,illu/ration3 ,! ,glory ( ,autumn ,trees ,trees ,,e ,,*ild ,,%\ld ,,"k ,,easy ,,tree ,,/udies ,,= ,,all ,,seasons ,,( ,,! ,,ye> ,,by ,,julia ,,ell5 ,,rog]s ,illu/rat$ ,illu/ration3 ,grosset ,dunlap ,,new ,,york ,,grosset ,,dunlap ,publi%]s ,,all ,,rights ,,res]v$1 ,,includ+ ,,t ,,( ,,translation ,,into ,,=eign ,,languages1 ,,includ+ ,,! ,,sc&9avian ,,copyright1 #aiji1 ,,by ,,d\bl$ay1 ,,page ,,company ,,publi%$ ,,octob]1 #aiji ,,pr9t$ ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,at ,,! ,,c\ntry ,,life ,,press1 ,,g>d5 ,,city1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,h[ to ,"k ! ,trees #c ,,autumn ,,/udies ,! ,nut ,trees3 ,! ,%agb>k ,hickories #i ,! ,disappo9t+ ,hickories #ab ,! ,black ,walnut #af ,! ,butt]nut #ah ,! ,engli% ,walnut #ai ,! ,*e/nut & ,*9quap9 #bb ,! ,bee* #bf ,! ,wit* ,hazel #bi ,! ,oak ,family #cc ,! ,:ite ,oak ,gr\p3 ,! ,:ite ,oak #cg ,! ,bur or ,mossy-cup ,oak #ci ,! ,live ,oak #da ,! ,po/ ,oak #dd ,! ,swamp ,:ite ,oak #de ,! ,*e/nut ,oak #df ,! ,black ,oak ,gr\p3 ,! ,black ,oak #dg ,! ,r$ ,oak #ej ,! ,sc>let ,oak #ea ,! ,p9 ,oak #eb ,! ,will[ ,oak #ed ,trees ) ,w+$ ,se$s #ee ,tree ,se$s t h ,p>a*utes #fb ,! ,autumn ,b]ries 9 ! ,woods #fd ,! ,*ang+ ,col\r ( ! ,autumn ,woods #gd ,,w9t] ,,/udies ,trees ,we ,"k by ,_! ,b>k #hc ,trees ,we ,"k by ,_! ,%apes #ic ,trees ,we ,"k by ,_! ,?orns #ih ,! ,ne$le-leav$ ,ev]gre5s #aja ,! ,five-leav$ ,s(t ,p9es #ajh ,! ,:ite ,p9e #aji ,! ,great ,sug> ,p9e #aab ,! ,nut ,p9es #aad ,! ,h>d ,p9es #aah ,! ,s\!rn ,pit* ,p9es #aai ,! ,longleaf ,p9e #aai ,! ,%ortleaf ,p9e #aba ,! ,cuban ,p9e #abc ,! ,loblolly ,p9e #abd ,! ,nor!rn ,pit* ,p9es #abe ,! ,c$>s1 ,:ite & ,r$ #abg ,two ,conif]s ,n ,ev]gre5 #aca ,! ,l>*es #aca ,! ,bald ,cypress #acd ,! ,hollies #acf ,! ,burn+ ,bu% #aci ,,spr+ ,,/udies ,! ,awak5+ ( ! ,trees #adc ,trees t ,bloom 9 ,e>ly ,spr+ #adf ,! ,am]ican ,elm & ,its ,k9 #aej ,! ,maple ,family #aed ,! ,will[ ,family #afc ,:y ,trees ,ne$ ,leaves #afi ,leaves ( ,all ,%apes & ,sizes #agc ,,summ] ,,/udies ,trees ) ! ,l>ge/ ,fl[]s #ahc ,trees ,mo/ ,%[y 9 ,bloom #ahi ,trees t ,bloom 9 ,midsumm] #aib ,! ,e>ly ,b]ries 9 ! ,woods #aig ,! ,sassafras #bjj ,! ,a% ,family #bjc ,! ,horse-*e/nut & ! ,buckeyes #bjh ,! ,buckeyes #baa ,! ,locu/s & ,o!r ,pod-be>]s #bad ,wild ,apple ,trees & ,_! ,k9 #bba ,! ,*]ries #bbf ,! ,plums #bbi ,! ,s]viceb]ries #bcb ,valuable ,sap ( ,trees #bcc ,! ,uses ( ,trees #bcg ,id5tification ,keys to ,tree ,gr\ps & ,families #bea ,index #bfa ,,illu/rations ,! ,glory ( ,autumn ,trees ,frontispiece ,,fac+ ,,page ,?ree ,pignuts1 ,?ree ,%agb>ks1 & ,two ,pecans2 ,fl[]+ ,twig ( ! ,%agb>k ,hickory #af ,black ,walnut & ,butt]nut2 ,twig ( ,butt]nut #ag ,buds & ,fl[]s ( ! ,bee* ,tree #cb ,catk9s ( a ,hornbeam & a ,bir*2 ,catk9s & ,acorn ,fl[]s ( an ,oak #cc ,leaves1 ,acorns1 & ,twigs ( ! ,bur ,oak #dh ,! ,horizontal ,limbs ( ! ,p9 ,oak ,=m a ,regul> ,pyramidal ,head #di ,cone ,fruits ( a ,bir*1 a ,p9e1 a ,magnolia1 & a ,fir #fd ,clu/]s ( ! ,w+$ ,se$s ( ,hornbeam & ,:ite ,a% #fe ,! ,fl[]+ ,dogwood ,cov]s ,its ,b>e ,bran*es ) ,blossoms 9 ,may #gf ,fl[]+ ,dogwood1 9 ,fl[] & ,fruit1 ! ,w9t] ,fl[] ,buds1 & ,alligator ,sk9 ,b>k #gg ,we ,recognise ,bir*es by _! ,silky1 ,tatt]$ ,b>k #hd ,! ,bee* ,trunk ,is ,clo!d 9 ,smoo?1 ,pale ,grey ,b>k #he ,! ,loose1 ,/ripp+ ,b>k ,gives ,its ,"n to ! ,%agb>k ,hickory #hf ,b>k ( ,hackb]ry1 ,black ,bir* & ,hornbeam #hg ,w>ty1 ,ridg$ ,b>k ( ! ,sweet ,gum1 ! ,sw++ ,se$ ,balls1 & ,w+$ ,se$s #ij ,b>k & ,se$ ,balls ( ! ,sycamore #ia ,! ,lomb>dy ,popl> #ib ,! ,live ,oak ( ! ,s\? #ic ,fruit+ ,bran* ( a ,cockspur ,?orn #if ,clu/]$ ,?orns on ,trunk ( ,honey ,locu/ ,tree2 ,fl[]s & ,foliage ( ! ,black ,locu/ #ig ,cones ( ,hemlock & ,norway ,spruce #aab ,p9e ,twig ) ,cones1 & ,clu/]$ ,/am9ate ,fl[]s #aac ,?\s&s ( ,little ,balsam ,firs ,supply ! ,m>ket ) ,*ri/mas ,trees #aad ,na?aniel ,haw?orne's ,outdoor ,/udy #aae ,! ,sp9y-leav$1 ,r$-b]ri$ ,holly #abf ,:at ,w\ld ,*ri/mas ,be ,)\t ,holly ,bran*es & ,wrea?s = ,decoration6 #abg 8,! ,grizzly ,giant10 a ,sequoia ,ov] ,?ree ,hundr$ ,feet ,high #abh ,scaly-leav$ ,ev]gre5s #abi ,! ,op5+ ,buds ( ! ,%agb>k ,hickory #add ,catk9s & ,leaves ( ! ,trembl+ ,asp5 #ade ,fl[] ,buds1 ,blossoms1 ,se$s1 & ,leaf ( ! ,am]ican ,elm #adh ,elm ,tree 9 ,bloom #adi ,buds & ,fl[]s ( ! ,r$ ,maple #aef ,se$s ( ! ,r$ ,maple #aeg ,! ,sug> ,maple #agf ,leaves ( ! ,black ,will[2 ,pussy ,will[ ,twigs #agg ,leaves & ,fl[]s ( ! ,e>-leav$ ,cucumb] ,tree #aib ,! ,orange-yell[ ,fl[] ,cups & ,squ>$ ,leaves ( ! ,tulip ,tree #aic ,fl[]s1 ,fruit1 & ! ,?ree ,diff]5t ,leaf ,patt]ns ( ! ,sassafras ,tree #aid ,waxy ,fl[]s ( ! ,ev]gre5 ,magnolia #aie ,fruits1 ,leaves1 & ,fl[]s ( ! ,basswood ,tree #bjf ,! ,*e/nut ,tree #bjg ,an ,old ,apple ,or*>d #bbd ,no?+ ,ta/es z ,good z ,ripe ,apples ,pick$ ,"r (f ! ,tree6 #bbe ,fl[]s & ,fruit ( ! ,wild ,black ,*]ry #bdj ,! ,delicate1 ,:ite ,fl[] ,clu/]s ( ! ,s]viceb]ry ,tree #bda ,,h[ ,,to ,,"k ,,! ,,trees ,! be/ "t to beg9 to /udy ! trees is to-day6 ,! place to beg9 is "r :]e y are1 provid$ !re is a tree ne> en\gh1 = a lesson ab\t trees w be v dull unless !re is a tree to look at1 to ask que/ions (1 & to get answ]s f4 ,b suppose x is w9t] "t1 & ! tree is b>e4 ,!n y h a *ance to see ! wond]ful framework ( trunk & bran*es1 ! way ! twigs spread ap>t on ! out] limbs1 :ile ! great b\ghs ne> ! trunk are almo/ b>e4 ,ea* bran* is try+ to hold its twigs out into ! sun%9e1 & ea* twig is set ) buds4 ,:5 ^! buds op51 & mo/ ( !m s5d out leafy %oots1 ! tree w be a %ady summ]h\se ) a ?ick1 leafy ro( t ! sun _c look ?r\gh4 ,among ! big bran*es ne> ! trunk v few leaves w be f\nd comp>$ ) ! numb] ! out] twigs be>4 ,h[ c we tell :e!r ! tree is alive or dead 9 w9t]8 ,break (f a twig4 ,is !re a lay] ( gre5 j inside ! br[n b>k8 ,?is is ! sign t ! tree is alive4 ,dead twigs are )]$1 & _! buds are n plump & bright4 ,! gre5 is gone f "u ! b>k ( ^! twigs4 ,"u ea* bud is ! sc> ( la/ ye>'s leaf1 & if y look on ! gr\nd y are pretty sure to f9d a dead leaf ^: /em fits exactly into t sc>4 ,if !re are a numb] ( ^! leaves "u ! tree1 y may feel sure t !y fell f ! tree la/ autumn4 ,look c>efully among ! leaves1 & on ! bran*es = ! se$s ( ?is tree4 ,if !re is an acorn left on ! tree1 y may be sure t y h ! tree's "n6 ,! "n is ! ?+ we wi% fir/ to "k :5 we meet a /rang]4 ,if an acorn is f\nd gr[+ on a tree1 t tree has giv5 u its "n1 = trees t be> acorns are all oaks4 ,an acorn is a k9d ( nut1 & !re are _m k9ds ( oaks1 ea* ) its own acorn patt]n1 unlike t ( o!r oaks4 ,yet all acorns sit 9 _! little acorn cups1 & we d n confuse !m ) nuts ( o!r trees4 ,s we "k ! family "n ( all trees ^: fruits are acorns4 ,!y are all oaks1 & !re are fifty k9ds 9 our own c\ntry1 gr[+ wild 9 ,am]ican =e/s4 ,b if ^? ( all c\ntries are c\nt$1 !re are 9 all m ?an ?ree hundr$ k9ds4 ,if1 in/ead ( acorns1 pods hang on ! twigs1 ! tree belongs to ! locu/ family1 relat$ to our g>d5 peas & beans4 ,! signs by :i* we le>n to "k trees are n _m4 ,! b>k ( ! :ite bir* is s silky :ite t ev]ybody kn[s t tree4 ,! sycamore %$s its b>k 9 ?91 irregul> %eets1 leav+ pat*es ( dirty :ite /reak+ ! trunk & limbs1 z if ! tree _h be5 daub$ & spatt]$ ) :itewa%4 ,?is tree is s /rik+ly diff]5t f o!rs t ne>ly ev]ybody kn[s x by "n4 ,or !y call x 8buttonwood40 ,! se$-balls hang on sl5d] /ems1 sw++ 9 ! w9t] w9d4 ,! w9t] signs to notice are ! b>k1 ! buds1 & ! leaf sc>s1 ! %ape ( ! tree1 & ! way x bran*es4 ,! fruit x be>s may be se5 9 summ]1 autumn1 or w9t]4 ,! fl[]s come 9 w>m wea!r1 "s k9ds e>ly1 "s lat]1 & ! leaves are new 9 spr+1 & mo/ trees %$ !m 9 autumn4 ,!re is no "t ( ye> :5 !re are n ?ree or f\r ( ! important signs hung out on e tree to guide ^? :o are try+ to f9d out its "n1 & le>n ! /ory ( its int]e/+ life4 ,& ! f9d+ out ( tree names is n dre>y & h>d1 b a good game to be play$ out-(-doors4 ,,tree ,,/udies ,,9 ,,! ,,autumn ,,! ,,%agb>k ,,hickories ,! be/ hickory nut tree t gr[s wild 9 our ,am]ican =e/s is ! %agb>k1 or %ellb>k4 ,:o says t ! pecan is bett] ?an ! nut ( ! little %agb>k8 ,s\!rn p insi/ ^u ?is1 z ! pecan is ! pride ( ! ,s\!rn /ates4 ,z a compromise we may place side by side ! pecan ( ! ,s\?1 & ! little %agb>k ( ! ,nor?1 & *all5ge ! _w to produce a nut t is wor?y to rank ) ^! two 9 quality4 ,! %agb>k takes its "n f ! tree's habit ( %$d+ ! b>k 9 long1 n>r[ /rips or flakes1 t curl away f ! po9t ( atta*m5t1 b cl+ = mon?s1 p]haps1 giv+ ! trunk a %aggy appe>ance1 & mak+ v easy ! discov]y ( ^! trees 9 a /ret* ( mix$ woodl&4 ,& h[ x does cut & sla% ! /\te/ ( ov]alls to scramble up & d[n "o ( ^! trees8 ,only boys & _! despair+ mo!rs c "k j h[ co/ly a ,saturday aft]noon nutt+ exp$ition c be1 & :y _m a boy f9ds x exp$i5t to come back ) 8 bag ( nuts 9 ! late dusk4 ,o!rwise he might be mi/ak5 = a tramp1 s tatt]$ are 8 clo!s4 ,! smoo? little nuts are angl$ & po9t$1 & :5 !y are ripe1 ! ?ick1 corky1 gre5 husks "p into f\r equal divisions1 & ! nuts fall out4 ,s mu* less tr\ble ?an walnuts1 9 _! spongy husks1 t nev] "p regul>ly1 b wait until !y are torn (f by impati5t boys or squirrels1 or until !y dry & gradually crumble away4 ,! %agb>k hickory is a beautiful tree :5 cov]$ ) its %9+ foliage 9 summ]4 ,ea* leaf is made ( five leaflets on a wiry leaf /em4 ,! ?ree out] leaflets are l>g] ?an ! pair set ne>e/ ! base ( ! /em4 ,! :ole leaf is (t5 m ?an a foot long1 & sometimes !re are sev5 leaflets on ea*4 ,! mo/ wond]ful %agb>k hickory tree ,i ev] saw 0 "o ,i met once at sund[n1 aft] a long walk across c\ntry4 ,x /ood 9 a field1 alone1 & s ne> my home t ,i _h notic$ x almo/ e day ?r\gh a long w9t]4 ,i _h ga!r$ a quantity ( nuts z !y fell 9 ! fro/y autumn days1 & x 0 a race betwe5 me & ! squirrels1 (t51 to see :o %\ld get ! bigg] %>e4 ,i ?9k !y beat me1 :i* is p]fectly "r4 ,i rememb] n[ h[ ri* ! foliage look$ z x sl[ly turn$ f gre5 to gold5 br[n1 & fell 9 a great w9dr[ all ab\t ! %aggy trunk1 z ! nuts rip5$4 ,all w9t] ,i notic$ h[ /rong ! li! limbs 71 & h[ flexible1 z ! w9d twi/$ !m ab\t 9 /orms1 & h[ mu* ( promise !re 0 9 ! great1 scaly buds t tipp$ ! twigs4 ,x 0 late ,april :5 ,i came by4 ,z ,i look$ up into t tree top ! sunlight 0 %9+ ?r\gh1 & at fir/ ,i ?\ght ,i mu/ be dream+4 ,in/ead ( buds1 ,i saw :at seem$ l light$ c&les1 ea* ) a silk5 frill1 l ! recurv$ petals ( an iris1 bel[ ! tip ( flame6 ,i _h nev] se5 a tree ?us illum9at$1 & ! sight 0 en*ant+4 ,! w>m spr+ air _h br\ght out ! hickory buds1 ) ^? ( o!r trees1 & :ile ,i 0 look+ = fl[]s on ! gr\nd1 ! buds above _h swoll51 ca/ (f ! w9t] cov]s1 reveal+ ! silky inn] wrapp+s ( ! "y %oots4 ,! ri* d[nw>d-curv+ 8petals0 7 only ! inn] scales ( ! great buds1 gr[n long & wide1 _! vivid orange sett+ (f ! compact yell[ buds t /ill /ood erect4 ,^! conceal$ ! t5d]1 velvety leaves t 7 soon to be reveal$ ) ! fall+ ( ! leaf scales4 ,i _h nev] se5 a hickory tree op5+ its iris-l buds be=e1 b ,i h nev] miss$ x s9ce4 ,! big %ellb>k1 or %agb>k1 hickory is ! /urdy 8big bro!r0 ( ! little %agb>k4 ,9 e p>ticul> x exagg]ates ! *>act]i/ics ( ! fav\rite among our nut trees4 ,! b>k is m %aggy1 ! tree gr[s l>g]1 ! nuts are bigg]4 ,are !y bett]8 ,no4 ,b !y are mu* ! same 9 flav\r1 & be+ s good & s big1 !y h ! m>ket "n ( 8k+ nuts40 ,! be/ ( !m are ga!r$ 9 ! woods ( ,miss\ri & ,arkansas4 ,! tree is f\nd f ,p5nsylvania we/w>d to ,oklahoma1 b ! lumb] is valuable = ! mak+ ( vehicles & tool h&les1 & s ! trees are n[ sc>ce 9 ! /ates t are olde/4 ,9 w9t] ! big %agb>k trees %[ _! orange-col\r$ twigs4 ,!y are peculi> to ?is "o hickory4 ,! leaf /ems /ay on ! twigs aft] ! leaves fall1 & give ! tree top 9 w9t] a ragg$1 hairy appe>ance1 t mat*es its %aggy trunk4 ,,! ,,disappo9t+ ,,hickories ,! pignut has be5 giv5 ?is ugly "n because f>m]s1 9 ! e>ly days1 turn$ _! pigs into woodl& pa/ures to fatt5 on ! ?9-%ell$ nuts t dropp$ f ?is k9d ( hickory tree4 ,!y are n bitt]1 b m]ely ta/eless1 & x is only a 8gre5horn0 f t[n or city :o w sp5d "t to ga!r ^! poor hickory nuts1 mi/ak+ !m = %ellb>ks4 ,!y are n usually angl$1 b smoo?ly r\nd$1 (t5 pe>-%ap$1 & ! husks are ?94 ,! %agb>ks are 9 husks ne>ly "o-half in* ?ick1 :i* split 9 f\r divisions1 & fall ap>t to release ! ripe nuts4 ,! husks ( pignuts divide b "p way d[n1 & s ! nuts are n fre$ f !m promptly4 ,! k]nels are yell[i% :ite4 ,a look at ! b>k ( a %agb>k hickory1 & !n at a pignut fixes 9 m9d "o ( ! *ief diff]5ces betwe5 ^! trees4 ,! pignut has clean1 smoo?1 grey b>k1 becom+ co>s] & r\gh] ) increas+ age1 b nev] %$d+ its b>k 9 ragg$ /rips z ! %agb>k beg9s to d :5 ! trees are /ill "y4 ,smoo!r foliage & twigs1 small] buds 9 w9t]1 & a m regul> r\nd head make ! pignut a f9e tree to plant on ! lawn1 :]e ! %agb>k w\ld be out ( place1 on acc\nt ( its %aggy1 untidy trunk4 ,ano!r h&some hickory tree ) nuts t are v disappo9t+ to ! memb]s ( a nutt+ p>ty is ! mock]nut1 call$ also ! big bud hickory1 & ! :ite he>t hickory4 ,! la/ "n is wrong because ! he>t wood is br[n1 & x is ! wood ne> ! b>k t is :ite4 ,! tree has ! l>ge/ buds & ! /\te/1 clumsie/ twigs & bran*es 9 ! :ole hickory family4 ,! leaves are correspond+ly l>ge1 sometimes ne>ly two feet long1 ( sev5 to n9e leaflets1 on d[ny1 swoll5 /alks4 ,! catk9s ( ! /am9ate fl[]s are l ?ick1 *5ille fr+es1 six in*es long1 (t5 long]1 hang+ 9 ,may bel[ ! new leaves4 ,! nuts are l>ge & look mo/ promis+ at fir/4 ,! big1 f\r-p>t$ husk is z ?ick z a %agb>k's1 b x does n split all ! way d[n4 ,s ! fir/ difficulty is to get ! nut out ( ! husk4 ,! bony %ell is ! next4 ,x is a/oni%+ly ?ick & h>d to crack4 ,la/ disappo9tm5t ( all1 ! k]nel is at be/ v small1 & n wor? ! tr\ble ( gett+ x out1 ?\gh !re is no d5y+ t x is bett]-ta/+ ?an a pignut1 & almo/ z sweet z a little %agb>k4 ,v (t5 ! %ell conta9s a spongy sub/ance t is ta/eless1 in/ead ( ! k]nel ! pati5t nutt] has a "r to expect4 ,crumple leaflets ( ?is tree 9 y\r h&1 & !y smell fruity1 l an apple4 ,!y turn to yell[ & russet 9 autumn4 ,! bitt]nut is a hickory nut ^: k]nel no squirrel eats4 ,x is z bitt] z gall4 ,?9-%ell$ z a pignut1 & usually less ?an an in* 9 l5g?1 ! nuts are enclos$ 9 ?9 husks1 t diff] f o!rs 9 hav+ ?9 ridges t rise along ! f\r l9es :]e !y split at ! "t ! nuts are ripe4 ,two ( ^! clefts run f>!r d[n ?an ! o!r pair4 ,! nut %ell is ?91 slightly flatt5$ sometimes1 & m>k$ ) d>k l9es4 ,! k]nel is :ite1 & y w nev] ta/e a second "o4 ,! sure sign by :i* to tell ! bitt]nut hickory is ! tap]+1 flatt5$1 yell[ bud4 ,at any "t ( ye> a few1 at lea/1 ( ^! buds are to be f\nd4 ,!y are num]\s f midsumm] till ,may2 aft] t1 a few dormant w9t] buds rema9 to tell ! tree's "n until ! new buds are %[+ 9 ! angles betwe5 leaf & twig ,no o!r hickory has little1 yell[ buds4 ,9 w9t] ! slimness ( ! twigs1 & 9 summ] ! small size ( ! leaflets make ?is ! mo/ delicately built ( ! hickories4 ,! buds are ! smalle/ to be f\nd on a hickory tree4 ,yet x is ! quicke/ to gr[1 & "o ( ! h&some/ trees 9 ! family4 ,because x loves be/ to gr[ ) its roots 9 wet soil1 x is call$ ! swamp hickory4 ,,! ,,black ,,walnut ,no boy or girl :o has ev] gone nutt+ 89 br[n ,octob]'s woods0 c =get ! fruits ( ! black walnut trees t hang l gre5 oranges1 high up on ! ends ( ! bran*es1 & h to be climb$ = & %ak5 d[n4 ,& ea* fell[ on ! gr\nd looks out = 8 own head1 z ! %[] ( nuts comes d[n4 ,oh6 ! ri*1 walnut smell ( ^? juicy husks1 z we bruis$ !m on ! ne>e/ /one1 tore !m (f1 wip+ our damp f+]s on ! grass1 be=e crack+ ! r\gh-%ell$ nuts4 ,! br[n /a9s /ay$ until !y wore (f1 b ! memory ( ! sweet k]nels la/s long]1 & ! pung5t od\r ( ^? nut husks is 9 e twig1 bud1 & leaf ( e walnut tree4 ,bruise any "y %oot1 & by ! od\r ( its sap ! tree's "n may be guess$4 ,!re is ano!r te/ = a walnut tree1 = ^? :o d n "k ! od\r ( ! sap4 ,cut a twig1 & split x4 ,! pi? ( walnut trees is n solid1 b is 9 ?9 plates1 sep>at$ by air spaces4 ,?is is a sure sign4 ,illu/ration3 ,?ree pignuts1 ) husks1 ?ree %agb>ks1 & two pecans2 ,fl[]+ twig ( ! little %agb>k hickory ,illu/ration3 ,black walnut & butt]nut4 ,twig ( butt]nut1 9 w9t] & 9 spr+ ,walnut trees gr[ rapidly1 & are a valuable tree crop to plant4 ,nuts = se$ are pack$ 9 gravel1 & left outdoors ov] w9t]4 ,! /ubborn %ells are crack$ by ,jack ,fro/ 9 su* a way z n to injure ! se$1 :i* is ! meat ( ! nut4 ,! nuts are plant$ 9 spr+ j :]e ! trees are to /&1 = x is mu* bett] = a walnut tree nev] to be transplant$4 ,i h he>d my gr&fa!r tell h[ ! e>ly settl]s 9 ,ohio cle>$ ! ri* bottom l& along ! riv]s4 ,! great trees t _h gr[n1 undi/urb$1 = c5turies1 7 ! 8we$s0 t _h to be cut d[n & remov$1 be=e ! soil c\ld be pl\gh$ & s[$ to oats or :eat4 ,! only way to d ?is 0 to burn ! trees1 by pil+ !m toge!r & fir+ ! pile1 z soon z x 0 dry en\gh to burn4 ,! 8log-roll+s0 7 ! neighb\rhood ga!r+s1 :5 m5 br\ght _! teams & log *a9s1 & work$ l ,trojans1 dragg+ ! logs to ! places select$ = ! giant bonfires1 lat] on4 ,! wom5 & *ildr5 _h a gr& "t1 wat*+ ! m5 at "w1 & prep>+ ! d9n]1 :i* 0 a fea/1 & a great social occasion4 ,! /ump ( _m a noble black walnut tree1 cut d[n a c5tury ago1 has /ood1 undecay$1 until rec5t ye>s4 ,s valuable is its wood t ^! /umps h be5 pull$ up ) exp5sive ma*9]y1 = ! gn>ly-gra9$ roots t are /ill s\nd4 ,cut into ?9 %eets1 ! wood is us$ = v5e]+ furniture4 ,?9k h[ _m millions ( doll>s' wor? ( lumb] w5t up 9 smoke 9 ^? bonfires6 ,black walnut is sc>ce n[1 & c h>dly be b\ght at any price4 ,,! ,,butt]nut ,! butt]nut trees are /ripp$ ( _! fruit 9 ,octob] by boys :o h visions ( long ev5+s1 su* z ,:itti] describes 9 8,sn[ ,b\nd10 ) nuts & apples & cid]1 by a ro>+ fire4 ,"s boys leave ! black walnut trees to o!rs1 & fill _! bags entirely f ! l[1 broad butt]nut trees1 t h m nuts 9 ea* clu/]1 & !y are n s h>d to rea*4 ,_m w say t !y are mu* sweet] & ri*] ?an black walnuts4 ,o!rs d n c>e = !m because !y are s oily4 ,inde$1 !y are call$ 8oil-nuts10 & woe to ! y\ng/] :o has eat5 8all he want$06 ,! butt]nuts are oblong & po9t$ at "o end1 & /icky to ! t\*1 diff]+ 9 ?is p>ticul> f ! globul> fruits ( ! black walnut4 ,! same clammy feel+ makes x unpleasant to t\* ! leaves ( butt]nut tree4 ,! res9\s sap seems to ooze out ?r\gh pores along ! hairy leaf ve9s4 ,9 summ] "t1 :5 ! fuzzy1 gre5 butt]nuts are sc>cely l>g] ?an olives1 & _! %ells are s s(t t a knitt+-ne$le goes ?r\gh )\t any tr\ble1 ! "t = mak+ pickl$ nuts has come4 ,! ga!r+ ( ! clu/]$ gre5 fruit is fun1 b z soon z !y are scald$1 ! 8fur0 has to be rubb$ (f ( ea*1 be=e ! nuts1 husks & all1 are put d[n 9 spic$ v9eg>1 to be us$ z a reli% = s]v+ ) meats ! foll[+ w9t]4 ,! 8furr+0 usually falls to ! *ildr51 & !y get v tir$1 = x is a sl[ & monoton\s job1 :e!r "o uses a co>se t[el or a bru%4 ,h[ev]1 x w\ld be unpleasant to eat a furry nut1 no matt] h[ c>efully ! spic+ 0 done4 ,,! ,,engli% ,,walnut ,! ,engli% walnut trees are gr[n 9 or*>ds 9 ,s\!rn ,cali=nia4 ,^! trees are quick to gr[1 & come e>ly into be>+4 ,:5 y buy a p\nd ( ^! ?9-%ell$ nuts at ! corn] groc]y /ore1 y may well wond] :]e !y grew4 ,p]haps little *ildr5 pick$ !m up "u trees t gr[ 9 ,italy or 9 ,greece4 ,f9e1 l>ge nuts come f ,france1 b none ( !m are rais$ 9 ,engl&4 ,_m ( ! be/ nuts are rais$ 9 ,cali=nia1 :]e m & m trees ( ?is k9d are plant$ ea* ye>4 ,!y gr[ 9 ! ,s\!rn /ates1 b h nev] be5 plant$ on a l>ge scale z a comm]cial nut tree4 ,! ,engli% walnut tree gr[s 9 ,engl&1 b ! nuts nev] h "t to get ripe 9 t climate4 ,!y are ga!r$ gre51 & pickl$1 husks & all4 ,f ,engli% gr&mo!rs we le>n$ to pickle our own butt]nuts :ile ! %ells are /ill s(t4 ,! e>lie/ %ipm5ts ( ! walnuts ( ,europe came into ?is c\ntry f ,engl&4 ,probably m]*ants 9 ,london s5t !m to m]*ants 9 ,new ,york4 ,! deal]s did n ask :]e ^! walnuts grew1 b told p :o ask$ t !y came f ,engl&4 ,?is expla9s ! "n by :i* ev]ybody n[ calls !m4 ,f> back 9 its hi/ory1 ?is tree grew wild 9 ,p]sia1 & on ! wood$ hillsides ( ,asia ,m9or4 ,! p ga!r$ ! nuts = food4 ,x 0 ! cu/om ( visitors to s5d pres5ts ( ^! nuts back to _! fri5ds 9 ,europe :5 !y 7 travell+ 9 ! ,ori5t1 & discov]$ h[ v good ^! unkn[n nuts ta/$4 ,engli%m5 7 among ^! :o 7 l\d 9 praise ( !m4 8,walnut10 ! "n !y gave ! trees1 means 8a nut t comes f a =eign c\ntry40 ,! ,greeks _h call$ x 8,jove's acorn10 = !y c\ld n ?9k ( any o!r "n good en\gh4 ,k+s s5t pres5ts ( nuts to ea* o!r4 ,!n p began to plant nuts1 in/ead ( eat+ !m all1 & gradually all ! w>m] c\ntries ( ,europe f\nd !y c\ld gr[ ^! walnuts4 ,! size & quality ( ! nuts improv$ "u cultivation4 ,n[ !re are _m v>ieties1 all l>g]1 ?9n]-%ell$1 & bett]-flav\r$ ?an ! orig9al wild nuts t /ill gr[ 9 ! =e/s ( ,asia ,m9or4 ,9 ! c5turies :5 ! c\ntries ( ,europe 7 always at w> ) _! neighb\rs1 ano!r reason = plant+ walnut trees 0 discov]$4 ,no wood 0 s good = gun/ocks4 ,no "y man c\ld m>ry until he _h plant$ a c]ta9 numb] ( walnut trees4 ,?is 0 ! law 9 "s c\ntries 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,s multitudes ( ^! trees 7 set out4 ,besides gun/ocks1 walnut wood 0 mu* 9 fa%ion = h&some furniture4 ,a walnut =e/ 0 a v pr(itable crop to raise1 = lumb] alone4 ,a tree t bore su* nuts1 :ile its trunk 0 gr[+ big en\gh to g to ! saw mill 0 d\bly pr(itable4 ,! p ( ! cold] c\ntries 7 ambiti\s to %>e 9 ?is prosp]ity4 ,b an occasional w9t] ( extra sev]ity kill$ ! "y trees4 ,,! ,,*e/nut ,,& ,,*9quap9 ,next to ! hickory nuts1 we mu/ rank ! *e/nuts4 ,"s may give !m fir/ place 9 ! li/ ( ,am]ican nut trees4 ,9 ,engl& ! *e/nut trees "o he>s ab\t are nev] prais$ = _! nuts4 ,engli% boys & girls d n eag]ly plan = half-holidays sp5t 9 ! jolly sport ( *e/nutt+4 ,_! *e/nut trees turn out to be v famili> to our eyes4 ,!y are ! horse *e/nuts t we see s (t5 at home4 ,_! nuts are h&some en\gh1 & q wor? ga!r+ = use 9 "s games1 & j to h & to h&le4 ,b *e/nutt+6 ,t is "o ( ! great joys ( ,octob] 9 our c\ntry1 a ?+ no boy or girl w\ld miss )\t bitt] disappo9tm5t4 ,:ile ! leaves turn yell[ on ! big trees1 *ildr5 & squirrels h _! eyes on ! clu/]$1 sp9y balls at ! ends ( ! bran*es4 8,n yet60 is ! sign !y read z pla9 z pr9t$ words4 ,w>m days come & g1 & ! tree holds out its sign1 ev5 aft] ! leaves beg9 to fall4 ,fa!r & "m say3 8,be pati5t60 ,b !y d n rememb] h[ h>d t is4 ,x is a long "t s9ce !y 7 eight & t5 & twelve ye>s old4 ,!n a cold night comes1 & 9 ! e>ly morn+ a ho> fro/ is disappe>+ z ! sun rises4 ,f\r seams c be se5 on "s *e/nut burs1 & ! impati5t boys ?r[ clubs into ! tree tops4 ,b _! f+]s are sore ) try+ to pry ! burs op54 ,! nuts are *eesy & insipid4 8,j y wait a spell40 ,?is is ! advice ( ,john1 ! ragg$y man1 :o does ! *ores4 8,y c't hurry up *e/nuts4 ,:5 !y're ready1 ,i'll take y :]e y c get a b>rel ( 'em1 & n kill y\rself1 nor ru9 y\r h&s gett9' 'em40 ,he sees ! ris+ tide ( fe> be=e x is express$ 9 words1 & answ]s my/]i\sly3 8,nobody kn[s ! place b me4 ,let ! little fell]s an' ! t[n folks hunt = nuts "u ! trees along ! road4 ,!y'll get a qu>t apiece1 mebby1 if !y "w half a day4 ,! place ,i'm go9' to1 y c scoop 'em up 9 h&fuls40 ,! trees f> back f ! high road are c]ta9ly m g5]\s to ! few :o f9d !m ?an are ! m accessible1 & !re=e m popul> trees4 ,nobody 8scoops !m up 9 h&fuls10 lit]ally1 = !re are ! burs1 q z prickly z be=e !y split _! f\r segm5ts ap>t1 & let ! two or ?ree nuts fall out4 ,c>eful & quick motions are ne$$ to pick up ! po9t$ nuts among ! l>g] burs4 ,b ! game is mo/ absorb+4 ,if ! bags fill sl[ly1 !re is ! consol+ ?\ght t ! %ells are ?91 & ! nuts are almo/ solid meats4 ,! busy pick] /ops n[ & !n to sample a few4 ,!y c]ta9ly are rip] & f9] ta/+ ?an !y 7 a %ort week ago4 ,unop5$ or p>tly op5$ husks are (t5 ga!r$4 ,! nuts w rip5 & roll out on ! attic floor1 or on ! ro( ( ! side por*4 ,few p>ties :o g *e/nutt+ cont5t !mselves ) ! loose nuts !y ga!r4 ,! end ( ! day is a scramble to fill ! bags or baskets ) hulls n yet fully op54 ,mitt5s fac$ ) lea!r or made ( canvas are a good protection = ! h&s4 ,! sadde/ news f ! woods ( ! ,nor!a/ is t a disease t baffles ! tree doctors has attack$ & kill$ all ! *e/nut trees 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! city ( ,new ,york1 & x is m>*+ /eadily we/w>d4 ,x has invad$ ,new ,j]sey & ,p5nsylvania4 ,a fungus attack+ ! liv+ lay] "u ! b>k ( a tree is work+ :]e no rem$y c rea* x4 ,! tree loses vitality1 b only :5 x is f> gone does ! disease break ?r\gh ! b>k1 & %[ itself z small1 yell[ pimples on ! smoo? b>k ( ! bran*es4 ,out ( ^! op5+s ! spores escape1--m9ute g]ms ( ! disease4 ,! w9d scatt]s !m4 ,s d birds1 insects1 & squirrels4 ,!y lodge 9 cracks 9 ! b>k ( o!r trees4 ,only *e/nut trees cat* ! disease1 ?\gh ! g]ms fall ev]y:]e4 ,:5 x progresses f> en\gh to produce a mat ( fungus t encircles ! trunk1 ! tree is girdl$1 its food supply is cut (f1 & dea? results4 ,! *9quap9 is a ,s\!rn tree1 :i* closely resembles ! *e/nut4 ,x is usually %rubby & dw>f$ 9 all ( its p>ts4 ,! nuts are ab\t z l>ge z our little hazel nuts1 & ea* is alone 9 a sp9y husk t p>ts into halves :5 mature4 ,five or six ( ^! little burs are (t5 borne on a s+le /alk4 ,9 ,arkansas ! tree rea*es m$ium size1 b 9 ! ,ea/ x is famili> z a scrubby tree t s5ds up suck]s f ! roots & =ms ?ickets1 l hazel bru%4 ,poor folks 9 ! ,s\? h "t to ga!r ^! little nuts1 :i* appe> on m>ket day 9 _! season 9 "s cities & t[ns4 ,!y are sweet1 & "s p ?9k !y are bett] ?an *e/nuts4 ,,! ,,bee* ,lea/ ( all ! nuts good to eat t gr[ 9 our mix$ woods is ! fruit ( ! grey-trunk$ bee*es4 ,9 nutt+ "t ! bee* tree's cr[n ( gre5 is almo/ z clean & bright z 9 midsumm]4 ,! silky leaves are little torn by ! w9d4 ,!y turn to a beautiful pale yell[1 & become ?9 & pap]y z ! gre5 pulp is drawn back into ! twigs4 ,few p see ! sp9y gre5 burs on ! ends ( side twigs 9 summ]1 ev5 ?\gh ! crop ( nuts be heavy4 ,9 ! autumn ! br[n sp9y husks op54 ,_! f\r divisions fl>e outw>d1 & two triangul> br[n nuts are releas$4 ,almo/ unnotic$ !y drop on ! gr\nd "u ! tree4 ,!y are s little t ! w9d helps to scatt] !m 9 ! woods ar\nd4 ,! %ift+ leaf c>pet sifts !m ?r\gh1 & we %all h to hunt = !m1 ev5 "u ! p>5t trees4 ,i ne$ n tell any boy or girl h[ good & sweet ^! bee* nuts are1 & h[ well !y repay ! tr\ble ( gett+ ! k]nels out ( ! ?91 triangul> %ells4 ,yet p ga!r !m less frequ5tly ?an !y d *e/nuts1 because x is sl[ "w1 & !re is m accompli%$ "u trees ^: nuts are l>g]4 ,! e>ly settl]s fatt5$ _! pigs 9 autumn by turn+ !m into ! woods4 ,bee* trees made ! be/ possible pa/ure = ?is purpose4 ,! flav\r ( bee* nut bacon is exceptionally delicate1 & has an extra high m>ket value4 ,squirrels & all ( ! small] furry-coats take ! "t & tr\ble to ga!r & ho>d quantities ( bee* nuts among _! w9t] /ores4 ,=tunate = ! bee* tree1 its nuts w gr[ ev5 9 ! %ade4 ,we %all f9d a fruit+ bee* tree surr\nd$ by its *ildr5--sapl+s ( all ages1 com+ up f se$s ( v>i\s s[+s4 ,by scrat*+ c>efully among ! dead leaves 9 spr+1 we %all f9d1 among ! gap+ burs1 ! "y trees at ! v beg9n+ ( _! lives4 ,! nuts h slipp$ d[n into ! damp leaf m\ld1 & ! melt+ ( sn[1 & ! w>m spr+ air h />t$ !m gr[+4 ,! triangul> %ell cl+s to ! top ( ! /em1 :ile ! root is gett+ a foo?old4 ,a pair ( broad se$ leaves1 totally unlike ! leaves ( ! bee* tree1 unfold4 ,! spread+ ( ^! se$ leaves soon splits ! walls ( ! nut-%ell helmet4 ,little bee* trees at ?is age are v weak & helpless1 b pati5t & /ruggl+4 ,_! pale leaves turn gre5 z ! root goes deep] d[n1 & draws food f ! soil4 ,a %oot be>+ true bee* leaves rises f ! tip1 betwe5 ! se$ leaves4 ,! /em /raight5s1 & gr[s tall1 ! se$ leaves )]1 &1 unless x has bad luck1 or "s accid5t befalls x1 ! little tree is a long1 leafy :ip by ! end ( ! season1 & "u ea* gre5 leaf is a long bird's-claw bee* bud1 j l ^? on ! p>5t trees4 ,9 ^! buds are leafy %oots :i* w be side bran*es dur+ ! foll[+ summ]4 ,bee* nuts are /ill "o ( ! ma9 foods ( _m wild animals4 ,9 ! e>li] days !y _h mu* great] importance1 = nuts 7 "o ( ! natural foods ^u :i* ! human race subsi/$ be=e ! days :5 m5 became civilis$4 ,!y dep5d$ ^u foods :i* ,nature provid$1 & ate !m )\t cook+4 ,acorns s]v$ ! same important purpose4 ,we _c g back to ! days :5 m5 liv$ 9 caves1 & dress$ 9 ! sk9s ( wild animals1 & liv$ ^u foods l nuts & b]ries1 & ! fle% ( wild bea/s4 ,b 9 camp+ out we return z closely z possible to ! simple life ( ^! wild ance/ors ( ours4 ,x is good to "k :at foods ! =e/ (f]s to hungry m5 & bea/s4 ,"s day we may be lo/ 9 ! woods4 ,we may come to an oak tree1 & attempt to eat its acorns1 b f9d !m bitt]4 ,x is well to "k t ! oaks ) f+]-po9t$ leaves be> acorns t are sweet & good4 ,x is only ! oaks ) sp9y-lob$ leaves ^: acorns are bitt] & unfit = food4 ,bee* trees (f] no food to a hungry p]son1 unless he kn[s h[ little ! nuts are1 & h[ !y hide by slipp+ "u ! leaves :5 !y fall4 ,to "k trees is delightful at any "t1 & 9 any place4 ,to "k !m :5 "o is lo/ 9 a =e/ is (t5 ! means ( sav+ "o's life4 ,! =e/ /ill fe$s ! hungry1 b only ^? :o "k ! trees are able to f9d ^! /ores ( food :5 !y ne$ !m4 ,,! ,,wit* ,,hazel ,! wit* hazel is inde$ ! wit* ( ! woods4 ,x turns ! ye> up-side-d[n1 by blossom+ 9 ,octob]1 at ! same "t t x is rip5+ its se$s4 ,= ?is reason e *ild :o lives 9 a region :]e ?is little tree gr[s %\ld "k ! wit* hazel4 ,! bett] p "k x1 ! m wond]ful !y f9d x4 ,x has _m odd habits & secrets1 :i* x w reveal only to ^? :o come & ask que/ions1 & keep _! e>s & eyes wide op5 to cat* ! answ]s4 ,9 spr+ ! wit* hazel hides "u its gre5 leaves1 & attracts no att5tion f ^? :o h come out to see ! great procession ( ! spr+ fl[]s1 "u foot1 & ov] head4 ,x is simply a "p ( ! und]gr[?1 a %rubby little tree4 ,b come 9 ,octob]1 to ! same place4 ,! acorns are dropp+ f ! oak1 ! foliage ablaze ) col\r1 or fad$ & fall+4 ,!re are no fl[]s ov]head1 b a few belat$ a/]s & gold5rods "u foot4 ,squirrels are busy hid+ w9t] /ores1 ga!r$ "u ! nut trees1 & on ! wild haw?orns4 ,a ?icket ( wit* hazel is sl[ly dropp+ its yell[+ leaves4 ,y might n h notic$ x at all1 _h n "o ( ! trees sudd5ly call$ att5tion to itself by tweak+ y\r e>6 ,x is su* a surprise to feel 9 ! sil5t woods ! %>p /+ ( a %ot f a sil5t air gun4 ,y /& /ill1 li/5+1 & feel+ ( y\r e>4 ,x is a f9e fro/y ,octob] day1 & /ill4 ,z y li/51 ano!r %ot /rikes ! dead leaves at y\r feet4 ,:]e d !y come f8 ,?is "q y w probably n be able to answ] at once2 b :ile y are look+ 9 ! bu%es f :i* ! missile seem$ to come1 ?9k+ to r\t "s jok] f 8 ambu%1 y discov] ! blossoms ( ! wit* hazel4 ,ea* "o is wav+ f\r little yell[ petals1 & among ^! delicate blossoms ! bullet pods are bun*$4 ,"s ( ^! are yawn+ wide op51 ea* %[+ two empty se$ pockets1 b y d n f9d any se$s4 ,cut a bundle ( ^! ?+s1 & c>ry !m home4 ,put !m 9 a vase ( wat]4 ,! delicate fragrance ( ! fl[]s w g ?r\gh ! h\se1 & e "o w m>vel t any tree or bu% c be f\nd 9 blossom at ! v end ( ! ye>4 ,n[ ! /range/ ?+ w happ54 ,above ! quiet talk ar\nd ! ev5+ lamp s\nds ! %>p click1 z ( a bit ( metal1 or a bead /rik+ ! wall ) consid]able =ce4 ,e "o sits up to li/54 ,a second click1 ?is "t on ! glass cov]+ a picture1 is locat$1 & a little black object1 small] ?an an apple se$1 po9t$ & tipp$ ) :ite1 is pick$ up f ! floor4 ,x is ?is se$ :i* 0 ?r[n aga9/ ! glass2 & x does n require a ,%]lock ,holmes to prove t x came out ( "o ( ! wit* hazel se$ pods4 ,if ea* p]son takes a twig1 & keeps an eye ^u ! pods1 t %[ a slight op5+1 m ?an "o ( ! pods w be se5 :5 !y bur/1 & ?r[ _! se$s4 ,! w>m? ( ! indoor air spr+s ! trigg]1 & ! t9y projectiles fly4 ,h[ surpris$ ! squirrels mu/ be :5 ! wit* hazel guns are bomb>d+ ! dry leaf c>pet ( ! woods6 ,h[ mu* pleasure x gives y to take y\r fri5ds to ! ?icket1 & expla9 to !m ! mean+ ( ^? scatt]+ %ots ! pods are fir+ ea* crisp autumn day6 ,if x is ra9y wea!r ! pods w all be clos$4 ,b let ! sun come out1 & dry !m1 & ! game beg9s aga94 ,c any "o wond] t wit* hazel trees gr[ 9 companies8 ,ea* little tree fl+s its se$s 9 all directions1 & = ea* se$ plant$ a little tree may come4 ,tw5ty feet f ! p>5t tree ! pods are able to ?r[ _! se$s4 ,extract ( wit* hazel is obta9$ by boil+ twigs & leaves ( ?is tree 9 a /ill ) alcohol4 ,! ,indians taught :ite m5 t ?is plant conta9$ a drug :i* _h soo?