,note3 ,images ( ! orig9al pages are    
available ?r\gh        ,int]net ,ar*ive4
 ,see                                   
https3_/_/ar*ive4org_/details_/air$ale#j
j;haynri*      ,transcrib]'s note3      
,text enclos$ by und]scores is 9 italics
 7italics74            ,,! ,,air$ale    
by    ,,williams ,,haynes    ,au?or (   
,beagles & ,beagl+1 ,toy ,dogs1 etc4    
,out+ ,h&books    ,new ,york  ,out+     
,publi%+ ,company  ,,mcmxi              
,copyright1 #aiaa1 by  ,out+ ,publi%+   
,company4    ,ent]$ at ,/ation]'s ,hall1
 ,london1 ,engl&4  ,all rights res]v$   
,,cont5ts       ,,*apt]                 
,,page         ,i4 ,,! ,,bigge/ ,,&     
,,be/ ,,t]ri]                           
#i        ,,ii4 ,,! ,,air$ale',s        
,,hi/ory                                
#ba       ,,iii4 ,,! ,,c>e ,,( ,a       
,,t]ri]                                 
#ce        ,,iv4 ,,bre$+ ,,t]ri]s       
#di         ,v4 ,,dog ,,%[s ,,& ,,%[+   
#fe        ,,vi4 ,,! ,,useful ,,air$ale 
#gi       ,,vii4 ,,common ,,ailm5ts     

#ia          ,,*apt] ,i    ,,! ,,bigge/ 
,,& ,,be/ ,,t]ri]      ,x 0 9 !         
,m]*ants' ,hotel1 ,man*e/]--a fam\s     
ga!r+ place  = ! dog fanci]s ( ! ,engli%
 ,midl&s1 ! mo/ ?ickly dog  populat$    
di/rict 9 ! :ole _w--t "o autumn ev5+ ,i
 he>d  ! be/ def9ition ( an ,air$ale t  
,i ev] knew4 ,a p>ty ( u1  fre% f "s b5*
 %[1 7 seat$ r\nd a table wait+ =  d9n]1
 & naturally we 7 talk+ dog1 tell+ dog  
/ories1  anecdotes1 & jokes4 ,i gave !  
,am]ican def9ition ( a da*%und2  half a 
dog high & a dog & a half long1 &       
,!odore ,m>ples1  editor ( ,our ,dogs1  
turn+ to a quiet little man1 not$ z a   
wild  fanatic on ! subject ( ,air$ales1 
ask$ him 8 def9ition ( 8  favorite bre$4
 ,quick z a sp>k he answ]$1 ,! bigge/ & 
be/  t]ri]6    ,!re are ?\s&s ( p1 all  
sorts ( p f bank]s to  begg>s1 scatt]$  
all ov] ?is e>? f ,dawson ,city to      
,capet[n1  f ,mosc[ to ,manila1 :o w e*o
 ! /atem5t t ! ,air$ale is  inde$ !     
bigge/ & ! be/ ( all ! t]ri]s4 ,moreov]1
 _!  votes w\ld n be brib$ by m]e       

s5tim5t1 b bas$ ^u good1 s\nd  reasons1 
= x is c]ta9 t he is ! bigge/1 & he is  
be/ at  do+ m ?+s ?an any o!r dog 9 !   
/ud book4    ,an ,air$ale w drive %eep  
or cattle2 he w help drag a sl$2 he  w  
t5d ! baby2 he w hunt any?+ f a be> to a
 field m\se4  ,he c run l a wolf & w    
take to wat] l an ott]4 ,he does  n butt
 9 look+ = tr\ble ) ea* dog t he passes 
on !  /reet1 b once he is 9 he w /ick1 =
 he is game z a pebble4  ,he is k9d1    
ob$i5t1 ?or\ghly tru/wor?y z a companion
 =  *ildr51 or a wat*man = y\r prop]ty4 
,he has ! disposition ( a  lamb comb9$ )
 ! c\rage ( a lion4 ,he is c]ta9ly ! mo/
  all-r\nd dog t !re is &1 unlike _m    
,jacks-(-all-trades1 he is  app>5tly q  
able to ma/] all tasks a dog is call$ ^u
 to  p]=m4    ,ov] & above 8 tal5ts & 8 
"*1 ! ,air$ale has a  con/itution made (
 /eel & /one4 ,he is equally at home 9 !
 sn[  wa/es ( ! ,arctic ,circle & on !  
alkali des]ts ( ,arizona4 ,!  dry1 brac+
 air ( ,colorado & ! fev]-soak$         
atmosph]e (  ,florida's ,ev]glades bo?  

seem to agree ) him p]fectly4 ,a sick   
,air$ale is j ab\t z common z a dodo4   
,! bigge/ & be/ t]ri] inde$ fits him to 
a ,t1 b x does n  convey any v def9ite  
idea z to :at he %\ld look l4 ,ev5 8    
mo/ en?usia/ic admir]s nev] claim$      
beauty = ! ,air$ale4 ,he is  n pretty1  
unless we ackn[l$ge t h&some is t h&some
  does1 & c see ! beauty ( p]fect       
symmetry "u wiry coat &  odd color+4    
,a good ,air$ale is ab\t z big z a      
po9t]2 some:]e 9 !  neighborhood (      
=ty-five p\nds1 a little m = a dog & a  
little  less = a bit*4 ,8 head %\ld be  
long2 ! skull flat & broad2  ! *eeks    
smoo?2 ! muzzle /rong ) tight lips ov]  
big1 :ite1  ev5 tee?4 ,8 eyes %\ld be   
small1 d>k1 & full ( fire & 8  e>s      
little1 c>ri$ high1 & %ap$ l a ,v1 =    
no?+ c s  detract f ! correct t]ri]     
expression z l>ge1 light eyes &  h\ndy  
e>s4 ,8 front legs ought to be a pair ( 
gun b>rels1 /raight  & /rong & ab\t !   
same ?ickness all ! way d[n4 ,8 %\ld]s  
are l ^? ( a race horse1 long & slop+2  

:ile 8 pads %\ld  be firm & h>d1 n ^?   
loose1 sprawly feet sometimes se54    ,!
 only k9d ( a back = him to h is %ort1 &
 8 ribs mu/  be well sprung4 ,a long    
back$ dog lacks /ay+ qualities1 & a     
slab-sid$ "o has n ! room = lungs4 ,8   
*e/ %\ld be deep1  b n>r[1 & he %\ld be 
slightly cut up 9 ! lo9--n !  wasp-l    
wai/ ( a greyh\nd1--b no bett] is a body
 l a  /ovepipe4 ,8 h9dqu>t]s %\ld be    
/rong1 ) ! hocks q ne>  ! gr\nd4 ,!     
,air$ale t does n c>ry a gay tail is a  
delight to  no eye4    ,la/1 b n lea/1  
comes ! coat4 ,9 color ?is %\ld be a    
deep1  ri* tan on ! head1 face1 *e/1    
legs1 & "u p>ts1 :ile ov]  ! back is a  
saddle ( black or iron-grey4 ,p]sonally1
 ,i l !  black m ?an ! grizzle1 = x     
makes a pretti] contra/ ) !  tan1 b a   
good horse _c be a bad color4 ,!        
,air$ale's coat is  7or r %\ld be7      
d\ble4 ,! ov]coat is ( hair l wire1 /iff
  & h>d1 ab\t an in* long all ov] ! dog1
 except on ! skull  :]e x is %ort]4 ,"u 
?is jacket ( wire1 !re ought to be a    

ve/ ( s(t1 woolly hair4    ,if y c      
collect 9 y\r m9d's eye all ! above     
details (  description y %\ld see a big1
 /rong1 compact1 bus9esslike dog1  full 
( ! prov]bial up-&-ev]-com+ _s t        
inspires all  t]ri]s4 ,8 e movem5t %[s  
/r5g?1 yet he always moves 9  t         
ef=t-economiz+ way :i* is ! v           
p]sonification ( grace4  ,:5 runn+ he   
sweeps along ) ! free op5 /ride ( a     
gallop+  ?or\ghbr$1 ) 8 head (t5 c>ri$  
l[1 b 8 tail always  high4    ,v (t5 !  
man want+ a dog = hunt+1 = a gu>d1 = a  
pal  turns up 8 nose at all ! f9ely     
enum]at$ details 9 :i* !  /&>d describes
 ! fanci]s' ideal ( ,air$ale p]fection4 
,he is  wrong1 =1 z ! adv]tisem5ts say1 
,!re's a reason4 ,take !  d\ble coat =  
example4 ,! ,air$ale 0 orig9ally br$ to 
be a wat]  dog4 ,! wiry coat %$s wat] l 
a duck's back1 & ! und]coat  keeps him  
w>m 9 all wea!r4 ,) ! k9d ( a jacket =  
:i* !  /&>d calls an ,air$ale c swim !  
riv]1 scramble out1 %ake  himself1 roll 
ov]1 & be dry4 ,moreov]1 su* a coat is a

 p]fect  armor aga9/ all k9ds ( ?orns1  
claws1 & tee?4 ,! long1 clean  head )   
its /rong muzzle means a jaw ) pl5ty (  
room = big1  /rong tee? & muscles to %ut
 ^? tee? z quickly & z surely  z a spr+ 
trap4    ,( c\rse1 n "o ,air$ale 9 a    
?\s& comes )9 sev5ty-five  p] c5t4 ( be+
 all t ! /&>d describes4 ,! av]age1     
h[ev]1 is high 9 ,am]ica2 mu* high] "h  
?an any:]e else 9  ! _w1 except ,engl&1 
& our be/ c ev5 hold _! own )  !        
*ampions f ! l& ( ! bre$'s creation4    
,am]icans :o  h be5 int]e/$ 9 ! dog h   
be5 bless$ ) en\gh ( ?is  _w's goods to 
buy :at !y want1 & almo/ )\t exception1 
!y  h be5 inspir$ ) ! be/ fanci] ideal1 
t ( bre$+ _!  own w9n]s4    ,?is has    
giv5 u a bre$+ /ock second only 9 numb]s
 to t (  ,great ,brita9 9 ! h&s ( m5 :o 
c\ld & w\ld use ! mat]ial  to ! be/     
advantage4 ,accord+ly1 ! ,am]ican-br$   
,air$ale is not$  ! _w ov] z a %[ dog1 &
 9 no o!r c\ntry has ! bre$'s  sport+   
possibilities be5 s fully te/$ z "h 9 ! 
,unit$  ,/ates4    ,by bir? & bre$+ !   

,air$ale is a sport+ t]ri]4 ,a dog br$  
orig9ally to d ! "w ( a v]m9 de/roy]1 he
 has tak5 naturally  to all k9ds ( game4
 ,9 ! ,rockies1 he is us$ on be>1 & he  
has  won a "n z a dog ( exceptional     
bra9s1 unfail+ c\rage1 &  rem>kable     
/am9a at "w f :i* no fool1 c[>d1 or     
weakl+  comes home to supp]4 ,on ! f>ms 
( ,new ,engl&1 he is *]i%$ z  an        
ext]m9ator ( wood-*ucks1 moles1 rats1 & 
v]m9 ( ?is class4  ,he hunts all ! way  
d[n ! scale f ! giant silv] tip to !    
m\se 9 ! pantry--m\nta9 lions1 wolves1  
pan!rs1 lynx1 wild cats1  foxes1 coons1 
skunks1 rabbits1 m9k1 :at n1 ea* & all  
he hunts  ) equal gu/o & success4 ,is x 
any wond] t ?\gh ! ,air$ale  is only a  
little ov] half a c5tury old 8 fame has 
spread f pole  to pole8    ,! ,air$ale  
is a dog t no "o c "k well )\t becom+ 8 
fri5d1 b all 8 fri5ds d n "k him well4  
,= ?is reason1 &  because s mu* dep5ds  
^u "o's fir/ dog1 x seems p>ticul>ly    
necess>y to give "s advice to int5d+    
,air$ale pur*as]s1 :om we  may divide   

into dog own]s & k5nel own]s4 ,by a dog 
own] ,i mean "o  :o wants an ,air$ale or
 two z a companion1 gu>d1 & all-r\nd    
dog4  ,k5nel own]s are ^? :o int5d      
keep+1 bre$+1 & %[+ or  hunt+ sev]al    
dogs4    ,! dog own] does n z a rule ?9k
 x wor? :ile to po/ himself  on ! hi/ory
 & po9ts ( ! bre$4 ,he has he>d !       
praises sung  ( ! bigge/ & be/ t]ri]1 & 
has decid$ t he is ! dog  he wants4 ,if 
t is all he wants let him get "s fri5d  
to give him  an ,air$ale puppy or let   
him buy "o z *eaply z he c1 b he is  go+
 to lose half ! pleasure ( own+ a good  
dog ( a good bre$4  ,m]r9ac1 ! be/ kn[n 
maitre d'armes 9 ,france1 once said to a
  p>ty ( ,am]ican f5c]s t x 0 ! romance 
( ! sword t  made f5c+ s fasc9at+ to its
 devotees1 & !re is romance 9  ! hi/ory 
( ! ,air$ale t weaves its *>m r\nd an   
,air$ale  own]4 ,:atev] we "k well is   
int]e/+ & wond]ful1 & a  k ( !          
,air$ale's pa/ & 8 po9ts1 :i* is an     
absolute  necessity to ! k5nel own]1    
adds "o hundr$ p] c5t4 to ! dog  own]'s 

pleasure4    ,! wise dog own] !n w le>n 
all he c ab\t 8 bre$4 ,book  l>n9' is   
good1 b bett] /ill are talks ) all sorts
 &  conditions ( ,air$ale own]s & a     
visit to an ,air$ale k5nel or !  r+side 
at a dog %[ :5 ! bre$ is be+ judg$4 ,no 
m5 ride  _! hobbies h>d] ?an dog        
fanci]s1 & all w talk & f all  c some?+ 
be le>n$4    ,:5 "o has le>n$ some?+    
ab\t ,air$ales let him !n buy 8  dog4 ,x
 is be/ to buy a dog ab\t six mon?s     
old--old en\gh to be  ov] puppy ills & n
 too old to le>n new tricks4 ,a puppy ( 
t  age1 ov] di/emp] & h\se brok51 is z  
satisfactory z x is  possible = a pup to
 be4 ,br++ up a t]ri] puppy is h>d on   
"o's  %oes1 ! ladies' hats1 & ev]yone's 
disposition1 b x is mu*  m satisfactory 
to tra9 him y\rself 9 ! ways y w\ld h   
him  g4    ,9 pick+ out a puppy select !
 bright little *ap to :om y are         
naturally attract$--,i am advis+ ! dog  
own] :o kn[s ! bre$  well en\gh n to be 
int]e/$ 9 any litt] n ( or?odox  bre$+4 
,only 9 case ( d\bt ne$ y pay att5tion  

to %[ po9ts4  ,if x comes to a "q ( t   
pick ! d>k eye1 small e>1 long  head1   
%ort back1 /raight legs4 ,d n worry ab\t
 size or color or  coat1 nor mu/ a      
novice expect to be able to pick ! w9n] 
( a  litt]4 ,g to a reputable bre$] &   
pay z mu* z y c af=d4  ,y c take 8      
advice1 = all dog bre$]s are n crooks & 
graft]s1 b l any o!r k9d ( a bus9ess    
transaction k  is v valuable to !       
pur*as]4    ,may ,i plead ! case ( !    
bit* z a companion8 ,n9e out ( t5 want  
a dog1 b a bit* has _m advantages4 ,%e  
is usually m clev]1 a  great deal m     
affectionate & fai?ful1 mu* less giv5 to
 roam+  f home1 & %\ld "o ev] want to   
raise "s puppies %e may prove  a        
valuable inve/m5t4    ,! k5nel own]1    
turn+ n[ to him1 w1 ,i take x = grant$1 
read  all he c lay 8 h&s on t treats ( !
 ,air$ale1 g to %[s1  visit k5nels1 &   
talk1 ?9k1 & dream ,air$ale4 ,if he is  
to h a  small k5nel ,i advise 8 buy+ "o 
or two good "y bit*es4 ,puppies  are a  
*ance & old bit*es1 h[ev] fam\s1 are    

poor bre$+ /ock4  ,buy "y w9n+ bit*es1  
prov$ mo!rs & ( desirable blood l9es  & 
y w h ! be/ possible />t along ! road ( 
k5nel  success4 ,x is z rocky a         
?or\ghf>e z ! prov]bial "o to ,dubl91   
full ( all sorts ( disappo9tm5ts & maybe
 ev5 losses1 b its  pleasures & its ga9s
 are sure to come to ! man :o foll[s x 9
  ! "r _s4    ,! l>ge k5nel own] is ei!r
 go+ into x = pleasure1 :]e he  w h a   
*eck book to help him1 or = a bus9ess4  
,9 ! =m]  case he w probably leave mu*  
on ! %\ld]s ( 8 k5nel  manag]1 & ,i am  
writ+ on ,air$ales n ! s]vant problem4  
,if he  is go+ to make a bus9ess ( rais+
 ,air$ales t is 8 bus9ess1  n ! au?or's4
    ,to all ,air$ale buy]s let me aga9  
say t x pays to "k all y  c ab\t ! bre$ 
& to buy ! be/ y c af=d4 ,! bigge/  &   
be/ t]ri] has be5 tri$ by s _m diff]5t p
 9 all  p>ts ( ! _w & has won su*       
unanim\s praise t 8 admir]s  c recomm5d 
him to anyone1 any:]e1 = any?+4         
,,*apt] ,,ii    ,,! ,,air$ale',s        
,,hi/ory      ,! ,air$ale is a product (

 ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury &  0       
manufactur$ 9 ,york%ire4 ,! /reams t    
tumble d[n ! deep  vales ( t ,midl&     
c\nty are ! homes ( hundr$s ( crafty1   
h>dbitt5 ott]s2 !re are ?iev+ foxes & v 
game1 b v  rascally badg]s 9 snug d5s 9 
! hills2 _m a swift ,engli% h>e  lives 9
 ! broad game pres]ves4 ,! h>dy         
,york%ireman ( #ahej--;8  sons & gr&sons
 to-day are real *ips ( ! old           
block--lov$  no?+ s mu* z a hunt aft] ! 
v]m91 ) possibly a rat kill+  conte/ ) a
 c\ple o' bob at /ake ( a ,saturday     
night1 &  sometimes1 on moonless nights1
 :5 game keep]s 7 asleep1 a little  trip
 aft] ! fill+ = a rabbit pie4 ,n[1 y _c 
d ^!  ?+s )\t a dog t is bra9y1 game1   
ob$i5t1 & z mu* at  home 9 wat] z on dry
 l&2 s !y j naturally set to "w to  make
 !mselves su* a dog4    ,all ?is we "k  
positively1 b :5 x comes to say+ any?+  
def9ite ab\t h[ !y made t dog1 :i* we n[
 call ! ,air$ale1  y beg9 to deal 9     
traditions z conflict+ z !ories on !    
,m>tian canals & speculations z vague z 

old wives' tales4 ,tak+  all ! y>ns &   
guesses & boil+ !m d[n to an av]age1 we 
f9d  t ! ,air$ale1 s mo/ p ?9k1 0       
orig9ally a cross betwe5  a tan-grizzle 
t]ri]1 n[ ext9ct or absorb$ 9 o!r bre$s1
 b  once common 9 ! ,midl&s1 & !        
ott]h\nd1 a big1 wire-coat$  wat] dog ( 
! bloodh\nd type1 t comes 9 all colors (
 ,joseph's  fam\s coat1 b ma9ly :ite )  
black & tanni% m>k+s4 ,to ?is  cross 7  
add$ da%es ( bull t]ri]1 :i* bre$ 01 at 
t "t1  j com+ to ! =e ) its des]v$      
reputation = grit1 &  ,b$l+ton t]ri]1 a 
light-weight1 top-knott$ dog f ! ,nor? (
  ,engl&4    ,probably !re 7 spr9kles ( 
! blood ( ! collie & ( all  t]ri]s f\nd 
at ! "t betwe5 ! ,midl&s & ! ,scotti%   
,bord]l&4 ,all ^! 7fox1 ,man*e/]1 ,wel%1
 ,old ,engli%1 & ,d&y  ,d9mont7 7 !n m  
or less indef9ite z to type & unc]ta9  z
 to bre$+1 :i* helps mat]ially 9 mak+   
confusion worse  conf\nd$4 ,j h[ & :y   
?is /range1 indef9ite mixture %\ld  h   
result$ 9 ! ,air$ale no "o c say4 ,!    
ott]h\nd donat$  ! size & ! love ( !    

wat]1 & all ! t]ri] blood made him  a   
t]ri] 9 spite ( 8 size4 ,f ! v beg9n+ ! 
bre$ _h  ! advantage ( hav+ an object4  
,! ,york%ireman want$ a big1  /rong1    
dead game1 wat]-lov+ t]ri]4 ,t furni%$ a
 /&>d to  bre$ to1 & !y got :at !y      
want$4    ,:5 ! fame ( ?is dog fir/     
spread f ! valleys ( 8  bir?place1 he 0 
pretty well e/abli%$ z to type1 & once  
tak5  up by ! dog %[+ fancy & a /&>d    
drawn up ! type 0 soon  firmly fix$4    
,s9ce 8 fir/ introduction to ! _w he has
 *ang$1  becom+ some:at l>g]4 ,! se]s & 
wise m5 ( ,engli% dogdom  rais$ a great 
hullaballoo :5 ?is giant among t]ri]s   
appe>$1  say+ t no dog ov] tw5ty p\nds  
c\ld be a t]ri] because a  t]ri] mu/ g  
to e>?4 ,! dog1 h[ev]1 0 ma9ly t]ri] 9  
blood  & s v c]ta9ly t]ri] 9 *>act]i/ics
 t he 0 class$  ) ! family4 ,maybe x is 
out ( respect to ! au?orities ( !  e>ly 
days ( ! dog fancy t we h gradually     
dropp$ ! t]ri]  9 8 "n1 & ?\gh x is a "p
 ( 8 (ficial title1 /ill !  dog is      
univ]sally spok5 ( z ! ,air$ale4        

,?is1 h[ev]1 0 n 8 orig9al "n1 = 9 e>ly 
days he 0  call$ ! wat]side t]ri]1 & 8  
(ficial db at ! ,engli%  dog %[s 0 9    
classes = brok5-hair$ work+ t]ri]s4 ,bo?
  titles 7 felt to be too indef9ite1 &  
,/oneh5ge1 ! sport+  au?ority1 sugge/$  
,b+ley t]ri]1 f ! t[n 9 ! he>t (  !     
di/rict :]e ! bre$ orig9at$4 ,local     
jeal\sies prev5t$ any  "o t[n giv+ its  
"n to ! bre$1 & !re 0 q a w> wag$  till 
"s unrecord$ g5ius sugge/$ t1 z !       
bir?place ( !  bre$ _h be5 9 ! valleys (
 ! ,aire ,riv] & its little  tribut>ies1
 ,air$ale 0 ! be/ "n4 ,s ,air$ale he    
became1 hav+  an (ficial *ri/5+ at !    
,otley %[ 9 ! late sev5ties4    ,besides
 add+ "s t5 p\nds to 8 weight & gett+ a 
di/9ctive  & pleas+ "n1 ! ,air$ale has  
*ang$ 9 o!r ways s9ce he took  8 light f
 "u ! bu%el basket4 ,8 head has l5g!n$1 
foll[+ ! t5d5cy ( all t]ri] bre$s4 ,8   
%\ld]s1 legs1 &  feet are worlds bett]  
n[ ?an !y 7 ye>s ago1 b coats h  suff]$4
 ,! wire jacket has improv$1 b ! woolly 
und]ve/ has  be5 sacrific$1 ?\gh n[ m & 

m att5tion is be+ paid to  ?is by bre$]s
 & judges4    ,! honor ( hav+ br\ght !  
fir/ ,air$ale to ,am]ica is g5]ally     
ascrib$ to ,mr4 ,c4 ,h4 ,mason1 :o is   
bett] kn[n to ?is g5]ation (  fanci]s z 
a cock] spaniel own] & editor ( ,man's  
,be/ ,fri5d4  ,he 0 orig9ally a         
,york%ire man1 :o _h kn[n & lov$ ! bre$ 
s9ce 8 y\?4 ,he import$ ,bruce1 a fairi%
 dog1 bl9d 9 "o eye1  b useful 9 /ud1   
:]e he sir$ ,*4 ,bru%4 ,bruce is m]ely a
  s5tim5t ) ,am]icans1 = all he has left
 is a reputation = bad  temp] & a y>n   
ab\t hav+ be5 sold = a few doll>s at a  
horse  auction 9 ,new ,york 9 #ahhe4    
,! bre$ fir/ took on 9 ,new ,york1 b    
,philadelphia has long be5  its         
/ronghold4 ,! ,quak] ,city1 boa/+ su*   
fanci]s z ,clem5t  ,newbold1 ,william   
,b>clay1 ,russel ,h4 ,johnson1 ,w4 ,h4  
,:ittem1 ,daniel  ,buckley1 & ,dr4 ,h5ry
 ,j>rett1 has away & beyond pass$ o!r   
cities  9 ! numb] & quality ( its       
,air$ales4 ,9 e>ly days ! ,new ,york    
fancy 0 repres5t$ by ,mr4 ,j4 ,l4       

,lorill>d1 ! pur*as] ( ,clonmel  ,m>vel1
 ^: importation boom$ ! bre$'s /ock 9   
?is c\ntry2  ,messrs4 ,de ,witt         
,co*rane1 ,foxhall ,ke5e1 & ,c4         
,o',donnel1 all ( :om  h n be5 s active 
lately4 ,lat] ,!odore ,(f]man1 ,james   
,h4  ,brookfield1 ,james ,watson1 &     
,john ,g\gh ent]$ ! game1 & !y  figure  
to-day z own]s ( w9n]s4    ,?is is a    
%ort sket* ( h[ ! bre$ orig9at$ & h[ !y 
came to  ,am]ica1 b real hi/ory is m51 n
 ev5ts1 or r dogs1 n  ev5ts4 ,x is      
int]e/+1 b m important is a k ( !  dogs 
( ! pa/4 ,9 limit$ space1 "o c only say 
a ^w or two  ab\t ! mo/ fam\s ( ! bre$'s
 celebrities1 s ,i mu/ be p>don$  if "s 
read] is disappo9t$ 9 n f9d+ m5tion ( "s
 dog 9  :i* he is p>ticul>ly int]e/$4   
,almo/ ea* ye> has se5 its good  dogs1 b
 we c only t\* ^? :i* "t has decl>$ to  
be truly  great4    ,! sigh = ! good old
 days is common 9 all ?+s1 & we (t5  he>
 x f dog fanci]s4 ,x is good food =     
talk1 b t is all1  = ! old-tim]s ( any  
bre$ c\ld n w9 9 ! r+ aga9/ !  cracks ( 

to-day4 ,among ! v e>ly ,air$ale w9n]s  
73 ,tann]1  ,"y ,tann]1 ,ru/ic ,twig1   
,ru/ic ,kitty1 ,ru/ic ,lad1 ,newbold    
,fritz1  ,vix51 & ,v5om1 none ( :om w\ld
 be "o1 two1 ?ree 9 a good %[  to-day4  
,clip & ,*4 ,*olmondeley ,bri> 7 ! two  
fir/ really good  dogs4 ,clip 0 a s\nd1 
hone/ dog :o %[$ real mod]n type1 &     
gave black1 real t]ri] eyes to 8 pups2  
:ile ,bri> 0 ! fir/  real %[ h]o1 hav+  
gone undefeat$ till he met ,clonmel     
,m>vel4    ,clonmel ,m>vel1 "o ( !      
really great dogs ( ! _w1 0 br$  by a   
novice1 a ,mr4 ,f4 ,c4 ,br[n1 :o mat$ 8 
,*olmondeley ,mona to  ,clipp]1 a good  
dog1 b no wond]4 ,!re 7 n9e 9 ! litt]1  
& ,mr4 ,br[n %[$ ,m>vel1 :om he call$   
,w>field ,victor1 9 a  #c ,sell+ ,class1
 :]e he 0 plac$ second1 be+ sadly out ( 
condition4 ,jack ,holgate saw ! r\gh    
diamond1 b\ght x1 & resold  x to        
,messrs4 ,mills & ,buckley1 ! fam\s     
,clonmel firm4 ,m>vel beat  all ( 8     
"t--dogs & bit*es--& won eighte5        
*ampion%ips4  ,ev5tually he came to     

,am]ica1 along ) ,*4 ,clonmel ,s5sation 
&  ,clonmel ,v]acity4 ,he 0 by f> ! be/ 
,air$ale se5 up to 8 "t1  a dog h>d to  
fault1 ev5 9 ! light ( mod]n criticism4 
,he prov$  z wond]ful a sire z he 0 a %[
 crack1 & mu* ( real t]ri]  /yle 9 !    
bre$ to-day is due to him4    ,a        
contempor>y ( ,m>vel's 0 ,*4 ,dumb>ton  
,lass1 :o also came to  ?is side ( !    
,atlantic to ! k5nels ( ,mr4 ,joseph    
,laur91 9  ,montreal4 ,%e 0 br$ by      
,capt4 ,baird ,smi?1 :o b5*$ h] at      
,woolwi* 9 poor condition4 ,mr4 ,a4 ,e4 
,j5n+s1 ^: k5nels 7 !n  p>am\nt1 b\ght  
h] & %[$ h] = ?ree ye>s1 :5 %e w5t to   
,mr4 ,/u>t ,noble & 0 lat] b\ght by !   
,canadian fanci]4 ,%e  prov$ a gold m9e 
z a brood bit* & 0 p]sonally h>d to     
fault--b>r+ h] coat4    ,b ! mo/        
wond]ful brood bit* ( ! bre$1 "o ^: "n  
%\ld  be writt5 9 gold 9 ! ,air$ale     
,hall ( ,fame1 0 n a great %[  w9n]4 ,%e
 0 ,ba? ,lady4 ,h] fir/ big w9n+ puppy 0
 ,bri>wood1  :o came out 9 ,london 9    
#ahif4 ,bri>wood 0 by ,hyndman ,bri>1 by

