,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,mod]n ,,pa9t+ ,illu/ration3 ,,anton ,,graff ,,portrait ,,( ,,! ,,arti/ ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,mod]n ,,pa9t+ ,,by ,,ri*>d ,,mu!r ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,art ,,hi/ory ,,at ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,( ,,breslau ,,9 ,,f\r ,,volumes ,illu/ration ,,volume ,,"o ,,revis$ ,,edition ,,cont9u$ ,,by ,,! ,,au?or ,,to ,,! ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,xix ,,c5tury ,,london3 ,,publi%$ ,,by ,j4 ,m4 ,,d5t ,,co4 ,,new ,,york3 ,e4 ,p4 ,,dutton ,,co4 ,,mcmvii ,pr9t$ by ,,morrison ,,gibb ,,limit$ ,ed9burgh ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ix ,,introduction ,old & new hi/ories ( art4--,seem+ re/lessness ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4--,to recognise /yle 9 mod]n art1 & to prove ! logic ( its evolution1 ! pr9ciples ( judgm5t 9 ! old art-hi/ories are also to be employ$ = ! new4--,! "q is1 :at new elem5t ! age br\ght into ! hi/ory ( art1 n :at x borr[$ eclectically f e>li] ages #a ,,book ,i ,,! ,,legacy ,,( ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury ,,*apt] ,i ,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,,mod]n ,,art ,,9 ,,engl& ,! comm5cem5t ( mod]n art 9 ,engl&4--,two divisions ( mod]n art s9ce ! sixte5? c5tury4--,classic & naturali/ic s*ools4--,engli% succe$ ! ,dut* 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4--,william ,hog>?3 8 purpose & 8 in>ti/ic me?ods4--,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4--,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh4--,comp>ison betwe5 !m4--,reynolds1 an hi/orical pa9t]2 ,ga9sbor\gh1 a pa9t] ( l&scape4--,pictures ( ,ri*>d ,wilson %[ ! end ( classical l&scape4--,^? ( ,ga9sbor\gh1 ! beg9n+ ( paysage intime #i ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! ,,hi/orical ,,position ,,( ,,art ,,on ,,! ,,cont95t ,engli% influ5ce ^u ! art ( ! ,cont95t f ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury4--,/urm-und-,drang p]iod 9 lit]ature4--,r\sseau4--,goe!'s ,w]!r4--,s*ill]'s ,robb]s4--,spa93 ,francis ,goya1 8 pictures & et*+s4--,france3 ,anto9e ,watteau frees himself f b>oque influ5ces1 & directs ! t5d5cy ( ,fr5* art t[>ds ! ,l[ ,c\ntries4--,pa/el3 ,maurice ,lat\r1 ,rosalba ,c>ri]a1 ,liot>d4--,society pa9t]s3 ,lancrat1 ,pat]4--,! decorative pa9t]s3 ,franois ,lemo9e1 ,franois ,b\*]1 ,fragon>d4--,society turns virtu\s4--,jean ,greuze4--,middle-class society & its depict]1 ,jean ,bapti/e ,simon ,*>d94--,g]many3 ,less+ frees ! drama f ! classical yoke ( ,boileau1 &1 foll[+ ! ,engli%1 produces 9 ,m9na ! fir/ dome/ic trag$y4--,daniel ,*od[iecki z ! portray] ( ! ,g]man middle class4--,tis*be9 goes back to ! national pa/4--,pos+ disappe>s 9 portrait pa9t+4--,anto9e ,pesne4--,anton ,graff4--,*ri/ian ,lebre*t ,vogel4--,johann ,edl+]4--,! revival ( l&scape4--,r\sseau's influ5ce4--,engli% g>d5-/yle succe$s ! ,fr5* /yle4--,disappe>ance ( nature *oisie 9 pa9t+4--,hub]t ,rob]t4--,joseph ,v]net4--,salomon ,gessn]4--,ludwig ,hess4--,philip ,hack]t4--,johann ,alex&] ,?iele4--,antonio ,canale4--,b]n>do ,canaletto4--,francesco ,gu>di4--,don ,petro ,rodriguez de ,mir&a4--,don ,m>iano ,ramon ,san*ez4--,! animal pa9t]s3 ,franois ,casanova1 ,jean ,l\is de ,m>ne1 ,jean ,bapti/e ,oudry1 ,johann ,elias ,ri$+]4--,an ev5t 9 ! hi/ory ( art3 9 place ( ! prevail+ ,c9quec5to & ! sublime /yle ( pa9t+ degrad$ at ! close ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 a simple & s9c]e art succe$s ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( ,europe4--,return to :at ,dr] & ! ,little ,ma/]s ( ! sixte5? c5tury & ! ,dut* ( ! sev5te5? c5tury orig9at$ #da ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,classical ,,reaction ,,9 ,,g]many ,! influ5ce ( ! antique at ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury %[s no advance1 b an unnatural retrograde movem5t1 & notes 9 ,g]many ! beg9n+ ( ! same decad5ce :i* _h happ5$ 9 ,italy ) ! ,bolognese1 9 ,france ) ,p\ss91 & 9 ,holl& ) ,gr>d de ,lairesse4--,! tea*+s ( ,w9ckelmann1 ,anton ,rafael ,m5gs1 ,angelica ,kauffmann4--,! y\ng] g5]ation c>ries out ! classical programme 9 ! value x sets ^u te*nical traditions4--,asmus ,jacob ,c>/5s4--,buonav5tura ,g5elli #hj ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,! ,,classical ,,reaction ,,9 ,,france ,9 ,france also ! classical t5d5cy 9 art 0 no new ?+1 b a revival ( ! antique :i* 0 re/or$ to life by ! f\ndation ( ! ,fr5* ,academy 9 ,rome 9 #affc4--;,influ5ce ( ar*ological /udies4--,elizabe? ,vige-,lebrun4--,! ,revolution height5s ! en?usiasm = ! antique1 & once m gives ,classicism an appe>ance ( brilliant animation4--,jacques ,l\is ,david4--,8 portraits & 8 pictures 9 relation to contempor>y hi/ory4--,david z an ar*ologi/4--,jean ,bapti/e ,regnault4--,franois ,&r ,v9c5t4--,gur9 #ih ,,book ,,ii ,,! ,,escape ,,into ,,! ,,pa/ ,,*apt] ,v ,,! ,,naz>5es ,influ5ce ( lit]ature4--,wack5rod]4--,tieck4--,! ,s*legels4--,in/ead ( ! antique1 ! ,italian ,quattroc5to appe>s z ! model = ! s*ools4--,fr$]ick ,ov]beck4--,philip ,veit4--,joseph ,fhri*4--,edw>d ,/e9le--,julius ,s*norr von ,c>olsfeld4--,_! pictures & _! draw+s #aag ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,muni* ,,"u ,,k+ ,,ludwig ,i ,pet] ,cornelius4--,wilhelm ,kaulba*4--,_! importance & _! limitations #ada ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,d,,sseldorf]s ,on ! ,rh9e1 a s*ool ( pa9t+ in/ead ( a s*ool ( draw+4--,wilhelm ,s*ad[1 ,c>l ,fri$ri* ,less+1 ,!odor ,hildebr&t1 ,c>l ,sohn1 ,he9ri* ,mcke1 ,*ri/ian ,koehl]1 ,h4 ,plddemann1 ,edu>d ,b5demann1 ,!odor ,m9trop1 ,fri$ri* ,itt5ba*1 ,erne/ ,deg]4--,:y _! pictures1 despite te*nical m]its1 h become antiquat$ #aeg ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,! ,,legacy ,,( ,,g]man ,,romanticism ,alfr$ ,re!l & ,moritz ,s*w9d oppose ! ,roman ) ! ,g]man tradition4--,_! pictures & draw+s #afg ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,! ,,=]unn]s ,,( ,,romanticism ,,9 ,,france ,la/ ye>s ( ! ,david s*ool we>isome & )\t "*1 except 9 portrait pa9t+4--,franois ,gr>d1 ! ,k+ ( ,pa9t]s & ,pa9t] ( ,k+s2 8 portraits ( ! ,empire & ,re/oration p]iods4--,comm5cem5t ( ! revolt3 ,pi]re ,paul ,prudhon2 8 pictures & ! /ory ( 8 life2 ,con/ance ,may]4--,revival ( col\r+4--,anto9e ,jean ,gros & 8 pictures ( contempor>y life2 discrepancy betwe5 8 tea*+ & 8 practice #ahi ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,g5]ation ,,( #ahcj ,! revolt ( ! ,romantici/s aga9/ ,classicism 9 lit]ature & art4--,?odore ,gricault & 8 e>ly works4--,! ,raft ( ! ,m$usa4--,eugne ,delacroix3 prote/ aga9/ ! conv5tional1 & r5ew$ importance ( col\r4--,delacroix's pictures2 influ5ce ( ! ,ea/ ^u him4--,8 life & /ruggles4--,! ,classical reaction4--,j4 ,a4 ,d4 ,+res & ! opposition to ,romanticism4--,8 classical pictures4--,excell5ce ( 8 portraits & draw+s #bai ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,ju/e-,,milieu ,mod]ation ! wat*word ( ,l\is ,philippe's reign1 9 politics1 lit]ature1 & art4--,jean ,gig\x1 a foll[] ( ,delacroix & an inexorable reali/4--,eugne ,isabey4--,middle position occupi$ by ,ary ,s*eff] betwe5 ! ,classical & ! ,romantic s*ools2 decl9e ( 8 popul>ity4--,hippolyte ,fl&r91 z a religi\s pa9t] a ,fr5* c\nt]p>t to ! ,naz>5es4--,paul ,*5av>d1 comp>$ to ,cornelius4--,?odore ,*assriau2 8 %ort & brilliant c>e]4--,lon ,b5\ville4--,lon ,cogniet & 8 pictures4--,transition f ! ,romantic s*ool to ! hi/orical pa9t]s4--,! great writ]s ( hi/ory3 r5ew$ activity 9 ?is field3 hi/orical trag$ies & romances4--,art takes a simil> c\rse3 popul>ity & facility ( hi/orical pa9t+4--,eugne ,devria2 ,camille ,roqueplan4--,nicolaus ,rob]t ,fleury2 ,l\is ,b\lang]4--,paul ,del>o*e2 8 popul>ity & its causes2 8 defects z a pa9t]4--,del>o*e's pictures4--,?omas ,c\ture #bee ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,! ,,po/-,,romantic ,,g5]ation ,france "u ! ,second ,empire2 ! society ( ! p]iod n repres5t$ 9 ,fr5* art4--,cont9uation ( ! old traditions )\t ess5tial *ange4--,alex&re ,cabanel4--,william ,b\gu]eau4--,jules ,lefbure4--,h5n]4--,paul ,baudry3 8 pictures2 decoration ( ! ,gr& ,op]a ,h\se4--lie ,delaunay3 8 pictures1 decorative pa9t+1 & portraits4--,! ,g5re froce2 pr$ilection = ! horrible 9 art4--,num]\s pa9t]s ( ?is s*ool4--,laur5s4--,ro*egrosse & 8 pictures4--,h5ri ,regnault #bgh ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,! ,,hi/orical ,,s*ool ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,belgium ,belgium to #ahcj4--;,david & 8 s*ool4--,navez1 ,mat?ias van ,bree4--,gu/av ,wapp]s1 ,nicaise de ,keyz]1 ,h5ri ,decaisne1 ,gallait1 ,bifve4--,erne/ ,sl+5ey]1 ,guff5s & ,sw]ts4--,! ,exhibition ( ,belgian pictures 9 ,g]many #cja ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,! ,,revolution ,,( ,,! ,,g]man ,,col\ri/s ,anselm ,feu]ba*1 ,victor ,mll]4--,! ,b]l9 s*ool3 ,rudolf ,h5neb]g1 ,gu/av ,ri*t]1 ,knille1 ,s*rad]1 & o!rs4--,! ,muni* s*ool3 ,piloty1 ,hans ,mak>t1 ,gabriel ,max4--,! hi/orical pa9t]s & ! end ( ! illu/rative pa9t+ ( hi/ory #cag ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,! ,,victory ,,ov] ,,pseudo-,,idealism ,! ,hi/orical ,picture ( ,mann]s z oppos$ to ,hi/orical ,pa9t+1 an advance 9 ! direction ( intimacy ( feel+4--,! ,antique ,picture ( ,mann]s3 ,*>les ,gleyre1 ,l\is ,hamon1 ,grme1 ,gu/ave ,b\lang]4--,! ,picture ( ,co/ume f ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies4--,france3 ,*>les ,comte1 ,alex&] ,hesse1 ,camille ,roqueplan4--,belgium3 ,alex&] ,m>kelba*1 ,flor5t ,willems4--,g]many3 ,l4 v4 ,hagn1 ,gu/av ,spang5b]g1 ,c>l ,beck]4--,! importance ( ,h5drik ,leys1 ,erne/ ,meissoni]1 & ,adolf ,m5zel z m$iators betwe5 ! pa/ & ord9>y life1 betwe5 ! h]oic art ( ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury & ! intimate art ( ! second half #cfc ,,bibliography #cia ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,,plates ,,9 ,,col\r ,,page ,,anton ,,graff3 ,portrait ( ,himself ,frontispiece ,,reynolds3 ,mrs4 ,siddons #bj ,,ga9sbor\gh3 ,! ,si/]s #ch ,,greuze3 ,! ,milkmaid #eh ,,*>d93 ,! ,h\se ( ,c>ds #fd ,,watteau3 ,fte ,*amptre #gd ,,angelica ,,kauffmann3 ,portrait ( a ,lady z a ,ve/al #hf ,,elizabe? ,,vig,e-,,lebrun3 ,portrait ( ! ,pa9t] ) h] ,daught] #ajj ,,cornelius3 ,let !re be ,light #add ,,s*w9d3 ,! ,w$d+ ,j\rney #ahb ,,regnault3 ,g5]al ,prim #cjj ,,meissoni]3 ,a ,cavali] #cgh ,,9 ,,black ,,& ,,:ite ,,baudry1 ,,paul4 ,portrait ( ,baudry #bhf ,*>lotte ,corday #bhg ,tru? #bhh ,! ,pe>l & ! ,wave #bhi ,cybele #bij ,l$a #bia ,edmond ,ab\t #bib ,,b5demann1 ,,edu>d4 ,! ,lam5t ( ! ,jews #afe ,,bi,,fve1 ,,ed\>d4 ,portrait ( ,bifve #cad ,! ,league ( ! ,nobles ( ! ,ne!rl&s #cae ,,b\gu]eau1 ,,william ,,adolphe4 ,bro!rly ,love #bha ,,cabanel1 ,,alex&re4 ,portrait ( ,cabanel #bgi ,! ,%ulamite #bhj ,,c>/5s1 ,,asmus ,,jacob4 ,portrait ( ,himself #hh ,scylla & ,*>ybdis #ij ,argo ,leav+ ! ,triton's ,m]e #ia ,*ildr5 ( ! ,night #ib ,priam & ,a*illes #ic ,,*>d91 ,,jean ,,sim,,on4 ,portrait ( ,himself #fc ,grace be=e ,meat #fe ,,*ass,,riau1 ,,?,,odore4 ,apollo & ,daphne #bei ,,*od[iecki1 ,,daniel4 ,portrait ( ,*od[iecki #ff ,! ,family ,picture #fg ,all ,sorts & ,conditions ( ,wom5 #fh1 #fi ,! ,morn+ ,complim5t #gj ,! ,arti/'s ,nurs]y #ga ,,cogniet1 ,l,,on4 ,t9toretto ,pa9t+ 8 ,dead ,daught] #bfa ,! ,massacre ( ! ,innoc5ts #bfc ,,cornelius1 ,,pet]4 ,portrait ( ,cornelius #adc ,f ! ,frescoes 9 ! ,fri$h(%alle1 ,b]l9 #ade ,m>gu]ite 9 ,prison #adf ,! ,apocalyptic ,ho/ #adg ,! ,fall ( ,troy #adi ,,c\ture1 ,,?omas4 ,portrait ( ,c\ture #bga ,! ,love ( ,gold #bgc ,! ,romans ( ! ,decad5ce #bge ,! ,tr\bad\r #bgg ,,david1 ,,jacques ,,l\is4 ,portrait ( ,david #ajb ,madame ,rcami] #ajc ,! ,oa? ( ! ,horatii #aje ,! ,rape ( ! ,sab9es #ajg ,hel5 & ,p>is #aji ,belis>ius ask+ ,alms #aaa ,! ,dea? ( ,m>at #aac ,,delacroix1 ,,eug,,ne4 ,portrait ( ,delacroix #bbf ,dante's ,b>k #bbg ,hamlet & ! ,grave-digg]s #bcj ,tasso 9 ! ,mad-h\se #bca ,entry ( ! ,crusad]s into ,con/ant9ople #bcc ,jesus on ,lake ,g5nes>et #bce ,horses ,fight+ 9 a ,/able #bcg ,m$ea #bch ,! ,expulsion ( ,heliodorus #bci ,,del>o*e1 ,,paul4 ,portrait ( ,del>o*e #bfd ,! ,assass9ation ( ! ,duke ( ,guise #bfe ,! ,pr9ces 9 ! ,t[] #bfg ,/raf=d on 8 ,way to ,execution #bfi ,,delaunay1 ,,lie4 ,diana #bic ,boys ,s++ #bid ,madame ,t\lm\*e #bie ,,feu]ba*1 ,,anselm4 ,portrait ( ,himself #cah ,hafiz at ! ,well #cai ,pieta #cba ,iphig5ia #cbb ,portrait ( a ,roman ,lady #cbc ,"m's ,joy #cbe ,m$ea #cbg ,dante ,walk+ ) ,high--born ,ladies ( ,rav5na #cbi ,f,,hri*1 ,,joseph4 ,portrait ( ,fhri* #abf ,f ! ,leg5d ( ,/4 ,gw5dol9 #abg ,ru? & ,boaz #abh ,! ,dep>ture ( ! ,prodigal ,son #abi ,jacob & ,ra*el #acj ,,ga9sbor\gh1 ,,?omas4 ,portrait ( ,ga9sbor\gh #cd ,mrs4 ,siddons #ce ,wood ,sc5e1 ,village ( ,corn>d1 ,suffolk #cf ,! ,m>ket ,c>t #cg ,! ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire #ch ,! ,wat]+ ,place #ci ,,gallait1 ,,l\is4 ,portrait ( ,gallait #cab ,egmont's ,la/ ,mom5ts #cac ,,g5elli1 ,,bonav5tura4 ,! ,embassy to ,a*illes #id ,!tis lam5t+ ! ,fate ( ,hector #ie ,odysseus & ! ,sir5s #if ,portrait ( ,g5elli #ig ,g,,r>d1 ,,fran,,ois4 ,portrait ( ,gr>d #aij ,mlle4 ,brongni>t #aia ,madame ,visconti #aib ,cupid & ,psy*e #aic ,madame ,rcami] #aid ,g,,ricault1 ,,?,,odore4 ,portrait ( ,gricault #bba ,! ,w\nd$ ,cuirassi] #bbb ,*asseur #bbc ,! ,raft ( ! ,m$usa #bbd ,! ,/>t #bbe ,g,r,,me1 ,l,,on4 ,! ,cock-fight #cfg ,,gessn]1 ,,salomon4 ,l&scape #ge ,l&scape #gf ,,goya1 ,,francisco4 ,portrait ( ,himself #db ,! ,majas on ! ,balcony #dc ,! ,maja ,clo!d #dd ,! ,maja ,nude #de ,de ,que ,mal ,morira 7f ,los ,capriccios7 #df ,soplones 7f ,los ,capriccios7 #dg ,se ,repul5 7f ,los ,capriccios7 #dh ,que ,pico de ,oro 7f ,los ,capriccios7 #di ,volav]unt 7f ,los ,capriccios7 #ej ,qui5 lo ,crey]a 7f ,los ,capriccios7 #ea ,l9da ,mae/ra 7f ,los ,capriccios7 #eb ,devota ,pr(esion 7f ,los ,capriccios7 #ec ,otres ,leyes por el ,pueblo #ed ,,greuze1 ,,jean ,,bapti/e4 ,portrait ( ,greuze #eh ,head ( a ,girl #ei ,girl c>ry+ a ,lamb #fj ,girl look+ up #fa ,girl ) an ,apple #fb ,,gros1 ,,anto9e ,,jean 7,,b>on74 ,saul #bae ,portrait ( ,gros #baf ,! ,battle ( ,eylau #bag ,,gu>di1 ,,francesco4 ,v5ice #gg ,,hamon1 ,,l\is4 ,my ,si/]'s n at ,home #cfe ,,h5neb]g1 ,,rudolf4 ,! ,race = ,=tune #ccj ,,h5n]1 ,,jean ,,jacques4 ,susanna & ! ,eld]s #bhd ,! ,sleep] #bhe ,,hildebr&t1 ,,!odor4 ,! ,sons ( ,edw>d #afa ,,hog>?1 ,,william4 ,portrait ( ,himself #ab ,! ,h>lot's ,progress 7,plate ,,vi47 #ac ,! ,rake's ,progress 7,plate ,,ii47 #ad ,! ,rake's ,progress 7,plate ,,vii47 #ae ,! ,rake's ,progress 7,plate ,,viii47 #af ,m>riage la ,mode 7,plate ,v47 #ag ,! ,enrag$ ,musician #ah ,g9 ,lane #ai ,,+res1 ,,jean ,,augu/e ,,dom9ique4 ,portrait ( ,+res #bdb ,! ,maid ( ,orleans at ,rheims #bdc ,portrait ( ,himself z a ,y\? #bdd ,b]t9 ! ,eld] #bde ,/udy = ! ,odalisque 9 ! ,l\vre #bdg ,! ,s\rce #bdh ,o$ipus & ! ,sph9x #bdi ,pagan9i #bea ,mlle4 de ,montgolfi] #beb ,! ,=e/i] ,family #bec ,,kauffmann1 ,,angelica4 ,portrait ( ,h]self #hf ,,kaulba*1 ,,wilhelm4 ,portrait ( ,kaulba* #aea ,! ,deluge #aeb ,pr9ce ,ar?ur & ,hub]t #aec ,m>gu]ite #aef ,,de ,,keyz]4 ,portrait ( de ,keyz] #cjh ,! ,battle ( ,wo]+5 #cji ,,laur5s1 ,,jean ,,paul4 ,! ,int]dict #bih ,,lef,,bure1 ,,jules4 ,tru? #bhc ,,less+1 ,,c>l ,,fri$ri*4 ,! ,sorr[+ ,royal ,pair #afd ,! ,hussite ,s]mon #cce ,,leys1 ,,h5drik4 ,portrait ( ,leys #cfi ,a ,family ,fe/ival #cgj ,! ,arm\r] #cga ,"m & ,*ild #cgb ,,lum9ais1 ,,ev>i/e4 ,les n]vs de ,jumiges #big ,,mak>t1 ,,hans4 ,portrait ( ,mak>t #cda ,! ,esp\sals ( ,catt]9a ,corn>o #cdc ,! ,fea/ ( ,bac*us #cde ,,max1 ,,gabriel4 ,portrait ( ,max #cdg ,a ,nun 9 ! ,cloi/] ,g>d5 #cdi ,! ,lion's ,bride #cea ,light #cec ,! ,_s's ,greet+ #cee ,adagio #cef ,a ,w9t]'s ,tale #ceg ,madonna #cei ,,may]1 ,,con/ance4 ,portrait ( ,may] #bja ,! ,dream ( ,happ9ess #bjb ,! ,tomb ( ,prudhon & ,con/ance ,may] at ,pre-,la*aise #bjc ,,meissoni]1 ,,erne/4 ,! ,man at ! ,w9d[ #cgc ,a ,man read+ #cgd ,read+ ! ,manuscript #cge ,polc9ello #cgf ,a ,read+ at ,did]ot's #cgg ,a ,halt #cgh ,,m5gs1 ,,anton ,,rafael4 ,portrait ( ,himself #hd ,m\nt ,p>nassus #he ,,m5zel1 ,,adolf4 ,portrait ( ,m5zel1 #ahcg #cgi ,fr$]ick ! ,great & 8 ,tutor #chj ,! ,r\nd ,table at ,sans-,s\ci #cha ,fr$]ick ! ,great on a ,j\rney #chc ,illu/ration to ,kugl]'s ,hi/ory ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great #chd ,portrait ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great #che ,reifspiel #chg ,:5 w ,g5ius ,awake8 #chh ,,ov]beck1 ,,fr$]ick4 ,portrait ( ,ov]beck #aah ,! ,annunciation #aai ,! ,nam+ ( ,/4 ,john #abj ,*ri/ ,heal+ ! ,sick #aba ,*ri/'s ,entry into ,j]usalem #abb ,! ,resurrection #abc ,! ,sev5 ,lean ,ye>s #abd ,portrait ( ,himself & ,cornelius #adj ,,pesne1 ,,anto9e4 ,portrait ( ,himself & ,daught]s #gb ,,piloty1 ,,c>l4 ,portrait ( ,piloty #ccf ,girdoni/s on ! ,road to ! ,guillot9e #ccg ,"u ! ,ar5a #cci ,,prudhon1 ,,pi]re ,,paul4 ,portrait ( ,himself #aie ,joseph & ,potiph>'s ,wife #aif ,/udy directs ! ,flight ( ,g5ius #aig ,le ,c\p de ,patte du ,*at #aih ,cupid & ,psy*e #aii ,! ,un=tunate ,family #bjd ,! ,rape ( ,psy*e #bje ,le ,midi #bjf ,la ,nuit #bjg ,l'enj\ir #bjh ,m>gu]ite #bji ,les ,petits ,dvideurs #baj ,! ,v9tage #baa ,! ,virg9 #bab ,*ri/ ,crucifi$ #bac ,madame ,copia #bad ,,regnault1 ,,h5ri4 ,salome #bii ,! ,moori% ,headsman #cjj ,,re!l1 ,,alfr$4 ,! ,emp]or ,otto at ! ,tomb ( ,*>lemagne #afi ,! ,de/ruction ( ! ,pagan ,idols #agj ,hannibal's ,passage ov] ! ,alps #aga ,dea? at ! ,mask$ ,ball #agb ,dea? ! ,fri5d ( ,man #agc ,,reynolds1 ,,sir ,,jo%ua4 ,portrait ( ,himself #bj ,dr4 ,johnson #ba ,g>rick z ,abel ,drugg] #bb ,heads ( ,angels #bc ,samuel ,ri*>dson #bd ,miss ,reynolds #be ,edmund ,burke #bf ,mrs4 ,ab+ton #bg ,edmund ,malone #bh ,oliv] ,goldsmi? #bi ,lady ,cockburn & h] ,daught]s #cj ,bi%op ,p]cy #ca ,! ,girl ) ! ,m\setrap #cb ,dr4 ,burney #cc ,,ri*t]1 ,,gu/av4 ,portrait ( ,himself #cca ,a ,gipsy #ccb ,,s*eff]1 ,,ary4 ,portrait ( ,s*eff] #beg ,m>gu]ite at ! ,well #beh ,,s*norr ,,von ,,c>olsfield1 ,,julius4 ,portrait ( ,s*norr #abe ,adam & ,eve aft] ! ,fall #abe ,,s*rad]1 ,,julius4 ,cromwell at ,:itehall #ccc ,,s*w9d1 ,,moritz4 ,portrait ( ,s*w9d #age ,f ! ,w>tburg ,frescoes #agf ,f ! ,w>tburg ,frescoes #agg ,wiel& ! ,smi? #agh ,f ! ,/ory ( ! ,sev5 ,rav5s #agi ,a ,h]mit lead+ ,horses to a ,pool #aha ,nymphs & ,/ag #ahd ,rbezahl #ahe ,! ,fairies' ,song #ahg ,,sl+ney]1 ,,erne/4 ,! ,av5g] #caa ,,sohn1 ,,c>l4 ,! two ,leonoras #afc ,! ,rape ( ,hylas #aff ,,/e9bruck1 ,,edu>d4 ,elves #afb ,,/e9le1 ,,edu>d4 ,! ,rais+ ( ,j>ius' ,daught] #aca ,i h trodd5 ! ,w9epress alone #acb ,portrait ( ,/e9le #acc ,book ,illu/ration #acd ,! ,viol9 ,play] #ace ,,sylve/re1 ,,joseph ,,no,l4 ,locu/a ,te/+ 9 ,n]o's ,pres5ce ! ,poison prep>$ = ,britannicus #bif ,,veit1 ,,philip4 ,portrait ( ,veit #acf ,! ,arts introduc$ into ,g]many by ,*ri/ianity #acg ,! two ,m>ys at ! ,sepul*re #aci ,,wapp]s1 ,,gu/av4 ,portrait ( ,wapp]s #cjc ,! ,sacrifice ( ,burgoma/] van d] ,w]ff at ! ,siege ( ,leyd5 #cje ,! ,dea? ( ,columbus #cjg ,,watteau1 ,,anto9e4 ,portrait ( ,watteau #ef ,la ,p>tie ,c>re #eg ,! ,music ,p>ty #gc ,! ,return f ! ,*ase #gd ,,introduction ,! hi/orian :o wi%es to relate ! hi/ory ( pa9t+ 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury is confront$ ) q o!r dem&s ?an await him :o und]takes ! art ( an e>li] p]iod4 ,! greate/ difficulty ) :i* ! latt] has to cope is ! defici5cy ( s\rces4 ,he manife/ly gropes 9 ! d>k ) reg>d to ! works ( ! ma/]s z well z to ! circum/ances ( _! lives4 ,aft] he has se>*$ ar*ives & libr>ies 9 ord] to collect 8 biographical mat]ial1 ! real critical problem awaits him4 ,ev5 among/ ! admitt$ly au!ntic works1 ^? :i* are undat$ confront ^? ^: *ronology is c]ta94 ,to ^! mu/ be add$ ^? nameless ones1 z to ^: hi/ory !re is a d\bt2 to ^! aga91 ^? ^: orig9 is to be asc]ta9$4 ,x ne$s a quick eye to sep>ate ! s*ools & gr\ps1 & f9ally to recognise ! notes :i* are peculi> to ! ma/]4 ,) none ( ^! difficulties is ! hi/orian ( mod]n art confront$4 ,! pa9t]s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury h v seldom =gott5 to atta* a "n & date to _! works1 & ! circum/ances ( _! lives are relat$ ) an accuracy t 01 e>li]1 r>ely ! lot ( ! =emo/ m5 9 hi/ory4 ,x is all ! m difficult1 face to face ) su* a *aos ( pictures1 to discov] ! spiritual bond :i* connects !m all1 to con/ruct a build+ out ( ! imm5se supply ( accumulat$ bricks1 ! pil$-up mass ( r\gh mat]ial4 ,! evolution ( mod]n pa9t+ is m complicat$ & v>i$ ?an t ( ! art ( an e>li] p]iod1 j z mod]n life itself is m complicat$ & v>i$ ?an t ( any previ\s age4 ,h[ quietly1 sl[ly1 & surely 0 ! evolution ( t old] p]iod c>ri$ out4 ,"o simple proportion 0 ma9ta9$ betwe5 art & ! univ]sal life ( culture4 ,cu/oms1 views ( life & art1 7 s intimately b\nd up toge!r1 t ! k ( ! age 9 g5]al naturally comprises t ( art4 ,/&+ be=e "s old alt>-piece ( ! s*ool ( ,cologne1 x is z ?\gh "o 7 wat*+ 9 "s broad high dome2 ev]y?+ is quiet all r\nd1 & ! augu/ figures 9 ! picture lead _! calm1 grave exi/5ce 9 illu/ri\s gr&eur4 ,! message ( ,*ri/ianity1 ,my k+dom is n ( ?is _w1 meets 9 art1 too1 ) a cle> expression4 ,humility & devotion are jo9$ toge!r1 mak+ = a ref9em5t 9 ! feel+ ( life t is unsurpass$ 9 its hi]atic t5d]ness & graci\s innoc5ce4 ,9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 ! age ( discov]ies1 a new _s ent]$ ! _w4 ,comm]ce & navigation discov]$ new worlds1 pa9t+ discov]$ life4 ,! human _s grew fre] & m joy\s2 x 0 no long] satisfi$ ) ye>n+ = ! o!r _w alone1 x felt itself at home also 9 ?is _w1 9 ! glory ( ! e>?4 ,pictures1 too1 7 inspir$ ) "s ( ^? joy\s p]ceptions ) :i* ! citiz5s ( ! fifte5? c5tury issu$ f _! n>r[ walls out "u ,god's free heav51 some?+ ( t ,ea/] ,day mood 9 ,fau/4 ,p /ill w5t on pa9t+ ,madonnas & sa9ts1 subjects ( a religion :i* _h spread f ! f> ,ea/ ov] ! :ole ,we/2 b ) ! sev]e simplicity ( ! heav5ly1 !re 0 univ]sal awak5+ ( all ! *>m & rogu]y & en]gy ( ! e>?ly4 ,x is ! fir/ virg9al contact ( ! _s ) nature4 ,on m5's works !re re/s ! fir/ morn+-dew ( spiritual life2 !y rem9d "o ( woodl&s 9 spr+3 ,botticelli1 ,van ,eyck1 ,s*ongau]4 ,aft] ! ,italians _h become vigor\s reali/s 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 !y rose 9 ! sixte5?1 ! c5tury ( inspir$ humanism1 to maje/y4 ,! "t ( h>d grappl+ ) ! ov]:elm+ fulness ( actuality is ov]4 ,^? great ma/]pieces ensue 9 :i* ! unlab\r$ ef=t %9es =? 9 ! mo/ felicit\s a*ievem5t3 ,raphael1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ,titian4 ,at ! same "t ! ,g]man mann] is mo/ directly oppos$ to ! ,romance4 ,!y disda9 to +ratiate !mselves into m5's m9ds by outw>d grace ( =m1 b w9 ! he>t by _! deep religi\s feel+ & intimate s5sibility4 ,!y are ,g]man to ! core1 racial ev5 to ! /iffness ( ! ,g]man "*1 b full ( feel+ & tru? to life4 ,dr] 9 8 woodcuts & copp] engrav+s is inw5dig voll] figur2 9 !m he (f]s ! conc5trat$1 homely treasure ( 8 he>t4 ,holbe9 is great by ! incomp>ably real art ( 8 portraits4 ,! c5tury ( t joy\s revival ( ,paganism1 ! ,olympian vivacity ( ! ,r5aissance1 is foll[$ by ! age to :i* ! ,jesuits gave life & "*4 ,= ^? /ately *ur*es 9 ! ,jesuit /yle1 ) _! =tissimo effect1 _! huge1 sculptur$ ornam5ts & _! gleam+1 gold decorations1 ! classic quietness ( ! old ma/]s ceases to be appropriate4 ,x is a "q ( a m /irr+ & impressive treatm5t ( sacr$ subjects1 :]e9 ! :ole passion ( r5ew$ ,ca?olicism %\ld be br\ght to expression4 ,spa91 ! c\ntry ( ! ,inquisition1 set ! classic /amp on ?is enhanc$ religi\s feel+4 ,"h all t mon>*ical & sac]dotal impulse :i* f\nd$ & aggr&is$ ! ,spani% nation1 f\nd$ too its true repres5tative 9 pa9t+4 ,pa9t]s end[$ _! *ur* pictures ) a passionate f]v\r & a flu% ( extravagant s5su\sness ( ! national1 ,spani%1 local col\r1 su* z are f\nd unit$ 9 ! art ( no o!r age or c\ntry4 ,necess>ily1 moreov]1 su* a feudal sy/em z t ( ,spa91 ) its gr&ees & pr9ces ( ! ,*ur*1 involv$ also an art ( portrait pa9t+ :i* ranks ) ! highe/ t has issu$ 9 ?is k9d f any c\ntry :atev]3 ,murillo1 ,velasquez4 ,9 ,fl&]s1 ! second /ronghold ( ! ,jesuits1 we h ! titan ,rub5s4 ,a joy\sly fle%ly ,flem+1 he seizes nature by ! ?roat & drags h] !re :]e he /&s erect1 z ?\gh he 7 "l ( ! _w4 ,fre$om _h f\nd its way into victori\s & ,prote/ant ,holl&4 ,"h !re fl\ri%$ an art nei!r c\rtly nor fo/]$ by ! ,*ur*4 ,x /ood 9 ! close/ connection ) ! burgesses1 %[$ cle> signs ( ! /ruggle ?r\gh :i* c\ntry & p _h won indep5d5ce4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 pa9t+ celebrat$ z its wor?ie/ subject ! free burgh]1 ! tight] 9 ! h]oic /ruggle = fre$om4 ,at no "t 0 portrait-pa9t+ practis$ to su* an ext5t1 & ! sitt]s n ari/ocratic c\rti]s1 b pr\d burgesses ( a free community2 ! m5 grave1 /rong1 self-reliant2 ! wom5 fai?ful1 pure1 & mode/4 ,! workman%ip is correspond5t3 simple1 solid1 dome/ic2 & soon !re foll[$ ! glorification ( t :i* !y priz$ ! m aft] _! /ruggles _h be5 accompli%$3 ! quiet1 com=table delight ( he>? & home4 ,dur+ ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce ! ,dut* _h le>nt to love _! fa!rl&1 & !y 7 ! fir/1 z arti/s1 fully to grasp ! poetry ( l&scape4 ,art n[ no long] %9es only ^u ! eyes ( ,m>y & ! ,ho/s ( ,heav53 x settles ^u arid c\ntry hills1 /reams ^u ! sea waves1 is at home 9 peasants' h\ses & ! d>k woods1 w&]s ?r\gh ! /reets & alleys1 makes a temple ( e m>ket4 ,! religi\s s5tim5ts1 h[ev]1 :i* /irr$ ,prote/ant ,holl& _h to f9d appropriate expression2 ! liv+ ess5ce ( biblical subjects 0 to be releas$ f a n>r[1 ecclesia/ical sph]e1 & approa*$ anew ) all ! deep1 ,g]man inw>dness4 ,^! t5d5cies 7 all unit$ 9 ,rembr&t--p]haps ( all ma/]s1 s9ce ! ,*ri/ian era1 ! mightie/ proclaim] ( ! great ,pan2 to him ! cosmic p[]s ( light & air signifi$ ! div9ity t ,mi*ael ,angelo _h pa9t$ "u a beautiful human =m4 ,f9ally1 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 comes rococo1 ) its ru/l+ fr\-fr\ & its delicate *>m4 ,! :ole life ( t noble society1 :i* ex*ang$ c\rt co/ume = silk5 pa/oral g>m5ts1 =mality & rank = *>m & grace1 0 a lively play1 an extravagant game4 ,! k+ play$ ) 8 cr[n1 ! prie/ ) 8 religion1 ! philosoph] ) 8 wisdom1 ! poet ) ! art ( rhyme4 ,!y did n he> z yet ! ho>se ?reat5+ voice ( ! dis9h]it$1 ,c> tel e/ notre plaisir4 ,:at ?is age possess$ ( beauty & *>m1 its peculi> grace & wanton vivacity1 its reckless1 inassailable frivolity1 0 prop] also to its art4 ,light & graci\s z ! :ole life ( t h>mless1 m]ry g5]ation1 x glid$ ?r\gh ! age untr\bl$1 l$ by ,cupidons1 & kiss$ by ! w&]+ w9ds4 ,x is only to-day t we und]/& once m ! *>m+ ma/]s ( t elegant c5tury4 ,! pa9t]s ( e epo* look$ at nature ) _! own eyes1 & also ) ! eyes ( _! age & ( _! c\ntry4 ,s ! art ( e p]iod appe>s z ! mirror & ab/ract *ronicle ( its age4 ,) irresi/ible maje/y1 & consci\s ( its inspiration1 x lays hold ( ! ext]nal _w1 & gives back to x its own picture inf9itely exalt$4 ,x is ! enlight5$ expression ( ! age1 z upright1 z fre%1 z fanatic1 or z unnatural z its g5]ation4 ,!re9 lies ! /r5g? ( ! pa9t]s ( rococo1 t !y pa9t$ ! artificiality ( ! "t ) su* unsurpassable naturalness4 ,x is j ^! inf9itely v>i\s mann]s ( pay+ c\rt to nature--unceas+ly ?r\gh\t ! c\rse ( c5turies1 n[ viol5tly1 n[ s(tly & t5d]ly1 at times1 too1 n )\t pass+ infidelity1--x is j ^! :i* det]m9e ! beauty & value1 ! my/]y & ess5ce ( art1 & are 9 ! hi/ory ( art all t t5ds to its v>iety & unsurpassable *>m4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury n only %[s a new age1 b probably beg9s a new section ( univ]sal hi/ory4 ,x is probable t 9 contra/ ) ?is epo* ( /irr+ movem5t1 dur+ :i* ! readju/m5t ( all political & social relations1 ! new discov]ies 9 ! in/rum5ts ( comm]ce1 trade1 & indu/ry h giv5 an entirely new aspect to ! _w1 ! next ?\s& ye>s w sum up all ! previ\s c5turies z ! old _w4 ,new m5 require a new art4 ,"o w\ld be incl9$ to surmise f ?is t ! art ( ! n9ete5? c5tury pres5t$ itself z some?+ ess5tially p]sonal1 ) a %>ply di/9ctive /yle4 ,in/ead ( ?is x (f]s at fir/ view1 9 contra/ ) ^? old ages ( uni=m production1 a condition l t ( ,babylon4 ,! n9ete5? c5tury has no /yle--! phrase t has be5 s (t5 quot$ z to h become a commonplace4 ,9 ar*itecture ! =ms ( all ! pa/ ages live aga94 ,! day be=e ye/]day we built ,greek1 ye/]day ,go?ic2 "h ,b>oque1 !re ,japanese3 b amid/ all ^! products ( imitative /yles !re rise up /ations & m>ket-places :i*1 ) ! robu/ elegance ( _! iron colonnades1 h]ald ! greatness ( fre% conque/s4 ,9 ! prov9ce ( pa9t+ !re are simil> extremes4 ,9 no o!r age h m9ds s div]se fl\ri%$ side by side z ,c>/5s & ,goya1 ,cornelius & ,corot1 ,+res & ,millet1 ,wi]tz & ,c\rbet1 ,rossetti & ,manet4 ,& ! exi/+ hi/ories excite a belief t ! n9ete5? c5tury is a *aos into :i* x is possible only = "s lat] age to br+ ord]4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 x is already q possible1 if "o only resolves uncompromis+ly to apply to ! new age ^? pr9ciples :i* h be5 te/$ 9 ! treatm5t ( ! old hi/ories ( art1 if "o endeav\rs to /udy ^? arti/s :o are 9 "p /ill our contempor>ies z objectively z ?\gh !y 7 ma/]s long dead4 ,t is to say3 "o is wont1 9 a review ( an old] p]iod 9 art1 n to inquire :at x _h caught f an e>li] age1 b r :at x _h introduc$ t 0 new4 ,x 0 n because !y imitat$ 9 _! turn t ! old ma/]s became great2 n because !y look$ backw>ds1 b r because !y w5t =w>ds1 t !y made ! hi/ory ( art4 ,we are n grateful1 = in/ance1 to ! ,dut*m5 ( ! middle ( ! sixte5? c5tury--,frans ,floris & 8 contempor>ies--t !y =sook ,dut* naturalism1 & bootlessly ex]t$ !mselves 9 ! way ( ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,raphael4 ,we c see no rem>kable m]it 9 ! fact t ! ,bolognese at ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ga!r$ _! honey f ! fl[]s ( ! ,c9quec5to4 ,& we are ev5 less incl9$ to see 9 ! contempor>ies ( ,adrian van d] ,w]ff1 :o endeav\r$ to ref9e ! rugg$1 primeval ,dut* art by ! /udy ( ! ,italians1 m ?an clumsy imitators4 ,j z mu* w ! int]e/ ( ! hi/orian ( ! art ( ! n9ete5? c5tury be be/[$ 9 ! fir/ degree ^u ! works :i* h really creat$ some?+ indep5d5t & transc5d+ all ! e>li] ages4 ,he w n give especial prom95ce to ^? doma9s :i* _h _! fl[]+-"t 9 o!r days ?an our own1 b he w ask3 ,:]e is t di/9ctive elem5t :i* app]ta9s to ! n9ete5? c5tury only8 ,:at are ! new =ms :i* x has f\nd1 ! new s5tim5ts to :i* x has giv5 expression8 ,n ^? ^: activity lay 9 clo?+--h[ev] clev]ly--! arti/ic necessities ( ! age 9 ! /ore ( already transmitt$ =ms1 b ! pa?f9d]s1 :o w5t =w>ds & creat$ anew1 require our att5tion4 ,ev5 if1 aft] ! old ma/]s1 !y c only be grant$ a place 9 ! ?ird or f\r? class1 !y mu/ nev]!less always take prec$5ce ( ^? o!rs1 because !y exhibit$ !mselves z !y 71 in/ead ( mak+ !mselves l>ge by /&+ on ! %\ld]s ( ! dead4 ,_m ( ^? :o 7 once valu$ highly1 :o1 ?riv+ on ! inh]itance ( ! pa/1 accompli%$ :at 0 app>5tly ( importance1 measur$ by ?is /&>d w ar\se little int]e/1 because _! arti/ic spee*1 dep5d+ on a f\ndation ( ! e/abli%$ canonical works ( old1 is n _! own b borr[$4 ,9 o!rs1 on ! contr>y1 :o1 ap>t f ! dom9at+ t5d5cy1 _h ! c\rage r to be insignificant1 & yet rema9 !mselves1 obs]v+ ) _! own eyes nature :i* surr\nd$ !m1 or navely ab&on+ !mselves to ! disposition ( _! arti/ic fantasy1 9 !m w be se5 ! ess5tial vehicles ( ! mod]n _s4 ,& !n x w be app>5t t ! art ( ! n9ete5? c5tury z well z t ( e e>li] p]iod _h its peculi> g>m5t1 ev5 if = (ficial occasions x pref]r$ to unpack f its w>drobe ! /ate co/umes ( e>li] ages4 ,x is only because ?is di/9ction betwe5 ! eclectic & ! p]sonal1 ! d]iv$ & ! indep5d5t1 has n yet be5 c>ri$ out ) suffici5t /rictness1 t x has hi!rto1 9 my op9ion1 be5 f\nd s difficult to discov] ! di/9ctive /yle ( mod]n art1 & to make cle> ! logic & sequ5ce ( its evolution4 ,,book ,i ,,! ,,legacy ,,( ,,! ,,eighte5? ,,c5tury ,,*apt] ,i ,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,,mod]n ,,art ,,9 ,,engl& ,if ! "q arises1 :y mod]n art has be5 compell$ to f9d expression = itself 9 a =m diff]5t f t ( ! art ( ! e>li] c5turies1 we mu/ fir/ call att5tion to ! *ange t has tak5 place 9 ! fundam5tal conditions ( society4 ,=m]ly1 ! *ief support]s ( art 7 ! two lead+ p[]s ( ,*ur* & ,k+4 ,! mo/ not$ works ( ,raphael & ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ( ,velasquez & ,murillo1 ( ,rub5s & ,van ,dyck1 7 execut$ ei!r = ! *ur*es or = ! reign+ pr9ces ( _! c\ntry4 ,! patron ( mod]n art is ! citiz54 ,! old culture ( ! cl]ics & ari/ocrats has be5 sup]s$$ by t ( ! middle classes1 & ! beg9n+s ( mod]n art mu/ !re=e be s\ght 9 ! c\ntry 9 :i* ?is class fir/ develop$ its di/9ctive "*--9 ,engl&4 ,engl&1 z e>ly z ! eighte5? c5tury1 0 already a l& ( citiz5s4 ,at a "t :5 !re 0 to be f\nd on ! ,cont95t acute mock]y ( :at 0 old & outworn1 conjo9$ ) ! mo/ en?usia/ic & joy\s fai? 9 ! future1 ! great & weal?y ,engl& _h e/abli%$ h]self 9 ! van ( ! new age4 ,"h ,voltaire saw ) a/oni%m5t = ! fir/ "t1 :5 he arriv$ 9 ,london z an exile at ! age ( ?irty-two1 ! free1 op5 life ( a great p2 "h he le>nt to "k a c\ntry :]e !re is mu* diff]5ce ( rank1 b none t is n bas$ on m]it2 :]e "o c\ld ?9k freely )\t be+ re/ra9$ by slavi% t]ror4 ,"h 0 ! idea ( a mod]n free /ate already accompli%$ at a "t :51 ^u ! ,cont95t1 ! ?und]cl\ds ( ! imp5d+ /orm h>dly ca/ _! fir/ %ad[4 ,"h ! notion ( a unit$ family life _h fir/ develop$1 ^u ! f\ndation ( a civil ord] & security4 ,"h1 !re=e1 7 fir/ brok5 d[n ^? b>ri]s ar\nd ! t]ritory ( lit]ature & art )9 :i* ! _s ( ! ,r5aissance _h rais$ its wond]ful fl[]s1 & ! road 0 begun along :i* ! n9ete5? c5tury %\ld advance4 ,simultane\sly ) ! gr[? ( ! middle classes !re arose ! ne$ = a dome/ic1 practical lit]ature4 ,books 7 requir$ :i* p c\ld read by _! fireside1 9 ! seclusion ( ! family circle1 9 c\ntry di/ricts4 ,= t1 ! /iff & antiquat$ poetry ( c\rti]s & academicians1 :i* _h hi!rto be5 p\r$ out ^u ! _w f ,france1 0 h>dly suitable4 ,to ! cold ,classicism repres5t$ by ,pope1 !re succe$$ 9 ,engli% lit]ature--f> e>li] ?an 0 ! case else:]e--! del9eation ( :at 0 imm$iately contempor>y4 ,at ! same "t t ,mdlle4 de ,scudry--:5 x 0 a "q ( describ+ ! c\rt ( ! ,great ,k+1 ! society ( ,l\is ,,xiv--felt h]self b\nd to translate h] !me into ! antique & write a ,cyrus1 ! ,engli% novel _h tak5 its motives f actual life4 ,defoe's ,rob9son ,crusoe is ! fir/ book 9 :i* man & nature are depict$ )\t ! introduction ( antique types or fairies2 ! fir/ novel 9 :i* ! details ( real life are display$1 & :at _h be5 hi!rto neglect$ is grant$ an exact del9eation4 ,at a "t :5 p 9 o!r c\ntries 7 occupi$ ) repres5tations ( ! antique1 ! ,engli% noveli/s _h emb>k$ on ! intimacy ( ! family circle4 ,aft] ,ri*>dson1 :o labori\sly yet ) animation describ$ ev]yday life1 foll[$ ,field+1 ) 8 %>p obs]vation1 homely & humor\s2 !n ,goldsmi?1 ) 8 s]5e outlook ( untr\bl$ equanimity1 8 unsurpass$ m9iatures2 ,smollett1 ) 8 crude & satirical "* sket*+2 & ! audaci\s & witty ,laur5ce ,/]ne1 :om ,nietzs*e has call$ ! mo/ gallant ( all au?ors4 ,at ! same "t trag$y1 too1 desc5d$ f ! c\rt & ! nobility into ! sph]e ( dome/ic life2 %[+ t "h too 7 significant =tunes & conflicts1 :i* /ories /rike a tru] human note ?an ^? ( k+s & h]oes4 ,pa9t+ mov$ along ! same road2 & :il/ 9 o!r c\ntries1 ) ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 ! high1 ari/ocratic art1 :i* 0 ! (fspr+ ( ! ,r5aissance1 gradually wan$1 ! plebeian pa9t+s ( ,hog>? laid ! f\ndations ( t art :i* prevail$ 9 ! b\rgeois n9ete5? c5tury4 ,engli% art _h ?is advantage 9 play+ a pione]+ "p1 t x _h no old traditions to /& 9 its way2 x _h no great pa/4 ,9 ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies ,engl& _h be5 cont5t to (f] hospitality to ,holbe9 & ,van ,dyck1 & to collect ! works ( =eign ma/]s 9 h] gall]ies4 ,h] art sprang into exi/5ce sudd5ly & unexpect$ly at ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 & !nce develop$ exclusively on native l9es4 ,s9ce ! ,engli% c\ld n lean ei!r ^u an old or a =eign model1 nor ent] into a r\nd ( subjects t _h already be5 br\ght to p]fection1 !y turn$ f ! outset q naturally into ! road :i* 0 only to be trodd5 lat] by ! o!r nations /ill 9 ! bondage ( tradition4 ,!y took up1 to a c]ta9 ext5t1 ! ?read :i* ! ,dut*1 :o appe>$ 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury z ! mo/ mod]n p 9 art1 _h let drop3 ! progressive ideas ( ,holl& _h come ov] to ,engl& ) ! glori\s revolution1 ) ,william ( ,orange & ,que5 ,anne2 :il/ 9 ,holl& itself ! ,fr5* invasion ( #afgb _h caus$ a reaction to ! c\rtly idea1 aga9/ :i* ! ,engli% took up an attitude ( consci\s & rigid prote/4 ,?is opposition is cle>ly express$ by ! ,engli% /hetic writ]s4 ,! mo/ important "n to be m5tion$ is t ( ,%aftesbury4 ,b5ea? ! fav\r ( ! c\rt 9 ,france1 he says1 art has suff]$4 ,we ,engli%m5 live 9 an age 9 :i* fre$om has aris54 ,su* a p does n require1 9 ord] t art may prosp]1 an ambiti\s k+ to bre$1 by means ( 8 p5sions1 a race ( flatt]+ ,c\rt pa9t]s4 ,our civil lib]ty af=ds u a suffici5t f\ndation1 & our lib]ty leads u to absolute v]ity 9 art4 ,?us did ,%aftesbury enunciate 8 lead+ /hetic doctr9e2 x 0 8 con/ant message1 & x 0 con/antly repeat$ ) great emphasis3 ,all beauty is tru?4 ,! se>* aft] tru? leads y to nature4 ,tru? is ! mightie/ ?+ 9 ! _w1 s9ce x ex]cises sov]eign rights ov] ! creations ( ! imag9ation4 ,b :at mu/ art be 9 ord] to produce tru?8 ,! /ricte/ imitation ( nature4 ,by ?is ^w ,%aftesbury does n und]/& :at we und]/& by ! ^w nature2 n1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 s mu* ! nature surr\nd+ u1 9 its outw>d manife/ations1 b1 above all1 an intimate human reality4 ,let ! pa9t] repres5t ! reality ( human inw>dness4 ,/ill life1 ! animal _w1 l&scape1--all t1 ,%aftesbury expla9s1 is mo/ valuable4 ,b ano!r & a high] life exi/s 9 man ?an 9 ! bea/s & ! woods1 & !re is ! true object ( art4 ,9 no case %\ld ! arti/ proce$ f ext]nal vision2 = !n he w obta9 fa%ionable attitudes1 !atrical unreality1 or1 9 ! mo/ fav\rable in/ance1 a =mal1 decorative embelli%m5t4 ,( :at value is t 9 comp>ison ) a s+le real pres5tation ( "*8 ,h[ insignificant w\ld e ext]nal =m seem 9 contra/ to ea* s+le feature ( ?is intimate mann]6 ,"h is ! second *>act]i/ic ( ,engli% pa9t+4 ,x proce$s nei!r1 l t ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 f =mulas1 nor1 l ! ,dut*1 f ! picturesque1 b1 l to ! ,engli% novel ( "*1 f an intellectual impulse2 x /rives n aft] beauty ( =m & physical1 s5su\s grace1 b1 9 ! fir/ place1 aft] intellectual expression4 ,& f ?is !re foll[s imm$iately a ?ird trait4 ,if art is to make ! inw>dness ( man its subject1 ! arti/ _c rema9 an indiff]5t portray]4 ,he w make great di/9ctions1 w br+ into prom95ce :at is m]itori\s or c5surable 9 e "*--he w become a morali/4 ,only s c he con=m to t la/ & highe/ function :i* ,%aftesbury assigns to ! pa9t]4 ,! lib]ty :i* ! ,engli% nation _h f\ght = 9 ! glori\s ,revolution br\ght =?1 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s1 :ile ,%aftesbury 0 writ+1 a fruitful crop ( dissolut5ess & lic5ce4 ,! mortification ( ! fle% ( ! ,puritans 0 foll[$ by s viol5t a recrudesc5ce ( s5suality t x 0 z ?\gh ! :ole m5ag]ie ( ! passions _h be5 un*a9$4 ,london sw>m$ ) crim9als2 drunk5ness 0 an epidemic4 ,! moral idea awoke among/ ! cultivat$ classes4 ,might x n be possible1 ) ! help ( education1 = t to be ov]come8 ,& s ,%aftesbury's view ( art compris$ a ?ird1 & v dang]\s1 elem5t2 namely1 t to fulfil ! mo/ s]i\s mission ( t culture :i* _h ensu$ f ! free & natural conditions 9 ,engl&--ev5 9 ! realm ( /hetics--! pa9t]1 l ! poet1 mu/ appe> z ! moral tea*] ( 8 age4 ,imag9e an arti/ :o fulfils ^! conditions & y h1 z a result1 ,hog>?1 ) all 8 qualities & defects4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hog>?4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself4 ,:at m>ks ! greatness ( ,hog>? is 8 fre$om f =eign & anci5t influ5ces4 ,! eighte5? c5tury came 9 z an academic age 9 art4 ,turn+ away f life1 x sp5t itself 9 allegory & ! imitation ( typical figures t _h be5 inh]it$ f ! ,r5aissance & petrifi$ into academic "w4 ,gods1 9 :om no "o any long] believ$1 hov]$1 at lea/ 9 pa9t1 ov] a race :i* 0 )\t en?usiasm4 ,!n came ,hog>?1 & 8 quick vision discov]$ ! new way4 ,he look$ out ^u ! life surr\nd+ him1 ) its manifold idiosyncrasies1 & felt himself ) pride to be ! son ( a new age1 9 :i* rigid1 conv5tional =ms 7 ev]y:]e p5etrat$ by ! mod]n ideas ( free ?\ght1 ! rights ( man1 con=mity to nature 9 morals & mann]s4 ,?is _w :i* confront$ him he depict$ truly z x 01 9 all its beauty & its ugl9ess4 ,) him 0 ! orig9 ( mod]n art4 ,be=e 8 pa9t+s & engrav+s pale idealism disappe>$4 ,x 0 he :o resolv$ & set out to br+ into ! _w a new & indep5d5t obs]vation ( life4 ,he 0 a pa9t] :o1 ) z little aid f =eign influ5ces z f ^? ( ! pa/1 w5t 8 own way & kept to x1 & devot$ 8 art1 unblemi%$ by ! pallor ( a borr[$ ideal ( beauty1 sob]ly & exclusively to ! realities ( surr\nd+ life4 ,x seem$ to me unlikely1 writes he1 t by copy+ old compositions ,i c\ld acquire facility = ^? new designs :i* 7 my fir/ & greate/ ambitions4 ,works ( old ,italian ma/]s1 arti/ic contemplations1 :i* w5t back to ,raphael & ! ,c>acci1 7 ignor$ & ridicul$ by him4 ,8 rude /r5g? ( pa9t+1 direct$ to ! liv+ tru?1 0 a prote/ aga9/ all t idealism :i* 0 ! h]itage ( ! ,r5aissance1 & _h gr[n q bomba/ic "u ! h&s ( its imitators4 ,nature1 he writes1 is simple1 pla91 & true 9 all h] works2 & ) ?is pr9ciple he has f\nd$ a /rong ,engli% s*ool on ! solid f\ndation ( tru? to nature4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hog>?4 ,,! ,,h>lot',s ,,progress1 ,,plate ,,vi4 ,an ,engli%man by bir?1 "*1 & disposition1 he depict$ 8 fell[-c\ntrym52 he made 8 sket*es 9 ! mid/ ( ! hubbub ( ! /reet4 ,8 _w is ,london1 ! _w-city1 old m]ry ,engl&1 :i*1 9 contra/ ) ! ,puritanism ( to-day1 /ill liv$ ?r\gh its gold5 age ( riot4 ,9 su* a _w--a _w exi/+ to ?is day1 only m dec5tly b]\g$--mov$ ,hog>?2 9 ! company ( w9e-bibb]s1 9 gambl+ hells1 9 rooms ( poets1 9 cell>s ( highwaym51 9 ! dea?-*amb]s ( fall5 maid5s4 ,! ,h>lot's ,progress1 :i* he produc$ 9 a s]ies ( pictures1 br\ght him 8 fir/ success4 ,he !n publi%$ fur!r s]ies ( simil> c>e]s ov] crook$ c\rses--,! ,rake's ,progress1 ,m>riage la ,mode4 ,he pa9t$ ! rabble ( ,london1 _! society & _! morals2 ^? :o w5t 9 cotton & rags & ^? 9 sat9 & silk4 ,9 8 writ+s he c5sures ! old pa9t]s pla9ly because 9 _! hi/orical /yle !y _h q pass$ ov] ! middle classes4 ,& he w5t ) great k to ^! new subjects4 ,9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 :i* possesses ! orig9als ( ,m>riage la ,mode1 "o is a/\nd$ at ! te*nical qualities ( ,hog>?'s pa9t+4 ,:oev] has be5 misl$ by ! engrav$ reproductions1 & looks = bad1 di/ort$ draw+1 may "h le>n to "k him z a pa9t] 9 ! fulle/ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,!re is no sign left ( ! defective c>icature :i* disfigures ! engrav+s2 !re is a sev]e1 unadorn$ manife/ation ( realism1 ( an art t has f ! outset root$ itself 9 mod]n life4 ,"u ! mann]s & graces ( ! age ,hog>? /&s a self-made man1 a heal?y ,anglo-,saxon p]sonality1 full ( /urdy indep5d5ce & impeccable common s5se4 ,he attracts by a %>pness ( obs]vation1 a p5etration into idiosyncrasies ( "*1 a grip ^u ! mo/ trivial *anges 9 m5's emotions & play ( features1 ! l ( :i* is to be f\nd 9 h>dly "o ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hog>?4 ,,! ,,rake',s ,,progress1 ,,plate ,,ii4 ,aga9/ ^! qualities x mu/ be und]/ood t an equal numb] ( defects is to be set (f4 ,! in>ti/ic "p ( him 0 t he foll[$ ! /hetic !ories ( ! age1 & look$ ^u art z m]ely a means to ends ali5 to itself4 ,) him pa9t+ 0 an in/rum5t to dissem9ate ! inv5tions ( 8 poetic-satiric hum\r2 x 0 a =m ( spee* to him4 ,he is n unju/ly call$ on t acc\nt a com$ian ( ! p5cil1 ! ,molire ( pa9t+4 ,we look at o!r pictures1 b 8 we read4 ,! comm5t>ies on !m are 9 "s respects ! r5d]+ back ( ! pictures into _! prop] elem5t4 ,less+ call$ ! drama 8 pulpit2 ) ,hog>? 8 art 0 a pulpit4 ,he want$1 l ,hamlet1 to hold ! mirror up to nature1 to %[ virtue h] own feature1 scorn h] own image1 & ! v age & body ( ! "t 8 =m & pressure4 ,pictures b5ea? 8 h&s became moral s]mons4 ,9 ! six pictures 9 ,! ,h>lot's ,progress1 ) :i* he />t$ 9 #agcc1 & :i* to-day1 s9ce ! orig9als h p]i%$1 c be consid]$ only 9 ! copp] engrav+s aft] !m1 all ^! attributes are recognisable4 ,m>y ,hackab\t comes innoc5t f ! c\ntry to ! t[n ) ! int5tion ( seek+ a situation z a s]vant-girl4 ,%e spe$ily falls a victim to temptation1 becomes ! mi/ress ( a ,jewi% bank]1 :om %e soon loses by h] infidelity1 desc5ds to be a ?ief1 & comes to ! "w-h\se4 ,releas$ f !re1 %e becomes ! companion ( a highwayman1 until %e ends h] pitiful life 9 a disord]ly h\se1 leav+ beh9d h] a poor crippl$ boy1 :o1 at 8 "m's fun]al1 is play+ ) a top4 ,! conclusion ( ! pa9t+s %[s h[ ! o!r wom5 bid f>ewell to ! corpse1 & buoy !mselves up = _! com+ pleasures by dr9k+ f ! _s bottle1 :i* /&s on ! c(f91 :ile ! prie/1 :o is come to give ! bless+1 ann\nces 8 visit = ! ev5+4 ,! second s]ies1 :i* is to be se5 to-day 9 ! ,soane ,museum1 describes 9 eight tableaux ! some:at simil> life ( a "y man1 ! ,rake4 ,z an ,ox=d /ud5t he has promis$ m>riage to a pretty b poor girl1 :5 sudd5ly ! dea? ( a weal?y uncle ?r[s him into ! vortex ( ,london life4 ,he wi%es to buy himself fre$om f 8 swee!>t1 b %e disda9fully refuses ! money & supports h]self & h] *ild hone/ly ) ! lab\r ( h] h&s4 ,! s$uc]1 w9n+ fame 9 ! _w ( wom5 & sport1 rapidly paces ! road to ru92 yet he repairs 8 f9ances once aga9 by a m>riage ) a ri* & "o-ey$ old lady4 ,once m on 8 feet1 he fl+s himself into games ( *ance1 & comes to ! spong+-h\se1 :i!r 8 bett] half foll[s him4 ,x is ! la/ /raw :5 a play :i* he has (f]$ to a manag] is refus$1 & he c no long] buy himself a p9t ( ale2 !re rema9s only ! f9al fall into ! mis]y ( fr5zy1 & 9 ! la/ picture we f9d him among/ ! lunatics b\nd 9 *a9s z a madman4 ,only 8 /ud5t love1 ,s>ah ,"y1 ( ,ox=d1 :om he _h treat$ s scurvily1 _c =get him1 &1 ) te>s1 seeks him out aga9 9 ! madh\se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hog>?4 ,,! ,,rake',s ,,progress1 ,,plate ,,vii4 ,! ?ird & mo/ fam\s s]ies 0 complet$ _m ye>s aft] ! ,rake--9 #agde4 ,hog>? has admitt$ly tak5 p>ticul> pa9s ) ! six oil pa9t+s ( ,m>riage la ,mode1 :i* h be5 plac$ 9 ! ,national ,gall]y2 & ^! pa9t$ novels reveal 9 /r5g? & beauty ( execution ! high-wat] m>k ( 8 "w z a pa9t]4 ,! :ole is quiet]1 simpl]1 less ov]load$ ) +5i\s accessories4 ,! impov]i%$ "l has m>ri$ 8 son1 :o is already worn out ) excesses1 to ! /rong & heal?y daught] ( a city ald]man4 ,a girl is born2 !n !y g _! sep>ate ways4 ,! husb& surprises ! wife ) a lov]1 & is /abb$ by him2 ! unfai?ful wife1 mov$ by ?is1 begs h] dy+ husb& = =giv5ess4 ,z a "y wid[1 depriv$ ( h] woman's hon\r1 %e goes back to ! b\rgeois1 ,phili/9e ennui ( h] fa!r's h\se1 & :5 %e le>ns ( h] lov]'s condemnation %e escapes f ! burd5 ( h] mis]y by means ( poison4 ,! fa!r is suffici5tly provid5t to take ! w$d+ r+ (f h] f+] be=e ! body is cold1 le/ x %\ld be /ol5 f ! corpse4 ,9 ! la/ sequ5ce ,hog>? pass$ ov] completely to ! moral s]mon & ! /udy ( crime4 ,! s]ies ,indu/ry & ,idl5ess1 9 #agdg1 0 compris$ 9 twelve %eets1 :i* he produc$ only 9 r\gh engrav+s1 z he wi%$ exclusively to influ5ce ! masses4 ,two appr5tices ent] a clo?-weav+ bus9ess at ! same "t1 ( :om "o rises1 ?r\gh 8 zeal = ! int]e/s ( ! bus9ess1 to a m>riage ) 8 ma/]'s beautiful daught]1 to ! rank ( ald]man1 & f9ally to be ,"l ,mayor ( ,london4 ,! idle appr5tice gr[s1 on ! d[n grade1 f a gambl] into a vagabond4 ,he is transport$1 comes back aga91 & ends on ! scaffold4 ,! two comrades meet = ! la/ "t :5 ! hone/ man ann\nces 8 dea?-w>rant to ! knave4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hog>?4 ,,! ,,rake',s ,,progress1 ,,plate ,,viii4 ,g>rick1 z we c see f 8 epitaph on ,hog>?1 has n unju/ly *>act]is$ 8 art1 9 ^! words-- ,f>ewell1 great pa9t] ( mank9d6 ,:o rea*$ ! noble/ po9t ( art1 ,^: pictur$ morals *>m ! m9d1 ,& ?r\gh ! eye correct ! he>t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hog>?4 ,,m>riage ,,la ,,mode1 ,,plate ,v4 ,hog>? pa9t$ /irr+ & humor\s sc5es1 full ( effective morality1 ) :i* he s\ght to *e]1 t]rify1 & improve humanity4 ,8 five-act trag$ies end always ) ! triumph ( ,virtue & ! puni%m5t ( ,vice4 ,z "o ( 8 contempor>ies said1 he ex]cis$ ! art ( hang+ 9 col\rs4 ,! twelve plates ( ! p>allel biographies ( ,indu/ry & ,idl5ess he employ$ z an illu/rat$ weekly s]mon = ! b5efit ( ! work+ classes1 & he 0 able to obs]ve ) satisfaction t !y _h an actual influ5ce on ! conduct ( ! p1 z in/anc$ 9 ! dim9ution ( g9 %ops4 ,yet = all t1 9 ! elevation ( public morality1 ! highe/ aim ( art is n1 z ,g>rick ass]t$1 fulfill$4 ,:o has ev] se5 su* a pa9t]8 ,w\ld he be a pa9t]8 ,x is exactly by ?is moralis+ ) ! bru% t ,hog>? /&s 9 su* abrupt opposition to 8 pr$ecessors1 ! ,dut*4 ,!y 7 pa9t]s1 no?+ b pa9t]s1 & 9 _! pa9t+ reckon$ on eyes :i* c\ld appreciate _! pictorial subtilty4 ,man 0 = !m a pat* ( col\r2 ! real delight ( _! eyes 0 ! ri* light t came mell[$ ?r\gh ! %ad[s1 & play$ ^u ! ruff$ g>m5ts & ! clumsy =ms4 ,) ,hog>?1 9 ! place ( ! idea ( col\r1 ! anecdote is br\ght 94 ,he saw ! _w n s mu* ) ! eyes ( ! pa9t]1 z ) ^? ( ! physician1 ! crim9ologi/1 ! pa/or4 ,! famili> elem5t1 t s]5e & com=table obs]vation ( an ev]yday occurr5ce ^u :i* ,dut* art 0 bas$1 has altoge!r disappe>$ 9 8 pictures4 ,he did n pa9t because some?+ pictorial urg$ him1 b saw 9 m5 ! actors ( ! p>ts :i* he _h 9 8 m9d4 ,?is dep>ture f ! purely picturesque is 9 "p expla9$ by ! pr$om9ance ( lit]ature 9 ,engl& at t "t4 ,9 a c\ntry :]e ! trag$y ( famili> life z well z ! dome/ic novel _h aris5 !re 0 imm95t p]il t a "y s*ool ( pa9t+ work+ )\t traditions %\ld bran* (f also on to ^? l9es4 ,hog>? desir$ to give pa9t+ a new mann]2 he seiz$ ^u :at 0 epic or dramatic1 & pa9t$ ! pictorial c\nt] p>ts to ,smollett's & ,ri*>dson's novels4 ,9 ! age ( enlight5m5t ! pa9t] makes way = ! writ]4 ,) ?is idea he himself wrote3 ,i h endeav\r$ to treat my subjects z a dramatic writ]2 my picture is my /age1 my m5 & wom5 my play]s1 :o1 by means ( c]ta9 actions & ge/ures1 are to exhibit a dumb %[4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hog>?4 ,,! ,,enrag$ ,,musician4 ,moreov]1 to expla9 ! gr[? ( ?is sort ( lit]>y hybrid1 "o is =c$ to consid] ! *ang$ conditions "u :i* pa9t+ 0 introduc$ into ,engl& at l>ge4 ,art1 :i* hi!rto _h %one =? h] en*antm5t ^u ! few1 0 conduct$ f ! fir/ 9 free ,engl& along ! broad road ( popul>ity1 & giv5 ov] to a public :i* _h to be educat$ to art by degrees2 & ?is admission ( ! mass ( ! p to ! enjoym5t ( art1 9 a proportion hi!rto unhe>d (1 mu/ inevitably h a retrogressive effect ^u pa9t+ itself4 ,in/ead ( ! e>li] amateur ( really di/+ui%$ culture1 !re /ood ! ,p4 ,b j z 9 ! ,middle ,ages works ( art 7 se5 to be a sort ( picture-writ+ = ! p--picturis eruditur populus1 said ,gregory ! ,great1--s n[ ! new patrons c\ld h>dly require o!r ?an ^? works ( art 9 :i* a /ory 0 pictorially told4 ,^! c\ld be und]/ood ev5 by ! man ^: und]/&+ 0 o!rwise :olly clos$ to matt]s ( art2 & h5ce x came ab\t t almo/ all ! g5re pa9t]s--= v ne>ly a c5tury--foll[$ ) m or less intellig5ce 9 ! foot/eps ( ,hog>?4 ,to treat him1 z is frequ5tly done1 because ( ?is popul>isation ( art1 because ( ?is trans=mation ( ! picture into ! picture /ory1 z a patt]n in/ance ( ta/elessness1 w\ld lead to v dang]\s consequ5ces1 & %\ld be ! less employ$ because ,hog>?'s pictures are1 at lea/1 comp>atively well pa9t$1 :]eas _m ( 8 successors c\ld escape ! deluge only 9 ! ,noah's ,ark ( _! tal5t = n>ration4 ,:at ,hog>? c\ld d :5 he put (f ! s*oolma/]1 he has %[n moreov] 9 8 portraits4 ,!re he is an entirely great pa9t]4 ,8 pictures h none ( t ,van ,dyck elegance1 :i* _h become ! mode 9 ,engl& be=e him2 !y are robu/1 crude1 ,anglo-,saxon1 /rongly & broadly pa9t$ )al1 sket*es1 9 ! be/ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,8 ,%rimp ,girl1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 = in/ance1 is a ma/]piece to :i* ! n9ete5? c5tury c h>dly produce a rival4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( pa9t+ x is notori\s t ! latt] half ( ! la/ c5tury belongs especially to portraiture1 & "h ! ,engli% occupy ! fir/ rank4 ,nei!r ,hog>? nor ,reynolds nor ,ga9sbor\gh 0 a g5ius l ,titian1 ,velasquez1 or ev5 ,frans ,hals4 ,_! art is n to be comp>$ ) t ( ! greate/ ( all portrait pa9t]s1 b !y surpass$ all ! pa9t]s ( ! eighte5? c5tury2 !y 7 n only ! greate/ 9 ,engl& s9ce ,van ,dyck1 b ! fir/ portrait pa9t]s 9 ,europe at ! "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hog>?4 ,,g9 ,,lane4 ,reynolds & ,ga9sbor\gh liv$ almo/ at ! same p]iod4 ,! =m]1 born 9 #agbc1 di$ 9 #agib2 ! latt]1 born 9 #agbg1 di$ 9 #aghh4 ,!y _h z models m5 & wom5 ( ! same society4 ,!y w5t ! same road1 side by side4 ,_m celebrities /ray$ f "o /udio to ! o!r1 & 7 pa9t$ by ,reynolds z well z by ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,^! are j ! pictures :i* %[ u s di/9ctly h[ widely ! two1 :o 7 usually m5tion$ 9 ! same brea?1 diff]$ f ea* o!r 9 spite ( hav+ gr[n up on ! same soil4 ,ev5 _! outw>d man displays ?is dissimil>ity4 ,reynolds appe>s 9 8 ,portrait ( ,himself 9 ! ,uffizzi ,gall]y at ,flor5ce1 9 ! r$ mantle ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,academy1 ! (ficial cap on 8 head1 :ile ! h& re/+ on ! table holds a copy ( 8 ,disc\rses2 close by is a bu/ ( ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,! complexion is t ( a man :o sits mu* )9 doors4 ,a pair ( spectacles ) l>ge1 r\nd glasses leads "o to conclude t he injur$ 8 eyesight e>ly ) mu* read+4 ,ga9sbor\gh1 ) 8 ref9$ ,roman nose1 ! haughty1 curv$ s5su\s lips1 & ! expression ( 8 face :i* speaks at once ( innoc5ce & ref9em5t1 gives an impression f> m ?an ,reynolds ( ! *ild ( nature & ! g5tleman4 ,8 *eeks are fre% & r ruddy2 a dep? ( s\l lies )9 ! l>ge blue eyes1 t are some:at melan*oly1 yet h su* a free outlook ^u life4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself4 ,jo%ua ,reynolds' fa!r 0 a cl]gyman1 a mo/ le>n$ man1 :o kept a ,lat9 s*ool4 ,he gave ! boy1 x is record$1 t mo/ uncommon ,*ri/ian "n1 = ! rem>kable reason t he hop$ !reby to draw ! att5tion ( a great p]sonage1 :o bore ! same "n1 t[>ds 8 "y namesake4 ,8 son 0 to become a physician4 ,b books on o!r subjects :i* he read at 8 desk at s*ool made a great] impression on ! boy4 ,9 ! well kn[n ,treatise on ,pa9t+1 by ,ri*>dson1 he discov]$ 8 vocation4 ,f ! p]usal ( ?is book he develop$ a ta/e = ?+s arti/ic1 /udi$ ! works on p]spective ( ,pat] ,pozzo1 read ev]y?+ he c\ld f9d on art1 & copi$ z a prelim9>y all t fell into 8 h&s 9 ! way ( woodcuts & copp] engrav+s4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ draw+s :i* rema9 f 8 *ildhood repres5ts ! int]ior ( a libr>y4 ,at ! age ( n9ete5 he came to ,london to a well-kn[n ma/]1 ,hudson1 ! fav\rite pa9t] ) ! g5try ( ! day1 :o requir$ #abj ) a pupil4 ,he 0 already conv9c$ t only 9 ,london c\ld he f9d ! means to atta9 fame1 & ev5 z e>ly z #agdd he took a f9e e/abli%m5t & kept op5 h\se 9 ord] to attract att5tion4 ,he 0 soon 9 a position to complete 8 arti/ic education by means ( resid5ce 9 ,italy4 ,9 #agdf he _h pa9t$ ! portrait ( a ,capta9 ,keppel1 :o %ortly aft]w>ds 0 appo9t$ ,commodore ( ! ,m$it]ranean squadron1 & invit$ ! "y pa9t] to g = a cruise 9 8 %ip4 ,!y sail$ 9 #agdi1 & ,reynolds 0 able to sp5d ?ree ye>s 9 ,italy4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,reynolds4 ,,mrs ,,siddons4 ,8 fir/ impression 0 "o ( bitt] disappo9tm5t4 ,:]e 0 t ri* col\r+ 9 ! ,italian classics :i* he _h be5 l$ to expect f ,engli% mezzot9ts8 ,ev]y?+ /ruck him z lifeless1 pale1 insipid4 ,:]eupon he affect$ ! op9ion t !re 0 no m to be se5 9 ,rome4 ,raphael1 9 p>ticul>1 appe>$ to him to be a m$iocre pa9t]1 :om only a rem>kable *ance _h br\ght to su* a pit* ( fame4 ,surr\nd$ by ! great ma/]pieces ( ! ,c9quec5to1 he employ$ himself 9 draw+ c>icatures1 & made a sort ( trave/y ( ! ,s*ool ( ,a!ns1 9 :i* he drew c>icatures ( ! ,engli% colony 9 ,rome at t "t1 9 ! attitudes ( figures 9 ! pictures ( ,raphael4 ,b he v spe$ily *ang$ 8 op9ion1 & began to foll[ ! pa?s ( ! great dead4 ,he w5t indefatigably ?r\gh ! gall]ies ( ,rome1 f ,rub5s to ,titian1 f ,correggio to ,guido & ,raphael4 ,he /udi$ s h>d 9 ! ,vatican1 t he took a *ill 9 ! cold rooms1 :i* left him all 8 life a little deaf4 ,t soj\rn at ,rome 0 to ,reynolds :at1 a hundr$ ye>s lat]1 8 visit to ,spa9 0 to ,l5ba*4 ,he _h already at ,hudson's acquir$ great facility z a copyi/1 & ( ,gu]c9o1 9 p>ticul>1 he _h made num]\s copies4 ,dur+ ?is ,italian t\r1 h[ev]1 he became ! greate/ connoisseur ( old ma/]s t ! eighte5? c5tury possess$4 ,x is relat$ t ! ,*evali] ,van ,loo1 :5 he 0 9 ,engl& 9 #agfc1 vaunt$ himself "o day1 9 ,reynolds' pres5ce1 ^u 8 unfail+ discrim9ation 9 tell+ a copy f an orig9al4 ,:]eupon ,reynolds %[$ him "o ( 8 own /udies ( a head1 aft] ,rembr&t4 ,! ,*evali] judg$ x to be1 indisputably1 a ma/]piece by ! great ,dut*man4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,dr4 ,,johnson ,he left ,rome 9 ,april #ageb1 & made a fur!r visit to ,naples1 to ! cities ( ,tuscany1 & to ,v5ice4 ,! c>eless notes ( travel t he made on ?is j\rney %[ ! cle> insight :i* he _h atta9$ into ! ,italian s*ools4 ,!y all deal ) que/ions ( te*nique1 on effects ( light & %ad[1 on ! my/]y ( *i>oscuro4 ,= ,titian1 9 p>ticul>1 he _h an extravagant devotion1--he w\ld ru9 himself1 he said1 if he might only possess "o ( ! great works ( ,titian4 ,:5 he return$ to ,engl& 9 #ageb1 at ! age ( ?irty1 8 tal5t 0 fully develop$1 & ! connoisseurs 7 unanim\s 9 hail+ him z a new ,van ,dyck4 ,) ! portrait ( ,miss ,gunn+1 aft]w>ds ! ,du*ess ( ,hamilton1 he appe>$ 9 #agec z a p[] 9 ,engli% art4 ,z e>ly z #agee1 :5 ,hog>? 0 compell$ to give up portrait pa9t+ = lack ( patrons1 "o hundr$ & tw5ty-five p]sons sat = ,reynolds1 & aft] t ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty p 7 pa9t$ by him annually2 & ?is br\ght him 9 a ye>ly income ( ab\t #af1jjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,g>rick ,,z ,,abel ,,drugg]4 ,at fir/ he took up 8 qu>t]s 9 ,/4 ,m>t9's ,lane1 :i* 0 !n ! mo/ fa%ionable place ( resid5ce = arti/s2 b 9 #agfj he b\ght a h\se1 ,no4 #dg ,leice/] ,squ>e1 ! mo/ select qu>t] ( ,london1 & furni%$ x ) ! mo/ palatial spl5d\r4 ,! /udio1 :i* he built = himself1 0 z l>ge z a ballroom1 & furni%$ ) a q mod]n luxury4 ,! l>ge corridor t l$ to x _h a gall]y ( pictures by old ma/]s4 ,x 0 ! age ( ! great lit]>y & dramatic revival 9 ,engl&4 ,g>rick /ood at ! z5i? ( 8 popul>ity1 ,burke _h already made himself a "n1 ,johnson _h produc$ 8 ,diction>y1 ,ri*>dson _h rea*$ ! summit ( 8 fame1 ,smollett _h writt5 ,p]egr9e ,pickle1 ,gray _h attract$ notice by 8 v]se4 ,all ^! & o!rs :o set ! vogue 9 lit]ature & ! drama1 ! pr9cipal figures 9 politics1 ! lead]s ( fa%ion1 l\ng$ 9 t luxuri\s /udio & gossip$ ) ,reynolds ( ! !atre1 bo? be=e & beh9d ! sc5es1 ( ! do+s 9 ,p>liam5t & ! sc&al ( ! ,c\rt1 ( lit]ature & ( art4 ,at ! "t :5 ,goldsmi? 0 putt+ ! f9i%+ t\*es to 8 ,travels he 0 a gue/ ( ! h\se4 ,gibbon1 ! hi/orian1 & ,/]ne1 ^: ,s5tim5tal ,j\rney 0 j !n ! talk ( ! t[n1 sp5t _! vacant h\rs ) him2 & ,burke z well1 :ile he discuss$ ) him 8 treatise on ! ,sublime & ! ,beautiful4 ,all ^! claim$ a ni*e 9 ,reynolds' portrait gall]y1 :]e all ! tal5ts 7 met toge!r4 ,! :ole ,engli% nobility also flock$ to him4 ,= =ty ye>s onw>ds f #ageb x 0 consid]$ ! prop] ?+ to be pa9t$ by him4 ,8 pictures 7 multipli$ imm$iately at ! h&s ( ! engrav]s4 ,9 ! complete catalogue ( ,reynolds' works1 ,hamilton c\nts1 s f> back z #ahbj1 no few] ?an #fge plates1 engrav$ aft] ,reynolds by m ?an a hundr$ arti/s1 & among/ ^! ! mezzot9ts ( ,samuel ,c\s9s are by f> ! f9e/4 ,only an incr$ible indu/ry1 enabl+ him = a long succession ( ye>s to pa9t almo/ )\t int]mission ) a facility & regul>ity l t ( ,rub5s1 r5d]$ x possible = ,reynolds to complete1 exclusive ( portraits1 q a numb] ( religi\s & my?ological pictures1 ( :i* he himself 0 especially pr\d4 ,he pa9t$ ) great spe$ & dext]ity1 rose v e>ly1 breakfa/$ at n9e o'clock1 0 9 8 /udio punctually at t52 & !re till elev5 he work$ on pictures :i* _h be5 comm5c$4 ,on ! /roke ( elev5 ! fir/ sitt] arriv$1 :o 0 succe$$ by ano!r an h\r lat]4 ,?us he pa9t$ till f\r o'clock1 :5 he made 8 toilette1 & !nce=w>d belong$ to society1 = 9 spite ( 8 s*ol>ly temp]am5t "o c by no means consid] ,reynolds z a solit>y ecc5tric4 ,al?\gh he rema9$ a ba*elor aft] ,angelica ,kauffmann _h decl9$ 8 h&1 8 h\se 0 a c5tral ga!r+-po9t = noble ,london4 ,he gave balls to :i* ! :ole ( ,society 0 invit$1 & drove 9 a magnific5t c>riage1 ) coa*m5 9 blue & silv] liv]ies4 ,! ,lit]>y ,club 0 f\nd$ at 8 in/igation1 :]e ) ,johnson1 ,burke1 ,goldsmi?1 ,gibbon1 & ,g>rick he %>$ 9 conv]sation bo? pr(\nd & brilliant4 ,he 0 made a b>onet1 & :5 ! ,royal ,academy 0 f\nd$ 9 #agfh1 became its fir/ presid5t4 ,! d9n]s ( ! ,academy1 :i* he organis$ at ! di/ribution ( prizes1 play a "p 9 ! hi/ory ( ,engli% cook]y4 ,reynolds _h promis$ t on ea* ( ^! reunions he w\ld speak on "s "q ( art4 ,9 ?is mann] orig9at$1 dur+ 8 tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( (fice1 ^? fifte5 disc\rses ^u pa9t+ :i* %[ ! highe/ result ( 8 lit]>y en]gy4 ,!y 7 n 8 maid5 essays4 ,z f> back z #ageh ,johnson _h invit$ him to publi% an article ^u ,art 9 a j\rnal :i* he _h f\nd$1 ,! ,idl]4 ,9 #agha he made a j\rney ?r\gh ,holl& & ,fl&]s1 ^u :i*1 anticipat+ ,from5t91 he wrote an exce$+ly f9e book4 ,9 8 ,disc\rses s high a degree ( lit]>y tal5t 0 display$ t !y 7 at "o "t said to be ! "w ( ,johnson or ,burke4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,heads ,,( ,,angels4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,samuel ,,ri*>dson4 ,!y are /hetic treatises & essays 9 ! hi/ory ( art1 ( an endur+ value4 ,orig9at+ f a va/ insight1 & express$ 9 a precise /yle1 !y treat ( ! laws ( classic art1 ! v>iation 9 /yles1 ! causes ( ! f9e/ bloom 9 art4 ,c]ta9ly eclecticism is prea*$ too4 ,! mod]n arti/1 x is decl>$1 c only /& on ! %\ld]s ( 8 =ebe>s4 ,! great ,italians mu/ be 8 models1 & ( ^! ! greate/ is ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,8 la/ essay closes ) ^! words3 ,i reflect1 n )\t vanity1 t ^! disc\rses be> te/imony ( my admiration ( t truly div9e man1 & ,i %\ld desire t ! la/ words :i* ,i %\ld pron\nce 9 ?is ,academy1 & f ?is place1 might be ! "n ( ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,:5 he di$1 8 fri5d ,edmund ,burke wrote 9 ! fun]al oration :i* he d$icat$ to him3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds 01 on _m acc\nts1 "o ( ! mo/ memorable m5 ( 8 "t4 ,he 0 ! fir/ ,engli%man :o add$ ! praise ( ! elegant arts to ! o!r glories ( 8 c\ntry4 ,9 ta/e1 9 grace1 9 facility1 9 happy inv5tion1 & 9 ! ri*ness & h>mony ( col\r+1 he 0 equal to ! greate/ ma/]s ( ! r5[n$ ages4444 ,9 full afflu5ce ( =eign & dome/ic fame1 admir$ by ! exp]t 9 art & by ! le>n$ 9 sci5ce1 c\rt$ by ! great1 c>ess$ by sov]eign p[]s & celebrat$ by di/+ui%$ poets1 444 ! loss ( no man ( 8 "t c be felt ) m s9c]e1 g5]al1 & unmix$ sorr[4 ,he 0 buri$ ) great pomp 9 ,/4 ,paul's ,ca!dral4 ,! pictures left unf9i%$ at 8 dea? fet*$ at auction #cg1jjj2 ! :ole =tune :i* he left is e/imat$ at #hj1jjj4 ,! biography ( ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh reads q diff]5tly4 ,! travell] :o rides f ,london to ,birm+ham passes ?r\gh "s ( ! faire/ sc5]y 9 ! isl&4 ,he f9ds himself 9 ! he>t ( fre% & t5d] ,engli% nature4 ,small rivulets fl[ ?r\gh ! g5tly undulat+ c\ntry4 ,wide mead[s clo! ! s(t holl[s 9 ! valleys ) abundant gre54 ,9 grassy enclosures de] & roes are fe$+2 !y pu% =w>ds inquisitively z ! tra9 passes4 ,fragrant l9d5 trees rise dreamily 9 ! suave1 p>k-l l&scape1 ?r\gh :i* ! ,/\r w9ds along l a rib& ( silv]4 ,on ! bank ( ?is en*ant+ /ream ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh1 ! son ( a simple clo?i]1 0 born4 ,reynolds' vocation _h be5 br\ght ab\t ?r\gh ! p]usal ( a book4 ,9 ! sc5]y & ! woods t 7 9 ! neighb\rhood ( 8 home1 ,ga9sbor\gh1 :o 0 s alive to all ! beauty ( nature1 receiv$ ! decisive impression ( 8 life4 ,"h he roam$ z a boy1 :ile he neglect$ 8 s*ool lessons4 ,tom w be hung "s day1 reflect$ 8 s*oolma/]2 ,tom w be a g5ius1 ?\ght 8 p>5ts4 ,he sket*$ ! p>ks & ca/les ( ! neighb\rhood4 ,9 8 lat] life he us$ to say t !re 0 no picturesque old tree trunk1 no mead[ or woodl& glade or /ream )9 a f\r-mile radius ( ,sudbury1 t he did n reta9 a recollection ( f 8 *ildi% ye>s4 ,l ,con/able1 :5 he 0 an old man1 he /ill ?\ght ) gratitude ( 8 home1 ( all t beauty ^u :i* he _h look$1 & :i* _h made him a pa9t]4 ,"h1 9 ! gre5 woods & fre% pa/ures ( 8 bir?place1 he tra9$ himself4 ,at ! age ( t5 he 0 a pa9t]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,miss ,,reynolds4 ,a soj\rn ( f\r ye>s 9 ,london seems to h add$ little to 8 ability4 ,elegant 9 8 mann]s1 lively 9 8 conv]sation1 a born g5tleman1 he might h become completely ! man ( fa%ion4 ,b he 0 f> too diffid5t1 ) 8 nave simplicity1 to =ce himself among/ ! />s ( ! _w ( art 9 ,london1 f> too di/+ui%$ & retir+ to jo9 9 ! race aft] ! fav\r ( ! public1 & s at ! age ( eighte5 he return$ to 8 native place ) ! un5c\rag+ prospect ( play+ ! "p ( a simple pa9t] 9 ! prov9ces4 ,fir/ & la/1 ! woods rema9$ 8 *ief delight4 ,"o morn+1 z he 0 pa9t+ !re1 he look$ up f 8 easel & saw a "y & beautiful girl 9 a light summ] dress1 peep+ coquetti%ly f beh9d ! trunk ( a tree4 ,%e blu%$1 he spoke to h] %yly4 ,soon aft]w>ds ,m>g>et ,burr became 8 wife1 & ! :ole hi/ory ( 8 life ) h] rema9s a *>m+ idyll1 l ! spr+ morn+ on :i* he made h] acqua9tance4 ,m>ri$ at ! age ( n9ete51 he in/all$ himself at ,ipswi*1 8 wife's native place1 & !re he sp5t fifte5 ye>s 9 great happ9ess1 firm 9 ! conviction t he w\ld end 8 days !re4 ,!re he pa9t$ 8 fir/ portraits1 :i*1 f #agfa1 7 =w>d$ by a c>ri]'s c>t to ,london = exhibition 9 ! ,royal ,academy4 ,f ,ipswi* he w5t to ,ba?1 ! fa%ionable wat]+-place1 :]e he pa9t$ ! visitors :o came 9 ! summ] = ! cure4 ,f9ally1 9 ! end 8 portraits met ) approval 9 ,london4 ,t gave him c\rage 9 #agfd to proce$ ?i!r himself2 & !re he took v mode/ rooms4 ,on 8 arrival he 0 z yet v little kn[n2 he came f ! prov9ces1 :i* he _h till !n nev] left1 at a "t :5 ,reynolds /ood at ! p9nacle ( 8 fame1 & _h visit$ ,italy & ,spa94 ,yet he gradually won a reputation4 ,frankl9 0 "o ( ! fir/ to sit to him4 ,soon he became ! fav\rite pa9t] ( ! k+ & ! royal family4 ,george ,,iii 0 pa9t$ eight times by him1 ,pitt sev5 times1 ,g>rick five4 ,"l ,*ancellor ,camd51 ,sir ,william ,black/one1 ,johnson1 ,laur5ce ,/]ne1 ,ri*>dson1 ,burke1 ,%]idan1 ,mrs4 ,graham1 ,lady ,montagu1 ,mrs4 ,siddons1 ,lady ,v]non1 ,lady ,mayn>d1 & ! names ( _m o!r celebrities & beauties are b\nd up ) 84 ,8 life-"w1 exclud+ sket*es1 consi/s ( no m ?an ?ree hundr$ pictures1 ( :i* two hundr$ & tw5ty are portraits--a v small numb] 9 comp>ison ) ! f\r ?\s& pa9t+s ( ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh pa9t$ irregul>ly4 ,ev5 :5 he 0 9 8 /udio he might be se5 /&+ = h\rs gaz+ out ( 8 w9d[ dreamily at ! grass4 ,9 o!r features ( 8 life too he 0 equally diff]5t f ,reynolds3 unacc\ntably1 he 0 "o mom5t a brilliant1 animat$ companion1 ! next plung$ 9 melan*oly4 ,he dream$ mu*1 :ile ,reynolds pa9t$ & wrote4 ,9 ! ev5+s he usually sat at home ) 8 de> little wife1 complet$ no treatises or disc\rses on 8 art1 b made sket*es or sometimes music4 ,reynolds 0 a s*ol>-pa9t]1 ,ga9sbor\gh a pa9t]-musician4 ,x 0 said ( him t he pa9t$ portraits = money & l&scapes = amusem5t1 b t he made music because he ne$s mu/4 ,he collect$ musical in/rum5ts z ,reynolds did a libr>y4 ,ev5 9 8 pictures he gives 8 p1 = pref]5ce1 viol9s 9 _! h&s4 ,to ! ,musical ,club :i* he _h f\nd$ 9 ,ipswi* he rema9$ fai?ful all 8 life1 & 9 t neighb\rhood1 or 9 ,ri*mond or ,hamp/ead1 he sp5t ! summ] e ye>4 ,"h amid/ t gre5 nature x 0 also 8 wi% to be buri$4 ,8 fun]al 0 a v quiet "o4 ,9 ! peaceful gravey>d at ,kew1 ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh sleeps tranquilly "u ! %ady will[s1 f> f ! noise & tumult ( ! great city4 ,sir ,jo%ua said at 8 grave3 ,%\ld ,engl& ev] become s fruitful 9 tal5t t we c v5ture to speak ( an ,engli% s*ool1 !n w ,ga9sbor\gh's "n be h&$ d[n to po/]ity z "o ( ! fir/4 ,yes1 "o might say to-day1 z ! fir/ ( all4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,edmund ,,burke4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,mrs4 ,,ab+ton4 ,jo%ua ,reynolds is c]ta9ly a great pa9t]1 & des]ves ! high v5]ation 9 :i* 8 compatriots hold him4 ,x is n )\t a c]ta9 awe t1 9 ! ,diploma ,gall]y ( ! ,royal ,academy1 "o c look ^u ! arm*air t he us$ dur+ 8 sitt+s1 ^u :i* all :o 7 fam\s 9 eighte5?-c5tury ,engl& h sat4 ,reynolds is "o ( ! greate/ ,engli% portrait pa9t]s1 &1 resembl+ mo/ ! classical ma/]s1 %[$ 9 ! highe/ degree ! qualities we admire 9 !m4 ,8 col\r+ is ( an amaz+ s(tness1 dep?1 & /r5g?2 8 *i>oscuro is w>m & vapor\s4 ,!re are portraits by him :i*1 9 ! subtlety ( _! tone1 resemble ! be/ ( ,rembr&t's2 o!rs1 ^: noble col\r+ approa*es ! *ef-d'oeuvres ( ,van ,dyck4 ,ma/] ( ! :ole me*anism ( ! human body1 he possess$ 9 ! highe/ degree ! r>e art ( sett+ p]sons surely & uncon/ra9$ly on _! feet4 ,8 portraits are pictures2 "o ne$s no :it to be acqua9t$ ) ! p]sons !y repres5t2 !y satisfy z works ( art 9 !mselves1 & z psy*ological /udies by a man :o _h ! capacity ( s\nd+ ! dep?s ( ! human he>t4 ,! complete catalogue ( all ^? :o sat = ,sir ,jo%ua dur+ ! space ( half a c5tury =ms an un9t]rupt$ comm5t>y on ! contempor>y hi/ory ( ,engl&4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,edmund ,,malone4 ,!re we see ! skilful portrait ( ,/]ne1 ) 8 look ( witty mock]y2 ! m>vell\s ,bohemian1 ,oliv] ,goldsmi?1 :o ev5 !n _h ! manuscript ( 8 ,vic> ( ,wakefield 9 8 pocket2 ,johnson1 :o1 9 "o1 sits at 8 writ+-table1 on :i* /&s an ink-pot & a volume ( 8 ,engli% ,diction>y1 & 9 ano!r is pe]+ into a book ) 8 %ort-sight$ eyes screw$ up tightly1 & 8 :ole po/ure awkw>d & unwieldy4 ,g>rick1 :o w5t f "o /udio to ! o!r1 appe>s also m ?an once 9 ,reynolds' portrait gall]y4 ,among/ 8 portraits ( milit>y dignit>ies1 t ( ,g5]al ,"l ,hea?field1 ! fam\s def5d] ( ,gibralt>1 :om he pa9t$ 9 full uni=m1 is "o ( ! mo/ noticeable4 ,/rong z a rock he /&s !re1 ) ! key ( ! =tress 9 8 h&4 ,:at a contra/ betwe5 ^! figures & ^? ( ! contempor>y ,fr5* portraits6 ,!re1 ^? fri5dly & smil+ m9i/]s1 ^? gallant & da9ty ecclesia/ics1 ^? sc5t$1 graceful m>quises1 :o move ) su* elegant ease ab\t ! p>quet floor1 & f ^: faces a uni=m ref9em5t has eras$ all ! r\ghness ( individuality2 "h1 expressive1 ?\ghtful heads1 *>act]s h>d5$ 9 ! s*ool ( life1 _m ( ! faces co>se & bloat$1 ! glance tell+ ( cold resolution1 ! attitude full ( self-reliant dignity & gn>l$1 plebeian pride4 ,! same b\rgeois elem5t pr$om9ates 9 ! pictures ( ! ladies4 ,van ,dyck's noble1 em95tly intellectual figures always wore ! glam\r ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,9 ! backgr\nd an arti/ically arrang$ curta91 a column1 or ! view ( ! quiet av5ues ( "s broad p>k4 ,f ,reynolds we get /rong active wom5 9 _! ev]yday clo!s1 & ) ?\ghtful c\nt5ances3 good mo!rs1 surr\nd$ by _! *ildr51 :om !y kiss & enfold 9 a t5d] embrace4 ,! idea ( half-symbolical repres5tation has vani%$1 & 9 its place is introduc$ ! idea ( home & ! family4 ,! pictures ( *ildr5 by ?is *ildless old ba*elor 7 an arti/ic revelation to ! exi/+ g5]ation1 & are ! delight ( ! _w ( to-day4 ,9 o!r portraits ( ladies1 t noticeable *>act]i/ic ( ! ,engli% nation1 _! pr$ilection = dome/ic animals & = sport1 f9ds an expression4 ,! beautiful ,du*ess ( ,devon%ire he pa9t$ z %e g5tly re/ra9$ ) h] f+] h] little daught]'s c>esses1 :i* w\ld fa9 h disord]$ h] coiffure2 a :ole gall]y ( noble ladies he repres5t$ fe$+ _! p\ltry or pett+ _! lap-dogs2 ,lady ,sp5c] 9 h] rid+-habit1 h] :ip 9 h] h&1 h] horse re9$ 91 h] *eeks flu%$ f h] gallop4 ,nelly ,o',bri5 looks an actress1 a woman :o turn$ m5's heads1 & %e does x /ill to-day 9 ,reynolds' picture4 ,!re lurks some?+ enigmatic1 p]plex+ 9 ! smile ( ?is sph9x--only ,monna ,lisa _h su* a smile1 b ,nelly's eyes are deep]1 m desir\s4 ,"o feels t 9 ! ?ree c5turies s9ce ,monna ,lisa love has tak5 on a new & subtl] nuance4 ,! portrait ( ,mrs4 ,siddons is ! mo/ fam\s ( ! pictures ( actresses :i* ,reynolds pa9t$1 & ,mrs4 ,siddons1 ( all ! wom5 ( t "t1 is ! "o ^: portrait occupi$ ! pa9t]s mo/4 ,%e 0 ! daught] ( ,rog] ,kemble1 ! actor1 & si/] ( t pretty actress1 ,mrs4 ,twiss1 ^: portrait by ,reynolds 79 #aghd7 we also h1 & ( ! fam\s ,john ,philip ,kemble1 :o figures s (t5 9 ! portrait gall]y ( ,lawr5ce1 z ,hamlet1 ,cato1 ,coriolanus1 ,ri*>d ,,iii1 etc4 ,born to ! bo>ds1 z x 71 %e _h1 :5 /ill a *ild1 jo9$ h] p>5ts on _! ,!spian pilgrimages1 & _h _h _m engagem5ts 9 ! prov9ces1 at ,birm+ham1 ,man*e/]1 & ,ba?1 be=e %e 0 recruit$ by ! playwright ,%]idan = ! ,drury ,lane company 9 ,london4 ,%e made h] db !re on #aj? ,octob] #aghb1 & 0 hail$ =?) z ! greate/ actress ( h] "t4 ,lady ,macbe? 0 h] great "p2 9 t %e 0 pa9t$ bo? by ,romney & ,lawr5ce4 ,reynolds pa9t$ h] z ! ,tragic ,muse4 ,a diadem encircles h] hair1 %e sits ^u a ?rone1 ! ?rone re/s ^u cl\ds4 ,beh9d h] /& two allegorical be+s1 ,crime & ,remorse1 two q un=tunate figures4 ,b ! pr9cipal figure is truly great1 9 its noble1 regal attitude1 & q uncon/ra9$ 9 its dramatic pose4 ,reynolds _h ! composition 9 8 m9d _m weeks be=e ,mrs4 ,siddons sat = him 9 ! autumn ( #aghc4 ,take y\r seat ^u ! ?rone = :i* y 7 born1 & sugge/ to me ! idea ( ! ,tragic ,muse4 ,) ^! words he conduct$ h] to ! p$e/al4 ,i made a few /eps1 ! actress relates1 & !n took at once ! attitude 9 :i* ! ,tragic ,muse has rema9$4 ,:5 ! picture 0 f9i%$1 says ,sir ,jo%ua1 gallant z ev]3 ,i _c lose ?is opportunity ( s5d+ my "n to po/]ity on ! hem ( y\r g>m5t4 ,& he1 :o h>dly ev] sign$ 8 pictures1 wrote 9 l>ge *>act]s 8 "n & ! date on ! gold-embroid]$ bord] ( ! dress4 ,! orig9al picture has be5 9 ! possession ( ! ,grosv5or family s9ce #ahbb2 a second copy is 9 ! gall]y at ,dulwi*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,oliv] ,,goldsmi?4 ,reynolds lov$ to depict 8 sitt]s 9 my?ological or hi/orical sett+s4 ,?us he pa9t$ ,mrs4 ,h>tley1 h] son z a nymph & ! y\?ful ,bac*us1 ! ?ree ,misses ,montgom]y z ! ,?ree ,graces cr[n+ a t]m ( ,hym51 a little girl sitt+ on ! grass z ! ,age ( ,innoc5ce1 ,lady ,sp5c] z a gipsy tell+ h] bro!r's =tune1 ,mrs4 ,%]idan z ,/4 ,cecilia4 ,! five ,heads ( ,angels1 z !y are call$1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 are five diff]5t /udies ( ! lovely *ild-head ( little ,isabella ,gordon4 ,g>rick1 9 "o ( 8 pictures1 is set betwe5 ! allegorical figures ( ,trag$y & ,com$y4 ,reynolds himself 0 frankly pr\d ( ^! portraits 9 ! mood ( hi/ory4 ,he 01 z he said1 9 g5]al only a portrait pa9t] because ! _w requir$ x2 t :i* he aspir$ aft] 0 ! great mann] ( hi/orical pa9t+4 ,nev]!less1 pictures1 su* z ! ,little ,h]cules ) ! ,s]p5t1 ,cupid unfa/5+ ! ,girdle ( ,v5us1 ,! ,dea? ( ,dido1 ,! ,=be>ance ( ,scipio1 ,! ,*ildhood ( ! ,prophet ,samuel1 or ,! ,adoration ( ! ,%eph]ds1 d n cause u to deplore too bitt]ly t he r>ely f\nd "t = su* my?ological & hi/orical pictures4 ,8 putti are d]iv$ f ,correggio2 9 ! arrangem5t ( drap]y he resembles ,guido2 9 8 ,v5us he is a co>s] ,titian4 ,reynolds' own mann] 9 ^! pictures is m]ely ! eclectic accumulation ( ! peculi>ities ( ! old ma/]s--he br\ght no new elem5t into hi/orical pa9t+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,lady ,,cockburn ,,& ,,h] ,,daught]s4 ,& h]e9 lies 8 pr9cipal weakness4 ,hog>? decl>$3 ,!re is only "o s*ool1 t ( nature4 ,reynolds3 ,!re is only "o doorway to ! s*ool ( nature1 & ( t ! old ma/]s hold ! key4 ,! great m5 ( old 7 = him ! object ( con/ant & consci\s ?\ght4 ,he has endeav\r$ 9 8 writ+s to prop\nd a sort ( g5]al f\ndation ( pa9t+1 has adopt$ ! pr9ciples ( ! be/ pa9t]s 9 e l&1 0 indefatigable 9 explor+ ! secrets ( ! old ma/]pieces1 & has !re=e won ! praise ( hav+ set ! ,engli% s*ool1 :i* _h hi!rto possess$ no p]fect$ tradition ( pa9t+1 te*nically on firm feet4 ,he 0 ! f\nd] ( a sci5tific te*nique ( pa9t+ d]iv$ f ! anci5ts1--! ,l5ba* ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,^u ! mixture ( col\rs1 ! gradations ( light & %ade1 te*nically & /hetically1 no arti/ has pond]$ m ?an he1 :o knew ! great ,ne!rl&]s1 ,rub5s1 ,van ,dyck1 & ,rembr&t1 z well z1 or bett] ?an1 8 p>ticul> fav\rites1 ! ,italians4 ,he made exp]im5ts all 8 life long to discov] ! /one ( ! wise ,v5etians2 b he met ) ! same exp]i5ce z ,l5ba*4 ,& ^! exp]im5ts 9 ! direction ( ! col\r effects ( ! old ma/]s 7 ! bane ( 8 pictures' durability4 ,x 0 well said by ,walpole3 ,if ,sir ,jo%ua is cont5t ) 8 own blemi%$ pictures1 !n he is happi] ?an _! possessors1 or po/]ity4 ,accord+ to my view1 he ought to be paid 9 annual in/alm5ts1 & only s long z 8 works la/4 ,& ,haydon op9$ t ,reynolds s\ght by tricks to obta9 results :i* ! old ma/]s atta9$ by ! simple/ means4 ,he endeav\r$ by means ( asphaltum to give 8 pictures ! arti/ic tones ( ! gall]ies1 ) ! result t1 to-day1 ! majority h lo/ e sign ( fre%ness4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,bi%op ,,p]cy ,) reg>d to ! pose also1 & simil> conceptions1 "o c nev] q get away f ! ?\ght ( ,van ,dyck & o!r old ma/]s4 ,reynolds' *ief endeav\r1 n only z reg>ds col\r+1 b also 9 o!r respects1 0 to resemble ! anci5ts1 & ?is has br\ght into 8 pictures some?+ imitative & lab\r$4 ,he de>ly lov$ ! ,romans & ,v5etians2 we believe to-day t he lov$ almo/ too de>ly ! ,bolognese4 ,& j t f9e1 arti/ic education :i* he receiv$ 9 ,italy & ,holl&1 & ! sci5tific me?od 9 :i* he practis$ 8 art1 did h>m to ,reynolds1 & br\ght into 8 pictures too mu* rem9isc5ce1 too _m ali5 t\*es4 ,he has 9 mo/ cases und]/ood x--h[ to br+ into uni=mity ! num]\s borr[+s ( 8 palette1 all t he _h tak5 f ,leon>do1 ,correggio1 ,velasquez1 & ,rembr&t4 ,yet he has nev] q =gott5 ! old ma/]s & look$ only at 8 model1 = ! sake ( ! v da9tie/ lady or ! fre%e/ ,engli% boy4 ,= 8 *ildr5 he ?\ght ( ,correggio's ,*]ubim1 = 8 s*oolboys ( ,murillo1 = ! portrait ( ,mrs4 ,h>tley ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 = t ( ,mrs4 ,%]idan ( ,raphael4 ,!re lack$ 9 him t spontaneity :i* d5otes ! great ma/]4 ,by 8 erudition 9 art1 ,sir ,jo%ua elevat$ himself on ! %\ld]s ( all :o _h prec$$ him4 ,he obta9$ !reby ! piquant effects 9 8 portraits1 b x 0 at ! price ( ! p5alty t f _m ( 8 works x is r a rancid od\r ( oil & v>ni% :i* exhales ?an ! brea? ( life4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,! ,,girl ,,) ,,! ,,m\setrap4 ,ga9sbor\gh c c]ta9ly n be comp>$ ) ,reynolds 9 ! mass ( 8 "w4 ,he 0 ma/] nei!r ( 8 p[]s ( indu/ry nor ( 8 smoo? & brilliant me?ods ( pa9t+ t 7 always sure ( _! effect4 ,9 _m ( 8 pictures he gives ! impression ( a self-taught man1 :o s\ght to help himself to ! be/ ( 8 p[]4 ,j z little has he ! psy*ological acut5ess ( ,reynolds4 ,a portrait pa9t] puts no m into a head ?an he has 9 8 own2 ?us ! acute ?9k]1 ,reynolds1 0 able to put a great deal into 8 heads1 :il/ ,ga9sbor\gh1 ! dream]1 0 (t5 en\gh q helpless :5 he confront$ a conspicu\sly manly "*4 ,9 8 :ole temp]am5t a pa9t] ( l&scape1 be=e 8 model too he sat z be=e a l&scape1 ) eyes t p]ceiv$ b did n analyse4 ,:at1 ) ,reynolds1 0 s\ght out & und]/ood1 0 felt by ,ga9sbor\gh2 & !re=e ! =m] is always good & correct1 :ile ,ga9sbor\gh is unequal & (t5 faulty1 b 9 8 be/ pictures has a *>m to :i* ^? ( ! ,presid5t ( ! ,academy nev] atta9$4 ,ga9sbor\gh1 too1 at 8 dea? murmur$ ! "n ( an old ma/]4 ,we are all go+ to ,heav51 & ,van ,dyck is ( ! company4 ,b :at di/+ui%es him f ,reynolds1 & gives him a "* ( great] orig9ality1 is j 8 nave indep5d5ce ( ! anci5ts1 :i* result$ p>tly f ! diff]5t nature ( 8 education 9 art4 ,reynolds _h liv$ = two ye>s 9 ,rome & explor$ all ! pr9cipal cities ( ,italy1 _h visit$ ,fl&]s & ,holl&1 le>nt to wond] at ,rembr&t1 & develop$ an en?usiasm = *i>oscuro4 ,ga9sbor\gh 9 8 rural seclusion _h be5 able nei!r by travel on ! ,cont95t to /udy ! great ma/]s ( ! pa/1 nor to assimilate ! traditions ( ! /udio4 ,he cont5t$ himself ) ! beauties :i* he saw 9 8 native c\ntry1 /udi$ !m 9 _! t\*+ simplicity1 )\t tr\bl+ himself ab\t academic rules4 ,he liv$ 9 ,london until 8 dea?1 )\t once leav+ ,engl&2 & t gives to 8 pictures a di/9ct nuance4 ,! "o /udi$ pictures & books1 ! o!r only ! book ( nature4 ,8 portraits nev] aim at any ext]nal effect1 nor are !y rais$ into ! hi/orical2 !y seek to give no o!r impression ?an t ( a q subjective tru? to nature1 bo? 9 arrangem5t & 9 col\r+4 ,no?+ intrud$ betwe5 8 model & himself1 no sombre old ma/] obscur$ 8 canvas4 ,8 execution is m p]sonal1 8 col\r fre%] & m transp>5t4 ,! v p]sonages seem ) him to be m elegant1 m graci\s1 m mod]n ?an ) ,reynolds1 9 ^: "w1 ?r\gh _! k9%ip to ! ,r5aissance1 !y receiv$ a sugge/ion ( /yle1 classical & anci5t4 ,9 8 pictures ! ,engli%man is cle>ly reveal$1 an ,engli%man ( t delicacy & noble ref9em5t :i* is pres5t to a unique degree 9 ! works ( ,engli% pa9t]s ( ! pres5t day4 ,illu/ration3 ,,reynolds4 ,,dr4 ,,burney4 ,! passage f ,hog>? to ,ga9sbor\gh m>ks a *apt] 9 ! hi/ory ( ,engli% culture4 ,hog>? is ! embodim5t ( ,john ,bull2 y c he> him gr[l1 l "s savage bull-dog4 ,t brutal1 indecor\s robu/ness ( ,engl&'s aggressive y\? becomes1 9 ,ga9sbor\gh's h&s1 agreeable1 ref9$1 g5tle1 & s$uctive4 ,reynolds1 ) 8 robu/ness z ( ! old ma/]s1 might be be/ comp>$ ) ,t9toretto2 ,ga9sbor\gh1 9 8 q mod]n & fanta/ic elegance1 is a m t5d]1 subtle1 & my/]i\s _s1 poet & magician at once1 l ,watteau4 ,!re "o li/5$ to ! full1 swell+ *ords ( ! organ2 "h to ! s(t1 dulcet1 silv]y notes ( ! viol94 ,reynolds lov$ w>m1 br[n & r$ tones2 ,ga9sbor\gh essay$ = ! fir/ "t1 9 a s]ies ( 8 happie/ creations1 t scale ( col\r1 coldly gre5 & blue1 9 :i* to-day ! majority ( ,engli% pictures are /ill pa9t$4 ,ev]y?+ ) him is s(t & cle>2 ! tone ( ^? blue or light yell[ silks1 :i* he lov$ especially1 is t ( ! mo/ transp>5t enamel2 ! backgr\nd fades away into dreamy vap\r1 ! figures are surr\nd$ ) an atmosph]e ( s$uction4 ,:at a ma/]piece he has creat$ 9 ! ,blue ,boy1 8 mo/ popul> & mo/ individual picture4 ,"o c describe e piece ( ! clo?+1 b x is impossible to reproduce ! h>mony ( ! pa9t+1 ! ri*1 pure blue ( ! co/ume1 :i* /&s out aga9/ a lu/r\s1 br[n backgr\nd ( l&scape4 ,h[ ! /ately y\? /&s1 noble f head to foot1 9 ! br[n & gre5 autumn l&scape1 ) its canopy ( sky6 ,ma/] ,bootall 0 by f> ! mo/ elegant portrait pa9t$ 9 ,engl& s9ce ,van ,dyck1 & )al ( a n]vosity q new4 ,see t y\?ful pride 9 ! gaze1 t mobile s5sibility 9 ! pose6 ,illu/ration3 ,,?omas ,,ga9sbor\gh4 ,h m5 gr[n diff]5t1 !n1 or does ! pa9t] see fur!r8 ,"o f9ds 9 ,van ,dyck no su* expressively n]v\s physiognomy4 ,! sugge/ion ( melan*oly1 ! deep rev]ie1 ! noble1 ari/ocratic haught9ess1--,ga9sbor\gh 0 ! fir/ to discov] t1 & give x its full expression4 ,& ! same man :o pa9t$ ! noble elegance ( ?is y\?ful gr& seigneur depict$ also peasant *ildr5 com+ fre% f ! gre5 fields & woodl&s ( _! village homes4 ,9 ,sir ,jo%ua's *ildr5 !re 0 (t5 some?+ borr[$ f ,correggio2 ! *ildr5 ( ,ga9sbor\gh brea! a ru/ic *>m1 an untam$ savag]y2 !y are ! v (f%oots ( nature1 :o disport !mselves z freely z ! wild ?+s 9 ! woods4 ,b 8 wom5 9 p>ticul> are creatures altoge!r adorable4 ,:ile ,reynolds1 ! hi/orical pa9t]1 lik$ to promote 8 into h]o9es1 ^? ( ,ga9sbor\gh1 ) _! pure1 transp>5t sk9s1 _! sweet glances 79 :i* !re lies s admirable a mixture ( langui%+ fragility1 innoc5ce1 & coquetry71 are ! true ,engli%wom5 ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,8 ,mrs4 ,siddons is n 9 !atrical co/ume1 b 9 a simple walk+-dress2 no ,tragic ,muse1 b ! passionate1 lov+ woman :o once1 a romantic1 impulsive miss1 escap$ f a conv5t at ! risk ( h] life1 to jo9 a h&some "y actor ( h] fa!r's tr\pe :o _h entirely fasc9at$ h]4 ,:at a *>m+ grace 9 ! pose1 :at f9e ta/e 9 ! arrangem5t1 :at wond]ful purity ( col\r+6 ,) ! exception ( ,watteau1 ,i "k ( no old] ma/] :o c\ld h pa9t$ su* moi/1 dreamy1 s5su\s1 t5d] eyes4 ,! m>vell\s ,mrs4 ,graham1 9 ! ,national ,gall]y ( ,scotl&1 is1 f ! purely pictorial /&po9t1 p]haps ! greate/ ( all 8 works4 ,yet h[ beautiful is ! d\ble portrait ( t "y m>ri$ c\ple1 ! ,halletts1 :o1 t5d]ly hold+ h&s1 pass along a des]t$ pa? 9 "s seclud$ g>d52 or t pale1 langui%+ ,mrs4 ,p>sons1 ) h] en*ant+ smile1 & t my/]i\s language ( ! eyes4 ,ga9sbor\gh 0 no ke5 obs]v]1 b he 0 a susceptible1 s5sitive _s :o int]cept$ ! s\l itself1 ! play ( ! n]ves1 ! slighte/ sugge/ion ( spiritual commotion4 ,!re moves ?r\gh ! majority ( 8 portraits a pa!tic t5d]ness1 a brea? ( dreamy melan*oly1 t ! p]sons !mselves h>dly possess$1 b :i* he transfus$ into !m out ( himself4 ,melan*oly is ! veil ?r\gh :i* he saw ?+s1 z ,reynolds saw !m ?r\gh ! m$ium ( erudition4 ,reynolds 0 all w & intellig5ce1 ,ga9sbor\gh all s\l & temp]am5t2 & no?+ c %[ ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m bett] ?an ! fact t ,reynolds1 :o _h =m$ 8 /yle on e>ly models1 :5 he _h no sitt]s pa9t$ hi/orical pictures2 :il/ ,ga9sbor\gh 9 l circum/ances pa9t$ l&scapes4 ,h]e9 he 0 a pione]1 :il/ ,reynolds 0 an issue ( ! pa/4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,ga9sbor\gh4 ,,mrs4 ,,siddons4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,ga9sbor\gh4 ,,wood ,,sc5e1 ,,village ,,( ,,corn>d1 ,,suffolk4 ,9 ! doma9 ( l&scape pa9t+1 too1 ! new g]ms ( naturalism1 :i* _h v5tur$ above gr\nd on all sides 9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 _h be5 aga9 /unt$ 9 ! ,great ,r5aissance4 ,! !ory _h be5 promulgat$ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury--9 accordance ) ! ideali/ic me?ods ( ! age--t x behov$ ! pa9t] to improve ^u nature j z mu* z ^u ! human body4 ,) ! l(ty /yle ( ! great figure pa9t]s1 & _! artfully pond]$ composition1 !re correspond$ a s*ool ( l&scape :i* 0 likewise conceiv$ (1 9 ! fir/ degree1 z an hon\rable1 ar*itectural fram+ = a my?ological episode4 ,engl& too possess$1 9 ,ri*>d ,wilson1 a believ] 9 ?is doctr9e1 :i* became s widely promulgat$ 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury ?r\gh ! influ5ce ( ,claude ,lorra9e4 ,! home ( 8 s\l 0 ,italy4 ,he scrap$ toge!r a small sum ( money by portrait pa9t+1 borr[$ ! re/1 & felt himself 9 8 elem5t = ! fir/ "t :5 he _h rea*$ ,v5ice4 ,"h1 at ! in/ance ( ,zuc>relli1 he became a pa9t] ( l&scapes1 & 0 aid$ 9 8 endeav\rs by ,joseph ,v]net 9 ,rome4 ,he 0 on ! way to become a pa9t] 9 great reque/1 & 9 _m ( 8 pictures he %[s a mo/ delicate notion ( well-balanc$ & graci\s composition 9 ! mann] ( ,claude4 ,b 8 success 0 ( no long duration4 ,wilson1 l s _m o!r ( 8 contempor>ies1 _h ! fix$ idea t ! ,creator _h only made nature to s]ve z a framework = ! ,grief ( ,niobe & z a vehicle = classical ar*itecture4 ,! int]polat$ /age sc5]y ( trees & ! classic temples ( ?is ,engli% ,claude1 conta9 no?+ :i* _h n be5 already pa9t$ bett] by ! ,fr5*man4 ,:5 ! k+1 9 ord] to assi/ him1 ask$ him on "o occasion to repres5t ,kew ,g>d5s 9 a picture1 he compos$ an entirely imag9>y l&scape & illum9at$ x ) ! sun ( ,tivoli4 ,! k+ s5t him back ! picture1 mordant epigrams appe>$ 9 ! j\rnals1 & ,reynolds sc(f$ at him 9 8 ,disc\rses4 ,aft] t ,wilson sp5t 8 days 9 ! aleh\se1 until he got delirium1 & di$ half />v$ at ! age ( sev5ty4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,ga9sbor\gh4 ,,! ,,m>ket ,,c>t4 ,! patriotic ,engli% 7 too mu* b\nd up ) _! own soil to acquire a ta/e = ! exotic1 ideal sc5]y ( ,wilson4 ,!re exi/$ 9 !m t patriotism1 t feel+ = home1 :i* _h turn$ ! ,dut* ( ! sev5te5? c5tury into l&scape pa9t]s4 ,9 ?is prov9ce also !y 7 de/9$ to /ep 91 z ! inh]itors ( ! ,dut*1 to br+ ! g]m ( intimate l&scape to its full fruition4 ,lovely & luxuriant valleys ) _! s(t grass1 sweet woodl&s ) _! v>i-col\r$ foliage1 gold51 sway+ cornfields & picturesque little cottages1 ) t indescribable s(tness ( atmosph]e1 mu/ ( !mselves direct ! eye ( ! writ] & ! pa9t] to all ^! beauties4 ,x 0 an ,engli%man :o 9 ! eighte5? c5tury wrote ! mo/ memorable book ^u ! *>ms ( nature4 ,james ,?omson1 9 8 ,seasons1 is ! fir/ great nature pa9t] among/ ! poets4 ,ta9e f9ds ! :ole ( ,r\sseau anticipat$ 9 him4 ,?irty ye>s be=e ,r\sseau1 ,?omson _h =e/all$ all ! s5tim5ts ( ,r\sseau1 almo/ 9 ! same /yle4 ,he has n only1 l ,r\sseau1 a pr(\nd feel+ = ! great wild aspects ( nature1 = ! =ms ( cl\ds1 effects ( light & contra/s ( col\r1 b he delights also 9 ! smell ( ! dairy1 9 small birds1 9 ! woodl& %ad[s1 & ! light on ! mead[s1--9 all ?+s seque/]$ & idyllic4 ,nature6 great p>5t6 ^: unceas+ h& ,rolls r\nd ! ,seasons ( ! *angeful ye>1 ,h[ mighty1 h[ maje/ic are ?y works6 ,) :at a pleas+ dread !y swell ! s\l ,t sees a/oni%$ & a/oni%$ s+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,ga9sbor\gh4 ,,! ,,du*ess ,,( ,,devon%ire4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,ga9sbor\gh4 ,,! ,,si/]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,ga9sbor\gh4 ,,! ,,wat]+ ,,place4 ,x 0 a rem>kable *ance :i* orda9$ t ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh1 ! fir/ man :o z a pa9t] depict$ ! graci\s *>ms ( ! c\ntry ( 8 bir?1 ! comel9ess ( its expanses ( deep gre5 lu% mead[s1 ! /r5g? ( ! l(ty1 wide-spread+ trees1 z se5 ) ! eyes ( a lov]1 %\ld be born 9 ! spr+ ( ! same ye> 9 :i* ,?omson's ,spr+ appe>$4 ,t he knew & admir$ ,?omson is prov$ by 8 d$ication to him ( t delightful ,musidora 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 a lovely woman ba?+ h] feet 9 "s %ady =e/ pool4 ,x is said t he only s5t half a doz5 l&scapes to ! ,academy dur+ ! eighte5 ye>s t he exhibit$ !re4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y hung 9 8 h\se 9 ,pall ,mall 9 long r[s on ! walls ( 8 /udio4 ,aft] 8 dea? 8 wid[ held a sale1 at :i* fifty-six l&scapes 7 sold4 ,ga9sbor\gh mu/ be acc\nt$ "o ( ! mod]ns1 s nave & intimate is ! impression :i* 8 pictures produce4 ,he1 :o pass$ 8 :ole y\? 9 ! idyllic lovel9ess ( ! woods1 0 fitt$ to be ! del9eator ( t mell[ ,engli% nature4 ,he und]/ood ! murmur ( ! brooks & ! sigh+ ( ! w9ds4 ,l 8 own life1 s regul> & peaceful1 g5tly sway+ z ?