+ & curative p[]s :5 rubb$ ^u spra9s & bruises4 ,:e!r !re is any tru? 9 ?is notion or n1 ! belief is /ill /rong1 & p cont9ue to rub extract ( wit* hazel on _! bruises1 ev5 ?\gh _m doctors say !re is no?+ m$ic9al 9 x b ! alcohol4 ,illu/ration3 ,! bee* tree op5s its two k9ds ( fl[]s aft] ! long1 po9t$ w9t] buds h op5$1 & ! l5g!n+ %oot has spread out its leaves4 ,illu/ration3 ,catk9s1 /am9ate & pi/illate1 ( a hornbeam & a bir*2 catk9s & acorn fl[]s ( an oak ,9 ,engl& ! wit* elm corresponds to our own wit* hazel4 ,no "o 9 ! m9+ regions w\ld d>e to s9k a %aft = coal unless he _h w>rant = do+ s f ! actions ( a div9+ rod 9 ! h&s ( a compet5t p]son4 ,9 o!r regions ! digg+ ( a well dep5ds ^u ! same ?+1 & ?is idea prevails 9 _m p>ts ( ?is c\ntry4 ,an old fell[ :o c 8wat] wit*0 may be f\nd 9 mo/ old-fa%ion$ communities4 ,if y wi% to dig a well1 y mu/ call on him to locate ! site4 ,he cuts a y-%ap$ twig f ! wit* hazel1 trims x1 & is ready = ! c]emony4 ,grasp+ "o ( ! two tips 9 ea* h&1 & hold+ ! ma9 /em erect1 he paces ov] ! gr\nd y h *os54 ,9 8 rigid h&s ! supple twigs wav]1 & f9ally ! w& b5ds d[nw>d4 ,?is1 accord+ to popul> belief1 is ! prop] place to f9d good wat]1 & pl5ty ( x4 ,! wat] wit* moves away1 aga9 hold+ ! /em erect4 ,he comes back f9ally1 & z he crosses ! spot aga91 ! w& goes d[n4 ,n[ e "o is sure t ?is is ! spot1 & ! well is dug4 ,if ! se]'s pr$iction comes true1 8 reputation improves1 & sc(f]s conc$e t 8!re may be some?+ 9 x1 aft] all40 ,9 regions :]e ! wit* hazel does n gr[1 a twig ( wild plum tree w d4 ,,! ,,oak ,,family ,! fifty k9ds ( oak trees t are native to ,am]ica are ab\t ev5ly divid$ on ! two sides ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,no ,we/]n oaks are f\nd 9 ! ,ea/]n /ates1 & none ( our ,ea/]n k9ds gr[s wild on ! o!r side ( ! m\nta9s4 ,! backbone ( ! cont95t is a b> t nei!r gr\p has be5 able to pass4 ,to "k fifty diff]5t k9ds ( oaks by sight1 s z to call ea* "o by its "r "n1 is n an easy task2 & yet x is n s difficult z x at fir/ might seem4 ,to beg9 )1 any tree we meet1 :i* be>s acorns1 we at once recognise z an oak4 ,by ?is "o sign1 we are able to set ?is great family ap>t f e o!r tree4 ,z soon z !y are old en\gh1 all oaks be> acorns4 ,if a tree :i* we suspect to be an oak has no acorn to %[ u1 on or "u ! tree1 a little close look+ w usually f9d "s acorn cups /ill hang+ on1 or ly+ :]e !y fell ^u ! gr\nd4 ,! leaves ( oaks are di/9ctive4 ,9 g5]al1 !y are all simple1 & _! outl9e is oval4 ,! bord]s are v>i\sly cut by deep or %all[ bays1 betwe5 %>p po9ts or r\nd+ f+]-l lobes4 ,!y are lea!ry 9 texture1 comp>$ ) leaves ( mo/ trees4 ,aft] a little practice1 we le>n to recognise oak leaves1 no matt] h[ v>i\sly cut _! bord]s may be4 ,9 spr+ ! fl[]s ( oaks come out ) ! leaves4 ,a fr+e ( catk9s at ! base ( ! new %oot is compos$ ( poll5-be>+ fl[]s4 ,9 ! angles ( ! new leaves f>!r up ! /em1 we %all f9d ! little acorn fl[]s1 usually 9 twos4 ,?is is ! fl[] arrangem5t ( all ! oaks2 /am9ate & pi/illate fl[]s on ! new %oots1 sep>ate & v diff]5t f ea* o!r1 b always close toge!r1 & always bo? k9ds on ea* tree4 ,! fr+e ( catk9s falls z soon z ! poll5 is %$4 ,little1 r$1 =k$ tongues are ?ru/ out by ! pi/illate fl[]s to cat* ! gold5 du/ :5 x is fly+ ?r\gh ! air1 & ?us to set se$4 ,all ?r\gh ! summ]1 ! little acorns are gr[+4 ,we c f9d !m 9 _! t9y cups 9 ! angles ( ! leaves4 ,9 ! autumn ! acorns are ripe1 & fall+4 ,"s trees w %[ acorns ( two sizes1 half-gr[n ones on ! new %oots1 & full-siz$ ones on ! b>e twigs1 j back ( ! new %oots4 ,?is peculi>ity divides ! oak family into two great gr\ps4 ,"o gr\p is compos$ ( trees :i* h light-col\r$ b>k1 be> a crop e ye>1 & 9 w9t] are b>e ( fruit4 ,?is is kn[n z ! ,:ite ,oak ,gr\p4 ,its leaves h r\nd$ m>g9 lobes :i* d n end 9 %>p po9ts1 z _m ( ! lobes ( oak leaves d4 ,all ( ! oaks ^: leaves h po9t$1 sp9y lobes on _! m>g9 belong to ! ,black ,oak ,gr\p4 ,! b>k ( ^! trees is usually d>k-col\r$4 ,! acorns require two ye>s ( gr[?4 ,= ?is reason1 !re are half-gr[n acorns on ! tree all w9t]1 wait+ = ! second summ] to br+ !m to maturity4 ,e autumn ! acorns :i* are ripe are f\nd on ! twigs j back ( ! leafy %oots1 :i* grew dur+ ! pa/ summ]4 ,^! acorns h complet$ _! second ye> ( gr[?4 ,:5 we he> any "o speak ( annual-fruit$ & bi5nial-fruit$ oaks1 we "k t ! ,:ite ,oak & ,black ,oak ,gr\ps are meant4 ,if y see an oak tree ^: leaves are cut into %>p po9t$ lobes1 y w f9d acorns ( two sizes on its twigs4 ,if y look across ! f5ce & see a pale-b>k$ oak ) f+]-lob$ leaves1 & n a sp9y po9t on _! m>g9s1 y w "k t acorns ( b "o size w be f\nd4 ,fix ^! ?ree po9ts 9 m9d4 ,!n /udy all ! oak trees y c f9d4 ,trees ( ! ,:ite ,oak ,gr\p h3 #a4 ,r\nd$ lobes on _! leaf m>g9s4 #b4 ,acorns ripe 9 a s+le season4 #c4 ,pale-col\r$ b>k4 ,trees ( ! ,black ,oak ,gr\p h3 #a4 ,sp9y-po9t$ lobes on _! leaves4 #b4 ,acorns requir+ two seasons to rip54 #c4 ,d>k-col\r$ b>k ,,! ,,:ite ,,oak ,^? :o "k trees be/ agree t !re is no nobl] broad-leav$ tree 9 ! ,am]ican =e/s ?an ! ,:ite ,oak4 ,tree lov]s 9 ,engl& h b "o native oak ^u :i* to sp5d _! loyal devotion1 ! tree wor%ip inh]it$ f ,druid ance/ors1 ^: temples 7 _! sacr$ groves ( oaks4 ,! same feel+ is 9 our blood1 & r\s$ at sight ( an ag$ :ite oak1 ) /\t1 buttress$ trunk1 & great horizontal limbs support+ a r\nd$ dome1 mu* broad] ?an high4 ,! tree is grey 9 w9t]4 ,x /&s b>e ( leaves1 clo!d 9 its pale1 scaly b>k4 ,?is is ! "t to /udy ! framework ( ! dome4 ,! limbs are twi/$ & gn>l$1 & _! bran*es end 9 d5se ?ickets ( twigs4 ,ea* twig be>s ! w9t] buds1 & five buds are clu/]$ at ! tip ( ea*4 ,9 spr+ ^! buds op51 & a leafy %oot comes out ( ea*4 ,at ! base are ! yell[1 fr+$ catk9s ( ! /]ile fl[]s1 & above !m1 9 ! angles betwe5 leaves & twig1 ! f]tile fl[]s ?ru/ out =k$ tongues = poll54 ,^! w be acorns next autumn1 if ! poll5 falls ^u !m1 & ?us sets se$4 ,all summ] ! leaves are gre51 ) pale l9+s1 & :5 summ] ends1 !y turn to ri* %ades ( purpli% r$4 ,! sweet acorns are ripe1 & z !y fall1 ?rifty squirrels are all ab\t1 ga!r+ !m into _! hidd5 /ore-h\ses = w9t] use4 ,pl5ty ( ! ?91 %all[ cups we %all f9d1 b ! k]nels are sc>ce1 unless we come :5 !y are fall+ 9 ,octob]4 ,! ,indians taught ! e>ly coloni/s 9 ,am]ica to use acorns ( ?is species = food4 ,!y boil$ !m1 l hom9y1 & f\nd !m n only n\ri%+1 b good to eat4 ,if y f9d solit>y :ite oaks gr[+ "h & !re 9 a mix$ woods1 y may wond] h[ !y 7 plant$ ?us4 ,! tree _c scatt] its own se$s4 ,x dep5ds ^u ! "w ( scamp]+ nut-ga!r]s1 9 fur coats1 t put away m acorns ?an !y c eat dur+ ! long w9t]4 ,an acorn t is left ov] 9 "o ( ! d>k pockets along a squirrel's run-way spr\ts 9 ! spr+1 & 9 a few ye>s x is a /urdy oak sapl+4 ,all oaks are dep5d5t on outside help 9 plant+4 ,:ite oak lumb] is v high-pric$4 ,! wood ( ?is tree we r>ely see n[adays except 9 ! mo/ exp5sive oak furniture4 ,! beautiful sat9y /reaks t are ! *ief ornam5t ( ! gra9 9 poli%$ table tops1 are b&s ( fibres t radiate f ! c5tral pi? to ! b>k4 ,:5 oak is 8qu>t]-saw$10 ^! pi? rays1 call$ 8mirrors10 %[ to be/ advantage4 ,!y are mo/ num]\s 9 ! wood ( ! :ite oak4 ,,! ,,bur ,,or ,,mossy-,,cup ,,oak ,! l>ge/ acorn ,i "k is ! fruit ( ! bur oak1 & x is borne 9 a mossy cup1 inde$4 ,! cup's scales are drawn out into long1 hairy po9ts1 & ^? ne> ! rim =m a loose fr+e4 ,once 9 a :ile y may f9d an acorn almo/ cov]$ up 9 its husk4 ,b z a rule1 ! nut is a little m ?an half-cov]$4 ,sometimes ^! nuts are two in*es long1 b ?is is n usual4 ,!y are ov] an in* long1 & almo/ z broad1 & ! meat is :ite & sweet4 ,no wond] squirrels h>ve/ ! crop1 & "y trees spr+ up :]ev] an acorn is miss$ by ! hungry creatures4 ,! bur oak is a %aggy tree1 = x %$s its b>k 9 big flakes1 l ! sycamore4 ,! small bran*es are /\t1 & _! b>k is develop$ into corky w+s1 l ! sweet gum4 ,! tree is irregul> 9 %ape1 too1 its gn>l$ limbs are ?r[n out 9 any direction1 & s ! top is (t5 unsymmetrical4 ,b x is a rugg$ & picturesque tree1 9 spite ( all its faults1 & x adds beauty ( an unusual k9d to p>ks & woodl&s4 ,9 ,si\x ,city1 ,i[a1 an ag$ bur oak /&s 9 ,riv]side ,p>k4 ,x is call$ 8,! ,c\ncil ,oak10 = x 0 a v5]able tree 9 ! days :5 ! ,indians liv$ on ! banks ( ! ,miss\ri ,riv]4 ,"u ?is tree _! *iefta9s us$ to meet ! :ite m51 & talk ov] ! que/ions t int]e/$ bo?4 ,"h treaties 7 drawn up & sign$ t kept peace betwe5 ! r$ & :ite m54 ,i promise a great deal ( pleasure to any "o :o plants a mossy-cup acorn4 ,! se$l+ tree is wond]fully vigor\s 9 gr[?4 ,! leaves are (t5 a foot long 9 ! fir/ ye>s ( ! tree's life4 ,! blades are ?ick1 lu/r\s above1 & woolly l9$1 ! f+] lobes irregul>1 & two opposite1 deep s9uses ne> ! middle ( ! leaf cut x almo/ 9 two6 ,be=e ! tree is m ?an a sapl+ x blossoms & be>s big acorns 9 _! h&some mossy cups4 ,!re is no /age 9 ! life ( "o ( ^! oaks t is n beautiful & int]e/+4 ,?is tree is f\nd f ,nova ,scotia to ,we/]n ,texas4 ,x =ms =e/s 9 ,w9nipeg1 & 8oak op5+s0 9 ,m9nesota & ,dakota4 ,x is z mu* at home 9 ! hot1 arid /ret*es ( ! pla9s ( ! ,we/ & ,s\?we/ z 9 ! raw1 damp air ( ! ,new ,engl& coa/s4 ,9 ! ri* valley ( ! ,ohio ,riv] x rea*$ ne>ly two hundr$ feet 9 height 9 ! virg9 =e/s4 ,unlike _m oaks1 x may be safely transplant$ :ile "y4 ,,! ,,live ,,oak ,! citiz5 ( ,new ,orleans takes 8 ,nor!rn visitors to ,audubon ,p>k1 & po9ts ) pride to ! giant live oak trees4 ,he does n hesitate1 = he kn[s t ! noble pair call$ 8,george ,wa%+ton10 & 8,m>?a ,wa%+ton10 ?\gh crippl$ n[ by tornadoes1 are m not$ ! c\ntry ov] ?an any monum5t or build+ 9 ?is fam\s old city4 ,9 ,*>le/on & o!r ,s\!rn cities x is ! same4 ,fam\s old live oaks adorn ! p>ks & av5ues1 & ! same trees are plant$ ye> by ye> to take ! places ( ! vet]ans :5 age & /orms %all make an end ( _! long lives4 ,^! trees we> a cr[n ( gre5 ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,! leaves la/ b "o ye>1 b !y cl+ to ! twigs & rema9 gre5 until !y are gradually pu%$ (f by ! op5+ ( new leafy %oots4 ,9 spr+ ! new leaves are mu* bright] ?an ! d>k] old ones4 ,ev]y:]e ! trees are drap$ ) ! sage-gre5 ropes ( 8,spani% moss10 :i* is n a moss at all1 b a fl[]+ plant t /eals its liv+ by lodg+ its roots 9 crevices 9 ! b>k ( trees4 ,! live oak acorns are da9ty1 d>k-br[n nuts1 set 9 ho>y1 long-/emm$ cups4 ,ea* ye> !re is a good crop ( acorns1 & !y are sweet1 & pleasant to ! ta/e4 ,! ,indians dep5d$ ^u !m = food1 roa/+ or boil+ !m4 ,!y also skimm$ ! boil+ pot to collect ! oil1 :i* ! e>ly coloni/s said 0 mu* l oil ( almonds4 ,! 8knees ( oak0 t e>ly %ip-build]s us$ to brace ! sides ( vessels1 7 tak5 f live oak trees1 :]e ! great b\ghs spr+ out f ! %ort1 /\t trunks4 ,?is natural jo9t is bett] ?an any bolt$ union ( two pieces ( timb]4 ,! sc>city ( ^! trees makes x impossible n[ to supply ^! knees1 b no /eel frame s]ves ! purpose q s well4 ,! wood is z beautiful z :ite oak = ! mak+ ( h&some furniture1 ?\gh x splits m easily1 & is h>d] = ! cab9et-mak] to use4 ,! tree gr[s ?r\gh\t ! ,s\? to ,texas2 also 9 ,mexico1 & ,l[] ,cali=nia4 ,its ,nor!rn limit is ,virg9ia4 ,a fri5d :o has = a ne> neighb\r ! maje/ic ,mc,donough ,oak1 patri>* among ! noble live oaks ( ! ,audubon ,p>k1 ,new ,orleans1 writes int]e/+ly ( ! habits ( ?is species4 8,! live oak %$s its leaves 9 ! spr+1 j be=e ! new leaves op54 ,s1 = a brief "t ! tree /&s leafless4 ,9 ?is p]iod1 h[ev]1 ! tree puts out catk9s 9 great abundance1 s t ! tree does n appe> b>e4 ,^! catk9s are light br[n1 & h a s(t1 velvety appe>ance1 & a tree has an absolute *ange ( col\r4 ,dur+ ?is blossom "t ! spl5did =m ( ! trunk & ! great limbs is reveal$4 ,:5 ! new leaves appe>1 ! framework ( bran* & b\gh is conceal$ by leafage s d5se z to be imp5etrable to sun or eye4 ,! tree is a symmetrical1 %9+ gre5 dome4 ,! cr[n ( ! ,mc,donough oak is ov] two hundr$ feet 9 diamet]40 ,,! ,,po/ ,,oak ,! po/ oak1 a small1 rugg$ tree1 is noticeable 9 w9t]1 because its leaves usually hang on until ! op5 buds 9 spr+ pu% !m (f4 ,! col\r ( ?is w9t] foliage is yell[i% br[n1 & n at all /rik+ nor beautiful4 ,! b>k is br[n & deeply furr[$4 ,! twigs we> a yell[ fuzz4 ,! leaves are co>se1 /iff & r\gh1 f\r to five in*es long1 tap]+ f ?ree broad1 squ>i% lobes to a n>r[ base1 & a %ort leaf /alk4 ,!y are l9$ ) br[ni% wool1 & are d>k gre5 & %9+ above 9 summ]4 ,! acorns ( ! po/ oak are borne 9 a pl5tiful annual crop4 ,ea* is da9ty & trim1 9 a %all[ cup ( loose1 blunt-po9t$ scales4 ,! k]nel is sweet4 ,9 ! days :5 wild game roam$ ! woods1 wild turkeys fatt5$ on ^! acorns1 & "s p call ! tree ! 8turkey oak40 ,ano!r "n = ?is tree is 8iron oak10 = its wood is h>d1 & heavy1 & close-gra9$4 ,x makes admirable po/s & railroad ties1 because x does n rot 9 contact ) wat]4 ,x is us$ 9 boat-build+1 & = b>rel /aves4 8,knees0 ( po/ oak 7! angles betwe5 trunk & bran*7 =m mo/ admirable timb]s to be us$ 9 ! framework ( boats4 ,,! ,,swamp ,,:ite ,,oak ,! swamp :ite oak is a rugg$ & ragg$ tree1 ) droop+ bran*es & crook$ twigs1 cov]$ ) greyi% br[n b>k :i* peels 9 ?9 flakes f bran*es & trunk4 ,?is habit ( %$d+ its b>k 9 irregul> plates rem9ds u /rongly ( ! sycamore1 :i* c>ries ?is habit to excess4 ,! leaves ( ?is oak are l>ge1 w$ge-%ap$ at ! base1 wavy-too!d or lob$1 & broad5+ t[>ds ! tips4 ,!y are d>k gre5 above1 & l9$ ) :ite d[n4 ,! acorns are borne 9 pairs on long /ems4 ,! oval nut is hairy at its tip1 & sits 9 a r\gh cup made ( scales1 sometimes fr+$ at ! bord]4 ,! k]nel is sweet & eatable1 n only = bea/s1 b = man4 ,if "o 7 lo/ 9 ! woods1 he ne$ n />ve nor die ( ?ir/1 if he is ne> a /ream1 & c get ! fruit ( a swamp :ite oak1 :i* /&s by ! wat] side4 ,he w d well to make a fire1 & roa/ ! acorns1 :i* w improve _! nutty flav\r1 & make !m m dige/ible4 ,?is :ite oak is m beautiful 9 ,may ?an at any o!r season ( ! ye>4 ,! "y leaves are pale gre51 & ! tree top is illum9at$ by ! silky hairs t l9e !m4 ,! :it5ess ( ! d[n is dimm$ z summ] advances4 ,9 ! autumn ! leaves turn yell[1 b nev] r$4 ,! wood ( ?is oak is n di/+ui%$ 9 ! lumb] trade f any o!r :ite oak4 ,! dem& = x = ! build+ ( h\ses & boats1 & = agricultural implem5ts & vehicles1 is great] ?an ! supply4 ,x is too exp5sive n[ to be us$ z x 0 a few ye>s ago1 = fuel1 railroad ties1 & f5ce po/s4 ,,! ,,*e/nut ,,oak ,! *e/nut oak has leaves :i* are mu* l ^? ( ! *e/nut tree4 ,!y are l>g]1 & wid]1 h[ev]1 & h r\nd$ lobes at ! ends ( ! side ve9s1 mak+ a v regul> wavy m>g91 comp>$ ) t ( mo/ oak leaves4 ,! l9+ is (t5 silky1 & always mu* pal] ?an ! upp] surface4 ,?is tree is an exception to ! rule t ! annual-fruit$ oaks h pale b>k4 ,?is "o has b>k s d>k 9 col\r t x is (t5 mi/ak5 = "o ( ! ,black ,oak ,gr\p1 al?\gh its wavy leaf m>g9s1 & its annual crop ( acorns1 prove x to belong to ! ,:ite ,oak ,gr\p4 ,! acorns are v long1 & smoo?1 & !y sit 9 ?9 cups l9$ ) d[n1 & cov]$ ) small swoll5 scales4 ,!y are usually borne alone on %ort /ems4 ,?is is "o ( ! l>ge/ & sweete/ acorns4 ,! squirrels pack !m among _! w9t]'s /ores4 ,! wood ( *e/nut oak is h>d1 & /rong1 & durable 9 contact ) ! soil4 ,! b>k is especially ri* 9 tannic acid4 ,= ?is reason _m ( ! f9e/ trees yield only tan b>k1 because ! peel]s take ! b>k1 & leave ! log to fall a prey to =e/ fires4 ,,! ,,black ,,oak ,! black oak1 :i* gives its "n to ! l>ge gr\p ( bi5nial-fruit$ oaks1 is "o ( our h&some1 /urdy =e/ trees4 ,x gr[s f ,ma9e to ,florida1 & we/ to ,m9nesota1 ,kansas1 & ,ea/]n ,texas4 ,its b>k is v d>k grey or br[n1 & ?ick1 ) r\gh1 brok5 ridges & deep furr[s4 ,"u ?is out] lay] is a yell[ belt1 ri* 9 tann94 ,?is gives ! tree ! "n 8yell[ oak10 & s9ce its b>k is valuable 9 tann+ lea!r1 x is "s times call$ ! 8tan b>k oak40 ,! tree is n graceful nor symmetrical1 b !re is a picturesqu5ess & /r5g? ab\t x t r$eems its co>s5ess & irregul>ity4 ,?is species w\ld be plant$ (t5] = %ade1 7 !re n s _m beautiful oaks to *oose f4 ,9 ! wild1 h[ev]1 a giant black oak is a noble feature ( ! l&scape4 ,9 e>ly spr+ ! l>ge d[ny w9t] buds beg9 to swell1 & soon ! leaves pu% rapidly out4 ,! :ole tree top flu%es crimson 9 ! sun%9e4 ,! r$ gl[ is f ! cr9kly1 half-awake baby leaves1 ^: brilliance is s(t5$ by a silky cov]+ ( :ite hairs4 ,9 a day ! leaves turn gre51 & mo/ ( _! silky cov]+ is %$4 ,! bloom ( ! black oak consi/s ( a fr+e ( yell[ catk9s at ! base ( ea* %oot1 & pairs ( r$-tongu$ acorn fl[]s 9 ! angles ( "s ( ! leaves4 ,back ( ! new %oot ! half-gr[n acorns ( ! previ\s season are se54 ,9 autumn ! new crop is well along & ! full-gr[n acorns1 :i* h tak5 two seasons to rip51 are ready to be %$4 ,ea* k]nel sits 9 a /raight-sid$ cup ( loosely %+l$ scales1 :i* =m a fr+e at ! m>g94 ,! k]nel is bitt]1 & yell[1 z x is 9 mo/ ( ! species ( ! ,black ,oak ,gr\p4 ,illu/ration3 ,leaves1 mossy-cup acorns & w>ty twigs ( ! bur oak ,illu/ration3 ,! horizontal limbs ( ! p9 oak =m a regul> pyramidal head ,! l>ge1 d[ny1 po9t$ buds ( ?is oak w (t5 det]m9e its "n = u :5 we are confus$ by ! %apes ( ! leaves4 ,(t5 ! r$ oak & ! black oak 8run toge!r0 9 _! leaf =ms4 ,to det]m9e ! tree's "n we mu/ call 9 ! buds1 ! acorns1 & _! cups1 & ! g5]al %ape ( ! trees1 & consid] all ^! po9ts toge!r4 ,black oak leaves are ?ick1 co>se1 & lea!ry4 ,crumple "o 9 y\r h&1 & y cr+e at ! h>% scrat*+ noise x makes4 ,!y v>y f f\r to t5 in*es 9 l5g?1 & f two to six in*es 9 bread?4 ,! m>g9s are deeply cut into sev5 or n9e broad1 bri/ly-too!d lobes1 ) r\nd$ bays betwe54 ,! upp] surface is d>k gre5 9 summ]1 %9+ & smoo?1 or sometimes hairy4 ,! l9+ is br[ni% & a remnant ( ! scurfy d[n is f\nd 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ve9s4 ,9 autumn ^! leaves turn br[ni%-yell[1 b r>ely %[ a t+e ( r$4 ,! b>k ( black oak is /ripp$ & c>ri$ to ! tan-y>ds4 ,or x furni%es a yell[ dye1 us$ 9 ! pr9t+ ( calicoes4 ,! wood is us$ 9 h\se-build+1 & 9 ! manufacture ( furniture4 ,,! ,,r$ ,,oak ,! r$ oak is ! tree mo/ likely to be mi/ak5 = ! black oak4 ,! b>k is br[n1 ) a decid$ r$ t+e4 ,! twigs are also r$di%1 & ! wood is r$-br[n4 ,! inn] b>k has ! same t+e in/ead ( ! orange-col\r$ l9+ ! black oak b>k has4 ,! r$ oak is a l>ge1 /ately tree1 sometimes #aej feet 9 height1 & f> m symmetrical ?an ! black oak4 ,its leaves v>y greatly 9 ! dep? ( _! m>g9al clefts1 b 9 g5]al !y are oval 9 outl9e1 & _! lobes & s9uses are triangul>4 ,^! lobes always po9t =w>d1 r ?an outw>d1 along ! sides ( ! leaf1 & !y always end 9 ! %>p1 sp9y po9ts t belong to ! leaves ( all ! trees t fall into ! ,black ,oak ,gr\p4 ,r$ oak leaves are ?9n] ?an ^? ( black oak1 & n s h>% :5 crumpl$ 9 ! h&4 ,_! l9+s are pale gre5 & smoo? 9 summ]4 ,_! autumn col\r is deep r$4 ,! buds ( ! r$ oak are po9t$1 smoo?1 r$di%1 & ab\t "o-f\r? ( an in* long4 ,!y are mu* small]1 & lack ! d[n ( ! buds ( ! black oak4 ,r$ oak acorns are ! mo/ di/9ct feature ( ?is species4 ,!y are l>ge1 (t5 ov] an in* 9 l5g?1 & broad1 & !y sit 9 sauc]s1 in/ead ( cups4 ,^! sauc]s are made ( close scales1 & !y curl 9 closely at ! top z if to tight5 _! hold on ! nut1 :i* ext5ds two-?irds its height above ?is rim4 ,! k]nel is :ite1 & extremely bitt]4 ,,! ,,sc>let ,,oak ,! sc>let oak ne$ n be confus$ ) ei!r ! r$ or black oaks1 = x is a f> m da9ty tree ?an ei!r 9 its trim trunk1 graceful curv+ bran*es1 v slim twigs1 & deeply cut leaves4 ,9 =m1 ^! leaves are oval1 b s mu* ( ! 8clo?0 is cut away by ! f\r or six deep bays along ! sides t a small am\nt ( gre5 is left to d leaf duty4 ,! sl5d] lobes are /r5g!n$ by ! bran*+ ve9s1 ea* ( :i* ends 9 a sp9y po9t4 ,^! almo/ skeleton leaves are beautifully lu/r\s & ?91 a trifle pal] b5ea? & sometimes hairy tuft$ at ! ve9s4 ,!y are r>ely six in*es long1 & ! side lobes sometimes measure five in*es f tip to tip4 ,! leaf /ems are long & flexible1 & ! :ole tree top is z light & fea!ry & tremul\s 9 a breeze z t ( a honey locu/ or a will[4 ,9 autumn ! sc>let oak blazes l a tor* above ! dull] r$s & br[ns ( ! woods1 & keeps its brilliancy lat] ?an any o!r oak4 ,! acorn diff]s f ! black oak 9 be+ small] & da9ti]1 & 9 hav+ its cup drawn 9 tightly at ! rim4 ,! scales are smoo? & close-press$2 ! k]nel :ite & bitt]4 ,,! ,,p9 ,,oak ,! p9 oak has foliage mu* l ! sc>let oak1 b co>s] & n s lu/r\s4 ,(t5 a p9 oak tree has leaves t approa* ! r$ oak 9 =m1 & ^! lead to confusion1 if leaves alone are consult$ 9 det]m9+ ! "n ( ! tree4 ,!re are bett] signs 9 any p9 oak t set x ap>t f its l>g]-leav$ relative4 ,consult ! acorns4 ,!y are plump little nuts1 z broad z long1 r>ely measur+ "o-half in* ei!r way1 pale br[n1 /reak$ ) black 9 /raight l9es1 d[n f ! po9t$ tips1 & !y sit 9 %all[1 sauc]-l cups made ( close r$di% scales4 ,z !y fall1 ! nuts roll out ( ! cups1 :i* are l9$ ) hair4 ,! k]nel is :ite & bitt] & yet1 late 9 w9t]1 x is v common to f9d !m gnaw$ op5 by "s hungry little f\r-foot1 ^: w9t] /ore ?reat5s to run %ort4 ,! p9 oak takes its "n f ! fact t its bran*es are ?ickly set ) %ort1 p9-l twigs1 _m ( :i* die b d n fall4 ,^! /ubs /ay on = sev]al ye>s4 ,?is fact alone w soon enable u to recognise ! tree f a di/ance4 ,no o!r species is s close-twigg$1 & ! symmetrical =m ( ?is tree is v /rik+ 9 ! w9t]4 ,x is a pyramid ) _m small bran*es ?ru/ out horizontally f ! ma9 %aft4 ,bel[ ! middle ( ! tree1 ! long bran*es h a d[nw>d ?ru/1 & ! l[e/ ones (t5 sweep ! gr\nd4 ,above ! middle ( ! tree ! bran*es are horizontal1 & !y gradually become %ort]1 & ! tree ends 9 a po9t$ tip4 ,!re is no oak t ,i "k :i* has s mu* ! pyramidal =m ( ev]gre5s l ! firs1 hemlocks1 & spruces4 ,on ! av5ues ( ! city ( ,wa%+ton1 we %all f9d sup]b d\ble r[s ( ,am]ican trees4 ,on "o :i* leads to ! ,navy ,y>d1 ,i rememb] ! beautiful p9 oaks1 uni=m 9 size1 p]fect 9 symmetry1 t /ood 9 a d\ble r[ along ! sides ( ! av5ue4 ,to ! cr[ds ( t\ri/s :o visit ! capital city e ye>1 ,i hope t ?is w be an object lesson4 ,9 mo/ t[ns & cities e own] plants ! trees he likes 9 front ( 8 h\se1 s our /reets & av5ues pres5t a mixture ( trees ( all ages1 sizes1 k9ds1 & conditions4 ,! bett] way is = ! city to plant ! same tree 9 d\ble l9es1 ! :ole l5g? ( a /reet1 z has ( late ye>s be5 done 9 ,wa%+ton4 ,"o ne$s only to see ^! trees com+ on1 ea* ye> add+ beauty & dignity to ! city1 to realise t su* plant+ may be done easily any:]e 9 ! c\ntry1 :]e trees z beautiful z ! p9 oaks gr[ wild4 ,,! ,,will[ ,,oak ,a ,s\!rn tree ) sl5d] twigs & n>r[ leaves l ^? ( a will[1 surprises u by be>+ acorns6 ,x is ! will[ oak1 a beautiful1 graceful tree = %ade & = av5ue plant+4 ,! tree naturally *ooses wet gr\nd1 b x ?rives :]e ! soil is deep & well dra9$4 ,i rememb] a f9e l>ge will[ oak 9 ,john ,b>tram's g>d5 9 ,philadelphia1 & a "y tree 9 ! ,arnold ,arboretum 9 ,bo/on4 ,?is little "o gr[s rapidly1 b ! fro/ nips its twigs 9 ! w9t]4 ,! species gr[s wild f ,new ,york s\?w>d1 j back f ! sea coa/1 to ,texas4 ,9 swampy l&1 x is f\nd f ,miss\ri s\?w>d4 ,will[ oak acorns are d[ny1 yell[-br[n1 & set 9 %all[ sauc]-%ap$ cups4 ,! k]nel is orange-yell[1 & bitt]4 ,half-gr[n acorns are f\nd ) ! ripe ones on ^! trees1 & ! d>k1 r\gh b>k agrees ) o!rs ( ! ,black ,oak ,gr\p4 ,?\gh ! leaves h r>ely a side lobe1 b are mo/ly n>r[ & pla9-m>g9$1 ! tip ends 9 a sp9e1 z all black oak leaves %\ld4 ,,trees ,,) ,,w+$ ,,se$s ,:y d ! trees gr[ 9 su* mix$ groves1 :5 ,nature does ! plant+8 ,"h & !re we f9d solid groves ( bee* or oak1 b ! =e/ is1 = ! mo/ "p1 a ga!r+ toge!r ( all k9ds ( trees4 ,a "p ( ! beauty ( any woodl& is ?is v>iety 9 ! plant+4 ,"u a tall oak we f9d a hornbeam1 & "u ?is ! wit* hazel1 & "u ! wit* hazel1 a c>pet ( l[ woodl& plants4 ,we may walk 9 a /raight l9e1 or foll[ a woodl& pa? a mile1 & f9d e tree we meet is diff]5t f all ! re/4 ,_m reasons expla9 ! ord] 9 :i* ,nature plants =e/s4 ,"o ( ! be/ ( ^! is f\nd 9 ! k9d ( se$s trees be>4 ,we %all f9d t trees mo/ widely scatt]$ are ^? ^: se$s are w+$4 ,x is n h>d to f9d1 f ,may until f> pa/ midw9t]1 trees be>+ light1 w+$ se$s4 ,all ?r\gh ! summ]1 ! w9d is busy s[+ ! se$s ( ! e>ly-fruit+ trees4 ,9 autumn1 & all ?r\gh ! w9t]1 ! s[+ ( ! l>g] crop goes on4 ,let u beg9 our /udy ) ! maples1 ^: w+$ se$s e *ild kn[s4 ,f ! silv] maple1 ^: se$s are dry be=e ! fir/ ( ,june1 !re is a procession ( rip5+ maple se$s t la/s ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,a high w9d %akes (f ! silv] maple's keys 9 %[]s 9 late ,may4 ,wat* ^? 9 ! tree-tops4 ,! w9d has a bett] *ance up !re4 ,ea* key1 loos5+ f its twig1 turns r\nd & r\nd 9 a dizzy :irl1 & sails away /ill :irl+ z x falls1 ! heavy se$ end always po9t$ d[nw>d4 ,a tree is soon /ripp$1 & ! gr\nd litt]$ "u x4 ,b a great deal l>g] area ?an ! tree's %ad[ has ! se$s scatt]$ ov] x3 ! /rong] ! w9d1 ! fur!r ^! se$s g4 ,be=e ! summ] is ov]1 a crop ( little maple trees spr+s up f ?is s[+4 ,! r$ maple's sc>let se$ clu/]s turn br[n1 & ! little w+$ se$s take flight 9 ,june4 ,light] & small]1 !y are c>ri$ long] di/ances ?an ! se$s ( ! silv] maple1 & a crop ( little r$ maples foll[s ?is ,june s[+ ( ! trees4 ,i rememb] walk+ 9 a corn field 9 late ,june2 ! corn _h be5 la/ pl\gh$ a mon? be=e4 ,among ! we$s t _h gr[n up 9 ?is %ort "t 0 a crop ( "y r$ maples1 n[ six in*es high4 ,x 0 amaz+ to see ^! little trees gr[ s pl5tifully 9 a cultivat$ field4 ,i look$ = ! se$ tree1 & !re x /ood on ! edge ( ! field1 ! only maple tree 9 sight4 ,a few "y trees 7 gr[+ 9 ! matt$ grass ( ! roadside "u ! tree1 b ! great crop 0 f ! se$s t flew out to ! mell[ gr\nd betwe5 ! corn r[s4 ,! disappo9t$ se$s1 ^? :i* fell & did n gr[1 7 "u ! tree & 9 ! du/y road4 ,9 ! autumn ! h>d maple1 :i* we call ! sug> maple1 rip5s its w+$ se$s4 ,s does ! ?ree-leav$ box eld] 7:i* is a maple7 & ! ,norway maple1 n[ a v famili> /reet tree4 ,! w9d takes its "t1 & ! trees /ubbornly hang on to _! se$s1 s t ^! maples are busy all w9t] ) ! s[+4 ,e day !y give up a few1 & _m se$s t fall on ! sn[ are pick$ up1 aga9 & aga91 by ! w9d & ?us c>ri$ fur!r & fur!r away4 ,! maple se$1 ) its curi\sly "o-sid$ w+1 is ! sign by :i* ! maple family is easily recognis$4 ,o!r trees h w+$ se$s1 b none h ! peculi> =m ( ?is "o4 ,all summ] long we may "k ! trees t belong to ! a% family by ! clu/]s ( pale gre5 d>ts t hang among _! leaves4 ,^! are ! a% se$s4 ,ea* "o is a po9t$ se$ case1 conta9+ ! embryo plant1 & out beh9d x ext5ds ! ?91 light1 two-edg$ w+4 ,!re is no "o-sid$ness to ?is blade4 ,! se$ is w+$1 b balanc$ l a d>t4 ,:5 ! w9d loos5s "o f ! wiry /em1 x goes l an arr[1 se$ d[nw>d4 ,if !re is a gale bl[+1 ! se$ may be caught up & borne f> away 9 ! upp] air1 be=e a lull lets x take a d[nw>d c\rse1 & drive its po9t into a sn[bank1 or into ! gr\nd4 ,?is little fea!r$ arr[ may be long or %ort1 dep5d+ ^u :e!r x belongs to ! r$ a%1 ! :ite a%1 or ! black2 b !re is no mi/ak+ an a% tree = any o!r1 once ! =m ( an a% se$ is fix$ 9 ! m9d4 ,i h said t a maple se$ is %ap$ l t ( no o!r tree4 ,i mu/ describe "h ! se$s ( ! ne$le-leav$ ev]gre5s1 :i*1 ?\gh v mu* small]1 are some:at l maple se$s 9 =m4 ,g to a p9e tree or a spruce1 & get "o ( ! cones t has begun to spread its scales ap>t4 ,%ake ! cone ov] a piece ( pap]4 ,if no?+ comes out f betwe5 ! scales1 cut or break ! cone op5 ) knife or hat*et4 ,"u ea* scale w be f\nd two se$s1 ea* ) a ?91 "o-sid$ w+4 ,spruces1 hemlocks1 firs1 & arbor vits1 all h ?is same type ( se$1 hid away 9 ! same fa%ion1 "u ! protect+ scales ( _! cones4 ,d y und]/& h[ ! w9d1 bl[+ ?r\gh ! tops ( ev]gre5s1 %akes ! w+$ se$s f _! places1 & c>ries !m f> away8 ,d y und]/& :y ! ripe cones ( ^! trees hang on s /ubbornly1 & spread _! scales to all[ ! se$s to escape8 ,x is a peculi>ity ( ! firs t !y hold _! cones erect4 ,x w\ld seem h>d = ! w9d to get at ! se$s1 b ! fir cones let _! scales fall1 & :5 !y loos51 ! se$s are fre$4 ,out ( ! balls ( ! sweet gum tree1 :i* dangle on ! twigs all w9t]1 ! w9d %akes little w+$ se$s1 n unlike ^? ( ! p9es4 ,d y "k ! catalpa's long1 gre5 pods t hang all summ] on ! top ( trees8 ,!y are long] ?an ! newe/ lead p5cil1 & %[ no signs ( splitt+1 until ! autumn4 ,n[1 ! two halves ( ! pod spread ap>t1 & gradually ! ?9 se$s %ake out4 ,ea* "o is 9 ! c5tre ( a ?91 fr+$ w+1 t looks z if made ( tissue pap]4 ,! w9d c c>ry ^! gho/ly se$s = miles4 ,inde$1 x is /range t !y ev] come to ! gr\nd1 = !y seem to h no ?ickness nor weight at all4 ,! bir*es all be> _! se$s 9 cones1 "s long & p5cil-l1 o!rs q ! %ape ( a p9e cone4 ,"u ea* qua9tly not*$ scale ( ! cone1 a se$ is borne2 & ea* he>t-%ap$ se$ has a ?9 rim1 :i* acts l a w+1 cat*+ ! w9d z ! se$ falls4 ,we %all look f> 9 ! woods be=e we f9d se$s da9ti] 9 =m1 or bett] sailors ?r\gh ! air1 ?an ^? ( all ! bir* family4 ,! hop hornbeam has a hop-l clu/] ( se$s1 ea* 9 an inflat$ pap]y bag4 ,:5 ! leaves drop 9 ! fall1 ! w9d has a *ance to pick (f ^! little pap] se$ balloons1 "o at a "t1 f ! clu/]s4 ,take (f "o ( ^! little bags1 op5 x1 & y w f9d1 set 9 ! bottom1 ! %9y1 po9t$ se$4 ,x is likely to h a long j\rney1 if !re be a good breeze1 be=e its bag is punctur$4 ,back to e>ly ,may aga91 :5 ! elm trees are gre5 ) _! fruit clu/]s1 be=e ! leaves are fully out4 ,elm trees gr[ scatt]$ ?r\gh ! woods1 & no wond]3 ! se$s h pap]y rims1 & ! w9d cat*es ^! little fall+ discs1 & scatt]s !m f> f ! tree :]e !y 7 born4 ,! ailan?us tree1 ^: long1 f]n-l leaves make x look l a tree f ! ,tropics1 is s[+ its se$s all w9t]1 ) ! help ( ! w9d4 ,exam9e "o4 ,9 ! middle ( a slim blade is ! little se$4 ,! blade is twi/$ z x rip5s1 & x sails ?r\gh ! air ) a tilt+1 unc]ta9 flight4 ,aft] a look at a bun* ( ^! se$s1 & aft] ?r[+ a h&ful ( !m out ( an upp] w9d[1 & wat*+ !m z !y sail away1 we %all und]/& h[ x is t ailan?us trees spr+ up 9 mo/ unexpect$ places1 ye> aft] ye>4 ,& we %all bless ! breeze t plants su* trees along ! hot pavem5ts1 & 9 ! ugly back alleys ( t[ns & cities1 :]e few trees are able to gr[ at all4 ,,tree ,,se$s ,,t ,,h ,,p>a*utes ,x is a ?rill+ mom5t :5 ! man :o goes up ) ! balloon lets g at la/1 & drops to ! gr\nd4 ,be=e he drops1 an umbrella-l p>a*ute op5s1 & by its aid1 he comes to ! gr\nd gracefully1 sl[ly1 & alights unhurt4 ,%\ld any?