,transcrib]'s ,note3    ,! text ( ,"p   
,,iii ( ,a ,*ri/ian ,directory 7or1 a   
sum ( ,practical  ,!ology & ,cases (    
,consci5ce7 has be5 transcrib$ f pages  
#edg  to #gcf ( ,volume ,i ( ,baxt]'s   
,practical ,works1 z li?ograph$ f  !    
#ahdf edition4 ,"p ,,iii addresses *ur* 
duties4 ,a table (  cont5ts has be5     
ins]t$ to assi/ ! read]4    ,small      
capitals h be5 r5d]$ 9 full capitals4   
,italics are  indicat$ by und]scores4   
,sid5otes ref] to ! foll[+  p>agraph4   
,! an*ors = footnotes #aai1 #cff & #cia 
are miss+4 ,! fir/ (  ^! has be5 ins]t$ 
aft] consult+ ano!r edition ( ! text4   
,! ref]5ce 9 footnote #dag to ! ,book ( 
,acts appe>s to be incorrect4           
,inconsi/5cies 9 hyph5ation1 & app>5t   
typographical errors1  h be5 correct$4  
,,"p ,,iii4    ,,*ri/ian ,,ecclesia/ics4
    ,,or1    ,,directions ,,to ,,pa/ors 
,,& ,,p ,,ab\t ,,sacr$ ,,doctr9e1       
,,wor%ip1 ,,&  ,,discipl9e1 ,,& ,,_!    
,,mutual ,,duties4 ,,) ,,! ,,solution   
,,( ,a ,,multitude  ,,( ,,*ur*          

,,controv]sies ,,& ,,cases ,,(          
,,consci5ce4          ,table ( ,cont5ts 
,page            ,to ! ,read]4          
#edg       ,i4 ,( ! wor%ip ( ,god 9     
g5]al4                            #edg  
,,ii4 ,directions ab\t ! mann] ( wor%ip1
 to avoid all          corruptions1 &   
false1 unacceptable wor%ipp+ ( ,god4    
#eec     ,,iii4 ,directions ab\t !      
*ri/ian cov5ant ) ,god1          &      
baptism4                                
#eei      ,,iv4 ,directions ab\t !      
pr(ession ( our religion to o!rs4   #efb
       ,v4 ,directions ab\t v[s &       
p>ticul> cov5ants ) ,god4     #efd      
,,vi4 ,directions to ! p conc]n+ _!     
int]nal &          private duty to _!   
pa/ors1 & ! improvem5t (          _!    
m9i/]ial (fice & gifts4                 
#ehj     ,,vii4 ,directions = ! discov]y
 ( ! tru? among cont5d]s1          & !  
escape ( h]esy & deceit4                
#eij    ,,viii4 ,directions = ! union & 
communion ( sa9ts1 & !          avoid+  
unpeaceabl5ess & s*ism4                 

#eie      ,,ix4 ,h[ to behave ourselves 
9 ! public assemblies1 & !              
wor%ip !re p]=m$1 & aft] !m4            
#faf       ,x4 ,directions ab\t our     
communion ) holy s\ls dep>t$1          &
 n[ ) ,*ri/4                            
#fah      ,,xi4 ,directions ab\t our    
communion ) ! holy angels4         #fbb 
,,cases ,,( ,,consci5ce1 ,,ab\t ,,matt]s
 ,,ecclesia/ical4          ,to ! ,read]4
                                        
#fbf          ,que/ions ,i to ,,clxxiv4 
#fbf          ,,read]1    ,t ?is "p & ! 
next are imp]fect1 & s mu* only is      
writt5  z ,i might1 & n z ,i w\ld1 ,i   
ne$ n excuse to !e if ?\ "k  me1 & :]e &
 :5 ,i live4 ,b "s ( t :i* is want+1 if 
?\ desire1 ?\ may/ f9d1 #a4 ,9 my       
,univ]sal ,concord4 #b4 ,9 my  ,*ri/ian 
,concord4 #c4 ,9 our ,agreem5t =        
,cate*is+1 & my  ,re=m$ ,pa/or4 #d4 ,9 !
 ,re=m$ ,liturgy1 (f]$ to !  commission$
 bi%ops at ! ,savoy4 ,f>ewell4          
,,*apt] ,i4    ,,( ,,! ,,wor%ip ,,(     
,,god ,,9 ,,g5]al4      ,t ,god is to be

 wor%ipp$ solemnly by man1 is confess$  
by all t  ackn[l$ge t !re is a ,god4#a  
,b ab\t ! matt] & mann] (  8 wor%ip1 !re
 are no small diss5sions & cont5tions 9 
!  _w4 ,i am n n[ attempt+ a            
reconciliation ( ^! cont5d]s2  !        
sickness ( m5's m9ds & wills do? make t 
impossible to any  b ,god1 :i* else 7 n 
only possible1 b easy1 ! t]ms (         
reconciliation be+ 9 !mselves s pla9 &  
obvi\s z !y are4  ,b x is directions to 
^? t are will+ to wor%ip ,god aright1   
:i* ,i am n[ to give4    ,direct4 ,i4   
,und]/& :at x is to wor%ip ,god aright1 
le/ y  (f] him vanity & s9 = wor%ip4 ,! 
wor%ipp+ ( ,god is !  direct ackn[l$g+ (
 8 be+ & p]fections to 8 hon\r4         
,indirectly or consequ5tially he is     
ackn[l$g$ 9 e ob$i5tial  act by ^? t    
truly obey & s]ve him2 & ?is is         
indirectly &  p>ticipatively to wor%ip  
him2 & !re=e all ?+s are holy to  !     
holy1 because !y are holy 9 ! use ( all1
 & ,hol9ess to !  ,"l is1 z x 71 writt5 
^u all t !y possess or d 7z !y  are     

holy73 b ?is is n ! wor%ip :i* we are "h
 to speak (2  b t :i* is prim>ily &     
directly done to glorify him by !       
ackn[l$gm5t ( 8 excell5cies4 ,?us ,god  
is wor%ipp$ ei!r  inw>dly by ! s\l      
alone1 or also outw>dly by ! body       
express+  ! wor%ip ( ! s\l4 ,= t :i* is 
done by ! body alone1  )\t ! concurr5ce 
( ! he>t1 is n true wor%ip1 b a         
hypocritical image or %[ ( x1           
equivocally call$ wor%ip4#b ,!  inw>d   
wor%ip ( ! he>t alone1 ,i h spok5 ( 9 ! 
=m]  "p4 ,! outw>d or expressive wor%ip1
 is simple or mix$3 simple  :5 we only  
int5d ,god's wor%ip imm$iately 9 !      
action2 & ?is  is f\nd *iefly 9 praises 
& ?anksgiv+1 :i* !re=e are !  mo/ pure &
 simple sort ( expressive wor%ip4 ,mix$ 
wor%ip is t  9 :i* we jo9 "s o!r        
int5tion1 = our own b5efit 9 !  action2 
z 9 pray]1 :]e we wor%ip ,god by seek+  
to him =  m]cy2 & 9 rev]5t he>+ or read+
 ( 8 ^w1 :]e we  wor%ip him by a holy   
att5dance ^u 8 in/ructions & comm&s2  & 
9 8 sacram5ts1 :]e we wor%ip him by     

receiv+ &  ackn[l$g+ 8 b5efits to our   
s\ls2 & 9 oblations1 :]e we  h respect  
also to ! use ( ! ?+ (f]$2 & 9 holy v[s 
& oa?s1 9 :i* we ackn[l$ge him our ,"l &
 ,judge4 ,all ^!  are acts ( div9e      
wor%ip1 ?\gh mix$ ) o!r uses4    ,x is n
 only wor%ipp+ ,god1 :5 our ackn[l$gm5ts
 7by ^w or  de$7 are direct$ imm$iately 
to himself2 b also :5 we direct our     
spee* to o!rs1 if 8 praises be ! subject
 ( !m1 & !y are  int5d$ directly to 8   
hon\r3 su* are _m ( ,david's psalms (   
praise4 ,b :]e ,god's hon\r is n ! ?+   
directly int5d$1 x  is no direct        
wor%ipp+ ( ,god1 ?\gh all ! same words  
be spok5  z by o!rs4    ,direct4 ,,ii4  
,und]/& ! true ends & reasons ( our     
wor%ipp+  ,god2 le/ y be deceiv$ by !   
impi\s :o take x to be all 9  va94 ,:5  
!y h imag9$ "s false reasons to         
!mselves1 !y  judge x va9 to wor%ip     
,god1 because ^? reasons ( x are va94   
,& he t und]/&e? n ! true reasons :y he 
%\ld wor%ip  ,god1 w n truly wor%ip him1
 b be pr(ane 9 neglect+ x1 or           

hypocritical 9 dissembl+1 & he>tless 9  
p]=m+ x4 ,!  reasons !n are su* z ^!4   
#a4 ,! fir/ arise? f ! use ( all ! _w1 &
 ! nature (  ! rational creature 9      
special4 ,! :ole _w is made & upheld  to
 be expressive & p>ticipative ( ! image 
& b5efits ( ,god4  ,god is mo/ p]fect & 
bless$ 9 himself1 & ne$e? n ! _w  to add
 to 8 felicity4 ,b he made x to please 8
 bless$ w1 z  a communicative good1 by  
communication & appe>ance2 t he might  h
 creatures to "k him1 & to be happy 9 8 
light2 & ^?  creatures might h a fit    
repres5tation or revelation ( him t  !y 
might "k him4 ,& man is specially end[$ 
) reason &  utt]ance1 t he might "k 8   
,creator appe>+ 9 8 works1 &  might     
communicate ?is k1 & express t glory ( 8
 ,mak]  ) 8 tongue1 :i* ! inf]ior       
creatures express to him 9 _!  be+4#c ,s
 t if ,god 7 n to be wor%ipp$1 ! end (  
man's  faculties1 & ( all ! creation1   
mu/ be mu* fru/rat$4 ,man's  reason is  
giv5 him t he may "k 8 ,mak]2 8 w1 &    
affections1 & executive p[]s are giv5   

him1 t he may freely  love him & obey   
him2 & 8 tongue is giv5 him pr9cipally  
to  ackn[l$ge him & praise him3 :om %\ld
 ,god's "w be s]viceable  to1 b to him t
 made x8    #b4 ,z x is ! natural use1 s
 x is ! highe/ hon\r ( !  creature to   
wor%ip & hon\r 8 ,creator3 is !re a     
nobl] or m  excell5t object = our       
?\ghts1 affections1 or expressions8 ,&  
nature1 :i* desire? its own p]fection1  
=bidde? u to *oose a  sordid1 vile1     
di%on\rable "w1 & to neglect ! highe/ & 
mo/  hon\rable4    #c4 ,! "r wor%ipp+ ( 
,god do? p[]fully t5d to make u 9 our   
measure l him1 & s to sanctify & raise !
 s\l1 & to heal  x ( its s9ful di/emp]s 
& imp]fections4 ,:at c make u good  s   
effectually z our k1 & love1 & communion
 ) him t  is ! *iefe/ good8 ,nay1 :at is
 goodness itself 9 ! creature if  ?is be
 n8 ,z ne>ness to ! sun give? light &   
heat1 s  ne>ness to ,god is ! way to    
make u wise & good2 = !  contemplation (
 8 p]fections is ! means to make u l    
him4 ,!  wor%ipp]s ( ,god d n ex]cise _!

 b>e und]/&+s ^u him  9 b>r5            
speculations2 b !y ex]cise all _!       
affections t[>ds  him1 & all ! faculties
 ( _! s\ls1 9 ! mo/ practical &  s]i\s  
mann]1 & !re=e are likelie/ to h !      
livelie/  impressions ( ,god ^u _!      
he>ts2 & h5ce x is t ! true  wor%ipp]s (
 ,god are really ! wise/ & ! be/ ( m51  
:5  _m t at a di/ance are employ$ 9 m]e 
speculations ab\t 8  works & him1 rema9 
almo/ z va9 & wick$ z be=e1 &  pr(ess+  
!mselves wise1 are 7practically7 fools1 
,rom4 i4 #ba1 #bb4    #d4 ,! "r wor%ipp+
 ( ,god1 by br++ ! he>t into a  cleans$1
 holy1 & ob$i5t frame1 do? prep>e x to  
comm& !  body1 & make u upright & regul>
 9 all ! actions ( our lives2  = ! fruit
 w be l ! tree2 & z m5 are1 s w !y d4   
,he t hon\re? n 8 ,god1 is n l well to  
hon\r 8 p>5ts  or 8 k+3 he t is n mov$  
to x by 8 reg>d to ,god1 is nev]  l to  
be univ]sally & con/antly j & fai?ful   
unto m54  ,exp]i5ce telle? u t x is !   
true/ wor%ipp]s ( ,god t  are true/ &   
mo/ conscionable 9 _! deal+s ) _!       

neighb\rs3 ?is w9de? up ! spr+1 & ord]e?
 & /r5g!ne?  all ! causes ( a good      
conv]sation4    #e4 ,! "r wor%ipp+ (    
,god is ! highe/ & mo/ rational  delight
 ( man4 ,?\gh to a sick1 corrupt$ s\l x 
be unpleasant1 z  food to a sick /oma*1 
yet to a wise & holy s\l !re is no?+  s 
solidly & durably cont5tful4 ,z x is    
,god's damn+ s5t5ce on  ! wick$1 to say1
 ,dep>t f me1 ,matt4 xxv4 #da2 vii4 #bc1
 s holy  s\ls w\ld lose _! joys1 & take 
!mselves to be undone1 if ,god  %\ld bid
 !m1 ,dep>t f me2 wor%ip me1 & love me1 
& praise  me no m4 ,!y w\ld be we>y ( ! 
_w1 7 x n = ,god 9  ! _w2 & we>y ( _!   
lives1 if ,god 7 n _! life4    #f4 ,! "r
 wor%ipp+ ( ,god prep>e? u = heav51 :]e 
we are  to behold him1 & love & wor%ip  
him = ev]4 ,god br+e? n  unprep>$ s\ls  
to heav53 ?is life is ! "t t is         
purposely  giv5 u = our prep>ation2 z ! 
appr5tice%ip is ! "t to  le>n y\r       
trades4 ,heav5 is a place ( action &    
fruition1 (  p]fect k1 love1 & praise3 &
 ! s\ls t w enjoy &  praise ,god !re1   

mu/ be dispos$ to x "h2 & !re=e !y mu/  
be mu* employ$ 9 8 wor%ip4    #g4 ,& z x
 is 9 all ^! respects necess>y z a      
means1 s ,god  ha? made x necess>y by 8 
comm&4#d ,he ha? made x our duty to     
wor%ip him con/antly2 & he kn[e? !      
reason ( 8 own comm&s4  ,x is writt51   
,?\ %alt wor%ip ! ,"l ?y ,god1 & him    
only  %alt ?\ s]ve1 ,matt4 iv4 #aj4 ,if 
,god %\ld comm& u no?+1 h[  is he our   
,gov]nor & our ,god8 & if he comm& u any
 ?+1 :at  %\ld he comm& u m fitly ?an to
 wor%ip him8 & he t w  n obey him 9 ?is1
 is n l to obey him well 9 any ?+2 =    
!re is no?+ t he c ) less %[ ( reason   
except aga9/2  see+ all ! reason 9 ! _w 
mu/ confess1 t wor%ip is mo/  due to    
,god f 8 own creatures4    ,^! reasons =
 ! wor%ip ( ,god be+ und5iable1 !       
objections  ( ! infidels & ungodly are  
unreasonable3 z1 ,object4 #a4 ,t  our   
wor%ip do? no good to ,god2 = he ha? no 
ne$ ( x4 ,answ4  ,x please? & hon\re?   
him1 z ! mak+ ( ! _w1 & !  happ9ess (   
man do?3 do? x foll[ t !re mu/ be no _w1

 nor  any man happy1 because ,god ha? no
 ne$ ( x1 or no addition (  felicity by 
x8 ,x is suffici5t t x is necess>y &    
good = u1  & pleas+ unto ,god4          
,object4 #b4 ,pr\d m5 are unlike/ unto  
,god2 & x is ! pr\d t  love to be hon\r$
 & prais$4 ,answ4 ,pride is ! affect+ ( 
an  undue hon\r1 or ! undue affect+ ( t 
hon\r :i* is due4  ,!re=e x is t ?is    
affectation ( hon\r 9 ! creature is a   
s91 because all hon\r is due to ,god1 & 
none to ! creature b  d]ivatively &     
subs]vi5tly4 ,= a subject to affect any 
( !  hon\r ( 8 k+1 is disloyalty2 & to  
affect any ( ! hon\r (  8 fell[-subjects
 is inju/ice3 b ,god require? no?+ b :at
  is absolutely 8 due2 & he ha? comm&$  
u1 ev5 t[>ds m51 to  give fe> & hon\r to
 :om !y are due1 ,rom4 xiii4 #g4        
,direct4 ,,iii4 ,lab\r = ! true/ k ( !  
,god :om y  wor%ip4 ,let x n be said (  
y1 z ,*ri/ said to ! ,sam>itan  woman1  
,john iv4 #bb1 ,ye wor%ip ye "k n :at2  
nor z x is said  ( ! ,a!nians1 ^: alt> 0
 inscrib$1 ,to ! unkn[n ,god1  ,acts    

xvii4 #bc4 ,y mu/ "k :om y wor%ip2 or   
else y _c  wor%ip him ) ! he>t1 nor     
wor%ip him s9c]ely & acceptably1  ?\gh y
 7 at nev] s great lab\r & co/3 ,god ha?
 no  pleasure 9 ! sacrifice ( fools1    
,eccles4 v4 #a1 #d4 ,?\gh no man  "k him
 p]fectly1 y mu/ "k him truly4 ,& ?\gh  
,god take? n  e man = a blasphem]1 &    
d5i] ( 8 attributes1 :om  cont5ti\s1    
peevi% wrangl]s call s1 because !y      
consequ5tially  cross "s esp\s$ op9ions 
( !irs2 yet real misund]/&+ (  ,god's   
nature & attributes is dang]\s1 & t5de? 
to corrupt 8  wor%ip by ! corrupt+ ( !  
wor%ipp]s4 ,= su* z y take ,god  to be1 
su* wor%ip y w (f] him2 = y\r wor%ip is 
b !  hon\rable ackn[l$gm5t ( 8          
p]fections2 & mi/ak+ly to  praise him = 
suppos$ imp]fections1 is to di%on\r him 
&  dispraise him4 ,if to "k ,god be y\r 
et]nal life1 x mu/ ne$s be  ! life ( all
 y\r wor%ip4 ,take he$ !re=e ( ignorance
 &  error ab\t ,god4    ,direct4 ,,iv4  
,und]/& ! (fice ( ,jesus ,*ri/ z our    
great ,high  ,prie/1 by ^: m$iation     

alone we mu/ h access to ,god4#e  ,:e!r 
!re %\ld h be5 any prie/hood = sacrifice
 or  int]cession if !re _h be5 no s91 ! 
,scripture telle? u n  expressly2 b we h
 great reason to conjecture !re w\ld h  
be5 none1 because !re w\ld n h be5 any  
reasons = !  ex]cise ( su* an (fice4 ,b 
s9ce ! fall1 n only !  ,scriptures1 b ! 
practice ( ! :ole _w1 do? tell u t !    
s9ful p are unmeet imm$iately ?us to    
come to ,god1 b t  !y mu/ come by !     
m$iation ( ! prie/1 z a sacrific] &     
int]cessor4 ,s t ei!r nature tea*e?     
s9n]s ! necessity (  "s m$iator1 or !   
tradition ( ! *ur* ha? disp]s$ !  k ( x 
?r\gh ! _w3 & c]ta9ly no o!r prie/ b    
,*ri/ c procure ! acceptance ( a s9ful p
 ^u 8 own  acc\nt2 nor be an effectual  
m$iator = !m to ,god1 unless 9          
subs]vi5cy to an effectual m$iator :o c 
procure u access &  acceptance = 8 own  
sake4 ,= all o!r prie/s are s9n]s z well
  z ! p1 & h z mu* ne$ ( a m$iator =    
!mselves4 #a4  ,see !re=e t y nev] appe>
 be=e ,god1 b z s9n]s1 t  h (f5d$ him1 &

 h des]v$ to be ca/ out ( 8 fav\r =     
ev]1 & su* z are 9 absolute necessity ( 
a m$iator to procure  _! access &       
acceptance ) ,god3 come n to ,god )\t ! 
s5se ( s9 & mis]y4 #b4 ,see also t y    
come z ^? t h  a m$iator 9 ! pres5ce (  
,god2 ev5 ,jesus our ,high ,prie/ :o    
appe>e? be=e ,god cont9ually to make    
int]cession = u3 come  !re=e ) holy     
boldness1 & confid5ce1 & joy1 hav+ s    
sure  & p[]ful a ,fri5d ) ,god1 !       
,belov$ ( ! ,fa!r1 :om he  he>e?        
always4#f    ,direct4 ,v4 ,look c>efully
 to ! /ate ( ?y s\l1 t ?\ br+  n an     
unholy he>t to wor%ip ! mo/ holy ,god4  
,come n 9 ! love  ( s91 nor 9 ! hatr$ ( 
hol9ess2 = o!rwise ?\ hate/ ,god1  & art
 hat$ ( him1 z br++ t be=e him :i* he _c
 b  hate4 ,& x is easy to judge h[ unfit
 !y are to wor%ip ,god1 t  hate him2 &  
h[ unlike !y are to be accept$ by him   
:om he  hate?4 ,psal4 v4 #c-g1 ,my voice
 %alt ?\ he> 9 ! morn+1 ,o  ,"l3 9 !    
morn+ w ,i direct my pray] unto !e1 & w 
look  up3 = ?\ art n a ,god t ha?       

pleasure 9 wick$ness1 nei!r  %all evil  
dwell ) !e4 ,! fooli% %all n /& 9 ?y    
sight2  ?\ hate/ all ! work]s (         
iniquity4--,?\ %alt de/roy !m t  speak  
leas+3 ! ,"l w abhor ! bloody &         
deceitful man4 ,b  z = me1 ,i w come    
into ?y h\se 9 ! multitude ( ?y m]cies1 
& 9 ?y fe> w ,i wor%ip t[>ds ?y holy    
temple4 ,psal4 lxvi4  #ah1 ,if ,i reg>d 
iniquity 9 my he>t1 ! ,"l w n he> me4   
,psal4 xv4 #a1 #b1 ,:o %all abide 9     
,god's tab]nacle1 b he t  walke?        
uprightly & worke? righte\sness8 ,god w 
be sanctifi$  9 !m t come nigh him1     
,lev4 x4 #c2 & are unsanction$ p]sons   
fit = ?is8 ,& c ! unholy (f] him holy   
wor%ip8 ,! c>nal  m9d is enmity aga9/   
,god2 is x fit !n to s]ve & hon\r him8  
,rom4 i4 #g1 #h4 ,see #b ,cor4 vi4      
#ae-ah4 ,let him t name? ! "n (  ,*ri/  
dep>t f iniquity1 #b ,tim4 ii4 #ai4 ,x  
is a purifi$1  peculi>1 holy p t ,*ri/  
ha? r$eem$ to be ! wor%ipp]s  ( ,god1 & 
z prie/s to (f] him acceptable          
sacrifice1 ,tit4 ii4  #ad2 #a ,pet4 ii4 

#e1 #i4 ,if y w receive ! k+dom t _c be 
mov$1 y mu/ h grace 9 y\r he>ts to s]ve 
,god acceptably )  rev]5ce & godly fe>2 
= our ,god is a consum+ fire1 ,heb4 xii4
  #bh1 #bi4 ,i "k an ungodly p]son1 z   
soon z he ha? any rep5t+  ?\ghts1 mu/   
express !m 9 confession & pray] to ,god4
 ,b z no  pray]s ( an ungodly man are   
pr(itable to him1 b ^? :i* are  acts ( 8
 p5it5t return t[>ds ,god2 s no wor%ip (
 ,god ha? a  promise ( div9e acceptance1
 b t :i* is p]=m$ by su* z  s9c]ely     
return to ,god 7& su* are n ungodly74 ,!
 sacrifice (  ! wick$ is abom9ation to !
 ,"l1 b ! pray] ( ! upright  is 8       
delight1 ,prov4 xv4 #h4 ,i "k ! wick$   
mu/ seek ! ,"l  :ile he may be f\nd1 &  
call ^u him :ile he is ne>2 b x  mu/ be 
9 =sak+ 8 way & ?\ghts1 & turn+ to !    
,"l1  ,isa4 lv4 #f1 #g4 ,simon ,magus   
mu/ fir/ rep5t ( 8 wick$ness1 &  !n pray
 t ! ?\ghts ( 8 he>t may be =giv5 him1  
,acts  viii4 #bb4 ,o come n 9 ?y unholy1
 c>nal /ate to wor%ip ,god1  unless x be
 z a p5it5t return] to him1 to lam5t    

fir/ ?y s9  & mis]y1 t ?\ may/ be       
sanctifi$ & reconcil$1 & fit to  wor%ip 
him4    ,direct4 ,,vi4 ,yet take x n z  
suffici5t t ?\ art 9 a /ate  (          
sanctification1 b also p>ticul>ly       
sanctify ?yself to e  p>ticul> address  
to ,god 9 holy wor%ip4 ,ev5 ! *ild ( a  
k+  w n g rudely 9 dirt & fil?9ess into 
8 fa!r's pres5ce4  ,:o w\ld n se>* 8    
he>t & life1 & cleanse 8 s\l f 8        
p>ticul> pollution1 by r5ew$ rep5tance &
 purposes (  re=mation1 be=e he v5ture  
to speak to ,god8 ,p>ticul> s9s h  made 
sad brea*es betwe5 ,god & 8 *ildr51 &   
made f\l "w 9  s\ls t ! blood ( ,*ri/ _h
 cleans$4 ,se>* !re=e )  fe>1 le/ !re   
%\ld be any reviv+ s91 or any hidd5 root
 (  bitt]ness1 or any transgression :i* 
?\ w9ke/ at or wilfully  *]i%e/ 9       
?yself2 t1 if !re be su*1 ?\ may/ bewail
 &  hate x1 & n come to ,god z if he _h 
laid by 8 hatr$ ( s94    ,direct4 ,,vii4
 ,:5ev] ?\ come/ to wor%ip ,god1 lab\r  
to awak5  ?y s\l to a rev]5t appreh5sion
 ( ! pres5ce1 & greatness1  & hol9ess ( 

8 maje/y1 & to a s]i\s appreh5sion ( !  
greatness & excell5cy ( ! holy "w :i* ?\
 take/ 9 h&4  ,rememb] ) :om ?\ ha/ to  
d1 ,heb4 iv4 #ac4 ,to speak to ,god1 is 
ano!r k9d ( "w ?an to speak to ! greate/
 pr9ce on e>?1  yea1 or ! greate/ angel 
9 heav54 ,be holy1 = ! ,"l y\r ,god  is 
holy4 ,to sanctify ! "n ( ,god1 & come 9
 hol9ess be=e him1  is to appreh5d him z
 inf9itely advanc$ above ! :ole         
creation1  & to come ) he>ts t are      
sep>at$ f common ?+s to him1  & elevat$ 
above a common frame4 ,a common frame 9 
wor%ip 7su* z  we h ab\t our common     
bus9ess7 is m]e pr(an5ess4 ,if x be     
common x is unclean4 ,look to y\r feet  
:5 y g to ! h\se (  ,god1 ,eccl4 v4 #a4 
,put (f ! %oes ( e>?ly1 common1 unhall[$
  affections1 :5ev] y tread on holy     
gr\nd1 t is1 :5 y are  ab\t holy "w1 &  
:5 y draw ne> ! holy ,god4 ,9 rev]5t    
adoration say z ,jacob1 ,h[ dreadful is 
?is place6 ?is is none  o!r b ! h\se (  
,god1 & ?is is ! gate ( heav51 ,g54     
xxviii4 #ag4 ,see ,isa4 vi4 #a1 #c1 #e4 

,direct4 ,,viii4 ,9 ! wor%ip ( ,god1    
rememb] y\r communion )  ! holy angels1 
& ) all ! ho/s ( heav54#g ,y are !      
s]vants ( ! same ,god1 & ?\gh y are yet 
f> bel[ !m1 y  are do+ t :i* t5de? t[>ds
 _! dignity2 = y mu/ be  equal ) !m4    
,y\r "w is p>tly ( ! same k9d ) !irs3 x 
is ! same holy ,maje/y t y admire &     
praise1 ?\gh y see  him yet b z 9 a     
glass4 ,& ! angels are "s ( !m pres5t  )
 y1 & see y1 ?\gh y see n !m3 #a ,cor4  
xi4 #aj1 y are  comm&$ to respect !m 9  
y\r behavi\r 9 ,god's wor%ip4 ,if !  eye
 ( fai? 7 s f> op5$1 z t 9 all y\r      
wor%ipp+ (  ,god1 y saw ! bless$        
companies ( angels1 ?\gh n 9 ! same     
place & mann] ) y1 yet 9 ! same wor%ip &
 9 communion  ) y1 admir+1 magnify+1    
extoll+1 & prais+ ! mo/  glori\s ,god1 &
 ! glorifi$ ,r$eem]1 ) flam+1 f]v5t1    
holy  m9ds1 x w\ld sure d mu* to elevate
 y\r s\ls1 & raise y up  to "s imitation
 or resemblance ( !m4#h ,y f9d t 9      
,god's  public wor%ip1 x is a great help
 to ! s\l1 9 holy *e]fulness  & f]v\r1  

to jo9 ) a full assembly ( holy1 f]v5t1 
*e]ful  wor%ipp]s3 & t x is v difficult 
to ! be/1 to keep up  life & f]v5t      
*e]fulness 9 s small1 or ignorant1 or   
pr(ane a  company1 z :]e !re is no      
consid]able numb] to concur ) u4  ,oh   
!n1 :at a rais+ help w\ld x be1 to      
praise ,god z )9 !  sight & he>+ ( !    
heav5ly praises ( ! angelical *oir6 ,y  
see h[ apt m5 are to be con=m$ to !     
company t !y are 94  ,!y t are among    
danc]s1 or game/]s1 or tippl]s1 or fil?y
  talk]s1 or scorn]s1 or rail]s1 are apt
 to d z ! company do?1  or at lea/ to be
 ! m dispos$ to x4 ,& !y t are among    
sa9ts1 9 holy wor%ip or disc\rse1 are   
apt to imitate !m mu*  m ?an !y w\ld d 9
 o!r company4 ,& :at likeli] way is     
!re1 to make y l angels 9 ! wor%ipp+ (  
,god1 ?an to d  x z 9 ! communion ( !   
angels8 & by fai? to see & he>  !m 9 !  
conc]t8 ,! angels disda9 n to /udy our  
/udies1 &  to le>n by ! *ur* ! manifold 
wisdom ( ,god1 ,eph4 iii4 #aj2 #a  ,pet4
 i4 #ab4 ,!y are n s f> f u1 nor s      

/range to u & our  affairs1 z t we %\ld 
imag9e ourselves to be out ( _!         
communion4 ,?\gh we may n wor%ip !m1    
,col4 ii4 #ah1 we mu/  wor%ip z ) !m4   
,direct4 ,,ix4 ,take special c>e to !   
matt] ( y\r wor%ip1 t x  be su* z is    
agreeable to ! w ( ,god1 to ! hol9ess ( 
8  nature1 & ! directions ( 8 ^w2 & su* 
z ha? a promise (  8 acceptance4 ,(f]   
him n ! sacrifice ( fools1 :o "k n  t !y
 d evil1 & are add+ to _! s9s1 :ile !y  
?9k !y  are pleas+ him4 ,br+ no false   
fire unto 8 alt>s3 let y\r zeal  ( ,god 
be accord+ to k4 ,= no zeal w make a    
corrupt1  unlawful k9d ( wor%ip1 to be  
acceptable unto ,god4#i    ,direct4 ,x4 
,see t y p]=m e "p ( wor%ip to ! prop]  
end to :i* x is appo9t$2 bo? z to !     
ultimate1 remote1 &  ne>e/ end4 ,! end  
is ess5tial to ^! relative duties4 ,if y
  int5d n ! "r end1 y make ano!r ?+ ( x3
 z !  prea*+ ( a s]mon to edify ! *ur*1 
or putt+ up a pray] to  procure ,god's  
bless+s1 is n ! same ?+ z a /age-play]'s
  pr(ane repeat+ ! same words 9 scorn ( 

godl9ess1 or an  hypocrite's us+ !m =   
commodity or applause4 ,! ultimate end (
  all wor%ip & all moral actions is !   
same1 ev5 ! pleas+ &  glorify+ ,god1 #a 
,cor4 x4 #ca2 #b ,tim4 ii4 #d4aj        
,besides :i* e  "p ( wor%ip ha? its     
prop]1 ne>e/ end4 ,^! mu/ n only be     
di/9ctly kn[n1 b actually int5d$4 ,x is 
,god 9 ,*ri/ t a  holy wor%ipp] ?ir/e?  
aft] & seeke? = 9 e "p (  wor%ip1 ei!r  
to "k m ( ,god1 & ( 8 w1 & bless+s2  or 
to h "s m communion ) him1 or "s fur!r  
grace  communicat$ f him1 to receive 8  
p>don+1 or cleans+1 or  quick5+1 or     
confirm+1 or com=t+1 or exalt+ grace2 to
 be  hon\r$ or delight$ 9 8 holy s]vice1
 or to make kn[n 8 grace  & glory = !   
good ( o!rs1 & ! hon\r ( 8 "n4#aa ,"h  x
 is t ,god proclaime? 8 "n1 z ,exod4    
xxxiv4 #f4 ,! ord9ances  ( ,god's wor%ip
 are l ! tree 9 :i* ,zac*eus climb$ up  
7be+  ( himself too l[7 to h a sight (  
,*ri/4 ,"h we come to le>n  ! w ( ,god =
 our salvation2 & mu/ ent] ! assembly ) 
su* resolutions z ,cornelius & 8 company

 met1 ,acts x4 #cc1 ,we are  all "h met 
to he> all ?+s comm&$ !e ( ,god3 & z    
,acts  ii4 #cg1 & ,acts xvi4 #cj1 to    
le>n :at we mu/ d to be sav$4 ,hi!r  we 
come = t holy light1 :i* may %[ u our   
s91 & %[ u  ! grace :i* we h receiv$1 & 
%[ u ! unspeakable love (  ,god1 till we
 are humbl$ = s91 & lift$ up by fai? 9  
,*ri/1  & c ) ,?omas1 z x 71 put our    
f+]s into 8 w\nds1 &  say 9 assurance1  
,my ,"l & my ,god3 & z ,psal4 xlviii4   
#ad1 ,?is  ,god is our ,god = ev] & ev]3
 he w be our guide ev5 unto  dea?4 ,"h  
we d z x 7 ) ,m>y sit at ! feet (       
,jesus1 to  he> 8 ^w1 ,luke x4 #ci1 t   
fire f heav5 may come d[n ^u  our he>ts1
 & we may say1 ,did n our he>ts burn )9 
u :ile  he spake to u1 & :ile he op5$ to
 u ! ,scriptures8 ,luke xxiv4  #cb4 ,"h 
we cry to him z ! bl9d man1 ,m>k x4 #ea1
 ,"l1 t ,i may  receive my sight4 ,we   
cry "h to ! wat*m51 ,cant4 iii4 #c1 ,saw
 ye  him :om my s\l love?4 ,"h we are 9 
8 banquet+ h\se1 "u  ! bann] ( 8 love1  
,cant4 ii4 #d4 ,we h "h ! seal+ &       

quick5+s ( 8 ,_s1 ! mortification ( our 
s91 ! increase  ( grace1 & a prospect   
into et]nal life1 & a =esight ( !       
endless happ9ess !re4 ,see !n t y come  
to ! wor%ip ( ,god  ) ^! int5tions &    
expectations2 t if ,god or consci5ce    
call  to y1 7z ,god did sometime to     
,elias17 ,:at do/ ?\ "h8 y may  truly   
answ]1 ,i came to seek ! ,"l my ,god1 & 
to le>n 8 w  t ,i might d x4 ,& t y\r   
sweet delights may make y say1  ,psal4  
lxxxiv4 #d1 ,bless$ are !y t dwell 9 ?y 
h\se1 !y w  be /ill prais+ !e4 ,if ?\   
come to ! wor%ip ( ,god 9 m]e  cu/om1 or
 to make ?y c>nal he>t believe t ,god w 
=give !e  because ?\ s f> s]ve/ him1 or 
to quiet ?y consci5ce ) !  do+ ( a =mal 
task ( duty1 or to be se5 ( m51 or t ?\ 
may/ n be ?\ght ungodly1 if ^! be ?y    
ends1 ?\ wilt spe$  accord+ly4 ,a holy  
s\l _c live ^u ! air ( man's applause1  
nor ^u ! %ell ( ord9ances1 )\t ,god :o  
is ! k]nel &  ! life ( all3 x is ! love 
( ,god t br+s !m ?i!r1 &  x is love t !y
 are ex]cis+ !re1 & ! end ( love1 ev5  !

 ne>] approa* ( ! s\l to ,god1 :i* !y   
desire & int5d4  ,be sure !n t ^! be !  
true & real int5tions ( ?y he>t4        
,sid5ote3 ,h[ to "k t we h ! "r ends 9  
wor%ip4    ,que/4 ,b h[ %all ,i "k :e!r 
inde$ x be ,god himself t ,i  am seek+1 
& t ,i p]=m 8 wor%ip to ! appo9t$ ends8 
,answ4 ,9 s great a bus9ess x is a %ame 
to be unacqua9t$ )  y\r int5tions4 ,if y
 take he$ :at y d1 & look aft] y\r      
he>ts1 y may "k :at y come =1 & :at is  
y\r bus9ess  !re4 ,b m p>ticul>ly1 y may
 disc]n x by ^! m>ks3 #a4 ,he  t ha? "r 
ends1 & seeke? ,god1 w lab\r to suit all
 8  duties to ^? ends1 & w l t be/ :i*  
is be/ suit$ to  !m2 he w /rive s to    
prea*1 & he>1 & pray1 n z t5ds  mo/ to  
pref]m5t or applause1 b z t5de? mo/ to  
please &  hon\r ,god1 & to atta9 8      
grace2 & he w love t s]mon or  t pray]  
be/1 t is be/ fitt$ to br+ up 8 s\l to  
,god1 &  n t :i* tickle? a c>nal e>4    
,m>k :at y fit ! means to1  & y may     
p]ceive :at is y\r end4 #b4 ,if x be    
,god himself t  y seek aft] 9 8 wor%ip1 

y w n be satisfi$ )\t ,god3  x is n !   
do+ ( ! task t w satisfy y1 nor yet !   
greate/ praise ( m51 no n ( ! mo/ godly 
m52 b s f> z  y h atta9$ y\r end1 9 !   
cleans+1 or quick5+1 or  /r5g!n+ ( !    
s\l1 or gett+ some:at ne>] ,god1 or     
pleas+  or hon\r+ him1 s f> only y w be 
cont5t$4 #c4 ,if ,god be y\r  end1 y w  
be fai?ful 9 ! use ( t m private &      
spiritual wor%ip1 :]e ,god is to be     
f\nd1 ?\gh no human applause  be !re to 
be atta9$4 #d4 ,& y w love /ill ! same  
sub/antial1 necess>y tru? & duty1 :i* is
 to y\r s\ls z bread  & dr9k is to y\r  
bodies2 :5 ^? t h c>nal ends w be  look+
 aft] v>iety & *ange1 & w be we>y ( !   
necess>y  bread ( life4 ,by obs]v+ ^!   
?+s y may disc]n :at are y\r  ends 9    
wor%ip4    ,& "h ,i mu/ n let g ?is     
necess>y direction1 till ,i h  driv5 on 
! read] ) "s m importunity to ! s]i\s   
practice ( x4 ,x is lam5table to see1 h[
 _m turn ! wor%ip (  ,god into vile     
hypocrisy1 & dead =mality2 & (f] ,god a 
c>rion  = a sacrifice2 & yet _!         

consci5ces are s f> f *eck+  !m = ?is   
he9\s s91 t !y are mu* pleas$ & quiet$  
by  x1 z if !y _h des]v$ well ( ,god1 & 
prov$ !mselves v  godly p1 & by ?is s9  
_h made him am5ds = ! common s9s  ( _!  
lives4 ,is x ,god himself1 & 8 sanctify+
 grace1 t  ^? m5 seek aft] 9 8 wor%ip1  
:o hate 8 grace & scorn  sanctification1
 & c leave ,god to be enjoy$ by o!rs1 if
 !y may  b enjoy _! fle%ly pleasures1 & 
ri*es1 & hon\rs 9 !  _w8 ,ev5 ! hat]s ( 
,god & hol9ess are s bl9d$1 z to        
p]suade !mselves t 9 8 wor%ip !y are    
truly seek+ t  ,god & hol9ess :i* !y    
hate4 ,& oh :at a deal ( pa9s is _m  a  
=mal hypocrite at to little purpose2 9  
sp5d+ _m h\rs 9  outside1 he>tless1     
lifeless wor%ip1 :ile !y nev] ?ir/$ aft]
  ,god1 nor aft] a holy con=mity to him1
 communion ) him1 or  fruition ( him1 9 
all _! lives6#ab ,oh :at a deal ( lab\r 
d  ^! ,ph>isees lose 9 bodily ex]cise   
:i* pr(ite? no?+1 =  want ( a "r end 9  
all t !y d6 because x is n ,god t  !y   
seek3 :5 godl9ess is pr(itable to all   

?+s1 #a ,tim4 iv4 #h4  ,& :at is        
godl9ess b ! s\l's devot$ness to ,god1 &
 seek+  aft] him8 ,we h mu* ado to br+  
"s m5 f _! div]sions to  ,god's outw>d  
wor%ip2 b oh h[ mu* h>d] is x to br+ !  
s\l  unfeign$ly to seek ,god 9 t wor%ip 
:]e ! body is pres5t6  ,:5 ,david 9 !   
wild]ness 0 driv5 f ! sanctu>y1 he crie?
  out 9 ! bitt]ness ( 8 s\l1 ,z ! h>t   
pante? aft] !  wat] brooks1 s pante? my 
s\l aft] !e1 ,o ,god3 my s\l ?ir/e?  =  
,god1 = ! liv+ ,god3 :5 %all ,i come &  
appe> be=e ,god8  ,my te>s h be5 my meat
 day & night1 :ile !y cont9ually say    
unto me1 ,:]e is ?y ,god8 ,y see "h t x 
0 ,god himself t  ,david ?ir/$ aft] 9 8 
wor%ip4 ,alas6 :at is all ! outw>d  pomp
 ( wor%ip1 if ,god be n ! end & life (  
all8 ,)\t him  h[ va9 a ?+ w\ld ! words 
( pray]1 & prea*+1 & !  adm9i/ration ( !
 sacram5ts be6 ,x is n ! dead lett]1 b  
! quick5+ ,_s t make? ! dead 9 s9 to    
live2 t  conv9ce? or com=te? ! s\l2 or  
make? ! wor%ipp] holy or  happy4 ,nay1 x
 is "s aggravation ( y\r mis]y1 to be   

de/itute (  true communion ) ,god1 :ile 
y seem to wor%ip him2 & to be f>  f him 
9 ! he>t1 :ile y draw s ne> him ) !     
lips2 to  boa/ ( ! temple ( ! ,"l1 & be 
=sak5 by ! ,"l ( !  temple6 ,t ,cap]naum
 %all be ca/ d[n to hell1 t is b ?us    
lift$ up to heav52 & x w be easi] =     
,sodom 9 ! day (  judgm5t1 ?an = su* z  
_h ! public ord9ances )\t ,god4  ,david 
left ! ark ) ,absalom at ,j]usalem2 b   
,god 0 n )  ,absalom b ) ,david4#ac ,no 
m>vel if su* hypocrites grudge at all  t
 is co/ly 9 ,god's s]vice2 ev5 !        
necess>y ma9t5ance ( !  m9i/]s2 = if !y 
h only ! %ell ( ord9ances )\t ,god1  x w
 sc>ce requite !m = _! co/4 ,no m>vel if
 !y ?9k  all _! pa9s too mu*1 :5 !y take
 up ) ! *aff :i* is  sc>cely wor? _!    
pa9s4 ,no wond] if !y f9d small pleasure
 9  ,god's s]vice2 = :at pleasure is !re
 9 ! husks or *aff1 or 9  a deaf nut8   
,no wond] if !y gr[ no bett]1 no holi]  
or /rong] by  x2 = :at /r5g? w *aff &   
%ad[s bre$8 ,no m>vel if !y  are quickly
 we>y1 & if a little ( su* religion seem

 en\gh1 :5  ! life1 & spirits1 & /r5g?1 
& sweetness is neglect$4 ,o  s9n]s1     
rememb]1 t ,god desire? n y\rs b y1 &   
all y\r  weal? & s]vice is z no?+ to    
him1 if he h n y\rselves  7:5 yet y are 
s little wor? ! hav+74 ,nay1 h[ e>ne/ly 
do?  he sue to h y6 h[ de>ly ha? he     
b\ght y6 he may *all5ge  y z 8 own4     
,answ] ?is k9dness ( ,god aright2 let no
 ord9ance  nor any common m]cy satisfy  
y1 if y h n ,god himself4 ,& to         
enc\rage y let me fur!r tell y1    #a4  
,if x be ,god himself t ?\ seeke/ 9 8   
wor%ip 7s9c]ely7  ?\ %alt f9d him3      
because ?\ ha/ *os5 ! bett] "p1 x  %all 
n be tak5 f !e4#ad ,because ?\ hung]e/ &
 ?ir/e/  aft] him ?\ %alt be satisfi$4  
,:at joyful news is ?is to !  ?ir/y s\l6
 #b4 ,?\ art m welcome to ,god ) ^! high
 desires2  ?is holy ambition & aspir+ ( 
love is only acceptable to him4 ,if  all
 ord9ances be no?+ to !e )\t ,god1 he w 
see t ?\  und]/&e/ ! true use (         
ord9ances1 & put d[n ?y "n among  8     
lov]s1 :om he _c despise4 ,he love? n to

 see m5 debase  _! s\ls1 to fe$ on husks
 & *aff ) hypocrites1 any m ?an  to fe$ 
on fil? & dirt1 ) s5suali/s & worldl+s4 
,z he  accept$ ,solomon's pray] because 
he ask$ n = little ?+s1 b  = great1#ae s
 he is v mu* pleas$ ) ! s\l1 t is       
unsatisfi$ ) all ! _w1 & c be cont5t )  
no?+ l[]  or worse ?an ,god himself4 #c4
 ,nay1 because ?\ seeke/ ,god himself1  
?\ %alt h all ?+s ) him t are wor? !    
hav+1 ,matt4  vi4 #cc2 ,rom4 viii4 #bh4 
,:5 hypocrites h b ! c>cass &  %ad[1 x  
is ?\ t %alt h ! sub/antial food & joy4 
,z  !y t 7 ) ,paul :5 he 0 conv]t$1 did 
he> ! voice b  saw no man1 ,acts ix4 #g2
 s o!rs %all he> ! s\nd ( ! ^w1  & ! "n 
( ,god1 b x is ?\ t %alt see him by fai?
 t  is invisible1 & feel ! p[] &        
efficacy ( all4 ,?\ %alt he>  ,god speak
 to !e1 :5 he t sitte? 9 ! same seat )  
!e1  %all he> no m ?an ! voice ( man4 ,x
 is he t seeke? aft]  ,god 9 8          
ord9ances1 t is religi\s 9 good sadness1
 & is  employ$ 9 a "w1 t is wor?y ( an  
immortal1 rational s\l4 ,!  delights (  

ord9ances z !y are p]=m$ by man1 w sav\r
 (  8 imp]fections1 & ta/e ( ! in/rum5t1
 & h a bitt]ness  (t5 mix$ ) ! sweet2 :5
 ! delight t come? f ,god  himself w be 
m pure4 ,ord9ances are unc]ta93 y may h 
!m  to-day1 & lose !m to-morr[6 :5 ,god 
is ev]la/+1 &  ev]la/+ly to be enjoy$4  
,o !re=e take n up %ort ( ,god1 9  any (
 8 wor%ip1 b be=e y set ^u x1 call up   
y\r s\ls to  m9d ! end1 & tell !m :at y 
are go+ to d1 t y miss  n ( ! end = want
 ( seek+ x4 ,! devil w give             
hypocritical worldl+s leave to play !m )
 ! mo/ excell5t  ord9ances1 if he c b   
keep ,god out ( sight1 ev5 z y w let    
y\r *ildr5 play !m ) a box ( gold1 z    
long z x is %ut1  & !y see n :at is )94 
,direct4 ,,xi4 ,be labori\s ) y\r he>ts 
9 all ,god's wor%ip to  keep !m employ$ 
on _! duty2 & be wat*ful ov] !m1 le/ !y 
slug or w&]4#af ,rememb] t x is he>t "w 
t y are  pr9cipally ab\t4 ,& !re=e see t
 y\r he>ts be all ! :ile  at "w4 ,take  
y\rselves z idle :5 y\r he>ts are idle4 
,& if y  take n pa9s ) !m1 h[ little    

pa9s w !y take 9 duty6 ,if  y wat* !m n1
 h[ quickly w !y lie d[n1 & =get :at  !y
 are do+1 & fall asleep :5 y are 9      
treaty ) ,god6 ,h[  easily w !y turn    
aside1 & be ?9k+ ( imp]t95t vanities6   
,wat* !re=e unto pray] & e duty1 #a     
,pet4 iv4 #g2 #b ,tim4 iv4  #e4         
,direct4 ,,xii4 ,look up to heav5 z t   
:i* all y\r duties t5d  to1 t f !nce y  
may fet* y\r enc\rag+ motives4 ,d all z 
a means to life et]nal2 sep>ate no duty 
f its rew>d & end4 ,z  ! travell]       
rememb]e? :i!r he is go+ all ! way1 & a 
desir$ end do? make ! f\le/ /eps seem   
tol]able2 s ?9k 9  e pray] y put up1 & 9
 e duty1 t x is all = heav54    ,direct4
 ,,xiii4 ,dep5d ^u ! ,_s ( ,god = help4 
,y _c  seek ,god spiritually &          
acceptably )\t him4 ,?9k n t y  are     
suffici5t to wor%ip ,god aright )\t 8   
help4 ,:]e ?is is  despis$ or neglect$1 
y see :at lam5table "w is made by bl9d1 
corrupt$ nature 9 ,god's s]vice4 ,s5sual
 wret*es t h n !  ,_s1 are fitt] = any  
?+ ?an to wor%ip ,god4#ag ,if he t  ha? 

n ! ,_s ( ,*ri/ be none ( 81 ,rom4 viii4
 #i1 !n he  t pret5ds to wor%ip ,god )\t
 ! ,_s ( ,*ri/1 c ill  ?9k to be he>d = 
! sake ( ,*ri/4    ,direct4 ,,xiv4 ,look
 also to y\r tongues & ! deportm5t ( y\r
  bodies1 t ! :ole man may wor%ip ,god 9
 hol9ess z he  require?4 ,pret5d n y\r  
good mean+s1 nor ! spirituality (  y\r  
wor%ip1 to excuse y f wor%ipp+ also )   
y\r bodies4  ,y\r he>ts mu/ be fir/     
look$ to2 b y\r words & bodies mu/ be   
next look$ to2 & if y reg>d n ^!1 x is  
h>dly cr$ible  t y reg>d y\r he>ts4 #a4 
,y\r words & ge/ures are ! due          
expression ( y\r he>ts2 & ! he>t w      
desire to express itself  z x is4 ,_m   
w\ld express _! he>ts to be bett] ?an !y
 are2  & !re=e good expressions are (t  
to be suspect$4 ,b few w\ld  express _! 
he>ts z worse ?an !y are2 & !re=e bad   
appe>ances d seldom lie4 #b4 ,y\r words 
& actions are ne$ful to  ! due hon\r+ ( 
,god4 ,z evil words & actions d di%on\r 
him1  & ! unseemly1 disord]ly p]=mance (
 8 s]vice1 is v  injuri\s to su* holy   

?+s2 s y\r meet & comely words &        
ge/ures are ! ext]nal beauty ( ! wor%ip 
:i* y p]=m2 &  ,god %\ld be s]v$ ) !    
be/4 #c4 ,y\r words & ge/ures reflect   
mu* on y\r own he>ts4 ,z acts t5d to !  
increase ( ! habits2  s ! ext]nal       
expressions t5d to increase ! int]nal   
affections1  :e!r !y be good or evil4   
#d4 ,y\r words & ge/ures mu/ be  reg>d$ 
= ! good ( o!rs1 :o see n y\r he>ts1 b  
by ^!  expressions4 ,& :]e _m h         
communion 9 wor%ipp+ ,god1 su*  acts (  
communion are ( great reg>d4    #a ,qui 
totos dies precabantur et immolabant1 ut
 sui lib]i sibi  sup]/ites ess5t1       
sup]/itiosi sunt appellati1 quod nom5   
patuit  po/ea latius4 ,qui autem omnia1 
qu ad cultum ,deorum p]t9]5t1  dilig5t] 
retract>5t1 et tanquam releg]5t1 sunt   
dicti religiosi1  ex releg5do2 ut       
elegantes ex elig5do1 a dilig5do        
dilig5tes1 ex  intellig5do intellig5tes4
 ,sup]/itiosi et religiosi1 alt]um vitii
  nom51 alt]um laudis4 ,cic]4 ,nat4     
,deor4 lib4 ii4 pag4 #gc1 #gd4    #b ,if

 !y t s]ve _! ,god ) m]e words1 &       
c]emony1 &  mimical actions1 7 s s]v$   
!mselves1 !y might be sil5c$  )         
,ari/ippus's def5ce ( 8 gallantry &     
sumptu\s f>e1 ,si  vitup]&um1 ait1 hoc  
esset1 9 celebritatibus deorum pr(ecto  
non  fi]et4 ,la]t4 9 ,ari/ip4 ,s ,plato 
all[$ drunk5ness only 9 !  fea/s (      
,bac*us4    #c ,read ,mr4 ,h]b]t's ,poem
 call$ ,provid5ce4    #d ,psal4 xlv4    
#aa2 lxvi4 #d2 lxxxvi4 #i2 xcv4 #f2     
xcix4 #e4    #e ,heb4 viii4 #c4    #f   
,heb4 vii4 #bg1 #bh2 ix4 #bf1 #bh2 x4   
#ai-bb1 #ac1 #bd2 vi4 #bj2 vii4 #be1    
#bf2 ,matt4 xvii4 #e2 ,john xi4 #db4    
#g ,luke xx4 #cf2 see ,eccl4 v4 #e2     
,psal4 cxxxviii4 #a2 ,isa4 vi4 #b4    #h
 ,see ,mr4 ,ambrose's book ( ,communion 
) ,angels2 & ,zan*y on !  same subject3 
& ,mr4 ,lawr5ce's & ,dr4 ,hammond's     
,annotat4 on #a ,cor4  xii4    #i       
,adult]ium e/1 impium e/1 sacrilegium   
e/1 quodcunque humano  furore           
in/ituitur1 ut dispositio ,div9a        
violetur4 ,cyprian4 ,eccl4 v4  #a1 #b2  

,lev4 x4 #a-c2 ,rom4 x4 #b1 #c4    #aj  
#a ,!ss4 ii4 #d2 ,col4 i4 #aj2 ,john    
viii4 #bi2 #a ,cor4 vii4 #cb2 ,heb4  xi4
 #f2 #a ,john iii4 #bb4    #aa ,psal4   
xlii42 lxxxiv4    #ab #b ,tim4 iii4 #e2 
#a ,tim4 iv4 #g4    #ac ,isa4 xxix4 #ac2
 ,matt4 xv4 #h2 xi4 #bc1 #bd2 #b ,sam4  
xv4 #be1 #bh1 #bi4    #ad ,luke x4 #db4 
#ae #b ,*ron4 i4 #aj-ab4    #af ,eph4   
vi4 #ah2 ,luke xxi4 #cf2 ,rev4 iii4 #c2 
,col4 iv4 #b2 ,matt4 xiii4  #cc-cg4     
#ag ,jude #ai4          ,,*apt] ,,ii4   
,,directions ,,ab\t ,,! ,,mann] ,,(     
,,wor%ip1 ,,to ,,avoid ,,all            
,,corruptions1 ,,&  ,,false1            
,,unacceptable ,,wor%ipp+ ,,( ,,god4    
,! lam5table cont5tions t h aris5 ab\t !
 mann] ( ,god's  wor%ip1 & ! cruelty1 & 
blood1 & divisions1 & un*>itable        
revil+s :i* h !nce foll[$1 & also !     
necess>y reg>d  t e *ri/ian mu/ h to    
wor%ip ,god accord+ to 8 w1  d make x   
ne$ful t ,i give y "s directions 9 ?is  
case4    ,direct4 ,i4 ,be sure t y      
s]i\sly & fai?fully practise t  inw>d   

wor%ip ( ,god1 9 :i* ! life ( religion  
do? consi/3 z  to love him above all1 to
 fe> him1 believe him1 tru/ him1 delight
 9  him1 be zeal\s = him2 & t y\r he>ts 
be sanctifi$ unto ,god1  & set ^u heav5 
& hol9ess3 = ?is w be an unspeakable    
help  to set y "r 9 mo/ controv]sies    
ab\t ! wor%ipp+ (  ,god4#ah ,no?+ ha? s 
mu* fill$ ! *ur* ) cont5tions1 &        
divisions1 & cruelties ab\t ,god's      
wor%ip1 z ! agitat+ (  ^! controv]sies  
by unholy1 unexp]i5c$ p]sons3 :5 m5 t   
hate a holy life1 & holy p]sons1 & !    
hol9ess ( ,god himself1  mu/ be !y t    
dispute :at mann] ( wor%ip mu/ be (f]$  
to  ,god by !mselves & o!rs1 & :5 !     
controv]sies ab\t ,god's  s]vice are    
fall5 into ! h&s ( ^? t hate all s]i\s  
s]v+ ( him1 y may easily "k :at "w !y w 
make ( x4 ,z  if sick m5 7 to det]m9e or
 dispute :at meat & dr9k  !mselves & all
 o!r m5 mu/ live ^u1 & none mu/ eat b by
  _! prescripts1 mo/ heal?ful m5 w\ld   
?9k x h>d to live 9  su* a c\ntry4 ,z m5
 are )91 s w !y incl9e to wor%ip ,god   

)\t4 ,outw>d wor%ip is b ! expression ( 
inw>d wor%ip2 he  t ha? a he>t repl5i%$ 
) ! love & fe> ( ,god1 w be  apt to     
express x by su* mann] ( wor%ip1 z do?  
mo/ lively &  s]i\sly express ! love &  
fe> ( ,god4 ,if ! he>t be a /rang]  or  
an enemy to ,god1 no m>vel if su* wor%ip
 him accord+ly4 ,o c\ld  we b help all  
cont5d]s ab\t wor%ip to ! inw>d light1 &
  life1 & love1 & exp]i5ce ( holy1 s]i\s
 *ri/ians1 !y w\ld  f9d en\gh 9         
!mselves1 & _! exp]i5ces1 to decide     
abundance  ( controv]sies ( ?is k9d     
7?\gh /ill !re w be "s1 t  require also 
o!r helps to decide !m47 ,x is v        
obs]vable 9 all  times ( ! *ur*1 h[ 9   
controv]sies ab\t ,god's wor%ip1 !      
g5]ality ( ! godly1 s]i\s p1 & !        
g5]ality ( !  ungodly & ludicr\s        
wor%ipp]s1 are ord9>ily ( diff]+        
judgm5ts6 & :at a /roke ! temp] ( ! s\l 
ha? 9 !  det]m9ation ( su* cases6       
,direct4 ,,ii4 ,be s]i\s & dilig5t also 
9 all ^? p>ts ( !  outw>d wor%ip ( ,god 
t all sob] *ri/ians are agre$ 94 ,= if  

y be neglig5t & false 9 s mu* z y       
confess1 y\r judgm5t  ab\t ! controv]t$ 
"p is n mu* to be reg>d$4 ,god is n s   
likely to direct pr(ane ones &          
false-he>t$ hypocrites1 & bless  !m ) a 
s\nd judgm5t 9 holy ?+s1 7:]e _! lives  
%[  t _! practical judgm5ts are         
corrupt17 z ! s9c]e t obey  him 9 t :i* 
he reveale? to !m4 ,we are all agre$ t  
,god's  ^w mu/ be y\r daily m$itation & 
delight1 ,psal4 i4 #b2 & t  y %\ld speak
 ( x ly+ d[n & ris+ up1 at home &       
abroad1 ,deut4 vi4 #f-h2 & t we mu/ be  
con/ant1 f]v5t1 &  importunate 9 pray]1 
bo? 9 public & private1 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ag2
  ,luke xviii4 #a2 ,james v4 #af4 ,d y  
p]=m ?is mu* fai?fully or  n8 ,if y d1 y
 may ! m confid5tly expect t ,god %\ld  
fur!r reveal 8 w to y1 & resolve y\r    
d\bts1 & guide y  9 ! way t is pleas+ to
 him4 ,b if y omit ! duty t all  are    
agre$ on1 & be unfai?ful & neglig5t 9   
:at y "k1 h[  unmeet are y to dispute   
ab\t ! controv]t$ circum/ances (  duty6 
,to :at purpose is x t y m$dle 9 su*    

controv]sies8 ,d  y d x wilfully to     
condemn y\rselves be=e ,god1 & %ame     
y\rselves be=e m51 by decl>+ ! hypocrisy
 :i* aggravate?  y\r ungodl9ess8 ,:at a 
loa?some & pitiful ?+ is x1 to he> a    
man bitt]ly reproa* ^? :o diff] f him 9 
"s circum/ances  ( wor%ip1 :5 he himself
 nev] s]i\sly wor%ipp$ ,god at all6  :5 
he m$itate? n on ! ^w ( ,god1 & in/ead (
 delight+  9 x1 make? light ( x1 z if x 
little conc]n$ him2 & is  acqua9t$ ) no 
o!r pray] ?an a little cu/om>y          
lip-s]vice6  ,is su* an ungodly neglect]
 ( all ! s]i\s wor%ip ( ,god1 a fit     
p]son to fill ! _w ) qu>rels ab\t !     
mann] ( 8  wor%ip8    ,direct4 ,,iii4   
,diff] n 9 ,god's wor%ip f ! common s5se
 (  ! mo/ fai?ful1 godly *ri/ians1 )\t  
great suspicion ( y\r  own und]/&+s1 & a
 mo/ dilig5t trial ( ! case4 ,= if 9    
su* practical cases ! common s5se ( !   
fai?ful be aga9/ y1  x is to be suspect$
 t ! tea*+ ( ,god's ,_s is aga9/  y2 = !
 ,_s ( ,god do? pr9cipally tea* 8       
s]vants 9 !  matt] ( wor%ip & ob$i5ce4  

,sid5ote3 ,! disadvantages ( ungodly m5 
9 judg+ ( holy  wor%ip4    ,!re are     
sev]al errors t ,i am "h w>n+ y to      
avoid3 #a4 ,!  error ( !m t r incl9e to 
! judgm5t ( ! ungodly  multitude1 :o    
nev] knew :at x 0 to wor%ip ,god 9 _s & 
tru?4 ,consid] ! great disadvantages (  
^! m5 to judge aright  9 su* a case4    
7#a47 ,!y mu/ judge !m )\t t tea*+ ( !  
,_s1 by :i* ?+s spiritual are to be     
disc]n$1 #a ,cor4 ii4 #ac1  #ae4 ,he t  
is bl9d 9 s9 mu/ judge ( ! my/]ies (    
godl9ess4  7#b47 ,!y mu/ judge q contr>y
 to _! natures & incl9ations1  or aga9/ 
! diseas$ habits ( _! wills3 & if y call
 a  drunk>d to judge ( ! evil (         
drunk5ness1 or a :oremong] to  judge ( !
 evil ( =nication1 or a covet\s1 or a   
pr\d1 or a  passionate man to judge ( _!
 sev]al s9s1 h[ p>tial w !y  be6 ,& s w 
an ungodly man be 9 judg+ ( ! duties (  
godl9ess4 ,y set him to judge ( t :i* he
 hate?4 #c4 ,y set  him to judge ( t :i*
 he is unacqua9t$ )3 x is l he  nev]    
?or\ghly /udi$ x2 b x is c]ta9 he nev]  

s]i\sly  tri$ x1 nor ha? ! exp]i5ce (   
^?1 t h long made x a  great "p ( !     
bus9ess ( _! lives4 ,& w\ld y n soon]   
take a man's judgm5t 9 physic1 t ha?    
made x ! /udy &  practice ( 8 life1 ?an 
a sick man's t speake? aga9/ t  :i* he  
nev] /udi$ or practis$1 m]ely because 8 
own /oma* is  aga9/ x8 ,or w y n soon]  
take ! judgm5t ( an anci5t  pilot ab\t  
navigation1 ?an "o's t 0 nev] at sea8 ,!
  diff]5ce is z great 9 ?is pres5t case4
    #b4 ,& ,i speak ?is also to w>n y ( 
ano!r error1 t y pref]  n ! judgm5t ( a 
sect or p>ty1 or "s few godly p1 aga9/  
! common s5se ( ! g5]ality ( ! fai?ful2 
= ! ,_s (  ,god is likeli] to h =sak5 a 
small "p ( godly p1 ?an  ! g5]ality1 9  
su* p>ticul> op9ions1 :i* ev5 good m5   
may  be =sak5 93 or if x be 9 great]    
?+s1 x is m unreasonable  & m un*>itable
 = me to suspect t mo/ t seem godly are 
hypocrites & =sak5 ( ,god1 ?an t a p>ty 
or "s few are s4    ,direct4 ,,iv4 ,yet 
d n absolutely give up y\rselves to !   
judgm5t  ( any 9 ! wor%ipp+ ( ,god1 b   

only use ! advice ( m5 9 a  due         
subord9ation to ! w ( ,god1 & ! tea*+ ( 
,jesus  ,*ri/4 ,o!rwise y w set man 9 ! 
place ( ,god1 & w  reject ,*ri/ 9 8     
prophetical (fice1 z mu* z us+          
co-ord9ate  m$iators is a reject+ him 9 
8 prie/ly (fice4 ,none mu/ be  call$    
ma/]1 b 9 subord9ation to ,*ri/1 because
 he is our  ,ma/]1 ,matt4 xxiii4 #h-aj4 
,direct4 ,v4 ,condemn n all t 9 o!rs1   
:i* y d>e n d  y\rselves2 & practise n  
all t y\rselves1 :i* y d>e n  condemn 9 
o!rs4#ai ,= y are m capable ( judg+ 9   
y\r own  cases1 & b\nd to d x ) m       
exactness & dilig5t inquiry1  ?an 9 !   
case ( o!rs4 ,(ttimes a rational d\bt   
may necessitate  y to susp5d y\r        
practice1 z y\r belief or judgm5t is    
susp5d$2  :5 yet x w n all[ y to condemn
 ano!r ^: judgm5t &  practice ha? no su*
 susp5sion4 ,only y may d\bt :e!r he be 
9  ! "r1 z y d\bt z to y\rself4 ,& yet y
 may n !re=e  v5ture to d all t y d>e n 
condemn 9 him2 = !n y mu/  wilfully     
commit all ! s9s 9 ! _w1 :i* y\r        

weakness %all  make a d\bt or controv]sy
 (4    ,direct4 ,,vi4 ,(f] ,god no      
wor%ip t is cle>ly contr>y to 8  nature 
& p]fections1 b su* z is suit$ to him z 
he is reveal$  to y 9 8 ^w4 ,?us ,*ri/  
tea*e? u1 to wor%ip ,god z he is3  & ?us
 ,god (t5 calle? = holy wor%ip1 because 
he is holy4#bj  #a4 ,god is a ,_s3 !re=e
 !y t wor%ip him1 mu/ wor%ip him  9 _s &
 9 tru?2 7:i* ,*ri/ oppose? to m]e      
ext]nal  c]emony or %ad[s27 = ! ,fa!r   
seeke? su* to wor%ip him1  ,john iv4    
#bc1 #bd4 #b4 ,god is incompreh5sible1 &
 inf9itely di/ant  f u3 !re=e wor%ip him
 ) admiration1 & make n ei!r  visible or
 m5tal images ( him1 nor debase him by  
undue resemblance  ( him to any ( 8     
creatures4#ba #c4 ,god is omnipres5t1 & 
!re=e y may e :]e lift up holy h&s to   
him1 #a ,tim4 ii4 #h4  ,& y mu/ always  
wor%ip him z 9 8 sight4 #d4 ,god is     
omnisci5t1  & kn[e? y\r he>ts1 & !re=e  
let y\r he>ts be employ$ &  wat*$ 9 8   
wor%ip4 #e4 ,god is mo/ wise1 & !re=e n 
to be  wor%ipp$ ludicr\sly ) toys1 z    

*ildr5 are pleas$ ) to  quiet !m1 b )   
wise & rational wor%ip4 #f4 ,god is mo/ 
great1  & !re=e to be wor%ipp$ ) !      
greate/ rev]5ce &  s]i\sness2 & n       
presumptu\sly1 ) a c>eless m9d1 or  w&]+
 ?\ghts1 or rude expressions4 #g4 ,god  
is mo/ good &  graci\s1 & !re=e n to be 
wor%ipp$ ) backw>dness1  unwill+ness1 & 
we>9ess1 b ) great delight4 #h4 ,god is 
mo/  m]ciful 9 ,*ri/1 & !re=e n to be   
wor%ipp$ despair+ly1  b 9 joyful hope4  
#i4 ,god is true & fai?ful1 & !re=e to  
be  wor%ipp$ believ+ly & confid5tly1 & n
 9 di/ru/ &  unbelief4 #aj4 ,god is mo/ 
holy1 & !re=e to be wor%ipp$ by  holy   
p]sons1 9 a holy mann]1 & n by unholy   
he>ts or lips1 nor  9 a common mann]1 z 
if we _h to d b ) a man4 #aa4 ,he is !  
,mak] ( y\r s\ls & bodies1 & !re=e to be
 wor%ipp$ bo?  ) s\l & body4 #ab4 ,he is
 y\r ,r$eem] & ,savi\r1 & !re=e  to be  
wor%ipp$ by y z s9n]s 9 ! humble s5se ( 
y\r s9 &  mis]y1 & z r$eem$ ones 9 !    
?ankful s5se ( 8 m]cy1 &  all 9 ord] to 
y\r fur!r cleans+1 heal+1 & recov]y4    

#ac4 ,he  is y\r ,reg5]ator &           
,sanctifi]1 & !re=e to be wor%ipp$ n  9 
! confid5ce ( y\r natural suffici5cy1 b 
by ! light1 &  love1 & life ( ! ,holy   
,gho/4 #ad4 ,he is y\r absolute ,"l1 &  
! ,own] ( y & all y h1 & !re=e to be    
wor%ipp$ )  ! absolute resignation (    
y\rself & all1 & hon\r$ ) y\r  sub/ance1
 & n hypocritically1 ) exceptions &     
res]ves4 #ae4  ,he is y\r sov]eign ,k+1 
& !re=e to be wor%ipp$ accord+ to  8    
laws1 ) an ob$i5t k9d ( wor%ip1 & n aft]
 !  traditions ( m51 nor ! w or wisdom (
 ! fle%4#bb #af4 ,he is  y\r heav5ly    
,fa!r1 & !re=e all ^! holy dispositions 
%\ld  be summ$ up into ! /ronge/ love1 &
 y %\ld run to him )  ! greate/         
read9ess1 & re/ 9 him ) ! greate/ joy1 &
  ?ir/ aft] ! full fruition ( him ) !   
greate/ ( y\r  desires1 & press t[>ds   
him = himself ) ! mo/ f]v5t &           
importunate suits4 ,all ^! ! v be+ &    
p]fections ( ,god  w tea* y 9 8 wor%ip3 
& !re=e if any controv]t$  wor%ip be    
c]ta9ly contr>y to any ( ^!1 x is       

c]ta9ly  unw>rant$ & unacceptable unto  
,god4    ,direct4 ,,vii4 ,pret5d n to   
wor%ip ,god by t :i* is  de/ructive1 or 
contr>y to ! ends ( wor%ip4 ,= !        
aptitude (  x z a means to its prop]    
end1 is ess5tial to x4 ,n[ ! ends (     
wor%ip are1 #a4 ,! hon\r+ ( ,god4 #b4 ,!
 edify+ ( ourselves 9  hol9ess1 &       
delight+ our s\ls 9 ! contemplation &   
praises (  8 p]fections4 #c4 ,!         
communicat+ ?is k1 hol9ess1 &  delight  
to o!rs1 & ! increase ( 8 actual k+dom 9
 !  _w4 7#a47 ,avoid !n all t pret5d$   
wor%ip :i* di%on\re?  ,god 7n 9 ! op9ion
 ( c>nal m51 t judge ( him by _! own    
misguid$ imag9ations1 b accord+ to !    
discov]y ( himself to  u 9 8 works &    
^w74 ,_m travell]s t h conv]s$ )  !     
sob]] hea!n & ,mahometan nations1 tell  
u1 t x is n !  lea/ h9d]ance ( _!       
conv]sion1 & cause ( _! contempt (      
*ri/ianity1 to see ! *ri/ians t live    
ab\t !m1 to wor%ip  ,god s ignorantly1  
irrationally1 & *ildi%ly1 z _m ( !m     
d4#bc 7#b47 ,affect mo/ t mann] ( wor%ip

 7ct]is p>ibus7  :i* t5de? mo/ to y\r   
own "r in=mation1 & holy resolutions  & 
affections1 & to br+ up y\r s\ls into   
ne>] communion &  delight 9 ,god3 & n t 
:i* t5de? to deceive1 or flatt]1 or     
div]t y f him1 nor to be 9 y\r e>s z    
s\nd+ brass1 or a  t9kl+ cymbal1 or z "o
 t is play+ y a lesson ( music2 &  t5de?
 n to make y bett]4 7#c47 ,affect n t   
mann] ( wor%ip  :i* is an enemy to k1 & 
t5de? to keep up ignorance 9  ! _w3 su* 
z is a great "p ( ! popi% wor%ip1       
especially  _! read+ ! ,scriptures to ! 
p 9 an unkn[n tongue1 &  celebrat+ _!   
public pray]s1 & praises1 & sacram5ts 9 
an  unkn[n tongue1 & _! seldom prea*+1 &
 !n tea*+ !  p to take up ) a multitude 
( toyi% c]emonies1 in/ead (  k &        
rational wor%ip4 ,c]ta9ly t :i* is an   
enemy to  k1 is an enemy to all hol9ess 
& true ob$i5ce1 & to !  ends ( wor%ip1 &
 !re=e is no acceptable wor%ipp+ ( ,god4
  7#d47 ,affect n t pret5d$ wor%ip :i*  
is ( itself de/ructive  ( true hol9ess3 
su* z is ! prea*+ ( false doctr9e1 n    

accord+ to godl9ess1 & ! opposition &   
reproa*+ ( a holy  life & wor%ip1 9 !   
misapplication ( true doctr9e2 & !n     
tea*+ poor s\ls to satisfy !mselves ) _!
 mass1 & mass  c]emonies1 & an image (  
wor%ip1 in/ead ( s]i\s hol9ess1  :i* is 
oppos$3 ,prov4 xxiv4 #bd1 ,he t sai? to 
! wick$1 ,?\  art righte\s1 him %all ! p
 curse1 nations %all abhor him4  ,& if  
?is be done z a wor%ip ( ,god1 y may    
h5ce judge h[  acceptable x w be3 ,isa4 
v4 #bj1 ,woe unto !m t call evil good1  
& good evil2 t put d>kness = light1 &   
light = d>kness2  t put bitt] = sweet1 &
 sweet = bitt]6 ,to make p  believe t   
hol9ess is b hypocrisy1 or a ne$less ?+1
 or t  ! image ( hol9ess is hol9ess     
itself1 or t !re is no great  diff]5ce  
betwe5 ! godly & ungodly1 do? all t5d to
 m5's  p]dition1 & to damn m5 by deceiv+
 !m1 & to root out hol9ess  f ! e>?4    
,see ,ezek4 xxii4 #bf2 xliv4 #bc2 ,j]4  
xv4 #ai4 ,if ?\  take =? ! preci\s f !  
vile1 ?\ %alt be z my m\?1  ,mal4 iii4  
#ah2 ,psal4 i42 xv4 7#e47 ,affect n a   

dead & he>tless way  ( wor%ip1 :i* t5de?
 n to conv9ce & wak5 ! ungodly1 nor  to 
make m5 s]i\s z ^? t h to d ) ,god4     
,direct4 ,,viii4 ,let ! mann] ( y\r     
wor%ipp+ ,god be suit$ to  ! matt] t y h
 9 h&4 ,rememb] t y are speak+  ei!r to 
or ( ! et]nal ,god2 t y are employ$ ab\t
 !  ev]la/+ salvation ( y\r own or o!rs'
 s\ls2 t all is high  & holy t y h to d3
 see !n t ! mann] be answ]able  h]eunto4
    ,direct4 ,,ix4 ,(f] ,god no?+ z a "p
 ( wor%ip :i* is a lie2  mu* less s     
gross a lie z to be disprov$ by ! common
 s5ses &  reason ( all ! _w4 ,god ne$e? 
n our lie unto 8 glory4#bd  ,:at wor%ip 
!n d papi/s (f] him 9 _! mass1 :o take x
 =  an article ( _! fai?1 t !re is no   
bread or w9e left aft]  ! consecration1 
x be+ all transub/antiate into ! v body 
&  blood ( ,*ri/8 ,& :5 ! c]ta9ty ( all 
m5's s5ses is  r5\nc$1 !n all c]ta9ty ( 
fai? & all religion is r5\nc$2  = all   
presuppose ! c]ta9ty ( s5se4    ,direct4
 ,x4 ,wor%ip n ,god 9 a mann] t is      
contr>y to ! true  nature1 & ord]1 &    

op]ations ( a rational s\l4 ,i mean n to
  ! corrupt$ nature ( man1 b to nature z
 rational 9 itself  consid]$4 ,z1 #a4   
,let n y\r m]e w & incl9ation ov]rule   
y\r und]/&+s2 & say n z bl9d lov]s d1 ,i
 love ?is1 b  ,i "k n :y2 or *ildr5 t   
eat un:olesome meat1 because !y  love   
x4#be #b4 ,let n passion ov]top y\r     
reason3 wor%ip ,god )  su* a zeal z is  
accord+ to k4 #c4 ,let n y\r tongues    
lead  y\r he>ts1 mu* less ov]go !m3     
words may inde$ reflect ^u !  he>t1 &   
w>m x m2 b t is b ! second>y use3 ! fir/
  is to be ! expressions ( ! he>t3 y mu/
 n speak )\t or  aga9/ y\r he>ts1 7t is1
 falsely17 t by s speak+ y may  bett]   
y\r he>ts 7& make ! words true1 t at    
fir/ 7 n  true72 unless x be :5 y\r     
words are b read+ recitations or        
n>ratives1 & n spok5 ( y\rselves4 ,!    
he>t 0 made to lead  ! tongue1 & !      
tongue to express x1 & n to lead x4     
,!re=e speak n to ,god ei!r ! words ( a 
p>rot1 :i* y d  n und]/&1 or ! words ( a
 li> or hypocrite1 :i* express n  !     

mean+1 or desires1 or feel+ ( y\r he>ts3
 b fir/  und]/& & feel :at y %\ld speak1
 & !n speak t :i*  y und]/& & feel4     
,que/4 ,h[ !n c a pray] be lawful t is  
read or he>d f a  book8    ,answ4 ,!re  
is 9 read+ ! eye1 & 9 he>+ ! e>1 t is   
fir/ to affect ! he>t1 & !n ! tongue is 
to p]=m its  (fice4 ,& ?\gh x be sudd51 
yet ! passage to ! he>t is  fir/1 & !   
passage f ! he>t is la/3 & ! s\l is     
quick1  & c quickly ?us bo? receive & be
 affect$ & express itself4  ,& ! case is
 ! same 9 ?is1 :e!r x be f a book1 or f 
! words ( ano!r )\t book3 = ! s\l mu/ d 
! same1 z  quickly1 9 jo9+ ) ano!r t    
speake? be=e u1 )\t a  book z ) x4      
,sid5ote3 ,h[ f> ! ,scripture is ! law  
or rule ( wor%ip &  discipl9e1 & h[ f>  
n4    ,direct4 ,,xi4 ,und]/& well h[ f> 
,*ri/ ha? giv5 a law & a  rule = wor%ip 
to 8 *ur* 9 ! holy ,scriptures1 & s f>  
see  t y take x z a p]fect rule1 & sw]ve
 n f x by add+  or dim9i%+4 ,?is is a   
matt] ( great importance by reason ( !  
dang] ( err+ on ei!r side4 #a4 ,if y ?9k

 t ! ,scripture  conta9e? n any law or  
rule ( wor%ip at all1 or n s mu* z      
inde$ x do?1 y w d5y a pr9cipal "p ( !  
(fice (  ,*ri/1 z ! ,k+ & ,tea*] ( !    
*ur*1 & w accuse 8  laws ( insuffici5cy1
 & be tempt$ to wor%ip him ) a human k9d
  ( wor%ip1 & to ?9k y\rselves at lib]ty
 to wor%ip him  accord+ to y\r own      
imag9ations1 or *ange 8 wor%ip accord+  
to  ! fa%ion ( ! age or ! c\ntry :]e y  
are4 ,& on ! o!r  side1 if y ?9k t !    
,scripture is a law & rule ( wor%ip1  m 
p>ticul> ?an ,*ri/ int5d$ x1 y w involve
 y\rselves  & o!rs 9 endless scruples & 
controv]sies1 & f9d fault )  t :i* is   
lawful & a duty1 because y f9d x n      
p>ticul>ly  9 ! ,scripture3 & !re=e x is
 exce$+ ne$ful to und]/&  h[ f> x is    
int5d$ to be h]e9 our law & rule1 & h[  
f> n3  to h&le ?is fully w\ld be a      
digression1 b ,i %all briefly answ]  x4 
#a4 ,no d\bt b ,*ri/ is ! only univ]sal 
,head & ,lawgiv] to 8  *ur*4#bf ,& t    
legislation is ! fir/ & pr9cipal "p (   
gov]nm5t3 & !re=e if he _h made no laws 

= 8 *ur*1 he  7 n ! full gov]nor ( x4 ,&
 !re=e he t arrogate?  ?is p[] to       
himself to be lawgiv] to ! *ur* univ]sal
 7z su*7  do? usurp ! k+ly (fice (      
,*ri/1 & committe? treason aga9/  8     
gov]nm5t2 7unless he c prove t ,*ri/ ha?
 delegat$ to him  ?is *ief "p ( 8       
gov]nm5t1 :i* none c d27 !re be+ no     
univ]sal lawgiv] to ! *ur* b ,*ri/1     
7:e!r pope or  c\ncil17 no law t is made
 by any m]e man c be univ]sally         
obligatory4 ,!re=e see+ ! mak+ ( all    
univ]sal laws do?  belong only to ,*ri/1
 we may be sure t he ha? p]fectly done  
x2  & ha? left no?+ out ( 8 laws t 0 fit
 to be !re1 nor  no?+ at lib]ty t 0 fit 
to be det]m9$ & comm&$4  ,!re=e :atsoev]
 is ( equal use or consid]ation to !    
univ]sal  *ur*1 z x is to any "o "p ( x1
 & to all times z x is to  any "t ( !   
*ur*1 %\ld n be made a law by man to any
 "p (  ! *ur*1 if ,*ri/ h n made x a law
 to ! :ole3 because  else !y accuse him 
( be+ defective 9 8 laws1 & because all 
8 subjects are equally dep5d5t on him z 

_! ,k+ & ,judge4 ,&  no man mu/ /ep into
 8 ?rone pret5d+ to am5d 8 "w :i* he    
ha? done amiss1 or to make up any wants 
:i* ! *ief ,lawgiv]  %\ld h made up4    
#b4 ,^! laws ( ,*ri/ = ! gov]nm5t ( 8   
*ur*1 are fully  conta9$ 9 ! holy       
,scriptures2 = s mu* z is 9 nature1 is  
!re also m pla9ly express$ ?an nature   
ha? express$ x4 ,all  is n ,*ri/'s law t
 is any way express$ 9 ,scripture2 b all
  ,*ri/'s laws are express$ 9 !         
,scriptures2 n writt5 by himself1  b by 
8 ,_s 9 8 apo/les1 :om he appo9t$ & s5t 
to tea*  all nations to obs]ve :atev] he
 comm&$ !m1 ,matt4 xxviii4 #bj3  :o be+ 
?us commission$ & enabl$ fully by ! ,_s 
to p]=m  x1 are to be suppos$ to h      
p]fectly execut$ _! commission2  & to h 
taught :atsoev] ,*ri/ comm&$ !m1 & no m 
z  f ,*ri/3 & !re=e z !y taught t pres5t
 age by voice1  :o c\ld he> !m1 s !y    
taught all ages aft] to ! end ( !  _w by
 writ+1 because _! voice 0 n by !m to be
 he>d4    #c4 ,s f> !n z ! ,scripture is
 a law & rule1 x is a p]fect  rule2 b h[

 f> x is a law or rule1 its own cont5ts 
&  expressions mu/ det]m9e4 ,z1 7#a47 ,x
 is c]ta9 t all !  int]nal wor%ip ( ,god
 7by love1 fe>1 tru/1 desire1 c47 is    
p]fectly comm&$ 9 ! ,scriptures4 7#b47  
,! doctr9e ( ,*ri/  :i* 8 m9i/]s mu/    
read & prea* is p]fectly conta9$ 9 !    
,scriptures4 7#c47 ,! gr& & con/antly   
necess>y po9ts ( ord] 9  prea*+1 are !re
 also express$3 z t ! op5+ ( m5's  eyes1
 & ! conv]t+ ( !m f ! p[] ( ,satan to   
,god1 be  fir/ endeav\r$1 & !n _!       
confirmation & fur!r  edification1 c4   
7#d47 ,also t we humble ourselves be=e  
,god 9 !  confession ( our s9s4 7#e47 ,&
 t we pray to ,god 9 ! "n (  ,*ri/ =    
m]cy = ourselves & o!rs4 7#f47 ,t we    
give ,god  ?anks = 8 m]cies to ! *ur*1  
ourselves1 & o!rs4 7#g47 ,t  we praise  
,god 9 8 excell5cies manife/$ 9 8 ^w &  
works (  creation & provid5ce4 7#h47 ,t 
we d ?is by s++ psalms )  holy          
joyfulness ( he>t4 7#i47 ,! matt] & ord]
 ( ! ord9>y  pray]s & praises ( *ri/ians
 is express$ 9 ! ,scripture 7z  :i* p>ts

 are to h prec$5cy 9 our e/imation &    
desire1 &  ord9>ily 9 our expressions74 
7#aj47 ,*ri/ himself ha? det]m9$  t by  
baptiz+ !m into ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ! ,son1 
& !  ,holy ,gho/1 m5 be solemnly ent]$  
into 8 cov5ant1 & *ur*1 &  /ate (       
*ri/ianity4 7#aa47 ,& he ha? himself    
appo9t$ t 8  *ur*es hold communion ) him
 & among !mselves1 9 !  eu*>i/ical      
adm9i/ration ( ! sacram5t ( 8 body &    
blood1  repres5t$ 9 ! break+1 deliv]+1  
receiv+1 & eat+ !  consecrat$ bread1 & 9
 ! p\r+ out1 deliv]+1 receiv+1 &  dr9k+ 
! consecrat$ w9e4 7#ab47 ,& z = !       
mutable1  subs]vi5t circum/ances1 &     
ext]nal expressions1 & actions1 &       
ord]s1 :i* 7 n fit to be1 9 p>ticul>1 ! 
matt] ( a  univ]sal law1 b are fit 9 "o 
place1 or at "o "t1 & n  ano!r1 = ^! he 
ha? left bo? 9 nature & ,scripture su*  
g5]al laws1 by :i* ^u em]g5t occasions  
!y may be det]m9$2  & by p>ticul>       
provid5ces he fitte? ?+s1 & p]sons1 &   
times1 & places1 s z t we may disc]n _! 
agreeabl5ess to  ! descriptions 9 8     

g5]al laws3 z t all ?+s be done         
dec5tly1 9 ord]1 & to edification1 & 9  
*>ity1 unity1 &  peace4 ,& he ha? =bidd5
 g5]ally do+ any ?+ undec5tly1          
disord]ly1 to ! hurt or de/ruction ( our
 bre?r51 ev5 ! weak1  or to ! division (
 ! *ur*4#bg 7#ac47 ,& _m ?+s he ha?     
p>ticul>ly =bidd5 9 wor%ip3 z mak+ to   
ourselves any grav5  image1 c4 &        
wor%ipp+ angels1 c4#bh    ,& z to ! ord]
 & gov]nm5t ( ! *ur*1 7= ,i am will+ to 
despat* all "h toge!r17 ?is mu* is      
pla9ly det]m9$ 9  ,scripture3 #a4 ,t !re
 be (fic]s or m9i/]s "u ,*ri/ to be  !  
/at$ tea*]s ( 8 p1 & to baptize1 &      
adm9i/] !  sacram5t ( 8 body & blood1 & 
be ! m\? & guide ( !  p 9 public pray]s1
 ?anksgiv+1 & praises1 & to b9d !       
imp5it5t & loose ! p5it5t1 & to be !    
directors ( !  flocks accord+ to ! law (
 ,god1 to life et]nal2 & _! (fice  is   
describ$ & det]m9$ by ,*ri/4 #b4 ,x is  
requir$ t  *ri/ians d ord9>ily assemble 
toge!r = ,god's public wor%ip2  & be    
guid$ !re9 by ^! _! pa/ors4 #c4 ,x is   

requir$ t  besides ! unfix$ m9i/]s1 :o  
employ !mselves 9 conv]t+  infidels1 & 9
 an it9]ant s]vice ( ! *ur*es1 !re be   
also  /at$1 fix$ m9i/]s1 hav+ a special 
*>ge ( ea* p>ticul>  *ur*2 & t !y may "k
 _! own flocks1 & f h\se to  h\se1 & ! p
 may "k _! own pa/ors t are ov] !m 9  ! 
,"l1 & hon\r !m & obey !m 9 all t !y    
tea* !m  f ! ^w ( ,god = _! salvation4  
#d4 ,! m9i/]s t  baptize are to judge ( 
! capacity & fitness ( ^? :om !y        
baptize2 :e!r ! adult t are admitt$ ^u  
_! p]sonal  pr(ession & cov5ant+1 or    
infants t are admitt$ ^u _!  p>5ts'     
pr(ession & ent]+ !m into cov5ant4 #e4  
,! pa/ors  t adm9i/] ! ,"l's supp] to _!
 p>ticul> flocks1 are to  disc]n or     
judge ( ! fitness ( ^? p]sons :om !y    
receive  newly into _! *>ge1 or :om !y  
admit to communion 9 t  sacram5t z      
memb]s ( _! flock4 #f4 ,e su* pa/or is  
also  p]sonally to wat* ov] all ! memb]s
 ( 8 flock z f> z he is  able2 le/ false
 tea*]s s$uce !m1 or ,satan get         
advantage ( !m1  or any corruption or   

root ( bitt]ness spr+ up among !m &     
defile !m4 #g4 ,x is ! duty ( ! sev]al  
memb]s ( ! flock1 if  a bro!r trespass  
aga9/ !m1 to tell him 8 faults betwe5 !m
  & him2 & if he he> n1 to take two or  
?ree1 & if he he> n  !m1 to tell ! *ur*4
 #h4 ,x is ! pa/or's duty to admoni% !  
unruly1 & call !m to rep5tance1 & pray =
 _! conv]sion4 #i4  ,& x is ! pa/or's   
duty to decl>e ! ob/9ately imp5it5t     
uncapable ( communion ) ! *ur*1 & to    
*>ge him to =be>  x1 & ! *ur* to avoid  
him4 #aj4 ,x is ! p's duty to avoid  su*
 accord+ly1 & h no famili>ity ) !m1 t !y
 may be  a%am$2 & ) su*1 no1 n to eat4  
#aa4 ,x is ! pa/or's duty to  absolve ! 
p5it5t1 decl>+ ! remission ( _! s91 &   
re-admitt+ to ! communion ( ! sa9ts4    
#ab4 ,x is ! p's  duty to re-admit !    
absolv$ to _! communion ) joy1 & to take
  !m z bre?r5 9 ! ,"l4#bi #ac4 ,?\gh e  
pa/or ha? a  g5]al p[] to ex]cise 8     
(fice 9 any "p ( ! *ur*1 :]e  he %all be
 truly call$ to x2 yet e pa/or ha? a    
special  obligation 7& consequ5tly a    

special p[]7 to d x ov] ! flock1  ( :i* 
he ha? receiv$ ! special *>ge &         
ov]sight4 #ad4 ,!  ,"l's day is sep>at$ 
by ,god's appo9tm5t = ! *ur*es'  ord9>y 
holy communion 9 ,god's wor%ip "u !     
conduct ( ^!  _! guides4#cj #ae4 ,& x is
 requisite t ! sev]al p>ticul>  *ur*es d
 ma9ta9 z mu* agreem5t among !mselves z 
_!  capacity w all[ !m2 & keep due      
synods & correspond5ces to  t end4 ,?us 
mu* ( ,god's wor%ip1 & *ur* ord] &      
gov]nm5t1  at lea/1 is ( div9e          
in/itution1 & det]m9$ by ,scripture1 &  
n left to ! w or lib]ty ( man4 ,?us f> !
 =m (  gov]nm5t 7at lea/7 is ( div9e "r4
    ,b on ! contr>y1 #a4 ,ab\t doctr9e &
 wor%ip2 ! ,scripture is  no law 9 any (
 ^! foll[+ cases1 b ha? left !m         
undet]m9$4 7#a47 ,!re are _m natural    
tru?s :i* ! ,scripture  m$dle? n )3 z   
physics1 metaphysics1 logic1 c4 7#b47   
,scripture  telle? n a m9i/] :at        
p>ticul> text or subject he %all prea*  
on ?is day or t4 7#c47 ,nor :at me?od 8 
text or subject %all be  op5$ & h&l$ 94 

7#d47 ,nor :at day ( ! week besides !   
,"l's day he %all prea*1 nor :at h\r on 
! ,"l's day he %all  beg94 7#e47 ,nor 9 
:at p>ticul> place ! *ur* %all meet4    
7#f47  ,nor :at p>ticul> s9s we %all mo/
 confess2 nor :at p]sonal  m]cies we    
%all at ?is pres5t "t fir/ ask2 nor =   
:at we %all  n[ mo/ copi\sly give ?anks3
 = special occasions mu/ det]m9e  all   
^!4 7#g47 ,nor :at p>ticul> *apt] we    
%all n[ read2 nor  :at p>ticul> psalm we
 %all n[ s+4 7#h47 ,nor :at p>ticul>    
translation ( ! ,scripture1 or v]sion ( 
! ,psalms1 we %all n[  use4 ,nor into   
:at sections to di/ribute ! ,scripture1 
z we d by  *apt]s & v]ses4 ,nor :e!r !  
,bible %all be pr9t$ or  writt51 or 9   
:at *>act]s1 or h[ b\nd4 7#i47 ,nor j by
 :at  sign ,i %all express my cons5t to 
! tru?s or duties :i* ,i am  call$ to   
express cons5t to 7besides ! sacram5ts &
 ord9>y  words74 7#aj47 ,nor :e!r ,i    
%all use writt5 notes to help my memory 
9 prea*+1 or prea* )\t4 7#aa47 ,nor :e!r
 ,i %all use a  writ+ or book 9 pray]1  

or pray )\t4 7#ab47 ,nor :e!r ,i %all   
use ! same words 9 prea*+ & pray]1 or   
v>i\s new  expressions4 7#ac47 ,nor :at 
ut5sils 9 holy adm9i/ration ,i %all     
use2 z a temple or an ord9>y h\se1 a    
pulpit1 a font1 a table1  cups1 cu%ions1
 & _m su*1 :i* belong to ! sev]al p>ts (
  wor%ip4 7#ad47 ,nor 9 :at p>ticul>    
ge/ure we %all prea*1 or  read1 or he>4 
7#ae47 ,nor :at p>ticul> g>m5ts m9i/]s  
or p  %all we> 9 "t ( wor%ip4 7#af47    
,nor :at natural or artificial  helps to
 our natural faculties we %all use2 z   
m$icam5ts = !  voice1 tunes1 musical    
in/rum5ts1 spectacles1 h\r-glasses3 ^! &
  su* l are undet]m9$ 9 ,scripture1 &   
are left to be det]m9$  by human        
prud5ce1 n z m5 please2 b z means 9 ord]
 to !  prop] end1 accord+ to ! g5]al    
laws ( ,*ri/4#ca ,= ,scripture  is a    
g5]al law = all su* circum/ances1 b n a 
p>ticul> law4    ,s also = ord] &       
gov]nm5t1 ,scripture ha? n p>ticul>ly   
det]m9$1 #a4 ,:at individual p]sons %all
 be ! pa/ors ( !  *ur*4 #b4 ,or ( j h[  

_m p]sons ! congregation %all consi/4   
#c4 ,or h[ ! pa/ors %all divide _! "w   
:]e !re are _m4 #d4  ,nor h[ _m e *ur*  
%all h4 #e4 ,nor :at p>ticul> p  %all be
 a pa/or's special *>ge4 #f4 ,nor :at   
individual p]sons he  %all baptize1     
receive to communion1 admoni%1 or       
absolve4 #g4 ,nor 9  :at words mo/ ( ^! 
%all be express$4 #h4 ,nor :at numb] (  
pa/ors %all meet 9 synods1 = ! communion
 & agreem5t (  sev]al *ur*es1 nor h[ (t1
 nor at :at "t or place1 nor :at        
p>ticul> ord] %all be among !m 9 _!     
consultations2 ) _m  su* l4    ,:5 y ?us
 und]/& h[ f> ,scripture is a law to y 9
 !  wor%ip ( ,god1 x w be ! greate/     
direction to y1 to keep y  bo? f        
disobey+ ,god & y\r sup]iors2 t y may   
nei!r  pret5d ob$i5ce to man = y\r      
disob$i5ce to ,god1 nor pret5d  ob$i5ce 
to ,god aga9/ y\r due ob$i5ce to y\r    
gov]nors1 z  ^? w d t ?9k ,scripture is 
a m p>ticul> rule ?an ev]  ,*ri/ int5d$ 
x3 & x w prev5t abundance ( unnecess>y  
scruples1 cont5tions1 & divisions4      

,sid5ote3 ,:at comm&s ( ,god are n      
univ]sal nor p]petual4    ,direct4      
,,xii4 ,obs]ve well 9 ,scripture !      
diff]5ce betwe5  ,*ri/'s univ]sal laws1 
7:i* b9d all 8 subjects 9 all times &   
places17 & ^? t are b local1 p]sonal1 or
 alt]able laws2  le/ y ?9k t y are b\nd 
to all t ev] ,god b\nd any  o!rs to4 ,! 
univ]sal laws & unalt]able are ^? :i*   
result  f ! f\ndation ( ! univ]sal &    
unalt]able nature ( p]sons  & ?+s1 & ^? 
:i* ,god ha? sup]naturally reveal$ z    
suitable con/antly to all4 ,! p>ticul>1 
local1 or tempor>y laws  are ^?1 :i*    
ei!r result$ f a p>ticul> or alt]able   
nature  ( p]sons & ?+s z mutually       
relat$1 7z ! law ( nature b\nd  ,adam's 
sons to m>ry _! si/]s1 :i* b9de? o!rs   
aga9/ x17  or ^? :i* ,god sup]naturally 
enact$ only = "s p>ticul>  p or p]son1  
or = ! "t4 ,if y %\ld mi/ake all !      
,jewi% laws = univ]sal laws1 7z to      
p]sons or duration17 into h[  _m errors 
w\ld x lead y6 ,s also if y mi/ake e    
p]sonal  m&ate s5t by a prophet or      

apo/le to a p>ticul> man1 z oblig+  all1
 y w\ld make a sn>e ( x4 ,e man is n to 
ab/a9 f  v9ey>ds & w9e z ! ,re*abites 72
 nor e man to g =?  to prea* 9 ! g>b z  
,*ri/ s5t ! twelve & sev5ty disciples2  
nor e man to adm9i/] or receive ! ,"l's 
supp] 9 an upp]  room ( a h\se1 9 !     
ev5+1 ) elev5 or twelve only1 c42 nor  e
 "o to c>ry ,paul's cloak & p>*m5ts1 nor
 g up & d[n on  ! messages :i* "s 7 s5t 
on4 ,& "h 79 precepts ab\t  wor%ip7 y   
mu/ "k :at is ! ?+ prim>ily int5d$ 9 !  
comm&1 & :at x is t is b a subs]vi5t    
means2 = _m laws  are univ]sal &        
immutable z to ! matt] prim>ily int5d$1 
:i*  are b local & tempor>y z to ! matt]
 subs]vi5t &  second>ily int5d$4 ,z !   
comm& ( salut+ "o ano!r ) a  holy kiss1 
& us+ love-fea/s 9 _! sacr$ communion1  
prim>ily  int5d$ ! ex]cis+ & express+   
holy love by su* conv5i5t  signs z 7 !n 
9 use1 & suitable to ^? times2 b t x be 
done by ^? p>ticul> signs1 0 subs]vi5t1 
& a local1  alt]able law2 z appe>e?1 #a4
 ,9 t x is actually laid d[n by  ,god's 

all[ance4 #b4 ,9 t 9 o!r places & times 
! same signs  h n ! same signification &
 aptitude to t use at all1 &  !re=e w\ld
 be no su* expression ( love2 or else h 
also "s  ill signification4 ,s x 0 !    
fir/ way ( baptiz+ to dip !m  ov]-head2 
:i* 0 fit 9 t hot c\ntry1 :i* 9 cold]   
c\ntries x w\ld n be1 z be+ de/ructive  
to heal?1 & m  aga9/ mode/y2 !re=e x is 
pla9 t x 0 b a local1  alt]able law4 ,! 
same is to be said ( n eat+ ?+s /rangl$1
  & blood1 :i* 0 occasion$ by ! (f5ce ( 
! ,jews2 & o!r  ! l4 ,?is is ! case 9   
almo/ all precepts ab\t ! ext]nal       
wor%ipp+ ge/ures3 ! ?+ t ,god comm&e?   
univ]sally is a  humble1 rev]5t         
adoration ( him by ! m9d & body4 ,n[ !  
adoration ( ! m9d is /ill ! same2 b !   
bodily expression  alt]e? accord+ to !  
cu/om ( c\ntries3 9 mo/ c\ntries  kneel+
 or pro/ration are ! expressions (      
greate/ v5]ation &  submission3 9 "s few
 c\ntries x is m signifi$ by sitt+ )  ! 
face cov]$ ) _! h&s3 9 "s x is signifi$ 
be/ by  /&+3 kneel+ is ord9>ily mo/ fit1

 because x is ! mo/  common sign (      
humble rev]5ce2 b :]e x is n s1 x is n  
fit4 ,! same we mu/ say ( o!r ge/ures1 &
 ( habits3 ! wom5  among ! ,cor9?ians 7 
n to g uncov]$ because ( ! angels1  #a  
,cor4 xi4 #aj1 & yet 9 "s places1 :]e   
long hair or cov]+ may  h a contr>y     
signification1 ! case may be contr>y4 ,!
 v  f\r? comm&m5t1 h[ev] x 0 a p]petual 
law z to !  proportion ( "t1 yet 0      
alt]able z to ! sev5? day4 ,^?  :i* ,i  
call univ]sal laws1 "s call moral2 b t  
is no t]m (  di/9ction1 b signifie? !   
common nature ( all laws1 :i* are  = !  
gov]n+ ( our mann]s4 ,"s call !m natural
 laws1 & !  o!r positive3 b ! tru? is1  
!re are "s laws ( nature :i*  are       
univ]sal1 & "s t are p>ticul>1 z !y are 
! result (  univ]sal or p>ticul> nature3
 & !re are "s laws ( nature t  are      
p]petual1 :i* are ! result ( an unalt]$ 
f\ndation3 &  !re are "s t are tempor>y1
 :5 x is "s tempor>y1  alt]able ?+ 9    
nature f :5ce ! duty do? result3 s !re  
are "s positive laws t are univ]sal or  

unalt]able1 7dur+ ?is  _w17 & "s t are  
local1 p>ticul>1 or tempor>y only4#cb   
,direct4 ,,xiii4 ,rememb] t :atev] duty 
y seem oblig$ to  p]=m1 ! obligation    
/ill suppose? t x is n naturally        
impossible to y1 & !re=e y are b\nd to d
 x z well z y  c3 & :5 o!r m5's =ce1 or 
y\r natural disability1 h9d]e?  y f do+ 
x z y w\ld1 y are n !re=e disoblig$ f   
do+ x at all2 b ! total omission is     
worse ?an ! defective  p]=mance ( x1 z !
 defective p]=mance is worse ?an !  do+ 
( x m p]fectly4#cc ,& 9 su* a case !    
defects :i*  are utt]ly involunt>y are  
none ( y\rs imputatively at all1 b  8 t 
h9d]e? y 7unless z "s o!r s9 might cause
 t74 ,z  if ,i 7 9 a c\ntry :]e ,i c\ld 
h lib]ty to read & pray1  b n to prea*1 
or to prea* only once a mon? & no m2 x  
is  my duty to d s mu* z ,i c d1 z be+  
mu* bett] ?an no?+1  & n to =be> all1   
because ,i _c d all4    ,object4 ,b y   
mu/ =be> no "p ( y\r duty8 ,answ4 ,true3
 b  no?+ is my duty :i* is naturally    
impossible = me to d4 ,ei!r  ,i c d x1  

or ,i _c3 if ,i c1 ,i mu/ 7suppos+ x a  
duty 9 all  o!r respects72 b if ,i _c1  
,i am n b\nd to x4    ,object4 ,b x is n
 suff]+ t mu/ det] y1 = t is a  c>nal   
reason3 & y\r suff]+ may d m good ?an   
y\r  prea*+4 ,answ4 ,suff]+ is          
consid]able ei!r z a pa9 to !  fle%1 or 
z an irresi/ible h9d]ance ( ! "w ( !    
gospel3 z  x is m]ely a pa9 to ! fle%1  
,i ought n to be det]r$ by x  f ! "w (  
,god2 b z x =cibly h9d]e? me f t "w1  7z
 by imprisonm5t1 dea?1 cutt+ out !      
tongue1 c47 ,i may  lawfully =esee x1 & 
by lawful means avoid x1 :5 x is        
s9c]ely = ! "w ( ,*ri/1 & n = ! sav+ ( !
 fle%4  ,if ,paul =esaw t ! prea*+ ( "o 
m s]mon at ,damascus 0  l to h9d] 8     
prea*+ any m1 because ! ,jews wat*$ !   
gates day & night to kill him1 x 0      
,paul's duty to be let d[n by  ! wall 9 
a basket1 & to escape1 & prea* else:]e1 
,acts ix4  #be4 ,& :5 ! *ri/ians c\ld n 
safely meet publicly1 !y met  9 secret1 
z ,john xix4 #ch2 ,acts xii4 #ab1 c4    
,:e!r ,paul's suff]+  at ,damascus =    

prea*+ "o m s]mon1 or 8 prea*+ m        
else:]e1 0 to be *os51 ! int]e/ ( ,*ri/ 
& ! gospel  mu/ direct him to resolve3 t
 :i* is be/ = ! *ur*1 is to  be *os54   
,direct4 ,,xiv4 ,rememb] t no mat]ial   
duty is =mally a duty at  all times3 t  
:i* is a duty 9 its season1 is no duty  
out (  season4 ,affirmative precepts b9d
 n to all times 7except only to  habits1
 or ! secret int5tion ( our ultimate    
end1 s f> z is  suffici5t to animate &  
actuate ! means1 :ile we are wak+ &  h !
 use ( reason74 ,pray+ & prea*+1 t are v
 great  duties1 may be s unseasonably   
p]=m$1 z to be s9s3 if =be>+  a pray]1  
or s]mon1 or sacram5t "o day or mon?1 be
 rationally l  to procure y\r help or   
lib]ty to d x aft]w>d1 :5 t once or  few
 times do+ x 7 l to h9d] y f do+ x any  
m1 x  w\ld be y\r duty !n to =be> x = t 
"t 7unless 9 "s  extraord9>y case73 =   
ev5 = ! life ( an ox or an ass1 & =     
m]cy to m5's bodies1 ! re/ & holy "w ( a
 sabba? might be  int]rupt$2 mu* m = !  
s\ls ( _m4 ,aga9 ,i w>n y1 z y  mu/ n   

pret5d ! int]e/ ( ! end aga9/ a         
p]emptory1  absolute comm& ( ,god1 s mu/
 y n easily conclude a comm& to  be     
absolute & p]emptory to t :i* c]ta9ly   
contradicts !  end2 nor easily take t = 
a duty1 :i* c]ta9ly is no means to  t   
good :i* is ! end ( duty1 or :i* is     
aga9/ x4 ,?\gh yet  no seem+ aptitude z 
a means1 mu/ make t seem a duty1 :i* !  
prohibition ( ,god ha? made a s94       
,direct4 ,,xv4 ,x is ev] unseasonable to
 p]=m a less] duty (  wor%ip1 :5 a      
great] %\ld be done2 !re=e x mu*        
conc]ne?  y to be able to disc]n1 :5 two
 duties are inconsi/5t1 :i* is  !n !    
great] & to be pref]r$3 9 :i* ! int]e/ (
 ! end  mu/ mu* direct y2 t be+ usually 
! greate/ :i* ha? !  greate/ t5d5cy to !
 greate/ good4    ,direct4 ,,xvi4       
,pret5d n "o "p ( ,god's wor%ip aga9/   
ano!r1  :5 all1 9 _! place & ord]1 may  
be done4 ,set n prea*+ &  pray+ aga9/   
ea* o!r2 nor public & private wor%ip    
aga9/  ea* o!r2 nor int]nal wor%ip aga9/
 ext]nal2 b d all4    ,direct4 ,,xvii4  

,let n an inord9ate respect to man1 or  
common  cu/om1 be too /rong a bias to   
p]v]t y\r judgm5ts f ! rule  ( wor%ip2  
nor yet any gr\ndless prejudice make y  
di/a/e t  :i* is n to be dislik$4 ,!    
error on ^! two extremes do? fill  ! _w 
) corruption & cont5tions ab\t ! wor%ip 
( ,god4  ,among ! papi/s1 & ,russians1 &
 o!r ignorant sorts (  *ri/ians1        
abundance ( corruptions are cont9u$ 9   
,god's wor%ip by  ! m]e p[] ( cu/om1    
tradition1 & education2 & all seeme?  "r
 to :i* !y h be5 long us$3 & h5ce !     
*ur*es 9  s\?1 ea/1 & we/ cont9ue s long
 ov]spread ) ignorance1 &  refuse       
re=mation4#cd ,& on ! o!r side1 m]e     
prejudice makes  "s s mu* di/a/e a      
prescrib$ =m ( pray]1 or ! way (  wor%ip
 :i* !y h n be5 us$ to1 & :i* !y h he>d 
"s good m5 speak aga9/1 ^: judgm5ts !y  
highlie/ e/eem$1  t !y h n room = sob]1 
imp>tial reason to delib]ate1  try1 &   
judge4 ,factions h engag$ mo/ *ri/ians 9
 ! _w  into sev]al p>ties1 :]eby ,satan 
ha? got ?is great advantage1  t in/ead (

 wor%ipp+ ,god 9 love & concord1 !y lay 
out  _! zeal 9 an envi\s1 bitt]1        
c5sori\s1 un*>itable reproa*+  ! mann] (
 ea* o!r's wor%ip4 ,& because ! int]e/ (
 _!  p>ties require? ?is1 !y ?9k !      
int]e/ ( ! *ur* &  cause ( ,god require?
 x2 & t !y d ,god s]vice :5 !y make  !  
religion ( o!r m5 seem odi\s3 :5as among
 mo/ *ri/ians 9  ! _w1 ! errors ( _!    
modes ( wor%ip are n s great z  ! adv]se
 p>ties repres5t !m 7except only ! two  
great crimes  ( ! popi% wor%ip3 #a4 ,t x
 is n und]/ood1 & s is  s\lless4 #b4 ,!y
 wor%ip bread z ,god himself1 :i* ,i am 
n s able  z will+ to excuse f be+       
idolatry74 ,judge n 9 su* cases by      
passion1 p>tiality1 & prejudice4#ce     
,direct4 ,,xviii4 ,yet judge 9 all su*  
controv]sies ) t  rev]5ce & *>ity :i* is
 due to ! univ]sal & ! primitive  *ur*4 
,if y f9d any ?+ 9 ,god's wor%ip :i* !  
primitive or  univ]sal *ur* agre$ 91 y  
may be sure t x is no?+ b  :at is       
consi/5t ) acceptable wor%ip2 = ,god    
nev] reject$ !  wor%ip ( ! primitive or 

univ]sal *ur*4 ,& x is n s mu* z  to be 
judg$ errone\s )\t great delib]ation & v
 good pro(4  ,we mu/ be mu* m suspici\s 
( our own und]/&+s4    ,direct4 ,,xix4  
,9 circum/ances & modes ( wor%ip n      
=bidd5 9  ! ^w ( ,god1 affect n         
s+ul>ity1 & d n easily diff] f  !       
practice ( ! *ur* 9 :i* y hold          
communion1 nor f !  comm&s or directions
 ( y\r lawful gov]nors4 ,x is true1 if  
we are  =bidd5 ) ,daniel to pray1 or ) !
 apo/les to speak any m  9 ! "n ( ,*ri/1
 or are comm&$ z ! ?ree witnesses1 ,dan4
  iii4 to wor%ip images1 we mu/ r obey  
,god ?an man2#cf & s  9 case ( any s9 t 
is comm&$ u3 b 9 case ( m]e diff]5t     
modes1 & circum/ances1 & ord] ( wor%ip1 
see t y give  au?ority & ! cons5t ( !   
*ur* :]e y are _! due4    ,direct4 ,,xx4
 ,look m to y\r own he>ts ?an to !      
abilities (  ! m9i/]s1 or ! c]emonies or
 mann] ( ! *ur*es' wor%ip 9  su* less]  
?+s4 ,x is he>t-"w & heav5-"w t ! s9c]e 
believ] comes ab\t2 & x is ! corruption 
( 8 he>t t is  ! heavie/ burd51 :i* he  

groane? "u ) ! mo/ passionate           
compla9ts3 a hungry s\l1 inflam$ ) love 
to ,god & man1 &  t5d]ly s5sible ( !    
excell5cy ( common tru?s & duties1 w\ld 
make up _m defects 9 ! mann] ( public   
adm9i/ration1 & w\ld  get ne>] ,god 9 a 
defective1 imp]fect mode ( wor%ip1 ?an  
o!rs  c d ) ! greate/ helps2#cg :5      
hypocrites f9d s little  "w ) _! he>ts &
 heav51 t !y are tak5 up ab\t words1  & 
=ms1 & c]emonies1 & ext]nal ?+s1        
applaud+ _! own  way1 & condemn+ o!r    
m5's1 & s]v+ ,satan "u pret5ce (        
wor%ipp+ ,god4    #ah ,read on ?is      
subject a small book :i* ,i h writt51   
call$  ,ca?olic ,unity4    #ai ,see     
,rom4 xiv4 xv2 #a ,cor4 viii4 #ac4      
#bj ,lev4 xix4 #b2 xx4 #g2 #a ,pet4 i4  
#af4    #ba ,! second comm&m5t4 ,cic]o  
de ,nat4 ,deor4 lib4 i4 p4 #df1  sai?1 t
 ,possidonius believ$ t ,epicurus ?\ght 
!re 0 no  ,god1 b put a scorn ^u him by 
describ+ him l a man1 idle1  c>eless1 c4
 :i* he w\ld n h done if he _h ?\ght !re
 0  a ,god4    #bb ,matt4 xv4 #b1 #c1   

#f2 ,m>k vii4 #c-ad2 ,col4 ii4 #h1 #ah1 
#bb4    #bc ,b ) ! b>b>\s x is o!rwise1 
sai? ,aco/a ! ,jesuit1  p4 #bdi4 l4 #b4 
,prod]it quam plurimum ritus et signa et
 omnem ext]num  cultum dilig5t] cur>e4  
,8 quippe et delectantur et det95tur    
hom9es animales 7,n4 ,b47 donec paulatim
 aboleatur memoria et gu/us  prt]itorum4
 ,s ,gr4 ,nyss5 sai? 9 vita ,gr4 ,neocs4
 t !y  turn$ ! pagans' fe/ivals into    
fe/ivals = ! m>tyrs1 to please  !m !    
bett]4 ,:i* ,b$a & _m o!rs relate ( !   
practice (  ^? times4    #bd ,rom4 iii4 
#g4    #be ,read ,plut>* ( ,sup]/ition4 
#bf ,isa4 ii4 #c2 i4 #aj2 xlii4 #d2     
,mic4 iv4 #b2 ,heb iii4 #b1 #c1 #e2 x4  
#bh3  ,acts vii4 #cg1 #ch2 iii4 #bc2    
,psal4 xix4 #g2 ,isa4 v4 #bd4    #bg    
,rom4 xiii4 #i2 ,matt4 xxii4 #cg2 ,isa4 
viii4 #af1 #bj2 ,acts viii4 #be2  xv4   
#ce1 #cf2 xxvi4 #ag1 #ah2 #a ,john i4   
#i2 ,neh4 i4 #f2 ,lev4 xvi4 #ba2 ,phil4 
iv4 #f2 ,psal4 l4 #ad2 lxix4 #cj2 c4 #a1
 #b1 #d2 ,eph4 v4 #ai2 ,psal4 ix4 #aa2  
xcv4 #a2 ,luke xi4 #b1 #c1 c42 ,matt4   

xxviii4 #ai2 #a ,cor4 xi4 #bc-bf1 #bh2  
xiv4 #e1 #ab1 #bf2 #b ,cor4 x4 #h2 xiii4
 #aj2 ,rom4 xv4 #b2 #a ,cor4 xiv4 #dj2  
,rom4 xiv4 #ae1 #bj2 #a ,cor4 ix4       
#bj-bb2 viii4 #aj2 x4 #ai1 #bh2 #b ,cor4
 vi4  #af4    #bh ,second comm&m5t1     
,col4 ii4 #ah1 c42 #a ,john v4 #ba2     
,rev4 ii4 #ad4    #bi ,matt4 xxviii4    
#ai3 ,rom4 x4 #g1 #h2 ,acts xiv4 #bc2   
ii4 #db2 xx4 #g1 #bh2  ,eph4 iv4 #aa1   
#ad2 ,mal4 ii4 #g2 ,ezek4 iii4 #ag1 #ba2
 #a ,cor4 xii4 #ag1 #bh2  ,col4 i4 #bh2 
,acts xxvi4 #ah2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab2 ,heb4 
xiii4 #g1 #ag2 ,acts  viii4 #cg2 ii4    
#cg1 #ch2 viii #bj1 #bc2 #a ,cor4 x4    
#af2 ix4 #ac1 #ad2 ,acts xx42  #b ,cor4 
ii4 #aa2 ,heb4 xii4 #ae2 ,deut4 x4 #h2  
#b ,tim4 iv4 #a-c2 ,matt4 xviii4        
#ae-ag2 #b ,!ss4 iii42 #a ,cor4 v4 #aa2 
#b ,john #aj1 #aa2 ,tit4 iii4 #aj2 #a   
,cor4 v4 #c-h2 ,rom4 xvi4 #ag2 #a ,tim4 
v4 #ag2 ,luke x4 #af2 xii4 #db2 ,acts   
xiii4 #bc4    #cj ,tit4 i4 #e1 #i2 #a   
,tim4 iii4 #e2 #a ,pet4 v4 #a-d2 ,rev4  
i4 #aj2 ,acts xx4  #g2 #a ,cor4 xvi4 #b4

    #ca ,( :i* ,i h spok5 m fully 9 my  
,disput4 #e4 ( ,*ur*  ,gov]nm5t1 p4     
#djj1 c4    #cb ,see ! adv]tisem5t be=e 
my book aga9/ ,infidelity4    #cc ,see  
,mr4 ,truman's book ( ,natural & ,moral 
,impot5cy4    #cd ,majus fidei          
imp$im5tum ex invet]ata consuetud9e     
pr(iciscitur3 ubique consuetudo magnas  
vires habet2 s$ 9 b>b>is  longe maximas3
 quippe ubi rationis e/ m9imum1 ibi     
consuetudo radices  pr(undissimas agit4 
,9 omni natura motio eo diuturnior ac   
vehem5tior1 quo magis e/ ad unum        
det]m9ata4 ,jos4 ,aco/a de ,ind4 l4  #b4
 p4 #bdi4    #ce ,see ,bi%op ,j]4       
,taylor's late book aga9/ ,pop]y4    #cf
 ,acts iv4 #ag1 #ah2 v4 #bh4    #cg     
,jam4 iii4 #ae-ag4          ,,*apt]     
,,iii4    ,,directions ,,ab\t ,,!       
,,*ri/ian ,,cov5ant ,,) ,,god1 ,,&      
,,baptism4      ,?\gh ! fir/ "p ( ?is   
book is little m ?an an explication  ( !
 *ri/ian cov5ant ) ,god1 yet be+ "h to  
speak ( baptism  z a "p ( ,god's wor%ip1
 x is ne$ful t ,i briefly speak also (  

! cov5ant itself4    ,direct4 ,i4 ,x is 
a matt] ( great importance t y well     
und]/& ! nature ( ! *ri/ian cov5ant1 :at
 x is4 ,i %all  !re=e "h briefly op5 !  
nature ( x1 & !n speak ( !  reasons ( x2
 & !n ( ! solemniz+ x by baptism1 & next
 (  our r5ew+ x1 & la/ly ( our keep+ x4 
,sid5ote3 ,! cov5ant :at4    ,! *ri/ian 
cov5ant is a contract betwe5 ,god & man1
 ?r\gh !  m$iation ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 = !  
return & reconciliation (  s9n]s unto   
,god1 & _! ju/ification1 adoption1      
sanctification1  & glorification by him1
 to 8 glory4    ,"h we mu/ fir/ consid]1
 :o are ! p>ties 9 ! cov5ant4 #b4  ,:at 
is ! matt] ( ! cov5ant on ,god's "p4 #c4
 ,:at is !  matt] on man's "p4 #d4 ,:at 
are ! t]ms ( x prop\nd$ on ,god's  "p4  
#e4 ,:]e & h[ he do? express x4 #f4 ,:at
 are ! necess>y  qualifications on man's
 "p4 #g4 ,& :at are ! ends & b5efits (  
x4    ,i4 ,! p>ties are ,god & man3 ,god
 ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/ on  ! "o  
"p1 & rep5t+1 believ+ s9n]s on ! o!r "p4
 ,man  is ! p>ty t ne$e? x2 b ,god is ! 

p>ty t fir/ (f]e?  x4 ,"h note1 #a4 ,t  
,god's "p ( ! cov5ant is made univ]sally
  & conditionally ) all mank9d1 7z to ! 
t5or exact$17 & s  is 9 be+ be=e we 7   
born4 #b4 ,t x is n ! ,fa!r1 ,son1  &   
,holy ,gho/1 consid]$ simply z p]sons 9 
! ,godhead2 b z  relat$ to man = ! ends 
( ! cov5ant4 #c4 ,t x is only  s9n]s t  
?is cov5ant is made )1 because ! use ( x
 is =  ! re/oration ( ^? t broke a =m]  
cov5ant 9 ,adam4 ,x is a  cov5ant (     
reconciliation1 & !re=e suppose? an     
enmity  antec$5t4 #d4 ,:5 ,i say t x is 
rep5t+ & believ+ s9n]s  t are ! p>ty1 ,i
 mean1 7#a47 ,t tak+ ! cov5ant 9 its    
fir/  act1 x is rep5tance & fai?        
!mselves t are ! act1 & are  our v      
cov5ant+4 7#b47 ,b tak+ ! cov5ant 9 its 
ext]nal  expression1 s x is a rep5t+1   
believ+ s9n] t mu/ take x1  x be+ b !   
expression ( 8 rep5tance & fai?1 by an  
explicit contract ) ,god4 #e4 ,note1 t  
?\gh ,god's cov5ant be by  "o univ]sal  
act1 7( :i* m anon17 yet man's is to be 
made by  ! sev]al acts ( ! individual   

p]sons ea* "o = himself1 &  n by ! acts 
( societies only4    ,,ii4 ,! matt] ( ! 
cov5ant on ,god's "p is 9 g5]al1 t he  w
 be our ,god3 m p>ticul>ly1 t ,god !    
,fa!r w be our  reconcil$ ,god & ,fa!r 9
 ,jesus ,*ri/2 t ,god ! ,son w be  our  
,savi\r2 & ,god ! ,holy ,gho/ w be our  
,sanctifi]4 ,& !  relation ( a ,god to u
 ess5tially conta9e? ^! ?ree p>ts3 #a4  
,t z on ! title ( creation & r$emption  
he is our ,own]1 s he  do? take u z 8   
own peculi> p4 #b4 ,t z he ha? title to 
be our absolute ,k+ or ,gov]nor1 s he   
do? take u z 8 subjects4  #c4 ,t he w be
 our gr& ,b5efactor & felicity1 or our  
mo/  lov+ ,fa!r 7:i* comprise? all !    
re/74 ,& z he w be ?us  relat$ to u1 s  
he w d = u all t ^! relations d  import4
 ,z1 #a4 ,he w d all t belonge? to a    
,creator = 8  creature1 9 our           
pres]vation & supplies4 #b4 ,he w save u
 f  our s9s1 & f 8 wra? & hell4 #c4 ,&  
he w sanctify u to a  p]fect con=mity to
 our ,head4 ,also1 #a4 ,he w use & def5d
 u z  8 own peculi> ones4 #b4 ,he w     

gov]n u by a law ( grace &              
righte\sness4 #c4 ,he w make u fully    
happy 9 8 love = ev]4    ,,iii4 ,! matt]
 on man's "p ( ! cov5ant is1 #a4 ,9     
respect ( !  t]m9us a quo1 t we w =sake 
! fle%1 ! _w1 & !  devil1 z !y are      
adv]se to our relations & duties to     
,god4 #b4 ,9  reg>d ( ! t]m9us ad quem1 
t we w take ! ,"l = our  ,god3 & m      
p>ticul>ly1 #a4 ,t we d take ,god !     
,fa!r = our  reconcil$ ,fa!r 9 ,jesus   
,*ri/1 & d give up ourselves to him z   
creatures to _! ,mak]4 #b4 ,t we d take 
,jesus ,*ri/ = our  ,r$eem]1 ,savi\r1 & 
,m$iator1 z our ,high ,prie/1 &         
,prophet1 &  ,k+1 & d give up ourselves 
to him z 8 r$eem$ ones to be  reconcil$ 
to ,god1 & sav$ by him4 #c4 ,t we d take
 ! ,holy ,gho/  = our ,reg5]ator &      
,sanctifi]1 & d give up ourselves to be 
p]fectly r5ew$ & sanctifi$ by him1 & by 
8 op]ations c>ri$  on to ,god 9 8 holy  
s]vice4 ,also1 #a4 ,t we d take ,god =  
our  absolute ,"l or ,own]1 & d give up 
ourselves to him z 8 own4 #b4  ,t we    

take him = our univ]sal1 sov]eign       
,gov]nor1 & d give up  ourselves unto   
him z 8 subjects4 #c4 ,t we d take him =
 our  mo/ b\ntiful ,b5efactor1 & lov+   
,fa!r1 & felicity1 & d  give up         
ourselves to him z 8 *ildr51 to seek    
him1 & please him1  & p]fectly to love  
him1 delight 9 him1 & enjoy him = ev] 9 
heav5 z our ultimate end4 ,& 9 cons5t+  
to ^! relations1 we  cov5ant to d !     
duties ( !m 9 s9c]ity4    ,,iv4 ,! t]ms 
or conditions :i* ,god require? ( man 9 
8 cov5ant  are1 cons5t1 & fidelity or   
p]=mance3 he fir/ cons5te?              
conditionally1 if we w cons5t2 & he     
cons5te? to be actually  our ,god1 :5 we
 cons5t to be 8 p3 s t z b>e cons5t1    
)\t any p]=mance1 do? f\nd ! relation   
betwe5 husb& &  wife1 ma/] & s]vant1    
pr9ce & p2 b ! s9c]e  p]=mance ( !      
duties ( ! relation :i* we cons5t to1   
are  ne$ful aft]w>d to cont9ue !        
relation1 & atta9 ! b5efits  & ends2 s  
is x also betwe5 ,god & man4 ,we are 8  
*ildr5 9  cov5ant z soon z we cons5t2 b 

we %all n be glorifi$ b on  condition ( 
s9c]e p]=mance & ob$i5ce4    ,v4 ,god's 
cov5ant ) man is no?+ else b ! univ]sal 
promise  9 ! gospel2 & 7to !            
solemnization7 ! decl>ation1 &          
application1 & solemn inve/iture or     
deliv]y by 8 au?oriz$  m9i/]s4 #a4 ,!   
gospel1 z x relate? ! matt]s ( fact 9 & 
ab\t ! "w ( our r$emption1 is a sacr$   
hi/ory4 #b4 ,z x  conta9e? ! t]ms on :i*
 ,god w be s]v$1 & comm&e? u to  obey !m
 = our salvation1 x is call$ ! law (    
,*ri/ or grace4  #c4 ,z x conta9e? !    
promise ( life & salvation conditionally
  (f]$1 x is call$ ,god's promise1 &    
cov5ant 7viz4 on 8 "p1  z x is propos$  
only74 #d4 ,:5 by our cons5t ! condition
 is s  f> p]=m$1 or ! cov5ant accept$1  
!n ,god's conditional1  univ]sal promise
 or cov5ant1 become? actual & p>ticul> z
 to  ! effect2 & s ! cov5ant become?    
mutual betwe5 ,god & man3  z if a k+    
make an act or law ( p>don & oblivion to
 a nation (  rebels1 say+1 ,:oev] come? 
9 by su* a day1 & confesse? 8  fault1 & 

sue? out 8 p>don1 & promise? fidelity = 
!  future1 %all be p>don$4 ,?is act is a
 law 9 "o respect1 & x is  a univ]sal1  
conditional p>don ( all ^? rebels2 or a 
promise (  p>don2 & an (f] ( p>don to   
all t x is reveal$ to3 b x  is an actual
 p>don to ^? t come 91 & conf]re? on !m 
!  b5efits ( ! act z if !y 7 nam$ 9 x1 &
 is _! v  title to _! p>don1 ( :i* _!   
cons5t is ! condition2 &  ! condition   
be+ p]=m$1 ! p>don or collation ( !     
b5efit  become? p>ticul> & actual1 )\t  
any new act2 x be+ !  s5se ( ! law      
itself1 or conditional grant1 t s x %\ld
 d4  ,s z to ! reality ( ! int]nal      
cov5ant int]e/ & b5efits1  ju/ification 
& adoption1 x is ours by virtue ( ?is   
univ]sal  conditional cov5ant1 :5 we    
p]=m ! condition4 ,b z to our  title 9  
=o ecclesi1 & ! due solemnization &     
inve/iture1  x is made ours :5 ,god's   
m9i/] applie? x to u 9 baptism by  8    
commission2 z ! rebel t 0 fundam5tally  
p>don$ by !  act ( oblivion1 mu/ yet h 8
 p]sonal p>don deliv]$ him by  ! "l     

*ancellor "u ! great seal4 ,9 ?is s5se  
m9i/]s are  ! in/rum5ts ( ,god1 n only 9
 decl>+ u to be p>don$1 b  9 deliv]+ to 
u ! p>don ( our s9s1 & solemnly inve/+ u
  !re93 z an attorney deliv]e?          
possession to "o t be=e _h  8 fundam5tal
 title4 ,?us ,god ent]e? into cov5ant ) 
man4    ,,vi4 ,! qualifications (       
absolute necessity to ! validity ( our  
cov5ant ) ,god 9 =o int]iori1 are ^!3   
#a4 ,t we  und]/& :at we d z to all !   
ess5tials ( ! cov5ant2 =  ignorantis non
 e/ cons5sus4 #b4 ,t x be our own act1  
p]=m$  by our natural or legal selves1 t
 is1 "s "o t ha? p[] s  f> to dispose ( 
u 7z p>5ts h ( _! *ildr574 #c4 ,t x  be 
delib]ate1 sob]1 & rational1 done by "o 
t is compos  m5tis1 9 8 wits1 & n 9     
drunk5ness1 madness1 or  incogitancy4#ch
 #d4 ,t x be s]i\sly done ) a real      
int5tion (  do+ ! ?+1 & n hi/rionically1
 ludicr\sly1 or 9 je/4 #e4  ,t x be done
 entirely z to all ess5tial p>ts2 = if  
we leave  out any ess5tial "p ( !       
cov5ant1 x is no suffici5t cons5t  7z to

 cons5t t ,*ri/ %all be our ,ju/ifi]1 b 
n ! ,holy  ,gho/ our ,sanctifi]74 #f4 ,t
 x be a pres5t cons5t to be pres5tly  9 
cov5ant ) ,god3 = to cons5t t y w be 8  
s]vants  to-morr[ or h]eaft]1 b n yet1  
is b to purpose to be 9  cov5ant ) him  
h]eaft]1 & is no pres5t cov5ant+ ) him4 
#g4 ,la/ly1 x mu/ be a resolv$ &        
absolute cons5t1 )\t any  op5 or secret 
exceptions or res]ves4    ,,vii4 ,!     
fruits ( ! cov5ant :i* ,god reape?1     
7?\gh he ne$  no?+17 is ! pleas+ ( 8    
good & graci\s w1 9 !  ex]cise ( 8 love 
& m]cy1 & ! praise & glory ( 8 grace1  9
 8 p's love & happ9ess = ev]4 ,! fruits 
or b5efits  :i* accrue to man are       
unspeakable1 & w\ld require a volume    
compet5tly to op5 !m3 especially t ,god 
is our ,god1 & ,*ri/  our ,savi\r1      
,head1 ,int]cessor1 & ,tea*]1 & ! ,holy 
,gho/ is our  ,sanctifi]2 & t ,god w    
reg>d u z 8 own1 & w protect  u1 pres]ve
 u1 & provide = u1 & w gov]n u1 & be our
  ,god & joy = ev]2 t he w p>don u1     
ju/ify1 & adopt u1  & glorify u ) 8 ,son

 9 heav54    ,direct4 ,,ii4 ,:5 y ?us   
und]/& well ! nature ( !  cov5ant1 lab\r
 to und]/& ! special reasons ( x4 ,!    
reasons  ( ! matt] ( ! cov5ant y may see
 9 ! fruits & b5efits  n[ m5tion$4 ,b ,i
 n[ speak ( ! reason ( x z a cov5ant 9  
g5]e1 & su* a cov5ant 9 specie4    #a4  
,9 g5]al1 ,god w h man to receive life  
or dea? z an  accept] & keep]1 or a     
refus] or break]1 ( 8 cov5ant1 because  
he w d x n only z a ,b5efactor1 or      
absolute ,"l1 b also z  a ,gov]nor1 & w 
make 8 cov5ant to be also 8 law1 & 8    
promise & b5efits to promote ob$i5ce2 & 
because he w deal  ) man z ) a free     
ag5t1 & n z ) a brute t ha? no  *oos+ & 
refus+ p[]1 conduct$ by reason3 man's   
life & dea?  %all be 9 8 own h&s1 & /ill
 dep5d ^u 8 own w2 ?\gh  ,god w secure 8
 own dom9ion1 int]e/1 & ends1 & put no?+
  out ( 8 own p[] by putt+ x into man's2
 nor h ev] ! less  8 own w1 by leav+ man
 to 8 own w4 ,god w at la/1 z a         
righte\s ,judge1 det]m9e all ! _w to _! 
f9al joy or  puni%m5t1 accord+ to _! own

 *oice :ile !y 7 9 !  fle%1 & accord+ to
 :at !y h done 9 ! body1 :e!r x be  good
 or evil1 ,matt4 xxv4 ,!re=e he w deal )
 u on cov5ant  t]ms4    #b4 ,& he ha?   
*os5 to rule & judge m5 accord+ to a    
cov5ant (  grace1 by a ,r$eem]1 & n     
accord+ to a rigor\s law ( works1  t 8  
goodness & m]cy may be ! fulli] manife/$
 to ! sons  ( m52 & t x may be easi] =  
m5 to love him1 :5 !y h  s wond]ful     
demon/rations ( 8 love2 & s t _! s]vice 
"h1 & _! "w & happ9ess h]eaft]1 may     
consi/ ( love1 to  ! glory ( 8 goodness1
 & ! pleasure ( 8 love = ev]4           
,sid5ote3 ,ext]nal baptism1 :at4        
,direct4 ,,iii4 ,next und]/& rightly !  
nature1 use1 & end (  baptism4 ,baptism 
is to ! mutual cov5ant betwe5 ,god &    
man1 :at  ! solemnization ( m>riage is  
to !m t d be=e cons5t2 or  :at ! li/+ a 
soldi] by giv+ him col\rs1 & writ+ 8    
"n1 is to "o t cons5t$ be=e to be a     
soldi]4#ci ,9 my  ,univ]sal ,concord1 p4
 #bi1 #cj1 ,i h ?us describ$ x3 ,baptism
 is  a holy sacram5t in/itut$ by ,*ri/1 

9 :i* a p]son pr(ess+  ! *ri/ian fai?   
7or ! infant ( su*7 is baptiz$ 9 wat]   
into  ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 ! ,son1 & ,holy   
,gho/1 9 signification &  solemnization 
( ! holy cov5ant1 9 :i* z a p5it5t      
believ]  7or ! se$ ( su*7 he give? up   
himself 7or is by ! p>5t giv5  up7 to   
,god ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/1 =sak+
 ! devil1 !  _w1 & ! fle%1 & is solemnly
 ent]$ a visible memb] (  ,*ri/ & 8     
*ur*1 a p>don$1 reg5]ate *ild ( ,god1 & 
an  heir ( heav54    ,sid5ote3 ,complete
 baptism1 :at x is4    ,z ! ^w baptism  
is tak5 = ! m]e adm9i/ration or ext]nal 
ord9ance1 s ! int]nal cov5ant+ or fai? &
 rep5tance ( !  7adult7 p]son to be     
baptiz$1 is no ess5tial "p ( x1 nor     
requisite to ! be+ ( x2 b only !        
pr(ession ( su* a fai?  & rep5tance1 & !
 ext]nal ent]+ ( ! cov5ant2 b z  baptism
 is tak5 = ! ord9ance z p]=m$ 9 all its 
ess5tial  p>ts1 accord+ to ! true int5t 
( ,*ri/ 9 8 in/itution 7t  is1 9 ! fir/ 
& prop] mean+ ( ! ^w72 s ! int]nal      
cov5ant+ ( a p5it5t1 s9c]e believ]1 is  

necess>y to ! be+  ( x4 ,& inde$ ! ^w   
baptism is tak5 b equivocally or        
analogically at mo/1 :5 x is tak5 = !   
m]e ext]nal  adm9i/ration & action3 =   
,god do? n in/itute wor%ip  ord9ances = 
bodily motion only2 :5 he speake? to    
man1 &  require? wor%ip ( man1 he       
speake? to him z to a man1 &  require?  
human actions f him1 ev5 ! "w ( ! s\l1 &
 n  ! words ( a p>rot1 or ! motion ( a  
puppet4 ,!re=e ! ^w  baptism 9 ! fir/ & 
prop] signification1 do? take 9 ! inw>d 
actions ( ! he>t1 z well z ! outw>d     
pr(essions & actions4  ,& 9 ?is prop]   
s5se baptism is ! mutual cov5ant betwe5 
,god  ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/1 & a 
p5it5t believ+ s9n]1  solemniz$ by !    
wa%+ ( wat]1 9 :i* z a sacram5t ( 8 own 
appo9tm5t ,god do? engage himself to be 
! ,god & reconcil$  ,fa!r1 ! ,savi\r & !
 ,sanctifi]1 ( ! believ]1 & take?  him =
 8 reconcil$ *ild 9 ,*ri/1 & deliv]e? to
 him1 by  solemn inve/iture1 ! p>don (  
all 8 s9s1 & title to !  m]cies ( ?is   
life & ( t :i* is to come4 ,:at ,i say 9

 ?is  description ( a p5it5t believ]1 is
 also to be und]/ood ( !  *ildr5 ( su* t
 are d$icat$ by !m 9 baptism to ,god1 :o
  !reupon h _! portion 9 ! same cov5ant 
( grace4    ,! ^w baptism is tak5 9 !   
fir/ s5se :5 ,simon ,magus is said  to  
be baptiz$1 ,acts xxviii4 ,& :5 we speak
 ( x only 9 !  ecclesia/ic s5se1 z x is 
true baptism 9 =o ecclesi2 b x  is tak5 
9 ! latt] s5se :5 x is spok5 ( z !      
complete  ord9ance ( ,god1 9 ! s5se ( ! 
in/itution1 & z respect+  ! prop] ends (
 baptism1 z p>don ( s9 & life et]nal2 & 
9  =o cli4    ,9 ?is full & prop] s5se x
 is tak5 by ,*ri/ :5 he sai?1  ,m>k xvi4
 #af1 ,he t believe? & is baptiz$ %all  
be sav$2 t  is1 he t believe?1 & is by  
baptism ent]$ into ! cov5ant (  ,god2 & 
9 ?is s5se ! anci5ts took x1 :5 !y      
affirm$ t  all t 7 baptiz$ 7 reg5]at$1  
p>don$1 & made !  *ildr5 ( ,god4 ,& 9   
?is s5se x is mo/ true1 t he t is       
baptiz$ 7t is1 is a s9c]e cov5ant]7 %all
 be sav$ if he die  9 t condition t he  
is !n 94#dj ,all t ! m9i/]  w>rantably  

baptize?1 are sacram5tally reg5]ate1 &  
are 9 =o  ecclesi memb]s ( ,*ri/1 &     
*ildr5 ( ,god1 & heirs ( heav53  b x is 
only ^? t are s9c]ely deliv]$ up 9      
cov5ant to  ,god 9 ,*ri/1 t are         
spiritually & really reg5]ate1 & are    
su* z %all be own$ = memb]s ( ,*ri/ &   
*ildr5 ( ,god 9  =o cli4 ,!re=e x is n  
unfit t ! m9i/] call !  baptiz$1        
reg5]ate & p>don$ memb]s ( ,*ri/1 &     
*ildr5 (  ,god1 & heirs ( heav51 suppos+
 t 9 =o ecclesi !y 7  ! due subjects (  
baptism4 ,b if ! p]sons be su* z ought n
  to be baptiz$1 ! s9 !n is n 9 call+   
baptiz$ p]sons  reg5]ate1 b 9 baptiz+ ^?
 t ought n to h be5  baptiz$1 & to :om !
 seal ( ! cov5ant 0 n due4    ,none     
ought to be baptiz$ b ^? t ei!r         
p]sonally deliv] up  !mselves 9 cov5ant 
to ,god ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/1   
pr(ess+ a true rep5tance1 & fai?1 &     
cons5t to ! cov5ant2  or else are ?us   
deliv]$ up1 & d$icat$1 & ent]$ into     
cov5ant 9 _! infancy1 by ^? t1 be+      
*ri/ians !mselves1  h s mu* int]e/ 9 !m 

& p[] ( !m1 t _! act may be  e/eem$ z ! 
infants' act1 & legally imput$ to !m z  
if  !mselves _h done x4 ,if any o!rs are
 unduly baptiz$1 !y h  h]eby no title to
 ! p>don ( s9 or life et]nal1 nor are !y
  tak5 by ,god to be 9 cov5ant1 z hav+  
no way cons5t$ to x4    ,direct4 ,,iv4  
,:5 y ent] a *ild into ! *ri/ian cov5ant
 )  ,god1 address y\rselves to x z to "o
 ( ! greate/ works 9 !  _w2 z ^? t "k ! 
greatness ( ! b5efit1 ( ! duty1  & ( !  
dang]4 ,! b5efit to !m t are s9c]e 9 !  
cov5ant1 is no less ?an to h ! p>don (  
all our s9s1 & to  h ,god himself to be 
our ,god & ,fa!r1 & ,*ri/ our ,savi\r1 &
  ! ,holy ,gho/ our ,sanctifi]1 & to h  
title to ! bless+s (  ?is life & ( t to 
come4 ,& = ! duty1 h[ great a "w x  is =
 a s9n] to ent] into s solemn a cov5ant 
) ! ,god (  heav51 = reconciliation &   
newness ( life1 & = salvation6 ,&  !re=e
 if any %\ld abuse ,god by hypocrisy1 & 
take on !m to  cons5t to ! t]ms ( !     
cov5ant1 7= !mselves1 or _!  *ildr517 :5
 inde$ !y d n1 ! dang] ( su* pr(an5ess &

  abuse ( ,god mu/ ne$s be great4 ,d x  
!re=e ) t due  prep>ation1 rev]5ce1 &   
s]i\sness1 z beseeme? ^? t are          
transact+ a bus9ess ( su* unspeakable   
importance ) ,god  ,almighty4           
,direct4 ,v4 ,hav+ be5 ent]$ 9 y\r      
infancy into ! cov5ant (  ,god by y\r   
p>5ts1 y mu/1 at ye>s ( discretion1     
review !  cov5ant :i* by !m y made1 &   
r5ew x p]sonally y\rselves2  & ?is ) z  
great s]i\sness & resolution z if y 7 n[
  fir/ to ent] & subscribe x1 & z if y\r
 ev]la/+ life or  dea? 7 to dep5d on !  
s9c]ity ( y\r cons5t & p]=mance4  ,= y\r
 infant baptismal cov5ant+ w save none (
 y t live  to ye>s ( discretion1 & d n z
 he>tily own x 9 _! own  p]sons1 z if !y
 _h be5 n[ to be baptiz$4 ,b ?is ,i pass
 by1  hav+ said s mu* ( x 9 my ,book (  
,confirmation4    ,sid5ote3 ,( r5ew+ !  
cov5ant (t4    ,direct4 ,,vi4 ,y\r      
cov5ant ?us1 #a4 ,made2 #b4 ,solemniz$  
by baptism2  #c4 ,& own$ at age2 mu/1   
#d4 ,be frequ5tly r5ew$ ?r\gh ! :ole    
c\rse ( y\r lives4 ,z1 7#a47 ,y\r fir/  

cons5t mu/ be habitually  cont9u$ all   
y\r days2 = if t cease?1 y\r grace &    
title to  ! b5efits ( ,god's cov5ant    
cease?4 7#b47 ,?is cov5ant is  virtually
 r5ew$ 9 e act ( wor%ip to ,god2 = y    
speak to him  z y\r ,god 9 cov5ant1 &   
(f] y\rselves to him z 8 cov5ant$  p4   
7#c47 ,?is cov5ant %\ld be actually     
r5ew$ frequ5tly 9  pray] & m$itation1 & 
o!r su* acts ( communion ) ,god4 7#d47  
,especially :5 aft] a fall we beg !     
p>don ( our s9s1 & !  m]cies ( !        
cov5ant1 & on days ( humiliation &      
?anksgiv+1  & 9 great di/resses1 or     
exhil>at+ m]cies4 7#e47 ,& ! ,"l's      
supp] is an ord9ance in/itut$ to ?is v  
end4 ,x is no small  "p ( our *ri/ian   
dilig5ce & wat*fulness1 to keep up &    
r5ew  our cov5ant cons5t4    ,direct4   
,,vii4 ,& z c>eful mu/ y be to keep or  
p]=m y\r  cov5ant1 z to ent] x1 & r5ew  
x2 :i* is done1 #a4 ,by  cont9u+ our    
cons5t2 #b4 ,by s9c]e ob$i5ce2 #c4 ,& by
  p]sev]ance4 ,we d n 7nor d>e n7       
promise to obey p]fectly1 nor  promise  

to be z ob$i5t z ! high] & bett] sort ( 
*ri/ians1  ?\gh we desire bo?2 b to obey
 s9c]ely we mu/ ne$s promise1  because  
we mu/ ne$s p]=m x4    ,ob$i5ce is      
s9c]e1 #a4 ,:5 ! radical cons5t or      
subjection ( !  he>t to ,god 9 ,*ri/ is 
habitually & he>tily cont9u$4 #b4 ,:5   
,god's int]e/ 9 u is mo/ pr$om9ant1 & 8 
au?ority & law  c d m ) u1 ?an any      
fle%ly lu/ or worldly int]e/1 or  ?an ! 
au?ority1 ^w1 or p]suasions ( any man   
:osoev]4 #c4 ,:5  we unfeign$ly desire  
to be p]fect1 & habitually & ord9>ily  h
 a pr$om9ant love to all t is good1 & a 
hatr$ to t  :i* is evil2 & _h r d our   
duty ?an be excus$ f x1 &  r be sav$ f  
our s9 ?an keep x4    ,direct4 ,,viii4  
,:ile y s9c]ely cons5t unto ! cov5ant1  
live by  fai? ^u ! promis$ b5efits ( x1 
believ+ t ,god w make  good on 8 "p all 
t he ha? promis$4 ,take x = y\r title to
  p>don1 son%ip1 & et]nal life4 ,o ?9k  
:at a m]cy x is to h  ,god 9 cov5ant ) y
 to be y\r ,god1 y\r ,fa!r1 ,savi\r1    
,sanctifi]1 & felicity6 ,& 9 ?is        

cont9ually rejoice4    #ch ,quis v]o non
 doleat baptismo pl]osque adultos initio
 passim et  no/ro tempore non r>o ante  
p]fundi quam *ri/ianam cate*es9 vel     
m$iocrit] t5eant1 neque an flagitios et 
sup]/itios vit  pnit5tia tangantur1     
neque v]o id ipsum quod accipiunt1 an   
vel9t  accip]e1 satis con/et4 ,aco/a1 l4
 vi4 c4 #b4 p4 #ebj4 ,nisi petant et    
in/5t1 *ri/ian vit pr(essione don&i non 
sunt4 ,idem4 p4 #eba4  ,& aga91 ,:ile   
ignorant or wick$ m5 d ha/5 any h[1 by  
"r or  wrong1 by guile or =ce1 to make !
 b>b>\s p *ri/ians1  !y d no?+ else b   
make ! gospel a scorn1 & c]ta9ly  de/roy
 ! des]t]s ( a ra%ly und]tak5 fai?4 ,id4
 ibid4 p4 #ebb4    #ci ,see ! ,re=m$    
,liturgy1 p4 #fh4    #dj ,read !        
,propositions ( ! ,synod 9 ,new ,engl&1 
& !  ,def5ce ( !m aga9/ ,mr4 ,dav5port1 
ab\t ! subject ( ,baptism4              
,,*apt] ,,iv4    ,,directions ,,ab\t ,,!
 ,,pr(ession ,,( ,,our ,,religion ,,to  
,,o!rs4      ,direct4 ,i4 ,und]/& fir/  
h[ great a duty ! pr(ession ( true      

religion is1 t y may n ?9k z "s fooli%  
p1 t e  man %\ld conceal 8 religion1 or 
keep x to himself4#da ,obs]ve  !re=e ^! 
reasons foll[+ :i* require x4    #a4    
,our tongues & bodies are made to       
ex]cise & %[ =? t  ackn[l$gm5t &        
adoration ( ,god :i* is 9 our he>ts4 ,& 
z he  d5ie? ,god ) ! he>t :o do? n      
believe 9 him & wor%ip him  9 8 he>t1 s 
he d5ie? ,god imputatively ) 8 tongue & 
life1  :o do? n pr(ess & hon\r him ) 8  
tongue & life2 & s  he is a practical   
a!i/4 ,isa4 xlv4 #bc-be1 ,i h sworn by  
myself1  ! ^w is gone out ( my m\? 9    
righte\sness1 & %all n  return1 ,t unto 
me e knee %all b[1 e tongue %all swe>4  
,surely %all "o say1 ,9 ! ,"l h ,i      
righte\sness &  /r5g?--,9 ! ,"l %all all
 ! se$ ( ,israel be ju/ifi$1 &  %all    
glory4 ,s ,phil4 ii4 #i-aa1 ,:]e=e ,god 
also ha? highly  exalt$ him1 & giv5 him 
a "n above e "n1 t at ! "n  ( ,jesus e  
knee %\ld b[--& t e tongue %\ld confess 
t ,jesus ,*ri/ is ,"l1 to ! glory ( ,god
 ! ,fa!r4 ,isa4 xliv4  #e1 ,"o %all say1

 ,i am ! ,"l's2 & ano!r %all call him by
 !  "n ( ,jacob2 & ano!r %all subscribe 
) 8 h& unto !  ,"l1 & surname himself by
 ! "n ( ,israel4    #b4 ,! public       
assemblies1 & wor%ip ( ,god1 are        
purposely appo9t$  by him1 t 9 !m we    
might make op5 pr(ession ( our religion4
 ,he  t d5ie? pr(ession1 d5ie? ! public 
fai? & wor%ip ( !  *ur*1 & d5ie? baptism
 & ! ,"l's supp]1 :i* are  sacram5ts    
appo9t$ = ! solemn pr(ession ( our fai?4
    #c4 ,our pr(ession is ne$ful to our 
glorify+ ,god4 ,m5 see n our  he>ts1 nor
 "k :e!r we believe 9 ,god or n1 nor :at
 we believe  ( him1 till !y he> or see x
 9 our pr(ession & actions4 ,paul's     
life & dea? 0 a pr(ession ( ,*ri/1 t 9 8
 boldness  ,*ri/ might be magnifi$ 9 8  
body1 ,phil4 i4 #bj4 ,matt4 v4 #ad-af1  
,ye are ! light ( ! _w3 a city t is set 
on a hill _c be  hid4 ,nei!r d m5 light 
a c&le to put x "u a bu%el1 b on a      
c&le/ick1 & x give? light to all t are 9
 ! h\se4 ,let  y\r light s %9e be=e m51 
t !y may see y\r good works1 &  glorify 

y\r ,fa!r :i* is 9 heav54    #d4 ,our   
pr(ession is ! means ( sav+ o!rs3 t :i* 
is secret1  is no means to pr(it !m4 ,!y
 mu/ see our good works t !y may        
glorify ,god1 ,phil4 i4 #ab-ad4    #e4  
,god ha? requir$ our op5 & bold         
pr(ession ( him1 ) !  /ricte/ comm&s1 & 
^u ! greate/ p5alties4 #a ,pet4 v4 #c1  
,sanctify ! ,"l ,god 9 y\r he>ts1 & be  
ready always to give an  answ] to e man 
t aske? y a reason ( ! hope t is 9  y ) 
meekness & fe>4 ,rom4 x4 #i1 #aj1 ,if ?\
 %alt confess  ) ?y m\? ! ,"l ,jesus1 & 
%alt believe 9 ?y he>t t ,god  ha? rais$
 him f ! dead1 ?\ %alt be sav$3 = ) !   
he>t  man believe? unto righte\sness1 & 
) ! m\? confession is  made unto        
salvation4 ,m>k viii4 #ch1 ,:osoev] %all
 be a%am$ ( me  & ( my words1 9 ?is     
adult]\s & s9ful g5]ation1 ( him also   
%all ! ,son ( man be a%am$1 :5 he come? 
9 ! glory ( 8  ,fa!r ) ! holy angels4#db
    ,direct4 ,,ii4 ,next1 und]/& :at x  
is 9 religion t y mu/  pr9cipally       
pr(ess4#dc ,x is n e less] tru?1 mu*    

less e  op9ion ( y\r own1 9 :i* y are   
confid5t t y are wis]  ?an y\r bre?r54  
,?is is ! mean+ ( ,rom4 xiv4 #bb1 ,ha/  
?\  fai?8 h x to ?yself be=e ,god4 ,by  
fai? "h is n meant  ! sub/ance ( !      
*ri/ian belief1 or any "o necess>y      
article (  x4 ,b a belief ( ! indiff]5cy
 ( su* ?+s z ,paul spake (1  9 meats &  
dr9ks4 ,if ?\ "k ^! ?+s to be lawful :5 
?y  weak bro!r do? n1 & s ?\ be wis] ?an
 he1 ?ank ,god = ?y  k1 & use x to ?y   
own salvation2 b d n pr\dly &           
un*>itably cont5d = x1 & use x          
un*>itably to ! dang] (  ano!r's s\l1   
mu* less to ! wrong ( ! *ur* & gospel1 &
  ! h9d]ance ( great] tru?s4 #b ,tim4   
ii4 #ad1 ,( ^! ?+s put  !m 9            
remembrance1 7t is1 ( ! sa9ts' hope 9   
,god's  fai?fulness17 *>g+ !m be=e ! ,"l
 t !y /rive n  ab\t words to no pr(it1 b
 ! subv]t+ ( ! he>]s4 ,yet =  ! fai? we 
mu/ e>ne/ly cont5d1 ,jude #b1 #c4 #b    
,tim4 ii4 #bc1 #bd1  ,b fooli% & unle>n$
 que/ions avoid1 kn[+ t !y d  g5d]      
/rife4 ,& ! s]vant ( ! ,"l mu/ n /rive1 

b be  g5tle to all m54    ,b t :i* is ! 
*iefe/ matt] ( our pr(ession is1 ,! be+ 
& p]fections ( ,god himself2 8 love to  
man1 & p[] ov] him1  & man's subjection 
& obligations unto ,god2 ! p]son1 &     
(fice1  & works1 & b5efits ( our        
,r$eem]1 ) all ! duty t we owe  to him 9
 p]fect hol9ess1 & all ! hopes t we h 9 
him2 !  happ9ess ( ! sa9ts1 ! odi\sness 
( s91 & ! mis]y ( !  wick$4 ,^!1 & su* z
 ^!1 are ?+s t we are call$ to  pr(ess2 
yet s z n to d5y or r5\nce ! smalle/    
tru?4    ,direct4 ,,iii4 ,und]/& also ! 
mann] h[ we mu/ make pr(ession  (       
religion4 #a4 ,!re is a pr(ess+ by      
words1 & a pr(ess+ by  actions4 #b4 ,!re
 is a solemn pr(ession by ,god's public 
ord9ances1  & an occasional or privat]  
pr(ession by conf]5ce1 or by our        
conv]sations4 ,& all ^! ways mu/        
religion be pr(ess$4    ,direct4 ,,iv4  
,und]/& also ! season ( ea* sort (      
pr(ession1  t y omit n ! season1 nor d x
 unseasonably4 #a4 ,pr(ession by        
baptism1 ,"l's supp]1 & *ur* assemblies1

 mu/ be done 9 _!  season1 :i* ! *ur*   
guides are ! conductors (4 #b4          
,pr(ession  by an innoc5t1 blameless1   
ob$i5t life is nev] out ( season4 #c4   
,pr(ession by private conf]5ce1 & by    
occasional acts ( piety1  mu/ be :5     
opportunity invite? u1 & !y are likely  
to atta9  _! ends4 #d4 ,! :ole frame ( a
 believ]'s life %\ld be s holy1  &      
heav5ly1 & mortifi$1 & above ! _w1 z may
 am\nt to a  s]i\s pr(ession t he live? 
9 confid5t hope ( ! life to  come1 & may
 %[ ! _w ! diff]5ce betwe5 a worldl+ &  
an  heir ( heav52 betwe5 corrupt$ nature
 & true grace4 ,!  pr(essors ( godl9ess 
mu/ be a peculi> p1 zeal\s ( good       
works1 & adorn$ ) !m4#dd    ,direct4 ,v4
 ,take special c>e t y\r pr(ession be   
s9c]e1 &  t y be y\rselves z good z y   
pr(ess to be4 ,o!rwise1 #a4  ,y\r       
pr(ession w condemn y\rselves4 #b4 ,& x 
w di%on\r !  tru? :i* y deceitfully     
pr(ess4 ,!re c sc>ce a great] injury    
befall a good cause1 ?an to h a bad &   
%ameful patron to def5d  x4 ,rom4 ii4   

#c1 ,& ?9ke/ ?\ ?is1 ,o man1 t judge/ !m
  :i* d su* ?+s1 & do/ ! same1 t ?\ %alt
 escape !  judgm5t ( ,god4 ,v]se #bc-be1
 ,?\ t make/ ?y boa/ ( ! law1  ?r\gh    
break+ ! law di%on\re/ ?\ ,god8 ,= ! "n 
( ,god is  blasphem$ among ! g5tiles    
?r\gh y--4    ,direct4 ,,vi4 ,let n y\r 
pr(ession be s mu* ( y\r own s9c]ity  z 
( ,god & 8 excell5cies3 boa/ n (        
y\rselves1 b ( ,god  & ,*ri/1 & !       
promise1 & ! hope ( true believ]s2 & d x
  to ,god's praise1 & n = y\r own4 ,be  
sure t 9 all y\r  pr(ession ( religion1 
y be seek+ hon\r to ,god1 & n unto      
y\rselves4 ,& !n 9 ?is mann] he t d\bte?
 ( 8 own  s9c]ity1 yet may & mu/ make   
pr(ession ( ,*ri/ & true  religion2 :5 y
 _c proclaim ! uprightness ( y\r own    
he>ts1  y may boldly proclaim !         
excell5cies ( religion1 & !  happ9ess ( 
sa9ts4    ,direct4 ,,vii4 ,live ^u ,god 
alone1 & tru/ 8 all-suffici5cy1  & abhor
 t pusillanimity & bas5ess ( _s :i*     
make? m5  afraid or a%am$ op5ly to own !
 tru?4 ,rememb] ! example (  y\r ,"l1 :o

 be=e ,pontius ,pilate witness$ a good  
confession1 #a  ,tim4 vi4 #ac2 :o came =
 ?is end into ! _w1 to be> witness to  !
 tru?1 ,john xviii4 #cg4 ,fe> n ! face (
 man1 ^: brea? is  9 8 no/rils1 & is    
p]i%+ ev5 :ile he is ?reat5+4#de ,if  ?\
 believe n t ,*ri/ c secure !e f ! rage 
( man1  ?\ believe/ n inde$ 9 ,*ri/4 ,if
 ?\ believe n t heav5  w satisfy = all t
 by scorns or cruelties ?\ suff]e/ f    
s9n]s1 ?\ ha/ n inde$ ! hope ( a        
believ]4 ,& no wond] if  ?\ pr(ess n t  
:i* ?\ believe/ n4 ,b if ?\ believe  t  
,god is ,god1 & ,*ri/ is ,*ri/1 & heav5 
is heav51 & !  gospel is true1 ?\ ha/   
en\gh 9 ?y belief to secure !e aga9/    
all ! scorns & cruelties ( man1 & to    
tell !e t ,*ri/ w  be> ?y *>ges1 9 all t
 ?\ suff]e/ = 8 sake4 ,oh :at  abundance
 are secretly conv9c$ ( ! tru?1 & _!    
consci5ces  be> witness to ! wisdom ( ! 
sa9ts1 & a holy life2 & yet  !y d>e n   
op5ly own & /& to ! tru? :i* !y are     
conv9c$ ( = fe> ( be+ mock$ by ! tongues
 ( ! pr(ane1  or = fe> ( los+ _! places 

& pref]m5ts6 ,o wret*1 do/  ?\ n tremble
 :5 ?\ art a%am$ ( ,*ri/1 to ?9k ( ! day
  :5 he w be a%am$ ( !e8 ,!n :5 he comes
 9 glory none w  be a%am$ ( him6 ,!n :]e
 is ! tongue t mock$ him & 8  s]vants8  
,:o !n w d]ide 8 holy ways8 ,!n t w be !
  greate/ glory1 :i* ?\ art n[ a%am$ (4 
,can/ ?\ believe t  day1 & yet hide ?y  
pr(ession1 ?r\gh c[>dly fe> or %ame (   
man8 ,is man s great1 & is ,*ri/ no     
great] 9 ?9e eyes ?an s8  ,if he be n m 
reg>dable ?an man1 believe n 9 him3 if  
he be1  reg>d him m2 & let n a worm be  
pref]r$ be=e ?y ,savi\r4    ,direct4    
,,viii4 ,if any d\bt arise1 :e!r ?\     
%\lde/ n[ make  p>ticul> pr(ession ( !  
tru?1 7z 9 ! pres5ce ( scorn]s1  or :5  
requir$ by magi/rates or o!rs1 c47 let n
 ! advice or  int]e/ ( ! fle% h any h&  
at all 9 ! resolv+ ( !  case2 b let x be
 :olly det]m9$ z ! int]e/ ( ,*ri/       
require?4 ,sp>e ?yself :5 ! int]e/ (    
,*ri/ require? x2 n  = ?yself1 b = him4 
,b :5 8 int]e/ is mo/ promot$ by  ?y    
suff]+1 rejoice t ?\ art any way capable

 ( s]v+  him4#df    ,direct4 ,,ix4 ,?\gh
 sometimes a p>ticul> pr(ession ( ! fai?
  may be unseasonable1 yet y mu/ nev]   
make any pr(ession ( !  contr>y1 ei!r by
 words or actions4 ,tru? may be         
sometimes sil5c$1  b a lie may nev] be  
pr(ess$ or approv$4    ,direct4 ,x4 ,if 
any t pr(ess *ri/ianity reproa* y = !   
pr(ession ( hol9ess & dilig5ce1 conv9ce 
!m t !y  hypocritically pr(ess ! same1 &
 t hol9ess is ess5tial to  *ri/ianity3  
op5 _! baptismal cov5ant to !m1 & !     
,"l's  pray]1 9 :i* !y daily pray t     
,god's w may be done on e>?  ev5 z x is 
9 heav51 :i* is m /rictly ?an ! be/ ( u 
c rea*4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 !m & y is b  
?is1 :e!r we  %\ld be *ri/ians          
hypocritically 9 je/1 or 9 good e>ne/4  
#da ,nemo jam infamiam incutiat2 nemo   
aliud exi/imet3 qu9 nec fas  e/ ulli de 
sua religione m5tiri4 ,ex eo enim quod  
aliud a se coli  dicit quam colit1 et   
culturam et honorem 9 alt]um transf]5do1
 jam  non colit quod negavit3 dicimus1  
et palam dicimus et vobis  torqu5tibus  

lac]ati et cru5ti vocif]amur1 ,deum     
colimus p]  ,*ri/um4 ,t]tul4 ,apolog4 c4
 #aa4    #db #b ,tim4 ii4 #ab2 ,matt4 x4
 #cb1 #cc2 ,luke ix4 #bf4    #dc #a     
,cor4 viii4 #a2 #b ,cor4 x4 #h2 ,rom4   
xv4 #b2 #a ,tim4 i4 #d2 ,tit4 iii4  #i4 
#dd ,tit4 ii4 #ad2 #a ,tim4 ii4 #aj4    
#de ,! ,arians "u ,val5s1 & ! ,v&als1   
/ill sil5c$ !  or?odox prea*]s & =bad _!
 meet+s1 & yet ! p  adh]$ to _! pa/ors &
 kept _! meet+s1 :ile !y c\ld4  ,spius  
prohibitum e/ ut sac]dotes ve/ri        
conv5tus m9ime  celebr>5t1 nec sua      
s$itione animas subv]t]unt *ri/ianas4   
,prcept4 ,hunn]4 9 ,victor4 ,utic4 p4   
#dad4    #df ,matt4 x4 #ah1 #bc1 #cb1   
#cc1 #ch1 #ci2 xii4 #ad1 #ae2 xiv4 #ac2 
,john x4  #ci2 ,heb4 xi4 #bg2 ,acts ix4 
#be4          ,,*apt] ,v4               
,,directions ,,ab\t ,,v[s ,,& ,,p>ticul>
 ,,cov5ants ,,) ,,god4      ,tit4 #a4   
,directions = ! ,"r ,mak+ su* ,v[s &    
,cov5ants4    ,sid5ote3 ,:at a v[ is4   
,direct4 ,i4 ,und]/& ! nature ( a v[1 & 
! use to :i* x  is appo9t$4    ,a v[ is 

a promise made to ,god4 #a4 ,x is n a   
b>e ass]tion or  negation4 #b4 ,x is n a
 m]e pollicitation1 or expression ( !   
purpose or resolution ( ! m9d3 = he t   
sai? or meane? no  m ?an1 ,i am purpos$ 
or resolv$ to d ?is1 may ^u suffici5t   
reason d ! contr>y2 = he may *ange 8 m9d
 & resolution1  )\t any untru? or injury
 to any4 #c4 ,x is n a m]e devot+ (  a  
?+ to ,god = ! pres5t by actual         
resignation4 ,= ! pres5t  actual deliv]y
 ( a ?+ to sacr$ uses is no promise = ! 
future3 ?\gh we usually jo9 !m bo?      
toge!r1 yet devov]e may  be sep>at$ f   
vov]e4 #d4 ,x mu/ be !re=e a promise1   
:i*  is1 a volunt>y oblig+ ones self to 
ano!r de futuro = "s  good4 #e4 ,x is   
!re=e impli$ t x be ! act ( a rational  
creature1 & ( "o t 9 t act ha? "s       
compet5t use (  reason1 & n ( a fool1 or
 idiot1 or mad-man1 or a *ild t ha?  n  
reason = su* an act1 no nor ( a         
bra9-sick or melan*oly  p]son1 :o 7?\gh 
he be ct]a sanus7 is ei!r delirant 9 t  
bus9ess1 or is irresi/ibly borne d[n &  

necessitat$ by 8  disease to v[ aga9/ ! 
sob]1 delib]ate conclusion ( 8 reason   
at o!r times1 hav+ at ! "t ( v[+1 reason
 en\gh to /rive  aga9/ ! act1 b n       
self-gov]nm5t en\gh to re/ra9 a         
passionate1 melan*oly v[4 #f4 ,:]eas "s 
casui/s make delib]ation  necess>y1 x   
mu/ be und]/ood t to ! be+ ( a v[ s mu* 
delib]ation is requisite z may make x a 
rational human act1 x mu/  be an act (  
reason2 b = any fur!r delib]ation1 x is 
necess>y  only to ! well-be+1 & n to !  
be+ ( a v[1 & )\t x  x is a ra% v[1 b n 
no v[4#dg #g4 ,:5 we say1 x mu/ be a    
volunt>y act1 ! mean+ is n t x mu/ be   
totally &  absolutely volunt>y1 )\t any 
fe> or ?reat5+ to induce u to  x2 b only
 t x be really volunt>y1 t is1 an act ( 
*oice1  by a free ag5t1 t consid]+ all  
?+s do? *oose s to d4 ,he  t ha? a sword
 set to 8 brea/1 & do? swe> or v[ to    
save 8  life1 do? d x volunt>ily1 z     
*oos+ r to d x ?an to die4  ,man hav+   
free-w1 may *oose r to die1 ?an v[1 if  
he ?9k  be/3 8 w may be mov$ by fe>1 b  

_c be =c$ by any "o1  or any means      
:atsoev]4 #h4 ,:5 ,i say t a v[ is a    
promise1 ,i  imply t ! matt] ( x is     
necess>ily "s real or suppos$ good2  to 
be good1 or to d good1 or n to d evil4  
,evil may be ! matt]  ( an oa?1 b x is n
 prop]ly a v[1 if ! matt] be n  suppos$ 
good4 #i4 ,x is a promise made to ,god1 
t we are n[  speak+ (2 :e!r ! "n ( a v[ 
belong to a promise made only  to man1  
is a "q de nom9e1 :i* we ne$ n /op at4  
,sid5ote3 ,! sorts ( v[s4    ,a v[ is   
ei!r a simple promise to ,god1 or a     
promise b\nd ) an  oa? or imprecation4  
,"s w\ld appropriate ! "n ( a v[ to ?is 
la/ sort only1 7:5 m5 swe> !y w d ?is or
 t17 :i*  inde$ is ! mo/ =midable sort (
 v[+2 b ! true nature ( a  v[ is f\nd   
also 9 a simple self-oblig+ promise4    
,sid5ote3 ,! use ( v[s4    ,! true      
reason & use ( v[s is b = ! m c]ta9 &   
effectual p]=mance ( our duties3 n to   
make new laws1 & duties1  & religions = 
u1 b to drive on ! backw>d1 l+]+ s\l to 
d its duty1 & to break ov] difficulties 

& delays3 t by  /r5g!n+ our bonds1 &    
sett+ ! dang] be=e our eyes1 we  may be 
excit$ to escape x4    ,sid5ote3 ,!     
obligation ( v[s4    ,x is a great "q1  
:e!r our own v[s c add any new          
obligation to t :i* be=e lay ^u u f !   
comm& ( ,god4  ,amesius sai?1 7,cas4    
,consc4 lib4 iv4 c4 #af47 ,non additur  
proprie 9  i/is nova obligatio1 neque   
augetur 9 se prior3 s$ magis agnoscitur 
et recipitur a nobis3 passive 9 i/is que
 fuimus antea obligati3 s$  activa      
recognitione arctius nobis applicatur a 
nobismetipsis4 ,o!rs  commonly speak (  
an additional obligation2 & inde$ !re is
 a  d\ble obligation add$ by a v[1 to t 
:i* ,god be=e _h laid on  u1 to ! matt] 
( t v[4 ,premis+ ?is di/9ction betwe5   
obligatio impon5tis1 a gov]n+           
obligation1 7:i* is ! effect  ( gov]n+  
"r or au?ority17 & obligatio            
cons5ti5tis1 a  self-oblig+ by volunt>y 
cons5t1 7:i* is ! effect ( t  dom9ion   
:i* a rational free ag5t ha? ov] 8 own  
actions17 ,i  say1 #a4 ,he t v[e? do?   

oblige himself1 :o be=e 0 oblig$ by     
,god only2 & t a man ha? a p[] to oblige
 himself1 is disc]n$  by ! light (      
nature1 & is ! gr\nd ( ! law ( nations1 
&  ( human conv]se3 & ?\gh ?is is no    
div9e obligation1 yet x is  n !re=e none
 at all4 #b4 ,b moreov] he t v[e? do?   
induce  ^u himself a new div9e          
obligation1 by mak+ himself ! subject ( 
x4 ,= example2 ,god ha? said1 ,hon\r !  
,"l ) ?y sub/ance3  ?is comm& oblige? me
 to obey x :e!r ,i v[ x or n4 ,! same   
,god ha? said1 ,pay ?y v[s to ! ,mo/    
,high1 ,psal4 l4 #ad2 &1  ,:5 ?\ v[e/ a 
v[ to ,god1 def] n to pay x1 ,eccles4 v4
 #d4  ,?is laye? no obligation on me    
till ,i v[2 b :5 ,i h v[$ x  do?3 s t n[
 ,i am "u a d\ble div9e obligation1 7"o 
to !  matt] ( ! duty1 & ano!r to keep my
 v[17 & "u a  self-obligation ( my own  
v[3 :5ce also a great] p5alty w be  due 
if ,i n[ (f5d1 ?an else w\ld h be54     
,h5ce y may see :at to ?9k ( ! common   
det]m9ation (  casui/s conc]n+ v[s      
mat]ially s9ful1 :5 !y say1 a man is  n 

oblig$ to keep !m4 ,x is only ?us f>    
true1 t ,god oblige?  him n to d t      
p>ticul> ?+ :i* he v[e?1 = ,god _h  be=e
 =bidd5 x1 & he *ange? n 8 laws ^u man's
 ra%  v[+s2 b yet !re is a              
self-obligation :i* he laid ^u himself  
to d x3 & ?is self-obligation to a s9ful
 act1 0 itself a s91  & to be rep5t$ (1 
& n p]=m$2 b x br+e? ! p]son  "u a d\ble
 obligation to p5alty1 z a p]jur$ p]son1
 ev5 ,god's  obligation :o b9de? !      
p]jur$ to p5alty1 & ! obligation (  8   
own cons5t to ! puni%m5t1 if !re 0 any  
oa? or  imprecation 9 ! v[4 ,if x 7 true
 t su* a p]son _h br\ght  himself "u no 
obligation at all1 !n he c\ld n be      
prop]ly  call$ p]jur$1 nor puni%$ z     
p]jur$2 b he t swe>e? &  v[e? to d evil1
 7z ! ,jews to kill ,paul17 ?\gh he     
ought n to  d ! ?+1 7because ,god       
=bidde? x17 yet he is a p]jur$ p]son  = 
break+ 8 v[1 & des]ve? ! p5alty1 n only 
( a ra%  v[]1 b ( "o p]jur$4 ,?us error 
may make a man s9ful &  mis]able1 ?\gh x
 _c w>rant him to s94    ,direct4 ,,ii4 

,try well ! matt] ( y\r v[s1 & v5ture n 
on  !m till y are sure t !y are n ?+s   
=bidd53 ?+s  s9ful or d\btful are n fit 
matt] = a v[3 9 ass]t+1  subscrib+1 &   
witness+1 y %\ld take c>e1 t y "k       
assur$ly t ! matt] be true1 & v5ture n  
^u t :i* may  prove false2 mu* m %\ld y 
take c>e t y v5ture n  d\bt+ly 9 v[s &  
oa?s4 ,!y are matt]s to be h&l$ )  dread
 & t5d]ness1 & n to be play$ )1 & ra%ly 
v5tur$  on1 z if x 7 b ! speak+ ( a     
common ^w3 ,be n ra% )  ?y m\?1 & let n 
?y he>t be ha/y to utt] any ?+ be=e     
,god1 ,eccles4 v4 #b4 ,x is a griev\s   
sn>e t m5 are (t br\ght  into by        
ignorant & ra% v[s2#dh z ! case (       
,jeph?ah1 &  ,h]od1 & _m ano!r tell u = 
our w>n+3 an error 9 su*  cases is mu* m
 safely & *eaply disc]n$ be=e1 ?an      
aft]w>ds4 ,to h a ra% v[ or p]jury to   
rep5t (1 is to set a  bone 9 jo9t1 or   
pull a ?orn out ( y\r v eye2 & :o w\ld  
*oose su* pa9 & sm>t8 ,suff] n ?y m\? to
 cause ?y fle%  to s92 nei!r say ?\ be=e
 ! angel t x 0 an error3  :]e=e %\ld    

,god be angry at ?y voice1 & de/roy ! "w
 (  ?y h&s1 ,eccles4 v4 #f4 ,x is a sn>e
 to ! man :o dev\re? t  :i* is holy1 &  
aft] v[s to make inquiry1 ,prov4 xx4    
#be4 ,be  c>eful & delib]ate to prev5t  
su* sn>es4    ,direct4 ,,iii4 ,v[ n 9 a 
passion3 /ay till ! /orm be ov]3  :e!r x
 be ang] or desire1 or :atev] ! passion 
be1 delay &  delib]ate be=e y v[2 = :5  
passion is up1 ! judgm5t is  ^u great   
disadvantage4 ,9 y\r passion y are apt  
to be mo/  p]emptory & confid5t :5 y are
 mo/ deceiv$3 if x be y\r  duty to v[1 x
 w be y\r duty to-morr[ :5 y are calm4  
,if y  say1 t duty mu/ n be delay$1 & t 
y mu/ d x :ile !  ,_s move? y3 ,i answ]1
 ,0 x n z mu* a duty be=e y\r  passion 0
 k9dl$ z n[8 ,x is no s9ful delay+ ( s  
great a  duty1 to /ay till y h well     
prov$ :e!r x be ( ,god4 ,if x be  ! ,_s 
( ,*ri/ t move? y to x1 he w be will+ t 
y delib]ate & try x by t ^w :i* ! same  
,_s ha?  indit$ to be y\r rule4 ,god's  
,_s worke? pr9cipally ^u !  judgm5t & ! 
w1 by settl$ convictions1 :i* w endure a

  rational trial3 x is lik] to be y\r   
own _s :i* worke?  pr9cipally on !      
passion1 & w n endure ! trial1 nor come 
into ! light1 ,john iii4 #ah1 #ai2 ,isa4
 viii4 #bj4    ,direct4 ,,iv4 ,make n a 
v[ ( ?+s indiff]5t & unnecess>y3 if  !y 
be n good1 9 a true1 comp>+1 practical  
judgm5t1 :i*  consid]e? all accid5ts &  
circum/ances1 !y are no fit matt]  = a  
v[4 ,"s say1 ?+s indiff]5t are ! fitte/ 
matt] bo?  = v[s & human laws2 b ei!r !y
 speak improp]ly or untruly1  & !re=e   
dang]\sly at ! be/4 ,if an idle ^w be a 
s91 !n  an idle action is n a ?+ to be  
v[$1 because x is n a ?+  to be done1   
be+ z truly a s9 z an idle ^w3 & t :i*  
is  :olly indiff]5t is idle2 = if x be  
good = any ?+1 x is  n :olly indiff]5t2 
& because x is antec$5tly useless1 x is 
consequ5tly s9ful to be done4           
,object4 ,i4 ,b ^? t say ?+s indiff]5t  
may be v[$1 mean  n1 ?+s useless or     
unpr(itable to any good end2 b only ^?  
?+s t are good & useful1 b n comm&$3 su*
 z are !  matt] ( ,god's c\nsels1 & t5d 

to man's p]fection1 z to v[  *a/ity1    
pov]ty1 & absolute ob$i5ce4    ,answ4   
,!re are no su* ?+s z are morally good1 
& n  comm&$3 ?is is ! fiction ( m5 t h a
 m9d to accuse ,god's  laws & gov]nm5t (
 imp]fection1 & ?9k s9ful man c d  bett]
 ?an he is comm&$1 :5 none b ,*ri/ ev]  
did s  well4#di    ,que/4 ,i4 ,:at is   
moral goodness 9 any creature & subject1
 b a  con=mity to 8 rul]'s w express$ 9 
8 law8 ,& if ?is  con=mity be its v =m &
 be+1 x _c be t any ?+  %\ld be morally 
good t is n comm&$4    ,que/4 ,,ii4 ,do?
 n ! law ( ,god comm& u to love him )   
all  our he>t1 & s\l1 & /r5g?1 &        
accord+ly to s]ve him8 ,&  is x possible
 to give him m ?an all2 or c ,god come  
aft] &  c\nsel u to give him m ?an is   
possible8    ,que/4 ,,iii4 ,do? n ! law 
( nature oblige u to s]ve ,god to !     
utmo/ ( our p[]8 ,he t d5ie? x1 is      
become unnatural1 & mu/  d5y ,god to be 
,god1 or d5y himself to be 8 rational   
creature3 =  no?+ is m cle> 9 nature1   
?an t ! creature :o is  no?+1 & ha? no?+

 b f ,god1 & is absolutely 8 own1  do?  
owe him all t he is able to d4    ,que/4
 ,,iv4 ,do? n ,*ri/ det]m9e ! case to 8 
disciples1 ,luke  xvii4 #aj8    ,a      
middle betwe5 good & evil 9 morality is 
a contradiction3 !re  is no su* ?+2 =   
good & evil are ! :ole ( morality3 )\t  
^! species !re is no morality4          
,object4 ,,ii4 ,x seems !n y hold t !re 
is no?+  indiff]5t1 :i* is a p>adox4    
,sid5ote3 ,:e!r any ?+s be indiff]5t8   
,answ4 ,no su* matt]3 !re are ?\s&s &   
millions ( ?+s  t are indiff]5t2 b !y   
are ?+s natural only1 & n ?+s  moral4   
,!y are indiff]5t z to moral good &     
evil1 because !y  are nei!r2 b !y are n 
indiff]5tia moralia3 !  indiff]5cy is a 
negation ( any morality 9 !m 9 g5]e1 z  
well z ( bo? ! species ( morality4#ej   
,:atsoev] p>ticipate?  n ( virtue or    
vice1 & is n eligible or refusable by a 
moral  ag5t z su*1 ha? no morality 9 x4 
,!re may be two words s equal  z x may  
be indiff]5t :i* y speak2 & two eggs s  
equal1 z  t x may be indiff]5t :i* y    

eat2 b t is no m ?an to  say1 ! *oos+ ( 
"o be=e ! o!r is n actus moralis3  !re  
is no matt] ( morality 9 ! *oice4       
,object4 ,,iii4 ,b if !re may be ?+s    
natural t are  indiff]5t1 :y n ?+s      
moral8    ,answ4 ,z goodness is         
conv]tible ) entity1 !re is no natural  
be+ b is good3 z goodness signifie?     
commodity1 !re is no?+  b is pr(itable  
or hurtful1 & t is good to "o t is      
hurtful  to ano!r3 b if x 7 n s1 yet su*
 goodness or badness is b  accid5tal to 
natural be+2 b moral goodness & badness 
is !  :ole ess5ce ( morality4           
,object4 ,,iv4 ,b do? n ! apo/le say1   
,he t m>rie? do?  well1 & he t m>rie? n 
do? bett]8 ,!re=e all is n s9  :i* is n 
be/4    ,sid5ote3 ,:e!r m>ry+ be        
indiff]5t8    ,answ4 ,! "q put to !     
apo/le to decide1 0 ab\t m>ry+  or n    
m>ry+1 z x belong$ to all *ri/ians 9    
g5]al1 & n  z x belong$ to ?is or t     
individual p]son by "s special  reason  
diff]5tly f o!rs4 ,& s 9 respect to !   
*ur* 9  g5]al1 ! apo/le det]m9e? t !re  

is no law b9d+ !m to  m>ry1 or n to     
m>ry3 = a law t is made = _m mu/ be     
suit$  to :at is common to ^? _m4 ,n[   
m>riage be+ good = "o &  n = ano!r1 is n
 made ! matt] ( a common law1 nor is x  
fit  to be s1 & s f> is left indiff]5t3 
b because t to mo/ x  0 r a h9d]ance to 
good 9 ^? times ( ! *ur*1 ?an a  help1  
!re=e = ! pres5t necessity1 ! apo/le    
calle?  m>ry+ do+ well1 because x 0 n   
aga9/ any univ]sal law1  & x 0 a /ate t 
0 suitable to "s2 b he calls n  m>ry+   
do+ bett]1 because x 0 !n m ord9>ily    
suit$ to  ! ends ( *ri/ianity4 ,n[ ,god 
make? n a di/9ct law = e  individual    
p]son 9 ! *ur*2 b "o univ]sal law = all3
 &  ?is be+ a ?+ v>iable accord+ to !   
v>i\s cases (  individual p]sons1 0     
unfit to be p>ticul>ly det]m9$ by a     
univ]sal law4 ,b if ! "q _h be5 only (  
any "o individual  p]son1 !n ! decision 
w\ld h be5 ?us3 ?\gh m>ry+ is a  ?+ n   
directly comm&$ or =bidd51 yet to "s x  
is helpful  z to moral ends1 to "s x is 
hurtful1 & to "s x is s equal or        

indiff]5t1 t x is nei!r disc]nibly      
helpful nor hurtful2 n[  by ! g5]al laws
 or rules ( ,scripture to !m t          
consid]atis  consid]&is x is disc]nibly 
helpful1 x is n indiff]5t1 b a  duty2 to
 !m t x is disc]nibly hurtful1 x is n   
indiff]5t1  b a s92 to !m t x is nei!r  
disc]nibly helpful or hurtful  z to     
moral ends1 x is indiff]5t1 z be+ nei!r 
duty nor s92  = x is n a ?+ ( moral     
*oice or nature at all4 ,b ! light  (   
nature telle? u t ,god ha? n left x     
indiff]5t to m5 to  h9d] !mselves or to 
help !mselves z to moral ends2 else :y  
pray we1 ,lead u n into temptation8 ,&  
m>riage is s great a  help to "s1 & s   
great a hurt to o!rs1 t no man c say t  
x is morally indiff]5t to all m5 9 ! _w3
 & !re=e t  be+ none ( ! apo/le's mean+1
 x foll[e? t 8 mean+ is  z a=esaid4     
,object4 ,v4 ,b !re are _m ?+s indiff]5t
 9 !mselves1  ?\gh n z clo!d ) all _!   
accid5ts & circum/ances3 &  ^! actions  
be+ good 9 _! accid5ts1 may be ! matt] (
 a  v[4    ,answ4 ,true1 b ^? actions   

are comm&$ duties1 & n ?+s  indiff]5t z 
s circum/antiat$4 ,x is v few actions 9 
!  _w t are made simply duties or s9s1 9
 _! simple nature  )\t _! circum/ances &
 accid5ts3 ! commone/ matt] ( all       
,god's laws1 is actions or dispositions 
:i* are good or evil 9 _!  circum/ances 
& accid5ts4 ,!re=e ,i conclude1 ?+s     
:olly  indiff]5t are n to be v[$4       
,direct4 ,v4 ,x is n e duty t is ! matt]
 ( a lawful v[4  ,else y might h z _m   
v[s z duties3 e good ?\ght1 &  ^w1 & de$
 might h a v[4 ,& !n e s9 :i* y commit  
w\ld be accompani$ & aggravat$ ) ! guilt
 ( p]jury4 ,& no  wise man w\ld run 8   
s\l into su* a sn>e4 ,object4 ,b d we  n
 9 baptism v[ ob$i5ce to ,god8 ,& do? n 
ob$i5ce conta9  e p>ticul> duty8 ,answ4 
,we v[ s9c]e ob$i5ce1 b n  p]fect       
ob$i5ce4 ,we d n v[ t we w nev] s91 nor 
neglect a  duty 7nor ought we to d s74  
,s t z s9c]e ob$i5ce respecte?  e kn[n  
duty z t :i* we %all practise 9 ! b5t ( 
our  lives1 b n 9 p]fect con/ancy or    
degree1 s f> our v[ 9  baptism ha?      

respect to all kn[n duties1 b no fur!r4 
,direct4 ,,vi4 ,to make a v[ lawful1    
besides ! goodness ( ! ?+  :i* we v[1   
!re mu/ be a rational1 disc]nible       
probability1 t  ! act ( v[+ x w d m good
 ?an hurt2 & ?is to a wise1  =esee+     
judgm5t4 ,= ?is v[+ is n an ord9>y      
wor%ip to be  (f]$ to ,god 7except !    
baptismal v[1 r5ew$ 9 ! ,"l's supp]  &  
at o!r seasons72 b x is left z an       
extraord9>y means1 =  c]ta9 ends1 :i* _c
 by ord9>y means be atta9$3 &  !re=e we 
mu/ disc]n ! season1 by disc]n+ !       
necessity or  usefulness ( x4 ,swe>+ is 
a "p ( ! s]vice ( ,god1 b n (  8 daily  
wor%ip1 nor frequ5tly & ra%ly to be us$1
 by any t  w\ld n be held guilty ( tak+ 
! "n ( ,god 9 va93 & s x  is 9 ! case ( 
v[+4 ,!re=e he t w make a lawful v[1    
mu/ see be=eh&1 :at is ! probable b5efit
 ( x1 & :at is  ! probable hurt or      
dang]3 & )\t ?is =esight x mu/ be  ra%1 
& _c be lawful4 ,& !re=e no "o c make a 
lawful  v[1 b wise1 =esee+ p]sons1 & ^? 
t advise ) su*1  & are guid$ by !m1 if  

!y be n su* !mselves2 unless 9 a  case  
:]e ,god ha? prescrib$ by 8 own det]m9+ 
comm&s 7z 9  ! cov5ant ( *ri/ianity74   
,!re=e to "o man ! same v[ may  be a s91
 t to ano!r may be a duty2 because "o   
may h m  reason = x1 or necessity ( x1 &
 less dang] by x1 ?an  ano!r4 ,"o man   
may =esee t v[+ 79 case :]e !re is no   
necessity7 may insn>e him ei!r 9 p]plex+
 d\bts1 or t]rors1  :i* w make all 8    
life aft] m irregul> or uncom=table4    
,ano!r man may disc]n t he is liable to 
no su* dang]4#ea    ,direct4 ,,vii4 ,no 
man %\ld pret5d dang] or scruple aga9/ 8
  r5ew+ ! v[ ( *ri/ianity1 or any "o    
ess5tial "p ( x2  viz4 ,to take ,god !  
,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/ = my ,god1 & 
,savi\r1 & ,sanctifi]1 my ,own]1        
,gov]nor1 & ,fa!r2 r5\nc+  ! devil1 !   
_w1 & ! fle%4 ,because !re is an        
absolute  necessity1 prcepti et m$ii1 ( 
p]=m+ ?is1 & he t do?  x n %all c]ta9ly 
be damn$2 & !re=e no worse matt] c  /&  
up aga9/ x3 he t d5ie? x1 give? up      
himself  despair+ly to damnation4 ,yet  

,i h he>d _m say1 ,i d>e n  promise to  
turn to ,god1 & live a holy life1 le/ ,i
 break ?is  promise1 & be worse ?an     
be=e4 ,b do/ ?\ n "k1 t x  mu/ be bo?   
made & kept1 if ?\ wilt be sav$8 ,wilt  
?\ *oose to  be damn$1 = fe> ( worse8   
,!re is b "o rem$y = ?y s\l1  & all !   
hope ( ?y salvation lie? ^u t alone4 ,& 
wilt ?\  refuse t "o1 = fe> le/ ?\ ca/ x
 up & die8 :5 ?\  %alt c]ta9ly die      
unless ?\ bo? take x1 & keep x1 & dige/ 
x4    ,direct4 ,,viii4 ,ab\t p>ticul>   
s9s & duties1 delib]ate  resolutions are
 ! ord9>y means ( gov]n+ our lives2 &   
v[s  mu/ n be us$ :]e ^! w d ! "w )\t   
!m4 ,=  extraord9>y means mu/ n be us$1 
:5 ord9>y w s]ve !  turn4 ,nor mu/ y    
ne$lessly draw a d\ble guilt ^u         
y\rselves 9  case ( s9n+4 ,& 9 mutable  
or d\btful cases1 a resolution may be   
*ang$1 :5 a v[ _c4 ,try !re=e :at       
delib]ate resolutions  w d1 ) ! help (  
o!r ord9>y means1 be=e y g any  fur!r4  
,direct4 ,,ix4 ,:5 ord9>y resolutions & 
o!r helps w n s]ve  ! turn1 to engage ! 

w to ! =be>ance ( a kn[n s91 or !       
p]=mance ( a kn[n duty1 b temptations   
are s /rong z to be>  d[n all1 !n x is  
seasonable to b9d ourselves by a solemn 
v[1 s  x be cautel\sly & delib]ately    
done1 & no great] dang] l to  foll[4 ,9 
su* a case ( necessity1 #a4 ,y mu/      
delib]ate on !  b5efits & ne$4 #b4 ,y   
mu/ =esee all ! assaults t y are  l to h
 to tempt y to p]jury1 t !y come n      
unexpect$4  #c4 ,y mu/ jo9 ! use ( all  
o!r means = ! keep+ ( y\r  v[s4         
,direct4 ,x4 ,make n a law & religion to
 y\rselves by y\r  volunt>y v[s1 :i*    
,god nev] made y by 8 au?ority2 nor b9d 
y\rselves = futurity to all t is a duty 
at pres5t1 :]e x is  possible t ! *ange 
( ?+s may *ange y\r duty4 ,god is our   
,k+ & ,gov]nor1 & n we ourselves3 x is n
 we1 b he1 t  mu/ give laws to u4 ,we h 
"w en\gh to d ( 8 appo9t+2 we  ne$ n    
make m to ourselves1 z if he _h n giv5 u
 en\gh4  ,v[s are n to make u new duties
 or religions1 b to fur!r u 9  ! ob$i5ce
 ( t :i* our ,"l ha? impos$ on u4 ,x is 

a  self-condemn+ s9 ( fooli%            
w-wor%ipp]s1 to be busy 9 lay+  m burd5s
 on !mselves1 :5 !y "k !y _c d s mu* z  
,god require? ( !m4 ,yea1 "s ( !m murmur
 at ,god's laws z too  /rict1 & at !    
obs]v]s ( !m z too precise1 7?\gh !y    
come  f> %ort ( :at is _! duty17 & yet w
 be cutt+ out m  "w = !mselves4    ,& x 
is n en\gh t :at y v[ be y\r duty at !  
pres5t1  b y mu/ b9d y\rselves to x by  
v[s no long] ?an x %all  rema9 y\r duty4
 ,x may be y\r duty at ! pres5t to live 
a s+le  life2 b if y w v[ !re=e t y w   
nev] m>ry1 y may  b9d y\rselves to t :i*
 may prove y\r s93 y "k n :at           
alt]ations may befall y 9 y\r body or   
e/ate1 t may invite y  to x4 ,are y sure
 t no *ange %all make x necess>y to y8  
,or  w y presume to b9d ,god himself by 
y\r v[s1 t he %all make  no su*         
alt]ation8 ,or if y 7 nev] s confid5t ( 
y\r own  un*angeabl5ess1 y "k n :at fond
 & viol5t affections  ano!r may be      
possess$ )1 :i* may make an alt]ation 9 
y\r  duty4 ,at ! pres5t x may be y\r    

duty to live retir$ly1 & avoid          
magi/racy & public employm5ts3 b y may n
 v[ x !re=e  = cont9uance2 = y "k n b   
,god may make su* alt]ations1  z may    
make x s great & pla9 a duty1 z )\t flat
 impiety or  cruelty1 y _c refuse4      
,p]haps at ! pres5t x may be y\r duty   
to give half y\r ye>ly rev5ues to       
*>itable & pi\s uses3 b  y mu/ n !re=e  
v[ x = cont9uance 7)\t "s special  cause
 to w>rant x72 = p]haps ! next ye> x may
 be y\r duty to  give b a f\r? or a t5? 
"p1 or none at all1 accord+ z !         
provid5ce ( ,god %all dispose ( y\r     
e/ate & y4 ,p]haps ,god  may impose a   
cle> necessity on y1 ( us+ y\r e/ate "s 
o!r  way4    ,direct4 ,,xi4 ,if y be "u 
gov]nm5t1 y may n lawfully v[  )\t y\r  
gov]nors' cons5t1 to d any ?+ :i* y may 
n  lawfully d )\t _! cons5t1 9 case y _h
 n v[$ x4 ,=  t 71 #a4 ,actually to     
disobey !m at ! pres5t1 by mak+ a v[    
)\t ! direction & cons5t ( y\r gov]nors4
 #b4 ,& !reby to  b9d y\rselves to      
disobey !m = ! future1 by do+ t )\t  !m1

 :i* y %\ld n d )\t !m4 ,b if x be a ?+ 
t  y may d1 or mu/ d1 ?\gh y\r gov]nors 
=bid y1 !n y may  v[ x ?\gh !y =bid y   
7if y h a call f ! necessity  ( ! v[74  
,direct4 ,,xii4 ,if oa?s be comm&$ u by 
usurp]s t h no  au?ority to impose !m1  
we mu/ n take !m 9 =mal ob$i5ce to  _!  
comm&s4 ,= t 7 to own _! usurpation &   
enc\rage  !m 9 _! s94 ,if we owe !m no  
ob$i5ce 9 any ?+1 we mu/  n obey !m 9 s 
great a ?+3 or if !y h "s au?ority ov]  
u 9 o!r matt]s1 b none 9 ?is1 7z a      
con/able ha? no p[]  to give an oa?17 we
 mu/ n obey !m 9 ! po9t :]e !y h  no    
au?ority4 ,b yet x is possible t !re may
 be o!r reasons  t may make x our duty  
to d x1 ?\gh n z an act ( =mal  ob$i5ce3
 z ,i may take an oa? :5 a ?ief or      
murd]] require?  x1 n to obey him1 b to 
save my life4 ,& if any man comm& me to 
d t :i* ,god comm&e? me1 ,i mu/ d x1    
because ,god comm&e?  x4    ,direct4    
,,xiii4 ,if a lawful magi/rate impose an
 oa? or v[ ^u y1  be=e y take x y mu/   
consult ) ,god1 & "k t x is n  aga9/ 8  

w4 ,god mu/ be fir/ obey$ 9 all ?+s2 b  
especially 9 matt]s ( s great mom5t1 z  
v[s & promises4    ,que/4 ,i4 ,:at if ,i
 be 9 d\bt :e!r ! oa? or promise impos$ 
be lawful8 mu/ ,i take x1 or n8 ,if ,i  
take an oa? :i* ,i judge  unlawful or   
false1 ,i am a p]jur$ or pr(ane despis] 
( ,god3 & if  a man mu/ refuse all oa?s 
or promises1 :i* ! magi/rate  comm&e?1  
if he d b d\bt :e!r !y be lawful1 !n    
gov]nm5t  & ju/ice w be injur$1 :ile e  
man t ha? ignorance  en\gh to make him  
dubi\s1 %all refuse all oa?s & promises 
(  allegiance1 or = witness to ! tru?4  
,answ4 ,i4 ,i %all tell y :at o!rs say  
fir/ 9 ! case (  d\bt+4 ,dr4 ,s&]son    
sai?1 ,prlect4 iii4 sect4 #aj1 p4 #gd1  
#ge1  ,t]tius casus e/ cum quis juram5to
 pollicetur se facturum aliquid  9 se   
=tassis licitum1 quod tam5 ipse putat   
esse illicitum4 ,ut  siquis ante hc     
tempora admitt5dus ad b5eficium 7ut     
vocant7  ecclesia/icum1 promisisset 9   
publicis sacris obs]v>e omnes ritus     
legibus ecclesia/icis imp]atos2 ve/em   

scilicet l9eam1 crucis  signum ad sacrum
 fontem1 +5iculationem 9 p]cipi5dis     
symbolis 9  sacra cna1 et id g5us alios2
 quos ipse tam5 ex aliquo levi          
prejudicio put>et esse sup]/itiosos et  
papi/icos3 quritur 9 hoc  casu qu sit   
obligatio8 ,pro ,resp4 dico tria3 ,dico 
#a4 ,non posse tale  juram5tum durante  
tali errore s9e gravi peccato suscipi4  
,peccat enim  gravit] qui contra        
consci5tiam peccat1 etsi erroneam4      
,judicium enim  intellectus cum sit     
unicuique proxima ag5di regula2         
voluntas1 si  judicium illud non        
sequatur1 defici5s a regula sua1 necesse
 e/ ut 9  obliquum f]atur4 ,tritum e/   
illud1 ,qui facit contra consci5tiam    
dificat ad geh5nam4 ,sane qui jurat 9 id
 quod putat esse illicitum1  nihilom9us 
juraturus esset1 si esset rev]a         
illicitum3 atque ita res  illa1 ut ut   
alii licita1 e/ tam5 ipsi illicita3     
s5t5tiam f]5te  apo/olo1 ,rom4 xiv4 #ad1
 c4 ,dico #b4 ,tale juram5tum non       
oblig>e1 c4---- ,t is1 ,! ?ird case is1 

:5 a man promise?  by oa? t he w d a ?+ 
:i* 9 itself p]haps is lawful1 b  he    
?9ke? to be unlawful3 z if "o be=e ^!   
times be+ to be  admitt$ to an          
ecclesia/ical b5efice1 7z !y call x17 _h
  promis$1 t 9 public wor%ip he w\ld    
obs]ve all ! rites  comm&$ 9 !          
ecclesia/ic laws1 to wit1 ! surplice1 ! 
sign (  ! cross at ! sacr$ font1 kneel+ 
9 ! receiv+ ( ! symbols  9 ! holy supp]1
 & o!rs ! l2 :i* yet out ( "s light     
prejudice1 he ?\ght to be sup]/iti\s &  
papi/ical4 ,! "q  is1 :at obligation !re
 is 9 ?is case8 ,= answ] ,i say ?ree    
?+s3 #a4 ,i say t an oa?1 :ile su* an   
error la/e?1 _c be  tak5 )\t griev\s s92
 = he griev\sly s9ne?1 :o s9ne?  aga9/ 8
 consci5ce1 al?\gh x be errone\s4 ,= :5 
!  judgm5t ( ! intellect is to e man !  
ne>e/ rule ( action1  x mu/ be t ! w is 
c>ri$ into obliquity1 if x foll[ n  t   
judgm5t1 z sw]v+ f its rule4 ,x is a    
common say+1 ,he  t do? aga9/ 8         
consci5ce1 builde? unto hell3 v]ily he t
  swe>e? to t :i* he ?9ke? to be        

unlawful1 w\ld nev]!less  swe> if x 7   
inde$ unlawful4 ,& s ! ?+1 ?\gh lawful  
to  ano!r1 is to him unlawful1 ! apo/le 
pass+ ! s5t5ce1 ,rom4  xiv4 #ad1 c4 #b4 
,i say1 t su* an oa? b9de? n1 c4---- ,( 
!  obligation ,i %all speak anon2#eb b (
 ! oa? or promise1 ,i ?9k  ! tru? lie?  
"h z foll[e?4    #a4 ,! "q de esse mu/  
fir/ be resolv$1 be=e ! "q  ( kn[+ or   
op9ion4 ,ei!r ! ?+ is really lawful :i* 
is  d\bt$ (1 or d5i$1 or x is n4 ,if x  
be n1 !n x is a s9 to  swe> or promise  
to x2 & "h !re is no case ( error4 ,b if
 x  be really lawful1 & ! v[+ ( x       
lawful1 !n ! obligations  t lie ^u ?is  
man are ^!1 & 9 ?is ord]3 7#a47 ,to h a 
humble suspicion ( 8 own und]/&+4 7#b47 
,to se>*1 & le>n1  & use all means to   
disc]n x to be :at x is4 7#c47 ,9 ! use 
(  ^! means to ackn[l$ge ! tru?4 7#d47  
,& !n to promise &  obey accord+ly4 ,n[ 
?is be+ 8 duty1 & ! ord] ( 8 duty1  y _c
 say t he is n oblig$ to any "o "p ( x1 
?\gh he  be oblig$ to d x all 9 ?is     
ord]1 & !re=e n to d !  la/ fir/1 )\t ! 