\gh to ! fri5dly elem5ts1 are ! trees 9 8 pictures1 ) _! peaceful tranquillity2 no /orm di/urbs ! calm ( a ,ga9sbor\gh picture4 ,8 0 a cont5t$1 h>moni\s _s1 l ,corot's4 ,8 l&scapes "k no tempe/u\s gr&eur2 !y are a playgr\nd = *ildr51 a place = %eph]ds to re/4 ,! calm ( mid day1 ! haze ( twilight1 ! dew & ! pe>ls ( morn+1 said ,con/able1 are :at we f9d 9 ! pictures ( ?is good1 k9dly1 happy man4444 ,z we look at !m ! te>s spr+ to our eyes1 & we "k n :5ce !y come4 ,! solit>y %eph]d ) 8 flock1 ! peasant return+ f ! wood ) 8 bundle ( faggots1 :isp]+ woods & op5 dales1 sweet little peasant *ildr5 ) _! pit*]s 9 spr+time1--t is :at he lov$ to pa9t & :at he pa9t$1 ) z mu* s\ght-out ref9em5t z ) t5d] tru? to nature4 ,8 l&scapes are l w9d[s op5+ on ! c\ntry1 n compositions1 b pieces tak5 /raight out ( t fruitful ,engli% nature4 ,e ye> he us$ to return to 8 gre5 pa/ures1 & pa9t v e>ly1 :5 ! sun rose4 ,be=e him rose a clu/] ( trees1 all r\nd ! f>m ! flocks 7 graz+1 ?\s&s ( busy bees flew buzz+ f fl[] to fl[]2 goats1 ) _! kids1 7 fe$+ 9 ! mead[s1 wild doves coo$1 & ! birds 9 ! wood sang _! praises to ! ,creator4 ,?us d ! l&scapes ( ,ga9sbor\gh affect u4 ,!y are s(t & t5d] z "s sweet melody 9 _! discreet intimacy1 )\t colori/ effects1 z wond]fully h>moni\s z nature h]self4 ,a ?at*$ cot1 t peeps timidly f betwe5 ! great trees1 a silv]y dale %ut 9 by weep+ will[s1 a bridge lead+ to "s lu%1 gre5 mead[1--^? are ,ga9sbor\gh's mat]ials4 ,! fam\s ,cottage ,door is n[ at ,grosv5or ,h\se4 ,a "y peasant woman1 ) h] y\nge/ *ild 9 h] arms1 is /&+ by ! door ( a c\ntry cottage1 be=e :i* h] o!r *ildr5 are play+1 "s half nak$2 deep cont5tm5t is all ar\nd1 huge old oaks spread _! %elt]+ bran*es ov] ! ro( on bo? sides2 gold5 rays ( sun%9e dance across ! mead[4 ,only ,fr$]ick ,walk] has1 9 lat] days1 pa9t$ su* peasant wom5 & su* *ildr51 at once s t5d] & s natural4 ,( ! f\r pictures 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 ,! ,wood ,sc5e1 ,! ,wat]+ ,place1 ,m>ket ,c>ts1 & ,peasant ,*ildr51 ,! ,wat]+ ,place is ! mo/ celebrat$4 ,9 ! =egr\nd a quiet pa/ure ) c[s1 close by ! h]dsman1 a ,suffolk lab\r]2 9 ! backgr\nd a noble old ,norman ca/le1 p]haps ,h$+ham ,ca/le1 ne> ,sudbury4 ,x is ?r\gh pictures l ^! t ,engl& has become ! native-l& ( intimate l&scape--paysage intime4 ,z figure pa9t]s1 z well z l&scape pa9t]s1 ! ,engli% 9 ! eighte5? c5tury laid a c\rse ( _! own1 & x 0 n long be=e ! o!r nations foll[$ !m4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! ,,hi/orical ,,position ,,( ,,art ,,on ,,! ,,cont95t ,goe! comp>$ ! hi/ory ( k ) a great fugue3 ! p>ts ( ! nations fir/ come to light1 little by little2 & ?is analogy1 already once made by ,hettn]1 holds true 9 a v high degree ( ! hi/ory ( art dur+ ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,! ?ree great nations ( culture--! ,g]man1 ! ,engli%1 & ! ,fr5*--take up _! p>ts 9 turn1 & ?r\gh all !re s\nds "o common1 equal1 dom9ant note4 ,engl& 0 9 ! vangu>d ( t great p]iod ( /ruggle kn[n z ! age ( enlight5m5t4 ,s9ce ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury ,engli% influ5ces _h begun to f]tilise ! ,cont95t4 ,! tru? & naturalness ( ,engli% ideas 7 introduc$ z models1 & ,engl& became 9 h] :ole culture ! s*oolmi/ress ( ! ,cont95t4 ,9 e region w> 0 decl>$ aga9/ ! p$antry br\ght ov] f ! pa/1 :ile new conditions 7 aim$ at4 ,obvi\sly x 0 n s easy = o!r nations to take _! /& on ! basis ( mod]n society4 ,engl& _h accompli%$ h] revolution 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury2 ,france 0 only prep>+ h]self = h]s4 ,= all o!r nations1 too1 ! eighte5? c5tury 0 a transition p]iod1 9 :i* ! old & ! new civilisation ( culture 7 p>t+--an age ( prodigi\s controv]sy1 full ( ,/urm und ,drang4 ,m5 did homage to e k9d ( extravagance1 & w5t into ec/asies ov] virtue4 ,! s>casm ( sc(f]s w5t h& 9 h& ) ! deepe/ s5tim5tal feel+ = nature2 sup]/ition fl\ri%$ by ! side ( enlight5m5t & le>n+2 9 ! salons ( ! ari/ocracy c\rtly abbs file pa/ ) ! greate/ ?9k]s1 gl[+ ) a holy zeal = ! rights ( man4 ,&1 9 ! mid/ ( all ?is contradiction1 !re exi/s t simple1 virtu\s middle class :i* is prep>+ to make ! asc5t :i* w lead x to p[]4 ,"o may imag9e oneself 9 a salon ( ! anci5 rgime1 9 :i* wit is "l1 & laught] & m]rim5t reign4 ,into t salon ent]s abruptly a r\gh plebeian1 ) none ( ! f9e tact ( t company1 yet a great1 ari/ocratic _s1 a man :o despis$ su* a society & w\ld make ! _w anew4 ,su* is "o's impression ( ! effect produc$ at ! "t by ! appe>ance ( ,jean ,jacques ,r\sseau4 ,voltaire 0 ! fir/ on ! ,cont95t to break ?r\gh social b>ri]s1 b none ! less he co9$ 8 he>t = gold 9 society4 ,r\sseau signifies a great advance3 he gave up 8 place1 laid aside rapi]1 silk /ock+s1 & p]ruque1 & clo!d himself aft] ! mann] ( a common man 9 ord] to e>n 8 bread z a copi] ( music4 ,he is1 z ,weig&t has call$ him1 ! fir/ man ( ! b\rgeois c5tury1 ! fir/ pione] ( ! new age4 ,aga9/ ! traditions bequea!d by ! pa/1 :i* 9 ! c\rse ( "t _h become ov]-ref9$ & corrupt1 he set up ! natural conditions dem&$ by reason4 ,8 fight aga9/ inequalities ( rank is1 z x 71 a =eta/e ( ! revolution4 ,:at helli% mon/]s are ^! prejudices4 ,i "k no di%on\rable inf]iority o!r ?an t ( "* or education4 ,a man :o is tra9$ to an hon\rable m9d is ! equal ( ! _w2 !re is no rank 9 :i* he w\ld n be 9 8 place4 ,x is bett] to look d[n ^u nobility ?an ^u virtue1 & ! wife ( a *>coal-burn] is wor?y ( m respect ?an ! mi/ress ( a pr9ce4 ,^? 7 words 9 :i* ! com+ revolution 0 presag$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,goya4 ,,by ,,himself4 ,f3 ,los ,capriccios4 ,! ,n\velle ,heloise appe>$ 9 #agfa4 ,?irte5 ye>s lat] foll[$ ,goe!'s ,w]!r1 t hi/ory ( a "y ,titan ^: zeal = lib]ty felt all ! p>tition walls ( ,society to be prison walls1 & :o rose aga9/ ev]y?+ t 0 c]emonial1 aga9/ all ! subord9ations ( ! social hi]>*y1 aga9/ all trivial & rigid rules ( prud5t ev]yday life4 ,w]!r abhorr$ rules 9 e sph]e4 ,"o c say mu* 9 fav\r ( rules1 ab\t z mu* z "o c say 9 praise ( b\rgeois society4 ,he sc(f$ at ! ,phili/9es1 :o daily w5t along ! same measur$ way4 ,he saw 9 ,society1 hav+ hi!rto mov$ 9 ! simple _w ( ! b\rgeois1 ! mo/ sacr$ & ! mo/ pitiful emotions :olly )\t clo?+4 ,& ?is ,society outrag$ him1 & s5t him ) contumely f its mid/4 ,work+ folk c>ri$ him to ! grave1 & no m9i/] ( religion foll[$ him4 ,soon aft]w>ds "y ,s*ill] came ^u ! sc5e ) 8 fir/ works1 :i* 7 a decl>ation ( w> aga9/ all ! f\ndations ( human society1 ^? manife/oes ( revolution :i*1 7 !y new writ+s to-day1 no ,c\rt ,!atre w\ld d>e to produce4 ,! fi]ce1 rampant lion1 ) ! inscription ,9 ,tyrannos1 :i* 0 display$ on ! title-page ( ! second edition ( ! ,robb]s1 0 an intimate symbol ( ! deep revolution>y _s t inspir$ ! :ole age4 ,i grew disgu/$ ) ?is ink-/a9$ age1 :5 ,i read 9 my ,plut>* ( great m54 ,fie1 fie ^u ! flaccid1 ca/rat$ c5tury1 t has no o!r use ?an to *ew ov] aga9 ! de$s ( ! pa/4 ,let me imag9e an army ( fell[s l y1 & ,i see a republic aris+ 9 ,g]many1 9 comp>ison ) :i* ^? ( ,rome & ,sp>ta w\ld be conv5ts ( nuns4 ,9 a l\d voice ,ficsco proclaims itself on ! v title-page to be a republican trag$y4 ,intrigue & ,love ev5 aims full at ! rott5ness & corruption ( ! actual "t4 ,x c be trac$--& ,br&es has done x 9 8 ,haup/rmung5--h[ 9 ! lit]ature ( ! age1 ! life ( s5sibility & idealism prevail+ 9 ! previ\s c5tury gradually dw9dles1 & 9 its /ead q mod]n progressive views--religi\s1 political1 & social--surge up 9 an ev]-increas+ wave4 ,! au?ors 7 ! bold incit]s to ! battle4 ,!y 7 all lead]s 9 ! battle = lib]ty aga9/ fossilis$ tradition1--"s 9 ! field ( poetry only1 o!rs 9 ! :ole sph]e ( intellectual life4 ,^! are !y :o gave ! signal = ! w>-cry ( ! ,revolution--,lib]ty1 ,equality1 ,frat]nity2 :o r5t asund] ! old society1 inaugurat$ ! age ( citiz5%ip1 & 7 at ! same "t ! fir/ to lose1 z q mod]n spirits1 _! fai? 9 ano!r _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,! ,,majas ,,on ,,! ,,balcony4 ,a wond]ful *ance orda9$ t1 9 ! prov9ce ( art1 ! mo/ p[]ful figure ( t /orm & tumult1 ! "o arti/ ( ! age ( ! race ( ,prome!us1 to :i* belong$ ! "y ,goe! & ! "y ,s*ill]1 %\ld be born 9 ! mo/ m$ival c\ntry 9 ,europe1 on ,spani% soil4 ,aga9/ an art t 0 m ca?olic ?an ca?olicism1 c\rtly & my/ical1 !re came by f> ! greate/ reaction 9 ,goya4 ,f ,roelas1 ,collantes1 & ,murillo to him !re is h>dly any transition4 ,francisco ,goya prea*$ ,nihilism 9 ! home ( belief4 ,he d5i$ ev]y?+1 believ$ no?+1 d\bt$ ( ev]y?+1 ev5 ( t peace & lib]ty :i* he hop$ to be at h&4 ,t old ,spani% art ( religion & dogma 0 *ang$ "u 8 h&s to an art ( negation & s>casm4 ,8 attitude is n t ( an insol5t & impetu\s y\?1 :o puts out 8 tongue at ! ,academy & /rikes ) audaci\s h& at ! academicians' high p[d]$ p]ruques2 x is ! attitude ( ! mod]n _s1 :i* beg9s by d\bt+ all ?+s :i* h be5 hon\r$ hi!rto4 ,8 ,*ur* pictures are devoid ( religi\s feel+1 & 8 et*+s replete ) sne]s at ev]y?+ :i* 0 previ\sly e/eem$ z au?ority4 ,he sc(fs at ! cl]ical classes & ! religi\s ord]s1 laughs at ! prie/ly raim5t :i* cov]$ ! passions ( humanity4 ,spani% art1 :i* began 9 a bl9d piety1 becomes 9 ,goya revolution>y1 free1 mod]n4 ,illu/ration3 7,laur5t1 photo47 ,,goya4 ,,! ,,maja ,,clo!d4 ,goya is1 9 8 :ole nature1 a mod]n man1 a re/less1 fev]i% s\l2 n]v\s z a dcad5t2 temp]am5t to 8 f+]-tips4 ,8 /yle 9 portraiture1 8 art ( composition1 8 :ole me?od1--all speak to our arti/s to-day 9 a language easily und]/ood1 & on _m ( !m ! influ5ce ( ,goya is unmi/akable4 ,he is "o ( ! mo/ fasc9at+ figures ( ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury4 ,z audaci\s z he 0 clev]1 z v]satile z he 0 fanta/ic1 a ke5 obs]v] z well z a /rong creative _s1 he fasc9ates & a/oni%es 9 8 pictures1 j z 9 8 wond]ful et*+s1 by a rem>kable mixture ( ! biz>re & ! orig9al4 ,8 pictures1 :e!r !y be viol5t or ecc5tric1 t5d] or h>d1 gloomy or joy\s1 ne>ly always move & palpitate ) life itself1 & !y w always keep _! attraction4 ,!re is no "o ( ,goya's pictures1 n ev5 ! flimsie/ sket*1 at :i* "o c look coldly4 ,he 0 born 9 a village 9 ! prov9ce ( ,aragon1 ! son ( a small l&$ proprietor1 9 #agdf4 ,at ! age ( f\rte51 hav+ already pa9t$ frescoes 9 ! *ur* ( 8 native-place1 he w5t to ,s>agossa z an appr5tice2 & !re he %[$ himself to be vivaci\s & passionate1 & soon became ! *ampion among 8 comrades 9 all _! pa/imes & brawls4 ,re/less1 & always ?9k+ ( adv5ture1 he refus$ e regul> k9d ( education1 dis>rang$ ev]y?+ 9 8 ma/]'s /udio1 work$ :5 he c\ld1 drew 8 sword :5 he _h a m9d to1 n\ri%$ 9 8 head d>k ?\ghts on lib]ty1 came & w5t & lov$1 dalli$ ) 8 knife1 snapp$ 8 f+]s at ! ,inquisition1 :i* 0 aft] him1 & fl$ f ,madrid1--su* 0 he at tw5ty1 & su* he rema9$ all 8 life4 ,illu/ration3 7,laur5t1 photo47 ,,goya4 ,,! ,,maja ,,nude4 ,italy1 :i!r he fl$ on acc\nt ( a duel1 did n alt] him4 ,!re 7 new love qu>rels4 ,he f\ght1 /abb$ a rival1 0 w\nd$ himself1 amus$ himself extremely1 /udi$ little1 obs]v$1 admir$1 b nei!r pa9t$ nor copi$ any?+4 ,x 0 ?anks to ?is indol5ce t ! great pa/ did n take him prison]4 ,he did n "k mu*1 b = :at he knew he c\ld ?ank himself4 ,he lov$ ! old pa9t]s1 b platonically2 _! works did n lead him a/ray4 ,9 ?is lies ! explanation ( 8 qualities & 8 faults3 t m>vell\s mixture ( s$uctive grace & visible weakness1 ( subtlety & brutality1 ( ref9em5t & ignorance4 ,he m]its equally sympa?y & blame1 is z g5ial z he is unequal4 ,b "o w\ld n wi% him to be o!rwise3 if !re _h be5 m ord] & proportion 9 8 works 8 good qualities w\ld h be5 lo/4 ,he w\ld h suff]$ 9 spontaneity1 vivacity1 orig9ality1 & quietly tak5 8 an*orage 9 ! sleepy hav5 ( m$iocrity4 ,z he is1 he is :olly ! *ild ( 8 c\ntry3 f head to foot a ,spani>d ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 a son ( t d[nfall5 ,spa9 t 0 dy+ f loss ( blood4 ,= hundr$s ( ye>s a black cl\d1 ext+ui%+ all joy1 _h hung ov] ,spani% life1 a cl\d out ( :i*1 only "h & !re 9 dismal lightn+ fla%es1 !re em]g$ obscure figures ( sombre despots1 sick ascetics1 & sil5t m>tyrs4 ,all mundane incl9ations 7 suppress$1 all s5su\s desires prohibit$4 ,m5 sp5t _! nights ) _! eyes fix$ ^u ! gory hi/ories & passionate exhortations ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 he>+ 9 imag9ation ! m5ac+1 ?und]\s voice ( a dreadful ,god1 until at la/ 9 _! own he>ts ! fanatical inspiration ( ! prophetic se] awoke anew1 & _! fev]i% =ms 7 torn asund] by ec/atic visions & religi\s halluc9ations4 ,:5 ,goya began 8 c>e] ! s9i/] c\ntry ( ! ,inquisition _h gr[n frivol\s4 ,a brea? ( revolution 0 pass+ ov] m5's m9ds4 ,an intoxicat+ od\r ( mundane voluptu\sness p5etrat$ ev]y:]e1 ev5 into ! conv5ts !mselves2 ! figures ( ! ,fr5* ,rococo ,olympus _h br\ght confusion into ! ,*ri/ian p>adise4 ,spa9 no long] believ$2 x laugh$ at ! ,inquisition1 trembl$ no m :5 x 0 ?reat5$ ) ! pa9s ( ,hell4 ,x _h gr[n frivol\s1 wanton1 epicurean1 full ( grace & laught]4 ,! rosy-r$ & blue %eph]ds ( ! ,trianon _h made an entry into ! sombre ,c\rt ( ,aranjuez4 ,lit]ature1 ta/e1 & art 7 infect$ by ,fr5* influ5ces1 ,p>isian sp>ks ( wit1 lightn+ esprit1 & ,p>isian immorality2 & ! same rumbl+ e>?quake :i* wreck$ ! ?rone ( ,france 0 soon to %att] t ( ,spa94 ,9 ,goya's works !re is a refulg5ce ( all ?is4 ,b1 l e great arti/1 he is n only ! expression ( 8 epo*1 b also its lead]2 he almo/ anticipates ! age :i* %all succe$ x4 ,l a figure ( ,janus1 on ! bord]-l9e betwe5 two c5turies1 /&+ 9 a mann] betwe5 two worlds1 he 0 ! la/ ( ! old ma/]s & ! fir/ ( ! mod]ns--ev5 9 t special s5se 9 :i* we employ ! ^w to-day4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,de ,,que ,,mal ,,morira4 ,f ,los ,capriccios4 ,?r\gh a commission to design c>toons = ! ,spani% manufactories ( tape/ry1 he 0 br\ght into contact ) ! ,c\rt4 ,memb] ( ! ,academy ( ,san ,f]n&o 9 #aghj1 ,p9tor del ,rey1 ) an income ( #ab1ejj francs 9 #aghf1 he became soon aft]w>ds ! ,director ( ! ,madrid ,academy--! drolle/ ,director ( an ,academy t man c imag9e6 ,goya1 ! peasant y\?1 ) 8 bull neck & matador-l /r5g?1 liv$ at ! ,spani% ,c\rt 9 ! mid/ ( ! en]vat$ scions ( a dissolute ari/ocracy1 :o1 ) _! sickly & anmic features1 indol5t & impot5t1 skulk$ ?r\gh life1 "y m5 prematurely old4 ,naturally he 0 ! idol ( ! wom51 hat$ by ! c\rti]s on acc\nt ( 8 cau/ic wit1 a t]ror to all husb&s because ( 8 p]petual intrigues1 & at ! same "t fe>$ z ! be/ swordsman 9 ,madrid1 :o drew 8 rapi] ) ! indiff]5ce ) :i* we light a cig>ette4 ,x is only z ! outcome ( su* a p]sonality t 8 works are to be und]/ood4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,soplones4 ,f ,los ,capriccios4 ,goya 0 f> too great a sceptic to put a religi\s s5tim5t into matt]s 9 :i* he no long] believ$2 8 tal5t 0 f> too mod]n = ! religi\s ab/raction to be able to seize him4 ,8 ,*ri/ on ! ,cross1 !re=e1 9 ! ,museo del ,prado1 is simply t$i\s1 a bad academical /udy4 ,8 frescoes 9 ,san ,antonio de la ,florida1 at ,madrid1 exhibit a pretty1 decorative motive--consid]able movem5t1 grace1 & _s4 ,b among/ !m are angels :o sit !re mo/ irrev]5tly1 &1 ) a laugh ( *all5ge1 ?r[ out _! legs la ,tiepolo4 ,! *ief picture repres5ts ,/4 ,antony ( ,padua rais+ a man f ! dead4 ,b all t int]e/$ him 9 x 7 ! look]s-on4 ,on a balu/rade all ar\nd he has br\ght 9 ! lovely1 da9ty faces ( num]\s ladies ( ! c\rt1 8 bonnes amies1 :o lean _! elb[s on ! balcony & coquette ) ! p d[n bel[4 ,_! plump1 r\nd1 :ite h&s play mean+ly ) _! fans2 a ?ick clu/] ( r+lets waves ov] _! b>$ %\ld]s2 _! s5sual eyes langui% ) a s$uctive fire2 a fa9t smile plays r\nd _! voluptu\s lips4 ,sev]al seem only j to h left _! b$s1 & _! v>i-col\r$1 gleam+ silks are crumpl$4 ,"o is j arrang+ h] coiffure1 :i* has come undone & falls ov] h] rosy bosom2 ano!r1 ) a langui%+ unconsci\sness & a c>eless attitude1 is op5+ h] sleeve1 ^: s(t1 deep folds expose a sn[-:ite arm4 ,!re is mu* *ic 9 ?is ,*ur* picture4 ,"o v immode/ angel is suppos$ to be ! portrait ( ! ,du*ess ( ,alba1 :o 0 fam$ = h] num]\s intrigues4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,se ,,repul54 ,f ,los ,capriccios4 ,9 8 portraits1 too1 he is unequal4 ,he became ! fa%ionable pa9t] at ! c\rt4 ,! politicians1 poets1 s*ol>s1 great ladies1 actresses1 all ! fam\s folk ( 8 epo*1 sat to him4 ,he daub$ m ?an two hundr$ portraits2 b !y 7 good only :5 ! subject amus$ him4 ,8 portraits ( ! ,royal ,family h some?+ vici\s & plebeian4 ,he is too little 9 e>ne/1 too little ( an (ficial1 to pa9t c\rt pictures4 ,"o might imag9e t he ) difficulty re/ra9$ himself f laugh+ at ! pomp\s futility :i* /ood be=e him4 ,x irritat$ him to be oblig$ to pa9t ^! great lords & ladies 9 poses s c]emonial1 in/ead ( mak+ !m1 l ! angels ( ,san ,antonio1 ?r[ up _! legs & skip ov] p>apets4 ,! ,que51 ,m>ie ,l\ise1 is frankly grotesque2 & ! family ( ,*>les ,,iv look l ! family ( a %opkeep] :o h won ! big prize 9 a lott]y1 & be5 photograph$ 9 _! ,sunday clo!s4 ,b1 ah6 :5 some?+ gives him pleasure6 ,9 ! ,exhibition ( ,portraits at ,p>is1 9 #ahhe1 !re 0 ! portrait ( a "y man1 dress$ 9 gray1 :i* excell$ ,ga9sbor\gh = grace4 ,) :at a noble non*alance ?is "y elegant /&s !re1 rem9d+ "o1 9 attitude & co/ume1 ( ! incroyables ( ,*>les ,v]net4 ,) :at equanimity does he look out on life1 9 8 satisfaction at ! good fit ( 8 clo!s4 ,! wond]ful h>mony ( ! grey tones 0 r5d]$ ) all ,ga9sbor\gh's delicacy4 ,! same man :o 9 ^? pictures ( c]emony let himself g 9 a mann] s brusque & fr5zi$1 "h revell$1 a v ,proteus 9 8 *ameleon-l qualities1 9 s(t & mell[ & s$uctive tones4 ,"o might say t he has ?\ght "h ( ,prudhon & ,greuze1 & jo9$ _! /udy to ! cult ( ,velasquez4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,que ,,pico ,,de ,,oro6 ,f ,los ,capriccios4 ,/ill m *>m+ 0 he 9 8 pictures ( "y girls1 :5 he 0 himself fasc9at$ by ! attractions ( 8 subjects4 ,! infantile ,donna ,m>ia ,josefa 7at ! ,prado7 & ! twelve-ye>-old ,que5 ,isabella ( ,sicily 7at ,seville7 are admirable pictures4 ,9 !m ! c&\r & grace ( budd+ y\?1 ! :ole poetry ( "y maid5hood1 h won life & expression f ! enam\r$ t5d]ness ( an arti/ h&4 ,s$uc$ by beauty1 he r5\nc$ all irony1 ?\ght only ( ^? big1 wide-op5$ eyes ( velvet1 ^? rosy "y lips2 ( t w>m c>nation & ! elegant slimness ( t s(t "y neck t rose 9 delicate cont\r f ! %\ld]s4 ,or aga91 t m>vell\s d\ble portrait ( ,la ,maja 9 ! ,academy ( ,san ,f]n&o3 a "y girl pa9t$ once clo!d & once nude1 bo? pictures 9 exactly ! same pose1 & bo? flood$ ) ! same extraord9>y s5su\s *>m4 ,?is is n ! unc]ta91 s>ca/ic pa9t] ( ^? ,/ate pictures4 ,x is an att5tive obs]v]1 :o depicts ) s5sitive devotion ! h>moni\s l9es ( ! irradiat+1 "y1 human body s wor?y ( celebration4 ,! transp>5t /uff t cov]s ! body ( ,la ,maja clo!d reveals all t x hides2 9 ! o!r picture ! unveil$ nudity s+s ! high pan ( ! fle%4 ,! draw+ is sure1 ! modell+ ( a m>vell\s t5d]ness4 ,! heav+ bosom1 ! sl5d] limbs1 ! tantalis+ eyes--e "p ( t n]v\s body1 ) its ivory :it5ess1 /ret*$ out on ! milk-:ite c\* made = love1 brea!s ( pleasure & voluptu\sness4 ,9 pictures ( ?is k9d ,goya is :olly "o ( u4 ,gr[n indep5d5t ( e traditional rule1 he ab&on$ himself entirely to 8 own impressions1 & produc$ endur+ works1 vibrat+ ) life1 because he 0 himself fasc9at$ ) nature4 ,he %[$ "h an idea ( mod]nity t almo/ makes him seem a contempor>y ( our own--t zeal = ! pictorial1 = col\r & light1 :i* attracts u s mu* to-day4 ,v *>act]i/ic also ( ! *ang$ aspect ( ! age are 8 designs = ! fam\s tape/ry 9 ,santa ,b>b>a1 ) :i* he made 8 db at ,madrid4 ,!y are v crude 9 decoration4 ,two or ?ree neat "y girls1 ) big1 black1 moi/ eyes1 "h & !re pleas+ details--a c\ple ( m5 c>ry+ a w\nd$ companion--are unable to gloss ov] ! heav9ess ( ! composition & col\r4 ,b x 0 ( great consequ5ce t ,goya %\ld h _h c\rage = s bold a /ep z to make use ( "* sc5es 9 decorative pa9t+ at a "t :5 ev]y:]e else1 )\t exception1 ftes *amptres pr$om9at$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,volav]unt4 ,f ,los ,capriccios4 ,9 8 oil pa9t+s he w5t mu* fur!r 9 ?is direction4 ,9 t impetu\s mann] peculi> to him he endeav\r$ to get a firm grip on ! pictorial side ( ,spani% life1 at home & 9 ! /reets1 :]ev] he f\nd x4 ,! mo/ fe>ful subjects--su* z ! two great slaught] sc5es 9 ! ,fr5* invasion1 pa9t$ ) su* bread? & fi]c5ess--alt]nate ) incid5ts ( ! livelie/ "*4 ,ev]y?+ is jott$ d[n1 "u ! imm$iate influ5ce ( :at has be5 obs]v$1 by rapid me?ods1 & on ?is acc\nt produces an effect ( sket*es tak5 ) complete directness f nature4 ,9 ^? c>eless pictures1 swept ) l>ge /rokes ( ! bru%1 !re rises be=e u ! mad drama ( public holiday 9 ! /reets & 9 ! circus3 processions1 bull-fights1 brig&s1 ! victims ( ! plague1 assass9ations1 sc5es ( gallantry1 national types--all obs]v$ ) ! acut5ess ( a ,m5zel4 ,! ,majas on ! balcony 9 ! ,montp5si] ,gall]y1 ! ,breakfa/ on ! ,grass1 ! ,fl[] ,girl1 ! ,reap]1 ! ,return f ,m>ket1 ! ,c>t attack$ by ,brig&s1 are ! mo/ piquant1 vividly col\r$ ( ^! pictures4 ,! ,rom]ia de ,san ,isidoro is full ( su* a sp>kl+1 /irr+ life z ! mo/ mod]n ( ! impressioni/s alone h le>n$ aga9 to pa9t4 ,a few da%es ( col\r1 a few well-plac$1 bold /rokes ( ! bru%1 & at once "o sees ! procession move1 ! gr\ps pass+ ea* o!r by j z1 9 ! m>vell\s sket*es ( ! fun]al ( ,s>d9a1 9 ! ,academy ( ,san ,f]n&o1 "o c see ! "y c\ples revolve madly 9 ! dance1 & ! lances ( ! bull-fight]s r$d5 ! s& ( ! ar5a4 ,! sup]abundance ( su* phantasy c\ld n1 ( c\rse1 be a*iev$ by ! t>dy bru%4 ,he requir$ a quick] m$ium1 t w\ld p]mit him to express ev]y?+4 ,!re=e he execut$ 8 num]\s et*+s1 by :i* he 0 r5d]$ fam\s1 be=e p _h le>nt to appreciate him z a pa9t]3 ! ,capriccios1 ! ,malheurs de la ,gu]re1 ! ,bull-fights1 ! ,captives--^? m>vell\s & fanta/ic pages 9 :i* he express$ ev]y?+ t 8 fev]i%1 satirical s\l _h accumulat$ = contempt1 & hatr$1 & ang]1 & scorn4 ,! et*]'s ne$le 0 ! poison$ dagg] ) :i* he attack$ all t he wi%$ to attack3 tyranny1 sup]/ition1 intrigue1 adult]y1 hon\r t is sold & beauty t lets itself be b\ght1 ! arrogance ( ! great & ! degrad+ s]vility ( ! little4 ,he made an awful & jovial hecatomb ( all ! vices & ! sc&als ( ! age4 ,:omsoev] he pillori$ 0 laid b>e 9 all respects2 physically & morally1 no s+le trait ( him 0 =gott54 ,& he did x s wittily t he compell$ ev5 ! (f5d$ p]son to laugh4 ,nei!r ,*>les ,,iv himself1 nor ! ,c\rt1 nor ! ,inquisition1 :i* bl$ mo/ b5ea? 8 ?ru/s1 d>$ to compla94 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,qui5 ,,lo ,,crey]a6 ,f ,los ,capriccios4 ,9 8 ,capriccios ,goya /&s reveal$ z a figure )\t ev5 a =]unn] 9 ! hi/ory ( art4 ,satirical repres5tations ( popul> sup]/itions1 bitt]1 mordant attacks on ! ari/ocracy1 ! gov]nm5t1 & all social conditions1 unprec$5t$ assaults on ! cr[n1 on religion & its doctr9es1 inexorable satires ^u ! ,inquisition & ! mona/ic ord]s1 make up ?is mo/ rem>kable book4 ,x _h h>dly appe>$ 9 #agif be=e ! ,inquisition seiz$ x4 ,goya p>ri$ ?is /roke1 h[ev]1 by d$icat+ ! plates to ! k+4 ,a pa9t] & a colori/1 9 ?is book he displays 8 g5ius z an et*]4 ,! outl9es are drawn ) light & g5ial /rokes only2 !n comes ! aquat9ta1 ! col\r+ :i* ov]spreads ! backgr\nd1 & gives localisation1 dep?1 & light4 ,a few scrat*es ( ! ne$le1 a black spot1 a light produc$ by a spot ( :ite +5i\sly left blank--t suffic$ to give life & "* to 8 figures4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,l9da ,,mae/ra6 ,f ,los ,capriccios4 ,! ,misres de la ,gu]re are intr9sically m s]i\s4 ,all ! sc5es ( t]ror t occurr$ 9 ,spa9 z a sequel to ! ,fr5* invasion & ! glory ( ,napoleon "h utt] _! cry ( lam5tation4 ,a few plates among/ !m are wor?y ( comp>ison ) ! f9e/ ( ,rembr&t's1--! sole classic = :om ,goya *]i%$ a v5]ation4 ,all ! und]tak+s :i* foll[$ ^!--! ,bull-fights1 ! ,prov]bs1 ! ,captives1 ! fanta/ic l&scapes--tell ( a long /udy ( ! great ,dut* ma/]4 ,especially celebrat$ 7 ! sev5te5 new plates :i* he add$ to ! ,malheurs de la ,gu]re 9 #ahad1 at ! "t ( ! re/oration ( ,f]d9& ,,vii4 ,!y are ! political & philosophical te/am5t ( ! old lib]al1 ! ke5 free-?9k]1 ! la/ & utmo/ fight = all t he lov$ aga9/ all t he hat$4 ,) sacr$ wra? & bit+ irony he wag$ w> aga9/ ! intrigues & hypocrisy ( ! obscuranti/s :o ?rottle progress & suppress fre$om ( ?\ght4 ,) passionate wra? he ru%$ ^u k+s1 prie/s1 & dignit>ies4 ,x seems incr$ible t ! plate entitl$ ,nada--a dead man1 :o comes out ( 8 grave & writes ) 8 corpse-f+]s ! ^w ,nada 7no?+7--t ?is plate c be ! "w ( a ,spani>d ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,ev]y:]e !re is ! same hatr$ ( tyranny1 ( social inju/ice1 ( human /upidity1 ! same incr$ul\s ef=t aft] a dimly conceiv$ ideal ( tru? & lib]ty4 ,x is nei!r ! amiable fairyl& ( ,callot nor ! b\rgeois pessimism ( ,hog>?4 ,goya is m inexorable & acute2 8 phantasy1 borne on l>g] w+s1 takes a high] flight4 ,he sees direful figures 9 8 dreams1 8 laugh is bitt]1 8 ang] rancor\s4 ,he is a revolutioni/1 an agitator1 a sceptic1 a nihili/4 ,8 *ronique sc&aleuse gr[s into ! epos ( ! age4 ,"o und]/&s :y su* a man %\ld no long] feel secure 9 ,spa91 &1 t[>ds ! close ( 8 life1 g into exile 9 ,france4 ,!re1 too1 9 ! home ( ! revolution1 art1 ev] s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 _h fre$ h]self m f ! tradition ( ! ,r5aissance1 & betak5 h]self to ! new way1 :i* ! ,dut*1 & soon aft]w>ds ! ,engli%1 _h laid d[n 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goya4 ,,devota ,,pr(esion4 ,f ,los ,capriccios4 ,all t _h be5 produc$ 9 ,p>is1 up to ! close ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 _h _h its bir?place 9 ! ,italy ( ,leo ,x4 ,! light ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance _h suffus$ ,france ev] s9ce ! appe>ance ( ,rosso & ,primaticcio4 ,rome _h be5 ! cradle ( ,simon ,v\et & ,nicolas ,p\ss94 ,france endeav\r$1 9 ri* decoration & ma/]ly sw+ ( l9es1 to ov]top ! ,italians1 ^: =mul 7 /udi$ p>tly 9 ,rome & p>tly 9 ! ,palace ( ,fonta9ebleau1 t ,rome 9 petto4 ,^? religi\s pictures ( ,lebrun1 arrang$ 9 panels1 appe>$ ) _! !atrically elegant attitudes & _! fl[+ drap]y1 ) _! slim1 oscillat+ limbs & _! florid ge/ures4 ,all ,olympus1 all ! sa9ts & ! h]oes1 7 set to "w to d hon\r to ! great k+4 ,0 x necess>y to glorify 8 acts1 !n x 0 done by portray+ him z ,cyrus or ,alex&]4 ,! p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury did n exi/ = pa9t]s4 ,lebrun & ,mign>d1 z inh]itors ( ,roman culture1 hov]$ ov] life )\t see+ x4 ,_! ideals 7 a hundr$ & fifty ye>s old1 +5i\s v>iations on ! sixte5?-c5tury patt]n4 ,!n came ! dea? ( ! ,gr& ,mon>que1 & ) him ! tradition ( ! ,r5aissance w5t also to its grave4 ,! old age 0 outworn1 & ! new began to sup]s$e x4 ,! _w 0 we>y ( ! maje/ic1 ! /iff1 & ! pomp\s1 ^: glam\r _h bl9d$ x = sixty ye>s4 ,! sun-k+ 0 dead1 & ! sun ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance _h set4 ,fr5* society brea!d once m4 ,! o/5tation ( ! c\rt _h become an on]\s c]emony1 ! mon>*ical pr9ciple an un5durable con/ra9t4 ,! nightm>e t _h oppress$ x1 ! ennui t _h come f ,v]sailles1 disappe>$4 ,air & light & mir? p5etrat$ ! salons4 ,p %ook (f ! heavy yoke ( maje/y f _! %\ld]s1 ab&on$ _! h]oic1 o/5tati\s palaces1 & b\ght !mselves petites maisons 9 ! ,bois4 ,!y _h suff]$1 !y wi%$ to be glad2 !y _h be5 bor$1 !y wi%$ to be amus$4 ,en\gh ( pat]-no/]s & /ately etiquette6 !y wi%$ to live4 ,away ) ! antique temples & goddesses ( ,p\ss96 away ) ^? devot$ m>tyrs :o mortifi$ !mselves & kill$ ! fle%6 ,away ) ! semblance ( ! h]oic1 ) pomp & glam\r1 ) ! s]vice ( ,god & ! s]vice ( lords6 ,"h's to ! s]vice ( ! ladies4 ,"h's to ! ?at*$ ro(s ( f>mh\ses2 ! woods 9 ^: ?ickets "o c lose "o's way & ex*ange a kiss2 rosy fle% & little turn$-up noses2 ev]y?+ :i* gave a ?rill ( voluptu\sness aft] ! unapproa*able1 icy-cold nobility ( ! pa/4 ,long live ,love6 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,goya4 ,,otres ,,leyes ,,por ,,el ,,pueblo4 ,s ?\ght ,france :5 ,l\is ,,xiv 0 dead1 & ! man 0 already gr[n up 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries :o 0 *os5 to give a %ape to ^! dreams1 to aboli% ! asc5d5cy ( gods & k+s & h]oes1 & to %[ ! upp] classes _! own image reflect$ 9 ! mirror ( art4 ,anto9e ,watteau1 :o guid$ ! /ream ( ,fr5* art into ?is new *annel--( ! ,ne!rl&s--0 by bir? & tra9+ a ,flem+4 ,8 bir?place1 ,val5ci5nes1 al?\gh ,fr5* t]ritory s9ce ! ,peace ( ,nymegu51 resembl$ 9 its :ole "* a ,flemi% t[n4 ,9 ! *ur* "h he fir/ saw any ( ,rub5s' pictures4 ,"h1 ?r\gh ,gr91 he became in/ruct$ 9 ,flemi% traditions4 ,rub5s & ,t5i]s are ! two ma/]s f :om 8 own art sprang4 ,dur+ ! ye>s :5 ! w> ( ! ,spani% ,succession _h *ang$ ! ,fr5* fronti] prov9ces into a huge milit>y camp1 he pa9t$ soldi]s & camp sc5es1 su* z ! ,m>* 9 ! collection ( ,edmund ,ro?s*ild1 :]e a p>ty ( recruits are /raggl+ along a high pla9 9 a fi]ce /orm4 ,lat] came pictures ( c\ntry life 9 ! mann] ( ,t5i]s1 l ! ,ret\r de ,gu+uette1 engrav$ by ,*$el1 a l&scape 9 :i* on ! "r a p>ty ( ru/ics are c>\s+ at a table 9 front ( a f>my>d1 :ile on ! o!r side half-drunk5 m5 & wom5 are go+ home4 ,l\is ,,xiv _h made be=e ! pictures ( ,t5i]s 8 well-kn[n mot3 ,otez moi ces magots4 ,n[1 ?r\gh ,watteau1 ! magot makes its entrance into ,fr5* art4 ,?us 9 8 *ief picture 9 ?is mann]1 ,la ,vraie ,gaiet1 ! figures are unmi/akably aft] ,t5i]s4 ,! m5 are %ort & /urdy1 entirely ,flemi%4 ,only ! co/umes h *ang$ ) ! mode4 ,b ! wom5 are n 9 ! lea/ ,flemi%4 ,! clean caps & tidy k]*iefs1 ! fre%ly iron$ aprons1 & neat little feet t trip s lightly & quickly along ! /reet t no dirt seems to soil !m1 give ^! peasant girls a c]ta9 desirability 9 :i* x is n h>d to discov] ! transition to ,fr5* grace4 ,! elegant motions & f9e heads po9t to t ,watteau :o 0 to become soon aft]w>ds ! unsurpassable del9eator ( fem99e coquetry4 ,gillot & ,rub5s l$ him into ! new road4 ,! ,t5i]s-l "* ( 8 figures disappe>$1 !y became graci\s & noble4 ,9 place ( ! magot came elegant ,fr5* society4 ,gillot 0 ! fir/ 9 ,p>is to break ) ! pomp\s ,l\is ,,xiv /yle1 & to beg9 ! repres5tation ( ! *e]ful life ( com$ians1 to replace ! dwell]s 9 ,olympus by *>act]s ( ! ,fr5* & ,italian /age4 ,rub5s _h be5 ! fir/ 9 8 ,g>d5 ( ,love1 ( ! ,dresd5 & ,madrid ,gall]ies1 to invite to ! emb>kation = ! ,isl& ( ,cy!ra4 ,watteau acquir$ some?+ f ev]yone he /udi$1 & yet resembles none4 ,aft] hav+ hi!rto s\ght 8 p]sonages on ! highways & 9 camps1 he 0 n[ to become ! pa9t] ( ftes galantes1 ! pa9t] ( ,society4 ,= 9 8 %eph]ds & %eph]desses !re lives ! elegance ( ,france4 ,! gods ( ! ,r5aissance1 9 :om no "o any long] believ$1 glid$ into ! co/umes ( ,h>lequ9 & ,pi]rette4 ,9 lieu ( ! great & ! pa!tic !re came ! small1 ! gay1 ! graceful1 ! da9ty4 ,! ar*itectural symmetry ( composition disappe>$1 & ! /iff /age-sc5]y "* ( l&scape vani%$4 ,! grave =mality ( geometrical con/ruction is *ang$ into fre$om & joy\sness1 j z ! rhetorical1 exact1 measur$ p]iods ( ,boileau 7 relax$1 "u ! h&s ( ,voltaire1 into s5t5ces uncon/ra9$1 buoyant1 & crisp4 ,watteau's art betok5$ ! triumph ( naturalism ov] ! mann]ism into :i* ! ,fr5* art ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 bas$ on ! ,italian ,r5aissance1 _h dw9dl$4 ,z x is said 9 an old poem-- ,p>e la ,franoise1 un j\r ,dame ,nature ,eut le desir coquet de voir sa portraiture4 ,que fit la bonne mre8 ,elle enfanta ,watteau4 ,watteau became = ,fr5* art :at1 a hundr$ ye>s be=e1 ,rub5s _h be5 = ,flemi%--! deliv]]4 ,he deliv]$ !m f ! oppressive yoke ( ! ,italian tradition4 ,9 8 _w1 :]e !re 7 no long] any nak$ goddesses1 b :]e ! corset 0 op5$ only j wide en\gh to reveal a rosy bosom1 !re 0 no?+ m left ( ! pa/4 ,x is no long] antique beauty1 no long] ! pla/ic cold ( ! ,v5us di ,milo1 no long] ! m>ble p]fection ( ,raphael's ,galatea4 ,into ^? t5d]1 fem99e h&s1 into ^? lace sleeves1 out ( :i* sn[-:ite arms come langui%+ly =?1 into ^? sl5d] wai/s1 & teas+1 dimpl$ *9s1 some?+ ( coquetry1 ( s5sibility1 some?+ subtle & spiritual1 has ent]$1 t seems to transc5d physical beauty4 ,8 "y m5 are tall & supple1 8 wom5 entirely indescribable1 ) _! air ( quiet rogui%ness & _! exquisite coiffures4 ,q mod]n is t di/+ui%$ s5se = co/ume :i* made him a lead] ( fa%ion4 ,my/]i\s l&scapes1 t exhale peace & happ9ess all ar\nd6 ,rightly has ,edmond de ,gonc\rt call$ him a lyric poet1 ! great poet ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,,anto9e ,,watteau4 ,illu/ration3 ,,watteau4 ,,la ,,p>tie ,,c>r,e4 ,9 ?is way ! developm5t proce$$4 ,! pomp\s repres5tation :i* portrait pa9t+ _h practis$ hi!rto 0 gone4 ,p w\ld no long] be ma/]s ( ! c]emonies1 b human be+s4 ,new =ms ( te*nique 7 discov]$1 su* z pa/el pa9t+4 ,no o!r mat]ial 0 capable ( r5d]+ ! peculi> fragrance ( ?is fugitive fl[] nature1 ! graceful appe>ance ( ?is rococo /yle1 ( ^! ladies ) ! t\* ( p[d] 9 _! hair1 & _! moi/1 dreamy eyes1 z ,maurice ,lat\r1 ,rosalba ,c>ri]a1 & lat] ! ,swiss1 ,liot>d1 pa9t$ !m4 ,( ^? :o endeav\r$1 on ! model ( ,watteau's /yle1 to depict ! life ( ! fa%ionable _w1 none approa*$ ! delicacy ( t national g5ius4 ,lancret & ,pat] foll[$ him1 b m r\ghly1 m sob]ly1 m drily4 ,lancret 9 8 :ole conception1 comp>$ ) ,watteau1 is a homely1 (t5 a some:at cumbr\s j\rneyman2 ,pat]1 an arti/ ( great] elegance1 has ! fickl5ess ( ! virtuoso4 ,bo? 9 conviction & 9 art !y lack$ t poetic1 glorify+ brea? :i* p]vades ,watteau's creations4 ,9 ,watteau "o believes t ^! graci\s be+s1 ^! tall & n]v\s cavali]s1 ^! amiable coquettes & comely wom51 actually repres5t orig9als 9 noble society2 :]eas 9 ! works ( 8 disciples x (t5 happ5s t ! paid model1 select$ f a l[] circle ( society1 appe>s to u to be n congru\s ) ! elegance ( h] w>drobe4 ,^! danc]s1 huntsm51 & noble maid5s are n :olly :at !y %\ld repres5t4 ,b h[ delici\s !y are1 ^! ,fr5* gossips1 s long z "o is m9dful n to ?9k ( ,watteau6 ,:at grace is !irs too6 ,:at innate tact6 ,) :at a pleasant adroitness d !y und]/& h[ to rivet our att5tion1 & to keep f>1 f> away f ! t$ium 9 :i* _! classical ance/ors1 ) _! natural heav9ess1 wad$6 ,in/9ctively & )\t ef=t !y reject$ ! rhy?mically balanc$ composition & correct nobility ( =m ( ! classics1 & f\nd a *>act]i/ic expression = uncon/ra9$ ge/ures1 pleas+ movem5ts1 & ref9$ elegance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,greuze4 ,l',art4 ,ev5 ! decorative pa9t]s ab&on$ m & m ! mu*-worn pa?s ( ! ,italians4 ,franois ,lemo9e gave !m1 by ,rub5s' aid1 ! transition to a mann] peculi>ly ,fr5*1 elegant1 s5su\s1 *>m+4 ,8 pupil1 ,franois ,b\*]1 foll[$ him4 ,l ! sons ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 he made exhau/ive use ( my?ological subjects & 0 (t5 a sup]ficial arti/1 & 9 8 lat] works he became entirely a mann]i/2 b he 0 n s at ! beg9n+4 ,x 0 a great advance = ,france :5 ,b\*] gave 8 pupils ! advice to ab/a9 f imitation ( ! great ,italian ma/]s1 & n to gr[ z cold z ice4 ,& :at a great naturali/ he is 9 8 num]\s draw+s & et*+s1 & 9 ^? m>vell\s gr\ps ( *ubby *ildr5 :o are play+ & tumbl+ ab\t on cl\ds1 or play+ musical in/rum5ts %oot+ arr[s1 or sport+ ) fl[]s6 ,x is n e "o :o has ! /uff to make a ,b\*] ev5 8 great antagoni/ ,david has said ( him4 ,9 ,fragon>d1 aga91 !re 0 summ$ up all ! joy ( life & ! frivolity1 ! lu/r\s1 luxuri\s tal5t1 ! *>m+ amiability & nimble sur5ess1 ( ,fr5* art 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,fragon>d has pa9t$ ev]y?+4 ,8 great decorations are c>eless inspirations1 sp>kl+ ) _s & life4 ,) him pa/oral sc5es alt]nate ) episodes ( ev]yday life--*ildr51 guit> play]s1 wom5 read+4 ,fragon>d is a piquant1 +5i\s pa9t]4 ,p]haps h>dly any o!r pa9t] has s mu* kiss+ 9 8 pictures4 ,8 et*+1 ,l'armoire1 ( #aggh1 is well kn[n4 ,9 t he already /ood on ! sure gr\nd ( popul> life4 ,! old ru/ic1 :o is arm$ ) a =midable cudgel1 is beat+ op51 ) ! assi/ance ( 8 wife1 ! doors ( a great clo!s cupbo>d1 9 :i* a h&some "y fell[ has hidd5 himself2 close by is a pretty f>m girl1 weep+ 9 confusion into h] apron2 9 ! backgr\nd ! curi\s & amaz$ little si/]s are look+ on4 ,illu/ration3 ,,greuze4 ,,! ,,milkmaid4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,greuze4 ,,head ,,( ,a ,,girl4 ,j4 ,f4 de ,troy _h1 at ! same "t1 ab&on$ himself to a m frolicsome mann]1 _h play$ ^u pa9t+ 9 pictures su* z ,! ,proposal ( ,m>riage & ,! ,g>t] ) some?+ ( t frivolity :i* lat] came into fa%ion ?r\gh ,baud\94 ,t1 h[ev]1 0 only = a v %ort "t4 ,life 0 beg9n+ to be 9 e>ne/--t is r ! impression "o receives mu* e>li]1 f turn+ ov] ! engrav+s ( ^? ye>s4 ,among/ ! eld]s ( ! actual rococo age1 cont5tm5t & gaiety /ill rule4 ,z ! heirs ( an old civilisation1 ! ari/ocracy und]/ood1 ) a ref9$ & unique und]/&+1 h[ to turn life into a fea/4 ,silk tra9s ru/le ov] ! p>quet1 silk %oes trip1 eyes gleam1 diamonds fla%1 :ite bosoms heave4 ,tall cavali]s advance to _! sprightly p>tn]s1 gossip & smiles fly ar\nd1 ,knights ( ,malta & abbs hang ov] ! *airs & pay _! c\rt4 ,yes1 ?is autumn ( ! old ,fr5* culture 0 ( a m>vell\s beauty = ! =tunate1 & ^? =tunate ones knew1 z no o!r g5]ation has ev] done1 h[ to enjoy life ) s]5ity1 9 a fairy glam\r ( rooms gleam+ ) ,v5etian *&eli]s1 :]e rosy ,cupidons laugh$ d[n bewit*+ly f _! light1 gold m\ld$ panels4 ,"u ,l\is ,,xvi ! ,fr5* salon acquir$ ano!r aspect4 ,its walls1 its :ole ar*itecture1 7 m sombre4 ,! ,cupidons /ill sport$ on ! ceil+1 b !y 7 =gott51 l gho/s ( ! pa/2 _! %afts 7 already impot5t4 ,! vivaci\s1 danc+ c\ples h disappe>$4 ,fe/ivity has be5 bani%$ f ! big rooms3 "h & !re is se5 an e>ne/ conv]sational p>ty2 g5tlem5 play+ c>ds or ladies read+ philosophical books4 ,social & political int]e/s h sprung up ) :i* p ( education pref] to occupy !mselves4 ,num]\s works on comm]ce & con/itutional me?ods h appe>$ dur+ ! la/ fifty ye>s4 ,9 place ( sc&al !re crop up argum5ts1 = & aga9/ ! ,p>liam5t1 = & aga9/ ! ,jesuits4 ,enlight5m5t _h won its victory4 ,h5ce=? developm5t is no long] compatible ) s5su\s delight4 ,x is /ill ! same society z be=e1 b )\t pleasure4 ,"o almo/ brea!s ! air ( #aghi4 ,gam+ is only a /ruggle aga9/ ennui2 ! =eheads ( wom5 are furr[$ ) read+4 ,society has gr[n s]i\s & sombre1 z x 71 ) a pres5tim5t ( :at is to come1 z ?\gh de/9y might ?us be set aside4 ,! writ+s ( ,did]ot af=d ! cle>e/ in/ance ( ?is *ang$ _s ( ! age1 & art too mu/ become virtu\s1 & "w = ! amelioration ( ! _w4 ,?us ,did]ot upheld ! s5tim5tal & emotional subject aga9/ ! ftes galantes ( ! rococo pa9t]4 ,b\*] d]iv$ 8 inspiration f ! sl\gh ( pro/itution2 only a moral upheaval c\ld t5d to a high /yle4 ,) ,b\*] ! idea ( hon\r1 ( innoc5ce1 has become some?+ /range2 ! new age requires virtue1 bonnes moeurs4 ,b :]e are ! virtues to be f\nd8 ,naturally1 !re alone1 :]e ,r\sseau _h discov]$ !m4 ,r\sseau taught t man by nature 0 good1 t he 0 noble1 consci\s ( 8 moral obligations1 self-sacrific+ & uncorrupt$ :5 he came f ! h&s ( 8 ,mak]1 & t x 0 civilisation :i* fir/ corrupt$ him4 ,x foll[$ t ! mo/ civilis$ are ! mo/ corrupt1 & virtues are to be met )1 if any:]e1 among/ ! l[] ord]s1 :o are ! lea/ affect$ by culture4 ,n b5ea? an embroid]$ wai/coat1 only b5ea? a wooll5 smock1 c a noble he>t beat4 ,! happy ignorance ( ! "y ,savoy>d1 eat+ 8 *eese or 8 oranges 9 a *ur* por*1 lies ne>] to ! orig9al p]fection ( mank9d ?an ! mo/ subtle erudition ( ! mo/ +5i\s ( ! encyclopdi/s4 ,among/ nature's noblem5 "o mu/ seek = ! secret ( virtue1 :i* has be5 lo/ by ! ari/ocracy 9 ! /ream ( civilisation4 ,?us b5ea? ! gis ( ,r\sseau's philosophy ! ,?ird ,e/ate makes its entry into ,fr5* salons4 ,f ! man ( ! p society want$ to le>n h[ to become once m simple1 unassum+1 & virtu\s2 & x 0 a gruesome irony ( fate t ?is man ( ! p %\ld reveal himself lat]1 :5 ! guillot9e /ood 9 ! ,place de la ,concorde1 z by no means s lamblike1 mode/1 & self-sacrific+ z t noble society _h imag9$ him4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,greuze4 ,,girl ,,c>ry+ ,a ,,lamb4 ,greuze repres5t$ ?is phase ( ,fr5* art :5 ! riot\s c>nival ( rococo _h come to an end1 & ! ,a% ,w$nesday ( rule & fa/+ & p5it5ce _h ensu$4 ,x 0 consid]$ t ! aim ( art mu/ be to in/ruct & elevate1 n m]ely to amuse2 x %\ld set an example to raise & inspire ! good1 to s]ve z a w>n+ = ! bad4 ,r5dre la v]tu aimable1 le vice odieux1 le ridicule saillant1 voil le projet de t\t honnte homme qui pr5d la plume1 le p9ceau ou le ciseau4 ,9 ^! words ,did]ot =mulat$ 8 programme4 ,x 0 8 wi% t ! corrupt man1 :5 he w5t to an exhibition1 %\ld feel pricks ( consci5ce at ! pictures & read 9 !m 8 own condemnation4 ,si ses pas le conduis5t au ,salon1 qu'il craigne d'arrt] ses reg>ds sur la toile4 ,educational effects1 moral /ories told 9 pictures1 t is ! keynote ( ,did]ot's dem&s ^u ! pa9t]1 & ( ! accompli%m5t ( ,greuze 9 answ] to ?is claim4 ,he is ! ,fr5* ,hog>?1 :e!r he pa9ts 9 sombre col\rs ! mis]y t ! drunk>d br+s ^u 8 family1 & ! horrors ( pov]ty1 or depicts 9 bright] tones ! love ( *ildr5 = _! p>5ts & ! works ( *>ity2 & ) him too1 z ) ! ,engli%man1 8 title 0 *os5 ) a didactic aft]-?\ght to height5 ! effect ( 8 picture4 ,?us su* sc5es z ^! occurr$3 ,! ,fa!r's ,curse1 ,! ,consolation ( ,age1 ,! ,son's ,correction1 ,! ,ungrateful ,son1 ,! ,belov$ ,"m1 ,! ,spoilt ,*ild1 ,! ,lame ,man t5d$ by 8 ,relations1 & ,! ,results ( ,good ,education4 ,he _h ?is1 too1 9 common ) ,hog>?3 he lik$ to develop 8 moral /ories 9 long s]ies1 :i* inv>iably end$ ) ! triumph ( virtue & ! puni%m5t ( vice4 ,! didactic /ory ( ,bazile et ,?ibaut attempt$ to relate 9 tw5ty-six *apt]s ! influ5ce ( a good education on ! =mation ( a :ole life2 &1 j z 9 ,hog>?'s /ory ( ! two appr5tices1 "h too1 at ! conclusion1 ! well-educat$ ,?ibaut pron\nces s5t5ce ( dea? ov] 8 old fri5d ,bazile1 ! badly educat$1 & n[ condemn$ murd]]4 ,! fact t 9 o!r ?+s ! two moral apo/les diff] greatly f ea* o!r is acc\nt$ = by ! diff]5ce 9 ! national *>act]i/ics ( ^? to :om !y v>i\sly appeal$4 ,hog>? sc\rg$ ! vices ( ! ,?ird ,e/ate 9 ord] to raise !m to morality4 ,rape1 blood%$1 debau*]y1 disord]l9ess1 gluttony1 & drunk5ness--t 0 ! *annel ?r\gh :i* 9 ,engl& at t day ! furi\s flood ( ! uncontroll$ _s ( ! populace p\r$ itself1 foam+ & rag+ ) fe>ful natural =ce4 ,hog>? swung ov] ^! human animals ! /\t cudgel ( morality 9 ! mann] ( a /urdy policeman & ,puritan b\rgeois4 ,) su* p a delicate =be>ance w\ld h be5 misplac$4 ,at ! foot ( e prison-sc5e he inscrib$ ! "n ( ! vice t he _h pillori$ !re1 & subjo9$ ! pr$ict$ damnation f ,holy ,writ4 ,he reveals x 9 its hide\sness1 he /eeps x 9 its fil?1 traces x to its retribution1 s t ev5 ! mo/ vitiat$ consci5ce mu/ recognise x & ! mo/ h>d5$ abhor x4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,greuze4 ,,girl ,,look+ ,,up4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,greuze4 ,,girl ,,) ,,an ,,apple4 ,greuze employs ! ,?ird ,e/ate z a mirror ( virtue1 sets =? its noble qualities z an edification to an ari/ocracy t has gr[n vici\s4 ,less primitive &1 = t v reason1 less orig9al ?an ,hog>?1 he nev] =gets t he lives 9 ! mo/ ref9$ social p]iod 9 hi/ory4 ,he does n /rangle 8 culprits to provide t]rify+ examples1 b ne>ly always leaves a corn] op5 = rep5tance4 ,he knew t he d>$ n exact too mu* f ! n]ves ( 8 noble public2 he m]ely wi%$ to /ir !m to a s(t vibration4 ,he did n pa9t = drunk5 ,engli% p1 b = ^? p]fum$ m>quises :o1 lat] on1 b[$ ) s c\rtly an elegance be=e ! guillot9e2 = ^? s5sitive ladies 9 :om virtue n[ excit$ ! same s5sual delight t vice _h done be=e4 ,!y welcom$ 9 him ! high prie/ ( a sort ( orgie ( virtue1 to ^: fe/ivals !y _h gr[n reconcil$4 ,! c5tury :i* 9 its fir/ half _h danc$ z light-he>t$ly z any o!r ! c-c ( life1 becomes1 9 its second half1 sad ( s\l1 en?usia/ic ov] ! rew>d ( ju/ice1 ! puni%m5t ( transgressors1 ov] hon\r & ! navet ( innoc5ce4 ,"t aft] "t d 8 contempor>ies praise precisely t s5se ( virtue 9 ! art ( ,greuze4 ,s t 9 ,france1 z 9 ,engl&1 ! burd5 ( int]e/ 0 laid no long] ^u ! art1 b ^u an accessory circum/ance4 ,= s9ce1 9 ! h&s ( ,greuze1 ! picture _h be5 turn$ into an argum5t1 9 ,france1 z 9 ,engl&1 art ceas$ to be an end--x became only a means4 ,he made pa9t+ a didactic poem1 ! m melodramatic ! bett]1 & 0 driv5 !reby on ! same s&bank ^u :i* ,hog>?1 & all g5re pa9t]s :o w\ld be m ?an pa9t]s1 h made %ipwreck4 ,9 ord] to br+ out 8 /ory ) ! utmo/ possible di/9ctness1 he 0 too frequ5tly compell$ unduly to acc5tuate 8 po9t4 ,! effect became affect$1 ! pa?os !atrical4 ,8 picture ( ! ,fa!r's ,curse 9 ! ,l\vre1 ) ! infuriat$ old man1 ! son hurry+ wildly away1 & ! weep+ si/]s1 resembles ! la/ act ( a melodrama4 ,! ,c\ntry ,w$d+1 :]e ! fa!r-9-law has giv5 ! "y bridegroom ! purse ) ! d[ry1 & n[ pa!tically obs]ves1 ,take x1 & be happy1 might j z well h be5 entitl$ ,! ,fa!r's ,la/ ,bless+4 ,9 ! picture 9 :i* a noble dame takes h] daught] to ! b$side ( two poor p]sons :o are ill1 to accu/om h] 9 e>ly life to works ( *>ity1 ! p]sonages 9 ! picture1 arrang$ exactly z if ^u a /age1 mu/ h be5 !mselves uncommonly mov$ by ! t\*+ & praisewor?y action4 ,greuze 0 ! fa!r ( g5re pa9t+ 9 ,france--t b>b>ic1 /ory-tell+ art :i* replac$ tableaux vivants bas$ ^u ! lit]>y idea by ! ,dut*m5's picturesque & well-obs]v$ selections f nature4 ,beyond t1 h[ev]1 x mu/ n be =gott5 t he1 l ,hog>?1 psy*ologically oppos$ to ! e>li] art1 %[$ practical progress 9 _m ( 8 works4 ,!re 7 few 9 ,fr5* art be=e him :o depict$ ! emotions ( ! s\l ) su* ref9em5t z ,greuze 9 8 ,read+ ( ! ,bible4 ,9 proportion to ! und]/&+ & "* ( ! individual is ! impression ( ! li/5] reflect$ on 8 c\nt5ance4 ,t 0 some?+ new 9 comp>ison ) ! laugh+ gods ( ,b\*]4 ,& t ,greuze 0 also capable ( ! mo/ highly pictorial magic :5 he c\ld once br+ himself to lay aside ! moral tea*] is prov$ by 8 rosy1 inspir$ heads ( "y girls4 ,he nev] grew we>y ( pa9t+ ^! pretty *ildr5 9 e situation & attitude at t s$uctive age :i* hides ! *>m+ feet b5ea? ! fir/ long g[n4 ,blonde or brunette1 ) a blue ribbon 9 ! hair1 a little clu/] ( fl[]s 9 ! bodice1 !y gaze out ^u life ) _! big1 br[n *ild eyes1 full ( curiosity & misgiv+4 ,a light gauze cov]s ! s(t l9es ( ! neck1 ! %\ld]s are z yet h>dly r\nd$1 ! p\t+ lips are fre% z ! morn+ dew1 & only ! two rosy1 budd+ brea/s1 t fight lu/ily aga9/ _! imprisonm5t1 & seem1 l ,/]ne's />l+1 to cry1 ,i _c get out1 betray t ! woman is already awake 9 ! *ild4 ,greuze's "n w always be associat$ ) ^! girl types1 j z t ( ,leon>do is ) ! dreamy1 smil+ sph9x-l head ( ,mona ,lisa4 ,9 !m he has giv5 an unsurpassable expression to ! ideal ( innoc5ce at ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 & provid$ 9 !m a new ?rill ( beauty = 8 contempor>ies4 ,& a blas society :i* _h indulg$ 9 e lic5ce ba!d itself ) passionate delight 9 ! unkn[n my/]y ( ?is surg+ flood4 ,yes1 aft] ! /imulat+ *ampagne ( rococo1 p _h ev5 come to delight 9 simple black bread4 ,& s1 out ( b\rgeoisie itself1 a s*ool ( pa9t+ 0 develop$ z fre% & heal?y z ?is4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux ,arts4 ,,*>d94 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself4 ,*>d91 ! c>p5t]'s son1 is at ! head ( ?is dome/ic art 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,aft] ,greuze1 ! pa9t] ( ref9$ ta/e1 he seems1 a com=table1 heal?y1 b\rgeois ma/] 9 :om ! ,dut*man ( ! be/ p]iod once m appe>s ^u e>?4 ,aft] ! k+ _h1 up to ! close ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 be5 ! c5tre r\nd :i* ev]y?+ turn$1 ! solit>y p]sonality :i* d>$ to appe> indep5d5t1 & ^u :i* ! re/ ( ! _w =m$ itself2 aft] ! circles r\nd ! c\rt _h next fre$ !mselves1 & ga9$ ! "r to enjoy life & art = !mselves1 !re /ill rema9$ a ?ird /ep to surm\nt4 ,society abdicates 9 fav\r ( a free & heal?y b\rgeoisie4 ,a surgeon's sign 0 ! fir/ "w :i* br\ght ! "y man1 :o _h receiv$ no sy/ematic education1 into notice4 ,! surgeon is 9 8 %op att5d+ to a man :o has be5 w\nd$ 9 a duel1 gr\p$ ar\nd are curi\s by/&]s1 :ile ! commiss>y ( police inve/igates ! case ) a grave c\nt5ance4 ,x is ! fir/ picture ( ! ,p>isian life ( ! p4 ,& ,*>d91 ) 8 middle-class orig91 rema9$ ! advocate ( middle-class dome/ic life4 ,he is ! ,watteau ( ! ,?ird ,e/ate4 ,greuze owes 8 success1 9 ! fir/ place1 to ! +5i\s mann] 9 :i* he made himself ! spokesman ( ! moral t5d5cy ( 8 age4 ,x int]e/$ contempor>y society to be told t x is beautiful to see m>ri$ folk live toge!r 9 happ9ess2 t "y mo!rs d a good action 9 nurs+ _! *ildr51 :5 x is possible1 !mselves2 t man %\ld rep5t ( 8 s9s2 & t he :o hon\rs 8 fa!r & "m lives long 9 ! l&4 ,n[adays we ?ank him = ^! wise c\nsels1 b say1 at ! same "t1 t we c\ld h done )\t !m4 ,we no long] see ! necessity ( illu/rat+ ! t5 comm&m5ts1 & notice n[ all ! m ! mann]isms1 ! rhetorical /rokes ( advocacy :i* ! pa9t] mu/ employ 9 ord] to plead successfully4 ,*>d9's effect is z fre% to-day z x 0 a hundr$ ye>s ago1 because he 0 a %e] arti/1 :o did n seek to tell a /ory1 b only to repres5t1--a reali/ ( ! f9e/ /amp1 belong+ 9 8 exquisite s5se ( col\r values to ! illu/ri\s family ( ! ,t]burgs4 ,8 pictures h no purpose4 ,! wa%]woman1 ! woman scrap+ c>rots1 ! h\sewife at h] manifold tasks--t is ,*>d9's _w2 ! atmosph]e 9 :i* ^! figures move1 ! %imm]+ light t floats 9 ! half-d>k kit*51 ! weal? ( sun-rays t play ^u ! :ite tableclo?s & br[n-panell$ walls--^? are 8 fields ( /udy4 ,*>d9 liv$ 9 an old /udio1 high up ne> ! ro(1 a quiet1 d>k room t 0 usually full ( vegetables :i* he us$ = 8 /ill life4 ,!re 0 some?+ picturesque ab\t ! du/y walls :]e ! moi/ gre5 ( vegetables m+l$ s h>moni\sly ) ! "t-worn1 sombre br[n ( ! wa9scot+1 & ! :ite table-clo? 0 flood$ ) ! silv]y gre5 :i* p\r$ 9 f a little skylight4 ,9 ?is peaceful & h>moni\sly ton$ *amb] 7 laid ^? small dome/ic sc5es1 :i* he s lov$ to pa9t1 & :i* 7 call$ by ! ,fr5*1 9 contra/ to ! ,ftes ,galantes1 ,amusem5ts de la ,vie ,prive4 ,! clock ticks1 ! lamp burns1 wat] is boil+ on ! homely til$ /ove4 ,!re is an effect 9 e "o ( 8 pictures1 z ?\gh he _h liv$ !m himself1 z if !y 7 rem9isc5ces ( some?+ de> to him & famili>4 ,9 contra/ to ,greuze he %unn$ all critical mom5ts1 & depict$ only ! quiet life ( cu/om1 ev]yday life z x befell 9 a con/ant1 regul> r\t9e4 ,!re are no ha/y movem5ts ) him1 no cata/rophes nor complications2 he has a pref]5ce = /ill life 9 ! _w ( m51 j z 9 nature4 ,he is p> excell5ce ! pa9t] ( ,intimitt 7intimate life72 :i* is n ! same z a g5re pa9t]4 ,pa9t]s :o 9 ! mann] ( g5re h depict$ dome/ic sc5es 9 rooms are to be f\nd 9 e s*ool2 b h[ few h kn[n h[ to depict ! poetry ( ! family life ) su* tru?1 ) su* an abs5ce ( affectation & insipidity6 ,) ,*>d9 art & life are int]fus$4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,b4 ,s4 ,,*>d9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,c>ds ,illu/ration3 ,,*>d94 ,,grace ,,be=e ,,meat4 ,no ,dut*man1 h[ev]1 _h p5etrat$ into ! nurs]y4 ,*>d91 9 surpris+ ! *ild-_w at _! games1 9 _! joys & sorr[s1 has op5$ out to art a new prov9ce4 ,& ) :at affectionate devotion has he n absorb$ himself 9 ! _s ( ! little p6 ,i "k ( no "o be=e him :o has pa9t$ ! unconsci\s spiritual life ( ! *ild ) su* discreet t5d]ness3 ! little h&s t grasp at some?+1 ! lips t a "m w\ld l to kiss1 ! dreamy wide-op5 "y eyes4 ,9 ?is ,*>d9 is a ma/]4 ,x is n only obvi\s expressions ( joy & sorr[1 b ^? ref9$ %ades1 s difficult to seize1 ( obs]vation1 ?\ghtfulness1 consid]ation1 calm reflection1 qua9tness1 ob/9acy or sulk+1 :i* he analyses 9 ! eyes ( ! *ild4 ,!re is ! little girl play+ ) h] doll1 & lavi%+ on h] all ! love & c>e ( a t5d] "m4 ,!re is an eld]ly1 half-gr[n-up little lady tea*+ h] y\ng] bro!r ! my/]ies ( ! alphabet4 ,!n come ! games & ! tasks4 ,!y build c>d-h\ses1 bl[ bubbles1 or are :olly engross$ 9 _! draw+-books & home-lessons4 ,h[ att5tive ! little girl is ^: "m has j giv5 h] h] fir/ embroid]y mat]ials4 ,h[ *>m+ly emb>rass$ is ! small boy :om %e he>s 8 lesson4 ,& :at tr\ble %e takes 9 ! morn+1 t h] d>l+ %all be clean & tidy :5 he goes to s*ool4 ,9 "o picture ! cap on ! little girl's head is crook$1 & h] "m is putt+ x /raight1 :il/ ! *ild ) a pretty pride is peep+ curi\sly 9 ! glass4 ,aga91 !re is ! boy j say+ good-bye4 ,he is neat & well comb$2 8 play?+s1 too1 h be5 nicely tidi$ up1 & 8 books are "u 8 arm4 ,8 "m takes 8 ?ree-corn]$ hat (f aga9 9 ord] to bru% x prop]ly4 ,:5 s*ool is ov]1 y see !m sitt+ at d9n]4 ,! table is laid ) a sn[-:ite clo?1 & ! cook is j br++ 9 a /eam+ di%4 ,x is t\*+ to see h[ prettily ! small boy clasps 8 h&s & says 8 grace4 ,& :5 !y are aga9 (f to aft]noon s*ool ! "m sits alone4 ,%e looks *>m+ 9 h] simple h\se-dress1 ) ! loose sleeves1 h] clean :ite apron & k]*ief1 h] /rip$ petticoat & coquetti% cap4 ,soon %e takes h] embroid]y on h] lap & /oops =w>d to take a ball ( wool out ( h] basket4 ,next %e sits be=e ! fire 9 a cosy corn] aga9/ a fold+ scre54 ,a half-op5$ book re/s 9 h] h&1 a tea-cup /&s close by1 a homely atmosph]e ( ! liv+ room hov]s r\nd h]4 ,!n1 l a true h\sewife1 %e takes up h] h\se-keep+ book1 or goes into ! kit*5 to help ! cook1 :ile %e scrapes c>rots or scrubs ! cook+ ut5sils or br+s 9 ! meat f ! l>d]4 ,x is all r5d]$ ) su* tru? & simplicity t "o acquires an affection = ,*>d91 :o ) 8 art got to ! root ( family life & be/[$ ^u x ! subtle/ gifts ( obs]vation & g5]\s compreh5sion1 :ile none ! less 8 dome/icity nev] became commonplace4 ,illu/ration3 ,,daniel ,,*od[iecki4 ,8 contempor>y1 ti5ne ,jeurat1 pa9t$ sc5es at c\ntry fairs1 & ,jean ,bapti/e le ,pr9ce pictures ( gu>drooms & simil> subjects4 ,9 ,holl& ,cornelis ,troo/ w5t on p>allel l9es ) him4 ,he depict$ ! life ( 8 age & ( 8 nation--comic sc5es1 banquets1 w$d+s1 & ! l--9 pa/els or wat] col\rs1 & t )\t seek+ inspiration f any ( ! ,dut* classics1 b ) a vivid1 intellig5t compreh5sion4 ,ev5 ,italian art end$ 9 two g5re pa9t]s1 ! ,v5etians ,rot>i & ,pietro ,longhi1 :o h bequea!d to u su* *>m+ little pictures ( ! life ( t age--=tune-tell]s1 danc+-ma/]s1 tailors1 apo!c>ies1 little boys & girls at play or at _! tasks4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,*od[iecki4 ,,! ,,family ,,picture4 ,g]many pres5t$ no su* great manife/ation z ,*>d91 al?\gh !re too ! t5d5cy 0 ! same4 ,!re too1 aft] ! deva/ation ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w>1 a moral1 active b\rgeoisie _h at la/ sprung up t 0 prep>$ to take up ! l9e :i* _h be5 already laid d[n by ! ,engli%4 ,less+ 0 ! fir/ 9 ?is magnific5t /ruggle = evolution4 ,he wrote1 9 8 ,miss ,s>ah ,sampson1 ! fir/ ,g]man trag$y )\t ! support ( great my?ical or hi/orical h]oes1 & )\t ! /iff pond]\sness ( ! ,alex&r9e4 ,he decl>$1 l ,moore1 t helmets & diadems d n make tragic h]oes2 he ev5 9 8 ,m9na set vividly be=e ! eyes ( 8 contempor>ies some?+ 9 ! imm$iate pres5t1 ! ,sev5 ,ye>s' ,w>4 ,& j z ,less+ lib]at$ ! ,g]man drama f ! jurisdiction ( ,boileau1 s art began to mut9y aga9/ ! classicism :i* _h come 9 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ,france1 & :i* _h be5 inh]it$ f ! age :5 x 0 ! pride ( ,g]man c\rts to be small copies ( ,v]sailles4 ,h[ exce$+ly abhorr5t to me are our b]\g$ puppet pa9t]s1 cries ! "y ,goe!1 9 8 essay on ,g]man /yle & art1 ,i c\ld n suffici5tly prote/2 !y h caught ! eyes ( ! wom5 ) !atrical poses1 false complexions1 & gaudy co/umes2 ! wood engrav+s ( manly old ,albre*t ,dr]1 at :om tyros sc(f1 are m welcome to me4444 ,only :]e intimacy & simplicity exi/ is all arti/ic vig\r to be f\nd1 & woe to ! arti/ :o leaves 8 hut to squ&] himself 9 academic halls ( /ate4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,*od[iecki4 ,,all ,,sorts ,,& ,,conditions ,,( ,,wom54 ,daniel ,*od[iecki1 ) all 8 commonplac5ess1 is a g5u9e expression ( ?is phase ( ,g]man art4 ,he 9 ,g]many1 ,hog>? 9 ,engl&1 & ,*>d9 9 ,france1 are products ( ! same t5d5cy ( ! age4 ,aft] ,less+ _h produc$ 9 ,m9na ! fir/ dome/ic ,g]man trag$y1 ,*od[iecki1 foll[+ ! road ( ,hog>? & ,*>d91 0 able to become ! pa9t] ( ! ,g]man middle class4 ,he is n a ma/] ( su* p5etrat+ /r5g? z !y 71 b he is no less an arti/ ( notable m]it4 ,he is c]ta9ly no g5ius--9 fact almo/ a h&icraftsman1 sob] & phili/9e1 b1 l ,hog>?1 a self-made man :o 9 8 :ole arti/ic & p]sonal outlook 0 root$ 9 ! soil ( 8 city & ( 8 age4 ,b]l9 society ( t day 0 ! basis ( 8 art1 ! daily life ( h\se & /reet 8 doma94 ,he began by illu/rat+ poems & depict+ sc5es out ( ! ,sev5 ,ye>s' ,w> & ! ,hi/ory ( ,*>les ! ,great1 & w5t on f t to ! pleasant1 homely life ( ! small b\rgeoisie4 ,himself ( ! middle classes1 he *iefly work$ = !m1 & ) 8 s5sitive & dext]\s grav+ tool he kept ! livelie/ & mo/ exhau/ive *ronicle ( ! ,g]man b\rgeoisie ( t age4 ,at times almo/ too reasonable & prosaic1 a g5u9e ,nicolai1 he has 9 o!r plates an en*ant+ fre%ness1 &--:i* %\ld n be =gott5--is m ( an arti/ ?an ,hog>?1 s9ce he is nei!r morali/ nor satiri/4 ,8 object1 )\t any moral aft]-?\ght1 0 ! true & k9dly obs]vation ( life z display$ 9 ! _w ar\nd him4 ,he took ! :olly nave delight ( ! g5u9e arti/ 9 turn+ ev]y?+ he saw into a picture4 ,^! *ronicles ( 8 h "s1 x may be b a p>ticle1 ( ! _s ( ,dr]4 ,simultane\sly1 ! "y ,tis*be9 delv$ into ! pa/ ( ! nation1 ! age ( ,conrad9 & ! ,hoh5/auf51 ) ! int5tion ( f9d+ !re ! simplicity :i* ! academic pictures _h come to lack2 &1 lat] on1 he pa9t$ 9 ,hamburg extremely reali/ic hi/orical pictures ( 8 own p]iod1 su* z t :i* is to be f\nd 9 ! ,old5burg ,gall]y3 ,entry ( ,g5]al ,b5igs5 into ,hamburg1 #ahad4 ,he did good "w too z a portrait pa9t]4 ,9 8 be/ picture1 ,goe! among/ ! ,ru9s ( ,rome1 ! head ( ! poet is en]getic & full ( /r5g?1 ! col\r+ ( an excell5t cle> grey4 ,9 portrait pa9t+ 9 g5]al1 ! revolution is reflect$ ) especial cle>ness4 ,! artificial mann] t _h be5 copi$ f ! sev5te5? c5tury1 ! age ( long p]ukes1 gives way1 sl[ly b surely1 to an ev]-gr[+ naturalness1 simplicity1 & orig9ality4 ,at t "t1 :ile ! _s ( ,l\is ,,xiv /ill hov]$ ov] ev]y?+1 ! passion ( ! individual to be k+ 9 8 own sph]e _h p5etrat$ into ! family4 ,! hone/ citiz51 !re=e1 w\ld n let himself be pa9t$ z su*1 b only z a pr9ce1--he1 himself1 9 gala dress1 ) a pomp\s air1 z /ately z ?\gh he 7 giv+ an audi5ce to ! spectator1 8 wife 9 silk & gold & lace2 %e has a great mantle ( /ate worn loose ov] h] %\ld]s & hips1 & looks d[n ) an assumption ( gr&eur on h] gr&*ild1 :o is half respectful & half incl9$ to make fun4 ,! frame is z ri* z ! co/ume1 & probably be>s a cr[n4 ,we are ) difficulty p]suad$ t ^! are pictures ( simple citiz5s1 t ! man1 ap>t f ! h\rs dur+ :i* he sat to ! pa9t]1 is an indu/ri\s tradesman1 & ! wife1 glanc+ out s haughtily1 mo/ probably d>n$ 8 /ock+s4 ,_! portraits seem to =m "p ( an ance/ral gall]y4 ,?is age ( pr9cely /ate 0 foll[$ by t ( frat]nity4 ,9 place ( b]\g$ & po/ur$ portraits ) allegorical accessories1 !re appe>$ simple1 unpret5ti\s lik5esses ( human be+s 9 _! "w-a-day clo!s2 9 place ( /iff attitudes1 g5re motives ) ! easy naturalness ( ev]yday life4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,*od[iecki4 ,,! ,,morn+ ,,complim5t4 ,9 ,b]l91 ev] s9ce #agji1 ,anto9e ,pesne _h be5 = half a c5tury ! c5tre ( arti/ic life1 & 9 8 works ! revolution may be trac$4 ,some?+ famili> & intimate takes ! place ( t /ately pomp4 ,! pr9ces1 hi!rto1 _h lik$ to be repres5t$ 9 m$ival arm\r or antique equipm5t2 ,pesne pa9t$ !m 9 ! co/ume ( ! "t4 ,& 9 8 portraits ( 8 fri5ds & 8 family circle he has be5 /ill m uncon/ra9$4 ,!re is ! *>m+ picture ( #agah1 9 ! ,new ,palace at ,potsdam1 :i* %[s ! pa9t] himself ) 8 wife & 8 two *ildr52 ! portrait ( ,s*midt ! engrav]1 9 ! ,b]l9 ,museum2 & ! beautiful picture ( #aged 9 ! collection ( ,colonel ,von ,b]ke1 at ,s*emnitz1 :i* depicts him aga9 at ! age ( sev5ty-"o ) 8 two daught]s4 ,pesne is reveal$ 9 ^! *>act]i/ic portraits1 z well z 9 8 "* pictures 9 ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y 7,! ,girl ) ! ,pigeons1 #agbh1 ,! ,cook ) ! ,turkey-h51 #agab71 z a ?or\ghly sane & /rong reali/1 ( a k9d :i* became almo/ ext9ct 9 ,b]l9 a hundr$ ye>s lat]4 ,9 ! next g5]ation1 9 ! ,/urm-und-,drang p]iod1 ,anton ,graff1 ! ,swiss1 took ! lead ) 8 simple1 dome/ic1 hone/1 real portraits4 ,x 0 a happy disposition ( fate t ,graff's activity j correspond$ ) ! great p]iod ( ! awak5+ ( intellectual life 9 ,g]many1 t ,less+ & ,s*ill]1 ,bodm] & ,gessn]1 ,wiel& & ,h]d]1 ,brg] & ,gell]t1 ,*ri/ian ,gottfri$ ,krn] & ,lipp]t1 ,moses ,m5delssohn & ,sulz]1 & a long succession ( o!r poets & s*ol>s ( ! eighte5? & ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 f\nd 9 him a portrait pa9t] ^: quick & agile h& left u _! features 9 ! true/ & mo/ au!ntic mann]4 ,:at & h[ robu/ 8 art is1 h[ cle> & pla/ic ! execution ( ! heads1 h[ adroit & infallible ! te*nique6 ,besides ,graff1 !re work$ 9 ,dresd5 ,*ri/ian ,leb]e*t ,vogel1 likewise a mo/ indep5d5t1 picturesque1 & s5sitive arti/1 :o1 if only = 8 pictures ( *ildr51 des]ves a place ( hon\r 9 ! hi/ory ( art 9 ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,9 ! portrait ( 8 two boys1 9 ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y1 ! navet ( *ild-life is obs]v$ ) su* t5d]ness & r5d]$ ) su* vig\r z only ,reynolds und]/ood4 ,! boys are sitt+ close toge!r on ! gr\nd4 ,"o1 9 a br[n frock1 is hold+ a book on 8 knees1 :i* ! o!r1 9 a r$ frock1 ) a :ip 9 8 h&1 is look+ at4 ,! ?\ghtful expression ( ! little ones is q *>m+2 ! execution broad & /rong1 ! col\r treatm5t delightful & t5d]4 ,9 ,muni* liv$ ! excell5t ,johann ,edl+]1 ! mo/ indu/ri\s ( ^! /urdy ma/]s1 :o 7 s mode/ & yet s capable4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,*od[iecki4 ,,! ,,arti/',s ,,nurs]y4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux ,arts4 ,,anto9e ,,pesne4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself ,,& ,,daught]s4 ,9 ! doma9 ( l&scape ! ,cont95t produc$ no "o :o c\ld be comp>$ ) ,ga9sbor\gh2 b "h1 too1 ! ,engli% influ5ce made itself felt4 ,x c be trac$ h[ ! same feel+ = nature :i* _h giv5 bir? to ,?omson's ,seasons & ,ga9sbor\gh's l&scapes1 aft]w>ds f\nd expression 9 ,france & ,g]many1 & dissipat$ ! prevail+ ta/e 9 g>d5s4 ,! sev5te5? c5tury--) ! exception ( ! ,dut*--_h set nature 9 ord] ) ! g>d5 %e>s4 ,z ,lebrun 9 8 hi/orical compositions endeav\r$ to outdo ! ,italians1 s ,l5tre's g>d5 /yle exemplifi$ ! p]fection & exagg]ation ( ! g>d5s ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance1 :i* !mselves aga9 7 laid out on ! plan ( ! old ,roman g>d5s f exi/+ descriptions4 ,a g>d5 rem9d$ "o m ( /ate ap>tm5ts1 :i* "o c\ld only walk ?r\gh ) measur$ /eps1 quietly & respectfully1 ?an ( nature1 :]e "o is1 & d>es to be1 human4 ,correspond+ to ?is =mally plann$1 correctly measur$ /yle ( g>d5 !re 0 a s*ool ( l&scape :i* improv$ nature on arti/ic pr9ciples1 &1 by ! arrangem5t ( bits ( nature1 produc$ a _w peculi>ly full ( /yle4 ,l&scapes 7 nicely laid-out p>ks1 :i*1 l ! figure pictures1 made = an ab/ract beauty ( mass & l9es1 & :i*1 by means ( accessories1 su* z classical ru9s1 w\ld turn "o's ?\ght to ! anci5t _w4 ,nature mu/ n1 z ,batteux taught1 be ! in/ructor ( ! arti/1 b ! arti/ mu/ select ! p>ts & build up 8 picture4 ,out ( _m leaves he takes only ! mo/ p]fectly develop$1 puts only su* p]fect leaves on "o tree1 & s obta9s a p]fect tree4 ,let ! ess5tial ( 8 production be nature *oisie1 a selection ( objects t are capable ( produc+ agreeable impressions2 8 aim le beau vrai qui e/ reprs5t comme s'il exi/ait rellem5t et avec t\tes les p]fections qu'il peut recevoir4 ,! eighte5? c5tury w5t back f ?is noble1 improv$ nature1 /ep by /ep to ! div9e beauty ( unimprov$ nature2 j z ^? ma/]s unt\*$ by ! ,romans1 ,dr] & ,altdorf]1 ,titian & ,rub5s1 ,br\w] & ,velasquez1 _h pa9t$ h]4 ,! great ,watteau1 too1 0 "h = ! mo/ "p 9 advance ( 8 age1 9 t1 in/ead ( ! /iffly design$ /age sc5]y ( ,p\ss91 he gave ,elysian l&scapes1--abodes ( love1 t n[ gli/5 9 ! sun%9e ( ! "y morn+1 n[ are suffus$ ) gold5 light & ! mi/y %ad[s ( ! ev5+ twilight4 ,! rose 9 h] "y bud is odor\s1 ! night+ale s+s1 ! doves coo1 ! light b\ghs :isp] to ! s(t we/ w9d1 bright silv] rivulets ripple1 ! w9d sighs ?r\gh ! tall bran*es4 ,watteau knew nature & lov$ h]1 & r5d]$ h] 9 h] transp>5t beauty ) ! intoxicat$ eyes ( a lov]4 ,! _s ( nature1 n ( humanity1 dom9ates 9 8 pictures4 ,x is only because nature is s lovely t man is s happy4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,photo1 ,mansell4 ,,watteau4 ,,! ,,music ,,p>ty4 ,b /ill m mod]n is ! effect1 :5 in/ead ( pa9t+ ,elysian l&scapes ) happy inhabitants1 he drew m]e bits ( rural nature1 poor solit>y regions 9 ! neighb\rhood ( big t[ns1 :]e bricklay]s are work+ on ! scaffold+ ( "s h\se1 or peasants are rid+ ) _! horses ov] "s /ony byway4 ,out ( a numb] ( spirit$ draw+s1 ?is side ( 8 p]ception 9 l&scape is especially notable 9 ! picture 9 ! ,new ,palace at ,potsdam1 9 ! left backgr\nd ( :i* a small /ream fl[s pa/ a f>mh\se1 :il/ 9 front a peasant is labori\sly dragg+ a two-:eel$ c>t ov] ! r\gh gr\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,photo1 ,mansell4 ,,watteau4 ,,! ,,return ,,f ,,! ,,*ase4 ,x is int]e/+ to obs]ve1 at t "t1 aft] ,watteau & 8 ,engli% pr$ecessors1 ! widespread gr[? ( ?is new feel+ = nature4 ,?omson 0 foll[$ by ,r\sseau1 :o1 on 8 lonely w&]+s1 look$ ) mov$ eyes at ! gold ( ! corn crop1 ! purple ( ! hea!r1 ! maje/y ( ! trees1 & ! wond]ful v>iety ( fl[]s & grasses4 ,he delight$ 9 ! blossom+ ( spr+1 ! copses & rivulets1 ! song ( birds1 %ady woods1 & ! l&scapes ( autumn1 :]e ! reap]s & v9e-dress]s 7 work+4 ,he is ! au?or ( t lively feel+ = nature t h5ce=? 0 ar\s$ ?r\gh ! :ole ( ,europe4 ,a brea? ( pure m\nta9 air1 a :olesome draught ( fre% wat] f ,lake ,leman1 7 br\ght sudd5ly into ! sultry atmosph]e ( salons1 & fill$ p's he>ts ) a new & *>m+ s5sation :5 ,r\sseau's works appe>$4 ,x 0 ov] ) all ef=ts ( /yli/s z soon z ,r\sseau decl>$ t ev]y?+ 0 good j z x came out ( ! lap ( ! univ]sal "m1 nature4 ,illu/ration3 ,,watteau4 ,f,,te ,,*amp,,tre4 ,goe!1 ! pupil ( ,r\sseau1 presages1 9 8 :ole conception ( nature1 some?+ ( ! manife/ation ( ! s*ool ( ,fonta9ebleau4 ,he _h some?+ ( ,daubigny :51 z ,w]!r1 he lies on ! bank ( ! /ream & looks d[n ?\ghtfully at ! worms & small insects4 ,he makes "o ?9k ( ,dupr or ,corot :5 he says3 ,z nature decl9es ^u autumn1 )9 me & ar\nd me x gr[s autumn2 or1 ,i c\ld n n[ draw s mu* z a /roke1 & ,i h nev] be5 a great] pa9t] ?an at ! pres5t mom5t2 or1 ,nev] h ,i be5 happi]1 nor has my p]ception ( nature1 d[n to ! pebble or ! grass b5ea? me1 be5 full] & m intimate4 ,yet1--,i "k n h[ ,i c express myself1 ev]y?+ swims & oscillates be=e my s\l1 s t ,i c seize no outl9e4 ,a great1 %ad[y :ole waves be=e my s\l1 my p]ception gr[s indi/9ct be=e x1 ev5 z my eyes d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gessn]4 ,,l&scape 7,,et*+74 ,?us 7 ! ,fr5* g>d5s deliv]$ by ! ,engli%4 ,j z figure pa9t+ r5\nc$ l(ty1 ar*itectural1 =mal composition1 s ^? bisect$ & uphol/]$ g>d5s 7 supplant$ by irregul> &1 z x 71 accid5tal bits ( nature4 ,p took no m tr\ble1 9 ,r\sseau's phrase1 to di%on\r nature by seek+ to beautify h]1 b laid out g>d5s 9 h>mony ) ,goe!'s rem>k 9 ,w]!r3 ,a feel+ he>t1 n a sci5tific art ( g>d5+1 sugge/$ ! plan4 ,close to ,v]sailles1 ne> ! box-tree patt]ns ( ,l5tre1 lay ! ,petit ,trianon1 ) its pond1 its brook1 & its dairy1 :]e ! un=tunate ,m>ie ,anto9ette us$ to dream4 ,& if pa9t+ /ill loit]$ on its prelim9>y return to nature1 t only impli$ t ! great arti/s--!y only came 9 #ahcj6--7 n yet born4 ,great arti/s c only raise !mselves on ! %\ld]s ( _! pr$ecessors1 ^: value lies 9 _! utility4 ,! ,fr5* l&scapes ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 se5 9 ! light ( hi/orical developm5t1 are ( no importance2 b1 nev]!less1 !y gave a consid]able /imulus 9 t !y s\ght to animate ! /yle ( ,p\ss9 ) a clos] p]ception ( nature4 ,hub]t ,rob]t is c]ta9ly /rongly decorative1 b he has a light t\*2 "o _c take him at 8 ^w1 b he is intellig5t1 & has sometimes grey & gre5 tones t are s(t & beautiful4 ,joseph ,v]net pa9t$ coa/ sc5]y1 views ( h>b\rs1 /orms at sea1 likewise ) decorative1 sup]ficial effects ( light2 he let fla%es ( lightn+ /reak black cl\ds1 sun-rays dance ov] lightly ruffl$ waves1 silv] moon%9e play my/]i\sly ^u ! wat]1 & caus$ conflagrations to break out & r$ flames to %oot up to heav54 ,he is some:at inane & motley 9 8 col\r+4 ,b he _h ceas$ to see 9 ! p>ts ( nature no?+ b mat]ials = ! con/ruction ( nicely fitt+ sc5]y4 ,he no long] attempt$ to speak to ! reason by means ( l9es1 b to t\* ! s\l ?r\gh hum\r1 & he employ$ 9 8 sc5]y n only build+s & ru9s1 gods & anci5t %eph]ds1 b also mod]n gr\ps ( e k9d4 ,9 ,switz]l&1 ! *>m+ et*+s & wat]-col\rs ( ,solomon ,gessn] mu/ be especially m5tion$4 ,ludwig ,ri*t]1 inde$1 po9t$ !m out z ! eighte5? c5tury works :i*1 aft] ! engrav+s ( ,*od[iecki1 he lov$ ! be/4 ,gessn] v5]at$ ,claude1 & _h an en?usiasm = ,p\ss91 b 8 pictures h no traces ( ! l(ty /yle ( ! h]oic s*ool ( l&scape4 ,he sket*$ 8 native mead[s1 trees1 & brooks2 he lov$ all t 0 small & seclud$ & cosy1 arb\rs & h$ges1 quiet little g>d5s & idyllic nooks4 ,he approa*$ ev]y?+ ) a v *ildlike & fai?ful obs]vation ( nature4 ,a second ,swiss1 ,ludwig ,hess1 d$icat$ a simil> subtile s5se ( nature & lov+ zeal z mu* to 8 native ,switz]l& z to ! ,roman ,campagna4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gessn]4 ,,l&scape 7,,et*+74 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,gu>di4 ,,v5ice4 ,! ,g]man ,philip ,hack]t has be5 prejudic$ r ?an pr(it$ by ! monum5t :i* ,goe! erect$ to him4 ,z ,goe!'s en?usiasm 0 n 9 due proportion ) ,hack]t's importance1 he ceas$ lat] to attract att5tion1 ?\gh ?is he did n m]it1 z he 0 always a vigor\s & heal?y l&scape pa9t]4 ,he did n see nature ) ! t5d] s5sibility ( ! ,swiss4 ,he look$ at a l&scape some:at insipidly1 z ,*od[iecki at 8 models4 ,b 8 draw+ is sob]1 ! atmosph]e ( 8 pictures cle> & fre%2 he _c be t$i\s 9 8 composition4 ,9 ,dresd5 !re liv$ ,johann ,alex&] ,?iele1 :o roam$ ?r\gh ,?r+5 & ,meckl5burg z a l&scape pa9t]4 ,ev5 9 ,italy l&scapes 7 ! mo/ indep5d5t p]=mances :i* ! eighte5? c5tury _h br\ght =? !re4 ,!re work$ 9 ,rome ! ,ne!rl&]1 ,vanvitelli1 :o depict$ 9 graceful wat]-col\rs ,roman & ,neapolitan /reet life2 & ,giovanni ,paolo ,pann9i1 ! pe9tre des ftes publiques1 9 ^: pictures gr\ps ( ri*ly col\r$ figures mov$ ?r\gh spl5did palaces4 ,v5ice 0 ! home ( ! ,canaletti4 ,9 ,antonio ,canale's t[n pictures ( ,v5ice1 ,rome1 & ,london !re is at once s subtle an atmosph]ic movem5t1 ! wat] is s cle>1 ! air s transp>5t1 t ev5 if !y repres5t m]e /reets & build+s1 !y yet leave an impression ( l&scape a*iev$ 9 a broad1 pictorial me?od4 ,b]n>do ,canaletto produces an effect by ! f9e1 cool1 damp light ( 8 nor!rn /udies ev5 simpl] & m intimate1 :ile by 8 discov]y t sun%9e does n--z x 0 hi!rto believ$--gild b silv] ! object x falls on1 he became "o ( ! fa!rs ( reali/ic l&scape4 ,! mo/ +5i\s1 h[ev]1 ( ! s*ool ( ,canale1 n to say "o ( ! clev]e/ l&scape pa9t]s ( ! c5tury1 0 ,francesco ,gu>di4 ,antonio ,canale 0 a great arti/1 & %[s x nev] bett] ?an 9 8 di/+ui%$ et*+s1 b z a pa9t] he int]e/s ! collector m ?an ! connoisseur4 ,!re 8 qualities are too (t5 petrifi$ into an excessive =mality2 he %[s some?+ too mu* ( ! cam]a obscura4 ,gu>di is +5i\s & />tl+4 ,:]e y h accuracy 9 ,canale1 9 him y f9d _s4 ,canale %[s u ! real ,v5ice1 ,gu>di %[s x z we h dream$ x to be4 ,he has n ,canale's k ( p]spective & ar*itecture1 b he fasc9ates u4 ,he is a musician & a poet ^: palette res\nds ) ! pure/ h>monies4 ,9 8 pictures ! :ole s$uctive leg5d ( ! fall5 ,que5 ( ! ,adriatic abides4 ,g>l&$ gondolas glide peaceful & fairy-l1 maje/ic z vessels 9 "s di/ant wond]l&1 ov] ! cle>1 gre5 wat] ( ! canals1 b5ea? ! high1 m>ble palaces1 :i* mirror _! columns & balconies1 _! ar*es & _! loggias 9 ! /ream4 ,=eign ambassadors pass 9 great /ate ?r\gh ! ,piazza di ,san ,m>co2 all t pr\d1 ,v5etian nobility greets !m2 & ?ick ?rongs ( p 9 _! ,sunday attire move to & fro b5ea? ! ,hall ( ! ,procuration4 ,gay b&s ( musicians r[ along ! ,piazzetta & ! ,riva4 ,a moi/ breeze sweeps ov] ! wat]2 ! sun%9e1 n[ subdu$ & mell[1 n[ danc+ coquetti%ly1 plays ^u ! wat] or on ! h\ses4 ,francesco ,gu>di1 ! magician ( ,v5ice1 is an animat$1 exquisite1 always +5i\s improvisatore1 /rong z few o!rs are 9 ! direct transf]5ce ( 8 p]sonal impression to canvas4 ,e /roke ( 8 bru% takes effect1--9 ea* "o ( 8 pictures "o sees ! n]v\s exaltation ( ! h&2 & t gives him a p[] ( attraction :i*1 comp>$ ) ,canale1 is l t ( ! clay model1 9 :i* ! h& ( ! sculptor is /ill p]ceptible1 comp>$ ) ! cold1 m>ble /atue4 ,ev5 ,spa91 :i*1 except = ! colossal figure ( ,velasquez1 _h s f> produc$ no pa9t]s ( l&scape--ev5 ,spa91 aft] ! middle ( ! c5tury1 turn$ into ?is road4 ,don ,p$ro ,rodriguez de ,mir&a pa9t$ 8 broad1 cle>1 & vigor\sly obs]v$ highl& /udies2 ,don ,m>iano ,ramon ,san*ez 8 small views ( t[ns & h>b\rs4 ,&1 z 9 ,engl&1 h& 9 h& ) t came pa9t+s ( animals4 ,9 ,france1 ,franois ,canova 0 work+1 ! pa9t] ( huge battle sc5es & small pictures ( animals2 ,jean ,l\is de ,m>ne1 :o 0 fam\s = 8 cattle1 m>ket sc5es1 village pictures1 & ! l2 & ! great ,jean ,bapti/e ,oudry1 :o pa9t$ ) bread? & fre$om animals alive & dead1 wild & tame1 /ill-life ( e k9d4 ,9 ,augsburg liv$ ,johann ,elias ,ri$+]1 ^: field ( activity embrac$ ! entire animal _w1 dogs & horses1 /ags & roes1 wild bo>s1 *amois1 be>s1 lions1 tig]s1 elephants1 & ! hippopotamus--:i* he depict$ ) f9e obs]vation1 bo? 9 _! pr\d solitude & at /rife ) m54 ,if we ca/ "o m glance back to ! road :i* art _h travell$ s9ce ! comm5cem5t ( ! c5tury1 we c h no d\bt z to ! end :i* 0 proportionately aim$ at 9 all c\ntries4 ,until q rec5tly a c\rtly1 ari/ocratic art _h %$ its light ^u ! :ole ( ,europe4 ,9 ! sev5te5? c5tury ! ,dut* alone _h ma9ta9$ _! isolation4 ,!y :o ent]$ fre% into art1 & _h to break ) no tradition1 gave at t "t ! fir/ expression to ! new _s1 9 t !y resolutely recall$ art f its c\rtly surr\nd+s to ! humbl] dwell+s ( ! middle classes4 ,!y pa9t$ :at ,dr] & ! little ma/]s _h only grav$ ^u wood blocks & copp] plates4 ,/ill1 !y wi%$ to pa9t ^! ?+s less = _! own sakes ?an because s intimate a light 0 %$ ^u !m4 ,?r\gh elem5ts ( light !y contriv$ to ca/ ov] ev]yday mom5ts a sort ( fairy inspiration4 ,watteau & 8 successors made a fur!r advance 9 ! conque/ ( ! visible _w1 9 t !y desir$ to pa9t _! age1 = its own sake1 9 all its grace2 & by ! middle ( ! c5tury we f9d ?is new1 intimate1 famili> art1 indep5d5t ( anci5t tradition1 triumph+ all along ! l9e4 ,sublime pa9t+ is m & m =sak54 ,art becomes m & m indig5\s to h] _w & age4 ,ari/ocratic ,watteau is succe$$ by ,hog>?1 ,greuze1 ,*>d91 & ,*od[iecki1 :o treat ! ,?ird ,e/ate no long] 9 ! ,dut* *i>oscuro1 b 9 all its heavy reality z a valid object ( art4 ,in/ead ( t l(ty1 maje/ic1 va+lori\s pa9t+ ( m]e repres5tations1 :i* 0 ! outcome ( ,c9quec5to1 & :i* at ! expiration ( ! sev5te5? c5tury _h sunk1 ?r\gh ab/raction1 into some?+ uni=m1 trivial1 & t$i\s1 !re appe>$ on all sides an art :i* 0 simple & s9c]e1 :i* plung$ into ! life ( e day1 obs]v$ man 9 8 relations ) nature1 ) 8 fell[s1 ) 8 fai?ful animals1 & ) 8 h\sehold goods--an art :i* creat$ ! v>iety ( its repres5tations out ( its own exp]i5ce4 ,s ) l&scape1 ! mo/ mod]n bran* ( art2 x rea*$ 9 ! s*ools ( all nations a great] significance--at lea/1 9 ext5t--?an x _h ev] possess$ 9 ! hi/ory ( art4 ,& ?is developm5t proce$$ )\t its be+ e/abli%$ t any "o c\ntry _h direct influ5ce on any o!r4 ,! ideas hung 9 ! atmosph]e2 !y 7 ! ideas ( ! c5tury4 ,x is z ?\gh ! dep>t+ age w\ld hold a mirror be=e u--a magic mirror--:i* =etells ! future2 z ?\gh x w\ld po9t out t n9ete5? c5tury art1 advanc+ fur!r along ?is road1 %\ld be dome/ic-human1 & t x %\ld f9d 9 l&scape its mo/ appropriate expression4 ,x 0 n giv5 to pa9t+ to proce$ /raight =w>d 9 ?is c\rse1 = ?r\gh fav\r1 p>tly ( ! *ang$ curr5t ( lit]ature1 p>tly ( ! revolution1 ! flame ( reaction>y classicism %ot up brightly once m be=e x expir$4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,classical ,,reaction ,,9 ,,g]many ,a hundr$ ye>s ago !re liv$ a man ( ! "n ( ,asmus ,c>/5s2 & he 0 ! pione] & f\nd] ( ! new ,g]man art4 ,t has become s9ce ,f]n[ a /&+ maxim 9 manuals ( ! hi/ory ( art4 ,dilettantism1 h[ev]1 is n an elem5t1 b an end4 ,x is on ?is acc\nt1 !re=e1 t lat] times w see 9 ,c>/5s1 n a pione]1 b only "o ( ! close foll[]s ( t t5d5cy ( :i* ! f\nd]s 7 ! bro!rs ,c>acci1 & ! (f%oots ,lebrun1 ,lairesse1 & ,van d] ,w]ff4 ,x is1 at all ev5ts1 hi/orically cle> t ,hog>? & ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,watteau1 ,greuze1 ,*>d91 & ,goya 7 ! m5 to :om ! future belong$4 ,_! art surviv$ ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,classicalism repres5t$ by ,m5gs & ,c>/5s1 :i*1 ?r\gh ext]nal circum/ances1 once m got ! upp] h& = a %ort "t1 & x became ! f\ndation on :i*1 aft] ! disappe>ance ( ?is t5d5cy inh]it$ f ! pa/1 ! mod]ns built fur!r4 ,! =m] repres5t$ progress1 because !y mov$ =w>ds2 ,c>/5s & ,david1 reaction1 because !y look$ backw>ds--backw>ds to an age :i* _h long ago be5 buri$4 ,!re is always dang] to a liv+ art 9 ! contact ) any great art ( ! pa/4 ,only ^? :o are !mselves highly gift$ may hope to emulate ! great ones ( ! e>li] c5turies2 less] g5iuses p]i% 9 ! attempt4 ,pa9t]s l ,leon>do & ,raphael1 l ,titian & ,p\ss91 tak+ ! ,greeks z _! ma/]s1 produc$ immortal works1 & ,goe! & ,s*ill] prov$ to u t ! ,hell5ic _s is /ill alive & active 9 our mid/4 ,b w\ld anyone d>e to m5tion ,m5gs & ,c>/5s 9 ! same brea? ) ^! giants8 ,! close ( ! eighte5? c5tury 0 a p]iod ( antiqu>ian revival4 ,! ru9s ( ,p/um _h be5 br\ght to light1 ,greek vases & ,roman monum5ts _h become kn[n to ! public by ! works ( ,hamilton & ,piranesi4 ,9 #agfb ,/u>t & ,revett publi%$ _! spl5did "w on ! ,antiquities ( ,a!ns4 ,to a ,g]man1 h[ev]1 0 to fall ! hon\r ( becom+ ! h]o ( ! ar*ological p]iod4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,anci5t ,art1 by ,johann ,joa*im ,w9ckelmann1 appe>$ 9 #agfd1 & ?is writ] devot$ 8 lit]>y en]gies to ! hymn+ ( ! glories ( ! re-discov]$ treasures ( antiquity4 ,9 ! realm ( pictorial art he may also be look$ ^u z ! *os5 ( fate4 ,already1 n9e ye>s be=e ! appe>ance ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ,art1 he _h giv51 at ! age ( ?irty-eight1 8 fir/ writ+ to ! _w1 ,?\ghts ^u ! ,imitation ( ,greek ,works1 9 :i* ! re=mation motive is epitomis$ 9 ?is s5t5ce3 ,! sole means = u to become--ay1 if possible1 inimitably great--is ! imitation ( ! anci5ts4 ,f ,w9ckelmann ! /one kept on roll+4 ,9 ,greek sculpture ! pa9t] c atta9 to ! mo/ sublime conception ( beauty1 & le>n :at he mu/ l5d to nature 9 ord] to give dignity & propriety to 8 imitation1 writes ,solomon ,gessn] 9 #agei4 ,9 #agfb ,hag$orn ( ,dresd5 deplor$1 9 8 ,treatise on ,pa9t+1 t ,t]burg & ,metsu nev] %[$ u fair ,&roma*e among/ h] indu/ri\s wom51 in/ead ( ,dut* semp/resses4 ,9 #agff ,less+ wrote 8 ,laocon1 &1 l ,w9ckelmann1 saw 9 ! sculpture ( ! ,greeks ! ideal to be imitat$4 ,f ?is po9t =w>d he despis$ l&scape & g5re pa9t+1 & especially ev]y?+ :i* illu/rates intimate emotions & actions1 & w\ld conf9e ! composition ( pictures to an arrangem5t ( two or ?ree ideal figures :i* please by physical beauty4 ,soon aft]w>ds1 ) almo/ a/oni%+ p>tiality1 ,goe! int]v5$ 9 a notable mann] on behalf ( ,classicism ) ! mo/ flagrant contradiction ( ! ideas ( 8 y\?4 ,nature alone1 he _h said 9 ,w]!r1 makes ! great arti/2 & 9 8 essay ^u ,g]man ,me?od & ,art he aim$ ?is s5t5ce at ,w9ckelmann & 8 foll[]s3 ,y y\rselves1 admirable be+s1 to :om x 0 giv5 to enjoy ! highe/ beauty1 y are hurtful to g5ius2 x w be rais$ up & borne along on no /range w+s1 7 !y ev5 ! w+s ( ! dawn4 ,9 ! same essay occurs ! beautiful passage3 ,if art is produc$ out ( an inw>d1 s+le1 indep5d5t conception1 untr\bl$ by1 unconsci\s inde$1 (1 all t is extrane\s1 !n :e!r %e be born ( r\gh wildness or ( cultivat$ s5sibility1 %e is complete & liv+4 ,soon aft]w>ds he wrote aga9 ^! great words3 ,rembr&t appe>s to me 9 8 biblical subjects z a true sa9t :o saw ,god pres5t ev]y:]e1 at e /ep1 9 ! *amb] & 9 ! fields1 & did n ne$ ! surr\nd+ pomp ( temples & sacrifices to feel drawn t[>ds ,him1--an obs]vation made at a "t :5 ! academic & erudite writ] on art 0 /ill = ye>s to p]ceive 9 ! biblical pictures ( ! great ,dut*man only a crude conception ( =m4 ,9 ano!r passage1 ^u ! frescoes ( ,mantegna1 9 ! ,*ur* ( ! ,an*orite1 at ,padua1 !re occur ! foll[+ s5t5ces1 %[+ ! deepe/ hi/orical p]ception3 ,h[ %>p & sure a mod]nity /&s out 9 ^! pictures6 ,f ?is mod]nity1 :i* is q real1 & n m]ely seem+1 ) factiti\s effects1 speak+ only to ! imag9ative faculty1 b solid1 detail$1 & consci5ti\sly circumscrib$1 & :i* at ! same "t has some?+ au/]e & indu/ri\s & pa9/ak+--f ?is issu$ subsequ5t pa9t]s su* z ,titian2 & n[ ! livel9ess ( _! g5ius1 ! en]gy ( _! nature1 enlight5$ by ! _s ( _! pr$ecessors1 built up ?r\gh _! /r5g?1 0 able to so> ev] high] & high]1 to rise f e>? & create div9e b real figures4 ,b1 alas6 lat] on he did n draw ! conclusion :i* foll[$ q logically f ^! obs]vations = ! judgm5t ( contempor>y ,g]man art4 ,he came back f ,italy z a disciple & foll[] ( ,w9ckelmann's writ+s on art4 ,art has once = all1 l ! works ( ,hom]1 be5 writt5 9 ,greek1 & he deceives himself :o believes t x is ,g]man4 ,some?+ pagan ent]$ into 8 s\l1 a brea? f ! calm ( ,olympus4 ,he d]id$ 8 e>li] ,go?ic incl9ations1 contemptu\s ( all t 0 oppos$ to ,greek notions ( =m1 mild & indulg5t to all t bore at lea/ ! outw>d semblance ( ! antique4 ,he pref]r$ a cold ideal mann] to :at 0 natural1 & held ,greek art ! absolutely valid model4 ,f x %\ld be d]iv$ a fix$ canon1 a table ( accept$ laws1 to be ! /&>d = ! arti/ ( our own days1 & ( e age4 ,! ,prize ,essays1 :i* he publi%$ ) ,he9ri* ,mey] 9 ! ,propylen1 & lat] 9 ! ,j5a ,lit]>y ,j\rnal1 requir$ ! treatm5t ( subjects exclusively f ! ,hell5ic leg5d>y cycles1 :]eby ! arti/ %\ld become accu/om$ to come out f 8 own age & surr\nd+s2 ! composition ( pictures 0 to correspond /rictly ) ! /yle ( ! antique frieze4 ,among/ 8 contempor>ies voices 7 n want+ to po9t out h[ fatal ?is programme 04 ,notably1 ,wilhelm ,he9se1 9 #aggf1 wrote ?is gold5 s5t5ce3 ,art c only direct itself to ! p ) :om x lives4 ,e "o works = ! p among/ :om fate has ?r[n him1 & seeks to plumb its he>t4 ,e c\ntry has its own di/9ctive art1 j z x has its own climate1 its sc5]y1 its own ta/e1 & its own dr9k4 ,simil>ly1 ,klop/ock oppos$ ,w9ckelmann's !ories 9 ^! l9es-- ,na*ahm5 soll i* ni*t und d5no* n5net1 ,de9 ewig ,lob nur imm] ,grie*5l&4 ,wem ,g5ius 9 se9em ,bus5 br5net1 ,d] ahm' d5 ,grie*5 na*6--d] ,grie*' erf&4 ,aga91 9 ! ,g]man ,republic ( ,lett]s1 9 ! *apt] ,on ,high ,treason3 ,x is high treason = any "o to ma9ta9 t ! ,greeks _c be surpass$4 ,9 a lett] to ,goe!1 9 ! ye> #ahjj1 ,s*ill] wrote3 ,! antique 0 a manife/ation ( its age :i* c nev] return1 & to =ce ! individual production ( an individual age aft] ! patt]n ( "o q het]og5e\s1 is to kill t art :i* c only h a dynamic orig9 & effect4 ,madame de ,/al1 9 h] book on ,g]many1 says3 ,if n[adays ! f9e arts %\ld be conf9$ to ! simplicity ( ! anci5ts1 we %\ld n !n be able to atta9 to ! orig9al /r5g? :i* di/+ui%$ !m1 :ile we %\ld lose t intimate1 composite feel+ = life :i* is especially f\nd 9 u4 ,simplicity 9 art w\ld easily turn ) ! mod]ns into coldness & affectation1 :]eas ) ! anci5ts x 0 full ( life4 ,9 #agig ,c\nsellor ,hir? publi%$ 9 ,s*ill]'s ,hor 8 well-kn[n treatise on ,beauty 9 ,art1 :i*1 9 opposition to ! inanimate type ( beauty ( ,w9ckelmann1 upheld ! *>act]i/ic z ! fir/ pr9ciple 9 art4 ,mo/ rem>kable1 h[ev]1 is ! bread? ( hi/orical outlook :i* 0 peculi> to ,h]d]1 & ! /]n actuality ) :i* 9 8 ,pla/ik1 & 9 ! ,vi]t5 ,kritis*5 ,wld*51 he turn$ aga9/ ^? pitiful critics1 ^? wret*$ & n>r[ rules ( art1 t bitt]-sweet prattle ( univ]sal beauty1 ?r\gh :i* ! y\ng] g5]ation is be+ ru9$1 :i* is nauseat+ to ! ma/]1 & :i*1 nev]!less1 ! rabble ( connoisseurs takes 9 its m\? z words ( wisdom4444 ,%ad[s & sunrise1 lightn+ & ?und]1 ! brook & ! flame ! sculptor _c model2 b is t !re=e to be a reason :y x %\ld n be done by ! pa9t]8 ,:at o!r law has pa9t+1 :at o!r p[] & function1 ?an to depict ! great s*eme ( nature ) all h] manife/ations1 9 _! great & beautiful aspect8 ,& ) :at magic x does ?is6 ,!y are n clev] :o despise l&scape pa9t+1 ! fragm5ts ( nature ( ! great h>mony ( creation1 :o depreciate x or entirely =bid x to ! s9c]e arti/4 ,is a pa9t] n to be a pa9t]8 ,is he to turn /atues ) 8 bru%1 & fiddle ) 8 col\rs1 j z x may please _! antique ta/e8 ,to repres5t ! s*eme ( creation seems vulg> to !m2 j z ?\gh heav5 & e>? 7 n bett] ?an an old /atue4444 ,d\btless ,greek sculpture /&s 9 ! sea ( "t l a ligh?\se1 b x %\ld be only a fri5d & n a comm&]4 ,pa9t+ is a s*eme ( magic1 z va/ z ! _w & z hi/ory1 & c]ta9ly n e figure 9 x c or ought to be a /atue4 ,9 a picture no s+le figure is ev]y?+2 & if !y are all equally beautiful1 no "o !n is beautiful any long]4 ,!y become a dull monotony ( long-limb$ ,greek figures ) /raight noses1 :o all /& !re & p>ade & take z little "p 9 ! action z possible4 ,n[1 :5 ?is misrepres5tation ( beauty cries scorn at ! same "t ^u ! :ole conception1 ^u hi/ory1 ^u "*1 ^u action1 & ?is op5ly attacks t z a lie1 !re comes a discord1 some?+ insupportable1 into pa9t+1 :i* c]ta9ly ! antique p$ant is unaw>e (1 b :i* is felt all ! m by ! true fri5d ( ! antique4 ,& f9ally1 our own actual age1 ! mo/ fruitful subjects ( hi/ory1 ! livelie/ *>act]s1 all feel+ ( a simple tru? & precision1 w be antiqu>ianis$ away4 ,po/]ity w /& & gape at su* fantasies 9 practice & !ory1 & w n "k :at we 71 9 :at age we liv$1 nor :at br\ght u to ?is wret*$ folly1 to ! wi% to live 9 ano!r age1 9 ano!r nation & climate1 & !reby to ab&on1 or vitiate deplorably1 ! :ole ord] ( nature & hi/ory4 ,^! s5t5ces1 h[ev]1 /ood 9 isolation1 or else !y came too late4 ,imm$iately aft] x _h be5 h]ald$ by ! lit]>y movem5t1 aft] ! ar*ologi/s _h v]bally ann\nc$ its aim1 =mulat$ its pr9ciples & laws1 ,g]man art turn$ into ! new pa?s4 ,x happ5$ = ! fir/ "t 9 ! hi/ory ( art1 wrote ,goe!1 t important tal5ts took pleasure 9 discipl9+ !mselves by ! pa/1 & s f\nd+ a new epo* 9 art4 ,des ,deuts*5 ,kn/l]'s ,vat]l&1 ,i/ ,grie*5l&1 i/ ,grie*5l& 0 sung 9 ! academies4 ,& ?is viol5t grasp+ aft] ! ideal ( a =eign race br\ght a bitt] rev5ge1 s9ce n "o ( ! arti/s :o n[ appe>$ _h ! g5ius to create any?+ new out ( ! old4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo ,union1 ,muni*4 ,,m5gs4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself4 ,! disciples ( ,w9ckelmann _h n be51 l ,goe! & ,s*ill]1 vigor\s naturali/s until ! _s ( anci5t times _h look$ ^u !m1 & !y 7 consequ5tly /ill less able to resi/ h] glance4 ,!y ent]$ ^u ! new road n ) t g5]ative impulse ( ! creative m9d1 ^: sup]abundance did n "k :at c\rse x %\ld take1 :at /ream x %\ld f9d4 ,!y adopt$ ! =ms1 z !y _h be5 provid$ by ! great] ages1 )\t any d\bt z to _! absolute excell5ce1 or ! lea/ attempt at any happy innovation4 ,& if !y h bett] und]/ood ! ,greeks ?an _! pr$ecessors 9 ,italy & ,france 7 able to d1 !n "o is nev] less l an orig9al nature ?an :5 "o imitates !m fai?fully4 ,w9ckelmann's road to inimitability l$ n only to a m holl[ & lifeless ,classicism ?an !re ev] _h be51 to a m *e]less & unpleasant art ?an any :i* ! s*ool ( ,bologna _h produc$4 ,x t5d$1 above all1 s9ce ! ?9k+ p _h ?\ght out ! classic idea--:i* ! o!r nations _h n--to ! sacrifice ( all pictorial te*nique1 ( ! :ole k :i* ! age _h up till !n possess$4 ,!re is a leg5d 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,*ur*1 t at ! "t ( ! donation ( ,con/ant9e a voice 0 he>d f ,heav53 ,?is day has poison ent]$ into ! body ( ! ,*ur*4 ,to ! ,g]man art ( our c5tury ?is poison 0 ! writ+s ( ,w9ckelmann4 ,fir/ ( all x 0 ,anton ,rafael ,m5gs1 ^: orig9ally /rong & great tal5t 0 di/ort$ by ! c\nsels ( ! le>n$4 ,z 9 ! works ( ! ,c>acci1 ^? only are to-day ( any int]e/ :i* reveal !mselves lea/ z eclectics & mo/ z *ildr5 ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 s ) ,m5gs--he is only enjoyable n[ :]e he did n try to be antique1 b sympa?is$ )\t too mu* reflection on ! traditions ( 8 age4 ,he is p>ticul>ly s 9 8 f9e pa/el portraits 9 ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y1 :i* are :olly influ5c$ by ! ta/e = rococo1 & are its la/ expir+ manife/ation4 ,!y are a te/imony t x 0 n )\t "s ju/ice t ! ,apelles ( ,dresd5 0 call$ by 8 contempor>ies ! mo/ rem>kable ,g]man pa9t] ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,rosalba ,c>ri]a & ,liot>d seem weak & insipid beside him2 ,reynolds only at 8 be/ _h t *>act]i/ic cle>ness1 t pla/ic en]gy ( modell+1 & t life-l col\r+4 ,!re is no?+ insipid or affect$1 no?+ ( t simp]+ affability t 8 successors br\ght into vogue4 ,& :5 we rememb] t !y proce$$ f a y\? ( sixte51 ! /r5g? & simplicity ( intuition seem incr$ible4 ,9 8 lat] portraits1 too1 pa9t$ 9 oil1 ! bett] ones are directly classic2 v noble 9 _! cle>1 subtile1 grey tone1 /rik+ly alive1 &1 )al1 ( an extraord9>y indep5d5ce :i* %[s no lean+ ^u any o!r ma/] :atev]4 ,m5gs belongs to ^? portrait pa9t]s :o look into ! s\ls ( _! sitt]s1 & he ranks1 9 works l 8 portrait ( himself1 9 ! ,muni* ,gall]y1 among/ ! be/ portrait pa9t]s ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m5gs4 ,,m\nt ,,p>nassus4 ,9 8 huge ecclesia/ical pa9t+s he is ! son ( t p]iod :i* _h j comm5c$ to be t\*$ by ! pallor ( ?\ght1 & grop$ eclectically n[ 9 ?is direction & n[ 9 t4 ,fir/ ( all mu/ ! we$s be root$ up1 wrote ,zanotti 9 8 ,directions to a ,"y ,man ^u ,pa9t+4 ,& !n we mu/ g back aga9 to ,cimabue & ,giotto1 & aga91 a few ye>s lat]1 to ,buon>otti & ,sanzio1 & _! noble successors ^: foot/eps are no long] s\ght or foll[$ by any "o4 ,b :5 su* a happy resurrection w take place1 ,god kn[s6 ,! old ,ismael ,m5gs believ$ t t 0 8 conc]n2 he *ose ,antonio da ,allegri & ,rafael ,sanzio z sponsors = 8 son4 ,anton ,rafael %\ld become ! eclectic re=m] ( art1 & z he 0 probably ! fir/ pa9t] :o1 by ! express p]mission ( ! ,elector ( ,saxony1 0 all[$ to visit ! hi!rto inaccessible ,dresd5 ,gall]y1 ?is wi% 0 easy ( accompli%m5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,angelica ,,kauffmann4 ,cassell ,co4 ,he 0 quick 9 free+ himself f ! imm$iate tradition ( ! age1 & 9 h>mony ) ! tea*+ ( ! ,c>acci1 9 return+ to ! s-call$ high] models ( pa9t+4 ,:5 "o runs across su* ( 8 pictures 9 "s gall]y--notably 8 alt> pieces--!y /rike "o z ! works ( "s good ma/] ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ^: "n "o _c1 = ! mom5t1 recollect4 ,8 fam\s ,holy ,night1 9 :i* he wi%$ to ent] into rivalry ) ,correggio1 has some?