+ g wrong ) 8 p>a*ute he w\ld drop to 8 dea?1 s e onlook] is anxi\s z he comes d[n1 & brea!s a sigh ( relief :5 ! wond]ful feat is accompli%$4 ,se$s ) w+s sail away on ! w9d1 & se$s ) p>a*utes desc5d s sl[ly & gracefully t ! w9ds c>ry !m f> out ( _! c\rses4 ,! trees mo/ =tunate 9 scatt]+ _! se$s1 & ?us colonis+ new t]ritory1 h peculi> devices4 ,! se$s ( ! basswood hang 9 clu/]s atta*$ to a n>r[1 leaf-l blade4 ,?is is a p>a*ute1 by :i* ! :ole clu/] is able to sail away on a good breeze4 ,!re is no se$ p>a*ute l ?is among our =e/ trees4 ,by ?is sign alone we may "k ! basswood trees4 ,! balls ( ! sycamore bump aga9/ ! bran*es1 & t9y se$s ) hairy p>a*utes are loos5$ & scatt]$4 ,ea* is a m9ute spike1 :i* might drop to ! gr\nd1 b = ! umbrella-l p>a*ute made ( a bru% ( f9e hairs4 ,by ?is1 ! w9d lifts ! se$1 & c>ries x away4 ,will[ se$s1 & ^? ( ! popl>1 are almo/ too small to be se54 ,ea* se$ is hid 9 a da9ty fluff ( :ite cotton1 & 9 ?is ! se$ rides4 ,we may miss see+ ^! trees 9 fruit1 unless we look at ! d[n :i* accumulates 9 ,june on ! scre5s ( w9d[s & doors4 ,! air is full ( ! fluffy /uff :5 ! pods op54 ,9 a few days ?is h>ve/ is ov]1 & we may f9d ! empty pods on ! gr\nd "u our neighb\r popl>s1 cottonwoods1 & will[s4 ,! blue bee*1 or hornbeam1 has a p>a*ute :i* is leafy1 & cr9kl$ s z to look almo/ l a little boat4 ,! %9y se$ sits 9 "o end1 & :5 x gets free1 x has a f9e long sail ?r\gh ! air be=e x settles to ! e>?4 ,!re are w+s & p>a*utes on ! se$s ( o!r trees4 ,:5 y f9d !m y may "k t ! w9d is ! p>tn] ( ! tree1 by robb+ x ( its *ildr54 ,! w9d is sav+ ^? *ildr5 f dea?1 :i* w\ld h be5 _! fate1 if !y fell on ! gr\nd "u ! %ad[ ( ! p>5t tree4 ,if all ! fields t adjo9 ! woods 7 left uncultivat$ = a few ye>s !y w\ld gr[ up to =e/s4 ,we "k ! "n ( ! s[]1 :o ga!rs se$s 9 ! woods1 & plants !m2 :o is busy all ! ye> at ! endless "w ( ! h>ve/ & ! s[+4 ,,! ,,autumn ,,b]ries ,,9 ,,! ,,woods ,9 ! roadside ?ickets1 z ! summ] wanes1 ! b]ry clu/]s ( ! %rubby viburnums turn r$1 & s(t51 & 9 ,septemb] *ange to a vivid1 or a d>k blue4 ,!y are v pretty on _! coral r$ /ems1 & look l little plums4 ,inde$1 !y are n unpleasant to ta/e1 b x is ! birds :o delight 9 ^! sweeti%1 juicy b]ries1 & we are will+ t !y %\ld h !m all4 ,! names1 %eepb]ry & nannyb]ry1 are giv5 to ^! little trees1 because %eep are said to br[se on ! foliage & %oots 9 spr+4 ,! blue b]ries ( ! sassafras1 also on coral r$ /ems1 are n unlike ^? ( ! viburnums 9 appe>ance1 b few] 9 a clu/]4 ,! birds take !m eag]ly be=e !y are fully ripe4 ,to leave !m until !y rip5 w\ld be to lose !m to o!r birds4 ,illu/ration3 ,cone fruits ( 7#a7 a bir*1 7#b7 a p9e1 7#c7 a magnolia1 & 7#d7 a fir ,illu/ration3 ,clu/]s ( ! w+$ se$s ( hornbeam & :ite a% ,! dogwood b]ries are r$d] ?an ! :orl ( leaves t surr\nd ! fruit clu/]s 9 e>ly ,octob]4 ,^! waxy b]ries h tak5 ! place ( ! c5tral clu/] ( small fl[]s1 :i* 7 surr\nd$ 9 spr+ by ! f\r l>ge1 :ite bracts4 ,x is ! birds :o fir/ accept ! invitation ( ^! little trees4 ,! migrat+ ho/s turn s\?w>d 9 ,septemb]1 & 9 ,octob] ! bird procession is 9 full sw+4 ,we he> !m ov]head1 (t5 s high 9 air t we _c see !m4 ,tir$ ( ! long flight1 !y desc5d = food & wat]1 & if ! neighb\rhood has _m fruit+ dogwood trees1 ! joy ( ! w+$ voyag]s is correspond+ly great4 ,9 a surpris+ly %ort "t ! hungry birds h tak5 ! la/ "o4 ,f> 9 ! w9t] we %all f9d r$ b]ries gl[+ 9 clu/]s on ! m\nta9 a% trees1 among ! ev]gre5 holly leaves1 & 9 conical spikes on ! suma*s4 ,! w9t] birds ignore ^! dry1 insipid se$s1 until ev]y?+ else is gone4 ,frequ5tly1 :5 w9t] sn[s cov] up all o!r foods1 ! b]ries ( ^! two trees /& betwe5 ! birds & actual />vation4 ,s x happ5s t _m a m\nta9 a% is /ripp$ ( its fruit dur+ ! e>ly days ( ,m>*1 & ! holly b]ries :i* h gl[$ r$ all w9t] disappe> = ! same reason4 ,! suma*s are r>ely /ripp$ z closely z ! o!r two4 ,9 ,septemb] ! hackb]ry hangs full ( its sug>y fruits4 ,x is surpris+ to f9d a tree :i* looks l an elm1 yet be>+ s(t1 purple b]ries4 ,b ?is1 we %all le>n1 is ! hackb]ry's way4 ,"u ea* leaf a long ?read gr[s1 on ! end ( :i* is a s+le1 oblong b]ry1 ! size ( a pea1 b n ! same %ape4 ,! fruit hangs on late into ! w9t]1 if ! birds w p]mit su* a ?+1 & x is a grateful supply ( food to birds t w9t] 9 ! ,nor?4 ,if !re 7 no o!r reason = plant+ hackb]ry trees1 !y are wor? hav+ z fruit trees = ! refre%m5t ( birds4 ,! autumn col\r ( hackb]ry leaves is yell[4 ,! purple fruits make little %[1 until ! leaves fall4 ,! b>k ( ! tree is its *ief peculi>ity4 ,on ! trunk x is deeply *eck$ into small1 ?ick1 w>ty plates4 ,! bran*es are (t5 ridg$ & brok5 into w>ty excresc5ces t /& close toge!r4 ,! leaves are peculi>4 ,!re is no o!r tree t has n a ma9 ve91 or a rib1 :i* prolongs ! leaf /em /raight to ! tip4 ,! hackb]ry leaf /em divides into ?ree equal bran*es at ! base4 ,! two side bran*es are %ort] ?an ! middle "o1 b _! size is unusual4 ,x is 9 autumn1 ( c\rse1 t ! hackb]ry e>ns its "n1 sug>b]ry4 ,! b>k w guide u to ! tree at any season4 ,! leaves fix 9 m9d ano!r important family trait4 ,! b]ries we may safely ta/e to f9d out if !y are z sug>y z we are l$ to expect4 ,nettle tree is ! common "n ( ! ,european hackb]ry4 ,y may h read ( ! lotus-eat]s1 :o1 ta/+ ! sweet fruit ( ?is little tree1 /raightway =got _! native l&1 & c\ld n be p]suad$ to return4 ,! wood is t\gh & peculi>ly adapt$ to make ! h&les ( hay=ks1 & simil> agricultural implem5ts4 ,"y trees are gr[n = ^! uses4 ,! roots rema9 alive & s5d up suck]s1 sl5d] b tall4 ,^! are cut = walk+ /icks1 :ip/ocks1 & ramrods = guns4 ,old] trees furni% wood1 z h>d z box or holly1 & beautiful z sat9wood :5 poli%$4 ,?is is a mat]ial :i* ! wood-c>v]s delight to use4 ,! tree is widely plant$ = %ade1 & its leaves are us$ z fodd] = cattle4 ,bad z its reputation is1 accord+ to ! tradition t its fruit _h p[] to rob m5 ( _! patriotism1 yet ?is is "o ( ! mo/ useful little trees4 ,x gr[s easily1 & is cont5t$ on l& t is wor?less = o!r purposes4 ,besides ! hackb]ry1 ano!r big tree 9 our woods be>s a crop ( purple b]ries 9 ,septemb]4 ,t is ! wild black *]ry4 ,! b>k ( ?is tree is d>k br[n & %9+1 & sat9y smoo? on ! bran*es4 ,x breaks on ! trunk into r\gh1 squ>i% plates1 :i* curl horizontally at ! edges4 ,! plates /ill reta9 ! silky out] b>k1 ^: fibres run crosswise1 & ^: surface has _m slit-l1 horizontal brea?+ holes4 ,we are /rongly rem9d$ ( ! bir*es1 especially ! *]ry bir*1 :i* has d>k-col\r$ b>k1 & has its "n f its resemblance to ?is tree4 ,! ?9 "y b>k ( ! black *]ry curls 9 a v bir*-l fa%ion4 ,"o diff]5ce is v m>k$4 ,! b>k ( ! *]ry is bitt]1 ) ! flav\r ( ! pit ( a pea* or *]ry4 ,bir* b>k is pleasantly aromatic 9 flav\r4 ,! fruit ( ! black *]ry is m pl5tiful ?an t ( ! hackb]ry4 ,! close-set side %oots on ! new twigs end 9 fruit clu/]s two or ?ree in*es long1 & (t5 conta9+ a doz5 b]ries ea*4 ,! sweet pulp is flav\r$ ) ! bitt] ta/e ( *]ry pits1 a flav\r f\nd 9 ! sap ( ?is tree4 ,nibble ! b>k1 or a bit ( *]ry wood1 a leaf1 or ! tip ( ! root1 & y get ! same ,prussic acid ta/e4 ,i d n l wild black *]ries1 b _m p d4 ,*ildr5 & birds seem n to notice ! bitt] ) ! sweet4 ,!y eat ! b]ries z soon z !y *ange col\r1 ) evid5t enjoym5t4 ,*]ry br&ies & cordials are made f ! fruit by p :o rely ^u old-fa%ion$ home rem$ies4 ,^! are ! p :o *ew ! bitt] op5+ buds ( ! wild *]ry 9 spr+1 z !y dr9k sassafras tea1 believ+ t spr+ is ! "t to cle> ! blood1 & t ,nature (f]s free rem$ies f> bett] ?an !y c buy 9 bottles4 ,we _c wond] t wild *]ry trees spr+ up 9 ! woods1 9 f5ce corn]s1 & along roadsides4 ,! birds are fea/+ 9 ! trees ea* autumn1 & until ! la/ b]ry is tak54 ,!y are ! s[]s ( ! se$4 ,our greate/ objection to ! wild *]ry is ! fact t its %9+ "y leaves are reg>d$ by ! apple tree t5t cat]pill>s z p>ticul>ly good4 ,:5 ! :ite blossom clu/]s deck ?is tree 9 ,may1 we (t5 see a web ( :ite silk wrapp+ toge!r "s ( ! upp] bran*es4 ,day by day ! web is ext5d$1 & ! twigs are /ripp$ ( _! leaves by ! ho/ ( cat]pill>s :i* return at night to ! t5t1 & range m widely 9 ! day "t4 ,:5 ! t5t is z l>ge z a pea* basket1 x is f\nd empty1 = ! cat]pill>s h desc5d$ to ! gr\nd1 spun _! cocoons1 & w soon em]ge z w+$ mo?s1 to lay _! eggs1 f :i* lat] broods ( cat]pill>s come4 ,! w+$ females are v likely to seek ! ne>e/ or*>d1 & lay _! eggs 9 b&s ar\nd apple twigs4 ,_m an o!rwise h>mless roadside wild *]ry is a deadly m5ace to an or*>d because x bre$s ! insects1 :i*1 9 a second g5]ation1 become a s]i\s pe/ among ! apple trees4 ,9 ! =e/ ! lumb]man is glad to f9d wild black *]ry trees ( l>ge size4 ,! lumb] is v valuable = int]ior f9i% ( h\ses1 & = furniture4 ,x is h>d1 & close-gra9$1 & d>k r$di%-br[n 9 col\r1 ) a lu/re1 :5 poli%$1 t puts x 9 ! class ) mahogany & rosewood4 ,x is m (t5 us$ n[adays z a v5e] on *eap] woods4 ,p>l\r c>s & /eam%ips1 & f9e h\ses are v (t5 f9i%$ 9 *]ry4 ,! small limbs & o!r bits ( ! lumb] are utilis$ = tool h&les & = inlay "w4 ,! wood is too valuable to wa/e4 ,! l>ge/ b]ry t gr[s on a tree 9 ! woods ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is ! p]simmon4 ,we %\ld mi/ake ?is b]ry = an apple1 p]haps1 :5 we see x = ! fir/ "t--a little1 orange-br[n apple1 "o to two in*es 9 diamet]4 ,b !re is no core su* z apples h1 ?\gh !re are f "o to a doz5 se$s 9 ea* fruit4 ,! p]simmon tree is tall1 ) a h&some r\nd head1 & zig-zag1 twi/$ bran*es4 ,x gr[s f ,rhode ,isl& we/ to ,kansas & s\? to ,florida & ,texas4 ,x is f\nd scatt]$ 9 mix$ woods1 & comes up 9 f5ce r[s & 9 ab&on$ fields :]ev] ! se$s h be5 dropp$4 ,light1 s&y soil is ?is tree's pref]5ce4 ,al?\gh x is a relative ( ! ebony ( ,ceylon1 our p]simmon is n an important lumb] tree4 ,its wood is h>d1 d>k-br[n 9 col\r1 & is us$ = %oe la/s1 tool h&les1 & v>i\s o!r small articles4 ,9 ! ,s\? ! p]simmon ranks among ! *oice/ ( fruit trees4 ,! negro & ! possum await ! rip5+ ( ! 'simmons ) eag] eyes1 & ! ,s\!rn]1 born & br$1 confesses an equal int]e/ 9 ?is native fruit4 ,!re is a long wait+ p]iod betwe5 ! "t :5 ! p]simmons *ange col\r f gre5 to r$di%-yell[ & ! "t :5 ! fro/ mell[s & sweet5s ! pulp1 & takes away ! h>%1 puck]y ta/e :i* draws ! lips & *okes ! ?roat z if ! fruit 7 a lump ( alum4 ,! ,nor!rn] :o judges by its appe>ance only1 d>es to ta/e ?is fruit be=e x is ripe4 ,he _c be p]suad$ to try x aga94 ,& he _c und]/& ! en?usiasm = p]simmons t all p 9 ! ,s\? feel4 ,a 'simmon tree1 :5 ! fruit is ripe1 belongs to ! fir/ com]4 ,! negro & ! opossum come into direct competition = ! fruit ( ?is tree4 ,y might ?9k ! negro w\ld kill ! opossum1 & be rid ( 8 rival4 ,he kn[s too mu* = t4 8',possum an' 'simmons come toge!r1 & b(e is good fruit40 ,bett] divide ! 'simmons ) ! 'possum & 8 family4 ,!n get ! fat 'possum = ! ,*ri/mas d9n]4 ,!re is no 'possum l ! "o t is fatt5$ on p]simmons1 s x pays to be pati5t & leave ! bea/ 8 %>e ( ! fruit4 ,9 a holl[ tree1 or a woodpile1 ! opossums sleep by day1 & trail out 9 companies to climb ! p]simmon trees at night to fea/4 ,!y hang by _! tails on ! bran*es1 or prop !mselves 9 crot*es ( ! limbs )9 easy rea* ( ! s(t1 sug>y b]ries4 ,! fatt] !y get1 ! lazi] !y are2 & z ! season advances1 & ! fruit falls1 ! opossums are likely to satisfy _! appetites ) ! p]simmons !y c pick up "u ! trees4 ,along ab\t ,?anksgiv+ day1 or ,*ri/mas1 ! day ( reckon+ arrives1 :5 ! negro hunt] comes home ) ! opossums :i* h /ol5 8 p]simmons4 ,! :ole score is wip$ out by ! opossum fea/1 :i* suitably closes ! season4 ,p]simmons improve1 ! long] !y hang ^u ! trees4 ,z late z ,janu>y or ,febru>y1 little trees sc>cely a doz5 feet high1 :i* h be5 ov]look$ 9 ! 'simmon h>ve/1 are f\nd to be /ill hung ) fruits exceptionally l>ge & f9e4 ,to ! hungry & ?ir/y hunt]1 pr[l+ = quail 9 ! und]bru%1 ^! unexpect$ fruits are a delightful surprise4 ,!y are delici\s1 sug>y lumps1 ri* 9 flav\r1 & juicy1 tak+ away bo? hung] & ?ir/1 & leav+ no aft]-ta/e t is bitt] or puck]y1 sugge/+ _! unripe /age4 ,japanese p]simmon trees1 ^: fruit is l>g] & bett] 9 e respect ?an our native species1 h be5 successfully introduc$ into ,cali=nia & ! ,s\!rn /ates4 ,^! p]simmons look l great ripe tomatoes z we see !m on ! fruit /&s1 b ^!1 too1 mu/ wait until !y are ?or\ghly ripe be=e !y are fit to eat4 ,,! ,,*ang+ ,,col\r ,,( ,,! ,,autumn ,,woods ,all ?r\gh ! autumn1 :5 ! wond]ful col\rs come 9 ! =e/ leaves1 we %all see ! gre5 ( ^! leaves creep+ back along ! ve9s4 ,! horse *e/nut leaves tell a v int]e/+ /ory4 ,!y turn br[n fir/ ^u ! edges4 ,if we wat* a s+le leaf = a :ole week 9 ,septemb]1 we may see ! gre5 gradually draw 9 t[>ds ! c5tral /em1 & ! br[n pap]y bord]s wid51 j z if some?+ 7 squeez+ & cr[d+ ! pulp ( ! leaf1 in* by in*1 back ?r\gh ! leaf /em into ! twig4 ,! la/ traces ( gre5 l+] along ! sides ( ! ve9s1 & be=e x falls1 ev5 ^! leaf *annels w be dra9$ dry4 ,:5 ! leaves ( a sug> maple give up _! pulp !re are wond]ful *anges inside ea* leaf4 ,a yell[ liquid fills ! cells :]e ! gre5 pulp us$ to be4 ,*emical *anges 9 ! m9]al sub/ances deposit$ 9 ! leaf cells produce wond]ful %ades ( r$ & yell[1 :i* gl[ :]e once ! leaf 0 solid gre54 ,iron is "o ( ! m9]als br\ght up 9 ! soil wat]1 left 9 ! leaf1 & *ang$ to produce ! bright r$ :5 ! leaf mask ( gre5 is tak5 away4 ,! sc>let maple rememb]s its "n 9 ! autumn days4 ,x puts on a cloak m brilliant p]haps ?an ! sug> maple1 :i* has a good deal ( orange z well z r$ 9 its autumn foliage4 ,! sc>let oak is amaz+ly brilliant2 s is ! sassafras & ! sweet gum4 ,! tupelo1 or s\r gum1 also call$ ! pepp]idge1 has foliage t is spla%$ & /reak$ ) v>i\s %ades ( r$ & yell[4 ,ea* little leaf is s brilliantly poli%$ t ! tree's beauty & col\r seem to be d\bl$ by reflection4 ,! suma*s ( ! roadside ?ickets we> foliage ( sc>let1 ea* leaf droop+ away f ! fruit pyramid :i* rises1 a deep] crimson1 on ! end ( ea* upright %oot4 ,! foliage & ! fruit toge!r make a col\r h>mony t is dazzl+1 inde$4 ,9 contra/ ) its umbrellas ( r$ leaves are ! sc>let b]ry clu/]s ( ! fl[]+ dogwood4 ,?is tree has ! habit ( snuggl+ up aga9/ ! trunk ( l>ge =e/ trees & rea*+ its :ite fl[]y arms out to u 9 spr+4 ,h[ wond]ful !y are1 on ! edge ( ! woods1 ) ! gre5 leaves ( ! l>g] trees mak+ a backgr\nd = _! fl[]s6 ,9 ! autumn ! same surprise awaits u1 :5 "u a t[]+ tree ) yell[ or russet foliage1 ! dogwood leaps up l a sc>let flame1 aga9/ its d>k backgr\nd1 hold+ /raight out its plat=m$ bran*es ( r$ leaves1 tipp$ ) b]ries1 l rubies1 set on ! upturn$ twigs4 ,(t5 ! trees are /ripp$ by birds be=e ! b]ries are ripe4 ,x is 9 woods :]e ! trees are num]\s t we %all f9d ! fruit rea*+ its p]fection ( rip5ess & col\r4 ,among ! trees t turn to purple 9 ! autumn we may "n ! :ite oak & ! a%es4 ,_m oaks turn f gre5 to russet1 )\t %[+ any r$ or yell[4 ,! l9d5s & ! tulip trees & ! bee*es turn yell[2 s d ! popl>s & will[s1 ! hickories1 & walnuts4 ,up & d[n ! /reet y may see ! yell[ cr[ns ( ! silv] & ! ,norway maples1 & on ! lawns ! :ite bir*es h also turn$ to gold4 ,! deepe/ r$ is on ! black & r$ oaks4 ,! brighte/ r$ is on ! sc>let oak4 ,illu/ration3 ,! fl[]+ dogwood cov]s its b>e bran*es ) blossoms 9 ,may ,illu/ration3 ,fl[]+ dogwood1 9 fl[] & fruit1 ! w9t] fl[] buds & alligator-sk9 b>k ,x is n fair to *>ge ,jack ,fro/ ) all ! gay col\rs ( ! autumn woods4 ,p]haps ,i %\ld say1 r1 t he does n des]ve all ! cr$it p give him = pa9t+ ! l&scape ) ! sunset glories ( ! dy+ leaves4 ,! cause is ! rip5+ ( ! leaves !mselves1 z ,i h already expla9$4 ,fro/ may ha/5 ! process1 b if a heavy freeze comes 9 ,septemb]1 be=e ! leaves h col\r$1 we lose our *ance = autumn col\r+ t ye>4 ,! leaves drop z if scald$1 & ! trees lose _! leaf pulp1 :i* !y _h expect$ to )draw & save = future use4 ,a long dry autumn ( w>m days & mildly fro/y nights produces ! f9e/ succession ( col\rs4 ,c\ntries t h a m moi/1 w>m climate ?an ours1 d n h ! vivid autumn col\rs t we enjoy4 ,engl&1 & ! c\ntries ( ,we/]n ,europe1 are l our ,we/ coa/ 9 lack+ ! col\r *anges t make ,octob] = u ! mo/ glori\s mon? ( ! ye>4 ,our ,new ,engl& woodl&s & ! =e/s ( ,canada are mat*$ 9 brilliancy by ! wood$ slopes ( ! ,swiss ,alps1 & ! =e/s along ! ,rh9e & ! ,danube4 ,9 our ,s\!rn /ates !re is little or no *ange t comes to ! foliage t[>ds ! end ( ! ye>4 ,! leaves on ! trees ( ,florida are lazy 9 fall+4 ,!y wait until pu%$ (f by ! swell+ buds 9 e>ly spr+4 ,_m trees t %$ _! leaves promptly ea* autumn 9 ! ,nor!rn /ates1 gradually become ev]gre5 9 ! ,s\!rn p>ts ( _! range4 ,! long] a tree c>ries its leaves1 ! m batt]$ & worn !y become4 ,a tree ) fre%1 new leaves m+l+ ) old ones is n a pleasant object1 at lea/ to ,nor!rn eyes4 ,?is is ! way mo/ trees 9 ! ,s\? look 9 spr+4 ,if we %\ld travel ! _w ov]1 & see ! trees ( _m l&s1 9 spr+1 9 summ]1 9 autumn1 & 9 w9t]1 ,i believe we %\ld all come back to ! clean1 beautiful mix$ woods ( our nor? temp]ate zone1 & decl>e t ^! woods are ! mo/ beautiful 9 ! _w4 ,9 ! dead ( w9t]1 !y are budd$ full ( promise4 ,we le>n to love !m z well 9 ?is p]iod ( re/ z we d 9 ! beauty ( _! spr+ fl[]s1 or 9 ! glory ( _! autumn col\r+1 or 9 ! /eady gr[? ( summ]4 ,ea* leaf is nurse to a bud t is gr[+ betwe5 its base & ! twig4 ,f9d ^! little buds on any tree ) broad leaves4 ,a "p ( all ! food t passes t way /ops to fe$ ?is gr[+ bud2 & 9 ! late summ] ! twig provides = ! future welf>e ( all its buds4 ,! ?rifty tree )draws ! gre5 pulp f its leaves1 be=e x lets !m fall4 ,a /ore ( />* is put away 9 ! twig1 close to ea* bud4 ,?is is ! food supply :i* w be us$ 9 ! spr+ to enable ! bud to op5 & spread its "y leaves1 or its fl[]s1 9 a surpris+ly %ort "t4 ,:5 ! worn-out leaf has be5 dra9$ ( all ( its pulp1 ! tree lets x g4 ,x has done its "w1 & giv5 up its pulp to be /or$ 9 ! twig = future use4 ,x seems z if ! tree kn[s t1 ) ! com+ ( cool] wea!r1 gr[? mu/ /op2 t ! t5d] leaves mu/ die :5 fro/ ov]takes !m4 ,s x is a frugal habit to save all ( ! good gre5 leaf pulp1 & to ca/ (f only ! dry leaf sk94 ,,tree ,,/udies ,,9 ,,! ,,w9t] ,,trees ,,we ,,"k ,,by ,,_! ,,b>k ,hunt]s & =e/]s :o sp5d mu* ( _! "t 9 ! woods le>n to "k trees by "n ?r\gh long acqua9tance4 ,9 ! dead ( w9t]1 ! framework ( a tree may be en\gh to recognise x by4 ,:]e trees are cr[d$1 ?is sign is n to be dep5d$ ^u4 ,! b>k is (t5 a guide to ! tree's "n4 ,! =e/] w tell y t ! bud is ! sure/ sign ( all4 ,! b>k is "o ( ! be/ signs4 ,x is n ! easie/ ?+ 9 ! _w to le>n to "k trees by ! b>k alone4 ,to ! beg9n]1 s _m trees ) d>k1 furr[$ b>k look /rangely alike1 al?\gh ! trees are n ev5 relat$ to ea* o!r4 ,! =e/]s began ) trees t h peculi> & easily recognis$ b>k4 ,s we %all beg9 "h1 & hope t ! h>d cases w gradually become easi]4 ,e tree we>s a g>m5t ( b>k f ! gr\nd up to ! utmo/ twigs4 ,! ?9ne/ b>k is on ! y\nge/ bran*es4 ,! ?icke/ is on ! trunk4 ,beg9 ) ! :ite bir* ^u ! lawn4 ,! b>k ( ?is tree is made ( ?9 lay]s2 ! out] "o %9+ l :ite sat94 ,x breaks & tatt]s1 & peels (f ar\nd ! trunk4 ,?ree-corn]$ pat*es ( black are f\nd "u ea* bran*1 & o!rs on ! trunk %[ :]e bran*es once came out1 b 7 brok5 or cut (f4 ,d y notice n>r[1 horizontal slits ( diff]5t l5g?s on ! bir* b>k8 ,^! are brea?+ holes t let ! air 9 to ! lay] "u ! b>k4 ,spongy1 por\s sub/ance fills ^! slits1 b all[s ! air to pass ?r\gh4 ,at ! l[] "p ( ! trunk ! sat9y out] b>k is %$1 leav+ d>k "u lay]s1 r\gh & *eck$ into irregul> blocks4 ,z ! tree gr[s old]1 ! trunk becomes r\gh] & d>k]1 b ! bran*es always %[ ! k9d ( b>k t ! little tree wore4 ,9 ! ,nor!rn woods ! :ite b>k ( ! canoe bir* is /ripp$ f ! trees 9 lay]s z ?ick z sole lea!r4 ,out ( ^! ! ,indians once made _! b>k canoes4 ,n[ ! same mat]ial is us$ = mak+ all mann] ( trifl+ s\v5irs to sell to t\ri/s4 ,a squ>e ( ?is ?ick b>k1 cut on ! smoo? side ( a trunk1 may be split into a great numb] ( ?9 %eets4 ,?is ! camp] uses to write lett]s ^u1 & x is a beautiful & fitt+ sub/itute = note pap]1 :5 "o is camp+ out4 ,illu/ration3 ,we recognize bir*es by _! silky1 tatt]$ b>k ,illu/ration3 ,! bee* trunk is clo!d 9 smoo?1 pale grey b>k ,x is a great pity t s _m beautiful trees are girdl$ & kill$ to supply ! ne$s ( camp+ p>ties4 ,if ! b>k 7 /ripp$ b "p way ar\nd x w\ld n kill ! tree4 ,! yell[ bir* has a silv]y yell[ t9t 9 ! out] b>k1 :i* curls back 9 ragg$ ribbons until ! tree gets old4 ,! r$ bir* writes its "n 9 ! ru/y r$ col\r ( its pap]y b>k1 :i* splits into tatt]s 9 true bir* fa%ion1 & flutt]s ! ragg$ ends f ea* bran* ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,! black bir* has no tatt]$ ribbons fly+1 b we>s a close1 smoo?1 black b>k1 ) ! n>r[ slits t all bir*es %[4 ,z ! trunks gr[ l>g] ! surface *ecks into irregul> plates1 sep>at$ by furr[s4 ,x is call$ ! *]ry bir*1 = ! b>k is l t ( *]ry trees4 ,! sycamore has b>k :i* is diff]5t f t ( e o!r tree4 ,inde$1 x is by ! b>k t we recognise ?is tree4 ,! tall trunk looks z if x 7 blot*$ & /reak$ & spatt]$ ) :itewa%1 f ! trunk to ! topmo/ limb4 ,! b>k is cont9ually dropp+ (f 9 ?91 irregul> plates1 leav+ smoo? :iti% pat*es ( an "u lay] expos$4 ,aft] sycamore trees gr[ old]1 ! b>k ( ! l[] portion ( ! trunk /ops %$d+4 ,f9e-*eck$ plates ( ru/y br[n cov] ?is olde/ portion4 ,b ev5 on ! olde/ & l>ge/ trees1 ! pale blot*es are se5 9 ! bran*es & we %all nev] mi/ake ! "n ( ! tree4 ,! %agb>k is "o ( ! rugg$ & %aggy trees t boys f9d h>d to climb )\t te>+ _! clo!s into tatt]s4 ,! b>k gives ! tree its "n4 ,?91 n>r[ plates1 close-wov5 & t\gh z sole lea!r1 seem to be atta*$ v loosely to ! body ( ! tree1 b if y try to pull (f ^! n>r[ /rips1 y f9d _! hold is v firm4 ,(t5 !y are atta*$ at ! middle1 & spr+ out at bo? ends4 ,an old %agb>k tree is a picturesque figure1 z x lifts its b>e arms up t[>d ! w9try sky4 ,! trunk is /raight1 b ! bran*es are full ( angles4 ,yet1 ) all _! rigidity1 ^! limbs h an expression ( /r5g?1 if n ( grace1 & ! tree's head is usually symmetrical1 & always full ( "*4 ,a "y hickory has smoo?1 close-knit b>k l t on ! bran*es ( ! old] trees4 ,gradually ! gr[+ trunk becomes furr[$1 & ! peculi> spl9t]+ & splitt+ ( ! b>k is se5 only 9 trees six in*es or m 9 diamet]4 ,by ! "t ! tree is old en\gh to be> nuts1 x has built itself a =midable f5ce t boys mu/ climb ov] ) mu* h>d "w & _m a scrat*1 to get up among ! bran*es & %ake d[n ! nuts4 ,illu/ration3 ,! loose1 /ripp+ b>k gives its "n to ! %agb>k hickory ,illu/ration3 ,w>ty b>k ( hackb]ry2 ,silky b>k ( black bir*2 ,close1 s9ewy b>k ( hornbeam ,! ta/eless pignuts gr[ on a smoo?-b>k$ hickory tree1 v easy to climb1 b ! b>k ( ! little %ellb>k hickory is ! guide-po/ t leads to ! trees :]e ! sweet-flav\r$ hickory nuts gr[4 ,! close-knit1 grey b>k ( bee* trees h>dly ne$s to be describ$4 ,! temptation to cut initials on bee* trunks is m ?an folks ) pocket-knives c resi/4 ,no matt] h[ _m f9e trees !re are 9 a bee* grove ne> t[n1 !y are sc>r$ all ov] ) lett]s & hi]oglyphics z f> z h& c rea*4 ,! tree nev] cov]s ^! w\nds4 ,?\gh !y d n cripple x1 !y m> its beauty pa9fully4 ,a little fur!r f ! haunts ( picnic p>ties1 we %all come ^u bee* woods t h n ?us be5 abus$ by ?\ghtless jack-knives4 ,f ! gr\nd1 f> up into ! high tops1 a close1 beautiful g>m5t ( a%y grey b>k clo!s ! tree4 ,sapl+s ( all ages gr[ up among ! big trees1 = bee*es gr[ 9 colonies4 ,a s(t radiance f ^! _m pale tree trunks seems to light5 ! woods pa?s1 ov]%ad[$ by ! d5se foliage ( ! tree tops4 ,x is said t bee* trees die :5 !y come into contact ) civilisation4 ,f9e bee* woods are includ$ 9 additions to t[ns2 y w see ! great trees die :5 lawns & g>d5s are made ab\t _! roots4 ,9 ! outskirts ( ,indianapolis !re are noble bee* trees1 b !y are dy+1 z ! city gr[s ar\nd !m4 ,! copp] bee*es & ! cut-leav$ & weep+ bee*es h ! same close-knit b>k z our native tree1 b x is n grey1 b d>k br[n4 ,^! fancy =ms are v>ieties ( ! ,european bee*1 "o ( ! pr9cipal lumb] trees ( ! ,old ,_w4 ,! b>k ( ?is tree play$ an int]e/+ "p 9 ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! human race4 ,long be=e ! ,european tribes _h writt5 languages1 !y s5t messages f "o to ano!r4 ,^! messages betwe5 tribes1 fri5dly or w>like1 7 writt5 9 hi]oglyphics1 cut into ! smoo? surface ( bee* b>k1 & mess5g]s c>ri$ !m back & =?4 ,%eets ( bee* b>k1 z well z bir*1 made ! walls & ro(s ( ! huts 9 :i* p liv$4 ,_! boats & v>i\s h\sehold ut5sils 7 made out ( bee* wood1 :i* is s close-gra9$ t vessels made ( x hold wat] )\t leak+4 ,ano!r ,am]ican tree ) b>k l ! bee*1 b d>k] grey1 gr[s always1 by pref]5ce1 ) its roots 9 wet soil4 ,x is a little tree1 ) rigid1 horizontal twigs1 t =m a flat tree top4 ,?is is call$ ! blue bee*1 & its trunk does (t5 h a blui% ca/4 ,x is also call$ hornbeam1 = its wood is s h>d t x 0 us$ 9 ! e>ly days to make ! beams :i* w5t across ! horns ( ! ox54 ,?is is ! "p ( ! ox yoke :i* is ! mo/ subject to we>4 ,ironwood is ano!r "n t describes ! h>d wood4 ,we %all notice t ?is tree has n a regul> cyl9drical trunk l t ( a bee*4 ,/rong swell+s1 t look l muscles1 are se51 especially :]e ! trunk bran*es into ! ma9 limbs4 ,h y ev] notic$ ! arms ( a blacksmi?1 or ( an a?lete8 ,h[ ! ve9s & muscles /& out :5 ! arm is 9 use6 ,j l !m are ! irregul> swell+s t c\rse up ! trunk ( ! hornbeam1 & out into ! limbs4 ,! hackb]ry is a h&some %ade tree1 :i* might1 at fir/ glance1 be mi/ak5 = an elm4 ,! b>k is diff]5t f t ( any o!r tree4 ,once we see a hackb]ry1 & le>n its "n1 we w nev] mi/ake x aga94 ,! b>k is light br[n or grey1 & f9ely *eck$ by deep furr[s4 ,! ridges betwe5 be> /range1 w>ty outgr[?s4 ,look = ^! w>ts among ! small bran*es4 ,! twigs are smoo?1 b back a little way ! w>ty eruptions beg91 & become m prom95t z ! limbs ?ick5 & approa* ! trunk4 ,sometimes ! limbs h ^! w>ts s close toge!r z to =m cont9u\s ridges4 ,ano!r tree ) w>ty b>k is ! sweet gum4 ,! negroes ( ! ,s\? call ! tree 8alligator wood10 because ! l[] "p ( ! trunk is brok5 by furr[s & cross-furr[s into horny plates l ! sk9 ( an alligator4 ,f ! r$-br[n trunk up into ! grey bran*es1 !re is a *ange 9 ! "* ( ! b>k4 ,! fissures usually run l5g?wise1 & ! b>k rises 9 ?9 ridges on ea* side ( ! fissure4 ,^! ridges become ?9 z knife blades on ! small] twigs1 :i* also h a spr9kl+ ( small w>ts4 ,a sweet gum is v rugg$ look+ 9 ! dead ( w9t]1 ) its w>ts & ridges break+ out on ea* limb4 ,we "k x by ?is sign alone1 b are d\bly sure :5 we see ! se$ balls dangl+ f ! twigs4 ,! sycamore1 blot*$ ) :ite on trunk & limb1 also c>ries a load ( dangl+ se$ balls ?r\gh\t ! w9t]4 ,!re is no dang] ( confus+ ^! two trees1 = ! b>k ( ea* is s di/9ct4 ,illu/ration3 ,w>ty1 ridg$ b>k ( ! sweet gum1 ! sw++ se$ balls & w+$ se$s ,illu/ration3 ,blot*$ b>k ( sycamore1 & its se$ balls t hang all w9t] ,a little tree ) alligator sk9 b>k gr[s ,nor? & ,s\?1 & *iefly 9 ! ea/]n half ( ! c\ntry4 ,?is is ! fl[]+ dogwood1 ^: grey b>k breaks into small squ>i% plates4 ,!re is no su* rugg$ness 9 its trunk z !re is 9 ! sweet gum's1 = x is always a little tree1 & ! b>k corresponds 9 its *eck+ to ! tree's size4 ,:5 we see ?is peculi> type ( b>k 9 ! w9t] woods we may look also = little flatt5$1 box-l fl[] buds1 ea* enclos$ 9 f\r scales4 ,we %all also f9d ! twigs set opposite1 & ) ^! ?ree signs be sure we "k ! tree4 ,a little tree1 no l>g] 9 gir? ?an ! dogwood1 b (t5 tall]1 has b>k t /rips & loos5s some:at z ! b>k ( ! %agb>k hickory does4 ,?is is ! hop hornbeam1 "o ( ! ironwoods4 ,its b>k /rips are always ?9 & n>r[1 no matt] h[ old ! tree becomes4 ,x is nev] z loose ^u ! trunk z ! %agb>k's4 ,! great buds & /\t twigs ( ! hickory are entirely diff]5t f ! sl5d] spray & ! v small buds ?is ironwood we>s 9 w9t]4 ,we may f9d on ^! twigs "s remnant ( ! hop-l se$ clu/]s :i* give ?is little tree its "n1 hop hornbeam4 ,inside its %aggy b>k ! lumb]m5 f9d wood s h>d t x is v difficult to "w1 & :5 made into tools x la/s almo/ =ev]4 ,:5 we h le>n$ to "k at sight a doz5 trees by _! b>k alone1 we are ready to g fur!r4 ,a great _m trees ) furr[$ b>k l *e/nuts & elms & maples1 are n s di/9ct z ^? already le>n$1 & we mu/ /udy ! tree's =m1 its w9t] buds1 ! arrangem5t ( ^! buds1 & ! %ape ( ! leaf sc>s 9 connection ) ! b>k1 9 ord] to be sure we "k ! tree's "n4 ,! *e/nut f :i* we ga!r$ s _m nuts la/ fall1 & ^: furr[$ trunk we saw at e visit1 we come to "k ?r\gh ?is famili>ity4 ,! trunks ( o!r *e/nut trees look l ?is "o1 & ?\gh we may n "k j h[ we d x1 we h add$ ! *e/nut to ! li/ ( trees we recognise by _! b>k alone4 ,! sug> maples :i* we tap 9 spr+ = _! sug>y sap1 h d>k1 furr[$ b>k1 n v di/9ctive4 ,& yet1 by go+ f tree to tree1 empty+ ! sap pails1 we gradually le>n to recognise ! b>k ( ! sug> maple1 & add x to our gr[+ li/4 ,illu/ration3 ,! ,lomb>dy popl> /&s l an exclamation po9t 9 ! l&scape ,illu/ration3 ,! live oak ( ! ,s\? is usually hung ) long ske9s ( ! weird1 grey ,spani% moss ,trees d n *ange _! clo!s1 & !y d n move away4 ,day aft] day1 if we use our eyes & notice :at is go+ on 9 ! tree tops1 z ! seasons foll[ ea* o!r1 we come to "k our trees by "n2 we recognise !m 9 w9t] by _! b>k1 & by ! framework ( _! tops1 9 summ] by leaves & fl[]s1 9 autumn by _! *ang+ col\r & by _! fruits4 ,x is n h>d "w = ^? :o love trees4 ,x is l gett+ acqua9t$ ) o!r neighb\rs :om we are glad to c\nt among our fri5ds4 ,,trees ,,we ,,"k ,,by ,,_! ,,%apes ,! life ( e tree dep5ds ^u its success 9 hold+ its leaves out into ! sunlight4 ,! tree :i* exposes ! greate/ am\nt ( leaf surface to ! sun makes ! greate/ gr[?4 ,! %ape ( _! tops is a "* 9 :i* trees diff] widely4 ,we %all come to "k _m ( !m 9 w9t] "t bett] ?an 9 summ]1 by ! di/9ct %apes reveal$ :5 ! foliage is gone4 ,9 any b>e tree1 ! purpose ( all ( ! bran*+ & bran*+ aga91 is pla9ly se54 ,ea* twig & bran* rea*es out t[>d ! out] surface ( ! dome1 or pyramid4 ,"h ! buds 9 w9t] are wait+ to op51 :5 spr+ comes1 into leafy %oots4 ,^! w cov] ! tree top ) a dome ( gre5 great] ?an ! "o ( ! previ\s summ]4 ,_! "w ?r\gh ! gr[+ season w l5g!n e bran* & e root1 & add a lay] ( wood "u ! b>k ( trunks & bran*es & roots4 ,! mo/ rem>kable tree %ape is t ( ! ,lomb>dy popl>4 ,! tall trunk is clo!d ) _m %ort1 close-bran*$ limbs1 :i* d n spread1 z 9 ord9>y tree =ms1 b gr[ upright1 s z to lie almo/ aga9/ ! ma9 trunk4 ,! upp] bran*es are ov]lapp$ & cr[d$ by ^? bel[ !m1 & s on d[n ! trunk4 ,! result is a tree %ap$ l a capital ,i4 ,9 summ] "t1 ! he>t-%ap$ leaves cov] ! twigs on ! outside ( ?is spire1 b ! beauty ( ! tree top is m>r$ by ! dead bran*es :i* h be5 smo!r$ by ! cr[d+4 ,a "y ,lomb>dy popl> is h&some z x /&s cov]$ ) its tw9kl+ leaves4 ,x gr[s rapidly1 & is especially /rik+ & effective 9 clumps ( r\nd-head$ trees4 ,x is l an exclamation po9t4 ,ar*itects always l to h a few ( ^! trees dott$ ab\t ! gr\nds to keep company ) tall *imneys & di/ant *ur* spires4 ,!re is no %ade "u trees ( ?is =m1 ?