=m]3 = ?\gh y "q an hundr$  times1 ,:at 
%all he d z long z he _c see ! tru?8 !  
law (  ,god is /ill ! same2 & 8 error   
do? n disoblige him3 ,nem9i  debetur    
commodum ex sua culpa4 ,s _m ( ^! acts z
 he omitte?1  s mu* he s9ne?4 ,x is 8 s9
 if he obey n ! magi/rate2 &  x is 8 s9 
t he misjudge? ( ! ?+2 & 8 s9 t he  do? 
n foll[ ! use ( ! means till he be      
in=m$4 ,s t 8  err+ consci5ce entangle? 
him 9 a necessity ( s9n+2 b  disoblige? 
him n at all f 8 ob$i5ce4 #b4 ,b yet ?is
 is  c]ta91 t 9 su* a case1 he t w swe> 
because man bidde?  him1 :5 he take? x  
to be false1 is a p]jur$1 pr(ane despis]
 (  ,god2 b he t =be>e? to swe> = fe> ( 
s9n+ aga9/ ,god1  is guilty only ( a    
p>donable1 involunt>y weakness4         
,direct4 ,,xiv4 ,take he$ le/ ! secret  
preval5cy ( c>nal ends or  int]e/1 & (  
fle%ly wisdom1 d bias y\r judgm5t1 &    
make y  /ret* y\r consci5ces to take ^? 
v[s or promises1 :i*  o!rwise y w\ld    
judge unlawful1 & refuse4 ,nev] good    
come? by  foll[+ ! reason+s & int]e/ ( !

 fle%1 ev5 9 small]  matt]s2 mu* less 9 
cases ( su* great importance4 ,m5 ?9k x 
fitte? !m at ! pres5t1 & do? ! bus9ess  
:i* !y feel  mo/ urg5t2 b x paye? !m    
home ) tr\bles & p]plexities  at ! la/3 
x is b l a draught ( cold wat] 9 a fev]4
 ,y  h "s pres5t *> to d1 or "s /rait to
 pass ?r\gh1 9 :i*  y ?9k t su* an oa?1 
or promise1 or pr(ession w\ld mu*       
accommodate y2 & !re=e y v5ture on x1   
p]haps to y\r  p]dition4 ,x is a fooli% 
c\rse to cure ! p>ts 7yea1 ! m  ignoble 
p>ts7 ) ! neglect & detrim5t ( ! :ole3 x
 is b  l ^? t cure ! it* by ano9t+      
!mselves )  quicksilv]2 :i* do? ! *> =  
!m1 & s5de? !m aft] to  _! graves1 or   
ca/e? !m into "s f> worse disease4      
,rememb]  h[ deceitful a ?+ ! he>t is1 &
 h[ subtly su* poison (  c>nal ends w   
ins9uate itself4 ,oh h[ _m ?\s&s ha? ?is
  undone6 t be=e !y are aw>e1 h _! wills
 fir/ *>m$ &  incl9$ to ! =bidd5 ?+1 &  
fa9 w\ld h x to be lawful2  & !n h      
br\ght !mselves to believe x lawful1 & s
 to  commit ! s92 & next to def5d x1 &  

next to become !  *ampions ( ,satan1 to 
fight 8 battles1 & vilify & abuse !m1  t
 by holy wisdom & t5d]ness h kept       
!mselves f !  deceit4      ,tit4 #b4    
,directions aga9/ ,p]jury &             
,p]fidi\sness3 ,l& =  keep+ ,v[s &      
,oa?s4    ,direct4 ,i4 ,be sure t y h j 
appreh5sion ( ! greatness  ( ! s9 (     
p]jury4#ec ,7 x se5 ( m5 9 its prop]    
%ape1 x  w\ld m affright !m f x ?an a   
sight ( ! devil himself  w\ld d4 ,i %all
 %[ x y 9 "p 9 ^! p>ticul>s4            
,sid5ote3 ,! he9\sness ( p]jury4    #a4 
,x conta9e? a lie1 & ha? all ! malignity
 9 x :i* ,i  be=e %[$ to be 9 ly+1 ) mu*
 m4 #b4 ,p]jury is a d5ial  or contempt 
( ,god4 ,he t appeale? to 8 judgm5t by  
an oa?1 &  do? ?is 9 falsehood1#ed do?  
%[ t ei!r he believe? n  t !re is a     
,god1#ee or t he believe? n t he is !   
righte\s ,gov]nor ( ! _w1 :o w ju/ly    
det]m9e all !  causes t belong to 8     
tribunal4 ,! p]jur$ p]son do? z x  7 bid
 defiance to ,god1 & sette? him at      
n\ght1 z "o t is  n able to be av5g$ on 

him4 #c4 ,p]jury is a call+ = !         
v5geance ( ,god aga9/ y\rselves4 ,y     
invite ,god to plague y1 z  if y bid him
 d 8 wor/3 y appeal to him = judgm5t 9  
y\r  guilt1 & y %all f9d t he w n hold y
 guiltless4  ,imprecations aga9/        
y\rselves are impli$ 9 y\r oa?s3 he t   
swe>e? do? say 9 effect1 ,let ,god judge
 & puni% me z a p]jur$  wret*1 if ,i    
speak n ! tru?4 ,& x is a dreadful ?+ to
 fall  into ! h&s ( ! liv+ ,god1 =      
v5geance is 8 & he w  recomp5ce1 ,heb4  
x4 #cj1 #ca3 & :5 he judge? ! wick$1 he 
is a  consum+ fire1 ,heb4 xii4 #bi4 #d4 
,p]jury & p]fidi\sness are s9s  t leave 
! consci5ce no ease ( an ext5uation or  
excuse2 b x  is s he9\s a villany1 t x  
is ! se$ ( self-torm5t+  desp]ation4 ,"s
 s9s consci5ce c make %ift a :ile to    
hide1 by  say+1 ,x is a controv]sy2 &1  
,_m wise m5 are ( ano!r m9d2  b p]jury  
is a s9 :i* hea!ns & infidels be> z free
 a  te/imony aga9/ 79 _! way7 z *ri/ians
 d4 ,"s s9s are  %ift$ (f by say+1 ,!y  
are little ones4 ,b#ef *ri/ians &       

hea!ns are agre$ t p]jury is a s9 almo/ 
z great z ! devil  c tea* 8 s]vants to  
commit4 ,sai? ,plut>*1#eg ,he t         
deceive? 8 enemy by an oa?1 do? confess 
!reby1 t he fe>e?  8 enemy1 & despise?  
,god4 ,sai? ,cic]o1 ,! p5alty ( p]jury  
is  de/ruction f ,god1 & %ame f man4    
,sai? ,q4 ,curtius1  ,p]fidi\sness is a 
crime :i* no m]its c mitigate4 ,read    
,cic]o de  ,(fic4 lib4 iii4 ,sai?       
,ari/otle1 ,he t w ext5uate an oa?1 mu/ 
say1 t ^? villan\s wret*es t ?9k ,god   
see? n1 d ?9k  also to g away ) _!      
p]jury unpuni%$4 ,9 a ^w1 ! hea!ns      
commonly take ! rev5ge ( p]jury to      
belong 9 s special a mann]  to ! gods1 t
 !y conclude t man1 & usually 8 po/]ity1
  to be de/9at$ to ru91 t is p]jur$ &   
p]fidi\s3 insomu*  t x is writt5#eh (   
,agesilaus & _m o!rs1 t :5 _!  enemies 7
 p]jur$1 & broke _! cov5ants1 !y took x 
= a  sign ( victory1 & ! be/ progno/ic (
 _! success aga9/  !m4 ,plut>* recorde? 
?is /ory ( ,clem5s1 t hav+ made a  truce
 = sev5 days ) ! ,argives1 he set ^u !m1

 & kill$  & took _m ( !m 9 ! night2 & :5
 he 0 *>g$ )  p]fidi\sness1 answ]$1 ,i  
made n a truce ) !m = sev5  nights1 b = 
sev5 days4 ,b ! wom5 fet*$ arms out ( ! 
temples ( ! gods1 & repuls$ him ) %ame1 
& he ran mad1 &  ) 8 sword did mangle 8 
own body1 & di$ 9 a mo/ hide\s  mann]4  
,:5 consci5ce is awak5$ to see su* a s9 
z p]jury1 no  wond] if su* run mad1 or  
hang !mselves2 z p]fidi\s ,ahi?ophel  & 
,judas did4 ,no d\bt b ev]la/+ horror & 
desp]ation w be  ! end ( su*1 if true   
conv]sion d n prev5t x4 #e4 ,x is a s9  
t ru9e? families & societies1#ei l fire 
t be+ k9dl$  9 ! ?at*1 nev] /oppe? till 
x h consum$ all ! h\se4  ,?\gh ! curse (
 ! ,"l is 9 ! h\se ( ! wick$1 b he      
blesse? ! habitation ( ! j1 ,prov4 iii4 
#cc2 yet among all !  wick$1 !re are few
 s commonly m>k$ out ) _! families to   
%ame & ru91 z ! p]jur$4 ,:atev] nation  
is /igmatiz$ ) a  fides ,punica vel     
,grca1 ) ! br& ( p]jury1 x is n only  _!
 greate/ infamy1 b1 l ,"l1 h m]cy on u  
writt5 on  y\r doors1 a sign ( a de/roy+

 plague )94#fj ,sai? ,silius1           
,non illi domus aut conjux aut vita     
manebit      ,unquam exp]s luctus1      
la*rymque3 aget quore semp]      ,ac    
tellure prem5s2 aget grum nocte dieque2 
,despecta ac violata fides--    ,sai?   
,claudian1        ,9 prolem dilat>unt   
p]juria patris1      ,et pnam m]ito     
filius ore luit4--    ,s ,tibullus1     
,ah mis]3 et siquis primo p]juria celat1
      ,s]a tam5 tacitus pna v5it p$ibus4
    ,sai? ,pausanias1 ,! fraud t is     
committ$ by p]jury1 falle? ^u  po/]ity4 
#f4 ,p]jury & p]fidi\sness are virtually
 treason1  rebellion1 & murd] aga9/ k+s 
& magi/rates1 & no m to  be fav\r$ 9 a  
k+dom1 by a k+ t love? 8 life & safety1 
?an ! plague 9 a city1 or poison to !   
body4 ,tri/issimum et  dome/icum regibus
 omnibus ph>macum1 lib]orum1 amicorum et
 ex]citus  p]fidia1 sai? ,appian4 ,:at  
security h pr9ces ( _! cr[ns1  or lives1
 :]e oa?s & cov5ants seem n obligatory8 
,!re is !n  no?+ left b fe> ( puni%m5t  
to re/ra9 ! viol5ce ( any  "o t w\ld d  

!m mis*ief2 & craft or /r5g? w easily   
break ! bonds ( fe>4 ,he t w\ld dissolve
 ! bond ( oa?s1 &  tea* m5 to make light
 ( p]jury1 is no m to be endur$ 9 a     
k+dom1 ?an he t op5ly invite? ! subjects
 to kill _! k+1  or rise up 9 rebellion 
aga9/ him4 ,if he t breake? ! lea/ (    
,god's comm&s1 & tea*e? m5 s to d1 %all 
be call$ lea/ 9  ! k+dom ( ,god1 ,matt4 
v4 #ai1 !n surely he t breake? !  great 
comm&s by ! mo/ odi\s s9 ( p]jury1 &    
tea*e? m5 s  to d1 %\ld nei!r be great1 
nor any ?+1 9 ! k+doms ( m54  #g4       
,p]jury is ! poison ( all societies1 & (
 fri5d%ip1 & (  human conv]se1 & turne? 
all into a /ate ( enmity1 or ho/ility1  
& tea*e? all m5 to live toge!r l foes4  
,he t is n to be  believ$ :5 he swe>e?1 
is nev] to be believ$3 & :5 oa?s &      
cov5ants signify no?+1 & no man c       
believe ano!r1 :at are  !y b z s _m foes
 to "o ano!r8 ,h[ c !re be any          
relations ( gov]nors & subjects8 ( husb&
 & wife8 ( ma/]  & s]vants8 or h[ c !re 
be any trad+ or comm]ce1 :5 !re  is no  

tru/8 ,p]jury dissolve? all societies by
 loos5+ all !  bonds ( association4     
,well might ,dionys4 ,halic4 lib4 iii4  
say1 ,!  p]fidi\s are f> worse ?an op5  
enemies1 & wor?y ( f> great]  puni%m5t4 
,= a man may m easily avoid ! ambu%m5ts 
( foes1  & repel _! assaults1 ?an escape
 ! p]fidi\sness ( seem+  fri5ds4 ,sai?  
,val4 ,max4 lib4 ix4 c4 #f1             
,p]fidi\sness is a hidd5 &  insn>+      
mis*ief2 ^: effectual =ce is 9 ly+ &    
deceiv+3  its fruit consi/e? 9 "s horrid
 villany2 :i* is ripe & sure  :5 x ha?  
compass$ cruelty ) wick$ h&s2 br++ z    
great  mis*ief to mank9d1 z fidelity    
br+e? good & safety4 ,he t  tea*e? !    
doctr9e ( p]jury & p]fidi\sness1 do? bid
 e  man %ift = himself1 & tru/ no m 8   
fri5d or neighb\r1 b  all take he$ ( "o 
ano!r1 z s _m s]p5ts or wild bea/s4     
,lions & be>s may bett] be suff]$ to    
live loose among m51 ?an  ^? t tea* m5  
to make light ( oa?s4 #h4 ,?us also x   
de/roye? p]sonal love1 & tea*e? all m5  
to be hat]s ( ea*  o!r3 = x c be no     

bett] :5 m5 become su* hateful creatures
  to ea* o!r1 z n at all to be cr$it$ or
 sociably conv]s$  )4 #i4 ,p]jury &     
p]fidi\sness d proclaim m5 deplorate2 & 
/igmatize !m ) ?is "*1 t !y are p]sons t
 w  /ick at ! committ+ ( no k9d (       
villany 9 ! _w1 fur!r  ?an _! fle%ly    
int]e/ h9d]e? !m4 ,no *>ity b9de? a man 
to ?9k t he w make consci5ce ( murd]1   
rebellion1 deceit1  adult]y1 or any     
imag9able wick$ness1 :o make? no        
consci5ce (  p]jury & p]fidi\sness4 ,su*
 a p]son all[e? y to judge t  if !      
temptation s]ve1 he w d any ?+ t ! devil
 bids  him3 & t he is virtually a       
comp\nd ( all iniquity1 &  prep>$ = e   
evil "w4 #aj4 ,la/ly1 z p]jury do? ?us  
dissolve societies1 & turn mank9d into  
enmity ) ea* o!r1 s  x w\ld make ! mis]y
 uncurable1 by mak+ ev5 p5it5ts         
incr$ible4 ,:o w believe him1 ev5 :ile  
he pr(esse? to rep5t1  t ha? %[$ t :5 he
 swe>e? he is n to be believ$8 ,he  t   
d>e =swe> himself1 d>e lie :5 he        
pret5de? rep5tance =  8 p]jury4 ,x mu/  

be "s de$s t are m cr$ible ?an words  & 
oa?s1 t mu/ recov] ! cr$it ( su* a man's
 pr(essions4  ,if p]jury h violat$ any  
relations1 x leave? ! brea* almo/       
uncurable1 because no pr(essions (      
rep5tance or future fidelity c  be      
tru/$4 ,?us ,i h p>tly %[$ y ! malignity
 ( p]jury &  cov5ant-break+4    ,direct4
 ,,ii4 ,be sure t y make no v[ or       
cov5ant :i* ,god ha?  =bidd5 y to keep4 
,x is ra% v[+ & swe>+ :i* is !  common  
cause ( p]jury4 ,y %\ld1 at ! mak+ ( y\r
 v[1 h  se5 into ! bottom ( x1 & =ese5  
all ! evils t might  foll[ x1 & !       
temptations :i* 7 l to draw y into      
p]jury4 ,he is virtually p]jur$ z soon z
 he ha? sworn1 :o  swe>e? to d t :i* he 
mu/ n d2 ! prev5tive means are  "h !    
be/4    ,direct4 ,,iii4 ,be sure y take 
no oa? or v[ :i* y are n  s9c]ely       
resolv$ to p]=m4#fa ,!y t swe> or v[ ) a
  secret res]ve1 t r ?an !y w be ru9$ by
 keep+ x1  !y w break x1 are habitually 
& reputatively p]jur$ p]sons1  ev5 be=e 
!y break x2 besides t1 !y %[ a base1    

hypocritical1 pr(ligate consci5ce1 t c  
delib]ately commit s  great a s94       
,direct4 ,,iv4 ,see t all fle%ly1       
worldly int]e/ be fully subdu$  to !    
int]e/ ( y\r s\ls1 & to ! w ( ,god4 ,he 
t at !  he>t sets m by 8 body ?an 8 s\l1
 & love? 8 worldly  prosp]ity above     
,god1 w lie1 or swe>1 or =swe>1 or d any
 ?+  to save t c>nal int]e/ :i* he mo/  
value?4 ,he t is c>nal  & worldly at !  
he>t1 is false at ! he>t2 ! religion (  
su*  a hypocrite w give place to 8      
temporal safety or commodity1 &  w c>ry 
him no fur!r ?an ! way is fair4 ,x is no
 wond] t a  pr\d man1 or a worldl+1 w   
r5\nce bo? ,god & 8 true  felicity = !  
_w1 see+ inde$ he take? x = 8 god & 8   
felicity2 ev5 z a believ] w r5\nce ! _w 
= ,god4#fb    ,direct4 ,v4 ,bew>e (     
inord9ate fe> ( man1 & ( a di/ru/ful    
)draw+ ( y\r he>t f ,god4 ,else y w be  
c>ri$ to comply  ) ! w ( man be=e ! w ( 
,god1 & to avoid ! wra? (  man be=e !   
wra? ( ,god4 ,read & fe> t heavy curse1 
,j]4  xvii4 #e1 #f4 ,god is un*angeable1

 & ha? comm&$ y s f> to  imitate him1 z 
,if a man v[ a v[ unto ! ,"l1 or swe> an
 oa? to  b9d 8 s\l ) a bond1 he %all n  
break 8 ^w2 he %all d  accord+ to all t 
proce$e? out ( 8 m\?1 ,numb4 xxx4 #b4 ,b
  man is mutable1 & s is 8 int]e/ & 8   
affairs2 & !re=e  if y are ! s]vants (  
m51 y mu/ swe> "o ye>1 & =swe>  x1 or   
swe> ! contr>y1 ! next3 :5 _! int]e/    
require? x1  y mu/ n be ?\ght wor?y to  
live among m51 if y w n  promise or swe>
 z !y comm& y2 & :5 _! int]e/  alt]e? & 
require? ! contr>y1 y mu/ hold all ^?   
bonds to  be b /raws1 & break !m = _!   
ends4    ,direct4 ,,vi4 ,be sure t y    
lose n ! fe> ( ,god1 & !  t5d]ness ( y\r
 consci5ces4 ,:5 ^! are lo/1 y\r        
und]/&+1 & s5se1 & life are lo/2 & y w n
 /ick at  ! greate/ wick$ness2 nor "k :5
 y h done x1 :at y did4  ,if fai? see n 
,god cont9ually pres5t1 & =esee n !     
great  approa*+ day1 p]jury or any      
villany w seem tol]able1 =  worldly     
ends3 = :5 y look b to m5's pres5t case1
 y w  see t ! righte\s & ! wise1 & _!   

works1 are 9 !  h&s ( ,god2 no man kn[e?
 love or hatr$ by all t is be=e  !m4    
,all ?+s come alike to all2 !re is "o   
ev5t to !  righte\s1 & to ! wick$2 to ! 
good1 & to ! clean1 & to  ! unclean2 to 
him t sacrifice?1 & to him t sacrifice? 
n3  z is ! good1 s is ! s9n]2 & he t    
swe>e?1 z he t  fe>e? an oa?1 ,eccles4  
ix4 #a1 #b4 ,b 9 ! end1 m5 %all disc]n  
betwe5 ! righte\s & ! wick$1 ,mal4 iii4 
#ah4 ,!re=e x is  ! believ+ =esight ( ! 
end1 t by pres]v+ ! fe> ( ,god  &       
t5d]ness ( consci5ce1 mu/ save y f ?is1 
& all o!r  he9\s s94    ,direct4 ,,vii4 
,be n bold & ra% ab\t su* dreadful ?+s z
  v[s4 ,run n z fe>lessly ^u !m z if y 7
 b go+ to y\r  d9n]2 ! wra? ( ,god is n 
to be je/$ )4 ,usque ad aras1  0 ! b\nds
 ev5 ( a hea!n's k9dness to 8 fri5d4    
,m$dle )  oa?s ) ! greate/ fe>1 &       
caution1 & circumspection4 ,x is        
t]rible "h to f9d t y 7 mi/ak51 ?r\gh   
any tem]ity1 or  neglig5ce1 or secret   
s$uction ( a c>nal int]e/4    ,direct4  
,,viii4 ,especially be v fe>ful ( own+  

any public  doctr9e1 or do+ any public  
act1 :i* t5de? to h>d5 o!rs 9  _!       
p]jury1 or to enc\rage multitudes to    
commit ! s94#fc ,to be  =sworn y\rselves
 is a dreadful case2 b to tea* :ole     
nations or  *ur*es to =swe> !mselves1 or
 to plead = x1 or ju/ify x z  a lawful  
?+1 is mu* m dreadful4 ,& ?\gh y tea* n 
or own  n p]jury "u ! "n ( p]jury1 yet  
if fir/ y w make  pla9 p]jury to seem no
 p]jury1 t s y may ju/ify x1 x is  /ill 
a mo/ inhuman1 horrid act4 ,god kn[e? ,i
 insult n ov] !  papi/s1 ) a delight to 
make any *ri/ians odi\s6 b ) grief  ,i  
rememb] h[ lam5tably !y h abus$ our holy
 pr(ession1 :ile  n only _! great       
doctors1 b _! approv$ g5]al c\ncil at  !
 ,lat]an "u ,pope ,innoc5t ! ,?ird1 9 ! 
?ird canon ha?  decre$ t ! pope may     
depose temporal lords f _! dom9ions1  & 
give !m unto o!rs1 & dis*>ge _! vassals 
f _!  allegiance & fidelity1 if !y be   
h]etics1 or w n ext]m9ate  h]etics 7ev5 
su* z ! holy m5 !re condemn$ 71 9 !     
pope's acc\nt74 ,to decl>e to _m *ri/ian

 nations1 t x is  lawful to break _!    
oa?s & promises to _! lawful lords &    
rul]s1 or _! v[s to ,god1 & to und]take1
 by def5d+ or own+  ?is1 to ju/ify all  
^? nations t %all be guilty ( ?is       
p]jury & p]fidi\sness1 oh :at a horrid  
crime is ?is6 :at a  %ame ev5 unto human
 nature6 & h[ great a wrong to ! *ri/ian
  "n6    ,direct4 ,,ix4 ,und]/& &       
rememb] ^! foll[+ rules1 to  acqua9t y  
h[ f> a v[ is obligatory3 :i* ,i %all   
give y =  ! mo/ "p out ( ,dr4 ,s&]son1  
because 8 decisions ( ^!  cases are n[ (
 be/ e/eem4    ,rule ,i4 ,! g5]al rule  
laid d[n ,numb4 xxx4 #b1 #c1 do? make a 
v[1  z su*1 to be obligatory1 ?\gh !    
p>ty %\ld h a secret  equivocation or   
int5t1 t ?\gh he speak ! words to       
deceive  ano!r1 yet he w n oblige       
himself4 ,su* a res]ve n to oblige      
himself h9d]e? n ! obligation1 b prove? 
him a p]fidi\s  hypocrite4 ,dr4 ,s&]son1
 p4 #bc1 ,juram5tum omne ex sua natura  
e/  obligatorium3 ita ut si quis juret  
non int5d5s se oblig>e1  nihilom9us tam5

 suscipi5do juram5tum ipso facto        
obligetur3 t  is1 ,if he s f> und]/& :at
 he do?1 z t 8 words may be>  !         
def9ition ( an oa? or v[2 o!rwise if he 
speak ! words (  an oa? 9 a /range      
language1 ?9k+ !y signify some?+ else1  
or if he speak 9 8 sleep1 or deliration1
 or di/raction1 x is no  oa?1 & s n     
obligatory4    ,rule ,,ii4 ,^?          
conditions are to be tak5 z int5d$ 9 all
 oa?s1  7:e!r express$ or no17 :i* ! v  
nature ( ! ?+ do?  necess>ily imply#fd  
7unless any be s bruti% z to express !  
contr>y74 ,& ^! are all r$ucible to two 
heads3 #a4 ,a natural1  &1 #b4 ,a moral 
impossibility4 #a4 ,:oev] swe>e? to d   
any ?+1 or  give any ?+1 is suppos$ to  
mean1 ,if ,i live2 & if ,i be n  disabl$
 9 my body1 faculties1 e/ate2 if ,god   
make x n impossible  to be1 c4 ,= no man
 c be suppos$ to mean1 ,i w d x :e!r    
,god w or n1 & :e!r ,i live or n1 & :e!r
 ,i be able or  n4 #b4 ,:oev] v[e? or   
swe>e? to d any ?+1 mu/ be und]/ood  to 
mean x1 ,if no *ange ( provid5ce make x 

a s92 or if ,i f9d  n1 contr>y to my    
pres5t supposition1 t ,god =bidde? x4 ,=
  no man t is a *ri/ian is to be suppos$
 to mean :5 he v[e?1 ,i  w d ?is1 ?\gh  
,god =bid x1 or ?\gh x prove to be a s92
  especially :5 m5 !re=e v[ x1 because  
!y take x to be a  duty4 ,n[ z t :i* is 
s9ful is morally impossible1 s !re are  
div]s ways by :i* a ?+ may appe> or     
become s9ful to u4 7#a47  ,:5 we f9d x  
=bidd5 directly 9 ! ^w ( ,god1 :i* at   
fir/  we und]/ood n4 7#b47 ,:5 ! *ange (
 ?+s do? make t a  s91 :i* be=e 0 a     
duty2 ( :i* may be giv5 an hundr$       
in/ances2 z :5 ! *ange ( a man's e/ate1 
( 8 opportunities1  ( 8 lib]ty1 ( 8 p>ts
 & abilities1 ( objects1 ( cu/oms1 (  ! 
laws ( civil gov]nors1 do? *ange ! v    
matt] ( 8 duty4    ,que/4 ,b w e *ange  
disoblige u8 ,if n1 :at *ange mu/  x be8
 see+ casui/s use to put x z a condition
 9 g5]al1 rebus  sic /antibus4 ,answ4   
,no3 x is n e *ange ( ?+s t  disoblige? 
u f ! bonds ( a v[4 ,= !n v[s 7 ( no    
consid]able signification4 ,b1 #a4 ,if !

 v matt] t 0 v[$1  or ab\t :i* ! v[ 01 d
 cease1 cessante mat]ia1 cessat         
obligatio3#fe z if ,i promise to tea* a 
pupil1 ,i am disoblig$ :5  he is dead4  
,if ,i promise to pay s mu* money 9     
gold1 & ! k+  %\ld =bid gold & *ange 8  
co91 ,i am n oblig$ to x4 #b4  ,cessante
 t]m9o vel correlato1 cessat obligatio3 
,if ! p>ty die  to :om ,i am b\nd1 my   
p]sonal obligation cease?4 ,& s !       
conjugal bond cease? at dea?1 & civil   
bonds by civil dea?4 #c4  ,cessante f9e1
 cessat obligatio3 ,if ! use & end :olly
 cease1 my  obligation1 :i* 0 only to t 
use & end1 cease?4 ,z if a  physician   
promise to give physic = no?+ = ! cure (
 !  plague1 to all ! poor ( ! city2 :5 !
 plague cease?1 8 end1  & s 8           
obligation1 cease?4 #d4 ,cessante p]sona
 naturali relata1  cessat obligatio     
p]sonalis3 ,:5 ! natural p]son die?1 !  
obligation cease?4 ,i _c be oblig$ to d 
t :5 ,i am dead1  :i* is prop] to !     
liv+4 ,! subject ( ! obligation ceas+1  
! accid5ts mu/ cease4 #e4 ,cessante     

relatione vel p]sona civili1  cessat    
obligatio talis1 qua talis3 ,!          
obligation :i* lay on a  p]son 9 any    
relation m]ely z su*1 do? cease :5 t    
relation  cease?4 ,a k+ is n b\nd to    
gov]n or protect 8 subjects if !y       
traitor\sly depose him1 or if he ca/ !m 
(f1 & take ano!r  k+dom 7z :5 ,h5ry     
,,iii4 ( ,france left ! k+dom ( ,pol&73 
nor  are subjects b\nd to allegiance &  
ob$i5ce to him t is n  inde$ _! k+4 ,a  
judge1 or ju/ice1 or con/able1 or tutor1
 is no  long] b\nd by 8 oa? to d !      
(fices ( ^! relations1 ?an he  cont9ue? 
9 ! relation4 ,a divorc$ wife is n b\nd 
by h]  conjugal v[ to h] husb& z be=e1  
nor ma/]s & s]vants1 :5  _! relations   
cease2 nor a soldi] to 8 g5]al by 8     
milit>y  sacram5t1 :5 ! army is disb&$1 
or he is ca%i]$ or  dismiss$4    ,rule  
,,iii4 ,no v[s or promises ( our own c  
dissolve ! obligation  laid ^u u by !   
law ( ,god4 ,= we h no co-ord9ate1 mu*  
less  sup]ior au?ority ov] ourselves2   
our self-obligations are b =  ! fur!r+ (

 our ob$i5ce4    ,rule ,,iv4 ,!re=e no  
v[s c disoblige a man f any pres5t      
duty1 nor ju/ify him 9 ! committ+ ( any 
s94 ,v[s are to engage  u to ,god1 & n  
aga9/ him3 if ! matt] :i* we v[ be evil1
 x  is a s9 to v[ x1 & a s9 to d x ^u   
pret5ce ( a v[4 ,s9 is  no acceptable   
sacrifice to ,god4    ,rule ,v4 ,if ,i  
v[ t ,i w d "s duty bett]1 ,i am n !reby
  disoblig$ f do+ x at all1 :5 ,i am    
disabl$ f do+ x  bett]4#ff ,suppose a   
magi/rate1 see+ mu* amiss 9 *ur* &      
commonweal?1 do? v[ a re=mation1 & v[   
aga9/ ! abuses :i*  he f9de?2 if n[ !   
p's ob/9acy & rebellion disable him to  
p]=m t v[1 x do? n foll[ t he mu/ lay   
d[n 8  sceptre1 & cease to gov]n !m at  
all1 because he _c d x z  he ought1 if  
he 7 free4 ,s if ! pa/ors ( any *ur* d  
v[ !  re=mation ( *ur* abuses1 9 _!     
places1 if !y be h9d]$ by  _! rul]s1 or 
by ! p1 x do? n foll[ t !y mu/ lay  d[n 
_! call+s1 & n wor%ip ,god publicly at  
all1 because !y  _c d x z !y w\ld1 &    
ought if !y 7 free2 z long z  !y may    

wor%ip him )\t committ+ any s94 ,god's  
fir/  obligation on me is to wor%ip him1
 & ! second = ! mann]1 to  d x z ne> 8  
ord] z ,i c3 n[ if ,i _c avoid !        
imp]fections ( wor%ip1 ?\gh ,i v[$ x1 ,i
 mu/ n !re=e  avoid ! wor%ip itself 7z  
long z corruptions de/roy n ! v  nature 
( x1 & ,i am put myself ^u no actual    
s974 ,= ,i 0 b\nd  to wor%ip ,god be=e  
my v[s1 & 9 ord] ( nature be=e my       
obligation de modo3 & my v[ 0 made ) an 
impli$ condition1  t ! ?+ 7 possible &  
lawful3 & :5 t cease? to be  possible or
 lawful :i* ,i v[$1 ,i mu/1 nev]!less1 d
 t :i*  /ill rema9e? possible & lawful4 
,to give ov] ,god's solemn wor%ip  ) !  
*ur*1 is no re=mation4 ,to pref] no     
wor%ip be=e  imp]fect wor%ip1 is a      
great] de=mation & corruption1 ?an to   
pref] imp]fect wor%ip be=e t :i* is m   
p]fect4 ,& to  pref] a wor%ip imp]fect 9
 ! mann]1 be=e no *ur* wor%ip at  all1  
is a great] re=mation ?an to pref] a m  
p]fect mann] (  wor%ip be=e a m imp]fect
 & defective4 ,to wor%ip ,god dec5tly  &

 9 ord]1 suppose? t he mu/ be wor%ipp$2 
& he t do?  n wor%ip at all1 do? n      
wor%ip him dec5tly4 ,if a physician v[  
t he w adm9i/] a c]ta9 effectual        
antidote to all 8  pati5ts t h ! plague1
 & t he w n adm9i/] a  c]ta9 less       
effectual prep>ation1 :i* "s apo!c>ies1 
?r\gh  covet\sness or c>elessness1 _h   
br\ght into common use1 to !  injury ( !
 sick2 8 v[ is to be int]pret$ ) ^!     
exceptions3 ,i w d x if ,i c1 )\t       
di%one/y or a great]  mis*ief3 ,i w n   
adm9i/] ! sophi/icat$ antidote :5 ,i c  
h bett]3 ,i v[ ?is = my pati5ts' b5efit1
 & n = _!  de/ruction4 ,!re=e if !      
sophi/icat$ antidote is mu* bett]  ?an  
none1 & may save m5's lives1 & ! pati5ts
 gr[ wilful &  w take no o!r1 or        
au?ority =bid ! use ( any o!r1 !        
physician is nei!r b\nd to =sake 8 call+
 r ?an use x1  nor to neglect ! life ( 8
 pati5ts 7if _! lives inde$ lie  ^u 8   
c>e1 & !y may n be 9 "s good hopes )\t  
him1 &  ! good ( _m require him n to    
neglect a few74 ,b he mu/ d  :at he c1  

:5 he _c d :at he w\ld1 & only %[ t he  
cons5te? n to ! sophi/ication4    ,rule 
,,vi4 ,?\gh he t v[e? a lawful ?+1 mu/  
be und]/ood to  mean1 if x cont9ue      
possible & lawful2 yet if he himself be 
!  culpable cause t aft]w>ds x become?  
impossible or unlawful1 he  violate? 8  
v[4 ,he t v[e? to give s mu* to ! poor1 
&  aft] prodigally wa/e? x1 & ha? x n to
 give1 do? break 8  v[2 :i* he do? n if 
fire or ?ieves deprive him ( x aga9/  8 
w4 ,he t v[e? to prea* ! gospel1 if he  
cut out 8 own  tongue1 or culpably      
procure ano!r to imprison1 sil5ce1 or   
h9d]  him1 do? break 8 v[2 :i* he did n 
if ! h9d]ance 7  involunt>y &           
insup]able3 cons5t do? make ! imp$ition 
8 own  act4    ,rule ,,vii4 ,9 ! tak+ & 
keep+ ( oa?s & v[s we mu/ deal  simply &
 op5ly )\t equivocation & deceit4#fg    
,psal4 xxiv4  #c-e1 ,:o %all asc5d into 
! hill ( ! ,"l8 or :o %all /&  9 8 holy 
place8 ,he t ha? clean h&s1 & a pure    
he>t2 :o  ha? n lift$ up 8 s\l unto     
vanity1 nor sworn deceitfully4 ,he  %all

 receive ! bless+ f ! ,"l1 &            
righte\sness f !  ,god ( 8 salvation4   
,rule ,,viii4 ,he t juggle? or /ret*e? 8
 consci5ce by  fraudul5t %ifts &        
int]pretations aft]w>ds1 is z bad z he t
  dissemble? 9 ! tak+ ( ! oa?4 ,to break
 x by deceit1 is z  bad z to take x 9   
deceit4 ,psal4 xv4 #a1 #d1 ,"l1 :o %all 
abide 9  ?y tab]nacle--he t swe>e? to 8 
own hurt & *ange? n4  ,sai? ,dr4        
,s&]son1#fh ,i/a mihi aut non cogit>e1  
c4 ,x seeme?  to me t ! great] "p ( ! m5
 ( ^! times ei!r ?9k  n ( ^! ?+s1 or at 
lea/ n s]i\sly2 :o fe> n1 at l>ge  & 9  
express words1 )\t go+ ab\t1 to swe> to 
all t1  :atev] x be1 :i* is propos$ to  
!m by ^? t h p[] to  hurt !m3 yea1 & !y 
take !mselves = ! only wise m51 &  n )\t
 "s disda9 d]ide ! simplicity & ne$less 
fe> (  ^?1 t le/ !y hurt _! consci5ces  
=soo?1 d seek a knot  9 a ru%1 & oppose 
! =ms prescrib$ by ^? t h p[] to        
prescribe !m4 ,& 9 ! mean "t !y securely
 free !mselves  f all crime & fe> (     
p]jury1 & ?9k !y h look$ well to        

!mselves & _! consci5ces1 if ei!r :5 !y 
swe>1 l  ,jesuits1 !y c def5d !mselves  
by ! help ( "s tacit  equivocation1 or  
m5tal res]vation1 or subtle             
int]pretation :i* is  /ra9$ & utt]ly    
ali5 f ! words2 or else aft] !y h  sworn
 c f9d "s ?+ to slip ?r\gh1 "s cunn+    
evasion1 z a  wise rem$y1 by :i* !y may 
s elude _! oa?1 z t keep+  ! words1 !   
s5se may by "s sophism be elud$1 & all !
 =ce  ( x utt]ly en]vat$4 ,! anci5t     
*ri/ians knew n ?is  div9ity1 nor !     
s\nd] hea!ns ?is moral philosophy4 ,=   
o!rwise sai? ,augu/9e1 ,!y are p]jur$1  
:o keep+ ! words1  deceive ! expectation
 ( ^? !y swe> to3 & o!rwise sai?        
,cic]o1 c4 ,he goe? on to confirm x at  
l>ge by argum5t4    ,rule ,,ix4 ,an oa? 
is to be tak5 & int]pret$ /rictly4      
,s&]son  sai?1#fi ,juram5ti obligatio e/
 /ricti juris2 t is1 non ut  excludat   
juris int]pretationem quitate temp]atam2
 s$ ut excludat  juris int]pretationem  
gratia corruptam3 n z exclud+ an        
equitable int]pretation1 b z exclud+ an 

int]pretation corrupt$  by p>tiality3 t 
x be a j int]pretation1 betwe5 !        
extremes  ( rigid1 & fav\rable or       
p>tial2 & 9 d\btful cases x is saf]  to 
foll[ ! /rict1 ?an ! b5ign or fav\rable 
s5se4 ,x is  dang]\s /ret*+ & v5tur+ too
 f> 9 matt]s ( s sacr$ a  nature1 & (   
su* great importance z v[s & oa?s4      
,rule ,x4 ,9 ! exposition ( su* d\btful 
oa?s & v[s1 #a4 ,we  mu/ specially wat* 
aga9/ self-int]e/ or commodity1 t x     
corrupt n our und]/&+s4 #b4 ,& we mu/ n 
take our oa?s or  any "p ( !m 9 su* a   
s5se1 z a pi\s1 prud5t /&]-by t  is     
imp>tial1 & no :it int]e/$ 9 ! bus9ess1 
_c easily  f9d 9 ! words !mselves4#gj   
,rule ,,xi4 ,9 d\btful cases ! greate/  
dang] mu/ be mo/  c>efully avoid$1 & !  
saf] side pref]r$3 b ! dang] ( !  s\l by
 p]jury is ! greate/1 & !re=e no bodily 
dang] %\ld  s c>efully be avoid$3 &     
!re=e an oa? t 9 ! common &  obvi\s s5se
 seeme? unlawful %\ld n be tak51 unless 
!re be  v full evid5ce t x ha? ano!r    
s5se4 ,s&4 p4 #df1 ,nititur  autem1 c4  

,?is reason leane? on t g5]al & mo/     
useful rule1  t 9 d\btful cases we mu/  
foll[ ! saf] side3 b x is saf]  n to    
swe>1 :]e ! words ( ! oa? propos$1 d    
seem accord+  to ! common & obvi\s s5se 
( ! words to conta9 9 !m  some?+        
unlawful2 ?an by a loose int]pretation s
 to l5ify !m  = our own ends1 t we may !
 m securely swe> !m4 ,= x is  pla9 t su*
 an oa? may be refus$ )\t ! p]il (      
p]jury2  b n t x c be tak5 )\t "s dang] 
or fe>4 ,! same  rule mu/ guide u also 9
 keep+ v[s4    ,rule ,,xii4 ,x is       
ord9>ily resolv$ t impos$ oa?s mu/ be   
kept  accord+ to ! s5se ( ! impos]4 ,see
 ,s&]s4 p4 #aia1 #aib4 ,b ,i  conceive t
 ass]tion mu/ be m exactly op5$ & b\nd$4
 #a4  ,:]e ju/ice require? t we h       
respect to ! w or "r (  ! impos]1 !re ! 
oa? impos$ mu/ be tak5 9 8 s5se2 b  :e!r
 x mu/ be kept 9 8 s5se is fur!r to be  
consid]$4 #b4  ,:5 ,i h done my be/ to  
und]/& ! s5se ( ! impos] 9  tak+ ! oa?1 
& yet mi/ake x1 & s take x 7)\t fraud7 9
  ano!r s5se1 ! "q !n is some:at h>d1   

:e!r ,i mu/ keep  x 9 ! s5se ,i took x  
91 or 9 8 s5se1 :i* !n ,i und]/ood  n4  
,if ,i mu/ n keep x 9 my own s5se1 :i*  
,i took x 91 !n  x w\ld foll[ t ,i mu/  
keep ano!r oa?1 & n t :i* ,i  took3 = x 
is ! s5se t is ! oa?4 ,& ,i nev] oblig$ 
myself  to any ?+1 b accord+ to my own  
s5se3 & yet on ! o!r  side1 if e man may
 take oa?s 9 _! private s5se1 !n oa?s  w
 n atta9 _! ends1 nor be any security to
 ! impos]s4    ,9 ?is case y mu/        
c>efully di/+ui% betwe5 ! =mal          
obligation ( ! oa? or v[ z su*1 & !     
obligation ( ju/ice  to my neighb\r :i* 
is a consequ5t ( my v[4 ,& = ! =m] ,i   
conceive 7) submission7 t an oa? or v[  
_c b9d me1  =mally z su*1 9 any s5se b  
my own 9 :i* bona fide ,i took  x4      
,because =mally an oa? _c b9d me :i* ,i 
nev] took3 b ,i  nev] took t :i* ,i nev]
 meant1 nor ?\ght (2 if y s def9e  an   
oa? z to take 9 ! s5se1 :i* is ! s\l (  
x4    ,b !n 9 reg>d ( ! consequ5tial    
obligation 9 po9t ( ju/ice  unto man1 ! 
"q ,i ?9k mu/ be ?us resolv$3 #a4 ,we   

mu/  di/+ui% betwe5 a lawful impos] or  
contractor1 & a viol5t  usurp] or robb] 
t injuri\sly compelle? u to swe>4 #b4   
,betwe5  ! obvi\s1 usual s5se ( ! words1
 & an unusual1 =c$ s5se4  #c4 ,betwe5 a 
s9c]e1 involunt>y misund]/&+ ! impos]1 &
 a  volunt>y1 fraudul5t res]vation or   
private s5se4 #d4 ,betwe5 "o  t ,i owe  
some?+ to antec$5tly1 & "o t ,i owe no?+
 to  b by ! m]e self-obligation ( my v[4
 #e4 ,betwe5 an impos] t  is himself !  
culpable cause ( my misund]/&+ him1 & "o
 t  is n ! cause1 b my own weakness or  
neglig5ce is ! cause4 #f4  ,betwe5 a    
case :]e bo? s5ses may be kept1 & a case
 :]e !y  _c1 be+ inconsi/5t4 ,^u ^!     
di/9ctions1 ,i ?us resolve  ! "q4       
,prop4 ,i4 ,if ,i fraudul5tly & wilfully
 take an oa? 9 a s5se (  my own1 contr>y
 to ! s5se ( ! impos]1 & ! common & j   
s5se ( ! words !mselves1 ,i am guilty ( 
p]fidi\sness &  pr(an5ess 9 ! v tak+ (  
x4#ga    ,prop4 ,,ii4 ,if x be long ( my
 own culpable ignorance or neglig5ce  t 
,i misund]/ood ! impos]1 ,i am n !reby  

disoblig$ f !  public s5se4    ,prop4   
,,iii4 ,:5 ! impos] op5ly putte? a s5se 
on ! words  impos$ contr>y to ! usual1  
obvi\s s5se1 ,i am to und]/& him        
accord+ to 8 own expression1 & n to take
 ! oa?1 z impos$  9 any o!r s5se4       
,prop4 ,,iv4 ,if ! impos] refuse or     
neglect to tell me 8 s5se any  o!rwise  
?an 9 ! impos$ words1 ,i am to take &   
keep !m  accord+ to ! obvi\s s5se ( !   
words1 z !y are commonly us$  9 ! "t &  
place :i* ,i live 94    ,prop4 ,v4 ,if x
 be long ( ! impos]'s obscurity1 or     
refus+ to  expla9 himself1 or o!r       
culpable cause1 t ,i mi/ook him1 ,i am n
  b\nd to keep my oa? 9 8 s5se1 z       
diff]5t f my own 7unless  !re be "s o!r 
reason = x74    ,prop4 ,,vi4 ,if !      
impos] be a robb] or usurp]1 or "o t ,i 
owe  no?+ to 9 ju/ice1 b :at ,i oblige  
myself to by my oa?1 ,i am  n !n b\nd at
 all to keep my oa? 9 8 s5se1 if my own 
s5se  0 accord+ to ! common use ( !     
words4    ,prop4 ,,vii4 ,?\gh ,i may n  
lie to a robb] or tyrant t unju/ly      

impose? promises or oa?s ^u me1 yet if  
he put an oa? or promise  on me :i* is  
good & lawful 9 ! prop]1 usual s5se ( ! 
words1 ?\gh bad 9 8 s5se1 7:i* is       
contr>y to ! pla9  words17 :e!r ,i may  
take ?is to save my lib]ty or life1 ,i  
leave to  ! consid]ation ( ! judici\s3 t
 :i* may be said aga9/ x  is1 t oa?s mu/
 n be us$ indirectly & dissembl+ly3 t   
:i* may be said = x is1 #a4 ,t ,i h no  
obligation to fit my  words to 8        
p]sonal1 private s5se4 #b4 ,t ,i deceive
 him n1 b  only p]mit him to deceive    
himself1 z long z x is he & n ,i t      
misuse? ! words4 #c4 ,t ,i am to h *ief 
respect to ! public  s5se2 & x is n 8   
s5se1 b m9e1 t is ! public s5se4 #d4  ,t
 ! sav+ ( a man's life or lib]ty is     
cause en\gh = !  tak+ a lawful oa?4     
,prop4 ,,viii4 ,9 case ,i misund]/ood ! 
impos$ oa? ?r\gh my own  default1 ,i am 
b\nd to keep x 9 bo? s5ses1 7my own & ! 
impos]'s17 if bo? be consi/5t & lawful  
to be done4 ,= ,i am  b\nd to x 9 my own
 s5se1 because x 0 =mally my oa? or v[  

:i* ,i int5d$4 ,& ,i am b\nd to x 9 8   
s5se1 because ,i h 9  ju/ice made ! ?+ 8
 due4 ,z if ! k+ comm& me to v[ t  ,i w 
s]ve him 9 w>s aga9/ ! ,turk2 & ,i      
misund]/& him z  if he meant only to    
s]ve him ) my purse2 & s ,i make a v[ ) 
?is int5t1 to exp5d "p ( my e/ate to    
ma9ta9 t w>2 :]eas  ! true s5se 0 t ,i  
%\ld s]ve him ) my p]son3 9 ?is  case1  
,i see n b ,i am b\nd to bo?4    ,inde$ 
if x 7 a promise t oblig$ me only to !  
k+1 !n ,i  am oblig$ no fur!r & no long]
 ?an he w2 = he c remit 8  own "r3 b if 
by a v[ ,i become oblig$ directly to    
,god himself z  a p>ty1 !n no man c     
remit 8 "r1 & ,i mu/ p]=m my v[ z  made 
to him4    ,rule ,,xiii4 ,if any impose 
an ambigu\s oa?1 & refuse to expla9  x1 
& require y only to swe> 9 ^! words1 &  
leave y to  y\r own s5se1 ,dr4 ,s&]son  
?9ke? t an hone/ man %\ld  suspect "s   
fraud 9 su* an oa?1 & n take x at all   
till all  p>ties are agre$ ( ! s5se4#gb 
,& ,i ?9k he %\ld n take x  at all1     
unless !re be "s o!r cause t make? x 8  

duty4 ,b  if a lawful magi/rate comm& x1
 or ! int]e/ ( ! *ur* or  /ate require  
x1 ,i see n b he may take x1 on         
condition t 9  ! pla9 & prop] s5se ( !  
words ! oa? be lawful1 & t  he op5ly    
pr(ess to take x only 9 t s5se4    ,rule
 ,,xiv4 ,if any p[] %\ld impose an oa?1 
or v[1 or promise1  :i* 9 ! prop]1 usual
 s5se 7 d[nright impi\s1 or  blasphem\s1
 or s9ful1 & yet bid me take x 9 :at    
s5se ,i  pleas$1 ?\gh ,i c\ld take x 9  
su* a s5se z might make x no  real      
cons5t to ! impiety1 yet x w\ld be      
impi\s 9 ! s5se (  ! _w1 & ( su* he9\s  
consequ5ce z w make x to be  unlawful4  
,z if ,i mu/ subscribe1 or say1 or swe> 
^! words1 ,!re  is no ,god2 or1         
,scripture is untrue2 ?\gh x is easy to 
use ^! or  any words 9 a good s5se1 if  
,i may put :at s5se ,i w ^u !m1  yet !  
public s5se ( !m is blasphemy2 & ,i may 
n publicly  blaspheme1 on pret5ce ( a   
private "r s5se & int5tion4    ,rule    
,,xv4 ,if ! oa? impos$ be true 9 ! /rict
 & prop] s5se1  yet if t s5se be n      

vulg>ly kn[n1 nor suffici5tly manife/ to
  be ! impos]'s s5se1 & if ! words are  
false or blasphem\s 9  ! vulg> s5se ( ^?
 t ,i h to d )1 & t mu/  obs]ve & make  
use ( my example1 ,i mu/ n take su* an  
oa?1  )\t leave to make my s5se z public
 z my oa?4 ,z if ,i 7  comm&$ to swe>1  
,t ,god ha? no =ekn[l$ge1 no k1 no  w1  
c42 x 7 easy to prove t ^! t]ms are     
spok5 prim>ily  ( man1 & t !y are       
attribut$ to ,god b analogically or     
metaphorically1 & t ,god ha? no su*     
human acts =malit]1 b  em95t]1 & t =ma  
dat nom51 & s t /rictly x is  n k & w 9 
! prim>y1 prop] notion1 t ,god ha? at   
all1 b some?+ inf9itely high]1 = :i* man
 ha? no o!r  "n4 ,b ?\gh ?us ! words are
 true & ju/ifiable 9 !  /ricte/1 prop]  
s5se1 yet are !y unlawful1 because !y   
are  blasphemy 9 ! vulg> s5se3 & he t   
speaks to ! vulg> is  suppos$ to speak )
 ! vulg>2 unless he z publicly expla9   
!m4    ,rule ,,xvi4 ,if ! supreme p[]   
%\ld impose an oa? or promise1  :i* 9 ! 
ord9>y1 obvi\s s5se 7 s9ful1 & an       

inf]ior  (fic] w\ld bid me take x 9 :at 
s5se ,i pleas$1 ,i might n  !re=e take  
x3 because t su* an (fic] ha? no p[] to 
int]pret x himself2 mu* less to all[ me 
to take x 9 a private  s5se4 ,b if !    
lawgiv] t impose? x bid me take x 9 :at 
s5se ,i w1 & give me leave to make my   
s5se z public z my oa?1  ,i may take x1 
if ! words be b dubi\s1 & n app>5tly    
false  or s9ful3 7s !re be no reason    
aga9/ x1 aliunde1 z f ill  consequ5ts1  
c47    ,rule ,,xvii4 ,if any man w say 9
 su* a case1 7:5 he ?9ke?  t ! impos]'s 
s5se is bad17 ,i take n ! same oa? or   
engagem5t :i* is impos$1 b ano!r 9 !    
same words1 & ,i  suppose n inf]ior     
(fic]s au?oriz$ to admit any            
int]pretation1  b ,i look at !m only z  
m5 t c actually execute or n  execute ! 
laws ^u me2 & s ,i take a v[ ( my own   
accord+ to  my own s5se1 ?\gh 9 _!      
words1 z a means ( my avoid+ _!         
sev]ities3 z ?is is a collusion 9 a v   
high & t5d] bus9ess1  s t p]son 7if !   
public s5se ( ! oa? be s9ful7 mu/ make  

8 pr(ess$ s5se z public z 8 oa? or      
promise2 x be+ no  small ?+ to d t :i* 9
 ! public s5se is impi\s1 & s to  be an 
example ( p]fidi\sness to _m4    ,rule  
,,xviii4 ,?\gh an oa? impos$ by a usurp]
 or by viol5ce is  n to be tak5 9 =mal  
ob$i5ce1 nor at all1 unless ! greatness 
( ! b5efit require x1 yet be+ tak5 x is 
nev]!less  obligatory#gc 7suppos+ no?+  
else d make x void74 ,man is a free     
ag5t1 & _c be =c$1 ?\gh he may be       
fright5$3 if he swe>  to a ?ief = ! sav+
 ( 8 life1 he volunt>ily do? *oose !    
inconv5i5ces ( ! oa?1 z a means to save 
8 life4 ,!re=e  be+ a volunt>y act x is 
obligatory2 else !re %\ld be no         
obligation on u to suff] = ,*ri/1 b any 
?+ might be sworn or  done to escape    
suff]+3 see ( ?is ,dr4 ,s&]son l>gely1  
,prlect4  iv4 sect4 #ad-af4 ,!          
imposition & ! oa? are diff]5t ?+s3 9  !
 imposition1 a ?ief or tyrant is ! p>ty 
comm&+1 & ,i am  ! p>ty comm&$2 & 8 hav+
 no au?ority to comm& me1 do?  nullify  
only 8 comm&1 & make? me n oblig$ to    

obey him1 nor  to take x 9 any ob$i5ce  
to him2 b yet if ,i d take x )\t  any   
au?ority oblig+ me1 7z private oa?s are 
tak517 x is /ill  an oa? or v[1 9 :i* ! 
p>ties are ,god & man2 man v[+ &  mak+  
himself a debtor to ,god2 & ,god ha?    
au?ority to require me  to keep my v[s1 
:5 m5 h no au?ority to require me to    
make  !m4 ,all m5 confess t private v[s 
b9d2 & ! nullity ( !  impos]'s au?ority1
 make? !m b private v[s4 ,?is case is   
easy1  & commonly agre$ on4    ,rule    
,,xix4 ,if 9 a complex v[ or promise !re
 be _m ?+s :i*  prove mat]ially         
unlawful1 & "o or m t are lawful1 !     
conjunction ( ! ?+s unlawful do? n      
disoblige me f ! v[  ( do+ ! lawful "p4 
,o!rwise a man might make void all 8 v[s
  to ,god1 & oa?s & cov5ants ) m51 by   
putt+ 9 some?+ t  is evil ) ! good2 & s 
,god1 & ! k+1 & our neighb\rs  w\ld h _!
 debts paid by our s9 & injury done !m  
on !  bye4    ,rule ,,xx4 ,if "s "p ( t 
:i* y v[$ become impossible1  t do? n   
disoblige y f s mu* z rema9e? possible4 

,z if  y v[ allegiance to ! k+1 &       
tyrants or disability h9d] y  f s]v+ him
 z subjects 9 "s "o p>ticul> way1 y     
rema9  /ill oblig$ to s]ve him by ^? o!r
 ways 9 :i* y are yet  capable to s]ve  
him4 ,s if y _h tak5 an oa? aga9/ pop]y1
 to  prea* aga9/ x1 & reject ! practice 
( x1 & = ev]  r5\nce x2 ?is w\ld n b9d y
 f ! common tru?s & duties  (           
*ri/ianity1 :i* papi/s hold 9 common )  
all o!r  *ri/ians3 nor c\ld y prea*     
aga9/ pop]y1 if y 7 h9d]$  by           
imprisonm5t1 bani%m5t1 or re/ra9t2 b y h
 /ill p[] to  =be> approv+1 cons5t+1    
subscrib+1 or practis+ _!  errors2 & ?is
 y are /ill b\nd to d4    ,rule ,,xxi4  
,?\gh y are n b\nd to d t ( y\r v[ :i*  
*anges h made impossible or unlawful1   
yet if ano!r *ange make  !m possible &  
lawful aga91 y\r obligation do? return  
afre%  7unless y made x ) su*           
limitation74 ,x is n a tempor>y         
cessation ( ! matt]1 or end1 or         
correlate1 t w p]petually  dis*>ge y f  
y\r v[4 ,if y\r wife be tak5 captive _m 

ye>s1  :5 %e returne?1 y are b\nd to !  
duties ( a husb&4 ,if !  k+ be expell$  
by usurp]s1 y are b\nd at pres5t to s   
mu* duty  z is possible1 & to obey him z
 y\r actual gov]nor :5 he  returne?4 ,b 
9 ! case ( s]vants & soldi]s1 & o!r     
tempor>y relations1 x is o!rwise2 = a   
removal may end !  relation itself4 ,if 
y promise to prea* ! gospel1 to m$icate 
!  sick1 to relieve ! poor1 to re=m y\r 
families1 c4 y are n  h]eby oblig$ to d 
x :ile any unresi/ible imp$im5t make? x 
impossible2 b :5 ! h9d]ance cease?1 y   
are oblig$ to d x  aga92 ! matt] & y\r  
capacity be+ re/or$4    ,rule ,,xxii4   
,!re=e _m a v[ & promise may be lawfully
  unp]=m$1 :i* may n be r5\nc$ or       
disclaim$4 ,:5 y are  tak5 captives y   
mu/ =be> y\r duty to y\r k+1 y\r fa!r1  
y\r husb& or wife1 b y may n !re=e      
r5\nce !m1 &  say1 ,i h no obligation to
 !m3 no1 n to ! dea?2 because !y  are   
relations = life2 & h[ improbable soev] 
x may seem t y  %\ld be return$ to !m1  
yet ,god c d x1 & y mu/ wait on  him4   

,rule ,,xxiii4 ,a =m] v[ or promise is n
 nullifi$ by a latt]  t contradicte?    
x4#gd ,o!rwise a man might disoblige    
himself at  8 pleasure4 ,yet he t make? 
contr>y v[s1 oblige? himself to         
contr>ies & impossibles2 & br+e? a      
necessity ( p]jury on  himself1 = n do+ 
! ?+s impossible :i* he v[$4 ,& 9  "s   
cases a lat] promise to m5 may null a   
=m]1 :5 we made !  =m] ) ! res]ve ( su* 
a p[] or lib]ty1 or are ju/ly  suppos$  
to h p[]1 to recall a =m] promise3 or :5
 x is !  duty ( a mutable relation :i*  
we v[1 7z ( a physician1 a  s*oolma/]1  
c47 & by a lat] v[ we *ange ! relation  
itself  7:i* we may /ill lawfully       
*ange74    ,rule ,,xxiv4 ,! actus jur&i 
mu/ /ill be di/+ui%$ f !  mat]ia        
juram5ti2 & x v (t5 come? to pass t !   
act (  swe>+ 7or ! oa? z our act7 is    
unlawfully done1 & 0 a s9  f ! beg9n+1 &
 yet x is nev]!less obligatory z long z 
! res jurata1 ! matt] sworn1 is lawful  
or necess>y4#ge ,dr4  ,s&]son in/ance? 9
 ,jo%ua's oa? to ! ,gibeonites4 ,!      

nature (  ! ?+ is pro( en\gh2 = _m a ?+ 
is s9fully done1 = want  ( a due call1  
or mann]1 or end1 t yet is done1 & is no
 nullity4  ,a man may s9fully ent] ^u ! 
m9i/ry1 t yet is b\nd to d  ! duty ( a  
m9i/]2 & _m m>riages are s9ful t are no 
nullities4    ,sid5ote3 ,:at is !       
nullity ( an oa?4    ,rule ,,xxv4 ,!    
nullity ( an oa? ab initio1 is qu&o     
realit]  vel reputative non juravimus2  
:5 really or reputatively we did n      
swe>4 ,! s9fulness ( an oa? is :5 we did
 swe> really b  unlawfully z to ! gr\nd1
 or end1 or matt]1 or mann]1 or         
circum/ances4 ,really t man did n swe>1 
#a4 ,:o spake n  7m5tally nor orally7 ! 
words ( an oa?4 #b4 ,:o ?\ght ^? words  
_h signifi$ no su* ?+1 & s _h no int5t  
to swe> ei!r  m5tally or v]bally4 ,z if 
an ,engli%man be taught to use ! words  
( an oa? 9 ,fr5*1 & made believe t !y h 
a contr>y  s5se4 #c4 ,:o only n>ratively
 recit$ ! words ( an oa?1 z a  report]  
or hi/orian1 )\t a real or pr(ess$ int5t
 ( swe>+4  ,reputatively he did n swe>1 

#a4 ,:o spake ! words ( an oa? 9  8     
sleep1 or 9 a deliration1 di/raction1   
madness1 or su* preval5t  melan*oly z   
ma/]e? reason2 :5 a man is n compos     
m5tis1 8  act is n actus humanus4 7#b47 
,:5 a man's h& is =cibly mov$  by ano!r 
aga9/ 8 w to subscribe ! words ( an oa? 
or  cov5ant2 = if x be totally          
involunt>y x is n a moral act4 ,b  words
 _c be =c$2 = he t swe>e? to save 8     
life1 do? d  x volunt>ily to save 8     
life4 ,! w may be mov$ by fe>1 b  n =c$4
 ,yet ! p]son t wrongfully fright5e?    
ano!r into  cons5t1 or to swe>1 ha? no  
"r to any b5efit :i* he ?\ght to  get by
 =ce or fraud2 & s 9 =o civili su*      
promises1 or  cov5ants1 or oa?s may     
quoad effectum be reputatively null2 &  
he  t by putt+ 8 sword to ano!r man's   
brea/ do? compel him to  swe> or        
subscribe & seal a de$ ( gift1 may be   
judg$ to h no  "r to x1 b to be         
puni%able = ! =ce2 b ?\gh ?is  cov5ant  
or promise be null 9 =o humano1 because 
! p]son  _c acquire a "r by viol5ce1 yet

 ! oa? is n a nullity  be=e ,god2 = :5  
,god is made a p>ty1 he ha? a "r :i* is 
inviolable2 & :5 he is appeal$ to or    
made a witness1 8 "n  mu/ n be tak5 9   
va94 #c4 ,x is a nullity reputatively :5
 !  p]son is naturally incapable (      
self-obligation1 z 9 infancy1 :5  reason
 is n come to s mu* maturity z to be    
naturally capable (  su* a "w2 ,i say   
naturally incapable1 = ! reasons foll[+4
    ,rule ,,xxvi4 ,we mu/ di/+ui% betwe5
 a natural incapacity (  v[+ or swe>+ at
 all1 & an incapacity ( do+ x lawfully2 
&  betwe5 a true nullity1 & :5 ! oa? is 
only quasi nullum1 or  z null quoad     
effectum1 or su* z ,i mu/ n keep4 ,!re  
are _m  real oa?s & v[s :i* mu/ n be    
kept1 & s f> are quasi  nulla z to !    
effect+ ( ! ?+ v[$2 b !y are n simply   
null2 = !y h ! effect ( mak+ ! man a    
s9n] &  p]jur$4 ,!y are s9ful v[s1 &    
!re=e v[s4 ,a natural  incapacity prove?
 x no v[ at all2 b if ,i am naturally   
capable1  & only =bidd51 7by ,god or    
man17 ?is make? x n no v[1 b a  s9ful   

v[1 ( :i* "s mu/ be kept & "s mu/ n4    
,sid5ote3 ,cases 9 :i* a v[ mu/ n be    
kept4    ,9 ^! foll[+ cases a real v[ is
 quasi nullum1 or mu/ n be  kept4    #a4
 ,9 case ! ?+ v[$ 7all ?+s consid]$7 be 
a ?+ :i*  ,god ha? =bidd5 to be done2 t 
is1 9 case x be a ?+ 9  itself evil2 b  
if ! ?+ 9 itself be a duty1 ?\gh !re be 
"s insep>able s9s :i* we %all be guilty 
( 9 ! p]=mance1  we mu/ n !re=e leave ! 
duty itself undone :i* we h  v[$3 z if  
,i v[ to praise ,god1 & yet am sure t ,i
 _c praise  him )\t a s9ful defect ( t  
love & delight 9 him :i* is  due1 ,i mu/
 n !re=e =be> to praise him2 else we mu/
 ca/ (f  all o!r duty1 because we _c d x
 )\t "s s94 ,b yet1  ?\gh 9 case (      
unwill+ infirmity1 we mu/ ?us d ! duty  
?\gh  we are sure to s9 9 x1 yet 9 case 
( any *os51 volunt>y s91  :i* we h an   
imm$iate p[] to avoid1 we mu/ r =be> !  
duty itself 7v[$ or n v[$7 ?an commit   
su* a s92 z if ,i v[  to prea* ! gospel1
 & am =cibly h9d]$ unless ,i w\ld       
volunt>ily tell "o lie1 or commit "o s9 

wilfully = ?is lib]ty2  ,i ought r nev] 
to prea* ! gospel2 nor is x !n a duty1 b
  become morally impossible to me2 z if 
9 ,france or ,spa9 ,i may n  prea*      
unless ,i w\ld take ,pope ,pius's ,tr5t 
confession or oa?4 ,nay1  if ^? v       
defects ( love1 & w&]+ ?\ghts1 :i* n[   
insep>ably cleave to my be/ p]=mances1 7
 morally &  imm$iately 9 my p[]1 & ,i   
c\ld avoid !m1 ,i ought n  electively & 
by cons5t to commit !m1 = any lib]ty (  
duty1 b  r to =be> ! duty itself z no   
duty to me :5 x come? ^u  su*           
conditions2 = !n x is suppos$ t ,i c\ld 
s]ve ,god bett]  )\t t duty1 because ,i 
c\ld love him m1 c4    ,yet "h is       
obs]vable a great deal ( diff]5ce betwe5
 omissions  & commissions4 ,a man may   
nev] commit a s9 t good may come by  x1 
?\gh he v[$ ! good2 b a man may (ttimes 
omit t :i*  else w\ld h be5 8 duty1 to d
 "s good :i* he ha? v[$2  = negative    
comm&s b9d semp] et ad semp]2 b !       
affirmative  d n 7at lea/ z to outw>d   
duty72 !re=e 9 case ( necessity a  man  

may himself cons5t to ! pres5t omission 
( "s good1 = !  escap+ ( great]1        
unavoidable omissions ano!r "t1 or = !  
p]=m+ ( a v[ or great] duty :i* is to be
 pref]r$4    #b4 ,a v[ is n to be kept1 
:5 ! matt] ( x is unju/ &  injuri\s to  
ano!r 7unless y h 8 cons5t73 z if y v[  
to  give away ano!r man's l&s or goods1 
or to d him wrong by ^w or  de$2 or if y
 v[ to =be> to pay him 8 due1 or to d t 
:i*  y owe him3 z if a s]vant v[ to =be>
 8 ma/]'s "w 7unless  x be s small an   
injury z he c o!rwise repair72 or a     
husb&1 or  wife1 or p>5ts1 or *ildr51 or
 pr9ce1 or subjects %\ld v[ to  d5y _!  
necess>y duties to ea* o!r4 ,"h man's "r
 toge!r  ) ,god's law do? make x unju/  
to p]=m su* v[s4    #c4 ,a v[ is z null 
or n to be kept1 :5 ! matt] is some?+  t
 is morally or civilly out ( our p[] to 
d3 z if a s]vant1 or  a *ild1 or subject
 v[ to d a ?+1 :i* he _c d lawfully  )\t
 ! cons5t ( 8 sup]ior3 ?is v[ is n      
simply null1 =  x is a s9ful v[ 7unless 
x 0 conditional74 ,e rational  creature 

is s f> sui juris1 z t 8 s\l be+        
imm$iately  subject to ,god1 he is      
capable ( oblig+ himself to ,god2 & s 8 
v[ is a real s9ful v[1 :5 he is n s f>  
sui juris z to be  capable ( a lawful   
v[+1 or do+ ! ?+ :i* he v[e?4 ,su* a  "o
 is b\nd to endeav\r to get 8 sup]ior's 
cons5t1 b n  )\t x to p]=m 8 v[2 no1    
?\gh ! ?+ 9 itself be  lawful4 ,= ,god  
hav+ antec$5tly b\nd me to obey my      
sup]iors 9  all lawful ?+s1 ,i _c       
disoblige myself by my own v[s4    ,yet 
"h are v great difficulties 9 ?is case1 
:i* cause?  diff]5ce among ! le>n$e/1   
pi\s casui/s4 #a4 ,if a gov]nor h       
be=eh& made a law = t :i* ,i v[ aga9/1 x
 is suppos$ by  _m t my v[ is n to be   
kept1 7! ?+ be+ n aga9/ !  law ( ,god17 
because ! fir/ obligation holde?4 #b4   
,yet "s ?9k  t magi/rates' p5al laws    
b9d+ b aut ad ob$i5tiam aut ad  pnam1 to
 ob$i5ce or puni%m5t1 ,i am !re=e oblig$
 9  indiff]5t ?+s to be> 8 p5alty1 & to 
keep my v[4#gf #c4 ,b  if ,i fir/ make  
an absolute v[ 9 a ?+ indiff]5t1 7z to  

dr9k  no w9e1 or to we> no silks1 c47 & 
! magi/rate aft]w>ds  comm& x me1 "s ?9k
 ,i am b\nd to keep my v[2 because ?\gh 
,i  mu/ obey ! magi/rate 9 all ?+s      
lawful1 yet my v[ ha? made  ?is p>ticul>
 ?+ to be to me unlawful1 be=e !        
magi/rate made  x a duty4 #d4 ,?\gh o!rs
 ?9k t ev5 9 ?is case ! g5]al           
obligation to obey my sup]iors prev5te? 
my oblig+ myself to any  p>ticul> :i* !y
 may =bid 9 case ,i _h n v[$ x1 or      
aga9/ any p>ticul> :i* !y may comm&4 #e4
 ,o!rs di/+ui%  ( ?+s lawful or         
indiff]5t1 & say t "s ( !m are su* z    
become accid5tally s useful or ne$ful to
 ! common good1 ! end  ( gov]nm5t1 t x  
is fit ! magi/rate make a law = x1 &  ! 
break+ ( t law w be s hurtful1 t my v[  
_c b9d  me to x1 z be+ n[ no indiff]5t  
?+2 b o!r indiff]5t  ?+s !y say belong n
 to ! magi/rate to det]m9e ( 7z :at  ,i 
%all eat or dr9k1 :e!r ,i %all m>ry or  
n1 :at trade ,i %all  be (1 h[ ea*      
artific]1 tradesman1 or pr(essor ( arts 
&  sci5ces %all d ! bus9ess ( 8         

pr(ession1 c47 ,& "h !  magi/rate !y ?9k
 _c b9d !m aga9/ _! v[s1 because  _! p[]
 ( !mselves 9 su* private cases is      
great] ?an 8  p[] ov] !m 9 ^? cases4    
,all ^! ,i leave z s _m que/ions  unfit 
= me to resolve 9 ! mid/ ( ! cont5tions 
( !  le>n$4 ,! great reasons t move on  
bo? sides y may easily  disc]n4 #a4 ,^? 
t ?9k an oa? 9 lawful ?+s1 oblige? n    
contr>y to ! magi/rate's antec$5t or    
subsequ5t comm&1 are  mov$ by ?is       
reason1 ,t else subjects & *ildr5 might 
by _!  v[s exempt !mselves f ob$i5ce1 & 
null ,god's comm& (  obey+ our sup]iors4
 #b4 ,^? t ?9k a v[ is obligatory aga9/ 
a magi/rate's comm&1 are mov$ by ?is    
reason1 ,because else1 say  !y1 a       
magi/rate may at 8 pleasure disp5se )   
all v[s1 except  9 ?+s comm&$ be=e by   
,god3 = he may come aft] & cross our    
v[s by 8 comm&s1 :i*1 aga9/ ! pope's    
pret5sions1  prote/ants h d5i$ to be 9 !
 p[] ( any mortal man4 ,& ,god1  say !y1
 ha? ! fir/ "r1 :i* none c take away4 ,i
 mu/ n  be =w>d 9 det]m9+ :]e rul]s are 

conc]n$2 only to ^?  t may & mu/ det]m9e
 x1 ,i add ^! fur!r mat]ials to be      
consid]$ (4    #a4 ,x is mo/ necess>y to
 ! decision ( ?is case1 to und]/&  h[ f>
 ! inf]ior t v[e? 0 sui juris1 & _h !   
p[] (  himself :5 he made ! v[1 z to !  
mak+ ( x1 & h[ f> he  is sui juris z to 
! act :i* he ha? v[$2 & to t end to  "k1
 9 a case :]e !re is "s p[] ov] 8 act1  
bo? 9 8  sup]ior & 9 himself1 :e!r 8 own
 p[]1 or 8 sup]ior's1 z  to t act1 be ! 
great]4    #b4 ,x is !re=e ne$ful to    
di/+ui% mu* betwe5 ^? acts t  are (     
private use & signification only1 & ^? t
  7antec$5tly to ! rul]'s comm&7 are (  
public use & nature1 or  su* z ! rul] is
 z mu* conc]n$ 9 z ! inf]ior4    #c4 ,x 
is ne$ful to und]/& ! true int5t & s5se 
( !  comm& ( our sup]ior2 :e!r x be     
really 8 int5t to b9d  inf]iors to break
 _! v[s1 or :e!r !y int5d only to b9d   
^? t are n s entangl$ & pre-engag$ by a 
v[1 ) a tacit  exception ( ^? t are4#gg 
,& :at is mo/ j mu/ be  presum$1 unless 
! contr>y be pla94    #d4 ,x mu/ be     

disc]n$ :e!r ! comm&s ( sup]iors int5d  
any  fur!r p5alty ?an t :i* is affix$ 9 
_! laws3 z 9 our  p5al laws ab\t us+ b[s
 & arr[s1 & ab\t fi%+1 hunt+1  c42 :e!r 
x be int5d$ t ! (f5d] be guilty (       
damnation1  or only t ! ?reat5$ temporal
 p5alty d satisfy ! law2 &  :e!r ,god   
b9d u to any fur!r p5alty ?an ! sup]ior 
int5de?4    #e4 ,! end ( ! laws ( m5 mu/
 be di/+ui%$ f ! words2  & a great      
diff]5ce mu/ be put betwe5 ^? =bidd5    
acts t  d no fur!r h>m ?an b>ely to     
cross ! lett] ( ! law1 or w  ( a        
sup]ior1 & ^? t cross ! j end ( ! comm& 
or  law2 & t ei!r m or less1 z x is m or
 less hurtful to  o!rs1 or aga9/ !      
common good3 = !n ! matt] w become      
s9ful 9 itself4    #f4 ,:e!r p]jury1 or 
! unwill+ violation ( human laws1 be !  
great] s91 & :i* 9 a d\btful case %\ld  
be mo/ fe>$ &  avoid$1 x is easy to     
disc]n4    ,rule ,,xxvii4 ,a v[ may be  
consequ5tly made null or void1 #a4 ,by  
cessation ( ! matt]1 or any ?+ ess5tial 
to x1 7( :i*  be=e17 or by a disp5sation

 or dissolution ( x by ,god to :om we   
are oblig$4 ,no d\bt x is 9 ,god's p[]  
to disoblige a man f  8 v[2 b h[ he ev] 
do? su* a ?+ is all ! d\bt3  extraord9>y
 revelations be+ ceas$1 !re is ?is way  
yet  ord9>y1 viz4 by br++ ! matt] :i* ,i
 v[$ to d1 "u "s  prohibition ( a g5]al 
law1 by ! *anges ( 8 provid5ce4    ,rule
 ,,xxviii4 ,z to ! p[] ( man to disp5se 
) oa?s & v[s1  !re is a great & mo/     
rem>kable diff]5ce betwe5 ^? oa?s  & v[s
 :]e man is ! only p>ty t we are        
prim>ily b\nd to1  & ,god is only       
appeal$ to z witness or judge1 z to !   
keep+ (  my ^w to man2 & ^? oa?s or v[s 
:]e ,god is also made 7ei!r  only or    
conjunct ) man7 ! p>ty to :om ,i        
prim>ily oblige  myself4 ,= 9 ! fir/    
case man c disp5se ) my oa? or v[1 by   
remitt+ 8 own "r1 & releas+ me f my     
promise2 b 9 !  second case no creat$   
p[] c d x4 ,z e4 g4 if ,i promise to pay
 a  man a sum ( money1 or to d him      
s]vice1 & swe> t ,i w  p]=m x fai?fully2
 if ^u "s aft] b>ga9 or consid]ation he 

release me ( t promise1 ,god release? me
 also1 z ! witnesses  & judge h no?+    
aga9/ a man1 :om ! cr$itor ha?  dis*>g$4
 ,b if ,i swe> or v[ t ,i w am5d my     
life1 or re=m  my family ( "s great     
abuse1 or t ,i w give s mu* to !  poor1 
or t ,i w give up myself to ! "w ( !    
gospel1 or t  ,i w nev] m>ry1 or nev]   
dr9k w9e1 or nev] cons5t to pop]y or    
error1 c42 no man c disp5se ) my v[1 nor
 directly disoblige me  9 any su* case2 
because no man c give away ,god's "r3   
all t  man c d 9 any su* case is1 to    
become an occasion ( ,god's  disoblig+  
me3 if he c s *ange ! case1 or my       
condition1 z to  br+ me "u "s law (     
,god1 :i* comm&e? me ! contr>y to my    
v[1 !n ,god disoblige? me1 or make? x   
unlawful to keep t v[4  ,& "h because a 
v[ is commonly tak5 = su* a promise to  
,god1 9  :i* we directly b9d ourselves  
to him1 !re=e we say1 t a v[  7?us      
/rictly tak57 _c be disp5s$ ) by man2   
?\gh 9 !  s5se a=esaid1 an oa? sometimes
 may4    ,! papi/s deal mo/ p]v]sely 9  

?is po9t ( disp5s+ )  oa?s & v[s2 = !y  
give t p[] to ! pope ov] all !  *ri/ian 
_w1 :o is a usurp]1 & none ( our        
gov]nor1 :i*  !y d5y to pr9ces & p>5ts t
 are our und\bt$ gov]nors3 !  pope may  
disoblige vassals f _! oa?s ( allegiance
 to _!  pr9ces1 7z ! c\ncil ( ,lat]an   
be=e cit$17 b no k+ or  p>5t may        
disoblige a man f 8 oa? to ! pope3 nay1 
if a *ild  v[ a mona/ical life1 & dep>t 
f 8 p>5ts1 !y all[ n !  p>5ts to        
disoblige him4    ,rule ,,xxix4 ,9 !    
det]m9+ ( controv]sies ab\t ! obligation
  ( oa?s & v[s1 x is safe/ to m>k :at   
,scripture sai?1 & n  to presume1 ^u    
unc]ta9 pret5ce ( reason1 to release    
ourselves1  :]e we are n sure t ,god    
release? u4    ,rule ,,xxx4 ,t obs]vable
 *apt]1 ,numb4 xxx4 ab\t disp5sations1  
ha? _m ?+s 9 x t are pla9 = ! decision (
 div]s great  & usual d\bts2 b _m ?+s   
:i* "s d collect & conclude  z          
consequ5tial or impli$1 are d\btful &   
controv]t$ among !  mo/ judici\s        
expositors & casui/s4    #a4 ,x is c]ta9

 t ?is *apt] speake? n ( a total nullity
 (  v[s ab initio1 b ( a relaxation1 or 
disannull+ ( !m by  sup]iors4 ,=1 #a4   
,b>e sil5ce 7:i* is no effici5t cause7  
do?  prove !m to be 9 =ce4 #b4 ,x is n  
said1 ,%e is b\nd1 or n  b\nd2 b1 ,h] v[
 & bond %all /&1 v]4 #d1 #g1 #i1 #aa3   
or1 %all  n /&1 v]4 #e1 #ab3 &1 ,he %all
 make x ( none effect1 v]4 #h4  ,!      
,hebrew1 v]4 #e1 signifie?1 ,quia       
annihilavit pat] ejus illud4  ,& v]4 #h1
 ,et si 9 die audire virum ejus1        
annihilav]it illud1 et  infreg]it vitam 
ejus4#gh--c4 ,x is expressly said1 t %e 
_h  b\nd h] s\l be=e ! dissolution4 #d4 
,x is said1 ,! ,"l %all  =give h]1 v]4  
#e1 #h1 #ab1 :i* signifie? a relaxation 
( a =m]  bond4 ,or at ! mo/1 ! p>5t's   
sil5ce is a confirmation1 & 8  dis[n+ x 
h9d]e? only ! confirmation4 ,s ! ,*aldee
  p>aphrase2 ! ,sam>itan & ,arabic1 ,non
 erunt confirmata2 !  ,syriac1 ,rata vel
 irrita erunt4    #b4 ,x is c]ta9 t a   
fa!r ha? ! p[] ( relaxation "h  m5tion$ 
z to an unm>ri$ daught]1 9 h] y\? liv+ 9

 8  h\se1 & a husb& ov] 8 wife2 = x is !
 express words ( !  text4    #c4 ,x is  
c]ta9 t ?is p[] ext5de? to v[s ab\t all 
?+s 9  :i* ! inf]ior is n sui juris1 b  
is "u ! sup]ior's  c>e & ov]sight1 & _c 
p]=m x 79 case !re _h be5 no  v[7 )\t ! 
sup]ior's cons5t4    #d4 ,x is c]ta9 t x
 ext5de? n only to matt]s conc]n+ !     
gov]nors !mselves1 b conc]n+ v[s to     
,god1 z !y are good or  hurtful to !    
inf]iors4    #e4 ,x is c]ta9 t !re are  
"s v[s s necess>y & cle>ly =  !         
inf]ior's good1 t 9 !m he is sui juris1 
& no sup]ior  c susp5d 8 v[s3 z to h !  
,"l = 8 ,god2 & n to  commit idolatry1  
murd]1 !ft1 c4 ,no sup]ior c disoblige u
 "h2  = ! p[] ( sup]iors is only = !    
inf]ior's indemnity &  good4    #f4 ,x  
is c]ta9 t ! sup]ior's recall mu/ be    
spe$y or 9 "t1  be=e sil5ce c signify   
cons5t1 & make a confirmation ( !  v[4  
#g4 ,x is c]ta9 t if ! sup]ior h once   
ratifi$ x by sil5ce  or cons5t1 he _c   
aft]w>ds disannul x4    #h4 ,x is agre$1
 t if he a:ile diss5t & disannul x1 &   

aft]w>ds bo? inf]ior & sup]ior cons5t   
aga91 t x rema9e?  ratifi$4    #i4 ,x is
 agre$ t ! sup]ior t c dis*>ge ! v[ ( ! 
inf]ior1 _c release himself f 8 own v[s4
 ,if ! pope c\ld  release all m51 :o    
%all release him8    ,b 9 ^! po9ts      
foll[+ !re is no su* c]ta9ty or agreem5t
  ( judgm5ts1 because ! text seeme?     
sil5t ab\t !m1 & m5  conjecture v>i\sly 
z !y are prep>$4 #a4 ,x is unc]ta9 :e!r 
any b wom5 may be releas$ by virtue (   
?is text3 #a4 ,because !  text expressly
 di/+ui%+ betwe5 a man & a woman do?    
fir/  say1 ,si vir----,if a man v[ a v[ 
unto ! ,"l1 or swe> an oa? to  b9d 8 s\l
 ) a bond1 he %all n break 8 ^w2 he %all
 d  accord+ to all t proce$e? out ( 8   
m\?4 ,& #b4 ,because  wom5 are only     
in/anc$ 91 :5 ,scripture usually speake?
 ( !m  9 ! mascul9e g5d]1 :5 x include? 
bo? sexes1 or ext5de? x  to bo?4 #c4 ,& 
9 ! recapitulation 9 ! end1 x is said by
 way (  recital ( ! cont5ts1 v]4 #af1   
,^! are ! /atutes :i* !  ,"l comm&$     
,moses betwe5 a man & 8 wife2 betwe5 !  

fa!r  & 8 daught]--9 h] y\? 9 h] fa!r's 
h\se3 z if he w\ld  caution u aga9/     
ext5d+ x any fur!r4 ,& ?\gh _m good     
expositors ?9k t x ext5de? equally to   
sons z to daught]s1  9 _! m9ority1      
because !re is a p>ity ( reason1 yet ?is
 is an  unc]ta9 conjecture3 #a4 ,because
 ,god seeme? by ! expression to  b\nd ! 
s5se4 #b4 ,because ,god acqua9te? n man 
) all !  reasons ( 8 laws4 #c4 ,because 
!re may be special reasons = an         
indulg5ce to ! weak] sex 9 su* a weighty
 case4 ,& ?\gh /ill  !re is a           
probability x may ext5d to sons1 x is   
good keep+ to  c]ta9ties 9 matt]s ( su* 
dreadful importance z oa?s & v[s  to    
,god4    #b4 ,x is unc]ta9 :e!r ?is p[] 
( disannull+ v[s d belong  also to o!r  
sup]iors1#gi to pr9ces1 to inf]ior      
magi/rates1 to  pa/ors1 ma/]s1 to       
comm&]s1 z to _! soldi]s1 z well z to   
p>5ts & husb&s4 ,"s ?9k x do?1 because  
!re is1 say !y1  a p>ity ( reason4 ,o!rs
 ?9k x is dang]\s disannull+ oa?s  & v[s
 ^u pret5ces ( p>ity ( reason1 :5 x is  

unc]ta9  :e!r we "k all ,god's reasons3 
& !y ?9k !re is n a  p>ity1 & t x       
ext5de? n to o!rs4 #a4 ,because p>5ts & 
husb&s are s emphatically nam$ 9 !      
cont5ts 9 ! end1 v]4  #af4 #b4 ,because 
x _h be5 z easy to ,god to "n ! re/4 #c4
 ,because  !re is no in/ance 9          
,scripture ( ! ex]cise ( su* a p[]1  :5 
!re 0 mu* occasion = x4 #d4 ,because    
else v[s signify no  m 9 a k+dom ?an !  
k+ please1 & 9 an army ?an !  g5]al &   
(fic]s please1 & among s]vants ?an !    
ma/]  please2 :i* is ?\ght a dang]\s    
doctr9e4 #e4 ,because !re w  be an utt] 
unc]ta9ty :5 a v[ b9de? & :5 x do? n to 
almo/ all ! p 9 ! _w2 = "o sup]ior may  
contradict  x1 & ano!r or a hundr$ may  
be sil5t3 ! k+ & mo/ ( !  magi/rates    
?r\gh di/ance w be sil5t1 :5 a ma/]1 or 
a  ju/ice1 or a capta9 t is at h& may   
disannul x3 "o (fic] may  be = x1 &     
ano!r aga9/ x2 a ma/] or a pa/or may be 
= x1  & ! magi/rate aga9/ x3 & s p]jury 
w become ! mo/  controv]t$ s91 & a matt]
 ( je/4 #f4 ,because public magi/rates1 

& comm&]s1 & pa/ors1 h n ! ne> & natural
 int]e/ 9  _! inf]iors z p>5ts & husb&s 
h 9 _! *ildr5 &  wives2 & !re=e p>5ts h 
n only a re/ra9+ p[]1 7z  husb&s "h also
 h17 b also a dispos+ p[] ( ! relation  
( _! infant *ildr51 & may ent] !m 9     
baptism into ! v[  & cov5ant (          
*ri/ianity1 ! w & act ( ! p>5ts /&+  = !
 *ild's till he come to age2 b if y say 
t1 ^u a  p>ity ( reason1 all pr9ces1 &  
rul]s1 & pa/ors may d s )  all t are _! 
inf]iors1 x w seem incr$ible to mo/     
*ri/ians4 #g4 ,because public magi/rates
 are ju/ly suppos$ to be s  di/ant f    
almo/ all _! individual subjects1 z n to
 be  capable ( s spe$y a dis[n+ _!      
p]sonal v[s4 ,:atev] ?is  text do?1 x is
 c]ta9 t o!r texts en\gh =bid cov5ants &
  comb9ations aga9/ ! p]sons1 or p[]1 or
 rights ( our  gov]nors1 & n only aga9/ 
!m1 b )\t !m1 9 cases :]e  our place &  
call+ all[e? u n to act )\t !m4 ,b x is 
c]ta9 t ,god1 :o comm&$ all ,israel to  
be ent]$ successively  into ! cov5ant ( 
circumcision ) him1 w\ld n h held !m    

guiltless = refus+ t cov5ant1 if ! pr9ce
 _h be5 aga9/  x4 ,& few div9es ?9k t a 
subject1 or soldi]1 or s]vant1 t  ha?   
v[$ to =be> w9e1 or fea/+1 or m>riage1  
is dis*>g$1  if 8 pr9ce1 or capta91 or  
ma/]s be aga9/ x4 ,jona?an &  ,david 7  
"u an oa? ( fri5d%ip1 7call$ ! ,"l's    
oa?1 #b  ,sam4 xxi4 #g74 ,saul z a p>5t 
c\ld n dis*>ge ,jona?an1 z be+  a man at
 full age4 ,qure :e!r ,saul z a k+ be+  
aga9/ x1 did  null ! oa? to ,david &    
,jona?an8 ,no2 ! ,scripture %[e? !      
contr>y4 #h4 ,because else t b5efit :i* 
,god ext5de? only to a  weak] sort1 w\ld
 ext5d to any1 ! wise/ & mo/ le>n$      
p]sons  ?r\gh ! _w1 ^: v[s to ,god1 ev5 
= ! afflict+ ( _!  own s\ls1 may be     
null$ by ! k+ or o!r sup]iors4 ,_m su*  
reasons are urg$ 9 ?is case4    #c4 ,x  
is unc]ta9 :e!r ?is *apt] ext5d to      
ass]tory or  te/imonial oa?s 7if n c]ta9
 t x do? n73 x speake? b  ( b9d+ _! s\ls
 to ,god1 :i* is to (f] or d some?+ :i* 
by error may prove prejudicial to !m4 ,b
 if a p>5t or husb&  7mu* m a k+ or     

g5]al7 might nullify all ! te/imonial   
oa?s  ( _! inf]iors t are giv5 9        
judgm5t1 or dis*>ge all _!  subjects f !
 guilt ( all ! lies or false oa?s :i* !y
  %all take1 x w\ld make a great *ange 9
 ! morality ( ! _w4    #d4 ,x is n pa/  
all controv]sy h[ f> ?is law is yet 9   
=ce3  see+ ! ,mosaical law z su* is     
abrogat$2 ?is c be n[ no  fur!r 9 =ce   
?an z x is ! law ( nature1 or "s way    
confirm$ or reviv$ by ,*ri/4 ,! equity  
seeme? to be natural4    ,rule ,,xxxi4  
,x is c]ta9 t :oev] ?is p[] ( disannull+
  v[s belonge? to1 & to :omsoev] x may  
be giv51 t x  ext5de? n to dis*>ge u f !
 promise or v[ ( t :i* is  antec$5tly   
our necess>y duty1 by ! law ( ,god4     
,else !y %\ld  disp5se ) ! law ( ,god1  
:5 none b ! lawgiv] c relax or  disp5se 
) 8 laws 7unless x be "o sup]ior to !   
lawgiv]73  !re=e none c disp5se ) ! laws
 ( ,god4 ,b ,i speak ?is b  ( a duty    
necess>y also z a means to our          
salvation1 or ! good (  o!rs1 or !      
hon\r+ ( ,god3 = o!rwise z to "s small] 

?+s1 ! duty may be su* z man _c disp5se 
)1 & yet a  v[ to d t duty may be       
unnecess>y & s9ful3 z if ,i swe> to     
keep all ! law ( ,god1 & nev] to s91 or 
nev] to ?9k a s9ful  ?\ght2 to d ?is is 
good1 b to v[ x is bad1 because ,i may  
=ekn[ t ,i %all break x4    ,rule       
,,xxxii4 ,9 "s cases a v[ may oblige y  
aga9/ t :i*  w\ld h be5 y\r duty if y _h
 n v[$1 & to d t :i*  w\ld else h be5   
y\r s93 viz4 if x be su* a ?+ z is s9 or
  duty b by "s less] accid5t1 :i* !     
accid5t ( a v[ may  prepond]ate or      
prevail aga9/4 ,z if y swe> to give a   
p5ny to a  w&]+ begg>1 or to "o t ne$e? 
x n1 :i* by all  circum/ances w\ld h be5
 an unlawful misemploy+ ( t :i*  %\ld h 
be5 bett] us$2 yet x seeme? to me y\r   
duty to d x  :5 y h mov$ x4 ,to ca/ away
 a cup ( dr9k is a s91 if x be          
causelessly2 b if y v[ to d x1 x is h>d 
to say t a man  %\ld r be p]jur$ ?an ca/
 away a cup ( dr9k1 or a p5ny1  or a p94
 ,! ,jesuits ?9k x lawful to ex]cise !  
ob$i5ce (  _! novices by bidd+ !m       

sometimes ca/ a cup ( w9e into !  s9k1  
or d "s su* action :i* causelessly done 
7 s93 &  %all n a v[ require x m        
/rongly8 ,suppose x w\ld be y\r  duty to
 pray or read at su* or su* an h\r ( !  
day 7z be+  fitte/ to y\r body &        
occasions72 yet if y h 7fooli%ly7 v[$   
aga9/ x1 x seeme? to me to be y\r duty  
to put x (f till  ano!r "t4 ,= p]jury is
 too great a ?+ to be yield$ to on  e   
su* small occasion4 ,dr4 ,s&]son#hj ubi 
supra give? ?is  in/ance3 ,if !re be a  
law t no citiz5 elect$ to x %all refuse 
! (fice ( a prtor2 & he t do? refuse x  
%all be f9$3  ,caius swe>e? t he w n be>
 ! (fice3 8 oa? is unlawful1  7&        
disob$i5ce w\ld h be5 8 s9 if he 7      
free17 yet x  seems he is b\nd to pay 8 
f9e1 & disobey ! precept ( ! law1  r ?an
 break 8 v[4    ,rule ,,xxxiii4 ,!re are
 s great a numb] ( s9s & duties t are   
su* by accid5ts & circum/antial         
alt]ations1 & "s ( ^!  great] & "s less1
 t x is a matt] ( exce$+ great          
difficulty 9 morality to disc]n :5 !y   

are inde$ s9s & duties  & :5 n1 :i* mu/ 
be by disc]n+ ! prepond]ancy (          
accid5ts2 & !re=e x mu/ be exce$+       
difficult to disc]n  :5 a v[ %all weigh 
d[n any ( ^! accid5ts1 & :5 n4    ,rule 
,,xxxiv4 ,! exce$+ difficulty & frequ5cy
 ( su* cases  make? x necess>y to ^? t h
 su* entanglem5ts ( v[s1 to  h a v wise 
& fai?ful c\nsellor to help !m bett] to 
resolve _! p>ticul> cases1 ^u ! k ( e   
circum/ance1 ?an any book or g5]al rules
 c d1 or any t are  n s p]fectly        
acqua9t$ ) ! case4 ,& oh :at great      
ability  is necess>y 9 div9es t are     
employ$ 9 su* works6    ,rule ,,xxxv4   
,?us also ! case mu/ be resolv$ :e!r an 
oa? b9d  t h9d]e? a great] good :i* ,i  
might d if ,i _h n tak5 x4  ,9 "s cases 
x may b9d3 z if ,i swe> to acqua9t none 
) "s  excell5t m$ic9e :i* ,i c\ld n h   
kn[n myself unless ,i _h s  sworn2 or 9 
case t ! break+ ( ! oa? w d m hurt to   
me or o!rs ?an ! good comes to :i* ,i   
omit3#ha or 9 case1 all  ?+s consid]$1 !
 do+ ( t good hic et nunc is n my  duty3

 see ,dr4 ,s&]son ( ! difficulties "h   
also1 p4 #gh1 #gi4    ,rule ,,xxxvi4 ,no
 p]sonal hurt or temporal loss is any   
suffici5t  cause = ! violation ( an     
oa?4#hb ,he t take? a false oa?1  or    
breake? a promissory oa?1 = ! sav+ ( 8  
life1 or a  ?\s& m5's lives1 or = l&s or
 ri*es1 or cr[ns & k+doms1  ha? no      
consid]able excuse = 8 p]fidi\sness &   
p]jury1 all  temporal ?+s be+ su*       
inconsid]able trifles 9 comp>ison ( !  w
 & pleasure ( ,god1 & life ev]la/+3 t   
:i* w n  ju/ify a lie1 w mu* less ju/ify
 p]jury4#hc    ,rule ,,xxxvii4 ,if !    
matt] ( an oa? prove only a temptation  
to  s91 & n s9 itself1 x mu/ be kept3 b 
) ! great]  vigilancy & resolution4 ,z  
if a man h m>ri$ a fr[>d wife t  w be a 
temptation to him all 8 life1 he is n   
disoblig$ f  h]4    ,rule ,,xxxviii4 ,if
 ! matt] ( an oa? be su* z make? me     
directly  ! tempt] ( myself or o!rs1 x  
is a s91 & n to be kept1  unless "s     
great] good prepond]ate t evil4 ,= ?\gh 
x be no  s9 to be tempt$1 yet x is a s9 

to tempt3 ?\gh x be no s9 to  tempt by a
 necess>y trial1 7z a ma/] may lay money
 be=e a  suspect$ s]vant to try :e!r he 
be a ?ief17 nor any s9 to tempt         
accid5tally by ! p]=mance ( a duty 7z a 
holy life do?  accid5tally tempt a      
malignant p]son to hatr$ & p]secution72 
yet  x is a s9 to be directly &         
ne$lessly a tempt] ( ourselves or  o!rs 
unto s92 & !re=e he t v[e? x mu/ n p]=m 
x4  ,z if y _h v[$ to p]suade any to    
un*a/ity1 intemp]ance1  error1          
rebellion1 c4    ,sid5ote3 ,( accid5tal 
evil or temptation v[$4    ,rule        
,,xxxix4 ,if ! matt] ( an oa? be su* z  
accid5tally laye?  s /rong a temptation 
be=e m51 7especially be=e a multitude17 
z  t we may =esee x is exce$+ likely to 
draw !m into s91 :5  !re is no great]   
good to prepond]ate ! evil ( su* a      
temptation1 x is a s9 to d t ?+1 ?\gh 9 
p]=mance ( a  v[4 ,:5 actions are good  
or evil only by accid5t1 !n accid5ts    
mu/ be put 9 ! balance aga9/ ea* o!r1 & 
! weightie/ mu/  prepond]ate4 ,z 9 matt]

 ( temporal commodity or discommodity1 x
  is lawful to d t action :i*           
accid5tally br+e? a small] hurt  to "o  
man1 if x br+ a great] good to _m2 or   
:i* hurte? a  private p]son to ! great  
good ( ! commonweal?2 b x is n  lawful  
to d t :i* cle>ly t5de? 7?\gh b by      
accid5t7 to d  m hurt ?an good3 z to    
sell p[d] & arms1 :5 we =esee x  w be   
us$ aga9/ ! k+ & k+dom2 or to sell      
ratsbane1 :5  y =esee x is l to be us$  
to poison m54 ,mu* m %\ld !  salvation (
 _m or "o be pref]r$ be=e our temporal  
commodity2  & !re=e = a less] good1 we  
may n tempt m5 to evil1 ?\gh  b         
accid5tally3 z he t live? :]e !re is b  
little ne$ (  tav]ns or ale-h\ses1 & !  
common use ( !m is = drunk5ness1  x is  
unlawful = him !re to sell ale or w9e1  
unless he c keep  m5 f be+ drunk ) x 7z 
if !y take x home ) !m1 or be  unruly1  
he _c74 ,= ?us to be a =ekn[+ tempt] &  
occasion1  unnecess>ily1 is to be a     
moral cause4 ,two ?+s w w>rant a man  to
 d t :i* by accid5t tempte? or          

occasione? o!r m5 to s93  "o is a comm& 
( ,god1 :5 x is a duty :i* we d3 ! o!r  
is a  great] good to be atta9$ by !     
action1 :i* _c be atta9$ 9  a less      
dang]\s way4 ,z 9 a c\ntry :]e !re is s 
great a  necessity ( ale-h\ses & tav]ns 
t ! good t is done by !m  is great] ?an 
! hurt is l to be1 ?\gh "s w be drunk2 x
  is lawful to use ^! trades1 ?\gh "s be
 hurt by x4 ,x is lawful  to sell fle%1 
?\gh "s w be glutton\s2 x is lawful to  
use  mod]ate1 dec5t ornam5ts1 ?\gh "s   
va9 m9ds w be tempt$ by  ! sight to lu/2
 z x is lawful to g to sea ?\gh "s be   
dr[n$4 ,to act a com$y1 or play at a    
lawful game1 ) all ^?  cautions1 :i* may
 secure y t ! good ( x is l to be       
great] ?an ! hurt1 is n unlawful3 b to  
set up a common  play-h\se1 or          
gam+-h\se1 :]e we may =esee t ! mis*ief 
w be f> great] ?an ! good1 7?\gh ! acts 
7 lawful 9  !mselves17 ?is is b to play 
! devil's "p1 9 lay+ sn>es  = s\ls3 m5  
are n ?us to be tic$ to hell & damn$ 9  
sport1  ?\gh b accid5tally1 & ?\gh y v[$

 ! act4    ,sid5ote3 ,( sc&al4    ,rule 
,,xl4 ,?us also mu/ ! case ( sc&al be   
resolv$3#hd z  sc&al signifie? an action
 t occasione? ano!r to s91 or a         
/umbl+block at :i* we =esee he is l to  
fall to ! hurt (  8 s\l1 7:i* is ! s5se 
t ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les usually  take x 917 
s x is ! same case ) ?is la/ h&l$1 &    
ne$s  no o!r resolution3 b z sc&al      
signifie? 79 ! late abusive  s5se7 ! m]e
 displeas+ ( ano!r1 or occasion+ him to 
c5sure  y = a s9n]1 s y mu/ n break a v[
 to escape ! c5sure or  displeasure (   
all ! _w4 ,o!rwise pride w\ld be /ill   
produc+ p]jury1 & s two ( ! greate/ s9s 
w\ld be  ma9ta9$4    ,rule ,,xli4 ,?\gh 
9 ! "q ab\t ! obligation ( an oa?  t is 
tak5 ignorantly1 or by deceit1 !re be   
great difficulties1  yet ?is mu* seeme? 
cle>3 #a4 ,t he t is culpably ignorant  
is  m oblig$ by 8 v[ or contract :ile he
 use? all ! outw>d  =m1 ?an he t is     
inculpably ignorant4 #b4 ,t ?\gh !      
deceit  7z ! =ce7 ( him t ,i swe> to1 d 
=feit 8 "r to :at ,i  promise him1 yet  

my oa? or v[ oblige? me to d or to give 
!  ?+1 hav+ int]e/$ ,god himself 9 !    
cause4 #c4 ,t all su*  errors ( !       
ess5tials ( an oa? or v[ z nullify x1 7(
 :i* ,i  spake be=e17 or make ! matt]   
s9ful1 d inf] a nullity 9 !  obligation 
7or t x mu/ n be kept74 ,b no small]    
error 7?\gh  caus$ by deceit7 do?       
disoblige4    ,! commone/ d\bt is1 ,:e!r
 an error ab\t ! v p]son t ,i  swe> to1 
& ?is caus$ by 8 own deceit1 d disoblige
 me8 ,all  grant t ,i am oblig$ not)/&+ 
any circum/antial error 7z  if ,i ?9k a 
woman ri* :om ,i m>ry1 & %e prove poor2 
or wise &  godly1 & %e prove fooli% or  
ungodly3 yea1 if ! error be ab\t  any   
integral "p2 z if ,i ?9k %e _h two eyes 
or legs1 & %e  h b "o73 & all grant t an
 error ab\t an ess5tial "p1  t is1 :i*  
is ess5tial to ! relation or ?+ v[$1 7if
  inculpable at lea/17 disoblige?3 z if 
,i took a man 9 m>riage  ?9k+ he _h be5 
a woman2 or if ,i took a p]son = a      
pa/or1 a  physician1 a c\nsellor1 a     
pilot1 t ha? no tol]able ability or     

skill 9 ! ess5tials ( any ( ^?          
pr(essions4 ,b :e!r ,i am  b\nd if ,i   
swe> to ,?omas ?9k+ x 0 ,john1 or if ,i 
m>ry ,leah  ?9k+ %e is ,ra*el1 is !     
great d\bt4 ,& mo/ casui/s say ,i am  n3
 & !re=e ,i d>e n be bold to contradict 
!m4#he ,b ,i  mu* suspect t !y fet*$ _! 
decision f ! lawy]s2 :o  truly say1 t 9 
=o civili x inf]re? no obligation3 b    
:e!r x d n oblige me e?ically1 & 9 =o   
consci5ti et  cli1 ,i mu* d\bt1#hf #a4  
,because x seeme? ! v case (  ,jo%ua & !
 ,israelites1 :o by ! guile ( !         
,gibeonites 7  deceiv$ into an error    
p]son>um1 tak+ !m to be o!r p]sons  ?an 
!y 73 & yet t ?is oa? 0 obligatory1 sai?
 ,dr4  ,s&]son1 is app>5t1 7#a47 ,9 !   
text itself1 ,jo%4 ix4 #ai4 7#b47 ,9  ! 
miracle wr\ght = t victory :i* ,jo%ua   
obta9$ 9  def5d+ ! ,gibeonites :5 ! sun 
/ood /ill1 ,jo%4 x4 #h1 #ac4  7#c47 ,9 !
 sev]e rev5ge t 0 tak5 on ! lives (     
,saul's  po/]ity = (f]+ to violate x1 #b
 ,sam4 xxi4 #b4 #b4 ,& ?is  seeme? to be
 ! v case ( ,jacob1 :o took n himself   

disoblig$  f ,leah not)/&+ ! mi/ake ( ! 
p]son ?r\gh deceit4  ,& ?\gh !          
concubitus 0 add$ to ! contract1 t      
oblig$  mo/ z x 0 ! p]fect+ ( !         
contract1 :i* an oa? do? z  /rongly4 #c4
 ,& ! nature ( ! ?+ do? confirm my d\bt2
  because :5 ,i see ! p]son be=e me !re 
is ! individuum  det]m9atum1 9 ! hc     
homo1 & s all t is ess5tial to my  v[ is
 includ$ 9 x3 if ,i mi/ake ! "n1 or !   
quality1 or  bir?1 or relations ( !     
p]son1 yet my cov5ant is ) ?is          
det]m9ate p]son t is pres5t1 ?\gh ,i be 
induc$ to x by a  false supposition t %e
 is ano!r4 ,b ?is ,i leave to !         
discussion ( ! judici\s4    ,rule       
,,xlii4 ,! "q also is weighty & (       
frequ5t use1 if a  man v[ a ?+ z a duty 
9 ob$i5ce to ,god & consci5ce1 :i* he   
w\ld n h done if he _h tak5 x to be no  
duty1 & if he  aft]w>ds f9d t x 0 no    
duty1 is he oblig$ to keep ?is v[8  ,& !
 true answ] is1 t ! discov]y ( 8 error  
do? only  discov] ! nullity ( 8         
obligation to make t v[1 & to d !  ?+   

antec$5tly to ! v[2 b if ! ?+ be lawful1
 he is b\nd  to x by 8 v[ not)/&+ !     
mi/ake :i* induc$ him to make  x4       
,rule ,,xliii4 ,v[s ab\t trifles 7n     
unlawful7 mu/ be kept ?\gh  !y are      
s9fully made4#hg ,z if y v[ to take up a
 /raw1 or to  =be> su* a bit or sort (  
meat1 or g>m5t1 c4 ,b to make su*  is a 
great pr(anation ( ,god's "n1 & a tak+ x
 9 va9 z  common swe>]s d4    ,rule     
,,xliv4 ,a g5]al oa?1 ?\gh tak5 ^u a    
p>ticul> occasion1  mu/ be g5]ally or   
/rictly int]pret$ 7unless !re be special
  reasons = a re/ra9t1 f ! matt]1 end1  
or o!r evid5ce74 ,z  if y are afraid t  
y\r son %\ld m>ry su* a woman1 &  !re=e 
swe> him n to m>ry )\t y\r cons5t2 he is
 b\nd  !reby nei!r to m>ry t woman nor  
any o!r4 ,or if y\r s]vant  haunt "o    
p>ticul> ale-h\se1 & y make him =swe>   
all h\ses  9 g5]al1 he mu/ avoid all    
o!r4 ,s ,dr4 ,s&]son in/ance? 9  ! oa? (
 supremacy1 p4 #aie4    ,rule ,,xlv4 ,he
 t v[e? absolutely or implicitly to obey
 ano!r 9  all ?+s1 is b\nd to obey him 9

 all lawful ?+s1 :]e nei!r  ,god1 nor   
o!r sup]ior or o!r p]son is injur$2     
unless ! nature  ( ! relation1 or ! ends
 or reasons ( ! oa?1 or some?+  else1   
inf] a limitation z impli$4    ,rule    
,,xlvi4 ,/ill di/+ui% betwe5 ! falsehood
 9 ! words z  disagree+ to ! ?+ sworn1 &
 ! falsehood ( !m z  disagree+ f !      
swe>]'s m9d4 ,! =m] is sometimes        
excusable1 b ! latt] nev]4    ,!re are  
_m o!r que/ions ab\t oa?s t belong m to 
!  *apt] ( contracts & ju/ice betwe5 man
 & man2 & ?i!r ,i  ref] !m4    #dg      
,viris gravibus vehem5t] displic]e      
animadv]ti1 quod ab indis  te/imonium   
jure-jur&o exigitur1 cum con/et eos     
facillime pej]>e1  utpote qui neque     
juram5ti vim s5tiant neque v]itatis     
/udio  tangantur1 s$ te/imonium eo modo 
dicant1 quo cr$unt4 ,judici  gratissimum
 =e1 aut a primo su factionis hom9e     
edocti sunt4 ,hos  igitur jur>e         
compell]e et ipsis exitiosum propt]     
p]juria1 c4  ,aco/a1 p4 #cde4    #dh    
,vid4 ,s&]son de ,juram4 ,prlect4 vii4  

,sect4 #ad4 ,juram5tum  oblatum         
reluctante vel dubitante consci5tia non 
e/ suscipi5dum3 #a4  ,quia quod non e/  
ex fide peccatum e/4 #b4 ,quia jur&um e/
 9  judicio3 quod c]te is non facit qui 
contra consci5ti su judicium  facit1 c4 
ad f9em4    #di ,see ! f\rte5? ,article 
( ! *ur* ( ,engl&1 aga9/  volunt>y      
works1 ov] & above ,god's comm&m5ts1 z  
impi\s4    #ej ,/oici indiff]5tia       
di/+uunt3 #a4 ,ea qu neque ad           
flicitatem neque ad inflicitatem        
conf]unt1 ut sunt diviti1  sanitas1     
vires1 gloria1 c4 ,nam et s9e 8 cont+it 
flicem esse2  cum e>um usus vel rectus  
flicitatis1 vel pravus inflicitatis1    
au?or sit4 #b4 ,qu neque appetitum neque
 occasionem mov5t1 ut p>es  vel imp>es  
hab]e capillos1 c4 ,la]t4 9 ,z5one4     
#ea ,plut>*4 ,que/4 ,roman4 #dd4 ,:y may
 n prie/s swe>8 ,resp4 ,is  x because an
 oa? put to free-born m51 is z x 7 !    
rack &  torture (f]$ !m8 ,= c]ta9 x is t
 ! s\l z well z !  body ( ! prie/1 ought
 to cont9ue free1 & n to be =c$ by  any 

torture4 ,or t we mu/ n di/ru/ !m 9     
small matt]s1 :o  are to be believ$ 9   
great & div9e ?+s8 ,or because ! p]il ( 
p]jury w\ld rea* 9 common to ! :ole     
commonweal?1 if a wick$1  & ungodly1 &  
=sworn p]son %\ld h ! *>ge &            
sup]9t5d5cy ( ! pray]s1 v[s1 &          
sacrifices made 9 behalf (  ! city8     
,page #hff4    #eb ,see be=e1 *ap4 iii4 
gr4 direct4 #aj4    #ec ,see "p i4 *ap4 
ix4 tit4 #b1 #c4    #ed ,see ,casaubon's
 ,ex]cit4 #bjb4    #ee ,cotta 9 ,cic4 de
 ,nat4 ,deor4 l4 #a4 to prove t "s hold 
!re  is no ,god1 sai?1 ,quid de         
sacrilegis1 de impiis1 de p]juris       
dicemus1  si c>bo1 c4 putasset esse     
,deos1 tam p]jurus aut impius non       
fuisset1  p4 #be1 #bf4    #ef ,"o (     
,canutus's laws 7#bf47 01 t p]jur$      
p]sons1 )  sorc]]s1 idolat]s1 /rumpets1 
break]s ( w$lock1 be bani%$ !  realm3   
cit$ by ,bilson ( ,subject4 p4 #bjb4 ,h[
 few w\ld be left 9  "s l&s if ?is 7    
done6    #eg ,plut4 9 ,lys&4 ,cic]4 de  
,leg4 lib4 iii4 ,curt4 lib4 vii4 ,ari/4 

,rhet4 c4 #ag4    #eh lian4 ,v>i4 ,hi/4 
lib4 xiv4    #ei ,?\gh z ,mod]4 ,polic4 
sai?1 ,pr9c4 #g1 ,x is a huge advantage 
t man ha? 9 a cr$ul\s _w1 t c easily say
 & swe> to  any ?+3 & yet s palliate 8  
p]juries z to hide !m f !  cognizance ( 
! mo/4 ,gabionit>um irritum fdus1       
calliditate  licet extortum1 nonnullis  
intulisse exitium1 c4 ,gildas 9 ,prolog4
    #fj ,haud am5tum ju/iti e/ fides1 i4
 e4 dictorum conv5torumque  con/antia et
 v]itas4 ,cic]o4    #fa ,lege           
di/9ctionem ,grotii int]  et 1  ,annot4 
9 ,matt4 v4 #cc4 ,mod]n ,policy1        
7suppos$ ,dr4 ,s&cr(t's17  ,pr9c4 #g4   
#a4 ,we are ready to int]pret ! words   
too k9dly1  especially if !y be         
ambigu\s2 & x is h>d to f9d t]ms s      
positive1 b !y may be elud$ inde$1 or   
seem to u to be s1 if we  be dispos$4   
#b4 ,"s are invit$ to illicit promises1 
qua illicite1  because !y "k !m to be   
invalid4 #c4 ,"s are fright$ into ^!    
bonds by ?reats & losses1 & temporal    
conc]nm5ts1 & !n !y  please !mselves t  

!y swe> by duress1 & s are dis5gag$4 #d4
  ,"s are oa?-pro(1 c4    #fb ,x is "o (
 ,solon's say+s 9 ,la]tius1 p4 #ea1     
,probit>em  jure-jur&o c]tiorem habe4   
,:at w n an a!i/ical impi\s  p]son say  
or swe>1 = advantage8    #fc ,nunc nunc 
qui fd]a rumpit1 ,ditatur3 ,qui s]vat   
eget4  ,claudian4    #fd ,see ,dr4      
,s&]s4 p4 #dg1 & #aig4    #fe ,cic]o de 
,leg4 lib4 #a4 prove? t "r is f\nd$ 9 ! 
law  ( nature1 m ?an 9 man's laws2 else1
 sai? he1 m5 may make evil  good1 & good
 evil1 & make adult]y1 p]jury1 c4 j by  
mak+ a  law = !m4    #ff ,h[ (t5 p]jury 
ha? ru9$ *ri/ian pr9ces & /ates all     
hi/ory do? te/ify4 ,! ru9 ( ! ,roman    
empire by ! ,go?s1 0  by ?is means4     
,al>icus hav+ leave to live quietly 9   
,france1  ,/ilico comes 9 p]niciem      
,reipub4 ,go?os p]t5tans1 dum eos       
insidiis  aggr$i cup]et1 belli summam   
,saulo pagano duci commisit3 qui ipso   
sacratissimo die ,pas*1 ,go?is nil tale 
suspicantibus1 sup] eos  irruit1        
magnamque eorum p>tem pro/ravit4 ,nam   

primum p]turbati  ,go?i1 ac propt]      
religionem c$5tes1 demum arma           
corripiunt1  victoremque virtute potiori
 pro/]nunt ex]citum3 h9c 9 rabiem       
furoris excitantur4 ,cptum it] def]5tes1
 ,romam cont5dunt  pet]e1 cuncta igne   
f]roque va/antes3 nec mora2 v5i5tes     
urbem  capiunt1 deva/ant1 inc5dunt1 c4  
,paul4 ,diaconus1 lib4 #c4    #fg ,s&]s4
 p4 #cj1 #ca4    #fh ,s&]s4 p4 #cb-da4  
#fi ,s&]s4 p4 #da-dd4 ,ubi de ju/o s5su 
ambigitur1 longe satius e/  et natur rei
 accommodatius1 /rictiore quam b5igniore
 uti  int]pretatione4 ibid4 p4 #dd4     
#gj ,s&]s4 p4 #de4    #ga ,!y 7 ill     
times t ,abbas ,usp]g5sis describe?     
,*ron4 p4  #cbj4 ,ut omnis homo jam sit 
p]jurus1 et prdictis fac9oribus         
implicatus1 ut vix excus>i possit1 qu9  
sit 9 81 sicut populus1  sic et sac]dos3
 ,oh t ?is calamity _h end$ ) t age6    
,et4 p4  #cba4 ,pr9cipes t]r>um et      
b>ones1 arte diabolica edocti1 nec      
curabant juram5ta infr+]e1 nec fidem    
viol>e1 et jus omne  confund]e4    #gb  

,s&4 p4 #aic4 ,cas4 #dh4    #gc ,s&]s4  
p4 #abb-acc4    #gd ,s&]s4 p4 #ej4      
#ge ,s&]s4 p4 #ee1 #ef4 ,9 quo casu     
locum habet quod vulgo dicitur1  ,fi]i  
non debet1 factum valet3 possumus ergo  
di/+u]e1 juram5tum  dici illicitum      
duobus modis4 ,vel respectu rei jurat1  
vel respectu  actus jur&i3 ,juram5tum   
illicitum respectu rei jurat nullat5us  
obligat3 ,juram5tum illicitum respectu  
actus jur&i obligat1 nisi  aliunde      
imp$iatur4    #gf ,s&]son1 p4 #gb1 #gc4 
,dico ord9>ie quia =tassis possunt d>i  
casus 9 quibus juram5tum quod videtur   
alicui legi communitatis aut  vocationis
 adv]s>i1 etsi non debu]it suscipi1     
susceptum tam5  pote/ oblig>e3 ut e4 g4 
9 lege pnali disjunctiva4 ,see !        
in/ances :i* he adde?4 ,joseph took an  
oa? ( ! ,israelites1 to  c>ry 8 bones   
out ( ,egypt1 ,g54 l4 #be4 ,:at if      
,ph>aoh =bid !m8  ,are !y acquit8 ,!    
spies swore to ,rahab1 ,jo%4 ii4 #ab1   
#ah4 ,_h !y  be5 quit if ! rul]s _h     
acquit !m8    #gg ,read ( ?is at l>ge1  

,amesii ,cas4 ,cons4 l4 v4 c4 #e4 qu4   
#d4    #gh ,& si infr+5do infreg]it ea  
vir ejus1 v4 #ab4 ,vir ejus  infregit   
ea1 v4 #ac4    #gi ,dr4 ,s&]son1        
,prlect4 #d4 sect4 #e4 p4 #ajd1 #aje1   
limite? x to  ,de 8 rebus 9 quibus      
sube/3 9 ^? same ?+s 9 :i* "o is  "u    
ano!r's gov]nm5t2 add+1 sect4 #f1 a     
d\ble exception3 ,(  :i* "o respecte? ! 
p]son ( ! swe>]1 ! o!r ! cons5t  ( !    
sup]ior3 ! fir/ is t ,z to ! p]son ( !  
swe>]1  !re is sc>ce any "o t ha? ! use 
( reason t is s fully  "u ano!r's p[]1 b
 t 9 "s ?+s he is sui juris1 at  8 own  
p[]3 & !re e "o may d z pleases himself1
 )\t  consult+ 8 sup]ior1 s z t by 8 own
 act1 )\t 8  sup]ior's lic5se1 he may   
b9d himself4 #b4 ,z to ! cons5t ( a     
sup]ior1 ,a tacit cons5t1 antec$5t or   
consequ5t1 suffice?4 ,quasi  dic]et1 si 
diss5sum suum vel uno die dissimulet1   
votum 9 p]petuum  /abilivit4    #hj     
,s&]son1 p4 #gc4    #ha ,s&]s4 ,prl4    
iii4 sect4 #ab4    #hb ,psal4 xv4 #d4   
#hc ,s&]s4 p4 #hj1 #ha4    #hd ,s&]s4 p4

 #hb4    #he ,ibid4 p4 #abb4    #hf     
,s&]s4 p4 #abj1 #aba4 ,?is seeme? ! case
 ( ,isaac 9 bless+  ,jacob3 ! error     
p]son caus$ by ,jacob's own deceit did n
  nullify ! bless+1 because x 0 fix$ on 
! det]m9ate p]son  t x 0 spok5 to4      
#hg ,s&]s4 p4 #hd4          ,,*apt]     
,,vi4    ,,directions ,,to ,,! ,,p      
,,conc]n+ ,,_! ,,int]nal ,,& ,,private  
,,duty ,,to  ,,_! ,,pa/ors1 ,,& ,,!     
,,improvem5t ,,( ,,_! ,,m9i/]ial ,,(fice
 ,,&  ,,gifts4      ,! p's int]nal &    
private duty to _! pa/ors 7:i* ,i may   
treat ( )\t an appe>ance ( encroa*m5t ^u
 ! "w ( !  canons1 rubrics1 & diocesans7
 ,i %all op5 to y 9 ^!  directions      
foll[+4    ,direct4 ,i4 ,und]/& fir/ !  
true gr\nd1 & nature1 & reasons  ( !    
m9i/]ial (fice1 or else y w n und]/& !  
gr\nds1 & nature1 & reasons ( y\r duty  
to !m4 ,! nature &  works ( ! m9i/]ial  
(fice ,i h s pla9ly op5$ already t  ,i  
%all ref] y to x to avoid repetition4#hh
 ,"h are two sorts (  reasons to be giv5
 y3 #a4 ,! reasons ( ! necessity ( !    

m9i/]ial "w4 #b4 ,:y c]ta9 p]sons mu/ be
 sep>at$ to ?is  "w1 & x mu/ n be left  
to all 9 common4    ,! necessity ( ! "w 
itself appe>e? 9 ! v nature ( x1  &     
enum]ation ( ! p>ts ( x4#hi ,two sorts (
 m9i/]s ,*ri/  ha? made use ( = 8 *ur*3 
! fir/ sort 0 = ! revelation  ( "s new  
law or doctr9e1 to be ! *ur*'s rule (   
fai? or life2  & ^! 7 to prove _!       
au?ority & cr$ibility by "s div9e       
atte/ation1 :i* 0 especially by         
miracles2 & s ,moses reveal$  ! law to !
 ,jews1 & 7,*ri/ &7 ! apo/les reveal$ ! 
gospel4 ,! second sort ( m9i/]s are     
appo9t$ to guide ! *ur*  to salvation by
 op5+ & apply+ ! rule ?us already seal$ 
&  deliv]$3 & ^!1 z !y are to br+ no new
 revelations or  doctr9es ( fai?1 or    
rule ( life1 s !y ne$ n br+ any  miracle
 to prove _! call or au?ority to ! *ur*2
 = !y h  no p[] to deliv] any new       
doctr9e or gospel to ! *ur*1 b only  t  
:i* is confirm$ by miracles already4 ,& 
x is impud5ce to  dem& t ! same gospel  
be prov$ by new miracles by e  m9i/] t  

%all exp\nd or prea* x3 t w\ld make     
miracles to  be no miracles4            
,sid5ote3 ,! "w ( ! m9i/ry4    ,! "w ( !
 ord9>y m9i/ry 7su* z ! prie/s & tea*]s 
7 "u ! law1 & ord9>y pa/ors & tea*]s are
 "u !  gospel7 be+ only to ga!r & gov]n 
! *ur*es1 _! "w lay  9 expla9+ & apply+ 
! ^w ( ,god1 & deliv]+ 8  sacram5ts1 &  
n[ conta9e? ^! p>ticul>s foll[+3 #a4 ,to
  prea* ! gospel = ! conv]sion ( !      
unbeliev+ & ungodly  _w4 ,& t is done1  
p>tly by exp\nd+ ! words by a           
translation into a tongue :i* ! he>]s or
 read]s und]/&2 &  p>tly by op5+ ! s5se 
& matt]4#ij #b4 ,9 ?is !y are n  only   
tea*]s1 b mess5g]s s5t f ,god ! ,fa!r1  
,son1 & ,holy  ,gho/1 to *>ge1 & comm&1 
& entreat m5 9 8 "n to rep5t  & believe1
 & be reconcil$ to ,god2 & 9 8 "n to (f]
 !m a  seal$ p>don ( all _! s9s1 & title
 to et]nal life4#ia #c4  ,^? t become ! 
disciples ( ,*ri/1 !y are 7z 8 /ew>ds7  
to receive into 8 h\se1 z fell[-citiz5s 
( ! sa9ts1 & (  ! h\sehold ( ,god2 & z 8
 commission$ (fic]s1 to solemnize  by   

baptism _! entrance into ! holy cov5ant1
 & to receive _!  engagem5t to ,god1 &  
to be ! mess5g]s ( ,god's engagem5t unto
  !m1 & by inve/iture to deliv] !m by t 
sacram5t ! p>don  ( all _! s91 & _!     
title by adoption to et]nal life2 z a   
h\se is deliv]$ by ! deliv]y ( a key2 or
 l&1 by a twig &  turf2 or knigh?ood1 by
 a sword or g>t]1 c4 #d4 ,^! m9i/]s are 
to ga!r ^! conv]ts into solemn          
assemblies & ord]$ *ur*es1  = _! solemn 
wor%ipp+ ( ,god1 & mutual edification1  
communion1 & safe proce$+ 9 _! *ri/ian  
c\rse4#ib #e4 ,!y  are to be ! /at$     
tea*]s ( ! assemblies1 by exp\nd+ &     
apply+ t ^w :i* is fit to build !m up4  
#f4 ,!y are to be  ! guides ( !         
congregation 9 public wor%ip1 & to /&   
betwe5  !m & ,*ri/ 9 ?+s p]ta9+ to ,god1
 z subs]vi5t to ,*ri/  9 8 prie/ly      
(fice2 & s bo? = ! p1 & also 9 _!       
names1 to put up ! public pray]s &      
praises ( ! *ur* to ,god4  #g4 ,x is _! 
duty to adm9i/] to !m1 z 9 ! "n & /ead (
  ,*ri/1 8 body & blood z brok5 & %$ =  

!m1 & s 9 !  frequ5t r5ewals ( ! holy   
cov5ants1 to subs]ve ,*ri/  especially 9
 8 prie/ly (fice1 to (f] & deliv] ,*ri/ 
& 8  b5efits to !m1 & to be _! ag5t 9   
(f]+ !mselves to ,god4  #h4 ,!y are     
appo9t$ to ov]see & gov]n ! *ur*1 9 !   
public  ord]+ ( ! solemn wor%ip ( ,god1 
& 9 rebuk+ any t are  !re disord]ly1 &  
see+ t all ?+s be done to               
edification4#ic #i4 ,!y are appo9t$ z   
tea*]s = e  p>ticul> memb] ( ! *ur* to h
 private & p]sonal rec\rse  to1 7z f> z 
may be17 = ! resolv+ ( _! weighty d\bts1
 &  in/ruction 9 cases ( difficulty &   
necessity1 & = ! settl+  ( _! peace &   
com=t4 #aj4 ,!y are appo9t$ z physicians
 "u  ,*ri/1 to wat* ov] all ! individual
 memb]s ( _! *>ge1 &  take c>e t !y be n
 infect$ ) h]esy1 or corrupt$ by vice2  
& to admoni% ! (f5d]s1 & r$uce !m into !
 way ( tru?  & hol9ess1 & if !y cont9ue 
imp5it5t aft] public admonition1  to    
reject !m f ! communion ( ! *ur*1 &     
comm& !  *ur* to avoid !m4 #aa4 ,!y are 
z to b9d ov] ! imp5it5t to  answ] _!    

contumacy at ! b> ( ,*ri/1 s to absolve 
!  p5it5t1 & com=t !m1 & require ! *ur* 
to re-admit !m to  _! communion4 #ab4   
,!y are appo9t$ z /ew>ds 9 ! h\sehold  (
 ,*ri/1 to h a t5d] c>e ( ! v bodily    
welf>e ( _!  flocks1 s z to endeav\r !  
supply+ ( _! wants1 & /irr+  up ! ri* to
 relieve ! poor1 & fai?fully 7by        
!mselves or !  deacons7 to di/ribute :at
 is intru/$ ) !m = t use4 #ac4  ,!y are 
especially to visit ! sick1 & :5 !y are 
s5t =1 to  pray = !m & ) !m1 & to       
in/ruct !m 9 _! special  prep>ations =  
dea?1 & confirm !m aga9/ ^? la/         
assaults4  #ad4 ,!y are appo9t$ to be ! 
public *ampions ( ! tru?1 to  def5d x   
aga9/ all h]etical & pr(ane oppos]s1 &  
!reby to  pres]ve ! flock f be+ s$uc$4  
#ae4 ,!y are appo9t$ to be  7"u ,*ri/ ! 
,head7 ! n]ves & ligam5ts ( ! sev]al    
*ur*es1 by :i* !y are kept n only 9     
vig\r by communication  ( nutrim5t1 b   
also 9 concord1 & su* communion z !y are
  capable (1 by ! correspond5cies1 &    
consultations1 & c\ncils  ( _!          

pa/ors4#id ,all ^! are ! di/9ct &       
special uses to  :i* ,*ri/ ha? appo9t$ !
 (fice ( ! sacr$ m9i/ry2 :i*  hav+ b    
nam$ to y1 ,i ne$ to say no m to %[ y ! 
excell5cy1 & necessity1 & b5efits ( x4  
,h]e9 also ! reasons are app>5t1 :y     
,*ri/ did in/itute ?is  sacr$ (fice4 #a4
 ,because x 0 meet 8 k+dom %\ld h       
(fic]s1 suit$ to 8 "w 9 ! adm9i/ration (
 x4 #b4 ,x 0  meet t !y be m5 l         
ourselves1 t we c famili>ly conv]se  )4 
#c4 ,! great necessity ( 8 *ur* requir$ 
x1 :]e ! mo/  are weak1 & insuffici5t to
 p]=m all ^! (fices =  !mselves2 & _c   
well subsi/ )\t ! support ( o!rs4 ,x  0 
meet !re=e t ! pa/ors 7 select$ p]sons1 
wis]1 &  holi]1 & /rong] ?an ! p1 & fit 
= s great &  necess>y a "w4 #d4 ,x 0    
requisite also to ! ord] ( ! *ur*2  = if
 x 7 l an army )\t (fic]s1 !re w\ld be  
no?+  b confusion1 & nei!r ord] nor     
edification4    ,by ?is y may also see !
 nature & reasons ( y\r ob$i5ce to  y\r 
pa/ors3 z !y are n appo9t$ to gov]n y by
 =ce1#ie  b will+ly1 n = fil?y lucre1 b 

( a ready m9d1 n z  be+ lords ov] ,god's
 h]itage1 b z ensamples to ! flock1 #a  
,pet4 v4 #a-c1 s y mu/ will+ly &        
*e]fully obey !m 9 _!  "w4 ,z _!        
gov]nm5t#if is n by any bodily p5alties 
or  mulcts1 7= t is ! magi/rate's "w & n
 !irs17 b a  gov]nm5t by ! =ce ( tru? & 
love2 s y\r ob$i5ce ( !m  consi/e? 9 !  
lov+ & ?ankful reception ( ! tru? :i*   
!y tea* y1 & ! m]cies :i* !y (f] y f    
,*ri/4    ,y see !n t ! reasons ( y\r   
ob$i5ce are manifold4 #a4 ,"s  ( !m f   
,god3 he ha? s5t 8 mess5g]s to y1 & set 
8  (fic]s ov] y2 & ,*ri/ ha? told y t he
 t he>e? !m  he>e? him1 & he t despise? 
!m despise? him1 & him t  s5t him1 ,luke
 x4 #af3 he comm&e? y to he> & obey !m z
 8  (fic]s4 #b4 ,f !mselves3 !y h       
au?ority by _! commission1  & !y h      
ability 9 _! qualifications1 :i* require
 y\r  ob$i5ce & improvem5t4 #c4 ,f      
y\rselves4 ,h y reason to obey  y\r     
natural p>5ts on :om y\r livelihood 9 ! 
_w dep5de?8  ,h y reason to obey him t  
t5d]e? y a p>don f ! k+  :5 y are       

condemn$8 or t (f]e? y gold or ri*es 9  
y\r  want8 or t invite? y to a fea/ 9 a 
"t ( fam9e8 or t  (f]e? to def5d & save 
y f y\r enemies8 ,mu* m h y  reason to  
obey ,*ri/'s m9i/]s :5 !y call y to     
rep5tance1  & (f] y p>don ( s91 & peace1
 & salvation1 & et]nal  life4 ,did y ev]
 he> a man s mad or *urli%1 z to say to 
"o  t (f]$ him ri*es1 or lib]ty1 or     
life1 ,i am n b\nd to obey  y2 (f] !m to
 ^? t y h au?ority ov]8 ,:5 ! (fice  ( !
 m9i/ry is z well subs]vi5t to ,*ri/ z a
 ,savi\r &  ,b5efactor1 z to ,*ri/ z y\r
 ,tea*] & y\r ,k+1 ! v  nature ( _! "w  
engage? y to obey !m z y love y\rselves4
  ,if y 7 9 hell1 & ,*ri/ %\ld s5d = y  
out1 y w\ld n  refuse to g1 till !      
mess5g] _h prov$ 8 au?ority4 ,& :5  y   
are ! heirs ( hell1 condemn$ by ! law1 &
 go+ ?i!r1  w y refuse to turn back1 &  
yield to ! (f]s & comm&s (  grace1 till 
y h skill en\gh to read ! m9i/]'s       
commission8    ,by ?is also y see1 t !  
p[] ( y\r pa/ors is n absolute1  nor    
co]cive & lordly1 b m9i/]ial4#ig ,& ?\gh

 ! papi/s  make a scorn ( ! ^w m9i/]1 x 
is b 9 t pride1 &  passion1 & malice :i*
 make? !m speak aga9/ _! k3  = _! pope  
himself calle? himself ! s]vant ( ,god's
 s]vants2  & ,paul sai?1 #a ,cor4 iv4   
#a1 ,let a man s acc\nt ( u z ( !       
m9i/]s ( ,*ri/1 & /ew>ds ( ! my/]ies (  
,god4 #a ,cor4  iii4 #e1 ,:o !n is      
,paul1 & :o is ,apollos1 b m9i/]s by :om
  ye believ$8 #b ,cor4 iii4 #f1 ,:o made
 u able m9i/]s ( ! new  te/am5t4 #b     
,cor4 vi4 #d1 ,9 all ?+s approv+        
ourselves z !  m9i/]s ( ,god4 ,ev5      
magi/rates1 yea1 & angels1 are n too    
good  to be call$ 7& us$ z7 ! m9i/]s (  
,god = ! good ( 8  s]vants1 ,rom4 xiii4 
#c1 #f2 & to m9i/] = !m :o %all be      
heirs ( salvation1 ,heb4 i4 #g1 #ad4    
,yea1 ,*ri/ himself is s call$1  ,rom4  
xv4 #h4 ,& !re=e y h no m excuse = y\r  
disob$i5ce1 ?an = refus+ 8 help t w\ld  
pull y out (  fire or wat] :5 y are     
p]i%+4 ,y see "h t y\r pa/ors  _c comm& 
y :at !y li/1 nor h[ !y li/4 ,!y h  no?+
 to d ) ! magi/rate's "w2 nor c !y usurp

 ! p[]  ( a ma/] ov] 8 s]vants1 nor     
comm& y h[ to d y\r "w &  worldly       
bus9ess 7except 9 ! morality ( x74 ,9 ! 
fifte5  p>ticul>s be=e m5tion$ _! "w &  
(fice do? consi/1 &  9 ^? x is t y owe  
!m a rational ob$i5ce4    ,direct4 ,,ii4
 ,"k y\r own pa/ors 9 p>ticul>3 & "k bo?
 :at  y owe to a m9i/] z a m9i/] ( ,*ri/
 9 common1 & :at y  owe him moreov] z   
y\r pa/or by special relation & *>ge4#ih
  ,:5 any m9i/] ( ,*ri/ deliv]e? 8 ^w to
 y1 he mu/ be  he>d z a m9i/] ( ,*ri/1 &
 n z a private man2 b to y\r  own pa/or 
y are b\nd 9 a p>ticul> relation1 to an 
ord9>y &  regul> att5dance ^u 8 m9i/ry 9
 all ! p>ticul>s be=e  m5tion$ t conc]n 
y4 ,y\r own bi%op mu/ 9 a special mann] 
be obey$3    #a4 ,z "o t lab\re? among  
y1 & is ov] y 9 ! ,"l1 &  admoni%e? y1 &
 prea*e? to y ! ^w ( ,god1#ii wat*+  =  
y\r s\ls z "o t mu/ give acc\nt1 #a     
,!ss4 v4 #ab2 ,heb4  xiii4 #g1 #ag2 & z 
"o t rule? well1 & especially t  lab\re?
 9 ! ^w & doctr9e1 #a ,tim4 v4 #ag2     
tea*+ y  publicly & f h\se to h\se1 tak+

 he$ to himself1 & to all  ! flock ov]  
:i* ! ,holy ,gho/ ha? made him an       
ov]se]1 n  ceas+ to w>n e "o night & day
 ) te>s1 ,acts xx4 #ai1 #bj1  #bd1 #bh1 
#ca1 #cc4 ,prea*+ ,*ri/1 & w>n+ e man1 &
 tea*+  e man 9 all wisdom1 t he may    
pres5t e man p]fect 9  ,*ri/1 ,col4 i4  
#bh4    #b4 ,he is to be obey$ z ! guide
 ( ! congregation 9 !  managem5t (      
,god's public wor%ip4 ,y mu/ s]i\sly &  
rev]5tly  jo9 ) him e ,"l's day at lea/ 
9 ! public pray]s &  praises ( ! *ur*1 &
 n ord9>ily g f him to ano!r4    #c4 ,y 
mu/ receive f him or ) him1 ! sacram5t (
 ! body  & blood ( ,*ri/3 :i* ( old 0   
adm9i/]$ e ,"l's day1  & t only 9 ! *ur*
 :]e ! bi%op 01 t is1 9 e  *ur* ( !     
fai?ful3 =1 z ,ignatius mo/ obs]vably   
sai?1#ajj      1      1    --,,unum     
,,alt>e ,,omni ,,ecclesi1 ,,et ,,unus   
,,episcopus ,,cum  ,,presbyt]io ,,et    
,,diaconis4--,,9 ,,e ,,*ur* !re is ,,"o 
,,alt>1 & ,,"o  ,,bi%op1 ,,) ,,!        
,,presbyt]y & ,,deacons4--,s 9 8 ,epi/4 
ad ,magnes4  ,come all z "o1 to ! temple

 ( ,god1 z to "o alt>1 z to "o  ,jesus  
,*ri/4 ,& sai? ,t]tullian1#aja ,eu*>i/  
,sacram5tum--nec  de aliorum manu quam  
prsid5tium sumimus3 ,we take n !        
sacram5t  ( ! eu*>i/ f ! h& ( any b !   
presid5t4    #d4 ,y mu/ h rec\rse to him
 especially = ! resolution ( y\r        
weighty d\bts1 9 private4#ajb    #e4 ,y 
mu/ he> y\r bi%ops & rep5t1 :5 9        
meekness & love  !y conv9ce & admoni% y 
aga9/ y\r s9s1 & n resi/ !  ^w ( ,god   
:i* !y p[]fully & pati5tly lay home to  
y\r  consci5ces1 nor put !m ) grief to  
cut y (f1 z imp5it5t 9  sc&al\s s9s1 f !
 communion ( ! *ur*4    #f4 ,y mu/1 aft]
 any sc&al\s s9 :i* ha? br\ght y "u !   
c5sure ( ! *ur*1 g humble y\rselves by  
p5it5t confession1  & crave absolution &
 re/oration to ! communion ( ! *ur*4    
#g4 ,y\r public *ur* alms %\ld ord9>ily 
be deposit$ into !  bi%op's h&s1 :o     
relieve? ! orphans & wid[s1 & is !      
curator or gu>dian to all absolutely t  
are 9 want1 sai? ,ignatius  to ,polyc>p1
 cit$ by ,dr4 ,hammond on #a ,cor4 xii4 

#bh4ajc    #h4 ,y mu/ s5d = him 9 y\r   
sickness to pray ) y & advise  y4 ,see  
,dr4 ,hammond on ,james v4 #ad4 ,& on #a
 ,cor4 xii4 #bh1 he sai?1  ,polyc>p     
himself speak+ ( ! eld]s or bi%ops sai?1
 ,!y visit  & take c>e ( all t are sick1
 n neglect+ ! wid[s1 !  orphans1 or !   
poor4 ,& ,dr4 ,hammond on ,james v4 #ad1
 %[e? out (  antiquity1#ajd t ,"o "p ( !
 bi%op's (fice is set d[n1 t  !y are ^? 
t visit all ! sick4 ,n b t a /rang] may 
be  made use ( also2 b ord9>ily &       
especially y\r own bi%op mu/  be s5t =2 
because z y are 8 special *>ge1 & he    
wat*e?  = y\r s\ls z "o t mu/ give      
acc\nt1 ,heb4 xiii4 #ag1 s x is  suppos$
 t he is bett] acqua9t$ ) y\r spiritual 
/ate &  life ?an o!rs are1 & !re=e 9    
less dang] ( wrong+ y by  mi/ake &      
misapplications2 = x is suppos$ t y h   
acqua9t$ him ) y\r p]sonal condition 9  
y\r heal?1 hav+  tak5 him z y\r ord9>y  
c\nsellor = y\r s\ls1 & t he ha?        
acqua9t$ himself ) y\r condition1 &     
confirm$ y1 & wat*$  ov] y by "n1 z     

,ignatius to ,polyc>p bi%op ( ,smyrna   
sai?1#aje  ,spe congregationes fiant3 ex
 nom9e omnes qure3 s]vos et ancillas  ne
 despicias1 z bi%op ,u%]'s old ,lat9    
translation ha? x3 ,let  congregations  
be (t5 held2 inquire aft] all by "n3    
despise n  s]vants & maids4 ,! bi%op    
took notice ( e s]vant & maid  by "n2 & 
he _h opportunity to see :e!r !y 7 9 !  
congregation4    #i4 ,y mu/ use him z   
y\r lead] or *ampion aga9/ all h]etics1 
infidels1 & subtle adv]s>ies ( ! tru?1 )
 :om y are  unable to cont5d y\rselves1 
t y\r bi%ops may cle> up &  def5d !     
cause ( ,*ri/ & righte\sness1 & by      
irresi/ible  evid5ce1 /op ! m\?s ( all  
ga9say]s4#ajf ,x is = y\r own  b5efit1 &
 n = !irs1 t y are requir$ 9 all ^!     
works  ( _! (fice to use !m & readily   
obey !m4 ,& :at hurt c  x d y to obey !m
 9 any ( ^!8    ,direct4 ,,iii4 ,und]/& 
h[ x is t ,*ri/ do? au?orize &  s5d =? 8
 m9i/]s1 le/ wolves & deceiv]s %\ld ei!r
  obtrude !mselves ^u y z y\r lawful    
pa/ors1 or %\ld ali5ate  y f ^? t ,god  

ha? set ov] y1 by puzzl+ y 9 subtle     
que/ion+ or disput+ aga9/ _! call4 ,n   
only ,paul's w>n+s1  ,acts xx4 #cj1 & #b
 ,tim4 iii4 #f1 b lam5table exp]i5ce1   
telle? u  :at an eag] desire !re is 9   
pr\d & self-conceit$ m51 to  obtrude    
!mselves z tea*]s & pa/ors on ! *ur*es1 
to creep  into h\ses & lead p captive1 &
 draw away disciples aft]  !m1 & say 7& 
p]haps ?9k7 t o!rs are deceiv]s1 & none 
are ! true tea*]s inde$ b !y4 ,& ! fir/ 
"p ( ! art  & "w ( wolves1 is to sep>ate
 y f y\r pa/ors1 & cat* up  ! /raggl]s t
 are ?us sep>at$4 ,! malice1 & sl&]s1 & 
lies1 & rail+ ( hirel+s & deceiv]s1 &   
all ! p[]s (  hell1 are pr9cipally p\r$ 
out on ! fai?ful pa/ors & lead]s  ( !   
flocks4 ,! pr9cipal "w ( ! ,jesuits     
aga9/ y1 is to  make y believe t y\r    
pa/ors are no true pa/ors1 b uncall$    
private p]sons1 & m]e usurp]s3 & !      
reason mu/ be1 because  !y h n an       
ord9ation ( bi%ops successively f !     
apo/les  )\t int]ruption4#ajg ,i confess
 if our int]ruptions _h be5  half z     

lam5table z !irs1 7by _! s*isms1 &      
v>iety ( popes  at once2 & popes accus$1
 or condemn$ by g5]al c\ncils1 =        
h]etics2 & _! v>iety ( ways ( elect+    
popes1 & _!  incapacities by simony1    
usurpation1 c47 ,i %\ld ?9k at lea/ t   
our ance/ors _h cause to h que/ion$ !   
call+ ( "s t  7 !n ov] !m4 ,b ,i w help 
y 9 a few words to disc]n !  juggl+ ( ^!
 deceiv]s1 by %[+ y ! tru? conc]n+ !    
way ( ,*ri/'s giv+ 8 commission to !    
m9i/]s t are truly  call$1 & !          
ne$lessness ( ! pro( ( an un9t]rupt$    
succession ( regul> ord9ation1 to y\r   
reception ( y\r pa/ors  & _!            
m9i/rations4    ,! m9i/]ial commission  
is conta9$ 91 & convey$ by1 ! law  (    
,*ri/1 :i* is ! *>t] ( ! *ur*1 & e true 
bi%op  or pa/or ha? 8 p[] f ,*ri/1 & n  
at all f !  effici5t conveyance ( any   
mortal man3 ev5 z k+s h _! p[]  n f man1
 b f ,god himself2 b ) ?is diff]5ce1 t 9
  ! *ur* ,*ri/ ha? imm$iately det]m9$ ( 
! species ( *ur*  (fices1 b 9 ! civil   
gov]nm5t1 only ( ! g5us 7absolutely  &  

imm$iately74#ajh ,y _c h a pla9]        
illu/ration1 ?an by  consid]+ h[ mayors1
 & bailiffs1 & con/ables are annually   
made  9 corporations3 ! k+ by 8 *>t]    
sai?1 t e ye> at a  c]ta9 "t ! free-m5  
or burgesses %all meet1 & *oose "o to   
be _! mayor1 & ! /ew>d or t[n-cl]k %all 
give him 8 oa?1  & ?us or ?us he %all be
 inve/$ 9 8 place1 & ?is %all be  8 p[] 
& "w1 & no o!r4 ,s ! k+ by 8 law        
appo9te?  t con/ables & *ur*w>d5s %all  
be *os5 9 e p>i%4  ,n[ let our two      
que/ions be "h decid$3 #a4 ,:o is x t   
give?  ^! (fic]s _! p[]8 #b4 ,:e!r an   
un9t]rupt$ succession (  su* (fic]s     
?r\gh all g5]ations s9ce ! enact+ ( t   
law1  be necess>y to ! validity ( !     
pres5t (fic]'s au?ority8 ,to  ! fir/1 ,x
 is c]ta9 t x is ! k+ by 8 law or *>t]  
t give? ! (fic]s _! p[]2 & t !          
corporations &  p>i%es d n give x !m by 
elect+ or inve/+ !m2 yea1  ?\gh ! k+ ha?
 made su* election & inve/iture to be 9 
a  sort 8 in/rum5t 9 ! convey+ x1 x is b
 z ! op5+ (  ! door to let !m 91 s9e quo

 non2 b x do? n make !  in/rum5ts to be 
at all ! giv]s ( ! p[]1 nor 7 !y !      
receiv+ or conta9+ m$iate causes ( x4 ,!
 k+ nev] gave !m  ! p[] :i* ! (fic]s    
receive1 ei!r to use1 or to give2 b     
only makes ! electors 8 in/rum5ts to    
det]m9e ( ! p]son  t %all receive ! p[] 
imm$iately f ! law or *>t]2 &  ! inve/]s
 he make? 8 in/rum5ts ( solemniz+ !     
tradition  & admission3 :i* if ! law or 
*>t] make absolutely necess>y  ad esse  
(ficii1 x w be s2 b if x make x necess>y
 only ad  melius esse1 or b = ord] &    
regul> admittance :5 no  necessity      
h9d]e? x1 ! necessity w be no m4 ,& to !
  second "q1 ,x is pla9 t ! law1 :i* is 
! fundam5tum  juris1 rema9+ /ill ! same1
 if a p>i% omit = div]s ye>s to  *oose  
any con/able or *ur*w>d51 yet ! next "t 
!y d *oose  "o accord+ to law1 ! law do?
 au?orize him1 nev]!less1 ?\gh  !re 0 an
 int]ruption or vacancy s long2 & s 9   
corporations  7unless ! law or *>t] say 
! contr>y73 s is x 9 ! pres5t  case4 #a4
 ,x is ! e/abli%$ law ( ,*ri/1 :i*      

describe? !  (fice1 det]m9e? ( ! degree 
& k9d ( p[]1 & grante? or  conveye? x1  
:5 ! p]son is det]m9$ ( by ! electors & 
orda9]s1 ?\gh by ord9ation ! deliv]y &  
admission is  regul>ly to be solemniz$2 
:i* actions are ( j s mu*  necessity z t
 law ha? made !m1 & no m4 #b4 ,& if !re 
7 nev] s long an int]ruption or vacancy1
 he t aft]w>d  ent]e? lawfully1 s z to  
want no?+ :i* ! law ( ,*ri/ ha?  made   
necess>y to ! be+ ( ! (fice1 do? receive
 8 p[]  nev]!less imm$iately f ! law (  
,*ri/4 ,& ,bell>m9e  himself sai?1 t x  
is n necess>y to ! p1 & to !  validity (
 sacram5ts & (fices to !m1 to "k t _!   
pa/ors  be truly call$ or orda9$3 & if x
 be n necess>y to !  validity (         
sacram5ts1 x is n necess>y to ! validity
 (  ord9ation4 ,& ,w4 ,johnson#aji      
confesse? to me t consecration is  n    
absolutely necess>y ad esse (ficii to ! 
pope himself3 no1  nor any "o sort (    
electors 9 8 election1 p4 #acc4 ,& 9 8  
,repl4  ,t]m4 ,expl4 p4 #de1 he sai?1   
,nei!r papal nor episcopal jurisdiction 

7z all ! le>n$ "k7 dep5ds ( episcopal or
 papal ord9ation3  nor 0 !re ev]        
int]ruptions ( successions 9 episcopal  
jurisdiction 9 any see1 = want ( t      
alone1 t is necess>y =  consecrat+ o!rs 
validly1 & n = jurisdiction ov] !m4 ,y  
see !n h[ little s9c]ity is 9 ^! m5's   
disputations1 :5  !y w\ld p]suade y to  
reject y\r lawful pa/ors z no true      
m9i/]s ( ,*ri/1 = want ( _! ord9ation or
 succession4    ,direct4 ,,iv4 ,?\gh !  
sacram5ts & o!r m9i/]ial (fices are     
valid1 :5 a m9i/] is qualifi$ 79 8      
abilities & call7 b  ) s mu* z is       
ess5tial to ! (fice1 ?\gh he be         
defective 9  degree ( p>ts &            
fai?fulness1 & h p]sonal faults :i*     
prove  8 own de/ruction2 yet s great is 
! diff]5ce betwe5 a holy1  heav5ly1     
le>n$1 judici\s1 exp]i5c$1 skilful1     
zeal\s1  labori\s1 fai?ful m9i/]1 & an  
ignorant1 ungodly1 idle1  unskilful "o1 
& s highly %\ld e wise man value ! be/  
means & advantages to 8 et]nal happ9ess1
 t he %\ld use all  lawful means 9 8 p[]

 to enjoy & live "u su* an able1 godly1 
p[]ful m9i/ry1 ?\gh he "p ) 8 worldly   
weal? & pleasure  to atta9 x4#aaj ,i "k 
no evil mu/ be done = ! atta9m5t (  !   
greate/ helps2 7= we _c expect t ,god   
%\ld bless a  s9ful c\rse1 or t our s9  
%\ld t5d to ! sav+ ( our  s\ls27 & ,i "k
 ,god c bless ! weake/ means1 :5 !y are 
su*  z he appo9te? u to use2 & c tea* u 
by angels :5 he d5ie?  u ! help ( m53 b 
,scripture1 reason1 & exp]i5ce tell u1  
t ord9>ily he worke? morally by means1 &
 fitte? ! means to  ! "w :i* he w d by  
!m3 & z he do? n use to light m5  by a  
clod or /one1 b by a c&le1 nor by a     
rott5 po/ or gl[-worm  s mu* z by a tor*
 or lum9>y2 s he do? n use to "w z mu*  
by an ignorant1 drunk51 idle p]son1 :o  
despise? ! ,god1 !  heav51 ! ,*ri/1 !   
,_s1 ! grace1 ! sacr$ ^w :i* he         
prea*e?1 & vilifie? bo? 8 own & o!r m5's
 s\ls1 z he  do? by an able &           
compassionate m9i/]4 ,& ! s\l is ( s mu*
  m wor? ?an ! body1 & et]nal ?+s ?an   
temporal1 t a  little commodity to ! s\l

 9 ord] to ! secur+ ( our  salvation1   
mu/ be pref]r$ be=e a great deal (      
worldly ri*es3 he  t kn[e? :at 8 s\l1 8 
,savi\r1 & heav5 is wor?1 w n  easily   
sit d[n cont5t$1 "u su* a d>k1 & dull1 &
 />v+  m9i/]1 z he feele? he c b little 
pr(it by1 if bett] may be  _h on lawful 
t]ms4 ,he t feele? no diff]5ce betwe5 ! 
m9i/ry ( ^! two sorts ( m51 x is because
 he is a /rang] to  ! "w ( ! gospel on !
 s\l3 & if ! gospel 79 its tru?1  or    
wor?1 or use7 be hid1 x is hid to !m t  
are lo/1 ! god (  ?is _w hav+ bl9d$ _!  
m9ds4#aaa ,x mu/ be no small  matt] t   
mu/ satisfy a s]i\s *ri/ian to ca/ 8 s\l
 ^u any  hurtful or dang]\s             
disadvantage4 ,?\gh ,daniel & 8         
companions  may live well on pulse1 yea1
 & ,ezekiel ^u bread bak$ ) dung1  :5   
,god w h x s1 yet no wise man w *oose   
su* a diet3  especially if 8 diseases   
require ! exacte/ diet1 or 8 weakness  !
 mo/ re/orative1 & all too little2 :i*1 
alas1 is ! common  case4 ,yet ?is       
caution y mu/ "h take ) y1 #a4 ,t y     

pret5d n y\r own b5efit1 to ! common    
loss or hurt ( o!rs4 #b4  ,& t y consid]
 z well :]e y may d mo/ good1 z :]e y   
may get mo/2 = ! way ( greate/ s]vice1  
is ! way ( greate/  ga94    ,sid5ote3 ,!
 ord] & cr$it ( m9i/]ial tea*+ ! doctr9e
  ( salvation4    ,direct4 ,v4 ,und]/&  
:at sort & measure ( belief x is t y    
owe to y\r tea*]s1 t s y\r incr$ulity   
h9d] n y\r fai?  9 ,*ri/1 nor y\r       
ov]-mu* cr$ulity betray y to h]esy1 nor 
make  y ! s]vants ( m51 contr>y to      
,matt4 xxiii4 #h-aj2 ,eph4 iv4 #ac2 #b  
,cor4 i4 #bd2 ,acts xx4 #cj4 ,we see on 
"o side h[ _m poor s\ls are  *eat$ into 
s*ism & dang]\s errors1 by =sak+ _!     
tea*]s  & refus+ _! necess>y help1 & all
 ^u ?is pret5ce1 t  !y mu/ n make m5 !  
lords ( _! fai?1 nor p9 _! fai?  on !   
m9i/]'s sleeve1 nor take _! religion ^u 
tru/4 ,& on  ! o!r side we see among !  
papi/s1 & 9 e sect1 :at  lam5table "w is
 made by an ov]-mu* cr$ulity & implicit 
belief  ( ambiti\s1 worldly1 facti\s1   
pr\d1 & errone\s guides4 ,t y  may      

escape bo? ^! extremes1 y mu/ obs]ve !  
tru? ( ^!  conclusions foll[+1 :i* %[ y 
:at x is t y\r tea*]s  h to reveal unto 
y1 & 9 :at ord]1 & h[ f> ! sev]al       
p>ticul>s are1 or are n to be tak5 ^u _!
 words4    ,& fir/1 z a prep>ative1 x is
 presuppos$1 7#a47 ,t y f9d  y\rself    
ignorant1 & "o t ne$e? a tea*]2 = if y  
?9k  y "k all t y ne$ to "k already1 y  
are l a full bottle  t w hold no m4     
7#b47 ,x is presuppos$ t y take ! man  t
 y le>n ( to be wis] ?an y\rself1 & fit 
to tea* y2  ei!r because fame or o!r    
m5's reports h told y s1 7z !  woman1   
,john iv4 drew ! ,sam>itans to ,*ri/17  
or because 8 own  pr(ession ( skill do? 
make y ?9k s 7z y w he>k5 to him  t     
pr(esse? to be able to tea* y any art or
 sci5ce72 or else  because y\r pres5t   
he>+ 8 disc\rse do? conv9ce y ( 8       
wisdom2 by "o ( ^! means y are br\ght to
 ?9k t he is "o  t y may le>n (1 & is   
fit = y to he> 7s t "h is no  ne$ t fir/
 y take him to be infallible1 or t y "k 
:i*  is ! true *ur*1 z ! papi/s say74   

,^! are suppos$4    ,sid5ote3 ,to "k    
y\rself4    ,! doctr9es :i* he is to    
tea* y are ^!1 & 9 ?is me?od  to be     
taught4 #a4 ,he w tea* y ! natural k (  
y\rself2  t be+ a man1 y are a rational1
 free ag5t1 made by ano!r =  8 w & use1 
& by him to be rul$ 9 ord] to y\r       
ultimate  end1 be+ :olly 81 & at 8      
disposal4    ,sid5ote3 ,to "k ,god &    
hol9ess4    #b4 ,he w next tea* y t !re 
is a ,god t made y1 & :at  he is1 & :at 
relation he /&e? 9 to y1 & y to him1 z  
y\r ,creator1 y\r ,own]1 y\r ,rul]1 &   
y\r ,b5efactor1 & y\r  ,end3 & :at duty 
y owe him 9 ^! relations1 to submit to  
him1  & resign y\rselves to him z 8 own1
 to be ob$i5t to all 8  laws1 & to love 
him & delight 9 him2 & ?is ) all y\r    
he>t1 & s\l1 & might2 ev5 to s]ve him ) 
all ! p[]s (  y\r s\l & body1 & ) y\r   
e/ates & all 8 bless+s4    ,sid5ote3 ,to
 "k ! life to come4    #c4 ,he w next   
tea* y t ?is ,god ha? made y\r s\ls     
immortal1  & t !re is a life aft] ?is   
:]e ev]la/+ happ9ess or  mis]y w be y\r 

"p1 & :]e ! great rew>ds & puni%m5ts    
are execut$ by ! ,judge ( all ! _w z m5 
h behav$  !mselves 9 ?is pres5t life4 ,t
 y\r end & happ9ess is n  "h1 b 9 ! life
 to come1 & t ?is life is ! way & "t  ( 
prep>ation1 9 :i* ev]la/+ happ9ess is   
won or lo/4    ,?us f> he ne$e? no      
sup]natural pro( ( :at he sai?2 b c     
prove x all to y f ! light ( nature3 &  
^! ?+s y are  n prim>ily to receive (   
him z a te/ifi] by m]e believ+ him2  b z
 a tea*]1 by le>n+ ( him ! evid5ces by  
:i* y may by  degrees come to "k ^! ?+s 
y\rselves4    ,yet x is suppos$ t all   
along y give him s mu* cr$it z !        
diff]5ce betwe5 8 k & y\rs do? require1 
s f> z x  appe>e? to y2 z y w he> a     
physician1 a lawy]1 a  philosoph]1 or   
any man1 ) rev]5ce1 :ile he disc\rse? ( 
!  matt]s ( 8 own pr(ession2 z confess+ 
8 judgm5t to be bett]  ?an y\rs1 & !re=e
 m suspect+ y\r own appreh5sions ?an  84
 ,n b t ! tru? may compel y to disc]n x1
 ?\gh y  %\ld come ) no su* rev]5ce or  
respect to him2 b !n y  ca/ y\rself ^u  

mu* disadvantage irrationally2 & ?is    
human  belief ( him is b a m$ium to y\r 
le>n+1 & s to !  k ( ! matt]2 s t y d n 
/op & re/ 9 8  au?ority or cr$ibility1 b
 only use x 9 ord] to y\r discov]y  ( t 
evid5ce :i* y re/ 91 :i* z a tea*] he   
acqua9ts  y )4    ,^! ?+s be+ ?us f>    
reveal$ by natural light1 are 7usually7 
at fir/ appreh5d$ by natural reason1 n s
 z pres5tly to put or  prove ! s\l 9 a  
/ate ( sav+ grace2 b s z to awak5 x to  
make fur!r inquiry2 & s :5 ! s\l is come
 s f> z to see  ! same tru?s by         
sup]natural grace 9 ! sup]natural       
revelation  ( ! holy ,scriptures1 !n !y 
become m effectual & sav+1  :i* be=e 7  
kn[n prep>atorily2 & s ! same tru?s are 
!n  bo? ! objects ( k & ( fai?4         
,sid5ote3 ,to "k t ,*ri/1 fai?1         
rep5tance1 & ob$i5ce1 is  ! way to x4   
#d4 ,hav+ acqua9t$ y ) man's ultimate   
end & happ9ess 9 !  life to come1 ! next
 ?+ to be taught y by ! m9i/]s (  ,*ri/1
 is1 t ,*ri/ z our ,savi\r1 & fai?1 &   
rep5tance1  & s9c]e ob$i5ce to be p]=m$ 

by u ?r\gh 8 grace1 is !  way to heav51 
or ! means by :i* we mu/ atta9 ?is end4 
,?\gh  ! k ( ! prea*]'s wisdom1 piety1 &
 cr$ibility remove  "s imp$im5ts :i*    
w\ld make ! receiv+ ( ?is ! m  difficult
 to y1 yet y are n to take x b>ely on 8 
^w1 z a  po9t ( human fai?2 b y are to  
call = 8 pro( ( x1 t  y may see bett]   
reasons ?an 8 affirmations = !          
ent]ta9m5t  ( x4    ,sid5ote3 ,to "k t  
?is is true because ,god ha? reveal$ x2 
or  x is 8 ^w4    #e4 ,! pro( t he w    
give y is 9 ^! two propositions3 #a4    
,god's revelations are all true4 #b4    
,?is is "o ( ,god's revelations3  ?is is
 an argum5t1 ,:atsoev] ,god sai? is     
true3 b ?is ,god sai?1  !re=e ?is is    
true4 ,! fir/ proposition y are n to    
take ^u  ! tru/ ( 8 ^w1 b to le>n ( him 
z a tea*] to "k x 9  its prop] evid5ce2 
= x is ! =mal object ( y\r fai?3 !      
v]acity ( ,god is fir/ kn[n to y1 by !  
same evid5ce & means  z y "k t !re is a 
,god2 & !n x is by ! =ce ( ?is  t y     
believe ! p>ticul> tru?s :i* are !      

mat]ial object  ( fai?4 ,& ! second     
proposition1 t ,god ha? reveal$ ?is1 is 
ord]ly to be fir/ prov$1 & s receiv$ ^u 
its prop] evid5ce2  & n tak5 m]ely ^u   
y\r tea*]'s ^w3 yet if y d believe  him 
by a human fai? z a man t is likely to  
"k :at he sai?1  & ?is 9 ord] to a div9e
 fai?1 x w n h9d]1 b help y\r  div9e    
fai? & salvation2 & is inde$ no m ?an is
 y\r duty4    ,"h note1 #a4 ,t prim>ily 
^! two great pr9ciples ( fai?1 ,god  is 
true1 & ?is is ,god's revelation1 are n 
!mselves cr$5da1  ! mat]ial objects (   
div9e fai?1 b ( k4 #b4 ,t yet  ! result 
( bo? is de fide1 matt] ( fai?4 #c4 ,& !
 same  pr9ciples are second>ily de fide1
 z x is t !re is a ,god4  ,= ?\gh !y are
 fir/ to be kn[n by natural evid5ce1 yet
 :5  ! ,scripture is op5$ to u1 we %all 
f9d !m !re reveal$2 &  s ! same ?+ may  
be ! object bo? ( k & ( fai?4 #d4  ,&   
fai? itself is a sort ( k2 = ?\gh human 
fai? h  t unc]ta9ty 9 its premises1 7= !
 mo/ "p17 z =bidde?  u to say1          
7prop]ly17 ,i "k ?is to be true1 because

 su* a man said  x2 yet div9e fai? ha? t
 c]ta9ty :i* may make x an  excell5t    
sort ( k2 z ,i h prov$ copi\sly else:]e4
 ,9  believ+ man we argue ?us1 ,:atsoev]
 s wise & hone/ a man  sai?1 is cr$ible1
 t is1 mo/ likely to be true3 b ?is he  
sai?2 !re=e1 c4 ,b 9 believ+ ,god we    
argue ?us1 ,:atev] ,god  sai? is        
cr$ible1 t is1 z infallible tru?3 b ?is 
,god sai?2  !re=e1 c4 ,s t ! ^w cr$ible1
 signifie? n ! same  ?+ 9 ! two         
argum5ts2 nor are div9e fai? & human    
fai? !  same4    ,sid5ote3 ,to "k t !   
gospel is 8 ^w4    #f4 ,! next ?+ t !   
prea*] ha? to tea* y1 is ! pro( (  !    
a=esaid m9or proposition 7= ! major 0   
prov$ 9 ! pro(  ( a ,deity72 & t is ?us3
 ,! gospel :i* ,*ri/ & 8  apo/les fir/  
prea*$1 & is n[ deliv]$ 9 ! sacr$       
,scriptures1 is ! ^w1 or infallible     
revelation1 ( ,god3 b ?is  doctr9e1 t   
,*ri/1 ) fai?1 & rep5tance1 & ob$i5ce on
  our p>ts1 are ! way to life et]nal1 is
 ! gospel :i* ,*ri/ &  8 apo/les fir/   
prea*$1 c42 !re=e x is ! ^w ( ,god4 ,=  

! m9or y ne$ n take y\r tea*]'s ^w1 if y
 c read2 =  y may see x 9 ! ,bible 7(   
:i* m anon73 b ! major is  t :i* all m5 
desire to be assur$ (1 ,t ! gospel is   
,god's  ^w4 ,& = t1 ?\gh a belief ( y\r 
tea*] is a help &  good prep>atory1 yet 
y are n !re to /op1 b to use him z a    
tea*] to %[ y ! tru? ( x 9 ! pro(s3 or  
else y mu/  take any ?+ = ,god's ^w1 :i*
 y\r tea*] affirme? to be  su*4 ,& !    
pro( :i* he w give y1 mu/ be "s div9e   
atte/ation :i* may be %[$ to ^? :om we  
w\ld conv9ce4    ,sid5ote3 ,! ,div9e    
atte/ation ( ! gospel4    #g4 ,! div9e  
atte/ation1 :i* he is next to %[ y1 ha? 
_m  p>ts1 t x may be complete &         
satisfactory4 #a4 ,god's antec$5t       
te/imony4 #b4 ,8 inh]5t or impress$     
te/imony4 #c4 ,8 adh]5t1  concomitant   
te/imony4 #d4 ,8 subsequ5t te/imony4 #a4
 ,god's  antec$5t te/imony by :i* he    
atte/$ ! gospel1 is ! tra9 (  promises1 
prophecies1 types1 & ! prep>+ m9i/ry (  
,john1 :i*  all =etold ,*ri/1 & 7       
fulfill$ 9 him4 #b4 ,god's impress$     

te/imony is t image & sup]scription (   
,god1 79 8 gov]n+  wisdom1 hol9ess1 &   
love17 :i* is inimitably engrav5 on !   
gospel2 z an image ^u a seal1 :i* is    
!reby made ! in/rum5t  to impr9t ! same 
on o!r ?+s4 ,?us z ! sun1 ! gospel      
%9e?1 & prove? itself by its prop]      
light4 #c4 ,! concomitant  atte/ation ( 
,god1 is t ( multitudes ( c]ta91        
uncontroll$  miracles1 done by ,*ri/ & 8
 apo/les1 :i* prov$ ! approv+  h& (     
,god1 & oblige all rational creatures to
 believe a te/imony  s confirm$ to !m4  
,among ^!1 ,*ri/'s own resurrection &   
asc5sion1 & ! gifts ( 8 apo/les1 are !  
*ief4 #d4 ,!  subsequ5t atte/ation (    
,god is1 ! p[] & efficacy ( !  gospel1 9
 call+ & sanctify+ unto ,*ri/ a peculi> 
p1  zeal\s ( good works1 & direct+ &    
confirm+ !m aga9/ all  temptations &    
torm5ts to ! end2 produc+ t same image (
 ,god  on ! s\ls ( 8 elect1 :i* is 7m   
p]fectly7 engrav5 on !  _w itself2 mak+ 
su* *anges1 & ga!r+ su* a p unto  ,god1 
z no o!r doctr9e ev] did4 ,& all ^! f\r 

atte/ations  are b "o1 ev5 ! ,holy ,_s1 
:o is become ! great witness (  ,*ri/ & 
8 gospel 9 ! _w3 viz4 #a4 ,! ,_s (      
prophecy is  ! antec$5t atte/ation4 #b4 
,! holy image :i* ! ,_s ha?  pr9t$ on ! 
gospel itself1 is ! inh]5t evid5ce4 #c4 
,!  miracles ( ! ,_s1 is ! concomitant  
atte/ation or evid5ce4 #d4  ,& !        
sanctify+ "w ( ! ,_s is ! subsequ5t     
atte/ation1  r5ew$ & accompany+ x to !  
end ( ! _w4 ,s t !  argum5t runs ?us1 ,t
 doctr9e :i* ha? ?is witness ( ! ,holy  
,gho/1 antec$5tly 9 su* prophecies1     
inh]5tly be>+ 8 image  s inimitably1    
accompani$ by s _m c]ta91 uncontroll$   
miracles1  & foll[$ & att5d$ ) su*      
mat*less success 9 !  sanctification ( !
 body ( ,*ri/1 is fully atte/$ by ,god  
to be  8 own3 b su* is ! doctr9e ( !    
gospel2 !re=e1 c4 ,!  major y are n to  
take ^u tru/ f y\r tea*]s1 ?\gh y\r     
e/eem ( _! judgm5t may ! bett] dispose y
 to le>n2 b y  are to disc]n ! evid5ces 
( tru? :i* is app>5t 9 x4 ,= he  t d5ie?
 ?is1 mu/ by =ce ( argum5t be driv5 to  

d5y1 #a4  ,ei!r t ,god is ! ,gov]nor ( !
 _w2 or t he is !  supreme1 b say he is 
controll$ by ano!r4 #b4 ,or t he is good
  & true2 & mu/ affirm t he ei!r gov]ne?
 ! _w by m]e  deceits1 & undisc]nible   
lies1 or t he ha? giv5 up ! p[] to  "s  
"o t s gov]ne? x3 all :i* is b to affirm
 t !re  is no ,god 7:i* is suppos$ to be
 prov$ be=e74    ,sid5ote3 ,to "k !     
matt]s ( fact subs]vi5t to our fai?4    
#h4 ,!re n[ rema9e? no?+ to be taught y1
 z to prove ! tru?  ( ! gospel1 b only  
^? matt]s ( fact :i* are conta9$ &      
suppos$ 9 ! m9or ( ! two la/ argum5ts3 &
 !y are ^!  p>ticul>s4 #a4 ,t !re 7 su* 
p]sons z ,*ri/ & 8  apo/les1 & su* a    
gospel prea*$ by !m4 #b4 ,t su* miracles
  7 done by !m1 z are suppos$4 #c4 ,t   
bo? doctr9e & miracles  7 committ$ to   
writ+ by !m1 9 ! ,scriptures1 = !       
c]ta9] pres]v+ !m to ! *ur*'s use4#aab  
#d4 ,t *ur*es  7 plant$1 & s\ls conv]t$ 
& confirm$ by !m 9 ! fir/  ages1 _m (   
:om did seal !m ) _! blood4 #e4 ,t !re h
  be5 a succession ( su* *ur*es z h     

adh]$ to ?is ,*ri/ &  gospel4 #f4 ,t ?is
 :i* we call ! ,bible is t v book       
conta9+ ^? sacr$ writ+s a=e-m5tion$4 #g4
 ,t x ha? be5  /ill copi$ out & pres]v$ 
)\t any su* depravation or  corruption z
 might fru/rate its ends4 #h4 ,t !      
copies are su*  out ( :i* we h !m       
translat$1 & :i* we %[4 #i4 ,t !y  are s
 truly translat$ z to h no su*          
corruptions or mi/akes1 z  to fru/rate  
_! ends1 or make !m unapt = ! "w !y 7   
appo9t$ to4 #aj4 ,t ^! p>ticul> words   
are inde$ "h writt5  :i* we read2 & ^!  
p>ticul> doctr9es conta9+ !  ess5tials (
 *ri/ianity1 toge!r ) ! re/ ( ! mat]ial 
objects ( fai?4    ,all ^! t5 p>ticul>s 
are matt]s ( fact t are m]ely  subs]vi5t
 to ! con/itut+ pr9ciples ( our fai?1 b 
yet v  ne$ful to be kn[n4 ,n[ ! "q is1  
,h[ ^! mu/ be kn[n &  receiv$ by u s z n
 to invalidate our fai?8 & h[ f> our    
tea*]s mu/ be "h believ$8 ,& fir/ x is v
 useful to u to  inquire1 ,h[ s _m ( ^! 
matt]s ( fact z 7 !n exi/5t  7 kn[n to !
 fir/ *ri/ians8 ,z h[ knew !y 9 ^? days 

t !re 7 su* p]sons z ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les8 
t !y  prea*$ su* doctr9es1 & spake su*  
languages1 & did su* works1  & t !y     
wrote su* books1 & s5t su* epi/les to ! 
*ur*es1 & t *ur*es 7 h]eby conv]t$ &    
confirm$1 &  m>tyrs seal$ ?is ) _!      
blood1 c48 ,x is easy to tell h[ !y  7  
c]ta9 ( all ^!2 ev5 by _! own eyes1 &   
e>s1 &  s5sible obs]vation1 z we "k t   
!re are ,engli%m5 live 9  ,engl&2 & ^? t
 7 remot] f "s ( ! matt]s ( fact1  knew 
!m by su* report ( ^? t did see !m1 z ^?
 among u  t nev] saw ! k+1 or c\rt1 or 8
 re/oration1 d "k t  su* a ?+ !re 01 &  
su* a p]son !re is4 ,?us !y knew x  !n4 
,f :5ce ,i note1 #a4 ,t 9 ^? days x 0 n 
necess>y to !  be+ ( true fai?1 t any   
sup]natural te/imony ( ! ,_s1 or  any   
o!r sort ( pro(1 ?an _! v s5ses &       
reason1 %\ld  acqua9t !m ) ^? matt]s (  
fact :i* !y 7 eye-witnesses  (4 #b4 ,t  
cr$ible report or hi/ory 0 !n ! means = 
any "o  t saw n a matt] ( fact1 to "k z 
mu* z !y t saw x4 #c4  ,t !re=e ?is is  
n[ ! way also ( produc+ fai?4 ,"s  ?+s  

we h yet sight & s5se =2 z t su* ,bibles
 & su*  *ur*es are exi/5t2 t su* holy   
effects ?is doctr9e ha? ^u  ! s\l 7:i*  
we see 9 o!rs by ! fruits1 & aft] feel 9
  ourselves73 ! re/ we mu/ "k by hi/ory1
 tradition1 or report4    ,& 9 !        
reception ( ^! hi/orical passages note  
fur!r1 #a4  ,t human belief is "h a     
naturally necess>y means to acqua9t u  )
 ! matt] ( our div9e belief4 #b4 ,t !re 
are v>i\s  degrees ( ?is belief1 & "s   
ne$ m ( x by f> ?an o!rs1  accord+ to ! 
v>i\s degrees ( _! ignorance3#aac z he t
  _c read himself1 mu/ "k by human      
belief 79 great "p7 t  ! prea*] reade?  
truly1 or t su* words inde$ are 9 !     
gospel z he sai? are !re2 b a lit]ate   
p]son may "k ?is by  8 eye-sight1 & n   
take x ^u tru/4 ,s he t und]/&e?  n     
,hebrew & ,greek1 mu/ take x ^u tru/ t !
 ,scripture is  truly translat$2 b ano!r
 t und]/&e? ^? tongues1 may  see x ) 8  
eyes4 #c4 ,hi/ory be+ ! prop] means to  
"k  matt]s ( fact t are done 9 times    
pa/1 & out ( our sight1 !  same indu/ry 

t is necess>y to a ?or\gh acqua9tance ) 
o!r  hi/ory1 is necess>y to ! same      
acqua9tance ) ?is4 #d4 ,t !  common     
beg9n+ ( receiv+ all su* hi/orical tru?s
 is fir/ by  believ+ our tea*]s s f> z  
become? le>n]s1 & 9 ! mean  "t go+ on to
 le>n till we come to "k z mu* z !y1 &  
^u  ! same hi/orical evid5ce z !y4 #e4  
,t if any man be "h  necessitat$ to take
 m ?an o!rs ^u ! tru/ or belief (  _!   
tea*]s1 x is long ( _! ignorance3 &     
!re=e if su*  cry out aga9/ _! tak+ ?+s 
on tru/1 x is l a mad-man's  rav+ aga9/ 
!m t w\ld ord] him2 or z if "o %\ld     
reproa*  a nurse = fe$+ infants1 & n    
lett+ !m fe$ !mselves4  ,oportet        
disc5tem cr$]e4 ,he t w n believe 8     
tea*] w  nev] le>n4 ,if a *ild w n      
believe 8 ma/] t tells him  :i* are !   
lett]s1 ! v[els1 & consonants1 & :at is 
_!  p[]1 & :at !y spell1 & :at e ^w     
signifie? 9 !  language :i* he is tea*+ 
him1 w he be ev] ! bett] = 8  tea*+8 #f4
 ,t he t kn[e? ^! hi/orical matt]s no   
o!rwise ?an by ! belief ( 8 p>ticul>    

tea*]1 may  nev]!less h a div9e & sav+  
fai?2 = ?\gh he believe by  a human fai?
 t ^! ?+s 7 done1 t ?is is ! same book1 
c41 yet he believe? ! gospel itself 7?us
 br\ght to 8  k7 because ,god is true t 
ha? atte/$ x4 ,ev5 z x 0 a  sav+ fai? 9 
,m>y & ,m>?a1 t knew by _! eyes & e>s1 &
  n only by belief1 t ,laz>us 0 rais$1 &
 t ,*ri/ prea*$  ?us & ?us to !m2 b     
believ$ 8 doctr9e to be true1 because  (
 ,god's v]acity :o atte/$ x4 #g4 ,t x is
 ! great wisdom &  m]cy ( ,god to 8 weak
 & ignorant p1 to provide !m tea*]s  to 
acqua9t !m ) ^! ?+s1 & to v\*safe !m su*
 a help  to _! salvation1 z to make x a 
/&+ (fice 9 8 *ur* to  ! end ( ! _w1 t !
 infants & ignorant might n be ca/  (f1 
b h fa!rs1 & nurses1 & tea*]s to take   
c>e ( !m4  #h4 ,b especially m>k1 t yet 
^! infants h mu* disadvantage  9        
comp>ison ( o!rs1 t "k all ^! matt]s (  
fact by !  same conv9c+ evid5ce z _!    
tea*]s2 & t he t foll[e?  on to le>n x z
 he ought1 may come to prove ^!         
subs]vi5t  matt]s ( fact1 by su* a      

concurr5ce ( evid5ces1 z am\nte? to  an 
infallibility or moral c]ta9ty1 beyond  
m]e human fai? z su*3  z e4 g4 an       
illit]ate p]son t ha? x b f o!rs1 may be
  c]ta9 t x is inde$ a ,bible :i* is    
ord9>ily read &  prea*$ to him2 & t x is
 s truly translat$ z to be a  suffici5t 
rule ( fai? & life1 hav+ no mi/ake :i*  
mu/ haz>d  a man's salvation2 because ! 
,bible 9 ! orig9al tongues is s         
commonly to be _h1 & s _m among u und]/&
 x1 & !re is  among !m s great a        
contr>iety ( judgm5ts & int]e/s1 t x  is
 n possible b _m w\ld detect su* a      
public lie1 if any %\ld  deal falsely 9 
s weighty & evid5t a case4 ,!re is a    
moral  c]ta9ty 7equal to a natural7 t "s
 actions w n be done by  :ole c\ntries1 
:i* e individual p]son ha? p[] & natural
  lib]ty to d3 z e4 g4 !re is no man 9 !
 k+dom b may  possibly kill himself1 or 
may fa/ to-morr[1 or may lie 9 b$ _m    
days toge!r2 & yet x is c]ta91 t all ! p
 9 ,engl&  w d none ( ^!3 s x is        
possible t any s+le p]son may  lie ev5 9

 a palpable public case1 z to pret5d t  
?is is a ,bible  :5 x is "s o!r book1 or
 t ?is is ! same book t 0  receiv$ f !  
apo/les by ! *ur*es ( t age1 :5 x is n  
x1 c42 b = all ! c\ntry1 & all ! _w t   
are compet5t  witnesses1 to agree to d  
?is1 is a m]e impossibility1 ,i mean su*
 a  ?+ z _c be done )\t a miracle1 yea1 
a univ]sal miracle4  ,& m ?an s1 x is   
impossible t ,god %\ld d a miracle to   
accompli% su* a univ]sal wick$ness &    
deceit2 :]eas x is  possible t natural  
causes by a miracle may be turn$ out (  
c\rse1  :]e !re is no?+ 9 ! nature (    
,god aga9/ x 7z t !  sun %\ld /& /ill1  
c474 ,we h a c]ta9ty t !re 0 a  ,julius 
,cs>1 a ,william ! ,conqu]or1 an        
,ari/otle1 a ,cic]o1 an  ,augu/9e1 a    
,*ryso/om1 & t ! laws & /atutes ( ! l&  
7 really enact$ by ! k+s & p>liam5ts ^: 
names !y  be>2 because ! natural & civil
 int]e/s ( s _m ?\s&s  t are able to    
detect x1 c\ld nev] be reconcil$ "h to a
  deceit4 ,:5 judges & c\nsellors1 k+s &
 nobles1 & pla9tiffs  & def5dants1 utt] 

enemies1 are all agre$ 9 x1 x is m      
c]ta9 to a s+le p]son ?an if he _h se5 !
 pass+ ( !m  ) 8 eyes4 ,s 9 our case1 :5
 an (fice 0 e/abli%$ 9 !  *ur*1 to read 
& prea* ?is gospel 9 ! assemblies2 & :5 
all  ! congregations took x z ! *>t] (  
_! salvation1 & !  rule ( _! fai? &     
life2 & :5 ^! pa/ors & *ur*es 7  disp]s$
 ov] all ! *ri/ian _w1 :o ?us wor%ipp$  
,god f  day to day2 & all sects &       
enemies 7 ready to h detect$ a          
falsification or deceit2 x is "h z      
impossible = su* a k9d (  hi/ory1 or    
tradition1 or te/imony to be false1 9   
su* mat]ial  po9ts ( fact1 z = "o man's 
s5ses to deceive him1 & mu* m4    ,?us  
,i h at once %[$ y ! true ord] ( !      
prea*+1 &  pro(s1 & receiv+ ( ! sev]al  
matt]s ( religion1 & h[ &  into :at our 
fai? mu/ be resolv$2 & h[ f> y\r tea*]s 
are to  be believ$4 ,& "h y mu/         
especially obs]ve two ?+s3 #a4 ,t  !re c
 be no dang] 9 ?is resolution ( fai?1 ( 
d]ogat+  ei!r f ! "w ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 or
 ! ,scriptures'  self-evid5ce1 or any   

o!r cause :atev]2 because we ascribe    
no?+  to hi/ory or tradition :i* 0      
ascrib$ to any ( ^! causes by  ! fir/   
*ri/ians2 b only put our reception by   
tradition1  in/ead ( _! reception       
imm$iately by s5se3 our receiv+ by      
infallible hi/ory1 is b 9 ! place ( _!  
receiv+ by sight2  & n 9 ! place (      
self-evid5ce ( ,scripture1 or any       
te/imony  or tea*+ ( ! ,_s4 ,! me?od is 
exactly laid d[n1 ,heb4 ii4  #c1 #d1 ,h[
 %all we escape if we neglect s great   
salvation2 :i* at  ! fir/ began to be   
spok5 by ! ,"l1 & 0 confirm$ to u by  !m
 t he>d him2 ,god also be>+ !m witness1 
bo? ) signs  & wond]s1 & div]s miracles1
 & gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/1  accord+ to 8 
own w8 ,"h is ! sum ( :at ,i h be5      
say+4    #b4 ,obs]ve also ! great       
diff]5ce betwe5 u & ! papi/s 9  ?is     
controv]sy ( us+ tradition 9 !          
resolution ( our fai?4 #a4  ,!y decide !
 ma9 "q 9 gross by tradition1 viz4 ,:e!r
 !  ,scripture be ! ^w ( ,god8 ,b we    
only decide ! que/ions ab\t  hi/ory or  

matt]s ( fact by x1 :i* are subs]vi5t to
 ! o!r4  #b4 ,! tradition :i* mo/ ( !m  
plead1 is no?+ b !  au?oritative judgm5t
 ( ! successive pa/ors ( ! *ur* 9 a     
g5]al c\ncil confirm$ by ! pope2 & z    
ano!r faction among  !m sai?1 ,!        
reception ( ! :ole *ur*1 bo? laity &    
cl]gy2  & ?is *ur* mu/ be only ! ,roman 
faction4 ,b ! tradition  :i* we plead is
 ! concurr5t te/imony ( fri5ds & foes1  
or?odox & h]etics2 & ( all ! *ur*es     
?r\gh\t ! _w1  bo? ,greek & ,lat91      
,e?iopian1 ,arm5ian1 prote/ants1 c4 ,&  
?is  te/imony we plead1 n m]ely z a     
human te/imony1 mu* less z su*  z is    
cr$ible *iefly = ! m]e p[] 7real or     
pret5d$7 ( !  te/ifi]s2 b z su* z by a  
concurr5ce ( te/imonies &  circum/ances 
ha? 7besides ! tea*]s' au?ority7 !      
evid5ces (  infallible moral c]ta9ty1 9 
! v hi/ory2 z we h ( !  /atutes ( !     
realm4    ,direct4 ,,vi4 ,und]/& :at k9d
 & measure ( ob$i5ce x is t  y owe y\r  
lawful pa/ors1 t y nei!r prove          
s*ismatical &  unruly1 nor yet h a h& 9 

sett+ up idols & usurpations 9 !  *ur*4 
,?is y may le>n f ! =ego+ description ( 
!  pa/or's "w4 ,! k9d ( y\r ob$i5ce is  
comm5surate to ! k9d  ( 8 (fice & "w4 ,y
 are n to obey y\r pa/ors1 z civil      
magi/rates t be> ! sword2 nor z         
physicians1 to tell y :at  y mu/ d = y\r
 heal?2 nor z artific]s1 to comm& y h[  
to  pl\gh1 & s[1 & trade1 c4 7except 9 !
 morality ( ^!72 b  x is z y\r tea*]s & 
guides 9 matt]s ( salvation t y  mu/    
obey !m4#aad ,& t n z prophets or       
lawgiv]s to !  *ur*2 b z ! /at$ (fic]s (
 ,*ri/1 to op5 & apply !  laws t he ha? 
giv51 & det]m9e ( su* circum/ances z are
  subs]vi5t !reunto4 ,n z ^? t h dom9ion
 ( y\r fai?1  or may prea* ano!r gospel1
 or contradict any tru? ( ,god1 :i* by  
,scripture or nature he ha? reveal$1 or 
c disp5se ) any duty  :i* he ha? comm&$2
 b z ^? t h all _! p[] f  ,god1 & = ,god
 & y\r salvation1 & ! good ( o!r m5's   
s\ls2 to edification only1 & n to       
de/ruction3 p>ticul> cases ,i  "h       
purposely =be>4    ,direct4 ,,vii4 ,be  

sure t y look on !m z ! (fic]s ( ,*ri/  
9 all t !y d z su*2 & see n only _!     
natural1 b  _! ecclesia/ical p]sons1 t  
?r\gh !m y may h to d  ) ,god4          
,especially 9 prea*+1 & adm9i/]+ !      
sacram5ts1  & b9d+ ! imp5it5t1 & absolv+
 ! p5it5t1 & com=t+  ! sad & humbl$     
s\ls4 ,all ! hol9ess1 & life1 & p[] (   
y\r spiritual conv]se ) !m consi/e? 9   
y\r see+ &  conv]s+ ) ,god 9 !m1 & us+  
!m z 8 mess5g]s or  (fic]s1 t deliv] 8  
message & d 8 "w1 & n _! own4  ,if y    
disobey !m 9 8 "w1 x is ,god t y        
disobey2 & if  !y tea* y 8 ^w1 or deliv]
 y ,*ri/ & 8 b5efits 9 !  sacram5ts1 x  
is ,*ri/ himself t do? x by !m z 8      
in/rum5ts1 s f> z !y d x accord+ to 8   
commission & 8  w4 ,?is obs]v+ ,*ri/ 9  
_! tea*+ w possess y )  due rev]5ce &   
c>e1 & cause y to d x z a holy "w2 & to 
see ,*ri/ 9 !m1 deliv]+ & seal+ 8       
cov5ant to y1 w  v mu* increase y\r joy2
 :5 man z man is b a %ad[4    ,direct4  
,,viii4 ,make use ( _! help 9 private1 &
 n 9 public  only3 z ! use ( a physician

 is n only to read a lecture (  physic  
to 8 pati5ts1 b to be ready to direct e 
p]son  accord+ to _! p>ticul> case 7!re 
be+ su* v>iety (  temp]atures1 diseases1
 & accid5ts1 t 9 dang]\s cases !        
direction ( ! judici\s is ne$ful 9 !    
application72 s "h1 x  is n ! lea/ ( !  
pa/oral "w1 to ov]see ! individuals1 &  
to give !m p]sonally su* p>ticul> advice
 z _! case  require?4 ,nev] expect t all
 ?y books1 or s]mons1 or pray]s1 or     
m$itations %\ld s]ve ?y turn )\t !      
c\nsel ( ?y pa/ors1  9 great] cases2 = t
 7 b to devise h[ to prove ,god's       
(fic]s ne$less to 8 *ur*4 ,if ?\ be an  
ignorant or unconv]t$  s9n]1 g to !     
m9i/]1 & ask him1 :at ?\ mu/ d to be    
sav$8 & resolve to foll[ 8 s\nd advice4 
,if ?\ be 9 d\bt (  any weighty po9t (  
fai? or godl9ess1 or assault$ p]il\sly  
by  any adv]s>y1 or ne$ 8 advice = ?y   
settl$ peace1 ?y assurance  ( p>don &   
salvation1 & ?y prep>ation = dea?2 g ask
 c\nsel  ( ?y pa/ors1 & receive _! help 
) read9ess &  ?ankfulness3 or if ?\ live

 :]e !re is none t is able &  will+ ?us 
to help !e1 remove to !m t are su*1 if  
lawfully  ?\ can/4    ,direct4 ,,ix4    
,assi/ y pa/ors 9 ! "w ( ,god1 by !     
duties (  y\r places :i* t5d !reto3     
lab\r by y\r holy1 s]i\s  conf]5ce1 to  
in/ruct ! ignorant1 & conv9ce !         
unbeliev+1  & conv]t ! ungodly1 & /r5g!n
 ! weak1 ) :om y h  fit opportunity =   
su* "w4 ,lab\r by y\r holy examples1 by 
love1  & concord1 & meekness1 &         
sobriety1 & contempt ( ! _w1  & a       
heav5ly life1 to %9e z lights 9 ! mid/ (
 a d>k &  crook$ g5]ation4 ,prea* all ( 
y1 by ! examples ( y\r  blameless1      
humble1 holy lives4 ,oh h[ abundantly   
w\ld ?is c\rse  promote ! success ( !   
public prea*+ ( ! gospel6 ,if y  w\ld   
cause ^? m5 to see ! glory & p[] ( !    
gospel 9 y\r  holy & heav5ly lives1 :o  
_c see x 9 itself3 !n _m t  w\ld n be   
won by ! ^w1 might be won )\t x 7to seek
 aft]  x at lea/7 by y\r                
conv]sations4#aae ,?us all mu/ prea* &  
be  help]s ( ! m9i/]s ( ,*ri/4          

,direct4 ,x4 ,=sake n y\r fai?ful pa/ors
 to foll[ deceiv]s2  b adh]e to !m :o   
sp5d & are sp5t = y2 def5d _!  innoc5cy 
aga9/ false accus]s2 & refuse !m n su*  
ma9t5ance  z is ne$ful to _! entire giv+
 up !mselves to t holy "w  to :i* !y are
 devot$4#aaf ,read & /udy well ,eph4 iv4
 #ac-ae2  ,acts xx4 #cj4 ,x is = y\r    
sakes t y\r fai?ful pa/ors are  s+l$ out
 9 ! _w to be> ! sl&]s & contradictions 
(  ! wick$2 & to lead ! way 9 ! fi]y    
trial4 ,if !y w\ld  =sake y1 & t sacr$  
tru? & duty t is ne$ful to y\r          
salvation1 & sell y up into ! h&s (     
cruel & deceitful m51  x 7 z easy = !m  
to h ! applause ( m51 & !  prosp]ity ( !
 _w1 z o!rs3 x is p]fidi\s +ratitude to 
=sake !m 9 trial1 t mu/ lose _! lives & 
all ! _w1  r ?an =sake y or betray y\r  
s\ls2 or to grudge !m food  & raim5t t  
lay by ! ga9ful employm5ts ( ! _w1 t  !y
 may att5d cont9ually on ! s]vice ( y\r 
s\ls4    #hh ,disput4 ii4 ( ,*ur*       
,gov]nm5t1 *ap4 i4 & ,univ]sal ,concord4
    #hi ,( ! diff]5ce betwe5 fix$ &     

unfix$ m9i/]s1 see my  ,disput4 ii4 iii4
 ( ,*ur* ,gov]nm5t1 & ,jos4 ,aco/a lib4 
v4 c4 #ba1  #bb1 de ,missionibus4    #ij
 ,rom4 x4 #g1 #ad2 ,m>k xvi4 #ae2 ,matt4
 xxviii4 #ai1 #bj4    #ia #b ,cor4 v4   
#ai-ba2 ,acts xxvi4 #ag1 #ah2 ,eph4 ii4 
#ai2 ,acts ii4 #cg-dj4    #ib ,tit4 i4  
#g2 #a ,cor4 iv4 #a1 #b2 ,matt4 xxviii4 
#ai1 #bj2 ,acts xx4 #cb2 #a  ,cor4 iii4 
#aa1 #ab4    #ic ,acts xiv4 #bc2 #b     
,tim4 ii4 #b2 ,acts xiii4 #c2 ii4 #da1  
#db2 vi4 #b2 xx4  #g1 #bh2 #a ,tim4 v4  
#ag2 ,titus i4 #e2 ,acts xx4 #cj1 #ca2  
,col4 i4 #bh2 ,eph4 iv4  #aa1 #db2 ,mal4
 ii4 #g2 #a ,tim4 v4 #ag4    #id #a     
,cor4 xiv4 #af1 #bf2 ,acts xx4 #g1 #cf2 
,james v4 #ad2 ,acts vi4 #d2 ii4  #db2  
,phil4 i4 #d2 ,neh4 xi4 #bd2 xi4 #ag2 #a
 ,cor4 xi4 #bd2 x4 #af2 ,heb4 vii4  #g2 
,tit4 ii4 #ae2 i4 #i1 #aa2 #a ,tim4 v4  
#ai2 iii4 #e2 ,tit4 iii4 #aj2 ,matt4    
xviii4 #ag1 #ah2 #a ,cor4 v4 #d1 #aa1   
#ac2 ,eph4 iv4 #ac1 #ad2 ,acts xv4      
#ie ,pr9ces may =ce _! subjects by !    
temporal sword :i* !y  be>3 bi%ops may n

 =ce _! flock ) any corporal or ext]nal 
viol5ce4 ,bilson1 ,*ri/4 ,subjection1 p4
 #ebe4    #if ,dr4 ,hammond ,annot4 q4  
d4 ,! bi%ops ( y\r sev]al *ur*es1 ,i    
exhort--,take c>e ( y\r sev]al *ur*es1 &
 gov]n !m1 n z  secul> rul]s1 by =ce1 b 
z pa/ors d _! %eep1 by call+  & go+ be=e
 !m1 t s !y may foll[ ( _! own accord4  
,if  y w\ld "k ! true nature & ext5t ( !
 bi%op's "w &  (fice1 read c>efully !   
said ,dr4 ,hammond's ,p>aphrase on ,acts
 xx4  #bj1 #bh2 ,heb4 xiii4 #g1 #ag2 #a 
,tim4 v4 #ag2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab2 ,heb4    
xiii42  ,annot4 a4 ,tit4 iii4 #aj2 #a   
,cor4 xii4 #bh2 ,annot4 e4 ,jam4 v4 #ad2
 ,annot4  ,acts xi4 #cj2 ,annot4 b4     
,acts xiv4 #bc4    #ig ,*ryso/4 cit$ by 
,bilson4 p4 #ebe4 ,b if any man w&] f ! 
"r pa? ( ! *ri/ian fai?1 ! pa/or mu/ use
 great pa9s1  c>e1 & pati5ce4 ,= he may 
n be =c$1 nor con/ra9$ )  t]ror1 b only 
p]suad$ to return entirely to !         
tru?4----,a  bi%op _c cure m5 ) su*     
au?ority z a %eph]d do? 8  %eep4--,= (  
all m5 *ri/ian bi%ops may lea/ correct !

 faults  ( m5 by =ce1 p4 #ebf4 ,matt4   
xx4 #bf2 ,m>k x4 #dc4 ,see ,psal4 ciii4 
#ba2  civ4 #d2 ,isa4 xvi4 #f2 ,j]4      
xxxiii4 #ba2 ,joel i4 #i1 #ac2 ii4 #ag2 
#b ,cor4  xi4 #bc2 ,acts xxvi4 #bf2     
,rom4 xv4 #af2 ,eph4 iii4 #g2 ,col4 i4  
#bc1 #be2 #a  ,tim4 iv4 #f2 #a ,!ss4    
iii4 #b2 ,col4 i4 #g4    #ih ,functiones
 9 ecclesia p]petu sunt du1             
,presbyt]orum et  ,diaconorum3          
,presbyt]os voco cum omni ecclesia vet]i
 eos1 qui  ecclesiam pascunt v]bi       
prdicatione1 sacram5tis et clavibus2 qu 
jure div9o sunt individua4 ,grotius de  
,imp]io1 p4 #bfg4 c4 #aj4    #ii ,bi%op 
,j]4 ,taylor ( ,rep5tance1 ,pref4 ,i am 
sure we _c give  acc\nt ( s\ls ( :i* we 
h no notice4    #ajj ,ignat4 ,epis4 ad  
,philad4 ,vid4 ,mead's ,disc4 ( ,*ur*es1
 p4 #dh-ej4    #aja ,t]tull4 de ,coron4 
,milit4 c4 #c4    #ajb ,x is v obs]vable
 t ,aco/a sai?1 l4 vi4 c4 #ab1 t !y     
f\nd x an old cu/om among ! ,indians to 
confess _! s9s to !  prie/s be=e !      
gospel came ?i!r4    #ajc ,see m 9 ,dr4 

,hammond1 ibid4    #ajd ,vid4 ,canon4   
,apo/4 #e4 #cb4 ,et ,concil4 ,antio*4 c4
 #e4 ,et ,concil4  ,c>?ag4 #d4 ,c4 #ce4 
#aje ,vid4 ,j4 ,m>t4 ,apol4 #b4 ,vid4   
,t]tul4 ,apol4 c4 #ci4    #ajf ,i hope  
all ?is w tell y :at a bi%op inde$ is4  
#ajg ,grot4 de ,imp4 p4 #bgc4 ,pa/orum  
e/ ord9>e pa/ores4 ,neque id  (ficium   
eis competit1 qua hujus aut illius      
ecclesi pa/ores sunt1  s$ qua m9i/ri    
ecclesi ca?olic4    #ajh ,see 9 ,grotius
 de ,imp]4 sum4 pote/4 p4 #bfi4 ,!      
necess>y  di/9ction (1 #a4 ,ipsa        
facultas prdic&i sacram5ta et claves    
adm9i/r&i1 quod ,m&atum vocat4 #b4      
,applicatio hujus facultatis ad  c]tam  
p]sonam1 viz4 ,ord9atio4 #c4 ,applicatio
 hujus p]son ad c]tum  ctum et locum1   
viz4 ,electio4 #d4 ,illud quo c]ta      
p]sona 9 c]to  loco m9i/]ium suum ex]cet
 publico prsidio ac publica au?oritate1 
viz4 ,confirmatio1 p4 #bgc4 ,con/at     
mun]is in/itutionem a ,deo esse2        
ord9ationem a pa/oribus1 confirmationem 
publicam a summa pote/ate4  ,s t ! d\bt 

is only ab\t election4 ,:i* yet mu/ be  
diff]5c$ f cons5t4    #aji ,see my      
,disput4 ) him ( ! ,successive          
,visibility ( !  ,*ur*1 p4 #ccf4    #aaj
 ,cyprian4 ,epis4 #fh4 ,plebs obsequ5s  
prceptis dom9icis a  peccatore prposito 
sep>>e se debet4 ,:i* ,grotius de ,imp]4
 p4 #bcj1  cit+ sai?1 ,jub5tur enim     
s+uli1 multo magis univ]si1 cav]e       
prophetas falsos1 ali5um pa/orem fug]e1 
ab iis decl9>e qui  dissidia faciunt et 
(f5sas contra doctr9am4 #b4 ,imp]atur   
fidelibus  famili>em eorum consuetud9em 
decl9>e1 qui fratres1 c4 #b ,cor4 v42   
,rom4 xvi4 #ag2 ,john x42 #b ,tim4 iii4 
#f2 #b ,!ss4 iii4 #f1 #ad2 #b ,cor4 iv4 
#c1 #d4    #aaa ,satan or _! own worldly
 advantages1 sai? ,dr4 ,hammond4 ,dan4  
i4 #ab1 #ac2 ,ezek4 iv4 #ab1 #ae4 ,read 
c4 iii4 ,aco/a excell5tly rebuk+  !     
neglig5ce ( _! prie/s t taught !        
,indians ! cate*ism  idly1 & )\t        
explication1 or call+ !m to acc\nt ab\t 
!  s5se1 & !n laid all ! fault on !     
blocki%ness ( ! p1  :5 ,tota cate*iz5di 

ratio erat umbratilis1 et ludicr        
similis3 ego  v]o 7inquit7 si hom9es    
+5io ac]rimo1 et disc5di p]cupidi tales 
prceptores nacti ess5t1 nihil aliud quam
 ut duplo ignoratiores  evad]5t1 doc]i  
i/o modo arbitr>]4 ,olim 9 symbolo      
addisc5do et  intellig5do1 my/]iisque   
fidei agnosc5dis viri +5io pr/antes  et 
lit]atura celebres1 diu 9 cate*um5orum  
ord9e t5ebantur1 cum  ecclesia/ica      
discipl9a vig]et2 neque ante ad fidei   
sacram5tum  admittebantur1 quam multas  
ab episcopo de symbolo conciones        
audiss5t1  diu et multum cum cate*i/a   
contuliss5t2 po/ quas omnes curas et    
m$itationes1 magnum erat si recta       
s5tir5t1 cons5tanea  respond]5t1 c4 ,&  
he adde?1 p4 #cfj1 ,equidem sic op9or1  
neque ab  ea op9ione avelli unquam      
pot]o1 qu9 pessimo prceptori omnes esse 
auditores hebetes cr$am4 ,a bad tea*]   
ha? always bad s*ol>s4 ,ev5  9 ! ,roman 
*ur* h[ little _! au?ority c d aga9/    
pr(an5ess & neglig5ce1 ! same ,aco/a    
%[e?1 l4 #f4 c4 #b4 p4  #eai4 ,cum 9    

prov9ciali concilio ,lim5si ab omnibus  
,p]u5sibus  episcopis ct]isque gravibus 
viris ad ea vitia em5d5da multum op]  et
 /udii collatum sit1 atque edita ext5t  
egregia decreta de  re=matione p]multa1 
nihil tam5 amplius p]fectum e/1 quam si 
ab  otiosis nautis de republica mod]&a  
consultatum esset4 ,bonific4  ,mogunt4  
,ep4 iii4 m5tione? x z ! error ( a      
new-sprung sect1 t  he9\s s9n]s ev5 s   
cont9u+ may be prie/s4 ,& ,ep4 lxxiii4 x
  is said1 ,no man may be made a prie/1 
t ha? s9n$ mortally aft]  baptism1 &1   
,si iis qui tam 9 episcopatu vel        
presbyt]io positus  mortale peccatum    
aliquod admis]it1 non debet (f]re panes 
,dom9o1  quanto magis pati5t] retrahat  
se ab hoc non tam honore quam on]e1  et 
aliorum locum qui digni sunt non ambiat 
occup>e4 ,qui enim 9  erudi5dis et      
in/itu5dis ad virtutem populis pre/1    
necesse e/1 ut  9 omnibus sanctus sit1  
et 9 nullo repreh5sibilis habeatur4 ,qui
 enim  aliquem de peccato arguit1 ipse a
 peccato debet esse immunis4 ,auct4     

,bib4 ,pat4 ,tom4 ii4 p4 #ha4 ,if !re 7 
some:at too mu* /rictness  9 ! anci5t   
exclusion ( !m t he9\sly s9n$ aft]      
baptism  f ! prie/hood1 let u n be z mu*
 too loose4    #aab ,e/ enim mirabilis  
qudam cont9uatio s]iesque r]um1 ut alia 
ex alia nexa1 et omnes int] se apt      
colligatque videantur4 ,cic4 ,de        
,natur4 ,deor4 pag4 #f4    #aac ,by all 
?is x is easy to ga!r :e!r a pa/or may d
 8  "w p] alium4 ,sai? ,grotius de ,imp4
 p4 #bij1 #bia1 ,nam illud quod  quis p]
 alium facit p] se fac]e videtur ad eas 
duntaxat p]t9et  actiones qu>um causa   
effici5s proxima a jure indef9ita e/4   
,yet  p %\ld lab\r aft] su* maturity &  
/$fa/ness1 t !y  might be able to /& if 
_! pa/ors be dead or tak5 f !m by       
p]secution1 yea1 or =sake ! tru?        
!mselves4 ,victor4 ,utic4 sai?  ( ! p 9 
,africa :5 _! pa/ors 7 bani%$1 & o!rs   
might n be orda9$ 9 _! /eads3 ,int] hc  
tam5 ,dei populus 9  fide consi/5s1 ut  
exam9a apum c]eas dificantia mansiones1 
cresc5do melleis fidei claviculis       

firmabatur4 ,quanto magis               
affligebantur1 tanto magis              
multiplicabantur4 ,victor4 p4 #chb4     
#aad ,we may n (f] any viol5ce1 b only  
p]suade3 we h n s  great au?ority giv5 u
 by ! laws1 z to repress (f5d]s2 & if  x
 7 lawful = u s to d1 we h no use ( any 
su* viol5t  p[]3 = t ,*ri/ cr[ne? !m :i*
 ab/a9 f s91 n ( a  =c$1 b ( a will+ m9d
 & purpose4 ,*rys4 citante ,bilson (    
,subjection1 p4 #ebf4 ,et ibid4 ex      
,hil>4 ,if ?is viol5ce 7 us$ =  ! true  
fai?1 ! doctr9e ( bi%ops w\ld be aga9/  
x3 ,god  ne$e? no =c$ s]vice4 ,he       
require? no con/ra9$ confession4 ,i  _c 
receive any man b him t is will+3 ,i _c 
give e>1 b  to him t entreate?1 c4 ,ita 
et ,orig54 ibid4 citat4 #b ,cor4 i4 #bd2
  ,gal4 i4 #g1 #h2 #b ,cor4 x4 #h2 xiii4
 #aj4    #aae ,acts xviii4 #bd1 #bf1    
#bg2 ,rom4 xvi4 #c2 ,john iii4 #h2 ,eph4
 iv4 #bi2 #a  ,pet4 iv4 #aa2 ,phil4 ii4 
#ae2 ,matt4 v4 #af2 #a ,pet4 iii4 #a1   
#b2 #b ,pet4 iii4  #aa3 #a ,pet4 i4 #ae1
 #af2 ii4 #ab2 ,heb4 iii4 #ac2 ,heb4 x4 

#bd4    #aaf #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab1 #ac2 #b   
,tim4 ii4 #aj2 #b ,cor4 iv4 #ae2 #a     
,!ss4 iii4  #i2 i4 #e2 ,matt4 xxvi4 #ef2
 #b ,tim4 iv4 #af2 ,gal4 vi4 #f1 #aj2 #a
 ,cor4 ix42  ,col4 i4 #bd4              
,,*apt] ,,vii4    ,,directions ,,= ,,!  
,,discov]y ,,( ,,! ,,tru? ,,among       
,,cont5d]s1 ,,& ,,!  ,,escape ,,(       
,,h]esy ,,& ,,deceit4      ,?\gh tru? be
 naturally ! object ( man's und]/&+1 to 
:i*  x ha? a c]ta9 incl9ation1 & ?\gh x 
be a delightful ?+ to  "k ! tru?2#aag   
yet t :i* is sav+ meete? ) s mu*        
opposition 9 ! fle%1 & 9 ! _w1 t :ile x 
is applaud$  9 ! g5]al1 x is resi/$ &   
reject$ 9 p>ticul>s2 & yet  :ile ! use (
 holy tru? is hat$ & ob/9ately ca/ away1
 !  "n & ! b>r5 pr(ession ( x is made ! 
matt] ( !  glory+ ( hypocrites1 & !     
occasion ( reproa*+ diss5t]s z  h]etics1
 & ! _w is fill$ ) bloody p]secutions1 &
  inhuman1 implacable enmities &        
divisions1 by a wond]ful zeal =  ! "n ( 
tru?1 ev5 by ^? m5 t w r v5ture on      
damnation1 ?an !y w obey ! tru? :i* !y s

 cont5d =4  ,multitudes ( m5 h torm5t$  
or murd]$ o!rs z h]etics1 :o  !mselves  
mu/ be torm5t$ 9 hell = n be+ *ri/ians4 
,x  conc]ne? u !re=e to deal v wisely & 
cautel\sly 9 ?is  bus9ess4    ,direct4  
,i4 ,take he$ le/ !re be any c>nal      
int]e/ or lu/ :i*  make? y unwill+ to   
receive ! tru?1 or incl9e? y to error1  
t x may s]ve t int]e/ or lu/4 ,x is no  
small numb] ( m5  t are /rang]s or      
enemies to ! tru?1 n because !y _c      
atta9 ! k ( x1 b because !y w\ld n h x  
to be  tru?4 ,& m5 ( great le>n+ &      
natural p>ts are frequ5tly ?us  deceiv$ 
& l$ into error by a naughty1 c>nal1    
biass$ he>t2  ei!r because t error is ! 
vulg> op9ion1 & necess>y to  ma9ta9 _!  
popul> reputation1 & avoid reproa*2 or  
because x  is ! way ( m5 9 p[]1 &       
necess>y to _! pref]m5t &  greatness 9 !
 _w2 or because ! tru? is contr>y to _! 
fle%ly lu/s & pleasures1 or contr>y to  
_! hon\r & worldly  int]e/1 & w\ld haz>d
 _! reputations or _! lives4 ,h[ lo?  is
 a s5sual1 ungodly man to believe t )\t 

hol9ess none %all  see ,god1 & t he t is
 9 ,*ri/ is a new creature1 & t  if any 
man h n ! ,_s ( ,*ri/1 ! same is none ( 
81 &  t if !y live aft] ! fle% !y %all  
die6#aah ,h[ lo? is  ! ambiti\s m9i/] to
 believe t ! way ( ,*ri/'s s]vice  lie? 
n 9 worldly pomp1 or ease1 or pleasures2
 b 9 tak+ up !  cross & foll[+ ,*ri/ 9  
self-d5ial1 & 9 be+ z ! s]vant  ( all1 9
 ! unwe>i$ p]=mance ( c>eful ov]sight & 
compassionate exhortations unto all !   
flock6 ,let a controv]sy be  rais$ ab\t 
any ( ^! po9ts1 & ! m9d ( lazy1 ambiti\s
 m5  do? pres5tly fall 9 ) t "p :i*     
gratifie? _! fle%ly  lu/s1 & excuse? !m 
f t toilsome way ( duty :i* !y  already 
hate4 ,! secret lu/s & vices ( a false1 
hypocritical  he>t1 are ! commone/ & !  
p[]fule/ argum5ts = error2 &  su* m5 are
 glad1 t great m5 or le>n$ m5 w give s  
mu*  ease to _! consci5ces1 & %elt] to  
_! reputations1 z to  c\nt5ance1 or make
 a controv]sy at lea/ ( t :i* _! lu/s   
desire to be true4 ,above all !re=e see 
t y come n to  inquire aft] tru? ) an   

unsanctifi$ he>t1 & unmortifi$ lu/s1    
:i* are a bias to y\r m9ds1 & make y w>p
 f ! tru? :i*  y inquire aft]2 = if !   
c>nal m9d nei!r is nor c be  subject to 
! law ( ,god1 y may easily p]ceive t x w
 be  lo? to believe x2 :5 9 s do+ !y    
believe _! own  condemnation4 ,an hone/1
 sanctifi$ he>t is fitte/ to ent]ta9 !  
tru?4    ,direct4 ,,ii4 ,seek aft] !    
tru? = ! love ( tru?1 & love x          
especially = its special use1 z x =me? !
 he>t & life to  ! image & w ( ,god2 & n
 = ! fanciful delight (  kn[+2 mu* less 
= c>nal1 worldly ends4#aai ,no means are
 us$ at  all z means1 :]e ! end is n    
fir/ det]m9$ (4 ,& to d !  same ?+      
mat]ially to ano!r end1 is n inde$ to d 
! same2  = !reby x is made ano!r ?+4    
,y\r physician w come to y  if y seek to
 him z a physician2 b n if y s5d to him 
to m5d  y\r %oes4 ,s if y seek k = !    
true ends ( k1  to fill y\r he>ts ) !   
love ( ,god1 & guide y\r lives 9        
hol9ess & righte\sness1 ,god is engag$  
to help y 9 ! se>*4  ,b if y seek x only

 = to please y\r pride or fancy1 no     
wond]  if y miss ( x2 & x is no great   
matt] :e!r y f9d x or  n1 = any good x  
is l to d y4 ,e tru? ( ,god is  appo9t$ 
to be 8 in/rum5t1 to d "s holy "w ^u y\r
 he>t3  let ! love ( hol9ess be x t     
make? y se>* aft] tru?1 &  !n y may     
expect t ,god %\ld be y\r tea*]4        
,direct4 ,,iii4 ,seek aft] tru? )\t too 
great or too small reg>d  to ! judgm5t (
 o!rs2 nei!r contemn !m1 nor be         
captivat$ to  !m4 ,use ! help ( ! wise2 
b give n up y\r reason absolutely  to   
any4 ,engage n y\rselves 9 a p>ty1 s z  
to esp\se _!  errors1 or implicitly to  
believe :atev] !y say2 = ?is bre$e?  9 y
 a secret desire to please y\r p>ty1 &  
int]e/e? y 9  _! divid+ int]e/1 & make? 
y betray ! tru? to be  acc\nt$ or?odox  
by ^? y value4#abj    ,direct4 ,,iv4    
,take he$ ( pride1 :i* w make y dote ^u 
y\r  own conceits1 & cause y to slight !
 weightie/ reasons t are  br\ght by     
o!rs1 = y\r conviction4 ,& if once y h  
esp\s$  an error1 x w engage all y\r    

wit1 & zeal1 & dilig5ce to  ma9ta9 x2 x 
w make y un*>itable & furi\s aga9/ all  
t cross y 9 y\r way2 & s make y ei!r    
p]secutors1 7if  y /& on ! high] gr\nd17
 or sect lead]s1 or *ur* divid]s1  &    
turbul5t & c5sori\s1 if y are on ! l[]  
gr\nd4 ,!re is  v great reason 9 ,paul's
 advice = ! *oice ( a bi%op1 #a ,tim4   
iii4 #f1 ,n a novice2 le/ be+ lift$ up )
 pride he fall into  ! condemnation ( ! 
devil4 ,x is no m wond] to see a pr\d   
man errone\s1 & 9 ! confid5ce ( 8 own   
und]/&+1 to rage  aga9/ all t tell him  
he is mi/ak51 ?an to he> a drunk5 man   
boa/+ ( 8 wit1 to ! increase ( 8 %ame4  
,direct4 ,v4 ,take he$ ( slo?fulness1 & 
impati5ce 9 se>*+  aft] tru?1 & ?9k n to
 f9d x 9 difficult cases1 )\t bo?  h>d &
 pati5t /udies1 & rip5ess ( und]/&+ to  
enable y  !re92 & suspect all op9ions   
:i* are ! (fspr+ ( idl5ess  & ease1     
:atev] div9e illum9ation !y may pret5d  
7except z y  take !m f o!rs ^u tru/ 79 a
 slo?ful way7 :o atta9$ !m  by dilig5t  
/udies74 ,= ,god t ha? call$ m5 to      

lab\r1 do? use  to give 8 bless+ to !   
labori\s4 ,& he t ha? said by 8  ,_s1 #a
 ,tim4 iv4 #ae1 ,m$itate ^u ^! ?+s2 give
 ?yself  :olly to !m1 t ?y pr(it+ may   
appe> to all1 do?  accord+ly cause ^? m5
 to pr(it1 :o seek x 9 ?is labori\s  way
 ( 8 appo9tm5t2 & he t ha? said1 ,!     
desire ( !  slo?ful kille? him1 do? n   
use to bless ! slo?ful ) 8  tea*+s4 ,he 
t w say to him 9 judgm5t1 ,?\ wick$ &   
slo?ful s]vant1 w n enc\rage !          
slo?fulness :i* he  condemne?4#aba ,my  
son1 if ?\ wilt receive my words1 & hide
 my  comm&m5ts ) !e2 s t ?\ incl9e ?9e  
e> unto wisdom1  & apply ?9e he>t to    
und]/&+2 yea1 if ?\ crie/ aft]  k1 &    
lifte/ up ?y voice = und]/&+2 if ?\     
seeke/  h] z silv]1 & se>*e/ = h] z =   
hid treasures2 !n %alt  ?\ und]/& ! fe> 
( ! ,"l1 & f9d ! k ( ,god3  = ! ,"l     
give? wisdom1 ,prov4 ii4 #a-f4 ,m>k "h  
to :om ,god  give? wisdom3 all ! godly  
are taught ( ,god2 b m>k "h h[ x  is t  
he tea*e? !m4 ,n :ile !y scorn at /udies
 &  univ]sities1 & look t _! k %\ld co/ 

!m no?+1  or t ! ,_s %\ld be in/ead (   
s]i\s /udies1 or t _!  und]/&+s %\ld    
disc]n :at is true or false at ! fir/   
appe>ance2 b :ile !y ?9k no pa9s or     
pati5ce too great to  le>n ! tru? 9 !   
s*ool ( ,*ri/4    ,direct4 ,,vi4 ,keep  
out passion f y\r disputes1 & 9 !       
managem5t ( all y\r controv]sies 9      
religion4 ,= ?\gh passion  be useful bo?
 antec$5tly to ! resolution ( ! w1 &    
consequ5tly to ! effectual execution (  
its resolutions1 yet x is  commonly a v 
great s$uc] ( ! und]/&+1 & /rangely     
bl9de? & p]v]te? ! judgm5t2#abb s t a   
passionate man is  seldom s f> f ! tru?1
 z :5 he is mo/ confid5t he is  def5d+  
x4 ,:5 passion ha? done boil+1 & ! he>t 
is  cool$1 & leave? ! judgm5t to d its  
"w )\t any clam\r or  di/urbance1 x is  
/range to see h[ ?+s w appe> to y to be 
q ( ano!r t5d5cy & reason1 ?an 9 y\r    
passion y  e/eem$ !m4    ,direct4 ,,vii4
 ,keep up a s5se ( ! evil & dang] ( bo? 
extremes2 & be n s :olly int5t ^u !     
avoid+ ( "o  extreme1 z to be fe>less ( 

! o!r4 ,! n>r[ m9ds (  unexp]i5c$ m5 are
 h>dly br\ght to look on bo? sides !m1 &
  to be duly s5sible ( ! dang] ( bo?    
extremes2 b :ile !y are  tak5 up only ) 
! hat+ & oppos+ "o sort ( errors1 !y    
=get ^? on ! o!r side4 ,& usually ! s9  
or error :i* we  obs]ve n1 is m dang]\s 
to u ?an t :i* we d obs]ve 7if  ! w9d ( 
temptation set t way74    ,direct4      
,,viii4 ,:5 y detect any anci5t error or
 corruption1  inquire into its orig9al2 
& see :e!r re=mation consi/ n  r 9 a    
re/itution ( ! primitive /ate1 ?an 9 an 
extirpation  ( ! :ole4 ,ev5 9 pop]y     
itself !re are _m errors & ill  cu/oms1 
:i* are b ! corruption ( "s weighty     
tru?1 & !  deg5]at+ ( "s duty ( ,god's  
appo9tm5t2 & to r$uce all1 9  su* cases1
 to ! primitive v]ity1 is ! way ( wise &
 true  re=mation2 & n to ?r[ away t :i* 
is ,god's1 because x is  fall5 into !   
dirt ( human depravation4 ,b 9 cases :]e
 all is  bad1 !re all mu/ be reject$4   
,direct4 ,,ix4 ,pret5d n to tru? &      
or?odoxness aga9/ *ri/ian  love & peace2

 & s foll[ tru?1 z t y lose n love &    
peace by x2 z mu* z 9 y lie?1 live      
peaceably ) all m51  ,rom4 xii4 #ah4    
,*>ity is ! end ( tru?1 #a ,cor4 xiii4 &
 x is a  mad use ( means1 to use !m     
aga9/ ! end4 ,make sure ( !  s9c]ity (  
y\r *>ity1 & hold x fa/2 & !n no error t
  y hold w be de/ructive to y3 b if y "k
 m ?an o!rs1  & use y\r k to ! weak5+ ( 
y\r love1 y are b 7z  our fir/ p>5ts7   
deceiv$ & de/roy$ by a desire ( fle%ly1 
uneffectual k4 ,su* k puffe? up1 b *>ity
  edifie?1 #a ,cor4 viii4 #a4 ,to cont5d
 = tru?1 to ! loss ( love  9 y\rselves1 
& ! de/ruction ( x among o!rs1 is b to  
*oke  y\rselves ) excell5t food1 & to   
imitate t or?odox1 ca?olic  physician1 t
 glori$ t he kill$ 8 pati5ts secundem   
artem1  by ! mo/ accurate me?od &       
excell5t rules ( art t m5 c\ld  die by4 
,direct4 ,x4 ,pret5d no tru? aga9/ ! p[]
 & practice (  godl9ess4#abc ,= ?is also
 is its prop] end2 if x be n tru?  t is 
accord+ to godl9ess1 x is no tru? wor?y 
our seek+ or  cont5d+ =4 ,& if x be     

contr>y to godl9ess 9 itself1 x is no   
tru? at all2 !re=e if x be us$ aga9/    
godl9ess1 x is us$  contr>y to ! ends ( 
tru?4 ,^? m5 t suppress or h9d] !  means
 ( k1 & hol9ess1 & concord1 &           
edification1 "u  pret5ce ( secur+1      
def5d+1 or propagat+ ! or?odox belief1  
w f9d "o day1 t ,god w give !m z little 
?anks = _!  bl9d1 prepo/]\s zeal = tru?1
 z a t5d] fa!r w\ld d to a  physician1 t
 kill$ 8 *ildr5 because !y di/a/$ or    
spit out  8 m$ic9es4 ,x is usually a    
pitiful def5ce ( tru? t is made  by !   
enemies ( godl9ess4      ,m ne> &       
p>ticul> ,directions aga9/ ,error4      
,direct4 ,i4 ,beg9 at ! greate/1 mo/    
evid5t1 c]ta91 &  necess>y tru?s1 & s   
proce$ ord]ly to ! k ( ! less1  by !    
help ( ^!3#abd z y climb by ! body ( !  
tree unto  ! bran*es4 ,if y beg9 at ^?  
tru?s1 :i* spr+ out (  great] common    
tru?s1 & "k n ! premises1 :ile y plead =
  ! conclusion1 y abuse y\r reason1 &   
lose ! tru? & y\r  lab\r bo?3 = !re is  
no way to ! bran*es b by asc5d+ f  !    