  ,will[ ,nut1 & l all ,ba? ,lady /ock  
prov$ 8 value 9 !  bre$+ k5nels4 ,8 mo/ 
fam\s get 0 ! beautiful bit* ( ,*4      
,broadl&s ,ba%ful4 ,we c only m5tion two
 o!rs ( ,ba? ,lady's  (fspr+1 b ^?      
fanci]s :o h dogs 9 ^: p$igrees %e      
appe>s c congratulate !mselves4 ,to ,*4 
,clonmel ,m>vel %e produc$  ,*4 ,clonmel
 ,kitty1 a really good "o all ov]1 & to 
,ma/] ,bri> %e  _h ,walton ,victory1 ev5
 bett]--except 9 skull--?an ,kitty4     
,dur+ ! n9eties ! ,tone ,k5nels ) ,*4   
,tone ,j]ry1 ^: =te  0 8 wond]ful coat &
 color1 & ,*4 ,tone ,crack1 excell+ 9   
bone1 coat1 & body1 b broad across !    
skull1 _h a big say 9 !  prize-li/s4 ,9 
#ahif ,/udholme ,%]ry came out & 0 hail$
 z a  fly]1 b he did n la/1 ?\gh 9 8 day
 he 0 a beautiful  t]ri]4    ,*4        
,clonmel ,mon>*1 :o has done s mu* =    
,philadelphia's ,air$ale  supremacy z a 
sire & z a %[ dog came z ne> ! ideal    
,air$ale  z we f9d1 made 8 db ab\t ?is  
"t 9 ,leice/] & ran  second to ,*4 ,rock
 ,salt4 ,mon>* 0 undevelop$1 b six mon?s

  lat] at ,alex&ra ,palace he came to 8 
own & aft] t 8 %[  record 9 ,engl& 0 an 
unbrok5 /r+ ( fir/s4 ,he 0 a gr&        
t]ri]--almo/ faultless--8 coat wav$ a   
bit & 8 critics us$ to  say he 0 s f9e  
he 0 bit*y4 ,j to m5tion "s ( 8 pups    
%[s :at he 0 at /ud3 ,*4 ,broadl&s1     
,royal ,desc5dant1 ,*4 ,tone  ,reg5t1   
,*4 ,clonmel ,b$ ,rock1 ,clav]h\se      
,en*antress1 ,clonmel  ,coronation1 &   
,/ra?allan ,solace4 ,*4 ,rock ,salt1    
m5tion$ z !  conqu]or ( ,mon>*1 0 a good
 "o :om ,am]icans "k be/ ?r\gh  ,*4 ,!  
,new ,k+1 8 son1 :o has done s well = ! 
,new ,engl&  fanci]1 ,mr4 ,ar?ur        
,m]ritt4    ,*4 ,tone ,ma/]piece--kn[n  
"h z ,*4 ,york ,ma/]piece1 = ,mr4       
,(f]man gave him 8 own k5nel's prefix--0
 a dog ( ups & d[ns1  b he 0 an hone/   
*ampion1 :o j miss$ be+ great4 ,8 son   
7br$ 9 ,engl&7 ,flori=m 0 ano!r good dog
 :o did ?+s 9 ,new  ,york 9 ! e>ly ye>s 
( ! new c5tury :]e he 0 own$ by ,mr4    
,(f]man & lat] by ,mr4 ,brookfield4     
,flori=m 0 ! sire ( ,*4  ,engaflora1 !  

fir/ great ,am]ican bit*4    ,9 #aijb   
two good b un=tunate sons ( ,clonmel    
,mon>* came out1 ,*4  ,legrams ,pr9ce--a
 real fly]--& ,b&ol]o1 :o nev] got 8 j  
des]ts at ! %[s4 ,rheumatism spoil$     
,pr9ce's %\ld]s = !  %[ r+ & 8 ill-/>r$ 
half bro!r di$ ( wasp /+s4 ,a           
contempor>y ( ^! dogs 0 ,*4 ,wombwell   
,rattl]1 a rattl+ good  "o ) a s(ti%    
coat :o sir$ ,mr4 ,(f]man's well kn[n   
crack ,*4  ,york ! ,conqu]or4 ,9 ! same 
ye> 7#aijb7 ,*4 ,delph ,girl1 wond]ful  
color & coat1 good head & expression1 b 
too f9e1 & ,*4  ,dumb>ton ,sceptre1 !   
be/ bit* ( ! "t1 bo? made _! db  &      
ev5tually came to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!   
dam ( ,sceptre1  ,clav]h\se ,en*antress 
7by ,clonmel ,mon>* out ( ,clonmel      
,w9ifr$a71  ne$s special m5tion4 ,%e won
 a numb] ( prizes1 b soon pass$ into  ! 
h&s ( a novice1 ,mrs4 ,cu!ll1 & z a "m &
 gr&-"m  ( *ampions made a place =      
h]self second only to ,ba? ,lady4       
,dumb>ton ,sceptre & ,clav]h\se         
,sorc]]--! =m] a real fly]1  ! o!r a dog

 above ! av]age--7 9 h] fir/ litt]4 ,h] 
second1 by ,*4 ,ma/] ,bri>1 result$ 9 ! 
great ,*4 ,mi/ress ,royal1  probably !  
be/ %[ bit* produc$4 ,en*antress 0 next 
br$ to h]  own son ,solace1 m5tion$     
above1 b di$ ( poison be=e :elp+4    ,*4
 ,clonmel ,b$ ,rock1 :om ,mr4 ,foxhall  
,ke5e lat] import$1 came out  ab\t ?is  
"t4 ,he 0 a good1 s\nd t]ri]1 full (    
fire1 s\nd z a  bell1 ) wond]ful legs & 
feet & won lots ( honors "h & 9  ,engl&4
 ,*4 ,broadl&'s ,royal ,desc5dant 0 a   
rival ( ,b$ ,rock & a  v classy dog )   
exceptional coat1 real t]ri] fire1 a    
good head1  b n v beautiful e>s4        
,aft] ^! dogs came ,*4 ,ma/] ,royal1 :i*
 br+s u d[n to !  dogs ( to-day--if n ! 
pres5t g5]ation & x is out ( place to   
say aught ( dogs :i* "o c see & judge 9 
fle% & blood4    ,! %[ cracks h s v (t5 
prov$ s valuable 9 ! bre$+  k5nels t !  
two t]ms--great sire & %[ crack--may    
seem  synonyms4 ,!y are n4 ,nev]!less   
!re is a close *a9 t b9ds  ! :ole ( a   
bre$ ( dogs to ! %[ r+1 = ! %[ r+  w9n]s

 are ! dogs mo/ (t5 s\ght = bre$+       
purposes & s !  /yles ( ! ma9 b5*       
au?orities are =cibly1 if unwitt+ly1    
?ru/ on ! race4 ,! ,air$ale1 h[ev]1 has 
always be5 kn[n &  appreciat$ z a sport+
 t]ri]4 ,8 own]s h =tunately nev]  lo/  
sight ( ! reason he 0 manufactur$1 & !y 
rememb] t  to-day he is int5d$ to be a  
r\gh-&-ready dog1 will+ & able to  d all
 t]ri] "w j a little bett] ?an ! o!r    
memb]s ( !  family1 & because ( 8 great]
 weight enabl$ to d ?+s 8  small] c\s9s 
c\ld n ev5 attempt4 ,8 great usefulness 
has kept  him f be+ :olly at ! m]cy ( ! 
faddi/s ( ! dog %[s1  :o h giv5 him all 
! great advantages ( _! skill 9         
sci5tific bre$+ & all ! adv]tis+ (      
public exhibition  )\t turn+ him into a 
freak4          ,,*apt] ,,iii    ,,!    
,,c>e ,,( ,a ,,t]ri]      ,"o ( ! mo/   
not$ vet]9>ians 9 ,new ,york once said  
to me t1  if x 7 n = too mu* or too     
little att5tion1 he d\bt$ if he  %\ld   
ev] be call$ ^u to treat a dog4 ,he     
expla9$ 8 mean+ by  add+ t ! toy dogs   

are g5]ally kill$ by k9dness & mo/      
t]ri]s die ( neglect4 ,if ?is is true1 &
 ?is doctor has a can9e  practice t     
keeps him busy f morn+ till night1 !re  
mu/ be  some?+ radically wrong ) ! c>e (
 mo/ dogs4    ,! t]ri]s--= ! evils ( a  
c&y diet & a life sp5t on silk5  pill[s 
d n ne$ to be ev5 m5tion$ "h--! t]ri]s  
c1 x is  p]fectly true1 get along ) less
 att5tion ?an mo/ bre$s ( dogs1  = !y   
all h wond]ful con/itutions4 ,does t1   
h[ev]1 give !  t]ri] own] a free "r &   
lic5se to neglect 8 dogs8    ,x is almo/
 a joke to keep su* a naturally heal?y  
dog z a t]ri]  9 ! p9k ( condition4 ,all
 he ne$s is dry1 clean k5nels1 )  dec5t 
b$d+2 good1 n\ri%+ food at regul> h\rs2 
all ! fre%  wat] he wants to dr9k2 pl5ty
 ( ex]cise1 & a little groom+4  ,giv5 ^!
 few ?+s & a t]ri] w be disgu/+ly well1 
full  ( high spirits1 & happy z a clam  
at high tide4 ,x is really s easy  to   
keep a t]ri] fit1 & x means s mu* to !  
dog & 8 own]1  :e!r he be a dog own] =  
pleasure or pr(it1 t x is no?+  less ?an

 crim9al n to d s4    ,k5nels1 b$d+1    
food & fe$+1 wat]1 ex]cise1 &           
groom+--^! are ! ?+s :i* giv5 prop]     
att5tion mean a  heal?y & happy dog4    
,let u take !m up1 "o at a "t1 = x is z 
(t5 ignorance z ?\ghtlessness t causes !
 tr\ble4    ,! "q z to ! k9d ( a k5nel  
is b\nd to h a v>iety (  diff]5t answ]s 
accord+ to :e!r "o lives 9 ! city or !  
c\ntry1 9 ! ,nor? or ! ,s\?1 & :e!r "o  
is to keep "o dog  or fifty4 ,!re are1  
h[ev]1 c]ta9 fundam5tal consid]ations t 
apply to any home = dogs4    ,9 ! fir/  
place1 all t]ri]s1 especially ^? we>+ ^?
  wond]ful1 d\ble1 wea!r-pro( g>m5ts we 
call wire coats1 are  be/ (f liv+ !     
simple life out ( doors4 ,?is is true 9 
any  climate4 ,i us$ to h all sorts (   
tr\bles ) ! sk9s & coats  ( my wire     
t]ri]s till ,i j turn$ !m out1 provid+  
!m )  dry1 draft-pro(1 b unheat$ %elt]s 
9 :i* to sleep & :]e  !y c\ld escape v  
bad wea!r4    ,my own exp]i5ce has prov$
 to me t wire coat$ t]ri]s are worlds   
bett] (f = be+ out e day & night 9 !    

ye>4 ,ev5 9 !  sev]e/ wea!r !y d n ne$  
artificial heat1 if !y h a  p]fectly    
dry1 draftless1 well b$d$ place to sleep
 9 & to s]ve z  a %elt] on v wet1 /ormy 
days4 ,a dec5t k5nel = any dog f a  ,/4 
,b]n>d to a ,pom]anian is dry &         
draft-pro(1 & s ! t]ri]  own] c elim9ate
 ! "q ( artificial heat+4    ,! man :o  
lives 9 ! city %\ld try to keep 8 dog   
out 9 !  y>d z mu* z possible1 &1 if at 
all feasible1 let him sleep !re4  ,dogs 
h an inborn in/9ct to bay ! moon &      
t]ri]s are  suppos$ to be great talk]s4 
,moreov]1 city backy>ds1 s9ce ! days  :5
 t[n resid5ces 7 holl[ /one piles l9$ ) 
hides to keep  ! w9d out1 h always be5 a
 favorite r5dezv\s = ,?omas  ,catt1     
,esq41 & ,mi/ress ,tabby1 meet+s j z h>d
 on ! n]ves (  a self respect+ t]ri] z  
!y are on ^? ( 8 sleepy ma/]4  ,! tr\ble
 is t1 :ile ma/] becomes a public       
b5efactor by  hurl+ 8 %av+ mug out !    
w9d[1 ! ef=ts ( 8 dog to drive  away !  
di/urb]s are reg>d$ by ! unsympa!tic    
neighbors z  q z bad z ! fel9e s]5ades &

 battle cries4 ,no dog w b>k  at night  
if he is 9 a d>k1 quiet place1 & ! t]ri]
 9 !  backy>d w sleep l a baby if he is 
%ut up 9 a box cov]$ )  burlap4    ,!   
ideal t]ri] k5nel is an oil b>rel4 ,^!  
_c always be  obta9$1 b any b>rel or keg
 int5d$ to hold liquids1 & s made  wat] 
tight1 w answ]4 ,a hole1 j l>ge en\gh to
 let ! dog 9  & out1 %\ld be cut 9 "o   
end4 ,!n ! inside may be pa9t$ )  k]os5e
 & a light$ pap] dropp$ 94 ,?is cleans !
 b>rel &  de/roys any insects1 & is an  
excell5t ?+ to d e mon? or  s4    ,!    
b>rel ought to be pa9t$ inside & out1 & 
to keep x f  rott+ on ! bottom mu/ be   
m\nt$ on blocks s t x j cle>s  ! gr\nd4 
,ra9 c be kept out ( ! door ei!r by     
tack+ a  curta9 ( sack+ ov] x 7a dog    
soon le>ns to g ?r\gh ?is & x  c be hung
 up 9 good wea!r7 or by mak+ a ro( ( ,v 
%ap$  plank+1 :i* sets ov] ! b>rel1     
project+ 9 front l !  eaves ( a b>n4    
,two small t]ri]s or "o ,air$ale c live 
easily 9  ^! keg k5nels 9 summ]1 ) an   
extra dog add$1 = w>m?'s  sake1 9 cold  

wea!r4    ,ano!r k5nel t is f9e = t]ri]s
 is "o ,i adapt$ f !  sugge/ions ( a    
*ick5 own]1 :o us$ a simil> box z a coop
 =  h5s ) "y *icks4 ,x is a box t c be  
tak5 all ap>t4 ,!  floor is a rais$     
plat=m aga9/ :i* ! sides fit closely1   
be+  fa/5$ toge!r ) hooks4 ,! ro( slants
 backw>d & is held 9  place by ?9 /rips 
t fit j inside ! walls4    ,?is is f9e =
 summ]1 b mu/ be v c>efully made to be  
tight  en\gh = cold wea!r4 ,its flat    
floor makes x admirable = a bit*  )     
puppies & x has ! great advantage (     
enabl+ y to leave  (f any side y wi%4   
,naturally1 !y are v easy to clean4 ,!y 
c  be made any size or %ape y wi% & co/ 
f five doll>s up4    ,= ! man :o is go+ 
into a l>ge k5nel little c be said t  w 
be broadly useful4 ,"o wants to build a 
model k5nel ( h>d wood  & concrete1 :ile
 ! next has an old *ick5 h\se to adapt  
to doggy  uses2 naturally requirem5ts & 
conditions are v diff]5t4    ,! fir/ ?+ 
t any k5nel build] wants to see to is t 
he has  good natural dra9age & t 8 runs 

are on quickly dry+ gr\nd1  gravel r ?an
 clay4 ,s\!rn exposures are ! favorites1
 & x  is bett] to h two or ?ree small]  
build+s r ?an to h\se  all ! dogs 9 "o4 
,9 ?is way !re is opportunity to give   
ea*  build+ a re/ once 9 a :ile1 & ?is  
%\ld be done 9 ! case (  ! individual   
runs & p5s1 if n = ! :ole build+4       
,good h>d wood1 v>ni%$ & kept clean &   
well dra9$1 is ! mo/  popul> floor =    
k5nels4 ,concrete is cold 9 w9t]1       
asphalt is f>  f desirable 9 summ]1 &   
bo? are h>d on a dog's feet4 ,dirt1     
gravel1 & a%es are v h>d to clean4 ,cork
 is exp5sive & rots  out ) amaz+ spe$4  
,! sleep+ b5*es ought to be ab\t two    
feet (f ! floor &  s arrang$ t !y c be  
tak5 d[n1 clean$1 & set out 9  ! sun to 
dry4 ,pl5ty ( elb[ grease1 back$ up ) a 
good /rong  dis9fectant & fre% air &    
sunlight1 ^! are ! secrets ( a          
successful k5nel4 ,cleanl9ess means t   
disease & p>asites w be  unkn[n4        
,:eat or rye /raw or wood %av+s make !  
be/ b$d+4 ,! /raw  co/s m ?an hay1 b x  

