ( *eese
 has  be5 /opp$4 ,be=e ! w> olives &    
olive oil 7 %ipp$ 9 huge  quantities4   
,!re are miles & miles ( olive trees to 
be se5 f  tra9 w9d[s :5 travel+ ?r\gh   
,italy4 ,today j z _m olives  are gr[n1 
& z mu* olive oil is obta9$1 b x is ne$$

 at home  & is c>efully gu>d$ !re4 ,!   
,italian gov]nm5t practically  controls 
! output & v little is p]mitt$ = export4
 ,lemons are  gr[n 9 great quantities & 
are /ill export$ to "s ext5t4 ,!        
difficulty 9 obta9+ boats1 h[ev]1 has   
made x impossible to %ip  any           
consid]able quantity ( lemons1 & s ?is  
s\rce ( income has  be5 virtually       
elim9at$4           99       99       99
       99       99    ,italy has f\nd x 
necess>y1 !re=e1 to cultivate h]        
products  exclusively = home            
consumption1 &1 9 ?is cultivation1 ?\ght
  is giv5 only to ! supply ( ?+s        
necess>y = ! ma9t5ance  ( ! ,italian p4 
,?+s t are mo/ ne$$1--t give mo/        
su/5ance1 are be+ cultivat$ to !        
exclusion ( ?+s t  br\ght income f      
outside1 b did n fill ! hungry m\?s (  !
 p4 ,also1 food products t =m]ly _h to  
be import$1 are  n[ be+ home gr[n4      
,=tunately1 ?is is made easy by ! fact t
  ,italy is a clime :]e e season smiles4
 ,x is favor$ by climatic  conditions to

 a degree comp>able to ^? ( ,s\!rn      
,cali=nia1 &1  accord+ly1 a great range 
( crops1 bo? ( a temp]ate-zone & ( a    
tropical k9d1 c be gr[n readily4 ,9 !   
s\!rn "p ( ,italy !  climate is         
semitropical4 ,! soil is f]tile &       
g>d5-truck gr[s  9 abundance--& _m k9ds 
( fruit1 includ+ oranges1 lemons1       
grapes1 apples1 plums & pe>s4 ,9 !      
f]tile pla9s ( ! nor?  are fields :]e   
c]eals are gr[n & ^! are be+ ext5d$ &   
prep>$ = int5sifi$ cultivation4 ,! delta
 ( ! ,piave1 captur$  & held = a %ort "t
 by ! ,au/rians1 is aga9 9 possession  (
 ,italy4 ,compris+ "s ( ! ri*e/ soil 9 !
 _w1 x w  soon be fl\ri%+ ) gr[+ crops1 
& its fields w contribute  sub/antially 
to ! solution ( ,italy's food problem4  
99       99       99       99       99  
,we may be sure !n t ,italy1 plucky &   
/aun*1 w c>ry on  ?r\gh h>d%ip to r5ew$ 
prosp]ity4 ,) ! sympa!tic assi/ance  t  
is h] due f ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 !re c be no
 "q (  ! future4 ,italy's firmly boot$  
leg w cont9ue to kick its /urdy  way d[n

 into ! w>m wat]s t ,g]many s desir$2 h]
 fair  doma9s w cont9ue to enjoy t place
 9 ! sun t ,prussia s  imp]i\sly dem&$4 
,) all h] advantages ( l& & sea1 ,italy 
mu/ come ?r\gh & f9d pl5ty 9 ! wake (   
peace4      ,illu/ration3 ,w4 ,d4 ,m(fat
          ,,new ,,ye> ,,greet+      ,!  
,m5tor receives fri5dly messages f its  
read]s daily1 &1 at  ! turn ( ! ,new    
,ye>1 _m cordial greet+s come 9--= all (
  :i* ?anks6 full he>t$ & f]v5t ?anks6  
,^! messages are a  great enc\ragem5t & 
inspiration to u4 ,) su* endorsem5t (   
pa/ accompli%m5t we look to ! future )  
joyful confid5ce4 ,!  %orte/1 pi?ie/1 & 
mo/ expressive message t we h receiv$   
came ov] ! phone "o morn+ n _m days ago3
 ,i l ,! ,m5tor  because x is absolutely
 unique4 ,! ,m5tor has a g5ius = mak+  k
 human4 ,?9k ( x1 mak+ k human6 ,t is a 
new  phrase1 & x pleases u mightily4 ,to
 _m p1 k1 :ile  mu* desir$ & s\ght aft]1
 pres5ts an impos+ & awesome front4  ,to
 _m1 k means toilsome & t$i\s /udy4 ,if 
,! ,m5tor has  succe$$ 9 mak+ ! halls & 

*amb]s 9 ! ,temple ( ,k  bright1 sunny1 
& attractive2 if x has made ! pa?ways 9 
!  fields ( rese>* allur+ & easy to     
pursue--9 brief1 if1 z our  read] says1 
x has made k human1--we %all feel t we h
  accompli%$ some?+ well wor? :ile4     
99       99       99       99       99  
,f f> out 9 ,montana a doctor writes to 
u3 ,i 0 glad to get  y\r lett] today z a
 rem9d]4 ,i h miss$ ,! ,m5tor s9ce my   
memb]%ip ran out4 ,i've be5 lonesome )\t
 x4 ,if y h any  rates = five ye>s or s1
 let me "k1 & ,i'll take advantage (    
!m4 ,i want x to belong to our family f 
n[ on4 ,! ,m5tor w  nev] get old1 & my  
gr[+ family w appreciate x 9 t5 ye>s  f 
n[ z mu* z my wife & ,i d n[4 ,i d n "k 
y p :o  get out ?is magaz9e1 & probably 
nev] w1 b please take ?is  note z a     
:ole-he>t$ appreciation4           99   
99       99       99       99    ,f     
,w9nipeg ! head ( a prom95t insurance   
company greets u z  foll[s3 ,i want aga9
 to congratulate y on ! v high /&>d     
ma9ta9$ 9 e numb] issu$4 ,i c]ta9ly     