\gh miles ( !m are plant$ along roadsides :]e !y /& l t9 soldi]s1 all alike4 ,! old] trees look v ragg$1 = !y are unable to %$ _! dead limbs1 & z old age comes on !y s5d up suck]s f ! roots t =m a little =e/ ar\nd ! p>5t tree4 ,scatt]$ ov] fall[ fields ( wor?less gr\nd1 ! r$ c$>s are all[$ to gr[4 ,!y are ! ev]gre5 c\nt]p>ts ( ! slim ,lomb>dy popl>s4 ,sometimes ! r$ c$> broad5s into a pyramid1 wide at ! base1 b we are all famili> ) ! gre5 exclamation po9ts1 dott$ ov] ! hillsides1 :]ev] birds h dropp$ ! blue b]ries full ( se$s4 ,! po9t$ firs ) _! horizontal bran*es becom+ long] & long] t[>ds ! gr\nd1 are good examples ( ! pyramid =m s common among ev]gre5s4 ,?is is ! %ape ( ! spruces1 & ! p9es1 & ! hemlocks1 until /orms h brok5 _! bran*es1 & tak5 away ! symmetry ( ! top4 ,! p9 oak & ! honey locu/ s5d out horizontal bran*es ( graduat$ l5g?s f ! c5tral %aft1 imitat+ ! ev]gre5s 9 %ape4 ,! ev]gre5 magnolia ( ! ,s\? has a dome l an old-fa%ion$ beehive1 pyramidal1 & regul> :5 x gr[s 9 %elt]$ places4 ,su* a dome is ! h>d maple's 9 ! ,nor?4 ,"s trees bran* l[1 & _! %ort trunks break into great limbs ^: ample spread =ms a dome mu* broad] ?an its height4 ,! :ite oak 9 ! ,nor? & its ev]gre5 c\nt]p>t1 ! live oak ( ! ,s\?1 illu/rate ?is noble =m4 ,some:at l !m1 b ) its dome elevat$ ^u a tall trunk1 is ! ,am]ican elm ) ! fan top4 ,! l9es ( ! elm bran*es are all curves f ! ar*+ limbs t rise out ( ! trunk to ! flexible twigs :i* droop at ! extremities ( ! bran*es4 ,! dome ( a :ite oak is made ( angul> limbs4 ,ev5 ! twigs are likely to be crook$4 ,no "o w\ld confuse ! elm ) an oak4 ,r\nd-head$ trees are _m4 ,g f ! apple tree 9 ! or*>d to ! r$ & ,norway maples along our /reets4 ,a great _m trees f9d ?is =m be/ adapt$ to spread+ _! leaves out t[>ds ! sun4 ,_m oaks & a% trees1 ! hickories & bir*es1 & ! bee*es h widely spread+ limbs =m+ tops t are oblong 9 %ape4 ,!re are trees s irregul> 9 habits ( gr[? t we %all nev] "k !m by _! =ms alone4 ,! w9t] is ! be/ "t to /udy tree %apes1 = !n ! framework is reveal$4 ,! trees to /udy are ^? :i* /& ap>t f o!rs1 s t !y h be5 able to take _! natural %apes4 ,^! we %all f9d gr[+ on ! /reets1 & 9 y>ds1 & p>ks1 & 9 op5 spaces 9 ! woods4 ,:]e trees cr[d ea* o!r 9 gr[+1 _! bran*es *afe & cla% 9 /orms1 de/roy+ ! buds & leaves1 & bruis+ ! t5d] b>k4 ,su* limbs die ( ^! injuries1 & ! :ole %ape ( ! tree top is *ang$ by its losses4 ,illu/ration3 ,fruit+ bran* ( ! cockspur ?orn ,illu/ration3 ,clu/]$ ?orns on trunk ( honey locu/ tree2 ,fl[]s & foliage ( ! black locu/ ,x is hopeless = l[] limbs to live 9 a d5se p9e =e/4 ,! top bran*es =m s ?ick a wall ( %ade t l[] bran*es die f lack ( sun4 ,x is ! same ) broad-leav$ trees4 ,9 any d5se woods1 ! trees /& b>e z telegraph poles1 lift+ small heads ( foliage at ! top1 & compet+ !re ) _! neighb\r trees = sun & air4 ,x is only :5 set ap>t f o!r trees t a trunk c keep its l[] bran*es hale & /rong z ^? at ! top4 ,! weep+ habit gives u "s /range tree =ms4 ,! ,camp]d[n elm =ms a %ady summ]-h\se on _m a lawn by ar*+ limbs :i* droop to ! gr\nd on all sides ( ! ma9 trunk4 ,! weep+ mulb]ry has ! same habit4 ,weep+ bir*es & will[s h su* light foliage1 & su* f9e1 flexible twigs1 t !y look l f\nta9s ( gre5 z !y /& among ! o!r trees4 ,all weep+ trees are made by graft+ 9 ! nurs]y r[s4 ,!y are n gr[n f se$s1 & x is n true t !y 8weep0 because ( be+ plant$ up-side-d[n6 ,?is prepo/]\s notion is n uncommon4 ,,trees ,,we ,,"k ,,by ,,_! ,,?orns ,9 w9t] "t1 ! b>e limbs ( trees reveal _m /range secrets1 :i* ! leaves cov] up 9 summ]4 ,"s trees we may "k by ! ?orns !y we>4 ,! honey locu/ sc>cely conceals 9 summ] ! ?ree-bran*$ ?orns1 = :i* x is fam\s4 ,^! ?orns are twigs1 b !y r>ely be> leaves4 ,ea* is %>p5$ to a ne$le po9t1 & highly poli%$4 ,sometimes x is s+le1 (t5] ) a ma9 ?orn & two side bran*es2 sometimes %ort1 b (t5 rea*+ ov] a foot 9 l5g?1 & gr[+ /rong] & m wick$-look+ ) age4 ,sometimes a honey locu/ has a cr[d$ gr\p ( ^! ?orns gr[+ out ( ! trunk & l>ge limbs4 ,once 9 a great :ile a honey locu/ is ?ornless1 gr[+ wild4 ,f su* trees a ?ornless v>iety has be5 develop$4 ,x is1 !re=e1 possible to obta9 f nurs]ym5 trees ( ?is v>iety4 ,! unbran*$ sp9es ( ! osage orange trees make x a =midable h$ge plant1 & no f5ces are ne$$ :]e gre5 b>ri]s ( ^! trees gr[4 ,ea* %9+ leaf has a spike at its base1 /\t & %>p z a ne$le1 & /rong z /eel4 ,two sp9es /& gu>d at ! base ( ea* leaf ( ! yell[ or black locu/1 & ea* leaflet has two little sp9es ( ! same type4 ,! basal sp9es rema9 aft] ! leaves fall1 s t 9 w9t] we %all f9d ^! pairs ( s5t9els gu>d+ ! leaf sc>s up & d[n ! ridg$ twigs4 ,on ! ?ick] /ems ! ?orns are l>g]1 & ! tree is ?us well-arm$ & able to d duty z a h$ge plant1 :5 ?ickly plant$4 ,^! ?orns come (f ) ! b>k1 h5ce !y are m prop]ly call$ prickles4 ,!y are n root$ 9 ! wood ( ! bran* z ! ?orns ( ! honey locu/ are1 b !y belong 9 ! class ) rose & raspb]ry prickles1 :i* are m]e outgr[?s ( ! b>k4 ,! haw?orn trees h s+le sp9es1 "s long & curv$1 "s %ort1 "s bran*$4 ,all are root$ 9 ! pi? ( ! twig t be>s !m2 !re=e1 !y are n prickles1 b true ?orns4 ,! wild plum trees h a /range habit ( end+ _! %oots ) ?orny tips1 z if ! bran*es ne$$ su* def5ce aga9/ br[s+ cattle4 ,c]ta9ly ^! /unt$1 %>p-po9t$ twigs are useful z weapons ( def5ce to ! little trees t gr[ sl[ly 9 poor soil1 & are suff]]s f pov]ty & abuse4 ,p]haps x is _! h>d luck t makes !m crabb$ & ?orny4 ,wild apple trees %[ ! same t5d5cy to h ?orny twigs4 ,! same little trees1 transplant$ to mell[ soil1 gr[ s(t & leafy twigs1 & ab&on ! c>ry+ ( weapons4 ,h]cules' club is a tree :i* beats ! ailan?us at its own game4 ,/ems t5 feet high & two in*es 9 diamet] at ! base sometimes %oot up 9 a s+le season4 ,^! clubs ( ,h]cules are cov]$ ) sp9es z ?ickly set z on a gooseb]ry bu%1 =midable & vici\s1 ?\gh only sk9 deep4 ,on acc\nt ( its tropical gr[?1 ?is tree is plant$ = ornam5t 9 g>d5s :]e !re is room4 ,its leaves are wond]ful4 ,!y come out ) a ri*1 silky1 bronze %e5 9 spr+1 & :5 !y rea* full size are (t5 f\r feet long1 & m ?an half z wide4 ,ea* "o is bran*$ & bran*$ aga91 & ends 9 a multitude ( small oval leaflets4 ,^! giant leaves sway 9 ! summ] w9ds1 giv+ ! tree ! grace ( a tree f]n4 ,9 late summ] a great pyramid ( bloom rises above ! foliage4 ,purpli% b]ries1 :i* succe$ ! fl[]s1 make a f9e %[+ 9 fall & w9t]1 :5 ! leaves h turn$ to r$ & gold4 ,we d>e n t\* ?is sp9y tree1 b we may come close & admire its wond]ful cr[n ( umbrella leaves1 ! bigge/ by f> borne on any tree outside ( ! ,tropics4 ,,! ,,ne$le-,,leav$ ,,ev]gre5s ,9 our t[n & 9 our neighb\rhood mo/ ( ! trees drop _! leaves be=e w9t] comes1 & /& ) b>e limbs = sev]al mon?s4 ,"h & !re1 h[ev]1 a s+le tree /&s1 we>+ ! same gre5 leaves x wore all summ]4 ,ev]ybody kn[s ?is tree z an ev]gre54 ,x belongs to a gr\p ( trees /rangely diff]5t f ^? ar\nd x :i* h %$ _! leaves4 ,let u see h[ x diff]s f !m4 ,take ! "o t is ne>e/ to y1 & pull d[n "o ( its leafy1 gre5 bran*es4 ,! leaves are l gre5 ne$les1 /iff1 %>p-po9t$1 ) waxy res9 on ! br[n twigs1 t makes y\r f+]s /icky4 ,up 9 ! tree tops /range oval1 br[n cones are hang+4 ,und]foot1 a c>pet ( dead ne$les lies ?ick ^u ! grass1 & cones1 ) _! ov]lapp+ scales spread mu* wid] ?an ^? ^u ! tree1 lie ab\t4 ,squirrels h gnaw$ "s ( ^! scales away1 leav+ a c5tral spike l a cob f :i* ! corn has be5 %ell$4 ,little gre5 cones1 fat & waxy1 no l>g] ?an y\r ?umb1 are se5 ne> ! tips ( "s bran*es4 ,y c see ! scales ov]lapp+ ea* o!r 9 ^!1 ev5 ?\gh !y seem to be gr[n solidly toge!r4 ,if we walk ?r\gh ! village or ! city 9 :i* we live1 & /op "u ea* ev]gre5 tree we come to1 we %all f9d ne>ly all alike 9 ^! two po9ts3 !y h ne$le-l leaves1 & !y h cones4 ,! ev]gre5s ) ne$le-l leaves1 & cones on & "u !m1 belong to f\r ev]gre5 tree families1 ^: names e "o w\ld l to "k4 ,^! f\r ev]gre5 families are nam$ p9e1 spruce1 fir1 & hemlock1 & !y are plant$ ev]y:]e4 ,b few p are v sure !y "k "o f ano!r4 ,x is p]fectly "r to call !m all ev]gre5s1 or conif]s1 :i* means cone-be>]s4 ,^! names include all ! f\r families4 ,b x is common = p to call a spruce1 a p9e1 or a hemlock1 a spruce1 :5 ! tru? is t "o may v easily "k ^! trees ap>t4 ,let u beg9 ) ! fir/ ne$le-leav$ cone-be>+ ev]gre5 we meet4 ,to f9d out :e!r ?is tree is a p9e1 a spruce1 a fir1 or a hemlock1 we mu/ ask ! tree "s que/ions4 ,x w answ] !m4 ,fir/3 8,are y\r ne$les set "o 9 a place on ! twig1 or are !y 9 gr\ps1 or bundles1 ( m ?an "o at a place80 ,pull d[n a twig & look %>ply = ! answ]4 ,suppose !re are ! leaves 9 pairs1 or 9 ?rees1 or 9 fives1 ea* bundle or gr\p gr[+ out ( a s+le po9t on ! twig4 ,! answ] is3 8,n s+le1 b 9 bundles1 m ?an "o at a place40 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! %oot y w f9d a br[ni% or silv]y %ea? b9d+ ! leaves into bundles4 ,fur!r back1 ?is %ea? may be miss+1 b ! numb] ( leaves 9 ! bundle rema9s ! same = "s di/ance back f ! end ( ! %oot4 ,! leaves beg9 to fall f ! bundles f>!/ f ! tips1 & !re=e old4 ,if two leaves is ! numb] 9 a bundle1 !re are nev] m ?an two1 "y & old4 ,if ?ree is ! numb]1 y w f9d only ?rees4 ,if five is ! numb]1 !n y w r>ely f9d few] ?an ?is 9 any bundle4 ,all ! trees ) m ?an "o leaf 9 a bundle are p9es4 ,all ( ! re/ ( ! ne$le-leav$ ev]gre5s h a s+le leaf at a place ^u ! twig4 ,!y are ! spruces1 firs1 & hemlocks4 ,let u g & look = !m4 ,! v next ev]gre5 we come to we mu/ put ! same "q to3 8,are y\r leaves s+le1 or are !re m ?an "o 9 a bundle80 ,suppose 8?ree 9 a bundle0 is ! answ]2 we recognise ! tree z a p9e1 & pass x by4 ,across ! /reet is a tree ( diff]5t %ape1 ?\gh an ev]gre5 & a conif]4 ,we see ! long cones hang+ f its droop+ bran*es1 especially ne> ! top ( ! tree4 ,cross ov] & exam9e a twig2 ! ne$les are %ort & %>p-po9t$1 & !y are set s+ly 9 spiral l9es on ! twigs4 ,e leaf sits on a little %elf1 or bracket1 t /&s out f ! twig4 ,pick up a dead twig "u ! tree4 ,! leaves are gone1 b ^! little brackets 9 spiral r[s w9d ar\nd ! twig4 ,!y are horny & %>p1 & w\ld te> y\r f+]s if y drew ! twig quickly betwe5 !m4 ,notice t ! little brackets are angl$ at ! top4 ,pick up a dead leaf & notice ! %ape ( its base4 ,! leaf itself has angl$ sides4 ,roll x betwe5 y\r ?umb & f+]4 ,x has ?ree or f\r sides1 & at lea/ ?ree %>p angles4 ,?is is a spruce1 & ! signs by :i* we "k x are ! brackets on ! twig1 ! ?ick1 %>p1 ?ree- or f\r-angl$ leaf1 & ! /\t twigs1 to mat* ! /\t leaves4 ,! next ne$le-leav$ ev]gre5 ) cones we meet we may hope w turn out to be a fir or hemlock1 b ! *ances are t its twigs w %[ two1 ?ree1 or five ne$les 9 a bundle4 ,:at %all we call ! tree8 ,a p9e1 ( c\rse1 & pass x by4 ,we ne$ ask no fur!r "q4 ,! next tree has /iff twigs ) brackets1 & /\t1 /iff1 angl$ & po9t$ leaves4 ,cones hang d[n ^u its bran*es4 ,we recognise a spruce1 & g on4 ,ov] yond] is an ev]gre5 :i* waves a fea!rly spray ( v sl5d] twigs4 ,!re is sc>cely a breeze /irr+1 & yet ! tree is all a-tremble1 & its droop+ bran*es c>ry a load ( pretty little br[n cones4 ,turn up a bran*1 & y notice t ! leaves are all silv]y und]nea?4 ,!y are s+le on ! twigs1 s ?is is n a p9e4 ,!y "p & lie flat1 a r[ on ea* side ( ! twig4 ,?is is v diff]5t f a spruce ^: leaves /& out all ar\nd ! twigs4 ,^! sprays are flat1 ea* l a fea!r4 ,! leaves are s(t1 n /iff4 ,!y are blunt1 flat1 & ea* has a t9y /em4 ,! twigs are l f9e wire1 !y are s sl5d]4 ,! leaves are m\nt$ on brackets1 j z ! spruce leaves are1 b ! brackets are mu* small]1 to mat* ! da9ti] twigs & leaves4 ,x is a hemlock tree4 ,! t9y leaf /em is ! ?+ :i* sets x ap>t f all o!r ne$le-leav$ ev]gre5s4 ,take a good look be=e y g1 at ! leaf itself1 at ! sl5d] twigs1 ) _! little brackets1 at ! %9+ upp] surface ( ! flat leaf & ! silv]y l9+ t makes ?is tree s lovely z ! w9d lifts ! flexible bran*es4 ,pick up a h&ful ( dead leaves1 & notice t ?\gh dead & br[n1 !y %[ ! flat surface ) a middle ridge on ! "u side1 prolong$ into ! %ort leaf /em4 ,! pale l9+ is n s di/9ct n[4 ,"o tree family rema9s ( ! ne$le-leav$1 cone-be>+ ev]gre54 ,t is ! fir1 ! ,*ri/mas tree1 & its close relatives4 ,n (t5 d we plant our native fir1 because ! trees are n z h&some1 nor z useful z p9es1 spruces1 & hemlocks4 ,we may walk f> be=e we f9d an ev]gre5 :i* does n turn out to be a p9e1 a spruce1 or a hemlock4 ,h[ev]1 x is ne> ,*ri/mas "t4 ,! little firs w be br\ght into m>ket 9 suffici5t numb]s to supply a ,*ri/mas tree to e h\se4 ,?is is our *ance4 ,we w g to m>ket1 & look at ^! little trees t /& toge!r1 ) _! limbs truss$ l f[ls1 ready to be bak$4 ,?is is = economy ( space 9 %ipp+4 ,! clean1 pung5t od\r ( balsam comes f ! ble$+ /ub1 & we see te>s ( ! :iti% wax :]ev] ! b>k ( a twig or bran* is bruis$4 ,^! are balsam firs4 ,!y h _! "n f ?is fragrant1 /icky res9 t leaks f _! ve9s4 ,fir/1 z to ! leaves4 ,we f9d !m s+le & spirally arrang$1 z 9 ! spruce1 b !re are no brackets on ! twigs4 ,pull (f a leaf & ! twig is smoo?4 ,! leaves are blunt1 b flatt5$1 & on mo/ ( ! twigs !y spread1 fea!r-l1 on two sides4 ,!re are m ( !m1 h[ev]1 ?an on ! hemlock spray4 ,!y are :ite-l9$1 l ! hemlock leaves1 b !re are no little leaf /ems4 ,! twigs are /\t] ?an ^? ( ! hemlock1 resembl+ ! spruce twigs 9 size1 b !y lack horny little leaf brackets :i* are s prom95t on spruce twigs4 ,"o reason t spruce trees make poor ,*ri/mas trees is t ! leaves fall s soon4 ,almo/ ! day aft] ,*ri/mas ! floor is scatt]$ ) !m4 ,! fir trees keep _! leaves = weeks4 ,?is little bracket makes all ! diff]5ce4 ,fir leaves seem to be fa/5$ "r into ! twig itself1 & made ?us m secure4 ,if x *ances t y f9d a fir old en\gh to be> cones1 y w see ano!r v di/9ct trait ( ?is family4 ,! cones are held erect on ! twigs2 ! cones ( p9es1 & spruces1 & hemlocks hang d[n4 ,if y are =tunate en\gh to f9d a fir tree gr[+1 & old en\gh to be> its fruit1 ^! upright cones w tell y ! tree's "n be=e y come ne> en\gh to look at ! leaves1 & to see if ! twigs are smoo?4 ,,! ,,five-,,leav$ ,,s(t ,,p9es ,an ev]gre5 ) ne$le-l leaves 9 bundles1 two to five leaves 9 a bundle1 is a p9e4 ,^! bundles are usually b\nd ) a ?91 pap]y %ea? at ! base1 & set 9 spiral r[s t w9d ar\nd ! twig4 ,! leaves 9 ! newe/ %ea?s are ne>e/ ! gr[+ tip ( ! %oot4 ,"h we %all f9d ! leaves %ort]1 "s s %ort t !y h n yet got outside ( _! %ea?s4 ,! silky cov]+ hides !m1 z ! bud scales on o!r trees cov]$ ! undevelop$ %oot ) its fl[]s & leaves1 wrapp$ 9 ! w9t] buds4 ,! k9d ( p9e dep5ds ^u ! numb] ( leaves 9 a bundle4 ,?is is ! fir/ ?+ to f9d out :5 we und]take to det]m9e ! "n ( a p9e tree4 ,all ( ! vigor\s "y %oots h bundles t d n v>y 9 numb] ( ne$les4 ,fur!r back on ! limb are leaves m ?an a ye> old4 ,! %ea?s are %ort]1 or h fall5 away entirely4 ,n[ ! numb] ( ne$les 9 a bundle beg9s to be unc]ta94 ,we f9d bundles t h few] ne$les ?an ^? on ! y\ng] wood4 ,?is is because ! old] leaves are fall+4 ,f9ally we rea* a po9t :]e ! twigs are b>e4 ,on :ite p9e %oots x is easy to f9d leaves t are five to sev5 ye>s old4 8,s(t p9e0 is a lumb]man's t]m4 ,c>p5t]s use x1 s d all p :o "w 9 wood4 ,x means t ! wood ( a c]ta9 gr\p ( p9es is s(t & light1 & ! sap is n gummy4 ,any boy :o has cut k9dl+ wood kn[s :at a joy x is to :ittle s(t p9e4 ,until a few ye>s ago1 ?is 0 ! wood out ( :i* boxes ( all sorts 7 made1 & x 0 ! only k9dl+ wood we _h4 ,n[ ?+s are *ang$4 ,mu* box lumb] is made ( popl> & o!r s(t woods1 :i* d n split z easily z p9e4 ,?is means t s(t p9e is gett+ sc>ce1 & is too valuable to use :]e *eap] woods w s]ve4 ,,! ,,:ite ,,p9e ,! :ite p9e has ! s(te/1 mo/ hair-l leaves 9 ! :ole p9e family4 ,five ne$les are 9 ea* bundle1 & ea* is delicate & flexible4 ,:5 ! w9d bl[s ?r\gh ! top ( "o ( ^! five-ne$l$ trees1 ! end %oots nod l plumes4 ,! tree s5ds up a /raight %aft sometimes to ! height ( ne>ly two hundr$ feet1 & :orls ( bran*es1 five 9 a place1 =m regul> plat=ms ext5d+ horizontally f ! trunk4 ,ea* ( ^! sets ( bran*es c\nts a ye> ( ! tree's life2 = ! end bud l5g!ns ! trunk1 & at ! same "t1 five buds t surr\nd x gr[ out into horizontal bran*es4 ,x is easy to c\nt ! age ( a "y :ite p9e1 by beg9n+ at ! tip1 & c\nt+ d[nw>d4 ,we c\ld d x ) l>ge trees1 except t ! l[] bran*es die1 & at l5g? are lo/4 ,! b>k heals ov] ! sc>s left :]e !y fell1 s ! c\nt is lo/ :5 we rea* ! po9t :]e ! bran*es /op4 ,! :ite p9e is sl[ to %$ its dead bran*es4 ,9 ! woods ( ! ,ea/]n half ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates any five-leav$ p9e t we meet is a :ite p9e4 ,be=e we are ne> en\gh to c\nt ! ne$les 9 a bundle1 we may c\nt five bran*es at a :orl ar\nd ! trunk1 & ?is det]m9es ! "n4 ,beautifully regul> pyramids1 ! little trees are4 ,9 old age ^! p9es lose symmetry by ! loss ( limbs1 & become v rugg$ & picturesque4 ,a :ite p9e tree1 crippl$ by two or ?ree c5turies ( /ruggle ) w9ds & lightn+s1 is a noble figure4 ,! plume-l bran*es s(t5 its rugg$ outl9es1 & ! sombre blue-gre5 ( ! old] leaves is bright5$ by ! fre%] col\r ( ! new ones4 ,! upp] half ( ! tree is hung ) slim cones ^: smoo?1 ?9 scales spread wide 9 ! autumn ( _! second ye> to let ! w+$ se$s g4 ,9 spr+ ! clu/]+ catk9s ( /am9ate fl[]s look l yell[ cones on ! ends ( ! pale yell[-gre5 %oots4 ,! w9d %akes an abundant supply ( gold5 du/ out ( ^! poll5 fl[]s1 !n lets ! fad+ catk9s fall4 ,! pi/illate fl[]s are p9ki%-purple & almo/ hidd51 j back ( ! tips ( ! upp] twigs4 ,!y are cone-%ap$1 & !y "p _! scales & /& erect to cat* ! poll5 z x drifts ?r\gh ! tree tops4 ,! fl[]s on ea* scale require a gra9 ( poll5 ea*1 9 ord] to set se$4 ,:5 its fl[]s are f]tilis$ ! cone closes its scales tight1 b !y /& erect all summ]4 ,9 ! autumn !y are gre5 & fle%y1 & !y turn d[nw>d4 ,9 w9t] we %all see among ! sway+ bran*es ( ^! p9es1 ! gre51 half-gr[n fruits1 & fur!r back1 on wood a ye> old]1 ! br[n1 full-gr[n cones ) _! scales spread4 ,^! cones (t5 curve slightly4 ,! l>ge/ ( !m may be t5 in*es long1 b ! av]age cone is little ov] half t l5g?4 ,! lumb]m5 h /ripp$ ! :ite p9e f ! ,ea/]n =e/s until !re is v little left4 ,_m /ates are plant+ ?is valuable timb] tree1 to re/ore ! =e/s t wa/eful lumb]+1 & =e/ fires h de/roy$4 ,?\s&s ( "y trees gr[n 9 nurs]y r[s are transplant$ to beautify home gr\nds & p>ks4 ,we %all f9d no difficulty 9 discov]+ :ite p9e trees1 ev5 ?\gh no =e/ ne> u has a specim5 left4 ,x is "o ( ! commone/ p9es to be plant$ 9 cities & villages4 ,x is ! only five-leav$ p9e t w gr[ successfully on ?is side ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,,! ,,great ,,sug> ,,p9e ,all along ! coa/ m\nta9s f ,oregon to ,l[] ,cali=nia1 a five-leav$ s(t p9e gr[s ^: size makes our ,ea/]n :ite p9e seem l a dw>f4 ,9 t f> c\ntry ( big trees1 x is "o ( ! giants4 ,i _h read ( ^! trees :i* gr[ to be ov] #bjj feet 9 height1 ) trunks six to t5 feet 9 diamet] at ! gr\nd1 b figures d n give mu* idea ( ! tru?4 ,i fir/ saw ! groves ( sug> p9es miles ahead ( u1 z ! /age climb$ ! foot hills ( ! ,si]ra ,nevada m\nta9s4 ,we 7 on ! way into ! wond]ful ,yosemite ,valley4 ,! scrawny1 grey1 digg] p9es1 ) cones z big z a man's head1 grew on ! l[] foot hills4 ,next came ! great yell[ p9es1 & /ill high] up1 ! gr& sug> p9es1 along ! highe/ level ( ! /age road4 ,!y /ood (t5e/ 9 close ranks s t _! tops 7 small1 because ( ! cr[d+4 ,& "h !y _h /ood = c5turies4 ,! road 0 no wid] ?an ! broad /umps ( "s t _h be5 cut d[n1 & _! pro/rate trunks 7 long] ?an any log ,i h ev] se5 be=e4 ,i rememb] calculat+ t ! r\nd d9+ table at home c\ld be set ^u ?is /ump1 & all ! family seat$ r\nd x ) no dang] ( _! *airs be+ too ne> ! edge4 ,! /&+ trunks seem$ l great build$ columns1 too l>ge = real trees to gr[4 ,_! fea!ry1 d>k gre5 tips rea*$ ne>] to ! sky ?an any trees 9 ,ea/]n =e/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,hemlock cones are small2 ^? ( ,norway spruce are f\r or five in*es long ,illu/ration3 ,p9e twig ) cones1 "y & old1 & clu/]$ /am9ate fl[]s ,"u ^! p9es old cones 7 ly+4 ,!y 7 big1 to mat* ! trees4 ,tw5ty in*es ! longe/ "o measur$1 ) scales two in*es long1 & plump se$s z big z navy beans4 ,f> (f 9 ! tree top ! hang+ cones look$ mod]ate 9 size4 ,we c\ld j see ! gre51 half-gr[n cones ne>] ! ends ( ! bran*es1 = ?is ,we/]n :ite p9e1 l our ,ea/]n species1 requires two ye>s to mature its fruit4 8,:y call !m sug> p9es80 ,i ask$ ! /age driv]4 ,he po9t$ to "s drops ( res9-l sub/ance on ! scales ( ! cone ,i held 9 my lap4 8,ta/e x10 he said4 ,i did1 & x 0 sweet1 ) some:at ! flav\r ( maple sug>4 ,cry/als ( ?is sug> come f w\nds 9 ! b>k1 & f ! ends ( gre5 /icks :5 burn+4 ,! sap is q z sweet z t ( maple trees1 b "o is soon surfeit$ 9 eat+ ! c&y-l sub/ance4 ,! /age driv] told me t a lumb]man c\ld cut #e1jjj wor? ( lumb] f "o ( ^! sug> p9e trees4 ,no wond] !y ?9k t x is a burn+ %ame = ! gov]nm5t to res]ve ^! noble woods ( ! ,yosemite tract 8j to be look$ at40 ,=tunately = u1 & = ! p ( ! :ole c\ntry1 "s ?\s&s ( acres ( magnific5t =e/ are res]v$ on ^? ,we/]n-m\nta9 slopes1 :]e !y are safe f ! lumb]man's axe4 ,if we _c g to see !m ?is ye>1 p]haps we c fifty ye>s h5ce4 ,!y w /ill be /&+1 /ill gr[+1 ^! noble remnants ( ! gr&e/ =e/s ( any c\ntry4 ,specim5s ( :at ,mr4 ,john ,muir calls 8! l>ge/1 noble/1 & mo/ beautiful ( all ! sev5ty or eighty species ( p9e trees 9 ! _w40 ,illu/ration3 ,?\s&s ( little balsam firs supply ! m>ket ) ,*ri/mas trees ,illu/ration3 ,9 ^! tall :ite p9e trees ,na?aniel ,haw?orne built an out-door /udy1 :]e he wrote undi/urb$ ,,! ,,nut ,,p9es ,a gr\p ( s(t p9es1 ) few] ne$les ?an five 9 a bundle1 gr[s on ! ,we/]n m\nta9 slopes4 ,small trees !y are1 :i* h to /ruggle h>d aga9/ ! w9ds & /orms1 & ) ! scant moi/ure ( ! des]t air & soil = a b>e liv+4 ,!y are v int]e/+ because ( ! fact t !y h nuts1 ri*1 sweet1 & nutriti\s1 "u ! scales ( _! cones1 & ^! nuts are important items 9 ! food ( _m ,indian tribes ( ! ,we/4 ,! fir/ is ! f\r-leav$ nut p9e t gr[s on ! b>r5 m\nta9 slopes ( ,s\!rn & ,l[] ,cali=nia4 ,x is a des]t tree1 r>ely rea*+ =ty feet 9 height1 & ?is only 9 ! mo/ fav\rable situations4 ,! foliage is pale sage gre54 ,no o!r p9e has f\r leaves 9 a bundle4 ,its nut-l se$s are ri* 9 oil1 />*1 & sug>4 ,)\t !m ! ,indians ( ,l[] ,cali=nia w\ld probably />ve4 ,9 ,riv]side ,c\nty ! tree is common at #e1jjj feet above sea level4 ,x has a regul> pyramidal head1 :5 "y1 becom+ l[1 r\nd-topp$ & irregul> :5 v old4 ,ano!r pion1 b ?is "o ) a bu%y1 broad top1 & (t5 consid]ably tall]1 gr[s ) ! f\r-leav$ p9e on ! m\nta9s ( ,l[] ,cali=nia1 & nor?w>d along ! canyons & m\nta9 slopes ( ,arizona4 ,! %ort leaves are d>k gre51 & !re are b two or ?ree 9 a bundle4 ,! se$s are plump1 & r\nd$1 or angul>4 ,! upp] side is br[n1 ! l[] side black1 & ea* has a pale br[n w+4 ,a ?ird nut p9e1 or pion1 two- or ?ree-leav$1 gr[s on ! ea/]n foot hills ( ! out] ranges ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 on bo? sides ( ! sy/em4 ,=e/s ( x are f\nd on ! high pla9s ( ,colorado & ,arizona4 ,x sometimes gr[s l>ge en\gh to be us$ = lumb]4 ,! nuts are half an in* long1 & h ?91 brittle %ells4 ,!y are ga!r$ by ,indians & ,mexicans1 & may (t5 be b\ght 9 ! m>kets ( ,colorado & ,new ,mexico4 ,! "o-leav$ nut p9e seems to belong ) ! spruces & firs1 & o!r s+le-leav$ ev]gre5s1 b !re are frequ5tly two leaves 9 ! bundle1 & !re is a little scaly %ea? at ! base4 ,! grey-gre5 leaves (t5 hang on = t5 or twelve ye>s4 ,! w+$ nuts are ov] half an in* long4 ,! wood furni%$ fuel & *>coal to ! smelt]s 9 ! m9+ regions1 & ! ,indians ( ,nevada & ,cali=nia h>ve/ ! nut crop4 ,e autumn :5 we are go+ = *e/nuts & hickory nuts 9 our ,ea/]n woods1 we may ?9k ( ! ,indian families :o leave _! homes 9 ! l[l&s1 & climb ! m\nta9 slopes to ga!r _! nuts :i* are _! /aff ( life4 ,if we %\ld miss our nutt+ excursion1 x w\ld make no vital diff]5ce 9 our lives dur+ ! com+ w9t]4 ,our nuts are n a s]i\s "p ( ! provisions ( ! h\sehold4 ,b ) ! ,indians1 to miss ! nut p9e h>ve/1 means to h no bread = ! w9t] t is com+4 ,mr4 ,john ,muir1 :o has (t5 liv$ among ^! /unt$ upl& =e/s1 & se5 ! ,indians ga!r+ ! nuts & us+ !m lat] z food1 tells u _m int]e/+ ?+s4 ,! trees ( ! "o-leav$ nut p9e are l[1 l old apple trees1 & full ( cones4 ,! ,indians get long poles1 & beat ! cones (f ! trees1 !n roa/ !m on hot /ones1 until ! scales op54 ,!n !y %ake out ! nuts1 & ga!r !m 9 baskets & bags to c>ry home4 ,^! nuts are eat5 raw or p>*$ on hot /ones4 ,^! are ! easie/ & simple/ ways4 ,b ! be/ & mo/ palatable =m 9 :i* !y are prep>$ co/s mu* m "t & lab\r4 ,! nuts are p>*$1 !n gr\nd or p\nd$ into meal4 ,?is is /irr$ up ) wat]1 into a k9d ( mu%1 :i* is =m$ into cakes & bak$4 ,?is is1 9 g5]al1 ! way 9 :i* all p9e nuts are made into bread4 ,! "t ( ! nut h>ve/ is1 = ! ,indians1 ! m]rie/ "t ( ! ye>4 ,if ! crop is heavy1 ! spirits ( ! p>ty are light4 ,a s+le family1 if x is fairly indu/ri\s1 c ga!r fifty or sixty bu%els ( ^! ri*1 ?9-%ell$ nuts 9 a s+le autumn mon?2 & ) ?is quantity to c>ry home1 c g d[n ! m\nta9s1 tir$ b happy1 kn[+ t _! bread = ! w9t]1 & pl5ty ( x1 is assur$4 ,,! ,,h>d ,,p9es ,! h>d p9es are a gr\p ( ne$le-leav$ ev]gre5s1 ^: leaf bundles conta9 two or ?ree ne$les1 z a rule4 ,! wood is heavy1 usually d>k 9 col\r1 & saturat$ ) a res9\s1 gummy sap4 ,! common "n1 8pit* p9e10 ref]s to ! res9\s wood2 x is mu* h>d] to "w ) ?an t ( s(t p9es4 ,! mo/ valuable h>d p9e =e/s gr[ 9 ! ,s\!rn /ates4 ,^! are n[ ! *ief s\rces ( p9e lumb] 9 ! ,ea/]n half ( ! cont95t4 ,!y furni% also quantities ( turp5t9e1 pit*1 t>1 & oil1 products ( ! res9\s sap :i* saturates ! wood ( ^! trees :ile !y are gr[+4 ,"o trait ( ! pit* p9es is t !y reta9 ! leaf %ea?4 ,! s(t p9es %$ ! %ea? z soon z ! leaf bundle has atta9$ its full l5g?4 ,,! ,,s\!rn ,,pit* ,,p9es ,! woodwork & floors ( a great _m h\ses ( mod]ate co/ are done to-day 9 ,s\!rn p9e1 sometimes call$ 8yell[ p9e10 sometimes 8curly p9e40 ,! alt]nat+ b&s ( d>k & light yell[i% br[n1 (t5 v mu* wav$1 give ! wood an ornam5tal gra9 t is mu* admir$4 ,x is common & mo/ desirable t ?is wood %\ld n be /a9$ nor pa9t$1 b giv5 ! 8natural f9i%0 :i* br+s out ! ri* orange col\r1 & %[s at _! full value ! wavy b&s & intricate patt]ns t are ! *ief beauty ( ! wood4 ,! ar*+ timb]s t support ! ro( ( a *ur* are (t5 made ( /iff timb]s cut f ,s\!rn p9es1 & dress$ only ) a coat ( oil1 "u :i* "t deep5s & enri*es ! wood's natural col\rs4 ,,! ,,longleaf ,,p9e ,! longleaf p9e is "o ( f\r h>d p9es ^: lumb] is n di/+ui%$ by ord9>y c>p5t]s1 b is g5]ally call$ 8yell[ p9e40 8,georgia p9e0 ranks a little high] ?an ! re/4 ,t is ! longleaf1 :i* gr[s ov] a t]ritory mu* great] ?an ! /ate ( ,georgia4 ,?is is ! *ief s\rce ( turp5t9e1 pit*1 & t>1 z well z "o ( ! v be/ lumb] trees ( ! pit* p9e gr\p4 ,! mo/ ornam5tal wood is t ) ! curlie/ gra91 & ! n>r[e/ b&s ( alt]nat+ d>k & light col\r4 ,x gr[s sl[ly 9 h>d1 s&y soils on ! damp coa/ pla9s ne> ! ,gulf ( ,mexico4 ,we %all "k ?is tree f all o!r p9es by ! l5g? ( its ne$les4 ,!y are twelve to eighte5 in*es long1 flexible1 d>k gre51 %9+1 ?ree 9 a bundle1 enclos$ at ! base 9 long1 pale1 silv]y %ea?s4 ,!y rema9 on ! tree b two ye>s1 !re=e ! tree top is b>e except = ?ick tufts ( ^! droop+ leaves on ! ends ( ! bran*es4 ,if y h nev] se5 ^! trees gr[+ 9 _! natural =e/ belt1 t ranges f ,virg9ia to ,florida1 & we/ to ! ,mississippi ,riv]1 or 9 small scatt]$ =e/ pat*es 9 ,nor!rn ,alabama1 ,l\isiana1 or ,texas1 y may h se5 bran*es or small trees %ipp$ nor? to be us$ = ,*ri/mas decorations4 ,9 ! wa/e l& t ! lumb]m5 h cut ov]1 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ^! longleaf =e/s1 m5 g 9 e>ly ,decemb]1 & cut ! little trees4 ,sapl+s two or ?ree feet high br+ good prices 9 ! ,nor!rn m>kets1 :]e holly bran*es1 ropes ( gr\nd p9e1 sprigs ( mi/letoe1 & leaves ( ,s\!rn palms are sold4 ,a little two-foot longleaf p9e1 /&+ erect1 ) all its long flexible leaves b5d+ outw>d l a f\nta9 ( %9+ gre51 is h&som] ?an any palm ( ! same size4 ,! popul>ity ( ^! p9e %oots is gr[+1 & ^? :o cut !m seem n to realise t !y are kill+ ! =e/s ( ! future4 ,trees gr[ f se$s :i* fall 9 ! t]ritory cle>$ by ! lumb]m54 ,if ^! little trees t ,nature plants are cut z fa/ z !y %[ !mselves above ! =e/ floor1 h[ are ! longleaf p9e =e/s to be re/or$8 ,x is a great problem1 = a great "p ( ! natural weal? ( ! ,s\? is 9 ^! lumb] tracts1 n[ be+ cle>$ at a t]rific rate ( spe$1 & ! l& left practically wor?less :5 /ripp$4 ,! cones ( ! longleaf p9e are n>r[ & tap]+4 ,! scales are ?ick1 & ea* be>s a small sp9e4 ,! leaves are ! di/+ui%+ trait1 & ! tall1 sl5d] trunk cr[n$ by a long op5 head ( %ort1 twi/$ bran*es4 ,,! ,,%ortleaf ,,p9e ,! %ortleaf p9e ranks second only to ! longleaf among ! =e/ p9es ( ! ,s\?4 ,x is ! common 8yell[ p9e10 & 8,nor? ,c>ol9a p9e0 t is commonly sold f lumb] y>ds 9 ! ,nor? & ,middle ,we/4 ,its wood is almo/ z beautiful 9 ! natural f9i%4 ,its leaves are %ort 9 comp>ison ) ^? ( ! longleaf1 & sc>cely long] ?an any p9es ( ! ,nor?4 ,!y are f\nd 9 clu/]s ( twos & ?rees1 & !y h ! d>k blue-gre5 col\r ( ! :ite p9e1 light5$ by ! silv]y %ea?s at ! bases ( ! clu/]s4 ,! leaves are s(t & flexible1 sl5d]1 & %>p-po9t$4 ,!y v>y f ?ree to five in*es 9 l5g?4 ,! cones are two to ?ree in*es long1 & half z broad2 ! ?ick5$ scales h small sp9es4 ,x takes two ye>s to br+ cones to maturity1 & ! old ones hang on sev]al ye>s4 ,9 ?is !y diff] f our ,nor!rn pit* p9e4 ,=e/s ( ?is timb] p9e are scatt]$ f ,connecticut to ,florida1 & we/ to ,ill9ois1 ,kansas1 & ,texas4 ,!y are be+ slaught]$ by lumb]m5 z fa/ z ^? ( ! longleaf4 ,! "y trees are tapp$ = turp5t9e4 ,9 ! ,s\? & ,ea/1 ^! =e/s are practically gone4 ,! lumb] mills are busy 9 ! great tracts we/ ( ! ,mississippi1 & bel[ ! ,arkansas ,riv]1 9 ! =e/s ( %ortleaf p9e1 :i* until rec5tly 7 unt\*$1 & too f> f ! m>kets to be pr(itably cut4 ,! %ortleaf p9e w re=e/ ! old areas1 & spread ov] a wid5+ t]ritory1 if only x is giv5 a *ance4 ,"o hundr$ ye>s is en\gh "t to re/ore a =e/1--to gr[ a crop ( ^! trees4 ,"y ones spr+ f ! roots ( old trees1 a habit n at all common among p9es4 ,let u hope t be=e ! ,s\?we/]n =e/s are gone1 new ones ea/ ( ! ,mississippi ,riv] w take _! places1 s t ! %ortleaf %all n disappe> f ! lumb] m>kets z ! :ite p9e ( ! ,nor!a/]n /ates has done4 ,,! ,,cuban ,,p9e ,! ,cuban p9e or swamp p9e ( ! ,s\?1 ) /\t gre5 leaves eight to twelve in*es long1 9 twos & ?rees1 is n confus$ ) ! longleaf nor ! %ortleaf1 = its leaves are int]m$iate 9 l5g? betwe5 ! two4 ,?is beautiful p9e gr[s 9 =e/s t skirt swampy coa/ l&4 ,its leaves are c>ri$ two ye>s1 s ! trees h d5se1 luxuriant cr[ns ( gre51 & are m beautiful z a "p ( ! l&scape ?an any o!r =e/ p9e ( ! ,s\?4 ,! wood ( ! ,cuban p9e is n di/+ui%$ 9 ! lumb] trade1 z x is mu* ! same 9 quality & appe>ance z longleaf p9e4 ,,! ,,loblolly ,,p9e ,! f\r? ( ! yell[ p9es ( ! ,s\? is ! loblolly or old field p9e1 ^: lumb] is saturat$ ) pit*4 ,! trees gr[ 9 m>%y regions along ! coa/1 & = ! mo/ "p occupy l& t is /]ile & wor?less4 ,^! tide wat] p9e =e/s foll[ ! swamps f ,new ,j]sey ar\nd to ,texas4 ,9 e>ly days ?is 0 ! build+ p9e ( ! ,s\?4 ,! virg9 =e/s are gone1 & ! new g5]ation is inf]ior 9 quality1 because ! trees are n all[$ to atta9 _! full gr[?4 ,?\gh ri* 9 res91 !re is little fl[ ( turp5t9e f ^! trees1 b ! wood cat*es fire easily1 & is "o ( ! be/ ( fuels4 ,we %all "k ?is p9e by its pale gre51 twi/$ leaves1 always 9 bundles ( ?ree1 six to t5 in*es long1 enclos$ at ! base 9 %ea?s t are n %$4 ,! cones are ?ree to five in*es long1 ) ridg$ scales set ) prickles4 ,?is tree be>s a great crop ( cones ye>ly1 & its se$s are rem>kable = _! vitality4 ,s are ! se$l+s1 :i* gr[ on l& s wet or s poor t few o!r trees compete ) !m4 ,! fir/ t5 ye>s 9 ! life ( a se$l+ p9e is a p]iod ( trem5d\s gr[?4 ,fire r>ely sweeps ^! "y =e/s1 = ! trees are well protect$ by ! m>%y "* ( ! l& 9 :i* !y gr[4 ,left = a c5tury or two1 ^! trees produce ma/s = ! l>ge/ vessels1 equal 9 quality to ! f9e/ 9 ! _w4 ,,! ,,nor!rn ,,pit* ,,p9es ,we h no?