+ ( a ,m>atti ab\t x1 only ! heads are m vacant & insipid4 ,x is t un=tunate ,p>nassus 9 ! ,villa ,albani :i* fir/ m>ks ! collapse ( ?is great tal5t4 ,:51 ^u ! advice ( 8 fri5d ,w9ckelmann1 he turn$ f ! /udy ( ,raphael & ,correggio to t ( ! antique1 ,m5gs =feit$ n only ! remnant ( all t 0 ess5tially natural1 b ev5 all ! picturesque qualities :i* _h hi!rto di/+ui%$ him4 ,aft] pa9t+ _h s long tak5 sculpture 9 t[1 n[ sculpture seem$ anxi\s to be rev5g$ on x1 & !re 0 a manife/ation ( ^? prettily pa9t$ figures 9 pla/] :i* = "s score ye>s aft]w>ds p>ad$ 9 e ,g]man picture4 ,= ,w9ckelmann's mi/ake1 z ,h]d] _h already po9t$ out ) great ju/ice1 consi/$ n only 9 ?is1 t he set up = imitation a dep>t$ ideal = ! consci\sness ( 8 contempor>ies1 b notably 9 t he obtrud$ pr9ciples ^u mod]n pa9t+ :i* might be valid 9 anci5t sculpture4 ,s9ce ! antique ideal 0 solely a pla/ic "o1 & nei!r ! ,greek ,prussian nor1 lat]1 ,mei/] ,ephraim 0 cle> z to ! diff]5ce betwe5 sculpture & pa9t+1 !y practically recomm5d$ ! pa9t] to "w aft] pla/ic models4 ,! fact t ,less+1 9 discuss+ ! limits ( pa9t+ 9 8 ,laocon1 took a "w ( sculpture z 8 />t+-po9t1 proves t to him ! laws & conditions ( bo? arts 7 valu$ z ! same4 ,!y d5\nc$ ! confusion ( ! art ( pa9t+ ) poetry1 & in/ead advocat$ ! conf\nd+ ( pa9t+ ) sculpture1 :i* 0 no less haz>d\s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,angelica ,,kauffmann4 ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,lady ,,z ,a ,,ve/al4 ,9 ?is mann] !re came an ali5 elem5t into ,m5gs' hi!rto q pictorial appreh5sion2 a va9 & exclusively reproductive ideality depriv$ 8 figures ( ! la/ remnant ( tru? to nature :i* he _h =m]ly und]/ood h[ to give !m4 ,x is difficult to believe t ,w9ckelmann's p>oxysm ( fri5d%ip %\ld h bur/ out1 ^u ! completion ( ! ,p>nassus1 into ?is pan3 ,dur+ ! :ole ( ! new age a m beautiful "w has n appe>$ 9 pa9t+2 ev5 ,raphael w\ld h b[$ 8 head4 ,! :ole is no?+ m ?an a mlange ( plagi>ism & banal rem9isc5ces1 )\t s\l or p]ception1 )\t fre%ness or individuality2 a m]e pla/ic w>eh\se1 & n ev5 a pa9t$ antique gr\p1 b a daub$ compilation ( solit>y /atues1 cold] & m lifeless ?an any ,baltoni ev] pa9t$4 ,!re 0 an audaci\s1 /rong aim1 g5ial /r5g? & an ov]:elm+ fl[ ( fantasy 9 ! contempor>y works ( ! great dcorateur ,tiepolo2 "h !re is a m]e "w ( intellect :i* ) philological aid builds up ! composition entirely ( borr[$ mat]ials4 ,! only ?+ :i* ev5 /ill po9ts 9 ?is "w to ! good old times is a m solid /udy ( =m & col\r ?an all t :i* orig9at$ 9 ,g]many dur+ ! next fifty ye>s4 ,! figures are pa9t$ ) a /r5g? & bloom :i* are /ill q wor?y ( ! rococo4 ,! good ,angelica is ! second repres5tative ( ?is phase ( transition4 ,%e1 too1 at ! p]suasion ( h] fri5d ,w9ckelmann1 clo!d h]self z an anci5t ,ve/al1 b h] true woman's nature left 9 h] classical raim5t /ill a neat fa%ion ( rococo4 ,?r\gh h] int]c\rse ) ,w9ckelmann %e became some:at ( a blue-/ock+1 & /udi$ ! hi/orians ( antiquity 9 ord] to f9d !re subjects l ,cornelia1 ! "m ( ! ,grac*i1 ,agripp9a ) ! urn ( ,g]manicus1 ,phryne1 & ! l4 ,/ill m !re 7 ! t5d] leg5ds ( ! anci5ts1 out ( ^: /ore %e satisfi$ h] patrons3 ,adonis at ! *ase1 ,psy*e1 ,ariadne ab&on$ by ,!seus or f\nd by ,bac*us1 ! dea? ( ,alce/is1 ,h]o & ,le&]4 ,9 ^! %e is s(t to ! po9t ( s5tim5tality1 & pleasant to ! po9t ( nausea4 ,goe! says ( h] ) ju/ice3 ,! =ms & traits ( ! figures h little v>iety1 ! expression ( ! passions no =ce1 ! h]oes look l g5tle boys1 or girls 9 disguise4 ,b he also says ( h]3 ,! lightness1 grace 9 =m1 col\r1 conception1 & treatm5t is ! "o rul+ quality ( ! num]\s works ( our fair arti/4 ,no liv+ pa9t] has surpass$ h] ei!r 9 grace ( repres5tation or 9 ! ta/e & capacity ) :i* %e h&les h] bru%4 ,& ?is decision1 too1 c /ill be endors$4 ,angelica knew h[ to imp>t to ^? cle> l9es & =ms dem&$ by ,w9ckelmann a grace n[ coquetti%1 n[ s5tim5tal1 b always extremely lovable4 ,%e has /ruck s(t &--notably 9 h] portraits ( wom5--v t5d] col\r *ords4 ,%e & ,m5gs 7 ! la/ :o /ill possess$ consid]able te*nical k4 ,almo/ ev]y?+ :i* has surviv$ ( ! tradition ( craftsman%ip 9 ,g]many 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury is traceable to ,m5gs' influ5ce1 & t fact s (f5d$ 8 successors t !y no long] c\nt$ him z "o ( !m1 b put him contemptu\sly aside z a mann]i/ pa9t] by recipe4 ,su* te*nical k1 wrote ,goe!1 h9d]s t complete ab/raction & elevation ov] ! real1 :i* is ask$ ( id5tical repres5tations 9 sculpture1 :i* m]ely furni% =ms 9 _! highe/ purity & beauty4 ,col\r+1 light & %ad[s1 d n give su* value to a pa9t+ z noble cont\r alone1 wrote ,w9ckelmann1 & ^! s5t5ces became ! />t+-po9t ( ! next g5]ation4 ,w9ckelmann's error :5 he recomm5d$ ! imitation ( ,greek sculpture to ! mod]n pa9t] consi/$ /ill fur!r 9 ?is1 t he confus$ noble simplicity & quiet gr&eur ) lack ( col\r & coldness4 ,h]d] _h writt5 well3 ,9 di/9ction to ! compact h>mony ( =m 9 sculpture1 pa9t+ has h] h>moni\s unity 9 col\r & light4 ,i d n "k :y _m !ori/s %\ld h spok5 s contemptu\sly ( :at is call$ *i>oscuro1 ! gr\p+ ( light & %ade2 x is ! in/rum5t ( g5ius ) e s*ol> & ma/]1 ! eye ) :i* he sees1 ! fla%+1 spiritual sea ) :i* he spr9kles ev]y?+1 & on :i*1 inde$1 e outl9e also dep5ds4 ,?is div9e1 spiritual sea ( light1 ?is fairyl& ( adju/$ light & %ade1 is ! bus9ess ( pa9t+3 :y %\ld we fight aga9/ nature1 & n all[ e art to d :at x alone c d & d be/8 ,illu/ration3 ,photographic ,union1 ,muni*4 ,,c>/5s4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself4 ,8 words di$ away4 ,! philosophic t5d5cy ( ! c5tury1 :i* s\ght to p5etrate into ! s\l ( ?+s1 & to recreate ?+s f ! ?rone ( ! univ]se ( ! ab/ract1 tri$ its h& also ^u pa9t+4 ,by ab/ract+ f ! manife/ation ( col\r1 & t\*+ ^u =m & l9e1 x came to believe t 9 ^! pla/ic elem5ts x _h discov]$ ! ,ess5tial ( :i* x 0 9 se>*4 ,once on ! road to execute /atues 9 pa9t1 ! "q ensu$1 ,ought we to pa9t our /atues8 ,& z t age1 foll[+ 9 ,w9ckelmann's track1 und]/ood no ^w ( ! significance :i* ! specific1 picturesque pr9ciples _h = ! ,greeks1 x 0 only logical t !y %\ld endeav\r to reconcile ! idea ( immaculate :it5ess ) t ( classical beauty1 to see pure beauty 9 abs5ce ( col\r1 & 9 consequ5ce to acc5tuate ! "q1 ,ought we to pa9t our pictures8 ,to pa9t]s ! mo/ suspici\s elem5t 9 a pa9t+ became ! pa9t6 ,!re is no?+ m urg5t = !m to d ?an to deprive !mselves ascetically ( all colori/ic means ( expression4 ,pa9t+ is %[n to be an ess5tial =m ( corruption--,! bru% is become ! ru9 ( our art1 wrote ,cornelius--& !re comm5ces ! era ( a c>toon /yle hi!rto unprec$5t$1 :i* is to be c>ri$ on by ! mo/ highly end[$ 9 ! mo/ e>ne/ fa%ion4 ,:ile dur+ ! rococo ! s5se ( col\r _h rea*$1 ?r\gh a piquant arrangem5t ( ! mo/ t5d] & v>iegat$ tones1 its highe/ po9t ( ref9em5t1 !re foll[$ n[ z a reaction an absolute lack ( col\r4 ,! ideal is se5 9 an ab/ract beauty ( l9e1 col\r z a second>y matt] & a va9 %[4 ,x 0 ( z mu* value z a v>i-col\r$ dress1 :i* nature c\ld put on or (f1 )\t be+ less nature !reby4 ,among/ pa9t]s !re 0 talk ( no?+ b outl9es4 ,?is l9e /yle1 ^: _w is n ! wall or ! canvas1 b :ite pap]1 c d ) a proportionately meagre /udy ( nature4 ,:y1 !re=e1 :5 ! ideal 0 s easy ( atta9m5t1 drudge 9 ! academy1 :]e1 moreov]1 s9ce ! introduction ( ,m5gs' ,classicism1 univ]sal desolation ( ! _s & doctr9aire p$antry reign$8 ,z ,m5gs _h brok5 ) ! ta/e ( ! rococo1 s ! y\ng] g5]ation broke ) its te*nique1 :il/ !y left ! academy 9 op5 dissatisfaction1 & ?rew (f 9 contempt ! :ole p>aph]nalia ( te*nical traditions4 ,c>/5s plays ! mom5t\s rle 9 ,g]man art z ! fir/ :o trod ?is pa?4 ,he has m individuality ?an ,m5gs2 antiqu>ianis+ ) him is n exclusively an ext]nal d]ivation & a cold imitation3 he lives 9 ! antique2 ! _w ( ! ,greek poets is 8 spiritual home1 & _! pr(\nd ?\ghts f9d 9 him a subtle int]pret]4 ,b he has1 at ! same "t1 ! melan*oly fame ( be+ ! fir/ ( ! frivol\s to r5\nce ! national inh]itance1 ! k bequea!d by ! rococo age1 & s def9itely to cut ! *a9 :i* %\ld o!rwise h connect$ ,g]man art ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ) t ( ! eighte5?4 ,?r\gh ! ,inve/igations ( ,beauty 9 ,pa9t+1 by ,daniel ,webb1 :i* 0 f\nd$ on ,w9ckelmann's ,?\ghts on ,imitation1 ! se$ ( ,hell5ism 0 already s[n 9 ! y\?'s s\l4 ,he he>d talk ( ! dw>f intellig5ces ( ! age2 h[ ! /udios ( inf]ior arti/s 7 full ( gap+ visitors1 :il/ ! halls ( ! ,vatican /ood des]t$4 ,le>n ! ta/e = beauty 9 ! antique1 ! coop]'s appr5tice le>ns f ,webb's works4 ,let u m$itate ^u ! /yle ( ! pa9t]'s art 9 ! ',laocon1' ) reg>d to ! fight]4 ,notice ! sublimity 9 ! div9e "* ( ,apollo4 ,let u /& hu%$ be=e ! exquisite beauty ( ! ,v5us di ,m$ici4 ,^! are ! extreme inc5tives ( ! art ( draw+4444 ,! ,belv$]e ,apollo & ! daught] ( ,niobe (f] u an ideal ( nobility & beauty4 ,raphael's draw+ nev] rea*$ to su* a height ( p]fection z we f9d 9 ! /atues ( ! ,greeks4444 ,:i!r d y c>ry me1 gods & demigods & h]oes :o live 9 m>ble8 ,i foll[ y\r call1 &1 ,imag9ation6 ?y et]nal laws4 ,i g into ! ,villa ,m$ici & brea! !re ! pure/ air4 ,i /ret* myself on a fl[]y plot1 ! %ad[ ( ! orange trees cov]s me2--!re1 unmole/$1 ,i gaze at a gr\p full ( ! highe/ fem99e beauty4 ,niobe1 my belov$1 beautiful "m ( beautiful *ildr51 ?\ faire/ among wom51 h[ ,i love !e6 ,s dream$ ,asmus ,jacob 9 ! w9e-cell> at ,eck]nfrde1 or 9 8 solit>y *amb] by ! dim light ( 8 lamp1 z he _h be5 seiz$ ) gidd9ess be=e all ! great & m>vell\s revelations ( art :i* ?is book _h af=d$ him4 ,9 8 enraptur$ fantasy he pa9t$ ! h\r ne>] & ne>] :5 he %\ld atta9 to a sight ( ! works :i* 7 describ$4 ,c\ld he h look$ into ! future1 :at a picture w\ld h come be=e 8 eyes6 ,w\ld he h recognis$ himself 9 ! brok5-d[n man1 ) ! pale c\nt5ance1 ! grief-m>k$ expression1 & ! decrepit figure1 :o 9 ,rome gaz$ spellb\nd at ! ,colossus ( ,monte ,cavallo8 ,illu/ration3 ,,c>/5s4 ,,scylla ,,& ,,*>ybdis4 ,our ,hol/e9] 0 two-&-tw5ty ye>s old :5 he disc>d$ ! coop]'s apron & ent]$ ! ,cop5hag5 ,academy1 be+ !n too old = any regul> tra9+4 ,8 head 0 s full ( inv5tions t x c\ld n ent] 8 m9d to beg9 f ! beg9n+4 ,draw+ f ! life did n satisfy me2 ! fell[1 too1 :o sat z my model1 al?\gh he 0 = ! re/ well built1 seem$ to me1 9 contra/ ) ! antique f :i* ,i _h atta9$ a high] ideal ( beauty1 s petty & imp]fect t ,i ?\ght ,i c\ld easily le>n to draw a bett] figure if ,i only conf9$ myself to t4 ,i resolv$ n to visit ! academy1 9 spite ( ! o!r arti/s impress+ ^u me ! importance & utility ( academic /udy4 ,he /ay$ daily1 in/ead1 = h\rs toge!r be=e ! ca/s 9 ! antique room1 & a holy feel+ ( adoration1 almo/ compell+ me to te>s1 p]vad$ me4 ,!re ,i nev] drew at all aft] an antique4 ,:5 ,i attempt$ x1 x 0 z ?\gh all my emotion 0 *ill$ by x4 ,i ?\ght t ,i %\ld le>n m if ,i gaz$ at !m ) great /udi\sness4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c>/5s4 ,,argo ,,leav+ ,,! ,,triton',s ,,m]e4 ,?us he rea*$1 z ,f]n[ says1 ! me?od :]eby he did n tread ! ord9>y way ( imitation1 gradually progress+ to a special inv5tion1 b began at once ) inv5tion4 ,!re he 0 ! true *ild ( 8 age4 ,at a p]iod ^: creative p[] f\nd its highe/ expression 9 philosophy & poetry1 ! pa9t] /rove = ! reputation only ( be+ ! poet ( 8 pictures4 ,& ,c>/5s enc\nt]$ ! old trag$ians & philosophic writ]s ) a f9e1 poetic und]/&+4 ,! ,greek ,h]oes ) ,*eiron1 ,hel5 at ! ,skan ,gate1 ,ajax1 ,pho5ix & ,odysseus 9 ! ,t5t ( ,a*illes1 ,priam & ,a*illes1 ,! ,fates1 ,night ) h] ,*ildr51 ,sleep & ,dea?1 ,! passage ( ,megap5!s1 ,hom] be=e ! ,p1 ,! ,gold5 ,age--all ^! pr9ts h really some?+ ( ! noble simplicity & quiet h>mony ( ,greek art4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c>/5s4 ,,*ildr5 ,,( ,,! ,,night4 ,x c be und]/ood1 !n1 t su* subjects %\ld be 9 ! highe/ degree int]e/+ to an ar*ologi/4 ,:5 ,c>/5s1 9 ,april #agie1 0 organis+ ! fam\s exhibition ( 8 collect$ works 9 ,rome1 ,f]n[ publi%$ 9 ,wiel&'s ,deuts*] ,m]kur a disc\rse 9 :i* he celebrat$ him z ! creator ( a new epo*4 ,f ! v fir/1 h[ev]1 an equally resolute opposition 0 excit$ 9 arti/ic circles4 ,! pa9t] ,mll]1 nicknam$ ,! ,devil's ,mill]1 :o at t "t w&]$ ab\t ,rome z a cic]one1 proves t ,w9ckelmann's pr9ciples1 ev5 at ! ?re%old ( ! c5tury1 by no means met ) univ]sal acceptance4 ,! ,writ+ ( ,h]r ,mll]1 ,pa9t] 9 ,rome1 ^u ! ,exhibition ( ,h]r ,pr(essor ,c>/5s1 ) ! motto ,amicus ,plato1 ,amicus ,socrates1 magis amica v]itas1 0 publi%$ 9 #agig 9 ,s*ill]'s ,hor4 ,c>/5s imitat$2 he work$ r by rem9isc5ce & und]/&+ ?an by fantasy4 ,isolat$ figures d n br+ _! individuality to an expression4 ,!n he po9t$ out ! models1 discuss$ ! lack ( col\r1 & prov$ num]\s s9s ( ! draughtsman aga9/ nature 9 detail4 ,! arti/ mu/ ev] seek to f9d *>act]i/ic expression2 composition comes 9 ! second degree4 ,te*nique1 ev5 if ! previ\s age has be5 an epo* ( fabrication1 mu/ always /& 9 ! =egr\nd2 x is n only f ! arti/1 b f ! connoisseur1 t k is dem&$1 & 9 consequ5ce ( ?is exhibition ,c>/5s is recomm5d$ to =be> f 8 fanta/ical g5iality1 obs]ve nature1 & a*ieve a picture exactly1 s9ce x is only f nature t ! ideal spr+s1 & consequ5tly no?+ c be great & beautiful 9 ! repres5tation :i* is n "r & true4 ,9 almo/ simil> words1 lat] on1 ,ko*1 9 8 ,?\ghts on ,pa9t+1 & ) him ! majority ( arti/s1 has c5sur$ ,c>/5s4 ,& po/]ity _c b all[ !m to be 9 ! "r z aga9/ ! ar*ologi/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c>/5s4 ,,priam ,,& ,,a*illes4 ,admirable 9 ,c>/5s is ! zeal ) :i* he def5d$ 8 ideal1 ! sacr$ fire :i* burn$ )9 him & su/a9$ him1 ev5 dur+ ^? ye>s :5 8 sickly frame 0 weak5$ by consumption4 ,art 01 z he wrote1 8 elem5t1 8 religion1 8 beatitude1 8 exi/5ce4 ,& x is already some?+ great to we> oneself out alone = ! sake ( an ideal4 ,c>/5s 0 a sublime dream]4 ,x w n be =gott5 ( him t1 9 an age :5 abundant m$iocrity & manufacture 7 all-prevail+1 he once m po9t$1 unfalt]+ 9 8 noble & pure int5tion1 to ! sublimity ( arti/ic creation4 ,! hi/ory ( art1 h[ev]1 has n to deal ) he>ts1 b to judge logically by results2 & x w\ld n be do+ ju/ice to ! old ma/]s1 nor to ^? e>ne/ rococo pa9t]s :o sat at _! easels ) less noble int5tions1 b ) s mu* great] k ( _! craft1 if "o 7 to proclaim ,c>/5s1 9 consid]ation ( ! self-sacrifice & r5unciation :i* he %[$ 9 ! fight = 8 ideal1 z a m>tyr & a g5ius1 a pione] ( ,g]man art4 ,he 0 n a g5ius1 z he ?\ght himself1 & ann\nc$ s pr\dly to ,he9itz1 ! ,m9i/]2 = t he possess$ too little orig9ality4 ,x is n imag9ation1 b rem9isc5ce1 :i* creat$ 8 works4 ,! outl9es ( 8 plates are done ) f9e s5tim5t1 b s5tim5t tak5 f ! ,greeks1 & he requir$ no g5ius to recognise 9 8 recollection & 8 h& a transcript ( ,greek =ms4 ,:at pleases u 9 ,c>/5s is 9 sub/ance n ,c>/5s1 b an e*o ( :at we l 9 ! ,greek /atues & vases1 9 ,mi*ael ,angelo & o!r old ma/]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,g5elli4 ,,! ,,embassy ,,to ,,a*illes4 ,he 0 n a m>tyr1 because 9 8 /ruggles he met ) assi/ance & enc\ragem5t su* z 7 grant$ to no old ma/]1 & if1 9 spite ( t1 he nev] rose above ! c>es ( life1 t is only a pro( ( ! limitations & p>tiality ( 8 art4 ,he _h lo/ all decorative facility2 /ill m 0 ! inh]itance ( oil pa9t+ fir/ naturally mislaid by him1 & by draughtsman%ip alone n ev5 ,dr] nor ,rembr&t c\ld h liv$4 ,?is defici5cy 9 te*nique mu/ ev5 deb> him f claim+ any high] signification ?an t ( a clev] dilettante4 ,he is n an arti/ :o does n 9 ! mid/ ( 8 exaltation ?9k to put himself 9 possession ( ! means :i* c turn ! lisp+s ( g5ius into a fully intelligible language4 ,c>/5s' plates s$uce by a c]ta9 wavy treatm5t ( ! l9es1 b no "o ( !m c su/a9 critical appreciation4 ,x is inconsi/5t to "w 9 ! beautiful & n to become free ( ugl9ess1 to move 9 ! great1 9 ! sublime1 & at ! same "t to fall f "o defect ( =m to ano!r1 f co>se unc\?ness into ! mo/ elem5t>y s9s aga9/ draw+ & proportion4 ,c>/5s 0 a draughtsman :o c\ld n draw1 &1 ) ?is limitation ( 8 g5ius1 by no mann] ( means a f\nd] ( ,g]man art4 ,"o _c call him a mann]i/1 because ) him art & individuality correspond$2 b1 nev]!less1 l ,m5gs & ,lairesse1 he gave art at second-h&1 & only diff]s f !m 9 t ) him comm5ces t complete ab&onm5t ( ! idea ( col\r :i* aft] him disfigur$ ,g]man art4 ,= ! future x 0 q indiff]5t t ,?orwalds5 took sugge/ions f ,c>/5s1 & ,g5elli trod 9 8 footpr9ts z a draughtsman4 ,illu/ration3 ,,g5elli4 ,,!tis ,,lam5t+ ,,! ,,fate ,,( ,,hector4 ,bonav5tura ,g5elli1 if "o takes = once ! /&po9t ( ! pa9t]s ( 8 "t1 :o desir$ to be ! poets ( _! works1 is c]ta9ly a n unrem>kable poet4 ,9 him1 :o 0 born 9 ! ye> ( ,c>/5s' dea?1 ! _s ( ! little ,hol/e9] 0 rais$ to life1 & ! figure :i* he assum$ 9 ?is new inc>nation actually made an impression l a picture out ( beauty-illum9at$ days ( ,hellas4 ,! muscul>1 ?ick-set figure ( a y\?ful ,h]cules1 ) a broad *e/ & /urdy neck1 a head ( %ort br[n curly hair1 full lips fr+$ by ! compact be>d ( a ,sophocles1 ! %ort ,greek nose1 grave eyes glanc+ out f b5ea? ! /rong br[s--su* 0 ,g5elli1 a ,hell5e left /r&$ 9 ,g]many1 ! la/ ,c5taur1 z ,heyse has depict$ him 9 8 novel--an ant$iluvian1 my?ological enigma on f\r s\nd legs sprung ^u our godless _w4 ,?us he sat1 z he himself writes1 9 ,rome1 9 8 dirty *amb]1 b>e except = a *air or two1 rickety or q brok5 d[n1 & on ! wall a pair ( hawks nail$ up1 ^: p9ions s]v$ z models = 8 w+$ figures4 ,?us he sat lat] 9 8 little h\se 9 ! ,s5dl+]gasse at ,muni*1 & liv$ 9 8 _w ( imag9ation4 ,p]haps1 _h he be5 ! *ild ( a m =tunate p]iod 9 art1 he might h become a /rong & memorable pa9t]2 z a successor ( ,c>/5s he has left beh9d him a legacy ( two suites ( copp] pr9ts--! two trag$ies ( ! ,pr(ligate & ! ,wit*4 ,he exi/$1 moreov]1 only 9 cont\r2 he nev] rose above h>moni\sly outl9$ silh\ette4 ,x 0 only to ?is po9t t 8 tal5t w\ld su/a9 him4 ,! m he wi%$ to produce %ad[1 wat]-col\r1 or ev5 oil1 ! m t$i\s & pale & vague did he become4 ,& ev5 9 8 draw+ he %>es ) ,c>/5s ! desolate g5]alisation ( =m1 ! et]nal euphony :i* s soon becomes we>isome & monoton\s4 ,to beauty ( l9e ev]y?+ is (f]$ up4 ,! blank *>act]lessness ( ! faces is ev5 m noticeable ) him ?an ) ,c>/5s1 :o _h1 aft] all1 9 8 y\? drawn excell5t portraits 9 crayons1 & on ?is acc\nt 0 able to give ev5 to 8 ,greeks m individual traits & a c]ta9 v>iety ( expression4 ,) ,g5elli ! heads are treat$ z no m ?an p>ts ( ! body1 & z !y gave no opportunity = fl[+ l9es1 !y h n ev5 ! same graci\sness z ! limbs4 ,8 wom5 f>$ wor/1 = :il/ he c\ld be 8 own model = 8 m51 he creat$ ! ewig ,weibli*e out ( 8 inn] consci\sness4 ,9 m5 & wom5 ! eyes1 9 p>ticul>1 are m]ely animal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,g5elli4 ,,odysseus ,,& ,,! ,,sir5s4 ,c>/5s' influ5ce on ,g]man art has be5 !n entirely a negative "o4 ,x 0 n on su* a f\ndation t a ,g]man art c\ld arise4 ,he prep>$ no gr\nd = 8 successors on :i* !y c\ld build fur!r2 b ?r\gh 8 ab&onm5t ( ! :ole capital :i*1 s9ce ,/eph5 ,lo*n]1 _h be5 h&$ d[n at comp\nd int]e/ f "o g5]ation ( pa9t]s to ano!r1 he r cut away ! gr\nd f "u _! feet4 ,= v easily c art g a/ray1 b x is a difficult & l5g?y process = h] to recov] h]self4 ,! art :i* 0 born 9 t humble /udio 9 ,rome to ! sickly1 neurotic man1 ! fam\s draughtsman1 ne$$ lat]1 9 ord] to become te*nically heal?y aga91 an impulse replete ) life f abroad4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,bonav5tura ,,g5elli4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,! ,,classical ,,reaction ,,9 ,,france ,9 ,france also mod]n art began ) a /ream ( antiqu>ianism :i* fl[$ f ! same ar*ological s\rce4 ,de ,brosses publi%$ a hi/ory ( ! ,roman ,republic1 & wrote on ,h]culaneum4 ,l]oy produc$ 8 ,ru9es des plus anci5s monum5ts de la ,grce 9 #ageh4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds ! ,recueils d',antiquit ( ,caylus & ,hamilton 7 publi%$4 ,! =m] und]took 8 great j\rneys1 & pres5t$ ! ,academy ( ,inscriptions ) a succession ( ar*ological treatises4 ,he is p]haps ! fir/ s9ce ,batteux & ,coypel :o aga9 makes ( ! mod]n pa9t] a positive dem& = a quiet beauty ( l9es aft] ! manire simple et noble du bel antique4 ,! ar*itects beg9 to take c\nsel ( ,vitruvius1 & to "w aft] "s model borr[$ f ! antique4 ,s\fflot rebuilt ! ,pan!on1 & produc$ ! ,temple ( ,p/um4 ,ev5 9 #agfc ,grimm c\ld write3 ,= "s ye>s pa/ we h be5 mak+ ke5 inquiry = antique ornam5ts & =ms4 ,! pr$ilection = !m has become s univ]sal t n[ ev]y?+ is to be done la ,grecque4 ,! int]ior & ext]ior decorations ( h\ses1 furniture1 dress mat]ial1 & goldsmi?s' "w all be> alike ! /amp ( ! ,greeks4 ,! fa%ion passes f ar*itecture to mill9]y3 our ladies h _! hair dress$ la ,grecque1 our f9e g5tlem5 w\ld ?9k !mselves di%on\r$ if !y did n hold 9 _! h&s une bote la ,grecque4 ,ev5 ,did]ot's pref]5ce = ! e?ical & emotional1 z ,greuze _h pa9t$ x--& z ,did]ot himself _h dramatis$ x--ve]$ r\nd at ! comm5cem5t ( ! sixties into an en?usiasm = ! antique4 ,aft] #agfa he c>ri$ on 9 ! salons a w> ( ext]m9ation aga9/ poor old ,b\*]1 & lectur$ him 9 a m5ac+ voice ^u ! great & sev]e ta/e ( antiquity4 ,he twitt$ him ) possess+ nei!r reality nor ta/e1 & produc$ 9 pro( ! fact t1 9 ! :ole catalogue ( ,b\*]'s figures1 n f\r c\ld be f\nd :i* c\ld be employ$ 9 relief1 or ev5 z /atues4 ,! new ta/e dem&$ pure & simple l9es1 ! beauty ( sculpture2 x w5t back to ! antique4 ,:5 a ,fr5* translation ( ,w9ckelmann appe>$ 9 #agfe he spoke out1 on ! occasion ( a review ( ! book1 cle>ly & pla9ly3 ,il me semble qu'il faudrait tudi] l'antique p\r appr5dre voir la nature4 ,9 ! same ve9 ,watelet pron\nc$ on ,b\*]3 ,jamais arti/e n'a plus ouv]tem5t tmoign son mpris p\r la vraie beaut telle qu'elle a t s5tie et exprime p> les /atuaires de l'anci5ne ,grce4 ,?us ! *ange 9 ! arti/ic outlook 0 h]ald$ long be=e ! curta9 w5t up ^u ! ev5ts ( #aghi4 ,madame ,vige-,lebrun1 ! ,fr5* ,angelica ,kauffmann1 possess$ ( a t5d]1 s(t1 sympa!tic tal5t1 is p]haps ! true/ repres5tative ( ?is graci\s1 entirely ,fr5* transition /yle1 ov] :i* l a brea?1 b only l a brea?1 hov]s ! antique4 ,%e has 9 h] portraits1 9 an especially ref9$ mann]1 fix$ t age :5 noble ladies desir$ to =get ! ,m>quise & ,du*ess1 to exhibit only ! wife & "m1 & believ$ t by uncon/ra9t ( attitude 9 _! simple :ite robe1 ! sc>f ?r[n mode/ly ov] ! %\ld]s1 !y _h effect$ a return to antique simplicity4 ,b\*]1 mov$ to ! dep?s ( 8 consci\sness by ,did]ot1 resolv$ to pa9t a picture tak5 f anci5t hi/ory4 ,greuze pa9t$ ,sev]us & ,c>acalla1 ,fragon>d ,*o]eas & ,callirhe4 ,hub]t ,rob]t grew m & m ar*ological1 & play$ 9 8 l&scapes ) anci5t rema9s & classical ru9s4 ,vi5 became en?usia/ic ov] antique gems1 & ?\ght he mu/ draw ! conclusion1 f ! noble calm ( ^! figures1 t ! amiable coquetry & caprici\s g>m5ts ( rococo 7 )\t nobility4 ,8 plan 0 to /udy ! antique--,raphael1 ! ,c>acci1 ,dom5i*9o1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 &1 9 "o ^w1 all ^? ma/]s ^: works convey ! "* ( tru? & gr&eur4 ,b :at gave f> o!r significance to ! ,fr5* classicism ( ! ensu+ p]iod 0 t great ev5t 9 ! _w's hi/ory1 ( :i* ,france became ! !atre at ! close ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,9 ! seclud$ g>d5s ( ,v]sailles1 :]e ! goat-foot$ ,pan embrac$ ! tall1 :ite nymphs by an artificial wat]-fall1 ! noble lords & ladies1 clad z ,pi]rots & ,columb9es1 ov]he>d 9 ! mid/ ( _! :isp]$ flirtations ! m5ac+ e>?quake :i* 0 ann\nc$ 9 ?und] f ,p>is4 ,soon !y beheld ! e>? crack & bur/ asund]1 z t "t came :5 ! air 0 fill$ ) ! smoke ( p[d]1 :5 ! fir/ notes ( ! ,m>seillaise rang out1 & 9 ! ,place de la ,concorde1 :]e to-day ! lovelie/ f\nta9s 9 ! _w are play+1 blood ran f a doz5 guillot9es4 ,t aprs n\s le deluge ( ! ,m>quise de ,pompad\r _h become a dire1 prophetic tru?1 & 9 t flood ( blood & horrors ! arti/ic ideal ( ! eighte5? c5tury 0 also wa%$ away4 ,! ,revolution gave ! dea?-bl[ to rococo4 ,at "o /roke x ov]?rew ! mo/ pleasant ( all ,fr5* p]iods1 ! true/ pres5tim5t ( ,fr5* grace & esprit1 ! noble & amiable art ( ,l\is ,,xv1 :i* ! melan*oly1 life-emitt+ ,watteau1 ,b\*]1 & ,fragon>d cause to hov] be=e u z 9 ! cl\ds ( a dream4 ,classicism1 h[ev]1 atta9$ ?r\gh x a new & /rong] basis1 a c]ta9 connection ) mod]n life1 s9ce x 0 transpos$ by x f ! ,museum ( ,antiquity into ! middle ( ! ,place de la ,concorde b5ea? ! guillot9e4 ,:at ! age ( ! ,revolution dem&$ ( art 0 at all ev5ts n a noble /yle1 z ,vi5 _h requir$ ( x1 b r 9 ! fir/ place a ,sp>tan virtue4 ,v>i\s philosophical writ]s _h drawn a p>allel betwe5 ! organisation ( ! old & ! mod]n /ate2 !y _h ex]t$ !mselves to %[ t ! old ,republics 7 models ( an almo/ absolute p]fection1 :i* ! mod]n %\ld1 9 s f> z x 0 possible1 imitate4 ,!y _h contra/$ ! moral conditions ( ,sp>ta & ! ,roman ,republic ) ! moral con/itution ( contempor>y1 mon>*ical ,france4 ,!y _h quot$ on e opportunity ! acts ( virtue1 r5unciation1 c\rage1 & patriotic sacrifice ( ! great m5 ( antiquity2 !y _h us$ ^! de$s z a means ( prov+ _! !sis1 & _! ideas ar\s$ deep e*oes 9 m5's he>ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,elisabe? ,,vig,e-,,lebrun4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,! ,,pa9t] ,,) ,,h] ,,daught]4 ,! s5tim5t ( ,rome _h ent]$ into ! p z a ?+ ( fle% & blood ev5 be=e ! cata/rophe _h ensu$4 ,we 7 m prep>$1 wrote ,nodi]1 = ! p>ticul> tone ( ! language ( ! ,revolution ?an p w\ld h believ$1 & x co/ u little pa9s to pass f ! /udies ( our gymnases to ! /rife ( ! =um4 ,9 ! s*ools we _h prize compositions set ( ?is k9d3 ,:o /&s high]1 ! eld] ,brutus :o judg$ 8 *ildr51 or ! y\ng] ,brutus :o judg$ 8 fa!r8 ,& s ,livy & ,tacitus h done m to ov]?r[ ! mon>*ical sy/em ?an ,voltaire & ,r\sseau4 ,x 0 evid5t !n t ,france1 s soon z %e _h fre$ h]self f h] k+s1 s soon z %e _h spok5 ! ^w ,republic1 mu/ take ! ,roman ,republic z h] patt]n4 ,p liv$ 9 an atmosph]e ( antiquity2 ! great citiz5s ( ,rome & ,a!ns 7 rang$ ) ! ,fr5* ,national ,conv5tion2 ,scvola1 ,scipio1 ,cato1 ,c9c9natus1 7 ! idols ( ! populace4 ,! speak]s 9 ! c\ncil cit$ ! anci5ts 9 pref]5ce2 ,madame ,vige-,lebrun gave s\p]s la ,grecque4 ,ev]y?+ 0 ord]$ accord+ to ! ,voyage d',ana*>sis--g>m5ts1 vi&s1 amusem5ts1 & ! table1 all 7 ,a!nian4 ,madame ,lebrun h]self 0 ,aspasia2 ,m4 l',abb ,b>?lmy1 9 a ,greek dress ) a laurel wrea? on 8 head1 recit$ a poem2 ,m4 de ,cabi]s play$ ! gold5 lyre z ,memnon1 & "y boys wait$ at table z slaves4 ,! table itself 0 set entirely ) ,greek ut5sils1 & all ! vi&s 7 actually ^? ( anci5t ,greece4 ,*ildr5 7 giv5 ,greek & ,roman names4 ,p call$ !mselves ,romans4 ,mais1 je l'aimais1 ,roma9s6 cri$ ,c\lon at ! dea? ( ,mirabeau4 ,p>is is ,rome4 ,9 ! !atre ! bu/ ( ,brutus is set opposite t ( ,voltaire1 & ! actor says3 ,o bu/e rv] de ,brutus1 d'un gr& homme1 transport dans ,p>is tu n'z po9t quitt ,rome4 ,& z ) ! bu/ ( ,brutus 9 ! !atre1 t ( ,mucius ,scvola appe>s 9 ! cafs1 :i* ,p>isian j\rnali/s1 /ill full ( remembrances ( anci5t hi/ory /udi$ 9 ! gymnasium1 lik5 to ! ,lyceum & ! ,por*4 ,9 e case anci5t ,rome is set up z ! exempl>4 ,! ,p>isian collection ( engrav+s on copp] possesses a reproduction ( ! guillot9e1 ) ! inscription3 ,a simil> ma*9e 0 us$ = ! execution ( ! ,roman1 ,titus ,manlius4 ,a valet committ$ suicide1 & quot$ ! illu/ri\s example ( ,s5eca4 ,_h x be5 possible1 p w\ld h gladly ?r[n !mselves back eighte5 hundr$ ye>s into ! pa/1 ) all its gr&eur1 its simplicity1 & its ru?lessness4 ,political & social =ms did n suffice2 ev5 ! implem5ts & co/ume ( ! anci5ts 7 aga9 br\ght into hon\r4 ,furniture put on antiqu>ian %apes2 ! walls 7 decorat$ la ,grecque4 ,! lively frivolity ( rococo1 ) its freaks & fancies1 0 no long] adapt$ to ! b\doir ( ! age ( revolution1 n[ trans=m$ into ! political c\ncil-room4 ,twi/s & curves 7 no long] p]mitt$3 ev]y?+ _h to be /raight=w>d1 logical1 ung5]\s1 inexorable4 ,m5 w5t clad wret*$ly1 ) r$ ,phrygian caps & no bree*es4 ,wom5 & girls ca/ aside _! ord9>y attire & put on /raight1 fall+ drap]y1 disc>d$ _! heel$ %oes & b\nd s&als r\nd _! feet1 %ook ! p[d] f _! locks & ti$ _! hair 9 a ,greek knot4 ,dress$ 9 :ite raim5t )\t adornm5t1 b deck$ 9 ! virtue ( simplicity1 !y appe>$ 9 ! cab9et ( ! presid5t1 9 ord] to surr5d] _! jewels = ! salvation ( _! c\ntry1 l ^? ,roman matrons 9 ! "t ( ,camillus4 ,&1 9 co-op]ation ) ! build+ up ( ?is new _w1 pa9t+ also advanc$4 ,x 0 only :5 x assi/$ to ar\se civic virtue1 x 0 said at a sitt+ ( ! jury at ! ,salon ( #agic1 t pa9t+ c\ld possess a "r to exi/ 9 ! new /ate1 & z ! h&maid ( ?is patriotism might fulfil an ev5 high] mission ?an x _h done 9 anci5t ,greece & ,rome4 ,! ,greeks & ,romans 7 inde$ only slaves1 b we ,fr5* are by nature free1 philosoph]s 9 "*1 virtu\s 9 our e p]ception1 & arti/s ?r\gh our ta/e4 ,9 proportion z ! ,fr5* ,republic transc5d$ ! old free /ates1 s too mu/ ,fr5* art take ! lead ( ! antique4 ,all t /imulat$ art 9 ,greece1 ! gymna/ic ex]cises1 ! public games1 ! national fe/ivals1 is also accessible to ! ,fr5*1 :o possess above all t :i* ! ,greeks lack$1 ! feel+ = true lib]ty4 ,to depict ! hi/ory ( a free p is inde$ q ano!r mission = ! true g5ius ?an to embody sc5es out ( my?ology4 ,?r\gh ?is fre% nuance1 :i* classicism ?us acquir$1 ! gr\nd 0 cut f "u ! feet ( ^? :o devot$ !mselves to ! /udy ( ! antique z conceiv$ by ,did]ot4 ,! new moral age w\ld h no traffic ) ^? arti/s 9 :om ! la/ smile ( ! eighte5? c5tury 0 p]sonifi$4 ,_! pictures1 full ( grace & caprice1 fell into ! same disrepute into :i* ev]y?+ ( ye/]day _h come1 & x 0 only ) a bitt] smile t !y foll[$ ! c\rse ( ev5ts4 ,! y\ng] ,moreau1 t animat$ ma/] ( rococo1 became academically cold & t$i\s :5 he design$ 8 book on ! ,fr5* co/ume ( ! ,revolution4 ,! good ,fragon>d1 :o 0 only fifty-n9e 9 #aghi1 & liv$ till #ahjf1 saw himself hoot$ 9 spite ( 8 ,*o]eas4 ,he1 ! true repres5tative ( frivol\s t5d]ness1 ( fair & roseate hues1 _h lo/ e "r to exi/ 9 ! new _w1 & end$ 8 life by a sad dea? :51 aft] ! ,reign ( ,t]ror1 !re 0 no long] a place = ftes galantes4 ,a delightful portrait ( himself1 :i* he pa9t$ 9 ! fir/ p]iod ( ! ,revolution1 %[s u an old man1 clo!d entirely 9 black1 s(tly melan*oly1 /&+ 9 a =mal1 dusky-br[n salon4 ,on ! table on :i* 8 arm re/s lies a guit>1 at 8 feet a portfolio ( engrav+s2 b he nei!r plays ! guit> nor looks at ! pr9ts4 ,9 ! %ad[s ( ! fall+ ev5+ he rem9ds himself =lornly ( pa/ days1 & 8 bald =ehead1 :]e s _m rose-col\r$ dreams h pass$1 is ov]ca/ ) gloomy %ad[s4 ,greuze1 too1 outliv$ himself4 ,x 0 no use = him to pret5d m & m to ! utmo/ virtue1 & to pa9t an ,ariadne at ,naxos4 ,he di$ 9 mis]y & oblivion 9 #ahje4 ,! dem&s :i* ?is new classicism made 7 able to be satisfi$ by no "o any long]1 n ev5 by ,vi54 ,h[ev] l\dly he might proclaim himself a /ud5t ( ! ,greeks1 he1 nev]!less1 rema9$ a v timid & lukew>m revolution>y4 ,an old man1 cold & peaceful & /olid1 mod]ate 9 ev]y?+1 he _h nei!r ! en]gy nor ! audacity ( ! re=m]4 ,he _h be5 ! ,c\rt pa9t] ( ,l\is ,,xvi1 a mo/ mon>*ically dispos$ & loyal man1 & 0 a suspect on ?is gr\nd alone to ^? :o 7 9 p[] 9 #aghi4 ,8 pictures1 too1 describe no m ?an ! end ( a _w4 ,greuze1 ,fragon>d1 & ,vi51 9 spite ( _! assum$ s]i\sness1 surviv$ only z gallant phantoms 9 ! new age1 by ! side ( ^? m5 ( m rugg$ c\nt5ance :o inaugurat$ ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,,jacques ,,l\is ,,david4 ,l',art4 ,jacques ,l\is ,david fir/ satisfi$ ! new requirem5ts1 & 9 s do+ l5t to ,fr5* classicism1 if only = a few ye>s1 a c]ta9 t\* ( f> great] vivacity4 ,he x 0 :o c>ri$ ?r\gh1 9 all its consequ5ce1 t re=mation 9 ta/e :i* ,vi5 _h s\ght 9 ext]nals1 9 co/ume1 furniture & decoration2 :o inspir$ ! gems pa9t$ by ,vi5 ) republican pa?os1 & became 9 ?is way ! great h]ald ( t age :i* read ,plut>* & made ,p>is into a mod]n ,sp>ta4 ,david1 ,prix de ,rome aft] ?ree successive failures1 /ill came f t corrupt epo* aga9/ :i* ,republican prud]y 0 s excit$4 ,at ! age ( tw5ty-six he _h already pa9t$ ,s(fits1 9 ! mann] ( 8 k9sman ,b\*]1 to say x ) respect4 ,b ! j\rney to ,rome conv]t$ ,saul into ,paul4 ,9 #agge ,vi51 on 8 appo9tm5t z director ( ! ,roman ,academy1 _h tak5 him to ,italy z 8 be/ pupil1 & h>dly dreamt at t "t t ?is "y man w\ld /rike out on su* an entirely new pa? f 8 ,roman /udies4 ,he did n wait = ! ,revolution to be conv]t$2 :5 ! h\r /ruck he 0 ready4 ,?us 8 fir/ pictures 7 9 a mann] ! prelude to ! ,revolution4 ,9 !m he _h already q consci\sly ent]$ ^u ! road along :i* he 0 to g lat]4 ,8 ,oa? ( ! ,horatii & 8 ,brutus1 bo? pa9t$ 9 ,rome 9 #aghd1 proclaim$ 8 programme4 ,! little1 rosy loves1 ! doves ( ,v5us1 & all ! *>m+ frivolity & gallantry ( rococo1 receiv$ _! f9al dismissal1 & r\gh m5 walk$ 9 _! /ead4 ,he broke 8 /aff ov] all t he _h previ\sly v5]at$1 & decl>$ l\dly t he _h s9n$ :5 9 8 y\? he _h believ$ 9 ! fl[]y palette ( rococo1 & complet$ 9 t5d] tones ^? ceil+ frescoes :i* ,fragon>d _h comm5c$ 9 ! h\se ( ,mdlle4 ,guim>d4 ,caprici\s frivolities _h to make way = a manli] art1 matt] t 0 wor?y to rivet ! gaze ( a free nation ^u itself4 ,already1 long be=e ! tak+ ( ! ,ba/ille1 ! pa9t+ ( "y ,david 0 valu$ by ! ris+ g5]ation z ! arti/ic embodim5t ( _! political ideas1 imbib$ :ile !y 7 /ill at s*ool4 ,:5 ! ,horatii 0 complet$ x 0 n only old ,pompeo ,battoni :o exclaim$1 :5 he saw ! picture 9 ,david's ,roman /udio1 ,tu ed io soli siamo pittori1 pel riman5te si puo gett>lo nel fiume4 ,9 ,p>is 8 success 0 univ]sal2 all ! critics 7 unanim\s 9 praise2 ,david 0 ! man aft] ! he>t ( ! age1 = 8 picture 0 ! fir/ :i* spoke cle>ly & p]ceptibly ( ! pa?os ( ! revolution :i* /ood at ! ?re%old4 ,p saw 9 x an example ( patriotism :i* knew no ob/acles1 s9ce n ev5 love = _! si/]1 :o 0 betro!d to ! enemy1 prevail$ ^u ! ,horatii to refra9 f combat ) ! ,curiati4 ,8 next picture1 ,brutus z he receiv$ ! lictors1 :5 !y br+ him ! bodies ( 8 sons :o h be5 implicat$ 9 a mon>*ical conspiracy1 0 greet$ z allegorical ( ! incorruptible ju/ice ( republicanism4 ,! populace saw 9 x ! glorification ( ! *a/isem5t ( all traitors to lib]ty1 & acclaim$ ,david because he _h f\nd$ ! s9ewy /yle :i* %\ld *>act]ise ! h]oic de$s ( ! revolution>ies1 *ildr5 ( lib]ty1 equality1 & frat]nity4 ,& "o und]/&s--:5 "o also adds ! influ5ce ( ,napoleon--?is reaction ( milit>y simplicity aga9/ ! effem9acy ( rococo4 ,illu/ration3 ,,david4 ,,madame ,r,,cami]4 ,david1 at ! outbreak ( ! ,revolution1 no long] a "y man1 b =ty ye>s old1 0 ! t]rible pa9t] ( ! age1 its despotic dictator4 ,z a deputy 9 ! ,conv5tion he n only rul$ ov] pa9t+1 b also impos$ 8 ta/e ^u sculpture1 ivory "w1 goldsmi?s' "w1 & decoration4 ,he design$ ! new co/umes = ! deputies & m9i/]s4 ,z organis] ( public ftes1 he br\ght to life aga9 ! :ole ( republican ,rome4 ,he 0 "o ( ^? r>e arti/s :o are ! m5 ( _! h\r4 ,to a new plebeian race1 to ^: fev]i%ly excit$ patriotism ! s(t1 luxuri\s1 ari/ocratically repreh5sible art ( rococo mu/ seem z a mock]y ( all ! rights ( m51 he %[$1 = ! fir/ "t1 ! man1 ! h]o :o di$ = an idea or = 8 c\ntry2 & he gave ?is man huge & ela/ic muscles1 l ^? ( a gladiator :o /ruggles 9 ! ar5a4 ,he 0 a second ,h]cules1 cleans+ ! ,augan /ables2 ) 8 own /rong %\ld]s he ?ru/ back ! petulant b& ( pa9t]s :o _h t>ri$ too long 9 ! isl& ( ,cy!ra4 ,he appli$ art to ! h]oism ( ! day1 gave x ! m>tial attitude ( patriotism1 inspir$ x ) ! _s ( ,robespi]re1 ,/4 ,j1 & ,danton4 ,! m obtrusively 8 h]oes p>ad$ _! patriotism1 ! m p saw 9 !m a picture ( ! ,fr5* nation1 z true z a transposition c\ld hope to be4 ,?is /ra9$ rhetorical pa?os dwelt 9 ! m9d ( ! age4 ,talma mov$ ! p to en?usiasm :5 he play$ ! ,horatii ( ,corneille 9 ! classic co?urnus4 ,:5 ,david pa9t$1 ! /ate declamations ( ! orators /ill rang 9 8 e>s4 ,robespi]re is said to h spok5 f ! tribune sl[ly1 rhy?mically1 arti/ically3 a ,bossuet 9 8 ro/rum1 a ,boileau 9 8 *air1 :ile ! volcano quiv]$ b5ea? 8 v feet3 8 philippics 7 c>efully divid$ into ?ree sections1 l academic disc\rses3 8 patriotism resolv$ itself into tirades ) correctly compos$ p]iods4 ,9 ,david's pictures we h an exact correspond5ce ) all ?is3 ! rigid classicality ( 8 composition1 figures gr\p$ z ?\gh on p>ade2 8 cold pa?os1 ! c\nt]p>t to t ( ! orators' f9e s5tim5ts set =? 9 f9e phrases4 ,! great di/9ction betwe5 ! beg9n+ ( mod]n art 9 ,g]many & 9 ,france is t 9 ,france ! new /yle 0 n only call$ =? by ! influ5ce ( a sci5tific programme f outside1 b /ood 9 conjunction ) a great trans=mation 9 culture1 & t x 0 compell$ at fir/ to conc]n itself n only ) imitation & philological retrospect1 b ) ! free expression ( ! *>act]i/ically mod]n _s4 ,g]man art _h no new pron\ncem5t to make ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! antique2 x foll[$1 on ! o!r h&1 ! programme ( an arti/ically b>r5 s*ol> :o =got t ar*ology is n art1 recomm5d$ imitation z ! pa? to p]fection1 & p]petually rem9d$ ! arti/s :o foll[$ him h[ widely !y deviat$ f ! correct l9es ( ! model4 ,aft]w>ds !y rebuke x1 & say x is n antique & consequ5tly n good art1 z ,albre*t ,dr] _h compla9$ ( su* p4 ,9 ! e>ne/ s5tim5t1 ! exalt$ ,roman _s1 ! declaim+ ov] rugg$1 mascul9e virtues1 fre$om & patriotism1 t f\nd expression 9 ,david's fir/ pictures1 !re liv$ some?+ ( ! ,catonian _s ( ! ,t]ror2 & t /ill gives !m hi/orical value4 ,8 en?usiasm 0 n1 fir/ & =emo/1 = antique art1 b = ! ideas ( c\ntry1 duty1 fre$om1 progress4 ,! words antiquity & democracy 7 ( l mean+ to him4 ,illu/ration3 ,,david4 ,,! ,,oa? ,,( ,,! ,,horatii4 ,& h[ ?or\ghly ?is man 0 p]meat$ ) ! _s ( 8 age is %[n /ill m :5 he disc>d$ ! co?urnus1 boldly attack$ ! pres5t1 & gave himself up entirely to ! del9eation ( :at came "u 8 direct obs]vation 9 8 own life & exp]i5ce4 ,!re he became n only a rhetorician1 a revolution>y agitator1 b a really great pa9t]4 ,lepelleti] on 8 dea?-b$1 ! assass9at$ ,m>at1 & ! dead ,b>re1 are works ( a mighty naturali/4 ,lepelleti]1 "o ( ! _m deputies :o _h vot$ = ! dea? ( ,l\is ,,xvi1 0 trea*]\sly assass9at$ 9 ,p>is1 on #bj? ,janu>y #agic1 by a valet ( ! k+'s4 ,! body 0 publicly exhibit$2 ,david pa9t$ x1 & on #bi? ,m>* pres5t$ ! picture to ! ,conv5tion4 ,z ! portrait ( ! fir/ ,m>tyr ( ,lib]ty1 x 0 hung 9 ! ,conv5tion *amb]4 ,on #ac? ,july #agic ,m>at1 ! man-(-t]ror1 fell a victim to ! knife ( ,*>lotte ,corday4 ,david 0 presid+ at ! ,jacob9 ,club :5 ! news 0 br\ght him1 & he embrac$ ! citiz5 :o _h arre/$ ! girl4 ,deputations ( ! p appe>$ 9 ! ,conv5tion to express _! grief = ! heavy loss4 ,sudd5ly a voice 0 he>d to cry3 ,o es tu1 ,david8 ,tu z transmis la po/]it l'image de ,lepelleti] m\rant p\r la patrie1 il te re/e encore un tableau faire4 ,sil5ce succe$$ 9 ! ,assembly4 ,!n ,david />t$ up3 ,je le f]ai4 ,on #aa? ,octob] he in=m$ ! ,conv5tion t 8 ,m>at 0 f9i%$4 ,! p ask$ = _! murd]$ man back aga91 long$ to look once m on ! features ( _! true/ fri5d4 ,!y cri$ to me3 ',david1 take up y\r bru%1 av5ge ,m>at1 s t ! enemy may blan* :5 !y p]ceive ! di/ort$ c\nt5ance ( ! man :o became ! victim ( 8 love = fre$om4' ,i he>d ! voice ( ! p1 & obey$4 ,?us ,david spoke 9 ! ,assembly :5 he pres5t$ ! ,republic ) ! picture ( ! murd]$ man--"o ( ! mo/ ?rill+ repres5tations ( t awful age4 ,! body is ly+ 9 ! ba?4 ,only ! nak$ upp] "p ( ! body1 & ! head1 ) a dirty clo? ti$ r\nd x1 & fall5 back ^u ! "r %\ld]1 are visible2 "o h&1 re/+ back on ! side ( ! ba?1 /ill holds a pap] 9 a convulsive grip2 ! o!r hangs d[n limp & dead to ! gr\nd4 ,ov] ?is head1 ) ! half-clos$ eyelids1 & ! m\? di/ort$ f ! dea?-?roes1 ,c>avaggio w\ld h rejoic$1 !re is su* ke5 naturalism 9 e /roke ( ! bru%4 ,l ,gricault1 9 lat] times1 ,david 0 !n a regul> visitor at ! ,morgue1 att5d$ at executions1 & took an int]e/ 9 ! convulsive muscul> movem5ts ( ! guillot9$4 ,& ! col\r1 too1 l ! draw+1 is ( a naturali/ic /r5g? to :i* he nev] aga9 atta9$4 ,! light falls slant+ly on ! corpse f above & ?r[s ! head1 %\ld]1 & "o arm into /rong relief1 :ile all ! re/ is left 9 obscurity4 ,9 ?is awful /ill-life ( uncompromis+ reality & tragical gr&eur he has creat$ a "w 9 ! mid/ ( an age ( /orm :i* w survive all /orms & all *anges ( ta/e4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,david4 ,,! ,,rape ,,( ,,! ,,sab9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,david4 ,,hel5 ,,& ,,p>is4 ,8 portraits h no less /rik+ly surviv$ ! fi]y ordeal ( "t4 ,9 !m1 too1 he is nei!r rhetorical nor cold1 b full ( fire & ! fre%ness ( y\?4 ,face to face ) 8 model1 he =got ! ,greeks & ,romans1 saw life alone1 0 rejuv5at$ 9 ! y\?-giv+ f\nt ( nature1 & pa9t$--almo/ alone ( ! pa9t]s ( 8 g5]ation--! tru?4 ,"h 8 effect1 :5 o!rwise he 0 lack+ 9 all navet1 is actually nave & intimate4 ,! be/ pa9t]s h nev] treat$ fle% bett]4 ,he _h an av]sion to palette tones1 & s\ght aft] nature ) unexampl$ att5tion4 ,! f9e pe>l-grey ( 8 col\r+ is z delicate z x is di/+ui%$2 9 8 portraits1 especially1 ! relief-tones ( blue & light rose seem almo/ to anticipate ! delicate1 ton$-d[n t9ts ( mod]n ,impressionism4 ,himself an ard5t ,revolutioni/1 he 01 z x 71 creat$ to be ! portray] ( ^? m5 ( an au/]ity l ,cato's1 & ^? wom5 ) _! free1 mascul9e1 pr\d gaze2 t valiant g5]ation t felt )9 itself a desire to beg9 civilisation aga9 & f\nd religion anew4 ,! portrait ( ,lavoisi] & 8 wife rem9ds "o 9 its ref9em5t ( ,madame ,vige-,lebrun4 ,! *emi/ is sitt+ by a table cov]$ ) in/rum5ts2 8 wife1 9 an elegant light g[n1 b5ds att5tively ov] him4 ,! picture dates f #aghh1 & x /ill looks l "s good "w ( ! age ( ,l\is ,,xvi4 ,aga91 h[ intimate is ! effect ( ! m>vell\s portrait ( ,mi*ael ,gr>d & 8 family4 ,! good man1 9 8 %irt-sleeves1 seems to feel really at home2 a small boy is lean+ aga9/ 8 knee1 a girl is play+ on ! clavicorde4 ,!re is n ! slighte/ sugge/ion ( pose or a conv5tional type ( beauty 9 ?is /\t old g5tleman sitt+ s com=tably 9 8 b\rgeois nglig1 & ) hone/ eyes gaz+ out s inquisitively r\nd him4 ,9 a few o!r pictures ! spiritual life ( wom5 is portray$ ) rem>kable t5d]ness4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ is ! exceptionally f9e portrait ( 8 "m-9-law1 ,madame ,pc\lt1 9 #aghc2 !n1 9 #agij1 ! portrait ( ! ,m>quise d',orvilli]s1 ) t expression ( dreamy languor :i* plays r\nd ! eyes ( ! beautiful woman4 ,! ,l\vre possesses1 9 ! portrait ( ,madame ,rcami]1 p]haps ! mo/ *>m+ & attractive woman's portrait t ,david ev] pa9t$4 ,! beautiful ,juliette lies /ret*$ on a divan ( antique patt]n4 ,%e we>s a :ite dress1 h] s(t rosy feet are b>e4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! room coquettes primly ) t simplicity :i* 0 p>ad$ at ! "t4 ,ap>t f ! divan1 !re is only a huge bronze c&elabra to be se54 ,!n !re is ,b>]e's portrait4 ,he /&s on ! tribune1 & deliv]s ! spee* :i* is to co/ ,l\is ,,xvi 8 life4 ,! face is small & insignificant1 ! gaze cold & h>%1 & on ! m\? !re is a %ad[ ( bitt] hate & n>r[ fanaticism4 ,b ! triumph ( ^! portraits ( m5 is t ( ,bonap>te4 ,david 0 "o ( ! fir/ ( ! m5 ( ! ,revolution to come b5ea? ! spell ( ! ,little ,corporal4 ,"o day1 :ile he 0 work+ 9 8 /udio at ! ,l\vre1 a pupil ru%$ 9 brea?lessly3 ,g5]al ,bonap>te is outside ! door6 ,napoleon ent]$ 9 a d>k-blue coat t made 8 lean yell[ face look lean] & yell[] ?an ev]4 ,david dismiss$ 8 pupils1 & drew1 9 a sitt+ ( b>ely two h\rs1 ! /]n head ( ! ,corsican4 ,?us he pass$ into ! s]vice ( ,napoleon4 ,?is man1 :o view$ himself only z ! cop+-/one ( ! ,republic--aft] ! example ( ,augu/us :5 he trans=m$ ! ,roman ,republic into ! ,empire--0 unwill+ to %[ any opposition to ! republican ta/es4 ,! fir/ pa9t] ( ! ,republic 0 appo9t$ to be ! ,imp]ial ,c\rt pa9t]4 ,:at he _h be5 "u ,robespi]re he 0 "u ,napoleon3 ! dictator ( 8 age1 :o ma9ta9$ a supremacy ov] ! :ole ( art simil> to t :i* ,lebrun held b5ea? ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,! ,m>at 0 ! great "w ( 8 revolution>y1 ! ,coronation ( 8 mon>*ical p]iod1--t colossal picture :i*1 complet$ betwe5 #ahjf & #ahjg1 has h&$ d[n to po/]ity a true repres5tation ( ! c]emonial pageants t took place 9 ,notre ,dame on #bnd ,decemb] #ahjd4 ,! mom5t select$ is :5 ,napoleon places ! cr[n1 :i* is c>ri$ on a velvet cu%ion by ! ,duc de ,b]g1 ^u ! head ( ! ,empress1 :o kneels be=e him 9 a :ite robe & a crimson mantle4 ,! picture conta9s portraits ( all ! p]sonages pres5t at ! c]emony1 among/ !m be+ ,david himself1 z he /&s on a plat=m & sket*es at a small table4 ,! :ole composition ( ?is picture & ! gr\p+ ( ! figures is full ( /ately gravity4 ,real en]gy & pati5ce mu/ h be5 requir$ to pa9t ?is imm5se picture1 ?\gh x %[s n ! lea/ sign ( fatigue4 ,) ! exception ( ,m5zel's ,coronation ( ,william ,i1 ,i "k ( no hi/orical picture ( ! c5tury ( z high an arti/ic value1 ) ! l noble sublimity ( col\r1 ) s t5d]1 quiv]+ a light4 ,!re are c]ta9 portions ( ! ,coronation 9 :i* ! :ite robes1 ! deep-r$ velvet ( ! mantles1 & gold embroid]ies affect u l a symphony 9 col\rs4 ,:5 ! picture 0 complet$ ,napoleon visit$ ,david's /udio1 accompani$ by ! ,empress1 8 m9i/]s1 & 8 /aff4 ,! ,c\rt drew up1 & ! ,emp]or mov$ up & d[n 9 front ( ! picture1 hat 9 h&1 = m ?an half an h\r1 exam9+ x 9 all its details4 ,f9ally1 ) "o ( ^? dramatic effects ( :i* he 0 s fond1 he lightly rais$ 8 hat3 ,c'e/ bi51 trs bi52 ,david1 je v\s salue4 ,illu/ration3 ,,david4 ,,belis>ius ,,ask+ ,,alms4 ,david _h n[ /ill bett] opportunities ?an at an e>li] p]iod ( prov+ 8 great capacity z a portrait pa9t]4 ,8 portraits ( ! ,emp]or1 ( ! ,pope1 ( ,c>d9al ,capr>a1 & ( ,murat symbolise ! brutal greatness ( an age :i* wor%ipp$ /r5g?4 ,ev5 at ! close ( 8 life1 :5 ! ,re/oration _h exil$ him f ,france1 !re result$ 9 ,brussels graceful & t5d]ly obs]v$ portraits1 su* z t ( ! daught] ( ,joseph ,bonap>te1 :i* w p]petuate 8 "n4 ,"o1 9 ! ,praet ,collection at ,brussels--?ree wom5 ( indescribable ugl9ess--m>ks ! p9nacle ( 8 pictorial /r5g? & ke5 naturalism4 ,!y are ! ,?ree ,fates ( #ahaj1 & he has pa9t$ !m ) ! true arti/'s delight1 & ) a massiv5ess l t ( ,frans ,hals4 ,:5 ^! works 7 br\ght toge!r at ! ,p>is ,exhibition ( #ahhi1 univ]sal a/oni%m5t prevail$ :5 x 0 discov]$ :at a great pa9t] ?is ,l\is ,david 04 ,he appe>$ 9 ^! pictures z an arti/ :o /ood completely )9 8 age1 :o %>$ its passions & 0 p]meat$ by its greatness2 he ev5 appe>$ z a *>meur :o h&l$ ! ph5om5a ( col\r & light z few o!rs h done4 ,x is true1 ,david %[$ himself 9 ?is fav\rable light at ! exhibition only because ! entirely ar*ological side ( 8 tal5t 0 n repres5t$4 ,= at ! bottom ( 8 he>t he too 0 an ar*ologi/4 ,_m ( 8 works1 su* z ,! ,dea? ( ,socrates1 ,brutus1 ,! ,oa? 9 ! ,t5nis ,c\rt1 & ,! ,rape ( ! ,sab9es1 are specim5s ( a b>r5 !ory4 ,aga9/ all ! caprice ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 ) its *>m+1 allur+ grace1 he oppos$ a /rict1 inexorable sy/em1 z he believ$ he saw x 9 ! antique4 ,simplicity1 h[ev]1 b5ea? 8 h&s became dryness1 nobility =mal4 ,he saw 9 pa9t+ a sort ( ab/ract geometry = :i* !re exi/$ h>d-&-fa/ =ms4 ,!re 0 some?+ ma!matical 9 8 ef=t aft] dry correctness & erudite accuracy4 ,! inf9ite v>iety ( life ) its et]nal *anges 0 hidd5 f 8 sight4 ,! beautiful1 he taught ) ,w9ckelmann1 does n exi/ 9 a s+le individual2 x is only possible to create a type ( x by comp>ison & ?r\gh composition4 ,! human be+ ( art ought always to be a copy ( t p]fect be+1 primitive man1 :om ! ,roman sculptors _h /ill be=e _! eyes1 b :o _h det]iorat$ 9 ! c\rse ( ages4 ,?us 9 ,france1 too1 ! s5su\s art ( pa9t+ 0 conv]t$ into an ab/ract sci5ce ( /hetics4 ,! classic ideal weigh$ ^u ,fr5* art & prescrib$ = all alike ! same h]oic /yle1 ! same elevation1 ! same m>ble coldness & monotony ( col\r4 ,jean-,bapti/e ,regnault1 & ,franois ,&r ,v9c5t1 ^: /udios 7 mo/ frequ5t$ aft] ,david's1 wor%ipp$ ! same gods4 ,aft] ,david's dep>ture1 ,gur91 9 p>ticul>1 endeav\r$ to bequea? to ! /ud5ts ^? g5u9ely academic rules :i* 8 pupil1 ,delacroix1 has summ$ up 9 ^! words3 ,9 ord] to make an ideal head ( a negro1 our tea*]s make him resemble z f> z possible ! pr(ile ( ,ant9\s1 & !n say1 ',we h done our utmo/2 if he is1 nev]!less1 n beautiful1 we mu/ altoge!r ab/a9 f ?is freak ( nature1 ) 8 squat nose & ?ick lips1 s un5durable to ! eyes4' ,:5 he _h to pa9t 8 ,insurrection 9 ,cairo1 !re=e1 ,egyptians z well z ,arabs mu/ fir/ be suppli$ ) heads ( ,ant9\s & trans=m$ f mod]n soldi]s into anci5t w>riors1 ,romans ( ! "t ( ,romulus1 be=e !y c\ld ent] into ! k+dom ( art4 ,ev]y?+ 0 sacrific$ to l9e1--an inflexible1 inexorable1 correct1 & icy l9e1 ! conv5tional1 ideal l9e1--n ! true l9e :i* foll[s f obs]vation ( ! inf9ite v>iety ( nature4 ,nev]!less1 ev5 9 works con/ruct$ z ^! 7 by rule & l9e1 we _c fail to be impress$ by ! te*nical ability display$ by ! arti/4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,david4 ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,m>at4 ,france1 :o 9 h] outw>d relations has g5]ally _h a fev]i% long+ = *ange1 has be5 9 lit]>y & arti/ic respects1 z a rule1 exce$+ly cons]vative1 has upheld au?ority1 support$ an academy1 & priz$ limitations & proportion above ev]y?+4 ,!y _h upset ! mon>*y1 murd]$ ! hat$ ari/ocrats1 built up ! republic1 done away ) ,*ri/ianity be=e !y ev] ?\ght ( t\*+ ! ?ree unities ( ! drama4 ,voltaire1 :o _h a rev]5ce = no?+ 9 heav5 or e>?1 respect$ ! receiv$ treatm5t ( ! ,alex&r9e v]se4 ,& ,david1 ! great pa9t] ( ! ,revolution1 :o ca/ ! pictures ( ,b\*] out ( ! ,l\vre1 & ^: pupils us$ to %oot bread-crumbs at ,watteau's ma/]piece1 ! ,voyage ,cy?re1 yet convey$ ) him into ! new age1 z an inh]itance f rococo1 its prodigi\s k4 ,! good old traditions ( ! te*nique ( ,fr5* pa9t+ 7 little %ak5 by him & 8 s*ool4 ,! ,academy describ$ by ,quatremre z ! et]nal nurs]y g>d5 ( incurable prejudices1 0 inde$ ov]?r[n1 b ,david became imm$iately ! head ( a new "o4 ,?is age ( absorption 9 politics develop$ an art to correspond1 m discipl9$ ?an ev]1 girt r\nd by an iron cuirass2 & ?is art1 not)/&+ multif>i\s phases1 at no "t lo/ its t\*1 te*nically1 ) ! acquisitions ( =m] epo*s1 b evolv$ itself 9 its v>i\s directions f "o c5tre1 di/ract$ f its pa? by no?+ br\ght into x f outside4 ,gricault1 ,delacroix1 ,c\rbet1 & ,manet1 widely z !y diff] f "o ano!r1 are l9ks 9 "o *a9 ( evolution4 ,art comes f k4 ,?is maxim1 :i* ,david held 9 hon\r1 has rema9$ to ! pres5t day a dom9ant =ce 9 ,fr5* art1 & by virtue ( ?is k1 :i* ,david receiv$ f ! old ma/]s & gu>d$ z a sacr$ tru/1 ,france became 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury ! *ief s*ool ( te*nique = all o!r nations4 ,f ! ,fr5* ! o!r nations le>n$ _! gramm> & syntax2 ?r\gh !m !y acquir$ a wid] horizon & a deep] insight into ! great my/]y ( nature4 ,decoration ,,book ,,ii ,,! ,,escape ,,into ,,! ,,pa/ ,,*apt] ,v ,,! ,,naz>5es ,h]e9 lies ! great diff]5ce betwe5 ,france & ,g]many4 ,al?\gh foll[+ along new l9es1 ! art ( ,france did n !reby suff] z reg>ds ! quality ( its execution2 9 spite ( all ,classicism x rema9$ ! discipl9$ art ( ! s*ools4 ,^! fav\rable prelim9>ies 7 lack+ 9 ,g]many4 ,x 0 n allott$ to ,g]man pa9t+ to gr[ up 9 nave cont5tm5t ) ! te*nical inh]itance ( its =efa!rs1 b1 on ! contr>y1 at ! entrance ( its new c>e] x broke s completely ) its pr$ecessor--! art ( ! eighte5? c5tury--t x c\ld no long] adopt ev5 its te*nical traditions4 ,x arose out ( ! negation ( e>li] art1 an absolute negation su* z ! _w _h nev] se5 be=e4 ,x began ) a self-made man :o _h nev] acquir$ ! *>t] ( craftsman%ip1 :o nev] le>nt to pa9t4 ,9 ,france1 revolution>y pictures inspir$ ) int5se pa?os1 & frankly naturali/ic portraits ( ma/]ly te*nique2 ) ,c>/5s1 outl9es %[+ ref9$ feel+1 b faulty v g5]ally 9 execution1 sket*es drawn r\ghly ) ! p5cil1 crayon1 or r$ *alk4 ,x _h tak5 _m g5]ations ( pa9t]s1 ^: lives _h be5 sp5t 9 c>eful devotion to ! "w1 to collect ! te*nical capital :i* ,c>/5s s c>elessly flung to ! w9ds4 ,! next /ep along ?is way 0 tak5 by ! ,naz>5es4 ,j z x 0 inevitable t cold & lifeless ,classicism %\ld foll[ ! brightness & animation ( rococo1 s x 0 necess>y1 accord+ to ! law ( extremes :i* alt]nate 9 e evolution ( culture1 t1 next to ! antique1 %\ld come its exact opposite1 ! ,go?ic or ,middle ,ages4 ,! antique 0 s monoton\s t p long$ = v>iety ( col\r aga92 x 0 s cold & /atuesque t !y long$ = some?+ s\lful1 s ,greek & pagan & sev]e t !y hank]$ aga9 aft] some?+ ,*ri/ian1 w\ld believe aga9 l *ildr54 ,ev5 9 ! "y days ( ! old pagan1 ,goe!1 religion =m$ ! fav\rite topic ( ! beaux esprits1 & 9 ! same ye>1 #agig1 t ,c>/5s di$1 ?is cult ( ! emotional life f\nd1 = ! fir/ "t1 expression 9 lit]ature4 ,9 e libr>y "o f9ds a da9ty1 f9ely pr9t$ book 9 small octavo1 )\t ! au?or's "n1 ) ! title ,h]z5s]giessung5 e9es ,kun/lieb5d5 ,klo/]brud]s1 & ) a sort ( head ( ,raphael z a frontispiece1 9 :i*1 ) 8 prom95t eyes1 full lips1 & long neck1 he looks l "s intellectual1 ,*ri/-inspir$1 consumptive en?usia/4 ,x is ! pale1 g5tle face ( ,wack5rod]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fr$]ick ,,ov]beck4 ,fir/ ,w9ckelmann1 !n ,wack5rod]4 ,9 ! v p]sonalities ( ^! two ! :ole opposition betwe5 ,classicism & ! ,naz>5es is reflect$4 ,a /ud5t b>ely tw5ty ye>s old1 a mild1 mode/1 contemplative s\l1 :o _h atta*$ himself f e>ly y\? ) womanly devotion to 8 m en]getic fri5d ,tieck1 & writt5 lett]s to him t read l a "y girl's effusions to h] swee!>t1 he ent]$ ! ,erlang] ,univ]sity ) 8 fri5d at ! ,ea/] ( #agic4 ,!y saw ,nuremb]g4 ,m ?an once !y made pilgrimages to ! old fa%ion$ t[n1 ! treasury ( ,g]man art2 & ! _s ( ! pa/ p[]fully inspir$ !m4 ,:il/ = ,less+ & ,w9ckelmann ,go?ic art only meant b>b>ian art1 ! wond]s ( ,nuremb]g 7 n[ obs]v$ ) fre% eyes4 ,9 a sort ( intoxication ( art ! fri5ds w&]$ ?r\gh *ur*es1 /ood by ! graves ( ,albre*t ,dr] & ,pet] ,vis*]1 & a vani%$ _w rose be=e !m4 ,! spires & turrets beh9d fall+ walls & ramp>ts1 ! old1 /ately1 patrician h\ses1 :i* jutt$ out _! oriel w9d[s1 z x 7 ) curiosity1 into ! crook$ /reets1 7 peopl$ to _! imag9ation ) picturesque figures 9 bonnet & hose f t great "t :5 ,nuremb]g 0 ! liv+1 sw>m+ s*ool ( native art1 :5 an exub]ant1 arti/ic _s gov]n$ )9 its walls1 :5 ,ma/] ,hans ,sa*s & ,adam ,kraft & ,pet] ,vis*] & ,albre*t ,dr] & ,willibald ,pirkheym] 7 alive4 ,%ortly aft] t !y came to ,dresd51 & devot$ !mselves 9 ! gall]y !re to an en?usia/ic cult ( ! ,madonna4 ,! ,h]z5s]giessung5 e9es ,kun/lieb5d5 ,klo/]brud]s1 :i* appe>$ a ye> be=e ,wack5rod]'s dea? 9 8 tw5ty-six? ye>1 0 ! result ( ^! w&]+s & /udies4 ,9 ?is t5d] production ( a vision>y y\? ! _s ( ,romantic art f\nd expression4 ,w9ckelmann 0 an ar*ologi/2 ,wack5rod]1 an en?usia/ ( ! ,middle ,ages2 on ! "o side k only1 on ! o!r all feel+2 = ! "o1 paganism1 = ! o!r1 ,*ri/4 ,= x is f ! fir/ a lead+ pr9ciple ( ! ,klo/]brud]1 t ! f9e/ /ream ( life only issues f ! /reams ( art & religion :5 !y fl[ 9 company4 ,he valu$ ! old] pa9t]s because !y _h made pa9t+ ! true h&maid ( religion2 art 0 to him an object ( devotion4 ,picture gall]ies1 he says1 ought to be temples2 he w\ld lik5 ! enjoym5t ( works ( art to pray]2 let x be a holy fea/ day to him if he g ) a s]i\s & compos$ m9d to _! obs]vance2 inde$1 rev]5ce = art & rev]5ce = ,god 7 s closely int]wov5 t he 0 fa9 to kneel d[n be=e art1 & (f] x ! homage ( an et]nal & b\ndless love4 ,?is devotion to art1 ( :i* he himself 0 full1 he f\nd n[h]e 9 8 times4 ,! age ( enlight5m5t 0 to him an undev\t & in>ti/ic age4 ,only 9 8 w&]+s ?r\gh ! unev5 /reets ( ,nuremb]g did ! deepe/ ye>n+ ( 8 s\l seem satisfi$4 ,he appli$ himself to m$ival1 & especially to ,g]man art4 ,8 /&po9t is ! same :i* ! "y ,goe! _h adopt$ :5 he int]v5$ ) ,h]d] = ,g]man /yle & art1 & d$icat$ 8 pamphlet on ,g]man ar*itecture to ! %ade ( ,erw9 von ,/e9ba*4 ,he is reluctant t "o %\ld condemn ! ,middle ,ages because !y did n build su* temples z ! ,greeks1 any m ?an t "o %\ld condemn ! ,indians because !y spoke _! language & n our own4 ,x is n only b5ea? ,italian skies1 "u maje/ic domes & ,cor9?ian columns1 t true art ?rives1 x lives too "u po9t$ ar*es1 intricately decorat$ build+s1 & ,go?ic spires4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ov]beck4 ,,! ,,annunciation4 ,x 0 all said s simply & he>tily t soon ! :ole _w began to be ,wack5rod]ite4 ,! +5i\s & en?usia/ic y\? 0 succe$$ by !oretic reason]s4 ,tieck1 :o publi%$ 8 ,phantasies ^u ,art 9 #agii1 aft] ,wack5rod]'s dea?1 & amplifi$ x ) 8 own explanations1 0 no long] a g5u9e b a c\nt]feit ,klo/]brud]4 ,he fir/ play$ ) ,ca?olicism1 & utt]$ ! mom5t\s s5t5ce3 ,! be/ ( ! lat] ma/]s up to ! mo/ rec5t times h _h no o!r aim ?an to imitate "s "o ( ! primitive or typical arti/s1 or ev5 sev]al toge!r2 nor h !y easily become great by any o!r me?od ?an by hav+ successfully imitat$ somebody4 ,8 ,/]nbald is /ill m haunt$ by ! _s ( mona/ic devotion4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ov]beck4 ,,! ,,nam+ ,,( ,,/4 ,,john4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ov]beck4 ,,*ri/ ,,heal+ ,,! ,,sick4 ,! p>ticul> />t+-po9t 0 9 ?is case too1 z x _h be5 be=e = ,w9ckelmann1 ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y1 :]e1 at ! turn ( ! c5tury1 ,augu/us ,william & ,fr$]ick ,s*legel1 ! two ,gott]-bub51 held _! cultur$ r5dezv\s4 ,! ,s*legels _h tak5 possession ( ! gall]y1 wrote ,dora ,/ock1 & ) ,s*ell+ & ,gries sp5t almo/ e morn+ !re4 ,x 0 a joy to see !m writ+ & tea*+ !re4 ,sometimes !y talk$ to me ab\t art4 ,i felt myself (t5 q paltry1 ,i 0 s f> f any wisdom4 ,fi*te1 too1 !y initiat$ into _! secrets4 ,y w\ld h laugh$ if y c\ld h se5 !m drag him ab\t & assail him ) _! convictions4 ,! j\rnal ,europa1 f\nd$ by ,fr$]ick ,s*legel 9 #ahjc1 became ! rally+-po9t ( ! new movem5t1 & 8 articles publi%$ !re9 conta9$ ! g]ms ( all ! ef=ts & errors ( ! "y s*ool4 ,9 8 disc\rse on ,raphael he comp>es ! pre-,raphaelite p]iod ) t succe$+ x1 & consid]s ! proposition t indubitably ! corruption ( art 0 orig9ally br\ght ab\t by ! new] s*ool :i* 0 m>k$ by ,raphael1 ,titian1 ,correggio1 ,giulio ,romano1 & ,mi*ael ,angelo s unque/ionable t he does n f9d x 9 ! lea/ necess>y to prove x4 ,he casually puts =w>d z an obit] dictum dropp$ 9 among/ a s]ies ( q oppos$ notions ! idea t e art ought to h a national f\ndation1 & t any imitation ( a =eign =m ( art is delet]i\s4 ,! result foll[s t x is to be deplor$ t an evil g5ius has ali5at$ arti/s f ! circle ( ideas & ! subjects ( ! old pa9t]s4 ,culture c only atta* itself to :at has be5 con/itut$4 ,h[ natural x w\ld be1 !n1 if pa9t]s 7 to g on 9 ! old way1 & ca/ !mselves anew into ! ideas & disposition ( ! old pa9t]s4 ,! arti/ %\ld foll[ ! pa9t]s prior to ,raphael1 especially ! olde/1 %\ld /rive to copy c>efully _! tru? & simplicity long en\gh = x to become second nature to 8 eye2 or he may select ! /yle ( ! old ,g]man s*ool z a patt]n4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ov]beck4 ,,*ri/',s ,,entry ,,into ,,j]usalem4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ov]beck4 ,,! ,,resurrection4 ,! latt] c\nsel orig9at$ f ! discov]y 9 #ahjd ( ! ,cologne ,ca!dral picture1 ref]r$ to by ,s*legel 9 8 ,europa4 ,?r\gh ! secul>isation ( ! mona/]ies1 att5tion 0 aga9 direct$ to ! old ecclesia/ical pictures :i* p _h hi!rto pass$ by unnotic$4 ,f ! mona/]ies1 *ur*es1 guild halls1 & ca/les :i* ! ,fr5* _h plund]$1 c\ntless masses ( pa9t+s ( e sort 7 extricat$4 ,a great deal p]i%$2 ne>ly all1 h[ev]1 t _h hi!rto be5 kept z heirlooms1 & = ! mo/ "p almo/ inaccessible1 n[ became movable1 atta9able prop]ty4 ,! bro!rs ,boiss]e began _! celebrat$ collection1 :i* is to be se5 to-day 9 ! ,muni* ,p9ako!k4 ,:ile hi!rto "o _h1 at ! mo/1 kn[n ( ,dr]1 n[ "o t\*$ ^u an age :i* lay beh9d ! ,re=mation1 an age 9 :i* ,ca?olicism 0 fl\ri%+1 9 :i* n great arti/s b nameless monks repres5t$ art1 & x 0 soon all fire & ard\r ov] ! sweetness1 navet1 & fai? ( ^! pictures4 ,f]n[ _h /ill pron\nc$ g5]ally aga9/ ! capacity ( ! ,ca?olic religion1 ) its ,jewi%-,*ri/ian my?ology & m>tyrology1 to satisfy ! dem&s ( a pure ta/e 9 art4 ,c>/5s _h writt5 d[n = himself ! s5t5ce f ,webb's "w3 ,! art ( ! anci5ts 0 ri* 9 augu/ & captivat+ figures3 _! gods _h grace1 maje/y1 & beauty4 ,h[ mu* mean] is ! lot ( ! mod]ns6 ,_! art is subs]vi5t to ! prie/s4 ,_! *>act]s are tak5 f ! l[e/ sph]es ( life--m5 ( humble desc5t & unc\? mann]s4 ,ev5 _! ,div9e ,ma/] is 9 pa9t+ n[h]e to be se5 accord+ to a great idea2 ,8 long1 smoo? hair1 ,8 ,jewi% be>d & sickly appe>ance w\ld deprive ! mo/ exalt$ be+s ( any semblance ( dignity4 ,meekness & humility1 ,8 *>act]i/ic traits1 are virtues edify+ 9 ! extreme b 9 no way picturesque4 ,?is lack ( dignity 9 ! subject r5d]s x intelligible :y we look s coldly at ^! works 9 ! *ur*es & gall]ies4 ,! g5ius ( pa9t+ exp5ds its /r5g? 9 va9 on ,crucifixions1 ,holy ,families1 ,la/ ,supp]s1 & ! l4 ,n five ye>s _h elaps$ aft] ,c>/5s' dea? :51 accord+ to an impression ( ,doro!a ,veit1 ,*ri/ianity 0 once m ! ord] ( ! day4 ,william ,s*legel's poem1 ,! ,*ur*'s ,alliance ) ! ,arts1 f :i*1 lat]1 ,ov]beck borr[$ ! ?\ght = 8 picture1 c be look$ ^u1 z ,goe! already wrote1 z ! true pr(ession ( fai? ( ! "y s*ool4 ,:]e previ\sly ,augu/us ,william _h describ$ 9 8 sonnets ! ,io1 ,l$a1 & ,cleopatra ( ! ,dresd5 ,gall]y1 x 0 n[ ! ,madonna :o receiv$ ! homage ( ! gallant poet4 ,by ,fr$]ick1 ,*ri/ianity 0 recomm5d$ to ! arti/ z a =mal model & a s\rce ( /hetic enjoym5t1--z x 01 at ! same "t1 by ,*ateaubri& z prdilection d'arti/e4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,ov]beck4 ,,! ,,sev5 ,,lean ,,ye>s4 ,ev5 m pr(\nd did ! t5d5cy become dur+ ! ,w> ( ,indep5d5ce1 :i* at ! same "t gave ! dea? bl[ to ,classicism4 ,di/ress taught h[ to pray4 ,9 ^? ye>s ( humiliation ! "y g5]ation ab&on$ ! classic ideal = ev]1 & ,s*5k5dorf cri$ imp]i\sly3 ,we w\ld see no m pagan pictures on any ,g]man walls4 ,fr5* frivolity 0 contra/$ ) ,g]man s]i\sness1 ,g]man ,*ri/ianity ) ! free-?\ght ( ! ,fr5*2 !re 0 a return f ! cold philosophy ( enlight5m5t to ! vigor\s feel+ ( m$ival fai?4 ,fr$]ick ,s*legel1 ! au?or ( ,luc9de1 :o _h writt5 z lately z #agii3-- ,me9 e9zig ,religion i/ die1 ,dass i* liebe e9 s*nes ,knie1 ,volle ,bru/ und s*lanke ,hft51 ,dazu ,blum5 mit sss5 ,dft51 0 conv]t$ to ,ca?olicism4 ,s*ell+ wrote 8 ,philosophy ( ,revelation2 ,grres1 ! editor ( ! ,ro!n ,blut1 end$ z ! au?or ( ! ,*ri/ian ,my/ic4 ,"h set 9 ! p]iod ( ! ,naz>5es4 ,:at ,s*legel _h said 0 to become true1 t ! ,g]man arti/ has ei!r no "* at all or he mu/ h ! "* ( ! m$ival ma/]s1 true-he>t$ & ?\ghtful1 innoc5t )al1 & some:at maladroit4 ,9 ar*itecture ! ,hell5ic s*ool is succe$$ by ! ,go?ic1 pa9t+ passes f ! rev]5ce ( ! ,greek /atues to t ( old ,italian pictures4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,julius ,,s*norr ,,von ,,c>olsfeld4 ,rome rema9$ = ! ,naz>5es1 too1 ! c5tre ( influ5ce1 only !y no long] made pilgrimages1 l ! ,classici/s1 to anci5t b to ,*ri/ian ,rome4 ,ov]beck ( ,lbeck came 9 #ahaj ) ,p=r ( ,frank=t & ,vogel ( ,zri*2 ! ,dsseldorf]1 ,cornelius1 foll[$ 9 #ahaa1 ,s*ad[ & ,veit ( ,b]l9 9 #ahae1 ,s*norr von ,c>olsfeld ( ,leipzig 9 #ahah1 ! ,vi5nese ,fhri* & ,/e9le 9 #ahbg & #ahbh4 ,9 all ( !m !re liv$ ! p]ception t 9 su* a s]i\s age m5 %\ld be ( high moral endeav\r1 & art ! expression ( ! religi\s capacity ( _! lives4 ,illu/ration3 ,wig&1 ,leipzig4 ,,s*norr4 ,,adam ,,& ,,eve ,,aft] ,,! ,,fall4 ,!re /ill /&s to-day1 on a seclud$ hillock ( ! ,monte ,p9cio a small *ur*1 ^: faade is adorn$ ) ! /atues ( ,/4 ,isidore1 ! patron ( husb&m51 & ( ,/4 ,patrick1 apo/le ( ,irel&4 ,a c\rt ) wea!r-beat5 cloi/]s & an old well sep>ates ! *ur* f ! mona/]y :i* lies beh9d x1 :]e ! cells ( ! monks1 ,iri% & ,italian ,franciscans1 are plac$4 ,above1 on ! t]race ( ! h\se1 "o has a *>m+ view ( ,rome & ! ,campagna1 ( ,monte ,cavo & ! heights ( ,tusculum4 ,bel[ /ret* ! g>d5s ( ! ,capuc9 ,conv5t1 & f>!r back ! gr\nds & av5ues ( ! ,villa ,ludovisi4 ,on ! fir/ floor is a l>ge hall1 ! walls ( :i* h be5 decorat$ by ! h& ( "s old monk ) frescoes1 & :i*1 =m]ly a refectory1 is us$ to-day z a !ological lecture-room4 ,?is 0 ! room :]e ,ov]beck & 8 fri5ds 9 ! fir/ p]iod aft] _! arrival /ood = "o ano!r z models4 ,le?ire1 ! director ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 _h obta9$ p]mission = !m to in/all !mselves 9 ! des]t$ rooms ( ! mona/]y ( ,san ,isidoro1 :i* _h be5 sp>$ by ,napoleon1 = :i* !y paid ! small sum ( ?ree scudi mon?ly4 ,illu/ration3 ,,joseph ,f,,hri*4 ,graphis*e ,kun/4 ,we l$ a truly mona/ic life1 relates ,ov]beck2 held ourselves alo( f all1 & liv$ only = art4 ,9 ! morn+ we m>ket$ toge!r2 at midday we took x 9 turns to cook our d9n]1 :i* 0 compos$ ( no?+ b a s\p & a pudd+1 or "s ta/y vegetable1 & 0 season$ only by e>ne/ conv]sation on art4 ,ov]beck1 z a good h\sekeep]1 kept acc\nts2 ! pr9cipal items ( ! daily outlay occurr$ = pol5ta & risotto1 oranges & lemons2 e n[ & !n oil1 too1 0 not$ d[n4 ,! aft]noons 7 d$icat$ to ! /udy ( ! creations ( art 9 ,rome4 ,) beat+ he>ts & holy awe !y pass$ ov] ! ?re%old ( ! ,/anze4 ,9 ! *apel ( ,san ,lor5zo !y became famili> ) ! s]aphic ,fiesole1 ^: frescoes transc5d ev]y?+ 9 purity ( conception4 ,!y %unn$ ! paganism ( ,/4 ,pet]'s1 & m>vell$ ) all ! m intimate devotion at ! old ,*ri/ian monum5ts4 ,! *ur*es ( ,san ,lor5zo & ,san ,clem5te1 ! cloi/]s ( ,/4 ,john ,lat]an & ,/4 ,paul's-)\t-!-,walls1 made an ineffaceable impression ^u ! "y m54 ,at ! twilight h\r !y w&]$ up on to ,monte ,cavo4 ,& ( ev5+s we drew /udies ( drap]y--glori\s folds6--f ,p=r's big ,v5etian mantle1 9 :i* we took turns to pose = "o ano!r4 ,_! :ole he>ts1 h[ev]1 fir/ swell$ :5 !y und]took a j\rney to ,tuscany4 ,9 ,orvieto1 ,luca ,signorelli await$ !m1 ^: frescoes especially impress$ ,cornelius mightily4 ,at ,si5na !y f\nd tea*]s :o 7 /ill m sympa!tic to !m1 ,duccio & ,simone ,m>t9o1 ^? ma/]s ( a t5d]1 intimate _s & a *>m+ sweetness ( expression4 ,9 ! ,campo ,santo at ,pisa !y turn$ _! att5tion to ,fiesole's pupil1 ,gozzoli4 ,^? became _! great tea*]s 9 art4 ,j z ard5t ,*ri/ians w&] to ! grave ( ! pr9ces ( ! apo/les 9 ord] to confirm _! fai? & quick5 _! zeal1 s %\ld zeal\s "y arti/s d]ive /r5g? & illum9ation f ! sil5t & yet s eloqu5t spee* ( ! sublime g5iuses ( art4 ,an arti/ ( real wor? w f9d 9 ! ma/]pieces ( pa9t+ at ,rome ev]y?+ necess>y = him 9 ord] to rea* ! "r pa?4 ,b1 to be sure1 a well-made plait ( hair does n c]ta9ly con/itute "o a ,raphael1 because ,raphael1 too1 arrang$ 8 hair ) feel+4 ,/udy alone leads to no?+4 ,if s9ce ,raphael's age1 z "o c almo/ decl>e1 !re has be5 no pa9t]1 t is ! fault ( no?+ else ?an ( ! fact t art has be5 vanqui%$ by workman%ip4 ,"o le>nt at ! academies to pa9t excell5t drap]y1 to draw a correct figure1 le>nt p]spective1 ar*itecture--9 %ort1 ev]y?+1 & yet no pa9t] 0 produc$4 ,!re is "o want 9 all rec5t pa9t+--he>t1 s\l1 s5tim5t4 ,let ! "y pa9t] !n wat*1 be=e ev]y?+1 ov] 8 s5tim5ts3 let him all[ nei!r an impure ^w on 8 lips nor an impure ?\ght 9 8 m9d4 ,b h[ c he gu>d himself f t8 ,by religion1 by /udy ( ! ,bible1 ! "o & only /udy :i* made ,raphael4 ,?is view n[ c]ta9ly contradicts ! accu/om$ pr9ciples t ev]y?+ mu/ be sy/ematically le>nt2 m]e le>n+ produces c]ta9ly an in/ruct$ b also a cold arti/4 ,on t gr\nd x is n good ei!r to /udy anatomy f dead bodies1 because "o dw>fs !reby c]ta9 f9e s5sibilities1 or to "w f female models1 = ! same reason4 ,let ! pa9t] be inspir$ by 8 subject z ^? ( old 71 & ! result w be ! same4 ,l ^? old pa9t]s1 let e arti/ rem9d himself t ! true/ use ( art is t :i* leads x heav5w>ds1 its "o function t ( hav+ a moral effect ^u m54 ,h[ pure & holy1 cries ,cornelius to ,xell]1 z late z #aheh1 0 ! end at :i* we aim$6 ,unkn[n1 )\t enc\ragem5t1 )\t aid1 except t ( our lov+ ,fa!r 9 heav54 ,illu/ration3 ,f,,hri*4 ,,f ,,! ,,leg5d ,,( ,,/4 ,,gw5dol94 ,x is obvi\s t betwe5 ! ascetics ( ! mona/]y & ! ,classici/s direct friction mu/ ensue4 ,to !m ! ev] repeat$ & pale reflexions ( ,greek sculpture said no?+1 :ile ! ,classici/s sc(f$ at ! religioni/s1 = :om ! s>ca/ic brawl]1 ,re9h>t1 inv5t$ ! nickname ( ,naz>5es1 :i* has s9ce become a wat*word4 ,! opposition 0 hi/orically immortalis$ :5 ,buns51 ! ,prussian envoy1 invit$ ! :ole colony to ! *ri/5+ ( 8 little daught]1 & ,niebuhr t\*$ glasses ) ,?orwalds5 to ! heal? ( old ,jupit]4 ,only ,cornelius jo9$ 92 ! o!rs />t$ & look$ ^u ! "y ,dsseldorf] z a h]etic4 ,?is positive ,*ri/ian /&po9t1 :i* all[$ art to be e/eem$ only z a religi\s s]vice1 pictures only z a means ( ecclesia/ical edification1 irritat$ also ! old man ( ,weim> at ! fir/ />t4 ,! ef=t ( ! ,naz>5es to make piety ! f\ndation ( true arti/ic activity 0 to him a cont9ual subject ( contempt4 ,religion no m be/[s tal5t = ! arts ?an x gives ta/e4 ,he spoke ) irony ( ! valiant arti/s & +5i\s fri5ds ( art :o _h resort to ! hon\rable1 nave1 yet some:at co>se ta/e ( ! f\rte5? & fifte5?-c5tury ma/]s4 ,he con/antly employ$ ( !m ! expression />-gaz+4 ,he _h already mock+ly rem>k$ ( ,wack5rod]'s ,h]z5s]giessung5 :at an unw>rantable conclusion x 01 t because a few monks 7 arti/s1 all arti/s %\ld !re=e be monks4 ,he call$ ! life ( ! ,naz>5es a sort ( masqu]ade :i* /ood 9 opposition to ! actual day1 & wrote 9 ! pages ( ,art & ,antiquity t manife/o1 ! ,new ,g]man ,religi\s-,patriotic ,art1 or ,hi/ory ( ! ,new ,pieti/ic ,false ,art s9ce ! ,eighties1 :i* s deeply w\nd$ ! "y en?usia/s4 ,! doctr9e 0 t ! arti/ ne$$ piety above ev]y?+ to equal ! "w ( ! be/4 ,:at an attractive doctr9e6 ,h[ eag]ly we %\ld accept x6 ,= 9 ord] to become religi\s "o ne$ le>n no?+4 ,! :ole movem5t rea*$ no?+ beyond a slavi% imitation ( ,giotto & 8 imm$iate foll[]s4 ,( c\rse1 x 0 inconsi/5t ( ,goe! to reproa* contempor>y art = imitat+ t ( ! ,middle ,ages1 & to praise ! latt] only :5 x imitat$ ! antique4 ,speak+ z a man ( ,m5gs' s*ool1 & m]ely propos+ ,hell5ic art z a canon in/ead ( e>ly ,italian1 he _h1 aft] all1 no "r to be angry if ,fr$]ick ,s*legel oppos$ classical models ) m$ival4 ,o!rwise1 h[ev]1 ev5 to-day little c be add$ to ,goe!'s animadv]sions4 ,illu/ration3 ,f,,hri*4 ,,ru? ,,& ,,boaz4 ,z ) ,c>/5s1 s ) ! ,naz>5es1 we are w>n$ by ! ideali/ic t5d5cy :i* inspir$ ! "y en?usia/s4 ,!re are b few pa9t]s ) :om life & art h be5 9 su* complete agreem5t z ) ! g5tle1 mild1 & mode/ ,ov]beck1 ! ,apo/le ,john1 z he got to be call$1 t "y man1 t s]5e s\l :o look$ ^u art simply z a h>p ( ,david = ! praise ( ! ,"l1 to :om ! hope t ?r\gh 8 works "o s\l _h be5 /r5g!n$ 9 fai? & piety 0 ( f> m value ?an any fame1 & :o end$ at la/ 9 a sort ( religi\s mania4 ,) ! ,naz>5es1 too1 z ) ! ,classici/s1 x 0 pure exaltation :i* drove !m to free !mselves f ! trammels ( ! s*ool1 9 ord] to get back f dead fabrications to creations ( art1 :i*1 proce$+ out ( ! liv+ _s1 once m _h a s\l4 ,ev5 ! mu*-despis$ conv]sion ( ! ,prote/ants among !m to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* arose out ( ! deep conviction t !y also1 z well z _! art1 mu/ be unit$ 9 religion4 ,illu/ration3 ,f,,hri*4 ,,! ,,dep>ture ,,( ,,! ,,prodigal ,,son4 ,9 a c]ta9 s5se !y ev5 %[ an advance 9 art4 ,!y f\nd betwe5 !mselves & ! great pa9t]s ( ! eighte5? c5tury a gulf t c\ld no long] be spann$4 ,aft] ,c>/5s _h ?r[n ov]bo>d e col\ri/ic acquisition1 x 0 inde$ some?+ t ! ,naz>5es no long] saw ! highe/ aim ( pa9t+ 9 black & :ite design1 b turn$1 ?\gh ) timidity & hesitation1 to ! /udy ( ! ,italian ,quattroc5to ) its joy\s delight 9 col\r1 & s became ! fir/ real pa9t]s aft] ! c>toon p]iod4 ,only t 0 z yet simply an advance = ! n9ete5? c5tury1 & n especially = ! hi/ory ( art4 ,?is 0 z little enri*$ ) new =ms & discov]ies by ! ,naz>5es z by ! ,classici/s4 ,! =m]1 too1 7 imitators1 & only *ang$ ma/]s :5 !y fl$ f ! antique to ! ,middle ,ages1 & copi$ ! old ,italians 9 lieu ( ! ,greeks4 ,! ,classici/s _h imitat$ ) a c]ta9 cold erudition2 ! ,naz>5es out ( ! dep?s ( _! emotion4 ,z ! =m] us$ ,greeks1 s did !y use ! f\rte5?-c5tury pa9t]s1 z patt]ns ( calligraphy f :i* !y made _! copies1 cut _! /5cils aft] ! ,italian =m1 &1 l ,m5gs1 7 able to reproduce 9 _! works only a v weak reflection ( ^? dep>t$ spirits4 ,z eclectics !y w\ld /& on ! same rung ) ! academics ( ,bologna1 except t ! ideal ( ! latt] s*ool 0 a comb9ation f ,leon>do1 ,raphael1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ,correggio1 & ,titian1 & t x possess$ an incomp>ably great] facility 9 te*nique4 ,illu/ration3 ,f,,hri*4 ,,jacob ,,& ,,ra*el4 ,! ,naz>5es ab&on$ on pr9ciple ! employm5t ( ! model1 f fe> le/ x might entice !m away f ! ideal repres5tation ( ! "* to be depict$4 ,!y s\ght 9 a dilettante mann] to supply ! control ov] ! mat]ial :i* alone makes ! arti/1 by en?usiasm = ! mat]ial4 ,only ,cornelius d>$ to draw f ! female =m4 ,ov]beck refus$ to d s1 f mode/y4 ,! ,virg9 ,m>y 0 to him ! highe/ ideal ( womanhood1 ! pal]1 ! m virtu\s1 ! m ak9 to ! ,lamb ( ,god2 & he w\ld h deem$ x a sacrilege to h depict$ h] z purely womanly4 ,!y !re=e only occasionally sat to "o ano!r = /udies ( drap]y1 &1 = ! re/1 9 ord] n to be naturali/ic1 pa9t$ _! pictures f imag9ation 9 ! seclusion ( _! cells4 ,z ! ,ca?olicism ( ,s*legel 0 an anmic sy/em1 s ! pa9t]s1 too1 depriv$ _! figures ( blood & be+ 9 ord] to leave !m only ! ab/ract beauty ( l9e4 ,!y are be+s :o are exalt$ above ev]y?+1 ev5 above correctness ( draw+1 & :o mu/ expire ( a lack ( blood 9 _! ve9s4 ,! comm&1 ,seek ye !re=e fir/ ! k+dom ( ,god1 & ,8 righte\sness1 & all ^! ?+s %all be add$ unto y1 0 c>ri$ out by ! ,naz>5es only too well4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/e9le4 ,,! ,,rais+ ,,( ,,jairus' ,,daught]4 ,!y h creat$ only two works :i* w survive1 & :i* possess an hi/orical significance z pre-em95t1 works ( ! :ole movem5t 9 common--! frescoes ( ! ,casa ,b>?oldi & ( ! ,villa ,mass9i4 ,:5 ! intellig5ce ( ! ,battle ( ,wat]loo _h p5etrat$ ev5 into ! sil5t cells ( ! monks1 !y believ$ t art too %\ld p>ticipate 9 ?is univ]sal elevation1 & become a factor aga9 9 ! developm5t ( ! ,g]man nation4 ,x mu/ n be us$1 wrote ,cornelius 9 8 fam\s lett] to ,grres1 z a m]e play?+1 or to tickle ! s5ses1 n m]ely = ! delectation & pomp ( high & ri* ,maec5ases1 b = ! ennoblem5t & glorification ( public life4 ,! means ( ?is arti/ic elevation1 & at ! same "t a new means ( popul> culture1 0 to be ! introduction ( fresco pa9t+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/e9le4 ,i ,,h ,,trodd5 ,,! ,,w9epress ,,alone3 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,p ,,!re ,,0 ,,none ,,) ,,me4 ,& ?us ! ,bro!rs ( ,san ,isidoro re-discov]$ :at _h1 z a matt] ( fact1 always be5 quietly practic$ by ! ru/ics pa9t]s1 b s9ce ,m5gs' "t _h no long] be5 employ$ by ! art pa9t]s1 & _h be5 =gott5 = half a c5tury4 ,! ,prussian consul at ,rome1 ,b>?oldy1 gave !m ! commission4 ,an old mason1 :o _h la/ arrang$ wall-pla/]+ "u ,m5gs1 0 recruit$ z te*nical advis]2 ,c>l ,egg]s1 ( ,neu/relitz1 zeal\sly made *emical rese>*es2 & x is said to h be5 ,veit :o1 at ,cornelius' reque/ 7,n[1 ,philip1 y make ! fir/ attempt671 0 ! fir/ to pa9t ! portrait ( a head 9 fresco1 :il/ 8 companions look$ on ) amazem5t & delight4 ,!n ! o!rs set to "w1 & pa9t$ away at x 9 ! "n ( ,god4 ,yes1 believe me1 my fri5d1 x is a desp]ate matt] to pa9t ov] a :ole room 9 a mann] :i* "o has nev] be=e practis$ oneself nor se5 practis$ by o!rs4 ,e day we tell ea* o!r t we are f9e bungl]s1 & give ea* o!r a regul> dress+ d[n4 ,y c h no conception h[ /range x feels at fir/ :5 "o is confront$ by damp pla/] & lime4 ,& nev]!less we con/ruct daily fre% ca/les 9 ! air = pa9t+ *ur*es1 mona/]ies1 & palaces 9 ,g]many4 ,! frescoes repres5t1 9 six mural pa9t+s & two lunettes1 ! hi/ory ( ,joseph 9 ,egypt1 f 8 sale to 8 recognition by 8 bre?r54 ,! two latt] are ! "w ( ,cornelius & ,ov]beck1 ! o!rs ( ,veit & ,s*ad[4 ,! "w 0 prolong$ ?r\gh _m ye>s1 int]rupt$ by manifold difficulties1 & :5 "o /&s to-day be=e ! transf]r$ pictures 9 ! ,b]l9 ,national ,gall]y "o _c refra9 f admir+ !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,edw>d ,,/e9le4 ,!re lives )9 !m an unpret5ti\sness & s9c]ity ( s5tim5t1 &1 9 spite ( all defici5cies & lack ( indep5d5ce1 some:at ( t l(ty inspiration :i* raises ! pictures ( really e>ne/ arti/s1 ev5 if !y are faulty1 f> above any fabricat$ productions4 ,an association ( "y m51 :i*1 unconc]n$ ab\t success & mat]ial pr(it1 cont5d$ only = ideal products1 f\nd "h = ! fir/ "t an opportunity to display :at x want$4 ,9 ! int]pretation ( ,ph>aoh's dream & 9 ! recognition by ! bre?r51 ,cornelius1 9 =mal language1 full ( "*1 & )\t any phrases & po/ure1 display$ all t he _h d]iv$ f ! great ,italians 9 nobility ( gr\p+ & f9e arrangem5t ( l9es4 ,ov]beck rea*es ! same height 9 8 allegory ( ! sev5 lean k9e4 ,b x is n only z y\?ful works ( arti/s1 :o1 if !y belong$ to a p]iod ( decad5ce1 yet 71 )al1 ! greate/ repres5tatives ( a p]iod ( ,g]man art1 t ^! pictures are wor?y ( high e/eem2 !y are ess5tially ! be/ t ^! ma/]s h creat$4 ,cornelius1 notably1 %[s a /udy1 a c>e = execution1 inde$ ev5 a h>mony ( col\r+1 t /&s 9 surpris+ opposition to 8 lat] neglig5ce4 ,f ! conception t ! arti/ic p]=mance is det]m9$ 9 ! inv5tion1 & ! design1 b t ! pictorial execution is an indiff]5t1 me*anical accessory :i* c\ld be suppli$ ev5 by o!r p1 he 0 at t "t /ill free4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/e9le4 ,,book ,,illu/ration4 ,:5 ! pictures _h be5 unveil$ 9 #ahai a fe/ival ( ,g]man arti/s 0 held 9 ,rome4 ,rck]t1 ,buns51 ! ,humboldts1 ! ,h]zes 7 !re2 ,cornelius1 ,veit1 & ,ov]beck _h arrang$ ! transp>5cies4 ,! c5tre ( all1 writes ! ,dani% romantic ,att]bom1 0 ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce ,ludwig ( ,bav>ia1 ! idol ( e ,g]man arti/1 ^: rul+ passion is = ! f9e arts & fair ladies4 ,ev]y?+ 0 9 old ,g]man masques1 ! ladies 9 wide ruffs4 ,! ,cr[n ,pr9ce 0 9 ! utmo/ good hum\r1 & treat$ ! arti/s z 8 equals4 ,a toa/ 0 drunk to ,g]man unity4 ,! sc5e /ruck me l a beautiful dream out ( ! ,middle ,ages4 ,g]man unity at a ,roman fancy ball6 ,! ,g]man nation a beautiful dream out ( ! ,middle ,ages6 ,! ,cr[n ,pr9ce ,ludwig1 :5 he took ,cornelius & ,s*norr out ( ! ,roman circle1 at lea/ creat$ a fa!rl& = ,g]man art1 & lat] on ! o!rs also f\nd at home a suitable sph]e ( activity4 ,philip ,veit1 :o w5t to ,frank=t 9 #ahcj z ,director ( ! ,/a$el ,in/itute1 0 ! fir/ to settle d[n1 & = all 8 en]gy c\ld only = a v %ort "t make t city into a seat ( ! ,*ri/ian t5d5cy 9 art4 ,( 8 pictures !re1 ! fresco pa9t$ = ! ,/a$el ,in/itute1 ,! ,introduction ( ,*ri/ianity into ,g]many by ,/4 ,boniface1 is by f> ! mo/ important4 ,! apo/le has hewn d[n ! oak ( ,?or1 & f :]e x once /ood !re fl[s =? ! new spr+ ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! old ,g]mans %r9k back timor\sly1 b ! y\?s li/5 to ! prea*]1 & foll[ 8 direction to ! figure ( religion :i* approa*es ) ! palm ( peace4 ,9 ! backgr\nd a *ur* rises1 & 9 ! di/ance1 by a limpid riv]1 a fl\ri%+ t[n1 9 contra/ to ! sombre1 primeval =e/ to :i* ! ,g]mans :o reject religion are fly+4 ,! two ,m>ys at ! ,sepul*re1 9 ! ,b]l9 ,national ,gall]y1 & ! ,assumption1 9 ! ,frank=t ,ca!dral1 date f a lat] p]iod4 ,x 0 ( no avail to him t he m+l$ ) 8 ,naz>5ism a c]ta9 air ( ! _w1 :i* f\nd expression 9 a less ascetic language ( =m & a some:at /rong] s5se ( col\r4 ,9 #ahda he _h already a feel+ t ! re/less1 /ruggl+ age _h pass$ him by4 ,he ab&on$ 8 po/ & w5t to meet oblivion z ,director ( ! ,gall]y at ,may5ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,muni*1 ,alb]t4 ,,/e9le4 ,,! ,,viol9 ,,play]4 ,ov]beck1 ! only "o :o c\ld n te> himself f ,rome1 rema9$1 till 8 dea? 9 #ahfi1 ! ,"y ,g]man ,raphael1 z 8 fa!r _h call$ him 9 a lett] f ,lbeck 9 #ahaa3 a dev\t1 religi\s poet1 pure ( s\l & ( f9e culture1 z "o-col\r$ & "o-sid$ z he 0 mild & t5d]4 ,at ! outset he knew1 at lea/1 h[ to extract f ! old ma/]s a c]ta9 nave piety )\t positive "*1 :]eas lat] he lo/ himself m & m 9 ! arid =malism ( dead dogmas4 ,:at 0 9 8 p[] to give he has giv5 9 pictures su* z ! ,entry ( ,*ri/ into ,j]usalem & ! ,weep+ ov] ! ,body ( ,*ri/--bo? 9 ! ,m>i5kir*e at ,lbeck1 9 ! ,miracle ( ,roses1 9 ,santa ,m>ia ,degli ,angeli at ,assisi1 9 ! ,*ri/ on ! ,m\nt ( ,olives 9 ! ,hospital at ,hamburg1 & ! ,betro?al ( ,m>y 9 ! ,b]l9 ,national ,gall]y--pictures :i* express$ no?+ t w\ld n h be5 express$ bett] at ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,8 ,holy ,family ) ,/4 ,john & ! ,lamb1 ( #ahbe1 9 ! ,muni* ,p9ako!k1 is 9 composition & type a complete imitation ( ! ,flor5t9e ,raphael2 8 ,lam5tation ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,lbeck ,m>i5kir*e is rem9isc5t ( ,p]ug9o2 8 ,burial w\ld nev] h exi/$ b = ,raphael's picture 9 ! ,borghese ,gall]y4 ,8 s5tim5t co9cid$ exactly 9 devotion & godl9ess ) t ( ,fra ,angelico or ( ! old ma/]s ( ,cologne1 & :5 he devot$ himself to programme-pa9t+ he lo/ all intelligibility4 ,9 ! ,triumph ( ,religion 9 ! ,arts1 :i* he complet$ 9 #ahdf = ! ,/a$el ,in/itute1 & 9 :i* he wi%$ to embody ! fav\rite ideas ( ,romanticism1 t art & religion mu/ fl[ toge!r 9 "o /ream1 he has copi$ ! upp] "p f ! ,disputa1 ! l[] "p f ! ,s*ool ( ,a!ns1 & work$ up bo? into a t$i\s & s*ola/ically elaborat$ :ole4 ,x is only ?r\gh a s]ies ( unpret5ti\s sket*es :i* he prep>$ = engrav+s1 li?ographs1 & woodcuts t 8 "n has /ill a c]ta9 lu/re4 ,plates su* z ! ,re/ 9 ! ,flight1 ! ,prea*+ ( ,/4 ,john1 or ! s]ies ,=ty ,illu/rations to ! ,gospel1 ! ,passion1 ! ,sev5 ,sacram5ts1 may be contemplat$ ev5 to-day1 s9ce 9 !m at lea/ no ta/elessness ( col\r /&s 9 ! way4 ,^! plates1 too1 l 8 pictures1 are less obs]v$ ?an felt--felt1 h[ev]1 ) an innoc5ce & *e]fulness ( he>t (t5 q *ildlike4 ,illu/ration3 ,,philip ,,veit4 ,x %[s above all mu* self-und]/&+ t all ^! ma/]s 9 _! lat] ye>s re/rict$ !mselves exclusively to design1 :i* bett] express$ _! "*4 ,9 compositions & sket*es ( ?is k9d1 :i* 7 only drawn1 & 7 ?us untrammell$ by ! fruitless /ruggle ) ! difficulties ( ! te*nique ( pa9t+ & a complete lack ( ! notion ( col\r1 !y mov$ m freely & lightly4 ,9 _! frescoes & oil-pa9t+s1 p>tly ?r\gh insuffici5t te*nique1 p>tly ?r\gh _! all too s]vile imitation ( =eign ideals1 !y w5t a/ray4 ,z draughtsm51 !y _h m c\rage to be !mselves1 & :ile 9 ! complet] pa9t+s _m a f9e trait1 _m an intimate reflection ( ! s\l 0 lo/1 or ?r\gh ! obduracy ( ! mat]ial did n atta9 a "r expression1 "h _! spiritual & emotional qualities c be bett] valu$4 ,joseph ,fhri*1 "o ( ! mo/ /aun*ly conv9c$ *ampions ( ^! reaction>y t5d5cies1 has become1 entirely ow+ to 8 ext5sive activity z a draughtsman1 some:at m famili> to our mod]n k ?an mo/ ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,he _h begun z a draughtsman4 ,z a /ud5t ( ! ,prague ,academy he 0 an en?usia/ = ,s*legel1 ,novalis1 & ,tieck2 & ev5 be=e 8 j\rney to ,rome he _h et*$ fifte5 plates = ,tieck's ,g5oveva4 ,x 0 ,dr] :o ex]cis$ ! decid+ influ5ce ^u 8 fur!r developm5t4 ,he _h be5 l$ to him ?r\gh ,wack5rod]1 & _h copi$ 8 ,m>i5leb5 9 #ahba4 ,"h ,i saw1 he says 9 8 ,autobiography1 a =m be=e me :i* /ood 9 tr5*ant opposition to t ( ! ,classici/s1 :o are anxi\s to palm (f z beauty _! smoo?ness & pomposity borr[$ f ! misund]/ood antique1 & _! affect$ delicacy z grace4 ,9 contra/ ) t abs5ce ( "* :i* prevail+ academic art mi/akes = beauty ,i saw "h a ke5 & mighty *>act]isation :i* dom9at$ ! figures ?r\gh & ?r\gh1 mak+ !m1 z x 71 into old acqua9tances4 ,! /rong & godly ,g]man middle age took !n 9 ,fhri*'s he>t ! same place :i* ! ,italian ,quattroc5to _h fill$ 9 ,ov]beck's range ( ?\ght4 ,& ?is old-,g]man t5d5cy 0 only tempor>ily int]rupt$ by 8 soj\rn 9 ,rome4 ,aft] he came to ,rome 9 #ahbf he became a ,naz>5e1 & 0 accu/om$ !re to look back at ! t5d5cies ( 8 y\? z an error2 & bo? at ,prague1 :]e he return$ 9 #ahbi1 aft] collaborat+ at ! frescoes 9 ! ,villa ,mass9i1 & at ,vi5na1 :]e f #ahda he held ! po/ ( pr(essor 9 ! ,academy1 he f\nd ri* opportunity = putt+ into practice 8 ecclesia/ical & or?odox views ( art4 ,illu/ration3 ,,veit4 ,,! ,,arts ,,introduc$ ,,into ,,g]many ,,by ,,*ri/ianity4 ,8 frescoes 9 ! ,johannis-und-,altles*5feld] ,*ur* 9 ,vi5na are1 p]haps1 m h>moni\s 9 col\r1 b no m indep5d5t 9 =m1 ?an ! works ( ! o!rs4 ,9 8 old age he return$ once m to ! impressions ( 8 y\?1 & s f\nd himself aga94 ,z a boy1 9 8 little native village ( ,kratzau1 9 ,bohemia1 he _h t5d$ ! c[s 9 summ] "t & _h acquir$ a c]ta9 s9c]e k ( nature & %eph]d-life4 ,he _h to ?ank ,dr] = 8 pref]5ce = ! idyllic & patri>*al family sc5es 9 ,sacr$ ,hi/ory1 & ^! t5d5cies f\nd pleas+ expression 9 pictures l ,jacob & ,ra*el1 or ,! ,passage ( ,m>y across ! ,m\nta9s4 ,no matt] t ! figures 9 ,jacob & ,ra*el are tak5 out ( ! e>ly pictures ( ,p9turic*io & ,raphael1 !y are /ill int]wov51 ) _! backgr\nd ( l&scape1 into an idyll ( great navet & *>m4 ,m especially1 h[ev]1 did ! qualities :i* he ow$ to ,dr] acquire value--a /urdy *>act]isation1 a nave art 9 tell+ ! /ory1 & a great weal? ( fre% traits1 /raight f nature--9 ! s]ial compositions ( 8 old age4 ,!re is no s5tim5tal vagu5ess1 no?+ academical4 ,fhri* _h a ke5 eye = :at 0 intimate1 famili>2 a t5d] s5se ( ! individualities ( l&scape 9 woodl& & mead[1 ( ! *>m ( ev]yday life z well z ( ! animal _w2 & ?\gh an ideali/1 he knew h[ to assimilate +5i\sly :at he _h obs]v$ ) a c]ta9 reali/ic fulness4 ,! old /ory ( ,boaz & ,ru? grew b5ea? 8 h&s into a delici\s idyll ( c\ntry life4 ,f ! /ory ( ! ,prodigal ,son he has extract$ ) s5sitiv5ess ! purely human k]nel1 & z late z ! w9t] ( #ahgj-ga1 at ! age ( sev5ty-"o1 he illu/rat$ ! leg5d ( ,/4 ,gw5dol51 9 :i* he depict$ ) t5d] rev]5ce ! escape ( a human s\l1 )drawn f ! _w & resign$ to ,god's w1 into ,nature & h] peace4 ,edw>d ,/e9le1 :o w5t f ,rome to ,vi5na 9 #ahcc1 & settl$ 9 ,frank=t 9 #ahch1 is call$1 n v appropriately1 by 8 biograph]1 ,con/ant9e ,wuzba*1 a ,madonna pa9t] ( our "t4 ,8 "n des]ves to come d[n to po/]ity r = :at he creat$ outside ! ess5tial *>act]i/ics ( 8 art4 ,9 8 frescoes 9 ! m9/] at ,aa*51 9 ! *oir ( ! ca!drals ( ,/rasburg & ,cologne1 he /ood firm on ! /&po9t ( ! ,naz>5es2 :i* is z mu* z to say !y conta9$ no?+ novel 9 ! hi/ory ( art4 ,9 8 fairy pictures1 h[ev]1 imag9ation broke ?r\gh ! n>r[ conf9es ( dogma1 & entw9$ itself 9 creative enjoym5t r\nd ! vague figures ( fable4 ,8 ,loreley1 9 ! ,s*ack ,gall]y1 z %e looks d[n1 a ,m$usa-l de/roy]1 f ! tall cliff2 8 wat*man :o looks dreamily into space ov] ! h\ses ( ! old t[n2 8 viol9 play] on 8 t[] :o plays1 =getful ( ! _w1--^! h some?+ musical1 poetical1 t fre%ness ( s5tim5t & uns\ght navet :i* z an inh]itance ( 8 ,vi5nese home 0 also peculi> 9 su* a high degree to ,s*w9d4 ,! ,romantic aspiration is reveal$ 9 ,/e9le1 ev51 9 a c]ta9 ye>n+ aft] col\r4 ,!re lives 9 8 works a ref9$ feel+ = col\r t1 especially 9 8 wat]-col\rs1 r>ely =sakes him4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! fre%1 t9t$ p5-draw+s1 engrav$ by ,s*aff]1 9 :i* he display$ ) ! navet ( ,meml9c ! life ( ,/4 ,euphrosyne2 ! five aqu>elles ( ,grimm's ,sn[-,:ite & ,rose-,r$2 or 8 illu/rations to ,br5tano's poems1 su* z ! ,*ronicle ( ! ,w&]+ ,/ud5t1 & ! ,fairy ,tale ( ! ,rh9e & ,radlauf ! ,mill]1 9 :i* he develop$ a delight 9 ! _w & an idea ( l&scape t 9 ! ascetic ,naz>5e excite a/oni%m5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,veit4 ,,! ,,two ,,m>ys ,,at ,,! ,,sepul*re4 ,julius ,s*norr von ,c>olsfeld w5t1 aft] ! completion ( ! ,ario/o ,room ( ! ,villa ,mass9i1 fir/ to ,vi5na1 !n 9 #ahbg to ,muni*1 9 ord] to pa9t ! ,nibelung5 9 ! halls ( ! royal resid5ce ( t "t1 & 9 ! imp]ial halls ( ! /ate palace ! hi/ory ( ,*>lemagne1 ,fr$]ick ,b>b>ossa1 & ,rudolf ( ,hapsburg4 ,he also1 h[ev]1 creat$ 8 be/ "w at ! close ( 8 life 9 ,dresd51--! =cible woodcuts ( 8 ,picture ,bible1 :i* n>rat$ ! _w's sacr$ hi/ory 9 /rong & vigor\s /rokes4 ,/range/ to ! pres5t-day ta/e h become ! draw+s ( ,cornelius4 ,8 plates to ,goe!'s ,fau/ h1 inde$1 a c]ta9 au/]e /r5g? ( conception1 :i* he le>nt f ,dr]2 b also faults ( draw+1 exagg]ations1 crudities1 & errors 9 p]spective1 :i* he did n f9d 9 ,dr]4 ,9 8 second "w1 ! ,nibelung5 cycle1 an int5tional old-,g]man angul>ity1 ) an un9t5tional mod]n clums9ess1 has effect$ a msalliance ev5 less attractive4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ov]beck4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself ,,& ,,cornelius4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,muni* ,,"u ,,k+ ,,ludwig ,i ,m ?an sev5te5 hundr$ ye>s ago !re reign$ a ,roman emp]or :o lov$ art passionately4 ,he look$ ^u x f an intellectual altitude :i* few h rea*$1 & he valu$ x z ! monum5tal consummation ( ,grco-,roman culture4 ,/&+ ^u a plane ( intellectual elevation1 himself gift$ ) arti/ic intuition1 he knew ( no high] enjoym5t = a rul] ?an ! cultivation ( ! ar*itectural & o!r =ms ( art4 ,x 0 he :o op5$ up to ! en]gy ( arti/s a field su* z has nev] be5 (f]$ to !m be=e or s9ce4 ,he sp5t ^u 8 works sums incalculable1 s t 8 p grew re/less "u _! emp]or's mania = build+4 ,8 villa at ,tivoli1 :i* atta9$ to ! ext5t ( a t[n1 0 9 itself a copy ( ev]y?+ t he mo/ lov$ & admir$ 9 ! _w4 ,x unit$ ne>ly all ! r5[n$ build+s ( ,a!ns 9 "o ma/]ly reproduction4 ,& !n ) ar*itecture came ! o!r arts4 ,! mo/ magnific5t collections ( sculpture 7 =m$1 = none _h bett] opportunities ( acquir+ ! antique ma/]pieces ( ! ,greek t[ns4 ,numb]less frescoes1 sc5es f ^? cities & regions :i* _h mo/ impress$ him on 8 travels1 adorn$ ! walls4 ,& yet subsequ5t g5]ations h view$ ) unconc]n ?is halcyon p]iod 9 ! hi/ory ( art4 ,?\gh 8 contempor>ies fanci$ t ! spl5d\r ( ! ,greek sun 0 /ill radiat+ ov] !m1 x 0 b a borr[$ lu/re1 :i* nev] w5t beyond ! reproduction or copy+ ( classic examples4 ,:atev] ,greek temples ! emp]or might build & decorate1 he fail$ to summon into be+ a ,phidias or a ,polygnotes to revive = him ! =ms ( ! antique4 ,! names ( ! arti/s :o work$ = him are =gott54 ,!y _h no orig9ality2 !y copi$ ! types ( ! ,grecian & ,egyptian p]iods1 & _! art 0 b a repetition ( old ideals1 )\t "* ( age or place4 ,! fifte5 colossal columns ( 8 ,olympieion t are /ill /&+ impress "o z =eign to ,a!ns1 & w\ld seem m 9 place at ,baalbeck or ,palmyra ?an 9 ?is city ( ! ,muses4 ,epictetus w\ld h smil$ at ! emp]or div]t+ himself ) an album ( ! wond]s ( ! _w1 z a piece ( s5tim5tality4 ,! age ( ,hadrian produc$ ?\s&s ( build+s1 /atues1 & pictures1 b no orig9al works4 ,w a diff]5t judgm5t be pron\nc$ 9 ! lapse ( "t ^u ! arti/ic creations ( ,k+ ,ludwig ,i8 ,ludwig also--8 biography reads l t ( ,hadrian--0 an en?usia/ic admir] ( art4 ,aft] ! ,peace ( ,vi5na1 :5 ! political aspirations ( ,g]many _h be5 fru/rat$1 he alone among ! num]\s ,g]man pr9ces ( ! old alliance fo/]$ homeless art1 & ?us fulfill$ a noble mission4 ,! k+'s spl5did en?usiasm = ! ideal significance ( art1 :i* he hop$ w\ld lead ! ,g]man p1 !n seek+ to "w out its individuality1 f out ( its ,phili/9e n>r[-m9d$ness to nobl] & great] ?