/ock4 ,! pr9ciples well laid1 mu/ be y\r
 help to all y\r  foll[+ k4    ,direct4 
,,ii4 ,! two fir/ ?+s :i* y are to le>n 
are1 :at  man is1 & :at ,god is3 !      
nature & relation ( ! two p>ties1  is ! 
fir/ ?+ to be kn[n 9 ord] to ! k ( !    
cov5ant itself1 & all foll[+            
transactions betwe5 ,god &  man4#abe ,"o
 error "h w introduce abundance4 ,a ?\s&
 o!r  po9ts ( natural philosophy y may  
safely be ignorant (2 b if y  "k n :at  
man is1 :at reason is1 :at natural      
free-w is1 &  :at ! inf]ior s5sitive    
faculties are1 z to _! uses1 x w  lay y 
op5 to innum]able errors4 ,9 ! nature ( 
man1 y mu/ see  ! f\ndation ( 8         
relations unto ,god3 & if y "k n ^?     
great relations1 ! duties ( :i* mu/ take
 up all our lives1 y  may easily =esee !
 consequ5ts ( su* ignorance or error4 ,s
 if  y "k n :at ,god is1 & :at 8        
relations to u are1 s f> z  is necess>y 
to our liv+ 9 ! duties ( ^? relations1 !
  consequ5ts ( y\r ignorance w be sad4  
,if le>n$ m5 be b  p]v]t$ 9 _!          

appreh5sions ( "s "o attribute ( ,god1  
7z  ^? t ?9k 8 goodness is no?+ b 8     
b5ignity1 or  pron5ess to d good1 or t  
he is a necess>y ag5t1 do+ good ad      
ultimum posse1 c47 :at abundance (      
horrid & impi\s consequ5ts  w foll[6    
,direct4 ,,iii4 ,hav+ s\ndly und]/ood   
bo? ^! & o!r  pr9ciples ( religion1 try 
all ! subsequ5t tru?s h]eby1 &  receive 
no?+ z tru? t is c]ta9ly inconsi/5t )   
any (  ^! pr9ciples4#abf ,ev5 pr9ciples 
t are n ( s5se1 may be  disput$ till !y 
are well receiv$2 & ) ^? t h n  receiv$ 
!m3 b aft]w>ds !y are n to be call$ 9   
"q2  = !n y w\ld nev] proce$ nor build  
high]1 if y w /&  que/ion+ all y\r      
gr\nds4 ,inde$ no tru? is inconsi/5t )  
any  o!r tru?3 b yet :5 two d>k or      
d\btful po9ts are comp>$  toge!r1 x is  
h>d to "k :i* ( !m to reject4 ,b "h x is
  easy2 no?+ t contradicte? ! true      
nature ( ,god or man1 or any  pr9ciple1 
mu/ be held4    ,direct4 ,,iv4 ,believe 
no?+ :i* c]ta9ly contradicte? ! end (   
all religion4 ,if x be ( a natural or   

necess>y t5d5cy to  ungodl9ess1 aga9/ ! 
love ( ,god1 or aga9/ a holy & heav5ly  
m9d & conv]sation1 x _c be tru?1 :atev] 
x pret5d4    ,direct4 ,v4 ,be sure to   
di/+ui% well betwixt reveal$ &          
unreveal$ ?+s3 & be=e y dispute any "q1 
se>* fir/  :e!r ! resolution be reveal$ 
or n3 & if x be n1 lay x  by2 & take x z
 "p ( y\r necess>y submission1 to be    
ignorant  ( :at ,god w\ld h y ignorant1 
z x is "p ( y\r ob$i5ce  to lab\r to "k 
:at ,god w\ld h y "k4 ,& :5 "s ?+s      
unreveal$ are mix$ 9 ! controv]sy1 take 
out ^? & lay !m  by1 be=e y g any fur!r1
 & see t ! resolution ( ! re/  be n laid
 ^u !m1 nor twi/$ ) !m1 to entangle !   
:ole 9  unc]ta9ty or confusion4#abg ,?us
 ,god in/ruct$ ,job1 by conv9c+  him ( 8
 ignorance1 & %[+ him h[ _m ?+s 7 pa/ 8 
k4#abh ,?us ,*ri/ in/ruct$ ,nicodemus   
ab\t ! "w (  reg5]ation1 s z to let him 
"k t ?\gh ! necessity ( x  mu/ be kn[n1 
yet ! mann] ( ! ,_s's accesses to ! s\l 
_c be kn[n1 ,john iii4 #g1 #h4 ,& ,paul 
9 8 disc\rse ( election  takes notice ( 

! unse>*able dep?s1 & ! creature's      
unfitness  to dispute ) ,god1 ,rom4 ix4 
,:5 y f9d any disputes ab\t             
pr$et]m9ation or pr$e/9ation resolv$    
into su* po9ts z ^!3  ,:e!r ,god d by   
physical1 premov+ influx1 or by         
conc\rse1 or by  moral op]ation ut f9is1
 det]m9e or specify moral acts ( man8   
,:e!r a positive decree quoad actum be  
necess>y to ! negation  ( effects 7z t  
su* a "o %all n h grace giv5 him1 or be 
conv]t$ or sav$2 t all ! millions (     
possible p]sons1 names1  & ?+s %all n be
 future78 ,:at und]/&+1 w1 or p[]  are  
=mally 9 ,god8 ,h[ he kn[e? future      
cont+5ts8 ) a hundr$  su* l2 !n rememb] 
t y make use ( ?is rule1 & say )        
,moses1 ,deut4 xxix4 #bi1 ,! secret ?+s 
belong to ! ,"l our ,god1  b ^? ?+s t   
are reveal$ unto u & to our *ildr5 =    
ev]1 t we may d all ! words ( 8 law4    
,!re are _m r>e1  pr(\nd discov]ies mu* 
glori$ ( by ! ma/]s ( sev]al sects1  (  
:i* y may "k ! s5t5ce ( ! ,holy ,gho/1  
by t  in/ance1 ,col4 ii4 #ah1 ,let no   

man beguile y ( y\r rew>d1 9 a  volunt>y
 humility & wor%ipp+ ( angels1 intrud+  
into ^?  ?+s :i* he ha? n se51 va9ly    
puff$ up by 8 fle%ly m9d4  ,rev]5tly    
)draw f ?+s t are unreveal$1 & dispute  
!m  n4    ,direct4 ,,vi4 ,be a c>eful & 
accurate 7?\gh n a va97  di/+ui%]2 &    
suff] n ambiguity & confusion to deceive
 y4  ,suspect e ^w 9 y\r "q1 & anatomize
 x1 & agree ^u  ! s5se ( all y\r common 
t]ms1 be=e y dispute ) any  adv]s>y4 ,x 
is n only 9 _m words1 b 9 "o ^w or      
syllable  t s mu* ambiguity & confusion 
may be conta9$1 z may make a  long      
dispute to be b a va9 & ridicul\s       
wrangl+4#abi ,is x n  a ridicul\s       
bus9ess to he> m5 dispute _m h\rs ab\t !
 cur  cr$is1 & into :at fai? is to be   
resolv$2 & 9 ! end come to  und]/&1 t by
 cur "o ( !m speaks ( ! pr9cipium or    
causa v]itatis1 & ! o!r ( ! pr9cipium   
patefactionis1 or  ! evid5tia v]itatis1 
or "s o!r cause8 ,& :5 "o speaks (  !   
resolution ( 8 fai? z into ! =mal       
object1 & ano!r  into ! subs]vi5t       

te/imony or means1 or into ! pro(s (    
div9e  atte/ation1 or _m o!r causes8 ,or
 to he> m5 dispute1 ,:e!r  ,*ri/ di$ =  
all2 :5 by = "o man meane? = ! b5efit ( 
all1 & ano!r means 9 ! place or /ead (  
all1 or = ! s9s  ( all z ! procur+      
cause1 c48 ,yet "h is b a syllable to   
conta9 ?is confusion6 ,:at a t$i\s ?+ is
 x to read long  disputes betwe5 _m     
papi/s & prote/ants1 ab\t ju/ification1 
:ile by ju/ification "o meane? "o ?+1 & 
ano!r meane?  q ano!r ?+6 ,he t _c =ce e
 ^w to make a pla9  confession ( its    
prop] signification1 t ! ?+ int5d$ may  
be  truly disc]n$ 9 ! ^w1 he w b deceive
 himself & o!rs1  ) a wordy1            
insignificant dispute4    ,direct4      
,,vii4 ,!re=e be specially suspici\s (  
metaphors2 z  be+ all b ambiguities till
 an explication ha? fix$ or det]m9$  !  
s5se4 ,x is a noisome ?+ to he> "s      
dispute ^u an  unexpla9$ metaphorical   
^w1 :5 nei!r ( !m h enucleat$  ! s5se1 &
 :5 !re are prop] words en[4    ,direct4
 ,,viii4 ,take special notice ( :at k9d 

( be+s y\r  inquiry or disputation is1 &
 let y\r t]ms be adapt$ &  int]pret$    
accord+ to ! k9d ( be+s y dispute (4 ,z 
if y  be inquir+ into ! nature ( any    
grace1 z fai?1 rep5tance1  ob$i5ce1 c4  
rememb] t x is 9 g5]e moris1 a moral    
act2 &  !re=e ! t]ms are n to be        
und]/ood z if y disput$ ab\t  m]e       
physical acts1 :i* are consid]$ b 9 g5]e
 entis4 ,=  t object :i* mu/ ess5tiate  
"o moral act1 conta9e? _m  physical     
p>ticles1 :i* w make up _m physical     
acts4#acj ,if y  take su* a man = y\r   
k+1 y\r comm&]1 y\r ma/]1 y\r           
physician1 c4 if y %\ld at ! b>1 :5 y   
are que/ion$ =  unfai?fulness1 dispute  
^u ! ^w take1 :e!r x be an act (  !     
fantasy1 or s5se1 or intellect1 or w1 c4
 w\ld y n be  ju/ly laugh$ at8 ,s :5 y  
ask1 ,:at act fai? or rep5tance is8  :i*
 conta9 _m p>ticul> physical acts4 ,:5 y
 dispute (  div9ity1 policy1 law1 w>1 c4
 y mu/ n use ! same t]ms 9 !  same s5se1
 z :5 y dispute ( physics1 or           
metaphysics4    ,direct4 ,,ix4 ,be sure 

9 all y\r disputes t y /ill keep        
di/+ui%$ be=e y\r eyes1 ! ord] ( be+1 & 
! ord] (  kn[+3 t ! que/ions de esse ly+
 undet]m9$ 9 y\r way1  d n fru/rate all 
y\r dispute ab\t ! "q de cognosc]e4  ,z 
9 ! "q1 ,:e!r a man %\ld d su* or su* a 
?+1 :5  he ?9ke? t x is ,god's comm&8   
,h[ f> consci5ce mu/ be  obey$8 ,x mu/  
fir/ be det]m9$ de esse1 :e!r inde$ !   
?+ be comm&$ or lawful1 or n8 be=e !    
case c be  det]m9$ ab\t ! obligation t  
foll[e? my appreh5sion4 ,=1  :atev] my  
consci5ce or op9ion say ( x1 ! ?+ ei!r  
is  lawful or x is n3 if x be lawful1 or
 a duty1 ! case is soon  decid$2 b if x 
be n lawful1 ! error ( my consci5ce     
alt]e?  n ,god's law1 nor w x make x    
lawful unto me4 ,i am b\nd fir/ to  "k &
 !n to d :at ,god reveale? & comm&$e?2 &
 ?is ,i  %all be b\nd to1 :atev] ,i     
imag9e to ! contr>y2 & to lay by  !     
error :i* is aga9/ x4    ,direct4 ,x4   
,be sure :5 y fir/ ent] ^u an inquiry or
 dispute1  t y well discov] h[ mu* ( !  
controv]sy is v]bal de  nom9e1 & h[ mu* 

is mat]ial de re2#aca & t y suff]  n y\r
 adv]s>y to g on ^u a false supposition1
 t !  controv]sy is de re1 :5 x is b de 
nom9e4 ,! diff]5ce  betwe5 names & ?+s  
is s wide1 t y w\ld ?9k no  reasonable  
man %\ld conf\nd !m3 & yet s he$less 9  
?is po9t  are ord9>y disput]s1 t x is a 
usual ?+ to make a great deal  ( /ir    
ab\t a controv]sy be=e !y disc]n :e!r x 
be de  nom9e or de re4 ,_m a hot & long 
dispute ,i h he>d1 :i*  0 manag$ z ab\t 
! v he>t ( "s mat]ial cause1 7z ab\t    
man's p[] to d good1 or ab\t !          
suffici5cy ( grace1 or ab\t             
ju/ification1 c47 :5 ! :ole conte/      
betwe5 ! disput]s 0  only or pr9cipally 
de nom9e1 & nei!r ( !m seem$ to take    
notice ( x4 ,be sure z soon z y p]use ! 
t]ms ( y\r  "q1 to sift ?is ?or\ghly1 & 
dispute v]bal controv]sies  b z v]bal1 &
 n z real & mat]ial4 ,we h real         
diff]5ces  en[3 we ne$ n make !m seem m 
by su* a bl9d or he$less  mann] (       
disput+4#acb    ,direct4 ,,xi4 ,suff] n 
a rambl+ m9d 9 /udy1 nor a rambl+  talk]

 9 disputes1 to int]rupt y\r ord]ly     
proc$ure1 & div]t  y f y\r argum5t be=e 
y br+ x to ! natural issue4 ,b  deceiv+ 
sophi/]s1 & giddy-head$ prat]s1 w be    
viol5t to  />t ano!r game1 & spoil !    
*ase ( ! po9t be=e y3 b  hold !m to x1  
or take !m to be unwor?y to be disput$  
)1 &  let !m g 7except x be :]e !       
weakness ( ! auditors require?  y to    
foll[ !m 9 _! wild-goose *ace74 ,y d b  
lose "t 9  su* rambl+ /udies or         
disputes4    ,direct4 ,,xii4 ,be        
cautel\s ( admitt+ false suppositions2  
or at  lea/ ( admitt+ any inf]5ce t     
dep5de? ^u !m4 ,9 "s  cases a           
supposition ( t :i* is false may be     
made1 :ile x no  way t5ds to inf] ! tru?
 ( x2 b no?+ mu/ be built ^u  t         
falsehood1 z intimat+ x to be a tru?4   
,false suppositions  cunn+ly & secretly 
work$ into argum5ts1 are v ord9>y       
in/rum5ts ( deceit4    ,direct4 ,,xiii4 
,plead n unc]ta9ties aga9/ c]ta9ties3 b 
make  c]ta9 po9ts ! measure to try !    
unc]ta9 by4 ,r$uce n ?+s  prov$ & sure  

to ^? t are d\btful & ju/ly controv]t$2 
b r$uce po9ts disputable to ^? t are pa/
 d\bt4    ,direct4 ,,xiv4 ,plead n !    
d>k] texts ( ,scripture aga9/ ^?  t are 
m pla9 & cle>1 nor a few texts aga9/ _m 
t are  z pla92 = t :i* is int]pret$     
aga9/ ! mo/ pla9 &  frequ5t expressions 
( ! same ,scripture is c]ta9ly          
mis9t]pret$4    ,direct4 ,,xv4 ,take n  
obscure prophecies = precepts4 ,!       
obscurity  is en\gh to make y cautel\s  
h[ y v5ture y\rself 9 !  practice ( t   
:i* y und]/& n3 b if !re 7 no           
obscurity1 yet prophecies are no w>rant 
to y to fulfil !m2 no1  ?\gh !y be = !  
*ur*'s good4 ,pr$ictions tell y b de    
ev5tu :at w come to pass1 b w>rant n y  
to br+ x to  pass4 ,god's prophecies are
 (ttimes fulfill$ by ! wick$e/ m5 &  !  
wick$e/ means3 z by ! ,jews 9 kill+     
,*ri/1 & ,ph>aoh 9  refus+ to let       
,israel g1 & ,jehu 9 puni%+ ! h\se (    
,ahab4  ,yet _m self-conceit$ p]sons ?9k
 t !y c fet* t out (  ! revelations or !
 prophecies ( ,daniel1 t w ju/ify v     

horrid crimes1 :ile !y use wick$ means  
to fulfil ,god's prophecies4    ,direct4
 ,,xvi4 ,be v cautel\s 9 :at cases y    
take m5's practice  or example to be    
in/ead ( precept1 9 ! sacr$ ,scriptures4
 ,9 "o  case a practice or example is   
obligatory to u z a precept2 & t  is1 :5
 ,god do? give m5 a commission to       
e/abli% ! =m or  ord]s ( 8 *ur* &       
wor%ip1 7z he did to ,moses & to !      
apo/les17 & promise? !m 8 ,_s to lead !m
 into all tru?1  9 ! matt]s :i* he      
employe? !m 93 "h ,god is engag$ to keep
  !m f misc>ry+2 = if !y %\ld1 8 "w w\ld
 be ill done1  8 *ur* w\ld be ill       
con/itut$ & fram$1 & 8 s]vants          
unavoidably deceiv$4 ,! apo/les 7       
au?oriz$ to con/itute  *ur* (fic]s &    
ord]s = cont9uance2 & ! ,scripture1 :i* 
is writt5 = a great "p hi/orically1     
acqua9ts u :at !y did  7z well z :at !y 
said & wrote7 9 ! build+ ( ! *ur*1  9   
ob$i5ce to _! commission 7at lea/ 9     
decl>+ to ! _w  :at ,*ri/ _h fir/       
appo9t$74 ,& ?us if _! practice 7 n     

obligatory to u1 _! words also might be 
avoid$ by ! same  pret5ces4 ,& on ?is   
gr\nd 7at lea/7 ! ,"l's day is easily   
prov$ to be ( div9e appo9tm5t &         
obligation4 ,only we mu/ see  t we      
c>efully di/+ui% betwe5 bo? ! words &   
practice (  ! apo/les :i* 7 ^u a        
p>ticul> & tempor>y occasion 7&         
obligation7 f ^? t 7 ^u a univ]sal or   
p]man5t gr\nd4    ,direct4 ,,xvii4 ,be v
 cautel\s :at conclusions y raise f any 
m]e works ( ,provid5ce4 ,= ! bold & bl9d
 exposition ( ^!1  ha? l$ abundance into
 mo/ he9\s s9s3 no provid5ce is in/ead (
  a law to u2 b sometimes & (ttimes     
,provid5ce *ange? ! matt]  ( our duty1 &
 s occasione? ! *ange ( our obligations 
7z :5  ! husb& die?1 ! wife is          
disoblig$1 c47 ,b m5 ( worldly          
dispositions d s ov]-value worldly ?+s1 
t f !m !y  v5ture to take ! measure (   
,god's love & hatr$1 & ( !  causes :i*  
he approve? or disapprove? 9 ! _w4 ,& ! 
wisdom  ( ,god do? seem on purpose1 to  
cause su* wond]ful1 unexpect$  mutations

 9 ! affairs ( m51 z %all %ame !        
pr9ciples or  spirits ( ^! m51 & manife/
 _! gidd9ess & mutability to  _!        
confusion4 ,"o ye> !y say1 ,?is is sure 
! cause ( ,god1 or  else he w\ld nev]   
own x z he do?2 ano!r ye> !y say1 ,if   
?is  _h be5 ,god's cause he w\ld nev] h 
s dis[n$ x3 j z !  b>b>ians judg$ (     
,paul :5 ! vip] seiz$ on 8 h&4 ,& ?us   
,god is judg$ by !m to own or dis[n by 8
 prosp]+ or  afflict+1 m ?an by 8 ^w4   
,direct4 ,,xviii4 ,9 controv]sies :i*   
mu* dep5d on ! s9c]ity  or exp]i5ce (   
godly m51 take he$ t y affect n         
s+ul>ity1  & dep>t n f ! common s5se ( !
 godly4 ,= ! work+s (  ,god's ,_s are   
bett] judg$ ( by ! ord9>y t5or ( !m1 ?an
  by "s 7real or suppos$7 case t is     
extraord9>y4    ,direct4 ,,xix4 ,9      
controv]sies :i* mo/ dep5d on ! te/imony
 (  antiquity1 dep>t n f ! judgm5t ( !  
anci5ts4 ,!y t  /ood )9 view ( ! days ( 
! apo/les c\ld bett] tell :at  !y did1 &
 :at a condition !y left ! *ur*es 91 ?an
 we c  d4 ,to appeal to ! anci5ts 9 e   

cause1 ev5 9 ^? :]e !  lat] *ri/ians d  
excel !m1 is b to be fools 9 rev]5ce (  
our  =efa!rs' wisdom4 ,b 9 po9ts (      
hi/ory1 or any ?+ 9 :i*  !y _h !        
advantage ( _! po/]ity1 _! te/imony is  
to be  pref]r$4    ,direct4 ,,xx4 ,9    
controv]sies :i* dep5d on ! exp]i5ce (  
p>ticul> *ri/ians or ( ! *ur*1 reg>d mo/
 ! judgm5t (  ! mo/ exp]i5c$1 & pref] ! 
judgm5t ( ! lat] ages ( !  *ur* be=e !  
judgm5t ( less exp]i5c$ ages 7except !  
apo/olical age1 t _h ! great] help ( !  
,_s74 ,an  anci5t1 exp]i5c$ *ri/ian or  
div9e is m to be reg>d$ 9  _m po9ts1 :i*
 require exp]i5ce1 ?an _m ( ! y\ng]     
sort1  t are yet m zeal\s & ( quick]    
und]/&+ & expression  ?an ! eld]4 ,s ^? 
t we call ! fa!rs or anci5ts 7  inde$ 9 
! y\ng] ages ( ! *ur*1 & we t are fall5 
into  ! lat] & m exp]i5c$ age1 h all !  
helps ( ! wisdom  & exp]i5ce ( ! ages t 
7 be=e u3 & !re=e ,god w  require at our
 h&s an acc\nt ( ^! great] tal5ts :i* we
 h  receiv$6 ,z x 7 unexcusable n[ 9 a  
physician t ha? ! help  ( su* volum9\s  

in/itutions1 obs]vations1 & exp]im5ts ( 
=m] ages1 to "k no m ?an ^? =m] times t 
_h no su*  helps2 s w\ld x be z         
unexcusable = ?is pres5t age ( !  *ur*  
to be no wis] ?an ^? =m] ages4 ,:5      
,aqu9as1 ,scotus1  ,arim95sis1 & o!r    
s*oolm51 deliv]$ ! doctr9e (  *ri/ianity
 to ! *ur* 9 a dress s f> diff]5t f     
,ignatius1  ,ir5u1 ,t]tullian1 ,cyprian1
 or any ( ^? =m] ages1 !y  c]ta9ly ?\ght
 t !y _h atta9$ to a f> great] excell5cy
  & accurat5ess 9 ! k ( div9ity ?an ^?  
_!  ance/ors _h atta9$3 & :atev] !y swe>
 9 ! ,tr5t oa?1 (  n exp\nd+ any        
,scripture o!rwise ?an ! fa!rs d1 ,i    
d\bt  n b ,su>ez1 & ,vasquez1 & o!rs (  
_! mod]n s*oolm51  ?\ght s too1 & w\ld h
 be5 lo? to be acc\nt$ wise 9 !  measure
 only ( ^? anci5ts4#acc ,! lat] & eld]  
ages ( !  *ur* h _h abundant exp]i5ce1  
e4 g4 ( ! t5d5cy ( ambition  & papal    
aspir+s & usurpations2 ( ! mis*iefs (   
compos+ &  impos+ ! popi% missals &     
num]\s c]emonies1 & ( _!  implicit fai?1
 & _! concealm5t ( ! ,scriptures f !    

vulg>1 & _m su* po9ts2 & if we are nev] 
! wis] = all  ?is exp]i5ce1 we are ! m  
unexcusable2 & may be judg$ z !         
neglect]s ( our great] helps4           
,direct4 ,,xxi4 ,9 controv]sies :i*     
dep5d mo/ ^u skill 9 !  languages1      
philosophy1 or o!r p>ts ( common le>n+1 
pref] !  judgm5t ( a few t are ! mo/    
le>n$ 9 ^? matt]s1 be=e  ! judgm5t ( !  
mo/ anci5t1 or ! mo/ godly1 or ( !      
greate/ numb]s1 ev5 :ole *ur*es1 t are  
unle>n$4 ,9 ?is  case nei!r numb]s1 nor 
antiquity1 nor godl9ess w s]ve turn3  b 
z "o cle> eye w see fur!r ?an t5 ?\s& t 
are  purbl9d1 s "o ,j]om or ,orig5 may  
judge bett] ( a translation1 or  !      
grammatical s5se ( a text1 ?an a hundr$ 
( ! o!r fa!rs  c\ld4 ,"o man t und]/&e? 
a language is fitt] to judge ( x1  ?an a
 :ole nation t und]/& x n4 ,"o          
philosoph] is fitt]  to judge ( a       
philosophical "q1 ?an a ?\s& illit]ate  
p]sons4 ,e man is mo/ to be reg>d$ 9 !  
matt]s :i* he is  be/ acqua9t$ )4       
,direct4 ,,xxii4 ,9 controv]sies ( great

 difficulty1 :]e div9es  !mselves are   
disagre$1 & a cle> & pi]c+ wit is       
necess>y1  reg>d m ! judgm5t ( a few    
acute1 judici\s1 well-/udi$  div9es1 t  
are well v]s$ 9 ^? controv]sies1 ?an ( a
  multitude ( dull & common wits t ?9k  
to c>ry x by !  reputation ( _!         
numb]4#acc ,x is too c]ta9ly atte/$ by  
exp]i5ce1 t judici\s m5 are v few1 & t !
 multitude (  ! injudici\s t h n wit    
en\gh to und]/& !m1 nor  humility en\gh 
to confess x1 & to le>n ( !m1 h yet     
pride  & arrogancy en\gh to contradict  
!m1 & (t5 malice en\gh to  vilify !m4 ,9
 su* diff]5ces x is n only a sign ( a   
wise man  to be cont5t ) ! approbation (
 a few1 b also to h b few  approv]s     
7except :]e ! injudici\s d implicitly   
believe ^?  few t are judici\s74        
,commonly a v few t are wis] ?an !      
multitude1 are fa9 to /& by1 &          
compassionate n only ! _w  b ! *ur*1 &  
see ! disease1 & ! easy rem$y1 & all 9  
va92 :ile !y are b neglect$ or despis$  
by ! re/1 t w  n be made wis] by !m4    

,direct4 ,,xxiii4 ,9 all cont5tions hold
 close to t :i* all sides  are agre$ 92 
!re is s mu* agre$ on1 ev5 betwe5 !     
papi/s  & ! prote/ants1 z w\ld c]ta9ly  
save !m all1 if all ( !m  did s9c]ely   
believe1 love1 & practise x2 = !y all   
confess  t ! :ole canonical ,scripture  
is true4 ,!re=e be m /udi\s  s9c]ely to 
hold & improve ^? common tru?s :i* !y   
all  pr(ess1 ?an to oppose ! p>ticul>   
op9ions ( any1 fur!r ?an  t common tru? 
require? x4 ,see t ! articles ( ! common
  cre$ :i* all pr(ess1 be unfeign$ly    
believ$ by y2 & t !  petitions 9 ! ,"l's
 pray] be s9c]ely & e>ne/ly put up to   
,god2 & t ! t5 comm&m5ts be he>tily &   
entirely obey$2  & !n no error or       
diff]5ce w be damn+ to y4    ,direct4   
,,xxiv4 ,take no?+ z necess>y to        
salvation 9 po9t (  fai?1 nor z         
univ]sally necess>y 9 po9t ( practice1  
:i* !  univ]sal *ur* 9 e age s9ce ,*ri/ 
did n receive4 ,= if any  ?+ be necess>y
 to salvation :i* ! *ur* receiv$ n 9 e  
age1 !n ! *ur* itself ( t age c\ld n be 

sav$2 & !n  ! *ur* 0 inde$ no *ur*2 =   
,*ri/ is ! ,savi\r ( 8  body4 ,b c]ta9ly
 ,*ri/ _h 9 e age a *ur* ( sav$ ones1   
:o op5ly pr(ess$ all t 0 ( common       
necessity to salvation4 ,an  op9ion may 
be true :i* accuse? ! g5]ality 9 ! *ur* 
(  "s error or imp]fection2 = x is mo/  
c]ta9 t ! *ur* on  e>? is compos$ ( none
 7t h ! use ( reason7 b err+ &  imp]fect
 memb]s2 b no op9ion c be true t        
condemne? all !  *ur* to hell1 9 any "o 
age2 = ! ,head & ,husb& ( ! *ur*  mu/ be
 h] ,judge4    ,direct4 ,,xxv4 ,be n    
borne d[n by ! c5sori\sness ( any1 to   
ov]run y\r own und]/&+ & ! tru?1 & to   
comply ) !m  9 _! errors & extremes2#acd
 b hold to ! tru? & keep y\r  /ation3   
,j]4 xv4 #ai1 ,let !m return unto !e1 b 
return ?\ n  unto !m4 ,x is too usual = 
! y\ng] & m injudici\s sort  ( *ri/ians 
to be mo/ zeal\s ab\t "s little op9ions1
  c]emonies1 & words1 & to c5sure all ^?
 t diff] f !m1  ) su* bitt] c5sures1 7z 
ungodly1 false-he>t$1 c47 t  h]eupon "s 
( ! m judici\s =sake ! tru? & simplicity

  ( ! gospel1 to comply ) ^! c5sur]s    
m]ely to escape !m  7or1 z "s say1 t !y 
may keep an int]e/ 9 !m to d !m  good73 
b su* c>nal compliances1 ?\gh ) ! mo/   
zeal\s m51  w br+ no?+ home at la/ b    
rep5tance & %ame3 tru?1 :i*  is ! means 
( ! good ( s\ls1 mu/ n be betray$ z = ! 
good ( s\ls4    ,direct4 ,,xxvi4 ,d\bt n
 ( well-prov$ tru?s1 = e difficulty  t  
appe>e? aga9/ !m4 ,!re is sc>ce any tru?
 9 ! _w s  pla91 b 9 y\r own ?\ghts1 or 
9 ! cavils ( a wrangl+ wit1  !re may su*
 difficulties be rais$ z y c h>dly      
answ]3 &  !re is sc>ce any ?+ s evid5t1 
t "s w n dispute  aga9/4 ,y see t ev5 ! 
le>n$e/ ,jesuits1 & all ! cl]gy  ( !    
,roman k+dom1 w n /ick to dispute all ! 
_w 7if !y  c\ld7 out ( ! belief ( all _!
 s5ses1 :ile !y ma9ta9 t  bread is n    
bread1 & w9e is n w9e4 ,& yet1 h[ _m    
pr9ces1  lords1 & rul]s foll[ !m1 & _m  
millions ( ! p2  because !y are n able  
to confute !m4 ,if !y _h said t a man   
is no man1 b a worm1 ,psal4 xxii4 #f1 !y
 might 9 reason h  expect$ z mu* belief4

    ,direct4 ,,xxvii4 ,abuse n y\r own k
 by subject+ x to y\r  c>nal int]e/ or  
s5suality4 ,he t w s9 aga9/ 8           
consci5ce1 & w n obey ! k :i* he ha?1   
do?  des]ve to be giv5 ov] to bl9dness &
 deceit1 & to lose ev5  t :i* he ha?1 & 
to be =sak5 till he believe & def5d a   
lie3#ace t all !y might be damn$ :o     
obey$ n ! tru?1 b  _h pleasure 9        
unrighte\sness1 #b ,!ss4 ii4 #aj-ab4    
,god w n  hold him guiltless :o debase? 
8 sacr$ tru? s f>1 z to make x  /oop to 
8 commodity & lu/2 :]e he is a tea*] he 
w be a  k+1 & s5de? 8 tru? z ! in/rum5t 
( 8 gov]nm5t1 &  n z a slave or p&] to !
 fle%4 ,he t w d ,god's w  %all "k x1   
,john vii4 #ag2 b ! c>nal m9d t _c be   
subject to ,god's law1 is unfit to      
receive x1 because x is  spiritually    
disc]n$1 ,rom4 viii4 #g2 #a ,cor4 ii4   
#ad4    #aag ,nitebatur ,socrates summi 
+5ii acum9e1 non tam illos ex  s5t5tia  
refell]e1 quam ipse quid v]um esset     
inv5ire4 ,la]t4 9  ,socrat4    #aah     
,heb4 xii4 #ad4 #b ,cor4 v4 #ag2 ,rom4  

viii4 #i1 #ac4    #aai ,socrates de     
e?ice1 et 9 (fic9is1 et 9 publico       
quotidie  philosophans1 ea potius       
inquir5da hortabatur1 qu mores in/ru]5t1
  et quorum usus nobis domi esset       
necess>ius4 ,la]t4 9 ,socrat4    #abj   
,non tam auctoritatis 9 disput&o1 quam  
rationis mom5ta  qur5da sunt1 ,cic4     
,nat4 ,deo4 p4 #f4 ,obe/ pl]umque iis1  
qui disc]e  volunt1 auctoritas eorum1   
qui se doc]e pr(it5tur4 ,des9unt enim   
suum judicium adhib]e3 id hab5t ratum1  
quod ab eo1 quem probant1  judicatum    
vid5t4 ,ibid4 p4 #g4    #aba ,prov4     
xxiv4 #cj2 xxi4 #be2 ,matt4 xxv4 #bf4   
#abb ,qu du virtutes 9 disputatore prim 
sunt1 eas ambas 9 ,hub]o  depreh5di1    
pati5tiam adv]s>ium prolixe sua         
explicantem audi5di1  et l5itatem etiam 
asp]e dicta p]f]5di1 inq4 ,scultetus    
po/4 disp4  ,curric4 p4 #cc4    #abc #a 
,tim4 vi4 #c2 ,tit4 i4 #a2 #a ,tim4 iv4 
#g1 #h2 vi4 #e1 #f1 #aa2 #b ,pet4  i4   
#c2 iii4 #aa4    #abd ,see *ap4 ii4     
direct4 #c4    #abe ,ut ,deum noris1    

etsi ignores et locum et faciem1 sic    
animum tibi  tuum notum esse oportet1   
etiam si ignores et locum et =mam4      
,cic]o  #a4 ,tuscul4    #abf ,nulla erga
 ,deos pietas e/1 nisi hone/a de num9e  
deorum ac  m5te op9io sit4 ,cic]o pro   
,planc4    #abg ,non ii sumus quibus    
nihil v]um esse videatur2 s$ ii qui     
omnibus v]is fals qudam adjuncta esse   
dicamus1 tanta similitud9e  ut1 c4 ,cic4
 de ,nat4 ,deor4 p4 #g4    #abh ,job    
xxxviii-xli4    #abi ,see my preface    
be=e ! second "p ( ! ,sa9ts' ,re/1 edit4
  #c1 c4 ,a man ( judgm5t %all he>      
ignorant m5 diff]1 & "k t  !y mean "o   
?+4 ,& yet !y !mselves w nev] agree4 ,l4
  ,bacon1 ,ess4 #c4    #acj ,z ,i h %[$ 
9 my ,dispute ( ,sav+ ,fai? ) ,dr4      
,b>l[1  & ( ,ju/ification4    #aca ,non 
ex v]bis res1 s$ ex rebus v]ba esse     
inquir5da1 ait  ,myson4 9 ,la]t4 p4 #gj4
 ,bas4 #a ,edit4    #acb ,x is a noble  
"w t ,mr4 ,le ,blanck ( ,s$an is ab\t to
 ?is  purpose1 /at+ m exactly ?an ha?   
yet be5 done all !  controv]sies betwe5 

u & ! papi/s3 :i* h[ excell5tly he is  l
 to p]=m ,i easily conjecture by !      
,disputes ( 8 ^u  ,ju/ification1 c4 :i* 
,i h se54    #acc ,satis triumphat      
v]itas si apud paucos bonosque accepta3 
nec  indoles ejus e/ plac]e multis4     
,lipsius4    #acd ,?us ,pet] & ,b>nabas 
err$1 ,gal4 ii4    #ace ,matt4 xxv4 #bi2
 ,rom4 xiv4 #bb4          ,,*apt]       
,,viii4    ,,directions ,,= ,,! ,,union 
,,& ,,communion ,,( ,,sa9ts1 ,,& ,,!    
,,avoid+  ,,unpeaceabl5ess ,,& ,,s*ism4 
,! peace & concord ( believ]s is a ?+ t 
almo/ all ^?  plead =1 :o call !mselves 
believ]s2 & yet a ?+ t almo/  all m5    
h9d] & resi/ :ile !y comm5d x4#acf ,!   
discord &  divisions ( believ]s1 are z  
commonly spok5 aga9/1 & by !  same m51 z
 commonly fom5t$4 ,! few t are s9c]e    
7bo? rul]s  & private m57 desire concord
 & hate divisions 9 love to hol9ess  :i*
 is promot$ by x1 & 9 love to ! *ur*1 & 
good ( s\ls1  & ! hon\r ( religion & !  
glory ( ,god2 & ! few ( ^?  t are       
exp]i5c$1 wise1 judici\s p]sons1 d *oose

 ! means  t is fitte/ to atta9 ^! ends1 
& d prud5tly & con/antly  prosecute !m  
accord+ly2 b ^! be+ 9 ! _w z a spoonful 
( fre% wat] ca/ into ! sea1 or a        
spoonful ( wat] ca/ into !  flames ( a  
h\se on fire1 no wond] if ! br9i% sea be
 n  sweet5$ by !m1 nor ! consum+1 rag+  
fire qu5*$ by !m4  ,! o!r rul]s ( ! _w &
 ( ! *ur*es1 are = concord &  aga9/     
division1 because ?is t5de? to ! quiet+ 
( ! p  "u !m1 & ! mak+ ( m5 submissive &
 ob$i5t to _!  wills1 & s to confirm _! 
dignities1 dom9ions1 &  int]e/s4#acg ,& 
all m5 t are n holy1 be+ pr$om9antly    
selfi%1 !y w\ld all be !mselves ! c5tre 
( t union1 &  bond ( t concord :i* !y   
desire3 & !y w\ld h x  accompli%$ ^u su*
 t]ms & by su* means z are mo/ agreeable
  to _! pr9ciples & ends2 9 :i* !re are 
almo/ z _m m9ds  z m53 s t among all !  
comm5d]s ( unity & concord1 !re  are    
none t take ! way to atta9 x1 b ^? t    
w\ld c5tre  x all 9 ,god1 & seek x ^u 8 
t]ms1 & 9 8 way4 ,! re/  are all te>+   
unity & peace 9 pieces1 :ile !y comm5d  

x1 &  !y fight aga9/ x :ile !y seek x2 e
 man seek+ x =  himself1 & ^u 8 own     
t]ms1 & 9 8 own way2 :i* are s  v>i\s & 
inconsi/5t1 t ea/ & we/ may soon] meet  
?an  !y4    ,yet mu/ ! sons ( ,god be   
/ill ! sons ( peace1 & cont9ue  _!      
pray]s & endeav\rs = unity1 h[ small    
soev] be ! hopes  ( _! success3 ,if x be
 possible1 z mu* z 9 u lie?1 we mu/     
live peaceably ) all m51 ,rom4 xii4 #ah4
 ,s f> mu/ !y be f  be+ guilty ( any    
s*isms or unlawful divisions ( ! *ur*1 t
  !y mu/ make x a great "p ( _! c>e & "w
 to pres]ve !  unity & peace ( *ri/ians4
 ,9 ?is !re=e ,i %all next direct  !m4  
,direct4 ,i4 ,und]/& fir/ :]e9 ! unity (
 *ri/ians &  *ur*es do? consi/3 or else 
y w nei!r "k h[ to pres]ve  x1 nor :5 y 
violate x4#ach ,*ri/ians are said to be 
unit$ to  ,*ri/1 :5 !y are ent]$ into   
cov5ant ) him1 & are become  8          
disciples1 8 subjects1 & ! memb]s ( 8   
7political7 body4  ,!y are unit$ to "o  
ano!r :5 !y are unit$ to ,*ri/ _!       
common ,head1 & :5 !y h t _s1 t fai?1 t 

love1  :i* is communicat$ to e liv+     
memb] ( ! body4 ,?is union  is n ! mak+ 
( _m to be "o *ri/ian1 b ( _m *ri/ians  
to be "o *ur*2 :i* is consid]able ei!r z
 to its int]nal  life1 or its ext]nal   
ord] & pr(ession4 ,9 ! =m] respect !    
bonds ( our union are1 #a4 ,! he>t      
cov5ant 7or fai?74 #b4 ,& !  ,_s3 !     
cons5t ( ,*ri/ & ( ourselves concurr+1  
do? make  ! mat* or m>riage betwe5 u2 & 
! ,_s communicat$ f him  to u is z !    
n]ves or ligam5ts ( ! body1 or r z !    
spirits :i* pass ?r\gh all4 ,! union ( !
 *ur* consid]$  visibly 9 its outw>d    
policy1 is ei!r t ( ! :ole *ur*1 or  ( !
 p>ticul> *ur*es )9 !mselves1 or ( div]s
 p>ticul>  *ur*es accid5tally unit$4 #a4
 ,! union ( ! :ole is ess5tial1         
integral1 or accid5tal4 ,! ess5tial     
union is t relation ( a  head & memb]s1 
:i* is betwe5 ,*ri/ & all ! visible     
memb]s  ( 8 *ur*3 ! f\ndation ( x is !  
mutual cov5ant betwe5  ,*ri/ & !m1      
consid]$ on _! "p z made ext]nally1 :e!r
  s9c]ely or n3 ?is is usually done 9   

baptism1 & is ! *iefe/  act ( _!        
pr(ession ( ! fai?4 ,?us ! baptismal    
cov5ant do?  con/itute u memb]s ( !     
visible *ur*4 ,! integral &  accid5tal  
union ,i pass by n[4 #b4 ,besides ?is   
union ( ! univ]sal  *ur* ) ,*ri/ !      
univ]sal ,head1 !re is 9 all p>ticul>   
organiz$ *ur*es1 a subord9ate union1    
7#a47 ,betwe5 ! pa/or &  ! flock4 7#b47 
,betwe5 ! p "o t[>ds ano!r2#aci :i*     
consi/e? 9 ^! _! special relations to   
ea* o!r4 #c4 ,&  !re is an accid5tal    
union ( _m p>ticul> *ur*es3 z :5 !y  are
 unit$ "u "o civil gov]nm5t2 or         
consociat$ by _! pa/ors  9 "o synod or  
c\ncil4 ,^! are ! sev]al sorts ( *ur*   
union4    ,direct4 ,,ii4 ,und]/& also   
:]e9 ! communion ( *ri/ians &  *ur*es   
do? consi/2 t y may "k :at x is t y mu/ 
hold  to4 ,9 ! univ]sal *ur* y\r int]nal
 communion ) ,*ri/  consi/e? 9 8        
communication ( 8 ,_s & grace1 8 ^w &   
m]cies unto y2 & 9 y\r returns ( love1 &
 ?anks1 &  ob$i5ce unto him2 & 9 y\r    
seek+ to him1 dep5d+ on him1 &  receiv+s

 f him3 y\r int]nal communion ) ! *ur*  
or  sa9ts1 consi/e? 9 mutual love1 & o!r
 consequ5t affections1  & 9 pray+ = &   
do+ good to "o ano!r z y\rselves1       
accord+ to y\r abilities &              
opportunities4 ,y\r ext]nal communion  )
 ,*ri/ & ) mo/ ( ! *ur* 9 heav5 & e>?1  
is n  mutually visible & local2 = x is b
 a small numb] comp>atively  t we ev]   
see2 b x consi/e? 9 ,*ri/'s visible     
communication  ( 8 ^w1 8 (fic]s1 & 8    
ord9ances & m]cies unto y1  & 9 y\r     
visible le>n+ & reception ( !m1 &       
ob$i5ce to  him1 & expressions ( y\r    
love & gratitude t[>ds him4 ,y\r        
ext]nal communion ) ! univ]sal *ur*1    
consi/e? 9 !  pray]s ( ! *ur* = y1 & y\r
 pray]s = ! *ur*2 9  y\r hold+ ! same   
fai?1 & pr(ess+ to love & wor%ip !  same
 ,god1 & ,savi\r1 & ,sanctifi]1 9 ! same
 holy ord9ances1 9  ord] to ! same      
et]nal end4    ,y\r ext]nal communion 9 
! same p>ticul> congregations1  consi/e?
 9 y\r assembl+ toge!r to he> ! prea*+ (
 ,god's  ^w1 & to receive ! sacram5t ( !

 body & blood ( ,*ri/1  & pray & praise 
,god1 & to help ea* o!r 9 k &  hol9ess1 
& walk toge!r 9 ! fe> ( ! ,"l4    ,y\r  
communion ) o!r neighb\r *ur*es1 lie? 9 
pray+ = &  c\nsell+ ea* o!r1 & keep+ su*
 correspond5cies z %all be  f\nd        
necess>y to ma9ta9 t love1 & peace1 &   
hol9ess :i*  all are b\nd to seek1      
accord+ to y\r abilities &              
opportunities4    ,note "h1 t communion 
is "o ?+1 & subjection is ano!r4 ,x  is 
n y\r subjection to o!r *ur*es t is     
requir$ to y\r  communion ) !m4 ,!      
*ur*es t ,paul wrote to at ,rome1       
,cor9?1  ,galatia1 ,ephesus1 ,philippi1 
c4 _h communion toge!r accord+ to  _!   
capacities 9 t di/ance2 b !y 7 n subject
 "o to  ano!r1 any o!rwise ?an z all are
 comm&$ to be subject to ea*  o!r 9     
humility1 #a ,pet4 v4 #e4 ,! *ur* (     
,rome n[ accuse? all  ! *ri/ians 9 ! _w 
( sep>at+ f _! communion1 unless  !y w  
take !m = _! rul]s1 & obey !m z !       
mi/ress  *ur*3 b ,paul speake? n "o     
syllable to any ( ! *ur*es (  any su*   

?+1 z _! ob$i5ce to ! *ur* ( ,rome4 ,to 
y\r own  pa/ors y owe subjection /at$ly 
z well z communion2 & to o!r  pa/ors ( !
 *ur*es ( ,*ri/ 7fix$ or unfix$7 y owe a
  tempor>y subjection s f> z y are call$
 to make use ( !m 7z  sick p]sons d to  
ano!r physician1 :5 ! physician ( !     
hospital is out ( ! way73 b "o *ur* is n
 ! rul] (  ano!r1 or any "o ( all ! re/1
 by any appo9tm5t ( ! ,k+ (  ! *ur*4    
,direct4 ,,iii4 ,by ! help ( :at is     
already said1 y are next  di/9ctly to   
und]/& h[ f> y are b\nd to union or     
communion  ) any o!r *ur* or p]son1 &   
:at di/ance1 sep>ation1 or  division is 
a s91 & :at is n3 t s y may nei!r       
causelessly tr\ble y\rselves ) scruples1
 nor tr\ble ! *ur*  by s9ful s*ism4     
,sid5ote3 ,:at unity is among all       
*ri/ians4    ,i4 ,!re mu/ be a union    
among all *ur*es & *ri/ians 9 ^!        
p>ticul>s4 #a4 ,!y h all b "o ,god4 #b4 
,& "o ,head &  ,savi\r1 ,jesus ,*ri/4   
#c4 ,& "o ,sanctifi]1 ! ,holy ,gho/4 #d4
 ,&  "o ultimate end & hope1 ev5 !      

fruition ( ,god 9 heav54 #e4 ,&  "o     
gospel to tea* !m ! k ( ,*ri/1 & conta9 
!  promise ( _! salvation4 #f4 ,& "o k9d
 ( fai? t is wr\ght  h]eby4 #g4 ,& "o & 
! same cov5ant 7( :i* baptism is !      
seal7 9 :i* !y are engag$ to ,god4 #h4  
,& ! same in/rum5tal  f\nd]s ( our fai?1
 "u ,jesus ,*ri/1 ev5 ! prophets &      
apo/les4 #i4 ,& all memb]s ( ! same     
univ]sal body4 #aj4 ,& all  h ! same new
 nature & holy disposition1 & ! same    
holy  affections1 9 lov+ ,god & hol9ess1
 & hat+ s94 #aa4 ,!y all  own1 z to !   
ess5tial p>ts1 ! same law ( ,god1 z !   
rule (  _! fai? & life1 ev5 ! sacr$     
canonical ,scriptures4 #ab4 ,e  memb]   
ha? a love to ! :ole1 & to ea* o!r1     
especially to !  m excell5t & useful    
memb]s2 & an incl9ation to holy         
communion ) ea* o!r4 #ac4 ,!y h all a   
prop5sity to ! same  holy means &       
employm5t1 z pray]1 le>n+ ! ^w ( ,god1 &
  do+ good to o!rs4#adj ,all ^! ?+s !   
true liv+ memb]s (  ! *ur* h 9 s9c]ity1 
& ! re/ h 9 pr(ession4    ,sid5ote3 ,:at

 div]sity w be 9 ! *ur*4    ,,ii4 ,!re w
 be /ill a div]sity among ! *ur*es &    
p>ticul>  *ri/ians 9 ^! foll[+ po9ts1   
)\t any dissolution ( !  =e-describ$    
unity4 #a4 ,!y w n be ( ! same age or   
/&+  9 ,*ri/2 b "s babes1 "s "y m51 & "s
 fa!rs4 #b4 ,!y  w n h ! same degrees ( 
/r5g?1 ( k1 & (  hol9ess3 "s w h ne$ to 
be f$ ) milk1 & be unskilful 9  ! ^w (  
righte\sness4 #c4 ,!y w diff] 9 ! k9d & 
measure  ( _! gifts3 "s w excel 9 "o    
k9d1 & "s 9 ano!r1 &  "s 9 none at all4 
#d4 ,!y w diff] 9 _! natural temp]1  :i*
 w make "s to be m hot & "s m mild1 "s m
  quick & "s m dull1 "s ( m regulat$    
wits & "s m  scatt]$ & confus$4 #e4 ,!y 
w diff] 9 spiritual heal? &  s\ndness3  
"o w be m or?odox & ano!r m errone\s2 "o
  w h a bett] appetite to ! :olesome ^w 
?an o!rs t are  incl9+ to novelties &   
va9 jangl+s2 "o w walk m  blamelessly   
?an ano!r2 "s are full ( joy & peace1 & 
o!rs  full ( grief & tr\ble4 #f4 ,!y    
diff] mu* 9 usefulness &  s]vice to !   
body3 "s are pill>s to support ! re/1 & 

"s  are burd5some & tr\bl]s ( ! *ur*4   
#g4 ,x is ! w (  ,*ri/ t !y diff] 9     
(fice & employm5t3 "s be+ pa/ors  &     
tea*]s to ! re/4 #h4 ,!re may be mu*    
diff]5ce 9 !  mann] ( _! wor%ipp+ ,god2 
"s obs]v+ days & diff]5ce (  meats &    
dr9ks1 & =ms & o!r c]emonies1 :i* o!rs  
obs]ve  n3 & sev]al *ur*es may h sev]al 
modes4 #i4 ,^! diff]5ces  may possibly1 
by ! temptation ( ,satan1 arise to      
vehem5t  cont5tions2 & n only to !      
c5sur+ & despis+ ( ea*  o!r1 b to !     
reject+ ( ea* o!r f ! communion ( !     
sev]al *ur*es1 & =bidd+ "o ano!r to     
prea* ! gospel1 &  ! bani%+ or imprison+
 "o ano!r1 z ,con/ant9e himself did     
bani% ,a?anasius1 & z ,*ryso/om & _m    
ano!r h felt4 #aj4  ,h5ce x foll[e? t z 
9 ! visible *ur* "s are ! memb]s  (     
,*ri/1 & "s are inde$ ! *ildr5 ( !      
devil1 "s %all  be sav$ & "s be damn$1  
ev5 ) ! sore/ damnation1 7!  greate/    
diff]5ce 9 ! _w to come be+ betwixt !   
visible  memb]s ( ! *ur*17 s among !    
godly & s9c]e !mselves !y  are n all    

alike amiable or happy1 b !y %all diff] 
9 glory z  !y d 9 grace4#ada ,all ^!    
diff]5ces !re h be51 are1 &  w be 9 !   
*ur*1 not)/&+ its unity 9 o!r ?+s4      
,sid5ote3 ,s*ism :at1 & ( h[ _m sorts4  
,,iii4 ,! ^w s*ism come? f 1 disseco1   
lac]o1 &  signifie? any s9ful division  
among *ri/ians4 ,"s papi/s 7z  ,johnson7
 w h no?+ call$ s*ism1 b a divid+       
oneself f  ! ca?olic *ur*3 o!rs ma9ta9 t
 !re is no?+ 9  ,scripture call$ s*ism1 
b mak+ divisions 9 p>ticul>  *ur*es4#adb
 ,! tru? is1 7obvi\s 9 ! ?+ itself17 t  
!re  are sev]al sorts ( s*ism or        
division4 #a4 ,!re is a caus+  divisions
 9 a p>ticul> *ur*1 :5 yet no p>ty      
divide? f t  *ur*1 mu* less f !         
univ]sal4 ,?us ,paul blame? ! divisions 
t 7 among ! ,cor9?ians1 :ile "o said1 ,i
 am ( ,paul1 &  ano!r1 ,i am ( ,apollos1
 c4 #a ,cor4 iii4 #c4 ,& #a ,cor4 xi4   
#ah1 ,i  he> t !re be divisions among y3
 n t !y sep>at$ f  ea* o!r's communion1 
b held a disord]ly communion4 ,su*      
divisions he vehem5tly dissuade? !m f1  

#a ,cor4 i4 #aj4 ,& ?us  he p]suade? !  
,romans1 7xvi4 #ag17 to m>k !m :i* cause
  divisions & (f5ces among !m1 contr>y  
to ! doctr9e :i* !y  _h le>n$1 & avoid  
!m2 :i* x seems !re=e 7 n su*  z _h     
avoid$ ! *ur* fir/4 ,he t cause?        
diff]5ces (  judgm5t & practice1 &      
cont5d+s 9 ! *ur*1 do? cause  divisions1
 ?\gh none sep>ate f ! *ur*4    #b4 ,&  
if ?is be a fault1 x mu/ be a great]    
fault to cause  divisions f1 z well z 91
 a p>ticul> *ur*1 :i* a man may d  t    
sep>ate? n f x himself3 z if he p]suade 
o!rs to  sep>ate1 or if he s[ ^? t>es ( 
error :i* cause x1 or if he  causelessly
 excommunicate or ca/ !m out4    #c4 ,& 
!n x mu/ be z great a s9 to make a      
causeless sep>ation  f ! *ur* t y are 9 
y\rself1 :i* is ano!r sort (  s*ism4 ,if
 y may n divide 9 ! *ur*1 nor divide    
o!rs f  ! *ur*1 !n y may n causelessly  
divide ! common f x  y\rselves4    #d4  
,& x is yet a great] s*ism1 :5 y divide 
n only f t  "o *ur*1 b f _m1 because !y 
concur 9 op9ion ) t  "o 7:i* is ! common

 way ( divid]s74    #e4 ,& x is yet a   
great] s*ism1 :5 :ole *ur*es sep>ate f  
ea* o!r1 & r5\nce due communion ) ea*   
o!r )\t j  cause3 z ! ,greeks1 ,lat9s1 &
 prote/ants 9 _! pres5t  di/ance1 mu/ "s
 ( !m 7:oev] x is7 be f\nd guilty4      
#f4 ,& yet x is a great] s*ism ?an ?is1 
:5 *ur*es d n only  sep>ate f ea* o!r   
causelessly1 b also un*ur* ea* o!r1  &  
endeav\r to cut (f ea* o!r f ! *ur*     
univ]sal1 by  d5y+ ea* o!r to be true   
*ur*es ( ,*ri/4 ,x is a m  griev\s s*ism
 to )draw f a true *ur* z no *ur*1 ?an z
 a  corrupt *ur*2 t is1 to cut (f a *ur*
 f ,*ri/1 & !  *ur* ca?olic1 ?an to     
ab/a9 f communion ) x z a  sc&al\s or   
(f5d+ *ur*4    #g4 ,x is yet1 ct]is     
p>ibus1 a high] degree ( s*ism to divide
  y\rselves 7a p]son or a *ur*7 f !     
univ]sal *ur* )\t  j cause1 ?\gh y      
sep>ate f x b secundum quid1 9 "s       
accid5tal respect :]e unity is ne$ful 7=
 :]e unity is n  requir$1 !re disunion  
is no s973 yet su* a p]son t is  sep>ate
 b secundum quid1 f some?+ accid5tal1 or

 integral1  b n ess5tial to ! ca?olic   
*ur*1 is /ill a ca?olic  *ri/ian1 ?\gh  
he s94    ,sid5ote3 ,a h]etic & apo/ate 
:at4    #h4 ,b z = ! highe/ degree (    
all1 viz4 to sep>ate f !  univ]sal *ur* 
simplicit]1 or 9 "s ess5tial respect1   
?is is  done by no?+ b by h]esy or      
apo/asy4 ,h[ev] ! papi/s make  m5       
believe t s*ismatics t are nei!r h]etics
 nor apo/ates1  d sep>ate !mselves :olly
 or simply f ! ca?olic *ur*1 ?is  is a  
m]e figm5t ( _! bra9s4 ,= he t sep>ate? 
n f !  *ur* 9 any ?+ ess5tial to x1 do? 
n truly & simply  sep>ate f ! *ur*1 b   
secundum quid1 f some?+  sep>able f !   
*ur*4 ,b :atev] is ess5tial to ! *ur* is
  necess>y to salvation2 & he t sep>ate?
 f x ^u !  acc\nt ( 8 d5y+ any ?+       
necess>y to salvation1 is a h]etic  or  
apo/ate3 t is1 if he d x1 z d5y+ "s "o  
7or m7  ess5tial po9t ( fai? or         
religion1 :ile he pret5de? to hold all  
! re/1 he is a h]etic3 if he d5y ! :ole 
*ri/ian fai?1 he is  a flat apo/ate3 &  
^! are m ?an to be s*ismatics4    ,! ^w 

h]esy also is v>i\sly tak5 by           
ecclesia/ic writ]s4  ,au/9 w h h]esy to 
be an invet]ate s*ism3 ,j]om make? x to 
be "s p]v]se op9ion3 "s call e s*ism :i*
 ga!re? a  sep>at$ p>ty f ! re/1 by ! "n
 ( h]esy2 "s call x a  h]esy if !re be a
 p]il\s error ?\gh )\t any s*ism2 "s    
call x a h]esy only :5 s*ism is made1 & 
a p>ty sep>at$ ^u  ! acc\nt ( "s p]il\s 
error4 ,"s say ?is error mu/ be         
damnable1 t is1 9 ! ess5tials (         
religion2 & "s say1 x is  en\gh if x be 
b dang]\s4 ,among all ^!1 ! commone/    
s5se (  a h]etic is1 "o t ob/9ately     
erre? 9 "s ess5tial po9t1 &  divide? f !
 communion ( o!r *ri/ians ^u t acc\nt4  
,&  s ,p>u & _m prote/ants take h]esy = 
! species1 & s*ism  = ! g5us4 ,all s*ism
 is n h]esy2 b all h]esy1 say !y1 is    
s*ism4 ,rememb] t all ?is is b a        
controv]sy de nom9e1 &  !re=e ( small   
mom5t4    ,sid5ote3 ,:o are true        
s*ismatics4    ,by ?is t ,i h said y may
 p]ceive :o !y be t are guilty  ( *ur*  
divisions3 ,z1 #a4 ,! sp>ks ( x are     

k9dl$1 :5 pr\d  & self-conceit$ p]sons  
are bra9-sick 9 ! fond e/imation (  _!  
own op9ions1 & he>t-sick by a fev]i%    
zeal = !  propagat+ ( !m4 ,ignorant s\ls
 ?9k t e *ange ( _!  op9ions is made by 
su* an accession ( heav5ly light1 t if  
!y  %\ld n be/ir !m to make all ( ! same
 m9d1 !y %\ld be  betray]s ( ! tru?1 & d
 ! _w unspeakable wrong4 ,:5 !y  measure
 & c5sure m5 z !y receive or reject _!  
peculi>  discov]ies or conceits1 s*ism  
is 9 ! egg4    #b4 ,! fire is bl[n up1  
:5 m5 are desir\s to h a p>ty foll[  !m 
& cry !m up1 & !reupon are busy 9       
p]suad+ o!rs to  be ( _! m9d1 & d speak 
p]v]se ?+s to draw away disciples  aft] 
!m1 ,acts xx4 #cj2 & :5 !y w\ld be c\nt$
 ! ma/]s  ( a p>ty4    #c4 ,! flames    
break =?1 :5 by ?is means ! same *ur*1  
or  div]s *ur*es1 d fall into sev]al    
p>ties burn+ 9 zeal aga9/  ea* o!r1     
abat+ *>ity1 c5sur+ & condemn+ "o ano!r1
  backbit+ & revil+ ea* o!r1 ?r\gh envy 
& /rife2#adc :5  !y look /rangely at "o 
ano!r1 z be+ on sev]al sides1 z if  !y 7

 n *ildr5 ( ! same ,fa!r1 nor memb]s ( !
 same  body2 or z if ,*ri/ 7 divid$1 "o 
be+ ( ,paul1 & ano!r (  ,apollos1 &     
ano!r ( ,cephas1 & e "o ( a faction1    
lett+  out _! ?\ghts 9 jeal\sies & evil 
surmises ( ea* o!r2  p]v]t+ ! words &   
actions ( ea* to an ugly s5se1 &  snat*+
 occasions to repres5t "o ano!r z fools 
or odi\s to !  he>]s1 z if y %\ld pla9ly
 say1 ,i pray y hate or despise  ^! p   
:om ,i hate & despise4 ,?is is ! core ( 
!  plague-sore2 x is s*ism 9 ! bud4     
#d4 ,:5 p 9 ! same *ur* d ga!r into     
private meet+s1 n  "u ! guidance ( _!   
pa/ors1 to edify "o ano!r 9 holy        
ex]cises 9 love & peace1 b 9 opposition 
to _! lawful  pa/ors1 or to "o ano!r1 to
 propagate _! s+ul> op9ions1 &  increase
 _! p>ties1 & speak aga9/ ^? t are n on 
_!  side2 s*ism is !n ready to br+ =? & 
multiply1 & ! sw>m  is ready to come =? 
& be gone4    #e4 ,:5 ^! p actually     
dep>t1 & r5\nce or =sake !  communion ( 
! *ur*1 & ca/ (f _! fai?ful pa/ors1 &   
draw  into a sep>at$ body by !mselves1 &

 *oose !m pa/ors & call  !mselves a     
*ur*1 & all )\t any j1 suffici5t cause3 
:5  ?us *ur*es are ga!r$ out ( *ur*es1  
be=e ! old ones are  dissolv$1 or !y h  
any w>rant to dep>t2 :5 ?us pa/or is set
  up aga9/ pa/or1 *ur* aga9/ *ur*1 &    
alt> aga9/ alt>2  ?is is s*ism ripe &   
fruitful2 ! sw>m is gone1 & hiv$ 9      
ano!r place4    #f4 ,if n[ ! neighb\r   
*ur*es1 by _! pa/ors 9 _! synods1  %all 
9 compassion seek to reclaim ^!         
/raggl]s1 & !y ju/ify  _! unju/         
sep>ation1 & contemn ! c\nsel ( ! *ur*es
 &  m9i/]s ( ,*ri/2 ?is is a confirm$1  
ob/9ate s*ism4    #g4 ,if !y %all also  
judge t *ur* to be no *ur* f :i*  !y    
sep>at$1 & s cut (f a "p ( ! body (     
,*ri/ by an  unrighte\s c5sure1 &       
condemn ! innoc5t1 & usurp au?ority  ov]
 _! guides2 ?is is disob$i5ce &         
un*>itabl5ess )  s*ism4    #h4 ,if !y   
%all also condemn & un*ur* all ! o!r    
*ur*es t  are n ( _! m9d & way1 & r5\nce
 communion ) !m all1  & s condemn       
unju/ly a great "p ( ! body ( ,*ri/ on  

e>?1  ?is is to add fury & rebellion to 
an un*>itable s*ism4 ,& if to  cov] _!  
s91 !y %all unju/ly *>ge ^! *ur*es :i*  
!y  reject1 ) h]esy or wick$ness1 !y d b
 multiply _! crimes  by su* ext5uations4
    #i4 ,if ! op9ion t all ?is ado is   
made =1 be a damn+ error1  aga9/ "s     
ess5tial po9t ( ! true religion1 !n x is
 h]esy  z well z s*ism4    #aj4 ,if ?is 
sep>ation f ! *ur* be made 9 def5ce ( an
  ungodly life1 aga9/ ! discipl9e ( !   
*ur*2 if a wick$ sort  ( m5 %all )draw f
 ! *ur* to avoid ! disgrace (           
confession or excommunication2 & %all   
fir/ ca/ (f ! *ur*1  le/ ! *ur* %\ld    
proce$ to ca/ out !m2 & s !y sep>ate  t 
!y may h none to gov]n & tr\ble !m b    
!mselves2  ?is is a pr(ane1 rebelli\s   
s*ism4 ,?is is ! common c\rse (  s*ism  
:5 x gr[e? t[>ds ! height4    #aa4      
,besides all ^!1 !re is yet a m p]nici\s
 way ( s*ism1  :i* ! *ur* or c\rt (     
,rome is guilty (3 !y make new articles 
( fai?1 & new po9ts ( religion1 & a new 
wor%ip--( ,god1 %all  ,i say1 or ( bread

 z if x 7 a god8 ,& all ^! !y put into a
  law1 & impose !m on all ! o!r *ur*es2 
yea1 !y put !m  into an oa?1 & require  
m5 to swe> t )\t any d\bt+ !y  believe  
!m to be true3 !y pret5d to h au?ority =
 all ?is1  z ,rome is ! mi/ress ( all   
o!r *ur*es4 ,!y set up a new  univ]sal  
head1 z an ess5tial "p ( ! ca?olic *ur*1
 & s  f\nd or feign a new k9d ( ca?olic 
*ur*3 & he t w n  obey !m 9 all ?is1 !y 
r5\nce communion ) him2 & to hide  ?is  
horrid1 notori\s s*ism1 !y call all     
s*ismatics t are n  ?us subject$ to !m4 
#ab4 ,& to advance _! s*ism to ! height1
 z f> z arrogance c  aspire1 !y n only  
refuse communion ) ^? f :om !y  sep>ate1
 b condemn !m z no pa/ors1 no *ur*es1 no
 *ri/ians1  t are n subject to !m 9 ?is 
_! usurpation2 & !y1 t  are b ab\t !    
?ird or f\r? "p 7at mo/7 ( ! *ri/ian    
_w1 d condemn ! body ( ,*ri/ to hell    
7ev5 all ! re/7  because !y are n       
subjects ( ! pope4    ,besides all ?is  
crim9al1 odi\s s*ism1 ( impos]s or      
sep>at]s1  !re is a degree ( s*ism or   

unju/ division1 :i* may be !  infirmity 
( a good & peaceable p]son4 ,z if a     
humble1 t5d]  *ri/ian %\ld mi/ak+ly ?9k 
x unlawful to d "s action1 t  is impos$ 
^u all t w hold communion ) t p>ticul>  
*ur* 7su* z ,paul speake? ( ,rom4 xiv4  
if !y _h be5 impos$72  & if he1 suspect+
 8 own und]/&+1 d use all means to "k  !
 tru?1 & yet /ill cont9ue? 9 8 mi/ake2  
if ?is *ri/ian  d =be> all revil+ ( 8   
sup]iors1 & c5sur+ ^? t  diff] f him1 & 
draw+ o!rs to 8 op9ion1 b yet d>e n  jo9
 ) ! *ur* 9 t :i* he take? to be a s91  
?is is a  s9ful sort ( )draw+1 because x
 is ^u mi/ake2 b yet x is  b a p>donable
 infirmity1 consi/5t ) integrity & !    
fav\r  ( ,god4    ,sid5ote3 ,:at        
sep>ation is a duty4    ,,iv4 ,9 ^!     
cases foll[+ sep>ation is our duty & n a
 s94  #a4 ,! *ur*'s sep>ation f !       
unbeliev+ _w is a necess>y  duty3 = :at 
is a *ur*1 b a society d$icat$ or       
sanctifi$ to  ,god1 by sep>ation f ! re/
 ( ! _w8 #b ,cor4 vi4 #ag1 #ah1  ,:]e=e 
come out f among !m1 & be ye sep>ate1   

sai? !  ,"l1 & t\* n ! unclean ?+1 & ,i 
w receive y1 &  w be a ,fa!r unto y1 &  
ye %all be my sons & daught]s1  sai? !  
,"l ,almighty4 ,! *ur* is a holy p1 &   
!re=e a  sep>at$ p4#add    #b4 ,if a    
*ur* apo/atize & =sake ! fai?1 or if !y 
turn  notori\sly h]etical1 d5y+ op5ly   
any "o ess5tial article ( !  fai?1 & ?is
 n only by an undisc]n$ consequ5ce1 b   
directly  9 express t]ms or s5se1 x is  
our duty to d5y to hold communion  ) su*
 apo/ates or h]etics2 = x is _! sep>at+ 
f  ,*ri/ t is ! s9ful sep>ation1 & make?
 x necess>y to u to  sep>ate f !m4 ,b   
?is is no excuse to any *ur* or p]son1  
t %all falsely accuse any o!r *ur* or   
p]son ( h]esy1  7because ( "s =c$ or    
dis[n$ consequ5ces ( 8 doctr9e17 &  !n  
sep>ate f !m :5 !y h ?us injur$ !m by _!
  calumnies or c5sures4    #c4 ,we are n
 b\nd to own t z a *ur* :i* make? n a   
visible  pr(ession ( fai? & hol9ess2 t  
is1 if ! pa/ors & a  suffici5t numb] ( !
 flock make n ?is pr(ession4 ,= z !     
pa/or & flock are ! con/itu5t p>ts ( !  

*ur*1 politically  consid]$1 s pr(ession
 ( fai? & hol9ess is ! ess5tial         
qualification ( ! memb]s4 ,if ei!r      
pa/ors or p want ?is  pr(ession1 x is no
 political *ur*2 b if ! p pr(ess true   
religion1 & h no pa/ors1 x is a         
community ( believ]s1 or a  *ur*        
unorganiz$1 & z su* to be ackn[l$g$4    
#d4 ,if any %all unlawfully con/itute a 
new political *ur* =m1 by  mak+ new     
con/itutive (fic]s to be its visible    
head1 :i* ,*ri/  nev] appo9t$1 we are n 
to hold communion ) ! *ur* 9 its  devis$
 =m or polity2 ?\gh we may hold         
communion ) ! memb]s  ( x consid]$ z    
*ri/ians & memb]s ( ! univ]sal *ur*4    
,m>k well1 t ,i d n say t e new devis$  
(fic]  disoblige? u f su* communion1 b  
su* z ,i describe2 :i* ,i  %all fulli]  
op54    ,sid5ote3 ,:e!r any =m ( *ur*   
gov]nm5t be ( div9e  appo9tm5t2 & :e!r  
man may appo9t any o!r8    ,que/4 ,may n
 m5 place new (fic]s 9 ! *ur*2 & new =ms
  ( gov]nm5t :i* ,god nev] in/itut$8 ,or
 is !re any =m &  (fic]s ( div9e        

in/itution8    ,answ4 ,?\gh ,i answ]$   
?is be=e1 ,i %all "h briefly answ] x    
aga94 #a4 ,!re are "s sorts ( (fic]s t  
are ess5tial to !  polity1 or *ur* =m1 &
 "s t are only ne$ful to !  well-be+ (  
x1 & "s t are only accid5tal4 #b4 ,!re  
is a  *ur* =m ( ,god's own in/itution1 &
 !re is a sup]add$ human  polity1 or =m4
 ,!re are two sorts ( *ur*es1 or *ur*   
=ms1 (  ,god's own in/itution4 ,! fir/  
is ! univ]sal *ur* consid]$  politically
 z head$ by ,jesus ,*ri/3 ?is is s (    
div9e  appo9tm5t1 z t x is an article ( 
our cre$4 ,"h if any man  devise &      
sup]9duce ano!r head ( ! univ]sal *ur*1 
:i* ,god  nev] appo9t$1 ?\gh he pret5d  
to hold 8 sov]eignty f ,*ri/  & "u him1 
x is treason aga9/ ! sov]eignty ( ,*ri/1
 z  sett+ up a univ]sal gov]nm5t or     
sov]eign 9 8 *ur* )\t  8 au?ority &     
cons5t4 ,?us ! pope is ! usurp+ head ( a
  rebellion aga9/ ,*ri/1 & 9 t s5se by  
prote/ants call$  anti*ri/2 & he is     
guilty ( ! rebellion t subscribe? to or 
owne? 8 usurpation1 or swe>e? to him z 8

 gov]nor1 ?\gh he  promise to obey him b
 9 licitis et hone/is2 because x is n   
lawful or hone/ to cons5t to a usurp]'s 
gov]nm5t4 ,if a usurp]  %\ld            
traitor\sly1 )\t ! k+'s cons5t1 proclaim
 himself  vice-k+ ( ,irel& or ,scotl&1 &
 falsely say t he ha? !  k+'s au?ority1 
:5 ! k+ disclaime? him1 he t %\ld       
volunt>ily swe> ob$i5ce to him 9 ?+s    
lawful & hone/1 do?  volunt>ily own 8   
usurpation & treason4 ,& x is n !       
lawfulness & hone/y ( ! matt] :i* w     
w>rant u to own !  usurpation ( !       
comm&]4#ade ,& secondly1 !re is ano!r   
subord9ate *ur* =m ( ,*ri/'s in/itution2
 t is1 p>ticul>  *ur*es consi/+ ( pa/ors
 & p conjo9$ = p]sonal  communion 9     
,god's wor%ip4 ,^! are to ! univ]sal    
*ur*1 z  p>ticul> corporations are to a 
k+dom1 ev5 su* p>ts ( x z  h a di/9ct   
subord9ate polity ( _! own3 x is no city
 or  corporation1 if !y h n _! mayors1  
bailiffs1 or o!r *ief  (fic]s1 subject  
to ! k+1 z gov]nors ( ! p "u him3  & x  
is no p>ticul> *ur*1 9 a political s5se1

 b only a  community1 if !y h n _!      
pa/ors to be "u ,*ri/1 _!  spiritual    
conductors 9 ! matt]s ( salvation2 z !re
 is no  s*ool :i* is n con/itut$ ( tea*]
 & s*ol>s4 ,t  p>ticul> organiz$        
political *ur*es are ( ,*ri/'s          
in/itution1  7by 8 ,_s 9 ! apo/les17 is 
und5iable4 ,acts xiv4 #bc1 ,!y  orda9$  
!m eld]s 9 e *ur*4 ,tit4 i4 #e1 ,orda9  
eld]s 9  e city1 z ,i comm&$ !e4 ,acts  
xx4 #ag1 ,he s5t to ,ephesus &  call$ ! 
eld]s ( ! *ur*4 ,v]4 #bh1 ,take he$ to  
y\rselves  & to all ! flock1 ov] :i* !  
,holy ,gho/ ha? made y  ov]se]s1 to fe$ 
! *ur* ( ,god4 ,s #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab1 #ac2 
,heb4  xiii4 #g1 #ag1 #bd1 c4 #a ,cor4  
vii4 #bc1 ,if ! :ole *ur* be come       
toge!r into "o place1 c4 ,?us f> x is no
 "q b *ur*  =ms & gov]nm5t is ( div9e   
appo9tm5t2 & man c no m  alt] ?is1 or   
set up su* o!r1 )\t ,god's cons5t1 ?an a
  subject c alt] or make corporations   
)\t ! k+'s cons5t4 #c4  ,b besides ^!   
two sorts ( div9e in/itution1 !re are   
o!r  all[able associations :i* "s call  

*ur*es4 ,god ha? requir$  ^! p>ticul>   
*ur*es to hold su* communion z !y are   
capable  (1 = promot+ ! common ends (   
*ri/ianity2 & prud5ce is  left to       
det]m9e ( ! times1 & places1 & mann] (  
_!  pa/ors' assemblies1 c\ncils1 &      
correspond5cies accord+ to ,god's  g5]al
 rules4 ,if any w call ^! c\ncils1 or ! 
associations  engag$ = special          
correspond5cies1 by ! "n ( *ur*es1 ,i w 
n tr\ble any ) a /rife ab\t ! "n4 ,9 ?is
 case1 s f> z  m5 h p[] to make t       
association or comb9ation :i* !y call  a
 *ur*1 s also if !y make (fic]s suit$ to
 its ends1 n  encroa*+ ^u ! *ur*es or   
(fic]s ( ,*ri/'s own in/itution1  ,i am 
none ( ^? t w cont5d aga9/ !m2 nor w ?is
 all[  u to d5y communion ) !m4 ,& 9 ^? 
*ur*es :i* ,*ri/  himself ha? in/itut$1 
!re are (fic]s t make b = !  integrity1 
& n = ! political ess5ce ( ! *ur*3 z    
deacons1 & all pa/ors or presbyt]s m ?an
 "o4 ,= x is n  ess5tial to x to h any  
deacons1 or _m pa/ors4 ,z to ?is sort  (
 (fic]s1 ,*ri/ ha? appo9t$ !m1 & x is n 

9 man's p[]  to alt] 8 in/itution1 nor  
to set up any su* l 9 co-ord9ation  )   
^!3 b yet if !y %\ld d s1 z long z !    
true  ess5tials ( ! *ur* rema91 ,i am n 
to d5y communion ) t  *ur*1 s ,i own n  
?is corruption4 #d4 ,b !re are also z   
circum/antial employm5ts ab\t ,god's    
wor%ip1 s (fic]s to d  ^? employm5ts1   
:i* m5 may lawfully in/itute3 z cl]ks1  
*ur*w>d5s1 door-keep]s1 r+]s1 c4 ,x is n
 ! add+ (  ^! t is any s94 ,by ?is "t y 
may see pla9ly bo? h[ f>  *ur*es1       
(fic]s1 & *ur* gov]nm5t is jure div9o1 &
 h[  f> man may or may n add or alt]1 & 
:at ,i meant 9 my  proposition1 viz4 ,t 
if m5 introduce a new univ]sal head to !
  *ur* ca?olic1 or a new head to        
p>ticul> *ur*es1 in/ead ( t  ( ,*ri/'s  
in/itution1 ?is is1 9 s5su politico1 to 
make new  species ( *ur*es1 & de/roy ^? 
t ,*ri/ ha? in/itut$  7= ! p>s gub]nans 
& p>s gub]nata are ! ess5tial           
con/itu5ts ( a *ur*74 ,& ) su* a *ur*1 z
 su*1 9 specie1  ,i mu/ h no communion  
7:i* is our case ) ! papal *ur*72  ?\gh 

) ! mat]ial p>ts ( t *ur*1 z memb]s (   
,*ri/1 ,i  may hold communion /ill4     
#e4 ,if p>ticul> memb]s are guilty (    
ob/9ate imp5it5cy 9 true  h]esy1 or     
ungodl9ess1 or any sc&al\s crime1 ! *ur*
 may &  mu/ remove su* f h] communion2 =
 x is ! communion (  sa9ts4 ,& ! (f5d]  
is ! cause ( ?is sep>ation4    #f4 ,if a
 :ole *ur* be guilty ( "s notori\s1     
sc&al\s s91 &  refuse ) ob/9acy to rep5t
 & re=m1 :5 admoni%$ by  neighb\r       
*ur*es1 or if t *ur* d ?us def5d su* a  
s9 9 any  ( h] memb]s1 s z op5ly to own 
x2 o!r *ur*es may refuse  communion )   
h]1 till %e rep5t & be re=m$4 ,or if !y 
see  cause to hold communion ) h] 9 o!r 
respects1 yet 9 ?is !y  mu/ h none4#adf 
#g4 ,if any *ur* w admit none to h]     
p]sonal communion1 b ^?  t w take "s    
false oa?1 or subscribe any untru?1 or  
tell a  lie1 ?\gh t *ur* d ?9k x to be  
true1 7z ! ,tr5t oa?  :i* _! prie/s all 
swe>17 x is n lawful to d any su*       
unlawful ?+ to obta9 communion ) t *ur*3
 & he t  refuse? 9 ?is case to commit   

?is s91 is no way guilty ( !  sep>ation1
 b is comm5dable = be+ true to ,god4#adg
 ,& ?\gh  ! case may be sad to be       
depriv$ ( ! lib]ty ( public wor%ip1  & !
 b5efits ( public communion ) t *ur*1   
yet s9 is  worse1 & ob$i5ce is bett] ?an
 sacrifice4#adh ,god w n be  s]v$ ) s91 
nor accept ! sacrifice ( a disob$i5t    
fool1  ,eccles4 v4 #a1 #b4 ,nor mu/ we  
lie to glorify him1 nor d evil t good   
may come by x3 j is ! damnation ( su*   
s]v]s ( ,god1 ,rom4 i4  #g1 #h4 ,all    
public wor%ip is r to be omitt$1 ?an any
 "o s9  committ$ to enjoy x 7?\gh nei!r 
%\ld be done :]e x is  possible to d    
bett]74 ,x is n s unwise to ?9k to fe$ a
 man  ) poisons1 z to ?9k to s]ve ,god  
acceptably by s94    #h4 ,if any "o *ur*
 w\ld ambiti\sly usurp a gov]n+ p[] ov] 
o!rs1 7z ,rome do? ov] ! _w17 x is no   
unw>rantable  sep>ation to refuse !     
gov]nm5t ( t usurp+ *ur*4 ,we may  hold 
communion ) !m z *ri/ians1 & yet refuse 
to be _!  subjects4 ,& !re=e x is a pr\d
 & ignorant compla9t ( !  *ur* ( ,rome1 

t ! prote/ants sep>ate f !m z to        
communion1 because !y w n take !m = _!  
gov]nors4    #i4 ,if any by viol5ce w   
bani% or ca/ out ! true bi%ops or       
pa/ors ( ! *ur*1 & set up usurp]s 9 _!  
/ead1 7z 9 !  ,arians' p]secution x 0   
commonly done17 x is no culpable        
sep>ation1 b laudable1 & a duty1 = ! p  
to own _!  relation to _! true pa/ors1 &
 d5y communion ) ! usurp]s3  z ! p ( !  
ea/]n *ur*es did commonly refuse        
communion  ) ! intrud+ bi%ops1 ev5 to ! 
dea?1 tell+ ! civil  rul]s1 t !y _h     
bi%ops ( _! own1 to :om !y w\ld adh]e4  
#aj4 ,if a true *ur* w ob/9ately d5y h] 
memb]s ! use ( any  "o ord9ance ( ,god1 
z prea*+ or read+ ,scripture1 or pray]1 
or  praise1 or discipl9e1 :ile x reta9e?
 all ! re/1 ?\gh we may  n sep>ate f ?is
 *ur* z no *ur*1 7:i* yet 9 ! case (    
total rejection ( pray] or praise1 is v 
que/ionable at lea/17  yet if we h      
opportunity1 we mu/ remove our local    
communion to a  m edify+ *ur*1 t use?   
all ! public ord9ances ( ,god3  unless !

 public good =bid1 or "s great imp$im5t 
or contr>y  duty be our excuse4    #aa4 
,if a true *ur* w n ca/ out any         
imp5it5t1 notori\s1  sc&al\s s9n]1 ?\gh 
,i am n to sep>ate f ! *ur*1 yet ,i  am 
b\nd to avoid private famili>ity ) su* a
 p]son1 t he may  be a%am$1 & t ,i      
p>take n ( 8 s94#adi    #ab4 ,z ! *ur*  
ha? div]sity ( memb]s1 "s m holy1 & "s  
less1 & "s ( ^: s9c]ity we h small hope1
 "s t are  m hon\rable1 & "s less1 "s t 
walk blamelessly1 & "s  t "w iniquity2 s
 m9i/]s & private memb]s are b\nd to    
diff]5ce betwe5 !m accord+ly1 & to hon\r
 & love "s f>  above o!rs1 :om yet we   
may n excommunicate2 & ?is is no s9ful  
sep>ation4#aej    #ac4 ,if ! *ur* t ,i  
live & communicate )1 d hold any        
tol]able error1 ,i may diff] !re9 f !   
*ur*1 )\t a  culpable sep>ation4 ,union 
) ! *ur* may be cont9u$ ) all  !        
div]sities be=e m5tion$1 direct4 iii4   
#ad4 ,9 case ( p]secution 9 "o *ur* or  
city1 :5 ! s]vants (  ,*ri/ d fly to    
ano!r1 7hav+ no special reason to =bid  

x17  ?is is no s9ful sep>ation1 ,matt4  
x4 #bc4    #ae4 ,if ! public s]vice ( ! 
*ur* require a m9i/] or private  *ri/ian
 to remove to ano!r *ur*1 if x be done  
delib]ately &  ^u good advice1 x is no  
s9ful sep>ation4    #af4 ,if a lawful   
pr9ce or magi/rate comm& u to remove our
  habitation1 or comm& a m9i/] f "o *ur*
 to ano!r1 :5 x  is n notori\sly to !   
detrim5t ( ! common int]e/ (  religion1 
x is no s9ful sep>ation to obey !       
magi/rate4    #ag4 ,if a poor *ri/ian t 
ha? a due & t5d] c>e ( 8  salvation1 d  
f9d t "u "o m9i/] 8 s\l decl9e? &  gr[e?
 dead1 & "u ano!r t is m s\nd1 & cle>1 &
  lively1 he is mu* edifi$ to a holy &  
heav5ly frame & life1 &  if h]eupon1    
pref]r+ 8 salvation be=e all ?+s1 he    
remove to  t *ur* & m9i/] :]e he is mo/ 
edifi$1 )\t un*ur*+  ! o!r by 8 c5sures1
 ?is is no s9ful sep>ation1 b a  pref]r+
 ! "o ?+ ne$ful be=e all4    #ah4 ,if "o
 "p ( ! *ur* h leisure1 opportunity1    
cause1 &  e>ne/ desires to meet (t5] = !
 edify+ ( _! s\ls1 &  r$eem+ _! "t1 ?an 

! poor]1 lab\r+1 or c>eless & less      
zeal\s "p w meet1 9 any fit place1 "u ! 
ov]sight &  conduct ( _! pa/ors1 & n 9  
opposition to ! m public1  full         
assemblies1 z !y did1 ,acts xii4 #ab1 to
 pray = ,pet] at !  h\se ( ,m>y1 :]e _m 
7 ga!r$ toge!r pray+2 & ,acts  x4 #a1 c4
 ?is is no s9ful sep>ation4    #ai4 ,if 
a man's own outw>d affairs require him  
to remove 8  habitation f "o city or    
c\ntry to ano!r1 & !re be no  great]    
matt] to prohibit x1 he may lawfully    
remove 8 local  communion f ! *ur* t he 
be=e liv$ )1 to t :i*  reside? 9 ! place
 he goe? to4 ,= ) di/ant *ur*es &       
*ri/ians ,i c h none b m5tal communion1 
or by di/ant means  7z writ+1 mess5g]s1 
c472 x is only ) pres5t *ri/ians t  ,i c
 h local1 p]sonal communion4    #bj4 ,x 
is possible 9 "s cases t a man may live 
long )\t  local1 p]sonal communion ) any
 *ri/ians or *ur* at all1 &  yet n be   
guilty ( s9ful sep>ation4 ,z ! k+'s     
ambassador or  ag5t 9 a l& ( infidels1  
or "s travell]1 m]*ants1 factors1 or    

su* z g to conv]t ! infidels1 or ^? t   
are bani%$ or  imprison$4 ,9 all ^!     
tw5ty cases1 "s k9d ( sep>ation may be  
lawful4    #ba4 ,"o m ,i may add1 :i*   
is1 :5 ! temples are s small1 &  !      
congregations s great1 t !re is no room 
to he> & jo9 9  ! public wor%ip2 or :5 !
 *ur* is s excessively great1 z to  be  
uncapable ( ! prop] ends ( ! society2 9 
?is case to divide  or )draw1 is no     
s9ful sep>ation4 ,:5 "o hive w n hold ! 
bees1 ! sw>m mu/ seek !mselves ano!r1   
)\t ! injury (  ! re/4    ,by all ?is y 
may p]ceive1 t s9ful sep>ation is fir/ 9
 a  c5sori\s1 un*>itable m9d1 condemn+  
*ur*es1 m9i/]s1 &  wor%ip causelessly1 z
 unfit = !m to h communion )4 ,&        
secondly1 x is 9 ! p]sonal sep>ation :i*
 is made 9 pursuance  ( ?is c5sure3 b n 
9 any local removal t is made on o!r    
lawful gr\nds4    ,direct4 ,,iv4 ,und]/&
 & consid] well ! reasons :y ,*ri/ s    
frequ5tly & e>ne/ly presse? concord on 8
 *ur*1 & :y he s  vehem5tly =bidde?     
divisions4 ,obs]ve h[ mu* ! ,scripture  

speake? to ?is purpose1 & ^u :at weighty
 reasons4 ,"h are f\r  ?+s di/9ctly to  
be repres5t$ to y\r s]i\s consid]ation4 
#a4  ,h[ _m1 pla91 & urg5t are ! texts t
 speak = unity1 &  condemn division4 #b4
 ,! great b5efits ( concord4 #c4 ,& !   
mis*iefs ( discord & divisions 9 ! *ur*4
 #d4 ,& !  aggravations ( ! s94    ,i4  
,a true *ri/ian1 t hate? =nication1     
drunk5ness1 ly+1  p]jury1 because !y are
 =bidd5 9 ! ^w ( ,god1 w hate  divisions
 also :5 he well obs]ve? h[ frequ5tly & 
vehem5tly  !y are =bidd51 & concord     
highly comm5d$ & comm&$4 ,john  xvii4   
#ba-bc1 ,t !y all may be "o2 z ?\1      
,fa!r1 art 9 me1  & ,i 9 !e1 t !y also  
may be "o 9 u2 t ! _w may  believe t ?\ 
ha/ s5t me4 ,& ! glory :i* ?\ gave/ me  
,i  h giv5 !m2 t !y may be "o1 ev5 z we 
are "o3 ,i 9 !m1  & ?\ 9 me1 t !y may be
 made p]fect 9 "o2 & t !  _w may "k t ?\
 ha/ s5t me1 & ha/ lov$ !m1 z ?\  ha/   
lov$ me4 ,"h y see1 t ! unity ( ! sa9ts 
mu/ be a  special means to conv9ce !    
infidel _w ( ! tru? (  *ri/ianity1 & to 

prove ,god's special love to 8 *ur*1 &  
also  to accompli% _! own p]fection4 #a 
,cor4 i4 #aj1 ,n[ ,i besee* y1  bre?r51 
by ! "n ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/1 t ye all
 speak !  same ?+1 & t !re be no        
divisions 7or s*isms7 among y2 b  t ye  
be p]fectly jo9$ toge!r 9 ! same m9d1 & 
9 ! same  judgm5t4 ,= x ha? be5 decl>$  
to me ( y1 my bre?r51--t  !re are       
cont5tions among y4 #a ,cor4 iii4 #c1 ,=
 ye are yet  c>nal3 = :]eas !re is among
 y envy+1 7zeal17 & /rife1  & divisions1
 7or p>ties1 or factions17 are ye n     
c>nal1 & walk  z m58 ,= :ile "o sai?1 ,i
 am ( ,paul1 & ano!r1 ,i am (  ,apollos1
 are ye n c>nal8 ,phil4 ii4 #a-d1 ,if   
!re be any  consolation 9 ,*ri/1 if any 
com=t ( love1 if any fell[%ip (  ! ,_s1 
if any b[els & m]cies1 fulfil ye my joy1
 t ye be  l-m9d$1 hav+ ! same love1 ( "o
 accord1 ( "o m9d4 ,let  no?+ be done   
?r\gh /rife or va9-glory1 b 9 l[l9ess ( 
m9d  let ea* e/eem o!rs bett] ?an       
!mselves4 ,rom4 xvi4 #ag1 #ah1 ,n[  ,i  
besee* y1 bre?r51 m>k !m :i* cause      

divisions 7or p>ties7  & (f5ces1 7or    
sc&als17 contr>y to ! doctr9e :i* ye h  
le>n$1 & avoid !m4 ,abundance m su*     
texts may be  recit$4#aea    ,sid5ote3  
,! b5efits ( concord4    ,,ii4 ,! great 
b5efits ( ! concord ( *ri/ians are ^!   
foll[+4 #a4 ,x is necess>y to ! v life (
 ! *ur* & its  sev]al memb]s1 t !y be   
all "o body4 ,z _! union ) ,*ri/  ! head
 & pr9ciple ( _! life is pr9cipally     
necess>y1 s  unity among !mselves is    
second>ily necess>y1 = ! conveyance  &  
reception ( t life :i* fl[e? to all f   
,*ri/4 ,=  ?\gh ! head be ! f\nta9 (    
life1 yet ! n]ves & o!r  p>ts mu/ convey
 t life unto ! memb]s2 & if any memb] be
 cut  (f or sep>at$ f ! body1 x is      
sep>at$ also f ! head1  & p]i%e?4 ,m>k  
well ^? words ( ! apo/le1 ,eph4 iv4     
#c-af1  ,endeav\r+ to keep ! unity ( !  
,_s 9 ! bond ( peace4  ,!re is "o body1 
& "o ,_s1 ev5 z ye are call$ 9 "o hope  
( y\r call+3 "o ,"l1 "o fai?1 "o        
baptism1 "o ,god & ,fa!r  ( all1 :o is  
above all1 & ?r\gh all1 & 9 y all4 ,b   

unto  e "o ( u is giv5 grace accord+ to 
! measure ( ! gift (  ,*ri/4--,& he gave
 "s1 apo/les2 & "s1 prophets2 & "s1     
evangeli/s2 & "s1 pa/ors & tea*]s2 = !  
p]fect+ ( !  sa9ts1 = ! "w ( ! m9i/ry1 =
 ! edify+ ( ! body (  ,*ri/1 till we all
 come 9 ! unity ( ! fai?1 & ( !  k ( !  
,son ( ,god1 to a p]fect man1 unto !    
measure ( !  /ature ( ! fulness ( ,*ri/3
 t--speak+ ! tru? 9 love1 we  may gr[ up
 into him 9 all ?+s1 :i* is ! ,head1 ev5
 ,*ri/2  f :om ! :ole body fitly jo9$   
toge!r1 & compact$ by e  jo9t ( supply1 
accord+ to ! effectual work+ 9 ! measure
 (  e "p1 make? increase ( ! body to !  
edify+ ( itself 9  love4 ,see "h h[ !   
*ur*'s unity is necess>y to its life &  
increase1 & to ! due nutrition ( all !  
p>ts4    #b4 ,! unity ( ! *ur*1 & !     
concord ( believ]s1 is necess>y  to its 
/r5g? & safety2 = ,*ri/ also /r5g!ne? z 
well z  quick5e? !m by suitable means4  
,woe to him t is alone6 b 9  ! army ( ! 
,"l ( ho/s we may safely m>* on1 :5     
/raggl]s  are cat*$ up or kill$ by !    

weake/ enemy4 ,a ?reefold cord is n     
easily brok54 ,enemies bo? spiritual &  
corporal are det]r$ f  assault+ ! *ur*  
or any ( its memb]s1 :ile !y see u walk 
9  our milit>y unity & ord]4 ,9 ?is     
po/ure e man is a bless+  & def5ce unto 
8 neighb\r4 ,z e soldi] ha? ! b5efit (  
all ! conduct1 wisdom1 & val\r ( ! :ole 
army1 :ile he  keepe? 9 8 place2 s e    
weak *ri/ian ha? ! use & b5efit  ( all !
 le>n+1 ! wisdom1 & gifts ( ! *ur*1 :ile
 he  keepe? 8 /ation1 & walke? ord]ly 9 
! *ur*4 ,! h&1 !  eye1 ! e>1 ! foot1 & e
 memb] ( ! body1 is z ready to  help or 
s]ve ! :ole1 & e o!r p>ticul> memb]1 z  
itself2  b if x be cut (f1 x is nei!r   
helpful1 nor to be help$4 ,oh :at  m]cy 
is x = e *ri/ian1 t is unable to help   
himself1 to  h ! help ( all ! *ur* (    
,god6 _! directions1 _!  exhortations1  
_! love1 _! pray]1 _! lib]ality &       
compassion1 accord+ to _! sev]al        
abilities & opportunities6 z  infants & 
sick p]sons h ! help ( all ! re/ ( !    
family  t are 9 heal?4    #c4 ,unity &  

concord1 z !y proce$ f love1 s !y       
greatly  *]i% & increase love2 ev5 z !  
lay+ ( ! wood or coals  toge!r is       
necess>y to ! mak+ ( ! fire1 :i* !      
sep>at+  ( !m w put out4#aeb ,holy      
concord *]i%e? holy conv]se &           
communion2 & holy communion p[]fully    
k9dle? holy love4 ,:5 !  s]vants ( ,*ri/
 d see 9 ea* o!r ! lu/re ( 8 graces1 &  
he> f ea* o!r ! heav5ly language :i*    
fl[e? f a div9e  & heav5ly m9d1 ?is     
pot5tly k9dle? _! affections to ea*     
o!r1 & make? !m close ) ^? z ! sons (   
,god1 9 :om  !y f9d s mu* ( ,god2 yea1 x
 cause? !m to love ,god himself 9  o!rs1
 ) a rev]5t1 admir+1 & transc5d5t love1 
:5 o!rs1  at ! be/1 c love !m b z m54   
,concord is ! womb & soil (  love1      
al?\gh x be fir/ its prog5y4 ,9         
quietness & peace !  voice ( peace is   
mo/ reg>d$4    #d4 ,unity & concord is !
 *ur*'s beauty3 x make? u amiable ev5   
to ! eye ( nature1 & v5]able & t]rible  
ev5 to ! eye (  malice4 ,a concord 9 s9 
is no m hon\r1 ?an x is = conqu]$  m5 to

 g toge!r 9 multitudes to prison or     
captivity2 or = bea/s  to g by droves   
unto ! slaught]4 ,b to see ! *ur*es (   
,*ri/  ) "o he>t & s\l ackn[l$g+ _!     
,mak] & ,r$eem]1 &  s++ 8 praise z ) "o 
voice1 & liv+ toge!r 9 love &  concord1 
z ^? t h "o pr9ciple1 "o rule1 "o       
nature1 "o  "w1 "o int]e/1 & hope1 &    
end1 ?is is ! truly beaute\s  symmetry1 
& delectable h>mony4 ,psal4 cxxxiii4    
,behold h[ good &  h[ pleasant x is =   
bre?r5 to dwell toge!r 9 unity6 ,x is l 
! preci\s o9tm5t ^u ! head1 t ran d[n ^u
 ! be>d1  ev5 ,a>on's be>d1 t w5t d[n to
 ! skirts ( 8 g>m5t4 ,z  ! dew ( ,h]mon1
 & z ! dew t desc5de? ^u ! m\nta9s  (   
,zion3 = !re ! ,"l comm&$ ! bless+1 ev5 
life =  ev]more4 ,! translators well put
 ?is z ! cont5ts ( ?is  psalm1 ,! b5efit
 ( ! communion ( sa9ts4    #e4 ,!       
concord ( believ]s do? greatly conduce  
to ! successes (  ! m9i/ry1 &           
propagation ( ! gospel1 & ! conviction (
  unbeliev]s1 & ! conv]sion & salvation 
( ungodly s\ls4 ,:5  ,*ri/ praye? = !   

unity ( 8 disciples1 he r$\bl$ ?is      
argum5t f ! effect or end1 t ! _w may   
believe t ?\  ha/ s5t me2 & t ! _w may  
"k t ?\ ha/ s5t me1  & ha/ lov$ !m1 c4  
,john xvii4 #ba1 #bc4 ,w\ld ?is make !  
_w  believe t ,*ri/ 0 s5t ( ,god8 ,yes1 
und\bt$ly if all  *ri/ians 7 r$uc$ to a 
holy concord1 x w\ld d m to w9 !  hea!n 
_w1 ?an all o!r means c d )\t x4 ,x is !
  divisions & ! wick$ness ( pr(ess$     
*ri/ians1 t make?  *ri/ianity s contemn$
 by ! ,mahometans1 & o!r infidels ( !   
_w2 & x is ! holy concord ( *ri/ians t  
w\ld conv9ce  & draw !m home to ,*ri/4  
,love1 & peace1 & concord are su*       
virtues1 z all ! _w is =c$ to applaud1  
not)/&+  nature's enmity to good4 ,:5 ! 
fir/ *ri/ian *ur* 7 all  ) "o accord 9  
"o place1 & cont9u$ daily ) "o accord 9 
! temple1 & break+ bread f h\se to h\se 
p>took ( food  ) gladness & s+l5ess (   
he>t1 & :5 ! multitude (  believ]s 7 (  
"o he>t & ( "o s\l1 ,acts ii4 #a1 #df2  
iv4 #cb1  !n did ,god s5d ^u !m ! ,holy 
,gho/1 & !n 7 ?ree  ?\s& conv]t$ at a   

s]mon1 ,acts ii4 #da2 & ) great p[]     
gave ! apo/les witness ( ! resurrection 
( ! ,"l ,jesus1 &  great grace 0 ^u !m  
all1 ,acts iv4 #cc4    ,sid5ote3 ,h[ our
 concord w\ld promote ! conv]sion (     
infidels4    ,our concord 9 religion ha?
 all ^! advantages = ! conv]t+  (       
unbeliev]s & ungodly m54 #a4 ,x is a    
sign t !re is a  con/ra9+ evid5ce ( tru?
 9 t gospel :i* do? conv9ce s  _m2 a    
concurr5t satisfaction & yield+ to !    
tru?1 is a  p[]ful te/imony = x4 #b4 ,!y
 see !n t religion is n a  matt] (      
worldly policy & design1 :5 s _m m5 (   
contr>y  int]e/s d embrace x4 #c4 ,& !y 
see x is n ! fruit (  melan*oly         
con/itutions1 :5 s _m m5 ( v>i\s        
temp]atures  ent]ta9 x4 #d4 ,!y may see 
t ! gospel ha? p[] to conqu]  t         
self-love & self-int]e/ :i* is ! mo/    
pot5t ?+ 9  vitiat$ nature3 o!rwise x   
c\ld nev] make s _m unite 9 ,god z  _!  
common int]e/ & end4 #e4 ,!y may see t !
 gospel &  ,_s ( ,*ri/ are /rong] ?an ! 
devil & all ! allurem5ts  ( ! fle% & _w1

 :5 !y c make s _m agree 9 !  r5\nc+ (  
all e>?ly vanities1 = ! hopes ( ev]la/+ 
life4  #f4 ,!y w see t ! design &       
doctr9e ( *ri/ianity are good  &        
excell5t1 beseem+ ,god1 & desirable to  
man2 :5 !y see t  !y produce s good     
effects1 z ! love1 & unity1 & concord ( 
mank9d4 #g4 ,& x is an exce$+ great &   
p[]ful help to !  conv]sion ( ! _w 9 ?is
 respect1 because x is a ?+ s           
conspicu\s 9 _! sight1 & s intelligible 
to !m1 & s  approv$ by !m4 ,!y are      
little wr\ght on by ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/   
alone1 because x is visible or audible b
 to few1 & und]/ood by  few]1 & conta9e?
 _m ?+s :i* nature do? di/a/e2 b !  holy
 concord ( believ]s is a ?+ t !y are m  
able to  disc]n & judge (1 & d m g5]ally
 approve4 ,! holy concord  ( *ri/ians   
mu/ be ! conv]sion ( ! unbeliev+ _w1 if 
,god  h s great a m]cy = ! _w2 :i* is a 
consid]ation t  %\ld n only det] u f    
divisions1 b make u zeal\sly /udy  &    
lab\r ) all our int]e/ & might1 = !     
heal+ ( !  lam5table divisions among    

*ri/ians1 if we h ! he>ts (  *ri/ians1 &
 any s5se ( ! int]e/ ( ,*ri/4    #f4 ,! 
concord ( *ri/ians do? greatly conduce  
to ! ease &  peace ( p>ticul> believ]s4 
,! v ex]cise ( love to "o  ano!r do?    
sweet5 all our lives & duties2 we sail  
t[>ds heav5  9 a pleasant calm1 ) w9d & 
tide1 :5 we live 9 love & peace  toge!r4
 ,h[ easy do? x make ! "w ( godl9ess6   
,h[ light a  burd5 do? religion seem1 :5
 we are all z ( "o he>t & s\l6    #g4   
,la/ly1 consid] :e!r ?is be n ! like/   
/ate to heav51  & !re=e h n 9 x ! mo/ ( 
*ri/ian excell5cy &  p]fection8 ,9 heav5
 !re is no discord1 b a p]fect consort (
  glorifi$ spirits1 h>moni\sly lov+ &   
prais+ _! ,creator4 ,&  if heav5 be     
desirable1 holy concord on e>? is next  
desirable4    ,sid5ote3 ,! mis*iefs (   
division4    ,,iii4 ,on ! contr>y1      
consid] well ( ! mis*iefs ( divisions4  
#a4  ,x is ! kill+ ( ! *ur*1 7z mu* z   
lie? 9 ! divid]s17  or ! w\nd+ x at     
lea/4 ,*ri/'s body is "o1 & x is        
s5sible2  & !re=e divid+ x t5de?        

directly to ! de/roy+ x1 &  at lea/ w   
cause its sm>t & pa94 ,to re=m ! *ur* by
  divid+ x1 is no wis] ?an to cut out ! 
liv]1 or sple51 or  gall1 to cleanse !m 
f ! fil? t do? ob/ruct !m1 &  h9d] !m 9 
_! (fice2 y may inde$ ?us cleanse !m1 b 
x  w be a mortal cure4 ,z he t %\ld     
divide ! k+dom into two  k+doms         
dissolve? ! old k+dom1 or "p ( x at     
lea/1 to erect  two new ones2 s he t    
w\ld divide ! ca?olic *ur* into two1    
mu/ !reby de/roy x1 if he c\ld succe$2  
or de/roy t "p  :i* divide? itself f !  
re/4 ,c a memb] live t is cut (f  f !   
body1 or a bran* t is sep>at$ f ! tree8 
,sid5ote3 ,:e!r papi/s or prote/ants are
 s*ismatics4    ,que/4 ,o b1 say !      
,romani/s1 :y !n d y cut (f y\rselves  f
 u8 ! division is made by y1 & we are ! 
*ur*1 & y  are dead till y return to u4 
,h[ w y "k :i* "p is !  *ur*1 :5 a      
division is once made8 ,answ4 ,are y !  
*ur*8 ,are  y ! only *ri/ians 9 ! _w8 ,!
 *ur* is1 all *ri/ians  unit$ 9 ,*ri/ _!
 ,head4 ,y traitor\sly set up a new     

usurp+  head2 & proclaim y\rselves to be
 ! :ole *ur*1 & condemn all  t are n    
subjects to y\r new head3 we keep our   
/ation1 &  disclaim 8 usurpation1 & d5y 
subjection to y1 & tell y t  z y are !  
subjects ( ! pope1 y are none ( ! *ur* (
  ,*ri/ at all2 f ?is treasonable       
conspiracy we )draw ourselves2  b z y   
are ! subjects ( ,*ri/ we nev] divid$ f 
y1 nor  d5i$ y our communion4#aec ,let  
reason judge n[ :o are !  divid]s4 ,& is
 x n easy to "k :i* is ! *ur* 9 !       
division8 ,x is all ^? t are /ill unit$ 
unto ,*ri/3 if y or  we be divid$ f     
,*ri/ & f *ri/ians t are 8 body1 we  are
 !n none ( ! *ur*2 b if we are n divid$ 
f ,*ri/1 we  are ( ! *ur* /ill3 if "p ( 
a tree 7?\gh ! f> great]  "p7 be cut (f 
or sep>at$ f ! re/1 x is t "p 7h[  small
 soev]7 t /ill gr[e? ) ! root t is !    
liv+  tree4 ,! ,indian fig tree1 & "s   
o!r trees1 h bran*es t  take root :5 !y 
t\* ! gr\nd3 if n[ y ask me :e!r !      
bran*es spr++ f ! second root1 are      
memb]s ( ! fir/  tree1 ,i answ]1 #a4 ,! 

re/ t h no new root are m und\bt$ly     
memb]s ( x4 #b4 ,if any bran*es are     
sep>at$ f ! fir/ tree1  & gr[ ^u ! new  
root alone1 ! case is out ( d\bt4 #c4 ,b
 if  yet !y are by cont9uation jo9$ to  
bo?1 t root :i* !y  receive _! nutrim5t 
mo/ f1 is x :i* !y mo/ belong to4       
,suppose a tyrant c\nt]feit a commission
 f ! k+ to be  vice-k+ 9 ,irel&1 &      
proclaim all !m to be traitors t        
receive him n2 ! k+ disclaime? him1 !   
wise/ subjects  r5\nce him1 & ! re/ obey
 him b s z to pr(ess !y d x  because !y 
believe him to be commission$ by ! k+4  
,let !  "q be n[1 :o are ! divid]s 9    
,irel&8 & :o are !  k+'s true/ subjects8
 & :at head x is t d5om9ate? !  k+dom8 &
 :o are ! traitors8 ,?is is y\r case4   
#b4 ,divisions are ! de=mities ( ! *ur*4
 ,cut (f a nose1 or  pluck out an eye1  
or dismemb] ei!r a man or a picture1 &  
see  :e!r y h n de=m$ x4 ,ask any       
compassionate *ri/ian1 ask  any insult+ 
enemy1 :e!r our divisions be n our      
de=mity &  %ame1 ! lam5tation ( fri5ds1 

& ! scorn ( enemies8    #c4 ,! *ur*'s   
divisions are n our own di%on\r alone1 b
 !  injuri\s di%on\r ( ,*ri/1 &         
religion1 & ! gospel4 ,! _w  ?9ke? t    
,*ri/ is an impot5t k+1 t _c keep 8     
k+dom  at unity 9 itself1 :5 he ha?     
himself told u1 t e k+dom  divid$ aga9/ 
itself is br\ght to desolation1 & e city
 or  h\se divid$ aga9/ itself %all n /&1
 ,matt4 xii4 #be4 ,!y  ?9k ! gospel     
t5de? to division1 & is a doctr9e (     
diss5sion1  :5 !y see divisions &       
diss5sions procur$ by x2 !y impute  all 
! faults ( ! subjects to ! ,k+1 & ?9k t 
,*ri/ 0  confus$ 9 8 legislation1 & knew
 n :at to tea* or comm&1  because m5 are
 conf\nd$ 9 _! op9ions or practices1 &  
"k  n :at to ?9k or d4 ,if m5 misund]/& 
! law ( ,*ri/1 &  "o sai?1 ,?is is !    
s5se1 & ano!r sai?1 ,t is ! s5se1  !y   
are ready to ?9k t ,*ri/ spake nons5se1 
or und]/ood n  himself1 because !       
ignorant und]/& him n3 :o is !re t      
conv]se? ) ! ungodly ( ! _w1 t he>e? n  
by _!  reproa* & scorns h[ mu* ,god &   

religion are di%on\r$ by !  divisions ( 
religi\s p8    #d4 ,& ?us also our      
divisions d lam5tably h9d] ! progress ( 
! gospel1 & ! conv]sion & salvation ( ! 
ungodly _w3  !y ?9k !y h small          
enc\ragem5t to be ( y\r religion1 :ile  
y\r divisions seem to tell !m1 t y "k n 
:at religion to  be ( y\rselves4 ,:atev]
 ,satan or wick$ m5 w\ld say aga9/      
religion to disc\rage ! ungodly f x1 !  
same w exasp]at$  p]sons 9 ^! divisions 
say aga9/ ea* o!r's way2 & :5  e "o ( y 
condemne? ano!r1 h[ %\ld ! consci5ces ( 
!  ungodly p]suade !m to accept         
salvation 9 any ( ^? ways1 :i*  y ?us   
condemn8 ,d\btless ! divisions ( !      
*ri/ian _w h  done m to h9d] ! conv]sion
 ( infidels1 & keep ! hea!n  &          
,mahometan _w 9 _! damnable ignorance & 
delusions1 ?an  all our p[] is able to  
undo2 & h produc$ su* desolations (  !  
*ur* ( ,*ri/1 & su* a pl5tiful h>ve/ &  
k+dom = !  devil1 z e t5d] *ri/ian he>t 
is b\nd to lam5t ) te>s  ( bitt]ness4   
,if x mu/ be t su* (f5ces %all come1 yet

 woe to  ^? by :om !y come6    #e4      
,divisions lay op5 ! *ur*es ( ,*ri/1 n  
only to ! scorn1  b to ! malice1 w1 &   
fury ( _! enemies4 ,a k+dom or h\se     
divid$ _c /&1 ,matt4 xii4 #be4 ,:]e ha? 
! *ur* be5  de/roy$1 or religion root$  
out1 9 any nation ( ! e>?1 b  divisions 
_h a pr9cipal h& 9 ! effect8 ,oh :at    
desolations h  !y made among ! flocks ( 
,*ri/6 ,z ,s5eca & o!rs op5$  _! ve9s & 
bl$ to dea?1 :5 ,n]o or su* o!r tyrants 
did  s5d !m _! comm&s to die2 ev5 s h _m
 *ur*es done by  _! divisions1 to !     
gratify+ ( ,satan1 ! enemy ( s\ls4      
#f4 ,divisions among *ri/ians d greatly 
h9d] ! edification ( !  memb]s ( ! *ur*2
 :ile !y are possess$ ) envy+s &  di/a/e
 ( "o ano!r1 !y lose all ! b5efit ( ea* 
o!r's  gifts1 & ( t holy communion :i*  
!y %\ld h ) "o  ano!r4#aed ,& !y are    
possess$ ) t zeal & wisdom1 :i*  ,james 
calle? e>?ly1 s5sual1 & devili%1 :i*    
corrupte? all  _! affections1 & turne?  
_! food to ! n\ri%m5t ( _!  disease1 &  
make? _! v wor%ipp+ ( ,god to become !  

increase ( _! s94 ,:]e divisions &      
cont5tions are1 !  memb]s t %\ld gr[ up 
9 humility1 meekness1 self-d5ial1       
hol9ess1 & love1 d gr[ 9 pride1 & p]v]se
 disput+s1 &  passionate /riv+s1 &      
envi\s wrangl+s2 ! ,_s ( ,god  dep>te? f
 !m1 & an evil _s ( malice & vexation   
take?  place2 ?\gh1 9 _! passion1 !y "k 
n :at _s !y are  (3 :]eas if !y be ( "o 
m9d1 & live 9 peace1 ! ,god ( love  &   
peace w be ) !m4 ,:at lam5table in/ances
 ( ?is  calamity h we 9 _m ( ! sect>ies 
( ?is pres5t "t2  especially 9 ! p call$
 quak]s1 t :ile !y pret5d to  ! greate/ 
au/]ities1 d gr[ up to su* a measure (  
s\r pride1  & un*>itable contempt (     
o!rs1 & especially ( all sup]iors1  &   
helli% rail+ aga9/ ! holie/ m9i/]s & p1 
z we  h sc>ce kn[n or ev] read (4       
,sid5ote3 ,! ,greek ^w is zeal4    #g4  
,^! divisions fill ! *ur* ) s91 ev5 )   
s9s ( a mo/  odi\s nature4 ,!y introduce
 a sw>m ( errors1 :ile x becomes !  mode
 = e "o to h a doctr9e ( 8 own1 & to h  
some?+ to say 9 religion :i* may make   

him notable4 ,( y\r own  selves %all m5 
arise1 speak+ p]v]se ?+s1 to draw away  
disciples aft] !m1 ,acts xx4 #cj4 ,!y   
*]i% pride1 & malice1  & bely+ o!rs1 7! 
?ree great s9s ( ! devil17 z naturally  
z dead fle% bre$e? worms2 !y de/roy     
imp>tial1 *ri/ian love1  z naturally z  
ble$+ do? consume our vital heat &      
moi/ure4  ,:at wick$ness is x t !y w n  
*]i%8 ,9 a ^w1 !  ,scripture telle? u t 
:]e envy+ & /rife is1 !re is  confusion1
 & e evil "w4 7,& is n ?is a lam5table  
way (  re=mation ( "s imag9>y or less]  
evils87    #h4 ,^! divisions are ! grief
 ( hone/ spectators1 & cause !  sorr[s (
 ^? t are guilty ( !m4 ,!y make all _!  
duties  uneasy to !m1 & turn _! religion
 into a bitt]1 unpleasant1  wrangl+     
toil2 l ox5 9 ! yoke t /rive aga9/ ea*  
o!r1  :5 !y %\ld draw 9 ord] & equality4
 ,:at a griev\s life is  x to husb& &   
wife1 or any 9 ! family1 if !y live 9   
discord8  ,s is x to ! memb]s ( ! *ur*4 
,:5 once m5 take ! k+dom  ( ,god to     
consi/ ( meats1 or dr9ks1 or c]emonies1 

:i* consi/e?  9 righte\sness1 & peace1 &
 joy 9 ! ,holy ,gho/1 & turn to  /rive  
ab\t un$ify+ que/ions1 !y turn f all !  
sweetness (  religion4#aee    #i4 ,sects
 & divisions lead directly to apo/asy f 
! fai?4  ,no?+ is m 9 ! design ( ,satan1
 ?an to conf\nd m5 s )  v>iety (        
religions1 t !y may ?9k !re is no       
c]ta9ty 9  any2 t s bo? ! ignorant      
spectators may ?9k all religion is  b   
fancy & deceit1 & ! cont5d]s !mselves   
:eel ab\t f  sect to sect1 till !y come 
to ! po9t :]e !y fir/ set out1  & to be 
at la/ delib]ately ( no religion1 :o at 
fir/ 7 (  none = want ( delib]ation4 ,& 
x is no small success t ,satan  ha? _h  
by ?is temptation4    #aj4 ,! divisions 
( *ri/ians d (t proce$ to %ake /ates &  
k+doms1 hav+ a lam5table influ5ce ^u !  
civil peace2 & ?is  /irre? up pr9ces'   
jeal\sies aga9/ !m1 & to ! use ( ^?     
sev]ities1 :i* ! suff]+ p>ty takes =    
p]secution2 yea1 &  ,turks1 & all pr9ces
 t are enemies to re=mation & hol9ess1  
d ju/ify !mselves 9 _! cruele/          

p]secutions1 :5 !y see  ! divisions (   
*ri/ians1 & ! tr\bles ( /ates t h       
foll[$ !reupon4 ,if *ri/ians1 &         
prote/ants 9 special1 did  live 9 t     
unity1 peace1 & ord] z _! ,"l & ,rul]   
require? !m to d1 ! consci5ces (        
p]secutors w\ld ev5 worry  & torm5t !m1 
& make _! lives a hell on e>?1 = _!     
cruelty aga9/ s excell5t a sort ( m52 b 
n[ :5 !y see !m  all 9 confusions1 & see
 ! tr\bles t foll[ h]eupon1 & he>  !m   
revil+ "o ano!r1 !y ?9k !y may de/roy !m
 z !  tr\bl]s ( ! e>?1 & _! consci5ces  
sc>ce accuse !m =  x4    ,sid5ote3 ,!   
aggravations ( s*ism4    ,,iv4 ,x is    
necess>y also = y\r true und]/&+ !      
malignity (  ?is s91 t y take notice ( !
 aggravations ( x1 especially  z to u4  
#a4 ,x is a s9 aga9/ s _m1 & cle>1 &    
vehem5t  words ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 7:i* ,i 
h p>tly be=e recit$17 t x  is !re=e     
utt]ly )\t excuse3 :or$oms1 & treasons1 
&  p]jury are n (t5] =bidd5 9 ! gospel  
?an ?is4    #b4 ,x is contr>y to !      
design ( ,*ri/ 9 our r$emption2 :i* 0   

to reconcile u all to ,god1 & unite &   
c5tre u all 9 him3 ,to  ga!r toge!r 9 "o
 ! *ildr5 ( ,god t are scatt]$ abroad1  
,john xi4 #eb4 ,to ga!r toge!r 9 "o all 
?+s 9 ,*ri/1 ,eph4 i4  #aj4 ,to make 9  
himself ( twa9 "o new man1 s mak+ peace1
 ,eph4  ii4 #ae4 ,& %all we jo9 ) ,satan
 ! divid] & de/roy]1  aga9/ ,*ri/ !     
reconcil]1 9 ! v design ( 8 r$emption8  
#c4 ,x is contr>y to ! design ( ! ,_s ( 
grace1 & contr>y  to ! v nature (       
*ri/ianity itself4 ,by "o ,_s we are all
  baptiz$ into "o body--& h all be5 made
 to dr9k into "o  ,_s1 #a ,cor4 xii4    
#ac4 ,z !re is "o body & "o ,_s1 s x  is
 our *>ge to keep ! unity ( ! ,_s 9 !   
bond ( peace1  ,eph4 iv4 #c1 #d4 ,! new 
nature ( *ri/ians do? consi/ 9 love1 &  
desire? ! communion ( sa9ts z su*2 &    
!re=e ! comm& (  ?is special love is    
call$ ! new comm&m5t1 ,john xvii4 #ba2  
xiii4  #cd2 xv4 #ab1 #ag4 ,& !y are said
 to be taught ( ,god to love "o  ano!r1 
#a ,!ss4 iv4 #i4 ,z self-pres]vation is 
! *ief pr9ciple  9 ! natural body1 :i*  

cause? x to abhor ! w\nd+ or  amputation
 ( its memb]s1 & to avoid division z    
de/ruction1  except :5 a gangr5$ memb]  
mu/ be cut (f1 = ! sav+ ( !  body2 s x  
is also ) ! my/ical body ( ,*ri/4 ,he is
 s5seless  & graceless t abhorre? n *ur*
 w\nds4    #d4 ,^! divisions are s9s    
aga9/ ! ne>e/ bonds ( our high          
relations to ea* o!r3#aef ,we are       
bre?r51 & %\ld !re be  any /rife among  
u8 ,g54 xiii4 #h4 ,we are all ! *ildr5 (
 ,god by  fai? 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus1 ,gal4    
iii4 #bf4 ,we are ! fell[-memb]s ( !    
body ( ,*ri/2 & %\ld we te> 8 body1 &   
sep>ate 8 memb]s1  & cut 8 fle%1 & break
 8 bones8 ,eph4 v4 #bc1 #cj4 ,= z !     
body is "o1 & ha? _m memb]s1 & all !    
memb]s ( t "o  body be+ _m1 are "o body1
 s also is ,*ri/1 #a ,cor4 xii4 #ab4 ,z 
we h _m memb]s 9 "o body--s we be+ _m   
are "o body 9  ,*ri/2 & e "o memb]s "o (
 ano!r1 ,rom4 xii4 #d1 #e4 ,he t  w\nde?
 or dismemb]e? y\r own bodies1 %all     
sc>ce be tak5 =  y\r fri5d2 & are y     
,*ri/'s fri5ds1 :5 y dismemb] or w\nd  8

 body8#aeg ,is x lovely to see ! *ildr5 
or s]vants 9 y\r  family toge!r by !    
e>s8 ,are civil w>s = ! safety ( a      
k+dom8 ,or do? t t5d to ! hon\r ( !     
*ildr5 ( ,god1 :i*  is ! %ame ( common  
m58 ,or is t ! safety ( 8 k+dom1  :i* is
 ! ru9 ( all o!rs8 ,we are all          
fell[-citiz5s ) !  sa9ts1 & ( ! h\sehold
 ( ,god1 ,eph4 ii4 #ai4 ,we are ,god's  
build+1 #a ,cor4 iii4 #i4 ,"k ye n t ye 
are ! temple ( ,god2  & t ! ,_s ( ,god  
dwelle? 9 y8 ,if any man defile !       
temple ( ,god1 him %all ,god de/roy3 = !
 temple ( ,god is holy1  :i* temple ye  
are1 #a ,cor4 iii4 #af1 #ag4 ,w he      
de/roy !  defil]s1 & w he love ! divid]s
 & de/roy]s8 ,if x be s  great a s9 to g
 to law unnecess>ily ) our bre?r51 or to
 wrong  !m1 #a ,cor4 vi4 #h1 :at is x to
 dis[n !m1 & ca/ !m (f8 ,&  if !y t     
salute & love only _! bre?r51 & n also  
_!  enemies1 are n ! *ildr5 ( ,god1     
,matt4 v4 #dg1 :at are !y t  sep>ate f &
 condemn ev5 _! bre?r58    #e4 ,*ur*    
divid]s ei!r w\ld divide ,*ri/ himself  

betwe5 !m1 or  else w\ld rob him ( a    
great "p ( 8 inh]itance3 & nei!r (  ^!  
is a little s94 ,if y make sev]al       
bodies1 y w\ld h  sev]al heads2 & is    
,*ri/ divid$8 sai? ! apo/le1 #a ,cor4 i4
 #ac4  ,w y make him a sect-ma/]8 ,he w 
be y\r common head z  *ri/ians2 b he w  
be no head ( y\r sects & p>ties4 7,i w  
n "n !m47 ,or w\ld y te> out ( ! h&s (  
,*ri/ any "p  ( 8 possessions8 ,w he cut
 !m (f1 because y cut !m (f8  ,w he     
sep>ate !m f himself1 because y sep>ate 
f !m1 or  sep>ate !m f y8 ,w he give !m 
a bill ( divorce1 :5ev]  y are pleas$ to
 lay any odi\s accusation aga9/ !m8 ,:o 
%all  condemn !m1 :5 x is he t ju/ifie? 
!m8 ,:o %all sep>ate  !m f ! love (     
,god8 ,c y\r c5sure or sep>ation d x1 :5
  nei!r life1 nor dea?1 nor any creature
 c d x8 ,rom4 viii4 #cc1  c4 ,ha? he n  
told y1 t he w give !m et]nal life1 &   
!y %all nev] p]i%1 nei!r %all any pluck 
!m out ( 8  h&8 ,john x4 #bh4 ,w he lose
 8 jewels1 because y ca/ !m away  z     
dirt8 ,he suff]$ m = s\ls ?an y1 & bett]

 kn[e? !  wor? ( s\ls6 ,& d y ?9k t he w
 =get s de> a  pur*ase8 or take x well t
 y rob him ( t :i* he ha?  b\ght s      
de>ly8 ,w y give ! memb]s & inh]itance (
 ,*ri/  to ! devil1 & say1 ,!y are      
,satan's1 & none ( ,*ri/'s8 ,:o  art ?\ 
t judge/ ano!r man's s]vant8    #f4     
,*ur* divid]s are guilty (              
self-ignorance1 & pride1 & great        
un?ankfulness aga9/ t ,god t be>e? ) s  
mu* 9 !m1 :o  s c5sori\sly ca/ (f _!    
bre?r54 ,w]t ?\ ev] humbl$ =  ?y s98    
,do/ ?\ "k :o ?\ art1 & :at ?\ c>rie/   
ab\t  !e1 & h[ mu* ?\ (f5de/ ,god       
?yself8 ,if ?\ d1 surely ?\  wilt judge 
t5d]ly ( ?y bre?r51 z kn[+ :at a t5d] h&
  ?\ ne$e/1 & :at m]cy ?\ ha/ f\nd f    
,god4 ,c he cruelly  judge 8 bre?r5 to  
hell ^u 8 petty diff]5ces1 :o is s5sible
  h[ ! graci\s h& ( 8 ,r$eem] did s     
lately snat* him f  ! br9k ( hell8 ,c he
 be =w>d to condemn 8 bre?r51 t  ha? be5
 s lately & m]cifully sav$ himself8     
#g4 ,*ur* divid]s are ! mo/ successful  
s]vants ( ! devil1  be+ enemies to ,*ri/

 9 8 family & liv]y4 ,!y gratify ,satan1
  & all ! enemies ( ! *ur*1 & d ! v "w t
 he w\ld  h !m d1 m effectually ?an op5 
enemies c\ld d x4 ,z  mut9e]s 9 an army 
may d m to de/roy x1 ?an ! p[] ( !      
enemy4    #h4 ,x is a s9 t contradicte? 
all ,god's ord9ances & means (  grace2  
:i* are purposely to procure & ma9ta9 ! 
unity ( 8  *ur*4 ,! ^w & baptism is to  
ga!r !m into "o body1 & !  ,"l's supp]  
to signify & ma9ta9 _! concord1 z be+ "o
  bread1 & "o body1 #a ,cor4 x4 #ag4 ,& 
all ! communion ( ! *ur*  is to express 
& to ma9ta9 ?is concord4 ,! use ( !     
m9i/ry is  mu* to ?is end1 to be ! bonds
 & jo9ts ( ?is unity (  believ]s1 ,eph4 
iv4 #ac1 #ad1 #af4 ,all ^! are contemn$ 
& fru/rat$  by divid]s4    #i4 ,*ur*    
division is a s9 7especially to u7 aga9/
 z great &  lam5table exp]i5ces z almo/ 
any s9 c be4 ,ab\t sixte5 hundr$  ye>s !
 *ur* ha? sm>t$ by x4 ,9 _m c\ntries :]e
 !  gospel prosp]$1 & *ur*es fl\ri%$1   
division ha? turn$ all  into desolation1
 & deliv]$ !m up to ! curse (           

,mahometanism  & infidelity4 ,!         
cont5tions betwe5 ,con/ant9ople & ,rome1
 !  ea/]n & ! we/]n *ur*es1 h %ak5 !    
*ri/ian int]e/  ^u e>?1 & deliv]$ up mu*
 ( ! *ri/ian _w to tyranny  & bl9dness1 
& giv5 advantage to ! papacy to         
captivate &  corrupt mu* ( ! re/1 by    
pret5d+ itself to be ! c5tre (  unity4  
,oh :at glori\s *ur*es1 :]e ! le>n$     
writ]s ( ^?  ages once liv$1 are n[     
ext9ct1 & ! places turn$ to ! wor%ip  ( 
! devil & a deceiv]1 ?r\gh ! ambition & 
cont5tions (  ! bi%ops1 t %\ld h be5 !  
bonds ( _! unity & peace6  ,b do? ,engl&
 ne$ to look back into hi/ory1 or look  
abroad 9  =eign l&s1 = in/ances ( ! sad 
effects ( discord8 ,is !re  any "o1 good
 or bad1 9 ?is age1 t ha? sp5t 8 days 9 
su* a  sleep1 z n to "k :at divisions h 
done1 :5 !y h made  su* ru9s 9 *ur* &   
/ate1 & k9dl$ su* consum+ flames1 &     
rais$ s _m sects & p>ties1 & fill$ s _m 
he>ts )  un*>itable ranc\r1 & s _m m\?s 
) sl&]s & revil+s1  & turn$ s _m pray]s 
into s91 by poison+ !m ) pride &        

facti\s oppositions1 & ha? let out      
/reams ( blood & fury ov]  all ! l&8 ,he
 t make? light ( ! divisions ( *ri/ians 
9  ^! k+doms1 or love? n ^? t speak     
aga9/ !m1 do? %[  himself to be s       
imp5it5t 9 !m1 z to be "o ( ^? t]rible  
effects ( !m1 t %\ld be a pill> ( salt  
to w>n aft]-ages to  take he$4    #aj4  
,yea1 ?is is a he9\s aggravation ( ?is  
s91 t commonly x  is ju/ifi$1 & n rep5t$
 (1 by ^? t d commit x4 ,:5 a  drunk>d  
or a :oremong] w confess 8 s91 a *ur*   
divid] w  /& to x & def5d x2 & woe to !m
 t call evil good1 &  good evil6        
,imp5it5cy is a t]rible aggravation (   
s94    #aa4 ,& x is yet ! m he9\s1 9 t x
 is commonly fa!r$  ^u ,god4 ,if a      
drunk>d or :oremong] %\ld say1 ,god     
comm&e? me  to d x1 & ,i s]ve ,god by x1
 w\ld y n ?9k ?is a horrid  aggravation8
 ,:5 did y ev] "k a sect or p>ty1 h[    
contr>y  soev] among !mselves1 b !y all 
pret5d$ ,god's au?ority1 &  entitl$ him 
to _! s91 & call$ x 8 s]vice1 & c5sur$  
o!rs z ungodly1 or less godly1 t w\ld n 

d z bad z !y8  ,/4 ,james is put to     
confute !m t ?\ght ?is wisdom 0 f       
above1 & s did glory 9 _! s91 & lie     
aga9/ ! tru?1 :5  _! wisdom 0 f b5ea?1 &
 no bett] ?an e>?ly1 s5sual1  & devili%4
 ,= ! wisdom f above1 is fir/ pure1 !n  
peaceable1 g5tle1 easy to be entreat$1  
full ( m]cy1 c4 ,james  iii4 #ag4       
#ab4 ,*ur* divisions are unlike to our  
heav5ly /ate1 & 9 "s  reg>d worse ?an ! 
k+dom ( ! devil1 = he w\ld n de/roy  x  
by divid+ x aga9/ itself1 ,matt4 xii4   
#bf4 ,oh :at a bless$  h>mony ( unit$   
holy s\ls1 w !re be 9 ! heav5ly         
,j]usalem1  :]e we hope to dwell = ev]6 
,!re w be no discords1 envy+s1  sid+s1  
or cont5d+s1 "o be+ ( ?is p>ty1 & ano!r 
( t2  b 9 ! unity ( p]fect love1 t _w ( 
spirits ) joyful  praise w magnify _!   
,creator4 ,& is a sn>l+ envy or j>r+    
discord ! likely way to su* an end8 ,is 
! *ur* ( ,*ri/ a ,babel  ( confusion8   
,%\ld !y be divid$1 p>ty aga9/ p>ty1 "h1
 t  mu/ be "o 9 p]fect love = ev]8#aeh  
,%all !y "h be  condemn+ ea* o!r1 z none

 ( ! *ildr5 ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 :o  !re mu/ 
live 9 sweete/ concord8 ,if !re be %ame 
9 heav51 y  w be a%am$ to meet ^? 9 !   
delights ( glory1 & see !m  ent]ta9$ by 
! ,"l ( love1 :om y revil$ & ca/ out ( !
  *ur* or y\r communion1 causelessly1 on
 e>?4    ,rememb] n[ t s*ism1 & mak+    
p>ties & divisions 9 !  *ur*1 is n s    
small a s9 z _m take x =3 x is !        
acc\nt+ x a duty1 & a "p ( hol9ess1 :i* 
is ! greate/  cause t x prosp]e? 9 ! _w2
 & x w nev] be re=m$  till m5 h "r      
appreh5sions ( ! evil ( x4 ,:y is x t   
sob] p are s f> & free f ! s9s ( swe>+1 
drunk5ness1 =nication1 & lascivi\sness1 
b because ^! s9s  are "u s odi\s a "*1 z
 helpe? !m easily to p]ceive  ! evil (  
!m4 ,& till *ur* divisions be rightly   
appreh5d$1 z  :or$om1 & swe>+1 &        
drunk5ness are1 !y w nev] be well  cur$4
 ,impr9t !re=e on y\r m9ds ! true "* (  
!m1  :i* ,i h "h laid d[n1 & look abroad
 ^u ! effects1 &  !n y w fe> ?is        
conf\nd+ s91 z mu* z a consum+  plague4 
,sid5ote3 ,two h9d]ances ( our true     

appreh5sions ( s*ism4    ,! two great   
causes t keep divisions f be+ hat$ z !y 
ought1 are1 #a4 ,a *>itable respect to !
 good t is 9 *ur*  divid]s1 c>ry+ u to  
ov]look ! evil ( ! s92 judg+ ( x  by !  
p]sons t commit x1 & ?9k+ t no?+ %\ld   
seem  odi\s t is !irs1 because _m ( !m  
are 9 o!r respects (  blameless1 pi\s   
conv]sations4 ,& inde$ e *ri/ian mu/ s  
prud5tly repreh5d ! mi/akes & faults (  
pi\s m51 z n to  asp]se ! piety :i* is  
conjunct2 & !re=e n to make _!  p]sons  
odi\s1 b to give ! p]son all 8 j        
comm5dations =  8 piety1 :ile we oppose 
& aggravate 8 s92 because ,*ri/  himself
 s di/+ui%e? betwe5 ! good & ! evil1 & !
  p]son & ! s91 & love? 8 own = _! good 
:ile he hate?  _! evil2 & s mu/ we2 &   
because x is ! gr& design (  ,satan1 by 
! faults ( ! godly to make _! p]sons    
hat$ fir/1  & _! piety next1 & s to     
bani% religion f ! _w2 &  e fri5d (     
,*ri/ mu/ %[ himself an enemy to ?is    
design (  ,satan4 ,b yet ! s9 mu/ be    
dis[n$ & oppos$1 :ile ! p]son  is lov$  

accord+ to 8 wor?4 ,*ri/ w give no ?anks
 = su*  love to 8 *ildr51 z *]i%e? _!   
*ur*-de/roy+ s9s4  ,!re is no great]    
enemy to s9 ?an ,*ri/1 ?\gh !re be no   
great] fri5d to s\ls4 ,godl9ess 0 nev]  
int5d$ to be a =tress  = iniquity2 or a 
batt]y = ! devil to m\nt 8 cannons on   
aga9/ ! *ur*2 nor = a bl9d to cov] !    
p[d]-m9es ( hell4  ,satan nev] oppose?  
tru?1 & godl9ess1 & unity s dang]\sly1  
z :5 he c make religi\s m5 8 in/rum5ts4 
,rememb] !re=e  t all m5 are vanity1 &  
,god's int]e/ & hon\r mu/ n be          
sacrific$ to !irs1 nor ! ,mo/ ,holy be  
abus$1 9 rev]5ce to !  holie/ ( s9ful   
m54    ,! o!r great h9d]ance ( our due  
appreh5sion ( ! s9fulness  ( divisions1 
is our too deep s5se ( our suff]+s by   
sup]iors1  & our look+ s mu* at ! evil (
 p]secutions1 z n to look at  ! dang] ( 
! contr>y extreme4 ,?us "u ! papacy1 ! p
  ( ,g]many at ,lu!r's re=mation 7 s    
deeply s5sible ( !  papal cruelties1 t  
!y ?\ght by h[ _m ways soev] m5 fl$  f  
su* bloody p]secutors1 !y 7 v excusable4

 ,& :ile m5  7 all tak5 up 9 decry+ !   
,roman idolatry1 corruptions1 &         
cruelties1 !y nev] fe>$ ! dang] ( _! own
 divisions till  !y sm>t$ by !m4 ,& ?is 
0 once ! case ( _m good p  "h 9 ,engl&1 
:o s mu* hat$ ! wick$ness ( ! pr(ane &  
! hat]s ( godl9ess1 t !y _h no          
appreh5sions ( ! evil (  divisions among
 !mselves3 & because s _m pr(ane ones 7 
wont  to call sob]1 godly p1 s*ismatics 
& facti\s1 !re=e !  v names began ) _m  
to gr[ into cr$it1 z if !y _h be5 (     
good signification1 & !re _h be5 really 
no su* s9 z s*ism  & faction to be fe>$3
 till ,god p]mitt$ ?is s9 to break 9 ^u 
u ) su* fury1 z _h almo/ turn$ u into a 
,babel1 & a  desolation4 ,& ,i am       
p]suad$ ,god did purposely p]mit x1 to  
tea*  8 p m s5sibly to "k ! evil ( t s9 
by ! effects1  :i* !y w\ld n "k by o!r  
means3 & to let !m see :5  !y _h revil$ 
& ru9$ ea* o!r1 t !re is t 9  !mselves  
:i* !y %\ld be m afraid (1 ?an ( any    
enemy  )\t4    ,direct4 ,v4 ,own n any  
cause :i* is an enemy to love2 & pret5d 

nei!r tru?1 nor hol9ess1 nor unity1 nor 
ord]1 nor any ?+  aga9/ x4#aei ,! _s (  
love is t "o vital _s :i*  do? animate  
all ! sa9ts4 ,! increase ( love is !    
p[]ful  balsam t heale? all ! *ur*'s    
w\nds2 ?\gh loveless1 lifeless          
physicians ?9k t all ^! w\nds mu/ be    
heal$ by ! sword4  ,& inde$ !           
weapon-salve is n[ become ! prop] cure4 
,x is !  sword t mu/ be m$icat$1 t !    
w\nds made by x may be  heal$4 ,! decays
 ( love are ! *ur*'s dissolution2 :i*   
fir/  cause? scissures & sep>ations1 & 9
 process crumble? u all to  du/3 & !re=e
 ! pa/ors ( ! *ur* are ! fitte/         
in/rum5ts = ! cure1 :o are ! mess5g]s ( 
love1 & ^:  gov]nm5t is pat]nal1 &      
hurte? n ! body2 b is only a  gov]nm5t (
 love1 & ex]cis$ by all ! means ( love4 
,all  *ri/ians 9 ! _w confess t love is 
! v life &  p]fection ( all grace1 & !  
end ( all our o!r duties1 & t  :i* make?
 u l to ,god2 & t if love dwelle? 9 u1  
,god  dwelle? 9 u2 & t x w be ! ev]la/+ 
grace1 & !  "w ( heav51 & ! happ9ess (  

s\ls2 & t x is !  excell5t way1 & ! "* (
 sa9ts1 & ! new comm&m5t4  ,& all ?is   
be+ s1 x is mo/ c]ta9 t no way is ! way 
(  ,god1 :i* is n ! way ( love2 & !re=e 
:at speci\s  pret5ces soev] !y may h1 & 
"o may cry up tru?1 & ano!r  hol9ess1 & 
ano!r ord]1 & ano!r unity itself1 to    
ju/ify  _! envy+s1 hatr$1 cruelties1 x  
is mo/ c]ta9 t all su*  pret5ces are    
satanical deceits4#afj ,& if !y bite &  
dev\r "o  ano!r1 !y are n l ! %eep (    
,*ri/1 b %all be dev\r$  "o ( ano!r1    
,gal4 v4 #ae4 ,love worke? no ill to 8  
neighb\r3  !re=e love is ! fulfill+ ( ! 
law1 ,rom4 xiii4 #aj4 ,:5  papi/s t %[  
_! love to m5's s\ls by rack+ _! bodies1
  & fry+ !m 9 ! fire1 c make !m         
appreh5sive ( !  excell5cy ( t k9d (    
love1 !y may use x to ! heal+ ( !  *ur*4
 ,9 ! mean "t z _! religion is1 su* is  
_! concord1  :ile all ^? are call$      
memb]s ( _! union1 & pr(essors (  _!    
religion1 :o mu/ be burnt to a%es if !y 
say ! contr>y4  ,!y t give ,god an image
 & c>cass ( religion1 are ?us cont5t  ) 

! image & c>cass ( a *ur* = ! ex]cise ( 
x4 ,& if  !re 7 no?+ else b ?is to      
detect ! s9fulness ( ! sect  ( quak]s1 &
 _m m1 x is en\gh to satisfy any sob]   
man1 t  x _c be ! way ( ,god4 ,god is n 
! au?or ( t _s &  way :i* t5ds to wra?1 
emulation1 hatr$1 rail+1 & !  ext9ction 
( *ri/ian love1 to all save _! own sect 
& p>ty4  ,rememb]1 z y love y\r s\ls1 t 
y %un all ways t are  de/ructive to     
univ]sal *ri/ian love4    ,direct4 ,,vi4
 ,make no?+ necess>y to ! unity ( !     
*ur*1 or  ! communion ( *ri/ians1 :i*   
,god ha? n made necess>y1 or  direct$ y 
to make s4#afa ,by ?is "o folly1 !      
papi/s are  become ! mo/ notori\s       
s*ismatics on e>?2 ev5 by mak+ new      
articles ( fai?1 & new p>ts ( wor%ip1 & 
impos+ !m on all  *ri/ians1 to be sworn1
 subscrib$1 pr(ess$1 or practis$1 s z  t
 no man %all be acc\nt$ a ca?olic1 or h 
communion )  !m1 7or ) ! univ]sal *ur*1 
if !y c\ld h9d] x17 t  w n foll[ !m 9   
all _! novelties4 ,!y t w\ld subscribe  
to all ! ,scriptures1 & to all ! anci5t 

cre$s ( ! *ur*1  & w\ld d any ?+ t ,*ri/
 & 8 apo/les h enjo9$1 &  g e /ep ( t   
way to heav5 t ,pet] & ,paul w5t1 z f>  
z !y are able1 yet if !y w g no fur!r1 &
 believe no m1  7yea1 if !y w n g aga9/ 
"s ( ?is17 mu/ be condemn$1  ca/ out1 & 
call$ s*ismatics by ^! notori\s         
s*ismatics4 ,if he  hold to ,*ri/ !     
univ]sal ,head ( ! *ur*1 & w n be       
subject or sworn to ! pope1 ! usurp+    
head1 he %all be tak5 z  cut (f f ,*ri/4
 ,& !re is no c]ta9ty among ^! m5 :at   
measure ( fai?1 & wor%ip1 & ob$i5ce to  
!m1 %all be judg$  necess>y to con/itute
 a *ur* memb]3 = z t :i* s]v$ 9  !      
apo/les' days1 & ! foll[+ ages1 w n s]ve
 n[1 nor  ! subscrib+ to all ! o!r      
pret5d$ c\ncils until !n w  n s]ve )\t  
subscrib+ to ! cre$ or c\ncil ( ,tr5t2 s
  nobody c tell1 :at new fai?1 or       
wor%ip1 or te/ ( *ri/ianity1  ! next    
c\ncil 7if ! _w see any m7 may require3 
& h[ _m  ?\s& t are ,tr5t ca?olics n[1  
may be judg$ h]etics or  s*ismatics !n1 
if !y w n %ut _! eyes1 & foll[ !m  any  

:i!r1 & *ange _! religion z (t z ! papal
 int]e/  require? a *ange4 ,( ?is       
,*ill+wor?1 ,hales1 & ,dr4 ,h4 ,m h     
spok5 pla9ly4#afb ,if ! pope _h impos$ b
 "o lie to be  subscrib$1 or "o s9 to be
 done1 & said ,all nations & p]sons  t d
 n ?is1 are no *ri/ians1 or %all h no   
communion )  ! *ur*1 ! man t refuse? t  
impos$ lie or s91 is  guiltless ( !     
s*ism1 & do? b obey ,god1 & save 8 s\l2 
&  ! usurp] t impose? !m1 w be f\nd !   
he9\s s*ismatic  be=e ,god1 & ! cause ( 
all ^? divisions ( ! *ur*4 ,& s  if any 
private sect>y %all feign an op9ion or  
practice ( 8 own  to be necess>y to     
salvation or *ur* communion1 & %all     
refuse  communion ) ^? t are n ( 8 m9d &
 way1 x is he1 &  n !y1 t is ! cause ( !
 un*>itable sep>ation4    ,direct4      
,,vii4 ,pray aga9/ ! usurpations or     
intrusions ( impi\s1  c>nal1 ambiti\s1  
covet\s pa/ors into ! *ur*es (          
,*ri/4#afc  ,= "o wick$ man 9 ! place ( 
a pa/or1 may d m to !  increase ( a     
s*ism or faction1 ?an _m private m5 c d4

 ,&  c>nal m5 h c>nal m9ds & c>nal      
int]e/s1 :i* are bo?  unreconcilable to 
! spiritual1 holy m9d & int]e/2 = !     
c>nal m9d is enmity aga9/ ,god1 & is n  
subject to 8 law1 nor  c be1 ,rom4 viii4
 #g4 ,& !y t are 9 ! fle% _c please     
,god1 v]4 #h4 ,& y may easily conceive  
:at "w w be made 9  ! %ip1 :5 an enemy (
 ! own] ha? subtilly possess$ himself  (
 ! pilot's place6 ,he w *>ge all t are  
fai?ful z  mut9e]s1 because !y resi/ him
 :5 he w\ld c>ry all away4 ,&  if an    
enemy ( ,*ri/ %all get to be gov]nor (  
"o ( 8 regim5ts  or g>risons1 all t are 
n traitors %all be call$ traitors1 &    
ca%i]$1 t !y h9d] n ! treason :i* he    
int5de?4 ,&  z !n he t 0 born aft] !    
fle%1 p]secut$ him t 0  born aft] ! ,_s1
 ev5 s x is n[3 b :at sai? !            
,scripture8 ,ca/ out ! bondwoman & h]   
son1 c4 ,gal4 iv4 #bi1 #cj4  ,x is n !  
sacr$ (fice ( ! m9i/ry1 nor ! pr(ession 
( !  same religion1 t w cure ! enmity ( 
a c>nal he>t1 aga9/  bo? hol9ess & !    
holy se$4 ,! :ole bus9ess ( ! _w f  age 

to age is b ! managem5t ( t w>1         
proclaim$ at s9's  fir/ entrance into ! 
_w1 betwe5 ! se$ ( ! woman & !  s]p5t1  
,g54 iii4 #ae2 & none ( ! s]p5t's se$   
are m cruel  or m successful1 ?an ^? (  
!m t creep into ! armies (  ,*ri/2 &    
especially t get ! conduct ( 8          
regim5ts4#afd  ,nei!r bro!rhood nor     
unity ( pr(ess$ religion1 w\ld hold !   
h&s ( malignant ,ca9 f murd]+ 8 bro!r   
,abel4 ,! same  religion1 & fa!r1 &     
family reconcil$ n sc(f+ ,i%mael to     
,isaac1 or pr(ane ,esau to 8 bro!r      
,jacob4 ,! family ( ,*ri/1 &  an        
apo/le's (fice1 did n keep ,judas f be+ 
a traitor to 8  ,"l4 ,if c>nal m5 invade
 ! m9i/ry1 !y take ! way ( ease1  &     
hon\r1 & worldly weal?1 & /rive =       
dom9ion1 & :o %all  be ! greate/1 & c>e 
n h[ great _! p[] & jurisdiction  are1  
nor h[ little _! pr(itable "w is2 & _!  
endeav\r is  to fit all matt]s ( wor%ip 
& discipl9e to _! ambiti\s1  covet\s    
ends2 & ! spiritual wor%ipp] %all be !  
object (  _! hate3 & is x any wond] if !

 *ur*es ( ,*ri/ be torn by  s*ism1 &    
betray$ to pr(an5ess1 :]e !re are su*   
unhappy  guides8#afe    ,direct4 ,,viii4
 ,9 a special mann]1 take he$ ( pride2  
suspect x  & subdue x 9 y\rselves1 & d  
:at y c to br+ x into  disgrace )       
o!rs4#aff ,only by pride come?          
cont5tion1 ,prov4  xiii4 #aj4 ,i nev]   
yet saw "o s*ism made1 9 :i* pride      
conjunct  ) ignorance 0 n ! cause3 nor  
ev] did ,i "k "o p]son  =w>d 9 a s*ism1 
7to my remembrance17 b pride 0          
disc]nibly  8 disease4 ,i d n "h int5d  
7z ! papi/s7 to *>ge all )  s*ism or    
pride1 t r5\nce n _! und]/&+s1 & *oose  
n to give up !mselves to a be/ial       
subjection to usurp]s or _!  pa/ors3 he 
t ?9ks x en\gh t 8 tea*] ha? reason & be
  a man1 in/ead ( himself1 & s ?9ke? x  
en\gh t 8 tea*]  be a *ri/ian &         
religi\s2 mu/ be also cont5t t 8 tea*]  
alone be sav$3 7b !n he mu/ n be ! tea*]
 ( su* a damn+  way37 b by pride ,i mean
 a pla9 ov]valu+ ( 8 own  und]/&+1 &    
conceits & reason+s1 q above all !      

evid5ces ( _! wor?1 & an und]valu+ &    
contempt ( !  judgm5ts & reason+s ( f>  
wis] m51 t _h evid5ce en\gh to  h ev9c$ 
8 folly & error to a sob] & imp>tial    
man4  ,und\bt$ly x is ! pride ( prie/s &
 p1 t ha? s  lam5tably 9 all ages torn !
 *ur*4 ,he t reade? ! hi/ories  ( s*isms
 & *ur* confusions1 & m>ke? ! effects   
:i* ?is  age ha? %[$1 w no m d\bt :e!r  
pride 7 ! cause1 ?an  :e!r x 0 ! w9d t  
blew d[n trees & h\ses1 :5 he see?  !m  
"o way ov]turn$ by multitudes1 :]e !    
tempe/ came )  greate/ =ce4 ,!re=e a    
bi%op mu/ be no novice1 le/ be+  lift$  
up ) pride 7  7 he fall into !          
condemnation ( ! devil1 #a ,tim4 iii4   
#f4 ,& if su* />s fall f  heav51 no     
wond] if !y br+ _m d[n headlong ) !m4   
,humble  s\ls dwell mo/ at home1 & ?9k  
!mselves unwor?y ( !  communion ( _!    
bre?r51 & are mo/ qu>relsome aga9/ _!   
own corruptions4 ,!y d no?+ 9 /rife &   
va9-glory1 b 9  l[l9ess ( m9d ea* "o    
e/eeme? o!r bett] ?an !mselves1  ,phil4 
ii4 #b1 #c2 & judge n le/ !y be judg$1  

,matt4 vi4 #a4 ,&  is x likely su* %\ld 
be divid]s ( ! *ur*8 ,b pr\d m5 mu/     
ei!r be great & dom9e]1 & z ,diotrephes1
 #c ,john #i1 #aj1 love to  h !         
pre-em95ce1 & ca/ ! bre?r5 out ( ! *ur*1
 &  prate aga9/ _! fai?fulle/ pa/ors )  
malici\s words2 or else  mu/ be not$ =  
_! suppos$ excell5cies1 & set up        
!mselves1  & speak p]v]se ?+s1 to draw  
away disciples aft] !m1 ,acts xx4  #cj2 
& ?9k ! bre?r5 unwor?y ( _! communion1 &
 e/eem all  o!rs bel[ !mselves2 &1 z !  
*ur* ( ,rome1 conf\nd  communion &      
subjection1 & ?9k none fit = _!         
communion t  obey !m n1 or comply n ) _!
 op9ion & w4 ,!re is no  hope ( concord 
:]e pride ha? p[] to prevail4           
,direct4 ,,ix4 ,take he$ ( s+ul>ity1 &  
n>r[ness ( m9d1 &  unacqua9t$ness ) !   
=m] & pres5t /ate ( ! *ur* &  _w4 ,m5 t 
are br$ up 9 a corn]1 & nev] read nor   
he>d (  ! common condition ( ! *ur* or  
_w1 are easily misl$ into  s*ism1 ?r\gh 
ignorance ( ^? matt]s ( fact t w\ld     
pres]ve  !m4 ,abundance ( ?is sort (    

hone/ p t ,i h kn[n1 h  kn[n s little   
beyond ! t[n or c\ntry :]e !y liv$1 t !y
  h ?\ght !y 7 v ca?olic 9 _! communion1
 because !y  _h "o or two congregations1
 & divid$ n among !mselves4 ,b  = !     
avoid+ ( s*ism1 #a4 ,look 7) pity7 on ! 
unbeliev+  _w1 & consid] t *ri/ians (   
all sorts are b a six? "p  ( ! :ole e>?4
 ,& !n1 #b4 ,consid] ( ?is six? "p h[   
small  a "p ! re=m$ *ur*es are4 ,& if y 
be will+ to leave  ,*ri/ any *ur* at    
all1 p]haps y w be lo? to sep>ate yet   
into a n>r[] p>ty1 :i* is no m to all ! 
_w1 ?an "o (  y\r cottages is to ! :ole 
k+dom4 ,& is ?is all ! k+dom on  e>? t y
 w ascribe to ,*ri/8 ,is ! ,k+ ( ! *ur*1
 !  ,k+ only ( y\r little p>ty8 ,?\gh 8 
flock be b a little  flock1 make x n    
next to none2 z if he came into ! _w on 
s  l[ a design z ! ga!r+ ( y\r sect     
only4 ,! less 8 flock  is1 ! m s9ful x  
is to rob him ( x1 & make x less] ?an x 
is4 ,x is a little flock1 if x conta9$  
all ! *ri/ians1  prote/ants1 ,greeks1   
,arm5ians1 ,abass9es1 & papi/s on ! e>?4

  ,be s+ul> & sep>ate f ! unbeliev+ _w1 
& sp>e n2  & be s+ul> 9 hol9ess f pr(ane
 & nom9al hypocritical  *ri/ians2 b     
affect n to be s+ul> 9 op9ion or        
practice1 or  sep>at$ 9 communion1 f !  
univ]sal *ur*1 or g5]ality (  s\nd      
believ]s3 or if y =sake "s common error1
 yet hold /ill  ! common love &         
communion ) all ! fai?ful1 accord+ to   
y\r  opportunities4 #c4 ,& x w be v     
useful :5 y are tempt$ to  sep>ate f any
 *ur* = ! defectiv5ess ( its mann] (    
wor%ip1 to inquire h[ ,god is wor%ipp$ 9
 all ! *ur*es on  e>?1 & !n consid]1    
:e!r if y liv$ among !m y w\ld  =sake   
communion ) !m all1 = su* defects 7:ile 
y are n  =c$ to ju/ify or approve       
!m74#afg #d4 ,& x is v useful to  read  
*ur* hi/ory1 & to und]/& :at h]esies h  
be5 9  times pa/1 & :at havoc s*isms h  
caus$ among *ri/ians3 =  if ?is mu* _h  
be5 kn[n by well mean+ p]sons 9 our     
days1 we  %\ld n h se5 ^? same op9ions  
applaud$ z new light1 :i*  7 long ago   
explod$ z old h]esies3 nor %\ld we h se5

 _m  hone/ p1 tak+ t same c\rse to re=m 
! *ur* n[1 &  advance ! gospel1 :i* 9 s 
_m ages & nations ha? h]et(ore  de/roy$ 
! *ur*1 & ca/ out ! gospel4 ,a n>r[ s\l1
 t  take? all ,*ri/'s int]e/ 9 ! _w1 to 
lie 9 a few ( _!  sep>at$ meet+s1 &     
%utte? up all ! *ur* 9 a nut%ell1 mu/   
ne$s be guilty ( ! f\le/ s*isms4 ,x is a
 ca?olic _s &  ca?olic pr9ciples1 lov+ a
 *ri/ian z a *ri/ian1 abhorr+ !  v names
 ( sects & p>ties z ! *ur*'s w\nds1 t   
mu/ make  a ca?olic inde$4    ,direct4  
,x4 ,und]/& well ! true diff]5ce betwe5 
! visible  *ur* & ! _w1 le/ y %\ld ?9k t
 y are b\nd to  sep>ate z mu* f a       
corrupt$ *ur* z f ! _w4 ,x is n  true   
fai?1 b ! pr(ession ( true fai?1 t make?
 a man fit to  be ackn[l$g$ a memb] ( ! 
visible *ur*4 ,if ?is pr(ession be      
uns\nd1 & accompani$ ) a vici\s life1 x 
is ! s9 & mis]y  ( su* a hypocrite1 b x 
do? n pres5tly put him z f>  unrelat$ to
 y1 z if he 7 an infidel )\t ! *ur*6 ,if
 y  ask :at advantage h su* uns\nd *ur* 
memb]s8 ,i answ] ) !  apo/le1 ,rom4 iii4

 #a1 #b1 ,mu* e way1 *iefly because unto
 !m  are committ$ ! oracles ( ,god4     
,*ap4 ix4 #d1 ,to !m p]ta9e?  ! adoption
 & ! glory & cov5ants1 & ! giv+ ( ! law1
  & ! s]vice ( ,god1 & ! promises4 ,till
 ! *ur* f9d cause  to ca/ !m out1 !y h !
 ext]nal privileges ( its communion4  ,x
 ha? made abundance to incur ! guilt (  
s9ful sep>ation to  misund]/& ^? texts (
 ,scripture t call *ri/ians to  sep>ate 
f hea!ns1 infidels1 & idolat]s3 z #b    
,cor4 vi4 #ag1  ,:]e=e come out f among 
!m1 & be ye sep>ate1 sai? !  ,"l1 c4 ,! 
text speake? only ( sep>at+ f ! _w :o   
are  infidels & idolat]s1 & no memb]s ( 
! *ur*2 & ignorant  p ord9>ily exp\nd x1
 z if x 7 meant ( sep>at+ f  ! *ur*     
because ( ! ungodly t are memb]s ( x3 b 
t ,god  t knew :y he call$ 8 p to       
sep>ate f ! _w1 do?  nev] call !m to    
sep>ate f ! *ur* univ]sal1 nor f any    
p>ticul> *ur* by a m5tal sep>ation s z  
to un*ur* !m4 ,we  read ( _m loa?some   
corruptions 9 ! *ur*es ( ,cor9?1        
,galatia1 ,laodicea1 c42 b yet no comm& 

to sep>ate f !m4 ,s  _m abuse ,rev4     
xviii4 #d1 ,come out ( h]1 my p2 z if   
,god  comm&$ !m to come out ( a true    
*ur* because ( its corruptions  or      
imp]fections1 because he calle? !m out (
 ,babylon6 ,x is true1  y mu/ p>take )  
no *ur* 9 _! s9s1 b y may p>take  ) any 
*ur* 9 _! holy pr(ession & wor%ip1 s f> 
z y  c d x )\t p>tak+ ) !m 9 _! s9s4    
,direct4 ,,xi4 ,und]/& :at x is t make? 
y p>tak]s ( !  s9s ( a *ur*1 or any     
memb] ( x1 le/ y ?9k y are b\nd to      
sep>ate f !m 9 good1 z well z 9 evil4   
,_m fly f !  public assemblies1 le/ !y  
p>take ( ! s9s ( ^? t are  !re pres5t4  
,c]ta9ly no?+ b cons5t 7direct or       
indirect7 c  make _! faults to become   
y\rs4 ,& !re=e no?+ :i*  signifie? n "s 
su* cons5t %\ld be on t acc\nt avoid$4  
#a4  ,if y by ^w1 or subscription1 or   
fur!rance1 own any man's s91  y directly
 cons5t to x4 #b4 ,if y neglect any duty
 :i* lie?  ^u y = ! cure ( 8 s91 y      
indirectly cons5t2 = y  cons5t t he %all
 r cont9ue 9 8 s91 ?an y w d  y\r "p to 

help him out ( x4 ,consid] !re=e h[ f> y
 are  b\nd to reprove any s91 or to use 
any o!r means = !  re=mation ( x1 :e!r x
 be 9 ! pa/or or ! p2 & if  y neglect   
any su* means1 y\r way is to re=m y\r   
own neglect1  & d y\r duty1 & n to      
sep>ate f ! *ur*1 be=e y h  done y\r    
duty to re=m x4 ,b if y h done all t is 
y\r  "p1 !n ! s9 is none ( y\rs1 ?\gh y 
rema9 !re pres5t4    ,sid5ote3 ,:e!r    
pres5ce be n a cons5t to s94    ,x is a 
turbul5t fancy & disquiet+ error ( "s p1
 to ?9k  t _! pres5ce 9 ! assembly1 &   
cont9uance ) ! *ur*1  do? make !m guilty
 ( ! p]sonal faults ( ^? !y jo9 )3  if  
s1 :o w\ld ev] jo9 ) any assembly 9 !   
_w8 ,que/4  ,b :at if !y be gross &     
sc&al\s s9n]s t are memb]s (  ! *ur*8   
,answ4 ,if y be want+ 9 y\r duty to re=m
 x1 x is  y\r s92 b if b>e pres5ce made 
_! s9s to be ours1 x w\ld  also make all
 ! s9s ( ! assembly ours2 b no ^w ( ,god
 do?  intimate any su* ?+4 ,paul nev]   
told ! *ur*es ( ,galatia &  ,cor9? s1 t 
_h s _m defil$ memb]s4 ,que/4 ,b :at if 

!y are s9s committ$ 9 ! op5 assembly1   
ev5 by ! m9i/]  himself 9 8 pray+1      
prea*+1 & o!r adm9i/rations8 & :at  if  
all ?is be impos$ on him by a law1 & s  
,i am c]ta9 be=eh&  t ,i mu/ jo9 ) t :i*
 is unw>rantable 9 ,god's wor%ip8       
,answ4 ,! next direction conta9e? ^?    
di/9ctions t are  necess>y to ! answ] ( 
?is4    ,direct4 ,,xii4 ,di/+ui%        
c>efully1 #a4 ,betwe5 a m9i/]'s p]sonal 
faults & 8 m9i/]ial faults4 #b4 ,betwe5 
8 tol]able weaknesses  & 8 intol]able   
insuffici5cies4 #c4 ,& betwe5 ! "w ( !  
m9i/] & ( ! congregation4 ,& !n y w see 
y\r d\bt  resolv$ 9 ^! foll[+           
propositions4    #a4 ,a m9i/]'s p]sonal 
faults 7z swe>+1 ly+1 drunk5ness1 c47   
may damn himself1 & mu/ be matt] (      
lam5tation to ! *ur*1 &  !y mu/ d _! be/
 to re=m !m1 or to get a bett] pa/or by 
any lawful means4#afh ,b 9 case !y _c1 8
 s9 is none (  !irs1 nor do? x make 8   
adm9i/ration null or ineffectual2 nor  w
 x all[ y to sep>ate f ! wor%ip :i* he  
adm9i/]e?4  ,?\gh _m ( ! prie/s 7 wick$ 

m51 ! godly ,jews 7 n  !reby disoblig$ f
 ,god's public wor%ip1 or sacrifices :i*
 7  to be (f]$ by _! h&s4 ,o!rwise h[   
sad a case 7 ! *ur*  91 t mu/ answ] = ! 
s9s :i* !y nev] committ$1 nor  c\ld     
re=m4 ,b no ,scripture *>ge? ?is ^u !m4 
#b4 ,x is n all m9i/]ial faults t w all[
 y to sep>ate  f or dis[n a m9i/]2 b    
only ^? t prove him or 8  m9i/ration    
utt]ly intol]able4#afi ,su* are1 #a4 ,an
 utt]  insuffici5cy 9 k or utt]ance = ! 
necess>y p>ts ( !  m9i/]ial "w3 z if he 
be n able to tea* ! necess>y po9ts  ( ! 
*ri/ian religion1 nor to adm9i/] !      
sacram5ts & o!r  p>ts ( public wor%ip4  
#b4 ,if he set himself to oppose ! v    
ends  ( 8 m9i/ry1 & prea* d[n godl9ess1 
or any "p ( x t is  ( necessity to      
salvation3 = !n he do? ! devil's "w1 9  
seek+ ! damnation ( s\ls1 & s make?     
himself ! devil's  m9i/]1 & is n ! m9i/]
 ( ,*ri/3 = ! end is ess5tial  to !     
relation4 ,h]e9 ,i include a prea*] (   
h]esy t do?  prea* up any damn+ error1 &
 prea* d[n any necess>y sav+  tru?2 t   

is1 t prea*e? su* error z subv]te? ei!r 
fai?  or godl9ess1 & do? m h>m 9 ! *ur* 
?an good4 #c4 ,if he s  deprave ,god's  
public wor%ip z to de/roy ! sub/ance (  
x1 &  make x unacceptable1 & (f] up a   
public false wor%ip to ,god1  :i* he    
dis[ne? 9 ! v matt] ( x4 ,z if he put up
 blasphemy  = praise & pray]1 or commit 
idolatry1 or set up new sacram5ts1  &   
guide ! p ?us 9 public wor%ip4 ,z !     
papi/ prie/s d  t adore bread ) div9e   
wor%ip1 & pray to ! dead1 & (f]  real   
sacrifices = !m1 c43 su* wor%ip is n to 
be jo9$ 94 #d4  ,or if !y impose any    
actual s9 ^u ! p3 z 9 _! responds  to   
speak any falsehood1 or to adore !      
bread1 or ! l3 ^!  faults dis*>ge u f   
be+ pres5t ) su* pa/ors at su*  wor%ip4 
,b besides ^! !re are _m m9i/]ial faults
 :i*  w>rant n our sep>ation4 ,z1 #a4 ,!
 int]nal vices ( ! pa/or's  m9d ?\gh    
manife/$ 9 _! m9i/ration3 z "s tol]able 
errors  ( judgm5t1 or envy & petti%     
opposition to o!rs4 ,"s inde$  prea*    
,*ri/ ( envy & /rife1 & "s ( good w3 !  

"o  prea* ,*ri/ ( cont5tion1 n s9c]ely1 
suppos+ to add  affliction to my bonds2 
b ! o!r ( love1 c4 ,phil4 i4 #ae4 ,"h   
is an odi\s vice 9 ! public m9i/ry1 ev5 
an endeav\r to  increase ! suff]+s ( !  
apo/le2 yet x 0 lawful to he> su*       
prea*]s2 ?\gh n to pref] !m be=e bett]4 
,mo/ sects among  *ri/ians are possess$ 
) a tang ( envy & un*>itabl5ess  aga9/  
diss5t]s1 :i* use? to break =? 9 _!     
prea*+ &  pray+3 & yet x is lawful to   
jo9 ) su*4 #b4 ,x is n unlawful  to jo9 
) a m9i/] t ha? _m defects & infirmities
 9 8  m9i/ration or mann] ( wor%ip3 z if
 he prea* ) "s  ignorance1 disord]1     
unfit expressions or ge/ures1 unmeet    
repetitions2 or if he d ! l 9 pray]1 or 
9 ! sacram5ts1  putt+ some?+ la/ t %\ld 
be fir/1 & leav+ out some?+  t %\ld be  
said1 or pray+ coldly & =mally4 ,^! &   
su*  l are faults :i* we %\ld d our be/ 
to re=m2 & we %\ld  n pref] su* a m9i/ry
 be=e a bett]2 b x is lawful & a  duty  
to jo9 ) su*1 :5 we h no bett]4 ,= all  
m5 are  imp]fect1 & !re=e ! mann] (     

wor%ip z p]=m$ by !m  w be imp]fect4    
,imp]fect m5 _c be p]fect 9 _!          
m9i/rations3 we mu/ jo9 ) a defective & 
imp]fect mode (  wor%ip1 or jo9 ) none  
on e>?3 & we mu/ p]=m su* or none       
ourselves4 ,:i* ( y d>e say t 9 y\r     
private pray]s1 y  h no disord]1 va9    
repetitions1 flatness1 or defects8 #c4  
,x is n  unlawful to jo9 ) a m9i/] t ha?
 "s mat]ial error or  untru? 9 8 prea*+ 
or pray+1 s be x we be n call$ to       
approve x1 or make x ours1 & s x be n   
p]nici\s &  de/ructive to ! ends ( 8    
m9i/ry4 ,= all m5 h "s error1  & !y t h 
!m may be expect$ sometimes to v5t !m4  
,&  x is n our pres5ce t is any         
signification ( our cons5t to  _!       
mi/akes4 ,if we run away f all t v5t any
 untru? or  mi/ake 9 public or private  
wor%ip1 we %all sc>ce "k :at *ur*  or   
p]son we may hold communion )3 ! reason 
( ?is foll[e?4    #c4 ,! s5se ( ! *ur*1 
& all its memb]s1 is to be judg$ ( by   
_! public pr(essions1 & n by su* words (
 a m9i/] :i*  are 8 own1 & nev] _h _!   

cons5t4 ,i am by pr(ession a  *ri/ian1 &
 ! ,scripture is ! pr(ess$ rule ( my    
religion2 &  :5 ,i g to ! assemblies1 ,i
 pr(ess to wor%ip ,god accord+ to  t    
rule3 ,i pr(ess myself a he>] ( a m9i/] 
( ! gospel1 t  is to prea* ! ^w ( ,god1 
& t ha? promis$ 9 8  ord9ation1 out ( ! 
holy ,scriptures to in/ruct ! p         
committ$ to 8 *>ge1 & to tea* no?+ 7z   
requir$ (  necessity to et]nal          
salvation7 b t :i* he %all be p]suad$   
may be conclud$ & prov$ by ! ,scripture4
 ,?is he pr(ess$ :5  he 0 orda9$1 & ,i  
pr(ess by my pres5ce1 only to he> su* a 
prea*] ( ! gospel1 & wor%ip ,god ) him 9
 ^? ord9ances  ( wor%ip1 :i* ,god ha?   
appo9t$4 ,n[ if ?is man %all drop 9  any
 mi/ake 9 prea*+1 or modify 8 pray]s or 
adm9i/rations  amiss1 & d 8 "p weakly & 
disord]ly1 ! he>]s are no way  guilty ( 
x by _! pres5ce4 ,= if ,i mu/ run away f
 ,god's  public wor%ip because ( m5's   
misp]=mance1 #a4 ,i %\ld jo9 )  none on 
e>?2 = a small s9 may no m be wilfully  
done or own$  ?an a great]4 #b4 ,& !n   

ano!r man's weakness may disoblige me  &
 dis*>ge me f my duty4 ,to ord] & ^w 8  
pray]s &  prea*+ aright1 is "p ( !      
m9i/]'s own "w1 & n !  p's2 & if he d x 
well1 x is no comm5dation to me t am    
pres5t1 b to himself2 & !re=e if he d x 
amiss1 x is no  fault ( m9e or dispraise
 to me1 b to himself4 ,if !             
common-c\ncil ( ,london1 or ! c\rt (    
ald]m51 agree to petition  ! k+ = !     
r5ew+ ( _! *>t]1 & commit ! express+  ( 
_! reque/ to _! record]1 9 _! pres5ce2  
if he petition  = some?+ else in/ead ( t
 :i* he 0 intru/$ )1 & s  betray !m 9 ! 
sub/ance ( 8 bus9ess1 !y are op5ly to   
contradict him & dis[n 8 trea*]y or     
mi/ake2 b if he deliv]  ! same petition 
:i* he und]took ) /amm]+1 disord]1      
defectiv5ess1 & p]haps "s mixture (     
untru?s 9 8 additional  reasons &       
disc\rse1 ?is is 8 fail+ 9 ! p]sonal    
p]=mance  ( 8 duty1 & no way imputable  
to !m t s5t him1 & are  pres5t ) him1   
?\gh 79 mode/y7 !y are sil5t & speak n  
to  dis[n x2 = h[ c x be _! fault t a   

man is want+ 9 8  p]sonal suffici5cy &  
duty 7unless x be t !y *oose n a        
bett]74 ,& :e!r he speak ex tempore or m
 delib]ately1 9 a  writt5 =m or )\t1 9  
words t o!r m5 taught him or wrote  =   
him1 or 9 words ( 8 own devis+1 x alt]e?
 n _! case4    ,sid5ote3 ,( impos$      
defective liturgies4    ,object4 ,b if a
 man fail ?r\gh weakness 9 8 own        
p]=mance1 ,i  "k n ( t be=eh&2 b if 8   
faulty mann] ( pray+ be  prescrib$ &    
impos$ on him by a law1 !n ,i "k x      
be=eh&1 &  !re=e am guilty ( x4         
,answ4 ,to avoid confusion1 fix ^u t :i*
 y ?9k is ! ?+  s9ful4 #a4 ,ei!r x is   
because ! pray]s are defective & faulty4
  #b4 ,or because !y are impos$4 #c4 ,or
 because y "k ! fault  be=eh&4 ,b none (
 all ^! c prove y\r jo9+ ) !m  s9ful4   
#a4 ,n because !y are faulty2 = y may   
jo9 ) z  faulty pray]s1 y confess1 if n 
impos$4#agj #b4 ,n because  impos$1     
7#a47 ,because t is an ext5uation1 & n  
an aggravation3  = x prove? ! m9i/] less
 volunt>y ( ! two ?an ^? are  t d x )\t 

any comm&1 ?\gh ! error ( _! own        
judgm5ts 7z mo/ errone\s p]sons w74     
7#b47 ,because 7?\gh  lawful ?+s (t     
become unlawful :5 sup]iors =bid !m1    
yet7 no  reason c be giv5 :y a lawful ?+
 %\ld become unlawful1 because  a lawful
 sup]ior do? comm& x4 ,else sup]iors    
might take away all  our *ri/ian lib]ty1
 & make all ?+s unlawful to u by  comm&+
 !m4 ,y w\ld take x = a wild conceit 9  
y\r *ildr5  or s]vants1 if !y say1 :5 y 
bid !m le>n a cate*ism1 or use  a =m (  
pray]1 ,x 0 lawful to u till y comm&$ u 
to d x2  b because y bid u d x1 x is    
unlawful4 ,if x be a duty to obey       
gov]nors 9 all lawful ?+s1 !n x is n a  
s9 to obey !m4 #c4  ,& x is n y\r kn[+  
be=eh& t make? x unlawful3 =1 #a4  ,i "k
 9 g5]al be=eh&1 t all imp]fect m5 w d  
imp]fectly2 & ?\gh ,i "k n ! p>ticul>1 t
 make? x  nev] ! lawfull]1 if =ekn[l$ge 
itself did make x unlawful4 #b4  ,if y  
"k t e4 g4 an ant9omian or "s mi/ak5    
prea*] w\ld  con/antly drop "s words = 8
 error 9 pray] or prea*+1 t  w n make x 

unlawful 9 y\r own judgm5t = y to jo91  
if x  be n a flat h]esy4 #c4 ,x is ano!r
 man's error or fault t y  =ekn[1 & n   
y\r own2 & !re=e =ekn[l$ge make? x n    
y\r own4 #d4 ,god himself do? z an      
univ]sal cause ( nature concur  ) m5 9  
^? acts :i* he =ekn[e? !y w s9fully d2 &
  yet ,god is n to be judg$ ei!r an     
au?or or approv] ( ! s9  because ( su*  
concurr5ce & =ekn[l$ge3 !re=e our       
=ekn[l$ge make? u no approv]s1 or guilty
 ( ! fail+s ( any  9 _! sacr$           
m9i/rations1 unless !re be "s o!r guilt4
 ,if  y say t x is no "o ( ^! t make? x 
unlawful1 b all  toge!r1 y mu/ give u a 
di/9ct argum5t to prove t !  concurr5ce 
( ^! ?ree w prove t unlawful1 :i* _c be 
prov$ s by any ( !m alone1 = y\r        
affirmation mu/ n s]ve  ! turn2 & :5 we 
"k y\r argum5t1 ,i d\bt n b x may be    
answ]$4 ,"o ?+ ,i /ill confess may make 
any defective wor%ip to  be unlawful to 
y2 & t is1 :5 y pref] x be=e bett]1 &   
may 7)\t a great] inconv5i5ce7 enjoy an 
abl] m9i/ry1 &  pur] adm9i/ration1 b w  

n4    ,object4 ,b he t sitte? by 9      
sil5ce1 9 ! po/ure z !  re/ ( !         
congregation1 seeme? to cons5t to all t 
is said &  done3 & we mu/ avoid all     
appe>ance ( evil4    ,answ4 ,! appe>ance
 ( evil :i* is evil inde$1 mu/ be always
  avoid$2 b t appe>ance ( evil :i* is   
inde$ good1 mu/ n be  avoid$4 ,we mu/ n 
=sake our duty le/ we seem to s93 t 7  b
 to pref] hypocrisy be=e s9c]ity1 & to  
avoid appe>ances  m ?an realities4 ,!   
omission ( a duty is a real s92 & t  mu/
 n be done to avoid a seem+ s94 ,& :om  
do? x appe> s  to8 ,if x appe> evil to !
 bl9d or prejudic$1 x is _! eyes  t mu/ 
be cur$2 b if x appe> s to ! wise1 !n x 
is l  x is evil inde$3 = a wise man %\ld
 n judge t to be evil  t is n4 ,b ,i    
confess t 9 a case t is altoge!r        
indiff]5t1 ev5 ! mi/akes ( ! ignorant   
may oblige u to  =be>3 b ! wor%ip ( ,god
 mu/ n be s =borne4 ,x is an  irrational
 fancy to ?9k t y mu/ be uncivil1 by    
contradict+1  or cov]+ y\r heads1 or do+
 some?+ (f5sive to !  congregation1 :5  

any ?+ is said or done :i* y disall[4   
,y\r  pres5ce signifie? y\r cons5t to   
all t y pr(ess1 ev5 to  wor%ip ,god     
accord+ to 8 ^w1 & n to all ! human     
imp]fections t are !re express$4        
,direct4 ,,xiii4 ,di/+ui% c>efully      
betwe5 y\r p]sonal private  duties1 & ! 
duty ( ! pa/or or *ur* ) :i* y mu/      
concur4 ,& d n ?9k1 t if ! *ur* or pa/or
 d n _!  duty1 t y are b\nd to d x = !m4
 ,to ca/ out an ob/9ate1  imp5it5t s9n] 
by s5t5ce f ! communion ( ! *ur*1 is !  
pa/or's or *ur*'s duty1 & n y\rs1 unless
 9 concurr5ce or  subs]vi5cy to ! *ur*4 
,!re=e if x be n done1 inquire  :e!r y  
did y\r duty t[>ds x3 if y did1 ! s9 is 
none (  y\rs2 = x is n 9 y\r p[] to ca/ 
out all t are unwor?y  f ! *ur*4 ,b     
private famili>ity is 9 y\r p[] to      
refuse2  & ) su* "k n to eat4           
,direct4 ,,xiv4 ,take ! measure ( y\r   
accid5tal duties m f  ! good or hurt ( !
 *ur*1 or ( _m1 ?an f ! imm$iate  good  
or hurt t come? to y\rself4 ,y are n to 
take t = !  /ation ( y\r duty1 :i* y    

feel to be mo/ to ! commodity (  y\r    
s\ls2 b t 9 :i* y may d ,god mo/ s]vice4
 ,if !  s]vice ( ,god = ! good ( _m1    
require y to /ay ) a weak]  m9i/]1 &    
defective adm9i/rations1 y w f9d 9 ! end
 t  ?is 0 n only ! place ( y\r duty1 b  
also ( y\r b5efit3  = y\r life is 9     
,god's h&s1 & all y\r com=ts2 & t is  ! 
be/ way to y\r peace & happ9ess1 9 :i* y
 are mo/  pleas+ unto ,god1 & h 8       
promise ( mo/ acceptance & grace4  ,i "k
 ! lea/ advantage to ! s\l mu/ be       
pref]r$ be=e all  e>?ly ri*es2 b n be=e 
! public good4 ,yea1 t way w  prove mo/ 
advantage\s to u1 9 :i* we ex]cise mo/  
ob$i5ce4    ,direct4 ,,xv4 ,take he$ (  
suff]+ prejudice & fancy to g =  reason1
 & raise 9 y\r m9ds unju/ifiable di/a/es
 ( any way or  mode ( wor%ip4 ,x is     
wond]ful to see :at fancy & prejudice c 
d6 ,get once a h>d op9ion ( a ?+1 & y\r 
judgm5ts w make  light ( all t is said =
 x1 & w see no?+ t %\ld  reconcile y to 
x4 ,p>tiality w c>ry y away f equity &  
tru?4 ,abundance ( ?+s appe> n[ false & 

evil1 to m5 t once  imag9e !m to be s1  
:i* w\ld seem h>mless1 if n laudable1 if
  !y 7 tri$ by a m9d t is cle> f        
prejudice4    ,direct4 ,,xvi4 ,judge n (
 doctr9es & wor%ip by p]sons1 b  r (    
p]sons by _! doctr9e & wor%ip 7toge!r ) 
_!  lives74 ,! _w is all prone to be    
c>ri$ by respect to p]sons4 ,i  confess 
:]e any ?+ is to be tak5 ^u tru/1 we mu/
 r  tru/ ! intellig5t1 exp]i5c$1 hone/1 
& cr$ible1 ?an !  ignorant & incr$ible2 
b :]e ! ^w ( ,god mu/ be our rule1  x is
 p]v]se to judge ( ?+s by ! p]sons t    
hold !m or  oppose !m3 sometimes a bad  
man may be 9 ! "r1 & a good man  9 !    
wrong4 ,try ! way ( ! wor/ m5 be=e y    
reject x 79  disputable ?+s74 ,& try !  
op9ions & way ( ! be/ &  wise/ be=e y   
v5ture to receive !m4    ,direct4       
,,xvii4 ,enslave n y\rselves to any p>ty
 ( m51 s z to  be ov]-desir\s to please 
!m1 nor ov]-fe>ful ( _! c5sure4  ,h a   
respect to all ! re/ ( ! _w z well z !m4
 ,mo/ m5  t once engage !mselves 9 a    
p>ty1 d ?9k _! hon\r &  int]e/ is       

involv$ ) !m1 & t !y /& or fall ) !     
fav\r ( _! p>ty1 & !re=e make !m 7be=e  
!y are  aw>e7 ! ma/]s ( _! consci5ces4  
,direct4 ,,xviii4 ,reg>d m ! judgm5t (  
ag$1 ripe1 exp]i5c$  m51 t h se5 !      
fruits ( ! v>i\s c\rses ( pr(essors (   
religion1 ?an ( ! "y1 unripe1           
unexp]i5c$1 hot-head$ sort4  ,zeal is ( 
great use to execute ! resolutions ( a  
well-in=m$  man3 & ! zeal ( o!rs is v   
useful to w>m ! he>ts ( su*  z d conv]se
 ) !m4 ,b :5 x comes to matt] ( judgm5t 
once1 to decide a case ( difficulty1 ag$
 exp]i5ce ha? f> !  advantage2 & 9 no   
cases m1 ?an 9 ^? :]e peace & concord   
are conc]n$1 :]e ra%1 hot-head$ y\? is v
 prone to  precipitant c\rses1 :i* mu/  
be aft]w>ds rep5t$ (4    ,direct4 ,,xix4
 ,:5 f]v5t1 self-conceit$ p w\ld c>ry   
d[n  all by c5sori\sness & passion1 x is
 "t = ! pa/ors & !  ag$ & rip] sort (   
*ri/ians op5ly to rebuke !m1 & appe>    
aga9/ !m1 & /& _! gr\nd1 & n to comply )
 !  misguid$ sort to escape _! c5sures4 
,no?+ ha? m caus$  s*isms 9 ! *ur*      

7except ! pride & ambition ( ! cl]gy7   
?an t ! rip] & m judici\s sort ( p1     
toge!r )  ! m9i/]s !mselves1 h be5 s lo?
 to lie "u ! bitt]  c5sures ( !         
unexp]i5c$1 y\ng]1 hott] sort2 & to     
avoid su*  c5sures & keep 9 ) !m1 !y h  
foll[$ ^? :om !y  %\ld h l$1 & h be5    
drawn q beyond _! own  und]/&+s4 ,god   
ha? made wisdom to be ! guide ( ! *ur*1 
& zeal to foll[ & dilig5tly execute !   
comm&s ( wisdom4 ,let  ignorant1 well   
mean+ p c5sure y z bitt]ly z !y please1 
yet keep y\r gr\nd1 & be n s pr\d or    
weak z to pref] _!  good e/eem be=e _!  
b5efit1 & be=e ! pleas+ ( ,god4 ,s9  n  
aga9/ y\r k to escape ! c5sure ( !      
ignorant4 ,if  y d1 ,god w make ^? m5   
y\r sc\rges :om y s mu*  ov]valu$3 & !y 
%all prove to _! spiritual fa!rs z      
cock]$ *ildr5 7l ,absalom7 d to _!      
natural fa!rs1 &  p]haps be ! break+ (  
y\r he>ts4 ,b if ! pa/ors & !  rip]1    
exp]i5c$ *ri/ians w /& _! gr\nd1 & /ick 
toge!r1 & rebuke ! exorbitancies ( !    
c5sori\s y\ng] ones1  !y w ma9ta9 !     

cr$it ( ! gospel1 & keep ! tru?1 &  !   
*ur*'s peace1 & ! hotspurs w 9 "t ei!r  
rep5t & be  sob]1 or be %am$ & disabl$  
to d mu* hurt4    ,direct4 ,,xx4 ,take  
he$ h[ y let loose y\r zeal aga9/ !     
pa/ors ( ! *ur*1 le/ y br+ _! p]sons &  
next _!  (fice into contempt1 & s break 
! bonds ( ! *ur*'s unity &  peace4 ,!re 
is no m hope ( ma9ta9+ ! *ur*'s unity & 
concord )\t ! m9i/ry1 ?an ( keep+ !     
/r5g? or unity (  ! memb]s )\t ! n]ves4 
,if ^! n]ves be weak or lab\r ( a       
convulsion or o!r disease1 x is cur+ &  
/r5g!n+ !m1 &  n ! cutt+ !m asund]1 t   
mu/ prove to ! welf>e &  safety ( !     
body4 ,m$dle ) ! faults ( ! m9i/ry only 
s f>  z t5de? to a cure1 ( !m or ( !    
*ur*1 b n to br+ !m  into disgrace1 &   
weak5 _! int]e/ 9 ! p1 & disable  !m f  
do+ good4 ,abhor t pr\d1 rebelli\s _s1 t
 is  prone to set up itself aga9/ !     
(fic]s ( ,*ri/1 & "u  pret5ce ( great]  
wisdom or hol9ess1 to br+ _! guides into
  contempt2 & is pick+ qu>rels ) !m     
beh9d _! back1 to make  !m a scorn or   

odi\s to ! he>]s4 ,inde$ a m9i/] (      
,satan t  do? m h>m 9 ! *ur* ?an good1  
mu/ be s detect$ z may  be/ disable him 
f do+ h>m4 ,b he t do? m good ?an  hurt1
 mu/ s be dissuad$ f ! hurt z n to be   
disabl$ f  ! good4 ,my bre?r51 be n _m  
ma/]s1 7or tea*]s17 kn[+  t ye %all     
receive ! great] condemnation1 ,james   
iii4 #a4    ,direct4 ,,xxi4 ,look m ) an
 eye ( *>ity on :at is good 9  o!rs & _!
 wor%ip ( ,god1 ?an ) an eye ( malice to
 c>p at  :at appe>e? evil4 ,"s m5 h su* 
di/emp]$ eyes1 t !y  c see almo/ no?+ b 
fault9ess 9 any ?+ ( ano!r p>ty  :i* !y 
look at2 envy & faction make !m c>p at e
 ^w &  e ge/ure3 & !y make no consci5ce 
( aggravat+ e  fail+1 & mak+ idolatry ( 
e mi/ake 9 wor%ip1 & mak+  h]esy or     
blasphemy ( e mi/ake 9 judgm5t1 & mak+  
apo/asy  ( e fall2 nay1 p]haps ! tru?   
itself %all h no bett] a  repres5tation4
 ,z ,dr4 ,h4 ,m well note?1 ,x w\ld d   
mu* m good  9 ! _w1 if all p>ties 7     
=w>d] to f9d out & comm5d  :at is good 9
 ! doctr9e & wor%ip ( all t diff] f !m4 

,?is w\ld w9 !m to he>k5 to re=m+       
advice1 & w\ld keep up  ! cr$it ( !     
common tru?s & duties ( religion 9 ! _w1
  :5 ?is envi\s sn>l+ at all t o!rs d1  
do? t5d to br+  ! _w to a!ism1 & bani%  
all rev]5ce ( religion1 toge!r  )       
*ri/ian *>ity1 f ! e>?4    ,direct4     
,,xxii4 ,keep n /range to ^? f :om y    
diff]1 b be  acqua9t$ ) !m1 & placidly  
he> :at !y h to say =  !mselves3 or else
 conv]se ) !m 9 *ri/ian love 9 all ^?   
duties 9 :i* y are agre$1 & ?is 7if y   
nev] talk ( y\r  diff]5ces7 w d mu* to  
reconcile y 9 all ! re/4#aga ,x is  !   
common way ( division1 un*>itabl5ess1   
yea1 & cruelty at  la/1 to receive h>d  
reports ( ^? t diff] f u beh9d  _!      
backs1 & to believe & aggravate all1 &  
proce$ to  detraction & cont5tion at a  
di/ance1 & 9 ! d>k1 & nev] be  famili>ly
 acqua9t$ ) !m at all4 ,!re is some?+ 9 
!  appreh5sion ( places1 & p]sons1 &    
?+s1 by ! eye-sight1  :i* no reports are
 able to mat*3 & s !re is t satisfaction
  ab\t m5 by famili> acqua9tance1 :i* we

 _c atta9 by he>say  f any1 h[ judici\s 
soev]4 ,all factions commonly conv]se   
toge!r1 & seek no famili> conv]se )     
o!rs1 b believe !m  to be any ?+ t is   
naught1 & !n report !m to be s1 be=e  !y
 ev] knew ! p]sons ( :om !y speak4 ,i am
 p]suad$ ?is is  "o ( ! greate/ fe$]s ( 
enmity1 un*>itabl5ess1 cont5tion1  &    
sl&]s 9 ! _w4 ,i speak x ^u great       
obs]vation &  exp]i5ce1 ,i h seldom he>d
 any man bitt]ly oppose ! s]vants  (    
,*ri/1 b ei!r grossly wick$1 or ^? t    
nev] _h mu*  acqua9tance ) !m2 & ,i see 
commonly1 h[ bitt] soev] m5 7  be=e1 :5 
once !y conv]se toge!r1 & gr[ acqua9t$1 
!y  are m reconcil$4 ,! reason is1 p>tly
 because !y f9d less evil  & m good 9 "o
 ano!r ?an be=e !y did believe to be 9  
!m2 & p>tly because un*>itabl5ess &     
malice1 be+ an ugly  mon/]1 is bold] at 
a di/ance1 b a%am$ ( itself be=e y\r    
face3 & !re=e ! p5s ( ! *ampions (      
malice are usually  m bitt] ?an _!      
tongues :5 !y speak to y face to face4  
,(  all ! furi\s adv]s>ies t h rag$     

aga9/ me 9 ! latt]  "p ( my life1 ,i    
rememb] n "o enemy t ,i h1 or ev] _h1  t
 0 ev] famili> or acqua9t$ ) me2 & ,i h 
myself he>d  ill reports ( _m1 :i* by   
p]sonal acqua9tance ,i h f\nd to be  all
 false4 ,keep toge!r1 & ei!r sil5ce y\r 
diff]5ces1 or  g5tly debate !m2 yea1 r  
*ide x out1 !n )draw asund]4            
,famili>ity fe$e? love & unity4         
,direct4 ,,xxiii4 ,:5ev] y look at any  
corruption 9 ! *ur*1  look also at !    
contr>y extreme1 & see & avoid ! dang] (
 "o  z well z ( ! o!r4 ,be sure e error 
& *ur* corruption  ha? its extreme1 & if
 y d n see x1 & ! dang] ( x1 y  are !   
lik] to run into x4 ,look well on bo?   
sides if y w\ld be  safe4    ,direct4   
,,xxiv4 ,wor%ip ,god y\rselves 9 ! pure/
 mann]1 & "u  ! mo/ edify+ m9i/ry t     
lawfully y c atta92 b be n  too =w>d to 
condemn o!rs t rea* n to y\r measure1 or
  atta9 n s mu* happ9ess2 & d5y n       
p]sonal communion  sometimes1 ) *ur*es t
 are m blemi%$1 & less fit =  communion4
 ,& :5 y _c jo9 locally ) !m1 let !m h  

! communion ( y\r he>ts1 9 fai? & *>ity1
 & pray] =  ea* o!r4 ,i fe> n "h op5ly  
to tell ! _w1 t if ,i 7  turn$ loose to 
my own lib]ty1 ,i w\ld ord9>ily wor%ip  
,god 9 t  mann] t ,i ?\ght mo/ pure &   
agreeable to 8 w & ^w2  b ,i w\ld       
sometimes g to ! *ur*es ( o!r *ri/ians1 
t  7 fit = *ri/ian communion1 if !re 7  
su* ab\t me2  sometimes to ! indep5d5ts1
 sometimes to ! mod]ate anabapti/s1     
sometimes to su* z _h a liturgy z faulty
 z t ( ! ,greek or  ! ,e?iopian *ur*es2 
to %[ by my practice1 :at communion my  
he>t ha? ) !m all4    ,direct4 ,,xxv4   
,take he$ t y int]e/ n religion or !    
*ur*  9 civil diff]5ces4#agb ,?is error 
ha? divid$ & ru9$ _m  fam\s *ur*es1 &   
mo/ injuri\sly made ! holy tru? & wor%ip
  ( ,god to be a reproa* & infamy among 
selfi%1 p>tial1 c>nal m54  ,:5 pr9ces & 
/ates fall out among !mselves1 !y w ne$s
  draw ! m9i/]s to _! sides1 & !n "o    
side w c]ta9ly  condemn !m1 & call !m   
all t self-int]e/ & malice c  inv5t2 &  
commonly :5 ! controv]sy is only 9 po9t 

( law or  politics1 x is religion t be>s
 ! blame ( all3 & !  diff]5ces ( lawy]s 
& /atesm5 mu/ be *>g$ ^u div9es1  t !   
devil may be able to make !m useless1 z 
to ! good ( all  t p>ty t is aga9/ !m1 &
 may make religion itself be  call$     
rebellion4 ,& oh t ,god w\ld ma9ta9 !   
peace (  k+doms2 & k+s & subjects 7 all 
lov]s ( peace1 ! r  because ! diff]5ces 
9 /ates d cause s commonly divisions 9  
! *ur*4 ,x w\ld make a man wond] 7& a   
lov] ( hi/ory to  lam5t7 to obs]ve 9 !  
diff]5ces betwe5 ! pope & ,h5ry !  f\r?1
 & o!r emp]ors1 h[ ! hi/orians are      
divid$1 "o half  comm5d+ him t ! o!r    
half condemne?2 & h[ ! bi%ops &  *ur*es 
7 "o half = ! pope1 & ! o!r = ! emp]or2 
& "o half /ill acc\nt$ rebels or        
s*ismatics by ! o!r1  ?\gh !y 7 all ( "o
 religion4 ,x is m to ru9 ! *ur*1  ?an  
k+doms1 t ,satan lab\re? s mu* to k9dle 
w>s1 & bre$  civil diff]5ces 9 ! _w2 &  
!re=e let him t love? !  *ur*'s peace1  
be an ob$i5t subject1 & an enemy (      
s$ition1 &  a lov] & def5d] ( ! civil   

peace & gov]nm5t 9 ! place  t ,god ha?  
set him 93 = ?is is pleas+ unto ,god4   
,i "k !re are "s1 t ) too bloody &      
calamit\s success1  h 9 mo/ ages giv5   
o!r k9d ( directions = ! extirpation  ( 
error1 h]esy1 & s*ism1 ?an ,i h "h      
giv53#agc b ,god  ha? /ill caus$ ! mo/  
wise1 & holy1 & *>itable1 &  exp]i5c$   
*ri/ians to be> _! te/imony aga9/ !m4 ,&
 he  ha? ev] caus$ _! way ( cruelty to  
turn to _! own %ame3 &  ?\gh 7l treasons
 & robb]ies7 x seem = ! "t pres5t to    
s]ve _! turn1 x is bitt]ness 9 ! end1 & 
leave? a /9k+  memorial ( _! names &    
actions to po/]ity4 ,& ! treatises (    
reconcil]s1 7su* z our ,halls1 ,u%]s1   
,b]gius1 ,burr\ghs1 & _m  o!r17 by !    
delectable sav\r ( unity & *>ity1 are   
sweet &  acceptable to prud5t &         
peaceable p]sons1 ?\gh usually          
unsuccessful ) ! viol5t t ne$$ !m4      
,besides ! =ecit$ witness ( ,sir        
,francis ,bacon1 c4 ,i w "h  add "o ( ! 
mo/ anci5t1 & "o or two ( ?is age1 :om !
  contr>y-m9d$ d m5tion ) ! greate/     

hon\r4 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1  ,dial4 cum ,tryph4
 do? at l>ge give 8 judgm5t1 t a judaiz+
  *ri/ian1 :o ?9ke? x be/ to be         
circumcis$ & keep ! law (  ,moses1 be   
suff]$ 9 8 op9ion & practice1 & admitt$ 
to !  communion & privileges ( ! *ur*1 &
 lov$ z "o t may be  sav$ 9 t way1 s be 
x he d n make x 8 bus9ess to p]suade    
o!rs to 8 way1 & tea* x z necess>y to   
salvation or  communion2 = su* he do?   
condemn4    ,k+ ,james by ! p5 ( ,is4   
,casaubon telle? ,c>d9al du ,p]ron1 t   
,8 ,maje/y ?9ke?1 t = concord !re is no 
ne>] way1 ?an  dilig5tly to sep>ate ?+s 
necess>y f ! unnecess>y1 & to  be/[ all 
our lab\r t we may agree 9 ! ?+s        
necess>y1 &  t 9 ?+s unnecess>y !re may 
be place giv5 = *ri/ian  lib]ty4 ,! k+  
calle? ^! ?+s simply necess>y1 :i* ei!r 
! ^w ( ,god expressly comm&e? to be     
believ$ or done1 or :i*  ! anci5t *ur*  
did ga!r f ! ^w ( ,god by necess>y      
consequ5ce4----    ,grotius ,annot4 9   
,matt4 xiii4 #da1 is s full & l>ge ^u x1
 t ,i  mu/ entreat ! read] to p]use 8   

own words2 :]e by argum5ts  & au?ority  
he vehem5tly rebuke? ! _s ( fury1       
cruelty1 &  un*>itabl5ess1 :i* "u       
pret5ce ( gov]nm5t1 discipl9e1 &  zeal1 
d5ie? t lib]ty & =be>ance1 ev5 to       
h]etics &  (f5d]s1 7mu* m :5 to !       
fai?ful m9i/]s ( ,*ri/17 :i*  human     
frailty ha? made necess>y1 & ,*ri/ ha?  
comm&$ 8  s]vants to grant4 ,conclud+1  
,ubi solitud9em fec]ant1 pacem          
appellabant 7z ,t]tul474 ,et 8 omnibus  
obt5di solet /udium  div9i nom9is2 s$   
pl]umque obt5di tantum4 ,nam ,deus      
d$ignatur  coacta s]vitia2 nec plac]e   
illi pote/ quod vi humana exprimitur4   
,reipsa sol5t qui id faciunt non nom9i  
div9o1 s$ suis honoribus1  suis commodis
 et tranquillitati consul]e2 quod scit  
ille qui m5tes  introspicit4 ,atque ita 
fit1 ut lolium evellatur cum tritico1   
innoc5tes cum noc5tibus3 immo ut        
triticum spe sumatur pro lolio3  non    
enim tam b5e agitur cum rebus humanis1  
ut semp] meliora pluribus  aut          
validioribus placeant3 s$ ut 9 grege    

taurus1 ita int] hom9es1  qui viribus e/
 editior1 imbecilliorem cdit3 et iidem  
spe qu pati  se qurebantur1 mox 9 alios 
aud5t4--,lege ct]a4    ,aga91 ,i entreat
 ^? t w\ld escape ! s9 ( s*ism1 to read 
s]i\sly ! =esaid ,treatises (           
peacemak]s2 especially ,bi%op  ,hall's  
,peacemak]2 ,bi%op ,u%]'s ,s]mon on     
,ephes4 iv4 #c2 & ,mr4  ,j]emy          
,burr\ghs' ,ir5icum3 to :i* ,i may add  
,mr4 ,/ill+fleet's  ,ir5icum1 = ! hot   
cont5d]s ab\t *ur* gov]nm5t2 ?\gh ,i    
believe all ! sub/ance ( *ur* ord] to be
 ( div9e in/itution3  & ,jac4 ,acontii  
,/ratag4 ,satan4    ,& x mu/ be c>efully
 not$1 t "o way by :i* ,satan tempte?   
m5 into *ur* divisions1 is by an        
ov]-vehem5t zeal aga9/  divid]s2 & s he 
w\ld draw ! rul]s ( ! _w1 "u pret5ce  ( 
a zeal = unity & peace1 to raise        
p]secutions aga9/ all t  are guilty (   
any excess ( scrupulosity ab\t *ur*     
communion1 or (  any pr9ciples or       
practices :i* a little sw]ve f true     
ca?olicism3 & s by ! cruelty ( _!       

p5alties1 sil5c+  m9i/]s1 & vex+ ! p1 !y
 mu* increase ! divisions  :i* !y w\ld  
heal3 = :5 ,satan _c d 8 "w b>efac$ &   
directly1 he use? to be ! =w>de/ 9 seem+
 to d good1 & to  take "p ) ,*ri/1 &    
tru?1 & godl9ess2 & !n 8 way is  to     
ov]-d3 he w be ov]-or?odox1 & ov]-godly1
 &  ov]-peaceable1 t he hug ! *ur* &    
tru? to dea?1 by 8 too  h>d embracem5ts4
 ,z 9 families & neighb\rhoods1 "s cross
 words  mu/ be pass$ ov] if we w\ld h   
peace2 & he t = e  provok+1 unpeaceable 
^w ( ano!r1 w raise a /orm1 %all be     
himself ! mo/ unpeaceable3 s is x 9 !   
*ur*2 he t _c  be> ) ! weaknesses ( !   
y\ng] sort ( *ri/ians1 :o are  too mu*  
incl9$ by _! zeal aga9/ s91 to divid+   
ways1 b  w pres5tly let fly at !m z     
s*ismatics1 & make !m odi\s1  &         
excommunicate or puni% !m accord+ to 8  
wra?1 %all  increase ! zeal & ! numb] ( 
divid]s1 & prove himself !  greate/     
divid]4    ,& by ?is viol5ce & de/roy+  
zeal ( or?odox rul]s1 aga9/  ! real     
faults & infirmities ( "s sep>at+1 well 

mean+ m51  a f> great] numb] ( het]odox 
rul]s are enc\rag$ to p]secute  ! mo/   
le>n$1 sob]1 & peaceable m9i/]s1 & ! mo/
 godly  & fai?ful ( _! subjects1 :o d>e 
n con=m to all _!  unrighte\s edicts1 & 
ecclesia/ical laws1 9 ?+s =bidd5 by  !  
law ( ,*ri/3 & all ?is is done ^u       
pret5ce ( promot+  unity & peace1 &     
suppress+ h]esy & s*ism4 ,& s p]secution
  become? ! devil's eng9e to keep out ! 
gospel & godl9ess f  ! infidel _w1 & to 
keep !m "u 9 ! *ri/ian _w4    ,s$ tam5  
sive illud 7,orig5is de ,r$emptione     
futura diabolorum7  error e/1 ut ego    
s5tio2 sive hresis ut putatur1 non solum
 reprimi  non potuit multis             
animadv]sionibus sac]dotum1 s$ nequaquam
 tam late  se potuisset effund]e1 nisi  
cont5tione crevisset3 inquit            
,po/humianus 9 ,sulp4 ,sev]i ,dialog4 i4
    ,s$ non fuit animus ibi consi/]e1   
ubi rec5s frat]n cladis  f]vebat        
invidia4 ,nam etsi =tasse videantur p>]e
 episcopis  debuisse1 non ob hanc tam5  
causam multitud9em tantam sub ,*ri/i    

confessione viv5tem1 prs]tim ab         
episcopis oportuisset affligi4 ,id4     
ibid4 speak+ ( ! bi%ops provok+ ! secul>
 p[] to afflict  ! monks ( ,alex&ria =  
def5d+ ,orig54    ,:5 ! emp]or          
,con/antius w\ld by viol5ce =ce !       
or?odox to  hold communion ) ! ,arians1 
he did b make ! brea* ! wid]4  ,read    
,lucif] ,cal>itanus de non conv5i5do cum
 hreticis 79  ,biblio?4 ,patr4 tom4 ix4 
p4 #ajde1 c474 ,! emp]or sai?1 t !      
or?odox 7 enemies to peace1 & unity1 &  
bro!rly love1 &  t he 0 resolv$ to h    
unity & peace 9 8 dom9ions3  !re=e he   
imprison$ ! or?odox & bani%$ !m4        
,propt]ea  odis nos1 quia concilium     
ve/rum malignantium execremur2 propt]ea 
9  exilio sumus2 propt]ea 9 c>c]e       
necamur2 propt]ea nobis solis           
prohibetur conspectus2 idcirco reclusi 9
 t5ebras cu/odimur +5ti  cu/odia3 hujus 
rei causa nullus ad nos vis5dos         
admittitur hom9um2  quia videlicet      
nolu]imus vobiscum impiis sacrilegis    
ullam scel]um  ve/rorum hab]e           

societatem4 ,ibid4 p4 #ajej4 ,:i* /irr$ 
up ?is  bi%op 9 p>ticul> to g too f> f  
free communion ev5 ) !  p5it5t ,arians1 
& heap up m scriptures aga9/ t communion
  :i* ! emp]or comm&$1 ?an any _h done  
be=e4 ,nobis dicebas1  ,pacem volo fi]i2
 et 9 corde tuo man5s adv]s>ius         
religionis  no/r1 cogitabat p] te fac]e 
nos idololatras1 c4 p4 #ajea4  ,consilia
 ve/ra contra suam prolata ecclesiam    
reprobat ,deus3 nec enim  pote/ odire   
populum suum1 hr$itatem suam1 et am>e   
vos filios  pe/il5ti1 vos p]secutores   
s]vorum suorum3 dixi/i1 ,facite pacem   
cum episcopis sect me ,arrianis1 et     
e/ote 9 unum2 et dicit ,dei  ,spiritus1 
vias impiorum noli exequi1 neque mul]is 
viam iniquorum4  c4----,dulce quibusdam 
videtur1 quo tibi regi 9 amicitias      
jungantur  suscipi5do hres9 tuam3 s$    
am>ius felle s5suri cum tecum 9         
p]petuum cp]9t 9 p]petua geh5na s5tire1 
qui tecum esse  delig]unt1 tunc dicturi1
 ,v nobis1 qui ,con/antium ,imp]atorem  
,deo  prposu]imus4 ,abundance m he      

write? to prove t ! emp]or  be+ a       
h]etic1 !y mu/ h no communion ) him or 8
 bi%ops4  ,& :5 ! emp]or compla9$       
h]eupon1 t !y wrong$ &  di%on\r$ him :om
 !y %\ld hon\r1 ! said ,lucif] wrote 8  
next book1 de non p>c5do 9 ,deum        
del9qu5tibus2 :i* beg9ne?1  ,sup]atum   
te1 ,imp]ator1 a ,dei s]vis ex omni cum 
conspexisses p>te1  dixi/i passum te ac 
pati a nobis contra monita sacr>um      
,scriptur>um  contumeliam3 dicis nos    
insol5tes extitisse1 circa te quem      
honor>i  decu]it4 ,si quisquam ,dei     
cultorum pep]cit apo/atis1 s9t v]a qu   
dicis de nobis2 & s he heape? up z _m   
texts = r\gh deal+  ) (f5d+ k+s2 ,i give
 ?is "o in/ance to %[ ! fruits (        
viol5ce1 z pret5d$ = peace & unity4     
,( ! p]secutions ( ! fai?ful 9 mo/ ages1
 ev5 by pr(ess$  *ri/ians !mselves1 &   
,god's dis[n+ t _s ( cruelty by  8      
special provid5ces1 all *ur* hi/ory     
make? m5tion3 & h[  ! names ( su*       
p]secut+ hypocrites h /unk 9 ! no/rils (
  all sob] m5 :5 _! trag$y 0 fully act$ 

& und]/ood4  ,especially ! poor *ur*es  
call$ ,wald5ses1 ,pic>ds1 &  ,albig5ses1
 h felt ! griev\se/ effects ( ?is       
tyranny1 & yet  h ! te/imony ( ! be/ &  
wise/ m51 to h be5 ! pure/  & ! ne>e/ to
 ! apo/olic simplicity 9 all ! _w2 & !  
memory ( _! enemies & p]secutors is an  
abhorr5ce to ! sons  ( *>ity & peace4   
,read ,lasitius & ,comm5ius ( _!        
discipl9e1  & ,bi%op ,u%] de ,eccles4   
succes4 et /atu4 ,i w recite "o  notable
 passage m5tion$ by ,?uanus & ,comm5ius1
 ! "o ,hi/4 lib4  xxxvi4 ! o!r de bono  
,unit4 et ,ord4 ,discipl4 p4 #ei4       
,maximilian1  t good & mod]ate emp]or1  
be+ "o day 9 ! coa* ) ,joh4  ,crato     
only1 78 *ief physician & a le>n$       
prote/ant71 lam5t+  ! divisions (       
*ri/ians1 ask$ ,crato1 :i* sort he ?\ght
 came  ne>e/ to ! apo/olic simplicity3  
he answ]$1 ,he ?\ght t  hon\r belong$ to
 ! bre?r5 call$ ,pic>ds4 ,! emp]or said1
 ,he  ?\ght s too3 :i* ,crato acqua9t+  
!m )1 enc\rag$ !m to  d$icate to him a  
book ( "p ( _! devotions2 = ! ye> be=e  

,god _h ?us m>vell\sly sav$ him f hav+ a
 h& 9 _! blood4  ,joa*imus a ,nova      
,domo1 *ancellor ( ,bohemia1 w5t to     
,vi5na1 &  gave ! emp]or no re/1 till he
 _h procur$ him to subscribe a  m&ate = 
! reviv+ ( a =m] p]secut+ m&ate aga9/   
!m3  hav+ got 8 commission1 & pass+ j   
out ( ! gates (  ,vi5na1 z he 0 ^u !    
bridge ov] ! ,danubius1 ! bridge brake  
"u him1 & he & all 8 ret9ue fell into t 
great &  t]rible wat]2 & all 7 dr[n$    
except six horsem51 & "o  "y nobleman1  
:o1 see+ 8 "l 9 ! waves1 cat*$ hold ( 8 
gold *a91 & held him till "s fi%]m5 came
 9 boats1 b f\nd  him dead1 & 8 box ) ! 
commission sunk pa/ recov]y4 ,?is       
nobleman :o surviv$1 0 s5sible ( ,god's 
judgm5t1 & turn$ to  ! bre?r5 9         
religion1 & ! m&ate 0 no fur!r          
prosecut$4  7,su* ano!r /ory ,bi%op ,u%]
 0 wont to tell h[ ,irel& 0  sav$ f     
p]secution 9 ,que5 ,m>y's days47    ,b x
 is ! mo/ he9\s cruelty1 :51 z 9        
,daniel's case1 !re  are laws ( impiety 
or iniquity1 made ( purpose to entrap ! 

innoc5t1 by !m t confess1 ,we %all f9d  
no fault aga9/ ?is  ,daniel1 except x be
 conc]n+ ! law ( 8 ,god3 & !n m5 mu/  be
 tak5 9 ^! spid]s' webs1 & accus$ z     
s*ismatical1 or :at  ! contriv]s please4
 ,& especially :5 x is real hol9ess :i* 
is hat$1 & ord]1 unity1 concord1 peace1 
or ob$i5ce to our  pa/ors1 is made !    
pret5ce1 = ! malici\s oppression ( x4   
,gildas & ,salvian h told *ur* gov]nors 
( ?is at l>ge3 &  _m ( ! p]secut$       
prote/ants h m l>gely told ! ,roman     
cl]gy ( x4    ,x is a sm>t compla9t (   
him t wrote ! ,epi/4 de malus           
,doctoribus1 ascrib$ to ,pope ,sixtus   
,,iii4 ,hujus doctr9 causa 7pro         
sanctitate scilicet7 paucos amicos      
conquirunt1 et plures inimicos1  necesse
 e/ enim eos qui peccatorum vitia       
condemnant1 tantos hab]e  contr>ios1    
quantos ex]c]e vitia delectat3 inde e/  
etiam quod  iniquis et impiis           
factionibus opprimuntur3 quod crim9ibus 
falsis  appetuntur1 quod hresis etiam   
p]funduntur infamia3 quod hic omnis     

inimicorum suorum s]mo ab ipsorum sumit 
obtrectatione mat]iam4 ,s$  quid mirum  
ut flagitiosis hresis videatur doctr9a  
ju/iti8 ,quibus  tam5 hresis8 ,ipsorum  
secretum patet tantum inimicis1 cum si  
fides  dictis inesset1 amici illud      
potius scire potuiss5t1 c4    ,! cause  
is1 sai? ,prosp] de vit4 ,contempl4 lib4
 i4 cap4 #bj4 et ex  eo ,hilitg>ius     
,cam>ac4 lib4 v4 cap4 #ai4 ,s$ nos      
prs5tibus  delectati1 dum 9 hac vita    
commoda no/ra et honores inquirimus1 non
  ut meliores s$ ut ditiores1 non ut    
sanctiores1 s$ ut honoratiores  simus1  
ct]is fe/9amus4 ,nec gregem ,dom9i qui  
nobis pasc5dus1  tu5dusque commissus e/1
 s$ no/ras voluntates1 dom9ationem1     
divitias1 et ct]a bl&im5ta c>nalit]     
cogitamus4 ,pa/ores dici  volumus1 nec  
tam5 esse cont5dimus4 ,(ficii non       
vitamus laborem1  appetimus dignitatem2 
immundorum spirituum f]as a grege       
dilac]&o  non pellimus2 et quod eis     
remans]at1 ipsi consumimus3 qu&o        
peccantes divites vel pot5tes non solum 

non arguimus1 s$ etiam  v5]amur2 ne     
nobis aut mun]a solita (f5si non        
dirigant1 aut  obsequia desid]ata       
subducant3 ac sic mun]ibus eorum et     
obsequiis  capti1 immo p] hc illis      
addicti1 loqui eis de peccato suo aut   
de futuro judicio =midamus2 ad hoc      
tantum pot5tes effecti1 ut nobis  9     
subjectos dom9ationem tyrannicam        
v9dicemus2 non ut afflictos  contra     
viol5tiam pot5tum qui 9 eos f]>um m     
sviunt1  def5damus4 ,inde e/ quod tam a 
pot5tibus hujus mundi1 quam a nobis1    
quod pejus e/1 nonnulli gravit] fatigati
 dep]iunt1 quos se de manu  no/ra       
,dom9us requisiturum t]ribilit]         
comm9atur----    ,sulp4 ,sev]us also    
t\*e? ! sore :5 he sai?1 ,hi/4 lib4 ii4 
,c]tatim gloriosa 9 c]tam9a ruebatur1   
multoque avidius tum  m>tyria gloriosis 
mortibus qurebantur1 quam nunc          
episcopatus pravis  ambitionibus        
appetuntur4    ,b :5 he sai?1 ibid4 aft]
 ,con/ant9e's deliv]y ( ! *ur*1  ,neque 
ult]ius p]secutionem =e cr$imus1 nisi   

eam quam sub f9e  jam sculi anti*ri/us  
ex]cebit1 ei!r he 0 grossly mi/ak51 or  
else ^? are ! in/rum5ts ( anti*ri/ t are
 n ?\ght s4    ,x is a mo/ notable      
in/ance to our purpose :i* ,sev]us ends 
8  hi/ory )1 ( ! mis*iev\s zeal (       
or?odox ,i?acius & ,idacius  aga9/      
,priscillian & 8 gno/ics2 & wor?y ( !   
/udy ( !  prelates ( ! *ur*3 ,idacius   
s9e modo et ultra quam oportuit         
,i/antium sociosque ejus lacess5s1 facem
 nasc5ti inc5dio subdidit3  ut          
exasp]av]it malos potius quam           
compress]it4 ,9 sum1 !y got !  magi/rate
 to int]pose & bani% ! gno/ics1 :o      
quickly le>n$1  by brib+ c\rt (fic]s1 to
 turn ! emp]or aga9/ ! or?odox  =       
!mselves2 till ! zeal ( ,idacius &      
,i?acius grew s hot z  to accuse ev5 !  
be/ m51 yea1 ,/4 ,m>t9 himself1 ( fav\r+
 !  gno/ics3 & at la/ got ano!r         
tyrannical emp]or to put  ,priscillian &
 _m o!r gno/ics to dea?1 ?\gh !y )drew  
f ! accusation1 z t5d+ to _! own        
confusion4 ,& ,sev]us  sai?1 ,c]te      

,i?acium nihil p5si1 nihil sancti       
habuisse def9io3  fuit enim audax1      
loquax1 impud5s1 sumptuosus1 v5]i et gul
 plurimum  imp]ti5s4 ,hic /ultiti eo    
usque process]at1 ut omnes etiam sanctos
  viros1 quibus aut /udium in]at        
iectionis1 aut propositum erat  c]t>e   
jejuniis1 tanquam ,priscilliani socios  
et discipulos1 9 crim5  arcess]et4      
,ausus etiam mis] e/1 ,m>t9o episcopo1  
viro plane  apo/olis conf]5do1 palam    
object>e hresis infamiam3----quia non   
des9ebat increp>e ,i?acium1 ut ab       
accusatione desi/]et4 ,& :5  ! lead]s 7 
put to dea?1 ! h]esy increas$ m1 &      
hon\r$  ,priscillian z a m>tyr1 &       
reproa*$ ! or?odox z wick$  p]secutors3 
& ! end 01 t ! *ur* 0 fill$ by x )      
divisions & manifold mis*iefs1 & all !  
mo/ godly made !  common scorn4 ,int] hc
 plebs ,dei et optimus quisque1 probro  
atque  ludibrio habebatur4 ,!y are ! la/
 words ( ,sev]us's ,hi/ory2 &  *ang+ !  
names are calculat$ = ano!r m]idian1 & =
 lat]  ye>s4    #acf ,( ?is subject ,i h

 writt5 already1 #a4 ,my ,univ]sal      
,concord4 #b4 ,my ,ca?olic ,unity4 #c4  
,( ! ,true ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 #d4  ,my     
,*ri/ian ,concord4    #acg ,read ov]    
,sir ,francis ,bacon's ?ird ,essay2 &   
,hales ( ,s*ism4    #ach ,9 ve/e ,*ri/i 
v>ietas sit2 scissura non sit4 ,!y be   
two  ?+s1 unity & uni=mity4 ,"l ,bacon1 
,essay iii4    #aci #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab1    
#ac4    #adj ,gal4 iii4 #bj2 iv4 #e1 #f2
 ,eph4 iv4 #e2 #a ,cor4 xii4 #ab1 #ac2  
#a ,pet4  i4 #af2 ,eph4 iv4 #aa-ac2 ii4 
#bj1 #ba1 #ai2 #a ,john iii4 #aa1 #ad1  
#bc2 ,psal4  cxxii4 #b2 #a ,pet4 ii4 #a1
 #b2 ,john iii4 #f2 ,heb4 x4 #be2 #a    
,cor4 x4 #af1 #ag2  ,rom4 xii4 #a2 ,eph4
 ii4 #aj1 #aa4    #ada #a ,john ii4     
#ab-ad2 ,heb4 v4 #aa-ac2 ,matt4 xvii4   
#b2 xiii4 #ca2 ,rom4  xiv4 #a1 #b1 #ba2 
xv4 #a2 #a ,cor4 viii4 #g1 #aj1 #ab2 ix4
 #bb2 ,acts xx4 #ce2  ,luke i4 #f2      
,phil4 ii4 #ae2 ,gal4 ii4 #i1 #aa1 #ac1 
#ad2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #d2 #a ,cor4  iii4 #a1 
#d1 #e2 ,eph4 iv4 #aa1 #ab1ac2 ,rom4    
xiv42 xv42 ,col4 ii4 #ah1 #bb2  ,phil4  

ii4 #bj1 #ba2 #a ,cor4 xii4 #bb1 #bd2 #a
 ,sam4 ii4 #cj2 ,matt4 xxiii4 #aa2      
,luke xxii4 #bf2 ,matt4 xx4 #bc2 ,luke  
xx4 #cj2 ,matt4 xix4 #cj2 xx4 #af4      
#adb ,! true plac+ ! bonds ( unity      
importe? exce$+ly4 ,:i*  w be done if ! 
po9ts fundam5tal1 & ( sub/ance 9        
religion1  7 truly disc]n$ & di/+ui%$ f 
po9ts n m]ely (  fai?1 b ( op9ion1 ord]1
 or good int5tion4 ,?is is a ?+ t  may  
seem to _m a matt] trivial1 & done      
already2 b if x 7  done less p>tially x 
w\ld be embrac$ m g5]ally4 ,l4 ,bacon1  
,essay iii4    #adc ,james iii4 #ac-ag4 
#add #a ,pet4 ii4 #e1 #g1 #i4 ,leg4     
,grotium de ,imp4 p4 #bcj1 #bca4    #ade
 ,leg4 ,grotium de ,imp4 p4 #bbc1 #bbf4 
#adf ,b n d5y+ h] to be a *ur*1 unless  
%e ca/ (f "s  ess5tial "p2 b s dis[n+ h]
 z 9 #b ,!ss4 iii4    #adg ,:]e any *ur*
 reta9+ ! purity ( doctr9e do? require  
! own+ ( & con=m+ to any unlawful or    
suspect$ practice1  m5 may lawfully d5y 
con=mity to & communion ) t *ur* 9  su* 
?+s1 )\t incurr+ ! guilt ( s*ism4 ,mr4  

,/ill+fleet4  ,ir54 p4 #aag4    #adh #a 
,sam4 xv4 #bb2 ,prov4 xv4 #h4    #adi #b
 ,john x4 #aa2 #b ,tim4 iii4 #e2 ,rom4  
xvi4 #ag2 #a ,cor4 v4 #aa4    #aej      
,matt4 xiii4 #da1 #cj2 ,j]4 xv4 #ai2 #a 
,cor4 xii4 #bc1 #bd4    #aea ,see ,rom4 
xiv4 ?r\gh\t2 ,rom4 xv4 #ab1 #e-g2 ,eph4
 iv4 #d-g2 #a ,pet4  iii4 #f2 #a ,cor4  
xii4 ?r\gh\t2 ,phil4 iii4 #ae1 #af2     
,acts ii4 #a1 #df2 iv4  #cb2 ,rom4 xii4 
#d1 #e2 ,psal4 cxxxiii2 #a ,cor4 viii2  
#a ,tim4 i4 #d2 ,james  iii4    #aeb    
,peace conta9e? inf9ite bless+s3 x      
/r5g!ne? fai?3 x  k9dle? *>ity4 ,!      
outw>d peace ( ! *ur* di/ille? into     
peace ( consci5ce3 & x turne? ! writ+ & 
read+ (  controv]sies into treatises (  
mortification & devotion4 ,aga9/        
procur+ unity by sangu9>y p]secutions1  
see ,"l ,bacon1 ,essay iii4  ,surely !re
 is no bett] way to /op ! ris+ ( new    
sects &  s*isms1 ?an to re=m abuses1 to 
comp\nd ! small] diff]5ces1  to proce$  
mildly1 & n ) sangu9>y p]secutions1 & r 
to  take (f ! pr9cipal au?ors by w9n+ & 

advanc+ !m1 ?an to  enrage !m by viol5ce
 & bitt]ness4 ,"l ,bacon 9 8 ,essay     
lviii4  ,ira hom9is non implet ju/itiam 
,dei4 ,& x 0 a notable  obs]vation ( a  
wise fa!r1 t ^? :i* held & p]suad$      
pressure ( consci5ces1 7 commonly       
int]e/$ !re9 !mselves  = _! own ends4   
,id4 ,essay iii4 p4 #ai4    #aec        
,concil4 ,tolet4 #d4 c4 #af4 #bh4 q4 #a4
 ,ca4 ,judi qui--all[  sep>ation f a    
,jewi% husb&1 if aft] admonition he w n 
be a  *ri/ian3 & s do? ,aco/a & 8       
,concil4 ,lim5s4 l4 #f4 c4 #ba1 &  o!r  
,jesuits1 & all[ ! m>ry+ ( ano!r3 & sure
 !  conjugal bond is fa/] ?an t ( a     
pa/or & 8 flock3 may n a  man !n *ange 8
 pa/or :5 8 s\l is 9 app>5t haz>d8      
#aed ,eph4 iv4 #af2 #a ,tim4 i4 #d2     
,rom4 xv4 #ai2 ,acts ix4 #ca4    #aee   
,rom4 xiv4 #ag2 #a ,tim4 i4 #d4    #aef 
,rom4 viii4 #af2 ix4 #bf2 #a ,john v4   
#b4    #aeg ,quicquid ad multitud9em    
v]git1 antipa?iam cont9et2 et quanto    
magis multitudo augetur1 tanto et       
antipa?ia3 quicquid v]o ad  unitatem    

t5dit1 sympa?iam habet2 et quanti magis 
ad unitatem  acc$it1 tanto p>iori       
sympa?ia augetur4 ,paul ,scalig]1 ,epi/4
 ,ca?4  lib4 iii4 p4 #agf4    #aeh ,eph4
 xiv4 #ac-af4    #aei ,phil4 i4 #i2 #a  
,!ss4 iv4 #i2 ,col4 ii4 #b2 #a ,!ss4    
iii4 #ab2 ,phil4  ii4 #ab2 ,lev4 xviii4 
#i2 #a ,pet4 i4 #bb2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #c2    
,rom4 xii4 #i1 #aj2 #b  ,tim4 i4 #g2    
,heb4 x4 #bd2 #a ,cor4 xii4 #ca2 ,gal4  
v4 #f1 #ac4    #afj #a ,john iv4 #g1 #h2
 ,john xiii4 #ce2 ,james iii4 #ae2 #a   
,john iv4 #af2  ,gal4 v4 #ai-bb2 #b     
,cor4 xiii4 #aa2 #a ,tim4 vi4 #aa2 ,gal4
 v4 #ad2 #a ,cor4  xiii2 ,eph4 iv4 #b1  
#ae1 #af2 ,col4 i4 #d4    #afa ,see ,mr4
 ,/ill+fleet1 ,ir54 p4 #aai1 #abj4      
,bilson = *ri/ian  subjection1 p4 #ebe4 
#afb ,dr4 ,h4 ,m sai?1 ,my/4 ,r$empt4 p4
 #die4 l4 #aj4 c4 #b4 ,!re is  sc>ce any
 *ur* 9 *ri/5dom at ?is day t do? n     
obtrude1  n only falsehood1 b su*       
falsehoods t w appe> to any free  _s    
pure contradictions & impossibilities2 &
 t ) ! same  gravity1 au?ority1 &       

importunity1 t !y d ! holy oracles (    
,god4 ,n[ ! consequ5ts ( ?is mu/ ne$s be
 sad2 ,= :at kn[+  & consci5ti\s man1 b 
w be driv5 (f1 if he _c ass]t !  tru?1  
)\t op5 ass]t+ ( a gross lie8 ,id4 p4   
#ebf4 ,& z =  op9ions1 ?\gh "s may be   
bett] ?an o!r "s1 yet none %\ld  exclude
 f ! fulle/ enjoym5ts ( ei!r private or 
public  rights2 suppos+ !re be no v5om (
 ! p]secutive _s m+l$  ) !m2 b e "o t   
pr(esse? ! fai? ( ,*ri/1 &  believe? !  
,scriptures 9 ! hi/orical s5se1 c4 ,see 
,hales (  ,s*ism1 p4 #h4    #afc ,9     
ecclesiis plus c]tam9um gignunt v]ba    
hom9um quam ,dei2  magisque pugnatur f]e
 de ,apoll9e1 ,petro1 et ,paulo1 quam de
 ,*ri/o3  ret9e div9a3 rel9que humana4  
,bu*olc]4    #afd ,poet nunquam         
p]turb>unt respublicas3 oratores non    
r>o4  ,bu*oltz4    #afe ,aco/a1 l4 vi4  
c4 #bc4 p4 #egi4 ,no?+ s mu* hurte? ?is 
*ur* z a rabble ( hirel+s & self-seek]s3
 = :at c natural  m51 t sc>ce h ! ,_s1 d
 9 ! cause ( ,god8 ,a few 9  numb] t are
 excell5t 9 virtue1 w m promote ! "w (  

,god4--,b !y t come hi!r be+ humble1 &  
lov]s ( s\ls1  tak+ ,*ri/ = _! patt]n1 &
 be>+ 9 _! bodies 8 cross  & dea?1 %all 
mo/ c]ta9ly f9d heav5ly treasures1 &    
ine/imable delights4 ,b :5 w ?is be8 ,:5
 m5 cease to be m51  & to sav\r ! ?+s ( 
m52 & to seek & gape aft] ! ?+s  ( m54  
,) m5 ?is is utt]ly impossible2 b ) ,god
 all ?+s  are possible3 ,because ?is is 
h>d 9 ! eyes ( ?is p1 %all  x !re=e be  
h>d 9 my eyes1 sai? ! ,"l8 ,ze*4 viii4  
#f4 pag4  #ehj4 ,i may say to "s m9i/]s 
t cry out ( ! s*ismatical  disob$i5ce ( 
! p1 z ,aco/a do? to ^? t cri$ out (  ! 
,indians' dulness & wick$ness4 ,x is    
long ( ! tea*]s4 ,deal  ) !m 9 all      
possible love & t5d]ness1 away )        
covet\sness1  lordl9ess1 & cruelty2 give
 !m ! example ( an upright life1  op5 to
 !m ! way ( tru?1 & tea* !m accord+ to  
_!  capacity1 & dilig5tly hold on 9 ?is 
way1 :oev] ?\ art t  art a m9i/] ( !    
gospel1 & 7sai? he7 z ev] ,i hope to    
enjoy  !e1 ,o ,"l ,jesu ,*ri/1 ,i am    
p]suad$ ! h>ve/ w he pl5tiful  & joyful4

 ,lib4 iv4 p4 #dcc1 et passim4 ,b 7sai? 
he7 we quickly  cease our lab\rs1 & mu/ 
pres5tly h ha/y & pl5te\s fruit4  ,b !  
k+dom ( ,god is n su*3 v]ily1 x is n    
su*1 b1 z  ,*ri/ ha? told u1 l se$ ca/  
into ! e>?1 :i* gr[e? up  by degrees we 
"k n h[1 p4 #dcc1 #dcd4 ,j]om's case is 
_m  ano!r's3 ,concivit odia p]ditorum3  
od]unt eum hretici1 quia eos  impugn>e  
non des9it3 od]unt cl]ici1 quia vitam   
eorum insectatur et  crim9a4 ,s$ plane  
eum boni omnes admirantur et diligunt4  
,po/humianus  9 ,sulp4 ,sev]i ,dialog4  
#a4 ,& ,dial4 #b4 ,m>t9us 9 m$io ctu et 
conv]satione populorum1 int] cl]icos    
dissid5tes1 int] episcopos  svi5tes1 cum
 f]e quotidianis sc&alis h9c atque inde 
prem]etur1  inexpugnabili tam5 adv]sus  
omnia virtute fundatus /etit4--,nec tam5
  huic crim9i miscebo popul>es1 soli    
illum cl]ici1 soli nesciunt  sac]dotes1 
nec imm]ito3 nosse illum invidi         
nolu]unt3 quia si  virtutes illius      
noss5t1 suorum vitia cognoviss5t4       
#aff ,h[ ! ,jesuits h h]eby di/ract$ !  