enjoy read+ ,! ,m5tor  & ! beautiful    
pictures accompany+ ea* issue are mo/   
delightful4  ,i simply _c speak too     
highly ( ! m]its ( y\r excell5t         
publication4           99       99      
99       99       99    ,ano!r message  
comes f ,quebec4 ,a memb] ( our         
,association1 )  ! f9e old              
,fr5*-,canadian "n ( ,ga/on ,beaupr1    
writes to u3  ,all[ me to congratulate y
 = y\r s]vice to me s9ce ,i jo9$  ,m5tor
 ,association4 ,x is ne$less to tell y  
h[ mu* ,i appreciate my  ,m5tors4 ,i am 
look+ =w>d to our dread$ & cold         
,canadian w9t]  ev5+s )\t fe> s9ce ,i h 
pl5ty ( ,m5tors to :ile away !  "t4 ,!  
lonelie/ c\ntry 9 ! _w is lovely en\gh =
 me if ,i  h a few copies ( ,m5tor ) me4
           99       99       99       99
       99    ,a well-wi%+ fri5d out 9   
middle ,p5nsylvania1 c>ry+ out :at      
seem$ to be a ,new ,ye>'s resolution1   
s5t u ?is greet+3 ,i h  int5d$ = a long 
"t to write y a p]sonal lett] tell+ y  (
 my appreciation ( ,! ,m5tor4 ,x has    

seem$ to me to be ! "o  place ( resort  
:]e ,i c\ld f9d enjoym5t & =get = a:ile4
 ,!  ,m5tor is inde$ a real "p ( my     
life4 ,i %\ld l to drop 9 &  visit y at 
! home ( ,! ,m5tor4    ,by all means    
drop 94 ,! lat*/r+ ( ,! ,m5tor door is  
always  loose & a w>m welcome )9 awaits 
e memb] ( ,! ,m5tor  ,association4 ,if y
 are ev] 9 ,new ,york1 come 9 & visit u 
s t  we may come to "k ea* o!r well4    
,w4 ,d4 ,,m(fat4          ,,! ,,m5tor   
,a ,new ,volume 9 ! ,m5tor ,libr>y    ,x
 gives u great pleasure to advise our   
fri5ds t ! six? volume  ( ,! ,m5tor     
,libr>y is n[ ready = di/ribution4 ,x   
conta9s issues  "o hundr$ tw5ty-"o to "o
 hundr$ =ty-f\r inclusive1 & is1 9  e   
p>ticul>1 uni=m ) ! volumes previ\sly   
issu$4    ,"o ( ! great advantages (    
own+ ,! ,m5tor ,libr>y is t  x gr[s 9   
value f ye> to ye>--giv+ an endless     
supply (  in/ructive & wond]fully       
illu/rat$ mat]ial t w\ld be  impossible 
to obta9 else:]e4 ,x con/itutes "o ( !  
mo/ valuable  educational sets t y c\ld 

possibly own1 &1 ea* ye>1 ! set  is     
enl>g$ by "o volume at a v small        
additional co/4    ,! beautiful numb]s (
 ! unique ,m5tor ,libr>y w nev] be out (
  date1 z e issue ( ,! ,m5tor is devot$ 
to an important subject  ( endur+       
int]e/4 ,! concise =m 9 :i* scores (    
subjects  are cov]$ makes x ( ! greate/ 
practical value to ! bus9ess  man1 to ! 
active woman :o appreciates ! importance
 ( be+ well  in=m$1 & to *ildr51 :o w   
f9d x ( great direct value  9 _! s*ool  
"w4 ,y w want volume ,numb] ,six1 :i* w 
complete ,! ,m5tor ,libr>y to date4 ,t y
 may receive x y ne$  only s5d ! c\pon  
or po/c>d )\t money4           99       
99       99       99       99    ,!     
volume w be =w>d$ to y1 all *>ges paid4 
,y c remit  #a4be ^u receipt ( bill1 &  
#a4jj a mon? = only six mon?s2 or  a    
disc\nt ( #e is all[$ if paym5t 9 full  
is made )9 t5 days  f date ( bill4 ,if y
 are n[ pay+ = ! ,b\nd ,volumes we w    
%ip ?is volume to y & add ! am\nt to y\r
 acc\nt4 ,we urge y  to act at once4    

,! ,m5tor ,association1       #aad-aaf  
,ea/ #af? ,/41 ,new ,york4              
,g5tlem53         ,i am anxi\s to h !   
new volume ( ,! ,m5tor       ,libr>y4   
,please s5d x to me all *>ges paid1 & ,i
 w       s5d y #a4be ^u receipt ( bill &
 #a4jj p] mon?       = six mon?s--#g4be 
9 all4              ,v truly y\rs1      
,"n4444444444444444444444444444444444444
4444444                                 
,/reet4444444444444444444444444444444444
4444444                                 
,t[n444444444444444444444               
,/ate44444444444444444         ,a       
disc\nt ( #e is all[$ if paym5t 9 full  
is       made )9 #aj days f date ( bill4
         ,,! ,,m5tor ,,association1     
#aad-aaf ,ea/ #af? ,/41 ,new ,york ,city
         ,,make ,,! ,,sp>e       ,,mom5t
 ,,c\nt