+s--?is en?usiasm w r$\nd to 8 endur+ hon\r4 ,s*ill]'s idea ( educat+ humanity by /hetic means _h 9 him gr[n into a liv+ & p[]ful s5tim5t4 ,all t x 0 possible to accompli% 9 ! cause ( art1 on ! basis ( exi/+ developm5t1 8 endeav\rs h fully realis$4 ,9 ! c\rse ( tw5ty-?ree ye>s he sp5t m ?an #c1jjj1jjj f 8 privy purse1 & made ,muni* :at x is1 ! pr9cipal art c5tre ( ,g]many2 *ang$ x f a ,boeotia into an ,a!ns2 f\nd$ its art collections1 & erect$ ! build+s :i* give ! t[n its "*4 ,!n he (f]$ ^? new walls to ! pa9t] ,cornelius1 & comm&$ him to cov] !m4 ,y are my field-m>%al1 d y provide g5]als ( division4 ,9 #ahad ,cornelius _h writt5 to ,b>?oldy3 ,! mo/ p[]ful & unfail+ means to re/ore ,g]man art & br+ x into h>mony ) ?is great p]iod & ! _s ( ! nation w\ld be a revival ( fresco-pa9t+ z x exi/$ 9 ,italy f ! days ( ! great ,giotto to ^? ( ! div9e ,raphael4 ,& ?r\gh ?is royal comm& ! dream 0 realis$ beyond all expectation4 ,no su* lively arti/ic animation _h be5 witness$ s9ce ! great p]iods ( ,italian art2 an animation :i* does n cut ! wor/ figure 9 ,g]man hi/ory 9 ^? sad times ( political /agnation & reaction4 ,b t !re 0 a liv+ s\l ( art 9 ^? days po/]ity w no m ackn[l$ge ?an x does 9 ! case ( ! age ( ,hadrian4 ,wie bei ,b>?oldy als ,k9d1 s 9 ,massimis ,villa als ,jngl+ ,teut%es ,fresco wir sehn1 ab] 9 ,mn*5 als ,mann1 sang ,k+ ,ludwig4 ,n[1 aft] two g5]ations1 x c be se5 t fresco-pa9t+ at ,muni* f #ahbj to #ahdj produc$ less orig9al conceptions ( ! ,g]man art ( ! n9ete5? ?an weak reflections ( ! ,italian art ( ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,v>i\s fav\rable circum/ances comb9$ at t "t to cause ,cornelius to be specially look$ ^u by 8 contempor>ies z an incomp>able ma/]4 ,s9ce ,tiepoli1 ,g]man monum5tal art _h rema9$ dormant4 ,! frescoes at ,muni* 7 ! fir/ attempts made to revive x4 ,& x seem$ z ?\gh ) ,cornelius1 ,g]man art _h at once ris5 to ! dizzy heights to :i* ,italian art _h be5 l$ by ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,! look]s-on believ$ 9 ,buon>otti's resurrection4 ,z 9 ! ,si/9e ,la/ ,judgm5t1 ! movem5t ( 8 h]oic figures appe>$ pla/ic & pa!tic1 & 8 types1 n except+ ! wom51 gave t impression ( ! t]rible1 :i* none b ,signorelli & ,mi*ael ,angelo _h atta9$ be=e him4 ,8 adv5t1 x 0 said1 might almo/ make "o believe 9 a k9d ( metempsy*osis2 z ?\gh ! _s ( ! great ,flor5t9e ma/]1 t giant ( ! ,r5aissance1 _h be5 re/or$ to humanity4 ,at t v p]iod ! ,italian art ( ! ,c9quec5to enjoy$ ! exclusive fav\r ( ! ,g]man s*ol>s4 ,x alone 0 wor?y ( imitation2 9 x ! /hetic philosoph]s s\ght = rules & laws to gov]n ! developm5t ( art4 ,& z !y ?\ght t all ! qualities ( ?is arti/ic me?od 7 to be f\nd 9 ! works ( ,cornelius1 x 0 only logical to arrive at ! conclusion :i* ! ,cr[n ,pr9ce ,ludwig summ$ up 9 ! foll[+ words3 ,!re has be5 no pa9t] l ,cornelius s9ce ! ,c9quec5to4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pet] ,,cornelius4 ,at ! same "t ! intellectual "* ( 8 "w h>monis$ ) ! wi%es ( a p]iod 9 :i* ! lead]s ( ,g]man ?\ght tri$ to =get ! dre>y dulness ( life by plung+ into ! mo/ pr(\nd speculations4 ,:at does x matt]1 writes ,hallman1 if we lack all joy\s1 indep5d5t national feel+8 ,:at ?\gh we d n ev5 try to resuscitate ?is feel+ ) w>s & battles8 ,we /rive aft] some?+ high]6 ,! _w is beg9n+ to respect ,g]man intellect & le>n+4 ,we believe t 9 ?is we are 9 advance ( o!r nations1 & we seek a mode ( expression1 we want to give a =m to t l(ty ?\ght ?r\gh our art1 9 ord] t we may bequea? to po/]ity an image ( our =tunate condition4444 ,!re=e x is a rem>kable sign ( ! times t pa9t+ /rives to make ! weighty output ( intellectual ?\ght a common treasure ( all :o are nei!r able nor dispos$ to foll[ speculation to its dizzy heights1 nor erudition to its l[e/ dep?s2 t pa9t]s try to trans=m ! results ( ^? inve/igations into fre% & ev] lively conceptions--! elem5t ( art4 ,to accompli% ?is none 0 bett] fitt$ ?an ,cornelius4 ,:at a weight ( ?\ght & le>n+ 8 works display6 ,9 ! ,p9ako!k1 ,cornelius' ma9 idea 0 to pa9t ! life & "w ( ,nature z illum9at$ by ! figures ( ! ,greek gods4 ,= ! s]ies ( pa9t+s 9 ! ,hall ( ! ,gods1 ,hesiod's ,!ogony (f]$ a basis ^u :i* to demon/rate ! idea ( ! triumph ( ! creative m9d 9 heav5 & ^u e>?4 ,9 ! second room1 human passion1 p[]1 & tyranny 7 illu/rat$ 9 sc5es ( ,greek h]oic life f ! ,iliad4 ,! frescoes 9 ! ,ludwigskir*e 7 to foll[ ! ,*ri/ian apocalypse z a concat5ation1 & to depict x 9 symbolic treatm5t f ! ,creation to ! ,la/ ,judgm5t4 ,! frescoes = ! ,campo ,santo at ,b]l9 7 meant to repres5t ! univ]sal & mo/ exalt$ =tunes ( humanity1 ! manife/ation ( div9e grace t[>ds ! s9s ( mank9d1 ! r$emption f s91 p]dition1 & dea?1 ! triumph ( life & et]nity4 ,ea* ( ^! pa9t+s is a treatise4 ,ea* fresco be>s a def9ite relation to ! o!r2 deep philosophic speculations weave _! ?reads f "o to ! o!r4 ,or else ! pa9t] revels 9 a suite ( compositions :i* trace a network ( intellectual comb9ations f "o picture to ! o!r4 ,z he himself express$ x1 he deliv]$ 8 diploma lecture ?r\gh 8 pa9t+s4 ,& ?is pa9t$ erudition h>monis$ ) ! requirem5ts ( ^? times ( dom9at+ intellectual t5d5cies4 ,! s*ol>s saw 9 ,cornelius ! poet1 ! doctor-9-philosophy2 held t ! pr9cipal value ( ! "w ( art lay 9 its intellectual cont5ts1 & felt t _! l(tie/ mission 0 to express ^! cont5ts /ill m correctly ?an ! pa9t] himself4 ,! idea1 !y said1 0 ! alpha & omega ( ! pa9t]'s art1 & mu/ be accept$ at its full value1 ev5 :5 repres5t$ 9 ! mo/ %ad[y ext]nal =m4 ,^! op9ions h n[ vani%$ entirely4 ,a m ext5d$ int]c\rse ) ! old ma/]s & ) ! art ( o!r c\ntries has gradually cur$ ! ,g]mans too ( t m5tal hyp]trophy f :i* !y suff]$ 9 _! view ( art--a compla9t ^: *>act]i/ic symptom 0 ! entire lack ( s5su\sness1 ( t s5sibility to beauty ( =m & ext]nal *>m :i* always has be5 & always mu/ be ! pr$om9at+ mood ( a society 9 :i* art is to fl\ri%4 ,!y h gradually rea*$ ! po9t at :i* "o int]e/s "o's self 9 a picture = ! sake ( ! pa9t+ ( x1 looks fir/ at ! picture1 & only !n asks :at ! pa9t]'s idea may h be51 or :at ! spectator is to ga!r f x4 ,no poem w f9d fav\r :i* (f]s acceptable ?\ghts 9 badly word$1 halt+1 unmelodi\s v]se2 nor d ! l(tie/ ?\ghts 9 !mselves suffice to make a "w ( art4 ,pr(undity ( ?\ght is a ?+ t has little to d ) pure art2 & ! subject alone1 h[ev] _w-/irr+ ! ideas 9 x may be1 nev] makes a ?+ arti/ic4 ,we h le>nt to f9d ! mo/ int5se enjoym5t 9 ! m]e contemplation ( ,titian's ,e>?ly & ,heav5ly ,love1 al?\gh we may n yet "k :at ?is picture is really meant to convey4 ,& we "k none ! less t :at r5d]s ,raphael's ,s*ool ( ,a!ns immortal is n its catalogue ( ideas1 :i* has be5 drawn up by an anonym\s p$ant1 b ! ma/]'s arti/ic p[]1 ! int5sity ) :i* he expresses :at 0 b>ely %[+ bud 9 ! mat]ial1 ! self-reliant /r5g? & sur5ess ) :i* ! =m & col\r h succe$$ 9 outl9+ & creat+ e figure & e movem5t 9 ! picture4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pet] ,,cornelius4 ',,let ,,!re ,,be ,,light'4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cornelius4 ,,f ,,! ,,frescoes ,,9 ,,! ,,fri$h(%alle1 ,,b]l94 ,no less has ! comp>ative /udy ( art gradually ref9$ p's s5sibility to orig9ality4 ,we are no long] compell$ to place an arti/ on ! same level ) a ma/] ( anci5t art because ( ! out] resemblance ( _! "w4 ,we h progress$ s f> z to respect 9 art none b orig9al g5ius1 & to look ^u imitation z a te/imonium paup]tatis ?\gh ,praxiteles or ,mi*ael ,angelo be ! model4 ,9 ?is we f9d ! explanation ( ! l[ e/eem 9 :i* "s ( ! old ma/]s are n[ held4 ,! contempor>ies ( ,mabuse & ,m>t5 ,heemsk]k ?\ght t 9 ^! pa9t]s !y _h f\nd aga9 ! great primeval1 ,titanic nature ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 8 va/ motives & maje/ic =ms4 ,to-day we say ( !m1 & ) ju/ice1 t !y produc$ no?+ bett] ?an c>icatures ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 t !y express$ !mselves 9 %all[ phrases1 t _! religi\s pictures are cold & inflat$1 & t _! my?ological pres5tations ) nak$ figures impress u z bomba/ic & repell5t4 ,h\brak51 9 8 biography ( ,gr>d de ,lairesse1 wrote3 ,a :ole book c\ld be fill$ ) ! description ( 8 innum]able pictures & panels1 ceil+s & frescoes4 ,to-day we dismiss ?is unattractive mann]i/ 9 a few l9es4 ,:at 8 contempor>ies describ$ z 8 ,mi*aelangelesque & maje/ic fi]c5ess appe>s to u1 look+ back1 z a m]e pale imitation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cornelius4 ,,m>gu]ite ,,9 ,,prison4 ,measure ,cornelius by ! same rule1 & ! result is no less melan*oly4 ,m]ciless hi/ory paus$ = a mom5t to consid] :e!r x ev] saw 8 equal1 & !n pass$ on to ! ord] ( ! day1 z x did ) 8 pr$ecessors4 ,to u he is no long] ! orig9al g5ius t he 0 to 8 contempor>ies1 b an imitator4 ,! retrospective hi/ory ( art m>ks a new epo* ) him1 ,he9ri* ,hess1 & ,s*norr3 ! advance f ! pa?s ( ! e>ly ,italians1 trodd5 by ! ,naz>5es1 to ?is l9k ) ! gold5 age ( ! ,c9quec5to4 ,! works ( ,cornelius are mighty %ad[s ca/ into our days by ! gigantic figures ( ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,b only %ad[s6 ,!re is no blood 9 !m4 ,a direct l9e leads f ,mi*ael ,angelo to ,millet2 b ,i d\bt :e!r ! ma/] w\ld delight 9 ,cornelius1 :o has only us$ him z a gradus ad ,p>nassum4 ,! works ( ,cornelius are ! products ( a civilis$ yet arti/ically poor p]iod4 ,! idealism ( ,mi*ael ,angelo _h rais$ itself ^u ! naturali/ic %\ld]s ( ,donatello & ,ghirl&aio2 ?is new ,cornelian idealism sprang into be+ full-gr[n f rem9isc5ces1 & 0 !re=e f ! outset )\t backbone4 ,x is ! fruit ( a decad5ce1 n ! mature product ( a full-bl[n art1 :i* has tak5 c5turies to gr[ & rip54 ,9 ,mi*ael ,angelo ! aspirations ( ,italian art1 f ,giotto onw>d1 atta9$ _! z5i?4 ,cornelius1 /&+ solit>y 9 an in>ti/ic p]iod t _h lo/ e tradition & all te*nical me?od1 believ$ 9 ! possibility ( ris+ to ! same level by mak+ ! =ms borr[$ f ,mi*ael ,angelo convey scraps ( mod]n k4 ,9 do+ ?is he c\ld n b confirm ! exp]i5ce1 ?us describ$ by ,goe! 9 8 ,!ory ( ,col\r3 ,ev5 ! mo/ p]fect models are delusive1 by caus+ u to pass ov] necess>y decrees ( culture1 & ?us g5]ally c>ry+ u beyond ! goal into a doma9 ( b\ndless error4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cornelius4 ,,! ,,apocalyptic ,,ho/4 ,at ! same "t t ,he9ri* ,hess 0 c>ry+ on 8 calligraphic ex]cises aft] ,raphael & ,&rea del ,s>to 9 ! ,basilika at ,muni*1 ,cornelius 0 mak+ 8 s*oolboy sket*es aft] ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,:at is great 9 8 ma/] is empty pose 9 him2 :at is furia 9 ! =m] is a lab\r$ imitation 9 ! latt]4 ,:ile ! t]rific ,flor5t9e ,ma/] f\nd )9 himself ! expression ( 8 sup]human figures1 8 le>n$ foll[] copies attitudes1 ge/ures1 gr\ps--famili> to anyone :o has be5 to ,italy & pass$ a few h\rs 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel4 ,"o seems to he> ! old ,flor5t9e's great voice ton$ d[n ?r\gh ! telephone1 & irritat+ u ) false pa?os at mom5ts :5 pa?os is q sup]flu\s4 ,all ! faces are di/ort$ ) grimaces1 heads ( hair are puff$ up z ?\gh ) s]p5ts1 g>m5ts fly ab\t2 p %\t in/ead ( speak+1 op5 _! m\?s wide z ?\gh !y 7 giv+ ! ^w ( comm& to an army1 /ret* out _! arms z ?\gh !y w\ld embrace ! _w4 ,a "m be>+ a *ild 9 h] arms squeezes x to dea?4 ,a cook roa/+ a leg ( mutton ba/es x ) a ,h]culean ge/ure1 & a butl] empty+ a lea!r bottle has ! air ( a riv]-god m$itat+ a flood4 ,9 ord] t 8 human be+s may look vigor\s & h]oic1 he makes !m walk 9 sev5-league boots1 dislocate _! limbs1 exp& ! gigantic measurem5t ( ! body f> beyond ! human4 ,e head %[s a diff]5t col\r+3 "o r$ z seal+-wax1 ano!r rose-p9k1 a ?ird caput mortuum4 ,add$ to ?is1 ! academic drap]y arrangem5ts1 ^? florid g>m5ts ) _! roll+1 wri?+ folds1 = :i* !re is no real ju/ification1 & :i* h no use b t ( ornam5t4 ,ah1 says ,goe!1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 h[ true x is t no?+ is rem>kable b :at is natural3 no?+ gr& b :at is natural3 no?+ beautiful1 no?+1 etc41 etc41 b :at is natural4 ,mi*ael ,angelo is n at all easy to und]/&2 & ,cornelius' /udy ( him result$ 9 ! v same mann]ism into :i* ! ,dut*m5 _h fall5 ?ree hundr$ ye>s e>li]1--! only diff]5ce be+ t he surpass$ !m 9 erudition4 ,b al?\gh ?is quality w\ld no d\bt h greatly help$ him _h he writt5 books1 we _c take x into acc\nt 9 discuss+ 8 arti/ic m]its1 any m ?an we c judge ,gr>d de ,lairesse by 8 lit]>y a*ievem5ts4 ,nay1 m1 z he _h elect$ to conf9e himself to pa9t+1 8 erudition became a curse to him1 br++ him to disreg>d beauty ( =m 9 a mann] z yet unkn[n 9 ! hi/ory ( art4 ,n only 0 he fill$ ) ard\r = ! l(ti] ?\ghts1 )\t all[+ any o!r =ms = _! pres5tation b ^? :i* 7 m]e rem9isc5ces ( =m] art p]iods--he did n ev5 give himself leisure ?or\ghly to assimilate ! =ms borr[$ f ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & to animate !m ) fre% life4 ,h5ce ! fact t1 z an arti/1 he rema9s greatly bel[ ! level ( ! ,dut* copyi/s1 9 ^: "w !re is at lea/ no faulty draw+ & ta/eless col\r+ to be f\nd4 ,he ask$ = walls1 n z panels to pa9t on1 b z tablets on :i* to inscribe 8 ?\ghts2 felt exclusively z a poet1 a man ( le>n+1 brood+ ideas4 ,engross$ 9 develop+ ^! ideas1 he valu$ =m & col\r no m ?an an au?or w\ld ! embelli%+ ( 8 manuscript ) fl[+ lett]s & an arti/ic arrangem5t ( inks4 ,x is only by ?is means t we c expla9 ! unju/ifiable c>elessness ) :i* he surr5d]$ 8 c>toons to 8 pupils1 & all[$ !m a free h& 9 ! c>ry+ !m out1 or acc\nt = ! evanesc5t col\r+ 9 ! ,glypto!k & 9 ! ,ludwigskir*e1--a col\r+ :i* 0 ev5 at t "t f> bel[ ! g5]al level1 & :i* c\ld only be excus$ 9 ! case ( a self-tra9$ & q untutor$ s*ool4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,cornelius4 ,,! ,,fall ,,( ,,troy4 ,a man ( ?is k9d1 :o _h no?+ to tea* t 0 wor? ! le>n+1 & :o excell$ only 9 intellectual qualities :i* c\ld n be imp>t$ to o!rs1 mu/ ne$s prove ! mo/ dang]\s academy-pr9cipal ,g]many has _h s9ce %e fir/ boa/$ an academy4 ,s mu* ! m z 8 pupils readily submitt$ to ! p]sonal fasc9ation ( ?is e>ne/ little man ) 8 black clo!s1 8 pomp\s appe>ance1 8 fla%+ eagle eye1 :i* made "o believe t1 ,dante-l1 he _h look$ ^u heav5 & hell4 ,z !re are m5 born to comm& an army1 s ,cornelius 0 born to be ! head ( a s*ool ( pa9t+1 said ,k+ ,ludwig4 ,we c sc>cely help smil+ at ,s*w9d's acc\nt ( ! trembl+ awe ) :i*1 ^u 8 arrival f ,vi5na1 he pres5t$ himself to ! ma/]4 ,! r$-hair$ /ripl+1 9 8 outgr[n clo!s1 timidly /roll+ r\nd ! rooms ( ! ,glypto!k sudd5ly sees ,cornelius himself1 high on a scaffold+1 9 all 8 glory1 9 an effulg5ce su* z surr\nds ! head ( ,phoebus ,apollo4 ,accu/om$ to see+ "y arti/s /oop be=e him1 n[ /amm]+1 n[ pal+1 n[ blu%+1 ! demi-god desc5ds to ! level ( ! unkn[n mortal4 ,he is q a little man1 9 a blue %irt1 ) a r$ belt4 ,he looks v /]n & di/+ui%$1 & 8 black1 gleam+ eyes impress y4 ,he desc5d$ f 8 ?rone1 *ang$ 8 blue smock = an elegant frockcoat1 drank a glass ( wat] ) an easy mann]1 & made my fle% ?rill ) a %ort explanation ( :at _h be5 pa9t$ & :at 0 /ill to be done1 tuck$ a few writ+ books "u 8 arm1 & w5t ^u 8 bus9ess to ! academy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wilhelm ,,kaulba*4 ,! re=mation ( ! academy1 in/igat$ by him at ,muni*1 demon/rat$ ! "o-sid$ness ( 8 po9t ( view4 ,he turn$ x into a s*ool = fresco-pa9t+4 ,a pr(essor%ip 9 g5re & l&scape pa9t+ appe>s to me sup]flu\s1 he wrote to ! k+ 9 #ahbe2 true art kn[s no subdivision4 ,b z he himself _h only p>tially ma/]$ fresco pa9t+1 he did n ev5 succe$ 9 e/abli%+ a s*ool ( fresco pa9t]s4 ,x 0 only "o ( design]s ( c>toons4 ,read ! great poets3 ,hom]1 ,%akespe>e1 ,goe!2 d n =get to include ! ,bible4 ,! bru% has become ! ru9 ( our art4 ,x has l$ f ,nature to ,mann]ism4 ,by means ( ?is tea*+ ,cornelius infus$ all 8 own defects into 8 academy1 :i* = t reason 0 doom$ f ! outset to an e>ly decease4 ,a w> ( ext]m9ation1 (t5 lead+ to ! mo/ burlesque sc5es1 0 decl>$ by ! ,cornelians aga9/ ! ,lang]ians1 :o 7 despis$ because !y _h reta9$ a few ( ! te*nical acquirem5ts ( ! p]uke p]iod4 ,:5 ,cornelius's att5tion 0 drawn to ! fact t 9 "o ( 8 c>toons he _h giv5 a ,greek h]o six f+]s he answ]$ ) indiff]5ce3 ,ay1 & if he _h _h sev51 h[ w\ld x affect ! g5]al idea8 ,illu/ration3 ,,kaulba*4 ,,! ,,deluge4 ,x 0 only natural1 !re=e1 t 8 pupils %\ld feel above us+ a model4 ,x is said t at ! "t :5 !y 7 turn+ ,muni* into an ,a!ns1 & ! pa9t]s 7 cov]+ ! city walls ) frescoes1 ,muni* possess$ b "o model1 & ! poor fell[ di$ ( />vation4 ,& !n1 h[ !y hat$ col\rs6 ,!y 7 s difficult to manage6 ,:o1 pray1 want$ to le>n fresco pa9t+ by h>d lab\r1 & swall[ ! *alk-du/8 ,x 0 mu* easi] to copy _! "l & ma/]1 ^: "n 0 on _! lips1 b n a sp>k ( ^: g5ius 0 9 _! heads1 ) e sort ( mann]ism4 ,:5 nature once produces a new bir? %e does s ) a lavi% h&4 ,tal5ts1 tal5ts en\gh = c5turies6 ,9 ^! words ,cornelius himself did hon\r to 8 pupils--to ,c>l ,h]rmann1 ,/rhub]1 ,h]mann ,ans*tz1 ,hilt5sp]g]1 & ,l9d5s*mit ! eld]1 ! m5tion ( ^: names evokes a pa9ful memory ( ! arcades 9 ! palace g>d5 at ,muni*4 ,:at survives ( ,cornelius is only ! man1 ! individual4 ,po/]ity w d\btless always hon\r him = ! unfl9*+ en]gy ) :i* he upheld 8 ideal f y\? to fail+ age2 = 8 c\rage 9 prop\nd+ & def5d+ :at seem$ "r to him2 = refra9+ f putt+ on velvet gloves ) ! multitude1 b frankly %[+ !m 8 nails4 ,?is high-m9d$ness ( ,cornelius1 & 8 l(ty conception ( ! aims ( art1 mu/ always comm& our respect4 ,all 8 works are ! product ( a s]5e1 great1 & noble s\l4 ,8 is a physiognomy ) a pr\d1 vigor\s pr(ile1 :i* expresses an intellectual t5d5cy1 & c nev] be =gott54 ,he 0 a man--z a pa9t]1 a curse to ,g]man art1 b a self-consci\s1 ari/ocratic m9d4 ,z he himself said3 ,art has its high-prie/s & also its h$ge-prie/s2 & :5 at ! end ( 8 life he made 8 pr(ession3 ,nev]1 "u any circum/ance ( my life1 h ,i lo/ my pi\s rev]5ce = ! div9ity ( art2 nev] h ,i s9n$ aga9/ x1 we none ( u refuse to accept 8 ^w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,kaulba*4 ,,pr9ce ,,ar?ur ,,& ,,hub]t4 ,?is unfail+ e>ne/ness :i* suffuses ,cornelius's "w raises him high above ,wilhelm ,kaulba*1 & secures = him la/+ fame1 :5 t ( ,kaulba* %all h be5 buri$ ) ! la/ ( ! cultur$ patrons = :om he work$1 & by :om he 0 plac$ on a p$e/al4 ,look at bo? ( !m f a purely arti/ic po9t ( view1 comp>+ !m ) ! old ma/]s1 & bo? ( !m s9k equally into insignificance4 ,b if we come to accept ! problem ( art criticism z a matt] ( psy*ology r ?an ( /hetics1 if we se>* = ! relations betwe5 ! "w ( art & ! s\l ( its au?or1 we _c b look ^u ,kaulba* z by f> ! inf]ior4 ,cornelius endeav\r$ to raise ! masses to 8 level1 paid = 8 idealism ) unpopul>ity1 & 0 nev] und]/ood4 ,kaulba*1 ! humble s]vant ( ! public1 *ang$ ! ,sp>tan iron ( ! art ( ,cornelius = ! base co9 ( ! art unions2 to tickle ! multitude1 he clo!d voluptu\s s5suality 9 ! /ately g>m5t ( ! e>ne/ ,muse1 & 0 hail$ ) jubilation ?r\gh\t 8 life4 ,b ! valise ) :i* alone1 accord+ to ! fairy-tale1 "o c ent] ^u ! j\rney to immortality1 0 /ill light] 9 8 case4 ,ideali/ic pa9t+1 z pr(ess$ by ,cornelius1 _h skimm$ all ! cream f religi\s & my?ological subjects2 s ,kaulba* tri$ to give some?+ m actual 9 its /ead4 ,he f\nd ?is 9 ! philosophy ( hi/ory1 9 ! images ( epo*s 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w :i* 7 !n s mu* 9 vogue1 & h&$ 8 public1 eag] = k1 a pr9t$ programme ^u :i* he _h catalogu$ ! gigantic ?\ghts & ev5 weighti] ref]5ces :i* ! picture 0 said to conta94 ,z ! masses 7 aw$ by ! sev]ity ( ! ,cornelian conception ( =ms1 he s(t5$ x d[n ) sup]ficial calligraphic elegance3 :at 0 /urdy & angul> 9 ! =m] 0 by him *ang$ into a coquetti% effem9acy4 ,?is he effect$ by daub+ 8 pictures1 :i* 7 9 no way col\r conceptions1 ) insipid comb9ations ( col\r1 & replac$ ) oleographs ,cornelius's illum9at$ monum5tal woodcuts4 ,by ^! concessions to ! picturesque he drove ! axe into ! tree :i* ! design]s ( c>toons _h plant$4 ,! "p he plays is t ( a man ( compromise betwe5 ,cornelius & ,piloty2 8 frescoes are too sug>y2 8 oil-pa9t+s too faulty4 ,x 0 he :o buri$ ! era ( c>toons1 al?\gh ! obsequies 7 conduct$ ) all pomp4 ,a spiritual battle1 an a]ial battle1 ! ,battle ( ! ,huns1 is ! fir/ ( 8 works4 ,b5ea?1 a real hi/orical ev5t2 above1 ! same reproduc$ 9 ! spiritual _w4 ,! battle is ov]2 ! field is hidd5 b5ea? ! corpses ( ! sla92 b ! spirits cont9ue ! combat 9 mid-air1 & /rive to turn ! occasion to acc\nt = a display ( nudity4 ,next came ! ,de/ruction ( ,j]usalem1 cramm$ ) +5i\s ref]5ces1 & elucidat$ ) long1 pr9t$ comm5t>ies4 ,?is programme-pa9t+ play$ its trump c>d on ! /aircase ( ! ,b]l9 ,museum1 :]e a space ( #bdj feet by #bh feet is occupi$ by ! intellectual manife/ations ( ! hi/orical ,weltgei/2 ! total evolution ( culture ) e p ( e p]iod 9 its pr9cipal hi/orical phases2 ^? incid5ts :i*1 9 ! evolution ( univ]sal hi/ory1 m>k ! important knots ) :i* ! closely entw9$ ?reads ( ! national dramas ( ! univ]se are b\nd toge!r4 ,! ,battle ( ! ,huns1 ! ,de/ruction ( ,j]usalem1 7 includ$ 9 ! s]ies2 & to !m 7 add$ ! ,t[] ( ,babel1 ! ,rise ( ,greece1 ! ,crusades1 & ! ,re=mation4 ,! :ole ( ,hegel's philosophy 0 reproduc$ on ! walls4 ,b z ! pictures are n new ?r\gh any novelty or greatness ( _! conception1 we ne$ c]ta9ly n ent] into ! a/\nd+ pr(undity ( _! philosophy4 ,! eye is /ruck ) m]e compositions1 built up accord+ to c]ta9 =mulas1 & tableaux vivants1 put toge!r ) m or less clev]ness1 !atrical 9 effect & crude 9 col\r4 ,( 8 o!r l>ge pictures1 ! ,naval ,battle at ,salamis caus$ a special /ir ?r\gh its s9k+ h>em4 ,9 8 ,n]o he contra/$ ! orgies ( ! ,romans ( ! decad5ce ) ! en?usiasm = dea? ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians4 ,aga91 9 8 great c>toon 9 *>coal ( ,pet] ,arbue1 he inflat$ to monum5tal dim5sions a draw+ suitable = a comic pap]4 ,kaulba* is n an arti/ to be tak5 s]i\sly4 ,woltmann1 :o made ! same obs]vation tw5ty ye>s ago1 tri$ at lea/ to v9dicate ! illu/rator1 & express$ 8 regret t a man :o _h ! /uff 9 him ( a ,g]man ,hog>? %\ld un=tunately h be5 caught 9 ! toils ( ! ,cornelian s*ool4 ,b ?is comp>ison does little ju/ice to ,hog>?4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! illu/rations ( ,kaulba* :i* _m o!r arti/s c\ld n h improv$ ^u4 ,9 8 ,reyn>d ! ,fox he adapt$1 = ! b5efit ( ! ,g]man public1 ,gr&ville's ,scnes de la ,vie prive et publique des ,animaux1 publi%$ 9 #ahdb4 ,8 illu/rations = ditions de luxe 7,! ,wom5 ( ,goe!1 etc47 m>k$ ! fir/ /eps ( ! road :i* end$ 9 ,?uman4 ,& ,?uman /&s high] ?an ,kaulba*4 ,! fa9t1 unacc5t$ draw+1 ! oval beauty ( heads1 declamatory & expressionless1 ! academic t\* are common to bo? ( !m4 ,b only ) ,kaulba* d we f9d ! p5etrat+ p]fume ( ! demi-monde1 ! voluptu\s1 satirical laught] :i* is n ev5 /ill$ be=e ,goe!1 ! p&]+ s5suality :i* _c t\* ! pure/ & t5d]e/ figures 9 ,g]man poetry )\t us+ !m z a pretext to fl+ nudities to ! public l bones to a dog4 ,9 8 ,dance ( ,dea? suite1 ,kaulba* turn$ into frivolity :at ,re!l _h be=e express$ solemnly & e>ne/ly4 ,l ! two augurs1 :o c\ld n meet )\t laugh+1 s at la/ ! satirical design] began to laugh at 8 own monum5tal pictures4 ,aft] complet+ 9 8 s]ies ( mural pa9t+s at ! ,b]l9 ,museum 8 ,apo!osis ( ! ,evolution ( ,human ,culture1 he expla9$ 9 8 friezes t ! :ole 01 aft] all1 no?+ b a du/b9 & a lumb]-room4 ,:5 he 0 commission$ to depict a suite ( pa9t+s = ! upp] walls ( ! new ,p9ako!k at ,muni*1 ! arti/ic life ( t t[n1 z glorifi$ by ,k+ ,ludwig--a suite :i* ! wea!r has s9ce be5 k9d en\gh to r5d] almo/ invisible--he fulfill$ 8 task by mock+ at :at he %\ld h glorifi$4 ,all die ,mei/] ,kun/bahnbre*]1 wie die ,h]r5 selb/ si* n5n51 ,wahrli* ,widd]kpfe s9d sie1 ,mau]n damit e9zur5n54 ,mit dem ,lo*e 9 d] ,mau] i/'s no* lange ni*t ges*eh51 ,da muss er/ d] ,held ers*e951 siegrei* dadur* e9zugeh54 ,geg5 j5es ,ungeheu] zieh5 sie zu ,feld mit ,phras51 ,wie die sieb5 ,s*wab5 e9/mals ritt]li* bekmpft d5 ,has54 ,voran zieht d] edle ,ritt] ,s*norr1 d] ,kn/e ,don ,quixote1 ,se9e ,ros9ante setzt er1 /att des ,pegasus 9 ,trotte2 ,heilig] ,hess1 se9 ,san*o ,pansa1 ,du ni*t lieb/ das (f5e ,/reit51 ,und du ls/ di* sa*te1 sa*te1 'rab von ,de9em ,esel gleit54 ,0 i/ d5n s grosses ,neues 9 d] ,neu5 ,kun/ ges*eh58 ,ni*ts1 als 0 sie ni*t d] aft51 lng/ v]gangn5 abgeseh54 ,wnde i* au* ,lorbe]krnze all um diese ,alltagsfratz51 ,wrd5 sie sie do* nur zi]5 zu b$eck5 hohle ,glatz54 ,?is is ! comm5t>y writt5 by ,kaulba* himself2 & ,?ophile ,gauti] call$ ! suite un c>naval au soleil4 ,! k+ 9 8 y\? sp5t millions 9 ord] to elevate art1 says ,s*w9d2 & n[ 9 8 old age he pays ano!r ?\s& p\nds 9 ord] to be laugh$ at = x4 ,he9e's l\d1 scornful laught] res\nds ov] ! grave ( romantic lit]ature2 & s ! monum5tal p]iod ( ,g]man art ends 9 self-d]ision4 ,moreov]1 z ! mural pa9t+s ( ! new ,p9ako!k1 l ! frescoes 9 ! ,arcades & mo/ ( ! o!r monum5tal products ( ! p]iod1 are fall+ into ru91 & only %[ traces ( _! pa/ beauty 9 a few fa9t spots ( col\r n yet entirely effac$1 x is q cle> t x 0 an inh]5t fallacy ( ,cornelius to expect a r5ovation ( national ,g]man art f fresco pa9t+4 ,! ,v5etians ( ! sixte5? c5tury well knew :y !y did n take up fresco pa9t+4 ,monum5tal pa9t+1 z aim$ at by ,cornelius1 mu/ rema9 an import$ plant t _c possibly ?rive 9 a nor!rn climate2 & oil-pa9t+1 s9ce ! ,van ,eycks ! m$ium & basis ( art-culture among ! ,teutonic races1 took its rev5ge ^u 8 "o-sid$ness & 8 ,mi*aelangelesque disda91 9 ! fact t at ,muni* x _h to be le>nt aga9 "r f ! beg9n+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,kaulba*4 ,,m>gu]ite4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,d,,sseldorf]s ,on ! ,rh9e !re exi/$ a s*ool ( pa9t+ in/ead ( a s*ool ( draw+1 a fact :i* at t "t plac$ ,dsseldorf next 9 importance to ,muni*4 ,wilhelm ,s*ad[1 its fir/ director1 0 lack+ 9 any p]sonal di/9ction z an arti/1 b he _h receiv$ f 8 great fa!r a t5d5cy t[>ds p]fection ( te*nique1 :i* br\ght him & 8 s*ool into direct opposition ) ! purely philosophical pa9t]s ( ! sev]e ,cornelian tradition1 & :i* has ev5 9 our days be5 able to ex]cise an au?oritative influ5ce4 ,9 ,rome he 0 ! only "o ( ! ,naz>5es am5able to ! ,fr5* influ5ce1 :ile ! o!rs n]v\sly held alo( f ! memb]s ( ! ,fr5* ,academy4 ,& ?is =mal b5t ( 8 tal5t lat] gave him ! qualifications ( a s\nd tea*]4 ,imm$iately ^u 8 arrival at ,dsseldorf1 9 ,novemb] #ahbf1 he 0 escort$ by a /ately ?rong ( /ud5ts3 ,c>l ,fri$ri* ,less+1 ,julius ,hbn]1 ,!odor ,hildebr&t1 ,c>l ,sohn1 ,h4 ,mcke1 & ,*ri/ian ,koehl]1 :o 7 aft]w>ds jo9$ by ,edu>d ,b5demann1 ,erne/ ,deg]1 & o!rs4 ,^! became ! ma9/ay ( ! celebrat$ ,old ,dsseldorf ,s*ool1 :i* 0 soon support$ by ! jubilant en?usiasm ( its contempor>ies4 ,at ! ,b]l9 exhibitions ! new s*ool ( pa9t+ pass$ f "o triumph to ! o!r4 ,"y m5 fre% f s*ool sudd5ly made names t 7 hon\r$ ?r\gh\t ,g]many1 by reason ( ! rem>kable mann] 9 :i* _! works succe$$ 9 express+ ! s5tim5tal romanticism ( ! "t4 ,! ,w>s ( ,lib]ty ( #ahac1 :i* _h caus$ a gu/ ( joy\s en?usiasm to p5etrate ev5 into ! peaceful seclusion ( ! ,naz>5es1 7 n1 l ! w>s ( #ahgj1 ! outcome ( c>eful calculation1 b ! result ( a sudd5 bur/ ( ard\r1 & ! disillusion _h n[ foll[$ ^u ! en?usiasm4 ,9 #ahaj1 ) ! ,fr5* bayonets gleam+ outside ! w9d[s1 & ! ,fr5* kettl$rums dr[n+ ! s\nd ( 8 voice1 ,fi*te deliv]$ at ! ,b]l9 ,univ]sity 8 fam\s spee*es :i* s\nd$ ! rveill = ,g]many4 ,at ! same "t ,klei/ wrote 8 ,h]manns*la*t3 ,napoleon 0 to be treat$ z ,h]mann _h treat$ ,v>us4 ,0 blas5 die ,trompet51 ,hus>5 h]aus1 peal$ ?r\gh ! air2 ! song ( ,got1 d] ,eis5 wa*s5 liess rose heav5w>ds 9 braz5 accords4 ,& n long aft]1 ! same lions :o _h beat5 ! ,corsican at ,leipzig1 & _h ) ,arndt conceiv$ ! idea ( a great1 unit$ fa!rl&1 _h once m become ! same easy-go+ p1 dr9k+ _! be] & smok+ _! pipes 9 _! little duodecimo pr9cipalities z ( old4 ,^? dre>y times1 :i* saw no prospect ( relief 9 _! own days1 mu/ ne$s n\ri% a devotion to ! pa/4 ,t haughty antiquity1 :i* _h be5 possess$ ( ! ideal to :i* ! pres5t _h n be5 able to atta91 became ! object ( a fanatical adoration4 ,m5 lo/ !mselves 9 ! old /oreh\ses ( fad$ ,g]man rem9isc5ces1 & fl$ = inspiration to ! times ( a consolidat$ ,g]man ,empire4 ,?is return to ! ru9s ( ! pa/ 0 a prote/ aga9/ ! grey1 col\rless pres5t4 ,! patriotic fr5zy ( ! poets ( fre$om *ang$ into en?usiasm = ! vani%$ glories ( m$ival ,g]many4 ,!y rememb]$ ) long+ & ye>n+ ! days :5 ! robb]-knights rul$ t[n & c\ntry f _! /rongholds4 ,s*5k5dorff sang hymns inspir$ by ! old ca!drals1 rummag$ ) holy horror among ! skeletons ( knights & h]oes 9 ! *apel1 & wrote a poem 9 memory ( ! ?\s&? anniv]s>y ( ! dea? ( ,*>lemagne2 ,arndt1 ! b>d ( ! w>s ( fre$om1 viol5tly attack$ ! indu/rialism ( ! "t1 declaim+ aga9/ /eam & ma*9]y2 ,za*>ias ,w]n] compos$ 8 poem1 ,das ,feldges*rei sei3 alte ,zeit wird neu4 ,?is revival ( romanticism op5$ up a wide field to sci5ce & poetry4 ,! apo!osis ( ! old imp]ial times 0 made manife/ amid fairy-l glam\r4 ,poetry grasp$ ! pilgrim's /aff1 or rode ) beaute\s dames on milk-:ite palfreys ?r\gh =e/ & glade4 ,en*ant$ g5ii1 elves1 fairies1 & gobl9s 7 enc\nt]$ on ! road4 ,n[h]e is !re s sweet a sc5t ( blossoms1 s innoc5t a s\nd ( *ildr5's m]rim5t1 z 9 ,tieck's delightful & da9ty fairy-tales1 or 9 ! works ( ,clem5s ,br5tano1 ^? preci\s /ories ( ,fa!r ,rh9e1 ( ! wat]-nymphs & ! cry/al ca/les at ! bottom ( ! gre5 curr5t1 pictures full ( *>m+ wilfulness1 dreamily w9some1 l summ] ev5+s on ! ,rh9e4 ,uhl& sang1 z once _h sung ! knightly poets ) ! gold5 h>ps-- ,von ,gottesm9ne1 von khn] ,held5 ,mu?1 ,von l9dem liebes9ne1 von sss] ,mai5glu?4 ,to ?is day we seem to peep betwe5 ! wea!r-beat5 ca/les1 /&+ on _! grey rocks along ! ,rh9e ,valley1 into ! realm ( romance z into an enigma prop\nd$ by m\nta9 & dale4 ,rh9e & romance6 ,no spot 9 ,g]many 0 bett] fitt$ to become ! cradle ( a romantic art ?an ,dsseldorf1 ! peaceful t[n on ! leg5d-haunt$ banks ( ! gre5 riv]4 ,9 ! fifte5? c5tury1 9 addition to ! s*ool ( ,flor5ce1 :]e fl[$ a ri* curr5t ( political & human life1 :]e great build+s1 monum5ts1 & frescoes kept ar*itects & sculptors & pa9t]s uni=mly busi$1 !re exi/$ 9 ! remote ,umbrian valleys1 9 ! l& ( miracles & visions1 t s*ool ( pa9t+ 9 oils :i* saw its only et]nal ideal 9 ! deep eyes & s(t aspect ( ! ,madonna1 & made ! vision>y aspirations ( ! s\l1 emotions1 & s5tim5t ! exclusive subject ( _! pictures4 ,9 ! same mann]1 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury1 we f9d 9 contra/ ) ! ,muni* s*ool1 ) its num]\s ar*itectural products1 its massive /atu>y1 & ! epic-dramatic fresco pa9t+ ( ,cornelius--w$d+ ! ,g]man to ! ,greek1 & ,fau/ to ,hel5--t lyrico-s5tim5tal ,dsseldorf s*ool ( pa9t+ :i* embrac$ ,madonnas & prophets1 knights & robb]s1 gipsies & monks1 wat]-nymphs & nuns ) ! same langui%+ t5d]ness4 ,9 matt] & te*nique x completes ! art ( ,cornelius & ! ,naz>5es2 t ( ! ,muni* ma/] by its enc\ragem5t ( oil-pa9t+2 t ( ! ,naz>5es by ! /ress :i* x lays ^u ! m worldly side ( m$ival life1 ^u *ivalry1 & 9 a less degree ^u t o!r pill> ( m$ivalism ! ,*ur*4 ,! ,naz>5es are ar*ological & ascetic2 ! ,dsseldorf s*ool is insipid 9 a mod]n way1 feeble1 col\rless1 & s5tim5tal4 ,c\nt ,raczynski & ,fri$ri* von ,ue*tritz h giv5 u int]e/+ descriptions ( life at ,dsseldorf at t "t1 & _! /ory reads l a *apt] ( ,tacitus' ,g]mania4 ,gr& dieu6 ,bons et affectueux allem&s6 exclaim$ a ,p>isian critic ( ! ,c\nt's book 9 sad emotion1 & held up ?is virtu\s ,g]man life1 z an example wor?y ( imitation1 to 8 compatriots1 ! decad5ts ( fa%ionable arti/ic ,p>is1 fall5 into mod]n luxury4 ,undi/urb$ by ! hum ( a big city1 & )\t any communication ) its surr\nd+s1 ! ,dsseldorf colony ( arti/s liv$ its life ( seclusion4 ,! pa9t]s saw none b pa9t]s4 ,!y h]d$ toge!r 9 ! /udios1 & ! sole recreation 9 ! int]vals ( _! "w 0 a visit to ano!r /udio4 ,! :ole ( ! day 0 devot$ to pa9t+2 :5 ! picture 0 complete x w5t to ! art union2 & ! h\rs ( t$i\sness 7 ov]come ) ! assi/ance ( a little intrigue4 ,hildebr&t possess$ ! nucleus ( a collection ( beetles4 ,less+1 ! hunt]1 collect$ pipes & antl]s1 & only felt himself at home 9 ! little room :i* he occupi$ ) ,sohn :5 x assum$ ! appe>ance ( a gamekeep]'s cottage4 ,conv9c$ t politics 7 ! ru9 ( "*1 !y all[$ no que/ions ( ! day to int]f]e ) ! calmness ( _! arti/ic life4 ,few ( !m ev] read a newspap]4 ,9 ! ye> ( revolution1 #ahcj1 _! sole int]e/ 9 ! ev5ts ar\nd !m 0 conc5trat$ 9 ! fe> t a w> might di/urb _! idyllic life4 ,! end ( ! day's "w saw !m 9 summ]-"t b5t on a pilgrimage to ! ,/ockkmp*51 to refre% !mselves ) a cup ( butt]milk1 to play at b[ls1 or to enjoy a race among ! cabbage pat*es ( ! g>d54 ,9 w9t] !y made a po9t ( meet+ at sev5 o'clock e ,saturday night at ! inn = a lit]>y read+4 ,ea* tak+ 8 "p !y recit$ ! dramas ( ,tieck1 ( ,cald]on1 & ,lopez2 or ,ue*tritz read extracts f ,g]man hi/ory1 ! ,crusades1 ! p]iod ( ! emp]ors1 ! riots ( ! ,hussites4 ,e ,sunday night !re met at ,s*ad['s a v di/+ui%$ intellectual circle1 consi/+ ( ,judge ,imm]mann 7! re=m] ( ! /age at ,dsseldorf71 ,felix ,m5delssohn ! compos]1 ,kortum1 au?or ( ! ,jobsiade1 & ,assessor von ,ue*tritz1 ) _! ladies4 ,b ! great gala-days 7 ! !atrical p]=mances :i* took place twice a week4 ,"u ! lead]%ip ( ,imm]mann ! !atre _h become ! place :5ce ! "y pa9t]s ga!r$ _! livelie/ sugge/ions4 ,"s ( !m w5t ev5 s f> z to take "p 9 amateur p]=mances1 conduct$ by ,imm]mann1 & giv5 9 ,s*ad['s h\se1 "u ! auspices ( ! :ole ( ! di/+ui%$ society4 ,& ?us ! pictures ( ?is s*ool 7 n conceiv$ "u ! influ5ce ( life1 b ( ! !atre4 ,! ,dsseldorf arti/s 7 y\?s ^: productions 7 n root$ 9 life1 b 9 read+ & culture2 y\?s :o always mov$ 9 good society1 & :o _h pass$ ?r\gh ! great ordeals ( life1 b only on ! bo>ds repres5t+ ! univ]se4 ,!odor ,hildebr&t became ! ,%akespe>e ( ,dsseldorf4 ,! translation ( ! works ( ! ,engli% poet by ,s*legel _h be5 publi%$ "s "t e>li]1 & ,imm]mann1 9 ,dsseldorf1 _h be5 ! fir/ to (f] ,%akespe>e a home on ! ,g]man /age4 ,! p]=mances ( 8 trag$ies 7 reg>d$ z r$-lett] days4 ,dur+ ! ?ree ye>s ( ,imm]mann's lead]%ip 7#ahcd-cg71 ,hamlet1 ,macbe?1 ,k+ ,john1 ,k+ ,le>1 ,! ,m]*ant ( ,v5ice1 ,romeo & ,juliet1 ,o!llo1 & ,julius ,cs> 7 p]=m$ on fifte5 occasions 9 all4#a ,to give ! titles ( ^! plays is at once to *>act]ise ! subject-matt] ( ,hildebr&t's pa9t+s4 ,he v (t5 _h a h& 9 ! /ag+ ( ! plays1 & is said to h %[n a rem>kable hi/rionic tal5t 9 ! p]=mances at ,s*ad['s4 ,he r>ely w5t to o!r poets = 8 inspiration1 z 9 8 ,pictures f ,fau/ & 8 ,bew>e ( ! ,wat] ,nymph1 :]e he hon\r$ ,goe!1 & 9 8 ,brig&s1 :]e he may h be5 inspir$ by "o ( ! _m v>iations on ,r9aldo ,r9ald9i t flood$ ! m>ket at ! "t1 or p]haps also by ,byron1 ^: influ5ce 0 v m>k$ on ! ,dsseldorf s*ool4 ,goe!'s ,frau5ge/alt51 m especially ! ,leonoras1 7 reproduc$ 9 oils by old fa!r ,sohn4 ,edu>d ,/e9bruck pa9t$ ,g5evives1 ,r$ ,rid+ ,hoods1 ,elves1 & ,und9es1 aft] ,tieck & ,f\qu2 ,h4 ,/ilke's ,pictures f ! ,crusades introduc$ ,walt] ,scott to ! ,g]man public4 ,uhl&'s fir/ ballads _h br\ght into fa%ion ! damsels :o f ! ramp>ts ( _! ca/les wave a sad f>ewell to ! lonely %eph]ds2 ! ance/ral tombs1 9 :i* ! la/ knight ( 8 race takes 8 ev]la/+ re/2 ! li/s1 :]e melan*oly h]oes /ab !mselves4 ,8 ,love-song ( ! ,%eph]d to ! ,%eph]dess-- ,und halt i* di* 9 d5 ,arm5 ,auf frei5 ,b]ge%hn1 ,wir sehn 9 die weit5 ,l&e ,und w]d5 do* ni*t gesehn1 gave ,b5demann ! motive = 8 picture ( ! same "n4 ,"y ,less+ _h to ?ank ,uhl& = ! subject ( 8 fir/ success1 ,! ,sorr[+ ,royal ,pair1 :i* at "o b\nd made 8 "n "o ( ! mo/ hon\r$ 9 ,g]man art4 ,wohl sah i* die ,elt]n beide ,ohne d] ,kron5 ,li*t ,im s*w>z5 ,trau]kleide1 ,die ,jungfrau sah i* ni*t4 ,aft] ,brg] he pa9t$ a ,leonora--( c\rse 9 s-call$ m$ival co/ume1 9 ord] to avoid ! unpicturesque attire 9 fa%ion dur+ ! ,sev5 ,ye>s' ,w>2 & at ! same "t z ,hildebr&t1 ,a ,m\rn+ ,brig&1 :o1 9 ! full light ( ! ev5+ sun1 sits brood+ on a rock ov] ! depravity ( ! _w4 ,t all ( !m 7 frantically en?usia/ic = ! ,hoh5/auf5s is due to ! publication ( ,von ,ra9]'s ,hi/ory 9 #ahbc1 :i* took a great] hold ( ! public ?an did ,s*ill]'s ,hi/ory ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w>1 & inspir$ num]\s dramas4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hildebr&t4 ,,! ,,sons ,,( ,,edw>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/e9bruck4 ,,elves4 ,ev5 ! idyllic & t\*+ sc5es f ! ,old ,te/am5t & ! ,hebrew elegies are easily trac$ back to !atrical inspirations4 ,) ! exception ( ! frescoes ( ! ,casa ,b>?oldy1 ! subjects ( :i* 7 select$ ) an eye to ! religi\s belief ( _! pur*as]1 ! ,naz>5es f\nd all ! subject-matt] !y want$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,! ,passion ( ,our ,"l 0 unable to inspire ! ,dsseldorf s*ool4 ,z comp>$ to ! few ,*ri/ian pa9t+s by ,w4 ,s*ad[1 & ! dreamy ,madonnas ( ,deg]1 ,itt5ba*1 & little ,p]ug9o ,m9trop1 we f9d a f> great] numb] ( sc5es f ! ,old ,te/am5t1 :i* at ! "t gave bir? to num]\s dramas4 ,hbn]1 always incl9$ to idyllic & melan*oly sc5es1 pa9t$ ,ru? & ,boaz1 8 fir/ great picture1 :i* e/abli%$ 8 reputation4 ,aft] ,kl+emann _h utilis$ ! :ole life ( ,moses by turn+ x into a !atrically effective sequ5ce1 ,*ri/ian ,koehl] scor$ a success ) 8 ,moses hidd5 9 ! ,bulru%es & 8 ,f9d+ ( ,moses1 & !n1 incit$ by ,raupa*'s ,semiramis1 ab&on$ 8 biblical h]o9es = ,ori5tal ones4 ,!odor ,hildebr&t took ,tieck's ,judi? z an inspiration = 8 picture ( ?is ,jewi% h]o9e4 ,kehr5's ,joseph reveals ,himself to 8 ,bre?r5 0 begun aft] ! op]a ,joseph 9 ,egypt _h be5 p]=m$ at ,dsseldorf4 ,b5demann1 9 #ahcb1 play$ 8 trump c>d ) 8 ,lam5t ( ! ,jews1 n[ 9 ! ,cologne ,museum1 aft] ,byron _h made 8 propag&a1 sugge/$ by ! sad lives ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 & ,fri$ri* von ,ue*tritz _h caus$ 8 drama1 ,! ,babylonians 9 ,j]usalem1 to be p]=m$1 end+ z x does ) ! s5d+ ( ! ,jews into captivity 9 ,babylon-- ,we9' b] die die we95 f]n 9 ,babel1 ,ihr ,tempel bra*1 ihr ,l& w>d1 a*6 zur ,fabel6 ,we9'6 es er/>t d] heil 'g5 ,h>fe ,ton1 ,im ,haus ,jehovas hau/ d] ,sptt] ,hohn4 ,& 8 oil-pa9t+s ( a lat] date1 ,j]emiah on ! ,ru9s ( ,j]usalem 7#ahcd71 n[ 9 ! ,g]man ,emp]or's collection1 & ! ,s5d+ ( ! ,jews into ,captivity 9 ,babylon 7#ahgb71 9 ! ,b]l9 ,national ,gall]y1 7 v>iations on ! same !me4 ,! productions ( ! ,dsseldorf s*ool 7 ?us 9 p]fect h>mony ) ! programme issu$ by ,pttmann 9 8 book4 ,pictorial repres5tations may be tak5 f two ranges1 ,hi/ory or ,poetry2 ! pa9t] may *oose an hi/orical fact z a subject = repres5tation1 or reproduce 9 visible =m ! rhy?mically %ap$ fancy ( a /rang]4 ,hi/ory %[s him figures full ( expression1 & ev5 a less p[]ful arti/ w f9d x possible to make a true copy ( !m4 ,if ! pa9t] works f poems 8 repres5tations are sure to meet ) approval1 z !y r5d] ! beautiful & ! attractive 9 visible %ape4 ,b ! greate/ success lies 9 /ore = ^? works :i* depict 9 h>mony ) ! mood ( ! times hi/orical or poetical p]=mances :i* express human suff]+ 9 its v>i\s /ages1 f homely & ev]yday griefs to ! sil5t sorr[ ( irretrievable cata/rophe4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sohn4 ,,! ,,two ,,leonoras4 ,?us ! scale ( sorr[ f sad melan*oly to pa9ful suff]+ became ! speciality ( ! ,dsseldorf s*ool4 ,at ! foot ( ! scale we f9d ! pictures :i* repres5t ! common1 yet ke5 sorr[ ( p>5ts at ! dea? or ! sad future ( _! *ildr54 ,less+'s ,royal ,pair m\rn ! dea? ( _! daught]2 ,hag> grieves because %e is =c$ to ab&on h] son ,i%mael 9 ! des]t2 ,g5oveva1 because ! roe is s long 9 com+ to ! rescue4 ,! mortal grief ( love is repres5t$ by ,less+'s ,leonora2 grief ( love at sep>ation by ,sohn's & ,hildebr&t's pictures ( ,romeo & ,juliet4 ,ev5 ! murd]]s ( ! ,sons ( ,edw>d m\rn at _! crime :5 !y see ! *ildr5-- ,girdl+ "o ano!r ,)9 _! innoc5t alaba/] arms3 ,_! lips 7 f\r r$ roses on a /alk1 ,:i* 9 _! summ] beauty kiss$ ea* o!r4 ,job grieves at ! d[nfall ( 8 h\se2 ,hbn]'s ,ru?1 because h] weep+ "m-9-law entreats h] to dep>t2 ,/ilke's ,pilgrim 9 ! ,des]t1 because 8 horse has di$ ( ?ir/2 ,plddeman's ,columbus1 because he kn[s himself to be unwor?y ( ! grace ( ,god :i* enabl$ him to discov] ,am]ica2 ,ki$]i*'s ,*>les ,v1 because he has retir$ too e>ly to 8 mona/]y1 & is plagu$ by ! tick+ ( 8 wat*4 ,! ,hoh5/auf5s1 ( c\rse1 appeal$ m to ! pity ( ! public3 ! mis=tunes ( ! beautiful ,enz91 ( ,manfr$ & ,conrad1 gave bir? to a s5tim5t ( pr(\nde/ sadness4 ,ev5 brig&s m\rn at ! depravity ( ! _w4 ,! age _h come to despise its own ,phili/9e situation s deeply t x look$ up to ! brig&s1 ! adv]s>ies ( civil ord]1 z to repres5tatives ( ju/ice4 ,all depravity1 x 0 said1 orig9at$ ) ! public function>ies1 & to ! noble brig&s 0 allott$ ! task ( revolutionis+ exi/+ ?+s4 ,_! ally 9 ?is 0 to be ! poa*]4 ,at a "t :5 a revision ( ! game-laws 0 ! sole timid wi% ! p v5tur$ to lay be=e its pr9ces1 x 0 only logical t ! poa*] %\ld be look$ ^u z ! victim ( inju/ice1 z ! rescu] ( ! small man f ! claws ( feudal despotism4 ,! num]\s pictures t glorify him1 z he falls welt]+ 9 8 blood b5ea? ! guns ( ! gamekeep]s1 make p5dants to ,raupa*'s ,smuggl]s1 & to ! re/ ( ! highly e/eem$ lit]ature :i* turn$ ! life ( ! poa*] into s5tim5tal dramas or novels4 ,illu/ration3 ,,less+4 ,,! ,,sorr[+ ,,royal ,,pair4 ,=tunately we1 9 our days1 f9d great difficulty 9 ent]+ into ! _s :i* gave bir? to ^! productions4 ,a _w lies betwe5 x & ! pres5t1 j z betwe5 ! ,g]many ( to-day & ! ,g]many ( #ahcj4 ,m5 ( ! y\ng] g5]ation1 :o 7 /ill at s*ool :5 ,bism>ck spoke 8 ^w ( blood & iron1 c h>dly und]/& h[ ?is mod]n1 reali/ic ,g]many c h be51 two g5]ations ago1 a s5tim5tal ,g]many4 ,n[ ! significance ( ! ,dsseldorf s*ool 9 ! hi/ory ( civilisation lies 9 ! fact t !y are ! real repres5tatives ( t age ( s5tim5tality4 ,a g5]ation t melt$ away 9 te>ful dream+s mu/ ne$s en?usia/ically recognise its own fle% & blood 9 ^? knights & damsels1 squires & pages1 monks & nuns1 :o1 inf9itely amor\s or inf9itely religi\s1 7 all inf9itely s5tim5tal2 & ?+s t n[ only evoke a smile or a %rug mu/ ne$s h mov$ !m to te>s4 ,look :]e y w1 y meet ! same _w4 ,x hung on ! walls1 x display$ itself 9 engrav+s1 li?ographs1 & col\r$ pr9ts2 if "o lay d[n = a sie/a1 "o f\nd a lovelorn knight & damsel or a pray+ nun /it*$ on ! cu%ion2 if "o put "o's foot on a c>pet1 "o trod ^u noble hunt+-dames on horseback1 falcon on wri/2 "o c>ri$ !m 9 "o's pockets on cig>-cases & h&k]*iefs2 ! travell] & ! *eap tripp] took !m abroad on _! knapsacks4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,b5demann4 ,,! ,,lam5t ,,( ,,! ,,jews4 ,te*nically1 ! pictures ( ?is s*ool 7 n )\t _! m]its4 ,! greatness ( ,mi*ael ,angelo may n h be5 ,b5demann's1 & ,sohn's c>nations are f> remov$ f ! melt+ col\r+ ( ,titian4 ,b z oppos$ to ! "o-sid$ness to :i* fresco pa9t+ at ,muni* 0 giv5 up1 ! enc\ragem5t ( oil-pa9t+ at ,dsseldorf mu/ be look$ ^u z praisewor?y4 ,^! pa9t]s 7 ! fir/ 9 ,g]many to try aga9 to le>n h[ to pa9t 9 oils4 ,! extreme arti/ic clums9ess t _h reign$ "u ,cornelius 0 foll[$ by a p]iod 9 :i*1 "u ,s*ad[1 e>ne/ /udies & s]i\s "w 7 devot$ to an ef=t aga9 to ma/] a te*nical m$ium4 ,_! fri5dly emulation l$ to surpris+ progress1 :i* assur$ to ! ,dsseldorf s*ool a te*nical sup]iority ov] all ! o!r ,g]man s*ools ( ! p]iod4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sohn4 ,,! ,,rape ,,( ,,hylas4 ,if1 nev]!less1 _! pictures h n ma9ta9$ _! position z vital works ( art1 x is due to ! fact t !y 7 produc$ "u ! pressure ( t me*anical idealism :i* makes all _! productions s utt]ly unattractive to u4 ,! ideal l9e ( beauty has turn$ ! figures into bloodless %ad[s & wa%$-out !atrical =ms4 ,z philosophy 0 to ,cornelius1 s to ! ,dsseldorf]s 0 poetry _! ,noah's ,ark4 ,! int]e/ ar\s$ by ! poet 0 _! ally2 ! brea? ( ! w9d t set _! boat afloat2 ! g5]al poetical t5d5cy made up = ! defici5cy 9 arti/ic int]e/4 ,_h x n be5 = ! support ( ! poets1 _! sug>y1 insipid figures w\ld h f ! beg9n+ be5 unable to hold _! own4 ,= aft] hav+ be5 ret\*$ by ,idealism1 no?+ vital rema9$ 9 ^? romantic k+s1 fanta/ic knights1 ,jews1 & /age pr9cesses2 no?+ p>ticul> & *>act]i/ic 9 _! g5]alisation1 no?+ g5]ally human4 ,) !m a k+ is always an h]oic pr9ce 9 black h>ness1 a woolly be>d1 & a sc>let cloak4 ,a que5 is repres5t$ z pr\d & d>k1 or t5d] & fair-hair$4 ,9 ! mu*-belov$ c\ples f poems1 *>act]isation goes no fur!r ?an g5]al contra/s3 ! brunette 9 r$ attire ) :ite sleeves2 ! t5d] blonde ) ! complem5t>y g>m5t ( pale violet2 ! "o ) luxuri\s embonpo9t1 ! o!r languidly sl5d]--m5 br[n1 wom5 :ite1 y\?s rosy4 ,knights we> silv]y helmets ) or )\t plumes2 n[ ) op51 n[ ) %ut visor2 sometimes !y sit on poetic palfreys1 n[ ( sl5d]1 n[ ( /urdy build4 ,! only impressions !y are subject to may be int]pret$ ) ! assi/ance ( ! pla/] bu/3 hon\r1 fidelity1 love4 ,& z s5tim5t & h]oism are national virtues ( ! ,g]mans1 !y are b\nd to %[ s5tim5tal expression :il/ kill+ _! adv]s>ies4 ,ev5 ! brig&s are g5]alis$ lay figures4 ,! ,dsseldorf ideal ( beauty aim$ at a c]ta9 t5d]1 vaguely graceful sw+ ( outl9e t anxi\sly avoid$ all manly & /rong1 en]getic & *>act]i/ic expression1 all t c\ld rem9d "o ( nature4 ,!y reject$ ,leon>do da ,v9ci's advice1 to tug at ! nipple ( ,"m ,nature1 b look$ ^u h] m]ely z _! aunt2 & = ?is1 despis$ ,nature took h] rev5ge by mak+ _! figures %apeless & phantom-l4 ,& z _! dread ( pa9t$ /upidities did n once br+ !m to make bold mi/akes1 we c nei!r praise nor c5sure _! pictures1 _c enjoy !m or take (f5ce at !m1 b look at !m s9e ira et /udio1 ) a lukew>m feel+ ( utt] indiff]5ce4 ,,footnote3 #a ,z is /ill ! case 9 mo/ ( ! ,g]man !atres1 ! programme *ang$ e night4 ,two or ?ree consecutive p]=mances ( "o play rema9 a r>ity4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,! ,,legacy ,,( ,,g]man ,,romanticism ,x 0 res]v$ = two y\ng] m5 to rea* ! aim t hov]$ 9 ! f> di/ance be=e ,cornelius & ! ,dsseldorfians4 ,&1 by "o ( =tune's rem>kable freaks1 ! greate/ ,g]man monum5tal pa9t] ( ! n9ete5? c5tury came f ! ,dsseldorf1 ! greate/ ,romantici/ f ! ,muni* s*ool4 ,alfr$ ,re!l 0 tw5ty-f\r ye>s old :5 he receiv$ ! commission to pa9t ! frescoes 9 ! ,kais]saal at ,aa*51 & _h previ\sly work$ 9 ! ,dsseldorf ,academy1 & !n ) ,veit at ,frank=t4 ,b ! pictures are sugge/ive nei!r ( 8 ,dsseldorfian nor ( 8 ,naz>5e tra9+4 ,! de$s ( ,*>lemagne1 ! ance/or ( ! ,g]man ,imp]ial dyna/ies1 are nobly1 &1 at ! same "t1 vigor\sly embodi$ 9 !m4 ,re!l _h /udi$ ! h>% /r5g? ( 8 ,albre*t ,dr]1 b only z a k9dr$ _s /udies 8 k94 ,nei!r ,cornelius nor ,s*norr has depict$ ! old ,g]man h]oic might & ! vani%$ imp]ial gr&eur1 ! great pa/1 ! iron ,middle ,ages1 ) su* notable traits4 ,h[ pla9 9 8 h]oic greatness /&s ! mighty conqu]or ( ! ,saxons by ! ov]?r[n pagan idols2 h[ simply & maje/ically does he m>* into conqu]$ ,pavia4 ,:at an inexorable & irresi/ible w>rior he seems1 z he rages among/ ! ,moors :o flock r\nd ! c>s ( _! idols2 & ) :at grave phantom dignity does he gaze 9 dea? ^u ! "y ,emp]or ,otto1 :o has =c$ 8 way into 8 vault1 & kneels trembl+ be=e ! lifeless frame ( 8 great =efa!r4 ,!re is no ve/ige ( pose1 no?+ sup]flu\s2 ev]y:]e simplicity1 compression1 lucidity4 ,only :at is necess>y is inscrib$ "h1 9 ! lapid>y /yle4 ,no mean+less phrase int]rupts 8 n>rative2 ! inn] mean+ is nev] sacrific$ to any ext]nal beauty ( l9e2 8 =ms l 8 ?\ghts are sev]e & precise4 ,he draws ) a sure h& 9 crisp l9es1 l a writ] :o aims at ! utmo/ brevity & s lays especial emphasis on 8 s5t5ces & words4 ,! self-revelation 9 ^! pictures is admirable--! illum9at+ cle>ness ) :i* !y tell :at !y h to say )\t ! aid ( any comm5tator1 ! directness ) :i* !y pres5t 9 an arti/ic aspect ! sub/ance to be giv54 ,& ) ?is sub/ance ! pa9t+ corresponds4 ,x is to be deplor$ t ,re!l himself c\ld c>ry out 9 col\r only f\r ( 8 designs1 & t ! completion ( ! re/ 0 entru/$ to ! pa9t] ,kehr51 :o spoilt by 8 ef=t aft] *>m ( col\r ! collective impression ( ! s]ies4 ,! pictures pa9t$ by ,re!l himself are1 9 ! simplicity ( _! col\r+1 9 rem>kable accordance ) ! p[]ful /yle ( 8 draw+4 ,re!l's pa9t+ has some?+ /]n & grey1 b>e & sombre4 ,he belongs to ! /yli/s ^: implem5t is r *>coal ?an ! bru%2 b he _h1 al?\gh no col\ri/1 a free comm& ( col\r1 & nev] committ$ any fault ( ta/e1 b ) a rem>kably sure in/9ct us$ col\r 9 ! mass1 simply1 b yet ) significant effect4 ,he might h be5 ! man to create a monum5tal ,g]man art4 ,a tragic de/9y6 ,he9ri* von ,klei/1 ! greate/ ,g]man poet ( ! po/-classical age1 :o 0 *os5 = s high a vocation1 ! creation ( a new dramatic /yle1 %ot himself2 & ! giant1 ,alfr$ ,re!l1 0 to end 9 madness4 ,b>ely =ty ye>s old 0 he :5 he walk$ by ! w>d]'s side 9 ! c\rty>d at ,dsseldorf1 pick+ up fl9t-/ones1 a poor1 simple madman4 ,only two s]ies ( designs ensure1 ap>t f ! frescoes at ,aix1 ! immortality ( 8 "n3 ,hannibal's ,passage ov] ! ,alps1 & ! ,dance ( ,dea?4 ,z a draughtsman1 j z a pa9t] ( frescoes1 he is ! same ,titan1 s\nds ! same /]n1 manly note4 ,"h ! h]oic ho/s ( ! ,c>?ag9ians /& anxi\s1 yet resolv$1 at ! foot ( ! grim ,alp9e pass2 /eep1 beetl+ cliffs1 precipice1 ice & sn[1 t[] be=e !m4 ,n[ ! climb beg9s1 & ! /ruggle ) ! fi]ce1 b>b>ic folk ( ! m\nta9s1 :o sw+ !mselves on leap+-pole l wild animals ov] ! gap+ crevices 9 ! ice4 ,yond] are m51 horses1 an elephant1 hurl$ into ! abyss2 "s h spitt$ !mselves on jagg$ bran*es ( trees 9 _! fall1 o!rs tw9e !mselves toge!r 9 horrible coils2 at la/ ! mo/ advanc$ h rea*$ ! heights1 & ! h]oic figure ( ! comm&] po9ts out pr\dly to !m1 z !y brea! once m1 ! pla9s ( ,italy4 ,ov] 8 second "w !re broods ! %ad[ ( t m5tal d>kness :i* 0 to surr\nd him4 ,:51 9 ! ye> #ahdh1 ! political /orm bur/ ov] ! soil ( ,europe1 ,re!l's fantasy reap$ a ri* h>ve/4 ,he drew 8 ,dance ( ,dea?1 repres5t$ ,dea? ! ,levell]1 :o drives poor fools beh9d ! b>ricades4 ,! gho/ly & spectral1 t horror ( dea? t breaks 9 ^u u 9 ! mid/ ( life1 _h be5 ! prop5sity ( ,g]man art s9ce ,dr] & ,holbe94 ,l !m1 ,re!l lov$ ! _w ( ! diabolical1 & simil>ly *ose = 8 embodim5t ( x ! /urdy1 simple cont\rs ( ! old ,g]man wood engrav+s4 ,dea? z ! h]o ( revolution makes a comm5cem5t4 ,!re he rides z ! t[n-execution]1 a cig> betwe5 8 lips1 8 scy! 9 8 h&4 ,he sits %ambl+ 9 ! saddle1 8 smock & tall boots dangle on 8 bony figure4 ,dress$ l a *>latan1 he excites ! p be=e ! tav]n aga9/ ! rul]s1 t he may e>n 8 h>ve/ at ! b>ricade4 ,he himself /&s firm & pr\d1 l a g5]al on ! field ( battle1 ! flag 9 8 h&1 & ! bullets ( ! soldi]s :i/l+ h>mlessly ?r\gh 8 bony ribs4 ,b ! artisans :o foll[ him are n invuln]able z he is2 ! grape-%ot sweeps !m d[n (f ! b>ricade4 ,! conte/ is ov]2 triumphant1 ) a wrea? ( bay r\nd 8 skull1 mock+ v5om 9 8 glance1 ,dea? rides ) 8 bann] unfurl$ across ! b>ricade1 :]e ! dy+ wri! 9 _! gaunt dea?-/ruggle1 & *ildr5 bewail _! fall5 fa!rs4 ,! plate1 ,dea? z ! ,assass91 takes up ! /ory ( ! outbreak ( *ol]a at a mask$ ball 9 ,p>is4 ,9 t]rifi$ ha/e ! danc]s & musicians leave ! hall4 ,only "o mummy-l spectre1 ! ,*ol]a himself1 a %ape ( horror1 keeps 8 gr\nd1 z ?\gh turn$ to /one1 & holds ! triumphant sc\rge l a sceptre 9 8 bony h&4 ,dea?1 9 a dom9o1 ) two bones = a fiddle1 plays a call to ! dance2 & b5ea? ! awful s\nds ( 8 tune ! p1 /ret*$ on ! gr\nd1 9 sick convulsions1 gr9n+ ) di/ort$ features1 beh9d _! je/]s' masks1 twi/ & turn4 ,illu/ration3 ,,re!l4 ,,! ,,emp]or ,,otto ,,at ,,! ,,tomb ,,( ,,*>lemagne4 ,!re is some?+ ( ,?4 ,a4 ,h(mann's wild fantasy ( ! ague-fit 9 ?is picture1--some?+ morbid1 satanic1 t sugge/s ,flici5 ,rops2 yet1 at ! same "t1 some?+ s pi?y & virile1 & 9 =m s compress$1 well-balanc$1 & correct1 t x br+s ! old ,g]mans1 too1 to our recollection4 ,& ! reconciliation ) :i* ! s]ies ends is pa!tic4 ,9 ! high /eeple1 lit by ! rays ( ! sett+ sun1 ! grey old bellr+]1 8 worn h&s clasp$ 9 pray]1 has fall5 quietly asleep 9 8 arm*air4 ,a calm peace re/s ^u 8 good1 old1 dev\t c\nt5ance4 ,! ?9 h&s1 ) _! m>ks & furr[s1 tell a long tale ( h>d "w1 sorr[1 & long+ = re/4 ,& ! we>y vet]an has made a pilgrimage = ! heal? ( 8 poor s\l1 z prove ! pilgrim's hat & /aff by ! wall2 & n[ ,dea? has really come1 ! well-kn[n pres5ce inde$1 b ?is "t ) no gr9 ( mock]y1 r 9 pr(\nd pity4 ,9 8 +5i\s mann] ( giv+ an expression ( mock]y1 cold indiff]5ce1 or compassion to ! head ( ! skeleton1 ,re!l /&s on a level ) ,holbe94 ,to ! old r+]1 ,dea?1 :o be=e _h gr9n$ s diabolically1 is a g5tle & tru/$ fri5d4 ,quietly & p5sively he p]=ms ! task t ! old man has done s (t5 :5 he att5d$ ! dep>ture ( "s pilgrim ( e>? ) ! solemn notes ( 8 bell4 ,re!l himself _h /ill to drag ?r\gh _m ye>s 9 an obscure night ( ! _s be=e = him1 too1 ,dea?1 z ! fri5d1 rang ! knell4 ,illu/ration3 ,,re!l4 ,,! ,,de/ruction ,,( ,,! ,,pagan ,,idols4 ,& n[ = him :o 0 ! mo/ admirable ( !m all1 ,lady ,adv5ture's true knight4 ,ma/] ,s*w9d1 y are a g5ius & a ,romantici/4 ,?is /]eotyp$ complim5t 0 paid by ,k+ ,ludwig to ! pa9t] on ea* occasion t1 )\t buy+ any?+ ( him1 he visit$ 8 /udio4 ,& ) equal regul>ity ,s*w9d1 :5 he _h sat d[n aga9 at 8 easel1 aft] ! royal visit1 to smoke 8 pipe1 is said to h mutt]$ some?+ extremely disloyal4 ,9 ?is trait ! :ole ,s*w9d is already reveal$1--free f all ambition1 e in* an arti/4 ,w4 ,h4 ,riehl has describ$ a s]ies ( su* episodes1 :i* "o mu/ "k 9 ord] to und]/& ,s*w9d1 t highly gift$ *ild ( nature1 :o sep>ates himself f ! gr\p ( philosophical1 m$itative arti/s ( 8 age1 bo? z an individual & z an audaci\s1 orig9al g5ius ( eff]vesc5t wit4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,re!l4 ,,hannibal',s ,,passage ,,ov] ,,! ,,alps4 ,:5 an /hetic once hail$ him z ! creator ( an orig9al1 ,g]man k9d ( ideal1 romantic art1 ,s*w9d repeat$ v sl[ly1 weigh+ ea* ^w3 ',an orig9al1 ,g]man k9d ( ideal1 romantic art4' ,my de> sir1 to me !re are only two k9ds ( pictures1 ! sold & ! unsold2 & to me ! sold are always ! be/4 ,^? are my entire /hetics4 ,or a noble amateur comes to him ) ! reque/ t he w\ld take him j = a few days into 8 s*ool1 & in/ruct him especially 9 8 ma/]ly art ( draw+ 9 p5cil4 ,:]eupon ,s*w9d3 ,x does n require a day = t1 my de> ,b>on2 ,i c tell y 9 ?ree m9utes h[ ,i d x1 ,i c give y all ! desir$ in=mation at once4 ,"h lies my pap]1--k9dly rem>k x1 ,i buy x ( ,bull+]1 #f ,resid5z ,/rasse2 ^! are my p5cils1 ,a4 ,w4 ,fab]'s1 ,i get !m f ,&reas ,kaut1 #aj ,kauf+] ,/rasse2 f ! same firm ,i h ?is indi>ubb] too1 b ,i v seldom use x1 s t ,i use ?is p5knife all ! m1 to %>p5 ! p5cils2 x's f ,tres*1 #aj ,di5]sgasse1 & v good value4 ,n[1 ,i h all ^! ?+s ly+ toge!r on ! table1 & a few ?\ghts 9 my head z well2 !n ,i sit d[n "h & beg9 to draw4 ,& n[ y "k all t ,i c tell y4 ,aga9 he asks to be decorat$ ) an ord]1 because he is a%am$ to mix 9 su* a nak$ condition ) 8 be/>r$ confrres1 & aft] ! be/[al ( ! desir$ decoration he says3 ,i wore x only once1 at ! la/ ,new ,ye>'s leve1 b ,i v[$ at ! same "t t six horses %\ld n drag me !re aga94 ,be=e1 !re 0 at any rate a beautiful que5 !re1 & !n ! c\rt ladies laugh$ at "o2 b among/ m5 only1 ! /upidity ( x is n to be endur$4 ,:5 he grumbles ov] commissions :i* h be5 giv5 to o!rs1 & adds good-temp]$ly1 ,inde$1 ,i'm an envi\s fell[2 :5 he pa9ts ! mo/ delicate pictures & !n gr[ls1 ,:at am ,i to d ) ! ?+s1 if nobody buys !m8 :5 he indulges 9 outbur/s ( wra?1 & a m9ute lat] has =gott5 aga9 ! abusive words :i* ! o!rs spitefully br+ up aga9/ him ye>s aft]w>ds1--!n "h1 too1 8 happy hum\r =ces its way ev]y:]e1 t div9e navet :i* =ms ! s\l ( 8 & ( all true art4 ,illu/ration3 ,,re!l4 ,,dea? ,,at ,,! ,,mask$ ,,ball4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,re!l4 ,,dea? ,,! ,,fri5d ,,( ,,man4 ,s*w9d rema9s a p]sonality by himself--! la/ ( ! ,romantici/s1 & "o ( ! mo/ amiable manife/ations 9 ,g]man art4 ,he 0 free f ! malady ( t %am ,romanticism :i* s\ght ! salvation ( art 9 ! resurrection ( ! ,middle ,ages1 misund]/ood1 & grasp$ s5tim5tally1 & z x 7 by /5cil4 ,he 0 spiritually p]meat$ by t :i* _h giv5 ,romanticism ! capacity to exi/3 ! s5se ( t =gott5 & imp]i%able _w ( beauty :i* x has aga9 discov]$4 ,! o!rs s\ght = ! blue fl[]1 ,s*w9d f\nd x2 resuscitat$ 9 all its fary beauty t fair night ( en*antm5t :i* holds ! m9d captive4 ,he incorporat$ ! romantic idea 9 pa9t+ z ,web] did 9 music1 & 8 works1 l ! ,freis*tz1 w live = ev]4 ,_m a man li/5$ to him hold+ =? ^u wat]-nymphs1 gnomes1 & tricksy kobolds1 z ( be+s ( ^: exi/5ce he appe>$ to h no d\bt :atev]4 ,on "o occasion1 :ile out walk+ ne> ,eis5a* 9 ! ,anna?al1 a fri5d laugh+ly obs]v$ to him t ! l&scape really look$ z if gnomes _h made ! pa?way & _h _h _! dwell+s !re4 ,don't y believe x 0 s8 ,i believe x1 answ]$ ,s*w9d 9 all s]i\sness4 ,he liv$ 9 ! _w ( leg5d & fairy-tale4 ,if ev] a fairy /ood beside ! cradle ( a mortal man1 assur$ly !re 0 "o /&+ by ,s*w9d's2 & all 8 life long he believ$ 9 h] & rav$ ab\t h]4 ,born 9 ! l& :]e ,neidh>t ( ,neu5?al _h sung & ! ,p>son ( ! ,kahl5b]g _h dwelt1 to 8 eyes ,g]many 0 ov]%ad[$ ) anci5t ,teutonic oaks3 = him1 elves hov]$ ab\t wat]spr+s & /reams1 _! :ite robes trail+ beh9d !m ?r\gh ! dewy grass2 a race ( gnomes held _! habitation on ! m\nta9 heights1 & wat]-nymphs ba!d 9 e pool4 ,9 him "p ( ! ,middle ,ages came back to life1 n 9 livid1 corpse-l pallor1 b fann$ by ! revivify+ brea? ( ! pres5t day4 ,= t is :at is notewor?y ab\t ,s*w9d2 he is a ,romantici/1 yet at ! same "t a g5u9e1 mod]n *ild ( ,vi5na4 ,!re are ?ree ?+s 9 ea* ( :i* ,vi5na /&s supreme3 h]s are ! faire/ wom51 ! sweete/ songs1 & ! mo/ beautiful waltzes4 ,! atmosph]e ( ,vi5na s5ds =? a s(t & s5sual brea? :i* encircles u z ?\gh ) wom5's arms2 songs & dances slumb] 9 ! air1 wait+ only = a call to be awak5$4 ,vi5na is a place = enjoym5t r ?an = "w1 = p5sive dream+ r ?an = sob] wakefulness ( m9d4 ,moritz ,s*w9d 0 a *ild ( ?is city ( beautiful wom51 songs1 & dances1 z may be obs]v$ 9 ! fem99e nature ( 8 art1 9 its melody & rhy?m3 9 music1 inde$1 x _h its s\rce4 ,9 song-s++1 bell-r++ ,vi5na x 0 difficult = him to guess 9 :at direction 8 tal5ts lay2 b all 8 life long he kept an op5 eye = ! *>ms ( beautiful womanhood4 ,no arti/ ( t "t has creat$ loveli] =ms ( wom51 be+s ) s great a *>m ( maid5ly fre%ness & mode/ grace4 ,in/ead ( ! goddesses1 h]o9es1 & nun-l female sa9ts1 ^: appe>ance dat$ f ! ,italy ( ! ,c9quec5to1 ,s*w9d depict$ mod]n fem99e *>m4 ,! gr\p ( ladies 9 ,ritt] ,kurt is1 ev5 to ! movem5t ( _! glov$ f+]s1 graceful 9 ! mod]n s5se4 ,he 0 a pa9t] ( love--a brea? ( ,walt] von d] ,vogelweide's ideal p]fection ( womanhood p]vades 8 pictures4 ,dur*ssset und geblmet s9d die re95 ,frau51 ,es w>d nie ni*ts s ,wonnigli*es anzus*au51 ,9 ,lft51 auf ,erd51 no* 9 all5 grn5 ,au54 ,s*w9d1 too1 pa9t$ frescoes1 & 9 !m he is v unequal4 ,all 8 life long he compla9$ ( ! lack ( important commissions2 x 0 =tunate = him t he did n get m ( !m4 ,su* a pa9t] z he c execute no ord]s b 8 own1--j z good poems d n come to ord]4 ,a long li/ ( wall pa9t+s--! ,tieck room & ! figure-frieze 9 ! ,habsburg ,hall ( ! new palace at ,muni*1 ! frescoes 9 ! ,kun/hall & 9 ! ,hall ( ,assembly ( ! ,upp] ,h\se at ,k>lsruhe1 ^? 9 ! ,ca/le ( ,hoh5s*wangau1 ev5 ! !atre pieces 9 ! loggia & 9 ! foy] ( ! ,vi5na ,op]a ,h\se--c\ld be easily /ruck out ( ,s*w9d's "w1 )\t detrim5t to 8 reputation4 ,only :5 ! subject p]mitt$ him to /rike a simple note ( fairy music 0 he *>m+ ev5 9 8 wall-pa9t+s1 & !re=e ^? :i* depict sc5es f ! life ( ,/4 ,elizabe? 9 ! ,w>tburg are rightly ! mo/ celebrat$4 ,l ,re!l 9 ! field ( ! h]oic1 s ,s*w9d 9 t ( romantic leg5d rea*$ ! goal :i* ! =m] kept be=e 8 eyes1 = ! revivify+ ( ! "t :5 !re 0 an en?usiasm = fresco pa9t+4 ,8 pa9t+s are poor 9 col\r1 motley1 magic-lant]n views 9 ! /yle ( ! h]aldically treat$ figures se5 9 ! frescoes & /a9$ glass ( ! ,romanesque & e>ly ,go?ic ,middle ,ages1 & yet 9 e l9e z delightful z ! man himself4 ,n[h]e d we f9d gl>+ contra/s1 n[h]e any viol5t agitation 9 ! expression ( ! faces4 ,x is by ! avoidance ( all l&scape accessories1 & by a h>dly noticeable *ange 9 ! simple plant-ornam5tation 9 ! backgr\nd1 t ! ev5ts repres5t$ are made to lose t\* ) actual reality4 ,9 ! fir/ picture1 bright-hu$ birds flit "h & !re among ! rose-bran*es =m+ ! decorative "w2 9 t :i* treats ( ,/4 ,elizabe?'s expulsion1 ! ,w>tburg rises 9 ! backgr\nd1 :ile little s++ angels are p]*$ ^u ! b\ghs ( ! b>e w9t]-/ripp$ trees t ov]look ! mis]able cell 9 :i* ,/4 ,elizabe? dies4 ,a t\* ( ! true-he>t$ness ( ! anci5t ,teuton1 a brea? ( peacefulness1 p]meates ,s*w9d's ,w>tburg pictures l ! waft ( an angel's w+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,moritz ,,s*w9d4 ,graphis*e ,kn/e4 ,s*w9d1 l ,re!l1 is numb]$ among ! few arti/s ( t p]iod :o 7 able to pres]ve _! absolute simplicity aga9/ ! great pa9t]s ( ,italy4 ,i w5t into ! ,si/9e ,*apel1 he says ( 8 j\rney to ,rome1 gaz$ ^u ,mi*ael ,angelo's "w1 & saunt]$ back home to "w at my ',ritt] ,kurt4' ,i take ! greate/ possible pleasure 9 my pres5t picture1 al?\gh ! subject is absolutely crazy4 ,i love to pa9t trees & rocks & old walls1 & ,i h put pl5ty ( !m into x1 besides a fell[ on horseback & 9 full arm\r4 ,:at does x matt]8 ,"o mu/ "w accord+ to "o's natural capacity4 ,ev5 at ! "t :5 ,i 0 /udy+ at ,muni* ,i came to ! conclusion t t ( :i* ! m9d ( itself takes hold1 & t :i* takes hold ( x1 is ! "o only "r ?+ = e man :o has a vocation4 ,art consi/s ( ?is unconsci\s tak+ hold & be+ tak5 hold (4 ,deus 9 nobis4 ,& !re=e ! "y arti/ w d well to be c>eful 9 visit+ ! museums4 ,y g to ! gall]ies :]e ! works ( ! great ma/]s are to be se54 ,!re y see1 all at once & all toge!r 9 confusion1 works ( e s*ool & ( e era4 ,x is extremely likely t y are ov]:elm$ by ! mass1 & beauties ( e k9d1 belong+ to t5d5cies & epo*s altoge!r div]se1 %ake ! gr\nd "u y\r budd+ vocation1 & l fifty v>i\s climates influ5c+ a s+le plant1 arre/ a gr[? :i* is possible only 9 "o1 & t a fav\rable "o4 ,! imitation ( ! ,italians 9 especial c z a rule h only ! effect ( e/rang+ u f our own individuality1 a fact :i* 0 once aga9 fully borne 9 ^u me :5 ,i saw ,ov]beck's new alt>-piece 9 ! ,ca!dral ( ,cologne4 ,x may s\nd sev]e & uncall$-= f me1 b e man :o has =gott5 8 "m-tongue is tott]+ on 8 feet4 ,! imitation ( =eign]s is ! dang]\s bl9d alley into :i* our art has betak5 itself4 ,:5 ,i exhibit$ ',ritt] ,kurt' p said1 ',x is ,old ,g]man1' & =?) x /ood condemn$1 z if t 7 a disgrace1 & z if "o %\ld n r h salut$ ! fact ) joy1 z ! "r ?+ = u ,g]mans4 ,! art ( pa9t+ :i* ,i foll[ is ! ,g]man1 & glass-pa9t+ mu/ be tak5 z its f\ndation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s*w9d4 ,,f ,,! ,,w>tburg ,,frescoes4 ,9 ,s*w9d "o might imag9e an old ,g]man ma/] ( ! race ( ,albre*t ,altdorf] come to life aga94 ,9 ! small1 simple pictures ( l&scape & fairy-tale1 :i* ,c\nt ,s*ack has collect$ 9 8 private gall]y = ! quiet & dev\t enjoym5t ( ?\s&s1 he has giv5 u 8 be/ "w z a pa9t]4 ,yet ev5 8 pictures h ! fail+s ( 8 "t4 ,comp>$ ) ,dr]1 he seems l a gift$ amateur2 !re are manifold empty1 dead spaces to be obs]v$ among 8 figures2 _! action is at times misconceiv$ & puppet-l2 & 8 s5se ( col\r 0 always limit$4 ,"o may be p]mitt$ to look =w>d to "s ma/]1 at ! head ( a com+ epo* 9 art1 :o %all comb9e ) ,s*w9d's ,g]man fairy imag9ation ! s5su\s1 da%+ col\r-elf t possess$ ,boeckl94 ,!re might a s*ool ( art arise1 to foll[ = ! future ! pa? :i* ,franz ,/uck has /ruck out4 ,z to te*nique1 ,s*w9d 0 a *ild ( ! c>toon era2 z reg>ds t5d]ness ( feel+1 he is a mod]n4 ,x is difficult to p]suade a non-,g]man ( ,s*w9d's greatness1 9 pres5ce ( ! pictures2 b :5 !y are r$uc$ to black-&-:ite !y appeal to e "o4 ,! heliogravure enables "o to imag9e :at ! orig9al does n %[2 x incites ! s\l to fur!r poetic creation1 x ann\nces :at ,s*w9d w\ld be 7 he alive to-day4 ,an elfl& k+dom ( en*antm5t1 full ( g5u9e poetry & beauty1 op5s out be=e u2 a fairy g>d51 :]e ! blue fl[] p\rs =? ! :ole ( its s5se-b5umb+ p]fume4 ,c\nt von ,glei*52 ! boy's miracul\s horn2 ! m\nta9 _s ,rbezahl1 w&]+ along ?r\gh ! wild m\nta9 =e/2 ! h]mits2 ! elves' dance2 ! erlk+2 ! knight & ! wat] nymph1--!y are flood$ ) all ! en*antm5t ( ,romanticism1 !y possess deep feel+ )\t mawki%ness1 ! old-,g]man note ( fairy leg5d & ,hans ,meml9c's *ildlike simplicity1 yet at ! same "t ! life ( ! pres5t day1 full ( feel+ & ri* 9 delicate %ades4 ,h[ /rong & brave are ! m52 h[ t5d]1 noble1 & *>m+ ! wom56 ,:at a mode/1 maid5ly art x is6 j z its ma/] 0 an innoc5t1 h>mless1 & joy\s be+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s*w9d4 ,,f ,,! ,,w>tburg ,,frescoes4 ,8 works1 9 comp>ison ) ^? ( 8 contempor>ies1 :o 7 devis+ sy/ems by means ( :i* art %\ld be br\ght back to ! classical1 be> ! /amp ( nave creations 9 :i* no hypocrisy1 no decorative no?+ness f9ds expression4 ,z aga9/ ! erudite treatises ( ! ,cornelius s*ool1 !y prea*$ = ! fir/ "t ! doctr9e1 t 9 works ( art :at is important is n ! quantity ( le>n+ display$ !re91 b ! quality ( ! feel+ exhibit$4 ,) all _! inequalities1 all _! incorrectness1 all _! weak po9ts1 !y are inspir$1 sung1 dream$1 & n put toge!r 9 cold blood accord+ to recipes3 9 !m is ! pulsation ( a human he>t1 a t5d] human he>t full ( delicate feel+4 ,?is x is :i* con/itutes 8 magical attraction to-day1 :i* makes him ! firm bond ( connection betwe5 ! mod]ns4 ,he 0 no imitator1 no s\lless calligraphi/ p]=m+ labori\s s*ool ex]cises aft] ! mann] ( ! old ma/]s2 he spoke ! language ( 8 "t4 ,he 0 "o ( ! fir/ :o at t "t laid aside ! prejudice aga9/ mod]n co/ume1 & 9 8 ,symphony turn$ to arti/ic acc\nt1 9 "o fanta/ic :ole1 ev5 ,franz ,la*n]'s frockcoat & ,frule9 ,hetz5eck]'s mod]n society toilette4 ,if y may pa9t a man hidd5 9 an iron /ove--:at is call$ a knight 9 arm\r--y may /ill m p]missibly pa9t a man 9 a frockcoat4 ,9 g5]al1 "o c pa9t :at "o w1 provid$ always t "o wills :at "o c4 ,& x 0 only by means ( ?is pres5t-day temp] t ,romanticism c\ld f9d s full-ton$ an expression 9 8 works4 ,only because he 0 truly a citiz5 ( ! pres5t day & felt its blood beat+ 9 8 ve9s1 c\ld he feel ! cong5ial elem5ts ( ! pa/4 ,to him ! old-"t leg5ds 7 no antiqu>ian1 erudite1 p$antic lumb]2 !y 7 a "p ( himself1 & he int]pret$ !m 9 m *ildlike simplicity ( mann] & ) m delicate feel+ ?an any arti/ ( =m] times1 because he obs]v$ !m ) ! eye ( ! pres5t age1 ) an eye made ke5 ) long+4 ,j z 9 8 ,w$d+ ,j\rney he rais$ all reality into ! poetry ( pure/ romance1 s is 8 ,romanticism saturat$ ) a s5se ( reality *>g$ ) memories ( home4 ,out ( 8 fairy-tale pictures is brea!d a *>m+ fragrance ( ! long-vani%$ days ( e>?'s fir/ spr+tide1 & yet = t v reason a brea? ( ! mo/ mod]n ,dcad5ce4 ,he is di/+ui%$ f ,m>es & ,burne-,jones1 f ,puvis de ,*avannes & ,gu/ave ,moreau1 by a v unmod]n attribute--he is bur/+ ) heal?4 ,he is /ill navely *ildlike1 free f t elegiac melan*oly1 t temp] ( we>y resignation1 :i* ! end ( ! n9ete5? c5tury fir/ br\ght into ! _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s*w9d4 ,,wiel& ,,! ,,smi?4 ,illu/ration3 ,neft1 ,helio4 ,,s*w9d4 ,,f ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,sev5 ,,rav5s4 ,yet ,s*w9d 0 "o ( ! fir/ to feel & give expression to t mod]n s5se ( long+ desire :i* turns back f a n]v\s1 col\rless age1 f ! pros9ess ( ev]yday life1 t[>ds a vani%$ ,saturnian era1 :5 man /ill liv$ at peace & undi/urb$ 9 happy union ) nature4 ,= ev5 ?is proclaims him our contempor>y1 t ! temp] ( 8 pictures develops itself f ! l&scape4 ,a l&scape pa9t] ?r\gh & ?r\gh--almo/ 9 ,boeckl9's s5se1 :o trans=m$ ! temp] ( ,nature into ! contemplation ( liv+ be+s--he spoke ( ! re/ & peace ( ,g]man =e/s1 ( t h\r ( summ]'s night :5 no w9d bl[s1 no leaflet moves1 :5 to ! solit>y w&]] 9 ! woods ! mi/s ris+ f ! mead[s are trans=m$ into :ite veils ( ! elves1 & ! gold-rimm$ waves ( ! sea into ! yell[ hair ( m]maids frolick+ 9 ! moonlight to ! magic notes ( _! gold5 h>ps4 ,he felt & lov$ 8 l&scapes r ?an /udi$ !m1 yet !y are saturat$ ) an entirely mod]n s5tim5t = ,nature4 ,no ,g]man1 at t "t1 _h caught & und]/ood ! int]weav+ ( ! =e/ b\ghs ) su* intimate famili>ity4 ,! fre% sun%9e ( ! morn+ breaks ?r\gh ! light gre5 ( ! "y bee*es1 & leaps f b\gh to b\gh1 trans=m+ ! glitt]+ dewdrops into diamonds1 & ! beetle1 creep+ com=tably ov] ! s(t moss1 into gold & preci\s /ones4 ,da gehet leise na* se9] ,weise d] liebe ,h]rgott dur* d5 ,wald 7,! de> ,god holy1 ,he passe? sl[ly1 z ,8 wont is1 ?r\gh ! wood74 ,) a few boldly drawn l9es & light col\rs we are transport$ into ! mid/ ( ! =e/ _w1 & all ar\nd u op5+ buds & v]dur\s gre51 sweet sc5ts1 & ! murmur ( leaves4 ,:5 "o has set "o's love & joy on a beautiful tree s fully1 he said to ,ludwig ,ri*t]1 "o depicts all "o's love & joy ) x1 & !n ! tree looks q diff]5t f an ass's f9e daub ( :at he ?9ks x %\ld be4 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t1 ,helio4 ,,s*w9d4 ,a ,,h]mit ,,lead+ ,,horses ,,to ,a ,,pool4 ,only s intimate a connection ) ,nature c\ld enable ,s*w9d to imag9e l&scapes1 :i* 9 _! virg9al old-_w mood =m at once ! e*o ( ! figures & ( _! actions4 ,^! gre5 mead[s & fl[]-bespr5t hills1 ^! gloomy wood$ slopes1 ^! smoo? valleys ?r\gh :i* glitt]+ wat]s glide murmur+ along1 are fit & suitable dwell+-places = ! delicate fabul\s be+s ( ! fl[]-entw9$ old fairy leg5ds4 ,s*w9d liv$ ) ,nature4 ,he gave ! "n ( ,tanneck 7,fir-tree ,corn]7 to ! little c\ntry h\se :i* he built = himself on ! ,/>nb]g] ,see1 & ! fre% sc5t ( p9ewood1 ! ru/l+ s\nd ( ,g]man =e/s1 p\r =? f 8 pictures4 ,l "y ,siegfri$1 he und]/ood ! language ( birds1 & w5t eavesdropp+ to he> :at ! p9e trees :isp]$ to "o ano!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s*w9d4 ,,! ,,w$d+ ,,j\rney4 ,/ill fre]1 m spontane\s1 & light] ?an 9 8 oil pa9t+s 0 8 t\* 9 8 wat]-col\rs1 9 :i* ! col\r is only brea!d ov] ! =ms l a delicate vap\r2 & q especially 9 8 illu/rations--s f> z ! ^w may be employ$ ) respect to him1 = he nev] illu/rat$1 he gave %ape to 8 own ?\ghts1 & t only :i* mov$ 8 inn]mo/ be+ he br\ght fully =m$ be=e "o's eye4 ,! ,bild]bog5 & ! ,flieg5de ,bltt] ( ,muni* obta9$ f him witty & humor\s inv5tions1 su* z ,! ,almond ,tree1 ,puss 9 ,boots1 ,! ,peasant & ! ,donkey1 ,h]r ,w9t]1 & ,! ,acrobat ,games4 ,8 faire/ legacy consi/s ( ?ree cyclic works3 ,c9d]ella1 ,! ,sev5 ,rav5s1 & ,! ,beautiful ,melus9a2 :]e9 he glorifi$ ) praise ! beauty & fidelity ( wom51 & _! capacity = self-sacrifice4 ,c9d]ella1 :i* appe>$ 9 #ahee1 at ! ,muni* ,exhibition1 is a fairy-tale1 ?an :i* poet has seldom1 inde$1 n>rat$ a *a/]1 t5d]]1 or m fragrant4 ,9 #aheh foll[$ ! t\*+ /ory ( ! good si/] :o releases h] bro!rs by d9t ( unspeakable suff]+ & endurance1 to-day ! priceless pe>l among ! gems ( ! ,weim> collection4 ,= tw5ty ye>s1 z he said1 ! "w _h be5 9 8 ?\ghts4 ,s f> back z 9 #ahdd he wrote to ,g5elli3 ,i believe t x w give some?+ :i* may please p :o h a s5se = love & fai?fulness1 & = a t\* ( ! p[] ( en*antm5t4 ,:5 an acqua9tance ( 8 gaz$ ^u x ) dismay1 & +5u\sly ask$ = :om ! ?+ 0 int5d$1 & :i!r x 0 to g1 ,s*w9d turn$ 8 p5etrat+1 fla%+ little eyes ^u him1 & !n said3 ,d y "k1 ,i pa9t$ t = myself2 x is ! dream ( my life2 no "o %all buy x2 "s day ,i %all give x to a fri5d4 ,x is an imp]i%able "w1 full ( grace1 mode/y1 & *>m4 ,s*w9d takes ! /ory up at ! fateful mom5t :5 ! lonely maid51 :o is det]m9$ to release h] en*ant$ bro!rs by assidu\s sp9n+ & con/ant sil5ce1 is discov]$ by a hunt+ p>ty4 ,!re1 amid ! en*antm5t ( ! =e/ solitude1 %e sits 9 ! holl[ ( a tree & sp9s away at ! sev5 %irts1 to free h] sev5 bro!rs4 ,?us ! k+'s son cat*es sight ( h]4 ,! fire ( love k9dles 9 8 eyes4 ,9 "o long kiss ! maid5 gives h]self to him4 ,! w$d+ takes place1 & l ano!r ,/4 ,elizabe? %e is se5 /&+1 soon aft]w>ds1 di/ribut+ alms to />v+ begg>s4 ,yet1 mean:ile1 %e has fall5 "u suspicion ow+ to h] cont9u\s sil5ce2 ev5 h] husb& becomes di/ru/ful1 because 9 ! quiet ( night he has obs]v$ t %e is n re/+ by 8 side1 b is quietly up & sp9n+4 ,& ! cata/rophe comes :5 ! sil5t que5 gives bir? to tw9s1 :o1 to ! horror ( all ar\nd1 fly (f 9 ! =m ( rav5s4 ,tranquil & affectionate1 ! "y "m awaits h] fate4 ,!n foll[ ! s5t5ce ( ! ,vehm-tribunal1 ! pa!tic p>t+ f h] husb&1 ! prep>ation = dea?4 ,!re is only "o h\r m to pass by be=e ! sev5 ye>s are ov] & ! spellb\nd bro!rs set free4 ,! good fairy appe>s 9 ! air1 h\r-glass 9 h&1 & br+s solace to ! h>d-press$ h]o9e4 ,! begg>s1 too1 ^: b5efactress %e _h be51 br+ help1 & hold ! gate ( ! dungeon 9 =ce4 ,s ! "t runs out1 ! spell is brok51 & ! bro!rs ha/51 on milk-:ite horses1 to save _! si/] f ! /ake4 ,9 ,s*w9d's m>vell\s draw+s ! /ory passes quickly on1 /roke by /roke1 deeply mov+ & s\l-/irr+ 9 its dramatic =ce4 ,! ,beautiful ,melus9a 0 ! kiss ( ! wat]-nymph1 ) :i* ,romanticism l$ h] fai?ful knight to 8 dea?1 only to disappe> toge!r ) him out ( ,g]man art4 ,! w9t] has dealt me a sore bl[2 ,i %all nev] be able to d any?+ m4 ,c>l ,m>ia von ,web] & ,uhl& _h already gone be=e2 ,s*w9d 0 ly+ on 8 sick-b$ :5 ! ,g]man victories creat$ a ,g]man fa!rl&4 ,he le>n$1 h[ev]1 all ! long s]ies ( glori\s tid+s t came f ! field ( w>1 saw ! tumultu\s joy & ! dazzl+ sea ( fire :i* surg$ ?r\gh ,muni* 9 ,janu>y #ahga1 & he>d ! joyful news t ,g]many 0 at la/ unit$4 ,!n he _h a glass ( *ampagne p\r$ out = him1 & drank x to ! new empire & ! future ( ! nation4 ,9 ! middle ( a wood ( l(ty bee*es 9 ,b]nri$] ,p>k1 on ! ,/>nb]g] ,see1 !re /&s a small rotunda1 )9 is a prattl+ f\nta91 "r r\nd ! walls runs a frieze1 depict+ ! leg5d ( ! ,beautiful ,melus9a4 ,x is ,s*w9d's monum5t4 ,) him ,g]man ,romanticism p]i%$2 reality itself _h n[ become s m>vell\s4 ,:51 9 #ahej1 ,hbn] _h to pa9t a figure ( ,g]mania = a page 9 ,k+ ,ludwig's album1 he depict$ a que5ly woman1 prone on ! gr\nd1 ) h] face 9 ! du/1 amid/ a desolate l&scape & "u a cl\dy sky4 ,! cr[n has fall5 f h] head & a skull lies by h] side1 :ile on ! frame are inscrib$ ^! words f ! ,book ( ,lam5tations3 ,m9e eye runne? d[n ) riv]s ( wat] = ! de/ruction ( ! daught] ( my p2 ! cr[n ( our head is fall54 ,:5 ,s*w9d di$1 ,g]many _h re-aris54 ,9 ! v ye> ( 8 dea?1 ,l5ba* pa9t$ 8 fir/ ,bism>ck pictures3 9 ,bism>ck 0 embodi$ t p[] by means ( :i* ! dream ( a nation 0 fulfill$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s*w9d4 ,,nymphs ,,& ,,/ag4 ,?us ,s*w9d's works are n only ! sign ( a complet$ p]iod 9 ,g]man hi/ory1 b also at ! same "t bo? ! climax & ! conclusion ( an art-epo*4 ,s*w9d _h liv$ ?r\gh ! entire revolution :i* ,g]man pa9t+ _h at t "t und]gone4 ,at 8 dea? ! s\nd ( ! hunt+ horns ( ,romanticism _h di$ away4 ,he _h liv$ long en\gh to h ! opportunity ( criticis+ neatly1 z foll[s1 ! dry1 unpoetical s*ool ( hi/orical pa9t+ !n mak+ its appe>ance1 z if introduc$ by gaudily co/um$ models1 a s*ool :i* made its fir/ hit ) ,less+'s ,ezzel9o3 ,i w expla9 ! picture to y4 ,ezzel9o is seat$ 9 8 dungeon1 & two monks are attempt+ to conv]t him4 ,"o ( !m recognises t all pa9s are ?r[n away ^u ! old s9n]1 & takes himself (f1 regretfully desi/+ f all fur!r endeav\r2 ! o!r /ill has hopes1 & cont9ues 8 exhortations4 ,b ,ezzel9o only keeps 8 angry gaze fix$ be=e him1 mutt]+1 ',leave me alone6 ,don't y see t ,i am--pos+ z a model6' ,he _h _h occasion to write to 8 fri5d ,bau]nfeld3 ,i h se5 s _m s*ools ( s-call$ pa9t+ 9 my "t t x is an absolute horror to me2 he _h ask$ ,piloty3 ,:at calamity are y prep>+ = u n[8 & _h ?\ght x 8 duty to address to "o ( ! y\ng] pa9t]s ! "q3 ,are we !n an academy ( ! ,f9e or ( ! ,ugly ,arts8 ,a man l me1 ) 8 ideas1 walks l a gho/ amid ! battle ( ! virtuosi1 9 :i* ! :ole life ( art has gone a/ray1 he us$ sadly to say4 ,8 la/ wond]ful works /& alone 9 a "t :i* 0 dazzl$ by ! fla% ( arms *>act]is+ ! ,franco-,belgian s*ool ( art4 ,x 0 n till mu* lat] t ,hans ,?oma took up ! ?reads :i* connect ! "w ( ,s*w9d ) ! pres5t epo*4 ,:5 he di$ he 0 a solit>y1 isolat$ man tak+ leave ( a g5]ation 9 :i* he _h no "p4 ,! p]iod ( hi/orical pa9t+ :i* foll[$ him produc$ no s+le "w di/+ui%$ by ,s*w9d's s5se ( fragrant leg5d>y poetry4 ,! *>m+ =e/ fairy :o _h appe>$ to him %[$ h]self to no o!r2 l ! betray$ ,melus9a1 %e _h return$ to re/ aga91 solit>y1 9 h] f\nta9 home4 ,fantasy1 t5d] s\l t %e is1 _h tak5 w+s1 :i!r none c tell4 ,t is :y nobody has a s+le idea1 z ,s*w9d said 9 8 dra/ic way4 ,! ,muse ( ,s*w9d1 ! la/ ,romantici/1 0 a *a/e1 p5sive1 s\lful maid52 :ile t ( ,piloty1 ! fir/ col\ri/1 0 a noisy1 blood?ir/y ,megra4 ,yet "o c h no d\bt z to ! necessity ( ?is evolution>y *ange4 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t1 ,helio4 ,,s*w9d4 ,,rubezahl4 ,s*w9d himself is among ! ma/]s :o h be51 & are1 & %all be4 ,he 0 diff]5t f all t 0 aris+ ar\nd him2 he embodi$ ! _s ( ! future1 & ex]cises ov] ! art ( ! pres5t day s great an influ5ce t :]e two or ?ree pa9t]s are ga!r$ toge!r 9 ! "n ( ! beautiful1 he has 8 place 9 ! mid/ ( !m1 & is pres5t1 invisible1 at e exhibition4 ,b he ex]cises ?is influ5ce only spiritually4 ,"y arti/s /udy him z if he 7 a primitive ma/]4 ,enraptur$1 !y f9d 9 him all ^? qualities = :i* !re is to-day s ard5t a long+--innoc5t purity & t\*+ simplicity1 a my/ic1 romantic subm]sion 9 waves ( old-"t feel+ & a *>m+ y\?ful f]v\r4 ,!y d n /udy him 9 ord] to pa9t l him4 ,our heads are full ( poetry1 b we _c give x expression1 are ! words ) :i* ,cornelius himself *>act]is$ ?is p]iod4 ,g]many _h orig9al g5iuses inde$1 b no fully matur$ s*ool to comp>e ) ! ,fr5*2 z yet ! ,g]mans did n "k h[ to pa9t4 ,up to ?is "t ! c\rse ( pa9t+ 9 ,g]many _h be5 a bold b imprud5t flight ?r\gh ! air2 9 its ,kaulba*-l cl\d-heights x _h melt$ away to a %ad[1 only to fall aga91 some:at r\ghly1 to ! gr\nd4 ,x di$ ( an incurable disease--idealism4 ,! pa9t]s ( t "t1 "o & all1 _h nev] become real arti/s2 /rictly speak+1 !y _h always rema9$ amateurs4 ,he alone is a great arti/ 9 :om ! w & ! p]=mance1 ! sub/ance & ! =m1 are 9 complete accordance4 ,pa9t]s :o nev] knew exactly :at is meant by pa9t+1 arti/s ^: mo/ noticeable *>act]i/ic 0 t !y _h no art-capacity1 7 only possible 9 ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury 9 ,g]many1 :]e = t v reason !y 7 admir$ & prais$4 ,:at n[ began 0 a necess>y mak+ good :at _h be5 s long neglect$4 ,= craftsman%ip is ! necess>y presupposition ( all art1 :i* c no long] suff] any "o to be call$ a ma/] :o has n le>nt 8 bus9ess4 ,9 ! atmosph]e ( inc5se :i* surr\nd$ ,cornelius 9 ,muni*1 ! dogma t salvation 0 to be f\nd 9 ,g]man art alone1 & t ! ,g]man nation 0 ! *os5 p ( art1 _h rea*$ a height ( self-adoration :i* came ne> to megalomania4 ,9 ! pr\d en?usiasm ( ^? times1 great 9 _! aims z 9 _! errors1 ! ,g]mans _h z false an op9ion z possible ( ! art ( =eign c\ntries4 ,9 ! v ye>s :5 ! fir/ railways 7 ou/+ ! old mail-coa*es ! mutual int]*ange ( endeav\r & ability betwe5 ! v>i\s nations 0 sl[] & scanti] ?an ev] be=e4 ,h[ ,g]man arti/s _h w&]$ abroad 9 ! fifte5? & sixte5? c5turies1 9 t great age :5 ,dr] cross$ ! ,alps on ,pirkheym]'s pony1 & :5 ,holbe9 obta9$ f ,erasmus lett]s ( introduction = ,engl&6 ,) :at joy ,dr]1 9 8 lett]s & 9 8 j\rnal1 gives an acc\nt ( ! recognition accord$ him 9 arti/ic circles 9 ,italy & ! ,dut* cities6 ,ne>ly all ! ,g]man pa9t]s _h1 9 ! c\rse ( _! long w&]+s1 made acqua9tance ) ei!r ! ,ne!rl&s or ,italy4 ,!y knew exactly :at 0 go+ on 9 ! _w ar\nd !m4 ,dr] & ,raphael us$ to s5d draw+s to ea* o!r1 s z to "k ea* o!r's h&writ+4 ,x 0 only 9 ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury t ! ,g]mans1 once pr\d 9 ! consci\sness ( possess+ ! f9e/ compreh5sion (1 & ! greate/ receptivity =1 =eign intellectual w>es1 liv$ ap>t 9 timid isolation4 ,into ! suburban /ill-life ( ! ,g]man s*ools ( art n a s\nd made its way ( :at 0 tak+ place else:]e4 ,only ?us 0 x possible = ! ,g]mans to imag9e t among all mod]n nations !y alone _h a vocation = ,art4 ,no "o _h ! lea/ idea t 9 ,engl&1 ! l& ( ma*9es & beef/eaks1 !re 7 m5 :o pa9t$2 & p w5t s f> z to proclaim piety1 morality1 ?or\ghness1 accurate draughtsman%ip1 & dilig5t execution ! monopoly ( ,g]man art2 & sup]ficiality1 frivolity1 & empty /ra9+ aft] effect ! in]adicable national fail+ ( t ( ,france4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s*w9d4 ,,! ,,fairies' ,,song4 ,) "s su* ideas 9 _! heads ! majority ( ! ,g]man pa9t]s1 9 ! autumn ( #ahdc1 f\nd !mselves confront$ by ,gallait's ,abdication ( ,*>les ,v & ,bifve's ,agreem5t ( ! ,dut* ,nobility2 two ,belgian pictures :i* at t "t 7 go+ ! r\nd ( ! exhibitions 9 all ! l>g] t[ns ( ,g]many4 ,& x 0 n long be=e ! belief 9 ! old gods1 :i* _h = ?irty ye>s held sway 9 ! city ( ,k+ ,ludwig1 0 completely und]m9$ by ! y\ng] g5]ation4 ,ev5 = ! great gods1 day comes to an end4 ,night ( annihilation1 desc5d ) ! dusk6 ,diog5es expell$ f 8 philosophic tub c\ld n h felt m uncom=table ?an ! ,g]man pa9t]s 9 pres5ce ( ! ,belgian pictures4 ,z till !n ! incapacity to pa9t _h be5 belaud$ z "o ( ! /ronge/ possible pro(s ( ! high] arti/ic nature & ( g5u9e greatness1 s n[ x 0 p]ceiv$ t nev]!less1 on ! banks ( ! ,s*eldt & ( ! ,se9e1 a mu* great] s*ool ( pa9t+ 0 9 full bloom1 & produc+ spl5did fruit4 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,! ,,=]unn]s ,,( ,,romanticism ,,9 ,,france ,9 ,france ! fir/ decade ( ! c5tury gave no premonition ( ! p[]ful developm5t :i* 0 %ortly to take place 9 ,fr5* art4 ,a legion ( *>act]less pupils issu+ f ,david's /udio we>i$ ! _w ) _! aimless works1 & hurl$ _! ?und]bolts aga9/ all ris+ tal5t4 ,! au/]e catalogue ( ! ,salon 0 a pell-mell ( ,belis>ii1 ,tlmaques1 ,phdras1 ,electras1 ,brutuses1 ,psy*es1 & ,endymions4 ,girodet & ,gur9 we>i$ !mselves 9 putt+ on canvas ! *ief sc5es 9 ! classical trag$ies at t "t s frequ5tly p]=m$--,pygmalion & ,galatea1 ! ,dea? ( ,agamemnon1 & ! l--& pa9t$ portraits betwe5 times2 ,girodet's dry & poor1 ,gur9's solemnly vacant4 ,! univ]sal note 0 t ( t$ium4 ,franois ,gr>d alone1 ! ,k+ ( ,pa9t]s & ,pa9t] ( ,k+s1 survives1 at lea/ 9 8 portraits4 ,l ,david he is r$eem$ only by 8 portrait pa9t+1 & 8 successes 9 t direction eclipse ev5 ,mme4 ,vige-,lebrun1 ! amiable1 gift$1 & graceful pa9t] ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette's days4 ,at ! outbreak ( ! ,revolution %e _h left ,france4 ,ev]y:]e extoll$ & welcom$ ) op5 arms1 %e pa9t$ ,mme4 de ,/al 9 ,switz]l&1 & at ,naples ,lady ,hamilton1 ! fam\s beauty ( ! "t ( ! ,directory4 ,b :51 9 #ahaj1 %e return$ to ,p>is1 %e _h be5 =gott54 ,! day on :i* ,m>ie ,anto9ette pick$ up h] bru% = h]1 z ,*>les ,v _h done = ,titian1 0 to rema9 ! happie/ 9 h] life4 ,%e belong$ to ! ,anci5 ,rgime1 & al?\gh h] dea? did n take place till #ahdb1 at ! age ( eighty-sev51 h] "w 0 already ov] 9 #agib4 ,9 h] old age %e busi$ h]self 9 writ+ memoirs ( ! spl5d\r ( h] y\?ful days1 f ! fam\s my?ological d9n] 9 ! ,rue de ,clry1 :]e h] husb& appe>$ 9 ! "* ( ,p9d> & recit$ 8 translation ( ,anacreon's odes1 to ! triumphs :i* accompani$ h] j\rney r\nd ,europe4 ,gr>d took ! place :i* %e _h left vacant at h] dep>ture1 & fill$ x well1 especially 9 8 y\?4 ,:51 9 ! ,exhibition ( ,portrait ,pa9t+ held at ,p>is 9 #ahhe1 !re appe>$ ! lik5ess ( ,mlle4 ,brongni>t1 f ! collection ( ,b>on ,pi*on1 pa9t$ by ,gr>d 9 #agie1 at ! age ( tw5ty-five1 !re 0 g5]al a/oni%m5t at ! famili> & intimate grasp ( "* x display$4 ,! portrait ( ?is "y girl /&+ 9 h] :ite dress1 s tranquil & )\t pose1 has 9 ! firmness ( its draughtsman%ip ! au/]e *>m & dignity ( a ,bronz9o4 ,& lat] none c\ld give to ! ari/ocracy ( ,europe a nobl] or m natural be>+ ?an did ,gr>d1 :o became _! tri$ & tru/$ depict]3 yet 9 8 la/ days he desc5d$ into !atrical exagg]ation4 ,end[$ z he 0 ) all ! captivat+ qualities ( a cultur$ man ( ! _w1 he _h f ! beg9n+ avoid$ z ! plague ! revolution>y politics 9 :i* ,david 0 = "s "t engag$1 & :5 at ! in/ance ( ! eld] ma/] he 0 appo9t$ a memb] ( ! ,revolution>y ,tribunal1 he alleg$ illness 9 ord] to be abs5t f its sessions4 ,he 0 a man ( ! salons1 ! born pa9t] ( ! great _w1 8 h\se ! c5tre ( a di/+ui%$ circle ( society4 ,n a celebrity1 n an emp]or or k+1 b wi%$ to be pa9t$ by ,gr>d4 ,& j z he _h be5 ! *os5 portrait pa9t] ( ! ,bonap>te family1 s aft] ! ,re/oration he 0 /ill ! (ficial fav\rite ( ! ,c\rt4 ,joseph9e took ! fa%ionable pa9t] "u h] high protection1 ,napoleon's m>%als defil$ be=e him1 & ! ari/ocracy :i* return$ ) ,l\is ,,xviii vi$ ) "o ano!r = 8 fav\r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fran,,ois ,g,,r>d4 ,l',art4 ,gr>d's ?ree hundr$ portraits are a cont9u\s catalogue ( all ^? :o 9 ! fir/ qu>t] ( ! c5tury play$ any "p 9 ,france ^u ! political1 milit>y1 or lit]>y /age4 ,a man ( supple tal5t & f9e ta/es1 he completely satisfi$ ! desires ( a society :i*1 aft] ! /orm ( ! ,revolution1 op5$ its salons aga9 & re-e/abli%$ its =m] hi]>*y ( rank4 ,! portrait ) ri* backgr\nd ( uphol/]y1 & ! depict+ ( public c]emonies1 7 re9troduc$ by him into ! field ( art4 ,! p :om he pa9t$ are no long] citiz5s1 z ) ,david1 b pr9ces1 g5]als1 pr9cesses2 & _! surr\nd+s all[ ( no d\bt z to :e!r !y are to be address$ z ,sir1 z ,y\r ,s]5e ,highness1 or z ,y\r ,excell5cy4 ,no "o knew h[ to flatt] 9 s tactful a mann]1 p>ticul>ly 9 portraits ( ladies4 ,x 0 to him1 !re=e1 t ,mme4 ,rcami] _h rec\rse :5 %e 0 dissatisfi$ ) ,david's lik5ess ( h]4 ,gr>d's1 :i* %e de/9$ = ,pr9ce ,augu/us ( ,prussia1 "o ( h] admir]s1 gave ! fair ,juliette ! fulle/ satisfaction4 ,9 ! =m] %e 0 repres5t$ repos+ on a c\*1 au/]e & )\t *>m1 l a tragic muse4 ,"h %e sits 9 a pleasant1 lazy attitude ^u a *air1 9 a transp>5t robe :i* fully displays h] =m2 ab\t h] lips plays a half-melan*oly1 half-coquetti% smile1 & %e1 ! great actress :o _h turn$ s _m m5's heads1 gazes ) g5tle *ild-eyes z innoc5tly ^u ! _w z ?\gh %e believ$ ! /ory ab\t babies & ! /ork4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,g,,r>d4 ,,mlle4 ,,brongni>t4 ,! backgr\nd1 too1 t colonnade lead+ n[hi!r1 is *>act]i/ic ( ! *ange 9 ! mann] ( reg>d+ ?+s4 ,! old] s*ools ( pa9t+ _h1 9 ! case ( portraits1 manag$ ! treatm5t ( ! backgr\nd 9 two diff]5t ways4 ,! old ,dut* & ,g]mans--,jan van ,eyck & ,holbe9--aim$ at %[+ a man1 n only portray$ ) ! subtle/ fidelity to tru?1 b also 9 ! surr\nd+s 9 :i* he 0 usually or by pref]5ce to be f\nd4 ,! ,italians r5\nc$ all repres5tation ( su* sc5es1 & gave only a quiet1 neutral tone to ! backgr\nd4 ,gorge\s decorative sc5]y 0 introduc$ by ! c\rt pa9t] ,van ,dyck1 & s9ce ! second half ( ! sev5te5? c5tury _h cont9ually ris5 9 popul> fav\r4 ,mign>d1 ,lebrun1 & ,rigaud _h br\ght into fa%ion1 = portraits ( pr9cely p]sonages1 t /ately pill>$ ar*itecture1 ) broad velvet curta9s swell+ & desc5d+ 9 ample folds1 :i* at t "t 0 s rem>kably 9 keep+ ) ! :ole cut ( ! co/umes1 ) ! enorm\s full-bodi$ wigs & ! !atrical attitud9is+ ( t epo*4 ,= ! lik5esses ( g5]als & w>like pr9ces ! fav\rite backgr\nd 0 "o :i* repres5t$1 by means ( a numb] ( small figures1 entire battles1 m>*es1 sieges1 & s =?4 ,bo? ^! me?ods1 &1 toge!r ) !m1 t ( an ideal1 lightly indicat$ p>k l&scape1 7 put an end to by ! ,revolution1 "u ! influ5ce ( :i* all extravagant pomp1 n only 9 life1 b ev5 9 portrait pa9t+1 0 replac$ by an ascetic sobriety4 ,gr>d1 ! ,c\rt pa9t] ( ! ,b\rbons1 :o on _! return _h le>nt no?+ & =gott5 no?+1 re9troduc$ ! gorge\s pill> decoration1 :i* /ill rema9$ ! au?oritative /yle "u ,/iel] & ,w9t]halt]1 & has only 9 ! b\rgeois era ( to-day giv5 way to ! simple1 neutral-ton$ backgr\nd ( ! ,italians4 ,david1 by ! way1 nev] =gave ,mme4 ,rcami] = hav+ pref]r$ 8 pupil to himself4 ,:51 9 #ahje1 aft] ! completion ( ,gr>d's lik5ess ( h]1 %e approa*$ ,david on ! subject ( f9i%+ 81 he answ]$ drily3 ,madame1 arti/s h _! caprices z well z wom52 n[ x is ,i :o w n4 ,z an hi/orical pa9t] ,gr>d 0 an imitator ( ! mann]i/ ,girodet4 ,pa9t+s su* z ,daphnis & ,*loe1 or ! fam\s ,psy*e receiv+ ,cupid's fir/ kiss 7#agih71 made inde$ a great s5sation among ! ladies1 :o = "s "t aft]w>ds pa9t$ _! faces :ite1 to resemble ! g5tle ,psy*e2 b f ! arti/ic po9t ( view !y d n rise above ! ord9>y level ( ! ,classical s*ool4 ,z an hi/orical pa9t] he took mu* ! same c\rse z ,david2 he began z a ,revolutioni/ 9 #agie ) ! usual ,belis>ius1 & end$ z a ,royali/ ) a ,coronation ( ,*>les ,x4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,g,,r>d4 ,,madame ,,visconti4 ,! m /iff & sob] ! antique /yle ( ,david became1 ! soon] a c\nt]-curr5t 0 likely to arise1 & ! *ange ( ta/e %[$ itself fir/ 9 ! circum/ance t1 f #ahaj on1 a ma/] came m & m to ! front :o1 already old1 _h hi!rto liv$ 9 obscurity1 almo/ despis$ by 8 contempor>ies4 ,?is 0 ! amiable1 sympa!tic1 *>m+1 sweet1 & great ,prudhon1 ! l9eal desc5dant ( ,correggio1 a solit>y pa9t]1 ! gracefulness ( ^: art 0 at fir/ unappreciat$1 b :o1 z ! or?odox academicians began to be m & m t$i\s1 ex]cis$ a correspond+ly great] influ5ce ov] ! y\ng] g5]ation4 ,he is ! "o refre%+ oasis 9 ! des]t wild]ness ( ! ,classical s*ool4 ,:at a diff]5ce betwe5 him & ,david6 ,:5 ! elegant grace ( ,watteau fl$ f ! ,fr5* s*ool1 & ! new ,sp>tans dream$ ( f\nd+ a ,greek art1 ,david 0 ! h]o ( ?is busk9$ !atrical s*ool ( pa9t+4 ,he pa9t$ ,! ,horatii & ,brutus1 & ?\ght to br+ anci5t ,rome back to life by copy+ ! %apes ( old ,roman *airs & old ,roman swords4 ,t 0 ! antique /yle ( 8 fir/ p]iod4 ,lat]1 hav+ made ! discov]y t1 comp>$ ) ! ,greeks1 ! ,romans 7 semi-b>b>ians1 he ab&on$ ! ,roman /yle1 & ?\ght to make a great /ride =w>ds by copy+ ,greek /atues & c>efully transf]r+ !m to 8 pictures4 ,?is pure ,grecian "* is repres5t$ 9 8 ,rape ( ! ,sab9es4 ,lat] aga91 he turn$ to ! m anci5t ,greeks1 & ! result 0 ! mo/ academic ( 8 pictures1 8 ,leonidas4 ,a mixture ( dryness & declamatory pa?os2 dilig5ce )\t imag9ation2 able draughtsman%ip & an absolute incapacity ( draw+ any?+ :atev] )\t a model2 c>eful arrangem5t )\t ! slighte/ trace ( t gift ( ! inn] vision :]eby ! :ole is br\ght complete & f9i%$ be=e ! eye1--^! exhau/ ! li/ ( ,david's qualities4 ,by means ( ca/+ & copy+ he ?\ght to come ne> to t art ( ! antique ^: s\l he dream$ ( embrac+1 :5 he held b its skeleton 9 8 h&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,g,,r>d4 ,,cupid ,,& ,,psy*e4 ,& mean:ile1 away f ! broad high-road1 & almo/ unnotic$1 0 liv+ t pa9t] :om ,david contemptu\sly call$ ! ,b\*] ( 8 "t4 ,he x 0 :o truly *]i%$ ! gods ( ,greece 9 8 he>t1 "u ^: bru% ! dead /atues began to brea! & to feel ! blood fl[+ 9 _! ve9s1 z 9 ! old days :5 ! ,r5aissance dug !m out ( ! gr\nd4 ,8 appe>ance on ! /age indicates ! fir/ prote/ aga9/ ! rigid sy/em pursu$ by ! pa9t] ( ! ,horatii & ( ,brutus4 ,prudhon also believ$ 9 ! antique1 b he saw !re9 a grace :i* no ,classici/ _h ev] se52 he also contra/$ ! simplicity ( ! ,grecian pr(ile ) ! caprici\s1 wr9kl$ =ms ( ! rococo /yle2 he too _h sp5t 8 y\? 