*ur*1 read ,m>iana1  et ,ar*iepisc4     
,prag5sis ,c5sur4 de ,bull4 ,jesuit4 et 
,dan4 ,hospital4 ad  ,reges1 c4 ,aug4   
,ard+helli ,p>adoxa ,jesuitica4         
,gal9dus1 ,giraldus1  c4 ,arcana        
,jesuit4    #afg ,t ,god above t kn[e? !
 he>t1 do? disc]n t frail  m5 9 "s ( _! 
contradictions int5d ! same ?+1 &       
accepte? bo?4 ,l4 ,v]ul4 ,essay iii4 p4 
#ae4    #afh ,sai? ,clean!s 79 ,la]t47  
,! ,p]ipateticks are l lett]s  t s\nd   
well1 b he> n !mselves4    #afi ,yet ,i 
excuse n impiety or insuffici5cy 9      
m9i/]s4 ,x 0  "o ( ,solon's laws1 ,qui  
nequitia ac flagitiis insignis e/1      
tribunali1 publicisque sugge/is arc5dus 
e/4 ,& ,gildas sai? to !  ungodly pa/ors
 ( ,brita91 ,app>et ergo eum qui vos    
sac]dotes sci5s  ex corde dicit1 non    
esse eximium *ri/ianum4--,quomodo vos   
aliquid  solvetis1 ut sit solutum 9     
clis1 a clo ob scel]a adempti8 et       
immanium peccatorum funibus comp$iti8   
,qua ratione aliquid 9 t]ra  ligabitis1 
quod supra mundum etiam ligetur1 propt] 

vosmet ipsos qui  ita ligati            
iniquitatibus 9 hoc mundo t5em9i1 ut 9  
clos nunquam  asc5datis1 s$ 9 infau/a   
t>t>i erga/ula1 non conv]si 9 hac  vita 
ad dom9um1 decidatis1 ,fol4 ult4 ,o     
inimici ,dei1 et non  sac]dotes6 ,o     
licitatores malorum1 et non pontifices6 
,traditores1 et  non sanctorum          
apo/olorum successores2 impugnatores1 et
 non ,*ri/i  m9i/ri4--p4 #ega4 ,impres4 
,basil4    #agj ,pii hom9is e/ fac]e    
quod pote/1 etiamsi non faciat hoc quod 
e/ eligibilius4 ,bu*oltz4    #aga ,pr9ce
 ,fr$]ick ( ,monpelg>d be+ in/ruct$ into
 a di/a/e  ( ! re=m$ prote/ants1 :5 he  
_h be5 at ,g5eva & ,helvetia1  0 wont to
 say1 ,g5ev et 9 ,helvetia vidi multa de
 quibus nihil1  pauca eorum de quibus   
spe audivi3 ut ,tossanus ad ,pezelium   
ref]5te  ,sculteto 9 ,curric4 p4 #bf4   
#agb ,s9ce ! writ+ ( ?is1 ,i h publi%$ a
 book call$ ,!  cure ( ,*ur* ,divisions1
 & a ,def5ce ( x3 :i* h&le ^!  ?+s m    
fully4    #agc ,b$a ,hi/4 ,eccles4 lib4 
i4 c4 #bf4 ,didic]at enim 7,rex         

,edilbur?7  et a doctoribus1            
auctoribusque su salutis1 s]vitium1     
,*ri/i  volunt>ium1 non coactitium deb]e
 esse4          ,,*apt] ,,ix4    ,,h[   
,,to ,,behave ,,ourselves ,,9 ,,!       
,,public ,,assemblies1 ,,& ,,! ,,wor%ip 
,,!re ,,p]=m$1 ,,& ,,aft] ,,!m4      ,i 
h purposely giv5 su* p>ticul> directions
 9 "p ii4 on ?is  subject1 & writt5 s _m
 books ab\t x1#agd & said s mu*  also 9 
! ,cases ( ,consci5ce1 t ,i %all "h only
 ca/ 9 a few  common directions1 le/ !  
read] ?9k ,i make a balk4    ,direct4   
,i4 ,let y\r prep>ations 9 secret & 9   
y\r family on !  beg9n+ ( ! ,"l's days1 
be su* z conduce to fit y = !  public   
wor%ip4#age ,run n to *ur* z ungodly p  
d1 ) a  c>nal he>t1 t nev] s\ght ,god   
be=e y w5t1 nor consid]$  :at y g ab\t2 
z if all y\r religion 7 to make up !    
numb]  ( ! auditors2 & y ?\ght ,god mu/ 
n be wor%ipp$ & obey$  at home1 b only 9
 ! *ur*4 ,god may 9 m]cy meet ) an      
unprep>$ he>t1 & op5 8 eyes & he>t1 &   
save him2 b he  ha? made no promise ( x 

to any su*4 ,he t goe? to wor%ip t  ,god
 at *ur*1 :om he =gette? & despise? 9 8 
he>t &  h\se1 may expect to be despis$  
by him4 ,o consid] :at x is = a  s9n] t 
mu/ %ortly die1 to g ) ! s]vants ( ,god 
to  wor%ip him2 to pray = 8 salvation1 &
 to he> :at ,god ha? to  say to him by 8
 m9i/]1 = ! life ( 8 immortal s\l6      
,direct4 ,,ii4 ,ent] n into ! holy      
assembly ei!r sup]/iti\sly  or          
unrev]5tly4 ,n z if ! b5d+ ( ! knee1 &  
mumbl+ ov]  a few words ) a c>eless1    
ignorant m9d1 & sp5d+ an h\r !re  z     
c>elessly1 w\ld save y\r s\ls3 nor yet z
 if ! relation :i*  ! wor%ip1 !         
wor%ipp]s1 & ! d$icat$ place h unto     
,god1  des]v$ n a special hon\r & reg>d4
 ,?\gh ,god be ev] ) u1  e :]e2 yet e   
"t1 & place1 & p]son1 & bus9ess is  n   
equally relat$ to ,god4 ,& hol9ess is no
 unfit attribution1 =  t company or t   
place1 :i* is relat$ to ,god1 ?\gh b by 
!  lawful sep>ation & d$ication ( man4  
,to be uncov]$ 9 ^?  c\ntries :]e       
uncov]+ signifie? rev]5ce1 is v well    

becom+  a rev]5t s\l2 except :5 ! dang] 
( cold =bids x4 ,x is an  unhappy effect
 ( our cont5tions1 t _m t seem mo/      
rev]5t  & holy1 9 _! high reg>d ( holy  
?+s1 d yet c>ry !mselves  ) m unrev]5t  
deportm5t1 ?an ^? t !mselves acc\nt     
pr(ane4 ,god is ! ,god ( s\l & body1 &  
mu/ be wor%ipp$ by  bo?2 & :ile !y are  
unit$1 ! actions ( "o are helpful to !  
o!r1 z well z due & dec5t4    ,direct4  
,,iii4 ,if y c1 come at ! beg9n+1 t y   
may %[  y\r att5dance ^u ,god1 & y\r    
e/eem ( all 8 wor%ip4  ,especially 9 our
 assemblies1 :]e s great a "p ( ! duty1 
7z  confession1 praises1 read+ !        
,scriptures17 are all at !  beg9n+4 ,& x
 is meet t y !reby %[ t y pref] public  
wor%ip be=e private1 & t ne$less        
bus9esses keep y n  away4    ,direct4   
,,iv4 ,if y are free1 & c d x lawfully1 
*oose ! mo/  able1 holy tea*] t y c h1 &
 be n indiff]5t :om y  he>4 ,= oh h[    
great is ! diff]5ce2 & h[ bad are our   
he>ts2  & h[ great our necessity ( !    
cle>e/ doctr9e1 & !  livelie/ helps6    

,nor be y indiff]5t :at mann] ( p y jo9 
)1 nor :at mann] ( wor%ip is !re p]=m$2 
b 9 all *oose  ! be/ :5 y are free4 ,b  
:]e y are n free1 or c h no  bett]1     
refuse n to make use ( weak] tea*]s1 or 
to communicate  ) faulty congregations 9
 a defective1 faulty mann] ( wor%ip1    
sobeit y are n compell$ to s94 ,& ?9k n 
t all ! faults  ( ! pray]s1 or          
communicants1 are imput$ to all t jo9 ) 
!m 9 t wor%ip4 ,= !n we %\ld jo9 ) none 
9 all !  _w4    ,direct4 ,v4 ,:5 ! m9i/]
 is weak1 be ! m wat*ful aga9/          
prejudice & sluggi%ness ( he>t1 le/ y   
lose all4 ,m>k t ^w  ( ,god :i* he      
reade? to y1 & rev]5ce1 & love1 & lay up
  t4 ,x 0 ! law1 read & m$itat$ on1 :i* 
,david sai? !  godly d delight 94#agf ,!
 sacr$ ,scriptures are n s obscure &    
useless z ! papi/s d pret5d1 b conv]t ! 
s\l1 & are able  to make u wise unto    
salvation4 ,*ri/ w5t ord9>ily to !      
synagogues1 :]e ev5 bad m5 did read     
,moses & ! prophets e  sabba? day4 ,!re 
are ?\s&s t _c read !mselves1 :o mu/    

come to ! assembly to he> t ^w read1 :i*
 !y _c read or  he> at home4 ,e s5t5ce (
 ,scripture ha? a div9e excell5cy1  &   
!re=e _h we no?+ b ! read+ ( x1 & t by a
 bad  man1 a holy s\l may pr(it by x4   
,direct4 ,,vi4 ,m9d n s mu* ! case (    
o!rs pres5t z  y\rselves2 & ?9k n s mu* 
h[ bad su* & su* a "o is1 &  unwor?y to 
be !re1 z h[ bad y are y\rselves1 &     
unwor?y (  communion ) ! p ( ! ,"l1 &   
:at a m]cy x is t y  h admittance1 & are
 n ca/ out f ^? holy opportunities4     
,direct4 ,,vii4 ,take he$ ( a peevi%1   
qu>relsome hum\r1 t  dispose? y to c>p  
at all t is said & done1 & to f9d fault 
) e mode & circum/ance1 & to affect a   
causeless  s+ul>ity1 z ?9k+ t y\r own   
ways1 & words1 & ord]s1  are f> m       
excell5t ?an o!r m5's3 ?9k ill ( no?+   
out ( a  qu>relsome disposition1 b only 
z evid5ce con/ra9e? y to  diss5t4 ,& !n 
rememb] t we are all imp]fect1 & faulty 
m5  mu/ ne$s p]=m a faulty wor%ip1 if   
any1 = x _c be bett]  ?an ! ag5t4       
,direct4 ,,viii4 ,:5 y meet ) a ^w 9 a  

s]mon or pray]1 :i*  y d n l1 let x n   
/op y1 & h9d] y\r f]v5t &  peaceable    
proce$+ 9 ! re/2 z if y mu/ n jo9 9 t   
:i* is good1 if !re be any faulty       
mixture 9 x4 ,b g on 9 t  :i* y approve1
 & ?ank ,god t p>done? ! infirmities (  
o!rs z well z y\r own4    ,direct4 ,,ix4
 ,con=m y\rselves to all ! lawful       
ge/ures &  cu/oms ( ! *ur* ) :i* y jo94 
,y come n hi!r pr\dly  to %[ !          
congregation1 t y are wis] 9 !          
circum/ances (  wor%ip ?an !y1 nor      
ne$lessly to diff] f !m1 mu* less to    
h>d5 m5 into a scorn ( /rictness1 by    
see+ y place religion 9  s+ul>ities 9   
lawful & indiff]5t ?+s4 ,b y come to    
ex]cise love1 peace1 & concord1 & ) "o  
m9d & m\? to  glorify ,god4 ,/& :5 !    
*ur* /&e?2 sit :5 ! *ur*  sitte?2 kneel 
:5 ! *ur* kneele?1 9 cases :]e ,god do? 
n  =bid x4    ,direct4 ,x4 ,take he$ ( a
 cu/om>y1 =mal1 s5seless he>t1 t        
tol]ate? itself f day to day1 to d holy 
?+s 9 a common  mann]1 & ) a common1    
dull1 & c>eless m9d3 = t is to  pr(ane  

!m4 ,call 9 y\r ?\ghts :5 !y attempt to 
w&]2 /ir  up y\r he>ts :5 y feel !m     
dull4 ,rememb] :at y are ab\t1  & ) :om 
x is t y h to d1 & t y tread on !  du/ (
 !m :o _h su* opportunities be=e y :i*  
are n[ all  gone1 & s w y\rs4 ,y he> &  
pray = m ?an y\r lives2  !re=e d x n z 9
 je/ or z asleep4    ,direct4 ,,xi4 ,d  
all 9 fai? & hope4 ,believe :at y may   
get (  ,god 9 pray]1 & by an ob$i5t he>+
 ( 8 ^w4 ,w\ld y n  g *e]fully to ! k+1 
if he _h promis$ y to grant :atev]  y   
ask8 ,ha? n ,god promis$ y m ?an k+s c  
give y8 ,oh x  is an unbeliev+ & a      
despair+ he>t1 t turne? all into dead   
=mality6 ,did y b hope t ,god w\ld d all
 t = y :i*  he ha? told y he w d1 & t y 
might get m by pray]  ?an by y\r trades1
 or projects1 or all y\r fri5ds1 y w\ld 
g to  ,god ) m e>ne/ness & m delight4   
,direct4 ,,xii4 ,apply all ! ^w ( ,god  
to y\rselves accord+ to  its usefulness4
 ,ask z y g1 ,h[ do? ?is conc]n me8 ?is 
repro(1 ?is m>k1 ?is c\nsel1 ?is com=t1 
?is exhortation1 ?is  direction8        

,rememb] z mu* z y c1 b especially ! mo/
  practical1 useful p>ts4 ,get x home s 
deep ^u y\r he>ts1 t x  may n easily    
slide away4 ,root x by close application
 z y g1  t affection may con/ra9 y to   
rememb] x4    ,direct4 ,,xiii4 ,above   
all1 resolve to obey :at ,god %all make 
kn[n  to be 8 w2 take he$ le/ any wilful
 s9 %\ld escape ! p[]  ( ! ^w2 & %\ld   
ord9>ily g away ) y z x came4  ,c>eless 
he>+ & c>eless liv+ t5d mo/ dang]\sly to
 a  h>d5$ he>t & a =sak5 /ate4 ,if y    
reg>d iniquity 9 y\r  he>t1 ,god w n he>
 y\r pray]s4 ,! sacrifice ( ! wick$ is  
abom9able to him4 ,! fooli% %all n /& 9 
8 sight1 he hate?  all ! work]s (       
iniquity4#agg ,he t turne? away 8 e> f  
he>+ 7t is1 obey+7 ! law1 ev5 8 pray] is
 abom9able4 ,to  ! wick$ sai? ,god1 ,:at
 ha/ ?\ to d to take my cov5ant into  ?y
 m\?1 see+ ?\ hate/ in/ruction1 & ha/   
ca/ my words  beh9d !e8 ,ob$i5ce is     
bett] ?an sacrifice4 ,he t name? !  "n (
 ,*ri/ mu/ dep>t f iniquity1 or else    
,god w n f9d  8 m>k ^u him1 nor take him

 to be "o ( 84 ,*ri/'s %eep "k  8 voice 
& foll[ him1 & to !m he w give et]nal   
life4 ,b  if y _h prea*$ or done        
miracles 9 8 "n1 he w say to y1  ,dep>t 
f me1 ,i "k y n1 if ye be work]s (      
iniquity4 ,look  !re=e to y\r foot 7to  
y\r he>t & life7 :5 y g to !  h\se (    
,god1 & be m ready to he> 78 law t mu/  
gov]n y1  t y may "k 8 w & d x7 ?an to  
(f] ! sacrifice (  fools1 7t is1        
disob$i5t s9n]s17 t ?9k by sacrifices & 
outside wor%ip to get p>don = an unholy 
life1 & to reconcile ,god  to !m 9 _!   
s9s1 n kn[+ t ?us !y add s9 to s94#agh  
,if y seek ,god daily1 & delight to "k 8
 ways1 z a nation t  did righte\sness & 
=sook n ! ord9ance ( _! ,god2 if y  ask 
( him ! ord9ances ( ju/ice1 7s\nd       
doctr9e1 regul>  wor%ip1 /rict          
discipl9e17 & take delight 9 approa*+ to
 ,god2  if y humble y\r s\ls ) frequ5t  
fa/s2 & yet live 9 a c\rse  ( wilful    
disob$i5ce1 y lab\r 9 va91 & aggravate  
y\r s9s1  & prea*]s _h ne$ to lift up _!
 voices & be l\d] trumpets  to tell y ( 

y\r s9s1 ?an to o!r m54#agi ,b if ye w  
wa%  y1 & make y clean1 & put away !    
evil ( y\r do+s1 cease  to d evil1 le>n 
to d well1 seek judgm5t1 relieve !      
oppress$1  c42 y may !n come ) boldness 
& confid5ce unto ,god4  ,o!rwise to :at 
purpose is ! multitude ( y\r sacrifices8
 y\r  oblations w be va91 & y\r inc5se  
abom9able4 ,if ye be will+  & ob$i5t1 y 
%all be bless$2 b if ye refuse & rebel y
  %all be de/roy$1 = ! m\? ( ! ,"l ha?  
spok5 x4#ahj ,if  y d well %all y n be  
accept$8 b if ye d evil1 s9 lie? at  !  
door4 ,let y\r pr(ession be nev] s      
great1 & y\r p>ts &  expressions nev] s 
s]aphical1 s9 is a reproa* to any p2 &  
if y w\ld hide y\rselves f ju/ice 9 !   
pure/ *ur*1 among  ! holie/ p1 & ! mo/  
num]\s & longe/ pray]s1 be sure  t y\r  
s9 w f9d y out4#aha ,y\r secret lu/1 y\r
 covet\s  ov]-rea*+1 y\r secret gluttony
 or tippl+1 mu* m y\r  crimson s9s1 w   
surely f9d y out4#ahb    ,alas6 :at !n w
 ^? miscreants d1 ^: s9s are sc>let1    
bloody p]secutions1 "u pret5ce ( promot+

 unity1 & ob$i5ce1  & ! ca?olic *ur*1   
:ile ! cloak or cov] ( x is b !  ?91    
transp>5t spid]-web ( human traditions1 
& num]\s  c]emonies1 & *ildi% complim5t+
 ) ,god2 & :5 !y h  no?+ b ! pray]s ( a 
long liturgy1 to cov] ! effects (  _!   
e>?ly1 s5sual1 & diabolical zeal &      
wisdom1 7z ,/4 ,james  calls x1 *ap4    
iii4 #ae1 #af17 & to concoct ! wid[s'   
h\ses :i*  !y dev\r1 & to put a rev]5ce 
^u ! (fice & "w1 :i*  !y lab\r all !    
week to r5d] reproa*ful1 by a s5sual1   
luxuri\s1 idle life1 & by p]fidi\s mak+ 
m]*&ise (  s\ls4#ahc    ,z ev] y c>e :at
 become? ( y\r s\ls1 take he$ le/ s9 gr[
  bold "u pray]s1 & gr[ famili> &       
contemptu\s ( s]mons &  holy spee*es1 & 
le/ y keep a cu/om ( religi\s ex]cises &
  wilful s9s4 ,= oh1 h[ do? ?is h>d5 n[1
 & w\nd h]eaft]6 ,he  is ! be/ he>]1 t  
is ! holie/ liv]1 & fai?fulle/  obey]4  
,direct4 ,,xiv4 ,be n a b>e he>] ( !    
pray]s ( ! pa/or1  :e!r x be by liturgy 
or )\t4 ,= t is b hypocrisy1 & a  s9 (  
omission2 y come n ?i!r only to he>     

pray]s1 b to  pray2 & kneel+ is n pray+2
 b x is a pr(ession t y  pray4 ,& w y be
 pray]less ev5 9 ! h\se ( pray]1 & :5  y
 pr(ess & seem to pray1 & s add         
hypocrisy to impiety8 ,i fe>  _m t seem 
religi\s1 & w\ld h ^? kept f ! sacram5t 
t pray n 9 _! families1 d v ord9>ily    
tol]ate  !mselves 9 ?is gross omission1 
& mock+ ( ,god1 & are  pray]less        
!mselves ev5 :5 !y seem to pray4        
,direct4 ,,xv4 ,/ir up y\r he>ts 9 an   
especial mann] to !  greate/ alacrity & 
joy1 9 speak+ & s++ ! praises ( ,god4   
,! ,"l's day is a day ( joy & ?anksgiv+1
 & ! praises (  ,god are ! highe/ &     
holie/ employm5t ^u e>?4 ,& if ev] y    
%\ld d any ?+ ) all y\r might1 & ) a    
joyful &  triumph+ frame ( s\l1 x is    
?is4 ,be glad t y may jo9 )  ! sacr$    
assemblies1 9 he>t & voice1 9 s heav5ly 
a "w4 ,&  d n z "s hum\rsome1 peevi%    
p]sons 7t "k n ! dang]  ( t pr\d        
disease7 fall to qu>rell+ ) ,david's    
,psalms1 z  unsuitable to "s ( ! he>]s1 
or to nauseate e fail+ 9 !  metre1 s z  

to turn s holy a duty into neglect or   
scorn2 7= alas6  su* !re are ne> me :]e 
,i dwell27 nor let prejudice aga9/      
melody1 or *ur* music 7if y dwell :]e x 
is us$7 possess y  ) a spl5etic disgu/ (
 t :i* %\ld be y\r mo/ joyful  "w4 ,& if
 y "k h[ mu* ! incorporate s\l mu/ make 
use (  ! body 9 h>mony1 & 9 ! joyful    
praises ( ,jehovah1 d n !n  qu>rel )    
lawful helps1 because !y are s5sible &  
corporeal4    ,direct4 ,,xvi4 ,be v     
consid]ate & s]i\s 9 sacram5tal  r5ew+s 
( y\r cov5ant ) ,god4#ahd ,o ?9k :at    
great ?+s  y come ?i!r to receive6 ,&   
?9k :at a holy "w y h to  d6 ,& ?9k :at 
a life x is t y mu/ promise6 ,s solemn a
  cov5ant+ ) ,god1 & ( s great          
importance1 require? a mo/  holy1       
rev]5t1 & s]i\s frame ( s\l4 ,b yet let 
n !  unw>rantable diff]5c+ ?is ord9ance 
f ,god's praises & !  re/1 s$uce y into 
! common errors ( ! times3 ,i mean1 #a4 
,(  ^? t h5ce are br\ght to ?9k t !     
sacram5t %\ld nev]  be receiv$ )\t a    
prep>atory day ( humiliation1 above !   

prep>ation = an ord9>y ,"l's day's "w4  
#b4 ,& !re=e  receive x seldom2 :]eas ! 
primitive *ur*es nev] sp5t a ,"l's  day 
toge!r )\t x4 #c4 ,^? t turn x into a   
p]plex+1  t]rify+ ?+1 = fe> ( be+       
unprep>$1 :5 x %\ld be  _! greate/      
com=t1 & :5 !y are n s p]plex$ ab\t _!  
unprep>$ness to any o!r duty4 #d4 ,^? t 
make s great a  diff]5ce betwixt ?is &  
*ur* pray]s1 praises1 & o!r *ur*        
wor%ip1 z t !y take ?is sacram5t only = 
! prop] "w &  privilege ( *ur* memb]s2 &
 !reupon turn x into an occasion (  our 
great cont5tions & divisions1 :ile !y   
fly f sacram5tal  communion ) o!rs1 m   
?an f communion 9 ! o!r *ur*  wor%ip4   
,oh :at ha? our subtle enemy done aga9/ 
! love1 peace1  & unity ( *ri/ians1     
especially 9 ,engl&1 "u pret5ce (       
sacram5tal purity6    ,direct4 ,,xvii4  
,p]=m all y\r wor%ip to ,god1 z 9       
he>t-communion  ) all ,*ri/'s *ur*es ^u 
e>?2 ev5 ^? t are faulty1  ?\gh n ) _!  
faults4 ,?\gh y c be pres5t b ) "o1  yet
 cons5t z pres5t 9 _s ) all1 & sep>ate n

 9 he>t  f any "o1 any fur!r ?an !y     
sep>ate f ,*ri/4    ,direct4 ,,xviii4   
,accord+ly let ! int]e/ ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/
  be v mu* ^u y\r he>t1 & pray z h>d = x
 z = y\rself4    ,direct4 ,,xix4 ,yea1  
rememb] 9 all1 :at relation y h to !    
heav5ly society & *oir1 & ?9k h[ !y     
wor%ip ,god 9 heav51  t y may /rive to  
imitate !m 9 y\r degree4 ,( :i* m  anon4
    ,direct4 ,,xx4 ,let y\r :ole c\rse (
 life aft]1 sav\r ( a *ur*  frame2 live 
z ! s]vants ( t ,god :om y wor%ip1 & z  
ev]  be=e him4 ,live 9 ! love ( ^?      
*ri/ians ) :om y h  communion1 & d n    
qu>rel ) !m at home2 nor despise1 nor   
p]secute !m ) :om y jo9 9 ! wor%ipp+ (  
,god4 ,& d  n ne$lessly op5 ! weaknesses
 ( ! m9i/] to prejudice o!rs  aga9/ him 
& ! wor%ip4 ,& be n religi\s at ! *ur*  
alone1  = !n y are n truly religi\s at  
all4    #agd ,see my ,treatise ( ! ,"l's
 ,day1 & my ,cure ( ,*ur*  ,divisions4  
#age ,eccl4 v4 #a-d2 #a ,pet4 ii4 #a1   
#b2 ,prov4 i4 #bj1 to ! end4    #agf    
,psal4 i4 #b1 #c2 xii4 #f1 #g2 xix4     

#g-i4    #agg ,acts x4 #cc2 #a ,sam4    
iii4 #i1 #aj2 ,prov4 viii4 #cd2 ,ezek4  
xxxiii4 #d2  ,psal4 lxvi4 #ah2 v4 #e4   
#agh ,dan4 iv4 #bg2 ,prov4 x4 #bi2      
xxviii4 #i2 ,psal4 l4 #af-ah2 cxxv4 #e2 
#a  ,sam4 xv4 #bb2 #b ,tim4 ii4 #ai2    
,matt4 vii4 #bc2 ,luke xiii4 #bg2 ,john 
x4 #c1  #d1 #bg2 ,eccles4 v4 #a-d4      
#agi ,isa4 lviii4 #a-c4    #ahj ,isa4 i4
 #aj-bj4    #aha ,g54 iv4 #g2 ,prov4    
xiv4 #cd2 ,numb4 xxxii4 #bc4    #ahb    
,james i4 #bb2 ,rom4 ii4 #ac4    #ahc   
,ezek4 vii4 #ai2 ,j]4 vii4 #bc2 xi4 #d1 
#g2 xxvi4 #ac2 ,matt4 xxiii4  #ad2 ,m>k 
xii4 #dj2 ,exod4 vi4 #cj2 ,deut4 vii4   
#ab2 xi4 #ac2 xiii4 #ah2 xv4  #e2 xxvi4 
#ag2 xxviii4 #a2 ,psal4 lxxi4 #h-ab4    
#ahd ,see ,mr4 ,rawlet's ,book (        
,sacram5tal ,cov5ant+4          ,,*apt] 
,x4    ,,directions ,,ab\t ,,our        
,,communion ,,) ,,holy ,,s\ls ,,dep>t$1 
,,& ,,n[ ,,)  ,,*ri/4      ,! ov]sight &
 neglect ( our duty conc]n+ ! s\ls ( !  
bless$1 n[ ) ,*ri/1 do? mu* h>d5 !      
papi/s 9 _!  errone\s excesses "h       

ab\t4#ahe ,& if we w ev] r$uce !m1  or  
rightly confute !m1 x mu/ be by a       
judici\s ass]t+ ( !  tru?1 & obs]v+ s   
mu* ) !m z is our duty1 & comm5d+  t 9  
!m :i* is to be comm5d$1 & n by runn+   
away f  tru? & duty t we may get f>     
en\gh f !m & error3 =  error is an ill  
way ( confut+ error4 ,! practical tru?  
lie? 9  ^! foll[+ precepts4    ,direct4 
,i4 ,rememb] t ! dep>t$ s\ls 9 heav5 are
 "p1 &  ! noble/ "p1 ( ! body ( ,*ri/ & 
family ( ,god1 ( :i*  y are inf]ior     
memb]s2 & !re=e t y owe !m great]  love 
& hon\r1 ?an y owe to any sa9ts on e>?4 
,! :ole  family 9 heav5 & e>? is nam$ ( 
,*ri/1 ,ephes4 iii4 #ae4 ,^?  are !     
happie/ & noble/ p>ts1 t are mo/ pure & 
p]fect1  & dwell 9 ! highe/ & mo/       
glori\s habitations1 ne>e/ unto  ,*ri/1 
yea1 ) him4 ,if hol9ess be lovely1 ! mo/
 holy are !  mo/ lovely2 we h _m        
obligations !re=e1 to love !m m  ?an !  
sa9ts on e>?3 !y are m excell5t &       
amiable1 &  ,*ri/ love? !m m4 ,& if any 
be hon\rable1 x mu/ especially  be ^?   

spirits t are ( greate/ excell5cies &   
p]fections1  & advanc$ to ! greate/     
glory & ne>ness to _! ,"l4 ,make        
consci5ce !re=e ( ?is z y\r duty1 n only
 to love & hon\r  bless$ s\ls1 b to love
 & hon\r !m m ?an ^? t are  yet on e>?4 
,& z e duty is att5d$ ) b5efit1 s we    
%all  f9d ?is exce$+ b5efit 9 ! p]=mance
 ( ?is duty1 t x  w incl9e our he>ts to 
be ! m heav5ly1 & draw up our  desires  
to ! society :i* we s mu* love & hon\r4 
,direct4 ,,ii4 ,rememb] t x is a "p ( ! 
life ( fai?1 to see  by x ! heav5ly     
society ( ! bless$1 & a "p ( y\r heav5ly
  conv]sation1 to h frequ5t1 s]i\s1 &   
delightful ?\ghts (  ^? cr[n$ s\ls t are
 ) ,*ri/4#ahf ,o!rwise ,god w\ld  nev] h
 giv5 u su* descriptions ( ! heav5ly    
,j]usalem1 &  told u s mu* ( ! ho/s (   
,god t mu/ inhabit x = ev]2  t mu/ come 
f ! ea/ & f ! we/1 & sit d[n )          
,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob 9 ! k+dom (  
,god4 ,:5 x is said t  our conv]sation  
77 is 9 heav51 ,phil4 iii4 #bj1 !  mean+
 ext5de? bo? to our relation1           

privileges1 & conv]se3 we  are d5iz5s or
 citiz5s ( ! heav5ly society2 & our     
title to  _! happ9ess is our highe/     
privilege & hon\r2 & !re=e our  daily   
bus9ess is !re1 & our sweete/ & mo/     
s]i\s conv]se is  ) ,*ri/ & all ^?      
bless$ spirits4 ,:atev] we are do+ "h1  
our eye & he>t %\ld /ill be !re3 = we   
look n at !  temporal ?+s :i* are se51 b
 at ! et]nal ?+s :i* are  n se51 #b     
,cor4 iv4 #ah4 ,a wise *ri/ian t ha?    
=sak5 !  k+dom ( d>kness1 w be desir\s  
to "k :at ! k+dom ( ,*ri/  is into :i*  
he is translat$1 & :o are 8             
fell[-subjects1 &  :at are _! sev]al    
ranks & dignities1 s f> z t5de? to 8    
congru\s conv]se ) !m all4 ,& h[ %\ld x 
affect u to f9d  t we are come unto m\nt
 ,zion1 & unto ! city ( ! liv+  ,god1 ! 
heav5ly ,j]usalem1 & to an innum]able   
company ( angels1  to ! g5]al assembly &
 *ur* ( ! fir/born1 :i* are writt5  9   
heav51 & to ,god ! ,judge ( all1 & to ! 
spirits ( j m5  made p]fect1 & to ,jesus
 ! ,m$iator ( ! new cov5ant6 ,heb4  xii4

 #bb-bd4 ,live !n z ! memb]s ( ?is      
society1 & exclude n  ! *ief memb]s f   
y\r ?\ghts & conv]se3 ?\gh our local1   
visible communion be only ) ^! rural1   
inf]ior inhabitants1 &  n ) ! c\rti]s ( 
! ,k+ ( heav51 yet our m5tal communion  
may be mu* ) !m4 ,if our home & treasure
 be !re ) !m1  our he>ts w be !re also1 
,matt4 vi4 #ba4    ,direct4 ,,iii4 ,x is
 ! w ( ,god t ! memory ( ! sa9ts be     
hon\r$ on e>? :5 !y are dead4 ,x is "s  
"p ( 8 fav\r  :i* he ha? promis$ to !m4 
,prov4 x4 #g1 ,! memory ( ! j is        
bless$2 b ! "n ( ! wick$ %all rot4      
,matt4 xxvi4 #ac1  ,v]ily ,i say unto y1
 :]esoev] ?is gospel %all be prea*$ 9  !
 :ole _w1 !re %all also ?is t ?is woman 
ha? done1 be  told = a memorial ( h]4 ,!
 hi/ory ( ! ,scripture recorde?  ! lives
 ( ! sa9ts to _! p]petual hon\r4 ,& ,god
 w h  x s also = ! sake ( 8 abus$       
s]vants ^u e>?1 t !y  may see t ! sl&]s 
( malici\s tongues %all n be able to    
obscure ! glory ( 8 grace1 & t ! lies ( 
! ungodly  prevail b = a mom5t4 ,& ,god 

w h x s = ! sake ( !  ungodly1 t !y may 
be a%am$ ( _! malici\s enmity & lies    
aga9/ ! godly1 :ile !y p]ceive t !      
dep>t$ sa9ts d  leave beh9d !m a surviv+
 te/imony ( _! sanctity &  innoc5cy1    
suffici5t to conf\nd ! v5om\s calumnies 
( !  s]p5t's se$4 ,yea1 ,god w h ! names
 ( 8 em95t s]vants  to be hon\r$ ^u e>?1
 = ! hon\r ( _! ,head1 & ( 8  grace &   
gospel2 s t :ile malice w\ld ca/ di%on\r
 ^u  ,*ri/2 f ! meanness & fail+s ( 8   
s]vants t are alive1  ! memory ( ! dead 
7:o 7 once z mu* despis$ & sl&]$7  %all 
rise up aga9/ !m to 8 hon\r & _! %ame4  
,& x is  v obs]vable h[ ,god con/ra9e? !
 bitt] enemies ( hol9ess to  be> ?is    
te/imony = ! hon\r ( hol9ess aga9/      
!mselves6  t _m :o are ! cruele/        
p]secutors & murd]]s ( ! liv+  sa9ts1 d 
hon\r ! dead ev5 to excess4#ahg ,h[     
zeal\s are !  papi/s = ! multitude ( _! 
holidays1 & ! hon\r+ (  _! names &      
relics1 & pret5d+ _m miracles to be     
wr\ght by  a v t\* ( _! %r9es or bones1 
:il/ !y revile & murd]  ^? t imitate !m1

 & deprive temporal lords ( _! dom9ions 
t w n ext]m9ate !m4 ,yea1 :ile !y burn !
 liv+  sa9ts1 !y make x "p ( _! crime or
 h]esy1 t !y hon\r  n ! days & relics ( 
! dead1 s mu* z !y2 to %[ u t  ! ?+s t h
 be5 %all be1 & t wick$ness is ! same 9 
all g5]ations4 ,matt4 xxiii4 #bi-cc1    
,woe unto y1 scribes &  ,ph>isees1      
hypocrites6 because ye build ! tombs ( !
 prophets1 &  g>ni% ! sepul*res ( !     
righte\s1 & say1 ,if we _h be5 9  ! days
 ( our fa!rs1 we w\ld n h be5 p>tak]s ) 
!m 9  ! blood ( ! prophets4 ,:]e=e ye be
 witnesses unto y\rselves  t ye are !   
*ildr5 ( !m :i* kill$ ! prophets4 ,fill 
ye up  !n ! measure ( y\r fa!rs4 ,ye    
s]p5ts1 ye g5]ation (  vip]s1 h[ c ye   
escape ! damnation ( hell8 ,i "k t nei!r
  did ! ,ph>isees1 nor d ! papi/s1      
believe t ^? :om !y  murd]$ 7 sa9ts1 b  
deceiv]s & h]etics1 & ! tr\bl]s (  ! _w2
 b if *>ity be ! grace mo/ necess>y to  
salvation1  !n sure x w n keep any man f
 damnation1 t he _h malice  &           
un*>itabl5ess suffici5t to p]suade him1 

t ! memb]s (  ,*ri/ 7 *ildr5 ( ! devil4 
,b ?us ,god w =ce ev5 !  p]secutors &   
hat]s ( 8 sa9ts to hon\r !m4 ,& if he   
con/ra9 8 enemies to x1 8 s]vants %\ld n
 be backw>d to d  x accord+ to 8 w4     
,direct4 ,,iv4 ,only su* hon\r mu/ be   
giv5 to dep>t$ sa9ts1 z  subs]ve? !     
hon\r ( ,god2 & no?+ mu/ be ascrib$ to  
!m  t is 8 pr]ogative4 ,all t ( ,god :i*
 0 communicat$ to  !m & appe>$ 9 !m1 mu/
 be ackn[l$g$2 b s t ,god mu/  /ill be  
ackn[l$g$ ! spr+ ( all2 & no hon\r giv5 
ultimately to !m2 b x is ,god 9 !m t we 
mu/ behold &  love1 admire & hon\r4     
,direct4 ,v4 ,! hon\r ( ! sa9ts dep>t$  
mu/ be only su* z  t5de? to ! promot+ ( 
hol9ess among ! liv+4 ,x is a mo/       
horrid aggravation ( ^? m5's s9s1 :o    
make _! hon\r+ (  ! sa9ts dep>t$ a cov] 
= _! hat+ & p]secut+ _!  foll[]s2 or t  
make x an eng9e = ! c>ry+ on "s base    
design4 ,"s make x a device = ! advanc+ 
( _! p>ties &  peculi> op9ions4 ,!      
papi/s make x a v great means = !       
ma9ta9+ ! usurp$ p[] ( ! pope1 giv+ him 

! p[] (  canoniz+ sa9ts1 & assur+ ! _w  
:at s\ls are 9 heav54 ,a  pope t by !   
te/imony ( a g5]al c\ncil 7z ,joh4 #bc4 
,eug5ius1  c47 is a h]etic1 & a wick$   
wret*1 & nev] l to come to  heav5       
himself1 c assure ! _w ( a v l>ge       
catalogue (  p]sons t are !re4 ,& he t  
by ! papi/s is confess$  fallible 9     
matt]s ( fact1 pret5de? to "k s c]ta9ly 
:o 7  sa9ts1 z to appo9t !m holidays1 & 
comm& ! *ur* to pray to  !m4 ,& he t    
tea*e? m5 t !y _c be c]ta9 !mselves  (  
_! salvation1 pret5de? :5 !y are dead t 
he is c]ta9  t !y are sav$4 ,to pret5d !
 v5]ation ( sa9ts = su*  c>nal1 ambiti\s
 designs1 & *eats1 & cruelties1 is a s9 
unfit  = any t m5tione? a sa9t4 ,s is x 
:5 m5 pret5d t sa9ts  are "s r>e1       
extraord9>y p]sons among ! liv+ memb]s (
 !  *ur*2#ahh to make m5 believe t      
hon\r+ !m w s]ve  in/ead ( imitat+ !m2 &
 t all are n sa9ts t g to  heav54 ,god  
=bid1 say !y1 t none b holy p]sons %\ld 
be  sav$2 we confess x is good to be    
sa9ts1 & !y are ! *ief 9  heav52 b we   

hope ^? t are no sa9ts may be sav$ = all
  t4 ,b ,god sai?1 t )\t hol9ess none   
%all see him1 ,heb4  xii4 #ad4 ,heav5 is
 ! inh]itance ( none b sa9ts1 ,acts     
xxvi4 #ah2  ,col4 i4 #ab4 ,he t extolle?
 sa9ts to make m5 believe t ^?  t are no
 sa9ts may be sav$1 do? s]ve ! devil by 
hon\r+ !  sa9ts4 ,! same ,i may say ( ^?
 t give !m div9e hon\r1  ascrib+ to ea* 
a p[] to he> & help all ?r\gh\t ! _w  t 
put up pray]s to !m4    ,direct4 ,,vi4  
,look up to ! bless$ness ( dep>t$ s\ls1 
z memb]s  ( ! same body1 rejoic+ ) !m1 &
 prais+ ,god t ha? s  exalt$ !m4 ,?is is
 ! b5efit ( holy love & *ri/ian unity1  
t x make? our bre?r5's happ9ess to be   
unto u1 9 a mann]1 z  if x 7 our own4 #a
 ,cor4 xii4 #be1 #bf1 ,t !re %\ld be no 
s*ism 9 ! body1 b t ! memb]s %\ld h !   
same c>e "o  = ano!r--t if "o memb] be  
hon\r$ all ! memb]s rejoice  ) x4 ,s f> 
z selfi%ness is ov]come1 & turn$ into ! 
unit+ love ( sa9ts1 s f> are all ! joys 
( ! bless$ s\ls  9 heav5 become ! joys (
 all t truly love !m ^u e>?4 ,h[  happy 

!n is ! /ate ( all true believ]s1 t h s 
_m to  rejoice )6 ,d5y n ,god t ?anks = 
! sav+ ( s _m  s\ls1 :i* y w\ld n d5y   
him1 if he sav$ b y\r fri5ds1  e/ates1  
or lives4 ,especially :5 afflictions or 
temptations w\ld  deprive y ( ! joy :i* 
y %\ld h 9 ,god's m]cies to  y\rselves1 
!n com=t y\rselves ) ! remembrance ( y\r
  bre?r5's joy4 ,:at an incongru\s1     
indec5t ?+ is x = t man  to p9e away 9  
sorr[s ^u e>?1 :o ha? s _m ?\s& fri5ds  
9 heav51 9 joy & bless$ness1 ^: joys    
%\ld all be to him z  8 own4    ,direct4
 ,,vii4 ,:5 y feel a cool+ ( y\r love to
 ,god1 or ( y\r  zeal1 or rev]5ce1 or   
o!r graces1 ?9k !n ( ! temp] ( ^?  holy 
s\ls1 t see 8 glory6 ,o ?9k1 ) :at f]v\r
 d !y  love _! ,god6 ) :at transport+   
sweetness d !y delight 9  him6 ) :at    
rev]5ce d !y all behold him6 ,& am n ,i 
8  s]vant1 & a memb] ( 8 family1 z well 
z !y8 ,%all ,i be l  ! /rang]s ( ?is    
froz5 _w1 :5 ,i %\ld be l my            
fell[-citiz5s above8 ,z x w dispose a   
man to weep to see !  te>s & grief (    

o!rs2 & z x w dispose a man to mir? &   
joy to see ! mir? & joy ( o!rs2 s is x a
 pot5t help to  raise ! s\l to ! love ( 
,god1 & delight 9 8 s]vice1 to  ?9k     
believ+ly ( ! love & delight ( su* a _w 
( bless$  spirits4    ,direct4 ,,viii4  
,:5 y draw ne> to ,god 9 8 holy wor%ip1 
rememb] t y are "p ( ! same society ) ^?
 bless$  spirits t are prais+ him 9     
p]fection4 ,rememb] t y are  memb]s ( ! 
same *oir1 & y\r "p mu/ g to make up !  
melody2 & !re=e y %\ld be z little      
discordant f !m z  possibly y c4 ,!     
quality ( ^? t we jo9 ) 9 ,god's        
s]vice1 is apt ei!r to dull or quick5 u1
 to depress or elevate  u2 & we move    
heav5w>d mo/ easily & swiftly 9 t       
company  :i* is go+ ?i!r on ! swifte/   
pace4 ,a believ+ ?\ght t  we are        
wor%ipp+ ,god 9 conc]t ) ! heav5ly *oir1
 & ( !  high & holy raptures ( ^?       
spirits1 9 ! cont9ual praise (  _! great
 ,creator1 is an excell5t means to w>m &
 quick5 u1 &  raise u z ne> _! holy     
frame1 z "h on e>? may be expect$4      

,direct4 ,,ix4 ,:5 y w\ld possess y\r   
he>ts ) a lively s5se  ( ! odi\sness (  
s91 & w\ld resi/ all temptations :i*    
w\ld  draw y to x1 ?9k !n h[ ! bless$   
s\ls ) ,god d judge (  s91 & h[ !y w\ld 
ent]ta9 su* a temptation1 if ! motion  7
 made to !m6 ,:at ?9k !y ( covet\sness1 
pride1 or lu/8  ,:at ?9k !y ( malice1   
cruelty1 or ly+8 ,h[ w\ld !y ent]ta9  x1
 if l&s & lord%ips1 pleasure or         
pref]m5t1 7 (f]$ !m  to entice _! he>ts 
f ,god8 ,w\ld !y v5ture ^u damnation =  
a :ore1 or = _! games1 or to please _!  
appetites8 ,d !y set  z light by ,god & 
_! salvation z ! ungodly _w do?8 ,o )   
:at scorn & holy indignation w\ld !y    
refuse a _w1 if x 7  (f]$ !m in/ead (   
,god6 ) :at dete/ation w\ld !y reject  !
 motion to any s96    ,direct4 ,x4 ,:5 y
 w\ld revive 9 y\r m9ds a "r appreh5sion
  & e/imation ( all e>?ly ?+s1 z ri*es1 
& hon\rs1 &  greatness1 & comm&1 & full 
provisions = ! fle%1 be?9k y  !n h[ !   
bless$ s\ls ) ,*ri/ e/eem !m4 ,h[ little
 d !y  set by all ^? ?+s t worldl+s make

 s great a /ir =1 &  = :i* !y sell _!   
,god & _! salvation6 ,h[ contemptible   
are cr[ns & k+doms 9 _! eyes6 ,_!       
judgm5t is m l to  ,god's ?an ours is4  
,luke xvi4 #ae1 ,t :i* is highly e/eem$ 
among  m5 is abom9ation 9 ! sight (     
,god4 ,all ! _w w\ld n hire  a sa9t 9   
heav5 to tell "o lie1 or take ! "n (    
,god 9 va91 or  to =get ,god1 or be     
e/rang$ f him = "o h\r4    ,direct4     
,,xi4 ,:5 y see ! godly "u ! contempt ( 
s9n]s  "h1 acc\nt$ z ! fil? ( ! _w1 & ! 
(fsc\r+ ( all  ?+s1#ahi defam$1 revil$1 
hat$1 & p]secut$1 look up !n to  ! sa9ts
 ) ,*ri/1 & ?9k h[ !y are e/eem$ & us$4 
,&  :5 y w\ld truly "k :at a believ] is1
 ?9k n h[ !y are  e/eem$ & us$ by m51 b 
h[ !y are e/eem$ & us$ by  ,*ri/4 ,judge
 n ( !m by _! %ort afflictions1 nor by  
_!  meanness 9 ! fle%1 b by _! endless  
happ9ess & _! glory  above4 ,look up to 
! home & _w ( sa9ts1 if y w\ld "k :at   
sa9ts are1 & n to ! few1 scatt]$1       
imp]fect pass5g]s 9  ?is _w1 t are n    
wor?y ( !m1 ,heb4 xi4 #ch4    ,direct4  

,,xii4 ,:5 y are tempt$ to ?9k meanly ( 
! k+dom (  ,*ri/1 z if 8 flock 7 s      
small1 & poor1 & s9ful z to be          
inconsid]able1 look up to ! _w ( bless$ 
s\ls :i* dwell  above4 ,& !re y %all see
 no su* paucity1 or imp]fections1 or    
blemi%es1 z "h bel[4 ,! subjects !re are
 su* z di%on\r n  _! ,k+4 ,*ri/'s k+dom 
is n ( ?is _w1 ,john xviii4 #cf4 ,if  y 
w\ld "k x 9 its glory1 look up to ! _w  
:]e x is  glori\s4 ,if :5 y he> m5      
contemn ! k+dom ( ! sa9ts (  ,*ri/1 & at
 ! same "t did b see 7z ,/eph5 did7 a   
glimpse  into t k+dom1 & all ! glory ( !
 bless$ !re1 :at  ?\ghts w\ld y h ( !   
words :i* did di%on\r x8    ,direct4    
,,xiii4 ,:5 y he> s9n]s boa/ ( ! wisdom 
or numb]s  ( _! p>ty1 & appeal+ to !    
le>n$ or great ones ( !  _w1 look up to 
! bless$ s\ls ) ,*ri/1 & ask :e!r !y    
are n m wise & num]\s ?an all ! s9n]s ^u
 e>?4 ,!  greate/ doctors are ignorant &
 unle>n$ 9 comp>ison ( !  meane/ s\l )  
,*ri/3 ! greate/ mon>*s are b worms 9   
comp>ison ( ! glorifi$ spirits ) ,god4  

,if !y say to y1 ,are  y wis] ?an s _m &
 s wise & le>n$ m58 ask !m1 ,are y1  or 
all ! ungodly1 wis] ?an all ! bless$    
s\ls ) ,*ri/8 ,let  ! wis] p>ty c>ry x4 
,direct4 ,,xiv4 ,:5 y are tempt$ to be  
we>y ( a holy life1 or to  ?9k all y\r  
lab\r is va91 look up to ! bless$ s\ls )
  ,*ri/1 & !re y w see ! end ( hol9ess4 
,!re y w see  t ( all ! lab\r ( y\r     
lives1 !re is none t y are s  sure to   
ga9 by2 & t 9 due "t y %all reap1 if y  
fa9t  n3 & if y s[ to ! ,_s1 ( ! ,_s y  
%all reap  ev]la/+ life1 ,gal4 vi4 #h1  
#i2 & t :5 y h done !  w ( ,god1 if y h 
b pati5ce1 y %all inh]it !  promise1    
,heb4 x4 #cf4 ,ask y\rselves1 :e!r any (
 ^? bless$  s\ls rep5t n[ ( ! hol9ess ( 
_! lives on e>?8 or _!  mortify+ ! fle%1
 & d5y+ !mselves ! delights ( s98       
,direct4 ,,xv4 ,:5 y are tempt$ to turn 
back 9 ! day ( trial1  & to =sake ,*ri/ 
or 8 cause :5 p]secution arise?1 !n look
  to ! bless$ s\ls above1 & see :at is !
 end ( suff]+ =  ! sake ( ,*ri/ &       
righte\sness4 ,to =esee ! great rew>d 9 

heav51 w conv9ce y t in/ead ( be+       
t]rifi$ by  suff]+s1 y %\ld rejoice & be
 exce$+ glad1 ,matt4 v4 #aa1  #ab4 ,are 
y to lie 9 prison1 or to burn 9 !       
flames8 s did _m  ?\s&s t are n[ 9      
heav54 ,& d y ?9k t !y rep5t x  n[8     
,ignatius1 ,polyc>p1 ,cyprian1 & _m su* 
holy m51 7 once  us$ z h>dly z y are n[1
 & put to dea? by cruel m54 ,rog]s1     
,brad=d1 ,hoop]1 ,glov]1 & multitudes ) 
!m1 7 once 9  prison & burnt 9 ! flames2
 b :]e are !y n[1 & :at is  ! end ( all 
_! pa9s8 ,n[ :e!r d y ?9k ! case (      
,bonn] or ,brad=d to be be/8 ,n[ _h y r 
be ,g>d9] or  ,philpot8 ,n[ :i* ?9k y   
do? mo/ rep5t1 ! poor ,wald5ses t  7    
murd]$ by ?\s&s1 or ! popes & p]secutors
 t murd]$  !m8    ,direct4 ,,xvi4 ,:5 y 
are dismay$ "u ! burd5 ( y\r s9s1  !    
greatness ( y\r corruptions1 ! weakness 
( y\r graces1 !  imp]fection ( y\r      
duties1 look up to ! bless$ s\ls )      
,*ri/1  & rememb] t all ^? glorifi$     
spirits 7 once 9 fle% z  y n[ are1 &    
once !y lay at ! feet ( ,god1 9 te>s1 & 

groans1 & cries1 z y d3 !y 7 once fa9 to
 cry out ( !  burd5 ( _! s9s1 & m\rn "u 
! weakness ( _! graces1 z  y n[ d4 ,!y 7
 once z mu* clogg$ ) fle% z y are2 &    
once z l[ 9 d\bts & fe>s1 & bruis$ "u ! 
s5se ( ,god's  displeasure4 ,!y once 7 z
 viol5tly assault$ ) temptations1  & _h 
! same corruptions to lam5t & /rive     
aga9/ z y h4  ,!y 7 once z mu* afflict$ 
by ,god & man2 b is !re any (  ! sm>t ( 
?is rema9+8    ,direct4 ,,xvii4 ,:5 y   
are det]r$ f ! pres5ce ( !  dreadful    
,god1 & ?9k he w n accept su* worms z y1
 look up  to ! bless$ s\ls ) ,*ri/2 &   
rememb] h[ _m millions (  y\r bre?r5 are
 !re accept$ to great] famili>ity ?an t 
:i* y "h desire4 ,rememb] t ^? s\ls 7   
once z d>k &  di/ant f ,god1 & unwor?y (
 8 acceptance1 z y n[ are4 ,a  fe>ful   
*ild receive? boldness1 to see 8 bre?r5 
9 8 fa!r's  arms4    ,direct4 ,,xviii4  
,:5 y are afraid ( ,satan le/ he %\ld   
prevail  aga9/ y & dev\r y1 look up to !
 bless$ s\ls ) ,*ri/2  & see h[ _m      
millions are !re safely l&$1 t once 7 9 

z dang]\s a /ation z y are4 ,?r\gh _m   
tribulations &  temptations !y are      
arriv$ at ! heav5ly re/3 ,satan once did
 8  wor/ aga9/ !m3 !y 7 toss$ on ! seas 
( ?is tempe/u\s  _w2 b !y 7 kept by !   
p[] ( ,god1 ?r\gh fai? unto  salvation1 
& s may y4    ,direct4 ,,xix4 ,:5 y w\ld
 duly value all y\r pres5t means &      
m]cies1 & see :i!r !y t5d1 look up !n to
 ! s\ls )  ,*ri/1 & see :i!r ! l m]cy   
ha? conduct$ !m4 ,!  poore/ cottage & ! 
h>de/ f>e are great m]cies1 z !y t5d  to
 endless bless$ness4 ,?is n[ & heav5    
aft]1 is great1 ?\gh  ! ?+ 9 itself be  
nev] s small4 ,heav5 puts ! value &     
signification ^u all y\r m]cies4 ,!     
wick$ make ciph]s ( _!  greate/ bless+s1
 by sep>at+ !m 9 _! e/eem & use1 f  ,god
 & heav51 :i* is ! measure ( _! e/imate4
    ,direct4 ,,xx4 ,:5 y see divisions  
among believ]s1 & he> "o =  ?is p>ty1 & 
ano!r = t1 & he> !m bitt]ly c5sur+  ea* 
o!r1 look up !n to ! sa9ts ) ,*ri/1 &   
?9k :at  p]fect love1 & peace1 & concord
 is among !m4 ,consid] h[  unlike our   

factions & s*isms are to _! f]v5t love &
 unity2  & h[ unlike our j>r+ /rifes &  
qu>rels are to _!  h>moni\s praise (    
,god4 ,rememb] 9 :at "w x is t !y are s 
happily unit$1 ev5 love & praise        
incessant to ,jehovah3 & !n  ?9k1 :e!r x
 w\ld n unite ! sa9ts on e>?1 to lay by 
_!  cont5d+s = ! pre-em95ce 9 k1 7cov]$ 
) !  gild$ "n ( zeal = ! tru? ( ,god17 &
 to employ !mselves 9  love & praise1 & 
to %[ _! emulation "h1 9 /riv+ :o  %all 
love ,god & ea* o!r ) ! m pure he>t &   
f]v5t  love1 #a ,pet4 i4 #bb1 & :o %all 
praise him ) ! mo/ heav5ly  alacrity &  
delight4 ,consid] :e!r ?is "w ( bless$  
s\ls be  n l to be m desirable &        
excell5t1 ?an ! "w (  self-conceit$1    
wrangl+ sophi/]s4 ,& :e!r !re be any    
dang]  ( fall+ into sects & factions1 or
 fall+ out by emulations or  cont5tions1
 :ile we make ?is "w ( love & praise !  
matt] (  our religi\s conv]se4 ,&       
consid] :e!r almo/ all ! s*isms  t ev]  
vex$ ! *ur* ( ,god1 did n arise1 ei!r by
 !  pa/ors /riv+ :o %\ld be ! greate/1  

,luke xxii4 #bd1 #bf1 or  by ! ris+ up (
 "s scioli/ or gno/ic1 pr\dly pret5d+ to
  "k m ?an o!rs1 & to v9dicate or br+ to
 light "s  excell5t tru? :i* o!rs "k n1 
or oppose4 ,& :5 y see !  hot cont5d+s (
 ea* p>ty1 ab\t _! pret5d$ or?odoxness  
or  wisdom1 7:i* ,james iii4 is         
purposely writt5 aga9/17 rememb] h[  !  
concord ( ^? bless$ s\ls do? %ame ?is   
"w1 & %\ld  make x odi\s to ! heirs (   
heav54    ,direct4 ,,xxi4 ,:5 y are     
afraid ( dea?1 or w\ld f9d m  will+ness 
to die1 look up to ! bless$ s\ls )      
,*ri/1 &  ?9k t y are b to pass t way1  
:i* all ^? s\ls h  gone be=e y2 & to g f
 a _w ( enmity & vanity1 to !  company (
 all ^? bless$ spirits4 ,& is n _!      
bless$ /ate  m desirable ?an su* a va91 
vexati\s life z ?is8 ,!re is no  malice1
 nor sl&]+1 nor cruel p]secut+2 no      
un*>itable  c5sures1 cont5tions1 or     
divisions2 no ignorance1 nor unbelief1  
nor  /rang5ess unto ,god2 no?+ b holy1  
amiable1 & delightful4 ,jo9  y\rselves  
daily to t cele/ial society3 suppose    

y\rselves  spectators ( _! ord]1 purity1
 & glory1 & auditors ( _!  h>moni\s     
praises ( ,jehovah4 ,live by fai? 9 a   
daily famili>ity  ) !m3 say n t y want  
company or are alone1 :5 y may  walk 9 !
 /reets ( ! heav5ly ,j]usalem1 & !re    
conv]se )  ! prophets & apo/les1 & all !
 glori\s ho/s ( heav54  ,conv]se ?us )  
!m 9 y\r life1 & x w ov]come ! fe> (    
dea?1 & make y long to be !re ) !m3 l "o
 t /&s  by ! riv] side1 & see? 8 fri5ds 
on ! fur!r side1 9 a  place ( pleasure1 
:ile 8 enemies are pursu+ him at 8 back1
 h[  gladly w\ld he be ov] ) !m6 ,& x w 
imbold5 him to v5ture  on ! passage1 :i*
 all !y h safely pass$ be=e him4 ,?us   
dea? w be to u z ! ,r$ sea1 to pass u   
safe to ! l& (  promise1 :ile our       
pursu]s are !re ov]?r[n & p]i%4 ,we %\ld
  n be s /range to ! _w above1 if we ?us
 by fai? conv]s$  ) ! bless$ ones4      
,direct4 ,,xxii4 ,:5 y are ov]-mu*      
tr\bl$ = ! dea? ( y\r  godly fri5ds1    
look up to t _w ( bless$ s\ls1 to :i* !y
  are translat$1 & ?9k :e!r x be n bett]

 = !m to be  !re ?an "h2 & :e!r y are n 
b\nd by ! law ( love1 to  rejoice ) !m t
 are ?us exalt$4 ,_h we b a sight ( !   
_w t !y are 91 & ! company t !y are gone
 to1 we  %\ld be less displeas$ ) ! w ( 
,god1 9 dispos+ ( 8  own into s glori\s 
a /ate4    ,all ^! improvem5ts may be   
made by a believ]1 ( 8 daily  conv]se ) 
! s\ls above4 ,?is is ! communion ) !m  
:i*  we mu/ hold on e>?3 n by pray+ to  
!m1 :i* ,god ha? nev]  enc\rag$ u to d2 
nor by pray+ = !m 7= ?\gh x be lawful   
to pray = ! resurrection ( _! bodies1 & 
! p]fect+ (  _! bless$ness !reby1 yet x 
be+ a ?+ ( absolute c]ta9ty  z ! day (  
judgm5t is1 we mu/ be v cautel\s 9 !    
mann] (  our do+ ?is lawful act2 x be+ a
 ?+ t _! happ9ess do?  n at all dep5d   
on1 & a ?+ :i* w-wor%ipp]s h %[$        
!mselves s =w>d to abuse1 by /epp+ fur!r
 into t :i* is  unlawful2 z ! horrid    
abuses ( ! names1 & days1 & %r9es1  &   
relics1 ( real or suppos$ sa9ts1 9 !    
papal k+dom1 sadly  te/ifie?74 ,b !     
necess>y "p ( our communion ) ! sa9ts  9

 heav51 be+ ( s great importance to !   
*ur* on e>?1 ,i  comm5d x to ! due      
consid]ation ( ! fai?ful1 :e!r our      
=getfulness ( x is n to be mu* rep5t$ (1
 & :e!r x be  n a "w to be m s]i\sly    
m9d$ = ! "t to come4    ,& ,i mu/       
confess ,i "k n :y x %\ld be ?\ght      
unlawful to  celebrate ! memorial ( !   
life or m>tyrdom ( any extraord9>y      
s]vant ( ,god1 by an anniv]s>y          
solemnity1 on a set appropriate day3  x 
is b to keep ! ?ankful remembrance (    
,god's m]cy to !  *ur*2 & sure ! life & 
dea? ( su* is n ! smalle/ ( !  *ur*'s   
m]cies "h on e>?4 ,if x be lawful on    
,novemb] ! fif?  to celebrate ! memorial
 ( our deliv]ance f ! p[d]-plot1 ,i  "k 
n :y x %\ld be ?\ght unlawful to d ! l 9
 ?is case  also3 provid$1 #a4 ,t x be n 
t]m9at$ 9 ! hon\r ( a sa9t1  b ( ! ,god 
( sa9ts1 = giv+ s great a m]cy to 8     
*ur*4  #b4 ,t x be n to hon\r a sa9t    
m]ely z a sa9t1 b to "s  extraord9>y    
em95t sa9ts3 o!rwise all t g to heav5   
mu/  h fe/ivals kept 9 remembrance ( !m2

 & s we might h a  million = a day4 #c4 
,t x be n made equal ) ! ,"l's day1  b  
kept 9 su* a subord9ation to t day1 z ! 
life or dea? (  sa9ts is ( inf]ior &    
subord9ate respect to ! "w ( ,*ri/ 9    
man's r$emption4 #d4 ,& if x be kept 9 a
 spiritual mann]1 to  invite m5 to      
imitate ! hol9ess ( ! sa9ts1 & !        
con/ancy (  ! m>tyrs1 & n to enc\rage   
s5suality & slo?4    #ahe ,i h said m ( 
?is s9ce1 9 my ,life ( ,fai?4    #ahf   
,heb4 xi4 #a4    #ahg ,concil4 ,lat]4   
sub ,innoc4 ,,iii4 ,c4 #c4    #ahh ,rom4
 i4 #g2 #a ,cor4 i4 #b2 xiv4 #cc2 ,eph4 
i4 #h2 ii4 #ai2 iv4 #ab2 v4  #c2 ,rom4  
xv4 #be1 #bf4    #ahi #a ,cor4 iv4 #ab1 
#ac3 ,lam4 iii4 #de4          ,,*apt]   
,,xi4    ,,directions ,,ab\t ,,our      
,,communion ,,) ,,! ,,holy ,,angels4    
,direct4 ,i4 ,be satisfi$ 9 kn[+ s mu* (
 angels z ,god 9  nature & ,scripture   
ha? reveal$2 b presume n to inquire     
fur!r1 mu* less to det]m9e ( unreveal$  
?+s4 ,t !re are  angels1 & t !y are holy
 spirits1 is pa/ dispute2 b :at  numb]  

!y are1 & ( h[ _m worlds1 & ( :at ord]s 
&  diff]5t dignities & degrees1 & :5 !y 
7 creat$1 & :at  locality belonge? to   
!m1 & h[ f> !y excel or diff] f !  s\ls 
( m51 ^! & _m o!r su* unnecess>y        
que/ions1 nei!r  nature nor ,scripture w
 tea* u h[ infallibly to resolve4 ,almo/
  all ! h]etics 9 ! fir/ ages ( ! *ur*1 
did make _!  doctr9es ( angels ! fir/ & 
*ief "p ( _! h]esies2  arrogantly       
intrud+ into unreveal$ ?+s1 & boa/+ ( _!
  acqua9tance ) ! ord]s & inhabitants ( 
! high] _w4  ,^! be+ ris5 9 ! apo/les'  
days1 occasion$ ,paul to say1 ,col4  ii4
 #ah1 ,let no man beguile y ( y\r rew>d 
9 a volunt>y  humility1 & wor%ipp+ (    
angels1 intrud+ into ^? ?+s :i*  he ha? 
n se51 va9ly puff$ up by 8 fle%ly m9d4  
,direct4 ,,ii4 ,und]/& s mu* ( ! m9i/ry 
( angels z ,god ha?  reveal$1 & s f>    
take notice ( y\r communion ) !m2 b     
affect n any o!r sort ( communion4#aij  
,i %all "h %[ h[ mu* ( ! m9i/ry ( angels
 is reveal$ to u  9 ,scripture4    #a4  
,x is "p ( ! appo9t$ "w ( angels1 to be 

m9i/]+  spirits = ! heirs ( salvation1  
,heb4 i4 #ad4aia ,n m9i/]s or  s]vants (
 ! godly1 b m9i/]s ( ,god = ! godly3 z !
  %eph]d is n a s]vant ( ! %eep1 b = !  
%eep4 ,x is n  an accid5tal or          
occasional "w :i* !y d extraord9>ily2 b 
x  is _! und]tak5 (fice to :i* !y are   
s5t =?4 ,& ?is  _! m9i/ry is ab\t !     
ord9>y conc]nm5ts ( our lives1 &  n only
 ab\t "s great or unusual cases or      
exig5ts1 ,psal4 xxxiv4  #f1 #g2 xci4    
#aa1 #ab4    #b4 ,x is n "s1 b all !    
angels t are appo9t$ by ,god to  ?is    
m9i/ration4 ,are !y n all m9i/]+ spirits
 s5t =?1  c4 ,heb4 i4 #a1 #d4 ,m>k "h1 t
 if y inquire :e!r ,god h any  high]    
spirits1 t are n employ$ 9 s l[ an      
(fice1 b gov]n  ^! angels1 or if y      
inquire :e!r only ?is _w be ! angels'   
*>ge1 or :e!r !y h _m o!r worlds also 7(
 viators7 to  take c>e (2 nei!r nature  
nor ,scripture do? give y !  det]m9ation
 ( any ( ^! que/ions2 & !re=e y mu/     
leave  !m z unreveal$ ?+s 7) abundance m
 ) :i* ! old  h]etics1 & ! popi%        

s*oolm51 h div]t$ m5's m9ds f  pla9 &   
necess>y ?+s74 ,b t all ! angels m9i/] =
 u1  are ! express words ( ,scripture4  
#c4 ,! "w ( ?is (fice is n left         
promiscu\sly among !m1 b  sev]al angels 
h _! sev]al works & *>ge2 !re=e         
,scripture telle? u ( "s s5t on "o      
message1 & "s on  ano!r2#aib & tells u t
 ! meane/ ( ,*ri/'s memb]s on  e>? h _! 
angels be=e ,god 9 heav53 ,i say unto y1
 t 9  heav5 _! angels d always behold ! 
face ( my ,fa!r :i* is 9  heav51 ,matt4 
xviii4 #aj4 ,:e!r ea* true believ] ha?  
"o or m  angels8 & :e!r "o angel look to
 m ?an "o believ]8 are  que/ions :i*    
,god ha? n resolv$ u (1 ei!r 9 nature or
  ,scripture2 b t ea* true *ri/ian ha? 8
 angel1 is "h  ass]t$ by our ,"l4    #d4
 ,9 ?is (fice ( m9i/ration !y are       
s]vants ( ,*ri/ z !  ,head ( ! *ur*1 & !
 ,m$iator betwe5 ,god & man1 to promote 
! ends ( 8 sup]ior (fice 9 man's        
r$emption4#aic ,matt4  xxviii4 #ah1 ,all
 p[] is giv5 to me 9 heav5 & e>?2 ,john 
xiii4  #c4 ,eph4 i4 #bj-bb1 ,& set him  

at 8 "r h& 9 ! cele/ials1  f> above all 
pr9cipality1 & p[]1 & might1 & dom9ion1 
&  e "n t is nam$1 n only 9 ?is _w1 b   
also 9 t  :i* is to come1 & ha? put all 
?+s "u 8 feet1 & gave him  to be head   
ov] all ?+s to ! *ur*4 ,rev4 xxiii4 #af1
 ,i ,jesus  h s5t m9e angel to te/ify   
unto y ^! ?+s 9 !  *ur*es4#aid ,:e!r !  
angels 7 appo9t$ ab\t ! s]vice (  ,adam 
9 innoc5cy2 or only began _! (fice )    
,*ri/ ! ,m$iator  z 8 m9i/]s1 is a ?+ t 
,god ha? n reveal$2 b t !y  s]ve "u     
,*ri/ = 8 *ur* is pla94    #e4 ,?is c>e 
( ! angels = u is ex]cis$ ?r\gh\t our   
lives1  = ! sav+ ( u f all our dang]s1 &
 deliv]+ u out (  all our tr\bles4#aie  
,psal4 xxxiv4 #f1 #g1 ,?is poor man     
cri$1 &  ! ,"l he>d him1 & sav$ him out 
( all 8 tr\bles3 ! angel  ( ! ,"l       
encampe? ab\t !m t fe> him1 & deliv]e?  
!m4  ,psal4 xci4 #aa1 #ab1 ,= he %all   
give 8 angels *>ge ov] !e to  keep !e 9 
all ?y ways3 !y %all be> !e up 9 _! h&1 
le/  ?\ da% ?y foot aga9/ a /one4 ,9 all
 our ways1 7t are  good17 & 9 e /ep we  

tread1 we h ! c>e & m9i/ry (  tutel>    
angels4 ,!y are our ord9>y def5ce &     
gu>d4    #f4 ,9 all ?is m9i/ry !y       
p]fectly obey ! w ( ,god1#aif &  d no?+ 
b by 8 comm&1 ,psal4 ciii4 #aj2 ,ze*4 i4
 #h1 #aj2 ,matt4  xviii4 #aj1 be+ 8     
mess5g]s to man4    #g4 ,mu* ( _! "w is 
to oppose ! malice ( evil spirits t     
seek our he>t1 & to def5d u f !m2#aig   
aga9/ :om !y are  engag$ "u ,*ri/ 9     
daily w> or conflict1 ,rev4 xii4 #g1 #i2
 ,psal4  lxi4 #ag2 lxxviii4 #di2 ,matt4 
iv4 #aa4    #h4 ,9 ?is _! m9i/ration !y 
are ord]$ into diff]5t degrees  (       
sup]iority & inf]iority1#aih & are n    
equal among  !mselves1 #a ,!ss4 iv4 #af2
 ,jude #i2 ,dan4 x4 #ac1 #bj1 #ba2 ,eph4
 i4 #ba2  ,col4 ii4 #aj2 ,eph4 iii4 #aj2
 vi4 #ab2 ,col4 i4 #af2 ,ze*4 iv4 #aj2  
,rev4 iv4  #e2 v4 #f4    #i4 ,angels are
 employ$ n only ab\t our bodies1 b our  
s\ls1 by  fur!r+ ! means ( our          
salvation3 !y prea*$ ! gospel  !mselves1
 7z !y deliv]$ ! law1#aii7 ,luke ii4 #i1
 #aj2 i4 #aa1  c42 ,heb4 ii4 #b2 ,gal4  

iii4 #ai2 ,acts x4 #d2 ,dan4 vii4 #af2  
viii4 #ae-ag2  ix4 #ba1 #bb2 ,luke i4   
#bi2 ii4 #ai4 ,especially !y deliv]     
p>ticul>  messages1 :i* suppose !       
suffici5cy ( ! laws ( ,*ri/1 &  only    
help to ! ob$i5ce ( x4    #aj4 ,!y are  
sometimes ,god's in/rum5ts to confirm1 &
 w>n1 &  com=t1 & excite ! s\l1 & to "w 
^u ! m9d1 & w1 &  affections3#bjj t !y d
 ?is p]suasively1 & h z mu*  access &   
p[] to d u good1 z ,satan ha? to d u    
evil1 is v  cle>4 ,good angels h z mu*  
p[] & access to ! s\l1 to move  to duty1
 z devils h to tempt to s94 ,z ,god ha? 
s5t !m (t  ^u monitory & consolatory    
messages to 8 s]vants 9 visible  %apes1 
s do? he s5d !m on ! l messages         
invisibly1 ,judg4 v4  #bc2 ,matt4 i4    
#bj2 ,psal4 civ4 #d2 ,luke xxii4 #dc1 an
 angel f heav5 is  s5t to /r5g!n ,*ri/  
himself 9 8 agony4    #aa4 ,!y p]secute 
& *ase ! enemies ( ! *ur*1 & sometimes  
de/roy !m3 z ,psal4 xxxv4 #e1 #f2 #b    
,k+s xix4 #ce2 ,isa4 xxxvii4 #cf2  &    
h9d] !m f do+ hurt1 ,numb4 xxii4 #bd4   

#ab4 ,!y are a convoy = ! dep>t+ s\ls ( 
! godly1 to br+  !m to ! place ( _!     
felicity1 ,luke xvi4 #bb1 ?\gh h[ !y d  
x we _c und]/&4    #ac4 ,!y are !       
att5dants ( ,*ri/ at 8 com+ to judgm5t1 
&  8 m9i/]s to ga!r 8 elect1 & sev] !   
wick$ f ! j1  9 ord] to _! endless      
puni%m5t or joy4 #a ,!ss4 iv4 #af1 ,!   
,"l himself %all desc5d f heav5 ) a %\t1
 ) ! voice (  ! ar*angel1 & ) ! trump ( 
,god1 & ! dead 9 ,*ri/ %all  rise fir/3 
!n we :i* are alive & rema9 %all be     
caught up1  c4 ,matt4 xiii4 #da1 #db1   
#di1 ,! ,son ( man %all s5d =? 8        
angels1 & !y %all ga!r out ( 8 k+dom all
 (f5ces or  sc&als1 & !m :i* d iniquity2
 & %all ca/ !m into a  furnace ( fire4  
,at ! end ( ! _w1 ! angels %all come =?1
  & sev] ! wick$ f among ! j1 & %all ca/
 !m into !  furnace ( fire1 c4#bja      
,direct4 ,,iii4 ,und]/& our ne> aff9ity 
or relation to ! angels1  & h[ !y & we  
are conc]n$ 9 ea* o!rs' condition &     
affairs4 ,z to our nature our immortal  
s\ls are k9 or l unto !  angels1 ?\gh   

our bodies are b l ! brutes4 ,^? s\ls t 
are creat$ aft] ! image ( ,god1 9 _! v  
natural ess5ce1 7z  rational & free     
ag5ts17 besides 8 moral image (         
sanctity1 ,g54  ix4 #f1 may well be said
 to be l ! angels3 ,he made u a little  
l[] ?an ! angels1 ,psal4 viii4 #e4 ,&   
,god ha? made u _!  *>ge & c>e2 & !re=e 
no d\bt ha? giv5 !m a special love  unto
 u1 to fit !m to ! due p]=mance ( _!    
tru/4 ,z  m9i/]s h a special pat]nal    
love to _! flocks1 & z  *ri/ians are to 
h a special love to "o ano!r to enable &
  engage !m to ! duties appo9t$ !m by   
,god t[>ds ea* o!r2 s  ^! excell5t      
spirits h no d\bt a f> pur] & great]    
love1 to  ! image ( ,god ^u ! sa9ts1 &  
to ! sa9ts = ! image &  sake ( ,god1 ?an
 ! de>e/ fri5ds & holie/ p]sons on e>? c
  h4 ,= !y are m holy1 & !y are m       
p]fectly con=m$ to  ! m9d ( ,god1 & !y  
love ,god himself m p]fectly ?an we1 &  
!re=e = 8 sake d love 8 p mu* m p]fectly
 ?an we4  ,& !re=e !y are m to be lov$  
by u ?an any mortals are2  bo? because  

!y are m excell5t1 pure1 & amiable1 &   
because  !y h m love to u4 ,moreov] !   
angels are s]vants ( !  same ,god1 &    
memb]s ( ! same society :i* we belong   
to4 ,!y are  ! inhabitants ( ! heav5ly  
,j]usalem1 ( :i* we are heirs3 !y  h    
possession1 & we h title1 & %all 9 "t   
possess x4 ,we  are call$ to mu* ( !    
same employm5t ) !m2 we mu/ love !  same
 ,god1 & glorify him by ob$i5ce1 ?anks1 
& praise1 & s d  !y4 ,!re=e !y are      
m9i/]s = our good1 & rejoice 9 !        
success ( _! lab\rs1 z ! m9i/]s ( ,*ri/ 
on e>? d1 ,heb4  i4 #ad4 ,!re is n a    
s9n] conv]t$1 b x is ! angels' joy1     
,luke xv4 #aj1 :i* %[e? u h[ mu* !y     
att5d t "w4 ,we are  come to m\nt ,zion1
 & unto ! city ( ! liv+ ,god1 ! heav5ly 
,j]usalem1 & to myriads ( angels1 c4    
,heb4 xii4 #bb-bd4 ,!y are  especially  
pres5t & att5dant on u 9 our holy       
assemblies &  s]vices ( ,god2 & !re=e we
 are admoni%$ to rev]5ce _!  pres5ce1 & 
d no?+ be=e !m t is s9ful or unseemly1  
#a  ,cor4 xi4 #aj2 ,eccles4 v4 #f4 ,!   

pres5ce ( ,god1 & ! ,"l ,jesus  ,*ri/1 &
 ! elect angels1 mu/ cont9ually awe u   
into exact  ob$i5ce1 #a ,tim4 v4 #ba4 ,)
 ! *ur* !y pry into ! my/]y (  !        
disp5sations ( ! ,_s to ! *ur*1 #a ,pet4
 i4 #ab4 ,& s  by ! *ur*1 t is1 by      
,god's deal+s ) ! *ur*1 is made  kn[n ! 
manifold wisdom ( ,god1 ev5 to ^!       
heav5ly  pr9cipalities & p[]s1 ,eph4    
iii4 #aj4 ,9 conclusion1 ,*ri/  telle? u
 t 9 our /ate ( bless$ness we %all be   
equal to !  angels1 ,luke xx4 #cf1 & s  
%all live ) !m = ev]4    ,direct4 ,,iv4 
,:5 y\r ?\ghts ( heav5 are /agg]+ or    
/range1  & :5 y are tempt$ to d\bt :e!r 
inde$ !re is su* a life  ( glory = !    
sa9ts1 x may be a great help to y\r     
fai?1 to  ?9k ( ! _w ( angels t already 
d possess x4 ,t !re  are su* excell5t & 
happy inhabitants ( ! sup]ior orbs1     
besides  :at ,scripture sai?1 ev5 reason
 w /rongly p]suade any rational  man3   
#a4 ,:5 we consid] t sea1 & l&1 & air1 &
 all places  ( ?is l[]1 bas] "p ( ! _w1 
are repl5i%$ )  inhabitants suitable to 

_! natures2 & !re=e t !  incomp>ably m  
great & excell5t orbs & regions %\ld all
 be  un9habit$1 is irrational to imag9e4
 #b4 ,& z we see ! rational  creatures  
are made to gov]n ! brutes 9 ?is inf]ior
 _w1 s  reason telle? u x is improbable 
t ! high] reason ( !  inhabitants ( !   
high] regions %\ld h no h& 9 !  gov]nm5t
 ( man4 ,& yet ,god ha? fur!r condesc5d$
 to satisfy u  h]e91 by "s unque/ionable
 app>itions ( good angels1 & _m  m (    
evil spirits1 :i* puts ! matt] pa/ all  
d\bt1 t !re  are inhabitants ( ! unse5  
_w4 ,& :5 we "k t su* !re  are1 x make? 
x ! m easy to u to believe t su* we may 
be1  ei!r numb]$ ) ! happy or unhappy   
spirits1 consid]+ !  aff9ity :i* !re is 
betwe5 ! nature ( our s\ls & !m3 to     
conqu] s5seless ,sadducism is a good /ep
 to ! conque/ (  irreligi\sness2 he t is
 well p]suad$ t !re are angels &        
spirits1 is mu* bett] prep>$ ?an a      
,sadducee to believe !  immortality ( ! 
s\l3 & because ! inf9ite di/ance betwe5 
,god  & man1 is apt to make ! ?\ghts (  

our approa*+ 8 glory  ei!r dubi\s or v  
t]rible1 ! remembrance ( ^? myriads (   
bless$ spirits t dwell n[ 9 ! pres5ce ( 
t glory1 do?  mu* imbold5 & confirm our 
?\ghts2 z he t w\ld be afraid  :e!r he  
%\ld h access to & acceptance ) ! k+1   
w\ld  be mu* enc\rag$ if he saw a       
multitude z mean z himself1 or n  mu*   
unlike him1 to be famili> att5dants on  
him4 ,i mu/ confess su*  is my own      
weakness1 t ,i f9d a frequ5t ne$ (      
rememb]+ !  holy ho/s ( sa9ts & angels1 
t are ) ,god1 to imbold5 my  s\l1 & make
 ! ?\ghts ( heav5 m famili> & sweet1 by 
abat+ my /rang5ess1 amaz$ness1 & fe>s2 &
 ?us f> to make  !m ! m$ia 7t ,i say n !
 m$iators7 ( my ?\ghts1 9 _!  approa*es 
to ! mo/ high & holy ,god 7?\gh !       
remembrance (  ,*ri/ ! true ,m$iator is 
my *ief enc\ragem5t74 ,especially :5  we
 consid] h[ f]v5tly ^? holy spirits d   
love e holy p]son  ^u e>?1 & s t all ^? 
t dwell ) ,god1 are de>]  fri5ds to u1  
?an our fa!rs or mo!rs "h on e>? are1 7z
 is  briefly prov$ be=e17 ?is w imbold5 

u yet mu* m4    ,direct4 ,v4 ,make use (
 ! ?\ghts ( ! angelical ho/s1 :5 y  w\ld
 see ! glory & maje/y ( ,*ri/4 ,if y ?9k
 x a small  matt] t he is ! ,head ( !   
*ur* on e>?1 a h&ful ( p  contemn$ by ! 
satanical p>ty ( ! _w1 yet ?9k :at x is 
to  be ,head ov] all ?+s1 f> above all  
pr9cipality1 & p[]1 &  might1 & dom9ion1
 & e "n t is nam$1 n only 9 ?is  _w1 b  
also 9 t :i* is to come1 7t is1 gave him
 a p[]1  dignity1 & "n1 great] ?an any  
p[]1 dignity1 or "n ( m5 or  angels17 & 
ha? put all ?+s "u 8 feet1 ,eph4 i4     
#ba-bc4  ,be+ made s mu* bett] ?an !    
angels1 z he ha? by inh]itance  obta9$ a
 m excell5t "n ?an !y2 ( him x is said1 
,let all  ! angels ( ,god wor%ip him1   
,heb4 i4 #d1 #f4 ,read ! :ole *apt]4    
,our ,head is ! ,"l ( all ^! ho/s4      
,direct4 ,,vi4 ,make use ( ! remembrance
 ( ! glori\s angels1 to  acqua9t y ) !  
dignity ( human nature1 & ! special     
dignity  ( ! s]vants ( ,god1 & s to     
raise up y\r he>ts 9 ?ankfulness  to y\r
 ,creator & ,r$eem] :o ha? ?us advanc$  

y4#bjb #a4 ,:at  a dignity is x t ^!    
holy angels %\ld be all m9i/]+  spirits 
s5t = our good6 t !y %\ld love u1 &     
conc]n  !mselves s mu* = u1 z to rejoice
 9 heav5 at our conv]sion6  ,"l1 :at is 
man1 t ?\ art m9dful ( him1 & ! son (   
man  t ?\ visite/ him8 ,= ?\ ha/ made   
him a little l[] ?an !  angels1 & ha/   
cr[n$ him ) glory & hon\r1 ,psal4 viii4 
#d1 #e4  #b4 ,b yet x is a high]        
decl>ation ( our dignity1 t we %\ld  9  
heav5 be equal ) !m1 & s be numb]$ into 
_! society1  & jo9 ) !m ev]la/+ly 9 !   
praise ( our ,creator4 #c4 ,&  x is yet 
a great] hon\r to u1 t our natures are  
assum$ into  union ( p]son ) ! ,son (   
,god1 & s advanc$ above ! angels4  ,= he
 took n on him ! nature ( angels1 b !   
se$ (  ,abraham3 nor ha? he put ! _w to 
come 9 subjection to !  angels1 ,heb4   
ii4 #e1 #af4 ,?is is ! ,"l's do+1 & x is
 wondr\s  9 our eyes4    ,direct4 ,,vii4
 ,:5 y w\ld admire ! works ( ,god & 8   
gov]nm5t1 look specially to ! angels'   
"p4 ,if ,god w\ld be  glorifi$ 9 8      

works1 !n especially 9 ! mo/ glori\s    
p>ts3 if  he take delight to "w by      
in/rum5ts1 & to communicate su*         
excell5cy & hon\r to !m z may conduce to
 ! hon\r ( !  pr9cipal cause1 we mu/ n  
ov]look _! excell5cy & hon\r1  unless we
 w d5y ,god ! hon\r :i* is due to him4  
,z he t  w see ! excell5t workman%ip ( a
 wat* or any o!r eng9e1  mu/ n ov]look !
 *iefe/ p>ts1 nor _! op]ation on ! re/2 
s he t w see ! excell5t ord] ( ! works &
 gov]nm5t (  ,god1 mu/ n ov]look !      
angels1 nor _! (fices 9 !  gov]nm5t1 &  
pres]vation ( ! inf]ior creatures1 s f> 
z ,god  ha? reveal$ x unto u4 ,we spoil 
! music if we leave out ^!  /r+s4 ,x is 
a great "p ( ! glory ( ! works ( ,god1 t
 all  ! p>ts 9 heav5 & e>? are s        
admirably conjo9$ & jo9t$  z !y are2 &  
ea* 9 _! places contribute to ! beauty &
  h>mony ( ! :ole4    ,direct4 ,,viii4  
,:5 y w\ld be appreh5sive ( ! excell5cy 
(  love & humility1 & exact ob$i5ce to !
 w ( ,god1 look up to  ! angels1 & see !
 lu/re ( all ^! virtues z !y %9e 9  !m4 

,h[ p]fectly d !y love ,god & all 8     
sa9ts6 ev5 !  weake/ & meane/ ( ! memb]s
 ( ,*ri/6 ,) :at humility d  !y         
condesc5d to m9i/] = ! heirs (          
salvation6 h[ readily  & p]fectly d !y  
obey _! ,mak]6#bjc ,?\gh our *iefe/     
patt]n is ,*ri/ himself1 :o came ne>] to
 u1 & appe>$ 9  fle%1 to give u !       
example ( all su* duties1 yet "u him !  
example ( angels is also to be obs]v$1 &
 ) pleasure to be  imitat$4 ,& ask !    
enemies ( hol9ess1 :o urge y ) !        
examples ( ! great & le>n$1 :e!r !y are 
wis] ?an all !  angels ( ,god8          
,direct4 ,,ix4 ,:5 y are tempt$ to      
desire any inord9ate communion  )       
angels1 z visibly appe>+ or affect+ y\r 
s5ses1 or to give  !m any "p ( ! (fice  
or hon\r ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 !n ?9k h[      
suitable t (fice is to y\r safety &     
b5efit :i* ,god ha?  assign$ !m1 & h[   
mu* !y !mselves abhor aspir+ to1 or     
usurpation (1 ! (fice or hon\r ( _! ,"l3
 & consid] h[  mu* m suitable to y\r    
b5efit ?is spiritual m9i/ration ( !     

angels is1 ?an if !y appe>$ to u 9      
bodily %apes4#bjd ,9 ?is  spiritual     
communion !y act accord+ to _! spiritual
 nature1  )\t deceit2 & !y s]ve u )\t   
any t]rible appe>ances2  & )\t any dang]
 ( draw+ u to s5sitive1 gross           
appreh5sions ( !m1 or entic+ u to an    
unmeet adhesion to !m1  or hon\r+ ( !m3 
:]eas if !y appe>$ to u 9 visible       
%apes1 we might easily be affright$1    
conf\nd$1 & left 9 d\bt1  :e!r !y 7 good
 angels inde$ or n4 ,x is our communion 
)  ,god himself t is our happ9ess2 &    
communion ) angels or  sa9ts1 is        
desirable b 9 ord] unto ?is3 t k9d (    
communion  ) angels !re=e is ! be/1 :i* 
mo/ advance? u to  communion ) ,god2 & t
 reception ( 8 m]cy by in/rum5ts is     
be/1 :i* lea/ endang]e? our inord9ate   
adhesion to !  in/rum5ts1 & our neglect 
( ,god4 ,we "k n s well z ,god1 :at  way
 is be/ & safe/ = u3 z x is dang]\s     
desir+ to m5d 8  ^w by any fancies ( our
 own1 :i* we suppose m fit2 s x is      
dang]\s to desire to am5d 8 gov]nm5t1 & 

provid5ce1 &  ord]1 & to ?9k t ano!r way
 ?an t :i* 9 nature he ha?  /at$ &      
appo9t$1 is m to our b5efit4 ,x is      
dang]\s wi%+  ,god to g out ( 8 way1 &  
to deal ) u1 & conduct u 9  by-ways (   
our own2 9 :i* we are ourselves         
unskill$1 & ( :i*  we little "k ! issue4
    ,direct4 ,x4 ,:5 y are apt to be    
t]rifi$ ) ! fe> ( devils1  ?9k !n ( !   
gu>d ( angels1 & h[ mu* great] /r5g? is 
= y ?an aga9/ y4 ,?\gh ,god be our only 
fundam5tal security1  & our *iefe/      
confid5ce mu/ be 9 him1 yet exp]i5ce    
telle? u  h[ apt we are to look to      
in/rum5ts1 & to be affect$ z second     
causes d appe> to make = u or aga9/ u2  
!re=e :5  appe>+ dang]s t]rify u1 appe>+
 or second>y helps %\ld be  obs]v$ to   
com=t & enc\rage u4    ,direct4 ,,xi4   
,lab\r to answ] ! great & holy love (   
angels )  su* great & holy love to !m1 z
 may help y aga9/ y\r  unwill+ness to   
die1 & make y long = ! company ( !m :om 
y s mu* love4 ,& :5 dea? seeme? t]rible 
to y because !  _w to come seems /range1

 rememb] t y are go+ to !  society ( ^? 
angels1 t rejoic$ 9 y\r conv]sion1 &    
m9i/]$ = y "h on e>?1 & are ready to    
convoy y\r s\ls  to ,*ri/4#bje ,?\gh !  
?\ghts ( ,god & our bless$ ,m$iator     
%\ld be ! only f9al object to attract   
our love1 & make u long  to be 9 heav51 
yet "u ,*ri/1 ! love & company ( sa9ts &
  angels mu/ be ?\ght on to fur!r our   
desires & delight3 = ev5  9 heav5 ,god w
 n s be all to u1 z to use no creature =
 our  com=t2 o!rwise ! glorifi$ humanity
 ( ,*ri/ w\ld be no means  ( our com=t  
!re2 & ! heav5ly ,j]usalem w\ld n !n h  
be5 set out to u by its creat$          
excell5cies1 z x is ,rev4 xxi4  xxii42  
nor w\ld x be any com=t to u 9 ! k+dom (
 ,god t we  %all be ) ,abraham1 ,isaac1 
& ,jacob1 ,luke xiii4 #bh2 ,matt4 viii4 
#aa4    ,direct4 ,,xii4 ,pray = !       
protection & help ( angels1 z "p (  !   
b5efits procur$ = ! sa9ts by ,*ri/2 & be
 ?ankful = x  z a privilege ( believ]s1 
excell+ all ! dignities ( !  ungodly4 ,&
 walk ) a rev]5ce ( _! pres5ce1         

especially 9  ! wor%ipp+ ( ,god4 ,x is n
 fit su* a m]cy %\ld be  und]valu$ or   
un?ankfully receiv$3 nor t s ord9>y a   
means (  our pres]vation %\ld be        
ov]look$1 & n be s\ght ( ,god by  pray]4
 ,b ! way to keep ! love ( angels1 is to
 keep up ! love  ( ,god2 & ! way to     
please !m1 is to please him2 = 8 w is   
!irs4    ,direct4 ,,xiii4 ,9 all !      
wor%ip y p]=m to ,god1 rememb] t  y jo9 
) ! angels ( heav51 & be> y\r "p to make
 up !  conc]t4 ,d x !re=e ) t hol9ess1 &
 rev]5ce1 &  affection1 z rememb]+ n    
only to :om y speak1 b also :at         
companions y h2 & let !re n be too great
 a discord ei!r  9 y\r he>ts or praises4
 ,o ?9k ) :at lively1 joyful m9ds !y    
praise _! glori\s ,creator2 & h[ unwe>i$
 !y are 9 _!  mo/ bless$ "w6 ,& lab\r to
 be l !m 9 love & praise1 t  y may come 
to be equal ) !m 9 _! glory1 ,luke xx4  
#cf4    #aij ,angelorum vocabulum nom5  
e/ (ficii1 non natur3 nam sancti  illi  
cle/is patri spiritus1 semp] sunt       
spiritus1 s$ semp]  voc>i angeli non    

possunt4 ,gregor4    #aia ,dan4 iv4 #ac2
 ,g54 xxxii4 #a1 #b2 ,exod4 xxxii4 #b2  
,dan4 vi4 #bb2 ,acts  xii4 #g1 #aa2 #a  
,k+s xix4 #e1 #f4    #aib ,luke i4 #ac1 
#ah1 #ai1 #bf1 #bh2 ii4 #aj1 #ac1 #ba2  
,acts x4 #g1 #bb2 xii4  #h1 #i2 ,dan4   
iii4 #bh2 vi4 #bb2 ,g54 xxiv4 #dj4      
#aic #a ,pet4 iii4 #bb2 ,matt4 xxvi4    
#ec4    #aid ,rev4 i4 #a4    #aie #b    
,k+s vi4 #ag4    #aif ,dan4 iv4 #ce4    
#aig #a ,k+s xxii4 #ai-bb2 #a ,!ss4 ii4 
#ah4    #aih ,luke i4 #ai1 #bf4    #aii 
,acts vii4 #ec4    #bjj ,acts xxvii4    
#bd2 ,luke i4 #ac1 #cj2 ii4 #aj2 ,dan4  
x4 #ab2 #b ,k+s vi4  #af2 ,g54 xvi4 #i1 
#aj2 ,numb4 xxii4 #cb4    #bja #b ,!ss4 
i4 #g1 #h2 ,m>k viii4 #ch2 ,matt4 xxv4  
#ca4    #bjb ,magna dignitas fidelium   
anim>um ut unaquque habeat ab ortu      
nativitatis 9 cu/odiam sui angelum      
deputatum3 imo plures4 ,hi]on4  ,luke   
xx4 #cf4    #bjc ,heb4 i4 #ad2 ,psal4   
ciii4 #bj1 #ba4    #bjd ,timet angelus  
ador>i ab humana natura1 quam videt 9   
,deo  sublimatam4 ,gregor4    #bje      

,simus devoti1 simus grati tantis       
cu/odibus3 r$amemus eos  quantum        
possumus1 quantum debemus effectuose1 c4
 ,b]n>d4 ,v nobis si  qu&o provocati    
sancti angeli peccatis et neglig5tiis1  
indignos nos  judicav]9t prs5tia et     
visitatione sua1 c4 ,cav5da e/ nobis    
eorum  (f5sa1 et 9 8 maxime ex]c5dum1   
quibus eos novimus oblect>i3  hc autem  
plac5t eis qu 9 nobis inv5ire delectat1 
ut e/  sobrietas1 ca/itas1 c4 ,9 quovis 
angulo rev]5tiam exhibe angelo1  ne     
audeas illo pres5te1 quod me vid5te non 
aud]es4 ,b]n>d4          ,,cases ,,(    
,,consci5ce1 ,,ab\t ,,matt]s            
,,ecclesia/ical4      ,,read]1    ,i h  
some?+ to say to !e ( ! numb] ( ^!      
cases1 some:at  ( ! ord]1 & some:at ( ! 
mann] ( h&l+ & resolv+  !m4 ,i4 ,t !y   
are s _m is because !re are really s _m 
difficulties :i* all m5 are n able to   
resolve4 ,t !y are no  m1 is p>tly      
because ,i c\ld n rememb] !n any m t 7  
necess>ily to be h&l$1 & ,i 0 n will+ to
 increase s great  a book ) ?+s         

unnecess>y4    ,,ii4 ,z to ! ord]1 ,i h 
"s reasons = ! ord] ( mo/ (  !m1 :i*    
w\ld be too t$i\s to op5 to y4 ,b "s (  
!m are  plac$ out ( ord]1 because1 #a4  
,i c\ld n rememb] !m 9 due  place4 #b4  
,& great ha/e all[$ me n "t to transpose
 !m4 ,if  y say t 9 su* a "w ,i %\ld    
take "t1 ,i answ]1 ,y are no  compet5t  
judges1 unless y knew me & ! re/ ( my   
"w1 & !  likelihood t my "t w be b %ort4
 ,!y t _h r take  my writ+s ) su*       
defects :i* are ! effects ( ha/e1 ?an  h
 none ( !m1 may use !m1 & ! re/ are free
 to despise !m  & neglect !m4 ,two or   
?ree que/ions ab\t ! ,scripture1 ,i w\ld
  h put ne>] ! beg9n+ if ,i c\ld h "t2 b
 see+ ,i  _c1 x is easy = y to transpose
 !m 9 ! read+4    ,,iii4 ,! resolution (
 ^! cases s mu* avoide? all ! extremes1 
t ,i look !y %\ld be displeas+ to all t 
va/ numb] (  *ri/ians1 :o involve       
!mselves 9 ! op9ions & int]e/s (  _!    
sev]al sects z su*1 & t hold ! fai? (   
our ,"l ,jesus  ,*ri/ ) respect (       
p]sons4 ,b !re w be /ill a c]ta9  numb] 

( truly ca?olic1 imp>tial read]s1 ^:    
fav\rable  acceptance ,i confid5tly     
progno/icate2 & :o1 be+ out ( !  du/1 & 
noise1 & passions ( cont5d+ sides &     
p>ties1 &  _! int]e/s1 w see a          
self-evid5c+ light 9 ^? solutions1  :i* 
are put (f "h briefly1 )\t ! pomp ( =mal
  argum5tation1 or p]suad+ oratory4 ,!  
,et]nal ,light reveale?  himself to u1  
by ,*ri/ :o is ! ,light ( ! _w1 & by !  
illum9ation ( ! ,_s & ^w ( light2 t we  
may walk 9 !  light1 z ! *ildr5 ( light1
 till we come to ! _w ( glori\s  ev]la/+
 light4 ,& :at o!r defect soev] our k h1
 if  any man ha? k en\gh to k9dle 9 him 
! love ( ,god1 !  same is kn[n ( him1 & 
!re=e is belov$ by him1 & %all be       
bless$ ) & 9 him = ev]1 #a ,cor4 viii4  
#a-c4      ,que/4 ,i4 ,h[ to "k :i* is !
 true *ur*1 among all pret5d]s1  t a    
*ri/ian's consci5ce may be quiet 9 8    
relation &  communion4    ,i h writt5 s 
mu* ( ?is already 9 f\r books1 7viz4 "o 
call$1 ,! ,safe ,religion1 ano!r call$1 
,a ,key = ,ca?olics1  ano!r call$1 ,!   

,visibility ( ! ,*ur*1 ano!r call$1 ,a  
true ,ca?olic1 & ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*       
describ$17 t ,i %all say  n[ b a little1
 & yet en\gh to an imp>tial1 consid]ate 
read]4    ,! t]ms mu/ fir/ be op5$4 #a4 
,by a *ur* is meant a society (         
*ri/ians z su*4 ,& x is sometimes tak5  
n>r[ly1 = ! body  or memb]s z di/9ct f !
 head1 z ! ^w k+dom is tak5 =  !        
subjects only z di/9ct f ! k+2 &        
sometimes m fully  & prop]ly = ! :ole   
political society1 z con/itut$ ( its    
head & body1 or ! p>s imp]ans et p>s    
subdita4    #b4 ,! ^w *ur* ?us tak51    
signifie? sometimes ! univ]sal  *ur*    
call$ ca?olic1 :i* consi/e? ( ,*ri/ & 8 
body  politic1 or my/ical2 & sometimes  
"s "p only ( ! univ]sal  *ur*4 ,& s x is
 tak5 ei!r = a subord9ate1 political "p1
  or = a community1 or a "p consid]$ z  
consociate1 b n  political2 or z _m     
p>ticul>1 political *ur*es agree+ &     
hold+ concord & communion )\t any common
 head1 save !  univ]sal ,head4    #c4   
,su* political *ur*es are ei!r ( div9e  

con/itution &  policy1 or only ( human4 
#b4 ,by *ri/ians1 ,i mean su* z pr(ess !
 ess5tials ( !  *ri/ian religion4 ,= we 
speak ( ! *ur* z visible4    #c4 ,by    
true1 may be meant1 ei!r reality (      
ess5ce1 opposite to t  :i* is n really a
 *ur* 9 ?is univocal acception2 or else 
s\nd  & or?odox1 9 ! integrals1 z       
opposite to errone\s & defil$  ) mu*    
enormity4 ,& n[ ,i ?us decide t "q4     
,prop4 ,i4 ,! true ca?olic *ur* consi/e?
 ( ,*ri/ ! ,head1 &  all *ri/ians z 8   
body1 or ! memb]s4 ,z ! k+dom consi/e?  
( ! k+ & 8 subjects4#bjf    ,prop4 ,,ii4
 ,z all ! s9c]e he>t-cov5ant]s make up !
 *ur* z  reg5]ate1 & my/ical or         
invisible2 s all t are *ri/5$1  t is1   
baptiz$1 & pr(ess cons5t to all !       
ess5tials ( !  baptismal cov5ant1 n hav+
 apo/atiz$1 nor be+ by lawful p[]       
excommunicat$1 are *ri/ians1 & make up !
 *ur* z  visible4#bjg    ,prop4 ,,iii4  
,!re=e !re is b "o univ]sal *ur*1       
because x  conta9e? all *ri/ians2 & s   
leave? out none to be ! matt] (         

ano!r4#bjh    ,prop4 ,,iv4 ,x is n      
ignorance or error ab\t ! m]e integrals 
(  *ri/ianity1 :i* make? !m no *ri/ians 
:o hold ! ess5tials1  t is1 ! baptismal 
cov5ant4#bji    ,prop4 ,v4 ,t !         
baptismal cov5ant might be rightly      
und]/ood &  pr(ess$1 ! *ur*es h /ill us$
 ! cre$ z ! explication  ( ! cov5ant1 9 
po9t ( fai?2 & tak5 x = ! symbol ( !    
*ri/ian belief4 ,& no fur!r pr(ession ( 
fai? 0 or is to be  requir$1 z necess>y 
to ! be+ ( *ri/ianity4#baj    ,prop4    
,,vi4 ,if pr\d usurp]s or c5sur]s take  
on !m to  excommunicate1 or un*ri/ian1  
or un*ur* o!rs1 )\t au?ority  & cause1  
?is make? !m n to be no *ri/ians1 or no 
*ur*es1  t are s us$4#baa    ,prop4     
,,vii4 ,!re=e to "k :i* is ! true       
ca?olic or univ]sal  *ur*1 is b to "k :o
 are baptiz$1 pr(ess$ *ri/ians4#bab     
,prop4 ,,viii4 ,! re=m$ *ur*es1 !       
,lu!rans1 ! ,abass9es1 !  ,coptics1 !   
,syrians1 ! ,arm5ians1 ! ,jacobites1 !  
,georgians1 !  ,m>onites1 ! ,greeks1 !  
,moscovites1 & ! ,romani/s1 d all       

receive baptism 9 all its visible       
ess5tials1 & pr(ess all !  ess5tials ( !
 *ri/ian religion1 ?\gh n ) ! same      
integrity4#bac    ,prop4 ,,ix4 ,he t    
d5ie? any "o ess5tial "p1 9 itself1 is s
 a  h]etic z to be no *ri/ian1 nor true 
memb] ( ! *ur*1 if x be  ju/ly prov$ or 
notori\s3 t is1 none ought to take him =
 a  visible *ri/ian1 :o "k ! pro( ( 8   
d5y+ t ess5tial  "p ( *ri/ianity1 or to 
:om x is notori\s4#bad    ,prop4 ,x4 ,he
 t holde? ! ess5tials prim>ily1 & ) !m  
holde? "s error :i* by unse5 consequ5ce 
subv]te? "s  ess5tial po9t1 b holde? !  
ess5tials s mu* fa/]1 t he  w\ld =sake 8
 error if he saw ! inconsi/5ce1 is a    
*ri/ian  not)/&+2 & if ! "n h]etic be   
applicable to him1 x is  b 9 su* a s5se1
 z is consi/5t ) *ri/ianity4#bae        
,prop4 ,,xi4 ,he t is judg$ a h]etic &  
no *ri/ian ju/ly by  o!rs1 mu/ be       
lawfully cit$1 & he>d plead 8 cause1 &  
be  judg$ ^u suffici5t pro(1 & n unhe>d1
 or ^u ra%  presumption4#baf    ,prop4  
,,xii4 ,*ri/ianity & h]esy be+ p]sonal  

qualities1 & no  :]e f\nd b 9           
individuals1 nor "o man guilty ( ano!r's
 error1  x foll[e? t x is s+le p]sons ^u
 p]sonal guilt t mu/  be judg$4#bag     
,prop4 ,,xiii4 ,any man may judge ano!r 
to be a *ri/ian or h]etic1  by a private
 judgm5t ( disc]n+1 or ! reason :i*     
guide? all  human actions2 b only *ur*  
rul]s may judge him by t public         
judgm5t1 :i* give? or d5ie? him 8 public
 privileges &  communion4#bah    ,prop4 
,,xiv4 ,if by notori\s inju/ice *ur*    
rul]s condemn  *ri/ians z no *ri/ians1  
?\gh !y may !reby d5y !m  communion ) ^?
 public assemblies :i* !y gov]n1 yet d  
!y  n oblige ! p to take su* injur$     
p]sons = no *ri/ians4  ,else !y might   
oblige all to believe a lie1 to cons5t  
to malici\s  injuries1 & might disoblige
 ! p f tru?1 righte\sness1  & *>ity4#bai
    ,prop4 ,,xv4 ,!re is no "o natural  
or collective head & gov]nor (  all !   
*ur*es 9 ! _w 7! univ]sal *ur*7 b ,jesus
 ,*ri/2  & !re=e !re is none t by su*   
gov]n+ p[]1 c  excommunicate any man out

 ( ! univ]sal *ur*2 & su* usurpation    
w\ld be treason aga9/ ,*ri/1 ^:         
pr]ogative x is4#bbj    ,prop4 ,,xvi4   
,yet he t des]ve? to be excommunicat$ f 
"o  *ur*1 des]ve? to be excommunicat$ by
 & f all1 if x be ^u  a cause common to 
all2 or t nullifie? 8 *ri/ianity4#bba   
,prop4 ,,xvii4 ,& :]e neighb\r *ur*es   
are consociate & live 9  ord] & concord1
 he t is ord]ly excommunicate f "o *ur*1
  & x be notifi$ to ! re/1 %\ld n be    
tak5 into ! communion  ( any ( ! re/1   
till he be cle>$1 or become fit = _!    
communion4#bbb ,b ?is obligation arise? 
b f ! concord (  consociate *ur*es1 & n 
f ! p[] ( "o ov] ! re/2 &  x _c rea* all
 ! _w1 :]e ! p]son come? n1 nor 0  ev]  
kn[n2 b only to ^? :o ?r\gh neighb\rhood
 are capable (  j notice1 & ( giv+ or   
d5y+ communion to t p]son4    ,prop4    
,,xviii4 ,f all ?is x is cle>1 t x is n 
ei!r  papi/s alone1 or ,greeks alone1 or
 prote/ants alone1 or any p>ty (        
*ri/ians1 :o are ! univ]sal *ur*1 see+ t
 *ur*  conta9e? all *ri/ians4#bbc ,& t  

revil+ o!rs 7yea1 :ole  nations7 z      
h]etics1 s*ismatics1 & no *ri/ians or   
*ur*es1 w  no m prove ! revil]s to be ! 
only *ur* or *ri/ians1 ?an  want ( love 
w prove a man to be "o ( ,*ri/'s        
disciples1 :o by  love are kn[n to all  
m5 to be 84    ,prop4 ,,xix4 ,x is !re=e
 ! %ameful language ( di/ract$ m51  to  
cry out aga9/ o!r *ri/ian nations1 ,x is
 n y1 b we t  are ! ca?olic or univ]sal 
*ur*4 ,& our %ameful controv]sy1  :i* ( 
!m is ! ca?olic1 is no wis] ?an to "q1  
,:e!r  x be ?is h\se or t :i* is !      
/reet8 ,or ?is /reet or t  :i* is !     
city8 ,or :e!r x be ! kit*51 or ! hall1 
or !  p>l\r :i* is ! h\se8 ,or ! h&1 or 
foot1 or eye :i* is !  man8 ,o :5 w ,god
 br+ di/ract+ tea*]s to rep5tance1 &    
di/ract$ p to _! wits8#bbd    ,prop4    
,,xx4 ,!re is great diff]5ce 9 ! purity 
or s\ndness (  ! sev]al p>ts ( !        
univ]sal *ur*2 "s be+ m or?odox  & holy1
 & "s defil$ ) s _m errors & s9s1 z to  
make x  difficult to disc]n :e!r !y d n 
d5y ! v ess5tials4#bbe    ,prop4 ,,xxi4 

,! re=m$ *ur*es are ! s\nde/ & pure/ t  
we  "k 9 ! _w1 & !re=e _! privilege     
exce$+ great1  ?\gh !y are n all !      
univ]sal *ur*4    ,prop4 ,,xxii4        
,p>ticul> *ur*es consi/+ ( lawful pa/ors
 &  *ri/ian p associat$ = p]sonal       
communion 9 wor%ip & holy  liv+1 are    
societies or true *ur*es ( ,*ri/'s      
in/itution1 &  ! *ief p>ts ( ! univ]sal 
*ur*2 z cities & corporations  are ( !  
k+dom4#bbf    ,prop4 ,,xxiii4 ,!re are  
?\s&s ( ^! 9 ! _w1 & a man  may be sav$ 
9 "o1 z well z 9 ano!r2 only ! pure/    
give him  ! be/ advantages = 8          
salvation2 & !re=e %\ld be  pref]r$ by  
all t are wise & love _! s\ls1 s f> z !y
  are free to *oose _! communion4       
,prop4 ,,xxiv4 ,! case !n be+ easily    
resolv$1 7:i* is ! true  *ur*87 viz4    
,all *ri/ians z *ri/ians are ! ca?olic  
or  univ]sal *ur*2#bbg & all            
congregations a=e describ$1 ( true      
pa/ors & *ri/ians1 be+ p>ticul> true    
*ur*es1 diff]+ only  9 degrees ( purity1
 he is to be suspect$ z a design+       

deceiv]  & tr\bl] ( ! _w1 t pret5d+ to  
be a le>n$ man & a  tea*]1 do? /ill     
p]plex ! consci5ces ( ! ignorant ) ?is  
frivol\s "q1 & w\ld muddy & obscure ?is 
cle> /ate (  ! case1 le/ ! p %\ld re/ 9 
! disc]n$ tru?4    ,prop4 ,,xxv4 ,!     
papal *ur* z su*1 be+ no true *ur* (    
,*ri/'s in/itution1 7( :i* by itself    
anon17 x foll[e? t a  papi/ z a papi/ is
 no memb] ( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/1 t is1 no    
*ri/ian4#bbh ,b yet1 :e!r ! same p]son  
may n be a papi/  & a *ri/ian1 & s a    
memb] ( ! ca?olic *ur*1 we %all anon    
inquire4    ,prop4 ,,xxvi4 ,!re are _m  
?+s :i* make up ! fitness &             
desirabl5ess ( t p>ticul> *ur*1 :i* we  
%\ld pref] or  *oose = our ord9>y       
p]sonal communion3#bbi z1 #a4 ,t x be ! 
*ur* ( t place :]e we dwell2 if ! place 
be s happy z to  h no divid$ *ur*es1 t x
 be ! sole *ur* !re2 h[ev]1  t x be s   
ne> z to be fit = our communion4 #b4 ,t 
x be a  *ur* :i* holde? communion ) o!r 
neighb\r *ur*es1 & is  n s+ul> or divid$
 f !m2 or at lea/ n f ! g5]ality  ( !   

*ur*es ( ,*ri/2 nor diff]e? 9 any great 
matt]s f  ^? t are mo/ pure4 #c4 ,t x be
 "u ! reputation (  s\ndness ) ! o!r    
*ur*es a=esaid1 & n "u ! sc&al  ( h]esy1
 s*ism1 or gross corruption among ^? t  
live  ab\t4#bcj #d4 ,t x be "u !        
c\nt5ance & enc\rag+ fav\r  ( ! *ri/ian 
magi/rate4 #e4 ,t x be ! same *ur* ( :i*
  ! re/ ( ! family :i* we are ( be      
memb]s2 t husb& &  wife1 p>5ts & *ildr51
 ma/]s & s]vants1 be n ( sev]al  *ur*es4
 #f4 ,t ! pa/ors be able tea*]s1 prud5t 
guides1 &  ( holy lives1 & dilig5t 9 _! 
(fice4 #g4 ,t ! pa/ors be  regul>ly     
call$ to _! (fice4 #h4 ,t ! memb]s be   
intellig5t1  peaceable1 & ( holy1       
temp]ate1 & righte\s lives4 ,b :5 all   
^! _c be _h toge!r1 we mu/ *oose t *ur* 
:i* ha?  ^? qualifications :i* are mo/  
ne$ful1 & be> ) tol]able  imp]fections4 
,! mo/ ne$ful are ! fir/1 second1 & six?
 (  ^! qualifications4    ,prop4        
,,xxvii4 ,he t is free1 %\ld *oose t    
*ur* :i* is !  fitte/ = 8 own           
edification2 t is1 ! be/ pa/ors1 p1  &  

adm9i/rations4    ,prop4 ,,xxviii4 ,a   
man's fre$om is _m ways re/ra9$ h]e94   
,z1 #a4  ,:5 x w t5d to a great] public 
hurt1 by disord]1 ill example1          
division1 disc\ragem5t1 c4 #b4 ,:5      
sup]iors =bid x2 z  husb&s1 p>5ts1      
ma/]s1 magi/rates4 #c4 ,by "s sc&al4 #d4
 ,by !  di/ance or inconv5i5ce ( our    
dwell+4 #e4 ,by diff]5ces (  judgm5t1 & 
o!r causes ( cont5tion 9 ! said *ur*es2 
&  _m o!r ways4#bca    ,prop4 ,,xxix4 ,a
 free man :o remove? f "o *ur* to ano!r 
=  8 edification1 is n !re=e a sep>ati/ 
or s*ismatic2 b x  mu/ n be done by "o t
 is n free1 b ^u su* necessity z  free? 
him4    ,prop4 ,,xxx4 ,x is s*ism or    
s9ful sep>ation to sep>ate f1 #a4 ,a    
true *ur* z no true *ur*4 #b4 ,f lawful 
wor%ip & communion1  z lawful2 b ( ?is m
 9 its prop] place4    #bjf #a ,cor4 xi4
 #c2 xii4 #ab2 ,eph4 i4 #bb1 #bc2 #a    
,cor4 vi4 #ae2 xii4 #bg4    #bjg ,eph4  
iv4 #d1 #e2 ,matt4 xxviii4 #ai1 #bj4    
#bjh ,eph4 iv4 #d1 #e2 #a ,cor4 xii4    
#ab2 ,m>k xvi4 #af4    #bji ,rom4 xiv4  

#a1 #f1 #g2 xv4 #a1 #c1 #d4    #baj #a  
,cor4 xv4 #a1 #b1 c42 ,matt4 xxviii4    
#ai1 #bj4    #baa ,rom4 xiv4 #c1 #d4    
#bab ,rom4 vi4 #a1 #b1 c4    #bac ,eph4 
iv4 #d1 #e4    #bad ,tit4 iii4 #aj2 #c  
,john4    #bae ,james iii4 #b2 ,phil4   
iii4 #ae1 #af2 ,heb4 v4 #a1 #b4    #baf 
,tit4 iii4 #aj2 ,matt4 xviii4 #ae4      
#bag ,ezek4 xviii4 #ag2 ,g54 xviii4     
#bc-be4    #bah #a ,cor4 x4 #ae2 ,acts  
i4 #ai2 #a ,cor4 v4 #c-e2 xi4 #c4       
#bai ,matt4 v4 #aa1 #ab2 ,john xvi4 #b4 
#bbj #a ,cor4 xii4 #bg-bi2 ,eph4 iv4    
#e-g2 #a ,cor4 i4 #ab1 #ac2 iii4 #bb1   
#bc2  ,eph4 v4 #bc2 iv4 #ae2 ,col4 i4   
#ah2 ii4 #ai4    #bba #c ,john4    #bbb 
,eph4 v4 #aa2 #a ,cor4 v4 #aa4    #bbc  
#a ,cor4 xii4 #ab2 ,john xiii4 #ce2 #a  
,cor4 xiii4 #a1 #b1 c4    #bbd #a ,cor4 
xii4 #ab2 vi4 #ag2 x4 #ag2 ,eph4 iv4 #c1
 c4    #bbe ,gal4 iv4 #aa1 #ab4    #bbf 
,rev4 iii4 #h-ab2 ii4 #aj1 #aa2 ,acts   
xiv4 #bb2 ,tit4 i4 #e2 ,rom4 xvi4  #d1  
#af2 #a ,cor4 vii4 #ag2 xi4 #af2 xiv4   
#cc1 #dd2 #b ,!ss4 i4 #d2 ,rev4 ii4     

#bc4    #bbg #a ,cor4 i4 #ac2 ,rom4 xvi4
 #ag2 ,acts xx4 #cj4    #bbh ,acts ii4  
#dd2 #a ,cor4 i4 #aj2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab1  
#ac4    #bbi ,heb4 x4 #be2 #a ,tim4 iii4
 #g2 #c ,john #ab4    #bcj ,acts xvi4   
#cb1 #cd2 x4 #b1 #bb2 xviii4 #h2 ,col4  
iv4 #ae4    #bca ,( ^! ?+s ,i h said s  
mu* 9 my ,cure ( ,*ur*  divisions1 & 9 !
 ,def5ce ( x1 & 9 ! end ( my ,reas4 (   
,*ri/4 ,relig4 ,consect4 i4 & ii4 t ,i  
pass !m ov] "h )  ! m brevity4          
,que/4 ,,ii4 ,:e!r we mu/ e/eem ! *ur* (
 ,rome a true *ur*8  ,& 9 :at s5se "s   
div9es affirm x1 & "s d5y x4    ,want ( 
"s easy di/+ui%+ ha? made t seem a      
controv]sy  "h1 :i* is s pla91 t x c    
h>dly be any at all to  prote/ants1 if !
 "q _h be5 b truly /at$4#bcb    ,rememb]
 !re=e t by a *ur* is meant1 n a m]e    
company (  *ri/ians1 any h[ relat$ to   
ea* o!r2 b a society consi/+ (  an      
ecclesia/ical head & body1 su* z we call
 a political society4  #b4 ,& t we speak
 n ( an accid5tal head 7su* z ! k+ is1  
because he gov]ne? !m suo modo by !     

sword72 = t is n an  ess5tial           
con/itutive "p2 b ( a con/itutive       
ecclesia/ical head  & body4 #c4 ,t ! "q 
is n1 ,:e!r ! *ur* ( ,rome be a  "p ( ! 
*ur*1 b :e!r x be a true *ur*8 ,& n[ ,i 
answ]1    #a4 ,to affirm ! *ur* ( ,rome 
to be ! ca?olic or univ]sal  *ur*1 is m 
?an to affirm x to be a true ca?olic    
*ur*1 t  is1 a true "p ( ! ca?olic *ur*3
 & is z mu* z to say t  x is ! :ole &   
only *ur*1 & t !re is no o!r2 :i* is    
odi\s falsehood & usurpation1 & sl&]    
aga9/ all o!r  *ur*es4    #b4 ,! *ur* ( 
,rome is s call$ 9 ! "q1 z x is a policy
  or *ur* 9 a g5]al s5se2 & ! mean+ ( ! 
"q is1  ,:e!r x be a div9e1 or a human  
or diabolical policy2 a lawful  *ur*4   
#c4 ,! *ur* ( ,rome is consid]$1 #a4    
,=mally1 z a *ur* or  policy4 #b4       
,mat]ially1 z ! s+ul> p]sons are        
qualifi$4 ,x is  ! =m t d5om9ate?4      
,!re=e ! "q mu/ be tak5 (  ! ,roman     
policy1 or ( ! *ur* ( ,rome z su*2 t is1
 z x is  "o rul] pret5d+ to be !        
vic>i\s1 con/itutive1 gov]n+ head  ( all

 ,*ri/'s visible *ur* on e>?1 & ! body  
:i* owne? him  9 ?is relation4    #d4   
,!re=e ,i conclude 7& s d all           
prote/ants7 t ?is policy  or *ur* (     
,rome is no true *ur* ( ,*ri/'s in/itut+
 or  approbation1 b a human1 s9ful      
policy1 =m$ by ! temptation (  ,satan1 !
 pr9ce ( pride1 deceit1 & d>kness4 ,!   
pro( ( :i*  is ! matt] ( :ole loads (   
prote/ant writ+s4 ,& inde$ !  pro( ( _! 
policy be+ incumb5t on !mselves1 !y fail
 9 x1  & are /ill fa9 to fly to pret5d$1
 false tradition = pro(1 9  :i* !       
sophi/]s "k t ei!r !y mu/ be judges     
!mselves1  & x mu/ g = tru? because !y  
say x2 or else t if !y c  c>ry !        
controv]sy into a ?icket or wood ( fa!rs
 & *ur*  hi/ory1 at lea/ !y c conf\nd ! 
ignorant1 & evade  !mselves4 ,( ?is see 
my ,disput4 ) ,johnson1 & my ,key =     
,ca?olics1 c4    #e4 ,! bi%op ( !       
,engli% papi/s1 ,smi? call$ bi%op (     
,*alc$on1 9 8 ,survey1 c4 v4 sai?1 ,to u
 x suffice? t !  bi%op ( ,rome is ,/4   
,pet]'s successor2 & ?is all ! fa!rs    

te/ify1 & all ! ca?olic *ur* believe?2 b
 :e!r x be  jure div9o or humano1 is no 
po9t ( fai?4 ,! l ha?  ,dav5port1#bcc   
call$ ,fransc4 a ,sancta ,cl>a m l>gely4
 ,by ?is  let ! read] judge :e!r we ne$ 
m words to prove _! *ur*  to be su* z   
,*ri/ nev] in/itut$1 :5 ! belief ( _!   
div9e  "r is no "p ( _! own fai?4    #f4
 ,if ! *ur* ( ,rome 9 its =mal policy be
 b ( human  in/itution1 x is1 #a4       
,unnecess>y to salvation4 #b4 ,unlawful2
 because  !y t fir/ in/itut$ x _h no    
au?ority s to d1 & 7  usurp]s4 ,= ei!r !
 mak]s ( x 7 !mselves a *ur* or no      
*ur*4 ,if no *ur*1 !y c\ld n lawfully   
make a *ur*4 ,infidels  or hea!ns are n 
to be our *ur* mak]s4 ,if a *ur*1 !n !re
  0 a *ur* be=e ! *ur* ( ,rome1 & t (   
ano!r =m4 ,&  if t =m] =m 7 ( ,*ri/'s   
in/itution1 man might n *ange  x2 if n1 
:o made t =m8 & s on4    #g4 ,our div9es
 !re=e t say t ! *ur* ( ,rome is a true 
*ur*1 ?\gh corrupt1 d n speak ( x =mally
 z to ! papal  policy or head%ip1 b     
mat]ially4 #a4 ,t all papi/s t are      

visible *ri/ians are visible p>ts ( !   
univ]sal *ur*4 #b4 ,t  _! p>ticul>      
congregations consid]$ ab/ract$ly f !   
,roman  head%ip may be true p>ticul>    
*ur*es1 ?\gh corrupt2 :i* yet  be+ !    
only difficulty %all be ! matt] ( our   
next inquiry4    #bcb ,see ,mr4 ,b>ton's
 & ,bp4 ,hall's conte/ h]eab\ts4    #bcc
 ,sy/em4 ,fidei4      ,que/4 ,,iii4     
,:e!r we mu/ take ! ,romi% cl]gy = true 
m9i/]s  ( ,*ri/8 ,& :e!r _! baptism &   
ord9ation be nullities8    ,i jo9 ^! two
 di/9ct que/ions toge!r = brevity4      
,i4 ,z true signifie? regul>ly call$1 s 
!y are commonly irregul>  & n true      
m9i/]s4 ,b z true signifie? real oppos$ 
to a  nullity1 s x is n[ to be fur!r    
consid]$4    ,! d\bt lie? ei!r ( !      
suffici5cy ( 8 call1 or ( some:at  t is 
suppos$ to de/roy x by contradiction or 
r$undancy4 #a4  ,:e!r he want any ?+ (  
absolute necessity to ! (fice1 :o is    
call$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,rome8 or1 #b4 ,:e!r   
!re be any ?+ 9 8  (fice or entrance1   
:i* nullifie? or invalidate? t :i* else 

w\ld be suffici5t8    ,= ! fir/ d\bt1 x 
is n agre$ on among papi/s or prote/ants
  :at is ( necessity to ! be+ ( ! (fice4
 ,"s ?9k real  godl9ess 9 ! p]son is    
necess>y2 b mo/ ?9k n4 ,"s ?9k  t       
visible1 t is1 seem+ pr(ess$ godl9ess1 n
 disprov$ by  mortal s91 is necess>y2 & 
"s ?9k n4 ,"s ?9k ! p's  election is    
necess>y1 & t ord9ation is b ad b5e     
esse2 &  "s ?9k ord9ation necess>y ad   
esse1 & election ad b5e  esse1 or n at  
all2 & "s ?9k bo? necess>y ad esse1 &   
"s nei!r4 ,"s ?9k ! election ( ! p is   
necess>y1 &  "s ?9k only _! cons5t is   
necess>y1 ?\gh aft] election by  o!rs2  
"s ?9k x mu/ be ! cons5t ( all ! flock1 
or ne>  all2 & "s only ( ! major "p2 &  
"s ( ! bett] "p1  ?\gh ! m9or4 ,"s ?9k !
 ord9ation ( a diocesan bi%op  necess>y 
ad esse1 & "s n4 ,"s ?9k ! tru? ( !     
orda9]s' call+1 or p[]1 to be necess>y  
to ! validity ( 8  ord9ation1 & "s n4   
,"s ?9k ! numb] ( two1 or ?ree1 or  m   
orda9]s to be necess>y1 & "s n4 ,"s ?9k 
x necess>y  to ! validity ( ! m9i/ry t x

 come d[n f ! apo/les by  an un9t]rupt$ 
succession ( truly orda9$ bi%ops1 & "s  
?9k  n4 ,"s few ?9k t ! magi/rates'     
comm& or lic5ce is  necess>y1 & only x1 
& mo/ d5y bo?4 ,johnson1 alias ,t]ret1 !
  papi/1 9 8 ,disputation aga9/ me1     
ma9ta9e? t consecration  is n necess>y  
ad esse1 nor any "o way ( election1 by  
^! or  ^?1 b only ! *ur*'s reception ^u 
su* an election z may  give !m notice1 &
 :i* may be diff]5t1 accord+ to diff]5t 
times1 places1 & o!r circum/ances4    ,9
 ! mid/ ( ^! confusions1 :at is to be   
held8 ,i h op5$  ! case z fully & pla9ly
 z ,i c1 9 my second ,disput4 (  ,*ur*  
,gov]nm5t1 ab\t ord9ation1 to :i* ,i mu/
 ref] !  read]3 only "h briefly t\*+ ^u 
! sum4    #a4 ,!re are "s p]sonal       
qualifications necess>y to ! be+ (  !   
(fice1 7( :i* anon17 & "s only to !     
well-be+4#bcd    #b4 ,! effici5t convey+
 cause ( p[] or (fice1 is ,god's w      
signifi$ 9 8 own e/abli%$ law2 9 :i* he 
det]m9e? t  su* p]sons s call$ %all     
receive f him su* p[]1 & be  oblig$ to  

su* (fice adm9i/rations4#bce    #c4 ,any
 provid5ce ( ,god :i* infallibly or     
satisfactorily notifie?  to ! *ur*1 :o  
^! p]sons are1 t receive su* p[] f      
,god1 do? oblige !m to submit to !m z s 
emp[]$4    #d4 ,god's ord9>y e/abli%$   
way ( regul> designation ( !  p]son1 is 
by ! *ur*'s cons5t1 & ! s5ior pa/or's   
ord9ation4    #e4 ,by ^! actions !y are 
n ! prop] donors or effici5ts (  ! p[]1 
or (fice giv51 b ! cons5t ( ! p & !     
ord9ation d det]m9e ( ! recipi5t1 & s   
are regul>ly causa  s9e qua non ( 8     
reception4 ,& ! ord9ation is moreov] a  
solemn inve/iture 9 ! (fice1 z :5 a     
s]vant is s5t by  deliv]+ a key to      
deliv] possession ( a h\se1 by 8 ma/]'s 
cons5t1 to him t _h be=e ! own]'s grant2
 & s x  c]emoni\sly ent]e? him into     
visible possession2 l !  solemniz+ (    
m>riage1 or ! li/+ ( a soldi]1 c4    #f4
 ,! p's cons5t 7be=e or aft]7 is n only 
by in/itution1  b naturally necess>y1 t 
a man become a pa/or to ^? p]sons  7= no
 man c le>n1 obey1 c4 )\t cons5t73 b x  

is n (  necessity to ! be+ ( ! m9i/ry 9 
g5]al1 or 9 ! fir/  in/ant3 a man )\t x 
may be au?oriz$ z a m9i/] to g prea*  ! 
gospel = conv]sion1 & baptize & ga!r    
*ur*es1 ?\gh n  to be _! /at$ pa/or4    
#g4 ,:5 dea?1 di/ance1 corruption1      
h]esy1 or malignity ( pa/ors  )9 rea*1  
make? x impossible to h ord9ation1      
,god's *oice (  ! p]son may be notifi$  
)\t x3 z by1 #a4 ,em95t  qualifications4
 #b4 ,! p's real necessities4 #c4 ,& !  
removal  ( imp$im5ts1 & a concurr5ce (  
invit+ opportunities &  advantages4 #d4 
,& sometimes ! p's desire4 #e4 ,&       
sometimes !  magi/rate's commission or  
cons5t2 :i* ?\gh n absolutely  necess>y 
9 !mselves1 yet may s]ve to design !    
p]son & inve/  him1 :5 ! ord9>y way     
faile?2 :i* is all t is left to man  to 
d1 to ! conveyance ( ! p[]4    ,! case  
be+ ?us /at$1 z to :at is necess>y to   
give ! p[]  or (fice1 we may next       
inquire :e!r any papi/ prie/ h su*  p[]1
 by su* means4    ,&1 #a4 ,we h         
suffici5t reason to judge t _m ( !m h   

all  ! p]sonal qualifications :i* are   
ess5tially necess>y4 #b4 ,_m  among !m h
 ! cons5t ( a sob] *ri/ian p 7( :i* m   
anon74 ,& ,mr4 ,jacob1 :o 0 aga9/ bi%ops
 & _! ord9ation1  prove? at l>ge1 t by  
election or cons5t ( ! p alone1 a  man  
may be a true pa/or1 ei!r )\t su*       
ord9ation1 or  not)/&+ bo? ! vanity &   
error ( x4 #c4 ,_m ( !m h  ord9ation by 
able & sob] bi%ops2 if t also be        
necess>y4 #d4 ,9  t ord9ation1 !y are   
inve/$ 9 all t is ess5tial to !  pa/oral
 (fice4    ,s t ,i see n t _! call+ is a
 nullity ?r\gh defect (  any ?+ (       
absolute necessity to its be+ &         
validity2 ?\gh x  be _m ways irregul> & 
s9ful4    ,,ii4 ,we are next !re=e to   
inquire :e!r any contradict+  additions 
make null t :i* else w\ld be no nullity4
 ,& ?is is  ! great difficulty4 ,= z we 
accuse n _! religion = hav+  too little1
 b too mu*1 s ?is is our *ief d\bt ab\t 
_!  m9i/ry4    ,&1 #a4 ,x is d\bt$1 z to
 ! (fice itself1 :e!r a mass prie/  be a
 true m9i/]1 z hav+ ano!r "w to d1 ev5  

to make 8  ,mak]1 & to give ,*ri/'s real
 fle% ) 8 h&s to ! p2  & to prea* !     
uns\nd doctr9es ( _! *ur*2 & ^! seem to 
be ess5tial p>ts ( 8 function4    ,!    
case is v bad & sad2 b t :i* ,i said    
ab\t ! h]esies  or errors :i* may consi/
 ) *ri/ianity1 :5 !y ov]?r[ x  b by an  
undisc]n$ consequ5ce1 mu/ be "h also    
consid]$4 ,!  prime "p ( _! (fice is t  
7z to ! ess5tials7 :i* ,*ri/  orda9$3   
?is !y receive1 & to ?is !y sew a fil?y 
rag (  man's devis+2 b if !y knew ?is to
 be inconsi/5t )  *ri/ianity or !       
ess5tials ( ! m9i/ry1 we may well       
presume  7( _m ( !m7 !y w\ld n receive  
x4 ,!re=e z an error  :i* consequ5tially
 contradicte? "s ess5tial article (     
fai?1  nullifie? n 8 *ri/ianity :o fir/ 
& fa/e/ holde? !  fai?1 & w\ld ca/ away 
! error if he saw ! contradiction1 7z   
,dav5ant1 ,morton1 & ,hall h %[$1 ,epi/4
 ,conciliat47 s is x to  be said z to   
practical error 9 ! pres5t case4 ,!y are
 _!  griev\s errors & s9s1 b1 = aught ,i
 see1 d n nullify _!  (fice to ! *ur*4  

,z a mass prie/1 he is no m9i/] ( ,*ri/ 
7z an anabapti/ is n z a re-baptiz]1 nor
 a sep>ati/ z a  sep>at]1 nor an        
ant9omian1 or any errone\s p]son1 z a   
prea*]  ( t error72 b z a *ri/ian pa/or 
orda9$ to prea* !  gospel1 baptize1     
adm9i/] ! ,"l's supp]1 pray1 praise     
,god1 guide  ! *ur*1 he may be4    ,!   
same answ] s]ve? to ! objection z x     
ext5de? to !  errone\s doctr9es :i* !y  
prea*1 :i* are b by consequ5ce  aga9/ ! 
ess5tials ( religion4    #b4 ,b x is a  
great] d\bt1 ,:e!r any p[] ( ! m9i/ry c 
be  convey$ by anti*ri/1 or f him8 &    
:e!r ,god w own any (  anti*ri/'s       
adm9i/rations8 ,!re=e see+ !y pr(ess    
!mselves  to h no (fice b :at !y receive
 f ! pope1 & ,*ri/  dis[n+ 8 usurpation1
 ! same man _c be ! m9i/] (  ,*ri/ &    
anti*ri/2 z ! same man _c be an (fic] 9 
!  k+'s army & 8 enemies'4    ,b ?is w h
 ! same solution z ! =m]4 ,if ?is       
anti*ri/  7 ! op51 pr(ess$ enemy to     
,*ri/1 !n all ?is 7 true3  because _!   
corrupt additions w\ld n by d>k         

consequ5ces1 b s  directly conta9 !     
d5ial ( *ri/ianity or ! true m9i/ry1 t  
x 7 n possible to hold bo?4 ,b 7z our   
div9es commonly note7  anti*ri/ is to   
sit 9 ! temple ( ,god1 & ! pope's       
treason is  "u pret5ce ( ! greate/      
s]vice & fri5d%ip to ,*ri/1  mak+       
himself 8 vic>-g5]al )\t 8 commission4  
,s !y t  receive p[] f him1 d ?9k him to
 be ,*ri/'s vic> inde$1 &  s r5\nce n   
,*ri/1 b pr(ess _! fir/ & *ief relation 
to  be to him1 & dep5d5ce on him1 & t !y
 w\ld h no?+ to  d ) ! pope1 if !y knew 
him to be aga9/ ,*ri/4 ,& "s (  !m      
write1 t ! p[] or (fice is imm$iately f 
,*ri/1 &  t ! pope1 orda9]s1 & electors 
d b design ! p]son t  %all receive x    
7because else !y "k n :at to say ( !    
election & consecration ( ! pope        
himself1 :o ha? no sup]ior74  ,& !      
,spani% bi%ops 9 ! c\ncil ( ,tr5t held s
 close to ?is1  t ! re/ 7 fa9 to leave x
 undet]m9$2 s t x is no  "p ( _!        
religion1 b a d\btful op9ion1 ,:e!r !   
p[] (  bi%ops be d]iv$ f ! pope1 ?\gh !y

 be gov]n$ by him8    ,b z to ! o!r1 !  
case seeme? l ?is3 if a subject 9       
,irel& usurp ! lieut5ancy1 & tell all ! 
p t he ha?  ! k+'s commission to be 8   
lieut5ant1 & comm& all to submit  to    
him1 & receive _! places f him1 & obey  
him2 & ! k+  decl>e? him a traitor1     
7antec$5tly only by ! description ( 8   
laws17 & make? x ! duty ( ! subjects to 
r5\nce him2 ^?  n[ t "k ! k+'s w1 & yet 
adh]e to ! usurp]1 ?\gh  !y "k t ! k+ is
 aga9/ x1 are traitors ) him3 b  ^? f   
:om he keepe? ! k ( ! laws1 & :o = want 
( full in=mation believe him to be      
really ! k+'s lieut5ant1  7& specially  
liv+ :]e all believe x17 b yet w\ld     
r5\nce  him if !y knew t he _h n ! k+'s 
commission2 ^! are !  k+'s subjects1    
?\gh 9 ignorance !y obey a usurp]4 ,& on
 ?is  acc\nt x is t ,ar*bi%op ,u%]      
conclud$1 t an ignorant papi/  might be 
sav$1 b ! le>n$ h>dly4 ,b :5 ! le>n$1   
?r\gh  ! disadvantages ( _! education1  
are "u ! same ignorance1  be+ le>n$ b on
 "o side b to _! great] s$uction1 ! case

  may be ! same4    ,! same man !re=e   
may receive an (fice f ,*ri/1 :o yet    
ignorantly submitte? to ! pope1 &       
receive? corrupt additions  f him4    ,b
 suppose ,i be mi/ak5 9 all ?is1 yet to 
come to ! second  "q1    ,,iii4 ,:e!r   
baptism & ord9ation giv5 by !m be       
nullities8 ,i  answ]1 no2 on a fur!r    
acc\nt1 #a4 ,because t ! m9i/ry :i*  is 
a nullity to ! receiv]1 7t is1 ,god w   
puni% him z a  usurp]17 may yet p]=m ^? 
m9i/]ial acts :i* are no  nullities to !
 *ur*4#bcf ,else h[ confus$ a case w\ld 
all  *ur*es be 96 ,= x is h>d ev] to "k 
:e!r m9i/]s h all  ?+s ess5tial to _!   
(fice4 ,suppose a man be ignorant1 or a 
h]etic aga9/ "s ess5tial article ( fai?2
 or suppose t he  feign$ ord]s (        
ord9ation :5 he _h none2 or t he 0      
orda9$  by su* z really _h no p[] to d  
x2 or suppose he pret5d$ !  cons5t ( !  
majority ( ! p1 :5 really ! great] "p  7
 = ano!r3 if all ?is be unkn[n1 8       
baptiz+ & o!r  adm9i/rations are n !reby
 made nullities to ! *ur*1 ?\gh  !y be  

s9s 9 him4 ,! reason is1 because t !    
*ur* %all n  suff]1 nor lose h] "r =    
ano!r man's s96 ,:5 ! fault is  n !irs1 
! loss & puni%m5t %all n be !irs4 ,he t 
is  f\nd 9 possession ( ! place1 p]=me? 
valid adm9i/ration to  !m t "k n 8      
usurpation1 & are n guilty ( x4 ,o!rwise
  we %\ld nev] h done re-baptiz+1 nor "k
 easily :5 we  receive any valid        
adm9i/rations1 :ile we are s disagre$   
ab\t !  necess>ies ( ! (fice & call2 &  
:5 x is s h>d 9 all  ?+s to judge ( !   
call ( all o!r m54    #b4 ,& z ! papi/s 
say1 t a private man or woman may       
baptize 9  extremity1 s _m le>n$        
prote/ants ?9k1 t ?\gh a private  man's 
baptism be a s91 yet x is no nullity1   
?\gh he 7 kn[n to  be no m9i/]4    ,&   
:at is said ( baptism1 to avoid         
t$i\sness1 y may suppose  said (        
ord9ation1 :i* w c>ry ! fir/ case f>1 z 
to !  validity ( ! m9i/ry receiv$ by    
papi/s' ord9ation1 z well z  ( baptism &
 visible *ri/ianity receiv$ by !m4 ,= my
 "p1 ,god  us$ ,p>son's ,book (         

,resolution correct$1 s mu* to my good1 
&  ,i h kn[n s _m em95t *ri/ians1 & "s  
m9i/]s1 conv]t$  by x1 t ,i am glad t ,i
 he> none make a controv]sy ( x1  :e!r !
 conv]sion1 fai?1 or love to ,god be    
valid1 :i* we  receive by ! books or    
means ( any papi/8    #bcd ,eph4 iv4    
#f-aa4    #bce ,matt1 xxviii4 #aa1 #bj2 
,tit4 i4 #e2 ,acts xx4 #bh2 xiv4 #bc2 #a
 ,pet4 v4  #b4    #bcf ,matt4 vii4      
#bc-be2 ,phil4 i4 #ae-ag2 ,m>k ix4 #dj4 
,que/4 ,,iv4 ,:e!r x be necess>y to     
believe t ! pope is !  anti*ri/8    ,x  
is "o "q1 :e!r he be anti*ri/8 & ano!r1 
:e!r x  be necess>y to believe x8 ,to ! 
fir/ ,i say1 #a4 ,!re are _m  anti*ri/s3
 & we mu/ remove ! ambiguity ( ! "n1    
be=e we  c resolve ! "q4 ,if by anti*ri/
 be meant1 "o t usurps  ! (fice ( a     
univ]sal vic> ( ,*ri/1 & con/itut+ &    
gov]n+ head ( ! :ole visible *ur*1 &    
h]eby laye? !  gr\nd ( s*isms1 &        
cont5tions1 & blood%$ 9 ! _w1 &  w\ld   
rob ,*ri/ ( all 8 memb]s1 :o are n ( !  
pope's  k+dom1 & t =me? a multif>i\s    

m9i/ry = ?is s]vice1  & corrupte? mu* ( 
! doctr9e1 wor%ip1 & discipl9e ( !      
*ur*1 9 ?is s5se no d\bt b ! pope is    
anti*ri/4    ,b if by anti*ri/ be meant 
him p>ticul>ly describ$ 9 !  ,apocalypse
 & ,!ssalonians1 !n ! controv]sy de re1 
is ab\t  ! exposition ( ^? d>k          
prophecies4 ,( :i* ,i c say no m  b ?is1
 #a4 ,t if ! pope be n he1 he _h ill    
luck to be s l  him4 #b4 ,t ,dr4 ,m's   
moral argum5ts1 & ,bi%op ,d[nham's & _m 
o!rs' expository argum5ts1 are su* z ,i 
_c answ]4 #c4 ,b yet  my skill is n s   
great 9 int]pret+ ^? obscure prophecies1
 z  t ,i c say1 ,i am sure t x is ! pope
 t !y speak (1 &  t ,lyra1 le>n$ ,zan*y1
 & o!rs t ?9k x is ,mahomet1 or  o!rs t 
o!rwise int]pret !m1 7 mi/ak54    ,,ii4 
,b to ! second "q1 ,i m boldly say1 #a4 
,t e "o  t inde$ kn[e? ?is to be ! s5se 
( ^? texts1 is b\nd to  believe x4      
#b4 ,b t ,god1 :o ha? n made x (        
necessity to salvation to  und]/& _m    
hundr$ pla9] texts1 nor absolutely to   
und]/&  m ?an ! articles & fundam5tals (

 our religion1 ha? mu*  less made x     
necess>y to salvation to und]/& ! d>ke/ 
prophecies4    #c4 ,& t z ! suspicion   
%\ld make all *ri/ians cautel\s :at  !y 
receive f ,rome1 s ! obscurity %\ld make
 all *ri/ians  take he$1 t !y draw f x  
no consequ5ces de/ructive to love1  or  
ord]1 or any tru?1 or *ri/ian duty4 ,&  
?is is ! advice ,i  give to all4        
,que/4 ,v4 ,:e!r we mu/ hold t a papi/  
may be sav$8    ,?is "q may be resolv$  
easily f :at is said be=e4    #a4 ,a    
papi/ z a papi/1 t is1 by pop]y1 w nev] 
be sav$1 no  m ?an a man's life by a    
leprosy4    #b4 ,if a papi/ be sav$1 he 
mu/ be sav$ aga9/1 & f pop]y1  ei!r by  
turn+ f ! op9ion1 & !n he is no papi/1  
or by  pres]v+ 8 he>t f ! p[] ( 8 own   
op9ions4#bcg ,& !  same we may say ( e  
error & s94 ,he t is sav$1 mu/ be  sav$ 
f x1 at lea/ f ! p[] ( x on ! he>t1 & f 
! guilt ( x by =giv5ess4    #c4 ,e "o t 
is a true1 s9c]e *ri/ian 9 fai?1 love1 &
  true ob$i5ce1 %all be sav$1 :at error 
soev] he hold t do?  consi/ ) ^!4    #d4

 ,z _m ant9omians & o!r errone\s p]sons1
 d hold ?+s  :i* by consequ5ce subv]t   
*ri/ianity2 & yet n see+ !  inconsi/5ce1
 d hold *ri/ianity fir/ & fa/]1 9 he>t &
  s9c]e practice1 & w\ld r5\nce _! error
 if !y saw !  inconsi/5ce1 s is x ) _m  
papi/s4 ,& t :i* !y hold  fir/1 & fa/e/1
 & practically1 do? save !m f ! p[]1    
op]ations1 & poison ( _! own op9ions3 z 
an antidote or !  /r5g? ( nature may    
save a man f a small quantity ( poison4 
#e4 ,moreov] we h cause to judge t !re  
are millions among !  papi/s1 corrupt$ )
 _m ( _! less] errors1 :o yet hold n  _!
 great]2 t believe n t none are *ri/ians
 b !  pope's subjects1 & t ,*ri/'s k+dom
 & ! pope's are ( !  same ext5t1 or t he
 c remit m5's pa9s 9 ano!r _w1 or  t !  
bread & w9e are no bread & w9e1 or t m5 
m]it (  ,god 9 po9t ( commutative       
ju/ice1 or t we mu/ adore or wor%ip  !  
bread1 or yet ! cross or image itself1  
c4 or t cons5t to  abundance ( ! cl]gy's
 tyrannical usurpations & abuses3 & s   
be+ n prop]ly papi/s1 may be sav$1 if a 

papi/ might n4 ,&  we ! less "k h[ _m or
 few among !m are really ( ! cl]gy's    
religion & m9d1 because by t]ror !y     
re/ra9 m5 f  manife/+ _! judgm5t1 &     
compel !m to comply 9 outw>d  ?+s4      
#f4 ,b z few] t h leprosies1 or plagues1
 or t take poison1  escape1 ?an ( o!r   
m51 s we h great cause to believe1 t    
mu* few] papi/s are sav$1 ?an su* z     
escape _! errors4 ,&  !re=e all t love  
_! s\ls %\ld avoid !m4    #g4 ,& ! trick
 ( ! papi/s :o p]suade p t !irs is !    
safe/ religion1 because we say t a papi/
 may be sav$1 & !y  say t a prote/ant   
_c1 is s palpable a *eat1 t x %\ld  r   
det] m5 f _! way4 ,= ,god is love2 & he 
t dwelle?  9 love dwelle? 9 ,god2 & all 
m5 mu/ "k u to be ,*ri/'s  disciples1 by
 lov+ "o ano!r2 & he t sai? he love?    
,god1 &  love? n 8 bro!r1 is a li>2 &   
*>ity believe? all ?+s  cr$ible4 ,t     
religion is like/ to be ( ,god :i* is   
mo/  *>itable1 & n t :i* is mo/         
un*>itable1 & malici\s1  & l to ,satan4 
,to conclude1 no man %all be sav$ = be+ 

no papi/1 mu* less =  be+ a papi/4 ,&   
all t are truly holy1 heav5ly1 humble   
lov]s  ( ,god1 & ( ^? t are 8 s]vants1  
%all be sav$4 ,b h[  _m su* are among ! 
papi/s1 ,god only kn[e? :o is _! ,judge4
           99       99       99       99
       99    ,! que/ions :e!r ! ,greeks1
 ,abass9es1 ,ne/orians1 ,euty*ians1     
ant9omians1 anabapti/s1 c4 may be sav$1 
mu/ be all resolv$ z  ?is ( ! papi/s1   
all[+ = ! diff]5t degrees ( _!          
corruption4 ,& !re=e ,i mu/ desire !    
read] to take up )  ?is answ] = all1 &  
excuse me f unnecess>y repetition4    ,z
 = su* disput]s z my antagoni/ ,mr4     
,johnson1 :o insi/e? on  t ( ,tit4 iii4 
#aj1 ,a man t is an h]etic--is condemn$ 
(  himself2 :5 he ha? prov$ t ! ^w      
h]etic ha? b "o  signification1 ,i w say
 z he do?4 ,till !n1 if he w try :o     
%all be damn$ by b>e equivocal words1   
)\t ! def9ition1 let  him take 8 c\rse1 
= ,i w be none ( 8 imitators4    #bcg   
,vid4 ,hun4 ,eccl4 ,rom4 non e/         
*ri/iana3 et ,p]k9s4 ,a papi/  _c g     

beyond a reprobate4      ,que/4 ,,vi4   
,:e!r ^? t are 9 ! *ur* ( ,rome1 are    
b\nd to  sep>ate f x8 ,& :e!r x be      
lawful to g to _! mass or  o!r wor%ip8  
,^! two also = brevity ,i jo9 toge!r4   
,i4 ,to ! fir/1 we mu/ di/+ui% (        
sep>ation3 #a4 ,x is "o ?+  to judge t  
evil :i* is evil1 & sep>ate f x 9       
judgm5t4 #b4  ,x is ano!r ?+ to express 
?is by =be>+ to subscribe1 swe>1  or    
o!rwise approve t evil4 #c4 ,& ano!r ?+ 
to =be>  communion ) !m 9 ! mass & image
 wor%ip1 & gross or kn[n  s9s4 #d4 ,&   
ano!r ?+ to =be> all communion ) !m1 ev5
 z  to baptism & o!r lawful ?+s4 #e4 ,& 
ano!r ?+ to use "s  op5 dete/ations or  
prote/ations aga9/ !m4    #b4 ,& we mu/ 
di/+ui% mu* ( p]sons1 :e!r !y be m9i/]s 
or p1 free or b\nd1 z wives1 *ildr51 c4 
,& n[ ,i answ]1    #a4 ,!re is no "q b x
 is a duty to judge all t evil :i*  is  
evil among ! papi/s or any o!r4    #b4  
,x is ! duty ( all to =be> subscrib+1   
swe>+ to1 or  o!rwise approv+ evil4     
#c4 ,x is ! duty ( all mass prie/s to   

r5\nce t "p ( _!  call+1 & n to adm9i/] 
_! mass1 or any o!r unlawful  ?+4    #d4
 ,x is ! duty ( all private *ri/ians to 
=be> communion 9  ! mass1 because x is a
 k9d ( idolatry1 :ile !y wor%ip apiece  
( bread z ,god2 z also image wor%ip1 &  
all o!r p>ts ( _!  religion1 9 :i* !y   
are put ^u s9 !mselves1 or t :i* is     
notori\s sc&al & symboliz+ ) !m 9 _!    
bread wor%ip1 or  r corruptions ( !     
sub/ance ( ,god's ord9ances4    #e4 ,x  
is _! duty :o h fit opportunity1 7:5 x  
is l to d  m good ?an h>m17 to prote/   
aga9/ ! papal corruptions :]e  !y are1 &
 to decl>e _! dete/ation ( !m4    #f4 ,x
 is ! duty ( ^? t h *ildr5 to be baptiz$
 or  cate*is$1 to make use ( m lawful & 
s\nd m9i/]s1 :5 !y  may be _h1 r ?an ( a
 papi/ prie/4    #g4 ,b 9 case !y _c    
remove1 or enjoy bett]1 ,i ?9k x is     
lawful1 #a4 ,to let su* baptize _!      
*ildr51 r ?an leave !m  unbaptiz$4 #b4  
,to let _! *ildr5 be taught by !m to    
read1 or 9  arts & sci5ces1 or !        
cate*ism1 & common pr9ciples (          

religion1 s !y w mix no dang]\s errors4 
#c4 ,& to he> ^?  ( !m prea*1 :o prea*  
s\ndly & pi\sly 7su* z 7 ,g]rh>d1       
,zutphani5sis1 ,?aul]us1 ,f]us1 & _m m74
 #d4 ,& to read su*  good books z ^! n[ 
m5tion$ h writt54 #e4 ,& to jo9 )  !m 9 
su* pray]s z are s\nd & pi\s1 s !y g no 
fur!r4    #h4 ,& wives1 *ildr51 & su*   
o!r z are b\nd1 & _c  lawfully remove1  
may /ay among !m1 & take up ) ^! helps1 
deal+ fai?fully 9 ab/a9+ f ! re/4       
,,ii4 ,! second "q is answ]$ 9 ?is4     
,only ,i add1 t x is  "o ?+ to be pres5t
 z ,elias 01 9 a way ( opposition to !m2
  or z disputants are1 t op5 _! errors2 
or z a wise man may g  to he> or see :at
 !y d1 )\t compliance1 z we read _!     
books2 & x is ano!r ?+ to jo9 ) !m 9 _! 
s9ful  wor%ip1 or sc&al\sly to enc\rage 
!m 9 x by seem+ s to d4  ,see ,calv4    
contr4 ,nicod4 c4      ,que/4 ,,vii4    
,:e!r ! true call+ ( ! m9i/] by         
ord9ation or  election1 c4 be necess>y  
to ! ess5ce ( ! *ur*8    ,by a *ur* "h  
we mean a political society ( *ri/ians1 

& n  any assembly or community4 ,& no   
d\bt pa/or & flock are !  con/itutive   
p>ts ( su* a *ur*2 & :]e ei!r ( !m are  
notori\sly want+1 x is notori\s t !re is
 no true *ur*4  ,!re=e all ! d\bt is1   
:e!r su* p>ts ( 8 call be  necess>y to !
 be+ ( ! m9i/ry1 or n8 ,& "h we mu/     
conclude1 t ! ^w m9i/ry & *ur* are      
ambigu\s4 ,by a  m9i/] or pa/or is      
meant1 ei!r "o t ,god s f> owne? z to   
accept & ju/ify 8 adm9i/rations z =     
himself1 ev5 8 own  good & salvation2 or
 "o ^: adm9i/rations ,god w own1 accept1
  & bless to ! p4    ,i4 ,9 ! =m] s5se1 
#a4 ,he is no true m9i/] t wante? !     
ess5tial qualifications ( a m9i/]1 viz4 
t ha? n1 7#a47 ,!  und]/&+ & belief (   
all ! ess5tial articles ( fai?1  )\t    
h]esy4 7#b47 ,tol]able ability to tea*  
^! to ! p1  & p]=m ! o!r ess5tials ( 8  
(fice4 7#c47 ,s9c]e  godl9ess1 to d all 
?is 9 love & ob$i5ce to ,god z 8 s]vant1
  9 ord] to life et]nal4 #b4 ,& he is   
?us no true pa/or z to ,god's           
acceptance ( himself1 :o ha? n a lawful 

call+2 t is1 7#a47  ,ord9ation1 :5 x may
 be _h4 7#b47 ,! cons5t or reception ( t
  *ur* ( :i* he pret5de? to be pa/or1   
:i* is /ill necess>y1  & mu/ be _h1 if  
ord9ation _c4    ,,ii4 ,b 9 ! second    
s5se1 he is a pa/or s f> z t ,god w  own
 8 adm9i/rations z to ! p's good1 :o1   
#a4 ,ha?  possession4 #b4 ,& seeme? to  
!m to h necess>y qualifications1  & a   
lawful call1 ?\gh x prove o!rwise1 s be 
x1 x be n  ?r\gh _! wilful fault1 t he  
is culpable1 or !y mi/ak5 9  him4 ,if he
 be n a true believ]1 b an infidel1 or  
h]etic1 he is  no m9i/] z to himself1 t 
is1 ,god w use him z a usurp] t  ha? no 
title3#bch b if he pr(ess to be a       
believ] :5 he is n1  he is a true pa/or 
visibly to ! p2 o!rwise !y c\ld nev]  "k
 :5 !y h a pa/or3 ev5 z real fai? makes 
a real  *ri/ian1 & pr(ess$ fai? makes a 
visible *ri/ian1 s is x z  to ! m9i/ry4 
,if he seem to und]/& ! articles ( fai?1
 &  d n1 or if he seem to h due         
ord9ation :5 he ha? n1 if he  be ^u ?is 
mi/ake accept$ by ! p1 he is a true     

visible  pa/or z to !m1 t is1 z to _!   
duty & b5efit1 ?\gh n  z to himself4    
,yea1 ! p's cons5t to 8 entrance is n   
necess>y ad esse1 nor to 8 relation     
nei!r1 s f> z to ju/ify  himself1 b to 8
 adm9i/rations & to 8 relation1 s f> z  
_! own "r & b5efit are int]e/$ 9 x4 ,s t
 two ?+s  are necess>y to su* a visible 
pa/or z %all p]=m valid  adm9i/rations  
to ! *ur*3 #a4 ,seem+ necess>y          
qualifications &  call+ to x4 #b4       
,possession1 by ! p's reception or      
cons5t to  8 adm9i/rations & relation s 
f> z to _! b5efit4    ,&1 ,,iii4 ,?us   
also we mu/ di/+ui% ( ! ^w *ur*4 ,x is1 
#a4  ,su* an entire *ri/ian society z   
ha? a m9i/] or pa/or ^:  (fice is valid 
z to himself & !m2 or x is su* a society
 only  z ha? a pa/or ^: (fice is valid  
to !m b n to himself4 ,let  u n conf\nd 
! "q de re & de nom9e4 ,^! societies    
diff] z is said4 ,bo? may fitly be call$
 true *ur*es4    ,z x is ) a k+dom :i*  
ha? a rightful pr9ce1 & "o t  ha? a     
usurp]1 s x is "h4 #a4 ,if x h a        

rightful k+ accept$1  x is a k+dom 9 !  
fulle/ s5se4 #b4 ,if x h a usurp]       
accept$  z k+1 x is a k+dom1 b faulty4  
#c4 ,if ! usurp] be only s f>  accept$ z
 t ! p cons5t n to 8 entrance1 no1 nor 8
  relation s z to ju/ify 8 title1 b wi% 
him ca/ out if !y  c\ld procure x2 b yet
 cons5t to receive t protection &       
ju/ice :i* is _! own due f ! possessor1 
& cons5t to 8  relation only ?us f>1 ?is
 is a k+dom truly1 b m defective or     
maim$ ?an ! fir/4 #d4 ,b if ! p d n s   
mu* z receive  him1 nor submit to 8     
adm9i/rations1 he is b a conqu]or1 & n  
a k+1 & x is 79 respect to him7 no k+dom
 7?\gh 9 respect to  "s o!r t ha? title 
& cons5t1 )\t actual possession (  !    
adm9i/ration1 x may be a k+dom74 ,& ?is 
is ! true &  pla9 solution ( ?is "q1 :i*
 want ( di/9ction do?  obscure4    #bch 
,acts i4 #ag2 ,matt4 vii4 #bc4          
,que/4 ,,viii4 ,:e!r s9c]e fai? &       
godl9ess be necess>y to !  be+ ( !      
m9i/ry8 ,& :e!r x be lawful to he> a    
wick$ man1  or take ! sacram5t f him1 or

 take him = a m9i/]8    ,?is "q receive?
 ! v same solution ) ! la/  =ego+1 &    
!re=e ,i ne$ n say mu* m to x4    ,i4 ,!
 fir/ "p is too (t resolv$ mi/ak+ly on  
bo? extremes4  ,"s absolutely say+ t    
godl9ess or fai? is n necess>y to !  be+
 ( ! m9i/ry2 & "s t x is necess>y4      
,:]eas ! true  solution is z a=esaid2   
s9c]e fai? & godl9ess are necess>y to   
make a man a m9i/] s f> z t ,god w own &
 ju/ify him z  s5t by himself1 z to 8   
own duty & b5efit3 = he _c be  int]nally
 & he>tily a *ri/ian pa/or t is no      
*ri/ian1 nor a  m9i/] ( ,god :o is n    
godly1 t is1 is n truly resign$ to      
,god1 obeye? him n & love? him n z ,god4
 ,b yet ! reality  ( ^! are n necess>y  
to make him a visible pa/or1 z to !  p's
 duty & b5efit4    #b4 ,b ! pr(ession ( 
true fai? & godl9ess is necess>y s f>1  
z t )\t x ! p ought n to take him = a   
visible  m9i/] 7z ! pr(ession (         
*ri/ianity is to a visible  *ri/ian74   
#c4 ,& 9 _! *oice !y ought to pref] him 
ct]is p>ibus1  ^: pr(ession is mo/      

cr$ible4    ,object4 ,t :i* make? a     
m9i/] is gifts & a call+1 :i*  are      
di/9ct f grace & real *ri/ianity4 ,answ4
 ,e m9i/]  is a *ri/ian1 ?\gh e *ri/ian 
be n a m9i/] or pa/or3  !re=e he t is a 
visible pa/or mu/ visibly or 9 pr(ession
  h bo?4    ,object4 ,b a man may be a  
*ri/ian1 )\t sav+ grace or  godl9ess4   
,answ4 ,z mu* z he may be godly )\t     
godl9ess4 ,t  is1 he may be visibly a   
*ri/ian & godly1 )\t s9c]e fai? or      
godl9ess1 b n )\t ! pr(ession ( bo?4 ,x 
is n possible  t ! pr(ession (          
*ri/ianity 9 ! ess5tials1 c be )\t  !   
pr(ession ( godl9ess2 = x include? x4   
,,ii4 ,to ! o!r "q ,i answ]1 #a4 ,a man 
t pr(esse?  infidelity or impiety1 yea1 
t pr(esse? n fai? & godl9ess1  is n to  
be tak5 = a m9i/]1 or he>d z su*4    #b4
 ,e "o t pr(esse? to /& to 8 baptismal  
cov5ant  pr(esse? fai? & godl9ess4      
#c4 ,he t by a vici\s life or bad       
application ( doctr9e  contradicte? 8   
pr(ession1 is to be lawfully accus$ ( x1
 &  he>d speak = himself1 & to be ca/   

out by true *ur* ju/ice1  & n by !      
private c5sure ( a private p]son4    #d4
 ,till ?is be done1 ?\gh a p>ticul>     
private memb] ( ! *ur*  be n b\nd to ?9k
 t ! m9i/] is wor?y1 nor t ! *ur*  :i*  
suff]e? & receive? him do? well1 yet !y 
are b\nd to  judge him "o :o by ! *ur*'s
 reception is 9 possession1 &  !re=e a  
visible pa/or1 & to submit to 8 public  
adm9i/rations2 because x is n 9 a       
private man's p[]1 b !  *ur*'s1 to      
det]m9e :o %all be ! pa/or4    #e4 ,b if
 ! case be pa/ controv]sy & notori\s1 t 
! man is  n only sc&al\s1 & weak1 &     
dull1 & neglig5t1 b also  ei!r1 #a4     
,intol]ably unable2 #b4 ,or an infidel1 
or gross h]etic2 #c4  ,or c]ta9ly       
ungodly2 a private man %\ld admoni% !   
*ur* &  him1 & 9 case t !y proce$ 9     
imp5it5cy1 %\ld remove  himself to a    
bett] *ur* & m9i/ry4 ,& ! *ur* itself   
%\ld  dis[n su* a man1 & commit _! s\ls 
to "o t is fitt] =  ! tru/4    #f4 ,& t 
*ur* or p]son :o ne$lessly owne? su* a  
pa/or1 or  pref]re? him be=e a fitt]1   

do? !reby h>d5 him 9 8  usurpation1 & is
 guilty ( ! hurt ( ! p's s\ls1 & (  8   
own1 & ( ! di%on\r done to ,god4        
,que/4 ,,ix4 ,:e!r ! p are b\nd to      
receive or cons5t to an  ungodly1       
intol]able1 h]etical pa/or1 yea1 or "o  
f> less fit &  wor?y ?an a competitor1  
if ! magi/rate comm& x1 or ! bi%op      
impose him8    ,= ! decid+ ( ?is1 take  
^! propositions4    #a4 ,! magi/rate is 
au?oriz$ by ,god to gov]n m9i/]s &      
*ur*es1 accord+ to ! ord]s & laws (     
,*ri/ 7& n aga9/  !m72 b n to orda9 or  
degrade1 nor to make m9i/]s or unmake   
!m1 nor to deprive ! *ur* ( ! lib]ty    
settl$ on x by !  laws ( ,*ri/4    #b4  
,! bi%ops or orda9]s are au?oriz$ by    
,*ri/ to judge ( !  fitness ( ! p]son to
 ! (fice 9 g5]al1 & solemnly to inve/   
him 9 x1 b n to deprive ! p ( _! fre$om1
 &  ex]cise ( ! natural c>e ( _! own    
salvation1 or ( any lib]ty  giv5 !m by  
,*ri/4    #c4 ,! p's lib]ty 9 *oos+ or  
cons5t+ to _! own  pa/ors1 to :om !y mu/
 commit ! c>e ( _! s\ls1 is p>tly  f\nd$

 9 nature1 7x be+ !y t mu/ h ! b5efit or
 loss1  & no man be+ au?oriz$ to damn or
 haz>d m5's s\ls1 at lea/  aga9/ _!     
wills17 & p>tly settl$ by ,scripture1 & 
cont9u$  9 ! *ur* above a ?\s& ye>s aft]
 ,*ri/1 at lea/ 9 v  _m p>ts ( x4#bci   
,see ,blondel's ,full ,pro( de jure     
plebis 9  regim4 ,eccles4 ,hildeb]tus   
,cnoman4 7alias ,turon5sis7 ev5 9 8  "t 
%[e?1 t ?\gh ! cl]gy 7 to lead1 & ! p to
  foll[1 yet no man 0 to be made a      
bi%op1 or put ^u ! p1  )\t _! own       
cons5t3 ,epi/4 #ab4 ,bibl4 ,pet4 to4    
iii4 p4 #agi4  ,filesacus w direct y to 
m su* te/imonies4 ,b ! ?+ is  pa/       
controv]sy4 ,i ne$ n cite to ! le>n$ !  
commonly cit$  te/imony ( ,cyprian1     
,plebs maximam habet pote/atem indignos 
recus&i1 c4 ,& inde$ 9 ! nature ( ! ?+ x
 _c be3  = ?\gh y may dr5* a mad-man's  
body by =ce1 :5 y give him  physic1 y _c
 s dr5* m5's s\ls1 nor cure !m aga9/ _! 
wills4    #d4 ,n t ! p's cons5t is      
necess>y to ! g5]al (fice (  a gospel   
m9i/]1 to prea* & baptize2 b only to !  

appropriation or relation ( a m9i/] to  
!mselves2 t is1 to !  be+ ( a pa/or ( a 
p>ticul> *ur* z su*1 b n ( a  m9i/] (   
,*ri/ z su*4    #e4 ,a man's s\l is ( s 
great value above all ! fav\r ( man1 or 
treasures ( ?is _w1 t no man %\ld be    
indiff]5t to :at  man's c>e he do?      
commit x2 nor %\ld he haz>d x ^u ! dang]
  ( ev]la/+ mis]y1 = fe> ( displeas+    
man1 or be+ accus$  ( s*ism or disord]4 
#f4 ,!re is z great diff]5ce betwe5 an  
able1 le>n$1 judici\s1  or?odox1 godly1 
dilig5t1 lively tea*]1 & an ignorant1   
h]etical1  ungodly1 dull1 & slo?ful man1
 z !re is betwe5 a skilful & an         
ignorant pilot at sea2 or betwe5 an     
able1 exp]i5c$1 fai?ful  physician1 & an
 ignorant1 ra%1 & trea*]\s "o1 z to !   
sav+ m5's lives4 ,& he t w\ld n take a  
sot or an empiric =  8 physician1 :o 7 l
 to kill him1 & refuse ! c\nsel ( an    
able physician1 9 ob$i5ce to a magi/rate
 or bi%op1 ha? z little  reason to d ! l
 by 8 s\l2 nor %\ld he set less by t ?an
  by 8 life4#bdj ,& if ,paul said1 ,we h

 ?is p[] = edification  & n =           
de/ruction1 we may say s ( all          
magi/rates & bi%ops4  ,sob] div9es h    
lately %[$ _! error :o tea* m5 t !y  mu/
 be ready to submit to damnation if ,god
 require x1 or to suppose  t 8 glory &  
our salvation are sep>able ends2 because
 damnation  is a ?+ :i* nature          
necessitate? man n to desire or int5d6  
,&  %all we ascribe m to a magi/rate ?an
 to ,god8 & say t we  mu/ ca/ our s\ls  
on a likelihood ( damnation to keep ord]
 & 9  ob$i5ce to man8 ,no man c be sav$ 
)\t k & hol9ess3  an ignorant1 dead1    
ungodly m9i/] is f> less likely to help 
u to  k & hol9ess1 ?an an able1 holy    
man4 ,to say ,god c "w by  ! unfitte/   
in/rum5t is no?+ to ! purpose2 till y   
prove  t ,god w\ld h u take him = 8     
in/rum5t1 & t he use?  equally to "w by 
su*1 z well z by ! fit & wor?y1 or t we 
expect wond]s f ,god1 & t ord9>ily )\t  
tempt+ him6  yea1 :5 su* a usurp] ( !   
m9i/ry is l to damn himself1 z  well z !
 p4    ,& "h to l5ify ! m9ds ( ,i?acian 

prelates t[>ds ^? t  seek _! own        
edification1 9 su* a case z ?is1 or t   
refuse  unwor?y pa/ors ( _! impos+1 ,i w
 entreat !m to c5sure  ^? ne> !m no m   
%>ply ?an !y d ! p]sons 9 ^!  foll[+    
in/ances4 ,yea1 if a sep>ati/ g too f>1 
use him no m  un*>itably1 ?an y w\ld d  
^! m54    7#a47 ,gildas ,brit4 is call$ 
,sapi5s1 & our elde/ writ]2 & yet he    
calle? ! multitude ( ! lewd ,briti%     
cl]gy :om he repreh5de?  9 8 ,acris     
,correptio1 traitors & no prie/s2 &     
conclude?  s]i\sly1 t he t calle? !m    
prie/s1 is n eximius  *ri/ianus1 any    
excell5t *ri/ian4 ,yet ^? few t 7 pi\s  
he excepte? & comm5de?4 ,%all he acc\nt 
!m no prie/s1 =  _! s9fulness1 & w y =ce
 o!rs1 n only to call !m  prie/s1 b to  
commit _! s\ls to su* m5's conduct8 :5  
,*ri/  ha? said1 ,if ! bl9d lead ! bl9d1
 bo? w fall into !  dit*8 & ,paul1 ,take
 he$ unto ?yself & unto ?y doctr9e2 =  9
 s do+1 ?\ %alt bo? save ?yself & !m t  
he>  !e8#bda    ,! second is our second 
7& fir/ ,engli%7 hi/orian1 ,b$a1 & 9    

him ! fam\s ,johannes ,episc4           
,hagul/ad5sis ,eccles4 :o1 z he         
reporte?1 wr\ght v great miracles1 z    
,eccles4 ,hi/4 lib4 v4 cap4  #b-e1 is to
 be read4 ,?is man _h "o ,h]ebaldus 9 8 
cl]gy1 aft]  an abbot2 :o himself told  
,b$a z foll[e?3--,t ?is ,johannes ,ep4  
cur$ him miracul\sly ( a p]il\s hurt1   
tak5 by disob$i5t  horseman%ip2 & :5 he 
recov]$1 he ask$ him1 :e!r he 7  sure t 
he 0 baptiz$8 :o answ]$1 ,t he knew x   
pa/ d\bt1  & nam$ ! presbyt] t baptiz$  
him4 ,! bi%op answ]$ him1 ,if  ?\ wa/   
baptiz$ by t prie/1 ?\ wa/ n rightly    
baptiz$3 =  ,i "k him1 & t :5 he 0      
orda9$ presbyt]1 he 0 s dull (  wit1 t  
he c\ld n le>n ! m9i/ry ( cate*is+ &    
baptiz+4 ,:]e=e ,i comm&$ him altoge!r  
to give ov] !  presumption ( ?is m9i/ry1
 :i* he c\ld n altoge!r fulfil4  ,& hav+
 ?us said1 he himself took c>e to       
cate*ise me ! same  h\r2 &--be+         
cur$--vitali etiam unda p]fusus sum1 ,i 
0  baptiz$4    ,i comm5d n ?is example (
 re-baptiz+1 ! r because x  seems !     

prie/ 0 n depos$ till aft] he _h baptiz$
  ,h]ebaldus3 b if he w5t s f> z to     
re-baptize1 & acc\nt !  baptism a       
nullity1 :i* 0 done by an unable1       
insuffici5t  presbyt]1 ?\gh rightly     
orda9$1 judge b z fav\rably ( m5  t     
avoid su* presbyt]s 9 our age4    ,!    
?ird in/ance %all be t ( ,cyprian1 & all
 ! wor?y  bi%ops 9 ! c\ncils ( ,c>?age 9
 8 "t1 :o re-baptiz$ ^?  baptiz$ by     
h]etics4 ,& consid] )al t 9 ^? times _m 
7 call$ h]etics :om we call b           
s*ismatics1 t drew disciples  aft] !m   
into sep>at$ bodies & p>ties1 speak+    
p]v]se  ?+s1 ?\gh n contr>y to ! v      
ess5tials ( religion1 ,acts  xx4 #cj4 ,i
 ju/ify n _! op9ion3 b if s _m holy     
bi%ops  c\nt$ ! v baptism ( su* a       
nullity1 be n too sev]e &  c5sori\s     
aga9/ ^? t g n at all s f> f an         
insuffici5t1 or ungodly1 or grossly     
sc&al\s man1 = ! m]e  pres]vation ( _!  
own s\ls4    ,to ^! ,i w add ! say+ ( "o
 ( ! hone/] sort ( ,jesuits1  ,aco/a2 & 
9 him ( an anci5t] ?an he3 lib4 iv4 c4  

#a4 p4 #ced4 de  reb4 ,indic4 ,he       
extolle? ! words ( ,dionysius ,epi/4    
viii4 ad  ,demoph4 :i* are1 ,si igitur  
qu illum9at sac]dotum e/ sancta         
di/9ctio1 proculdubio ille a sac]dotali 
ord9e et virtute omn9o  prolapsus e/1   
qui illum9ans non e/1 multoque sane     
magis qui neque  illum9atus e/4 ,atque  
mihi quidem videtur audax nimium        
hujusmodi e/1  si sac]dotalia munia sibi
 assumit2 neque metuit1 neque v]etur ea 
qu  sunt div9a prt] m]itum p]sequi2     
putatque ea lat]e ,deum1 quorum  sibi   
ipse conscius sit2 et se ,deum fall]e   
exi/imat1 quem falso  nom9e appellat    
patrem2 audetque scele/as blasphemias   
suas 7neque  enim preces dix]im7 sacris 
aris inf]re2 easque sup] signa illa     
div9a1 ad ,*ri/i similitud9em dic]e4    
,non e/ i/e sac]dos2 non  e/2 s$        
infe/us1 atrox1 dolosus1 illusor sui1 et
 lupus 9 dom9icam  gregem ov9a pelle    
armatus4 ,8 plura aut majora de         
evangelici  m9i/]ii et culm9e et        
prcipitio qui expectat1 cuique ad       

resipisc5dum non i/a sufficiunt1        
infatuatum se juxta ,dom9i  s5t5tiam1 et
 nullo unquam sale saliri posse         
demon/rat4 ,i w n  ,engli% x1 le/ ^?    
take enc\ragem5t by x :o are b5t to !   
o!r extreme4    #g4 ,yet x w be a great 
(f5ce1 if any c5sori\s1 self-conceit$   
p]son %all on ?is pret5ce set up 8      
judgm5t ( m5's p>ts1 to  ! contempt (   
au?ority1 or to ! vilify+ ( wor?y m52 & 
especially if he !reby make a /ir &     
s*ism 9 ! *ur*1 in/ead  ( seek+ 8 own   
edification4    #h4 ,yea1 if a m9i/] be 
weak]1 yea1 & cold] & worse ?an  ano!r1 
yet if 8 m9i/ry be compet5tly fitt$ to  
edification1 he  t _c leave him & g to a
 bett]1 )\t app>5t hurt to !  *ur*1 & ! 
s\ls ( o!rs1 by division1 or exasp]at+  
rul]s1  or break+ family ord]1 or       
violat+ relative duties1 mu/ take       
himself to be at pres5t d5i$ ! great]   
helps t o!rs h1  & may tru/ ,god 9 ! use
 ( ^? weak] means1 to accept &  bless   
him2 because he is 9 ! /ation :]e he ha?
 set him4 ,?is  case !re=e mu/ be       

resolv$ by a prud5t comp>+ ( ! good or  
hurt :i* is l to foll[1 & ( ! accid5ts  
or circum/ances  :5ce t mu/ be disc]n$4 
#bci ,9 ! "t ( ! ,arian emp]ors ! *ur*es
 refus$ !  bi%ops :om ! emp]ors impos$  
on !m1 & /uck to _! own  or?odox bi%ops2
 especially at ,alex&ria & ,cs>ea1 aft] 
!  greate/ urg5cy = _! ob$i5ce4    #bdj 
,matt4 xvi4 #bf2 ,prov4 x4 #cb2 xix4 #h2
 ,luke xii4 #d4    #bda ,matt4 xv4 #ad2 
#a ,tim4 iv4 #f1 #af2 ,matt4 xvi4 #f2   
xxiv4 #d4 ,m>k iv4  #bd2 ,luke viii4    
#ah2 ,matt4 xxiii4 #af4      ,que/4 ,x4 
,:at if ! magi/rate comm& ! p to receive
 "o  pa/or1 & ! bi%ops or orda9]s ano!r1
 :i* ( !m mu/ be  obey$8    #a4 ,!      
magi/rate1 & n ! bi%op or p1 7unless "u 
him17  ha? ! p[] & disposal ( !         
circum/antials or accid5ts ( !  *ur*2 ,i
 mean ( ! temple1 ! pulpit1 ! ti!s1     
c4#bdb ,& he  is to det]m9e :at m9i/]s  
are fit ei!r = 8 own c\nt5ance  or      
tol]ation1 & :at n4 ,9 ^! !re=e he is to
 be obey$  be=e ! bi%ops or o!rs4    #b4
 ,if a pope or prelate ( a =eign *ur*1  

or any t ha? no  lawful jurisdiction or 
gov]nm5t ov] ! *ur* t wante? a  pa/or1  
%all comm& !m to receive "o1 _! comm& is
 null1 &  to be contemn$4    #c4 ,nei!r 
magi/rate nor bi%op1 z is said1 may d5y 
! *ur* or  p any lib]ty :i* ,god 9      
nature1 or ,*ri/ 9 ! gospel1 ha?  settl$
 on !m1 z to ! reception ( _! prop]     
pa/ors4    #d4 ,no bi%op1 b only !      
magi/rate1 c compel by ! sword !        
ob$i5ce ( 8 comm&s4    #e4 ,if "o ( !m  
comm& ! reception ( a wor?y p]son1 & !  
o!r ( an intol]able "o1 ! =m] mu/       
prevail1 because (  ob$i5ce to ,*ri/1 & 
c>e ( our s\ls4    #f4 ,b if ! p]sons be
 equal1 or bo? fit1 ! magi/rate is to be
  obey$1 if he be p]emptory 9 8 comm&s1 
& decide ! case 9  ord] to ! peace or   
protection ( ! *ur*2 bo? because x is a 
lawful ?+1 & because else he w p]mit no 
o!r4    #g4 ,& ! r because ! magi/rate's
 p[] is m pa/  controv]sy1 ?an1 :e!r any
 bi%op1 pa/or1 or synod1 c any  fur!r   
?an by c\nsel & p]suasion1 oblige ! p to
 receive a  pa/or4    #bdb ,see m ( ?is 

aft]4      ,que/4 ,,xi4 ,:e!r an        
un9t]rupt$ succession ei!r ( "r         
ord9ation or ( conveyance by            
jurisdiction1 be necess>y to ! be+  ( ! 
m9i/ry1 or ( a true *ur*8    ,! papi/s h
 hi!rto insi/$ on ! necessity (         
successive  "r ord9ation2 b ,voetius de 
desp]ata ,causa ,papatus ha? 9  ?is s   
h&l$ !m1 & confut$ ,jans5ius1 z ha?     
inde$ %[$  ! desp]at5ess ( t cause3 & !y
 p]ceive t ! papacy  itself _c be upheld
 by t way2 & !re=e ,johnson1 alias      
,t]ret1 9 8 rejo9d] aga9/ me1 n[        
conclude?1 t x is n  = want ( a         
successive consecration t !y condemn !  
*ur* (  ,engl&1 b = want ( true         
jurisdiction1 because o!r bi%ops _h     
title to ! places :il/ !y 7 put 92 & t  
successive  consecration 7:i* we take to
 include ord9ation7 is n necess>y to  ! 
be+ ( m9i/ry or *ur*4 ,& x is mo/ c]ta9 
to any man  acqua9t$ 9 *ur* hi/ory1 t _!
 popes h _h a succession  ( nei!r4 ,_!  
way ( election ha? be5 frequ5tly *ang$1 
sometimes be+ by ! p1 sometimes by !    

cl]gy1 sometimes by  ! emp]ors1 & la/ly 
by ! c>d9als alone4 ,ord9ation !y h     
sometimes want$1 & a layman be5 *os52 & 
(t ! ord9ation  ha? be5 by su* z _h no  
p[] accord+ to _! own laws4 ,&  frequ5t 
int]cisions h be5 made1 sometimes by _m 
ye>s'  vacancy1 :5 !y _h no *ur* 7& s   
!re 0 none on e>?1 if  ! pope be !      
con/itutive head7 = want ( a pope3      
sometimes by  long s*isms1 :5 ( two or  
?ree popes1 no "o c\ld be kn[n to  h m  
"r ?an ano!r1 nor did !y o!rwise c>ry x1
 ?an by  p[] at la/3 sometimes by ! utt]
 incapacity ( ! possessors1  "s be+     
laym51 "s h]etics & infidels1 s judg$ by
 c\ncils  at ,rome1 ,con/ance1 ,basil2 &
 ,eug5ius ! f\r? cont9u$ aft] he  0 s   
c5sur$1 & condemn$1 & depos$ by ! g5]al 
c\ncil4 ,i  h prov$ all ?is at l>ge     
else:]e4    ,& he t w n be *eat$ ) a b>e
 s\nd ( words1 b w  ask !m1 :e!r by a   
succession ( jurisdiction1 !y mean      
effici5t1 convey+ jurisdiction 9 !      
caus]s ( 8 call1 or  receiv$            
jurisdiction 9 ! (fice receiv$1 w f9d t 

!y d  b hide _! desp]ate cause 9        
confusion & an insignificant  noise4 ,= 
!y ma9ta9 t none on e>? h an effici5t   
jurisdiction 9 mak+ popes4 ,= ! =m] pope
 do? n make 8  successor2 & bo?         
electors1 orda9]s1 & consecrators1 yea1 
&  ! p receiv+1 !y hold to be subjects (
 ! pope :5 made1  & !re=e make him n by 
jurisdiction giv+ him ! p[]4  ,!re=e    
,johnson tells me1 t ,*ri/ only1 & n    
man1 do? give  ! p[]1 & !y mu/ ne$s hold
 t m5 h no?+ to d b  design ! p]son     
recipi5t by election & reception1 & to  
inve/  him c]emonially 9 ! possession4  
,s t no effici5t jurisdiction  is "h us$
 at all by man4 ,& = receiv$            
jurisdiction1 #a4 ,no "o  que/ione? b :5
 t (fice is receiv$ :i* is ess5tially   
gov]n+1 he t receive? x receive? a      
gov]n+ p[]1 or else  he did n receive ! 
(fice4 ,if ! "q be only1 :e!r !  (fice (
 a bi%op be an (fice ( jurisdiction1 or 
conta9  ess5tially a gov]n+ p[]1 !y make
 no "q ( ?is  !mselves4 ,s t ! noise (  
successive jurisdiction is vani%$  into 

no?+4 #b4 ,& ) !m t d5y any jurisdiction
 to belong to  presbyt]s1 ?is w be no?+ 
z to _! case1 :o h no?+  b ord]s to     
receive4    ,!y h no?+ ( s5se left !m to
 say b ?is1 ,t ?\gh !  effici5t         
jurisdiction :i* make? popes be only 9  
,*ri/1 because  no m5 are _! sup]iors1  
yet bi%ops & presbyt]s :o h  sup]iors1  
_c receive _! p[] b by an effici5t p[] (
  man1 :i* mu/ come d[n by un9t]rupt$   
succession4    ,answ4 #a4 ,& s if ev] ! 
papal (fice h an int]cision1 7z ,i  h   
prov$ x ha? _h z to lawful popes17 !    
:ole ca?olic *ur*  is nullifi$2 & x is  
impossible to give x a new be+1 b by a  
new pope4    ,b ! be/ is1 t by _!       
doctr9e inde$ !y ne$ n to plead  = an   
un9t]rupt$ succession ei!r ( popes1     
bi%ops1 or  presbyt]s1 b t !y ?9k x a   
useful *eat to p]plex all t  are n _!   
subjects4 ,= if ! papacy 7 ext9ct a     
hundr$  ye>s1 ,*ri/ is /ill alive2 &    
see+ x is no matt] ad esse :o  be !     
electors or consecrat]s1 s x be b made  
kn[n conv5i5tly  to ! p1 & m5 only elect

 & receive ! p]son1 & ,*ri/  only give? 
! p[]1 7by 8 /at$ law17 :at h9d]e? aft] 
!  longe/ ext9ction or int]cision1 b t  
somebody1 or "s sort (  p]son1 may *oose
 a pope aga91 & s ,*ri/ make him pope8  
,& ?us  ! ca?olic *ur* may die & live   
aga9 by a new creation1 _m  times ov]4  
,& :5 ! pope ha? a resurrection aft] !  
longe/ int]cision1  s may all ! bi%ops &
 prie/s 9 ! _w1 because a new pope  c   
make new bi%ops1 & new bi%ops c make new
 prie/s4 ,& :]e  !n is !re any %[ (     
necessity ( an un9t]rupt$ succession (  
any ( !m8 ,all t w foll[ is1 t !        
p>ticul> *ur*es die  till a             
resurrection2 & s do? ! :ole *ur* on e>?
 e "t  ! pope die?1 till ano!r be made1 
if he be ! con/itutive head4    #b4 ,b z
 !y say t ,*ri/ only effici5tly give? ! 
p[] to  ! pope1 s say we to ! bi%ops or 
pa/ors ( ! *ur*4 ,= !re  is no act (    
,*ri/'s collation to be prov$1 b !      
,scripture law or  grant3 & if t /&+ law
 give p[] to ! pope1 :5 m5 h  b design$ 
! p]son1 ! same law w d ! same to bi%ops

 or  pa/ors2 = x e/abli%e? _! (fice 9 ! 
same sort4 ,or r  9 tru? !re is no ^w1 t
 give? p[] to any su* (fic] z a         
univ]sal head or pope1 b ! law = !      
pa/oral (fice is  uncontrov]tible4    ,&
 :at ! ,spani% bi%ops at ,tr5t ?\ght ( !
 ,div9e "r (  ! bi%op's (fice1 ,i ne$ n 
m5tion4    ,i %all !re=e ?us truly      
resolve ! "q4    #a4 ,9 all ord9ations &
 elections1 man do? b fir/ *oose !      
recipi5t p]son4 #b4 ,& c]emoni\sly &    
m9i/]ially inve/ him 9  ! possession :5 
,god ha? giv5 him ! p[]2 b ! effici5t   
collation or grant ( ! p[] is done only 
by ,*ri/1 by !  in/rum5tality ( 8 law or
 in/itution4 ,z :5 ! k+ by a  *>t] sai?1
 ,:oev] ! city %all *oose1 %all be _!   
mayor1  & h su* & su* p[]1 & be inve/$ 9
 x by ! record] or  /ew>d3 "h ! p]son   
elect$ receive? all 8 p[] f ! k+  by 8  
*>t]1 7:i* is a /&+ effici5t1 convey+ x 
to !  capable *os5 p]son17 & n f !      
*oos]s or record]2 only  ! la/ is z a   
s]vant to deliv] possession4 ,s is x 9  
?is case4    #b4 ,! regul> way (        

entrance appo9t$ by ,*ri/ to make a     
p]son  capable1 is ! said election &    
ord9ation4 ,& = ord] sake :]e  t may be 
_h1 ! unorda9$ are n to be receiv$ z    
pa/ors4    #c4 ,if any get possession1  
by false1 pret5d$ ord9ation or mission1 
& be receiv$ by ! *ur*4 ,i h be=e told y
 t he is a  pa/or z to ! *ur*'s use &   
b5efit1 ?\gh n to 8 own4 ,&  s ! *ur* is
 n ext9ct by e fraudul5t usurpation or  
mi/ake1 & s n by want ( a true ord9ation
 or mission4    #d4 ,if ! way ( regul>  
ord9ation fail1 ,god may o!rwise 7by !  
*ur*'s necessity1 & ! notori\s aptitude 
( ! p]son7 notify  8 w to ! *ur*1 :at   
p]son !y %all receive2 7z if a  layman 7
 ca/ on ! ,indian %ore & conv]t$ ?\s&s1 
:o  c\ld h no ord9ation27 & ^u ! p's    
reception or cons5t1  t man w be a true 
pa/or4    ,& see+ ! papi/s 9 !          
conclusion 7z ,johnson ubi supra7 are   
fa9 to ca/ all _! cause on ! *ur*'s     
reception ( ! pope1  !y _c d5y          
reasonably b ad esse ! *ur*'s reception 
may  s]ve also = ano!r (fic]2 & inde$   

mu* bett] ?an = a  pope4 ,=1 #a4 ,!     
univ]sal *ur* is s great1 t no man c "k 
:5 ! great] "p receive? him1 & :5 n1    
except 9 "s  notori\s decl>ations4 #b4  
,& x is n[ kn[n1 t ! f> great]  "p ( !  
univ]sal *ur* 7! ,greeks1 ,arm5ians1    
,abass9es1  ,coptics1 prote/ants1 c47 d 
n receive ! ,roman head4 #c4 ,& :5  "o  
"p ( ,europe receiv$ "o pope1 & ano!r "p
 ano!r pope1  = above =ty ye>s toge!r1  
:o c\ld tell :i* ( ! p>ties  0 to be    
acc\nt$ ! *ur*8 ,x 0 n !n kn[n1 & is n  
kn[n yet to ?is day2 & no papi/ c prove 
x1 :o affirme? x4    ,z a *ur*1 e4 g4   
,con/ant9ople1 may be ga!r$1 or oriri de
 novo  :]e !re is none be=e1 s may x be 
re/or$ :]e x is ext9ct4  ,& possibly a  
layman 7z ,frum5tius & ,edesius 9 !     
,indies7 may be  ! in/rum5t ( m5's      
conv]sion4 ,& if s1 !y may by cons5t    
become _! pa/ors1 :5 regul> ord9ation _c
 be _h4    ,i h said m ( ?is 9 my       
,disputations ( ,*ur* ,gov]nm5t1  disp4 
ii4 ,! tru? is1 ! pret5ce ( a necessity 
( un9t]rupt$1  successive ord9ation1    

mission1 or jurisdictional collation ad 
esse1  to ! be+ ( m9i/ry or *ur*1 is b a
 *eat ( m5 t h an  int]e/ ( _! own :i*  
require? su* a plea1 :5 !y may  easily  
"k1 t x w\ld ov]?r[ !mselves4           
,que/4 ,,xii4 ,:e!r !re be1 or ev] 01   
su* a ?+ 9 ! _w1  z "o ca?olic *ur*1    
con/itut$ by any head besides or "u     
,*ri/8    ,! greate/ & fir/ controv]sy  
betwe5 u & ! papi/s1 is n  :at man or   
politic p]son is ! head ( ! :ole visible
 *ur*2  b1 :e!r !re be any su* head at  
all1 ei!r p]sonal1 or  collective1      
mon>*ical1 ari/ocratical1 or            
democratical "u ,*ri/1  ( 8 appo9tm5t or
 all[ance8 or any su* ?+ z a ca?olic    
*ur* s head$ or con/itut$8 ,:i* !y      
affirm & we d5y4 ,t  nei!r pope nor     
g5]al c\ncil is su* a head1 ,i h prov$ s
  fully 9 my ,key = ,ca?olics & o!r     
books1 t ,i w n "h  /ay to make         
repetition ( x4 ,t ! pope is no su*     
head1 we may  take = grant$1 #a4        
,because !y br+ no pro( ( x1 :atev] !y  
va9ly pret5d4 #b4 ,because our div9es h 

copi\sly disprov$ x1 to  :om ,i ref] y4 
#c4 ,because ! univ]sal *ur* nev]       
receiv$ su*  a head1 z ,i h prov$ aga9/ 
,johnson4 #d4 ,& :e!r x be !  pope1 _!  
bi%op ( ,*alc$on1 ubi supra1 et ,sancta 
,cl>a1  ,sy/em4 ,fid4 say is n de fide4 
,t a c\ncil is no su* head ,i h l>gely  
prov$ z a=esaid1  "p ii4 ,key =         
,ca?olics4 ,&1 #a4 ,! use ( x be+ b =   
concord prove? x4 #b4 ,mo/ papi/s       
confess x4 #c4 ,else !re %\ld  be seldom
 any *ur* 9 ! _w = want ( a head1 yea1  
nev] any4    ,= ,i h prov$ !re & to     
,johnson1 t !re nev] 0 a true  g5]al    
c\ncil ( ! univ]sal *ur*2 b only imp]ial
 c\ncils (  ! *ur*es "u "o emp]or's p[]1
 & ^? t hav+ be5  "u x1 _h be5 us$ to   
su* c\ncils2 & t x is n a ?+  ev] to be 
attempt$ or expect$1 z be+ unlawful &   
morally  impossible4#bdc    #bdc ,see   
also my ,reasons ( ,*ri/ian ,religion1  
,cons4 ii4 ( !  int]e/ ( ! *ur*4        
,que/4 ,,xiii4 ,:e!r !re be su* a ?+ z a
 visible ca?olic  *ur*8 ,& :at x is8    
,! anci5ts diff]5tly us$ ! t]ms1 a      

ca?olic *ur*1 &1 !  ca?olic *ur*4 ,by ! 
fir/ !y meant any p>ticul> *ur* :i*  0  
"p ( ! univ]sal2 by ! second !y meant ! 
univ]sal  *ur* itself4#bdd ,& ?is is x t
 we n[ mean4 ,& ,i answ]  affirmatively1
 !re is a visible univ]sal *ur*1 n only 
z a  community1 or z a k+dom di/9ct f ! 
k+1 b z a political  society4    #b4    
,?is *ur* is ! univ]sality ( baptiz$    
visible *ri/ians  head$ by ,jesus ,*ri/ 
himself4#bde    ,!re is ?is1 & !re is no
 o!r ^u e>?4 ,! papi/s say1 t  ?is is no
 visible *ur* because ! ,head is n      
visible4    ,i answ]1 #a4 ,x is n       
necess>y t he be se51 b visible3 & is  n
 ,*ri/ a visible p]son8    #b4 ,?is *ur*
 consi/e? ( two p>ts1 ! triumphant "p 9 
glory1  & ! militant "p2 & ,*ri/ is n   
only visible b se5 by !  triumphant "p3 
z ! k+ is n se5 by ! t5-?\s&? "p (  8   
k+doms1 b by 8 c\rti]s & ^? ab\t him1 & 
yet he is  k+ ( all4    #c4 ,*ri/ 0 se5 
on e>? = above ?irty ye>s2 & ! k+dom    
may be call$ visible1 9 t ! ,k+ 0 once  
visible on e>?1 &  is n[ visible 9      

heav53 z if ! k+ w\ld %[ himself to 8  p
 b "o ye> toge!r 9 all 8 life4    #d4 ,x
 ill become? ! papi/s ( any m51 to say t
 ,*ri/ is n  visible1 :o make him1 see  
him1 ta/e him1 h&le him1 eat him1 dr9k  
him1 dige/ him 9 e *ur*1 9 e mass       
?r\gh\t ! ye>1  & ?r\gh\t ! _w2 & ?is n 
z divid$1 b z :ole  ,*ri/4    ,object4  
,b ?is is n quat5us reg5t4    ,answ4 ,if
 y see him t is reg5t1 & see 8 laws &   
gospel  :i* are 8 gov]n+ in/rum5ts1     
toge!r ) 8 m9i/]s :o  are 8 (fic]s1 x is
 en\gh to d5om9ate 8 k+dom visible4     
#e4 ,! *ur* might be fitly d5om9at$     
visible secundum quid1 if  ,*ri/ himself
 7 invisible2 because ! politic body is 
visible1  ! disp]s$ (fic]s1 assemblies1 
& laws are visible4 ,b sure all  ^!     
toge!r may well s]ve = ! d5om9ation4    
#bdd #a ,cor4 xii4 #ab1 & ?r\gh\t4      
#bde ,eph4 iv4 #a1 #e-g1 #af4           
,que/4 ,,xiv4 ,:at is x t make? a       
visible memb] ( ! univ]sal  *ur*8 ,& :o 
are to be acc\nt$ su*8    #a4 ,baptism  
make? a visible memb] ( ! univ]sal *ur*2

 & !  baptiz$ 7z to entrance1 unless !y 
g out aga97 are to be  acc\nt$ su*4#bdf 
#b4 ,by baptism we mean1 op5 devotion or
 d$ication to ,god by !  baptismal      
cov5ant1 9 :i* ! adult = !mselves1 &    
p>5ts =  _! infants1 d pr(ess cons5t to 
! cov5ant ( grace2 :i*  include? a      
belief ( all ! ess5tial articles ( !    
fai?1 & a  resolution = s9c]e ob$i5ce2 &
 a cons5t to ! relations  betwe5 ,god & 
u1 viz4 t he be our reconcil$ ,fa!r1 our
  ,savi\r1 & our ,sanctifi]4    #c4 ,!  
cont9uance ( ?is cons5t is necess>y to !
 cont9uance (  our visible memb]%ip4    
#d4 ,he t ?r\gh ignorance1 or incapacity
 = want ( wat]1 or a  m9i/]1 is n       
baptiz$1 & yet is solemnly or notori\sly
  d$icat$ & devot$ to ,god ! ,fa!r1     
,son1 & ,holy ,gho/1 9 !  same cov5ant1 
?\gh )\t ! outw>d sign1 & pr(esse? op5ly
  ! same religion1 is a visible *ri/ian1
 ?\gh n by a complete  & regul>         
visibility2 z a soldi] n li/$ nor tak+ 8
  col\rs1 or a m>riage n regul>ly       
solemniz$1 c4    #e4 ,he t =sake? 8     

cov5ant by apo/asy1 or is totally & duly
  excommunicat$1 cease? to be a visible 
memb] ( ! *ur*4    #bdf ,matt4 xxviii4  
#ai2 ,m>k xvi4 #af4      ,que/4 ,,xv4   
,:e!r besides ! pr(ession ( *ri/ianity1 
ei!r  te/imony or evid5ce ( conv]sion1  
or practical godl9ess1 be  necess>y to  
prove a man a memb] ( ! univ]sal visible
 *ur*8    #a4 ,z ! ,m$iator is ! way to 
! ,fa!r1 s5t to recov] u to  ,god1 s    
*ri/ianity include? godl9ess2 & he      
pr(esse? n  *ri/ianity1 :o pr(esse? n   
godl9ess4#bdg    #b4 ,he t pr(esse? !   
baptismal cov5ant1 pr(esse? *ri/ianity1 
& godl9ess1 & true conv]sion4 ,& !re=e  
_c be reject$  = want ( a pr(ession (   
conv]sion or godl9ess4    #c4 ,b he t is
 ju/ly suspect$ n to und]/& 8 own       
pr(ession1 b to speak g5]al words1 )\t !
 s5se1 may &  ought to be exam9$ by him 
t is to baptize him2 & !re=e  ?\gh !    
apo/les among ! ,jews :o _h be5 br$ up  
among !  oracles ( ,god1 did ju/ly      
presume ( s mu* und]/&+1 z t  !y baptiz$
 m5 ! same day t !y pr(ess$ to believe 9

  ,*ri/2 yet :5 !y baptiz$ conv]t$      
g5tiles1 we h reason to  ?9k1 t !y fir/ 
receiv$ a p>ticul> acc\nt ( _!  conv]ts1
 t !y und]/ood ! ?ree ess5tial articles 
( !  cov5ant4#bdh #a4 ,because ! cre$ is
 fitt$ to t use1 & ha?  be5 ev] us$     
!reunto by ! *ur*es1 z by tradition f ! 
apo/les' practice4 #b4 ,because ! *ur* 9
 all ages1 z f> z  *ur* hi/ory leade? u 
upw>d1 ha? us$ cate*is+ be=e  baptiz+2  
yea1 & to keep m5 z cate*um5s "s "t =   
prep>ation4 #c4 ,because common exp]i5ce
 telle? u1 t multitudes  c say ! cre$ t 
und]/& x n4    ,if any yet urge !       
apo/les' example1 ,i w grant t x oblige?
  u :5 ! case is ! l 7& ,i w n fly to   
any conceit (  _! he>t-se>*+1 or disc]n+
 m5's s9c]ity74 ,:5 y br+  u to a p t   
be=e 7 ! visible *ur* ( ,god1 & 7  all  
_! lifetime tra9$ up 9 ! k ( ,god1 ( s91
 (  duty1 ( ! promis$ ,messiah1 accord+ 
to all ! law & prophets1  & want no?+1 b
 to "k ! ,son & ! ,holy ,gho/1 t ?is    
,jesus is ! ,*ri/1 :o w reconcile u to  
,god1 & give u !  sanctify+ ,_s1 !n we w

 also baptize m5 ! same day t  !y pr(ess
 to believe 9 ,jesus ,*ri/1 & 9 ! ,fa!r 
z  reconcil$ by him1 & ! ,holy ,gho/ z  
giv5 by him4 ,b if we h  ^? to deal ) :o
 "k n ,god1 or s91 or mis]y1 or         
,scripture  prophecies1 no nor natural  
v]ities1 we "k no pro( t !  apo/les s   
ha/ily baptiz$ su*4    ,( ?is ,i h      
l>gely spok5 9 my ,treatise (           
,confirmation4    #d4 ,x is n necess>y  
to a man's baptism & fir/ *ur* memb]%ip1
  t he give any te/imony ( an antec$5t  
godly life2 because x is  rep5tance &   
future ob$i5ce pr(ess$ t is 8 title2 &  
we  mu/ n keep m5 f cov5ant+1 till we   
fir/ see :e!r !y  w keep ! cov5ant :i*  
!y are to make4 ,= cov5ant+ goe?  be=e  
cov5ant keep+3 & x is any1 ! mo/ impi\s 
s9n]1 :o  rep5te?1 t is to be wa%$ &    
ju/ifi$ z soon z he become? a  believ]4 
#e4 ,yet if any t pr(esse? fai? &       
rep5tance1 %\ld commit  :or$om1         
drunk5ness1 murd]1 blasphemy1 or any    
mortal s91 be=e he  is baptiz$1 we h    
reason to make a /op ( t man's baptism1 

because he contradicte? 8 own pr(ession1
 & give? u cause to  take x =           
hypocritical1 till he give u bett]      
evid5ce t he is  p5it5t inde$4#bdi      
#f4 ,he>t cov5ant+ make? an invisible   
*ur* memb]1 & v]bal  cov5ant+ & baptism 
make a visible *ur* memb]4 ,& he t      
make? a pr(ession ( *ri/ianity1 s f> z  
to decl>e t he  believe? all ! articles 
( ! cre$ p>ticul>ly &  und]/&+ly1 7) "s 
tol]able und]/&+1 ?\gh n  di/9ct en\gh &
 full17 & t he op5ly devote? himself to 
,god  ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,_s1 9 ! v[ &    
cov5ant ( baptism1 do?  produce a       
suffici5t title to ! relation ( a       
*ri/ian & *ur*  memb]2 & no m9i/] may   
reject him1 = want ( tell+ :51 &  by :at
 argum5ts1 means1 ord]1 or degrees he 0 
conv]t$4    #g4 ,!y t =sake ^! t]ms (   
*ur* entrance1 left u by ,*ri/  & 8     
apo/les1 & us$ by all ! *ur*es 9 ! _w1 &
  reject ^? t %[ ! title ( su* a        
pr(ession1 = want (  some?+ m1 & set up 
o!r1 /rict] t]ms ( _! own1 z  necess>y  
to discov] m5's conv]sion & s9c]ity1 are

 guilty (  *ur* tyranny aga9/ m51 &     
usurpation aga9/ ,*ri/2 & (  mak+ eng9es
 to divide ! *ur*es1 see+ !re w nev] be 
agreem5t on any human devis$ t]ms1 b "s 
w be ( "o side1  & "s ( ano!r1 :5 !y    
=sake ! t]ms ( ,*ri/4    #h4 ,yet if !  
pa/or %all see cause ^u suspicion (     
hypocrisy1 ad  melius esse1 to put div]s
 que/ions to "o man m ?an to ano!r1  &  
to desire fur!r satisfaction1 !         
cate*um5s ought 9  consci5ce to answ]   
him1 & endeav\r 8 satisfaction4 ,= a    
m9i/] is n ti$ up to speak only su* or  
su* words to !  p5it5t2 & he t %\ld say1
 ,i w answ] y no fur!r ?an to  repeat ! 
cre$1 do? give a man reason to suppose  
him ei!r  ignorant or pr\d1 & to susp5d 
! reception ( him1 ?\gh n to  d5y x4 ,b 
/ill ad esse no t]ms mu/ be impos$ z    
necess>y on  ! *ur*1 b :at ! ,holy ,gho/
 by ! apo/les ha? e/abli%$4    #bdg     
,john xiv4 #f2 #a ,tim4 iii4 #af2 vi4   
#c1 #aa2 #b ,pet4 i4 #c4    #bdh ,acts  
ii4 #ch1 #ci4    #bdi ,cor4 vi4 #i1 #aj2
 ,tit4 iii4 #c-e2 ,eph4 ii4 #a-c2 ,acts 

ii4 #cg1 #ch4      ,que/4 ,,xvi4 ,:at is
 necess>y to a man's reception into     
memb]%ip 9  a p>ticul> *ur*1 ov] & above
 ?is =esaid title8 :e!r any  o!r trials1
 or cov5ant1 or :at8    #a4 ,a p>ticul> 
*ur* is a regul> "p ( ! univ]sal1 z a   
city  ( a k+dom1 or a troop ( an army4  
#b4 ,e man t is a memb] ( ! p>ticul>    
*ur*1 is a memb] (  ! univ]sal2 b e "o t
 is a memb] ( ! univ]sal *ur*1  is n a  
memb] ( a p>ticul>4    #c4 ,e p>ticul>  
*ur* ha? its own p>ticul> pa/or1 7"o or 
m17 & its own p>ticul> place or b\nds ( 
habitation or  resid5ce2 !re=e he t w be
 a memb] ( a p>ticul> *ur*1  #a4 ,mu/   
cohabit1 or live 9 a proximity capable (
 communion4 #b4 ,&  mu/ cons5t to be a  
memb] ( t p>ticul> *ur*1 & to be "u  !  
guidance ( its p>ticul> pa/or1 9 _!     
(fice "w4 ,= he  _c be made a memb] )\t 
8 own cons5t & w2 nor c he  be a memb]1 
t subjecte? n himself to ! gov]nor or   
guide4    #d4 ,he !re=e t w intrude into
 _! communion & privileges  )\t express+
 8 cons5t be=eh& to be a memb]1 & to    

submit to ! pa/oral ov]sight1 is to be  
tak5 = an invad]4    #e4 ,b no o!r      
p]sonal qualification is to be exact$ ( 
him z  necess>y1 b t he be a memb] ( !  
*ur* univ]sal4 ,z he is  n to be baptiz$
 aga91 s nei!r to give aga9 all t acc\nt
 (  8 fai? & rep5tance p>ticul>ly :i* he
 gave at baptism2 mu*  less any high]   
pro(s ( 8 s9c]ity2 b if he cont9ue 9 !  
cov5ant & *ur* /ate :i* he 0 baptiz$    
into1 he is capable  !reby ( reception  
into any p>ticul> *ur* ^u p>ticul>      
cons5t4 ,nor is !re any ,scripture pro( 
( any new exam9ations  ab\t _! conv]sion
 or s9c]ity1 at _! removals or entrance 
into a p>ticul> *ur*4    #f4 ,b yet     
because he is n n[ look$ on only z a    
cov5ant mak]1  z he 0 at baptism1 b also
 z a cov5ant keep] or p]=m]1  !re=e if  
any c prove t he is false to 8 baptismal
 cov5ant1  by apo/asy1 h]esy1 or a wick$
 life1 he is to be refus$ till he be    
absolv$ ^u 8 r5ew$ rep5tance4    #g4 ,he
 t (t pr(esse? to rep5t1 & by (t revolt+
 into mortal  s91 7t is1 s9 :i* %[e? a  

/ate ( dea?17 do? %[ t he  0 n s9c]e1   
mu/ aft]w>d %[ 8 rep5tance by actual    
am5dm5t1 be=e he c say1 x is 8 due to be
 believ$4    #h4 ,:e!r y w call ?is     
cons5t to p>ticul> *ur* relation  &     
duty1 by ! "n ( a cov5ant or n1 is b lis
 de nom9e3 x  is m ?an mutual cons5t t  
is necess>y to be express$2 &  mutual   
cons5t express$ may be call$ a cov5ant4 
#i4 ,ad melius esse1 ! m express !      
cons5t or cov5ant is1 !  bett]3 = 9 s   
great matt]s m5 %\ld "k :at !y d1 & deal
  above-bo>d3 especially :5 exp]i5ce    
telle? u1 t ignorance &  imag]y is ready
 to eat out ! he>t ( religion 9 almo/   
all !  *ur*es 9 ! _w4 ,b yet ad esse    
*ur*es mu/ see t !y  feign or make no m 
cov5ants necess>y ?an ,god ha? made2    
because  human1 unnecess>y inv5tions h s
 long di/ract$ & laid wa/e  ! *ur*es (  
,*ri/4    #aj4 ,! pa/or's cons5t mu/    
concur ) ! p]sons to be receiv$3  = x   
mu/ be mutual cons5t2 & z none c be a   
memb]1 s none  may be a pa/or1 aga9/ 8  
w4#bej ,& ?\gh he be "u  ,*ri/'s laws   

:at p]sons to receive1 & is n arbitr>y  
to d :at  he li/1 yet he is ! guide ( ! 
*ur*1 & ! disc]n] ( 8  own duty4 ,& a   
pa/or may h reasons to refuse to take a 
man into  8 p>ticul> *>ge1 )\t reject+  
him z unwor?y4 ,p]haps he  may already h
 m 9 numb] ?an he c well take c>e (4 ,& 
o!r su* reasons may fall out4    #aa4 ,9
 ^? c\ntries :]e ! magi/rate's laws &   
common cons5t1  d take e qualifi$ p]son 
= a memb] ( t *ur* :]e 8  habitation is1
 7call$ a p>i%17 & to :i* he ord9>ily   
resorte?1 ! pa/or t und]take? t *>ge1   
do? !reby seem  to cons5t to be pa/or to
 all su* p]sons 9 t p>i%4 ,& !re        
cohabitation & ord9>y conjunction ) !   
*ur*1 may g = a  signification ( cons5t1
 & in/ead ( m p>ticul> contract or      
cov5ant1 by virtue ( ! exposition ( !   
said laws & cu/oms4  ,yet s1 t a man is 
n !re=e to be tak5 = a memb] ( !  *ur*  
m]ely because he live? 9 ! p>i%2 = s    
a!i/s1  infidels1 h]etics1 & papi/s may 
d2 b because he is1 #a4 ,a  p>i%ion]1   
#b4 ,qualifi$1 #c4 ,jo9+ ) ! *ur*1 &    

actually  submitt+ to ! m9i/ry4    #ab4 
,:]e !re is ?is mu* only1 x is a s9ful  
sl&] to say t  su* a p>i% is no true    
*ur* ( ,*ri/2 h[ev] !re may be _m       
desirable ord]s want+ to its bett] be+4 
,:o ha? ! p[] (  try+ & receiv+ we %all 
%[ anon4    #bej ,matt4 xxviii4 #ai1    
#bj2 ,heb4 xiii4 #g1 #ag2 #a ,!ss4 v4   
#ab1 #ac2 #a  ,tim4 v4 #ag4      ,que/4 
,,xvii4 ,:]e9 do? ! m9i/]ial (fice      
ess5tially  consi/8    ,! (fice ( !     
sacr$ m9i/ry is a mix$ relation 7n a    
simple74#bea ,i4 ,z ! m9i/] is relat$ to
 ,*ri/1 he is 8  s]vant or m9i/] by     
(fice2 t is1 "o commission$ by him =  t 
sacr$ "w3 :]e !re is1 #a4 ,! commission 
itself 7:i* is  n p>ticul>1 b g5]al1 9 a
 g5]al law1 applicable to ea*  s+ul>    
p]son :5 qualifi$74 #b4 ,! det]m9ation (
 !  individual p]son :o is to receive x3
 :i* consi/e? 9 ! call1  :i* ,i h op5$  
be=e & !re=e repeat n4 ,only note aga91 
#a4 ,t by virtue ( ! g5]al commission or
 in/itution ( !  (fice 9 specie1 ! p[]  
is convey$ f ,*ri/ to ! individual      

p]son1 & t ! *ur* 7electors or orda9]s7 
are n !  donors1 au?oriz]s1 or oblig]s1 
b only in/rum5ts ( design+ an  apt      
recipi5t1 & deliv]+ him possession4 #b4 
,t by virtue (  ?is in/itution1 *>t]1 or
 law commission1 x is t ! acts ( a  man 
seem+ly or visibly call$1 are valid to !
 *ur*1 ?\gh  really he 7 n orda9$ or    
truly call$1 b deceiv$ !m by            
hypocritical intrusion4#beb    #b4 ,!   
causation or effici5cy ( ,*ri/ 9 ! mak+ 
any "o a  m9i/]1 is1 #a4 ,dispositive1  
mak+ him a qualifi$1 fit recipi5t2  #b4 
,!n apply+ ! g5]al commission to him1 or
 giv+ him !  function itself4#bec    #a4
 ,! dispositive acts ( ,*ri/ are1 #a4   
,giv+ him compet5t  k = a m9i/]4 #b4    
,giv+ him compet5t goodness2 t is1  love
 to ,god1 tru?1 & s\ls1 & will+ness = ! 
"w4 #c4 ,giv+  him compet5t p[] &       
abilities = execution1 :i* is pr9cipally
  9 utt]ance2 & s qualify+ 8 intellect1 
w1 & executive  p[]4#bed    #b4 ,!      
imm$iate conveyance or act ( collation1 
is1 #a4 ,an obligation  laid on ! p]son 

to d ! "w4 #b4 ,au?ority giv5 him to    
w>rant  him1 & to oblige o!rs2 t is1 a  
jus doc5di1 gub]n&i1  c4    #c4 ,! =m ( 
! relation is d5om9at$1 #a4 ,f !        
reception (  ^! effici5cies 9 g5]al4 #b4
 ,f ! subord9ation :i* h]eby  !y are    
plac$ 9 to ,*ri/1 z _! relation is      
d5om9at$ a  t]m9o4    #a4 ,=mally !     
(fice consi/e? 91 #a4 ,an obligation to 
d ! "w  ( ! (fice4 #b4 ,au?ority to d x1
 & to oblige o!rs to submit  to x4      
#b4 ,^! make up an (fice :i* be+        
d5om9at$ also f !  t]m9us1 is consid]$1 
#a4 ,z to ! ne>e/ t]m1 :i* is !  "w to  
be done4 #b4 ,! remote1 :i* is ! object 
( t "w4    ,! "w is1 #a4 ,tea*+3 #b4    
,rul+3 #c4 ,wor%ipp+4#bee ,& s x is     
ess5tially ,an obligation & p[] (       
m9i/]ial tea*+1 rul+1  & wor%ipp+ ,god4 
#b4 ,z to ! object x is1 #a4 ,! _w to be
 conv]t$4 #b4 ,!  conv]t$ to be baptiz$1
 & congregat$ or ord]$ into p>ticul>    
societies 7s f> z may be74 #c4 ,!       
baptiz$ & congregate to be1  7#a47      
,taught2 7#b47 ,rul$2 7#c47 ,guid$ 9    

wor%ip4#bef    ,f all :i* resulte? an   
(fice :i* is m9i/]ially subord9ate  to  
,*ri/1 #a4 ,! ,prophet or ,tea*]2 #b4 ,!
 ,rul]2 #c4 ,! ,high ,prie/  & ,lov] ( 8
 *ur*2 & x may be aptly call$ bo? a     
tea*+  m9i/ry1 a rul+ m9i/ry1 7n by !   
sword1 b by ! ^w17 &  a prie/hood or    
prie/ly m9i/ry4#beg    ,,ii4 ,z ! pa/or 
is relat$ to ! *ur*1 he is1 #a4 ,a      
con/itutive  "p ( p>ticul> political    
*ur*es4 #b4 ,he is ,*ri/'s m9i/] =  !   
*ur* & = ,*ri/2 t is1 to tea*1 rule1 &  
wor%ip )  ! *ur*4 ,he is above ! *ur*1 &
 great] ?an x1 z to ord]  & p[]1 & n !  
m9i/] ( ! *ur* z ! effici5t ( !  m9i/ry3
 b he is less & worse ?an ! *ur* f9ally 
&  mat]ially2 & is f9ally ! *ur*'s      
m9i/]1 z ! physician is  ! pati5t's     
physician2 n made a physician by him1 b 
*os5 &  us$ z 8 physician = 8 cure3 s t 
to speak prop]ly1 he is  n f !m1 b = !m4
 ,he is ,*ri/'s m9i/] = _! good2  z !   
%eph]d is 8 ma/]'s s]vant1 = 8 flock1 & 
s f9ally  only ! s]vant ( ! %eep4#beh   
,! :ole uncontrov]tible "w ( ! (fice is 

laid d[n 9 my small  book call$         
,univ]sal ,concord1 to :i* ,i mu/ ref]  
y4    #bea ,john xx4 #ba2 xiii4 #bj2    
,luke x4 #c2 ,rom4 x4 #ae2 ,acts xx4    
#bh4    #beb ,phil4 i4 #ae-ag2 ,matt4   
vii4 #bb2 ,rom4 xv4 #ad4    #bec ,eph4  
iv4 #g1 #h2 #b ,tim4 ii4 #b2 i4 #e1 #g2 
,eph4 vi4 #ai2 ,col4 iv4 #c2 #b  ,cor4  
x4 #d1 #e4    #bed ,tit4 i4 #b2 #b ,cor4
 viii4 #f2 #a ,cor4 iv4 #a1 #b2 ,tit4 i4
 #g4    #bee #b ,tim4 #b2 iii4 #b2 iv4  
#aa2 vi4 #b1 #c2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab1 #ac4  
#bef ,heb4 xiii4 #g1 #ag2 ,acts vi4 #d2 
ix4 #dj2 xx4 #cf2 ,mal4 ii4 #g2 ,heb4   
x4 #aa4    #beg ,rev4 i4 #f2 v4 #aj2 xx4
 #f2 #a ,pet4 ii4 #e1 #f4    #beh ,rom4 
i4 #a2 ,col4 iv4 #ab2 #b ,pet4 i4 #a2 #a
 ,cor4 iv4 #a1 #b2 iii4 #e2 #b  ,cor4   
iii4 #f2 xi4 #d2 xi4 #bc2 ,matt4 xxix4  
#de1 #df1 #dh2 #a ,cor4 ix4 #ai4        
,que/4 ,,xviii4 ,:e!r ! p's *oice or    
cons5t is necess>y to  ! (fice ( a m9i/]
 9 8 fir/ "w1 z he is to conv]t         
infidels1 & baptize !m8 ,& :e!r ?is be a
 "w ( (fice8 ,&  :at call is necess>y to

 x8    ,i conjo9 ^! ?ree di/9ct que/ions
 = exp$ition4    #a4 ,t x is "p ( !     
m9i/]'s (fice "w to tea*1 conv]t1  &    
baptize m51 to br+ !m out ( ! _w into ! 
*ur*1 is  und5iable2 #a4 ,9 ,*ri/'s     
express commission1 ,matt4 xxviii4 #ai1 
#bj1  ,g1 disciple me all nations1      
baptiz+ !m-- #b4 ,9 ! execution (  ?is  
commission4    #b4 ,t ?is 0 n peculi> to
 ! apo/les or _! age is prov$1  #a4     
,because n an extraord9>y "w1 l         
miracles1 c4 b ! fir/  great bus9ess ( !
 gospel & m9i/ry 9 ! _w4 #b4 ,because   
o!rs z well z ! apo/les did x 9 t age1 &
 ev] s9ce4 #c4  ,because ! promise is   
annex$ to ! (fice ?us describ$1 ,i am  )
 y always to ! end ( ! _w4 ,or if y     
translate x  age1 x is ! age ( ! *ur* ( 
! ,messiah inc>nate1 :i* is  all "o4 #d4
 ,because x 0 a small "p ( ! _w         
comp>atively  t he>d ! gospel 9 !       
apo/les' days4#bei ,& ! f> greate/  "p (
 ! _w is )\t x at ?is day1 :5 yet ,god  
our ,savi\r  w\ld h all m5 to be sav$1 &
 to come to ! k ( !  tru?4 #e4 ,ev5 :]e 

! gospel ha? long cont9u$1 = ! mo/ "p   
!re are _m /ill t are 9 infidelity4 ,& s
 great a "w is  n left )\t an appo9t$   
suitable means = its p]=mance3 &  if an 
(fice 0 necess>y = x 9 ! fir/ age1 x is 
n cr$ible  t x is left to private m5's  
*>ity ev] s9ce4 #f4 ,especially         
consid]+ t private m5 are to be suppos$ 
insuffici5t2 7#a47  ,because !y are n   
educat$ purposely = x1 b usually =      
some?+ else4 7#b47 ,because t !y h o!r  
call+s to take  !m up4 7#c47 ,because !y
 h no special obligation4 ,& t :i*  is  
no man's peculi> "w1 is usually left    
undone by all4    ,,ii4 ,! p's call or  
cons5t is n necess>y to a m9i/]'s       
reception ( 8 (fice 9 g5]al1 nor = ?is  
"p ( 8 "w 9  special2 b only to 8       
pa/oral relation to !mselves4    #a4 ,x 
is s 9 o!r functions t are ex]cis$ by   
skill4 ,!  pati5ts or p make n a man a  
physician or lawy]1 b only  *oose :at   
physician %all be _! physician1 & :at   
lawy] %all  be _! c\nsellor4    #b4 ,if 
! p's call or cons5t be necess>y1 x is  

ei!r !  infidels' or ! *ur*'s4 ,n !     
infidels to :om he is to prea*3  =1 #a4 
,he is au?oriz$ to prea* to !m 7z !     
apo/les 77  be=e he goe? to !m4 #b4 ,_! 
cons5t is b a natural consequ5t         
requisite = ! reception & success ( _!  
tea*+1 b n to  ! au?ority :i* is        
pr]equisite4 #c4 ,infidels _c d s mu*   
t[>ds ! mak+ ( a m9i/] ( ,*ri/4 #d4     
,else ,*ri/ w\ld h  few su* m9i/]s4 #e4 
,if x be infidels1 ei!r all or "s8 ,if  
"s1  :y ^? r ?an o!rs8 ,or is a man made
 a m9i/] by e  infidel auditory t he>e? 
him8    #b4 ,nor is x *ri/ian p t mu/ d 
?is mu* to ! mak+ (  a g5]al m9i/]3 =1  
#a4 ,!y h no su* p[] giv5 = x1 9  nature
 or ! ^w ( ,god4 #b4 ,!y are g5]ally    
unqualifi$ &  unable = su* a "w4 #c4 ,!y
 are no :]e oblig$ to x1 nor c  fitly   
leave _! call+s = x2 mu* less to get !  
abilities  necess>y to judge4 #d4 ,:i* (
 ! p h ?is p[]8 ,is x any  ( !m1 or any 
*ur* ( private m58 or "s "o m ?an ! re/8
  ,nei!r "o nor all c lay any claim to  
x4 ,!re is "s reason :y  ?is            

congregation r ?an ano!r %\ld *oose _!  
own pa/ors2  b !re is no reason 7nor    
,scripture7 t ?is congregation *oose a  
m9i/] to conv]t ! _w4    ,,iii4 ,i      
conclude !re=e t ! call ( a m9i/] 9     
g5]al do?  consi/1 #a4 ,dispositively 9 
! due qualifications & enablem5t (  !   
p]son4 #b4 ,& ! necessity ( ! p1 )      
opportunity1 is a  provid5tial "p ( !   
call4 #c4 ,& ! orda9]s are ! ord]ly     
electors & det]m9]s ( ! p]son t %all    
receive ! p[]  f ,*ri/4    #a4 ,= ?is is
 "p ( ! p[] ( ! keys or *ur* gov]nm5t4  
#b4  ,& ,paul give? ?is direction =     
ex]cis+ ( ?is p[] to  ,timo?y1 :i* %[e? 
! ord9>y way ( call+2 #b ,tim4 ii4 #b1  
,&  ! ?+s :i* ?\ ha/ he>d ( me among _m 
witnesses1 ! same  commit ?\ to fai?ful 
m51 :o %all be able to tea* o!rs        
also4#bfj ,acts xiii4 #a-c1 ,!re 7 9 !  
*ur* at ,antio*  c]ta9 prophets--,z !y  
m9i/]$ to ! ,"l1 ! ,holy ,gho/ said1    
,sep>ate me ,b>nabas & ,saul = ! "w     
:]eunto ,i h call$  !m2 & :5 !y _h fa/$ 
& pray$1 & laid _! h&s on  !m1 !y s5t !m

 away4 ,& !y be+ s5t =? by ! ,holy      
,gho/1 dep>t$4 ,9 ?is 7:e!r x be call$  
an ord9ation1 or  r a mission7 !re is   
some:at ord9>y1 7t x be by m5 9  (fice17
 & some:at extraord9>y 7t x be by a     
special  inspiration ( ! ,holy ,gho/74  
,& ,timo?y receiv$ 8 gifts & (fice by ! 
imposition ( !  h&s ( ,paul & ( !       
presbyt]y4 #a ,tim4 iv4 #ad2 #b ,tim4 i4
 #f1 #a  ,tim4 v4 #bb1 ,lay h&s sudd5ly 
on no man4    ,^! in/ances make ! case !
 cle>]1 #a4 ,because x is c]ta9  t all !
 gov]n+ p[] :i* is giv5 by ,*ri/ to !   
*ur*  "u ! "n ( ! keys1 is giv5 to !    
pa/ors4 #b4 ,because !re  are no o!r    
competitors to lay a reasonable claim to
 x4    #bei ,rom4 x4 #ae1 #af4    #bfj  
#a ,tim4 iii4 #f1 #g2 ,tit4 i4 #e1 #f4  
,que/4 ,,xix4 ,:]e9 consi/5t ! p[] &    
nature ( ord9ation8  ,& to :om do? x    
belong8 ,& is x an act ( jurisdiction8  
,& is  imposition ( h&s necess>y 9 x8   
,i4 ,?is is resolv$ on ! by be=e4 #a4   
,ord9ation p]=me? two  ?+s3 7#a47 ,!    
designation1 election1 or det]m9ation ( 