is t5 times z cleanly1 la/s twice z     
long1 & is mu* bett] = a dog's sk94 ,v  
(t5 %av+s w be  giv5 away = ! c>t+ ( !m1
 & !y make a f9e summ]  b$d+1 ?\gh !y   
are n v w>m = w9t]4 ,%av+s1 especially  
p9e %av+s1 make a v poor home = fleas4  
,excelsior is n  popul>4 ,x has a       
di/ress+ habit ( wadd+ up 9 h>d bun*es 9
  corn]s1 absorbs moi/ure1 & does n dry 
out easily4 ,moss & sea  we$ & su* b$d+s
 are dirty & h>d to h&le4    ,food is an
 important item 9 ! c>e ( ! dog4 ,table 
scraps make1 9  my op9ion1 ! ideal food 
= a dog4 ,9 ?is ! h\se pet has !        
advantage ov] 8 fri5d ( ! k5nels1 = he  
gets a wide v>iety (  well cook$ &      
n\ri%+ food1 & v>iety1 cook+1 & n\ri%m5t
  are ! f\ndation ( good fe$+4    ,dog  
biscuits1 :i* are s *eap & easy to h&le1
 are excell5t 9  _! way1 b "o %\ld resi/
 ! temptation to fe$ !m all !  "t4 ,y   
w\ld n l to live on beef/eak ?ree times 
a day1 week  9 & week out4 ,dry bread c 
be b\ght by ! b>rel f mo/ bak]s  & is at
 once inexp5sive & n\ri%+4 ,%r$d$ :eat &

 crack]  scraps c also be gott5 & are   
useful = a *ange4 ,all ( ^!  %\ld be f$ 
soak$ 9 "s s\p4    ,9 ! w9t] ,i h f\nd  
corn meal v acceptable1 b ! mom5t  hot  
wea!r comes along its use %\ld be       
discont9u$1 or sk9  tr\bles w surely    
result4 ,x c ei!r be made 9 a mu% ) milk
  or wat]1 or bak$ into corn bread      
cakes4    ,i use a homemade dog biscuit 
f corn meal & meat 9 ! foll[+  way4 ,!  
meat /ock is boil$ ov] night 9 a kettle 
& ! un/ra9$  s\p is us$ in/ead ( wat] ) 
! meal 9 mak+ d\gh1 :i* is  put 9 pans (
 two or ?ree in*es 9 ?ickness & bak$ 9 a
 sl[  ov5 till h>d all ! way ?r\gh4 ,?is
 w take a day4 ,^! cakes  are ri* & %\ld
 n be f$ too (t51 b !y c be kept a mon?1
  & ,i nev] saw a t]ri] t did n reli%   
!m4 ,9 summ]1 fi%  boil$ tw5ty-f\r h\rs1
 till ! bones are all s(t1 makes a nice 
*ange f ! meat s\ps ( ! w9t]4    ,!re   
are _m :o might be call$ can9e          
veget>ians1 b exp]im5t+  has conv9c$ me 
t meat is ! be/ & mo/ natural food = !  
dog4 ,sirlo9 does co/ a lot ( money ^!  

days1 b he>ts1 lungs1  heads1 odds &    
ends ( ribs1 & %ank bones d n co/ s mu*1
 &  y c always make arrangem5ts ) a     
but*] to save y ^!4  ,"u no circum/ances
 fe$ meat t is decay$4 ,x does n h to   
be z fre% z y dem& = y\r own table1 if y
 take c>e to cook  x ?or\ghly1 b meat t 
is m\ldy or rott+ is poison1 n food4    
,mo/ k5nels fe$ twice a day1--a light   
lun* 9 ! morn+ & !  regul> day's fe$ 9 !
 ev5+4 ,! morn+ bite c be bread or      
biscuits ) a little s\p ov] !m4 ,! ev5+ 
meal ought to be all  t ! dog w         
com=tably eat )\t /uff+4 ,if any food is
 left  9 ! di%es x %\ld be clean$ away  
be=e night1 & a dog :o is  (f 8 fe$ %\ld
 h att5tion4    ,dogs v>y z mu* z p 9 ! 
am\nt !y w eat4 ,"o gobbl]  is always   
?91 :ile a da9ty eat] w put on m fle%   
?an  necess>y4 ,x is ! height (         
fooli%ness to pamp] a dog's ta/e &  make
 him an epicure1 b nei!r is x wise to   
treat !m all j  alike4    ,ex]cise      
naturally foll[s fe$+ 9 our consid]ation
 ( ! heal?  ( ! dog4 ,ex]cise1 & pl5ty (

 x1 is ! be/ tonic1 x keeps !  muscles  
h>d & ! /oma* 9 %ape2 x prev5ts fatness1
 & is j  play = a dog4    ,!re is1      
h[ev]1 ex]cise & ex]cise4 ,to walk a dog
 along on a lead  is ex]cise1 b ?ree    
m9utes' free runn+ is wor? half an h\r (
  tak+ ! dog out = a walk aft] ! mann] (
 ! "y lady :o  lives 9 ! city4 ,ea*     
k5nel %\ld h an ex]cis+ y>d1 a lot z    
big z possible1 :]e ! dogs c be turn$   
out = a romp4 ,"o wants  to be a little 
c>eful ab\t leav+ a lot ( dogs turn$ out
 toge!r1  = _! likes & dislikes are z   
/rong z our own4    ,i rememb] ) sorr[  
an exp]i5ce ( ?is k9d4 ,a rec5tly       
pur*as$  dog 0 add$ to a run full ( home
 br$ y\ng/]s1 & because he 0  old] &    
bigg] he play$ ! bully till "o bright   
morn+ ?ree (  8 victims comb9$ =ces &   
gave him a lesson 9 mann]s4 ,x 0 a      
lesson = 8 own] too1 = ! dog's e> 0 s   
*ew$ t he 0  ru9$ = %[+4    ,! la/ item 
9 ! c>e ( ! dog is groom+1 b x is at    
lea/ z  important z any ( ! o!rs we h   
tak5 up4 ,mo/ dogs are wa%$  too (t5 & n

 bru%$ (t5 en\gh4 ,wa%+ once 9 two weeks
 9  summ] & once a mon? 9 w9t] is all t 
is ne$$ to keep a  t]ri] clean1 b he    
%\ld be bru%$ daily4    ,9 wa%+ a dog   
/>t at ! head ) a good dis9fectant soap 
&  "w backw>ds & d[nw>ds1 = fleas make =
 ! head :5  ?reat5$ ) dr[n+ & only 9 ?is
 way c ^! pe/s be gott5  rid (4 ,x is   
well to let ! soap /ay 9 ! coat a few   
m9utes1 b  x mu/ be all wa%$ out v      
c>efully be=e dry+ ! dog4    ,! daily   
groom+ %\ld consi/ fir/ ( a comb+ ) a   
fairly f9e  comb to clean out matt$ dirt
 & hair4 ,?is %\ld be foll[$ by a  %>p  
bru%+ ) :at is call$ 9 /able a d&y bru%4
 ,!  f9i%+ t\*es w be a rub d[n ) a h\nd
 glove1 su* z is  sold 9 ! k5nel supply 
/ores4 ,su* treatm5t w keep a t]ri] 9   
almo/ p]fect %[ =m all ! "t & !         
/imulation ( ! sk9  w be f\nd to act z a
 regul> tonic4    ,h\s$ 9 clean1        
draftless k5nels2 giv5 good food ) lots 
(  ex]cise1 & ) "s little att5tion be/[$
 on 8 toilet1 a  t]ri] is sure to be    
heal?y & happy4 ,prev5tion is           

prov]bially  bett] ?an cure1 & ! little 
"w ( keep+ a t]ri] well is  no?+ comp>$ 
to ! c>e ( a sick dog4 ,dogs d n make v 
pleasant pati5ts1 & !re is ! add$       
difficulty 9 f9d+ out  j :at really ails
 !m1 = ev5 ! mo/ intellig5t ( our       
animals _c tell u :]e 8 a*es are & h[ a 
dose ( c]ta9  m$ic9e affects him4       
,,*apt] ,,iv    ,,bre$+ ,,t]ri]s      ,!
 pr9ciples ^u :i* ,d>w9 bas$ 8 !ory (   
evolution--:i*  are n[ accept$ by       
sci5ti/s ! _w ov] z biological laws--are
  ! v same z ^? "u :i* ! dog bre$]      
works4 ,mod]n animal  bre$+ is evolution
 9 :i* man plays ,dame ,nature's "p4    
,bre$+ is1 h[ev]1 f> f be+ an exact     
sci5ce1 ?\gh x is  cont9ually becom+ m &
 m sci5tific 9 its me?ods4 ,we _c  sit  
d[n1 a p5cil 9 our f+]s & pap] be=e u1 &
 ) ! aid  ( ! /ud book & a set (        
ma!matical =mulas figure out a dog  t w 
surely be a *ampion4 ,we c1 h[ev]1 ) a k
 (  ! sci5tific data t biologi/s h      
collect$ 9 _! rese>*  "w supplem5t+ !   
lore & traditions ( ! k5nels1 come ne>] 

& ne>] to ! bre$]'s ideal ( a *ampion 9 
e litt]4    ,x is q obvi\s t ) su*      
pla/ic mat]ials to "w ) we  c nev] hope 
to h a p]fectly uni=m product1 b :o w\ld
 h  x s8 ,dog bre$+ is n[ m unc]ta9 ?an 
r\lette1 twice z  fasc9at+ z ! /ock     
m>ket1 z int]e/+ly excit+ z auction     
bridge4 ,make x a matt] ( ma!matically  
exact rules work+ out z  inv>iably &    
regul>ly z a ma*9e1 & ! *>m has vani%$4 
,! ?ree pr9ciples ( ,d>w9's idea ( h[ & 
:y evolution acts1  are h]$ity1         
v>iation1 & selection4 ,! law ( h]$ity  
says t  l w produce l2 t two ,air$ales w
 h ,air$ale puppies2  two ,scotties w h 
,scotties2 two ,iri% t]ri]s w h ,iri%   
t]ri]s4 ,! law ( v>iation says t no two 
dogs1 ev5 if !y be  ( ! same litt]1 w   
ev] be exactly alike ev5 9 ! smalle/    
details4 ,no two ,/4 ,b]n>ds 7 ev]      
alike1 nor 7 ! smalle/  tee? ( ! two    
smalle/ ,pom]anians ev] id5tical4 ,!re  
is ample  evid5ce to %[ t ! *emical     
composition ( ! muscles1 bones1  & blood
 ( diff]5t animals ( ! same species are 

diff]5t1 &  ev5 v>y consid]ably 9 "o    
individual at diff]5t times4 ,! law (   
selection is ! law ( ! /ruggle =        
exi/5ce1 ! survival ( !  fitte/4 ,! ?ree
 laws toge!r make up ! !ory ( evolution 
by  means ( natural selection4    ,:at  
man does 9 bre$+ is ! mak+ & improv+ (  
species by  artificial selection4 ,he   
takes advantage ( ! law ( h]$ity to     
e/abli% bre$s4 ,if l always exactly     
reproduc$ l1 h[ev]1  t is z f> z he c\ld
 ev] get1 b because !re is inf9ite      
v>iation1 ! (fspr+ diff] f _! p>5ts4 ,by
 select+ ^?  t come ne>e/ 8 ideal1 !    
bre$] does j ! same z ,dame  ,nature :5 
%e kills (f ! unfit4    ,s9ce e>lie/    
times1 man1 m or less )\t ?\ght or any  
k ( ! :ys & :]e=es1 has be5 c>ry+ on    
sci5tific  bre$+ 9 an unsci5tific way4  
,ev] s9ce he has kept dome/ic  animals1 
8 selection1 =m]ly m or less unconsci\s1
 has be5  ex]t+ its p[]ful =ce4 ,=      
g5]ations1 ! dog fanci]s h  be5 do+ ?is3
 pick+ out ! dogs & bit*es mo/ to _!    
lik+  & mat+ !m4 ,! result is t :ile all

 bre$s ( dogs are  closely en\gh relat$ 
to int]-bre$1 /ill "s are ( comp>ative  
age & mo/ bre$ wond]fully true to type4 
,until q rec5tly1 ! dog bre$]s h be5    
foll[+ ! old1  unsci5tific me?od1 ) "s  
additional ef=t to correct faulty  po9ts
 9 _! dogs4 ,t is1 !y h pick$ out       
individuals =  bre$+ /ock t came z ne> z
 possible to _! ideals1 & if  !         
prospective "m 0 bad 9 head !y select$ a
 /ud dog /rong  9 ?is po9t2 :ile a v    
good coat$ matron might be mat$ to a    
poor  coat$ dog provid$ he possess$ m>k$
 excell5cies 9 o!r  directions4         
,un=tunately1 b v scant att5tion 0 paid 
to ! dams4 ,?is 0  l>gely f economical  
consid]ations1 :i* l$ !m to believ+1 or 
?9k+ !y did m]ely because !y want$ to1 t
 any old bit*  ) a p$igree 0 good en\gh 
to bre$ f4 ,to bol/] up _!  economy1 !y 
said t ! pups inh]it$ _! looks f _! sire
  & _! dispositions f _! dam4    ,two   
*anges h tak5 place 9 ! pa/ decade4     
,bre$]s n[ "k t  physically z well z    
m5tally ! dam is q z important z !      

sire4 ,moreov]1 !y h le>n$ t individual 
*>act]i/ics1  h[ev] m>k$ !y may appe> to
 be1 d n h ! =ce ( family  traits4 ,9   
o!r words1 a %ort1 ?ick head$ bit* br$  
to ! longe/  head$ dog alive w\ld h %ort
 head$ pups1 if t dog _h %ort  head$    
p>5ts & gr&p>5ts4 ,^! two fundam5tal    
bits (  k1 le>n$ orig9ally f !          
biologi/s1 h _h a big  effect on bre$+  
op]ations4    ,a logical outgr[? ( !    
importance t has be5 plac$ on family1  )
 ! naturally less5$ emphasis on !       
individual1 has be5 an  increas$ numb] (
 ! devotees ( l9e r ?an 9-bre$+4        
,9-bre$+ is beyond all d\bt ! /ronge/   
weapon ! dog bre$]  has1 b x is a       
boom]ang t is v apt to come back & knock
 its  ?r[] 9 ! head4 ,9-bre$+ is ! bre$+
 toge!r ( ! blood  ( "o dog--"m to son1 
or bro!r to si/]4 ,l9e-bre$+ is !  bre$+
 toge!r ( dogs ( ! same g5]al /ra91     
comp>able to  second or ?ird c\s9s among
 p4    ,^! bre$+ exp]im5ts fix ! good & 
bad po9ts ( a dog or a  /ra9 v /rongly4 
,c>ri$ to an extreme1 !y result 9 bad   

con/itutions1 lack ( gam5ess1 & 9       
extreme cases1 9 actual  de=mity4 ,su*  
bre$+ dem&s t only ! /ronge/ & y\nge/   
dogs be mat$4    ,9 select+ a sire1 "o  
%\ld pick out a dog ( recogniz$ bre$+1  
^: ance/ors 7 dogs ( ! type y desire4 ,a
 w9n] & a son (  w9n]s has bett] *ances 
( be+ a sire ( w9n]s ?an an unkn[n  dog 
( d\btful family1 b x is n always wise  
to ru% to ! late/  *ampion4 ,a popul>   
b5* h]o is apt to be ov]-work$ at /ud4  
,if  y\r bit* is v "y s5d h] to an old] 
dog & vice v]sa4 ,be/  results are n    
obta9$ if ! dogs are ov] eight ye>s     
old--t is  a v good age limit at :i* to 
retire !m f active s]vice4 ,a  bit* may 
be br$ at h] fir/ heat1 if %e is n too  
"y & is  /rong & heal?y4    ,mo/ p "k t 
a bit* comes 9 season1 or is 9 heat1    
fairly  regul>ly at six mon?s int]vals1 
& t ?is is ! only "t :5  %e w h any     
sexual connections ) a dog4 ,! t]ri]s   
g5]ally  come into _! fir/ heat :5 eight
 or n9e mon?s old & are  rem>kable = !  
regul>ity ( _! p]iods4 ,! fir/ sign is a

  swell+ ( ! ext]nal p>ts & ble$+4 ,aft]
 a week or t5 days  ! ble$+ is foll[$ by
 a ?icki%1 :ite dis*>ge4 ,?is is !  "t  
to bre$ h]4    ,"o s]vice is all t is   
necess>y--! old tim]s to ! contr>y      
not)/&+4 ,two s]vices 7 =m]ly giv51 b   
?is is no  long] done by ! be/ bre$]s4  
,! "t ( ge/ation is only  sixty-?ree    
days1 & ! second s]vice1 two days aft] !
 fir/1 has  be5 suspect$ ( de/roy+ !    
effect ( ! =m]4 ,/ati/ics %[  t !re are 
few] misses & j z _m puppies :5 !re is b
  "o s]vice1 z :5 !re are two4    ,!    
s+le s]vice is obvi\sly a great sav+ ( !
 en]gies ( !  /ud dog1 :o1 if he be     
popul>1 has to make heavy dem&s on 8    
vitality4 ,"o :o places a dog at public 
/ud assumes c]ta9  responsibilities1--! 
keep+ ( 8 dog 9 p]fect heal? &  att5d+  
mo/ c>efully to visit+ matrons4 ,! /ud  
dog %\ld h  lots ( ex]cise1 all ! wat]  
he wants1 & an abundance ( good  food4  
,raw lean meat1 *opp$ f9e or run ?r\gh a
 me*anical gr9d]1  makes a f9e          
supplem5t>y diet1 & raw eggs & a little 