9 ,italy1 b _h n ?\ght x crim9al to /udy ,leon>do & ,correggio2 he did n b9d himself ei!r to cold sculpture or to ! delicate morbidezza ( ! ,lomb>ds z ! only means ( grace4 ,he rema9$ a ,fr5*man he>t & s\l1 9 t he inh]it$ f ,watteau's age its womanly s(tness & elegance4 ,9 a cold1 ascetic age he /ill believ$ 9 t5d]ness1 gaiety1 & laught]--he :o z a man _h b little reason to take delight 9 life4 ,prudhon 0 t5 ye>s y\ng] ?an ,david1 & 0 born at ,cluny1 ! t5? *ild ( a poor /one cutt]4 ,he grew up 9 mis]able circum/ances1 *]i%$ only by a "m :o devot$ ! :ole ( h] love to ?is h] y\nge/ born1 & to :om ! *ild1 a delicate pliant creature1 clung ) girl-l t5d]ness4 ,8 p>5ts us$ (t5 to s5d him out ) ! o!r poor *ildr5 ( ! little t[n to ga!r faggots = ! w9t] 9 ! wood belong+ to ! neighb\r+ ,b5$ict9e mona/]y4 ,!re ! h&some1 sprightly boy ) ! l>ge melan*oly eyes attract$ ! notice ( ! prie/1 ,pre ,besson1 :o made him a *ori/] & gave him "s in/ruction4 ,"h1 9 ! old abbey ( ,cluny1 surr\nd$ by v5]able /atues c>v$ 9 wood1 by old pictures ( sa9ts & arti/ic m9iatures1 he recognis$ 8 vocation4 ,an inn] voice told him t he 0 to be a pa9t]4 ,& n[ 8 ,lat9 ex]cise books began to fill ) draw+s1 & he c>v$ little images ) 8 p5knife out ( wood1 soap1 or :atev] came to 8 h&4 ,he squeez$ out ! juice ( fl[]s1 made bru%es ( horsehair1 & began to pa9t4 ,he 0 inconsolable on f9d+ t he c\ld n hit (f ! col\r+ ( ! old *ur* pictures4 ,x 0 a revelation to him :5 "o ( ! monks said to him "o day3 ,my boy1 y w nev] manage x s3 ^! pictures are pa9t$ 9 oils2 & he /raightway inv5t$ oil pa9t+ = himself4 ,) ! help ( ! in/ruction :i* he n[ receiv$ at ,dijon f an able pa9t]1 ,devosge1 he made rapid progress4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,g,,r>d4 ,,madame ,r,,cami] ,,detail4 ,nev]!less a g5]ation 0 yet to pass be=e he 0 really to become a pa9t]4 ,8 m>riage1 on #ag? ,febru>y #aggh1 ) ! daught] ( ! not>y ( ,cluny1 became ! torm5t ( 8 life4 ,a l95-weav] & ?ree ( 8 fa!r-9-law's cl]ks 7 pres5t at ! w$d+4 ,8 wife 0 qu>relsome1 _! income small1 & _! family rapidly increas+4 ,he betook himself to ,p>is to seek 8 =tune1 ) a lett] ( introduction to ! engrav] ,wille4 ,take pity on ?is y\ng/]1 :o has be5 m>ri$ = ! la/ ?ree ye>s1 & :o1 7 he to come "u "s l[ fell['s influ5ce1 might easily fall into ! mo/ t]rible abyss2 s ran ! lett]1 :i* a c]ta9 ,b>on ,j\rsanvault _h giv5 him4 ,he hir$ himself a room 9 ! h\se ( ,m4 ,fauconni]1 ! head ( a firm engag$ 9 ! lace trade1 :o liv$ 9 ! ,rue du ,bac ) 8 wife & a pretty si/]4 ,! latt]1 ,m>ie1 0 eighte5 ye>s ( age1 &1 l ,w]!r's ,lotte1 0 always surr\nd$ by h] bro!r's *ildr51 :om %e look$ aft] l a little h\sewife4 ,prudhon1 himself "y1 s5sitive1 & h&some1 lov$ & 0 lov$1 & made h] pres5ts ( small flatt]+ portraits & pretty allegorical draw+s1 9 :i* ,cupid 0 repres5t$ scrat*+ ! initials ,m4 ,f4 7,m>ie ,fauconni]7 on ! wall ) 8 arr[4 ,t he 0 m>ri$ & sev]al times a fa!r %e nev] knew1 till "o day ,madame ,prudhon arriv$ ) ! *ildr54 ,& y nev] told me6 0 h] only ^w ( reproa*4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,pi]re ,,paul ,,prudhon4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself4 ,prudhon himself n[ w5t to ,italy--a j\rney accompani$ by s]i\s difficulties4 ,at ,dijon he _h compet$ = ! ,prix de ,rome1 & _h be5 s simple z to make a sket* = "o ( 8 rivals4 ,he ow$ x to ! latt]'s hone/y t ! s*ol>%ip nev]!less fell to himself4 ,he />t$ on 8 j\rney2 b :5 he rea*$ ,m>seilles1 & 0 ready to emb>k1 ! vessel 0 unable to weigh an*or = sev]al weeks1 ow+ to /ormy wea!r4 ,& ev5 on ! voyage x became necess>y to disemb>k aga91 s t mon?s _h elaps$ be=e he arriv$ 9 ,rome1 p5niless1 & hav+ embrac$1 accord+ to classical cu/om1 ! l& he _h come to conqu]2 = he _h fall5 out ( ! c>riage on ! way4 ,=tunately 8 de>ly b\ght soj\rn 9 ,italy did him no h>m4 ,he _h inde$ int5d$ to draw only f ! antique & aft] ,raphael2 b aft] ! lapse ( a v few weeks he f\nd 8 ideal 9 ,leon>do4 ,him he calls 8 ,ma/] & ,h]o1 ! inimitable fa!r & pr9ce ( all pa9t]s1 9 arti/ic p[] f> surpass+ ,raphael6 ,9 a small sket*-book1 half torn up1 dat+ f ?is "t1 & /ill 9 exi/5ce1 we h already ! :ole ,prudhon4 ,x conta9s copies ( anci5t /atues1 made labori\sly & )\t pleasure 9 ! "w2 !n comes ,correggio's dis>m$ ,cupid1 a delici\s little sket*1 & ) ! same p5cil t drew x he has writt5 d[n ! names ( ! pictures he purposes pa9t+ lat] on3 ,love1 ,frivolity1 ,cupid & ,psy*e4 ,x is z x 7 ! secret confession ( 8 fantasy1 a prelim9>y ann\ncem5t ( 8 future works4 ,"h & !re are f\nd sket*es ha/ily da%$ (f ( beautiful female =ms 9 ! graceful attitude :i* _h excit$ 8 admiration 9 ! wom5 ( ! ,aldobr&9i ,w$d+4 ,b1 above all1 ! "y arti/ obs]v$ all t 0 ar\nd him4 ,he liv$ 9 unceas+ int]c\rse ) ! beautiful1 & 8 s\l 0 nurtur$ by ! _s ( ! works :i* surr\nd$ him4 ,he accumulat$ pictures1 n 9 8 sket*-book1 b 9 himself2 s mu* s t1 :5 he 0 aft]w>ds int]rogat$ z to 8 ,italian /udies1 8 only answ] 03 ,i did no?+ b /udy life & admire ! works ( ! ma/]s4 ,he avoid$ association ev5 ) s*ol>s :o _h tak5 ! ,prix de ,rome4 ,! elegant & graceful sculptor ,canova 0 ! only "o ) :om he p]mitt$ himself any int]c\rse4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,prudhon4 ,,joseph ,,& ,,potiph>',s ,,wife4 ,:5 8 s*ol>%ip _h run its c\rse1 at ! end ( ,novemb] #aghi1 he f\nd himself aga9 9 ,p>is1 & ! /ruggle aga9/ pov]ty began once m4 ,ev5 :ile 9 ,italy he _h s5t all 8 sav+s to 8 wife1 :o _h /raightway squ&]$ !m 9 dr9k ) h] bro!r1 a s]geant 9 a cavalry regim5t4 ,at ,p>is he _h to act z p>l\r-maid & nurs]y-maid4 ,! faces ( two m wom5 rise up 9 8 life l fleet+ />s1 & bo? ( !m di$ be=e 8 eyes4 ,! fir/ 0 ! my/]i\s /rang] :o appe>$ "o day 9 8 /udio & commission$ him to pa9t h] portrait4 ,%e 0 "y1 sc>cely tw5ty ye>s ( age1 ) great blue eyes1 b h] face 0 we>y & wan z ?\gh f long sleepless nights4 ,y\r portrait8 ask$ ,prudhon1 ) features s tr\bl$ & sad8 ,he set to "w1 sil5t & indiff]5t2 b ) e /roke ( 8 bru% he felt himself m my/ically attract$ to ?is "y girl1 evid5tly z unhappy & z p]secut$ by fate z himself4 ,%e promis$ to return on ! morr[2 b nei!r on t day nor on ! next did %e appe>4 ,"o aft]noon he 0 w&]+ dreamily along ! /reet1 ?9k+ ( ! unkn[n fair "o1 :5 8 eye almo/ me*anically caught sight ( ! guillot9e1 & he recognis$ 9 ! unhappy victim at t v mom5t end+ h] days ! my/]i\s visitor ( 8 /udio4 ,to keep ! wolf f ! door1 ,prudhon 0 oblig$ = "s ye>s to draw vignettes on lett]-%eets = ! ,gov]nm5t (fices1 bus9ess c>ds = tradesm51 & ev5 little pictures = bonbonnires4 ,= ?is ! repres5tatives ( high art held him 9 contempt4 ,greuze alone treat$ him amicably1 & ev5 he held out no hopes = 8 future4 ,y h a family & y h tal5t1 "y man2 t is en\gh 9 ^! days to br+ ab\t "o's dea? by />vation4 ,look at my cuffs4 ,!n ! old man w\ld %[ him 8 torn %irt-sleeves--= ev5 he c\ld no long] f9d means ( gett+ on 9 ! new ord] ( ?+s4 ,to 8 anxieties ab\t ! necessities ( life 7 add$ diss5sions ) 8 wife4 ,he became ! prey ( a cont9ual melan*oly2 he 0 nev] se5 to smile4 ,ev5 :5 a sep>ation _h be5 effect$ 8 torm5tor p]secut$ him /ill1 until %e 0 relegat$ to a madh\se4 ,b n[ a *ange comes ov] ! sc5e ) ! entrance ( ,con/ance ,may]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,/udy ,,directs ,,! ,,flight ,,( ,,g5ius4 ,?is amiable "y pa9t]1 8 pupil1 0 ! /> t light$ up 8 old age4 ,%e 0 ugly4 ,) h] br[n complexion1 h] broad flat nose1 & h] l>ge m\?1 %e _h at fir/ sight ! appe>ance ( a mulatto4 ,yet to ?is l>ge m\? belong$ voluptu\s lips ev] ready to be kiss$2 above ?is broad nose !re 7 two eyes %9+ l black diamonds1 :i* by _! *angeful expression made ?is irregul>1 gam9's face appe> positively beautiful4 ,%e 0 sev5te5 ye>s 8 junior1 & he has pa9t$ h] z (t5 z ,rembr&t pa9t$ 8 ,saskia4 ,he has immortalis$ ! da9ty upturn$ nose ( 8 little gipsy1 z he call$ h]1 9 pictures1 sket*es1 pa/els1 all ( :i* h ! same piquant *>m1 ! same elegant grace1 ! same joy\s & m]ry expression4 ,9 h] he _h f\nd 8 type1 z 8 namesake ,rub5s did 9 ,hlne ,f\rm5t4 ,con/ance ,may] became ! muse ( 8 delicate1 graceful "w4 ,& %e too di$ be=e 8 eyes1 hav+ cut h] ?roat ) a razor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,le ,,c\p ,,de ,,patte ,,du ,,*at4 ,! ma/] & ! pupil lov$ ea* o!r4 ,z s5tim5tal z %e 0 passionate1 z gay z %e 0 piquant1 n]v\s & witty1 %e possess$ e quality t 0 likely to captivate him1 z %e *att]$ to him 9 h] lively & orig9al way1 & flatt]$ 8 pride z an arti/4 ,?is love seem$ to promise him re/ & a bright end+ = 8 days4 ,he ent]$ into x ) ! passion ( a "y man 9 love = ! fir/ "t4 ,mlle4 ,may]1 aft] h] fa!r's dea?1 0 dep5d5t on no "o4 ,h] /udio 9 ! ,sorbonne 0 sep>at$ f h] ma/]'s only by a bl9d wall4 ,%e 0 ) him ! entire day1 work$ at 8 side1 0 8 h\sekeep]1 & saw to ! education ( 8 daught]1 to :om %e 0 at once a "m & an eld] si/]2 & ,prudhon transf]r$ to h] all ! t5d] love :i* z a *ild he _h *]i%$ = 8 "m4 ,9 8 gratitude he wi%$ to %>e 8 g5ius ) 8 fri5d1 & to make h] fam\s l himself4 ,x is pa!tic to note 9 ,mlle4 ,may]'s /udies ) :at pati5ce & devotion he in/ruct$ h]1 h[ he /rove to animate h] ) 8 own _s1 & to give h] some?+ ( 8 own immortality4 ,ev5 8 own "w 0 influ5c$ by ! new happ9ess4 ,to ! p]iod ( 8 connection ) ,con/ance belong 8 ma/]pieces1 ,ju/ice & ,v5geance1 ,! ,rape ( ,psy*e1 ,v5us & ,adonis1 & ,! ,sw++ ,zephyr4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,cupid ,,& ,,psy*e4 ,^! br\ght him at la/ ev5 outw>d success4 ,9 #ahjh ! ,emp]or gave him ! ,cross ( ! ,legion ( ,hon\r = 8 picture ( ,ju/ice & ,v5geance1 & he became1 if n ! (ficial1 at lea/ ! famili> pa9t] ( ! ,c\rt4 ,! f9e portrait ( ! ,empress ,joseph9e belongs to ?is p]iod4 ,:5 ! new ,empress ,m>ie ,l\ise wi%$ to le>n ! art ( pa9t+1 ,prudhon1 9 #ahaa1 became h] draw+ ma/]2 & :5 on ! bir? ( ! ,k+ ( ,rome ! city ( ,p>is pres5t$ to ! ,emp]or ! furniture = a room1 he 0 commission$ to provide ! arti/ic decoration4 ,criticism began to b[ its head :5 8 "n 0 m5tion$2 & ! y\ng] g5]ation ( pa9t]s soon discov]$ 9 him1 once s contemptu\sly revil$1 ! f\nd] ( a new religion1 ! want ( :i* _h long be5 felt4 ,he began to make money4 ,con/ance ,may] seem$ to br+ him luck3 h] dea? affect$ him all ! m deeply4 ,illu/ration3 ,,con/ance ,,may]4 ,by nature n]v\s & highly /rung1 jeal\s & ke5ly consci\s ( h] equivocal position1 %e c\ld n make up h] m9d1 :5 ! pa9t]s 7 ord]$ to move _! /udios f ! ,sorbonne1 ei!r to leave ,prudhon or op5ly to live ) him4 ,on ! morn+ ( #bf? ,m>* #ahba %e left h] model1 ! little ,sophie1 alone1 aft] giv+ h] a r+4 ,soon aft]w>ds a heavy fall 0 he>d1 & %e 0 f\nd ly+ on ! gr\nd 9 a pool ( blood4 ,prudhon l+]$ on = two ye>s m1 two long ye>s sp5t z x 7 9 exile4 ,solit>y1 tortur$ by remorse ( consci5ce1 & ) cont9ual ?\ghts ( suicide1 he liv$ on only = 8 recollections ( h]1 9 t5d] conv]se ) ! memorials %e _h left1 ins5sible to ! r5[n :i* began gradually to ga!r r\nd 8 "n4 ,! completion ( ! ,un=tunate ,family1 :i* ,con/ance _h left unf9i%$ on h] easel1 0 8 la/ tte--tte ) h]1 8 la/ f>ewell4 ,he left 8 /udio only to visit h] grave 9 ,pre-,la*aise1 or to w&] alone along ! out] b\lev>ds4 ,an ,asc5sion ( ! ,virg9 & a ,*ri/ on ! ,cross 7 ! la/ works ( ! once joy\s pa9t] ( anci5t my?ology3 ! ,mat] ,dolorosa & ! ,crucifi$--symbols ( 8 own torm5ts4 ,dea? at l5g? took compassion ^u him4 ,on ! #af? ( ,febru>y #ahbc ,france lo/ ,prudhon4 ,8 art 0 ! pure expression ( 8 spiritual life4 ,8 life 0 sway$ by wom51 & some?+ fem99e brea!s ?r\gh all 8 pictures4 ,9 !m !re speaks a man full ( s\l1 orig9ally ( a joy\s nature1 :o has gone ?r\gh exp]i5ces :i* prev5t$ him ev] be+ joy\s aga94 ,he has inh]it$ f ! rococo /yle its graces & its little ,cupids1 b has also already ta/$ ( all ! melan*oly ( ! new age4 ,) 8 smiles !re is m+l$ a secret sadness4 ,he has le>nt t life is n an un5d+ banquet & a p]petual pleasure2 he has se5 h[ tragic a morr[ foll[s ^u ! voyage to ! ,isle ( ,cy!ra4 ,! bloom has fad$ f 8 pale *eeks1 8 br[ is furr[$--he has se5 ! guillot9e4 ,he1 ! la/ rococo pa9t] & ! fir/ ,romantici/1 w\ld h be5 truly ! man to effect ! transition f ! eighte5? to ! n9ete5? c5tury by a pa? m natural ?an t foll[$ by ,david4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,con/ance ,,may]4 ,,! ,,dream ,,( ,,happ9ess4 ,ev5 8 fugitive sket*es1 ?r[n (f 9 ! days ( 8 pov]ty1 h a q peculi> *>m & a ?or\ghly individual s5tim5t4 ,!re are vignettes ( 8 = lett]-%eets1 done = ! ,gov]nm5t (fices1 :i* 9 a few p5cil t\*es conta9 m manly elegance & poetry ?an d ,david's mo/ pret5ti\s compositions ) all _! borr[$ ,classicism4 ,prudhon 0 ! only pa9t] :o at t "t produc$ any?+ ( conspicu\s m]it 9 ! art ( ornam5t4 ,ev5 draw+s su* z ,m9]va unit+ ,law & ,lib]ty1 :i* f _! titles w\ld lead "o to expect no?+ m ?an froz5 allegories1 are imbu$1 n ) ,david's coldness1 b ) ,correggio's *>m4 ,fr5* grace & elegance are unit$1 )\t con/ra9t1 to ! beauty ( l9e f\nd 9 anci5t cameos4 ,he x 0 :o fir/ felt aga9 ! liv+ poetry ( t old my?ology1 :i* _h become a m]e collection ( dry names4 ,he is commission$ to draw a c>d ( invitation = a ball1 & he s5ds a t5d] hymn on music & danc+4 ,9 extravagant pr(usion he scatt]s =?1 no matt] :]e1 poetic inv5tion & grace su* z ,david 9 8 mo/ /r5u\s ef=ts s\ght = 9 va94 ,x 0 dur+ ?is "t t ,prudhon became ! admirable draughtsman to :om ! ,fr5* s*ool h aw>d$ a place among _! greate/ ma/]s4 ,^! draw+s & illu/rations 7 ! necess>y prep>ation = ! great works :i* br\ght him to ! front at ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury4 ,ev5 8 fir/ picture1 pa9t$ 9 #agii--to-day half-de/roy$--,wisdom br++ ,tru? ^u ! e>?1 at ^: approa* ,d>kness vani%es1 mu/1 to judge f e>ly descriptions1 h be5 m>k$ by a s$uctive & delicate grace4 ,& ! celebrat$ "w ( #ahjh1 ,ju/ice & ,v5geance pursu+ ,crime1 belongs c]ta9ly1 s f> z col\r+ is conc]n$1 r to ! ,romantic ?an to ! ,classical era4 ,= dur+ ! latt]1 "o faculty especially _h be5 lo/1 & t 0 ! art ( pa9t+ fle%4 ,prudhon1 by deep /udy ( ,leon>do & ,correggio1 ma/]s at t "t completely out ( fa%ion1 won back ?is capacity = ! ,fr5* s*ool4 ,9 wild & desolate sc5]y1 above :i* ! moon1 em]g+ f beh9d heavy cl\ds1 %9es ) a gho/ly light ^u ! b>e rocks1 ! murd]] is leav+ ! body ( 8 victim4 ,he /rides =? ) ha/y /eps1 purse & dagg] 9 h&1 glanc+ back ) a %udd] at ! nak$ corpse ( a "y man :i* has fall5 ^u a l$ge ( rock1 ly+ !re /iff & ) out/ret*$ arms4 ,above1 l %apes 9 ! cl\ds1 ! av5g+ goddesses are already sweep+ d[nw>ds ^u him4 ,ju/ice pursues ! fugitive ) ?reat5+1 wra?ful glance2 :ile ,v5geance1 light+ ! way ) h] tor*1 /ret*es out h] h& to grasp ! guilty "o4 ,9 t epo* ?is picture /&s alone = ! impos+ *>act]isation ( ! p]sons1 = its p[]ful pictorial execution1 & ! /]n & gr&iose l&scape :i* s]ves z sett+ to ! awful sc5e4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,! ,,tomb ,,( ,,prudhon ,,& ,,con/ance ,,may] ,,at ,p,,re-,,la*aise4 ,9 g5]al1 ,prudhon 0 n a tragic pa9t]2 8 pref]5ce 0 = ! m joy\s1 light & dreamy1 delicately veil$ my?s ( ! anci5ts4 ,8 mis=tunes taught him to flee f reality1 & on ! w+s ( ,art he sav$ himself1 9 ! realm ( leg5d>y love & vision>y happ9ess4 ,s we see ,psy*e borne al(t by ,zephyr ?r\gh ! twilight to ! nuptial abode ( ,eros4 ,a s(t light falls ^u h] sn[y body2 h] head has fall5 ^u h] %\ld]1 & "o arm1 b5t backw>ds1 enframes h] face4 ,sil5t l a cl\d1 ! gr\p moves onw>d--a sweet-sc5t$ app>ition f fairyl&4 ,n[1 enraptur$ g5ii visit ! slumb]+ ,fair ,"o 9 =e/-%ad[s1 "u ! %imm]+ moon2 n[ %e is /eal+ secretly d[n to ba! 9 a tranquil lake1 & gazes ) a/oni%m5t ^u h] own lik5ess 9 ! gloomy mirror4 ,"h ,v5us1 draw+ deep brea?s ( secret bliss1 is seat$1 full ( long+ love1 by ! side ( ,adonis4 ,:o else1 at t "t1 c\ld draw nude figures ( su* faultless beauty1 s sl5d] & pure1 ) l9es s supple & yet s firm1 & envelop$ 9 s full & s(t a light8 ,or aga91 he pa9ts ,zephyr sw++ rogui%ly by ! side ( a /ream4 ,a g5tle breeze plays ?r\gh 8 locks1 & ! cool d>kness ( ! wood brea!s ?r\gh all ?+s r\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,prudhon4 ,,! ,,un=tunate ,,family4 ,prudhon's "w is nev] a labori\s pat*work ( fragm5ts ( antique =ms pick$ up "h & !re1 nev] ! insipid product ( ! reason work+ 9 accordance ) recipes long h&$ d[n2 x is ?or\ghly intuitive4 ,nev] keep+ too closely to 8 model1 he gave to 8 creations ! movem5t & ! div9e brea? ( life4 ,9 8 h&s ) dreamlike fidelity ! ,antique rose up aga9 r5ew$1 new 9 ! s5se ( 8 own completely mod]n s5tim5t1 & 9 t ( ^? great ma/]s ( ! ,r5aissance :o _h wak5$ x to life ?ree hundr$ ye>s be=e4 ,= ,prudhon1 z is %[n by 8 l&scape backgr\nds1 is altoge!r ,jean ,jacques ,r\sseau's contempor>y1 ! *ild ( t epo* 9 :i* ,nature reveal$ itself anew2 &1 z is prov$ by 8 figures1 he is a cong5ial _s to ,antonio da ,allegri & ,v9ci4 ,9 fre% recollection ( ,correggio1 he loves a s(t exub]ance ( fle% & a delicate semi-obscurity2 9 en?usia/ic rev]5ce = ,leon>do1 ^? heads ( wom51 ) deep1 s5su\sly veil$ eyes1 & t my/]i\s delicate smile play+ dreamily r\nd ! wanton m\?4 ,only1 ! en*ant+ sweetness ( ! ,flor5t9e & ! delici\s ec/asy ( ! ,lomb>d are ton$ d[n by a g5tle melan*oly :i* is entirely mod]n4 ,! ,psy*e borne up to heav5 by ,zephyr *anges 9 ! end1 :5 purifi$ & ref9$1 into ! s\l itself1 :i*1 9 ! =m ( ! ,madonna1 asc5ds into heav51 transfigur$ ) long+ desire2 & ,v5us1 ! goddess ( love1 is trans=m$ into ,love immortal1 ,:o1 /ret*$ ^u ! ,cross1 yet rea*e? out ,8 h& to !e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,! ,,rape ,,( ,,psy*e4 ,?is man1 ) 8 s(t t5d]ness & f9e feel+ = ! et]nal fem99e1 0 z ?\gh fa%ion$ by ,nature to be ! pa9t] ( wom5 ( 8 "t4 ,if ,david 0 ! *ief depict] ( male faces be>+ a /rong impress ( "*1 delicate1 ref9$1 womanly natures f\nd _! be/ int]pret] 9 ,prudhon4 ,8 heads ( wom5 *>m "o by ! my/]i\s language ( _! eyes1 by _! famili> smile1 & by _! dreamy melan*oly4 ,no "o knew bett] h[ to cat* ! fleet+ expression 9 its mo/ delicate %ades1 h[ to grasp ! v mood ( ! mom5t4 ,h[ piquant is 8 smil+ ,anto9ette ,l]\x ) h] dress la ,*>lotte ,corday1 h] coquetti% extravagant hat1 & all ! amus+ *ic ( h] toilette6 ,madame ,copia1 ! wife ( ! engrav]1 ) h] delicately veil$ eyes1 has become 9 ,prudhon's h&s ! v ess5ce ( a beautiful s\l4 ,a langui%+ we>9ess1 a rem>kable m+l+ ( ,creole grace & g5tle melan*oly1 brea!s ov] ! portrait ( ! ,empress ,joseph9e4 ,%e is repres5t$ seat$ on a grassy bank 9 a dignifi$ yet neglig5t attitude1 h] head slightly b5t1 h] gaze w&]+ af> ) a look ( unc]ta9 inquiry1 z ?\gh %e _h "s fa9t pres5tim5t ( h] com+ mis=tune2 & ! dreamy twilight-%ad[s ( a my/]i\s l&scape are ga!r+ ar\nd h]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,le ,,midi4 ,com+ aft] a p]iod ( col\r asceticism1 ,prudhon 0 ! fir/ to %[ a f9e feel+ = col\r4 ,ev5 dur+ ! revolution>y era he prote/$ 9 ! "n ( ! graceful aga9/ ,david's =mal /iffness4 ,he s\ght to demon/rate t human be+s d n 9 tru? diff] v widely to-day f ^? 9 :om ,leon>do & ,correggio delight$1 t !y are fa%ion$ out ( delicate fle% & blood1 n out ( m>ble & /one4 ,/&+ beside ,david1 he appeal$ to ! art ( col\r4 ,b z ) ,&r ,*ni]1 a _s cong5ial to 81 x 0 long be=e he atta9$ success4 ,8 mode/y & 8 ru/ic "* c\ld effect no?+ aga9/ ! dictatorial p[] ( ,david1 on :om _h be5 %[]$ e dignity t ,art c\ld (f]4 ,p cont9u$ to ridicule poor ,prudhon1 :o work$ only aft] 8 own fantasy1 :o _h fa%ion$ = himself 9 *i>oscuro a poetic language ( 8 own1 till ! "q 0 rais$ aga9 f ano!r side1 & ?is "t by a "y man :o came directly out ( ,david's /udio4 ,anto9e ,jean ,gros 0 "o ( ,david's pupils1 & /ood out among 8 fell[s z ! "o mo/ submissively devot$ to 8 ma/]2 yet x 0 he :o1 )\t wi%+ x or kn[+ ( x1 0 prep>+ ! way = ! ov]?r[ ( ,david's s*ool4 ,he 0 born #ag? ,m>* #agga1 at ,p>is1 :]e 8 fa!r 0 a m9iature pa9t]4 ,8 vocation 0 det]m9$ 9 ! /udio ( ,mme4 ,vige-,lebrun1 :o 0 a fri5d ( 8 p>5ts4 ,9 ! ,salon ( #aghe1 :i* conta9$ ,david's ,&roma*e beside ! ,body ( ,hector1 he *ose 8 in/ructor4 ,he 0 !n ! h&some y\? ( fifte5 repres5t$ 9 8 portrait ( himself at ,v]sailles1 ) delicate features1 full ( feel+1 on :i* lies an amiable1 g5tle ca/ ( s5tim5tality4 ,two l>ge1 d>k-br[n eyes look out ^u ! _w a/oni%$ & inquir+1 d>k hair surr\nds ! quiet1 fre% face1 & ov] x is cock$ a broad-brimm$ felt hat4 ,9 ?is picture we see a f9e-/rung1 s5sitive nature1 a s\l :i* w\ld be plung$ by bitt] exp]i5ces into dep?s ( despair1 9 proportion z success w\ld raise x to heights ( ec/asy4 ,9 #agib he compet$ unsuccessfully = ! ,prix de ,rome1 & ?is failure 0 ! mak+ ( him4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,la ,,nuit4 ,he w5t to ,italy on 8 own acc\nt1 & 0 an eye-witness ( ! w> :i* ,napoleon 0 !re wag+4 ,!re he beheld sc5es 9 :i* ar*ology _h no "p4 ,= :5 ,aug]eau's foot-soldi]s c>ri$ ! bridge ( ,arcola by assault1 !y _h little ?\ght ( imitat+ an antique bas-relief4 ,gros obs]v$ armies on ! m>*1 & saw _! triumphant entry into fe/ally decorat$ cities4 ,he le>nt 8 lesson on ! field ( battle1 & on 8 return plac$ on record :at he _h himself gone ?r\gh4 ,9 ,italy he caught ! poetry ( mod]n life1 & at ! same "t 0 enabl$ z a pa9t] to supplem5t ,david's lectures ) ! tea*+ ( ano!r surpass+ ma/]4 ,x 0 9 ,g5oa t he became acqua9t$ ) ,rub5s4 ,z ,prudhon's orig9ality consi/$ 9 ! fact t he 0 ! fir/ ( t p]iod aga9 to /& dream+ be=e ,leon>do & ,correggio1 s did ,gros' lie 9 ?is1 t he /udi$ ,rub5s at a "t :5 ! ,antw]p ma/] 0 also completely out ( fa%ion4 ,8 in/9ct z a pa9t] _h at ! v comm5cem5t guid$ him to ,rub5s' ,/4 ,ignatius1 :i* 9 8 lett]s he describ$ z a sublime & magnific5t "w4 ,:5 he 0 subsequ5tly appo9t$ a memb] ( ! ,commission *>g$ ) ! transf]5ce ( works ( art to ,p>is1 he _h abundant opportunities ( admir+ critically ! works ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5tury ma/]s4 ,! two impressions ?us receiv$ _h a decisive effect ^u 8 life4 ,gros became ! great col\ri/ ( ! ,classical s*ool1 ! s+] ( ! ,napoleonic epos4 ,comp>$ ) ,david's m>moreal ,grco-,romans1 ,gros' figures seem to belong to ano!r _w2 8 pictures speak1 bo? 9 purport & 9 te*nique1 a language :i* mu/ m ?an once h a/oni%$ 8 ma/]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,l',,enj\ir4 ,he 0 =tunate en\gh to be pres5t$ to ,joseph9e ,beauh>nais1 & ?r\gh h] to ,bonap>te1 9 ! ,casa ,s]belloni at ,milan2 & ,gros1 ^: e>ne/ desire x 0 to pa9t ! great comm&]1 0 appo9t$ a lieut5ant on 8 /aff4 ,he _h occasion1 9 ! ?ree days' battle ( ,arcola1 to admire ! ,dictator's impetu\s h]oism2 & he made a sket* ( ! ,g5]al /orm+ ! bridge ( ,arcola at ! head ( 8 troops1 ensign 9 h&4 ,x pleas$ ,napoleon1 :o saw 9 x some?+ ( ! dmonic p[] ( ! future conqu]or ( ! _w2 & :5 ! picture 0 exhibit$ 9 ,p>is 9 #ahja x met !re also ) ! mo/ /rik+ success4 ,! great] w>m? ( col\r1 ! broad] sweep ( ! bru%1 & ! life-l movem5t ( ! figures seem$1 9 comp>ison ) ,david's monoton\s mann]1 to be f>-rea*+ innovations4 ,) 8 ,napoleon on ! ,bridge ( ,arcola ,gros _h f\nd 8 peculi> tal5t4 ,:at 8 tea*] _h accompli%$ z pa9t] to ! ,conv5tion1 ,gros c>ri$ to a conclusion 9 t span ( "t dur+ :i* ,napoleon liv$ 9 ! m9ds ( 8 p z a h]o4 ,he too made an occasional excursion into ! doma9 ( ,greek my?ology1 b he did n feel at home !re4 ,8 field 0 t liv+ hi/ory :i* ! g5]als & soldi]s ( ,france 7 mak+4 ,he won = contempor>y milit>y life its citiz5%ip 9 art4 ,david1 wi%+ to rema9 true to hi/ory & to /yle1 _h depict$ contempor>y ev5ts ) reluctance4 ,:at ,gr>d & ,girodet _h produc$ 0 int]e/+ z a prote/ on ! "p ( reality aga9/ classical conv5tion1 b on ! :ole x 0 unsatisfy+ & we>isome4 ,gros1 ! fam\s pa9t] ( ! ,plague ( ,jaffa & ( ! ,battle ( ,eylau1 0 ! fir/ to atta9 to high r5[n 9 ?is field4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,m>gu]ite4 ,^! are two p[]ful & g5u9e pictures1 two pre-em95t works :i* w endure4 ,gros /&s f> above ,david & all 8 rivals 9 8 p[] ( p]ception4 ,! eld] pa9t] is n[ out ( date1 :ile ,gros rema9s ev] fre%1 because he pa9t$ "u ! impulse giv5 by real ev5ts1 & n "u ! ban ( empty !ories4 ,a reali/ ?r\gh & ?r\gh1 he did n %r9k f repres5t+ ! horrible1 :i* antique art pref]r$ to avoid4 ,9 an epo* :5 ,rome & ,greece 7 ! only s\rces ( inspiration he _h ! c\rage to pa9t a hospital1 ) its sick1 its dy+1 & its dead4 ,:5 9 ! ,egypto-,syrian campaign ! plague broke out aft] ! /orm+ ( ,jaffa1 ,napoleon1 accompani$ by a few ( 8 (fic]s1 und]took1 on #g? ,m>* #agii1 to visit ! victims ( ! pe/il5ce4 ,?is act des]v$ to be celebrat$ 9 a commemorative picture4 ,gros took x 9 h&1 & repres5t$ ,napoleon1 9 ! "* ( consol]1 amid ! agonis+ torm5ts ( ! dy+2 deviat+ f hi/orical accuracy only s f> z to transf] ! sc5e f ! wret*$ w>ds ( ! laz>etto to ! c\rty>d ( a pill>$ mosque4 ,9 ! %ad[s ( ! airy halls sick & w\nd$ m5 twi/ & wri!1 />e be=e !m 9 despair1 re> !mselves up half-nak$ 9 mortal pa91 or turn to gaze ^u ! ,comm&]-9-,*ief1 a spl5did app>ition full ( y\?ful p[]1 :o is tranquilly feel+ ! plague boils ( "o ( _! comrades4 ,"h & !re ,ori5tals move 9 picturesque co/umes1 di/ribut+ ! food :i* negro lads are br++ 94 ,& beyond1 ov] ! battlem5ts ( ! ,moori% arcades1 "o sees ! t[n ) its =tifications1 its flat ro(s & sl5d] m9>ets1 ov] :i* flutt] ! victori\s bann]s ( ! ,fr5*4 ,on "o side lies ! di/ant1 glitt]+ blue sea1 & ov] all /ret*es ! cle>1 gl[+ s\!rn sky4 ,l a new gospel1 l ! fir/ gu/ ( w9d prec$+ ! /orm ( ,romanticism1 ?is picture /&+ 9 ! ,l\vre1 surr\nd$ by its /iff ,classical contempor>ies1 excites a s5sation ( pleasure4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,les ,,petits ,d,,videurs4 ,gros' h]oes "k1 z ,david's d1 t !y are important1 & %[ x p]haps too mu*1 b at lea/ !y act4 ,! pa9t] felt :at he 0 pa9t+1 & an impulse ( human love1 an h]oic & yet human life1 p]meates ! picture4 ,moreov]1 ,gros did n cont5t himself ) ! scanty palette & ! mis]able c>toon-draughtsman%ip ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,?is treatm5t ( ! nude1 ^! despair+ heads ( dy+ m51 %[ none ( ! /ony lifelessness ( ! ,classical s*ool2 ?is ,moori% c\rty>d has no resemblance to ! trag$y p]i/yle s habitually employ$ up to t "t2 ?is ,bonap>te lay+ 8 h& ^u ! dy+ man's sores is no ,greek or ,roman h]o4 ,! sick m5 ^: fev]i% eyes gaze ^u him z on ! /> ( hope1 ! negroes go+ up & d[n ) vi&s1 are no m]e sup]num]>ies2 ! sea ly+ 9 sun%9e beyond1 full ( bu/l+ sails1 & ! h>b\r gaily deck$ ) _m-col\r$ flags1 po9t 9 _! joy\s spl5d\r ( col\r+ to ! dawn ( a new era4 ,! "y arti/s 7 n mi/ak5 :51 9 ! ,salon ( #ahjd1 !y fa/5$ a sprig ( laurel to ! frame ( ! picture4 ,! ,/ate b\ght x = sixte5 ?\s& francs4 ,a banquet at :i* ,vi5 & ,david presid$ 0 giv5 9 hon\r ( ! pa9t]4 ,girodet read a poem1 ( :i* ! conclusion ran z foll[s-- ,et toi1 sage ,vi51 toi1 ,david1 matre illu/re1 ,j\issez de vos succs2 dans son sixime lu/re1 ,votre lve1 dj de t\tes p>ts cit1 ,auprs de v\s vivra dans la po/rit4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,! ,,v9tage4 ,9 8 ,battle ( ,eylau1 exhibit$ 9 #ahjh1 ,gros has giv5 u a companion picture to ! ,plague ( ,jaffa3 9 "o a visit to a hospital1 9 ! o!r ! inspection ( a field ( battle aft] ! fight is ov]4 ,! dismal grey hue ( w9t] re/s ^u ! :ite %eet ( sn[ /ret*+ desolately away to ! horizon1 only int]rupt$ "h & !re by hillocks b5ea? :i* annihilat$ regim5ts sleep _! la/ sleep4 ,9 ! =egr\nd lie dead bodies heap$ toge!r1 & moan+ w\nd$ m52 & 9 ! mid/ ( ?is horror ( mangl$ limbs & corrupt+ fle% he1 ! ,conqu]or1 ! ,ma/]1 ! ,emp]or1 comes to a halt1 pale1 8 eyes turn$ t[>ds ! cities burn+ on ! horizon1 9 8 grey ov]coat & small cock$ hat1 at ! head ( 8 /aff1 indiff]5t1 inexorable1 m]ciless z ,fate4 ,ah6 si les rois p\vai5t contempl] ce spectacle1 ils scrai5t mo9s avides de conqutes4 ,! classical po/ur+ :i* /ill l+]$1 a di/urb+ elem5t1 9 ! ,plague picture1 has be5 put aside completely4 ,! conv5tional horse f ! frieze ( ! ,p>!non1 :i* ,david alone knew1 has giv5 way to ! accurately obs]v$ animal1 & ! col\r+ too1 9 its sad h>mony1 has fully recov]$ its anci5t "r ( giv+ "* to ! picture4 ,x 01 beyond all controv]sy1 ! *ief "w 9 ! ,salon ( #ahjh1 ri* 9 rem>kable pictures2 nei!r ,gr>d's ,battle ( ,au/]litz1 nor ,girodet's ,atala1 nor ,david's ,coronation piece endang]$ ,gros' "r to ! fir/ place4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,! ,,virg94 ,napoleon be=e ! ,pyramids1 at ! mom5t :5 he cries1 ,soldi]s1 f ! summit ( ^? monum5ts =ty c5turies contemplate y\r actions1 con/itutes1 9 #ahaj1 ! cop+-/one ( ! cycle4 ,gros alone at t "t und]/ood ! epic gr&eur ( w>4 ,he became1 also1 ! portrait pa9t] ( ! great m5 f :om its ev5ts proce$$4 ,8 picture ( ,g5]al ,massna1 ) its m$itative1 slily t5aci\s expression1 is ! g5u9e portrait ( a w>rior2 & h[ well is h]oic1 simple d>+ depict$ 9 ! lik5ess ( ,g5]al ,lasalle1 )\t ! commonplace device ( a mantle puff$ out by ! w9d6 ,8 portrait ( ,g5]al ,f\rni] ,s>lovse1 at ,v]sailles1 has a fre%ness ( col\r+1 ! secret ( :i* no "o else possess$ 9 ^? days except ! two ,engli%m51 ,lawr5ce & ,raeburn4 ,gros 0 f> 9 advance ( 8 age4 ,a pa9t] ( movem5t r ?an ( psy*ological analysis1 he br\ght out "* by means ( g5]al effect1 & gave ! ess5tials 9 a ma/]ly way4 ,8 portraits1 j z mu* z 8 hi/orical pictures1 h a /ormy exposition4 ,9 ,david all is calculation2 9 ,gros1 fire4 ,almo/ alone among 8 contempor>ies1 he _h /udi$ ,rub5s1 & l him gave col\r ! place due to x4 ,at times !re is 9 8 pictures a natural fle%-col\r & an animation :i* make ?is w>m-he>t$ man1 :o has n be5 suffici5tly appreciat$1 a g5u9e =]unn] ( ! mod]ns4 ,surr\nd$ z he 0 by or?odox ,classici/s1 he cri$ 9 a l\d voice :at ,prudhon _h already v5tur$ to say m timidly3 ,man is n a /atue--n made ( m>ble1 b ( fle% & bone4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prudhon4 ,,*ri/ ,,crucifi$4 ,b z ) ,prudhon1 s ) ,gros4 ,?is man1 ( exagg]at$ n]v\sness1 0 lack+ 9 t capacity = p]si/5ce :i* belongs to a /rong w consci\s ( its aim2 he lack$ confid5ce 9 himself & 9 ! initiative he _h tak54 ,s long z ! great figure ( ,napoleon kept 8 head above wat] he 0 an arti/2 b :5 8 h]o 0 tak5 f him he sank4 ,! ,empire _h made ,gros great1 its fall kill$ him4 ,! incubus ( ,david's antique mann] began once m to press ^u him1 & :5 ,david aft] 8 bani%m5t 79 #ahaf7 committ$ to him ! managem5t ( 8 /udio 9 ,p>is1 ,gros und]took ! (fice ) pi\s eag]ness1 on no?+ m anxi\sly int5t ?an z a tea*] once m to impose ! fett]s ( ! antique ^u t ,art :i* he _h set free by 8 own works4 ,x is n ,i :o am speak+ to y1 he w\ld say to ! pupils1 b ,david1 ,david1 always ,david4 ,! latt] _h blam$ him = hav+ tak5 ! tr\ble to pa9t ! battles ( ! ,empire1 wor?less occasional pieces1 in/ead ( v5tur+ ^u ^? ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 & ?us produc+ g5u9e hi/orical works4 ,po/]ity requires ( y good pictures out ( anci5t hi/ory4 ,:o1 %e w cry1 0 bett] fitt$ to pa9t ,!mi/ocles8 ,quick1 my fri5d6 turn to y\r ,plut>*4 ,to depict contempor>y life1 :i* lies op5 be=e our eyes1 01 he held1 m]ely ! bus9ess ( m9or arti/s1 unwor?y ! bru% ( an hi/orical pa9t]4 ,& ,gros1 :o rev]5c$ 8 ma/]1 0 s weak z to li/5 to 8 advice3 he believ$ 9 him r ?an 9 8 own g5ius1 9 ! /r5g? ( o!rs r ?an 8 own4 ,he se>*$ 8 ,plut>*1 & pa9t$ no?+ m )\t a previ\s side-glance t[>ds ,brussels2 introduc$ allegory into 8 ,battle ( ! ,pyramids2 compos$ 9 homage to ,david a ,dea? ( ,sappho2 & pa9t$ ! cupola ( ! ,pan!on ) /iff frescoes2 :ile betwe5 times1 :5 he look$ ,nature 9 ! face1 he 0 n[ & !n produc+ v]itable ma/]pieces4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,prudhon4 ,,madame ,,copia4 ,8 ,flight ( ,l\is ,,xviii 9 ! ,museum at ,v]sailles1 %[s him once m at 8 =m] height4 ,x is "o ( ! f9e/ ( mod]n works1 z ,delacroix call$ x 9 #ahdh1 9 an essay contribut$ to ! ,revue des ,deux ,mondes2 at once famili> & s]i\s4 ,napoleon _h left ,elba1 m>*$ on ,p>is1 & _h rea*$ ,fonta9ebleau1 :51 9 ! night ( ! #ai?-#bj? ,m>* #ahae1 ,l\is ,,xviii det]m9$ to evacuate ! ,tuil]ies ) all spe$4 ,accompani$ by a few fai?ful foll[]s & by ! (fic]s ( 8 p]sonal s]vice1 he ab&ons 8 palace & takes leave ( ! ,national ,gu>ds4 ,!re is some?+ pa!tic 9 ?is sexag5>ian ) 8 erudite ,b\rbon pr(ile1 immortalis$ 9 ! l>ge five-franc pieces ( 8 reign1 ) 8 protrud+ /oma* & small ?ick legs1 look+ l a dropsical pati5t go+ to hospital4 ,8 be>+ is mo/ unk+ly4 ,gros has boldly depict$ ! sc5e1 ev5 to ! pa?ological appe>ance ( ! k+1 j z he saw x1 =gett+ all t he knew ( antique art4 ,he _h himself se5 ! /aircase1 ! murmur+ cr[d1 ! lackeys hurry+ by1 lant]n 9 h&1 at _! wits' end1 & ! fat1 g\ty k+1 :o 9 8 t]ror has =gott5 all k+ly dignity4 ,t 0 an hi/orical picture1 & yet z he pa9t$ x he reproa*$ himself anew = hav+ =sak5 ! real art ( hi/orical pa9t+4 ,at ! fun]al ( ,girodet 9 #ahbd ! memb]s ( ! ,in/itute talk$ ( _! irrep>able loss1 & ( ! necessity ( f9d+ a new lead] = ! s*ool :o %\ld av]t ) a /rong h& t de/ruction :i* hot-head$ "y m5 ?reat5$ to br+ ^u x4 ,y1 ,gros1 obs]v$ "o ( !m1 %\ld be ! man = ! place4 ,& ,gros answ]$1 9 absolute despair2 ,:y1 ,i h n only no au?ority z lead] ( a s*ool1 b1 ov] & above t1 ,i h to accuse myself ( giv+ ! fir/ bad example ( defection f real art4 ,! m he ?\ght ( ,david1 ! m he turn$ 8 back ^u ! _w ( real life4 ,) 8 l>ge & we>isome picture ( ,h]cules caus+ ,diom$es to be dev\r$ by 8 own ,horses 7#ahce7 he seal$ 8 own fate4 ,conv5tionality _h conqu]$ nature4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gros4 ,,saul4 ,! pa9t]s ov]:elm$ him ) ridicule1 & a %rill %\t ( d]ision rose f all ! critics4 ,already1 = "s "t pa/1 a few writ]s _h ris5 to prote/ aga9/ ! ,classical s*ool4 ,!y spoke ) fi]y eloqu5ce ( ! rights ( humanity1 ! b5efits ( lib]ty1 ! indep5d5ce ( ?\ght1 ! true pr9ciples ( ! ,revolution1 & f\nd num]\s read]s4 ,!y f\ght aga9/ rigid laws 9 ! intellectual z well z ! social sph]e2 !y po9t$ out t !re 7 o!r worlds besides t ( antiquity1 & t ev5 ! latt] 0 n peopl$ exclusively by cold /atues2 !y delight$ 9 describ+ ! great & beautiful sc5es ( ,nature1 & op5$ out once m a new & broad horizon to art & poetry4 ,! ,spr+ 0 awak5+2 ,gros felt t he _h outliv$ himself4 ,arm+ himself aga9/ ! voices ( ! new era ) ! fatal h]oism ( ! deaf1 he became ! m>tyr ( ,classicism 9 ,fr5* art4 ,he 0 a ,classic by education1 a ,romantic by temp]am5t2 a man :o took 8 greate/ pride 9 giv+ ! lie z a tea*] to ! "w he _h accompli%$ z an arti/1 & ?is discordance 0 8 ru94 ,on ! #be? ( ,june #ahce1 be+ sixty-f\r ye>s ( age1 he took up 8 hat & /ick1 left 8 h\se )\t a ^w to any "o1 & laid himself face-d[nw>ds 9 a tribut>y ( ! ,se9e ne> ,meudon4 ,x 0 a %all[ place1 sc>ce ?ree feet deep1 :i* a *ild c\ld easily h wad$ ?r\gh4 ,x 0 n till next day1 :5 he _h be5 dead = tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 t he 0 discov]$ by two sailors walk+ home along ! bank4 ,"o ( !m /ruck 8 foot aga9/ a black silk hat4 ,9 x !re 0 a :ite cravat m>k$ ) ! initial ,g41 c>efully fold$1 & ^u x a %ort note to 8 wife4 ,on a torn visit+-c>d c\ld /ill be read ! "n1 ,b>on ,gros4 ,a little f>!r on !y saw ! corpse1 & z !y 7 afraid to t\* a dr[n$ man1 !y drew lots ) /raws to decide :i* ( !m %\ld pull him out4 ,i feel x )9 me1 x is a mis=tune = me to be alone4 ,"o beg9s to be disgu/$ ) "o's self1 & !n all is ov]1 he _h once 9 8 y\? writt5 to 8 "m ) gloomy =ebod+4 ,su* 0 ! end ( a ma/] e fibre ( ^: be+ 0 9 revolt aga9/ ,classicism1 & :o _h s great a love = col\r1 tru?1 & life4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,anto9e ,,jean1 ,,b>on ,,gros4 ,m important ev5ts 7 yet to take place be=e ! signal ( deliv]ance c\ld be expect$4 ,x 0 ! "y m5 :o _h gr[n up amid ! desolate associations ( ! ,re/oration :o 7 to lead to victory ! new movem5t ( :i* ,prudhon & ,gros _h be5 ! =]unn]s4 ,! dictator%ip ov] art ( t ,classical s*ool :i* _h be5 tak5 ov] f ! sev5te5? c5tury 0 limit$ to a s+le g5]ation--f ! bir??roes ( ! ,revolution to ! fall ( ! ,napoleonic ,empire4 ,= al?\gh _m ( ,david's pupils surviv$ until ! middle ( ! c5tury1 yet !y 7 m]ely academic big-wigs1 :o1 comp>$ ) ! "y m5 ( g5ius :o 7 /orm+ _! positions1 repres5t t m$iocrity :i* _h inde$ atta9$ to ext]nal hon\rs1 b _h rema9$ /ation>y1 fa/ b\nd to antiquat$ rules4 ,! future belong$ to ! "y1 to a y\? :i* f ! /&po9t ( our own days seems ev5 y\ng] ?an y\? commonly is1 ri*]1 fre%]1 m gl[+ & fi]y--! ,g5]ation ( #ahcj1 ! vaillants de dix-huit c5t tr5te1 z ,?ophile ,gauti] call$ !m 9 "o ( 8 poems4 ,illu/ration3 ,photo1 ,levi4 ,,gros4 ,,! ,,battle ,,( ,,eylau4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,g5]ation ,,( #ahcj ,dur+ ! ye>s :i* elaps$ betwe5 #ahbj & #ahdh ,france produc$ a great & admirable s*ool ( art4 ,aft] ! convulsions ( ! ,revolution & ! w>s ( ! ,empire1 t g5]ation _h aris51 d>+ & eag] = action1 :i* de ,musset describes 9 8 ,confessions d'un ,enfan du ,sicle4 ,& ^! "y m51 born betwe5 ! ?und]s ( "o battle & ano!r1 :o _h gr[n up 9 ! mid/ ( greatness & glory1 _h to exp]i5ce1 z !y rip5$ into manhood1 ! ignom9y ( ,*>les ,x's reign1 ! p]iod ( cl]ical reaction4 ,!y saw mona/]ies re-erect$1 laws ( m$ival sev]ity made aga9/ blasphemy & ! desecration ( *ur*es & sa9ts' days1 & ! doctr9e ( ! div9e orig9 ( ! mon>*y proclaim$ anew4 ,& :5 "y m5 spoke ( glory1 says de ,musset1 ! answ] 01 ',become prie/s6' ,& :5 !y spoke ( hon\r1 ! answ] 01 ',become prie/s6' ,& :5 !y spoke ( hope1 ( love1 ( /r5g? & life1 ev] ! same answ]1 ',become prie/s6' ,! only result ( ?is pressure 0 to int5sify all ! m ! impulse t[>ds fre$om4 ,! political & intellectual reaction c\ld only h ! effect ( impell+ ! poetic & arti/ic emotions ( "y & unquiet spirits into opposition1 on pr9ciple1 to all t 0 e/abli%$1 into a fi]y contempt = public op9ion1 into ! apo!osis ( unre/ra9$ passion & unfett]$ g5ius4 ,! ,fr5* ,romantici/s 7 anti-,phili/9es :o reg>d$ ! ^w b\rgeois z an insult4 ,= !m ,art 0 ! "o supreme consid]ation2 x 0 to !m a light & a flame1 & its beauty & d>+ ! only ?+s wor? liv+ =4 ,= ^? :o put =w>d su* dem&s z ^!1 ! eunu*ism ( ! ,classical--an expression ( ,george ,s&'s--c\ld nev] suffice4 ,!y dream$ ( an art ( pa9t+ :i* %\ld f9d its expression 9 blood1 purple1 light1 movem5t1 & boldness2 !y held 9 sov]eign contempt ! correct1 p$antic1 col\rless t5d5cy ( _! eld]s4 ,an inn] flame %\ld gl[ ?r\gh & lib]ate ! =ms1 absorb ! l9es & cont\rs1 & m\ld ! picture into a symphony ( col\r4 ,:at 0 desir$ & s\ght =1 9 poetry & 9 music1 9 pla/ic art & 9 pa9t+1 0 col\r & passion3 col\r s en]getic1 t draw+ 01 z x 71 consum$ by x2 passion s vehem5t1 t lyrical poetry & ! drama 7 9 dang] ( becom+ fev]i% & convulsive4 ,a movem5t :i* rem9ds "o ( ! ,r5aissance took possession ( all m9ds4 ,x 0 z ?\gh !re 7 some?+ intoxicat+ 9 ! v air t "o brea!d4 ,on a political backgr\nd ( grey ^u grey1 consi/+ ( ! c[ls ( ! ,jesuits ( ! ,re/oration1 !re arose a flam+1 refulg5t1 blu/]+ lit]ature & art1 sc9tillat+ ) sp>ks & bright hues1 full ( ! adoration ( passion & ( f]vid col\r4 ,romanticism is ,prote/antism 9 lit]ature & art--su* is ,vitet's def9ition ( ! movem5t4 ,lit]ature1 :i*1 adapt+ itself to ! politics ( ! gov]nm5t1 _h begun 9 ,*ateaubri& ) an en?usia/ic f]v\r = ,ca?olicism1 ,mon>*y1 & ,m$ivalism1 _h 9 ! tw5ties become revolution>y2 & ! description ( its battles is "o ( ! mo/ gl[+ *apt]s 9 ,george ,br&es' classic "w4 ,!re 0 a revolt aga9/ ! pseudo-antique1 aga9/ ! /iff h&l+ ( ! ,alex&r9e metre1 aga9/ ! yoke ( tradition4 ,!n arose t mighty race ( ,romantic poets :o proclaim$ ) ,byronic fire ! gospel ( nature & passion4 ,de ,musset1 ! fam\s *ild ( ! c5tury1 ! idol ( ! "y g5]ation1 ! poet ) ! burn+ he>t1 :o ru%$ ?r\gh life ) su* eag]ness & ha/e t at ! age ( =ty he broke d[n altoge!r1 worn out l a man ( sev5ty1 delib]ately wrote bad rhymes 9 8 fir/ poems1 = ! purpose ( ?or\ghly infuriat+ ! ,classici/s4 ,s1 too1 he wrote 8 dramas1 9 :i* love is glorifi$ z a s]i\s & t]rible p[] ) :i* "o may n trifle1 z ! fire ) :i* "o mu/ n play1 z ! electric sp>k t kills4 ,s ,george ,s&1 ! female ,titan ( ,romanticism1 publi%$ h] novels1 ) _! subv]sive t5d5cies & _! sp>kl+ animation ( n>rative4 ,betwe5 ^! two rises ! ke5 bronze-l pr(ile ( ,prosp] ,mrime1 :o pref]s to describe ! life ( gypsies & robb]s1 & to depict ! mo/ viol5t & desp]ate *>act]s 9 hi/ory4 ,f9ally1 ,victor ,hugo1 ! great *iefta9 ( ! ,romantic s*ool1 ! ,pagan9i ( lit]ature1 unrivall$ 9 impos+ gr&eur1 9 ma/]ly treatm5t ( language1 & 9 petty vanity1 f\nd submissive multitudes to li/5 to him :5 he rose 9 fi]ce & fi]y insurrection aga9/ ! rigid laws ( ! bloodless ,classical /yle1 & sub/itut$ = ! actionless & ill-contriv$ declamatory trag$ies ( 8 "t 8 own romantic dramas1 brea?+ passion & full ( div]sifi$ movem5t4 ,! conflict 0 deadly4 ,! "y g5]ation hail$ ) applause ! new ,messiah ( lett]s1 & grew intoxicat$ ) ! h>mony ( ,hugo's phrases1 :i* s\nd$ s mu* full] & fi]i] ?an ! measur$ spee* ( ,corneille & ,rac9e4 ,! ,?tre ,franais1 rec5tly b5umb$ z ) ! quiet ( ! grave1 became all at once a tumultu\s battlefield4 ,!re !y sat1 :5 ,hugo's ,cromwell & ,h]nani 7 produc$ on ! /age1 correct1 well dress$1 glov$1 close %av51 ) _! neat ties & %irt coll>s1 ! repres5tatives ( ! old g5]ation1 ^: blameless conduct _h rais$ !m to (fice & place4 ,& 9 contra/ to !m1 9 ! pit 7 cr[d$ toge!r ! "y m51 ! ,jeune ,france1 z ,?ophile ,gauti] describ$ !m1 "o ) 8 wav+ hair l a lion's mane1 ano!r ) 8 ,rub5s hat & ,spani% mantle1 ano!r 9 8 ve/ ( bright r$ sat94 ,_! common uni=m 0 ! r$ wai/coat introduc$ by ,?ophile ,gauti]--n ! r$ *os5 = _! symbol by ! m5 ( ! ,revolution1 b ! sc>let-r$ :i* repres5t$ ! hatr$ felt by ^! en?usia/ic "y m5 = all t 0 grey & dull1 & _! pref]5ce = all t is lum9\s & magnific5tly col\r$ 9 life4 ,!y held t ! contemplation ( a beautiful piece ( r$ clo? 0 an arti/ic pleasure4 ,a simil> *ange took place at ! same "t 9 ladies' toilettes4 ,z ! ,revolution _h 9 ladies' co/umes reject$ all col\r 9 fav\r ( ! ,grecian :ite1 s n[ dresses once m assum$ vivid1 & especially deep r$ hues2 deep r$ ribbons adorn$ ! hat & encircl$ ! wai/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,?,,odore ,g,,ricault4 ,deep r$--t 0 ! col\r ( ! ,romantic s*ool2 ! fl\ri%+ ( trumpets & ! bl>e ( brass its note4 ,fla%es ( passion & f]ocity1 riv]s ( sulphur1 %[]s ( fire1 gl[+ des]ts1 decay+ corpses 9 horrible phosphoresc5ce1 seas at night-"t 9 :i* %ips are s9k+1 l&scapes ov] :i* ro>+ ,w> %akes 8 br&1 & :]e madd5$ nations fall furi\sly ^u "o ano!r--su* are ! subjects1 resonant ) %\t ( battle & song ( victory1 :i* held sway ov] ,fr5* ,romanticism4 ,at ! v "t :5 at ,dsseldorf ! "y arti/s ( ,g]many 7 pa9t+ ) ! milk ( pi\s feel+ _! la*rymose1 susceptible1 s5tim5tal pictures1 utt]ly tame & respectable2 :5 ! ,naz>5e s*ool 7 hold+ _! po/-mortem on ! livid corpse ( old ,italian art1 & seek+ to galvanise x1 & ) x ! ,*ri/ian piety ( ! ,middle ,ages1 into life aga92 at t v "t !re arose 9 ,france a "y g5]ation boil+ ov] ) f]v\r1 :o _h = _! rally+ cry ,nature & ,tru?1 b dem&$ at ! same "t1 & be=e all else1 contra/1 pictorial anti!sis1 & passion at once l(ty & ( tig]-l f]ocity4 ,9 ^? v ye>s1 :5 9 ,g]many1 ! c>toon /yle ( ,c>/5s hav+ di$ away1 progress 0 limit$ to a timid & unsuccessful pursuit ( t revelry ( col\r :i* m>k$ ! ,quattroc5ti/i1 ! ,fr5* took at once1 z ) ! sev5-leagu$ boots ( ! fairy-tale1 ! great /ride onw>d t[>ds ! ,flem+s4 ,?r\gh ,napoleon1 ,france _h gr[n ri*]1 n only 9 glory1 b 9 art treasures1 ga!r$ toge!r f all c\ntries into ,p>is1 z trophies ( ! victori\s g5]al4 ,! abundant collections ?us accumulat$ br\ght to be> ^u t g5]ation ! quick5+ influ5ce ( ! be/ t _h be5 done 9 ! art ( pa9t+4 ,n[h]e c\ld "o /udy ei!r ! ,v5etian col\ri/s or ,rub5s to great] advantage ?an 9 ! ,l\vre1 & x 0 by virtue ( ?is unre/ra9$ int]c\rse ) ! ma/]s :o repres5t ! mo/ p]fect blossom ( col\r+ t ! ,byronic spirits ( #ahcj succe$$ 9 giv+ full expression to ! gl[+ full-col\r$ life ( ?+s :i* hov]$ be=e _! heat$ imag9ation4 ,x is unnecess>y to say t ?is 0 accompani$ by a great wid5+ ( ! range ( subjects treat$4 ,! ,romantic s*ool %[$ t !re 7 o!r h]oes 9 hi/ory & poetry besides ! ,greeks & ,romans4 ,!y pa9t$ ev]y?+1 if only x possess$ col\r & "*1 flame1 passion1 & exotic p]fume4 ,romanticism 0 ! prote/ ( pa9t+ aga9/ ! pla/ic 9 art1 ! prote/ ( lib]ty aga9/ ! academic tea*+ ( ! ,classical s*ool1 ! revolution ( movem5t aga9/ /iffness4 ,illu/ration3 ,g,,ricault4 ,,! ,,w\nd$ ,,cuirassi]4 ,x 0 9 ! /udio ( ,gur91 ! tame & timid ,classici/1 t ! "y assailants grew up1 ! daub]s ( #ahcj1 :o call$ ! ,apollo ,belvid]e a %abby yell[ turnip1 & :o spoke ( ,rac9e & ,raphael z ( /reet arabs4 ,!y 7 tir$ ( copy+ pr(iles ( ,ant9\s4 ,! contemplation ( a picture by ,girodet 0 we>isome to !m4 ,x 0 ,?odore ,gricault1 a hot1 ha/y passionate nature1 ( ,bee?ov5-l unrul9ess & ( heav5-/orm+ boldness1 :o spoke ! ^w ( deliv]ance4 ,he 0 a ,norman1 /urdily built & s]i\s 9 mann]4 ,ev5 :ile he 0 /udy+ 9 ,gur9's /udio he _h already grasp$ "s ( ! ideas :i* ,gros _h 9 8 m9d1 &1 al?\gh n 8 pupil1 ,gricault may be said to h cont9u$ 8 "w1 or at lea/ w\ld h be5 able to d s _h he liv$ long]4 ,l him1 he _h f 8 y\? up contemplat$1 full ( wond]1 ! roll+ sea & ! ?und]-lad5 skies2 l him1 he _h a pr$ilection = f9e horses2 &1 be+ ( a some:at melan*oly disposition1 he pref]r$ to treat ( ! d>k] aspects ( life4 ,8 aspiration 0 to pa9t ! surg+ sea1 pr\d /e$s ru%+ pa/ at a gallop1 suff]+ & /riv+ humanity1 great de$s1 pa?os & fr5zy 9 e =m4 ,8 fir/ works 7 spl5did horsem51 ^: e muscle twit*es ) n]v\s movem5t4 ,dur+ 8 %ort /ay 9 ,*>les ,v]net's /udio he _h already tak5 an int]e/ 9 cavalry1 & begun ! /udies ( su* subjects1 :i* he cont9u$ to ! day ( 8 dea?4 ,aft]w>ds1 :ile he 0 work+ "u ,gur9 & be=e 8 visit to ,italy 9 #ahag1 he (t5 w5t to ! ,l\vre1 copi$ pictures & /udi$ ,rub5s1 to ! great annoyance ( 8 tea*]1 :o ) horror beheld him ent]+ ^u s p]il\s a pa?4 ,illu/ration3 ,g,,ricault4 ,,*asseur4 ,"h aga9 he foll[$ 9 ! /eps ( ,gros1 ^: portrait ( ,g5]al ,f\rni] ,s>lovse 0 hung 9 ! ,salon ( #ahab close by ,gricault's ,m\nt$ ,(fic]4 ,?is picture1 a portrait ( ,m4 ,dieudonn1 an (fic] 9 ! ,*asseurs d',afrique1 cross+ ! battlefield sword 9 h& on a re>+ horse1 0 ! fir/ "w exhibit$ by ,gricault1 !n tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age4 ,x 0 an ev5t4 ,gros f\nd himself support$1 if n surpass$1 by a beg9n] :o _h 8 own en?usiasm = col\r & movem5t1 = pr(iles broadly & boldly del9eat$4 ,9 #ahad foll[$ ! ,w\nd$ ,cuirassi]1 /agg]+ across ! field ( battle & dragg+ 8 horse beh9d him4 ,^! 7 no long] w>riors seat$ on classical /e$s foam+ ) rage1 b real soldi]s 9 :om !re 0 no?+ ( ! ,greek /atue4 ,!n ,gricault w5t to ,italy1 b 9 ?is case also x 0 n to pursue ar*ological /udies 9 ! museums1 b to see ! race ( ! b>b]i dur+ c>nival4 ,to ?is "t belong ^? /udies ( horses1 = ! possession ( :i* collectors vie ) "o ano!r to-day1 sket*es made 9 ! op5 air1 out 9 ! /reet or 9 ! /ables4 ,! ,horses at ! ,mang] & ,horses fight+ 7 among ! pe>ls ( ! collection ( ,fr5* draw+s 9 ! ,p>is ,exhibition ( #ahhi4 ,9 #ahai he complet$ 8 greate/ picture1 t :i* mo/ p alone call to m9d--n q fairly--:5 8 "n is m5tion$--,! ,raft ( ! ,m$usa4 ,:at a trag$y is !re repres5t$6 ,= twelve days ! un=tunate wret*es h be5 on ! deep1 />v+1 9 utt] despair & ready to lift _! h&s aga9/ ea* o!r4 ,!y 7 a hundr$ & fifty1 n[ !y are b fifte54 ,"o old man holds ^u 8 knees ! corpse ( 8 son2 ano!r te>s 8 hair out1 left alone 9 life aft] see+ all 8 de> ones p]i%4 ,9 ! =egr\nd lie dead bodies :i* ! waves h n yet swept away4 ,b f> away 9 ! di/ance a sail appe>s4 ,"o po9ts x out to ano!r3 yes1 x is a sail6 ,a m>9] & a negro m\nt ^u an empty b>rel & wave _! h&k]*iefs 9 ! air4 ,w !y be se58 ,! anxiety is t]rible4 ,& ev] high] & high] ! grey waves roll on4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,g,,ricault4 ,,! ,,raft ,,( ,,! ,,m$usa4 ,illu/ration3 ,g,,ricault4 ,,! ,,/>t4 ,h[ mu/ su* a sc5e h impress$ a g5]ation :i* = long ye>s _h se5 no?+ 9 ! ,salon b dry my?ology & pa9t$ /atues6 ,gricault 0 ! fir/ to free himself f ! tyranny ( ! pla/]-(-,p>is bu/1 & once aga9 to put passion & tru? to nature 9 ! place ( cold m>ble4 ,j z he commission$ ! %ip's c>p5t] :o _h con/ruct$ ! raft & 0 "o ( ! sav$ to make him a model ( x1 s also he mov$ into a /udio close to ! hospital1 = ! purpose ( /udy+ ! sick & dy+1 ( sket*+ dead bodies & s+le limbs4 ,x mu/ be admitt$ t "o w\ld wi% = a yet firm] grasp ( ! subject4 ,9 =m1 ,gricault /ill belongs to ! s*ool ( ,david4 ,a good deal ( ,classicism %[s itself 9 ! fact t he ?\ght x necess>y to depict ! majority ( ! figures nak$1 9 ord] to avoid unpictorial co/umes4 ,!re is /ill some?+ academic 9 ! figures1 :i* d n seem to be suffici5tly weak5$ by privation1 disease1 & ! /ruggle ) dea?2 b :at man c free himself at "o /roke f ! influ5ce ( 8 "t & environm5t8 ,ev5 9 ! col\r+ !re l+]s "s t\* ( ! ,classical s*ool4 ,x (f5ds no "o1 a fact to be insi/$ on 9 comp>+ him ) ! ,naz>5es2 b z yet x plays no "p 9 express+ ! mean+ ( ! picture4 ,f ! di/ance1 inde$1 :5ce ! rescu+ %ip is draw+ ne>1 a bright light %9es =? ^u a sc5e o!rwise depict$ 9 dull br[n4 ,save = ?is1 ! int5tion ( ! picture is n express$ by means ( col\r1 & x ev5 %[s "s retrogression z comp>$ ) ,gricault's e>li] works4 ,he _h begun ) ,rub5s1 yet ^! /udies 9 col\r+ did n la/4 ,9 ! ,w\nd$ ,cuirassi] ( #ahad d>k tones took ! place ( ! =m] *e]fulness1 & s 9 ! ,raft ( ! ,m$usa he imag9$ ! trag$y c\ld be repres5t$ only 9 sombre hues4 ,he spread ov] ! :ole sc5e a monoton\s unpleasant br[n %ade1 & 9 8 endeav\r to lay all weight ^u human emotion he w5t s f> z almo/ to suppress ! sea1 :i* nev]!less play$ ! *ief "p 9 ! drama1 & ^: deep blue w\ld h af=d$ a spl5did contra/4 ,discov]ies are n to be made all at once1 b only :5 _! h\r is come4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,eug,,ne ,,delacroix4 ,! next /ep 9 ,fr5* art 0 to be t ( re9/at+ ! significance ( col\r 9 ! full rights conqu]$ = x by ,titian1 s t x %\ld no long] be m]ely a ta/eful t9t+ ( ! figures1 b %\ld become truly t :i* gives its temp] to ! picture4 ,x 0 n res]v$ = ,gricault to effect ?is4 ,a trip to ,london1 :i* he made 9 #ahbj1 9 company ) 8 fri5d ,*>let1 0 ! la/ ev5t ( 8 life4 ,!re ! sportsman awoke 9 him once m1 & he pa9t$ ! ,race = ! ,d]by at ,epsom4 ,soon aft] 8 return he 0 ?r[n f 8 horse :ile rid+1 b l+]$ on = two ye>s long]1 suff]+ f a sp9al compla9t4 ,) a few m ye>s 9 :i* to develop he %\ld h be5 "o ( ! great ma/]s ( ,france1 b he di$ :5 sc>cely 9 8 ?irty-second ye>4 ,yet he liv$ long en\gh to obs]ve1 9 ! ,salon ( #ahbb1 ! db ( "o ( 8 comrades f ,gur9's /udio4 ,a great] ?an himself1 to :om ) dy+ voice he _h giv5 a few words ( advice1 arose z ! intellectual heir ( ! "y pa9t] s prematurely c>ri$ (f1 & c>ri$ to its issue ! /ruggle :i* he _h begun4 ,x 0 on #bf? ,april #agii1 at midday1 t ! fir/ g5u9e pa9t]'s eye ( ! c5tury saw ! light1 at ,*>5ton ,sa9t-,maurice4 ,gricault _h made a beg9n+1 b x 0 ! impetu\s1 p[]ful g5ius ( ,eugne ,delacroix :i* ent]$ 9 & complet$ 8 "w4 ,:at ,gros _h dimly p]ceiv$1 b _h n d>$ to express1 :at ,gricault _h b>ely _h "t ) a c\rage\s h& to po9t out1 a h& too soon /iff5$ 9 dea?--! mod]n poetry ( col\r1 ( fev]1 & ( quiv]+ emotion--x 0 res]v$ = ,delacroix to write4 ,t *ild w gr[ up to be a fam\s man2 8 life w be extremely labori\s1 b also extremely agitat$1 & always expos$ to opposition4 ,?us _h a madman prophesi$ ( ! boy "o day :5 he & 8 nurse 7 tak+ a walk ne> ! lunatic asylum at ,*>5ton4 ,& he 0 "r4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,delacroix4 ,,dante',s ,,b>k4 ,delacroix 0 ano!r ( ! pupils :o _h gr[n up 9 ,gur9's /udio1 b he became ! latt]'s antipode4 ,ev5 9 8 /ud5t ye>s he took c\nsel1 n ( ! antique1 b ( ,rub5s & ,v]onese2 & :5 ,gricault 0 pa9t+ 8 ,raft ( ! ,m$usa1 ,delacroix belong$ to ! little b& ( en?usia/ic admir]s :i* ga!r$ r\nd ! "y ma/]4 ,he s]v$ z model = ! half-subm]g$ man to ! left 9 ! =egr\nd ( t picture4 ,aft] busy+ himself at fir/ almo/ entirely ) c>icatures1 & /udies ( horses1 & ) ,madonnas 9 ! ,classical /yle1 he exhibit$ 9 #ahbb 8 ,dante's ,b>k1 9 a pictorial s5se ! fir/ *>act]i/ic picture ( ! c5tury4 ,"o is incl9$ ev5 to-day to repeat ,david's exclamation :5 he caught sight ( ! "w1 ! fir/ great epo*-mak+ life-utt]ance ( ! revolution>y ,romantici/s3 ,d'o vi5t-il8 ,je ne connais pas cette t\*e-la4 ,!re 7 ?\ghts 9 x :i* _h n be5 conceiv$ & express$ 9 ! same mann] s9ce ! "t ( ,t9toretto4 ,dante & ,virgil1 f]ri$ by ,phlegyas ov] ,a*]on1 are pass+ among ! s\ls ( ! damn$1 :o grasp hold ( ! boat ) ! en]gy ( despair4 ,a !me tak5 f a m$ival au?or2 an antique figure1 t ( ,virgil1 b se5 ?r\gh ! prism ( mod]n poetry4 ,:ile ! ,flor5t9e1 /iff ) horror1 gazes ^u ! swimm+ figures :i* cl+ to ! boat ) tee? & nails1 ,virgil1 tranquil & s]i\s1 turns on !m a face :i* ! emotions ( life c no long] affect4 ,! "w obta9$ a decisive success4 ,a c>p5t] 9 ,delacroix's h\se _h made = ! "y pa9t] an in>ti/ic frame ( f\r bo>ds4 ,:5 he w5t to ! exhibition & look$ = 8 picture 9 ! side-rooms he c\ld n f9d x4 ,! frame _h fall5 to pieces dur+ removal1 b ! picture _h be5 hung 9 an hon\rable place 9 ! ,l\vre1 9 a ri* frame ord]$ = x by ,b>on ,gros4 ,y mu/ le>n draw+1 my "y fri5d1 & !n y w become a second ,rub5s1 0 ! salute :i* ?is rem>kable man1 ^: !ory ev] gave ! lie to 8 practice1 gave ! "y ma/]4 ,naturally ,delacroix w\ld n n[ h be5 admitt$ into ! s*ool ( ,david1 or w\ld h be5 plac$ !re 9 ! l[e/ rank--) ,rub5s & a few o!r immortals1 :o drew no bett] ?an he did4 ,he 0 absolutely oppos$ to all ! exact1 regul>1 well-balanc$1 col\rless traditions :i* held sway 9 ,david's s*ool ) _! p$antic erudition & b\rgeois discretion4 ,! pr9ciple ( ! ,classici/s 0 ! ,greek type ( beauty1 & ! translation ( sculpture into pa9t+4 ,9 ,delacroix's picture !re 0 no long] any?+ ( t sort4 ,gricault _h already brok5 away f ! academic /5cill+ ( =m1 & _h sub/itut$ natural expression1 life1 & emotion = conv5tional types2 ,delacroix n[ set aside ! sull5 col\r+ ( ! ,classical s*ool1 & its pa9t$ /atues made way = ! col\r-symphonies ( ! ,v5etians4 ,^! re=m+ qualities f\nd 9 8 second "w1 a few ye>s lat]1 a mu* full] expression ?an 9 ! ,dante's ,b>k4 ,at t "t ! ,greeks1 t h]oic nation1 /ruggl+ & dy+ = its religion & indep5d5ce1 _h excit$ ev]y:]e ! deepe/ sympa?y & en?usiasm4 ,delacroix 0 ! v man to be inspir$ by su* a !me4 ,f ! agitation caus$ by ! m>tyrdom ( ,greece1 & f 8 ta/e = ,byron's poetry1 result$ 9 #ahbd ! celebrat$ ,massacre ( ,*ios1 on :i* he 0 already employ$ 9 #ahba1 be=e ! completion ( 8 ,dante's ,b>k1 & 9 :i* 8 p[] ( expression z well z ( col\r 0 c>ri$ mu* fur!r ?an 9 ! e>li] picture4 ,9 ! ,dante's ,b>k !re 7 /ill1 bo? 9 =m & col\r1 rem9isc5ces ( ! great ,flor5t9e ma/]s2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ! female figure 9 ! =egr\nd1 :i* is almo/ an exact reproduction ( ,mi*ael ,angelo's ,night4 ,! ev5t depict$ 0 comp>atively quiet & tranquil1 & ! well-balanc$ composition w\ld h done hon\r to ! mo/ rigor\s foll[] ( ,david4 ,! only novelty lay 9 ! treatm5t ( col\r1 & 9 ! sub/itution ( ! individual & *>act]i/ic = ! typical & ideal4 ,b und\bt$ly x 0 n[ possible n only to produce 9 col\r m p[]ful *ords1 b also 9 expression to /rike notes m dramatic1 = ! academic pla/]-(-,p>is heads ( ! ,david s*ool _h depict$ human emotion only 9 icy immobility4 ,delacroix _h put all ^! possibilities into ! new picture4 ,! pyramidal configuration has resolv$ itself into an uncon/ra9$ gr\p+ ( figures4 ,"h we h = ! fir/ "t ! arti/ic _s intoxicat$ ) col\r1 ! ,orl&o ,furioso ( col\ri/s1 ! pupil ( ,rub5s1 ,delacroix4 ,an entire _w ( deep feel+ & ( pa9fully passionate poetry1 an entire _w ( tones1 :i* ! ma/] "u ^: eyes he pa9t$ 8 ,dante c\ld n h conceiv$1 lies enclos$ )9 ! frame ( ?is picture4 ,! figures1 sitt+1 kneel+1 p>tly recl9+1 ) _! half-/>v$ bodies & _! gloomy1 brood+1 hopeless faces2 ! desp]ate /ruggle betwe5 ! conqu]ors & _! victims 9 ! f> di/ance2 ! contra/ betwe5 ?is sc5e ( horror & ! lum9\s spl5d\r ( ! atmosph]e1 & ! weal? ( col\r 9 ! :ole1 made & /ill make ?is f9e pa9t+ "o ( ! mo/ impressive pictures 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,x is a "w :i* flames 9 gl[ ( col\r m ?an any t _h appe>$ 9 ,france s9ce ! days ( ,rub5s4 ,! ,engli% _h be5 8 tea*]s4 ,x is "h only t col\r & effect are und]/ood & felt1 ,gricault _h previ\sly writt5 f ,london4 ,delacroix's "w _h already be5 s5t (f to ! ,salon :5 ,con/able's fir/ pictures 7 j arriv+ !re1 & ! impression :i* !y made ^u him 0 s p[]ful t1 at ! v la/ mom5t1 & 9 ! ,l\vre itself1 he gave 8 picture a bright] & m lum9\s col\r+4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,delacroix4 ,,hamlet ,,& ,,! ,,grave-,,digg]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,delacroix4 ,,tasso ,,9 ,,! ,,mad-,,h\se4 ,& inde$ x 0 n till n[ t ! ,classici/s p]ceiv$ h[ great an oppon5t _h aris5 aga9/ !m4 ,n only did ! ag$ ,gros call ! ,massacre ( ,*ios le massacre de la pe9ture1 b all ! critics talk$ ab\t b>b>ism1 & prophesi$ t on ?is pa? ,fr5* pa9t+ w\ld ha/5 to its de/ruction4 ,! prize ( ! ,salon 0 aw>d$1 n to ! ,massacre1 b to ,sigalon's ,locu/a1 an unimportant "w ( compromise1 ?\gh v clev] & well /udi$ 9 draughtsman%ip4 ,x 0 said t ,delacroix's picture 0 lack+ 9 symmetrical arrangem5t1 t he %[$ too great a contempt = ! beautiful1 t inde$ he appe>$ sy/ematically to pref] ! ugly--t is to say1 he 0 blam$ = ! v qualities :]e9 lay 8 importance z a re=m]4 ,accu/om$ z !y _h be5 = _m ye>s to an art 9 :i* intellect1 correctness1 & mod]ation held sway1 n "o ( ! critics 0 9 a position to p]ceive all at once ! value ( ?is fi]y _s4 ,delcluze1 ! indefatigable def5d] ( ! sacr$ dogmas ( ! ,classical s*ool1 *>act]is$ dramatic expression & composition m>k$ by action z ! reef :]eon ! gr& /yle ( pa9t+ mu/ inevitably be wreck$4 ,! mod]n s*ools ( art1 he taught z late z #ahbd1 exi/1 fl\ri%1 & h _! be+ only by ! utilisation ( :at we c le>n f ! ,greeks4 ,ev5 ackn[l$g+ ! progress 9 col\r :i* ! "w %[$1 x nev]!less belong$1 he said1 to an inf]ior g5us1 & all its excell5ces 9 col\r+ c\ld n outweigh ! ugl9ess ( its =m4 ,!re) began ! battles ( ! ,romantic s*ool1 & all ! d>+ ( ,?ophile ,gauti]1 ,?i]s1 ,victor ,hugo1 ,sa9te-,beuve1 ,baudelaire1 ,brg]-,?or1 ,gu/ave ,plan*e1 ,paul ,mantz1 & o!rs _h to be call$ ^u 9 ord] to /orm ! heights held by ! batt]ies ( ! ,classical critics4 ,c\nt ,=b9 gave pro( ( no less c\rage :5 he b\ght ! picture1 torn to %r$s z x 0 by ho/ile criticism1 = ! ,/ate1 at ! price ( six ?\s& francs4 ,?is enabl$ ,delacroix to visit ,engl&4 ,he sp5t ! "t f spr+ to autumn ( #ahbe 9 ,london1 :]e he consort$ amicably ) all ! arti/s ( ! day4 ,& he took an int]e/ n only 9 ,engli% art1 b also 9 lit]ature & ! drama4 ,8 pref]5ce = ,%akespe>e1 ,byron1 & ,walt] ,scott1 :o 7 already 8 fav\rite poets1 f\nd new su/5ance4 ,an ,engli% op]a made him acqua9t$ ) ,goe!'s ,fau/2 & h5ce=? ^! poets ent]$ into ! =egr\nd ( 8 works4 ,a picture ( ,tasso 7! poet 9 a cell ( ! madh\se1 ?r\gh ! w9d[ ( :i* two gr9n+ lunatics look 9 ^u him7 9 #ahbf1 ! ,execution ( ! ,doge ,m>9o ,fali]o & ! ,dea? ( ,s>danapalus1 bo? aft] ,byron1 9 #ahbg1 & ,fau/ 9 8 ,/udy 9 #ahbh1 foll[$ ! ,massacre--all ( !m obvi\sly ! works ( a pa9t] :o lov$ bright1 gl[+ col\r1 _h /udi$ ,rub5s & _h rec5tly return$ f ,engl&4 ,9 #ahbh 0 publi%$1 9 sev5te5 plates1 8 cycle ( illu/rations to ,fau/1 to accompany a translation ( ! poem into ,fr5*2 & ?is 0 foll[$ by a numb] ( li?ographs on ,%akespe>ian subjects4 ,& "h we may notice a s+ul> ex*ange ( p>ts4 ,:5 ! ^w ,romantic 0 fir/ he>d 9 ,g]many x _h orig9ally mu* ! same s5se z ,roman4 ,! ,g]man ,romantici/s 7 mov$ to en?usiasm by ,roman ,ca?olicism & ,roman *ur* pa9t+4 ,b :5 ,romanticism rea*$ ,france1 ! ^w came to mean exactly ! opposite3 a pref]5ce = ! ,g]man & ,engli% _s z comp>$ ) ! ,greek & ,lat91 & an en?usiasm = ! great ,anglo-,saxon & ,g]man poets1 ,%akespe>e & ,goe!1 9 :om1 contra/+ ) ,rac9e's correctness1 7 to be f\nd unre/ra9$ g5ius & gl[+ passion4 ,?is influ5ce ( poetry ov] art may easily become dang]\s1 if pa9t]s sponge1 s to speak1 ^u ! poet1 z ! ,dsseldorf s*ool did1 & make use ( 8 "w only = ! purpose ( enabl+ works1 9 !mselves valueless1 to keep _! heads1 arti/ically speak+1 above wat]1 by means ( _! extr9sic poetical int]e/4 ,b ,delacroix _h no ne$ ( any su* support4 ,he 0 n ! poets' pupil1 b _! bro!r4 ,he did n /udy !m 9 ord] to illu/rate _! works1 b 0 imbu$ ) _! _s & possess$ by _! s\ls4 ,he liv$ ) !m2 he did n borr[ 8 subjects f !m1 b r made use ( !m to express 9 8 own p[]ful language ! /ronge/ emotions ( ! human he>t4 ,nor did he ev] =get t pa9t+ mu/1 be=e all1 be pa9t+4 ,end[$ z he 0 ) a poet's s\l1 he conceiv$ ?+s z a pa9t]1 n labori\sly translat+ passages f ! poets1 b simply ?9k+ 9 col\r4 ,:at ! musician he>s1 :at ! poet imag9es1 he saw4 ,! sc5es ( :i* he read appe>$ at once be=e 8 eyes z sket*es1 9 great masses ( col\r4 ,= him1 composition1 action1 & col\r ev] unit$ toge!r into "o insep>able :ole4 ,illu/ration3 ,,delacroix4 ,,entry ,,( ,,! ,,crusad]s ,,into ,,con/ant9ople4 ,! j\rney to ,morocco1 :i* he made 9 ! spr+ ( #ahcb1 9 company ) an embassy s5t by ,l\is ,philippe to ! ,emp]or ,muley ,abd]rahman1 is notewor?y = a fur!r progress 9 8 ability z a col\ri/ & a new broad5+ ( 8 range ( subjects4 ,:5 he return$ to ! port ( ,t\lon1 on #e? ,july #ahcb1 he _h se5 ,algi]s & ,spa91 & _h assimilat$ an abundance ( sun%9e & col\r4 ,x is 9 8 ,ori5tal pictures t 8 pa9t+ fir/ rea*es its z5i?1 j z ,victor ,hugo's ma/]y ov] language 0 at its highe/ po9t 9 8 ,ori5tales4 ,goe!1 9 8 ,we/-/li*es ,divan1 celebrat$ :at is quiet & contemplative 9 ! ,ori5tal view ( life4 ,ob]mann sang ( ! l& ( leg5d1 ( buri$ treasures1 ( ,aladd9 & ! wond]ful lamp2 b = ,byron 7:o 0 practically ! fir/ to introduce into ,europe ! p]fume & col\r ( ! ,ea/71 = ,hugo1 & = ,delacroix1 x 0 ! di/ant1 bright-hu$1 b>b>ic l& ( ! ris+ sun1 ! l& ( sangu9>y w>f>e & ov]?r[1 ! home ( light & col\r4 ,"h x 0 t ! ,fr5* ,romantici/s f\nd ! _w t realis$ _! dreams ( col\r4 ,! ,ea/ became = !m :at ,rome _h be5 = ! ,classical s*ool4 ,f ! feeble & mi/y sun ( ,p>is1 & f ! grey skies ( ! ,b\lev>d des ,itali5s1 !y turn$ to ,africa4 ,8 en?usiasm = ?is newly discov]$ _w res\nds1 full & cle>1 9 ,delacroix's lett]s4 ,7 ,i to leave ! l& 9 :i* ,i h f\nd !m1 he wrote1 dur+ 8 /ay 9 ,morocco1 ( ! m5 :om he saw ab\t him !re1 !y w\ld seem to me l trees torn up by ! roots4 ,i %\ld =get ! impressions ,i h receiv$1 & %\ld be able only 9 an incomplete & frigid mann] to reproduce ! sublime & fasc9at+ life :i* fills ! /reets "h1 & attracts "o by ! beauty ( its appe>ance4 ,?9k1 my fri5d1 :at x means to a pa9t] to see ly+ 9 ! sun%9e1 w&]+ ab\t ! /reets & (f]+ %oes = sale1 m5 :o h ! appe>ance ( anci5t consuls1 ( ! re9c>nat$ spirits ( ,cato & ,brutus1 :o lack n ev5 t pr\d1 discont5t$ look :i* ^? lords ( ! _w mu/ h _h4 ,!y possess no?+ save a blanket 9 :i* !y walk1 sleep1 & are buri$1 & yet !y look z dignifi$ z ,cic]o 9 8 curule *air4 ,:at tru?1 :at nobility 9 ^! figures6 ,!re is no?+ m beautiful 9 ! antique4 ,& all 9 :ite1 z ) ,roman s5ators or at ! ,greek ,pana!na4 ,8 palette 0 ?us fur!r enri*$ 9 lucid t9ts1 ! contra/s he =m]ly delight$ 9 became less %>p & gl>+1 ! gloomy backgr\nd hi!rto pref]r$ 0 sup]s$$ by a bright s]5ity & a gold5 lu/re4 ,! col\r-effect ( 8 ,alg]ian ,wom5 has be5 n unaptly comp>$ to ! impression produc$ by a glance into an op5 jewel casket4 ,9 8 ,convulsion>ies ( ,tangi] he has depict$ ) wild1 demoniac en]gy ! religi\s fr5zy ( a ,turki% sect4 ,gre51 blue1 r$1 & violet hues unite to produce an effect z ( a s\nd+ fl\ri% ( trumpets1 recall+ ! music ( ! janiz>ies4 ,! ,entry ( ! ,crusad]s into ,con/ant9ople resembles an old delicately t9t$ c>pet1 full ( p[]ful1 tranquil h>mony4 ,ev5 9 8 old age he wrote3 ,! aspect ( t c\ntry w be = ev] be=e my eyes2 ! types ( t vigor\s race w move 9 my memory z long z ,i live2 9 !m ,i truly f\nd ! antique beauty aga94 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,delacroix4 ,,jesus ,,on ,,lake ,,g5nes>et4 ,! contemplation ( su* sc5es induc$ ,delacroix to und]take ! repres5tation ( antique subjects1 :i* he _h hi!rto avoid$1 n because he dislik$ ! antique1 b because ( ! av]sion he felt = ,david's treatm5t ( x4 ,dur+ 8 soj\rn 9 ,africa he _h come to ! conclusion t ! pa9t+ ( sc5es f anci5t hi/ory %\ld n be bas$ ^u ! imitation ( /atues & bas-reliefs1 z ) ,david & 8 pupils2 b t x %\ld be imbu$ ) ! movem5t & passion ( mod]n life1 s9ce ! anci5t ,greeks 7 m5 ( fle% & blood l ourselves4 ,!re=e x is t he snat*es ! m>ble mask f ! faces ( ,david's puppets4 ,flemi% blood beg9s to move 9 ! ,greek /atues1 ,flemi% passion to break ?r\gh _! inflexible rhy?m4 ,pa9t+s su* z ! ,ju/ice ( ,trajan ( #ahdj repres5t ! antique 9 a ?or\ghly p]sonal & mod]n p>aphrase1 j z ,%akespe>e or ,byron _h se5 x4 ,! mad ,m$ea is1 f ! po9t ( view ( col\r1 c]ta9ly ! *ief "w ( ?is gr\p4 ,x 0 ( c\rse impossible t a man s highly end[$ ) emotional pa?os %\ld pass unt\*$ ! trag$y ( ! life ( ,*ri/ & ! suff]+s ( ! ,*ri/ian m>tyrs4 ,by ! ,revolution religi\s !mes _h be5 absolutely exclud$ f repres5tation1 & up to ?is "t ! "y innovators ( ! ,re/oration p]iod _h also felt an av]sion = !m4 ,_! ideas 7 z little attun$ to ,ca?olic z to academic tradition4 ,delacroix 0 ! fir/ to treat once m ( biblical subjects1 s f> z !y are imbu$ ) dramatic & passionate movem5t4 ,l ,rub5s1 he reg>d$ ! lives ( ! sa9ts1 ! /ory ( ! ,gospels1 & ! trag$y on ,golgo?a z a poetical n>rative l any o!r4 ,8 ,m>y1 l t ( ! ,flemi% pa9t]s1 is a sorr[+ woman1 ! embodim5t ( un5d+ grief4 ,alongside ( ^! easel pictures he produc$1 dur+ a p]iod ( m ?an tw5ty-five ye>s1 a long li/ ( monum5tal & decorative works2 & !y too 7 ! mo/ inv5tive1 ! bolde/1 & ! mo/ orig9al :i* monum5tal pa9t+ produc$ dur+ ?is epo*1 n 9 ,france only1 b 9 ,europe4 ,9 ?is sph]e also1 :]e1 "u ! pressure ( old traditions & conv5tional types1 x is s difficult to avoid plagi>ism1 ,delacroix ma9ta9$ 8 individuality4 ,9 #ahce1 at ! sugge/ion ( 8 fri5d ,?i]s1 he 0 commission$ to pa9t ! int]ior ( ! ,*amb] ( ,deputies 9 ! ,palais ,b\rbon--! mo/ important commission :i* _h fall5 to ! lot ( any ,fr5* arti/ s9ce ,gros pa9t$ ! cupola ( ! ,pan!on4 ,n long aft]w>ds he decorat$ ) v]ve & en?usiasm ! ceil+ ( ! ,l\vre1 *oos+ = 8 subject ! ,triumph ( ,apollo4 ,9 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,luxemb\rg he _h rec\rse to ! ,div9a ,comm$ia1 & treat$ 9 a ma/]ly mann] ! !me s famili> & sympa!tic to him4 ,9 8 works !re is some?+ ( ! joy\s & sportive en]gy ( ,rub5s' allegorical pictures1 b n ! lea/ trace ( imitation4 ,he und]/ood decorative pa9t+ 9 ! s5se ( ! great old ma/]s1 ,giulio ,romano & ,v]onese1 n z wall didactics & lectures on ar*ology2 he knew t descriptive prose has no?+ :atev] to d ) ! walls ( a build+1 b t ! sole aim ( su* pa9t+s is to fill ! h\se ) _! solemn gr&eur1 to make ! :ole build+ res\nd z x 7 ) sacr$ organ music4 ,betwe5 #ahec & #ahfa came also ! wall pa9t+s 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,sa9t ,sulpice1 & "o w\ld almo/ ?9k t ,delacroix f9i%$ !m 9 fev]i% excitem5t1 to %[ = ! la/ "t h[ enorm\s a /ore ( passion & p[] /ill lay 9 ! s\l ( a sexag5>ian4 ,%ortly aft] _! completion1 on #ac? ,augu/ #ahfc1 he di$1 :o 01 9 ! words ( ,silve/re1 ! pa9t] ( ! g5u9e race1 :o _h ! sun 9 8 head & a ?und]/orm 9 8 he>t1 :o 9 ! c\rse ( =ty ye>s s\nd$ ! entire gamut ( human emotion1 & ^: gr&iose & awe-inspir+ bru% pass$ f sa9ts to w>riors1 f w>riors to lov]s1 f lov]s to tig]s1 f tig]s to fl[]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,delacroix4 ,,horses ,,fight+ ,,9 ,a ,,/able4 ,9 ^! words ,delacroix is v aptly *>act]is$4 ,8 range ( subjects includ$ ev]y?+3 decorative1 hi/orical1 & religi\s pa9t+1 l&scape1 fl[]s1 animals1 sea pieces1 classical antiquity & ! ,middle ,ages1 ! scor*+ heat ( ! s\? & ! mi/s ( ! nor?4 ,he left no bran* ( ! art ( pa9t+ unt\*$2 no?+ escap$ 8 lion's claws4 ,b !re is "o bond unit+ all3 to all ! figures = :i* he won ! citiz5%ip ( art he gave passion & movem5t4 ,8 pr$om9ant quality is a passion = ! t]rible1 a k9d ( insatiability = wild & viol5t action4 ,8 ov]-excit$ imag9ation heaps pa91 horror1 & pa?os "o ^u ano!r4 ,! critics call$ him ! tattoo$ savage :o pa9ts ) a drunk5 broom4 ,!re is no?+ pretty or lovable ab\t 8 art2 x is a wild art4 ,he depict$ passion :]ev] he f\nd x1 9 ! %ape ( wild animals1 /ormy seas1 or battl+ w>riors2 & he s\ght x 9 e sph]e1 9 nature no less ?an 9 poetry & ! ,bible4 ,h>dly any pa9t]--n ev5 ,rub5s--has depict$ ) equal p[] ! passions & movem5ts ( animals3 lions 9 :i* he is own bro!r to ,b>ye2 fight+ horses1 9 :i* he /&s side by side ) ,gricault4 ,no o!r arti/ pa9t$ waves m gr&1 w9d-beat51 foam+1 da%+1 t[]+ on high4 ,look+ at !m1 "o div9es all ! horrors conceal$ b5ea? ! ro> ( ! blue surface1 horrors :i* 7 z yet s insuffici5tly sugge/$ 9 ,gricault's ,raft ( ! ,m$usa4 ,9 8 hi/orical pictures !re reigns n[ t]ror & despair1 z 9 ! ,massacre ( ,*ios2 n[ gloomy horror1 z 9 ! ,m$ea2 n[ fev]i% movem5t1 z 9 ! ,dea? ( ! ,bi%op ( ,lige4 ,he passes f ,dante to ,%akespe>e1 f ,goe! to ,byron1 b only to borr[ f !m _! mo/ mov+ dramatic situations--,hamlet at ,yorick's grave1 8 fight ) ,la]tes1 ,macbe? & ! ,wit*es1 ,lady ,macbe?1 ,gret*51 ,angelica1 ! ,prison] ( ,*illon1 ! ,gia\r1 & ! ,pa%a4 ,all "t is 8 doma91 all c\ntries are op5 to him2 he hurries ?r\gh ! broad fields ( imag9ation1 a lordly reap] ( all h>ve/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,delacroix4 ,,m$ea4 ,& at ! same "t1 9 all 8 great human trag$ies1 he compels ! elem5ts to obey him z if !y 7 8 slaves4 ,! passions ( m5 set heav5 & e>? 9 motion4 ,! agonis+ cries ( victims f9d 9 8 pa9t+s an e*o 9 ! sull5 %ad[s & ! lead51 heavy cl\ds ( ! sky4 ,! gloomy %ores :i* ,dante's boat is approa*+ are z desolate z ! spirits :o w&] ?r\gh ! night4 ,b :]e spl5d\r & glory reign1 z 9 ! ,entry ( ! ,crusad]s into ,con/ant9ople1 ! air1 too1 gli/5s & %9es z ?\gh saturat$ ) du/ ( gold4 ,9 8 pictures a human s\l :i* 0 great & full ( mean+1 & :i* possess$ su* combu/ibility t x took fire ( itself1 express$ itself recklessly1 ) ! volcanic /r5g? ( an elem5tal p[]4 ,?is pr\d self-reliance expla9s also h[ x 0 t ?is pa9t] ( unruly g5ius 01 z a man1 v f> f be+ a revolutioni/4 ,= ,delacroix ! out] _w _h no exi/5ce2 t _w alone exi/$ :i* 0 )9 him4 ,aft] 8 picture ( ,! ,b>ricades 9 #ahca he avoid$ all political allusions1 pa9t$1 read1 & l$ a tranquil1 measur$1 uni=m life4 ,9 society polite & res]v$1 ( ari/ocratic coldness1 g5tlemanly 9 appe>ance1 & well-br$2 9 8 spee* curt1 mordant1 emphatic1 & occasionally witty1 he c\ld nev]!less %[ himself1 :5 he *ose1 an amiable1 orig9al talk]1 full ( piquant ideas4 ,moreov]1 he 0 a great writ] & critic1 ^: essays 9 ! ,revue des ,deux ,mondes h ! p]fect classic /amp4 ,nev]!less1 he 0 always displeas$ :5 any "o put him =w>d z ! *ief ( (ficial ,romanticism1 & salut$ him z ! ,victor ,hugo ( pa9t+4 ,surr\nd$ z he 0 by "y assailants ( tradition :o w\ld all[ no m]it to any?+ old1 he f\nd pleasure 9 ackn[l$g+ 8 admiration = ,rac9e1 :om he knew by he>t1 & :om1 :5 ne$ 01 he def5d$ aga9/ ! y\ng] g5]ation4 ,he 0 too diplomatic to /ir up aga9/ himself unnecess>ily ! hatr$ ( ^? :om ! long-hair$ ,samsons ( ,romanticism call$ ,phili/9es4 ,s f> z 9 him lay1 8 quiet & me?odical life %\ld suff] no int]ruption4 ,wor%ipp] ?\gh he 0 ( light & col\r1 he 0 almo/ always %ut up 9 8 gloomy /udio1 & x 0 only :5 he f\nd himself bru% 9 h& t ! res]v$ man became ! passionate1 vibrat+ pa9t]4 ,!n ! memories ) :i* 8 /udy ( ! poets _h /or$ 8 m9d grew 9 8 fantasy into gr& pictures gl[+ ) life4 ,by ^! visions he 0 excit$1 set on fire1 & fill$ ) en?usiasm4 ,8 /udio 0 op5 b to few1 = ! intrusion ( visitors *ill$ 8 inspiration1 & he f\nd x difficult to recov] ! prop] frame ( m9d4 ,n till ev5+ did he take 8 fir/ meal1 = he ?\ght he c\ld "w ) great] int5sity :5 hungry4 ,dur+ a p]iod ( =ty ye>s he liv$ 9 8 v>i\s /udios1 quiet & solit>y1 inv5t+1 draw+1 & pa9t+ )\t int]mission1 8 door always bolt$1 s t :5 x suit$ him he c\ld give out t he 0 ill ( a fev]4 ,e morn+ be=e "w he drew an arm1 a h&1 or a piece ( drap]y aft] ,rub5s4 ,he _h =m$ ! habit ( tak+ ,rub5s to himself :5 o!r p 7 dr9k+ _! c(fee4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,delacroix4 ,,! ,,expulsion ,,( ,,heliodorus4 ,inde$1 :5 "o speaks ( ,delacroix1 ! "n ( ,rub5s rises almo/ involunt>ily to "o's lips2 & yet !re is a pr(\nd diff]5ce betwe5 him & ! great ,flemi% ma/]4 ,rub5s has ! same passion1 ! same ev]-active fancy2 yet all 8 pictures re/ 9 triumphant repose1 :ile e "o ( ,delacroix's seems to res\nd z ) a cry ( battle4 ,look+ at ,rub5s' works y feel t he 0 a happy1 heal?y man2 b by ! "t y h se5 half a score ( ,delacroix's x is borne 9 ^u y t ! life ( ! arti/ 0 "o ( /rife & suff]+4 ,rub5s 0 ! v ess5ce ( /r5g?1 ,delacroix 0 a sick man2 ! =m] full ( fle%ly joy\s s5suality1 ! latt] consum$ by a fev]i% int]nal fire4 ,8 portrait ( himself 9 ! ,l\vre1 ) its pale =ehead1 its l>ge d>k-rimm$ eyes1 its lean1 holl[ face1 its p>*m5t-l sk9 /ret*$ tightly ov] ! bones1 expla9s 8 pictures bett] ?an any critical appreciation4 ,delacroix 0 "o ( ! mes maladives1 ! spirits sick unto dea?1 to :om ,baudelaire addresses himself 9 8 ,fleurs du ,mal4 ,delicate f 8 y\? up1 ?or\ghly n]v\s by nature1 he prolong$ 8 sickly exi/5ce ?r\gh\t 8 life by %e] en]gy ( w4 ,ev5 9 8 *ildhood he pass$ ?r\gh s]i\s illnesses1 & lat] on he suff]$ 9 turn f 8 /oma*1 ?roat1 *e/1 & kidneys4 ,l ,goe! 9 8 old age1 he felt well only :5 ! temp]ature 0 high4 ,he 0 %ort 9 /ature4 ,a leon9e head1 ) a lion's mane1 surm\nt$ a body t seem$ almo/ /unt$4 ,) 8 eyes fla%+ l c>buncles1 & 8 disord]$ prickly m\/a*e1 8 0 ! fasc9at+ ugl9ess ( g5ius4 ,x 0 only by ! /ricte/ diet+ 9 8 quiet retreat at ,*amprosay t he prolong$ 8 life = ! la/ few ye>s4 ,9 8 y\? he hov]$ l a butt]fly f fl[] to fl[]2 :5 gr[n old & hypo*ondriacal he )drew into solit>y retirem5t1 "w 0 ! only m$ic9e = diseas$ conditions ( all k9ds1 to :i* he f\nd himself daily m & m a victim4 ,only ?us c\ld ?is sickly man1 doom$ f 8 v bir?1 come to produce no less ?an two ?\s& pictures--a numb] all ! m a/oni%+ z ,delacroix1 ev5 :5 8 heal? p]mitt$ him to "w at 8 easel1 by no means possess$ ,rub5s' sov]eign facility ( production4 ,! fev] ( "w alt]nat$1 9 8 case1 ) ! extreme/ exhau/ion4 ,!re 0 some?+ morbid1 n]v\s1 ov]-excit$ 9 all he did4 ,ev5 "w1 he writes1 is m]ely a tempor>y n>cotic1 a di/raction2 & e di/raction1 z ,pascal has said 9 o!r words1 is only a me?od :i* man has inv5t$ to conceal f himself ! abyss ( 8 suff]+ & mis]y4 ,9 sleepless nights1 9 illness1 & 9 c]ta9 mom5ts ( solitude1 :5 ! end ( all ?+s discloses itself 9 its utt] nak$ness1 a man end[$ ) imag9ation mu/ possess a c]ta9 am\nt ( c\rage1 n to meet ! phantom half-way1 n to ru% to embrace ! skeleton4 ,! fev]i% disposition :i* he br\ght ) him into ! _w 0 height5$ by ! acrimoni\s feuds 9 :i*1 z a pa9t]1 he 0 =c$ to engage1 & :i* left great bitt]ness beh9d !m 9 8 m9d4 ,8 life & 8 art 7 9 accord1 9 z mu* z bo? 7 battles4 ,x is n easy to live :5 "o is always ill2 n easy to meet ) recognition :5 "o proclaims ! exact opposite ( t :i* = a g5]ation pa/ all ! _w has held to be true4 ,& ,delacroix took n a s+le /ep to meet 8 oppon5ts half-way4 ,he did n tr\ble himself = a s+le mom5t to please ! public2 & !re=e ! public did n come to him4 ,controv]sies su* z t :i* took place ov] ! ,massacre ( ,*ios cont9u$ decade aft] decade1 & ! exhibition ( ea* ( 8 pictures 0 ! signal = a battle4 ,no "w ( 81 writes ,?or1 b call$ =? deaf5+ h[ls1 curses1 & furi\s controv]sy4 ,insults 7 heap$ ^u ! arti/1 co>s] & m opprobri\s ?an "o w\ld be ju/ifi$ 9 apply+ to a %>p]4 ,at ,*>5ton1 :]e he 0 born1 is ! ,b$lam ( ,france4 ,h5ce ! epi!t cont9ually hurl$ at him by ! critics1 :o call$ him ! runaway f ,*>5ton4 ,until ! ye> #ahdg 8 pictures c\ld )\t difficulty be exclud$ f ! ,salon4 ,he irritat$ p by 8 viol5ce1 by ! abruptness ( 8 compositions1 by 8 arrangem5t ( figures ) a view to pa?os at ! exp5se ( pla/ic elegance2 he displeas$ by ! incomplet5ess ( 8 works1 :i* 7 reg>d$ z sket*es1 n f9i%$ pa9t+s4 ,:5 ,l\is ,philippe ord]$ a picture f 8 bru%1 x 0 on ! express condition t x %\ld be z little a ,delacroix z possible4 ,!re 0 g5]al ill-hum\r among ! academicians :51 at ,?i]s' sugge/ion1 he 0 commission$ to decorate ! ,palais ,b\rbon4 ,& ,delacroix1 ambiti\s & s5sitive z he 01 0 deeply hurt by e mortification ( ?is k9d1 & affect$ by e gu/ ( criticism z by a *ange ( w9d4 ,cont9ually d5\nc$ 9 ! newspap]s1 attack$1 w\nd$1 deliv]$ ov] to ! wild bea/s1 z he call$ x1 he nev] _h a mom5t ( re/--he :o1 ) 8 irritable temp]am5t & fragile heal?1 ne$$ re/ m ?an any man4 ,x 0 n until almo/ all 8 works 7 br\ght toge!r 9 ! ,univ]sal ,exhibition ( #ahhe t x became evid5t h[ great an arti/ ?is ,delacroix 01 :om 8 c\ntry = =ty ye>s _h n und]/ood1 & to :om ! ,in/itute _h clos$ its doors to ! la/4 ,yet he 0 no soon] dead ?an all ) "o voice proclaim$ him a g5ius2 8 smalle/ draw+ is to-day wor? its weight 9 gold1 :ile dur+ 8 lifetime he seldom got m ?an two ?\s& francs = 8 l>ge/ pa9t+s4 ,8 sket*es1 great works 9 small frames1 h = ! mo/ "p f\nd _! way to ,am]ica4 ,! sale ( ! pictures he left beh9d him produc$ ?ree hundr$ & sixty ?\s& francs4 ,delacroix1 !re=e1 0 victori\s1 b n z ,rub5s 02 & 8 ceil+ ( ! ,l\vre1 ) ! ,triumph ( ,apollo1 "o ( 8 mo/ rem>kable works1 /rikes "o almo/ z an allegory ( 8 own life4 ,:at especially attract$ & inspir$ ! arti/ 9 ?is pa9t+ 7 ! spasms & convulsions ( ! mis%ap5 mon/]s :i* ! god expels f ! e>?--! s]p5t twi/+ itself 9 movem5ts ( pa9 & fury1 rais+ its head on high1 hiss+ rage1 & vomit+ v5om & blood4 ,! god himself1 :o 9 ! mid/ ( a sea ( light asc5ds into heav5 9 a gold5 *>iot drawn by radiant /e$s1 %[s 9 8 /urdy limbs & attitude ready = def5ce1 & 9 8 wra?ful face1 no trace ( ! pr\d maje/y & joy\s spl5d\r :i* ,greece connect$ ) ! "n ( ,apollo4 ,he is a mortal :o has f\ght & conqu]$1 n a god :o triumphs 9 tranquil p[]4 ,he is ,delacroix1 n ,rub5s2 a ,titan1 n an ,olympian god4 ,! arti/ic p[] 9 ,delacroix c\ld 9 no wise submit to ! conf9em5t impos$ by ! ,fr5* _s ( 8 "t4 ,x 0 n possible = a s+le man1 ?\gh end[$ ) ! mo/ spl5did c\rage1 to ov]?r[ 9 a mom5t all ! traditions ( ,fr5* art4 ,any "o :o kn[s ! ,fr5* mu/ feel t ,david's ,lat9 /yle c\ld n s sudd5ly disappe> out ( _! art1 t x 0 n possible at a bl[ to bani% all t _h hi!rto held sway & to replace x by its opposite4 ,ev] s9ce ,p\ss9 !y _h s\ght 9 ,roman antiquity ! =mul ( _! art4 ,! pr$ilection :i* ! ,p>isians h ev5 to-day = ! repres5tation ( ,rac9e's & ,corneille's trag$ies1 ! admiration :i* ev5 ! mo/ extreme ,naturali/s be/[ ^u ,p\ss9 & ,lesueur1 prove abundantly h[ deep ,classicism is root$ 9 ! fle% & blood ( ! ,fr5* p4 ,br&es has rem>k$1 v acutely1 t1 /rictly speak+1 ev5 ,romanticism 0 on ,fr5* soil 9 _m respects a ,classical ph5om5on1 a product ( ,fr5* ,classical rhetoric4 ,!y nev] saw ! dances ( ! elves1 nev] he>d ! delicate h>mony ( _! r\ndelays4 ,9 ,victor ,hugo1 ! great oppon5t ( ,corneille1 ,corneille himself 0 re-embodi$4 ,he too is a draughtsman1 con/ructs 8 poems l ar*itectural works1 *isels ! =m1 poli%es ! v]se1 & conf9es 8 col\r+ )9 p[]fully conceiv$ ,mi*elangelesque outl9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,j4 ,a4 ,d4 ,,+res4 ,l',art4 ,once ! fir/ eag] impulse ( ! ,romantic s*ool _h subsid$1 ^! old ,classical t5d5cies %[$ !mselves anew & ) all ! great] vehem5ce4 ,ev5 ,hugo's dramas1 ) _! pr$ilection = all t is exub]ant & mon/r\s1 ) _! ov]fl[+ lyricism & sonor\s pa?os1 became 9 ! long run we>isome4 ,he1 :o _h hi!rto be5 ! idol ( ! "y g5]ation1 0 n[ call$ ! ,pat] ,bomba/icus ( ! lit]ature ( ! _w4 ,classicism f\nd its poet & its muse4 ,an unkn[n b v wor?y "y man1 n end[$ ) weal? ( imag9ation1 b imbu$ ) ! mo/ hon\rable int5tions1 came to ,p>is f ! prov9cial t[n :]e he _h gr[n to manhood1 ) a manuscript 9 8 pocket4 ,& ,franois ,rons>d's ,lucrce1 a trag$y f ! antique1 9 its /yle sob] & sev]e1 rem9d+ "o ( ,rac9e1 0 repres5t$ amid ?und]s ( applause1 %ortly aft] ,hugo _h be5 hiss$ (f ! /age4 ,en?usia/ic admir]s saw 9 x a glori\s return to ! great tragic drama ( ,france1 an emanation f ! _s ( ,corneille1 & prais$ its cle>1 measur$1 & at once classic & famili> language4 ,toge!r ) its poet1 ! ,classical reaction f\nd its actress4 ,9 #ahch a "y untra9$ *ild made h] db at ! ,?tre ,franais--a ,jewi% girl :o _h sung 9 ! /reets to ! accompanim5t ( h] h>p4 ,ra*el appe>$ ^u ! bo>ds1 & re/or$ its =m] p[] ( attraction to ! old ,classical rep]toire1 to ! v trag$ies :i* ! ,romantic s*ool _h bani%$ f ! !atre amid mock]y & d]ision4 ,! ,cid1 ,mrope1 ,*imne1 & ,phdre recov]$ _! place ^u ! /age4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,+res4 ,,! ,,maid ,,( ,,orleans ,,at ,,rheims4 ,pa9t+ took ! same c\rse4 ,9 opposition to ! "y pa9t]s :o _h bur/ into ! ar5a ) _! gay-col\r$ uni=ms1 _! gild$ helmets & wav+ bann]s1 ,+res came =? 9 ! great t\rnam5t ( ,romanticism 9 ! "* ( ! ,black ,knight4 ,an old g5tleman1 a man :o 9 all 8 be+ belong$ to ! g5]ation t 0 pass+ away1 :o 0 fifty ye>s ( age at ! "t ( ! ,revolution ( ,july1 /ations himself sudd5ly z ! angel ( ! flam+ sword1 or1 9 ! phrase ( 8 oppon5ts1 z ! g5d>me ( ,classicism1 at ! gates ( ! ,academy1 b>r+ !m aga9/ e suspici\s-look+ p]son4 ,& ! "y m51 ecc5tric1 eag] = action z !y 71 :o _h rec5tly f\ght ) s mu* fury1 _h to retreat be=e him4 ,gold5 sun%9e & gl[ ( col\r 7 once m taboo$1 & _! repres5tative h]oes1 ,v]onese1 ,rub5s1 & ,delacroix1 reg>d$ z flick]+ ,w o' ! ,wisps1 :om e aspir+ beg9n] %\ld avoid z s]p5ts & firebr&s4 ,"o day :5 ,+res 0 tak+ 8 pupils ?r\gh ! ,l\vre he said1 on ent]+ ! ,rub5s gall]y3 ,saluez1 messieurs1 mais ne reg>dez pas4 ,! acrimony ( ! /rife 0 s great t x ext5d$ ev5 to ! p]sonal relations ( ! rival *iefs1 & ,+res 0 attack$ by convulsive spasms :5ev] he he>d ! "n ( ! pa9t] ( ! ,massacre ( ,*ios4 ,:5 9 #ahee he _h _h a sep>ate room prep>$ = 8 own pictures 9 ! ,univ]sal ,exhibition ( t ye>1 & obs]v$ ,delacroix 9 ! di/ance1 j be=e ! op5+ c]emony1 he ask$ ! att5dant3 ,has n somebody be5 "h8--!re is a smell ( brim/one4 ,n[ ! wolf is 9 ! %eepfold 0 8 obs]vation :5 ,delacroix 0 elect$ to ! ,in/itute4 ,he reg>d$ him z ! hangman1 z ! ,robespi]re ( pa9t+4 ,i us$ to love t "y man1 b he has sold himself to ! evil "o 7,rub5s71 said he1 9 righte\s indignation1 to 8 pupils4 ,illu/ration3 ,,+res4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself ,,z ,a ,,y\?4 ,?is fam\s ?+1 ! ,beautiful1 ,delacroix _h once writt51 mu/ be--e "o says s--! f9al aim ( art4 ,b if x be ! only aim1 :at !n are we to make ( m5 l ,rub5s1 ,rembr&t1 &1 9 g5]al1 all ! arti/ic natures ( ! ,nor?1 :o pref]r$ o!r qualities belong+ to _! art8 ,is ! s5se ( ! beautiful t impression :i* is made ^u u by a picture by ,velasquez1 an et*+ by ,rembr&t1 or a sc5e out ( ,%akespe>e8 ,or aga91 is ! beautiful reveal$ to u by ! contemplation ( ! /raight noses & correctly dispos$ drap]ies ( ,girodet1 ,gr>d1 & o!rs ( ,david's pupils8 ,a satyr is beautiful1 a faun is beautiful4 ,! antique bu/ ( ,socrates is full ( "*1 not)/&+ its flatt5$ nose1 swoll5 lips1 & small eyes4 ,9 ,paul ,v]onese's ',m>riage at ,cana' ,i see m5 ( v>i\s features & ( e temp]am5t1 & ,i f9d !m to be liv+ be+s1 full ( passion4 ,are !y beautiful8 ,p]haps4 ,b 9 any case !re is no recipe by means ( :i* "o c atta9 to :at is call$ ! ideally beautiful4 ,/yle dep5ds absolutely & solely ^u ! free & orig9al expression ( ea* ma/]'s peculi> qualities4 ,:]ev] a pa9t] sets himself to foll[ a conv5tional mode ( expression he w become affect$ & w lose 8 own peculi> impress2 b :]e1 on ! contr>y1 he frankly ab&ons himself to ! impulse ( 8 own orig9ality1 he w ev]1 :e!r 8 "n be ,raphael1 ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ,rub5s1 or ,rembr&t1 be sure ma/] ( 8 s\l & ( 8 art4 ,z comp>$ ) ! pr9ciples ?us laid d[n1 ,+res repres5ts ! revulsion t[>ds t =malism :i* _h borne sway ov] ! great] "p ( ! hi/ory ( ,fr5* art4 ,pa9t+ is no?+ m ?an draw+1 said ,p\ss94 ,_h ,god int5d$ to place col\r at ! same height z =m1 wrote ,*>les ,blanc1 ,he w\ld n h fail$ to furni% ,8 ma/]piece1 ,man1 ) all ! hues ( ! humm+-bird4 ,once m1 in/ead ( ! gl[+ col\r ( ! ,romantic s*ool1 absorb+ ! =m into itself1 ! firm /roke ( ! outl9e 0 set =?2 in/ead ( its pa?os1 brea?+ =? passionate emotion1 m5 return$ to /udy ! *ill tranquillity ( /one4 ,once m dramatic composition & ma/]y ov] movem5t 7 held 9 abhorr5ce1 z incompatible ) t pursuit ( pla/ic beauty :i* 0 ! highe/ goal ( art4 ,! only po9t 9 "q 01 h[ to avoid ! "o-sid$ness ( ,classicism4 ,david1 z a *ild ( ! ,revolution1 _h naturally be5 limit$ to ,anci5t ,rome2 b n[ t ! legitimate mon>*y _h be5 re-e/abli%$ !re 0 no reason :y "o %\ld n rev]e1 n only pagan1 b also ,*ri/ian ,rome1 & 9 ,raphael & ,mi*ael ,angelo ! mature/ blossom ( ! latt]4 ,?us ! ,classical s*ool 0 enri*$ by ,+res ) features ( great] vivacity4 ,he ent]$ into a direct relation%ip ) ! great ,italian ma/]s1 :ile ,david _h none save ) ! rigid ,roman antique4 ,by him ! ,classical sev]ity ( ,david 0 relax$1 ! refractory %>pness ( ! outl9es reliev$ by a treatm5t ( =m :i* _h ! effect ( mak+ e figure appe> to be work$ 9 metal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,+res4 ,,b]t9 ,,! ,,eld]4 7,by p]mission ( ,m4 ,jules ,bap/1 ! own] ( ! picture47 ,+res 0 born 9 #agha1 "u ! ,anci5 ,rgime4 ,z a "y man he liv$ ?r\gh ! triumphs ( ! ,empire & ! ,classical s*ool1 & x 0 only natural t he %\ld become ,david's pupil4 ,9 #agif he ent]$ 8 /udio1 & /udi$ !re ) su* assiduity t he nev] notic$ :at 0 tak+ place 9 t ( ,gros4 ,:5 he w5t to ,italy he /udi$ !re ! ma/]s :om 8 own tea*] _h arrogantly despis$4 ,he le>n$ f ! ,c9quec5to h[ to draw & model m accurately1 m firmly1 & at ! same "t ) a m intimate grasp ( ! subject ?an 0 usual 9 ! s*ool ( ,david4 ,?is innovation made him a progressive ,classici/1 & gave him1 dur+ ! e>ly ye>s ( ! ,re/oration1 almo/ ! appe>ance ( an assailant & revolution>y4 ,himself ! inc>nation ( ! academic _s1 he _h to resign himself to see 8 fir/ works reject$ by ! ,salon1 a fact :i* did n det] him f cont9u+ to "w ob/9ately at 8 easel4 ,je compte sur ma vieillesse2 elle me v5gea4 ,& ?is rev5ge 0 grant$ him 9 ! fulle/ measure4 ,:5 "o has se5 ! outw>d appe>ance ( a man1 "o kn[s 8 "*1 8 _s1 & 8 g5ius4 ,+res' portrait ( himself conta9s ! analysis ( 8 art4 ,he 0 q a small man1 ( a sw>?y complexion1 ) features %>p & z if ca/ 9 bronze4 ,8 ?ick black hair /ood up /ubbornly on end1 s t he _h to grease x c>efully e day4 ,"u hair ( ?is k9d !re is almo/ always an ob/9ate bra94 ,! jaws project$1 z is ! case ) m5 end[$ ) a /rong w4 ,! eyes 7 l>ge & pi]c+1 ) t bold eagle-glance :i* fills p>5ts ) fond hopes1 b does n t\* ! he>ts ( "y wom54 ,:5 he appe>$ to be excit$1 x 0 only ! excitem5t ( "w express+ itself 9 him4 ,?is little man1 9 8 l>ge cloak1 seem$ to say :5 he /ood at 8 easel1 p5cil 9 h&3 ,i %all be a great pa9t]1 = ,i am det]m9$ to be "o4 ,he kept 8 ^w4 ,/r5g? ( w1 h>d "w1 /udy1 ob/9acy1 pati5ce--^! are ! elem5ts ( :i* ,+res' tal5t is comp\nd$4 ,v\loir1 c'e/ p\voir1 0 8 motto4 ,"o w\ld ?9k ,buffon _h _h him 9 m9d 9 t passage 9 :i* he def9es g5ius z pati5ce4 ,! tr9ity-9-unity ( 8 qualities consi/$ ( correctness1 balance1 exactness2 qualities :i* g to make r a great ar*itect or ma!matician ?an an int]e/+ pa9t]4 ,+res' range ( subjects 0 unusually wide4 ,pictures on !mes tak5 f antiquity 7,o$ipus & ! ,sph9x & ,virgil read+ ! neid72 co/ume pictures 7,h5ry ,,iv & 8 ,*ildr5 & ! ,entry ( ,*>les ,v into ,p>is72 religi\s pa9t+s 7,madonnas1 ,*ri/ giv+ ! ,keys to ,/4 ,pet]1 & ,/4 ,symphorian72 nude female figures 7! ,odalisque1 ! ,lib]ation ( ,angelica1 & ,! ,s\rce72 allegories 7,! ,apo!osis ( ,hom] & ,! ,apo!osis ( ,napoleon72 pictures ( public functions 7,bonap>te z ,fir/ ,consul & ,napoleon on ! ,?rone72 & ev5 a pa9t+ tak5 f ! life 7,pius ,,vii 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel71 are includ$ 9 ! li/4 ,yet1 not)/&+ 8 a/oni%+ div]sity ( !mes1 !re is h>dly an arti/ m "o-sid$ 9 8 pr9ciples4 ,+res ?\ght exclusively ( purely pla/ic art3 beauty ( =m & h>mony ( l9e alone attract$ him2 he 0 ins5sible to ! *>m ( col\r4 ,8 /&po9t 0 ! ,in/itute ( ,rome2 ! ,italian ,c9quec5to ! exclusive object ( 8 wor%ip4 ,he c>ri$ ?is /udy z f> z plagi>ism1 & z director ( ! ,roman ,academy made free ) ! intellectual prop]ty ( ! ,c9quec5to ma/]s1 z if !y _h liv$ only on 8 acc\nt4 ,:5 ,delacroix 0 pa9t+ ! ,expulsion ( ,heliodorus 9 ,sa9t ,sulpice1 he put =? ! :ole /r5g? ( 8 creative g5ius to avoid all rem9isc5ce ( ,raphael's fresco4 ,+res' p[] ( inv5tion consi/$ 9 discov]+1 ) a weird c]ta9ty1 :e!r ! subject ( :i* he wi%$ to treat _h already be5 pa9t$ by an ,italian or o!r ,classical ma/]4 ,! picture ,jupit] & ,!tis1 ( #ahaa1 is put toge!r aft] a design on a ,greek vase1 & repres5ts 9 its /udi$ ar*aism ! g9etan p]iod ( 8 art4 ,! ,v[ ( ,l\is ,,xiii1 ( #ahbd1 0 8 confession ( fai? z reg>ds ! ,c9quec5to4 ,! motive 0 tak5 f ! ,madonna di ,foligno1 ! curta9s f ! ,madonna di ,san ,si/o1 ! float+ angels f ! ,madonna del ,baldac*9o1 & ! c&le/icks z well z ! little angels ) ! inscrib$ tablet are f ! same s\rce4 ,x is all beautiful1 ( c\rse1 = x is all ,raphael2 only1 x w\ld h be5 m rational if ,+res _h liv$ 9 ! "t ( ,raphael in/ead ( 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,"o w\ld take ! picture to h be5 pa9t$ "u ,raphael's eyes1 & x be>s to 8 works ! same relation z ,raphael's e>li] pictures d to ,p]ug9o's4 ,! ,*ri/ giv+ ! ,keys to ,/4 ,pet] is also put toge!r out ( elem5ts d]iv$ f ! s*ool ( ,urb9o4 ,9 8 ,/4 ,symphorian1 :i* 0 belaud$ z ! ne plus ultra ( /yle1 he turn$ by way ( v>iety to ! imitation ( ,mi*ael ,angelo3 ! action is viol5t1 ! muscles swoll54 ,! ,apo!osis ( ,hom] is an admirable lecture 9 ar*ology1 a sitt+ ( ! great academy ( g5ius1 9 :i* ! poses are s f9e & ! heads s full ( m>ble idealism t 9 comp>ison ) x ,raphael's ,s*ool ( ,a!ns has ! effect ( ! wilde/ naturalism4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,+res4 ,,/udy ,,= ,,! ,,odalisque ,,9 ,,! ,,l\vre4 ,?us ,fa!r ,+res /&s =? z a cold1 /iff1 academic pa9t]1 z a doctr9aire :o has n progress$ mu* fur!r ?an ! mu*-revil$ ,david4 ,he repres5ts1 z ,?4 ,r\sseau said1 only to a mod]ate degree ! good old art :i* we h lo/4 ,9 ! words ( ,diaz3 ,let him be %ut up ) me 9 a t[]1 )\t engrav+s1 & ,i wag] t 8 canvas w rema9 unt\*$1 :il/ ,i %all succe$ 9 produc+ a picture4 ,he possess$ an arid ability :i* leaves "o cold 9 pres5ce ( ev5 8 mo/ important works4 ,h[ lifeless is ! effect produc$ by 8 pa9t+s ( nude s+le figures1 8 ,odalisque & 8 ,free+ ( ,&rom$a1 :i* br\ght him especial fame6 ,+res c\ld n pa9t fle%1 & 9 ?is respect he is indicative ( an enorm\s retrogression z comp>$ ) ,prudhon4 ,! /riv+ aft] sculpturesque beauty1 &1 9 connection !re)1 ! repression ( all individuality1 became 9 him almo/ a religion4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,+res4 ,,! ,,s\rce4 ,"o f9ds x difficult to-day to acc\nt = ! fame :i* once belong$ to 8 picture ( ,! ,s\rce1 ! nude figure ( a /&+ girl p\r+ wat] out ( an urn t re/s on h] left %\ld] & is /eadi$ by h] "r arm rais$ ov] h] head4 ,! picture und\bt$ly exhibits qualities ( draughtsman%ip :i* 9 rec5t days ,+res alone possess$ 9 s high a degree4 ,b :51 9 pursuit ( 8 ,classical conception1 he _h elim9at$ e t\* ( nature1 he proce$$ to de/roy ! re/ ( ! impression by ! cold violet tones :i* are n only condemn$ by col\ri/s1 b :i* ev5 ,raphael w\ld h consid]$ false & ugly4 ,"h1 z 9 all 8 female figures1 he atta9s to a c]ta9 grace1 b x is an animal1 expressionless grace4 ,skilful z he 0 9 del9eat+ ! muscles ( ! human body1 he 0 yet absolutely incapable ( pa9t+ heads expressive ( feel+ or emotion4 ,he depict$ ! =m 9 itself1 ! ab/ract1 typical1 absolute =m4 ,he 0 dom9at$ only by a love = ! beaut suprme1 s t :5 he 0 9 pres5ce ( nature he c\ld n refra9 f purify+ & g5]alis+4 ,ev]y:]e we see beautiful l9es1 bodies modell$ ) admirable skill1 b we nev] ent] into any clos] relation%ip ) 8 figures4 ,!y d n live our life or brea! our atmosph]e2 !y h n our ?