+ 9 ! ,nor!a/]n /ates t comp>es 9 importance ) ! pit* p9e ( ,s\!rn =e/s1 b we h pit* p9es :i* ev]ybody kn[s4 ,! fir/ is ! gn>l$ & picturesque pit* p9e t gr[s on wor?less l&1 & ?rives 9 pat*es along ! sea coa/1 :]e o!r ev]gre5s are unsuccessful4 ,! r\gh1 rigid bran*es :i* spr+ f ! %ort trunks ( ^! trees c>ry a burd5 ( black5+ cones :i* give !m a v untidy look :5 ! trees are small4 ,:5 !y rea* fifty or sev5ty-five feet 9 height1 a c]ta9 nobility & picturesqu5ess ( expression *all5ge our admiration1 & ! clu/]s ( cones are n at all objectionable2 inde$ !y height5 ! tree's beauty4 ,! ne$le-l leaves ( pit* p9es are always 9 ?rees1 rigid1 /\t1 & ?ree to five in*es long1 d>k yell[-gre51 ! bundles 9 black %ea?s t are nev] %$4 ,! cones require two ye>s to rip54 ,!y are f "o to ?ree in*es long1 po9t$1 ) %>p backw>d-po9t$ beaks4 ,! wood ( ?is tree is us$ = fuel1 & locally = lumb]1 b x does n int]e/ ! lumb]m54 ,! wood is n good en\gh1 & ! trees are too small & scatt]$4 ,! tree does a good "w by gr[+ on wor?less l&1 & ne> ! sea coa/4 ,its picturesqu5ess is becom+ to be m appreciat$ by l&scape g>d5]s :o are br++ x into cultivation4 ,! h&some/ ( our pit* p9es is ! r$ p9e1 ^: d>k gre5 leaves are six in*es long1 & clu/] 9 twos ^u ! twigs4 ,! b>k1 ! wood1 & ! bud scales are all r$4 ,! cones are f "o to ?ree in*es long1 ) ?ick5$ scales :i* h no sp9es4 ,! tree gr[s into a broad pyramid1 bran*$ to ! gr\nd1 ) /\t twigs1 & luxuriant foliage4 ,! symmetry & vig\r ( gr[? makes ?is r$ p9e a h&som] tree ?an ! ragg$1 disc\rag$-look+ pit* p9es4 ,x is well = ! l&scape t its wood is v disappo9t+4 ,s _m beautiful groves are all[$ to rea* great age1 & size1 :]e :ite p9es w\ld h fall5 to a lumb]man's axe4 ,! home t has a beautiful r$ p9e )9 sight ( its w9d[s1 or a d\ble r[ ( ^! trees s]v+ z a w9d-break to w>d (f ! /orms ( w9t]1 is truly well plant$4 ,)\t "o or m ( ^! trees1 !re is a decid$ lack4 ,any nurs]yman c furni% h&some "y r$ p9es1 s no "o ne$ hesitate to plant ?is native tree4 ,illu/ration3 ,! sp9y-leav$1 r$-b]ri$ holly is a h&some ev]gre5 tree = ! lawn ,illu/ration3 ,:at w\ld ,*ri/mas be )\t holly bran*es & wrea?s = decoration6 ,! ,j]sey p9e is a twi/$1 l[ tree1 ) d>k1 disc\rag$-look+ bran*es1 cov]$ ) grey-gre5 leaves t h a sickly yell[i% t+e :5 ! new %oots appe> 9 spr+4 ,! leaves are always 9 twos1 & !y range f "o to ?ree in*es long4 ,! small cones are d>k r$1 oval1 ) ?ick5$ scales sp9y-tipp$4 ,^! trees cov] wa/e l& :]e !re is a meagre liv+ = any tree4 ,:at wond] t !y look /unt$8 ,_! *ief m]it is t !y clo! ! des]t places1 & furni% wood = fuel & f5ces1 & ?us save ! great lumb] p9es = high] uses4 ,,! ,,c$>s1 ,,:ite ,,& ,,r$ ,beside ! ne$le-leav$ ev]gre5s j describ$1 !re are "s trees we all "k1 t be> cones1 & are ev]gre5s1 b _! leaves are /rangely diff]5t f ^? ( p9es1 spruces1 firs1 & hemlocks4 ,"o ( ^! is ! famili> arbor vit1 a conical tree1 ) flat leaf spray4 ,look+ closely1 "o c make out ! t9y1 scale-l leaves1 arrang$ 9 opposite pairs1 clasp+ ! wiry /ems1 & cov]+ !m completely4 ,^! /ems are flat1 s t "o pair ( leaves has a %>p keel on ! middle4 ,! next pair is spread out flat4 ,! keel$ pair cov]s ! edge ( ! /em4 ,! flat pair cov]s ! broad] surface4 ,^! pairs alt]nate ?r\gh ! l5g? ( ! /em1 & an aromatic res9 seals !m close4 ,! cones ( ! arbor vit are small1 & !y h few scales1 comp>$ ) ! cones ( ! ne$le-leav$ ev]gre5s4 ,ea* ye> a crop is borne1 ) two se$s "u ea* scale4 ,few ( u see ! little r$ cone fl[]s 9 ,may1 nor ! pellets ( yell[ on o!r twigs1 :i* are ! poll5 fl[]s4 ,we wat* ! h$ge clipp] at "w1 trimm+ ! ?ick gre5 fronds t make a solid wall ( gre54 ,look c>efully h]eaft] = ! fl[]s & ! ripe cones1 9 ! prop] season = ea*4 ,illu/ration3 ,?is big tree1 8,! ,grizzly ,giant10 is ov] ?ree hundr$ feet high4 ,x is a sequoia1 "o ( ! cone-be>+ ev]gre5s ,illu/ration3 ,,scaly-,,leav$ ,,ev]gre5s3 ,upp]3 two bran*es f ! same r$ c$> tree2 ,l[]3 flat sprays ( arbor vit ,! :ite c$> gr[s1 a f9e1 conical ev]gre5 tree1 9 ! coa/ /ates1 f ,ma9e to ,mississippi4 ,x loves be/ ! deep swamps1 b gr[s well 9 wet1 s&y soil f>!r inl&4 ,"h we see aga9 ! flat spray ( m9ute1 po9t$1 & keel$ leaves1 b ! cones are diff]5t4 ,^! are pale grey1 & globul>2 ! few scales are ?ick & horny1 & curi\sly sculptur$1 ea* ) a beak project+ f ! c5tre4 ,! foliage mass is a peculi> blue-gre51 & ! b>k1 ?91 & ru/y r$1 p>ts into /r+s & %r$s4 ,lumb]m5 call ?is tree a c$>4 ,s !y d ! arbor vit4 ,! wood ( ea* is pale-col\r$1 & notable = its durability :5 expos$ to wea!r & wat]4 ,f5ce po/s ( :ite c$>1 & c$> pails1 %+les1 & ! l1 h a great reputation = durability4 ,! peculi>ity ( a r$ c$> is its fruit4 ,in/ead ( a cone1 a blue1 juicy1 sweet b]ry foll[s ! blossom+ ( ?is tree4 ,! foliage1 too1 is erratic4 ,m9ute leaves ( ! scale =m1 discov]$ 9 ! o!r c$>s1 are f\nd "h on mo/ twigs4 ,!y are /ill small]1 & ! twigs are mu* small]4 ,b on new %oots1 & (t5 on a :ole bran*1 ! leaves are ne$le-l1 "o-half to ?ree-qu>t]s ( an in* long1 & spread+ z ! leaves ( a spruce4 ,! mass ( ! foliage is blue-gre52 ^! new ones are yell[-gre54 ,among ! bran*es hang ^! surpris+ b]ries6 ,! tru? is t ! scales ( ! cone ?ick51 & become s(t :5 ripe4 ,!y gr[ toge!r1 & ! b]ry is1 !re=e1 a cone1 b mu* *ang$ 9 its developm5t f ! cone on :i* ! fruits ( o!r ev]gre5 trees are patt]n$4 ,we all "k a r$ c$> tree by its tall1 slim %ape4 ,! birds eat ! b]ries1 & scatt] ! se$s f> & wide4 ,! trees come up 9 irregul> clumps 9 pa/ures & f5ce-r[s1 & 9 r\gh1 uncultivat$ l&4 ,!y are pretty widely di/ribut$ 9 ! ea/]n half ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! true "n = ?is tree is junip]4 ,t is ! "n by :i* all its relat$ species are kn[n4 ,r$ c$> is ! lumb]man's "n = its wood1 & ?is "n1 ?\gh n "r1 w probably /ick to x always4 ,r$ c$> *e/s & closets are believ$ to be mo?-pro(4 ,! aromatic res9 9 ! wood is suppos$ to be di/a/eful to ! insects :i* are ! pe/s ( h\sekeep]s4 ,to put furs & wooll5 blankets & clo?+ into ^! *e/s does n always prev5t _! be+ mo?-eat54 ,?is _m p h le>n$ by sorr[ful exp]i5ce4 ,we "k ! fragrance ( ?is wood 9 p5cils4 ,?\s&s ( trees are cut e ye> to supply p5cil factories4 ,) ! sc>city ( ^! trees1 o!r woods are be+ sub/itut$4 ,b :o w be q satisfi$1 or be p]suad$ t c$> p5cils are n ! be/8 ,,two ,,conif]s ,,n ,,ev]gre5 ,two cone-be>+ trees h ! a/oni%+ habit ( lett+ g _! leaves 9 ! fall1 & ?us sett+ !mselves ap>t f ! ev]gre5s1 to :i* !y are o!rwise closely relat$4 ,_! cones are l ^? ( p9es & spruces4 ,_! leaves are ne$le-l1 & _! fl[]s are ! cone fl[]s l ! re/4 ,al?\gh !y /& b>e 9 w9t] "t1 _! fruits decl>e _! k9%ips ) ! ev]gre54 ,_! =ms also sugge/ ?is k9%ip1 = ea* is a spire-l %aft1 f :i* %ort bran*es /& out horizontally l ^? ( ! po9t$ firs & spruces4 ,,! ,,l>*es ,9 ! ,nor!rn /ates1 & ,canada1 long /ret*es ( cold m>% l& are cov]$ ) solid gr[?s ( tam>ack1 our ,am]ican l>* tree4 ,9 summ] ! bran*es are cov]$ ) long1 droop+ twigs1 ea* set ) _m blunt side spurs1 f :i* a tuft ( s(t1 ne$le-l leaves =ms a gre5 rosette or pompom4 ,! end twigs h ne$le leaves scatt]$ _! :ole l5g?1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ! spruces4 ,purpli% cone fl[]s1 & yell[ /am9ate cones appe> 9 spr+1 & 9 autumn among ! leaves t are turn+ yell[ a crop ( cones is rip5+4 ,!y /& erect & solit>y on ! twigs betwe5 ! rosettes ( leaves4 ,9 w9t] ! long1 flexible twigs are b>e except = ^! cones4 ,! little knobs along ! twigs are ! /ubs :i* bore leaves4 ,9 ! spr+ new leaves come out1 pale lettuce gre51 fea!ry1 trans=m+ ! tree top into a ?+ ( beauty4 ,?is l>* tree ( ours is m sp>sely bran*$ ?an ! l>* ( ,europe4 ,x looks ragg$ & unhappy :5 plant$ on our lawns4 ,x is at its be/ 9 ! cold ,nor?1 :]e x gr[s 9 d5se cr[ds1 & ! tall trunks are /ripp$ free f limbs well t[>ds ! tops4 ,^! /raight %afts are cut = telegraph poles1 railroad ties1 & po/s4 ,! heavy1 res9\s wood la/s a long "t 9 ! gr\nd4 ,! l>*es plant$ = %ade & ornam5t are ( ! ,european species1 :i* ?rives 9 any soil4 ,x has a d5s] head ( bran*es1 & mu* m luxuriant cr[n ( foliage ?an our native species4 ,x is a beautiful fea!ry pyramid ( gre51 di/9ctly diff]5t f o!r trees4 ,9 ,europe l>ge =e/s are gr[n on ! m\nta9 sides1 & f ^! ! talle/ ma/s = vessels are obta9$4 ,! heavy1 res9\s wood does n easily take fire z d ! pit* p9es4 ,! old wood5 battle %ips 7 fac$ ) l>* wood because ( ?is1 & because l>* wood is s durable 9 contact ) wat]4 ,inde$ x has ! reputation ( outla/+ oak1 & ! wood ( all o!r conif]s4 ,9 ! woods ( ! f> ,nor?we/1 & inl& to ,montana1 ! ,we/]n l>* is "o ( ! mighty =e/ trees4 ,six feet 9 diamet]1 & #bjj feet 9 height are n uncommon dim5sions among ^! giant l>*es4 ,^! trees are ( sl[ gr[?1 & !y /& ) _! roots 9 wat] or 9 wet soil1 ?\gh on ! m\nta9 side4 ,?is is an important lumb] tree ) wood t has all ! good qualities ( its family4 ,9 ,europe ! tree is plant$ = =e/s1 & z an ornam5tal tree4 ,we _c gr[ x 9 ! ,ea/]n ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is wor? a j\rney across ! cont95t to see x gr[+1 "o ( ! mo/ magnific5t trees 9 ! _w4 ,,! ,,bald ,,cypress ,travell]s 9 ! ,s\? pass =e/s ( d>k p9es1 & along ! edges ( swamps ! p9es (t5 give way to solid /ret*es ( trees ) pale grey trunks1 & lettuce gre5 foliage1 ^: lightness contra/s /rangely & beautifully ) ! solid bank ( d>k gre5 t ro(s ! =e/s ( p9es4 ,a clos] look at ^! /range trees1 :i* (t5 /& knee-deep 9 wat]1 is n s easy4 ,at c]ta9 seasons ( ! ye>1 h[ev]1 ^! swamps are dry en\gh s t "o may walk dry-%od among !m1 & s le>n to "k ! bald cypress ( ! ,s\?1 "o ( ! mo/ beautiful & int]e/+ ( native ,am]ican trees4 ,?is is ! second ( ! cone-be>+ trees :i* is n an ev]gre54 ,! leaves on ! new %oots are two-rank$1 s(t & pale sage gre5 9 col\r4 ,! /ems t be> ^! plumy leaves be> also scatt]$ s+le blades4 ,among !m are old] twigs1 tipp$ ) cones1 & be>+ bran*lets ) scale-l leaves sc>cely spread+ at ! tips4 ,^! are mu* small] ?an ! leaves arrang$ 9 two ranks1 =m+ fea!r-l1 leafy bran*lets4 ,x is ^! :i* are %$1 bran*lets1 & all1 9 ! autumn1 & fre% 9 spr+ r5ew ! fea!ry grace ( ! long1 n>r[ tree top4 ,! mo/ surpris+ ?+ ab\t ! bald cypress is ! fl>+ base ( ! trunk1 & ! root sy/em :i* seems too l>ge = ! tall b usually n>r[ top4 ,knees ( cypress ris+ out ( ! wat] f ! ma9 roots1 are di/+ui%$ f /umps by _! smoo?1 conical tops4 ,! base ( a great tree (t5 spreads into wide fly+ buttresses1 ea* holl[$ on ! inside1 b s]v+ ) ! o!rs to support ! holl[-trunk$ tree4 ,_m a giant ( great age /&s ?us on /ilts ^: subm]g$ ends are ! gn>l$ roots ( ! tree4 ,f ^! rise _m smoo?1 knobb$ knees above ! surface ( ! wat] 9 ! ra9y season4 ,by "s =e/]s1 humps on ! roots are suppos$ to be necess>y to ! prop] brea?+ ( ! roots1 subm]g$ "u wat] s l>ge a "p ( ! ye>4 ,! "q ( :at causes ^! gr[?s1 & ( :at use !y are1 is n fully det]m9$4 ,! cones ( ! bald cypress are globul>1 & ab\t ! size ( an olive4 ,by !m ! tree decl>es its relation%ip to ! ne$le-leav$ ev]gre5s4 ,! wood is light & easy to "w1 b n noticeably res9\s4 ,x is us$ = build+s1 & = special p>ts1 su* z doors1 %+les4 ,x is beautiful :5 /a9$1 & w\ld be m valuable = int]ior f9i% ( h\ses did x n keep ! record ( ea* bump & d5t1 z all s(t woods d4 ,buckets & b>rels to conta9 liquids are l>gely made ( ?is wood4 ,9 railroad ties x proves v durable4 ,! be/ & /range/ fact ab\t ?is tree is t ?\gh x belongs to ! ,s\?1 & is a swamp tree by pref]5ce1 x gr[s l>ge & beautiful 9 ! ,nor?1 & 9 soil t is only mod]ately moi/4 ,! p>ks ( ,brooklyn h "s noble specim5s ( ?is bald cypress ( ! ,s\?4 ,!y /&1 tall1 h&some %afts1 fea!r$ lightly ) _! %ort1 droop+ side bran*es1 clo!d ) pale gre5 leaves4 ,!re is no peculi>ity ( spread+ trunk or knees to di/urb ! sod t comes up ar\nd ! base ( ! tree4 ,9 ! autumn ! foliage turns yell[1 & drops ) ! l>* leaves4 ,?r\gh ! w9t] ! globul> cones are pres5t to prove ?is bald cypress a relative ( ! ev]gre5s1 :i* are its neighb\rs4 ,,! ,,hollies ,no ,*ri/mas is ,*ri/mas truly )\t at lea/ a few bran*es ( ! ev]gre5 holly ( ! ,s\?1 ^: lea!ry1 sp9y-po9t$ leaves are bright5$ by clu/]s ( r$ b]ries4 ,e ye>1 hundr$s ( crates & boxes ( ^! holly bran*es are %ipp$ nor? f ! woods ( ,alabama1 & o!r ,s\!rn /ates4 ,_m p make _! liv+ by cutt+ loads ( ^! bran*es1 & haul+ !m to ! %ipp+ %$s :]e !y are pack$ & put onto ! railroad4 ,! bus9ess has gr[n s rapidly )9 ! pa/ tw5ty-five ye>s t holly trees are becom+ v sc>ce4 ,x has nev] occurr$ to ^? :o cut d[n & /rip ! trees t x takes ye>s to gr[ new ones1 & t nobody is plant+ = ! future4 ,holly wood is :ite1 & v close-gra9$4 ,x is admirable = tool h&les1 :ip/ocks1 walk+ /icks1 & = ! blocks on :i* wood engrav+s are made4 ,! liv+ trees are plant$ = h$ges1 & = ornam5t4 ,! leaves are ev]gre51 & ! b]ries add brightness & w>m? to ! %rubb]y bord] :5 sn[ cov]s ! gr\nd4 ,al?\gh x rea*es its greate/ size1 & is mo/ commonly f\nd 9 ,s\!rn woods1 ?is little tree foll[s ! coa/ z f> nor? z ,long ,isl&4 ,i h f\nd x mu* high] ?an my head1 gr[+ wild on ! s& b> t sep>ates ,great ,s\? ,bay f ! ocean1 ea/ ( ,new ,york ,h>b\r4 ,fur!r nor?1 x is occasionally f\nd1 b 9 /unt$ sizes1 & x is easily w9t]-kill$4 ,! holly ( ,europe1 :i* has bright5$ ! ,engli% ,*ri/mas = c5turies1 has a f> m deeply cleft & sp9y leaf ?an ours4 ,beside x1 our holly leaves & b]ries are dull1 & d>k-col\r$4 ,! :ole tree lacks ! brightness ( ! ,european species4 ,h$ges ( ?is lu/r\s-leav$ holly %ut 9 _m an ,engli% g>d51 & _! bright b]ries gl[ *e]fully ?r\gh ! grey1 sunless1 w9t] days4 ,no wond] ! g>d5]s fr[n ^u ! little ?ru%es t fe$ ^u ^! b]ries1 ?us robb+ ! g>d5 ( "o ( its *ief w9t] *>ms4 ,?ree o!r ,am]ican hollies are f\nd z %rubby trees 9 our ,ea/]n woods1 b none ( !m is ev]gre51 & ! trees are n num]\s 9 any locality4 ,we %all (t5e/ see ! species kn[n z ! w9t]b]ry1 ^: abundant r$ b]ries rema9 unt\*$ by ! birds1 until late 9 ! spr+4 ,_m ( ^! fruit-lad5 bran*es are ga!r$ 9 ! wild1 & sold 9 cities = ,*ri/mas decorations4 ,sprays ( ^! b]ries are (t5 add$ to ! ev]gre5 holly bran*es :5 _! own b]ries are sc>ce4 ,*ri/mas holly is some?+ we _c d )\t4 ,z ! supply gr[s less1 ! price w m\nt high]4 ,!n w come a "t :5 x is pr(itable to raise ^! trees 9 quantities1 & holly f>m+ w be practis$ 9 fav\rable localities 9 ! ,s\!rn /ates4 ,b t "t has n yet come4 ,,! ,,burn+ ,,bu% ,a little tree1 n at all relat$ to ! holly1 b truly a c\s9 ( ! bitt]-sweet1 has a r surpris+ "n4 ,9 summ] x looks l a wild plum tree1 except = its flut$1 a%-grey b>k4 ,! fl[]s h purple petals1 & look some:at l potato blossoms4 ,!y w\ld nev] attract y\r att5tion z y pass ! tree4 ,9 ! autumn ! leaves turn yell[1 & gradually ! purple husks t cov] ! sc>let b]ries split op51 & curl back4 ,wat* ! gradual op5+ ( ^! husks1 & notice1 f "s little di/ance1 ! gradual r$d5+ ( ! tree top1 z ! yell[ leaves fall1 & m & m ( ! sc>let b]ries are reveal$1 z ! husks curl & %r9k away f !m4 ,x is 9 ?is se$ & its husk t ! resemblance & relation%ip ( ! burn+ bu% & ! bitt]-sweet v9e is reveal$4 ,! ,european sp9dle tree1 & a numb] ( ,japanese & ,*9ese species1 are n[ plant$ 9 ,am]ican g>d5s1 & call$ by _! g5us "n1 ,evonymus4 ,! r$-fruit$ sorts all come "u ! common "n1 burn+ bu%1 & !y d burn ) a /eady flame :5 w9t] has robb$ ! g>d5s ( col\r4 ,ev]gre5s =m a beautiful backgr\nd = ^! ruddy little trees4 ,,tree ,,/udies ,,9 ,,! ,,spr+ ,,! ,,awak5+ ,,( ,,! ,,trees ,all w9t] ! grey bee* trunks look almo/ :ite among ! d>k trunks ( neighb\r+ trees4 ,_! bran*es are d>k at ! tips1 & ! buds are long1 slim1 & %>p-po9t$4 ,silky1 br[n bud scales1 9 _m lay]s1 protect ! "y %oots hidd5 9 ^! buds4 ,9 ,april ^! %oots impati5tly pu% aside _! wrapp+s4 ,! out] scales fall1 ! inn] ones gr[ long]1 b ! gr[+ tip leaves !m beh9d1 & !y fall1 :ile ! silky-coat$1 fan-plait$ baby leaves hang limp & helpless on ! l5g!n+ /em4 ,no tree ( ! woods is m beautiful ?an ! bee* z its twigs cov] !mselves ) ! t5d] gre5 ( spr+4 ,bee* leaves are h&some :5 full gr[n4 ,9 ! %ort h\rs ( _! babyhood !y are lovely4 ,! /urdy %agb>k hickory is late 9 wak+4 ,popl>s & bee*es are 9 full leaf :5 ! big buds ( ?is famili> tree ) ! %aggy b>k beg9 to swell1 & %[ ! pale1 silky inn] scales "u ! black out] pairs1 :i* soon fall (f4 ,! bran*es are /iff & angul>1 b ! twigs hold up _! big buds1 & ! trees look l great c&elabra1 ea* hold+ up a ?\s& light$ c&les4 ,z ! po9t$ buds pu% upw>d1 ! protect+ scales gr[ rapidly l>g]1 & ! out] ones turn back l ! sepals ( an iris4 ,wond]ful t9ts ( olive & yell[1 violet & rose1 bl5d 9 _! silky cov]+4 ,out ( ?is petal-l frill rises ! clu/] ( "y leaves1 small b p]fectly =m$1 & j z v>i$ & delicate 9 col\r+ "u _! velvet cov]+4 ,^! complete ! fl[]-l appe>ance ( ! "y %oots4 ,! illusion la/s only until ! leaves spread out1 & take on _! natural1 col\r & size4 ,! scales fall1 _! duty done1 & ! fl[] catk9s come out1 "u ! broad umbrellas ( ! fre%1 new leaves4 ,! tree is ?or\ghly awake1 & has begun its long summ]'s "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,! great w9t] buds ( ! %agb>k hickory op5 l fl[]s 9 ,may ,illu/ration3 ,p9k & silv]y catk9s ( trembl+ asp51 & ! :ite1 flannel-l leaves1 j op5$ ,! popl> likes to gr[ 9 moi/ gr\nd1 & 9 companies ( its own k9d4 ,copses ( ^! trees1 especially if !y be "y ones1 are sure h]alds ( ! com+ spr+4 ,_! /ems & bran*es are smoo?1 & almo/ z pale z :ite bir*es4 ,!y become gre5i%1 especially ! small] bran*es & twigs1 z ! sap rises4 ,!y are alive f root tips to %9+ buds4 ,! br[n scales loos5 9 ,m>* on ! plumpe/ buds4 ,! fuzzy grey pussies pu% out1 & l5g!n into s(t *5ille fr+es t wave gracefully f e twig4 ,!y are grey1 ) a flu% ( p9k1 an exquisite col\r h>mony1 too lovely to la/4 ,_! catk9s fall z soon z _! gold5 poll5 du/ is rip5$ & scatt]$ by ! w9d4 ,! pla91 gre5 f]tile ones on o!r trees cat* ! poll51 & set se$ :i* rip5s1 9 gre51 b]ry-l capsules1 9 ,may4 ,! se$s are almo/ too small to be se54 ,ea* floats away ) ! small wisp ( d[n 9 :i* x hides4 ,! slim buds on ! same twigs op5 :ile ! trees are /ill 9 blossom4 ,! "y %oots come out1 & unroll _! baby leaves1 s(t & :ite1 cov]$ ) a silky d[n1 & t9t$ p9k "u ! protective hairs4 ,= a %ort "t only !y look l :ite velvet1 & are limp & helpless4 ,!n ! hairy coat is %$2 ! leaves become %9y & bright gre51 & tw9kle 9 ! sun%9e4 ,! /ems are flexible & long & flatt5$4 ,?is makes !m cat* ! breeze1 if ! blades d n1 s ! foliage trembles :5ev] a breeze goes ?r\gh ! tree top4 ,quak+ asp51 trembl+ asp51 & 8quak5asp0 are popul> names giv5 ?is tree1 ^: foliage has ! appe>ance & ! s\nd ( rippl+ wat]4 ,tradition says ! tree is =ev] accurs$1 & trembles z f fe>1 because ! traitor1 ,judas1 hang$ himself on an asp54 ,?is is a fooli% notion4 ,only gaiety is express$ by ! cont9ual flutt]+ ( ! asp5's leaves4 ,! buds ( cottonwood & ,balm ( ,gilead trees are seal$ ) a fragrant wax :i* s(t5s z spr+ loos5s ! scales & gr[? beg9s4 ,bees ?rong ^! trees1 & ga!r ! s(t wax to c>ry to _! hives4 ,!y use x to /op up cracks t w\ld let 9 ! ra94 ,:at is n ne$$ at once !y /ore = future use4 ,bee-keep]s call x 8propolis40 ,!y h (f]$ ! bees some?+ 8j z good10 b !y w take no sub/itute = ! g5u9e4 ,t is produc$ only on ! buds ( trees ( ! popl> family1 & = a brief season x is ready = !m 9 spr+4 ,,trees ,,t ,,bloom ,,9 ,,e>ly ,,spr+ ,9 late ,m>*1 or e>ly 9 ,april1 be=e ! leaves h come out on any ( ! trees along y\r /reet1 y may look out ( an upp] w9d[ & notice t /range-look+ tassels are hang+ on ! twigs ( a popl> or cottonwood tree4 ,its buds are l>ge & !y %9e 9 ! sun1 z if !y 7 wet4 ,a day or two lat] y may be walk+ ) y\r "m or si/]1 & %e w be />tl$ to see ! sidewalk cov]$ ) :at look to h] l great r$ cat]pill>s6 ,!n y may rememb] ! tree ) ! tassels on x1 & recognise !m1 & expla9 :]e !y came f4 ,a s+le look %[s t ?is worm-l object is a catk91 & ! lovely r$ is ! col\r ( ! _m /am5s t conta9 ! poll5 du/4 ,:5 ?is is ripe ! /am5s bur/ & let x fly away4 ,!n ! tree lets its catk9s fall1 = !y h done _! "p4 ,gre5 catk9s hang on o!r trees ( ! same k9d 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,! fl[]s are wait+ = poll5 t w enable !m to set se$4 ,if ! w9d bl[s 9 ! "r direction :5 ! poll5 is fly+ ab\t1 ! gre51 f]tile fl[]s w get all !y ne$4 ,^! catk9s are n %$ z ! r$ ones are4 ,!y make little %[ among ! op5+ leaves1 b little se$ balls take ! place ( ! fl[]s4 ,by ! end ( ,may ! gre5 balls ! size ( peas turn yell[1 & op54 ,out ( ea* pod floats tufts ( :ite d[n1 ea* be>+ away a t9y :ite se$4 ,?is is ! end ( ! /ory4 ,be=e ! *e/nut trees h begun to blossom1 ! popl>s h scatt]$ _! se$s1 & h all ! summ] to sp5d 9 gr[+ long1 supple %oots cov]$ ) _! danc+1 %9+ leaves4 ,!y look z if !y enjoy life6 ,! pussy will[s pu% _! fuzzy noses out 9 w9t]4 ,"s are ev5 %[+ 9 autumn4 ,b ! yell[ poll5 is n se5 on ^! fl[]s until ! catk9s are full gr[n1 & !y wait till w9t] is pa/4 ,!y d>e n risk a fro/4 ,among pussy will[ trees !re is a diff]5ce 9 ! catk9s4 ,on "o tree !y turn yell[ :5 mature2 ! gold5 poll5 du/ rises 9 a cl\d :5 ! twig is di/urb$4 ,^! catk9s soon fall (f4 ,on o!r trees ! catk9s are gre5i%1 & !y /ay on aft] rea*+ full size4 ,!y are ! f]tile fl[]s1 :i* develop into se$ pods4 ,poll5 br\ght to !m by ! w9d or by visit+ insects 9 se>* ( nect>1 insures ! sett+ ( se$ 9 ^! fl[]s4 ,?\gh ! gay] fl[]s fall1 !y are q z necess>y to ! mak+ ( se$s z ! f]tile ones4 ,9 all ! will[s & popl>s1 x requires two trees1 be>+ ! two k9d ( fl[]s1 to make ! se$4 ,& ! w9d & nect>-seek+ insects are necess>y z poll5-c>ri]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,! w9t] fl[] buds1 ! blossoms1 ! full-gr[n w+$ se$s1 & ! ribb$ leaf ( our ,am]ican elm ,illu/ration3 ,! maje/ic1 fan-%ap$ elm blossoms :ile sn[ is /ill on ! fields ,9 m>%y l&1 or by a brook or riv]1 or ev5 j outside ! w9d[ at home1 !re is a tree t turns rosy 9 ,m>* ) a multitude ( small r$ fl[]s clu/]$ on ! sides ( its twigs4 ,x is ! swamp maple1 ! r$ maple1 ! riv] maple1 ! sc>let maple4 ,two ( ^! names tell ( ! tree's ?ir/2 two "n its col\r :5 9 blossom1 & also :5 ! leaves *ange col\r 9 autumn4 ,ea* fl[] is a r$ bell1 = ! petals are r$4 ,"o has a r$ =k$ pi/il ?ru/ out2 ano!r lacks a pi/il1 b has a clu/] ( yell[ /am5s4 ,"o tree may be deep r$ ?r\gh\t1 hav+ only pi/illate fl[]s4 ,ano!r may h only /am9ate fl[]s2 x w be orange col\r$1 by ! bl5d+ ( ! col\rs ( ! yell[ /am5s1 & ! r$ petals4 ,ano!r tree may h fl[]s ( bo? k9ds4 ,occasionally fl[]s w be f\nd t h bo? /am5s & pi/ils4 ,! bees are 9 ! sc>let maples at ! fir/ loos5+ ( ! bud scales4 ,!re is nect> 9 ^? fl[] bells4 ,! col\r & a fa9t fragrance tell ?is secret4 ,f poll5 fl[]s ! busy insects c>ry ! gold5 du/ to ! =k$ pi/ils t set se$s4 ,! w9d helps by scatt]+ poll5 9 ! tree tops1 & v soon ! fl[]s are gone4 ,! /am9ate trees turn gre5 :5 ! op5+ leaves lose _! vivid r$4 ,! pi/illate trees hang out r$ clu/]s ( w+$ se$s bel[ ! op5+ leaf clu/]s4 ,^! r$ trees keep _! "n writt5 pla9ly z long z ! se$ clu/]s sw+4 ,e>ly 9 ,m>*1 ! side buds on ! elm twigs beg9 to swell1 & soon clu/]s ( purpli% fl[]s1 small b v pretty1 come out ( ! l>ge/ buds1 & ! tree top has a purpli% haze ^u x1 t means t spr+ is com+4 ,! bees come to get nect> f ^! e>ly blossoms1 b few p speak ( ! blossom+ elms4 ,!y d n notice t elms ev] blossom2 & are r incr$ul\s :5 a spray is %[n !m cov]$ ) ! graceful little tassels4 8,:o ev] he>d ( elms hav+ fl[]s80 ,! tru? is t e tree1 :5 x is l>ge en\gh1 be>s fl[]s4 ,n e "o be>s fruit1 = "s h poll5 fl[]s only1 ! se$s be+ borne on ! f]tile trees4 ,elms h p]fect fl[]s1 & soon aft] ! leaves op51 ! gre5 fruits are se5 9 clu/]s1 & be=e ,may passes1 ! se$s1 ea* surr\nd$ by an oval w+1 flutt] (f 9 ! w9d4 ,,! ,,am]ican ,,elm ,,& ,,its ,,k9 ,beautiful & /ately1 yet full ( grace is ! =m ( a big elm tree aga9/ ! grey sky ( a cl\dy w9t] day4 ,! tall trunk is cr[n$ ) _m ma9 bran*es1 :i* spread into a wid5+ funnel %ape1 subdivid+ into numb]less small] bran*es1 ^: direction is outw>d & d[nw>d4 ,! num]\s twigs h ! droop ( a weep+ will[4 ,! tree top is wond]ful :5 e limb is b>e4 ,9 summ] ! same tree is a great f\nta9 ( gre5 leaves4 ,! long1 leafy twigs ( new wood are flung out to ! w9d1 & ! tw9kl+ blades dazzle ! eyes l spray4 ,?is is ! "t t we love ! elm = its %ade1 & z an ornam5t to home gr\nds & p>ks4 ,roadside elms are ! fav\rite ne/+ trees ( ! ,baltimore oriole1 ^: hang+ pocket ( grasses & y>ns sw+s at ! end ( a high out] bran*4 ,:5 w9t] is /ill 9 ! air1 & sn[ on ! l&scape1 ! d>k twigs ( ^! b>e elm trees *ange col\r4 ,x is ! purple fl[] clu/]s t are flung out f op5+ buds 9 late ,m>*4 ,x takes %>p eyes to see ! cause ( ! w9e-col\r$ flu% 9 ! tree top4 ,) ! op5+ ( ! leafy %oots 9 ,april1 ! trees get an add$ col\r f ! pale gre5 se$ discs t replace ! fl[]s4 ,^! are w+$1 & !y soon turn br[n1 & fly away on ! fir/ breeze4 ,?is is ! elm's way ( s[+ se$s4 ,a crop ( "y elms gr[s ea* summ] 9 fields & g>d5s ne> ^! se$ trees4 ,! leaf ( ! se$l+ is exactly aft] ! patt]n ( ! p>5tal tree1 b small]4 ,! ,engli% elm is less graceful ?an our ,am]ican tree4 ,x has m ! /ature ( ! :ite oak4 ,! head is compact1 & ! foliage mass ?ick]1 & long]-liv$4 ,! rob9 r$-brea/ ne/s close to ! /urdy trunk1 %ield$ by ! e>lie/ leaves4 ,an old c\plet guides ! f>m] 9 ! old c\ntry3 8,:5 ! elm leaf is z big z a m\se's e>1 ,!n to s[ b>ley nev] fe>40 ,! t\ghness ( elm is rememb]$ by all :o h 8read ( ! wond]ful "o-hoss %ay40 ,no?+ b 8ellum0 0 prop] /uff = ! hubs1 y "k4 ,z x is durable 9 soil1 elm is good timb] = po/s & railroad ties4 ,by its t\ghness & flexibility1 x is fit = waggon tongues1 & all k9ds ( agricultural implem5ts4 ,! anci5t w>rior ( ,engl& 0 likely to c>ry a longb[ made ( ! t\gh ,briti% elm4 ,slipp]y elms gr[ m irregul> 9 =m ?an ! ,am]ican1 & are usually small] trees4 ,bo? k9ds gr[ toge!r 9 ! wood$ regions ea/ ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 !m c be easily detect$ by a bl9d p]son4 ,twigs1 buds1 & leaves ( slipp]y elms are made r\gh & h>% to ! t\* by co>se1 r$di% hairs4 ,boys & _m o!r p l ! ta/e ( ! glut9\s inn] b>k ( ?is tree :5 ! sap is runn+1 & ! limbs & trunks peel easily4 ,_m a tree is sacrific$ to ?is appetite4 ,! same delectable mucilag9\s sub/ance qu5*es ! ?ir/ & allays hung]1--s hunt]s say1 :o h eat5 x :5 lo/ 9 ! woods1 & ?reat5$ ) />vation4 ,p\ltices ( x relieve ?roat tr\bles1 :5 !re is conge/ion4 ,x is a home rem$y = inflammations & fev]s4 ,dri$ & gr\nd1 ! ri* cambium is mix$ ) milk1 & =ms a nutriti\s & ta/y food = invalids4 ,x is a /aple on ! %elves ( apo!c>y %ops4 ,! rock elm might be mi/ak5 = a bur oak 7 ! leaves n decid$ pro( t x is an elm4 ,! limbs are %aggy1 & ! twigs w+$ by ! corky b>k4 ,inde$1 ano!r "n = ! tree is ! cork elm4 ,! framework ( ?is tree is /iff & irregul>1 a decid$ contra/ to ! graceful droop+ top ( ! ,am]ican elm1 ^: symmetry is "o ( its be/ po9ts4 ,! wood has its fibres s int]lac$ t no wood excels x 9 t\ghness & spr+9ess4 ,x is ! :eelwright's *oice4 ,x makes ! f9e/ bridge timb]s1 & ! be/ axe h&les1 & :eel hubs4 ,! w+$ elm is ! smalle/ & da9tie/ ( ! elms4 ,! twigs are broad5$ by a corky ridge on ea* side4 ,?is gives ! tree its "n4 ,! ,indian "n1 ,wahoo1 is also he>d 9 ! ,s\?4 ,! leaves are ( ! elm type1 b unusually small4 ,x is se5 z a /reet & lawn tree 9 cities & t[ns s\? ( ,virg9ia1 & we/ to ,ill9ois & ,texas4 ,,! ,,maple ,,family ,if y meet a tree ( good size1 ) sl5d] bran*es1 & small buds set opposite ^u ! twigs1 y may suspect x ( be+ a maple4 ,! leaves are ne$$ to assure y4 ,if x is w9t] "t1 & ! tree /&s on ! /reet1 ! leaves may all h be5 rak$ away4 ,if ! tree gr[s 9 ! woods1 ! *ances are t !re is a leaf c>pet ov] its roots1 & t mo/ ( ^! leaves h fall5 f its bran*es4 ,y c make sure ( ?is po9t by pick+ up a dead leaf1 exam9+ ! base ( its /alk to see if x fits ! leaf sc>s on ! twigs4 ,if ! leaves are simple1 t is1 if !y h a s+le blade1 ! evid5ce t ?is is a maple is v /rong4 ,!re are a few small trees ) simple leaves set opposite on ! twigs1 b !y d n gr[ z l>ge z maples4 ,does ! leaf h ?ree ma9 divisions1 ea* ) a ve9 :i* is "o ( ?ree l>ge bran*es ( ! leaf /alk8 ,!n y may be sure t ! tree is "o ( ! maple family4 ,simple leaves1 ( ?ree ma9 lobes1 set opposite on ! twigs1 & ! twigs set opposite on ! bran*es1--9 ^! are ! pla9 signature ( ! maples4 ,!y write _! names 9 ^! *>act]s1 across e bran* ?r\gh\t ! gr[+ season1 & on ! leafless bran*es1 & ! dead leaves "u ! tree 9 w9t]4 ,ano!r signature is ! "o-sid$ maple key1 :i* hangs on ! trees all summ]1 & ev5 late into ! w9t] on "s k9ds1 b is %$ 9 e>ly summ] by a few4 ,! two e>ly-bloom+ maples are commonly plant$ z /reet & %ade trees all ov] ! ,ea/]n half ( ! c\ntry4 ,x is easy to recognise ^!1 & to "k !m ap>t by ! leaf alone4 ,! r$ maple is a spread+1 symmetrical tree1 ( m$ium size ) sl5d]1 erect bran*es4 ,! leaves are r$ :5 !y op5 9 spr+2 s are ! fl[]s :i* clu/] on ! b>e twigs 9 e>ly ,april1 be=e ! leaves are out4 ,! clu/]$ fruits t dangle 9 pairs all along ! /ems 9 ,may are r$1 & 9 ! autumn ! tree *anges its gre5 robe ( foliage to sc>let be=e w9t] comes4 ,! buds t clu/] at ! jo9ts are r$ z rubies1 & ! slim twigs gl[ ) ! same w>m col\r1 :i* is w>m] by contra/ ) ! sn[4 ,all maple leaves are m or less cleft into ?ree ma9 divisions4 ,! r$ maple has two %all[ clefts1 ,v-%ap$1 at ! top1 & ! lobes are po9t$ & triangul>4 ,! m>g9s are irregul>ly saw-too!d4 ,^! leaves are (t5 d[ny b5ea?1 & always :ite-l9$ :5 "y4 ,9 summ] !y h pale gre5 l9+s4 ,z a rule1 r$ maple leaves are small1 av]ag+ less ?an ?ree in*es 9 ! l5g? ( _! blades4 ,!y are l>g] on "y trees4 ,! silv] maple is mu* m easily gr[n f se$ ?an ! r$ maple1 b x has a f> m irregul> tree top4 ,! limbs bran* l[ on ! trunk1 & ^! limbs gr[ v long1 giv+ ! tree a loose head ( great height1 & great horizontal spread4 ,! small bran*es curve d[nw>d1 & ! twigs are held erect4 ,! w9d twi/s & breaks ^! great weak limbs1 or wr5*es !m loose f ! trunk4 ,x is dang]\s to h ^! trees ne> ! h\se1 = w9d & ice /orms are con/antly snapp+ (f bran*es l>ge en\gh to break w9d[s1 or knock d[n *imneys z !y fall4 ,illu/ration3 ,! fl[]s ( ! r$ maple are conceal$ 9 w9t] 9 br[n buds ,illu/ration3 ,se$s ( r$ maple1 9 late ,may1 & 9 e>ly ,april ,! fl[]s ( ! silv] maple %[ no r$4 ,!y come out gre5i%-yell[ on ! twigs :5 ! r$ maple's fl[]s are gl[+ on _! r$ twigs 9 ,m>*1 & e>ly ,april4 ,! leaves are pale gre51 :ite b5ea?1 & set on long flexible /ems4 ,!y are l>g] ?an ! leaves ( ! r$ maple1 & cleft 9 a di/9ctly diff]5t way4 ,a n>r[1 deep fissure divides ! leaf 9 ?irds1 & two side clefts divide ! l[] lobes 9 two unequal halves4 ,^! fissures rea* two-?irds ( ! way ?r\gh ! leaf blade1 & ea* lobe is cleft along its sides1 into _m irregul> bays & capes4 ,^! leaves are always silv]y :ite b5ea? 9 summ]1 & !y turn to yell[ 9 ! autumn4 ,9 late ,may ! pairs ( w+$ keys hang on %ort /ems4 ,ea* key is ab\t two in*es long1 fuzzy gre51 until ripe1 twice ! l5g? ( ! smoo? keys ( ! r$ maple1 :i* are rip5+ at ! same "t4 ,x is good fun to lie "u a maple tree1 & wat* ! se$s z !y fall4 ,if ! w9d is /rong1 !y %[] d[n l ra94 ,ea* key sep>ates f its mate1 & z x lets g its hold on ! twig1 ! w9d cat*es its ?9 w+1 & s5ds x :irl+ r\nd & r\nd4 ,! heavy se$ makes = ! e>?1 :ile ! flat blade above x acts z a p>a*ute1 or a sail1 to keep x 9 ! air4 ,h[ f> does a silv] maple s5d its se$s 9 ^! summ] days1 :5 !y are fall+8 ,x is easy to answ] ?is "q by pac+ ! di/ance f ! tree trunk 9 a /raight l9e to ! po9t :]e ! f>!