%]ry c  be add$ to ?is if he becomes at 
all run d[n4    ,visit+ bit*es mu/ be   
gu>d$ aga9/ all possible *ance ( a      
misalliance4 ,if practical1 !y %\ld be  
kept f> (f f ! o!r  k5nel inmates1 =    
quiet is some?+ to be greatly desir$ =  
!m4  ,:5 !y arrive1 !y %\ld be giv5 a   
run & dr9k1 b d n  fe$ !m till !y h     
quiet$ d[n a little f ! excitem5t (  !  
trip4 ,! ,gold5 ,rule cov]s ! c>e ( ^!  
visitors l a  blanket--j treat !m z y   
w\ld h a bit* ( y\r own treat$  "u !    
same circum/ances4    ,:5 a bit* has    
return$ to h] home k5nels1 %e %\ld take 
! re/  cure a day or s4 ,aft] t = a mon?
 or six weeks %e ne$ be  treat$ no      
diff]5tly f any ( h] k5nel mates1 save  
to see t  %e has pl5ty to eat & t h]    
/oma* & b[els are 9 p]fect  ord]4    ,:5
 %e beg9s to %[ signs ( heavy :elp take 
h] away f !  o!rs1 & :ile h] ex]cise    
wants to be kept up by long walks %e    
%\ld n be all[$ to run or romp1 or %e   
may misc>ry4 ,h] box  %\ld be fix$ a few
 days be=e ! pups are to be born4 ,let x

 be  l>ge en\gh = h] to /ret* out 91 b n
 big en\gh to give h]  room 9 :i* to    
move ab\t1 or %e may kill or injure !   
pups by  tread+ on !m4    ,once 9 a :ile
 "o has a bit* :o neglects h] pups      
disgracefully1  b ! usual ?+1 9 t]ri]s  
at lea/1 is ov] att5tion to !  sacrifice
 ( h] own condition4 ,a few bit*es eat  
_! newborn pups4  ,fe> is ! motive1 b   
once done !y seem to get ! habit4 ,fe$+ 
quantities ( raw meat j be=e !y are to  
:elp is ! be/1 b  n a sure cure4 ,bad   
mo!rs1 ones :o walk on _! babies1       
neglect  !m1 or turn cannibal1 are v r>e
 among ! t]ri]s4    ,to return to ! box3
 x %\ld1 z ,i h said1 be j l>ge en\gh   
to be com=table4 ,! be/ b$d+ = ! :elp+  
"t is a bit (  old c>pet1 to be         
sub/itut$ = /raw :5 ! family has safely 
arriv$4 ,a little %elf1 ab\t ?ree in*es 
f ! bottom & two  in*es wide1 tack$ r\nd
 ! box w prove to be good puppy life    
insurance1 = x keeps !m f be+ press$ to 
dea? aga9/ !  sides ( ! ne/4    ,t]ri]s 
:elp bett] if left to !mselves4 ,x is ! 

r>e/ ?+  = !m to h any tr\ble1 & if "o w
 j keep a wea!r eye  op5 to see t ?+s   
are really go+ well1 !y w cont9ue to  g 
well )\t int]f]5ce4 ,! pups %\ld be born
 inside two h\r  int]vals1 & if ?is     
limit be pass$ ! "m ne$s att5tion4 ,!   
drugs us$1 h[ev]1 are s /rong & s       
poison\s & an op]ation is  s delicate t 
x is inv>iably bett] to call 9 !        
vet]9>ian's  skill$ aid4    ,aft] !     
puppies are all born ! "m %\ld be giv5 a
 b[l (  ?9 oatmeal gruel & left to      
h]self4 ,%e w ord9>ily clean up  ! ne/  
h]self1 eat+ ! aft]-bir?s & lick+ !     
puppies  clean4 ,i h f\nd t aft] %e has 
clean$ a pup1 :i* %e does z  soon z x is
 born1 x is advisable to take x f h]1   
wrap x 9  flannel to keep x w>m & dry1 &
 to wa% (f ! navel cord )  "s mild      
dis9fectant su* z li/]9e1 or a v dilute 
solution (  bi*loride ( m]cury or       
c>bolic acid4 ,cold is fatal to v "y    
puppies1 & ! navel cord is ! s\rce ( a  
g]m infection t  kills _m 9 ! ne/4    ,!
 dam1 :ile nurs+ h] family1 mu/ h an    

abundance (  food--pl5ty ( s\ps1 gruels1
 meats1 & milk1 b n _m  vegetables1 = !y
 are full ( wat] & wa/e4 ,%e ne$s m     
conc5trat$ n\ri%m5t4 ,:5 y ?9k t y c    
fairly see  puppies gr[1 y c appreciate 
h[ great a dra9 !re is on !  "m4        
,because ( ?is1 x is nev] advisable to  
let a t]ri] attempt  to raise m ?an five
 at ! outside1 & f\r is really bett] ?an
  five4 ,if a fo/] _c be obta9$--v (t5 !
 local p\nd w  h a heal?y mongrel :i* !y
 w let y h = ! lic5se  fee--x is k9dness
 & economy to kill (f ! puppies 9 excess
 (  f\r or five4    ,:at ones to de/roy 
is a delicate "q4 ,x is usually safe to 
disc>d ! la/ "o born1 :o is s (t5 ! runt
 ( ! family t  he is kn[n to k5nel m5 & 
vet]9>ians z ! wreckl+4 ,x  takes a v   
exp]i5c$ eye to tell mu* ab\t ! po9ts ( 
a new  born puppy1 b two sali5t features
 to be rememb]$ are t n once  9 a hundr$
 times w a light eye get d>k] & any     
t5d5cy to big  e>s is comp>atively easy 
to spot & inv>iably gets worse4 ,a good 
safe rule 9 t]ri] puppies is to save !  

ones ) ! longe/1  flatte/ heads1 !      
heavie/1 /raighte/ =e legs1 d>k eyes1   
small  e>s1 %ort bodies1 tak+ ^! po9ts 9
 ! ord] nam$1 b  disc>d+ any pup :o is  
gl>+ly (f 9 any ( ^! details4    ,! "m w
 wean ! pups h]self :5 !y beg9 to gr[ _!
  tee?1 & x is be/ to leave ?is to      
nature4 ,:5 _! eyes are  op5$ !y %\ld be
 taught to dr9k = !mselves by /ick+ _!  
noses 9 a sauc] ( sweet5$ milk4 ,ab\t ! 
"t !y are fully  wean$ !y %\ld be treat$
 = worms4 ,aft] ?is fir/ worm+1 !y  %\ld
 h simil> treatm5t e six weeks till !y  
are six mon?s  old1 & twice m aft] t    
be=e !y are out ( ! puppy class4  ,all  
dogs %\ld be treat$ = worms twice a ye> 
z long z !y live4    ,x is ! /yle1 or   
cu/om1 or :at y w1 to cut ! tails (     
,air$ales1 ,iri%1 ,wel%1 & fox t]ri]    
puppies4 ,?is ought to be done  :5 !y   
are ?ree or f\r days old4 ,?ree v]tebrae
 are left1 t  is1 ! tail is cut at !    
?ird knuckle1 n c\nt+ ! fir/ "o  at !   
root ( ! tail4 ,rumor says t ! op]ation 
is done ) !  k5nelman's or groom's tee?1

 b 9 reality a dull pair ( scissors is  
! usual & be/ in/rum5t4 ,! sk9 %\ld be  
pull$ back t[>d  ! body1 s t !re w be a 
little extra to cov] ! end1 &  n leave x
 b>e ( hair4    ,gr[+ pups ne$ ?ree     
?+s--food1 room1 & sunlight4 ,:5 fir/   
wean$1 !y %\ld be f$ milk1 gruels1 &    
s\ps five times a day &  ! numb] ( meals
 gradually less5$ & ! am\nt ( solid food
  gradually increas$ till at a ye> old  
!y are f$ ! same z _!  old] k5nel       
companions4 ,! m room puppies h1 ! bett]
 !y  are4 ,?is is probably ! reason t   
puppies f>m$ out always d s  mu* bett]  
?an ^? k5nel rais$4 ,!y may get all     
sorts ( food  & !y c]ta9ly d n get !    
att5tion giv5 ! ones 9 !  k5nels1 b a   
f>m rais$ y\ng/] is always heal?i]1     
bigg]1 &  /rong]4    ,sunlight acts on  
puppies z x does on gr[+ plants4 ,w9t]  
pups are  prov]bially m tr\blesome ?an  
^? born 9 ! spr+4 ,mo/  fanci]s1 !re=e1 
see to x t _! brood bit*es :elp only 9  
! spr+4 ,"o litt] a ye> is en\gh to ask 
( any t]ri]4    ,9 conclusion1 a ^w to !

 small k5nel own]4 ,he is apt to ?9k    
?+s are unfairly di/ribut$ & t he has n 
! *ance ei!r  9 ! %[ r+1 ! field1 or !  
bre$+ k5nel t ! l>ge  own] has4 ,9 !    
latt] two1 & especially 9 ! bre$+ k5nel1
 he  really has an advantage4 ,x is well
 kn[n t ! greate/ numb] (  good dogs are
 br$ by own]s ( f "o to five bit*es1 =  
!y  /udy _! ne$s m c>efully & c give !  
puppies bett]  att5tion4 ,let ! small   
bre$] b /udy 8 bre$2 "k its pa/  great  
dogs2 und]/& ! mean+ ( p$igrees2 mate 8 
bit*es  accord+ to 8 k2 re> 8 puppies   
c>efully1 & he w  f9d t he w turn out   
bett] home br$s ?an ev] come f !  big   
k5nels4          ,,*apt] ,v    ,,dog    
,,%[s ,,& ,,%[+      ,! ,briti%]'s      
inborn love ( sport1 dogs1 & bre$+      
inv5t$ !  dog %[1 b n s v long ago1 =   
ev5 9 ,engl& b5* %[s1 z  a recogniz$    
in/itution1 are only a little ov] half a
 c5tury old4  ,_! fame & popul>ity h1   
h[ev]1 circl$ ! globe4    ,! ,engli%    
fanci] c truly boa/ t !re are m         
?or\ghbr$  dogs to ! mile 9 ,great      

,brita9 ?an to fifty miles 9 any o!r    
c\ntry1 & "o is n surpris$ to f9d t !re 
are m b5*  %[s held !re 9 a week ?an 9 a
 mon? 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,we1 on  ?is   
side ( ! ocean1 are _! ne>e/ rival1 =   
:ile ,european  c\ntries h tak5 up ! dog
 & 8 %[+1 /ill !y are z mu*  beh9d u z  
we are beh9d ! tight little isle4       
,cont95tal fanci]s h a great deal to    
le>n ab\t dogs1 & f  _! v dispositions x
 is d\btful if1 ) ! possible exception  
( ! s]i\s1 h>d-work+1 pa9/ak+ ,g]mans1  
!y w ev]  become truly doggy4 ,9 ! fir/ 
place1 !y c\nt _! p5nies v  c>efully :5 
buy+ a dog2 & 9 ! second place1 !y are n
  really fanci]s at he>t1 b h m]ely tak5
 up dogs z a  fa%ionable :im4    ,! fir/
 ,am]ican %[s 7 run 9 a haphaz>d1       
fri5dly1  g-z-y-please way1 b x v soon  
became evid5t t "s  gov]n+ body 0 z mu* 
a necessity 9 dogdom z on ! race track1 
9 college a?letics1 or among ya*tsm54   
,accord+ly1 ! ,am]ican  ,k5nel ,club    
grew up naturally to fill ?is place4 ,9 
=m ! ,a4,k4,c41  z x is call$1 is a     

congress4 ,its memb]s are n individuals1
 b  clubs1 :i* are repres5t$ by regul>ly
 elect$ delegates at !  meet+s ( ! p>5t 
organization4 ,^! clubs are ( two types1
 !  local clubs1 compos$ ( ! fanci]s ( a
 c]ta9 city or di/rict1  & ! specialty  
clubs1 ^: memb]s are ! fanci]s ! c\ntry 
ov] devot$ to "o p>ticul> bre$4    ,!   
local clubs1 l ! ,we/m9/] ,k5nel ,club (
 ,new ,york ,city or  ! ,philadelphia   
,dog ,%[ ,association1 are organiz$     
prim>ily = !  giv+ ( b5* %[s4 ,!        
specialty clubs1 ( :i* ! ,scotti%       
,t]ri] ,club ( ,am]ica & ! ,air$ale     
,t]ri] ,club ( ,new ,engl&  are         
examples1 are devot$ prim>ily to fo/]+ !
 int]e/s ( _!  bre$1 :i* !y d by (f]+   
special prizes1 see+ t compet5t  judges 
(ficiate1 & ev5 by hold+ %[s :]e only   
dogs ( _!  bre$ are exhibit$4    ,all   
%[s1 :e!r giv5 by local or specialty    
associations1 are held  "u ,a4,k4,c4    
rules1 & ! regulation ( ^! %[s is ! ma9 
"w  done at ! club's (fices at #a       
,lib]ty ,/reet1 ,new ,york4 ,!          