\ghts3 !y are =eign to all t is human4 ,jean ,augu/e ,dom9ique ,+res1 ,memb] ( ! ,in/itute1 ,s5ator1 etc41 ! /yli/ held 9 hon\r z a sup]ior be+1 ! high-prie/ ( pure =m & outl9e1 w 9 all times comm& ! e/eem1 & 9 "s respects ! admiration1 ( ! /ud5t ( ! hi/ory ( art2 ! en?usiasm1 nev]4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,+res4 ,,o$ipus ,,& ,,! ,,sph9x4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,+res4 ,,pagan9i4 ,& yet1 not)/&+ all ?is1 ,i am an en?usia/ic admir] ( ,+res4 ,inde$1 x has happ5$ to me1 9 ! collection ( engrav+s at ! ,l\vre1 to cat* myself say+3 ,+res6 great1 belov$ ,ma/]6 ,i h mu* to ask y\r p>don2 = y 7 "o ( ! greate/ & mo/ ref9$ spirits to :om ! c5tury has giv5 bir?4 ,= ,i d\bt :e!r any "o d[n to ! pres5t "t has rightly und]/ood ! my/]i\s figure ( ,+res1 ! man :o 9 8 y\? 0 enraptur$ by l'esprit1 la grce1 l'orig9alit de ,vataux et la dlicieuse c\leur de ses tableaux1 & :o1 at a lat] "t1 n because ( fail+ p[]s b delib]ately & ( set purpose1 adopt$ a calm] sy/em ( col\r tones2 ( ?is ,classici/ p> excell5ce1 :o is c\nt$ among ! greate/ arti/s1 9 ! famili> & graceful /yle1 9 ! hi/ory ( art4 ,+res is "o ( ! r>e ma/]s :om ev5 _! oppon5ts are =c$ to admire4 ,9 ! /]n1 sculpturesque modell+ ( 8 nak$ figures he displays rem>kable p[]4 ,8 pa9t+1 also1 has a curi\sly intimate appeal1 due to its cool1 metallic h>monies ( col\r--light blue1 rose1 & pale yell[ 9 p>ticul>4 ,b above all ,+res comm&s att5tion by 8 portraits4 ,f 8 fir/ resid5ce at ,rome1 t is1 f ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 he pa9t$ portraits :i* impr9t !mselves on ! memory l m$als /ruck 9 metallic %>pness 9 ! /yle ( ,mantegna4 ,"h too he is unequal1 at times cold & commonplace1 b usually q admirable4 ,9 ^! pa9t+s1 ca/ z x 7 9 bronze1 !re is some?+ t comes f ! fre% orig9al s\rce ( all art2 !y h t ve9 ( realism by :i* ! vigor\s idealism ( ,raphael is di/+ui%$ f ! conv5tional idealism ( a pr(essor ( hi/orical pa9t+4 ,"h "o f9ds real treasures1 creations ( rem>kable vital p[]1 & 9 admirable ta/e4 ,!y %[ t ,+res1 app>5tly s sy/ematic1 _h a pr(\nd love = liv+ nature1 & !y ensure ! immortality ( 8 "n4 ,8 hi/orical pictures are works :i* compel our e/eem1 b 8 portraits are spl5did creations :i* c truly /& comp>ison ) ! great old ma/]s4 ,s f> back z #ahjf !re appe>$ 9 ! ,salon 8 lik5ess ( ,napoleon ,i1 ) 8 bloodless1 corpse-l face1 en*as$ ) su* art t ,delcluze call$ x a ,go?ic m$al4 ,! ,emp]or is seat$ l a wax figure ^u ! ?rone1 surr\nd$ by ! attributes ( maje/y--/iff1 motionless z a ,byzant9e idol4 ,x 0 foll[$ 9 #ahjg by ! portrait ( ,mme4 ,devauay1 :i* ev5 to-day impresses ! behold] mo/ pleas+ly1 not)/&+ ! p$antic /yle 9 :i* x is pa9t$4 ,"o feels 9 x fire & y\?fulness1 ! en?usiasm & ard\r ( a new conv]t1 :o has = ! fir/ "t discov]$ 9 nature beauties o!r ?an ^? he _h le>nt to see 9 ! ,academy4 ,moreov]1 he possess$ a v di/+ui%$ & p]sonal ta/e 9 draw+4 ,! face is ( exquisite grace1 ! eyes t5d]ly s$uctive & delicately veil$4 ,+res is already ann\nc$ z he 0 aft]w>ds to be4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,+res4 ,,mlle4 ,,de ,,montgolfi]4 ,9 ,holbe9's portraits ! :ole ,g]man community ( 8 "t has be5 h&$ d[n to u2 9 ,van ,dyck's1 ! ari/ocracy ( ,engl& "u ,*>les ,i4 ,s also ,+res has depict$ = u1 ) all its fail+s & all its virtues1 ! middle-class hi]>*y ( ,l\is ,philippe's reign1 :i* felt itself to be ! fir/ e/ate1 ! summit ( ! nation1 felt sure ( ! morr[1 0 pr\d ( itself1 ( its intellig5ce & en]gy1 :i* pursu$ ) correctness its moral c\rse ( life1 rev]$ ord] & hat$ all excess--includ+ t ( ! col\ri/4 ,! same _s animat$ ?is spl5did b\rgeois ( art4 ,8 ,b]t9 ! ,eld] is ju/ly 8 mo/ celebrat$1 endur+ "w2 n ! m]e pa9t$ petrifaction ( a newspap] pot5tate1 b "o ( ^? portraits :i* br+ a :ole epo* home to ! m9d4 ,x tells ( ! triumph ( ! b\rgeoisie "u ! ,mon>*y ( ,july m fully & cle>ly ?an does ,l\is ,blanc's ,hi/oire de ,dix ,ans4 ,9 ! be/ ( hum\rs1 ) ! f\r-squ>e solidity ( a k ( 8 own wor?1 :i* is full ( "*1 ?is mod]n newspap] demi-god sits on 8 *air z on a ?rone1 ! ?rone ( ! ,j\rnal des ,dbats1 l a b\rgeois ,jupit] ,tonans1 ) 8 h&s on 8 knees4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,+res4 ,,! ,,=e/i] ,,family4 ,b h[ev] highly "o mu/ e/imate ! importance ( su* a "w1 ,+res is nev]!less at 8 highe/1 n 9 8 pa9t$ lik5esses1 b 9 8 portrait draw+s4 ,9 ! =m] ! h>d col\r+ is /ill1 at times1 (f5sive4 ,almo/ always ! fle% looks l wood1 ! dress l metal1 blue robes l /eel4 ,8 draw+s1 f :i* ?is defect is abs5t1 are to be admir$ )\t criticism4 ,+res liv$ 9 8 y\?1 at ,rome1 z a draw] ( portraits4 ,= eight scudi he did ! bu/1 = twelve ! :ole figure1 rag+ inw>dly ! :ile at be+ kept f great art by su* j\rney-"w4 ,!re is a /ory told ( him1 t :5 "o day an ,engli%man knock$ at 8 door & ask$1 ,does ! draughtsman :o makes ! small portraits live "h8 he %ut ! door 9 8 face1 ) ! words3 ,no2 he :o lives "h is a pa9t]4 ,to-day ^! small ma/]pieces ( :i* he 0 a%am$ sell = _! weight 9 gold4 ,9 ! ,p>is ,exhibition ( #ahhi !re 0 ,mme4 ,*auv9 ) h] ,*9ese eyes2 ,mme4 ,besn>d on ! t]race ( ! ,p9cio ) h] broad hat & h] elegant sun%ade2 ,mrs4 ,h5t+ ) h] innoc5t smile ( an honnte femme2 ,mrs4 ,cav5di%1 an affect$ "y blonde1 ) h] ov]lad5 travell+ dress & h] crazy coiffure4 ,/range1 t a man l ,+res %\ld rave s ab\t new fa%ions & pretty toilettes6 ,9 ^! pieces an arti/ic eye :i* 0 n[ inexorable1 n[ t5d] & full ( fancy1 has look$ on nature1 &1 9 fl[+ p5cil-/rokes1 has caught ) _s & ) ! c]ta9 t\* ( direct feel+ ! real fulness ( life 9 :at he saw4 ,^! draw+s1 especially ! portrait ( ,pagan9i & ,! ,=e/i] ,family1 %[ t ,fa!r ,+res possess$ n only a highly cultivat$ intellig5ce & an iron /r5g? ( w1 n only ! g5ius ( indu/ry1 b also a he>t1 a g5u9e1 w>m1 & f9e-feel+ he>t2 t he 0 9 8 inn]mo/ be+ by no means ! cold academician1 ! /iff doctr9aire he appe>s 9 8 l>ge pictures1 & :i* he became by 8 opposition to ! ,romantic s*ool4 ,"h we h an en*ant] su* z ! ,primitives 7 & ! ,impressioni/s are1 l ,massys & ,manet1 l ,dr] & ,degas1 l all :o h look$ ,nature 9 ! face4 ,& :ile ^! draw+s1 at once occasional & au/]e1 place him z a draughtsman on a level ) ! greate/ ma/]s 9 ! hi/ory ( art1 !y also %[ him1 ! reaction>y1 to be at ! same "t a man ( progress1 ! connect+ l9k betwe5 ! great art ( ! fir/ half & ! famili> art :i* rules ov] ! second half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,ju/e-,,milieu ,z is usually ! case1 ! h]oes 7 succe$$ by a g5]ation less h]oic & m practical4 ,9 ?is1 art 0 9 keep+ ) ! delib]ate & tranquil c\rse ( ! /ate itself1 :i* _h fall5 back aga9 into ! old groove1 & ) ! homely1 ,phili/9e "* assum$ 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s by ! citiz5 mon>*y ( ! tricol\r4 ,! b\rgeoisie :i* _h effect$ ! ,revolution ( #ahcj 0 soon appall$ at its own tem]ity4 ,ev5 9 lit]ature x incl9$ t[>ds a temp]ate & lukew>m m$iocrity4 ,x 0 a/oni%$ to f9d itself admir+ ,casimir ,delavigne4 ,x f\nd 9 ,aub] & ,scribe its ideal ( music & com$y1 z 9 ,guizot1 ,du*tel1 ,?i]s1 & ,odilon ,b>rot its ideal ( politics4 ,! intellectual exaltation :i* _h gone be=e & foll[$ aft] ! ,revolution ( ,july _h calm$ d[n1 & t :i* 0 to rise out ( ! ,revolution ( ,febru>y 0 z yet lat5t4 ,! same eld] g5]ation :i* _h look$ ^u ,napoleon ,bonap>te's /ony ,cs>ian eye1 :51 l a god ( w>1 unapproa*able 9 8 p[] he rode by at ! head ( 8 /aff1 n[ saw ! ,roi ,citoy51 ! long-exil$ ex-s*ool-ma/]1 homely & fond ( law & ord]1 z e day at ! same h\r he pass$ alone on foot & 9 pla9 clo!s ?r\gh ! /reets ( ,p>is1 ! fam\s umbrella 9 8 h&1 rew>d+ ea* ,vive le ,roi6 ) a fri5dly smile & a grateful h&-%ake4 ,! umbrella became ! symbol ( ?is de$less mon>*y1 & ! ^w ,ju/e-milieu1 :i* ,l\is ,philippe _h once employ$ to indicate ! c\rse to be foll[$1 became ! nickname ( all t 0 weak & )\t en]gy1 lu/reless & undignifi$1 9 ! age4 ,! gold5 mean 0 triumphant 9 politics1 lit]ature1 & pa9t+4 ,! arti/s :o gave ?is p]iod its peculi> /amp con/itute1 z comp>$ ) ! heav5-assault+ g5]ation ( #ahcj1 only1 z x 71 a collat]al female bran* ( t eld] male l9e ( good pa9t+4 ,to reconcile opposite t5d5cies1 to avoid h>%ness1 9 %ort1 to br+ ab\t an arti/ic compromise betwe5 ,+res & ,delacroix1 0 ! end t[>ds :i* _! ef=ts 7 *iefly direct$4 ,jean ,gig\x1 a rem>kable arti/1 has ! m]it ( hav+ giv5 ! mo/ effective support :i* ,delacroix receiv$ 9 8 battle aga9/ ! beaut suprme ( ! ,classical s*ool4 ,:51 9 ! ,univ]sal ,exhibition ( #ahhi at ,p>is1 8 picture ( ,! ,la/ ,mom5ts ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 pa9t$ 9 #ahce1 em]g$ f ! seclusion ( a prov9cial museum1 its heal?y fidelity to nature 0 ! cause ( g5]al a/oni%m5t4 ,! p]sonages inde$ we> co/ly co/umes1 & are surr\nd$ by weal? & magnific5ce1 b !y !mselves are common1 ugly human be+s4 ,"h !re is no trace ( idealism1 n ev5 9 ! s5se ( ,gricault1 :o1 not)/&+ 8 love ( tru?1 rema9$ fai?ful to ! h]oic type4 ,! faces are1 ) religi\s devotion1 pa9t$ exactly aft] nature by a man :o evid5tly lov$ ! y\?ful works ( ,gu]c9o & _h zeal\sly /udi$ ,dr]4 ,at ! same "t 0 exhibit$ ! portrait ( ! ,poli% ,g5]al ,dw]nicki1 pa9t$ 9 #ahcc1 :om also ,gig\x depicts z a man1 n z a h]o4 ,w> has made him n lean b fat1 & 9 ,gig\x's picture 8 r$ nose & prom95t /oma* are reproduc$ ) cruel fidelity to nature4 ,x is a decl>ation ( w> aga9/ e k9d ( idealism4 ,ev5 9 8 religi\s pa9t+s 9 ,sa9t ,g]ma9 l',aux]rois he held fa/ to ?is pr9ciple1 & ?is circum/ance gives him a place to himself1 ap>t f all ! productions ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,9 a p]iod :i*1 ) ! solit>y exception ( ,delacroix1 0 /ill absolutely devot$ to ! doctr9e ,exagr] la beaut1 8 works are ( a heal?y1 s\l-refre%+ ugl9ess4 ,a portion ( ,delacroix's *>m 9 col\r desc5d$ to ,eugne ,isabey4 ,he is c]ta9ly n a great arti/1 b a delightful1 sympa!tic individuality1 a pa9t] :o af=ds "o pleasure ev5 at ?is day4 ,amid ! gr\p ( ,classici/s ( 8 "t he has ! effect ( a beautiful pat* ( col\r1 ( a palette on :i* %ades ( t5d] blue1 mauve1 lilac1 brilliant gre51 silv]-grey1 r$ fad$ by sun%9e1 & opalesc5t "m-(-pe>l comb9e 9 subtle h>mony4 ,8 pretty1 picturesquely co/um$ ladies are gr\p$ toge!r 9 lum9\s g>d5s1 %elt]$ by delicate half-%ad[s1 or asc5d & desc5d ! ca/le /airs1 lett+ _! long tra9s sweep beh9d !m1 & toy+ gracefully ) fan or sun%ade2 :ile gallant cavali]s d !m homage1 & ) b5t head :isp] sweet no?+s 9 _! e>s4 ,! sl5d] greyh\nd plays a special "p 9 ^! ari/ocratic com$ies2 its /raight l9es give a c\nt]poise to ! s(t fl[+ co/umes ( 8 figures4 ,isabey is altoge!r 9 8 elem5t :5 he has to portray a c]emony requir+ ri* attire4 ,!n he b9ds toge!r1 z x 71 a b\quet sp>kl+ ) col\r1 %ot ) ! hues ( ample damask folds & heavy gold-embroid]$ silk4 ,n[ 8 col\r+ is *ic1 caprici\s1 & coquetti%1 n[ x is t ( ! mo/ delicate fad$ ,gobel9 tape/ry4 ,if he has to pa9t a sea-view1 he rumples ! waves ab\t l a ball-dress & pranks ! %ips up 9 bridal attire4 ,8 v /orms h a fe/al appe>ance1 l ! ang] ( a beautiful woman4 ,"o mu/ n look = life 9 8 pictures2 !y are to ! tru? mu* :at ,g\nod's ,fau/ is to ,goe!'s4 ,watteau is 8 spiritual ance/or2 b he is n s full ( life & wit z ! pa9t] ( ! gallant _w ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,he does n depict 8 contempor>ies1 b ! life ( a vani%$ age2 yet he has ! same pr$ilection = sc5es ( high life1 & a /udi$1 mann]$ gracefulness :i* is (t5 *>m+ & always pleasant to ! eye4 ,he %>es ) ,delacroix ! latt]'s broad /yle1 fre$om f con/ra9t1 & delight 9 col\r4 ,b :]e ,delacroix is r\gh & viol5t1 ,isabey is c>ess+ & ins9uat+3 !y are n bro!rs1 b di/ant c\s9s4 ,&1 l ,delacroix1 he _h no imitators2 he w5t on 8 bright & delightful pa? 9 solitude1 & rema9$ )\t companions 9 ! little gild$ h\se1 lit up ) fanta/ic lant]ns1 :i* he assign$ to be ! coquetti% home ( *>m+ be+s ( bo? sexes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ary ,,s*eff]4 ,l',art4 ,a curi\s position1 half-way betwe5 ! ,romantic & ! ,classical s*ools1 0 occupi$ by ,ary ,s*eff]1 :o 01 a g5]ation ago1 ! fav\rite ( ! great] "p ( ! ari/ocracy ( ,europe1 b is n[ kn[n1 to ! ,g]man public at lea/1 only because he is said to h pa9t$ ) snuff & gre5 soap--a phrase ( ,he9e's1 :i*1 h[ev]1 gives a v false impression ( him4 ,a ,g]man-,dut*man by bir?1 a ,classici/ by tra9+1 ,s*eff] 9 8 y\? came also 9 contact ) ! lead+ spirits ( ! ,romantic s*ool2 & ^! v>i\s influ5ces1 ( race1 education1 & int]c\rse1 are cle>ly reflect$ 9 ! faces ( 8 figures4 ,8 =ms are ?or\ghly classic & g5]alis$2 only ! expression ( ! face is ideal1 :ile ! eye is romantic1 &1 ,s*eff]'s ,g]man blood mak+ itself felt--s5tim5tal4 ,x 0 precisely ?is mid-way position :i* 8 contempor>ies f\nd s mu* to _! lik+4 ,!y call$ 8 pa9t+ a great art full ( /yle1 unit+ ! s5tim5t ( ideal beauty ) a captivat+ p[] ( expression4 ,b hi/ory c>es b little = ^! m5 ( compromise1 & reg>ds ?is indecision z ! *ief defect ( 8 g5ius4 ,s*eff]'s draughtsman%ip is dry & h>d1 8 col\r+ )\t t5d]ness or *>m4 ,^! fail+s are ill-assort$ ) ! attitudes & physiognomy ( 8 figures1 :i* h always an affectation ( weakness1 exhau/ion1 & moral suff]+4 ,he is a s5tim5tal ,classici/1 & 8 subjects ! anti!sis ( ! ,grco-,roman ideal to :i* he does homage 9 8 te*nique4 ,8 ,suliote ,wom5 0 already1 9 s5tim5t1 =m1 & col\r1 only a subdu$ & weak5$ rem9isc5ce ( ! ,massacre ( ,*ios4 ,at a lat] "t he entirely =sook hi/orical subjects 7su* z ,ga/on de ,foix & o!rs71 & atta*$ himself ) en?usiasm to ! ,gospels & to ! works ( ! poets1 especially ( "o poet4 ,:5 he _h rec\rse to ! ,bible z a s\rce ( inspiration1 he select$ t5d] episodes1 ! sadness ( :i* he transmut$ into te>fulness4 ,s also1 :5 he repres5t$ sc5es f ,fau/ or ,wilhelm ,mei/]1 he gave to ,goe!'s animat$ & impassion$ *>act]s some?+ melan*oly1 suff]+1 & contemplative4 ,he9e said ( 8 ,gret*53 ,y are no d\bt ,wolfgang ,goe!'s ,gret*51 b y h read all ,fri$ri* ,s*ill]4 ,ev5 be=e h] fall1 be=e %e is 9 love1 ,m>gu]ite is p5sive & sad l a fall5 angel4 ,mignon1 ,francesca da ,rim9i1 & ,/4 ,monica 7 also fav\rite figures = 8 delicate & contemplative _s4 ,he alone 9 ,fr5* art incl9es a little1 9 8 te>ful s5tim5tality1 to ! ,romantic s*ool ( ,dsseldorf4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,ary ,,s*eff]4 ,,m>gu]ite ,,at ,,! ,,well4 ,hippolyte ,fl&r9 0 ! ,fr5* c\nt]p>t ( ! ,g]man ,naz>5es4 ,he is an example ( h[ ,+res' tea*+ result$ 9 /iff conv5tionality4 ,+res 0 a dang]\s ma/] to foll[4 ,8 pupils =m$ r\nd him a small1 fai?ful1 & submissive b&1 swore l ^? ( ,cornelius by ! ma/]'s doctr9es1 & = t v reason nev] atta9$ to any di/9ctive "* ( _! own4 ,none ( !m possess$ ,+res' _m-sid$ tal5t4 ,8 empire1 l t ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 0 divid$ among 8 successors1 ea* ( :om gov]n$ 8 own little realm ) great] or less ability4 ,hippolyte ,fl&r9 devot$ himself to religi\s pa9t+1 :i* 9 8 h&s = ! fir/ "t rega9$ a great] importance 9 ,fr5* art2 b he foll[$ mu* m slavi%ly ?an ,+res 9 ! pa?s ( ! ,italian ma/]s ( ! f\rte5? & fifte5? c5turies4 ,?is pa9t]1 wor?y ( respect1 full ( conviction1 le>n$ & ( /]l+ wor?1 b col\rless & cold1 :o decorat$ ! *ur*es ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul & ,/4 ,g]ma9 des ,prs1 has enri*$ ! hi/ory ( art by no new gift4 ,an indefatigable work]1 b end[$ ) little intellectual p[]1 he w5t no fur!r ?an to foll[ out /rictly ! rules :i* ,+res taught 8 pupils & _h himself acquir$ f ! old ma/]s4 ,aft] ,fl&r91 z w9n] ( ! ,prix de ,rome 9 #ahca1 _h become intimately acqua9t$ ) ! art treasures ( ,italy1 he seldom met ) any difficulty4 ,8 c>toons are fl[+ly & correctly execut$ ) a firm h&1 l ! fair copy ( a s*ool essay4 ,( draughtsman%ip he knew all t is to be le>n$2 he rememb]$ mu*1 arrang$ 8 rem9isc5ces1 & ?\ght little = himself4 ,he 0 a m9iature copy ( 8 ma/]1 at once m poorly end[$ & m fanatical1 a purely ma!matical g5ius2 8 art is a cold geometrical k1 ! adaptation ( anatomical /udies to conv5tional =ms1 an arrangem5t ( gr\ps & drap]ies 9 /rict accordance ) celebrat$ exempl>s4 ,_h n ! primitive ,italian ma/]s1 ! pa9t]s ( ! anci5t ,*ri/ian catacombs1 ! sa9tly ,fra ,angelico1 & ! mosaic arti/s ( ,rav5na done _! "w long be=e him1 ,fl&r9's pa9t+s w\ld nev] h se5 ! light1 any m ?an ^? ( ! ,naz>5e s*ool4 ,9 bo? cases "o c assign almo/ e face & figure to its orig9al 9 ! pictures ( ! ,italian ma/]s4 ,only a c]ta9 blond1 t5d]1 slightly melan*oly1 mod]n face ( a ,*ri/ian maid5 is ,fl&r9's peculi> prop]ty4 ,he transf]r$ ^! same ascetic & pure pr9ciples to portrait pa9t+1 & !reby acquir$ = himself a l>ge practice z ! pa9t] ( ! femme honnte4 ,^! wom5 conv]s$ ) him & blu%$ 9 8 pres5ce2 9 8 pictures we f9d grace & delicacy1 eyes sp>kl+ or meek1 t5d]ness & mock+ laught]1 all translat$ into a nun-l1 unapproa*able appe>ance1 :i* "u ! ,second ,empire ga9$ ! great] approbation among ladies1 s9ce x 0 seldom f\nd 9 real life4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,*ass]iau4 ,,apollo ,,& ,,daphne4 ,alongside ( ?is ,ov]beck1 end[$ ) great] arti/ic p[]s ?an 8 ,g]man cong5]1 !re /&s z ! ,fr5* ,cornelius ,paul ,*5av>d1 a man :o revolv$ 9 8 f]tile bra9 philosophical conceptions deep] almo/ ?an ^? ( ! ,g]man ma/]4 ,he dream$ ( broad1 symbolical1 decorative pieces1 embrac+ all "t & all space1 :]e9 all ! cosmogonies ( ! univ]se %\ld be unit$4 ,l ,cornelius1 he wi%$ to be a ,mi*ael ,angelo1 b he succe$$ no bett] ?an ! ,g]man4 ,he sp5t fifte5 ye>s 9 ! *ur*es & museums ( ,italy1 p5cil 9 h&1 accumulat+ a va/ collection ( /udies1 f :i* 8 great pa9t$ hi/ory ( ! _w 0 to be built up4 ,b :5 he w5t back to ,p>is 8 mat]ials f ! old ma/]s _h gr[n ^u him to su* an ext5t t he nev] recov]$ 8 individuality4 ,= f\r ye>s he work$ ) fev]i% dilig5ce1 & complet$ eighte5 c>toons1 ea* six metres 9 height & f\r 9 bread?1 int5d$ = ! walls ( ! ,pan!on4 ,s f> z col\r is conc]n$1 !y h atta9$ no great] success ?an ! ,campo ,santo frescoes ( ,cornelius4 ,*5av>d c\ld draw mu* bett] ?an ! ,g]man1 b 0 n mu* bett] z a pa9t]2 ! works ( bo? h a lit]>y r ?an an arti/ic value4 ,brief & brilliant 0 ! c>e] ( ,?odore ,*assriau1 :o %ot across ! heav5s ( art l a gleam+ meteor1 fir/ z a devotee ( =m1 9 ,+res' s5se ( ! ^w1 & aft]w>ds1 l ,delacroix1 z an en?usia/ic lov] ( sun%9e & ! cle> light ( ,africa4 ,born 9 #ahai at ,/4 ,dom+o1 he foll[$ 8 tea*] ,+res 9 #ahcd to ! ,villa ,m$ici2 b ev5 9 8 fir/ picture1 ! ,susanna ( #ahci1 n[ 9 ! ,l\vre1 he prov$ himself by no means an or?odox pupil4 ,he has n ! lea/ und]/&+ = ! ideas or ! *anges :i* h ent]$ into art 9 our "t1 & kn[s absolutely no?+ ( ! poets ( rec5t days4 ,he w live on z a rem9isc5ce & a reproduction ( c]ta9 ages 9 ! art ( ! pa/1 )\t hav+ creat$ any?+ to h& d[n to ! future4 ,my wi%es & my ideas d n 9 ! lea/ correspond ) 84 ,9 ^! words ,*assriau has himself po9t$ out :at x 0 t di/+ui%$ him f ,+res4 ,un=tunately he produc$ b little4 ,p]sonally a v elegant1 blas g5tleman1 he plung$ on 8 return f ,italy into ! :irlpool ( ,p>isian life4 ,he 0 rem>kably ugly2 b 8 black1 pi]c+ eyes made him ! idol ( ! ladies1 & he hurri$ ?r\gh life ) su* ha/e t he broke d[n altoge!r at ! age ( ?irty-six4 ,beyond v>i\s decorative pa9t+s = ! *ur* ( ,sa9t ,mry & = ! ,salle des ,comptes 9 ! ,palais d',orsay1 only a few ,ea/]n pictures1 &1 be/ & mo/ *>act]i/ic1 a c\ple ( li?ographs1 rema9 to repres5t 8 "w4 ,9 ^! delicate my?ological compositions a *ord is /ruck :i* f\nd no e*o until1 a g5]ation lat]1 x 0 he>d aga9 9 ! "w ( ! ,fr5* ,new ,ideali/s & ! ,engli% ,pre-,raphaelites3 !re speaks 9 !m a ,romantic ,hell5ism1 a some?+ dreamily my/ic1 :i* makes him a rem>kable l9k betwe5 ,delacroix & ! mo/ ref9$ _s 9 ! mod]n s*ool1 ,gu/ave ,moreau4 ,x 0 purely an act ( gratitude 9 ,moreau :5 he affix$ ! d$ication ,to ,?odore ,*assriau to 8 f9e picture ( ,! ,"y ,man & ,dea?4 ,lon ,b5\ville w be rememb]$ only = 8 picture ( ! ,dea? ( ,/4 ,francis1 9 ! ,l\vre1 a good piece ( "w 9 ! mann] ( ! ,quattroc5to4 ,lon ,cogniet des]ves to be m5tion$ because 9 ! fifties he br\ght toge!r 9 8 /udio s _m =eign pupils1 especially ,g]mans4 ,he enjoy$ above all o!rs ! reputation ( be+ able to initiate beg9n]s bo? quickly & ) c]ta9ty into ! peculi> my/]ies ( craftsman%ip4 ,all t a ma/] c tea*1 & t c be le>n$ f 8 example1 0 to be obta9$ f ?is k9d & fa!rly in/ructor4 ,ev5 aft] he _h long giv5 up pa9t+1 8 grateful pupils us$ to meet toge!r ye>ly at a banquet giv5 9 ! patri>*'s hon\r4 ,z an arti/ he belongs to ! li/ ( ! great m5 :o h paid = ov]praise 9 _! lifetime by oblivion aft] _! dea?4 ,8 ,massacre ( ! ,innoc5ts ( #ahbd--;a woman :o1 mad ) t]ror1 ?9ks to hide h]self & h] *ild f ! assass9s ( ,be?lehem "u an op5 /airway--c\ld give pleasure only 9 a "t :i* hail$ ) en?usiasm ,ary ,s*eff]'s heads resembl+ pla/] bu/s full ( expression4 ,occasionally1 too1 he pa9t$ l&scapes--! *im]ical1 vague creations ( a man :o _h liv$ b little 9 ! op5 air4 ,8 f9e/ picture1 ,t9toretto ,pa9t+ 8 ,dead ,daught] by ,lamplight1 ( #ahdc1 ! engrav+s ( :i* once enraptur$ ,france & ,g]many1 has to-day a some:at insipid effect1 & %[s :i!r 8 g5ius 0 lead+ him--9 te*nique a co>s] ,s*alck51 9 s5tim5t a weak] ,del>o*e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cogniet4 ,,t9toretto ,,pa9t+ ,,8 ,,dead ,,daught]4 ,del>o*e 0 ! ,titian ( ,l\is ,philippe's age1 ! spoil$ *ild ( ! ,ju/e-milieu1 "o ( ! mo/ insignificant & at ! same "t "o ( ! mo/ fam\s pa9t]s ( ! c5tury2 & 9 ?is d\ble capacity is an int]e/+ pro( t 9 art ! ,vox populi is seldom ! ,vox ,dei4 ,:at a diff]5ce betwe5 him & ! great spirits ( ! ,romantic s*ool6 ,!y 7 en?usia/ic poets2 _! pr$ilection = ,m$ivalism 0 conc]n$ only ) its /hetic *>m1 ) ! twilight %ad[s ( its picturesque *ur*es1 ! s\nd+ presage ( its bells1 ! motley processions ( t _w gleam+ bright ) un9t]rupt$ col\r4 ,& :at fur!r allur$ _! imag9ative p[]s 0 ! unruly "* ( c]ta9 epo*s1 ! de/ructive w> ( wild factions1 & ! blaz+1 consum+ p[] ( passion4 ,! hi/orical motive1 z su*1 0 ) !m only a pretext = laun*+ =? into fla%+ orgies ( col\r1 accord+ to ! example1 :i* !y foll[$ m]ely 9 ext]nals1 ( ! ,v5etian & ,flemi% ma/]s4 ,!y knew1 z g5u9e pa9t]s1 t only 9 ! pigm5t on _! palette slumb]s t p[] ( excit+ emotion by means ( :i* ! art ( pa9t+ t\*es ! *ords ( m5's s\ls4 ,en?usia/s ( col\r & ( passion1 !y rav$ ab\t ! poets m]ely because ! latt] m readily enabl$ !m1 by means ( ! fi]ce vehem5ce ( ! awak5$ p[]s ( nature1 to inve/ ) =m ! fev]i%1 agitat$1 & t]rible dreams ( _! fantasy4 ,s x 0 t ,delacroix told ( conflagration1 ( battle & w>f>e1 ( murd] & pillage1 ( ! bitt]ness & pa9s ( love4 ,at ! same "t1 no d\bt1 he /udi$ ! v>i-col\r$ co/umes ( pa/ ages--8 draw+s %[ z mu*--b he made use ( !m simply z a /oreh\se ( bright hues1 z a lexicon by means ( :i* he might embody 8 visions ( col\r4 ,to manufacture hi/orical vignettes & play ! "p ( a tea*] ( hi/ory w\ld h be5 9 8 eyes a ?+ to be held 9 contempt z ! "w ( subs]vi5t illu/rators4 ,yet p]haps x 0 by tak+ ?is v c\rse t f> great] successes 7 to be atta9$1 s f> z ! v]dict ( ! multitude is consid]$4 ,! decade foll[+ ^u #ahbj 0 a season ( brilliant blossom = ! art ( writ+ hi/ory 9 ,france4 ,by 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,revolution1 9 #ahbf1 ,guizot won = himself a place 9 ! =emo/ rank ( ,fr5* au?ors4 ,he began 9 #ahbi 8 fam\s lectures at ! ,sorbonne1 & comm5c$ 9 #ahcb ! publication ( 8 ,s\rces ( ,fr5* ,hi/ory4 ,ev5 be=e him1 ,augu/9 ,?i]ry _h writt5 9 #ahbe 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,conque/ ( ,engl& by ! ,normans1 foll[$ by ,/ories f ! ,m]ov+ian ,times1 & 0 n[ engag$ 9 ! prep>ation ( 8 great "w1 ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,orig9 & ,progress ( ! ,?ird ,e/ate4 ,n unwor?y to be comp>$ ) ^! writ]s1 & soon to /& beside !m1 7 two "y m5 work+ 9 collaboration--,mignet & ,?i]s--:o came to ! front 9 #ahbc-bd ) _! ,hi/ory ( ! ,revolution4 ,at ! impulse ?us giv51 hi/orical societies & unions _h aris5 9 e prov9ce ( ,france1 & 7 develop+ an ev]-increas+ activity4 ,:at le>n+ _h begun1 poetry c>ri$ fur!r4 ,a numb] ( writ]s1 "y & old1 began to consid] :at poetic use might be made ( ! mat]ials :i* ^! inve/igations _h br\ght to light1 & few ye>s _h pass$ be=e ! numb] ( hi/orical romances & dramas 0 h>dly to be comput$4 ,vitet1 ! eld] ,dumas1 & de ,vigny put hi/orical trag$y 9 ! place ( classical1 & ! mod]n novel ( ,george ,s&1 ,balzac1 & ,beyle 0 ou/$ by ! hi/orical romance4 ,dur+ ! same ye>s 0 complet$ ! process by :i* gr& op]a =sook fanta/ic = hi/orical subjects1 su* z ,aub]'s ,muette de ,portici & ,ross9i's ,guillaume ,tell4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cogniet4 ,,! ,,massacre ,,( ,,! ,,innoc5ts4 ,art also s\ght to turn to acc\nt ! new mat]ials furni%$ by hi/orical sci5ce1 & /hetic m9ds ha/5$ to enum]ate ! advantages :i* 7 to be expect$ ( x4 ,on ! "o h&--& ?is 0 no?+ new--! arti/1 ^: curse x 0 to be born 9 an inactive & col\rless age1 w\ld f9d "h all t he s\ght1 = hi/ory (f]$ him ! contemplation ( a magnific5t life1 full ( movem5t4 ,on ! o!r h&--& ?is 0 ! *ief po9t--pa9t+ might also fulfil an important mission on behalf ( culture1 if by virtue ( its m easily und]/ood me?od x c\ld supplem5t ! sci5ce ( hi/ory1 & by recall+ ! great memories ( ! pa/ keep alive t patriotism :i* 9 unfav\rable conjunctures is s frequ5tly f\nd want+4 ,guizot recomm5d$ ,fr5* hi/ory1 ! hi/ory ( *ivalry1 to pa9t]s1 z ! fir/ & mo/ important s\rce ( inspiration4 ,we want hi/orians 9 ! art ( pa9t+1 wrote ,vitet2 & 8 cry 0 n unhe>d4 ,:ile ! ,romantici/s _h se5 9 ! old co/umes no?+ m ?an elem5ts out ( :i* a da%+ col\r-symphony c\ld be obta9$1 tr\bl+ !mselves little ab\t ! mean+ or ! n>rative import ( _! pictures1 _! successors w5t ov]1 bag & baggage1 into ! camp ( ! hi/orians4 ,9 ! place ( pure pa9t+1 !re arose an art lad5 ) sci5tific docum5ts1 :i* busi$ itself 9 recon/ruct+ =m] times ) antiqu>ian exactness4 ,:ile ! =m] _h produc$ n\ght b g5u9ely arti/ic col\r-improvisations1 s n[ a didactic aim1 toge!r ) hi/orical accuracy1 became ! ma9 consid]ation4 ,! pa9t] 0 commission$ z a *ronicl]1 an (ficial ( ! /ate1 to console citiz5s = ! lam5table pres5t by an appeal to ! glori\s pa/4 ,he became a pr(essor ( hi/ory1 a !atrical co/umi] :o rummag$ records1 *ose masks1 cut out dresses1 arrang$ sc5ic backgr\nds1 = no o!r purpose ?an to depict correctly & legibly on ! canvas an hi/orical ev5t4 ,& ,mme4 ,t\t le ,monde f\nd 9 ^! pictures exactly :at %e requir$4 ,on ! "o h&1 ! didactic aim ( hi/orical pa9t+1 ) its long explanations 9 ! catalogues1 answ]$ precisely to ! ne$s ( ! educat$ middle classes4 ,"u ! picture !re 0 always a pretty c>d on :i* 0 pr9t$ ?is or t quotation f "s hi/orical writ]4 ,"o read ! description1 & !n satisfi$ "o's self t ! correspond+ picture 0 really !re & t x 0 9 keep+ ) ! description4 ,"o recall$ to m9d ! lessons 9 hi/ory "o _h le>n$ at s*ool1 & 0 pleas$ to be rem9d$ 9 s pleasant a fa%ion t be=e ! n9ete5? c5tury p did n we> tr\s]s & frock-coats1 b knitt$ hose & mantles4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re /ill surviv$ en\gh ( ! ,romantic unrul9ess to all[ "o to be %ock$ 9 a decor\s & mod]ate mann]1 & ) ! help ( ! catalogue a picture might be p]mitt$ to make "o's fle% creep 9 an agreeable way4 ,= ! av]age pa9t] ( m$iocre ability hi/orical ex]cises ( ?is sort mu/ also h be5 v allur+1 inasmu* z !y made no dem& ^u specially arti/ic qualities--^u any peculi> aptitude ( ! fancy1 eye1 or palette4 ,! hi/orian mu/ inde$ possess ! p[] ( comb9ation1 b mu* m t ( sob] inve/igation2 too mu* imag9ation or too great a s5se ( hum\r w\ld be dang]\s to him4 ,s also ! hi/orical pa9t] requir$ nei!r fancy1 s5tim5t1 nor p[] ( p]ception2 a c]ta9 capacity = compil+ facts 0 all t 0 necess>y4 ,x 0 en\gh to f]ret out ( "s popul> book on hi/ory ! /ory ( a murd]1 & to possess a "w ^u co/umes4 ,by su* means1 m5 ( a c]ta9 ability c\ld easily manage1 ) ! help ( ! /udio te*nique f\nd$ by ! ,romantic s*ool1 to put toge!r ! mo/ impos+ %[-pieces4 ,& ev5 ! critics all[$ !mselves frequ5tly to be s f> misl$ z to give to ^? models :o 7 deck$ out 9 ! f9e/ co/umes1 & labell$ ) ! names ( ! mo/ celebrat$ p]sonages1 prec$5ce ov] _! m mode/ companions4 ,consequ5tly x happ5$ t 9 ! "t ( ! citiz5 mon>*y a great numb] ( pa9t]s entirely devoid ( tal5t1 ^: only m]it 0 t !y atta*$ to ?is or t *apt] ( univ]sal hi/ory pictures %[+ "s lab\r$ animation1 became 9 ! tw9kl+ ( an eye lead]s ( ! s*ools4 ,illu/ration3 ,,paul ,,del>o*e4 ,l',art4 ,paul ,del>o*e la funbre m9e ,s'ent\r avec plaisir de cadavres et d'os ,jane ,grey1 ,maz>91 hros et hro9e ,*ez lui t\t meurt 444 except ces tableaux4 ,eugne ,devria 0 ! fir/ & mo/ important pa9t] delib]ately to ent] ^u ?is c\rse4 ,:5 8 picture ( ! ,bir? ( ,h5ry ,,iv 0 exhibit$ 9 ! ,salon ( #ahbg 8 appe>ance 0 welcom$ z t ( a new ,v]onese1 & 8 "w joyfully salut$ z ! fir/ hi/orical picture 9 :i* ! local col\r ( ! epo* repres5t$ 0 accurately obs]v$4 ,h5ce=? ,devria dress$ always 9 ! /yle ( ,rub5s1 & 8 h\se became ! headqu>t]s ( ! ,romantic s*ool4 ,he 0 p]haps ! only memb] ( ?is gr\p 9 :om "s brea? ( ,delacroix's _s surviv$1 b un=tunately he nev] f\nd aga9 ei!r ! ,v5etian tone or ! male acc5t ( 8 y\?1 & ?\gh he pa9t$ _m m pictures he nev] contribut$ a second notable "w to art4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,del>o*e4 ,,! ,,assass9ation ,,( ,,! ,,duke ,,( ,,guise4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,del>o*e4 ,,! ,,pr9ces ,,9 ,,! ,,t[]4 ,%ortly aft]w>ds ,camille ,roqueplan began to alt] 8 mann]4 ,up to t "t he _h be5 exclusively a pa9t] :o1 l ,watteau & ,t]borg1 li/5$ ) a voluptu\s %udd] to ! piquant ru/le ( silk1 velvet1 & sat9 dresses2 n[ he devot$ himself to depict+ ) p]spicuity v>i\s sc5es f hi/ory1 r5\nc$ 8 airy & radiant fantasies1 & became1 9 8 ,sc5e f ! ,massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 no?+ b a t$i\s s*oolma/]4 ,nicolaus ,rob]t ,fleury1 ! pa9t] ( ,*>les ,v 9 ! ,mona/]y ( ,/4 ,j1 ( ! ,massacre ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew1 ( ! ,religi\s ,conf]5ce at ,poissy1 & ( o!r hi/orical anecdotes1 c>efully conceiv$ & labori\sly execut$1 devot$ himself1 l ,less+1 to ! propagation ( noble ideas4 ,8 pictures 7 manife/oes aga9/ religi\s fanaticism1 & philan?ropic discussions conc]n+ ! trials & p]secutions ( ! free?9k]s4 ,9 ord] to give !m ! /amp ( hi/orical v]isimilitude1 he buri$ himself ) ! zeal ( an ar*ivi/ 9 ! /udy ( ! p]iod to be repres5t$2 (t5 directly transf]r$ into 8 pictures figures f ,diep5beeck or ,!odor van ,?uld52 & hav+ ! faculty ( seiz+ 9 old pa9t+s ^? tones ( col\r :i* belong r to ! epo* ?an ! ma/]1 he succe$$ 9 giv+ 8 works a c]ta9 docum5t>y & ar*aic "* = :i*1 on 8 fir/ appe>ance1 he obta9$ ample cr$it4 ,l\is ,b\lang]1 aft] 8 ,mazeppa ( #ahbg1 0 a fam\s pa9t]4 ,b ! highe/ success 0 t atta9$ by ,paul ,del>o*e1 inasmu* z he und]/ood bett] ?an any o!r1 n only h[ to cat] = ! cultur$ public by ! didactic nature & hi/orical accuracy ( 8 pictures1 b also h[ to t\* ! he>t by means ( a la*rymose s5tim5tality4 ,paul ,del>o*e belongs1 by ! date ( 8 bir?1 to ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,be+ "o ( ,gros' pupils1 he _h nev] borne ! yoke ( ! ,classical s*ool 9 its fulle/ weight1 & !re=e _h nev] _h occasion to revolt aga9/ x4 ,:5 ! ,romantici/s came to ! front1 he _h gone or r be5 dragg$ along ) !m1 = to 8 circumspect nature ,romanticism 0 an abom9ation1 & 8 cool & delib]ative _s felt itself mu* m at home 9 ! society ( ! ,classici/s4 ,! works ( ! hi/orians op5$ to him a welcome outlet by :i* to avoid a rupture ) ei!r p>ty1 & ,del>o*e f\nd 8 vocation4 ,he assum$ ! rle ( a peacemak] betwe5 ! qu>rell+ bro!rs1 plac$ himself z m$iator betwe5 ,montagues & ,capulets1 & ?us became--l ,casimir ,delavigne 9 lit]ature--! head ( t ,s*ool ( ,common ,s5se on ^: bann] glitt]$ 9 gold5 lett]s ,l\is ,philippe's motto ( ! ,ju/e-milieu4 ,+res 0 cold1 res]v$1 & col\rless2 ,del>o*e aspir$ to an agreeable1 sp>kl+1 highly season$1 bitum9\s art ( pa9t+4 ,delacroix 0 g5ial & sket*y2 ,del>o*e inscrib$ c>efulness & exactness on 8 bann]4 ,! =m] _h giv5 (f5ce by 8 boldness2 ,del>o*e won ! cons]vatives ov] to himself by 8 well-br$ be>+ & mod]ate attitude4 ,p ?\ght ,delacroix too wild & poetical2 ,del>o*e took c>e to give !m only a t\* ( ! eag]ness ( ,romanticism1 & set himself to r$uce ! passionate vehem5ce ( ,delacroix to rational1 ,phili/9e limits1 & to s(t5 d[n 8 native unrul9ess into s5tim5tal pa?os4 ,?is position :i* he assum$ z a m$iator made him ! man ( 8 age4 ,! life ( ,delacroix 0 a long /ruggle4 ,b = ! commissions entru/$ to him by ! /ate he might h di$ ( />vation1 = 8 sales to deal]s & lov]s ( art br\ght him sc>cely five hundr$ francs a ye>4 ,8 /udio held _m pictures1 lean+ m\rnfully aga9/ ea* o!r 9 corn]s4 ,del>o*e1 on ! o!r h&1 0 ov]:elm$ ) praise & commissions4 ,! repres5tatives ( eclecticism 9 philosophy & ( ! ,ju/e-milieu 9 politics f\nd !mselves compell$ to praise an arti/ :o 0 nei!r revolution>y nor reactioni/1 nei!r ,romantic nor ,classical1 :o _h b\nd himself ov] nei!r to draughtsman%ip nor to col\r+1 b unit$ bo? elem5ts 9 vulg> mod]ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,del>o*e4 ,,/raf=d ,,on ,,8 ,,way ,,to ,,execution4 ,illu/ration3 ,,?omas ,,c\ture4 ,l',art4 ,already 9 8 fir/ notable works1 9 #ahca1 ,! ,pr9ces 9 ! ,t[] & ,oliv] ,cromwell1 he has fully assum$ 8 lukew>m mann]4 ,he might h repres5t$ ! murd] ( ! pr9ces1 b fe>+ t ! public w\ld n /& x1 he pref]r$ m]ely to sugge/ ! approa*+ dea? ( ! weep+ & t]rifi$ *ildr5 by plac+ 9 front ( ! b$ a small dog1 :i* is look+ uneasily t[>ds ! door1 :]e ! r$ light ( tor*es indicates ! approa* ( ! assass9s1--a ,dsseldorf picture ) improv$ te*nique4 ,x is j ! same ) 8 melodramatic & la*rymose ,cromwell4 ,x w\ld be h>dly possible to repres5t "o ( ! greate/ figures 9 univ]sal hi/ory 9 a m paltry mann]1 & to ?is day x is n q c]ta9 :e!r ! picture 0 int5d$ to be s]i\s or humor\s4 ,! great /atesman 9 :om 0 embodi$ ! political & ecclesia/ical revolution ( ,engl& mu/ h be5 extremely busy on ! day ( ,*>les ,i's fun]al1 & h _h bett] ?+s to d ?an /eal?ily to op5 ! c(f9 & contemplate1 ) a mixture ( *ildi% curiosity & s5tim5tal pity1 ! corpse ( ! k+ :om he _h f\ght & conqu]$4 ,eugne ,delacroix _h treat$ ?is subject 9 a sket*1 9 :i* ,cromwell1 at ! fun]al ( ,*>les1 gazes 9 quiet contempt ^u ! weak mon>* :o _h n kn[n h[ to keep ei!r 8 cr[n or 8 head4 ,z a "w ( art ?is little wat]-col\r is wor? t5 times z mu* z ,del>o*e's great1 long-m$itat$1 c>efully execut$ pa9t+4 ,f ! v beg9n+ he _h no s5se = ! passionate or dramatic4 ,f ! fir/ day1 _h ! tailor :o prep>$ co/umes /ruck "w1 8 arti/ic greatness w\ld h fall5 away to no?+2 f ! comm5cem5t he produc$ no?+ b l>ge1 clumsily conceiv$ illu/rations = hi/orical novels4 ,plan* po9t$ out long ago t all ! co/umes are gl>+ly new1 t all ! victims look z if !y _h got !mselves up = a mask$ ball1 t ?is sort ( pa9t+ is mu* too clean & pretty to give ! argum5t ! appe>ance ( probability4 ,?ophile ,gauti]1 :o _h proclaim$ ! p[]ful orig9ality ( ,delacroix1 fum$ ) rage aga9/ ^! saliva-poli%$ repres5tations1 ?is art = ! half-educat$1 disguis$ 9 false1 ,phili/9e realism1 ?is art ( hi/orical illu/ration = ! famili> use ( ! b\rgeois4 ,to rank timor\s1 half-he>t$ tal5t high] ?an reckless & awe-inspir+ g5ius--?is 0 9 ,gauti]'s eyes ! s9 aga9/ ! ,holy ,gho/1 & he sprang l a tig] ^u ! popul>ity ( tal5ts su* z ^!4 ,he c\ld1 z he himself said1 h swall[$ ,del>o*e1 sk91 hair1 & all1 )\t remorse2 mean:ile1 ! public rais$ him ^u ! %ield z its decl>$ fav\rite4 ,he won ! intellectual middle class ov] to himself ) a ru%1 z he indu/ri\sly w5t on rummag+ 9 manuals ( ,fr5* & ,engli% hi/ory = royal murd]s & battle-dea?s ( k+s4 ,) 8 ,ri*elieu1 ,maz>91 & ,/raf=d1 b especially ) 8 ,execution ( ,lady ,jane ,grey & ,murd] ( ! ,duke ( ,guise 9 ! ,ca/le ( ,blois1 he made hits su* z no o!r ,fr5* arti/ ( 8 "t c\ld put to 8 acc\nt4 ,j !n1 9 8 y\?ful "w1 ,! ,/ates-,g5]al at ,blois1 ,ludovic ,vitet _h put ! murd] ( ! ,duke ( ,guise ^u ! /age4 ,no?+ c\ld be bett]-tim$ ?an to trans=m ?is op]atic sc5e into col\r4 ,! hi/orians ( civilisation admir$ ! hi/orical accuracy ( ! c\rti]s' dress1 all ! uphol/]y ( ! room1 ! l(ty mantelpiece1 ! c>v$ w>drobes1 ! pray+-/ool ) ! alt>-piece ov] x1 ! canopy-b$ ) its curta9s ( r$ silk embroid]$ ) lilies & ! k+'s initials 9 gold4 ,playgo]s comp>$ ! sc5e ) t :i* !y _h witness$ on ! /age 9 ,vitet's piece1 & ! comp>ison 0 n unfav\rable to ! pa9t]4 ,= ,del>o*e1 9 ord] to be z f> z possible 9 keep+ ) ! /age repres5tation1 0 accu/om$ to commission ,jollivet1 ! *ief me*anician ( ! ,op]a ,h\se1 to prep>e = him small models ( rooms1 9 :i* he !n arrang$ 8 lay-figures4 ,t is ! fur!r great diff]5ce betwe5 ,del>o*e & ,delacroix1 betwe5 ! vagrant pa9t] ( hi/ory & ! arti/4 ,! latt] _h ! gift ( ! inn] vision1 & only pa9t$ ?+s :i* _h intellectually laid hold ^u him & _h assum$ firm %ape 9 8 imag9ation4 ,x 0 :ile ! organ 0 play+ ! ,dies ir t he saw 8 ,piet 9 a vision--t mighty "w :i* 9 p[] ( expression almo/ approa*es ,rembr&t4 ,is n ,tasso's life mo/ int]e/+8 he writes4 ,y weep = him1 sway+ re/lessly f side to side on y\r *air1 :5 y read ! /ory ( 8 life2 y\r eyes assume a ?reat5+ aspect1 & y gr9d y\r tee? ) rage4 ,su* passionate emotion 0 :olly unkn[n to ,del>o*e2 he pa9t$ de$s ( murd] ) ! wildness ( ,mi]is4 ,delacroix ev]y:]e grasps :at is ess5tial1 & gives to e sc5e its poetical or religi\s "*4 ,a c\ple ( l9es are = him suffici5t means :]e) to produce a deep impression4 ,9 pres5ce ( 8 pictures "o does n ?9k ( co/umes2 "o sees ev]y:]e passion ov]fl[+ ) love & ang]1 & is intoxicat$ ) ! h>mony ( s5tim5t & col\r4 ,del>o*e1 l ,?i]ry1 _h m]ely a pr$ilection = ! hi/orical anecdote :i*1 dramatically po9t$1 keeps ! behold] 9 susp5se1 or else1 simply n>rat$1 amuses him4 ,! col\r & _s ( ev5ts _h no p[] ov] 8 imag9ation2 he m]ely appreh5d$ !m ) a cool und]/&+1 & put !m labori\sly toge!r 9 keep+ ) x4 ,delacroix s\ght c\nsel f nature2 b 9 ! mom5t ( creation1 9 front ( ! canvas1 he c\ld n be> direct contact ) x4 ,! influ5ce ( ! model1 he wrote1 l[]s ! pa9t]'s tone2 a /upid fell[ makes y /upid4 ,del>o*e drap$ 8 models z 0 requir$1 made !m po/ure & pull faces1 & :ile he 0 pa9t+1 labori\sly screw$ !m up to ! pa?os dem&$ by ! situation4 ,su* a me?od ( proc$ure mu/ necess>ily become !atrical4 ,j z 9 8 hi/orical pictures he endeav\r$ to trans=m ,delacroix's passion into op]atic sc5es1 s he p]fect$ 8 position z a man ( compromise by imitat+ ! academic /yle 9 8 ,hemicycle4 ,"h x 0 ,+res' laurels :i* robb$ him ( 8 sleep4 ,! fame :i* ?is picture has acquir$ is ma9ly due to ,h5riquel ,dupont's f9e engrav+4 ,x does n atta9 to any k9d ( solemn or s]i\s effect4 ,"o might imag9e "o's self 9 "s entirely prosaic wait+-room1 :]e all ! great m5 ( e age h agre$ to meet toge!r = no matt] :at c]emonial purpose2 "o sees !re a c>efully *os5 collection ( co/umes ( all epo*s1 ) well-/udi$ b expressionless portraits ( ! lead]s ( civilisation4 ,"h also ,del>o*e has n ris5 above respectable m$iocrity1 & 8 *>act]i/ics rema91 z ev]1 ?or\ghly middle-class4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c\ture4 ,,! ,,love ,,( ,,gold4 ,8 lik5ess ( ,napoleon is p]haps t :i* %[s mo/ cle>ly h[ paltry a s\l ?is pa9t] possess$4 ,x is n ,deva/ation 9 human %ape1 n ! man 9 :om 8 (fic]s saw ! ,god ( ,w> & ( :om ,mme4 de ,/al said1 ,!re is no?+ human left 9 him4 ,! intellect ( t ,corsican1 ) 8 great ?\ghts /rid+ z 9 sev5-leagu$ boots1 ?\ghts ea* ( :i* w\ld give any s+le ,g]man writ] mat]ial = ! re/ ( 8 life1 0 hidd5 to ! inquisitive glance ( a pa9t] :o _h nev] se5 9 ! :ole ( human hi/ory any?+ m ?an a s]ies ( petty episodes4 ,& "o :o is n able to pa9t a good portrait is n ju/ifi$ 9 intrud+ into o!r regions ( art4 ,= simil> reasons ! religi\s pa9t+s ) :i* he busi$ himself 9 8 la/ days h likewise enri*$ art ) no new elem5t4 ,!y are a ,phili/9e remodell+ ( ! ,biblical drama1 9 ! same /yle z 8 hi/orical pictures4 ,9 ! end he appe>s himself to h become consci\s h[ little labori\s compilations ( ?is k9d h 9 common ) art1 & s9ce ) ! be/ w 9 ! _w he c\ld produce no?+ bett] ?an he _h pa9t$ 9 ! ?irties1 he lo/ all pleasure 9 8 vocation & ab&on$ himself to gloom & pessimism1 f :i* dea? set him free 9 #ahef4 ,?omas ,c\ture1 :o aft] ,del>o*e 0 mo/ 9 vogue z a tea*] 9 ! fifties1 0 ( great] importance z an arti/1 & 9 8 ,romans ( ! ,decad5ce produc$ a "w :i*1 f ! po9t ( view ( ! ,ju/e-milieu1 is wor?y ( consid]ation ev5 to-day4 ,he 0 a rem>kable man4 ,8 p>5ts1 %oemak]s at ,s5lis1 seem to h reg>d$ ! ?ick-head$1 sl[ly develop+ boy z a k9d ( idiot1 & are said to h treat$ him ) no excessive g5tl5ess4 ,he 0 s5t away f s*ool because he c\ld n und]/& ! simple/ ?+s1 & /udi$ )\t success 9 ! /udios ( ,gros & ,del>o*e4 ,& yet1 aft] he _h made 8 db 9 ! ,salon ( #ahdc ) ! ,tr\bad\r1 a f9e picture 9 ! /yle ( ,devria1 8 ,orgie ,roma9e ( #ahdg made him at "o /roke ! mo/ celebrat$ pa9t] 9 ,france4 ,pupils ?rong$ to him f e qu>t] ( ! globe1 & he left a deep & endur+ impression ^u e "o ( !m4 ,a v %ort1 corpul5t1 broad-%\ld]$1 ?ick-set1 prolet>ian figure1 ) ?ick disord]ly hair1 a bl\se1 a %ort pipe1 & a gruff mann]1 he us$ to /ride ?r\gh ! l9es ( 8 pupils1 :o reg>d$ him ) wond] on acc\nt ( 8 ability z a tea*] & 8 rem>kable p[]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,c\ture4 ,,! ,,romans ,,( ,,! ,,decad5ce4 ,yet1 :5 a few ye>s _h elaps$1 no "o he>d ( him aga94 ,aft] 8 ,love ( ,gold & a c\ple ( portraits1 he felt t he 0 unfruitful1 & gave up ! battle4 ,! ,falcon]1 an excell5t picture1 ) *>m+ qualities ( col\r1 0 ! la/ "w to give any pro( ( ,c\ture's te*nical ma/]y4 ,he fell out ) ,napoleon1 :o wi%$ to employ him2 made _m enemies by 8 writ+s1 especially among ! foll[]s ( ,delacroix1 :om he criticis$ beyond measure2 & f9ally1 embitt]$1 & ab&on+ all arti/ic "w1 he buri$ himself 9 8 c\ntry place at ,vill]s de ,bel1 ne> ,p>is4 ,?i!r ,am]icans & ,engli%m5 us$ to come to ord] pictures ( him1 & 7 mu* a/oni%$ to he> t ! old g>d5]'s assi/ant1 z !y took him to be1 sitt+ on ! grass & m5d+ %oes or old kettles1 0 ,c\ture4 ,! news ( 8 dea? 9 #ahgi caus$ g5]al a/oni%m5t2 x 0 z if "o long buri$ _h come to life aga94 ,x _h mean:ile become evid5t t ev5 8 ,romans ( ! ,decad5ce 0 only a "w ( compromise1 ! :ole novelty ( :i* consi/$ 9 =c+ ! results atta9$ by ! ,romantic s*ool 9 col\r+ into t b$ ( ,procru/es1 ! =mul ( idealism4 ,! "w is und\bt$ly v noble 9 col\r+1 b :at w\ld n ,delacroix h made ( su* a !me6 or ,rub5s1 inde$1 ^: ,flemi% ,k]messe hangs n f> f x 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,c\ture's figures h only absolute beauty1 no?+ individual2 f> less d !y exhibit ! unn]v$ s5suality ( ,romans ( ! decl9e engag$ 9 _! orgies4 ,!y are m]ely pos+1 & f9d _! classical po/ures we>isome4 ,!y are n revell+1 !y d n love2 !y are only busi$ 9 fill+ up ! space s z to produce an agreeable effect1 & 9 dispos+ !mselves 9 picturesque gr\ps4 ,ev5 ! faces h be5 vulg>is$ by idealism3 ev]y?+ is z noble z x is )\t "*4 ,!re is some?+ ( ! h]maphrodite 9 ,c\ture's "w4 ,8 art 0 male 9 its subjects1 female 9 its results4 ,8 ,decad5ce 0 ! "w ( a decad5t1 a decad5t ( ,classicism4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,c\ture4 ,,! ,,tr\bad\r4 7,by p]mission ( ,m4 ,*>les ,s$elmey]1 ! own] ( ! picture47 ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,! ,,po/-,,romantic ,,g5]ation ,f\r ye>s aft] ,c\ture pa9t$ 8 ,roman ,orgy1 ,napoleon ,,iii asc5d$ ! ?rone1 & ! ,p>isian orgy began4 ,x 0 a rem>kable spectacle t ! capital (f]$ 9 ^? days--a spectacle ( fairy-l1 fla%+ & sp>kl+ spl5d\r4 ,ev5 to-day1 :5 ,republican ,p>is endeav\rs z mu* z possible to oblit]ate e memory ( ! ,empire1 ,napoleon's _s lives 9 ! ext]nal appe>ance ( ! city & hov]s ov] e conspicu\s po9t4 ,augu/us might say t he _h f\nd 8 capital a city ( pla/] & lime1 & left x "o ( /one & bronze2 ,napoleon has ! "r to ma9ta9 t he rais$ palaces :]e !re _h be5 b>racks4 ,not)/&+ all ! imprecations utt]$ aga9/ 8 rule1 ! mo/ ?or\gh-go+ ,republicans reluctantly conc$e to him ! possession ( "o good quality3 he knew h[ to br+ prosp]ity to ! %op2 il faisait m>*] le comm]ce4 ,"o he>s x said t ! beautiful city on ! ,se9e is b ! %ad[ ( :at x !n 04 ,le niveau a baiss6 says ! ,p>isian1 :5 he calls to m9d ! gorge\s days ( ! ,empire4 ,! extravagant elegance1 ! magnific5t luxury1 :i* us$ to roll 9 sup]b c>riages along ! ,b\lev>ds & ! ,*amps ,elyses t[>ds ! ,bois de ,b\logne1 & exhibit$ itself 9 ! ev5+ 9 ! boxes ( ! !atres2 ! lu/re :i* emanat$ f ! ,c\rt1 & ! conc\rse ( all ! nabobs ( ! _w1--all ?is mu/ 9 ^? days h giv5 to ,p>isian life a sp>kl+ spl5d\r1 a some?+ /upefy+ & intoxicat+1 an alacrity ( enjoym5t :i* _h no p>allel else:]e4 ,to ! respectable1 p$antic b\rgeoisie :i* rul$ "u ,l\is ,philippe _h succe$$ a new g5]ation ( m5 ( ! _w1 :i* drank to ! lees all ! ref9$ pleasures t a mod]n great city has to (f]4 ,! g5tlefolk ( ! ,empire und]/ood ! art ( liv+ bett]1 cultivat$ & exhau/$ x aft] a m inv5tive fa%ion1 ?an any g5]ation t _h gone be=e4 ,9 ! ,tuil]ies sat ! man ( ! ,second ( ,decemb]1 ! connoisseur & promot] ( all ref9$ ta/es4 ,9 8 p]son ! age 0 embodi$1 t age depict$ by ,zola 9 ,la ,cure1 9 ! passage :]e he describes ! halls1 illum9$ z if by en*antm5t1 ( ! imp]ial palace4 ,!re1 all ! spl5d\r ( ov]-civilisation glitt]s & gleams1 ) its bright eyes & sp>kl+ jewels1 ) its brea? ( intoxicat+ p]fumes float+ f nak$ %\ld]s & arms & half-veil$ voluptu\s bosoms2 :ile ! gre51 sph9x-l eye ( ,napoleon ,,iii re/s indiff]5tly on ! alaba/] sea ( :ite %\ld]s b[+ be=e him1 z he reviews all t he has possess$ & all t he c yet enjoy4 ,dumas' ,dame aux ,camlias1 ,diane de ,lys & ,le ,demi-monde1 ,b>rire's ,filles de ,m>bre1 ,augi]'s ,m>iage d',olympe1 give ! impress ( ! p]iod ^u lit]ature1 & ! s+le phrase ,! ,lady ( ! ,camelias conjures up a _w ( =ms & ( sc5]y4 ,la ,n\velle ,babylone is ! title ( ! f9e book 9 :i* ,joseph ,pelletan depict$ ! my/]i\s ,p>is ( ^? ye>s1 ! great city :i* *]i%$ 9 its bosom ! l[e/ & highe/ extremes ( a ref9$ _w ( pleasure1 & 0 at ! same "t an inexhau/ible f\nta9 ( ardu\s "w4 ,"o w\ld h imag9$ t ^! new conditions ( ,imp]ial ,france w\ld h left _! impress1 9 "s way or o!r1 ^u ! art ( pa9t+ also2 j z 9 ! works ( ,rembr&t1 ,frans ,hals1 ,jan ,/e51 ,t]borg1 ,o/ade1 ,piet] de ,hoo*1 & ,van d] ,me] ( ,delft ! entire sev5te5? c5tury is reflect$1 cle>ly & ) animation1 treat$ ) *>m+ famili>ity or else ) gr&iose effect1 9 its _s1 its mann] ( feel+1 its habits & co/umes4 ,:at a doma9 pa9t+ w\ld h _h2 f ! (ficial fe/ivals & ! bu/le ( public life d[n to ! complete del9eation ( ! family home6 ,lit]ature _h ent]$ into ?is c\rse a qu>t] ( a c5tury be=e1 & _h %[n ! pa?--a pa? lead+ to new worlds4 ,b 9 ,fr5* art ,fr5* society is n reflect$4 ,n a s+le pa9t] has left u a picture ( ?is spl5did ,p>is1 danc+ on a volcano & yet s amiably delightful4 ,classicism & hi/orical pa9t+ /ill held ! field1 z if turn$ to /one1 & %[1 9 ess5tials1 h>dly any modification4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,alex&re ,,cabanel4 ,s f> back z 9 #ahcc1 ,*>les ,l5ormant wrote ( ! s*ool ( ,david3 ,ev5 ! great pa9t] ,+res 0 n able to rejuv5ate a s*ool :i* 0 break+ up f old age1 or to re/ore _! full resonance to ! slack5$ & worn-out *ords2 8 only (fice 0 to give ! old synagogue hon\rable burial4 ,take away ?is la/ scion ( ! ,classical s*ool1 & ! curta9 may fall--! f>ce is end$4 ,he might h said ! same ?+ =ty ye>s lat]1 = ) ,cabanel & ,b\gu]eau ,classicism has limp$ on1 almo/ un*ang$1 to our own days4 ,its art 0 a correct1 conv5tional picture-/5cill+1 :i* might j z well h fl\ri%$ a g5]ation e>li]4 ,classicism--:i* 9 ,david 0 h>d & ,sp>tan1 9 ,+res cold & correct--has become pretty 9 ,cabanel & ,b\gu]eau1 & is completely dissolv$ 9 ! sc5t ( roses & violets4 ,only a c]ta9 p]fume ( ! demi-monde br+s ! p]sons :o appe> z ,v5us1 z naiads1 z ,aurora or ,diana1 into complete accord ) ! epo* :i* produc$ !m4 ,= ,+res ! female body itself 0 ! exclusive canon ( beautiful =m2 n[ ! swell+ limbs beg9 to /ret* !mselves voluptu\sly =?4 ,+res /ill treats ! human eye z x 0 treat$ 9 anci5t sculpture1 z some?+ animal1 s\lless1 & dead2 n[ x beg9s to tw9kle provocatively4 ,a mod]n ref9$ ta/e plays r\nd ! classical s*eme4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,cabanel4 ,,! ,,%ulamite4 ,illu/ration3 ,,b\gu]eau4 ,,bro!rly ,,love4 ,alex&re ,cabanel1 ! inc>nation ( ! academician1 01 "u ,napoleon ,,iii1 ! head ( ! cole des ,beaux ,arts4 ,he 0 a =tunate man4 ,born at ,montpelli]1 ! city ( pr(essors1 n\ri%$ f 8 e>lie/ y\? on academic milk1 w9n] ( ! ,gr& ,prix de ,rome 9 #ahde1 aw>d$ ! fir/ m$al at ! ,univ]sal ,exhibition ( #ahee1 he w5t on 8 way1 lad5 ) ord]s & (fices1 amid ! tumultu\s applause ( ! public4 ,among ! arti/s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury none atta9$ 9 s high a degree all ^? hon\rs :i* lie op5 to a pa9t] 9 our days4 ,yet1 z an arti/1 he rema9$ all 8 life on ! plane ( ! s*ool ( ,+res4 ,ev5 8 ,dea? ( ,moses1 ! fir/ picture :i* he s5t f ,rome to ! ,salon1 0 entirely piec$ toge!r out ( ,raphael & ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,aft] t he laid himself out to provide ,engl& & ,am]ica ) ^? wom51 m or less fully attir$1 :o bore sometimes biblical1 sometimes lit]>y names3 ,delilah1 ! ,%ulamite woman1 ,jeph?ah's daught]1 ,ru?1 ,tam>1 ,flora1 ,e*o1 ,psy*e1 ,h]o1 ,lucretia1 ,cleopatra1 ,p5elope1 ,phdra1 ,desdemona1 ,fiammetta1 ,francesca da ,rim9i1 ,pia dei ,tolomei--an endless procession4 ,b ! only v>iety 9 ?is poetical s]aglio lay 9 ! inscriptions on ! labels2 ! way 9 :i* ! figures 7 repres5t$ 0 always ! same4 ,8 works are pictures blamelessly drawn1 mod]ately well pa9t$1 :i* leave "o cold & unt\*$ at he>t4 ,!y possess t unusual poli% & t dext]ity ( exposition :i*1 l good mann]s 9 society1 create a fav\rable impression1 b are insuffici5t 9 !mselves to make a man a pleasant companion4 ,n[h]e is !re any?+ t takes hold ^u ! s\l1 n[h]e any t\* to prove t ! arti/ has felt any?+ 9 8 pa9t+1 or =ce ! behold] to feel = himself4 ,! unv>y+ faces ( 8 figures1 ) _! et]nal d>k-rimm$ eyes1 resemble n liv+ human be+s b pa9t$ pla/] ca/s4 ,"o w\ld take 8 ,cleopatra1 apa!tically obs]v+ ! op]ation ( ! poison1 to be /uff$1 l ! pan!r at h] feet4 ,"o seeks 9 va9 = a figure t is s9c]e or int]e/+1 = a face allur+ 9 its tru? to nature4 ,8 ,v5us ( #ahfb made him ! fav\rite pa9t] ( ! ,tuil]ies1 & ! insipid1 rosy t9ts ( t picture became m & m feeble 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s1 until 8 works resembl$ we>isome c>toons1 col\r$ by no matt] :at process4 ,he 0 ,picot's pupil1 x is true1 b 9 reality ,+res 0 8 gr&fa!r1 a gr&fa!r f>1 f> great] ?an himself1 ^: portraits alone %[ ! entire littl5ess ( ,cabanel4 ,all 8 life long ,+res 0 9 8 portraits a fre%1 animat$1 & admirable reali/4 ,cabanel inde$ also pa9t$ 9 8 e>lie/ days lik5esses ( ladies :i* 7 full ( s]i\s grace1 unit+ a p[]ful fidelity to nature ) consid]able elegance4 ,b 8 success 0 fatal to him4 ,moreov]1 z a portrait-pa9t]1 he became ! depict] ( society1 & society ru9$ him4 ,9 ord] to please 8 di/+ui%$ cu/om]s1 he devot$ himself f> m ?an is good = portrait-pa9t+ to smoo? rosy fle%1 l>ge glassy eyes1 & da9ty f9e h&s1 & ov]-idealis$ 8 sitt]s till !y lo/ e appe>ance ( life4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lef,,bure4 ,,tru?4 7,by p]mission ( ,messrs4 ,g\pil1 ! own]s ( ! copyright47 ,william ,b\gu]eau1 :o indu/ri\sly le>nt all t c be assimilat$ by a man de/itute ( arti/ic feel+ b possess+ a cultur$ ta/e1 reveals ev5 m cle>ly1 9 8 feeble mawki%ness1 ! fatal decl9e ( ! old s*ools ( conv5tion4 ,he has be5 comp>$ to ,octave ,feuillet1 :o also nev] extricat$ himself f ! sc5t$ atmosph]e ( di/+ui%$ society2 b ! comp>ison is unju/ to ,feuillet4 ,b\gu]eau is 9 8 ,madonna-pa9t+ a p]fum$ ,ary ,s*eff]1 9 8 ,v5us-pictures a great] ,hamon2 & 9 8 p]fectly f9i%$ & faultless /5cill+ /yle ( beauty he became f ye> to ye> m & m insupportable4 ,8 art is a k9d ( pa9t+ on porcela9 on a l>ge scale1 & he gives to 8 ,madonnas & 8 nymphs ! same smoo? rosy t9ts1 ! same unreal univ]salis$ =ms1 until at la/ !y become a ju/e-milieu betwe5 ,raphael's ,galatea & ! wax models "o sees 9 hairdress]s' %ops4 ,only 9 "o s5se c 8 religi\s pa9t+ be call$ mod]n2 x is an elegant lie1 l ! :ole ( ! ,second ,empire4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,h5n]4 ,,susanna ,,& ,,! ,,eld]s4 ,close by ,b\gu]eau's ,v5us 9 ! ,luxemb\rg hangs ! well-kn[n colossal figure ( a beautiful nude woman ) unnaturally ov]-develop$ ?ighs1 :i* by ! %9+ mirror 9 its uplift$ "r h& proclaims itself to be ,tru?4 ,jules ,lefbure1 ! pa9t] ( ?is picture1 is also completely a slave to tradition2 he came f ,cogniet's /udio1 & won ! ,prix de ,rome 9 #ahfa4 ,b he at lea/ possesses m ta/e1 elegance1 & "*2 8 pa9t+ ( ! nude is m di/+ui%$1 tru]1 & m p[]ful4 ,he is 9 ! broad] s5se ( ! ^w a wor%ipp] ( nature1 & 0 s 9 8 y\? especially4 ,8 ,sleep+ ,girl ( #ahfe & 8 ,femme c\*e ( #ahfh are smoo? & hone/ /udies f ! nude1 ( delicate1 sure draughtsman%ip1 & h !re=e n become antiquat$ ev5 to-day4 ,un=tunately he did n f9d ?is mascul9e acc5t aga91 :5 at a lat] "t he gr\p$ ideal figures toge!r to make pictures ( !m4 ,8 ,diana surpris$ ( #ahgi 0 a v clev] composition ( well-ord]$ l9es1 possess+ ev5 f9e details1 especially "o or two *>m+ heads1 b z a :ole x is lifeless & un9t]e/+4 ,l ,b\gu]eau1 he lacks p[]1 &1 not)/&+ 8 di/9ction & 8 capacity = arrangem5t1 he is n pa9t] en\gh to be tru?fully entitl$ a pa9t] ( ! nude4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,h5n]4 ,,! ,,sleep]4 ,9 g5]al1 ,fr5* art1 h[ev] will+ly x took to ?is sph]e dur+ ! p]iod we are consid]+1 is ri* inde$ 9 well-drawn docum5ts1 b poor 9 works :i*1 consid]$ z pa9t+1 c be> ! mo/ di/ant comp>ison ) ,fragon>d & ,b\*]4 ,! ,revolution _h put an end to ! joy\s fle%-pa9t+ ( ,fr5* art4 ,at ! close ( ! eighte5? & ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ! pa9t] ( t5d] & life-l fle%-col\r 0 n ! re=m] ,david1 b ! despis$ ,prudhon4 ,! =m] f\nd 8 ideal 9 /atues1 & turn$ fle% to /one4 ,! latt]1 a direct desc5dant ( ,correggio1 gave expression to life ) a t5d] mell[ness4 ,+res 0 aga91 l ,david1 a v m$iocre fle%-pa9t]1 & ! ,romantici/s ent]$ ?is sph]e b seldom4 ,delacroix inde$ has 9 8 ,massacre a c\ple ( excell5t t\*es1 b !y are isolat$ ph5om5a 9 8 "w4 ,aft] #ahej ! approv$ sy/em 0 to give nude female figures ! appe>ance ( be+ made ( t]ra-cotta1 biscuit1 or ivory4 ,! =gott5 art ( pa9t+ velvety1 s(t fle%1 & ( mak+ x vibrate 9 light1 _h to be le>n$ ov] aga91 & to ?is m]itori\s task ,h5n] devot$ himself--! mod]n ,correggio f ,alsace1 :o /&s to ,cabanel 9 ! same relation z ,prudhon to ,david4 ,ev5 ,h5n] 9 8 lat] days has become v mu* a mann]i/1 & has done "s v bad "w4 ,to-day he pref]s a heavy1 pa/y1 butt]y /yle ( pa9t+1 ) faces :i* look z if !y _h be5 pickl$ 9 oil1 & h an unreal expression2 8 contra/s ( light & %ade1 once s delicate1 h become raw & =c$4 ,yet beside ,cabanel he /ill appe>s ! true poet ( female fle%-pa9t+1 ! dreamy graceful depict] ( ref9$ s5suality4 ,prudhon's delicate ideal & 8 language ( vibrat+ t5d]ness are reviv$ 9 ,h5n]4 ,8 ,nymph re/+ 9 ! ,luxemb\rg has ! same s(t morbidezza1 ! same delightful my/]y1 9 :i* ,prudhon be=e him _h envelop$ ! sweetness ( smil+ faces & ! beauty ( female =ms4 ,he too *ose ! ,lomb>ds z 8 guides4 ,aft] w9n+ ! ,prix de ,rome 9 #aheh1 he s5t to ! ,salon ( #ahfe a ,susanna1 :i* already %[s 8 ability z a fle%-pa9t] & 8 relation%ip to ,correggio4 ,& a ,lomb>d he has rema9$ all 8 life4 ,"o c\ld ) difficulty f9d a m delicate & smoo? /udy ( ! nude ?an 8 ,biblis ( #ahfg4 ,illu/ration3 ,,paul ,,baudry4 ,s9ce t "t ano!r t5d5cy highly *>act]i/ic ( ,h5n] has %[n itself 9 8 "w4 ,9 8 endeav\r to r5d] ! t9t & t5d] s(tness ( fle% z delicately z possible1 he s\ght at ! same "t = light :i* %\ld int5sify ! cle> tone ( ! nude body4 ,^! he f\nd 9 t "t ( ev5+1 :i* "o might call ,h5n]'s h\r1 :5 ! l&scape1 ov]%ad[$ by ! twilight1 gradually loses col\r1 & only a small blue space 9 ! sky or a sil5t =e/-lake /ill = a mom5t pres]ves ! reflection ( vani%+ daylight4 ,9 ?is tranquil h>mony ( nature aft] sunset1 ! :ite pallor ( ! human body seems to h absorb$ all ! daylight & to be giv+ x =? aga91 :ile ! surr\nd+ l&scape is already m]g+ into col\rless %ad[4 ,?is is ,h5n]'s second mann]1 & he rais$ x into a sy/em4 ,e ye> s9ce !n !re has appe>$ 9 ! ,salon "o ( ^? pale nymphs1 /&+ out s mi/ily aga9/ ! d>k gre5 ( an ev5+ l&scape1 or "o ( ^? ,virgilian eclogues1 9 :i* ! gloam+ re/s c>ess+ly ^u nude :ite bodies4 ,& by ?is me?od ( pa9t+ fle% & ( ?r[+ light ^u x1 ,h5n] has won = himself an important place 9 mod]n art4 ,paul ,baudry1 ! p[]ful decorator ( ! ,gr& ,op]a ,h\se at ,p>is1 m>ks ! close ( ?is t5d5cy4 ,9 8 "w ! endeav\rs ( all ^? tal5t$ arti/s :o s\ght to f\nd a new s*ool ( ideal pa9t+ ^u ! basis ( ! /udy ( ! ,italian ,classici/s came to a cr[n+ height2 & at ! same "t ,baudry took a fur!r /ep onw>d1 9 t he vivifi$ ! classical s*eme ) a yet m m>k$ ca/ ( mod]nity4 ,8 fir/ picture1 on ! murd] ( ,m>at1 0 feeble4 ,:at ,david _h execut$ smoo?ly & =cibly 9 8 dead ,m>at1 ,baudry spoil$ 9 8 ,*>lotte ,corday4 ,! ba?1 ! night-table ) ! ink/& on x1 ! map on ! wall1 & all ! fitt+s ( ! room1 are pa9t$ ) ! greate/ f9i%1 b ! "y h]o9e 9 h] petrifi$ idealism has no m life 9 h] ?an !re is 9 ! furniture4 ,8 ,pe>l & ,wave1 :i* is hung 9 ! ,luxemb\rg close to ,cabanel's & ,b\gu]eau's ,bir? ( ,v5us1 gave pro( ( progress4 ,a deep-blue wave1 t[]+ on high & cr[n$ ) foam1 has wa%$ a *>m+ woman a%ore l a co/ly pe>l4 ,%e seems to h j awak5$ out ( slumb]1 & h] rogui%1 moi/ly gleam+ eyes are smil+4 ,saucily %e leans =w>d h] fair-hair$ head "u h] b5d$ arms1 & /ret*es out 9 easy motion h] y\?fully sl5d] yet fully proportion$ body4 ,b\gu]eau's & ev5 ,cabanel's female beauties are wax5 & spoil$ by ret\*+1 b ,baudry's ,cypris is a liv+ be+1 & pres]ves "s ( ! individual *>m ( ! model4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,baudry4 ,,*>lotte ,,corday4 ,x is ?is brea? ( realism :i* gives _! attractiv5ess to ,baudry's pictures 9 ! ,p>is ,op]a ,h\se4 ,he _c inde$ be rank$ z a truly great ma/] ( decorative pa9t+1 z ! ,fragon>d ( ! n9ete5? c5tury2 he 0 too eclectic4 ,! five ye>s1 f #ahea to #ahef1 :i* z w9n] ( ! ,prix de ,rome he sp5t 9 ! ,villa ,m$ici1 7 ! happie/ ( 8 life4 ,he saw 9 ! ,italian gall]ies nei!r ,holbe9 nor ,velasquez1 nei!r ,rembr&t nor ,botticelli nor ,c>avaggio4 ,he saw no?+ & rev]$ no?+ save ! pure tradition ( ! ,c9quec5to1 :i* 0 to him ! ,alpha & ,omega ( art4 ,he dream$ ( great decorative works :i* %\ld place him on an equality ) ^? old ma/]s4 ,x 0 !re=e joyful news to him :51 at ! sugge/ion ( 8 old comrade ,*>les ,g>ni]1 he 0 commission$ to adorn ! ,op]a ,h\se4 ,baudry 0 !n ?irty-five ye>s old1 9 possession ( 8 full p[]s1 & yet he ?\ght x necess>y to g back to ,italy to int]rogate ! ma/]s ( ! ,r5aissance anew4 ,= a full ye> he work$ t5 h\rs daily 9 ! ,si/9e ,*apel4 ,z soon z he knew ,mi*ael ,angelo by he>t1 he betook himself to ,engl& to copy ,raphael's c>toons1 & !n 9 #ahgj = ! ?ird "t to ,italy1 be=e he felt himself capable ( cov]+ ! five hundr$ squ>e metres ( canvas4 ,! task took him f\r ye>s1 & :5 x 0 exhibit$ at ! ,palais des ,beaux-,arts 9 #ahgd1 prior to be+ plac$ 9 its f9al re/+-place1 !re 0 g5]al a/oni%m5t at a s+le man's p[] to produce s mu* & su* great "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,baudry4 ,,tru?4 ,to-day 8 praise _c be s\nd$ s high4 ,! place to :i* he aspir$1 by ! side ( ! great ma/]s ( ! ,r5aissance1 w n fall to ,baudry's lot2 he is h>dly to be reckon$ ev5 among ! great ,fr5* ma/]s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,to rise ev5 s f> he lack$ ! fir/ & mo/ ess5tial gift--orig9ality4 ,he 0 a model pupil 9 8 y\?1 & a pupil he rema9$ all 8 life4 ,he always saw nature ?r\gh ! m$ium ( art1 & nev] _h ! c\rage to take a fre% brea? & plunge into its f\nta9 ( y\?4 ,betwe5 him & reality !re 0 ev] ! prism ( ! old pictures t he lov$2 bru% 9 h&1 he devot$ himself1 turn by turn1 & ) equal en?usiasm1 to ,mi*ael ,angelo1 ,titian1 ,correggio1 ,bronz9o1 & ev5 ,+res4 ,z soon z he return$ f ,italy = ! fir/ "t1 z hold] ( ! ,prix de ,rome1 he exhibit$ sev]al pictures :i* 7 altoge!r ,titian 9 col\r+1 altoge!r ,raphael 9 /yle4 ,ea* ( !m1 ev5 ! mo/ important1 calls "s o!r pa9t+ to "o's m9d4 ,8 ,=tune & ! ,*ild is a v>iation ^u ,titian's ,div9e & ,e>?ly ,love2 8 ,dea? ( a ,ve/al ,virg9 a rem9isc5ce ( ! ,dea? ( ,pet] ,m>tyr2 8 ,w>rior 9 ! ,op]a ,h\se is ! pa9t$ d\ble ( ,rude's ,m>seillaise4 ,h[ _m ge/ures1 attitudes1 & figures c\ld1 by a close analysis1 be %[n to be borr[$ 9 turn f ,v]onese1 ,&rea del ,s>to1 ,correggio1 or ,raphael6 ,8 works are a syn!sis ( ! fav\rite =ms ( ! ,c9quec5to2 !y are ! te/am5t ( ! ,c9quec5to ma/]s4 ,he 0 a ,p>isian ,primaticcio1 a po/hum\s memb] ( ! old s*ool ( ,fonta9ebleau4 ,9 him 0 embodi$ ! la/ smile ( ! ,r5aissance1 ! results ( :i* he assimilat$ & r$uc$ to =mul4 ,he lack$ creative imag9ation1 & 8 pictures are want+ 9 individual "*4 ,! n]v\s movem5t & s9ewy /ret*+s ( 8 "y m5's bodies w\ld nev] h be5 pa9t$ b = ,donatello's ,david4 ,( 8 wom51 ! p[]ful & muscul> are desc5d$ f ,mi*ael ,angelo's ,eve1 ! m sl5d] & elegant come d[n f ,rosso4 ,8 palette1 ) its blue & :ite t9ts1 is bright & fl[]y1 b x is no less artificial ?an 8 composition4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,baudry4 ,,! ,,pe>l ,,& ,,! ,,wave4 7,by p]mission ( ,mr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,/ew>t1 ! own] ( ! picture47 ,nev]!less1 x w\ld be unju/ to speak ( ,baudry's "w z m]ely fad$ ,classicism1 or z ,mi*ael ,angelo & wat]4 ,he 0 n m]ely a pupil ( ! ,italians2 he contribut$ some?+ ,p>isian ( 8 own1 some?+ pretty1 mann]$1 ref9$1 graceful1 s$uctive1 & smil+1 & felt himself indep5d5t en\gh to give to 8 conv5tional figures ?is sprightly addition ( g5u9ely mod]n n]vosity4 ,! bir?-c]tificates ( 8 "y m5 7 drawn up 9 ,flor5ce1 ^? ( 8 "y wom5 9 ,rome1 ?ree hundr$ & fifty ye>s ago2 yet !re is 9 ! latt] some?+ ( ! ,p>isi5ne1 9 ! =m] some?+ ( ! mod]n d&ies :o "k ! fev]$ life ( ! ,b\lev>ds4 ,9 8 delightful art !re is ,fr5* wit1 !re is a t\* ( ! piquant1 ( ! fem99e1 ( ! ambigu\s1 :i* almo/ am\nts to indec5cy4 ,"o c /ill recognise ! *>m+ model 9 ! figures ( 8 danc]s & ,muses2 y c see t ,music's or ,poetry's wai/ 0 lac$ up 9 a close-fitt+ corset be=e %e sat = ! picture4 ,"o may meet ^! wom5 at any mom5t1 trail+ _! dresses along ! sidewalks ( ! ,b\lev>ds1 or rid+ neglig5tly 9 _! c>riages back f ! ,bois de ,b\logne4 ,& /ill m mod]n ?an ! wasp-l =m ( ! body is ! "* ( ! face & ! smile on ! lips4 ,?us ,baudry has giv5 a new %ade to ! mann] 9 :i* "o c obta9 inspiration f ! old ma/]s4 ,to all t he borr[$ he add$ a p]sonal & *>m+ note4 ,he possesses an elegance & grace :i* are nei!r ,correggio's1 nor ,raphael's1 nor ,v]onese's1 b ,fr5* & ,p>isian4 ,8 ,muses & ,cupids1 8 ,com$y & 8 ,judgm5t ( ,p>is1 are docum5ts ( ! ,fr5* _s 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury1 &--toge!r ) a few small & f9e portraits on a gre5 or blue backgr\nd la ,cl\et1 among :i* t ( 8 fri5d ,ab\t takes ! fir/ rank--!y w always assure him an important place 9 ! hi/ory ( ,fr5* art4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,baudry4 ,,cybele4 7,by p]mission ( ! ,m>quise ,arconati-,visconti1 ! own] ( ! picture47 ,illu/ration3 ,,baudry4 ,,l$a4 ,ano!r arti/ :o work$ ) ,baudry at ! decoration ( ! ,gr& ,op]a ,h\se 0 lie ,delaunay1 :o pa9t$ 9 a hall lead+ out ( ! foy] ?ree l>ge pictures on ! my?s ( ,apollo1 ,orpheus1 & ,amphion1 & 0 at t "t less appreciat$ ?an he des]v$4 ,delaunay 0 born 9 ! same ye> z ,baudry1 &1 l him1 0 a ,breton4 ,9 _! g5ius also !y are v simil>4 ,he %>$ 9 ,baudry's admiration ( ! ma/]s ( ! ,r5aissance1 b 8 wor%ip 0 less = ! ,c9quec5to ?an ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,x 0 9 ,fl&r9's /udio t he prep>$ himself = 8 entry into ! cole des ,beaux ,arts4 ,8 fir/ picture1 9 #ahdi1 ,*ri/ heal+ a ,lep]1 01 ) respect to its ,roman mann] ( conceiv+ =m & its bronze-l firm draughtsman%ip1 /ill entirely 9 ! /yle ( ,+res4 ,x 0 n till he w5t to ,italy 9 #ahef1 z w9n] ( ! ,prix de ,rome1 t he turn$ f ! works ( ! ,roman s*ool to ^? ( ! e>ly ,r5aissance ma/]s1 to :om he 0 attract$ by _! rigor\s /udy ( =m & _! manly sev]ity4 ,8 sket* books 7 fill$ ) draw+s aft] ,paolo ,uccello1 ,filippo ,lippi1 ,pollajualo1 ,ghirl&ajo1 ,botticelli1 ,gozzoli1 & ,signorelli4 ,x 0 j at ?is "t t ,fr5* sculpture 0 mak+ its significant revolt aga9/ ! antique & 9 fav\r ( ,donatello1 ,v]roc*io1 & ,della ,robbia2 t ! ,prix de ,flor5ce 0 f\nd$1 & t ,paul ,dubois' ,flor5t9e ,s+] appe>$4 ,delaunay became z a pupil ( ! ,quattroc5to ma/]s "o ( ! greate/ draughtsm5 ( ! c5tury1 a heal?y ,naturali/ 9 ! s5se 9 :i* ! ,primitives 7 s1 ) a concise & firm p[] ( design :i* only ,+res among/ mod]n ,fr5* pa9t]s %>es ) him4 ,! bodies ( 8 nude male figures are /ra9$ 9 n]ve & muscle l ^? ( ,donatello2 !y h ! ess5tial elegance & p[]ful rhy?m ( ,dubois' /atues4 ,ev5 ! two pictures :i* he s5t f ,italy to ! ,salon1 ,! ,nymph ,hesp]ia flee+ f ! ,pursuit ( sacus1 & ! ,lesson on ! ,flute 9 ! ,museum at ,nantes1 7 works ( great ta/e & s9c]ity1 /udi$ ) respectful & pati5t devotion to nature1 )\t /riv+ aft] s5tim5tal effect & )\t conv5tional rem9isc5ces4 ,:5 9 #ahfa he return$ f ,rome1 he complet$ ! frescoes 9 ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,ni*olas 9 ,nantes1 :i*1 9 _! /rict sev]ity1 rem9d "o ( ,signorelli's ,cycle at ,orvieto4 ,9 #ahfe appe>$ 9 ! ,salon 8 ,plague at ,rome1 :i* aft]w>ds pass$ into ! ,luxemb\rg1 & :i* is n devoid ( tragic acc5t4 ,9 t collection hangs also 8 ,diana ( #ahgb1 a pr\d nude figure drawn ) firm & manly l9es1 & full ( grave dignity1 aft] ! mann] ( ,feu]ba*4 ,at ! same "t z 8 ,diana he exhibit$ 8 portrait ( a ,mlle4 ,le*at1 seat$ l "o ( ,botticelli's ,madonnas 9 front ( a trellis ( roses--9 ! /yle ( ! old ma/]s1 & yet mod]n1 naturali/ic1 & 9 excell5t ta/e4 ,!nce=? he took 8 place among ! fir/ portrait pa9t]s ( 8 "t4 ,!re is an inexorable love ( tru?1 a some?+ bronze-l & /ony 9 8 pictures1 f9i%$ z !y are ) ! firm impress ( m$als4 ,in/ances ( ?is may be f\nd 9 8 f9e portrait ( ,mme4 ,t\lm\*e1 :om he has repres5t$ 9 a :ite summ] co/ume1 ) black gloves1 seat$ 9 ! mid/ ( *e]ful l&scape2 & also 9 sev]al male heads drawn ) t firmness ( modell+ :i* ,bronz9o 9 8 be/ days alone possess$4 ,aft] ! completion ( ! ,op]a pa9t+s he f9i%$1 9 #ahgf1 twelve decorative pictures = ! great hall ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,/ate 9 ! ,palais ,royal4 ,8 la/ works1 :i* rema9$ unf9i%$1 7 designs = ! ,pan!on--sc5es f ! life ( ,/4 ,g5evive--9 :i* he foll[$ 9 ! foot/eps ( ! great fresco col\ri/s ( ,upp] ,italy1 ,gaud5zio ,f]r>i & ,pord5one4 lie ,delaunay 0 no orig9al g5ius1 & z a pupil ( ! pa9t]s ( ! ,quattroc5to has n enri*$ ! hi/ory ( art 9 any way1 b he /&s =?1 9 a "t :i* c>$ = no?+ b ext]nal effect1 z a v loyal1 s]i\s1 & hone/ arti/1 ^: works all be> ! /amp ( a heal?y1 manly _s4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,baudry4 ,,edmond ,,ab\t4 ,?\gh 9 ! works ( ^! ma/]s ! ,classicism ( ,+res passes away1 9 "p enfeebl$ & 9 "p imbu$ ) mod]n elem5ts & vivifi$ by a m direct /udy ( nature1 yet on ! :ole ,paul ,del>o*e dom9ates ?is p]iod also4 ,hi/orical pa9t+ takes ! highe/ places 9 ! ,salon1 & %[s itself alt]$ only 9 ?is respect1 t1 in/ead ( ,del>o*e's tam5ess ( /yle1 we h s5sational subjects1 argum5ts :i* revel 9 sc5es ( horror & display ( corpses4 ,lit]ature _h already ent]$ ^u ?is pa?4 ,ev5 ,mrime 9 8 la/ novel1 ,lokis1 0 cle>ly ! =]unn] ( t t5d5cy 9 ta/e :i* ,ta9e *>act]is$ by ! words1 ,depuis dix ans une nuance de brutalit complte l'lgance4 ,flaub]t himself1 9 8 ,salambo1 0 to "s ext5t c>ri$ away by ! /ream4 ,consid]1 = in/ance1 ! descriptions ( ,gisko crawl+1 a maim$1 %apeless /ump1 out ( ! dit* into ,ma?o's t5t1 & ( h[ 8 head is sawn (f2 ( ! tortures inflict$ by ! ,c>?ag9ian p ^u ! captur$ ,ma?o2 or ( h[ ! m]c5>ies are />v$ to dea? 9 ! rocky valley :]e !y 7 imprison$4 ,vy+ ) ?is t5d5cy ( lit]ature1 pa9t+ atta9$ 9 its *os5 !mes an ov]-excitation :i* rea*$ ! limits ( ! possible4 ,:ile ,del>o*e _h only 9 a v timid mann] l$ ! way to ! trag$ies ( hi/ory1 ! y\ng] arti/s hunt$ up all ! mo/ horrible de$s ( blood to be f\nd 9 ! great ,book ( ,m>tyrs ( ! /ory ( man1 & elaborat$ !m on gigantic canvases4 ,x w\ld be q impossible to draw up a catalogue ( all ! murd]s at t "t p]petrat$ by ,fr5* art4 ,!y might be arrang$ "u v>i\s head+s1 z biblical1 hi/orical1 political murd]s2 murd]s 9 connection ) robb]y1 & murd]s aris+ out ( rev5ge2 ) subdivisions correspond+ to ! means employ$1 z poison1 ! dagg]1 ! halt]1 broadsword & rapi]1 ! b[/r+1 /rangl+1 burn+1 etc4 ,?is 0 ! "t :51 on acc\nt ( ?is dom9ance ( ! ,g5re froce1 ! public us$ to call ! ,salon ! ,morgue4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,delaunay4 ,,diana4 ,t\d\ze pa9t$ ! ,fall ( ,sodom ) a doz5 copp]-col\r$ ,abyss9ians1 l>g] ?an life1 roll+ on ! gr\nd 9 convulsions1 :ile ,lot's wife1 dy+ & half-consum$ by fire1 gna%es h] tee? z %e raises ! corpse ( h] *ild ov] h] head4 ,9 a picture ( ,george ,beck]'s 7 repres5t$ ! corpses ( ,k+ ,saul's sons1 deliv]$ ov] by ,david to ! ,gibeonites1 hang+ alongside ( ea* o!r 9 a d>k =e/ sc5e on a cross-%ap$ framework1 l but*]'s meat f ! %ambles4 ,_! "m /&s b5ea? ! scaffold1 sw++ a knott$ club to protect ! corpses f an ant$iluvian vulture4 ,9 a pa9t+ by ,brhan1 ,cyax>es1 ,k+ ( ! ,m$es1 gives a banquet1 & by way ( dess]t has 8 gue/s ! ,scy?ian lead]s massacr$ by 8 m]c5>ies4 ,9 "o by ,mat?ieu1 ,heliogabalus has hit ^u a yet happi] idea1 = at ! conclusion ( ! meal he sets half-/>v$ lions & tig]s ^u 8 gue/s4 ,aim ,morot depict$ 9 a l>ge picture ,! ,wives ( ! ,ambrones 9 ! battle ( ,aqu ,sexti4 ,!y are hurl+ !mselves l a horde ( furies ^u ! ,roman horsem5 :o are attack+ ! camp4 ,half-nak$1 or entirely s1 ) _! hair fl[+ beh9d !m1 !y ?r[ !mselves ^u ! ,romans1 cat* hold ( ! swords by ! blade1 te> _! eyes out1 & are trampl$ b5ea? ! horses' ho(s4 ,especially popul> 7 ! voluptu\s & cruel wild bea/s f ! m5ag]ie ( ! ,cs>s4 ,n]o 9 p>ticul> suit$ ! atmosph]e ( ! p]iod2 8 gho/ haunt$ ! novel1 ! /age1 sculpture1 & pa9t+1 & !re seem$ to be a g5]al agreem5t to immortalise him & ! morally mon/r\s p]sonality ( ,locu/a4 ,9 a picture by ,sylve/re he is repres5t$ ) florid *eeks1 gl[+ ) fat1 & gloat+ ov] ! mortal agony ( a slave ly+ on ! gr\nd1 ^u :om ,locu/a has te/$ ! poison int5d$ = ,britannicus4 ,aublet v>i$ ! same !me by mak+ a negro lad ! victim1 :ile sev]al corpses ( negroes ly+ 9 ! backgr\nd sugge/ t ! ,emp]or 0 n q satisfi$ ) ,locu/a's fir/ exp]im5ts4 ,r\nd ,n]o1 ! m entirely to fill 8 magnific5t ,gold5 ,h\se1 ! *>m+ %ades ( 8 cong5ial comrades 9 crime weave _! flitt+ dances4 ,pelez depict$ ! /rangl+ ( ! ,emp]or ,commodus by ! gladiator to :om ! ,empress _h entru/$ ! task1 & pa9t$ ) t5d] int]e/ ! m>ks caus$ by suffusion ( blood :i* ! a?lete's h& _h left ^u ! unhappy pr9ce's neck4 ,a v famili> figure is t ( ,s5eca1 ) di/ort$ features1 utt]+ 8 la/ words ( wisdom :ile ! blood p\rs f 8 op5$ ve9s4 ,aft] ! madness ( ! ,cs>s comes ! atroci\s hi/ory ( ! ,m]ov+ian k+s4 ,lum9ais1 ! pa9t] ( ,gauls & b>b>ians1 repres5t$ 9 8 l>ge picture ,les n]vs de ,jumiges ! sons ( ,k+ ,clovis ,,ii1 :o1 aft] ! muscles ( _! knees h be5 de/roy$ by fire1 are set helplessly adrift 9 a boat on ! ,se9e4 ,!n foll[$ torture sc5es f ! "t ( ! ,inquisition1 & sa9ts burn+ at ! /ake4 ,! conception :i* ?is po/-,romantic g5]ation _h ( ! ,ea/ 0 ( cruelty & voluptu\sness mix$1 a ?+ piec$ toge!r out ( :ite bodies1 purple /reams ( blood1 & br[n backgr\nds4 ,"h1 ! fav\rite ,sultana contemplates ! sev]$ head ( h] rival1 :i* />es at h] out ( its glassy eyes2 !re1 eunu*s are mak+ ready to /rangle a woman condemn$ to dea?4 ,9 works su* z ^! ! g5ius1 p[]ful 9 composition1 ( ,b5jam9 ,con/ant1 celebrates its triumphs4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,delaunay4 ,,boys ,,s++4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,delaunay4 ,,madame ,,t\lm\*e4 ,yet1 not)/&+ all ! means ( allurem5t furni%$ by su* !mes1 ^! pa9t+s almo/ inv>iably fail to produce ! anticipat$ effect4 ,n t x is ! brutality ( ! subjects t makes !m unpleasant4 ,art 9 all times has busi$ itself ) ! horrible4 ,h[ voluptu\sly does ,dante depict ! horrors ( ,hell6 ,:at imag9ation 0 ev] peopl$ ) figures m dreadful ?an ^? conceiv$ by ,%akespe>e8 ,cruelty & dea? h a poetry ( _! own3 :y %\ld ,art prudi%ly ab/a9 f depict+ !m8 ,only1 if ! result is to be a good picture1 ! subject mu/ be 9 /rict congruity ) ! tal5t employ$ ^u x1 & 9 ! majority ( ^! works ?is con=mity is lack+4 ,! subjects alone _h become m savage & brutal4 ,9 ! mann] ( treatm5t !re is none ( ! wild effect :i* ! ,neapolitans ( ! sev5te5? c5tury gave to _! sc5es ( m>tyrdom4 ,spirits truly wild1 l ,delacroix & ,c>avaggio1 are n to be met ) e day4 ,! pa9t]s :o laun*$ out ^u ^! blood?ir/y !mes took absolutely no inw>d enjoym5t 9 tragical subjects1 b simply pa9t$ !m z if aft] precepts le>n$ at s*ool4 ,& z !y 7 also defici5t 9 t k ( nature :i* is acquir$ only by direct /udy ( life1 n "o ( !m 0 9 a position to give to 8 hi/orical sc5es t naturali/ic weight :i* alone gives to su* !mes a "* ( conv9c+ probability4 ,true1 ^! pictures compel respect on acc\nt ( _! unusual ability4 ,^! nak$ bodies1 twi/+ !mselves 9 ! mo/ v>y+ po/ures ( pa91 give pro( by _! correct draughtsman%ip ( ! mo/ pa9/ak+ anatomical /udies1 yet aft] all !y are no?+ m ?an inv]t$ ,laocons4 ,! ,classical _s haunts !m /ill1 & a discordant effect is produc$ :5 subjects s full ( wild passion are tranquilly depict$ accord+ to cold conv5tional rules4 ,ov] all ^! figures & sc5es1 ev5 ! mo/ horrible1 lies ! veil ( a ,classical embelli%m5t1 :i* deprives !m altoge!r ( t directness :i* lays hold on ! imag9ation4 ,! pictures are good /udies ( co/ume1 & make an admirable impression by _! respl5d5t gl[ ( col\r2 !y are %[-pieces1 brilliant /age effects1 z happily conceiv$ z any ( ,s>d\'s4 ,b ! recipe = _! production is /ill t ( ! s*ool ( ,del>o*e3 avoidance ( all extremes1 g5]alis$ =ms1 c>eful composition1 crude lukew>mness1 or ! affectation ( d>+4 ,sc>ce "o ( ^! pa9t]s has giv5 to 8 wild subject an equal wildness ( treatm5t2 n "o has rais$ himself f ! paltry level ( ,del>o*e to ! arti/ic height ( ,delacroix4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,sylve/re4 ,,locu/a ,,te/+ ,,9 ,,n]o',s ,,pres5ce ,,poison ,,prep>$ ,,= ,,britannicus4 ,laur5s alone1 surnam$ by 8 comrades ! ,b5$ict9e1 because 8 pr$ilection 0 = =gott5 !mes f ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 con/itutes 9 a c]ta9 s5se an exception to ! rule4 ,he too belongs to ! gr\p ( hi/orical pa9t]s ^: !ory is t a picture %\ld repres5t an hi/orical fact ) absolute accuracy4 ,b he is m mascul9e ?an ,del>o*e4 ,8 p]sonages are tru] to nature1 or1 if "o w1 less banal2 ! g5]al effect is w>m] & full] ( life2 he has a great] p[] ( attract+ att5tion4 ,!re is no?+ great 9 8 "w1 b !re is no cold p$antry3 ! art ( comb9ation is m adroit1 s t "o is less aw>e ( calculation1 & may sometimes obs]ve a grim e>ne/ness4 ,he really loves ! t]rible1 :ile ! o!rs m]ely made use ( x = ! manufacture ( :at are no?+ m ?an tableaux4 ,to ! ,inquisition especially he 0 indebt$ = notable successes1 & at times he 0 able to depict its d>k sc5es ( horror 9 a v subtle mann]4 ,:5 he heaps up1 9 front ( a *ur*1 corpses to :i* ! prie/s h refus$ burial2 :5 he dis9t]s popes 9 ord] to place !m 9 ! dock be=e _! accus]s2 :5 he op5s c(f9s to reveal ! decompos$ features ( "s er/:ile beauty1 he sets ev5 blunt$ n]ves on ! /ret*2 & z he has !re9 atta9$ ! goal he _h propos$ to himself1 8 art is n )\t its ju/ification4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,lum9ais4 ,,les ,,n]v,s ,,de ,,jumi,,ges4 ,among ! y\ng] g5]ation1 ,ro*egrosse1 an arti/ ( d>+ g5ius1 appe>$ = a :ile to h tak5 to su* !mes by free *oice1 & n solely ?r\gh ! traditions ( ! /udio4 ,"o seem$ to obs]ve 9 8 works a truly emotional temp]am5t flam+ beh9d ! trammels ( conv5tionality1 & 0 almo/ incl9$ to rank him among ! spirits ( /orm & /ress :o trace _! desc5t f ,delacroix4 ,aft] 8 fir/ picture1 9 :i* ,vitellius is repres5t$ dragg$ ?r\gh ! /reets ( ,rome & ill treat$ by ! populace1 he a*iev$ success ) a sc5e tak5 f ! de/ruction ( ,troy4 ,"h ,&roma*e1 rag+ ) impot5t angui%1 is /ruggl+ aga9/ a numb] ( ,greeks :o h snat*$ h] *ild f h] arms to ?r[ x d[n f ! ramp>ts4 ,?is brutal /rife is depict$ ) ! highe/ naturali/ic p[]4 ,nei!r ! h]o9e nor ! w>riors belong to ! ideal figures ( ! /yle ( compromise4 ,&roma*e is ( a fulness ( =m almo/ approa*+ corpul5ce1 & ! ,greeks rem9d "o ( ,indians on ! w>pa?4 ,mangl$ corpses complete ! picture1 & on ! b>e wall to ! left1 ov] ! /airs1 hang dead bodies ab&on$ to corruption & ! birds ( prey4 ,9 8 ?ird picture he took = 8 !me ! horrors ( ! b>b>\s & f]oci\s ,peasants' ,w> 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury1 z ,mrime _h describ$ !m 9 8 book entitl$ ,la ,jacqu]ie2 & 8 "w is all ! m effective z !re lurks 9 ! subject a c]ta9 grim mod]n t\* :i* rem9ds "o ( ! ,social ,democracy1 ( ! insurrection ( ! ,commune1 ( some?+ :i* might happ5 ev5 to-day4 ,! insurg5ts break into ! hall1 :]e ! ladies ( ! ca/le h tak5 refuge ) _! *ildr54 ,"o alone /&s erect1 ! gr&mo!r 9 h] nun-l wid['s dress1 & /ret*es h] arms beh9d h] ) a ge/ure ( en]gy1 z if to %ield ! y\ng] ones at h] back4 ,! =emo/ intrud] ironically takes (f 8 cap4 ,ano!r lifts up on 8 pike ! fair-hair$1 ble$+ head ( ! "l ( ! ca/le2 a ?ird has simil>ly transfix$ 8 reek+ he>t4 ,o!rs are press+ 9 f )\t1 break+ ! w9d[ panes ) _! weapons1 :i* are yet dripp+ ) blood4 ,b5ea? frightful figures are se51 ! mo/ horrible t ( a woman /&+ on ! w9d[-sill1 h] h&s propp$ ^u h] knees1 gaz+ ) insane laught] ^u ! mortal t]ror ( ! ari/ocratic ladies4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,laur5s4 ,,! ,,int]dict4 ,9 8 subsequ5t pictures ,ro*egrosse did n g s f> afield4 ,8 ,murd] ( ,julius ,cs> 0 a "w ( art 9 :ite ^u :ite1 full ( crude imag9ation1 ) :ite walls1 :ite reflections ( light1 :ite togas1 & d>k r$ blot*es ( blood4 ,8 grass-eat+ ,nebu*adnezz> prov$ t f ! sublime to ! ridicul\s !re is (t5 only a /ep4 ,betwe5 times he pa9t$ ar*ological trifles = ladies ( lit]>y culture1 su* z ! ,battle ( ! ,sp>r[s ( #ahij2 b 9 8 great ,fall ( ,babylon he has prov$ once m :at he c d4 ,no d\bt x is n a f9e "w3 x is a m]e decorative piece1 b an a/oni%+ly spirit$ p]=mance4 ,! sc5e is ! palace ( ! ,babylonian k+s1 ! decorative con/ruction ( :i* ! recov]$ monum5ts & ! rec5t sci5tific inve/igations _h r5d]$ x possible to reproduce4 ,ro*egrosse consult$ ) ! zeal ( an ar*ologi/ all ! treasures ( ! ,l\vre & ! ,briti% ,museum1--,assyrian friezes1 ornam5ts1 & co/umes1--& !n set =? 9 ^! surr\nd+s ! fam\s banquet at :i* ! ,prophet ,daniel expla9$ ! words ,m5e1 ,tekel1 ,p]es4 ,! day beg9s to break2 9 ! di/ance ! army ( ! ,m$es advanc+ to attack ! palace has bur/ op5 ! gate2 ,bel%azz> leaves ! table 9 t]ror1 & takes to 8 weapons2 ! nak$ wom51 /ill intoxicat$1 /ret* _! limbs1 or rema9 lazily indiff]5t ly+ on ! gr\nd2 ar\nd is a dazzl+ confusion ( mosaics1 ( poly*rome ar*itecture1 ( fanta/ic images ( animals1 ( glitt]+ tape/ries %ot ) _m hues & pleas+ to ! eye2 ( fl[]s1 vases1 fruits1 pa/ry1 & nude bodies ( wom54 ,! grey light ( morn+ /rives to ov]come t ( ! half-ext+ui%$ lamps1 & re/s ) lead5 weight ^u ! gigantic /ill-life bel[4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,regnault4 ,,salome4 7,by p]mission ( ,m4 ,georges ,petit1 ! own] ( ! copyright47 ,if "s portion ( ,delacroix's wild g5ius appe>s to h desc5d$ ^u ,ro*egrosse1 yet 0 ,h5ri ,regnault1 z a col\ri/1 ! greate/ ( ,delacroix's heirs--ev5 all[+ = ! exagg]at$ r5[n :i* came to him 9 ,france1 f ! fact t he 0 ! la/ to fall 9 ! w> ( #ahgj4 ,8 portrait ( ,g5]al ,prim ( #ahfi1 :i*1 reject$ by ! sitt]1 came ev5tually to ! ,l\vre1 is some:at rem9isc5t ( ,velasquez & ,delacroix1 b is nev]!less1 ) ^? ( ,gricault1 among/ ! f9e/ eque/rian portraits ( ! c5tury4 ,9 8 ,salome he has depict$ a black-hair$ girl ) twit*+ feet1 re/+ ^u a /ool aft] h] dance1 & contemplat+ ) ! cruelty ( a tigress ! platt] :i* %e holds ready = ! head ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 :ile h] gl[+ r$ m\? ) its dazzl+ tee? smiles l t ( an innoc5t *ild4 ,9 h] he has embodi$ ) inf]nal subtlety ! demon ( voluptu\s wantonness1 & has compos$ a symphony 9 yell[ ( s$uctive & dazzl+ *>m4 ,%e is attir$ 9 transp>5t gold-inwov5 robes1 :i* h a c>ess+ congruity ) ! respl5d5t texture ( ! backgr\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,regnault4 ,,! ,,moori% ,,headsman4 ,8 ,moori% ,headsman is a symphony 9 r$4 ,9 8 pale rose-r$ g>b ! tall ,moor /&s 9 maje/ic dignity1 wipes a few drops ( blood f ! blade ( 8 sword1 & glances ) c>eless indiff]5ce--a type ( ! dreamy cruelty ( ,ori5tal fatalism--)\t ang] & )\t pity1 )\t hatr$ & )\t satisfaction1 ^u ! sev]$ head ) its di/ort$ eyes1 :i*1 roll+ d[n a c\ple ( /eps1 has /a9$ ! :ite m>ble ) purple pat*es ( blood4 ,i w cause ! g5u9e ,moors to rise aga91 at once ri* & great1 t]rible & voluptu\s1--s ! voice ( ,delacroix speaks out ( ?is picture by ,regnault4 ,8 pa9t+s1 l ^? ( 8 ma/]1 h ! effect ( spl5did ,ori5tal co/umes2 !y are %ot ) e hue1 !y light5 & gli/51 !y are inwov5 ) magnific5t arabesques ( gold & silv]1 ) sp>kl+ embroid]ies & preci\s /ones4 ,! ,orl&o ,furioso ( art lives once m 9 ^! fasc9at+ h>monies1 9 ! p[]1 spl5d\r1 & lu/re ( ! col\r+4 ,j z ,baudry at ! close ( ! ,classical p]iod produc$ 9 8 pa9t+s = ! ,op]a ,h\se ! noble/ "w aft] ! ideali/ =mul1 s ,regnault 9 8 ,salome & 8 ,prim has complet$ ! la/ defiant works ( ! =mul ( ,romanticism4 ,we h ?\ght x advisable to foll[ ?is developm5t ( ! art ( pa9t+ d[n to its close1 j z 9 treat+ ( ! old] p]iods we h proce$$1 n ^u *ronological pr9ciples1 b ^u ^? ( hi/orical /yle4 ,n[ t ! old art has be5 foll[$ to ! grave1 x w be all ! easi]1 lat] on1 to p]ceive cle>ly h[ ! new arose sl[ly out ( its invisible dep?s4 ,& z ,france s9ce #ahcj has become ! high s*ool ( art = o!r nations1 ^? pa?s h at ! same "t be5 indicat$ along :i* ! art ( pa9t+ 0 proce$+ dur+ ^! ye>s 9 o!r c\ntries4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h5ri ,,regnault ,,g5]al ,,pr,m ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,! ,,hi/orical ,,s*ool ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,belgium ,belgian art _h gone ?r\gh ! same hi/ory z ,fr5* art s9ce ,david4 ,:5 ! ,fr5* patri>* came to ,brussels to pass ! rema9d] ( 8 days !re 9 hon\r1 he f\nd ! gr\nd already well prep>$4 ,! ,classici/s _h long s9ce made _! way into art1 & ! old ,flemi% tradition 0 dy+ out4 ,l5s & ,h]reyns are ! la/ col\ri/s 9 ! s5se ( ! good old "t1 b !y are associat$ ) ! good old "t only ?r\gh ! qualities ( _! col\r+4 ,z a deg5]ate desc5dant ( ,van ,dyck1 ,l5s pa9t$ ) a feeble bru% sweet1 insipid1 sug>y "w = b\doirs & prie-dieu *airs2 & _h lo/ 8 feel+ = nature to su* a degree t he gave ! ag$ ! same fle% t9t z *ildr51 & m5 ! full brea/s ( h]maphrodites4 ,h]reyns1 appo9t$ director ( ! ,antw]p ,academy 9 #ahjj1 0 m mascul9e2 & al?\gh likewise conv5tional & want+ 9 individuality1 he 0 none ! less a pa9t] ( bread? & boldness4 ,he 0 mo/ enraptur$ ) a model ) a copp]-col\r$ sk9 & knott$ muscles1 or ) pretty & ruddy *ildr51 & fat nurses ) swell+ brea/s4 ,?is bold work] embodi$ 9 8 own p]son ! art ( a great epo*1 b did no?+ to r5ew x4 ,^! pa9t]s1 inde$1 only mix$ = a new ha% ! crumbs fall5 f ! table at :i* giants _h once sat4 ,!y look$ backw>ds in/ead ( ar\nd !m1 & light$ _! mode/ little lamp at ! sun ( ,rub5s4 ,france 0 ! only c\ntry :]e art foll[$ ! great *anges ( culture 9 ! age4 ,h5ce ,flemi% pa9t+ _h be5 cross$ ) ,fr5* elem5ts long be=e ,david's arrival4 ,& ,p>is 0 = ! arti/s ( #ahjj :at ,italy _h be5 = ^? ( #afjj4 ,!y made _! pilgrimage 9 troops to ! /udio ( ,suve1 :o _h orig9ally come f ,bruges1 b _h liv$ s9ce #agga on ! ,se9e4 ,!re1 & !re only1 recipes = ! composition ( great figure pictures 7 to be obta9$4 ,& ?us art complet$ :at ! ,empire _h 9 a political s5se begun4 ,! arti/ic b>ri]s fell z ! geographical ones _h done be=e1 & ! ,belgian pa9t]s w5t back to ,brussels1 ,antw]p1 ,gh5t1 & ,bruges z m5 annex$ by ,france4 ,david on 8 arrival ne$$ only to %ake ! tree & ! fruit fell ripe into 8 lap4 ,he ent]$ ,fl&]s l a conqu]or1 & left ! signs ( ravage beh9d him on 8 triumphal progress4 ,9 ,brussels a c\rt ga!r$ r\nd him z r\nd a bani%$ k+1 & a gold m$al 0 /ruck 9 memory ( 8 arrival4 ,he took ,flemi% art 9 8 p[]ful h&s & cru%$ x4 ,=1 ne$less to say1 he saw no?+ b b>b>ism 9 ! g5ius ( ,rub5s1 & inoculat$ ,flemi% arti/s ) a g5u9e horror ( _! great pr9ce ( pa9t]s4 ,he cont9u$ to tea* 9 ,brussels :at he _h prea*$ 9 ,p>is1 & became ! fa!r-9-law ( a deadly tiresome ,franco-,belgian s*ool1 to :i* belong$ a succession ( correct pa9t]s2 m5 su* z ,duvivi]1 ,ducq1 ,pael9ck1 ,odeva]e1 & o!rs4 ,= ! aborig9al1 /urdy1 en]getic1 & c>nal ,flemi% art 0 prescrib$ ! ma!matical regul>ity ( ! antique canon4 ,! old ,flemi% joy\sness ( col\r pass$ into a consumptive cacophony4 ,& !n 0 repeat$ 9 ,belgium ! trag$y :i* ,classicism _h play$ 9 ,france4 ,ev]y?+ became a pretext = drap]ies1 /iff poses1 sculptural gr\p+s1 & pla/] heads4 ,phdra & ,!seus1 ,hector & ,&roma*e1 ,p>is & ,hel51 71 z 9 ,p>is1 ! mo/ popul> subjects4 ,& s great a confusion reign$1 t a sculptor f :om a wolf 0 ord]$ includ$ ! hi/ory ( ,romulus & ,remus gratuit\sly4 ,! only "o ^: works are /ill p>tially enjoyable is ,navez4 ,he 01 l ,+res 9 ,france1 ! la/ prop ( ?is art1 *isell$1 z x 71 out ( /one2 & ev5 aft] ! fall ( ,classicism he rema9$ 9 e/eem1 because1 l ,+res1 he knew h[ to /e] a prud5t c\rse betwe5 ,david1 ! ,italians1 & a c]ta9 indep5d5t /udy ( nature4 ,a t\* ( realism 0 m+l$ ) 8 mania = ! ,greeks2 only to a limit$ ext5t did he correct ugly nature2 he w\ld h v5tur$ to repres5t ,socrates ) 8 negro nose & ,!rsites ) 8 hump1 &1 aga91 l ,+res he has left beh9d him endur+ p]=mances z a portrait pa9t]4 ,8 correct1 cold1 & discreet tal5t grew w>m at ! t\* ( human p]sonality1 & 8 draw+s1 9 p>ticul>1 prove t he _h w>m? ( feel+ z an arti/4 ,z 8 biograph] tells u1 he seldom laid d[n ! sket*-book 9 :i* he fix$ 8 impressions z he talk$4 ,e page 0 fill$ ) sket*es ( a gr\p1 a figure1 or a ge/ure se5 9 ! /reet & rapidly da%$ (f1 z reali/ically z ev5 ,c\rbet c\ld desire4 ,& ^! he transf]r$1 :5 he pa9t$ 9 ! noble /yle4 ,z ,navez _h importance z an arti/1 s _h ,mat?ias van ,bree--,h]reyns' successor 9 ! directorate ( ! ,antw]p ,academy--importance z a tea*]4 ,he work$ 9 ,belgium1 l ,gros 9 ,p>is1 only 9 ano!r way4 ,:ile ,gros z an arti/ 0 ! =]unn] ( ,romanticism1 & z a tea*] an or?odox ,classici/1 ,van ,bree is t$i\s z an arti/1 b z a tea*] he fann$ 9 ! "y g5]ation a gl[+ love = old ,flemi% art4 ,no "o spoke ( ,rub5s1 ,van ,dyck1 & ! great art ( ! sev5te5? c5tury ) s mu* w>m? & und]/&+2 & :il/ ) ! *>coal 9 8 h& he compos$ buckram c>toons1 he dreamt ( a y\? :o %\ld arise to r5ew ! old ,flemi% tradition4 ,be=e long ?is "y man _h gr[n up4 ,he _h se5 ! arti/ic treasures ( ,antw]p & ,p>is4 ,"h ,rub5s _h delight$ 8 eyes1 & !re ,paul ,v]onese4 ,z he admir$ bo? 9 ! ,l\vre1 he he>d beh9d him ! voice ( ! "y ,romantici/s :o1 l him1 _h an en?usiasm = col\r & movem5t1 & blasphem$ ! /iff1 col\rless old ,david4 ,gu/av ,wapp]s1 also1 _h paid toll to ,classicism1 & pa9t$ 9 #ahbc a ,regulus aft] ! well-kn[n recipe4 ,all ! great] 0 ! a/oni%m5t :51 9 #ahcj1 he came =w>d ) 8 ,burgoma/] van d] ,w]ff3 ,burgoma/] van d] ,w]ff ( ,leyd51 at ! siege ( ! t[n 9 #aegf1 (f]s 8 own body z food to ! fami%$ citiz5s4 ,! v subject c\ld n fail to create en?usiasm 9 ! great body ( ! p1 excit$ z !y 7 by ideas ( lib]ty3 ! brilliant me?od ( pres5tation did ?is no less4 ,:at ! old ,van ,bree look$ =1 ! return to ! spl5d\r ( col\r & s5su\s fulness ( life ( ! old ma/]s1 0 a*iev$ 9 ?is picture4 ,9 ! same ye>1 :5 ,belgium _h won h] nationality & indep5d5ce once m1 a pa9t] also v5tur$ to break away f ! ,fr5* =mul ( ,classicism1 & to treat a national !me 9 ! mann] ( ^? pa9t]s :o 9 =m] c5turies _h be5 ! glory ( ,fl&]s4 ,wapp]s 0 greet$ z a national h]o2 8 "p x 0 to br+ to an issue ) ! bru% t good fight :i* o!rs _h f\ght ) ! musket & sabre4 ,8 picture 0 a sign ( ! deliv]y ( ,flemi% art f ! ,fr5* h\se ( bondage4 ,:il/ old] m5 7 horrifi$1 z ! foll[]s ( ! s*ool ( ,del>o*e 7 aft]w>ds horrifi$ at ! ,/one-break]s ( ,c\rbet1 ! y\ng] g5]ation look$ up to ,wapp]s z a ,messiah4 ,ev]y?