/ key falls4 ,g 9 ! direction t[>ds :i* ! w9d is bl[+1 9 det]m9+ ?is di/ance4 ,x w be int]e/+ to run out ano!r l9e f ! tree trunk to f9d out h[ f> ! se$s are ?r[n on ! side t is aga9/ ! w9d4 ,f ! silv] maple g to a r$ maple1 & wat* ! h>ve/ ( ^! small-w+$ keys4 ,d a little measur+ "h1 & f9d out if _! small] size & weight enables ^! se$s to sail fur!r 9 ! same breeze ?an ^? ( ! silv] maple4 ,! sug> maple is kn[n also z ! rock or h>d maple1 because its wood is h>d]1 & !re=e sl[] to gr[1 ?an ! two quick-gr[+ s(t maples j describ$4 ,?is is ! "o ^: trunk is tapp$ 9 spr+1 & ! sap boil$ d[n 9 great kettles ov] an op5 fire 9 ! woods4 ,:5 ! wat] is all evaporat$1 solid cakes ( maple sug> rema94 ,if y are walk+ 9 ! woods 9 w9t]1 & come ^u any trees bor$ ) small aug] holes1 sev]al ne> ! base ( ea* trunk1 y may suspect t ?is is a grove ( h>d maples :i* ! ,new ,engl& f>m] calls 8 8sug> bu%40 ,look at ! twigs1 & y w see t ! plump r\nd buds are set opposite1 & ! twigs are opposite on ! bran*4 ,?is is ! way ) all maple trees4 ,are ! bran*es _m1 & d !y %oot upw>d r ?an outw>d1 & =m an oval head8 ,?is is ! typical habit ( "y h>d maple trees4 ,z !y gr[ old] ! heavy l[] limbs become horizontal4 ,!y are clean1 h>dy1 vigor\s trees1 long-liv$1 dep5dable1 able to meet ! /orms1 & to suff] ! !ft ( _! ri* sap e spr+ )\t app>5t loss ( /r5g? & vitality4 ,! leaves come out lat] ?an ^? ( ! s(t maples4 ,!y are firm1 & broad1 ) five po9t$ lobes betwe5 wide fissures t rea* half-way to ! /em4 ,m>g9s ( ^! lobes are wavy1 nev] saw-too!d1 l ^? ( ! silv] maple4 ,!y are d>k gre5 above1 ) pal] l9+s4 ,9 autumn !y turn to yell[1 orange1 & r$4 ,! fl[]s op5 9 ,may1 %ortly aft] ! leaves appe>4 ,!y are 9 ?ick1 hairy1 yell[i% clu/]s4 ,"s are pi/illate1 "s /am9ate1 9 ! same clu/]4 ,^? ) ! =k$ pi/ils rema9 & gr[ into smoo? fruits t[>ds ! end ( summ]4 ,! keys ( sug> maples are %ort-w+$1 l ^? ( ! r$ maple1 b h /\t]1 ?ick] se$s4 ,!y are %$ 9 late autumn & e>ly w9t]4 ,h>d maples are among ! be/ ( %ade trees1 & ! glory ( _! autumn col\r+ makes !m "o ( ! mo/ to be desir$ among trees plant$ m]ely = ornam5t4 ,a /reet plant$ to h>d maples is well plant$ always4 ,b p are impati5t = trees to gr[ up4 ,! sl[ gr[? ( ! sug> maple is disc\rag+4 ,x is a good plan to plant ! quick-gr[+ s(t maples1 & alt]nate ) !m ! sl[-gr[+ species4 ,= a few ye>s ! s(t maples are pretty1 & ) ea* ye>'s gr[? !y give m abundant %ade4 ,by ! "t ! w9d has crippl$ _! long arms1 & made ! trees unsightly1 ! h>d maples are com+ on to take _! places1 & !y ne$ ! room :i* is giv5 !m by ! removal ( _! neighb\rs on to ! left & "r4 ,:5 ,i w5t into ! woods ( ,oregon1 ,i f\nd ! v9e maple trees1 :i* seems n to h suffici5t backbone to /& upright4 ,^! trees />t to gr[ erect1 b _! weight soon ov]comes _! /r5g?1 & !y droop1 b keep on gr[+1 ) _! limbs pro/rate on ! gr\nd4 ,! wet l& 9 _m places 0 cov]$ ) a network ( ! int]f]+ bran*es ( ^! s]p5t9e maple trees4 ,! leaf is ab\t ! size ( ! palm ( my h&1 & almo/ circul>4 ,! bord] is cut into _m %all[ lobes4 ,! se$s are *>act]i/ic keys1 smoo?1 & ! w+s ( ea* pair are spread almo/ opposite ea* o!r4 ,! ,norway maple is a mo/ popul> /reet tree4 ,its foliage is v d5se1 & ! tree =ms a r\nd1 symmetrical head4 ,! broad1 five-lob$ leaves are remotely too!d1 smoo?1 ?91 & d>k gre5 on bo? sides4 ,break a leaf /em1 & a milky juice appe>s4 ,! se$s are v flat1 & h broad1 fl>+ w+s4 ,! fl[]s are yell[i%4 ,great clu/]s ( !m come out ) ! leaves4 ,! se$s are ripe 9 autumn4 ,we %all f9d t ! foliage ( ! ,norway maple /&s ! we> & te> bett] ?an t ( _m %ade trees4 ,! cr[n ( a ,norway maple turns to bright gold 9 autumn1 & mo/ ( ! leaves are /ill unm>r$ :5 !y fall4 ,! box eld] is ! "o native maple :i* has comp\nd leaves4 ,! leaf blade is cleft q to ! /em1 & ! ?irds =m sep>ate leaflets1 ea* m\nt$ on its own /alk4 ,^! leaves are set opposite on ! twigs1 l ^? ( o!r maples4 ,9 spr+ p9k fr+es l corn silk decorate ! bran*es ( c]ta9 box eld] trees4 ,o!r trees ( ! same k9d hide little gre5 fl[]s among ! op5+ leaves4 ,! p9k fr+es are ! poll5-be>+ fl[]s1 :i* fall :5 ripe4 ,/am9ate trees nev] be> fruit4 ,all ?r\gh ! summ] ! trees :i* bore ! gre5i% fl[] are dangl+ clu/]s ( pale gre5 se$s1 ea* ) ! peculi> w+1 :i* proves x a maple4 ,:5 ! ragg$1 yell[+ foliage falls1 ^! se$ clu/]s rema9 on ! bran*es1 & all ?r\gh ! w9t] ! w9d is pluck+ & c>ry+ !m away4 ,! wood ( box eld] is v s(t4 ,! tree is plant$ because x gr[s s quickly & surely1 & its se$s are s easily obta9$4 ,b brok5 bran*es give ! old] trees a crippl$1 unhappy look1 & ! ragg$ clu/]s ( se$s give !m a di%evel$ appe>ance all w9t]4 ,=tunate is ! man :o has plant$ elms or h>d maples along ! road1 s t he may take out ! decrepit box eld]s1 & h ! bett] trees com+ on to take _! places4 ,! /rip$ maple is a little tree1 :i* hides 9 ! woods1 & only a few p "k ! tree1 & love x z x des]ves4 ,! /ripes are on its smoo? gre5 b>k1 :i* breaks into a network ( furr[s z ! /ems increase 9 diamet]4 ,^! furr[s expose a v pale "u-b>k1 s t at a %ort di/ance ! trunk seems to be delicately trac$ ) :ite l9es4 ,9 its blossom+ season ! /rip$ maple has a loose1 droop+ clu/] ( yell[1 bell-l fl[]s4 ,! leaves t surr\nd !m are broad & %all[ly ?ree-lob$1 & saw-too!d all ar\nd4 ,! se$s are little maple keys1 small] ?an ^? ( ! r$ maple4 ,! m\nta9 maple is ano!r little tree q z mode/ & retir+ z its /rip$ c\s94 ,x has long]1 m tap]-po9t$ leaves4 ,! fl[] clu/]s are mu* small] ?an ^? ( ! /rip$ maple1 & !y /& erect4 ,! fruits hang late 9 ! w9t]1 on ! grey d[ny twigs1 :i* are bright5$ by r$ buds4 ,,! ,,will[ ,,family ,"o ( ! fir/ tree families ^: "n we le>n is ! will[ family4 ,! memb]s are num]\s1 & ! botani/s f9d great difficulty 9 di/+ui%+ c]ta9 species1 :i* closely resemble ea* o!r2 b ^! tr\bles we %all leave to ! sci5ti/4 ,! po9t = u to consid] is ?is3 ,:5 we see a tree :i* we "k to be a will[1 h[ d we "k x8 8,x looks l a will[10 "s "o says4 ,b :o kn[s1 & c tell h[ will[s look--h[ !y diff] f o!r trees8 ,fir/1 will[s h sl5d]1 flexible twigs t give ! tree tops grace & lightness4 ,second1 will[ leaves are ne>ly always long & slim to mat* ! supple twigs4 ,!y are always simple1 & %ort-/emm$4 ,! wood is light & s(t1 s ! trees break easily 9 /orms ( w9d & ice4 ,an old will[ tree is likely to be crippl$1 b its sc>s & w\nds are cov]$ 9 summ] by ! ar*+ bran*es & ! abundant foliage4 ,! fir/ trees to blossom 9 spr+ are ! %rubby pussy will[s1 a di/9ct k9d ^: catk9s are s eag] to pu% out ( _! scales t _! grey1 silky noses are (t5 se5 9 ,novemb]4 ,frequ5tly1 !y are out & ! scales dropp$ 9 ,febru>y2 b ! yell[ /am5s & ! long-tongu$ pi/ils d n rise above ! grey fur until ,m>*1 at lea/4 ,! mo/ attractive /age ( ^! catk9s is ! e>li] "o1 :5 ! fl[] buds are conceal$ by ! grey silk4 ,by cutt+ pussy will[ twigs 9 ! late fall1 or any "t dur+ ! w9t]1 & putt+ !m into a j> ( wat]1 we may see ! blossom+1 q out ( season4 ,suffici5t food is /or$ 9 ! twig to =ce out ! blossoms1 ev5 to ! %$d+ ( ! poll54 ,x is a *>m+ ?+ 9 ! w9t] to h a vase ( ^! twigs 9 full bloom on a w9d[ sill :5 sn[ banks are pil$ high j outside4 ,will[s are lov]s ( wet gr\nd1 & we %all see groves ( !m scatt]$ along /reams & on ! m>g9s ( ponds & swamps4 ,a few species ?rive 9 dry soil1 & seem to pref] x4 ,"s gr[ at sea level1 o!rs are f\nd on high m\nta9s4 ,f small %rubs !y v>y to mighty trees4 ,!re is no climate & no soil t does n h its native will[s4 ,! family is di/ribut$ f ! ,equator to ! ,arctic ,circle4 ,x is v common 9 _m places = f>m]s to plant a grove ( will[s = a w9dbreak1 to protect _! h\ses & b>ns4 ,?is is especially se5 9 prairie /ates & o!r treeless regions4 ,will[s are quick-gr[+ trees1 & sure to gr[4 ,all "o ne$s d is to cut limbs f a gr[+ tree1 *op ^! limbs into pieces ! l5g? ( /ove wood1 & drive !m into ! gr\nd4 ,ea* "o takes root1 & gr[s into a tree1 if ! soil is at all moi/4 ,ano!r plan is to cut f5ce po/s f ! will[ grove1 & drive !m into ! gr\nd4 ,ea* ( ^! po/s =ms ! trunk ( a will[ tree1 :i* soon has a great head ( bran*es4 ,9 ,holl& & o!r c\ntries1 will[s are ?ickly plant$ to =m h$ges & = _! roots to hold ! soil along ! banks ( /reams & dit*es4 ,! same trees may p]=m a d\ble s]vice4 ,will[ wood makes good summ] fuel1 :]e a quick1 hot fire is desir$4 ,! twigs make ! be/ *>coal us$ 9 ! manufacture ( gunp[d]4 ,! long1 flexible twigs ( a l[-gr[+ will[ are us$ 9 ! manufacture ( wick] *airs1 tables1 & o!r furniture4 ,^! trees are gr[n on a l>ge scale 9 ,france & o!r ,european c\ntries1 & ! indu/ry is be+ introduc$ 9 "s p>ts ( ,am]ica4 ,:5 spr+ comes on1 we may notice a peculi> *ange 9 ! col\r ( ! b>e will[s t l9e ! /ream bord]s4 ,! twigs turn gradually gre51 & ! long1 po9t$ buds prep>e to ca/ (f _! s+le scales4 ,^! are %ap$ l ! long1 knitt$ caps :i* *ildr5 we> 9 w9t] "t1 al?\gh !re is no tassel at ! end4 ,! cap fits snugly ov] ! long bud1 & is fa/5$ 9 a circle at ! jo9t4 ,! swell+ bud simply pu%es x (f4 ,"u ^! trees1 we %all f9d a good _m fre% twigs4 ,rea*+ up to break "o1 we f9d t x snaps (f %ort at ! base4 ,x is n brittle along its :ole l5g?4 ,try a doz5 twigs1 & (f !y snap1 almo/ at a t\*4 ,! w9d has brok5 (f ^? t fell to ! gr\nd4 ,"s t fall 9 ! wat]1 float away d[n /ream4 ,!y cat* on s&b>s1 & /rike root4 ,"s sw+ 9 to ! %ore1 & gr[ on ! banks4 ,we h discov]$ a habit ( c]ta9 k9ds ( will[ trees4 ,! %$d+ ( _! twigs at ! season :5 !y are fulle/ ( life is ! tree's me?od ( colonis+ new t]ritory4 ,^! twigs float away1 & bl[ away1 & ^? :i* lodge 9 wet gr\nd be=e !y dry are almo/ sure to gr[4 ,! bill[y acres ( gre5 :i* cov] s&b>s & /ream bord]s are will[ trees1 *ildr5 ( p>5ts t gr[ f> up /ream4 ,along roadsides 9 ?is c\ntry a l>ge will[ is mu* plant$1 ^: leaves are pale b5ea?1 s t !y look v *e]ful & cool 9 midsumm]4 ,! mo/ /rik+ ?+ ab\t ^! will[s is t _! twigs are yell[ z ducks' feet1 & p>ticul>ly bright 9 e>ly spr+4 ,! old] trees gr[ v /\t1 & great bran*es leave ! trunk close to ! gr\nd4 ,?is is ! gold5 osi] will[1 "o =m ( ! :ite will[ ( ,europe1 :i* does n gr[ vigor\sly 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! weep+ will[s1 ^: long1 supple bran*es sweep out & d[nw>d1 sometimes y>ds 9 l5g?1 f ! tree top1 came orig9ally f ,babylon4 ,:o 7 !y 9 t f> c\ntry :o 8hung _! h>ps on ! will[ trees08 ,a great _m weep+ will[s 9 ! ,ea/]n /ates are said to be sprung f ! p>5t tree1 :i* grew on ! ,isl& ( ,/4 ,hel5a4 ,:at fam\s prison] probably sat "u ! %ad[s ( ?is will[ tree1 & dream$ aga9 ( conqu]+ ! _w8 ,! weep+ will[ has ! habit ( snapp+ its twigs (f1 %ort1 at ! base4 ,"o ( ^! long )es1 cut into bits ) "o or two buds on ea* cutt+1 w />t z _m weep+ will[ trees1 if ! bits are /uck into wet s& & kept wet until root$1 & !n set out & giv5 pl5ty ( wat] until !y become e/abli%$ 9 ! gr\nd4 ,! black will[ is nam$ = ! black b>k ( ! old tree4 ,x is ! only "o ( ! n>r[-leav$ will[s ^: leaves are uni=mly gre5 on bo? sides4 ,^! leaves are (t5 curv$ l a sickle4 ,at ! base ( ea* leaf is a pair ( he>t-%ap$1 leafy blades1 call$ /ipules4 ,_m trees h /ipules t come out ) ! leaves1 & are dropp$ (f1 b ^! p]si/1 z a rule1 all summ]4 ,! black will[ is "o ( ^? ) ! twigs t snap4 ,x takes possession ( /ream bord]s1 & its (fspr+ may cov] miles ( new t]ritory 9 a s+le season4 ,! balsam will[ we %all "k by ! fragrant coat+ ( wax1 or balsam1 on its "y %oots & buds4 ,its broad leaves are blunt at ! tip1 & look sc>cely will[-l1 b ! tree is kn[n by its buds & its catk9s4 ,to f9d x we %all h to g into ! boggy regions 9 ! ,nor!rn ti] ( /ates1 :]e x is num]\s1 b nev] m ?an a %rubby tree4 ,"o use is s]v$ by no tree z well z a will[4 ,:5 ! sap rises 9 spr+1 ! will[ bran*es are 9 prime condition to make :i/les4 ,i wond] if !re is a boy1 9 t[n or c\ntry1 :o does n "k h[ to make a will[ :i/le t w 8g08 ,surely n1 unless 8 supply ( uncles & gr&fa!rs is %ort4 ,y _c make a will[ :i/le by foll[+ pr9t$ directions4 ,"s skilful p]son1 :o has be5 a boy1 mu/ %[ y1 & "o lesson is en\gh4 ,,:y ,,trees ,,ne$ ,,leaves ,spr+ or e>ly summ] is ! be/ "t to /udy ! leaves ( trees4 ,!y are clean1 & fre%1 & new4 ,e tree is a great m\nd ( gre54 ,! broad-leav$ trees seem to be ?at*$ or %+l$ ) ov]lapp+ blades s t no sunlight c get into ! d>k5$ room1 :i* is empty except = ! b>e bran*es t support ?is out] dome ( leaves4 ,a sug> maple1 or a l9d5 tree1 %[s be/ ?is out] ?at*1 :i* is s ?ick t ! sun is unable to look ?r\gh4 ,! bird fly+ ov]head sees only a solid mass ( leaves4 ,! "o on its ne/ 9 a =k$ limb looks up & sees ! inside ( ?is leafy tree cov]4 ,%e is glad = ! twilight t surr\nds h]1 & = ! coolness ( ?is %ady place2 b m glad t h] ne/ is hidd5 f sight ( hawks t sail ov]head1 :ile %e keeps a close wat* = sly1 ?iev+ r$ squirrels t may come to /eal h] eggs1 by climb+ up ! bran*es4 ,:at are ! leaves =8 ,:y does ! tree put out 9 spr+ "y %oots ) r[s ( leaves along _! sides8 ,:y does ! tree hold ^! bran*es out z f> z possible f ! trunk1 & b5d ! leaf /ems & ! twigs s z to face ! leaf blades t[>ds ! sun8 ,! reason is ?is3 ! life ( ! trees is 9 ! gre5 lay] :i* we see on ! surface ( all gre5 %oots1 & :i* we c discov] "u ! old] b>k ( twigs1 :i* has turn$ br[n4 ,foll[+ ! twig back f its tip1 all ( ! leafy "p is gre54 ,beh9d x ! smoo? twig is no long] gre51 b a ?umb nail easily /rips (f ! lay] ( br[n1 & reveals ! gre5 "u b>k4 ,g a little fur!r back1 & gradually ! out] b>k ?ick5s1 & x is m difficult to get at ! s(t "u lay]4 ,aft] a :ile1 we %all ne$ a knife to rea* x1 = old b>k is h>d & t\gh4 ,:5 ! b>k gets s ?ick t ! sun _c rea* ! gre5 lay]1 ! col\r fades out4 ,! liv+ "p ( ! trunk ( ! tree is ! s(t1 juicy lay] betwe5 ! b>k & wood4 ,?r\gh ?is portion ( ! tree ! sap rises f ! roots1 & f9ally rea*es ! leaves4 ,?is sap ne$s to be *ang$ be=e x c be useful to ! tree z food4 ,! leaves are ! places :]e ^! *anges take place4 ,?r\gh little doorways 9 ! "u sides ( ! leaf air passes 94 ,) x goes c>bonic acid gas1 an important food elem5t4 ,! s(t gre5 leaf pulp1 :i* is ! gre5 juice ( a bruis$ leaf1 has a wond]ful "w to d4 ,x _c d ?is "w unless ! sun is %9+ ^u x4 ,on a bright day e leaf is mak+ />*1 & s5d+ x d[n ?r\gh ! twigs & bran*es z food4 ,?is />* is conta9$ 9 ! sug>y sap t fl[s back con/antly f ! leaves to ! f>!/ root tips4 ,x is made 9 ! leaves out ( ! sap br\ght up f ! roots & ! c>bonic acid gas :i* ! leaves absorb f ! air4 ,z long z ! leaves d _! "w1 ! tree is able to gr[1 & to blossom1 & to rip5 its se$s4 ,:5 ! leaves h done _! "w ! summ] has pass$2 ! tree lets g ! leaves1 & re/s )\t gr[+ all w9t]4 ,x is n easy to expla9 ! "w ( ! leaves1 nor ev5 to und]/& ! wond]ful "w accompli%$ !re all ?r\gh ! summ]4 ,:5 we eat1 our food mu/ g into ! /oma* to be *ang$ by ! processes call$ dige/ion4 ,x is h\rs be=e ! dige/$ food is p\r$ into ! blood & c>ri$ to all p>ts ( ! body4 ,! tree takes its food f ! air1 & f ! soil4 ,nei!r ! dirty wat] t rises z sap to ! leaves1 nor ! gas :i* ent]s ! leaf doorways f ! air1 is useful z food to ! gr[+ tree until !y h be5 comb9$ & *ang$4 ,! leaves are1 !n1 9 a s5se1 ! /oma*s ( ! trees1 = 9 !m ! raw foods mu/ be 8dige/$0 be=e !y are ready to be p\r$ into ! life blood t fl[s d[n ?r\gh all ! live p>ts ( ! tree4 ,n[ !y are fit to fe$ ! gr[+ cells1 :i* are always hungry4 ,,leaves ,,( ,,all ,,%apes ,,& ,,sizes ,! leaf ( ! tree is its visit+ c>d4 ,we %all le>n to "k trees by _! leaves1 z easily z if ! "n 7 writt5 across ! face ( ! leaf4 ,"s leaves h a s+le blade ( gre51 & = ?is reason ! botani/ calls !m simple leaves4 ,?is blade has a /em t unites x ) ! twig4 ,a comp\nd leaf is "o ^: /em be>s m ?an "o blade4 ,^! small blades are call$ leaflets4 ,!re are two types ( comp\nd leaves1 "o fea!r-l1 hav+ a ma9 /em ) leaflets arrang$ 9 two r[s on opposite sides ( ?is /em4 ,su* a leaf is fea!r-l4 ,! o!r type has a leaf /em ) all ! leaflets atta*$ at "o end4 ,! horse *e/nut is ! be/ example ( ?is type4 ,! leaves spread f ! end ( ! /alk some:at z ! f+]s rise f ! palm ( y\r h&4 ,! bigge/ leaves ) s+le blades to be f\nd 9 our =e/s gr[ on trees ( ! magnolia family4 ,! silv]-l9$ leaves ( ! l>ge-leav$ cucumb] tree are ov] a foot 9 l5g?1 sometimes two & "o-half feet1 d[n ,s\?4 ,^! great leaves are ab\t "o-f\r? z wide z long1 & at ! base ea* "o broad5s & ext5ds backw>d into two r\nd$ e>-l lobes4 ,?is gives ! tree ! "n1 e>-leav$ magnolia4 ,! :ole leaf flaps 9 ! w9d1 l ! e> ( an elephant1 &1 ( c\rse1 ! w9d la%es x into /r+s & soon robs x ( its beauty4 ,! ,nor!rn cucumb] tree is ano!r magnolia ^: leaves are tropical-look+4 ,?is is ! h>die/ ( ! magnolia family1 & its he>t-%ap$ leaves are six to t5 in*es long4 ,!y are n l>ge = a magnolia ( ! ,s\?1 b !y look l>g] because !y gr[ among ! small-leav$ trees ( ! ,nor!rn /ates4 ,! tulip tree has a l>ge leaf ( peculi> =m4 ,x is broad l a maple leaf at ! base1 b at ! tip x is cut (f squ>e z if ) a pair ( %e>s1 =m+ a "r angle ) its /raight sides4 ,sometimes ! leaf is not*$1 z if a ,v-%ap$ piece 7 cut out ( ! squ>e tip4 ,^! leaves are long-/emm$1 _! blades poli%$1 & !y flutt] on ! twigs ) ! lightness ( a popl> leaf4 ,once we h 9 m9d ! =m ( ! leaf ( ! tulip tree1 we %all nev] =get x1 = x is diff]5t f all o!r leaves4 ,! catalpa tree1 :i* lifts its great blossom clu/]s above ! foliage 9 late ,june1 is ano!r ( ! few l>ge-leav$ trees ( ! ,nor?4 ,! s+le blade is he>t-%ap$1 six to eight in*es long1 & m ?an half z broad4 ,^! leaves usually h pla9 m>g9s1 b sometimes !y are wavy & not*$ ne> ! base s z to produce fa9t side lobes4 ,! blades hang on long1 /\t /ems4 ,among ! fea!r-leav$ trees1 ! walnuts & butt]nuts1 ! suma*s1 & ! ailan?us1 furni% examples4 ,a black walnut leaf is (t5 two feet long1 ) a doz5 or m leaflets on ! longe/ ones4 ,^! leaflets are always set opposite 9 pairs1 ) an odd "o on ! tip ( ! leaf /em4 ,butt]nut leaves h ! same =m1 b ! leaves are long]4 ,!y range f fifte5 to ?irty in*es1 & h f t5 to tw5ty leaflets1 b always an odd numb]4 ,! peculi> gummy feel+ ( ^! hairy leaves1 & _! pung5t butt]nut od\r :5 bruis$1 make x easy to "k ! tree :]ev] we meet x1 ?r\gh ! long summ]4 ,! hickories are c\s9s ( ! walnuts1 b _! leaves1 ?\gh ( ! fea!r =m1 h l>g] & few] leaflets ?an any walnut tree4 ,a %agb>k hickory leaf has "o or two pairs ( little leaflets on ! /em1 & above !m ?ree ( l>g] size4 ,! pignut has ! same habit ( clu/]+ its ?ree l>ge/ leaves at ! tip ( ! leaf /em1 & tap]+ (f at ! base ) "o or two pairs ( decreas+ size4 ,! l>ge/ ( all ! comp\nd leaves h bran*$ /ems to :i* leaflets are atta*$4 ,! ma9 leaf /em's side bran*es may yet bran* aga91 =m+ a twice-bran*$ framework t is set ) leaflets1 n l>ge1 b s num]\s z to make ! :ole leaf surpris+ly l>ge4 ,! greate/ ( ^! twice-comp\nd leaves is borne by t a/oni%+1 sp9y-/emm$ ,h]cules' club4 ,a s+le leaf is (t5 f\r feet long1 & ne>ly a y>d wide4 ,!re are no leaflets on ! ma9 /em2 !y are on ! side bran*es4 ,h[ %all we tell a leaf /em f a twig8 ,leaf /ems d n look l ! twigs ( ! tree4 ,a little practice 9 look+ closely & comp>+ ^! leaf /ems & twigs w obviate any confusion ( ! two4 ,! leaf has a bud at its base1 & x breaks (f easily at ?is jo9t4 ,illu/ration3 ,! sug> maple trees are tapp$ 9 ,febru>y2 !y bloom 9 ,may aft] ! leaves come out2 !y rip5 _! keys 9 ,octob]1 :5 ! foliage turns to r$ & yell[4 ,illu/ration3 ,leaves ( black will[ h frills at _! bases4 ,twigs ( pussy-will[s1 cut & br\ght indoors1 c be =c$ into bloom 9 midw9t] ,among ! f9e1 fea!ry leaves t are s beautiful & light t !y give great beauty to ! tree tops are ^? ( ! honey locu/4 ,^! leaves are ( ! fea!r type1 ! sl5d] /ems1 ) d\ble r[s ( t9y leaflets4 ,v (t5 we f9d among ! s+le fea!r =ms1 leaves ( great] size1 :i* h bran*$ /ems4 ,?is bran*+ multiplies ! numb] ( leaflets1 & gives u1 on ! same trees1 :at ! botani/s call once comp\nd1 & twice comp\nd leaves4 ,! simple fea!r & ! bran*$ fea!r =ms add greatly to ! beauty & luxuriance ( ! foliage ( ! honey locu/4 ,! common black locu/ ( ! roadside has s+le leaf /ems ) oblong leaflets set 9 opposite r[s ^u x4 ,a% trees h ! same fea!r type ( leaves1 ! leaflets usually po9t$ & oval1 & always an odd "o at ! tip4 ,!y are all l>g] ?an leaves ( ! locu/s4 ,9 ! maple family !re is a broad1 simple blade1 ab\t z wide z x is long4 ,x is a family trait to h ?ree ma9 ve9s runn+ out f ! end ( ! leaf /em1 into ! blade4 ,ea* ( ^! ve9s has side bran*es1 & !y are connect$ ) a network ( small] ve9s4 ,betwe5 ! tips ( ^! ?ree ma9 ve9s ! leaf is usually not*$1 s z to divide x into ?irds4 ,9 ! r$ maple ^! not*es are %all[ ,v's cut out1 leav+ triangul> po9ts4 ,9 ! silv] maple ! leaves are cut by deep] clefts1 :i* rea* m ?an half-way to ! leaf /alk4 ,! ?ree lobes are cut ) jagg$ po9ts into an unev5 m>g94 ,! sug> maple has its ?ree lobes sep>at$ by wide1 deep clefts1 & its m>g9s are irregul>ly wavy4 ,! box eld]1 :i* is a maple1 is cleft s deeply t ! blade is split into ?ree di/9ct leaflets1 ea* ) its own %ort /em4 ,?is makes a comp\nd leaf ( x4 ,x is ! only maple ) a leaf ( m ?an "o blade4 ,! tree :i* %[s ! greate/ diff]5ce 9 ! =m ( its leaves is ! sassafras1 ^: oval leaves gr[ on ! same /em ) mitt5s & d\ble mitt5s--a mitt5 patt]n ) a ?umb on ea* side4 ,! haw?orns h small oval leaves ) v>i\sly cleft bord]s4 ,!re are ov] a hundr$ k9ds ( haw?orns 9 our woods1 & ea* k9d has a leaf diff]5t f all ! re/2 yet a s+le tree w (t5 %[ leaves t diff] s mu* f ! o!rs 9 =m t we might easily suspect1 if "s "o br\ght !m to u1 t ea* grew on a diff]5t tree f all ! re/4 ,_m oak trees h ! same habit ( leaf v>iation1 s t ev5 a =e/] has to exam9e _m leaves ) c>e1 & ) !m ! buds & ! acorns1 to make sure t he has call$ ! oak by its "r "n4 ,! behavi\r ( ! leaves ( a tree dep5ds l>gely on ! l5g? & flexibility ( _! /ems4 ,if !y are long1 & sl5d]1 & supple1 ! tree-top is 9 a cont9ual flutt] :5 ! w9d bl[s4 ,if !y are ?ick & /iff1 !y d n cat* ! breeze z readily1 & _! blades lie comp>atively /ill :5 o!r trees ne> by may be tw9kl+ & trembl+4 ,leaves ) deeply cut bord]s1 l "s oaks & maples1 flutt] mu* m ?an leaves l ! basswood1 ^: bord]s are unbrok54 ,oak leaves t are deeply cut w r>ely lie d[n flat4 ,! curv+ bays 9 its bord]s cause ! leaf to curl1 s t no matt] :at face is pres5t$1 ! w9d gets "u & /rikes "s surface1 & sets ! leaf to danc+4 ,! flat leaf /ems ( ! trembl+ asp51 "o ( ! popl> family1 are v flexible1 & !y are flatt5$ at "r angles to ! blades ( ! leaves4 ,:5 a breeze comes by1 x may /rike ! edge ( ! leaf1 b if s1 x cat*es ! flat leaf /em broadside4 ,if x comes f any o!r direction ! leaf trembles1 because "o ( ! blades is sure to receive ! =ce ( ! w9d4 ,s ! tree top is 9 "o con/ant tremor1 ev5 :5 ! breeze is sc>cely suffici5t to di/urb broad-leav$ trees :i* are ne> neighb\rs ( ! asp5s4 ,:atev] ! =m & size & %ape ( its leaf1 ! tree dep5ds ^u its foliage mass = all ! life x enjoys1 & = all ! gr[? x makes4 ,! soil & ! air fe$ ! tree4 ,! leaves & ! sun d ! "w ( dige/+ ! food4 ,9 ! por\s wood & b>k are ! *annels ?r\gh :i* sap m\nts upw>d to ! leaves1 & ano!r set ( *annels :i* c>ry ! prep>$ food back1 leav+ x :]ev] ne$$1 along ! way f tip ( twig to tip ( root4 ,:atev] is n ne$$ is /or$ away1 to be dissolv$ z ne$$ & c>ri$ to ! po9ts :]e ! ne$ is4 ,9 spr+ x is ! gr[+ buds t *iefly ne$ ?is /or$ food4 ,its pres5ce expla9s ! miracle ( ! bur/+ ( blossoms & leaves :5 spr+ comes4 ,"o by "o ! trees ( y\r own y>d may be le>n$ by "n ?is summ]4 ,! leaves are y\r sure guide4 ,trees /ay :]e !y are4 ,once we recognise _! leaves & call !m by "n1 we may dep5d ^u f9d+ !m /ill /&+ ! next day we pass !m1 & _! leaves are /ill held out z ! sign ( recognition4 ,e "t we pass yond] r$ maple let u glance at its ?ree-po9t$ leaf1 & fix its %ape indelibly 9 ! m9d4 ,:5 we h done ?is a doz5 times1 ,i am sure t we %all be able to pick out all ! r$ maples 9 t[n2 & if we j\rney f> f home we may f9d & recognise ! same k9d ( trees by ! same sign4 ,m & m z we gr[ old]1 we f9d out t half ! pleasure ( travell+ is ! occasional meet+ ) old fri5ds1 be !y p or trees4 ,,tree ,,/udies ,,9 ,,! ,,summ] ,,trees ,,) ,,! ,,l>ge/ ,,fl[]s ,if we set out to f9d ! trees t h ! l>ge/ fl[]s1 mean+ to c\nt only trees t gr[ wild 9 our woods1 x w save "t to g /raight s\? into ,nor? ,c>ol9a1 & climb ! foot hills ( ! ,allegh5y ,m\nta9s4 ,or x may be t 9 ! f]tile valleys t lie betwe5 ! l[ ridges we %all fir/ come ^u a magnolia1 call$ ! l>ge-leav$ cucumb] tree4 ,any:]e f ,nor? ,c>ol9a to ,florida1 & we/ to ,arkansas1 ^! rem>kable trees are likely to be f\nd1 9 small gr\ps4 ,9 cultivation1 !y are successfully plant$ z f> nor? z ,bo/on4 ,be=e ! tree has atta9$ m ?an a man's height x is a wond]1 on acc\nt ( ! leaves :i* measure m ?an a foot 9 l5g?1 & h _! long1 gre5 blades l9$ ) :ite4 ,9 ,june ! fl[]s op5--great :ite b[ls1 made ( wax5 petals1 9 a d\ble r[1 ! inn] ones pa9t$ purple at _! bases1 giv+ ! fl[] a purple c5tre4 ,! w9d bl[s ! leaves ab\t1 & te>s !m into rags1 unless ! tree is 9 a %elt]$ place4 ,! silv]y leaf l9+s1 z :ite z ! blossoms1 make x difficult to see t ! tree is 9 bloom1 until "o is close en\gh to see ! petals4 ,if ! leaves 7 gre5 on bo? sides ! great blossoms1 z l>ge z a man's head1 w\ld be se5 af> (f4 ,! tree w\ld look l a giant rose bu%4 ,f ,p5nsylvania s\?w>d to ! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 & we/ to ,arkansas & ,texas1 ! ev]gre5 magnolia gr[s on /ream bord]s1 & ev5 on upl&s :]e ! soil is n v moi/4 ,:5 ?is pyramid ( %9+ gre5 leaves lights all its wax5 tap]s1 x is a sight wor? a day's j\rney to see4 ,ea* /iff twig is b5t upw>d1 & !re a bud appe>s 9 spr+4 ,a few at a "t1 ! fl[]s op51 & ! bloom+ "t la/s till ,augu/4 ,ea* blossom is a deep1 creamy cup1 made ( six wax-l petals1 surr\nd$ by ?ree :ite sepals4 ,inside are _m /am5s1 purple at ! base1 & a cone ( pi/ils1 all gr[n toge!r4 ,! leaves are oblong or oval1 (t5 eight in*es long1 ?ick1 deep gre51 & bright z if poli%$ on ! upp] surface4 ,! l9+ is dull gre51 sometimes cov]$ ) ru/y d[n4 ,! pal] gre5 & ! bright] poli% on ! "y leaves add mu* beauty to ! tree 9 summ]4 ,9 w9t] ! leaves get grimy & ! tree top is sombre1 = mo/ ( ! foliage has se5 mu* we> & te>4 ,9 autumn ! ends ( ! twigs hold up gre5 cones1 made ( _m furry capsules t end 9 curv$ horns4 ,ea* capsule splits :5 ripe1 & a sc>let se$1 l a b]ry1 hangs out on an ela/ic ?read1 & sw+s l[] & l[]1 until f9ally x is c>ri$ away4 ,?us ! magnolia s[s its se$s 9 w9t]4 ,! %9+ leaves ( ?is magnolia come ,nor? at ! ,*ri/mas season1 & are us$ to decorate homes & *ur*es4 ,holly1 mi/letoe1 palm leaves1 & ! beautiful ,s\!rn smilax are o!r ,*ri/mas gre5s n[ commonly 9 use4 ,!y are all ga!r$ ) magnolia & %oots ( ! long-leaf p9e1 9 ! woods d[n ,s\?4 ,! swamp bay is a magnolia t gr[s z a %rub to ,new ,engl&1 keep+ to ! swampy l&s t skirt ! ,atlantic coa/4 ,e spr+ ! fragrant1 creamy blossoms are to be b\ght f /reet ,arabs 9 ,new ,york & ,philadelphia4 ,a s+le globul> fl[] is surr\nd$ by a :orl ( oval leaves1 bright gre51 b l9$ ) a :ite1 p[d]y sub/ance t makes !m look silv]-l9$4 ,! fl[]s are delici\sly fragrant1 & mo/ beautiful :5 n spread wide op54 ,! sell] (t5 takes ! tr\ble to spr+ ! petals back1 to make ! blossom seem bigg]4 ,! waxy petals turn br[n soon aft] su* h&l+1 & all _! natural beauty dep>ts4 ,f ,florida we/w>d to ,texas ?is magnolia becomes a sl5d]1 tall ev]gre5 tree4 ,! be/ fl[]s ( ?is tree are borne on %oots t are produc$ by prun+ back ! new gr[? ea* ye>4 ,! l>ge/ leaves & fl[]s are also ! h&some/4 ,! cucumb] tree is ! magnolia ( ! ,nor?4 ,x is a f9e tree 9 ,ont>io1 ,canada1 & f ?is region x spreads s\?1 its range wid5+ l a fan1 rea*+ f ,arkansas to ! ,c>ol9as1 & ,mississippi1 & ,alabama4 ,! tropical appe>ance ( ! tree is due to ! big1 he>t-%ap$ leaves4 ,_! tulip-l fl[]s are z l>ge z g>d5 tulips1 b !y make sc>cely any %[1 because !y are v mu* ! same 9 col\r z ! yell[i%-gre5 new leaves t surr\nd !m4 ,! 8cucumb]s0 are ! gre5 cones t conta9 ! se$s4 ,!y are v lumpy & irregul> 9 =m1 b :5 ripe ! cells split op5 & ! sc>let se$1 let d[n on an ela/ic ?read f ea*1 looks l any magnolia se$4 ,cucumb] wood is s(t1 yell[i%-br[n1 & close-gra9$4 ,x is n v good lumb]1 ?\gh put to _m uses4 ,! tree is wor? m alive ?an dead4 ,x is an admirable %ade tree1 ?\gh n plant$ z mu* z x des]ves4 ,! tulip tree is a close relative ( ! magnolias4 ,x is "o ( ! trees ) l>ge fl[]s1 ?\gh1 l ! cucumb] tree1 ! col\r ( ! fl[]s makes !m r inconspicu\s4 ,9 ,june ! upturn$ twigs blossom ) yell[ tulips4 ,! ?ree sepals fl>e outw>d1 ! petals =m ! cup4 ,a b& ( orange decorates ! cup1 & signals ! bees :i* come = nect> hidd5 ne> ! bottom ( ! fl[] cup1 among ! bases ( ! _m /am5s4 ,_m p see ! gay petals ( ! tulip tree fl[]s :5 !y fall on ! sidewalk1 & "s wond] :at ^! bits ( col\r are4 ,a few w say3 8,!re mu/ be a tulip tree ne> by10 & look up to f9d ! s+ul> squ>$-leaf blades t belong to no o!r tree4 ,!re is a :ole tree top flutt]+ ) !m1 & ?is tremul\s motion expla9s :y ! tree is (t5 call$ ! tulip popl>4 ,! yell[ wood gives ! "n1 yell[ popl>4 ,pulp ( ?is wood is us$ = ! manufacture ( ! ord9>y po/al c>ds4 ,x has _m o!r uses1 & is a valuable lumb] tree4 ,= %ade & ornam5t x is "o ( ! be/ trees to plant4 ,! cones ( ! tulip tree d n set free _! se$s1 z ^? ( ! magnolias d4 ,in/ead ( horn$ capsules1 ! cone has flat1 ov]lapp+ blades1 l ! w+ ( a maple se$1 & ! small1 clos$ se$ case is ! base ( ! blade4 ,a few ( ^! se$s are fully develop$4 ,b :5 ! w9t] /rips ! tree ( its leaves1 ! w9d %akes ! cones1 & ! loos5$ scales gradually fall4 ,! w9d cat*es ! flat w+s1 & away !y sail4 ,little tulip trees gr[ up :]e good se$s fall 9 fav\rable gr\nd4 ,"o day a neighb\r told me t !re 0 a tree 9 blossom on ! side ( ! rav9e4 ,?is 0 a /range /ory1 = x 0 ! dead ( w9t]4 ,we w5t to see ?is wond]ful tree4 ,:at d y ?9k x 08 ,a tulip tree1 ) ! se$ cones half /ripp$ ( _! se$s1 & %9+ l yell[ fl[]s on ! ends ( ! twigs4 ,x 0 n /range at all t a p]son :o did n "k ! tree1 & _h nev] se5 its cones 9 mid-w9t]1 %\ld make ?is v mi/ake4 ,! fl[]+ dogwood invites u e spr+ to break (f bran*es cov]$ ) big1 :ite blossoms1 ea* l a f\r-po9t$ />1 ) a clu/] ( small :ite buds 9 ! c5tre4 ,! trees are small & l[-bran*+1 _! limbs are flat1 & !y spread outw>d & slightly d[nw>d4 ,:o c resi/ cutt+ a few ( ! blossom+ b\ghs ( ?is lovely tree6 ,! be/ "p is t ! tree suff]s n at all if ! prun+ is done ) "s c>e4 ,take a ?\ght = ! tree2 cut ! bran*es clean ) a knife4 ,take !m (f :]e !y are ?ick1 & y w leave ! tree bett] 9 %ape ?an :5 y came4 ,d n /rip x ( fl[]s4 ,?is w cripple x4 ,a few sprays ( dogwood1 prettily arrang$ 9 a vase1 are a delight to ! eye4 ,a cr[d$ mass ( !m is n at all4 ,! f\r out] w+s ( :ite are n ! petals ( a dogwood blossom4 ,!y are col\rless leaves1 ! full-gr[n scales ( ! w9t] fl[] buds4 ,! not* at ! tip is made by ! fall+ (f ( ! )]$ tip :i* 9 w9t] protect$ ! fl[]s4 ,! base grew long & broad & turn$ gradually :ite4 ,! bees see ^! :ite bann]s f>!r1 p]haps1 ?an !y c cat* ! fa9t p]fume4 ,wat* ! bee z %e probes ! middle fl[]s = nect>4 ,see ! poll5 on h] hairy body4 ,f "o to ano!r1 %e is ! poll5 di/ributor ( ^! fl[]s1 & %e doesn't "k x4 ,,trees ,,mo/ ,,%[y ,,9 ,,bloom ,sometimes a tree ) v small fl[]s has su* a multitude ( !m t x attracts m att5tion & admiration :5 9 blossom ?an ! trees ) ! l>ge/ fl[]s4 ,a magnolia blossom z l>ge z a cabbage head mu/ sacrifice delicacy to size4 ,we mu/ see x at a di/ance to ov]look its co>s5ess1 & to escape its ov]p[]+ p]fume4 ,an or*>d 9 e>ly ,may is trans=m$ into fairyl& by ! op5+ ( millions ( buds4 ,apple trees h j begun to unfold ! new leaves4 ,!y are pale gre51 & coat$ ) :ite hairs1 s t a silv]y cl\d re/s on ! tree :5 ! :ite blossoms1 w>m$ ) a t+e ( p9k1 come ) a ru% t takes "o's brea? away4 ,a s+le apple blossom has its five fl>+ petals inside ( five gre5 sepals t are ! bud's gre5 ov]coat4 ,! /am5s are _m2 ! pi/ils five 9 ! c5tre ( ! fl[]4 ,! plan ( ! fl[] is five4 ,! gre5 lump bel[ ! blossom is ! apple1 already =m+4 ,inside x are ! five cells ( ! core1 & ea* has its se$s already =m+1 if ! five pi/ils h ea* caught a gra9 ( poll5 = ea* ( ! embryo se$s its *amb] ( ! core conta9$4 ,! delicate col\r & ri* fragrance ( ! apple or*>d are en*ant+4 ,to ! honey bees ^! two signals call to a fea/ ( nect>4 ,all unkn[n to !m1 !y c>ry poll5 on _! furry bodies f fl[] to fl[]1 & ?us enable ! pi/ils to set se$4 ,if ! days are damp & !re are frequ5t %[]s :ile ! apple trees are 9 bloom1 ! bees are kept at home1 & !re w be b a small crop ( apples4 ,=tunately = ! bees & = u1 ! blossoms d n all come out on ! same day4 ,! trees & ! bees are hopeful till ! la/ mom5t t ! sun w %9e1 & ! nect> be ga!r$1 be=e ! opportunity ( ! ye> passes4 ,fl[]s mu* l apple blossoms 9 =m cov] ! twigs ( haw?orn trees4 ,!y are usually 9 _m-fl[]$ clu/]s1 set (f by ! gre5 leaves4 ,fragrance1 sometimes sick5+ sweet1 draws ! bees & o!r insects to ^! trees4 ,nect> drips f ! blossoms ( "s species4 ,! ?orny bran*es spread sidewise1 hold+ ! blossoms out 9 wide plat=ms4 ,! r$ fruits1 call$ haws1 adorn ! trees 9 late summ]4 ,plum & *]ry trees are lad5 ) :ite bloom1 & heavy ) fragrance4 ,"s species hav5't a leaf :5 !y bloom4 ,& ^! are among ! %[ie/ ( blossom+ trees4 ,9 ^! fl[]s !re are s+le pi/ils1 & b a s+le gra9 ( poll5 is ne$$ to set se$4 ,! s+le se$ is ! pit1 or /one1 ( ?is family kn[n z ! trees ) /one fruits4 ,,trees ,,t ,,bloom ,,9 ,,midsumm] ,9 spr+ ! big *e/nut tree is late 9 putt+ out its leaves4 ,x is ,may be=e ! b>e limbs are clo!d ) gre54 ,?is cr[n is made ( long1 po9t$ leaves1 ea* %ort-/emm$1 /rongly ribb$1 ) p>allel ve9s on ea* side ( ! midrib1 poli%$ & %>p-too!d along its m>g94 ,x is a sup]b dome ( unusually h&some leaves4 ,:5 ! fl[] procession is long pa/ & ! gra9 fields h turn$ yell[1 & ! m[] & reap] are humm+ busily1 ! *e/nut's cr[n turns f gre5 to gold1 z if to h>monise ) ! l&scape ( midsumm]4 ,ea* twig ends 9 a fea!ry yell[ plume1 :i* waves 9 ! breezes1 & %$s its yell[ poll5 abroad4 ,! f]tile fl[]s are at ! base ( ! plume4 ,z ! yell[ poll5 fl[]s fade1 ! gre5 scaly ones bel[ !m are swell+4 ,!y are ! "y *e/nuts4 ,! long tongue ea* held out to cat* poll5 :5 x 0 ready = use4 ,ea* fl[] has ?ree nuts z its full quota to =m4 ,failure to be poll5at$ may cause "o ( ! ?ree to fail4 ,! husk w !n conta9 two nuts4 ,illu/ration3 ,leaves & fl[]s ( ! e>-leav$ cucumb] tree are ! l>ge/ 9 ! magnolia family ,illu/ration3 ,! orange-yell[ fl[] cups & squ>$ leaves ( ! tulip tree ,9 ,may ! yell[ locu/ trees /ill /& along ! roadsides1 or h]d$ toge!r along ! banks ( /reams1 b>e & ugly1 :ile ! trees ar\nd !m are beautifully clo!d 9 _! gre5 g>m5ts1 & adorn$ ) blossoms4 ,! dead pods /ill cl+ to ! locu/'s bran*es1 & n ev5 ! buds are 9 sight to prove ! twigs alive4 ,sudd5ly ! trees wake1 pu% out _! hidd5 buds into %oots :i* unfold leaves made ( t9y leaflets4 ,! leafy spray is light & graceful1 pale gre5 ) a silv]y %e5 at fir/4 ,soon ! leaves are inundat$ ) a flood ( :ite blossoms1 fragrant ) _! nect>1 :i* hang 9 clu/]s f ea* twig4 ,! bees see ! :ite cl\d on ! locu/ tree1 & hurry to ! fea/4 ,ea* curi\s pea-l fl[] has a honey pot 9 its horn$ petal4 ,?r\gh\t ! summ] ! locu/ trees wave _! f]n-l leaves1 among :i* ! "y pods sw+1 rosy & gre51 & velvety s(t4 ,! two ?orns at ! base ( ea* leaf are !re1 b !y are n conspicu\s1 unless y grasp a limb2 !n !y let y "k :]e !y are1 & :at !y c d4 ,on a summ] ev5+ we %all see t ! locu/ has clos$ its leaves1 fold+ ! opposite leaflets toge!r1 & ! :ole leaf droop+ f its /em4 ,x rem9ds u ( ! old-fa%ion$ s5sitive plant ^: leaves resembl$ ^!1 fold$ its leaflets & droop$ :5ev] x 0 t\*$4 ,inde$1 ! locu/ tree & ^! plants are ne> relatives4 ,! locu/ leaves are s5sitive to ! ev5+ air4 ,!y close if a ra9 comes up1 b op5 :5 ! sun comes out aga9 & ! sky cle>s4 ,locu/ trees h an insect enemy :i* bores into ! solid wood1 & ru9s x = lumb]4 ,ev5 ! twigs are swoll5 & di/ort$ by ^! insects1 :i* fe$ ^u ! ri* sap t %\ld g to fe$ ! tree4 ,x is impossible to rea* ?is enemy ) poison1 s ! trees are helpless4 ,except = ?is un=tunate fact1 locu/s w\ld be a pr(itable crop to raise = timb]4 ,locu/ wood is v h>d1 durable1 & /rong4 ,x is sl[ to decay :5 9 wat]1 s x is valuable = f5ce po/s1 & = boat build+4 ,x is us$ = hubs & spokes ( waggon :eels1 & x is an excell5t fuel4 ,! locu/ timb] t rea*es m>ket comes f ! m\nta9 slopes1 :]e ! locu/-bor] is ?us f> unkn[n4 ,! range ( ! tree is all ov] ! ,ea/]n /ates & we/ to ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,we %all n f9d !m s\? ( ! latitude ( ,t5nessee4 ,illu/ration3 ,fl[]s1 fruit1 & ! ?ree diff]5t leaf patt]ns ( ! sassafras tree ,illu/ration3 ,waxy fl[] ( ! ev]gre5 magnolia1 usually eight in*es across :5 op5 ,! catalpa's great he>t-%ap$ leaves1 z broad z a man's hat1 come out 9 ,may1 b ! leafy %oots gr[ a foot or m 9 l5g?1 & x is well along t[>d ,indep5d5ce ,day be=e ! fl[] buds %[ /reaks ( :ite above ! foliage mass4 ,! upturn$ twigs end 9 a spike ( blossoms1 creamy 9 col\r1 b speckl$ )9 _! wide ?roats ) purple & yell[4 ,! rim ( ! fl[] cup is da9tily scallop$1 & frill$1 & ! tree top is ev5 m %[y ?an ! horse *e/nut a mon? e>li]4 ,!re is /atel9ess1 ev5 /iffness1 9 ! figure ( a blossom+ horse *e/nut--a pyramid ( gre5 hold+ up a ?