,a4,k4,c41  h[ev]1 does m ?an ?is4 ,x   
publi%es ! dog ,/ud ,book1 a volume     
annually1 & also a semi-mon?ly1 (ficial 
j\rnal1 ! ,a4,k4,c4  ,gazette4 ,moreov]1
 ! club is judicial z well z legislative
 &  executive 9 its functions1 & tries !
 (f5d]s ( ! k5nel  _w4 ,la/1 b n lea/1 x
 has jurisdiction ov] field trials1 bo? 
= bird dogs & h\nds4    ,! ,a4,k4,c4    
recognizes sev5ty-sev5 di/9ct bre$s z   
?or\ghbr$  dogs--n c\nt+ sev]al         
subdivision ( bre$s into v>ieties bas$  
on coats or colors4 ,any dog ( any ( ^! 
recogniz$ bre$s may be  ent]$ 9 ! ,/ud  
,book1 provid$ x has ?ree g5]ations (   
kn[n1  pure-blood p$igree4 ,!           
regi/ration fee is "o doll> & includes  
! assign+ ( an (ficial numb] to ! dog1  
entry 9 ! ,/ud ,book  = t ye>1 a        
c]tificate ( 8 regi/ration1 & ! "r1     
?r\gh\t ! life ( ! dog1 to %[ him1      
reg>dless ( own]%ip1  at any ,a4,k4,c4  
%[4 ,unregi/]$ dogs h to be li/$ = ea*  
%[ !y att5d1 & a fee ( tw5ty-five c5ts  
is always *>g$4    ,! usual classes at a

 b5* %[ are ! puppy1 novice1 limit1 op51
  & w9n]s'1 & 9 ! m popul> bre$s ^! are 
divid$ by sex4  ,! puppy class is = any 
dog betwe5 ! ages ( six mon?s & "o  ye>1
 b1 ( c\rse1 none c be ent]$ ^: date (  
bir?1 sire1  dam1 place ( bir?1 & bre$] 
are unkn[n4 ,! novice class is =  dogs  
br$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o h nev] won a   
fir/ prize1 w9s  9 ! puppy class be+    
except$4 ,! limit class is = dogs :o h  
n won six fir/ prizes 9 t class1 b dogs 
:o h won _!  *ampion%ip are b>r$4 ,any  
dog1 :o is ov] six mon?s ( age1 may be  
%[n 9 ! op5 class4    ,if ?ree ( ! above
 classes are giv5 at a %[1 a w9n]s'     
class is  add$4 ,!re is no entry fee =  
?is class1 b 9 x ! w9n]s (  ! o!r       
classes meet & are judg$4 ,at diff]5t   
%[s v>i\s o!r  classes are sometimes    
giv51 z a junior class = dogs betwe5 six
 &  eighte5 mon?s1 a class = *ampions1 &
 _m divisions are made  accord+ to      
weight & color 9 diff]5t bre$s4    ,x is
 by w9s 9 ! w9n]s' class t a dog secures
 ! "r to  prefix to 8 "n ! honorable &  

mu*-covet$ title ( ,*ampion4  ,to w9    
?is1 ! dog mu/ get fifte5 po9ts4 ,e w9 9
 ! w9n]s'  class c\nts a c]ta9 numb] (  
po9ts accord+ to ! numb] ( dogs         
actually on ! b5* at ! %[3 #ajjj dogs or
 ov]1 five po9ts2 #gej  dogs or ov]1 f\r
 po9ts2 #ejj dogs or ov]1 ?ree po9ts2   
#bej dogs or  ov]1 two po9ts2 "u #bej   
dogs1 "o po9t4 ,specialty %[s devot$ to 
"o bre$ c\nt five po9ts4 ,fifte5 ( ^!   
po9ts1 provid$ ?ree (  !m h be5 won at  
"o %[ & at lea/ ?ree diff]5t judges h   
aw>d$ ! dog fir/ 9 ! w9n]s' class1 make 
a dog a *ampion4 ,!  ,a4,k4,c4 gives a  
*ampion%ip c]tificate to ! own]1 :o c   
also  buy a *ampion%ip m$al = ?ree      
doll>s1 if 8 dog is regi/]$4    ,novices
 are caution$ to read mo/ c>efully !    
rules publi%$ 9  ! premium li/s ( all   
,a4,k4,c4 dog %[s be=e !y fill out _!   
entry blanks & to ex]cise great c>e 9   
do+ ?is1 = mi/akes are  on _! own heads4
 ,_! dog may be disqualifi$ & 8 w9s     
cancel$  %\ld !y fail to fill 9 !       
necess>y p>ticul>s correctly4 ,9  case (

 any attempt at fraud1 !y w be !mselves 
disqualifi$1  :i* is a doggy            
ex-communication4 ,disqualifi$ p]sons   
are n only  b>r$ f judg+1 %[+1 or       
regi/]+1 b dogs own$ or br$ by  !m dur+ 
_! t]m ( disqualification _c be %[n or  
regi/]$4    ,no dog t is lame 7except   
tempor>ily71 bl9d1 ca/rat$1 spay$1      
deaf1 dy$1 or 9 any way fak$ c be %[n1 &
 all entries are  exam9$ by a regi/]$   
vet]9>ian :5 !y fir/ come to ! %[4  ,!y 
mu/ be pass$ by him1 z s\nd & free f    
contagi\s disease1  be=e !y w be        
accept$4 ,e dog mu/ be ! bona fide      
prop]ty ( ! exhibitor4 ,^!1 & ! o!r     
rules1 are simple1  f\nd$ on common     
ju/ice & reason1 & easy to und]/&4 ,!y  
are  all su* t int5t to deceive c be !  
only reason = _!  neglect or misund]/&+4
    ,to %[ a dog at 8 be/1 9 ! v p9k (  
p]fect condition1 is  ! only way to     
insure t he w be plac$ by ! judge :]e he
  des]ves4 ,_m a dog1 really bett] ?an 8
 rival 9 ! r+1 has  gone d[n because (  
condition1 & defeat is n only           

unpleasant1  b also a great h&icap to a 
%[ dog4 ,p]fect heal?1 no fat1          
well-develop$ muscles--^! are !         
f\ndation ( a t]ri]'s  fitness4    ,a   
little *ange 9 diet or ex]cise is ! be/ 
& ! easie/ way to  accompli% ?is        
physical p]fection4 ,tonics & pills &   
p[d]s1  condition]s1 z !y are call$1 are
 n all !y are crack$ up to  be4 ,x is l 
dop+ a race-horse or a pugili/4 ,x works
 = a "t1  b ! end is inevitable & always
 ! same4    ,a t]ri] is easy to get fit1
 & ! only ?+ t may cause !  exhibitor   
loss ( sleep is ! condition ( ! wire    
coat4 ,wire coats  are--!re is no use   
fi%+ ab\t = any excuse--wire coats are a
  bo!r4 ,a great1 big ?ree-qu>t]s ( !   
tr\ble is ov]come1  h[ev]1 if ! dog has 
be5 c>efully & regul>ly groom$4 ,su* a  
dog does n ne$ mu* trimm+1--ma9ly a     
little clean+ up ab\t !  head & legs4   
,on ! o!r h&1 "o :o has be5 neglect$    
ne$s !  s]vices ( a skill$ can9e        
tonsorial arti/ to put him d[n be=e  !  
judge ) a coat t meets ! requirem5ts ( !

 r+4    ,! ,a4,k4,c4 lets "o pluck &    
pull ) 8 f+]s1 & bru% &  comb away z mu*
 z he wi%es1 b ! use ( knives1 razors1  
scissors1 or clipp]s is /rictly taboo$4 
,x is too bad t !  trimm+ ( wire t]ri]s 
is c>ri$ s f> z is ! /yle to-day1  =1   
ev5 if legaliz$ by ! ,a4,k4,c1 x s alt]s
 a dog & s  improves a bad coat t x     
savors pretty /rongly ( fak+4 ,!re  is1 
h[ev]1 little *ance ( !re be+ any       
imm$iate re=m1 &  to %[ successfully "o 
mu/ obey ! dictates ( ,mi/ress ,fa%ion4 
,a dog 9 p]fect condition1 ) 8 coat     
trimm$ 9 ! approv$  /yle1 may yet fail  
to get 8 des]ts 9 ! %[ r+1 if n  prop]ly
 h&l$4 ,! pr(essional h&l]s are pa/     
ma/]s at ! art  ( mak+ a dog appe> at 8 
v be/ 9 ! r+1 & a great deal  ( _!      
success is due to ?is skill4 ,! cry ( ! 
p>tiality (  judges to pr(essionally %[n
 dogs has be5 (t5 he>d1 b x is n  s     
s]i\s to "o :o w wat* a class actually  
be+ %[n on !  sawdu/4 ,! humor\sness ( !
 man :o c realize ! bett] %[+  ( ! dogs 
h&l$ by ! paid pr(essionals 9 e r+ b 8  

own  appeals to a close & imp>tial      
obs]v]4    ,! novice _c d bett] ?an to  
/eal a leaf out ( ! book ( !            
pr(essional h&l]s1 & by a c>eful /udy ( 
_! me?ods1 le>n  to %[ 8 own dogs s t !y
 w always be at _! be/1 mak+  _! /ronge/
 po9ts app>5t & hid+ _! weaknesses1 &   
religi\sly see+ to x t he cat*es !      
judicial eye4    ,x is well to take a   
puppy de/9$ = a %[ c>e] & to tea* him   
to %[4 ,x is j z easy to tea* him to /& 
firm on 8 p9s1 all  al]t1 full ( fire1  
yet n bobb+ ab\t l a jump+-jack1 z x  is
 to h him sit up & beg or to play dead4 
,to a public dog x  is an innately m    
useful accompli%m5t4    ,a little bit ( 
boil$ liv]1 ! sweete/ tit-bit on a dog's
 m5u1 is  an excell5t ?+ to c>ry into ! 
r+ ) y1 b x is a grave  mi/ake to be    
=ev] teas+ & nagg+ at y\r entry4 ,leave 
him  alone z mu* z possible4 ,d n we>   
out 8 spirits & y\r own  pati5ce1 b j   
see t he is kept awake1 /&+ firm s z to 
%[ 8 front to advantage1 & s plac$ t !  
judge looks at him  f ! mo/ advantage\s 

position4 ,if he has a poor color$ eye1 
keep  8 tail po9t$ at ! s\rce ( ! light2
 if 8 back is pl5ty  long1 d n let !    
judge see m ( 8 pr(ile ?an possible1 &  
s on1 ) diff]5t rules = ea* dog 9 ! _w4 
,bad mann]s 9 ! r+ are ! poore/ ( poor  
sportsman%ip4 ,nev]  try to hide ano!r's
 dog & d n let y\r dog pick at or worry 
ano!r entry4 ,! t]ri]s are all incl9$ to
 />t ?+s 9 !  r+ anyway1 & ea* exhibitor
 ought to d 8 be/ to prev5t !  r+ f     
becom+ a :irl+1 b>k+1 tugg+ b$lam4 ,no  
judge c d  8 be/ "u su* disconc]t+1 if  
excit+1 conditions1 & he has  a h>d     
en\gh "t at be/1 s exhibitors ought to  
help him z mu* z  !y are able4    ,v1 v 
seldom does "o meet an exhibitor :o w   
come out frankly  & say t he 0 beat5    
fairly1 ev5 if he has %[n a regul>      
rott] aga9/ an out-&-out]4 ,x does n co/
 "o s+le1 r$  c5t to congratulate ! own]
 ( ! dog :o has beat5 y\rs4 ,if he  has 
done s fairly1 x is b ! dec5t ?+ to d1 &
 if y ?9k  y\r dog is ! bett]1 :y y h ! 
consolation ( kn[+ t  !re is go+ to be  

ano!r %[ :]e ano!r judge w h& out !     
ribbons probably ! v next week4 ,x is   
also a mighty nice ?+ to  f9d a good    
po9t or two to m5tion 9 ! dogs t h be5  
plac$  beh9d y\rs1 assum+1 ( c\rse1 t y 
h n _h ! fate (  be+ giv5 ! gate4    ,^!
 little c\rtesies ( ! r+ are (t5 sadly  
lack+ at our  ,am]ican %[s4 ,fanci]s h a
 _w ( ?+s 9 common &1 in/ead  ( bitt]e/ 
rivals1 !y %\ld be ! be/ ( fri5ds4      
,fri5dly  rivalry adds n9ety p] c5t4 to 
! pleasures ( be+ a fanci]1 &  9 ?is a  
man gets j ab\t :at he gives4    ,9 s5d+
 a dog to a %[1 ev5 if ! di/ance be b a 
mile or two  & y are go+ along1 too1 x  
is be/ to crate him4 ,x co/s a  little  
m1 b _m an unbox$ dog has be5 lo/ or    
injur$1 & !  railroads assume absolutely
 no responsibility 9 ^! cases4 ,!       
express companies d *>ge a v high rate  
7"o & a half times t  *>g$ = m]*&ise7 = 
v poor s]vice1 b !y are at lea/  legally
 responsible = dogs committ$ to _! *>ge4
 ,9 ,engl&1  wick] hamp]s are v popul> =
 %ipp+ dogs1 b "h1 :ile  lightness is to

 be s\ght1 !y are h>dly /rong en\gh to  
)/&  ! g5tle c>e ( our baggage heav]s4  
,! %[s provide b$d+1 food1 & wat]1 b !  
fanci] supplies  8 own *a9s & leads4 ,to
 fa/5 a dog on ! exhibition b5*1  b5*   
*a9s1 z !y are call$1 are us$4 ,^! are  
ei!r nickel or  brass f9i%1 ) snaps at  
bo? ends1 & by means ( !m a dog c  be s 
fa/5$ t he c move ab\t com=tably & yet n
 hang  himself by gett+ ov] ! front or  
get into tr\ble ) 8  neighbors beyond ! 
p>titions4    ,9 ! %[ r+1 h[ev]1 ^! *a9s
 w\ld be too heavy1 & x is  ! cu/om to  
%[ t]ri]s on long lea!r leads4 ,!re are 
two /yles  9 vogue4 ,"o is a regul> lead
 fa/5$ ) a snap to an ord9>y  coll>1 :i*
 %\ld be a half in* /rap ( pla9 lea!r4  
,! o!r  is ! slip coll>1 or a long lead 
) a loop at "o or bo? ends4 ,!  loop is 
slipp$ ov] ! dog's head & fa/5$ by a    
slid+ clasp4  ,all leads & coll>s =     
t]ri]s %\ld be light & pla94 ,fancy1    
/udd$1 bebell$1 & b]ibbon$ coll>s look  
ab\t z well on a  t]ri] z diamonds on a 
bellboy4    ,! %[+ ( dogs is rapidly    

becom+ "o ( our mo/ popul> sports4  ,!  
numb] ( %[s increases wond]fully ea*    
ye>1 & e season  ! entries become m & m 
num]\s4 ,daily1 !re are recruits  enli/+
 9 ! army ( dog fanci]s4 ,!re is no d5y+
 ! pot5cy  ( ! *>m wov5 by ! dog %[4 ,! 
confirm$ fanci] fairly loves  ! b>k+ ro>
 ( ! b5*$ dogs2 t peculi>ly di/9ctive   
smell--a /range mixture ( dog1          
dis9fectant1 & sawdu/2 !  excitem5t ( ! 
r+2 ! doggy p>ties at lun*es1 d9n]s1 &  
at  night aft] ! %[ is ov]4 ,x is all   
diff]5t f any?+ else 9  ! _w ( sport1   
?is *>m ( ! b5* %[1 & x is sure to  hold
 9 a fa/ grip any dog lov] :o falls "u  
its sway4          ,,*apt] ,,vi    ,,!  
,,useful ,,air$ale      ,_h !re nev] be5
 a specific ne$ = j su* a dog z !       
,air$ale1 he w\ld nev] h exi/$4 ,he 0   
manufactur$ to meet a  di/9ct want3 !   
ne$ = a big1 /rong dog1 game to ! bottom
 &  ) a lik+ = wat]1 :o w\ld s]ve !     
all-r\nd purpose ( pal1  gu>d1 poa*]1 & 
v]m9 de/roy]4 ,_h ! ,air$ale n fill$ ?is
  bill1 he w\ld nev] h p]si/$4 ,he w\ld 

h di$ out  ignom9i\sly1 )\t ev5 w9n+ a  
local fame4    ,! ,air$ale1 h[ev]1 is n 
only all t 8 ,york%ire manufactur]s     
long$ =1 b he has %[n himself mu* m4    
,wid] acqua9tance )  ! _w has plac$ him 
"u _m diff]5t conditions1 & he has  n v 
(t5 be5 weigh$ & f\nd want+4 ,he has    
made 8 home 9  all c\ntries f ,alaska to
 ,india4 ,he has be5 us$ = all sorts (  
game f ! grizzly to mice2 he has done   
police duty 9 ,france1  ,g]many1 &      
,am]ica2 he has drawn sl$s 9 ! ,arctic &
 driv5 %eep  9 ,au/ralia--all ^! ?+s &  
_m o!rs he has done1 & 9 !  do+ ( !m he 
has won a reputation = intellig5ce1     
docility1 &  affectionate disposition t 
few less tal5t$ dogs d n envy4 ,z a     
writ] 9 ! ,belgian ,bre$]1 ! ,brussels  
j\rnal devot$ to  horses1 dogs1 &       
live/ock1 has said1 he is inde$ le *i5  
le plus  utile1 :i* is freely           
,am]icaniz$ by ! doggy epigram t an     
,air$ale w d any?+ any o!r dog c d & !n 
lick ! o!r  dog4    ,! ,air$ale is inde$
 ideally useful1 & he is also usefully  

ideal1  = he has size & /r5g?2 nobody   
ev] que/ion$ 8 c\rage2 he is  bless$ )  
exceptional bra9s2 & he is ob$i5t1      
fai?ful1 &  affectionate4 ,:at m c man  
ask ( a dog8 ,by inh]itance he is a     
?or\gh sportsman & by in/9ct a p]fect   
g5tleman4    ,tra9+1 education1 &       
specialization are all famili> t]ms ^!  
days4 ,x is ackn[l$g$ t ! skill$ dw>f is
 m p[]ful ?an  ! ignorant giant3 t !    
effici5cy ( ! g5ius is increas$ _m      
times by prop] s*ool+4 ,s x is ) dogs4  
,by nature & by ! art  ( bre$+ !        
,air$ale has be5 end[$ ) gifts fitt+ him
 to d  :atev] a dog may be call$ ^u to  
d1 b prop] tra9+ w  enable him to d x m 
easily & bett]4    ,) a dog ( s _m      
tal5ts x is some:at difficult to decide 
j  ! be/ way 9 :i* to take up ! diff]5t 
bran*es ( 8  education1 b let u divide 8
 tra9+ ^u ! basis ( !  ,air$ale 9 t[n & 
9 ! c\ntry4    ,i suppose t x is useless
 to say1 = dogs w always be kept 9  !   
cities z companions1 t a ,h>lem flat is 
j ab\t ! wor/  place 9 ! _w = an        