+ 9 ! ,brussels ,salon fad$ be=e ! fre%ness ( ! new "w2 a spr+tide 9 pa9t+ seem$ to be at h&1 & ! w9try rigidity ( ,classicism 0 w>m$ by a bur/ ( sun%9e1 ! old gods trembl$ & felt _! ,olympus quake4 ,gu/av ,wapp]s 0 held to be ! lead] ( a new ,r5aissance4 ,9 him ! great era ( ! sev5te5? c5tury 0 to be cont9u$4 ,! iridesc5ce ( silk5 /uffs1 ! :ole col\r & fe/al joy\sness ( ! old ma/]s1 7 f\nd once m4 ,z 9 ,france !re rose ! %\t1 ,an ,+res1 a ,delacroix6 s !re res\nd$ 9 ,belgium ! battle-cry1 ,a ,navez1 a ,wapp]s6 ,! picture 0 b\ght by ,k+ ,william ,,ii ( ,holl&1 & 9 #ahcb ,wapp]s 0 made ,pr(essor ( ! ,antw]p ,academy4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,gu/av ,,wapp]s4 ,! ,exhibition ( #ahcd confirm$ him 9 8 new position z head ( a s*ool4 ,?is 0 a g5u9e triumph1 :i* he ga9$ by 8 ,episode 9 ! ,belgian ,revolution ( #ahcj4 ,a sc5e out ( ! blood-/a9$ days ( ! /reet fights 9 ,brussels--t glori\s f9al *apt] ( ! /ruggle ( ! ,belgian p = fre$om f ! ,fr5* yoke--0 no?+ less ?an an ev5t 9 :i* e "o _h rec5tly tak5 "p4 ,at a p]iod :5 s few realis$ h[ closely ! great ma/]s ( ! pa/ 7 b\nd to _! own "t & imbib$ f x _! /r5g? & n\ri%m5t1 ?is new pa9t]1 9 defiance ( all !ories1 _h drawn boldly f life4 ,?is picture 0 reg>d$ z a hymn ( jubilation = :at 0 atta9$ & a ?r5ody = ! sacrifice x _h co/4 ,& ! neighb\rhood ( ! *ur*1 :]e he _h laid ! action1 /amp$ x almo/ z ! votive picture ( ! ,belgian p = its dead4 ,on ! "r an artisan /&+ al(t ^u a newly ?r[n up e>?work is read+ to 8 att5tive comrades ! reject$ proclamation ( ! ,pr9ce ( ,orange4 ,on ! left a re9=cem5t is com+ up4 ,9 ! =egr\nd boys are te>+ up ! pavem5t or beat+ ! drum2 & "h & !re are enact$ v>i\s tragical family sc5es4 ,"h a "y wife ) a *ild on h] arm cl+s ) all ! /r5g? ( despair to h] husb&1 :o resi/s h] & f9ally te>s himself f h] grasp & hurries to ! b>ricade--! cry ( love is dr[n$ amid ! cla% ( arms4 ,!re1 support$ on ! knee ( 8 grey-head$ fa!r1 re/s a h&some "y fell[ ) clos+ eyes & ! dea?-w\nd 9 8 he>t4 ,x seems z ?\gh ! ,horatian dulce et decorum e/ might be said to w&] ov] 8 features & to glorify !m4 ,= patriotism z well z = m]e s5tim5t1 "h are noble sc5es en\gh & to sp>e4 ,n only all ,brussels1 b all ,belgium1 made a pilgrimage to ,wapp]s' creation4 ,e "m beheld h] lo/ son 9 ! y\? 9 ! =egr\nd ^: life has be5 sacrific$2 e artisan's wife s\ght h] husb&1 h] bro!r1 or h] fa!r among/ ! figures ( ! fight+-m5 on ! b>ricades4 ,all ! newspap]s 7 full ( praise1 & a subscription 0 set on foot to /rike a m$al 9 commemoration ( ! picture4 ,if1 up to ?is "t1 ,wapp]s _h be5 m]ely prais$ z ! r5ew] ( ,belgian art1 he 0 n[ plac$ alongside ( ! greate/ ma/]s4 ,?i]s induc$ him to exhibit 9 ,p>is ! mu* discuss$ "w1 ! fame ( :i* _h pass$ beyond ! b\nd>ies ( ,belgium4 ,! ,episode made a triumphal t\r ( all ! great t[ns ( ,europe be=e x f\nd its home 9 ! ,muse ,mod]ne2 & ,wapp]s' fame abroad increas$ yet m 8 celebrity 9 ,fl&]s4 ,?anks to him1 ! neighb\r+ nations began to int]e/ !mselves 9 ! ,belgian s*ool4 ,all 7 unit$ 9 admiration ( ! mighty conception & ! h>moni\s s*eme ( col\r4 ,! ,g]man ,morg5blatt publi%$ a /udy ( him 9 #ahcf4 ,wapp]s c\nt$ z ! lead+ pa9t] ( 8 c\ntry4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,wapp]s4 ,,! ,,sacrifice ,,( ,,burgoma/] ,,van ,,d] ,,w]ff ,,at ,,! ,,siege ,,( ,,leyd54 ,yet ! same ye> br\ght him 8 fir/ rivals4 ,8 entry on ! /age _h giv5 /r5g? to a gr\p ( "y pa9t]s belong+ to ! same c\rage\s movem5t1 & ! ,brussels ,salon ( #ahcf conc5trat$ _! ef=ts4 ,nicaise de ,keyz] made 8 appe>ance 9 heavy arm\r4 ,z e>ly z #ahcd he _h come =w>d ) a great picture1 a ,crucifixion1 9 :i* he desir$ to compete ) ,rub5s1 z x seem$1 9 ! latt]'s mo/ special prov9ce4 ,yet ! "w m]ely te/ifi$ to its au?or's excell5t memory3 ! majority ( ! heads1 ge/ures1 & drap]ies _h be5 made use ( 9 old pictures 9 precisely ! same fa%ion4 ,consci\sly or n1 he _h copi$ fragm5ts direct1 & weld$ !m toge!r 9 a new composition4 ,if1 9 spite ( ?is1 ! "n ( de ,keyz] already flew f m\? to m\?1 he ow$ x to ! nimbus ( romance :i* irradiat$ 8 p]son4 ,! /ory w5t t an ,antw]p lady on "o ( h] walks _h se5 a "y man draw+ 9 ! s&1 :ile 8 flock 0 at pa/ure n f> (f4 ,%e /epp$ up & (f]$ him a p5cil1 & he1 a new ,cimabue1 began =?) to sket* a picture ( ! ,madonna4 ,! draw+ 0 s beautiful 7s ! tale ran7 t ! lady w\ld h held x a s9 to all[ ! g5ius to end 8 days z a %eph]d4 ,he came to t[n1 receiv$ in/ruction1 & le>n$ to pa9t4 ,a little idyll illum9at$ by ! amiability ( a lady 0 q en\gh to prep>e a fri5dly reception = ,de ,keyz]4 ,& s9ce he1 l a tractable1 mode/ "y man1 he>k5$ att5tively to criticism1 he satisfi$ all desires :51 9 #ahcf1 he came =w>d ) 8 ,battle ( ! ,spurs at ,c\rtrai1 #acjb4 ,9 its quiet elegance ! "w answ]$ to ! peaceful mood :i* prevail$ once m aft] ! days ( revolt & political insurrection4 ,he 0 giv5 special cr$it = cle>ness ( composition & antiqu>ian exactness4 ,de ,keyz] _h *os5 ! mom5t :5 ! ,c\nt ( ,artois 0 expir+ on ! knees ( a ,flemi% soldi]2 ano!r ,flem+ _h 8 arm rais$ to protect 8 g5]al f ! approa*+ ,fr5*4 ,= ! re/1 !re is a lull 9 ! fight1 ?\gh ! battlefield 9 ! backgr\nd is indicat$ ) ! m9ut5ess ( an hi/orian3 none ( ^? c>nages ( blood & smoke ( :i* ! _w 0 gr[n once m we>y1 b a correct1 well-discipl9$ battle1 a skilful composition ( f9e ge/ures1 helmets1 cuirasses1 & halb]ts4 ,ev5 ! ,c\nt's spur1 says ,alv91 is drawn aft] ! orig9al1 ! only rema9+ spur out ( sev5 hundr$ :i* lay scatt]$ on ! field aft] ! day ( ,c\rtrai4 ,9 ! same ye> ,h5ri ,decaisne complet$ 8 ,belges ,illu/res4 ,! fam\s pa/ 0 suppos$ to give its bless+ to ! great pres5t4 ,! arti/1 :o 9 ,p>is _h pa9t$ portraits ) success1 _h be5 e/eem$ !re by ,lam>t9e1 & celebrat$ by ,alfr$ de ,musset 9 a brilliant article 9 ! ,revue des ,deux ,mondes1 n[ gratifi$ a long *]i%$ desire ( ! ,belgian national pride :5 he unit$ ! h]oes ( ! l& 9 an ideal ga!r+4 ,soon aft]w>ds ,gallait & ,bifve trod ! /age ( ,belgian pa9t+4 ,9 po9t ( size _! pictures surpass$ all t t age1 accu/om$ z x 0 to va/ canvases1 _h yet witness$4 ,! ,abdication ( ,*>les ,v measur$ tw5ty feet2 x 0 hung 9 ! ,salon ,c>r ( ! ,l\vre above ,paul ,v]onese's ,m>riage at ,cana4 ,an entire c\rt ( great ladies & g5tlem51 clad 9 velvet & brocade1 move 9 ! gorge\s hall ( /ate ( a k+'s ca/le4 ,! solemn mom5t is repres5t$ :5 ,*>les ,v1 erect & dom9at+ ! entire assembly1 c$es ! gov]nm5t ( 8 possessions to ,philip3 & "h is a m9e ( pr(\nd criticism ( ! philosophy ( hi/ory4 ,?is old man1 ) "o foot 9 ! grave1 ^: =ceful head /ill be>s1 l a ,c>yatid1 ! heavy burd5 ( empire1 embodies ! spl5d\r1 fame1 & might ( bygone days4 ,falt]+1 he /eps d[n f ! ?rone1 z ?\gh hesitat+ at ! la/ mom5t :e!r he %\ld appo9t z 8 successor ?is son :om he bo? loves & fe>s2 &1 lift+ to heav5 8 tir$1 sunk5 eyes1 he comm5ds unto ,god ! future ( ! realm4 ,philip1 ! only "o 9 ! assembly entirely clo!d 9 black1 :o receives ! gift ( dom9ion ) an icy coldness1 is trans=m$ by ! able exegesis ( ! critics into ! satanic demon conjur+ up ! p[]s ( hell4 ,! picture ev5 gives a glimpse into ! future4 ,= z he speaks ,*>les leans 8 left h& ^u ! %\ld] ( ano!r "y man1 ,william ( ,orange4 ,?is indicates t soon ! nation w wre/ _! indep5d5ce f ! d\ble-tongu$ ,jesuitical policy ( ,philip4 ,to ! left ( ?is c5tral gr\p1 rob$ 9 velvet & silk1 /& ! ladies ar\nd ,m>g>et1 ! si/] ( ! ,emp]or2 %e1 9 ! g>b ( a nun1 sits 9 h] *air z 9 a prie-dieu4 ,to ! "r1 ne> ! ?rone1 are pages & prie/s1 & amid/ !m ,egmont & ,horn1 /&+ alo( & sil5t1 look ^u ! sc5e4 ,! ,abdication _h a gr& success4 ,x confirm$ ! hopes :i* _h be5 set on ,gallait ev] s9ce ! completion ( 8 ,tasso1 & x 0 pr\dly rank$ among/ ^? works :i* did special hon\r to ! "y nation4 ,wapp]s saw himself eclips$1 & ,l\is ,gallait took ! lead4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wapp]s4 ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,columbus4 ,ed\>d de ,bifve's ,treaty ( ! ,nobles =m$ ! hi/orical supplem5t to ?is "w2 aft] ! triumph ( ! k+dom came ! triumph ( ! p4 ,! picture repres5ts ! sign+ ( ! def5sive league1 aga9/ ! ,inquisition & o!r brea*es ( privilege1 :i* ! nobility ( ! ,ne!rl&s ent]$ into 9 #aeff1 9 ! ,ca/le ( ,cuyl5burg1 ne> ,brussels2 x 0 hail$ by ! ,b]l9] ,/aatszeitung z a l&m>k 9 ! *ronicle ( hi/orical pa9t+4 ,?is h]oic era ( ,belgian pa9t+ 0 br\ght to a close 9 #ahdh by ,erne/ ,sl+5ey]1 :o1 z e>ly z #ahdb1 obta9$ a brilliant success ) 8 ,s9k+ ( ! ,fr5* ,battle%ip ,le ,v5geur4 ,8 ,battle ( ,lepanto 0 ! la/ great hi/orical picture1 & ! entire vocabul>y ( admiration kn[n to art criticism 0 %[]$ ^u x by ! ,brussels press4 ,ev5 a new p]iod ( religi\s pa9t+ seem$ ab\t to dawn4 ,g]man art1 up to t "t little reg>d$ 9 ,belgium1 _h s9ce ! fifties be5 discuss$ ) consid]able detail 9 ! j\rnals1 & su* names z ,ov]beck1 ,w4 ,s*ad[1 ,veit1 ,cornelius1 & ,kaulba* _h spe$ily acquir$ a fav\rable reputation4 ,an exhibition ( ,g]man c>toons in/itut$ 9 ,brussels 9 #ahfb s]v$--/rangely en\gh--to su/a9 ?is high appreciation4 ,! "y nation believ$ t x c\ld n af=d to lag beh9d ,france & ,g]many1 & commission$ two ,antw]p pa9t]s1 ,guff5s & ,sw]ts1 :o _h e>ly made !mselves famili> ) ! te*nique ( fresco1 to f\nd a ,belgian s*ool ( monum5tal pa9t+4 ,to ?is end !y ent]$ into a correspond5ce ) ! ,g]man arti/s1 &1 aft] long /udies 9 ,italy & ,g]many1 adorn$ ) frescoes ! ,*ur* ( ,notre ,dame 9 ,/4 ,nicolas 9 ,ea/ ,fl&]s1 ,/4 ,george's ,*ur* 9 ,antw]p1 ! t[n halls ( ,c\rtrai & ,ypres1 a few *ur*es 9 ,engl&1 & ! ,ca!dral ( ,prague2 & on ^! frescoes ,h]man ,riegel1 9 #ahhc1 publi%$ a book 9 two volumes4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,de ,,keyz]4 ,at ! pres5t day ?is religi\s fresco pa9t+1 :i* h&$ on ! doctr9e ( ! ,g]man ,naz>5es--! doctr9e t no?+ rema9$ to ! n9ete5?-c5tury arti/ except to imitate ! old ,italians z well z he c\ld--c no long] comm& su* exhau/ive disquisition4 ,& n x alone3 ! :ole ,belgian arti/ic revival ( #ahcj appe>s 9 a some:at dubi\s light4 ,aft] ! disconsolate wild]ness ( ,classicism ?is p]iod m>k$ an advance4 ,e ,salon br\ght "s new "n to light4 ,! ,/ate _h contribut$ a big budget = art1 & ext5d$ its protect+ h& ov] ! great pa9t+ :i* 0 ! glory ( ! "y nation4 ,:at c\ld n be got into ! ,muse ,mod]ne1 f\nd$ 9 #ahde1 0 divid$ among/ ! *ur*es & prov9cial museums4 ,! numb] ( pa9t]s & exhibitions increas$ v noticeably4 ,beside ! great tri5nial exhibitions 9 ,brussels1 ,antw]p1 & ,gh5t1 !re 7 o!rs 9 ! small] t[ns1 su* z ,mons & ,me*l94 ,! ,belgian pa9t]s ( #ahcj appe>1 no d\bt1 z great m51 :5 "o consid]s to :at a dep? art _h sunk be=e _! adv5t4 ,wapp]s especially wid5$ ! horizon1 by break+ ! =mula ( ,classicism & r5ew+ ! tradition ( ! brilliant col\ri/s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,de ,bifve1 ,de ,keyz]1 ,sl+5ey]1 sev]ally contribut$ to ! ,belgian ,r5aissance4 ,! old ,flemi% race knew itself once m 9 ?is fond que/ ( beautiful & radiant col\r+4 ,! hi/orical pa9t+ _h ev5 a c]ta9 actual int]e/4 ,/&+ s ne> to ! glori\s ,septemb] days :5 ! c\ntry won its indep5d5ce1 ! pa9t]s wi%$ to draw a p>allel betwe5 ! glori\s pres5t & ! great pa/1 & to wak5 patriotic memories by ! apo!osis ( popul> h]oes4 ,& yet ! ,muse ,mod]ne ( ,brussels is n "o ( ^? collections 9 :i* "o will+ly l+]s4 ,! works 9 ! old museum1 h>d by1 h rema9$ fre% & liv+ & 9 t\* ) u2 ^? 9 ! new gall]y seem to be divid$ f u by c5turies4 ,= ! mis*ief ) pictures :i* d n rema9 = ev] "y is precisely ?is--!y gr[ old s v soon4 ,po/]ity speaks ! language ( cold criticism2 & ^? p[]s mu/ be great :i* are ev5 fav\r$ ) a v]dict4 ,! luxuriant wrea?s ( laurel :i* fall ^u ! liv+ are no gu>antee ( endur+ fame1 :ile 9 ! cr[ns aw>d$ aft] dea? e leaf is numb]$4 ,9 h[ few ( ^! once laud$ works !re dwells ! p[] to speak 9 an intelligible language to a g5]ation :i* te/s !m1 n = _! patriotism1 b = _! intr9sic art4 ,! ,belgian s*ool ( #ahcj has left beh9d x ! trace ( respectable indu/ry1 b a supreme "w is :at x has n br\ght =?4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,de ,,keyz]4 ,,! ,,battle ,,( ,,wo]+54 ,h[ h>d x is to see any?+ epo*-mak+ 9 ,wapp]s' ,van d] ,w]ff4 ,h[ !atrically ! figures are po/ur+1 h[ improbable is ! composition1 & :at an un:olesome dose ( s5tim5tality is to be f\nd 9 t burgoma/]1 :o is (f]+ himself z a prey to ! multitude6 ,! heads are ^? ( tr\bad\rs4 ,& ^! j]k9s br\ght fre% out ( ! w>drobe1 ^! neatly iron$ :ite ruffles1 all ?is ri* velvet & glitt]+ pomp1 h[ little x resembles ! torn rags ( a half-/>v$ p aft] a n9e mon?s' siege6 ,8 revolution>y picture ( #ahcd is an un=tunate transposition into a s5tim5tal key ( ! ,fre$om on ! ,b>ricades by ,delacroix4 ,"h also are play-actors r ?an m5 & wom5 ( ! p4 ,?is old man :o is kiss+ ! bann]1 ! wife :o w9ds h] arms ab\t h] husb& z ,v5us does ab\t ,tannhus]1 ! pale girl :o has fall5 9 a fa9t1 ! w>rior :o1 ) 8 eyes turn$ up to ,heav51 is break+ 8 sword--^! are figures out ( a melodrama1 n revolution>ies /orm+ ! b>ricades1 nor fami%+ artisans fight+ = _! v exi/5ce4 ,& ! ?91 spick-&-span col\r+ is 9 j z /rik+ a contra/ ) ! =ceful action ( ! sc5e4 ,an idyll c\ld n be c>ri$ out ) m prett9ess ( mann] ?an is ?is picture :i* repres5ts ! ris+ ( a p4 ,! artisans are z :ite z alaba/]4 ,a light r\ge re/s ^u ! *eeks ( ! wom51 z :5 ,b\*] pa9ts ! falt]+ ( virtue4 ,& aft]w>ds ,wapp]s' c\rse w5t fur!r & fur!r d[n hill4 ,only 9 ^! two e>ly works1 9 :i* he respond$ to a political movem5t by an arti/ic endeav\r1 does he seem1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 individual & p[]ful4 ,all ! o!rs are /]eotyp$ productions :i*1 hav+ no?+ to d ) ! ,belgian national movem5t1 h all ! m to d ) ! ,p>isian cole du bon s5s4 ,ev5 8 ,*ri/ 9 ! ,grave1 pa9t$ 9 #ahcc1 & n[ 9 ,/4 ,mi*ael's ,*ur* at ,l\va91 ) its artificial grace & pieti/ical s5tim5tality1 might h be5 pa9t$ by ,ary ,s*eff]4 ,! pa!tic sc5es f ,engli% & ,fr5* hi/ory ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies :i* foll[$ ?is m]ely reflect t pa9t+ ( hi/orical anecdote :i* 0 inv5t$ by ,del>o*e4 ,agnes ,sorel & ,*>les ,,vii1 ,abel>d & ,eloise1 ,*>les ,i tak+ leave ( 8 *ildr51 ,anne ,bull5's p>t+ f ,elizabe?1 ,pet] ! ,great pres5t+ to 8 m9i/]s ! model ( a ,dut* %ip1 ,columbus 9 prison1 ,boccaccio read+ ! ,decam]on to ,joanna ( ,naples1 ! bro!rs ,de ,witt be=e _! execution1 ,&r ,*ni] 9 ! prison ( ,sa9t-,laz>e1 ,l\is ,,xvii at ,simon ! %oe-mak]'s1 ! poet ,camo5s z a begg>1 ,*>les ,i go+ to ! scaffold--all are subjects treat$ by o!rs be=e him 9 ,france1 & nei!r 9 _! conception nor _! te*nique h !y any?+ orig9al4 ,9 ! la/-m5tion$ picture1 exhibit$ 9 ,antw]p 9 #ahgj1 he atta9$ ! limit ( sug>y affectation3 a "y girl has sunk on h] knees1 &1 ) dreamily uplift$ eyes1 (f]s to ! ,/u>t ,k+ :o is go+ to 8 dea?--a rose6 ,wapp]s is m]ely a reflex ( ,fr5* ,romanticism1 al?\gh he _c be br\ght into direct comp>ison ) any ,p>isian ma/]4 ,! passion ( ,delacroix /irr$ him b little3 no?+ po9ts to a relation%ip betwe5 him & t great _s4 ,"o is r rem9d$ ( ,alfr$ ,johannot1 :om he resembles 9 8 entire gamut ( emotion z 9 8 treatm5t & selection ( subjects4 ,9 bo? may be f\nd elegance ( l9e1 ,byronic emphasis1 hi/rionic ge/ures1 & ! same /age prop]ties borr[$ f ! !atre2 nev] ! g5u9e movem5t ( feel+1 only empty & di/ort$ grimaces4 ,( ! o!rs :o appe>$ ) him ! same may be said4 ,all ,belgian matadors ( ! =ties & fifties came to grief1 & are int]e/+ 9 ! hi/ory ( art only z symptomatic ph5om5a1 z memb]s ( t s*ool ( ,del>o*e :i* encompass$ ! _w4 ,!y ab&on$ ! antique m>ble1 ! *lamys1 & ! lead5 =ms ( ! ,classici/s1 to set 9 _! place a motley picture ( ! ,middle ,ages1 made up ( cuirasses1 mail-%irts1 fle%+s1 & velvet & silk5 d\blets4 ,"o conv5tion foll[$ ! o!r1 & p$antic dryness 0 replac$ by melan*oly s5tim5talism4 ,z skill$ practition]s !y und]/ood ! sleights ( _! art1 b nev] rose to individual creation4 ,among/ _m pa9t]s !re 0 n a s+le arti/4 ,z reg>ds ,de ,keyz]1 x seems z if ?r\gh\t 8 :ole life he _h wi%$ to rema9 true to ! memory ( 8 b5efactress3 a simp]+ fem99e trait runs ) en]vat+ sweetness ?r\gh all 8 works1 ev5 ?r\gh t ,battle ( ! ,spurs :i* f\nd$ 8 reputation4 ,accord+ to old writ]s1 ! a?letic bodies ( ! ,flem+s 7 ! t]ror ( ! ,fr5* *ivalry at ,c\rtrai4 ,de ,keyz] has made ( !m m]e pla/] figures1 & ! pale1 meagre col\r+ is 9 keep+ ) ! languid conception4 ,9 ! battles ( ,wo]+51 ( ,s5ef1 & ,nieuwpoort1 :i* foll[$ on ?is picture1 & 7 execut$ = ! ,belgian & ,dut* ,gov]nm5t1 he succe$$ /ill less 9 ov]com+ 8 affectation2 & he fir/ f\nd ! fitt+ prov9ce = 8 mild & correct tal5t :5 9 lat] ye>s he began to r5d] little anecdotes ( ! ,emp]or ,maximilian or ,ju/us ,lipsius out ( ! /udio ( ,rub5s or ,meml9c4 ,= ^! !re 0 ne$ ( little b a c]ta9 sup]ficial play ( col\r & an elegant pa9t+ ( textures4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,sl+5ey]4 ,,! ,,av5g]4 ,erne/ ,sl+5ey] is /rong] & m mascul9e4 ,yet :at an unrefre%+ *aos ( blue1 r$1 saffron1 & citron-yell[ is t ,sea-fight at ,lepanto6 ,sl+5ey] felt t ! *i>oscuro ) :i* ,wapp]s saturat$ 8 ,episode 0 n 9 keep+ ) ?is action "u op5 sky4 ,b rightly z he felt ?is1 he _h n ! /r5g? to solve ! problem ( op5-air pa9t+4 ,:at a b>b>ic effect ^! r$1 br[n1 & yell[ bodies make 9 _! motley !atrical pomp6 ,h[ ! composition ( ! picture sav\rs ( apo!osis6 ,z = 8 lat] "w1 8 ?irte5 gigantic pictures1 gloires de la ,belgique1 9 ! great hall ( ! ,brussels ,academy1 l ,de ,keyz]'s mural pa9t+s above ! /aircase ( ! ,antw]p ,museum1 !y w\ld nev] h be5 pa9t$ _h !y n _h ,del>o*e's hemicycle z _! =]unn]4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,l\is ,,gallait4 ,& ,gallait's ,abdication ( ,*>les ,v--"o fails to und]/& h[ x 0 possible t s mu* able disquisition 0 sugge/$ by ?is picture4 ,h[ slight a smatt]+ ( ! erudition ( a /age manag] is necess>y = ! repres5tation ( su* a sc5e3 ! ?rone on "o side2 be=e x ! lords & g5tlem5 9 a semicircle1 to ! left front ! ladies to make a f9e effect = ! eye1 & 9 ! backgr\nd balconies ) curi\s spectators1 to wid5 out ! spectacle4 ,x is all pure !atre2 an icy c]emony ) prettily got up sup]num]>ies4 ,all ! heads h ! discr$itable appe>ance ( family portraits pa9t$ aft] dea?1 & !n wa%$ ov] ) a fa9t conv5tional t+e ( r$4 ,! :ole ?+ is l a huge piece ( /ill-life1 :i* an adroit pa9t] has put toge!r out ( a mixture ( heads1 gold1 jewels1 mantles1 & p]ukes4 ,del>o*e seems to h contribut$ ! composition1 ,devria ! sumptu\s co/um]y2 & z = ! col\r+1 ,isabey1 ) 8 sunbeams %imm]+ 9 gold & silv]1 may n improbably h _h some?+ to d ) t4 ,:at 0 spontane\s 9 ,wapp]s is replac$ 9 ,gallait by cold calculation4 ,once & once only did ?is correct & frigid pa9t] give evid5ce ( a c]ta9 dramatic ve92 x 0 :5 9 #ahea he pa9t$ ,! ,brussels ,guild ( ,m>ksm5 pay+ ! ,la/ ,hon\rs to ,egmont & ,horn4 ,) a brutal audacity ! decapitat$ heads are set to _! bodies4 ,bloodless & livid1 ) clott$ & tangl$ be>ds1 !y bo? really look z if !y _h be5 /udi$ direct f nature4 ,b ! re/ ( ! picture1 ! surr\nd+ ( !atrical attractions1 p>ade co/umes1 & false pa?os1 is all ! less 9 keep+ ) ?is /udy ( dea?4 ,h[ ,zurb>an or ,c>avaggio w\ld h treat$ ! !me6 ,!y w\ld h veil$ ! uness5tial figures 9 d>kness1 & irradiat$ ! heads only ) a tr5*ant light4 ,:at ,gallait has made ( x is ! f9al tableau ( an op]a ( co/ume4 ,! two s]geants ( ,alva :o are on gu>d1 & ! m5 :o are %[+ _! rev]5ce1 tread ! /age l bad actors1 scrupul\sly array$ & mak+ pa!tic ge/ures4 ,_! action has be5 /udi$ f draw+-s*ool copies2 no g5u9e cry ( passion ev] breaks ?r\gh4 ,heads1 h&s1 & outl9es h all a sickly idealism2 a /udi\s & s$ul\sly poli%$ mann] ( pa9t+ has ru9$ ! intr9sic _s ( ! "w z a :ole4 ,?ophile ,gauti] 0 "r :5 he wrote ( ,gallait3 ,t\t le tal5t qu'on peut acqurir avec du travail1 du gt1 du jugememt1 et de la volont1 ,m4 ,gallait le possde4 ,gallait's ,la/ ,obsequies1 hung 9 t same ,salon ( #ahej :i* conta9$ ,c\rbet's ,/one-break]s1 & ! words ( recognition accord$ to x1 7 ! la/ obsequies giv5 to ! p>t+ g5ius ( hi/orical pa9t+4 ,a few ye>s w5t by1 & ,gallait's fame di$ away4 ,aft] #ahea he pa9t$ f\rte5 o!r great hi/orical pictures 7,egmont's ,la/ ,mom5ts1 ,johanna ! ,mad by ! ,corpse ( h] ,husb&1 ,alva at ! ,w9d[ dur+ ! ,execution ( ! two ,c\nts1 etc471 &1 occasionally1 s5tim5tal g5re pictures1 su* z ,! ,oblivion ( ,sorr[ 9 ! ,b]l9 ,national ,gall]y2 9 ?is a small boy is play+ ! fiddle = ! consolation ( 8 si/]1 :o _h sunk ^u ! high-road exhau/$ by hung]4 ,he also pa9t$ _m portraits4 ,b no?+ gave him a ni*e 9 ! memory ( 8 contempor>ies4 ,! ,pe/ at ,t\rnai1 pa9t$ 9 #ahhb1 0 a "w extremely cr$itable to 8 old age2 x 0 nev]!less a picture :i* appe>$ to ano!r g5]ation m]ely z a phantom2 & :51 on #bj? ,novemb] #ahhg1 ! ann\ncem5t ( 8 dea? pass$ ?r\gh ! l&1 x came unexpect$ly1 l t ( a p]son already believ$ to h be5 long dead4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,gallait4 ,,egmont',s ,,la/ ,,mom5ts4 ,f9ally1 ,ed\>d de ,bifve1 :o 9 #ahdb %>$ ,gallait's triumph 9 ,g]many1 & 0 aft]w>ds nam$ 9 ! same brea? ) him1 is ! man :o m>ks ! complete corruption ( ?is t5d5cy4 ,if ! /urdy ,wapp]s1 ! emasculate ,de ,keyz]1 & ! eclectic ,gallait trick$ out _! pa!tic h]oes ) noble heads l t ( ! ,ant9\s1 & (f]$ _! contempor>ies an adroit !atrical art1 a p>ade1 & a holl[ pa?os1 ! incapable ,bifve nev] got beyond ! pa9t+ ( tableaux vivants labori\sly pres5t$4 ,t]rible & ( ,%akespe>ian impressiv5ess is ! sc5e 9 :i* ! half-fami%$ ,ugol9o hurls himself ^u 8 son 9 an appall+ ec/asy ( fr5zy1 a curse aga9/ ,god & man ^u 8 lips4 ,^u ! canvas1 six metres wide1 :i* ,bifve 9 #ahcf devot$ to ?is !me1 !re is repres5t$ an old g5tleman1 :o1 ?\gh c]ta9ly a little pale1 contrives to ma9ta9 9 p]fection ! punctili\s be>+ ( a cavali]1 & 9 ! mid/ ( 8 fa/+ cure has picturesquely drap$ r\nd 8 %\ld]s an erm9e mantle1 z if he _h be5 ask$ out to d9n]4 ,be=e him /&s a "y man1 possess+ t graceful outl9e belov$ ( ,paul ,del>o*e4 ,devria1 ,ary ,s*eff]1 & ,johannot 7 bett] pa9t]s ( su* monum5tal illu/rations ( ! classics4 ,z yet ! %iv]+ art ( ,belgium _h le>nt only to w>m itself at ! ,p>isian fireside4 ,ev5 ,bifve's ,league ( ! ,nobles ( ! ,ne!rl&s1 despite its national subject-matt]1 0 no m ?an a lucky hit1 :i* he ow$ to 8 long resid5ce 9 ,p>is4 ,& h[ tiresomely is ! sc5e play$ out6 ,"o w\ld wi% to cat* ! mutt]+s ( insurrection f ^! m5 :o p]sonify ! ,belgian p2 b ,bifve's picture is re/ful & dignifi$4 ,egmont & ,horn1 ! lions ( ! occasion1 are conduct+ !mselves l hone/ citiz5s :o are bor$ at a p>ty4 ,seat$ 9 8 *air1 ! h&some ,egmont ?9ks m]ely ( %[+ 8 f9e pr(ile to ! ladies 9 ! gall]y1 & ,horn1 :o /eps t[>ds ! table to make 8 signature1 does x ) ! elegance ( a lov] inscrib+ v]ses 9 a "y lady's album4 ,?ree bro!rs ) clasp$ h&s swe> ! well-kn[n oa? to die toge!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,ed\>d ,,bi,,fve4 ,x is a little irony 9 ! hi/ory ( art t 9 #ahdb ^! two same pictures set all ,g]many 9 tumult1 & div]t$ ! :ole /ream ( pa9t+ into a new c\rse4 ,b h[ 0 x possible t ! ,g]man pa9t]s /ood be=e !m z if /ruck by lightn+8 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t = a :ole g5]ation ,g]many _h se5 no?+ b col\r$ c>toons1 & t ! en?usiasm = ,franco-,belgian art _h be5 s prep>$ t ! lea/ t\* 0 en\gh to set x 9 flames4 ,illu/ration3 ,bruyllant1 ,brussels4 ,,bi,,fve4 ,,! ,,league ,,( ,,! ,,nobles ,,( ,,! ,,ne!rl&s4 ,s9ce ! w>s ( lib]ation ,g]many _h be5 v res]v$ 9 h] attitude t[>ds ! ,fr5*4 ,until ! ye> #ahdb orig9al works ( ! ,fr5* & ,belgian s*ool _h nev] be5 hung 9 any ,g]man exhibition4 ,b 9 spite ( ?is1 a high1 ev5 en?usia/ic1 appreciation ( ,fr5* & ,belgian pa9t+ 0 be+ spread1 especially among/ ! y\ng] g5]ation4 ,ev5 9 engrav+s & li?ographs aft] ,fr5* pictures x 0 believ$ t qualities ( col\r 7 discov]able :i* 7 want+ 9 ,g]man pa9t+4 ,he9e & o!r au?ors1 :o _h w&]$ to ,p>is1 ! l(ty t[] ( ,fre$om1 to escape f ! depress+ condition ( ,g]man affairs1 _h done :at 9 !m lay = ! dissem9ation ( ?is cult4 ,! ris+ g5]ation ( ! =ties _h be5 driv5 by ,he9e's notices ( ! ,salon into an almo/ ho/ile attitude t[>ds ! dom9ant art s*ools ( ,g]many1 ! s*ools ( ,dsseldorf & ,muni*4 ,! /yli/s on ! ,is> & ! s5tim5tal elegiac pa9t]s on ! ,rh9e met ) ! same antipa?y f ! y\ng] g5]ation4 ,! appe>ance ( ! two ,belgian hi/orical pictures1 :i* 7 really no?+ m ?an (f%oots ( ! great ,fr5* s*ool1 gave n\ri%m5t ( d\bl$ /r5g? to ?is t5d5cy to seek salvation 9 ,p>is4 ,! ,g]man pa9t]s 7 />tl$ out ( cont5tm5t ) _! belov$ c>toons1 & to _m a man x seem$ z if ! scales _h fall5 f 8 eyes4 ,!y p]ceiv$ :at an admirable ?+ x is t a pa9t] %\ld be able to pa9t4 ,:at !y c\ld h le>nt long be=e f any good old picture1 & 9 _! turbul5t en?usiasm = ideas _h n le>nt1 0 made sudd5ly cle> to !m by ^! new pa9t+s4 ,!y came to ! conclusion t x 0 impossible = ,god ,almighty to h p\r$ light & col\r ov] ! objective _w ) ! int5tion t pa9t]s %\ld trans=m x into a _w ( %ad[less cont\rs4 ,!y recognis$ t ! /yle ( c>toon "w _h l$ away f all pa9t+1 & t x 0 !re=e necess>y to d hon\r once m to ! despis$ h&iwork & te*nique ( art1 z ! fundam5tal condition ( its well-be+4 ,h[ev] mu* ! /hetic p>ty might w>n !m n to r5\nce ! ,re=mation ( pa9t+1 :i* _h be5 begun & p]fect$ =ty ye>s be=e1 & n ) mod]n te*nique to s9k back into ! pre-,cornelian1 ornam5tal model pa9t+1 ! dem& = col\r1 :i* _h be5 s long neglect$1 ass]t$ its rights m & m l\dly4 ,k+ ,ludwig's say+ 0 repeat$ z ?\gh x 7 a new revelation3 ,! pa9t] mu/ be able to pa9t4 ,col\r 0 ! battle-cry ( ! day1 ! battle-cry ( y\?1 to :om ! _w belongs4 ,9 place ( ! ideal ( cont\r came ! ideal ( hue & pigm5t4 ,c>toons1 9 ! s5se ( ! old c>toon s*ool1 no "o w\ld draw any long]4 ,to pa9t pictures1 f9i%$ pictures1 0 ! t5d5cy ( ! day4 ,& s9ce pa9t+ is to be le>nt f ! liv+ only1 & su* z c\ld pa9t liv$ 9 ,g]many no long]1 !y pack$ _! trunks1 & set out to le>n f ! g-ahead neighb\r4 ,z ,rome _h be5 hi!rto1 s 0 ,p>is n[1 ! high s*ool ( ,g]man art4 ,to ,p>is6 & ,pa9t+6 7 ! cries ?r\gh\t all ,g]many4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,! ,,revolution ,,( ,,! ,,g]man ,,col\ri/s ,f #ahdb dates ! pilgrimage ( ! ,g]man arti/s to ,p>is1 ,antw]p1 & ,brussels4 ,9 ,del>o*e1 ,cogniet1 & ,c\ture1 9 ,wapp]s & ,gallait1 !y believ$ !y c\ld discov] ! secrets ( art :i* 7 hidd5 f ,g]man tea*]s4 ,! hi/ory ( art c sc>cely (f] ano!r example ( su* a sudd5 ov]?r[ ( dogmas hi!rto dom9ant by dogmas directly oppos$ to !m4 ,dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! c5tury ! pa9t]s ( ,g]many 7 pi\s m51 humor\s1 witty1 & intellig5t m52 !y _h a %>ply cut pr(ile1 & s en*a9$ ! multitude by _! human qualities t nobody rem>k$ h[ little !y und]/ood ( _! craft1 or t !y 7 too sup]ior to le>n to draw correctly1 held col\r un*a/e1 & made virtues ( all _! fail+s4 ,! next g5]ation 0 condemn$ to le>n pa9t+ dur+ ! :ole ( its natural life4 ,! =m] 7 problematic natures3 be+s :o unit$ ) a ,titanic =ce ( w an actual a*ievem5t :i* is h>dly wor? m5tion+2 :o reg>d$ ! m]e h&icraft ( art z b5ea? _! dignity2 :o1 9 _! revelations to mank9d1 7 resolv$ to burd5 _! _s z little z possible ) any s5su\s expression ( _! g5ius1 &1 above all1 meant n to degrade !mselves by ! manual lab\r ( le>n+ to pa9t1 & !reby wa/+ _! valuable "t4 ,! latt] 7 n a%am$ ( pa9t+4 ,by devot+ !mselves ) vehem5ce to ! col\r+ & te*nique ( oil-pa9t+1 !y accompli%$ ! necess>y revolution aga9/ ! ab/ract idealism ( ! s*ool ( ,cornelius4 ,9 _! opul5ce ( ideas ! draughtsm5 ( c>toons _h made a not* 9 ! hi/ory ( art by ca/+ ! te*nical tradition ov]bo>d4 ,to h re9/at$ ?is z f> z !y c\ld1 ) ! aid ( ! ,fr5*1 is ! peculi> m]it ( ! g5]ation ( #ahej4 ,rgle gnrale3 si v\s r5contrez un bon pe9tre allemamd1 v\s p\vez le complim5t] en franais4 ,s runs ! motto--n complim5t>y to ,g]many1 b q unassailable--:i* ,edmond ,ab\t prefix$ to 8 notices on ! ,p>is ,univ]sal ,exhibition ( #ahee4 ,anselm ,feu]ba* 0 ! fir/ di/+ui%$ ,g]man arti/ :o made ! j\rney to ,p>is ) a prop] k ( ! necessity ( ?is /ep4 ,9 ,g]many he 0 ! greate/ repres5tative ( t ,classicism ( :i* ! pr9cipal ma/] 9 ,france 0 ,+res1 & ! cont9uator ,?omas ,c\ture4 ,& he succe$$ 9 accompli%+ t :i* ! ,g]man ,classici/s ( ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury /rove aft] 9 va94 ,:il/ !y cont5t$ !mselves ) sugge/ions & an indet]m9ate symbolisation ( poetical ideas aft] ! ,greek writ]s1 ,g]man ,classicism a*iev$ 9 ,feu]ba*'s ,symposium ( ,plato a great1 noble1 & faultless "w1 :i* w live4 ,he mov$ ^u classic gr\nd m naturally & freely & ) m ( ! ,hell5ic _s ?an ev5 ! ,fr5*4 ,= ! classic g5ius 0 begott5 9 him1 & n inoculat$ f )\t4 ,9 ! ,v]m*tniss ! son calls 8 fa!r's book ! prophetic seal ( 8 own orig9al be+4 ,he inh]it$ ! classic _s f ! en?usia/ic s*ol>1 ! subtile au?or ( ! ,vatican ,apollo1 to :om ! g5ius ( ,greece _h s fully & completely reveal$ itself4 ,illu/ration3 ,hanf/ngl4 ,,anselm ,,feu]ba*4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself4 ,a rem>kable nature3 philolog] & dream]1 ,g]man & ,greek1 "o :o rejoic$ 9 beauty & 9 ! life ( ! s5ses1 & ^: pr\d muse /ray$ ?r\gh life solit>y & ) lead5 weights ^u h] feet1--su* 0 ,anselm ,feu]ba*1 & by t division ( 8 be+ he 0 ru9$4 ,equipp$ ) a sup]ior education1 an appe>ance ( s+ul> nobility1 & ) pr\d family traditions1 he em]g$ l a %9+ meteor 9 ,dsseldorf1 :5 he began 8 c>e] at ! age ( sixte51 brilliant1 precoci\s1 & already a fav\rite among/ wom54 ,?is 0 9 #ahde4 ,he ran ?r\gh all ! s*ools 9 ,g]many1 ,belgium1 & ,france4 ,9 reg>d to ! liv+1 he believ$ himself to be indebt$ to ! ,fr5* alone1 & eag]ly claim$ ! m]it ( hav+ be5 ! fir/ to seek !m out4 ,b x 0 9 ,italy t he _h pass$ ?r\gh 8 novitiate z an arti/4 ,a glori\s h\r x mu/ h be5 :5 ,feu]ba*1 full-blood$ & d$icat$ to ! wor%ip ( beauty1 ent]$ ,v5ice 9 #ahee1 9 company ) t *e]ful & convivial poet ,victor ,s*effel4 ,9 ! t[n ( ! lagoons1 :i!r he _h come on a commission f ! ,c\rt ( ,k>lsruhe to copy ! ,assumption ( ,titian1 ,feu]ba* made ! second det]m9+ /ep ( 8 life4 ,! ?ird he made :5 8 /ip5dium 0 )drawn1 &1 full ( y\?ful confid5ce 9 8 luck & 8 good />1 he und]took 8 j\rney to ,rome4 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t1 ,muni*4 ,,feu]ba*4 ,,hafiz ,,at ,,! ,,well4 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t1 ,muni*4 ,,feu]ba*4 ,,pieta4 ,he 0 h&some1 small1 & ref9$1 & r pale & sp>e--( t delicacy :i* 9 highly br$ families is f\nd 9 ! la/ heirs ) :om ! race dies out--& he _h d>k locks :i* clu/]$ wildly r\nd 8 head4 ,! m\ld+ ( 8 features 0 fem99e1 & 8 complexion s\!rn2 8 eyes1 %ad[$ by long la%es1 7 br[n1 sometimes fi]y1 sometimes sad & e>ne/1 & 8 glance 0 swift4 ,he lov$ to s+ ,italian songs to ! guit> 9 8 f9e1 deep voice1 & ,boeckl9 & ,re9hold ,begas w\ld jo9 94 ,! impressions he receiv$ 9 ,italy 7 =mative ( 8 life4 ,= he le>nt to und]/& ! div9e simplicity & noble dignity ( antique art bett] ?an ,c\ture 0 capable ( und]/&+ !m2 & he a*iev$ a simple amplitude to :i* ! ,fr5* ,classicism _h nev] ris54 ,f 8 fir/ works1 to :i* ! ,dsseldorf egg-%ell is /ill /ick+1 d[n to ! ,symposium ( ,plato--:at a r\te x is1 & ?r\gh :at phases he passes4 ,hafiz at ! ,well1 surr\nd$ by voluptu\s1 half-nak$ girls1 pa9t$ at ,p>is 9 #aheb1 0 8 fir/ em95t a*ievem5t4 ,9 subject x is a late fruit f ,daum]'s /udy ( ,hafiz3 z a "w ( art x is "o ( ! mo/ g5u9e products ( ! s*ool ( ,c\ture4 ,no o!r ,g]man arti/ has surr5d]$ himself s entirely to ! ,fr5*4 ,) a l>ge bru%1 nev] los+ sight ( ! complete effect1 ,feu]ba* has pa9t$ 8 canvas1 almo/ = ! sake ( %[+ t he has assimilat$ ev]y?+ t 0 to be le>nt 9 ,p>is4 ,! same influ5ce prepond]ates 9 ! ,dea? ( ,pietro ,aret9o1 done 9 #ahed4 ,b1 side by side ) ! ,p>isian ma/]1 ! lat] ,v5etians h an unmi/akable %>e 9 ?is "w4 ,! capacity to grasp ?+s 9 a monum5tal l>g5ess is already ann\nc$4 ,evid5tly ,feu]ba* has /udi$ ,paul ,v]onese1 & realis$ h[ high he /&s above ! ,fr5* pa9t]s4 ,at ! same "t he has exam9$ ! o!r ,v5etians = _! te*nique1 & discov]$ some?+ :i* has appeal$ to him 9 ,bordone's col\r+4 ,b ,dante walk+ ) high-born ,ladies ( ,rav5na1 f9i%$ at ,rome 9 #aheg1 0 ! ripe/ fruit ( 8 ,v5etian impressions4 ,9 sunny w>m? ( col\r1 f9e gold5 tone1 & quiet simplicity ( pictorial treatm5t1 no mod]n has come s ne> to ,palma & ,bordone4 ,& 9 ,dante's ,dea?1 ( #aheh1 !re pr$om9ates a /ill great] dep? & gold5 gl[1 a grave & dev\t beauty4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,feu]ba*4 ,,iphig5ia4 ,9 ! foll[+ works1 h[ev]1 ,feu]ba*1 ) a consci\s purpose1 d5ies himself ! quality to :i* ! ,dante pictures owe a pr9cipal "p ( _! p[]ful effect3 ! mild gl[1 ! sunny beam+ ( col\r4 ,he conf9es himself to a cool s*eme ( tone1 r$uc$ to grey1 almo/ to ! po9t ( col\rlessness2 to a glimm] ( lead5 blue1 a moonlight pallor4 ,at ! same "t he has conc5trat$ ! :ole life ( 8 figures 9 _! inw>d be+1 :il/ e movem5t has be5 tak5 f _! limbs4 ,ev5 ! expression ( spiritual emotion 9 ! eyes & features has be5 subdu$ 9 ! extreme4 ,! ,piet1 bo? ! ,iphig5ias1 & ! ,symposium ( ,plato are ! _w-r5[n$ pro(s ( ! height ( classic inspiration :i* he t\*$ 9 ,italy4 ,measure1 nobility1 uns\ght & p]fect$ l(t9ess *>act]ise ! ,piet1 t "m ( ! ,savi\r :o b[s h]self 9 sil5t agony ov] ! body ( h] ,div9e ,son1 & ^? ?ree kneel+ wom51 ^: sil5t grief is ( su* ?rill+ p[]1 precisely because ( its emotionlessness4 ,= ,iphig5ia ,feu]ba* has giv5 ( 8 be/4 ,%e is 9 bo? examples--! fir/ ( #ahfb1 ! second ( #ahga--;a figure sublime beyond human measure1 gr& l ! figure ( ! ,greek trag$y4 ,b ! ,symposium ( ,plato w always ass]t its high value z "o ( ! f9e/ pictorial creations ( an imag9ation n\ri%$ on ! great art ( ! anci5ts1 & fill$ brimful ) ! spl5d\r ( ! antique _w4 ,!re is no?+ 9 x sup]flu\s1 no?+ accid5tal4 ,! noble/ simplicity ( spee*1 a ,greek rhy?m 9 all gradations1 ! beautiful l9es ( bas-relief1 decisive col\r & /r+5t =m--t is ! gr\ndwork ( ,feu]ba*'s art4 ,& ?r\gh x !re speaks a _s preoccupi$ ) greatness & h]oism4 ,?us he creat$ 8 ,m$ea 9 ! ,muni* ,p9ako!k1 t picture ( magnific5t1 sombre melan*oly t affects "o l a monologue f a ,sophoclean trag$y4 ,?us he pa9t$ 8 ,battle ( ! ,amazons1 "o ( ! few nude pictures ( ! c5tury :i* possesses ! p]fectly unconc]n$ & unsexual nudity ( ! antique4 ,italy _h set him free f all ! ins9c]e & calculat$ me?ods :i* _h de=m$ ,fr5* art s9ce ,del>o*e2 x _h set him free f all !atrical s5tim5t1 by :i* he _h accu/om$ himself to und]/& ev]y?+ t 0 =c$ 9 co/ume1 pigm5t1 pose & movem5t1 light & sc5]y4 ,9 ! place ( ! ord9>y treatm5t f ! model1 ) its set ge/ures & grimaces1 he gave an expression ( =m :i* 0 great1 simple1 & pla/ic4 ,8 /udy seems to h be5 an incessant ex]cise ( ! eye1 to see & to hold fa/ to ! ess5tial1 to ! great l9es ( nature z ( ! human body4 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t1 ,muni*4 ,,feu]ba*4 ,,portrait ,,( ,a ,,roman ,,lady4 ,9 ! full possession ( ^! p[]s1 :i* he acquir$ amid ! elem5t>y simplicity & h]oic maje/y ( ,roman l&scape by con/ant int]c\rse ) ! great pa9t]s ( ! pa/1 he det]m9$ 9 ! summ] ( #ahgc to accept an invitation f ! ,vi5na ,academy4 ,8 fri5ds rejoic$4 ,at la/ ?is work]1 :o _h be5 ab&on$ 9 a =eign l&1 seem$ to h f\nd 9 8 native c\ntry a place :i* (f]$ him a new life4 ,he 0 b little m ?an =ty3 yet all 0 s soon to be ov]4 ,f ,rome he came to ! re/less capital :i* _h j liv$ ?r\gh ! bir??roes ( a new epo*2 f ! side ( ,mi*ael ,angelo to ! side ( ,mak>t6 ,! sket*es = a s]ies on ! w>s ( ! ,titans1 :i* he began aft] 8 arrival1 promis$ ! greate/ ?+s4 ,!y display a sur5ess & maje/y :i* f9d no p>allel 9 ! ,g]man art ( ^? ye>s4 ,b !y 7 de/9$ nev] to be complet$4 ,feel+ himself1 l ,antu1 /rong only on ,roman soil1 he lo/ 8 p[] 9 ,vi5na4 ,res]v$1 innately delicate1 a my/ical1 ideal nature l t ( ,fau/1 & "o :i* only ) reluctance p]mitt$ to a /rang] a glimpse ( its inn] be+2 9 8 life1 z 9 8 art1 high-br$ & simple1 hat+ bo? z pa9t] & z man ev]y?+ ov]/ra9$ or s5tim5tal2 9 8 judgm5t h>%1 sev]e1 & uncompromis+1 lonely & pr\d1 he 0 b little adapt$ to make fri5ds = himself4 ,! indiff]5ce ) :i* 8 /udy = ! ,fall ( ! ,titans 0 receiv$ 9 ! ,vi5na ,exhibition w\nd$ him mortally4 ,vi5na1 :i* is s mu* dispos$ to laught]1 laugh$4 ,criticism 0 r\gh & unfav\rable4 ,he left ,vi5na & w5t to ,v5ice4 ,! tragical fate ( a p>ty ( voyag]s1 dr[n$ z !y 7 play+ & s++ toge!r on a night j\rney to ! ,lido1 gave him ! motive = 8 la/ picture1 ,! ,conc]t1 :i* 0 f\nd unf9i%$ aft] 8 dea?1 & came into ! possession ( ! ,b]l9 ,national ,gall]y4 ,on #d? ,janu>y #ahhb he di$1 alone 9 a ,v5etian hotel4 ,hi] ruht ,anselm ,feu]ba*1 ,d] im ,leb5 man*es malte1 ,f]n vom ,vat]l&e1 a*1 ,das ihn imm] s*le*t bezahlte4 ,s runs ! epitaph :i* he made = himself4 ,& po/]ity might alt] x into-- ,hi] ruht e9 deuts*] ,mal]1 ,bekannt im deuts*5 ,l&2 ,n5nt man die be/5 ,nam51 ,wird au* d] se9e g5annt4 ,h[ev]1 "o mu/ n g too f>4 ,9 famili> conv]sation ,feu]ba* once said ( himself t :5 ! hi/ory ( art 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury came to be writt51 m5tion w\ld be made ( him z ( a meteor4 ,s isolat$1 & s mu* out ( connection ) ! arti/ic /riv+ ( 8 contempor>ies1 did he believe himself to be1 t he held himself ju/ifi$ 9 say+3 ,believe me1 aft] fifty ye>s my pictures w possess tongues1 & tell ! _w :at ,i 0 & :at ,i meant4 ,9 tru?1 he owes 8 resurrection less to 8 pictures ?an to ! ,v]m*tniss4 ,a book has op5$ ! eyes ( ,g]many to ,feu]ba*'s greatness1 & s9ce t "t ! wor%ip ( ,feu]ba* has gone almo/ into extremes4 ,?r\gh\t 8 lifetime--l almo/ e great arti/ :o has di$ be=e old age--he 0 h&l$ by ! ,press )\t mu* compreh5sion4 ,! critics blam$ 8 grey tones1 ! connoisseurs compla9$ ( 8 unpatriotic subjects or miss$ ! pres5ce ( anecdote4 ,8 admir]s 7 ! ref9$1 quiet p :o d n praise at ! top ( _! voices4 ,he nev] met ) recognition1 & t poison$ 8 life4 ,x is g5]\s ( po/]ity to make up = ! want ( contempor>y appreciation4 ,b :5 he is set up z a pione]1 ^: "w po9t$ out ! art ( ! future1 ! judgm5t becomes "o :i* a lat] po/]ity w subscribe to only ) hesitation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,feu]ba*4 ,,"m',s ,,joy4 ,feu]ba* pres5ts a problem = psy*ological r ?an arti/ic analysis4 ,:oev] has read ! ,v]m*tniss feels ! p]sonal elem5t 9 ^! works1 sees 9 !m ! confessions ( a pr\d1 unsatisfi$1 & suff]+ s\l1 & 9 _! au?or no son ( ! ,r5aissance born out ( due season1 b a mod]n :o has be5 agitat$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh by ! dcad5t fev]4 ,9 8 book ,feu]ba* appe>s z "o ( ! fir/ :o felt to 8 inmo/ fibre all ! intellectual & spiritual contradictions :i* are br$ by ! n9ete5? c5tury1 & :o *]i%$ !m ev5 ) a sort ( t5d]ness1 z contribut+ to a high & m subtilis$ condition ( s\l4 ,he 0 "o ( ! fir/ :o1 9 ! same way z ,b\rget & ,v]la9e1 /udi$ moral pa?ology "u ! microscope1 & :o1 ) a tir$ s\l & worn-out feel+s1 s\ght = ! la/ ref9em5t ( simplicity4 ,& ?is we>y resignations seems also to speak f 8 pictures4 ,n "o ( ! old pa9t]s has ?is mod]n melan*oly1 ?is air ( dejection :i* hov]s ov] 8 works4 ,ev5 ! ladies r\nd ,dante are fill$ ) t sadness :i* comes ov] y\? on ! ev5+s ( sultry summ] days1 :5 x is /ruck by a pres5tim5t ( ! transitor9ess ( e>?ly ?+s4 ,x is z if ^! figures w\ld all "s day or o!r vani% into ! cloi/]1 or1 l ,iphig5ia1 sit lonely ^u ! %ore ( a sea1 :i!r no %ip %\ld ev] come to release !m4 ,& x is c]ta9ly n by *ance t ,iphig5ia _h su* a hold ^u ! arti/2 he repeat$ly set himself to r5d] h] figure afre%1 &1 lat]1 ,m$ea /eps beside h] z ! imp]sonation ( ! /ill m int5se s5se ( des]tion :i* fill$ ! arti/'s _s4 ,! woman ( ,col*is1 :o sits %iv]+ on ! %ore ( ! sea1 *ill$ ?r\gh & ?r\gh by ! consci\sness ( h] ab&onm5t2 ! daught] ( ,agamemnon1 :o 9 _s is seek+ ! l& ( ! ,greeks1 ) ! b\ndless sea spread+ wide & grey be=e h]1 l h] own ye>n+1--bo? are images ( ! lonely ,feu]ba*1 :o1 l ,hld]l91 ! ,w]!r ( ,greece1 flies to a dreamy ,hellas z to a happy %ore1 to f9d peace = 8 sick _s4 ,8 ,symposium ( ,plato has n t exub]ant s5su\sness1 t mixture ( esprit & voluptu\sness1 ( temp]ance & intemp]ance1 :i* m>ks ! ,a!nian life "u ,p]icles2 nor has x ! ,olympian bli!ness ) :i* ,raphael w\ld h execut$ ! subject4 ,a brea? ( monki% asceticism is ov] e joy1 subdu+ x4 ,^! ,greeks h ta/$ ( ! pa9s :i* ,*ri/ianity br\ght into ! _w4 ,or take 8 ,judgm5t ( ,p>is 9 ,hamburg4 ,nude wom5 life-size1 ,loves1 s\!rn l&scape1 gay raim5t1 gold5 vessels1 brilliant ornam5t1 beauty--^? are ! elem5ts ( ! picture2 & h[ little h su* words ! p[] to r5d] ! impression6 ,b ,feu]ba*'s ?ree goddesses h an uneas9ess1 z if ea* "o ( !m knew be=eh& t %e w\ld n receive ! apple2 ,p>is is sitt+ j z *e]lessly !re4 ,& by borr[+ 8 loves f ,b\*]1 ,feu]ba* has %[n ! m %>ply ! opposition betwe5 ! ,hell5ic leg5d :i* he int]prets & ! fun]eal mi5 ) :i* he does x4 ,! bli!ness ( ! antique _s is temp]$ by ! sadness ( ! mod]n m9d4 ,he tells ^! old my?s z nev] a ,greek & nev] a ma/] ( ! ,r5aissance w\ld h told !m4 ,olympus is fill$ ) mi/1 ) ! col\r+ ( ! ,nor?1 ) ! melan*oly ( a lat] & m neurotic age1 ! moods ( :i* are = t v reason m ri* 9 nuances--an age :i* is at once grav] & m di/urb$ by problems ?an 0 ! old ,hellas4 ,feu]ba*'s pictures are octaves 9 ! language ( ,tasso1 b ( a rep9+ lyrical mood :i* ,tasso w\ld n h giv5 !m4 ,! brighte/ sun%9e laugh$ ov] ! ,greece ( ! ,r5aissance2 ov] t ( ,feu]ba* !re re/s a ra9y1 ov]ca/ ,novemb] mood4 ,ev5 works ( 8 l ! ,*ildr5 on ! ,sea-%ore & ! ,idyll reveal a pa9$ & suff]+ conception ( nature1 t t5d] & subdu$ _s t ,burne-,jones has2 x is z if ^! blossoms ( humanity 7 !re to wa/e away 9 buds t nev] come to fruition1 z if x 7 no long] possible to brea! into creation ! true joy\sness ( y\?4 ,ev5 ! five girls1 mak+ music out ( doors1 9 ! picture ,9 ,spr+1 look l "y wid[s1 putt+ ! :ole t5d]ness ( _! s\ls into elegiac compla9ts = _! lo/ husb&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,hanf/ngl4 ,,feu]ba*4 ,,m$ea4 ,to ?is resign$ & m\rnful expression mu/ be add$ ! uncom=table motionlessness ( 8 figures4 ,!y d n speak1 & d n laugh1 & d n cry2 !y "k no passions & sorr[s :i* express !mselves by ! /ra9+ ( ! limbs4 ,ev]y?+ be>s ! impress ( sublime peace1 ( t same peace by :i* ! works ( ,gu/ave ,moreau1 ,puvis de ,*avannes1 & ,burne-,jones are to be di/+ui%$ f ! ec/atic & s5tim5tal tirades ( ! ,romantici/s4 ,9 ,feu]ba*'s works ?is is ! /amp ( 8 own nature4 ,! antique beauty becomes %r\d$ 9 a my/]i\s veil2 & life is illum9at$ z by a m\rnful light1 :i* re/s ov] bygone worlds4 ,:at he>t-r5d+ ke5ness is (t5 9 ! effect ( ! melan*oly t+e ( ^! subdu$ blui% tones6 ,t col\r is ! g5u9e expression ( ! temp]am5t reveals itself cle>ly en\gh 9 ,feu]ba*4 ,:5 he began 8 c>e]1 8 head full ( ideals & 8 he>t full ( hopes1 8 pictures exult$ 9 a ,v5etian spl5d\r1 9 full & luxuriant gold5 h>monies2 z joy aft] joy 0 %ipwreck$ 9 ! /ream ( "t !y became lead51 sull51 & corpse-l4 ,z ,frans ,hals 9 8 la/ days1 :5 8 fell[-creatures all[$ him only ! b>e necessities ( life1 accord$ to ! figures 9 8 pictures only s mu* col\r z w\ld give !m ! appe>ance ( liv+ human be+s2 z ,rembr&t's magical gold5 tone *ang$ 9 ! sad days ( 8 bankruptcy into a sull51 monoton\s br[n1 s a deep sadness broods ov] ! pictures ( ,feu]ba*1--some?+ t sav\rs ( memory & remorse1 ! m\rnful atmosph]e & d>k mood ( ev5+ :i* ! bat loves4 ,ev5 z a col\ri/ he has ! melan*oly lassitude ( ! end ( ! c5tury4 ,t is :at di/+ui%es him f 8 contempor>ies4 ,! o!r ideali/s ( ^? ye>s pa9t$ _! pictures )\t hesitation & ) ! facility ( a pr(essor ( calligraphy2 !y rememb]$1 arrang$ _! rem9isc5ces1 & rubb$ _! h&s ) self-complac5cy :5 !y came ne> _! model4 ,!y did n yet feel ! ?rob ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 & imp]sonality 0 _! note4 ,feu]ba*1 ! neurotic brood]1 0 a p]sonality4 ,aft] a long mortification1 ! human _s1 ! liv+1 suff]+1 human _s1 celebrat$ its r5aissance 9 8 works4 ,"u its influ5ce ! jejune pa9t+ ( prett9ess practis$ by o!rs 0 *ang$ to mod]n pessimism & sorr[ful resignation4 ,! m he gave way to ^! moods ! m mod]n he became1 ! m he 0 ,feu]ba* & ! fur!r he dep>t$ f ! works ( art :i* 7 reg>d$ by 8 contempor>ies & himself z et]nal exempl>s4 ,he has be5 reproa*$ ) oddities & /range ecc5tricities4 ,! critics rem9d$ him h[ f> he dep>t$ f ! l9es ( 8 models2 indignantly !y ask$ him :y he1 ! pale1 delicate1 sick1 neurotic1 & ov]/ra9$ man1 ! unc]ta91 falt]+1 & tortur$ _s1 did n pa9t l ! bli!1 improvis+ ,raphael1 l ! jubilant & convivial ,v]onese1 l ! s5su\s1 exub]ant ,rub5s4 ,& ,feu]ba* himself becomes p]plex$4 ,l ,gros 9 ,france1 he is consci\s bo? ( 8 /r5g? & 8 weakness4 ,he does n /& sov]eign above ! old pa9t]s1 l ,boeckl9 & ^? o!r ideali/s ( ! pres5t4 ,he runs ?r\gh life 9 ev] fre% a/oni%m5t at ! novelty :i* is reveal$ to him 9 ! works ( e>li] c5turies4 ,! n]ves ( ?is latt] day vibrate1 ! blood ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ?robs 9 him--yet he has ! wi% to imitate4 ,! hi/ory ( e "o ( 8 works is a fight1 a desp]ate /ruggle1 betwe5 ! individuality ( ! arti/1 8 own inw>d feel+1 & ! absolute ,beauty :i* hov]$ beyond him cold & unpliable4 ,9 8 fir/ draw+s he beg9s boldly2 "o kn[s 8 h& & says3 ,only ,feu]ba* c h done t4 ,& !n "o is able to trace1 /ep by /ep1 & f sket* to sket*1 :at pa9s he takes t ! f9i%$ picture may be z little ( a ,feu]ba* z possible4 ,! p]sonal & individual elem5t 9 ! draw+s is lo/1 :at is ,feu]ba*ian 9 ! composition1 ! p]sonal contribution ( ! arti/1 is effac$1 & f9ally !re is produc$ 9 ! picture ! m>vell\s look ( hav+ be5 pa9t$ by a g5u9e old ,v5etian z a gho/4 ,& ,feu]ba* felt ! dissonance4 ,he feels t he fully expresses himself no m1 & also t he does n rea* ! level ( ! old ma/]s4 ,he adds borr[$1 conv5tional figure1 l ! ,b\*] ,cupids 9 ! ,judgm5t ( ,p>is--figures aga9/ :i* e fibre ( 8 be+ revolts--j to arrive at an outw>d resemblance to ! old pictures1 an impression ( exultation & joy\sness & ! _s ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,& :5 he /&s opposite 8 "w he seems to himself l a grav$igg] 9 a h>lequ9's jacket4 ,he scrut9ises himself 9 despair1 & "o day comes to feel t 8 p[] ( production is exhau/$4 ,spl5did & unapproa*able1 f ! walls ( ! gall]ies1 ! art ( ! classic ma/]s />es him 9 ! face2 & he ent]s into a dramatic life-&-dea? /ruggle ) x4 ,he w n be ,feu]ba*1 & _c become a ,classic4 ,! curta9 falls & ! trag$y is ov]4 ,su* de/9ies h be5 be=e 9 ! _w1 no d\bt2 b 9 our "t !y h multipli$1 & seem s mu* ! sadd] because !y nev] come to ! av]age man1 b only to great & peculi>ly gift$ natures4 ,illu/ration3 ,alb]t1 ,muni*4 ,,feu]ba*4 ,,dante ,,walk+ ,,) ,,high-,,born ,,ladies ,,( ,,rav5na4 ,^! matt]s--a sil5t hi/orical s]mon--"o reads1 ) ! help ( ! ,v]m*tniss1 out ( ,feu]ba*'s works4 ,!re 8 pictures possess tongues2 !re comes out ( !m a s\nd l ! cry ( a human he>t2 ! :ole trag$y ( 8 c>e] becomes pres5t--:at he succe$$ 9 do+ & :at rema9$ unapproa*able4 ,yet lat] g5]ations1 :i* w judge him no long] psy*ologically1 b only z an arti/1 g5]ations ) :i* he no long] /&s 9 t\* ?r\gh 8 e?ical greatness1 w !y also feel ?is 9 ! pres5ce ( 8 f9i%$ pictures8 ,to !m w he be pione] or imitator1 =]unn] or cont9uator8 ,w he take 8 place by ,boeckl9 & ,watts1 or by ,c\ture & ,+res8 ,x is p]haps a happy *ance t 9 ! hi/ory ( art "o sometimes /umbles ^u p]sonalities t mock at all *emical analysis4 ,feu]ba*1 at any rate1 is a great figure 9 ! ,g]man art ( ^! ye>s4 ,8 is a high-br$1 ari/ocratic art1 free f any illu/rative und]tone1 & f l\d & motley col\r4 ,x is true t 8 figures also pose1 b nev] clumsily or )\t expression1 nev] !atrically4 ,at a "t :5 declamation 0 univ]sal he did n declaim1 at lea/ he nev] did s ) a =c$ pa?os2 & x is pr9cipally ?is :i* gives him a v high & special place among/ ! ,g]man pa9t]s ( ! transitional p]iod4 ,he is always simple1 grave1 maje/ic4 ,ev]y?+ t he does has /yle1 & t makes him s peculi> 9 an art :i* is s (t5 petty4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h5neb]g4 ,,! ,,race ,,= ,,=tune4 7,by p]mission ( ! ,b]l9 ,photographic ,co41 ! own]s ( ! copyright47 ,b a diff]5t judgm5t is =m$ :5 "o comp>es him ) ! ,fr5* & ! old ma/]s4 ,a meteor ,feu]ba* 0 n2 = he /ood on ! gr\nd ( ! ,c\ture s*ool1 & rais$ himself lat] to yet great] simplicity1 go+ back to pur] s\rces1 to ! ,v5etians & ! ,romans4 ,he is m au/]e & manly ?an ,c\ture1 b he is1 z he /&s 9 8 f9i%$ pictures1 a ,roman ( ! ,c9quec5to1 :o has be5 9 ,v5ice2 n an orig9al g5ius ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 l ,boeckl94 ,boeckl9 pa9ts ! antique figures 9 _! et]nal fulness & y\?2 b he is q mod]n 9 s5tim5t & 9 8 highly develop$ te*nique4 ,feu]ba* 9 reg>d to te*nique /&s n[ on ,fr5* soil1 n[ on ,v5etian or ,roman2 & 9 8 s5tim5t he is an imitator ( ! ,c9quec5ti/s1 or1 if y w1 a ph5om5on ( atavism4 ,8 writ+s & draw+s %[ him conc]n$ ) ! pres5t1 8 pa9t+s ) ! pa/4 ,! mod]n temp]am5t1 arti/ically re/ra9$1 breaks out no m1 ! n]ves h no rle1 no human s\nd is =c$ f 8 figures4 ,he le>nt ?r\gh ! spectacles ( ! great old ma/]s to look away f ev]y?+ petty 9 life1 b he nev] laid ^? spectacles d[n4 ,?is mod]n man1 :o 0 s neurotic z a writ]1 s\ght z a pa9t]1 = ! sake ( ! ideal1 to h no n]ves at all4 ,be=e _m ( 8 pictures "o wi%es = a fire2 !y make an effect s cold t "o %iv]s4 ,! quality 9 !m :i* calls = b\ndless admiration is 8 spl5did arti/ic e>ne/ness4 ,!re speaks out ( !m a sacr$ peace4 ,yet1 :5 he is set up z a pione]1 x mu/ nev] be =gott5 t he is n self-suffici5t z1 %all we say1 ,millet1 b has atta9$ 8 maje/y ( conception only 9 ! lead+-/r+s ( ma/]pieces ( a great p]iod1 & precisely 9 ! lead+-/r+s ( ^? ma/]pieces f ! numb+ influ5ce ( :i* mod]n art 0 =c$ to set itself free1 be=e x c\ld come to ! consci\sness ( itself4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gu/av ,,ri*t]4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,himself4 ,toge!r ) ,feu]ba*--& hav+1 l him1 previ\sly receiv$ enlight5m5t z to col\r+ at ! ,antw]p ,academy--,victor ,mll]1 ( ,frank=t1 _h gone to ,c\ture 9 #ahdi4 ,he resid$ until #aheh on ! banks ( ! ,se9e1 & 0 especially influ5c$ by ,delacroix1 & p]haps also a little affect$ by ,c\rbet4 ,at lea/ 8 ,wood ,nymph--a voluptu\s woman ly+ 9 a wood--:i* fir/ made him kn[n 9 ,g]many 9 #ahfc1 seems b little remov$ f ! heal?y realism & exub]ant vig\r ( ! ma/] ( ,ornans4 ,o!rwise1 l ,delacroix1 he has occupi$ himself almo/ exclusively ) ,%akespe>e4 ,hamlet at ! ,grave ( ,yorick1 ,ophelia1 ,romeo & ,juliet1 ,h]o & ,le&]1 7 pictures ( a deep1 sonor\s gl[ ( col\r2 ! *>act]s 9 !m 7 seiz$ ) great intellectual conc5tration1 & ! surr\nd+ l&scape fill$ ) t sombre poetry ( nature :i* 9 ! h&s ( ,delacroix s my/ically height5s ! impression ( human trag$ies4 ,victor ,mll] 0 ( a bold1 uncompromis+ tal5t1 full ( s\!rn gl[ & wild ,romanticism2 a p[]ful1 =cible reali/1 :o nev] s\ght ! empty1 s5tim5tal1 ideal beauty kn[n to 8 age4 ,9 a p]iod dom9at$ almo/ f end to end by a jejune & r\nd$ beauty1 he gives pleasure by a heal?y1 refre%+ ugl9ess4 ,all ! heads 9 8 pictures 7 pa9t$ aft] nature ) a religi\s dev\tness2 pa9t$ by a man :o op5ly lov$ ! y\?ful works ( ,rib]as & ,c>avaggio4 ,& j z surpris+ is ! p[] ( expression1 ! deep & e>ne/ s5tim5t1 :i* he atta9$ 9 ge/ures & physiognomy4 ,:ile ,mak>t1 9 8 balcony sc5e f ,romeo & ,juliet1 nev] got away f a holl[1 !atrical affectation1 ,mll]'s picture gl[s ?r\gh\t ) a s5su\s passion t saps ! blood4 ,a new ,delacroix seem$ to h be5 born2 an extraord9>y tal5t seem$ to be ris+ above ! horizon ( our art1 b ,g]many _h to foll[ to ! grave h] greate/ (f%oot ( ,romanticism be=e he _h spok5 a decisive ^w1 j z %e lo/ ,re!l1 ! greate/ son ( ! c>toon era1 9 ! fl[] ( 8 age4 ,( ! o!rs :o made ! pilgrimage to ,p>is ) ,feu]ba* & ,mll]1 n "o has a simil> importance z an arti/4 ,_! m]it 0 t !y made !mselves comp>atively able ma/]s ( te*nique1 & taught ! new gospel :5 !y return$ to ,g]many4 ,to _! sup]iority 9 te*nique & col\r1 giv5 !m by a s\nd ,fr5* s*ool+1 !y ow$ _! brilliant success 9 ! fifties4 ,!y 71 at ! "t1 ! be/ ,g]man pa9t]s1 & great at a "t :5 ability 0 novel & infrequ5t4 ,z soon z x became cu/om>y & commonplace1 !re rema9$ little to raise !m above ! av]age4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ri*t]4 ,a ,,gipsy4 ,t is true ( ! entire ,b]l9 s*ool ( ! fifties & sixties4 ,! mo/ indep5d5t ( ! _m arti/s :o j\rney$ f ! ,spree to ! ,se9e is1 probably1 ,rudolf ,h5neb]g1 :o di$ "y4 ,8 te*nique he ow$ to ,c\ture1 9 ^: /udio he work$ f #ahea1 & 8 subject-matt] to ! ,g]man classical au?ors4 ,born a ,brunswick]1 he felt himself specially attract$ by 8 c\ntryman ,brg]1 & became a ,nor!rn ballad pa9t] ) ,fr5* te*nique4 ,movem5t1 animation1 wildness1 & a c]ta9 romantic e]9ess1 prop] to ! ,nor!rn ballad--^! are ,h5neb]g's prom95t features1 z !y are ,brg]'s4 ,8 pictures h a bold caprice & a peculi>ly p[]ful & sombre poetry4 ,! hunt+ p>ty /orm pa/ irresi/ibly1 l a :irlw9d1 9 8 ,wild ,hunt1 ! illu/ration to ,brg]'s ballad1 :i* 9 #ahef won him ! gold m$al 9 ,p>is4 ,und h9t]h] bei ,knall & ,klang ,d] ,tross mit ,hund und ,ross und ,mann4 ,a ,dsseldorfian ,romanticism1 f ! ,wolf's ,gl51 is unit$ to ,c\ture's nobl5ess ( col\r+ 9 8 ,crim9al f ,lo/ ,hon\r1 ( #ahfj4 ,& a "p--ev5 if only a small "o--( ! _s :i* creat$ ,dr]'s ,! ,knight1 ,dea?1 & ! ,devil lives 9 8 ma/]piece ,! ,race = ,=tune1 a picture brea!d on by ! _s ( sombre1 m$ival ,romanticism1 :i* made 8 "n ! mo/ hon\r$ 9 ! ,exhibition ( #ahfh4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s*rad]4 ,,cromwell ,,at ,,:itehall4 ,! negation ( p[]1 an almo/ fem99e pa9t] ( no di/9ctive "*1 a new edition ( ,w9t]halt]1 0 ,gu/av ,ri*t]4 ,8 popul>ity is connect$ ) ! fi%]-boys & odalisques1 ! reproduction ( :i* e semp/ress at "o "t us$ to we> on h] broo*1 :ile 9 pr9t$ col\rs !y add$ spl5d\r to all ! bonbon & h&k]*ief boxes4 ,! accompli%$ workman%ip & sp>kl+ treatm5t ( mat]ial :i* he acquir$ 9 ,p>is made him 9 #ahfj1 aft] ,edu>d ,magnus _h made 8 exit1 ! mo/ fam\s pa9t] ( fem99e beauty4 ,a pleasure-lov+ man ( ! _w1 elegant 9 appe>ance1 fame1 hon\r1 & di/9ction 7 %[]$ ^u him1 & he became ! %9+ spoilt d>l+ ( society1 ! c5tral po9t ( an ext5sive & animat$ convivial int]c\rse4 ,8 works 7 c>ri$ out 9 a /yle :i*1 at t "t1 _h n be5 le>nt 9 ,b]l91 & _h an air ( ,c\rt life :i* 0 held to be exce$+ly fa%ionable4 ,x 0 lat] t ! banal empt9ess & insipid ta/e ( 8 toilette portraits fir/ became obvi\s1 & t _! ev]la/+ly sweet & doll-l smirk1 & _! k9d & w9n+ eyes1 always ! same1 began to gr[ tiresome4 ,9 all 8 life-size *romoli?ographs !re is a di/9ction ( build & appe>ance1 :i* 9 ! orig9als 0 p]haps to h be5 desir$1 al?\gh ! orig9als unque/ionably look$ l some?+ t 0 m human & individual4 ,9 rip] ye>s1 aft] ! happ9ess ( family life _h be5 giv5 him1 he execut$ works :i* assure 8 "n a c]ta9 endurance2 ?is he did 9 "s ( 8 family portraits1--= in/ance1 9 ^? ( 8 boys & 8 wife4 ,to ?is la/ p]iod belongs ! ideal portrait ( ! ,b>oness ,ziegl] z ,que5 ,l\isa1 :i* became su* a popul> picture 9 ,prussia4 ,b ,ri*t]'s great compositions1 :i* once *>m$ ! visitors at exhibitions1 are n[ =gott54 ,9 ,jairus's ,daught]--admir$ 9 #ahef z a f9e p]=mance 9 col\r+--:at /rikes "o n[ t its col\r+ has long be5 surpass$ is ! inadequacy & !atricality ( its *>act]isation1 ! outw>d %[1 & ! banality ( ?is h&some "y man :o p]=ms 8 miracle ) a declamatory pose4 ,! ,build+ ( ! ,pyramids1 pa9t$ = ! ,maximilianeum 9 ,muni*1 ) its sw>m+ cr[d ( d>k-col\r$ p1 & ! royal pair come to inspect ) an endless tra91 is a gigantic e?nographical picture-%eet1 :i* did n repay ! exp5diture ( twelve long ye>s ( "w4 ,9 ,p>is ,otto ,knille le>nt to approa* huge canvas & wall spaces ) fe>lessness1 & by execut+ ! _m monum5tal commissions :i* fell to 8 %>e 9 ,prussia1 he put ?is ,fr5* tal5t to usury 9 a mann] :i* 0 z blameless z x 0 un9t]e/+4 ,"s good pa9t+s by ,julius ,s*rad]1 su* z ! hi/orical pictures ) :i* 8 fame is associat$1 h rema9$ fre% = a long] p]iod4 ,! ,dea? ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 z well z ! ,surr5d] ( ,calais to ,edw>d ,,iii1 ,wall5/e9 & ,s5i at _! ,a/rological ,/udies1 ,! ,dy+ ,milton1 & ,*>les ,i p>t+ f 8 ,*ildr51 are only a collection ( :at ! ,p>isian /udios _h transmitt$ to him4 ,del>o*e & ! illu/rative & !atrical pa9t+ ( hi/ory1 hav+ gone ! r\nds 9 ,belgium1 9 ! next decade dem&$ _! sacrifice 9 ,g]many4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,less+4 ,,! ,,hussite ,,s]mon4 ,"h also simil> political & lit]>y conditions 7 prescrib$4 ,a backw>d p1 uncont5t ) itself1 p9$ = de$s & glory4 ,?r\gh ! pres5tm5t ( ! great dramas ( ! pa/ ! _s ( ! pres5t 0 to be quick5$1 z a relax$ body by massage4 ,"h also ! k ( hi/ory levell$ ! gr\nd = pa9t+1 z x did 9 ,france4 ,:ile1 9 ! imag9ation ( ! ,romantici/s1 diff]5t ages melt$ dreamily into ea* o!r1 & ! ,hoh5/auff5 p]iod1 because ( its t5d] melan*oly "*1 gave ! keynote = all ,g]man hi/ory1 ! sci5tific writ+ ( hi/ory _h1 s9ce ! ?irties1 ent]$ z a p[] into lit]ature4 ,s*loss] began 8 ,univ]sal-hi/oris*e ,ueb]si*t d] ,ges*i*te d] alt5 ,welt1 :i* swell$ to n9e volumes1 & repres5t$ ) a complet5ess hi!rto unapproa*$ ! civilisation ( antiquity4 ,8 hi/ory ( ! eighte5? c5tury 0 a /ill great] dep>ture1 =1 aft] ! example ( ,voltaire1 he includ$ mann]s1 sci5ce1 & lit]ature 9 8 acc\nt ( political ev5ts4 ,on ! uncompromis+ subjectivity ( ,s*loss] foll[$ ! sci5tific objectivity ( ,ranke1 :o1 a ma/] ( ! criticism ( s\rces1 del9eat$ ) delicate1 silv]-po9t portraits ! ,papacy aft] ! ,re=mation1 ! ,fr5* ,c\rt1 ! policy ( ! pr9ces ( ! age ( ! ,re=mation1 ,cromwell1 & ! h]oes ( ! ris+ p[] ( ,prussia4 ,lud51 ,giesebre*t1 ,leo1 ,hurt]1 ,dahlmann1 ,g]v9us1 & _m o!rs began _! great lab\rs4 ,g]man pa9t+1 l ,fr5*1 s\ght to take advantage ( ! results ( ^! sci5tific inve/igations2 & ,s*naase 0 ! fir/ :o1 9 ! ,kun/blatt 9 #ahcd1 describ$ hi/orical pa9t+ z ! press+ dem& ( ! age1 & ! cultivation ( ! hi/orical s5se 9 su* a disconsolate epo* z a truly religi\s necessity4 ,soon aft]w>ds ,vis*] began to prea* hi/orical pa9t+ z a new gospel4 ,hi/ory1 he says1 is ! revelation ( ,god4 ,8 ,be+ is reveal$ 9 x z mu* z 9 ! sacr$ writ+s ( religion4 ,hi/orical pa9t+ is !re=e ! completion & full exemplification ( ^? pr9ciples :i*1 five c5turies back1 9 ,giotto1 l$ to ! movem5t ( ! new ,*ri/ian pa9t+4 ,x is call$ =? by ! developm5t ( all =ms ( life & k1 & is ! la/ & highe/ /ep :i* sacr$ pa9t+ is able to rea*3 x is ! f9al completion ( sacr$ pa9t+ itself4 ,:o repres5ts ! ,holy ,gho/ ) m dignity8 ,he :o pa9ts ,him z a dove ^u a %eaf ( sunbeams1 or he :o places be=e me a great & l(ty man1 a ,lu!r or a ,huss 9 ! flame ( div9e en?usiasm8 ,some?+ ( ! sort _h be5 9 ! m9d ( ,/rauss :5 he advocat$ ! wor%ip ( g5ius z a sub/itute = religion4 ,! infidel ideali/ic pa9t+ & satire _h be5 foll[$ by a religi\s art :i* evaporat$ 9 ,naz>eanism2 pure hi/ory 9 boots & spurs 0 next prea*$ z a religion4 ,we /&1 says ,ho?o 9 8 hi/ory ( ,g]man & ,ne!rl&i% pa9t+1 ) our k1 culture1 & insight1 on a summit f :i* we ov]look ! :ole pa/4 ,! ,ori5t1 ,greece & ,rome1 ! ,middle ,ages1 ! ,re=mation1 & mod]n times1 ) _! religion1 lit]ature1 & art1 _! de$s & _! life1 spread l a univ]sal panorama be=e u2 & x is "o t we mu/ grasp ) a univ]sal feel+ = ! di/9ctiv5ess ( e p1 ( e epo*1 & ( e "*4 ,9 ?is fa%ion to bury "o's self 9 ! pa/1 to get at ! mo/ ess5tial mean+ ( its life by k1 to awak5 :at is dead1 & by art to r5ew :at is vani%$1 & ?us to elevate ! pres5t to ! level ( ! /ill liv+1 k9dr$ ,mnemosyne ( ! pa/1 su* is ! vivify+ "w ( our "t2 & to t "w its be/ p[]s mu/ be devot$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c>l ,,piloty4 ,! fir/ :o work$ ) ^! pr9ciples 9 ,g]many 0 ,less+4 ,he 0 a great l&scape pa9t]1 & a clev] & amiable man1 ^: h\se 9 ,k>lsruhe 0 = _m ye>s a meet+-place = ! polite _w1 & e beg9n]1 e "y man ( tal5t1 visit$ x to seek protection4 ,dur+ ! w9t] ( #ahcb-cc ,m5zel's ,ges*i*te d] ,deuts*5 fell into 8 h&s4 ,9 x he read ! /ory ( ,huss & ! ,hussites1 & ) ,! ,hussite ,s]mon he soon aft]w>ds began ! sequ5ce ( pictures :i* _h z _! !me ! battle betwe5 ,*ur* & ,/ate1 ! /ruggle ( ! ,popes ) ! ,emp]ors1 ! conflict betwe5 b9d+ tradition & free p]sonal conviction--a sequ5ce to be view$ 9 connection ) ! opposition betwe5 au?ority & fre$om :i* _h actually aris5 ?r\gh ,/rauss' ,life ( ,jesus4 ,huss be=e ! ,c\ncil1 ,huss on 8 ,way to ! ,/ake1 ,! ,burn+ ( ! ,papal ,ban1 7 f\nd on _! appe>ance exce$+ly seasonable by ! or?odox1 ,prote/ant side4 ,= p 7 det]m9$ to see 9 !m1 at "o "t1 ! prote/s ( a ,prote/ant aga9/ ! ,ca?olic art t5d5cies ( ! ,naz>5es1 at ano!r1 bit+ epigrams on ! ,ca?olic & pieti/ic bias1 rul+ 9 ,prussia "u ,fri$ri* ,wilhelm ,,iv4 ,!y are ( hi/orical int]e/ 9 s f> z ,less+1 be=e ! p]iod ( ,fr5* influ5ce1 anticipat$ 9 !m ! pa? on :i* ! ,g]man hi/orical pa9t+--^: c5tre ?r\gh ,piloty came to be ,muni*--mov$ 9 ! foll[+ ye>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,piloty4 ,,girondi/s ,,on ,,! ,,road ,,to ,,! ,,guillot9e4 7,by p]mission ( ! ,b]l9 ,photographic ,co41 own]s ( ! copyright47 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,piloty4 ,,"u ,,! ,,ar5a4 ,piloty's glory is to h plant$ ! bann] ( col\r on ! citadel ( ! ideali/ic c>toon draw]s4 ,true1 x 0 only ! disc>d$ fle%+s ( ,del>o*e2 b s9ce he possess$1 side by side ) a solid ability1 p$agogic capacities ( ! fir/ rank1 & ?us br\ght to ,g]man art1 9 8 own p]son1 all ! qualities :i* x _h want$ dur+ half a c5tury1 8 appe>ance 0 none ! less mo/ important 9 its consequ5ces4 ,ev5 to-day1 beside ,kaulba*'s ,j]usalem & ,s*norr's ,deluge 9 ! new ,p9ako!k1 8 ,s5i is indicative ( ! beg9n+ ( a new p]iod4 ,be=e him ! mo/ celebrat$ m5 ( ! ,muni* s*ool made a boa/ ( n be+ able to pa9t1 & look$ d[n ^u ! col\r]s ) a contemptu\s %rug2 s "h ev]y?+ 0 atta9$ :i* ! "y g5]ation _h admir$ 9 ,gallait & ,bifve4 ,?is a/\nd+ revelation ( col\r 0 9 #ahee prais$ 9 ,g]many z some?+ unhe>d ( & absolutely p]fect4 ,!re 0 no m ( ! petty1 motley1 bodyless pa9t+ :i* _h hi!rto be5 dom9ant4 ,! mann] 9 :i* ! grey ( morn+ falls ^u ! murd]$ man 9 ! e]ie *amb]1 ! way ! clo!s & ! silk5 curta9s glimm]1 7 ?+s :i* en*ant$ arti/s1 :il/ ! lay public philosophis$ ) ! ?\ghtful ,s5i ov] ! greatness ( h]oes & ! de/9y ( ! _w4 ,at "o b\nd ,piloty took rank z ! fir/ ,g]man pa9t]2 he 0 ! future1 & he became ! lead] to :om "y ,muni* look$ up ) wond]4 ,be=e him no "o _h kn[n h[ to pa9t a head1 a h&1 or a boot 9 su* a way4 ,no "o c\ld d s mu*1 & by virtue ( ?is te*nical /r5g? he f\nd$ su* a s*ool z ,muni* _h nev] yet se54 ,! consequ5ce ( 8 adv5t 0 t ! t[n c\ld soon boa/ ( _m pa9t]s :o ?or\ghly und]/ood _! bus9ess4 ,:at an academical pr(essor c give 8 pupils 7?or\gh gr\ndwork 9 draw+ & col\r71 t ! "y g5]ation receiv$ f ,piloty1 :o at 8 dea? might h said ) m "r ?an ,cornelius3 ,we h left a bett] art ?an we f\nd4 ,he :o discov]$ & guid$ s _m m5 ( tal5t1 left beh9d him :5 he di$ a well-drill$ g5]ation ( pa9t]s2 & f> beyond ! b\nd>ies ( ,muni* !y assure him ! hon\rable title ( a preceptor ( ,g]many4 ,! ,muni* movem5t does n (f] ! example ( passionate & embitt]$ battles1 l ^? :i* ! ,p>isian ,romantici/s ma9ta9$ aga9/ ! ,classici/s ( ! s*ool ( ,david4 ,! gu>d did n die1 b surr5d]$1 & retir$ into an otium cum dignitate4 ,)\t a conte/ ! gr\nd 0 left to ! new g5]ation1 :i* 0 unit$ by no bond ( tradition ) t :i* _h j be5 driv5 f ! field2 x 0 left to an unphilosophic1 unpoetic g5]ation1 ^: only endeav\r 0 to b9d toge!r ! ?reads ( te*nical art :i* _h be5 torn by unalt]able circum/ances4 ,?is revolution 0 accompli%$ ) almo/ unnatural swiftness4 ,9 ! lifetime ( ,cornelius himself ! ,franco-,belgian dogma ( col\r rea*$ its end & summit 9 ,mak>t1 ) :om col\r is an elem5t>y p[]1 ov]fl[+ & levell+ ev]y?+ ) ! might ( absolutism4 ,9 ! same ye> t ,cornelius di$ ,! ,pe/ 9 ,flor5ce made its t\r ?r\gh ! _w4 ,already ,s*w9d & ,/e9le1 ^? two *ildr5 ( ,vi5na1 _h sep>at$ !mselves f ! ?\ghtful /r+5cy ( =m & pla/ic cle>ness ( _! ,g]man comrades1 by a c]ta9 col\r$ & lyrically musical elem5t 9 _! "w4 ,& n[ also x 0 an ,au/rian :o aga9 habituat$ ! col\r-bl9d eyes ( ! ,g]mans to ! spl5d\r ( pigm5t4 ,mi*ael ,angelo's expression ( =m1 z x _h be5 imitat$ by ,cornelius1 0 oppos$ by ! col\r-symphonies ( ! ,v5etians3 drap]y & jewels1 brocade & velvet1 & ! voluptu\s =ms ( wom54 ,illu/ration3 ,,hans ,,mak>t4 ,hans ,mak>t 0 a g5ius mo/ picturesque 9 8 mode ( life4 ,:e!r ?is life 0 enact$ 9 8 /udio1 fitt$ up l a ballroom1 9 ! ,r+-,/rasse1 conv]t$ into a /age1 or ^u 8 canvas1 ev]y?+ 0 trans=m$ = him into decoration gleam+ ) col\r4 ,& ?r\gh ?is delight 9 col\r ! mo/ important impulses 7 giv5 9 ! mo/ div]se prov9ces ( life4 ,aga9/ ! d[dy lack ( ta/e & ! h>% gaiety ( ladies' fa%ions 9 t era he set 8 di/+ui%$ co/ume pictures1 c>ri$ out 9 iridesc5t sat9 tones2 & ! ent]pris+ modi/es translat$ !m into fact4 ,! ,mak>t hat1 ! ,mak>t roses1 ! ,mak>t b\quet--v old-fa%ion$1 no d\bt1 at ! pres5t "t--7 dissem9at$ ov] ! _w4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( ,mak>t ! :ole prov9ce ( ! m arti/ic trades 0 reg>d$ f a pictorial po9t ( view4 ,ori5tal c>pets1 heavy silk5 /uffs1 ,japanese vases1 weapons & inlaid furniture1 became h5ce=? ! pr9cipal elem5ts ( decoration4 ,! fa%ionable _w surr\nd$ itself ) brilliant col\rs2 pap]s 7 supplem5t$ by portires & ,gobel9s1 ceil+s 7 pa9t$1 & gay umbrellas /ood 9 ! fireplace4 ,! bald1 hone/ city-ald]man /yle gave way1 & a bright triumph ( col\r took its place4 ,9 ! /udio ( ! ma/] 7 ! f9e/ blossoms ( all epo*s ( art2 ri*ly ornam5t$ ,g]man *e/s ( ! ,r5aissance /ood ne> ,*9ese idols & ,greek t]ra-cotta1 ,smyrna c>pets & ,gobel9s1 & old ,italian & ,ne!rl&i% pictures 7 m+l$ ) antique & m$ival weapons4 ,& amid ?is ri* /ill-life ( spl5did vessels1 weapons1 sculpture1 & co/ly /uffs & co/umes1 :i* cr[d$ all ! walls & corn]s1 !re rose to ! surface z fur!r pieces ( decoration a velvet coat1 a pair ( rid+ bree*es1 & a sm>t pair ( ,wall5/e9 boots4 ,_! we>] 0 a little man ) a black be>d1 two pi]c+ d>k eyes1 & "o ( ^? spl5did broad-br[$ heads :i* are univ]sally accept$ z ! sign ( g5ius4 ,mak>t's pictures are simil> /udies ( /ill-life out ( :i* human figures rise to ! surface4 ,"o he>s ! ru/le ( silk & sat91 & ! crackle ( co/ly robes ( brocade2 "o sees velvet door-hang+s droop 9 heavy folds1 b ! figures :i* h _! be+ 9 ! mid/ are m]ely bodies & n s\ls1 fle% & no bones1 col\r & no draw+4 ,sometimes he draws bett] & sometimes worse1 b nev] well4 ,& !re=e he seems unspeakably small by ! side ( ! old ,v5etians1 :o 9 su* repres5tation comb9$ a highly develop$ k ( =m ) luxuriant brilliancy ( col\r4 ,b ev5 8 col\r1 t flaunt+1 piquant1 bitum9\s pa9t+ d]iv$ f ,del>o*e1 :i* once ?rew all ,g]many into ec/asies1 no long] awakes any cordial en?usiasm2 & ! fault is only p>tially due to ! rapid decay1 ! sadly dilapidat$ appe>ance ( 8 pictures4 ,!re is n mu* m rema9+ ( !m ?an ( t %9+ fe/al procession :i* = a =5oon set ! /reets ( ,vi5na 9 upro>4 ,tone & col\r+ h n become f9] & m mell[ ) ! ye>s1 z 9 old ,gobel9s1 b ev] m spotty & dead4 ,& ev5 if !y _h rema9$ fre%1 w\ld !y yet appeal to ! pres5t g5]ation1 s mu* m discrim9at+ 9 _! appreciation ( col\r8 ,mak>t1 s mu* laud$ z a pa9t] ( fle%1 0 nev] really able to pa9t fle% at all4 ,8 fem99e fle% t9ts are (t5 bloodlessly :ite1 & (t5 t+$ by an unpleasant1 sug>y rose hue4 ,! fre% fragrance ( life is n to be f\nd 9 8 figures1 = !y h be5 begott51 n by contact ) nature1 b by comm]ce ) old pictures4 ,he 0 (t5 reproa*$ ) immorality by ! prudi% critics ( e>li] ye>s2 ,heav5 kn[s h[ /agnant & /]eotyp$ ?is nudity seems 9 ! pres5t day1 & h[ tame ?is s5su\sness1 ev5 :5 "o's ?\ghts d n happ5 to h be5 rais$ to ! great1 c>nal1 & div9e s5su\sness ( ,rub5s4 ,l ,rob]t ,ham]l+1 alli$ to him by 8 intoxication 9 col\r1 ,mak>t _h a great mom5t>y success2 b1 l ! =m]1 ! brilliancy ( 8 "w has swiftly pal$1 & x is n[ se5 h[ poor & sickly 0 ! !me hidd5 beh9d ! lavi% in/rum5tation4 ,because a correct & solid anatomy 0 want+ to 8 creations f _! bir? upw>ds1 !y c live no long] n[ t _! bloom+ fle% is )]$4 ,9 fact1 ,mak>t's pa9t+ 0 a weakly & sup]ficial art4 ,he _h a s5se = no?+ b :at 0 ext]nal4 ,x is said t 9 ,*ile !re are huge & spl5did faades on :i* are writt5 ,museo ,nacional1 ,!atro ,nacional1 & !re is no?+ beh9d4 ,& s = ,mak>t ! _w 0 a h\se ) a spl5did faade gl[+ ) col\r1 b )\t dwell+-rooms 9 :i* ! sorr[ & joy ( humanity make _! abode4 ,8 m5 d n ?9k & d n live2 !y are only lay figures = spl5did g>m5ts1 or mat]ially circumscrib$ spaces ( rosy fle% col\r2 !y make a /uff$1 bra9less1 animal effect4 ,all 8 wom5 heave up _! eyes 9 ! same mean+less fa%ion1 & h a vapid1 doll-l trait ab\t _! :ite tee?1 laid b>e z if = ! d5ti/4 ,x makes no diff]5ce :e!r !y are meant to be portraits or m]ely embody a fem99e pla/ic lyricism4 ,x 0 n wise ( ,mak>t to pa9t a portrait4 ,he might drape 8 orig9al aft] ,palma ,vec*io1 aft] ,rub5s or ,rembr&t1 z ,semiramis or a ,japanese2 8 intellectual incapacity rema9$ always ! same2 ! poetry ( ! psy*ical nature evaporat$ f 8 art4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mak>t4 ,,! ,,esp\sals ,,( ,,catt]9a ,,corn>o4 ,b all t _c alt] ! fact t ,mak>t takes a v high place among/ 8 contempor>ies1 9 t epo* dom9at$ by ! hi/orical pa9t+1 & n yet arriv$ at an orig9al conception ( nature4 ,p\ss9 said ( ,raphael3 if y comp>e him ) ! mod]ns he is an eagle1 b if y place him by ! ,greeks he is a sp>r[4 ,s :5 "o ?9ks ( ,v]onese or ,rub5s1 "o f9ds on ,mak>t ! fea!rs ( a sp>r[1 b among/ 8 contempor>ies 9 ,g]many he seems l an eagle4 ,:ile all ^? f :om he d]iv$1 ^? ,pilotys1 ,gallaits1 & ,del>o*es1 7 no m ?an skill$ hi/orians 9 pa9t+1 ,mak>t1 ?\gh mu* tam] & small]1 has a relation%ip ) ,delacroix 9 8 sov]eign arti/ry4 ,t joy 9 ! purely pictorial :i* express$ itself 9 ! fe/al procession 9 ! ,r+-,/rasse & 9 ! furni%+ ( 8 /udio 01 moreov]1 ! gr\nd-pr9ciple ( 8 art4 ,) ! navet ( ! old ma/]s he has boldly set himself above all hi/orical tru?2 ) absolute want ( respect = books ( hi/ory he has committ$ ana*ronisms at :i* any critic w\ld be irritat$4 ,revell+ 9 spl5did revelations ( col\r1 all t he conc]n$ himself ab\t 0 t 8 co/um$ figures %\ld r5d] a f9e h>mony ( hues4 ,s exclusively 0 8 eye organis$ = col\r t e picture 0 fir/ conceiv$ by him on ! palette z a luxuriant mass ( col\r1 & he inv5t$ aft]w>ds ! !me :i* 0 prop] = x4 ,if ,del>o*e trans=m$ pa9t+ into ! flat1 sob]1 & sci5tifically p$antic illu/ration ( hi/ory1 ,mak>t gave x aga9 a bright & spl5did play ( col\r4 ,! ,naz>5es 7 philosoph]s & !osoph]s1 ! ,romantici/s revell$ 9 lyrical s5tim5t4 ,kaulba* 0 a philosophic hi/orical /ud5t ( ! ,hegelian s*ool1 ,piloty a prosaic & declamatory pr(essor ( hi/ory1 ,mak>t 0 ! fir/ ,g]man pa9t] ( ! c5tury4 ,8 p]sonages we>y !mselves out 9 ! enjoym5t ( _! own dazzl+ outw>d p]sonality4 ,free z ! anci5ts ) _! gods & leg5ds1 he p\rs =? 8 ,cupids1 beautiful wom51 g5ii1 ,bac*antes1 & hi/orical figures1 & at ! same "t draws into 8 k+dom ( art all nature ) its v>iety ( plants1 fl[]s1 & fruits1 all civilisation ) its fulness ( spl5did vessels & jewels1 ( %9+ /uffs1 emblems1 weapons1 & masks4 ,all t he creat$ brea!s ! nave1 s5su\s satisfaction ( ! g5u9e pa9t]4 ,! ,pe/ 9 ,flor5ce und\bt$ly _h its orig9 9 ,boccaccio's description ( ! great epidemic :i* visit$ ! t[n on ! ,arno2 b ! picture is a free fantasy ( s5su\s enjoym5t & nak$ fle%1 a col\r symposium 9 :i* !re really lives an atom ( ! flam+ vital en]gy ( ,rub5s4 ,take ,! ,esp\sals ( ,catt]9a ,corn>o1 t gay procession ( repres5tatives f ,cyprus & ,v5ice1 ( dignifi$ m51 ( procurators ( ,/4 ,m>k1 ( wom5 9 =eign g>b1 ( bright col\r1 :o cr[d r\nd _! "y mi/ress1 ! que5 ( ! fea/1 rejoic+ amid ! spl5did ar*itecture ( ! piazza4 ,to ! ang] ( ! hi/orian1 he removes ! sc5e f ! fifte5? c5tury to ! blossom+ p]iod ( ! sixte5?1 :5 ! creations ( ,sansov9o1 ,titian1 & ,v]onese adorn$ ! ,que5 ( ! ,adriatic4 ,! ,entry ( ,*>les ,v into ,antw]p d]iv$ only its ext]nal impulse f ,dr]'s ,di>y4 ,! picture ) ! nak$ girls /rew+ fl[]s might almo/ z well repres5t ! triumphal entry ( ,alex&] into ,babylon4 ,9 ! magic l& by ! ,nile x is n ! hi/ory ( civilisation & e?nography t attracts him1 nor ! monum5tal _w ( ! pyramids & ! temples ( ! gods1 b ! s5su\s gl[ ( s\!rn nature & ! /ill-life & arti/ic accessories out ( :i* ! beautiful s]p5t ,cleopatra is se5 to rise4 ,female bodies1 animals1 & fruits1 set 9 ! mid/ ( ri*1 luxuriant l&scapes1 pa9t$ ) oil & bitum51 su* are ! elem5ts ( :i* 8 pictures ( ! old _w ( leg5d--! hunt ( ! ,amazons & ( ,diana--are compos$4 ,) ^! capacities ,mak>t 0 sc5ical pa9t] p> excell5ce4 ,8 ,abundantia pictures 9 ! ,muni* ,p9ako!k & ! ceil+-pieces ( ! ,palais ,tumba 9 ,vi5na are among 8 be/ creations4 ,!re lives 9 !m some?+ ( ! ,olympian bli!ness ( ! anci5ts1 ( t easy joy\sness :i* s9ce ,tiepolo seem$ to h be5 buri$ 9 melan*oly reflection & con/ra9$ brood+4 ,!y fulfil _! purpose1 z an invitation to ! enjoym5t ( life1 precisely because !y c>ry no intr9sic ?\ght to burd5 ! s5su\s display4 ,moreov]1 ! unctu\s & gorge\s col\r+1 ) ! animat$ contra/s ( w>m br[n & light blue1 m$iat$ by ! deep1 gl[+ ,mak>t r$1 corresponds to ! mood !y h be5 design$ to awak5--"o :i* call$ =? ! joy ( life1 luxuriant1 full-blood$1 & foam+ ov]4 ,! great1 fi]y r$ fl[]1 :i* spr\ts out ( ! gr\nd at ! feet ( ! nymph 9 ,spr+1 0 ! la/ ?+ t\*$ by ,mak>t's bru%1 ! la/ fl>e ( ! m>vell\s col\r-demon by :i* he 0 possess$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mak>t4 ,,! ,,fea/ ,,( ,,bac*us4 ,0 possess$6 ,= ,mak>t's :ole arti/ic endeav\r _h some?+ unconsci\s4 ,"o might say 9 a v>iant read+ f ,less+3 ,if ,mak>t _h be5 born )\t a bra9 he w\ld nev]!less h be5 a great pa9t]4 ,x is z if "o :o lies buri$ 9 ,antw]p _h once m felt ! in/9ct ( production1 & let himself d[n into ! great head ( ! little ,salzburg]2 & ! head1 be+ a some:at imp]fect m$ium1 only /amm]$ out ! int5tions ( ! sublime ma/]4 ,!re is some?+ rem>kable 9 ! c>e] ( ?is son ( ! poor s]vant1 on :om =tune %[]$ ) full h&s all x _h to (f] a *ild ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 & :o 9 ! mid/ ( 8 spl5d\r 9 ,vi5na rema9$ always ! same h>mless *ild ( nature t he _h be5 9 ,muni*1 :51 aft] receiv+ 8 fir/ hundr$ flor9s1 he drove 9 a cab ! two /eps f ,ob]poll+] to ! ,academy4 ,"o mu/ take him z he is--a product ( nature4 ,mak>t 0 a sc5e pa9t]1 & t n 9 8 sc5ical pictures only2 b he 0 an inspir$ sc5e pa9t]1 ( an enviable facility1 :o p\r$ =? 9 play :at o!rs fabricate ) pa9s4 ,8 m]it x is to h ann\nc$ to ! ,g]mans afre%1 9 an ov]:elm+ /yle1 t revelation ( col\r :i* _h be5 =gott5 s9ce ! ,v5etians & ,rub5s4 ,he has n advanc$ ! hi/ory ( art1 z su*4 ,:at he gave _h be5 giv5 bett] be=e4 ,b ! hi/ory ( ,g]man art 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury has to hon\r 9 him ! mo/ p]fect repres5tative ( ! p]iod 9 :i* col\r-bl9dness 0 succe$$ by exub]ance ( col\r1 & ! c>toon /yle by ! delight 9 pa9t+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gabriel ,,max4 ,graphis*e ,kun/4 ,beside ,mak>t1 ! *ild ( nature1 ,gabriel ,max's seems a calculat+1 torm5t$1 unheal?y tal5t4 ,9 ! mann] 9 :i* ,mak>t did 8 "w !re lay a c]ta9 elem5t>y1 logical necessity2 9 ,max !re is a great deal ( speculation & ov]-ref9em5t4 ,mak>t's home 0 ! t[n on ! lagoons4 ,max is by education & temp]am5t a disciple ( ,piloty--t is to say1 a pa9t] ( disa/]s2 by bir? he 0 a ,bohemian4 ,& t result$ 9 8 case 9 a v int]e/+ mixture4 ,:5 he exhibit$ 8 fir/ pictures x 0 z if "o he>d a ref9$ music aft] ! tom-tom ( ,piloty4 ,9 8 ,m>tyr on ! ,cross1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! spr+ ( #ahfg 9 ! ,muni* ,kun/v]e91 he fir/ /ruck t bitt]-sweet1 half-tortur+1 half-ensn>+ tone 9 :i* he aft]w>ds cont9u$ to s\nd4 ,x is dawn2 a s(t grey light re/s1 beam+ mildly1 ov] ! lonely ,campagna4 ,"h /&s a cross on :i* a girl-m>tyr has end$ h] /ruggles4 ,a "y ,roman com+ home f a fea/ is s ?rill$ by ! heav5ly peace 9 ! expression ( ! unhappy girl's face t he lays a cr[n ( roses at ! foot ( ! cross1 & becomes a conv]t to ! fai? = :i* %e has suff]$4 ,! my/]i\s mortu>y s5tim5t 9 ! subject is /r5g!n$ by ! almo/ gho/ly pallor ( ! col\r+4 ,ev]y?+ 0 h>monis$ 9 :ite1 except t "o d>k lock1 fall+ across ! pale =ehead ) great boldness1 s\nd$ l a %rill dissonance 9 ! s(t h>mony1 l a wild scream2 x _h come !re app>5tly q by *ance1 b 0 nev]!less calculat$ to a hair's bread?4 ,! t]ribly t\*+ vision ( ! m>tyr ar\s$ 9 e visitor to ! ,kun/v]e9 a %udd] ( delight4 ,x 0 ev5 a f9e v>iation1 & "o :i* invit$ pity1 t ! victim %\ld n h be5 a h]o1 z 9 conv5tional cata/rophes1 b a s(t & sweet girl1 made = love & nev] = ! cross4 ,& x 0 ! m absorb+1 too1 because x 0 impossible to say :e!r ! "y ,roman 0 look+ up to ! beautiful woman ) ! desecrat+ s5suality ( a dcad5t or ) ! f]vid ec/asy ( a conv]t4 ,! same horrifi$ fasc9ation 0 wak5$ aga9 & aga9 9 ! pres5ce ( ! lat] pictures ( ! pa9t]4 ,almo/ e "o conta9$ a sc5e ( m>tyrdom1 9 :i* ! torm5t$ & s9k+ h]o9e 0 a helpless *ild or a weak & def5celess woman4 ,! passion = tragic subjects br\ght into full sw+ by ! hi/orical pa9t]s 0 direct$ 9 ,max aga9/ ! pure/ & t5d]e/1 ! mo/ *a/e & ! mo/ lovely4 ,! type 0 always ! same1 ) its ,bohemian nose & "o eye l>g] ?an ! o!r1 by :i* 0 atta9$ a curi\sly vision>y or hy/]ically en?usia/ic expression4 ,& ! pictorial treatm5t correspond$ to x3 !re 0 always a fle%-t9t ( poignant mortal pallor1 a :ite cl++ drap]y1 a black veil1 a light grey backgr\nd1 all h>monis$ 9 "o v delicate *ord4 ,goe!'s ,gret*5 made ! beg9n+4 ,9 ! ,zw+] %e lift$ up h] eyes 9 fright5$ angui% to ! c\nt5ance ( ! ,madonna4 ,%e sat 9 h] cell1 h] face alt]$ by madness & lit up ) a wild laught]1 & 9 a rev]ie pass$ h] h& ?r\gh ,fau/'s locks4 ,or z a phantom %e w&]$ 9 ! ,walpurgis night1 9 h] long1 fl[+ %r\d1 ) a blood-r$ /ripe r\nd h] ?roat4 ,?is picture1 exhibit$ ) electric light1 0 especially effective4 ,max _h br\ght into ! e>ne/ corpse-l eyes an expression t 0 t]ribly demoniacal1 & _h be5 atta9$ to ! same degree by no e>li] illu/rator ( ,fau/4 ,a rav51 peck+ at ! lo/ r+1 0 h] gho/ly escort4 ,max %[$ great inv5tion 9 hitt+ ^u su* ?+s4 ,brg]'s ,pf>r]to*t] von ,taub5ha9 gave him ! mat]ial = 8 ,*ild-murd]ess--a "y girl :o1 by ! bank ( a lonely pool1 ov]gr[n ) re$s1 /abs h] *ild to ! he>t ) a ne$le1 & 9 a sudd5 ru% ( mat]nal love presses a kiss on ! /iff little body be=e committ+ x to ! wat]4 ,"h ! sombre1 disconsolate "* ( ! l&scape accord$ f9ely ) ! action1 & ! pale body ( ! *ild made an exce$+ly bright1 pung5t spot ( col\r on ! d>k-gre5 ru%es4 ,! ,lion's ,bride illu/rat$ ,*amisso's ballad ( ! jeal\s lion :o kill$ 8 mi/ress be=e h] w$d+1 because he w\ld n give h] ov] to ano!r4 ,maje/ically he lies beh9d h]1 ) "o paw on ! arm ( ! sla91 & ! o!r /ruck into h] ?igh4 ,! /ones ( ! floor are r$d5$ ) h] blood4 ,b f> m frequ5tly ?an blood ,max employ$ ! t9ts ( corruption1 ! true nature morte4 ,9 its col\r-values & subtle %ades ! dead human body1 j at ! po9t :]e corruption beg9s1 0 bett] suit$ to ! pa9t]'s pallid scale ( col\r ?an ! light & brutally effective r$ ( fre%ly p\r$-out blood4 ,among ^! pa9t+s ( mortification mu/ be reckon$ ,ahasu]us by ! ,body ( a ,*ild & ,! ,anatomi/2 ! latt] m$itatively reg>ds at ! dissect+-table ! corpse1 cov]$ ) :ite l951 ( a "y girl :o has committ$ suicide4 ,9 8 ,rais+ ( ,jairus's ,daught] ! effect ( mortification 0 mo/ clev]ly height5$ by a small detail1 :i* made an extraord9>y impression3 ?is 0 a fly on ! nak$ arm ( ! girl1 put !re to rem9d ! spectator ( ! unconsci\sness ( ! body4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,max4 ,a ,,nun ,,9 ,,! ,,cloi/] ,,g>d54 ,! secrets ( dea? are always c]ta9 ( _! effect on ! n]ves2 b by means ( ! brok5 he>ts ( wom51 ) annihilat$ hopes & agonis$ hy/]ical suff]+s1 he succe$$ aga9 9 call+ =? a bitt]-sweet sympa?y4 ,m>y ,magdal5e & ,! ,maid ( ,orleans 7 ! ma/]pieces ( ?is gr\p4 ,! und]ly+ idea ( ! picture ,light is t a bl9d "y ,*ri/ian girl1 at ! portal ( ! ,roman catacombs1 (f]s lamps to ! ent]+ ,*ri/ians = ! illum9ation ( _! d>k way4 ,! bl9d woman z ! giv] ( light6 ,ev5 9 8 y\?1 ) cruel irony1 he _h _h sung by a bl9d qu>tet ! song1 ,du ha/ die s*n/5 ,aug54 ,a t\* ( ,del>o*e is 9 ! o!r "y m>tyr1 :o1 betwe5 ! blood?ir/y bea/s ( ! ,roman circus1 looks up amaz$ to ! r[s ( spectators1 f ! mid/ ( :i* a "y ,roman has flung h] a rose z a la/ greet+4 ,9 ! next mom5t %e w be ly+ on ! e>? torn to %r$s by ! bea/s4 ,z he succe$$ "h 9 giv+ a pres5tim5t ( ! horrible1 s 9 ano!r gr\p ( pictures ,max atta9$ a yet m demoniacal *>m by ! gho/ly4 ,he _h e>ly made himself famili> ) ,s*op5hau] & ,buddha & ! ,indian fakirs2 ! my/ical & spirituali/ic movem5t _h j at t "t be5 set go+ by ! writ+s ( ,c>l ,du ,prels4 ,ju/9us ,k]n] & ! prophetess ( ,prevor/ 7 ! ord] ( ! day4 ,max became ! pa9t] ( hypnotism & spiritualism4 ,! ,_s's ,greet+ made a special s5sation3 ! "y girl at ! piano1 9 ?is picture1 is int]rupt$ 9 h] play+ by ! t\* ( a mat]ialis$ gho/ly h&1 :i* /ret*es t[>ds h] f a s(t cl\dy mi/4 ,! mixture ( horror1 joy1 devotion1 & ec/asy 9 ! face ( ! "y play] 0 v effective4 ,9 ord] to r5d] effects ( ! k9d he made ext5sive /udies f ! hypnotis$ model1 & 9 ?is way he sometimes rea*$ an extraord9>y int5sity ( expression4 ,he took a decid$ position ) reg>d to ano!r "q :i* at ! "t 0 v acute--vivisection4 ,?is he did 9 ! picture ( ! man ( sci5ce f :om an allegorical female figure1 ,! ,g5ius ( ,pity1 takes away a little dog doom$ to be dissect$1 %[+ by a pair ( scales t ! human he>t has m weight ?an ! human und]/&+4 ,all ?is goes to %[ t ,max is ! opposite ( artless4 ,he kn[s h[ to calculate an effect on ! n]ves ) extreme subtlety1 & mo/ skilfully at times to give 8 pictures ! attraction ( ! fre%ly pr9t$ newspap]4 ,he appeals to compassion r ?an imag9ation4 ,he w\ld set ! he>t beat+ viol5tly4 ,he triumphs g5]ally by 8 subjects1 & 8 effects are mu* pur] 9 ^? few works 9 :i* he r5\nces ! piquant adjunct ( ! demoniacal1 ! tragical1 & ! my/ical1 & becomes m]ely a pa9t]4 ,among/ ^? works is to be reckon$ t beautiful ,madonna on ! alt>1 pa9t$ 9 #ahhf1 & s t5d]ly illu/rat+ ! v]ses ( ,he9e-- ,und w] e9e ,wa*%& opf]t1 ,dem heilt an d] ,h& die ,wund1 ,und w] e9 ,wa*%]z opf]t1 ,dem wird das ,h]z gesund4 ,& s too does t *>m+ ,spr+ ,tale ( #ahgc1 :i* brea!s only ( gaiety1 happ9ess1 & peace2 a "y girl sits "u ! blossom+ bu%es1 & li/5s enraptur$ to ! w>bl+ ( a night+ale4 ,illu/ration3 ,hanf/ngl4 ,,max4 ,,! ,,lion',s ,,bride4 ,^? pictures1 ! mood ( :i* gr[s out ( ! l&scape ar\nd--,! ,nun 9 ! ,cloi/] ,g>d51 ,adagio1 ,! ,spr+ ,tale1 & ,autumn ,dance--give ,max a v high & peculi> place 9 ! "w ( 8 p]iod4 ,he appe>s 9 !m z a t5d] poet :o expresses 8 emotions ?r\gh a pictorial m$ium2 z an ador] ( nature ( a s(t melan*oly & subtle delicacy1 :i* are to be f\nd 9 l mann] only 9 ! works ( ! ,engli%m5 ,fr$]ick ,walk]1 ,george ,mason1 & ,george ,h4 ,b\ghton4 ,nature s+s a hymn to ! s\l ( ! pa9t]1 & ?r\gh 8 figures x is brea!d =? 9 l[1 vibrat+ cad5ces4 ,a t5d] l&scape ( e>lie/ spr+ gave ! gr\nd-tone to 8 *>m+ picture ,adagio4 ,"y trees ) trembl+ /ems raise _! sl5d] cr[ns into ! pale blue sky fleck$ ) cl\ds4 ,z yet ! bran*es are almo/ nak$2 only "h & !re appe>s ! embroid]y ( fre% yell[i% gre54 ,& 9 ?is s(t1 t5d] nature :i* %yly reveals itself z ) a slight %udd] aft] its long w9t] sleep1 !re are seat$ two be+s3 a boy & 8 "y "m--%e looks almo/ a *ild--dreamily m$itat+4 ,_! eyes look /rangely into vacancy1 z ?\gh _! ?\ghts are w&]+4 ,nature works on !m1 & a melan*oly ,w>te nur balde runs ?r\gh _! s\ls4 ,a spr+ l&scape ( blissful gaiety1 :]e night+ales w>ble1 butt]flies sip at ! fl[]s1 & sunbeams play coquetti%ly r\nd ! budd+ rosebu%es1 is ! ,sett+ ( ! ,spr+ ,tale4 ,ev]y?+ laughs & rejoices1 %9es & sc5ts ! air 9 ! e>ly sunlight4 ,pe>ls ( dew sp>kle on ! mead[s1 gnats hum & leaves murmur4 ,%e ?9ks ( him4 ,all ! joy ( a fir/ love-dream sets h] he>t quiv]+ ) a delici\s tremor4 ,9 h] he>t z 9 nature x is spr+4 ,yet ev5 z a l&scape pa9t] ,max g5]ally has t t5d]1 suff]+ trait :i* runs ?r\gh 8 creative "w else:]e4 ,twilight1 autumn1 pale sky & dead leaves h made ! deepe/ impression on 8 _s4 ,?91 half-/unt$ trees1 9 ! leaves ( :i* ! ev5+ w9d is play+1 gr[ ^u an undulat+1 pov]ty-/rick5 soil4 ,! l&scape spreads ar\nd ) a k9d ( lyrical melan*oly3 a region :i* gives no exub]ant assurance ( be+ beautiful1 b :i*1 9 its pov]ty1 attunes ! m9d to melan*oly2 a region1 h[ev]1 :i* kn[s n ( /orms & lonel9ess1 b is ! peaceful dwell+ ( quiet & resign$ m54 ,^! be+s belong to no age2 _! co/ume is n mod]n1 b nei!r is x tak5 f any e>li] p]iod4 ,!y d n act & !y tell no /ory2 !y dream _! "t away m$itatively & gravely4 ,max has dive/$ !m ( ev]y?+ fle%ly & vulg>1 s t only a %ad[ ( !m rema9s1 a s\l t vibrates 9 exquisite1 dy+1 elusive *ords4 ,! ,autumn ,dance is su* an une>?ly picture1 & "o ( indef9able magic4 ,*ildr5 & wom5 are danc+1 yet "o feels !m to be religi\s dream]s :om a melan*oly _w-we>9ess & a ye>n+ aft] ! my/ical h drawn toge!r to ?is secret & seque/]$ corn] ( ! e>?4 ,! pale1 transp>5t air1 ! t5d] t9ts ( ! dresses1 delicate z fad+ fl[]s1 ! fle% t9t giv+ ! figures some?+ gho/ly & e!real--x all /rikes a note at once bly! & s5tim5tal1 happy & sad4 ,! ,nun 9 ! ,cloi/] ,g>d5 is 9 po9t ( l&scape "o ( 8 f9e/ productions4 ,9 ! cloi/] g>d51 despite ! budd+ spr+1 !re reigns a disconsolate dre>9ess4 ,on ! ?9 grass sits a "y nun1 :o foll[s dreamily ! gay flutt]+ ( two butt]flies1 :i* flit ar\nd at h] feet4 ,a black dress1 h>%ly & abruptly cross$ by a :ite cape1 envelops ! y\?fully delicate =m4 ,! dy+ sapl+ on :i* %e is lean+ b5ds helplessly aga9/ ! /ubborn pal+ to :i* x is fa/5$ ) iron clamps4 ,! wea!r-/a9$ wall /ret*es along 9 a dre>y monoton\s grey4 ,an old sundial rel5tlessly indicates ! sl[ dragg+ h\rs4 ,b ! deep blue heav51 9 :i* a pair ( l>ks poise exult+1 looks 9 across ! wall1 f :i* a scrubby gr[? climbs %iv]+ 9 ! breeze4 ,illu/ration3 ,graphis*e ,kun/4 ,,max4 ,,light4 ,9 su* pictures1 too1 ,max has a morbid incl9ation to a my/ical delicacy ( s5tim5t4 ,he gives :at is real an exquisite subtlety :i* transplants x into ! _w ( dreams1 & 8 t5d] s5se ( pa9 p]haps appeals only to spirits ( an /hetic temp]4 ,he is ! anti!sis ( robu/ heal?2 & yet !re lies 9 ! excess ( n]v\s s5sibility--9 ! pa?ological trait 9 8 art--precisely ! quality :i* inspires ! *>act]i/ic delicacy ( 8 e>li] works4 ,"h is no pupil ( ,piloty1 b our contempor>y4 ,9 _! anmic col\r 8 pictures h ! effect ( a song ( high1 f9e-drawn1 & tremul\s viol9 tones1 at once dulcet & pa9ful4 ,) _! ref9em5t & poli%1 _! subtle ta/e & intimate emotion1 s wond]fully m+l$1 !y rea* ! music ( pa9t+4 ,!y pa9t ! invisible1 !y revel 9 dreams4 ,9 a p]iod :i* play$ only =tissimo1 & 0 at pa9s to drum on all ! s5ses at once ) a di/ort+ passion1 ,max 01 next to ,feu]ba*1 ! fir/ :o prescrib$ = 8 compositions dolce1 adagio1 & mezza voce2 :o s\ght = ! ref9$1 subdu$ emotions 9 place ( ! emotions =tes4 ,illu/ration3 ,hanf/ngl4 ,,max4 ,,! ,,_s',s ,,greet+4 ,illu/ration3 ,grphis*e ,kun/4 ,,max4 ,,adagio4 ,^! pictures1 ! m subdu$ ! bett]1 make him ! =]unn] ( ! mo/ mod]n arti/s1 & assure 8 "n immortality mu* m c]ta9ly ?an ! great figure re/+ on an hi/orical or lit]>y basis4 ,_! delicate black1 gre51 & :ite simplicity has a nobl5ess ( col\r+ :i* /&s q alone 9 ! ,g]man pa9t+ ( ! c5tury1 & ?is1 toge!r ) _! ref9$ musical s5tim5t1 is probably to be set r to ! acc\nt ( 8 ,bohemian blood ?an ( 8 ,muni* tra9+4 ,& :il/ 9 ! heads ( 8 figures else:]e a c]ta9 monoton\s vacuity di/urbs "o's pleasure1 he appe>s "h z a psy*ic pa9t] ( ! highe/ m>k2 "o :o analys$ ) ! mo/ subtle delicacy all ! fleet+ nuances--s h>d to cat*--( melan*oly1 sil5t resignation1 ye>n+1 & hopelessness4 ,only ! figures ( ! ,engli% new pre-,raphaelites h ! same sad-look+1 dove-l eyes1 ! same spiritual lips1 tremul\s z ?\gh f weep+4 ,!re mu/ h be5 a div9e mom5t 9 8 exi/5ce :5 he fir/ fill$ ! lovelie/ =m ) ! expression ( ! holie/ suff]+1 ! sweete/ rev]ie1 ! deepe/ devotion1 & ! mo/ rapt ec/asy4 ,& if lat]1 :5 p c\ld n we>y ( ?is expression1 he took to produc+ x )\t real feel+ & by purely /]eotyp$ means1 t is1 at any rate1 a weakness ( temp]am5t :i* he %>es ) o!rs4 ,gabriel ,max is an individuality1 n ( ! fir/ rank inde$1 b he is "o2 & !re are n _m pa9t]s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ( :om t c be said4 ,he has (t5 und]l9$ too heavily1 pr9t$ too mu* 9 italics1 & done m homage to crude ?an to f9e ta/e4 ,b he has1 9 advance ( 8 contempor>ies1 9 ^: works ! good 0 s seldom new1 ! priceless virtue t he always gave some?+ new1 if n some?+ good4 ,8 art 0 )\t ance/ry1 an entirely p]sonal art2 some?