\s& pyramids ( :ite4 ,! catalpa has a r\nd head1 & ! loose fl[] clu/]s are q in=mal 9 _! arrangem5t4 ,! fl[]s nod gracefully on _! /ems--a ?+ ! horse *e/nut fl[]s are unable to d4 ,:y are ! dots ( col\r spr9kl$ 9 ! ?roat ( ! fl[]8 ,:y are !y arrang$ 9 l9es t lead to ! nect> sac8 ,to guide ! bees :i* come 9 sw>ms 9 answ] to ! signals ( col\r & fragrance ! fl[]s fl+ out z lures to !m4 ,! two /am5s are ripe be=e ! pi/il4 ,! bee rubs ! poll5 (f by cr[d+ into ! fl[]4 ,"s ( ?is du/ is b\nd to be rubb$ (f on ! ripe /igma ( an old] blossom visit$ by ?is bee4 ,?us1 unconsci\sly ! bee helps ! tree to set good se$4 ,( ^! we w /udy :5 we come to ! tree aga9 9 autumn4 ,only a h9t ( ! se$ vessel is giv5 by look+ at ! olde/ fl[] 9 a clu/]1 & notic+ ! gre5 "p at ! base4 ,! l9d5 or basswood holds its arms out s t ! broad leaves are expos$ to ! sun 9 slant+ /rata1 or plat=ms ( %ade1 t /rike d[nw>d4 ,! tree's frame is ro($ 9 ) !m 9 an almo/ unbrok5 ?at* ( gre54 ,cattle love to crop ?is foliage1 & to enjoy ! d5se %ade on a hot day4 ,9 ,july ! d>k gre5 is illum9at$ by ?\s&s ( />ry :ite blossoms1 a few at ! end ( a sl5d] /em t rises out ( a pale gre51 leaf-l blade4 ,!re is no?+ l x borne on any o!r tree4 ,! news t ! basswoods are 9 bloom rea*es ! hives 9 good "t4 ,"o is able to he> ! murmur ( bees z f> z he c see ! fl[]s1 b ! fragrance travels mu* f>!r4 ,basswood honey is high] 9 price ?an o!r k9ds4 ,is ?is ! reason ! bees are s h>d at "w8 ,small z ! individual fl[]s are1 !y h an unusual supply ( nect>1 & ! bees revel 9 ! pl5ty ( :at w fe$ !m & yield wax4 ,!y make honey :ile ! sun %9es1 c\nt+ ! basswoods _! be/ s\rce ( ! crude mat]ials = honeymak+4 ,x 0 s 9 ! days ( old4 ,greek poets sang ( ! honey-lad5 l9d5s4 ,honey made f l9d5 trees 9 ! ,li?uanian =e/s 0 c>ri$ to ,rome1 :]e x sold = ?ree times ! price ( ord9>y honey4 ,bees sw>m1 & ! new colony (t5 takes to ! woods & sets up h\sekeep+ 9 a holl[ tree4 ,?is is s likely 9 ! ,s\!rn /ates to be a l9d5 t 8bee tree0 is a famili> "n ( ?is tree4 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,b]ries ,,9 ,,! ,,woods ,rob9s come to our *]ry trees 9 ,june1 & !y hunt = our /rawb]ries "u ! gre5 leaves4 ,! blackb]ries come on1 & ! raspb]ries1 & currants4 ,! birds look at !m ) calculat+ eyes4 ,an appetite = b]ries is inh]it$ 9 !m1 le>n$ 9 ! woods1 :]e wild b]ries h gr[n1 & rip5$ = !m1 f ! times long be=e !re 7 g>d5s & cultivat$ fruits4 ,back 9 ! woods we %all f9d wild b]ries rip5+1 & birds fea/+ ?ankfully ^u !m4 ,! h>ve/ beg9s ) ! ,june-b]ries 9 ! mon? ( ,june4 ,s]viceb]ries !y are also call$1 & ! tree is kn[n also z ! %adbu%4 ,we rememb] ! lovely veil ( :ite blossoms ?is tree put on be=e its leaves came out4 ,9 ,june we might n "k ! trees1 except t !y be> r$ b]ries1 few on a clu/]1 & "h ! birds are fea/+4 ,!re is no o!r tree ) b]ries t rip5 s e>ly1 unless x be ! broad-leav$ mulb]ry4 ,"h1 too1 ! birds w be f\nd 9 numb]s4 ,turn back ! wide1 he>t-%ap$ leaves1 & y w f9d ! s+le b]ries ( all sizes1 "s gre51 "s r$d5+ & s(t4 ,!y are l blackb]ries1 ea* made ( _m t9y b]ries1 gr[n toge!r4 ,! beauty ( ! mulb]ry is t its fruit keeps com+ on f ,june until ,augu/4 ,x is a v sl[1 easy-go+ tree1 9 no hurry to h its h>ve/ ov]4 ,! birds l ! s(t1 se$y b]ries1 :i* to our ta/e are insipid4 ,x is a %rewd ?+ to plant mulb]ry trees on ! edges ( fruit g>d5s1 & set a r[ ( ,june-b]ry trees along ! road outside ! *]ry or*>d4 ,x is ! sc>city ( wild b]ries t br+s ! birds into our g>d5s4 ,_m a fruit-gr[] has sav$ 8 crop by plant+ wild b]ry trees = ! birds4 ,! eld]s are %rubby trees ) l>ge1 f]n-l leaves4 ,!y lift up flat1 :ite fl[] clu/]s1 sometimes z l>ge z d9n] plates1 9 ,june1 & 9 ! middle ( summ] d>k r$ b]ries are rip5+ :]e ! fl[]s 74 ,"h is ano!r fea/ = ! birds1 & eld]b]ry pies are ! rew>d ( boys & girls :o ga!r ! b]ries1 & take !m home to "m4 ,gr&ma ?9ks ( eld]b]ry w9e1 s good = _m ailm5ts1 & if ! b]ries are pl5ty x is easy to ga!r a bucketful to make a few p9ts ( ?is old-fa%ion$ cordial4 ,among ! %9+ gre5 leaves ( ! wild r$ *]ry tree ! little fruits gl[ l rubies 9 ! summ]4 ,"h is a fea/ = ! birds4 ,we f9d ^! small p9 *]ries v ?9-fle%$1 & s\r1 & ! bigge/ ( !m is no l>g] ?an a pea4 ,b h[ ! birds love !m6 ,! bird *]ry is inde$ ! bird's tree4 ,9 blossom x belongs to ! bees1 :i* come 9 sw>ms = nect>4 ,to !m1 unconsci\s c>ri]s ( poll5 f fl[] to fl[]1 ! birds owe a debt ( gratitude4 ,!y insure ! sett+ ( se$1 & ?is means a big crop ( fruit4 ,! wild black *]ry is lat] ) its %9+ clu/]s ( d>k r$ *]ries4 ,!y come 9 ,septemb]1 :5 ! birds' procession has turn$ s\?w>d4 ,! e>lie/ com]s hold high c>nival 9 ^! trees1 dev\r quantities ( ! bitt]-sweet fruit1 & drop ! se$s ne> & f>4 ,! w9d c d little 9 scatt]+ ! se$s ( fruit trees4 ,! birds are ! *ief ag5ts ( di/ribution4 ,,! ,,sassafras ,! sassafras is n important z a =e/ tree1 yet ,i d n "k ano!r to :om s _m k9ds ( p1 ( all ages1 g1 ask+ = fav\rs ?is tree alone c give4 ,ev5 9 regions :]e ! tree does n gr[1 its "n is well kn[n4 ,sassafras tea has a _w-wide reputation z a cure = 8spr+ fev]10 o!rwise kn[n z 8t tir$ feel+40 ,drug /ore w9d[s are pil$ high 9 spr+ ) bits ( ! corky b>k ( ! sassafras roots1 & ! buds 9 w9t] ta/e ( ! same aromatic oil1 ^: flav\r rises f a /eam+ pot ( sassafras tea4 ,_m a bad-ta/+ m$ic9e is made m palatable by a drop or two ( oil ( sassafras4 ,! leaves & twigs ( "y sassafras trees are us$ 9 ! ,s\? to flav\r & ?ick5 gumbo s\ps4 ,! wood ( sassafras is light & t\gh4 ,! long limbs are cut & /ripp$ by c\ntry boys go+ fi%+1 :o "k :at trees yield ! be/ fi%+ rods4 ,sassafras po/s la/ a long :ile1 = ! wood does n rot 9 contact ) soil1 or soak$ ) wat]4 ,x makes good boats & b>rels = ?is same reason4 ,*ildr5 "k ! sassafras tree4 ,9 w9t] !y nibble ! da9ty gre5 buds1 or dig away ! sn[ at ! roots to get a morsel ( ! aromatic b>k4 ,9 summ] x is ! leaves t are ! *ief *>m ( ! tree4 ,x is a fasc9at+ game to look = ! 8mitt5s & d\ble mitt5s10 :i* seem to be m num]\s ?an ! pla9 oval leaves on ?is tree4 ,!re is no o!r tree t has ?ree di/9ct leaf %apes4 ,! mitt5 =m has its ?umb j "r1 on "o side4 ,x might be us$ = a mitt5 patt]n4 ,!re are lefts & rights1 & mitt5s ( all sizes4 ,! doll-siz$ ones are ! y\nge/1 & !y gr[ ne> ! tips ( ! twigs4 ,! d\ble mitt5s h a ?umb on ea* side1 & ! simple oval %ape--! h& "p ) no ?umb at all--is usually h>d] to f9d ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs4 ,:5 look+ = ^! /range leaf %apes1 !re is always a *ance ( com+ ^u a /range inhabitant ( ! sassafras tree4 ,a great gre5 cat]pill> is ly+ at ease ^u a hammock ( silk1 :i* he has spun = himself4 ,!re he lies1 & gazes at ! />tl$ p]son :o discov]s him4 ,are ^? really eyes1 or only black spots8 ,!y probably sc>e away birds :i* are look+ = worms4 ,! effect ( ! two 8eye spots0 is almo/ z surpris+ z if two roll+ eyeballs gl>$ at ! intrud]1 & ?reat5$ viol5ce if he came ne>4 ,c>ry home ?is fe>some gre5 mummy on ! leaf2 put him 9 a cage made ( wire scre51 & wat* him4 ,he ne$s no food1 = he is asleep4 ,:5 he awakes 8 mummy case w split op51 & out ( x w em]ge a wond]ful butt]fly1 ) b&$ w+s ( black & yell[ velvet1 & long1 tap]+ po9ts trail+ beh9d1 :i* gives him 8 "n--! swall[-tail$ butt]fly4 ,he has a flexible tongue1 an in* or m 9 l5g?1 coil$ l a wat* spr+4 ,) x he w probe ! tubes ( fl[]s1 & f9d ! nect> at ! base ( ea*4 ,he is hungry n[1 s let him g4 ,turn him loose 9 a b$ ( fl[]s1 & y may see j h[ he fe$s4 ,:5 ! "m butt]fly laid its t9y gre5 egg on ! face ( an op5 leaf ( ! sassafras1 ! tree 0 probably 9 blossom4 ,9 ,june1 delicate1 />ry1 gre5i%-yell[ fl[]s come out 9 clu/]s on ! ends ( twigs4 ,! butt]fly f9ds nect> 9 ^! fragrant & da9ty blossoms4 ,9 ! autumn birds come & fea/ ^u ! blue b]ries :i* look v h&some on _! r$ /ems4 ,inde$1 x is q usual = ! trees to be /ripp$ :ile ! b]ries are /ill gre51 s hungry are ! birds t /op to fe$ on _! long j\rney to ! ,s\?4 ,9 ! autumn ! sassafras trees *ange col\r f ! brilliant gre5 ( summ]4 ,all col\rs ( ! sunset1 purple1 r$1 & gold51 bl5d 9 ^! %9+ tree tops4 ,a clump ( sassafras & sweet gum trees1 ) "h & !re a tupelo & a dogwood1 a sc>let oak & a h>d maple1 make a picture nev] to be =gott54 ,if ! roadside trees 7 on fire1 !y w\ld n %[ any m vivid col\r+4 ,x is _! glori\s good-bye to ! ye>1 be=e !y all let _! leaves fall & ent] into ! sleep ( w9t]4 ,,! ,,a% ,,family ,! trees ^: leaves are set opposite ^u ! twigs are few 9 ! ,am]ican woods comp>$ ) ^? ^: leaves alt]nate4 ,! maples h ! opposite arrangem5t ( leaves2 s h ! dogwoods4 ,^! trees h simple leaves4 ,! horse *e/nuts & buckeyes h _! leaves set opposite1 & ^! leaves are comp\nd3 five or sev5 leaflets rise f ! end ( ! /\t leaf /em4 ,! a% family is ano!r l>ge gr\p ( trees1 ) leaves set opposite on ! twigs4 ,^! leaves are comp\nd1 b ( a diff]5t patt]n f ^? ( ! horse *e/nut4 ,! leaf /em has ! leaflets arrang$ 9 pairs along its sides4 ,?is is ! fea!r type ( comp\nd leaf1 se5 9 ! locu/ family1 & among walnuts & hickories4 ,a% trees are recognis$ by _! opposite comp\nd leaves4 ,!re is ano!r sign3 ! fruit has a dry se$1 po9t$ & w+$ l a d>t4 ,!re is no o!r se$ exactly l ^? ( ! a%4 ,! se$ clu/]s hang on ! b>e twigs1 f> into w9t]4 ,! twigs are /\t1 & set 9 pairs on ! bran*es4 ,! trees gr[ l>ge1 & _! tops are regul> & h&some4 ,! b>k is close1 brok5 by %all[ fissures into small1 (t5 diamond-%ap$ plates4 ,our common a% trees are di/+ui%$ by col\r1 z ! names indicate4 ,a few well-m>k$ diff]5ces are %[n by ! species1 :i* are (t5 f\nd gr[+ toge!r 9 mix$ woods4 ,! :ite a% is a tall1 h&some1 /ately tree1 ) a trunk l a grey granite column4 ,! :ite 9 its "n is f ! pale leaf l9+s1 t illum9ate ! tree top 9 summ]4 ,! twigs are pale1 & ! b>k is (t5 z pale grey z t ( a :ite oak4 ,! sl5d]1 d>t-l se$s are "o to two in*es long1 ) a w+ :i* is twice ! l5g? ( ! r\nd1 tap]+ se$4 ,!y hang 9 ?ick clu/]s1 pal] gre5 ?an ! leaves1 & (t5 flu%$ ) a rosy t+e 9 late summ]4 ,all w9t] ! w9d h>ve/s ! crop ( se$s1 & plants "y :ite a%es :]ev] ! d>ts fall on good gr\nd4 ,! black a% is a sl5d]1 upright tree1 ) n>r[ head & /\t twigs4 ,! plump1 lea!ry buds on ! w9t] twigs are almo/ black1 & ! b>k is a v d>k grey4 ,! foliage 9 summ] is mu* d>k] gre5 ?an t ( any o!r a%1 s ! "n is e>n$ by buds1 b>k1 & leaves4 ,! se$s are flat & %ort1 & ! w+ is broad & %ort1 & deeply not*$4 ,a black a% leaf has all its leaflets /emless except ! "o at ! tip4 ,! :ite a% has a mu* fleeci] foliage ?an t ( ! black1 because ea* leaflet has a /em ( its own4 ,! wood ( ! black a% splits readily into ?9 %eets1 ea* repres5t+ ! gr[? ( a s+le ye>4 ,! ,indians taught ! :ite m5 to make baskets out ( black a% spl9ts4 ,!y cut ! tree d[n1 saw$ ! log into ! l5g?s requir$1 split ! blocks into pieces z wide z ! spl9ts %\ld be4 ,^! /icks 7 b5t ov] a bo>d1 & ! /ra9 sep>at$ ! b&s ( d5se1 t\gh wood into ! ?9 /rips j "r = basket weav+4 ,! r$ a% is a small1 spread+ tree1 ) a close head1 sl5d] bran*es1 & cr[d$ twigs4 ,its b>k is r$di%1 closely furr[$1 & scaly4 ,! "y twigs are cov]$ ) s(t hairs4 ,! leaves are a %9y yell[-gre5 above1 (t5 a foot long1 made ( sev5 to n9e sl5d] leaflets1 ^: /ems & ve9s h a silky d[n1 t rema9s all summ]4 ,r$ a% se$s are extremely sl5d] & long1 & !y hang on hairy /ems4 ,! gre5 a% has d>k1 lu/r\s foliage1 ! leaf l9+ gre51 l its upp] surface4 ,! b>k is grey1 & closely *eck$1 & ! twigs are smoo? & sl5d]4 ,?is is ! a% tree :i* gr[s 9 ! regions ( scant ra9fall2 9 ,utah1 ,arizona1 & ,texas4 ,9 ! ,ea/ x is f\nd f ,virg9ia to ,florida4 ,x is "o ( ! beautiful %ade trees 9 ! regions :]e few trees gr[ well4 ,ea/ ( ! ,allegh5ies x is b "o among _m a% trees1 & is little notic$2 b 9 ! f> ,we/1 & on ! treeless pla9s ( ,nebraska & ,dakota1 x is a f> h&som] tree ?an its companions1 ! will[s & ! cottonwoods4 ,illu/ration3 ,fruits1 leaves & fl[]s ( basswood tree1 call$ also l9d5 ,illu/ration3 ,*e/nut trees blossom 9 ,july1 & ! nuts drop aft] ! fir/ sev]e fro/ ,! blue a% is common on ! ri* riv] l&s along ! pr9cipal tribut>ies ( ! ,mississippi4 ,"s ( ! f9e/ specim5s gr[ on ! lime/one hills ( ! ,smoky ,m\nta9s4 ,x is a tall1 graceful1 grey-/emm$ a%4 ,we %all "k x any:]e z an a% tree by its opposite twigs & leaves1 & by its d>t-l fruits4 ,x diff]s f all o!r a% trees 9 hav+ f\r-angl$ twigs4 ,! tree has a k9d ( blue dye 9 its inn] b>k4 ,cut out a piece & put x 9 wat]1 & x is z if y _h add$ a few gra9s ( indigo4 ,! blue a% ranks high z a %ade tree1 & its wood is q ! equal ( :ite a%4 ,x is us$ = vehicles1 = floor+1 & = tool h&les4 ,x is especially desir$ = pit*=k h&les4 ,! native a% ( ,europe is a l>ge timb] tree1 ^: range ext5ds ?r\gh ,asia ,m9or4 ,! wood ( ?is tree _h a wond]ful reputation = g5]al usefulness4 ,its t\gh1 ?9 inn] b>k 0 us$ to write on be=e pap] 0 inv5t$4 ,! wood 0 us$ = lances & spe>s1 = b[s1 pikes1 & %ields by ! soldi]s1 dur+ anci5t times4 ,e tool1 vehicle1 & implem5t ( ! f>m] & me*anic 7 made ( ?is wood4 8,e prud5t "l ( a manor %\ld employ "o acre ( gr\nd ) a% to e tw5ty acres ( o!r l&4 ,9 z _m ye>s x w\ld be wor? m ?an ! l& itself40 ,! se$s ( a% trees 7 us$ = fatt5+ pigs4 ,!y 7 also us$ z rem$ies = _m diseases4 ,!y 7 call$ birds' tongues1 f _! %ape1 & e apo!c>y kept a /ock ( !m4 ,a% wood makes ! be/ ( fuel1 & its a%es1 ri* 9 pota%1 make a spl5did f]tilis]1 especially 9 or*>ds4 ,"o w>n+ ! old ,engli% rhyme (f]s reg>d+ ?is tree4 ,x is suppos$ to attract lightn+4 ,oaks h ! same reputation4 ,on ! o!r h&1 tradition holds t a bee* tree is nev] /ruck by lightn+4 ,!re is opportunity1 :]e ^! trees gr[1 & :]e ?und]/orms are frequ5t1 to notice h[ true are ! popul> beliefs4 ,h y ev] be5 w>n$ by ?is old rhyme8 8,bew>e ( ! oak1 x draws ! /roke2 ,avoid ! a%1 x c\rts ! fla%2 ,creep "u ! ?orn--x w save y f h>m40 ,,! ,,horse-,,*e/nut ,,& ,,! ,,buckeyes ,:5 an ,engli% lad speaks ( a *e/nut1 he means ! horse-*e/nut1 & ! *ances are t he does n "k any?+ ab\t ! ,am]ican trees1 ^: sweet nuts we ga!r 9 ! woods at home aft] ! fro/ has op5$ _! sp9y burs4 ,9 ,am]ica ! ,european tree is plant$ v commonly = ornam5t & %ade1 & x is always call$ horse-*e/nut "h1 except by ,engli% c\s9s :o may be visit+ u4 ,!y ask u :y we put ! ^w 8horse0 be=e ?is tree's "n4 ,= answ] we pull d[n a twig1 snap (f a leaf1 & %[ ! sc> ( ! leaf's atta*m5t to ! twig4 ,x is some:at l ! pr9t ( a horse's ho( on ! gr\nd4 ,ev5 ! horse%oe nails are !re1 = a ?read f ea* leaflet goes d[n ?r\gh ! leaf /em1 & its fibres are buri$ 9 ! twig4 ,!re are five or sev5 ( ^! nail pr9ts 9 ! sc>1 dep5d+ ^u ! numb] ( leaflets4 ,five is ! usual numb]1 b sev5 is n at all unusual4 ,an old tradition /ates t ! p ( ,ea/]n c\ntries fe$ ^! *e/nuts to _! horses to cure !m ( c\gh1 %ortness ( brea?1 & o!r lung disord]s4 ,^u ?is is bas$ a second claim = us+ ! ^w 8horse0 be=e ?is tree's "n4 ,! quality ( ! fruit1 h[ev]1 is probably ! be/ answ] to ! "q4 ,! co>se1 l>ge nuts are n fit = human food4 ,x is q common to ?9k t horses c eat ?+s too rank = our m fa/idi\s ta/e4 ,horse sug> is ! "n ( a small tree ^: sweeti% twigs are br[s$ ^u by cattle & horses 9 wood$ pa/ures4 ,horse-radi% & horse-m9t are co>s]1 m rank-gr[+ k9ds ( plants1 ?an _! closely relat$ species :i* are us$ = human food4 ,we %all "k ! horse-*e/nut 9 ! dead ( w9t] by ! l>ge buds1 ! l>ge ho(-pr9t leaf sc>s1 & by ! pyramidal =m ( ! tree4 ,! twigs are /\t1 & !y turn upw>d s t ! l>ge/ ( ! v>ni%$ buds are held up l c&les4 ,! ma9 bran*es leave ! trunk ) an upw>d curve1 !n b5d outw>d & d[nw>d1 !n up aga9 to hold ! buds upright4 ,! tree looks1 !re=e1 l a great complex c&le/ick1 ) _m arms & _m c&les4 ,! twigs are /\t1 & !y come out opposite ea* o!r on ! bran*4 ,?is is a peculi>ity ( few trees4 ,x belongs to all ( ! memb]s ( ! horse-*e/nut family1 :i* includes ! buckeye trees1 our native horse-*e/nuts4 ,9 e>ly spr+1 wat* ! horse-*e/nut tree outside y\r w9d[s & along ! /reets z !y beg9 to swell1 & until !y f9ally op54 ,! tree lights all its c&les :5 ! br[n1 v>ni%$ out] bud scales fall1 & ! s(t1 silky inn] ones1 yell[ z a c&le flame1 are reveal$4 ,on ! side twigs ! buds are small] ?an on ! tips4 ,out ( ea* small bud comes a bun* ( leaves4 ,out ( ! big buds come ! fl[]s4 ,9 ,june a big horse-*e/nut tree holds up a ?\s& pyramids ( :ite blossoms4 ,bel[ ea* fl[] du/] is an umbrella-l circle ( leaves4 ,ea* blossom ( ! d5se spike has 9 its ?roat da%es ( yell[ & r$4 ,! petals =m a ruffl$ bord]4 ,! curv+ /am5s are ?ru/ f> out4 ,bees come 9 se>* ( poll5 & nect>4 ,aft] ! fl[]s pass1 gre5 fruits appe>1 a few 9 a clu/]1 & all cov]$ ) sp9es4 ,n _m ( ^! rea* full size4 ,x seems to be en\gh = ! tree to rip5 "o or two fruits 9 a clu/]4 ,9 ! autumn !y turn br[n1 & ! husk splits into ?ree equal p>ts4 ,out ( ?is spread+ husk ! br[n nuts fall4 ,n[ ! boys assail ! tree ) /icks & /ones1 & ! h>ve/ ( nuts is on4 ,:o does n love !m = _! beauty alone8 ,! great :ite spot is ! place :]e !y 7 atta*$ to ! husk4 ,! k]nel is z bitt] z gall1 & ,i "k ( no animal :i* eats x4 ,if any "o c\nts !m useless1 let him see ! ho>ds ( !m :i* *ildr5 ga!r1 & use 9 _! play4 ,he w *ange 8 m9d completely4 ,_! gl[+1 s(t col\r is a fea/ to ! eye1 & !y j fit ! h&4 ,,! ,,buckeyes ,! ,ohio buckeye is a little tree1 b x has giv5 its "n to ! ,buckeye ,/ate4 ,!re mu/ h be5 _m ( !m 9 ! virg9 =e/ t ! ,ohio pione] cut d[n to make room = 8 crops ( corn & gra94 ,he notic$ ^! trees p>ticul>ly because ( a disagreeable od\r t comes f ! bitt] sap4 ,! *opp+ & h&l+ ( ^! trees int5sifies ?is od\r1 :i* is noticeable ev5 :5 "o drives pa/ a gr[+ tree4 ,! "n 0 giv5 by "s imag9ative p]son :o saw a resemblance betwe5 ! smoo? br[n nuts & ! s(t br[n eyes ( a buck4 ,! :ite ( ! eye corresponds to ! da% ( :ite on ! nut4 ,de] ab\nd$ 9 ! virg9 =e/s1 & no d\bt x 0 "o ( ! fir/ settl]s1 a hunt] z well z a f>m]1 :o nam$ ! tree4 ,! fl[]s & leaves resemble ^? ( ! horse-*e/nut1 b are small]1 z ! tree is4 ,! numb] ( leaflets is five1 r>ely sev51 & !y clu/] on ! end ( a long leaf /em4 ,! fl[]s appe> 9 ,april & ,may1 & are n conspicu\s1 = !y are yell[i%-gre51 & make little contra/ ) ! new leaves4 ,"o ?+ is to be said 9 fav\r ( ?is ill-smell+ tree4 ,its wood has be5 f\nd to be ! be/ k9d = ! mak+ ( artificial limbs4 ,to ?is special use ! lumb] is *iefly devot$4 ,! sweet buckeye lacks ! disagreeable od\r ( ! ,ohio buckeye1 & its nuts are eat5 by cattle4 ,x is a h&some1 l>ge tree1 ) leaves ( five slim leaflets1 m or less hairy bel[1 & on ! ve9s above4 ,! fl[]s are yell[ & %[y4 ,ea* corolla is drawn out into a tube1 l a honeysuckle's4 ,! husks ( ! nuts are smoo?4 ,?is species gr[s f ,we/]n ,p5nsylvania along ! m\nta9 slopes to ,alabama1 & on ! prairies we/w>d to ,i[a4 ,! nuts are full ( />*1 & ^! are gr\nd into fl\r1 :i* is us$ by bookb9d]s 9 mak+ _! pa/e4 ,! reason :y ?is pa/e is pref]r$ is t de/ructive insects d n eat x z !y d pa/e made ( :eat fl\r4 ,a r$-fl[]$ buckeye tree ( small size gr[s wild f ,miss\ri to ,texas1 & ea/ into ,t5nessee to ,nor!rn ,alabama4 ,?is is n ! same z ! r$ horse-*e/nut1 :i* is sometimes se5 9 cultivation z a h&some tree1 tw5ty to ?irty feet high4 ,9 ! f> ,we/1 ! ,cali=nia buckeye is a wide-topp$ tree ( good size1 ) leaves ( ! true horse-*e/nut type1 & :ite or rose-col\r$ fl[]s1 9 %[y clu/]s1 & smoo?1 pe>-%ap$ nuts4 ,?is is ! only "o ( our native species :i* gr[s beyond ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,,! ,,locu/s ,,& ,,o!r ,,pod-,,be>]s ,:5 y f9d a tree ) flat pods1 conta9+ a r[ ( se$s1 y may be sure x is a locu/1 or "o ( ! family to :i* locu/s belong4 ,x is a ne> relative ( ! peas & beans t gr[ 9 ! vegetable g>d54 ,?is is a great & valuable family to ! human race1 = x furni%es "s ( ! mo/ valuable foods ^u :i* ! p ( all c\ntries live4 ,only "o family1 ! grasses1 is m important4 ,?is includes n only grasses t are us$ = mak+ hay1 b all ! gra9s--:eat1 b>ley1 rice1 oats1 & corn1 t make ! bread ( ! _w1 & =age crops = horses & cattle4 ,! banana & sug> cane & bamboos are 9 ?is wond]ful grass family4 ,along ! roadsides1 along riv]s1 & 9 ! woods gr[ ! black or yell[ locu/s t bloom 9 ,june1 cov]+ _! ugly limbs ) a cat>act ( :ite1 pea-l blossoms1 9 l>ge clu/]s4 ,all summ] ! slim1 ?9 pods are velvety & gre51 ) a lovely flu% ( rose1 z !y sw+ among ! fea!ry1 f]n-l leaves4 ,9 autumn ! pods turn br[n1 & 9 w9t]1 :5 ! w9d c swit* !m aga9/ ! b>e twigs1 !y split1 & "o by "o1 ! h>d little se$s are %ak5 out4 ,!y are too heavy to be c>ri$ 9 ! w9d4 ,s we see little locu/s com+ up among ! old ones1 & on ! out] edges ( ! clump4 ,no tree is s disc\rag$-look+1 unkempt1 & diseas$ z a black locu/ infe/$ ) ! bor]s1 & /ripp$ ( ! foliage t cov]$ its ?91 irregul> limbs 9 ! summ] "t4 ,! buds1 ev51 are hidd51 & ! tree looks z if life _h left x4 ,b ! late spr+ d5ies ! rum\r by clo?+ ! dead-look+ twigs ) foliage ^: t5d] %ad+s & delicate leaf =ms make x "o ( ! mo/ graceful & lovely ( all native trees4 ,un=tunately1 we _c h locu/s ( ?is species 9 ?is ,ea/]n c\ntry )\t expos+ !m to ! attacks ( insects aga9/ :i* we _c def5d ! trees4 ,! eggs are laid 9 clefts ( ! b>k1 & ! grubs hat* q out ( rea* ( poisons & o!r damag+ spray+ solutions4 ,!y fe$ on ! liv+ sub/ance "u ! b>k1 & _! pres5ce is %[n by swell+s above _! burr[s4 ,twigs1 limbs1 & trunks are di/ort$1 & gradually ! tree loses vitality1 & ! wood is made wor?less by ! honeycomb+ x receives4 ,only 9 ! m\nta9\s p>ts ( its range does ! black locu/ rea* its be/ gr[?4 ,no tree has bett] lumb] = po/s & o!r uses requir+ durability 9 contact ) ! soil & ) wat]4 ,! clammy locu/ is a p9k-fl[]$ species ) a /icky sub/ance exud+ f ! hairy surface ( new %oots4 ,! fl[]s are lovely b sc5tless4 ,! trees are mu* plant$ 9 p>ks & on lawns z an ornam5t1 9 all temp]ate climates4 ,! honey locu/ e>ns its "n 9 ! summ] "t1 :5 ! curv+ gre5 pods are full ( a sweet1 gelat9\s pulp4 ,boys w\ld l to get ^! honey pods1 b ! vici\s ?orns p]mit no climb+ ( ! trees4 ,/on+ & o!r ?r[+ ( missiles is a sl[ & unsatisfactory means ( obta9+ ! =bidd5 fruit t hangs s high4 ,by ! "t !y rip5 & fall (f ! pods are bitt] z gall4 ,an old-_w relative has ?ick1 purple pods1 :i* are sweet & palatable :5 ripe4 ,^! are br\ght to ?is c\ntry1 & sold on small fruit /&s "u ! "n1 ,/4 ,john's bread4 ,x is said t ?is 0 ! food ( ,john ! ,bapti/ 9 ! wild]ness4 ,! ,k5tucky c(fee tree is ! co>se/ memb] ( ! locu/ family 9 our woods4 ,its pods are ?ick & %ort1 & ! se$s inside are z l>ge z hazel nuts4 ,9 ! /ory ( ! ,revolution>y ,w>1 ! patriotic citiz5s refus$ to pay duties on import$ goods4 ,! se$s ( ?is locu/ 7 us$ z a sub/itute = c(fee4 ,i h ta/$ ! bitt] outside ( "o ( ^! nuts1 & tri$ to break "o ) a hamm]1 b unsuccessfully4 ,x is n easy to und]/& h[ a bev]age made ( su* a nut c\ld h be5 fit to dr9k4 ,! "n ( ! tree seems to give col\r ( tru? to ! tradition4 ,a c(fee tree mu* l our native species gr[s 9 ,*9a4 ,we may believe t x is call$ by ano!r "n1 = ! p use its heavy pods = soap4 ,:e!r gre5 or ripe1 ,i d n "k4 ,! club-l bran*es ( our c(fee tree give x a burly1 clumsy appe>ance 9 w9t]1 :5 no?+ conceals !m f view4 ,! dangl+ pods rattle aga9/ ! b>e1 /ubby twigs1 call+ att5tion to _! lack ( grace & symmetry4 ,ev5 ! buds are out ( sight1 buri$ "u ! ?9 b>k1 j above ! big leaf sc>s4 ,all w9t] ! w9d /rives ) ! /ubborn pods4 ,:5 "o is torn (f1 x lies unop5$ until melt+ sn[ s(t5s x1 & ! horny se$ lies long be=e x is able to spr\t4 ,a ?9 pod adorns ! mo/ delicate ( ! locu/ trees4 ,?is is ! little r$ bud1 a flat-topp$ tree1 ( sl5d]1 ?ornless bran*es1 mo/ ( !m horizontal4 ,e>ly 9 spr+ ?is tree e>ns its "n4 ,quantities ( rosy mag5ta1 pea-%ap$ fl[]s clu/] on its slim1 angul> twigs1 q cov]+ ! small] bran*es4 ,x is an unusual col\r1 & an unusual "t to see pea-blossoms4 ,y _c =get x1 if y h se5 ! tree once4 ,! leaves t soon foll[ are z unusual z ! fl[]s4 ,r\ndi%1 he>t-%ap$1 smoo?1 & %9+ z if poli%$1 !y flutt] on ?91 flexible /ems1 & ! slim pods hang among !m4 ,!y rip5 & turn f gre5 to ri* purple :5 ! leaves *ange to bright yell[4 ,! h>d little se$s are close toge!r 9 ! pods1 s t !y are num]\s1 ?\gh ! pods are b two or ?ree in*es long4 ,i d n "k :5 ! r$ bud is mo/ *>m+4 ,c]ta9ly its autumn g>m5t ( yell[ is beautiful1 trimm$ ) a fr+e ( purple pods4 ,x is a royal robe1 & s fre% & new-look+ :5 ! foliage ( s _m l>g] trees is fad$ & 9 tatt]s4 ,! trees t hide 9 ! %elt] ( l>g] ones c (t5 save _! leaves f we> & te>1 & ?is ! r$ bud does4 ,judas tree is ! "n by :i* ! r$ bud ( ,europe is commonly call$4 ,x is "o ( a few species to :i* an ugly tradition has be5 fa/5$ by cu/om4 ,x is said t ?is is ! k9d ( tree ^u :i* ,judas ,isc>iot hang$ himself4 ,our little ,am]ican tree has _h to %>e ! disgrace1 = x looks l its ,european c\s94 ,! "n to use is ! true "o4 ,nurs]ym5 h import$ a l>ge-fl[]$ r$ bud f ,*9a4 ,its fl[]s are n only m %[y1 b !y h a pal]1 pretti] col\r--a rosy p9k1 & lack+ ! sad1 blue tone ( ! o!rs4 ,x is easy to raise r$ bud trees1 & !y are admirable 9 ! bord] plant+ ( a g>d5 or lawn4 ,!y beg9 to blossom :5 q "y1 & !y nev] gr[ s l>ge z to be out ( place among %rubb]y4 ,! yell[-wood has l>g] & loveli] blossom clu/]s ?an ! black locu/1 ) :i* x might mo/ easily be confus$4 ,9 autumn ! fl[] /ems hang full ( ?9 pods1 "o to ?ree se$s 9 a pod4 ,no o!r locu/ is s scantily suppli$ ) se$s 9 a pod4 ,9 summ] ! leaflets prove t ! tree is n a black locu/4 ,!y are l>g] & few]1 ?\gh ( ! same fea!r$ type4 ,9 ! seasons :5 ! tree blooms freely1 :i* is by no means e ye>1 ! twigs are load$ ) clu/]s l>g] ?an any black locu/ produces4 ,9 w9t] x is ! b>k t di/+ui%es ! tree4 ,x is grey & smoo?1 l t ( ! bee*2 n at all l ! d>k trunk & r\gh limbs ( ! locu/4 ,! =m ( ! tree is a regul> head ( horizontally-spread+ limbs1 end+ 9 tap]+ twigs t droop gracefully4 ,x is "o ( ! h&some/ trees 9 w9t]4 ,! locu/ is "o ( ! we$ie/ & uglie/ ( trees :5 b>e4 ,to f9d ! yell[-wood 9 its native haunts1 we mu/ g to ! m\nta9s ( ,ea/]n ,t5nessee & ,nor? ,c>ol9a4 ,x goes f>!r nor? & s\?1 b its range is scant4 ,bett] *ance ( our meet+ x 9 our neighb\r's y>d4 ,x is cultivat$ z a fl[]+ tree by p :o appreciate ! f9e/ trees t gr[ wild 9 ,am]ican woods4 ,! nurs]ym5 call x ,virgilia4 ,?is is c]ta9ly a graceful "n1 fitt$ to a tree t des]ves only ! be/4 ,! catalpas are pod-be>]s ( a diff]5t type4 ,_! long p5cils are gre51 & !re is no sign ( splitt+ until autumn4 ,! se$s are n l ^? ( ! flat pods1 set 9 a s+le r[4 ,!y are ?9 z tissue pap]1 & pack$ 9 ov]lapp+ lay]s ab\t ! ?9 p>tition t divides ! pod into two comp>tm5ts4 ,! pods hang on aft] ! l>ge1 he>t-%ap$ leaves fall4 ,w9t] w9ds bang !m aga9/ ! twigs1 & _! two sides sep>ate l5g?wise4 ,gradually ! ?91 two-w+$ se$s escape1 & are scatt]$4 ,! s[+ la/s a long "t4 ,will[s & popl>s h pods ( a sort1 b l nei!r locu/s nor catalpas4 ,! se$s are v m9ute 9 ea* family1 & c>ri$ 9 delicate wisps ( cottony d[n4 ,! pods op5 by splitt+ d[n _! walls1 along two or f\r l9es1 curl+ back ! dry segm5ts1 & ?us lett+ ! se$s escape4 ,^! trees are e>ly 9 scatt]+ _! se$s4 ,! true pod-be>]s are late ab\t x4 ,,wild ,,apple ,,trees ,,& ,,_! ,,k9 ,g out into ! woods1 & y w f9d wild crab apple trees1 be>+ h>d1 s\r little apples1 unfit to eat4 ,f\r di/9ct k9ds are native to ?is c\ntry4 ,9 ,ea/]n ,asia wild apple trees gr[ 9 great] v>iety ?an "h4 ,our or*>d apple trees are desc5d$ f ^! ,ori5tal wild apples1 :i* 7 br\ght "u cultivation long be=e ,am]ica 0 discov]$4 ,nurs]ym5 9 ,europe & ,japan h = c5turies work$ ) ! wild species to improve !m4 ,! ,japanese work$ to produce f9] fl[]+ trees4 ,european horticulturi/s desir$ f9] & l>g] fruit4 ,am]ican or*>ds %[ h[ well !y h succe$$4 ,= ov] a c5tury ,am]ican horticulture has made m>k$ progress4 ,_m valuable k9ds ( fruit h orig9at$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,our own wild apples are n[ /udi$ ) ! aim ( br++ !m into cultivation1 j z ! ,asiatic species 7 improv$ c5turies ago4 ,x is a wond]ful "w1 accompli%$ by cross+1 graft+1 budd+1 by f]tilis+1 & good tillage1--processes too special to be expla9$ 9 ?is book4 ,! tam+ ( wild apples1 h[ev]1 is "o ( ! great a*ievem5ts ( ! c5turies4 ,e boy & e girl :o enjoys ! eat+ ( a f9e apple w wi% to "k h[ su* glori\s fruit1 9 abundance suffici5t to supply ! _w's ne$s1 has be5 produc$ f su* unpromis+ beg9n+s z ! gn>l$ little crab trees scatt]$ ?r\gh ! woods1 & dw>f$ by ! l>g] =e/ trees t ov]%ad[$ !m4 8,graft+0 or 8budd+0 a little tree insures t ! fruit x be>s lat] on w be ( ! v>iety ( ! tree f :i* ! scions came4 ,only once 9 a long :ile does a good v>iety ( fruit come on a se$l+ tree4 ,plant ! se$ ( ! be/ apple y ev] ate1 & !n wait a doz5 ye>s or m = ?is tree to be> fruit4 ,! *ances are n9ety-n9e to "o t ! apples turn out to be mis]able1 s\r1 or ta/eless nubb9s1 l ! roadside apples1 t nobody plant$4 ,x is too exp5sive to exp]im5t 9 hope ( gett+ good v>ieties f se$4 8,johnny ,applese$0 0 a funny old fell[ :o w&]$ up & d[n ! ,ohio valley /ates1 & plant$ apple se$s :]ev] he w5t4 ,que]1 & p]haps crazy1 he 0 a k9dly s\l1 :o dream$ ( ! days :5 or*>ds %\ld dot ! l&scape1 & be a "p ( e f>m home/ead4 ,he did :at he c\ld to make ! wild prairie wild]ness blossom & be> fruit4 ,no d\bt _m pione] or*>ds came f 8 plant+4 ,se$l+ trees1 all ( !m1 = he believ$ firmly t x is wrong to graft a tree6 ,ea* ye> bett] & bigg] apples are %[n at fairs1 & fruit %[s4 ,! hi/ory ( apple culture is full ( int]e/4 ,x requires hundr$s ( books to tell ! /ory4 ,b any man :o has an or*>d c tell y h[ 8 trees 7 made into ! v>ieties he ord]$ at ! nurs]y4 ,he may %[ y h[ graft+ & budd+ is done1 & h[ a tree may be made ov] 9 a few ye>s to *ange entirely ! k9d ( apple x be>s4 ,he may %[ a tree t be>s di/9ct k9ds ( apples on diff]5t limbs1 & %[ y ! sc> ( ! graft f :i* ea* new v>iety has sprung4 ,:5 y are old en\gh1 y c gr[ apple trees f se$1 & graft or bud !m to ! v>iety y *oose1--gre5+1 russet1 nor!rn spy--tak+ y\r scions f a tree ^: apples are especially f9e4 ,x is a fasc9at+ game to play1 ) ! soil1 & ! sun1 & ! ra9 all work+ ) y to help y w94 ,mean:ile1 ! wild apple1 ?