,air$ale4 ,any t]ri] j cries = room4    
,he is lively z a cricket & z full (    
spirits z a nut is (  k]nel--bo?        
excell5t qualities 9 any dog outside a  
flat4 ,! city at  be/ is no place = any 
dog2 no place = t]ri]s ( all dogs1 & (  
all t]ri]s1 ! ,air$ale6 ,yet hundr$s (  
dogs live 9 t[n1 & !y  s]ve _! purpose4 
,also1 !y h a great deal to le>n4       
,h\se-break+ is ! fir/ lesson t has to  
be taught ! city dog4  ,usually x saves 
"t & money to see t ! dog y buy is      
already  s tra9$1 b ?is _c always be    
done4 ,x is a risky bus9ess to  gu>antee
 a dog h\se-brok5 & too mu* fai? mu/ n  
be plac$ 9  any su* promises4 ,x (t5    
happ5s t :ile a dog w always behave     
p]fectly 9 "o h\se he may h to be tra9$ 
all ov] aga9 :5  introduc$ into ano!r4  
,?is is ma9ly true ( puppies1 s y ne$  n
 consid] y\rself basely deceiv$ if1 9   
?is p>ticul>1 a  y\ng/] does n live     
/rictly up to ! ^w ( 8 sell]4    ,if y\r
 dog arrives 9 a crate1 he %\ld be giv5 
a run ! v fir/  ?+ aft] unpack+4 ,!     

safe/ way is to br+ him into ! h\se on  
a lead & to keep him ti$ up %ort 9 "s   
conv5i5t place = a  c\ple ( days1 tak+  
him out regul>ly at fix$ h\rs4 ,he w    
soon  get into ^! habits4 ,%\ld he (f5d1
 he ought to be puni%$ at !  sc5e ( 8   
crime1 tak+ c>e t he is aw>e ( 8 (f5se &
  ti$ up aga94 ,a v few days ( ?is      
treatm5t w h\se-break any  dog :o is old
 en\gh to und]/& :at y are driv+ at4    
,try+ to  h\se-break a v "y puppy is    
cruelty pure & simple4    ,9 puni%+ a   
dog1 d n beat him ab\t ! e>s & nev] use 
ei!r  a f9e :ip1 or a /ick4 ,x has      
happ5$ twice 9 my k t a  dog has _h 8   
he>+ s]i\sly damag$ by a ruptur+ ( ! e> 
drums caus$ by bl[s on ! head4 ,a :ip w 
cut ! sk9 ( a dog  & a /ick may break a 
bone4 ,a sm>t slap "u ! jaw1 accompani$ 
by a ^w-scold+ 9 a sev]e tone &         
uncompromis+ mann]1 is a  ?\s& times    
bett]4 ,9 extreme cases a /rap may be   
us$1 b always  rememb] t ! object is n  
to flog ! dog into c[>dly &  brok5      
submission1 b m]ely to impress ^u him t 

he is n do+  z y wi%4    ,9 all cases x 
is be/ to puni% a dog r$ h&$1 b 9 no    
case  %\ld y puni% him r$ head$4 ,unless
 ! dog kn[s = :at he  is be+ puni%$1 y  
are l ,x]xes :ipp+ ! ,hellespont =      
wreck+ 8 %ips1 except t a dog has m     
feel+s ?an ! sea4  ,! be/ way to be sure
 t ! dog kn[s is to cat* him 9 ! v  act4
 ,?is has ! disadvantage1 h[ev]1 ( mak+ 
x likely t y  w be 9 a temp]4    ,no dog
 %\ld ev] be puni%$ :5 y h n got p]fect 
control  ov] y\rself4 ,! pati5ce ( ,job 
0 nev] tri$ by a heal?y1  t]ri] puppy1  
or x might h rea*$ its limit4 ,a spoil$ 
rug1 !  fl[]-b$s wreck$1 a new hat *ew$ 
up1 slipp]s & rubb]s all ov]  ! h\se1   
religi\s disob$i5ce1 all ^! ?+s d       
cultivate a  temp]1 b temp] & dog-tra9+ 
d n live toge!r successfully4    ,9     
tra9+ a dog be sure t he kn[s exactly   
:at y want him to  d1 & !n be sure t he 
always does x4 ,make ob$i5ce a habit4 ,9
  "t1 x w come z natural to him z       
brea?+4 ,:5 y say ,come  "h1 see t he   
comes1 & let him und]/& t ,lie d[n means

  j t & no?+ m4 ,x is v useful to h a   
dog t lives  9 ! h\se /ay put :5 plac$ 9
 a *air or a corn]1 & ?is  %\ld be "p ( 
8 education4 ,x is v bad dog mann]s to  
jump up  on visitors4 ,ev5 to ^? :o love
 dogs x is (t5 disagreeably  bo!rsome4  
,x is bad en\gh 9 a toy dog1 b 9 an     
,air$ale x is  worse 9 ! ratio ( five   
p\nds to fifty4    ,i am n p]sonally 9  
favor ( tea*+ a dog tricks4 ,a trick dog
 soon  le>ns to love ! limelight1 & w be
 cont9ually begg+ to be  all[$ to %[ (f4
 ,besides1 ,i h an inborn dislike to    
see+ a dog  do+ /unts1 & ,i "k ! feel+  
is %>$ by o!rs :o are fond  ( a good    
dog4 ,x seems a silly ?+ to see a big1  
/rong t]ri]  begg+ or walk+ on 8 h9d    
legs4 ,x may be v clev] = poodles  &    
pugs1 b ) a man's dog--& ! t]ri]s are   
all man's  dogs--x always calls to my   
m9d a pa9t+ 9 ! ,l\vre 9 :i*  ,h]cules  
is depict$ sitt+ at ! feet ( ,v5us      
indu/ri\sly w9d+  up a ball ( y>n4      
,h[ev]1 ta/es diff]1 & ^! tricks are all
  easy to tea* a bright pupil1 :o has   

already le>n$ ! lesson (  m9d+4    ,:5 !
 city dog goes out = a walk 8 tra9+ gets
 its real te/4  ,:at a lovely spectacle 
x is to see a dog own] ru%+ & yell+     
aft] a dog :o runs ab\t pay+ no m       
att5tion to him ?an to !  cl\ds ov]head4
 ,x is a sight t has b "o equal1 t ( a  
portly1 pomp\s g5tleman *as+ 8 own hat4 
,ev5 if a dog is  p]fectly tra9$        
indoors1 he may break loose :5 fir/ tak5
 out on  ! /reet1 b he c easily be made 
to und]/& t ma/] is to  be boss on !    
/reet z well z 9 ! h\se4 ,"o ( ! be/    
habits a  city dog c h is t ( keep+     
close to 8 own]'s heels  cross+ /reets4 
,a dog is p]fectly well able to cross a 
cr[d$  /reet1 b 9 busy ?or\ghf>es a dog 
& 8 ma/] are apt to get  sep>at$1 & all 
may n be s =tunate z ! ,wa%+ton         
physician  :o _h 8 *ampion ,air$ale     
return$ ) a note :i* read3    ,d]e      
,doc--,"h is y\r ,yell] ,dog4 ,w y      
,please give me #ae c5ts ,i  hate to ask
 s mu* b i _h to fead him #b days4    ,!
 ,air$ale :o lives 9 ! c\ntry is m      

=tunate ?an 8  bro!r 9 t[n4 ,8 prelim9>y
 education is j ! same1 b he  gets a    
college c\rse 9 hunt+1 & maybe a little 
po/-graduate "w  9 cattle driv+4 ,all t 
has be5 said ab\t h\se-break+ &  tea*+  
to m9d applies ) equal =ce to ! c\ntry  
dog4 ,if !re  are n s _m int]e/$        
spectators to make x emb>rass+ x is  j z
 provok+ to h a runaway dog 9 ! mead[s &
 pa/ures z  9 ! /reets & av5ues4 ,a s+le
 motor at sixty or sev5ty miles an  h\r 
on ! turnpike is h>d] = a dog to dodge  
?an ! :ole flood  ( traffic t /reams up 
& d[n ! city ?or\ghf>es4 ,s1 city or    
c\ntry1 tea* y\r dog to m9d4    ,an     
,air$ale w take z naturally to rats1    
wood*ucks1 & su* v]m9  z a lot ( little 
yell[ duckl+s w to ! mill pond4 ,b to   
make  assurance d\bly sure1 x is be/ to 
introduce him to mice or small  rats :5 
he is f\r or five mon?s old1 !n lead+ on
 & on till  y c end ) ! bigge/ game f\nd
 9 ,am]ica4 ,?is is ! way  t]ri]s are   
brok5 9 ,engl&4 ,x has be5 f\nd t if a  
t]ri] is  jump$ bang at ,mr4 ,wood*uck1 

= example1 he may be spoil$ by bit+  (f 
m ?an he c *ew ! fir/ "t4    ,9 !       
,rockies1 :]e ,air$ales are us$ on      
grizzly & m\nta9 lion1  ! dogs hunt 9   
packs1 & ! old dogs tra9 ! y\ng/]s4     
,example  & exp]i5ce make an excell5t   
pair ( tutors1 & ! "w is su*  t unless !
 lessons are grasp$ pretty quickly1 !re 
w be a  dead dog4    ,! gradual sy/em ( 
break+ applies to wat]4 ,! ve9s ( !     
,air$ale are fill$ ) ! blood ( !        
ott]-h\nd1 & f ?is  ance/or he has      
inh]it$ a love = ! wat]4 ,practically   
all  ,air$ales w swim naturally )\t any 
tra9+ at all1 b once 9  a :ile !re comes
 along "o :o does n take to wat]4 ,he   
%\ld be  coax$ 91 n tak5 by ! scruff ( !
 neck & pit*$ ov]bo>d4  ,me?ods l t are 
n g5]ally successful :5 dogs are        
conc]n$4    ,9 hunt+ & swimm+ ! ,air$ale
 is b foll[+ ! /ronge/  in/9cts t he    
has4 ,all "o has to d is to curb &      
direct ^!  in/9cts4 ,exp]i5ce w d ! re/1
 = ! dog has bra9s & is  v quick to     
le>n1 & ! tea*] is prov]bially a good   

"o4 ,9  driv+ cattle & %eep1 h[ev]1 !   
dog is go+ into a new trade1  z x 71 & n
 "o to :i* he 0 born4 ,he proves 8      
v]satility  by ! quickness ) :i* he c   
le>n to be an excell5t drov]4 ,!  easie/
 way is to take him out ) a dog exp]i5c$
 9 ?is "w4 ,if  ?is _c be done1 "o w h  
to tra9 him himself1 & ?is is  n s      
difficult z x s\nds1 b x is be/ to make 
sure t ! dog  has c>efully le>n$ t m9d+ 
trick above m5tion$ be=e  und]tak+ ?is4 
,almo/ any & all dogs are wat*-dogs1 b !
 ,air$ale1 because (  8 size &          
intellig5ce1 is a p>ticul>ly good "o4 ,x
 is n !  wise/ policy to *a9 up a dog at
 night1 = he w be mu* m apt  to s\nd    
false al>ms1 & 9 any case ( real ne$ he 
is p[]less to  give active def5se (     
himself or 8 fri5ds4 ,! wat*-dog ought n
  to h 8 big1 heavy meal at night1 or he
 w g to sleep & snore  peacefully till  
cock cr[1 :ile if f$ b lightly1 he w re/
 9 a  s]ies ( cat naps1 if a dog c d t4 
,! ,air$ale is m practically useful ?an 
any o!r bre$ ( dog4 ,he  c d m ?+s bett]

 ?an any o!r v>iety4 ,x is ?is em95t    
utility ( 8 t has be5 "o ( ! greate/    
factors 9 8  success1 b he w\ld nev] h  
become s widely popul> ) m51  wom51 &   
*ildr5 ( all classes _h x n be5 t beh9d 
8  usefulness !re is /]l+ "* & good     
disposition4          ,,*apt] ,,vii     
,,common ,,ailm5ts      ,! t]ri] own] is
 a lucky devil1 = 8 dogs d n1 z a rule1 
sp5d a great deal ( "t 9 ! hospital4    
,all memb]s ( ! t]ri]  family1 f ! giant
 ( ! race1 ! ,air$ale1 way d[n to little
  ,scottie1 owe a big debt to nature =  
hav+ bless$ !m )  rem>kably robu/       
con/itutions4 ,!y d n cat* cold f e     
draft2 !y ?r[ (f ! v>i\s contagi\s      
diseases2 ev5 :5 really  sick1 !y make  
wond]fully rapid recov]ies4    ,all dog 
fle%1 h[ev]1 is heir to c]ta9 diseases1 
& ev5 ! mo/  heal?y & /rong are n       
exceptions to ?is rule4 ,_m ( ! books   
on doggy subjects are s deep & te*nical 
t ! poor novice :o  has wad$ ?r\gh _!   
sonor\s & involv$ phrases is really m at
  sea ab\t h[ to treat 8 sick dog ?an   

be=e he took !m f !  %elf4 ,o!r books on
 dogs1 especially ! popul> ones1 are s  
brief  9 _! descriptions t no am\nt (   
/udy ( !m c tea* mu*4  ,x is my object  
to /e] betwe5 ^! two extremes & to tell 
some?+ ( ! common ailm5ts1 s all may    
und]/& _! causes1  symptoms1 &          
treatm5ts4    ,two good rules = !       
amateur vet]9>ian to le>n at ! v outset 
are3 ,9 case ( any d\bt1 or if ! case is
 at all s]i\s1 "t1  money1 & maybe !    
dog's life w be sav$ by call+ at once ^u
 a  regi/]$ ,d4,v4,s42 & n9e times out (
 t5 a dog's ailm5ts are !  same1 ) !    
same symptoms & results1 z among humans4
 ,a dog1  !re=e1 c receive ! same       
treatm5t z p1 = ! same  m$ic9es act ^u  
him z ^u y\rself4 ,9 ! case ( ! t]ri]s1 
! dose is "o-f\r? ( t = an adult human4 
,to use m  commons5se ?an m$ic9e is     
ano!r good rule to use1 = nurs+ &  a    
little att5tion to diet (t5 effect a    
cure )\t any drugs at  all4    ,rememb]+
 t ! same treatm5t t y w\ld give y\rself
 cures  y\r dogs makes x unnecess>y to g