! p]son  :o %all receive ! (fice4 7#b47 
,! m9i/]ial inve/iture ( him  9 t (fice2
 :i* is a c]emonial deliv]y (           
possession2 z a  s]vant do? deliv]      
possession ( a h\se by deliv]+ him !    
key1  :o ha? be=e receiv$ ! p[] or "r f 
! own]4    #b4 ,! (fice deliv]$ by ?is  
election & inve/iture1 is !  sacr$      
m9i/]ial (fice 9 g5]al to be aft]       
ex]cis$ accord+  to p>ticul> calls &    
opportunities2 z ,*ri/ call$ ! apo/les1 
& ! ,_s call$ ! ord9>y g5]al tea*]s ( ^?
 times2  su* z ,b>nabas1 ,silas1        
,silvanus1 ,timo?y1 ,epaphroditus1      
,apollos1 c4  ,& z is be=e cit$1 #b     
,tim4 ii4 #b4 ,z a man is made 9 g5]al a
  lic5s$ physician1 lawy]1 c4    #c4    
,?is ord9ation is ord9is gratia1        
necess>y to ord]2 &  !re=e s f> necess>y
 z ord] is necess>y2 :i* is ord9>ily1   
:5 ! great] int]e/ ( ! sub/antial duty1 
or ( ! ?+  ord]$1 is n aga9/ x4 ,z ,*ri/
 det]m9$ ! case ( sabba?  keep+1 & n    
eat+ ! %ewbread4 ,z ! sabba? 0 made =   
man1 & n man = ! sabba?1 & ! end is to  

be pref]r$  be=e ! sep>able means2 s    
ord9ation 0 in/itut$ = ord]1  & ord] = !
 ?+ ord]$1 & = ! "w ( ! gospel1 &  !    
good ( s\ls1 & n ! gospel & m5's s\ls = 
t ord]4  ,!re=e :51 #a4 ,! dea?2 #b4    
,di/ance2 #c4 ,or malignity ( !  orda9]s
 deprive? a man ( ord9ation1 ^! ?ree    
sub/itutes may  notify to him ! w (     
,god1 t he is by him a p]son call$ to  t
 (fice3 #a4 ,fitness = ! works1 9       
und]/&+1 will+ness1  & ability2 #b4 ,!  
necessity ( s\ls2 #c4 ,opportunity4     
,,ii4 ,! p[] ( orda9+ belonge? n1 #a4   
,to magi/rates2 #b4 ,or to  private m51 
ei!r s+le or z ! body ( a *ur*2 b1 #c4  
,to !  s5ior pa/ors ( ! *ur* 7:e!r      
bi%ops or presbyt]s ( a  di/9ct ord]1 ! 
read] mu/ n expect t ,i "h det]m9e74    
,=1 #a4 ,! p[] is by ,*ri/ giv5 to !m1 z
 is be=e prov$2 &  9 ,tit4 i4 #e4    #b4
 ,none else are ord9>ily able to disc]n 
aright ! abilities ( a  man = ! sacr$   
m9i/ry4 ,! p may disc]n a pr(itable     
mov+ prea*]1 b :e!r he und]/& !         
,scripture1 or !  sub/ance ( religion1  

or be s\nd 9 ! fai? & n h]etical1  &    
delude !m n ) a =m ( well-utt]$ words1  
!y are n  ord9>ily able to judge4    #c4
 ,none else are fit to att5d ?is "w1 b  
pa/ors :o are  sep>at$ to ! sacr$       
(fice4#bfa ,x require? m "t to get      
fitness = x1 & !n to p]=m x fai?fully1  
?an ei!r  magi/rates or p c ord9>ily    
be/[4    #d4 ,! p[] is no :]e giv5 by   
,*ri/ to magi/rates or p4    #e4 ,x ha? 
be5 ex]cis$ by pa/ors or *ur* (fic]s    
only1 bo? 9  & ev] s9ce ! apo/les' days1
 9 all ! *ur*es ( ! _w4  ,& we h no     
reason to ?9k t ! *ur* ha? be5 ga!r$ f  
! beg9n+ till n[1 by s great an error1 z
 a wrong conveyance (  ! m9i/]ial p[]4  
,,iii4 ,! ^w jurisdiction z appli$ to ! 
*ur* (fic]s1 is no  ,scripture ^w1 & 9 !
 common s5se s\nde? too big1 z  signify+
 m p[] ?an ! s]vants ( all mu/ claim2 = 
!re  is "o ,lawgiv] :o is able to save &
 to de/roy4#bfb ,b 9 a  m mod]ate s5se x
 may be tol]at$2 z jurisdiction         
signifie? 9  p>ticul>1 #a4 ,legislation2
 #b4 ,or judicial process or s5t5ce2 #c4

 ,or  ! execution ( su* a s5t5ce1       
/rictly tak52 s ord9ation is no  "p (   
jurisdiction4 ,b z jurisdiction         
signifie? ! same ) !  p[] ( gov]nm5t1   
jus reg5di 9 g5]al2 s ord9ation is an   
act  ( jurisdiction4 ,z ! plac+ or *oos+
 ( inf]ior (fic]s may  belong to ! /ew>d
 ( a family1 or z ! call+ or au?oriz+ ( 
physicians belonge? to ! college (      
physicians1 & ! au?oriz+  ( lawy]s to ! 
judges' society1 or ! au?oriz+ ( doctors
 9  philosophy to ! society (           
philosoph]s or to p>ticul> rul]s4  ,:]e 
note1 t 9 ! ?ree la/ in/ances1 ! le>n+  
or fitness  ( ! said p]sons or          
societies1 is b _! dispositio vel       
aptitudo ad pote/atem ex]c5dam2 b !     
actual p[] ( convey+  au?ority to o!rs1 
or design+ ! recipi5t p]son1 is receiv$ 
f ! supreme p[] ( ! l&1 & s is prop]ly  
an act (  au?ority1 "h call$            
jurisdiction4    ,s t ! common di/+ui%+ 
( ord9ation f jurisdiction or  gov]nm5t1
 z if !y 7 tota specie diff]5t1 is      
uns\nd4    ,,iv4 ,imposition ( h&s 0 a  

sign1 7l ! kiss ( peace1 & !  ano9t+ (  
p]sons1 & l our kneel+ 9 pray]1 c47 :i* 
hav+ fir/ some:at 9 _! nature to invite 
m5 to ! use1 0  become a common         
significant sign1 ( a sup]ior's         
b5$iction ( an  inf]ior1 9 ^? times &   
c\ntries4 ,& s 0 "h appli$  ord9>ily =  
its antec$5t significancy & aptitude to 
?is use2  & 0 n purposely in/itut$1 nor 
_h its significancy newly giv5  x by    
in/itution2 & s 0 n l a sacram5t        
necess>ily &  p]petually affix$ to      
ord9ation4    ,!re=e we mu/ conclude1   
#a4 ,t imposition ( h&s 9 ord9ation  is 
a dec5t1 apt1 significant sign1 n to be 
scrupl$ by any1 nor to  be omitt$ )\t   
necessity1 z be+ ( ,scripture1 anci5t1 &
  common use4    #b4 ,b yet t x is n    
ess5tial to ord9ation2 :i* may be valid 
by any fit designation & sep>ation ( !  
p]son4 ,& !re=e if  x be omitt$1 x      
nullifie? n ! action4 ,& if ! orda9]s   
did  x by lett]s to a man a ?\s& miles  
(f1 x w\ld be valid3 &  "s p]sons ( old 
7 orda9$ :5 !y 7 abs5t4    ,v4 ,i add z 

to ! ne$ ( ord9ation1 #a4 ,t )\t ?is    
key1 !  (fice & *ur* doors w\ld be ca/  
op51 & e h]etic or  self-conceit$ p]son 
intrude4    #b4 ,x is a sign ( a pr\d1  
unwor?y p]son1 t w judge himself  fit = 
s great a "w1 & intrude ^u su* a        
conceit1 :5 he may  h ! judgm5t ( !     
pa/ors1 & avoide? x4#bfc    #c4 ,^? t s 
d1 %\ld no m be tak5 = m9i/]s by !  p1  
?an any %\ld g = *ri/ians t are n       
baptiz$1 or  = m>ri$ p]sons ^: m>riage  
is n solemniz$4    #bfa ,acts xiii4 #b2 
,rom4 i4 #a2 #a ,tim4 iv4 #ae4    #bfb  
,isa4 xxxiii4 #bb2 ,jam4 iv4 #ab4       
#bfc ,acts xiii4 #b2 ,heb4 v4 #d1 #aj4  
,que/4 ,,xx4 ,is ord9ation necess>y to  
make a man a pa/or ( a  p>ticul> *ur* z 
su*8 ,& is he to be made a g5]al m9i/] &
  a p>ticul> *ur* eld] or pa/or at once1
 & by "o ord9ation8    ,i h prov$ t a   
man may be made a m9i/] 9 g5]al1 yea1 & 
s5t to ex]cise x 9 conv]t+ infidels1 &  
baptiz+ !m1 be=e  ev] he is ! pa/or (   
any p>ticul> *ur*4 ,to :i* ,i add1 t  9 
?is g5]al m9i/ry1 he is a pa/or 9 !     

univ]sal *ur*1 z a  lic5s$ physician t  
ha? no hospital or *>ge1 is a physician 
9  ! k+dom4    ,&1 #a4 ,z baptism is z  
su* our entrance into ! univ]sal *ur*1  
& n into a p>ticul>2 s is ord9ation to a
 m9i/] an entrance  only on ! m9i/ry z  
su*4    #b4 ,yet a man may at once be   
made a m9i/] 9 g5]al1 & ! pa/or  ( ?is  
or t *ur* 9 p>ticul>3 & 9 k+doms :olly  
in*ur*$ & *ri/ian1 x is usually fitte/ s
 to d2 le/ _m  be+ orda9$ s9e titulo1   
idl5ess & pov]ty ( sup]num]>ies1  %\ld  
corrupt & di%on\r ! m9i/ry3 :i* 0 !     
cause ( !  old canons 9 ?is case4    #c4
 ,b :5 a man is ?us call$ to bo? at     
once1 x is n all done  by ord9ation z   
su*2 b 8 complicate relation proce$e? f 
a  complication ( causes4 ,z he is a    
m9i/]1 x is by ord9ation4 ,&  z he is ! 
pa/or ( ?is p1 x is by ! conjunct causes
 (  appropriation3 :i* are1 #a4         
,necess>ily ! p's cons5t4 #b4           
,regul>ly1 ! pa/or's approbation &      
recomm5dation1 & reception  ( ! p]son   
into _! communion4 #c4 ,& sometimes !   

magi/rate  may d mu* to oblige ! p to   
cons5t4    #d4 ,b :5 a man is made a    
m9i/] 9 g5]al be=e1 he ne$e? no  prop]  
ord9ation to fix him 9 a p>ticul> *>ge2 
b only an  approbation1 recomm5dation1  
p>ticul> inve/iture1 & reception4  ,=   
else a man mu/ be (t orda9$1 ev5 z (t z 
he remove?4 ,b  yet imposition ( h&s may
 fitly be us$ 9 ?is p>ticul>            
inve/iture1 ?\gh x be no prop]          
ord9ation1 t is1 no collation  ( ! (fice
 ( a m9i/] 9 g5]al1 b ! fix+ ( "o t 0  a
 m9i/] be=e4      ,que/4 ,,xxi4 ,may a  
man be (t or twice orda9$8    ,x is     
suppos$1 t we play n ) an ambigu\s ^w1 t
 we  rememb] :at ord9ation is4 ,& !n y w
 see cause to  di/+ui%1 #a4 ,betwe5     
entire1 true ord9ation1 & ! ext]nal act1
  or words1 or c]emony only4 #b4 ,betwe5
 "o t 0 truly orda9$  be=e1 & "o t 0 n4 
,& s ,i answ]1    #a4 ,he t seem$       
orda9$1 & inde$ 0 n1 is n re-orda9$  :5 
he is aft]-orda9$4    #b4 ,x is ne$ful  
!re=e to "k ! ess5tials ( ord9ation1 f  
! integrals & accid5tals4    #c4 ,he t 0

 truly orda9$ be=e1 may 9 "s cases      
receive aga9  ! repetition ( ! b>e words
 & outw>d c]emonies ( ord9ation  7z     
imposition ( h&s74 ,:]e ,i w1 ,i4 ,tell 
y 9 :at cases4 ,,ii4  ,:y4    ,i4 #a4 ,9
 case !re want$ suffici5t witnesses ( 8 
ord9ation2 &  s ! *ur* ha? n suffici5t  
means ( notice or satisfaction1  t ev]  
he 0 orda9$ inde$3 or if ! witnesses die
 be=e !  notification4 ,:e!r ! *ur* %\ld
 take 8 ^w or n1 9 su*  a case1 is none 
( my "q1 b1 ,:e!r he %\ld submit to !   
repetition if !y w n4    #b4 ,especially
 9 a "t & place 7:i* ,i h kn[n7 :5      
writt5  & seal$ ord]s are (t5           
c\nt]feit$1 & s ! *ur* call$ to         
extraord9>y c>e4    #c4 ,or if ! *ur* or
 magi/rate be guilty ( "s causeless1    
culpable incr$ulity1 & w n believe x 0  
done till !y see  x done aga94    #d4   
,or 9 case t "s real or suppos$ integral
 7?\gh n  ess5tial7 "p 0 omitt$1 or is  
by ! *ur* or magi/rate  suppos$ to be   
omitt$2 & !y w n p]mit or receive !     
m9i/] to ex]cise 8 (fice1 unless he     

repeat ! :ole action  aga91 & make up t 
defect4    #e4 ,or if ! p]son himself d 
?9k t 8 ord9ation 0  insuffici5t1 & _c  
ex]cise 8 m9i/ry to ! satisfaction (  8 
own consci5ce1 till ! defect be repair$4
    ,9 ^! cases 7& p]haps su* o!rs7 !   
outw>d action may be  repeat$4    ,,ii4 
,! reasons are1 #a4 ,because ?is is n a 
be+ twice orda9$4  ,= ! ^w ord9ation1   
signifie? a moral action1 & n a physical
  only2 z ! ^w m>riage do?1 c4 ,& x     
ess5tially include? !  new d$ication &  
designation to ! sacr$ (fice1 by a k9d (
  cov5ant betwe5 ! d$icat$ p]son & ,*ri/
 to :om he is  consecrat$ & devot$4 ,& !
 ext]nal words are b a "p1 & a  "p only 
z significant ( ! action ( ! m9d4 ,n[ ! 
(t  express+ ( ! same m5tal d$ication   
do? n make x to be z  _m di/9ct         
d$ications4 ,=1 #a4 ,if ! liturgy or !  
p]son's  words 7 tautological1 or at !  
ord9ation %\ld say ! same  ?+ (t5 ov] & 
ov]1 or = confirmation %\ld say (t5 t   
:i* else might be said b once1 ?is do? n
 make x an (t5 or  multipli$ ord9ation3 

x 0 b "o love :i* ,pet] express$1 :5    
,*ri/ made him say ?rice1 t he lov$ him2
 nor 0 x a ?reefold  ord9ation :i* ,*ri/
 us$1 :5 he said ?rice to him1 ,fe$ my  
lambs & %eep4    #b4 ,& if ?rice say+ x 
t h\r make x n ?ree ord9ations1  nei!r w
 ?rice say+ x at m h\rs1 days1 or mon?s1
 or ye>s  di/ance1 9 "s cases2 = ! "t   
make? n ! ord9ations to be  _m2 x is b  
"o moral action4 ,b ! common error      
arise? f  ! cu/om ( call+ ! outw>d      
action alone by ! "n ( !  :ole moral    
action 7:i* is ord9>ily done to ! l     
deceit 9 !  case ( ! baptismal cov5ant1 
& ! ,"l's supp]74    #c4 ,! common      
judgm5t & cu/om ( ! _w confirme? :at ,i 
say4  ,if p]sons t are m>ri$ %\ld = want
 ( witness or due  solemnity be =c$ to  
say & d ! outw>d action all ov] aga91  x
 is by no wise man tak5 9 ! prop]1      
moral1 full s5se1 = a  second m>riage1 b
 = "o m>riage twice utt]$4    ,& if y   
%\ld 9 witness-be>+ be put to y\r oa?1 &
 !  magi/rate t 0 abs5t %\ld say1 ,rea* 
him ! book aga91 ,i did  n he> him swe>1

 ! do+ x twice is n morally two         
witness+s  or oa?s1 b "o only twice     
physically utt]$4    ,if y b9d y\r son  
appr5tice1 or if y make any ind5tures or
  contract1 & ! writ+s be+ lo/ or       
faulty1 y write1 & sign1  & seal !m all 
aga91 ?is is n morally ano!r contract1 b
  ! same done bett]1 or aga9 record$4 ,&
 s x is pla9ly 9 ?is  case4    #d4 ,b   
re-ord9ation morally & prop]ly s call$1 
is unlawful3 =1  7#a47 ,x is 7or        
implie?7 a lie1 viz4 t we 7 n truly     
d$icat$  & sep>at$ to ?is (fice be=e4   
7#b47 ,x is a sacrilegi\s r5unciation ( 
our =m] d$ication to  ,god3 :]eas !     
m9i/]ial d$ication & cov5ant is = life1 
&  n = a trial2 :i* is ! mean+ ( !      
indelible "*1  :i* is a p]petual        
relation & obligation4    7#c47 ,x is a 
tak+ ! "n ( ,god 9 va92 ?us to d & undo1
 &  d aga92 & to promise & r5\nce1 &    
promise aga91 & to  pret5d to receive a 
p[] :i* we _h be=e4    7#d47 ,x t5de? to
 great confusions 9 ! *ur*2 z to make ! 
p d\bt ( _! baptism1 or all ! m9i/]ial  

adm9i/rations  ( su* z are re-orda9$1   
:ile !y act$ by ! fir/ ord9ation4       
7#e47 ,x ha? ev] be5 condemn$ 9 ! *ur*es
 ( ,*ri/1 z !  canons call$ ! apo/les'1 
& ! *ur*'s con/ant practice1  te/ify4   
#e4 ,?\gh ! b>e repetition ( ! outw>d   
action & words be n  re-ord9ation1 yet  
he t on any ( ! =em5tion$ occasions is  
put to repeat ! said words & actions1 is
 oblig$ s to d x1 z  t x may n seem to  
be a re-ord9ation1 & s be a sc&al to !  
*ur*4 ,or if x outw>dly seem s by !     
action1 he is b\nd to  decl>e t x is no 
su* ?+1 = ! c\nt]pois+ t  appe>ance (   
evil4    #f4 ,:5 ! orda9]s1 or ! common 
e/imation ( ! *ur*1 d take  ! repetition
 ( ! words & action = a re-ord9ation1   
?\gh !  receiv] s int5d x n1 yet x may  
become unlawful to him by ?is  accid5t1 
because he sc&alize? & h>d5e? !         
errone\s1 by  do+ or receiv+ t :i* is   
int]pretative re-ord9ation4    #g4      
,especially :5 ! orda9]s %all require   
?is repetition on  notori\sly wick$     
gr\nds1 & s put t s5se on ! action by   

_! own doctr9es & dem&s3 z = in/ance1   
7#a47 ,if h]etics %\ld 7z ! ,arians7 say
 t we are no m9i/]s1  because we are n (
 _! h]esy1 or orda9$ by su* z !y4       
7#b47 ,if ! pope or any pr\d papal      
usurp]s %all say1 ,y are no  m9i/]s (   
,*ri/1 except we orda9 y2 & s d x to    
e/abli% a  traitor\s1 usurp$ regim5t 9 !
 *ur*2 x is n lawful to s]ve  su* a     
usurpation4 ,z if c>d9als or ar*bi%ops  
%\ld say1 ,none are  true m9i/]s b ^? t 
we orda92 or c\ncils or synods (  bi%ops
 or presbyt]s %\ld say1 ,none are true  
m9i/]s b ^?  t we orda92 or if "o       
presbyt] or "o bi%op )\t au?ority  w\ld 
?us make himself ma/] ( ! re/1 or ( o!r 
*ur*es1 &  say1 ,y are no m9i/]s unless 
,i orda9 y2 we may n promote su*        
tyranny & usurpation4    7#c47 ,if      
magi/rates w\ld usurp ! p[] ( ! keys1 9 
ecclesia/ical ord9ation1 & say t none b 
!y h p[] to  orda91 we may n enc\rage   
su* pret5ces by repetition ( ! words  & 
action4    7#d47 ,if !y w\ld make some?+
 necess>y to ord9ation :i* is  n1 z if x

 7 a false oa?1 or false subscription or
 pr(ession1  or "s unlawful c]emony1 7z 
if x 7 ano9t+1 we>+ horns1 or  any ! l17
 & say1 ,y are no m9i/]s )\t ^!1 &      
!re=e y mu/ be re-orda9$ to receive !m4 
7#e47 ,yea1 if !y decl>e our =m] m9i/ry 
causelessly to be null1  & say1 ,y are  
no m9i/]s till y are orda9$ aga91 & s   
publicly put ?is s5se ^u our action1 t  
we take x z  re-ord9ation2 all ^!       
accid5ts make ! repetition ( ! words  & 
actions to be unlawful1 unless :5 great]
 accid5ts notori\sly  prepond]ate4      
,que/4 ,b if su* *ur* tyrants %\ld h s  
great p[]1 z  t )\t _! repetition (     
ord9ation on ^? t]ms1 !  m9i/ry might n 
be ex]cis$1 is x lawful s to take x 9 a 
case  ( su* necessity8    ,answ4 #a4 ,e 
seem+ necessity to y1 is n a necessity  
to !  *ur*4 #b4 ,ei!r y may publicly    
decl>e a contr>y s5se 9 y\r  receiv+ _! 
new ord]s or n4    #a4 ,if y may n z    
publicly decl>e t y r5\nce n y\r  =m]   
m9i/ry & d$ication to ,god 9 t (fice1 z 
! orda9]s  decl>e _! s5se ( ! nullity ( 

x1 s t y\r op5  decl>ation may free y f 
! guilt ( seem+ cons5t1 ,i conceive  x  
is a s9ful compliance ) _! s94 #b4 ,yea1
 if y may s  decl>e x1 yet if !re be no 
necessity ( y\r m9i/]ial lib]ty  9 t    
place1 ,i ?9k y may n take x on su*     
t]ms4 ,z1 7#a47 ,if  !re be wor?y m5    
en\gh to supply ! *ur*'s wants !re )\t  
y4 7#b47 ,& if y may s]ve ,god          
successfully 9 a p]secut$ /ate1  ?\gh to
 ! suff]+ ( y\r fle%4 7#c47 ,or if y\r  
imprisonm5t  = prea*+ be l to be z      
s]viceable to ! *ur* & gospel z  y\r    
cont9u$ prea*+ on ^? sc&al\s t]ms4 7#d47
 ,or if y may  remove & prea* 9 ano!r   
c\ntry4    #h4 ,:5 any su* case do? fall
 out1 9 :i* ! repetition ( !  outw>d    
action & words is lawful1 x is n lawful 
to mix any false  & sc&al\s expressions3
 z if we 7 requir$ to say falsely1 ,i   
accept ?is ord9ation z confess+ myself  
no m9i/] ( ,*ri/ till  n[3 or any su* l4
    #i4 ,9 a ^w1 a peaceable *ri/ian may
 d mu* z to ! m]e outw>d  action &      
submission1 = ob$i5ce1 peace1 ord]1 or  

satisfaction to  8 own or o!r m5's      
consci5ces4 ,b1 7#a47 ,he may d no?+ =  
good ends :i* is false & injuri\s to !  
*ur*4#bfd 7#b47 ,& he  may n d t :i*    
o!rwise 7 lawful1 :5 x is = evil ends1  
or t5de? to m hurt ?an good2 z to       
promote h]esy1 or *ur*  tyranny &       
usurpation1 :e!r 9 pope1 prelates1      
presbyt]s1 or  p4    #bfd #a ,!ss4 v4   
#bb2 ,gal4 ii4 #d1 #e1 #ad4      ,que/4 
,,xxii4 ,h[ _m orda9]s are necess>y to !
 validity (  ord9ation by ,god's        
in/itution8 :e!r "o or m8    ,my "q is n
 ( ! anci5t canons1 or any human laws or
  cu/oms1 = ^? are easily kn[n2 b (     
div9e "r4 ,n[ ei!r  ,god ha? det]m9$ !  
case z to ! numb] ( orda9]s necess>y1   
or n4 ,if n1 ei!r he ha? giv5 ! *ur* "s 
g5]al rule to  det]m9e x by1 or n4 ,if  
n1 !n ! numb] is n any "p (  ! div9e    
ord] or law2 & !n1 if we suppose t he   
ha?  det]m9$ ! case z to ! orda9+ (fice 
& n to ! numb]1  !n x w foll[ t "o may  
s]ve4 ,! tru? ,i ?9k may be ?us         
expla9$4    #a4 ,!re is ,ordo (ficialis 

prim>ius1 & ,ordo ord9is1 vel  ex]citii1
 vel secund>ius2 an ord] ( (fice prim>y1
 & an  ord] ( ex]cise second>y1 9 !     
*ur*4 ,z to ! fir/1 ! ord]  ( (fice1    
,god ha? det]m9$ t ! orda9+ (fic]s1 & no
  o!rs1 %all orda9 (fic]s1 or give      
ord]s4 ,& hav+ n  det]m9$ :e!r "o or m1 
x foll[e? t ! ord9ation (  "o sole      
lawful orda9] is no nullity on t acc\nt 
because x is  b "o1 unless some:at else 
nullify x4    #b4 ,god ha? giv5 g5]al   
rules to ! orda9]s = ! due ex]cise  ( _!
 (fice1 ?\gh he h n det]m9$ ( any set   
numb]4 ,su*  z are ^!3 t all ?+s be done
 9 judgm5t1 tru?1 love1  concord1 to !  
*ur*'s edification1 unity1 & peace1 c4  
#c4 ,accord+ to ^! g5]al laws1 sometimes
 ! ord9ation ( "o  sole orda9]1 may n   
only be valid b regul>2 z :5 !re are no 
o!r to concur1 or none ^: concurr5ce is 
ne$ful to any ( !  a=esaid ends4 ,&     
sometimes ! concurr5ce ( _m is ne$ful1  
7#a47  ,to ! receiv]'s satisfaction4    
7#b47 ,to ! *ur*'s or p's  satisfaction4
 7#c47 ,to ! concord ( pa/ors1 & (      

neighb\r  *ur*es1 c4 ,& 9 su* cases su* 
cons5t or conc\rse is !  regul> way4    
#d4 ,:]e !re are _m neighb\r pa/ors &   
*ur*es s ne>1 z  t he t is orda9$ 9 "o (
 !m1 is l (t to pass &  prea*1 &        
(ficiate obit] 9 o!rs1 & s o!r *ur*es   
mu/  h "s communion ) him1 x is meete/ t
 !re be a  concurr5ce 9 ! ord9ation4    
#e4 ,! orda9] is c]ta9ly a sup]ior to ! 
p]son t come? to  be orda9$ :ile he is a
 private man2 & !re=e s f> 8  ord9ation 
is 7z is said7 an act ( jurisdiction 9 !
 l>ge s5se1  t is1 ( gov]nm5t2 b :e!r he
 be necess>ily 8 sup]ior  aft] he is    
orda9$1 ha? too long be5 a controv]sy4  
,x is c]ta9  t ! papi/s confess1 t !    
pope is orda9$ su* by no  sup]ior2 & x  
is n necess>y t a bi%op be orda9$ by "o 
or  m ( any sup]ior ord] 7or            
jurisdiction ei!r74 ,& ?\gh !  ,italian 
papi/s hold t a sup]ior papal           
jurisdiction mu/ ne$s be  ! second>y    
f\nta9 ( ! orda9+ p[]1 ?\gh ! orda9]    
himself be b ( ! same ord]2 yet         
prote/ants hold no su* ?+4  ,& all      

ackn[l$ge t z imposition ( h&s on a     
layman to make  him a m9i/] ( ,*ri/ or  
an (fic]1 is a k9d ( (ficial            
g5]ation1#bfe s ! orda9$ z a junior 9   
(fice1 is z x 7  a son to ! orda9]1 z ! 
conv]t is said to be peculi>ly to 8     
conv]t]2 & t a proportionable hon\r is  
/ill to be giv5 him4  ,b :e!r he t      
orda9e? a presbyt]1 & n he t orda9e?  or
 consecrate? a bi%op1 mu/ ne$s be ( a   
sup]ior ord] or (fice1  is a "q :i* !   
read] mu/ n expect me "h to m$dle )4    
#bfe ,ejusdem speciei vel inf]ioris3 ,h[
 !n is ! pope orda9$ or  made8          
,que/4 ,,xxiii4 ,:at if "o bi%op orda9 a
 m9i/]1 & ?ree1 or  _m1 or all ! re/    
prote/ aga9/ x1 & decl>e him no m9i/]1  
or degrade him2 is he to be receiv$ z a 
true m9i/] or n8    ,suppos+ t ! p]son  
want no necess>y p]sonal qualification =
  ! (fice1 !re are two ?+s m 9 "q2 #a4  
,8 (fice1  :e!r he be a m9i/]4 #b4 ,8   
regul>ity1 :e!r he came regul>ly  to x2 
& also 8 comp>ative relation1 :e!r ?is  
man or ano!r  is to be pref]r$4 ,i answ]

 !re=e1    #a4 ,if ! p]son be utt]ly    
incapable1 ! "o bi%op1 or ! _m  :osoev] 
take? him = incapable1 is = ! tru? sake 
to be  believ$ & obey$4    #b4 ,if ! man
 be excell5tly qualifi$1 & 8 m9i/ry     
greatly  necess>y to ! *ur*1 :oev] w\ld 
deprive ! *ur* ( him1 be  x ! "o or !   
_m1 is to be disobey$1 & ! orda9]s      
pref]r$4    ,object4 ,b :o %all judge8  
,answ4 ,! esse is be=e !  scire2 ! ?+ is
 fir/ true or false be=e ,i judge x to  
be s2  & !re=e :oev] judge? falsely 9 a 
case s notori\s &  weighty1 z t ! welf>e
 ( ! *ur* & s\ls is  7consid]atis       
consid]&is7 injur$ & haz>d$ by 8 error1 
is  n to be believ$ nor obey$ on pret5ce
 ( ord]2 because all  *ri/ians h        
judicium discretionis1 a disc]n+        
judgm5t4    #c4 ,b if ! case be n ?us to
 be det]m9$ by ! p]son's  notori\s      
qualifications1 !n ei!r x is1 #a4 ,! man
 orda9$4 #b4  ,or ! p t ! case is debat$
 by1 :e!r !y %\ld take  him = a m9i/]4  
#c4 ,or ! neighb\r m9i/]s4    #a4 ,!    
p]son himself is1 ct]is p>ibus1 m to    

reg>d !  judgm5t ( _m concordant bi%ops1
 ?an ( "o s+ul> bi%op2 &  !re=e is n to 
take ord]s f a s+ul> bi%op1 :5 !        
g5]ality ( ! wise & fai?ful are aga9/ x2
 unless he be sure  t x is "s notori\s  
faction or error t p]v]te? !m1 &  t !re 
be notori\s necessity ( 8 lab\r4    #b4 
,! auditors are ei!r infidels to be     
conv]t$1 7& ^! w  take no man ^u any (  
_! au?orities17 or else *ri/ians        
conv]t$4 ,^! are ei!r ( ! p>ticul> *>ge 
( ! s+ul>  bi%op :o orda9e?1 or n2 if !y
 be1 !n pro tempore =  ord]'s sake1 !y  
owe him a peculi> ob$i5ce1 till "s fur!r
  process or discov]y disoblige !m1     
7?\gh ! mo/ be on ! o!r  side74 ,b yet  
!y may be /ill b\nd 9 reason mo/ to     
suspect !  judgm5t ( _! s+ul> bi%op1    
:ile = ord]'s sake !y submit  to x4 ,b  
if !y are n ( 8 flock1 !n1 ,i suppose ! 
judgm5t  & act ( _m is to prevail s mu* 
aga9/ ! act ( a s+le &  s+ul> p]son1 z t
 bo? neighb\r m9i/]s & p are to  dis[n  
su* an orda9$ p]son z unfit = _!        
communion "u !  notion ( a m9i/]        

7because communion ( *ur*es is ma9ta9$  
by  ! concord ( pa/ors74 ,b :e!r !      
orda9$ man's m9i/ry be1  by _!          
contradictory decl>ation or degradation1
 made an absolute  nullity1 to himself &
 ^? t submit to him1 nei!r ,i w         
det]m9e1 nor %\ld any o!r /rang]s to !  
p>ticul> case2 =  if he be reject$ or   
degrad$ )\t su* cause & pro( z may      
satisfy o!r sob] p]sons1 he ha? wrong2 b
 if he be s degrad$1  on prov$ suffici5t
 cause1 to !m t x is kn[n to1 he give? !
  degrad]s ! advantage4#bff    ,& z1 #a4
 ,all p>ticul> memb]s are to be ob$i5t  
to _! prop]  pa/or4    #b4 ,& all       
p>ticul> *ur*es are to hold             
correspond5cy &  communion accord+ to _!
 capacity4 ,s mu/ m5 act 9 ?is &  su* l 
cases respectively accord+ to ! laws (  
ob$i5ce to  _! pa/or1 & ( concord ( !   
*ur*es4    #bff ,eph4 iv4 #c2 #a ,cor4  
xii2 ,rom4 xiv4 #ag1 #ai2 #a ,cor4 xiv4 
#cc2 #a  ,!ss4 v4 #ab1 #ac2 ,phil4 ii4  
#a-c2 ,eph4 iv4 #ae1 #af2 #a ,cor4 i4   
#aj4      ,que/4 ,,xxiv4 ,ha? "o bi%op  

p[] by div9e "r to orda91  degrade1 or  
gov]n1 or excommunicate1 or absolve1 9  
ano!r's diocess  or *ur*1 ei!r by 8     
cons5t1 or aga9/ x8 ,& do? a m9i/]  t   
(ficiate? 9 ano!r's *ur*1 act z a pa/or1
 & _!  pa/or1 or z a private man8 ,& do?
 ! m9i/]ial (fice cease  :5 a man       
remove? f 8 flock8    ,i ?ru/ ^!        
que/ions all toge!r = _! aff9ity1 & =   
brevity4    #a4 ,e true m9i/] ( ,*ri/1  
bi%op or pa/or1 is relat$ to !  univ]sal
 *ur* by /rong] obligations ?an to 8    
p>ticul>  *>ge2 z ! :ole is bett] ?an ! 
p>ts1 & its welf>e to be  pref]r$4      
#b4 ,he t is no pa/or ( a p>ticul> *ur*1
 may be a pa/or 9 !  univ]sal1 oblig$ z 
a consecrat$ p]son to endeav\r its good1
 by  ! works ( 8 (fice1 z he ha? a      
p>ticul> opportunity & call4    #c4 ,yet
 he t ha? a p>ticul> *>ge is especially 
& ne>li]  relat$ & oblig$ to t *>ge or  
*ur*1 ?an to any o!r "p  ( ! univ]sal   
7?\gh n ?an to ! :ole72 & consequ5tly   
ha?  a peculi> au?ority1 :]e he ha? a   
peculi> obligation & "w4    #d4 ,he t is

 7)\t degrad+7 remov$ f a p>ticul> *ur*1
  do? n cease to be a g5]al m9i/] &     
pa/or relat$ to !  univ]sal *ur*2 z a   
physician put out ( an hospital *>ge1 is
 a  physician /ill4 ,& !re=e he ne$e? no
 new ord9ation1 b only  a special       
designation to 8 next p>ticul> *>ge4    
#e4 ,no man is ! bi%op ( a diocess z to 
! measure ( gr\nd1 or  ! place1 by div9e
 "r1 t is1 by any p>ticul> law or       
det]m9ation ( ,god2 b only a bi%op ( !  
*ur* or p3 =  y\r (fice ess5tially      
conta9e? a relation to ! p1 b           
accid5tally only to ! place4    #f4 ,yet
 natural conv5i5ce1 & ,god's g5]al laws 
( ord] &  edification1 d make x usually 
7b n always7 be/1 & !re=e a  duty1 to   
di/+ui% *ur*es by ! p's habitation3 n   
tak+ a  man = a memb] eo nom9e1 because 
he live? on t gr\nd2 b  = ord]'s sake   
tak+ none = memb]s t live n on t gr\nd1 
& n intrud+ causelessly into ea* o!r's  
b\nds4    #g4 ,he t by ! call or cons5t 
( a neighb\r pa/or & p  do? (ficiate 7by
 prea*+1 sacram5ts1 excommunication1 or 

absolution7 9 ano!r's special *>ge = a  
day1 or week1 or mon?1  or m1 )\t a fix$
 relation to t flock1 do? nei!r         
(ficiate z a layman1 nor yet unlawfully 
or irregul>ly2 b1 #a4 ,z a  m9i/] (     
,*ri/ 9 ! *ur* univ]sal4 #b4 ,& z !     
pa/or (  t *ur* = ! pres5t "t only1 ?\gh
 n /at$ly2 ev5 z a  physician call$ to  
help ano!r 9 8 hospital1 or to supply 8 
place = ! "t1 do? p]=m 8 "w1 #a4 ,z a   
lic5s$ physician4  #b4 ,& z ! physician 
( t pati5t or hospital = t "t1  ?\gh n  
/at$ly4    #h4 ,no man is to intrude    
into ano!r's *>ge )\t a call2 mu*  less 
to claim a p>ticul> /at$ ov]sight &     
au?ority4 ,= ?\gh  he be n a usurp] z to
 ! (fice 9 g5]al1 he is a usurp] z to  t
 p>ticul> flock4 ,x is no error 9       
ord9ation to say1 ,take ?\  au?ority to 
prea* ! ^w ( ,god1 & adm9i/] ! holy     
sacram5ts1 :5 ?\ %alt be !reto lawfully 
call$2 t is1 :5  ?\ ha/ a p>ticul> call 
to ! ex]cise1 & to a fix$ *>ge1 z  ?\   
ha/ n[ a call to ! (fice 9 g5]al4    #i4
 ,yet e bi%op or pa/or by 8 relation to 

! *ur* univ]sal1  & to mank9d1 & !      
int]e/ ( ,*ri/1 is b\nd n only z a      
*ri/ian1 b z a pa/or1 to d 8 be/ = !    
common good2 &  n to ca/ :olly out ( 8  
c>e a p>ticul> *ur*1 because  ano!r ha? 
! ov]sight ( x4 ,!re=e if a h]etic get  
91 or  ! *ur* fall to h]esy1 or any     
p]nici\s error or s91 !  neighb\r pa/ors
 are b\nd bo? by ! law ( nature & _!    
(fice1 to int]pose _! c\nsel z m9i/]s ( 
,*ri/1 & to  pref] ! sub/ance be=e      
pret5d$ ord]1 & to seek to recov]  ! p's
 s\ls1 ?\gh x be aga9/ _! prop] pa/or's 
w4  ,& 9 su* a case ( necessity1 !y may 
orda91 degrade1  excommunicate1 &       
absolve 9 ano!r's *>ge1 z if x 7 a      
vacuity4    #aj4 ,moreov] x is "o ?+ to 
excommunicate a man out ( a  p>ticul>   
*ur*1 & ano!r ?+ = _m associat$ *ur*es  
or  neighb\rs to r5\nce communion ) him4
 ,! special pa/ors (  p>ticul> *ur*es1  
hav+ ! gov]nm5t ( ^? *ur*es1 are !      
special gov]n+ judges1 :o %all or %all n
 h communion z a  memb] 9 _! *ur*es2 b !
 neighb\r pa/ors ( o!r *ur*es  h ! p[] (

 judg+ ) :om !y & _! own flocks w or  w 
n hold communion4 ,z e4 g4 ,a?anasius   
may z gov]nor ( 8  flock decl>e any     
,arian memb] excommunicate1 & require 8 
flock to  h no communion ) him4 ,& all !
 neighb\r pa/ors 7?\gh !y  excommunicate
 n ! same man z 8 special gov]nors1 yet7
 may  decl>e to all _! flocks1 t if t   
man come among !m1 !y  w h no communion 
) him1 & t at di/ance !y r5\nce  t      
di/ant communion :i* is prop] to        
*ri/ians "o ) ano!r1  & take him = none 
( ! *ur* ( ,*ri/4#bfg    #bfg #a ,cor4  
v42 ,tit4 iii4 #aj2 #b ,!ss4 iii4 #f1   
#ad2 #b ,john #aj2 ,rev4  ii4 #ad1 #ae1 
#bj4      ,que/4 ,,xxv4 ,:e!r canons be 
laws8 & pa/ors h a legislative  p[]8    
,all m5 are n agre$ :at a law is1 t is1 
:at is to be tak5 =  ! prop] s5se ( t   
^w4 ,"s w h ! "n conf9$ to  su* common  
laws z are /at$1 durable rules = !      
subject's  actions3 & "s w ext5d x also 
to p]sonal1 tempor>y1 v]bal  precepts & 
m&ates1 su* z p>5ts & ma/]s use daily to
 !  *ildr5 & s]vants ( _! families4 ,& (

 ! fir/ sort1 "s  w conf9e ! "n laws to 
^? acts ( sov]eignty :i* are  ab\t !    
common matt]s ( ! k+dom1 or :i* no      
inf]ior (fic]  may make3 & o!rs w ext5d 
x to ^? ord]s :i* by !  sov]eign's *>t]1
 a corporation1 or college1 or s*ool may
 make =  ! subregulation ( _! p>ticul>  
societies & affairs4    ,i h decl>$ my  
own op9ion de nom9e fully else:]e1 #a4  
,t  ! def9ition ( a law 9 ! prop]1 g5]al
 s5se1 is to be a sign  or signification
 ( ! reason & w ( ! rector z su*1 to 8  
subjects z su*1 in/itut+ or antec$5tly  
det]m9+ :at %all  be due f !m1 & to !m2 
,jus effici5do1 regul>ly mak+  "r4      
#b4 ,t ^! laws are _m m ways div]sifi$ &
 di/+ui%$1  7f ! effici5t1 sign1        
subjects1 matt]1 end1 c47 ?an is meet  =
 u "h to enum]ate4 ,x is suffici5t n[ to
 say1 #a4 ,t /at$  regul> laws1 z di/9ct
 f tempor>y m&ates & proclamations4  #b4
 ,& laws = k+doms & o!r commonweal?s1 9 
reg>d ( laws  = p]sons1 s*ools1         
families1 c4 #c4 ,& laws made by !      
supreme  p[]1 z di/9ct f ^? made by !   

d]iv$ au?ority (  colleges1             
corporations1 c4 call$ by-laws or ord]s 
7= ,i w "h  say no?+ ( p>5ts & pa/ors1  
^: au?ority is directly or  imm$iately f
 ! effici5cy ( nature 9 "o1 & div9e     
in/itution 9 ! o!r1 & n d]iv$ effici5tly
 f !  magi/rate or any man74 #d4 ,t laws
 ab\t great1 sub/antial matt]s1  di/9ct 
f ^? ab\t little & mutable circum/ances1
 c4 ,i say  ! fir/ sort1 z di/9ct f !   
second1 are laws s call$ by  excell5cy  
above o!r laws4 ,b t ! re/ are          
univocally to be  call$ laws1 accord+ to
 ! be/ def9ition ( ! law 9 g5]e4  ,b if 
any man w speak o!rwise1 let him rememb]
 t x is yet  b lis de nom9e1 & t he may 
use 8 lib]ty1 & ,i w use  m9e4 ,n[ to ! 
"q4    #a4 ,canons made by virtue ( !   
pa/oral (fice & ,god's g5]al laws  79   
nature or ,scripture7 = regulat+ x1 are 
a sort ( laws to !  subjects or flocks (
 ^? pa/ors4    #b4 ,canons made by !    
votes ( ! laity ( ! *ur*1 or private  "p
 ( t society z private1 are no laws at  
all1 b agreem5ts2  because !y are n acts

 ( any gov]n+ p[]4    #c4 ,canons made  
by civil rul]s ab\t ! circum/antials ( !
  *ur*1 belong+ to _! (fice1 z ord]]s ( 
su* ?+s1 are  laws1 & may be urg$ by    
mod]ate & meet civil or corporal        
p5alties1 & no o!rwise4    #d4 ,canons  
made by pr9ces or inf]ior magi/rates1   
are no laws purely  & =mally            
ecclesia/ical1 :i* are ess5tially acts (
 pa/oral  p[]2 b only mat]ially         
ecclesia/ical1 & =mally magi/ratical4   
#e4 ,no *ur* (fic]s z su*1 7mu* less !  
p17 c make laws  ) a co-active or       
co]cive sanction2 t is1 to be en=c$ by  
_! au?ority ) ! sword or any corporal   
p5alty1 mulct1 or  =ce2 ?is be+ ! sole  
privilege ( secul> p[]s1 civil1 or      
economical1 or s*ola/ic4    #f4 ,!re is 
no obligation arise? to ! subject =     
p>ticul>  ob$i5ce ( any law1 :i* is     
evid5tly aga9/ ! laws ( ,god 79  nature 
or holy ,scripture74    #g4 ,!y are no  
laws :i* pa/ors make to p out ( _! p[]3 
z ! popes1 c4    #h4 ,!re is no p[] on  
e>? "u ,*ri/1 t ha? au?ority to  make   

univ]sal laws2 to b9d ! :ole *ur* on all
 ! e>?2 or all  mank9d4 ,because !re is 
no univ]sal sov]eign1 civil or          
spiritual1  p]sonal or collective4      
#i4 ,!re=e x is no s*ism1 b loyalty to  
,*ri/1 to r5\nce or  sep>ate f su* a    
society ( usurpation2 nor any disob$i5ce
 or  rebellion1 to d5y !m ob$i5ce4      
#aj4 ,pa/ors may & mu/ be obey$ 9 ?+s   
lawful z magi/rates1 if  ! k+ make !m   
magi/rates3 ?\gh ,i ?9k x unmeet = !m to
  accept a magi/racy ) ! sword1 except 9
 case ( "s r>e  necessity4    #aa4 ,if  
pope1 patri>*s1 or pa/ors %all usurp any
 ( ! k+'s  au?ority1 loyalty to ,*ri/ & 
him1 & ! love ( ! *ur* &  /ate1 oblige u
 to take "p ) ,*ri/ & ! k+ aga9/ su*    
usurpation1 b only by lawful means1 9 ! 
compass ( our prop]  place & call+4     
#ab4 ,! canons made by ! c\ncils ( _m   
*ur*es1 h a d\ble  nature3 z !y are made
 = ! p & ! subjects ( !  pa/ors1 !y are 
a sort ( laws2 t is1 !y oblige by !     
d]iv$  au?ority ( ! pa/ors2 because !   
pa/ors ( sev]al *ur*es d  n lose any (  

_! p[] by _! assembl+1 b ex]cise x )  ! 
great] advantage ( concord4 ,b z !y are 
made only to oblige  ! pres5t or abs5t  
pa/ors :o sep>at$ly are ( equal (fice   
p[]1 s !y are no laws1 except 9 an      
equivocal s5se1 b only  agreem5ts or    
contracts4#bfh ,s ,bi%op ,u%] pr(ess$ 8 
judgm5t  to be2 & be=e him ! c\ncil (   
,c>?age 9 ,cyprian's "t2 b  x ne$s no   
pro(1 any m ?an t a conv5tion ( k+s may 
make  no laws to b9d ! k+s ( ,engl&1 b  
contracts only4    #ac4 ,b yet we are   
aliunde oblig$ ev5 by ,god1 to keep ^!  
agreem5ts 9 ?+s lawful1 = ! *ur*'s peace
 & concord1 :5  great] contr>y reasons1 
a f9e1 d n disoblige u4 ,= :5 ,god      
sai?1 ,y %all keep peace & concord1 &   
keep lawful cov5ants1  ! canons af=d u !
 m9or1 ,b ^! are lawful contracts or    
agreem5ts1 & means ( ! *ur*'s peace &   
concord2 !re=e  7sai? ,god's law7 y %all
 obs]ve !m4 ,s ?\gh ! contracts 7z  (   
husb& & wife1 buy] & sell]1 c47 be n    
laws1 yet t is a  law ( ,god :i* b9de? u
 to keep !m4    #ad4 ,see+ t ev5 !      

oblig+ comm&s ( pa/ors may n by !m  be  
en=c$ by ! sword1 b "w by ! p[] ( div9e 
au?ority or  commission manife/$1 & by  
holy reason & love1 !re=e x is  mo/     
mode/ & fit = pa/ors 7:o mu/ n "l x ov] 
,god's  h]itage1 b be examples to       
all#bfi7 to take ! l[] "n (             
au?oritative directions & p]suasions1 r 
?an ( laws2  especially 9 a "t :5 papal 
usurpation make? su* ru9at+ use  ( t "n1
 & civil magi/rates use to take x 9 !   
nobl] &  n>r[] s5se4    ,! que/ions1 #a4
 ,if "o pa/or make ord]s = 8 *ur*1 & !  
multitudes or synods be aga9/ !m2 :i*   
mu/ be obey$1 y may  ga!r f :at is said 
be=e ( ord9ation4 ,&1 #b4 ,:at are !    
p>ticul>s prop]1 mat]ially1 to !        
magi/rate's decision1 & :at  to !       
pa/or's8 ,i "h pass by4    #bfh ,grotius
 de imp]io sum4 pot4 circ4 sacr4 mo/    
solidly resolve?  ?is "q4    #bfi #a    
,pet4 v4 #b1 #c2 #b ,cor4 i4 #bd4       
,que/4 ,,xxvi4 ,:e!r *ur* canons1 or    
pa/ors' directive  det]m9ations ( matt]s
 p]t95t to _! (fice1 d b9d !  consci5ce8

 & :at accid5ts w disoblige ! p8 y may  
ga!r be=e 9 ! same case ab\t magi/rates'
 laws1 9 !  political directions3 z also
 by an imp>tial transf]r+ ! case to  !  
precepts ( p>5ts & s*oolma/]s to *ildr52
 )\t respect  to _! p[] ( ! rod 7or     
suppos+ t !y _h none su*74    ,que/4    
,,xxvii4 ,:at are ,*ri/'s appo9t$ means 
( ! unity &  concord ( ! univ]sal *ur*1 
& consequ5tly ( its pres]vation1  if !re
 be no human univ]sal head & gov]nor ( x
 ^u e>?8 ,&  if ,*ri/ h in/itut$ none   
su*1 :e!r prud5ce & ! law (  nature     
oblige n ! *ur* to set up & ma9ta9 a    
univ]sal  ecclesia/ical mon>*y or       
ari/ocracy2 see+ t :i* is e  man's "w1  
is z no man's1 & omitt$ by all8    ,i4  
,to ! fir/ "q ,i mu/ ref] y 9 "p to two 
small1  popul>1 yet satisfactory        
,tractates1#bgj writt5 long ago1 t ,i d 
n "o ?+ too (t4 ,briefly n[1    #a4 ,!  
unity ( ! univ]sal *ur*1 is f\nd$ 9 &   
ma9ta9$ by  _! common relation to ,*ri/ 
! head 7z ! k+dom 9 its  relation to !  
k+74    #b4 ,a concord 9 degrees (      

goodness1 & 9 integrals & accid5tals  ( 
*ri/ianity1 w nev] be obta9$ on e>?1 :]e
 ! *ur* is  /ill imp]fect2 & p]fect     
hol9ess & wisdom are necess>y to  p]fect
 h>mony & concord1 ,phil4 iii4 #ab-ad4  
#c4 ,exp]i5ce ha? long taught ! *ur*1 if
 x w le>n1 t !  claim ( a papal head%ip 
& gov]nm5t ov] ! *ur* univ]sal1  ha? be5
 ! fam\s inc5di>y & h9d]] ( concord 9 ! 
*ri/ian _w4    #d4 ,! means to atta9 su*
 a measure ( concord & h>mony :i* is  to
 be hop$ =1 or endeav\r$ ^u e>?1 ,i h s 
di/9ctly1  fully1 & yet briefly describ$
 7) ! contr>y imp$im5ts7 9 my  treatise 
( ! ,reasons ( ,*ri/ian ,religion1 "p   
vii4 *ap4 #ad4  p4 #dgj1 #dga1 9 ab\t   
two leaves1 t ,i w n recite !m4 ,if y   
say1 y are n b\nd to read ! books :i* ,i
 ref] y to2 ,i  answ]1 ,nor ?is4        
,,ii4 ,to ! latt] "q ,i answ]1 ,to set  
up su* an univ]sal head  on !           
supposition ( natural reasons & human   
policy is1 #a4 ,to cross  ,*ri/'s       
in/itution1 & ! laws ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 z 
ha? be5  long prov$ by prote/ants f !   

,scripture4    #b4 ,x is treason aga9/  
,*ri/'s sov]eign (fice to usurp su* a   
viceg]5cy )\t 8 commission4    #c4 ,x is
 aga9/ ! notori\s light ( nature1 :i*   
telle? u (  ! natural incapacity (      
mortal man1 to be su* a univ]sal gov]nor
  ?r\gh ! _w4    #d4 ,x is to s9 aga9/  
long & dreadful common exp]i5ce1 & to   
keep 9 t fire t ha? de/roy$ emp]ors1    
k+s1 & k+doms1  & set ! *ur*es1 pa/ors1 
& *ri/ian _w 9 ^? divisions1  :i* are ! 
great & s]viceable "w ( ,satan1 & !     
imp$im5t  ( ! *ur*'s increase1 purity1 &
 peace1 & ! notori\s %ame  ( ! *ri/ian  
pr(ession 9 ! eyes ( ! infidel _w4    ,&
 if s _m hundr$ ye>s' sad exp]i5ce w n  
answ] !m t  say1 ,if ! pope 7 a good    
man1 he might unite u all1 ,i conclude  
t su* des]ve to be deceiv$1 #b ,!ss4 ii4
 #aj-ab4    #bgj ,ca?olic unity1 & !    
,true ,ca?olic & ,*ur* describ$4        
,que/4 ,,xxviii4 ,:o is ! judge (       
controv]sies 9 ! *ur*8 #a4  ,ab\t !     
exposition ( ! ,scripture1 & doctr9al   
po9ts 9  !mselves3 #b4 ,ab\t ei!r       

h]esies or wick$ practices1 z !y are    
*>g$ on ! p]sons :o are accus$ ( !m2 t  
is1 #a4  ,antec$5tly to our practice1 by
 way ( regulation2 #b4 ,or  consequ5tly1
 by judicial s5t5ce 7& execution7 on    
(f5d]s4    ,i h answ]$ ?is "q s (t1 t ,i
 c p]suade myself to no  m ?an ?is %ort1
 yet cle> solution4    ,! papi/s us$ to 
*eat poor1 unle>n$ p]sons t _c ju/ly    
disc]n ?+s t diff]1 by puzzl+ !m ) ?is  
confus$1  ambigu\s "q4 ,"s ?+s !y       
cunn+ly & falsely take =  grant$1 z t   
!re is su* a ?+ on e>? z a political1   
univ]sal *ur*1 head$ by any mortal      
gov]nor4 ,"s ?+s !y  %uffle toge!r 9    
equivocal words4 ,!y conf\nd1 #a4       
,public judgm5t  ( decision1 & private  
judgm5t ( disc]n+4 #b4 ,! magi/rate's   
judgm5t ( *ur*-controv]sies1 & !        
pa/or's1 & ! sev]al  cases1 & ends1 &   
effects ( _! sev]al judgm5ts4 #c4       
,*ur*-judgm5t z directive to a p>ticul> 
*ur*1 & z a means (  ! concord ( sev]al 
*ur*es4 ,:i* be+ b di/+ui%$1 a few      
words w s]ve to cle> ! difficulty4      

#a4 ,z !re is no univ]sal human *ur*1   
7con/itut$ or gov]n$ by  a mortal head17
 s !re is no p[] set up by ,*ri/ to be a
  univ]sal judge ( ei!r sort (          
controv]sies1 by decisive judicial      
s5t5ce1 nor any univ]sal civil mon>* ( !
 _w4    #b4 ,! public1 gov]n+1 decisive 
judgm5t1 oblig+ o!rs1  belonge? to      
public p]sons1 or (fic]s ( ,god1 & n to 
any  private man4#bga    #c4 ,! public  
decision ( d\bts or controv]sies ab\t   
fai? itself1  or ! true s5se ( ,god's ^w
 & laws1 z oblig+ ! :ole *ur*  on e>? to
 believe t decision1 or n ga9say x1     
because ( !  infallibility or gov]n+    
au?ority ( ! decid]s1 belonge? to  none 
b ,jesus ,*ri/2 because1 z is said1 he  
ha? made no univ]sal  gov]nor1 nor      
infallible expositor4#bgb ,x belonge? to
 ! lawgiv]  only to make su* a          
univ]sally oblig+ exposition ( 8 own    
laws4    #d4 ,true bi%ops or pa/ors 9 _!
 own p>ticul> *ur*es are  au?oriz$      
tea*]s & guides1 9 exp\nd+ ! laws & ^w (
  ,*ri/2 & ! p are b\nd z le>n]s to     

rev]5ce _!  tea*+1 & n contradict x )\t 
true cause2 yea1 & to  believe !m fide  
humana1 9 ?+s p]t95t to _! (fice3 =     
oportet disc5tem cr$]e4    #e4 ,no su*  
pa/ors are to be absolutely believ$1 nor
 9 any case (  notori\s error or h]esy1 
:]e ! ^w ( ,god is disc]n$ to be  aga9/ 
!m4    #f4 ,= all ! p z reasonable      
creatures1 h a judgm5t (  private       
disc]n+ to judge :at !y mu/ receive z   
tru?1 & to  disc]n _! own duty1 by !    
help ( ! ^w ( ,god1 & ( _!  tea*]s4     
#g4 ,! same p[] ( gov]n+ judgm5t lawful 
synods h ov] _!  sev]al flocks1 z a     
pa/or ov] 8 own1 b ) great] advantage4  
#h4 ,! p[] ( judg+ 9 _m consociate      
*ur*es1 :o is to be  tak5 into communion
 z or?odox1 & :o to be refus$ by ^?     
*ur*es z h]etics1 9 specie1 t is1 :at   
doctr9e !y w  judge s\nd or uns\nd1 z x 
is judicium disc]n5di1 belonge? to  e "o
 ( ! c\ncil s+ly3 z x is a judgm5t      
oblig+  !mselves by contract1 7& n (    
gov]n+ ea* o!r17 x is 9  ! contract]s & 
cons5t]s2 & = peace & ord] usually 9 !  

major vote2 b ) ! limitations be=e      
express$4    #i4 ,e true *ri/ian        
believe? all ! ess5tials ( *ri/ianity1  
) a div9e fai?1 & n by a m]e human      
belief ( 8 tea*]s1  ?\gh by _! help &   
tea*+ 8 fai? is g5]at$1 &  confirm$1 &  
pres]v$4 ,!re=e no ess5tial article (   
*ri/ianity is left to any oblig+        
decision ( any *ur*1 b only  to a       
subs]vi5t oblig+ tea*+3 z :e!r !re be a 
,god1 a  ,*ri/1 a heav51 a hell1 an     
immortality ( s\ls8 ,:e!r ,god be to  be
 believ$1 lov$1 fe>$1 obey$ be=e man8   
,:e!r ! ,scripture  be ,god's ^w1 &     
true8 ,:e!r ^? t contradict x are to be 
believ$ !re98 ,:e!r pa/ors1 assemblies1 
public wor%ip1  baptism1 sacram5t ( !   
,"l's supp]1 be div9e in/itutions8 ,&  !
 same ,i may say ( any kn[n ^w ( ,god3  
no mortals may judge 9  p>tem           
utramlibet1 b ! pa/ors are only au?oriz$
 tea*]s &  help]s ( ! p's fai?4 7,& s !y
 be p>tly to "o ano!r47    #aj4 ,if !   
pope1 or 8 c\ncil1 7 ! infallible or !  
gov]n+  expositors ( all ,god's laws &  

,scriptures1 #a4 ,god w\ld h enabl$  !m 
to d x by a univ]sal comm5t>y :i* all m5
 %\ld be  oblig$ to believe1 or at lea/ 
n to contradict4 ,= !re is no  au?ority 
& obligation giv5 to m5 7yea1 to s _m   
successively7  to d t 7= ! ne$ful       
decision ( controv]sies7 :i* !y  nev] h 
ability giv5 !m to d4 ,= t 7 to oblige  
!m to  ?+s impossible4 #b4 ,& ! pope & 8
 c\ncil w\ld be ! mo/  trea*]\s         
miscreants on e>?1 t 9 s _m hundr$ ye>s1
 w\ld  nev] write su* an infallible nor 
gov]n+ comm5t>y1 to end !  diff]5ces ( !
 *ri/ian _w4 ,inde$ !y h judg$ 7)  o!rs7
 aga9/ ,arius1 t ,*ri/ is true ,god1 &  
"o ) !  ,fa!r 9 sub/ance1 c4 ,b if !y _h
 said ! contr>y1 mu/ we  h tak5 x =     
,god's tru?1 or h believ$ !m8    #aa4   
,to judge :o1 = h]esy or sc&al1 %all be 
puni%$ by !  sword1 belonge? to none b !
 magi/rate 9 8 own dom9ions3 z  to judge
 :o %all h communion or be excommunicat$
 f !  *ur*1 belonge?1 z a=esaid1 to !   
pa/ors4 ,& ! said  magi/rate ha? fir/ z 
a man 8 own judgm5t ( disc]n+ :at is    

h]esy1 & :o ( 8 subjects are guilty ( x1
 9 ord] to 8  public gov]n+ judgm5t4    
#ab4 ,! civil1 supreme rul] may         
antec$5tly ex]cise ?is judgm5t  (       
disc]n+ 7by ! tea*+ ( _! prop] tea*]s7 9
 ord] to  8 consequ5t s5t5ces on (f5d]s2
 & s 9 8 laws may tell !  subjects1 :at 
doctr9es & practices he w ei!r tol]ate  
or  puni%4 ,& ?us may ! *ur* pa/ors d 9 
_! canons to _!  sev]al flocks1 9       
relation to communion or non-communion4 
#ac4 ,he t w condemn p>ticul> p]sons z  
h]etics or (f5d]s1  mu/ all[ !m to speak
 = !mselves1 & he> ! pro(s1 & give  !m t
 :i* ju/ice require?1 c4 ,& if ! pope c 
d s at  ! antipodes1 & 9 all ! _w1 ei!r 
p] se1 or p] alium1  )\t giv+ t o!r 8   
ess5tial claim$ p[]1 let him prove  x by
 bett] exp]i5ce ?an we h _h4    #ad4 ,z 
! prime & sole univ]sal legislation     
belonge? to ,jesus  ,*ri/1 s ! f9al     
judgm5t1 univ]sal & p>ticul>1 belonge?  
to  him1 :i* only w end all             
controv]sies1 & f :i* !re is no  appeal4
    #bga ,eph4 iv4 #g1 #ac-af2 #a ,cor4 

xii4 #bh1 #bi2 ,acts xv4 #ag4    #bgb   
,see my ,key = ,ca?olics4      ,que/4   
,,xxix4 ,:e!r a p>5t's p[] ov] 8 *ildr51
 or a pa/or  or _m pa/ors or bi%ops ov] 
! same *ildr51 z p>ts ( _!  flock1 be   
great]1 or m oblig+ 9 matt]s ( religion 
& public  wor%ip8    ,?is be+ t\*$ on   
some:]e else1 ,i only n[ say1 ,t if !   
case  7 my own1 ,i w\ld1 #a4 ,lab\r to  
"k _! diff]5t p[]s1 z to  ! matt]       
comm&$1 & obey ea* 9 t :i* is prop] to  
its  place4    #b4 ,if ,i 7 "y &        
ignorant1 natural necessity1 & natural  
obligation toge!r1 w\ld give my p>5ts ) 
:om ,i liv$ su* an  advantage above !   
m9i/] 7:om ,i seldom see or und]/&7 z   
w\ld det]m9e ! case de ev5tu1 & mu* de  
jure4    #c4 ,if my p>5ts comm& me to   
he> a tea*] :o is aga9/  c]emonies or   
c]ta9 =ms1 & to he> none t are = !m1    
natural necessity "h also 7ord9>ily7    
w\ld make x my duty fir/  to he> & obey 
my p>5ts2 & 9 _m o!r cases1 till ,i came
 to  und]/& ! great] p[] ( ! pa/ors1 9  
_! own place &  "w4    #d4 ,b :5 ,i come

 to *ur*1 or "k t ! judgm5t ( all       
concordant godly pa/ors condemne? su* a 
?+ z damnable h]esy or  s91 :i* my fa!r 
comm&e? me to receive & pr(ess1 ,i w\ld 
m believe & foll[ ! judgm5t ( ! pa/ors &
 *ur*es4      ,que/4 ,,xxx4 ,may an     
(fice tea*] or pa/or be at once 9 a /at$
  relation ( a pa/or & a disciple to "s 
o!r pa/or8    #a4 ,t ,timo?y 0 /ill     
,paul's son 9 po9t ( le>n+1 & 8         
disciple1 & s t "u apo/les ! same p]sons
 might be /at$  9 bo? relations at once1
 seeme? evid5t 9 ,scripture4    #b4 ,b !
 same t is a pa/or is n at once a m]e   
layman4    #c4 ,t m5 9 ! same (fice may 
s diff] 9 age1 exp]i5ce1 &  degrees ( k1
 z t "y pa/ors may1 & (t5 ought1 _m     
ye>s to cont9ue1 n only 9 occasional    
reception ( _! help1 b  also 9 an ord9>y
 /at$ way ( receiv+ x1 & s be relat$ to 
!m z _! ord9>y tea*]s1 by su* gradual   
advantages1 is pa/  all d\bt4 ,& t all  
juniors & novices owe a c]ta9 rev]5ce  &
 audi5ce1 & "s ob$i5ce1 to ! eld] &     
wis]4    #d4 ,b ?is is n to be a        

disciple to him z 9 l[] ord] or  (fice1 
b z ( l[] gifts & grace4    #e4 ,x is   
lawful & v good = ! *ur*1 t "s orda9$   
p]sons cont9ue long z pupils to _!      
tutors 9 s*ools or  academies 7e4 g4 to 
le>n ! holy languages1 if !y h !m n1    
c47 ,b ?is is a relation left to        
volunt>y contractors4    #f4 ,9 ! anci5t
 *ur*es ! p>ticul> *ur*es _h "o bi%op1  
& "s presbyt]s & deacons1 usually ( mu* 
l[] p>ts1 :o  liv$ all toge!r 7s+le or  
*a/e7 9 ! bi%op's or *ur* h\se1  :i* 0 z
 a college1 :]e he daily edifi$ !m by   
doctr9e &  example4    #g4 ,! controv]sy
 ab\t diff]5t ord]s by div9e in/itution1
  belonge? n to me "h to m$dle )3 b z to
 ! natural &  acquir$ imp>ity ( age &   
gifts1 & ! unspeakable b5efit to !      
juniors & ! *ur*es1 t x is desirable t  
!re 7 su* a  way ( _! education &       
edification1 ,i take to be disc]nible to
  any t are imp>tial & judici\s4        
,ambrose 0 at once a tea*] & a le>n]1   
,b$a1 ,eccl4 ,hi/4  m5tione? "o 9       
,engl&1 t 0 at once a pa/or & disciple4 

,&  9 ,scotl& "s t became bi%ops 7 /ill 
to be "u !  gov]nm5t ( ! abbot ( _!     
mona/]ies accord+ to _! fir/  devotion1 
?\gh ! abbot 0 b a presbyt]4    #h4     
,:e!r a settl$1 private *ur* memb] may n
 at once cont9ue  8 v =mal relation to !
 pa/or ( t *ur*1 & yet be (  ! same ord]
 ) him 9 ano!r *ur*1 z _! pa/or1 at !   
same "t1 7z he may 9 case ( necessity   
cont9ue 8 appr5tice%ip  or civil        
s]vice17 is a case t ,i w n det]m9e4 ,b 
he t  d5ie? x1 mu/ prove 8 op9ion 7or   
affirmation ( its  unlawfulness7 by     
suffici5t evid5ce f ,scripture or       
nature2 :i*  is h>d4      ,que/4 ,,xxxi4
 ,:o ha? ! p[] ( mak+ *ur* canons8      
,?is is suffici5tly resolv$ be=e4 #a4 ,!
 magi/rate only ha? !  p[] ( mak+ su*   
canons or laws = *ur* matt]s z %all be  
en=c$ by ! sword4    #b4 ,e pa/or ha?   
p[] to make canons = 8 own congregation2
  t is1 to det]m9e :at h\r or at :at    
place !y %all meet2 :at  translation (  
,scripture1 or v]sion ( ,psalms1 %all be
 us$ 9 8  *ur*2 :at *apt] %all be read2 

:at psalm %all be sung1 c43  except !   
magi/rate contradict him1 & det]m9e x   
o!rwise1 9  su* po9ts z are n prop] to !
 m9i/]ial (fice4    #c4 ,c\ncils or     
assemblies ( pa/ors h ! p[] ( mak+ su*  
canons = _m *ur*es1 z %all be laws to ! 
p1 &  agreem5ts to !mselves4    #d4     
,none h p[] to make *ur* laws or canons 
ab\t any ?+1  save1 7#a47 ,to put ,god's
 own laws 9 execution4 7#b47 ,to det]m9e
 to  t end1 ( su* circum/ances z ,god   
ha? left undet]m9$ 9 8  ^w4    #e4      
,canon-mak+ "u pret5ce ( ord] & concord1
 ha? done a great  deal ( mis*ief to !  
*ur*es2 :il/ cl]gym5 h gr[n up f        
agreem5ts1 to tyrannical usurpations &  
impositions1 & f  concord ab\t ne$ful   
accid5ts ( wor%ip1 to frame new wor%ip  
ord9ances1 & to =ce !m on all o!rs3 b   
especially1 7#a47 ,by  encroa*+ on ! p[]
 ( k+s1 & tell+ !m t !y are  b\nd 9     
consci5ce to put all _! canons into     
execution by =ce4  7#b47 ,& by lay+ !   
union ( ! *ur*es & ! communion (        
*ri/ians ^u ?+s ne$less & d\btful1 yea1 

& at la/ on _m  s9ful ?+s2 :]eby !      
*ur*es h be5 mo/ effectually  divid$1 & 
! *ri/ian _w set toge!r by ! e>s2 &     
s*isms1 yea1 & w>s h be5 rais$3 & ^!    
maladies _c  possibly be heal$1 till !  
torm5t+1 te>+ eng9es be brok5 &  ca/    
away1 & ! volum9\s canons ( num]\s      
c\ncils 7:i*  !mselves also are matt] ( 
undet]m9able controv]sy7 be turn$  into 
! primitive simplicity2 & a few necess>y
 ?+s made !  t]ms ( concord4 ,d\btless  
if e pa/or 7 left :olly to  himself = ! 
ord]+ ( wor%ip circum/ances & accid5ts 9
 8  own *ur*1 )\t any common canons1    
save ! ,scriptures1 & !  laws ( ! l&1   
!re w\ld h be5 mu* less division1 ?an t 
is1 :i* ^! num]\s canons ( all !        
c\ncils1 obtrud$ on !  *ur*1 h made4    
,que/4 ,,xxxii4 ,do? baptism z su* ent] 
! baptiz$ into !  univ]sal *ur*1 or into
 a p>ticul> *ur*1 or bo?8 ,& is baptism 
! p>ticul> *ur* cov5ant z su*8    ,answ4
 #a4 ,baptism z su* do? ent] u into !   
univ]sal *ur*1  & into x alone2 & is no 
p>ticul> *ur* cov5ant1 b !  solemniz+ ( 

! great *ri/ian cov5ant ( grace1 betwe5 
,god1 &  a believ] & 8 se$4    ,=1 7#a47
 ,!re is n ess5tially any m5tion ( a    
p>ticul> *ur*  9 x4    7#b47 ,a man may 
be baptiz$ by a g5]al unfix$ m9i/]1 :o  
is n  ! pa/or ( any p>ticul> *ur*3#bgc &
 he may be baptiz$ 9  solitude1 :]e !re 
is no p>ticul> *ur*4 ,! eunu*1 ,acts    
viii4  0 n baptiz$ into any p>ticul>    
*ur*4    7#c47 ,baptism do? b make u    
*ri/ians1 b a man may be a *ri/ian  :o  
is no memb] ( any p>ticul> *ur*4        
7#d47 ,o!rwise baptism %\ld oblige u    
necess>ily to a man1 & be a  cov5ant    
betwe5 ! baptiz$ & ! pa/or & *ur* into  
:i* he  is baptiz$3 b x is only our     
cov5ant ) ,*ri/4    7#e47 ,we may       
frequ5tly *ange our p>ticul> *ur*       
relation1 )\t  be+ baptiz$ aga94 ,b we  
nev] *ange our relation to ! *ur*  :i*  
we are baptiz$ into1 unless by apo/asy4 
#b4 ,yet ! same p]son at ! same "t t he 
is baptiz$ may be  ent]$ into ! univ]sal
 *ur*1 & into a p>ticul>2 &  ord9>ily x 
ought to be s :]e x c be _h4    #c4 ,& !

 cov5ant :i* we make 9 baptism ) ,*ri/1 
do? oblige  u to obey him1 & consequ5tly
 to use 8 in/itut$ means1 & s  to he> 8 
m9i/]s1 & hold due communion ) 8 *ur*es4
    #d4 ,b ?is do? no m ent] u into a   
p>ticul> *ur*1 ?an into  a p>ticul>     
family4 ,= we z well oblige ourselves to
 obey him 9  family relations z 9 *ur*  
relations4    #e4 ,:5 ! baptiz$ !re=e is
 at once ent]$ into ! univ]sal  &       
p>ticul> *ur*1 x is done by a d\ble     
cons5t to ! d\ble  relation4 ,by baptism
 he pr(esse? 8 cons5t to be a memb] (   
,*ri/ & 8 univ]sal *ur*2 & additionally 
he cons5te? to be  guid$ by t p>ticul>  
pa/or 9 t p>ticul> *ur*2 :i* is  ano!r  
cov5ant or cons5t4    #bgc ,matt4       
xxviii4 #ai1 #bj4      ,que/4 ,,xxxiii4 
,:e!r infants %\ld be baptiz$1 ,i h     
answ]$  long ago 9 a treatise on t      
subject4 ,also :at infants %\ld be      
baptiz$8 & :o h "r to sacram5ts8 & :e!r 
hypocrites are  univocally or           
equivocally *ri/ians & *ur* memb]s8 ,i h
  resolv$ 9 my ,disput4 ( ,"r to        

,sacram5ts4    ,que/4 ,,xxxiv4 ,:e!r an 
unbaptiz$ p]son :o yet make? a public   
pr(ession ( *ri/ianity1 be a memb] ( !  
visible *ur*8 ,& s  ( ! infants (       
believ]s unbaptiz$4    ,answ4 #a4 ,su*  
p]sons h a c]ta9 imp]fect1 irregul> k9d 
(  pr(ession1 & s ( memb]%ip2 _!        
visibility or visible  *ri/ianity is n  
su* z ,*ri/ ha? appo9t$4 ,z ^? t are    
m>ri$1 b n by legal celebration1 & z ^? 
t 9 cases (  necessity are m9i/]s )\t   
ord9ation2 s are su* *ri/ians z         
,con/ant9e & _m ( old )\t baptism4      
#b4 ,su* p]sons ord9>ily are n to be    
admitt$ to ! rights &  communion ( !    
visible *ur*1 because we mu/ "k ,*ri/'s 
%eep  by 8 own m>k2 b yet !y are s f>   
visible *ri/ians1 z t  we may be p]suad$
 nev]!less ( _! salvation4 ,z to visible
  communion1 !y h b a remote &          
incomplete jus ad rem1 & no  jus ad re1 
or legal inve/iture & possession4    #c4
 ,! same is ! case ( unbaptiz$ infants (
 believ]s1 because  !y are n ( ! *ur*   
m]ely z !y are _! natural se$2 b        

because x is suppos$ t a p]son himself  
devot$ to ,god1 do? also  devote 8      
*ildr5 to ,god3 !re=e n nature only1 b  
?is  supposition aris+ f ! true nature (
 8 own d$ication to ,god1  is ! reason  
:y believ]s' *ildr5 h _! "r to baptism3 
!re=e till he ha? actually devot$ !m to 
,god 9 baptism1 !y  are n legally memb]s
 ( ! visible *ur*1 b only 9 fi]i &      
imp]fectly1 z is said4 ,( :i* m anon4   
,que/4 ,,xxxv4 ,is x c]ta9 by ! ^w (    
,god t all infants  baptiz$1 & dy+ be=e 
actual s91 are und\bt$ly sav$2 or :at   
infants may we say s (8    ,answ4 ,i4   
#a4 ,we mu/ di/+ui% betwe5 c]ta9ty      
objective &  subjective2 or pla9li]1 !  
reality or tru? ( ! ?+1 & !  c]ta9      
appreh5sion ( x4#bgd    #b4 ,& ?is      
c]ta9ty ( appreh5sion1 sometimes        
signifie? only !  tru? ( t appreh5sion1 
:5 a man inde$ is n deceiv$1 or m       
usually t cle>ness ( appreh5sion jo9$ ) 
tru?1 :i* fully  quiete? ! m9d &        
exclude? d\bt+4    #c4 ,we mu/ di/+ui% (
 infants z baptiz$ lawfully ^u j  title1

 or unlawfully )\t title4    #d4 ,& also
 ( title be=e ,god1 :i* make? a lawful  
claim &  reception at 8 b>2 & title be=e
 ! *ur*1 :i* make? only  ! adm9i/ration 
lawful be=e ,god1 & ! reception lawful  
only  9 =o ecclesia1 or ext]no4    #e4  
,! ^w baptism signifie? ei!r ! ext]nal  
"p only1  consi/+ 9 ! words & outw>d    
action1 or ! int]nal  cov5ant+ ( ! he>t 
also4    #f4 ,& t int]nal cov5ant is    
ei!r s9c]e1 :i* give? "r to  ! b5efits (
 ,god's cov5ant1 or only p>tial1 res]v$1
 &  uns\nd1 su* z is common to          
hypocrites4    ,conclus4 #a4 ,god ha?   
be5 pleas$ to speak s little 9          
,scripture (  ! case ( infants1 t mode/ 
m5 w use ! words c]ta9ly &  und\bt$ly1  
ab\t _! case1 ) v great caution4 ,& _m  
great  div9es h ma9ta9$ t _! v baptism  
itself1 _c be  c]ta9ly & und\bt$ly prov$
 by ! ^w ( ,god1 b by tradition2  ?\gh  
,i h endeav\r$ to prove ! contr>y 9 a   
special ,treatise  on t po9t4    #b4 ,no
 man c tell :at is objectively c]ta9 or 
reveal$ 9 ,god's  ^w1 :o ha? n          

subjective c]ta9ty or k ( x4    #c4 ,a  
man's appreh5sion may be true1 :5 x is b
 a wav]+  op9ion1 ) ! greate/           
d\btfulness4 ,!re=e we d n usually  by a
 c]ta9 appreh5sion1 mean only a true    
appreh5sion1 b a cle>  & quiet+ "o4     
#d4 ,x is possible to baptize infants   
unlawfully1 or )\t any "r1  s t _!      
reception & baptiz+ %all be a great s91 
z is !  misapply+ ( o!r ord9ances4 ,=   
in/ance3 "o 9 ,am]ica1 :]e  !re is nei!r
 *ur* to receive !m1 nor *ri/ian p>5ts1 
nor  sponsors1 may take up ! ,indians'  
*ildr5 & baptize !m aga9/  ! p>5ts'     
wills3 or if ! p>5ts cons5t to h _!     
*ildr5  outw>dly baptiz$1 & n !mselves1 
z n kn[+ :at baptiz+  meane?1 or desire 
x only = outw>d advantages to _! *ildr52
  or if !y (f] !m to be baptiz$ only 9  
op5 d]ision & scorn  ( ,*ri/2 su* *ildr5
 h no "r to be receiv$4 ,& _m o!r       
in/ances ne>] may be giv54    #e4 ,x is 
possible ! p]son may h no au?ority at   
all f ,*ri/  :o do? baptize !m4 ,&      
,*ri/'s "p 9 reception ( ! p]son1  &    

collation & inve/iture 9 8 b5efits1 mu/ 
be done by 8  commission1 or else h[ c  
we say t ,*ri/ do? x8 ,b op5  infidels1 
wom51 *ildr51 mad-m51 scorn]s1 may d x t
 h none  ( 8 commission4    #f4 ,t all  
infants baptiz$ )\t title or "r by      
misapplication1  & s dy+1 are n         
und\bt$ly sav$1 nor any ^w ( ,god do?   
c]ta9ly say s1 we h reason to believe on
 ^! foll[+  gr\nds4    #a4 ,because we c
 f9d no su* text1 nor c\ld ev] prevail )
 !m  t say s1 to %[ u su* an asc]ta9+ ^w
 ( ,god4    #b4 ,because else gross s9  
w\ld c]ta9ly be ! way to salvation4 ,=  
su* misapplication ( baptism1 by !      
dem&]s at lea/1 w\ld  c]ta9ly be gross  
s91 z well z misapply+ ! ,"l's supp]4   
#c4 ,because x is clean contr>y to !    
t5or ( ! new cov5ant1  :i* promise?     
salvation to none b p5it5t believ]s & _!
  se$3 :at ,god may d = o!rs unkn[n to  
u1 we h no?+ to d  )2 b 8 cov5ant ha?   
made no o!r promise t ,i c f9d2 &  we   
are c]ta9 ( no man's salvation by       
baptism1 to :om ,god nev]  made a       

promise ( x4 ,if by ! *ildr5 ( !        
fai?ful1 be meant n  only _! natural    
se$1 b ! adopt$ or b\ght also1 ( :i* !y 
are true proprietors1 yet t is no?+ to  
all o!rs4    #d4 ,to add to ,god's      
words1 especially to 8 v promise or     
cov5ant1  is s t]rible a presumption1 z 
we d>e n be guilty (4    #e4 ,because   
?is tie? grace or salvation s to !      
outw>d wa%+ (  ! body1 or opus op]atum1 
z is contr>y to ! nature ( ,god's       
ord9ances1 & to ! t5or ( ,scripture1 & !
 judgm5t ( !  prote/ant div9es4    #f4  
,because ?is w\ld make a /range disp>ity
 betwe5 ! two  sacram5ts ( ! same       
cov5ant ( grace3 :5 a man receive? !    
,"l's supp] unwor?ily1 79 scorn1 9      
drunk5ness1 or imp5it5cy17  mu* m )\t   
any "r1 7z infidels17 he do? eat & dr9k 
damnation or judgm5t to himself1 & make?
 8 s9 great]2  !re=e he t gets a *ild   
baptiz$ unwor?ily & )\t "r1  do? n !re=e
 infallibly procure 8 salvation4    #g4 
,because ! apo/le sai?1 #a ,cor4 vii4   
#ad1 ,else 7 y\r *ildr5  unclean1 b n[  

are !y holy2 & ! ,scripture give? ?is   
privilege to ! *ildr5 ( ! fai?ful above 
o!rs3 :]eas !  contr>y op9ion levelle?  
!m ) ! se$ ( infidels &  hea!ns1 z if ^!
 _h "r to salvation by m]e baptism1 z   
well  z ! o!rs4    #h4 ,because else x  
w\ld be ! greate/ act ( *>ity 9 ! _w1   
to s5d soldi]s to cat* up all hea!ns' & 
infidels' *ildr51 &  baptize !m2 :i* no 
*ri/ians ev] yet ?\ght _! duty4 ,yea1  x
 w\ld be too /rong a temptation to !m to
 kill !m :5 !y _h  done1 t !y might be  
all und\bt$ly sav$4    ,object4 ,b t 7  
to d evil t good might come by x4 ,answ4
  ,b ,god is n to be di%on\r$ z to be   
suppos$ to make su* laws1  z %all =bid  
m5 ! greate/ good 9 ! _w1 & !n to tempt 
!m by ! greatness ( ! b5efit to take x  
to be no evil3 z if  he said1 ,if       
soldi]s w\ld g take up a million (      
hea!ns' *ildr5  & baptize !m1 x w put !m
 into an und\bt$ /ate (  salvation2 b   
yet ,i =bid !m do+ x3 & if !y pres5tly  
kill  !m1 le/ !y s9 aft]1 !y %all       
und\bt$ly be sav$2 b yet ,i  =bid !m do+

 x4 ,i ne$ n aggravate ?is temptation to
 !m  t "k ! p[] ( ! law ( nature1 :i* is
 ! law ( love &  good works1 & h[ ,god t
 is mo/ good is pleas$ 9 our do+  good4 
,?\gh he tri$ ,abraham's ob$i5ce once1 z
 if he %\ld h  kill$ 8 son1 yet he /opp$
 him be=e ! execution4 ,& do? he        
ord9>ily ex]cise m5's ob$i5ce1 by =bidd+
 !m to save !  s\ls ( o!rs1 :5 x is     
easily 9 _! p[]8 especially :5  ) !     
adult ! greate/ lab\r & p[]fulle/       
prea*+1 is  frequ5tly s fru/rate1 t n "o
 ( _m is conv]t$ by x8    #i4 ,because  
else ,god %\ld deal ) unacc\ntable      
disp>ity )  infants & ! adult 9 ! same  
ord9ance ( baptism4 ,x is c]ta9  t all  
adult p]sons baptiz$1 if !y di$         
imm$iately1 %\ld n  be sav$2 ev5 none t 
_h no "r to ! cov5ant & to baptism2  su*
 z infidels1 hea!ns1 imp5it5t p]sons1   
hypocrites1 t h  n true rep5tance &     
fai?4 ,& :y %\ld baptism save an infant 
)\t title1 any m ?an ! adult )\t title8 
,i /ill suppose  t "s infants h no      
title1 & t n[ ,i speak ( !m alone4      

,object4 ,b ! *ur* give? !m all "r by   
receiv+ !m4    ,answ4 ,?is is to be     
fur!r exam9$ anon4 ,if y mean a p>ticul>
  *ur*1 p]haps !y are baptiz$ into none 
su*4 ,baptism z su* is a  reception only
 into ! univ]sal *ur*1 z 9 ! eunu*'s    
case1  ,acts viii4 appe>e?4 ,if y mean !
 univ]sal *ur*1 x may be b  "o s+le     
ignorant man 9 an infidel c\ntry t      
baptize?1 & he  is n ! univ]sal *ur*6   
yea1 p]haps is n a lawfully call$  m9i/]
 ( t *ur*6 ,h[ev]1 ?is is b to say1 t   
baptism  give? "r to baptism2 = ?is     
receiv+ is no?+ b baptiz+4  ,b !re mu/  
be a "r to ?is reception1 if baptism be 
a  di/+ui%+ ord9ance1 & all ! _w h n "r 
to x4  ,*ri/ sai?1 ,matt4 xxviii4 #ai1  
,disciple me all nations1 baptiz+  !m--3
 !y mu/ be initially made disciples     
fir/1 by cons5t1 &  !n be inve/$ 9 !    
visible /ate ( *ri/ianity by baptism4   
#aj4 ,if ! *ildr5 ( hea!ns h "r to      
baptism1 & salvation  !reby1 x is ei!r1 
#a4 ,z !y are m51 & all h "r2 or1 #b4   
,because ! p>5ts give !m "r2 #c4 ,or    

because remote ance/ors  give !m "r2 #d4
 ,or because ! univ]sal *ur* gives !m   
"r2  #e4 ,or because a p>ticul> *ur*    
gives !m "r2 #f4 ,or because !  sponsors
 give !m "r2 #g4 ,or ! magi/rate2 #h4   
,or ! baptiz]4  ,b x is none ( all ^!1 z
 %all anon be prov$4    #aa4 ,b z to !  
second "q1 ,i answ]1 #a4 ,x w help u to 
und]/& ! case ! bett]1 if we prep>e !   
way by op5+ !  case ( ! adult1 because 9
 ,scripture times1 !y 7 ! mo/  fam\s    
subjects ( baptism4 ,& x is c]ta9 ( su*1
 #a4 ,t e  "o outw>dly baptiz$ is n 9 a 
/ate ( salvation4 ,t no  hypocrite t is 
n a true p5it5t believ] is 9 su* a /ate4
 #b4  ,t e true p5it5t believ] is be=e  
,god 9 a /ate (  salvation1 z soon z he 
is su*2 & be=e ! *ur* z soon z he  is   
baptiz$4 #c4 ,t we are n to use ! ^w    
baptism z a physical  t]m only1 b z a   
moral1 !ological t]m4 ,because words 7z 
9 law1  physic1 c47 are to be und]/ood  
accord+ to ! art or sci5ce 9  :i* !y are
 treat$ (4 ,& baptism tak5 !ologically  
do? z  ess5tially include ! w's cons5t  

or he>t cov5ant+ ) ,god1  z matrimony   
include? m>riage cons5t1 & z a man      
conta9e? !  s\l z well z ! body4 ,& ?us 
x is c]ta9 t all truly  baptiz$ p]sons  
are 9 a /ate ( salvation2 t is1 all t   
s9c]ely cons5t to ! baptismal cov5ant :5
 !y pr(ess cons5t  by baptism 7b n      
hypocrites74 #d4 ,& 9 ?is s5se all !    
anci5t  pa/ors ( ! *ur*es did concur t  
baptism did wa% away all s91  & put !   
baptiz$ into a pres5t "r to life et]nal3
 z he t  exam9e? _! writ+s w p]ceive3 n 
! outw>d wa%+ &  words alone1 b :5 !    
inw>d & outw>d p>ts concur1 or :5 by    
true fai? & rep5tance ! receiv] ha? "r  
to ! cov5ant (  ,god4 #e4 ,9 ?is s5se x 
is no unfit language to imitate ! fa!rs1
  & to say t ! truly baptiz$ are 9 a    
/ate ( ju/ification1  adoption1 &       
salvation1 unless :5 m5's misund]/&+    
make? x  unsafe4 #f4 ,! sob] papi/s     
!mselves say ! same ?+1 & :5  !y h said 
t ev5 ex op]e op]ato baptism save?1 !y  
add1  t x is only ! meet receiv]2 t is1 
! p5it5t believ]1 &  no o!r ( ! adult4  

,s t hi!rto !re is no diff]5ce4    #b4  
,n[ let u by ?is try ! case ( infants2  
conc]n+ :i* !re  are all ^! sev]al      
op9ions among div9es4    7#a47 ,"s ?9k t
 all infants 7baptiz$ or n7 are sav$ f  
hell1 & positive puni%m5t1 b are n      
br\ght to heav51 z be+  n capable ( su* 
joys4    7#b47 ,"s ?9k t all infants    
7dy+ su*7 are sav$ z o!rs are1  by      
actual felicity 9 heav51 ?\gh 9 a l[]   
degree4 ,bo? ^!  sorts suppose t ,*ri/'s
 dea? save? all t reject x n1 &  t      
infants reject x n4    7#c47 ,"s ?9k t  
all unbaptiz$ infants d suff] ! pnam    
damni1 & are %ut out ( heav5 & happ9ess1
 b n s5sibly  puni%$ or ca/ into hell4  
,= ?is ,jans5ius ha? wrote a treatise2  
& _m o!r papi/s ?9k s4    7#d47 ,"s ?9k 
t all ! *ildr5 ( s9c]e believ]s dy+ 9   
infancy are sav$1 7t is1 glorifi$17 :e!r
 baptiz$ or n2 &  no o!rs4    7#e47 ,"s 
?9k t ,god ha? n at all reveal$ :at he w
 d )  any infants4    7#f47 ,"s ?9k t he
 ha? promis$ salvation z a=esaid to     
believ]s & _! se$1 b ha? n at all       

reveal$ to u :at he  w d ) all ! re/4   
7#g47 ,"s ?9k t only ! baptiz$ *ildr5 ( 
true believ]s are  c]ta9ly 7by promise7 
sav$4    7#h47 ,"s ?9k t all ! adopt$ & 
b\ght *ildr5 ( true  *ri/ians1 z well z 
! natural1 are sav$ 7if baptiz$1 say "s2
  or if n1 say o!rs74    7#i47 ,"s ?9k t
 elect infants are sav$1 & no o!r1 b no 
man  c "k :o ^? are4 ,& ( ^!1 #a4 ,"s   
d5y infant baptism4 #b4  ,mo/ say t !y  
are to be baptiz$1 & t !reby ! non-elect
  are only receiv$ into ! visible *ur* &
 its privileges1 b n  to any promise or 
c]ta9ty ( ju/ification1 or a /ate (     
salvation4    7#aj47 ,"s ?9k t all t are
 baptiz$ by ! d$ication (  *ri/ian      
sponsors are sav$4    7#aa47 ,"s ?9k t  
all t ! pa/or d$icate? to ,god are sav$ 
7because s d$icat$ by him1 say "s2 or   
because baptiz$ ex op]e  op]ato1 say    
o!rs74 ,& s all baptiz$ infants are 9 a 
/ate (  salvation4    7#ab47 ,"s ?9k t  
?is is to be limit$ to all t h "r to    
baptism coram ,deo2 :i* "s ?9k ! *ur*'s 
reception give?  !m1 ( :i* anon4        

7#ac47 ,& "s ?9k x is to be limit$ to ^?
 t h "r  coram ecclesia1 or are         
rightfully baptiz$ ex p>te m9i/rantis1  
:]e "s make ! magi/rate's comm&         
suffici5t1 & "s !  bi%op's1 & "s !      
baptiz]'s w4    ,( ! title to baptism ,i
 %all speak anon4 ,( ! salvation (      
infants1 x is too t$i\s to confute all t
 ,i diss5t f3 n  presum+ 9 su* d>kness &
 div]sity ( op9ions to be p]emptory1    
nor to say1 ,i am c]ta9 by ! ^w ( ,god  
:o are und\bt$ly sav$1  nor yet to d5y !
 und\bt$ c]ta9ty ( wis] m51 :o may "k  t
 :i* su* z ,i d d\bt (1 b submitt+ :at  
,i say to !  judgm5t ( ! *ur* ( ,god &  
my sup]iors1 ,i humbly lay d[n my  own  
?\ghts z foll[e?4    #a4 ,i ?9k t !re c 
no promise or pro( be produc$ t all     
unbaptiz$ infants are sav$1 ei!r f ! pna
 damni or  s5sus1 or bo?4    #b4 ,i ?9k 
t no man c prove t all unbaptiz$ infants
 are  damn$1 or d5i$ heav54 ,nay1 ,i ?9k
 ,i c prove a promise ( !  contr>y4     
#c4 ,all t are rightfully baptiz$ 9 =o  
ext]no are visible  *ur* memb]s1 & h    

ecclesia/ical "r to ! privileges ( !    
visible *ur*4    #d4 ,i ?9k ,*ri/ nev]  
in/itut$ baptism = collation ( ^!       
outw>d privileges alone1 unless z on    
supposition t p]sons  culpably fail ( ! 
bett] ends4    #e4 ,i ?9k baptism is a  
solemn mutual contract or cov5ant betwe5
  ,*ri/ & ! baptiz$ p]son4 ,& t x is b  
"o cov5ant1 ev5  ! cov5ant ( grace :i*  
is ! sum ( ! gospel1 :i* is seal$  &    
receiv$ 9 baptism2 & t ?is cov5ant      
ess5tially conta9e?  our sav+ relation  
to ,god ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/1 & 
our  p>don1 ju/ification1 & adoption or 
"r to life ev]la/+2 &  t ,god nev] made 
any di/9ct cov5ant ( outw>d privileges  
alone1  to be seal$ by baptism4 ,b t    
outw>d m]cies are ! second &  less] gift
 ( ! same cov5ant :i* give? fir/ ! great
 &  sav+ bless+s4    #f4 ,& !re=e t     
:oev] ha? "r be=e ,god1 to claim &      
receive baptism1 ha? "r also to !       
b5efits ( ! cov5ant (  ,god1 & t is1 to 
salvation2 ?\gh ,i say n s ( e "o t  ha?
 su* "r be=e ! *ur*1 z t ,god do?       

require !  m9i/] to baptize him4 ,= by  
"r be=e ,god1 or 9 =o  cli1 ,i mean su* 
a "r z w ju/ify ! claim be=e ,god       
imm$iately1 ! p]son be+ "o :om he       
comm&e? 9 t pres5t  /ate to claim &     
receive baptism4 ,= _m a "o ha? no su*  
"r  be=e ,god to claim or receive x1 :5 
yet ! m9i/] ha? "r to  give x !m if !y d
 claim x4    ,! case /&s ?us4 ,god sai? 
9 8 cov5ant1 ,he t believe?  %all be    
sav$1 & ought to be baptiz$1 to pr(ess t
 belief1 &  be inve/$ 9 ! b5efits ( !   
cov5ant2 & he t pr(esse? to  believe1   
7:e!r he d or n17 is by ! *ur* to be    
tak5 = a  visible believ]1 & by baptism 
to be receiv$ into ! visible  *ur*4 ,"h 
,god calle? none b true believ]s 7& _!  
se$7 to  be baptiz$1 nor make? an actual
 promise or cov5ant ) any o!r2  & s ,i  
say t none o!r h "r 9 =o cli4 ,b yet !  
*ur* kn[e? n m5's he>ts1 & mu/ take a   
s]i\s pr(ession  = a cr$ible sign ( !   
fai? pr(ess$1 & = t outw>d title  ^u :i*
 x is a duty ( ! pa/or to baptize !     
claim]4#bge ,s  t ! mo/ malignant1      

scornful hypocrite1 t make? a seem+ly   
s]i\s pr(ession1 ha? "r coram ecclesia1 
b n coram ,deo1  save 9 ?is s5se1 t ,god
 w\ld h ! m9i/] baptize him4 ,b  ?is ,i 
h l>geli] op5$ 9 my ,disputations ( ,"r 
to  ,sacram5ts4    #g4 ,i ?9k !re=e t   
all ! *ildr5 ( true *ri/ians1 d by      
baptism receive a public inve/iture by  
,god's appo9tm5t into a /ate  (         
remission1 adoption1 & "r to salvation  
at ! pres5t2 ?\gh  ,i d>e n say t ,i am 
und\bt$ly c]ta9 ( x1 z kn[+ h[  mu* is  
said aga9/ x4 ,b ,i say z ! synod (     
,dort1 art4 #a4 ,t  believ+ p>5ts h no  
cause to d\bt ( ! salvation ( _!  *ildr5
 t die 9 infancy1 be=e !y commit actual 
s92 t is1  n to tr\ble !mselves ) fe>s  
ab\t x4    ,! reasons t move me to be ( 
?is judgm5t 7?\gh n )\t  d\bt+ &        
hesitancy7 are ^!2 #a4 ,because :oev]   
ha? "r to  ! pres5t inve/iture1 deliv]y1
 & possession ( ! fir/ &  great b5efits 
( ,god's cov5ant made ) man 9 baptism1  
ha? "r  to p>don1 & adoption1 & ev]la/+ 
life3 b ! infants ( true  *ri/ians h "r 

to ! pres5t inve/iture1 deliv]y &       
possession ( ! fir/ & great b5efits (   
,god's cov5ant made )  man 9 baptism2   
!re=e !y h "r to p>don & ev]la/+  life4 
,ei!r infants are 9 ! same cov5ant 7t   
is1 are subjects ( !  same promise (    
,god7 ) _! believ+ p>5ts1 or 9 "s o!r   
cov5ant1 or 9 no cov5ant4 ,if !y be "u  
no cov5ant1 7or  promise17 or "u "s o!r 
promise or cov5ant only1 & n !  same1 !y
 are n to be baptiz$4 ,= baptism is a   
mutual  cov5ant+2 :]e ! m9i/] by ,*ri/'s
 commission 9 8 "n  acte? 8 "p1 & !     
believ] 8 own & 8 infant's "p3 &  ,god  
ha? b "o cov5ant1 :i* is to be made1    
seal$1 & deliv]$  9 baptism4 ,baptism is
 n an equivocal ^w1 s z to signify div]s
  cov5ants ( ,god4    ,object4 ,b ! same
 cov5ant ( ,god ha? div]s sorts (       
b5efits2  ! special ,god give? to !     
s9c]e1 & ! common to ! common  &        
hypocritical receiv]4    ,answ4 #a4 ,god
 inde$ require? ! m9i/] to take         
pr(ession =  ! visible *ur* title2 & s x
 be+ ! m9i/]'s duty s f>  to believe a  

li>1 & to receive dissembl]s :o _h no "r
 to lay  t claim1 y may say t ,god      
indirectly & improp]ly give? !m  *ur*   
privileges3 b prop]ly1 t is1 by 8       
promise or cov5ant  de$ or gift1 he     
give? !m no?+ at all2 = 8 cov5ant is "o 
& undivid$ 9 its action1 ?\gh x give    
sev]al b5efits1 &  ?\gh provid5ce may   
give "o & n ano!r1 yet ! cov5ant  give? 
all or none4 ,god sai? t godl9ess ha? ! 
promise ( ?is  life & ( t to come2 b he 
nev] said 7t ,i "k (7 to !  hypocrite or
 uns\nd believ]1 ,i promise or give "r  
to common  m]cies4#bgf    #b4 ,b suppose
 x 7 o!rwise1 yet ei!r ! *ildr5 ( true  
believ]s h ! true condition ( "r to !   
special bless+s (  ! cov5ant1 or !y h n 
! condition ( any at all4 ,= !re  c no m
 be requir$ ( an infant1 z to any       
special bless+s (  ! cov5ant1 ?an t he  
be ! *ild ( believ+ p>5ts1 & by  !m     
d$icat$ to ,god4 ,ei!r ?is condition    
entitle? !m to all !  cov5ant promises  
:i* ! adult believ] is entitl$ to1 7z f>
 z  _! natures are capable17 or x       

entitle? !m to none at all2 nor  are !y 
to be baptiz$2 = ,god ha? 9 ,scripture  
in/itut$ b "o  baptism1 7to pr(ess "o   
fai?17 & t "o is ev] = !  remission (   
s9s3#bgg ,he t believe? & is baptiz$    
%all be  sav$1 ,m>k xvi4 #af4    #c4 ,or
 if all ! re/ 7 grant$ y1 yet x w\ld    
foll[ t all  infants 9 ! _w1 ev5 ( true 
believ]s1 are left out ( ,god's  cov5ant
 ( grace1 t is1 ! cov5ant or promise (  
p>don &  life2 & are only tak5 into !   
cov5ant ( *ur* privileges4 ,&  s1 #a4 ,y
 w make two cov5ants1 7:i* y d5i$17 & n 
only  two sorts ( b5efits ( "o cov5ant4 
#b4 ,& two species ( baptism2  :ile all 
infants 9 ! _w are only "u a cov5ant (  
outw>d  privileges1 & h no baptism1 b ! 
seal ( t cov5ant1 :ile  believ]s h !    
cov5ant1 promise1 & seal ( p>don & life4
    #b4 ,& ?is is my second reason2     
because !n we h no promise or  c]ta9ty1 
or gr\nd ( fai?1 = ! p>don & salvation (
 any  individual infants 9 ! _w4 ,& s   
p>5ts are left to little  com=t = _!    
*ildr54 ,& if !re be no promise !re is  

no  fai? ( x1 nor any baptism to seal x2
 & s we /ill make  antipdobaptism       
unavoidable4 ,= :o d>e set ,god's seal  
to su* z  h no promise8 or pret5d to    
inve/ any 9 a ne> & sav+  relation to   
,god ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/1 7:i* 
is ! v  nature ( baptism17 :5 ,god ha?  
giv5 no su* commission8    ,object4     
,yes3 baptism & ! cov5ant ( special     
promises are =  all ! elect1 ?\gh we "k 
n :o !y are4    ,answ4 #a4 ,i d5y n     
,god's et]nal1 antec$5t election2 b ,i  
d5y  t ! ,scripture ev] m5tione? 8      
p>don+ or glorify+ any1  ^u ! acc\nt (  
election only1 )\t c]ta9 spiritual      
conditions1 :i* may be giv5 z ! reason (
 ! diff]5ce 9  judgm5t4 ,god may freely 
give ! gospel to :om he w1 & also  fai? 
or ! fir/ grace by ! gospel1 )\t any    
previ\s condition  9 man1 b accord+ to 8
 free election only3 b he give? p>don  &
 heav5 z a rector by 8 equal laws &     
judgm5t2 & always  r5d]e? a reason ( !  
diff]5ce1 f ! qualifications ( man4     
#b4 ,& if ?is 7 z y say1 x w\ld /ill    

ov]?r[ infant  baptism4 ,= ei!r we mu/  
baptize all indiff]5tly1 or none1 or    
else "k h[ to make a diff]5ce4 ,all mu/ 
n be baptiz$  indiff]5tly3 & election is
 a secret ?+ to u1 & by x no  m9i/] 9 ! 
_w c tell :om to baptize3 !re=e he mu/  
baptize none1 if !re be no o!r diff]5c+ 
note to "k !m by4    ,object4 ,god ha? m
 elect ones among ! infants ( true      
believ]s  ?an among o!rs3 & !re=e !y are
 all to be baptiz$4    ,answ4 #a4 ,x w  
be h>d to prove t mu* 7t he ha? m7 if   
!re be no promise to !m all z su*4 #b4  
,if he h m1 yet no  man kn[e? h[ _m1 &  
:e!r ! elect be "o ( t51 tw5ty1  =ty1 or
 a hundr$1 9 comp>ison ( ! non-elect2 = 
,scripture  tells x n4 ,s t no m9i/] ( a
 *ur* is sure t any "o  infant t he ev] 
baptiz$ is elect4 #c4 ,& ,god ha? giv5  
no su*  rule = seal+ & deliv]+ 8 cov5ant
 ) ! b5efits z to  ca/ x hap haz>d among
 all1 because x is possible or probable 
x  may belong to "s4    ,object4 ,y h no
 c]ta9ty :at adult pr(essor is s9c]e1   
nor  to :i* ( !m ! special b5efits      

belong2 no1 n ( any "o 9 a  *ur*4 ,& yet
 because !re is a probability t among _m
 !re  are "s s9c]e1 y baptize !m all4   
,take !n ! bir? privilege  b z equal to 
! pr(ession ( ! adult4    ,answ4 ,?is   
p>tly satisfi$ me sometimes3 b ,i _c    
=get t a  visible1 false1 or            
hypocritical pr(ession is n ! condition 
(  ,god's own cov5ant ( grace1 nor t :i*
 he require? 9 u1 to  make u p>tak]s ( 8
 cov5ant b5efits2 nay1 he nev] at all   
comm&e? x2 b only comm&e? t pr(ession ( 
cons5t1 :i*  foll[e? ! real cons5t ( !  
he>t3#bgh he t condemne?  ly+1 make? x  
nei!r ! condition ( our *ur* memb]%ip1 z
  8 gift by promise1 nor yet our duty4  
,& m>k well1 t x is a pr(ess$ cons5t to 
! :ole cov5ant  t ,god require?1 z !    
condition ( our true "r to any "p or    
b5efit ( x4 ,he t %all only say1 ,i     
cons5t to be a visible  *ur* memb]1 do? 
!reby acquire no "r to t memb]%ip2 no1  
n 9 =o ecclesi1 b he mu/ also pr(ess t  
he cons5te? to  h ,god = 8 ,god1 & ,*ri/
 = 8 ,"l & ,savi\r1 & !  ,holy ,_s = 8  

,sanctifi]4 ,s t he mu/ be a li>1 or a  
s\nd  believ]1 t make? ?is pr(ession4   
,b = an infant to be born ( true        
believ]s1 & s9c]ely by !m  d$icat$ 9    
cov5ant to ,god1 is all ! condition t   
ev] ,god  requir$ to an infant-title to 
8 cov5ant2 & x is n ! failure  ( ! true 
condition z a false pr(ession is4       
,inde$ if ! proposition 7 ?us laid1 x   
w\ld hold good3 ,z we  "k n :o s9c]ely  
cov5ante? = himself1 & yet we mu/       
baptize all t sob]ly pr(ess x2 s we "k n
 :o do? s9c]ely  cov5ant = 8 infant1 &  
yet mu/ baptize all :om ! p>5ts  br+ )  
su* a pr(ession1 = !mselves & !m4    ,b 
if ! s9c]e d$ication ( a s\nd believ]1  
%all be acc\nt$  b equal to ! ly+       
pr(ession ( ! adult1 :i* is nei!r       
comm&$1 nor ha? any promise1 !n infants 
are n 9 ! cov5ant  ( grace1 nor is !    
s9c]e/ d$ication to ,god ei!r comm&$ or 
ha? any promise4    ,if ,i 7 b sure t ! 
pr(ession ( ! adult = himself 7  s9c]e1 
,i 7 sure t he 7 9 a /ate ( grace4 ,& if
 ,i am n  sure ( ! same conc]n+ ! p>5t's

 d$ication ( 8 infant1 ,i  mu/ conclude 
t ?is is n a condition ( ! same cov5ant1
 &  !re=e t he is n 9 ! same cov5ant 7or
 conditional promise  ( ,god7 unless !re
 be "s o!r condition requir$ 9 him or = 
him2 b !re is no o!r t c be devis$4     
,object4 ,election is ! condition4      
,answ4 ,election is ,god's act & n      
man's2 & !re=e may be an  antec$5t1 b no
 condition requir$ ( u4 ,& man is n     
call$ to  make pr(ession t he is elect$1
 z he is to make pr(ession ( 8  fai? &  
cons5t to ! cov5ant4 ,& ,god only kn[e? 
:o are 8 by  election1 & !re=e ,god only
 c baptize on ?is acc\nt4    ,& :at is !
 probability :i* ! object]s mean1 t _m (
 !  infants ( ! fai?ful are elect$8     
,ei!r x is a promise1 or b a  pr$iction2
 if no promise1 x is n to be seal$ by   
baptism2 if a  promise1 x is absolute or
 conditional4 ,if any absolute promise1 
z1 ,i  w save _m *ildr5 ( believ]s1 #a4 
,?is t]m9ate? n on any  s+ul> p]son1 z  
baptism do?1 &1 #b4 ,x is n ! absolute  
promise t baptism is appo9t$ by ,*ri/ to

 seal4 ,?is is app>5t  9 ,m>k xvi4 #af1 
& 9 ! case ( ! adult4 ,& x is n "o      
cov5ant :i* is seal$ to ! adult by      
baptism1 & ano!r to  infants4 ,else     
baptism also %\ld n be ! same4 ,b if x  
be any  conditional cov5ant1 :at is x1 &
 :at is ! condition8    ,& :at is x t   
baptism give? to ! se$ ( believ]s1 if !y
  be n ju/ifi$ by x f orig9al s98 ,y w n
 say1 t x  conveye? inh]5t sanctify+    
grace1 no n into all ! elect  !mselves1 
:i* _m are _m ye>s aft] )\t4 ,& y _c    
say1 t x seale? to !m any promise1 s mu*
 z ( visible *ur*  privileges2 = ,god   
may suff] !m pres5tly to be made        
janiz>ies1  & viol5tly tak5 f _! p>5ts1 
& become /rang]s &  despis]s ( *ur*     
privileges1 z is ord9>y ) ! ,greek's    
*ildr5 among ! ,turks4 ,n[ ,god ei!r    
promis$ su* *ur*  privileges absolutely1
 or conditionally1 or n at all4 ,n      
absolutely1 = !n !y w\ld possess !m4 ,if
 conditionally1 :at  is ! condition8 ,if
 n at all1 :at promise !n do? baptism   
seal  to su*1 & :at b5efit do? x secure8

 ,god ha? in/itut$ no  baptism1 :i* is a
 m]e pres5t deliv]y ( possession ( a    
*ur*  /ate1 )\t seal+ any promise at    
all4 ,true baptism fir/ seale?  !       
promise1 & !n deliv]e? possession ( "s  
b5efits4    ,yea1 inde$ outw>d *ur*     
privileges are su* unc]ta9 bless+s (  ! 
promise1 t z !y are b second>y1 s !y are
 b  second>ily giv5 & seal$1 s t no man 
%\ld ev] be baptiz$1  if ^! 7 all t 7 9 
! promise4#bgi ,! holie/ p]son  may be  
ca/ into a wild]ness1 & depriv$ ( all   
visible *ur*  communion2 & do? ,god !n  
break 8 promise ) him8 ,c]ta9ly no4  ,x 
is !re=e our sav+ relations to ,god !   
,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy  ,gho/1 :i* !      
promise give?1 & baptism seale?2 & o!r  
?+s  b subord9ately & unc]ta9ly z !y are
 means to ^!4 ,s !n  x is pla91 t       
believ]s' infants h a promise (         
salvation1 or  no promise at all1 :i*   
baptism 0 in/itut$ to seal4    ,i h said
 s mu* m ( ?is 9 my ,app5dix to !       
,treatise (  ,infant ,baptism1 to ,mr4  
,b$=d1 9 def5ce ( ,dr4 ,dav5ant's       

judgm5t1 z t ,i mu/ ref] ! read] ?i!r4  
#h4 ,i ?9k x v probable t ?is asc]ta9+  
promise belonge?  n only to ! natural   
se$ ( believ]s1 b to all :om !y h a     
true p[] & "r to d$icate 9 cov5ant to   
,god2 :i* seeme? to  be all t are       
prop]ly _! own1 :e!r adopt$ or b\ght2 b 
!re is m d>kness & d\bt ab\t ?is ?an !  
=m]1 because  ! ,scripture ha? said less
 ( x4    #i4 ,i am n able to prove1 nor 
see any probable reason = x1 t  any b   
s\nd believ]s h su* a promise = _!      
*ildr51 nor  t any hypocrite %all       
c]ta9ly save 8 *ild1 if he d b  d$icate 
him to ,god 9 baptism4 ,=1 #a4 ,i f9d no
 promise 9 ,scripture  made to su*4 #b4 
,he t do? n s9c]ely believe himself1 nor
  cons5t to ,god's cov5ant1 _c s9c]ely  
believe = 8 *ild1 nor  cons5t = him4 #c4
 ,& t fai? :i* w n save ! own]1 z  be+ n
 ! condition ( ! promise1 _c save ano!r4
 ,mu* m  might be said ( ?is4 ,i confess
 t ! *ur* is to receive !  *ildr5 (     
hypocrites z well z !mselves2 & _!      
baptism is  valid 9 =o ext]no ecclesi1 &

 is n to be reit]at$4 ,b x  goe? no     
fur!r = 8 *ild1 ?an = himself4    #aj4  
,!re=e ,i ?9k t all t are rightfully    
baptiz$ by !  m9i/]1 t is1 baptiz$ s z t
 x is well done ( him1 are n  c]ta9ly   
sav$ by baptism1 unless !y be also      
rightfully baptiz$1  9 reg>d ( _! "r to 
claim & receive x4 ,let !m t are  able  
to prove m d x1 = ,i am n able4    #aa4 
,:]eas "s mis9t]pret ! words ( ! old    
rubric (  confirmation 9 ! ,engli%      
liturgy1 z if x spake ( all t are       
baptiz$1 :e!r !y _h "r or n1 ! words    
!mselves may  s]ve to rectify t mi/ake1 
,& t no man %all ?9k any  detrim5t %all 
come to *ildr5 by def]r+ ( _!           
confirmation1  he %all "k = tru?1 t x is
 c]ta9 by ,god's ^w1 t  *ildr5 be+      
baptiz$ h all ?+s necess>y = _!         
salvation1  & be und\bt$ly sav$4 ,:]e x 
is pla9 t !y mean1 !y h  all ?+s        
necess>y ex p>te ecclesi1 or all ,god's 
apply+  ord9ances necess>y1 ?\gh !y %\ld
 die unconfirm$1 suppos+  t !y h all ?+s
 necess>y to j baptism on _! own "p4    

,:i* is b :at ! anci5ts 7 wont to say ( 
! baptiz$ adult2  b !y nev] meant t !   
infidel1 & hypocrite1 & imp5it5t  p]son 
0 9 a /ate ( life1 because he 0 baptiz$2
 b t all  t truly cons5t to ! cov5ant1 &
 signify ?is by be+  baptiz$1 are sav$4 
,s ! *ur* ( ,engl& sai?1 t !y receive   
no detrim5t by delay+ confirmation2 b x 
nev] said1 t !y  receive no detrim5t by 
_! p>5ts' or sponsors' infidelity &     
hypocrisy1 or by _! want ( true "r coram
 ,deo to be baptiz$4    #ab4 ,b yet be=e
 ^! que/ions 7ei!r ( !m7 be tak5 z      
resolv$ by me1 ,i mu/ fir/ take 9 "s o!r
 que/ions :i* are  conc]n$ 9 ! same     
cause2 z1    #bgd ,s9ce ! writ+ ( ?is1  
!re is come =? an excell5t book  =      
,infant ,baptism by ,mr4 ,joseph ,:i/on1
 9 :i* ! gr\nds ( my  pres5t solutions  
are notably cle>$4    #bge ,m>k xvi4    
#af2 ,acts ii4 #cg1 #ch2 xxii4 #af2 #a  
,cor4 vi4 #aa2 ,tit4  iii4 #c1 #e1 #f2  
,heb4 x4 #bb2 ,eph4 v4 #bf2 ,rom4 vi4   
#a1 #d2 ,col4 ii4 #ab2 #a  ,pet4 iii4   
#ba1 #bb2 ,eph4 iv4 #e2 ,acts viii4 #ab1

 #ac1 #af1 #cf1 #ch2 ix4 #ah2  xvi4 #ae1
 #cc2 xix4 #e2 ,gal4 iii4 #bg4    #bgf  
,acts ii4 #ci2 ,gal4 iii4 #bb1 #bi2 #a  
,tim4 iv4 #h2 ,eph4 ii4 #ab2 #b ,tim4   
i4 #a2 ,heb4 iv4 #a2 vi4 #ag2 ix4 #ae2  
x4 #cf2 viii4 #f2 #b ,pet i4 #d1 #e4    
#bgg ,acts ii4 #ch2 xxvi4 #ah2 ,luke    
xxiv4 #dg4    #bgh ,rom4 x4 #i2 ,acts   
viii4 #cg4    #bgi ,matt4 vi4 #cc2 ,rom4
 viii4 #bh1 #cb1 c4      ,que/4 ,,xxxvi4
 ,:at is meant by ?is spee*1 t believ]s 
& _!  se$ are 9 ! cov5ant ( ,god2 :i*   
give? !m "r to baptism8    ,answ4 ,?\gh 
?is 0 op5$ on !e by be=e ,i add1 #a4 ,! 
mean+  is n t !y are 9 t absolute       
promise ( ! fir/ & all  foll[+ grace1   
suppos$ ord9>ily to be made ( ! elect1  
7z su*  unkn[n17 viz4 ,i w give !m fai?1
 rep5tance1 conv]sion1  ju/ification1 & 
salvation1 & all ! conditions ( !       
conditional promise1 )\t any condition  
on _! "p1 :i* _m  take to be ! mean+ (1 
,i w take ! h>d he>t out ( !m1 c4  ,=1  
#a4 ,?is promise is n n[ to be fir/     
p]=m$ to ! adult :o  rep5t & believe    

already2 & no o!r are to be baptiz$ at  
age4 ,if  t absolute promise be seal$ by
 baptism1 ei!r x mu/ be s  seal$ z a    
promise be=e x be p]=m$1 or aft]2 if    
be=e1  ei!r to all1 because "s are      
elect1 or only to "s t are elect4  ,n to
 all2 = x is n common to infidels4 ,n to
 "s z elect2  =1 #a4 ,!y are unkn[n4 #b4
 ,if !y 7 kn[n1 !y are yet suppos$  to  
be infidels4 ,n aft] p]=mance1 = !n x is
 too late4    #b4 ,! mean+ is n only t !
 conditional cov5ant ( grace is  made & 
(f]$ to !m2 = s x may be said ( hea!ns &
  infidels1 & all ! _w t he> ! gospel4  
,b1 #a4 ,! cov5ant meant is inde$ ?is   
conditional cov5ant only1  ,m>k xvi4    
#af1 ,he t believe? & is baptiz$1 %all  
be sav$4    #b4 ,to be 9 ?is cov5ant is1
 to be a cons5t+ believ]1 & s to  be "o 
t ha? by inw>d he>t cons5t ! true       
conditions ( "r  to ! b5efits ( !       
cov5ant1 & is !reby prep>$ solemnly by  
baptism to pr(ess ?is cons5t1 & to      
receive an inve/iture &  seal ( ,god's  
"p1 by 8 m9i/] giv5 9 8 "n4    #c4      

,infants are ?us 9 cov5ant ) _! p>5ts1  
because  reputatively _! p>5ts' wills   
are !irs1 to dispose ( !m =  _! good4 ,&
 !re=e !y cons5t by _! p>5ts1 :o cons5t 
= !m4      ,que/4 ,,xxxvii4 ,are        
believ]s' *ildr5 c]ta9ly 9 cov5ant be=e 
_! baptism1 & !reby 9 a /ate (          
salvation8 or n till !y  are baptiz$8   
,answ4 ,di/+ui% betwe51 #a4             
,he>t-cov5ant+ & m\?  cov5ant+4 #b4     
,betwe5 be+ 9 cov5ant be=e ,god1 &      
visibly  be=e ! *ur*4    #a4 ,no p]son  
is to be baptiz$ at age1 ^: inw>d he>t  
cons5t  be=e pr(ess$1 give? him n "r to 
baptism4 ,!re=e all !  adult mu/ be 9   
cov5ant1 t is1 cons5t on _! "p to !     
cov5ant1 be=e !y are baptiz$4    #b4    
,!re=e x is s ) ! se$ ( ! fai?ful1 :o   
mu/ cons5t  by _! p>5ts1 be=e !y h "r2  
o!rwise all %\ld h  "r1 & _! baptism be 
ess5tially ano!r baptism1 z seal+  "s   
o!r cov5ant1 or none4    #c4 ,if !re be 
no promise made to ! se$ ( ! fai?ful m  
?an  to o!rs1 !y h no "r m ?an o!rs to  
baptism or  salvation4 ,b if !re be a   

promise made to !m z ! se$ (  believ]s1 
!n are !y z su* )9 t promise1 t is1     
p]=m]s ( its conditions by _! p>5ts1 & h
 "r to !  b5efit4    #d4 ,if ! he>t     
cons5t or fai? ( ! adult1 d put !mselves
 into  a /ate ( salvation1 be=e _!      
baptism1 !n x do? s by _!  *ildr52 b1   
c4--    #e4 ,b ?is "r to salvation 9    
p>5ts & *ildr5 ^u he>t  cons5t be=e     
baptism1 is only be=e ,god4 ,= ! *ur*   
take? no  cognizance ( secret he>t      
transactions2 b a man !n only  cons5te? 
9 ! judgm5t ( ! *ur*1 :5 he op5ly       
pr(esse?  x1 & desire? to signify x by  
be+ baptiz$4    #f4 ,& ev5 be=e ,god1   
!re is a necessitas prcepti oblig+ u  to
 op5 baptism aft] he>t cons5t2 & he t   
he>tily cons5te?1  _c refuse ,god's way 
( utt]+ x1 unless ei!r ?r\gh  ignorance 
he "k x n to be 8 duty1 7= himself & 8  
*ild17  or ?r\gh want ( ability or      
opportunity _c h x4 ,s t  :ile a man is 
unbaptiz$1 some:at is want+ to !        
complet5ess (  8 "r to ! b5efits ( !    
cov5ant1 viz4 ,a reception (  inve/iture

 & possession 9 ,god's appo9t$ way2 ?\gh
 x be n  su* a want1 z %all fru/rate !  
salvation ( ^? t did truly  cons5t 9    
he>t4    #g4 ,i take x !re=e = c]ta91 t 
! *ildr5 ( true  believ]s cons5t to !   
cov5ant by _! p>5ts1 & are z  c]ta9ly   
sav$ if !y die be=e baptism1 z aft]2    
?\gh ^?  t despise baptism1 :5 !y "k x  
to be a duty1 _c be  ?\ght inde$ to     
believe or cons5t = _! *ildr5 or        
!mselves4      ,que/4 ,,xxxviii4 ,is    
infants' title to baptism & ! cov5ant   
b5efits giv5 !m by ,god 9 8 promise1 ^u 
any prop] moral  condition1 or only ^u !
 condition ( _! natural relation1 t  !y 
be ! se$ ( ! fai?ful8    ,answ4 ,t :i*  
is call$ a m]e natural condition is     
prop]ly 9  law s5se no condition at all2
 nor do? make a contract or promise to  
be call$ conditional 9 a moral s5se4 ,b 
x is matt]s ( morality1  & n ( physics  
only1 t we are treat+ (2 & !re=e we  mu/
 take ! t]ms 9 a moral s5se4 ,= a       
physical condition is  ei!r pa/1 or     
pres5t1 or future1 or n future2 if x be 

pa/ or  pres5t1 ! proposition may inde$ 
be hypo!tical1 b x is no su*            
conditional promise z we are speak+ (2 =
 in/ance1 if y say1  ,if ?\ wa/ born 9  
su* a city1 or if ?y "n be ,john1 ,i w  
give  !e s mu*4 ,^! are ! words ( an    
unc]ta9 promis]2 b !  promise is already
 ei!r equival5t to an absolute gift1 or 
null4 ,s  if ! physical condition be de 
futuro1 e4 g4 ,if ?\ be alive  to-morr[1
 ,i w give !e ?is or t2 or if ! sun %9e 
to-morr[1 c4 ,?is inde$ susp5de? ! gift 
or ev5t2 b n ^u  any moral be+ :i* is 9 
! p[] ( ! receiv]1 b ^u a  natural      
cont+5cy or unc]ta9ty4 ,& ,god ha? no   
su* conditional  cov5ants or promises to
 be seal$ by baptism4 ,he sai? n1 ,if ?\
  be ! *ild ( su* or su* a man1 ?\ %alt 
be sav$1 z 8  natural (fspr+ only4 ,if !
 papi/s t accuse u = hold+ t  ! m]e     
natural prog5y ( believ]s are sav$ z    
su*1 did well  und]/& our doctr9e1 !y   
w\ld p]ceive t 9 ?is we diff]  n f !    
und]/&+ sort among !m1 or at lea/1 t _! 
accusations run ^u a mi/ake4    ,i told 

y be=e t !re are ?ree ?+s di/9ctly to be
  consid]$ 9 ! title ( infants to       
baptism & salvation4 #a4 ,by  :at "r !  
p>5t cov5ante? = 8 *ild4 #b4 ,:at "r !  
*ild ha? to baptism4 #c4 ,:at "r he ha? 
to ! b5efits ( !  cov5ant seal$ &       
deliv]$ 9 baptism8    ,to ! fir/1 two   
?+s concur to ! title ( ! p>5t to       
cov5ant  9 ! "n ( 8 *ild4 ,"o is 8      
natural int]e/ 9 him2 !  *ild be+ 8 own 
is at 8 disposal4 ,! o!r is ,god's      
graci\s  w & cons5t t x %all be s2 t !  
p>5t's w %all be  z ! *ild's = 8 good1  
till he come at age to h a w ( 8  own4  
,to ! second1 ! *ild's "r to baptism is 
n m]ely 8 natural  or 8 bir? relation f 
su* p>5ts1 b x is 9 two degrees1 z      
foll[e?3 #a4 ,he ha? a virtual "r1 on   
condition ( 8 p>5t's  fai?3 ! reason is1
 because t a believ]'s cons5t &         
self-d$ication to ,god do? virtually    
conta9 9 x a d$ication )  himself ( all 
t is 83 & x is a contradiction to say t 
a  man truly d$icate? himself to ,god1 &
 n all t he ha?1 &  t he truly cons5te? 

to ! cov5ant = himself & n = 8  *ild1 if
 he und]/& t ,god w accept x4 #b4 ,8    
actual title  condition is 8 p>5t's 7or 
own]'s7 actual cons5t to ent] him  into 
,god's cov5ant1 & 8 actual m5tal        
d$ication ( 8 *ild to  ,god1 :i* is 8   
title be=e ,god1 & ! pr(ession ( x is 8 
title be=e ! *ur*4 ,s t x is n a m]e    
physical b a moral  title condition1 :i*
 an infant ha? to baptism1 t is1 8      
p>5t's cons5t to d$icate him to ,god4   
#c4 ,& to ! ?ird1 8 title condition to !
 b5efits ( baptism  ha? two degrees3 #a4
 ,t he be really d$icat$ to ,god by !   
he>t  cons5t ( 8 p>5t z a=esaid4 ,&1 #b4
 ,t 8 p>5t express  ?is by ! solemn     
engag+ him to ,god 9 baptism2 ! fir/ be+
  necess>y z a means s9e qua non1 & !   
second be+ necess>y z  a duty )\t :i* he
 s9ne?1 7:5 x is possible17 & z a means 
coram ecclesia to ! privileges ( !      
visible *ur*4    ,! sum ( all is1 t our 
m]e natural int]e/ 9 our *ildr5 is  n _!
 title condition to baptism or to       
salvation1 b only t  presuppos$ /ate :i*

 enable? u by ,god's cons5t to cov5ant =
  !m2 b _! title condition to baptism & 
salvation1 is our  cov5ant+ = !m1 or    
volunt>y d$icat+ !m to ,god2 :i* we  d1 
#a4 ,virtually1 :5 we d$icate ourselves1
 & all t we h or  %all h4 #b4 ,actually1
 :5 our he>ts cons5t p>ticul>ly =  !m1 &
 actually devote !m to ,god1 be=e       
baptism4 #c4  ,sacram5tally1 :5 we      
express ?is 9 our solemn baptismal      
cov5ant+ & d$ication4    ,consid]       
exactly ( ?is aga92 & if y loa!         
di/+ui%+1  confess +5u\sly t y loa! !   
tru?1 or ! necess>y means  ( kn[+ x4    
,que/4 ,,xxxix4 ,:at is ! true mean+ (  
sponsors1 patrimi1 or  godfa!rs z we    
call !m8 ,& is x lawful to make use (   
!m8    ,answ4 ,i4 ,to ! fir/ "q2 all m5 
h n ! same ?\ghts  ei!r ( _! orig9al1 or
 ( _! pres5t use4    #a4 ,"s ?9k t !y 7 
sponsors or sureties = ! p>5ts  r ?an ! 
*ild at fir/2 & t :5 _m 9 times (       
p]secution1 h]esy1 & apo/asy1 did       
baptize _! *ildr5 ?is  mon? or ye>1 & ! 
next mon? or ye> apo/atize & d5y ,*ri/  

!mselves1 t ! sponsors 7 only cr$ible   
*ri/ians witness+  t !y believ$ t !     
p>5ts 7 cr$ible1 firm believ]s1 &  n l  
to apo/atize4 #b4 ,o!rs ?9k t !y 7      
und]tak]s1  t if ! p>5ts did apo/atize  
or die1 !y w\ld see to !  *ri/ian       
education ( ! *ild !mselves4 #c4 ,o!rs  
?9k t !y  did bo? ^! toge!r2 7:i* is my 
op9ion27 viz4 t !y  witness$ !          
probability ( ! p>5ts' fidelity2 b      
promis$ t  if !y %\ld ei!r apo/atize or 
die1 !y w\ld see t !  *ildr5 7 pi\sly   
educat$4 #d4 ,o!rs ?9k t !y 7  absolute 
und]tak]s t ! *ildr5 %\ld be pi\sly     
educat$1  :e!r ! p>5ts di$ or apo/atiz$ 
or n2 s t !y w5t  jo9t und]tak]s ) !    
p>5ts 9 _! lifetime4 #e4 ,& ,i h  lately
 met ) "s t ma9ta9 t ! godfa!rs &       
godmo!rs  become proprietors1 & adopt ! 
*ild1 & take him = _! own1  & t ?is is !
 s5se ( ! *ur* ( ,engl&4 ,b ,i believe  
!m n = ^! reasons4    #a4 ,!re is no su*
 ^w 9 ! liturgy1 doctr9e1 or canons ( ! 
*ur* ( ,engl&3 & t is n to be feign$ &  
fa!r$ on !m1  :i* !y nev] said4    #b4  

,x w\ld be aga9/ ! law ( nature to =ce  
all p>5ts to give  ! sole propriety1 or 
jo9t propriety1 9 _! *ildr5 to o!rs4    
,nature ha? giv5 ! propriety to         
!mselves1 & we _c rob !m  ( x4    #c4 ,x
 w\ld be he9\sly injuri\s to ! *ildr5 ( 
noble &  le>n$ p]sons1 if !y mu/ be =c$ 
to give !m up to !  propriety &         
education ( o!rs1 ev5 ( su* z p]haps are
 l[]  & m unfit = x ?an !mselves4    #d4
 ,x w\ld be m he9\sly injuri\s to all   
godfa!rs &  godmo!rs1 :o mu/ all make   
o!r m5's *ildr5 _! own1 &  !re=e mu/ use
 !m z _! own4    #e4 ,x w\ld keep mo/   
*ildr5 unbaptiz$2 because if x 7 once   
und]/ood t !y mu/ take !m z _! own1 few 
w\ld be  sponsors to ! *ildr5 ( ! poor1 
= fe> ( keep+ !m2 &  few b ! ignorant t 
"k n :at !y d1 w\ld be sponsors =  any1 
because ( ! greatness ( ! *>ge1 & _!    
av]s5ess to  adopt ! *ildr5 ( o!rs4     
#f4 ,x w\ld make great confusion 9 !    
/ate1 :ile all m5 7  b\nd to ex*ange    
*ildr5 ) ano!r4    #g4 ,i nev] knew "o  
man or woman t 0 a godfa!r or godmo!r on

  su* t]ms1 nor t took ! *ild to be _!  
own3 & if su* a  "o %\ld be f\nd among  
t5 ?\s&1 t is no rule to disc]n !       
judgm5t ( ! *ur* by4    #h4 ,& 9        
confirmation ! godfa!r & godmo!r is     
expressly said  to be = ?is use1 to be  
witnesses t ! p>ty is confirm$4    #i4  
,& 9 ! prie/'s spee* to ! adult t come =
 baptism1 9  ! (fice ( baptism ( ^? (   
rip] ye>s1 x is ! p]sons  !mselves t are
 to promise & cov5ant = !mselves1 & !   
godfa!rs & godmo!rs are only call$ ^!   
y\r witnesses4 ,&  if !y be b witnesses 
to ! adult1 x is l !y are n  adopt]s (  
infants4    ,,ii4 ,^? t d\bt ( !        
lawfulness ( us+ sponsors = _!  *ildr51 
d x on ^! two acc\nts3 #a4 ,z suppos+ x 
unlawful to  make s promiscu\s an       
adoption ( *ildr51 or ( *oos+ ano!r to  
be a cov5ant] = ! *ild in/ead ( ! p>5t1 
to :om x  belonge?2 or to commit _!     
*ildr5 to ano!r's ei!r propriety1  or   
education1 or =mal promise ( t :i*      
belonge? to education1  :5 !y nev] mean 
to p]=m x1 nor c d4 #b4 ,because !y take

  x = an add+ to ! ord9ance ( ,god1 a ?+
 :i* ,scripture  nev] m5tione?4 ,to :i* 
,i answ]1    #a4 ,i grant x unlawful to 
suppose ano!r to be ! p>5t or           
proprietor t is n2 or to suppose him to 
h t p[] &  int]e/ 9 y\r *ild :i* he ha? 
n2 or to desire him to  und]take :at he 
_c p]=m1 & :i* nei!r he nor y int5d  he 
%all p]=m2 ,i grant t y are n b\nd to   
ali5ate !  propriety ( y\r *ildr51 nor  
to take 9 ano!r to be jo9t  proprietors2
 nor to put out y\r *ildr5 to !         
godfa!r's  education4 ,s t if y w       
misund]/& ! use ( sponsors1 !n  inde$ y 
w make !m unlawful to be s us$4    ,b if
 y take !m b z ! anci5t *ur*es did1 =   
su* z d  atte/ ! p>5ts' fidelity1 79 _! 
p]suasion17 & d promise  fir/ to m9d y (
 y\r duty1 & next to take c>e ( !       
*ildr5's pi\s education if y die1 ,i "k 
no reason y h to  scruple ?is mu*4      
,yea m1 x is 9 y\r own p[] to agree ) ! 
godfa!rs1 t  !y %all repres5t y\r own   
p]sons1 & speak & promise :at !y  d1 z  
y\r deputies only1 9 y\r names4 ,& :at h

 y aga9/  ?is8 ,suppose y 7 sick1 lame1 
imprison$1 or bani%$1 w\ld y  n h y\r   
*ild baptiz$8 ,& h[ %\ld t be done1 b by
 y\r  deput+ ano!r to repres5t y 9 ent]+
 him into cov5ant )  ,god8    ,object4  
,b :5 ! *ur*m5 mean ano!r ?+1 ?is is b  
to  juggle ) ! _w4    ,answ4 ,h[ c y    
prove t ! au?ority t made or impos$ !   
liturgy1 meant any o!r ?+8 ,& o!r       
individuals are n !  ma/]s ( y\r s5se4  
,yea1 & if ! impos]s _h meant ill1 9 a  
?+ t may be done well1 y may dis*>ge y\r
 consci5ce by  do+ x well1 & mak+ a     
suffici5t pr(ession ( y\r bett]  s5se4  
#b4 ,& !n x w be no s9ful addition to   
,god's ord9ance1 to  det]m9e ( a lawful 
circum/ance1 :i* he ha? left to human   
prud5ce3 z to *oose a meet deputy1      
witness1 or sponsor1 :o  promise? no?+ b
 :at is meet4      ,que/4 ,,xl4 ,on ^:  
acc\nt or "r is x t ! infant ha? title  
to baptism & its b5efits8 ,is x on !    
p>5ts'1 ance/ors'1  sponsors'1 ! *ur*'s1
 ! m9i/]'s1 ! magi/rate's1 or 8  own8   
,answ4 ,! titles are v v>i\s t are      

pret5d$2 let u exam9e  !m all4    ,i4 ,i
 _c ?9k t a magi/rate's comm& to baptize
 an infant1  give? him "r1 #a4 ,because 
!re is no pro( ( ! validity ( su*  a    
title4 #b4 ,because ! magi/rate c comm& 
no su* ?+ if x be  aga9/ ,god's ^w1 z   
?is is1 :i* w\ld level ! case ( ! se$  (
 hea!ns & believ]s4 ,& ,i "k b few ( t  
op9ion4    ,,ii4 ,i d n ?9k t ! m9i/] z 
su* give? title to !  infant3 =1 #a4 ,he
 is no proprietor4 #b4 ,he c %[ no su*  
p[] or  grant f ,god4 #c4 ,he mu/       
baptize none b ^? t antec$5tly  h "r4   
#d4 ,else he also might level all1 &    
take 9 hea!n's  *ildr5 ) believ]s'4 #e4 
,nor is ?is pret5d$ to by _m1 t ,i  "k  
(4    ,,iii4 ,i _c ?9k t x is a p>ticul>
 *ur* t mu/ give ?is  "r1 or p]=m !     
condition ( x4 ,=1 #a4 ,baptism 7z is   
a=esaid7 z su*1 do? only make a *ri/ian1
 & a memb] ( !  univ]sal *ur*1 & n ( any
 p>ticul> *ur*4 ,&1 #b4 ,! *ur*  is n ! 
proprietor ( ! *ild4 #c4 ,no ,scripture 
commission c be  %[$ = su* a p[]4 ,:]e  
ha? ,god said1 ,all t any p>ticul>  *ur*

 w receive1 %all h "r to baptism8 #d4   
,by :at act mu/  ! *ur* give ?is "r8 ,if
 by baptiz+ him2 ! "q is (  8 antec$5t  
"r4 ,if by will+ t he be baptiz$2 7#a47 
,if !y  w t "o be baptiz$ t ha? no "r to
 x1 _! w is  s9ful1 & !re=e unfit to    
give him "r4 7#b47 ,& ! baptiz+  m9i/]  
ha? m p[] ?an a ?\s& or t5 ?\s& private 
m51  to judge :o is to be baptiz$4 #e4  
,else a *ur* might save all  hea!n      
*ildr5 t !y c b baptize1 & s level      
infidels' &  *ri/ians' se$4 #f4 ,x is n 
! *ur* 9 g5]al1 b "s "o  p]son1 t mu/   
educate ! *ild3 !re=e ! *ur* _c s  mu* z
 promise = its education3 ! *ur* ha?    
no?+ to d )  ^? t are )\t1 b only ) h]  
own2 & hea!n's *ildr5  are n h] own1 nor
 expos$ to h] occupation4    ,,iv4 ,i   
believe n t x is ! univ]sal *ur* t give?
 !  infant title to baptism3 =1 #a4 ,he 
t give? title to ! cov5ant  & baptism1  
do? x z a p]=m] ( ! moral condition ( t 
title4 ,b ,god ha? no :]e made ! *ur*'s 
fai? to be !  condition ( baptism or    
salvation1 ei!r to infidels or _! se$4  

#b4 ,because ! univ]sal *ur* is a body t
 _c be consult$  ) to give _! vote &    
cons5t3 nor h !y any deputies to d  x   
by4 ,= !re is no univ]sal1 visible      
gov]nor3 & if y w  pret5d e prie/ to be 
commission$ to act & judge 9 ! "n  ( !  
univ]sal *ur*1 y w want pro(1 & t is    
be=e  confut$4 #c4 ,if all h "r t !     
univ]sal *ur* (f]e? up  to ,god1 or any 
m9i/] or bi%op be c\nt$ its deputy or   
ag5t to  t end1 x is 9 ! p[] ( t m9i/]  
7z is said7 to level  all1 & to baptize 
& save all2 :i* is contr>y to ! ^w (    
,god4    ,v4 ,i believe t godfa!rs z    
su*1 be+ no adopt]s or  proprietors1 are
 n ! p]=m]s ( ! condition ( salvation = 
! infant1 nor give him "r to be baptiz$4
 #a4 ,because he is n  _! own1 & !re=e  
_! w or act _c g = 82 because  !re is no
 ^w ( ,god = x t all %all be baptiz$ or 
sav$  t any *ri/ians w be sponsors =4   
,god's *ur* bless+s are  n ti$ to su*   
inv5tions1 t 7 n 9 be+ :5 ,god's laws  7
 made4 ,:]e !re is no promise or ^w1 !re
 is no fai?4 #c4 ,no  sponsors are s mu*

 z lawful 7z is %[$ be=e7 :o are n      
own]s or _! deputies1 or m]e second>y   
subs]vi5t p>ties1 :o  suppose ! pr9cipal
 cov5ant+ p>ty4 #d4 ,& z to ! infant's  
salvation1 ! sponsors may 7too (t7 be   
ignorant infidels &  hypocrites         
!mselves1 t h no true fai? = !mselves2 &
  !re=e n en\gh to save ano!r4 #e4 ,& x 
7 /range if ,god  %\ld make no promise  
to a wick$ p>5t = 8 own *ild1 & yet     
%\ld promise to save by baptism all t "s
 wick$ & hypocrite  godfa!rs w (f] him4 
,& t ?us ! se$ ( hea!ns &  *ri/ians %\ld
 be levell$1 & yet an ignorant1 bold    
und]tak] to  c>ry away ! privilege (    
sav+ p]sons f !m bo?4 ,all ?is is  b    
m5's unprov$ imag9ations4 ,he t nev]    
comm&e? godfa!rs1  b =bidde? ! usurp+   
sort1 & only all[e? human prud5ce to    
use ! lawful sort1 did nev] put ! s\ls (
 all *ildr51  *ri/ians & hea!ns1 into _!
 h&s 7any m ?an into !  h&s ( ! prie/ t 
baptize? !m74    ,,vi4 ,i d n f9d t     
remote ance/ors t are dead1 or t are n  
proprietors ( ! *ildr51 are ! p]=m]s ( !

 condition by  :i* !y h "r to baptism or
 salvation4 #a4 ,because ,god ha? put  t
 p[] & "w 9 ! h&s ( o!rs1 ev5 ! p>5ts1  
:i*  !y _c nullify4 #b4 ,because !      
promise ( m]cy to ?\s&s is  on          
supposition t ! successors make no      
int]cision4 #c4 ,else !  ?reat5+s to !  
se$ ( ! wick$ w\ld signify no?+1 nor    
w\ld any 9 ! _w be exclud$ f "r1 b all  
be levell$2  because ,noah 0 ! common   
fa!r ( mank9d3 & if y lay x on  dead    
ance/ors1 y h no rule :]e to /op till y 
come to ,noah4    ,,vii4 ,i conclude    
!re=e t x is1 cle>ly1 ! imm$iate p>5ts1 
7bo? or "o17 & probably any true dome/ic
 own] ( ! *ild1 :o  ha? ! p[] to *oose  
or refuse = him1 & s to ent] him into   
cov5ant ) ,god1 & s by cons5t to p]=m ! 
conditions ( 8  "r4 ,=1 #a4 ,abundance (
 promises are made to ! fai?ful &  _!   
se$1 ( :i* ,i h spok5 at l>ge 9 my book 
,( ,infant  ,baptism4 ,& besides !      
puni%m5t ( ,adam's s91 !re is sc>ce a   
p>5t infam\s = s9 9 ,scripture1 b 8     
po/]ity falle? "u  ! puni%m5t1 z = a    

second>y1 orig9al s9 or guilt4 ,z ! case
  ( ,ca91 ,ham1 ! ,sodomites1 !         
,amalekites1 ! ,jews1 ,a*an1 ,gehazi1   
c4 %[4 ,& #a ,cor4 vii4 #ad1 x is       
expressly said1 ,else 7 y\r  *ildr5     
unclean1 b n[ are !y holy 7( ! s5se (   
:i* ,i h  spoke z a=ecit$74    ,object4 
,b if own]s may s]ve1 "o may buy        
multitudes1 & a k+  or "l ( slaves1 ^:  
own ! p are1 may cause !m all to be     
baptiz$ & sav$4    ,answ4 #a4 ,rememb] t
 ,i say1 t ! *ri/ian p>5t's "r is  cle>1
 b ,i take ! o!r z m d>k2 = x is        
pr9cipally  gr\nd$ on ,abraham & !      
,israelites circumcis+ _! *ildr5  born  
to !m 9 ! h\se or b\ght ) money3 & h[ f>
 ! p>ity  ( reason "h w rea* is h>d to  
"k4 ,all t ,i say is1 t ,i  w n d5y x1  
because favores sunt ampli&i4 #b4 ,if   
su* a  pr9ce be a hypocrite1 & n a s9c]e
 *ri/ian himself1 8 fai?  or cons5t _c  
save o!rs1 t _c save himself4 #c4 ,x is 
su*  a propriety z is conjunct ) a div9e
 concession only t give?  ?is p[] (     
cons5t+ = an infant3 n[ we f9d cle> pro(

 (  ,god's concession to natural p>5ts1 
& probable pro( ( 8  concession ( x to  
dome/ic own]s1 b no fur!r t ,i "k       
(4#bhj ,=1 7#a47 ,x is an act ( ,god's  
love to ! *ild = !  p>5t's sake2 & !re=e
 to su* *ildr5 z we are suppos$ to  h a 
special ne>ness to1 & love =4 7#b47 ,& x
 is a cons5t &  cov5ant+ :i* he calls =1
 :i* oblige? ! promis] to  consequ5t    
pi\s education1 :i* is a dome/ic act4   
7#c47 ,!y are  compris$ 9 ! "n ( p>5ts1 
:i* ^? t adopt !m &  educate !m may be  
call$4 7#d47 ,& ! infants are _! *ildr51
  n _! slaves4 ,b n[1 if ! emp]or (     
,muscovy1 ,indo/an1 c4  _h ! propriety 9
 all 8 p z slaves1 ?is w\ld n imitate   
pat]nal int]e/ & love1 b tyranny1 nor   
c\ld he be _!  dome/ic educat]4 ,!re=e  
,i mu/ limit x to a pro-p>5t1 or        
dome/ic1 educat+ proprietor4    #bhj    
,deut4 xxix4 #aj-ac4      ,que/4 ,,xli4 
,are !y really baptiz$ :o are baptiz$   
accord+ to  ! ,engli% liturgy & canons1 
:]e ! p>5t seeme? exclud$1 &  ^? to     
cons5t = ! infant :o h no p[] to d x8   

,answ4 ,i f9d "s puzzl$ ) ?is d\bt1     
,:e!r all our infants'  baptism be n a  
m]e nullity3 =1 say !y1 ! outw>d wa%+   
)\t cov5ant+ ) ,god1 is no m baptism1   
?an ! body or  corpse is a man4 ,!      
cov5ant is ! *ief ess5tial "p ( baptism4
  ,& he t 0 nev] ent]$ into cov5ant )   
,god 0 nev]  baptiz$4 ,b infants accord+
 to ! liturgy1 are n ent]$ into  cov5ant
 ) ,god1 :i* !y w\ld prove ?us3 !y t    
nei!r ev]  cov5ant$ by !mselves1 or by  
any au?oriz$ p]son = !m1 7  nev] ent]$  
into cov5ant ) ,god 7= t is no act (    
!irs  :i* is done by a /rang] t ha? no  
p[] to d x72 b1  c4--,t !y did x n      
!mselves is und5iable3 t !y did x  n by 
any p]son emp[]$ by ,god to d x = !m !y 
prove1 #a4  ,because godfa!rs are !     
p]sons by :om ! infant is said to       
promise2 b godfa!rs h no p[] f ,god1    
7#a47 ,n by nature4  7#b47 ,n by        
,scripture4 #b4 ,because ! p>5ts are n  
only n  includ$ z cov5ant]s1 b          
positively exclud$1 7#a47 ,9 t !  :ole  
(fice ( cov5ant+ = ! *ild f fir/ to la/ 

is laid  on o!rs4 7#b47 ,9 t ! tw5ty-n9?
 canon sai?1 ,no p>5t %all  be urg$ to  
be pres5t2 nor admitt$ to answ] z       
godfa!r = 8  own *ild3 by :i* ! p>5t t  
ha? ! p[] is exclud$3  !re=e our *ildr5 
are all unbaptiz$4    ,to all ?is ,i    
answ]1 #a4 ,t ! p>5t's cons5t is        
suppos$1 ?\gh  he be abs5t4 #b4 ,t !    
p>5t is n requir$ to be abs5t1 b  only n
 to be urg$ to be pres5t2 b he may if he
 w4 #c4 ,t !  reason ( t canon seems to 
be _! jeal\sy1 le/ any w\ld  exclude    
godfa!rs4 #d4 ,:ile ! *ur* ha? no :]e   
decl>$ :at  p]son ! sponsors be>1 nor   
any fur!r :at !y are to d1 ?an to  speak
 ! cov5ant+ words1 & promise to see to !
 pi\s education  ( ! *ild1 ! p>5ts may  
agree t ! godfa!rs %all d all  ?is z _! 
deputies1 prim>ily1 & 9 _! /eads1 &     
second>ily z fri5ds t promise _!        
assi/ance4 #e4 ,:ile p>5ts  really      
cons5t1 x is n _! sil5ce t nullifie? !  
cov5ant4  #f4 ,all p>5ts are suppos$ &  
requir$ to be !mselves ! *oos]s  ( !    
sponsors or sureties1 & also to give    

notice to ! m9i/]  be=eh&3 by :i* x     
appe>e? t _! cons5t is presuppos$4  ,&  
?\gh my own judgm5t be1 t !y %\ld be !  
pr9cipal  cov5ant]s = ! *ild expressly1 
yet ! want ( t expressness1  w n make u 
unbaptiz$ p]sons4      ,que/4 ,,xlii4 ,b
 ! great "q is1 ,h[ ! ,holy ,gho/ is    
giv5  to infants 9 baptism8 ,& :e!r all 
! *ildr5 ( true *ri/ians  h inw>d       
sanctify+ grace8 or :e!r !y c be said to
 be  ju/ifi$1 & to be 9 a /ate (        
salvation1 t are n inh]5tly  sanctifi$8 
,& :e!r any fall f ?is infant /ate (    
salvation8    ,answ4 ,( all ^! great    
difficulties ,i h said :at ,i "k1 9 my  
,app5dix to ,infant ,baptism1 to ,mr4   
,brad=d & ,dr4 ,w>d1 & (  ,bi%op        
,dav5ant's judgm5t4 ,& ,i confess t my  
judgm5t agree?  m 9 ?is ) ,dav5ant's ?an
 any o!rs1 sav+ t he do? n  s mu*       
appropriate ! b5efits ( baptism to !    
*ildr5 ( s9c]e  believ]s z ,i d4 ,& ?\gh
 by a lett] 9 plead+ ,dav5ant's  cause1 
,i 0 ! occasion ( good ,mr4 ,gatak]'s   
pr9t+ ( 8 answ]  to him1 yet ,i am /ill 

mo/ incl9$ to 8 judgm5t2 n t all !      
baptiz$1 b t all ! baptiz$ se$ ( true   
*ri/ians1 are  p>don$1 ju/ifi$1 adopt$1 
& h a title to ! ,_s &  salvation4    ,b
 ! difficulties 9 ?is case are s great1 
z drive away mo/ :o  d n equally p]ceive
 ! great] inconv5i5ces :i* we mu/       
*oose1 if ?is op9ion be =sak53 t is1 t  
all infants mu/ be  tak5 to be out ( !  
cov5ant ( ,god1 & to h no promise (     
salvation4 ,:]eas surely ! law ( grace z
 well z ! cov5ant (  works includ$ all !
 se$ 9 _! capacity4    #a4 ,to ! fir/ ( 
^! que/ions1 ,i answ]1 #a4 ,z all true  
believ]s1 s all _! infants d receive    
initially by ! promise1  & by way (     
obsignation & sacram5tal inve/iture 9   
baptism1 a  jus relationis1 a "r (      
peculi> relation to all ! ?ree  p]sons 9
 ! bless$ ,tr9ity3 z to ,god1 z _!      
reconcil$1  adopt+ ,fa!r2 & to ,jesus   
,*ri/1 z _! ,r$eem] & actual  ,head &   
,ju/ifi]2 s also to ! ,holy ,gho/1 z _! 
,reg5]ator  & ,sanctifi]4#bha ,?is "r & 
relation adh]e? to !m1 & is  giv5 !m 9  

ord] to future actual op]ation &        
communion3 z a  m>riage cov5ant give? ! 
relation & "r to "o ano!r1 9  ord] to ! 
subsequ5t communion & duties ( a m>ri$  
life2 & z  he t swe>e? allegiance to a  
k+1 or is li/$ into an army1 or  is     
ent]$ into a s*ool1 receive? ! "r &     
relation1 & is s  correlat$1 z oblige?  
to ! mutual subsequ5t (fices ( ea*1 &   
give? "r to _m p>ticul> b5efits4 ,by ?is
 "r & relation1  ,god is 8 own ,god &   
,fa!r2 ,*ri/ is 8 own ,head & ,savi\r2 &
  ! ,holy ,_s is 8 own ,sanctifi]1 )\t  
ass]t+ :at  op]ations are already wr\ght
 on 8 s\l1 b only to :at future  ends & 
uses ^! relations are4 ,n[ z ^! rights &
 relations  are giv5 imm$iately1 s ^?   
b5efits :i* are relative1 & !  infant   
imm$iately capable ( !m1 are pres5tly   
giv5 by way (  communion3 he ha?        
pres5tly ! p>don ( orig9al s91 by virtue
 (  ! sacrifice1 m]it1 & int]cession (  
,*ri/4 ,he ha? a /ate (  adoption1 & "r 
to div9e protection1 provision1 & *ur*  
communion accord+ to 8 natural capacity1

 & "r to ev]la/+  life4    #b4 ,x mu/ be
 c>efully not$1 t ! relative union      
betwe5 ,*ri/  ! ,m$iator & ! baptiz$    
p]sons1 is t :i* 9 baptism is  fir/ giv5
 9 ord] ( nature1 & t ! re/ d fl[ f ?is4
  ,! cov5ant & baptism deliv] !         
cov5ant]1 #a4 ,f div9e  displic5cy by   
reconciliation ) ! ,fa!r3 #b4 ,f legal  
p5alties  by ju/ification by ! ,son3 #c4
 ,f s9 itself by ! op]ations (  ! ,holy 
,gho/4 ,b x is ,*ri/ z our              
,m$iator-,head1 t is fir/  giv5 u 9     
relative union2 & !n1 #a4 ,! ,fa!r love?
 u )  complac5cy z 9 ! ,son1 & = ! sake 
( 8 fir/ ,belov$4 #b4  ,& ! ,_s :i* is  
giv5 u 9 relation is fir/ ! ,_s (  ,*ri/
 our ,head1 & n fir/ inh]5t 9 u2 s t by 
union )  our ,head1 t ,_s is next unit$ 
to u1 bo? relatively1 & z  radically    
inh]5t 9 ! human nature ( our ,"l1 to   
:om  we are unit$4#bhb ,z ! n]ves &     
animal spirits :i* are to  op]ate 9 all 
! body1 are radically only 9 ! head1 f  
:5ce  !y fl[ into & op]ate on ! memb]s z
 !re is ne$ 7?\gh  !re may be           

ob/ructions72 s ! ,_s dwelle? 9 ! human 
nature  ( our ,head1 & !re x c nev] be  
lo/2 & x is n necess>y  t x dwell 9 u by
 way ( radication1 b by way ( influ5ce &
  op]ation4    ,^! ?+s are di/9ctly &   
cle>ly und]/ood b by v few2  & we are   
all mu* 9 ! d>k ab\t !m4 ,b ,i ?9k1     
7h[ev]  doctr9ally we may speak bett]17 
t mo/ *ri/ians are habituat$  to ?is    
p]il\s misappreh5sion1 7:i* is p>tly    
aga9/  ,*ri/ianity itself17 t ! ,_s     
fl[e? imm$iately f !  div9e nature ( !  
,fa!r & ! ,son 7z to ! au?oritative or  
pote/ative conveyance7 unto our s\ls4 ,&
 we =get t x is fir/  giv5 to ,*ri/ 9 8 
glorifi$ humanity z our ,head1 &        
radicat$  9 ,him2 & t x is ! (fice ( ?is
 glorifi$ ,head1 to s5d or  communicate 
to all 8 memb]s f himself1 t ,_s :i* mu/
  op]ate 9 !m z !y h ne$4    ,?is is    
pla9 9 _m texts ( ,scripture4 ,rom4     
viii4 #cb1 ,he t  sp>$ n 8 own ,son1 b  
gave him up = u all1 h[ %all he n  also 
) him freely give u all ?+s8 7:5 he     
give? him  p>ticul>ly to u74    #a ,john

 v4 #aa1 #ab1 ,& ?is is ! record t ,god 
ha? giv5 u  et]nal life1 & ?is life is 9
 8 ,son2 he t ha? ! ,son ha?  ! life1 & 
he t ha? n ! ,son ha? n ! life4    ,rom4
 viii4 #i1 ,if any man h n ! ,_s (      
,*ri/1 ! same is  none ( 84    ,eph4 i4 
#bb1 #bc1 ,& gave him to be ! ,head ov] 
all ?+s to !  *ur*1 :i* is 8 body1 !    
fulness ( him t fille? all 9  all4      
,john xv4 #bf1 ,! ,advocate or ,com=t]  
:om ,i w s5d unto y f  ! ,fa!r1 c4      
,john xvi4 #g1 ,if ,i dep>t1 ,i w s5d   
him unto y4    ,john xiv4 #bf1 ,!       
,com=t]1 :om ! ,fa!r w s5d 9 my "n4     
,gal4 iv4 #f1 ,& because ye are sons1   
,god ha? s5t =? ! ,_s  ( 8 ,son into y\r
 he>ts1 cry+ ,abba1 ,fa!r4    ,gal4 ii4 
#bj1 ,i live3 yet n ,i1 b ,*ri/ live? 9 
me4 7,i "k  t is true ( 8 liv+ 9 u      
objectively & f9ally1 b t  seeme? n to  
be all47    ,col4 iii4 #c1 #d1 ,= ye are
 dead1 & y\r life is hid ) ,*ri/ 9      
,god2 :5 ,*ri/ :o is our life %all      
appe>1 !n %all ye also  appe> ) him 9   
glory4 ,i "k t 9 v]se #c1 by life is    

meant  felicity or glory2 b n only2 z   
appe>e? by v]se #d1 :]e ,*ri/  is call$ 
our life4    ,matt4 xxviii4 #ah1 ,all   
p[] is giv5 unto me 9 heav5 & e>?4  v]4 
#bj1 ,i am ) y always4 ,john xiii4 #c1  
,! ,fa!r ha? giv5  all ?+s into 8 h&s4  
,john xvii4 #b1 #c1 ,?\ ha/ giv5 him p[]
 ov] all fle%1 t he  %\ld give et]nal   
life to z _m z ?\ ha/ giv5 him2 & ?is   
is life et]nal1 to "k !e1 c4    ,john v4
 #ba1 ,! ,son quick5e? :om he w3 v]4    
#bf1 ,= z !  ,fa!r ha? life 9 himself1 s
 ha? he giv5 to ! ,son to h life  9     
himself4    ,john vi4 #bg1 ,lab\r = t   
meat :i* endure? to ev]la/+ life1  :i* !
 ,son ( man %all give unto y1 = him ha? 
,god ! ,fa!r  seal$4 ,v]4 #cc1 ,he give?
 life unto ! _w4 ,v]4 #ed-eg1 ,:oso     
eate? my fle% & dr9ke? my blood ha?     
et]nal life----dwelle?  9 me & ,i 9     
him----my fle% is meat inde$----,z !    
liv+ ,fa!r  ha? s5t me1 & ,i live by !  
,fa!r1 s he t eate? me1 ev5 he  %all    
live by me4 ,v]4 #fc1 ,x is ! ,_s t     
quick5e?3 !  fle% pr(ite? no?+4    ,john

 vii4 #ci1 ,?is spake he ( ! ,_s1 :i* !y
 t believe 9  him %\ld receive4 ,john   
iii4 #cd1 ,god give? n ! ,_s to him  by 
measure4    #a ,cor4 vi4 #ag1 ,he t is  
jo9$ to ! ,"l is "o _s4    #b ,cor4 iii4
 #ag1 ,! ,"l is ! ,_s1 & :]e ! ,_s ( !  
,"l is1 !re is lib]ty4    ,phil4 i4 #ai1
 ,?r\gh ! supply ( ! ,_s ( ,jesus ,*ri/4
    ,john xv4 #d1 #e1 ,abide 9 me & ,i 9
 y3 z ! bran* _c be>  fruit ( itself1   
except x abide 9 ! v9e1 no m c ye except
 ye  abide 9 me4 ,i am ! v9e1 ye are !  
bran*es3 he t abide? 9 me  & ,i 9 him1 !
 same br+e? =? mu* fruit3 = )\t me 7or1 
out ( me1 or1 sev]$ f me7 ye c d no?+4  
,i w add no m3 all ?is is pro( en\gh t !
 ,_s is n  giv5 radically or imm$iately 
f ,god to any believ]1 b to  ,*ri/1 & s 
d]ivatively f him to u4 ,n t ! div9e    
nature  9 ! ?ird p]son is subject to !  
human nature 9 ,*ri/2 b t  ,god ha? made
 x ! (fice ( our ,m$iator's glorifi$    
humanity1 to  be ! ci/]n t %all fir/    
receive ! wat]s ( life1 & convey  !m by 
! pipes ( 8 appo9t$ means to all !      

(fices ( 8  h\se3 or to be ! head ( !   
animal spirits1 & by n]ves to  convey !m
 to all ! memb]s4    #c4 ,we are mu* 9 !
 d>k conc]n+ ! degree ( infants' glory2 
& !re=e we c z little "k1 :at degree (  
grace is necess>y  to prep>e !m = _!    
glory4    #d4 ,x is c]ta9 t infants be=e
 !y are glorifi$1 %all h  all t grace t 
is pr]equisite to _! prep>ation &       
fruition4    #e4 ,no sanctifi$ p]son on 
e>? is 9 an imm$iate capacity =  glory2 
because _! s9 & imp]fection mu/ be done 
away1 :i* is  done at ! dissolution (   
s\l & body4 ,! v accession ( !  s\l to  
,god do? p]fect x4    #f4 ,infants h no 
actual fai?1 or hope1 or love to ,god to
 ex]cise2  & !re=e ne$ n ! influ5ce ( ! 
,_s ( ,*ri/ to  ex]cise !m4    #g4 ,we  
are all s v mu* 9 ! d>k1 z to ! cle> &  
di/9ct  appreh5sion ( ! true nature (   
orig9al inh]5t pravity or s91  t we mu/ 
ne$s be z mu* ignorant ( ! true nature (
 t  inh]5t sanctity or righte\sness1 :i*
 is its contr>y or cure4  ,le>n$        
,illiricus ?\ght x 0 a sub/ance1 :i* he 

ha? 9 8  ,clavis plead$ = at l>ge4 ,o!rs
 call x a habit2 o!rs a nature  or      
natural incl9ation1 & a privation ( a   
natural incl9ation to  ,god4 ,o!rs call 
x an indisposition ( ! m9d & w to holy  
tru? & goodness1 & an ill disposition ( 
!m to error & evil4  ,o!rs call x only !
 inord9ate lu/ ( ! s5sitive faculties1  
) a debility ( reason & w to resi/ x4 ,&
 :il/ ! nature  ( ! s\l itself & its    
faculties1 are s mu* unkn[n to itself1  
! nature ( orig9al pravity &            
righte\sness mu/ ne$s be v  mu* unkn[n4 
#h4 ,?\gh an infant be a di/9ct natural 
p]son f 8 p>5ts1 yet  is he n actually a
 di/9ct p]son morally1 z be+ n a moral  
ag5t1 & s n capable ( moral actions good
 or evil4 ,!re=e 8  p>5ts' w goe? = 84  
#i4 ,8 fir/ acceptance into !           
complac5tial love ( ,god1 7z  di/9ct f 8
 love ( b5evol5ce17 is n = any inh]5t   
hol9ess 9 himself2 b1 7#a47 ,z ! *ild ( 
a believ+ p>5t :o  ha? d$icat$ him to   
,*ri/2 &1 7#b47 ,z a memb] ( ,*ri/1 9   
:om  he is well pleas$4    #aj4 ,!re=e  

,god c complac5tially z well z          
b5evol5tly love an  infant 9 ,*ri/1 :o  
only believe? & rep5te? by ! p>5ts1 &  n
 by himself1 & is n yet suppos$ to h !  
,_s (  sanctification4    #aa4 ,= ! ,_s 
( sanctification is n ! presuppos$      
condition  ( 8 acceptance into cov5ant )
 ,god1 b a gift ( ! cov5ant  ( ,god     
itself1 foll[+ bo? ! condition on our   
"p1 & our "r  to be cov5ant]s1 or to    
,god's promise ^u t condition4    #ab4  
,s ! adult !mselves h ! op]ation ( ! ,_s
 by :i*  !y believe & rep5t1 by :i* !y  
come to h _! "r to  ,god's "p 9 !       
cov5ant ( baptism 7= ?is is antec$5t to 
_!  baptism72 b !y h n ! gift ( ! ,_s1  
:i* is call$ 9  ,scripture ! ,_s (      
sanctification1 & ( p[]1 love1 & a  s\nd
 m9d1 & is ! b5efit giv5 by ! cov5ant ( 
baptism1 till  aft]w>d2 because !y mu/  
be 9 t cov5ant be=e x c be made  good to
 !m4#bhc ,& _! fai? or cons5t is _!     
infant's "r  also1 antec$5t to ! cov5ant
 gift4    #ac4 ,!re is !re=e "s notable 
diff]5ce betwe5 t "w (  ! ,_s by :i* we 

fir/ rep5t & believe1 & s h our title   
to ! promise ( ! ,_s1 & t gift ( ! ,_s  
:i* is  promis$ to believ]s2 :i* is n   
only ! ,_s ( miracles1 giv5  9 ! fir/   
times1 b "s notable degree ( love to our
 reconcil$  ,fa!r1 suitable to ! grace &
 gospel ( r$emption &  reconciliation1 &
 is call$ ! ,_s ( ,*ri/1 & ! ,_s  (     
adoption1#bhd :i* ! apo/les !mselves    
seem n to h  receiv$ till ,*ri/'s       
asc5sion4 ,& ?is seeme? to be n only    
diff]5t f ! gifts ( ! ,_s common to     
hypocrites & !  unbeliev]s1 b also f !  
special gift ( ! ,_s :i* make?  m5      
believ]s4 ,s t ,mr4 ,?o4 ,hook] sai?    
truli] ?an once ,i  und]/ood1 t vocation
 is a special grace ( ! ,_s1 di/9ct  f  
common grace on ! "o side1 & f          
sanctification on !  o!r side4 ,:e!r x  
be ! same degree ( ! ,_s :i* !  fai?ful 
_h be=e ,*ri/'s inc>nation1 :i* cause?  
m5 fir/ to  believe di/9ct f ! high]    
foll[+ degree1 ,i leave to inquiry2  b !
 c]ta9e/ di/9ction is f ! diff]5t       
effects4    #ad4 ,?\gh an infant _c be  

ei!r dispos$ to a holy life1 or fit  =  
glory imm$iately1 )\t an inw>d hol9ess (
 8 own1 yet by  :at is said x seeme?    
pla91 t m]ely on ! acc\nt ( !  condition
 p]=m$ by ! p>5t1 & ( 8 union relatively
 )  ,*ri/ !reupon1 & 8 title to ,god's  
promise on ^! gr\nds1 he  may be said to
 be 9 a /ate ( salvation2 t is1 to h !  
p>don  ( 8 orig9al s91 deliv]ance f     
hell1 79 "r17 adoption1 &  a "r to !    
ne$ful op]ations ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 z giv5
 to him  9 ,*ri/1 :o is ! fir/ receiv] (
 ! ,_s4    #ae4 ,b :5 & 9 :at sort &    
degree ,*ri/ give? ! actual  op]ations (
 ! ,_s to all cov5ant$ infants1 x is    
wond]fully  h>d = u to "k4 ,b ?is mu*   
seeme? cle>1 #a4 ,t ,*ri/ may  :5 he    
please "w on ! s\l ( an infant to *ange 
its  disposition1 be=e x come to ! use (
 reason4 #b4 ,t ,*ri/ &  8 ,_s z 9      
cov5ant ) infants1 are ready to give all
  necess>y assi/ance to infants = _!    
inh]5t sanctification1 9  ! use ( ^?    
means1 & on ^? fur!r conditions1 on :i* 
we  mu/ wait = x & expect x4#bhe ,= !   

,holy ,gho/ is n s  engag$ to u 9 our   
cov5ant or baptism1 z to be oblig$      
pres5tly  to give u all ! grace t we    
want2 b only to give x u on  c]ta9 fur!r
 conditions1 & 9 ! use ( c]ta9 means4 ,b
  because ?is leads me up to ano!r "q1  
,i w susp5d ! re/  ( ! answ] to ?is till
 t be h&l$4 ,only ,i mu/ answ] ?is      
objection4    ,object4 ,x is contr>y to 
! holy nature ( ,god1 complac5tially to 
love an unsanctifi$ infant1 t is yet 9 8
 orig9al corruption  un*ang$1 & he      
ju/ifie? none relatively f ! guilt ( s91
  :om he do? n at once inh]5tly         
sanctify4    ,answ4 #a4 ,god's          
complac5tial love respecte? e "o z he   
is2 =  x is goodness only t he s love?4 
,!re=e he s love? n  ^? t ei!r actually 
or habitually love n him1 "u any false  
supposition t !y d love him :5 !y d n4  
,8 love !re=e  to ! adult & infants     
diff]e? z ! objects diff]4 ,b !re is    
?is lovely 9 su* infants2 #a4 ,t !y are 
! *ildr5 (  believ+1 sanctifi$ p>5ts2   
#b4 ,t !y are by 8 cov5ant  relatively  

unit$ to ,*ri/1 & s are lovely z 8      
memb]s2 #c4 ,t  !y are p>don$ all _!    
orig9al s92 #d4 ,t !y are set 9 !  way  
to actual love & hol9ess2 be+ ?us       
d$icat$ to ,god4    #b4 ,all imp]fect   
sa9ts are s9n]s2 & all s9n]s are z su*  
abhorr$ ( ,god1 ^: pure eyes _c behold  
iniquity4 ,z !n x  w /& ) 8 purity to   
accept & love ! adult ^u _!  fir/       
believ+1 be=e _! fur!r sanctification1 &
  not)/&+ ! remnant ( _! s9s1 s may x d 
also to accept  _! infants ?r\gh ,*ri/  
^u _! d$ication4    #c4 ,z ! actual s9  
imput$ to infants 0 ,adam's1 & _! p>5ts'
  only by act1 & n _! own1 x is no wond]
 if ^u _! p>5ts'  fai? & rep5tance1     
,*ri/ wa% & ju/ify !m f t guilt  :i*    
arose only f ano!r's act4    #d4 ,& !n !
 inh]5t pravity 0 ! effect ( t act ( _! 
ance/ors1 :i* is =giv5 !m4 ,& ?is       
pravity or inh]5t1  orig9al s9 may two  
ways be said to be mortifi$ radically1  
or  virtually1 or inceptively be=e any  
inh]5t *ange 9 !m3 #a4 ,9  t x is       
mortifi$ 9 _! p>5ts f :om !y d]iv$ x1 :o

  h ! p[] ( *oos+ = !m2 &1 #b4 ,9 t !y  
are by  cov5ant +raft$ into ,*ri/1 & s  
relat$ to ! cause ( _!  future          
sanctification2 yea1 #c4 ,9 t also !y   
are by cov5ant &  _! p>5ts' promise1    
engag$ to use ^? means :i* ,*ri/ ha?    
appo9t$ = sanctification4#bhf    #e4 ,& 
x mu/ be rememb]$ t z ?is is b an       
inceptive1  prep>atory *ange1 s ! v     
p>don ( ! inh]5t vitiosity is  n p]fect1
 7z ,i h else:]e l>gely prov$17 h[ev] "s
  papi/s & prote/ants d5y x4 ,:ile s9   
rema9e?1 s9 &  corruption is /ill       
indwell+1 besides all ! unremov$        
p5alties (  x1 ! v be+ ( x prove? x to  
be s f> unp>don$1 9 t  x is n yet       
aboli%$1 & ! cont9uance ( x be+ n its   
smalle/ puni%m5t1 z p]mitt$1 & ! ,_s n  
giv5 s f> z  to cure x4 ,imp]fect p>don 
may consi/ ) a pres5t "r bo? to  fur!r  
sanctification by ! ,_s1 & s to heav54  
,object4 ,*ri/'s body ha? no unholy     
memb]s4    ,answ4 #a4 #a ,cor4 vii4 #ad1
 ,n[ are y\r *ildr5 holy4 ,!y are n     
:olly unholy :o h all ! =e-describ$     

hol9ess4 #b4 ,z infants  9 nature want  
memory & actual reason1 & yet initially 
are m52  s1 z ,*ri/'s memb]s1 !y may    
want actual & habitual fai? &  love1 &  
yet initially be sanctifi$1 by _! union 
) him & 8  ,_s1 & _! p>5ts' d$ication1 &
 be 9 ! way = m1 z  !y gr[ fit2 & be    
*ri/ians & sa9ts 9 fi]i1 or initially   
only1 z !y are m54    #bha ,matt4       
xxviii4 #ai1 #bj2 #a ,cor4 xii4 #ab1    
#ac2 ,eph4 iv4 #d1 #e4    #bhb ,! ,_s is
 n giv5 radically or imm$iately to any  
*ri/ian1 b to ,*ri/ our ,head alone1 & f
 him to u4    #bhc ,acts xxvi4 #h2 #b   
,tim4 iv4 #g2 ,rom4 viii4 #cj2 ,gal4 iv4
 #f4    #bhd ,rom4 viii4 #i1 #af1 #bf4  
#bhe ,mr4 ,:i/on1 p4 #fj1 %[e?1 ,t ev5 !
 promises ( a new  he>t1 c4 ,ezek4      
xxxvi4 xxxvii4 c4 ?\gh !y may run 9 !   
ext]nal t5or ( !m absolutely1 yet are n 
absolutely absolute1  b h a subord9ate  
condition1 & t is1 t ! p>ties  conc]n$ 9
 !m d fai?fully use ! means appo9t$ (   
,god 9 a  subs]vi5cy to 8 work+ 9 or    
be/[+ on !m ! good promis$4    #bhf     

,god's be+ a ,god to any individual     
p]son do? require &  presuppose t !y d =
 ! pres5t1 suppos+ !m capable1 or  = !  
future z soon z capable1 take ,god 9    
,*ri/ z _! ,god4  ,ibid4 p4 #fa4        
,que/4 ,,xliii4 ,is ! "r ( ! baptiz$    
7infants or adult7 to !  sanctify+      
op]ations ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 n[ absolute1 
or susp5d$  on fur!r conditions8 ,& are 
! p>5ts' fur!r duties = _!  *ildr5 su*  
conditions ( _! *ildr5's reception ( !  
actual  assi/ances ( ! ,_s8 ,or are     
*ildr5's own actions su*  conditions8 ,&
 may apo/ate p>5ts =feit ! cov5ant      
b5efits to  _! baptiz$ infants or n8    
,answ4 ,! "q is great & difficult1 & few
 d>e m$dle )  x4 ,& almo/ all infant    
cases are to u obscure4    ,i4 #a4 ,x is
 c]ta9 t x is ! p>5ts' great duty to br+
 up  _! *ildr5 9 ! nurture & admonition 
( ! ,"l4    #b4 ,x is c]ta9 t ,god ha?  
appo9t$ ?is to be ! means ( _!  actual  
k1 fai?1 & hol9ess4#bhg    #c4 ,& ,god  
do? n appo9t su* means unnecess>ily or 9
 va93 nor  may we ord9>ily expect 8     

grace b 9 ! use ( ! means (  grace1 :i* 
he ha? appo9t$ u to use4    #d4 ,x is   
c]ta9 t ,god's receiv+ ! *ildr5 ( !     
fai?ful1 is  an act ( ,god's love to !  
p>5ts z well z ! *ildr51 &  promis$ z a 
"p ( 8 bless+ on !mselves4    #e4 ,x is 
c]ta9 t ^! p>5ts hold _! own m]cies ^u !
  condition ( _! own cont9u$ fidelity3 &
 7let _! apo/asy be  on o!r reasons nev]
 s impossible1 or n future1 yet7 !      
promise  ( cont9uance & consummation ( !
 p]sonal felicity ( !  greate/ sa9t on  
e>?1 is /ill conditional1 ^u ! condition
 (  8 p]sev]+ fidelity4    #f4 ,ev5 be=e
 *ildr5 are capable ( in/ruction1 !re   
are c]ta9  duties impos$ by ,god on !   
p>5ts = _! sanctification2 viz4 #a4  ,t 
! p>5ts pray e>ne/ly & believ+ly = !m4  
#b4 ,t !y  !mselves s live t[>ds ,god z 
may invite him /ill to bless _!  *ildr5 
= _! sakes1 z he did ,abraham's1 &      
usually did to !  fai?ful's se$4#bhh    
#g4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! *ur* ev] requir$    
p>5ts1 n only to  ent] _! *ildr5 into ! 
cov5ant1 & s to leave !m1 b to  d _!    

aft] duty = _! good1 & to pray = !m1 &  
educate  !m accord+ to _! cov5ant4      
#h4 ,x is pla9 t if !re 7 none to       
promise s to educate !m1  ! *ur* w\ld n 
baptize !m4 ,& ,god himself1 :o all[$ ! 
,israelites1 & /ill all[e? u to br+ our 
*ildr5 into 8  cov5ant1 do? x on ?is    
supposition1 t we promise also to g on  
to d our duty = !m1 & t we actually d x4
    #i4 ,all ?is set toge!r make? x     
pla91 #a4 ,t ,god nev] promise?  ! adult
 9 baptism1 ?\gh true believ]s1 t he w  
"w 9 !m  all graces fur!r by 8 sanctify+
 ,_s1 let !m nev] s mu*  neglect or     
resi/ him2 or t he w absolutely see t !y
 nev]  %all resi/ him3 nor t ! ,_s %all 
/ill help !m1 ?\gh  !y neglect all 8    
means2 or t he w keep !m f neglect+  !  
means 7election may secure ?is to !     
elect z su*2 b !  baptismal cov5ant z   
su*1 secure? x n to ! baptiz$1 nor to   
believ]s z su*74 #b4 ,& consequ5tly t   
infants are 9 cov5ant  ) ! ,holy ,gho/  
/ill conditionally z _! p>5ts are2 & t  
! mean+ ( x is t ! ,holy ,gho/ z y\r    

,sanctifi] w  af=d y all necess>y help1 
9 ! use ( ^? means :i* he ha?  appo9t$ y
 to receive 8 help 94#bhi    ,object4   
,infants h no means to use4    ,answ4   
,:ile infants /& on _! p>5ts' acc\nt1 or
 wills1 !  p>5ts h means to use = !     
cont9uance ( _! grace1 z well  z = !    
beg9n+ ( x4    #aj4 ,!re=e ,i _c see b t
 if a believ] %\ld apo/atize1  7:e!r any
 d s is n ! "q7 & 8 infant n to be made 
ano!r's *ild1 he =feite? ! b5efits ( !  
cov5ant to 8  infant4 ,b if ! propriety 
9 ! infant be transf]r$ to ano!r1  x may
 alt] ! case4    #aa4 ,& h[ dang]\sly   
p>5ts may make p>tial =feitures ( !     
,_s's assi/ance to _! *ildr51 &         
op]ations on !m1 by  _! own s9ful lives1
 & neglect ( pray]1 & ( prud5t & holy   
education1 ev5 9 p>ticul> acts1 ,i fe>  
_m believ+ p>5ts  nev] well consid]$4   
#ab4 ,yet is n ?is =feiture su* z       
oblige? ,god to d5y 8  ,_s2 = he may d )
 8 own1 z a free b5efactor1 z he li/2  &
 may h m]cy freely1 beyond 8 promise1   
7?\gh n aga9/ 8  ^w17 on :om he w h     

m]cy4 ,b ,i say t he t consid]e?  !     
woeful unfai?fulness & neglect ( mo/    
p>5ts1 ev5 !  religi\s1 9 ! great "w (  
holy educat+ _! *ildr51 may  take !     
blame ( _! ungodl9ess on !mselves1 & n  
lay x on  ,*ri/ or ! ,_s :o 0 9 cov5ant 
) !m z _!  ,sanctifi]1 see+ he promis$ b
 conditionally to give !m !  sanctify+  
heav5ly influ5ces ( 8 life1 light1 &    
love1 9 _!  j use ( 8 appo9t$ means1    
accord+ to _! abilities4#bij    #ac4    
,also z soon z *ildr5 come to a little  
use ( reason1 !y  /& conjunctly on _!   
p>5ts' wills & on _! own4 ,z _!  p>5ts  
are b\nd to tea* & rule !m1 s !y are    
b\nd to le>n  ( !m & be rul$ by !m = _! 
good4 ,& ?\gh e s9 ( a  p>5t or a *ild  
be n a total =feiture ( grace1 yet bo?  
_!  notable actual s9s may ju/ly be     
puni%$1 ) a d5ial ( "s  fur!r help ( !  
,_s :i* !y grieve & qu5*4    ,,ii4 ,& n[
 ,i may seasonably answ] ! =m] "q1 :e!r 
infants' baptismal sav+ grace may be    
lo/1 ( :i* ,i mu/ = !  mo/ t is to be   
said ref] ! read] to ,dav5ant 79 ,mr4   

,b$=d's  book7 on ?is subject1 & to ,dr4
 ,samuel ,w>d jo9$ ) x1 7?\gh  ,mr4     
,gatak]'s answ]s are v le>n$ &          
consid]able17 & to my  small book call$ 
,my ,judgm5t ( ,p]sev]ance4    ,augu/9e1
 :o fir/ rose up = ! doctr9e (          
p]sev]ance1 aga9/  its adv]s>ies1 c>ri$ 
x no high] ?an to all ! elect z su*1  & 
n at all to all ! sanctifi$2 b (t       
affirme? t "s t  7 ju/ifi$1 sanctifi$1 &
 love ,god1 & are 9 a /ate (  salvation1
 are n elect1 & fall away2 b s9ce !     
re=mation1  great reasons h be5 br\ght  
to c>ry x fur!r to all ! truly          
sanctifi$2 ( :i* cause ,zan*ius 0 "o ( !
 fir/ le>n$ &  zeal\s patrons1 t ) great
 dilig5ce 9 long disputations  ma9ta9$  
x4 ,all t ,i h n[ to say is1 t ,i _h r )
  ,dav5ant believe t ! =e-describ$      
infant /ate ( salvation1  :i* came by ! 
p>5ts1 may be lo/ by ! p>5ts & !        
*ildr51 7?\gh su* a sanctifi$1 r5ew$    
nature 9 holy habits (  love z ! adult h
 be nev] lo/17 ?an believe t no infants 
are 9 ! cov5ant ( grace & to be baptiz$4

    ,object4 ,b ! *ild once 9 possession
 %all n be puni%$ =  ! p>5ts' s94       
,answ4 #a4 ,?is po9t is n commonly well 
und]/ood4 ,i h by me a  l>ge disputation
 prov+ f ! curr5t ( ,scripture1 a       
second>y  orig9al s91 besides t f ,adam1
 & a second>y puni%m5t  ord9>ily        
inflict$ on *ildr5 = _! p>5ts' s9s1     
besides !  common puni%m5t ( ! _w = !   
fir/ s94 #b4 ,b ! ?+ 9  "q is b a loss (
 t b5efit :i* !y receiv$ & hold  only by
 ano!r4 ,x is n s prop]ly call$ a       
puni%m5t =  ano!r's s91 z a             
non-deliv]ance1 or a non-cont9uance ( _!
  deliv]ance1 :i* !y 7 to receive on !  
condition ( ano!r's  duty4    ,object4  
,b ! *ur* reta9e? !m z h] memb]s1 & s _!
  "r is n lo/ by ! fault or apo/asy ( ! 
p>5ts4    ,answ4 #a4 ,lo/ x is "o way or
 o!r1 ) multitudes ( true  *ri/ians'    
*ildr51 :o nev] %[ any signs ( grace1 & 
prove  sometimes ! wor/ ( m54 ,& ,god   
breake? n 8 cov5ant4    #b4 ,h[ do? !   
*ur* keep ! ,greeks' *ildr5 t are made  
janiz>ies8    #c4 ,no man /aye? 9 ! *ur*

 )\t title4 ,if ! *ur* or any  *ri/ians 
take !m z _! own1 t is ano!r matt]4 ,i w
 n  n[ /ay to discuss ! "q1 :e!r        
apo/ates' baptiz$ infants  be /ill *ur* 
memb]s8 ,b :at ,i h said ( _! "r be=e   
,god1 seeme? pla94    #d4 ,& m>k1 t on  
:omsoev] y build an infant's "r1 y may  
z well say1 t he may suff] = o!r m5's   
default2 = if y  build x on ! magi/rate1
 ! m9i/]1 ! *ur*1 ! godfa!rs1  any ( !m 
may fail2 !y may d5y him baptism itself2
 !y may fail  9 8 education2 %all he    
suff] !n = want ( baptism or good       
education :5 x is _! faults8 ,:oev] a   
*ild or a man is to  receive a b5efit   
by1 ! fail+ ( t p]son may deprive him ( 
t b5efit4 ,m objections ,i mu/ pret]mit1
 to avoid prolixity4    #bhg ,eph4 vi4  
#d1 #e2 ,col4 iii4 #ba2 ,g54 xviii4 #ai2
 ,deut4 vi4 #f-h2 xi4  #ah-bj4    #bhh  
,second comm&m5t4 ,prov4 xx4 #g4    #bhi
 ,! ,holy ,gho/ is promis$ 9 baptism to 
give ! *ild grace 9  8 p>5ts' & 8 own   
fai?ful use ( ! appo9t$ means4    #bij  
,mr4 ,:i/on1 p4 #ec4 ,z ,abraham z a    

s+le p]son 9 !  cov5ant 0 to accept ( & 
p]=m ! conditions ( !  cov5ant--s z a   
p>5t he _h some?+ ( duty incumb5t on him
  ) ref]5ce to 8 7imm$iate7 se$2 & z 8  
fai?ful  p]=mance ( t duty incumb5t on  
him 9 8 s+le capacity1 s  8 p]=m+ t duty
 incumb5t on him z a p>5t 9 ref]5ce to  
8 se$1 0 absolutely necess>y 9 ord] to 8
 enjoy+ ! good  promis$1 ) ref]5ce to   
himself & 8 se$3 prov$ ,g54 xvii4 #a2   
xviii4 #ai4 ,he prove? t ! promise is   
conditional1 & t z to  ! cont9uance ( ! 
cov5ant /ate ! conditions are1 #a4 ,!   
p>5t's upright life4 #b4 ,8 duty to 8   
*ildr5 well done4 #c4 ,!  *ildr5's own  
duty z !y are capable4      ,que/4      
,,xliv4 ,do? baptism always oblige u at 
! pres5t1 & give  grace at ! pres5t8 ,& 
is ! grace :i* is n giv5 till long      
aft]1 giv5 by baptism3 or an effect (   
baptism8    ,answ4 ,i add ?is case = two
 reasons3 #a4 ,to op5 _! p]nici\s  error
 :o ?9k t a cov5ant or promise made by u
 to ,god1 only =  a future1 di/ant duty1
 7z to rep5t & believe be=e we die17 is 

all t is ess5tial to our baptismal      
cov5ant+4 #b4 ,to op5 !  ord9>y say+ (  
_m div9es1 :o say1 t baptism worke? n   
always at ! pres5t1 b sometimes only    
long aft]w>d4 ,! tru? ,i  ?9k may be ?us
 express$4    #a4 ,x is n baptism1 if   
!re be n ! pr(ession ( a pres5t  belief1
 a pres5t cons5t1 & a pres5t d$ition1 or
 resignation1 or  d$ication ( ! p]son to
 ,god1 by ! adult = !mselves1 & by      
p>5ts = _! infants4 ,he t only sai?1 ,i 
promise to believe1  rep5t1 & obey only 
at tw5ty or ?irty ye>s ( age1 is n      
morally  baptiz$2 = x is ano!r cov5ant (
 8 own :i* he w\ld make1  :i* ,god      
accepte? n4    #b4 ,x is n only a       
future1 b a pres5t relation to ,god1 z 8
 own1  8 subjects1 8 *ildr5 by          
r$emption1 to :i* ! baptiz$ p]son  do?  
cons5t4    #c4 ,x is a pres5t           
correlation1 & n a future only1 to :i*  
,god  cons5te? on 8 "p1 to be _! ,fa!r1 
,savi\r1 & ,sanctifi]1  _! ,own]        
peculi>ly1 _! ,rul] graci\sly1 & _! *ief
  ,b5efactor1 & ,felicity1 & ,end4      

#d4 ,x is n only a future b a pres5t    
remission ( s91 &  adoption & "r to     
temporal & et]nal m]cies1 :i* ,god give?
  to true cons5t]s by 8 cov5ant &       
baptism4    #e4 ,b ^? m]cies :i* we are 
n at t pres5t capable (1 are  n to be   
giv5 at ! pres5t1 b aft]w>d :5 we are   
capable2 z  ! p>ticul> assi/ances ( !   
,_s1 necess>y ^u all future  p>ticul>   
occasions1 c42 ! p>don ( future s9s2    
actual  glorification1 c4#bia    #f4 ,& 
! duties :i* are to be p]=m$ only = !   
future1 we  mu/ promise at pres5t to    
p]=m only = ! future1 9 _!  season1 to  
our lives' end4 ,!re=e we _c promise t  
infants  %all believe1 obey1 or love    
,god1 till !y are naturally capable (   
do+ x4    #g4 ,if any hypocrite d n     
inde$ rep5t1 believe1 or cons5t :5 he   
is baptiz$1 or baptize? 8 *ild1 he s f> 
faile? 9 ! cov5ant  pr(ess$2 & s mu* (  
baptism is undone2 & ,god do? n ent]    
into ! pres5t cov5ant relations to him1 
z be+ incapable  !re(4#bib    #h4 ,if   
?is p]son aft]w>ds rep5t & believe1 x is

 a do+ ( !  same ?+ :i* 0 omitt$ 9      
baptism1 & a mak+ ( ! same  cov5ant2 b n
 z a "p ( 8 baptism itself1 :i* is long 
pa/4    #i4 ,nor is he h]eupon to be    
re-baptiz$2 because ! ext]nal "p 0  done
 be=e1 & is n to be twice done2 b !     
int]nal "p :i*  0 omitt$1 is n[ to be   
done1 n z a "p ( baptism1 7old or  new17
 b z a "p ( p5it5ce1 = 8 omission4      
,object4 ,if cov5ant+ be a "p ( baptism1
 !n ?is p]son1 ^:  cov5ant is nev] a "p 
( 8 baptism1 do? live & die unbaptiz$4  
,answ4 ,z baptism signifie? only !      
ext]nal ord9ance1 he>t  cov5ant+ is no  
"p ( x1 b ! pr(ession ( x is2 & if  !re 
0 no pr(ession ( fai? made1 by ^w or    
sign1 ! p]son is  unbaptiz$4 ,b z       
baptism signifie? ! int]nal "p ) !      
ext]nal1 s he w be no baptiz$ p]son :ile
 he live?2 t is1  "o t 9 baptism did    
truly cons5t1 & receive ! spiritual     
relations to ,god2 b he w h ! same ?+ 9 
ano!r way (  ,god's appo9tm5t4    #aj4  
,:5 ?is p]son is aft] sanctifi$1 x is by
 ,god's p]=mance  ( ! same cov5ant 9    

specie1 :i* baptism is made to seal1 t  
,god do? p>don1 ju/ify1 & adopt him2 b  
?is is n by 8 pa/  baptism z a cause1 b 
by aft] grace & absolution4 ,! same     
cov5ant do? x1 b n baptism2 because     
inde$ ! cov5ant or  promise sai?1 ,:5ev]
 ?\ believe/ & rep5te/1 ,i w =give  !e2 
b baptism sai?1 ,because ?\ n[ believe/1
 ,i d =give  !e1 & wa% away ?y s92 &    
make? pres5t application4    #aa4 ,s if 
an infant or adult p]son live )\t grace1
 & at age be  ungodly1 8 baptismal      
cov5ant is violat$2 & 8 aft] conv]sion  
7or fai? & rep5tance7 is nei!r !        
fulfill+ ( ,god's cov5ant1  nor ( 8     
baptism nei!r4 ,! reason is1 because    
?\gh p>don &  adoption be giv5 by t     
conditional cov5ant ( grace :i* baptism 
seale?1 yet s is n t fir/ grace ( fai? &
 rep5tance :i*  is ! condition ( p>don &
 adoption1 & ! title to baptism  itself4
 ,else infidels %\ld h "r to baptism1 & 
!reby to  fai? & rep5tance4 ,b ^! are   
only ! free gifts ( ,god to !  elect1 & 
! fulfill+ ( "s absolute pr$ictions     

conc]n+ !  call+ ( ! elect1 & ! fulfill+
 ( ,god's w or cov5ant to  ,*ri/ !      
,m$iator1 t ,he %all see ! travail ( 8  
s\l & be  satisfi$1 & possess ^? t are  
giv5 him by ! ,fa!r4    #ab4 ,b :5 !    
condition ( ! cov5ant is at fir/ p]=m$  
by  ! p>5t = ! infant1 & ?is cov5ant    
nev] brok5 on ?is  *ild's behalf1       
7not)/&+ s9s ( infirmity17 9 ?is case ! 
fir/ actual fai? & rep5tance ( *ildr5 z 
!y gr[ up1 is f  ,god's fulfill+ ( 8    
baptismal cov5ant ) !m4 ,! reason is1   
because t ,god 9 t cov5ant did give !m a
 "r ( relation to  ! ,holy ,_s 9 ,*ri/  
_! ,head1 z _! ,sanctifi]1 to op]ate  on
 !m z !y are capable4 ,b if !y fir/     
prove apo/ates & be  aft] conv]t$1 ,god 
is disoblig$ 7yea1 to hypocrites nev] 0 
oblig$7 z to ! engagem5t made by him 9  
baptism2 & do? n[1 #a4  ,freely give !m 
fai? & rep5tance z a b5efactor to 8     
elect1  & !n1 #b4 ,z a cov5ant] give !m 
p>don & adoption1 c4    #ac4 ,s to !    
adult1 t truly made ! baptismal cov5ant 
& nev]  apo/atiz$ f x1 all ! grace t    

,god give? !m ?r\gh _!  lives1 is 8     
fulfill+ ( 8 promises made to !m1 &     
seal$ by  baptism1 & a fruit ( _!       
baptism4 ,b to hypocrites & apo/ates  x 
is o!rwise1 z is be=e expla9$4    #bia  
,rom4 vi4 #a1 #d1 #f1 #g1 c4    #bib    
,acts viii4 #cg1 #ch2 xiii4 #bj-bc4     
,que/4 ,,xlv4 ,:at is a prop] violation 
( our baptismal cov5ant8    ,answ4 ,note
 well1 t !re is a wide diff]5ce betwe5  
^!  que/ions1 #a4 ,:5 do? a man miss (1 
or lose1 8 pres5t "p 9  ! cov5ant or    
promise ( ,god 9 ! gospel8#bic 7,?is is 
z long z  he is imp5it5t1 an unbeliev] &
 refus]47 #b4 ,:5 do? a man  totally    
lose 8 "p & hope 9 t promise or cov5ant 
( ,god1 s  z to be liable to all !      
p5alty ( x8 7,t is only by f9al         
imp5it5ce1 unbelief & refusal1 :5 life  
is end$47 #c4 ,& :5  do? a man violate 8
 own cov5ant or promise made to ,god 9  
baptism8  ,:i* is our pres5t "q4 ,to :i*
 ,i answ]1    #a4 ,?is promise ha? p>ts 
ess5tial & p>ts integral3 we promise  n 
bo? ^! p>ts alike1 nor on ! same t]ms2  

?\gh bo? be  promis$4 ,! ess5tial p>ts1 
are our ess5tial duties (  *ri/ianity1  
7fai?1 love1 rep5tance 9 ! ess5tial     
p>ts17 c4  ,! integrals are ! integral  
duties ( ,*ri/ianity4#bid    #b4 ,he t  
p]=me? n ! ess5tial duties is an        
apo/ate1 or  hypocrite4    #c4 ,he t    
p]=me? n ! integral duties is a s9n]1 n 
only  aga9/ ! law ( nature1 & ,*ri/'s   
precepts1 b 8 own promise2  7& 9 ?is    
s5se we all confess our brea* ( cov5ant 
) ,*ri/27  b he is no apo/ate1          
hypocrite1 or out ( cov5ant4    #bic    
,john iii4 #af-ah1 #cf2 i4 #aa-ac4      
#bid #b ,pet4 ii4 #bj-bc2 ,heb4 vi4 #b1 
#d-h2 x4 #bf-bh2 #a ,john i4 #i1 #aj2   
,james iii4 #b1 #c4      ,que/4 ,,xlvi4 
,may n baptism 9 "s cases be repeat$8 ,&
 :58    ,answ4 #a4 ,y mu/ di/+ui% betwe5
 baptism1 tak5 morally1 or  only        
physically4 #b4 ,betwe5 baptism morally1
 z x is a *ur* or  visible cov5ant1 & z 
a he>t cov5ant4 #c4 ,betwe5 real        
baptism1  & seem+ baptism1 :i* is a     
nullity4 #d4 ,betwe5 c]ta9 reception  ( 

baptism1 & t :i* is unc]ta9 or ju/ly    
d\bt$ (4 ,& s ,i  answ]1    #a4 ,real & 
c]ta9 baptism z a visible *ur* ord9ance 
may n be  repeat$2 ?\gh ! he>t cov5ant 0
 want+2 & ?\gh x want$  n only dec5t    
modes1 b integral p>ts4    #b4 ,b 9 ^!  
cases baptism may be us$ :]e x seem$ to 
h be5  receiv$ be=e4    #a4 ,:5 ! p]son 
made no pr(ession ( ! *ri/ian fai? 7nor 
8  p>5ts = him1 if an infant74 #b4 ,if t
 pr(ession notori\sly  want$ an ess5tial
 "p2 z if he only pr(ess$ to believe 9  
,god  ! ,fa!r1 & n 9 ! ,son1 or ! ,holy 
,gho/4 #c4 ,if ! m9i/]  only baptiz$ him
 into ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 or ,son1 or left  
out any  ess5tial "p4 #d4 ,if ! p]son or
 m9i/ry only contract$ = a  di/ant      
futurity1 7z1 ,i w be a *ri/ian :5 ,i am
 old1 c47 &  n = ! pres5t2 :i* is n to  
be *ri/5$1 b only to  promise to be     
*ri/5$ h]eaft]4 #e4 ,if all application 
( wat] 7or  any wat]y elem5t7 0 omitt$1 
:i* is ! ext]nal sign4 #f4 ,( !         
baptiz]'s p[] ,i %all speak anon4 #g4   
,if ! *ur* or ! p]son  himself h j cause

 ( d\bt+1 :e!r he 0 truly baptiz$ or  n1
 to d x aga91 ) hypo!tical expressions1 
,if ?\ art n  baptiz$1 ,i baptize !e2   
yea1 or simply :ile t is und]/ood1 is   
lawful1 & fit4 ,& x is n to be twice    
baptiz$ morally1 b only  physically1 z  
,i h fully op5$ 9 ! "q ( re-ord9ation1  
to :i* ,i mu/ ref] ! read]4    #c4 ,& ,i
 confess ,i make little d\bt b t ^? 9   
,acts xix4 7  re-baptiz$1 not)/&+ !     
witty evasion inv5t$ by ,phil4          
,m>nixius ,aldegondus1 & ,beza's        
improvem5t ( x1 & ! n[ common  reception
 ( t int]pretation4#bie    ,=1 #a4 ,a   
new & =c$ exposition :i* no read]       
dreame? ( till  x be put into 8 head1 is
 usually to be suspect$1 le/ art deceive
  u4    ,sid5ote3 ,:e!r x 7 re-baptiz+4 
#b4 ,! omission ( ! ,holy ,gho/ is an   
ess5tial defect1 & make?  baptism       
specifically ano!r ?+2 & he 7 n[ to be  
re-baptiz$  :o %\ld be s baptiz$4    #c4
 ,:atev] "s say 9 heat aga9/ ! papi/s1  
,john's baptism &  our *ri/ian baptism  
are s specifically di/9ct also1 t he t  

_h n[ b ,john's 7 to be yet baptiz$3 !  
p]son ( ! ,messiah  himself be+ n       
det]m9ately put into ,john's baptism z  
su*4 ,nor  c x be suppos$ t all ! ,jews 
t ,john baptiz$1 7 baptiz$  into !      
pr(ession ( fai? 9 ?is num]ical p]son   
,jesus1 b only  to an unkn[n ,savi\r    
undet]m9$3 h[ev] he po9t$ to ,*ri/ 9  ! 
he>+ ( "s ( 8 disciples4 ,we mu/ n run f
 pla9  tru? 9 peevi%ness or opposition  
to papi/s or any o!r m54    #d4 ,! fif? 
v]se w\ld n be true ( ,john's baptism1 z
 ! hi/ory  %[e?1 t :5 ,john's he>]s he>d
 ?is1 !y 7 baptiz$ into  ! "n ( ! ,"l   
,jesus4 ,?is is contr>y to ! text t     
recorde? x4    #e4 ,9 ! f\r? v]se1 !    
words t is1 on ,*ri/ ,jesus are  pla9ly 
,paul's expository words ( ,john's1 & n 
,john's words4 ,john  baptiz$ !m into ! 
"n ( ! ,messiah t %\ld come aft]  him1  
:i* inde$1 sai? ,paul1 0 ,*ri/ ,jesus1  
?\gh n !n  p]sonally det]m9$ by ,john4  
#f4 ,! connexion ( ! f\r?1 fif?1 & six? 
v]ses puts all out  ( d\bt4 #a4 ,9 !    
f\r? v]se ! la/ words are ,paul's1 t is1

  on ,*ri/ ,jesus4 #b4 ,9 ! next words1 
v]se #d1 ,:5 !y he>d  ?is1 !y 7 baptiz$1
 c4 mu/ ref] to ! la/ words1 or to 8  t 
0 speak+ to !m4 #c4 ,v]se #f1 ! pron\n  
!m1 :5 ,paul  _h laid 8 h&s on !m1      
pla9ly ref]re? to !m la/ spok5 (1  v]se 
#e1 :i* !re=e 7 n ,john's he>]s z su*4  
#d4 ,& !  words1 !y 7 baptiz$ into ! "n 
( ! ,"l ,jesus1 are  pla9ly di/9ctive f 
,john's baptism4 ,sai? ,grotius1 ,sic   
accep]e  ,lat9us1 ,syrus1 ,arabs1 et    
,vet]es omnes ante ,m>nixium 7ut v]ba   
,luc74 ,yet ,i say n s h>dly ( ,john's  
baptism1 z ,t]tullian on  ?is text1 7de 
,baptis47 ,adeo po/ea 9 ,actis          
apo/olorum inv5imus1  quoniam qui       
,johannis baptismum habebant1 non       
accepiss5t ,spiritum  ,sanctum1 quem ne 
auditu quidam nov]ant3 ergo non erat    
cle/e1  quod cle/ia non exhibebat4 ,see 
,dr4 ,hammond 9 loc4    #bie ,( ,acts   
xix4 #a-e4      ,que/4 ,,xlvii4 ,is     
baptism by laym5 or wom5 lawful 9 cases 
(  necessity8 ,or are !y nullities1 & ! 
p]son to be re-baptiz$4    ,answ4 ,i4 ,i

 "k "s ( ! anci5ts all[$ x 9 necessity4 
,b ,i  "k no su* necessity t c be3 =1   
#a4 ,god ha? expressly made x  a "p ( ! 
m9i/]ial (fice by commission1 ,matt4    
xxviii4 #ai1 #bj4  #b4 ,he ha? no :]e   
giv5 to any o!r ei!r comm& to oblige !m 
to d x or commission to au?orize !m1 or 
promise to bless &  accept !m 9 x1 or   
?reat5+ if !y omit x4 #c4 ,he (t sev]ely
  puni%e? su* z invade ! sacr$ function1
 or usurp any "p ( x4  #d4 ,!re=e x is a
 s9 9 ! do]1 & !n !re c be no  necessity
 ( x 9 su* a case 9 ! receiv]4 #e4 ,he t
 is 9  cov5ant by op51 pr(ess$ cons5t1  
wants no?+ necess>y to 8  salvation1    
ei!r necessitate m$ii vel prcepti1 :5 x 
_c be  _h 9 a lawful way4    ,,ii4 ,z to
 ! nullity1 ,i w n det]m9e s controv]t$ 
a po9t  any fur!r ?an to say1 #a4 ,t if 
! layman _h ! c\nt]feit  ord]s ( a      
m9i/]1 & _h possession ( ! place1 & 7   
tak5  = "o1 8 deceit depriv$ n ! receiv]
 ( 8 "r1 nor made  x 8 s91 & ,i %\ld n  
re-baptize him1 if aft] discov]$4    #b4
 ,b if he 7 9 no possession1 or pret5ce 

( ! (fice1 ,i w\ld  be baptiz$ aga91 if 
x 7 my case2 because ,i %\ld fe> t :at  
is done 9 ,*ri/'s "n by "o t notori\sly 
_h no au?ority f  him to d x1 is n own$ 
by ,*ri/ z 8 de$1 & s is a nullity4  ,z 
if a deceiv] g 9 my "n to make b>ga9s = 
me4    #c4 ,& if any t _h aft] discov]$ 
a m9i/] to be inde$ no  m9i/] t baptiz$ 
him1 %\ld d\bt ( ! validity1 & =        
c]ta9ty h x done aga9 by an au?oriz$    
m9i/]1 ,i w\ld n  discomm5d him3 nor    
w\ld ,i acc\nt x morally twice baptiz+1 
b a  physical repeat+ ( t act :i*       
morally is b "o 7z ,i  expla9$ be=e (   
re-ord9ation74    ,!re=e if "o t 0 a    
gross h]etic 9 ! v ess5tials1 or  an    
infidel1 or "o t _h n k & p>ts          
ess5tially  necess>y to ! m9i/ry1       
baptize "o1 79 "r words17 ,i w\ld n     
blame him t = c]ta9ty w\ld h an au?oriz$
 p]son to d x2  especially if he 0      
notori\sly su* a "o :5 he did x4 ,let ^?
  t are angry ) ?is resolution be z fair
 to me z !y w be  to ,v5]able ,b$e1 & t 
great miracle-work+ bi%op ,john1 :om 9  

8 ecclesia/ical hi/ory he reporte? to   
baptize a man aga9 9  ,engl&1 m]ely     
because ! prie/ t did x 0 s dull1       
ignorant1  & insuffici5t z 9 ,john's    
judgm5t to be uncapable ( ! (fice1  &   
!re=e _h be5 by him =bidd5 to use x1    
?\gh ! p]son  baptiz$ 7at age7 knew n   
?is3#bif viz4 ,h]ebaldus1 ut ,b$4 l4 v4 
c4 #f4    #bif ,( :i* be=e4      ,que/4 
,,xlviii4 ,may anabapti/s1 t h no o!r   
error1 be  p]mitt$ 9 *ur* communion8    
,answ4 ,yes3 & tol]at$ 9 _! own practice
 also3 =1 #a4 ,!y  agree ) u 9 all po9ts
 absolutely necess>y to communion4      
#b4 ,! anci5t *ri/ians _h lib]ty ei!r to
 baptize1 or to let  !m /ay till age1 z 
!y ?\ght be/2 & !re=e ,t]tullian &      
,nazianz5 speak aga9/ ha/e2 & ,augu/9e &
 _m *ildr5 (  *ri/ian p>5ts 7 baptiz$ at
 age4    #c4 ,! controv]sy is ( s great 
difficulty1 t if 9 all su*  cases none t
 diff] be tol]at$1 we may n live toge!r 
9 !  _w or *ur*1 b endlessly            
excommunicate or p]secute "o ano!r4     
#d4 ,su* sob] antipdobapti/s w cons5t1  

to pr(ess op5ly1 t  !y d devote _!      
*ildr5 to ,god accord+ to all ! p[] or  
duty :i* !y c f9d communicat$ or laid ^u
 !m 9 ! ^w (  ,god2 & t if !y believ$ t 
,god w\ld accept !m into 8  cov5ant ^u  
_! d$ication1 !y w\ld will+ly d x4 ,& t 
actually !y d (f] !m to ,god accord+ to 
_! p[]1 &  promise to br+ !m up 9 8 way4
 ,& :o c =ce m5's wills to  *oose aright
 = !mselves or o!rs8      ,que/4 ,,xlix4
 ,may "o (f] 8 *ild to be baptiz$1 ) !  
sign (  ! cross1 or ! use ( *rism1 !    
:ite g>m5t1 milk & honey1 or  exorcism1 
z among ! ,lu!rans1 :o take? ^! to be   
unlawful  ?+s8    ,answ4 ,i am n n[ to  
m$dle ) ! "q1 :e!r !y be  lawful8 b to  
?is "q ,i answ]1    #a4 ,he t judge? !m 
unlawful1 mu/ fir/ d 8 be/ to be c]ta9  
:e!r !y be s or n4    #b4 ,if s1 he mu/ 
nev] approve ( !m1 or cons5t to !m4     
#c4 ,he mu/ n (f] 8 *ild to be s        
baptiz$1 :51 ctesris  p>ibus1 he may h x
 done 9 a bett] mann] on lawful t]ms4   
#d4 ,b :5 he _c lawfully h bett]1 he may
 & mu/ (f] 8  *ild to !m t w s baptize  

him1 r ?an to worse1 or none  at all3   
because baptism is ,god's ord9ance & 8  
privilege1 & !  s9 is ! m9i/]'s1 & n 84 
,ano!r man's s9ful mode w n  ju/ify !   
neglect ( our duty2 else we might n jo9 
9 any pray]  or sacram5t 9 :i* ! m9i/]  
modally s9ne?2 t is1 )  none4    #e4 ,! 
milk & honey1 :ite g>m5t & *rism1 are s 
anci5t  7call$ by ,epiphanius & o!rs !  
traditions & cu/oms ( !  univ]sal *ur*7 
t ! orig9al ( !m is n kn[n4 ,& he t  !n 
w\ld n be s baptiz$1 mu/ n h be5 baptiz$
 at all4    #f4 ,b 9 ?is case he t br+e?
 8 *ild to baptism1 %\ld make  kn[n1 t x
 is baptism only t he desire?2 & t he   
dis[ne?  & disall[e? ! mann] :i* he     
acc\nte? s9ful3 & !n he is  no cons5t]  
to x4    #g4 ,b :]e law1 sc&al1 or great
 inconv5i5ces =bid him1 he is  n to make
 ?is pr(ession op5ly 9 ! congregation1 b
 9 t  prud5t mann] :i* beseeme? a sob]1 
peaceable p]son2 :e!r to  ! m9i/] 9     
private1 or to 8 neighb\rs 9 conv]se2 x 
be+  easy among neighb\rs to make kn[n a
 man's diss5t1 )\t a  disord]ly tr\bl+ (

 ! *ur*1 or violat+ ! laws (  ob$i5ce1  
civility1 & peace4    #h4 ,b he mu/ n1  
#a4 ,ei!r (f] 8 *ild to baptism1 :]e !  
ord9ance is ess5tially corrupt$1 or     
worse ?an none4 #b4 ,or :]e he  _c be   
admitt$ )\t an actual s9 ( 8 own2 z by  
false  pr(essions1 subscriptions1 c4 ,= 
we mu/ n d evil = good ends4      ,que/4
 ,l4 ,:5ce came ! anci5t univ]sal cu/om 
( ano9t+ at  baptism1 & putt+ on a :ite 
g>m5t1 & ta/+ milk & honey8  ,& :e!r !y 
are lawful to u8    ,answ4 #a4 ,we mu/  
rememb] t ! signification ( ^! 0 n by  a
 new in/itution ( !irs1 b by =m] cu/om (
 ! c\ntries  :]e !y liv$4#big ,z1 7#a47 
,ano9t+ 9 ,judea 0 l ba?+ at  ,rome3 x 0
 tak5 9 ^? scor*+ c\ntries = a :olesome1
 &  eas+1 & com=t+ ?+2 & !re=e us$ to   
refre% ! we>y  limbs ( travell]s1 & to  
com=t ! sick4    7#b47 ,& x 0 ! long    
accu/om$ c]emony also us$ on (fic]s     
acc\nt$ sacr$1 k+s & prie/s1 :o 7 ano9t$
 at _!  entrance & inve/iture4    7#c47 
,:ite clo?+ & purple 7 !n & !re tak5 = !
  noble/ attire2#bih n appropriat$ to   

sacr$ ?+s & p]sons2  b z sc>let lately 9
 ,engl&1 ! g>b only ( great m54 ,on :i* 
acc\nt1 n z a sacr$ ve/m5t1 b z an      
hon\rable clo?+1 :5  ! bi%ops began to  
be advanc$1 !y 7 all[$ to we> :ite      
clo?+1 n only :5 !y (ficiat$1 b at o!r  
times4    7#d47 ,! milk & honey 7 !re   
highly e/eem$ = food1 &  acc\nt$ ! "* ( 
! l& ( promise4#bii    #b4 ,h]eupon by  
application ! *ur*es us$ ^! signs 9 !   
sacr$  ord9ance ( baptism3 n by new     
in/itution ( ! signification1 ,i  say1 b
 by application ( ! old well-kn[n       
signification4    #c4 ,z natural signs  
are commonly all[$ to be appli$ to holy 
?+s1  s signs ^: signification is ( old 
& commonly /at$ & well  kn[n by agreem5t
 or cu/om1 d seem 9 ?is n to be diff]5t 
f  natural signs4 ,su* are all words1 z 
signs ( our m9ds2 no ^w  signify+ any ?+
 naturally1 b by agreem5t or cu/om only4
 ,&  su* is kneel+ 9 pray]1 & be+       
uncov]$1 & _m ! l3  ab\t "s ( :i* ,paul 
appeale? to ! cu/om ( ! *ur*es (        
,god4#cjj    #d4 ,x is mo/ probable t ^!

 two ?+s toge!r br\ght 9  ano9t+3 7#a47 
,! common use ( ano9t+ !n1 9 bo? !      
=esaid  cases 7common refre%m5t & sacr$ 
inve/iture74 7#b47 ,& !  mi/ake ( all ^?
 ,scripture texts1 :i* comm& or m5tion  
ano9t+ metaphorical3 z #a ,john ii4 #bg1
 ,! ano9t+ :i* y  h receiv$--tea*e? y   
all ?+s4 ,ezek4 xvi4 #i1 ,i wa%$ !e1  ,i
 ano9t$ !e ) oil1 c4 ,psal4 cv4 #ae2 #a 
,*ron4 xvi4 #bb1 ,t\*  n m9e ano9t$4    
,rev4 iii4 #ah4cja    ,& )al read+ t we 
are made k+s & prie/s to ,god1 & a      
royal prie/hood1 !y ?\ght ?is might be  
signifi$ by ! usual  honor>y signs (    
su*1 z well z by words to be call$ su*4 
,s t  !y took x z if1 9 our age1 !      
baptiz$ %\ld be set 9 a *air  ( /ate1 & 
sumptu\sly app>ell$1 & a fea/ made to   
solemnize  x1 z !y d at w$d+s1 & !      
baptiz$ p]son set at ! upp]  end1 c4 :i*
 are significant actions & c]emonies2 b 
!y  int5d$ !m n z new sacram5ts1 or any 
"p ( ! sacram5t1 b  z a pomp\s          
celebration ( ! sacram5t by su*         
additional  c]emonial accid5ts4    #e4  

,& y mu/ rememb] t !y liv$ among        
infidels1 :]e _!  pr(ession 0 made !    
common scorn1 :i* tempt$ !m by su*      
o/5tation & pomp to seek to make x      
hon\rable1 & to %[ t  !y s acc\nt$ x1 & 
to enc\rage ^? :o 7 disc\rageable  by ! 
scorn4 ,on :i* acc\nt also !y us$ !     
cross1 & !  memorials ( ! m>tyrs4    #f4
 ,yet "s1 yea1 _m aft]w>ds did seem to  
take ! ano9t+ = a  sacram5tal action4   
,:5 !y read t ! lay+ on ( h&s 0 !  sign 
( giv+ ! ,holy ,gho/1 z di/9ct f        
baptism1 & t !  ,_s is call$ 9          
,scripture ! ano9t+1 !y jo9$ bo?        
toge!r1 & made t :i* !y n[ call$ !      
sacram5t (  confirmation4    #g4 ,:e!r !
 ano9t+1 milk & honey1 & ! :ite g>m5t1 7
  !n s9ful 9 !mselves to ! us]s1 ,i     
det]m9e n4 ,b c]ta9ly  !y prov$ v ill by
 accid5t1 :il/ at ?is door ^? num]\s  & 
unlawful c]emonies h ent]$1 :i* h s     
tr\bl$ !  *ur*es1 & corrupt$ religion2 &
 among ! papi/s1 ,greeks1  ,arm5ians1   
,abass9es1 & _m o!rs1 h made ! sauce to 
become  ! meat1 & ! lace to g = clo?+1 &

 turn$ too mu* (  ,god's wor%ip into    
imag]y1 %ad[s1 & pomp\s %[s4    #big    
,psal4 xxiii4 #e2 xcii4 #aj2 ,luke vii4 
#df2 ,matt4 vi4 #ag2 ,amos vi4  #f2     
,psal4 lxxxix4 #bj2 ,lev4 xvi4 #cb2     
,luke xvi4    #bih ,rev4 iii4 #d1 #e1   
,!y %all walk ) me 9 :ite4    #bii ,jam4
 v4 #ad2 ,m>k vi4 #ac4    #cjj #a ,cor4 
xi4 #af4    #cja ,rev4 i4 #f2 v4 #aj2   
xx4 #f2 #a ,pet4 ii4 #e1 #i4      ,que/4
 ,,li4 ,:e!r x be necess>y t !y t are   
baptiz$ 9  infancy1 d solemnly at age   
r5ew & own _! baptismal cov5ant1  be=e  
!y h "r to ! /ate & privileges ( adult  
memb]s8  ,& if !y d n1 :e!r !y are to be
 numb]$ ) *ri/ians or  apo/ates8        
,answ4 #a4 ,*ur* memb]%ip is ! same ?+ 9
 infants & 9 !  adult4    #b4 ,infants  
are naturally uncapable ( do+ all t 9   
baptism :i*  ! adult mu/ d2 z to und]/&1
 pr(ess1 c4 !mselves4    #c4 ,! baptism 
( ! adult1 be+ ! mo/ complete1 because (
 !  maturity ( ! receiv]s1 is made ! /&+
 patt]n 9 ,scripture2  = ,god =me? 8    
ord9ances to ! mo/ p]fect ord9>y        

receiv]s4    #d4 ,?\gh an infant be     
devot$ acceptably to ,god by 8 p>5t's w1
  yet :5 he is at age x mu/ be done by 8
 own w4    #e4 ,!re=e a b>e infant title
 cease? :5 we come to age1 & !  p]son's 
title cease?1 unless x be r5ew$ by      
himself1 or 8 own  cons5t4 ,! reason is1
 because ! conditions ( 8 infant title  
!n cease3 = 8 p>5t's w %all g = 8 no    
long]4    #f4 ,regul>ly & ad b5e esse ! 
transition out ( ! /ate (  infant       
memb]%ip into ! /ate ( adult memb]%ip   
%\ld be v  solemn2 & by an und]/&+1     
p]sonal own+ ( ! baptismal  cov5ant4#cjb
    #g4 ,!re ne$e? no o!r pro( ( ?is1   
?an1 #a4 ,t ,god 9  ,scripture nev] gave
 adult p]sons title to ?is cov5ant1 b by
  _! own p]sonal cons5t2 & at ! fir/    
in/itution ( baptism1  bo? w5t toge!r1  
7p]sonal pr(ession & baptism17 because !
  receiv]s 7 adult4 #b4 ,& t infants are
 capable ( baptism1 b  n ( p]sonal      
pr(ession4 #c4 ,!re=e ?\gh !y are n to  
repeat  baptism1 :i* 0 done be=e1 yet !y
 are b\nd to make t  pr(ession at age   