\gh wor?less z a fruit tree1 is well wor? kn[+4 ,no well-f$ or*>d tree has *>m to comp>e ) ?is wild ?+ :5 spr+ trans=ms its ugly1 ?orny twigs4 ,! rosy blossoms ( ! wild crab apple come out ( a multitude ( coral-r$ buds :i* op5 j aft] ! leaves4 ,! gn>l$ limbs are b>e & ugly1 until late 9 ,may4 ,!n ! silv]y1 velvet leaves unfold1 sc>cely gre5 at fir/1 because ea* "o we>s s ?ick a g>m5t ( s(t1 :ite hairs4 ,be=e ! leaves h lo/ ?is velvet coat1 ! fl[] buds beg9 to gl[1 & ! tree top is soon blu%+ ) ! blossoms1 & ! air is full ( _! spicy fragrance4 ,illu/ration3 ,an old apple or*>d is a fairy l& inde$ :5 blossoms cov] ! trees ,illu/ration3 ,no?+ ta/es s good z ripe apples pick$ "r (f ! tree6 ,_! *>m is ! *>m ( ! wild rose4 ,_! arrangem5t on ! gn>l$ twigs is irregul>4 ,! arti/ loves ! un/udi$ grace ( x4 ,! great botani/1 ,l9nu1 probably saw only press$ specim5s1 b he nam$ ! tree coron>ia1 :i* means1 8fit = cr[ns & g>l&s40 ,i rememb] ga!r+ ! little gre5 apples 9 ! fall4 ,h>d1 & almo/ bitt]1 :5 eat5 out ( h&1 !y make a jelly t is z di/9ct & delightful 9 its way z ! fl[]s are m admirable ?an common apple blossoms4 ,! ta/e is wild1 & almo/ bitt]1 b beside x ord9>y apple jelly ta/es insipid4 ,p]haps ,i am prejudic$1 & ! memory ( t wild crab-apple jelly too remote to be dep5d$ ^u4 ,b _m p agree ) me4 ,if y are 9 ! woods 9 ,octob]1 & come to a ?icket ( trees be>+ flat1 yell[ apples1 pick z _m z y c c>ry home4 ,smell _! spicy fragrance1 & p]suade y\r "m to make !m into jelly1 s t y c =m y\r own op9ion ( x4 ,! ,ea/]n crab apple gr[s ov] a l>ge "p ( ! region betwe5 ! ,atlantic coa/1 & ! dry pla9s ea/ ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 & s\? to ,nor!rn ,alabama & ,texas4 ,! prairie crab1 a diff]5t species1 gr[s 9 ! ,mississippi ,valley4 ,a n>r[-leav$ species gr[s 9 ! ,s\?1 & ! ,oregon crab is ! native wild apple ( ! woods1 f ,cali=nia nor? into ,alaska4 ,qu9ces are core fruits1 c\s9s ( ! apples4 ,s are pe>s4 ,all ( our or*>d pe>s & qu9ces are cultivat$ v>ieties ( species t once grew wild 9 ,europe or ,asia4 ,! ,japanese qu9ce 9 ,am]ica is a h$ge plant :i* 9 spr+ cov]s its b>e twigs ) l>ge1 deep rose-col\r$ fl[]s1 & be>s h>d1 freckl$ fruits t smell bett] ?an !y ta/e1 9 ,septemb]4 ,we "k all ^! fruits1 & h !m 9 our g>d5s1 b !y are =eign]s "h1 ?\gh mu* at home4 ,we h no native pe>s or qu9ces 9 ,am]ica4 ,,! ,,*]ries ,d y "k ! peculi> ta/e & od\r ( ! pit ( a *]ry or pea*8 ,!n y w recognise x )\t difficulty :5 y meet x 9 a bruis$ leaf or twig ( any tree t be>s /one fruits1 wild or cultivat$4 ,x belongs to ! family :i* includes plums1 *]ries1 pea*es1 apricots1 & almonds4 ,b "o species ( native *]ry is a l>ge tree4 ,x is *iefly z fruit trees t ! cultivat$ v>ieties are important4 ,a few are gr[n = _! beauty z fl[]+ trees & %rubs2 "s = _! ri* bronze foliage4 ,! wild *]ry is ! "o lumb] tree 9 ! family4 ,its wood ranks ) mahogany1 ?\gh n s exp5sive z ! tree :i* gr[s no ne>] to u ?an l[] ,florida & ,c5tral ,am]ica4 ,x is made into furniture or us$ 9 ! int]ior f9i%+ ( h\ses1 p>l\r c>s1 & ocean l9]s4 ,x takes a beautiful poli%1 & has a ri* br[n col\r t improves ) "t4 ,x is l>gely us$ z v5e] on *eap] woods4 8,solid *]ry0 is likely to be bir*1 if ! article is ( mod]n make4 ,?is *]ry has d>k1 %9y b>k :5 "y1 :i* breaks into %all[ furr[s1 & curls back l bir* b>k4 ,! unque/ionable sign by :i* to "k a wild *]ry is ! bitt]1 pea*-pit ta/e ( ! sap4 ,nibble a leaf or twig or bit ( b>k1 & y get t un=gettable ta/e1 t /ays on ! tongue long] ?an we l4 ,birds fea/ 9 ,septemb] on ! long clu/]s ( d>k purple b]ries4 ,!y are bitt] sweet1 b>ely edible1 ,i say4 ,b birds take !m ?ankfully1 & *ildr5 usually eat !m freely4 ,old-fa%ion$ p make !m into w9es or cordials = home rem$ies4 ,! *oke *]ry is a %rubby tree1 ) a rank1 disagreeable od\r add$ to ! bitt] & pung5t od\r t belongs to ! black *]ry4 ,! leaves are twice z wide z ! black *]ry's4 ,! fruit %>es ! rank quality ( ! leaves & b>k4 ,until dead ripe1 ! *]ries are s bitt]1 h>%1 & puck]y t *ildr51 :o eat ! black *]ries eag]ly1 _c be p]suad$ to ta/e *oke *]ries a second "t4 ,?is is well-nam$ ! 8*oke0 *]ry4 ,only ! birds c eat ! b]ries )\t *ok+4 ,!y seem n to m9d its rankness1 = ! fruit is all tak5 by ! "t x has turn$ black-ripe4 ,e>ly 9 summ] ! r$ bird *]ry is 9 fruit1 aft] its cr[n ( :ite blossoms has pass$4 ,! pit is l>ge1 & ! fle% ?9 & s\r1 & ! :ole fruit is disc\rag+ly small4 ,b birds are happy among ! %9+ leaves until ! la/ *]ry is gone4 ,?is is q suffici5t appreciation4 ,! se$s are dropp$1 & ! little trees come up all ?r\gh ! woods & 9 ! mo/ unexpect$ places1 due to ! birds' scatt]+ ( ! se$s4 ,g>d5 *]ries ( ! sweet & s\r gr\ps h sprung f wild species t gr[ 9 ,europe4 ,! r$1 black1 & yell[ *]ries ( ,cali=nia are ! l>ge/1 mo/ improv$ v>ieties4 ,! g>d5 *]ries ( ! ,ea/]n /ates are n ne>ly s l>ge4 ,! native *]ry ( ,japan has be5 cultivat$ z a fl[]+ tree1 until x is wond]fully beautiful4 ,9 its season ( bloom1 ,japan is a p]fect fairyl&4 ,! c\ntry is "o great g>d5 ( p9k *]ry blossoms4 ,at ?is "t ! p turn out to see ! m>vell\s sight4 ,a national holiday is d$icat$ to ?is tree1 :i* is ! symbol ( happ9ess 9 ! ,fl[] ,k+dom4 ,,! ,,plums ,all plum trees are small 9 /ature1 & _m are ?orny by ! %>p5+ ( side twigs1 z if ! /ruggle ) adv]se conditions made x necess>y to c>ry weapons ( def5ce4 ,i speak n[ ( ! wild species4 ,!y gr[ 9 ?ickets1 ano!r habit ( self-protection4 ,! wild r$ & yell[ plums t /ill gr[ 9 ?ickets along /reams 9 ! great middle c\ntry betwe5 ! ,ea/ coa/ & ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 furni%$ an important article ( food to ! pione] families1 :i* l$ ! we/w>d m>* ( civilisation1 & f\nd$ ! prairie /ates4 ,only p :o rememb] ^? times1 & actually took "p 9 ! "w ( ! pione]1 c "k h[ valuable ! wild fruits 71 :ile ! "y or*>ds 7 gr[+1 & no fruit 0 to be _h = ! great] "p ( ! ye>4 ,aft] ! fir/ heavy fro/ 9 ,septemb] ! plums 7 fit to eat4 ,!y became s(t1 & sweet1 & pleasant 9 flav\r4 ,b ! sk9 0 ?ick1 v s\r & puck]y1 s eat+ plums 0 n an unmix$ joy4 ,:5 a team & "p ( ! family c\ld be sp>$ f ! f>m "w1 a day 0 tak5 = 8plumm+10 & a happy & labori\s day x 01 b always enjoy$ 9 true holiday _s4 ,usually neighb\rs jo9$ 9 ! out+1 & _h a picnic d9n] toge!r 9 ! woods4 ,only ! olde/ clo!s 7 worn1 = 9 ! plum ?ickets "o mu/ risk ! ru9 ( 8 raim5t by ! angul>1 ?orny bran*es4 ,%eets 7 spread "u ! trees :]e possible1 & a sev]e %ak+ or beat+ ( ! bran*es %[]$ ! fruit d[n4 ,all h&s 7 busy at ga!r+ ! plums1 & load+ ! waggons ) ! h>ve/4 ,p]haps !re 0 "t aft]w>d = ! boys to explore ! hazel ?ickets1 & ga!r a g5]\s bagful ( ^! small1 b delici\sly flav\r$ nuts1 /ill 9 _! husks4 ,wild grape v9es1 load$ ) ! purple fruit1 tempt$ ! frugal wife to /rip !m1 ev5 ?\gh ! sun 0 l[4 ,= days aft] ! return home1 %e 0 at "w putt+ away = w9t] use pres]ves & jellies & pickles1 & good old-fa%ion$ plum & grape 8butt]10 sweet5$ ) molasses made f sorghum cane4 ,little plum trees1 dug 9 ! woods 9 e>ly spr+1 7 plant$ 9 ! home g>d54 ,by sett+ ^! c>efully1 & till+ & enri*+ ! soil ar\nd !m1 l>g] trees & f9] fruit 7 produc$ ?an ! wild plum ?icket c\ld %[4 ,"s ( ! good cultivat$ plums h _h su* an orig94 ,a half doz5 diff]5t species ( wild plum gr[ wild 9 diff]5t soils & regions ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,:]e two gr[ 9 ! same t]ritory1 natural hybrids h orig9at$1 bett] ?an ei!r p>5t 9 ! quality ( _! fruit4 ,su* a cross has giv5 rise to sev]al v>ieties ( g>d5 plums1 ( :i* ! ,m9] gr\p is a fair example4 ,! be/ or*>d plums = ! middle ( ! c\ntry are crosses betwe5 native & ,japanese species4 ,! ,european species1 l ,damsons & ,gre5 ,gages1 d well 9 ! ,ea/]n /ates1 & on ! ,pacific slope4 ,! prunes we buy are dri$ plums4 ,= a c5tury or two ,france has l$ all c\ntries 9 ! prune indu/ry4 ,n[ ,cali=nia leads4 ,! k9ds ( plums t c be dri$ are sweet & fle%y4 ,ord9>y juicy plums _c be made into prunes4 ,! hot sun ( ,cali=nia soon takes all ! moi/ure out ( ! plums spread on tables to dry4 ,!re is no ra9 to fe> 9 ! hot summ] mon?s4 ,pea*es1 nect>9es1 & apricots are /one fruits1 closely relat$ to ! plums & pea*es4 ,^! ,old ,_w fruits are gr[n 9 ! w>m p>ts ( ?is c\ntry4 ,cali=nia raises !m 9 quantities4 ,! mo/ pr(itable ( ! /one fruits has woody fle%1 & is rais$ = its pit1 :i* we eat4 ,?is is ! sweet almond1 a valuable nut4 ,its relat$ species1 ! bitt] almond1 yields almond oil & hydrocyanic acid1 bo? important drugs4 ,,! ,,s]viceb]ries ,9 ! same family ) apples & plums & *]ries is a gr\p ( sl5d]1 pretty trees call$ ,june b]ry1 s]viceb]ry1 & on ! ,ea/ coa/1 %adbu%4 ,:5 ! %adbu% blossoms :ite1 ! fi%]m5 "k t x is "t to expect ! %ad1 :i* are tak5 9 nets :5 !y run up ! riv]s to spawn4 ,! r$ b]ries are ripe 9 ,june1 & ! birds celebrate ! ev5t1 & ev5 take !m be=e !y beg9 to r$d54 ,competition is /rong1 & ! supply nev] equals ! dem&4 ,r>ely c a human b]ry-pick] f9d a ripe b]ry1 to discov] h[ x ta/es4 ,! *>m ( ?is little tree is t x cov]s its slim bran*es s e>ly ) :ite blossoms4 ,! clu/]s are s(t & fea!ry1 & a w>m flu% und]lies ! :ite1 ! ruddy1 /rap-%ap$ bracts1 two ( :i* are "u ea* fl[]4 ,! da9ty op5+ leaves are also ruddy1 & ^! h op5$ be=e ! blossoms pass4 ,9 e>ly ,april x is wor? a long walk or drive ?r\gh ! woods to see ! scatt]$ s]viceb]ry trees /&+ out f ! b>e backgr\nd ( leafless trees1 lovely z any tree c ev] be1 9 _! robes ( :ite4 ,!reaft]1 !y seem to retire f view1 engulf$ by ! foliage curta9 ! woodl& draws ab\t itself1 z spr+ advances4 ,,valuable ,,sap ,,( ,,trees ,9 e>ly spr+ on ! ,new ,hamp%ire hillsides1 ! sap beg9s to m\nt ! trunks ( ! sug> maple trees1 dissolv+ ! sug> /or$ 9 ! wood cells dur+ ! previ\s summ]4 ,x is "t = ! mak+ ( maple sug>4 ,w9t] is ov]4 ,spr+ "w has begun4 ,hundr$s ( twigs ( eld] h be5 cut 9 %ort l5g?s1 & ! pi? pu%$ out1 to make 8spiles40 ,holes are bor$ 9 ! trunks ( ! trees1 & 9 ea* hole "o ( ^! holl[ spiles is driv54 ,^! are ! little sp\ts t dra9 ! sap f ! tree into ! wait+ buckets t /& or hang bel[4 ,drip1 drip1 drip1 ! sweet sap fl[s into ! buckets2 & z (t5 z !y fill1 ! f>m] makes ! r\nds ( ! trees ) b>rels on a l[ sl$ or 8/one boat10 empty+ ! buckets4 ,! sap he ga!rs is p\r$ into ! evaporat+ pans 9 ! sug> h\se1 & a ro>+ fire keeps x boil+4 ,z ! wat] goes (f 9 /eam1 ! rema9d] becomes maple syrup1 :i* ?ick5s z x boils4 ,skimm+ & /ra9+ removes any dirt or *ips t fall into ! sap4 ,:5 x is j ?ick en\gh1 ! syrup is drawn (f into cans1 & seal$ to be s5t to m>ket4 ,a "p ( x1 h[ev]1 is boil$ long]1 & :5 drawn (f1 & cool$1 x cry/alises into ! granul> yell[ maple sug>4 ,x is cool$ 9 %all[ pans t hold a c]ta9 am\nt1 & ?us ! bricks ( maple sug> are =m$4 ,little he>t-%ap$ cakes are made by fill+ 8patty pans0 ) ?is heavy syrup4 ,z long z ! sap fl[s 9 suffici5t quantities1 ! sug> h>ve/ goes on4 ,if ! trees are bor$ ) c>e1 ) holes n too close toge!r1 ! tree w /& ?is dra9+ f ye> to ye>1 & seem n to be injur$ by ! loss ( sap4 ,if ! holes are close toge!r1 & ext5d all ar\nd ! trunk1 ! tree w be practically girdl$ & x w die f ! injury4 ,! f9e/ k9d ( maple sug> is ! wax :i* is made by p\r+ heavy syrup on ! sn[ to cool4 ,quickly x ?ick5s by ! cold into /r+y yell[ wax1 :i* ta/es l o!r maple sug>1 b does n h ! unpleasant gritty feel+1 :i* sets "s tee? on edge4 ,maple wax may be made at home1 by melt+ ! sug>1 & p\r+ x into sn[2 b ! "t & ! place to enjoy x mo/1 is 9 ! sug> camp :5 ! hot syrup is p\r$ f ! long-h&l$ ladle onto ! ne>e/ sn[ bank by ! p]son :o is 9 *>ge ( ! boil+4 ,! cold air ( ! woods puts a ke5 edge on ! appetite4 ,! w>m fire "u ! boil] takes (f ! *ill1 & ! sil5t woods all ar\nd give a *>m to ! sc5e :i* "o does n feel 9 any o!r place4 ,hickory sap is sweet4 ,?is is sometimes add$ to t ( ! maples :5 maple trees are sc>ce4 ,! sap ( p9e trees is a liquid call$ res94 ,! p9e =e/s ( ! ,s\? are ri* /ores ( ?is res91 :i* we call also pit*4 ,! crude liquid dra9$ f ^! trees is heat$1 & a light liquid call$ turp5t9e is drawn (f4 ,! rema9d] h>d5s1 & is kn[n z ros94 ,! p9e trees are tapp$1 n z ! sug> trees ( ! ,nor? are1 b 9 a way t is f> m injuri\s to ! trees4 ,res9 h>d5s into gum :5 expos$ to ! air1 s x is impossible to draw x out ?r\gh small tubes l spiles ( eld] t dra9 ! maple sap4 ,a great ga% is cut 9 ! side ( ! trunk ( a p9e tree1 =m+ a pocket hold+ ?ree p9ts or m4 ,n[ a squ>e foot or m ( ! b>k above ! pocket is cut (f1 & ! wood is *ipp$ to a dep? ( an in* or m4 ,! ble$+ surface ( ! wood fills ! pocket bel[ ) res91 & a man comes ar\nd ) pails & dipp] to empty ^! pockets z fa/ z !y fill4 ,! pails are c>ri$ to a /ill1 :]e ! res9 is p\r$ into a tank & heat$ to draw (f ! limpid turp5t9e4 ,once a week1 f ,m>* till ,novemb]1 m b>k & wood1 above ! scor$ surface1 mu/ be *ipp$ to r5ew ! fl[ ( res94 ,if ?is fre% w\nd+ did n occur1 ! fl[ w\ld cease1 because ! res9 ?ick5s & h>d5s :5 expos$ to ! air4 ,?is /ops up ! pores ( ! wood4 ,=tunes h be5 made by ! dra9+ ( ^! p9e trees ( _! ri*1 pit*y sap4 ,turp5t9e & t> & ros9 are all products ( ! sap ( p9es1 & all are imm5sely valuable1 especially 9 %ipy>ds1 & 9 ! provision+ ( sea-go+ craft ( all sorts4 ,! t]m1 8naval /ores10 has be5 appli$ to ! products ( turp5t9e ga!r+4 ,our =e/s supply mo/ ( ^! products to o!r c\ntries4 ,! sap ( c]ta9 tropical trees h>d5s into rubb]4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ valuable ( tree crops1 = !re is h>dly a h\sehold t does n h rubb] articles ( a doz5 k9ds t are daily us$4 ,lacqu] v>ni% is ! juice ( c]ta9 suma* trees t gr[ 9 ,japan4 ,gums ( fir trees h a special use 9 m$ic9e1 & 9 v>i\s arts4 ,sweet gum oozes f trees ( t "n4 ,?is is n noticeable 9 our trees ( ! ,nor?1 b if we foll[ ! trees s\?w>d1 ! gum fl[ increases4 ,9 ,mexico x is an article ( comm]ce1 obta9$ by w\nd+ ! b>k ( ! trees4 ,x is "o ( ! /aple glove p]fumes 9 ,france4 ,x is also made into m$ic9es1 p]fumes1 & inc5se4 ,! sap ( wild *]ry1 holly1 & buck?orn1 ( wit* hazel & sassafras all yield m$ic9al drugs4 ,! fl[]s ( locu/1 ( basswood1 & all ! fruit trees furni% nect> out ( :i* bees make honey4 ,! juicy inn] b>k ( ! slipp]y elm is valuable = food1 & z a m$ic9e4 ,,! ,,uses ,,( ,,trees ,imag9e a /rang] :o has liv$ all 8 life 9 a des]t :]e no trees gr[1 com+ sudd5ly into our village1 & look+ ) wond] at ! trees t %ade ! /reets4 ,he kn[s only ! sp9y cactuses1 & o!r plants ( ! des]t4 ,8 fir/ "q w\ld be1 8,:at are ^! great plants t /& s tall80 ,! "n1 tree1 is new to him4 ,x w\ld be a /range exp]i5ce to take su* an eag] & ignorant man & %[ him ! trees1 on ! /reets1 plant$ 9 or*>ds1 & gr[+ wild 9 ! woods outside ( ! t[n4 ,8 que/ions set u to ?9k+4 ,he wants to "k :y we plant trees1 & h[ we use ^? t gr[ 9 =e/s4 ,fir/1 we tell him ! uses ( ! liv+ trees4 ,up & d[n ! /reets !y are set = %ade1 & = _! beauty4 ,r[s ( ev]gre5s set close toge!r make a protect+ wall ( gre5 aga9/ ! cold w9ds4 ,l[ clipp$ h$ges ( _m k9ds ( trees make liv+ b\nd>ies1 mu* m beautiful ?an wood5 or wire f5ces4 ,on lawns & ne> h\ses trees are plant$ = _! beauty & = _! %ade4 ,or*>ds ( fruit trees are plant$ because !y furni% food4 ,nut or*>ds are set out = ! same reasons4 ,! trees cut d[n 9 ! woods1 & saw$ at ! mills give u lumb] to build h\ses to live 91 & furniture to make !m com=table1 & ! same =e/ furni%es ! fuel t keeps u w>m4 ,!re is s mu* to expla9 to a p]son :o discov]s trees = ! fir/ "t4 ,x takes a long "t to tell all we "k4 ,d we ?9k t we "k a great deal ab\t ! uses ( trees8 ,if s1 we are mi/ak54 ,! tru? is t trees s]ve u 9 ways ( :i* we h nev] dream$4 ,we mu/ travel ov] ! _w & read a great deal to le>n h[ ! p ( o!r c\ntries make use ( trees4 ,! basswood or l9d5 :i* nobody c>$ to use except = fuel 9 ! ,middle ,we/ might pass = a useless tree1 comp>$ ) ^? ^: wood is h>d] & /rong]4 ,b 9 old] c\ntries p h q a diff]5t op9ion ( ! tree4 ,9 ,russia ! t\gh b>k ( "y l9d5s is us$ to make ! %oes ( peasants4 ,ropes1 fi%+ nets1 & braid$ mats are made f ! same t\gh 8ba/0 fibres1 :i* are v long & t\gh 9 ?is family ( trees4 ,! se$s yield oil t is decl>$ to be q z good z olive oil = cook+1 & = ! table4 ,p]fume is di/ill$ f ! fl[]s4 ,cattle br[se on ! twigs & leaves4 ,! wood is ! c>v]'s delight--s(t1 :ite1 free f knots & imp]fections4 ,x is us$ = bureau draw]s1 c>riage bodies1 %oe soles1 b>rel /aves & pap] pulp4 ,its twigs make arti/'s *>coal p5cils4 ,l9d5 trees are plant$ = %ade 9 _m c\ntries1 & 9 ,europe !y are (t5 cut into grotesque %apes ( animals z !y gr[4 ,!y are clipp$ into h$ges1 z close z box or yew4 ,9 ,am]ica !y are usually all[$ to gr[ naturally1 z %ade trees4 ,european species are r m symmetrical ?an our native k9ds4 ,! ,indians ( ! ,nor?we/ us$ ! s(t inn] b>k ( ! tam>ack p9e = food4 ,!y cut d[n ! trees1 /rip !m ( b>k1 & scrap$ out ?is s(t l9+ lay]4 ,) wat]1 !y ma% x into a pulp1 :i* !y cook & !n m\ld into l>ge cakes4 ,a hole is next dug 9 ! gr\nd1 l9$ ) /ones1 & a fire is built 9 x4 ,:5 ! /ones are hot1 all a%es are remov$1 & ! cakes1 wrapp$ 9 gre5 skunk cabbage leaves1 are laid 94 ,a fire ( damp moss is built on top1 & ?us ! cakes are ?or\ghly1 bak$4 ,to insure _! keep+1 !y are next smok$ 9 a close t5t = a week or m4 ,?is dries & cures !m s t !y may be safely pack$ away = future use4 ,^! h>d1 dry cakes are aft]w>d brok5 into pieces & boil$4 ,:5 ! mass s(t5s & cools1 x is ready to eat4 ,! fat ( diff]5t animals is us$ = butt] on ?is /range ,alaskan bread4 ,illu/ration3 ,fl[]s & fruit ( ! wild black *]ry ,illu/ration3 ,! delicate :ite fl[] clu/]s ( ! s]viceb]ry tree ,ev]ybody kn[s t trees be> fruits ( _m k9ds t are useful z food = m5 & bea/s4 ,spices1 su* z nutmegs1 mace1 cloves1 & allspice1 may be add$ to ?is li/ ( fruits :i* we h z human foods4 ,! b>k ( bir*es is invaluable to ! ,indians = ! mak+ ( _! canoes1 baskets1 & all k9ds ( ut5sils4 ,huts & teepees are wall$ ) x4 ,rope & co>se clo? are made out ( ! fibre ( mulb]ry b>k1 & b]ry baskets out ( ! b>k ( ! lodgepole p9e4 ,! fibr\s roots ( ! l>* tree furni%$ t\gh ?read1 ) :i* ! ,indians sew$ canoes ( bir*1 & !y made !m wat]-tight ) ! gum ( ! balsam4 ,! br[n gum t oozes f w\nds ( ! ,we/]n l>* is sweet & />*y4 ,! ,indians discov]$ 9 x a valuable article ( food4 ,"o ( ! late/ uses ( wood is ! mak+ ( pap]1 al?\gh ! :ite hornet %[$ 9 its conical pap] ne/ t ?is c\ld be done4 ,%e has be5 mak+ wood5 pap] = hundr$s ( ye>s1 scrap+ ! wood f ! surface ( wea!rn-worn f5ce bo>ds1 & f ! dead limbs ( =e/ trees4 ,our newspap]s are made ( gr\nd wood1 cook$ to a s(t pulp1 & roll$ out into ?9 %eets4 ,! high price ( pap] makes x wor? :ile to ga!r up pap]s1 blea* !m1 conv]t !m into pulp1 & roll !m out aga9 into %eets4 ,spruce wood & popl> are among ! *eap woods :i* h come into dem& at ! pap] mills4 ,! =e/s ( ^! trees1 c\nt$ ( little use = lumb]1 h become valuable because ! pap] mills c use !m4 ,look ab\t ! room1 & a doz5 articles1 beside ! *airs & table1 are products ( wood1 or 9 "s way owe a debt to trees4 ,! pa9t t cov]s ! w9d[ sa% & frames 0 mix$ ) turp5t9e1 :i* is obta9$ f ! pit*y sap ( p9e trees4 ,! %ades & curta9s are col\r$4 ,dyes ( _m k9ds are extract$ f ! v>i\s dyewoods1 trees t gr[ 9 tropical =e/s4 ,! newspap] & ! books on ! %elves are made ( wood pulp4 ,! lacqu]$ box f ,japan is a h&some ?+4 ,! lacqu] v>ni% is ! sap ( a c]ta9 ,ori5tal suma* tree4 ,! p]fume ( ! gloves 9 ! box is made f ! fragrant gum ( an ,ori5tal sweet gum tree4 ,! sk9 out ( :i* ! gloves 7 made 0 tann$1 n ) b>k1 b ) ! acorn cups1 or galls1 ( a ,european oak4 ,! %oes on y\r feet are made ( lea!r4 ,! hemlock trees t gr[ on ! hills 7 /ripp$ ( _! b>k by peel]s 9 e>ly spr+4 ,black oak & *e/nut oak are also /ripp$ 9 our woods4 ,c>loads ( b>k are %ipp$ to ! tann]ies to be us$ 9 ! tann+ ( sk9s :i* *anges !m into lea!r4 ,t beautiful book ^u ! table is b\nd 9 ,russia lea!r4 ,! acorn cups ( a ,european oak 7 us$ to tan ! sk9s t made ?is lea!r s mu* m beautiful ?an t ( y\r %oes4 ,y\r gloves are made ( kid sk9s tann$ 9 ,europe4 ,= ?is p>ticul> "w ! nut-l galls t gr[ on c]ta9 oak trees are ga!r$ 9 ! woods4 ,tann9 is ! sub/ance 9 oak b>k :i* makes x valuable 9 tann+ lea!r4 ,a high p]c5tage ( tann9 is f\nd 9 oak galls4 ,= ?is reason !y are ga!r$ 9 _m c\ntries1 & are among ! mo/ valuable & high-pric$ supplies = ! e/abli%m5ts t tan sk9s = gloves4 ,! mo/ exp5sive inks & dyes1 ^? t d n fade1 b are practically p]man5t1 are made f select$ oak galls4 ,oak apples are a /range fruit1 f\nd 9 m or less abundance on ! leaves ( our own oak trees 9 autumn4 ,y h se5 !m 9 summ] "t1 plump1 gre5 balls1 sometimes z l>ge z a h5's egg1 b globul>1 sitt+ ^u a leaf4 ,9 autumn ! balls take on ! col\r ( ! dy+ leaves4 ,! same tree may h h>d little m>ble-l balls gr[+ on its twigs4 ,^! are ( diff]5t sizes1 & x is n unusual to f9d a hole 9 ! side ( ea*4 ,all su* outgr[?s on ! leaves & twigs ( oaks are call$ galls1 & !y are *iefly caus$ by w+$ insects call$ gall-gnats4 ,an egg is laid 9 e>ly spr+1 9 a slit pi]c$ 9 ! twig or leaf4 ,z ?is egg hat*es1 ! tissue ab\t x is di/urb$ 9 its gr[? by ! pres5ce ( ?is fe$+ grub4 ,! s(t leaf pulp1 or ! t5d] tissues ( ! twig t surr\nd x1 are exactly :at ! grub likes to eat4 ,food & dr9k are all ab\t x1 & z x fe$s1 x gr[s4 ,! leaf swells1 & s surr\nds ! grub ) an abnormal gr[?4 ,! grub /ill fe$s1 & ! swell+ becomes l>g]1 until f9ally1 :5 ! insect ceases to eat1 x is h\s$ 9 ! peculi> ball :i* we "k z an oak gall4 ,ea* species ( gall-mak] is kn[n by its h\se4 ,! oak apples are ( sev]al k9ds4 ,"s are empty except = a little %ell 9 ! c5tre1 9 :i* ! fat grub sleeps4 ,sometimes ! sub/ance )9 ! 8apple0 is corky1 sometimes spongy4 ,bullet galls1 :i* =m on twigs l little m>bles1 are usually solid to ! c5tre1 :]e ! grub lies until ! "t comes = x to bore its way out to ! surface1 & fly away1 to lay eggs :i* w produce o!r galls4 ,usually oak galls1 f\nd 9 w9t]1 conta9 ! sleep+ grub1 ^: trans=mation into a w+$ insect waits until ! com+ ( spr+4 ,! cork 9 y\r ink bottle is ! b>k ( an oak tree4 ,g to ,portugal or to ,nor!rn ,africa1 & y may see ! cork h>ve/ 9 progress 9 ,july or ,augu/4 ,!re is no place to g = g5u9e cork except to a small ev]gre5 oak t r>ely rea*es a height ov] ?irty feet4 ,:5 ^! trees are tw5ty-five ye>s old1 a h>d1 ?9 lay] ( b>k is /ripp$ (f4 ,?is is a valuable tan b>k1 b x is n 9 ! lea/ corky4 ,! tree n[ produces a spongy b>k entirely diff]5t f ! fir/4 ,x is n di/urb$ = eight or t5 ye>s4 ,?is is /ripp$ (f4 ,x is ! poor quality ( b>k :i* fi%]m5 use to float _! nets )4 ,t5 ye>s lat] ! b>k is /ripp$ aga94 ,x is bett] 9 quality ?an ! fir/4 ,ea* t5 ye>s br+s ! b>k /ripp] aga9 to ! tree4 ,9 ! fiftie? ye>1 ! b>k is ( ! f9e/ quality1 & = fifty ye>s t foll[ !re are five /ripp+s ( b>k ( ! highe/ grade4 ,!n ! quality becomes poor]4 ,! trees are cut d[n1 ! b>k is sold to ! tann]s1 & ! wood is us$ = *>coal or = fuel4 ,x is a v p>ticul> job to get ! cork (f & leave ! "u lay] un9jur$4 ,! trunk is /ripp$ f ! gr\nd to ! po9t :]e x bran*es1 & ! inn] 8"m b>k0 mu/ n be bruis$1 = no m cork w gr[ on any bruis$ spot4 ,two circul> cuts are made1 "o at ! top1 "o at ! bottom ( ! column> trunk1 !n two opposite slits are made divid+ ! b>k ( ! trunk into two halves4 ,^! curv$ plates are work$ (f by ins]t+ a w$g$-%ap$ tool betwe5 ! b>k & ! trunk1 & gradually work+ x fur!r 9 until ! :ole curv$ plate ( cork comes (f4 ,^! two big %eets are /eam$ & flatt5$1 !n b\nd 9 bundles1 & %ipp$ to :olesale deal]s 9 cork4 ,! own] ( a grove ( cork oaks mu/ wait t5 ye>s betwe5 crops ( ! b>k1 b e ye> ?ree crops ( acorns are borne on ^! trees4 ,! pigs ( ! own]1 turn$ into ! grove1 fatt5 on ?is ri* food4 ,s ! little trees are v pr(itable 9 two ways4 ,9 ! s\? ( ,europe1 ! h&some1 ev]gre5 holm oak gr[s wild2 its glossy leaves & compact =m rem9d u ( our holly trees4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ valuable ornam5tal oaks1 b z a fruit tree1 x has unusual value4 ,its acorns are sweet & ri*1 & ! crop is heavy4 ,hogs are fatt5$ ^u !m4 ,9 e>li] days !y 7 us$ z human food1 & ev5 n[ gipsies ga!r !m to eat4 ,its acorn cups1 b>k1 & ! galls x be>s are ( ! v be/ quality4 ,!y are us$ 9 ! mo/ p>ticul> jobs ( dye+ & tann+4 ,"u gr\nd1 ! holm oak be>s a /range fruit--a fungus call$ 8truffle0 develops on ! roots4 ,^! truffles are some:at l mu%rooms 9 _! gr[?4 ,!y are f> m delici\s to eat1 & exp5sive to buy ?an ord9>y mu%rooms4 ,! be/ ( !m are f\nd 9 ,france1 & ,fr5* p are especially fond ( !m4 ,trees t gr[ on *alky l&s are m likely to produce truffles4 ,at a doz5 ye>s old1 !y beg9 to yield1 & truffles may be f\nd ^u _! roots = ab\t tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,n e holm oak has truffles on its roots4 ,! f9d+ ( ^! delicacies is a v int]e/+ & excit+ game1 & a great deal ( a lott]y4 ,!re is b "o way to f9d !m1 & t is by ! s5se ( smell4 ,! truffle has a ri*1 /rong od\r4 ,dogs & pigs are ! only animals t are able to f9d x4 ,! truffle-hunt] is usually an old woman1 :o goes ) a tra9$ pig or a tra9$ dog into ! oak =e/4 ,%e has a basket1 & a spad+ =k1 & %e keeps a close eye on h] f\r-foot$ p>tn]4 ,if ! pig1 9 root+ ab\t "u an oak1 sudd5ly becomes excit$1 & beg9s to root furi\sly1 %e drives him away1 & digs out ! preci\s ball ( fungus he has sc5t$4 ,x is irregul> 9 =m1 & looks some:at l a potato4 ,mean:ile ! pig locates ano!r1 & is aga9 disappo9t$4 ,! truffle dog is treat$ 9 ! same mann]4 ,unless put into a p51 or *a9$ at night1 ^! truffle-hunt]s are likely to take to ! woods & fea/ :5 no "o is by to int]f]e ) _! pleasure4 ,truffles are %ipp$ 9 cans to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b we h n yet discov]$ !m gr[+ on ! roots ( our oak trees4 ,probably we h n yet look$ = !m ) suffici5t c>e & pati5ce4 ,,app5dix ,,app5dix ,,id5tification ,,keys ,,to ,,tree ,,gr\ps ,,& ,,families ,a ,,key ,,to ,,ne$le-,,leav$ ,,ev]gre5s ,a4 ,leaves few1 9 %ea!d bundles1 set spirally on ! twig4 ,,! ,,p9es4 ,,aa4 ,leaves solit>y1 set spirally on ! twig4 ,b4 ,twigs ) bracket-l projections = atta*m5t ( leaves2 cones hang+ d[n4 ,c4 ,leaves flat1 blunt1 ) %ort /alks4 ,! ,hemlocks4 ,,cc4 ,leaves angl$1 %>p1 )\t /alks4 ,! ,spruces4 ,,bb4 ,twigs smoo?2 cones /&+ erect4 ,! ,firs4 ,a ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,p9es ,a4 ,%ea?s ( leaf-bundles soon %$2 wood s(t1 pale4 ,,s(t ,,p9es4 ,b4 ,ne$les1 #e 9 a bundle4 ,c4 ,cones1 #e to #h in*es long2 ,ea/]n4 ,:ite ,p9e4 ,,cc4 ,cones1 #ab to #ah in*es long2 ,we/]n4 ,sug> ,p9e4 ,,bb4 ,ne$les few] ?an #e 9 a bundle2 ,we/]n4 ,nut ,p9es4 ,,aa4 ,%ea?s ( leaf-bundles n soon %$2 wood h>d1 heavy1 d>k1 res9\s4 ,,h>d ,,p9es4 ,b4 ,ne$les1 #c 9 a bundle4 ,c4 ,l5g? ( ne$les1 #h to #ah in*es2 cones1 #f to #aj in*es4 ,longleaf ,p9e4 ,,cc4 ,l5g? ( ne$les1 #f to #i in*es2 cones1 #c to #e in*es4 ,loblolly ,p9e4 ,,ccc4 ,l5g? ( ne$les1 #c to #e in*es2 cones1 #a to #c in*es4 ,pit* ,p9e4 ,,bb4 ,ne$les1 #b 9 a bundle2 ,nor!rn4 ,c4 ,l5g? ( ne$les1 #d to #f in*es2 cones #b in*es4 ,r$ ,p9e4 ,,cc4 ,l5g? ( ne$les1 #a to #c in*es2 cones1 #b to #c in*es4 ,j]sey ,p9e4 ,,bbb4 ,ne$les1 #b or #c 9 a bundle2 ,s\!rn4 ,c4 ,l5g? ( ne$les1 #c to #e in*es2 cones1 #a to #c in*es4 ,%ortleaf ,p9e4 ,,cc4 ,l5g? ( ne$les1 #h to #ab in*es2 cones1 #c to #f in*es4 ,cuban ,p9e4 ,a ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,scale-,,leav$ ,,ev]gre5s ,a4 ,se$s borne 9 a woody cone2 twigs flatt5$1 leaves m9ute4 ,arbor ,vitae4 ,:ite ,c$>4 ,,aa4 ,se$s borne 9 a fle%y1 blue b]ry2 leaves scale-l or sp9y1 or bo?4 ,junip]4 ,r$ ,c$>4 ,a ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,nut ,,trees ,a4 ,nuts 9 a husk t op5s :5 ripe4 ,b4 ,husk op5s 9 f\r divisions4 ,c4 ,surface ( husk1 sp9y4 ,d4 ,nut ?ree-angl$1 small1 two 9 a husk4 ,bee*4 ,,dd4 ,nut r\nd$1 or flatt5$1 #b or #c 9 a husk4 ,*e/nut4 ,,cc4 ,surface ( husk n sp9y4 ,hickories4 ,,bb4 ,husk op5s 9 ?ree divisions4 ,horse-*e/nuts & ,buckeyes4 ,,bbb4 ,husk op5s 9 two divisions2 sp9y4 ,*9quap94 ,a4 ,nuts 9 a husk t does n op5 :5 ripe4 ,b4 ,%ape ( nut1 globul>2 surface1 smoo?4 ,black ,walnut4 ,,bb4 ,%ape ( nut1 oblong2 surface1 clammy4 ,butt]nut4 ,a ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,gr\ps ,,( ,,oaks ,a4 ,acorns1 annual2 b>k usually pale2 leaves ) r\nd$ lobes1 n sp9y-po9t$4 ,! ,:ite ,oak ,gr\p4 ,,aa4 ,acorns1 bi5nial2 b>k usually d>k2 leaves ) sp9y-po9t$ lobes4 ,! ,black ,oak ,gr\p4 ,a ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,:ite ,,oak ,,gr\p ,a4 ,leaves ev]gre52 ,s\!rn tree4 ,live ,oak4 ,,aa4 ,leaves n ev]gre54 ,b4 ,l9+ ( leaves pale1 n d[ny2 lobes f+]-l4 ,:ite ,oak4 ,,bb4 ,l9+ ( leaves pale1 d[ny4 ,c4 ,b>k ( bran*es corky-ridg$2 acorn l>ge1 9 fr+$ cup4 ,bur ,oak4 ,,cc4 ,b>k ( bran*es %$ 9 r\gh flakes2 acorns l>ge1 on long /alks4 ,swamp ,:ite ,oak4 ,,ccc4 ,b>k ( bran*es n corky-ridg$1 nor scaly4 ,d4 ,acorn m$ium-siz$2 leaf m>g9s cut into squ>i% lobes4 ,po/ ,oak4 ,,dd4 ,acorn l>ge2 leaf m>g9s wavy2 b>k d>k br[n4 ,*e/nut ,oak4 ,a ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,black ,,oak ,,gr\p ,a4 ,leaves n>r[1 will[-l2 ,s\!rn tree4 ,will[ ,oak4 ,,aa4 ,leaves oval1 ) deeply-cleft m>g9s4 ,b4 ,acorn cups1 %all[1 broad] ?an high4 ,c4 ,tree pyramidal1 twigs ) p9-l spurs4 ,p9 ,oak4 ,,cc4 ,tree spread+2 acorns l>ge1 9 %all[ sauc]s4 ,r$ ,oak4 ,,bb4 ,acorn cups z deep z broad4 ,c4 ,leaves ?91 smoo?1 deeply cut2 acorn cup drawn 9 at ! top4 ,sc>let ,oak4 ,,cc4 ,leaves lea!ry1 r\gh1 ) ru/y hairs b5ea?2 acorn cup n drawn 9 at ! top4 ,black ,oak4 ,a ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,elms ,a4 ,twigs smoo?1 n hairy-coat$4 ,b4 ,b>k ( bran*es n corky-ridg$4 ,am]ican ,elm4 ,,bb4 ,b>k ( bran*es corky-ridg$4 ,w+$ ,elm4 ,wahoo4 ,,aa4 ,twigs hairy-coat$4 ,b4 ,b>k ( bran*es corky4 ,cork ,elm4 ,rock ,elm4 ,,bb4 ,b>k ( bran*es n corky2 buds co>sely hairy4 ,slipp]y ,elm4 ,a ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,maples ,a4 ,leaves simple4 ,b4 ,bloom be=e ! leaves op52 se$s ripe 9 ,may4 ,c4 ,fl[]s r$2 leaves pale b5ea?1 ) ?ree triangul> lobes4 ,r$ ,maple4 ,,cc4 ,fl[]s gre5i%2 leaves pale b5ea?1 deeply cleft1 ) long1 sp9y lobes4 ,silv] ,maple4 ,,bb4 ,bloom aft] ! leaves op52 se$s ripe 9 autumn4 ,c4 ,leaves wid] ?an long2 lobes sp9y-tipp$4 ,d4 ,l9+ ( leaves1 pale2 keys jo9$ at acute angle4 ,sug> ,maple4 ,,dd4 ,l9+ ( leaves1 n pale2 keys jo9$ at wide angle4 ,norway ,maple4 ,,cc4 ,leaves circul>1 lob$2 tree pro/rate4 ,v9e ,maple4 ,,ccc4 ,leaves ab\t z wide z long2 trees small4 ,d4 ,b>k /rip$ ) :ite l9es2 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