 into su* ailm5ts z cuts1 burns1  colds1
 /oma* disord]s1 & poisons4 ,!re are1   
h[ev]1 "s  di/9ctively can9e ailm5ts4 ,=
 conv5i5ce let u take ^! up             
alphabetically4    ,cank] ( ! e> is n by
 any means s common 9 t]ri]s z 9 !      
long-e>$ bre$s1 b x sometimes affects   
dogs :o g a great deal 9  ! wat]1 ?\gh x
 may be caus$ by any =eign sub/ance     
gett+  into ! e>4 ,!re are two =ms--!   
ext]nal & ! int]nal4 ,!  ext]nal %[s    
itself by sores on ! e> flaps1 :i* are  
mo/ pa9ful  & cause ! dog to scrat* &   
paw at 8 e>4 ,! sores ought to be       
clean$ ?or\ghly ) hot wat] & dress$ )   
z9c o9tm5t daily4  ,9 bad cases ! head  
may be b&ag$ to prev5t aggravation ( !  
ulc]s by scrat*+4    ,! int]nal =m is   
h>d] to cure4 ,its symptoms are hot1    
inflam$  e>s1 pa91 paw+1 & rubb+ ! head 
aga9/ ! floor or walls4  ,! int]ior ( ! 
e> %\ld be d\*$ out ) w>m wat] &        
boracic acid or wit* hazel1 & !n syr+$ )
 a solution ( "o  "p ( spirits ( w9e &  
tw5ty p>ts ( wat]4 ,aft]w>ds ! e>  %\ld 

be c>efully dri$ out ) cotton on ! end (
 a p5cil--c>e  mu/ be tak5 n to injure !
 int]ior ( ! e>--& f9ally du/$  )       
boracic acid4    ,*orea1 or1 z x is     
sometimes call$1 ,/4 ,vitus's ,dance1 is
  g5]ally a legacy ( di/emp]4 ,x is a   
peculi> n]v\s twit*+1  g5]ally affect+ !
 =elegs & %\ld]s4 ,x is almo/ incurable1
  b good food1 ex]cise1 & a tonic may "w
 wond]s4    ,cramps 9 ! h9dqu>t]s may   
sometimes attack a dog :o goes a  great 
deal into ! wat] & !y are n unkn[n z a  
result ( cold  & damp k5nels or great   
exposure to cold4 ,! symptoms are a m or
  less complete p>alysis ( ! h9dlegs1   
accompani$ by great pa94 ,!  dog %\ld be
 giv5 a hot ba? & ! affect$ p>ts1 aft] a
 c>eful  dry+1 %\ld be rubb$ well )     
*lor(orm l9im5t4    ,di>rhoea1 :i* may  
be caus$ by food or worms1 c usually be 
/opp$ by a mild purge ( half ca/or oil &
 half syrup ( buck?orn1  :i* may be     
foll[$ by a dose ( prep>$ *alk4 ,boil$  
rice is an  excell5t food = dogs suff]+ 
f disord]$ b[els4    ,di/emp] is ! bane 

( ! dog own]'s exi/5ce4 ,x is a highly  
contagi\s disease g5]ally attack+       
puppies1 & is comp>able to  sc>let fev] 
9 t "o attack successfully gone ?r\gh   
usually  means immunity4 ,x 0 =m]ly     
?\ght t di/emp] c\ld arise  spontane\sly
 f improp] fe$+ or unsanit>y k5nel+1 b !
  g]m ( ! disease has be5 isolat$1 &    
:ile poor food & dirty  k5nels increase 
! *ances ( ! disease by l[]+ ! dog's    
resi/ance1 !y are n 9 !mselves causes4  
,! di/emp] g]m is possess$ ( rem>kable  
vitality & may be  transf]r$ ei!r       
directly f dog to dog or ?r\gh ! m$ium (
  crates1 b$d+1 clo?+1 & ev5 ! air4 ,%[s
 are a s\rce (  spread+ ! disease1 ?\gh 
!re is mu* less dang] ( ?is n[  ?an     
=m]ly = ! vet]9>y inspection & prop]    
dis9fect+  me?ods h improv$ conditions  
wond]fully4 ,a bit* f an infect$  k5nel 
may give di/emp] to ! inmates ( ! k5nels
 %e visits =  bre$+ purposes4 ,pl5ty (  
soap & wat]1 dis9fectant1 & elb[  grease
 make a di/emp] prev5tion t is mu* bett]
 ?an any cure4    ,! discov]y ( !       

di/emp] g]m has naturally result$ 9 !   
mak+ ( an anti-tox91 by att5uat+ ! virus
 till a weak5$  =m is obta9$4 ,us+ ?is  
to inoculate a well dog1 a mild =m  ( ! 
disease attacks him1 b ?is vacc9ation   
has n prov$  unqualifi$ly successful1   
especially :5 us$ by amateurs4    ,!    
commone/ =m ( di/emp] is cat>rhal1 )    
symptoms mu* l  ^? ( an ord9>y cold1    
lack ( appetite1 fev]1 disord]$ b[els1  
vomit+1 />+ coat1 rapid loss ( fle%1 &  
dis*>ges f !  nose & eyes4 ,! di/emp]   
g]m1 h[ev]1 may attack o!r organs  ?an !
 nose & eyes4 ,! lungs & bron*ial tubes 
& ! /oma*  & inte/9es are also seats ( !
 tr\ble4 ,^! =ms are h>d] to  diagnose &
 h>d] to cure4 ,! pres5ce ( dys5t]y &   
sometimes (  jaundice are indications t 
! dige/ive tract is involv$4    ,i "k ( 
no sure cure = di/emp]1 & ,i nev] knew a
 dog own]  :o did1 ?\gh1 to be sure1 !y 
all h _! favorite rem$ies4  ,!re are no 
end ( pat5t specifics on ! m>ket1 & "s (
 ^!  are v good1 b ! be/ ?+ = a tyro to 
d is to call a  vet]9>ian4 ,leave !     

doctor+ to him1 at lea/ till y h _h  !  
exp]i5ce ga9$ by a c\ple ( good cases ( 
di/emp] 9 y\r  k5nels4 ,!re w be pl5ty =
 y to d )\t bo!r ab\t  prescrib+4    ,! 
dog ) di/emp] mu/ be isolat$1 & y mu/   
take !  precautions t y w\ld if !re 7   
smallpox 9 ! neighborhood4  ,wa% )      
dis9fectants1 burn sulphur c&les1       
scrupul\sly de/roy all  b$d+--use all ! 
k ( antiseptic dis9fect+ t y  h4    ,z =
 ! pati5t1 y w f9d t nurs+ is j z       
important z  m$ic9e--9 fact1 ! m ,i h to
 d ) ! disease1 ! less  m$ic9e ,i       
adm9i/] & ! m c>e ,i give to nurs+4     
,keep up !  dog's /r5g? ) almo/ any sick
 room food t he w eat4 ,raw  meat1 eggs1
 gruels1 s\ps1 milk1 all ^! are good1 & 
! dog %\ld  be f$ (t54 ,! dis*>ges f !  
nose & eyes %\ld be wip$  away regul>ly4
    ,if ! nose becomes v badly /opp$ up1
 s t brea?+ is  difficult1 ! dog's head 
may be held ov] a pail ( hot wat] 9 :i* 
a little turp5t9e has be5 dropp$ & he   
made to inhale ! fumes4  ,if ! ?roat &  
bron*ial tubes are affect$1 give a      

little c\gh  syrup--any "o w d1 b be    
c>eful n to give en\gh to upset !       
/oma*4 ,see t ! dog has pl5ty ( wat] to 
dr9k & keep him out  ( all drafts1 ?\gh 
! room mu/ be well v5tilat$4    ,fits   
seem to be a "p ( ! life ( mo/ puppies4 
,!y are n  dang]\s & usually pass (f )\t
 bad effects4 ,b fits are a  symptom1 & 
! cause %\ld be remov$4 ,!y may be caus$
 by worms1  /oma* tr\bles1 or heat4     
,keep ! dog quiet & give him a dose (   
ca/or oil & buck?orn4    ,insects (     
sev]al k9ds take pleasure 9 see+ to x t 
nei!r  ! dog or 8 own] gets lazy4 ,!    
commone/ & ! easie/ to get  rid ( are   
fleas1 b !y are dang]\s z be+ ! cause ( 
tapeworm1 = ! tapeworm ( ! dog sp5ds "p 
( 8 life 79 !  l>va =m7 9 ! fleas4 ,!re 
are any numb] ( good flea soaps on  !   
m>ket & a doz5 good flea p[d]s1 s little
 ne$ be said ab\t  ridd+ ! dog ( ^!     
pe/s4    ,lice are h>d] to get rid (1 b 
! dog c be fre$ ( !m 9 !  same way z (  
fleas4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to get rid ( z 
_m ( !  lice eggs1 little black specks t

 /ick to ! hair1 z possible4  ,ticks are
 ! lea/ common1 b because ( _! habit (  
burr[+  into ! sk9 _c be wa%$ out4 ,!   
be/ way is to give ! dog a  good rubb+ 9
 a dress+ compos$ ( olive & k]os5e oils1
 equal  p>ts ( ea*1 foll[$ by a ba?4    
,k5nel ,lam5ess1 or rheumatism1 affects 
a dog simil>ly to human  be+s1 !re be+ a
 sor5ess ( c]ta9 p>ts--usually !        
=e%\ld]s or back--& pa91 ) ev5 swell+ ( 
! jo9ts4 ,!  dog %\ld be kept 9 a light1
 dry1 well-v5tilat$ place1 8 b[els  kept
 op51 & ! food giv5 light1 b n\ri%+4 ,a 
little sodium  bic>bonate or sodium     
salicylate add$ to 8 dr9k+ wat] w be    
f\nd to be b5eficial1 & hot ba?s &      
rubb+s ) l9im5ts eases  ! pa9           
consid]ably4    ,sk9 diseases are among 
! common tr\bles ( ! dog own]1 =  !re   
are ?ree v>ieties4 ,! wire t]ri]s seem  
to suff] a good deal  f eczema1--?is is 
especially true ( ,scotties1--& _! own] 
is  sure to "k x be=e he has be5 9 !    
game v long4 ,x is a sk9  disease1      
noncontagi\s1 aris+ f ! blood & %[+     

itself 9  r$ eruptions :i* bur/1 ooz+ _!
 cont5ts & =m+ scabs4 ,!  hair comes (f1
 & by scrat*+ ! dog aggravates !        
condition4    ,high fe$+ & too little   
ex]cise are ! usual cause ( !  tr\ble1 &
 ! root ( ! matt] mu/ be gott5 at be=e a
 cure c  be effect$4 ,a good purge %\ld 
be giv5 & ! dog put on a light1  simple 
diet4 ,! sores %\ld be wa%$ clean & !n  
treat$ ) a  wa% ( f\r p>ts ( sug> ( lead
 & "o "p ( z9c sulphate 9  wat]4 ,f[l]'s
 ,solution is also giv5 sometimes1 b ?is
 is a poison  & ought n to be adm9i/]$  
save on a vet]9>ian's advice4    ,!re   
are two =ms ( mange--s>coptic &         
follicul>1 bo? highly  infecti\s1 & !   
latt] s h>d to cure t _m dog own]s w\ld 
almo/ r kill a dog ?an g ?r\gh ! siege )
 ! con/ant  dang] ( inoculat+ o!r dogs4 
,! s>coptic =m is m on !  surface &     
attacks dogs "u ! legs1 :i* become r$ & 
inflam$1  little r$di% pimples =m+1 :i* 
break & =m d>k r$ scabs4  ,! follicul>  
mange usually />ts on ! back ne> ! tail 
or ov]  ! coll>4 ,! hair falls out1 r$  

scabs =m & !re is a peculi>  odor4 ,x is
 difficult to tell j :i* =m "o is deal+ 
) aft]  ! case has gone f>1 b at !      
outset x is comp>atively easy4    ,bo? (
 ^! manges are caus$ by p>asites :i*    
live 9 ! sk94  ,! microscope reveals ^!1
 & ?is is ! only way t "o1 at !  outset1
 c be sure he is deal+ ) mange & n      
eczema4 ,! dog  %\ld be ?or\ghly clean$ 
& !n dress$ ) ! foll[+  o9tm5t3 creosote
 #a_/b oz42 oil ( cade #a oz42 z9c      
o9tm5t &  lanol9e ea* #c ozs42 & sulphur
 #a_/b oz4 ,?is is n a pretty or a  nice
 mixture1 b x has done ! "w m ?an once =
 me4 ,! ma9  ?+ ) mange is cleanl9ess & 
keep+ ev]la/+ly at x4  ,skipp+ a day 9 !
 treatm5t w add a week to ! cure4       
,s>coptic  mange caught 9 "t c be cur$ 9
 two weeks4 ,follicul> mange may  take  
?ree mon?s1 or ev5 long]1 to be cur$    
completely4    ,worms are almo/ sure to 
be f\nd 9 all dogs n regul>ly treat$  = 
!m1 & !y are ! cause ( a good deal (    
tr\ble4 ,puppies are  favorite victims =
 ^! int]nal p>asites & y\ng/]s :o s]ve  

z ho/s = ^! undesirable visitors nev] d 
well4 ,worms come f  fleas1 %eep &      
cattle /oma*s & inte/9es1 & %eep heads4 
,?ree  v>ieties are common--! r\nd1     
?read1 & ! tape1 ! la/ !  mo/ dang]\s4  
,puppies %\ld be giv5 a good v]mifuge :5
 wean$ & ! treatm5t  %\ld be kept up all
 ?r\gh ! dog's life4 ,emaciation1       
vomit+1  bloat+ ( ! /oma*1 bad brea?1 & 
dragg+ ! rectum along !  gr\nd aft] /ool
 are ! usual evid5ces ( worms1 b ! wise 
dog  own] does n wait = su* signs4 ,!re 
are sev]al good v]mifuges  on ! m>ket1  
usually conta9+ santon91 male f]n1 or   
ac]ca nut1  b naturally ,i d n feel t   
?is is ! place to m5tion !m by  "n4     
,almo/ any ( !m w d ! "w if !           
manufactur]'s  directions are foll[$4   
,9 conclusion1 a ^w or two ab\t giv+    
m$ic9es4 ,! be/ way to  hold a t]ri] is 
to sit 9 a l[ *air & place him s t 8    
body  is "u y & 8 %\ld]s betwe5 y\r     
knees4 ,to give a pill y  d n ne$ help =
 s small a dog1 b by putt+ y\r left h&  
ov]  8 m\? & press+ y =ce him to op5 8  

m\? by =c+ 8  lips aga9/ 8 tee?4 ,lift  
up 8 head & put ! pill z f> back  z y c 
on 8 tongue & hold 8 m\? clos$ till he  
has  swall[$4    ,) liquids y w ne$ an  
assi/ant to p\r ! m$ic9e into !  natural
 funnel y make ( ! dog's m\? by pull+ 8 
lips on "o  side out4 ,9 ?is y d n op5 !
 m\? b m]ely hold up !  head4 ,! m$ic9e 
%\ld be p\r$ sl[ly betwe5 ! tee? & lips 
& ! m\? held clos$ till swall[$4    ,let
 me aga9 impress ! importance ( rememb]+
 ! simil>ity (  can9e & human ills4 ,x  
is also well to be> 9 m9d t c>eful      
nurs+ is usually v mu* bett] ?an dos+1  
especially :5 !  dos+ is done by "o :o  
is n p]fectly sure j :at he is do+  & :y
 he is do+ x4                99      99 
99      99      99      99              
,transcrib]'s note3    ,m9or            
typographical errors h be5 correct$ )\t 
note4    ,irregul>ities & inconsi/5cies 
9 ! text h be5 reta9$  z pr9t$4