:i* !y nev] made be=e4    #h4 ,:]e ?is  
solemn own+ ( _! cov5ant _c be _h1 7by  
reason ( *ur* corruptions1 & magi/rates'
 prohibition17 !re !  p]son's ord9>y    
jo9+ ) ! *ur*1 9 ! public pr(ession  &  
wor%ip1 is to be tak5 = an own+ x4      
#i4 ,he t be+ baptiz$ 9 infancy1 do? no 
way at full age own 8  baptismal        
cov5ant1 is to be tak5 = an apo/ate3 #a4
 ,because 8  infant title cease?4 #b4 ,&
 he notori\sly violate? 8 cov5ant4 #c4  
,because he c be no adult *ri/ian t no  
way owne? ,*ri/4    #aj4 ,b ?is is to be
 und]/ood ( ^? t h opportunity2 =  "o 9 
a wild]ness among hea!ns only1 _c jo9 9 
public  wor%ip1 nor give te/imony ( 8   
*ri/ianity to ! *ur*4    #aa4 ,?\gh !   
sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp] be appo9t$ = ! 
r5ew+ ( our cov5ant at age1 yet is x n !
 fir/ own+ ( !  cov5ant1 by ! ag$3 = t  
sacram5t belonge? nei!r to infants  nor 
infidels2 & he t claime? x1 mu/ be an   
adult *ur* memb]  or *ri/ian2 :i* ^? are
 n1 :o at full age no way ev] own$  _!  
baptismal cov5ant1 nor made any p]sonal 

pr(ession (  *ri/ianity4    ,b ( ?is ,i 
h writt5 purposely 9 a ,treatise (      
,confirmation  long ago4    #cjb ,see ! 
pro(s ( all 9 my ,treatise (            
,confirmation4      ,que/4 ,,lii4 ,:e!r 
! univ]sal *ur* consi/ only ( p>ticul>  
*ur*es & _! memb]s8    ,answ4 ,no3      
p>ticul> *ur*es are ! mo/ regul> p>ts ( 
!  univ]sal *ur*1 b n ! :ole2 no m ?an  
cities &  corporations be all ! k+dom4  
#a4 ,"s may be1 z ! eunu*1  baptiz$ be=e
 !y c come to any p>ticul> *ur*2 or z   
,paul1  be=e !y c be receiv$4#cjc    #b4
 ,"s may live :]e *ur* tyranny h9d]e?   
!m1 by s9ful  impositions2 z all t live 
among ! papi/s4    #c4 ,"s may live 9   
times ( d\bt+1 di/raction1 & confusion1 
&  n "k :at *ur* ord9>ily to jo9 )1 &   
may provid5tly g  promiscu\sly to _m1 & 
keep 9 an unfix$ /ate = a "t4    #d4 ,"s
 may be wives1 *ildr51 or s]vants1 :o   
may be viol5tly  h9d]$4    #e4 ,"s may  
live :]e no p>ticul> *ur*es are2 z      
m]*ants &  ambassadors among ,mahometans
 & hea!ns4    #cjc ,acts viii4 #cg1 c42 

ix4 #ag-bj1 #bf-bh4      ,que/4 ,,liii4 
,mu/ ! pa/or fir/ call ! *ur*1 &        
aggregate  !m to himself1 or ! *ur* fir/
 congregate !mselves1 & !n  *oose !     
pa/or8    ,answ4 #a4 ,! pa/ors are 9    
ord] ( nature1 if n 9 "t1 fir/  m9i/]s (
 ,*ri/ 9 g5]al1 be=e !y are relat$ to a 
p>ticul> *>ge4    #b4 ,z su* m9i/]s1 !y 
fir/ make m5 fit to be congregate1 &    
tell !m _! duty !re94    #c4 ,b x is a  
matt] v>iable & indiff]5t1 :e!r ! m9i/] 
fir/ say1 ,all t w jo9 ) me1 & submit to
 me z _!  pa/or1 %all be my p>ticul>    
*>ge2 or ! p be=e  congregat$ d call a  
man to be _! pa/or4      ,que/4 ,,liv4  
,:]e9 do? a p>ticul> *ur* ( ,*ri/'s     
in/itution  diff] f a consociation ( _m 
*ur*es8    ,answ4 #a4 ,9 t su* p>ticul> 
*ur* is a company ( *ri/ians  associat$ 
= p]sonal imm$iate communion 9 ,god's   
wor%ip & 9  holy liv+2 :]eas            
consociations ( *ur*es are comb9$ =     
m$iate di/9ct communion1 or by          
delegates1 or repres5tatives 7z 9       
synods74#cjd    #b4 ,su* a p>ticul> *ur*

 is con/itut$ ( "o or m pa/ors )  ! p1  
(ficiat+ 9 ! sacr$ m9i/ry among !m1 9   
doctr9e1 wor%ip1 & discipl9e1 9 ord] to 
! said p]sonal  communion4 ,b a         
consociation ( *ur*es ha? no p>ticul>   
head z  su*1 ( div9e in/itution1 to     
con/itute & gov]n !m z "o4 ,9           
,ignatius's "t e p>ticul> *ur* 0        
*>act]iz$ or kn[n by  two m>ks ( unity3 
#a4 ,"o alt> 7t is1 "o place ( assembl+ 
=  holy communion74 #b4 ,"o bi%op ) !   
presbyt]s & deacons3 &  two alt>s & two 
bi%ops prov$ two *ur*es4    #c4 ,a      
p>ticul> *ur* "u "o bi%op or ! same     
pa/ors1 is a  political1 holy society2 b
 a comb9ation ( _m *ur*es  consociate1  
is n s1 b only1 #a4 ,ei!r a community   
agree+ to  live 9 concord1 z neighb\r   
k+doms may4 #b4 ,or else a human policy 
or society1 & n ( div9e imm$iate        
in/itution4 ,s t if ?is  consociation ( 
*ur*es be call$ a *ur*1 x mu/ be ei!r   
equivocally or 9 a human s5se4    #cjd  
,acts ii4 #a1 #bd1 #dd1 #df2 iv4 #cb2 v4
 #ab2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab1 #ac2 #a  ,cor4   

xiv4 #ai1 #bc1 #bd1 #bh1 #ce2 ,acts xiv4
 #bc2 ,titus i4 #e2 ,acts xi4 #bf2      
,james ii4 #b4      ,que/4 ,,lv4 ,:e!r a
 p>ticul> *ur* may consi/ ( m assemblies
  ?an "o8 or mu/ ne$s meet all 9 "o     
place8    ,answ4 #a4 ,! true di/+ui%+   
note ( a p>ticul> *ur* is1  t !y be     
associat$ = holy communion 9 wor%ip &   
holy liv+1  n by delegates1 nor di/antly
 only1 by own+ ! same fai?1 &  lov+ "o  
ano!r1 z we may d ) ^? at ! antipodes2 b
  p]sonally 9 pres5ce4    #b4 ,!re=e !y 
mu/ necess>ily be s ne>1 z to be capable
 (  p]sonal1 pres5t communion4#cje      
#c4 ,& x is mo/ conv5i5t t !y be no m   
?an c ord9>ily  meet 9 ! same assembly1 
at lea/ = sacram5tal communion4    #d4  
,b yet !y may meet 9 _m places or       
assemblies1 z *apels1 or  oratories1 or 
o!r subord9ate meet+s1 :i* are appo9t$  
to  supply ! necessity ( ! weak & ag$1 &
 !m t _c travel  f>4 ,& 9 times (       
p]secution1 :5 ! *ur* d>e n at all meet 
9 "o place1 !y may make up sev]al small]
 meet+s1 "u sev]al  pa/ors ( ! same     

*ur*4 ,b !y %\ld come all toge!r z (t  z
 !y c4    #e4 ,& x is to be consid]$ t  
all ! p]sons ( a family c  seldom g to !
 assembly at "o "t1 especially :5 !y    
live f>  (f4 ,!re=e if a *ur* place w\ld
 receive b t5 ?\s&1 yet  tw5ty ?\s&     
might be memb]s1 :ile half meet "o day &
 half  ano!r 7or ano!r "p ( ! day74     
#f4 ,two congregations di/9ctly         
associat$ = p]sonal wor%ip1 "u  di/9ct  
pa/ors1 or hav+ /at$ly 7z ,ignatius     
speake?7 two  bi%ops & two alt>s1 are   
two p>ticul> *ur*es1 & c no  o!rwise be 
"o *ur*1 ?an z t may be call$ "o :i* is 
a  consociation ( div]s4    #cje #a     
,cor4 xiv4 #ai1 #bc2 ,acts xi4 #bf1 c4 z
 be=e cit$4      ,que/4 ,,lvi4 ,is any  
=m ( *ur* gov]nm5t ( div9e in/itution8  
,answ4 ,yea3 !re are two ess5tially     
diff]5t policies or =ms (  *ur* gov]nm5t
 ( ,*ri/'s own in/itution1 nev] to be   
alt]$ by  man4 #a4 ,! =m ( ! univ]sal   
*ur*1 z head$ by ,*ri/ himself2  :i* all
 *ri/ians own z !y are *ri/ians 9 _!    
baptism4    #b4 ,p>ticul> *ur*es1 :i*   

are head$ by _! p>ticul> bi%ops  or     
pa/ors1 & are p>ts ( ! univ]sal1 z a    
troop is ( an army1  or a city ( a      
k+dom4    ,"h x is ( div9e in/itution1  
#a4 ,t !re be holy assemblies =  !      
public wor%ip ( ,god4    #b4 ,t ^!      
assemblies be societies1 con/itut$ ( ! p
 )  _! pa/ors1 :o are to !m z capta9s to
 _! troops "u !  g5]al1 or z mayors to  
cities "u ! k+4#cjf    #c4 ,t ^! pa/ors 
h ! p[] ( ! keys1 or ! special  guidance
 & gov]nance 7by ! ^w1 n by ! sword7 (  
_! own  p>ticul> *>ge1 9 ! matt]s (     
fai?1 wor%ip1 & holy liv+2  & t ! flocks
 obey !m4 ,& :5 all ?is is jure div9o1  
:y  %\ld any say1 t no =m ( gov]nm5t is 
jure div9o8    #c4 ,moreov] x is ( div9e
 appo9tm5t1 t ^! *ur*es hold !  ne>e/   
concord1 & help ea* o!r z mu* z !y c2   
:e!r by  synods1 or o!r meet ways (     
correspond5cy4 ,& ?\gh ?is be n a       
di/9ct gov]nm5t1 x is a di/9ct mode (   
gov]n+4    ,object4 ,b t !re be pa/ors )
 fix$ *ur*es or assemblies  is n ( ! law
 ( nature4    ,answ4 #a4 ,ha? ,*ri/ no  

law b ! law ( nature8 ,:]e9 !n  diff] ! 
*ri/ian religion & ! hea!ni%8 #b4       
,suppose b  ,*ri/ to be ,*ri/1 & man to 
be :at he is1 & nature itself w  tell u 
t ?is is ! fitte/ way = ord]+ ! wor%ip (
 ,god4  ,= nature sai?1 ,god mu/ be     
solemnly & ord9>ily wor%ipp$1 &  t      
qualifi$ p]sons %\ld be ! (ficial guides
 9 !  p]=mance1 & t p :o ne$ su* conduct
 & private  ov]sight besides1 %\ld :]e  
!y live h _! own /at$  ov]se]s4         
,object4 ,b p>ticul> congregations are n
 de prim>ia int5tione  div9a3 = if !    
:ole _w c\ld jo9 toge!r 9 ! public      
wor%ip ( ,god1 no d\bt t w\ld be prop]ly
 a *ur*4 ,b  p>ticul> congregations are 
only accid5tal1 9 ref]5ce to ,god's     
int5tion ( hav+ a *ur*1 because ( !     
impossibility ( all  m5's jo9+ toge!r = 
ord9ances1 c4    ,answ4 #a4 ,! "q ) me  
is n :e!r !y be ( prim>y  int5tion1 b   
:e!r /at$ *ur*es head$ ) _! prop]       
bi%ops or pa/ors be n ( ,god's          
in/itution 9 ! ,scripture8    #b4 ,?is  
objection confirme? x1 & n d5ie? x4 ,=1 

#a4 ,x  confesse? t !re is a necessity (
 jo9+ = ,god's wor%ip3 #b4  ,& an       
impossibility t all ! _w %\ld s jo93 #c4
 ,b if !  :ole _w c\ld s jo91 x w\ld be 
prop]ly a *ur*4 ,s t x  confesse? t to  
be a society jo9$ = ,god's public       
wor%ip1 is to  be prop]ly a *ur*4 ,& we 
confess all ?is3 if all ! _w c\ld  be "o
 family1 !y might h "o ma/]2 or "o      
k+dom1 !y might  h "o k+4 ,b :5 x is    
confess$1 t1 #a4 ,a natural             
impossibility ( a univ]sal assembly     
necessitate? m p>ticul>  assemblies2 #b4
 ,& t ,*ri/ ha? in/itut$ su* actually 9 
8  ^w1 :at m c a consid]ate man require8
    #c4 ,i d n und]/& ?is di/9ction1 de 
prim>ia int5tione  div9a1 & accid5tal1  
c4 ,! prim>y int5tion is prop]ly ( !    
ultimate end only3 & no man ?9ke? t a   
law de m$iis1 ( !  means1 is no law1 or 
t ,god ha? made no laws de m$iis3 =     
,*ri/ z a m$iator is a means4 ,b suppose
 x be limit$ to !  matt] ( *ur* laws2 if
 ?is be ! mean+ ( x1 t x is n  !        
pr9cipal means1 b a subord9ate means1 or

 t x is n  in/itut$ only propt] f9em    
ultimum1 no m ?an propt] se1  b also 9  
ord] to a high] ?+ z its imm$iate end1  
we make no  "q ( t4 ,assemblies are n   
only t !re may be  assemblies2 b = !    
wor%ip & (fices !re p]=m$3 & ^?  = man2 
& all = ,god4 ,b :at ( all ?is8 ,ha?    
,god made no laws  = subord9ate means8  
,no *ri/ian d5ie? x4    ,!re=e ! le>n$ &
 judici\s disput] ( ?is po9t decl>e?    
himself = :at ,i say1 :5 he sai?1 ,i    
engage n 9 !  controv]sy1 ,:e!r a       
p>ticul> congregation be ! fir/         
political  *ur* or no8 x suffice? = my  
purpose1 t !re are o!r  *ur*es          
besides4--,! ?+ 9 "q is1 ,:e!r !re be no
 o!r  *ur* b su* p>ticul> congregations8
 ,:]e x seeme? grant$  t su* p>ticul>   
*ur*es are ( div9e in/itution2 & = o!r  
*ur*es ,i %all say m anon4 ,9 ! mean "t 
note1 t !  "q is b de nom9e "h1 :e!r !  
"n *ur* be fit =  o!r societies1 & n de 
re4#cjg    ,b le/ any %\ld gr[ to !     
boldness to d5y t ,*ri/ ha?  in/itut$   
*ri/ian /at$ societies1 consi/+ ( pa/ors

 &  flocks1 associate = p]sonal         
communion 9 public wor%ip & holy  liv+2 
7:i* is my def9ition ( a p>ticul> *ur*1 
z n s  conf9$ to "o assembly1 b t x may 
be 9 div]s1 & yet n  consi/+ ( div]s su*
 di/9ct /at$ assemblies ) _!  di/9ct    
pa/ors1 nor ( su* z c h no p]sonal      
communion1 b  only by delegates27 ,i    
prove x ?us f ! ^w ( ,god4    7#a47 ,!  
apo/les 7 commission$ by ,*ri/ to deliv]
 8 comm&s  to all ! *ur*es1 & settle !m 
accord+ to 8 w1 ,john xx4  #ba2 ,matt4  
xxviii4 #ai1 #bj1 c4    7#b47 ,^!       
commission$ p]sons _h ! promise ( an    
infallible  ,_s = ! due p]=mance ( _!   
"w1 ,john xvi4 #ac-ae2 xv4 #bf2  xiv4   
#bf2 ,matt1 xxviii4 #bj4    7#c47 ,^!   
apo/les1 :]ev] ! success ( ! gospel     
prep>$ !m  mat]ials1 did settle *ri/ian 
/at$ societies1 consi/+ (  pa/ors or    
eld]s ) _! flocks1 associat$ = p]sonal  
communion  9 public wor%ip & holy liv+4 
,^! settl$ *ur*es !y gave  ord]s to = _!
 direction1 & pres]vation1 & re=mation3 
^! !y took ! *ief c>e ( !mselves1 &     

exhort$ _!  eld]s to fidelity 9 _! "w4  
,!y gave comm& t none %\ld  =sake su*   
assemblies2 & !y s fully describe !m1 z 
t !y  _c easily be misund]/ood4 ,all ?is
 is prov$1 ,acts xiv4 #bc2  ,titus i4   
#e2 ,rom4 xvi4 #a2 #a ,cor4 xi4 #ah1    
#bj1 #bb1 #bf2 xiv4 #d1 #e1 #ab1 #ai1   
#bc1 #bh1 #cc1 #cd2 ,col4 iv4 #af2 ,acts
 xi4 #bf2 xiii4 #a2 #a ,cor4 xvi4 #a1   
#b2  ,acts xiv4 #bg2 xv4 #c1 to omit _m 
m4 ,"h are pro(s en[ t su*  p>ticul>    
*ur*es 7 de facto settl$ by ! apo/les4  
,heb4 x4  #be1 ,=sake n ! assembl+ (    
y\rselves toge!r4 ,s ,james ii4  #b1 !y 
are call$ synagogues4    #b4 ,x is      
confess$ t !re is a natural necessity ( 
su* /at$  *ur*es or assemblies1 suppos+ 
b ! in/itution ( ! wor%ip  itself :i* is
 !re p]=m$2 & if s1 !n we may t ! law  (
 nature itself do? p>tly require !m4    
7#a47 ,x is ( ! law ( nature1 t ,god be 
publicly wor%ipp$1 z  mo/ expositors ( !
 f\r? comm&m5t d confess4    7#b47 ,x is
 ( ! law ( nature t ! p be taught to "k 
,god  & _! duty1 by su* z are able & fit

 to tea* !m4    7#c47 ,! law ( nature   
require?1 t man be+ a sociable creature1
  & conjunction work+ /ronge/           
affections1 we %\ld use our  sociabl5ess
 9 ! greate/ matt]s1 & by conjunction   
help ! zeal  ( our pray]s & praises (   
,god4    7#d47 ,god's in/itution (      
public prea*+1 pray] & praise1 are      
sc>ce d5i$ by any *ri/ians4    7#e7     
,none ( ^! c be publicly done b by      
assembl+4    7#f47 ,no assembly c       
suffice = ^! )\t a m9i/] ( ,*ri/2       
because x is only 8 (fice to be ! ord9>y
 tea*]1 & to g  be=e ! p 9 pray] &      
praise1 & to adm9i/] ! ,"l's  supp]1 :i*
 )\t a m9i/] may n be celebrat$1 because
  ,*ri/'s "p _c be o!rwise p]=m$1 ?an by
 "s "o 9 8  "n1 & by 8 w>rant to deliv] 
8 seal$ cov5ant to !  receiv]s1 & to    
inve/ !m visibly 9 ! b5efits ( x1 &     
receive !m t (f] !mselves 9 cov5ant to  
him4    7#g47 ,x is also a m9i/]ial duty
 to in/ruct ! p p]sonally1  & to wat*   
ov] !m at o!r times1 ,acts xx4 #bj1 #bh4
 ,& to be  examples ( ! flock1 #a ,pet4 

v4 #a-c4 ,to h ! rule ov] !  p1 & lab\r 
among !m1 & admoni% !m1 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab2
 ,heb4  xiii4 #g1 #ag2 #a ,tim4 v4 #ag4 
,to ex]cise holy discipl9e among !m1    
,titus iii4 #aj2 ,matt4 xviii4 #ag1 #ah2
 #a ,cor4 v4 ,to visit ! sick &  pray   
ov] !m1 ,james v4 #ad4 ,yea1 to take c>e
 ( ! poor4 ,see ,dr4  ,hammond on #a    
,cor4 xii4 #bh4 ,& all ?is _c possibly  
be well done  by unc]ta91 transi5t      
m9i/]s1 b only by a resid5t1 /at$       
pa/or1 no m ?an transi5t /rang]s c rule 
all our families1 or  all ! *ri/ian     
k+doms ( ! _w4    7#h47 ,& z ?is _c be  
done b by /at$ pa/ors1 s nei!r on       
transi5t p]sons ord9>ily2 = :o c tea* !m
 t are "h  to-day & gone to-morr[8 ,:5 !
 pa/or %\ld proce$ f day to  day 9 add+ 
"o in/ruction to ano!r1 ! he>]s w be    
gone1  & new ones 9 _! place4 ,& h[ c   
vigilancy & discipl9e be  ex]cis$ on su*
 transi5t p]sons1 ^: faults & cases w be
  unkn[n8 ,or h[ c !y mutually help ea* 
o!r8 ,& see+ mo/ 9  ! _w h fix$         
habitations1 if !y h n also fix$ *ur*   

relations1 !y mu/ leave _! habitations &
 w&]1 or else h  no *ur* communion at   
all4    7#i47 ,& z ?is necessity ( fix$ 
pa/ors & flocks is confess$1  s t su* de
 facto 7 ord9>ily settl$ by ! apo/les1  
is  be=e prov$1 if any ,scriptures may  
pass = pro(4    ,! in/itution &         
settlem5t !n ( p>ticul> wor%ipp+ *ur*es 
is out ( d\bt4 ,& s t two =ms ( *ur*    
gov]nm5t are jure  div9o1 ! univ]sal    
*ur* =m1 & ! p>ticul>4    ,sid5ote3     
,reasons = a l>g] episcopacy4    #d4    
,besides ?is1 9 ! apo/les' days !re 7 "u
 ,*ri/ 9 !  *ur* univ]sal1 _m g5]al     
(fic]s t _h ! c>e ( ga!r+  & ov]see+    
*ur*es up & d[n1 & 7 fix$ by /at$       
relation  unto none4 ,su* 7 ! apo/les1  
evangeli/s1 & _m ( _!  help]s 9 _! days4
 ,& mo/ *ri/ian *ur*es ?9k t ?\gh  !    
apo/olical extraord9>y gifts1           
privileges1 & (fices cease1  yet        
gov]nm5t be+ an ord9>y "p ( _! "w1 !    
same =m (  gov]nm5t :i* ,*ri/ & ! ,holy 
,gho/ did settle 9 ! fir/  age1 7 settl$
 = all foll[+ ages1 ?\gh n ) ! same     

extraord9>y gifts & adjuncts4 ,because1 
#a4 ,we read ( ! settl+  ( t =m1 7viz4  
g5]al (fic]s z well z p>ticul>17 b we   
nev] read ( any abolition1 dis*>ge1 or  
cessation ( !  in/itution4 #b4 ,because 
if we affirm a cessation )\t pro(1 we   
seem to accuse ,god ( mutability1 z     
settl+ "o =m ( gov]nm5t  = "o age only1 
& no long]4 #c4 ,& we leave room =      
audaci\s  wits accord+ly to "q o!r      
gospel in/itutions1 z pa/ors1           
sacram5ts1 c4 & to say t !y 7 b = "o    
age4 #d4 ,x 0  g5]al (fic]s t ,*ri/     
promis$ to be ) to ! end ( !  _w1 ,matt4
 xxviii4 #bj4    ,n[ ei!r ?is w hold    
true or n4 ,if n1 !n ?is g5]al  m9i/ry  
is to be numb]$ ) ! human additions to  
be next treat$  (4 ,if x d1 !n "h is    
ano!r "p ( ! =m ( gov]nm5t  prov$ to be 
( div9e in/itution4 ,i say n1 ano!r     
*ur*1 7= ,i  f9d no?+ call$ a *ur* 9 !  
,new ,te/am5t1 b ! univ]sal  *ur* & !   
p>ticul>17 b ano!r "p ( ! gov]nm5t ( bo?
  *ur*es1 univ]sal & p>ticul>2 because  
su* g5]al (fic]s are  s 9 ! univ]sal1 z 

to h a g5]al ov]sight ( ! p>ticul>2  z  
an army is head$ only by ! g5]al        
himself1 & a regim5t by  ! colonel1 & a 
troop by ! capta93 b ! g5]al (fic]s (  !
 army 7! lieut5ants-g5]al1 !            
majors-g5]al1 c47 are "u  ! "l-g5]al 9 &
 ov] ! army1 & h a g5]al ov]sight (  !  
p>ticul> bodies 7regim5ts & troops74 ,n[
 if ?is be !  in/itut$ =m ( ,*ri/'s *ur*
 gov]nm5t1 t he himself rule  absolutely
 z g5]al1 & t he ha? "s g5]al (fic]s "u 
him1 7n any "o hav+ a *>ge ( ! :ole1 b 9
 ! :ole  unfix$ly1 or z !y volunt>ily "p
 _! prov9ces17 & t ea*  p>ticul> *ur* h 
its own prop] pa/or1 7"o or m17 !n :o  c
 say1 t no =m ( *ur* gov]nm5t is ( div9e
 appo9tm5t or  comm&8    ,object4 ,b !  
"q is only :e!r any sole =m be ( ,god's 
comm&+8 ,& :e!r ano!r may n h z mu* said
 = x z  ?is8    ,answ4 ,ei!r y mean     
ano!r in/ead ( ?is1 z a competitor1 or1 
ano!r "p conjunct ) ^! p>ts4    #a4 ,if 
! fir/ be y\r s5se1 !n y h two works to 
d4 #a4 ,to  prove t ^! be=e m5tion$ 7   
mutable in/itutions1 or t  !y 7 settl$ b

 disjunctively ) "s o!r1 & t !  *oice 0 
left indiff]5t to m54 #b4 ,to prove !   
in/itution (  y\r o!r =m 7:i* y suppose 
left ) ?is to m5's free  *oice74    ,b  
,i h already prov$1 t bo? ! g5]al &     
p>ticul> *ur*  =m are settl$ =          
cont9uance z un*angeable ord9ances (    
,god4 ,i  suppose y d\bt n ( !          
cont9uance ( ,*ri/'s supremacy1 &  s ( !
 univ]sal =m3 & if y w prove t *ur*     
assemblies  ) _! pa/ors may cease1 & "s 
o!r way supply ! room1 y  mu/ be /range 
& s+ul> und]tak]s4 ,! o!r two p>ts ( !  
gov]nm5t 7by g5]al (fic]s1 & by         
consociation ( *ur*es7 are  m disput$2 b
 x is ! circum/ances ( ! la/ only t is  
controv]t$1 & n ! ?+2 & = ! o!r ,i %all 
n[ add  no?+ to :at ,i h said           
else:]e4#cjh    #b4 ,b if y only mean t 
ano!r "p ( ! =m may be jure  div9o z    
well z ?is1 t w b prove /ill t "s =m is 
jure div9o4    ,b1 #c4 ,if y mean t ,god
 hav+ in/itut$ ! =ms n[ prov$1  ha? left
 man at lib]ty to add m ( 8 own1 ,i %all
 n[ come to  exam9e t case also4    #cjf

 ,eph4 i4 #bb1 #bc2 v4 #be1 #bf1 c42 iv4
 #d-f1 #af2 ,heb4 x4 #be2 #a ,cor4      
xiv42 ,acts xiv4 #bc2 ,titus i4 #e2 #a  
,tim4 v4 #ag2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ab1 #ac2 #a  
,tim4 iii4 #c-f2 #a ,pet4 v4 #a-c2 ,acts
 xx4 #bh2 ,phil4 i4 #a1 #b4    #cjg ,dr4
 ,/ill+fleet's ,ir54 p4 #aed4 s p4 #agc4
 ,by *ur* "h ,i  mean n a p>ticul>      
congregation1 c4 ,s he grante? t1 #a4 ,!
  univ]sal *ur*1 #b4 ,p>ticul>          
congregations1 are ( div9e  in/itution2 
"o ex int5tione prim>ia1 & ! o!r1 z he  
calls  x1 accid5tally1 b yet ( natural  
necessity4    #cjh ,disput4 ( ,*ur*     
,gov4 disp4 #c4      ,que/4 ,,lvii4     
,:e!r any =ms ( *ur*es1 & *ur* gov]nm5t1
 or  any new *ur* (fic]s1 may lawfully  
be inv5t$ & made by man8    ,answ4 ,to  
remove ambiguities1 #a4 ,by ! ^w =ms may
 be meant  ei!r t relative =m ( su*     
aggregate bodies :i* is _!  ess5ce1 &   
d5om9ate? !m ess5tially2 or only "s     
accid5tal  mode :i* d5om9ate? !m b      
accid5tally4    #b4 ,by *ur*es is meant 
ei!r holy societies relat$ by !         

f\ndation ( a div9e in/itution2 or else 
societies relat$ by  accid5t1 or by     
human contract only4    #c4 ,by *ur*    
gov]nm5t is meant1 ei!r t gov]nm5t      
=mally  ecclesia/ical1 :i* con/itute? a 
*ur*1 ( ,*ri/'s mak+2 or  else "s       
gov]nm5t ab\t ! matt]s ( ! *ur*1 :i* is 
=mally ei!r magi/ratical or human1 7by  
contract17 c4    #d4 ,s by *ur* (fic]s  
are meant1 ei!r su* z are acc\nt$       
ess5tial to a *ur* 9 ! pure *ri/ian     
s5se2 or integral at  lea/ 7z deacons72 
or else su* z are acc\nt$ b accid5tal to
  x1 & ess5tial only to ! human =m4 ,& s
 ,i answ]1    #a4 ,z !re are "s ?+s     
circa sacra1 or accid5ts ( ,god's       
special *ur* wor%ip1 :i* are left to    
human prud5ce to det]m9e  (1 s ! same   
human prud5ce may det]m9e :o %all d !m4 
,z1 e4  g4 ,:o %all repair ! build+s ( !
 *ur*2 ! w9d[s1 !  bells1 ! pulpits1 !  
tables1 c42 :o %all keep ! clock2 :o    
%all keep ! cups1 clo?s1 & o!r ut5sils2 
:o %all be !  port]1 ! keep] ( ! books1 
c42 :o %all call ! p to  *ur*1 or r+ !  

bells1 or give !m notice ( *ur*         
assemblies2  :o %all make ! bread = !   
sacram5t1 or provide w9e1 or br+  wat] =
 baptism2 :o %all make ! graves1 & bury 
! dead1 or  att5d m>riages1 or baptiz+s1
 c42 :o %all set ! tune ( !  psalm1 or  
use ! *ur* music 7if !re be any72 :o    
%all summon any  ( ! p on any j occasion
 to come to _! pa/ors2 or :o  %all      
summon ! pa/ors to any synod1 or lawful 
assembly1 & give  !m notice ( ! "t &    
place2 :5 !y are to meet1 :o %all be    
call$ fir/1 & :o second2 :o %all sit    
highe/1 & :o l[e/2  :o %all take !      
votes1 or mod]ate or guide !            
disputations ( !  assembly2 :o %all be !
 scribe1 & record :at is done2 :o %all  
s5d abroad _! agreem5ts1 & :o %all be ! 
*ur* mess5g] to  c>ry !m4 ,! ag5ts ( su*
 circum/antials maybe *os5 by !         
magi/rate1 or by ! *ur*es1 or pa/ors1 z 
is mo/ conv5i5t4  ,?\gh ,i d\bt n b 9 ! 
beg9n+ ! deacons 7 m]e s]vants  to !    
pa/ors1 to d z mu* ( su* circum/antial  
"w z !y  7 able2 ( :i* s]v+ at tables1 &

 look+ to ! poor1 &  c>ry+ bread & w9e  
to ! abs5t1 c4 7 b p>ts2 & all  w5t "u !
 "n ( m9i/]+ to ! pa/ors or *ur*es4 ,&  
!re=e !y seem to be su* an accid5tal    
(fice1 appo9t$ by !  apo/les1 on su*    
common reasons1 z magi/rates or *ur*es  
might  h appo9t$ !m1 if !y _h n4    #b4 
,if "o w call all or _m ( ^!1 *ur*      
(fic]s1 & ano!r  w n1 x is b a /rife    
ab\t names1 :i* "o w use m  l>gely & !  
o!r m n>r[ly or /rictly4    #c4 ,if     
magi/rates by au?ority1 or ! *ur*es by  
agreem5t1 %all  di/ribute ! c\ntry =    
conv5i5cy into p>i%es1 7n mak+ all  to  
be *ur* memb]s t dwell 9 ^? prec9cts1 b 
det]m9+  t all p]sons t are fit 9 ^?    
proximities1 & !y only1  %all be memb]s 
( t p>ticul> *ur*17 & !n %all d5om9ate  
! *ur* f ?is accid5t ( place1 x is b :at
 is left to  _! discretion4    #d4 ,& if
 ! said magi/rates or *ur*es %all divide
 a k+dom into  prov9ces1 & say1 t :]eas 
,god comm&e? u ! use (  correspond5cies1
 mutual advice1 & synods1 = ! due help1 
concord1 & communion ( *ur*es1 & all ?+s

 mu/ be done 9  ord] & to edification2  
!re=e we det]m9e t s _m *ur*es  %all    
make up su* a synod1 & ! *ur*es ( su* a 
di/rict %all  make up ano!r synod1 & s  
%all be specially relat$ to ea* o!r  =  
concord z advis]s1 all ?is is b ! prud5t
 det]m9+ (  *ur* circum/ances or        
accid5ts left to man4    #e4 ,& if !y   
%all appo9t t ei!r a magi/rate or "o    
pa/or  %all be = ord]'s sake ! appo9t] (
 ! times & places (  meet+1 or !        
presid5t ( ! synod1 to regulate & ord]  
proce$+s1 & keep peace1 z is a=esaid1 x 
is b an accid5t (  ! sacr$ "w :i* man   
may det]m9e (4 ,!re=e a layman may be   
su* a presid5t or regulator4    #f4 ,&  
if !y w call ?is man by ! "n ( a *ur*   
gov]nor1  :o do? b a common "p !re91 & f
 !nce w call ?is  association or prov9ce
 by ! "n ( a *ur*1 :i* is b a  company (
 *ur*es associat$ = concord & c\nsel1 ! 
"n  make? x n ano!r ?+ ?an x is )\t t   
"n2 & ! "n  may be lawful or unlawful z 
times & probable consequ5ts make x  fit 
or unfit z to use4    #g4 ,s mu* ( *ur* 

matt]s z is left to ! magi/rate's       
gov]nm5t1 may be "u mon>*y1 ari/ocracy1 
or democracy1 &  "u su* subord9ate      
(fic]s z ! supreme rul] %all appo9t4    
#h4 ,& if ! magi/rate w make assemblies 
or c\ncils ( pa/ors1  to be 8 c\ncils1 &
 require !m frequ5tly to meet to advise 
him  9 ! p]=mance ( 8 own tru/ & "w ab\t
 religion & !  *ur*1 he may accord+ly   
di/ribute !m into prov9ces = t  use1 or 
ord] su* circum/ances z he please4      
#i4 ,& if a prov9ce ( *ur*es be call$ "o
 *ur*1 because x is  "u "o magi/rate1 or
 a nation ( *ur*es call$ a national     
*ur*1 because x is "u "o k+1 or _m      
k+doms or an empire  call$ "o ca?olic   
*ur*1 because !y are all "u "o emp]or2 x
  mu/ be confess$ t ?is "q is b de      
nom9e1 & n de  re4    ,& fur!r1 #a4 ,t 9
 sacr$ ?+s t :i* is ( div9e &  prim>y   
in/itution is ! famosius analogatum1 & n
 t :i*  is b =m$ by man4 #b4 ,t :5 su*  
an ambigu\s ^w is us$  )\t explication  
or explicat+ circum/ances1 x is to be   
tak5  = ! famosius analogatum4 #c4 ,t 9 

?is case ! ^w *ur* or  *ur* =m is       
c]ta9ly ambigu\s & n univocal4 #d4 ,t a 
national1 imp]ial1 or prov9cial *ur* z  
head$ by a k+1 emp]or1  magi/rate1 or   
any head ( man's appo9tm5t1 is ano!r ?+ 
f a  *ur* ( ,*ri/'s in/itution2 & is b  
an accid5t or adjunct (  x3 & ! head ( !
 human =m1 if call$ ! head ( ! *ur*  (  
,*ri/1 is b an accid5tal head1 & n      
con/itutive4 ,& if  ,*ri/'s *ur*es be   
d5om9at$ f su* a head1 !y are  d5om9at$ 
b f an accid5t1 z a man may be d5om9at$ 
clo!d  or unclo!d1 clo!d gorge\sly or   
sordidly1 a neighb\r to ?is man  or t1  
c4 ,x is no =mal d5om9ation ( a *ur* 9 !
 fir/  acception1 z x signifie? !       
famosius analogatum2 ?\gh  o!rwise _m   
k9d ( societies may be call$ ecclesi or 
ctus3 b div9es %\ld n love confusion4   
#aj4 ,x seeme? to me t ! fir/           
di/ribution ( *ur*es 9 !  ,roman empire1
 into patri>*al1 primates1              
metropolitical1 prov9cial1  diocesan1 7 
only ! det]m9ation ( su* adjuncts or    
extr9sic  ?+s1 p>tly by ! emp]ors1 &    

p>tly by ! *ur*'s cons5t  ^u ! emp]or's 
p]mission2 & s t ^! new *ur*  gov]nm5ts 
7 p>tly magi/ratical1 or by p[] d]iv$ f 
!  emp]ors1 & p>tly m]e agreem5ts or    
contracts by degrees  deg5]at+ into     
gov]nm5ts2 & s ! new =ms & names are all
  b accid5tal1 ( adjuncts ( ! true      
*ri/ian *ur*es4 ,& ?\gh  ,i _c prove x  
unlawful to make su* adjunctive or      
extr9sic  con/itutions1 =ms1 & names1   
consid]+ ! matt] simply itself1  yet by 
accid5t ^! accid5ts h prov$ su* to !    
true *ur*es1  z ! accid5t ( sickness is 
to ! body1 & h be5 ! causes  ( !        
divisions1 w>s1 rebellions1 ru9s1 &     
confusions ( !  *ri/ian _w4 #a4 ,z !y h 
s]v$ ! covet\sness & ambition  ( c>nal  
m54 #b4 ,& h enabl$ !m to oppress       
simplicity &  s9c]ity4 #c4 ,& because   
pr9ces h n ex]cis$ _! own p[]  !mselves1
 nor committ$ x to lay (fic]s1 b to     
*ur*m54 #d4  ,:]eby ! extr9sic gov]nm5t 
ha? s deg5]at$1 & obscur$ !  intr9sic1 &
 be5 conf\nd$ ) x1 t bo? go+ "u !       
equivocal "n ( ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t1  

few *ur*es h _h !  happ9ess to see !m   
practically di/9ct4#cji ,nay1 few div9es
 d  cle>ly 9 _! controv]sy di/+ui% !m4  
7,?\gh ,m>silius  ,patav9us & "s few m h
 =m]ly giv5 !m v fair light1  yet ha? x 
be5 b sl5d]ly improv$47    #aa4 ,!re    
seeme? to me no readi] & direct] way1 to
 r$uce !  *ur*es to holy concord1 & true
 re=mation1 ?an = ! pr9ces  & magi/rates
 :o are ! extr9sic rul]s1 to re-assume  
_! own1  & to di/+ui% op5ly &           
practically betwe5 ! prop]ly  prie/ly or
 pa/oral intr9sic (fice1 & _! extr9sic  
"p1 &  to /rip ! pa/ors ( all t is n    
intr9sically _! own 7x  be+ en\gh = !m1 
& ?+s s het]og5e\s n well consi/+  9 "o 
p]son73 & !n :5 ! p "k :at is claim$ z f
  ! magi/rate only1 x w take (f mo/ ( _!
 scruples z to  subjection & cons5t4    
#ab4 ,no mortal man may abrogate or take
 d[n ! pa/oral (fice1 &  ! intr9sic1    
real p[] !re(1 & ! *ur* =m :i* is       
con/itut$ !reby2 see+ ,god ha? in/itut$ 
!m = p]petuity on  e>?4    #ac4 ,b :e!r 
"o *ur* %all h "o pa/or or _m is n at   

all  ( ! =m ( a p>ticul> *ur*2 b x is ( 
! integrity or  gradual p]fection ( su* 
*ur*es z ne$ _m1 to h _m1 & to  o!rs n  
s3 n t x is left m]ely to ! w ( man1 b x
  is to be v>i$ z natural necessity &   
cause require?4    #ad4 ,! nature ( !   
intr9sic (fice or p[] 7anon to be       
describ$7  is mo/ necess>y to be        
und]/ood z di/9ct f ! p[] (  magi/rates1
 by !m t w\ld truly und]/& ?is4 ,! numb]
 (  gov]nors 9 a civil /ate make t :i*  
is call$ a v>iety (  =ms ( commonweal?s1
 mon>*y1 ari/ocracy1 or democracy3      
because  comm&+ p[] is ! ?+ :i* is !re  
mo/ notably ex]cis$1  & prim>ily        
magnifi$4 ,& a wis] & bett] man1 yea1 a 
?\s&1  mu/ /& by z subjects1 = want (   
au?ority or true p[]2 :i*  c be b 9 "o  
supreme1 ei!r natural or political      
p]son2 because  x _c consi/ 9 ! ex]cise 
) self-contradiction4 ,if "o be  = w>1 &
 ano!r = peace1 c4 !re is no rule4      
,!re=e !  _m mu/ be "o collective or    
political p]son1 & mu/ cons5t or  g by !
 major vote1 or !y _c gov]n4 ,b t :i* is

 call$  gov]nm5t 9 prie/s or m9i/]s1 is 
( ano!r nature2 x is b a  second>y      
subs]vi5t bran* ( _! (fice3 ! fir/ p>ts 
are  tea*+ & guid+ ! p1 z _! prie/s1 to 
,god 9 public  wor%ip3 & !y gov]n !m by 
tea*+1 & 9 ord] to fur!r  tea*+ &       
wor%ipp+ ,god2 & t n by might1 b by     
reason &  love4 ,( :i* m anon4 ,!re=e if
 a sacr$ congregation be taught  &      
conduct$ 9 public wor%ip1 & s gov]n$ z  
conduce?  h]eunto1 :e!r by "o1 two1 or  
_m1 x no m alt]e? ! =m  ( ! *ur*1 ?an x 
do? ! =m ( a s*ool1 :5 a small "o  ha?  
"o s*oolma/]1 & a great "o f\r3 or ( an 
hospital1 :5 a  small "o ha? "o         
physician1 & a great "o _m2 see+ t      
tea*+ 9 ! "o1 & heal+ 9 ! o!r1 is ! ma9 
d5om9at+ "w1 to :i* gov]nm5t is b       
subs]vi5t 9 ! mo/  notable acts ( x4    
#ae4 ,no mortal man may take on him to  
make ano!r *ur*1 or ano!r  (fice = !    
*ur*1 z a div9e ?+1 on ! same gr\nds1 & 
(  ! same nature pret5d$ly z ,*ri/ ha?  
made ^? already made4  ,! case ( add+   
new *ur* (fic]s or =ms ( *ur*es1 is !   

same ) t ( mak+ new wor%ip ord9ances =  
,god1 &  accord+ly to be det]m9$ 7:i* ,i
 h l>gely op5$ 9 its  place74 ,accid5ts 
may be add$4 ,sub/antials ( l pret5d$   
nature  may n be add$2 because x is a   
usurp+ ( ,*ri/'s p[]1 )\t  d]ivation by 
any prov$ commission2 & an accus+ ( him1
 z hav+  done 8 own "w imp]fectly4      
#af4 ,inde$ no man c "h make a new *ur* 
(fic] ( ?is intr9sic  sort1 )\t mak+ him
 new "w1 :i* is to make new doctr9e1 or 
new wor%ip 7:i* are =bidd573 = to d     
,god's "w already made  belongs to !    
(fice already in/itut$4 ,if e k+ w make 
8  own (fic]s1 or au?orize ! great] to  
make ! less1 none mu/  presume to make  
,*ri/ (fic]s & *ur*es )\t 8 commission4 
#ag4 ,no man mu/ make any (fice1 *ur*1  
or ord9ance1 :i* is  corruptive or      
de/ructive1 or contr>y or injuri\s to ! 
(fices1  *ur*es1 & ord9ances :i* ,*ri/  
himself ha? made4 ,?is  ,bell>m9        
confesse?1 & !re=e ,i suppose prote/ants
 w n  d5y x4 ,^? human (fic]s :i* usurp 
! "w ( ,*ri/'s own  (fic]s1 & take x out

 ( _! h&s1 d malignantly fight aga9/    
,*ri/'s in/itutions3 & :ile !y pret5d t 
x is b  pres]v+ & n corrupt+ or oppos+  
additions :i* !y make1  & yet ) ^! words
 9 _! m\?s1 d ei!r give ,*ri/'s  (fic]s'
 "w to o!rs1 or h9d] & oppress 8 (fic]s 
!mselves1 & by _! new *ur* =ms und]m9e  
or op5ly de/roy  ! old1 by ?is          
expression ( _! enmity !y confute       
!mselves4    #ah4 ,?is ha? be5 ! unhappy
 case ( ! ,roman frame ( *ur*           
innovations1 z y may obs]ve 9 !         
p>ticul>s ( its deg5]acy4    7#a47      
,c\ncils 7 call$ g5]al or cum5ical 9    
respect to "o  empire only2 & !y !nce   
grew to ext5d ! "n to ! :ole  _w2 :5 !y 
may z well say1 t ,con/ant9e1 ,m>tian1  
c4 7  emp]ors ( ! :ole _w1 see+ by _!   
au?ority !y 7  call$4    7#b47 ,^!      
c\ncils at fir/ 7 ! emp]or's c\ncils    
call$ to  direct him :at to settle 9    
*ur* ord]s by 8 own p[]2 b !y  7 turn$  
to claim an impos+ au?ority ( _! own to 
comm& !  *ur*es z by commission f ,god4 
7#c47 ,^! c\ncils at fir/ 7 only =      

c\nsel1 or = agreem5t  by way ( contract
 or mutual cons5t to ! p>ticul> bi%ops2 
b  !y deg5]at$ into a =m ( gov]nm5t1 &  
claim$ a rul+ &  comm&+ p[]4    7#d47 ,!
 patri>*s1 primates & metropolitans1 at 
fir/ claim$ b  a p[] ab\t circum/antials
 extr9sical to ! pa/oral (fice1 su*  z  
is ! tim+ & plac+ ( c\ncils1 ! sitt+    
above o!rs1  c4 ,& ! ex]cise ( "s "p ( !
 magi/rate's p[] committ$  to !m1 t is1 
! depos+ ( o!r bi%ops or pa/ors f _!    
/ation ( su* lib]ty & c\nt5ance z !     
magi/rate may grant or  d5y z !re is    
cause4 ,b 9 "t !y deg5]at$ to claim !   
spiritual p[] ( ! keys1 ov] ! o!r       
bi%ops1 9 po9t (  ord9ation1            
excommunication1 absolution4    7#e47   
,^! patri>*s1 primates1 & metropolitans1
 at fir/ claim$  _! extr9sic p[] b f    
man1 t is1 ei!r ! cons5t &  agreem5t ( !
 *ur*es1 or ! grant ( ! emp]ors3 b 9 "t 
!y grew to claim x z ( div9e or         
apo/olical appo9tm5t1 & z  unalt]able4  
7#f47 ,at fir/ !y 7 tak5 only =         
adjuncts1 ornam5ts1 supports1  or       

conv5i5ces to ! *ur*es3 b aft]w>ds !y   
pret5d$ to be  integral p>ts ( ! *ur*   
univ]sal1 & at la/ ! pope w\ld  ne$s be 
an ess5tial "p2 & 8 c>d9als mu/ claim ! 
p[] (  ! *ur* univ]sal 9 be+ ! *oos]s ( 
a univ]sal head1 or a  k+ prie/ & tea*] 
= all ! *ri/ians ( ! _w4    7#g47 ,at   
fir/ laym5 7n[ call$ *ancellors1 c47 7  
only !  bi%ops' c\nsellors1 or (fic]s to
 ! magi/rate or !m1 9  p]=m+ !          
extr9sical "w ab\t *ur* adjuncts1 :i* a 
layman  might d3 b at la/ !y came to    
ex]cise ! intr9sic p[] ( !  keys 9      
excommunications & absolutions1 c4      
7#h47 ,at fir/ a numb] ( p>ticul> *ur*es
 consociat$ ) _!  sev]al bi%ops1 7 tak5 
to be a community or company ( true     
*ur*es prud5tially cantoniz$ or         
di/ribut$ & consociat$ =  concord2 b    
aft] !y grew to be e/eem$ prop]         
political  societies1 or *ur*es ( div9e 
appo9tm5t1 if n ! ecclesia  m9im1 hav+  
turn$ ! p>ticul> *ur*es into oratories  
or  *apels1 de/roy+ ,ignatius's "* ( "o 
*ur*1 ,to e  *ur* !re is "o alt>1 & "o  

bi%op ) 8 presbyt]s &  deacons4         
,abundance m su* in/ances may be giv54  
,object4 ,:]ev] we f9d ! notion ( a *ur*
 p>ticul>1 !re  mu/ be gov]nm5t 9 t     
*ur*2 & :y a national society           
incorporat$ into "o civil gov]nm5t1 jo9+
 into ! pr(ession  ( *ri/ianity1 & hav+ 
a "r !reby to p>ticipate ( gospel       
ord9ances1 9 ! conv5i5t di/ributions (  
!m 9 ! p>ticul>  congregations1 %\ld n  
be call$ a *ur*1 ,i confess ,i c see no 
reason4    ,answ4 #a4 ,"h obs]ve1 t ! "q
 is only ( ! "n1  7:e!r x may be call$ a
 *ur*17 & n ( ! ?+ 7:e!r all  ! *ur*es 9
 a k+dom may be "u "o k+1 :i* no sob]   
man  d5ie?74    #b4 ,names are at m5's  
disposal mu*2 b ,i confess ,i _h r !  "n
 _h be5 us$ no o!rwise1 or = no o!r     
societies1 ?an  ,scripture use? x4 ,my  
reasons are1 7#a47 ,because :5 ,*ri/ ha?
  appropriat$ or specially appli$ "o "n 
to ! sacr$ societies (  8 in/itution1 x 
seeme? some:at bold to make t "n common 
to  o!r societies4 7#b47 ,because x     
t5de? to confusion1 misund]/&+1  & to   

*]i% errors & controv]sies 9 ! *ur*es1  
:5 all  names %all be made common or    
ambigu\s1 & holy ?+s %all n be  all[$   
any "n prop] to !mselves1 nor any ?+ c  
be kn[n by a  b>e "n )\t a description4 
,if ! "n ( ,*ri/ himself %\ld  be us$ ( 
e ano9t$ k+1 x w\ld seem n a little ?us 
injuri\s to him4 ,if ! "n1 ,bible1      
,scripture1 prea*]s1 c4 be  made common 
to all t ! notation ( ! names may ext5d 
to1 x  w introduce ! a=esaid            
inconv5i5ces2 s h[ %all we 9 common     
talk di/+ui% betwe5 sacr$ societies (   
div9e in/itution & (  human if y w all[ 
u no peculi> "n1 b make t common  :i*   
,*ri/ ha? *os58    #c4 ,& t ! "n is "h  
us$ equivocally is manife/4 ,= !  body  
political is in=m$ & d5om9at$ f ! p>s   
imp]ans1  ! gov]n+ "p or head3 !re=e z a
 head ( div9e in/itution1  au?oriz$ = ! 
spiritual or pa/oral "w1 d5om9ate? !    
society accord+ly2 s a civil head c make
 b a civil society1 &  a head ( man's   
mak+1 b a human society4 ,x is c]ta9 t  
,*ri/  ha? appo9t$ ! episcopal or       

pa/oral (fice1 & _! "w1 &  consequ5tly  
episcopal or pa/oral *ur*es2 & x is     
c]ta9 t a  k+ is no con/itutive "p ( "o 
( ^! *ur*es1 b accid5tal2  & !re=e t he 
is an accid5tal head to a pa/oral *ur* z
  su*1 to :i* ! pa/or is ess5tial4      
,!re=e if y w ne$s call bo? ^! societies
 *ur*es1 y  mu/ di/+ui% !m into pa/oral 
*ur*es1 & regal *ur*es1 or  magi/ratical
 *ur*es2 = ! ^w national1 notifie? n !  
gov]nm5t :i* is ! con/itutive "p2 & may 
be us$ (  consociat$ *ur*es1 ?\gh "u _m 
civil gov]nors 7z 9 !  ,saxon ,hept>*y74
    ,s t our "q is mu* l ?is1 ,:e!r all 
! gramm>  s*ools 9 ,engl& z "u "o k+ may
 be call$ "o national  s*ool8 ,answ4 ,n 
)\t unfitness1 & inconv5i5ces2 b r  ?an 
bre$ any qu>rel1 !y may call !m s t     
please3 b1 #a4  ,!y mu/ confess t a     
p>ticul> s*ool is ! famosius            
significatum4 #b4 ,t ! k+ is k+ (       
s*ools1 b n a  s*oolma/]1 nor a         
con/itutive "p ( a s*ool4 #c4 ,t if y w 
ne$s d5om9ate !m f ! reg5t "p1 z "o1 y  
mu/ call !m  all "o royal s*ool1 if y w 

leave ! well-kn[n s5se ( words  = su*   
unc\? phrases4 ,b give u leave to call !
 body :i* is  ess5tiat$ by a k+1 by ! "n
 ( a k+dom only1 ?\gh x h  9 x _m       
s*ools1 academies1 colleges1 cities1    
*ur*es1 :i* !y  t please may call all "o
 royal s*ool1 academy1 college1 city1 & 
*ur*1 if !y love confusion4    #d4      
,*ri/ianity give? m5 "r to communion 9  
p>ticul> *ur*es1  :5 !y also make kn[n  
_! *ri/ianity to ! bi%ops ( ^?  *ur*es1 
& are receiv$ 7z /at$ or transi5t7      
memb]s by mutual  cons5t2 b n o!rwise2  
nor do? m]e regal gov]nm5t give any     
subject "r to *ur* communion1 except by 
a *ur* y mean a  k+dom4    ,object4 ,a  
p>ticul> *ur* !n ,i w\ld describe ?us1  
,x is a  society ( m5 jo9$ toge!r 9 !   
visible pr(ession ( ! true  fai?1 hav+ a
 "r to1 & enjoy+ among !m1 ! ord9ances (
  ! gospel4    ,answ4 #a4 ,:5 y tell u  
by y\r description :at y w mean by  a   
p>ticul> *ur*1 we may und]/& y\r        
d5om9ation2 b yet  :ile x is unusual1 y 
mu/ n expect t o!r m5 s use !  ^w4 ,_h y

 call$ y\r description a def9ition1 ,i  
w\ld h ask$  y1 #a4 ,:e!r by a society1 
y mean n /rictly a political  society   
con/itut$ by a p>s gub]nans1 et         
gub]nata8 ,if n1 x is  no *ur* save     
equivocally4 ,if s1 %\ld n ! p>s reg5s  
:i*  is con/itutive h be5 put 98 ,if    
private m5 jo9 toge!r1 c4 x  makes b a  
community4 #b4 ,a "r to gospel ord9ances
 is suppos$1  b ne$ n be 9 ! def9ition4 
#c4 ,! enjoy+ ( !m1 is n  ess5tial to a 
*ur*4 ,! relation may cont9ue1 :5 !     
enjoym5t  is a long "t h9d]$4 #d4 ,among
 !m is a v ambigu\s ^w2 is x  among !m 9
 ! same place2 or 9 ! same c\ntry or    
k+dom2 or 9  ! same _w8 ,if y diff]5ce &
 def9e !m n1 by relation to  ! same     
bi%ops or pa/ors1 & by int5d$ p]sonal   
holy communion1  y\r description        
conf\nde? ! univ]sal *ur*1 z well z !   
national1 ) a p>ticul> *ur*2 = ! :ole   
*ri/ian _w1 is  a society ( m5 jo9+     
toge!r 9 ! visible pr(ession ( !  true  
fai?1 hav+ a "r to1 & enjoy+ among !m1 !
 ord9ances  ( ! gospel4    ,object4 ,a  

nation jo9+ 9 ! pr(ession ( *ri/ianity  
is a true  *ur* ( ,god2 :5ce x evid5tly 
foll[e?1 t !re mu/ be a  =m (           
ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t ov] a nation z a 
*ur*1 z well  z ( civil gov]nm5t ov] x1 
z a society gov]n$ by ! same  laws4--,= 
e society mu/ h its gov]nm5t belong+ to 
x z  su* a society2 & ! same reason t   
makes gov]nm5t necess>y 9  any p>ticul> 
congregation1 w make x necess>y = all ! 
p>ticul> congregations1 jo9+ toge!r 9 "o
 visible society1 z  a p>ticul> national
 *ur*1 = ! unity & peace ( t *ur*  ought
 mu* m to be look$ aft] ?an any "o      
p>ticul>  congregation1 c4    ,answ4 #a4
 ,f "o absurdity _m foll[3 our          
controv]sy be=e 0  b ( ! "n3 if an      
accid5tal royal or civil head may       
equivocally  d5om9ate an ecclesia/ical  
society1 & we grant y ! use ( an        
equivocal "n1 7or r ! abuse17 y w gr[   
too h>d ^u u1  if !nce y w ga!r a       
necessity ( a real ecclesia/ical policy1
  besides ! civil4 ,names abus$ inf] n !
 ?+s signifi$ by an  univocal t]m4      

#b4 ,y mu/ fir/ prove ! =m ( gov]nm5t1 &
 !nce inf] !  d5om9ation1 & n1          
contr>ily1 fir/ beg ! "n1 & !n inf]  !  
gov]nm5t4    #c4 ,if yet by a =m (      
ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t1 y meant no?+  b 
! k+'s extr9sic gov]nm5t1 :i* y may z   
well call also a  =m ( s*ool gov]nm5t1 (
 college gov]nm5t1 c4 we w\ld grant  y  
all4 ,b if ,i c und]/& y1 y n[ speak (  
ecclesia/ical  gov]nm5t z di/9ct f t4 ,&
 !n1    #d4 ,y are n[ gr[n up f a may   
be1 to a mu/ be1 & necessity2  & a      
great] necessity ( "o national          
ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t1  ?an ( a        
p>ticul> *ur* gov]nm5t2 :i* be+         
und5iably (  ,*ri/'s in/itution1 7by !  
,holy ,gho/ 9 ! apo/les17 y d n  make   
all =ms to be indiff]5t1 or d5y ?is to  
be jure div9o4  ,:at6 necess>y & m      
necess>y ?an t :i* is jure div9o1  & yet
 indiff]5t & n jure div9o8 ,if y say1 ,x
 is necess>y  only on supposition t !re 
be a national *ur*3 ,i answ]1 ,b  y\r   
reasons evid5tly inf] t x is also       
necess>y t !re be  su* a national *ur*  

:]e x may be _h2 ?\gh y d5y !  necessity
 ( mon>*ical gov]nm5t by "o high prie/ 9
 x4 ,b ,i  "k y call n ?is a =m (       
gov]nm5t1 unless z det]m9ately  manag$  
by "o1 _m or mo/4 ,b :y a national      
spiritual policy z  di/9ct f            
congregational1 may n be call$ a =m (   
gov]nm5t1  z well z "o man is di/9ct f  
two1 ov] ! same p1 ,i see  n3 b ?is is  
at y\r lib]ty4 ,b y\r necessity ( su* a 
national regim5 is a matt] ( great]     
mom5t4    ,9 ^! ?ree s5ses ,i confess a 
national *ur*4 #a4 ,z all !  *ri/ians 9 
a nation are "u "o civil *ur* gov]nor4  
#b4 ,z !y  are consociat$ = concord1 &  
meet 9 synods or hold  correspond5ces4  
#c4 ,z !y are all a "p ( ! univ]sal     
*ur*1  cohabit+ 9 "o nation4 ,b all ^!  
are equivocal uses ( ! ^w  *ur*2 !      
d5om9ation be+ tak5 9 ! fir/ f an       
accid5t2 9  ! second ! "n ( a policy be+
 giv5 to a community agree+  = concord2 
9 ! ?ird ! "n ( ! :ole is giv5 to a     
small  integral "p4    ,b ! necessity ( 
any o!r *ur*1 head$ by y\r              

ecclesia/ical1  national gov]nor1       
p]sonal or collective1 mon>*ical1       
ari/ocratical1 or democratical1 ,i      
utt]ly d5y1 & f9d n a ^w  ( pro( :i* ,i 
?9k ,i h any ne$ to furni% ! read] ) an 
answ] to4    #e4 ,& y\r judgm5t 9 ?is is
 d[nright aga9/ ! con/itution1  canons1 
& judgm5t ( ! national *ur* ( ,engl&2 = 
t !y  use ! ^w 9 ! s5ses all[$ by me1 & 
n 9 y\rs1 is prov$1  7#a47 ,f ! visible 
con/itution1 9 :i* !re is 7besides !    
k+7 no di/9ct ecclesia/ical head4 ,= !  
ar*bi%op (  ,cant]bury is n ! prop]     
gov]nor ( ! ar*bi%op ( ,york &  8       
prov9ce4    7#b47 ,f ! canons4 ,c4      
cxxxix4 ,a national synod is ! *ur*     
repres5tative2 :osoev] %all affirm t !  
sacr$ synod ( ?is  nation1 9 ! "n (     
,*ri/ & by ! k+'s au?ority assembl$1  is
 n ! true *ur* ( ,engl& by              
repres5tation1 let him be               
excommunicat$1 c4 ,s t ! synod is b !   
repres5tative  *ur*2 & !re=e n !        
political head ( ! *ur*3 :e!r x  be !   
laity1 or ! :ole cl]gy1 or bo?1 :i* !y  

repres5t1  repres5tation ( ^? t are no  
national head1 make? !m n a  national   
head4    7#c47 ,f ! ord9>y judgm5t (    
episcopal div9es1 7ma9ta9$ by  ,bi%op   
,bilson & _m o!rs at l>ge1 aga9/ !      
papi/s17 t all  bi%ops jure div9o are   
equal & indep5d5t1 fur!r ?an human      
laws1 or agreem5ts1 or diff]5ce ( gifts 
may diff]5ce !m1 or z  !y are b\nd to   
consociation = concord4    #f4 ,h[ %all 
,i d5y n only ! lawfulness1 b !         
necessity ( su*  a papacy z really 0 9 !
 ,roman empire1 on y\r gr\nds8 ,i h     
prov$ aga9/ ,w4 ,johnson t ! pope 0 !n  
actually b ! head  ( ! imp]ial *ur*es1 &
 n ( all ! _w4 ,& if !re mu/  be "o     
national ecclesia/ical head "u "o k+1 :y
 n "o also  9 "o empire8 ,or :e!r x be  
"o mon>*1 or a collective p]son1  x is  
/ill "o political p]son :i* is n[ 9 "q4 
7,ei!r a  rul+ pope1 or a rul+          
ari/ocracy or democracy1 :i* is n !     
great matt] 9 controv]sy47    #g4 ,& :y 
w n ! same argum5t c>ry x also1 = "o    
univ]sal  visible head ( all ! *ur*es 9 

! _w8 at lea/ z lawful8 at  lea/ z f> z 
human capacity & conv]se w all[8 ,& :o  
%all  *oose ?is univ]sal head8 ,& :o c  
lay s fair a claim to x z  ! pope8 ,& if
 ! =m be indiff]5t1 :y may n ! *ur*es1  
by  cons5t at lea/1 set up "o man z well
 z _m8 ,:e!r y c>ry x  to an imp]ial    
*ur*1 or a papal1 to a patri>*al1 or    
prov9cial1 or  national1 till y h prov$ 
x to be ( div9e in/itution1 7&  p>ticul>
 *ur*es to be unnecess>y1 alt]able1 & ( 
human  in/itution17 ,i %all nev] grant y
 t x is to be pref]r$  be=e t :i* is    
unque/ionably ( ,god4 ,= ?\gh ,i easily 
grant  t all ! *ur*es ( a nation1       
empire1 or ! _w1 are to be  m e/eem$ &  
c>efully pres]v$1 ?an "o bi%op's or     
pa/or's  p>ticul> *ur*2 yet ,i w n grant
 y t y\r human policy is  m necess>y to 
! safety ( all ^! *ur*es ?an ! div9e4   
,= ! safety ( ^! *ur*es may be bett]    
pres]v$ by ,god's  ?ree great means1    
7#a4 ,! polity ( p>ticul> *ur*es ) !    
conduct ( _! pres5t fai?ful bi%ops or   
pa/ors4 #b4 ,! lov+  consociation (     

neighb\r *ur*es = concord4 #c4 ,!       
protection &  c\nt5ance ( magi/rates17  
)\t any new *ur* =m1 7or  national1 or  
imp]ial1 or univ]sal pa/or17 ?an ) x4   
,nay1 :5 t sort ( usurpation ha? be5 ! v
 eng9e (  divid+1 corrupt+1 & undo+ !   
*ri/ian *ur*es above a  ?\s& ye>s1 we   
are n easily p]suad$ n[1 t x is yet ei!r
  necess>y or desirable4    #h4 ,b ! be/
 & easie/ way to disc]n h[ f> ! mak+ new
  *ur*es or *ur* (fices is lawful or    
unlawful1 is by try+ x by  ! quality (  
_! (fice "w4 ,= x is ! "w :i* give? u  !
 description ( ! (fice2 & ! (fice ( !   
rul+ "p1  :i* give? u ! def9ition ( !   
*ur*1 :i* t (fice  con/itute?4    ,! "w 
:i* ! new human (fic] is to d1 is ei!r1 
#a4 ,! same  :i* ,god ha? already       
appo9t$ bi%ops or pa/ors to d1 or at    
lea/  ! unfix$ m9i/]s 9 ! univ]sal *ur*4
 #b4 ,or x is su* z he  ha? appo9t$     
magi/rates to d4 #c4 ,or x is su* z     
belonge? to  private & laym54 #d4 ,or x 
is some:at diff]5t f all ^!4    #a4 ,if 
x be ( ! fir/ sort1 x is a              

contradiction4 ,= m5 t are  by (fice    
appo9t$ to d ! same "w :i* m9i/]s are   
already  appo9t$ to d1 are n a new      
(fice1 b m9i/]s inde$1 su* z  ,*ri/ ha? 
in/itut$3 = ! (fice is no?+ b an        
obligation  & au?ority to d ! "w4    #b4
 ,if x be ! same "w :i* belonge? to !   
magi/rate1 !n x  is no new (fice1 = !y  
are magi/rates4    #c4 ,if x be t :i*   
belonge? to private m51 by ,god's       
appo9tm5t1  !y _c disoblige !mselves by 
transf]r+ x to a new (fic]4    #d4 ,if x
 be none ( all ^!1 :at is x8 ,i d\bt x  
may prove "s  ne$less or r s9ful "w1 :i*
 ,god committ$ to none ( ^!  ?ree sorts1
 & !re=e unfit to make a *ur* (fice (4  
,unless x  be su* z ,i be=e describ$ &  
grant$4 7#a47 ,i confess t !  magi/rate 
may make new inf]ior (fic]s1 to d 8 own 
"p 7z  *ur* ju/ices1 *ur*w>d5s1 c47     
7#b47 ,i grant t ! p may  make an (fice 
= ! bett] do+ ( "s p>ts ( _! own "w3  !y
 may make collectors1 door-keep]s1      
arti/s by (fice1 to keep !  clock1 &    
bells1 & *ur* build+s1 c4 if !          

magi/rates leave  x to !m4    7#c47 ,i  
grant t ! bi%ops or pa/ors may d "s     
circum/ances (  _! "w by human (fic]s2 z
 to facilitate _! concord 9  synods1 by 
*oos+ "o to preside1 to *oose "t &      
place1 to s5d  mess5g]s to take votes1  
to mod]ate disputes1 to record          
agreem5ts1  c4 z a=esaid2 & ^!          
circum/antials are ! ?+s t  (fic]s may  
be made =4    ,b ! v modes &            
circum/ances :i* are "p ( ! "w to  :i* e
 bi%op or pa/or is oblig$1 he _c commit 
to ano!r2  z to *oose 8 text1 subject1  
me?od1 words1 c4 ,^! are p>ts (  8 own  
"w2 ?\gh concord 9 ^! is ! "w ( _m4     
,n[ :at is ! "w besides all ^! t we mu/ 
h new *ur*es  & (fices made =8 ,is x to 
gov]n all ^! bi%ops & *ur*es8  ,h[8 ,by 
! ^w or by ! sword8 ,if by ! sword1 !   
magi/rate is  to d x2 if by ! ^w1 7or   
spiritual au?ority17 ei!r ,god ha?  made
 su* an (fice z ar*bi%ops or g5]al      
bi%ops ov] _m1 or he  ha? n3 if he h1 we
 ne$ no new human (fice = x1 ,god hav+  
provid$ = x already2 if n1 b ,god ha?   

left all bi%ops  indep5d5t1 & to le>n ( 
"o ano!r1 z equal 9 (fice1 &  unequal   
only 9 gifts1 !n ei!r su* an (fice is   
fit &  necess>y1 or n4 ,if x be1 y      
accuse ,god ( omission 9 n  appo9t+ a   
bi%op ov] bi%ops z well z a bi%op ( !   
l[e/  ord]4 ,if n1 !n by :at reason or  
p[] w y make new ne$less  (fic]s 9 !    
*ur*8 :5 ,cyprian & 8 ,c>?age c\ncil s  
vehem5tly disclaim$ be+ ,episcopi       
,episcoporum8    #ai4 ,i w\ld fa9 "k    
:e!r ^? new-made *ur*es ( human & n  (  
div9e fabrication1 7:e!r univ]sal1 7or  
papal17 patri>*al1  prov9cial1 c47 7    
made by =m] *ur*es1 or by no *ur*es4 ,if
  by no *ur*es1 !n ei!r by o!r societies
 or by s+le p]sons3  if by o!r          
societies1 by :at p[] d !y make new     
*ur*es to  ,*ri/1 :o are !mselves no    
*ur*es8 ,if by s+le p]sons1 ei!r  !y are
 be=e *ur* memb]s1 or n2 if n1 h[ c ^?  
make new  *ur*es t be n s mu* z memb]s (
 *ur*es1 )\t a  commission f ,*ri/8 ,b  
if ei!r =m] *ur*es or _! memb]s  made ^!
 new *ur*es1 !n1 7#a47 ,x foll[e? t !re 

7  ano!r sort ( *ur*es be=e ^! new or   
human *ur*es4 ,& if  s1 ei!r ^? o!r t   
made ^! 7 !mselves made ( ,god or  n4 ,&
 s ! "q w run up till y br+ x ei!r to "s
  *ur* ( ,god's mak+ :i* made ^! o!r1 or
 "s p]son  commission$ to d x4 ,if y say
 ! fir/1 !n he t w confess  t !re is a  
species ( *ur*es ( ,*ri/'s in/itution1 &
 a  species n ( 8 in/itution1 mu/ pref] 
! =m]1 & mu/ well  prove ! p[] ( mak+ ! 
latt]4 ,& s !y mu/ d1 if !y say  t x 0  
done by p>ticul> p]sons t 7 no p>ticul> 
*ur*  memb]s4 ,= if ,*ri/ commission$ !m
 to settle any "o species (  *ur*es1 ^? 
are to be e/eem$ settl$ by ,*ri/4 7#b47 
,b if y  say t ,*ri/ left !m to v>y !   
species ( *ur*es z !y saw  cause1 & s on
 to ! end ( ! _w1 #a4 ,y mu/ well prove 
x4  #b4 ,x is be=e disprov$ 7unless y   
take ! ^w *ur*  equivocally74    #bj4   
,la/ly1 all *ri/ians are satisfi$ (     
,*ri/'s au?ority2 &  !re=e 9 t !y c     
agree3 b s !y are n ( any human  *ur*   
mak]'s au?ority2 & !re=e 9 t !re w nev] 
be an  agreem5t3 !re=e su* new *ur*es1 &

 ecclesia/ical  gov]nm5ts1 w be b 7z !y 
ev] h be57 ! eng9es (  division & ru9 9 
! *ur*es2 & ! species ( ,god's mak+1  ) 
! mutability ( mutable adjuncts &       
circum/ances1 w be/  pres]ve ! *ur*'s   
peace4    ,b if ! true nature ( pa/oral 
or ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t 7  well       
und]/ood1 x w\ld put an end to all ^!   
controv]sies4 ,:i*  may be mo/ly ga!r$ f
 :at is said be=e4 ,to :i* ,i w add  ?is
 little foll[+4    ,que/4 ,:]e9 consi/e?
 ! true nature ( pa/oral *ur*  gov]nm5t8
    ,answ4 #a4 ,n 9 any use ( ! sword1  
or corporal =ce4    #b4 ,n 9 a p[] to   
contradict ,god's ^w4    #c4 ,n 9 a p[] 
co-ord9ate ) ,*ri/'s1 to d 8 prop] "w1  
or  t :i* ha? ! same gr\nds1 reasons1 & 
nature4    #d4 ,n 9 an unque/ionable    
empire1 to comm& ?+s :i* none mu/       
presume to exam9e1 or judge ( by a      
disc]n+ judgm5t1 :e!r !y  be =bidd5 by  
,god or n4    #e4 ,n n[ 9 mak+ a new ^w 
( ,god1 or new articles ( fai?1 or  new 
univ]sal laws1 = ! :ole *ur*4    #f4 ,n 
9 any ?+ :i* d]ogates f ! true p[] (    

magi/rates1 or p>5ts1 or ma/]s4    ,b1  
#a4 ,x is a m9i/]ial p[]1 ( a mess5g] or
 s]vant1 :o ha?  a commission to deliv] 
8 ma/]'s comm&s & exhortations4#caj     
#b4 ,z x is ov] ! laity or flocks1 x is 
a p[] 9 ! sacr$  assemblies to tea* ! p 
by (fice1 & to be _! prie/s or  guides 9
 holy wor%ip2#caa & to rule ! wor%ip    
actions = !  "t1 l5g?1 me?od1 & ord]ly  
p]=mance ( !m4#cab    #c4 ,z to p>ticul>
 p]sons1 x is ! p[] ( ! *ur* keys1 :i*  
is1 #a4 ,to judge :o is meet to be by   
baptism tak5 into ! *ur*4 #b4  ,to      
reprove1 exhort1 & in/ruct ^? t by vice 
or ignorance1 9  ord] to rep5tance1 or  
k1 or confirmation1 d ne$ !  pa/oral    
help4#cac #c4 ,to judge :o is to be     
=bidd5 *ur*  communion z imp5it5t2 or at
 lea/1 ) :om t *ur* mu/ be  =bidd5 to   
communicate4 #d4 ,to judge :o is meet = 
absolution z a  p5it5t4 #e4 ,to deliv]  
m5 p]sonally a seal$ p>don f ,*ri/ 9  8 
two sacram5ts4 #f4 ,to visit ! sick1 &  
com=t ! sad1 &  resolve ! d\bt+1 & help 
! poor4 ,?is is ! true *ur*  gov]nm5t1  

:i* is l a philosoph]'s or s*oolma/]'s 9
 8  s*ool among volunte]s1 suppos+ !m to
 h no p[] ( ! rod or  viol5ce1 b only to
 take 9 or put out ( _! s*ools3 & :at   
ne$ is !re ( a univ]sal1 patri>*al1 or  
national head1 to d any  ( ?is "w1 :i*  
is b ! gov]nm5t ( a p]sonal tea*] &     
conductor2 & :i* worke? only on !       
consci5ce8    #d4 ,b besides ?is !re is 
a necessity ( agree+ 9 ! "r  managem5t (
 ?is "w2 :i* ne$e? no new head1 b only !
  consultations ( ! sev]al bi%ops or    
pa/ors1 & ! magi/rate's  civil rule1 or 
extr9sic episcopacy 7z ,con/ant9e call$ 
x74    #e4 ,& besides ?is !re is ne$ to 
orda9 pa/ors & bi%ops 9 !  *ur*4 ,& ?is 
is n done by any =ce nei!r2 b1 #a4 ,by  
judg+  :at m5 are fit2 #b4 ,by p]suad+ !
 p to cons5t & receive  !m2 &1 #c4 ,by  
inve/+ !m by a deliv]y ( possession by !
  imposition ( h&s4 ,n[ = all ?is1 !re  
ne$s no human species (  bi%ops or      
*ur*es to be made4    #f4 ,besides ?is  
!re is ne$ ( "s ov]sight ( ^! pa/ors &  
m9i/]s & fix$ bi%ops :5 !y are made2 & (

 "s g5]al  c>e ( pa/ors & p1 if !y      
decl9e to h]esies1 errors1  vices1 or   
lukew>mness3 b = ?is1 #a4 ,:5 magi/rates
 h done  _! "p2 #b4 ,& neighb\r m9i/]s  
to "o ano!r2 #c4 ,& !  consociat$ bi%ops
 to ! p>ticul> ones2 #d4 ,& unfix$      
m9i/]s  h done _! p>ts 9 ! places :]e   
occasionally !y come2 if  moreov] any   
g5]al pa/ors or ar*bi%ops are necess>y1 
to rebuke1  direct1 & p]suade ! bi%ops  
or _! flocks1 by mess5g]s1  epi/les1 or 
9 pres5ce1 no d\bt b ,god ha? appo9t$   
su* z !  successors ( ! apo/les1        
evangeli/s1 & o!r g5]al m9i/]s  ( ^?    
fir/ times4 ,b if no su* ?+ be appo9t$  
by ,*ri/1 we  may be sure x is n        
necess>y nor be/4    ,if x 7 b consid]$ 
t ! rul+ p[] 9 ! *ur* is s  insep>able f
 ! tea*+ p[]1 t x is ex]cis$ by tea*+  &
 only by ,god's ^w1 7ei!r g5]ally or    
p]sonally appli$17 &  t ^u none b ^? t  
will+ly & by cons5t receive x1 x  w\ld  
quiet ! _w ab\t ^! matt]s4 ,& oh t once 
magi/rates w\ld take ! sword :olly to   
!mselves1 & leave  *ur* p[] to "w only  

by its prop] /r5g? & virtue1 & !n  all  
?+s w\ld fall into jo9t aga92 ?\gh !    
,i?acians w\ld be  displeas$4    #cji   
,:i* tempte? ! ,era/ians to d5y & pull  
d[n bo?  toge!r1 because !y f9d "o 9 !  
pa/or's h&s :i* belonge?  to !          
magi/rate1 & we d n tea* !m to untwi/ & 
sep>ate  !m4    #caj #a ,cor4 iv4 #a1   
#b4    #caa #a ,pet4 v4 #a-c2 ,matt1    
xxviii4 #ai1 #bj4    #cab #a ,!ss4 v4   
#ab1 #ac4    #cac #b ,tim4 iv4 #a-c1 #e4
      ,que/4 ,,lviii4 ,:e!r any "p ( !  
prop] pa/oral or episcopal  p[] may be  
giv5 or deput$ to a layman1 or to "o (  
any o!r  (fice1 or ! prop] "w may be    
p]=m$ by su*8    ,answ4 #a4 ,su*        
extr9sical1 or circum/antial1 or        
accid5tal actions  z are a=e-m5tion$ may
 be done by deputies or o!rs 7z call+  !
 *ur* toge!r1 summon+ (f5d]s1 record+   
actions1 c47    #b4 ,! prop] episcopal  
or pa/oral "w or (fice _c be deput$1  9 
:ole or "p1 any o!r way ?an by          
communication1 :i* is1 by  ord9ation1 or
 mak+ ano!r to be ( ! same (fice4 ,= if 

x may  be done by a layman1 or "o t is n
 ( ! same ord] & (fice1  !n x is n to be
 call$ any prop] "p ( ! pa/oral or      
episcopal (fice3 if a layman may        
baptize1 or adm9i/] ! sacram5t  (       
,*ri/'s body & blood1 or may orda91 or  
excommunicate1  7ecclesia/ically17 or   
absolve1 m]ely because a bi%op au?orize?
 or  bidde? him1 !n1 #a4 ,:at ne$ ,*ri/ 
h made an (fice "w ( x1  & p]sons be    
devot$ & consecrat$ to x8    #b4 ,& :y  
may n ! p's election & ! k+'s commission
  s]ve to enable a layman to d x8 ,= if 
comm&+ only be prop] to  ! bi%op or     
pa/or1 & execut+ be common to laym51 x  
is c]ta9  t ! k+ may comm& all bi%ops & 
pa/ors to d _! (fice  "w2 & !re=e he may
 comm& a layman to d t :i* a bi%op  may 
comm& him to d4    #c4 ,& is x n a      
contradiction to say t a man is a layman
 or (  ano!r ord]1 :o is au?oriz$ by a  
bi%op to d a bi%op's "w or  (fice8 :5 z 
! (fice itself is no?+ 7z is (t said7 b 
an  obligation & au?ority to d ! "w4 ,if
 !re=e a bi%op  au?orize & oblige any   

o!r man to d ! prop] "w ( a bi%op  or   
pa/or1 7to orda91 to baptize1 to give ! 
sacram5t ( !  eu*>i/1 to excommunicate1 
to absolve1 c47 he !reby make? t  man a 
bi%op or a pa/or1 :atev] he call him4   
,object4 ,b do? n a bi%op prea* p]      
alios1 to all 8  diocess8 & give !m !   
sacram5ts p] alios1 c48    ,answ4 ,let n
 ! phrase be made ! controv]sy in/ead ( 
!  matt]4 ,^? o!r p]sons are ei!r m9i/]s
 ( ,*ri/1 or laym54  ,if laym51 _!      
actions are unlawful4 ,if m9i/]s1 !y are
  commission$ (fic]s ( ,*ri/ !mselves1 &
 x is ! "w (  _! own (fice :i* !y d1 & x
 is !y t %all h !  rew>d or puni%m5t4 ,b
 if prea*+ to all ^! *ur*es1 or  giv+ to
 all ^! p]sons 9 a ?\s& p>i%es !        
sacram5ts1 c4  7 ! bi%ops' or ar*bi%ops'
 "w1 t is1 :i* !y are  oblig$ to d1 !n  
!y w\ld s9 9 n do+ x4 ,b if !y are  !   
gov]nors only ( ^? t are oblig$ to d x1 
& are n  oblig$ to d x !mselves1 !n     
gov]n+ ! do]s ( x is only  _! "w2 &     
!re=e x is b equivocally said t ! "w is 
!irs1 :i* o!rs & n !y are oblig$ to d2 &

 t !y d  _! "w p] alios1 :5 !y d b gov]n
 ^? o!rs 9 do+  _! own "w4    ,( ?is    
read ! ,"l ,bacon's ,consid]ations1 &   
,grotius de ,imp]4  summ4 ,pote/4 circa 
,sacra1 :o s\ndly resolve ! case1 aga9/ 
do+ ! pa/oral "w p] alium4      ,que/4  
,,lix4 ,may a layman prea* or exp\nd !  
,scriptures8 ,or :at (  ?is is prop] to 
! pa/or's (fice8    ,answ4 #a4 ,no d\bt 
b !re is "s prea*+ or tea*+ &  exp\nd+  
:i* a layman may use4 ,s did ,orig52 s  
did ,con/ant9e2  s may a k+1 or judge on
 ! b5*2 s may a p>5t to 8 *ildr51  & a  
ma/] to 8 family1 & a s*oolma/] or tutor
 to 8  s*ol>s4    #b4 ,x is n any "o    
me?od or s]mon fa%ion :i* is prop] to a 
m9i/] & =bidd5 to a layman2 t me?od :i* 
is mo/ meet to  ! matt] & he>]s1 may be 
us$ by "o z well z by ! o!r4    #c4 ,x  
is n ! m]e publicness ( ! tea*+1 :i* mu/
 tell u  :at is unlawful = a layman4 ,= 
writ+ & pr9t+ are ! mo/  public ways (  
tea*+2 & ^! no man take? to be =bidd5 ! 
laity4 ,scalig]1 ,casaubon1 ,grotius1   
,erasmus1 ,con/ant9e1 ,k+ ,james1  ! ,"l

 ,bacon1 & abundance m laym51 h done !  
*ur* great  s]vice by _! writ+s4 ,&     
judges on ! b5* speak (t  !ologically to
 _m4    ,b t :i* is prop] to ! m9i/]s or
 pa/ors ( ! *ur* is1  #a4 ,to make a    
/at$ (fice ( x1 & to be sep>at$1 set    
ap>t1  devot$1 or consecrat$ &          
appropriat$ to ?is sacr$ "w2 & n  to d x
 occasionally only1 or sometimes1 or on 
! by2 b z _!  call+ & ! employm5t ( _!  
lives4    #b4 ,to d x z call$ &         
commission$ m9i/]s ( ,*ri/1 :o h a      
special nunciative & tea*+ au?ority     
committ$ to !m2 &  !re=e are 9 a special
 mann] to be he>d1 accord+ to _!        
special au?ority4    #c4 ,to be ! /at$  
tea*]s ( p>ticul> *ur*es1 z _! pa/ors  &
 guides 7?\gh !y may sometimes p]mit a  
layman :5 !re is  cause to tea* !m pro  
tempore74 ,^! ?ree are prop] to !       
m9i/]ial & pa/oral (fice4    ,b = !     
regulat+ ( laym5's tea*+1 #a4 ,!y mu/   
/at$ly  keep 9 _! families1 or )9 _!    
prop] b\nds4    #b4 ,!y mu/ n presume to
 g beyond _! abilities1 especially 9    

matt]s d>k & difficult4    #c4 ,!y mu/ n
 ?ru/ !mselves )\t a j call & ne$ into  
public or num]\s meet+s z tea*]s1 nor d 
t :i* sav\re?  ( pride or o/5tation1 or 
:i* t5de? to *]i% ^? vices 9  o!rs4     
#d4 ,!y mu/ n live or prea*1 z f "u !   
gov]nm5t ( !  *ur* pa/ors2 b be+ memb]s 
( _! flocks1 mu/ d all z  "u _! lawful  
ov]sight & guidance3 mu* less mu/ !y    
pr\dly  & s*ismatically set up !mselves 
aga9/ _! lawful pa/ors1 &  br+ !m into  
contempt to get !mselves reputation1 &  
to draw  away disciples aft] !m4#cad    
#e4 ,times & places mu/ be greatly      
di/+ui%$4 ,9 infidel or  grossly        
ignorant c\ntries1 :]e ?r\gh ! want (   
prea*]s !re  is a true necessity1 m5 may
 g mu* fur!r ?an 9 c\ntries :]e  tea*]s 
& k d ab\nd4    #cad ,acts xx4 #cj2     
,heb4 xiii4 #g1 #ag1 #bd2 #a ,!ss4 v4   
#ab1 #ac2 #a ,tim4 v4  #ag4      ,que/4 
,,lx4 ,:at is ! true s5se ( ! di/9ction 
( pa/oral  p[]1 9 =o int]iore et        
ext]iore1 rightly us$8    ,answ4 #a4 ,n 
z if ! pa/ors _h any p[] ( ! sword or   

outw>d  =ce1 or ( m5's bodies or e/ates 
imm$iately3 = all ! pa/oral  p[] is     
imm$iately on ! s\l1 & b second>ily on !
 body1 s  f> z ! p]suad$ s\l w move x4  
,reason & love1 & !  au?ority ( a       
mess5g] ( ,*ri/1 are all ! p[] by :i*   
bi%ops  or pa/ors z su* c "w1 9 =o      
int]iore vel ext]iore2 !y  rule ! body b
 by rul+ ! s\l4    #b4 ,b ! true use ( !
 di/9ction is only to s]ve in/ead ( !   
usual di/9ction ( public & p]sonal      
obligation4 ,x is "o ?+  to satisfy a   
man's private consci5ce ab\t 8 own      
p]sonal case or  matt]s2 & ano!r ?+ to  
oblige ! :ole *ur*1 or a p>ticul>       
p]son1 ( 8 duty z a memb] ( ! society to
 ! re/4 ,:5 !  pa/or absolve? a p5it5t  
p]son1 9 =o int]iore1 t is1 9  8 own    
consci5ce1 he deliv]e? him a dis*>ge 9 !
 "n (  ,*ri/ on condition he be truly   
p5it5t2 else n4 ,b 9 =o  ext]iore he    
actually & absolutely re/ore? him to 8  
visible  /ate ( *ur* communion4 ,! re/ (
 ! memb]s p]haps may ju/ly  ?9k ?is man 
unlike to prove a true p5it5t2 & !n 9 =o

  int]iore !y are n b\nd to believe him 
c]ta9ly p5it5t or  p>don$ by ,god2 b 9  
=o ext]iore t he is re/or$ to *ur*      
communion1 & t = ord]'s sake !y are b\nd
 to hold communion  ) him1 !y are b\nd  
7int]nally7 to believe4 ,s t x comes    
ne> ! s5se ( ! di/9ction ( ! secret     
judgm5t 7( ,god &  consci5ce7 & *ur*    
judgm5t4      ,que/4 ,,lxi4 ,9 :at s5se 
is x true t "s say1 t !  magi/rate only 
ha? ! ext]nal gov]nm5t ( ! *ur*1 & !    
pa/ors ! int]nal8    ,answ4 #a4 ,n z    
ext]nal & int]nal are oppos$ 9 ! nature 
(  ! action4 ,= ! voice ( ! pa/or 9     
prea*+ is ext]nal1 z  well z ! k+'s4    
#b4 ,n z !y are oppos$ 9 ! mann] (      
reception4 ,= ! e>s (  ! auditors are   
ext]nal recipi5ts f ! prea*] z well z f 
! k+4    #c4 ,n z di/+ui%+ ! p>ts t are 
to obey1 ! duties  comm&$1 & ! s9s      
=bidd51 z if ! k+ rul$ ! body only  & ! 
pa/or ! s\l4 ,= ! s\l is b\nd to obey ! 
k+1 or  else ! body c\ld n be b\nd to   
obey him2 unless by cords4 ,& !  body   
mu/ obey ! prea*] z well z ! s\l4       

,murd]1 drunk5ness1  swe>+1 ly+1 & su*  
o!r ext]nal vices1 are "u ! pa/or's  p[]
 to =bid 9 ,*ri/'s "n1 z well z ! k+'s4 
#d4 ,n z if all ! ext]nal p>ts or       
actions ( religion 7  exempt$ f !       
pa/or's p[]4 ,= prea*+1 pray+1 read+1   
sacram5ts1 *ur* assemblies1 are ext]nal 
p>ts ( religion1 &  "u ! pa/or's c>e4   
,b 9 two respects ! ext]nal p[] is only 
! k+'s or civil  magi/rate's4 #a4 ,z x  
is d5om9at$ f ! sword1 or mulcts1 or    
corporal p5alties1 :i* is ! ext]nal     
means ( execution2 ?\gh  9 ?is respect !
 di/9ction 7 f> m intelligibly express$ 
by1 ,! gov]nm5t by ! sword1 & by ! sacr$
 ^w4#cae    #b4 ,b ! pr9cipal s5se ( _! 
di/9ction is ! same )  ,con/ant9e's1 :o 
di/+ui%$ ( a bi%op )\t & )92 or (  our  
common di/9ction ( intr9sic & extr9sic  
gov]nm5t4 ,&  ?\gh int]nal & ext]nal h !
 same signification1 use make?  intr9sic
 & extr9sic m intelligible4 ,& by       
int]nal is meant  t p[] :i* intr9sically
 belonge? to ! pa/or's (fice z  in/itut$
 by ,*ri/2 & s is intr9sical to !       

pa/or%ip & !  *ur* 7z prea*+1 pray+1    
sacram5ts1 ! keys ( admission &         
exclusion1 ord9ation1 c474 ,& by ext]nal
 is meant1 t :i* is  extr9sical to !    
pa/or%ip & ! *ur*2 :i* pr9ces h         
sometimes grant$ !m1 b ,*ri/ ha? made no
 "p ( _! (fice4  ,9 ?is s5se ! ass]tion 
is good1 & cle>1 & necess>y2 t  !       
disposal ( all ?+s circa sacra1 all     
accid5ts &  circum/ances :atsoev]1 :i*  
by ,*ri/'s in/itution are n  intr9sical 
to ! pa/or%ip & *ur*1 b extr9sical1 d   
belong  to ! p[] ( k+s & magi/rates4    
#cae ,z ,bi%op ,bilson ( ,ob$4 use? /ill
 to di/+ui% !m2 )  _m o!rs4 ,see ,b4    
,c>lton ( ,jurisdiction4      ,que/4    
,,lxii4 ,is ! trial1 judgm5t1 or cons5t 
( ! laity  necess>y to ! admittance ( a 
memb] into ! univ]sal or  p>ticul> *ur*8
    ,answ4 #a4 ,x is ! pa/or's (fice to 
be> & ex]cise ! keys (  ,*ri/'s *ur*2   
!re=e by (fice he is to receive ^? t    
come  92 & consequ5tly to be ! tri] &   
judge ( _! fitness4    #b4 ,x belonge?  
to ! same (fice :i* is to baptize1 to   

judge :o  is to be baptiz$2 o!rwise     
m9i/]s %\ld n be rational judges  ( _!  
own actions1 b ! execution]s ( o!r m5's 
judgm5t4 ,x  is m ! judg+ :o is to be   
baptiz$1 :i* ! m9i/]'s (fice  consi/e?  
91 ?an 9 ! b>e do+ ( ! outw>d act (     
baptiz+4    #c4 ,he t mu/ be ! ord9>y   
judge 9 *ur* admissions1 is  suppos$ to 
h bo? ability & leisure to make him fit2
 &  au?ority & obligation to d ! "w4    
#d4 ,! ord9>y body ( ! laity h none (   
all ^! f\r  qualifications1 mu* less    
all4 #a4 ,!y are n ord9>ily able1 s to  
exam9e a man's fai? & resolution )      
judgm5t & skill1 z may  nei!r t5d to !  
wrong ( himself nor ( ! *ur*2 = x is    
great skill t is requir$ !reunto4 #b4   
,!y h n ord9>ily  leisure f _! prop]    
call+s & lab\rs1 to wait on su* a "w  z 
x mu/ be wait$ on1 especially 9 popul\s 
places4 #c4 ,!y are  n !re=e oblig$ to d
 t :i* !y _c be suppos$ to h  ability or
 leisure =4 #d4 ,& :]e !y h n ! o!r     
?ree1  !y c h no au?ority to d x4    #e4
 ,x is !re=e z great a crime = ! laity  

to usurp !  pa/or's (fice 9 ?is matt]1 z
 9 prea*+1 baptiz+1 or o!r  p>ts ( x4   
#f4 ,& ?\gh pride (t5 bl9d m5 7bo? p &  
pa/ors7 s z to  make !m ov]look ! burd5 
& look only at ! au?ority &  hon\r2 yet 
is x inde$ an intol]able injury to !    
laity1 if any  w\ld lay su* a burd5 on  
!m :i* !y _c be>1 &  consequ5tly1 w\ld  
make !m responsible = ! omissions or    
misdo+ ( x1 to ,*ri/ _! ,judge4    #g4  
,!re is n s mu* z any fair pret5ce = !  
laity hav+  p[] to judge :o %all be     
receiv$ into ! univ]sal *ur*2 =  :o ( ! 
laity %\ld h ?is p[]8 ,n all1 nor !     
major vote  ( ! *ur*2 = :o ev] s\ght !  
votes ( all ! *ri/ians 9  ! _w1 be=e he 
baptiz$ a man8 ,n any "o p>ticul> *ur*  
or  p]sons above ! re/2 = !y h no "r to 
%[ = x1 m  ?an ! re/4    #h4 ,x is n 9 !
 p[] ( ! laity to keep a man out ( _!   
own  p>ticul> *ur* communion1 :om !     
pa/or receive?2 because1 z is  said1 x  
is 8 (fice to judge & be> ! keys4    #i4
 ,!re=e1 if x be ill done1 & an unwor?y 
p]son be admitt$1  ! consci5ces ( ! p   

ne$ n accuse !mselves ( x1 or be        
di/urb$1 because x is none ( _!         
employm5t4    #aj4 ,yet ! lib]ty ( !    
*ur* or p1 mu/ be di/+ui%$  f _! gov]n+ 
p[]1 & _! execut+ duty1 f ! p[]  (      
judg+4 ,& s1 #a4 ,! p are to be guid$ by
 ! pa/ors z  volunte]s1 & n by viol5ce3 
& !re=e x is ! pa/or's  duty1 9 all     
d\btful cases1 to give ! p all necess>y 
satisfaction1 by giv+ !m ! reasons ( 8  
do+s1 t !y may  und]/&+ly & quietly obey
 & submit4 #b4 ,& 9 case ! p  disc]n any
 notable appe>ance ( dang]1 by introduc+
 h]etics &  grossly impi\s m5 to corrupt
 ! *ur*1 & by subv]t+ ! ord]  ( ,*ri/1  
!y may g to _! pa/ors to desire         
satisfaction 9 !  case4 #c4 ,& if by op5
 pro( or notoriety x be c]ta91 t by     
ignorance1 fraud1 or neglig5ce1 ! pa/ors
 ?us corrupt ! *ur*1  ! p may seek _!   
due rem$y f o!r pa/ors &  magi/rates4   
#d4 ,& !y may prote/ _! own diss5t f su*
  proce$+s4 #e4 ,& 9 case ( extremity1  
may ca/ (f h]etical1 &  impi\s1 &       
intol]able pa/ors1 & commit _! s\ls to !

  conduct ( fitt] m52 z ! *ur*es did    
aga9/ ! ,arian bi%ops1  & z ,cyprian    
decl>e? x 8 p's duty to d2 z is         
a=esaid4#caf    #caf ,john xx4 #ba-bc2  
xxi4 #ae-ag2 ,matt4 xxviii4 #ai1 #bj2 #a
 ,cor4 iv4 #a1  #ba2 ,tim4 v4 #ag2 ,heb4
 xiii4 #g1 #ag2 #a ,cor4 v4 #c-f1 #aa2  
#b ,!ss4 iii4 #f1  #aj1 #ad2 ,tit4 iii4 
#aj2 #b ,john2 ,m>k xiii4 #i1 #bc1 #cc2 
,m>k iv4 #bd2 ,matt1  vii4 #ae1 #af2    
xvi4 #f1 #aa1 #ab2 ,m>k xii4 #ch2 viii4 
#ae2 ,phil4 ii4 #b1 #c2  ,col4 ii4 #h2  
#a ,pet4 iii4 #ag2 ,matt4 xxiv4 #d4     
,que/4 ,,lxiii4 ,:at p[] h ! p 9 *ur*   
c5sures &  excommunication8    ,answ4   
,?is is "h adjo9$1 because x require? b 
little m  ?an ! =ego+ answ]4 #a4 ,z x is
 ! pa/or's (fice to judge  :o is to be  
receiv$1 s also to judge :o is to be    
exclud$4    #b4 ,b ! execution ( 8      
s5t5ce belonge? to ! p z well  z to     
himself4 ,x is !y t ei!r hold communion 
) ! p]son1  or avoid him4#cag    #c4    
,!re=e ?\gh ord9>ily !y mu/ acquiesce 9 
! pa/or's  judgm5t1 yet if he grossly   

(f5d aga9/ ! law ( ,god1 & w\ld  br+ !m1
 e4 g4 to communion ) h]etics & op5ly   
impi\s1 &  excommunicate ! or?odox &    
godly1 !y may seek _! rem$y z  be=e4    
#cag #a ,cor4 v4 #c1 #f1 #aa2 #b ,john2 
,tit4 iii4 #aj4      ,que/4 ,,lxiv4 ,:at
 is ! p's rem$y 9 case ( ! pa/or's      
mal-adm9i/ration8    ,answ4 ,?is also is
 "h annex$ = despat*1 z be+ almo/       
suffici5tly answ]$ already4    ,x mu/ be
 suppos$ t all *ur* disord]s &          
mal-adm9i/rations  _c be expect$ to be  
rem$i$2 b _m :ile we are s9n]s &        
imp]fect mu/ be borne4    #a4 ,! fir/   
rem$y is to speak submissively to !     
pa/or ( 8  faults1 & to say to          
,ar*ippus1 ,take he$ to ! m9i/ry :i* ?\ 
ha/ receiv$4#cah ,& if he he> n m       
privately1 = ! p  m op5ly to w>n &      
entreat him2 n z 8 gov]nors1 b z        
*ri/ians t h reason to reg>d ,*ri/'s    
int]e/ & _! own1  & h *>ity to desire 8 
re=mation4    #b4 ,! next rem$y is1 to  
consult ) ! neighb\r pa/ors ( o!r       
*ur*es1 t !y may admoni% him2 n z 8     

gov]nors1 b z  neighb\r pa/ors4#cai     
#c4 ,! next rem$y is to seek r$ress f ^?
 gov]nors t h  ! p[] to correct or ca/  
out ! intol]able4    #d4 ,! la/ rem$y is
 t ( ,cyprian1 to des]t su* intol]able  
pa/ors4    ,b 9 all ?is1 ! p mu/ be sure
 t !y proce$ n  pr\dly1 ignorantly1     
errone\sly1 passionately1 facti\sly1    
disord]ly1 or ra%ly4    #cah ,col4 iv4  
#ag4    #cai ,acts xv4      ,que/4      
,,lxv4 ,may "o be a pa/or or a memb] ( a
 p>ticul> *ur*1  :o live? s f> f x1 z to
 be uncapable ( p]sonal communion  ) !m8
    ,answ4 ,! "n is tak5 f ! relation2 &
 ! relation is  f\nd$ 9 capacity1 "r1 & 
obligation to actual communion1  duties1
 & privileges3 #a4 ,he t is s /at$ly    
di/ant is uncapable  /at$ly ( communion1
 & !re=e uncapable ( ! relation &  "n4  
#b4 ,he t is b = a "t accid5tally s     
di/ant1 is b = t  "t uncapable (        
communion ) !m2 & !re=e reta9e?         
capacity1 "r1 & obligation /at$ly = !   
future1 b n =  ! pres5t ex]cise4 ,!re=e 
he reta9e? ! relation & "n1 9  respect  

to 8 future int5d$ ex]cise2 b n 9 s     
pl5>y a  s5se1 z he t is capable (      
pres5t communion4    #c4 ,x is n ! l5g? 
or %ortness ( ! "t ( abs5ce t  :olly    
cutte? (f or cont9ue? ! relation & "n1 b
 !  probability or improbability ( a    
seasonable accession4 ,= if a man  be   
remov$ b a day1 ) a purpose to return no
 m1 8 relation  cease?4 ,& if a man be  
long purpos+ & probably l to return1  & 
by sickness or o!rwise be h9d]$1 x do? n
 :olly end 8  relation4    #d4 ,if !    
delay be s long z ei!r make? ! return   
improbable1 or  z necessitat$ ! *ur* to 
h ano!r /at$ly 9 ! pa/or's  place1 :]e  
!y c h b "o1 & s ! p by tak+  ano!r1    
cons5t 7?\gh ) grief7 to quit _!        
relation & title  to ! =m]1 !re !       
relation is at an end4    #e4 ,x is a   
delusory =mality ( "s1 t call !mselves  
memb]s (  a sep>at$ 7or o!r7 *ur*1 f :i*
 !y mo/ ord9>ily &  /at$ly live at an   
utt] di/ance1 & yet take !mselves to be 
no  memb]s ( ! *ur* :]e !y live1 &      
usually jo9 )3 & all  because !y        

cov5ant$ ) "o & n ) ! o!r4      ,que/4  
,,lxvi4 ,if a man be injuri\sly susp5d$ 
or excommunicat$ by  ! pa/or or p1 :i*  
way %all he h rem$y8    ,ans4 ,z is     
a=esaid 9 case ( mal-adm9i/ration2 #a4  
,by  admoni%+ ! pa/or or ^? t wrong him4
 #b4 ,by consult+  neighb\r pa/ors1 t !y
 may admoni% him4 #c4 ,by ! help (      
rul]s1 :]e su* are1 & ! *ur*'s good     
=bids x n4 #d4 ,9  case ( extremity1 by 
remov+ to a *ur* t w n s injure  y4 ,&  
:at ne$s !re any m1 save pati5ce8       
,que/4 ,,lxvii4 ,do? pres5ce always make
 u guilty ( ! errors or  faults ( !     
pa/or 9 ,god's wor%ip1 or ( ! *ur*8 ,or 
9 :at  cases are we guilty8    ,answ4   
#a4 ,if x always made u guilty1 no man  
c\ld jo9 ) any  pa/or or *ur* 9 ! _w1   
)\t be+ a wilful s9n]4 ,because  no man 
wor%ippe? ,god )\t s91 9 matt] or mann]1
 omission or  commission4    #b4 ,if x  
nev] made u guilty1 x w\ld be lawful to 
jo9 )  ,mahometans & bread-wor%ipp]s1 c4
    #c4 ,!re=e ! foll[+ decision ( ! "q1
 ,9 :at cases x  is a duty or a s9 to   

sep>ate1 do? decide ?is case also4 ,= :5
  sep>ation is no duty1 b a s91 !re our 
pres5ce 9 ! wor%ip is  no s92 b :5      
sep>ation is a duty1 !re our pres5ce is 
a s94    #d4 ,especially 9 ^! two cases 
our pres5ce is a s93 #a4 ,:5 !  v       
assembly & wor%ip is s bad z ,god w n   
accept1 b  judge? ! sub/ance ( x = a s94
 #b4 ,9 case we ourselves be put  ^u any
 s9 9 communion1 or z a previ\s         
condition ( our communion  7z to make "s
 false pr(ession1 or to decl>e our      
cons5t to o!r  m5's s91 or to commit    
corporal1 visible1 reputative idolatry1 
or !  l74 ,b ! pa/or & *ur* %all answ] =
 _! own faults1  & n we1 :5 we h cause  
to be pres5t1 & make !m n ours  by any  
s9ful action ( our own4      ,que/4     
,,lxviii4 ,is x lawful to communicate 9 
! sacram5t )  wick$ m58    ,answ4 ,!    
answ] may be ga!r$ f :at is said be=e4  
#a4 ,if !y be s wick$ = numb]1 &        
flagiti\sness1 & notoriety1  z t x is   
our duty to =sake ! *ur*1 !n to         
communicate )  !m is a s94 ,!re=e !     

aft]-resolution ( ! j causes (          
sep>ation mu/ be p]us$4 ,z if a *ur* 7 s
 f> defil$ )  h]esy1 or op5 impiety1 t x
 7 ju/ifi$ by ! major vote1 &  bore d[n 
fai? & godl9ess1 & ! society 7 become   
uncapable  ( ! ends ( *ur* association &
 communion3 9 ?is & o!r  cases x mu/ be 
des]t$4    #b4 ,if we d n p]=m our own  
duty to remove unlawful communions1     
7:e!r x be by admonition ( ! (f5d] or   
pa/or1 or :atev] is  prov$ really our   
duty17 ! omission ( t duty is our s94   
#c4 ,b if we s9 n by omitt+ our own     
duty1 x w be no s9 (  ours to           
communicate ) ! *ur*1 :]e sc&al\s s9n]s 
or  h]etics are p]mitt$4 ,! pa/or's &   
del9qu5t's s9s are n  ours4    #d4 ,yea1
 if we d n omit our own duty 9 ord] to !
 rem$y1 t  w ju/ify u 9 d5y+ communion )
 ! *ur* :ile wick$ m5  are !re4 ,b x w r
 aggravate our s91 to omit "o duty      
fir/1 & !nce fet* occasion to omit      
ano!r4      ,que/4 ,,lxix4 ,h all !     
memb]s ( ! *ur* "r to ! ,"l's  table8 ,&
 is susp5sion lawful8    ,( ?is see !   

def5ce ( ! synod's propositions 9 ,new  
,engl&4 ,i  answ]1    #a4 ,y mu/ di/+ui%
 betwe5 a fundam5tal "r ( /ate1 & an    
imm$iate "r ( pres5t possession2 or if y
 w1 betwe5 a "r  duly to receive !      
sacram5t1 & a "r to imm$iate reception  
simply consid]$4    #b4 ,y mu/ di/+ui%  
betwe5 a que/ion$1 controv]t$ "r1 &  an 
unque/ion$ "r2 & s y mu/ conclude z     
foll[e?4    7#a47 ,e *ur* memb] 7at lea/
 adult7 z su*1 ha? !  fundam5tal "r (   
/at$ relation1 or a "r duly to receive !
  sacram5t2 t is1 to receive x und]/&+ly
 & s]i\sly at  ^? seasons :5 by ! pa/ors
 x is adm9i/]$4    7#b47 ,b if ^u faults
 or accusations1 ?is "r be duly que/ion$
  9 ! *ur*1 x is become a controv]t$ "r2
 & ! possession  or admission may1 by ! 
bi%ops or pa/ors ( ! *ur*1 be  susp5d$1 
if !y see cause1 :ile x is "u trial1    
till a j  decision4    #c4 ,?\gh infants
 are true memb]s1 yet ! want ( natural  
capacity  duly to receive make? x       
unlawful to give !m ! sacram5t1 because 
x is to be giv5 only to receiv]s1 &     

receiv+ is m ?an eat+  & dr9k+2 x is    
cons5t+ to ! cov5ant1 :i* is ! real     
receiv+ 9 a moral s5se1 or at lea/      
cons5t pr(ess$4 ,s t  !y want n a /ate (
 "r1 z to _! relation1 b a natural      
capacity to receive4    #d4 ,p]sons at  
age :o want n ! "r ( a /at$ relation1   
may  h su* actual natural & moral       
indispositions1 z may also make  !m = t 
"t unmeet to receive4 ,z sickness1      
infection1 a  j\rney1 p]secution1       
scatt]+ ! *ur*1 a prison4 ,& 7morally7  
#a4 ,want ( necess>y k ( ! nature ( !   
sacram5t 7:i*  by ! neglig5ce ( pa/ors  
or p>5ts may be ! case ( "s t  are b    
newly pa/ _! *ildhood74 #b4 ,"s he9\s   
s91 ( :i* !  s9n] ha? n s f> rep5t$1 z  
to be yet ready to receive a  seal$     
p>don1 or :i* is s sc&al\s 9 ! *ur*1 z t
 9  public respects ! p]son is yet unfit
 = its privileges4 #c4 ,su*  s9s or     
accusations ( s91 z make ! p]son's *ur* 
title ju/ly  controv]t$1 & 8 communion  
susp5d$1 till ! case be decid$4  #d4    
,su* fe>s ( unwor?y receiv+1 z 7 l to   

hurt & di/ract  ! p]son1 if he %\ld     
receive till he 7 bett] satisfi$4 ,^!   
make a man uncapable ( pres5t reception1
 & s are a b> to 8  pl5>y "r3 !y h /ill 
"r to receive 9 a due mann]2 b  be+ yet 
uncapable ( t due receiv+1 !y h n a     
pl5>y  "r to ! ?+4    #e4 ,! same may be
 said ( o!r p>ts ( our duty &           
privileges4 ,a  man may h a relative1   
habitual1 or /at$ "r to praise ,god1 &  
give him ?anks = 8 ju/ification1        
sanctification1 & adoption1  & to godly 
conf]5ce1 to ex]cises ( humiliation1 c4 
:o yet =  want ( pres5t actual          
prep>ation1 may be uncapable1 & s want a
  pl5>y "r4    #f4 ,! und]/&+ ( ! d\ble 
prep>ation necess>y1 do? mo/  cle>ly    
help u to und]/& ?is case4 ,a man t is 9
 an  unreg5]ate /ate1 mu/ be visibly    
cur$ ( t /ate1 7( utt]  ignorance1      
unbelief1 ungodl9ess17 be=e he c be a   
memb] ( !  *ur*1 & lay a claim to its   
privileges4 ,b :5 t is done1  besides   
?is g5]al prep>ation1 a p>ticul>        
prep>ation also to  ea* duty is necess>y

 to ! "r do+ ( x4 ,a man mu/ und]/&  :at
 he goe? ab\t1 & mu/ consid] ( x1 & come
 ) "s  suitable affections4 ,a man may h
 "r to g a j\rney1 t wants  a horse2 or 
may h a horse t is n saddl$3 he t ha?   
clo!s  mu/ put !m on1 be=e he is fit to 
come into company3 he t ha?  "r to      
write1 may want a p51 or h a bad "o3    
hav+ ( graci\s  habits1 may ne$ !       
addition ( br++ !m into su* acts z are  
suitable to ! "w 9 h&4      ,que/4      
,,lxx4 ,is !re any su* ?+ 9 ! *ur*1 z a 
rank or  classis1 or species ( *ur*     
memb]s at age1 :o are n to be  admitt$  
to ! ,"l's table1 b only to he>+ ! ^w & 
pray]1  betwe5 infant memb]s1 & adult   
confirm$ ones8    ,answ4 ,"s h          
excogitat$ su* a classis1 or species1 or
 ord]1  = conv5i5ce1 z a prud5t1        
necess>y ?+2 because to admit all  to ! 
,"l's table !y ?9k dang]\s on "o side2 &
 to ca/ all  t are unfit = x out ( !    
*ur*1 !y ?9k dang]\s on !  o!r side1 & t
 :i* ! p w\ld n be>4 ,!re=e to  pres]ve 
! rev]5ce ( ! sacram5t1 & to pres]ve _! 

own &  ! *ur*'s peace1 !y h contriv$ ?is
 middle way or rank4 ,&  inde$ !        
controv]sy seeme? to be m ab\t ! title  
7:e!r x  may be call$ a middle ord] (   
m]e le>n]s & wor%ipp]s7 ?an  ab\t !     
matt]4 ,i h occasionally writt5 m ( x   
?an ,i c  "h /ay to recite2 & ! accurate
 h&l+ ( x require? m  words ?an ,i w "h 
use4 ,?is breviate !re=e %all be all4   
#a4 ,x is c]ta9 t su* cate*um5s z are 9 
m]e prep>ation to  fai?1 rep5tance1 &   
baptism1 are no *ur* memb]s or *ri/ians 
at  all2 & s 9 none ( ^! ranks4    #b4  
,baptism is ! only ord9>y regul> door ( 
entrance into !  visible *ur*2 & no man 
7unless 9 extraord9>y cases7 is to be   
tak5 = a *ur* memb] or visible *ri/ian  
till baptiz$4    ,two objections are    
br\ght aga9/ ?is4 #a4 ,! infants (      
*ri/ians  are *ur* memb]s z su*1 be=e   
baptism1 & s are believ]s4 ,!y  are     
baptiz$ because memb]s1 & n memb]s by   
baptism4    ,sid5ote3 ,:at makes a      
visible memb]8    ,answ4 ,?is case ha?  
no difficulty4 #a4 ,a believ] z su*1 is 

a  memb] ( ,*ri/ & ! *ur* invisible1 b n
 ( ! visible  *ur*1 till he be an ord]ly
 pr(essor ( t belief4 ,& ?is  pr(ession 
is n left to e man's w h[ x %all be     
made1 b  ,*ri/ ha? prescrib$ & in/itut$ 
a c]ta9 way & mann] (  pr(ession1 :i*   
%all be ! only ord9>y symbol or badge1  
by :i*  ! *ur* %all "k visible memb]s2 &
 t is baptism4 ,inde$  :5 baptism _c be 
_h1 an op5 pr(ession )\t x may s]ve2  = 
sacram5ts are made = man1 & n man =     
sacram5ts4 ,b :5  x may be _h1 x is     
,*ri/'s appo9t$ symbol1 tess]a1 & *ur*  
door4 ,& till a p]son be baptiz$1 he is 
b irregul>ly &  initially a pr(essor2 z 
an embryo 9 ! womb is a man2 or z a     
cov5ant be=e ! writ+1 seal+1 & deliv]+  
is initially a  cov5ant2 or z p]sons    
privately contract$ )\t solemn matrimony
  are m>ri$2 or z a man is a m9i/] ^u   
election & trial be=e  ord9ation3 he ha?
 only1 9 all ^! cases1 ! beg9n+ ( a     
title1 :i* is n complete2 nor at all    
suffici5t 9 =o  ecclesi1 to make a man  
visibly & legally a m>ri$ man1 a  m9i/]1

 & s "h a *ri/ian4 ,= ,*ri/ ha? *os5 8  
own  visible badge1 by :i* 8 *ur* memb]s
 mu/ be kn[n4    #b4 ,& ! same is to be 
said ( ! infant title ( ! *ildr5 (      
believ]s2 !y h b an initial "r be=e     
baptism1 & n !  badge ( visible         
*ri/ians4 ,= !re are ?ree di/9ct        
gradations  to make up _! visible       
,*ri/ianity4 #a4 ,because !y are _! own1
  7& z x 7 p>ts ( !mselves17 !re=e      
believ]s h p[]  & obligation to d$icate 
_! *ildr5 9 cov5ant ) ,god4 #b4         
,because e believ] is himself d$icat$ to
 ,god1 ) all t is  8 own1 7accord+ to 8 
capacity17 !re=e a believ]'s *ild is    
suppos$ to be virtually 7n actually7    
d$icat$ to ,god 9 8 own  d$ication or   
cov5ant1 z soon z 8 *ild ha? a be+4 #c4 
,be+  ?us virtually & implicitly fir/   
d$icat$1 he is aft] actually  & regul>ly
 d$icat$ 9 baptism1 & sacram5tally      
receive? !  badge ( ! *ur*2 & ?is make? 
him a visible memb] or  *ri/ian1 to :i* 
! two fir/ 7 b introductory1 z          
conception  is to human nativity4       

,object4 ,b ! se$ ( believ]s z su* are 9
 ! cov5ant2 &  !re=e *ur* memb]s4       
,answ4 ,! ^w cov5ant "h is ambigu\s2    
ei!r x signifie?  ,god's law ( grace1 or
 prescrib$ t]ms = salvation1 ) 8        
imm$iate (f] ( ! b5efits to accept]s1   
call$ ! s+le  cov5ant ( ,god2 or x      
signifie? ?is ) man's cons5t1 call$ !   
mutual cov5ant1 :]e bo? p>ties cov5ant4 
,9 ! =m] s5se1 !  cov5ant only (f]e?    
*ur* memb]%ip1 b make? no man a *ur*    
memb]1 till cons5t4 ,x is b ,god's      
conditional promise1 ,if ?\  believe ?\ 
%alt be sav$1 c4 ,if ?\ give up ?yself &
 *ildr5  to me1 ,i w be y\r ,god1 & y   
%all be my p4 ,b x is only  ! mutual    
cov5ant t make? a *ri/ian or *ur* memb]4
    ,object4 ,! promise is to u & our   
*ildr5 z ours4    ,answ4 ,t is1 t y &   
y\r *ildr5 d$icat$ to ,god1 %all be     
receiv$ into cov5ant2 b n o!rwise4      
,believ+ is n only b>e  ass5t+1 b       
cons5t+ to ! cov5ant1 & deliv]+ up      
y\rselves to ,*ri/2 & if y d n cons5t t 
y\r *ild %all  be 9 ! cov5ant1 & deliv] 

him to ,god also1 y _c expect           
acceptance ( him1 aga9/ y\r wills2 nor  
inde$ are y to be tak5  = true believ]s 
y\rselves1 if y d$icate n y\rselves to  
him1  & all t are 9 y\r p[]4    ,object4
 ,?is (f] or conditional cov5ant        
belonge? also to  infidels4    ,answ4 ,!
 (f] is to !m1 b !y accept x n4 ,b e    
believ] accepte? x = himself1 & 81 or   
devote? to ,god himself  & 8 *ildr5 :5  
he %all h !m2 & by t virtual  d$ication 
or cons5t1 8 *ildr5 are virtually 9 !   
mutual  cov5ant2 & actually ^u actual   
cons5t & d$ication4    ,object4 ,b x is 
pr(ession1 & n baptism1 t makes a       
visible  memb]4    ,answ4 ,t is answ]$  
be=e3 x is pr(ession by baptism2 =      
baptism is t peculi> act ( pr(ession1   
:i* ,god ha? *os5 to  ?is use1 :5 a     
p]son is absolutely devot$1 resign$1 &  
engag$  to ,god 9 a solemn sacram5t1 ?is
 is our regul> initiat+  pr(ession2 & x 
is b an irregul> embryo ( a pr(ession1  
:i*  goe? be=e baptism ord9>ily4        
,prop4 #c4 ,! "t ( infant memb]%ip1 9   

:i* we /& 9  cov5ant by our p>5ts'      
cons5t1 _c be det]m9$ by duration1  b by
 ! insuffici5cy ( reason1 ?r\gh         
immaturity ( age1 7or  cont9u+ idiots17 
to *oose = oneself4    ,prop4 #d4 ,x is 
n necess>y t ! doctr9e ( ! ,"l's supp]  
be taught cate*um5s be=e baptism2 nor 0 
x usual ) !  anci5ts s to d 7?\gh x may 
v well be done47    ,prop4 #e4 ,x is    
ne$ful t ! nature ( ! ,"l's supp] be    
taught all ! baptiz$ be=e !y receive x1 
7z 0 op5$  be=e17 else !y mu/ d !y "k n 
:at4    ,prop4 #f4 ,?\gh ! sacram5t ( ! 
,"l's supp] seal n ano!r1  b ! same     
cov5ant t baptism seale?2 yet are !re "s
  fur!r tru?s !re9 express$1 & "s m     
p>ticul> ex]cises  ( fai? 9 ,*ri/'s     
sacrifice1 & com+1 c4 & ( hope1 & love1 
& gratitude1 c4 requisite4 ,!re=e ! same
 qualifications :i*  w s]ve = baptism1  
ju/ification1 & adoption1 & salvation1  
are n en\gh = ! "r use ( *ur* communion 
9 ! ,"l's  supp]1 ! "o be+ ! sacram5t ( 
initiation & our new bir?2  ! o!r ( our 
confirmation1 ex]cise1 & gr[? 9 grace4  

#g4 ,:e!r p]sons be baptiz$ 9 infancy or
 at age1 if !y d n  be=e und]/& ^! high]
 my/]ies1 !y mu/ /ay f !  ex]cise ( !m  
till !y und]/& !m2 & s ) mo/ !re  mu/ be
 a space ( "t betwe5 _! baptism & full] 
communion4    #h4 ,b ! same t we say ( !
 ,"l's supp] mu/ be said ( o!r  p>ts (  
wor%ip2 s++ psalms1 praise1 ?anksgiv+s1 
c4 m5 mu/  le>n !m1 be=e !y c practise  
!m2 & usually ^! z  eu*>i/ical acts     
concur ) ! ,"l's supp]4    #i4 ,:e!r y w
 call m5 9 ?is /ate1 *ur* memb]s ( a    
middle  rank & ord]1 betwe5 ! baptiz$ & 
! communicants1 is b a  lis de nom9e1 a 
v]bal controv]sy4 ,x is grant$ t su* a  
middle sort ( m5 !re are 9 ! *ur*4      
#aj4 ,x is to be ma9ta9$ t ^! are 9 a   
/ate ( salvation1  ev5 be=e !y ?us      
communicate4 ,& t !y are n kept away =  
want ( a /at$ relation title1 b ( an    
imm$iate capacity1 z is  a=esaid4       
#aa4 ,!re is no necessity1 b ^u su*     
unfitness1 t !re %\ld  be "o day's "t   
betwe5 baptism & ! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's   
supp]3 nor is x desirable2 = if !       

baptiz$ und]/& ^?  my/]ies ! fir/ day !y
 may communicate 9 !m4    #ab4 ,!re=e z 
m5 are prep>$1 "s may sudd5ly           
communicate1 &  "s /ay long]4    #ac4   
,:5 p]sons are at age1 if pa/ors1 p>5ts1
 & !mselves be  n grossly neglig5t1 !y  
may & ought to le>n ^! ?+s 9 a  v little
 "t2 s t !y ne$ n be settl$ 9 a l[]     
le>n+  /ate = any consid]able "t1 unless
 _! own neglig5ce be !  cause4    #ad4  
,& 9 ord] to _! le>n+1 !y h "r to be    
spectators  & auditors at ! eu*>i/1 & n 
to be driv5 away ) !  cate*um5s1 z if !y
 _h no "r to be !re4 ,= x is a ?+  be/  
taught by ! practice to behold]s4       
#ae4 ,b if any %all by sc&al or gross   
neglect ( piety1 & n  only by ignorance1
 give cause ( que/ion+ _! title1 &      
susp5d+ _! possession ( ^? sacr$        
privileges1 ^! are to  be reckon$ 9     
ano!r rank1 ev5 among ^? ^: title to    
*ur*  memb]%ip itself become?           
controv]t$1 & mu/ und]go a trial 9  !   
*ur*4    ,& ?is mu* ,i ?9k may s]ve to  
resolve ?is consid]able "q4      ,que/4 

,,lxxi4 ,:e!r a =m ( pray] be lawful8   
,answ4 ,i h said s mu* ( ?is & "s foll[+
 que/ions 9  _m books already1 t to     
avoid repetition1 ,i %all say v little  
"h4    ,! "q mu/ be out ( "q ) all      
*ri/ians3    #a4 ,because ! ,scripture  
itself ha? _m =ms ( pray]2 :i*  !re=e _c
 be unlawful4    ,object4 ,!y 7 lawful  
!n1 b n n[4    ,answ4 ,he t sai? s1 mu/ 
prove :]e ,god ha? s9ce =bidd5  !m4 ,:i*
 c nev] be4    ,object4 ,!y may lawfully
 be read 9 ,scripture = in/ruction1 b  n
 us$ z pray]s4    ,answ4 ,!y 7 us$ z    
pray]s !n1 & are nev] s9ce =bidd53  yea1
 ,john & ,*ri/ did tea* _! disciples to 
pray1 & ,*ri/  ?us preface? 8 =m1 ,:5 ye
 pray1 say----    #b4 ,all ?+s mu/ be   
done to edification3 b to use a =m (    
pray]  is = ! edification ( _m p]sons1  
at lea/ ^? t _c  o!rwise d s well2 !re=e
 ^? p]sons mu/ use a =m4 ,full  exp]i5ce
 do? prove ! m9or1 & no?+ b /rang5ess to
 m5  c contradict x4      ,que/4        
,,lxxii4 ,are =ms ( pray] or prea*+ 9 ! 
*ur* lawful8    ,answ4 ,yes3 mo/ m9i/]s 

/udy ! me?odical =m ( _! s]mons  be=e !y
 prea* !m2 & _m write ! v words1 or /udy
 !m3  & s mo/ s]mons are a =m4 ,& sure x
 is z lawful to ?9k  be=eh& :at to say 9
 pray+ z 9 prea*+4#cbj    #a4 ,t :i*    
,god ha? n =bidd5 is lawful2 b ,god ha? 
n  =bidd5 m9i/]s to /udy _! s]mons or   
pray]s1 ei!r =  matt]1 me?od1 or words1 
& s to make !m _m ways a =m4    #b4 ,t  
:i* ,god prescrib$ is lawful 7if he     
rev]se x n73 b ,god  prescrib$ public   
=ms ( pray]2 z ! titles & matt] ( _m (  
! ,psalms prove1 :i* 7 daily us$ 9 !    
,jewi% synagogues4    ,object4 ,psalms  
be+ to be sung1 are m ?an pray]s4       
,answ4 ,!y 7 pray]s1 ?\gh m4 ,!y are    
call$ pray]s1 &  = ! matt] _m ( !m 7 no 
m ?an pray]s1 b only =  ! measures (    
words3 nor 0 _! s++ l ours n[1 b lik]   
to our say+4 ,& !re are _m o!r pray]s   
record$ 9 !  ,scripture4    #c4 ,& all !
 *ur*es ( ,*ri/ at lea/ ^! ?irte5 or    
f\rte5  hundr$ ye>s h tak5 public =ms = 
lawful2 :i* is n to be  ga9say$ )\t     
pro(4    #cbj ,god gave =ms ( prea*+ to 

,moses & ! prophets3 see a  l>ge =m (   
pray] = all true p1 ,deut4 xxvi4 #ac-ae4
 ,& s  else:]e !re are _m4      ,que/4  
,,lxxiii4 ,are public =ms ( man's devis+
 or compos+  lawful8    ,answ4 ,yes3 #a4
 ,! m9i/]s a=e-m5tion$ ?r\gh\t ! *ri/ian
  _w1 d devise & compose ! =m ( _! own  
s]mons &  pray]s3 & t make? !m n        
unlawful4 #b4 ,& :oev] speake?  ex      
tempore1 8 words are a =m :5 he speake? 
!m1 ?\gh n a  prem$itat$ =m4 #c4 ,& :5  
,scripture s vehem5tly comm&e? u  to    
se>*1 m$itate1 /udy ! ,scriptures1 &    
take he$ unto  ourselves & unto doctr9e1
 c4 :at a p]son is t :o w  condemn pray]
 or prea*+1 only because we be=eh& /udi$
 or  consid]$ :at to say6 z if ,god     
abhorr$ dilig5ce & ! use (  reason4 ,m5 
are n ti$ 7n[7 f ?9k+ be=eh& :at to say 
to  ! judge at ! b> = e/ate or life1 or 
:at to say on an  embassage1 or to a k+1
 or any man t we conv]se )4 ,& :]e  are 
we =bidd5 to =e?9k :at to say to ,god8  
,mu/ ! p take  he$ h[ !y he>1 & look to 
_! foot :5 !y g into ! h\se  ( ,god8 &  

mu/ n we take he$ :at we speak1 & look  
to our words  t !y be fit & dec5t8      
,object4 ,=ms are images ( pray] &      
prea*+1 =bidd5 9 !  second comm&m5t8    
,answ4 ,prove x1 & add n to ! ^w ( ,god4
 #a4 ,! ,scripture &  ,god's s]vants1   
ev5 ,*ri/ himself1 _h brok5 ! second    
comm&m5t1 :5 !y us$ or prescrib$ =ms4   
#b4 ,=ms are no m  images ?an           
extemporate words are1 z !y signify our 
m9ds4 ,are all  ! cate*isms1 pr9t$ &    
writt5 s]mons & pray]s1 images or       
idols8 all =ms t p>5ts tea* _! *ildr58  
,o *>ge n su*  untru?s on ,god2 & inv5t 
n falsehoods ( 8 ^w1 :ile y cry  d[n    
man's inv5tions4      ,que/4 ,,lxxiv4   
,is x lawful to impose =ms on !         
congregation or !  p 9 public wor%ip8   
,yes1 & m ?an lawful2 x is ! pa/or's    
duty s to d4 ,=  :e!r he =e?9k :at to   
pray or n1 8 pray] is to !m a =m  (     
words2 & !y are b\nd 9 all ! lawful     
p>ts1 to concur )  him 9 _s or desire1 &
 to say ,am54 ,s t e m9i/] by  (fice is 
daily to impose a =m ( pray] on all ! p 

9 !  congregation4 ,only "s m5 impose ! 
same =m _m times ov]1 or  e day1 & o!rs 
impose e day a new "o4      ,que/4      
,,lxxv4 ,is x lawful to use =ms compos$ 
by man1 & impos$  n only on ! p1 b on ! 
pa/ors ( ! *ur*es8    ,answ4 ,! "q      
conc]ne? n ! lawfulness ( impos+1 b (   
us+ =ms impos$4 ,&1 #a4 ,x is n lawful  
to use !m m]ely on  t acc\nt because !y 
are impos$ or comm&$1 )\t "s  great]    
reason ( ! unlawfulness4 ,= else x w\ld 
be unlawful =  any o!r to use impos$    
=ms2 z = a s*ol> or *ild1 if !  ma/] or 
p>5t impose !m1 or = ! congregation :5 !
 pa/or  impose? !m1 :i* is n true4      
#b4 ,! us+ ( impos$ =ms may by o!r      
accid5ts be sometimes good  & sometimes 
evil1 z ! accid5ts are t make x s4      
#a4 ,^! accid5ts may make x evil3 7#a47 
,:5 ! =m is bad =  matt] or mann]1 & we 
volunt>ily pref] x be=e t :i* is  bett]1
 be+ will+ ( ! imposition4 7#b47 ,:5 we 
d x to gratify  our slo?fulness1 or to  
cov] our wilful ignorance & disability4 
7#c47 ,:5 we volunt>ily obey & /r5g!n   

any unlawful1 usurp+  pa/ors or p[]s t  
impose x )\t au?ority1 & s enc\rage     
*ur* tyranny4 7#d47 ,:5 we *oose a s+ul>
 =m1 impos$ by "s  s+ul> pa/or1 & avoid 
t :i* ! re/ ( ! *ur*es agree  91 at a "t
 :5 x may t5d to division & (f5ce4 7#e47
 ,:5 !  weakness & (f5ce ( !            
congregation is su*1 t !y w n  jo9 ) u 9
 ! impos$ =m1 & s by us+ x1 we drive !m 
f all public wor%ip or divide !m4    #b4
 ,& 9 ! foll[+ circum/ances ! us+ ( an  
impos$ =m is  lawful & a duty3 7#a47 ,:5
 ! m9i/] is s weak t he _c  pray well   
)\t "o1 nor compose s good a "o himself4
 7#b47 ,or :5  ! errors or great        
weakness ( ! g5]ality ( m9i/]s is su*1  
z t !y usually corrupt or spoil ,god's  
wor%ip by _! own  mann] ( pray+1 & no   
bett] are to be _h2 & !reupon ! wise  & 
fai?ful pa/ors & magi/rates %all impose 
"o s\nd & apt  liturgy to avoid error & 
division 9 su* a di/emp]$ "t2 &  ! able/
 _c be left at lib]ty )\t ! relax+ ( !  
re/4  7#c47 ,:5 x is a means ( ! concord
 ( ! *ur*es1 & no  h9d]ance to our o!r  

pray]s4 7#d47 ,:5 our he>]s w n jo9  ) u
 if we use !m n 7= error & weakness mu/ 
be borne )  on "o side1 z well z on !   
o!r74 7#e47 ,:5 ob$i5ce to j  au?ority  
require? x1 & no comm& ( ,*ri/ is cross$
 by x4  7#f47 ,:5 ! imposition is s     
sev]e t we mu/ s wor%ip ,god  publicly1 
or n at all2 & s all ,god's public      
wor%ip w be %ut  out ( t congregation1  
c\ntry1 or nation1 unless we w use      
impos$ pray]s4 7#g47 ,9 a ^w1 :5 ! good 
consequ5ces (  ob$i5ce1 union1 avoid+   
(f5ce1 lib]ty = ,god's public wor%ip  & 
prea*+ ! gospel1 c4 are great] ?an ! bad
 consequ5ces  :i* are l to foll[ ! us+ (
 su* =ms3 ! prepond]at+  accid5ts mu/   
prevail4 7#h47 ,& if a man's own judgm5t
 &  consci5ce _c be satisfi$1 to d      
,god's "w com=tably &  quietly any o!r  
way1 x may g f> 9 ! det]m9ation4 ,& !   
common good ( _m *ur*es mu/ /ill be     
pref]r$ be=e a less4      ,que/4        
,,lxxvi4 ,do? n ! call+ ( a m9i/] s     
consi/ 9 !  ex]cise ( 8 own m9i/]ial    
gifts1 t he may n (ficiate  )\t !m1 nor 

make use ( o!r m5's gifts in/ead ( !m8  
,answ4 #a4 ,! (fice ( ! m9i/ry is an    
obligation & au?ority  to d ! m9i/]ial  
"w1 by ^? p]sonal1 compet5t abilities   
:i* ,god ha? giv5 u4    #b4 ,?is        
obligation to use our own abilities1    
=bidde? u n to make  use ( ! helps1     
gifts1 & abilities ( o!rs2 ei!r to      
promote  our own abilities & habits1 or 
to fur!r u 9 ! act or !  ex]cise ( !m4  
,=1 #a4 ,!re is no su* prohibition 9    
,scripture4  #b4 ,all m5 are insuffici5t
 = !mselves2 & nature & ,scripture      
require !m to use ! be/ help !y c get f 
o!rs4 #c4 ,god's  s]vice mu/ be done 9 !
 be/ mann] we c4 ,b _m m9i/]s  _c d x s 
well 7consid]atis consid]&is7 )\t o!r   
m5's help z ) x4    #c4 ,we may use o!r 
m5's gifts to help u1 #a4 ,= matt]2 #b4 
,me?od2  #c4 ,words2 & s = a ?reefold   
=m1 ( prea*+ or pray]4    #d4 ,he t use?
 a ,scripture =m ( matt]1 me?od1 or     
words1 use?  8 own abilities no m1 ?an  
if he us$ a =m out ( ano!r book4  ,b x  
is lawful to use a ,scripture =m2 !re=e 

x is lawful s  f> to take 9 assi/ance 9 
! use ( our own abilities4    #e4 ,he t 
use? a =m use? 8 own abilities also 7n  
only p]haps  at o!r times1 b7 9 ! use ( 
x4 ,he use? 8 und]/&+ to  disc]n ! true 
s5se & aptitude ( ! words :i* he use?3  
he  use? 8 holy desires 9 putt+ up ^?   
pray]s to ,god2 & 8  o!r graces1 z he   
do? 9 o!r pray]s4 ,he use? 8 utt]ance 9 
! apt & dec5t speak+ ( !m4    #f4 ,a    
m9i/] is n always b\nd to use 8 own     
gifts to ! utmo/  t he c1 & o!r m5's z  
little z he c4 ,=1 #a4 ,!re is no  su*  
comm& f ,god4 #b4 ,all ?+s mu/ be done  
to ! *ur*'s  edification3 b sometimes ! 
great] use ( ano!r man's gifts1 &  !    
less use ( 8 own1 may be to ! *ur*'s    
great] edification4    ,in/ances ( !    
lawful use ( o!r m5's gifts are su* z   
^!4    #a4 ,= matt]1 an abl] m9i/] may  
tell a "y man :at subjects  are fitte/ =
 him 9 prea*+ & pray]2 & :at is ! s5se (
  ! ,scriptures :i* he is to op52 & :at 
is ! true solution (  sev]al d\bts &    
cases4 ,a m9i/] t is "y1 raw1 or        

ignorant1  7yea1 ! be/17 may be a le>n] 
:ile he is a tea*]3 b he t  is a le>n]  
make? use s f> ( ! gifts ( o!rs4 ,&     
inde$ all  tea*]s 9 ! _w make use ( !   
gifts ( o!rs2 = all tea*  :at !y le>n f 
o!rs4    #b4 ,= me?od2 x is lawful to   
le>n t z well z matt] f  ano!r4 ,*ri/   
taught 8 disciples a me?od ( pray]2 &   
o!r m5  may op5 t me?od to u4 ,all      
tutors tea* _! pupils me?od z  well z   
matt]2 = me?od is ne$ful to ! due       
und]/&+ &  us+ ( ! matt]4 ,a me?od (    
div9ity1 a me?od ( prea*+1 &  a me?od ( 
pray+ may be taught a prea*] by ^w1 &   
may be  writt5 or pr9t$ = 8 use4    #c4 
,= words1 #a4 ,!re is no m prohibition 9
 ,god's ^w1 aga9/  le>n+ or us+ ano!r   
man's words1 ?an 8 me?od or matt]4      
,!re=e x is n unlawful4 #b4 ,a tutor or 
s5ior m9i/] may tea*  ! ,scripture words
 to a pupil or junior m9i/]2 yea1 & may 
set  !m toge!r & compose him a s]mon or 
pray] out ( ,scripture 9  its words4 7,=
 he t may use an ill-compos$ ,scripture 
=m ( 8  own ga!r+1 may use a            

well-compos$ =m ( ano!r's74 #c4 ,all !  
books 9 our libr>ies are =ms ( words2 & 
x is lawful sure to  use "s ( all ^?    
words :i* we read2 or else our books    
w\ld be  a sn>e & limitation to our     
language4 #d4 ,all prea*]s ord9>ily  use
 citations1 te/imonies1 c4 9 o!r m5's   
words4 #e4 ,all m9i/]s  use psalms 9 !  
metre ( o!r m5's compos+ 7& usually     
impos+  too74 ,& !re is no m prohibition
 aga9/ us+ o!r m5's words  9 a pray]1   
?an 9 a psalm4 #f4 ,almo/ all m9i/]s use
 o!r m5's  gifts & =m ( words1 9 read+ !
 ,scriptures1 9 _! vulg>  tongues3 =    
,god did n write !m by 8 apo/les &      
prophets 9  ,engli%1 ,fr5*1 ,dut*1 c4 b 
9 ,hebrew1 ,*aldee1 & ,greek2  !re=e !  
word+ !m 9 ,engli%1 c4 is a human =m (  
words3  & few m9i/]s ?9k !y are b\nd to 
translate all ! ,bible  !mselves1 le/ !y
 use o!r m5's words or abilities4 #g4   
,if a  "y m9i/] t c pray b weakly1 he> m
 apt expressions &  s5t5ces 9 ano!r     
m9i/]'s pray]s1 ?an 8 own are1 he may   
aft]w>d make use ( ^? s5t5ces &         

expressions4 ,& if ( "o  s5t5ce1 :y n ( 
two or t51 :5 ,god ha? n =bidd5 x8 ,s   
also 9 prea*+4 #h4 ,x is lawful to read 
ano!r man's epi/les or  s]mons 9 ! *ur*1
 z ! primitive *ur*es did by ,clem5t's &
  "s o!rs4 #i4 ,an imposition may be s  
sev]e1 t we %all n use  our own words1  
unless we w use "s ( o!r m5's4 #aj4 ,all
  *ur*es almo/ 9 ! _w1 h cons5t$ 9 ! use
 ( cre$s1  confessions1 & pray]s1 &     
psalms1 9 ! words ( o!rs4    ,b yet1 #a4
 ,no m9i/] mu/ on ^! pret5ces /ifle 8   
own gifts1  & gr[ neglig5t2 #b4 ,nor    
cons5t to *ur* tyranny or papal         
usurpations2 #c4 ,nor d t :i* t5de? to  
eat out s]i\sness 9  ! wor%ip ( ,god1 & 
turn all into dead imag]y or =mality4   
,que/4 ,is x lawful to read a pray] 9 ! 
*ur*8    ,answ4 #a4 ,t :i* is n =bidd5  
is lawful3 b to read a pray]  is n      
=bidd5 7z su*1 ?\gh by accid5t x may74  
#b4 ,! pray]s 9 ! ,scripture psalms1 7  
usually read 9 !  ,jewi% synagogues     
lawfully2 = !y 7 writt5 to t end1 &  7  
inde$ ! ,jewi% liturgy4 ,!re=e to read a

 pray] is n  unlawful4    #c4 ,he t ha? 
a weak memory may read 8 own s]mon      
notes2 !re=e  he may read 8 pray]s4     
#d4 ,i add z to ?is case & ! =m] toge!r2
 t1 #a4 ,*ri/ did  usually frequ5t !    
,jewi% synagogues4    #b4 ,t 9 ^?       
synagogues !re 7 =ms ( pray]1 & t       
ord9>ily read1 at lea/ ,scripture =ms3 &
 if ei!r ! ,jewi%  rabb9s 7cit$ by      
,scalig]1 ,seld5 9 ,euty*4 ,alex&r4 c417
 or !  /ronge/ probability may be       
cr$it$1 !re 7 also human =ms4  ,= :o c  
imag9e t ^? ,ph>isees %\ld h no human   
=ms1  7#a47 ,:o are s mu* accus$ (      
=mality1 & foll[+ traditions3  7#b47 ,& 
us$ long & frequ5t pray]s3 b if inde$ !y
 _h no  su* =ms1 !n long & frequ5t      
extemporate pray]s are n s  great a sign
 ( ! ,_s's gifts z is imag9$1 :5 su*    
,ph>isees  ab\nd$ 9 !m4 ,b !re is little
 probability b t !y us$  bo? ways4      
#c4 ,t ,*ri/ did n sep>ate f !          
synagogues = su* pray]s'  sake4    #d4  
,yea1 t we nev] read t ,*ri/ m$dl$ 9 !  
controv]sy1 x  be+ !n no controv]sy2 nor

 t he once reprov$ su* =ms1 or  read+   
!m1 or ev] call$ ! ,jews to rep5t ( !m4 
,if y say1 8 g5]al repro( ( traditions 0
 en\gh3 ,i answ]1 #a4  ,ev5 traditions  
he reprov$ n z su*1 b z set be=e1 or    
aga9/  ! comm&s ( ,god4 #b4 ,he nam$ _m 
( _! p>ticul> traditions  & corruptions1
 ,matt4 xv4 xxiii4 c4 & yet nev] nam$   
?is4 #c4 ,8  be+ usually pres5t at _!   
assemblies1 & s jo9+ ) !m 9  _! wor%ip1 
w\ld be su* an appe>ance ( 8            
approbation1 z  w\ld make x ne$ful to   
express 8 disall[ance ( x1 if inde$ he  
?\ght x s9ful4 ,s t :oev] imp>tially    
consid]e? all ?is1  t he jo9$ ) !m1 t he
 p>ticul>ly reprov$ o!r  corruptions1 & 
t he nev] said any ?+ at all aga9/ =ms  
or  read+ pray]s1 t is record$1 w sure  
be mod]ate 9 8  judgm5t ( su* indiff]5t 
?+s1 if he "k :at mod]ation is4         
,que/4 ,,lxxvii4 ,is x lawful to pray 9 
! *ur* )\t a  prescrib$ or prem$itat$ =m
 ( words8    ,answ4 ,!re are s few sob] 
& s]i\s *ri/ians t ev] made a  d\bt (   
?is1 t ,i w n be/[ _m words to prove x4 

#a4 ,t :i* is n =bidd5 is lawful4 ,b    
*ur* pray] )\t a  prem$itat$ or         
prescrib$ =m ( words is n =bidd5 7by    
,god72  !re=e 7z to ,god's laws7 x is n 
unlawful4    #b4 ,to express holy       
desires und]/&+ly1 ord]ly1 s]i\sly1 & 9 
apt expressions1 is lawful pray+4 ,b all
 ?is may be done )\t a  set =m ( words2 
!re=e to pray )\t a set =m ( words may  
be lawful4    #c4 ,! cons5t ( ! univ]sal
 *ur*1 & ! exp]i5ce ( godly  m51 are    
argum5ts s /rong1 z are n to be made    
light (4    #d4 ,to :i* ,scripture      
in/ances may be add$4      ,que/4       
,,lxxviii4 ,:e!r are set =ms ( words1 or
 free pray+  )\t !m1 ! bett] way8 ,& :at
 are ! commodities &  incommodities (   
ea* way8    ,answ4 ,i w fir/ answ] !    
latt] "q1 because ! =m]  dep5de? on x4  
#a4 ,! commodities ( a set =m ( words1 &
 ! discommodities (  free pray+1 are ^! 
foll[+4    #a4 ,9 a "t ( dang]\s h]esy  
:i* ha? infect$ ! pa/ors1 a  set =m (   
prescrib$ words t5de? to keep ! *ur*1 & 
!  consci5ces ( ! jo9]s1 f su*          

infection1 (f5ce1 & guilt4    #b4 ,:5   
m9i/]s are s weak z to di%on\r ,god's   
wor%ip by _!  unapt1 & slov5ly1 & uns\nd
 expressions1 prescrib$ or set =ms  :i* 
are well compos$1 are "s pres]vative &  
cure4 ,:5 free  pray+ leave? ! *ur* "u  
?is inconv5i5ce4    #c4 ,:5 m9i/]s by   
faction1 passion1 or corrupt int]e/s1   
are apt  to put ^! vices into _! pray]s1
 to ! injury ( o!rs1 & (  ! cause & *ur*
 ( ,god1 free pray+ *]i%e? ?is1 or give?
  x opportunity1 :i* set =ms d re/ra94  
#d4 ,concordant set =ms d s]ve = !      
exacte/ concord 9 !  *ur*es1 t all at   
once may speak ! same ?+s4    #e4 ,!y   
are ne$ful to "s weak m9i/]s t _c d s   
well  )\t !m4    #f4 ,!y some:at prev5t 
! lay+ ( ! reputation ( religi\s  wor%ip
 ^u ! m9i/]'s abilities3 :5 9 free      
pray+1 !  hon\r & com=t v>ie? ) ! v>i\s 
degrees ( pa/oral  abilities2 9 "o place
 x is excell5tly well done1 9 ano!r b   
dryly1 & coldly1 & meanly1 9 ano!r      
errone\sly1 un$ify+ly1  if n            
di%on\rably1 t5d+ to ! contempt ( holy  

?+s3 :]eas  9 ! way ( set liturgies1    
?\gh ! able/ 7at t "t7 do? no  bett]1   
yet ! weake/ do? 7= words7 z well1 & all
 alike4    #g4 ,&1 if pr\d1 weak m5 h n 
! compos+ & impos+ ( x1  all "k t words 
drawn up by /udy1 ^u sob] prem$itation &
  consultation1 h a great] advantage1 to
 be exact & apt1 ?an  ^? t 7 nev] ?\ght 
on till we are speak+ !m4    #h4 ,! v   
fe> ( do+ amiss1 di/urbe? "s unready m51
 &  make? !m d all ! re/ ! worse4    #i4
 ,! auditors "k be=eh&1 :e!r t :i* !y   
are to jo9  9 be s\nd or uns\nd1 hav+ "t
 to try x4    #aj4 ,& !y c m readily put
 9 _! cons5t to :at is spok51  & make ! 
pray] _! own1 :5 !y "k be=eh& :at x is1 
?an !y c d :5 !y "k n be=e !y he> x2 x  
be+ h>d  to ! dull] sort ( he>]s1 to    
concur ) an und]/&+ &  cons5t z quick z 
! speak]'s words are4 ,n b t ?is may be 
done1 b n )\t great difficulty 9 ! dull]
 sort4    #aa4 ,& x t5de? to avoid !    
pride & self-deceit ( _m1 :o  ?9k !y are
 good *ri/ians1 & h ! _s ( grace &      
supplication1 because by le>n+ & use !y 

c speak _m h\rs 9  v>iety ( expressions 
9 pray]2 :i* is a dang]\s mi/ake4    ,i4
 ,! commodities ( free extemporate      
pray]s1 & ! discommodity  ( prescrib$ or
 set =ms1 are ^! foll[+4    #a4 ,x      
become? an advantage to "s pr\d m5 :o   
?9k !mselves  wis] ?an all ! re/1 to    
obtrude _! compositions1 t none may  be 
?\ght wise en\gh1 or fit to speak to    
,god1 b 9 _! words2  & s introduce *ur* 
tyranny4    #b4 ,x may become a h9d]ance
 to able1 wor?y m9i/]s t c d  bett]4    
#c4 ,x may become a divid+ sn>e to !    
*ur*es1 t _c all  agree & cons5t 9 su*  
human impositions4    #d4 ,x may become 
an advantage to h]etics :5 !y c b get   
into  p[] 7z ! ,arians ( old7 to corrupt
 all ! *ur*es & public  wor%ip2 & ?us ! 
papi/s h corrupt$ ! *ur*es by ! mass4   
#e4 ,x may become an eng9e or occasion (
 p]secution1 & sil5c+  all ^? m9i/]s t  
_c cons5t to su* impositions4    #f4 ,x 
may become a means ( deprav+ ! m9i/ry1 &
 br++ !m  to a common idl5ess &         
ignorance 7if o!r ?+s alike concur74 ,= 

:5 m5 p]ceive t no great] abilities are 
us$ & requir$1  !y w commonly lab\r = & 
get no great]1 & s w be  unable to pray 
)\t _! =ms ( words4    #g4 ,& by ?is    
means *ri/ian religion may decay & gr[  
into  contempt2 = ?\gh x be desirable t 
its own wor? %\ld keep up  its          
reputation & success1 yet x nev] hi!rto 
0 s kept up  )\t ! assi/ance ( ,god's   
em95t gifts & graces 9 8  m9i/]s2 b     
:]ev] !re ha? be5 a le>n$1 able1 holy1  
zeal\s1 dilig5t m9i/ry1 religion usually
 ha? fl\ri%$2 &  :]ev] !re ha? be5 an   
ignorant1 vici\s1 cold1 idle1 neglig5t1 
& reproa*$ m9i/ry1 religion usually ha? 
di$ & be5  reproa*$4 ,& we h n[ no      
reason to look = t :i* nev]  01 & t ,god
 %\ld take a new c\rse 9 ! _w4    ,& !  
op9ion ( impos+ =ms ( pray]1 may draw on
 ! op9ion  ( impos+ =ms ( prea*+ z mu*1 
& ( re/ra9+ free  prea*+ z mu* z free   
pray+1 z we see 9 ,muscovy4 ,& !n :5    
no?+ b b>e read+ is requir$1 no?+ m w be
 ord9>ily  s\ght2 & s ! m9i/ry w be !   
scorn ( ! p4    #i4 ,& x w be a %ameful 

& uncom=table fail+1 :5 a  m9i/] is n   
able on v>iety ( occasions1 to v>y 8    
pray]s  accord+ly2 & :5 he _c g any     
fur!r ?an 8 book or  lesson2 x be+ z    
impossible to make pray]s j fitt$ to all
  occasions :i* w fall out1 z to make   
s]mons fit = all1 or1 z  !y say1 to make
 a coat = ! moon2 & ! p w contemn !     
m9i/]s :5 !y p]ceive ?is great          
defici5cy4    #aj4 ,& x is a great      
difficulty to _m m9i/]s to le>n & say a 
=m )\t book2 s t !y t c all day speak   
:at !y "k1  c sc>ce recite a =m ( words 
"o qu>t] ( an h\r1 ! memory  m dep5d+ ^u
 ! body & its temp]1 ?an ! ex]cise ( !  
und]/&+ do?4 ,he t is ti$ j to ^! words 
& no o!r1  is put ^u d\ble difficulties 
7l him t on height mu/ walk on  a n>r[  
plank1 :]e ! fe> ( fall+ w make him     
fall72 b he  t may express ! j desires (
 8 s\l 9 :at words occur t  are apt &   
dec5t1 is l "o t ha? a field to walk 93 
= my  own "p1 x is easi] to me to pray  
or prea* six h\rs 9 fre$om1  ab\t ?+s   
:i* ,i und]/&1 ?an to pray or prea* !   

t5? "p  ( an h\r 9 ! fett]s ( a =m (    
words :i* ,i mu/ n v>y4  ,& s !         
necessity ( a book com+ 91 do? br+ d[n !
  reputation ( ! m9i/]'s abilities 9 !  
p's eyes4    #aa4 ,b ! gr& incommodity1 
great] ?an all ! re/1 is1 t x  usually  
occasione? c>elessness1 deadness1       
=mality1 & he>tless  lip-lab\r 9 our    
pray]s to ,god2 :il/ ! free way ( pres5t
  pray] t5de? to excite our cogitations 
to consid] :at we say4 ,&  x is n only !
 multitude ( dead-he>t$ hypocrites 9 !  
*ur*  t are ?us tempt$ to p]sev]e 9 _!  
lip-lab\r & hypocrisy1  & to draw ne> to
 ,god ) _! lips :5 _! he>ts are f> f    
him1 & are gratifi$ 9 _! self-deceit1   
:il/ p>rot-l !y  speak ! words :i* !y   
reg>d n1 & _! tongues d ov]go  _! he>ts2
 b ev5 bett] m5 are greatly tempt$ to   
dead  remissness3 ,i mean bo? ! speak]s 
& ! he>]s2 =1 7#a47 ,x is  natural to   
man's m9d to h a slo?ful we>9ess z well 
z 8  body2 & to d no m ?an he f9de? a   
necessity ( do+2 &  ?\gh ,god's pres5ce 
alone %\ld suffice to engage all ! p[]s 

(  our s\ls1 yet sad exp]i5ce telle? u1 
t ,god's eye & man's  toge!r w d m )    
almo/ all m51 ?an "o alone4 ,&  !re=e no
 m5's ?\ghts are s accurately gov]n$ z  
_! words4  ,!re=e :5 a m9i/] kn[e?      
be=eh& t1 z to man's  approbation1 he   
ha? no m to d b to read t :i* he see?   
be=e him1 he is apt to let 8 ?\ghts fly 
abroad1 & 8  affections lie d[n1 because
 no man take? acc\nt ( ^!2 b 9          
extemporate div]sifi$ pray]1 a man _c d 
x )\t an  excitation ( 8 und]/&+ to ?9k 
7to ! utmo/7 :at to say2  & an          
excitation ( 8 affections1 to speak )   
life1 or else !  he>]s w p]ceive 8      
coldness4 ,& ?\gh all ?is may be        
c\nt]feit & hypocritically affect$1 yet 
x is a great help to  s]i\sness &       
s9c]ity to h ! faculties all awake2 & x 
is a  great help to awak5 !m to be "u   
su* a con/ant necessity ev5  f man4 ,z  
^? t are apt to sleep at pray]1 w d x   
less  :5 !y "k m5 obs]ve !m1 ?an at     
ano!r "t4    7#b47 ,& bo? to speak] &   
he>]s1 human frailty make? x h>d to  be 

equally affect$ ) ! same ?+ spok5 a     
hundr$ times1 z we  are at fir/ :5 x is 
new1 & :5 x is clo!d 9 comely v>iety  ( 
expressions4 ,z ! same book affecte? u n
 at ! tw5tie?  read+ z x did at ! fir/4 
,say n1 x is a di%on\rable  weakness to 
be ?us c>ri$ by ! novelty ( ?+s or      
words2 =  ?\gh t be true1 x is a di%on\r
 common to all mank9d1 & a  disease :i* 
is y\r own1 & :i* ,god all[e? u all     
lawful means  to cure1 & to correct !   
unhappy effects :ile x is uncur$4       
#ab4 ,la/ly1 set =ms s]ve unwor?y m5 to 
hide _! unwor?9ess  by1 & to be ! matt] 
( a controv]sy 9 :i* !y may v5t _!  envy
 aga9/ !m t are abl] & holi] ?an        
!mselves4    ,,iii4 ,hav+ n[ truly %[$ y
 ! commodities & incommodities (  bo? ! 
ways1 = ! o!r "q1 ,:i* ( !m is ! be/8 ,i
  mu/ give y b "s rules to answ] x      
y\rselves4    #a4 ,t is be/ :i* ha? mo/ 
& greate/ commodities1 & fewe/  & lea/  
discommodities4    #b4 ,= nei!r ( !m is 
=bidd51 9 itself consid]$1 nor evil1  b 
by accid5t4    #c4 ,"o may h m          

commodities & ! o!r m discommodities 9  
"o c\ntry & age ?an 9 ano!r1 & ) "s     
p]sons ?an )  o!rs4    #d4 ,sob]        
*ri/ians %\ld be v backw>d 9 su* cases  
to qu>rel  ) ! *ur*es :]e !y live or    
come1 b humbly submit to !m  9 lawful   
?+s1 ?\gh !y ?9k !m inconv5i5t2 because 
x is  n !y t are ! gov]nors & judges4   
#e4 ,! comm&s ( au?ority & ! concord ( !
 *ur*es may weigh  d[n _m light]        
accid5ts4    #f4 ,i crave leave to      
pr(ess t my own judgm5t is1 t some:at ( 
bo? ways jo9$ toge!r w be/ obviate !    
incommodities ( bo?4  ,to h s mu*       
:olesome1 me?odical1 unque/ionable =ms z
 ne> z  may be 9 ,scripture phrase1 z is
 necess>y to avoid ! inconv5i5ce  ( a   
total exclusion ( =ms1 & to ! atta9m5t (
 _!  desirable ends2 & to h s mu* )al ( 
fre$om 9 pray]1 z is  necess>y to its   
ends1 & to avoid ! deadness1 =mality1 & 
o!r  incommodities ( =ms alone4 ,?\gh by
 ?is op9ion ,i cross !  conceits (      
prejudic$ m5 on bo? extremes1 ,i ?9k ,i 
cross n !  judgm5t ( ! *ur* ( ,engl&1   

:i* all[e? free pray]s 9 !  pulpit1 & at
 ! visitation ( ! sick2 & ,i cross n !  
op9ion  ( any anci5t *ur* t ev] ,i read 
(1 nor ( ! fa!rs &  pa/ors ^: works are 
come to our h&s2 nor yet ( ,lu!r1       
,melanc?on1 ,buc]1 ,zu+lius1 ,calv91    
,beza1 ,zan*ius1 & ! re/ (  our fam\s   
re=m]s2 nor yet ( ! fam\s noncon=mi/s ( 
,engl&1  ,c>twright1 ,hild]%am1         
,gre5ham1 ,p]k9s1 ,ba91 ,amesius1 c4 &  
,i  less fe> err+ 9 all ?is company1 ?an
 ) ^? on ei!r ( !  extremes4#cba    #cba
 ,i h a manuscript ( ,mr4 ,c>twright's 9
 :i*1 hav+ fully  prov$ ! falsehood (   
,sutliff's suspicion t he 0 acqua9t$  ) 
,hacket's project1 he answ]e? 8 *>ge1 z 
if he 7 aga9/  =ms ( pray]1 t all ! ye>s
 t he liv$ at ,middleburg &  ,antw]p1 he
 con/antly us$ ! same =m be=e s]mon1 &  
mo/ly  aft] s]mon1 & also did read      
pray]s 9 ! *ur*2 & t s9ce  he seldom    
conclud$ b ) ! ,"l's pray]4      ,que/4 
,,lxxix4 ,is x lawful to =be> ! prea*+ (
 "s tru?s1  ^u man's prohibition1 t ,i  
may h lib]ty to prea* ! re/2  yea1 & to 

promise be=eh& to =be> !m8 ,or to d x = 
!  *ur*'s peace8    ,answ4 #a4 ,"s tru?s
 are ( s great mom5t & necessity1 t  )\t
 !m y _c prea* ! gospel 9 a sav+ sort4  
,^! y  may n =be>1 nor promise to =be>4 
#b4 ,"s tru?s are su* z ,god at t "t do?
 call m5 em95tly to  publi% & receive 7z
 aga9/ "s h]esy :5 x is at ! v  height1 
or ! *ur* 9 greate/ dang] ( x72 or      
conc]n+ "s  duty :i* ,god !n specially  
calle? m5 to p]=m 7z ! duty (  loyalty j
 9 ! "t ( a p]il\s rebellion1 c47 ,su*  
prea*+  be+ a duty1 mu/ n be =borne1 :5 
x _c be p]=m$ ^u  lawful t]ms4    #c4 ,b
 "s tru?s are controv]t$ among good m52 
& "s are ( a  l[] nature & usefulness3 &
 conc]n+ ^! ,i fur!r say1    7#a47 ,t y 
may n r5\nce !m or d5y !m1 nor subscribe
 to !  smalle/ untru? = lib]ty to prea* 
! greate/ tru?4    7#b47 ,b y may = ! "t
 t ! *ur*'s b5efit require? x1  bo? =be>
 to prea* !m1 & promise to =be>1 bo? = !
  *ur*'s peace1 & = t lib]ty to prea* ! 
gospel1 :i* y  _c o!rwise obta94 ,!     
reasons are1    #a4 ,because x is n a   

duty to prea* !m at t "t2 = no duty  is 
a duty at all times3 affirmative        
precepts b9d n ad semp]1  because man _c
 always d !m4    #b4 ,x is a s9 to pref]
 a less] tru? or good be=e a great]4 ,y 
_c speak all ?+s at once4 ,:5 y h all   
done1 "s1 yea1 a  ?\s& mu/ be by y      
omitt$4 ,!re=e ! less %\ld be omitt$  r 
?an ! great]4    #c4 ,y h y\r (fice to !
 *ur*'s edification4 ,prea*+ is made  = 
man1 & n man = prea*+4 ,b ! *ur*'s      
edification  require? y r to prea* !    
gospel1 ?an t op9ion or po9t  :i* y are 
requir$ to =be>4 ,)\t ?is ! he>]s may be
  sav$1 b n )\t ! gospel4    ,& :at a   
man may d & mu/ d1 he may on good       
occasion promise to  d4    ,he t ?9ke?  
diocesans1 or liturgies1 or c]emonies   
unlawful1 &  yet _c h leave to prea* !  
gospel 79 "t ( ne$7 unless he  w =be>1 &
 promise to =be> to prea* aga9/ !m1 may 
&  ought s to d & promise1 r ?an n to   
prea* ! gospel4    ,object4 ,b if m5    
imprison or h9d] me f prea*+1 t is  _!  
fault2 b if ,i volunt>ily =be> any duty1

 x is my own  fault4    ,answ4 #a4 ,x is
 to =be> a s91 & n a duty at t "t2 x is 
no m a duty ?an read+1 or s++1 or pray+ 
at s]mon "t4 #b4  ,:5 y are 9 prison1 or
 "k 9 all probability y %all be !re1    
?\gh by o!r m5's fault1 x is y\r own    
fault if y w d5y a  lawful means to     
avoid x3 = y\r n prea*+ ! gospel is !n  
y\r own s91 z well z o!r m5's2 & !irs   
excuse? n y\rs4      ,que/4 ,,lxxx4 ,may
 or mu/ a m9i/] sil5c$1 or =bid to prea*
 !  gospel1 g on /ill to prea* x1 aga9/ 
! law8    ,answ4 ,di/+ui% betwe51 #a4 ,j
 sil5c+1 & unju/4 #b4  ,necess>y prea*+1
 & unnecess>y4    #a4 ,"s m5 are ju/ly  
=bidd5 to prea* ! gospel3 z1 #a4 ,^?  t 
are utt]ly unable1 & d worse ?an no?+ :5
 !y d x4 #b4  ,^? t are h]etics & subv]t
 ! ess5tials ( *ri/ianity or  godl9ess4 
#c4 ,^? t are s impi\s & malignant1 t !y
 turn  all aga9/ ! practice ( t religion
 :i* !y pr(ess2 9 a  ^w1 all t d        
7directly7 m hurt ?an good4    #b4 ,9 "s
 places !re are s _m able prea*]s1 t "s 
tol]able m5 may be sp>$1 if n acc\nt$   

sup]num]>ies2 & !  *ur* w n suff] by _! 
sil5ce4 ,b 9 o!r c\ntries ei!r  !       
prea*]s are s few1 or s bad1 or ! p s v 
ignorant1  & h>d5$1 & ungodly1 or s     
great a numb] t are 9 deep  necessity1 t
 ! ne$ ( prea*+ is und5iable4 ,& s ,i   
conclude1    #a4 ,t he t is ju/ly       
sil5c$1 & is unfit to prea*1 is b\nd  to
 =be>4    #b4 ,he t is sil5c$ by j p[]1 
?\gh unju/ly1 9 a c\ntry  t ne$e? n 8   
prea*+1 mu/ =be> !re1 & if he c mu/  g  
into ano!r c\ntry :]e he may be m       
s]viceable4    #c4 ,magi/rates may n    
ecclesia/ically orda9 m9i/]s or degrade 
!m1 b only ei!r give !m lib]ty1 or d5y x
 !m z !re is  cause4    #d4 ,magi/rates 
are n ! f\nta9 ( ! m9i/]ial (fice1 z !  
sov]eign is ( all ! civil p[] ( inf]ior 
magi/rates2 b bo?  (fices are imm$iately
 f ,god4    #e4 ,magi/rates h n p[] f   
,god to =bid m5 to prea* 9 all  cases1  
nor z !y please1 b ju/ly only & accord+ 
to ,god's  laws4    #f4 ,m5 be n made   
m9i/]s ( ,*ri/ only pro tempore or on   
trial1  to g (f aga9 if !y dislike x2 b 

are absolutely d$icat$ to  ,god1 & take 
_! lot = bett] & = worse2 :i* make? !   
,romani/s say1 t ord9ation is a sacram5t
 7& s x may be aptly  call$72 & t we    
receive an indelible "*1 t is1 an       
obligation dur+ life1 unless ,god       
himself disable u4    #g4 ,z we are     
ne>li] devot$ & relat$ to ,god1 ?an *ur*
 l&s1  goods1 & temples are1 s !        
sacrilege ( ali5at+ a consecrat$  p]son 
unju/ly1 is great] & m unque/ionable ?an
 ! sacrilege  ( ali5at+ consecrat$      
h\ses1 l&s1 or ?+s4 ,& !re=e no  m9i/]  
may sacrilegi\sly ali5ate himself f ,god
 & 8  und]tak5 (fice & "w4    #h4 ,we   
mu/ d any lawful ?+ to procure !        
magi/rate's lic5ce to  prea* 9 8        
dom9ions4    #i4 ,all m5 sil5c$ or      
=bidd5 by magi/rates to prea*1 are n    
!reby oblig$ or w>rant$ to =be>4 ,=1 #a4
 ,! apo/les  expressly det]m9e x1 ,acts 
iv4 #ai1 ,:e!r x be bett] to he>k5  to  
,god r ?an to y1 judge ye4 #b4 ,*ri/ (t 
=etold 8  s]vants1 t !y mu/ prea* aga9/ 
! w ( rul]s1 & suff]  by !m4 #c4 ,!     

apo/les & ord9>y m9i/]s also = #cjj ye>s
  aft] ,*ri/ did g5]ally prea* aga9/ !  
magi/rate's w1  ?r\gh\t ! ,roman empire 
& ! _w4 #d4 ,! or?odox bi%ops  commonly 
took !mselves b\nd to prea* :5 ,arian or
 o!r h]etical  emp]ors =bad !m4 #e4 ,a  
moral duty ( /at$ necessity to !  *ur* &
 m5's salvation is n subject$ to ! w (  
m5 =  ord]'s sake3 = ord] is = ! ?+     
ord]$ & = ! end4  ,magi/rates _c disp5se
 ) u1 = n lov+ our neighb\rs1 or  n %[+ 
m]cy to ! poor1 or sav+ ! lives ( ! ne$y
 9  fam9e & di/ress4 ,else !y t at la/  
%all he>1 ,i 0 hungry  & ye f$ me n1 ,i 
0 nak$ & ye clo!d me n1 ,i 0 9 prison  &
 ye visit$ me n1 might (t say1 ,our     
p>5ts1 ma/]s1 or  magi/rates =bad u4    
,yet a less] moral duty may be =bidd5 by
 !  magi/rate = ! sake ( a great]1      
because !n x is no duty  inde$1 & may be
 =borne if he =bid x n2 z to save "o    
man's  life1 if x w\ld prove ! dea? ( a 
multitude2 or to save "o man's  h\se on 
fire1 if s do+ w\ld fire _m4 ,!re=e1    
#aj4 ,x is lawful & a duty to =be> "s   

c]ta9 "t or numb] (  s]mons1 pray]s1 or 
sacram5ts1 c4 :5 ei!r ! pres5t use (  !m
 w\ld app>5tly procure m hurt ?an good1 
or :5 !  =be>ance 7 l to procure m good 
?an ! do+ ( !m2 =  !y are all = our     
edification1 & are made = man1 & n man  
= !m 7?\gh = ,god74 ,z if =be>+ ?is day 
w\ld procure me  lib]ty = _m days'      
s]vice aft]w>d1 c4    #aa4 ,x is n      
lawful at ! comm& ( man to =sake or =be>
 our  call+ & duty1 :5 x is to be judg$ 
necess>y to ! hon\r (  ,god1 to ! good (
 ! *ur*1 & ( m5's s\ls2 t is1 :5 z  9   
,daniel's case1 ,dan4 vi4 our religion  
itself & our own+ ! true  ,god1 do? seem
 susp5d$ by ! susp5se ( our duty2 or :5 
!  multitude ( ignorant1 h>d5$1 ungodly 
s\ls1 & ! want ( fit  m5 = numb] &      
quality1 do? put x pa/ controv]sy1 t our
  "w is greatly necess>y4    #ab4 ,^? t 
are n imm$iately call$ by ,*ri/ z 7 !   
apo/les1 b by m51 be+ yet /at$ly oblig$ 
to ! dea? :5  !y are call$1 may truly   
say z ,paul1 ,necessity is laid ^u me1  
& woe be to me if ,i prea* n !          

gospel4#cbb    #ac4 ,papi/s & prote/ants
 concur 9 ?is judgm5t4 ,papi/s w  prea* 
:5 ! law =bids !m2 & ! judgm5t (        
prote/ants is1  among o!rs1 by ,bi%op   
,bilson ( ,subjection1 & ,bi%op ,&rews1 
,tortur4 ,tort4 pla9ly s ass]t$4    #ad4
 ,b all t are b\nd to prea*1 are n b\nd 
to d x to !  same numb]1 nor 9 ! same   
mann]2 z !y h n ! same  opportunity &   
call4 ,:e!r x %all be1 9 ?is place or t1
 to  m or few]1 at ?is h\r or t1 are n  
det]m9$ 9 ,scripture1  nor alike to all4
    #ae4 ,! temples1 ti!s1 & su*        
adjuncts ( wor%ip & m9i/ry1  are at !   
magi/rate's disposal1 & mu/ n be invad$ 
aga9/ 8  laws4    #af4 ,:]e any are     
oblig$ to prea* 9 a =bidd51 disc\nt5anc$
  /ate1 !y mu/ /udy to d x ) su*        
prud5ce1 caution1  peaceabl5ess1 &      
ob$i5ce 9 all ! lawful circum/antials1 z
 may  t5d to ma9ta9 peace & ! hon\r (   
magi/racy1 & to avoid  temptations to   
s$ition1 & unruly passions4    #cbb     
,matt1 xxviii4 #bj2 ,rom4 x4 #ad2 #a    
,cor4 ix4 #af2 ,acts v4 #db2 x4 #db2  #b

 ,tim4 iv4 #a1 #b2 ,acts viii4 #d1 #ab2 
xv4 #ce4      ,que/4 ,,lxxxi4 ,may we   
lawfully keep ! ,"l's day z a fa/8      
,answ4 ,n ord9>ily2 because ,god ha?    
made x a day (  ?anksgiv+2 & we mu/ n   
p]v]t x f ! use to :i* x 0  appo9t$ by  
,god4 ,b 9 case ( extraord9>y necessity1
 x may be  done3 z1 #a4 ,9 case t "s    
great judgm5t call u s sudd5ly to       
humiliation & fa/+1 z t x _c be def]r$  
to ! next day  7z "s sudd5 invasion1    
fire1 sickness1 c47 #b4 ,9 case by      
p]secution ! *ur* be d5i$ lib]ty to meet
 on any o!r day1 9  a "t :5 public fa/+ 
& pray] is a duty4 #c4 ,9 case ! p  be s
 poor1 or s]vants1 *ildr51 & wives be s 
h>dly re/ra9$1  t !y _c meet at any o!r 
"t4 ,x is lawful 9 su* cases1  because  
positives give way to moral or natural  
duties1 ct]is  p>ibus1 & less] duties   
unto great]3 ! sabba? is made = man1  & 
n man = ! sabba?4#cbc    #cbc ,luke vi4 
#e2 xiii4 #ae2 ,m>k ii4 #bg4      ,que/4
 ,,lxxxii4 ,h[ %\ld ! ,"l's day be sp5t 
9 ! ma98    ,answ4 ,i h s f> op5$ t 9 ! 

family directions1 t ,i  w n[ only say1 
#a4 ,t eu*>i/ical wor%ip is ! great "w (
  ! day2 & t x %\ld be kept z a day (   
public ?anksgiv+  = ! :ole "w (         
r$emption1 especially = ! resurrection (
  our ,"l4#cbd    #b4 ,& !re=e !        
celebration ( ! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp]
  0 always a *ief "p ( its obs]vation 9 
! primitive *ur*es3  n m]ely = !        
sacram5t's sake2 b because ) x 0 /ill   
jo9$ all ! laudatory & ?anksgiv+ wor%ip4
 ,& x 0 !  pa/or's "w s to pray1 &      
praise ,god1 & prea* to ! p1 z  t5de?   
mo/ to possess _! s\ls ) ! livelie/ s5se
 ( !  love ( ! ,fa!r1 ! grace ( ! ,son1 
& ! communion ( !  ,holy ,_s1 on !      
acc\nt ( our r$emption4    #c4 ,?\gh    
confession ( s9 & humiliation mu/ n be !
 *ief "w  ( ! day1 yet x may & mu/ come 
91 z 9 due subord9ation to  ! *ief4 #a4 
,because !re are usually _m p]sons      
pres5t1 :o are  memb]s only ( ! visible 
*ur*1 & are n fit = ! laudatory  &      
rejoic+ "p4 #b4 ,because :ile we are 9 !
 fle%1 our  salvation is imp]fect1 & s  

are we2 & mu* s9 /ill rema9e?1  :i* mu/ 
be a grief & burd5 to believ]s3 & !re=e 
:ile s9  is mix$ ) grace1 rep5tance &   
sorr[ mu/ be mix$ ) our  ?anksgiv+s1 &  
we mu/ rejoice ) trembl+4 ,& ?\gh we    
receive a k+dom :i* _c be mov$1 yet mu/ 
our acceptable  s]vice ( ,god be )      
rev]5ce & godly fe>1 because our ,god is
 a  consum+ fire4#cbe #c4 ,our s9 &     
mis]y be+ t :i* we are  sav$ f1 do? ent]
 ! def9ition ( our salvation4 ,& )\t  ! 
s5se ( !m1 we c nev] "k aright :at m]cy 
is1 nor ev] be  truly glad & ?ankful4 ,b
 yet take he$ t ?is subord9ate duty  be 
n pret5d$1 = ! neglect+ ( t ?anksgiv+   
:i* is !  "w ( ! day4    #cbd ,psal4    
xcii4 #a-e2 cxviii4 #a-c1 #ae1 #ai1 #bc1
 #bd1 #bg-bi2 ,acts xx4 #g1  #i2 ,rev4  
i4 #aj2 ,acts xxiv4 #ad1 #be1 #bf1 c42  
,psal4 xvi4 #g-aj2 #a ,cor4  xvi4 #a1   
#b4    #cbe ,psal4 ii4 #i-aa2 ,heb4 xii4
 #bh1 #bi4      ,que/4 ,,lxxxiii4 ,may !
 p be> a vocal "p 9 wor%ip1 or d  any m 
?an say1 ,am58    ,answ4 ,yes3#cbf ! p  
%\ld say ,am52 t is1 op5ly signify  _!  

cons5t4 ,b ! mean+ is n t !y mu/ d no m1
 nor  o!rwise express _! cons5t sav+ by 
t s+le ^w4 ,=1 #a4  ,!re is no scripture
 :i* =bidde? m4 #b4 ,! p be> an  equal  
"p 9 s++ ! psalms2 :i* are pray]1 &     
praise1 &  in/ruction4 #c4 ,if !y may d 
s 9 ! psalms 9 metre1 !re c no  reason  
be giv5 b !y may lawfully d s 9 ! psalms
 9 prose2  = say+ !m & s++ !m are b     
modes ( utt]ance2 bo? are  ! speak+ (   
pray] & praise to ,god3 & ! anci5t s++ 0
  lik] our say+1 ?an to our tunes1 z mo/
 judge4 #d4 ,! primitive  *ri/ians 7 s  
full ( ! zeal & love ( ,*ri/1 t !y  w\ld
 h tak5 x = an injury & a qu5*+ ( ! ,_s1
 to  h be5 :olly re/ra9$ f be>+ _! "p 9 
! praises (  ! *ur*4 #e4 ,! use ( !     
tongue keepe? awake ! m9d1 &  /irre? up 
,god's graces 9 8 s]vants4 #f4 ,x 0 !   
decay ( zeal  9 ! p t fir/ %ut out      
responses2 :ile !y kept up !  anci5t    
zeal1 !y 7 incl9$ to take _! "p vocally 
9 _!  wor%ip2 & ?is 0 second$ by ! pride
 & usurpation ( "s  prie/s !reupon1 :o  
?\ght ! p ( ,god too pr(ane to speak  9 

! assemblies1 & m$dle s mu* ) holy ?+s4 
,yet ! v remembrance ( =m] zeal1 caus$  
mo/ *ur*es to  reta9 _m ( ! words ( _!  
pr$ecessors1 ev5 :5 !y lo/  ! life & _s 
:i* %\ld animate !m4 ,& s ! same words  
came into ! liturgies1 & 7 us$ by too _m
 cu/om>ily1 & 9  =mality1 :i* _!        
ance/ors _h us$ 9 ! f]v\r ( _!  s\ls4   
#f4 ,& if x 7 n t a dead-he>t$1 =mal p1 
by speak+  ! responses c>elessly &      
hypocritically1 d br+ !m into  disgrace 
) _m t see ! necessity ( s]i\sness1 ,i  
?9k few  good p w\ld be aga9/ !m n[4 ,if
 all ! s]i\s1 zeal\s  *ri/ians 9 !      
assembly speak ! same words 9 a s]i\s   
mann]1  !re w appe> no?+ 9 !m t %\ld    
give (f5ce4 ,if 9 !  fulness ( _! he>ts1
 ! p %\ld break out into su* words  (   
pray]1 or confession1 or praise1 x w\ld 
be tak5 = an  extraord9>y pang ( zeal2 &
 7 x unusual1 x w\ld take  exce$+ly4 ,b 
! bett] any ?+ is1 ! m loa?some x       
appe>e? :5 x is mortifi$ by hypocrisy & 
dead =mality1 &  turn$ into a mock]y1 or
 an affect$1 sc5ical act4 ,b x is "h  ! 

duty ( e *ri/ian to lab\r to re/ore !   
life & _s  to ! words1 t !y may aga9 be 
us$ 9 a s]i\s & holy mann]  z h]et(ore4 
#g4 ,^? t w\ld h private m5 pray &      
prophesy 9 public1 z  w>rant$ by #a     
,cor4 xiv4 ,ye may all speak1 c4 d mu*  
contradict  !mselves1 if !y say also t a
 layman may say no?+ b ,am54    #h4 ,! p
 7 all to say ,am5 9 ,deut4 xxvii4 #ae1 
#af1 #ah-bj1 c4  ,& yet !y (t5times said
 m4 ,z ,exod4 xix4 #h1 9 z solemn an    
assembly z any ( ours1 :5 ,god himself  
gave ,moses a s]mon 79 a  =m ( words7 to
 prea* to ! p1 & ,moses _h repeat$ x z  
f ! ,"l1 7x be+ ! n>rative ( 8 m]cies1 !
 comm& (  ob$i5ce1 & ! promises ( 8     
great bless+s ^u t  condition17 all ! p 
answ]$ toge!r & said1 ,all t !  ,"l ha? 
spok5 we w d4 ,! l 0 done aga91 ,exod4  
xxiv4 #c1  & ,deut4 v4 #bg4 ,& le/ y    
%\ld ?9k ei!r t ! assembly  0 n z solemn
 z ours1 or t x 0 n well done ( ! p  to 
say m ?an ,am51 ,god himself :o 0 pres5t
 decl>$ 8  approbation1 ev5 ( ! words1  
:5 ! speak]s' he>ts 7 n s  s9c]e 9      

speak+ !m z !y ought3 v]4 #bh1 #bi1 ,& !
 ,"l  he>d ! voice ( y\r words :5 y     
spake unto me1 & ! ,"l  said unto me1 ,i
 h he>d ! voice ( ! words ( ?is p--,!y  
h well said all t !y h spok54 ,o t !re 7
 su* a  he>t 9 !m--4    ,object4 ,b ?is 
is b a spee* to ,moses1 & n to ,god4    
,answ4 ,i w recite to y a =m ( pray] :i*
 ! p  !mselves 7 to make publicly to    
,god3 ,deut4 xxvi4 #ac-ae1 ,!n  %alt ?\ 
say be=e ! ,"l ?y ,god1 ,i h br\ght away
 !  hall[$ ?+s out ( my h\se1 & also h  
giv5 !m unto !  ,levite & unto ! /rang]1
 to ! fa!rless1 & to ! wid[1  accord+ to
 all ?y comm&m5ts :i* ?\ ha/ comm&$ me3 
,i h  n transgress$ ?y comm&m5ts1 nei!r 
h ,i =gott5 !m4 ,i  h n eat5 !re( 9 my  
m\rn+1 nei!r h ,i tak5 away ought  !re( 
= any unclean use1 nor giv5 ought !re( =
 ! dead2 b  ,i h he>k5$ to ! voice ( !  
,"l my ,god1 & h done  accord+ to all t 
?\ ha/ comm&$ me4 ,look d[n f ?y holy   
habitation1 f heav51 & bless ?y p       
,israel1 & ! l&  :i* ?\ ha/ giv5 u1 z ?\
 sw>e/ unto our fa!rs1 a l&  t fl[e? )  

milk & honey4 ,is n "h a full =m ( pray]
  to be us$ by all ! p8 ,& rememb] t    
,joseph & ,m>y1 &  ,*ri/ himself1 7 "u  
?is law1 & t y nev] read t  ,*ri/ f\nd  
fault ) ! p's spee*1 nor spake a ^w to  
re/ra9 x 9 8 *ur*es4    ,9 ,lev4 ix4    
#bd1 ,:5 all ! p saw ! glory ( ! ,"l1 & 
! fire t came out f x1 & consum$ ! burnt
 (f]+1 !y  %\t$ & fell on _! faces2 :i* 
0 an acclamation m ?an  b>e am54    #b  
,k+s xxiii4 #b1 #c1 ,k+ ,josiah w5t up  
into ! h\se ( ! ,"l1  & all ! m5 (      
,judah1 c4 & ! prie/s & ! prophets1 &   
all ! p1 bo? small & great3 & he read 9 
_! e>s all  ! words ( ! book ( !        
cov5ant4 ,& ! k+ /ood by a pill>1  &    
made a cov5ant be=e ! ,"l1 to walk aft] 
! ,"l1 & to  keep 8 comm&m5ts1 c4 ) all 
_! he>t1 & all _! s\l1  c4 ,& all ! p   
/ood to ! cov5ant4 ,:]e1 z a k+ is !    
speak]1 x is l t ! p us$ "s words to    
express _!  cons5t4    #a ,*ron4 xvi4   
#ce1 #cf1 :5 ,david deliv]$ a psalm = a 
=m (  praise3 9 :i* x is said to ! p1   
v]4 #ce1 ,& say ye1 ,save  u1 ,o ,god ( 

our salvation1 & ga!r u toge!r1 & deliv]
 u  f ! hea!n1 t we may give ?anks to ?y
 holy "n1 & glory  9 ?y praise4 ,bless$ 
be ! ,"l ,god ( ,israel = ev] & ev]4    
,all ! p said1 ,am51 & prais$ ! ,"l4    
,:]e x is l  t _! prais+ ! ,"l 0 m ?an  
_! am54    ,& x is a comm&1 ,psal4      
lxvii4 #c1 #e1 ,let all ! p praise  !e1 
,o ,god1 let all ! p praise !e4 ,& he t 
w limit  ?is to s+le p]sons1 or say t x 
mu/ n be vocally 9 !  *ur*1 or x mu/ be 
only 9 metre & nev] 9 prose1 or only 9  
tunes & n )\t1 mu/ prove x1 le/ he be   
prov$ an add] to  ,god's ^w4    ,b x    
w\ld be t$i\s to recite all ! repeat$   
s5t5ces 9 !  ,psalms1 :i* are commonly  
suppos$ to be ! responses ( ! p1  or    
repeat$ by !m4 ,& 9 ,rev4 xiv4 #b1 #c1 !
 voice z ( _m  wat]s & z ( a great      
?und]1 & ! voice ( h>p]s h>p+  ) _!     
h>ps1 :o sung a new song be=e ! ?rone & 
be=e !  f\r bea/s & ! eld]s1 a song :i* 
none c\ld le>n b !  hundr$ =ty & f\r    
?\s& :i* 7 r$eem$ f ! e>?1  :i* 7 n     
defil$ ) wom51 :o 7 virg9s & foll[$ !   

,lamb1 c4 do? seem v pla9ly to be spok5 
( ! praises ( all  ! sa9ts4 ,*ap4 xvii4 
#ae1 by wat]s is meant p1 multitudes1 c4
  ,& *ap4 xix4 #e-h1 !re is expressly   
recit$ a =m ( praise =  all ! p3 ,a     
voice came out ( ! ?rone1 say+1 ,praise 
our  ,god1 all ye 8 s]vants1 & ye t fe> 
him1 bo? small & great4  ,& ,i he>d z x 
7 ! voice ( a great multitude1 & z !    
voice ( _m wat]s1 & z ! voice ( mighty  
?und]+s1 say+1  ,alleluia3 = ! ,"l ,god 
omnipot5t reigne?4 ,let u be glad1 &    
rejoice1 & give hon\r to him2 = !       
m>riage ( ! ,lamb is  come1 & 8 wife ha?
 made h]self ready4 ,& to h] x 0        
grant$1 c4    ,& inde$ he t ha? /yl$ all
 8 p prie/s to ,god1 & a  holy & royal  
prie/hood1 to (f] up spiritual          
sacrifices acceptable  to ,god by ,jesus
 ,*ri/1 & to %[ =? ! praises 7 1  !     
virtues7 ( him t ha? call$ u out (      
d>kness into 8  m>vell\s light1 do? seem
 n to take !m = s pr(ane a  g5]ation1 z 
to be prohibit$ f speak+ to ,god 9      
public any  o!rwise ?an by ! m\? ( a    

prie/4    ,& x seeme? to be m all[$ 7& n
 less7 "u ! gospel1  ?an "u ! law2      
because !n ! p1 z "u guilt1 7 kept  at a
 great] di/ance f ,god1 & mu/ speak to  
him m by a prie/  t 0 a type ( ,*ri/ our
 ,int]cessor4#cbg ,b n[ we are br\ght   
nigh1 & reconcil$ to ,god1 & h ! _s (   
sons1 & may g  by ,*ri/ alone unto !    
,fa!r4 ,& !re=e ?\gh x be true t  m9i/]s
 yet are sub-int]cessors "u ,*ri/ our   
,high ,prie/1 yet  !y are r>ely call$   
prie/s1 b describ$ m 9 ! ,new  ,te/am5t 
by o!r p>ts ( _! (fice4    ,object4 ,b !
 p's responses make a confus$ noise 9 ! 
assemblies1 n intelligible4    ,answ4   
,all ?+s are ill done1 t are done by ill
 m5 t  c>nally & =mally slubb] x ov]3 b 
if ! be/ & holie/  p w\ld unanim\sly set
 !mselves to d x1 z !y d 9  s++ psalms1 
s t !y did n only /& by to be ! he>]s  (
 o!rs1 x w\ld be done m ord]ly &        
spiritually1 z well z  s++ is4    #cbf  
#a ,cor4 xiv42 ,psal4 cl42 lxxxi4 #b1   
#c2 xcviii4 #e2 xciv4 #a-c1 c42  cv4 #b1
 #g1 c42 cxlv4 ?r\gh\t2 ,col4 iii4 #af4 

#cbg ,numb4 i4 #ed2 iii4 #aj1 #ca2      
,exod4 xx42 ,heb4 iv4 #af1 #ag2 ,eph4   
ii4  #ac2 ,heb4 xii4 #ah1 #ba-bc4       
,que/4 ,,lxxxiv4 ,is x n a s9 = our     
cl]ks to make !mselves !  m\? ( ! p1 :o 
are no orda9$ m9i/]s ( ,*ri/8    ,answ4 
#a4 ,9 ^? places :]e orda9$ deacons d x1
 ?is  objection ha? no place4 #b4 ,!    
cl]ks are n appo9t$ to be !  m\? ( ! p1 
b only ea* cl]k is "o ( ! p  comm&$ to d
 t :i* all %\ld d1 le/ x %\ld be :olly  
left undone4 ,if all ! congregation w   
speak all t ! cl]k  do?1 x w answ] !    
prim>y desire ( ! *ur* gov]nors1 :o  bid
 ! p d x2 b if !y t w n d x !mselves1   
%all pret5d t ! cl]k do? usurp ! m9i/ry1
 because he  cease? n z well z !y2 !y   
might z well say s by a few t  %\ld s+  
psalms 9 ! *ur*1 :5 ! re/ are aga9/ x & 
=be>4 ,may n a man d 8 duty 9 s++ or    
say+1 :5 y  refuse y\rs1 )\t pret5d+ to 
be y\r m\?1 or usurp+ !  m9i/ry8        
,que/4 ,,lxxxv4 ,are repetitions ( !    
same words 9 *ur* pray]s1  lawful8      
,answ4 #a4 ,x is n lawful to affect !m z

 ! hea!ns1 :o ?9k  !y %all be he>d = _! 
battology1 or say+ ov] ! same  words1 z 
if ,god 7 mov$ by !m1 z by a *>m4#cbh   
#b4 ,nor is x  lawful to d t :i* ha? a  
/rong appe>ance ( su* a conceit1  &     
!reby to make ,god's wor%ip ridicul\s & 
contemptible2 z !  papi/s 9 _! psalt]s1 
& pray] books1 repeat+ ov] ! "n  (      
,jesus1 & ,m>y1 s (t toge!r z make? x   
seem a ludicr\s  cant+4    ,b1 #a4 ,x is
 lawful to speak ! same words f fulness 
&  f]v5cy ( zeal2 #b4 ,& :5 we are      
afraid to give ov] le/ we h  n yet      
prevail$ ) ,god4 #c4 ,& 9 ,god's solemn 
praises 7sung or  said7 a ^w or s5t5ce  
(t repeat$ sometimes ha? an elegancy1 & 
affect+ dec5cy2 & !re=e x is s (t5 us$ 9
 ! ,psalms2  yea1 & 9 _m ,scripture     
pray]s4 #d4 ,9 su* cases1 to br+ a      
s]i\s urg5cy ( _s to ! repeat$ words1 & 
n to qu>rel  ) ! repetitions1 is ! duty 
( "o t jo9e? ) true  *ri/ian assemblies1
 z a son ( piety & peace4#cbi    #cbh   
,matt4 vi4 #ah4    #cbi ,psal4 cxxxvi42 
cvii1 #h1 #ac1 #ba1 c4      ,que/4      

,,lxxxvi4 ,is x lawful to b[ at ! nam+ (
 ,jesus8    ,answ4 ,! "q ei!r respecte? 
! p]son ( ,jesus1 nam$ by  any ( 8      
names1 or else ?is "n ,jesus only4 ,& t 
ei!r simply  9 itself consid]$2 or else 
comp>atively1 z exclud+1 or n  includ+1 
o!r names4    #a4 ,t ! p]son ( ,jesus is
 to be b[$ to1 ,i nev] knew a  *ri/ian  
d5y4    #b4 ,t we may lawfully express  
our rev]5ce by b[+1 :5 !  names1 ,god1  
,jehovah1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 c4 are utt]$1 ,i
 h met )  few *ri/ians :o d5y1 nor "k ,i
 any reason to d5y x4    #c4 ,_h ,i be5 
fit to h prescrib$ directions to o!r    
m9i/]s or  *ur*es1 ,i w\ld n h p]suad$1 
mu* less comm&$1 !m to b[  at ! "n (    
,jesus1 any m ?an at ! "n ( ,god1       
,jehovah1  ,*ri/1 c4 = _m reasons :i* ! 
read] may imag9e1 ?\gh ,i  w n n[ m5tion
 !m4    #d4 ,b if ,i live & jo9 9 a *ur*
 :]e x is comm&$ &  p]emptorily urg$ to 
b[ at ! "n ( ,jesus1 & :]e my n do+  x  
w\ld be divisive1 sc&al\s1 or (f5sive1  
,i w b[ at ! "n  ( ,god1 ,jehovah1      
,jesus1 ,*ri/1 ,"l1 c4 "o z well z !    

o!r2  see+ x is n b[+ at ,*ri/'s "n t ,i
 scruple1 b !  consequ5ts ( seem+ to    
di/+ui% & pref] t "n alone  be=e all !  
re/4#ccj    #ccj ,mic4 vi4 #f2 ,j]4     
xxiii4 #bg2 ,isa4 lii4 #e1 #f2 xxix4    
#bd2 xlii4 #h1  #i2 ,psal4 ii4 #aj1 #aa2
 ,phil4 ii4 #b1 #i-ab2 ,psal4 xxxiv4 #c2
 lxvi4 #b2  lxviii4 #d2 lxxii4 #ai2     
lxxvi4 #a1 #b2 xcvi4 #b2 c4 #d2 cxi4 #i2
 cxlviii4 #ac2  cxlix4 #c2 ,isa4 ix4 #f1
 #g2 xii4 #d2 ,psal4 cxxxviii4 #b1 #c2  
,rev4 xv4 #d2 #a  ,*ron4 xxix4 #bj2 #b  
,*ron4 xxix4 #cj4      ,que/4 ,,lxxxvii4
 ,is x lawful to /& up at ! gospel z we 
are  appo9t$8    ,answ4 #a4 ,_h ,i be5 a
 prescrib] to o!rs myself1 ,i %\ld n h  
requir$ ! *ur* to /& up at ! read+ ( "o 
"p ( a  *apt] by ! "n ( ! gospel1 & n at
 ! same words :5 !  :ole *apt] is read4 
#b4 ,b if ,i live :]e rul]s p]emptorily 
comm& x1 7,i suppose n  =bidd+ u to /&  
up at ! gospel read 9 *apt]s1 b  select+
 ?is z an in/ance ( _! signifi$ cons5t  
to !  gospel1 :o w d no m17 ,i w\ld obey
 !m r ?an give  (f5ce1 by /&+ up at !   

read+ ( ! *apt]s & all2 :i*  ,i suppose 
w be no violation ( _! laws4      ,que/4
 ,,lxxxviii4 ,is x lawful to kneel :5 ! 
decalogue is read8    ,answ4 #a4 ,if ,i 
liv$ 9 a *ur* t mi/ook ! comm&m5ts =    
pray]s1 z _m ignorant p d1 ,i w\ld n s  
h>d5 !m 9  t error4 #b4 ,& if ,i knew t 
_m ( ! p pres5t are (  t m9d1 ,i _h r d 
no?+ t might sc&alize or h>d5  !m 9 x4  
,b1 #a4 ,t ! ?+ 9 itself is lawful1 is  
pa/ d\bt3 z we may  kneel to ! k+ :5 we 
he> him or speak to him2 s x is lawful  
to  kneel to ,god1 :5 we read a *apt] or
 he> x read1 & specially  ! decalogue s 
t]ribly deliv]$1 & writt5 by 8 own f+] 9
  /one4 #b4 ,& if x be p]emptorily      
comm&$1 & ! omission w\ld  be (f5sive1  
,i w\ld use x ?\gh mi/ak+ p]sons are    
pres5t1  7#a47 ,because ,i _c disobey1 &
 also diff] f ! :ole  assembly1 )\t a   
great] hurt & sc&al1 ?an seem+ to h>d5  
t mi/ak+ p]son4 7#b47 ,& because ,i c\ld
 & w\ld by o!r  means remove t p]son's  
dang]1 z f me1 by mak+ him "k t  x is no
 pray]4 7#c47 ,& ! r 9 our times1       

because we c get  ! m9i/] 9 ! pulpit    
publicly to tell ! p ! contr>y4  7#d47  
,& 9 cate*is+ x is 8 appo9t$ duty s to  
d4 7#e47 ,& we  f9d t ! same old silly p
 :o took ! comm&m5ts = a  pray]1 took ! 
cre$ to be s too2 :5 yet none kneel$ at 
!  cre$2 by :i* x appe>e? t x is n      
kneel+ :i* deceiv$  !m4      ,que/4     
,,lxxxix4 ,:at ge/ures are fitte/ 9 all 
! public wor%ip8    ,answ4 #a4 ,! cu/oms
 ( sev]al c\ntries1 putt+ sev]al        
significations on ge/ures1 mu* v>ie? !  
case4    #b4 ,we mu/ n lightly diff] f !
 cu/oms ( ! *ur*es :]e  we live 9 su* a 
?+4    #c4 ,accord+ to ! pres5t /ate (  
our *ur*es1 & !  signification (        
ge/ures1 & ! necessities ( m5's bodies1 
all  consid]$1 ,i l be/1 7#a47 ,to kneel
 9 pray] & confession ( s9  7unless x be
 9 cr[d$ congregations :]e !re is n     
room74 7#b47  ,to /& up 9 actions ( m]e 
praise to ,god1 t is1 at ! s++  & read+ 
( ! psalms ( praise1 & at ! o!r hymns4  
7#c47 ,to  sit at ! he>+ ( ! ^w read &  
prea*$ 7because ! body  ha? a necessity 

( "s re/74    #d4 ,_h ,i my *oice1 ,i   
w\ld receive ! ,"l's supp] sitt+2 b  :]e
 ,i h n1 ,i w use ! ge/ure :i* ! *ur*   
use?4 ,&  x is to be not$ t ! *ur* (    
,engl& require? ! communicant  only to  
receive x kneel+2 b n to eat or dr9k x  
kneel+ :5  !y h receiv$ x4 ,! anci5t    
*ur*es took x = a univ]sal  cu/om1      
e/abli%$ by _m g5]al c\ncils1 7& cont9u$
 _m  hundr$ ye>s17 t no *ur*es %\ld     
kneel 9 any act ( adoration  ^u any     
,"l's day 9 ! ye>1 or any week day      
betwe5 ,ea/] &  ,:itsuntide2 b only /&  
all ! "t4 ,b because ! we>9ess (  ! body
 is apt to draw ! m9d into cons5t1 &    
make ,god's s]vice  burd5some to u1 x   
seeme? a suffici5t compliance ) _! cu/om
  & ! reasons ( x1 if we /& up only 9   
acts ( praise 7& at  ! pr(ession ( our  
ass5t to ! *ri/ian fai? &  cov5ant74#cca
    #e4 ,& because !re is s great a     
diff]5ce betwe5 ! auditors 9  mo/       
assemblies1 "s be+ weak & n able to /&  
long1 c4  !re=e x is utt]ly unmeet to be
 too rigor\s 9 urg+ a  uni=mity (       

ge/ure1 or = any to be too c5sori\s (   
o!r m5  = a ge/ure4    #cca #a ,*ron4   
xvii4 #af2 #b ,sam4 vii4 #ag4           
,que/4 ,,xc4 ,:at if ! pa/or & *ur* _c  
agree ab\t s++  psalms1 or :at v]sion or
 translation to use1 or "t or place (   
meet+1 c48    ,sid5ote3 ,i m$dle n "h ) 
! magi/rate's "p4    ,answ4 #a4 ,x is ! 
(fice ( ! pa/or to be ! guide & rul] 9  
su* ?+s1 7:5 ! magi/rate int]pose? n17 &
 ! p  %\ld obey him4 #b4 ,b if ! pa/or  
injure ! *ur* by 8  misguidance &       
mal-adm9i/ration1 he ought to am5d &    
give !m  satisfaction2 & if he d n1 !y h
 _! rem$y be=e  m5tion$4 #c4 ,& if ! p  
be ob/9ate 9 disob$i5ce ^u  causeless   
qu>rels1 ! pa/or mu/ fir/ lab\r to      
conv9ce !m by  reason & love1 & 8       
au?ority2 & if no means w br+ !m to     
submission1 he mu/ consid] :e!r x be    
bett] z to ! public  good ( ! *ur* (    
,*ri/ t he comply ) !m1 & suff]  !m1 or 
t he dep>t & g to a m tractable p2 &    
accord+ly he is to d4 ,= !y _c cont9ue  
toge!r 9  communion if "o yield n to !  

o!r3 usually or (ttimes x w  be bett] to
 leave su* an obdurate1 self-will$ p1   
le/ !y be  h>d5$ by yield+ to !m 9 _!   
s91 & o!rs enc\rag$ 9  ! l by _!        
example2 & _! own exp]i5ce may at la/   
conv9ce !m1 & make !m yield to bett]    
?+s1 z ,g5eva did  :5 !y revok$ ,calv94 
,b sometimes ! public good require? t  !
 pa/or give place to ! p's folly1 & /ay 
among !m1 &  r yield to t :i* is n be/1 
7s x be o!rwise lawful17  z a worse     
translation1 a worse v]sion1 liturgy1   
ord]1 "t1 place1  c4 ?an q =sake !m4 ,& 
he t is 9 ! "r1 may 9 t  case yield to  
him t is 9 ! wrong1 9 po9t ( practice4  
,que/4 ,,xci4 ,:at if ! pa/or           
excommunicate a man1 & ! p  w n =be> 8  
communion1 z ?9k+ him unju/ly           
excommunicat$8    ,answ4 #a4 ,ei!r !    
pa/or or ! p are 9 ! error4 #b4 ,ei!r  !
 p]son is a dang]\s h]etic1 or grossly  
wick$1 or n4 #c4  ,ei!r ! p d own !     
error or s91 = :i* he is  excommunicat$1
 or only judge ! p]son n guilty4 #d4 ,! 
pa/or's  & ! p's "p 9 ! execution mu/ be

 di/+ui%$4 ,& s ,i  conclude1    #a4 ,t 
if ! pa/or err & wrong ! p1 he mu/ rep5t
 &  give !m satisfaction2 b if x be _!  
error & ob/9acy1 !n1  #b4 ,if ! pa/or   
=ekn[ t ! p w diss5t1 9 "s small        
disp5sable cases he may =be> to         
excommunicate "o t des]ve?  x2 or if he 
"k x aft]1 t !y w n =be> communion )  ! 
p]son1 he may g on 9 8 (fice1 & be      
satisfi$ t he ha?  dis*>g$ 8 own duty1 &
 leave !m "u ! guilt ( _! own  faults4  
#c4 ,b if x be an intol]able wick$ness  
or h]esy1 7z  ,arianism1 ,soc9ianism1   
c47 & ! p own ! error or s9 z  well z ! 
p]son1 ! pa/or is !n to admoni% !m also1
 & by  all means to endeav\r to br+ !m  
to rep5tance2 & if !y rema9  imp5it5t to
 r5\nce communion ) !m & des]t !m4 #d4  
,b if  !y own n ! crime1 b only ?9k !   
p]son injur$1 ! pa/or  mu/ give !m !    
pro( = _! satisfaction2 & if !y rema9   
unsatisfi$1 he may proce$ 9 8 (fice z   
be=e4      ,que/4 ,,xcii4 ,may a :ole   
*ur*1 or ! great] "p1 be  excommunicat$8
    ,answ4 #a4 ,to excommunicate is by  

m9i/]ial au?ority to pron\nce  ! p]son  
unmeet = *ri/ian communion1 z be+ "u !  
guilt (  imp5it5ce 9 he9\s s92 & to *>ge
 ! *ur* to =be>  communion ) him1 &     
avoid him1 & to b9d him ov] to ! b> (   
,god4    #b4 ,! pa/or ( a p>ticul> *ur* 
may pron\nce all ! *ur*  uncapable (    
*ri/ian communion & salvation till !y   
rep5t1 e4 g4  ,if !y %\ld all be        
imp5it5t ,arians1 ,soc9ians1 blasphem]s1
 c4  = he ha? au?ority1 & !y des]ve x4  
,b he ha? no *ur* t  he is pa/or (1 :om 
he c comm& to avoid !m4 #c4 ,! neighb\r 
pa/ors ( ! *ur*es ab\t !m1 may1 ^u full 
pro(1 decl>e to  _! own *ur*es1 t su* a 
neighb\r *ur* t is fall5 to  ,arianism1 
c4 is unmeet = *ri/ian communion & to be
 own$ z a  *ur* ( ,*ri/2 & !re=e *>ge _!
 flocks n to own !m1  nor to h          
occasional communion ) _! memb]s :5 !y  
come  among !m4 ,= !re is au?ority1 & a 
meet object1 & necessity  = s do+2 &    
!re=e x may be done4 #d4 ,b a s+le pa/or
 (  ano!r *ur* may n usurp au?ority ov] 
any neighb\r *ur*1 to  judge !m &       

excommunicate !m1 :]e he ha? nei!r call 
nor full  pro(1 z n hav+ _h opportunity 
to admoni% !m all1 & try  _!            
rep5tance4#ccb ,!re=e ! pope's          
excommunications are  r to be contemn$1 
?an reg>d$4 #e4 ,yet if _m *ur*es turn  
h]etics notori\sly1 "o s+le neighb\r    
pa/or may r5\nce _!  communion1 &       
require 8 flock = to avoid !m all4 #f4  
,& a  pa/or may z lawfully excommunicate
 ! major "p ( 8 *ur*1 by  *>g+ ! m9or "p
 to avoid !m1 z he may d ! m9or "p2     
except t accid5tally ! inconv5i5ces ( a 
division may be s  great1 z to make x   
bett] to =be>2 & s x may (t fall out    
also1 if x 7 ! m9or "p4    #ccb #b ,john
 #aj1 #aa2 #c ,john #i1 #aj2 ,rev4 ii4  
#e1 #af2 iii4 #e1 #f1 #ae4      ,que/4  
,,xciii4 ,:at if a *ur* h two pa/ors1 & 
"o  excommunicate a man1 & ! o!r absolve
 him1 :at %all ! *ur*  & ! diss5t] d8   
,answ4 ,x 0 su* cases t made ! *ur*es ( 
old *oose  bi%ops1 & ev] h b "o bi%op 9 
"o *ur*4 ,b1 #a4 ,he t  is 9 ! wrong is 
fir/ b\nd to rep5t & yield to ! o!r4 #b4

 ,if  he w n1 ! o!r 9 a tol]able ord9>y 
case may = peace give  way to him1 ?\gh 
n cons5t to 8 injuri\s deal+4 #c4 ,9 a  
dubi\s case !y %\ld bo? =be> proce$+    
till ! case be  cle>$4 #d4 ,9 mo/ cases1
 ea* p>ty %\ld act accord+ to 8 own     
judgm5t1 if ! c\nsel ( neighb\r pa/ors  
be n able to reconcile  !m4 ,& ! p may  
foll[ _! own judgm5ts1 & =be>  obey+    
ei!r ( !m =mally till !y agree4         
,que/4 ,,xciv4 ,= :at s9s may a man be  
d5i$ communion1 or  excommunicat$8 ,:e!r
 = imp5it5ce 9 e little s92 or =  great 
s9 )\t imp5it5ce8    ,answ4 #a4 ,i h %[$
 be=e t !re is a susp5sion :i* is  b a  
=be>ance ( giv+ a man ! sacram5t1 :i* is
 only ^u an  accusation till 8 cause be 
tri$2 & an innoc5t p]son may be  falsely
 accus$1 & s tri$4    #b4 ,"s s9s may be
 ( s he9\s sc&al1 t if ! p]son rep5t  ( 
!m ?is day1 8 absolution & reception may
 be delay$ till !  sc&al be remov$4 #a4 
,because ! public good is to be pref]r$ 
be=e any man's p]sonal good4 #b4 ,& !   
*ur*es1 or enemies ab\t1  _c s sudd5ly  

"k ( a man's rep5tance4 ,if !y he> ( a  
man's  murd]1 p]jury1 or adult]y to-day1
 & he> t he is absolv$  to-morr[1 !y w  
?9k t ! *ur* consi/e? ( su*1 or t  x    
make? v light ( s94 ,!re=e ! anci5t     
*ur*es delay$  & impos$ p5ances1 p>tly  
to avoid su* sc&al4 #c4 ,& p>tly        
because t "s s9s are s he9\s1 t a sudd5 
pr(ession is n  a suffici5t evid5ce (   
rep5tance1 unless !re be also "s        
evid5ce ( contrition4    #c4 ,b ord9>ily
 no man ought to be excommunicat$ = any 
s9  :atsoev]1 unless imp5it5ce be add$  
to ! s94#ccc ,because he is  fir/ to be 
admoni%$ to rep5t1 ,matt4 xviii4 #ae1   
#af2 ,tit4 iii4 #aj4  ,& rep5tance is ! 
gospel condition ( p>don to believ]s4   
#d4 ,a man is n to be excommunicat$ = e 
s9 :i* he rep5te?  n (4 ,because1 #a4   
,else all m5 %\ld be excommunicat$4 ,=  
!re  are 9 all m5 "s errors ab\t s9 &   
duty1 & s "s s9s :i*  m5 _c yet p]ceive 
to be s94 #b4 ,& m9i/]s are n           
infallible1 & may take t = a s9 :i* is  
no s91 & s %\ld  excommunicate !        

innoc5t4 #c4 ,& daily unavoidable       
infirmities1  ?\gh rep5t$ (1 yet awak5 n
 ! s\l sometimes to a notable           
contrition2 nor are !y fit matt] = !    
*ur*'s admonition4#ccd  ,a man is n to  
be call$ op5ly to rep5tance be=e ! *ur* 
=  e idle ^w1 or h\r4    #d4 ,!re=e to  
excommunication ^! two mu/ concur3 #a4  
,a  he9\sness 9 ! s94 #b4 ,imp5it5ce    
aft] due admonition &  pati5ce4    #ccc 
,luke xiii4 #c1 #e2 ,acts ii4 #cg-ci1 c4
    #ccd ,gal4 vi4 #a-d2 ,james iii4    
#a-c4      ,que/4 ,,xcv4 ,mu/ ! pa/ors  
exam9e ! p be=e !  sacram5t8    ,answ4  
#a4 ,regul>ly !y %\ld h suffici5t notice
 aft] !y  come to age t !y own _!       
baptismal cov5ant1 & t !y h  t due      
und]/&+ ( ! sacram5t & ! sacram5tal "w1 
&  su* a *ri/ian pr(ession z is necess>y
 to a due p>ticipation4    #b4 ,b ?is is
 fitlie/ done at _! solemn transition   
out ( _!  infant *ur* /ate into _!      
adult3 & x is n necess>ily to be  done e
 "t !y come to ! ,"l's table 7unless !  
p]son  desire help = 8 own b5efit72 b   

only once1 be=e _! fir/  communicat+3 if
 x be ! satisfaction ( ! pa/or or *ur* t
  is int5d$ by x4      ,que/4 ,,xcvi4   
,is ! sacram5t ( ! ,"l's supp] a conv]t+
  ord9ance8    ,answ4 ,y mu/ di/+ui%1   
#a4 ,betwe5 ! conv]sion ( infidels  )\t 
! *ur*1 & ( hypocrites )9 x4 #b4 ,betwe5
 !  prim>y & ! second>y int5tion ( !    
in/itutor4 #c4 ,betwe5 !  prim>y duty ( 
! receiv]1 & ! ev5t4 ,& s ,i conclude1  
#a4 ,t ,god did n comm& m9i/]s to give  
infidels ! ,"l's  supp] to conv]t !m to 
*ri/ianity4    #b4 ,he require? u to    
give x to none b ^? t pr(ess  !mselves  
conv]t$ f infidelity & a /ate (         
wick$ness1 & to  none t pr(ess n true   
sav+ fai? & rep5tance4    #c4 ,god nev] 
comm&$ or all[$ any infidel to dem& or  
receive x  to 8 conv]sion4    #d4 ,god  
comm&e? ! pa/ors ( ! *ur* to deliv] x to
  hypocrites1 7:o at ! he>t are         
infidels1 or imp5it5t &  ungodly17 if !y
 pr(ess fai? & rep5tance1 & desire or   
require  x4#cce    #e4 ,!re is mu* 9 !  
nature ( ! sacram5t1 :i* t5de? to !     

conv]sion ( a hypocrite4    #f4 ,& ,god 
(t5 blesse? x to ! conv]sion (          
hypocrites2 s t  x may !nce be said to  
be 8 second>y int5tion4    #g4 ,b yet he
 t kn[e? himself to be a m]e hypocrite1 
or void (  sav+ fai? & rep5tance1 %\ld n
 come fir/ & imm$iately to  ! sacram5t1 
to be conv]t$ by x2 b %\ld fir/ s long  
he>1  read1 m$itate1 & pray1 till he    
rep5t & believe1 & 8 he>t  cons5t to !  
cov5ant ( ,god2 & !n he %\ld come )     
p5it5t  contrition1 & solemnly r5ew 8   
cov5ant 9 ?is sacram5t1 &  !re receive a
 seal$ p>don4    #cce ,luke xxii4 #ai2  
#a ,cor4 xi4 #bd2 ,acts ii4 #cg1 #ch2   
,matt4 xxviii4 #ai1  #bj2 #a ,cor4 x4   
#af2 #b ,cor4 vi4 #ad2 ,acts viii4 #ac1 
#cg1 #ch2 #a ,cor4 xi4  #bg-cj4         
,que/4 ,,xcvii4 ,mu/ no man come to !   
sacram5t1 t is unc]ta9 or  d\btful ( !  
s9c]ity ( 8 fai? & rep5tance8    ,answ4 
#a4 ,he t is sure ( 8 uns\ndness &      
hypocrisy %\ld n  come4#ccf    #b4 ,he t
 ^u trial is n sure1 b yet z f> z he c  
und]/&  8 own he>t & life1 do? judge    

himself an imp5it5t hypocrite1  %\ld use
 o!r means to "k himself c]ta9ly1 &     
fulli] to  rep5t be=e he come?4 ,& ?\gh 
"s melan*oly & timor\s  p]sons be       
falsely p]suad$ t !y are imp5it5t1 yet x
 is  bett] t su* =be> ! sacram5t1 :ile  
!y use o!r means =  _! bett] acqua9tance
 ) !mselves1 ?an t all !  hypocrites1 & 
wick$1 imp5it5t p be told t x is _!     
duty to come1 if !y c b make !mselves   
unc]ta9 :e!r !y  be imp5it5t or n4      
#c4 ,b he t aft] ! be/ endeav\rs he c   
use to "k himself1  c say1 ,i am n c]ta9
 t ,i truly rep5t1 b z f> z ,i c  "k my 
he>t ,i d2 is n to be h9d]$ f ! sacram5t
 by t  unc]ta9ty4 #a4 ,= few ( ! be/    
atta9 to a full c]ta9ty (  _! own       
s9c]ity4 #b4 ,& all t c be expect$ f u  
is1 t  we proce$ accord+ to ! be/ ( our 
und]/&+s1 & ! be/  acqua9tance )        
ourselves t we c get4 #c4 ,& o!rwise x  
w\ld  keep u f all o!r duties prop] to  
true *ri/ians2 z f  ?anksgiv+ = our     
ju/ification1 sanctification1 adoption1 
c4    #d4 ,he t only erre? ab\t ! nature

 ( true fai? & rep5tance1  & n ab\t !   
reality ( x 9 himself1 %\ld n be kept   
away by  t error2 z if he c say1 ,z f> z
 ,i "k my he>t1 ,i am will+  to "p ) e  
kn[n s91 & to "k e s9 t ,i may "p  ) x2 
b ,i am afraid ?is is n true rep5tance2 
or he t  sai?1 ,i believe ! gospel to be
 true1 & ,i am will+ to h  ,*ri/ ^u 8   
cov5ant t]ms1 & :olly to resign myself  
unto him2  b ,i am afraid yet t ,i am n 
a true believ]4 ,?is p]son is  truly    
p5it5t1 & is a true believ]1 & !re=e    
ought to come4    #e4 ,! case de esse1  
:e!r a man be a true *ri/ian or n1 is 9 
ord] be=e ! case de scire1 :e!r he be   
c]ta9 ( x1 or  n4#ccg ,he t is a        
hypocrite is b\nd by ,god fir/ to "k t  
he  is s1 & !n to rep5t1 & !n to        
communicate4 ,he t is  s9c]e1 is b\nd by
 ,god to "k t he is s9c]e1 & to be      
?ankful1 & to communicate2 & man's      
neglect ( "o duty w n  make ,god *ange 8
 laws1 :i* /ill b9d !m to all ?is at    
once4    #ccf #a ,cor4 xi4 #bh1 #bi1    
#ca4    #ccg #b ,cor4 xiii4 #e1 #f4     

,que/4 ,,xcviii4 ,is x lawful or a duty 
to jo9 oblations to !  sacram5t1 & h[8  
,answ4 #a4 ,!re is no "q b a *ri/ian mu/
 give up himself1  s\l & body1 ) all t  
he ha?1 to ,god = 8 s]vice2 &  ?is      
oblation is *ri/ianity itself4#cch      
#b4 ,x is und\bt$ t ! ,"l's day is a fit
 "t = our  deposit+ :at we h to sp>e =  
*>itable & pi\s uses1 &  ?is is p>tly ( 
div9e appo9tm5t1 #a ,cor4 xvi4 #a1 #b4  
#c4 ,no d\bt b :at we give to ! poor1   
%\ld be = ,god's sake1  & f our love to 
,god2 & !re=e mu/ fir/ be devot$ or giv5
  up to ,god1 & b second>ily to !       
poor4#cci    #d4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! ,"l's  
supp] is z fit a season z any "p  ( t   
day1 = su* oblations & collections4 ,!  
anci5t  *ri/ians did !re=e call x !     
communion1 because 9 x !y  %[$ _! love &
 communion1 & fea/$ 9 common to t end4  
,!re are two sev]al sorts ( oblations   
:i* may lawfully be made  7& fitly7 at !
 communion4 #a4 ,! creatures ( bread &  
w9e  %\ld be (f]$ or pres5t$ be=e ,god1 
z ackn[l$g+ him to be  ! ,creator &     

,giv] ( all1 & to desire 8 acceptance & 
b5$iction ( !m = t holy use4 #b4 ,our   
alms or *>itable  contribution may be !n
 fitly (f]$ to ,god1 t he may fir/      
accept x1 & s x may be communicat$ to ! 
*ur* & poor4 ,:5  we receive f ,god !   
mo/ oblig+ b5efits1 :5 we return our    
greate/ ?anks1 :5 we resign ourselves & 
all to ,god1 x is !n  sure a seasonable 
"t1 to express all by ! oblation ( our  
b5evol5ce3 t hypocrites may n pret5d t  
!y are *>itable  9 secret1 b ! *ur* may 
h due notice ( x1 & ! pa/ors  be duly   
intru/$ ) x4#cdj    #cch ,rom4 xii4 #a2 
#a ,pet4 ii4 #e1 #i4    #cci ,matt4 x4  
#db2 xxv4 #dj1 c4    #cdj #a ,cor4 xvi4 
#a1 #b4      ,que/4 ,,xcix4 ,h[ _m      
sacram5ts are !re appo9t$ by ,*ri/8     
,answ4 ,! ^w sacram5t ha? s _m          
significations1 t x is n  fit = ! "q    
till x be expla9$4#cda ,pass+ all o!rs  
n[1 we mu/ take notice1 #a4 ,t our use (
 x is n s l>ge z !  ,lat9 int]pret] :o  
putte? x = ,my/]y1 b = ,a solemn        
d$ication ( man to ,god by a v[ express$

 by "s sacr$ c]emony1  signify+ mutually
 our cov5ant to ,god1 & ,god's reception
 ( u &  8 cov5ant ) u4 ,& x is br\ght   
into ! *ur* f ! ,roman  milit>y oa?     
call$ a sacram5t1 9 :i*1 z ,t]tul4 de   
,cor4 ,mil4  %[e?1 ! soldi] sw>e        
fidelity & ob$i5ce to ,cs>1 r5\nc+      
fa!r1 "m1 c4 = 8 s]vice1 & swe>+ to     
pref] x1 &  its safety1 be=e !m all3 see
 ,m>t9ius's recit+ ! oa? out (  div]s   
au?ors4 ,?is is our s5se ( ! ^w2 let no 
man n[ t  take? x 9 o!r s5se1 pret5d    
!re=e t we diff] 9  doctr9e4    #b4     
,see+ x is no ,scripture ^w1 x is n (   
necessity to ! fai?  or peace ( ! *ur*2 
b :5 disput]s agree n ( ! s5se (  ! ^w1 
!y _h be/ lay x by1 & use su* t]ms ^:   
s5se !y  c agree on4    #c4 ,! "n       
sacram5t is ei!r tak5 f ! cov5ant sworn 
to1 or  f ! sign or c]emony ( cons5t1 by
 :i* we oblige ourselves1 or  f bo?     
toge!r4    #d4 ,! cov5ant ( *ri/ianity  
is diff]5t f a p>ticul>  cov5ant ( "s   
(fice2 & accord+ly ! sacram5t is to be  
di/+ui%$4    #e4 ,z civil1 economical1 &

 ecclesia/ical (fices are di/9ct1 s  are
 _! sev]al sacram5ts4    #f4 ,! solemn  
r5ew+ ( ! sacr$ v[ or cov5ant1 )\t any  
in/itut$1 oblig+ sign1 is to be di/+ui%$
 f ! r5ew+  x by su* a sign ( ,god's    
in/itution3 & n[ ,i conclude1    #a4 ,z 
! ^w sacram5t is tak5 improp]ly secundum
 quid1 f !  nobl] "p only1 t is1 !      
cov5ant1 7z a man's s\l is call$  !     
man17 s !re are z _m sacram5ts z        
cov5ants2 & !re is  9 specie b "o       
cov5ant ( *ri/ianity1 & s b "o sacram5t 
( *ri/ianity1 v>i\sly express$4    #b4  
,z ! ^w sacram5t is tak5 prop]ly & fully
 accord+ to !  a=esaid description2 s   
!re are prop]ly two sacram5ts (         
*ri/ianity1 or ( ! cov5ant ( grace2 t   
is1 baptism1 !  sacram5t ( initiation1  
7mo/ fully s call$17 & ! ,"l's  supp]1  
or ! sacram5t ( confirmation1 ex]cise1 &
 progress4    #c4 ,z ! ^w sacram5t is   
tak5 less prop]ly1 defectively1         
secundum quid1 = ! same cov5ant ( grace 
or *ri/ianity  r5ew$ by any arbitr>y    
sign ( our own1 )\t a solemn c]emony (  

div9e in/itution1 s !re are div]s       
sacram5ts ( *ri/ianity or  ! cov5ant (  
grace1 t is1 div]s solemn r5ewals ( our 
cov5ant  ) ,god4 ,z1 #a4 ,at our solemn 
transition f ! /ate ( infant  memb]%ip  
unto t ( ! adult1 :5 we solemnly own our
 baptismal  cov5ant1 :i* ,calv9 & _m    
prote/ants 7& ! ,engli% rubric7  call   
confirmation4 #b4 ,! solemn own+ !      
*ri/ian fai? &  cov5ant1 9 our con/ant  
*ur* assemblies1 :5 we /& up at !  cre$ 
or pr(ession ( our fai?1 & all r5ew our 
cov5ant ) ,god1  & d$ication to him4 #c4
 ,at solemn days ( fa/+ or humiliation1 
& ( ?anksgiv+ :5 ?is %\ld be solemnly   
done4 ,especially ^u  "s public         
defection4 #d4 ,^u ! public rep5tance ( 
a p>ticul>  s9n] be=e 8 absolution4 #e4 
,:5 a man is go+ out ( ! _w1  &         
recomm5d+ 8 s\l to ,god by ,*ri/2 all ^!
 are solemn  r5ew+s ( our cov5ant )     
,god1 9 :i* we may use any lawful1      
natural1 or arbitr>y signs or           
expressions1 to signify our own m9ds    
by1 z speak+1 subscrib+1 /&+ up1 lift+  

up ! h&1 lay+  x ^u a book1 kiss+ !     
book1 c4 ,^! sacram5ts are improp]ly  s 
call$2 & are div9e z to ! cov5ant r5ew$1
 b human z to  ! express+ signs4    #d4 
,ord9ation is n improp]ly or unfitly    
call$ a sacram5t1 because  x is !       
solemniz+ ( a mutual cov5ant betwe5 ,god
 & man1 =  our d$ication to 8 special   
s]vice1 & 8 reception ( u &  bless+ on  
u1 ?\gh imposition ( h&s be n s solemn a
 c]emony  by m]e in/itution1 z baptism &
 ! ,"l's supp]4 ,b !n x  mu/ be not$1 t 
?is is n sacram5tum *ri/ianitatis1 a    
sacram5t ( ! *ri/ian cov5ant2 b         
sacram5tum ord9is vel  (ficii           
p>ticul>is1 a sacram5t ( ord]s1 or a    
p>ticul> (fice2  b ( div9e in/itution4  
#e4 ,! solemn celebration ( m>riage1 is 
an economical sacram5t2  t is1 a solemn 
obligation ( man & woman by v[ to "o    
ano!r1  & ( bo? to ,god 9 t relation1   
:i* may be arbitr>ily  express$ by      
lawful signs or c]emonies4    #f4 ,!    
solemn cov5ant ( a ma/] ) 8 s]vant1 is  
on ! same  acc\nt an economical         

sacram5t4    #g4 ,! inauguration ( a k+1
 9 :i* he is sworn to 8 subjects1  &    
d$icat$ to ,god 9 t (fice1 & 8 subjects 
sworn or cons5t  to him1 is a civil     
sacram5t1 :e!r unction be add$ or n4 ,& 
s  is a judge's entrance on 8 (fice1 :5 
x is done s solemnly by an  oblig+ v[ or
 cov5ant4    #h4 ,confirmation 9 !      
papi/s' s5se1 z conf]r$ by *rism on     
infants = giv+ !m ! ,holy ,gho/1 is b an
 unw>rantable  imitation ( ! old        
miracul\s op]ation by ! apo/les1 & nei!r
  a *ri/ian sacram5t1 nor a w>rantable  
practice1 b a presumption4    #i4 ,!    
same may be said ( _! sacram5t ( extreme
 unction4    #aj4 ,_! sacram5t ( m>riage
 is no o!rwise a sacram5t1 ?an !        
inauguration ( a k+ is2 :i* is approv$  
by ,god z well z  m>riage1 & signifie?  
also an hon\rable collation ( p[] f  !  
univ]sal ,k+4    #aa4 ,_! sacram5t (    
p5ance is no o!rwise a sacram5t ?an _m  
o!r =em5tion$ r5ew+s ( our cov5ant are4 
#ab4 ,!re=e ! papi/s' sev5 sacram5ts1 or
 sept5>y  di/ribution1 is confus$1 p>tly

 r$undant1 p>tly defective1 &  unwor?y  
to be made a "p ( _! fai? or religion1  
or ! matt]  ( _! peevi% & ignorant      
cont5d+s4 ,& !y t p]emptorily  say1 )\t 
di/+ui%+1 t !re are b two sacram5ts 9   
all1  d b h>d5 !m by ! unw>rantable     
n>r[+ ( ! ^w4    #cda ,( :i* see        
,m>t9ius fully 9 ,onom4 de ,sacram4     
,bell>m9  himself reckone? five4        
,que/4 ,c4 ,h[ f> is x lawful1 ne$ful1  
or unlawful = a man to  afflict himself 
by ext]nal p5ances = s98    ,answ4 #a4  
,n to ! de/roy+ ( 8 body1 life1 or      
heal?1 or !  disabl+ or unfitt+ body or 
m9d1 = ! s]vice ( ,god4    #b4 ,n to be 
! expression ( any s9ful1 inord9ate     
dejection1  despond5cy1 sorr[1 or       
despair4    #c4 ,n s z may be an outw>d 
appe>ance ( su* inord9ate passions1  or 
z may be a sc&al to o!rs1 & det] !m f   
religion z a  melan*oly1 hurtful ?+4    
#d4 ,nor z if ,god w\ld accept ! m]e    
ext]nal self-afflict+ =  itself1 or z if
 he lov$ our hurt1 or z if we m]it$ (   
him by our  unpr(itable1 volunt>y       

tr\bles4    ,b1 #a4 ,x is a duty to     
express true godly sorr[ by its prop]   
ex]cise & signs1 s f> z ei!r ! act+ ( x1
 or ! increase  or cont9uance by ! means
 ( ^? expressions is pr(itable to       
ourselves4    #b4 ,& also s f> z is     
ne$ful to ! pr(it+ ( o!rs1 by  %[+ !m ! 
evil ( s91 & draw+ !m to rep5tance4#cdb 
#c4 ,& s f> z is necess>y to ! satisfy+ 
( ! *ur* ( !  tru? ( our rep5tance1 9   
ord] to our absolution & communion4     
#d4 ,especially s f> z is necess>y to   
subdue our fle%ly lu/s1 &  tame our     
bodies1 & br+ !m into a due subjection  
to our fai?1  & to avoid our s9 = ! "t  
to come4 ,& also by ! ex]cise (  sob]   
mortification1 prud5tly1 to keep "u all 
our worldly  phantasies1 & love ( ?is   
pres5t _w1 )\t unfitt+  ourselves =     
duty4    #e4 ,& s f> z is ne$ful by su* 
mortification1 to fit u =  f]v5t pray]1 
especially by fa/+ on days (            
humiliation2 & to  help u 9 our         
m$itations ( dea? & judgm5t1 & to fur!r 
our  heav5ly contemplations &           

conv]sation4    #f4 ,! greate/          
difficulty is1 ,:e!r any self-rev5ge be 
lawful or  due2 :i* is answ]$ by :at is 
said already2 none su* z disable?  u =  
,god's s]vice is lawful4 ,b true        
rep5tance is an ang] or  great          
displeasure ) ourselves = s91 & a hatr$ 
( s91 &  loa?+ ( ourselves = x2 & to    
judge1 condemn1 & afflict our  own s\ls 
by a volunt>y self-puni%+1 is b t       
ex]cise (  ju/ice on ourselves1 :i* is  
fit = p>don$ s9n]s t are n  to be       
condemn$ by ! ,"l1 & inde$ ! j ex]cise (
  rep5tance & displeasure aga9/         
ourselves4#cdc ,on :i* acc\nts  ( sob]  
self-rev5ge we may *]i% su* degrees (   
godly sorr[1  fa/+1 co>se clo?+1 7z     
sackclo?17 & d5y+ ourselves !  pleasures
 ( ?is _w1 z %all n be hurtful b helpful
 to our  duty4 ,& if great & he9\s s9n]s
 h ( old on ^! t]ms1  exce$$ o!r m5 9 _!
 au/]ities1 & self-afflict+s1 we  _c    
condemn !m ( sup]/ition1 unless we m    
p>ticul>ly knew  m cause = x4 ,b popi%ly
 to ?9k t self-afflict+ )\t  respect to 

su* causes or necessities is a m]itori\s
 p]fection1 fit  = o!rs1 is sup]/ition  
inde$4#cdd ,& to ?9k1 z _m ( !          
melan*oly d1 t self-murd] is a lawful   
self-rev5ge1 is a he9\s  s91 & leade? to
 t :i* is m he9\s & dang]\s4    #cdb    
,isa4 lviii4 #c1 #e-h1 c42 ,m>k ix4 #ac2
 xii4 #g2 ,matt4 vi4 #a1 #c1 #e1  #f1   
#ag2 ,ze*4 viii4 #ai2 #b ,cor4 ii4 #g2  
,col4 ii4 #bb-bd2 ,joel i4 #ad2 ii4     
#ae2 ,dan4 ix4 #c2 ,acts x4 #ac2 #a     
,cor4 vii4 #e2 ,luke ii4 #cg2 ,matt4 iv4
 #b2 #b  ,sam4 xii4 #bb2 ,luke xviii4   
#ab2 #b ,cor4 vii4 #i-aa2 #a ,cor4 ix4  
#bg2 ,col4 i4  #e1 #f2 ,rom4 xiii4 #ac1 
#ad4    #cdc ,psal4 lxix4 #aj2 ,lev4    
xvi4 #bi1 #ca2 xxiii4 #bg1 #cb2 ,numb4  
xxix4 #g2  xxx4 #ac2 ,ezra viii4 #ba4   
#cdd ,isa4 lviii4 #e4      ,que/4 ,,ci4 
,is x lawful to obs]ve /at$ times ( fa/+
 impos$ by  o!rs1 )\t extraord9>y       
occasions8 ,& p>ticul>ly ,l5t8    ,answ4
 ,rememb] t ,i "h m$dle n ) ! "q1 h[ f> 
is  x lawful = rul]s to impose su* fa/s 
on o!rs8 save only to say1  #a4 ,t x is 

und\bt$ly fit = k+s to d x by precepts1 
&  *ur*es by cons5t1 9 extraord9>y cases
 ( defection1 s91 or  judgm5ts4#cde #b4 
,t x is und\bt$ly s9ful usurpation1 =   
ei!r pope or any pret5d$ ecclesia/ical1 
univ]sal rul]s1 to  impose su* on !     
univ]sal *ur* 7because !re are no       
univ]sal  rul]s74 ,or = a neighb\r bi%op
 by usurpation to impose x on a         
neighb\r *ur*4 #c4 ,& t x is s9ful 9 all
 or _m *ur*es1 to  make by _! agreem5ts 
su* ?+s to be necess>y to _! union or   
communion ) _! neighb\r *ur*es1 s t !y w
 take all  ^? = s*ismatics t diff] f !m 
9 su* indiff]5t  ?+s4 ,b z to ! us+ (   
su* fa/s 7omitt+ ! impos+7 ,i  say1     
,i4 #a4 ,t s great & extraord9>y a duty 
z holy fa/+1 mu/ n  be turn$ into a m]e 
=mality or c]emony4#cdf    #b4 ,no      
p>ticul> man mu/ be s obs]vant ( a      
public1 comm&$1  anniv]s>y fa/1 z = x to
 neglect any duty comm&$ him by ,god    
:i* is inconsi/5t ) x4 ,z to rejoice or 
keep a ?anksgiv+ 9  ,l5t1 ^u an         
extraord9>y oblig+ cause2 to keep !     

,"l's day 9  ,l5t1 z a day ( ?anksgiv+ &
 rejoic+2 to pres]ve our own  heal?1 c4 
,x is n lawful 9 ob$i5ce to man1 to fa/ 
s mu*1 or  use su* diet1 z is l to      
de/roy our lives or heal?2 ^! be+  n s  
f> put into ! p[] ( man2 nor c man      
disp5se ) u z  to ! duty (              
self-pres]vation4 ,if ,god himself      
require u n to  (f] him our lives &     
heal? ne$lessly1 z an acceptable        
sacrifice1  nor ev] make?               
self-de/ruction our duty1 no nor any ?+ 
t is  n = man's own good2 !n we are n to
 believe )\t v cle>  pro( t ei!r pr9ce  
or prelates h m p[] ?an ev] ,god  do?   
use himself4    #c4 ,su* an anniv]s>y   
fa/ z is meet = ! remembrance ( "s      
great s9 or judgm5t1 if comm&$1 is to be
 kept1 bo? = !  reason ( x1 & = !       
au?ority ( ! comm&]4 ,=1 #a4 ,x is  n   
unlawful z anniv]s>y4 7,=1 7#a47 ,x is n
 =bidd51 &1 7#b47  ,!re may be j        
occasion4 ,"s arbitr>ily keep an        
anniv]s>y fa/  on ! day ( _! nativity 7z
 ,i h long done72 & "s on !  day t !y   

fell into "s great s92 & "s on ! day ( !
  dea? ( a fri5d1 or ( "s p]sonal1      
dome/ic1 or national  calamity2 & none (
 ?is is =bidd547 #b4 ,& t :i* is n      
unlawful 9 itself1 is n !re=e unlawful  
to be done because x is  comm&$2 see+   
ob$i5ce to sup]iors is our duty & n our 
s91  unless 9 s9ful ?+s4    #d4 ,:e!r x 
be lawful or meet to commemorate ,*ri/'s
 suff]+s by  anniv]s>y fa/s1 is next to 
be consid]$4    ,,ii4 ,z = ,l5t 9       
p>ticul>1 we mu/ di/+ui%1 #a4 ,betwe5 ! 
anci5t ,l5t1 & ! lat] ,l5t4 #b4 ,betwe5 
keep+ x on a civil  acc\nt1 & on a      
religi\s4 #c4 ,betwe5 true fa/+1 & *ange
 (  diet4 #d4 ,betwe5 ! imitation (     
,*ri/'s =ty days' fa/+1 &  ! m]e        
commemoration ( x4 ,:i* premis$ ,i      
conclude1    #a4 ,! keep+ a true fa/ or 
ab/95ce f food1 = =ty days1 on  :at     
acc\nt soev]1 be+ impossible1 or        
self-murd]1 is n to be  attempt$4    #b4
 ,! imitation ( ,*ri/ 9 8 =ty days' fa/+
 is n to be  attempt$ or pret5d$ to2    
because 8 miracul\s works 7 n done  =   

our imitation4 ,& x is presumption = u  
to pret5d to su* a  p[] z is necess>y to
 miracles2 or yet to make any essays at 
su*  an imitation1 any m ?an at ! rais+ 
( ! dead4    #c4 ,! pret5d+ ( a fa/ :5  
m5 d b *ange _! diet1 fle%  = fi%1      
fruit1 sweetmeats1 c4 is b hypocritical 
& ridicul\s2  mo/ poor lab\r]s1 &       
temp]ate m9i/]s1 d live all ! ye> on  a 
m fle%-d5y+ diet1 & 9 great] ab/95ce1   
?an _m  papi/s d 9 ,l5t1 or on _! fa/+  
days4 ,& :at a ridicul\s  dispute is x  
to he>1 e4 g4 a ,calv9 t nev] eate? b "o
 small  meal a day = _m ye>s1 to plead  
aga9/ ! keep+ ( ! popi%  fa/s1 & _!     
cl]gy call him voraci\s1 & c>nal1 & an  
epicure1 & plead = fa/+ z holy          
mortification1 :o eat z _m  meals & z   
mu* meat on a ,l5t day or fa/+ day1 z   
,calv9 did 9  ?ree fea/+ days2 & dr9k z 
mu* w9e 9 a ,l5t1 z he 9 tw5ty  ye>s6   
,sure ,i am ,i "k _m su* on bo? sides2  
"s t eat b a  small meal a day1 & nev]  
dr9k w9e at all1 & o!rs t dr9k  w9e     
daily1 & eat ( _m di%es at a meal1 & t  

to ! full1  & ( ! sweete/1 z fi%1       
fruits1 c4 yet rail at ! =m] =  n fa/+ z
 !y d4 ,s delusory are ! outw>d         
appe>ances1 &  s false ! pret5sions ( ! 
c>nal sort6    #d4 ,! anci5t ,l5t       
consi/$ fir/ ( "o day 7,good ,friday7   
alone2  & aft] t ( ?ree days1 & !n (    
six1 & at la/ x came up  to =ty4 7,( :i*
 read ,dallu ubi supra at l>ge47    #e4 
,none c "q ! lawfulness ( & ob$i5t keep+
 ( su* a  civil ,l5t fa/ z our /atutes  
comm&1 = ! v5d+ ( fi%1 &  = ! bre$ (    
cattle2 s be x no bodily necessity or   
great] duty  be aga9/ x4    #f4 ,x is n 
unlawful = ^? t _c totally fa/1 yet to  
use  m ab/95ce & a m mortify+ sort (    
diet ?an ord9>y1 =  ! ex]cises (        
rep5tance & mortification1 9 due "t4    
#g4 ,if au?ority %all appo9t su* a      
mortify+1 ab/emi\s c\rse  ^u lawful or  
tol]able gr\nds & ends1 ,i w obey !m1 if
 !y  p]emptorily require x1 :5 my heal? 
or "s great] duty  =bidde? x n4    #h4  
,z = ! comm&+ su* an ab/95ce1 z 9 ,l5t1 
n 9  imitation1 b b>e commemoration (   

,*ri/'s =ty days' fa/1 ,i  w\ld n comm& 
x if x 7 9 my p[]2 b be+ p]emptorily    
comm&$1 ,i _c prove x unlawful to obey1 
) !  a=e-m5tion$ exceptions4    #i4 ,x 0
 anci5tly held a crime to fa/ on ! ,"l's
 day1 ev5 9  ,l5t2 & ,i take t day to be
 sep>at$ by ,*ri/ & ! ,holy ,gho/  = a  
*ur* fe/ival or day ( ?anksgiv+2 !re=e  
,i w n  keep x z a fa/1 ?\gh ,i 7       
comm&$1 unless 9 su* an  extraord9>y    
necessity1 z a=esaid4    ,( pilgrimages1
 sa9ts1 relics1 & %r9es1 temples1 ( _!  
miracles1 ( pray+ to angels1 to sa9ts1 =
 ! dead1 purgatory1 (  ! pope's p>dons1 
indulg5ces1 disp5sations2 ( ! p[] ( true
  pa/ors to =give s9s1 ) a multitude (  
su* cases1 :i* are  commonly h&l$ 9 our 
controv]sial writ]s aga9/ ! papi/s1 ,i  
mu/ ?i!r ref] ! read] = a solution1     
because ! h&l+ (  all su* p>ticul> cases
 w\ld swell my book to a magnitude      
beyond my  int5tion1 & make ?is "p      
unsuitable to ! re/4    #cde #b ,*ron4  
xx4 #c2 ,ezra viii4 #ba2 ,jonah iii4 #e2
 ,ze*4 viii4 #ai2  ,joel ii4 #ae4 ,read 

,dallu's ,treatise de ,jejuniis4    #cdf
 ,isa4 lviii4 #c1 #e-h4      ,que/4     
,,cii4 ,may we cont9ue 9 a *ur*1 :]e "s 
"o ord9ance (  ,*ri/ is want+1 z        
discipl9e1 pray]1 prea*+1 or sacram5ts1 
?\gh we h all ! re/8    ,answ4 ,di/+ui%1
 #a4 ,( ord9ances4 #b4 ,( a /at$ want1 &
 a  tempor>y want4 #c4 ,( "o t may h    
bett]1 & "o t _c4    #a4 ,tea*+1 pray]1 
& praise1 are ord9ances ( su* necessity 
t  *ur* assemblies h n _! prop] use )\t 
!m4    #b4 ,! ,"l's supp] is ( a        
second>y ne$1 & mu/ be us$ :5 x  may1 b 
a *ur* assembly may atta9 its ends      
sometimes )\t x1  9 a good degree4      
#c4 ,discipl9e is implicitly ex]cis$ :5 
none b ! baptiz$ are  communicants1 & :5
 pr(ess$ *ri/ians volunt>ily assemble1 &
  ! prea*+ ( ! ^w do? di/+ui% ! preci\s 
f ! vile2  mu* m :5 notori\s1 sc&al\s   
s9n]s are by ! laws kept f  ! sacram5t  
7z our rubric & canons d require74      
#d4 ,b = ! full]1 explicit1 & exact]    
ex]cise ( discipl9e1  x is v desirable =
 ! well-be+ ( ! *ur*es2 b x is b  a     

/rong] f5ce or h$ge1 & pres]vative (    
sacr$ ord]2 & bo?  ! be+ ( a *ur*1 & !  
pr(itable use ( holy assemblies1 may    
subsi/ )\t x2 z 9 ,helvetia & o!r       
c\ntries x is f\nd4    ,i conclude !n1  
#a4 ,t he t1 consid]atis consid]&is1 is 
a  free man1 %\ld *oose t place :]e he  
ha? ! fulle/  opportunities ( wor%ipp+  
,god1 & edify+ 8 s\l4    #b4 ,he is n to
 be acc\nt$ a free man t _c remove1 )\t 
a  great] hurt ?an ! good1 ei!r to !    
*ur* or c\ntry1 or to 8  family1 8      
neighb\rs1 or himself4    #c4 ,)\t      
tea*+1 pray]1 & div9e praises we are n  
to reckon  t we h prop] *ur* assemblies 
& communion4    #d4 ,we mu/ d all t is 9
 our p[] to procure ! "r use (          
sacram5ts & discipl9e4    #e4 ,:5 we _c 
procure x1 x is lawful & a duty to jo9 9
 ^?  assemblies t are )\t x1 & r to     
enjoy ! re/ ?an  none4 ,few *ur*es h !  
,"l's supp] above once a mon?1 :i* 9  ! 
primitive *ur* 0 us$ e ,"l's day & (t]2 
& yet !y  meet on o!r days4#cdg    #f4  
,x is possible t prea*+1 pray]1 &       

praise1 may be s  excell5tly p]=m$ 9 "s 
*ur*es t want bo? discipl9e &  ! ,"l's  
supp]1 & all s coldly & ignorantly      
manag$ 9 ano!r  *ur* t ha? all !        
ord9ances1 t m5's s\ls may mu* m  fl\ri%
 & prosp] "u ! =m] ?an ! latt]4    #g4  
,if =be>+ or want+ "s ord9ances = a "t1 
be b 9  ord] to a probable procurem5t ( 
!m1 we may ! bett]  =be>4#cdh    #h4 ,! 
"t is n to be judg$ ( only by l5g?1 b by
 !  probability ( success4 ,= sometimes 
,god's provid5ce1 & !  di/urbances ( !  
times1 or ! craft ( m5 9 p[]1 may keep  
m5  s long 9 ! d>k1 t a long expectation
 or wait+ may become our  duty4    #cdg 
,acts xxviii4 #ca2 xi4 #bf2 xx4 #g1 #bj1
 c42 #a ,cor4 xiv42 ,acts ii4  #db2 #a  
,tim4 iv4 #ac1 #ad2 #b ,tim4 iv4 #a1 #b2
 #b ,tim4 iii4 #af2 ,heb4 x4 #be1  #bf2 
,col4 iv4 #af2 ,acts xiii4 #bg2 xv4 #ba2
 #a ,!ss4 v4 #bg2 #a ,cor4 v4 #cd1  c4  
#cdh ,matt4 xxvi4 #ca2 ,acts viii4 #a4  
,que/4 ,,ciii4 ,mu/ ! pa/ors remove f "o
 *ur* to ano!r  :5ev] ! magi/rate       
comm&e? u1 ?\gh ! bi%op contradict  x1 &

 ! *ur* cons5t n to dismiss u2 & s ( o!r
 cases (  disagreem5t8    ,answ4 ,z 9   
man's s\l1 ! intellectual guidance1 ! w1
 & !  executive p[] d concur1 s 9 *ur*  
cases ( ?is nature1 !  pote/ative       
gov]nm5t ( ! magi/rate1 ! directive     
guidance (  ! s5ior pa/ors1 & !         
attractive love ( ! p 7:o are !  *ief   
inf]ior1 f9al cause7 %\ld all concur2 & 
:5 !y d n1  x is confusion3 & :5 ,god's 
ord] is brok5 :i* comm&e? _!            
concurr5ce1 x is h>d to "k :at to d1 9  
su* a division :i*  ,god all[e? n2 z x  
is to "k :e!r ,i %\ld take "p ) !  he>t 
aga9/ ! head1 or ) ! head aga9/ ! /oma* 
&  liv]1 on suppositions ( cross        
incl9ations or int]e/s2 :5as  nature    
suppose? ei!r a concord ( incl9ation &  
int]e/1 or else  ! ru91 sickness1 or    
dea? ( ! p]son2 & ! cure mu/ be by      
reconcil+ !m1 r ?an by kn[+ :i* to side 
) aga9/  ! re/4    ,b see+ we mu/       
suppose su* diseases frequ5tly to happ51
 !y  t _c cure !m mu/ "k h[ to behave   
!mselves1 & to d  _! own duty4 ,= my own

 "p1 9 su* cases ,i w\ld d ?us3    #a4  
,i w\ld look at my ultimate end1 ,god's 
glory1 & at ! next end1  ! good ( s\ls &
 welf>e ( ! *ur*2 & s at ! p's  int]e/ z
 x is ! end ( ! ord] ( magi/racy &      
m9i/ry3 &  ,i w\ld take myself to be s  
oblig$ to t end1 z t no po9t (  m]e ord]
 c\ld disoblige me1 ! end be+ bett] ?an 
! means z  su*2 !re=e ,i w\ld d all ?+s 
to edification1 suppos+ t  all p[] ( man
 is z ,paul's 01 = edification & n =    
de/ruction4#cdi    #b4 ,b 9 judg+ ( :at 
is be/ = ! *ur*1 ,i mu/ take 9 e        
accid5t & circum/ance1 & look to _m1 m  
?an to a few1 &  to di/ant p>ts z well z
 to ^? ne> me1 & to ! "t & ages  to     
come1 z well z to ! pres5t1 & n g ^u    
mi/ak5  suppositions ( ! *ur*'s good2 he
 t do? n see all ?+s  t are to be weigh$
 9 su* a case1 may err by leav+ out "s  
"o4    #c4 ,i w\ld obey ! magi/rate     
=mally = consci5ce sake 9 all  ?+s :i*  
belong to 8 (fice2 & p>ticul>ly 9 ?is   
case1 if  x 7 b a removal f place to    
place1 9 respect to ! temple1  or ti!s1 

or = ! civil peace1 or = ! pres]vation (
 *ur*  ord] 9 cases :]e x is n grossly  
injuri\s to ! *ur* &  gospel4    #d4 ,9 
cases :i* by ,god's appo9tm5t belong to 
! conduct (  bi%ops1 or pa/ors1 or !    
concord ( consociate *ur*es1 ,i w\ld    
=malit] foll[ !m4 ,& 9 p>ticul>1 if !y  
satisfy me t  ! removal ( me is an      
app>5t injury to ! *ur*1 7z 9 !         
,arian's times1 :5 ! emp]ors remov$ !   
or?odox f all !  great *ur*es to put 9  
,arians17 ,i w\ld n ob$i5tially &       
volunt>ily remove4    #e4 ,if magi/rates
 & bi%ops %\ld concur 9 comm&+ my remove
 9  a case notori\sly injuri\s &        
p]nici\s to ! *ur*1 7z 9 !  a=esaid     
case1 to br+ 9 an ,arian17 ,i w\ld n    
obey =mally =  consci5ce sake2 suppos+ t
 ,god nev] gave !m su* a p[]  aga9/ m5's
 s\ls & ! gospel ( ,*ri/2 & !re is no   
p[]  b ( ,god4    #f4 ,b ,i w\ld pref]  
bo? ! comm& ( ! magi/rate1 & !          
direction ( ! pa/ors1 be=e ! m]e w &    
hum\r ( !  p1 :5 _! safety & welf>e 7 n 
conc]n$ 9 ! case4    #g4 ,& :5 !        

magi/rate is p]emptory1 usually ,i mu/  
obey him  mat]ially1 :5 ,i d x n =mally 
79 consci5ce to 8 m]e  comm&74 ,because 
?\gh 9 "s cases he may d t :i* belonge? 
n to 8 (fice1 b to ! pa/or's1 yet 8     
viol5ce may make x  become ! *ur*'s     
int]e/1 t ,i yield & give place to 8    
wra?2 = z ,i mu/ n resi/ him by =ce1 s  
if ,i dep>t n at  8 comm&1 x may br+ a  
great] suff]+ on ! *ur*es3 & s  =       
prev5t+ a great] evil he is to be       
submitt$ to 9 _m cases1  :]e he goe?    
aga9/ ,god & )\t au?ority2 ?\gh n to be 
=mally obey$4    #h4 ,p>ticul> *ur*es h 
no su* int]e/ 9 _! m9i/]s or  pa/ors1 z 
to keep !m aga9/ _! wills & !           
magi/rate's1 &  aga9/ ! int]e/ ( !      
univ]sal *ur*1 z %all be next  ass]t$4  
,i h spok5 to ?is in/ance z x take? 9   
all o!r cases (  diff]5ce betwe5 ! p[] (
 ! magi/rate1 ! pa/or's & !  p's int]e/1
 :5 !y disagree1 & n z to ?is case      
alone4    #cdi ,eph4 iv4 #ab1 #ad2 #b   
,cor4 x4 #h2 xiii4 #aj2 ,rom4 xiv4 #ai2 
,rom4 xv4  #b2 #a ,cor4 x4 #bc2 #a ,cor4

 xiv4 #e1 #ab1 #bf2 #b ,cor4 xii4 #ai4  
,que/4 ,,civ4 ,is a pa/or oblig$ to 8   
flock = life8 ,or is x  lawful s to     
oblige himself8 ,& may he remove )\t _! 
cons5t8  ,& s also ( a *ur* memb]1 !    
same que/ions are put4    ,^! f\r       
que/ions ,i put toge!r = brevity1 & %all
 answ] !m  di/9ctly4    ,i4 #a4 ,a m9i/]
 is oblig$ to ,*ri/ & ! univ]sal *ur* = 
life1 7durante vita17 ) ?is exception1  
if ,god disable him n4  #b4 ,b z a pa/or
 he is n oblig$ to ?is or t flock =     
life4  ,!re is no su* comm& or example 9
 ,god's ^w4    ,,ii4 ,to ! second3 #a4  
,x is lawful to oblige ourselves to a p 
=  life 9 "s cases1 conditionally2 t is1
 if ,god d n app>5tly  call u away4 #b4 
,b x is nev] lawful to d x absolutely3  
#a4  ,because we %all engage ourselves  
aga9/ ,god2 aga9/ 8 p[] ov]  u1 & int]e/
 9 u1 & 8 wisdom t mu/ guide u4 ,god may
  call u :i!r he please2 & ?\gh n[ he   
speak n by sup]natural  revelation1 yet 
he may d x by provid5tial alt]ations4   
#b4 ,& we  %all else oblige ourselves   

aga9/ ! univ]sal *ur*1 to :i* we  are m 
/rictly b\nd1 ?an to any p>ticul> *ur*1 
& ^: good  may oblige u to remove4 #c4  
,yea1 we may b9d ourselves to ! hurt (  
t *ur* itself2 see+ x may become its    
int]e/ to "p ) u4  #d4 ,& we %\ld s     
oblige ourselves aga9/ our duty to      
au?ority1  :i* may remove u4    ,,iii4  
,to ! ?ird "q ,i answ]1 #a4 ,a pa/or may
 n causelessly  remove1 nor = 8 own     
worldly commodity :5 x is to ! hurt (  !
 *ur* & h9d]ance ( ! gospel4 #b4 ,:5 he 
ha? j cause1  he mu/ acqua9t ! p ) x1 & 
seek _! satisfaction &  cons5t4 #c4 ,b  
if he _c procure x1 he may remove )\t x3
 z1  #a4 ,:5 he is sure t ! int]e/ ( !  
gospel & univ]sal  *ur* require x3 #b4  
,or t j au?ority do? oblige him to x4   
,! reasons are pla9 f :at is said2 &    
also1 #a4 ,he is no m  b\nd to ! p1 ?an 
!y are to him2 b !y are n s b\nd  to    
him1 b !y may remove on j occasion4 #b4 
,if he may n remove1  x is ei!r because 
,god =bids x1 or because 8 own contract 
)  !m ha? oblig$ him aga9/ x4 ,b1 #a4   

,god no :]e =bids x3 #b4  ,su* a        
contract is suppos$ n made1 nor lawful  
to be made4    ,,iv4 ,z to ! p's case1 x
 ne$s no o!r answ]2 #a4 ,no memb]  may  
remove )\t cause4 #b4 ,nor abruptly &   
un*>itably to !  *ur*'s dissatisfaction1
 :5 he may avoid x4 ,b1 #c4 ,he may     
remove  ^u _m j causes1 7private or     
public17 :e!r ! *ur* &  pa/ors cons5t or
 n1 s ! mann] be z become? a *ri/ian4   
,que/4 ,,cv4 ,:5 _m m5 pret5d at once to
 be ! true pa/ors ( a  p>ticul> *ur*    
aga9/ ea* o!r's title1 ?r\gh diff]5ces  
betwe5 ! magi/rates1 ! orda9]s1 & !     
flocks1 :at %\ld  ! p d1 & :om %\ld !y  
adh]e to8    ,sid5ote3 ,:at pa/or to    
adh]e to4    ,answ4 ,?is case is mo/ly  
answ]$ be=e 9 ,que/4 ,,lxxxii4 c4 ,i    
ne$ only to add ^! rules ( caution4 #a4 
,d n ^u any pret5ce  accept ( a h]etic1 
or "o t is utt]ly unfit = ! (fice4      
#b4 ,d n easily take a divid+ c\rse or  
p]son1 b keep z mu* z  may be 9 a way ( 
concord ) ! unit$1 fai?ful pa/ors &     
*ur*es 9 y\r proximity or c\ntry4    #c4

 ,look to ! public good & int]e/ (      
religion1 m ?an to y\r  p>ticul>        
congregation4    #d4 ,neglect n !       
greate/ advantages = y\r own            
edification2 b  r take !m by a removal (
 y\r dwell+1 ?\gh y suff] by  x 9 y\r   
e/ates1 ?an by any division1 di/urbance 
( ! *ur*'s  peace1 or common detrim5t4  
#e4 ,d n easily g aga9/ ! magi/rate's   
comm&s2 unless !y be  app>5tly unlawful1
 & to ! *ur*'s detrim5t or ru91 9 !     
reception ( y\r pa/ors4    #f4 ,d n     
easily =sake him t ha? be5 ju/ly receiv$
 by !  *ur*1 & ha? possession1 t is1    
till necessity require x4      ,que/4   
,,cvi4 ,to :om do? x belong to re=m a   
corrupt$ *ur*8 to  ! magi/rates1 pa/ors1
 or p8    ,answ4 ,a *ur* is re=m$ ?ree  
sev]al ways3 #a4 ,by ! p]sonal          
re=mation ( e memb]3 #b4 ,by doctr9al   
direction3 &1 #c4 ,by  public1 =cible   
execution1 & con/ra9t ( o!rs4    #a4 ,e 
memb]1 :e!r magi/rates1 pa/ors1 or p1   
mu/ re=m  !mselves1 by =sak+ all _! own 
s9s1 & do+ _! own  duties4 ,if a rul]   

comm& a private p]son to g to mass1 to  
own any  falsehood1 or to d any s91 he  
is n to be obey$1 because ,god is to  be
 fir/ obey$4    #b4 ,! bi%ops or pa/ors 
are to re=m ! *ur* by doctr9e1  repro(1 
& j exhortations1 & nunciative comm&s 9 
! "n (  ,*ri/ to rul]s & p to d _!      
sev]al duties2 & by !  actual do+ ( 8   
own4#cej    #c4 ,! k+ & magi/rates "u   
him1 only1 mu/ re=m by ! sword1  t is1  
by outw>d =ce1 & civil laws & corporal  
p5alties3 z  =cibly to break d[n images1
 to ca/ out idolat]s1 or !  in/rum5ts ( 
idolatry f ! temples1 to put true m9i/]s
 9  possession ( ! temples1 or ! legal  
public ma9t5ance2 to  de/roy1 puni%1 or 
hurt idolat]s1 c4 ,suppos+ /ill ! p[] ( 
p>5ts & ma/]s 9 _! sev]al families4     
#cej #a ,cor4 xi4 #bh1 #bi1 #ca1 #cc1   
#cd2 #a ,cor4 v4 #aa2 ,dan4 iii42 vi4 #a
  ,cor4 v4 #c-e2 #a ,pet4 v4 #b1 #c2    
,luke xxii4 #bd-bg4      ,que/4 ,,cvii4 
,:o is to call synods8 pr9ces1 pa/ors1  
or p8    ,sid5ote3 ,! "q ( ! p[] (      
synods is suffici5tly  answ]$ be=e4     

,answ4 #a4 ,!re are sev]al ways ( call+ 
synods3 #a4 ,by =ce &  civil m&ates2 #b4
 ,by pa/oral p]suasion & c\nsel2 &1 #c4 
,by  humble entreaty & petition4    #a4 
,magi/rates only 7t is1 ! supreme by 8  
own p[]1 & !  inf]ior by p[] d]iv$ f    
him7 may call synods by laws &  m&ates1 
en=c$ by ! sword or corporal p5alties1  
or mulcts4    #b4 ,bi%ops or pa/ors 9   
due circum/ances may call synods by     
c\nsel  & p]suasive invitation4    #c4  
,! p 9 due circum/ances & necessity1 may
 call synods by  way ( petition &       
entreaty4    ,b :at are ! due           
circum/ances8    ,answ4 #a4 ,! magi/rate
 may call !m by comm& at 8 discretion1  
= 8 own c\nsel1 or = ! civil peace1 or !
 *ur*'s good4    #b4 ,! pa/ors & p may n
 call !m1 nor meet :5 !  magi/rate      
=bidde? x1 except :5 ! necessity ( !    
*ur*  require? x3 synods may pr(itably  
be /at$ = ord]1 :5 x may  be lawfully   
obta9$ 7bo? z to limits ( place1 numb]s1
 & "t74  ,b ^! prud5tial ord]s are n (  
/at$ necessity1 b mu/ give  place to    

weighti] reasons on ! contr>y4    #c4   
,synods !mselves are n ord9>ily         
necess>y1 by nature or  in/itution2 7let
 him t affirme? x1 prove x27 b t :i* is 
/at$ly necess>y is1 ,! concord ( !      
*ur*es z ! end1 & a  necess>y           
correspond5cy ( ! *ur*es z ! means1 &   
synods :5  !y may well be _h1 z a       
conv5i5t sort ( means4    #d4 ,:5 synods
 _c be _h1 or are ne$less1 mess5g]s &   
lett]s  f *ur* to *ur* may keep up !    
correspond5cy & concord4    #e4 ,9 cases
 ( real necessity1 7:i* are v r>e1 ?\gh 
usefulness  be m frequ5t17 ! bi%ops & p 
%\ld fir/ petition !  k+ = 8 cons5t3 &  
if t _c be _h1 !y may meet  secretly & 9
 small numb]s1 = mutual consultation &  
advice  ab\t ! "w ( ,god2 & n by keep+  
up ! =mality ( _!  set numb]s1 times1   
places1 & ord]s1 provoke ! k+ aga9/ !m4 
#f4 ,! contempt ( synods by ! sep>ati/s1
 & ! plac+ m  p[] 9 synods ?an ev] ,god 
gave !m by o!rs1 yea1 & !  insi/+ on _! 
circum/antial ord]s1 mak+ !m l a civil  
s5ate or c\rt1 h be5 ! two extremes :i* 

h greatly injur$  & divid$ ! *ur*es1    
?r\gh\t ! _w4      ,que/4 ,,cviii4 ,to  
:om do? x belong to appo9t days &       
assemblies  = public humiliation &      
?anksgiv+8    ,answ4 ,! answ] ( ! la/ "q
 may s]ve = ?is4 #a4 ,!  magi/rate only 
may d x by way ( laws1 or civil m&ate   
en=c$ by  ! sword4    #b4 ,! pa/ors may 
d x 9 case ( necessity1 by pa/oral      
advice &  exhortation1 & nunciative     
comm& 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/4    #c4 ,! p may d 
x by petition4    #d4 ,z ord9>y *ur*    
assemblies mu/ be held if ! magi/rate   
=bid  !m1 7( :i* next17 s mu/           
extraord9>y ones1 :5 extraord9>y  causes
 make x a duty4    #e4 ,:5 ! magi/rate  
=cibly h9d]e? !m1 natural impossibility 
resolve? ! "q ab\t our duty4      ,que/4
 ,,cix4 ,may we omit *ur* assemblies on 
! ,"l's day1 if !  magi/rate =bid !m8   
,sid5ote3 ,may we omit *ur* assemblies  
on ! ,"l's day1 if  =bidd5 by           
magi/rates4    ,answ4 #a4 ,x is "o ?+ to
 =bid !m = a "t1 ^u "s  special cause1  
7z infection by pe/il5ce1 fire1 w>1 c47 

&  ano!r to =bid !m /at$ly or pr(anely4 
#b4 ,x is "o ?+ to omit !m = a "t1 &    
ano!r to d x  ord9>ily4    #c4 ,x is "o 
?+ to omit !m 9 =mal ob$i5ce to ! law2 &
  ano!r ?+ to omit !m 9 prud5ce1 or =   
necessity1 because we  _c keep !m4      
#d4 ,! assembly & ! circum/ances ( !    
assembly mu/ be  di/+ui%$4    7#a47 ,if 
! magi/rate = a great] good1 7z ! common
 safety17  =bid *ur* assemblies 9 a "t (
 pe/il5ce1 assault ( enemies1  or fire1 
or ! l necessity1 x is a duty to obey   
him4 #a4 ,because  positive duties give 
place to ^? great natural duties :i* are
  _! end3 s ,*ri/ ju/ifi$ himself & 8   
disciples' violation (  ! ext]nal re/ ( 
! sabba?4 ,= ! sabba? 0 made = man1  & n
 man = ! sabba?4 #b4 ,because           
affirmatives b9d n ad  semp]1 &         
out-(-season duties become s9s4 #c4     
,because "o ,"l's  day or assembly is n 
to be pref]r$ be=e _m1 :i* by !         
omission ( t "o are l to be obta9$4     
7#b47 ,if pr9ces pr(anely =bid holy     
assemblies & public wor%ip1  ei!r       

/at$ly1 or z a r5unciation ( ,*ri/ & our
 religion2 x  is n lawful =mally to obey
 !m4    7#c47 ,b x is lawful prud5tly to
 d t secretly = ! pres5t  necessity1 :i*
 we _c d publicly1 & to d t ) small]    
numb]s1 :i* we _c d ) great] assemblies1
 yea1 & to omit  "s assemblies = a "t1 t
 we may !reby h opportunity =  m3 :i* is
 n =mal b only mat]ial ob$i5ce4    7#d47
 ,b if x be only "s circum/ances (      
assembl+ t are  =bidd5 u1 t is ! next   
case to be resolv$4      ,que/4 ,,cx4   
,mu/ we obey ! magi/rate if he only =bid
 u  wor%ipp+ ,god 9 su* a place1 or     
c\ntry1 or 9 su* numb]s1 or  ! l8       
,sid5ote3 ,:at if we be =bidd5 only     
place1 numb]s1 c4    ,answ4 ,we mu/     
di/+ui% betwe5 su* a det]m9ation (      
circum/ances1 modes1 or accid5ts1 z     
pla9ly de/roy ! wor%ip or  ! end1 & su* 
z d n4 ,= in/ance1 #a4 ,he t sai?1 ,y   
%all  nev] assemble b once a ye>1 or    
nev] b at midnight1 or nev]  above six  
or sev5 m9utes at once1 c4 do? b det]m9e
 !  circum/ance ( "t3 b he do? x s z to 

de/roy ! wor%ip1  :i* _c s be done1 9   
consi/5cy ) its ends4 ,b he t  %all say1
 ,y %all n meet till n9e o'clock1 nor   
/ay 9 !  night1 c4 do? no su* ?+4    ,s1
 #b4 ,he t sai?1 ,y %all n assemble b at
 =ty miles'  di/ance "o f ano!r2 or y   
%all meet only 9 a room1 t w  hold b !  
tw5tie? "p ( ! *ur*2 or y %all nev]     
prea*  9 any city or popul\s place1 b 9 
a wild]ness f> f !  inhabitants1 c4 do? 
b det]m9e ! circum/ance ( place3 b he  s
 do? x1 z t5ds to de/roy or fru/rate !  
"w :i* ,god  comm&e? u4 ,b s do? n he t 
only b\nde? *ur*es by  p>i% b\nds1 or   
=bidde? inconv5i5t places4    #c4 ,s he 
t sai?1 ,y %all nev] meet "u a hundr$   
?\s&  toge!r1 or nev] above five or six1
 do? b det]m9e ! accid5t  ( numb]3 b he 
s do? x z to de/roy ! "w & end4 ,= !    
fir/ w be impossible2 & 9 ! second way  
!y mu/ keep *ur*  assemblies )\t m9i/]s1
 :5 !re is n s _m z = e  su* little     
numb] to h "o4 ,b s do? n he t only     
sai?1  ,y %all n meet above t5 ?\s&1 nor
 "u t54    #d4 ,s he t sai?1 ,y %all n  

he> a ,tr9it>ian1 b an ,arian2  or y    
%all he> only "o t _c prea* ! ess5tials 
(  religion1 or t cries d[n godl9ess    
itself2 or y %all he> none  b su* z 7   
orda9$ at ,j]usalem or ,rome1 or none b 
su* z  subscribe ! c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 c4   
do? b det]m9e :at p]son we  %all he>3 b 
he s do? x z to de/roy ! "w & end4 ,b s 
do? n he t only sai?1 ,y %all he> only  
?is able m9i/]1  r ?an t4    ,i ne$ n /&
 on ! application4 ,9 ! latt] case we   
owe =mal  ob$i5ce4 ,9 ! =m] we mu/      
suff]1 & n obey4    ,= if x be meet s to
 obey1 x is meet 9 ob$i5ce to give ov]  
,god's wor%ip4 ,*ri/ said1 ,:5 !y       
p]secute y 9 "o city1 flee  to ano!r2 b 
he nev] said1 ,if !y =bid y prea*+ 9 any
  city1 or popul\s place1 obey !m4 ,he t
 said1 ,prea* ! gospel  to e creature1 &
 to all nations1 & all ! _w1 & t  w\ld h
 all m5 to be sav$ & to come to ! k ( ! 
tru?1#cea do? n all[ u to =sake ! s\ls (
 all t dwell  9 cities & popul\s places1
 & prea* only to "s few cottag]s        
else:]e2 no m ?an he w all[ u to love1  

pity1 & relieve  ! bodies only ( ^? few1
 & take none = our neighb\rs t  dwell 9 
cities1 b ) prie/ & ,levite to pass !m  
by4    #cea ,matt4 x4 #cj2 ,m>k xvi4    
#ae2 ,matt4 xxviii4 #ai2 #a ,tim4 ii4   
#d2 #b  ,tim4 ii4 #be1 #bf2 iv4 #a-c4   
,que/4 ,,cxi4 ,mu/ subjects or s]vants  
=be> weekly lectures1  read+1 or su*    
helps1 above ! ,"l's day's wor%ip1 if   
pr9ces or  ma/]s d comm& x8    ,answ4   
#a4 ,!re is great diff]5ce betwe5 a m]e 
subject1 or p]son  gov]n$1 & a s]vant1  
slave1 or *ild4    #b4 ,!re is great    
diff]5ce betwe5 su* z are h9d]$ by j    
cause & real necessities1 & su* z are   
h9d]$ only ?r\gh  pr(ane malignity4     
7#a47 ,poor p h n s mu* leisure f _!    
call+s1 z !  ri*2 & s provid+ = _!      
families may1 at t "t1 by  necessity    
become ! great] & ! pres5t duty4        
7#b47 ,s may x be ) soldi]s1 judges1 &  
o!rs1 t h pres5t  urg5t "w ( public     
consequ5ce2 :5 o!rs h no su*  imp$im5t4 
7#c47 ,he t is ! *ild or slave ( ano!r1 
or is 8 own by  propriety1 is m at 8    

p[]1 ?an he t is only a subject1 &  s is
 b to be gov]n$ 9 ord] to 8 own & !     
common good4    7#d47 ,a s]vant t ha?   
absolutely hir$ himself to ano!r1 is =  
t "t ne> ! condition ( a slave2 b he t  
is hir$ b )  limitations1 & exceptions (
 lib]ty1 7express$ or und]/ood17  ha? "r
 to ! except$ lib]ty4    7#e47 ,if ! k+ 
=bid judges1 soldi]s1 or o!rs1 ^: lab\rs
 are  due to ! public1 to he> s]mons at 
t "t :5 !y %\ld d  _! "w1 or if p>5ts or
 ma/]s s =bid *ildr5 & s]vants1  !y mu/ 
be obey$1 :ile !y exclude n ! public    
wor%ip ( !  ,"l's own day1 nor necess>y 
pray] & duty 9 our private daily  cases4
    7#f47 ,b he t is "u su* bondage z   
h9d]e? ! ne$ful helps  ( 8 s\l1 %\ld be 
gone to a fre] place1 if lawfully he c4 
,b  a *ild1 wife1 or su* z are n free1  
mu/ tru/ on ,god's help 9  ! use ( su*  
means z he all[e? !m4    7#g47 ,a pr9ce1
 or tutor1 or s*oolma/]1 :o is n a      
proprietor (  ! p]son1 b only a gov]nor1
 is n to be obey$ =mally & =  consci5ce 
sake1 if he =bid 8 subjects or s*ol>s   

su* daily or  weekly helps = _!         
salvation z !y h great ne$ (1 & h  no   
necessity to =be>2 su* z are he>+ or    
assembl+ ) !  *ur* on ! week days at    
conv5i5t "t1 read+ ! ,scriptures  daily1
 or good books1 accompany+ ) m5 fe>+    
,god1 pray+1 c42  because ,god ha?      
comm&$ ^! :5 we c p]=m !m4      ,que/4  
,,cxii4 ,:e!r religi\s wor%ip may be    
giv5 to a creature8  & :at8    ,answ4   
,:ile ! t]ms ( ! "q rema9 ambigu\s1 x is
  uncapable ( an answ]4    #a4 ,by      
wor%ip is meant ei!r cultus 9 g5]e1 any 
hon\r express$  to ano!r2 or "s special 
act ( hon\r4 ,we mu/ und]/& !  "q 9 !   
fir/ g5]al s5se1 or else we _c answ] x1 
till  m5 tell u1 :at acts ( hon\r+ !y   
mean4    #b4 ,by religi\s is meant1 ei!r
 9 g5]al1 t :i* we are b\nd  to by ,god1
 or is done by virtue ( a religi\s1 t   
is1 a div9e  obligation1 & s is made "p 
( our religion2 t is1 ( our  ob$i5ce to 
,god3 or else by religi\s is meant      
div9e1 or t :i*  is prop]ly due to ,god4
 ,! "q mu/ be tak5 9 ! fir/  g5]al s5se2

 or else x is no "q1 b ridicul\s 7to ask
  :e!r we may give ,god's prop] wor%ip  
to a creature74    ,& s ,i answ]1 #a4   
,by way ( di/9ction4 #b4 ,( solution4   
7#a47 ,we mu/ di/+ui% betwe5 ! hon\r (  
wor%ipp+ acts ( !  m9d1 & ( ! body4     
7#b47 ,betwe5 idolatry z aga9/ ! fir/   
comm&m5t1 & idolatry or sc&al z aga9/ ! 
second4    ,af4 ,prop4 #a4 ,!re is due  
to e creature1 a true e/imation ( x     
accord+ to ! degree ( its dignity or    
goodness2 & a love  proportionable3 z   
also a belief1 a tru/1 a fe>1           
proportionable to  e man's cr$ibility1  
fidelity1 p[]1 c4    #b4 ,!re is an     
em95t degree !re=e ( e/imation1 rev]5ce1
 &  love1 & tru/1 due to good m5 above  
bad1 & to ^? 9 heav5  above ^? on e>?2 &
 a peculi> hon\r to rul]s z su*1 :i*  is
 n due to _! inf]iors4#ceb    #c4 ,?is  
is to be express$ by ! body1 by conv5i5t
 actions4    #d4 ,! highe/ hon\r :i* we 
owe to any1 is = ! image ( ,god 9  !m2  
viz4 #a4 ,8 natural image1 z m54 #b4 ,8 
moral image1 z  sa9ts4 #c4 ,8 relative  

image ( sup]em95cy1 z sup]iors4 ,& s  x 
is ,god 9 !m fir/1 & !y next z ! images 
( ,god1 :o are  to be hon\r$4    #e4    
,!re is no hon\r to be giv5 to any      
creature1 b t ( :i*  ,god himself is !  
end2 viz4 z x ref]re? to 8 glory4    #f4
 ,!re=e all hon\r giv5 to m5 mu/ be ?us 
f> religi\s hon\r  7or wor%ip72 = z all 
?+s are sanctifi$ to & by sa9ts1 s  all 
?+s t religi\s m5 d1 mu/ be religi\sly  
done4#cec    #g4 ,z p]sons1 s places1   
books1 words1 ut5sils1 times1 c4 mu/ be 
hon\r$ = ,god's sake1 z !y are relat$ to
 ,god1 ) su*  e/imations & expressions z
 are suitable to _! relations4    ,neg4 
#a4 ,no creature mu/ be e/eem$ to be a  
god2 nor any ( ,god's  prop] attributes 
or hon\r giv5 to any creature :atsoev]4 
#b4 ,no creature mu/ be e/eem$ bett]1 or
 great]1 or wis]1 ?an x  is 7z f> z we h
 means to "k x74    #c4 ,:atsoev] outw>d
 expressions ( hon\r 7by ^w or de$7 are 
appropriat$ to ! true ,god1 #a4 ,by     
div9e in/itution2 #b4 ,or by  nature2   
#c4 ,or by receiv$ usage1 t expression (

 hon\r ought n  to be us$ to a creature1
 7 ! he>t nev] s free f hon\r+  x4 7#a47
 ,because x is bodily idolatry3 7#b47 ,&
 sc&al z be+  idolatry int]pretatively1 
9 ! j s5se ( o!rs4#ced    #d4 ,:atsoev] 
outw>d expressions ( hon\r idolat]s h   
us$1 &  d use1 to signify _! inw>d      
idolatry1 or tak+ a creature or a       
fiction to be ,god1 & s make x a tess]a1
 or symbol1 or  pr(ess+ sign ( t _!     
idolatry1 if ^? actions are s us$  or   
e/eem$ among u1 or )9 ! notice ( our    
actions1 x is  unlawful = u to use ! l  
to any creature4 ,because ! use (  _!   
expression make? x to be a pr(ession (  
idolatry by u1 &  s to be int]pretative 
idolatry & sc&al2 = to use pr(ess+      
symbols is to pr(ess4    ,except :5 !re 
is "s notori\s reason to use ! same     
words or  actions to ano!r lawful       
signification1 :i* is ( great] weight   
?an ! sc&al2 & we make x z public to    
obviate ! sc&al1  t we d x n to !       
idolat]'s int5ts4    ,= example1 ,if !  
,mahometans make x a symbol ( _!        

religion1 to  say1 ,god is b "o1 ^u a   
false supposition t ! *ri/ians make  m  
gods ?an "o2 yet x is lawful = u to use 
t symbolical  ^w to a bett] end4 ,b if  
!y add to _! symbol1 & ,mahomet is  8   
prophet1 we may n use t1 because x is1  
#a4 ,symbolical ( a  false religion2 #b4
 ,& a falsehood ( itself4    ,s if !y   
make x a di/9ctive note ( _! religi\s   
meet+s1 to  congregate ! p by voice & n 
by bells1 :5 x w be tak5  = a pr(ess+ _!
 religion to d ! same1 we mu/ avoid x2 b
  n :5 !re is great cause = x1 7z if we 
h no o!r means17  & ! reason aga9/ x or 
sc&al may be well avoid$4    #e4 ,image 
wor%ip1 7or b[+ or o!rwise wor%ipp+     
t[>ds an image  z an object17 9 ! "t (  
div9e wor%ip1 or :5 we o!rwise  pret5d  
to be wor%ipp+ ,god1 is s gross an      
appe>ance ( inw>d  idolatry1 7ei!r z    
visibly describ+ ,god to be l a         
creature1 or  else z seem+ to mean :at  
idolat]s did by t action17 t ,god  ha?  
?\ght meet to =bid x to all mank9d by a 
special law4  7,comm&4 #b47    #f4 ,!   

sc&al ( seem+ idolatry is a he9\s s91 & 
n to be  excus$ by ! contr>y mean+ ( !  
he>t1 no m ?an ly+1  idolatr\s          
pr(essions are4 ,because to blaspheme   
,god z if he 7  l a creature1 or to tell
 ! _w by our actions t a creature  is   
,god1 are bo? v he9\s4 ,& s is x to     
murd] our bre?r5's  s\ls1 by tempt+ !m  
to ! l4#cee    #g4 ,x is no appe>ance ( 
idolatry to kneel to a k+1 or a fa!r1 or
  sup]ior1 :5 we are pr(ess+ no?+ b to  
hon\r !m ) due  hon\r4 ,b :5 ! *ur*     
assemble? pr(ess$ly to wor%ip ,god1 if  
!n !y mix expressions ( v5]ation to     
angels1 & sa9ts 9  heav51 or to a k+1 or
 any creature1 9 _! wor%ipp+ ( ,god1    
)\t a v notori\s signification (        
suffici5t diff]5ce1 x  w seem a jo9+ !m 
9 "p ( ! same div9e hon\r4#cef    #h4 ,s
 we may put (f our hats to ! *air (     
/ate1 or k+'s image1  yea & kneel t[>ds 
x z to him1 if ! comm& is 9 due "t &    
place1 :5 x is human wor%ip only :i* we 
pr(ess4 ,b to kneel or  b[ z an act (   
hon\r t[>ds ! image ( k+1 sa9ts1 or     

angels1  9 ! "t ( our pr(ess$ wor%ipp+ (
 ,god1 is sc&al\s1 & an  appe>ance t we 
give !m a "p ( t :i* we are giv+ to     
,god4    #i4 ,yet x is n unlawful ev5 9 
! sacr$ assemblies1 to b[ to our        
sup]ior at our entrance1 or go+ out1 or 
9 ! int]vals ( ,god's  wor%ip2 because !
 "t1 & cu/om1 & mann] may suffici5tly   
notify ! di/9ction1 & prev5t ! sc&al4   
#aj4 ,if any presumptu\s cl]gyman on    
pret5ce ( _! au?ority1 w  br+ images    
into ! *ur*es1 & set !m be=e u 9 div9e  
wor%ip1 z objects only ( remembrance1 & 
means ( excit+ our  affections to ,god1 
t !y may %[ quam proxime se acc$]e posse
  ad peccatum s9e peccato1 h[ ne> !y c  
come to s9 )\t s91  x is n meet = any   
good *ri/ians to foll[ !m 9 _!          
presumption1 nor by obey+ !m to invite  
!m to proce$ 9 _!  *ur* tyranny4#ceg    
,?\gh ,i n[ det]m9e n1 :e!r 9 case (    
necessity1 a man may n be pres5t ) su* a
 *ur*1 if _!  wor%ip ( ,god himself be  
s\nd1 suppos+ him suffici5tly to notify 
8 diss5t1 & t he d n himself sc&al\sly  

direct 8  wor%ip t[>d su* images4 7,z 9 
! ,lu!ran *ur*es we may  suppose !y d   
n47    #ceb ,psal4 xv #d4    #cec #a    
,tim4 iv4 #e2 ,tit4 i4 #ae2 #a ,cor4 x4 
#ad2 #a ,pet4 iv4 #c4    #ced #a ,cor4  
vi4 #i2 x4 #ag2 ,rev4 xxi4 #h2 xxii4    
#ae2 ,acts xvii4 #af2 ,gal4  v4 #bj2    
,second comm&m5t2 ,rev4 xxii4 #h1 #i2   
ii4 #ad1 #bj2 #a ,cor4 viii42  x4 #ai1  
#bh2 #a ,john v4 #ba2 ,dan4 iii4    #cee
 ,rom4 xi4 #d2 #a ,k+s xix4 #ah2 ,rev4  
xxii4 #h1 #i2 ,jo%4 xxiii4 #g2 #b  ,k+s 
xvii4 #ce2 ,exod4 xx4 #e4    #cef ,g54  
xxvii4 #bi2 xxxii4 #aj2 xliv4 #h2 ,exod4
 xi4 #h2 #b ,k+s v4 #ah2  ,g54 xli4 #dc2
 ,ru? ii4 #aj2 #a ,sam4 xxv4 #bc1 #da4  
#ceg ,lev4 xxvi4 #a2 ,gal4 ii4 #d1 #e2  
v4 #a2 #a ,cor4 vii4 #bc4      ,que/4   
,,cxiii4 ,:at images1 & :at use (       
images1 is lawful or  unlawful8         
,answ4 #a4 ,x is unlawful to make any   
image ( ,god4 ,because x w\ld  be a     
blasphem+ ( him1 z pret5d+ him to be l  
to t :i* he  is n l to1 t is1 a         
creature4#ceh    ,object4 ,man is ,god's

 image3 x is lawful to make an image (  
man2  & s an image ( ,god's image1 & t  
may be a second>y image (  ,god4        
,answ4 #a4 ,x is ! s\l ( man1 ( :i* no  
image c be drawn or  made1 :i* is !     
image ( ,god1 & n ! body4 #b4 ,! image (
 him  :o secundum quid z to ! s\l is    
,god's image1 is n ,god's  image1 b     
man's quoad corpus z to ano!r "p4 ,we   
ne$ n  cont5d mu* ab\t ! "n1 :e!r ?is   
may be call$ a remote image  ( ,god     
7?\gh und\bt$ly unfit74 ,b we mu/ n     
really take x to  be l him1 or use x = 8
 image4    ,object4 ,god ha? impr9t$ 8  
image on ! :ole creation2 e4 g4 he  is  
call$ a consum+ fire2 !re=e fire may be 
pictur$ z 8  image4    ,answ4 ,! same   
answ] s]ve? z to ! =m] objection4 ,& x  
is  n all ! impressions & ve/igia (     
,god's p[]1 wisdom1 &  goodness1 :i* are
 call$ 8 image2 z ! h\se is n ! image ( 
! build]1 or a clock ( a clock-mak]1 c4 
,& if ,god be  metaphorically call$     
fire1 z he is call$ a lion1 c4 because (
 !  similitude ( "s op]ation or effect1 

x foll[e? n t ^!  are 8 image2 mu* less 
t ! image ( ^! is 8 image4    #b4 ,no   
image may be made to be a tea*] ( lies2 
z we may n lie by  words1 s nei!r by    
images4 ,!re=e false /ories1 or false   
images  ( realities1 :5 made z true1 &  
pret5d$ to be true images or            
repres5tations1 are unlawful4    #c4    
,!re=e x is unlawful to make an image ( 
a _s1 pret5d+  x to be a true image4    
,because x w be a lie4    #d4 ,x is     
unlawful s to make1 place1 or use any   
image1 z is l to  d m h>m ?an good4     
#e4 ,!re=e x is unlawful s to make1     
place1 or use !m1 z t  !y are l to tempt
 a man to any s91 unless necessity = "s 
great] good require x4 7,( :i* m anon47 
#f4 ,!re=e all images ( su* idols or    
feign$ deities are unlawful1  z are l to
 be any temptation to any to believe 9  
!m1 or wor%ip  !m4    #g4 ,!re=e also   
all images ( su* creatures z o!rs use to
 give  unlawful wor%ip or hon\r to1 are 
unlawful :5 !y are l to be a  temptation
 to u or o!rs to d ! l4 ,z among papi/s 

! image  ( ! crucifix1 ! virg9 ,m>y1 &  
angels may n be made1 plac$1  or us$ s z
 may tempt any to wor%ip !m s9fully z !y
 use to  d4    #h4 ,! image ( an        
ov]-hon\r$ or falsely hon\r$ p]son1     
7?\gh  n ador$17 may n be s made1 plac$1
 or us$1 z t5de? to tempt  o!rs also to 
su* hon\r4 ,z ( ,mahomet1 or ,apollonius
 7z ,alex&]  ,sev]us plac$ him & o!rs1 )
 ,abraham & ,*ri/1 9 8  l>>ium or       
*apel74 ,& _m give too mu* hon\r by     
images to  ,alex&]1 ,cs>1 & su* o!r     
great ?ieves & murd]]s (  mank9d4    #i4
 ,x is unlawful to make lascivi\s images
 ( nak$ p]sons1 &  place or use !m s1 z 
t5de? to be a temptation to lu/ or      
immode/y4 ,a common s9 ( p]sons (       
unclean imag9ations4    #aj4 ,x is also 
unlawful s to repres5t plays1 pomp\s    
hon\rs1  spl5did clo?+ or build+s1 z    
t5de? m to tempt ! behold]s  to s9ful   
desires1 ?an to any good4    #aa4 ,x is 
unlawful to place images 9 *ur*es or 9  
secret be=e our  eyes :5 we are wor%ipp+
 ,god1 :5 x t5de? to corrupt !          

imag9ation1 or by possess+ x1 to h9d] ! 
spiritual ex]cise (  ! m9d4 ,:i* is !   
ord9>y effect ( images4    #ab4 ,x is   
unlawful to use images sc&al\sly1 z any 
( ! a=esaid  s9n]s use !m1 ?\gh we d x n
 ) ! same int5t4 ,t is1  s to use !m1 z 
is int]pretatively or 9 outw>d appe>ance
 !  same ) _! use2 because by s do+ we  
%all di%on\r ,god z  !y d1 & h>d5 !m 9  
s94 ,!re=e images 9 *ur*es or           
oratories1 9 ^? c\ntries :]e o!rs use !m
 s9fully1 or ne>  su* c\ntries :]e !    
same may h>d5 m5 9 _! s91 is evil4      
#ac4 ,x is unlawful to make talismans or
 %apes1 ^u false  suppositions t ! v    
%ape naturally dispose? ! matt] to      
receive su* influ5ces ( ! />s1 by :i* x 
%all pres]ve m5  f plagues1 fire1 wild  
bea/s1 s]p5ts1 diseases1 or %all        
o!rwise "w wond]s2 = :i* ,gaff>el va9ly 
pleade? at l>ge2  su* z !y call         
naturally magical & *>m+ %apes4    #ad4 
,mu* m unlawful is x purposely to make  
%apes to be symbols or  in/rum5ts by :i*
 ! devil %all op]ate1 :e!r x be = good  

or evil2 x be+ unlawful s f> to use him4
    #ae4 ,s is x to make su* %apes1 on  
conceit t ,god or good angels  w op]ate 
9 or by !m4 ,z "s use ! cross or o!r    
images1 to  def5d !m f devils1 to cure !
 too?-a*e or o!r diseases1 or  su* l    
use2 :5 ,god ha? nei!r appo9t$ any su*  
means to be  us$1 = su* ends1 nor       
promis$ any su* bless+ or op]ation by   
!m4    #af4 ,x is unlawful to place !   
image ( a tutel>y sa9t or angel 9  h\se1
 *ur*1 or t[n1 on supposition t we %all 
be ! saf]  :ile t image is !re plac$2 or
 else to pr(ess our tru/ 9 t  p>ticul>  
gu>dian4 ,because no man kn[e? :at angel
 ,god do? make  8 gu>dian1 nor c we     
di/+ui% !m2 mu* less t he make?  su* or 
su* a sa9t our gu>dian4 ,& m5's own     
7fooli%7 *oos+  su* a "o to be _!       
gu>dian1 w n make !m s4 ,nor ha? ,god   
appo9t$ or promis$ to bless any su*     
imag]y4    #ag4 ,x is s9ful to use su*  
amor\s images ( ! p]sons t[>ds  :om y\r 
lu/ is k9dl$1 z t5de? to increase or    
keep up t  lu/1 or to make pr(ession or 

o/5tation ( x4 ,z lu/ful p]sons  use to 
c>ry or keep ! pictures ( ^? on :om !y  
dote4    #ah4 ,x is unlawful to make su*
 use ( ! pictures ( our deceas$  fri5ds1
 z t5de? to increase our inord9ate sorr[
 = !m4    #ai4 ,x is unlawful to make   
su* images1 monum5ts1 or memorials ( !  
be/ & holie/ p]sons or m>tyrs1 z may    
endang] or tempt m5 to  any inord9ate   
v5]ation (1 or confid5ce 9 ! p]sons     
hon\r$4    #bj4 ,inw>d images ( ,god    
impr9t$ on ! fantasy are s9ful3 & s  are
 o!r su* false & s9ful images z         
a=e-m5tion$1 ?\gh !y  be n made         
ext]nally = ! use ( ! eye4    #ba4 ,i   
?9k x is unlawful to make an image1 or  
any equal in/itut$  sign1 to be ! public
 common symbol ( ! *ri/ian religion     
7?\gh  x be b a pr(ess+ sign72 because  
,god hav+ already in/itut$  ! symbols or
 public tess] ( our *ri/ian pr(ession or
  religion1 x is usurpation to d ! l )\t
 8 commission4 ,z  ! k+ hav+ made ! we>+
 ( a ,george & /> ! badge ( !  ord] ( ! 
g>t]1 w\ld take x ill1 if any %all make 

ano!r  badge ( ! ord]1 mu* m if !y      
impose x on all ( ! ord]3  ?\gh ,i      
presume n to condemn x4    #a4 ,all     
images pa9t$ or engrav5 are n unlawful2 
= ,god himself  comm&$ & all[$ ! use (  
_m 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,& ,*ri/          
repreh5de? n ,cs>'s image on 8 co94#cei 
#b4 ,! civil use ( images 9 co9s1       
sign-po/s1 bann]s1 ornam5ts (  build+s1 
or ( books1 or *amb]s1 or g>d5s1 is n   
unlawful4    #c4 ,z ! ^w image is tak5 9
 g5]al = signs1 !re is no  "q b !y are  
frequ5tly to be us$2 z all a man's words
 are  ! images1 t is1 ! signifi]s ( 8   
m9d2 & all a man's  writ+s are ! same   
made visible4 ,x is !re=e a bl9d1       
conf\nd+ error ( "s n[ among u 7o!rwise 
v sob]1 good  m57 :o accuse all =ms (   
pray] & ( prea*+ z s9ful1  because 7say 
!y7 !y are idols1 or images ( pray] & ( 
prea*+2 !y are nei!r engrav5 nor pa9t$  
images ( any  creature2 b all words are 
or %\ld be signs ( ! speak]'s m9d4  ,&  
if y w secundum quid call only ! inw>d  
desires by !  "n ( pray]1 !n ! words are

 ! signs ( su* pray]4 ,b  because pray] 
9 ! full s5se is desire express$1 !re=e 
!  expressions are n ! signs ( su*      
pray]1 b "p ( ! pray]  itself1 z ! body 
is ( ! man3 nor is a =m1 t is           
=e-conceiv$ or prem$itat$ words1 7:e!r 9
 m9d or writ+17  any m an image ( pray]1
 ?an extemporate pray] is4 ,all words   
are  signs1 b nev] ! m = be+ prem$itat$ 
or writt54 ,&  accord+ to ?is op9ion1   
all books are s9ful images1 & all s]mon 
notes1 & ! pr9t+ ( ! ,bible itself1 &   
all pi\s lett]s (  "o fri5d to ano!r1 & 
all cate*isms3 /rang]s w h>dly  believe1
 t s mon/r\s an op9ion z ?is1 %\ld 9 ^! 
v  in/ances be ma9ta9$1 by m5 o!rwise s 
und]/&+ & truly  godly1 & e way         
blameless1 z h & d ma9ta9 x at ?is  day4
    #d4 ,! mak+ & us+ ( ! image ( ,*ri/1
 z born1 liv+1  prea*+1 walk+1 dy+1 7a  
crucifix17 ris+1 asc5d+1 is n  unlawful 
9 itself1 ?\gh any ( ! =em5tion$        
accid5ts may make  x s 9 su* cases4 ,z  
,*ri/ 0 man l "o ( u1 s he may be       
pictur$ z a man4    ,object4 ,8 div9e   

nature & human s\l are ,*ri/1 & ^!  _c  
be pictur$2 !re=e an image ( ,*ri/ _c be
 made4    ,answ4 ,x is n ! "n1 b ! ?+   
:i* ,i speak (3 *oose  :e!r y w call x  
an image ( ,*ri/ secundum corpus1 or an 
image ( ,*ri/'s body4 ,y _c picture !   
s\l ( a man1 & yet  y may draw ! picture
 ( a man's body4    #e4 ,x is a great "p
 ( a believ]'s "w1 to h ,*ri/'s image  v
 mu* ^u 8 imag9ation1 & s ^u 8 m9d4#cfj 
,z if he  saw him 9 ! mang]1 9 8        
temptations1 9 8 prea*+1 9 8  pray+1    
wat*+1 fa/+1 weep+1 do+ good1 z cr[n$ ) 
?orns1 z crucifi$1 c42 t a crucifi$     
,savi\r be+ /ill z x  7 be=e our eyes1  
we may rememb] ! price ( our r$emption1 
&  ! example :i* we h to imitate2 & t we
 are n to live l  a ,dives or a ,cs>1 b 
l ! s]vants ( a crucifi$ ,*ri/4 ,a      
crucifix well befitte? ! imag9ation &   
m9d ( a believ]4    #f4 ,x is a great "p
 ( true godl9ess1 to see ,god's image 9 
!  glass ( ! creation2 to love & hon\r 8
 image on 8 sa9ts1 &  all ! impressions 
( 8 p[]1 wisdom1 & goodness on all 8    

works2 & to love & hon\r him z appe>+ 9 
!m4#cfa    #g4 ,x is lawful on j        
occasion1 to make ! image ( fire or     
light  z signify+ ! inaccessible light 9
 :i* ,god is said to dwell1  & ! glory 9
 :i* he w appe> to ! bless$ 9 heav54#cfb
  ,= by _m su* resemblances ! ,scripture
 sette? ^! =?1 9  ,rev4 i4 xxi4 xxii4 c4
 ,& ,moses saw ,god's back p>ts1 viz4 a 
creat$  glory4    #h4 ,x is lawful to   
repres5t an angel on j occasions1 9 su* 
a  lik5ess z angels h assum$ 9          
app>itions2 or z !y are  describ$ 9     
,ezekiel or else:]e 9 ,scripture2 s be x
 we take x  n = an image ( _! true      
spiritual nature1 b an improp]          
repres5tation ( !m1 l a metaphor 9      
spee*4#cfc    #i4 ,x is lawful          
7seasonably & 9 fit circum/ances7 to use
 images1  #a4 ,= memory1 #b4 ,= cle>]   
appreh5sion1 #c4 ,= m passionate        
affection1 ev5 9 religi\s cases2 :i* is 
commonly call$ !  hi/orical use ( !m4 ,=
 ^! ends ! ,g5eva ,bible1 & "s  o!r1 h !
 ,scripture hi/ories 9 pr9t$ images2 to 

%[ !  papi/s t x is n all images1 or all
 use ( !m1 t !y 7  aga9/4 ,& s m5 7 wont
 to picture ,dives 9 8 fea/+1 )  ,laz>us
 9 rags1 ov] _! tables1 to m9d !m ( !   
s9fulness (  s5suality4 ,& s ! sacr$    
hi/ories are ord9>ily pa9t$1 z  useful  
ornam5ts ( rooms1 :i* may pr(it !       
spectators4    #aj4 ,?us x is lawful to 
hon\r ! memory ( le>n$1 great1 &        
virtu\s p]sons1 sa9ts & m>tyrs1 by keep+
 _! images2 & by  ! behold+ ( !m to be  
rememb]$ ( our duty1 & excit$ to        
imitation ( !m4#cfd    #aa4 ,x is lawful
 to use hi]oglyphics1 or images express+
 virtues  & vices1 z m5 commonly make   
images to deciph] prud5ce1  temp]ance1  
*>ity1 =titude1 ju/ice1 c4 & envy1 slo?1
 pride1  lu/1 c4 ,z !y d ( ! five s5ses1
 & ! f\r seasons ( !  ye>1 & ! sev]al   
p>ts ( man's age1 & ! sev]al ranks &    
qualities ( p]sons1 c4    #ab4 ,?us x is
 lawful to repres5t ! devil1 & idols1 :5
 x  t5de? b to make !m odi\s4 ,= z we   
mu/ n take _! names  into our m\?s1     
,psal4 xvi4 #d2 ,exod4 xxiii4 #ac2 ,eph4

 v4 #c2 t is1  :5 x t5de? to hon\r !m1  
or tempt m5 to x2 & yet may "n  !m z    
,elias did 9 scorn1 or z ! prophets did 
by repro( ( s92  s is x also 9 mak+     
repres5tations ( !m4 ,ev5 z a drunk>d   
may be pa9t$ 9 8 fil? & folly to br+    
%ame & odium on !  s94    #ac4 ,x is    
lawful to use hi]oglyphics in/ead (     
lett]s1 9 tea*+  *ildr51 or 9 lett]s to 
fri5ds2 or to make images to /& z       
*>act]s in/ead ( words1 & s to use !m   
ev5 ab\t sacr$  ?+s4    #ad4 ,z x is    
lawful to use arbitr>y pr(ess+ signs ev5
 ab\t holy  ?+s1 :i* signify no m ?an   
words1 & h by nature or cu/om  an       
aptitude to su* a use2 :ile x is ext5d$ 
no fur!r1 ?an to  op5 our own m9ds2 s x 
may be lawful to use su* a *>act]i/ical 
or hi]oglyphical image to t end1 :5 x   
ha? ! same aptitude1  b n o!rwise4 ,z a 
circul> figure or r+ be+ a hi]oglyphic  
( p]petuity1 & s ( con/ancy1 is us$ z a 
significant  pr(ession ( con/ancy 9     
m>riage2 & s ! receiv+ ( ea*  o!r's     
picture might be us$4 ,& s 9 cov5ant+1  

or tak+ an  oa?1 ! pr(ess+ sign is left 
to ! cu/om ( ! c\ntry2  :e!r we signify 
our cons5t by ge/ure1 words1 action1    
writ+4 ,&  z x is lawful to make an     
image on a seal :i* ha? a sacr$         
signification1 7z a flam+ he>t on an    
alt>1 a ,bible1 a pray+  sa9t1 c47 z    
well z to write a religi\s motto on a   
seal2 s x is  lawful to put ?is seal to 
a subscrib$ cov5ant ) ,god & 8  *ur*1 or
 our k+ & c\ntry1 :5 we h a lawful call 
to seal  su* a cov5ant4#cfe ,b if law or
 cu/om w\ld make su* a seal to  be !    
common public badge or symbol ( !       
*ri/ian religion1 ,i  ?9k x w\ld become 
unlawful4    ,z ! crucifix = aught ,i "k
 might ?us h be5 arbitr>ily us$  z a    
seal1 or z a transi5t1 arbitr>y pr(ess+ 
sign1 z ! cross  0 by ! anci5ts at !    
beg9n+4 ,if any man _h scorn$ me =      
believ+ 9 a crucifi$ ,*ri/1 ,i "k n b ,i
 might h made a  crucifix by art1 act1  
or ge/ure1 to tell him t ,i am n a%am$ (
  ,*ri/2 z well z ,i may tell him s by  
^w ( m\?4 ,b if m5's  in/itution or     

cu/om %all make ?is a symbol or badge ( 
a  *ri/ian1 & twi/ x 9 baptism1 or adjo9
 x1 z a d$icat+  sign1 & z ! common     
pr(ess+ symbol t e baptiz$ p]son  mu/   
use1 to signify & decl>e t he is n a%am$
 ( ,*ri/  crucifi$1 b believe? 9 him1 & 
w manfully fight "u 8  bann] aga9/ !    
fle%1 ! _w1 & ! devil to ! dea?3  ?\gh  
he call x b a pr(ess+ sign1 & say1 he   
do? b signify  8 own m9d1 & n ,god's act
 & grace2 ,i %\ld wi% to  di/+ui% betwe5
 a private or arbitr>y act ( pr(ession1 
& a  common public badge & pr(ess+      
symbol ( our religion2 & tell  him t ,i 
?9k ! in/itut+ ( ! latt] belongs to ,god
 alone2  & t he ha? made two sacram5ts  
to t end2 :i* sacram5ts are  ess5tially 
su* symbols & badges ( our pr(ession1 & 
are  d$icat+ signs on ! receiv]'s "p2 & 
t ,*ri/ crucifi$ is  ! *ief grace or    
m]cy giv5 to ! *ur*1 & 8 sacrifice is 8 
own act3 & !re=e objectively1 ! grace1 &
 act ( ,god also1 is  "h signifi$2 &    
!re=e on two acc\nts set toge!r1 ,i fe> 
?is use ( ! crucifix is a s93 #a4 ,z x  

is an image1 7?\gh x  %\ld be transi5t17
 us$ z a m$ium 9 ,god's wor%ip1 & s     
=bidd5 9 ! second comm&m5t 7= x is n a  
m]e circum/ance  ( wor%ip1 b an outw>d  
act ( wor%ip74 #b4 ,because x is a new  
human sacram5t1 or ha? too mu* ( !      
ess5ce ( a sacram5t1 &  s is a          
usurpation ( 8 pr]ogative t made !      
sacram5ts3 = z  ,i said1 x belonge? to !
 k+ to make ! common badge or symbol (  
8 own subjects1 or any ord] hon\r$ by   
him4 ,& ! g5]al give?  out 8 own col\rs2
 & ?\gh "o may arbitr>ily we> ano!r     
col\r1 yet if any %all give out common  
col\rs to 8 army1  regim5t1 or troop    
beside 8 own1 to be ! symbol or badge ( 
8  soldi]s1 ,i ?9k he w\ld take x = too 
mu* boldness4 ,yet if only  an inf]ior  
capta9 gave b subord9ate col\rs1 n to   
notify a  soldi] ( ! army z su*1 b to   
di/+ui% 8 troop f !  re/1 x 7 n s mu* z 
! o!r3 s if a bi%op or rul] did  b make 
su* a symbol by :i* ! *ri/ians ( 8 *>ge 
might be  disc]n$ f all o!rs1 & n z a   
badge ( *ri/ianity itself1  ?\gh ,i "k  

no reason = su* di/9ction1 & x may be   
faulty  o!rwise1 yet w\ld x n be ?is    
usurp+ ( sacram5tal  in/itution1 :i* n[ 
,i speak (4 ,all pr(ess+ signs are n    
symbols ( *ri/ianity4 ,*ri/ ha? done 8  
own "w well already2  8 col\rs1         
sacram5ts1 or symbols are suffici5t2 we 
ne$ n devise  m1 & accuse 8 in/itutions 
( insuffici5cy2 nor make m "w  =        
ourselves 9 religion1 :5 we leave undone
 s mu* t he ha?  made u4    #ae4 ,all   
abuse ( images w n w>rant u to sep>ate f
 !  *ur* :i* abuse? !m2 nor is all su*  
abuse1 idolatry4 ,if !  *ur* or our     
rul]s w aga9/ our w place images        
inconv5i5tly  9 *ur*es1 we may lawfully 
be !re1 s t !y be n symbols (  idol     
wor%ip1 or ( a religion or wor%ip s     
s9ful 9 ! sub/ance1  z t ,god w n accept
 x2 & s be x we make no s9ful use (  ^? 
inconv5i5t images ourselves4 ,?\gh m]e  
temptation &  sc&al make !m s9ful 9 ^? t
 s abuse !m1 & set !m up2  yet he t is n
 ! au?or ( t temptation or sc&al1 may n 
=sake ,god's wor%ip1 because t su* ?+s  

are pres5t1 nor is to  be int]pret$ a   
cons5t] to !m1 :ile he come? only ab\t  
lawful  wor%ip 7& p]haps ha? fit        
opportunity at o!r times to pr(ess  8   
diss5t74    #af4 ,x is lawful to pres]ve
 ! hone/ & sob] love to our fri5ds1  by 
keep+ _! pictures2 or to %[ our love by 
dec5t monum5ts4    #ag4 ,:]e we may use 
creatures !mselves to pr(it u by !      
sight1  we may 7ord9>ily7 use ! images (
 ^? creatures4 ,z ! sight (  trees1     
fruits1 cities1 c4 may delight u1 & m9d 
u ( ! p[]1  wisdom1 & goodness ( ,god   
7or ! sight ( ! sun1 moon1 />s1  c472 s 
may ! pictures ( ! same ?+s4 ,& z a dead
 body1  skeleton1 or skull1 may         
pr(itably m9d u ( our latt] end2 s may  
! picture ( any ( ^!1 :i* we may m      
conv5i5tly keep4    #ah4 ,x is n        
unlawful to pray be=e or t[>ds an image1
 9 a room  :]e images are plac$ only =  
ornam5t1 & we h no respect to  !m z a   
m$ium or object ( our wor%ip 7except by 
accid5t z  a=esaid74    #ai4 ,x is n    
unlawful to make an image 7out ( ! cases

 (  accid5tal evil be=e nam$7 to be     
objectum vel m$ium excitans ad  cultum  
,dei1 an object or m$ium ( our          
consid]ation1 excit+ our  m9ds to wor%ip
 ,god4 7,z a dea?'s-head1 or a crucifix1
 or an  hi/orical image ( ,*ri/ or "s   
holy man1 yea1 ! sight ( any (  ,god's  
creatures1 may be s holily us$1 z to /ir
 up 9 u a  wor%ipp+ affection1 & s is   
m$ium cultus excitans vel  effici5t]47  
,b no creature1 or image1 7,i ?9k17 may 
lawfully be  made ! m$ium cultum vel    
t]m9us1 9 g5]e caus f9alis1 a  wor%ipp$ 
m$ium1 or ! t]m9us1 or ! ?+ :i* we      
wor%ip  m$iately1 on pret5ce ( repres5t+
 ,god1 & t we wor%ip him 9  x           
ultimately4 ,& ?is ,i take to be ! ?+   
=bidd5 directly 9  ! second comm&m5t2   
viz4 ,to wor%ip a creature 7) m9d or    
body7  9 ! act ( div9e wor%ip1 z        
repres5t+ ,god1 or z ! m$iate  t]m ( our
 wor%ip1 by :i* we s5d x unto ,god1 z if
 x 7 !  m acceptable to him4 ,s t x is  
lawful by ! sight ( a  crucifix to be   
provok$ to wor%ip ,god2 b x is unlawful 

to (f]  him t wor%ip1 by (f]+ x to !    
crucifix fir/1 z ! sign1  way1 or means 
( our s5d+ x to ,god4    #bj4 ,yet a    
creature may be hon\r$ or wor%ipp$ ) su*
 wor%ip z  is due to him1 by ! means (  
su* a repres5t+ t]m9us or  image4 ,if ! 
k+ comm& 8 subjects to b[ t[>ds 8 image 
or  ?rone :5 he is abs5t1 z an act (    
hon\r1 or human wor%ip to  himself1 x is
 lawful s to d1 ,god hav+ n =bid x4 ,b  
,god ha?  =bid u to d s by himself1     
because he ha? no image1 & is  conf9$ to
 no place1 & to avoid ! dang] &         
appe>ance (  idolatry4    #ba4 ,yet is x
 lawful to lift up our h& & eyes t[>ds  
heav51 z  ! place ( ,god's glory2 & ,i  
condemn n ! anci5t *ur*es t  wor%ipp$   
t[>ds ! ea/4 ,b x 0 n heav51 or ! sun1  
or  ea/ t !y wor%ipp$1 or to :i* !y s5t 
_! wor%ip1 z any  t]m9us m$ius1 or ?+   
m$iately wor%ipp$2 b only to ,god       
himself1 ^: glory is 9 ! heav5s4    #ceh
 ,isa4 xl4 #ah1 #be2 xlvi4 #e2 ,exod4   
xx4 #d2 ,g54 i4 #bf2 v4 #a2 ,deut4  iv4 
#af-ah1 #bc1 #be2 v4 #h2 xvi4 #bb2 #b   

,*ron4 xxxiii4 #g2 ,ezek4 viii4 #c1  #e2
 ,dan4 iii42 ,rom4 i4 #bc2 ,heb4 xii4   
#bi2 ,col4 iii4 #aj2 ,deut4 ix2 ,exod4  
xxiii4 #bd2 xxxiv4 #ac2 ,deut4 vii4 #e2 
#a ,k+s xiv4 #i1 #bc2 #b ,k+s xvii4     
#ai2 #b ,*ron4 xiv4 #c1 #e2 ,hab4 ii4   
#ah2 ,j]4 x4 #h2 ,deut4 xxvii4 #ae2     
,isa4  xvii4 #h2 xli4 #bi2 #b ,*ron4    
xxviii4 #b2 xxiv4 #c1 #d2 ,hos4 xiii4   
#b2 ,ezek4  xvi4 #ag2 xxiii4 #ad2 xxx4  
#ac2 ,hos4 x4 #a1 #b2 #b ,k+s xxi4 #g2  
,j]4 viii4  #ai2 li4 #dg4    #cei #b    
,*ron4 iii4 #aj2 ,matt4 xxii4 #aj2      
,numb4 xxi4 #i2 #b ,k+s xvi4 #ag2  #a   
,k+s vii4 #ah1 #ai1 #be1 #bf1 #bi1 #cj4 
#cfj ,rom4 viii4 #bi2 ,rev4 i4 #ab1 c42 
#b ,cor4 iv4 #d2 ,col4 i4 #ae2 ,phil4   
iii4 #h-aj1 c4    #cfa #a ,cor4 xi4 #g2 
#b ,cor4 iii4 #ah2 ,col4 iii4 #aj4      
#cfb ,exod4 xxv4 #ah1 #ai2 xxxvii4 #h1  
#i4    #cfc #a ,k+s vi4 #bd-bg2 ,ezek4  
x4 #b1 #d1 #g1 #i1 #ad2 #a ,k+s vii4    
#bi1 #cf2  viii4 #f1 #g2 #a ,sam4 iv4   
#d2 #b ,k+s xix4 #ae2 ,psal4 lxxx4 #a2  
xcix4 #a2  ,isa4 vi4 #b1 #f4    #cfd ,ut

 ,beza ,icones ,viror4 ,illu/rium4      
#cfe ,neh4 ix4 #dh2 ,e/h4 viii4 #h4     
,que/4 ,,cxiv4 ,:e!r /age-plays1 :]e !  
virtu\s & vici\s are  p]sonat$1 be      
lawful8    ,because ?is is a k9d (      
imag]y1 ! "q may be "h fitly  h&l$4 ,b  
,i h said s mu* be=e ( /age-plays1 & !  
s9  t is us$ 9 !m1 "p i4 *ap4 #ah1 t ,i 
h no?+ m to  say "h1 b only to decide   
?is p>ticul> case ( consci5ce  conc]n+  
!m4    ,z ,i am n will+ to ?ru/ any man 
into extremes1 nor to tr\ble  m5 ) call+
 ^? s9s1 :i* ,god ha? n =bidd52 s ,i h  
reason to advise m5 to g1 9 d\btful     
cases1 on ! saf] side1 mu*  m to        
dissuade !m f und\bt$ s91 & especially f
 great  & multipli$ s9s2 & !re=e ,i mu/ 
?us decide ! "q4    #a4 ,x is n         
absolutely unlawful to p]sonate ano!r   
man1 nor do?  ! second comm&m5t =bid su*
 liv+ images 9 ?is ext5t4 ,i  pass by ! 
in/ance ( ! woman ( ,tekoah1 #b ,sam4   
xiv42 because !  b>e hi/ory prove? n !  
lawfulness4 ,b ,paul's speak+ z (       
himself & ,apollos ! ?+s :i* conc]n$    

o!rs1 0 approvable2  & z ,*ri/ frequ5tly
 taught by p>ables1 s 8 p>ables 7 a     
description ( good & evil1 by ! way (   
feign$ hi/ory1 z if  su* & su* ?+s _h   
be5 done by su* p]sons z nev] 74 ,&  ?is
 fiction is no falsehood2 = ! he>] kn[e?
 t x is n  meant z an hi/orical         
n>rative1 b a p>able2 & x is b an  image
 9 words1 or a pa9t$ doctr9e4 ,& if a   
p]son & action may  be feign$ by words1 
,i "k n :]e x is =bidd5 to feign !m by  
p]sonal repres5tation4 ,!re=e to        
p]sonate ano!r is n simply  a s94    #b4
 ,to p]sonate good m5 9 good actions1 is
 n simply unlawful2  because1 #a4 ,x is 
n unlawful z x is p]sonat+1 z is %[$4   
#b4  ,nor z ly+2 because x is n an      
ass]t+1 b a repres5t+2 nor  s tak54     
#c4 ,to p]sonate a bad man1 9 a bad     
action1 is m dubi\s2 b  seeme? n 9 all  
cases to be unlawful4 ,to pass by       
,david's feign+  himself mad1 7z (      
unc]ta9 quality17 x is common ) prea*]s1
  to speak (t ! words ( wick$ m51 z 9 _!
 names or p]sons1 to  disgrace !m3 &    

,prov4 v4 #aa1 #ab1 c4 come? ne> x4 ,&  
:e!r  ,job be a hi/ory1 or a dialogue   
p]sonat+ su* speak]s1 is d\bt$  by ! mo/
 le>n$ expositors4    #d4 ,i ?9k x      
possible to devise & act a com$y or     
trag$y1 :i*  %\ld be lawful1 & v edify+4
 ,x might be s ord]$ by wise  m54    #e4
 ,i ?9k ,i nev] knew or he>d ( a lawful 
/age-play1 com$y1 or  trag$y1 9 ! age t 
,i h liv$ 92 & t ^? n[ commonly  us$1   
are n only s9s1 b he9\s1 aggravat$ s9s2 
= ^!  reasons4    #a4 ,!y p]sonate odi\s
 vices commonly vici\sly2 t is1 #a4 ,)\t
  ne$1 recit+ s9ful words1 & repres5t+  
s9ful actions2 :i* z  !y 7 evil 9 ! fir/
 committ+1 s are !y 9 ! ne$less         
repetition4 ,eph4 v4 #c1 #d1 #ab1 ,b    
=nication1 & all uncleanness1  or       
covet\sness1 7or lu/17 let x n be once  
nam$ among y z  become? sa9ts2 nei!r    
fil?9ess1 nor fooli% talk+1 nor je/+1   
:i* are n conv5i5t2 b r giv+ (          
?anks4--,= x is a  %ame ev5 to speak (  
^? ?+s :i* are done ( !m 9 secret4  #b4 
,because !y are spok5 & act$ commonly   

)\t t %ame1 &  hatr$1 & grief :i* %\ld  
rightly affect ! he>]s ) an  abhorr5ce (
 !m2 & !re=e t5d to reconcile m5 to s91 
& to  tempt !m to take x b = a matt] (  
sport4    #b4 ,!re are usually s _m     
words mat]ially false 7?\gh n prop]     
lies7 us$ 9 su* act+s ( good & evil1 z  
is unsav\ry1 &  t5de? to tempt m5 to    
fiction & false speak+4    #c4 ,!re are 
usually su* multitudes ( va9 words p\r$ 
out on !  circum/antials1 z are a s9    
!mselves1 & tempt ! he>]s to !  l4      
#d4 ,!y usually mix su* amor\s or o!r   
su* insn>+ expressions  or actions1 z   
are fitt$ to k9dle m5's s9ful lu/s1 & to
 be  temptations to ! evils :i* !y      
pret5d to cure4    #e4 ,a great deal (  
preci\s "t is wa/$ 9 !m1 :i* might h    
be5 mu* bett] sp5t2 to all ! lawful ends
 :i* !y c int5d4    #f4 ,x is ! pref]r+ 
( an unmeet & dang]\s recreation1 be=e  
_m fitt]2 ,god hav+ all[$ u s great     
*oice ( bett]1 x  _c be lawful to *oose 
a worse4 ,! body :i* mo/ ne$e?  ex]cise1
 ) mo/ ( ! spectators1 ha? no ex]cise at

 all2 &  ! m9d might be mu* m fruitfully
 recreat$ _m ways1 by v>iety  ( books1 (
 conv]se1 by contemplat+ ,god & 8 works1
 by !  =e-?\ghts ( ! heav5ly glory1 c4  
,s t x is unlawful1 z  unfitt$ to its   
pret5d$ ends4    #g4 ,x usually be/     
suite? ) ! mo/ c>nal m9ds1 & m          
corrupte? ! affections & passions1 z    
full exp]i5ce prove?3  ^? t mo/ love &  
use !m are n re=m$ by !m1 b  commonly   
are ! mo/ loose1 ungodly1 s5sual p4     
#h4 ,! be/ & wise/ p]sons lea/ reli% !m1
 & are commonly  mo/ aga9/ !m4 ,& !y are
 be/ able to make exp]im5t1 :at  do? mo/
 help or hurt ! s\l4 ,!re=e :5 ! s5sual 
say1 ,we  pr(it by !m1 z mu* z by       
s]mons1 !y d b speak accord+ to  _! s5se
 & lu/4 ,z "o t ha? ! gre5-sickness may 
say1  coals & clay & a%es d m good ?an  
meat2 because !y are n  s fit to judge1 
z ^? t h a heal?ful /ate & appetite4  ,&
 x seldom please? ! consci5ce ( a dy+   
man1 to rememb] !  "t he sp5t at        
/age-plays4    #i4 ,usually !re is mu*  
co/ be/[$ on !m1 :i* might be bett]     

employ$1 & !re=e is unlawful4    #aj4   
,god ha? appo9t$ a /at$ means ( in/ruct+
 s\ls1 by  p>5ts1 m9i/]s1 c4 :i* is mu* 
m fit & p[]ful2 !re=e  t "t 7 bett]     
sp5t4#cfg ,& x is d\btful :e!r          
play-h\ses be n a /at$ means ( man's    
in/itution1 set up to !  same pret5d$   
use z ! *ur* & m9i/ry ( ,*ri/1 & s be n 
aga9/ ! second comm&m5t4 ,= my "p ,i _c 
def5d !m1 if  any %all say t ! devil ha?
 api%ly made ^! 8 *ur*es1 9  competition
 ) ! *ur*es ( ,*ri/4    #aa4 ,x seeme?  
to me a he9\s s9 = play]s to live ^u ?is
 z a  trade & function1 & to be educat$ 
= x1 & ma9ta9$ 9 x4  ,t :i* might be us$
 z a recreation1 may n always be made a 
trade (4    #ab4 ,!re is no m5tion t ev]
 su* plays 7 us$ 9 ,scripture  times by 
any godly p]sons4    #ac4 ,! primitive  
*ri/ians & *ur*es 7 commonly aga9/ !m2  
_m canons are yet to be se51 by :i* !y  
did condemn !m4 ,read  b ,dr4 ,j4       
,reignolds aga9/ ,alb]icus ,g5tilis1 & y
 %all see  unansw]able te/imonies1 f    
c\ncils1 fa!rs1 emp]ors1 k+s1 &  all    

sob] antiquity aga9/ !m4    #ad4 ,?\s&s 
( "y p 9 our "t h be5 undone by !m2  "s 
at ! gall[s1 & _m appr5tices :o run out 
9 _!  acc\nts1 neglect _! ma/]s'        
bus9ess1 & turn to drunk5ness1  &       
:or$om1 & debau*]y1 d confess t         
/age-plays 7 n !  la/ or lea/ ( !       
temptations :i* did ov]?r[ !m4    #ae4  
,! be/ t c be said ( ^! plays is1 t !y  
are  controv]t$ & ( d\btful lawfulness2 
b !re are o!r means  en\gh ( und\bt$ &  
uncontrov]t$ lawfulness1 = ! same  hone/
 ends2 & !re=e x is a s9 to d t :i* is  
d\btful  )\t ne$4    ,^u all ^! reasons1
 ,i advise all t love _! "t1 _!  s\ls1  
_! ,god & happ9ess1 to turn away f ^!   
nurs]ies (  vice1 & to delight !mselves 
9 ! law & ord9ances ( _!  ,savi\r1      
,psal4 i4 #b1 #c4    #cff ,psal4 xxvi4  
#d2 cxix4 #aac2 #a ,tim4 vi4 #bj2 ,matt4
 xii4 #cf1 #cg2 #a  ,pet4 i4 #ah2 ,eccl4
 vii4 #c-g2 ,eph4 iv4 #bi1 #cj2 v4 #ae1 
#af2 ,luke xii4  #ag-ai2 ,rom4 xiii4    
#ac1 #ad4    #cfg ,john vi4 #ab2 #a     
,pet4 iv4 #aj2 ,matt4 xviii4 #bc2 ,rom4 

xiv4 #ab2 ,phil4  iv4 #ag2 ,psal4 i4 #b2
 #b ,tim4 iv4 #a1 #b4      ,que/4 ,,cxv4
 ,is x ev] unlawful to use ! kn[n       
symbols & badges  ( idolatry8    ,answ4 
#a4 ,ord9>ily x is unlawful1 z be+ ! ?+ 
=bidd5 9  ! second comm&m5t4 ,= he t    
use? !m1 #a4 ,is corporally  idolatr\s1 
:atev] 8 secret ?\ghts may be4 #b4 ,& he
 is  int]pretatively an idolat]1 &      
actually p]suade? o!rs to be s4    #b4  
,b yet ?\gh no man may ev] use su*      
symbols ( idolatry  =malit]1 qua tales1 
z su*2 yet mat]ially he may use !m 9  "s
 cases4    ,z1 #a4 ,:5 an idolat] w take
 an ord9ance ( ,god1 & an  appo9t$ duty1
 & turn x into a symbol ( 8 idolatry 7z 
9 !  =ego+ in/ance ( ! ,mahometans74 ,we
 may n !re=e =sake  t duty2 b we mu/ d x
 9 su* a mann]1 z may suffici5tly       
disclaim ! idolat]'s use ( x4 ,z if any 
idolat]s w make a  symbol ( "s          
,scripture texts1 or ( ! ,"l's day1 or (
 !  sacram5tal bread & w9e1 c4 we mu/ n 
!re=e disuse !m4    #b4 ,:5 a ?+        
indiff]5t is made an idolatr\s symbol or

 badge1  ?\gh ,i mu/ n use x z idolat]s 
d1 yet if any act ( ,div9e  ,provid5ce  
make x become necess>y z a moral duty1  
,i may be oblig$  to use x1 disclaim+ ! 
idolat]'s mann] & end3 & !n x w  be kn[n
 t ,i use x n z _! symbol4 ,z if a man1 
by fam9e or  a swoon1 7 dy+ 9 an idol's 
temple1 ,i might give him meat &  dr9k  
!re to save 8 life1 ?\gh su* z 0 a badge
 ( _!  idolatry1 :ile ,i disclaim _!    
ends & use4 ,! reason is1 #a4  ,because 
at su* a "t x is a natural duty1 & !re=e
 may n be  omitt$ = fe> ( sc&al1 or     
seem+ s91 :i* at t "t is no  s94 #b4    
,because ,*ri/ ha? taught u 9 ! in/ance 
( himself &  8 disciples1 t positive    
comm&s give place to natural1 ct]is     
p>ibus4 ,& t ! sabba? 0 made = man1 & n 
man = !  sabba?2 & t we mu/ le>n :at ?is
 meane?1 ,i w h m]cy  & n sacrifice4 ,& 
if we mu/ break ! re/ ( ! sabba? =  !   
life1 yea1 ! fe$+ ( an ox or ass1 mu* m 
( a man3#cfh  & ! positives ( ! second  
comm&m5t mu/ be regulat$ z !  positives 
( ! f\r?4 #c4 ,& ! sc&al 9 su* a case   

may be  avoid$1 by decl>+ t ,i d        
disclaim _! use & ends4    ,9 a c\ntry  
:]e kneel+ or be+ uncov]$ to ! pr9ce is 
a  civil1 hon\r+ cu/om1 if ! pr9ce %\ld 
be a ,caligula1 &  comm& ! subjects to  
wor%ip him & 8 image z a god1 & make    
b[+1 kneel+1 or be+ uncov]$ ! badge or  
symbol ( x2 "h ,i  w\ld ord9>ily avoid  
ev5 t :i* be=e 0 a duty1 because x  0 b 
by accid5t a duty1 & n[ int]pret$ a     
he9\s s94 ,b 9  case t ! life ( any man 
lay on x1 or t ! sc&al on  religion = my
 d5y+ civil hon\r to ! pr9ce1 w\ld be   
great]  & ( m p]il\s consequ5ce1 ?an !  
sc&al ( seem+  idolatry1 ,i w\ld p]=m t 
civil hon\r :i* ,i did be=e1 &  :i* ,god
 enjo9e? me to p]=m to my pr9ce4 ,b ,i  
w\ld avoid !  sc&al1 by op5 prote/+     
7seasonably7 aga9/ ! idolatry4    #cfh  
,m>k ix4 #ac2 xii4 #g2 ii4 #ag4         
,que/4 ,,cxvi4 ,is x unlawful to use !  
badge or symbol ( any error  or sect 9 !
 wor%ip ( ,god8    ,answ4 #a4 ,x is     
unlawful to use x =mally z su*4    #b4  
,b n mat]ially1 :51 #a4 ,!re are j &    

weighty reasons =  x4 #b4 ,& ,i may     
dis[n ! error4    ,sid5ote3 ,e sect (   
err+ *ri/ians accord+ly use? to err 9   
wor%ip1 & h "s badge & symbol ( _! sect 
& error4    ,=1 #a4 ,all sects &        
errone\s p]sons may turn holy words &   
duties  into symbols ( _! errors4 #b4   
,all *ri/ians 9 ! _w be+  imp]fect1 d   
sometimes err 9 matt] or mann] 9 _!     
wor%ip4 ,&  he t w mat]ially avoid all !
 badges or symbols ( _!  errors1 %all h 
no communion ) any *ur* or *ri/ian4 #c4 
,z we  mu/ d our be/ s to avoid all _!  
errors1 t we *oose !m  n1 & make !m n   
=mally our own practice2 7z tautologies1
  va9 repetitions1 disord]s1 unfit      
phrases1 c4 ,we mu/ ourselves :5  we are
 ! speak]s d z mu* bett] z we c27 s we  
mu/ n  !re=e sep>ate f !m t d use !m1   
nor d5y !m our  communion :5 !y use !m2 
else we mu/ sep>ate f all o!rs1  & all  
o!rs f u4 #d4 ,b :5 we are pres5t ) !m1 
our  m9ds mu/ dis[n all ! faults ( !    
holie/ pray] 9 ! _w  :i* we jo9 93 we   
may be b\nd to /ay ) !m1 & jo9 9 all  t 

is good & w>rantable1 & yet z we g      
along1 to dis[n 9 our  m9ds all t we "k 
to be amiss4      ,que/4 ,,cxvii4 ,are  
all indiff]5t ?+s made unlawful to u1   
:i*  %all be abus$ to idolatr\s wor%ip8 
,answ4 ,y mu/ di/+ui%1 #a4 ,( ! symbol (
 idolatry be=e  spok5 (1 & o!r          
by-abuses4 #b4 ,( an abuse done 9 =m]   
ages or  remote c\ntries1 & 9 our own   
age & c\ntry4 #c4 ,( ! reasons  invit+ u
 to use !m1 :e!r necess>y or n4    #a4  
,! case ( symbols or badges is n "h     
spok5 (1 b o!r  abuses4    #b4 ,an abuse
 committ$ 9 ! age & place we live 91 or 
any o!r1  :i* w by ! sc&al imbold5 o!rs 
to ! l1 may n be  compli$ 91 )\t s great
 reason1 z w notably prepond]ate !  evil
 consequ5ts4    #c4 ,b yet 9 _m cases   
su* abus$1 indiff]5t ?+s1 may aft] be   
lawfully us$ by believ]s4 ,= in/ance3   
#a4 ,names may be ?+s indiff]5t1 abus$  
to idolatry1 & yet  lawfully us$ by u3 z
 ! "n ,god1 ,deus1 ,"l1 holy1 j1 good1  
temple1 alt>1 sacrifice1 prie/1 heav51  
sun1 moon1 ,jupit]1 ,saturn1  & a hundr$

 su*2 ,i mean ^! lett]s & syllables 9 ^!
  languages4 ,t ^! names are all 9      
!mselves indiff]5t  appe>e? 9 t !y are  
nei!r naturally necess>y1 nor by ,god's 
in/itution1 b arbitr>y signs ( human    
inv5tion & *oice3 = we  may easily &    
lawfully make new words to signify all !
 same ?+s  t ^! d3 & t !y are abus$ to  
idolatry is notori\sly  kn[n3 & t yet !y
 are lawfully us$1 ! practice ( all     
*ri/ians1 ,engli% & ,lat91 ev5 ! mo/    
scrupul\s !mselves1  do? judge4    #b4  
,& ! use ( temples 7^! individuals :i* h
 be5 us$ to  idolatry7 is lawful4    #c4
 ,s also ( bells1 pulpits1 cups1 tables1
 & fonts1 & o!r  ut5sils4    #d4 ,!     
,bible itself1 z x is ?is individual    
book r ?an  ano!r1 is a ?+ indiff]5t1   
yet x may be read 9 aft] x ha?  be5     
abus$ to idolatry4    #e4 ,if ! k+ w\ld 
n only give ! g>m5ts1 b ! money1 l&s1   
lord%ips1 h\ses1 :i* h be5 consecrat$ or
 o!rwise abus$ to  idolatry1 to any poor
 p1 or mo/ ( ! scrupul\s1 !y w\ld  ?9k x
 lawful to receive & use !m2 yea1 x is  

lawful to d$icate  ! same l&s & money   
aft]w>ds to holy uses1 & to ma9ta9      
religi\s wor%ip4    #f4 ,o!rwise x 7 9 !
 p[] ( any idolat] :5ev] he pleas$1  to 
deprive all ! *ri/ian _w ( _! *ri/ian   
lib]ty1 & to  make no?+ indiff]5t to u1 
see+ !y c abuse !m all4    #g4 ,yea1    
almo/ no?+ is !n already indiff]5t1 !re 
be+ few  ?+s t "s p]son 9 "s "t & place 
ha? n abus$ to  idolatry4    #h4 ,if !  
"q be only ( all individual ?+s abus$ to
  idolatry1 ! decision n[ giv5 w hold   
good2 b if x be also (  all species (   
su* ?+s1 x w be a di%on\r to a man's    
reason  to make a "q ( x4      ,que/4   
,,cxviii4 ,may we use ! names ( week    
days :i* idolatry  hon\r$ _! idols )2 z 
,sunday1 ,monday1 ,saturday1 & ! re/8   
,& s ! mon?s8    ,answ4 #a4 ,x 7 to be  
wi%$ t ! cu/om 7 *ang$2 #a4  ,because ! 
names h be5 s grossly abus$2 #b4 ,& we h
 no ne$  ( !m2 #c4 ,& z ! papi/s say1   
,our monum5ts1 temple names1 &  o!r     
relics among y prove ours to be ! old   
religion1 & keep  possession = u till x 

be re/or$2 s ! hea!ns say to all !      
*ri/ians1 ,y\r v names ( y\r days &     
mon?s prove our religion  to be eld] ?an
 y\rs1 & keep possession = u till x be  
re/or$4    #b4 ,x is meet t we wisely d 
our duty t[>d ! re=mation (  ?is abuse4 
#c4 ,b yet long cu/om & s\nd doctr9e ha?
 s f> tak5 away !  sc&al & ill effects1 
t r ?an be an (f5ce to any by  seem+    
s+ul>ity1 x is z lawful /ill to use ^!  
names1 z x  0 to ,luke to use ! names ( 
,ca/or & ,pollux1 ,jupit] &  ,m]cury1   
hi/orically4    #d4 ,9 su* cases ! true 
solution ( ! "q mu/ be by weigh+        
accid5ts & =ese5 consequ5ts toge!r      
wisely & imp>tially2  & he t c =esee :i*
 way is likely to d mo/ good or hurt1   
may satisfactorily "k 8 duty4           
,que/4 ,,cxix4 ,is x lawful to pray     
secretly :5 we come fir/ into  ! *ur*1  
especially :5 ! *ur* is o!rwise employ$8
    ,answ4 #a4 ,?is is a ?+ :i* ,god ha?
 giv5 u no p>ticul> law  ab\t2 b ! g5]al
 laws mu/ regulate u1 ,let all be done  
dec5tly1 9 ord]1 & to edification4      

#b4 ,our great & pr9cipal bus9ess 9 com+
 to ! *ur* assembly  is to jo9 ) !m 9 ! 
public wor%ip2 & ?is is x t  accord+ly1 
z our great bus9ess1 we mu/ int5d & d4  
#c4 ,9 a place :]e sup]/ition makes     
ignorant p ?9k x a  matt] ( necessity1 s
 to beg9 ) secret pray]1 :5 ! *ur*  is  
o!rwise employ$1 ! use ( x is ! m       
sc&al\s1 z  enc\rag+ !m 9 _! error4     
#d4 ,x is ! be/ way to come be=e !      
public wor%ip beg91 &  !n !y t ?9k x mo/
 dec5t may d x )\t scruple or j  (f5ce4 
#e4 ,b z a man's he>t may put up a %ort 
ejaculation z he walke?  up ! *ur*1 )\t 
los+ :at else he might he>1 s a man may 
on 8 knees be s brief1 z t 8 loss %all  
be b small2 &  :e!r 8 pr(it prepond]ate 
t little "t's loss1 he c judge  bett]   
?an ano!r4 ,!re=e ?\gh ,i l be/ keep+ to
 concord  ) ! assembly 9 our devotion1  
yet ^! are ?+s 9 :i* x  ill beseeme?    
*ri/ians to judge or despise ea* o!r2 & 
,i %all  take on ei!r side ! judg+ &    
despis+ ( ^? t diff]  f u1 to be a f>   
great] s91 ?an ! do+ or n do+ ( !  ?+4  

,object4 ,is x n call$ 9 ,eccles4 v4 #a1
 #b1 ,! sacrifice ( fools  :o "k n t !y 
d evil8    ,answ4 ,no3 ,i h wond]$ to   
he> t text s ord9>ily ?us  p]v]t$4 ,!   
text is1 ,keep ?y foot :5 ?\ goe/ to !  
h\se (  ,god1 & be m ready to he>1 ?an  
to (f] ! sacrifice (  fools4---- ,:i* is
 no m1 ?an t x is ! imag9ation &  cu/om 
( fools to ?9k to please ,god by _!     
sacrifices1 &  br++ some:at to him1 :ile
 !y refuse or neglect to he> 8  comm&s &
 obey him4 ,:]eas ob$i5ce is bett] ?an  
sacrifice2 &  ! sacrifice ( ! wick$ is  
abom9ation to ! ,"l3 & he t  turne? away
 8 e> f he>+ ! law1 8 pray] is          
abom9able3  & because !y hate           
in/ruction--!y %all cry & ,god w n  he> 
!m4 ,!re=e be fir/ c>eful to he> :at    
,god sai? to !e1  & to le>n 8 w & d x1 &
 !n br+ ?y sacrifice to him3  leave ?y  
gift at ! alt>1 & g & be reconcil$ to ?y
 bro!r3  obey fir/1 & !n come & (f] ?y  
gift4 ,?is is all ! mean+  ( ! text4    
,see also ,psal4 l4 #h1 & comp>e ^! cit$
 texts1 #a  ,sam4 xv4 #bb2 ,prov4 xv4   

#h2 xxi4 #ag2 ,matt4 v4 c4 ,b :e!r we   
%\ld  beg9 ) pray] or he>+ :5 we ent]   
into ! *ur*1 ,god ha?  left to prud5ce  
to be decid$ by ! g5]al rules4          
,que/4 ,,cxx4 ,may a prea*] kneel d[n 9 
! pulpit1 & use 8  private pray]s :5 he 
is 9 ! assembly8    ,answ4 ,?is w h !   
same answ] ) ! =m]2 & !re=e  ,i %all    
tr\ble ! read] ) no m4      ,que/4      
,,cxxi4 ,may a m9i/] pray publicly 9 8  
own "n s+ly1 =  himself or o!rs8 or only
 9 ! *ur*'s "n1 z _! m\? to  ,god8      
,answ4 ,x is good to be z exact 9 ord] &
 dec5cy z we c2 b  !y t w\ld n h o!r    
m5's c]emonies br\ght 9 on t  pret5ce1  
%\ld n br+ 9 _! own made doctr9es4      
#a4 ,x is c]ta9 t all ! assembly come   
?i!r1 n only to he>  a pray]1 b to pray 
z well z ! m9i/]2 & !re=e !  practice ( 
all *ur*es 9 ! _w 7z is se5 9 all !     
liturgies7 is = ! m9i/] to speak 9 !    
plural numb]1 &  usually to pray 9 !    
*ur*'s "n4 ,& s he is bo? _! guide  &   
m\? 9 pray]4 ,!re=e ev5 :5 he praye? =  
himself1 x is  usually fitte/ 7or v fit7

 = him r to say1 ,we besee* !e1  give ! 
speak] ?y assi/ance1 c4 ?an ,i besee*   
!e4    #b4 ,& ev5 subjectively x is n   
inconv5i5t to speak ( himself 9  ! ?ird 
p]son1 ,give him1 or ,give ! speak] ?y  
help1 in/ead (  ,give me4    #c4 ,b !y t
 w place a necessity 9 ei!r ( ^!1 & make
  ! contr>y a s91 mu/ h m k ?an ,i h to 
be able to  prove x4    ,=1 #a4 ,9 !    
latt] case ! m9i/] do? n pray 9 8 own   
p]son1 b only = 8 own p]son1 :5 he sai?1
 ,we besee* !e1  give me ?y help1 c4    
#b4 ,& ,i "k no ^w ( ,god t sai?1 ei!r t
 ! m9i/] is  only ! m\? ( ! p1 or t he  
is to speak only 9 _!  names1 or t he   
may n pray = himself or !m 9 8 m9i/]ial 
capacity 9 ! fir/ p]son4#cfi    ,=1 #a4 
,he is a m9i/] ( ,*ri/ = ! *ur*1 & n !  
m9i/] ( ! *ur* prop]ly4 ,& he is        
subord9ate to ,*ri/ 9  8 prie/ly (fice1 
z well z 9 8 tea*+ & rul+ (fice3 &  !   
prie/s did always take x = _! (fice1 n  
only to speak z  ! p's m\?1 b z         
sub-m$iators or int]cessors = !m to     
,god2 & z !n !y 7 types ( ,*ri/ by /&+  

betwe5 ,god &  ! p1 s !y 7 8 (fic]s z   
well z types2 & s !y  are 8 (fic]s to   
?is day3 & z !y tea* & rule 9 8 "n  by  
(fice1 s d !y int]c$e 9 8 "n3 all m5    
confess t !y  may d ?is 9 private2 & :]e
 is x =bidd5 to be done 9  public8      
#b4 ,& !re are "s cases 9 :i* x is      
fitte/ t x %\ld be  s4 ,t is1 :5 x is   
suppos$ t ! congregation do? n jo9  )   
him4 ,z1 #a4 ,:5 ! :ole *ur* is fall5   
into "s error (  judgm5t1 7z :o ha? n   
_m17 & he kn[e? t !y diff] f  him1 x is 
fitt] = him to pray z a sub-int]cessor =
 !m 9 8  own p]son1 ?an to speak z 9 _! 
p]sons1 :o he kn[e? jo9 n  ) him4 ,= t  
ha? a pla9 untru? 9 x4 #b4 ,if ! :ole   
*ur*  be fall5 into "s little s91 :i*   
s$uction yet h9d]e? !m  f rep5t+ (1 he 7
 bett] confess x1 & pr(ess sorr[ =  x1 9
 8 own p]son1 ?an 9 !irs t jo9 n ) him 9
 x4 #c4  ,:5 he praye? = some:at =      
himself & !m1 t is above _!  und]/&+1 7z
 = direction 9 "s difficult             
controv]sies1 c47  ,i "k n t he is b\nd 
to speak 9 _! names t und]/&  him n4    

,!re=e ?is is no bus9ess = *ri/ians t   
are n possess$  ) a pr\d1 peevi%1       
self-conceit$1 qu>relsome hum\r1 to     
c5sure  or despise a m9i/] =2 nor %\ld  
any introduce t false  doctr9e ( man's  
inv5tion into ! *ur*1 t ! m9i/] is only 
to pray 9 public z ! p's m\?4 ,b ! p[] (
 prejudice is  great4    #cfi #a ,tim4  
ii4 #a1 #b2 ,isa4 lix4 #af2 ,j]4 xxvii4 
#ah2 vii4 #af2 xxix4 #g2  xxxvii4 #c2   
xlii4 #b1 #d1 #bj2 #a ,sam4 vii4 #e2    
xii4 #ai1 #bc2 #b ,cor4 xiii4 #g2       
,phil4 i4 #i2 ,col4 i4 #i1 #c2 #a ,!ss4 
v4 #bc2 #b ,!ss4 i4 #aa2 #a ,!ss4  iii4 
#aj4      ,que/4 ,,cxxii4 ,may ! "n1    
prie/s1 sacrifice1 & alt>s1 be  lawfully
 n[ us$ in/ead (1 ,*ri/'s m9i/]s1       
wor%ip1 & !  holy table8    ,answ4 #a4  
,he t use? !m 9 design to br+ 9 ! popi% 
transub/antiation & real sacrifice ( !  
mass1 do? he9\sly s9  9 su* a design &  
use4    #b4 ,9 a "t & place :]e !y may n
 be us$ )\t sc&al1 or  tempt+ or        
enc\rag+ any to _! errors1 ! sc&al w be 
a  griev\s s94    #c4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t  

use? all ! ,greek names :i* we          
translate1  prie/s1 sacrifice1 & alt>s1 
!re=e we may use ! same 9  ,greek2 & our
 translation & ,engli% names are n      
intol]able4 ,if  prie/ come f presbyt]  
,i ne$ n prove t2 if x d n1 yet  all    
m9i/]s are subord9ate to ,*ri/ 9 8      
prie/ly (fice z  ess5tially z 9 ! re/4  
,& ,rev4 i4 #f2 v4 #aj2 xx4 #f1 x is    
said1  t we are or %all be made prie/s (
 ,god1 & unto ,god4 ,& #a ,pet4  ii4 #e1
 we are an holy prie/hood1 & v]4 #i1 a  
royal prie/hood3  if ?is be said ( all1 
!n especially ( m9i/]s4    ,& ! ^w      
sacrifice is us$ ( u & our (f]$ wor%ip1 
#a ,pet4  ii4 #e2 ,heb4 xiii4 #ae1 #af2 
,phil4 iv4 #ah2 ,eph4 v4 #b2 ,rom4 xii4 
#a4    ,& ,heb4 xiii4 #aj1 sai?1 ,we h  
an alt> :]e( !y p>take n1  c4 ,& ! ^w is
 frequ5tly us$ 9 ! ,revelation1 *ap4 vi4
 #i2  viii4 #c1 #e2 xvi4 #g1 c4 9       
relation to gospel times4 ,we mu/ n     
!re=e be qu>relsome aga9/ ! b>e names1  
unless !y be abus$  to "s ill use4      
#d4 ,! anci5t fa!rs & *ur*es did ev] use

 all ^! words s  famili>ly )\t any "q or
 scruple rais$ ab\t !m1 ei!r  by !      
or?odox or any h]etics1 t at pres5t ,i c
 rememb] to  h ev] read (1 t we %\ld be 
! m w>y h[ we condemn !  b>e words1 le/ 
!nce we give advantage to ! papi/s to   
make !m  tell _! foll[]s1 t all         
antiquity 0 on _! side2 :i* 7  v easy = 
!m to prove1 if ! controv]sy 7 ab\t !   
names  alone4 ,extremes & passionate    
imprud5ce d give ! adv]s>ies  great     
advantages4    #e4 ,! names ( sacrifice 
& alt>1 7 us$ by ! anci5t  *ur*es1 n    
prop]ly1 b m]ely 9 allusion to ! ,jewi% 
&  hea!n sacrifices & alt>s1 toge!r ) a 
tropical use f !  *ri/ian reasons ( !   
names4    ,z ! ,"l's supp] is truly !   
commemoration ( ,*ri/'s sacrifice2  &   
!re=e call$ by prote/ants1 a            
commemorative sacrifice2 s  t our       
controv]sy ) ! papi/s is n1 :e!r x may  
be call$  a sacrifice1 b :e!r x be only 
! sacram5t ( a sacrifice1 or a          
sacram5tal1 commemorative sacrifice1 or 
also a real1 prop] sacrifice  ( ! v body

 & blood itself ( ,*ri/4 ,= we          
ackn[l$ge1 t  ,?is is a sacrifice1 is no
 m tropical a spee*1 ?an ,?is is my     
body & blood4    #f4 ,yet x mu/ be not$1
 t ! ,scripture use? ! ^w sacrifice     
ab\t ourselves1 & our ?anksgiv+s1 &     
praises1 & works (  *>ity1 r ?an ( !    
,"l's supp]2 & ! ^w prie/s1 (  all m51  
lay or cl]gy1 t (f] ^! =esaid sacrifices
 to ,god4  ,?\gh ! anci5t doctors us$ !m
 famili>ly1 by way ( allusion1  ( !     
sacram5t & its adm9i/rators4    #g4 ,9 a
 ^w1 z no *ri/ian mu/ use ^! or any     
words to false  ends or s5ses1 or       
deceiv+ purposes1 nor yet to sc&al2 s   
out (  ^! cases1 ! words are lawful3 & z
 ! fa!rs are n to be  any fur!r condemn$
 = us+ !m1 ?an z ! words 7:i* !y  =esaw 
n7 h giv5 advantage to ! papi/s1 to br+ 
9 an ill  s5se & doctr9e2 s ^? t n[ live
 9 *ur*es & c\ntries1  :]e ! public     
pr(ess$ doctr9e do? free !m f !         
suspicion  ( a popi% ill s5se1 %\ld n be
 judg$ nor qu>rell$ ) =  ! t]ms2 b all  
sob] *ri/ians %\ld all[ ea* o!r !       

lib]ty ( su* phrases )\t c5sori\sness1  
or brea* ( *>ity  or peace4      ,que/4 
,,cxxiii4 ,may ! communion table be     
turn$ alt>-wise1 &  rail$ 98 ,& is x    
lawful to come up to ! rails to         
communicate8    ,answ4 ,! answ] to ?is  
is mo/ly ! same ) t to !  =ego+ "q4 #a4 
,god ha? giv5 u no p>ticul> comm& or    
prohibition ab\t ^! circum/ances2 b !   
g5]al rules1 =  unity1 edification1     
ord]1 & dec5cy2 :e!r ! table %all /&    
?is way or t way1 "h or !re1 c4 he ha? n
 p>ticul>ly  det]m9$4    #b4 ,!y t turn 
! table alt>-wise & rail x 91 out ( a   
design  to draw m5 to pop]y1 or 9 a     
sc&al\s way :i* w enc\rage m5  to or 9  
pop]y1 d s94    #c4 ,s d !y t rail 9 !  
table to signify t ! vulg> or  lay      
*ri/ians mu/ n come to x1 b be kept at a
 di/ance2 :5  ,*ri/ 9 8 p]sonal pres5ce 
admitt$ 8 disciples to communicate  at !
 table ) himself4    #d4 ,b :]e !re are 
no su* ends1 b only to imitate ! anci5ts
  t did ?us1 & to %[ rev]5ce to ! table 
on ! acc\nt (  ! sacram5t1 by keep+ away

 dogs1 keep+ boys f sitt+ on x2  & !    
pr(ess$ doctr9e ( ! *ur* condemne?      
transub/antiation1  ! real corporal     
pres5ce1 c4 7z ours do?27 9 ?is case    
*ri/ians %\ld take ^! = su* z !y are1   
indiff]5t ?+s1  & n c5sure or condemn   
ea* o!r = !m2 nor %\ld any =ce  !m ^u ^?
 t ?9k !m unlawful4    #e4 ,& to        
communicate is n only lawful 9 ?is case1
 :]e we _c  prove t ! m9i/] s9ne?1 b ev5
 :5 we suspect an ill  design 9 him1 :i*
 we _c prove2 yea1 or :5 we c prove t  8
 p]sonal int]pretation ( ! place1 "n1   
situation1 & rails  is uns\nd2 = we     
assemble !re to communicate 9 & accord+ 
to  ! pr(ess$ doctr9e ( *ri/ianity & !  
*ur*es1 & our own  op5 pr(ession1 & n   
aft] e private op9ion & error ( !       
m9i/]4 ,z ,i may receive f an anabapti/ 
or sep>ati/  not)/&+ 8 p]sonal errors2 s
 may ,i f ano!r man1 ^:  error de/roye? 
n 8 m9i/ry1 nor ! ord9ance1 z long z ,i 
cons5t n to x1 yea1 & ) ! *ur* pr(ess my
 diss5t4    #f4 ,yet1 ct]is p>ibus1 e   
free man t ha? 8 *oice1 %\ld  *oose to  

communicate r :]e !re is mo/ purity &   
lea/  error1 ?an ) ^? t sw]ve m f regul>
 exactness4      ,que/4 ,,cxxiv4 ,is x  
lawful to use ,david's psalms 9 our     
assemblies8    ,answ4 ,yes3 #a4 ,*ri/   
us$ !m at 8 la/ supp]1 z is mo/         
probable2 & he ord9>ily jo9$ ) ! ,jews t
 us$ !m2 &  s did ! apo/les4    #b4 ,x  
is confess$ lawful to read or say !m2   
!re=e also to s+  !m4 ,= say+ & s++     
diff]5ce n ! ma9 end4    #c4 ,!y are    
suitable to our use1 & 7 ! liturgy ( !  
,jewi%  *ur*1 n on a c]emonial acc\nt1 b
 = t fitness :i* is  common to u ) !m4  
#d4 ,we are comm&$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t to 
s+ psalms2 & we are  n comm&$ to compose
 new ones2 nor c e "o make psalms1 :o   
is comm&$ to s+ psalms4 ,& if x be      
lawful to s+ psalms ( our  own or our   
neighb\r's mak+1 mu* m ( ,god's mak+ by 
8 ,_s  9 8 prophets4#cgj    ,object4 ,!y
 are n suitable to all our cases1 nor to
 all 9 !  assembly4    ,answ4 #a4 ,we   
may use !m 9 t measure ( suitabl5ess to 
our  cases :i* !y h4 ,y may jo9 ) a man 

9 pray] :o  expresse? "p ( y\r wants1   
?\gh he express n all4 ,else y  mu/ jo9 
) no man 9 ! _w4    #b4 ,if ungodly m5  
are pres5t :5 ! fai?ful speak to ,god1  
mu/ we  n speak our prop] case1 because 
!y are pres5t8 ,! m9i/] 9  *ur*         
adm9i/rations speake? pr9cipally 9 ! "n 
( !  fai?ful1 & n ( hypocrites4 ,mu/ he 
leave out ( 8 pray]s all  t is prop] to 
! godly1 m]ely because "s wick$ m5 are  
!re8  ,no m mu/ ! *ur* d 9 s++ unto     
,god4    #c4 ,!y t _c speak e ^w 9 a    
psalm j z _! own  case1 may yet speak x 
z in/ructive2 o!rwise !y might n read   
or say x4    ,b ! sect>ian objections   
aga9/ s++ ,david's psalms are s         
frivol\s1 t ,i w n tire ! read] ) any   
m4#cga    #cgj ,matt4 xxvi4 #cj2 ,m>k   
xiv4 #bf2 ,luke iv4 #af2 vi4 #f2 ,john  
vi4 #ei2  xviii4 #bj2 ,m>k i4 #ba1 #bc1 
#bi2 iii4 #a2 vi4 #b2 #a ,*ron4 xvi4 #g2
 ,psal4  xcv4 #b2 cv4 #b2 ,james v4 #ac2
 #a ,*ron4 xvi4 #i4    #cga ,james v4   
#ac2 ,eph4 v4 #ai2 ,col4 iii4 #af4      
,que/4 ,,cxxv4 ,may psalms be us$ z     

pray]s1 & praises1 &  ?anksgiv+s1 or    
only z in/ructive8 ev5 ! read+ z well z 
!  s++ ( !m8    ,answ4 ,! sob] read] :o 
kn[e? n :at errors o!rs hold1 w  m>vel t
 ,i tr\ble m5 ) su* que/ions4 ,b ,i h (t
 be5  tr\bl$ ) ^? t 7hav+ no o!r %ift to
 d5y ! lawfulness  ( writt5 & set =ms ( 
pray]7 d affirm t psalms are nei!r  to  
be read or sung at all z pray]s1 b only 
z doctr9al scriptures  = in/ruction4#cgb
 ,b t ?is is false appe>e?1    #a4 ,9 t 
^? t are real1 mat]ial pray]s1 &        
praises1 &  ?anksgiv+s1 & 7 p5n$ = t v  
use1 z ! titles %[1  & ^? t 7 s us$ by !
 ,jewi% synagogues :]e ,*ri/ 0  ord9>ily
 pres5t1 may be s us$ by u3 b su* are ! 
psalms bo?  z said & sung4    #b4 ,& ^? 
t we are comm&$ to s+ z psalms1 & h     
,*ri/'s example s to use1 7:o sung a    
hymn or psalm ( praise at 8  la/ supp]17
 we also may s use3 b1 c4    #c4 ,& ^? t
 are by ,god's ,_s fitt$ = use 9 pray]1 
praise1 & ?anksgiv+1 & nev] =bidd5 s to 
be us$1 may by u  be s us$3 b su* are ! 
psalms1 c4 ,i w we>y y ) no  m4    #cgb 

,psal4 lxxii4 #bj2 xc4 title2 lxxxvi4   
title2 xvii4 title2 c4      ,que/4      
,,cxxvi4 ,are our *ur* tunes lawful1 be+
 ( man's inv5tion8    ,answ4 ,yes3 !y   
are a lawful inv5tion1 all[$ u by ,god1 
&  fitt$ to ! g5]al rules ( edification4
 ,scripture is no p>ticul>  rule = su*  
modes & circum/ances4    ,object4 ,!y   
bre$ a c>nal pleasure by ! melody1 :i*  
is n fit  = spiritual devotion4         
,answ4 #a4 ,x is a lawful s5sitive      
pleasure1 sanctifi$ to a holy  use1 n   
h9d]+1 b greatly help+ ! s\l 9 spiritual
 wor%ip4    ,ei!r y call x c>nal1       
because x gratifie? ! s9ful1 corrupt    
incl9ations ( man2 or only because x is 
s5sitive1 or a pleasure 9  ! imag9ation 
& l[] faculties4 ,if ! =m]1 #a4 ,!re is 
no?+ 9 x :i* is a necess>y cause ( any  
s9ful pleasure1 nor  any imp$im5t to    
spiritual pleasure4 #b4 ,b a lu/ful     
p]son w  turn all s5sitive pleasure into
 s92 our meat1 & dr9k1 &  clo!s1 &      
h\ses1 & fri5ds1 & heal?3 ! bread & w9e 
9  ! sacram5t may be ?us abus$4#cgc     

#b4 ,b y mu/ "k1 t z our bodies are "h  
unit$ to our s\ls1  s !y act toge!r1 &  
:ile ! s5sitive "p is subord9ate to  !  
rational1 x is s]viceable to x1 & n a   
h9d]ance3 :5 y  come to h s\ls t are    
sep>at$ f ! body1 y %all use no  bodily 
in/rum5ts2 & yet ev5 !n x is unc]ta9 to 
u1 :e!r  ! s5sitive p[]s ( ! s\l d n    
accompany x1 & be n us$  by x4 ,b       
c]ta9ly 9 ! meantime1 he t w n use s5se1
  %all n use reason4 ,& he t acte? n    
s5sibly1 acte? n z a  man3 x is n a s9  
to be a man2 & !re=e n to see1 to he>1  
to ta/e1 to smell1 c4 ,nor is x a s9 to 
ta/e sweetness 9 our meat  or dr9k2 nor 
is x a s9ful pleasure = ! eyes to behold
 !  light1 or ! v>iety ( ! beaute\s     
works ( ,god1 or to take  pleasure 9 !m4
 ,8 works are great1 s\ght out ( all !m 
t  h pleasure !re91 ,psal4 cxi4 #b4     
,y "k n :at x is to be a man1 if y "k n 
t ,god ha?  made all ! s5ses to be !    
inlets ( objects1 & s ( holy  pleasure  
into ! s\l4 ,w\ld he h giv5 u eyes1 &   
e>s1 &  appetites1 & made 8 creatures   

sweet & beaute\s1 t all might  ei!r be  
s9 or useless to u8 ,no3 all ?+s are    
sanctifi$1 &  pure to ! pure4#cgd ,!    
s5se is ! natural way to !  imag9ation1 
& t to ! und]/&+2 & he t w h no  s5sible
 & natural pleasure1 %all h no spiritual
 pleasure3 &  he t w h none b s5sitive  
pleasure1 7 bett] h none  at all4 ,x is 
!re=e a fooli% pret5ce ( spirituality1  
to dream  ( act+ )\t our s5ses1 or      
avoid+ ^? delights1 :i* may  & mu/ be   
sanctifi$ to u4 ,h>mony & melody are s  
high a  pleasure ( ! s5se1 t !y are     
ne>e/ to rational delights1 if  n       
p>ticipat+ ( !m1 & exce$+ly fitt$ to    
elevate ! m9d  & affections unto ,god4  
,& z x is ! v nature ( true hol9ess1 to 
be s suit$ to holy  ?+s1 z t !y may be  
our delight1 & he is ! g5u9e sa9t1  & ! 
be/ ( *ri/ians1 :o mo/ delighte? 9 ,god 
& hol9ess2  s t is ! be/ means to make u
 ! be/ *ri/ians1 :i*  helpe? u be/ to ^!
 delights2 & if any ?+ on e>? be l  to  
heav51 x is to h our delight 9 ,god4 ,& 
!re=e if any  ?+ may make u heav5ly1 x  

is t :i* raise? u to su*  delights4 ,&  
!re=e a *oir ( holy p]sons1 melodi\sly  
s++  ! praises ( ,jehovah1 are like/ to 
! angelical society1 ,psal4 cl4    #cgc 
,luke xii4 #ag-ai2 xvi4 #bj-bb4    #cgd 
,rom4 viii4 #ah1 #cb2 ,tit4 i4 #ae2     
,rom4 xiv4 #bj2 #a ,cor4 iii4 #ba2 #b   
,cor4 iv4 #ae4      ,que/4 ,,cxxvii4 ,is
 *ur* music by organs or su* in/rum5ts1 
lawful8#cge    ,answ4 ,i "k t 9 !       
p]secut$ & poor] times ( ! *ur*1  none  
su* 7 us$ 7:5 !y _h n temples1 nor      
always a fix$  meet+ place74 ,& t !     
au?or ( ! ,que/4 et ,resp4 9 ,ju/9      
,m>tyr speake? aga9/ x 7:i* ,p]k9s &    
o!rs cite to t  purpose74 ,& ,i grant1  
#a4 ,t z x is 9 ! p[] ( weak1 diseas$   
*ri/ians1 to make  _m ?+s unlawful to _!
 bre?r5 le/ we be hurtful to !m1 &  to  
deprive u ( mu*1 n only ( our lib]ties b
 our helps2 s 9  abundance (            
congregations1 *ur* music is made       
unlawful by accid5t1  ?r\gh _! mi/ake4  
,= x is unlawful 7ct]is p>ibus7 by an   
unnecess>y ?+ to occasion divisions 9 ! 

*ur*es2 b :]e "o  "p judge? *ur* music  
unlawful1 = ano!r "p to use x1 w\ld     
occasion divisions 9 ! *ur*es1 & drive  
away ! o!r "p4  ,!re=e ,i w\ld wi% *ur* 
music to be no :]e set up1 b :]e  !     
congregation c accord 9 ! use ( x2 or at
 lea/ :]e !y  w n divide !reupon4    #b4
 ,& ,i ?9k x unlawful to use su* /ra9s (
 music z are light1  or z ! congregation
 _c easily be br\ght to und]/&2 mu*  m  
on purpose to commit ! :ole "w ( s++ to 
! *ori/]s1  & exclude ! congregation4 ,i
 am n will+ to jo9 9 su* a  *ur* :]e ,i 
%all be %ut out ( ?is noble "w ( praise4
    #c4 ,b pla91 intelligible *ur*      
music1 :i* occasione? n  divisions1 b ! 
*ur* agree? 91 = my "p ,i nev] d\bt$ to 
be lawful4 ,=1 #a4 ,god set x up long   
aft] ,moses' c]emonial law1 by  ,david1 
,solomon1 c4    #b4 ,x is n an in/itut$ 
c]emony m]ely1 b a natural help to !    
m9d's alacrity3 & x is a duty & n a s9  
to use ! helps (  nature & lawful art1  
?\gh n to in/itute sacram5ts1 c4 ( our  
own4 ,z x is lawful to use ! com=table  

helps ( spectacles 9  read+ ! ,bible1 s 
is x ( music to exhil>ate ! s\l t[>ds   
,god4#cgf    #c4 ,jesus ,*ri/ jo9$ ) !  
,jews t us$ x1 & nev] spake a  ^w aga9/ 
x4    #d4 ,no ,scripture =bidde? x1     
!re=e x is n unlawful4    #e4 ,no?+ c be
 aga9/ x1 t ,i "k (1 b :at is said aga9/
  tunes & melody ( voice4 ,= :]eas !y   
say t x is a human  inv5tion2 s are our 
tunes 7& metre1 & v]sions74 ,yea1 x is n
  a human inv5tion2 z ! la/ psalm & _m  
o!rs %[1 :i* call  u to praise ! ,"l )  
in/rum5ts ( music4    ,& :]eas x is said
 to be a c>nal m9d ( pleasure1 !y may   
say  z mu* ( a melodi\s1 h>moni\s conc]t
 ( voices1 :i* is m  excell5t music ?an 
any in/rum5ts4    ,& :]eas "s say t !y  
f9d x d !m h>m1 s o!rs say (  melodi\s  
s++2 b z wise m5 say1 !y f9d x d !m     
good4 ,&  :y %\ld ! exp]i5ce ( "s       
prejudic$1 self-conceit$ p]son1  or ( a 
half-man t kn[e? n :at melody is1 be set
 aga9/ !  exp]i5ce ( all o!rs1 & deprive
 !m ( all su* helps &  m]cies1 z ^! p   
say !y f9d no b5efit by4    ,& z "s     

d]ide *ur* music by _m scornful names1 s
 o!rs d  by s++ 7z "s congregations ne> 
me te/ify1 :o ^! _m  ye>s h =sak5 x1 & w
 n endure x2 b _! pa/or is  fa9 to unite
 !m1 by ! con/ant & total omission ( s++
  psalms74 ,x is a great wrong t "s d to
 ignorant *ri/ians1 by  putt+ su*       
:imsies & scruples into _! heads1 :i* z 
soon z  !y ent]1 turn t to a scorn1 &   
sn>e1 & tr\ble1 :i* might  be a real    
help & com=t to !m1 z x is to o!rs4     
#cge ,rev4 xiv4 #b1 #c4 ,! voice ( h>p]s
 h>p+ ) _! h>ps1  is ord9>ily exp\nd$ ( 
public wor%ip4    #cgf #a ,sam4 xviii4  
#f2 #a ,*ron4 xv4 #af2 #b ,*ron4 v4 #ac2
 vii4 #f2 xxiii4  #ac2 xxxiv4 #bb2      
,psal4 xcviii42 xcix42 cxlix42 cl4      
,que/4 ,,cxxviii4 ,is ! ,"l's day a     
sabba?1 & s to be call$ &  kept1 & t (  
div9e in/itution8 ,& is ! sev5?-day     
sabba?  abrogat$8 c4    ,answ4 ,all !   
cases ab\t ! ,"l's day 7except ^?       
practical  directions = keep+ x1 9 !    
,economical "p ( ?is book7 ,i h  put    
into a peculi> treatise on t subject by 

itself2 & !re=e  %all "h pass !m ov]1   
ref]r+ ! read] to !m 9 t  disc\rse4     
,que/4 ,,cxxix4 ,is x lawful to appo9t  
human holy days1 & obs]ve  !m8    ,answ4
 ,?is also ,i h spoke to 9 ! =esaid     
treatise1 & my  ,disput4 ( ,*ur*        
,gov]nm5t & ,c]4 ,briefly1 #a4 ,x is n  
lawful  to appo9t ano!r weekly sabba?1  
or day :olly sep>at$ to !  commemoration
 ( our r$emption3 = t is to m5d         
7pret5d$ly7 !  in/itutions ( ,god2 yea1 
& to contradict him :o ha? judg$ "o  day
 only 9 sev5 to be ! fitte/ weekly      
proportion4    #b4 ,z "p ( "s days may  
be weekly us$ 9 holy assemblies1 s may  
:ole days on j1 extraord9>y occasions1 (
 pray]1 prea*+1  humiliation1 &         
?anksgiv+4    #c4 ,! holy doctr9e1      
lives1 & suff]+s ( ! m>tyrs & o!r  holy 
m51 ha? be5 s great a m]cy to ! *ur*1 t 
7= any  ?+ ,i "k7 x is lawful to keep   
anniv]s>y ?anksgiv+s 9  remembrance (   
!m1 & to enc\rage ! weak1 & provoke !m  
to  con/ancy & imitation4    #d4 ,b to  
d$icate days or temples to !m 9 any     

high] s5se1 z !  hea!n & idolat]s did to
 _! h]oes1 is unlawful2 or any way to   
intimate an attribution ( div9ity to !m1
 by ^w or wor%ip4    #e4 ,& !y t live   
among su* idolat]s mu/ take he$ ( giv+  
!m sc&al\s enc\ragem5t4    #f4 ,& !y t  
scrupul\sly fe> su* s9 m ?an !re is     
cause1  %\ld n be =c$ to s9 aga9/ _!    
consci5ces4    #g4 ,b yet no *ri/ians   
%\ld causelessly refuse t :i* is        
lawful1 nor to jo9 ) ! *ur*es 9 holy    
ex]cises on ! days (  ?ankful           
commemoration ( ! apo/les1 & m>tyrs1 &  
excell5t  in/rum5ts 9 ! *ur*2 mu* less  
petulantly to "w & set op5  %ops to !   
(f5ce ( o!rs2 b r to p]suade all to     
imitate  ! holy lives ( ^? sa9ts to :om 
!y give su* hon\rs4      ,que/4 ,,cxxx4 
,h[ f> are ! holy ,scriptures a law &   
p]fect rule  to u8    ,answ4 #a4 ,= all 
?\ghts1 words1 affections1 & actions1 ( 
div9e  fai? & ob$i5ce 7suppos+ /ill     
,god's law ( nature74 ,= x is  no       
believ+ ,god to believe :at he nev]     
reveal$2 nor any tru/+  ,god1 to tru/ t 

he w c]ta9ly give u t :i* he nev]  ei!r 
directly or indirectly promis$2 nor any 
obey+ ,god1 to d  t :i* he nev] comm&$4 
#b4 ,! cont5ts w be/ %[ ! ext5t2 :atev] 
is reveal$1  promis$1 & comm&$ 9 x1 = t 
x is a p]fect rule4 ,=  c]ta9ly x is    
p]fect 9 its k9d & to its prop] use4    
#c4 ,x is a p]fect rule = all t is (    
univ]sal moral necessity2  t is1 :atev] 
x is necess>y t man believe1 ?9k1 or d1 
9  all ages & places ( ! _w1 ?is is (   
div9e obligation4  ,:atev] ! _w is      
univ]sally b\nd to1 7t is1 all m5 9 x17 
x is c]ta9 t ,god's law 9 nature1 or    
,scripture1 or bo?1 b9de?  !m to x4 ,= !
 _w ha? no univ]sal k+ or lawgiv] b     
,god4    #d4 ,god's own laws 9 nature & 
,scripture are a p]fect rule = all  !   
duties ( ! und]/&+1 ?\ghts1 affections1 
passions1  imm$iately to be ex]cis$ on  
,god himself2 = no "o else is a  disc]n]
 or judge ( su* matt]s4#cgg    #e4 ,x   
p]fectly conta9e? all ! ess5tial &      
integral p>ts ( !  *ri/ian religion2 s t
 no?+ is ( itself1 & directly1 any  "p (

 ! *ri/ian religion :i* is n !re4    #f4
 ,x in/itute? ^? sacram5ts p]fectly1 :i*
 are ! seals (  ,god's cov5ant ) man1 & 
! deliv]y ( ! b5efits1 & :i*  are !     
badges or symbols ( ! disciples &       
religion ( ,*ri/ 9  ! _w4    #g4 ,x     
det]m9e? :at fai?1 pray]1 & ob$i5ce %all
 be 8  appo9t$ means & conditions (     
ju/ification1 adoption1 &  salvation4 ,&
 s :at %all be pr(ess$ & prea*$ 9 8 "n  
to  ! _w4    #h4 ,x is a p]fect in/rum5t
 ( donation or conveyance ( our "r  to  
,*ri/1 & ( p>don1 & ju/ification1 &     
adoption1 & !  ,holy ,_s's assi/ances1 &
 ( glory4 ,z x is ,god's cov5ant1       
promise1 or de$ ( gift4    #i4 ,x       
in/itute? c]ta9 m9i/]s z 8 own *ur*     
(fic]s1 &  p]fectly describe? _! (fice1 
z in/itut$ by him4    #aj4 ,x in/itute? 
! =m ( 8 *ur* univ]sal1 :i* is call$  8 
body2 & also ( p>ticul> holy societies =
 8 wor%ip2 &  prescribe? !m c]ta9       
duties1 z ! common wor%ip !re to be     
p]=m$4    #aa4 ,x det]m9e? ( a weekly   
day1 ev5 ! fir/1 to be sep>at$  = & us$ 

9 ?is holy wor%ip4    #ab4 ,x is a      
p]fect g5]al rule = ! regulat+ ( ^? ?+s1
  :i* x do? n comm& or =bid 9 p>ticul>4 
,z t all be done  wisely1 to            
edification1 9 *>ity1 peace1 concord1   
season1 ord]1 c4    #ac4 ,x give? to    
magi/rates1 pa/ors1 p>5ts1 & o!r        
sup]iors1  all t p[] by :i* !y are      
au?oriz$ to oblige u1 "u ,god1  to any  
undet]m9$ p>ticul>s4    #ad4 ,x is !    
p]fect rule ( ,*ri/'s judg+1 rew>d+1 &  
puni%+ at la/1 accord+ to :i* he w      
proce$4    #ae4 ,x is ! only law t is   
made by primitive p[]4    #af4 ,& ! only
 law t is made by infallible wisdom4    
#ag4 ,& ! only law :i* is faultless1 &  
ha? no?+ 9 x t  w d ! subject any h>m4  
#ah4 ,& ! only law :i* is f absolute    
p[]1 ! rule ( all  o!r laws1 & f :i* !re
 is f9ally no appeal4#cgh    ,?us f> !  
holy ,scripture ) ! law ( nature is our 
p]fect  rule4 ,b n 9 any ( ! foll[+     
respects4    #a4 ,x is no p>ticul>      
revelation or p]fect rule ( natural     
sci5ces1  z physics1 metaphysics1 c4    

#b4 ,x is no rule = ! arts1 = m$ic9e1   
music1 ari?metic1  geometry1 a/ronomy1  
gramm>1 rhetoric1 logic2 nor = !        
me*anics1  z navigation1 ar*itecture2 & 
all ! trades & occupations (  m52 no1 n 
husb&ry by :i* we h our food4    #c4 ,x 
is no p>ticul> rule = all ! mutable1    
subord9ate duties (  any societies4 ,x w
 n s]ve in/ead ( all ! /atutes ( ?is  & 
all o!r l&s1 nor tell u1 :5 ! t]ms %all 
beg9 & end1  nor :at "w e p>5t & ma/]   
%all set 8 *ildr5 &  s]vants 9 8 family1
 c4    #d4 ,x is no full rule 9 p>ticul>
 = all ^? political pr9ciples  :i* are !
 gr\nd ( human laws2 z :e!r ea* republic
 be  mon>*ical1 ari/ocratical1 or       
democratical2 :at p]son or ( :at  family
 %all reign2 :o %all be 8 (fic]s &      
judges1 & h[  div]sifi$2 s ( 8 treasury1
 munition1 co91 c4    #e4 ,x is no rule 
( propriety 9 p>ticul>1 by :i* e man may
  "k :i* is 8 own l&1 or h\se1 or goods1
 or cattle4    #f4 ,x is no p>ticul>    
rule = our natural actions2 :at meat we 
%all eat2 :at clo!s we %all we>2 s ( our

 re/1 lab\r1 c4    #g4 ,x is no p>ticul>
 law or rule = any ( all ^? actions &   
circum/ances ab\t religion or ,god's own
 ord9ances1 :i* he ha?  only comm&$ 9   
g5]al1 & left 9 specie or p>ticul> to be
  det]m9$ by man accord+ to 8 g5]al     
laws2 b ( ^! next4    #cgg #b ,tim4 iii4
 #af2 #b ,pet4 i4 #aj2 #b ,tim4 iii4    
#ae2 ,rom4 xv4 #d2 xvi4  #bf2 ,john v4  
#ci2 ,acts xvii4 #b1 #aa2 ,john xix4    
#bd1 #bh1 #cf1 #cg4    #cgh ,psal4 xii4 
#f2 xix4 #g-aj2 cxix4      ,que/4       
,,cxxxi4 ,:at additions or human        
inv5tions 9 or ab\t  religion1 n comm&$ 
9 ,scripture1 are lawful or unlawful8   
,answ4 #a4 ,^! foll[+ are unlawful4 #a4 
,to feign any new article  ( fai? or    
doctr9e1 any precept1 promise1 ?reat5+1 
prophecy1 or  revelation1 falsely to    
fa!r x ^u ,god1 & say1 t x is (  him1 or
 8 special ^w4#cgi    #b4 ,to say t ei!r
 t is writt5 9 ! ,bible :i* is n1 or  t 
any ?+ is ! s5se ( a text :i* is n2 & s 
t any  ?+ is a s9 or a duty by          
,scripture :i* is n4 ,or to fa!r        

apocryphal books1 or texts1 or words ^u 
! ,_s ( ,*ri/4    #c4 ,to make any law =
 ! *ur* univ]sal1 or z obligatory to all
  *ri/ians2 :i* is to usurp ! sov]eignty
 ( ,*ri/2 = :i*  treasonable usurpation 
x is t prote/ants call ! pope1          
anti*ri/4    #d4 ,to add new p>ts to !  
*ri/ian religion4    #e4 ,to make any   
law1 :i* x did prop]ly belong to !      
univ]sal  ,sov]eign to h made1 if x %\ld
 h be5 made at all3 or :i*  implie? an  
accusation ( ignorance1 ov]sight1 error1
 or omission1 9  ,*ri/ & ! holy         
,scriptures4    #f4 ,to make new laws = 
m5's inw>d he>t duties t[>ds ,god4      
#g4 ,to make new sacram5ts = ! seal+ (  
,*ri/'s cov5ant &  collation ( 8 b5efits
 !re9 conta9$1 & to ! public  tess]1    
badges or symbols ( *ri/ians &          
*ri/ianity 9 !  _w4    #h4 ,to feign new
 conditions ( ! cov5ant ( ,god1 &       
necess>y means  ( our ju/ification1     
adoption1 & salvation4    #i4 ,to alt]  
,*ri/'s in/itut$ *ur* m9i/ry1 or add any
 t are  supra-ord9ate1 co-ord9ate1 or   

d]ogatory to _! (fice1 or t  /& on ! l  
pret5d$ gr\nd1 & = equal ends4    #aj4  
,to make new spiritual societies or *ur*
 =ms :i* %all be  ei!r supra-ord9ate1   
co-ord9ate1 or d]ogatory to ! =ms (     
,*ri/'s in/itution4#chj    #aa4 ,any    
impositions ^u ! *ur*es 7be ! ?+ nev] s 
lawful7  :i* is made by a pret5d$ p[] n 
d]iv$ f ,god & !  ,r$eem]4#cha    #ab4  
,any ?+ t is contr>y to ! *ur*'s good & 
edification1  to ju/ice1 *>ity1 piety1  
ord]1 unity1 or peace4#chb    #ac4 ,any 
unnecess>y burd5 impos$ on ! consci5ces 
( *ri/ians2  especially z necess>y ei!r 
to _! salvation1 communion1 lib]ty1  or 
peace4    #ad4 ,& ! ex]cise ( any p[]1  
pret5d$ to be ei!r primitive  & und]iv$1
 or infallible1 or impeccable1 or       
absolute4    #ae4 ,9 g5]al1 any ?+ t is 
contr>y to ! au?ority1 matt]1  =m1      
obligation1 hon\r1 or ends ( ! laws (   
,god1 9 nature or  ,scripture4    #af4  
,any ?+ :i* sette? up ^? judaical laws &
 c]emonies  :i* ,*ri/ ha? abrogat$1 9 t 
=m & respect 9 :i* he  abrogat$ !m4     

#ag4 ,:]e !re is a d\bt among sob]1     
conscionable *ri/ians1 le/  9 obey+ man 
!y %\ld s9 aga9/ ,god & disobey 8 laws1 
&  ! matt] d\bt$ ( is confess$          
unnecess>y by ! impos]s3 s  inf9ite is !
 di/ance betwe5 ,god & man1 & s :olly   
dep5d5t  on him are ! highe/1 t !y %\ld 
be exce$+ly unwill+ to  vie ) ! au?ority
 ( _! ,mak] 9 m5's consci5ces1 or to d  
any ?+ unnecess>y :i* t5de? to compel m5
 to tread d[n ,god's  au?ority 9 _!     
consci5ces1 & to pref] man's4 ,mu* m    
unwill+ %\ld !y be1 to sil5ce ! sob]    
prea*]s ( ,*ri/'s  gospel ^u su*        
acc\nts4    #cgi ,deut4 xii4 #cb2 ,rev4 
xxii4 #ah2 ,col4 ii4 #ah1 #bc-bf2 ,matt4
 xv4 #c1  #h1 #i2 ,gal4 i4 #h1 #i2 ,j]4 
v4 #ab2 xiv4 #ad2 xxiii4 #be1 #bf1 #cb2 
,ezek4  xiii4 #i1 #ai2 xxii4 #bh2 ,ze*4 
xiii4 #b-f4    #chj ,gal4 ii4 #e4       
#cha ,acts xv4 #bc-be4    #chb #b ,cor4 
x4 #h2 xiii4 #aj2 #a ,cor4 xiv4 #e1 #ab1
 #bf2 #b ,cor4 xii4 #ai2  ,eph4 iv4 #ab1
 #af2 #a ,tim4 i4 #d4      ,que/4       
,,cxxxii4 ,is x unlawful to obey 9 all  

^? cases1 :]e x is  unlawful to impose &
 comm&8 ,or 9 :at cases8 ,& h[ f> pa/ors
  mu/ be believ$ & obey$8    ,answ4 ,i  
mu/ entreat ! read] c>efully to di/+ui% 
"h1 #a4  ,betwe5 ,god's law =bidd+ rul]s
 to d evil2 & 8 law =bidd+  subjects or 
private m54    #b4 ,betwe5 ob$i5ce      
=mally s call$2 :i* is1 :5 we !re=e     
obey 9 consci5ce1 because x is comm&$1 &
 ! comm&]'s  au?ority is ! =mal reason &
 object ( our ob$i5ce3 &  ob$i5ce       
mat]ial only1 :i* is prop]ly no ob$i5ce1
 b a do+  ! ?+ :i* is comm&$ ^u o!r     
reasons1 & n at all  because x is       
comm&$4    #c4 ,betwe5 =mal ob$i5ce to !
 (fice ( ! rul] 9 g5]al1 &  =mal ob$i5ce
 to him1 z comm&+ ?is v matt] 9         
p>ticul>4    #d4 ,betwe5 su* au?ority 9 
! rul] z w w>rant 8 impositions  be=e   
,god = 8 own ju/ification2 & su*        
au?ority z may make  x my duty to obey  
him4 ,& s ,i answ]1    #a4 ,we %all n be
 judg$ by ^? laws ( ,god :i* made !     
rul]'s  duty1 b by t :i* made our own4  
,x is n all "o to say1 ,?\  %alt n comm&

 x1 & to say1 ,?\ %alt n d x4    #b4    
,:atev] ,god absolutely =bidde? m5 to d1
 we mu/ n d1  :oev] comm& x4    #c4 ,!re
 are _m ( ! ?+s =em5tion$ absolutely &  
always  unlawful1 z be+ evil ( !mselves1
 :i* no man may ei!r comm&  or d2 & !re 
are "s ( !m1 :i* are only evil by       
accid5t1  :i* may n be comm&$1 b may be 
done :5 contr>y1 weighti]  accid5ts d   
prepond]ate4    #d4 ,_m su* ?+s may be  
done mat]ially on o!r reasons1 7z =  !  
*ur*'s good1 ! fur!rance ( ! gospel1 !  
w9n+ ( m5  to ,god1 ! avoid+ ( sc&al1 or
 ( hurt to o!rs or ourselves1  c47 :5 !y
 are n to be done 9 =mal ob$i5ce1 out ( 
consci5ce to ! au?ority impos+ 7z if x  
be comm&$ by "o  t ha? no j p[]74    #e4
 ,our actions may p>ticipate ( ob$i5ce 9
 g5]al1 z be+  actions ( subjects1 :5 !y
 are n ob$i5ce 9 ! full &  p]fect       
=mality z to ! p>ticul>4 ,! la/ leaf (  
,ri*>d  ,hook]'s eigh? book ( ,eccles4  
,polit4 w %[ y ! reason (  ?is4 ,he t   
ha? n j p[] to comm& me ?is "o p>ticul> 
act1 yet may be my rul] 9 ! g5]al1 & ,i 

am b\nd to hon\r him  9 g5]al z my rul]2
 & to disobey him 9 a ?+ lawful = me to 
d1 ?\gh n = him to comm&1 may be        
di%on\r+ ( him1 & an  appe>ance (       
disob$i5ce & d5ial ( 8 p[]4#chc ,a p>5t 
is  =bidd5 by ,god to comm& 8 *ild to   
speak an idle ^w1 or to d  a va9 &      
useless action 7mu* m a hurtful74 ,yet  
if a p>5t  %\ld comm& a *ild to speak an
 idle ^w1 or d a va9 action1 !  duty (  
ob$i5ce w\ld make x at t "t n to be va9 
& idle  to him2 yea1 if he bid him ?r[  
away a cup ( w9e1 or a piece (  bread1  
:i* is evil :5 causeless1 ! *ild may be 
b\nd to d x3  n only because he kn[e? n 
b ! p>5ts may h lawful ends  & reasons =
 _! comm&1 7z to try & ex]cise 8        
ob$i5ce17  b also if he 7 sure t x 7 n  
s2 because he is a subject1  & ! hon\r+ 
( a p>5t is s great a good1 & ! di%on\r+
  him by t disob$i5ce may h su* ill     
consequ5ces1 z w  prepond]ate ! evil ( !
 loss ( a cup ( w9e1 c4 ,yet 9 ?is      
case1 ! act ( ob$i5ce is b mix$3 x is an
 act ( subjection  or hon\r to a p>5t1  

because 9 g5]al he is a gov]nor3 b x is 
b mat]ially ob$i5ce 9 respect ( t       
p>ticul> matt]1 :i*  we "k he _h no     
au?ority to comm&4    #f4 ,9 ?is        
respect1 !re=e1 a rul] may h s mu* p[] z
 may  induce on ! subject an obligation 
to obey1 & yet n s mu* z  may ju/ify 8  
comm&s be=e ,god1 nor save himself f    
div9e  puni%m5t4    ,i add ?is s        
di/9ctly1 le/ any %\ld misapply ,mr4    
,ri*4 ,hook]'s  doctr9e a=esaid1 ,eccl4 
,pol4 lib4 viii4 p4 #bbc1 #bbd4 ,z = !m 
t ex]cise p[] altoge!r aga9/ ord]1 ?\gh 
! k9d ( p[]  :i* !y h may be ( ,god1 yet
 is _! ex]cise !re( aga9/  ,god1 & !re=e
 n ( ,god1 o!rwise ?an by p]mission1 z  
all  inju/ice is4--,usurp]s ( p[]1 :]eby
 we d n mean !m t by  viol5ce h aspir$  
unto places ( highe/ au?ority1 b !m t   
use m au?ority ?an !y did ev] receive 9 
=m & mann]1  be=e m5tion$4--,su* usurp]s
 !re(1 z 9 ! ex]cise ( _!  p[]1 d m ?an 
!y h be5 au?oriz$ to d1 _c 9  consci5ce 
b9d any man to ob$i5ce4    ,le/ any %\ld
 ga!r h5ce t !y are nev] b\nd 9         

consci5ce  to obey _! p>5ts1 _! k+1 _!  
pa/ors1 9 any po9t :]e9  !y ex]cise m   
p[] ?an ,god gave !m1 ,i ?\ght meet to  
speak  m exactly to t po9t1 :i* ne$$ ?is
 di/+ui%+4 ,= !  gr\nd is sure t ,!re is
 no p[] b ( ,god2#chd & t ,god  ha? giv5
 no man p[] aga9/ himself1 8 laws &     
s]vice2 b yet  !re are _m cases 9 :i*   
,god b9de? *ildr5 & subjects to  obey _!
 sup]iors1 9 su* matt]s z !y did s9fully
 comm&4    #g4 ,x greatly conc]ne? all  
sob] *ri/ians !re=e to be well  /udi$ 9 
! law ( ,god1 t we may c]ta9ly "k :at ^?
  ?+s are :i* ,god ha? absolutely =bidd5
 u to d1 :oev]  comm& !m1 & to di/+ui%  
!m f ?+s t dep5d on  mutable accid5ts2 t
 z ! ?ree witnesses & ,daniel1 ,dan4    
iii4  vi4 we may be true to ,god :atev] 
we suff] = x2 & yet may obey  m5 9 all t
 is our duty to !m4    ,?us ! apo/les   
knew t no man _h p[] f ,god to sil5ce   
!m1  or p]secute !m = ! gospel4 ,!re=e  
!y w\ld n obey ^?  t =bad !m to prea*2 &
 yet !y w\ld appe> be=e any  magi/rate t
 comm&$ !m1 & obey _! summons2 & s we   

may  d ev5 to a usurp]1 or a private    
man4    #h4 ,! pr9cipal & mo/ notable   
case1 9 :i* we mu/ obey :5 a  rul]      
s9fully comm&e?1 is1 :5 ! matt] :i* he  
comm&e? is  n su* z is ei!r =bidd5 u by 
,god1 or out ( ! v]ge ( 8  place & call+
 at all to m$dle ) & comm&1 nor yet su* 
z  is de/ructive ( our duty to ,god2 b  
su* z 9 g5]al belonge? to  8 (fice to   
det]m9e ( accord+ to ,god's g5]al rules2
 b he  misse? x 9 ! mann] & goe? aga9/  
^? rules2 yet n s f>  z to de/roy ! duty
 we owe to ,god1 or ! end ( x4    ,=    
in/ance1 x is n 9 ! rul]'s p[] to       
det]m9e :e!r  !re %all be prea*+ or     
none1 true doctr9e or false1 c4 ,b x  is
 9 8 p[] to regulate ! circum/ances (   
"t1 place1 c4  7next to be recit$74 ,n[ 
if he d ^! to ord]1 unity1 &            
edification1 ,i w obey him =mally &     
fully = consci5ce sake4  ,if he s d x z 
is de/ructive to ! end1 7z is a=esaid17 
z to  say1 ,y %all meet only at tw5ty   
miles' di/ance1 or only at  midnight1 c4
 ,i w obey him no fur!r ?an necessity & 

! common  good require? me4 ,if he d x  
only ) a tol]able inconv5i5ce1  7z to   
say1 ,y %all meet no :]e b 9 ! op5      
fields1 c47 ,i  w obey = consci5ce sake1
 z ,i am 9 g5]al a subject b\nd to      
hon\r ! magi/rate2 b n z he name? an    
unmeet circum/ance1 9  t respect my     
ob$i5ce %all be b mat]ial4    ,i ne$ n  
h&le x z a di/9ct "q1 ,:e!r pa/ors are  
to be  believ$ or obey$ any fur!r ?an !y
 %[ a ^w ( ,god reveal+  & comm&+ !     
p>ticul> ?+8 ,div9e fai? & ob$i5ce is "o
  ?+1 & human is ano!r4 #a4 ,if z a     
prea*] he %all say1 ,?is is  ,god's ^w1 
believe x & obey x z su*1 y mu/ believe 
) a  human fai? t x is lik] t he kn[e?  
:at he sai?1 ?an y  d1 7unless1 7#a47 ,y
 see evid5ce2 7#b47 ,or ! cons5t ( m    
cr$ible p]sons to be aga9/ him1 & !n y  
are n to believe  him at all74 ,ev5 z a 
*ild believe? 8 tea*] 9 ord] to le>n  ! 
?+s himself1 s y are s f> to take 8 ^w  
:ile y are  le>n+ to "k :e!r x be s or  
n4 ,b n to re/ 9 x z  c]ta91 nor to take
 y\r belief ( him & ob$i5ce to him1 to  

be a  believ+ & obey+ ,god =mally1 ?\gh 
a duty4    #chc ,eph4 v4 #bd2 ,col4 iii4
 #bj1 #bb2 ,rom4 xiii4 #a-f4    #chd    
,john xix4 #aa2 ,rom4 xiii4 #a4         
,que/4 ,,cxxxiii4 ,:at are ! additions  
or inv5tions ( m5 :i* are  n =bidd5 by !
 ^w ( ,god 7:e!r by rul]s or by private 
m5  inv5t$78    ,answ4 ,?is is h&l$ "u !
 directions = wor%ip2 to :i* ,i  ref] ! 
read]1 z also = "p ( ! answ] to ! =m]   
cases4  ,yet "h ,i %all tr\ble y ) s mu*
 repetition1 z to say1 t1    #a4 ,su*   
inv5tions & additions are lawful z ,god 
ha? comm&$ m5  7rul]s1 pa/ors1 p>5ts1 or
 private p]sons7 to make "u !           
regulation ( 8 g5]al laws4    #b4 ,all  
su* additions are lawful z are m]ely    
subord9ate &  subs]vi5t to ,god's laws &
 ord]s1 & n =bidd5 by him1 among  !     
=em5tion$ prohibit$ additions4          
,in/ances are _m4 #a4 ,all su* modes ( a
 duty z are necess>y 9  g5]e1 or "o way 
or o!r to be det]m9$ (1 b left to human 
prud5ce z to p>ticul>s4 ,z1 #a4 ,:e!r ,i
 %all 7?is week or  mon?7 publi% !      

gospel by speak+1 or by writ+1 or by    
pr9t+4  #b4 ,:e!r ,i %all use ?is me?od1
 or t1 or ano!r me?od 9 ?is  s]mon4 #c4 
,:e!r ,i %all use ^! phrases & words1 or
 o!r  words4 #d4 ,:e!r ,i %all use notes
 = my memory or n4 ,& :e!r  l>ge ones or
 %ort ones4 #e4 ,:e!r ,i %all be an h\r 
or two 9  prea*+4 #f4 ,:e!r ,i %all     
prea* ) a l\d voice or a l[4 #g4  ,:e!r 
,i %all at ?is "t m endeav\r explication
 or  application1 com=t or t]ror1       
repreh5sion or direction1 c4 ,all  :i*  
are to be v>i$ by man's lawful inv5tion 
accord+ to ,god's  g5]al rules4    #b4  
,x is also lawful & ne$ful1 t our own   
inv5tion or our  sup]ior's accord+ to   
,god's g5]al laws1 d det]m9e ( !        
p>ticul> subjects ( our (fice2 :i*      
,scripture do? n  p>ticul>ly det]m9e (1 
viz4 #a4 ,scripture telle? n m9i/]s  :at
 c\ntry1 p>i%1 or *ur* !y %all be/[ _!  
lab\rs 94 #b4  ,nor to h[ _m !y %all be 
a pa/or4 #c4 ,nor :at text or subject   
!y %all prea* on4 #d4 ,nor :at s+ul>    
p]sons !y %all apply  com=t1 c\nsel1 or 

t]ror to1 ?is or t4 #e4 ,nor :om !y %all
  admit to ! sacram5t 7b by ! g5]al rule
 or description74 #f4  ,nor :om !y %all 
op5ly rebuke or excommunicate4 #g4 ,nor 
:om !y  %all absolve4 ,x telle? !m n :om
 ! p]sons be to :om !  ,scripture "* do?
 belong1 9 any ( ^! cases4 #h4 ,nor     
:e!r ! witnesses say truly or falsely :o
 accuse a man4 #i4 ,nor  :e!r ! accus$  
be to be tak5 z guilty ( h]esy1 sc&al1  
or  s*ism1 c4    #c4 ,x is also a lawful
 inv5tion ( man1 to f9d1 *oose1 & use1  
su* natural helps1 z are useful to fur!r
 u 9 ! ob$i5ce (  ,god's laws1 & !      
practice ( 8 wor%ip1 & are n =bidd5 by  
him4 ,yea1 9 g5]e !y are comm&$1 & yet  
nev] p>ticul>ly  det]m9$ ( 9 !          
,scripture3 z1 #a4 ,:at w cle> a        
prea*]'s  voice1 to speak audibly4 #b4  
,! advantage ( a pulpit to be above !   
p4 #c4 ,! use ( spectacles to !m t ne$  
!m to read !  ,scripture4 #d4 ,!        
translat+ ( ! ,scriptures into our      
native  language4 #e4 ,:i* translation (
 _m we %all use 9 ! *ur*es4  #f4 ,!     

pr9t+ ( ! ,bible4 #g4 ,! divid+ x into  
*apt]s &  v]ses4 #h4 ,! pr9t+ ( good    
books1 to exp\nd & apply !  ,scripture2 
comm5t>ies1 s]mons1 c4 #i4 ,! =ms (     
s*ool  ex]cises1 disputations1 c4 to    
prep>e /ud5ts = ! m9i/ry2 &  :at books (
 div9ity tutors %all read to _! pupils1 
or e  /ud5t %all h 9 8 libr>y4 #aj4 ,!  
mann] & tune ( s++  psalms 9 ! *ur*es4  
#aa4 ,:at v]sion or metre to use1 ?is or
  t4 #ab4 ,:at =m ( cate*ism1 7v]bal1   
writt51 or pr9t$17 to  use among _m1 9 !
 *ur* or family4 #ac4 ,:e!r to pray 9 ! 
same words (t51 or 9 v>i\s4 #ad4 ,:e!r  
to use words ( our own  compos+ or      
inv5tion prim>ily1 or ( o!r m5's2 & t by
  direction1 p]suasion1 or comm&4 #ae4  
,to use a writt5 or pr9t$  =m1 or nei!r2
 to read x on ! book1 or speak x by     
memory4 #af4  ,to use ,scripture =ms    
only1 ( pray]1 praise1 psalms & hymns1  
or  ^? t are ( lat] composure also4 #ag4
 ,to pr9t ! ,bible & use  x ) m>g9al    
notes1 & cont5ts1 or )\t4 #ah4 ,to      
baptize 9 a  riv]1 well1 pool1 or font4 

#ai4 ,to h sponsors or witnesses ( !    
p>5ts' tru/9ess1 & ! *ild's cov5ant1 or 
n4 #bj4 ,at h[ _m  days old *ildr5 %all 
be baptiz$4 #ba4 ,:e!r !y %all be nam$  
9 baptism1 or be=e1 or aft]4 #bb4 ,:e!r 
"o ( ! m9i/]s  %all be a tutor or tea*] 
to ! re/ t are y\ng]4 #bc4 ,h[ f>  ! re/
 %all submit _! judgm5ts to "o t is     
elde/ &  able/1 & be rul$ by him4 #bd4  
,:e!r !re %all be any  deaconnesses 9 ! 
*ur*4 #be4 ,:e!r a *ur* %all h "o       
m9i/]1 two1 or m4 #bf4 ,:o %all be ! m54
 #bg4 ,:at space (  gr\nd %all be ! *ur*
 b\nds1 = ! cohabitation ( !  memb]s4   
#bh4 ,h[ _m neighb\r *ur*es %all make a 
synod2 & :i*  be !y4 #bi4 ,h[ _m memb]s 
a synod %all consi/ (4 #cj4 ,:o %all  be
 presid5t4 ,or :e!r any4 ,& :o %all ga!r
 ! votes4 #ca4 ,:o  %all record _! acts1
 z scribe4 #cb4 ,:at mess5g] %all c>ry  
!m to ! *ur*es4 #cc4 ,:at lett]s =      
correspond5ce &  communion %all be      
writt5 to ! *ur*es4 #cd4 ,:5 pa/ors %all
  remove f "o *ur* to ano!r2 & to :i*4  
#ce4 ,:o %all be  orda9$ m9i/]s to      

prea*1 baptize1 & ga!r *ur*es4 #cf4 ,h[ 
_m ! orda9]s %all be4 #cg4 ,:e!r !re    
%all be any music by  in/rum5ts 9 ! *ur*
 or h\se1 = ! praises ( ,god2 & :at4    
#ch4 ,:o %all lead ! psalm4 #ci4 ,:o    
%all read4 #dj4 ,:at words !  *ur*'s    
pr(ession ( fai? %all be express$ by4   
#da4 ,by :at signs  ! *ur* %all signify 
_! cons5t2 :e!r lift+ up ! h&1  /&+ up1 
b[+ ! head1 or by voice1 or writ+4 #db4 
,by :at  sign or c]emony m5 %all take an
 oa?2 :e!r lift+ up ! h&  t[>ds heav51  
or lay+ x on a book1 or kiss+ ! book1 c4
 #dc4  ,:e!r ! p at ! sacram5t sit ne> !
 table1 or keep  f>!r (f4 #dd4 ,:e!r x  
be put into ea* p]son's h&1 or !y  take 
x !mselves4 ,) _m m su* l4    #d4 ,& x  
is a lawful inv5tion to det]m9e ( m]e   
circum/ances (  "t & place :i* ,god ha? 
n det]m9$ ( 9 ,scripture3 z1 #a4  ,at h[
 _m times 9 ! ye> or week1 baptism %all 
be adm9i/]$4  #b4 ,at :at age p]sons be 
admitt$ to ! ,"l's supp]4 #c4 ,on :at   
days & h\rs ( ! week !re %all be        
lectures1 or *ur*  assemblies4 #d4 ,h[  

(t & :5 m9i/]s %all cate*ise & in/ruct  
! p privately4 #e4 ,on :at h\r ! *ur*   
%all assemble on !  ,"l's days1 &       
receive ! sacram5t4 #f4 ,h[ long pray]1 
read+1  & s]mon %all be4 #g4 ,at :at h\r
 to end ! public ex]cises4 #h4  ,at :at 
h\rs to pray 9 families or 9 secret4 #i4
 ,h[ (t5  discipl9>y meet+s %all be     
held1 = ! trial ( accus$ memb]s4  #aj4  
,h[ (t5 synods %all meet2 & h[ long     
cont9ue4 ,( holy days  be=e4    #e4 ,!  
same is to be said = ! places ( holy    
ex]cises4 #a4 ,:at  edifices ! *ur* %all
 h = su* uses8 #b4 ,9 :at places !y     
%all be situate8 #c4 ,:]e ! pulpit %all 
/&8 #d4 ,& :]e !  font8 #e4 ,& :]e !    
table8 #f4 ,:]e ea* ( ! p %all sit8  #g4
 ,:]e synods %all meet8 #h4 ,h[ _m      
temples %all be 9 a city8  c4    #f4 ,! 
same is to be said ( all accid5tal1     
subord9ate (fic]s2 z  lectur]s1 cl]ks1  
door-keep]s1 *ur*w>d5s1 & _m be=e       
m5tion$4    #g4 ,! same is to be said ( 
*ur* ut5sils2 z table1 cups1 l951       
pulpits1 fonts1 clock1 h\r-glass1 bells1

 seats1 dec5t habit (  clo!s1 c4    #h4 
,! same may be said ( dec5t ge/ures1 n  
p>ticul>ly  comm&$2 z :at ge/ure to     
prea* 91 /&+ or sitt+8 ,:at  ge/ure to  
read 98 ,:at ge/ure to he> 98 ,:at      
ge/ure to s+  psalms 98 ,:e!r to be     
cov]$ or b>e-head$8 ,9 :at ge/ure to    
receive ! ,"l's supp]8 7,9 :i*          
,scripture no m regulate? u1  ?an ( !   
room1 ! h\r ( communicat+1 ! numb] (    
communicants1 ! place2 9 all :i* ,*ri/'s
 example 0 n a  p>ticul> law47    #i4 ,!
 same may be said ( ord]4 #a4 ,:e!r !   
pa/or %all beg9  ) pray]1 read+1 or     
exhortation8 #b4 ,:e!r ! p %all  beg9 ) 
pray] or ejaculations privately8 #c4    
,:e!r we %all make  b "o or two long    
cont9u$ pray]s1 or _m %ort ones8 #d4    
,:e!r  we %all pray be=e s]mon          
imm$iately1 & aft]1 9 ! pulpit or  9 !  
read+ place8 #e4 ,:5 ! psalms %all be   
said or sung1 &  h[ _m8 #f4 ,h[ _m      
*apt]s %all be read8 & :i* & 9 :at      
ord]8 #g4 ,:e!r baptism %all be be=e1 or
 aft]1 or :58 #h4 ,:5  ! cate*um5s &    

le>n]s %all be dismiss$1 & ! prop]      
eu*>i/ical *ur* ex]cises beg98 #i4 ,:5  
collections made8 c4    ,b1 ,o ,"l1 h   
compassion on ?y scatt]$ flock1 :o are  
afflict$  & divid$ by ! imp]i\sness ( ^?
 pa/ors1 :o ?9k x n  en\gh = ! ex]cise (
 _! dom9ation1 to promote all ?9e own   
holy laws & doctr9es1 & to make _! own  
canons 9 all ^!  cases1 or su* l2 b !y  
mu/ ne$s make m "w ?an all ?is  come?   
to1 = !mselves & = _! flocks1 ev5 unto  
^?  di/ractions1 & dissipations1 & fi]ce
 p]secutions &  cont5tions1 :i* _m      
hundr$ ye>s h ex]cis$ ! ,greek &  ,lat9 
*ur*es1 & _m m ?r\gh\t ! _w4      ,que/4
 ,,cxxxiv4 ,:at are ! mis*iefs (        
unlawful additions 9  religion8         
,answ4 ,alas6 _m & great4 #a4 ,!y t5d to
 de?rone ,*ri/ f 8  sov]eignty1 &       
legislative pr]ogative4 #b4 ,& to       
advance man1 bl9d  & s9ful man1 into 8  
place4 #c4 ,& !reby to debase religion1 
mak+ x b a human or a mix$ ?+ 7& x c be 
no m noble  ?an its au?or is74 #d4 ,&   
!reby !y debase also ! *ur* (  ,god1 & !

 gov]nm5t ( x1 :ile !y make x to be b a 
human  policy1 & n div9e4 #e4 ,!y t5d to
 depose ,god f 8 au?ority  9 m5's       
consci5ces1 & to level or jo9 him !re b 
) man4 #f4  ,!y t5d to m5's d\btfulness 
& unc]ta9ty ( _! religion2  see+ man is 
fallible1 & s may 8 con/itutions be4 #g4
 ,!y t5d  to drive out all true religion
 f ! _w1 :ile man t is s  bad is ! mak] 
( x2 & x may be suspect$ to be bad1 t is
  made by s bad an au?or4 #h4 ,& x take?
 (f ! fe> ( ,god1 &  8 judgm5t3 = x is  
man t mu/ be fe>$1 s f> z man is !  mak]
 ( ! law4 ,& x de/roye? ! consolation ( 
believ]s1  :i* consi/e? 9 ! hopes ( a   
rew>d f ,god2 = he t  s]ve? man1 mu/ be 
rew>d$ by man2 & ?\gh !y d n exclude    
,god1 b jo9 him ) !mselves1 yet ?is     
mixture debase? &  de/roye? religion1 z 
! mixture ( ,god & mammon 9 m5's love1  
& z mix$ & debas$ metals d ! sov]eign's 
co94 #i4 ,x  h>d5e? infidels & h9d]e? _!
 conv]sion2 = !y w  rev]5ce no m ( our  
religion ?an we c prove to be div9e3 &  
:5 !y f9d "o "p ( x to be human1 !y     

suspect ! re/ to be  s too1 & contemn x 
all2 ev5 z prote/ants d pop]y1 = !      
abundance ( human tr9kets & toys ) :i*  
we see !m ex]cise  & delude _! silly    
foll[]s4 #aj4 ,x is ! great eng9e (     
divid+ all ! *ur*es1 & bre$+ & fe$+     
cont5tions 9 !  *ri/ian _w4 #aa4 ,&     
because m5 t w comm&1 w be  obey$1 & !y 
t are absolutely subject$ to ,god1 w    
obey none  aga9/ him1 :atev] x co/ !m1  
7z ,dan4 iii42 vi42 ,heb4 xi42 ,luke    
xiv4 #bf1 #cc2 ,matt4 v4 #aj-ab17 !re=e 
x ha? prov$ ! occasion (  bloody        
p]secutions 9 ! *ur*es1 by :i* pr(ess$  
*ri/ians  draw ! guilt ( *ri/ian blood  
^u !mselves4 #ab4 ,& h]eby x  ha?       
dolefully h9d]$ ! gospel1 :ile !        
p]secutors h  sil5c$ _m wor?y1          
conscionable prea*]s ( x4 #ac4 ,& by ?is
 x  ha? qu5*$ *>ity 9 ! he>ts ( bo?     
sides1 & taught !  suff]]s & ! afflict]s
 to be equally bitt] 9 c5sur+ if n      
dete/+ "o ano!r4 #ad4 ,& ! infidels see+
 ^! diss5sions  & bitt] passions among  
*ri/ians1 d]ide1 & scorn1 & hate !m     

all4#che #ae4 ,yea1 su* causes z ^! 9 ! 
,lat9 & ,greek  *ur*es h engag$ n only  
emp]ors & pr9ces aga9/ _! own  subjects1
 s t *ronicles & books ( m>tyrs         
p]petuate _!  di%on\r1 z ,pilate's "n is
 9 ! cre$2 b also h set !m 9  bloody w>s
 among !mselves4 ,^! h be5 ! fruits1 &  
?is is  ! t5d5cy ( usurp+ ,*ri/'s       
pr]ogative ov] 8 religion &  wor%ip 9 8 
*ur*4    ,& ! greatness ( ! s9 appe>e? 9
 ^! aggravations4 #a4 ,x is  a m>k (    
pitiful ignorance & pride :5 du/ %all   
?us 7l  ,nebu*adnezz>7 exalt itself     
aga9/ ,god1 to its c]ta9 infamy &       
abasem5t4    #b4 ,x %[e? t m5 little "k 
!mselves1 t ?9k !mselves  fit to be !   
mak]s ( a religion = s _m o!rs3 & t !y  
h base ?\ghts ( all o!r m51 :ile !y ?9k 
!m unfit to  wor%ip ,god any o!r way1   
?an t ( _! mak+2 & ?9k t  !y w all s f> 
d5y ,god z to take up a religion t is   
made  by man4    #c4 ,x %[s t !y are mu*
 void ( love to o!rs1 t c ?us  use !m on
 s small occasion4    #d4 ,& x %[e? h[  
little true s5se or rev]5ce ( *ri/ian   

religion !y h !mselves :o c ?us debase  
x1 & equal _!  own inv5tions ) x4    #e4
 ,& x leave? m5 utt]ly unexcusable1 t w 
n take w>n+  by s _m hundr$ ye>s'       
exp]i5ces ( mo/ ( ! *ur*es ?r\gh  ! _w8 
,ev5 :5 we see ! yet cont9u$ divisions (
 ! ea/]n  & we/]n *ur*es1 & all ab\t a  
human religion 79 ! p>ts  mo/ cont5d$   
ab\t72 :5 !y read ( ! riv]s ( blood t h 
be5 %$ 9 ,pi$mont1 ,france1 ,g]many1    
,belgia1 ,pol&1 ,irel&1 &  ! flames 9   
,engl&1 & _m o!r nations1 & all = !     
human  p>ts ( m5's religion8 ,he t w yet
 g on & take no w>n+1  may g read !     
eighte5? & n9ete5? ( ! ,revelation1 &   
see  :at joy w be 9 heav5 & e>?1 :5 ,god
 %all d ju/ice ^u  su*4    ,b rememb] t 
,i speak all ?is ( no o!r1 ?an ^?       
expressly  "h describ$4    #che ,rom4   
xiv4 xv4      ,que/4 ,,cxxxv4 ,:at are !
 mis*iefs ( m5's error on ! o!r         
extreme1 :o pret5d t ,scripture is a    
rule :]e x is n1 &  d5y ! =esaid lawful 
?+s1 on pret5ce t ,scripture is a       
p]fect rule 7say "s1 = all ?+s78        

,answ4 #a4 ,!y fill _! own m9ds ) a     
multitude ( causeless  scruples1 :i* on 
_! pr9ciples c nev] be resolv$1 & s w   
give !mselves no re/4    #b4 ,!y make   
!mselves a religion ( _! own1 &         
sup]/ition is  _! daily devotion2 :i*   
be+ errone\s1 w n hang toge!r1  b is    
full ( contradictions 9 itself2 & :i*   
be+ human &  bad1 c nev] give true      
/ability to ! s\l4    #c4 ,h]eby !y sp5d
 _! days mu* 9 melan*oly tr\bles1 &     
unsettl$ di/ract+ d\bts & fe>s2 in/ead (
 ! joys ( solid  fai?1 & hope1 & love4  
#d4 ,& if !y escape1 ?is _! religion is 
cont5ti\s1 wrangl+1  c5sori\s1 &        
facti\s1 & _! zeal flie? out aga9/ ^? t 
diff] f _! peculi> sup]/itions &        
conceits4    #e4 ,& h]eupon !y are      
usually mutable & unsettl$ 9 _!         
religion2 ?is ye> = "o1 & ! next =      
ano!r2 because !re  is no c]ta9ty 9 _!  
own inv5tions & conceits4    #f4 ,&     
h]eupon !y /ill fall into manifold      
p>ties1 because ea*  man make? a        
religion to himself1 by 8               

mis9t]pretation ( ,god's  ^w2 s t !re is
 no end ( _! divisions4    #g4 ,& !y d a
 great deal ( hurt 9 ! *ur*1 by putt+ ! 
same  di/ract+ & divid+ conceits into ! 
heads ( o!rs4 ,& "y  *ri/ians1 & wom51 &
 ignorant1 well mean+ p1 t are n  able  
to "k :o is 9 ! "r1 d (t5 turn to t p>ty
 :i*  !y ?9k mo/ /rict & godly 7?\gh x  
be su* z our quak]s74  ,& ! v good      
conceit ( ! p :om !y take x f1 do?      
settle s /rong a prejudice 9 _! m9d1 z  
no argum5t or evid5ce  sc>cely c "w out2
 & s education1 conv]se1 & human        
e/imation bre$e? a succession ( divid]s1
 & tr\bl]s ( !  *ur*es4    #h4 ,!y s9   
aga9/ ,god by call+ good evil1 & light  
d>kness1 &  hon\r+ sup]/ition1 :i* is ! 
"w ( ,satan1 ) holy  names4#chf    #i4  
,!y s9 by add+ to ! ^w ( ,god2 :ile !y  
say ( abundance  ( lawful ?+s1 ,?is is  
unlawful1 & t is aga9/ ! ^w (  ,god1 &  
pret5d t _! ,t\* n1 ta/e n1 h&le n1 is 9
  ! ,scriptures4#chg ,= :ile !y make x a
 rule = e  circum/ance 9 p>ticul>1 !y   
mu/ squeeze1 & =ce1 & wre/  x1 to f9d   

out all ^? circum/ances 9 x :i* 7 nev]  
!re2  & s by false expositions make !   
,scriptures ano!r ?+4    #aj4 ,& h[     
great a s9 is x to fa!r ,satan's works  
on ,god1 & to  say t all ^! & ^! ?+s are
 =bidd5 or comm&$ 9 !  ,scripture1 & s  
to belie ! ,"l & ! ^w ( tru?4    #aa4 ,x
 engage? all subjects aga9/ _! rul]s'   
laws &  gov]nm5t1 & involve? !m 9 ! s9 (
 d5y+ !m j  ob$i5ce2 :ile all ! /atute  
book mu/ be f\nd 9 ! ,scriptures1  or   
else condemn$ z unlawful4    #ab4 ,x    
ma9ta9e? disob$i5ce 9 *ur*es1 & cause?  
s*isms &  confusions unavoidably2 = !y t
 w nei!r obey ! pa/ors1  nor jo9 ) !    
*ur*es1 till !y c %[ scriptures         
p>ticul>ly  = e translation1 me?od1     
metre1 tune1 & all t is done1 mu/  jo9 )
 no *ur*es 9 ! _w4    #ac4 ,x br+e?     
rebellion & confusion into families1    
:ile *ildr5  & s]vants mu/ le>n no      
cate*ism1 he> no m9i/]1 give no  acc\nt1
 obs]ve no h\rs ( pray]1 nay1 nor d any 
"w1 b :at  !re is a p>ticul> scripture  
=4    #ad4 ,x sets m5 on en?usia/ical   

expectations1 & irrational1  sc&al\s    
wor%ipp+ ( ,god1 :ile all m5 mu/ avoid  
all ^?  me?ods1 phrases1 books1 helps1  
:i* are n expressly or  p>ticul>ly 9    
,scripture1 & m5 mu/ n use _! own       
inv5tions1  or prud5ce1 9 ! "r ord]+ ( !
 works ( religion4    #ae4 ,x de/roye?  
*ri/ian love & concord1 :ile m5 are     
taught to  c5sure all o!rs1 t use any ?+
 9 ,god's wor%ip :i* is n  p>ticul>ly 9 
,scripture1 & s to c5sure all true      
wor%ipp]s 9  ! _w4    #af4 ,yea1 x w    
tempt m5 at la/ to be we>y ( _! own     
religion1  because !y w f9d x an        
unsatisfactory1 uncom=table1 tiresome   
?+1 to d _! own sup]/iti\s "w4    #ag4  
,& !y w tempt all t !y draw into ?is    
op9ion1 to be  we>y ( religion also4 ,& 
truly _h n ,god's "p1 :i* is wise1  &   
good1 & pleasant1 prevail$ aga9/ !      
hurtfulness ( m5's  sup]/ition1 :i* is  
fooli%1 bad1 & unpleasant1 religion _h  
ere  ?is be5 ca/ (f z a we>isome1       
di/ract+ ?+2 or1 :i* is z  bad1 be5 us$ 
b to delude m54    #ah4 ,yea1 x w tempt 

m5 at la/ to infidelity2 = ,satan w     
quickly tea* !m to argue1 t if          
,scripture be a p]fect1  p>ticul> rule1 
= =ty ?+s t 7 nev] !re1 !n x is         
defective1 & is n ( ,god1 b an und]tak+ 
( t :i* is n  p]=m$1 & !re=e is b a     
deceit4    #ai4 ,& ! notori\sness &     
ridicul\sness ( ?is error1 w tempt  !   
pr(ane to make religi\s p a scorn4      
#bj4 ,la/ly1 & rul]s w be tempt$ 9 *ur* 
& /ate1 to take  su* p]sons = intol]able
 9 all societies1 & su* ^:  pr9ciples   
are inconsi/5t ) gov]nm5t4 ,& no ?anks  
to ?is  op9ion1 if !y be n tempt$ to    
dislike ! ,scripture itself1 &  in/ead (
 x to fly to ! papi/s' traditions1 & !  
*ur*'s  legislative sov]eignty1 or      
worse4    ,b "h also rememb] t ,i *>ge  
none ) all ?is1 b ^?  be=e describ$4    
#chf ,isa4 v4 #bj1 #ba4    #chg ,col4 ii
 #ba-bc4      ,que/4 ,,cxxxvi4 ,h[ %all 
we "k :at p>ts ( ,scripture precept or  
example 7 int5d$ = univ]sal1 con/ant    
obligations1 & :at  7 b = ! "t & p]sons 
t !y 7 !n direct$ to8    ,answ4 ,x is n 

to be d5i$1 b "s ?+s 9 ,scripture1 ev5 9
  ! ,new ,te/am5t1 are n laws1 mu* less 
univ]sal & p]petual4  ,& ! diff]5ce is  
to be f\nd 9 ! ,scripture itself4    #a4
 ,all t is c]ta9ly ( univ]sal & p]petual
 obligation1 :i*  is b a transcript ( ! 
univ]sal & p]petual law ( nature4    #b4
 ,& all t :i* ha? ! express *>act]s (   
univ]sality &  p]petuity ^u x2 & su* are
 all ! sub/antial p>ts ( !  gospel2 z1  
,except ye rep5t1 ye %all all p]i%1     
,luke xiii4 #c1 #e4  ,except a man be   
born aga91 he _c ent] into ! k+dom (    
heav51 ,john iii4 #c1 #e4 ,he t believe?
 9 him1 %all n p]i%1  b h ev]la/+ life1 
,john iii4 #af4 ,he t believe? & is     
baptiz$1 %all be sav$1 & he t believe? n
 %all be damn$1  ,m>k xvi4 #af4 ,)\t    
hol9ess none %all see ,god1 ,heb4 xii4  
#ad4  ,g1 prea* ! gospel to all nations1
 baptiz+ !m1 c4 tea*+  !m to obs]ve all 
?+s t ,i h comm&$ y1 ,matt1 xxviii4     
#ai1 #bj4 ,abundance su* texts h !      
express *>act]s (  univ]sality &        
p]petuity 7:i* _m call morality74    #c4

 ,& ) ^! we may numb] ^? :i* 7 giv5 to  
all !  *ur*es1 ) comm&s to keep !m1 &   
propagate !m to po/]ity4    #d4 ,& ^? t 
h a pla9 & necess>y connexion to ^! be=e
  m5tion$4    #e4 ,& ^? :i* pla9ly h a  
full p>ity ( reason ) !m2 &  :]e x is   
evid5t t ! comm& 0 giv5 to ^? p>ticul>  
times & p]sons1 ^u no reasons prop] to  
!m alone1 b su* z  7 common to all o!rs4
 ,i d5y n b 7z ,amesius note? aft]      
o!rs7 _m c]emonial & tempor>y laws are  
urg$ 7:5 !y are  made7 ) natural &      
p]petual motives3 b ! reasons ( mak+  !m
 7 n>r[]1 :atev] ! reasons ( obey+ !m   
may be4    ,on ! o!r side1 n>r[ &       
tempor>y precepts & examples1 #a4 ,are  
void ( all ^! =esaid *>act]s4 #b4 ,!y   
are ab\t mat]ials (  tempor>y use4 #c4  
,or !y are b ! ord]+ ( su* cu/oms z 7   
!re be=e1 & 7 prop] to ^? c\ntries4 #d4 
,& _m spee*es  are pla9ly appropriate to
 ! "t & p]sons4 #e4 ,& _m actions  7    
manife/ly occasional1 )\t any intimation
 ( reason or  purpose ( oblig+ o!rs to  
imitation4    ,= in/ance1 #a4 ,*ri/'s   

prea*+ sometimes on a m\nta91 sometimes 
9 a %ip1 sometimes 9 a h\se1 & sometimes
 9 ! synagogues1 do?  %[ t all ^! are   
lawful 9 season on ! l occasion3 b he   
purpos$ n to oblige m5 to any "o ( !m   
alone4    #b4 ,s ,*ri/'s giv+ ! sacram5t
 ( 8 body & blood1 9 an upp]  room1 9 a 
private h\se aft] supp]1 to none b      
m9i/]s1 & none  b 8 family1 & b to      
twelve1 & on ! fif? day ( ! week  only1 
& 9 ! ge/ure ( a recumb5t1 lean+1 sitt+2
 all ^!  are pla9ly occasional1 & n     
int5d$ z oblig+ to imitation3 =  t :i*  
he made a law (1 he sep>at$ 9 8 spee*es1
 &  comm&$ !m to d x 9 remembrance ( him
 till 8 com+4 ,&  ,paul exp\nde? !      
di/9ction1 #a ,cor4 xi4 9 8 practice4   
,s ! promise ( ! _s ( revelation &      
miracles is exp\nd$  by ! ev5t1 z ! seal
 ( ! gospel & ,scripture1 prop] to ^?   
times 9 ! ma94    ,s ! primitive        
*ri/ians sell+ _! e/ates1 & di/ribut+ to
  ! poor1 or lay+ x d[n at ! apo/les'   
feet1 0 pla9ly  appropriat$ to t "t1 or 
! l occasions1 by ! reason ( x2  :i* 0  

sudd5ly to %[ ! _w :at ! belief ( heav5 
?r\gh  ! promises ( ,*ri/1 c\ld make !m 
all1 & h[ mu* _! love  0 to ,*ri/ & "o  
ano!r1 & h[ little to ! _w2 & also  by !
 cessation ( x1 :5 ! p]secutions abat$1 
& ! *ur*es  came to any settlem5t2 yea1 
& at fir/ x 0 n a ?+ comm&$  to all1 b  
only volunt>ily done4    ,s ! wom5's    
veil1 & ! cu/om ( kiss+ ea* o!r z a tok5
  ( love1 & m5's n we>+ long hair1 7 !  
cu/oms ( !  c\ntry !re ord]$ & improv$  
by ! apo/les ab\t sacr$  ?+s2 b n       
introduc$ into o!r c\ntries t _h no su* 
cu/om4    ,s also ano9t+ 0 9 ^? c\ntries
 tak5 = salubri\s1 &  refre%+ to ! body1
 & a c]emony ( initiation into places ( 
great hon\r2 :]eupon x 0 us$ ab\t !     
sick1 & ,god's giv+  ! gift ( heal+ 9 ^?
 times 0 frequ5tly conjunct ) ?is       
means4 ,s t h5ce ! ano9t+ ( ! sick came 
up2 & !  anci5t *ri/ians turn$ x into an
 initiat+ c]emony1 because we  are k+s &
 prie/s to ,god4 ,n[ ^! occasions ext5d 
n to ^?  c\ntries :]e ano9t+ nei!r 0 (  
su* use1 or value1 or  signification4   

,s also ,paul's becom+ a ,jew to !      
,jews1 & be+ %av$1 &  purify+ himself1 &
 circumcis+ ,timo?y1 are evid5tly       
tempor>y  compliances 9 a ?+ !n lawful1 
= ! avoid+ ( (f5ce1 &  = ! fur!rance ( !
 gospel1 & no obligatory1 p]petual laws 
to u4 ,& s mo/ div9es ?9k ! eat+ ( ?+s  
/rangl$1 &  blood1 7 =bidd5 = a "t to !m
 only t conv]s$ ) !  ,jews1 ,acts xv4   
,?\gh ,beckman h _m reasons = !         
p]petuity1  n contemptible4    ,s !     
(fice ( deaconesses 7& "s ?9k ( deacons7
 seeme? to be  fitt$ to t "t1 & /ate1 & 
condition ( *ri/ians4 ,& :]e  ! reasons 
& case are ! same1 ! obligations w be ! 
same4  ,9 a ^w1 ! text itself w "o way  
or o!r %[ u1 :5 a  comm& or example is  
univ]sally & durably obligatory1 & :5   
n4      ,que/4 ,,cxxxvii4 ,h[ mu* ( !   
,scripture is necess>y to salvation1  to
 be believ$1 & und]/ood8    ,answ4 ,?is 
"q is ! m wor?y consid]ation1 t we may  
)al und]/& ! use ( cate*isms1           
confessions1 & cre$s1 7(  :i* aft]17 & !
 great & t5d] m]cies ( ,god to ! weak1 &

  may be able to answ] ! cavils ( !     
papi/s aga9/ !  ,scriptures1 z          
insuffici5t to be ! rule ( fai? & life1 
because  mu* ( x is h>d to be und]/ood4 
#a4 ,he t believe? ,god to be true1 & ! 
,scripture to be 8 ^w1  mu/ ne$s believe
 all to be true :i* he believe? to be 8 
^w4    #b4 ,all ! ,scripture is         
pr(itable to our k1 love1 &  practice2 &
 none ( x to be neglect$1 b all to be   
lov$1  rev]5c$1 & /udi$1 9 due "t &     
ord]1 by !m t h "t  & capacity to d x4  
#c4 ,all ! holy ,scriptures1 ei!r z to  
matt] or words1 are n s  necess>y1 z t  
no man c be sav$1 :o do? n ei!r believe 
or  und]/& !m2 b "s p>ts ( x are m      
necess>y ?an o!rs4    #d4 ,x is n (     
necessity to salvation to believe e book
 or v]se  9 ,scripture1 to be canonical1
 or writt5 by ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,= z  !     
papi/s' canon is l>g] ?an t :i* !       
prote/ants own2 s  if our canon %\ld    
prove defective ( any "o book1 x w\ld n 
foll[ t we c\ld n be sav$ = want ( a    
suffici5t fai?4 ,!  *ur*es imm$iately   

aft] ! apo/les' "t1 _h n ea* "o all  _! 
writ+s1 b !y 7 br\ght toge!r 9 "t1 &    
receiv$  by degrees1 z !y _h pro( ( _!  
be+ writt5 by au?oriz$1  inspir$ p]sons4
 ,! second ( ,pet]1 ,james1 ,jude1      
,hebrews1 &  ,revelation1 7 receiv$ 9 _m
 *ur*es s9ce ! re/4 ,& if "s  book be   
lo/1 7z ,eno*'s prophecy1 or ,paul's    
epi/le to !  ,laodiceans1 or any o!r ( 8
 epi/les n nam$ 9 ! re/17 or if  any    
h]eaft] %\ld be lo/ or d\bt$ (1 z !     
,canticles1 or !  second or ?ird epi/les
 ( ,john1 ! epi/le ( ,jude1 c4 x w\ld  n
 foll[1 t all true fai? & hope (        
salvation 7 lo/ )  x4    ,x is a        
controv]sy :e!r #a ,john v4 #g1 & "s o!r
 p>ticul>  v]ses1 be canonical or n1    
because "s ,greek copies h !m1 &  "s are
 )\t !m2 b :oev] erre? 9 t only1 may be 
sav$4    #e4 ,!re are _m hundr$ or ?\s& 
texts ( ,scripture1 :i* a man  may      
possibly be ignorant ( ! mean+ (1 & yet 
h a sav+  fai?1 & be 9 a /ate (         
salvation4 ,= no man liv+ und]/&e?  x   
all4    #f4 ,! holy ,scripture is an    

entire1 comely body1 :i* conta9e? n     
only ! ess5tial p>ts ( ! true religion1 
b also ! integral  p>ts1 & ! ornam5ts & 
_m accid5ts2 :i* mu/ be  di/+ui%$1 & n  
all tak5 to be equal4#chh    #g4 ,s mu* 
z conta9e? ! ess5tials ( true religion1 
mu/ be  und]/ood & believ$ ( necessity  
to salvation2 & s mu* z  conta9e? !     
integrals ( religion do? greatly conduce
 to our  salvation1 bo? t we may be !   
sur] & ! bett] *ri/ians1 z  hav+ great] 
helps to bo?4    ,! v adjuncts also h _!
 use to make u ! m adorn$  *ri/ians1 &  
to promote our k ( great] ?+s4    #chh  
,rom4 xiv4 #ag1 #ah2 xiii4 #h-aj2 #a    
,cor4 xv4 #b-f2 ,m>k xvi4 #af4          
,que/4 ,,cxxxviii4 ,h[ may we "k !      
fundam5tals1 ess5tials1 or  :at p>ts are
 necess>y to salvation8 ,& is ! papi/s' 
way  all[able t 7"s ( !m7 d5y t         
di/9ction1 & make !  diff]5ce to be only
 9 ! degrees ( m5's opportunities (  k8 
,answ4 #a4 ,^? papi/s' p]v]s5ess c mean 
no bett] ?an t  ,*ri/ianity itself is n 
necess>y to salvation1 to ^? t h  n     

opportunity to "k x 7z ,johnson's       
,rejo9d] to me1 & ,sancta  ,cl>a1 & _m  
o!rs1 pla9ly intimate72 & 7 t nev] s    
true  & c]ta91 x 7 no?+ to ! "q betwe5  
!m & u1  :i* is1 ,:at are ! ess5tials ( 
*ri/ianity8 ,& :at is  necess>y to      
salvation1 :]e *ri/ianity is necess>y8  
or :]e !  *ri/ian religion is made kn[n1
 & m5 may come to ! k (  x1 if !y w d _!
 be/8 ,?is is ! true /ate ( our         
controv]sy ) !m4 ,& :]eas !y w\ld make  
all ! p>ts (  *ri/ian fai? & practice   
equally necess>y1 :]e m5 h a  capacity &
 ability to "k1 believe1 & practise !m1 
x is a  gross deceit1 unwor?y ( m5      
pret5d+ to a m$iocrity ( k  9 ! nature (
 religion2 & !reby !y make all s9s &    
errors  z equal z all duties & tru?s4   
,:]eas1 #a4 ,!re is no man t  ha? n "s  
error & "s s94#chi #b4 ,!re is no man t 
do?  all t ev] he 0 able to d1 to und]/&
 all ! tru?4 #c4  ,!re=e !re is no man  
^: errors !mselves are n 7_m (  !m at   
lea/7 culpable or s9ful4 #d4 ,& !y t    
di/+ui%  betwe5 mortal & v5ial s9s1 &   

yet w n di/+ui% betwe5  mortal & v5ial  
errors1 are ei!r bl9d1 or w\ld keep o!rs
  bl9d4 ,z x is n s damn+ a s9 = a man  
to ?9k a va9  ?\ght1 or to speak a va9  
^w1 z n to love ,god1 or hol9ess2  7no1 
?\gh he 0 m able to h =borne t idle ^w1 
?an to  h lov$ ,god27 s x is n s mortal 
a s91 7t is1 inconsi/5t  ) a ju/ifi$    
/ate17 to mi/ake 9 a small matt]1 7z :o 
0 !  fa!r ( ,arphaxad1 or :at ye> ! _w 0
 dr[n$ 91 c47 z to  blaspheme ! ,holy   
,gho/1 or d5y ,jesus ,*ri/ to be !      
,savi\r (  ! _w1 or to d5y t !re is a   
,god1 or ev]la/+ life1 or a  diff]5ce   
betwe5 good & evil4 ,all s9s are n equal
 9 magnitude  or dang]4 ,!re=e all      
errors are n equal 9 magnitude1         
s9fulness1 or dang]4    #b4 ,& :at prie/
 is able to "k :om to take = a *ri/ian1 
&  baptizable ^u su* t]ms z ^!8 ,:o     
kn[e? j :at  opportunities ( k o!r m5 h 
_h1 & :at imp$im5ts8  ,& w !y inde$     
baptize a man t is a hea!n1 because he  
_h  n opportunity to come to ! k (      
*ri/ianity8 ,i ?9k !y  w n4 ,or w !y d5y

 baptism to "o t kn[e? & believe?  only 
all ! articles ( ! cre$1 & ! *ief po9ts 
( religion1  because he kn[e? n z mu* m1
 z he _h opportunity to "k8 ,i  ?9k n4  
,d n ^! m5 p]ceive h[ !y condemn        
!mselves8 ,=  d !y n say !mselves1 t    
baptism to ! due receiv] wa%e?  away s91
 & puts ! p]son 9 a /ate ( life8 ,o :5 w
 ,god  deliv] 8 poor *ur* f facti\s     
deceiv]s8    #c4 ,ei!r *ri/ianity is    
some?+ & disc]nible1 or no?+ &          
undisc]nible4 ,if ! latt]1 !n *ri/ians  
are n to be  di/+ui%$ f hea!ns &        
infidels4 ,if ! =m]1 !n  *ri/ianity ha? 
its con/itutive p>ts1 by :i* x is :at x 
is4  ,& !n x ha? ess5tial p>ts          
di/+ui%able f ! re/4    #d4 ,! ^w       
fundam5tals be+ b a metaphor1 ha? giv5  
room to  deceiv]s & cont5d]s to make a  
controv]sy1 & raise a du/ ab\t  x4      
,!re=e ,i purposely use ! ^w ess5tials1 
:i* is n s  liable to m5's cavils4      
#e4 ,^? are ! ess5tials ( *ri/ianity1   
:i* are necess>y to  ! baptism ( !      
adult4 ,"k b t1 & y answ] all !  prat+s 

( ! papi/s1 t bawl out = a li/ (        
fundam5tals4 ,&  sure x is n ?is day    
unkn[n 9 ! *ri/ian _w1 ei!r :at a       
*ri/ian is1 or :o is to be baptiz$3 d n 
! prie/s "k x1  :o baptize all t are    
*ri/5$ 9 ! _w8 ,& :y is baptism  call$  
our *ri/5+1 if x make u n *ri/ians8 ,&  
:y ha?  ,*ri/ promis$1 t he t believe? &
 is baptiz$1 %all be  sav$1 ,m>k xvi4   
#af1 if t s mu* fai? z is necess>y to   
baptism1 w n also s]ve to a man's /ate (
 salvation8    #f4 ,! baptismal cov5ant 
( grace !re=e is ! ess5tial "p (  !     
gospel1 & ( ! *ri/ian religion2 & all ! 
re/ are !  integrals1 & accid5ts or     
adjuncts4    #g4 ,?is cov5ant conta9e?1 
,i4 ,objectively1 #a4 ,?+s true z su*2  
#b4 ,?+s good z su*2 #c4  ,?+s          
practicable or to be done1 z su*3 !     
cr$5da1 dilig5da1  7et elig5da17 et     
ag5da2 z ! objects ( man's intellect1 w1
  & practical p[]4    ,! cr$5da1 or ?+s 
to be kn[n & believ$1 are1 #a4 ,god z   
,god1 & our ,god & ,fa!r4 #b4 ,*ri/ z ! 
,savi\r1 & our  ,savi\r4 #c4 ,! ,holy   

,gho/ z su*1 & z ! ,sanctifi]1 & our    
,sanctifi] 7z to ! (f] ( ^! relations 9 
! cov5ant74    ,! dilig5da are ! same   
?ree ,p]sons 9 ^! ?ree relations z  good
 9 !mselves & unto u1 :i* include? ! gr&
 b5efits (  reconciliation & adoption1  
ju/ification1 & sanctification1 &       
salvation4    ,! ag5da 9 ! "t ( baptism 
t make u *ri/ians1 are1 #a4  ,! actual  
d$ition1 resignation1 or d$ication (    
ourselves1 to ,god  ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 &    
,holy ,gho/ 9 ^! relations4 #b4 ,a      
promise or  v[ to endeav\r fai?fully to 
live accord+ to our und]tak5  relations 
7?\gh n 9 p]fection72 t is1 z creatures 
to _!  ,creator1 & _! reconcil$ ,god &  
,fa!r2 z *ri/ians to _!  ,r$eem]1 _!    
,tea*]1 _! ,rul]1 & _! ,savi\r2 & z     
will+ receiv]s ( ! sanctify+ & com=t+   
op]ations ( !  ,holy ,_s4    ,,ii4 ,!   
objects tell y :at ! acts mu/ be on our 
"p2 #a4 ,)  ! und]/&+1 to "k & believe2 
#b4 ,) ! w to love1  *oose1 desire1 &   
resolve2 &1 #c4 ,practically to deliv]  
up  ourselves = ! pres5t1 & to promise =

 ! "t to come4 ,^!  are ! ess5tials ( ! 
*ri/ian religion4    #h4 ,! cre$ is a   
l>g] explication ( ! cr$5da1 & ! ,"l's  
pray] ( ! dilig5da1 or ?+s to be will$1 
desir$1 & hop$  =2 & ! decalogue ( !    
natural "p ( ! ag5da4    #i4 ,suff] n   
y\r own ignorance1 or ! papi/s' *eats1  
to conf\nd  ! "q ab\t fundam5tals1 z to 
! matt]1 & z to !  express+ words4 ,x is
 "o ?+ to ask1 ,:at is ! matt] ess5tial 
to *ri/ianity8 ,& ano!r1 ,:at words1    
symbols1 or s5t5ces are  ess5tial to x8 
,to ! fir/1 ,i h n[ answ]$ y4 ,to !     
second  ,i say1 #a4 ,tak+ ! *ri/ian     
religion z x is1 an extr9sic  doctr9e 9 
signis1 s ! ess5ce ( x is1 words & signs
  expressive or significant ( ! mat]ial 
ess5ce4 ,t !y be su*  9 specie is all t 
is ess5tial4 ,& if !y say1 ,b :i* be  ^?
 words8 ,i answ]1 #b4 ,t no p>ticul>    
words 9 ! _w are  ess5tial to ! *ri/ian 
religion4 ,=1 7#a47 ,no "o language is  
ess5tial to x4 ,x is n necess>y to      
salvation t y be  baptiz$1 or le>n !    
cre$ or ,scriptures1 9 ,hebrew1 or      

,greek1 or  ,lat91 or ,engli%1 s y le>n 
x 9 any language und]/ood4 7#b47 ,x  is 
n necess>y to salvation t y use ! same  
words 9 ! same  language1 z long z x ha?
 m words ?an "o to express ! same  ?+   
by4 7#c47 ,x is n necess>y to salvation1
 t we use ! same  7or any "o s+le7 =m1  
me?od1 or ord] ( words1 z !y are 9  !   
cre$s1 )\t alt]ation4 ,& !re=e :ile !   
anci5ts did  t5aci\sly cleave to ! same 
symbol or cre$1 yet !y us$ v>i\s  words 
to express x by4 7,z may be se5 9 ,ir5u1
 ,t]tullian1  ,orig51 & ,ruff91 else:]e 
cit$ by me2 s t x is pla91 t  by ! same 
symbol !y meant ! same matt]1 ?\gh      
express$ 9  "s v>iety ( words47 ,?\gh !y
 avoid$ su* v>iety z might  introduce   
v>iety ( s5se & matt]4    #aj4 ,words   
be+ ne$ful1 #a4 ,to make a le>n] und]/&2
 #b4 ,to tell  ano!r :at he und]/&e?3 x 
foll[e? t ! great v>iety (  m5's        
capacities make? a great v>iation 9 !   
necessity ( words or  =ms4 ,an          
,engli%man mu/ h !m 9 ,engli%1 & a      
,fr5*man 9  ,fr5*4 ,an und]/&+ man may  

receive all ! ess5tials 9 a few  words2 
b an ignorant man mu/ h _m words to make
 him und]/&  ! matt]4 ,to him t und]/&e?
 !m1 ! words ( ! baptismal  cov5ant     
express all ! ess5tials ( *ri/ianity3 b 
to him t  und]/&s !m n1 ! cre$ is       
necess>y = ! explication3 &  to him t   
und]/&e? n t1 a cate*ism1 or l>g]       
exposition1  is necess>y4 ,?is is ! pla9
 explication ( ?is "q1 :i*  _m papi/s   
seem lo? to und]/&4    #chi ,james iii4 
#b2 #a ,john i4 #aj4      ,que/4        
,,cxxxix4 ,:at is ! use & au?ority ( !  
cre$8 ,& is x  ( ! apo/les' fram+ or n8 
,& is x ! ^w ( ,god or n8    ,answ4 #a4 
,! use ( ! cre$ is1 to be a pla9        
explication ( !  fai? pr(ess$ 9 !       
baptismal cov5ant4 #a4 ,= ! full]       
in/ruction ( ! dull] sort1 & ^? t _h n  
prep>atory  k1 & c\ld n suffici5tly     
und]/& ! mean+ ( !  ?ree articles ( !   
cov5ant1 :at x is to believe 9 ,god !   
,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/1 )\t m words4
 #b4 ,& = !  satisfaction ( ! *ur*1 t   
inde$ m5 und]/ood :at !y did  9 baptism1

 & pr(ess$ to believe4    #b4 ,! cre$ is
 ! ^w ( ,god1 z to all ! doctr9e or     
matt] (  x1 :atev] x be z to ! ord] &   
composition ( words4    #c4 ,t is (t by 
! anci5ts call$ ! apo/les'1 :i* conta9e?
  ! matt] deliv]$ by ! apo/les1 ?\gh n 9
 a =m ( words  compil$ by !m4    #d4 ,x 
is c]ta9 t all ! words n[ 9 our cre$1 7 
n put 9  by ! apo/les1 #a4 ,because "s (
 !m 7 n 9 till long aft]  _! days4 #b4  
,because ! anci5t =mul agree n 9 words  
among  !mselves4#cij    #e4 ,x is n to  
be d\bt$ (1 b ! apo/les did appo9t & use
 a  cre$ commonly 9 _! days4 ,& t x is !
 same ) t :i*  is n[ call$ ! apo/les' & 
! ,nic5e 9 ! ma92 b n j  ! same         
composure ( words1 nor _h !y any su*    
precise composure  z c be prov$4 ,b ?is 
mu* is easily provable3--    7#a47 ,t   
,*ri/ compos$ a cre$ :5 he made 8       
cov5ant1 &  in/itut$ baptism1 ,matt1    
xxviii4 #ai4    7#b47 ,t 9 ! ,jewi%     
*ur*1 :]e m5 7 educat$ 9 !  k ( !       
,scriptures1 & expectation ( ! ,messiah1
 x 0  suppos$ t ! p _h s mu* prep>atory 

k1 z made  !m ! m capable ( baptism1 z  
soon z !y did b s]i\sly  pr(ess to      
believe1 & cons5t to ! t]ms ( ! cov5ant2
 &  !re=e !y 7 pres5tly baptiz$1 ,acts  
ii4 #ch-dj4    7#c47 ,t ?is c\ld n be   
rationally suppos$ among ! g5tiles1  &  
common1 ignorant p ( ! _w4 ,& ignorantis
 non e/  cons5sus4 ,he do? n cov5ant :o 
und]/&e? n ! cov5ant1  z to :at is      
promis$ him1 & :at he promise?4    7#d47
 ,t ! apo/les baptiz$1 & caus$ o!rs to  
baptize _m  ?\s&s1 & settle _m *ur*es1  
be=e any "p ( ! ,new  ,te/am5t 0 writt51
 ev5 _m & _m ye>s4    7#e47 ,t ! apo/les
 did _! "w z well & bett] ?an any t     
succe$$ !m4    7#f47 ,t _! successors 9 
! common m9i/ry1 did1 z f> z any  *ur*  
hi/ory leade? u up1 in/ruct & cate*ise  
m5 9 !  mean+ ( ! baptismal cov5ant1    
7:i* is ! *ri/ian fai?17  be=e !y       
baptiz$ !m3 yea1 !y kept !m long 9 !    
/ate (  cate*um5s usually1 be=e !y w\ld 
baptize !m4 ,& aft]  baptiz$ b twice a  
ye>1 at ,ea/] & ,:itsuntide 7z our      
liturgy  note?74 ,& !y receiv$ an acc\nt

 ( _! tol]able und]/&+  ( religion1 be=e
 !y w\ld receive !m into ! *ur*4        
7#g47 ,no d\bt !n b ! apo/les did cause 
! baptizable to  und]/& ! ?ree articles 
( ,*ri/'s own cre$ & cov5ant1 &  to give
 "s acc\nt ( x be=e !y baptiz$ !m1      
ord9>ily among  ! g5tiles4    7#h47 ,no 
d\bt !re=e b !y us$ _m m explicatory    
words1 to  cause !m to und]/& ^? few4   
7#i47 ,!re is nei!r pro( nor            
probability1 t !y us$ a  composure ( j !
 same words1 & no m or less3 because !y 
_h to d ) p]sons ( sev]al capacities1 "s
 kn[+1 :o ne$$  few] words1 & "s        
ignorant & dull1 :o ne$$ m3 nor is any  
su* composure come d[n to our h&s4      
7#aj47 ,b x is m ?an probable1 t ! matt]
 op5$ by !m to  all ! cate*um5s 0 /ill !
 same1 :5 ! words 7 n !  same4 ,= ,god's
 promises & man's conditions are /ill ! 
same  7:]e ! gospel come?74 ,?\gh s9ce  
by ! occasion ( h]esies1  "s few mat]ial
 clauses are ins]t$4 ,= all *ri/ians _h 
"o  *ri/ianity1 & mu/ g "o way to heav54
    7#aa47 ,x is also m ?an probable1 t 

!y did n ne$lessly v>y  ! words1 le/ x  
%\ld tea* m5 to v>y ! matt]3 b t all    
*ri/ians be=e baptism1 did make ! same  
pr(ession ( fai? z  ! s5se1 & v mu* !   
same z to ! v words2 us+  necess>y      
caution1 & yet avoid+ unnecess>y        
precis5ess (  =mality2 b s z to obviate 
damnable h]esies1 t ! *ri/ian  pr(ession
 might atta9 its ends4    7#ab47 ,la/ly1
 no d\bt b ?is practice ( ! apo/les 0   
exempl>y1 & imitat$ by ! *ur*es1 & t ?us
 ! ess5tials  ( religion 71 by !        
tradition ( ! cre$ & baptism1 deliv]$   
by !mselves1 z f> z *ri/ianity w5t1 long
 be=e any book (  ! ,new ,te/am5t 0     
writt53 & e *ri/ian 0 an impress1 or    
transcript1 or specim5 ( x4#cib ,& t !  
foll[+ *ur*es  us+ ! same cre$1 7:olly 9
 s5se1 & mo/ly 9 words17 might s  f>    
well call x ! apo/les' cre$2 z !y did   
bo? ! ,we/]n &  ! ,nic5e4    #cij ,vid4 
,u%] & ,vossium de ,symbolis4    #cia   
,heb4 v4 #aa1 #ab2 vi4 #a-c4    #cib #b 
,tim4 i4 #ac2 #b ,cor4 iii4 #b1 #c1 #g2 
,heb4 viii4 #aj2 x4 #af4      ,que/4    

,,cxl4 ,:at is ! use ( cate*isms8       
,answ4 ,to be a m famili> explication ( 
! ess5tials (  *ri/ianity1 & ! pr9cipal 
integrals1 9 a l>g] mann] ?an !  cre$1  
,"l's pray]1 & decalogue d2 t ! ignorant
 may ! m  easily und]/& x4 ,e man _c    
ga!r out ( ! ,scripture !  greate/      
matt]s 9 ! true me?od1 z di/9ct f all ! 
re/3  & !re=e x is "p ( ! "w ( ! *ur*'s 
tea*]s1 to d  x to ! h&s & use ( !      
ignorant4      ,que/4 ,,cxli4 ,c\ld any 
( u h kn[n by ! ,scriptures alone !     
ess5tials ( religion f ! re/1 if        
tradition _h n giv5 !m  to u 9 ! cre$1 z
 f apo/olical collection8    ,answ4     
,yes3 = ! ,scripture itself telle? u :at
 is necess>y to  salvation2 x describe? 
to u ! cov5ant ( grace1 bo? promises  & 
conditions2 & x 7 /range if s l>ge a    
volume %\ld n z  pla9ly tell u :at is   
necess>y to salvation1 z few] words6 ,! 
,scripture ha? n less ?an ! cre$1 b m4  
,que/4 ,,cxlii4 ,:at is ! be/ me?od ( a 
true cate*ism or sum (  !ology8         
,answ4 ,god will+1 ,i %all tell ! *ur*  

my op9ion ( t at  l>ge1 9 a peculi>     
,lat9 treatise1 call$ ,me?odus ,!ologi1 
:i* "h ,i _c d4 ,only ,i %all say1 t    
among all ! great  v>iety ( me?ods us$ 9
 ^! times1 ,i ?9k none come? ne>] !     
ord] ( ! matt]1 7:i* is ! true          
comm5dation ( a me?od17  ?an ^? :i* op5 
!ology1 #a4 ,9 ! breviate ( ! baptismal 
cov5ant4 #b4 ,9 ! ?ree explicatory sums1
 ! cre$1 ,"l's pray]1  & decalogue1 ) ! 
add$ gospel precepts4 #c4 ,9 ! l>ge/ =m1
  :i* is ! :ole ,scripture4 ,& t our    
common ,engli% cate*ism1  & ,p>u or     
,urs9e1 & _m su* :o use t common easy   
me?od1  are m truly me?odical1 ?an mo/ t
 pret5d to great]  accurat5ess 7?\gh ,i 
mu* comm5d ! great indu/ry ( su* z      
,dudley1 ,f5n]1 ,gom>us1 & especially   
,george ,sohnius74      ,que/4 ,,cxliii4
 ,:at is ! use ( v>i\s *ur* confessions 
or  articles ( fai?8    ,answ4 ,i w pass
 by ! v ill use t is made ( !m 9 too  _m
 c\ntries1 :]e unnecess>y op9ions or    
unc]ta9 are put 91  & !y t c get into   
fav\r ) ! secul> p[]1 take  advantage "u

 pret5ce ( or?odoxness & uni=mity1 tru? 
&  peace1 to set up _! op9ions &        
judgm5ts to be ! common rule  = all to  
b[ to1 ?\gh wis] ?an !mselves3 & to     
sil5ce all  m9i/]s1 & scatt] & divide ! 
flocks t w n say or  swe> z !y d1 t is1 
t !y are wise m51 & are 9 !  "r4    ,!  
true & comm5dable use ( v>i\s *ur*      
pr(essions1 or  confessions ( fai?1 is1 
#a4 ,to be an in/ruction to ! m ignorant
  h[ to und]/& ! ,scriptures 9 mo/ ( !  
mo/ weighty po9ts4  #b4 ,to be an       
enum]ation ( ^? doctr9es1 aga9/ :i* no  
m9i/]  %all be all[$ to prea*1 & accord+
 to :i* he is to in/ruct  ! p4 #c4 ,to  
be a te/imony to all neighb\r or =eign  
*ur*es  9 a het]odox1 cont5ti\s1 &      
suspici\s age1 h[ we und]/& !           
,scriptures1 = ! confut+ ( sc&als &     
unju/ suspicions1 &  ! ma9ta9+ communion
 9 fai?1 & *>ity1 & doctr9e4      ,que/4
 ,,cxliv4 ,may n ! subscrib+ ( ! :ole   
,scriptures s]ve  turn = all ! a=esaid  
ends )\t cre$s1 cate*isms1 or           
confessions8    ,answ4 #a4 ,by subscrib+

 to ! ,scriptures y mean ei!r1 g5]ally  
& implicitly1 t all 9 !m is true & good 
7?\gh p]haps y  "k n :at is 9 x74 ,or   
else p>ticul>ly & explicitly1 t  e po9t 
9 x is by y bo? und]/ood & believ$ to be
 true4    ,9 ! fir/ s5se1 x is n        
suffici5t to salvation3 = ?is  implicit 
fai? ha? really no act 9 x1 b a belief t
 all t  ,god sai? is true2 :i* is only !
 =mal object ( fai?1 & is no  m ?an to  
believe t !re is a ,god 7= a li> is n a 
,god74  ,& ?is he may d1 :o nev] believ$
 9 ,*ri/1 or a ^w (  ,scripture1 z n    
tak+ x to be ,god's ^w2 yea1 t w n      
believe t ,god =bidde? 8 bea/ly life4   
,infidels ord9>ily g  ?us f>4    ,9 !   
second s5se1 7( an explicit1 or p>ticul>
 actual belief17  ! belief ( ! :ole     
,scripture is en\gh inde$1 & m ?an any  
man liv+ c atta9 to4 ,no man und]/&e?   
all ! ,scripture4  ,!re=e t :i* no man  
ha?1 is to be exact$ ( all m51 or any   
man1 9 ord] to m9i/ration or communion4 
,:ile1 #a4 ,no man c  subscribe to any  
"o translation ( ! ,bible1 t x is n     

faulty1  be+ ! "w ( defectible man4 #b4 
,& few h su* acqua9tance  ) ! ,hebrew1 &
 ,*aldee1 & ,greek1 z to be able to say 
t  !y und]/& ! orig9al languages        
p]fectly4 #c4 ,& no man t  und]/&s !    
words1 do? p]fectly und]/& ! matt]4 ,x  
foll[e? t no man is to be =c$ or urg$ to
 subscribe to all  ?+s 9 ! ,scriptures1 
z p>ticul>ly und]/ood by him1 ) an      
explicit fai?4 ,& an implicit is n half 
en\gh4    #b4 ,! true mean !re=e is !   
anci5t way1 #a4 ,to select !  ess5tials 
= all *ri/ians1 to be believ$ p>ticul>ly
 &  explicitly4 #b4 ,to collect c]ta9 ( 
! mo/ ne$ful integrals1 :i*  tea*]s %all
 n prea* aga9/4 #c4 ,& = all m5 moreov] 
to  pr(ess 9 g5]al t !y implicitly      
believe all :i* !y c  disc]n to be !    
holy canonical ,scripture1 & t all is   
true :i*  is ! ^w ( ,god2 =be>+ ea* o!r 
ev5 ab\t ! numb] (  canonical books &   
texts4    ,& x is ! great wisdom & m]cy 
( ,god1 :i* ha? s ord]$ x1  t !         
,scripture %all h en\gh to ex]cise !    
/ronge/1 &  yet t ! weake/ may be       

ignorant ( ! mean+ ( a ?\s&  s5t5ces1   
)\t dang] ( damnation1 s !y d b und]/& !
  m>r[ or ess5tials1 & lab\r fai?fully  
to increase 9 !  k ( ! re/4#cic    #cic 
#a ,cor4 viii4 #a-c2 xiii4 #a-d2 ,rom4  
viii4 #bh4      ,que/4 ,,cxlv4 ,may n a 
man be sav$ t believe? all ! ess5tials  
( religion1 z com+ to him by v]bal      
tradition1 & n z  conta9$ 9 ! holy      
,scriptures1 :i* p]haps he nev] knew8   
,answ4 #a4 ,he t believe? %all be sav$1 
:i* way ev] he come?  by 8 belief2 s be 
x x be s\nd z to ! object & act2 t is1  
if x conta9 all ! ess5tials1 & !y be    
pr$om9antly believ$1  lov$1 & practis$4 
#b4 ,! ,scriptures be+ ! records (      
,*ri/'s doctr9e deliv]$ by  himself1 8  
,_s1 & 8 apo/les1 x is ! (fice ( m9i/]s1
  & ! duty ( all in/ructors1 to op5 ^!  
,scriptures to ^?  !y tea*1 & to deliv] 
p>ticul>s ^u ! au?ority ( ^!  inspir$1  
seal$ records :i* conta9 !m4    #c4 ,!y 
t ?us receive p>ticul> tru?s1 f a tea*] 
expla9+  ! ,scripture to !m1 d receive  
!m 9 a subord9ation to !  ,scripture1   

mat]ially1 & z to ! tea*]'s "p2 ?\gh n  
=mally1 & z to _! own "p2 & ?\gh !      
,scripture au?ority  be+ n und]/ood by  
!m1 be n ! =mal object ( _! fai?1  b    
only ,god's au?ority 9 g5]al4    #d4 ,!y
 t are ignorant ( ! be+ ( ! ,scripture1 
h a great  disadvantage to _! fai?4     
#e4 ,yet we _c say1 b x may be ! case ( 
?\s&s to be sav$  by ! gospel deliv]$ by
 tradition1 )\t resolv+ _! fai?  into ! 
au?ority ( ! ,scriptures4 ,=1    #a4    
,?is 0 ! case ( all ! *ri/ians 7z to !  
,new ,te/am5t7  :o liv$ be=e x 0 writt52
 & !re are sev]al articles ( !  cre$ n[ 
necess>y1 :i* ! ,old ,te/am5t do? n     
reveal4#cid    #b4 ,?is may be ! case ( 
?\s&s 9 ignorant c\ntries1 :]e !  ,bible
 be+ r>e1 is to mo/ unkn[n4#cie    #c4  
,?is may be ! case ( ?\s&s ( *ildr5 :o  
are taught _!  cre$ & cate*ism1 be=e !y 
und]/& :at ! ,bible is4    #d4 ,?is may 
be ! case ( ?\s&s among ! papi/s1 :]e "s
  p]v]se prie/s d keep n only ! read+1 b
 ! k (  ! ,scriptures f ! p1 = fe> le/  
!y %\ld be taught  to resolve _! fai?   

into x2 & d tea* !m only ! articles (   
fai? & cate*ism1 z kn[n by ! *ur*'s     
tradition alone4    #cid ,matt4 xvi4    
#af4    #cie ,rom4 x4 #i1 #aj1 #ac-ae4  
,que/4 ,,cxlvi4 ,is ! ,scripture fit =  
all *ri/ians to read1 be+  s obscure8   
,answ4 #a4 ,! ess5tials & po9ts necess>y
 to salvation are pla94    #b4 ,we are  
frequ5tly & vehem5tly comm&$ to delight 
9 x1 &  m$itate 9 x day & night2 to se>*
 x2 to tea* x our v  *ildr51 speak+ ( x 
at home & abroad1 ly+ d[n & ris+ up1  & 
to write x on ! po/s ( our h\ses1 & on  
our doors1 c4    #c4 ,x is suit$ to !   
necessity & und]/&+ ( ! meane/1 to  give
 light to ! simple1 & to make ! v fooli%
 wise4#cif    #d4 ,! anci5t fa!rs &     
*ri/ians 7 all ( ?is m9d4    #e4 ,all ! 
*ri/ian *ur*es ( ! _w h be5 us$ to read 
x  op5ly to all1 ev5 to ! simple/2 & if 
!y may he> x1 !y may  read ! same words 
:i* !y he>4    #f4 ,god bless$ !        
ignorant ,e?iopian eunu* :5 he f\nd him 
read+  ! ,scriptures1 ?\gh he knew n !  
s5se ( :at he read1 & s5t  him ,philip  

to in/ruct him & conv]t him4    #g4     
,timo?y 0 educat$ 9 ! k ( ! ,scriptures 
9 8  *ildhood4    #h4 ,t :i* is writt5  
to & = all m51 may be read by all t  c2 
b ! ,scripture 0 writt5 to & =          
all1#cig----;c4    ,object4 ,b !re are  
_m ?+s 9 x h>d to be und]/ood4    ,answ4
 #a4 ,& !re are _m ?+s easy to be       
und]/ood4 #b4 ,we  nev] said t m5 %\ld n
 use ! help ( _! tea*]s1 & all  t !y c  
to und]/& x4 #c4 ,7 n ^? tea*]s once    
ignorant8 ,& yet !y did read x by ! help
 ( tea*]s2 & s may  o!rs4 #d4 ,z ! k+ = 
concord comm&e? all ! s*oolma/]s to     
tea* "o gramm>2 s ,god make? x ! m9i/]'s
 (fice to in/ruct  p 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,&
 7 x n a "q unwor?y ( a  s*oolma/]1 to  
dispute1 ,:e!r ! s*ol>s mu/ le>n by _!  
book1 or by _! ma/]8 ,yea1 to conclude t
 x mu/ be by _!  ma/]1 & n by _! book3  
or t !y mu/ nev] op5 _!  book1 b :5 _!  
ma/] is j at h& to tea* !m4 ,!  doctr9e 
( ! papi/s1 :o tell u t ! ,scriptures   
%\ld n be  read by ! vulg>1 x be+ ! rise
 ( all h]esies1 is s inhuman  & impi\s1 

z sav\r+ ( gross enmity to ,scriptures1 
& to  k1 t 7 !re no o!r1 x w\ld make !  
lov]s (  religion & m5's s\ls to pray   
e>ne/ly to ,*ri/ to save 8  flocks f su*
 s$uc]s1 :o s ,jewi%ly use ! key ( k4   
,object4 ,b _m wre/ ! ,scriptures to _! 
own de/ruction1 &  :at h]esy is n def5d$
 z by _! au?ority8    ,answ4 #a4 ,& _m  
?\s&s receive sav+ k & grace by  !m4 ,! 
law ( ! ,"l is p]fect1 conv]t+ ! s\l4   
,all  ,scripture is pr(itable to        
in/ruction1 c4 to make ! man ( ,god     
p]fect4 ,x is ! incorruptible se$ by :i*
 we are born aga91 &  ! s9c]e milk1 by  
:i* we are n\ri%$4#cih    #b4 ,& is x n 
z true1 #a4 ,t ! law ( ! l& is abus$ by 
e false pret5d]1 lawy]1 & corrupt judge8
 ,:at title s bad1  t is n def5d$ 9     
,we/m9/] ,hall sometimes1 "u pret5ce (  
law8 ,& :at action s bad1 t "s pret5d n 
law =8 ,:at !n8  ,mu/ ! law be =bidd5 ! 
common p = ?is8    #b4 ,nay1 :at is s   
mu* abus$ to unrighte\sness & s9 z      
reason  itself8 ,:at h]esy or crime d n 
m5 plead reason =8 ,mu/ reason  !re=e be

 =bidd5 ! vulg>8    #c4 ,yea1 contr>ily1
 ?is signifie? t law & reason are s f>  
f be+ ?+s to be =bidd5 m51 t !y are     
inde$ ^?  ?+s by :i* nature & necessity 
h taught all ! _w to try  & disc]n "r f 
wrong1 good f bad2 o!rwise good & bad   
m5 w\ld n all ?us agree 9 pret5d+ to !m1
 & appeal+ to  _! decisions4    #d4 ,if 
_m m5 are poison$ or kill$ 9 eat+ or    
dr9k+1 if _m  m5's eye-sight is abus$ to
 mislead !m unto s91 c4 ! way is  n1 to 
eat no?+ b :at is put into our m\?s2 nor
 to put out  our eyes1 or w9k1 & be l$  
only by a prie/2 b to use bo? !  m      
cauti\sly1 ) ! be/ advice & help t we c 
get4    #e4 ,& d n ^! deceiv]s see1 t _!
 reason pleade? z  /rongly t prie/s &   
prelates !mselves %\ld nev] read !      
,scripture 7& consequ5tly t x %\ld be   
bani%$ out ( !  _w78 ,= :o t is awake 9 
! _w c be ignorant1 t x is  prie/s &    
prelates1 :o h be5 ! lead]s ( almo/ all 
h]esies  & sects2 :o diff] 9 _!         
expositions & op9ions1 & lead !  vulg>  
into all ! h]esies :i* !y fall into8 ,:o

 !n %\ld be  =bidd5 to read !           
,scripture1 b prie/s & prelates1 :o wre/
  !m to _! own & o!r m5's de/ruction8   
#cif ,john v4 #ci2 ,psal4 i4 #b2 ,deut4 
vi42 xi42 ,psal4 xix4 #g-aa2 #b ,tim4   
iii4 #ae2 ,psal4 cxix4 #ih1 #aje1 #acc1 
#adh2 ,acts xvii4 #aa2 viii4    #cig #b 
,tim4 iii4 #ae2 ,rom4 xv4 #d2 ,matt4    
xii4 #bd4    #cih #b ,pet4 iii4 #af2    
,psal4 xix4 #c1 #h-aj2 #c ,tim4 iii4    
#af2 #a ,pet4 i4  #bc4      ,que/4      
,,cxlvii4 ,h[ f> is tradition & m5's    
words & m9i/ry to  be us$ or tru/$ 91 9 
! ex]cise ( fai?8    ,answ4 #a4 ,!      
*ur*es & m9i/]s receiv$ ! gospel 9      
,scripture  f ! apo/les1 & ! cre$ z !   
summ>y ( fai?3 & !y  deliv]$ x d[n to   
o!rs1 & !y to u4    #b4 ,! m9i/]s by    
(fice are ! in/ructors ( ! p 9 !  mean+ 
( x2 & ! keep]s ( ! ,scriptures1 z      
lawy]s are (  ! laws ( ! l&4#cii    #cii
 ,heb4 ii4 #c1 #d2 #b ,pet4 i4 #ag-ba2  
#b ,john i4 #a-e2 iv4 #f2 #b ,tim4 ii4  
#b2 ,tit4 i4 #e4      ,que/4 ,,cxlviii4 
,h[ "k we ! true canon ( ,scripture f   

apocrypha8    ,answ4 ,by ^! means set   
toge!r3 #a4 ,!re is1 = ! mo/ "p1 a      
special v5]able excell5cy 9 ! books     
!mselves1 :i* helpe? u  9 ! di/9ct      
reception ( !m4    #b4 ,! tradition (   
infallible *ur* hi/ory telle? u1 :i*    
books  !y are :i* 7 writt5 by m5 inspir$
 by ! ,holy ,gho/1 & :o  seal$ _!       
doctr9e ) miracles 9 ^? times2 x be+ b  
matt] ( fact1 7:i* books su* m5 wrote   
:om ,god b>e witness to17  infallible   
*ur* hi/ory 7su* z we h to "k :i* are ! 
/atutes ( ! l&1 & :i* are c\nt]feit7 is 
a suffici5t  notification & pro(4    #c4
 ,! sanctify+ ,_s /ill 9 all ages &     
*ri/ians1 atte/$  ! div9ity & tru? ( !  
doctr9e ( ! ma9 body ( ! ,bible1        
especially ! gospel2 & !n if we %\ld err
 ab\t ! au?ority  ( a p>ticul> book1 x  
w\ld n ov]?r[ our fai?4 ,x is n         
necess>y to salvation to believe ?is    
p>ticul> text to be div9e1  b x is s9 & 
folly to d\bt causelessly ( ! p>ts1 :5 !
  ,_s atte/e? ! doctr9e & ! body ( !    
book4 ,i pass ^!  ?+s briefly1 because  

,i h l>geli] h&l$ !m else:]e4           
,que/4 ,,cxlix4 ,is ! public read+ ( !  
,scripture ! prop] "w  ( a m9i/]8 or may
 a layman ord9>ily d x8 or ano!r (fic]8 
,answ4 ,9 su* cases z ,i be=e %[$ t a   
layman may prea*1 he  may also read !   
,scriptures4 ,( :i* look back4    #b4   
,no d\bt b x is a "w well beseem+ !     
orda9$ m9i/]s or  pa/ors1 & an integral 
"p ( _! (fice2 & %\ld n be put  (f by !m
 :5 !y c d x4    #c4 ,:5 !y ne$ help !  
deacons are orda9$ m9i/]s1 au?oriz$  to 
help !m 9 su* "w1 & fitte/ to d x4      
#d4 ,:e!r 9 a case ( necessity a layman 
may n ord9>ily read !  ,scripture to !  
congregation1 is a case t ,i am lo? to  
det]m9e1  be+ lo? to suppose su* a      
necessity4 ,b if ! m9i/] _c1  & !re be  
no deacon1 ,i _c prove x unlawful = a   
layman to d  x "u ! direction ( ! pa/or4
 ,i liv$ "s "t "u an old  m9i/] ( ab\t  
eighty ye>s ( age1 7:o nev] prea*$      
himself17  ^: eye-sight fail+ him1 &    
hav+ n ma9t5ance to keep an  assi/ant1  
he did by memory say ! ,common-pray]    

himself1 & got a  tailor "o ye>1 & a    
?re%] or poor day-lab\r] ano!r ye>1 to  
read all ! ,scriptures4 ,:e!r t 7 n     
bett] ?an no?+1 ,i  leave to            
consid]ation4    ,& ,i ?9k x is commonly
 agre$ on1 t :]e !re is no m9i/]1  x is 
bett] = ! p to meet & he> a layman read 
!  ,scriptures & "s good books1 ?an to h
 no public helps &  wor%ip4      ,que/4 
,,cl4 ,is x lawful to read ! apocrypha1 
or any good books  besides !            
,scriptures1 to ! *ur*8 ,z homilies1 c48
    ,answ4 #a4 ,x is n lawful to read !m
 z ,god's ^w1 or to pret5d  !m to be !  
holy ,scriptures1 = t is a falsehood1 & 
an  addition to ,god's ^w4    #b4 ,x is 
n lawful to read !m sc&al\sly1 9 a title
 & mann]  t5d+ to draw ! p to believe t 
!y are ,god's ^w1 or  )\t a suffici5t   
di/+ui%+ ( !m f ! holy ,scriptures4     
#c4 ,if any "o ( ! apocryphal books1 7z 
,judi?1 ,tobit1 ,bel & !  ,dragon1 c47  
be z fabul\s1 false1 & bad z our        
prote/ant writ]s  7,reignoldus1         
,amesius1 ,:itak]s1 ,*ami]1 & abundance 

m7 affirm  !m to be1 x is n lawful      
ord9>ily to read !m1 9 t  hon\rable way 
z *apt]s call$ lessons are usually read 
9 !  assemblies4 ,nor is x lawful s to  
read h]etical1 fabul\s1 or  errone\s    
books4    ,b x is lawful to read        
publicly1 apocryphal & human writ+s1    
homilies1 or edify+ s]mons1 on ^!       
conditions foll[+4    #a4 ,s be x !y be 
inde$ s\nd doctr9e1 holy1 & fitt$ to !  
p's edification4    #b4 ,s be x !y be n 
read sc&al\sly )\t suffici5t  diff]5c+  
!m f ,god's book4    #c4 ,s !y be n read
 to exclude or h9d] ! read+ ( !         
,scriptures1 or any o!r necess>y *ur*   
duty4    #d4 ,s !y be n read to keep up 
an ignorant1 lazy m9i/ry t c  or w d no 
bett]2 nor to ex]cise ! m9i/]'s slo?1 & 
h9d]  him f prea*+4    #e4 ,& especially
 if au?ority comm& x1 & ! *ur*'s        
agreem5t  require x1 z a signification  
:at doctr9e x is :i* !y pr(ess4    #f4  
,or if ! *ur*'s necessities require x2 z
 if !y h no  m9i/]1 or no "o t c d s mu*
 to _! edification any o!r  way4    #g4 

,!re=e ! use ( cate*isms is confess$    
lawful 9 ! *ur*1  by almo/ all4         
,que/4 ,,cli4 ,may *ur* assemblies be   
held :]e !re is no m9i/]8  ,or :at      
public wor%ip may be s p]=m$ by laym58  
7,z among  infidels1 or papi/s1 :]e     
p]secution ha? kill$1 imprison$1 or     
expell$ ! m9i/]s47    ,answ4 #a4 ,su* an
 assembly z ha? no pa/or1 or m9i/] (    
,*ri/1  is n a *ur*1 9 a political s5se1
 z ! ^w signifie? a  society consi/+ (  
pa/or & flock2 b x may be a *ur* 9 a    
l>g] s5se1 z ! ^w signifie? only a      
community or association  ( private     
*ri/ians = mutual help 9 holy ?+s4      
#b4 ,su* an assembly ought on ! ,"l's   
days1 & at o!r fit times1  to meet      
toge!r = mutual help1 & ! public        
wor%ipp+ ( ,god1  z !y may1 r ?an n to  
meet at all4    #c4 ,9 ^? meet+s !y may 
d all t foll[e?4 #a4 ,!y may pray       
toge!r2 a layman be+ ! speak]4 #b4 ,!y  
may s+ psalms4 #c4 ,!y  may read !      
,scriptures4 #d4 ,!y may read "s holy1  
edify+ writ+s  ( div9es1 or repeat "s   

m9i/]'s s]mons4 #e4 ,"s t are able/  may
 speak to ! in/ruction & exhortation ( !
 re/1 z a ma/]  may d 9 8 family1 or    
neighb\rs to /ir up ,god's graces 9 ea* 
o!r1 z 0 op5$ be=e4 #f4 ,& "s su* may   
cate*ise !  y\ng] & m ignorant4 #g4 ,!y 
may by mutual conf]5ce op5 _!  cases to 
ea* o!r1 & communicate :at k or exp]i5ce
 !y  h1 to ! praise ( ,god & ea* o!r's  
edification4 #h4 ,!y may  make a solemn 
pr(ession ( _! fai?1 cov5ant1 &         
subjection to  ,god ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 &    
,holy ,gho/2 & all ?is is bett] ?an     
no?+ at all4    ,b1 #a4 ,none ( !m may d
 any ( ?is z a pa/or1 rul]1 prie/1 or   
(fice tea*] ( ! *ur*4 #b4 ,nor may !y   
baptize4 #c4 ,nor  adm9i/] ! ,"l's      
supp]4 #d4 ,nor excommunicate by s5t5ce 
7b  only executively agree to avoid !   
notori\sly imp5it5t74 #e4 ,nor  absolve 
m9i/]ially1 or z by au?ority2 nor       
ex]cise any ( !  p[] ( ! keys1 t is1 (  
gov]nm5t4 #f4 ,& !y mu/ d _!  be/ to get
 a pa/or z soon z !y are able4          
,que/4 ,,clii4 ,is x lawful to subscribe

 or pr(ess full ass5t &  cons5t to any  
religi\s books besides ! ,scripture1    
see+ all are  fallible8    ,answ4 #a4 ,x
 is n lawful to pr(ess or subscribe t   
any book is  tru] or bett] ?an x is2 or 
t !re is no fault 9 any t is  faulty2 or
 to pr(ess t we believe any mortal man  
to be totally  infallible 9 all t he    
%all write or say1 or impeccable 9 all  
t he %all d4    #b4 ,because all m5 are 
fallible1 & s are we 9 judg+1 x is n    
lawful to say ( any l>ge & dubi\s books1
 9 :i* we "k no  fault1 t !re is no     
fault or error 9 !m3 we be+ unc]ta91  & 
x be+ usual = ! be/ m5 ev5 9 _! be/     
writ+s1  pray]s1 or works to be faulty1 
z ! consequ5t or effect ( our  common   
culpable imp]fection4 ,b we may say1 t  
we "k no fault or  error 9 x1 if inde$  
we d n "k ( any4    #c4 ,x is lawful to 
pr(ess or subscribe our ass5t & cons5t  
to any  human writ+ :i* we judge to be  
true & good1 accord+ to !  measure ( its
 tru? & goodness2 z if *ur* confessions 
t are  s\nd be (f]$ u = our cons5t1 we  

may say or subscribe1 ,i hold  all !    
doctr9e 9 ?is book to be true & good4 ,&
 by s do+ ,i  d n ass]t ! infallibility 
( ! au?ors1 b only ! v]ity (  ! writ+4  
,i d n say t he _c err1 or t he nev]    
erre?2  b t he erre? n 9 ?is1 z f> z ,i 
am able to disc]n4      ,que/4 ,,cliii4 
,may we lawfully swe> ob$i5ce 9 all ?+s 
lawful  & hone/1 ei!r to usurp]s1 or to 
our lawful pa/ors8    ,answ4 #a4 ,if !  
"q 7 ( impos+ su* oa?s1 ,i w\ld say1  t 
x 0 _m a hundr$ ye>s be=e ! *ur*es (    
,*ri/ 7ei!r  "u p]secution1 or 9 _!     
prosp]ity & glory7 did ev] "k (  any su*
 practice1 z ! p or ! presbyt]s swe>+   
ob$i5ce  to ! bi%ops4 ,& :5 x came up1 !
 magi/racy1 pr9ces1 &  emp]ors fell "u !
 feet ( ! pope2 & ! cl]gy grew to :at   
we see x 9 ! ,roman k+dom1 call$ a *ur*4
 ,& f> %\ld ,i be  f desir+ su* oa?s to 
be impos$4    #b4 ,b ! "q be+ only ( !  
tak+ su* oa?s1 & n !  impos+ ( !m1 ,i   
say1 t1 7#a47 ,x is n lawful to swe>    
ob$i5ce to a usurp]1 civil or           
ecclesia/ical1 9 licitis et  hone/is2   

because x is a subject+ ourselves to    
him1 & an  ackn[l$g+ t au?ority :i* he  
ha? n2 = we c swe> no  fur!r to obey !  
k+ himself b 9 ?+s lawful & hone/2 &  to
 d s by a usurp] is an injury to ! k+1 &
 unto ,*ri/4    7#b47 ,b if ! k+ himself
 %all comm& u to swe> ob$i5ce to a      
subord9ate civil usurp]1 he !reby cease?
 to be a usurp]1 &  receive? au?ority1 &
 x become? our duty4 ,& if he t 0 an    
ecclesia/ical usurp]1 quoad p]sonam1 t  
_h no true call to a  lawful (fice1 %all
 aft] h a call1 or if any ?+ fall out1  
:i* %all make x our duty to cons5t &    
call him1 !n !  imp$im5t f 8 usurpation 
is remov$4    7#c47 ,x is n lawful1 ?\gh
 ! civil magi/rate comm& u to swe>      
ob$i5ce ev5 9 licitis et hone/is1 to su*
 a usurp]1 ^:  (fice itself is unlawful1
 or =bidd5 by ,*ri/1 z he is su* an     
(fic]4 ,no prote/ant ?9ke? x lawful to  
swe> ob$i5ce to !  pope z pope2 nor d   
any t take lay-eld]s to be an unlawful  
(fice1 ?9k x lawful to swe> ob$i5ce to  
!m z su*4    7#d47 ,if "o t is 9 an     

unlawful ecclesia/ical (fice1 be also at
  once 9 ano!r t is lawful1 we may swe> 
ob$i5ce to him 9  respect ( ! lawful    
(fice4 ,s x is lawful to swe> ob$i5ce to
  ! pope 9 ,italy1 z a temporal pr9ce 9 
8 own dom9ions2 & to a  c>d9al1 7z      
,ri*elieu1 ,maz>9e1 ,xim5es1 c47 z !    
k+'s  m9i/]s1 ex]cis+ a p[] d]iv$ f him3
 s x is lawful = a  t5ant1 :]e law &    
cu/om require? x1 to swe> fidelity to a 
lay-eld]1 z 8 l&lord or temporal "l &   
ma/]4 ,& s ! old  noncon=mi/s1 :o ?\ght 
! ,engli% prelacy an unlawful (fice1    
yet ma9ta9$ t x is lawful to take ! oa? 
( canonical  ob$i5ce1 because !y ?\ght x
 0 impos$ by ! k+ & laws1  & t we swe>  
to !m n z (fic]s claim+ a div9e "r 9  ! 
spiritual gov]nm5t1 b z ord9>ies1 or    
(fic]s made by !  k+ to ex]cise s mu* ( 
ecclesia/ical jurisdiction "u him1 z  he
 c delegate2 accord+ to ! oa? (         
supremacy1 9 :i* we all  ackn[l$ge ! k+ 
to be supreme 9 all ecclesia/ical       
causes2 t  is1 n ! supreme pa/or1 bi%op1
 or spiritual key-be>] or rul]1  b !    

supreme civil rul] ( ! *ur*1 :o ha? !   
p[] ( !  sword1 & ( det]m9+ all ?+s     
extr9sic to ! pa/oral (fice2  & s ( !   
co]cive gov]nm5t ( all pa/ors & *ur*es1 
z well  z ( o!r subjects4 ,& if prelacy 
7 prov$ nev] s unlawful1 no  d\bt b by !
 k+'s comm& we may swe> or p]=m =mal    
ob$i5ce to a prelate1 z he is ! k+'s    
(fic]4 ,( !  noncon=mi/s' judgm5t 9 ?is1
 read ,brad%aw aga9/ ,canne1 c4    7#e47
 ,b 9 su* a case no oa? to inf]iors is  
lawful )\t !  cons5t ( ! sov]eign p[]1  
or at lea/ aga9/ 8 w4    7#f47 ,?\gh x  
be a duty = ! flock to obey e presbyt]1 
yet if  !y w\ld make all ! p swe>       
ob$i5ce to !m1 all wise &  conscionable 
*ri/ians %\ld diss5t f ! introduction ( 
su* a  cu/om1 & d5y su* oa?s z f> z     
lawfully !y may3 t is1    #a4 ,if ! k+  
be aga9/ x1 we mu/ refuse x4    #b4 ,if 
he be neutral or m]ely passive 9 x1 we  
mu/ refuse1 unless  "s app>5t necessity 
= ! *ur*'s good require x4    #a4       
,because x sav\re? ( pride 9 su*        
presbyt]s4    #b4 ,because x is a new   

cu/om 9 ! *ur*1 & contr>y to !  anci5t  
practice4    #c4 ,x is n only )\t any   
au?ority giv5 !m by ,*ri/1 t  !y exact  
su* oa?s1 b also contr>y to ! great     
humility1  l[l9ess1 & condesc5sion1 9   
:i* he describe? 8 m9i/]s1  :o mu/ be   
great1 by be+ ! s]vants ( all4#djja     
#d4 ,& x t5de? to corrupt ! cl]gy = !   
future4    #e4 ,& su* new impositions   
give j reason to pr9ces & to !  p to    
suspect t ! presbyt]s are aspir+ aft] "s
  inord9ate exaltation1 or h "s ill     
project = ! advancem5t (  !mselves4     
7#g47 ,b yet if x be n only _! own      
ambition :i* impose? x1  b ei!r ! k+ &  
laws comm& x1 or necessity require x =  
! avoidance ( a great] evil1 x may be   
lawful & a duty to take  an oa? (       
ob$i5ce to a lawful presbyt] or bi%op2  
because1 #a4 ,x  is a duty to obey !m4  
#b4 ,& x is n =bidd5 u by ,*ri/ to      
promise or swe> to d our duty 7ev5 :5 !y
 may s9 9 dem&+  su* an oa?74    7#h47  
,if an (fice be lawful 9 ! ess5tial     
p>ts1 & yet h  unlawful integrals1 or   

adjuncts1 or be abus$ 9 ex]cise1 x w n  
by su* additions or abuses be made      
unlawful to swe> ob$i5ce to !  (fic] z  
su*4    7#i47 ,if "o presbyt] or bi%op  
w\ld make ano!r presbyt] or bi%op  to   
swe> ob$i5ce to him )\t au?ority1 ! case
 is ! same z  ( ! usurp]s be=e m5tion$4 
#djj ,matt4 xxii4 #d1 #aj2 ,luke xxii4  
#bg1 c42 ,m>k ix4 #ce2 #a ,pet4 v4 #b1  
#c2 #a ,cor4 ix4 #ai2 iv4 #a2 #b ,cor4  
iv4 #e4      ,que/4 ,,cliv4 ,mu/ all our
 prea*+ be ^u a text ( ,scripture8      
,answ4 #a4 ,9 _m cases x may be lawful  
to prea* )\t a  text2#dja to make sacr$ 
orations l ,gregory ,nazianz5's1 &      
homilies l ,mac>ius's1 ,ephrem ,syrus's1
 & _m o!r anci5ts1 &  l our own *ur*    
homilies4    #b4 ,b ord9>ily x is !     
fitte/ way to prea* ^u a text (         
,scripture4#djb #a4 ,because x is our v 
(fice to tea* ! p  ! ,scripture4 ,!     
prophets br\ght a new ^w or message f   
,god2  b ! prie/s did b keep1 int]pret1 
& prea* ! law already  receiv$3 & we are
 n successors ( ! inspir$ prophets1 b z 

! prie/s 71 tea*]s ( ,god's receiv$ ^w4 
,& ?is practice  w help ! p to und]/&   
our (fice4 #b4 ,& x w pres]ve  ! due    
e/eem & rev]5ce ( ! holy ,scriptures1   
:i* !  contr>y practice may dim9i%4     
#dja ,acts ii42 iii42 ,luke iv4 #ah4    
#djb ,mal4 ii4 #g4      ,que/4 ,,clv4   
,is n ! law ( ,moses abrogat$1 & ! :ole 
,old  ,te/am5t out ( date1 & !re=e n to 
be read publicly &  prea*$ on8    ,answ4
 #a4 ,! cov5ant ( innoc5cy is ceas$     
cessante subditorum  capacitate1 z a    
cov5ant or promise4 ,& s are ! positive 
laws  prop] to ,adam1 9 t /ate1 & to _m 
p>ticul> p]sons s9ce4    #b4 ,! cov5ant 
mix$ ( grace & works1 prop] to ! ,jews1 
) all  ! ,jewi% law z su*1 0 nev] made  
to u1 or to ! re/ ( !  _w2 & to ! ,jews 
x is ceas$ by ! com+ & p]fect] laws  &  
cov5ant ( ,*ri/4    #c4 ,! prophecies & 
types ( ,*ri/1 & ! promises made to     
,adam1  ,abraham1 & o!rs1 ( 8 com+ 9 !  
fle%1 are all fulfill$1  & !re=e n      
useful to all ! ends ( _! fir/ mak+3 &  
! _m prophecies ( p>ticul> ?+s & p]sons 

pa/ & gone are  accompli%$4    #d4 ,b ! 
law ( nature is /ill ,*ri/'s law2 & t   
law is mu*  exp\nd$ to u 9 ! ,old       
,te/am5t3 & if ,god once1 = ano!r  use1 
did say1 ,?is is ! law ( nature1 ! tru? 
( ^! words z a  div9e doctr9e &         
exposition ( ! law ( nature is /ill !   
same4    #e4 ,! cov5ant ( grace made )  
,adam & ,noah = all mank9d1 is  /ill 9  
=ce z to ! great b5efits & ma9          
condition1 t is1  z to p>don giv5 by x  
to true p5it5t believ]s1 ) a "r to      
ev]la/+ life1 & z to ! obligation to    
s9c]e ob$i5ce =  salvation3 ?\gh n z to 
! yet future com+ ( ,*ri/ 9 !  fle%4 ,& 
?is law ( grace 0 nev] yet repeal$ any  
fur!r ?an  ,*ri/'s com+ did fulfil x &  
p]fect x3 !re=e to ! re/ (  ! _w1 :o    
nev] c h ! gospel or p]fect] te/am5t1 z 
*ri/ians h1 ! =m] law ( grace is yet 9  
=ce4 ,& t is  ! law1 conjo9$ ) ! law (  
nature1 :i* n[ ! _w )\t  ! *ur* is "u3  
"u1 ,i say1 z to ! =ce ( ! law1 & a  =m]
 promulgation made to ,adam & ,noah1 &  
"s common intimations  ( x 9 m]ciful    

=be>ances1 p>dons1 & b5efits2 ?\gh h[ _m
  are "u x z to ! k1 reception1 belief1 
& ob$i5ce (  x1 & consequ5tly are sav$  
by x1 is m ?an ,i or any man  kn[e?4    
#f4 ,!re are _m prophecies ( ,*ri/ & !  
*ri/ian *ur* 9 !  ,old ,te/am5t yet to  
be fulfill$1 & !re=e are /ill ,god's ^w 
= u4    #g4 ,!re are _m precepts ( ,god 
to ! ,jews & to p>ticul>  p]sons1 giv5  
!m on reasons common to !m ) u2 :]e     
p>ity (  reason w help !nce to ga!r our 
own duty n[4    #h4 ,!re are _m holy    
expressions1 7z 9 ! ,psalms17 :i* are   
fitt$ to p]sons 9 our condition1 & came 
f ! ,_s ( ,god2  & !re=e z su* are fit =
 u n[4    #i4 ,ev5 ! fulfill$ promises1 
types1 & prophecies1 are /ill ,god's    
words1 t is1 8 ^w giv5 to _! sev]al     
prop] uses3 &  ?\gh mu* ( _! use be     
*ang$ or ceas$1 s is n all3 !y are  yet 
useful to u1 to confirm our fai?1 :ile  
we see _!  accompli%m5t1 & see h[ mu*   
,god /ill l$ 8 *ur* to happ9ess  9 "o & 
! same way4    #aj4 ,on all ^! acc\nts  
!re=e we may /ill read ! ,old  ,te/am5t1

 & prea* ^u x 9 ! public *ur*es4#djc    
#djc #b ,tim4 iii4 #ae2 ,rom4 xv4 #d2   
xvi4 #bf2 ,matt4 xxii4 #bi2 ,luke xxiv4 
#bg1 #cb1 #de2 ,john v4 #ci2 ,acts xvii4
 #b1 #aa2 xviii4 #bd1 #be2 ,john xx4 #i2
  vii4 #ch1 #db2 x4 #ce2 xiii4 #ah2 xix4
 #bd1 #bh2 ,luke iv4 #ah1 #ba2 #b ,tim4 
iii4 #af2 #b ,pet4 i4 #ai1 #bj2 ,acts   
viii4 #cb1 #cc1 #ce2 ,rom4 i4 #b4       
,que/4 ,,clvi4 ,mu/ we believe t        
,moses's law did ev] b9d o!r  nations2  
or t any o!r p>ts ( ! ,scripture b\nd   
!m1 or  belong to !m8 or t ! ,jews 7 all
 ,god's visible *ur* on  e>?8    ,answ4 
,i conjo9 ^! ?ree que/ions = despat*4   
,i4 #a4 ,"s ( ! matt] ( ,moses's law did
 b9d all nations2 t is1  ! law ( nature 
z su*4    #b4 ,^? t _h ! k ( ! ,jewi%   
law1 7 b\nd  collat]ally to believe &   
obey all ! expositions ( ! law (  nature
 9 x1 & all ! laws :i* 7 giv5 ^u reasons
 common to  all ! _w2 7z ab\t degrees ( 
m>riage1 p>ticul> rules (  ju/ice1 c47  
,z if ,i he>d ,god f heav5 tell ano!r t 
/&e?  by me1 ,?\ %alt n m>ry ?y fa!r's  

wid[2 = x is abom9able1  ,i ought to    
apply t to me1 be+ 8 subject1 :i* is    
spok5 to  ano!r on a common reason4#djd 
#c4 ,all ^? g5tiles t w\ld be           
proselytes1 & jo9 ) ! ,jews  9 _!       
policy1 & dwelt among !m1 7 b\nd to be  
obs]v]s (  _! laws4 ,b1 #a4 ,! law (    
nature z mosaical1 did n =mally  &      
directly b9d o!r nations4 #b4 ,nor 7 !y 
b\nd to ! laws (  _! peculi> policy1    
civil or ecclesia/ical1 :i* 7 positives4
  ,! reason is1 7#a47 ,because !y 7 all 
"o body ( political laws1  giv5         
peculi>ly to "o political body4 ,ev5 !  
decalogue itself 0  to !m a political   
law4 7#b47 ,because ,moses 0 n au?oriz$ 
or s5t  to be ! m$iator or deliv]] ( t  
law to any nation b !  ,jews4 ,& be+    
nev] 9 ! enact+ or promulgation s5t or  
direct$  to ! re/ ( ! _w1 x c\ld n b9d  
!m4    ,,ii4 ,z to ! second "q1 ,?\gh ! 
,scripture z a writ+ b\nd  n all ! _w1  
yet1 #a4 ,! law ( nature z su* :i* is   
record$  9 ,scripture did b9d all4 #b4  
,! cov5ant ( grace 0 made ) all  mank9d 

9 ,adam & ,noah2 & !y 7 b\nd to         
promulgate x by  tradition to all _!    
(fspr+4 ,& no d\bt s !y did2 :e!r by    
^w1 7z all did17 or by writ+ also1 7z x 
is l "s did1 z  ,eno*'s prophecies 7 x  
is l deliv]$1 or else !y _h n 9  t]ms   
be5 pres]v$ till ,jude's "t74 #c4 ,&    
,god himself z  a=esaid by actual       
provid5ces1 p>don+1 & b5efits giv5 to !m
  t des]v$ hell1 did 9 "p promulgate x  
himself4 #d4 ,!  neighb\r nations might 
le>n mu* by ,god's doctr9e & deal+ )  ! 
,jews4#dje    ,,iii4 ,to ! ?ird "q1 ,i  
answ]1 #a4 ,! ,jews 7 a p *os5  by ,god 
out ( all ! nations ( ! e>?1 to be a    
holy nation1 &  8 peculi> treasure1 hav+
 a peculi> div9e law & cov5ant1 &  _m   
great privileges1 to :i* ! re/ ( ! _w 7 
/rang]s2  s t !y 7 advanc$ above all o!r
 k+doms ( ! _w1  ?\gh n 9 weal?1 nor    
worldly p[]1 nor l>g5ess ( dom9ion1  yet
 9 a special de>ness unto ,god4#djf     
#b4 ,b !y 7 n ! only p to :om ,god made 
a cov5ant (  grace 9 ,adam & ,noah1 z   
di/9ct f ! law or cov5ant (  innoc5cy4  

#c4 ,nor 7 !y ! only p t pr(ess$ to     
wor%ip ! true  ,god2 nei!r 0 hol9ess &  
salvation conf9$ to !m2 b 7  f\nd 9 o!r 
nations4 ,!re=e ?\gh we h b little      
notice (  ! /ate ( o!r k+doms 9 _!      
times1 & sc>cely "k :at  national *ur*es
 7t is1 :ole nations pr(ess+ sav+ fai?7 
!re 71 yet we may conclude t !re 7 o!r  
visible *ur*es  besides ! ,jews4 ,=1 #a4
 ,no ,scripture d5ie? x2 & *>ity !n  mu/
 hope ! be/4 #b4 ,! ,scriptures ( ! ,old
 ,te/am5t give u  small acc\nt ( o!r    
c\ntries1 b ( ! ,jews alone1 ) "s (  _! 
neighb\rs4 #c4 ,%em 0 alive 9 ,abraham's
 days 7yea1 ab\t #cd  ye>s aft]         
,abraham's dea?1 & )9 #ab ye>s (        
,i%mael's dea?1  viz4 till ab\t ,an4    
,mundi #baeh74 ,& s great & bless$ a man
 z  ,%em1 _c be ?\ght to be less ?an a  
k+1 & to h a k+dom  gov]n$ accord+ to 8 
hol9ess2 & s t !re 0 ) him n  only a    
*ur*1 b a national *ur*1 or holy k+dom4 
#d4 ,&  ,mel*iz$ec 0 a holy k+ & prie/2 
& !re=e _h a k+dom  holily gov]n$2 &    
!re=e n only a visible b also a national

  *ur* 7suppos+ t he 0 n ,%em1 z ! ,jews
 & ,br\ghton1 c4  ?9k2 = ! situation ( 8
 c\ntry do? make _m des]t t  op9ion74   
#e4 ,& ,job & 8 fri5ds %[ t !re 7 *ur*es
  !n besides ! ,jews4 #f4 ,& x is n to  
be ?\ght t all  ,i%mael's po/]ity       
sudd5ly apo/atiz$4 #g4 ,nor t ,esau's   
po/]ity  _h no *ur* /ate 7= bo? reta9$  
circumcision74 #h4 ,nor is x  l t       
,abraham's (fspr+ by ,keturah 7 all     
apo/ates1 be+  once in*ur*$4 ,= ?\gh !  
special promise 0 made to ,isaac's  se$1
 z ! peculi> holy nation1 c4 yet n z !  
only *ildr5 (  ,god1 or p]sons 9 a /ate 
( salvation4 #i4 ,& ! passages 9 ,jonah 
ab\t ,n9eveh give u "s su* intimations  
also4 #aj4 ,& ,japhe? &  8 se$ be+ "u a 
special bless+1 x is n l t !y all  prov$
 apo/ates4 ,& :at 0 9 all o!r k+doms ( !
 _w is  little kn[n to u4    ,we mu/    
!re=e take he$ ( conclud+1 7z ! pr\d    
,jews 7 at  la/ apt to d ( !mselves17 t 
because !y 7 a *os5 nation  privileg$   
above all o!rs1 t !re=e ! ,r$eem] "u !  
law  ( grace made to ,adam1 _h no o!r   

*ur*es 9 ! _w1 & t  !re 7 none sav$ b ! 
,jews & proselytes4#djg    #djd ,rom4   
ii42 i4 #bj1 #ba2 ,exod4 xii4 #ai1 #dc1 
#dh1 #di2 xx4 #aj2 ,lev4  xvii4 #ab1    
#ae2 xviii4 #bf2 xxiv4 #af1 #bb2 ,numb4 
ix4 #ad2 xv4 #ad-af1 #bi1  #cj2 xix4    
#aj2 ,deut4 i4 #af4    #dje ,psal4 cxlv4
 #i2 ciii4 #ai2 c4 #a2 ,rom4 xiv4 #aa2  
,judg4 xiv4 #ae4    #djf ,deut4 xiv4 #b1
 #c2 vii4 #b1 #f1 #g2 ,exod4 xix4 #e2   
vi4 #g1 #h2 ,lev4 xx4  #bd1 #bf2 ,deut4 
iv4 #bj1 #cc2 xxix4 #ac2 xxxiii4 #bi2   
,rom4 iii4 #a-c4    #djg ,x is ?is      
,jewi% pride ( _! own pr]ogatives :i*   
,paul s  mu* lab\re? 9 all 8 epi/les to 
pull d[n4      ,que/4 ,,clvii4 ,mu/ we  
?9k accord+ly ( ! *ri/ian *ur*es  n[1 t 
!y are only advanc$ above ! re/ ( ! _w z
 !  ,jews 71 b n ! only p t are sav$8   
,answ4 ,?is "q be+ fitt] = ano!r place1 
:at hope !re  is ( ! salvation ( ! p t  
are n *ri/ians1 ,i h  purposely h&l$ 9  
ano!r treatise1 79 my ,me?od4 ,!ologi17 
& %all only say n[1 #a4 ,t ^? t receive 
n ,*ri/ & !  gospel reveal$ & (f]$ to !m

 _c be sav$4#djh #b4 ,t all  ^? %all be 
sav$ 7if su* !re be7 :o nev] _h         
suffici5t means  to "k ,*ri/ inc>nate1 &
 yet d fai?fully p]=m ! common          
conditions ( ! cov5ant ( grace z x 0    
made ) ,adam & ,noah2  & p>ticul>ly all 
t are truly sanctifi$1 :o truly hate all
  kn[n s91 & love ,god z ,god above all1
 z _! m]ciful1  reconcil$1 p>don+ ,fa!r1
 & lay up all _! hopes 9 heav51 9  !    
ev]la/+ fruition ( him 9 glory1 & set _!
 he>ts !re1  & = ^? hopes d5y ! int]e/ (
 ! fle%1 & all ?+s (  ?is _w4#dji    #c4
 ,b h[ _m or :o do? ?is abroad 9 all !  
k+doms ( !  _w1 :o h n ! di/9ct k ( !   
articles ( !  *ri/ian fai?1 x is n      
possible = u to "k4    #d4 ,b 7z ,aqu9as
 & ! s*oolm5 ord9>ily conclude ?is  "q7 
we are sure t ! *ur* ha? ?is pr]ogative 
above all  o!rs1 t salvation is         
incomp>ably m common to *ri/ians1 ?an   
to any o!rs1 z _! light1 & helps1 &     
means are m4 ,!  op9ions ( ,ju/91 &     
,clem4 ,alex&r4 ,orig51 & _m o!r        
anci5ts1 ( ! hea!ns' salvation1 ,i      

suppose is kn[n4 ,9 %ort3    #a4 ,x     
seems pla9 to me1 t all ! _w t are no   
*ri/ians1  & h n ! gospel1 are n by     
,*ri/'s inc>nation put into a  worse    
condition ?an !y 7 9 be=e2 b may be sav$
 on ! same  t]ms t !y might h be5 sav$  
on be=e4#daj    #b4 ,t ,*ri/'s apo/les 7
 9 a /ate ( salvation be=e !y  believ$ !
 articles ( ,*ri/'s dy+ = s91 8         
resurrection1  asc5sion1 ! giv+ ( !     
,holy ,gho/1 & ,*ri/'s com+ to  judgm5t1
 z !y are n[ to be believ$4#daa    #c4  
,t all ! fai?ful be=e ,*ri/'s com+ 7    
sav$ by a m  g5]al fai? ?an ! apo/les   
_h1 z n be+ t]m9at$ 9 ?is  p]son1       
,jesus1 z ! ,messiah1 b only expect$ !  
,messiah to  come4#dab    #d4 ,t z m    
articles are necess>y to ^? t h !       
gospel1  ?an to ^? t h x n1 & to ^? s9ce
 ,*ri/'s  inc>nation t he> ( him1 ?an to
 ! ,jews be=e1 s be=e1  !re 7 m ?+s     
necess>y ev5 to ^? ,jews1 7t _h a  %ort]
 cre$ ?an t :i* ! apo/les believ$ be=e !
  resurrection17 ?an 0 to ! re/ ( ! _w t
 _h n  promises1 prophecies1 types1 &   

laws1 s p>ticul>1 di/9ct1 &  full z !y  
_h4#dac    #e4 ,t ! promises1 cov5ant1  
or law ( grace1 0 made to all  laps$    
mank9d 9 ,adam & ,noah4#dad    #f4 ,t   
?is law or cov5ant is /ill ( ! same     
t5or1 & n  repeal$4#dae    #g4 ,t ?is   
cov5ant give? p>don+ m]cy1 & salvation1 
&  promise? victory ov] ,satan1 to & by 
! holy se$4#daf    #h4 ,t ! condition on
 man's "p1 is rep5tance1 & fai? 9 ,god  
z a m]ciful ,god1 ?us p>don+ s91 & sav+ 
! p5it5t  believ]4 ,b j h[ p>ticul> or  
di/9ct _! belief ( !  inc>nation ( ,*ri/
 0 to be1 is h>d to det]m9e4#dag    #i4 
,b aft] ,*ri/'s inc>nation1 ev5 !y t "k 
x n1 yet are  n by ! fir/ cov5ant b\nd  
to believe t ! ,messiah is yet to  be   
inc>nate1 or ! ^w made fle%2 = !y are n 
b\nd to  believe an untru?1 & t z !     
condition ( salvation4#dah    #aj4 ,m5 7
 sav$ by ,*ri/ ab\t f\r ?\s& ye>s be=e  
he 0  man1 & _h suff]$1 satisfi$1 or    
m]it$ z man4    #aa4 ,! :ole c\rse (    
,god's actual provid5ce s9ce ! fall1 ha?
  s fill$ ! _w ) m]cies contr>y to man's

 dem]it1 t x is  an actual univ]sal     
proclamation ( ! p>don+ law ( grace2 :i*
  is !reby n[ become ev5 a law ( nature1
 t is1 ( laps$1  p>don$ nature1 z ! fir/
 0 ! natural law ( innoc5ce4#dai    #ab4
 ,*ri/ give? a great deal ( m]cy to !m t
 nev] he>d (  him or "k him3 & he give? 
f> m m]cy to believ]s1 ?an !y  h a      
p>ticul> k & belief (4#dbj    #ac4 ,!re 
is no salvation b by ,*ri/ ! ,savi\r ( !
 _w2  ?\gh !re be m m]cy f ,*ri/1 ?an   
!re is fai? 9  ,*ri/4#dba    #ad4 ,no   
man c\ld ev] be sav$ )\t believ+ 9 ,god 
z a m]ciful1  p>don+1 sav+ ,god1 ?\gh _m
 h be5 sav$ :o knew n !  p]son ( ,*ri/1 
det]m9ately4 ,= he t come? to ,god mu/  
believe t ,god is1 & t he is ! rew>d] ( 
!m t  dilig5tly seek him2 :o is no      
respect] ( p]sons1 b 9 e  nation1 he t  
fe>e? ,god & worke? righte\sness is     
accept$ (  him4#dbb    #ae4 ,all nations
 on e>? t h n ! gospel1 are oblig$ by   
,god  to ! use ( c]ta9 means1 &         
improvem5t ( c]ta9 m]cies1 9  ord] or   
t5d5cy to _! salvation4 ,& x is _! s9 if

 !y use  !m n4#dbc    #af4 ,god ha?     
appo9t$ no means 9 va91 :i* m5 mu/ ei!r 
n  use1 or use despair+ly4 ,b 8 comm& to
 use any means = any  end1 conta9e?     
7?\gh n an explicit promise1 yet7 great 
&  com=table enc\ragem5t to use t means 
9 hope4#dbd    #ag4 ,!re=e ! _w is n[ 9 
comp>ison ( ! ca?olic *ur*1  mu* l :at x
 0 be=e ,*ri/'s inc>nation 9 comp>ison (
 !  ,jews' *ur*2 :o yet _h _m ways great
 advantage1 ?\gh ,god 0  n ! ,god ( !   
,jews only1 b also ( ! g5tiles1 :o _h a 
law  writt5 9 _! he>ts1 & an accus+ or  
excus+ consci5ce4    #ah4 ,^? ov]-do+   
div9es :o pret5d to be c]ta9 t all !  _w
 are damn$ t are n *ri/ians1 d add to   
,god's ^w1 &  are great ag5ts = ,satan  
to tempt m5 to infidelity1 & to a!ism   
itself1 & to dissuade mank9d f disc]n+ !
 inf9ite goodness  ( ,god2 & occasion _m
 to d5y ! immortality ( ! s\l1 r  ?an !y
 w believe1 t five p>ts 9 six ( ! _w n[1
 &  almo/ all be=e ,*ri/'s inc>nation1 h
 immortal s\ls purposely  creat$ 9 !m1  
to be damn$1 )\t any prop\nd$ means &   

possibility natural ( rem$y2 & z ,i "k  
!y w p\r out _!  bitt] c5sure on ^!     
l9es1 7:i* ,i c\ld avoid if ,i reg>d$ x 
m ?an tru?17 s ) :at measure !y mete1 x 
%all be measur$  to !m2 & o!rs w damn !m
 z confid5tly z !y damn almo/  all ! _w2
 & ,i w be bold to c5sure t !y are      
undo]s (  ! *ur* by ov]-do+4 ,see m 9 my
 ,v9dication ( ,god's  ,goodness4       
#djh ,m>k xvi4 #af2 ,john iii4 #af-bj2  
i4 #aa1 #ab4    #dji ,psal4 xix4 #a-e2  
,acts x4 #b1 #c1 #ce2 ,rom4 ii4    #daj 
#a ,tim4 ii4 #d2 iv4 #aj2 ,tit4 ii4 #aa2
 ,john i4 #bi2 iii4 #ag2 iv4 #db2  ,rom4
 i4 #ba4    #daa ,john v4 #a1 c42 ix4   
#ab1 c42 ,matt4 xvi4 #bb2 ,john xii4    
#bf2 ,luke  xviii4 #cd4    #dab ,mal4   
iii4 #a1 #b2 ,john iv4 #be4    #dac     
,rom4 ii4 #ab1 #ad1 #bf2 ,luke xii4 #dg1
 #dh2 xvi4 #aj4    #dad ,g54 iii4 #ae2  
ix4 #a-d4    #dae ,psal4 cxxxvi42 ciii4 
#bg2 c4 #e4    #daf ,g54 iii4 #ae2      
,jonah iii4 #i1 #aj2 iv4 #b4    #dag    
,jonah ibid42 ,rom4 ii4 #d2 ,luke xiii4 
#c1 #e2 ,acts l4 #ce2 ,john iii4        

#ai-ba4    #dah #a ,john iv4 #b1 #c2 #a 
,tim4 iii4 #af4    #dai ,rom4 i4 #bj1   
#ba2 ,acts xiv4 #ag2 ,rom4 ii4 #ae1 #af2
 ,psal4 xix4 #a-c2  ,prov4 i4 #bj-bd2   
,exod4 xxxiv4 #f2 ,j]4 iii4 #ab2 ,john  
iv4 #b2 ,luke vi4 #cf2  xviii4 #ac4     
#dbj ,psal4 cxlv4 #i2 #a ,tim4 iv4 #aj2 
,rom4 x4 #bj    #dba ,acts iv4 #ab2     
,john xiv4 #f1 #g4    #dbb ,heb4 xi4 #f2
 ,acts x4 #ce2 #b ,!ss4 i4 #aa1 #ab2    
,j]4 x4 #be2 ,rom4 x4  #ab-ae4    #dbc  
,acts xiv4 #dg2 xvii4 #bg-cj2 ,rom4 i4  
#ai-bb2 ii4 #d1 #g1 #aj1 #ad-af1  #bg2  
,isa4 lv4 #f1 #g4    #dbd ,jonah iv4 #b2
 iii4 #aj2 ,acts x4 #ce2 ,mal4 iii4 #ad2
 ,isa4 xlv4 #ai2  ,deut4 xxxii4 #dg2    
,mal4 i4 #aj2 ,prov4 i4 #bb-bd2 ,g54 iv4
 #g2 ,rom4 ii42  iii4      ,que/4       
,,clviii4 ,%\ld n *ri/ians take up )    
,scripture wisdom  only1 )\t /udy+      
philosophy & o!r hea!ns' human le>n+8   
,answ4 ,i h already prov$ ! usefulness (
 common k  call$ human le>n+1 by tw5ty  
reasons 9 my book call$ ,!              
,unreasonabl5ess ( ,infidelity1 "p ii4  

sect4 #bc4 p4 #afc1 to :i* ,i  ref] !   
read]2 & only say n[1 #a4 ,grace        
presuppose? nature2 we  are m5 9 ord] ( 
nature at lea/ be=e we are sa9ts1 &     
reason  is be=e sup]natural revelation4 
#b4 ,common k !re=e is  subs]vi5t unto  
fai?3 we mu/ "k ! ,creator & 8 works2 & 
! ,r$eem] re/ore? u to ! due k ( !      
,creator3 human  le>n+ 9 ! s5se 9 "q is 
also div9e1 ,god is ! au?or (  ! light (
 nature1 z well z ( grace4 ,we h m ?an  
hea!ns1  b mu/ n !re=e h less1 & ca/    
away ! good t is  common to !m & u2 else
 we mu/ n h s\ls1 bodies1 reason1       
heal?1 "t1 meat1 dr9k1 clo!s1 c4 because
 hea!ns h !m4  ,god's works are         
hon\rable1 s\ght out ( all !m t h       
pleasure  !re92 & physical philosophy is
 no?+ b ! k ( ,god's  works4 #c4 ,& ! k 
( languages is necess>y bo? = human     
conv]se1 & = ! und]/&+ ! ,scriptures    
!mselves4 ,!  ,scriptures conta9 n a    
,greek & ,hebrew gramm> to und]/& !     
languages 9 :i* !y are writt51 b suppose
 u o!rwise taught  ^? tongues t we may  

int]pret !m4 #d4 ,! use ( ! gospel is  n
 to tea* u all ?+s ne$ful to be kn[n2 b 
to tea* u1 on  supposition ( our common 
k1 h[ to advance high] to  sup]natural  
sav+ k1 fai?1 love1 & practice4         
,scripture  telle? u n h[ to build a    
h\se1 to pl\gh1 s[1 weave1 or make  our 
works ( art4 ,e "o t le>ne? 8 c\ntry    
tongue ( 8  p>5ts ha? human le>n+ ( !   
same sort ) ! le>n+ (  ,greek & ,hebrew2
 he t le>ne? n to read1 _c read !       
,bible4  ,& he t und]/&e? x n 9 !       
orig9al tongues1 mu/ tru/  o!r m5's     
words t h human le>n+1 or else rema9 a  
/rang]  to x4#dbe    ,b ?\gh none b pr\d
 fools w d5y ! ne$ ( t human  le>n+ :i* 
improve? nature1 & is subs]vi5t to our k
  ( sup]natural revelations1 yet well   
do? ,paul admoni% u1 to take  he$ t none
 deceive u by va9 philosophy2 & sai? t !
  wisdom ( ! _w is fooli%ness ) ,god1 & 
t ! k (  ,*ri/ crucifi$ is ! true       
*ri/ian philosophy or wisdom4 ,=  inde$ 
! d>k philosoph]s grop+ aft] ! k ( ,god1
 did  frequ5tly /umble1 & did introduce 

abundance ( logical &  physical         
vanities1 unc]ta9ties1 & falsities1 "u !
 "n (  philosophy1 by m]e niceties &    
high pret5d+s1 seek+ = !  glory ( wisdom
 to !mselves2 :5as x is "o ?+ to "k     
,god's  works & ,god 9 !m1 & ano!r ?+ to
 compose a sy/em (  physics &           
metaphysics conta9+ abundance ( errors &
 confusion1  & jumbl+ a few c]ta9ties ) 
a great _m unc]ta9ties &  untru?s1 & e  
sect pull+ d[n :at o!rs ass]t$1 & all ( 
!m disprov+ ! me?ods & ass]tions ( o!rs1
 & none prov+  _! own4 ,& ! tru? is1    
aft] all latt] discov]ies1 !re is  yet s
 mu* error1 d>kness1 unc]ta9ty1 &       
confusion 9 !  philosophy ( e pret5d+   
sect1 7! ,p]ipatetics1 ! ,/oics1  !     
,py?agoreans & ,platoni/s1 mu* m !      
,epicureans1 !  ,lulliani/s1 &          
,c>tesians1 ,telesius1 ,campanella1     
,patricius1  ,gass5dus1 c47 t x is a    
wond] t any t ev] ?or\ghly  tri$ !m1 c  
be s weak z to glory mu* ( ! c]ta9ties &
  me?ods ( any1 :i* hi!rto are s        
palpably unc]ta91 & full (  c]ta9       

errors4 ,we may !re=e make use ( all    
true human le>n+1  real & organical 7&  
he is ! happy s*ol> :o fa/5e? ^u !      
c]ta9 & ! useful p>ts well di/+ui%$ f ! 
re/1 &  truly use? !m to _! great &     
prop] ends73 b niceties &  fool]ies :i* 
"s sp5d _! lives 9 = m]e o/5tation1 &   
also unc]ta9 presumptions1 %\ld be mu*  
neglect$2 & ! great1  c]ta91 necess>y1  
sav+ v]ities ( morality & ! gospel mu/  
be  de>ly lov$1 & ?ankfully embrac$1 &  
/udi\sly le>n$1 &  fai?fully practis$1  
by all t w\ld prove wise m5 at la/4#dbf 
#dbe ,prov4 ii4-vi2 ,psal4 xcii4 #e1 #f2
 civ4 #bd1 #be2 cxiii4 #e1 #f2 cvii4    
#h1 #ae1 #ba2 lxvi4 #c1 #d2 cxi4 #b-f2  
cxlv4 #g-aa1 #ag-ai2 ,acts ii4 #f-i2    
xxi4  #dj2 xxiv4 #b2 #a ,cor4 xiv4 #b1  
#d1 #i1 #ac1 #ad1 #ai1 #bf1 #bg2 ,rev4  
ix4 #aa2  xiv4 #af2 v4 #i2 ,psal4 xix4  
#a-c2 xciv4 #aj2 cxxxix4 #f2 ,prov4 ii4 
#a-d1  #h-aj1 #ab2 #a ,cor4 xv4 #cd2    
,prov4 xix4 #b2 ,job xxxii4 #h2 xxxviii4
 #cf4 ,yet  ,i ref] ! read] to my       
,treatise ( ,k1 :i* %[e? !  vanity (    

pret5d$ le>n+4    #dbf ,col4 ii4 #h1 #i1
 #bc2 #a ,cor4 ii4 #a1 #d-f1 #ac2 iii4  
#ai2 #b ,cor4 i4 #ab2  ,job xxviii4 #bh2
 ,prov4 i #g2 ix4 #aj2 ,john xvii4 #c2  
,gal4 iv4 #i2 ,eph4 iii4  #aj2 #a ,john 
ii4 #ac1 #ad2 ,col4 i4 #i1 #bg1 #bh2    
,eph4 vi4 #ai2 #a ,cor4 ii4 #aa2  ,col4 
iii4 #af2 ,acts xvii4 #ah1 #ai1 c4 ,eph4
 iv4 #ah1 #ai2 ,hos4 iv4 #h2 vi4  #f2   
,psal4 cxix4 #ii2 #b ,pet4 iii4 #ah2 i4 
#c1 #e1 #h2 ,col4 ii4 #c2 iii4 #aj2     
,phil4 iii4 #h2 ,eph4 iii4 #ai2 i4 #ag2 
,rom4 i4 #bj-bb2 ,eccl4 i4 #af-ah2 #a   
,cor4 viii4 #a1 #aa2 xiii4 #b1 #c1 #h1  
#i2 ,rom4 ii4 #bj2 ,james iii4 #ac1 #ad1
  #ag2 ,j]4 iv4 #bb2 #a ,cor4 viii4 #b4 
,que/4 ,,clix4 ,if we ?9k t ,scripture &
 ! law ( nature d 9  any po9t contradict
 ea* o!r1 :i* may be ! /&>d by :i*  !   
o!r mu/ be tri$8    ,answ4 #a4 ,x is    
c]ta9 t !y nev] d contradict ea* o!r4   
#b4  ,! law ( nature is ei!r t :i* is v 
cle> by natural  evid5ce1 or t :i* is   
d>k1 7z degrees ( consangu9ity unfit  = 
m>riage1#dbg ! evil ( (fici\s lies1 c47 

#c4 ,! ,scriptures  also h _! pla9 & _! 
obscur] p>ts4 #d4 ,a d>k scripture is  n
 to be exp\nd$ contr>y to a pla91       
natural v]ity4 #e4 ,a d>k &  d\btful    
po9t 9 nature is n to be exp\nd$ contr>y
 to a pla9  & c]ta9 scripture4 #f4 ,to  
suppose t !re be an app>5t              
contradiction 9 cases ( equal cle>ness  
or d\btfulness1 is a case  n to be      
suppos$2 b he t %\ld h su* a dream1 mu/ 
d z  he w\ld d if he ?\ght two texts to 
be contradictory1 t is1 he  mu/ bett]   
/udy bo? till he see 8 error2 /ill      
rememb]+ t  natural evid5ce ha? ?is     
advantage1 t x is1 #a4 ,fir/ 9 ord]2    
#b4 ,& mo/ common & receiv$ by all2 b   
sup]natural evid5ce ha?  ?is advantage1 
t x is = ! mo/ "p ! m cle> &            
satisfactory4#dbh    #dbg #a ,cor4 v4   
#a1 #b4    #dbh #a ,john i4 #a-c2 ,heb4 
ii4 #c1 #d4      ,que/4 ,,clx4 ,may we n
 look t ,god %\ld yet give u m          
revelations ( 8 w1 ?an !re are already  
made 9 ,scripture8    ,answ4 ,y mu/     
di/+ui% betwe51 #a4 ,new laws or        

cov5ants to  mank9d1 & new pr$ictions or
 in=mations ( a p>ticul> p]son4  #b4    
,betwe5 :at may possibly be1 & :at we   
may expect z c]ta9 or  probable4 ,& s ,i
 conclude1    #a4 ,t x is c]ta9 t ,god w
 make no o!r cov5ant1 te/am5t1  or      
univ]sal law1 = ! gov]nm5t ( mank9d or !
 *ur*1 z a  rule ( duty & ( judgm5t4    
,because he ha? (t told u1 t ?is        
cov5ant & law is p]fect1 & %all be 9 =ce
 z our rule till  ! end ( ! _w4#dbi     
,object4 ,s x 0 said ( ! law ( ,moses1 t
 x 0 to /& =  ev]1 yea1 ( _m c]emonies 9
 x4    ,answ4 #a4 ,x is 9 ! orig9al     
only1 = ages & ages2 or to  g5]ations & 
g5]ations1 :i* we translate = ev]1 :5 x 
signifie? b to _m g5]ations4 #b4 ,x is  
no :]e said1 ( ,moses's  law z su*1 t x 
%\ld cont9ue ei!r till ! end ( ! _w1  or
 till ! day ( judgm5t1 z x is said ( !  
gospel4 ,&1 #c4 ,x  is n said t he w add
 no m to ! =m] te/am5t1 b  contr>ily1 t 
he w make a new cov5ant ) !m1 c4 ,b "h  
9 ! gospel he p]emptorily resolve? aga9/
 all innovations &  additions4#dcj      

#b4 ,x is c]ta9 t ,god w make no new    
scripture or inspir$ ^w  z an           
infallible1 univ]sal rule = ! exposition
 ( ! ^w  already writt54 ,=1 #a4 ,?is 7 
an addition :i* he ha?  disclaim$2 &1   
#b4 ,x w\ld imply su* an insuffici5cy 9 
! gospel  to its ends 7z be+ n          
intelligible7 z is contr>y to its ass]t$
  p]fection2 &1 #c4 ,x w\ld be contr>y  
to t e/abli%$ way =  ! und]/&+ ( !      
,scripture1 :i* ,god ha? already settl$ 
&  appo9t$ = u till ! end4#dca    #c4 ,x
 is c]ta9 t ,god w give all 8 s]vants 9 
_! sev]al  measures1 ! help &           
illum9ation ( 8 ,_s1 = !  und]/&+ &     
apply+ ( ! gospel4    #d4 ,x is possible
 t ,god may make new revelations to     
p>ticul>  p]sons ab\t _! p>ticul>       
duties1 ev5ts1 or matt]s ( fact1 9      
subord9ation to ! ,scripture1 ei!r by   
inspiration1 vision1 or  app>ition1 or  
voice2 = he ha? n told u t he w nev] d  
su* a ?+4 ,z to tell !m1 :at %all befall
 !m or o!rs2 or to  say1 ,g to su* a    
place1 or1 ,dwell 9 su* a place1 or1 ,d 

su* a  ?+1 :i* is n contr>y to !        
,scripture1 nor co-ord9ate1 b  only a   
subord9ate det]m9ation ( "s undet]m9$   
case1 or !  circum/antiat+ ( an action4 
#e4 ,?\gh su* revelation & prophecy be  
possible1 !re is no  c]ta9ty ( x 9      
g5]al1 nor any probability ( x to any "o
  individual p]son1 mu* less a promise4 
,& !re=e to expect x1 or  pray = x1 is b
 a presumptu\s tempt+ ( ,god4#dcb    #f4
 ,& all sob] *ri/ians %\ld be ! m       
cautel\s ( be+  deceiv$ by _! own       
imag9ations1 because c]ta9 exp]i5ce     
telle?  u1 t mo/ 9 our age t h pret5d$  
to prophecy1 or to  inspirations1 or    
revelations1 h be5 melan*oly1           
crack$-bra9$  p]sons1 ne> to madness1 :o
 h prov$ to be delud$ 9 ! end2  & t su* 
craz$ p]sons are /ill prone to su*      
imag9ations4    #g4 ,!re=e also all sob]
 *ri/ians mu/ take he$ ( ra%  believ+ e 
prophet or pret5d$ _s1 le/ !y be l$ away
  f ! sacr$ rule1 & be=e !y are aw>e1 be
 lo/ 9 va9  expectations & conceits4    
#dbi ,gal4 i4 #g-i2 ,matt4 xxviii4 #bj2 

#b ,!ss4 i4 #aj1aa2 ,m>k xvi4 #ae1  #af4
    #dcj ,rev4 xiv4 #f2 xxii4 #ah1 #ai2 
,heb4 vii4 #bh1 #bi2 #a ,tim4 i4 #af2   
,rom4  vi4 #bb2 ,john v4 #bb1 #bd2 vi4  
#bg1 #dj1 #dg2 xii4 #ej2 ,heb4 i4 #g-i4 
#dca ,eph4 i4 #ah1 #ai4    #dcb ,micah  
ii4 #aa2 #a ,k+s xxii4 #ba1 #bb2 #a     
,john iv4 #a1 #b2 #b ,!ss4  ii4 #b4     
,que/4 ,,clxi4 ,is n a ?ird rule ( !    
,holy ,gho/1 or p]fect]  k+dom ( love1  
to be expect$1 z diff]5t f ! reign ( !  
,creator & ,r$eem]8    ,answ4 #a4 ,!    
works ad extra & ! reign ( ! ,fa!r1 ,^w1
  & ,_s are undivid$4 ,b yet "s ?+s are 
m em95tly  attribut$ to "o p]son 9 !    
,tr9ity1 & "s to ano!r4#dcc    #b4 ,by !
 law & cov5ant ( innoc5cy1 ! ,creator   
em95tly rul$  omnipot5tly4 ,& ! ,son    
rul$ em95tly sapi5tially1 initially  "u 
! cov5ant ( promise or grace f ,adam    
till 8 inc>nation  & ! desc5t ( ! ,holy 
,gho/1 & m fully & p]fectly  aft]w>d by 
! ,holy ,gho/4 ,& ! ,holy ,gho/ ev] s9ce
 do? rule  9 ! sa9ts z ! ,p>aclete1     
,advocate1 or ,ag5t ( ,*ri/1 &  ,*ri/ by

 him1 em95tly by holy love2 :i* is yet b
 initially3 b  ! same ,holy ,gho/ by    
p]fect love %all p]fectly rule 9 glory =
  ev]2 ev5 z ! ,_s ( ! ,fa!r & ! ,son4  
,we h already  ! initial k+dom ( love by
 ! ,_s1 & %all h ! p]fect  k+dom 9      
heav52 & besides ! initial & ! p]fect   
!re is no  o!r4 ,nor is ! p]fect k+dom  
to be expect$ be=e ! day (  judgm5t1 or 
our removal unto heav52 = our k+dom is n
 ( ?is  _w4 ,& !y t sell all & foll[    
,*ri/1 d make ! ex*ange  = a rew>d 9    
heav52 & !y t suff] p]secution = 8 sake1
  mu/ rejoice because _! rew>d 9 heav5  
is great3 & !y t  relieve a prophet or  
righte\s man = ! sake ( ,*ri/1 & t  lose
 any ?+ = him1 %all h inde$ a hundr$fold
 79 value7 9  ?is life1 b 9 ! _w to come
 et]nal life4 ,we %all be tak5 up  9 !  
cl\ds to meet ! ,"l 9 ! air1 & s %all we
 ev] be  ) ! ,"l3 & ^? are ! words ) :i*
 we mu/ com=t "o  ano!r1 & n ,jewi%ly ) 
! hopes ( an e>?ly k+dom4 ,&  yet we    
look = a new heav5 & a new e>? :]e9     
dwelle?  righte\sness1 accord+ to 8     

promise4 ,b :o %all be !  inhabitants1 &
 h[ t heav5 & e>? %all diff]1 & :at we  
%all !n h to d ) e>?1 :e!r to be ov]se]s
 ( t  righte\s e>? 7& s to judge or rule
 ! _w7 z ! angels are  n[ ov] u 9 ?is   
_w1 are ?+s :i* yet ,i und]/& n4#dcd    
#dcc ,john v4 #ba1 #be2 ,prov4 i4 #bj1  
#ba4    #dcd ,matt4 v4 #aa1 #ab2 ,luke  
xviii4 #bb1 #bc2 ,matt4 x4 #da1 #db2    
,luke vi4  #bc2 xvi4 #bj2 #a ,cor4 xii4 
#b1 #c2 v4 #a1 #c1 #h2 ,matt4 xviii4    
#aj2 #a ,!ss4  iv4 #ag1 #ah2 ,m>k xii4  
#be2 #b ,pet4 iii4 #aa-ac2 #a ,pet4 i4  
#d2 ,heb4 x4 #cd2  xii4 #ac2 ,col4 i4   
#e2 ,phil4 iii4 #bj1 #ba4      ,que/4   
,,clxii4 ,may we n look = miracles      
h]eaft]8    ,answ4 #a4 ,! answ] to que/4
 clx4 may s]ve to ?is4 #a4 ,god may  "w 
miracles if he please1 & ha? n told u t 
he nev]  w4#dce    #b4 ,b he ha? n      
promis$ u t he w1 & !re=e we _c  believe
 su* a promise1 nor expect !m z a c]ta9 
?+4 ,nor may  any pray = ! gift (       
miracles4    #c4 ,b if !re be any       
probability ( !m1 x w be to ^? t  are   

conv]t+ infidel nations1 :5 !y may be   
p>tly ( su* use z  !y 7 at fir/4    #d4 
,yet x is c]ta91 t ,god /ill sometimes  
worke? miracles2 b  arbitr>ily & r>ely1 
:i* may n put any individual p]son 9    
expectation ( !m4    ,object4 ,is n !   
promise ! same to u z to ! apo/les &    
primitive *ri/ians1 if we c\ld b believe
 z !y did8    ,answ4 #a4 ,! promise to  
be believ$ goe? be=e ! fai? t  believe? 
x1 & n t fai? be=e ! promise4    #b4 ,! 
promise ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 = p]petuity1  
to sanctify all  believ]s3 b ! promise (
 t special gift ( miracles1 0 = a  "t1  
because x 0 = a special use2 t is1 to be
 a /&+  seal to ! tru? ( ! gospel1 :i*  
all aft]-ages may be  conv9c$ ( 9 po9t (
 fact1 & s may /ill h ! use &  b5efit   
(4#dcf ,& ,provid5ce 7ceas+ miracles7   
?us exp\nde? !  promise4 ,& if miracles 
mu/ be common to all p]sons & ages1 !y  
w\ld be z no miracles4 ,& we h se5 ^? t 
mo/ confid5tly  believ$ !y %\ld "w !m1  
all fail4    ,b ,i h writt5 s l>gely (  
?is po9t 9 a set disputation 9 my       

,treatise call$ ,! ,unreasonabl5ess (   
,infidelity1 fully prov+  ^? fir/       
miracles satisfactory & obligatory to   
all foll[+  ages1 t ,i mu/ ?i!r n[ ref] 
! read]4    #dce ,luke xxiii4 #h4       
#dcf #a ,cor4 xii4 #bh1 #bi2 ,heb4 ii4  
#c1 #d2 ,john x4 #da4      ,que/4       
,,clxiii4 ,is ! ,scripture to be tri$ by
 ! ,_s1 or !  ,_s by ! ,scripture1 & :i*
 ( !m is to be pref]r$8    ,answ4 ,i put
 ! "q ?us confus$ly1 = ! sake ( ^? t    
use to d s1 to %[ !m h[ to get out ( _! 
own confusion4 ,y  mu/ di/+ui%1 #a4     
,betwe5 ! ,_s 9 itself consid]$1 & !    
,scripture 9 itself4 #b4 ,betwe5 !      
sev]al op]ations ( ! ,_s4  #c4 ,betwe5 !
 sev]al p]sons t h ! ,_s4 ,& s y mu/    
conclude1    #a4 ,t ! ,_s 9 itself is   
inf9itely m excell5t ?an !  ,scripture4 
,= ! ,_s is ,god1 & ! ,scripture is b ! 
"w (  ,god4    #b4 ,! op]ation ( ! ,_s 9
 ! apo/les 0 m excell5t ?an  ! op]ation 
( ! same ,_s n[ 9 u2 z produc+ m        
excell5t effects1 & m infallible4    #c4
 ,!re=e ! holy ,scriptures :i* 7 !      

infallible dictates (  ! ,_s 9 !        
apo/les1 are m p]fect ?an any ( our     
appreh5sions :i* come by ! same ,_s 7:i*
 we h n 9 s  great a measure74#dcg      
#d4 ,!re=e we mu/ n try ! ,scriptures by
 our mo/ spiritual  appreh5sions1 b our 
appreh5sions by ! ,scriptures3 t is1 we 
mu/ pref] ! ,_s's inspir+ ! apo/les to  
indite !  ,scriptures1 be=e ! ,_s's     
illum9at+ ( u to und]/& !m1  or be=e any
 pres5t inspirations1 ! =m] be+ ! m     
p]fect2  because ,*ri/ gave ! apo/les ! 
,_s to deliv] u infallibly  8 own       
comm&s1 & to indite a rule = foll[+     
ages2 b he  give? u ! ,_s b to und]/& & 
use t rule aright4#dch    #e4 ,?is try+ 
! ,_s by ! ,scriptures1 is n a sett+ ( !
  ,scripture above ! ,_s itself2 b is   
only a try+ ! ,_s by  ! ,_s3 t is1 !    
,_s's op]ations 9 ourselves & 8         
revelations to any pret5d]s n[1 by !    
,_s's op]ations 9 !  apo/les1 & by _!   
revelations record$ = our use4 ,= !y1 & 
n we1 are call$ f\ndations ( ! *ur*4#dci
    #dcg ,john iv4 #a1 #b1 #f2 ,john    

xviii4 #cg2 viii4 #dg4    #dch ,acts    
xvii4 #aa1 #ab2 ,matt4 v4 #ah2 ,rom4    
xvi4 #bf2 ,matt4 xxviii4 #bj2  ,luke x4 
#af4    #dci ,rev4 ii4 #b2 ,jude #ag2 #b
 ,pet4 iii4 #b2 ,eph4 iv4 #aa1 #ab2 #a  
,cor4 xii4  #bh1 #bi2 ,eph4 ii4 #bj4    
,que/4 ,,clxiv4 ,h[ is a pret5d$        
prophet1 or revelation1 to be  tri$8    
,answ4 #a4 ,if x be contr>y to !        
,scripture x is to be reject$ z  a      
deceit4#ddj    #b4 ,if x be ! same ?+   
:i* is 9 ! ,scripture1 we h x m  c]ta9ly
 reveal$ already2 !re=e ! revelation c  
be no?+  b an assi/ance ( ! p]son's     
fai?1 or a call to ob$i5ce1 or a  repro(
 ( "s s92 :i* e man is to believe       
accord+ z !re  is true evid5ce t inde$ x
 is a div9e revelation or vision2  :i*  
if x be n1 ! same ?+ is /ill sure to u 9
 !  ,scripture4    #c4 ,if x be some?+ t
 is only besides ! ,scripture1 7z ab\t  
ev5ts & facts1 or prophecies ( :at w    
befall p>ticul> places  or p]sons17 we  
mu/ fir/ see :e!r ! evid5ce ( a div9e   
revelation be cle> 9 x or n2 & t is     

kn[n1 #a4 ,to ! p]son  himself1 by !    
self-atte/+ & conv9c+ p[] ( a div9e     
revelation1 :i* no man kn[e? b he t ha? 
x 7& we mu/ be  v cautel\s le/ we take  
false conceptions to be su*74 #b4 ,b to 
himself & o!rs x is kn[n1 7#a47 ,at     
pres5t by cle>1 uncontroll$  miracles1  
:i* are ,god's atte/ation2 :i* if m5 %[1
 we are b\nd  79 ?is case7 to believe   
!m4 7#b47 ,= ! future1 by ! ev5t1  :5   
?+s s pla9ly come to pass1 z prove !    
pr$iction to be (  ,god4 ,he !re=e t    
give? y n by c]ta9 miracles             
uncontroll$1 a j pro( t he is s5t (     
,god1 is to be he>d )  a susp5d$ belief2
 y mu/ /ay till ! ev5t %[ :e!r he say   
true or n3 & n act any ?+ 9 ! mean "t ^u
 an unprov$  presumption ei!r ( ! tru?  
or falsehood ( 8 words4#dda    #d4 ,if y
 are 9 d\bt :e!r t :i* he speake? be    
contr>y to  ,god's ^w or n1 y mu/ he>   
him ) a proportionable suspicion1  &    
give no cr$it to him till y h tri$ :e!r 
x be s or n4    #e4 ,x is a dang]\s sn>e
 & s9 to believe any "o's prophecies or 

revelations m]ely because !y are v holy 
p]sons1 & d mo/  confid5tly av] or swe> 
x4 ,= !y may be deceiv$ !mselves4 ,z    
also to take hy/]ical or melan*oly      
delirations or conceptions =  !         
revelations ( ! ,_s ( ,god1 & s to fa!r 
falsehood ^u  ,god4    #ddj ,acts xvii4 
#aa2 #a ,cor4 xv4 #c1 #d2 ,john x4 #ce2 
xix4 #bd1 #bh1 #cf1 #cg4    #dda ,john  
iii4 #b2 xiii4 #ai2 xiv4 #bj2 ,luke xxi4
 #g1 #i1 #bh1 #ca1 #cf2  ,matt4 v4 #ah2 
xxiv4 #cd2 xxi4 #d4      ,que/4 ,,clxv4 
,may "o be sav$ :o believe? t !         
,scripture ha?  any mi/ake or error1 &  
believe? x n all8    ,answ4 ,! *ief "p (
 ! answ] to ?is mu/ be fet*$ f :at  is  
said be=e ab\t fundam5tals4 #a4 ,no man 
c be sav$ :o  believe? n t ,god is no   
li>1 & t all 8 ^w is true2  because     
inde$ he believe? n t !re is a ,god4#ddb
    #b4 ,no man c be sav$ :o believe? n 
! po9ts t are ess5tial  to true         
godl9ess2 nor any man t he>e? ! ^w1 :o  
believe?  n all ess5tial to *ri/ianity1 
or ! *ri/ian cov5ant &  religion4    #c4

 ,a man may be sav$ :o believe? n "s    
books ( ,scripture 7z  ,jude1 #b ,pet]1 
#b ,john1 #c ,john1 ,revelation7 to be  
canonical1 or !  ^w ( ,god2 s he he>tily
 believe ! re/1 or ! ess5tials4    #d4  
,he t ?9ke? t ! prophets1 sacr$         
hi/orians1 evangeli/s1  & apo/les1 7    
guid$ to an infallible deliv]y & record+
 (  all ! great1 sub/antial1 necess>y   
po9ts ( ! gospel1 b n to  an            
infallibility 9 e by-expression1 phrase1
 citation1 or  circum/ance1 do?         
disadvantage 8 own fai? z to all ! re/2 
b  yet may be sav$1 if he believe !     
sub/ance ) a s\nd &  practical          
belief4#ddc    #ddb ,rev4 vi4 #aj2 xix4 
#i1 #aa2 xxi4 #e2 xxii4 #f2 #a ,john ii4
 #h2 v4 #bj2 #b  ,cor4 i4 #ah2 #a ,cor4 
xv4 #a-c1 c4    #ddc ,m>k xvi4 #af2     
,rom4 x4 #ab1 #ac2 ,john iii4 #af1 #ah2 
#a ,john iv4 #b1 #c4      ,que/4        
,,clxvi4 ,:o be !y t give too little to 
! ,scripture1 &  :o too mu*2 & :at is ! 
dang] ( ea* extreme8    ,answ4 ,i4 ,x is
 n easy to enum]ate all ! errors on ei!r

  extreme2 b only to give "s in/ances ( 
ea*4 #a4 ,!y give too  little to !      
,scripture :o d5y x to be indit$ by     
inspiration (  ! infallible ,_s ( ,god1 
& to be :olly true4 #b4 ,& !y t  detract
 f "s p>ts or books ( x :ile !y believe 
! re/4 #c4  ,& !y t ?9k x is n giv5 z a 
law ( ,god1 & z a rule (  fai? & life4  
#d4 ,& !y t ?9k x is n a univ]sal law & 
rule = all ! _w1 b = "s p>ts only       
7suppos+ !  pr$ication ( x74 #e4 ,& !y t
 ?9k x an imp]fect law &  rule1 :i* mu/ 
be made up ) ! supplem5t ( traditions or
  revelations4 #f4 ,& !y t ?9k x 0      
adapt$ only to ! "t x  0 writt5 91 & n  
to ours1 z n =esee+ :at w\ld be4 #g4  ,&
 !y t ?9k x is culpably defective 9     
me?od4 #h4 ,& !y  t ?9k x culpably      
defective 9 phrase1 aptness1 or elegancy
 (  /yle4 #i4 ,& !y t ?9k t x conta9e? n
 all t 0  necess>y or fit = univ]sal    
det]m9ation1 ( t k9d ( ?+s  :i* x do? at
 all univ]sally det]m9e (2 z e4 g4 t x  
made  two sacram5ts1 b n all ( t k9d t  
are fit to be made1 b  ha? left m5 to   

inv5t & make m ( ! same nature & use4   
#aj4  ,& ^? t ?9k t x is fitt$ only to !
 le>n$1 or only to  ! unle>n$1 only to  
pr9ces1 or only to subjects1 c4 #aa4 ,& 
^?  t ?9k t x is b = a "t1 & !n by      
alt]ation to be  p]fect$1 z ,moses's law
 04 #ab4 ,& ^? t ?9k t ! pope1  pr9ces1 
or prelates1 or any m51 may *ange or    
alt] x4#ddd    ,,ii4 ,^? give too mu* 79
 bulk1 b too little 9 virtue7 to !      
,scripture1 #a4 ,:o w\ld set !m up      
in/ead ( ! :ole law & light  ( nature1 z
 exclud+ ?is z useless :]e ! ,scripture 
is4    #b4 ,& !y t feign x to be in/ead 
( all gramm>s1 logic1  philosophy1 & all
 o!r arts & sci5ces1 & to be a p]fect1  
p>ticul> rule = e rul]1 lawy]1          
physician1 m>9]1  ar*itect1 husb&man1 & 
tradesman1 to d 8 "w by4    #c4 ,& !y t 
feign x to be fully suffici5t to all m5 
to prove  its own au?ority & tru?1 )\t !
 subsidi>y use ( t *ur*  hi/ory &       
tradition :i* telle? u ! suppos$ matt]s 
( fact1  & mu/ help u to "k :at books   
are canonical & :at n2 &  )\t hi/orical 

evid5ce1 t ^! are ! true books :i* !    
prophets & apo/les wrote1 & ! miracles &
 provid5ces :i*  h atte/$ !m4#dde    #d4
 ,& ^? t ?9k t x is suffici5t = its own 
promulgation1 or ! p's in/ruction1 )\t !
 m9i/ry ( man  to pres]ve1 deliv]1      
translate1 exp\nd1 & prea* x to ! p4    
#e4 ,& ^? t ?9k x suffici5t to sanctify 
m51 )\t !  conc\rse ( ! ,_s's           
illum9ation1 vivification1 & inw>d      
op]ation to t end4#ddf    #f4 ,& !y t   
say t no man c be sav$ by ! k1  belief1 
love1 & practice ( all ! sub/antial p>ts
 (  *ri/ianity br\ght to him by         
tradition1 p>5ts1 or prea*]s1 :o  tell  
him no?+ ( ! ,scriptures1 b deliv] him !
 doctr9es z  atte/$ by miracles & ! ,_s 
)\t any notice ( !  book4#ddg    #g4 ,& 
^? t say t ,scripture alone mu/ be made 
use ( z to  all ! hi/ory ( ,scripture   
times1 & t x is unlawful to make  use ( 
any o!r hi/orians 7z ,josephus & su*    
o!rs74    #h4 ,& !y t say1 no o!r books 
( div9ity b ,scripture are  useful1 yea 
or lawful to be read ( *ri/ians1 or at  

lea/ 9 !  *ur*4    #i4 ,& !y t say t !  
,scriptures are s div9e1 n only 9       
matt]1 b 9 me?od & /yle1 z t !re is no?+
 ( human  7inculpable7 imp]fection or   
weakness 9 !m4    #aj4 ,& ^? t say t !  
logical me?od1 & ! phrase1 is z  p]fect 
z ,god 0 able to make !m4    #aa4 ,& !y 
t say t all passages 9 ,scripture1      
hi/orically  relat$1 are moral tru?s2 & 
s make ! devil's words to ,eve1 (  ,job1
 to ,*ri/1 c4 to be all true4    #ab4 ,&
 !y t say t all passages 9 ! ,scripture 
7 equally  obligatory to all o!r places 
& ages1 z to ^? t fir/  receiv$ !m1 7z !
 kiss ( peace1 ! veils ( wom51 wa%+     
feet1 ano9t+ ! sick1 deaconnesses1 c47  
#ac4 ,& !y t make ,scripture s p]fect a 
rule to our belief1 t  no?+ is to be    
tak5 = c]ta91 t come? to u any o!r way  
7z natural k1 or hi/orical74    #ad4 ,& 
^? t ?9k m5 may n translate !           
,scripture1 turn !  ,psalms into metre1 
tune !m1 divide ! ,scripture into *apt]s
 &  v]ses1 c4 z be+ d]ogatory alt]ations
 ( ! p]fect ^w4    #ae4 ,& ^? t ?9k x s 

p]fect a p>ticul> rule ( all !          
circum/ances1 modes1 adjuncts1 & ext]nal
 expressions ( & 9  ,god's wor%ip1 z t  
no su* may be inv5t$ or add$ by man1 t  
is n !re prescrib$2 z "t1 place1 ve/ure1
 ge/ure1 ut5sils1  me?ods1 words1 & _m  
o!r ?+s m5tion$ be=e4#ddh    #af4 ,& ^? 
t ,jewi%ly feign a multitude ( unprov$  
my/]ies to  lie 9 ! lett]s1 ord]1       
numb]s1 & prop] names 9 ,scripture      
7?\gh ,i d5y n t !re is mu* my/]y :i* we
 little  obs]ve74    #ag4 ,!y t say t ! 
,scripture is all s pla91 t !re are  no 
obscure or difficult passages 9 !m1 :i* 
m5 are 9 dang] (  wre/+ to _! own       
de/ruction4    #ah4 ,& !y t say t all 9 
! ,scripture is s necess>y to           
salvation1 7ev5 ! d>ke/ prophecies17 t  
!y _c be sav$  t und]/& !m n all2 or at 
lea/ endeav\r n /udi\sly &  p>ticul>ly  
to und]/& !m4#ddi    #ai4 ,& !y t say t 
e book & text mu/ ( necessity to        
salvation be believ$ to be canonical &  
true4    #bj4 ,& ^? t say t ,god ha? s  
pres]v$ ! ,scripture1 z  t !re are no   

v>i\s read+s & d\btful texts            
!reupon1#dej  & t no writt5 or pr9t$    
copies h be5 corrupt$ 7:5 ,dr4  ,heyl9  
tells u1 t ! k+'s pr9t] pr9t$ ! sev5?   
comm&m5t1 ,?\ %alt commit adult]y74 ,all
 ^! err 9 ov]-do+4    ,,iii4 ,! dang]s (
 ! =m] detract+ f ! ,scripture are  ^!3 
#a4 ,x injure? ! ,_s :o is ! au?or ( !  
,scriptures4  #b4 ,x /rike? at !        
f\ndation ( our fai?1 by weak5+ !       
records :i* are left u to believe2 &    
imbold5e? m5 to s91 by  dim9i%+ !       
au?ority ( ,god's law2 & weak5e? our    
hopes1 by  weak5+ ! promises4 #c4 ,x    
%ake? ! univ]sal gov]nm5t (  ,*ri/1 by  
%ak+ ! au?ority or p]fection ( ! laws by
 :i* he  gov]ne?4 #d4 ,x make? way =    
human usurpations1 & traditions1 z      
supplem5ts to ! holy ,scriptures2 &     
leave? m5 to contrive to  am5d ,god's ^w
 & wor%ip1 & make co-ord9ate laws &     
doctr9es  ( _! own4 #e4 ,x h9d]e? !     
conviction & conv]sion (  s9n]s1 &      
h>d5e? !m 9 unbelief1 by que/ion+ or    
weak5+  ! means t %\ld conv9ce & turn   

!m4 #f4 ,x is a tempt+ m5  to ! curs$   
add+ to ,god's ^w4    ,,iv4 ,! dang]s ( 
ov]-do+ "h are ^!3 #a4 ,x leade? to     
d[nright infidelity2 = :5 m5 f9d t !    
,scripture is  imp]fect or want+ 9 t :i*
 !y fancy to be "p ( its  p]fection1 &  
to be really insuffici5t1 e4 g4 to tea* 
m5 physics1  logic1 m$ic9e1 languages1  
c4 !y w he apt to say1 ,x is n (  ,god1 
because x ha? n t :i* x pret5ds to h4   
#b4 ,god is  made ! au?or ( defects &   
imp]fections4 #c4 ,! ,scripture is      
expos$ to ! scorn & confutation (       
infidels4 #d4 ,papi/s are  assi/$ 9     
prov+ its imp]fection4 ,b ,i mu/ /op1   
hav+ spoke to  ?is po9t be=e 9 que/4    
#ce1 & p>tly que/4 #cj1 #ca1 #cc1 m at  
l>ge4    #ddd ,james iv4 #ab2 ,isa4     
xxxiii4 #bb2 ,rev4 xxii4 #ah1 #ai2      
,matt4 xxviii4  #bj2 ,isa4 viii4 #af1   
#bj2 ,psal4 xix4 #g1 #h2 cxix4 #acj2    
,prov4 xiv4 #bj1 #bb2  viii4 #e2 ,deut4 
xii4 #cb4    #dde #a ,john i4 #a-c2 #c  
,john #ab2 ,heb4 ii4 #c1 #d2 ,john ii4  
#bd2 ,eph4 iv4  #h-af4    #ddf ,john vi4

 #fc2 ,rom4 viii4 #i2 #a ,john iii4 #bd2
 ,john iii4 #e1 #f4    #ddg ,_m ,romi%  
prie/s & o!rs d s4    #ddh #a ,cor4 xiv4
 #bf1 #cb1 #dj4    #ddi ,heb4 v4 #aj-ab4
    #dej ,( :i* see ,lud4 ,capellus     
,crit4 ,sacr4      ,que/4 ,,clxvii4 ,h[ 
f> d good m5 n[ prea* & pray by !  ,_s8 
,answ4 #a4 ,n by su* inspiration ( new  
matt] f ,god z !  prophets & apo/les _h 
:i* indit$ ! ,scriptures4    #b4 ,n s z 
to exclude ! ex]cise ( reason1 memory1  
or dilig5ce3  :i* mu/ be z mu* & m ?an  
ab\t any common ?+s4    #c4 ,n s z to   
exclude ! use & ne$ ( ,scripture1       
m9i/ry1  s]mons1 books1 conf]5ce1       
examples1 use1 or o!r means & helps4    
,b1 #a4 ,! ,_s indit$ t doctr9e &       
,scripture :i* is our  rule = pray] & = 
prea*+4    #b4 ,! ,_s's miracles & works
 9 & by ! apo/les seal t  doctr9e to u1 
& confirm our fai? 9 x4#dea    #c4 ,!   
,_s 9 our fai?ful pa/ors & tea*]s tea*e?
 u by !m  to pray & prea*4#deb    #d4 ,!
 ,_s by illum9ation1 quick5+1 &         
sanctification1 give?  u an habitual    

acqua9tance ) our s9s1 our wants1 ) ! ^w
 (  precept & promise1 ) ,god1 ) ,*ri/1 
) grace1 ) heav54  ,& x give? u a habit 
( holy love to ,god1 & goodness &       
?ankfulness = m]cy & fai? 9 ,*ri/1 & !  
life to come1 &  desires ( p]fection1 & 
hatr$ ( s92 & he t ha? all ^!1  ha? a   
con/ant habit ( pray] 9 him2 = pray] is 
no?+ b !  expression ) ! tongue ( ^!    
graces 9 ! he>t2 s t !  ,_s (           
sanctification is !reby a ,_s ( adoption
 & (  supplication4 ,& he t ha? fre$om (
 utt]ance c speak t  :i* ,god's ,_s ha? 
put into 8 v he>t1 & made him e/eem  8  
greate/ & ne>e/ conc]nm5t1 & ! mo/      
necess>y &  excell5t ?+ 9 all ! _w4 ,?is
 is ! ,_s's pr9cipal  help4#dec    #e4  
,! same ,_s do? incl9e our he>ts to !   
dilig5t use ( all  ^? means1 by :i* 8   
abilities may be increas$2 z to read1 & 
he>1 & conf]1 & to use ourselves to     
pray]1 & to m$itation1  self-exam9ation1
 c4    #f4 ,! same ,_s helpe? u 9 ! use 
( all ^! means1 to pr(it  by !m1 & to   
make !m all effectual on our he>ts4     

#g4 ,! same ,_s concurre? ) means1      
habits1 reason1 & our own  endeav\rs1 to
 help u 9 ! v act ( pray+ & prea*+4 #a4 
,by illum9at+ our m9ds to "k :at to     
desire & say4 #b4 ,by  actuat+ our wills
 to love1 & holy desire1 & o!r          
affections4 #c4  ,by quick5+ & excit+ u 
to a livel9ess & f]v5cy 9 all4 ,&  s    
br++ our =m] habits into acts1 ! grace (
 pray] is !  he>t & s\l ( gifts2 & ?us !
 ,_s tea*e? u to pray4#ded    ,yea1 !   
same ,_s ?us by common helps assi/e? ev5
 bad m5 9  pray+ & prea*+1 giv+ !m      
common habits & acts t are  %ort (      
special sav+ grace4 ,:]eas m5 left to   
!mselves )\t  ,god's ,_s1 h none ( all  
^! =em5tion$ helps4 ,& s !  ,_s is said 
to int]c$e = u by excit+ our            
unexpressible  groans2 & to help our    
infirmities :5 we "k n :at to ask z we  
ought4#dee    #dea ,heb4 ii4 #c1 #d2 #a 
,pet4 i4 #b1 #bb4    #deb #b ,!ss4 i4   
#ac4    #dec ,john iii4 #e1 #f2 ,rom4   
viii4 #h1 #i1 #ae1 #af1 #bf1 #bg2 #b    
,tim4 i4 #g2  ,neh4 ix4 #bj2 ,isa4 xi4  

#b2 ,ezek4 xxxvi4 #bf2 xxxvii4 #ad2     
,gal4 iv4 #f2  ,ze*4 xii4 #aj2 ,ezek4   
xviii4 #ca2 xi4 #ai4    #ded ,rom4 vii4 
#f2 ,john iv4 #bc1 #bd2 vii4 #ch1 #ci2  
#a ,cor4 ii4 #aj1 #aa2  vi4 #aa1 #ag2 #b
 ,cor4 iv4 #ac2 ,gal4 v4 #e1 #af-ah1    
#be2 ,eph4 iii4 #af2 v4 #i1  #ah2 vi4   
#ah2 #a ,!ss4 v4 #ai4    #dee ,rom4     
viii4 #bf4      ,que/4 ,,clxviii4 ,are n
 our own reasons1 /udies1 memory1       
/riv+s1  books1 =ms1 me?ods1 & m9i/ry1  
ne$less1 yea1 a hurtful  qu5*+ or       
prev5t+ ( ! ,_s1 & sett+ up our own1    
in/ead  ( ! ,_s's op]ation8    ,answ4   
#a4 ,yes2 if we d x 9 a conceit ( !     
suffici5cy (  ourselves1#def our reason1
 memory1 /udies1 books1 =ms1 c4 )\t  !  
,_s2 or if we ascribe any ?+ to any ( ^!
 :i* is prop]  to ,*ri/ or to 8 ,_s4 ,= 
su* pr\d1 self-suffici5t despis]s  ( !  
,_s1 _c reasonably expect 8 help4 ,i    
d\bt among m5  c\nt$ le>n$ & rational   
!re are too _m su*1#deg t "k  n man's   
insuffici5cy or corruption1 nor !       
necessity & use (  t ,holy ,gho/ into ^:

 "n !y 7 baptiz$1 & 9 :om !y  take on !m
 to believe4 ,b ?9k t all t pret5d to ! 
,_s  are b fanatics & en?usia/s1 &      
self-conceit$ p2 :5 yet  ! ,_s himself  
sai?1 ,rom4 viii4 #i1 ,if any man h n ! 
,_s ( ,*ri/1 ! same is none ( 84 ,&     
,gal4 iv4 #f1 ,because  we are sons1    
,god ha? s5t =? ! ,_s ( 8 ,son into our 
he>ts1 :]eby we cry1 ,abba1 ,fa!r4      
#b4 ,b if we give to reason1 memory1    
/udy1 books1 me?ods1 =ms1 c4  b _! prop]
 place 9 subord9ation to ,*ri/ & to 8   
,_s1  !y are s f> f be+ qu5*]s ( ! ,_s1 
t !y are  necess>y 9 _! places1 & su*   
means z we mu/ use1 if ev] we  w expect 
! ,_s's help4 ,= ! ,_s is n giv5 to a   
brute  to make him a man1 or rational2  
nor to a pr\d despis]1 or idle  neglect]
 ( ,god's appo9t$ means1 to be in/ead ( 
means2 nor to be  a patron to ! vice (  
pride or idl5ess1 :i* he come? *iefly to
  de/roy2 b to bless m5 9 _! labori\s   
use ( ! means :i*  ,god appo9t$ him3    
read b ,prov4 i4 #bj1 c4 ii4 iii4 v4 vi4
 viii41  & y w see t k mu/ be lab\r$ =1 

& in/ruction  he>d2 & he t w lie idle   
till ! ,_s move him1 & w  n /ir up      
himself to seek ,god1 or /rive to ent] 9
 at ! /rait  gate1 nor give all dilig5ce
 to make 8 call+ & election  sure1#deh  
may f9d t ! ,_s ( slo? ha? de/roy$ him1 
:5  he ?\ght ! ,_s ( ,*ri/ _h be5 sav+  
him4 ,he t ha? b  two articles 9 8 cre$1
 mu/ make ?is ! second3 ,= he t  come?  
to ,god mu/ believe t ,god is1 & t he is
 ! rew>d] (  !m t dilig5tly seek him1   
,heb4 xi4 #f4    #def ,john xv4 #a1     
#c-e1 #g4    #deg ,ev5 among !m t 9 _!  
ord9ation he>d ,receive ye !  ,holy     
,gho/1 & ,ov] :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ ha? made
 y ov]se]s4    #deh ,isa4 lxxxiv4 #g2   
,matt4 vii4 #ac1 #ad2 #b ,pet4 i4 #aj4  
,que/4 ,,clxix4 ,h[ do? ! ,holy ,gho/   
set bi%ops ov] ! *ur*es8    ,answ4 #a4  
,by mak+ ! (fice itself1 s f> z !       
apo/les _h any  h& 9 x1 ,*ri/ himself   
hav+ made _! (fice4#dei    #b4 ,! ,holy 
,gho/ 9 ! electors & orda9]s directe? !m
 to  disc]n ! fitness ( ! p]sons elect$ 
& orda9$1 & s to  call su* z ,god       

approve? (1 & calle? by ! ,holy ,gho/ 9 
!m4  ,:i* 0 done1 #a4 ,by ! extraord9>y 
gift ( disc]n+ 9 !  apo/les4 #b4 ,by !  
ord9>y help ( ,god's ,_s 9 ! wise &     
fai?ful electors & orda9]s ev] s9ce4#dfj
    #c4 ,! ,holy ,gho/ do? qualify !m = 
! "w1 by due life1 light1  & love1 k1   
will+ness1 & active ability1 & s bo?    
incl9+ !m to x1 & m>k+ out ! p]sons by 8
 gifts1 :om  he w\ld h elect$ & orda9$  
to x3 :i* 0 done1 #a4 ,at fir/  by      
extraord9>y gifts4 #b4 ,& ev] s9ce by   
ord9>y4 7#a47 ,special  & sav+ 9 "s4    
7#b47 ,common1 & only fitt$ to ! *ur*'s 
in/ruction1 9 o!rs4 ,s t :oev] is n     
compet5tly qualifi$1  is n call$ by !   
,holy ,gho/3 :5 ,*ri/ asc5d$1 he gave   
gifts  to m51 "s apo/les1 prophets1 &   
evangeli/s1 "s pa/ors &  tea*]s1 = !    
edify+ ( 8 body1 c4 ,eph4 iv4 #g-aj4dfa 
#dei ,acts xx4 #bh4    #dfj ,acts i4    
#bd2 xiii4 #b2 xv4 #bh1 c42 xiv4 #bc4   
#dfa #a ,cor4 xii4 #ab1 #bc1 #bh1 #bi4  
,que/4 ,,clxx4 ,are temples1 fonts1     
ut5sils1 *ur* l&s1 mu* m  ! m9i/]s1     

holy8 ,& :at rev]5ce is due to !m z     
holy8    ,answ4 ,! "q is ei!r de nom9e1 
:e!r x be fit to call  !m holy2 or de   
re1 :e!r !y h t :i* is call$  hol9ess4  
,i4 ,! ^w holy signifie? 9 ,god1        
ess5tial1 transc5d5t  p]fection2 & s x  
come? n into our "q4 ,9 creatures x     
signifie?1 #a4 ,a div9e nature 9 !      
rational creature1 7angels &  m517 by   
:i* x is made l ,god1 & dispos$ to him &
 8  s]vice1 by k1 love1 & holy vivacity2
 :i* is commonly  call$ real sav+       
hol9ess z di/9ct f m]e relative4 #b4 ,x 
is  tak5 = ! relation ( any ?+ to ,god z
 8 own peculi>  appropriat$ to him3 s   
inf9ite is ! di/ance betwe5 ,god & u1  t
 :atev] is 8 9 a special s5se1 or       
sep>at$ to 8 use1 is  call$ holy2 & t   
is1 #a4 ,p]sons4 #b4 ,?+s4 #a4 ,p]sons  
are  ei!r1 7#a47 ,9 g5]al devot$ to 8   
love & s]vice4 7#b47 ,or  specially     
devot$ to him 9 "s special (fice2 :i*   
is1 7#a47  ,ecclesia/ical4 7#b47        
,economical4 7#c47 ,political4 ,^?      
devot$ to ?is  g5]al s]vice are1 7#a47  

,ei!r he>tily & s9c]ely s devot$1  7:o  
are ev] sanctifi$ 9 ! fir/ real s5se    
also74 7#b47 ,or only  by ^w or outw>d  
pr(ession4 #b4 ,?+s devot$ to ,god are1 
#a4 ,"s  by 8 own imm$iate *oice1       
designation1 & comm&4 #b4 ,or by  g5]al 
directions to man to d x4 ,& ^! are1 #a4
 ,"s ?+s m  ne>ly4 #b4 ,"s ?+s m        
remotely sep>at$ to him4 ,none ( ^!  mu/
 be conf\nd$2 & s we mu/ conclude1      
#a4 ,all t %all be sav$ are really holy 
by a div9e incl9ation &  nature1 &      
actual ex]cise !re(2 & relatively holy 9
 a special  s5se1 z ?us devot$ & sep>at$
 to ,god4    #b4 ,all ! baptiz$ &       
pr(essors 7n apo/ate7 are relatively    
holy1 z v]bally devot$ & sep>at$ to     
,god4    #c4 ,all t are orda9$ to !     
sacr$ m9i/ry are relatively holy1  z    
devot$ & sep>at$ to t (fice4 ,& ! well  
qualifi$ are  also really holy1 z _!    
qualifications are ei!r special or      
common4    #d4 ,all t are duly call$ (  
,god to ! place ( k+s1 & judges1  &     
rul]s ( families1 are relatively sacr$1 

z _! (fices &  !y are ( ,god & = him1 & 
devot$ to him4    #e4 ,temples & o!r    
ut5sils design$ by ,god himself1 are    
holy1 z  relat$ to him by t designation4
    #f4 ,temples1 ut5sils1 l&s1 c4      
devot$ & lawfully sep>at$ by man1  =    
holy uses1 are holy1 z ju/ly relat$ to  
,god by t lawful  sep>ation4 ,to say z  
"s d1 t ,!y are inde$ consecrat$  &     
sep>at$1 b n holy1 is to be ridicul\sly 
wise by  self-contradiction1 & ! ma/]ly 
use ( ! ^w holy1 contr>y  to cu/om &    
!mselves4    #g4 ,m9i/]s are m holy ?an 
temples1 l&s1 or ut5sils1 z be+  ne>li] 
relat$ to holy ?+s4 ,& ?+s sep>at$ by   
,god himself  are m holy ?an ^? ju/ly   
sep>at$ by man4 ,& s ( days4    #h4 ,?+s
 remotely devot$ to ,god1 are holy 9 _! 
di/ant place &  measure2 z ! meat1 dr9k1
 h\se1 l&s1 lab\rs ( e godly man1  :o ) 
himself devote? all to ,god2 b ?is be+ m
 di/ant1 is  yet a remot] degree (      
hol9ess4#dfb    ,sid5ote3 ,uncov]$ 9    
*ur* & rev]5t ge/ures4    ,,ii4 ,e ?+   
%\ld be rev]5c$ accord+ to ! measure (  

its  hol9ess2 & ?is express$ by su*     
signs1 ge/ures1 actions1 z are  fitte/  
to hon\r ,god1 to :om !y are relat$2 & s
 to be  uncov]$ 9 *ur*1 & use rev]5t    
c>riage & ge/ures !re1  do? t5d to      
pres]ve due rev]5ce to ,god & to 8      
wor%ip1 #a ,cor4  xvi4 #bj4    #dfb ,m>k
 vi4 #bj2 ,col4 i4 #bb2 ,tit4 i4 #h2 #a 
,pet4 i4 #ae1 #af2 iii4 #e2 #b  ,pet4   
iii4 #aa2 ,exod4 xxii4 #ca2 #a ,cor4 i4 
#a-c2 vi4 #i-aa2 ,heb4 xii4 #ad2  ,tit4 
iii4 #c1 #e1 #f2 ii4 #ac1 #ad2 #a ,pet4 
ii4 #e1 #i2 ,exod4 xix4 #f2 ,rom4 i4    
#a1 #b2 #a ,cor4 iii4 #ag2 vii4 #ad2    
,ze*4 ii4 #ab2 ,hag4 ii4 #ab2 ,luke i4  
#ga1  #gb2 ,ezra viii4 #bh2 ix4 #b2     
,numb4 xxxi4 #f2 vi4 #h1 #bj2 ,lev4 xvi4
 #d1 #cc2  ,exod4 xxix4 #f1 #cc2 ,psal4 
lxxxix4 #bj2 ,numb4 xxxv4 #be2 #b ,tim4 
iii4 #ae2  ,isa4 lviii4 #ac2 ,psal4     
xlii4 #d2 #b ,pet4 i4 #ah1 #ba2 ,psal4  
lxxxvii4 #a2  ,numb4 v4 #ag2 ,exod4 iii4
 #e2 #a ,sam4 xxi4 #e2 ,neh4 viii4      
#i-aa4      ,que/4 ,,clxxi4 ,:at is     
sacrilege1 & :at n8    ,answ4 ,i4       

,sacrilege is robb+ ,god by ! unju/     
ali5ation ( holy  ?+s4 ,& x is measur$  
accord+ z ?+s are div]sifi$ 9  hol9ess2 
z1    #a4 ,! greate/ sacrilege is a     
pr(ane1 unholy ali5at+ a p]son to  !    
fle% & ! _w1 f ,god1 & 8 love1 & 8      
s]vice1 :o  by baptism 0 devot$ to him4 
,& s all wick$ *ri/ians are  grossly    
sacrilegi\s4    #b4 ,! next is ali5at+  
consecrat$ p]sons f ! sacr$ "w &  (fice1
 by depos+ k+s1 or by unju/ sil5c+ or   
susp5d+ true  m9i/]s1 or _! ca/+ (f     
,god's "w !mselves4 ,?is is f>  great]  
sacrilege ?an ali5at+ l&s or ut5sils4   
#c4 ,! next is ! unju/ ali5at+ (        
temples1 ut5sils1 l&s1  days1 :i* 7     
sep>at$ by ,god himself4#dfc    #d4 ,&  
next su* z 7 ju/ly consecrat$ by man2 z 
is a=esaid 9  ! degrees ( hol9ess4      
,,ii4 ,x is n sacrilege1 #a4 ,to cease f
 ! m9i/ry or o!r holy  s]vice1 :5       
sickness1 disability ( body1 or viol5ce1
 utt]ly  disable u4    #b4 ,nor to      
ali5ate temples1 l&s1 goods1 or ut5sils1
 :5 ,provid5ce  make? x ne$ful to !     

*ur*'s good3 s ! fire 9 ,london ha?     
caus$ a dim9ution ( ! numb] ( *ur*es3 s 
"s bi%ops (  old1 sold ! *ur* plate to  
relieve ! poor3 & "s pr9ces h  sold "s  
*ur* l&s to save ! *ur* & /ate 9 !      
necessities  ( a lawful w>4#dfd    #c4  
,x is n sacrilege to ali5ate t :i* man  
devot$1 b ,god  accept$ n1 nor own$ z   
appropriate to him 7:i* 8 prohibition  (
 su* a d$ication is a pro( (74 ,z if a  
man devote 8 wife to  *a/ity1 or 8 son  
to ! m9i/ry1 aga9/ _! wills3 or if a man
  v[ himself to ! m9i/ry t is unable &  
ha? no call3 or if s  mu* l&s or goods  
be consecrat$1 z is sup]flu\s1 useless1 
&  injuri\s to ! common welf>e & ! /ate4
 ,ali5ation 9 ^!  cases is no s94       
#dfc ,rom4 ii4 #bb2 #b ,pet4 ii4 #bj-bb2
 ,heb4 vi4 #f1 #g2 x4 #bf-bi2 #a ,!ss4  
ii4 #ae1 #af2 ,lev4 xix4 #h2 ,heb4 xii4 
#af2 ,acts v4 #e1 c42 ,ezek4 xxii4 #bf2 
xlii4 #bj2 xliv4 #bc4    #dfd ,matt4    
xii4 #e4      ,que/4 ,,clxxii4 ,are all 
religi\s & private meet+s1 =bidd5 by    
rul]s1 unlawful conv5ticles8 ,or are any

 su* necess>y8    ,answ4 ,?\gh bo? su*  
meet+s & our prisons tell u h[ greatly  
we n[ diff] ab\t ?is po9t1 9 !          
application ( x to p]sons  & our pres5t 
case1 yet ,i "k no diff]5ce 9 ! doctr9al
  resolution ( x among mo/ sob] *ri/ians
 at all 7:i* makes our  case /range74   
,= aught ,i "k1 we are agre$1    ,i4 #a4
 ,t x is m to ! hon\r ( ! *ur*1 & (     
religion1  & ( ,god1 & m to our safety &
 edification1 to h ,god's  wor%ip p]=m$ 
solemnly1 publicly1 & 9 great           
assemblies1 ?an 9  a corn]1 secretly1 & 
) few4#dfe    #b4 ,t x is a great m]cy  
!re=e :]e ! rul]s all[ !  *ur* su*      
public wor%ip4    #c4 ,t1 ct]is p>ibus1 
all *ri/ians %\ld pref] su* public      
wor%ip be=e private2 & no private meet+s
 %\ld be kept up1  :i* are opposite or  
prejudicial to su* public meet+s4    #d4
 ,& !re=e if su* meet+s 7or any t are   
unnecess>y to !  ends ( ! m9i/ry1 !     
s]vice ( ,god & good ( s\ls7 be  =bidd5 
by lawful rul]s1 !y mu/ be =borne4      
,,ii4 ,b we are also agre$1 #a4 ,t x is 

n ! place b !  pres5ce ( ! true pa/ors &
 p t make ! *ur*4#dff    #b4 ,t ,god may
 be acceptably wor%ipp$ 9 all places :5 
x is our  duty4    #c4 ,t ! anci5t      
*ur*es & *ri/ians 9 times ( p]secutions1
  ord9>ily met 9 secret aga9/ ! rul]'s  
w1 & _! meet+s  7 call$ conv5ticles 7&  
sl&]$1 :i* occasion$ ,pl9y's            
exam9ation1 & ! "r he did !m74    #d4 ,t
 no m9i/] mu/ =sake & give ov] 8 "w :ile
 !re is  ne$1 & he c d x4#dfg    #e4 ,t 
:]e !re are _m ?\s&s ( ignorant &       
ungodly  p]sons1 & ! public m9i/]s1 ei!r
 ?r\gh _! paucity1  7proportion$ to !   
p17 or _! disability1 unwill+ness1 or   
neglig5ce1 or all1 are insuffici5t = all
 t public & private  m9i/]ial "w1 :i*   
,god ha? appo9t$ = ! in/ruction1        
p]suasion1 & salvation ( su* necessit\s 
s\ls1 !re is ne$ (  m m9i/]ial help4#dfh
    #f4 ,t 9 cases ( real 7n c\nt]feit7 
necessity1 !y t are  h9d]$ f ex]cis+ _! 
m9i/]ial (fice publicly1 %\ld d  x      
privately1 if !y h true ord9ation1 & !  
call ( !  p's necessity1 desire1 & (    

opportunity2 s be x !y d x 9  t         
peaceable1 ord]ly1 & quiet mann]1 z may 
truly promote !  int]e/ ( religion1 &   
detract n f ! lawful public m9i/ry  &   
"w4    #g4 ,t !y t are =bidd5 to wor%ip 
,god publicly1 unless !y  w commit "s   
c]ta9 s91 are s prohibit$ z t !y ought n
  to d x on su* t]ms4#dfi    #h4 ,t !   
private meet+s :i* are held on ^!       
=em5tion$  t]ms1 9 su* cases (          
necessity1 are n to be =sak51 ?\gh      
prohibit$2 ?\gh /ill ! hon\r ( !        
magi/rate is to be  pres]v$1 & ob$i5ce  
giv5 him 9 all lawful ?+s4 ,& su*       
meet+s are n s9ful nor di%on\rable 7to !
 assemblies72 = z  ,t]tullian 7& ,dr4   
,heyl9 aft] him7 sai?1 ,cum pii1 cum    
boni  coeunt1 non factio dic5da e/1 s$  
curia3 ,:5 pi\s & good p  meet1         
7especially z a=esaid17 x is n to be    
call$ a faction1 b  a c\rt4 ,?us f> ,i  
?9k we all agree4    ,& t ! *ur* (      
,engl& is really ( ?is m9d is c]ta92 #a4
  ,9 t !y did congregate 9 private      
!mselves1 9 ! "t (  ,cromwell's         

usurpation1 t[>ds ! end :5 he began to  
re/ra9 !  use ( ! ,common-pray]4 #b4 ,9 
t !y wrote = x3 see ,dr4 ,hide  ,( !    
,*ur*1 9 ! beg9n+4 #c4 ,because bo? 9 ! 
reign (  =m] pr9ces1 s9ce ! re=mation1 &
 to ?is day1 _m labori\s  con=m+ m9i/]s 
h /ill us$ to repeat _! s]mons 9 _!     
h\ses1 :]e _m ( ! p came to he> !m4 #d4 
,because !  liturgy all[e? private      
baptism1 & re/ra9e? n any numb] f  be+  
pres5t1 nor ! m9i/] f in/ruct+ !m 9 !   
use (  baptism 7:i* is ! sum (          
*ri/ianity74 #e4 ,because ! liturgy     
comm&e? ! visitation ( ! sick1 & all[e? 
! m9i/] !re  to pray & in/ruct ! p]son  
accord+ to 8 own ability1 ab\t          
rep5tance1 fai? 9 ,*ri/1 & prep>ation = 
dea? & ! life to  come1 & =bidde? n !   
fri5ds & neighb\rs ( ! sick to be       
pres5t4 #f4 ,because ! liturgy & canons 
all[ private communion  ) ! sick1 lame1 
or ag$ t _c come to ! assembly2 :]e  !  
nature ( t holy "w is to be op5$1 & !   
eu*>i/ical  "w to be p]=m$2 & "s mu/ be 
pres5t1 & ! numb] n  limit$4 #g4 ,& z ^!

 are express te/imonies1 t all private  
meet+s are n disall[$ by ! *ur* (       
,engl&1 s !re are  o!r in/ances ( su*   
natural necessity z !y are n to be      
suppos$ to be aga9/4 ,z1 7#a47 ,= a     
capta9 to pray1 & read  ,scripture or   
good books1 & s+ psalms ) 8 soldi]s1 & )
  m>9]s at sea1 :5 !y h no m9i/]4 7#b47 
,!re are _m  ?\s&s & hundr$ ?\s&s 9     
,engl&1 t "s live s f> f  ! *ur*1 & "s  
are s weak t !y c seldom g1 & "s  *ur*es
 h n room = a qu>t] ( ! p>i%2 & none ( !
  ?\s&s n[ meant c read1 & s nei!r c    
help !mselves1 nor  h a m9i/] t w d x2 &
 ?\s&s t :5 !y h  he>d a s]mon _c       
rememb] x1 b lose x pres5tly4 ,if ^!  t 
_c read or rememb]1 nor tea* _! own     
families1 nor g to  *ur*1 d take _!     
families1 _m ( !m1 to "s "o neighb\r's  
h\se :]e ! s]mon is repeat$1 or ! ,bible
 or liturgy read1  me?9ks ! *ur* %\ld n 
be aga9/ x4    ,b x mu/ be /ill         
rememb]$1 t1 #a4 ,rul]s t are infidels1 
papi/s1 h]etics1 or p]secutors1 t re/ra9
 *ur* meet+s to  ! injury ( m5's s\ls1  

mu/ be di/+ui%$ f pi\s pr9ces  t only   
re/ra9 h]etics & real s*ismatics = !    
*ur*'s  good4 #b4 ,& t times ( h]esy &  
s*ism may make private meet+s  m dang]\s
 ?an quiet times4 ,& s ev5 ! ,scotti%   
*ur*  =bad private meet+ 9 ! sep>ati/s' 
days ( late4 ,& :5 !y  d m hurt ?an     
good1 & are ju/ly =bidd51 no d\bt1 9 t  
case1 x is a duty to obey & to =be> !m1 
z is a=esaid4    #dfe ,psal4 i4 #b1 #d1 
#e2 xxii4 #be2 xxxv4 #ah2 xl4 #b1 #aj2  
,acts xxviii4  #cj1 #ca2 ,heb4 x4 #bj2  
,acts xx4 #g2 i4 #ae2 ii4 #dd2 #a ,cor4 
xliv4 #bc4    #dff #a ,cor4 xvi4 #ab2   
,rom4 xvi4 #e2 ,acts xii4 #ab2 ,col4 iv4
 #ae4    #dfg ,matt4 xviii4 #bj2 #a     
,cor4 ix4 #af2 #a ,!ss4 ii4 #ae1 #af2   
,acts iv4  #ai4 ,see ,dr4 ,hammond 9    
loc4    #dfh #a ,tim4 ii4 #h2 ,acts     
viii4 #d2 #a ,john iii4 #ag2 #b ,tim4   
iv4 #a-c2 ,heb4  x4 #be4    #dfi ,see   
mu* ( ?is case h&l$ be=e1 que/4 #aji1   
#aac4      ,que/4 ,,clxxiii4 ,:at       
p>ticul> directions = ord] ( /udies1 &  
books1 %\ld be obs]v$ by "y /ud5ts8     

,because disord] is s great a           
disadvantage to "y /ud5ts1 &  because _m
 h importun$ me to "n !m "s few ( ! be/ 
books1 because !y h no "t to read1 nor  
money to buy _m1 ,i  %all "h answ] ^!   
two dem&s4    #a4 ,! ord] ( _! /udies is
 su* z respecte? _! :ole lives1  or su* 
z respecte? e day4 ,x is ! fir/ :i* ,i  
n[ int5d4    ,direct4 ,i4 ,! k ( s mu* (
 !ology z is necess>y to  y\r own duty &
 salvation1 is ! fir/ ?+ :i* y are to   
le>n  7:5 y h le>nt to speak74 ,*ildr5 h
 s\ls to save2 &  _! reason is giv5 !m  
to use = _! ,creator's s]vice &  _!     
salvation4 #a4 ,!y c nev] beg9 to le>n t
 too soon :i*  !y 7 made & r$eem$ to    
le>n1 & :i* _! :ole lives mu/  be       
employ$ 9 practis+4 #b4 ,& t :i*        
absolute necessity  require?1 & )\t :i* 
!re is no salvation4 #c4 ,& t :i*  mu/  
tell a man ! only ultimate end :i* he   
mu/ int5d1 9 all !  moral actions ( 8   
life4 ,= ! "r int5tion ( our end is     
antec$5t to all "r use ( means2 & till  
?is be done1 a man  ha? n well begun to 

live1 nor to use 8 reason2 nor ha? he   
any  o!r "w = 8 reason1 till ?is be fir/
 done4 ,he live? b 9 a  cont9ual s91 t  
do? n make ,god & ! public good1 & 8    
salvation1 8 end4 ,!re=e !y t w\ld n h  
*ildr5 beg9  ) div9ity1 w\ld h !m s]ve !
 devil & ! fle%4 ,god mu/  be our fir/ &
 la/1 & all4    ,n t any exact or full  
body or me?od ( div9ity is to be le>nt  
s e>ly4 ,b1 #a4 ,! baptismal cov5ant mu/
 be well op5$ betimes1  & frequ5tly urg$
 ^u _! he>ts4 #b4 ,!re=e ! cre$1 !      
,"l's pray]1 & decalogue1 mu/ be op5$ to
 su* betimes2 t is1  !y mu/ be wisely   
cate*is$4 #c4 ,!y mu/ be taught !       
,scripture  hi/ory1 especially ,g5esis &
 ! gospel ( ,*ri/4 #d4 ,!y mu/1  ) ! o!r
 scriptures1 read ! mo/ pla9 & suitable 
books (  practical div9es 7aft] nam$74  
#e4 ,!y mu/ be kept 9 ! company  (      
suitable1 wise1 & exempl>y *ri/ians1 ^: 
:ole conv]sation  w help !m to ! s5se & 
love ( hol9ess2 & mu/ be kept  /rictly f
 p]v]t+1 wick$ company4 #f4 ,!y mu/ be  
frequ5tly1  lov+ly1 famili>ly1 yet      

s]i\sly1 treat$ ) ab\t ! /ate (  _! own 
s\ls1 & made to "k _! ne$ ( ,*ri/ & ( 8 
,holy  ,_s1 ( ju/ification & r5ovation4 
#g4 ,!y mu/ be tra9$ up 9  ! practice ( 
godl9ess1 9 pray]1 pi\s spee*es1 &      
ob$i5ce to  ,god & man4 #h4 ,!y mu/ be  
kept "u ! mo/ p[]ful &  pr(itable m9i/]s
 ( ,*ri/ t c be _h4 #i4 ,!y mu/ be mu*  
urg$ to ! /udy ( _! own he>ts2 to "k    
!mselves2 :at x is  to be a man1 to h   
reason1 free-w1 & an immortal s\l3 :at x
  is to be a *ild ( laps$ ,adam1 & an   
unreg5]ate1 unp>don$  s9n]3 :at x is to 
be a r$eem$1 & a sanctifi$1 ju/ifi$     
p]son1 & an adopt$ heir ( life et]nal4  
,& by close exam9ation  to "k :i* ( ^!  
conditions is _! own2 to "k :at is _!   
daily duty2 & :at _! dang]1 & :at _!    
temptations &  imp$im5ts1 & h[ to       
escape4    ,= if once ! s\l be truly    
sanctifi$1 !n1 #a4 ,_! salvation is  mu*
 secur$1 & ! ma9 "w ( _! lives is       
happily begun1 &  !y are ready to die   
safely :5ev] ,god %all call !m h5ce4 #b4
 ,x  w possess !m ) a "r end1 9 all !   

/udies & lab\rs (  _! lives2 :i* is an  
unspeakable advantage1 bo? = _!  pleas+ 
( ,god & pr(it+ ( !mselves & o!rs2 )\t  
:i*  !y w b pr(ane ,god's "n & ^w1 &    
turn ! m9i/ry into  a worldly1 fle%ly   
life1 & /udy & prea* = ri*es1 pref]m5t1 
or applause1 & live z he1 ,luke xii4    
#ah1 #ai1 ,s\l1 take ?y ease1  eat1     
dr9k1 & be m]ry2 & !y w make !ology !   
way to  hell1 & /udy & prea* _! own     
condemnation4 #c4 ,a holy he>t  w be    
always "u ! greate/ motives2 & !re=e w  
be  con/antly & p[]fully impell$ 7z well
 9 secret z be=e  o!rs7 to dilig5ce 9   
/udies & all good endeav\rs4 #d4 ,& x  w
 make all sweet & easy to !m1 z be+ a   
noble "w1 &  reli%+ ( ,god's love1 & !  
endless glory to :i* x t5de?4 ,a  holy  
s\l w all ! ye> long be employ$ 9 sacr$ 
/udies &  works1 z a good /oma* at a    
fea/1 ) con/ant pleasure4 ,& !n  oh h[  
happily w all g on6 ,:5 a c>nal p]son ) 
a dull1  unwill+1 we>y m9d1 take? n[ &  
!n a little1 :5 8 c>nal  int]e/ itself  
do? prevail aga9/ 8 m slo?ful1 s5sual   

incl9ations2 b he nev] foll[e? x ) he>ty
 affections1 &  !re=e seldom ) good     
success4 #d4 ,& a holy s\l w be a       
cont9ual treasury & f\nta9 ( holy matt]1
 to p\r out to o!rs1  :5 !y come to !   
sacr$ m9i/ry2 s t su* a "o c say m  f ! 
feel+ & exp]i5ce ( 8 s\l1 ?an ano!r c 9 
a  long "t ga!r f 8 books4 #e4 ,& t :i* 
he sai? w come  w>m to ! he>]s1 9 a m   
lively1 exp]im5tal mann]1 ?an usual     
c>nal prea*]s speak4 #f4 ,& x is lik] to
 be att5d$ by a great]  bless+ f ,god4  
#g4 ,& !re are _m controv]sies 9 ! *ur*1
  :i* an exp]i5c$1 holy p]son 7ct]is    
p>ibus7 ha? great  advantage 91 above   
all o!rs1 to "k ! "r1 & be pres]v$  f   
errors4    ,direct4 ,,ii4 ,let "y m5's  
"t 7till ab\t eighte51 n9ete51 or       
tw5ty7 be sp5t 9 ! improvem5t ( _!      
memories1 r ?an 9  /udies t require mu* 
judgm5t4 ,!re=e let !m take t "t  to get
 organical k2 su* z are ! ,lat9 & ,greek
 tongues  fir/ & *iefly1 & !n ! ,hebrew1
 ,*aldee1 ,syriac1 & ,arabic2  ) !      
exacte/ acqua9tance ) ! true precepts ( 

logic3 &  let !m le>n "s epitome ( logic
 )\t book4 ,9 ?is "t also  let !m be mu*
 conv]sant 9 hi/ory1 bo? civil1         
s*ola/ical1 7(  philosoph]s1 orators1   
poets1 c47 & ecclesia/ical4 ,& !n take  
9 z mu* ( ! ma!matics z _! m necess>y   
/udies w  all[ !m "t = 7/ill valu+ k    
accord+ to ! v>i\s  degrees (           
usefulness74    ,direct4 ,,iii4 ,:5 y   
come to seek aft] m ab/ruse & real      
wisdom1 jo9 toge!r ! /udy ( physics &   
!ology2 & take n  y\r physics z sep>at$ 
f or indep5d5t on !ology1 b z !  /udy ( 
,god 9 8 works1 & ( 8 works z lead+ to  
himself4  ,o!rwise y w be b l a scriv5] 
or pr9t]1 :o make? 8  lett]s well1 b    
kn[e? n :at !y signify4    ,direct4     
,,iv4 ,unite all 1 or k ( real entities1
  into "o sci5ce2 bo? spirits & bodies2 
,god be+ tak5 9 z !  fir/ & la/1 !      
orig9al1 director1 & end ( all3 & /udy n
  ! doctr9e ( bodies alone1 z sep>at$ f 
spirits2 = x is  b an imag9>y sep>ation1
 & a delusion to m5's m9ds4 ,or if y  w 
call !m by ! "n ( sev]al sci5ces1 be    

sure y s l9k  ^? sev]als toge!r t ! due 
dep5d5ce ( bodies on spirits1  & ( !    
passive natures on ! active1 may /ill be
 kept  disc]nible2 & !n !y w be "o :ile 
y call !m div]s4    ,direct4 ,v4 ,:5 y  
/udy only to "k :at is true1 y mu/ beg9 
at ! primum cognoscibile1 & s rise 9    
ord9e cognosc5di2 b  :5 y w\ld come to  
see ?+s 9 _! prop] ord]1 by a m  p]fect1
 satisfy+ k1 y mu/ draw up a syn!tical  
s*eme1  juxta ord9em ess5di1 :]e ,god   
mu/ be ! fir/ & la/2 !  fir/ effici5t   
,gov]nor & ,end ( all4    ,direct4 ,,vi4
 ,y\r fir/ /udy ( philosophy !re=e %\ld 
be1 (  y\rselves2 to "k a man4 ,& ! k ( 
man's s\l is a "p  s necess>y1 s ne>1 s 
useful1 t x %\ld take up bo? !  fir/ &  
l>ge/ room 9 all y\r physics1 or k (    
,god's  works3 lab\r !re=e to be        
accurate 9 ?is4    ,direct4 ,,vii4 ,) ! 
k ( y\rselves jo9 ! k (  ! re/ ( ! works
 ( ,god2 b accord+ to ! usefulness ( ea*
  "p to y\r moral duty2 & z all are     
relat$ to ,god & y4    ,direct4 ,,viii4 
,be sure 9 all y\r progress t y keep a  

di/9ct  k ( ?+s c]ta9 & ?+s unc]ta91    
se>*able &  unse>*able1 reveal$ &       
unreveal$2 & lay ! fir/ z y\r           
f\ndation1 yea1 r keep ! k ( !m z y\r   
sci5ce (  physics by itself1 & let no   
obscurity 9 ! re/ cause y to  "q c]ta9  
?+s2 nor ev] be s p]v]se z to try ?+s   
kn[n1 by ?+s unkn[n1 & to argue a m9us  
notis4 ,lay no /ress  on small or       
d\btful ?+s4    ,direct4 ,,ix4          
,metaphysics z n[ tak5 is a mixture (   
organical &  real k2 & "p ( x belonge?  
to logic1 7! organical  "p17 & ! re/ is 
!ology1 pneumatology1 & ! highe/ p>ts  (
 ontology1 or real sci5ce4    ,direct4  
,x4 ,9 /udy+ philosophy1 #a4 ,see t y   
nei!r neglect  any helps ( ^? t h gone  
be=e y1 "u pret5ce ( tak+  no?+ ^u tru/1
 & ( /udy+ ! nak$ ?+s !mselves 7=  if e 
man mu/ beg9 all anew1 z if he _h be5 ! 
fir/  philosoph]1 k w make b small      
pr(ici5cy74 #b4 ,nor yet  /ick 9 ! b>e  
belief ( any au?or :atsoev]1 b /udy all 
?+s 9 _! nak$ natures & prop] evid5ces1 
?\gh by !  helps t are af=d$ y by o!rs4 

,= x is n sci5ce1 b  human belief1 else1
 :oev] y take x f4    ,direct4 ,,xi4 ,s 
c]ta9 are ! num]\s errors ( philosoph]s1
 s  unc]ta9 a multitude ( _! ass]tions1 
s v>i\s _! sects1 &  s easy x is = any  
to pull d[n mu* :i* ! re/ h built1 &  s 
h>d to set up any comely /ructure t o!rs
 9 l mann] may  n ca/ d[n2 t ,i _c      
p]suade y to fall 9 ) any "o sort  or   
sect1 :o yet h publi%$ _! s5tim5ts to ! 
_w4 ,!  ,platoni/s made v noble attempts
 9 _! inquiries aft] spiritual  be+2 b  
!y run into _m unprov$ fanaticisms1 &   
into div]s  errors1 & want ! desirable  
helps ( true me?od4 ,! wit (  ,ari/otle 
0 wond]ful = subtilty & solidity2 8 k   
va/2  8 me?od 7(t7 accurate2 b _m       
prec>i\s1 yea errone\s  conceptions &   
ass]tions1 are s plac$ by him1 z to h a 
tr\bl+ & corrupt+ influ5ce into all !   
re/4 ,! ,epicureans  or ,democrati/s 7  
/ill & ju/ly ! contempt ( all ! sob]    
sects2 & our late ,somati/s t foll[ !m1 
yea1 & ,gass5dus1  & _m t call !mselves 
,c>tesians1 yea1 ,c>tesius himself1  mu*

 m ,b]ig>dus1 ,regius1 & ,hobbes1 d give
 s mu* m to m]e  matt] & motion1 ?an is 
truly due1 & "k or say s mu* too  little
 ( spirits1 active natures1 vital p[]s1 
:i* are ! true  pr9ciples ( motion1 t !y
 diff] z mu* f true philosoph]s1  z a   
c>cass or a clock f a liv+ man4 ,! /oics
 _h noble  e?ical pr9ciples1 & !y 7& !  
,platoni/s ) ! cynics7 7  ( ! be/ lives2
 b _! writ+s are mo/ lo/1 & little (  _!
 physics fully kn[n to u1 & t also ha?  
its errors4  ,patricius is b a ,platoni/
 s tak5 ) ! nature ( light1 z  insi/+ on
 t 9 fanatical t]ms1 to leave out a     
great deal m  t mu/ he conjo9$4         
,telesius do? ! l by heat & cold1  heav5
 & e>?1 & among _m obs]vable ?+s1 ha?   
mu* t is  uns\nd & ( ill consequ5ce4    
,campanella ha? improv$ him1 & ha?  _m  
h9ts ( bett] pr9ciples 7especially 9 8  
primalities7 ?an  all ! re/2 b he       
fanatically runs !m up into s _m unprov$
  & va91 yea1 & mi/ak5 sup]/ructures1 z 
t no true body (  physics c be ga!r$ out
 ( all 8 works4 ,! attempt t pi\s       

,comm5ius ha? made 9 8 small manual ha? 
mu* t is ( wor?2  b f> %ort (           
accurat5ess4 ,! ,h]metical philosoph]s h
 no  true me?od ( philosophy among !m2 &
 to make _! ?ree or five  pr9ciples to  
be s _m elem5ts1 or simple bodies1      
con/itut+ all  comp\nds1 & =m up a sy/em
 ( philosophy on _! suppositions1  w be 
b a trifle1 & n to satisfy judici\s     
m9ds2 especially  consid]+ h[ defective 
_! philosophy is made by _! omissions4  
,lullius & 8 foll[]s fit n _! me?od to !
 true ord] (  ! matt]4 ,scalig]1        
,s*eggius1 ,w5del9e1 & ,s5n]tus         
7especially  9 8 ,hypomnemata7 7 great  
m51 & h _m excell5t ?+s2  b too mu* (   
,ari/otle's goe? = curr5t ) !m4 ,my     
wor?y1  le>n$1 & truly pi\s fri5d ,mr4  
,sam4 ,gott1 9 8 new book on ,g54  i4   
ha? _m excell5t notions1 & mu* t is     
sc>ce else:]e to  be met )2 b ! t$i\s   
p>agraphs1 ! defect ( me?od1 &  sev]al  
unproveable p>ticul>s1 make x1 l all    
human works1  imp]fect4    ,!re=e if ,i 
mu/ direct y accord+ to my judgm5t1 ,i  

mu/ advise  y1 #a4 ,to suppose t        
philosoph]s are all /ill 9 v great      
d>kness1 & !re is mu* confusion1        
defectiv5ess1 error1 &  division1 &     
unc]ta9ty among !m4 #b4 ,!re=e addict n 
y\rselves absolutely to any sect ( !m4  
#c4 ,let y\r fir/ /udies  ( !m all leave
 room = ! *ang+ ( y\r judgm5t1 & d n    
too ha/ily fix on any ( _! s5tim5ts z   
sure1 till y h  he>d :at o!rs say1 & )  
rip5$ und]/&+s h deeply &  long /udi$ ! 
?+s !mselves4 #d4 ,*oose out s mu* ( !  
c]ta9ties & useful p>ts ( physics z y c 
rea* to1 & make  !m "k _! places 9      
subs]vi5cy to y\r holy pr9ciples &      
ends2 & r be well cont5t ) s mu*1 ?an to
 lose too mu*  "t 9 a va9 fatigu+ ( y\r 
bra9s = m4    ,i h made "s attempt to   
draw out s mu*1 especially de mundo et  
de hom9e1 9 my ,me?odus ,!ologi1 ?\gh ,i
 expect x %\ld no  m satisfy o!rs1 ?an  
any ( !irs h satisfi$ me4    ,direct4   
,,xii4 ,:5 y h well /at$ y\r ontology or
 real  sci5ce1 !n review y\r logic &    
organical "p ( metaphysics2 &  see t    

v]ba rebus apt5tur2 fet* !n y\r words & 
organical  notions f ! nature ( ! ?+s4  
,abundance are conf\nd$ by  tak+ up     
logical notions fir/ :i* are unsuitable 
to true physical  be+s4    ,direct4     
,,xiii4 ,some:at ( e?ics may be well    
le>n$ (  philosoph]s1 b x is no?+ to !  
,scripture's *ri/ian e?ics4    ,direct4 
,,xiv4 ,some:at ( artificial rhetoric & 
oratory %\ld be  kn[n2 b ! oratory :i*  
is mo/ natural1 f ! evid5ce (  ?+s1 well
 manag$ by a good und]/&+ & elocution1  
:i* ha?  lea/ ( appe>+ art or           
affectation1 is ev] ! mo/ effectual1 &  
( be/ e/eem4    ,direct4 ,,xv4 ,!       
doctr9e ( politics1 especially ( !      
nature (  gov]nm5t & laws 9 g5]al1 is ( 
great use to all t w ev]  und]/& !      
nature ( ,god's gov]nm5t & laws1 t is1 (
  religion4 ,?\gh !re be no necessity ( 
kn[+ ! gov]nm5t &  laws ( ! l& or ( o!r 
c\ntries1 any fur!r ?an is necess>y  to 
our ob$i5ce or outw>d conc]nm5ts1 yet s 
mu* ( gov]nm5t  & laws z nature &       
,scripture make common to all p>ticul>  

=ms  & c\ntries1 mu/ be kn[n by him t w 
und]/& morality or  div9ity1 or w ev]   
/udy ! laws ( ! l&4 ,& x is a  prepo/]\s
 c\rse1 & ! way ( ignorance & error1 = a
 div9e  to /udy ,god's laws1 & a lawy]  
man's laws1 be=e ei!r ( !m  "k 9 g5]al  
:at a law or :at gov]nm5t is1 z nature  
notifie?  x to u4    ,direct4 ,,xvi4 ,:5
 y come to div9ity1 ,i am n = _! way t  
w\ld h y beg9 ) ! fa!rs1 & !nce =m a    
body (  div9ity to y\rselves3 if e "y   
/ud5t mu/ be put on su* a  task1 we may 
h _m religions quickly1 b %all c]ta9ly h
  mu* ignorance & error4 ,we mu/ n be s 
bl9d or un?ankful to ,god  z to d5y t   
lat] times h br\ght =? abundance (      
!ological writ+s1 incomp>ably m         
me?odical1 judici\s1 full1  cle>1 &     
excell5tly fitt$ also by application1 to
 ! good (  s\ls1 ?an any t are kn[n to u
 s9ce ! writ+ ( ! sacr$  ,scriptures4   
,rev]5ce ( antiquity ha? its prop] place
 & use1 b  is n to make m5 fools1       
non-pr(ici5ts1 or contemn]s ( ,god's    
great] m]cies4    ,my advice !re=e is1 t

 y beg9 ) a conjunction ( ,engli%       
cate*isms1 & ! confessions ( all !      
*ur*es1 & ! practical  holy writ+s ( our
 ,engli% div9es2 & t y nev] sep>ate  ^! 
asund]4#dgj ,^! practical books d       
commonly !mselves  conta9 ! pr9ciples1 &
 d press !m 9 s w>m a work+ mann]  z is 
like/ to br+ !m to ! he>t2 & till !y are
 !re1 !y  are n receiv$ accord+ to _!   
use1 b kept z 9 ! por*4 ,get  !n six or 
sev5 ( ! mo/ judici\s cate*isms1 &      
comp>e !m  well toge!r1 & comp>e all !  
confessions ( ! *ur*es 7:]e  y may be   
sure t !y put ^? :i* !y acc\nt !        
weightie/  & sure/ tru?s74 ,& ) !m read 
daily ! mo/ spiritual  he>t-mov+        
treatises1 ( reg5]ation1 & our cov5ant )
 ,god 9  ,*ri/1 ( rep5tance1 fai?1 love1
 ob$i5ce1 hope1 & ( a heav5ly  m9d &    
life2 z also ( pray] & o!r p>ticul>     
duties1 & (  temptations & p>ticul> s9s4
    ,& :5 y h gone ?r\gh ! cate*isms1   
read ov] ?ree or f\r  ( ! s\nde/ sy/ems 
( div9ity4 ,& aft] t proce$ to "s  l>g] 
!ses1 & !n to ! /udy ( ! cle>e/ &       

exacte/  me?odi/s2 & ?9k n t y well     
und]/& div9ity1 till1 #a4  ,y "k x z    
me?odiz$ & jo9t$ 9 a due s*eme1 & !     
sev]al  p>ts ( x 9 _! sev]al s*emes1    
see+ y "k n ! beauty  or ! true s5se (  
?+s1 if y "k !m n 9 _! prop]  places1   
:]e !y /& 9 _! sev]al respects to o!r   
po9ts3  &1 #b4 ,till x be wr\ght into   
y\r v he>ts1 & dige/$ into a  holy      
nature2 = :5 all is done1 x is only a   
holy & heav5ly  life1 t w prove y wise1 
& make y happy1 & give y solid  peace & 
com=t4    ,direct4 ,,xvii4 ,:5 y h gone 
s f>1 set y\rselves to read !  anci5ts3 
#a4 ,& take !m 9 ord] z !y liv$4 #b4    
,obs]ve mo/ !  hi/orical p>ts1 :at      
doctr9es & practices de facto did !n    
obta94 #c4 ,"s mu/ be read :olly1 & "s b
 9 "p4 #d4 ,c\ncils  & *ur* hi/ory "h h 
a *ief place4    ,direct4 ,,xviii4 ,) !m
 read ! be/ comm5tators on !            
,scriptures1 old & new4    ,direct4     
,,xix4 ,& !n set y\rselves to ! /udy (  
*ur*  controv]sies 7?\gh ^? t ! times   
make necess>y mu/ be  soon] look$ into74

 ,look fir/ & mo/ into ^? :i* y\r own   
consci5ces & practice require y\r       
acqua9tance )3 & above all  "h1 read    
well ^? writ+s t confute a!i/s &        
infidels1 &  mo/ solidly prove ! tru? ( 
! *ri/ian religion2 & !n ^?  t def5d !  
greate/ po9ts4 ,& ?9k n mu* to be/[ "s  
"t & lab\r 9 read+ "s ( ! old s*ool     
div9es4    ,direct4 ,,xx4 ,:5 y come to 
=m up y\r belief ( c]ta9ties 9          
religion1 take 9 no?+ z sure & necess>y1
 :i* ! anci5t  *ur*es did n receive4 ,_m
 o!r ?+s may be tak5 = tru?s2  & 9      
p]spicuity & me?od ! late times mu*     
excel !m2 b  *ri/ian religion is /ill ! 
same ?+1 & !re=e we mu/ h  no o!r       
religion 9 ! great & necess>y p>ts ?an  
!y _h4    ,direct4 ,,xxi4 ,/ill rememb]1
 t m5's v>i\s capacities d  occasion a  
great v>iety ( duties4 ,"s m5 h cle> &  
/rong  und]/&+s by nature2 ^! %\ld /udy 
?+s z mu* z books2  = possibly !y may   
excel & correct _! au?ors4 ,"s are      
naturally ( dull] or less judici\s      
heads1 t ) no /udy (  ?+s c rea* half s 

high1 z !y may d by /udy+ ! writ+s  ( ^?
 :o are wis] ?an ev] !y are l to be4 ,^!
 mu/ take  m on tru/ f _! au?ors1 &     
confess _! weakness4    ,direct4 ,,xxii4
 ,aft] or ) all controv]sies1 be well   
v]s$ 9 !  writ+s ( ^? reconcil]s :o     
pret5d to n>r[ or end !  diff]5ces4 ,=  
usually !y are su* z "k m ?an !         
cont5d]s4    ,i proce$ n[ to give y "s  
names ( books4    #dgj ,i m5tion n y\r  
read+ ! ,scripture1 z suppos+ x mu/  be 
y\r con/ant "w4      ,que/4 ,,clxxiv4   
,:at books1 especially ( !ology1 %\ld "o
 *oose1  :o = want ( money or "t c read 
b few8    ,answ4 ,g5]al4 ,! tru? is1 #a4
 ,x is n ! read+ ( _m books  :i* is     
necess>y to make a man wise or good2 b !
 well read+ (  a few1 c\ld he be sure to
 h ! be/4 #b4 ,& x is n possible to     
read ov] v _m on ! same subjects1 )\t a 
great deal ( loss  ( preci\s "t2 #c4 ,& 
yet ! read+ ( z _m z is possible  t5de? 
mu* to ! increase ( k1 & 7 ! be/ way1 if
  great] matt]s 7 n t way unavoidably to
 be omitt$3 life  !re=e be+ %ort1 & "w  

great1 & k be+ = love  & practice1 & no 
man hav+ leisure to le>n all ?+s1 a wise
  man mu/ be sure to lay hold on t :i*  
is mo/ useful &  necess>y4 #d4 ,b "s    
consid]able acqua9tance ) _m books is   
n[ become by accid5t necess>y to a      
div9e4 #a4 ,because unhappily a  "y     
/ud5t kn[e? n :i* are ! be/1 till he ha?
 tri$ !m2  & :5 he %\ld take ano!r man's
 ^w1 he kn[e? n ^: ^w  x is t he %\ld   
take3 = among grave m51 acc\nt$ great   
s*ol>s1 x is few t are truly judici\s & 
wise1 & he t is  n wise himself _c "k :o
 else are s inde$3 & e man  w comm5d !  
au?ors t are ( 8 own op9ion4 ,& if ,i   
comm5d  y to "s au?ors above o!rs1 :at d
 ,i b comm5d my own  judgm5t to y1 ev5 z
 if ,i comm5d$ my own books1 & p]suad$  
y to read !m2 :5 ano!r man ( a diff]5t  
judgm5t w  comm5d to y books ( a diff]5t
 sort8 ,& h[ kn[e? a raw  /ud5t :i* ( u 
is 9 ! "r8 #b4 ,because no man is s full
 &  p]fect z to say all t is said by all
 o!rs2 b ?\gh "o man  excel 9 "o or _m  
respects1 ano!r may excel him 9 "s      

p>ticul>s1 & say t :i* he omitte?1 or   
mi/ake? 94 #c4 ,b  especially because _m
 errors & adv]s>ies h made _m books     
necess>y to "s1 = to "k :at !y say1 & to
 "k h[ to  confute !m1 especially !     
papi/s1 ^: way is ^u pret5ce (          
antiquity & univ]sality1 to c>ry e      
controv]sy into a wood (  *ur* hi/ory1 &
 anci5t writ]s1 t !re y may fir/ be lo/1
  & !n !y may h ! f9d+ ( y3 & if y _c   
answ]  e corrupt$ or abus$ citation (   
!irs out ( c\ncils &  fa!rs1 !y triumph 
z if !y _h ju/ifi$ _! *ur* tyranny4  #d4
 ,& ! v subjects t are to be und]/ood   
are num]\s1 &  few m5 write ( all4 #e4  
,& on ! same subject m5 h sev]al  modes 
( writ+2 z "o excelle? 9 accurate me?od1
 & ano!r 9  cle>1 conv9c+ argum5tation1 
& ano!r 9 an affectionate1  tak+ /yle3 &
 ! same book t do? "o1 _c well d !  o!r1
 because ! same /yle w n d x4           
,object4 ,b ! anci5t fa!rs us$ n s _m   
books z we d1 no1  n "o = our hundr$s3 &
 yet we hon\r !m above ! ,neot]ics3  !y 
liv$ be=e ^! libr>ies _h a be+4 ,yea1 !y

 exhort  div9es to be le>n$ 9 ! holy    
,scriptures1 & ! f\r? c\ncil  ( ,c>?age 
=bad ! read+ ( ! hea!ns' books3 & _m    
h]etics are accus$ by ! fa!rs &         
hi/orians1 z be+ /udi$  9 logic1 &      
curi\s 9 common sci5ces2 & ,paul sai?1 t
 !  ,scriptures are able to make u wise 
unto salvation4    ,answ4 #a4 ,& yet !  
,new ,te/am5t 0 writt5 7or mo/ ( x7 aft]
  ! ,scriptures :i* ,paul is commonly   
suppos$ to mean1 & "s (  x1 aft] he said
 s1 :i* %[e? t he meant n to exclude m  
writ+4    #b4 ,! ,scriptures are        
suffici5t = _! prop] use1 :i* is to be  
a law ( fai? & life1 if !y be und]/ood4 
,b1 #a4 ,!y are n  suffici5t = t :i* !y 
7 nev] int5d$ =3 #b4 ,& we may  by o!r  
books be greatly help$ 9 und]/&+ !m4    
#c4 ,if o!r books 7 n ne$ful1 tea*]s 7 n
 ne$ful2 =  writ+ is b ! mo/ advantage\s
 way ( tea*+ by fix$  *>act]s1 :i* fly n
 f our memory z transi5t words d4 ,&  :o
 is x t und]/&e? ! ,scriptures t nev] _h
 a tea*]8  ,& :y said ! eunu*1 ,h[ %\ld 
,i 7und]/& :at ,i read7 unless  "s man  

guide me8 ,acts viii4 #ca4 ,& :y did    
,*ri/ set tea*]s 9  8 *ur* to ! end1    
till x be p]fect$8 ,eph4 iv4 #aa-ac1 if 
!y  mu/ n tea* ! *ur* unto ! end4 ,!re=e
 !y may write unto  ! end4    #d4       
,rev]5ce to antiquity mu/ n make u bl9d 
or un?ankful4  ,abundance ( ! fa!rs 7   
unle>n$ m51 & ( f> less k  ?an ord9>y   
div9es h n[2 & ! *ief ( !m 7 f> %ort  9 
k ( ! *iefe/ t ,god ( late ha? giv5 u4  
,& h[  %\ld x be o!rwise1 :5 _! helps 7 
s mu* less ?an ours8    #e4 ,k ha?      
abundantly increas$ s9ce pr9t+ 0 inv5t$2
  !re=e books h be5 a means to x4    #f4
 ,! fa!rs !n wrote volum9\sly2 !re=e !y 
7 n  aga9/ m writ+4    #g4 ,mo/ ( !     
bi%ops & c\ncils t cri$ d[n common      
le>n+1  _h little ( x !mselves1 & !re=e 
knew n h[ to judge (  x2 no m ?an good  
m5 n[ t want x4    #h4 ,!y liv$ among   
hea!ns t glori$ s 9 _! own le>n+1 z  to 
oppose x to ! ^w ( ,god 7z may be se5 9 
,julian1 &  ,porphyry1 & ,celsus73 !re=e
 *ri/ians oppos$ x1 & contemn$  x2 & 7  
afraid :ile x 0 set 9 competition ) !   

,scriptures1 le/ x %\ld draw m5 to      
infidelity1 if ov]valu$4    #i4 ,&      
f9ally1 ! tru? is1 t ! sacr$ ,scriptures
 are n[ too  mu* und]valu$1 & philosophy
 mu* ov]valu$ by _m bo? z to  evid5ce & 
usefulness3 & a few pla91 c]ta9 tru?s   
:i* all our  cate*isms conta91 well     
press$ & practis$1 w\ld make a bett]    
*ur* & *ri/ians1 ?an is n[ to be f\nd   
among u all4 ,& ,i am  "o t aft] all t  
,i h writt51 d he>tily wi% t ?is  7 !   
ord9>y /ate ( our *ur*es4 ,b yet by     
accid5t mu* m  is ne$ful1 z is prov$3   
#a4 ,= ! full] und]/&+ ( ^!  pr9ciples4 
#b4 ,= ! def5d+ ( !m 7especially by ^? t
 are  call$ to t "w74 #c4 ,to keep a    
m9i/] f t contempt :i*  may else        
fru/rate 8 lab\rs4 #d4 ,& to be         
ornam5tal &  subs]vi5t to ! sub/antial  
tru?s4    ,& n[ ,i w answ] ! "q m       
p>ticul>ly 9 ?is ord]4    ,i4 ,i w "n y 
! poore/ or smalle/ libr>y t is         
tol]able4    ,,ii4 ,! poor] 7?\gh n !   
poore/72 :]e a compet5t addition is     
made4    ,,iii4 ,! poor man's libr>y1   

:i* yet adde? some:at to ! =m]1  b come?
 %ort ( a ri* & sumptu\s libr>y4        
,i4 ,! poore/ libr>y is1 #a4 ,! ,sacr$  
,bible4 #b4 ,a ,concordance  7,d[name's 
! lea/1 or ,newman's ! be/74 #c4 ,a s\nd
 ,comm5t>y or  ,annotations1 ei!r       
,diodates1 ! ,engli% ,annotations1 or ! 
,dut*4  #d4 ,"s ,engli% cate*isms1 7!   
,assemblies' two1 ,mr4 ,g\ge's1 ,mr4    
,crook's ,guide17 ,amesius's ,m$ulla    
,!ologi1 et ,casus ,consci5ti1  7:i* are
 bo? 9 ,lat9 & ,engli%17 & 8 ,bell>m9us 
,en]vatus4  #e4 ,"s ( ! s\nde/ ,engli%  
books :i* op5 ! doctr9e (  grace1       
ju/ification1 & free-w & duty2 z ,mr4   
,truman's ,great  ,propitiation1 ,mr4   
,brad%aw ( ,ju/ification1 ,mr4 ,gibbon's
 ,s]mon (  ,ju/ification1 9 ! morn+     
ex]cises at ,/4 ,giles 9 ! ,fields1     
,mr4 ,hot*kis ( ,=giv5ess ( ,s94 #f4 ,z 
_m affectionate practical  ,engli%      
writ]s z y c get2 especially ,mr4 ,ri*>d
 ,all5's ,works1  ,mr4 ,gurnall's1 ,dr4 
,pre/on1 ,dr4 ,sibbs1 ,mr4 ,rob]t       
,bolton1 ,mr4  ,:ateley1 ,mr4 ,reyn]1   

,mr4 ,scudd]1 ,mr4 ,t4 ,=d1 ,mr4 ,h[e ( 
,bless$ness1 ,mr4 ,sw9nock1 ,mr4        
,g\ge's1 ,! ,practice ( ,piety1 ,!      
,:ole ,duty ( ,man1 ,dr4 ,hammond's     
,practical ,cate*ism1 ,dr4 ,pe>son on  !
 ,cre$1 ,dr4 ,d[name on ! ,"l's ,pray]1 
,mr4 ,dod on !  ,comm&m5ts1 ,bi%op      
,&rews on ! ,comm&m5ts1 ,mr4 ,joseph    
,br9sley's ,true ,wat*1 ,mr4 ,gre5ham's 
,works1 ,mr4 ,hild]%am's ,works1  ,mr4  
,an?ony ,burgess's ,works1 ,mr4 ,p]k9's 
,works1 ,dr4 ,h>ris's ,works1  ,mr4     
,burr\gh's1 ,mr4 ,?omas ,hook]1 ,mr4    
,p9ke's ,s]mons1 ,j4 ,d[name's  ,*ri/ian
 ,w>f>e1 ,ri*>d ,rog]s1 ,john ,rog]s (  
,fai? & ,love1 ,dr4  ,/\ghton1 ,dr4     
,?omas ,tailor1 ,mr4 ,elton1 ,mr4       
,daniel ,dike1 ,j]emy ,dike1  ,mr4 ,j4  
,ball ( ,fai?1 ( ! ,cov5ant1 c41        
,culv]well ( ,fai?1 ,mr4  ,ranew1 ,mr4  
,teate1 ,mr4 ,%aw1 ,mr4 ,rawlet1 ,mr4   
,janeway1 ,mr4 ,v9c5t1 ,mr4  ,doelittle1
 ,mr4 ,samuel ,w>d's ,s]mons1 ,mr4 ,w4  
,f5n]1 ,mr4 ,ru!r=d's  ,lett]s1 ,mr4    
,jos4 ,alle9's ,life & ,lett]s1 &       

,treatise (  ,conv]sion1 ,mr4 ,samuel   
,cl>ke's ,lives1 & 8 ,m>tyrology1 ,!    
,morn+ ,ex]cises at ,/4 ,giles          
,cripplegate1 & at ,/4 ,giles 9 !       
,fields1 ,mr4 ,b5jam9 ,baxt]'s ,s]mons1 
,mr4 ,george ,hopk9's ,salvation  f ,s91
 ,dr4 ,edw>d ,reynolds1 ,mr4 ,meade's   
,works1 ,mr4 ,v9e's ,s]mons1  ,h5ry     
,smi?1 ,samuel ,smi?1 ,?omas ,smi?1 ,mr4
 ,/rong1 ,j4 ,simmonds2 z  _m ( !m z y c
 get4 #g4 ,& = all o!r le>n+1           
,al/$ius's ,encyclopdia alone3 suppos+ t
 y are pa/ !  gramm> s*ool1 & h necess>y
 ,lexicons1 specially ,m>t9ius &        
,leigh's ,critica ,sacra3 if y c h m1   
get ,bell>m4 de ,scriptor4  ,eccles41   
,cook's ,c5sura ,patrum1 ,sculteti      
,m$ulla ,patrum1 ,clem4 ,rom41  ,ju/91  
,t]tullian1 & ,cyprian2 ,helvici        
,*ronolog41 ,hammond's &  ,beza's       
,annotations1 ) ,junius & ,tremellius1  
,calv9 on ! ,new  ,te/am5t1 ,?addi      
,conciliationes1 ,al/$ii ,def9it4 et    
,di/9ct41  ,ca/anei ,di/9ct41 ,urs9i    
,cate*is41 ,w5del9i ,!olog41 ,snecani   

,me?od4 ,descriptio1 ,dav5ant's ,works1 
& ,cam]o's1 ,le ,blanc's ,!ses1         
,grotius de ,satisfact41 ,c>anza's      
,epitom4 ,concil41 ,u%]'s ,annals1 &    
,answ] to ! ,jesuit1 & de ,success4     
,eccles4 ,/at41 ,drel9c\rt's &  ,poole's
 ,manual1 ,corpus ,confessionum4        
,,ii4 ,:5 y c get m1 ! next rank mu/ h  
all ! =m] )  ^! additions foll[+4    ,i4
 ,= lexicons3 #a4 ,= ,lat91 besides     
,goldman1 or ,holyoke1 or r  ,hutton's  
,morellius1 or ,c[p]1 get ,m>t9ii       
,onoma/icon3 #b4 ,= ,greek1  ,scapula1  
,pasor1 ,leigh1 ,simpson & ,h5ricpetri  
,lexicon4 #c4 ,= ,hebrew1  ,buxtorf1    
,s*9dl]1 ,leigh4    ,,ii4 ,= logic3 #a4 
,fasciculus ,logicus1 or ,smi?1         
,keck]man1  ,burg]sdicius4 #b4 ,( !     
mod]ate ,rami/s1 t take 9 bo?1 ,h5ry    
,gu!rle?4    ,,iii4 ,= physics3 #a4     
,magirus1 ,comba*ius1 ,burg]sdicius1    
,w5del9e1  & ,s5n]tus4 #b4 ,comm5ius4   
#c4 ,mr4 ,gott4 #d4 ,"l ,bacon & ,mr4   
,boyle4    ,,iv4 ,m p>ticul>ly1 ,de     
,anima3 ,tolet1 ,melanc?on1 ) ,vives &  

,am]ba*ius1 7!y are pr9t$ toge!r 9 "o   
book17 ,s5n]ti  ,hypomnemata1 ,scalig]'s
 ,ex]citationes4    ,v4 ,de ,corpore    
,humano3 ,gal51 ,f]nelius1 ,b>?ol9e1    
,h>vy de  ,g5]atione ,animalium4        
,,vi4 ,de ,motu3 ,m\sn]ius1 ,dr ,wallis4
    ,,vii4 ,( a/ronomy3 ,gass5dus1      
,riolanus4    ,,viii4 ,( geography3     
,cluv]ius1 or ,abbot1 ,ortelius1        
,m]cator1 ,heyl91  ! globe or map ,geog4
 ,nubi5s4    ,,ix4 ,( ma!matics 9 g5]al3
 ,euclid1 ,b>r[1 ,rami ,s*ol4 cum       
,prolegom41 ,snellii1 ,bett9us1         
,h]igone4    ,x4 ,ari?metic 9 p>ticul>3 
,record1 ,w+ate1 c4    ,,xi4 ,geometry3 
,ramus cum comm5t4 ,snellii1 & ,s*on]i1 
,metii1 ,dr4  ,wallis1 c4    ,,xii4     
,music3 ,?os4 ,morley1 ,simpson4        
,,xiii4 ,( *ronology & g5]al hi/ory3    
,helvici ,*ronol41 ,u%]'s  ,annals1     
,idea ,hi/or4 ,univ]s41 ,bu*oltz]1      
,calvisius1 ,functius1 ,jacob4          
,capellus1 ,raleigh4    ,,xiv4 ,p>ticul>
 hi/ory is endless3 among s _m ,i sc>ce 
"k :at  to say m1 ?an read z _m z y c2  

especially1    #a4 ,! ,roman hi/orians  
7:i* are jo9$ toge!r74    #b4 ,! ,greek 
hi/orians4    #c4 ,diog4 ,la]tius &     
,eunapius de vitis ,philosoph4    #d4   
,plut>*'s ,lives4    #e4 ,( ,engl&1     
,mat?4 ,p>is1 ,hov$51 ,camd51 ,spe$1    
,ru%wor?'s  ,collections4    #f4 ,(     
,france1 ,?uanus1 7:o also take? 9 mo/ (
 ! ,european  hi/ory ( 8 "t17 ,comm9es1 
,s]res4    #g4 ,( ,belgia1 ,grim/on1 &  
,grotius1 & ,/rada4    #h4 ,( ,g]many1 !
 collections ( ,pi/orius1 ,rub]us1 &    
,freh]us4    #i4 ,( ,italy1 ,guicci>d9e4
    #aj4 ,kn[les's ,turki% ,hi/ory1 &   
,leunclavius4    #aa4 ,( ,abassia1      
,godignus1 & ,damianus a ,goes4    #ab4 
,( ,judea1 ,george ,s&ys's ,travels1 &  
,broc>dus4    #ac4 ,( ,arm5ia & ,t>t>y1 
,hai?o ,arm5ius1 & ! re/ 9 ! ,novus     
,orbis1 especially ,paulus ,v5etus !re4 
#ad4 ,( ,africa & ,india1 ,leo ,af]1 &  
,ludovicus ,romanus4    #ae4 ,( ,*9a1   
,siam1 ,japan1 c4 ,v>5ius1 ,maffi       
,hi/or4 ,indica cum  ,epi/4 ,jesuit41   
,alv>ez & ,m>t9ius4    #af4 ,( ,indo/an1

 ,t]ry4    #ag4 ,( ,muscovy1            
,sigismundus4    #ah4 ,( ,sw$51 ,olaus  
,magnus 7b fabul\s47    #ai4 ,( ,scotl&1
 ,j4 ,major1 ,hector ,boe?ius1 ,demp/]4 
#bj4 ,( antiquities3 ,ros9us ,rom4      
,antiquit41 ,godw91 ,seld5 de diis      
,syris1 c41 ,f]r>ii ,lexicon4    ,,xv4  
,( *ur* hi/ory3 ,josephus1 ,eusebius1   
,ruff9us ,trip>tite1 above  all         
,socrates & ,sozom51 ,orosius1          
,sulpitius ,sev]us1 ,!odoret1  ,victor  
,utic5sis1 ,b$a1 ,jacobus a ,vitriaco1  
,nicephorus ,calli/41  ,plat9a &        
,massonius de vitis ,pontif41 ,abbas    
,ursp]g5sis1 ,sleidan1  ,micrlius1      
,g5tii ,hi/4 ,jud41 ,molani ,m>tyrolog41
 ,cl>ke's  ,m>tyrolog41 ,hott+]1        
,illyrici ,catalogus ,te/ium ,v]itatis1 
or  ,morney's ,my/]y ( ,iniquity1 ,p]9 &
 ,morl&'s ,hi/ory ( ,pi$mont  & !       
,wald5ses1 ,hi/or4 ,p]secut4 ,bohem41   
,sculteti ,annales1 et  ,curriculum ,vit
 su1 ,knox's & ,spotswood's ,hi/4       
,scot41 ,reg5volscius  ,hi/4 ,eccl4     
,sclavon41 ,u%]'s ,primordia ,eccles4   

,brit41 ,p>k]'s  ,antiquitates ,eccles4 
,brit41 ,mel*ior ,adami ,vit ,!olog4    
,m$icorum1  ,juris-consult4 et          
,philosoph4 ,g]man41 ,full]'s ,*ur*     
,hi/ory1 ,cl>k's  ,lives1 _m p>ticul>   
lives1 z ,jewell's by ,dr4 ,humphry1    
,mr4 ,joseph  ,alle9's1 c41 ,bolton's1  
c4 ,also read ! epi/les ( ,melanc?on1   
,calv91 ,beza1 ,s>avia4    ,,xvi4 ,(    
m$ic9e1 /udy no m ?an su* z ,hor/ius de 
,sanitate  ,/udiosorum ,tu5da1 or       
,foll9us1 or ,grat]olus1 or an ,h]bal1  
except  y c g q ?r\gh ) x2 le/ by half  
skill y kill y\rself  or o!rs3 b take1  
#a4 ,suffici5t ex]cise ad sudorem       
7aliqu&o  l>giorem1 9 habitu s]oso vel  
pituitoso74 #b4 ,temp]ance4 #c4 ,a      
pleas$ & cont5t$ m9d4 #d4 ,w>m?1 &      
avoid+ inw>d & outw>d  cold3 #e4 ,&     
exp]i5ce = y\r be/ physic2 & m$dle ) no 
m  )\t necessity1 & ! advice ( a v able1
 exp]i5c$ man1    ,,xvii4 ,( politics1 &
 civil law1 & e?ics1 read ,besoldus1    
,willius1  ,danu1 ,fragoso de ,reg4     
,rep41 ,mr4 ,lawson's ,!ological ,works1

  ,angelius1 ,dr4 ,z\*1 ,grotius de     
,jure ,belli1 ,mynsyng]'s ,in/itut4     
,wesembecius1 ,calv9's ,lexicon1        
,eu/a*ius's ,e?ics & ,pemble's4         
,,xviii4 ,= me?ods ( div9ity1 read      
,p>u's edition ( ,urs9e1  ,trelcatius1  
,amesii ,m$ulla1 ,musculi ,loci         
,communes1 ,dr4 ,tully1 ,georg4         
,sohnius1 ,tzeg$9e's ,tables1 ,calv9's  
,in/itutions1 or ,colonius's            
abbreviation ( him1 ,lawson's           
,!opolitica1 ,wollebius1 ,cluto's ,idea 
,!olog4    ,,xix4 ,!ological            
disputations & treatises :i* ,i take to 
be  extraord9>y cle> & s\nd1 escap+ !   
extremes :i* _m err  91 & op5+ !        
reconcil+ tru?3 ,/rangius1 ,le ,blanc's 
,!ses1  ,mr4 ,truman's ?ree books1      
,grotius de ,satisfactione1 ,brad%aw (  
,ju/ification1 ,gibbon's ,s]mon (       
,ju/ification1 ,hot*kis (  ,=giv5ess (  
,s91 all ,dav5ant's ,works1 ,cam]a's    
,works1 ,te/>dus de  ,natura et ,gratia1
 all ,josue ,placu's ,works1 ,!ses      
,salmuri5ses1  ,amyraldus1 ,johan4      

,b]gius1 ,conrad4 ,b]gius1 ,ludovic4    
,crocii ,syntag4  ,!olog4 ,synod4 ,dort1
 especially ! ,briti% & ,breme ,div9es 9
  suffrag41 ,jans5ii ,augu/9us1 all     
,augu/9e1 ,prosp] & ,fulg5tius1         
,musculi ,loci ,communes1 ,dalleus de   
,r$emp41 ,wotton de ,reconcil41         
,gatak]1 ,woodbridge ( ,ju/ification1   
,/ill+fleet1 ,u%]'s ,answ] to  !        
,jesuit's ,*all5ge1 & 8 ,notes de       
,r$empt4 ,univ]s41 ,w4 ,f5n]1  ,rob4    
,b>onius de ,peccato ,mort4 et ,v541    
,bi%op ,pre/on1 ,:ateley1  ,vossii      
,!ses1 ,bull+]'s ,decades1 ,rob4 ,abbot4
    ,,xx4 ,comm5tators1 7besides ! =5am$
 ,annotations17 ,beza1 &  ,piscator1    
,junii et ,tremellii ,annot41 ,dr4      
,hammond1 ,grotius 9 ,evang41  ,calv91  
especially 9 ,nov4 ,te/41 or ,m>lorate's
 ,collection on ,g54  ,psal4 ,isa4 & ,n4
 ,te/41 :i* conta9e? ,calv91 ) o!rs1    
,mr4  ,pool's ,critics1 ,a9swor?1       
,moll]us1 ,willet1 ,p>u1 ,musculus1     
,lyra1  ,e/ius1 ,jans5ius1 ,*emnitius   
,h>m41 ,mr4 ,cradock's ,h>m41           

,maldonate1  ,lor9us1 ,dixon1 ,hut*9son1
 ,drusius1 ,pi*]elli ,opuscula4         
,,xxi4 ,su* z op5 "s h>d texts only1 &  
reconcile seem+  contradictions1 ,?addu1
 ,spanhemii ,dubia ,evangelica1 ,magrii 
,conciliat41 ,%>pii ,symphonia1 ,b]tram1
 ,brug5sis1 ,alba1 ,wal!r1  ,lydius1    
,gatak]i ,c9nus et alia1 ,ri*>dson1     
,cam]o's ,myro!c41 )  ,lud4 ,capellus1  
,croyus1 ,br\ghton1 ,he9sius1 ,nic4     
,full]'s ,miscellan41  ,gregory1        
,d\ghty's ,analecta1 ,diet]ici ,antiq4  
,biblic1 ,can9ii ,disq41  ,suic]us1     
,boies1 ,m$e's ,works1 ,weemse1 ,bootii1
 ,sculteti  ,ex]citationes4    ,,xxii4  
,helps to und]/& ! ,scriptures3         
,br\ghton's ,cons5t (  ,scripture1 ,u%] 
( ! ,septuag9t1 c41 ,illirici ,clavis   
,scriptur1  ! =esaid ,treatises (       
,cu/oms1 all ,bo*>tus1 7,geograph4 et de
  ,animalibus17 ,bri]wood's ,inquiries1 
,buxtorf de ,synag4 ,jud41 ,cunu1       
,sigonius & ,/eph4 ,m5o*ius de ,repub4  
,hebr41 ,sixt4 ,amama1 ,euseb4          
,niremb]gius de ,antiq4 ,scriptur1 !    

,polyglot ,bibles v>i\s  v]sions1       
,ravanellus4    ,,xxiii4 ,= def5ce ( !  
*ri/ian fai? aga9/ a!i/s &  infidels3   
,hi]4 ,savon>ola1 ,v&] ,meul91          
,/ill+fleet's ,orig4  ,sacr41 ,grotius  
de ,v]it4 ,relig4 ,*ri/41 ,morney1      
,cam]o de ,v]bo ,dei1  ,micrelii        
,e?nophron4 ,lod4 ,vives1 ,fic9us cum   
notis ,lud4 ,crocii1 ,dr4  ,jackson's   
,tru? ( ,scripture1 ,campanella's       
,a!ismus ,triumphatus1  ,lessius1       
,waddeswor? ( ! ,immortality ( ! ,s\l1  
,sir ,*>les  ,wolseley aga9/ ,a!ism1    
,aut ,deus aut ,nihil1 besides abundance
 ( !  fa!rs1 ,john ,goodw9 (            
,scriptures4    ,,xxiv4 ,cases (        
consci5ce1 besides ,amesius1 ,p]k9s1    
,dixon1 ,greg4  ,sayrus's ,clavis       
,regia1 ,azorius1 ,dr4 ,j]4 ,taylor's   
,ductor ,dubitantium4    ,,xxv4         
,c\ncils3 ,lydius ,c>anza1 ,crab1       
,b9nius1 ,spelman1 ,ju/ellus1  ,synod4  
,dordr4    ,,xxvi4 ,canoni/s & helps to 
und]/& c\ncils3 ,! ,decretals1 or       
,corpus ,juris ,canon41 ,zab>ell1       

,panormitane1 ,nav>rus1 ,albasp9u1      
,ju/ellus1 ,blondel de ,decret41        
,balsamon1 ,zon>as & ,photius1 ,miri    
,notitia ,episcopatuum1 7b n tru/y17    
,*5u de ,episcopatibus  ,gallicis1      
,filesacus4 ,hi/or4 ,concil4 ,trid5t4   
,,xxvii4 ,fa!rs3 ,clem4 ,rom41 ,u%]'s & 
,iz4 ,vossii ,ignatius1 ,ju/9  ,m>tyr1  
,ir5u1 ,clem4 ,alex&41 ,t]tullian1      
,cyprian1 ,orig51  ,a!nagoras1          
,tatianus1 ,arnobius cum ,m9utio ,flice1
 ,lactantius1  ,a?anasius4 ,^! are n v  
volum9\s3 ,optatus1 ,eusebii ,prp>atio  
et ,demon/ratio ,evangelica1 z mu* (    
,hi]om1 ,augu/9e1 &  ,*ryso/om z y c2   
,hil>ius ,pictavi5sis1 ,prosp]1         
,fulg5tius1  ,v9c5t4 ,lir95sis1 & 7be=e 
!m7 ,basil1 ,greg4 ,nazianz51 &  ,greg4 
,nyss541 ,epiphanius1 ,ambrose1 ,paul9us
 ,nolanus1 ,cassianus1  ,salvianus1     
,g5nadius ,massil41 ,gildas1 ,claudius  
,turon5sis1 ,rabanus  ,maurus1 ,b]n>d4  
,,xxviii4 ,helps to "k & und]/& ! fa!rs3
 ,sculteti ,m$ulla  ,patrum1 ,cocu's    
,c5sura ,patrum1 ,rivet's ,critica      

,sacra1 ,dr4 ,james1 all  ,bi%op ,u%]'s 
,works2 7b above all1 a manuscript ( 8  
n[ 9 !  h&s ( ! ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury27 
,sixti ,s55sis ,biblio!ca1  ,possev9us1 
_m ( ,erasmus's ,prefaces & ,notes1     
,dallu de usu  ,patrum1 et de           
,pseudepigraphis ,apo/ol4 et de ,cultu  
,lat9orum1 et 9  ,dionys4 et 9          
,ignatium1 et pl]aque illius1 et ,d4    
,blondelli ,op]a1  ,bell>m9us de        
,scriptoribus ,ecclesia/41 ,casaubonis  
,ex]cit41 ,v$elius  de ,sapi5t4 ,vet]um1
 ,polydore ,virgil de ,inv5t4 ,r]4      
,albasp9e1 ,vossii  ,hi/or4 ,pelag4 et  
de ,symbolis1 ,pauli ,er9>*i ,trias     
,patrum1 ,photii  ,biblio?41 ,r\se's    
,mella ,patrum1 ,de la ,c]da1 & _m o!rs'
 ,notes4    ,,xxix4 ,lat] writ]s &      
s*oolm53 ,damasus1 ,anselmus ,cantu>41  
,gulielmus ,p>isi5sis1 ,guil4 de ,sancto
 ,amore1 ,g]h>dus ,zutphani5sis1  79    
,bibl4 ,patr417 ,?aul]us1 ,?omas a      
,kempis1 ,lomb>d1 ,aqu9as1  ,dur&us1    
,scotus1 ,ockham1 ,greg4 ,arim95sis1    
,rada1 ,alv>ez1 ,ruiz1  ,su>ez1 ,lud4 a 

,dola1 ,ripalda1 ,buridane's ,e?ics1    
,meurisse ,metaphys41  ,f]rii ,s*ola/4  
,or?od4 et ,def5s4 ,posewitz ,!olog4    
,s*ola/4 ,dr4  ,twisse1 ,/rangius1 ,rob4
 ,b>onii ,metaphys41 ,s*iebl]i          
,metaphys41  ,calovii ,metaphys4 ,div941
 ,dr4 ,b>l['s ,metaphys4 ,ex]citat41    
,dr4  ,m's ,metaphysics4    ,,xxx4      
,controv]sies 7besides ! =em5tion$ aga9/
 hea!ns &  infidels74    #a4 ,prote/ants
 & papi/s3 ,bell>m9e1 ,/apleton1        
,co/]us1 ,becanus1  ,hold51 ,bri]ley's  
,prote/4 ,plea1 ,ri*wor?'s & ,:ite's    
,dialogues4    ,aga9/ !m3 ,amesii       
,bell>m4 ,en]vatus1 ,dr4 ,*allon]'s     
,cr$o ,eccles4  ,ca?ol41 ,*ami]1        
,sadeel1 ,*ill+wor?1 ,u%]'s ,answ] to ! 
,jesuit's ,*all5ge1 & de ,success4      
,eccles41 ,illyrici ,catalog4 ,te/ium   
,v]itatis1 ,du ,plessis 7,morney7 de    
,eccles4 & ,my/]y ( ,iniquity1 ,dr4     
,field ( ! ,*ur*1 ,:itak]1 ,dr4 ,john   
,:ite's ,way to ! ,true  ,*ur*1 & !     
,def5ce1 ,blondel de ,ecclesia          
7,gallic72 all ,dallu's  ,works2        

,alb]t9us de ,transub/4 cum ,clodii     
,def5s4 ,dav5ant de  ,ju/itia et        
,det]m9ationes1 ,rivet's ,ca?ol4        
,or?od41 ,pet4 ,mol9i de  ,novitate     
,papismi1 7,engli%$17 ,pet4 ,mol9u      
,junior's ,answ] to  ,phalanax          
,anglicus1 ,*emnitii ,exam4 ,concil4    
,trid5t41 ,ra9old's  ,conf]5ce ) ,h>t1 &
 de lib4 ,apocry4 ,pet4 ,c\s9s1 ,bi%op (
  ,durham1 ( ! ,canon ( ,scripture1     
,drel9c\rt's ,manual1 ,poole's  ,nullity
 & ,dial41 ,bi%op ,d[name de ,anti*ri/o1
 ,/ill+fleet1  ,tillotson1 ,voetius de  
,desp]4 ,causa ,papatus4 ,especially = !
 "r  ( k+s aga9/ !m2 ,w4 ,b>clay1       
,grotius de ,imp]io ,summ>4  ,pote/41   
,bi%op ,bilson ( ,ob$i5ce1 ,bi%op       
,c>lton de ,jurisdictione1  ,bi%op      
,rob]t ,abbots1 ,golda/us de ,mon>*ia1  
7a multitude ( old  writ]s collect$17 & 
,con/itut4 ,imp]ial41 ,m4 ,ant4 de      
,dom9us  ,spalat5sis de ,republ4 ,eccl42
 all ,ludovicus ,mol9u's ,works4    #b4 
,ab\t pr$e/9ation1 grace1 free-w1 !     
,jesuits1 ,lu!rans1 &  ,arm9ians aga9/ !

 ,dom9icans1 ,jans5i/s1 & ,calv9i/s4 ,on
 "o  side1 ,mol9u1 ,fonseca1 ,p5nottus  
propugnac4 ,lib]t4 ,petr4 a ,sancto     
,joseph1 ,arm9ius1 ,episcopius1 ,cov9us1
 ,grev9*ovius1 ,til5us1 ,til5us  junior4
    ,on ! o!r side2 ,alv>ez1 ,jumel1    
,jans5ius1 ,twisse1 ,synod4 ,dord41     
,mol9i ,anatom4 ,arm9i41 ,amesius1      
,zan*ius1 c4 ,b ! conciliators  are     
s\nde/4    #c4 ,( ,soc9ianism &         
,arianism4 ,= !m3 hi/orians1            
,philo/orgius  & ,s&ius3 disput]s1      
,volkelius1 ,soc9us1 ,lu%+ton on !      
,hebr4    ,aga9/ !m3 ,jos4 ,placu1      
,/egman1 ,botsaccus1 ,grotius de        
,satisfact41  ,z>novecius1 & ,joh4      
,junius de ,satisfact41 ,lawson on !    
,hebrews1  ,beckman's ,ex]citations1    
,truman's ,great ,propitiation1         
,/ill+fleet (  ,satisfaction1 ,q4 ,v4   
,crellius ,refutatus1 ,ess5ius1         
,hoornbeck4    #d4 ,( ju/ification1 en[ 
are nam$ be=e1 ,,xviii4 specially ,le   
,blanc1  also ,pemble1 ,bi%op ,d[name1  
,w>r54    #e4 ,! ant9omian & lib]t9e    

controv]sies3 pro1 ,dr4 ,crisp1         
,maccovius 9 quibusdam1 ,saltm>%1       
,cr&on1 ,paul ,hobson1 ,d51 ,t[n1       
,eaton4    ,contr4 ,gatak]1 ,ball ( !   
,cov5ant1 ,an?4 ,burgess2 all ! writ]s  
( ju/ification be=e prais$1 ,,xviii42   
,weld's ,hi/ory (  ,ant9omians4    #f4  
,ab\t infant baptism3 cont4 ,tombes1    
,blackwood1 ,fi%]4    ,pro1 ,*ur*1      
,m>%all1 ,:i/on1 ,blake4    #g4 ,( !    
,"l's day1 or *ri/ian sabba?3 cont4     
,ironside1 ,heyl91  ,pockl+ton1 ,franc4 
,:ite1 ,bri]wood1 ,broad4    ,pro1 ,dr4 
,"y1 ,eaton1 ,cawdrey1 & ,palm>1 ,dr4   
,twisse1 ,hughes1  ,spr9t1 ,dr4 ,ow51   
,mr4 ,george ,abbot1 ,%eph>d4    #h4 ,( 
diocesan prelacy3 cont4 ,c>twright1     
,cald]wood's ,alt>e  ,damasc5um1 ,rob4  
,p>k] de ,polit4 ,eccles41 ,beza1 ,g]son
 ,buc]'s  ,diss]t4 de ,gub]n4 ,eccles41 
,ba9es ,diocesan's ,trial1 ,blondel de  
,episc4 et ,presbyt41 ,salmasius1       
,smectymnuus4    ,pro1 ,petavius1       
,s>avia1 ,george ,d[name1 ,bilson1      
,hook]1 ,:itgift1  ,dr4 ,hammond4    #i4

 ,( ! re/ ( ,engli% con=mity1 liturgy1 &
 c]emonies3 pro1  ,dr4 ,john ,burgess1  
,:itgift1 ,hook]1 ,spr9t's ,necessity ( 
,con=mity  9 ,case ( ,deprivation1      
,paybody ( ,kneel+1 ,fulwood1 ,/ileman1 
,durel1  ,! ,fri5dly ,debate1 ,!        
,ecclesia/ical ,polity4    ,contr4      
,c>twright1 ,p>k] ( ! ,cross1 ,brad%aw's
 ,twelve ,argum5ts1  c41 ,amesius aga9/ 
,morton1 & 8 ,fre% ,suit aga9/ ,burgess1
  ,nicols1 ! ,savoy ,prop4    ,aga9/ !  
new additions1 little is said yet1 ?r\gh
 ! re/ra9t  ( ! law1 except by ,mr4     
,daniel ,cawdrey1 & a ,lat9 ,apology1 & 
,mr4  ,cr(ton1 & ,dr4 ,coll9s ( !       
,cov5ant1 & "s ?+s ?ru/ out  secretly1  
:i* conta9 b little ( ! true /ate ( !   
case4    #aj4 ,( ,era/ianism3 pro1      
,era/us1 ,coleman1 ,hussey1 ,lud4       
,mol9u1  79 appe>ance17 ,seld5 de       
,syn$riis4    ,cont4 ,beza1 ,gillespie's
 ,a>on's ,rod1 & ,nihil ,respondes1     
,hammond (  ! ,keys4    #aa4 ,(         
sep>ation3 pro1 ,johnson1 ,canne1       
,a9swor?2 & =  semi-sep>ation1 7f       

liturgy & sacram5ts1 b n f s]mons17     
,rob9son4    ,cont4 ,john ,paget1       
,brad%aw1 ,gif=d1 ,hild]%am1 ,ball1     
,gatak]1  ,b]n>d1 ,rob4 ,abbot1 7n !    
bi%op17 ,william ,all5's ,retract4 (    
,sep>ation4    #ab4 ,( indep5d5cy3 pro1 
,norton1 7mod]ate17 ,hook]1 ,all5 &     
,%eph>d1 ,burton1 ,apologet4 ,n>rative1 
,reasons ( ! ,diss5t]s 9  ! ,assembly1  
,dr4 ,ow5's ,cate*ism1 & ( ,s*ism4      
,cont4 ,j4 ,ball1 ,ru!r=d1 ! ,assembly's
 ,reply1 ! ,london  ,m9i/]s' ,jus       
,div9um ,presbyt]ii1 ,cawdrey aga9/ ,dr4
 ,ow51 c4 ,b54  ,camfield aga9/ ,dr4    
,ow5's ,cate*ism4    ,,xxxi4            
,conciliators4 #a4 ,betwe5 discordant   
*ri/ians 9 g5]al3  ,jacobi ,acontii     
,/ratagemata ,satan1 ,u%] 9 ,eph4 iv4   
#c1 old  ,v9c5tius ,lir95sis1 ,rup]ti   
,meld5ii ,p>n5sis2 a ,soc9ian ,v]itas   
,pacifica 7& _m su* ( !irs propos+ ill  
t]ms47    #b4 ,betwe5 prote/ants &      
papi/s3 ,?uanus1 ,pi*]ellus1 ,erasmus1  
,wicelius1 ,cass&]1 ,baldw91 ,grotius1  
,dav5port1 alias ,franc4 a  ,sancta     

,cl>a1 ,m4 ,a4 de ,dom4 ,spalat5sis de  
,rep4 ,eccles41 ,guil4 ,=bes  ,episcop4 
,ed9burg5s41 ,dr4 ,hammond1 specially on
 ,!ss4 & ,rev42 b  ,le ,blanc judici\sly
 only by "r /at+ & n>r[+  controv]sies4 
,see ,pet4 ,heyl9 ( ! ,life ( ,ar*bi%op 
,laud1 ,bi%op  ,bramhall4    #c4 ,betwe5
 all prote/ants1 especially ,lu!rans1   
,arm9ians1 & !  re=m$ *ur*es3 ,duru1    
,calixtus1 ,hall's ,peacemak]1 & ,pax   
,t]ris1 ,bi%op ,morton1 ,dav5ant1 &     
,hall toge!r1 _! ,pacific42  ,amyraldus1
 ,junius de ,prdet]m9atione & ,ir5ic41  
,hottonus de  ,tol]antia1 ,p>i ,ir5ic41 
,scultetus 9 ,tit41 all ! judici\s      
,treatises comm5d$ ,,xviii4 ,& ( papi/s 
ab\t ! l  controv]sies2 ,s>nanus1       
,su>ez1 ,arriba1 ,jans5ius1 ,gibieuf4   
,guil4  ,cam]>ius1 ,scotus a ,dola4     
#d4 ,( *ur* gov]nm5t3 ,u%]'s ,r$uction1 
,john ,=bez ,ir5ic41  ,/ill+fleet's     
,ir5ic41 ,hall's ,peacemak] & ,mode/    
,(f]1  ,burr\ghs's ,cure ( ,he>t        
,divisions1 ,matt4 ,newcom5's ,reconcil4
 (  ,presb4 & ,indep41 ,! ,new ,engl&   

,synod's ,prop1 & ! ,def5ce1  ,lloyd4   
,,iii4 ,i h gone s f> 9 ?is second rank1
 t ,i mu/ add b a few  m = ! ?ird1 le/  
,i g above a poor man's libr>y4    ,i4  
,add :5 y come to y\r lexicons1         
,morellius or ,c[p]1 ,beckman de  ,orig4
 ,v]b41 ,phavor9us & ,hesy*ius1 & ,dr4  
,ca/le's ,ori5tal  ,lexicon4    ,,ii4   
,to logicians1 ,d[name1 ,diet]icus1     
,lubl91 ,smigletius1 )  ,ari/otle1      
,claub]gius4    ,,iii4 ,to physics1     
,philoponus1 ,telesius1 ,le ,gr&1       
,c>tesius1 ,regius1  ,h]eboord1         
,sckeggius1 ,gass5dus1 ,patricius1 ,k4  
,digby1 ,:ite4    ,,iv4 ,de corpore     
humano3 ,crook's ,anatomy1 or ,vesalius1
 ,l[] de ,motu  ,cordis1 ,h>vey & ,wallu
 de ,circulat4 ,sang41 ,willis's ,works1
 ,ne$ham  de ,=m4 ,ftus1 ,/5o de        
,musculis1 ,sylvius1 ,horne1 ,bates &   
,glisson1 ,anatom4 ,hepat4 & de         
,ra*itide1 ,:>ton de ,gl&ulis4    ,v4   
,de anima3 ,claud4 ,mamm]tus1 ,nemesius1
 79 ,bibl4 ,pat417 ,plato1  ,plot9us1   
,fromondus1 ,cic]o ,tusc4 ,qu41 ,h4 ,m4 

,,vi4 ,( metaphysics3 ,s*eilbl]1 ,su>ez1
 ,timpl]1 ,burg]sdicius1  ,s5gu]dius1   
,jac*u1 ,gorlu1 ,rits*el1 ,camponella1  
,meurisse4    ,,vii4 ,( *ronology3      
,petavius1 ,u%]'s ,*ronol4 & de ,anno   
,mac$41  ,isaacson's ,*ronol41          
,simpson's ,*ron41 ,b]oaldus1 ,c>ion1   
,scalig] de  ,em5d4 ,tempor4 on ,euseb4 
c41 ,dr4 ,drake2 see ,bell>m94 ,index 9 
,script4 ,eccles4    ,,viii4 ,hi/ory4 ,!
 ,roman & ,greek are kn[n4 ,( ! *ur*2   
,evagrius1  ,gregor4 ,turonicus1 ,paulus
 ,diaconus1 ,luitpr&us1 ,frodo>dus1     
,c$r5us1  ,curopalates1 ,+ulphus1 ,o?o  
,fris5g5s41 ,crantzius1 ,tri!mius1      
,cam]>ius1 ,spondani ,epit4 ,b>onii1    
,luc4 ,osi&]'s ,epit4 ,magdeburg1       
,fox's ,m>tyrology1 ,eb+]'s ,hi/ory (   
,engl&1 ,+ulphus1 ,w4  ,malmsbury1      
,matt4 ,we/m9/]1 ,balu1 ,holl+%$1 ,"l   
,h]b]t's ,life  ( ,h54 ,,vii41 ,! ,lives
 ( ,edw4 ,,vi41 ,q4 ,eliz4 by ,camd51   
,k4 ,james by  ,wilson1 ,k4 ,*>les1     
,cromwell's ,life1 ,pryn's ,hi/ory (    
,bi%ops'  ,treasons1 & ( ,cant]bury's   

7,laud's7 ,doom1 ,heyl9's ,life ( ,laud1
  ,! ,tr\bles at ,frank=t1 ,! ,cabala   
,lett]s4 ,( ,irel&2 ,sir ,john  ,temple1
 ,dr4 ,jones ( ! ,rebellion1 ! ,e>l (   
,orr]y's ,answ4 to a  ,petition4 ,(     
,scotl& & o!r *ur*es2 ,petru's ,hi/ory4 
,also1  ,m>t4 ,crusii ,turcogrcia2      
,kir*] ( ! ,coptics1 ,hornius1          
,ar*otologia ,go?(r$i edit4 #afdi1      
,rovillii promptu>ium ,iconum1          
,v]heid5's ,icones ,!olog4 ,re=mat4     
fol41 ,vossius de ,hi/oricis1  ,bez     
,icones1 ,hosp9ian's ,hi/or4 ,sacram5t4 
et de ,orig4 ,templorum1  ,vossii ,hi/4 
,pelag41 ,gu!rle?'s ,hi/41 ,p>u1 ,ltus1 
,pezelius3 b  !re is no end4    ,,ix4   
,m$ic9e4 ,h]bals2 ,mat?iolus1 ,johnson1 
,g]r>d1 ,p>k9son1  ,langham1 ,mon>dus4  
,disp5satories2 ,london ,physicians'1   
,s*rod]us4  ,anatomi/s be=5am$1 &       
,knoblo*ius4 ,practition]s2             
,hippocrates1  ,gal51 ,celsus1          
,f]nelius1 ,montani ,consilia1 ,crato 9 
,s*oltzii1 ep4 et  ,consil41 ,plat]us1  
,=e/us1 ,sk5kii ,obs]v41 ,holl]ius1     

,s5n]tus1  ,rondeletius1 ,hor/ius1      
,frambass>ius1 ,scoltzii ,aphoris41     
,sol5&]1  ,epiphan4 ,f]d9&us1 ,dodoni   
,praxis1 ,morellius1 ,s*onbornii        
,manual1  ,dorncrellius1 ,conr+ius de   
,f]m5t41 ,fi5us1 ,gordonius2 especially 
,riv]ius1 ,prevotius1 et si vacat1      
,zacutus ,lusitan41 ,h>tman1            
,qu]cetane1 ,crollius1 ,val5t9e1        
,helmont4 ,= surg]y2 ,fabricius         
,hildanus1 ,trigaltius1 ,=e/us1 ,p>u4   
,b ! *ief treatises ( m$ic9e are ^? t   
treat ( p>ticul>  diseases or k9ds2 z   
,c>olus ,piso de ,morbis ,s]osis1       
,eugal5us1  ,m>t9ius1 ,s5n]tus1 c4 de   
,scorbuto1 ,dr4 ,sid5ham de ,febribus1  
,dr4  ,glisson de ,ra*itide1 ,willis de 
,f]m5tatione et de ,febribus1  ,catti]us
 de ,rheumatismo1 ,m>cuccius1 c4 de     
,melan*olia1 ,s*muz51  c4 de ,calculo1  
,capellutus de ,bubon41 ,gu>5ci]'s de   
,tabe ,anglica4 ,x  is too long to "n   
all4    ,s ,rudius de ,pulsibus1 ,=e/us 
de ,ins]t4 ,ur94 judic4 ,sanctorius et  
,opicius de ,m$4 ,/atica1 ,deodatus de  

,ditetic41 ,bacon de ,vita ,longa1      
,v5n]1 ,brunfelsis4    ,x4 ,to politics 
add1 ,?olosanus1 ,al?usius1 ,arnisu1    
,bod9 de ,rep4  ,:ite4    ,to e?ics1    
,buridane1 ,m1 ,w5del9e1 ,danu1         
,gatak]'s ,anton9e1  ,s5eca1 ,plut>*'s  
,morals4    ,,xi4 ,sy/ems ( !ology3     
,synopsis ,leid5sium1 ,lud4 ,crosius1   
,polanus1  ,bucanus1 ,dudley ,f5n]1     
,w5del9e1 ,pet4 ,m>tyr's ,loci ,com41   
,!ses  ,s$an5ses1 ,ant4 ,fayus1         
,melanc?on1 ,gom>us1 ,pezelius1         
,cate*ismus  ,romanus1 ,corpus          
,confessionum1 ,alt+ius1 ,spanhemii     
,disput4 ,snecanus4    ,,xii4 ,*oice    
treatises3 ,p>k] de ,desc5su ad ,inf]os1
 ,g>but ( !  ,resurrection ( ,*ri/1     
,bull+] de ,orig4 ,errorum1 ,m>t9ius de 
,symbol4 et alia41 ,olevian de ,fd]e1   
,s&]son de ,juram41 ,pemble's  ,works1  
all ,m$e's ,works1 ,rivet's ,select     
,disputations1 ,zan*ii ,op]a1  ,dr4     
,field1 all ,dallu1 & ,blondel1         
,turret9e de ,satisfactione4    ,,xiii4 
,comm5tators3 ,dav5ant 9 ,colos41 ,m>tyr

 9 ,rom4 & ,cor41  ,pel>gus 9 ,matt41   
,fayus1 ,scultetus1 ,crocius 9 ,eph41   
,lu!r 9  ,galat41 ,sclat] 9 ,!ss41      
,c>twright & ,fulke on ! ,rhemi/s'      
,notes1 ,ar?4 ,jackson's ,annot41       
,erasmus's ,p>aphrase1 ,illyricus1      
,lightfoot1 ,tessanus1 ,melanc?on1      
,rollocke1 ,manton on ,james & ,jude1   
,amesius on ,pet41 ,lud4 de ,dieu on !  
,revel41 ,m$e1 ,/eph5s1 ,napi]1  ,k4    
,james1 ,brightman2 all ^! on ! ,new    
,te/am5t or "p4 ,&  papi/s2 ,tolet1 7on 
,rom4 c417 ,f]us1 ,brug5sis1 ,montanus1 
,p]]ius1  ,corn4 ,mussus1 ,esp5cu4 ,on !
 ,old ,te/am5t2 ,cajetan1 ,bonfr]ius1   
,p]]ius1 ,paul4 ,fagius1 ,m]c5nus1      
,rivet1 ,masius ,s]r>ius1 ,sanctius1    
,m]c]1 ,amesius1 9 ,psal41 ,amyraldus 9 
,psal41 ,=d 9 ,psal41 ,pemble1          
,br\ghton1 & ,p>k] on ,dan41 ,att]sol on
 ,numb4 c41 ,k+ on ,jonah4  ,if y w\ld h
 m1 see ,bi%op ,wilk9s's ,eccles41 &    
,voetii  ,bibliot4    ,,xiv4 ,subord9ate
 helps = und]/&+ & prea*+4              
,concordances3  ,heb4 ,buxtorf1 ,grc4   

,/ephani1 ,tossani ,index3 ,cl>k's ,holy
 ,oil1  ,wilk9s's ,ecclesia/es & ,gift (
 ,pray]1 ,*appel & ,zepp]'s ,me?od  (   
,prea*+1 ,oliv4 ,b[les1 ,al/$ii ,def9it4
 et ,di/9ct41 ,ca/anei  ,di/4 cum       
,reeb41 ,drusii ,prov4 & ,adag4 ,heb41  
,delrius & ,s*ottus1  ,glassii ,philol4 
,zehn]1 ,capelli ,critica ,sacra1       
,grut]i vel ,langii  ,polyan?41         
,s*otanus 9 ,creat41 ,m\ntague's        
,app>at4 et de ,orig4  ,eccl41 ,franzius
 de ,sacrif41 ,witti*ius de ,/ylo4      
,,xv4 ,( *ri/ian religion2 its def5ce1  
latitude1 & ! infidels &  hea!ns comp>$3
 ,raymundus de ,sabundis ,!olog4        
,natur41 ,pac>dus1  ,aqu9as cont4 ,g5t4 
,pansa1 ,v>5ius de ,relig4 ,indor41     
,bri]wood's  ,inquiries1 ,?om4 a ,sancto
 ,jesu1 & ,aco/a de ,conv]s41 ,breganius
 de  ,!ol4 ,g5til41 ,vossius de         
,idolol41 ,vossius de ,!ol4 ,natura1    
,collius  de ,animabus ,paganorum1      
,eugub9us1 ,fo!rby1 ,m]s5nus 9 ,g5es94  
,,xvi4 ,cases ( consci5ce m3            
,filliucius1 ,tolet de ,sac]dot41       

,reg9ald1 ,cajetan1 ,nav>rus4 ,see      
,montaltus aga9/ ! ,jesuits'  casui/s1 &
 ! ,jesuits' morals1 ,d[name's &        
,:ateley's ,tables on  ! ,comm&m5ts1    
,s&]son de ,juram5to1 & ,fragoso a=5am$4
    ,,xvii4 ,( c\ncils m1 & canoni/s1 & 
liturgies3 ,jus ,ori5tale  ,grcorum p]  
,leunclavium1 ,bo*elli ,decreta ,gallic4
 ,sirmondi ,concil4  ,gall4 ,longus4    
,actus ,conv5tus ,?orun5sis1 ,=mula     
,concordi ,g]m4 ,! ,we/m9/]  ,assembly's
 ,acts1 ,engli% ,canons1 ,fa/i ,siculi1 
,mor9i ex]cit4 ,eccles4    ,zepp]4      
,polit4 ,eccles41 ,hammond1 ,le/range ( 
,liturgies1 ,antiquitates  ,liturgic1   
,cass&]'s ,works1 ,claud4 ,sa9ctes1     
,gavantes de ,ritibus1  ,vicecomes4     
,,xviii4 ,m ( ! fa!rs ,i ne$ n "n2 if y 
c get & read  !m1 y may f9d _! names1 e4
 g4 9 ,bell>m94 de ,script4 ,eccles4    
,get ! ,biblio!c4 ,patrum ( de la       
,bigne1 & ,mac>ius ,hom41 ,ephrem       
,syrus1 7pla9 hone/ ?+s17 ,!odoret1     
,cyril ,hi]os41 ,cyril  ,alex&41        
,isidore ,pelusiota1 ,!ophylact &       

,oecum5ius1 ,s$ulius &  ,primasius1     
,remigius1 ,b$a1 c4 ,b _m ( !m are v    
weak & dry4  ,! *ief use ( ! fa!rs is to
 "k hi/orically :at doctr9e 0  !n       
taught4    ,,xix4 ,s*oolm5 m2           
,bonav5ture1 ,al5sis1 ,cajetan1 ,bannez1
 ,biel1  ,cam]ac5sis1 ,franc4 ,mayro1   
,capreolus1 ,r4 ,arma*anus1 ,bradw>d9e1 
,fab] ,fav5t9us1 ,h]vu1 ,john & ,fr4    
,pici ,mir&ula1 ,fr4 ,victoria1  ,su>ez1
 ,vasquez1 ,alb]t9us 9 ,?om4 ,aquila    
,scottellus3 ,ripalda name?  m if y w\ld
 h m4    ,,xx4 ,antipapi/s2 ,pappus ( _!
 contradictions1 ,g5tiletus1 ,morton's  
,apology & ,gr& ,impo/ure1 ,buck]idge   
,r(f5sis = ,k+s1  ,crak5?orpe1 ,p>u     
cont4 ,bell>m41 ,junius on ,bell>m41    
,birkbeck's  ,prote/ant's ,evid5ce1     
,hunnii ,eccles4 ,rom4 non e/ ,*ri/41   
,hottoman1  ,brutum fulm51 c41 ,eusebius
 ,captivus1 ,joh4 ,crocius de ,s*ismate1
  ,jewel1 all ,:itak]1 ,&rews ,tortura  
,torti1 ,wotton1 ,dr4 ,j]4 ,taylor's    
,dissuasive4 ,b !y are almo/            
numb]less4#dga    ,note #a4 ,t ^! may   

seem too _m1 ?\gh !y are few to a full  
& ri* libr>y4    #b4 ,t x is n my advice
 t y read ov] all ^!1 or half2 =  t w\ld
 b make !m a sn>e = s9n+1 & wa/e ( "t3 b
 a  m9i/] ( ! gospel %\ld h m books by  
him ?an he c read  ov]1 = p>ticul> uses1
 & to see ! au?or's judgm5t             
occasionally1 & to try o!r m5's         
citations4    #c4 ,t a m9i/] mu/ nei!r  
/udy ! matt] )\t ! help (  o!r m5's     
/udies by read+ mu*2 nor yet read mu*   
)\t  /udy+ ! ?+ itself4    #d4 ,t ?\gh a
 man mu/ n speak or write be=e he kn[e? 
:at  & h[1 yet ?us ex]cis+ ! k t we h   
do? greatly  increase x4 ,& no m9i/] mu/
 be /udy+1 :5 he %\ld be  prea*+1 pray+1
 cate*is+1 or visit+1 or in/ruct+ 8     
flock4    #e4 ,x is b few m5 t are born 
) an acum5 fit = writ+s &  controv]sies2
 ^? few mu/ read ! m to be fit = x2 !   
re/  may take up ) su* prep>ations z !y 
h use =1 & ex]cise  !m1 viz4 9 ! pa/oral
 ov]sight ( ! flocks1 & propagat+  pla9 
& necess>y tru?s4 ,& !re=e ?\gh ,i am "o
 t h  be5 ?\ght to burd5 m5's und]/&+s )

 me?ods1  di/9ctions1 directions1 &     
controv]sies1 x is b few t ,i  p]suade  
to use !m2 & am z mu* z any = mo/ m5's  
adh]+ to  pla9 fundam5tals1 & tru?s (   
daily use1 & love & hon\r ^?  t g no    
fur!r1 & are fai?ful 9 ?is "w2 s be x !y
 h  n ! pride to ?9k t !y "k m ?an !y d1
 & to  wrangle aga9/ t :i* !y und]/& n1 
& set n ! *ur*  on fire z anci5t        
ignorance did1 by accus+ ^? ( h]esy t   
knew m ?an !mselves1 :5 !y got b ! ?rone
 or ! major  vote4    #f4 ,t ?\gh ,i    
*iefly comm5d sy/ems ( !ology1 ,i "k n  
"o  ^: me?od satisfie? me1 z well agree+
 ) ,scripture1 & !  matt] 7else ,i _h n 
tr\bl$ myself s mu* to seek a "r me?od1 
& propose :at ,i f\nd74 ,& ,i ?9k no    
common me?od m g5u9e1  ?an !irs t exp\nd
 ! cre$1 ,"l's pray]1 & decalogue1 &  ! 
sacram5ts1 z ! sum ( all4    #g4 ,i     
m5tion none ( my own writ+s1 = x w seem 
vanity2 b1 z  _m z !y are1 ,i wrote none
 :i* ,i ?\ght ne$less at ! "t (  writ+  
!m4    #h4 ,?\gh none %\ld h s great    
fitness = ! holy education (  *ildr5 &  

gov]nm5t ( families z m9i/]s1 yet s     
great is !  "w ( ov]see+ ! flock1       
requir+ m "t & p>ts ?an all  t we h1 & s
 great are ! matt]s ( our /udies &      
lab\rs1  requir+ our total & mo/ s]i\s  
?\ghts1 t ,i e>ne/ly advise  all t c    
possibly1 to live s+le & )\t a family1  
le/ !y  m> _! "w by a divid$ m9d3 ,=    
nunquam b5e fit1 quod fit  proccupato   
animo1 sai? ,hi]om truly4    ,! :ole man
 & :ole "t is all too little 9 s great a
 "w4    #dga ,he t w\ld h m books may   
see ,voetius ,biblio!c4 &  _m o!r       
catalogues4