+ :i* no "o _h be=e ,max1 & :i* aft] him few w produce aga94 ,a prov9ce :i* _h n yet be5 trodd51 ! prov9ce ( ! enigmatic & gho/ly1 0 op5$ up by him2 he set foot 9 x because he is a philosophic brood]1 fasc9at$ by ! magic ( ! uncanny4 ,8 /udio is l a *apel 9 :i* a my/]i\s s]vice = ! dead is be+ held1 or ! *amb] ( an anatomi/1 r ?an ! workroom ( a pa9t]4 ,! inve/igation ( dead birds occupi$ him aft] 8 ,prague days j z mu* z ! s\nd+ ( ! life ( ! human _s4 ,he liv$ at ! "t ) 8 p>5ts 9 an old1 gho/ly h\se1 & roam$ ab\t a great deal 9 ! picture gall]y ( ! ,/rah[ f\ndation2 & "h 9 lonely nights & my/]i\s picture-rooms !re arose t grave & sombre _s :i* runs ?r\gh 8 "w4 ,z a *ild at ! dea? ( 8 fa!r he _h 8 fir/ vision4 ,8 e>lie/ picture1 :i* he f9i%$ :ile at ! ,prague ,academy1 & sold aft]w>ds to ! ,art ,union !re = n9ety flor9s1 %[$ t he _h begun to move on 8 lat] c\rse3 ,ri*>d ! ,lion-he>t /eps to ! ,corpse ( 8 ,fa!r & x ble$s4 ,he 0 ?us inw>dly ripe :51 9 #ahfc1 he came to ,piloty 9 ,muni*1 &1 equipp$ ) ! te*nique ( ! latt]1 ref9$ 9 s delicate a mann] on ! traditional pa9t+ ( disa/]s4 ,& if a consci\s design on ! n]ves ( ! multitude frequ5tly ent]$ into 8 "w1 x 01 z a rule1 veil$ by captivat+ beauty & excell5ce ( pa9t+4 ,8 old] good pictures fasc9ate ! mo/ jad$ eye by _! rem>kably t5d] s5tim5t1 & ! my/ical spirituality ( 8 s(t & lovely girli% heads has be5 rea*$ by few 9 8 c5tury4 ,he is at ! same "t a col\ri/ ( complete individuality1 :o made pigm5ts ! subtilis$ & ductile means ( expression = 8 vision>y moods ( s\l4 ,he has br\ght into ! _w a num]\s /ock ( works prep>$ = ! m>ket2 & he has n disda9$ to pa9t glorifi$ wond]s ( ! fair1 l ! ,*ri/'s head ^u ! h&k]*ief ( ,v]onica1 ^: eyes seem to be clos$ by _! lids & are look+ out at ! same "t wide op54 ,b mu* z he s9n$1 he always rema9$ an arti/4 ,a curi\s1 int]e/+1 *>act]i/ic m9d1 "o ( ! few :o v5tur$ ev5 =ty ye>s ago to give !mselves out z *ildr5 ( _! "t1 9 ! firmam5t ( ,g]man1 & inde$ ( ,european art1 he appe>s z a /> %9+ by its own & n by borr[$ light1 z "o ^: incomm5surable magnitude x is t 8 tal5t _c be comp>$ ) any o!r4 ,t is :at gives him 8 arti/ic importance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,max4 ,a ,,w9t]',s ,,tale4 ,all ! less room c be claim$ by ! _m :o1 likewise foll[+ 9 _! subject-matt] ! l9es ( ,piloty1 get no fur!r ?an ! traditional cata/rophe4 ,n ,muni* only1 b all ,g]many1 lay = m ?an a decade aft] ! middle ( ! c5tury "u ! %ad[ ( hi/orical pa9t+1 :i* "h1 z 9 o!r c\ntries1 came z ! logical product ( an unhappy "t1 dissatisfi$ ) its own exi/5ce :5 ,g]many 0 m]ely a geographical expression1 & 9 ! pitiable mis]y ( t age ( /ate-conf$]ations1 dreamt ( a bett] future at s++ conte/s1 a?letic t\rnam5ts1 & rifle meet+s4 ,! m pov]ty-/rick5 ! "t 0 9 real action1 ! m vehem5t 0 ! desire to read ( action 9 books or to see x on canvas2 & 9 ?is respect hi/orical pa9t+ r5d]$ at t "t important political s]vices1 :i* are to be ackn[l$g$ ) gratitude2 j z ! hi/orical drama1 ! hi/orical ballad & ! hi/orical novel 71 all & sev]al1 means = ! expression ( ! deep-seat$ long+ ( a backw>d p = political lab\rs1 = de$s & = fame4 ,b ! arti/ic yield 0 n great] ?an else:]e4 ,:5 ! le>n$ 9 ! ?irties laid x d[n 9 doctr9aire fa%ion t1 ) ! de/ruction ( religi\s f]v\r begun by sci5ce1 ! old tradition>y sacr$ pa9t+ w\ld fall away ( itself & ! pa9t+ ( pr(ane hi/ory take its place1 !y ov]look$ f ! v beg9n+ ! fact t1 s long z ! mu* discuss$ wor%ip ( g5ius _h n actually become a reality ! pa9t+ ( hi/ory _h to fight aga9/ insup]able ob/acles4 ,:at con/itutes ! prime condition ( all art--t its cont5ts mu/ be "s fact vivid 9 consci\sness--%\ld1 at any rate1 det]m9e its limitations1 & ought to h conf9$ ! hi/orical picture to ! ne>e/ univ]sally kn[n subjects4 ,& :at happ5$ 0 j ! contr>y4 ,:5 ,del>o*e _h skimm$ ! cream1 8 successors 7 =c$ to se>* 9 ! great m>tyr book ( hi/ory = ev5ts :i* 7 m & m unkn[n & indiff]5t4 ,piloty took f anci5t hi/ory ,! ,dea? ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 ,! ,dea? ( ,cs>1 ,n]o at ! ,burn+ ( ,rome1 & ,! ,triumphal ,progress ( ,g]manicus2 & f m$ival hi/ory1 ,galileo 9 8 ,prison obs]v+ ! ,p]iodic ,return ( a ,sol> ,ray1 & ,columbus sight+ ,l&2 f ! hi/ory ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s' ,w>1 ,! ,f\ndation ( ! ,ca?olic ,league by ,duke ,maximilian ( ,bav>ia1 ,s5i be=e ! ,body ( ,wall5/e9 7! morn+ be=e ! battle at ! ,:ite ,m\nta91 ,s5i has come to c>ry away ,wall5/e9's body71 ,wall5/e9 on ! way to ,eg]1 & ,! ,news ( ! ,battle at ! ,:ite ,m\nta92 f ,engli% hi/ory1 ,! ,dea? ,s5t5ce ( ,m>y ,/u>t2 & f ,fr5* hi/ory1 ,! ,girondi/s on _! ,way to ! ,scaffold4 ,aft] ^! pictures 7 pa9t$ & _h _h _! success ! turn came1 9 ! ye>s imm$iately foll[+1 = subjects gr[+ /eadily m & m dre>y4 ,& z ,goe! held ! hi/orical to be ! mo/ ungrateful & dang]\s field1 s x n[ appe>$ z ?\gh laurels 7 to be ga!r$ !re only4 ,f ! political dismemb]m5t ( ! pres5t1 ,g]man arti/s 7 glad to seek refuge z f> back z possible 9 ! pa/1 & !y flung !mselves on ! new prov9ce ) su* fi]y zeal t1 aft] a few decades1 !re 0 a really appall+ numb] ( hi/orical pictures1 illu/rat+ e page ( ,s*loss]'s great hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,max ,adamo pa9t$ ,! ,ne!rl&i% ,nobles be=e ! ,tribunal ( ,alva1 ,! ,fall ( ,robespi]re 9 ! ,national ,conv5tion1 ,! ,pr9ce ( ,orange's ,la/ ,conv]sation ) ,egmont1 ,*>les ,i meet+ ,cromwell at ,*ild]ley1 ,! ,dissolution ( ! ,long ,p>liam5t1 & ,*>les ,i receiv+ ! ,visit ( 8 ,*ildr5 at ,maid5head2 ,julius ,b5czur3 ,! ,dep>ture ( ,ladislaus ,hunyadi1 & ,! ,baptism ( ,vajk1 aft]w>ds ,k+ ,/eph5 ! ,holy ( ,hung>y2 ,josef ,flugg53 ,! ,flight ( ! ,l&grav9e ,elizabe?1 ,milton dictat+ ,p>adise ,lo/1 & ,! ,l&grav9e ,m>g>e! tak+ leave ( h] ,*ildr52 by ,c>l ,gu/av ,hellqui/ !re 7 ,! ,dea? ( ! w\nd$ ,/5 ,/ure aft] ! ,battle ( ,bogesund 9 ! ,ml>see1 ,! ,emb>km5t ( ! ,body ( ,gu/avus ,adolphus1 & ! =c$ contribution ( ,wisby & ,huss go+ to ! ,/ake4 ,ern/ ,hildebr& _h ! ,electress ( ,br&5burg secretly tak+ ! sacram5t 9 bo? k9ds1 & ,tullia driv+ ov] ! corpse ( h] fa!r2 ,frank ,kir*ba* display$ ,duke ,*ri/oph] ! ,w>rior2 ,ludwig von ,lang5mantel3 ,! ,arre/ ( ! ,fr5* ,*emi/ ,lavoisi] "u ! ,reign ( ,t]ror1 & ,savon>ola's ,s]mon aga9/ ! ,luxury ( ! ,flor5t9es2 ,emanuel ,leutze3 a ,columbus be=e ! ,c\ncil ( ,salamanca1 ,raleigh's ,dep>ture1 ,cromwell's ,visit to ,milton1 ,! ,battle ( ,monm\?1 & ,! ,la/ ,fe/ival ( ,*>les ,i2 ,alex&] ,liez5may]3 ,! ,coronation ( ,*>les ,durazzo 9 ,/uhlweiss5burg1 & ,! ,canonisation ( ! ,l&grav9e ,elizabe? ( ,?r+52 ,wilhelm ,l9d5s*mit3 ,duke ,alva at ! ,c\ntess ( ,rudol/adt's1 ,francis ,i at ,pavia1 ,! ,dea? ( ,franz ,von ,sick+51 ,knox & ! ,scotti% ,image-break]s1 ,! ,assass9ation ( ,william ( ,orange1 ,walt] ,raleigh visit$ 9 8 ,cell by 8 ,family1 ,lu!r be=e ,c>d9al ,cajetan1 ,anne ,boleyn giv+ h] ,*ild ,elizabe? to ! c>e ( ,mat!w ,p>k]1 & ,! ,entrance ( ,al>ic into ,rome2 ,alex&] ,wagn]3 ,! ,dep>ture ( ,isabella ,zapolya f ,sieb5brg51 ,! ,entry into ,as*aff5burg ( ,gu/avus ,adolphus1 ,! ,w$d+ ( ,otto ( ,bav>ia1 ,! ,dea? ( ,titus ,dug[i*1 ,mat?ias ,corv9us ) 8 ,hunt+ ,tra91 & _m m ( ! same description4 ,illu/ration3 ,hanf/ngl4 ,,max4 ,,madonna4 ,0 x at all possible to make works ( art out ( su* mat]ial8 ,p]haps x 04 ,! real arti/ c d any?+4 ,:at he t\*es becomes gold1 = he has ! h& ( ,midas4 ,b j z c]ta9 x is t ! hi/orical pa9t+1 c>ri$ on by a jo9t-/ock company1 almo/ nev] got any fur!r ?an /age pa?os1 tailor+1 & glitt]+ spl5d\r ( mat]ial4 ,l _m ano!r ?+ :i* ! n9ete5? c5tury br\ght to bir?1 x 0 an arti/ic error1 :i* c\ntless p]sons paid = by ! wa/e ( _! lives4 ,! old] art knew no?+ ( su* a recon/ruction ( ! pa/4 ,if hi/orical subjects 7 pa9t$1 ! arti/s 7 almo/ ?r\gh\t contempor>ies ( ! subject t 0 to be treat$2 seldom did ! mat]ials belong to an epo* already pa/4 ,b 9 bo? cases ! "w 0 done by imm$iate intuition1 s9ce ev5 9 ! treatm5t ( matt]s long gone by ! pa9t]s nev] dream$ ( pa9t+ !m 9 ! _s ( pa/ times4 ,!y might depict ,jews1 or ,greeks1 or ,romans1 b !y always repres5t$ _! own c\ntrym5 9 ! surr\nd+s & co/ume ( _! own "t4 ,! sci5tific n9ete5? c5tury made ! fir/ dem& = hi/orical accuracy4 ,9 dress & furniture ?is c\ld be atta9$ ) ! assi/ance ( a cab9et ( engrav+s & a "w on co/ume4 ,:oev] w5t to "w 9 a v sci5tific _s c\ld ev5 borr[ f a museum ! g5u9e co/umes ( ,egmont & ,wall5/e94 ,b x 0 all ! h>d] arti/ically to quick5 into life ! m5 !mselves :o _h felt1 liv$1 & suff]$ 9 ! pa/4 ,! pa9t] c\ld n proce$ o!rwise ?an by drap+ a mod]n1 pr(essional model1 hav+ consult$ portraits1 draw+s1 or bu/s1 & hav+ s\ght ! aid ( a p]uke & false be>d4 ,an entirely reali/ic reproduction ( ?is masqu]ade1 h[ev]1 made only too evid5t ! contra/ betwe5 ! spl5did old g>m5t & ! memb] ( ! prolet>iat :o 0 dress$ up 9 x4 ,=1 grant$ t m5 ( ! pres5t h mu* 9 common ) ^? ( ! pa/1 e p]iod has none ! less its own type1 ev5 its own ge/ures1 :i* no co/ume c make "o =get4 ,& speak+ m]ely ( g5]al humanity1 !re is no "q t a /atesman at all times look$ diff]5t f a pr(essional model4 ,9 a v bad suit ( clo!s1 b 9 "o :i*1 at any rate1 fitt$ him1 & 9 :i* he 0 able to behave himself naturally1 ! poor fell[ came to ! /udio1 to feel1 = a few h\rs1 9 sat9 hose & a velvet d\blet1 l a c>nival figure4 ,:o 0 to give him ! easy knightly be>+ to play 8 "p suitably to ! occasion8 ,x 0 n possible 9 ?is way ev] to atta9 ! naturalness & fulness ( life ( ! old pa9t]s4 ,9 ,t]borg's ,peace ( ,we/phalia ev]y?+ is g5u9e & true & simple2 "h wig & wooll5 be>d h got ! upp] h&4 ,& if ! pa9t] proce$$ n z a !atrical tailor1 b z an hi/orian ( civilisation1 ! result 0 an ar*aic dryness4 ,= !n he 0 m]ely ?r[n back on ! great ma/]s ( ^? p]iods 9 :i* ! action took place1 &1 :ile he enl>g$ & col\r$ old bu/s or engrav$ portraits1 8 art 0 only second-h&4 ,& s ! only way out ( ! difficulty 0 to use ! model1 b to idealise him by g5]alis+ & s9k+ ! individual 9 ! univ]sally human1 noble1 & h]oic4 ,9 ?is way ! rem>kable family lik5ess ( all ^! heads becomes compreh5sible1 & x is /ill fur!r height5$ by t pref]5ce = a monoton\s type ( beauty :i*1 f ! p]iod ( ,classicism1 ent]$1 z x 71 into ! blood ( ^! pa9t]s4 ,! human physiognomy1 9 reality s v>i\s1 _h !n only "o mask = ! _m *>act]s :i* life creates4 ,!re 0 a fe> ( ugl9ess1 z if x 7 a spot ( dirt1 & ! p]sonages portray$ receiv$1 "o & all1 an icy trait ( ! ,beautiful4 ,! v>i\s ,egmonts1 ,wall5/e9s1 & ,*>les ! ,fir/s ( ,gallait & ,bifve1 ,del>o*e1 & ,piloty h n ! blood ( human be+s1 !y h n ! sc>s :i* are made by fate1 b are all alike 9 _! ,byronic turn ( ! head4 ,"o kn[s ! s-call$ "*-heads--,lu!r gaz+ upw>ds ) ! look ( "o /rong 9 fai?1 ,columbus discov]+ ,am]ica1 & ,milton 9 ^: head are see?+ all ! ?\ghts :i* dy+ m5 are wont to h 9 _! la/ mom5ts1--"o kn[s !m z ?or\ghly by he>t z "o kn[s all ! op5$ folios & ov]turn$ settles1 ! picturesquely drap$ tape/ry res]v$ = tragic fun]eal s]vice1 & t little box1 cov]$ ) brass & cat*+ ! fla%+ lights1 :i* con/itutes 9 ,belgium1 ,france1 & ,g]many ! iron casket ( all hi/orical pieces4 ,9 ! place ( ! inw>d ,%akespe>ian tru? ( ! figures1 peculi> to ! old ma/]s1 is ! outw>d tru? ( co/ume2 & ! hi/orical prop]ty man1 ^: highe/ aim is to dress ! great mom5ts ( univ]sal hi/ory 9 ! prescrib$ mann]1 has /epp$ into ! place ( ! arti/4 ,9 ! works ( ! old ma/]s ! hi/orical figures /& out ) s9c]ity z *>act]s ( fle% & blood1 despite ! want ( local col\r1 :il/ 9 ! mod]ns ! co/umes c]ta9ly are correct1 b ! figures are s mu* ! less cr$ible & vital4 ,beautiful may be ! folds ( ! g>m5t1 b m beautiful mu/ be t :i* !y conta94 ,clo!s d n make p1 & co/umes height5 no passions4 ,?us difficulties 7 heap$ on difficulties1 :5 impassion$ situations & mom5ts ( dramatic int5sity 7 to be pa9t$4 ,:oev] has rea*$ t height ( arti/ic p[] :]e ! arti/ may ) impunity put 8 model out ( 8 head--l ,delacroix1 gr&1 volcanic1 /ormy1 & excit$ to a fev] heat by 8 inspiration1--t man w be capable ( giv+ ! effect ( tru? to su* sc5es1 & ( runn+ ?r\gh ! :ole gamut ( emotion ) a cru%+ p[] ( conviction4 ,b ! jo9t-/ock hi/orical pa9t] _h to get 8 models to pull faces1 & !n no less labori\sly to r5d] ) 8 oils ^? grimaces s labori\sly produc$4 ,h5ce ! monoton\s & petrifi$ hi/rionic ec/asy ( ^! pictures1 ! noble indignation put on = %[1 & t di/ress+ ge/iculation4 ,z ! actor gives emphasis to 8 words f> m by ge/ures ?an is ! case 9 ord9>y life1 s "h also ! artificially impassion$ air ( ! heads 0 conv5tionally int]pret$ by correspond+ motions ( ! arms4 ,& ?us ! clos+ tableau 0 made ready3 ! danc]s lay _! h&s on _! he>ts ) t5d] & deep feel+2 ! t5or h]oes s+ t !y are prep>$ to die2 ! tyrants let _! deep basses vibrate1 & ! or*e/ra rages1 to close ) a %att]+ *ord at ! mom5t :5 ! h]o sets 8 foot ^u ! *e/ ( ! traitor2 !n come ! ,b5gal lights1 & !n ! curta9 falls4 ,:at a spectacle6--b1 alas1 a spectacle & no?+ m4 ,all ! emotions are artificial2 !y are op]a emotions3 ! pa9t]s are only clev] fell[s1 manufactur]s ( librettos & gay canvas2 !y %[ a great deal ( k & dext]ity1 b !y h only a head & no he>t4 ,/age requisites & pr(essional models c nev] take ! place ( ! free1 creative =ce ( imag9ation4 ,& if ,g]man pictures ( ?is sort h an effect almo/ m ins9c]e & !atrical ?an ! ,fr5*1 ! reason probably is t ge/ure--t ext]nal aid to ! expression ( feel+--is always m natural to ! ,lat9 ?an ! ,teutonic races1 & has !re=e1 ( itself1 an effect ( affectation 9 e ,g]man picture4 ,we "k t ,bism>ck1 ! ,teuton inc>nate1 ev5 9 ! mo/ excit$ ( p>liam5t>y spee*es1 nev] made any o!r movem5t ?an to rap n]v\sly ) 8 p5cil4 ,! ,g]man only becomes impassion$ :5 he lies4 ,! mo/ g5u9e ma/]s ( ,g]man blood h felt t "r well1 & !y h be5 hone/ en\gh to say x out4 ,a p]vad+ trait ( old ,g]man art is simplicity1 ! avoidance ( ev]y?+ impassion$ ev5 9 ! gr&e/ conception1 su* z ,dr] has4 ,if 9 ,leon>do's ,la/ ,supp] t]ror1 indignation1 curiosity1 & sorr[ are reflect$ by twelve heads & tw5ty-f\r h&s 9 movem5ts ( agitation :i* are always new1 9 ,dr]'s woodcut all ! limbs & s5ses ( ! disciples are p>alys$ at ! sorr[ful revelation ( ! ,savi\r2 x seem$ to !m desecration to break ! solemn1 oppressive /illness by noisy utt]ances ( op9ion & ha/y ge/ures4 ,& ! same ?+ is to be rem>k$ 9 e simil> picture ( ,rembr&t's2 "h too are only quiet & subdu$ movem5ts1 delicate sugge/ions & sil5ce4 ,! effect is great & sublime1 ! features ( ! ,savi\r e>ne/ & expressive1 b ,8 mi5 is )\t any ec/atic emphasis su* z a pa9t] ( ,romance blood w\ld h giv5 ,him4 ,only 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury--p>tly ?r\gh imitation ( ! ,italians 9 ,cornelius & ,kaulba*1 & !n ?r\gh imitation ( ! ,fr5* 9 ,piloty & 8 disciples--has ?is impassion$ness1 s oppos$ to ,g]man nature1 ent]$ into ,g]man art2 & x has borr[$ f ! op]a ! di/ortions by :i* x has express$ ! agitations ( ! _s4 ,no "o works ) impunity aga9/ ! gra9 ( 8 temp]am5t4 ,exagg]at$ & viol5t movem5ts1 o/5tati\s ge/ures ( false dignity1 h replac$ ! natural expressions ( life4 ,less pose1 p>ade1 & !atricality1 m ease1 tru?1 & quietude2 less insipid1 g5]alis$ beauty1 m =cible1 *>act]i/ic ugl9ess3 if art 0 n to be dr[n$ 9 a surge ( phrases1 ?is 0 ! pa? to be tak52 & ! transition 0 accompli%$ 9 ! hi/orical picture ( mann]s4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,! ,,victory ,,ov] ,,pseudo-,,idealism ,imm$iately ^u ! epo*-mak+ lab\rs ( ! hi/orians foll[$ ! fir/ romances t 7 ar*ological & dealt ) ! hi/ory ( civilisation2 & h& 9 h& ) ^! lit]>y productions !re 0 develop$--by ! side ( hi/orical pa9t+ prop]1 9 ,france1 ,belgium1 & ,g]many--a t5d5cy to repres5t ! life ( ! pa/1 n 9 its gr& dramatic action1 b 9 its famili> conc]ns4 ,9 ! "o case !re 0 hi/ory 9 its /ate uni=m1 9 ! o!r hi/ory 9 undress4 ,& :ile ! =m] class ( pa9t]s saw ! pa/ only 9 a condition ( unre/ & viol5t movem5t1 ! latt] began to ent] into ! details ( daily life1 & to repres5t x z x fl[$ by 9 times ( peace4 ,^? :o _h ! romantic bias turn$ to ! old arti/ic crafts4 ,z yet t bias consi/$ only 9 an en?usiasm = ! ta/eful civilisation ( a bygone age1 ) its poli%$ *>m ( luxuri\s h\sehold appo9tm5ts & pleas+ co/ume4 ,rooms 7 fill$ ) ,gobel9s & ri* /uffs1 h&some furniture & old pictures4 ,by ! rapid sale ( _! productions pa9t]s 7 plac$ 9 a position to acquire = !mselves at ! second-h& deal]s all ! beautiful ?+s !y pa9t$4 ,!y plac$ _! dress$-up models 9 front ( _! tape/ries1 & betwe5 _! cab9ets & tables4 ,/ress 0 laid on hi/orical accuracy 9 ! repres5tation ( ! usages & co/umes ( ! pa/1 n on dramatic action1 & 9 ?is respect ! hi/orical picture ( mann]s1 z oppos$ to hi/orical pa9t+1 m>k$ an advance t[>ds intimacy ( feel+4 ,! latt] /ill work$ f ! ab/ract4 ,! pa9t] read a book & look$ out = tell+ passages4 ,he idealis$ models1 to l5d 8 picture ! "* ( great art4 ,x 0 always ! illu/ration ( und]ly+ ideas4 ,9 ?is new k9d ( picture1 on ! contr>y1 ! conception ( a "w ( art 0 giv51 by ! p]fect$ repres5tation ( any "p ( ! visible _w1 7 x only ! corn] ( a /udio elaborately & artificially arrang$4 ,! hi/orical picture ( mann]s no long] depict$ ! meet+ ( ho/ile =ces1 b ei!r ! h]oes ( hi/ory or ! nameless m5 ( ! pa/ 9 _! daily act & de$1 & s accu/om$ ! public gradually to int]e/ !mselves 9 p :o did n act ) hi/rionic passion1 b conduct$ !mselves quietly & sob]ly l m5 ( ! pres5t "t4 ,! place ( ! dramatic 0 tak5 by ^? phases ( life :i* are pleasant & smoo?4 ,at ! same "t !re 0 no ne$ to be ?r[n back on conv5tional idealisation1 & x 0 possible to br+ p dress$ up = ! occasion directly into ! picture1 j z !y sat !re1 s9ce ! contra/ betwe5 ! pr(essional model & ! old-fa%ion$ dress made itself less felt on ?is small] scale ( art4 ,?us 0 a*iev$ ! transition f ! h]oic hi/orical art ( ! fir/ half ( ! n9ete5? c5tury to t famili> & m human art ( ! second half1 :i* no long] fl$ = help to ! pa/1 b s\ght a simpl] ideal 9 reality4 ,fir/ ( all 9 ,france1 f ! side ( ! solemnly e>ne/ gr\p ( ,academicians1 !re /epp$ =w>d c]ta9 arti/s :o mov$ 9 ! old _w q at _! ease1 & began to pa9t simple little pictures f ! daily life ( antiquity1 in/ead ( ! great o/5tati\s canvases ( ,david & ,+res4 ,9 lit]ature _! p>allels are ,pons>d & ,augi]1 :o 9 _! com$ies br\ght antique life ^u ! /age1 ! "o 9 ,horace et ,lydie1 ! o!r 9 ,la ,cigu & ,le ,j\eur de ,flte4 ,*>les ,gleyre approa*$ ne>e/ to ! /rict academical /yle ( ,+res4 ,n ev5 by a t\r 9 ! ,ea/ did he all[ himself to be l$ away f ! ,classical mann]1 & z head ( a great & lead+ /udio he recognis$ x z ! task ( 8 life to h& on to ! pres5t g5]ation ! traditions ( ! s*ool ( ,+res4 ,gleyre 0 a man ( s\nd culture1 :o dur+ a soj\rn 9 ,italy :i* la/$ = ye>s1 _h exam9$ ,etruscan vases & ,greek /atues ) un9t]mitt5t zeal1 /udi$ ! ,italian classics1 & copi$ all ,raphael4 ,hav+ come back to ,p>is1 he nev] drew a l9e )\t hav+ fir/ assur$ himself h[ ,raphael w\ld h proce$$ 9 ! giv5 case4 ,& ?is /riv+ aft] purity ( =m has robb$ 8 works 7,nymph ,e*o1 ,h]cules at ! ,feet ( ,omphale1 & ! l7 almo/ entirely ( ease1 fre%ness1 & naturalness4 ,gleyre became1 l ,ary ,s*eff]1 a victim to /yle4 ,he _h 9 him--8 ,ev5+ ( #ahdc is suffici5t to %[ x--a t5d]1 dreamy1 & contemplative _s4 ,! feel+s to :i* he wi%$ to give expression 7 8 own1 & ! m fragrant1 romantic1 & vapor\sly indi/9ct !y 71 ! m did !y suff] f ! /iff academical l9e 9 :i* he s m]cilessly b\nd !m4 ,only 9 8 ,orpheus torn by ! ,bac*antes has he rais$ himself to a c]ta9 neo-,greek elegance4 ,l\is ,hamon /&s at ! end ( ?is pa?1 :i* l$ gradually f ! /rictness ( =m *>act]i/ic ( ! idealism ( ,+res to incid5ts ?\ght out 9 p]fectly mod]n fa%ion & laid 9 a primitive era only because ( ! advantages ( co/ume (f]$ by ! antique4 ,! grace ( 8 pictures is mod]n2 _! ,classicism is a disguise4 ,to robu/ natures 8 art c make b little appeal4 ,he has depriv$ nature ( h] /r5g? & m>r[1 & pa9t+ ( its peculi> qualities1 trans=m+ !m into a col\r$ dream1 a t9t$ mi/4 ,9 ,hamon's modell+ !re is an unc]ta9ty1 9 8 col\r a sickly weakness & meagre effem9acy1 :i* give to 8 figures & l&scapes ! appe>ance ( be+ dissolv$ 9 vap\r4 ,ev]y?+ firm is tak5 f !m2 ! /ones look l wadd+1 ! plants l soap1 ! figures l *9a dolls :i* w\ld fly into ! air at ! lea/ gu/ ( w9d4 ,nev]!less !re are times :5 8 confection]y has a sympa!tic grace4 ,:at di/+ui%es him is some?+ simple1 pure1 y\?ful1 fre%1 & *ildlike4 ,8 col\r is light] & m delicate ?an ,gleyre's4 ,none b bl5d$ col\rs su* z light blue & light yell[ m+le 9 ! h>mony ( :ite tones4 ,! sev]e antique /yle has be5 giv5 a pretty rococo turn3 8 ,greek girls1 wom51 & *ildr5 are l figures ( ,svres porcela92 ! sc5es 9 :i* he gr\ps !m are pleas+1--sports ( fancy br\ght =w>d 9 a ,grecian g>b1 ( an affect$ s5su\sness & a coquetti% grace4 ,8 prettie/ picture 0 probably ,my ,si/]'s n at ,home--,greece se5 ?r\gh a gauze transp>5cy 9 ! !atre4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,hamon4 ,,my ,,si/]',s ,,n ,,at ,,home4 7,by p]mission ( ,messrs4 ,b\ssod1 ,valadon ,co41 ! own]s ( ! copyright47 ,lon ,grme has also a ta/e = borr[+ 8 subjects f ! antique2 be+ a pupil ( ,del>o*e1 h[ev]1 he has treat$ n my?ological b hi/orical episodes ( antiquity4 ,8 ,cock-fight1 ,phryne be=e ! ,areopagus1 ,! ,augurs1 ,! ,gladiators1 ,alcibiades at ! ,h\se ( ,aspasia1 & ,! ,dea? ( ,cs>1 toge!r ) pictures f ,egypt1 are 8 mo/ *>act]i/ic works3 ,+res & ,del>o*e ^u a small] scale4 ,he %>es ) ! "o 8 le>n$ly p$antic composition1 & ) ! o!r 8 ta/e = anecdote4 ,x may be rem>k$ t 9 ^! same ye>s ,emile ,augi] 0 active 9 lit]ature1 b t ,augi]1 liv+ 9 ! same epo* ( mod]n life1 is f> m p[]ful & animat$ 9 8 ,classical pieces4 ,grme's art is an intellig5t1 frigid1 calculat+ art4 ,9 execution he does n rise above a petty /udy ( =m & an academic discipl9e4 ,8 draw+ is accurate1 & he has ev5 succe$$ 9 giv+ 8 figures a c]ta9 natural tru? :i* is 9 advance ( ! g5]alisation ( ! classic ideal2 yet f fir/ to la/ he is want+ 9 e quality z a pa9t]4 ,8 pictures ( ! ,ea/ are h>d l&scapes1 9 :i* m5 or animals1 h>d] /ill--un=tunate1 et]nally petrifi$ be+s--/& out abruptly4 ,he draws & /ipples1 he works l an engrav] 9 l9e1 & goes ov] :at he has pa9t$ aga9 & aga9 ) a f9e & feeble bru%4 ,he has an eye = =m1 b ! effect ( light ^u ! body escapes him4 ,8 pictures !re=e give ! impression ( *9a1 & 8 col\r is h>d & dead4 ,:at di/+ui%es him is a wat*ful obs]vation1 a *ill+ correctness1 enclos+ ev]y?+ 9 *>act]less outl9es4 ,& ?is m>ble coldness rema9$ ) him lat] :51 mov+ ) ! developm5t ( hi/orical pa9t+1 he gradually took to work+ on m tragical subjects4 ,ev5 ! mo/ viol5t subjects are depict$ ) a da9ty grace1 & ) a smile he s]ves up decapitat$ heads1 prep>$ ) a pa9t+ la maitre d'htel1 ^u a gold-rimm$ porcela9 plate z smoo? z glass4 ,ano!r pa9t] ( ar*ological g5re is ,gu/ave ,b\lang]1 :o aft] ext5sive /udies 9 ,pompeii gave a vogue to ^? antique int]iors & sc5es ( ,pompeian /reet life n[ associat$ ) ! "n ( ,alma-,tadema4 ,direct desc5dants ( ,del>o*e & ,rob]t ,fleury 7 ^? :o ?rew !mselves en?usia/ically into treat+ ! physiognomy ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies1 & devot$ ! mo/ ard5t /udy to ! weapons1 co/umes1 & furniture ( ^? epo*s4 ,!y nev] we>i$ 9 repres5t+ ,franois ,i & ,h5ri ,,iv 9 ! mo/ v>i$ situations ( life1 nor 9 se>*+ ! biographies ( great arti/s & s*ol>s = episodes wor? pa9t+4 ,especially popul> subjects 7 ^? ( celebrat$ pa9t]s at _! meet+ ) contempor>ies ( high /ation3 ,raphael & ,mi*ael ,angelo com+ across ea* o!r 9 ! ,vatican1 ,murillo z a boy1 ! "y ,rib]a f\nd draw+ 9 ! /reet by a ,c>d9al1 ,bell9i 9 8 /udio amid all mann] ( preci\s objects1 ,*>les ,v & ,titian1 ,mi*ael ,angelo t5d+ 8 s]vant1 & o!rs ( ! same k9d4 ,! numb] ( pa9t]s :o 7 active 9 ?is prov9ce is z great z ! numb] ( anecdotes :i* are told ( di/+ui%$ m54 ,!y spread !mselves ov] v>i\s c\ntries1 l ! sw>ms ( insects hat*$ on a summ]'s day amid luxuriant vegetation1 & !reby !y r5d] ! task ( selection m difficult to ! hi/orian4 ,9 ,france !re work$ ,alex&] ,hesse1 ,camille ,roqueplan1 & ,*>les ,comte2 9 ,belgium1 ,alex&] ,m>kelba* & ,flor5t ,willems4 ,m>kelba*1 a pupil ( ,wapp]s1 9 addition to episodes f ,engli% hi/ory1 specially devot$ himself to pa9t+ ! %oot+ fe/ivals ( ! old ,ne!rl&i% city gu>ds1 9 :i* ent]prise ! ,doel5 pieces ( ,frans ,hals did him excell5t s]vice 9 ! matt] ( co/ume4 ,flor5t ,willems1 :o1 z a re/or]1 saturat$ himself ) ! mann] ( ! old ma/]s1 0 p>ticul>ly popul> on acc\nt ( ! smoo? f9i% he gave to 8 modi% ladies1 cavali]s1 soldi]s1 pa9t]s1 s\brettes1 & patrician matrons ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies4 ,all ! ri*ly col\r$ sat91 brocade1 & velvet co/umes ( ^! p]sonages1 toge!r ) ! tape/ry1 ! curta9s1 & ! furniture ( _! dwell+s1 he _h ! secret ( reproduc+ 9 su* a fa%ion t he 0 long e/eem$ a mod]n ,t]borg4 ,among/ ! ,g]mans1 ,l4 von ,hagn 0 ! mo/ delicate ( ^! arti/s1 & ! graceful com$ies ( real life :i* he pa9t$1 transplant+ !m into ! ,italian ,r5aissance or ! ,fr5* rococo p]iod1 h (t5 great di/9ction ( col\r+4 ,gu/av ,spang5b]g1 aft] ! lucky b isolat$ success he _h made ) ,! ,track ( ,dea?1 devot$ himself to ! ,re=mation p]iod2 & ,c>l ,beck] to ! ,v5etian ,r5aissance1 f :i* he occasionally made an excursion into ! ,g]man4 ,^! & _m o!rs c\ld be discuss$ ) m p>ticul>ity if _! pictures1 smoo? z col\r$ pr9ts1 & neatly f9i%$ 9 _! own paltry way1 7 n s mu* bel[ ! /&>d ( gall]ies4 ,= !m also ! incid5t to be repres5t$1 ) ! p]sonages conc]n$ 9 x1 0 ! pr9cipal matt]1 & n pure pa9t+4 ,^! fett]s ^u true art 7 fir/ %ak5 (f by ! h&s ( ! foll[+ pa9t]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,g,r,,me4 ,,! ,,cock-,,fight4 ,( ! g5]ation ( ! em95t ,flemi% arti/s ( #ahcj ,h5drik ,leys is ! "o ^: fame has be5 mo/ endur+4 ,born 9 ,antw]p on #ah? ,febru>y #ahae1 at fir/ de/9$ = ! prie/hood1 & !n 9 #ahbi admitt$ to ! /udio ( ,f]d9& de ,braekele]s1 he _h made 8 db 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?irties ) a pair ( hi/orical pictures4 ,^! inde$ reveal$ little ( ! p[] :i* he ev9c$ lat]1 b !y furni%$ "s indication ( :at he 0 aim+ at4 ,"h 7 none ( ! skirmi%es--s popul> at ! "t--9 :i* blood fl[s z f ! pipes ( a f\nta92 ! combatants f\ght ) decorum & mod]ation1 & less f conviction ?an to ju/ify ! helmets & cuirasses :i* _h be5 fet*$ f ! w>drobe4 ,9 bo? ( !m1 on ! o!r h&1 ! backgr\nd--a m$ival t[n ) tortu\s alleys1 lant]ns1 & picturesque tav]ns--0 mo/ lov+ly treat$4 ,"h 0 reveal$ a ?or\ghly ,g]man delight 9 m9ute detail4 ,in/ead ( subord9at+ ! accessories z o!rs did1 ) ! object ( ?r[+ ! pr9cipal p]sonages into relief1 ,leys repres5t$ an entire corn] ( ! _w at once1 giv+ full di/9ctness to ! smalle/ ?+s1 d[n to ! implem5ts ( daily life1 ! grasses & fl[]s ( ! l&scape1 & ! v>iegat$ corn]-/ones ( ! old h\se-fronts1 ^: picturesque por*es & lattices bulge into ! crook$ lanes4 ,8 next picture1 ,! ,massacre ( ! ,lw5 ,magi/rates1 0 a /ill fur!r dep>ture f prec$5t1 s9ce--q 9 ,callot's mann]--x m+l$ ) ! pr9cipal drama a mass ( grotesque episodes4 ,! born g5re pa9t] 0 ann\nc$ by ^! traits2 & n less /rik+ 0 ! =m ( ! art1 :i* 0 a ?or\gh dep>ture f ! mann] ( ! pa9t]s ( ! gr& /yle4 ,! resuscitation ( a national art1 :i* _h be5 ! life-long aim ( ,gu/av ,wapp]s1 :o 0 twelve ye>s 8 s5ior1 0 :at ,leys also set up z ! goal ( 8 arti/ic endeav\rs4 ,b _! ways divid$4 ,wapp]s 0 pr9cipally inspir$ by ,rub5s1 :ile ,leys atta*$ himself at fir/ to ! ,dut* pa9t]s4 ,a visit made to ,am/]dam 9 #ahci _h help$ him to an und]/&+ ( ,rembr&t & ,piet] de ,hoogh4 ,he foll[$ !m :51 9 #ahde1 he pa9t$ 8 ,w$d+ 9 ! ,sev5te5? ,c5tury--a ri* display ( gleam+ hang+s1 gold5 plate1 & r$-plu% furniture1 amid :i* move h&somely dress$ p1 w$d+ gue/s1 & viol9 play]s4 ,! ef=t to approa* ,piet] de ,hoogh or ,jan van d] ,me] is app>5t 9 ! managem5t ( light2 ! treatm5t ( drap]y rem9ds "o ( ,mi]is & ,metsu4 ,ano!r pair ( anecdotic pictures f ! sev5te5? c5tury all[ "o to foll[ ! progress by :i* ,leys1 "u ! influ5ce ( ,dut* models1 gradually develop$ t p[] & ma/]y ( col\r+1 t complet5ess ( pictorial effect1 & t s(t treatm5t ( subdu$ light :i* 7 ju/ly admir$ 9 8 fir/ works4 ,9 p>ticul>1 c]ta9 works f\nd$ on ! leg5ds ( pa9t]s & mon>*s--,rub5s1 ,rembr&t1 or ,frans ,floris visit$ 9 _! /udio by "s p]sonage ( high /ation--made him ! lion ( ! ,p>is ,salon4 ,9 #aheb he /ood at ! summit ( 8 fame2 he 0 recognis$ z "o ( ! fir/ ( pa9t]s1 bo? 9 ,belgium & 9 o!r c\ntries1 & 0 ev]y:]e load$ ) hon\rs4 ,!n he ca/ 8 sl\gh & ent]$ on 8 second mann]4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,h5drik ,,leys4 ,aft] he _h foll[$ ,rembr&t = m ?an a decade he turn$ f him to ca/ himself sudd5ly into ! arms ( ! ,g]man ma/]s ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 &1 accord+ to 8 own say+1 f t "t =w>d to become an arti/4 ,dur+ a t\r ?r\gh ,g]many1 9 #aheb1 he _h become famili> ) ,dr] & ,crana*2 9 ,dresd51 ,witt5b]g1 & ,eis5a* !re hov]$ r\nd him ! great figures ( ! ,re=mation p]iod4 ,half-effac$ memories ( 8 c\ntrym51 ! bro!rs ,van ,eyck & ,qu5t9 ,matsys1 became once m fre%1 & drove him decisively =w>d on 8 new c\rse4 ,! ,fe/ival at ,otto ,v5ius's & ,erasmus 9 8 ,/udy 7 ! fir/ /eps 9 ?is direction1 & :5 soon aft]w>ds he came =w>d ) 8 co/ume pictures1 ,lu!r z a ,*ori/] 9 ,eis5a* & ,lu!r 9 8 ,h\sehold at ,witt5b]g1 e "o 0 enraptur$ ) ! exquisite tru?fulness ( 8 portrayal ( ar*aic life4 ,at ! ,_w's ,exhibition ( #ahee he _h ano!r magnific5t success ) ?ree pictures execut$ 9 old ,g]man /yle4 ,^! 7 ,! ,mass 9 ,hon\r ( ! ,antw]p ,burgoma/] ,b>!l de ,haze1 ,! ,walk be=e ! ,gate1 & ,new ,ye>'s ,day 9 ,fl&]s4 ,8 return f ,p>is1 :]e he 0 ! only =eign] except ,cornelius :o _h receiv$ ! great gold m$al1 took ! =m ( a triumphal progress 9 ,antw]p1 :]e he 0 greet$ ) illum9ations1 tor*light processions1 & laurel wrea?s made 9 gold4 ,he 0 held to be ! mo/ em95t ma/] s9ce ,qu5t9 ,matsys1 ! ,jan van ,eyck ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,9 ! ,brussels ,salon he appe>$ z a pr9ce ( art1 be=e :om criticism made obeisance1 & = ^: pictures special %r9es 7 erect$4 ,he 0 /rik+1 n m]ely z an arti/1 b z a man3 8 /ately figure 0 kn[n to e "o 9 ,antw]p1 & 0 po9t$ out to /rang]s z "o ( ! sights ( ! place4 ,9 #ahfg1 :5 he aga9 receiv$ ! m$al 9 ,p>is1 ! ,antw]p ,c]cle ,arti/ique _h a m$al /ruck to commemorate an ev5t ( su* importance 9 ,belgian art4 ,8 decease1 on #be? ,augu/ #ahfi1 ?rew ! :ole t[n into m\rn+2 ! w9d[s 9 ! t[n hall1 :]e he _h pa9t$ 8 la/ pictures1 7 hung ) black1 & ! ann\ncem5t ( 8 dea? pa/$ up on great plac>ds at ! /reet corn]s4 ,leys is ons ran ! phrase 9 ! spee* made by ! burgoma/] ov] 8 op5 grave4 ,to-day 8 /atue /&s on ! ,b\lev>d ,leys1 & 8 h\se is not$ d[n 9 ,ba$eck]1 l ^? ( ,matsys & ,floris1 ,rub5s & ,jorda5s4 ,leys 0 ?us a fav\rite *ild ( =tune4 ,en?usia/ic applause %[]$ him ) fame & laurels4 ,b x is natural t po/]ity %\ld f9d a good deal to cancel 9 ^! titles ( hon\r4 ,illu/ration3 ,seemann1 ,leipzig4 ,,leys4 ,a ,,family ,,fe/ival4 ,?r\gh ,leys ! hi/ory ( art 0 n enri*$ ) any?+ new4 ,8 delicate art--sev]e 9 outl9e--:i* goes back directly to ! peculi> mann] ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 is 9 itself n )\t m]it4 ,b h[ mu* ( x belongs to ! n9ete5? c5tury8 ,to :at ext5t has ! pa9t] /ood indep5d5t & on 8 own peculi> gr\nd8 ,he c\ld draw a ,van ,eyck :i* might be tak5 = an orig9al4 ,he seems l an old ma/] gone a/ray by *ance among/ ! mod]ns4 ,8 k ( ! sixte5? c5tury is m>vell\s4 ,9 fact1 he 0 a vision>y :o saw ! pa/ z cle>ly z ?\gh he _h liv$ 9 ! mid/ ( x4 ,! m5 he pa9ts are 8 contempor>ies4 ,he has drawn !m f life 9 ! ye> ( grace #adic1 & !y make no ge/ure nor grimace :i* might n be f\r hundr$ ye>s old4 ,yet t means t he 0 n an orig9al g5ius1 b m]ely "o :o gave an adroit reproduction ( a =mula already 9 exi/5ce4 ,& mu* z he affect$ to be ! contempor>y ( ,lucas ,crana* & ,qu5t9 ,matsys1 he _h n _! simplicity3 :]e !y pa9t$ life he pa9t$ ! %ad[ ( _! realism4 ,surr\nd$ by old pictures1 brevi>ies1 & missals1 he cont5t$ himself ) copy+ ! /ill =ms ( ,go?ic m9iatures in/ead ( liv+ nature4 ,he w5t s deeply into ! pictures ( ! ,antw]p t[n hall t he foll[$ ! old ma/]s 9 _! v errors ( p]spective2 & ?\gh ev5 ! mo/ *ildi% confusion betwe5 =egr\nd & backgr\nd does n di/urb "o's pleasure 9 !m1 because !y knew no bett]1 x is an affectation 9 him1 ) 8 mod]n k1 int5tionally to make ! same mi/akes4 ,in/ead ( be+ an imitator ( nature1 he is an imitator ( _! imitation--a g\rmet 9 pictorial ar*aism4 ,illu/ration3 ,,leys4 ,,! ,,arm\r]4 ,yet x 0 exactly ?is uncompromis+ ar*aism :i* 0 ( importance = 8 "t1 & among/ 8 contempor>ies x gives him significance z a re=m]4 ,he is ! only "o among/ !m :o really repres5ts ! ,flemi% race4 ,wapp]s 0 m]ely a ,flem+ f ,p>is1 :o %ook (f ! yoke ( ! ,greeks to be> t ( ! ,fr5*4 ,del>o*e liv$ aga9 9 ,l\is ,gallait1 ! pupil ( ,david4 ,_! works _h ! s5tim5t ( ,fr5* trag$ies1 & an artificial neatness :i* completely dep>t$ f ! tru? ( nature2 ! figures 7 comb$ & wa%$ & bru%$ & poli%$1 ! ge/ures 7 hi/rionic1 ! col\rs ton$ 9 a /]eotyp$ fa%ion to effect a pleas+ ensemble4 ,leys endeav\r$ to be true4 ,9 8 pictures he _h no wi% to express ideas1 b m]ely to br+ back a fragm5t ( ! good old "t 9 all its brightness ( life & col\r4 ,& :il/ z a col\ri/ he 0 b5t ^u avoid+ uni=mity ( tone & giv+ ev]y?+ its natural "*1 z a draughtsman1 too1 he set up1 9 opposition to ! m patrician flu5cy ( o!rs1 ! citiz5-l angul>ity ( an art un9flu5c$ by ! ,c9quec5to4 ,z 9 ,crana*1 ,dr]1 & ,holbe91 "o f9ds 9 8 pictures pr(iles t are vividly true2 h>% & (t5 unwieldy heads1 wr9kl$ faces1 & heavy1 massive %\ld]s re/+ on /unt$ bodies4 ,! human =m1 ) fat /oma* & great horny h&s1 seems almo/ de=m$4 ,ev]y?+ :i* ! /ruggle = exi/5ce has made ( ! image ( ,god is express$ 9 ! works ( ,leys = ! fir/ "t s9ce ,david4 ,ev5 8 ,massacre ( ! ,lw5 ,magi/rates %[$ %>p1 naturali/ic physiognomies 9 ! mid/ ( its confus$ composition1 & 8 ,b>!l de ,haze1 fifte5 ye>s aft]1 fully exemplifi$ ?is /riv+ aft] *>act]i/ic & tru?ful expression4 ,none ( 8 contempor>ies has %[n himself m cool & indiff]5t to conv5tional & graceful pr(ile & beauty 9 ! draw+ ( heads4 ,hatr$ ( ! academic model made ,leys br+ art back to its s\rces4 ,! hide\sness1 s (t5 *ildi%1 9 primitive pictures 0 de>] to him ?an all ,raphael4 ,by ?is emphasis+ ( ! *>act]i/ic 9 attitude & ! expression ( ! face he %[s himself1 al?\gh he pa9t$ hi/orical subjects1 ! v antipode ( ! pa9t] ( ! hi/orical s*ool1 &1 at ! same "t1 "o ( ^? :o effect$ ! transition :i* l$ to ! mod]n /yle4 ,9 sett+ up qua9tness & f>-fet*$ ar*aism aga9/ ! mann]ism ( ! ideali/s1 ,leys accu/om$ ! eye aga9 to recognise t !re 0 some?+ tru] ?an nobility ( l9e & ari/ocratic pose2 &1 z he appeal$ to ! old ma/]s z accomplices1 x 0 impossible = /hetic criticism to be (f5d$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,leys4 ,,"m ,,& ,,*ild4 ,9 ,france ! transition f ! absolutely beautiful to ! *>act]i/ic1 f types to individuals1 0 br\ght ab\t f v>i\s sides4 ,on ! "o side ,romanticism _h oppos$ to ! antique /yle t ( ! ,flemi% pa9t]s4 ,on ! o!r side1 )9 ,classicism itself1 !re _h be5 a *ange f ! antique & ! ,c9quec5to to ! e>ly ,italian r5aissance4 ,a new _w 0 op5$ to sculpture by ! ,flor5t9e ,s+] ( ,paul ,dubois4 ,! m arti/s buri$ !mselves 9 ! /udy ( ^? e>ly pione]s ( realism1 ,donatello1 ,v]ro*io1 della ,robbia1 & ! o!r ma/]s ( ! ,quatroc5to1 ! m !y f\nd !mselves fasc9at$ by ! sp>kl+ animation ( ^! creations1 & s\ght to transf] x freely into _! own "w4 ,! fifte5? c5tury1 ) ! en]getic =ce ( its figures1 its close grasp ( nature1 & its pi?y *>act]isation1 :i* did n ev5 %r9k f ugl9ess1 induc$ pa9t]s to g back m ?an !y _h =m]ly done to ! s\rces ( real life & to br+ some?+ ( its directness into _! creations4 lie ,delaunay began to look on nature ) an eye less b5t on mak+ ab/ractions & reg>d+ all ?+s f ! /&po9t ( /yle2 he began to appreh5d m cle>ly h] individual peculi>ities & to reproduce !m m truly ?an _h be5 done by ! frigid s*ool :i* ca/ ev]y?+ into ! m\ld ( ,classicism4 ,b ,erne/ ,meissoni] w5t a /ep fur!r :5 by 8 rococo pictures he set ! ,dut* tradition on a level ) ! ,flemi% & ,e>ly ,italian z a =mative influ5ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,meissoni]4 ,,! ,,man ,,at ,,! ,,w9d[4 ,a picture mu/ ei!r be v big or v small if x is to attract att5tion amid ! bu/le ( exhibitions4 ,?is 0 probably ! consid]ation :i* l$ ,meissoni] to 8 peculi> class ( subjects1 & induc$ him to come =w>d ) m9ute ,ne!rl&i% cab9et-pieces at ! "t :5 ! ,romantici/s 7 issu+ _! huge manife/oes4 ,he came ( a family ( petty tradespeople1 & 9 8 y\? he is said to h tak5 ov] 8 fa!r's bus9ess1 a trade 9 colonial produce4 ,e morn+ at eight o'clock punctual he 0 at ! %op desk1 & kept ! books & copi$ bus9ess lett]s1 & 9 ?is way accu/om$ himself to t pa9/ak+ & uni=m c>efulness :i* 0 *>act]i/ic ( him to ! end ( 8 life4 ,8 tea*]1 ,cogniet1 0 )\t influ5ce on him4 ,ev5 9 8 y\?1 :5 !re w5t =? ! battle-cry ( ,a ,guelf1 a ,ghibell9e6 ,a ,delacroix1 an ,+res6 ,meissoni] sat quietly 9 ! ,l\vre & copi$ ,jan van ,eyck's ,madonna f ,autun4 ,& a ,ne!rl&i% little ma/] did he rema9 all 8 days4 ,he fir/ e>n$ 8 bread z an illu/rator1 b aft] #ahcd he began to exhibit all mann] ( pieces f ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xiv & ,l\is ,,xv--! ,b\rgeois holl&ais r5dant ,visite au ,b\rgme/re ( #ahcd1 ! ,*ess ,play]s ( ,holbe9's ,"t1 #ahce1 ! ,monk at ! ,sickb$1 #ahch1 ! ,engli% ,doctor & ! ,man ,read+1 #ahdj4 ,! ,salon ( #ahda 0 = him :at t ( #ahbd _h be5 = ,delacroix & ,+res1 & t ( #ahca = ,del>o*e3 ! cradle ( 8 fame4 ,! ,*ess ,p>ty 7#ag cm4 high & #aa cm4 broad7 0 ! mo/ celebrat$ picture ( ! exhibition4 ,! great ,ne!rl&i% little ma/]s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 till !n sc>cely kn[n & little appreciat$1 7 br\ght out = comp>ison4 ,has ,t]borg or ,mi]is or ,meissoni] done ! great] "w8 0 ! "q4 ,p m>vell$ at ! %>pness ( ?is %ort-sight$ eye :i* _h a p]ception = ! smalle/ details4 ,good heav5s6 look at ! way t's be5 done1 said ! ,phili/9e1 tak+ a magnify+ glass2 & felt himself a connoisseur if ! curator at 8 elb[ call$ out1 ,n too ne>6 ,ev5 8 fir/ pictures _h an accuracy & f9i% :i* defies description4 ,x seem$ z if a mo/ admirable ,ne!rl&i% pa9t] 9 m9iature scale _h aris54 ,! execution ( 8 design 9 col\rs 0 z sl[1 c>eful1 & labori\s z 7 8 prep>atory /udies = co/ume3 e t\* 0 alt]$ & alt]$ aga92 _m a picture :i* 0 almo/ ready 0 ?r[n aside1 scrap$ out1 & completely reca/4 ,n hot-head$ en?usia/s1 b connoisseurs1 has ,meissoni] conqu]$ 9 ?is fa%ion4 ,^? read]s1 philosoph]s1 c>d-play]s1 dr9k]s1 smok]s1 flute-play]s & viol9-play]s1 engrav]s1 pa9t]s & amateurs1 horsem5 & f>m-s]vants1 brawl]s & bravoes1 f ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies1 :i* he pa9t$ ye> aft] ye>1 7 soon ! mo/ covet$ pictures 9 e sup]ior private collection4 ,9 #ahhd he 0 able to celebrate 8 jubilee z an arti/ ) an exhibition ( "o hundr$ & fifty pictures ( ! k9d4 ,& z !y w\ld h gone dirt *eap if !y _h be5 b\ght = _! weight 9 gold1 ! public accu/om$ itself to buy !m = _! weight 9 ?\s&-franc notes4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,meissoni]4 ,a ,,man ,,read+4 ,! pres5t age no long] looks up to ^! ex]cises ( pati5ce ) ! same va/ admiration1 b x %\ld n !re=e be =gott5 :at ,meissoni] 0 = 8 "t4 ,to beg9 )1 ?\gh pa9t$ at a "t :5 pa9t+ 0 reg>d$ z an auxili>y1 & an invaluable "o1 to hi/ory1 8 pictures tell no /ory4 ,^! p]sonages ( ,meissoni]'s take "p 9 no com$y2 !y occupy !mselves1 "s 9 smok+1 "s 9 dr9k+1 o!rs 9 play+ c>ds1 & o!rs aga9 9 do+ no?+ :atev]4 ,:e!r !y made _! entry z muskete] or philosoph]s1 z lackeys or gallants1 z s*ol>s or bonvivants1 !y did n pose & _h no ambition to seem m5 ( wit & _s1 !y plung$ into no adv5tur\s de$s & relat$ no anecdotes3 !y 7 cont5t to be well pa9t$4 ,& s among/ all ! ,fr5* pa9t]s ( ! hi/orical picture ( mann]s ,meissoni] 0 ! "o :o _h ! secret ( giv+ 8 works an entirely peculi> ca*et ( /rik+ & reali/ic tru? to nature4 ,8 figures1 m>vell\sly pa9t$1 & at ! same "t animat$ & natural 9 expression1 we> ! co/ume ( our ance/ors ) ! utmo/ self-possession1 & fit into _! modi% rococo surr\nd+s z if !y _h be5 p\r$ into a m\ld4 ,meissoni] rea*$ ! tru? ( nature 9 ! total effect ( 8 pictures by fir/ 9 reality arrang+ 8 int]iors1 & ! /ill-life !y conta9$1 z a congru\s :ole4 ,! rooms1 w9d[ ni*es1 & firesides :i* he reproduc$ 9 8 pictures 7 9 8 own h\se & 8 /udios1 ) e detail ready to h&4 ,he b\ght bronzes1 tr9kets1 & ornam5ts1 g5u9e productions ( ! rococo p]iod1 by ! hundr$ ?\s&1 & kept !m by him4 ,8 models 7 oblig$1 = weeks & (t5 = mon?s1 actually to we> ! velvet & silk5 co/umes 9 :i* he made use ( !m2 !n he pa9t$ !m ) ! greate/ fidelity to nature1 & )\t tr\bl+ himself ab\t anecdotic incid5t4 ,:at he r5d]$ 0 n a /ory inv5t$ & put toge!r piecemeal1 b a :olesome piece ( reality1 pictorially conceiv$4 ,& if ?is 0 prim>ily compos$ ( co/umes & furniture belong+ to ! eighte5? c5tury1 ! transition to ! natural treatm5t ( mod]n life 0 at ! same "t made possible1 & 0 accompli%$ by ,meissoni] himself1 at a lat] p]iod1 9 8 battle pieces4 ,illu/ration3 ,gaz4 des ,beaux-,arts4 ,,meissoni]4 ,,read+ ,,! ,,manuscript4 ,b he _h only pa9t$ m53 ! physiognomy ( ! fem99e ,sph9x rema9$ = him an et]nal riddle4 ,a wide field 0 "h (f]$ to 8 foll[]s4 ,fauvelet1 ,*avet1 & ,brill\9 /epp$ into ,meissoni]'s %oes1 & gave 8 rococo f9e g5tlem5 _! bett] halves4 ,! fir/ two made simple imitations4 ,brill\9 devot$ himself to ! comic g5re3 he arrang$ 8 pictures prettily1 0 a good obs]v]1 & pa9t$ tol]ably well4 ,! la/ ( ^! ,meissoni]i/s is ,vib]t1 *iefly kn[n 9 ! pres5t day by 8 c>d9als & o!r sc>let dignit>ies1 :om he repres5ts 9 wat]-col\rs & oils ) a c]ta9 t\* ( malice4 ,he pa9ts !m g\ty1 gluttonis+1 or tipsy1 9 "o or m cases 9 e picture--:i* does n contribute to make 8 works int]e/+4 ,b orig9ally he _h a sympa!tic sup]ior tal5t1 & w always claim a mode/ place 9 ! gr\p ( ! mod]n little ma/]s4 ,8 ,gulliv] ,b\nd1 & also ! ,spani% & ,turki% sc5es :i* occupi$ him aft] a t\r 9 ! ,ea/1 are extremely pleas+ & delicately pa9t$ co/ume pieces1 gleam+ 9 sunlight2 & 9 _! sp>kl+1 caprici\s workman%ip !y sometimes almo/ v]ge on ,=tuny4 ,on ! ,g]man side ( ! ,rh9e ,adolf ,m5zel 0 ! great pione] ( tru?4 ,! hi/ory ( ,g]man art mu/ d him hon\r z "o :o fir/ _h ! g5ius & c\rage to break away f conv5tional =ms ( phras+1 & br+ ! tru? ( nature into art3 at fir/1 z 9 ! case ( ,meissoni]1 x 0 nature 9 masqu]ade2 b x 0 nature se5 & r5d]$ ) all ! s9c]ity ( a man to :om ! art ( pose 0 want+ f ! v fir/4 ,illu/ration3 ,cassell ,co4 ,,meissoni]4 ,,polc9ello4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,meissoni]4 ,a ,,read+ ,,at ,,did]ot',s4 7,by p]mission ( ,b>on ,edmond de ,ro?s*ild1 own] ( ! picture1 & ( ,m4 ,georges ,petit1 own] ( ! copyright47 ,ev5 9 ! ?irties1 at a "t :5 ,! ,sorr[+ ,royal ,pair & ! ,leonora by ,less+1 ,! ,soldi] & 8 ,*ild1 ,! ,sick ,c\ncillor1 & ,! ,sons ( ,edw>d by ,hildebr&t1 & ,! ,lam5t ( ! ,jews by ,b5demann1 toge!r ) ! works ( ,cornelius1 met ) ! en?usia/ic applause ( ! million1 ,m5zel look$ into ! _w ) a %>p glance1 undi/urb$ by idealism2 & :at enabl$ him to d ?is 0 8 unwav]+ & ?or\ghly ,prussian heal?9ess1 :i* knew no t\* ( s5tim5talism--a c]ta9 coldness & h>dness1 t s5sible1 reflective ,nor? ,g]man trait1 :i* (t5 expresses itself 9 ^! days 7:5 ,g]man art has become subtle & sup]ior7 by a crude naturalism 9 ! ,b]l9 pa9t+4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 h[ev]1 x set ! ,b]l9 pa9t+1 z art ( ! heal?y human und]/&+1 9 salut>y contra/ to ! sickl9ess ( ,muni* & ,dsseldorf4 ,ev5 eighty ye>s ago ! p ( ,b]l9 7 too acute & practical to be ,romantici/s4 ,! arti/s :om ,m5zel f\nd active & hon\r$ at 8 arrival 7 ,s*ad[ & ,rau*1 & beside !m1 z repres5tatives ( ! gr&e pe9ture1 ,begas & ,wa*4 ,b ev5 ^!1 :o 7 mo/ "u ! influ5ce ( ! s5tim5tal t5d5cy1 7 ju/ly recognis$ by ! ?or\gh-go+ ,romantici/s on ! ,rh9e z nev] hav+ giv5 an unqualifi$ homage to _! flag4 ,a cle>1 reali/ic me?od 0 dom9ant 9 ! art ( ,b]l94 ,& 9 ?is respect x 0 z mu* a corrective--& "o by no means to be und]valu$--aga9/ ! inflat$ s5tim5t ( ,muni* z aga9/ ! weak & sickly s5tim5talism ( ,dsseldorf1 ) its knights & monks & noble maid5s4 ,ev5 ,cornelius1 :o _h be5 call$ to ,b]l9 by ,fr$]ick ,william ,,iv--t ,k+ ( ! ,romantici/s on ! ?rone ( ! em95tly unromantic ,hoh5zoll]ns--f\nd himself helpless aga9/ ! rul+ ta/e4 ,& "h only1 9 ! /ronghold ( %>ply acc5tuat$ common s5se1 :]e ! old ,prussian sobriety set b\nds to ! twilight k+dom ( ,romanticism1 c\ld ,adolf ,m5zel atta9 to greatness4 ,8 ,b]l9ism kept him f l+]+ 9 empty space4 ,to ! ta/e ( to-day1 =m$ f ,fonta9ebleau1 he w seem too mu* a creature ( ! und]/&+ & too little a creature ( feel+4 ,boeckl9 hit him (f admirably :51 on be+ ask$ :at he ?\ght ( ,m5zel1 he answ]$3 ,he is a great s*ol>4 ,a comp>ison betwe5 him & ,momms5 especially sugge/s itself--a great s*ol>1 a mordant satiri/1 & a brilliant j\rnali/4 ,b ?is sob] scepticism1 ?is cool _s ( inve/igation1 ?is he>tlessness obs]v+ all ?+s ) ! eye ( a judge 9 a c\rt ( judicial inquiry1 7 :at cle>$ ! gr\nd = mod]n art4 ,no "o has done m ?an ,m5zel = ^? rul]s 9 ! k+dom ( dreams :o f pure dream+ h nev] be5 able to le>n any?+4 ,he has help$ to set !m /eadily on _! feet1 & to accu/om _! sight1 vitiat$ by idealism1 once m to tru? & nature4 ,illu/ration3 ,l',art4 ,,meissoni]4 ,a ,,halt4 ,illu/ration3 ,mansell4 ,,meissoni]4 ,a ,,cavali]4 ,m5zel 0 almo/ ! only "o 9 ,g]many :o c\ld draw & pa9t 9 ! "t be=e ! ,fr5* influ5ce _h made itself felt4 ,! /ruggle = exi/5ce _h =c$ him to le>n4 ,9 ! ye> ( ,bism>ck's bir? !re 0 born 9 ,breslau ! man de/9$ to glorify1 fir/ ! greatness ( ! old k+dom ( ! ,fr$]icks1 & !n t ( new imp]ial ,prussia4 ,ca/ out at an e>ly age on ! inhospitable wild]ness ( life1 he came to ,b]l91 poor & lonely1 & n s mu* = ! sake ( art z = ga94 ,!re he sat 9 8 *e]less attic1 )\t a s]vant2 & wrapp$ up 9 8 plaid1 ) a c(fee-pot on "o side & a p5cil on ! o!r1 he look$ out ov] ! ro(s ( ! va/ t[n1 ! mo/ brilliant epo* ( :i* he 0 pr$e/9$ to depict & to conqu] by 8 art4 ,s9ce x br\ght 9 pr(it soon] ?an any?+ else1 he _h made himself famili> ) ! te*nique ( reproduction2 & hav+ devot$ himself 9 p>ticul> to ! newly discov]$ art ( li?ography1 he turn$ out mnus1 ,new ,ye> c>ds1 vignettes = occasional poems1 etc41 & 9 ?+s ( ?is sort display$ a g5u9e aff9ity ( _s ) ,*od[iecki & ,gottfri$ ,s*ad[4 ,f 8 twelf? ye> onw>ds he _h n only assur$ 8 own exi/5ce1 b ev5 support$ 8 family by su* "w2 & 9 ! h\rs he sp5t ov] x he laid ! gr\ndwork = becom+ ! ma/] ( ma/]s among/ ! mod]ns4 ,m5zel is n m]ely a man :o ow$ to himself ev]y?+ :i* he aft]w>ds became1 :o le>nt to draw by 8 own unassi/$ endeav\rs1 :o ma/]$ oil-pa9t+ )\t a tea*]1 & w5t fur!r 9 x ?an any "o ( 8 g5]ation--a man :o f\nd out entirely by himself new me?ods & comb9ations 9 wat]-col\rs & g\a*e2 b if x is ask$ :o 0 ! greate/ ,g]man illu/rator1 ! man :o did mo/ 9 ,g]many to advance ! art ( woodcut engrav+1 ! "o ,g]man hi/orical pa9t] ( ! c5tury :o 0 entirely orig9al1 :o really knew a bygone p]iod s exactly t he c\ld v5ture on pa9t+ x1 ! "n ( ,m5zel is inv>iably utt]$4 ,illu/ration3 ,bas*et4 ,,adolf ,,m5zel1 #ahcg4 ,ev5 9 ! twelve simple li?ographs :i* appe>$ 9 #ahcg1 ,memorable ,ev5ts f ,prussian ,hi/ory 9 ! ,br&5burg ,era1 ! s*ol> ,m5zel /&s ready z ! actual hi/orian ( ! ,prussian k+dom4 ,9 an age :i* took its pleasure 9 a vapor\s1 s5tim5tal en?usiasm = ! m$ival spl5d\r ( ! empire1 he 0 ! "o :o z a y\? ( tw5ty po9t$ to ! corn]-/ones ( ,prussian hi/ory 9 ! ,br&5burg times2 he 0 ! only man ( 8 age :o refus$ to bl[ ! horn ( ! mawki% ,romantici/s1 & /ill less t ( ! impassion$ hi/orical pa9t]s :o came aft] !m4 ,= 8 7 no !atrically trick$ out sc5es ( trag$y1 no t\*+ situations2 !y _h no?+ poetical2 & j z little 7 !y t$i\s pictures ( c]emonies or spectacul> pieces4 ,/rik+ *>act]isation & sp>kl+ vividness 7 unit$ "h to ! mo/ pa9/ak+ /udy ( nature & hi/ory1 c>ri$ d[n to ! peculi>ities ( co/ume & weapons4 ,hi/ory 0 n arrang$ 9 accordance ) academic =mul1 b del9eat$ z if f life ) absorb+ tru?fulness4 ,ev]y?+ 0 express$ simply & s9c]ely1 )\t excit+ passages1 & )\t conv5tional s5tim5t pump$ out ( models4 ,e epo* _h its hi/orical physiognomy1 & co/ume 0 r$uc$ to its prop] subord9ate place4 ,franz ,kugl] 0 ! fir/ :o und]/ood ?is s9c]e & pi?y art4 ,! ,life ( ,napoleon _h appe>$1 at t "t1 9 ,p>is1 ) illu/rations by ,horace ,v]net1 & x _h a consid]able sale 9 ,g]many also4 ,?is gave a ,b]l9 publi%] ! idea ( a simil> ,g]man "w1 & ,kugl] commission$ ,m5zel to illu/rate 8 biography ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great4 ,x is almo/ impossible to pay suffici5t hon\r to ! influ5ce :i* ?is book on ,fr$]ick has _h on ,g]man art4 ,x made an epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( wood engrav+4 ,! te*nique ( ?is craft _h be5 completely =gott5 9 ,g]many ev] s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 or us$ only = ! production ( r\gh trade-m>ks = tobacco2 ,m5zel _h to inv5t x afre% & tea* an engrav+ s*ool ( 8 own be=e ! f\r hundr$ ma/]ly plates ( ! book 7 made possible4 ,b x became m revolution>y /ill = ! /hetic ideas ( ! "t4 ,m5zel _h n set himself to produce a sequ5ce ( pictures1 display+ ev5ts & h]oes 9 ! mo/ ideal situations possible1 b made x 8 bus9ess to sift ! entire life ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great to its m9ute/ p>ticul>s4 ,& "h began t philological /udy ( records :i* ,m5zel has c>ri$ on ) ! /r5u\s lab\r ( an ar*ivi/ d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,old ,fritz _h be5 caught by ,*od[iecki 9 ! way 9 :i* he has s9ce liv$ 9 ! popul> imag9ation3 z ! old man on horseback1 ) 8 b5t %\ld]s & 8 crut*-/ick1 hold+ a review1 & z ! philosoph]1 ! /atesman1 ! w>rior & h]o 9 ! mo/ manifold situations4 ,m5zel1 9 :om ! _s ( ,*od[iecki liv$ aga91 only ne$$ to beg9 :]e ! latt] left (f4 ,/epp+ on ! antiqu>ian mat]ial ( ,*od[iecki1 he work$ 8 way into ! great p]iod on :i* ,fr$]ick & ,voltaire h set ! /amp ( _! _s1 z ,momms5 work$ 8 way into ,roman hi/ory4 ,he read ?r\gh :ole libr>ies2 he copi$ all atta9able portraits4 ,) sci5tific p$antry he did n =get to /udy ! buttons & ! cut ( ! tr\s]s 9 ! uni=ms1 & did n re/ until he knew ! old gr5adi]s z a corporal kn[s 8 m54 ,us+ ^! lab\rs z prep>ation1 he proce$$ to call up old ,fritz & 8 "t ) ! objectivity ( an hi/orian1 j z !y 71 & n z !y _h bett] h be54 ,sur5ess ( treatm5t ev5 9 ! f9e/ details1 accurate ma/]y ( ! surr\nd+s1 & ev]y?+ :i* _h made ,meissoni]'s appe>ance s important = ,france1 0 atta9$ at "o /roke = ,g]many4 ,b ! v simplicity ( :at 0 (f]$--bo? 9 /yle & te*nique--prev5t$ ,m5zel f be+ at ! beg9n+ accept$ 9 8 own c\ntry z an hi/orical pa9t]4 ,he 0 blam$ = disreg>d+ beauty1 & x 0 said t a high] arti/ic p]ception 0 seal$ f him4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! book laid ! f\ndation ( ,m5zel's position 9 ,france1 & 01 moreov]1 ! "w on :i*1 = a long "t1 ! appreciation ( mod]n ,g]man art 9 =eign c\ntries 0 bas$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m5zel4 ,,fr$]ick ,,! ,,great ,,& ,,8 ,,tutor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m5zel4 ,,! ,,r\nd ,,table ,,at ,,sans-,,s\ci4 ,!nce=? ,m5zel _h a k9d ( monopoly 9 ?is subject1 & :5 9 #ahdj ,fr$]ick ,william ,,iv _h ! works ( ! great k+ publi%$ 9 an dition de luxe1 ,m5zel1 among/ o!rs1 0 entru/$ ) ! illu/ration4 ,e "o ( ! ?irty volumes conta9s portraits ( ,fr$]ick's contempor>ies :i* 7 engrav$ by ,m&el & o!rs aft] orig9al pictures ( ! p]iod4 ,m5zel _h an app>5tly subord9ate task4 ,he 0 commission$ to make two hundr$ draw+s = wood engrav+2 ^!1 h[ev]1 d n appe> on sep>ate pages1 b 7 de/9$ to be incorporat$ 9 ! text z tail-pieces1 vignettes1 & ! l4 ,?is 0 ! great "w :i* occupi$ him dur+ ! =ties2 & 9 ^! head+s & tail-pieces to ! works ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great he %[$1 = ! fir/ "t1 t he 0 n m]ely a le>n$ inve/igator ( s\rces1 b 0 full ( brilliant ap]u4 ,"o has to read ,fr$]ick ! ,great be=e "o c d full ju/ice to ! acut5ess & ready res\rce1 ! subtlety & pung5cy ( ! arti/'s p5cil4 ,all /hetic categories ( reali/ic & ideali/ic art are scatt]$ l du/ be=e ^! creations1 9 :i* ! mo/ fanta/ic ideas are embodi$ ) ! :ole =ce ( ! reali/ic p[] ( our days4 ,:5 he _h done hon\r to ! milit>y comrades ( ! great rul] 9 8 "w ( wood engrav+1 ,h]oes ( ,w> & ,peace 9 ! ,"t ( ,k+ ,fr$]ick1 & ?us made ! epo* 8 own ?r\gh a decade ( busy lab\r1 ,m5zel1 draughtsman ?\gh he 01 turn$ r\nd & became ! pa9t] ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( art !re h nev] be5 two names m intimately connect$ ) ea* o!r4 ,m5zel 0 a /r5u\s work]1 :o nev] knew ! passion = woman1 ei!r because he _h no "t = x1 or because he despis$ wom5 aft] be+ despis$ by !m z a poor1 h>d-featur$ /ud5t ( art2 a man ^: great bald head appe>$ at ,b]l9 subscription-balls amid gr\ps ( brilliant cavali]s & que5s ( beauty1 fa%ion1 & grace1 surr\nd$ by ! ru/le ( _! silks & 9 ! :irlpool ( a danc+ ?rong1 gleam+ ) col\r & sp>kl+ ) gold & jewels2 & appe>$ !re simply because ?is _w int]e/$ him z some?+ to be pa9t$4 ,he 0 a recluse :o w5t into society solely to make obs]vations = 8 art1 & :5 !re 0 *>y ( spee* & mu* fe>$4 ,he 0 always a busy exp]im5tali/1 s t 8 two h&s gradually became equally dext]\s2 at ! age ( eighty he c\ld /ill sket* ) firm & accurate /rokes :ile travell+ 9 a railway c>riage4 ,?\gh he _h hi!rto devot$ himself to draw+1 he _h also by 8 own indep5d5t /udy made himself famili> ) ! te*nique ( oils2 & he n[ became su* a ma/] ( col\r z few 7 at t "t4 ,9 ! middle ( ! c5tury 7 pa9t$ ^? two ma/]pieces :i* n[ hang 9 ! ,b]l9 ,national ,gall]y1 ,! ,r\nd ,table at ,sans-,s\ci & ,! ,conc]t ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great4 ,^! are hi/orical pictures1 ! au?ority & importance ( :i* _c be %ak5 by ev5 ! mo/ mod]n ( critics4 ,if :at is call$ ! _s ( an age has ev] be5 embodi$ 9 pictures1 x is embodi$ "h1 :]e ! ma/]-m9ds ( ! eighte5? c5tury are assembl$ at _! g5ial r\nd table4 ,! sc5e is ! oval d9+-room ( ! ca/le4 ,! meal is ov]1 & !re reigns a g5ial aft]-d9n] mood1 *ampagne sp>kles 9 ! glasses & a sm>t rivalry ( wit is 9 progress4 ,aft]noon has crept on1 & a cold1 subdu$ daylight floods ! room1 9 :i* e fragm5t ( ! ar*itecture1 f ! inlaid floor to ! gild$ capitals ( ! pill>s & ! /ucco ( ! ar*$ ceil+1 e piece ( furniture & e *&eli]1 be>s ! wayw>d grace ( ! high-rococo p]iod2 all is compreh5d$ ) ! mo/ intimate k4 ,9 ! second picture a f9e c&lelight is glimm]+ ov] ! sc5e4 ,fr$]ick is j beg9n+ to play ! flute1 & ! musicians ( ! /r+ qu>tet pause1 to /rike 9 aga9 aft] ! solo4 ,! ,c\rt is gr\p$ to ! left3 ! ladies 9 gild$ easy-*airs1 & _! cavali]s beh9d !m4 ,! tap]s ( ! *&eli] & ! sconces bran*+ f ! wall %$ ov] ev]y?+ _! prismatic1 brok5 light reflect$ by ! mirrors1 & fill ! fanta/ic1 caprici\s1 graceful1 com=table ap>tm5t1 "h ) /ream+ brightness1 !re ) a f9ely modulat$ twilight4 ,only ,m5zel c\ld h conjur$ up 9 s conv9c+ a mann] ! brilliancy ( ?is ,c\rt fe/ival ( ! pa/4 ,illu/ration3 ,hanf/ngl4 ,,m5zel4 ,,fr$]ick ,,! ,,great ,,on ,a ,,j\rney4 ,"h is t exactness :i* an hi/orical picture mu/ h if x makes any claim to intr9sic wor?4 ,:il/ ! ord9>y hi/orical pa9t]s 7 cont5t to transmute dress$-up models into types ( ! univ]sally human1 & to put hi/orical labels on _! frames1 ,m5zel succe$$ 9 really p5etrat+ a bygone age 9 an arti/ic _s1 & 9 mak+ x live aga9 = ! pres5t g5]ation4 ,he did n burr[ to discov] ano!r dim hi/orical p]sonage e ye>1 b conf9$ himself to "o h]o--to ! figure ( ! ,prussian h]o-k+1 famili> to e *ild1 & /ill liv+ 9 ! popul> imag9ation2 & he le>nt to ma/] ! "t ( ?is fav\rite h]o z if he _h be5 old ,fritz himself4 ,m5zel _h nev] he>d him bl[+ on 8 flute1 & nev] sat at table ) him 9 ,sans-,s\ci1 b ! pa9t+ ( ^! sc5es comes out true & life-l 9 ! arti/'s "w1 because ! pa/ hi/ory ( 8 c\ntry _h become z vivid to him z 8 own age4 ,8 ,battle ( ,ho*kir* rises to tragical gr&eur1 precisely because ev]y?+ t is outw>dly impassion$ is f> f him4 ,8 ,fr$]ick ! ,great on a ,j\rney1 :]e ! k+ is inspect+ t]ritories alt] ! w> & ord]+ ! rebuild+ ( demoli%$ h\ses1 8 ,fr$]ick's ,meet+ ) ,joseph ,,ii 9 ,niesse1 & all ! o!r pictures ( ! sequ5ce1 by _! m>vell\s naturalness & int5se vividness1 & by _! fre$om f pomp\s phras+1 /& alone 9 an age dom9at$ by empty s5tim5t4 ,m5zel1 :o nev] laid 8 sket*-book d[n f ! "t he 0 twelve ye>s old1 f\nd a subject ( pictorial int]e/ 9 ev]y?+ t he saw ar\nd him1 until f9ally he acquir$ ! p[] ( mov+ ) natural self-possession 9 a p]iod t 0 n 8 own4 ,by ! r\ndab\t way ?r\gh ! rococo p]iod he has taught u to und]/& ourselves4 ,9 8 pictures an app>5tly p>adoxical problem has be5 solv$4 ,an int5se feel+ = mod]n reality wak$ to new life ! pa/1 t same pa/ :i* no "o _h approa*$ ) success by ! way ( idealism4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m5zel4 ,,illu/ration ,,to ,,kugl]',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,fr$]ick ,,! ,,great4 ,& if we look ov] ! :ole developm5t ( mod]n art x /rikes u z a rem>kable fact t ! mo/ concrete spirits1 ! mo/ ?or\gh ma/]s ( te*nique1 l ,meissoni] & ,m5zel1 7 precisely ^? :o v5tur$ to advance into ! pres5t4 ,:5 !y _h cross$ ! prov9ce ( ! rococo p]iod1 avoid$ by all s*ola/ic art1 !y _h arriv$ aga9 at ! epo* :5 ,m5gs & ,david _h int]rupt$ ! natural c\rse ( ! hi/ory ( art1 "o hundr$ ye>s be=e4 ,ab\t #agej ! fateful movem5t t[>ds ! antique _h be5 accompli%$2 9 #ahbj ! ,middle ,ages _h ! upp] h&2 9 #ahcj ! ,c9quec5to 0 9 ! asc5dant ) ,cornelius & ,+res2 9 #ahdj ! sev5te5? c5tury 0 awak5$ ?r\gh ,delacroix & ,wapp]s2 & 9 #ahej1 aft] ! c\rses ( ! c5turies 7 sph]$--to use ! phrase ( ,cornelius--,meissoni] & ,m5zel pa9t$ ?+s :i* _h n appe>$ wor? repres5t+ to ! pa9t]s ( #agej1 bl9d$1 z !y 71 by ! glory ( ! antique4 ,n less /rik+ is x t ! ne>] ! hi/orical subject came to ! pres5t ! tru] to nature did ! picture become1 & ! m did x outw>dly *ange 9 its features4 ,x has %rivell$ f ! huge scale ( ,david & ,cornelius to ! m9iature scale ( ,meissoni] & ,m5zel1 & to "s ext5t x ?us leaves its fur!r developm5t to be guess$4 ,at no di/ant "t ! hi/orical picture w be ov]?r[n1 & ! picture f mod]n life1 hi!rto b %yly h&l$ & on ! smalle/ scale1 w swell to life size4 ,hi/ory itself1 s]i\s hi/ory1 cl+s m]ely to ! rock-b$ ( old co/ume4 ,"o g5]ation _h us$ x ) an ab/ract purpose z a sub/ratum = philosophical ideas2 o!rs _h made sc5ical pieces ) its aid2 a ?ird g5]ation turn$ x ov] = piquant traits & anecdotes4 ,! la/ & greate/ g5]ation _h f9ally come to h&le x q famili>ly & humanly & )\t affect$ dignity4 ,_! works prote/$ aga9/ all idealism2 & ?is express$ itself1 9 draw+1 by _! mak+ use ( ! true in/ead ( ! beautiful l9e2 9 col\r1 by a fre%] t9t correspond+ ) nature r ?an ) ! conv5tional ideal ( beauty4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m5zel4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,fr$]ick ,,! ,,great4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m5zel4 ,,reifspiel4 ,nobility ( l9e 0 p>am\nt 9 ,gallait & ,piloty1 movem5t ) gr&1 k+ly ge/ures1 l(ty dignity1 ari/ocratic be>+1 knightl9ess1 & a conv5tional pil+ up ( ri* /uffs1 allur+ to ! eye4 ,leys1 ,m5zel1 & ,meissoni] 7 ! fir/ :o sacrific$ beauty to tru?1 or1 m prop]ly1 :o p]ceiv$ t a beauty )\t tru? is n really beautiful4 ,!y came gradually & by an indirect way to ?is k z !y /udi$ ,g]man & ,ne!rl&i% ma/]s in/ead ( ! ,italians1 & set up ! angul>1 natural outl9es ( ! ,g]mans aga9/ ! grace ( ! ,lat9 ma/]s1 :i* _h become banal ?r\gh a l5g?y c\rse ( imitation4 ,& ?us a return 0 made to ! mann] ( our true ance/ors1 :i* _h be5 =gott5 dur+ half a c5tury4 ,! place ( ! ,ant9\s heads ( ,gallait 0 tak5 by physiognomies ( vigor\s *>act]isation2 ge/iculat+ h]oes made way = peaceful1 quiet p]sons1 :o did n consid] !mselves "u an obligation to acquire arti/ic citiz5%ip by a p>ade ( attitude1 b appe>$ 9 _! picture z !y 7 9 reality4 ,impassion$ movem5t yield$ quietly to arms hang+ d[nw>ds & natural po/ures4 ,ev5 ! traditional rules ( concave & convex composition 7 brok5 s t ! free play ( life might m easily come to its rights4 ,n less did all ?ree %[ !mselves true pa9t]s by pref]r+ rightness ( obs]vation & tru? & delicacy ( reproduction to anecdote & ri*ness ( inv5tion1 & by feel+ ! ne$ ( pa9t+ figures 9 _! real surr\nd+s4 ,in/ead ( ! conv5tional velvet & brocade /uffs1 & ! folios ev]y:]e & n[h]e 9 place1 ! settles & ! brass caskets1 !re 0 a naturally pa9t$ fragm5t ( reality1 au!ntically reflect+ ! :ole atmosph]e ( ! p]iod4 ,! treatm5t ( nature1 hi!rto ideali/ic & arbitr>y1 became syn!tic & naturali/ic4 ,!re 0 no m ab/raction1 b direct obs]vation ( ! man & 8 milieu4 ,& if1 = ! "t be+1 ?is milieu 0 a rococo milieu1 artificially recon/ruct$ s t x c\ld be reali/ically transf]r$ to ! picture1 ,m5zel & ,meissoni]1 ev5 on acc\nt ( ?is realism1 w\ld h to be reckon$ z outpo/s ( ! mod]n t5d5cy1 & z hav+ v decid$ po9ts ( contact ) x2 & ?is1 ev5 if !y _h n !mselves actually become ! pione]s ( mod]nity1 =c+ _! way ?r\gh aga9/ ! lit]>y & hi/orical movem5t4 ,x is ow+ to _! works 9 ! pa/ t ! pref]5ce ( ! public turn$ less & less to compositions ( f9e s5tim5t1 ev5 ?\gh gr\nd$ on m att5tive obs]vation1 & t arti/s began to reg>d reality z ! mo/ important elem5t1 ! po9t ( dep>ture = e picture4 ,?us life itself came to be pa9t$1 & prep>ation 0 made = ! com+ dem& ( a new g5]ation1 :o wi%$ no m to see old h]oes1 b !mselves1 9 ! mirror ( art4 ,illu/ration3 ,,:5 ,,w ,,g5ius ,,awake8 ,,m5zel4 ,,bibliography ,,bibliography ,,*apt] ,i ,g5]al3 ,r\quet3 ,l'tat des ,arts en ,anglet]re ,p>is1 #agee4 ,h4 ,walpole3 ,anecdotes ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,engl&4 ,) ,illu/rations4 #e vols4 ,london1 ,/rawb]ry ,hill1 #agfb-ga4 ,new ,edition1 ,london1 ,w>d1 ,lock ,co41 #ahgi4 ,james ,dall[ay3 ,les ,beaux-,arts en ,anglet]re4 ,p>is1 #ahjg4 ,edw>d ,edw>ds3 ,anecdotes ( ,pa9t]s :o h resid$ or be5 born 9 ,engl&4 ,london1 #ahjh4 ,j4 ,d4 ,fiorillo1 ,ges*i*te d] ,mal]ei 9 ,grossbritanni51 vol4 v4 ,gtt+51 #ahjh4 ,w4 ,c>ey3 ,progress ( ! ,f9e ,arts 9 ,engl& & ,irel& dur+ ! ,reigns ( ,george ,,ii1 ,,iii1 ,,iv4 ,london1 #ahbf4 ,william ,flet*]3 ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,engl&4 ,london1 #ahch4 ,g4 ,hamilton3 ,gall]y ( ,engli% ,arti/s4 ,london & ,p>is1 #ahci4 ,edw>d ,edw>ds3 ,! ,f9e ,arts 9 ,engl&4 ,london1 #ahdj4 ,w4 ,b4 ,taylor3 ,! ,orig91 ,progress1 & ,pres5t ,condition ( ! ,f9e ,arts 9 ,great ,brita9 & ,irel&4 #b vols4 ,london1 #ahda4 ,g4 ,lomb>di3 ,saggio dell' ,i/oria ,pittorica d',+hilt]ra4 ,fir5ze1 #ahdc4 ,j4 ,dall[ay3 ,anecdotes ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,engl&1 ) "s ,acc\nt ( ! ,pr9cipal ,arti/s4 #c vols4 ,london1 #ahdi4 ,john ,rusk93 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s4 #e vols4 ,london1 #ahea-fj4 ,g4 ,f4 ,waag53 ,treasures ( ,art 9 ,great ,brita94 ,london1 #ahed4 ,prosp] ,mrime3 ,les ,beaux-,arts en ,anglet]re1 ,revue des ,deux ,mondes1 #aheg4 ,t4 ,silve/re3 ,l',art1 ,les ,arti/es1 etc41 en ,anglet]re4 ,london1 #aheg4 ,c4 de ,pesquid\x3 ,l'cole ,anglaise1 #afgb-ahea4 tudes biographiques et critiques4 ,p>is1 #aheh4 ,our ,liv+ ,pa9t]s3 _! ,lives & ,works4 ,london1 #ahei4 ,t4 ,silve/re3 ,les ,arti/es ,anglais1 ,l',arti/e1 vol4 vi1 p4 #ha4 ,p>is1 #ahei4 ,w4 ,?ornbury3 ,briti% ,arti/s f ,hog>? to ,turn]4 #b vols4 ,london1 #ahfj-fa4 ,j4 ,mils&3 ,l'e/htique anglaise4 tude sur ,m4 ,john ,rusk94 ,trad4 fran4 ,p>is1 #ahfd4 ,r4 & ,s4 ,r$grave3 ,a ,c5tury ( ,pa9t]s ( ! ,engli% ,s*ool4 #b vols4 ,london1 #ahff4 ,new ,edition1 #ahij4 ,w4 ,f4 ,rae3 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,engl&1 ,! ,f9e ,arts ,qu>t]ly ,review1 vol4 i1 p4 #bda2 vol4 ii1 p4 #fd4 #ahff-fg4 ,w4 ,c4 ,monkh\se3 ,ma/]pieces ( ,engli% ,art1 ) ,sket*es ( "s ,deceas$ ,pa9t]s ( ! ,engli% ,s*ool4 ,london1 #ahfi4 ,f4 ,t4 ,palgrave3 ,gems ( ,engli% ,art4 ,plates4 ,london1 #ahfi4 ,s>ah ,tytl]3 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s & _! ,pa9t+s4 ,london1 #ahgc4 ,fr$]ick ,william ,fairholt3 ,homes1 ,works1 & ,%r9es ( ,engli% ,arti/s4 ,london1 ,virtue ,co41 #ahgc4 ,fr$]ick ,w$more3 ,! ,rise ( ,naturalism 9 ,engli% ,art1 ,macmillan's ,magaz9e1 ,m>* & ,june #ahgf4 ,john ,rusk93 ,lectures on ,art1 deliv]$ be=e ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d1 #ahgj4 ,london1 ,macmillan1 #ahgf4 ,engli% ,pa9t]s ( ! ,georgian ,era3 ,hog>? to ,turn]4 ,biographical ,notices ( ! ,arti/s4 ,) #dh p]man5t photographs ( _! mo/ celebrat$ pictures4 ,london1 ,l[1 #ahgf4 ,fr$]ick ,w$more3 ,/udies on ,engli% ,art4 ,london1 ,ri*>d ,b5tley ,son1 #ahgf4 ,engli% ,pa9t]s ( ! ,victorian ,era3 ,mulready to ,l&se]4 ,illu/rat$ ) #dh photographs ( _! mo/ popul> works4 ,) biographical notices4 ,london1 ,l[1 #ahgg4 ,james ,daf=ne3 ,mod]n ,art4 ,a s]ies ( l9e engrav+s f ! works ( di/+ui%$ pa9t]s ( ! ,engli% & ,=eign ,s*ools1 select$ f gall]ies & private collections 9 ,great ,brita94 #fj plates1 ) descriptive text by ,j4 ,d4 ,london1 #ahgg4 ,samuel ,r$grave3 ,a ,diction>y ( ,arti/s ( ! ,engli% ,s*ool4 ,new ,edition4 ,london1 #ahgh4 ,! ,reflection ( ,engli% ,"* 9 ,engli% ,art1 ,! ,qu>t]ly ,review1 ,janu>y #ahgi4 ,allan ,cunn+ham3 ,! ,lives ( ! ,mo/ ,em95t ,briti% ,pa9t]s4 ,revis$ edition1 annotat$ & cont9u$ to ! ,pres5t ,"t by ,mrs4 ,*>les ,heaton4 #c vols4 ,london1 ,bell1 #ahgi4 ,fr$]ick ,w$more3 ,/udies on ,engli% ,art4 ,second ,s]ies4 7,romney1 ,david ,cox1 ,g4 ,cruik%ank1 ,w4 ,hunt1 ,pr\t1 ,b4 ,jones1 ,a4 ,moore47 ,london1 ,b5tley1 #ahhj4 ,george ,h4 ,%eph]d3 ,a ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ! ,briti% ,s*ool ( ,pa9t+4 ,london1 ,sampson ,l[1 #ahha4 ,liv+ ,pa9t]s ( ,france & ,engl&4 ,plates4 ,london1 #ahhb4 ,e4 ,*esneau3 ,la pe9ture anglaise4 ,p>is1 #ahhb4 ,j4 ,fab]3 ,la pe9ture anglaise4 ,fdration arti/ique1 #ahhc4 #aa-ae4 ,n4 ,d',anv]s3 ,an ,elem5t>y ,hi/ory ( ,mod]n ,pa9t+4 ,new ,edition4 ,london1 ,sampson ,l[1 #ahhc4 ,wilfrid ,meynell3 ,"s ,mod]n ,arti/s & _! ,"w4 7,leighton1 ,b\ghton1 ,tadema1 ,watts1 etc47 ,) portraits & illu/rations4 ,london1 ,cassell ,co41 #ahhc4 ,mod]n ,arti/s4 ,illu/rat$ ,biographies ( ,mod]n ,arti/s1 publi%$ "u ! direction ( ,f4 ,g4 ,dumas4 7,leighton1 ,millais1 ,h]kom]1 ,hook1 etc47 #b vols4 ,london & ,p>is1 #ahhb-hd4 ,feuillet de ,con*es3 ,hi/oire de l'cole anglaise de pe9ture jusqu' ,sir ,?omas ,lawr5ce et ses mules4 ,p>is1 ,l]\x1 #ahhc4 ,h4 ,j4 ,wilmot-,buxton & ,s4 ,r4 ,khl]3 ,engli% & ,am]ican ,pa9t]s4 ,plates4 ,london1 #ahhc4 ,john ,rusk93 ,! ,art ( ,engl&4 ,lectures giv5 9 ,ox=d4 ,orp+ton1 ,k5t1 #ahhc-hd4 ,arti/s at ,home4 ,photograph$ by ,j4 ,r4 ,mayall4 ,) ,biographical ,notices by ,f4 ,g4 ,/eph5s4 ,london1 #ahhd4 ,"l ,ronald ,g[]2 ,great ,hi/oric ,gall]ies ( ,engl&4 ,london1 ,sampson ,l[4 ,j4 ,comyns ,c>r3 ,pap]s on ,art4 ,london1 ,macmillan ,co41 #ahhe4 7,conta9s /udies ( ,reynolds1 ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,rossetti1 etc47 ,allan ,cunn+ham3 ,great ,engli% ,pa9t]s4 ,select$ ,biographies f ,allan ,cunn+ham's ,lives ( ,em95t ,briti% ,pa9t]s4 ,edit$ by ,william ,%>p4 ,london1 #ahhf4 ,j4 ,e4 ,hodgson3 ,fifty ,ye>s ( ,briti% ,art4 7,man*e/] ,exhibition1 #ahhg47 ,man*e/] & ,london1 ,john ,heywood1 #ahhg4 ,*>les ,heaton3 ,a ,concise ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+4 ,london1 ,bell ,daldy1 #ahgc4 ,second ,edition1 #ahhh4 ,! ,pictorial ,record ( ! ,royal ,jubilee ,exhibition at ,man*e/]1 #ahhg4 ,by ,walt] ,toml9son4 ,) special articles by ,?omas ,w4 ,h>ris1 ,*>les ,e/c\rt1 & ,joseph ,nodal4 ,edit$ by ,john ,h4 ,nodal4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,man*e/]1 #ahhh4 ,walt] ,arm/rong3 ,! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury ,s*ool 9 ,art1 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,april1 #ahhg4 ,walt] ,arm/rong3 ,f9e ,art at ! ,royal ,jubilee ,exhibition at ,man*e/]1 #ahhg4 #ahhh4 ,william ,hoe3 ,engli% ,arti/s ( ! ,day4 ,a ,te*nical ,directory4 ,london1 #ahhh4 ,william ,tirebuck3 ,great ,m9ds 9 ,art4 7,/udies ( ,wilson1 ,wilkie1 ,l&se]1 & o!rs47 ,london1 #ahhh4 ,h>ry ,quilt]3 ,fr5* & ,engli% ,art1 ,univ]sal ,review1 #ahhh & #ahij4 ,w4 ,e4 ,h5ley3 ,a ,c5tury ( ,arti/s4 ,a ,memorial ( ! ,glasg[ ,int]national ,exhibition1 #ahhh4 ,) ,illu/rations4 ,glasg[1 #ahhi4 ,h]mann ,helf]i*3 ,ueb] die ,kun/ 9 ,engl&1 ,kun/ fr ,alle1 iv1 #ahhh1 pp4 #afa1 #agg4 ,paul ,mey]heim3 ,die englis*e ,mal]ie 9 d5 letzt5 #ej ,jahr51 ,nord und ,sd1 #ahhi1 p4 #ag4 ,j4 ,a4 ,cr[e1 ,cont95tal & ,engli% ,pa9t+1 ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 ,april #ahij4 ,t4 de ,wyzewa3 ,les gr&s pe9tres de l',espagne et de l',anglet]re4 ,hi/oire sommaire de la pe9ture japonaise4 ,illu/rations4 ,p>is1 #ahia4 ,t4 ,h4 ,%eph]d3 ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ! ,briti% ,s*ool ( ,pa9t+4 ,london1 #ahia4 ,rob]t de la ,siz]anne3 ,la pe9ture anglaise contempora9e4 ,p>is1 #ahie4 ,g4 ,temple3 ,! ,art ( ,pa9t+ 9 ! ,que5's ,reign4 ,london1 #ahih4 ,ri*>d ,mu!r3 ,die englis*e ,mal]ei im #ai ,jahrhund]t4 ,b]l91 #aijb4 ,see also ,h4 ,?omas ,buckle3 ,hi/ory ( ,civilisation 9 ,engl&4 ,h4 ,ta9e3 ,notes sur l',anglet]re4 ,p>is1 #ahgb4 ,h4 ,ta9e3 ,hi/oire de la ,littrature ,anglaise4 ,p]iodicals3 ,art ,j\rnal1 ,portfolio1 & ,magaz9e ( ,art1 passim4 ,hog>?3 ,w4 ,hog>?3 ,analyse de la beaut4 #b vols4 ,p>is1 #ahje4 ,john ,ni*ols3 ,biographical ,anecdotes ( ,w4 ,hog>?4 ,london1 #agha4 ,second ,edition1 #aghe4 ,g4 ,c4 ,li*t5b]g3 ,erklrung d] ,hog>?'s*5 ,kupf]/i*e1 mit v]kle9]t5 ,copi5 d]selb5 v4 ,riep5haus54 ,gtt+51 #agid-ahca4 ,w4 ,hog>?3 ,complete ,works1 ,includ+ ! ,analysis ( ,beauty4 ,london1 #ahcg4 ,francis ,wey3 ,w4 ,hog>?4 ,londres il y a c5t ans4 ,p>is1 #ahei4 ,j4 ,hannay3 ,complete ,works ( ,hog>?4 ,plates4 ,london1 #ahfj4 ,g4 ,a4 ,sala3 ,w4 ,hog>?1 ,pa9t]1 ,engrav]1 & ,philosoph]4 ,illu/rations4 ,london1 #ahff4 ,c4 ,ju/i3 ,w4 ,hog>?1 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 vii1 #ahgb4 ,a4 ,dobson3 ,hog>?4 ,london1 ,l[1 ,new & ,enl>g$ ,edition1 #aijc4 7,illu/rat$ ,biographies ( ,great ,arti/s47 ,?4 ,gauti]3 ,guide de l'amateur1 #ahhb4 ,hog>?'s ,%rimp ,girl1 ,portfolio1 #ahhf1 p4 #aje4 ,f4 ,rabbe 9 ! compilation1 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,reproductions3 ,! ,orig9al & ,g5u9e ,works ( ,w4 ,hog>?4 ,atlas fol4 ,london1 #agij4 ,graphic ,illu/rations ( ,hog>?3 f ,pictures1 ,draw+s1 etc4 #b vols4 ,royal #hvo4 ,london1 #agid-ii4 ,! ,works ( ,w4 ,hog>?3 f ! orig9al plates1 re/or$ by ,james ,hea?1 ,r4,a4 ,atlas fol4 ,london1 #ahbb4 ,! ,works ( ,w4 ,hog>?3 reproduc$ f ! orig9al engrav+s 9 p]man5t photographs4 ,) an ,essay on ,hog>? by ,*>les ,lamb4 #b vols4 ,royal #hvo4 ,london1 #ahgb4 ,j4 ,irel& & ,j4 ,ni*ols3 ,hog>?'s ,works1 ) ,life & ,anecdotal ,descriptions ( 8 ,pictures4 #c vols4 ,london4 ,no date4 ,reynolds3 ,j4 ,nor?cote3 ,! ,life ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,london4 #ahah4 ,joseph ,f>r+ton3 ,memoirs ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 ) "s ,obs]vations on 8 ,tal5t & ,"*4 ,london1 #ahci4 ,edm4 ,:eatley3 ,a ,descriptive ,catalogue ( all ! ,pr9ts1 etc41 f ,orig9al ,portraits & ,pictures by ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,london1 #ahbe4 ,new ,edition1 #ahej4 ,?4 ,reynolds3 ,life ( ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 by 8 ,son4 ,london1 #ahci4 ,jo%ua ,reynolds3 ,disc\rses on ! ,f9e ,arts4 ,ed9burgh1 #ahdj4 ,jo%ua ,reynolds3 ,disc\rses1 illu/rat$ by ,explanatory ,notes & ,plates by ,j4 ,burnet4 ,london1 #ahdb4 ,edm4 ,malone3 ,! ,lit]>y ,works ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,sev5 ,editions4 ,london1 #agid-ahbd4 ,new ,editions by ,h4 ,w4 ,bee*ey4 ,london1 #ahdf & #ahea4 ,w4 ,cotton3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds & 8 ,works1 edit$ by ,john ,burnet4 ,london1 #ahef4 ,new ,edition1 #ahei4 ,j4 ,timbs3 ,anecdotal ,biography4 7,hog>?1 ,reynolds1 etc47 #ahfj4 ,*4 ,rob4 ,leslie & ,tom ,taylor3 ,life & ,times ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,london1 #ahfe4 ,reynolds & ! ,portrait ,pa9t]s ( ! ,la/ ,c5tury3 ,blackwood's ,magaz9e1 ,novemb] #ahfg4 ,sidney ,colv93 ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 ,portfolio1 #ahgc1 pp4 #ff-hb4 ,j4 ,c4 ,coll9s3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds z a ,portrait ,pa9t]4 ,an ,essay1 ) #bj ,portraits4 ,london1 #ahgd4 ,edw4 ,hamilton3 ,a ,catalogue ,raisonn ( ! ,engrav$ ,works ( ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 #agee-ahbj4 ,london1 #ahgd4 ,fr$]ick ,w$more3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 ,temple ,b>1 ,july #ahgf4 ,f4 ,s4 ,pull+2 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,london1 ,sampson ,l[1 #ahhj4 ,?4 ,gauti]2 ,guide de l'amateur1 #ahhb4 ,f4 ,g4 ,/eph5s3 ,engli% ,*ildr5 z pa9t$ by ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,london1 #ahhd4 ,?4 ,duret3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds et ,ga9sbor\gh aux expositions de la ,royal ,academy et de la ,grosv5or ,gall]ie1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahhd1 i #cbg4 7,! same repr9t$ & enl>g$4 ,p>is1 #ahhe47 ,v>i\s articles 9 ! ,a!num1 #ahhc & #ahhd4 ,hel5 ,zimm]n3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 9 ,we/]manns ,monat%eft51 ,may #ahhd4 ,william ,m>t9 ,conway3 ,! ,arti/ic ,developm5t ( ,reynolds & ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,london1 ,seeley ,co41 #ahhf4 ,erne/ ,*esneau3 ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,) #ah ,illu/rations4 ,p>is1 #ahhg 79 ! compilation ,les arti/es clbres74 ,lady ,bl5n]hasset3 ,jo%ua ,reynolds' ,disc\rses1 ,allgeme9e ,zeitung1 #ahhi4 ,ed4 ,leis*+3 ,zur ,ae/hetik u4 ,te*nik d] bild5d5 ,kn/e4 ,akademis*e ,r$5 von ,sir ,j4 ,r41 ,ueb]setzt u4 mit ,e9leitung1 ,anm]kung51 ,regi/] u4 ,textv]glei*ung v]seh5 von ,dr4 ,e4 ,l4 ,leipzig1 #ahic4 ,c4 ,phillips3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,) #i ,illu/rations f ,pictures by ! ,ma/]4 ,london1 #ahid4 ,w4 ,arm/rong3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,) #gh ,photogravures & #f ,li?ographic ,facsimiles 9 col\r1 #aijj2 ,popul> edition1 ) #eb ,plates4 ,london1 #aije4 ,"l ,ronald ,g[]3 ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds4 ,8 ,life & ,art 7) ,illu/rations74 ,briti% ,arti/s' ,s]ies1 #aijb4 ,j4 ,sime3 ,reynolds4 ,london1 #aijd4 ,f4 ,b5oit3 ,reynolds4 ,p>is1 #aijd4 ,ga9sbor\gh3 ,rob4 ,pratt3 ,sket* ( ! ,life & ,pa9t+s ( ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,london1 #aghh4 ,george ,william ,ful*]3 ,life ( ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,london1 #ahef4 ,sidney ,colv93 ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,portfolio1 #ahgb1 pp4 #afi1 #agh4 ,j4 ,comyns ,c>r3 ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,! ,engli% ,illu/rat$ ,magaz9e1 ,decemb] #ahhd4 ,george ,m4 ,brock-,arnold3 ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,london1 ,sampson ,l[1 #ahhi4 ,walt] ,arm/rong 9 ! compilation1 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,mrs4 ,bell3 ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh3 a ,record ( 8 ,life & ,works1 ) ,illu/rations1 etc4 ,london1 #ahig4 ,w4 ,arm/rong3 ,ga9sbor\gh & 8 ,place 9 ,engli% ,art4 ,) #fb ,photogravures & #aj ,li?ographic ,facsimiles 9 col\r4 ,london1 #ahih4 ,popul> edition 7) #dh ,plates71 #aijd4 ,"l ,ronald ,g[]3 ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh 7) ,illu/rations74 ,briti% ,arti/s' ,s]ies1 #aijc4 ,reproductions3 ,/udies ( ,l&scapes by ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,engrav$ f ! ,orig9als by ,l4 ,francia4 ,london1 #ahaj4 ,/udies ( ,figures by ,ga9sbor\gh1 9 exact imitation ( ! orig9als1 by ,ri*>d ,lane4 ,london1 #ahbe4 ,select$ ,works ( ,?omas ,ga9sbor\gh4 ,"o hundr$ engrav+s 9 mezzot9t4 ,fol4 ,london1 #ahgf4 ,wilson3 ,! ,works ( ,ri*>d ,wilson1 ,r4,a41 ,l&scape ,pa9t]4 ,a volume ( engrav+s4 ,fol4 ,no date4 ,t4 ,wright3 ,"s ,acc\nt ( ! ,life ( ,ri*>d ,wilson4 ,london1 #ahbd4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,g5]al3 ,georg ,br&es3 ,haupt/rmung5 d] ,lit]atur des #ai ,jahrhund]ts1 ,bd4 i1 #b ,aufl4 ,leipzig1 #ahhg4 ,wilhelm ,weig&3 ,essays4 7,voltaire1 ,r\sseau1 zur ,psy*ologie des #ai ,jahrhund]ts1 etc47 ,mn*51 #ahib4 ,goya3 ,?ophile ,gauti]3 ,cab9et de l'amateur1 #ahdb4 ,laur5t ,ma!ron3 ,biographie de ,fr4 ,goya4 ,p>is1 #aheh4 ,c>d]]a3 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahfj & #ahfc4 ,p4 ,le=t3 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahfg4 ,*>les ,yri>te3 ,goya1 sa biographie1 etc4 ,p>is1 #ahfg4 ,d4 ,f4 ,zapat] y ,gomez3 ,goya1 noticias biograficas4 ,z>agoza1 #ahfh4 ,paul ,le=t3 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahge1 ii #ejf2 #ahgf1 i #ccf2 ii #ejj4 ,repr9t$ & enl>g$ "u ! title ( ,francisco ,goya1 tude biographique et critique1 suivie de l'essai d'un catalogue raisonn de son oeuvre grav et li?ographi4 ,p>is1 #ahgg4 ,*>les ,yri>te3 ,goya1 ,aqua=ti/e1 ,l',art1 #ahgg1 ii #c1 #cc1 #ef1 #gh4 ,p4 ,g4 ,ham]ton3 ,fr4 ,goya1 ,portfolio4 #ahgi1 #fg-ii4 ,muoz y ,manzano3 ,francesco de ,goya y ,luci5tes1 ,revi/a contemporanea1 ,septemb] #ahhc4 ,luci5 ,solvay3 ,l',art ,espagnol4 ,p>is1 #ahhg4 7,biblio?que int]nationale de l',art47 ,con4 de la ,viaza3 ,goya1 su tiempo1 su vida1 sus obras4 ,madrid1 #ahhg4 ,p4 ,lafond3 ,goya4 ,p>is1 #aijb4 ,w4 ,ro!n/e93 ,goya 7) ,illu/rations74 ,london1 #aijj4 ,val]ian von ,loga3 ,francisco de ,goya4 ,b]l91 #aijc4 ,ri*>d ,mu!r 9 d] ,sammlung d] ,kun/1 #aijd1 ,b]l94 ,m ,rec5t ,reproductions3 ,los ,desa/res de la ,gu]ra4 ,colleccion de #hj lam9os4 ,madrid1 #ahfc4 ,los ,prov]bios4 ,colleccion de #ah lam9os4 ,madrid1 #ahfd4 ,los ,capri*os4 ,gravures fac-simil de ,m4 ,segui y ,ri]a4 ,notice biographique et tude critique p> ,ant4 de ,nait4 ,b>celone1 #ahhg4 ,fr5* ,art 9 ! ,eighte5? ,c5tury3 ,edmond et ,jules de ,gonc\rt3 ,l',art du ,,xviii sicle4 ,p>is1 #ahej4 #crd ,edition1 ,p>is1 #ahhj4 ,edmond et ,jules de ,gonc\rt3 ,la femme au ,,xviii sicle4 ,p>is1 #ahhi4 ,*>les ,blanc3 ,les ,pe9tres des ,ftes galantes4 7,watteau1 ,lancret1 ,pat]1 ,b\*]47 ,p>is1 #ahed4 ,arsne ,h\ssaye3 ,hi/oire de l',art ,franais du ,,xviii sicle4 ,portraits4 ,p>is1 #ahfj4 ,e4 ,b4 de la ,*avign]ie3 ,les ,arti/es ,franais du ,,xviii sicle oublis ou ddaigns4 ,p>is1 #ahfe4 ,a4 v4 ,wurzba*3 ,die franzsis*5 ,mal] des #ah ,jahrh4 ,/uttg>t1 #ahgi4 ,augu/e ,nicaise3 ,l'cole franaise au ,,xviii sicle4 ,*alons-sur-,m>ne1 #ahhc4 ,paul ,seidel3 ,fri$ri* d4 ,gr4 u4 die franzsis*e ,kun/ se9] ,zeit4 ,b]l91 #ahib4 ,watteau3 ,figures de diffr5ts c>actres de paysage et d'tudes dess9es d'aprs nature p> ,a4 ,watteau4 #b vols41 #cej pl4 ,p>is4 ,no date4 ,d',arg5ville3 ,abrg de la vie des plus fameux pe9tres4 ,p>is1 #agfb4 ,m>iette3 ,abec$>io4 ,publi%$ 9 ! ar*ives ( ,fr5* ,art by ,*5nevires4 #aheb1 etc4 ,caylus3 ,la vie d',anto9e ,watteau4 ,read on #crd ,febru>y #agdh be=e ! ,p>is ,academy4 ,cit$ by ,gonc\rt1 ,l',art du ,,xviii sicle1 #ahej4 ,juli5ne 9 ! preface to 8 book ( plates1 #agee4 ,celli]3 ,anto9e ,watteau1 son enfance1 ses contempora9s4 ,val5ci5nes1 #ahfg4 ,edmond de ,gonc\rt3 ,a4 ,watteau4 ,p>is1 #ahfj4 ,by ! same au?or1 ,catalogue raisonn de l'oeuvre pe9t1 dess9 et grav d',a4 ,watteau4 ,p>is1 #ahge4 ,!odor ,volbehr3 ,anto9e ,watteau1 e9 ,beitrag zur ,kun/ges*i*te des #ah ,jahrh4 ,mn*51 #ahhe4 ,emil ,hannov]3 ,a4 ,watteau4 ,kop5hag51 #ahhg4 ,deuts* von ,alice ,hannov]4 ,b]l91 #ahhi4 ,g4 ,d>g5ty 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,p>is1 #ahhi4 ,paul ,mantz3 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahhi1 i #e1 #agg1 #dee2 ii #e1 #abi1 #bbb4 ,repr9t$ #ahib4 ,b\*]3 ,p4 ,mantz3 ,franois ,b\*]1 ,lemoyne et ,natoire 7) engrav+s f _! works74 ,p>is1 #ahhj4 ,&r ,mi*el 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,p>is1 #ahhi4 ,lancret3 ,g4 ,d>g5ty 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,pat]3 ,g4 ,d>g5ty 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,fragon>d3 ,b>on ,rog] ,portalis3 ,honor ,fragon>d1 sa vie et ses oeuvres4 ,p>is1 #ahhg4 ,felix ,naquet 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 #ahic4 ,c4 ,mauclair3 ,fragon>d1 ,biographie critique illu/re de v+t-quatre reproductions hors texte 7,les ,gr&s ,arti/es1 etc471 #aijd4 ,baud\93 ,*4 ,norm& 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,p>is1 #ahib4 ,greuze3 ,edmond et ,jules de ,gonc\rt3 ,l',art du ,,xviii sicle4 ,*>les ,blanc3 ,hi/oire de pe9tres des t\tes les coles1 ii4 ,jules ,r5\vi]3 ,hi/oire de l',art p5dant la ,rvolution1 p4 #eag4 ,*>les ,norm& 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,p>is1 #ahib4 ,qu5t9 ,la ,t\r3 ,clem5t de ,ris3 ,l'oeuvre de ,maurice ,qu5t9 de ,lat\r1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahhb1 ii #bea4 ,*ampfleury 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,p>is1 #ahhf4 ,h4 ,lapauze4 ,) #hg ,plates4 ,p>is1 #ahhe4 ,la ,t\r et son oeuvre au ,muse de ,sa9t-,qu5t91 #aije4 ,liot>d3 ,f4 ,guye3 ,jean ti5ne ,liot>d1 #agjb-ia4 ,z(+51 #ahij4 ,*>d93 ,edmond et ,jules de ,gonc\rt3 ,l',art du ,,xviii sicle4 ,g4 ,d>g5ty3 ,l',art1 #ahhc1 ii #c4 ,h4 de ,*5nevires3 ,*>d9 au ,muse du ,l\vre1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahhi1 i #aba4 ,*>les ,norm& 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,p>is1 #ahib4 ,g4 ,s*f]3 ,*>d9 444 ,biographie critique illu/re de v+t-quatre reproductions hors texte 7,les ,gr&s ,arti/es1 etc471 #aijd4 ,cornelis ,troo/3 ,a ,v] ,huell3 ,cornelis ,troo/ en zn ,w]k54 ,arnhem1 #ahgc4 ,*anges ( ,ta/e 9 ,g]many3 ,h]mann ,hettn]3 ,lit]aturges*i*te des #ah ,jahrhund]ts1 ,bd4 iii4 ,brauns*weig1 #ahgi4 ,*od[iecki3 ,w4 ,engelmann3 ,daniel ,*od[ieckis smmtli*e ,kupf]/i*e4 ,leipzig1 #aheg4 ,alfr$ ,woltmann3 ,hog>? und ,*od[iecki4 ,f ,vi] ,jahrhund]te ni$]lndis*-deuts*] ,kun/ges*i*te4 ,b]l91 #ahgh4 ,f]d9& ,mey]3 ,daniel ,*od[iecki d] ,pe9tre-graveur4 ,b]l91 #ahhh4 ,w4 von ,oett+54 ,b]l91 #ahie4 ,l ,kmm]]3 ,bd4 #ba d] ,kn/l]monographi5 von ,knackfuss4 ,bielefeld1 #ahig4 ,see ,selection f ! 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des ,deux ,mondes1 #ahdh4 ,also 9 a sep>ate repr9t4 ,erne/ ,*esneau3 ,les *efs d'cole4 #crd ,edition1 #ahhc1 pp4 #eh-abf4 ,on ,gros' pa9t+s 9 ! ,pan!on3 ,ph4 de ,*5nevires 9 ! ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 xxiii pp4 #afh-agd4 ,g4 ,d>g5ty3 ,les ,*efs-d'oeuvre de ,gros1 ,l',art1 #ahhf1 ii p4 #aba1 & #ahhi1 ii p4 #ajj4 ,ri*>d ,graul 9 ,kun/ und ,kn/l] d] er/5 ,hlfte des #ai ,jahrhund]ts1 vol4 #b4 ,leipzig1 ,seemann1 #ahhf4 ,g4 ,d>g5ty3 ,le b>on ,gros4 ,p>is1 #ahhg1 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,! *ief pictures ( ,gros are photograph$ by ,braun ( ,dorna*4 ,,*apt] ,x ,on ! ,p>allel ,movem5t 9 ,lit]ature3 ,georg ,br&es3 ,die ,lit]atur des #ai ,jahrhund]ts 9 ihr5 ,haupt/rmung51 #b ,auflage ,bd4 #e4 ,leipzig1 #ahhc4 ,on ! ,romantic ,movem5t 9 ,g5]al3 ,e4 ,*esneau3 ,pe9tres et /atuaires romantiques 7,huet1 ,b\lang]1 ,prault1 ,delacroix1 ,?4 ,r\sseau1 ,millet1 etc474 ,p>is1 ,*>avay frres1 #ahgi4 ,gricault3 ,*>les ,blanc3 ,?4 ,gricault1 #ahde4 ,*>les ,clem5t3 ,?4 ,gricault1 tude biographique et critique1 avec le catalogue raisonn4 ,p>is1 #ahfh4 ,new ,edition1 #ahgi4 ,delacroix3 ,e4 ,gali*on3 ,les ,pe9tures de ,m4 ,e4 ,delacroix ,sa9t-,sulpice1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 xi1 #ahfa1 p4 #eaa4 ,amde ,cantal\be3 ,eugne ,delacroix1 l'homme et l'arti/e4 ,p>is1 #ahfd4 ,h5ri de ,cleurion3 ,l'oeuvre de ,delacroix4 ,p>is1 #ahfe4 ,piron3 ,e4 ,delacroix1 sa vie et ses oeuvres4 ,p>is1 #ahfe4 ,adolphe ,moreau3 ,e4 ,delacroix et son oeuvre4 ,p>is1 #ahgc4 ,lettres de ,e4 ,delacroix 7#ahae-ahfc71 recueillies et publies p> ,phil4 ,burty4 ,p>is1 ,quant91 #ahgi4 ,alfr$ ,robaut3 ,pe9tures dcoratives de ,e4 ,delacroix4 ,le ,salon du roi au ,palais legislatif4 ,p>is1 ,a4 ,levy1 #ahgi4 ,alfr$ ,robaut3 ,pe9tures dcoratives de ,e4 ,delacroix1 ,l',art1 #ahhj1 #bgi4 ,m4 ,va*on3 ,e4 ,delacroix l'cole des ,beaux ,arts4 ,p>is1 #ahhe4 ,ph4 ,burty3 ,eugne ,delacroix ,alg]1 ,l',art1 #ahhj1 #dbb4 ,erne/ ,*esneau3 ,eugne ,delacroix1 ,l',art1 #ahhb1 #chb4 ,erne/ ,*esneau3 ,l'oeuvre complet de ,e4 ,delacroix1 comm5t p> ,e4 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,+res1 son cole1 son enseignem5t du dess93 avec des notes recueillies p> ,p4 et ,a4 ,fl&r91 ,lehman1 ,delaborde1 etc4 ,p>is1 ,pillet et ,dum\l91 #ahhj4 ,erne/ ,*esneau3 ,pe9tres et /atuaires romantiques4 ,p>is1 #ahhj1 p4 #bei4 ,eugne ,montrosi]2 ,pe9tres mod]nes3 ,+res1 ,h4 ,fl&r91 ,rob]t ,fleury4 ,p>is1 ,bas*et1 #ahhc4 ,augu/ ,s*m>s[ 9 ,kun/ und ,kn/l] des #ai ,jahrhund]ts4 ,leipzig1 #ahhf4 ,jules ,mommeja 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,ary ,s*eff]3 ,blan*e de ,saffray3 ,ary ,s*eff]4 ,p>is1 #ahei4 ,anto9e ,etex3 ,ary ,s*eff]1 tude sur sa vie et ses ouvrages4 ,p>is1 #ahei4 ,miss ,grote3 ,memoir ( ! ,life ( ,a4 ,s*eff]4 #bnd ,edition4 ,london1 #ahfj4 ,l4 ,vitet3 ,l'oeuvre de ,ary ,s*eff] reproduit en ,photographie p> ,b+ham4 ,p>is1 #ahfj4 ,*>les ,l5ormant3 ,beaux ,arts et ,voyages1 vol4 i4 ,p>is1 #ahfa4 ,h(/$e de ,groot3 ,ary ,s*eff]1 e9 ,*>akt]bild4 ,b]l91 #ahgj4 ,m4 ,e4 ,im-,?urn2 ,s*eff] et ,decamps4 ,nmes1 #ahgf4 ,johannot3 ,*>les ,l5ormant3 ,les ,johannot1 ,beaux ,arts et 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son oeuvre4 ,p>is1 #ahhg4 ,l4 ,ries5]3 ,les c>tons de ,m4 ,*5av>d1 ,l',art1 #ahgh1 i #agi4 ,*>les ,blanc3 ,les arti/es de mon temps1 p4 #aia4 ,?4 ,silve/re3 ,les arti/es franais1 p4 #bii4 ,?4 ,*assriau3 ,ar?ur ,baignires3 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahhf1 i #bji4 ,cogniet3 ,*ronique des ,arts1 #ahhj1 #cg4 ,paul ,mantz3 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahha1 i #cc4 ,lon ,bonnat3 ,*ronique des ,arts1 #ahhc1 #h4 ,also sep>ate4 ,erne/ ,v9et3 ,lon ,cogniet4 ,p>is4 ,)\t date4 ,h4 ,delaborde3 ,notice sur la vie de ,l4 ,cogniet4 ,p>is1 #ahha4 ,devria3 ,j4 ,guiffrey3 ,a*ille et ,eugne ,devria1 ,l',art1 #ahhc1 p4 #dbb4 ,del>o*e3 ,oeuvre de ,paul ,del>o*e3 reproduit en photographie p> ,b+ham1 accompagn d'une ,notice p> ,h4 ,delaborde et ,jules ,godd4 ,p>is1 #aheh4 ,h5ri ,delaborde3 tudes sur les ,beaux ,arts1 vol4 ii4 ,p>is1 #aheg4 ,*>les ,blanc3 ,p4 ,del>o*e 9 ,hi/oire des pe9tres4 ,*>les ,l5ormant 9 ,beaux ,arts et ,voyages4 ,p>is1 #ahfa4 ,j4 ,runtz-,rees3 ,p4 ,del>o*e4 ,london1 #ahhj4 ,adolf 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,p>is1 #ahgf4 ,g4 ,b]g]3 ,les pe9tures de ,paul ,baudry dans le ,foy] de l',opra1 ,*ronique des ,arts1 #ahgi4 ,*>les ,ephrussi3 ,l'exposition des oeuvres de ,m4 ,p4 ,baudry1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahhb1 ii #acb4 ,g4 ,d>g5ty3 ,paul ,baudry propos de l'exposition de ses oeuvres l'orang]ie des ,tuil]ies1 ,c\rri] de l',art1 #bh1 #ahhc4 ,dubufe3 ,paul ,baudry1 ,la n\velle ,revue1 #ae ,juli #ahhc4 ,h5ri ,delaborde3 ,notice sur la vie et les ouvrages de ,m4 ,p4 ,baudry4 ,p>is1 #ahhf4 ,erne/ ,t\d\ze3 ,p4 ,baudry1 ,notes intimes4 ,bordeaux1 #ahhf4 ,*>les ,ephrussi3 ,paul ,baudry1 sa vie et son oeuvre4 ,p>is1 #ahhg4 ,ri*>d ,graul3 ,paul ,baudry1 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 xxii1 #ahhg1 pp4 #a & #fe4 ,a4 ,bonn93 ,paul ,baudry4 ,vannes1 #ahhi4 ,b5jam9 ,con/ant3 ,victor ,*ampi]3 ,b5jam9 ,con/ant1 ,art ,j\rnal1 ,augu/ #ahhc4 ,f4 ,naquet3 ,l',art1 ,,xlviii1 #bcg4 #ahij4 ,laur5s3 ,f]d9& ,fabre3 ,le roman d'un pe9tre4 ,p>is1 #ahgh4 ,regnault3 ,h4 ,cazalis3 ,h5ri ,regnault1 sa vie et son oeuvre4 ,p>is1 #ahga4 ,h4 ,baillire3 ,h4 ,regnault4 ,p>is1 #ahga4 ,ar?ur ,dup>c3 ,correspond5ce de ,h5ri ,regnault4 ,p>is1 #ahgc4 ,*>les ,blanc3 ,les arti/es de mon temps4 ,p>is1 #ahgf1 p4 #cdg4 ,rog]-,ballu3 ,le monum5t de ,h5ri ,regnault l'cole des ,beaux ,arts4 ,l',art1 #ahgf1 iii #agf4 ,philip ,g4 ,ham]ton3 ,mod]n ,fr5*m51 #e biographies4 ,london1 #ahgh1 p4 #ccd4 ,a4 ,angeli]3 tude sur ,h5ri ,regnault4 ,p>is1 ,b\lang]1 #ahgi4 ,h]mann ,billung3 ,h5ri ,regnault1 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 #ahhj1 xv #ic4 ,l',art1 #ahhf1 ii #dh4 ,rog] ,m>x3 ,h5ri ,regnault1 9 ,les arti/es clbres4 ,p>is1 #ahhf4 ,gu/ave ,l>r\met3 ,h5ri ,regnault1 #ahdh-ahga4 ,p>is1 #ahhi4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,! ,hi/orical ,s*ool 9 ,belgium3 ,pr9cipal "w3 ,camille ,lemonni]3 ,hi/oire des beaux-arts en ,belgique4 ,c9quante ans de lib]t4 ,bruxelles1 #ahha1 vol4 iii4 ,neue ,ausgabe4 #aijf4 ,likewise3 ,von ,hasselt3 ,la ,belgique1 9 ,l',art mod]ne en ,allemagne1 iii4 ,p>is1 #ahda4 ,felix ,boga]ts3 ,esquisse d'une hi/oire des ,arts en ,belgique depuis #afdj jusqu' #ahcj4 ,anv]s1 #ahda4 ,l4 ,pfau3 ,die zeitg5ssis*e ,kun/ 9 ,belgi51 ,freie ,/udi54 ,/uttg>t1 #ahff4 ,f4 ,reb]3 ,die belgis*e ,mal]ei1 ,deuts*e ,revue1 vii1 #ahhb1 p4 #bai4 ,patria ,belgica1 tome iii1 ,les ,expositions de tableaux depuis #ahcj4 ,bruxelles1 #ahge4 ,annuaire de l',acadmie royale des ,sci5ces1 ,lettres1 et ,beaux ,arts1 passim4 ,j4 ,a4 ,waut]s3 ,la pe9ture flam&e1 #c d4 ,p>is1 ,quant91 #ahia4 ,comp>e also ! f9al *apt] 9 ,max ,rooses' ,ges*i*te d] ,mal]s*ule ,antw]p5s1 deuts* von ,reb]4 #b ,ausgabe4 ,mn*51 #ahhi4 ,m4 ,j4 van ,bree3 ,l4 ,g]rits3 ,lev5sbes*rijv+ van ,m4 ,j4 van ,bree4 ,antw]p1 #aheb4 ,wapp]s3 ,h]mann ,billung3 ,gu/av ,wapp]s1 hi/oris*es ,tas*5bu*1 #e ,folge1 x4 #ahhj1 p4 #aaa4 ,de ,keyz]3 ,h5ri ,hymans3 ,nicaise de ,keyz]4 ,bruxelles1 #ahia4 ,guff5s & ,sw]ts3 ,h]mann ,riegel3 ,ges*i*te d] ,w&mal]ei 9 ,belgi5 seit #ahef4 ,neb/ ,brief5 von ,cornelius1 ,kaulba*1 ,ov]beck1 ,s*norr1 ,s*w9d1 u4 ,a4 an ,gottfri$ ,guff5s und ,jan ,sw]ts4 ,b]l91 ,wasmu?1 #ahhc4 ,gallait3 ,a4 ,tei*le93 ,l4 ,gallait und die ,mal]ei 9 ,deuts*l&4 ,mn*51 #ahec4 ,h5ne1 ,l\is ,gallait3 ,annales de l',acadmie d'ar*4 de ,belgique1 #ahij1 #d4 ,nekrolog 9 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 #ahij4 ,bifve3 ,obitu>y 9 ,l',art mod]ne1 #g1 #ahha4 ,j\rnal des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahha1 #d4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,! ,g]mans 9 ,p>is3 ,edmond ,ab\t3 ,voyage trav]s l'exposition des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahee1 p4 #ef4 ,feu]ba*3 ,e9 ,v]m*tniss von ,anselm ,feu]ba*4 #b ,auflage4 ,wi51 #ahhe4 #d ,aufl1 #ahig4 ,fr4 ,pe*t3 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 viii1 #ahgc1 p4 #afa4 ,fr4 ,pe*t3 ,deuts*e ,kn/l] des #ai ,jahrhund]ts4 ,nrdl+51 #ahgg1 pp4 #bch-bfh4 ,katalog d] ,aus/ellung des ,kn/l]is*5 ,na*lasses 9 d] ,b]l9] ,nationalgal]ie1 mit ,biographie von ,max ,jordan4 ,b]l91 #ahhj4 ,graf v4 ,s*ack3 ,me9e ,gemldesammlung4 ,/uttg>t1 #ahha1 pp4 #ic-aaf4 ,o4 ,b]ggru53 ,die ,gal]ie ,s*ack 9 ,mn*54 ,wi51 #ahhc4 ,mit ,radirung54 7,also 9 ,graphis*e ,kn/e1 #ahhj1 iii #a47 ,a4 ,wolf3 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 xv ,beiblatt1 #ae4 ,w4 v4 ,seidlitz3 ,a4 ,feu]ba*1 im #d ,heft d] ,/i*ausgabe mod]n] ,mei/] d] ,dresd5] ,gal]ie4 ,m>c ,s*ssl]3 ,zum ,g$*tniss an ,a4 ,feu]ba*4 ,nrnb]g1 #ahhj4 ,h4 ,grimm 9 #ae ,essays1 #c ,folge4 ,b]l91 #ahhb1 p4 #ccg4 ,feu]ba*s ,h&zei*nung54 ,mn*51 ,hanf/ngl1 #ahhh4 ,c>l ,neumann3 ,a4 ,feu]ba*1 ,preussis*e ,jahrb*]1 ,bd4 #fb1 #ahhh4 ,c4 ,allgey]3 ,a4 ,feu]ba*1 ,nord und ,sd1 #ahhh4 ,emil ,hannov]3 ,a4 ,feu]ba*1 ,tilsku]54 ,cop5hag51 #ahij4 ,hauptw]k3 ,k>l ,allgey]1 ,anselm ,feu]ba*1 se9 ,leb5 und se9e ,kun/4 #b ,aufl4 besorgt von ,k>l ,neumann4 ,b]l91 #aijb4 ,! ,b]l9 ,s*ool s9ce #ahej3 ,a4 ,ros5b]g3 ,die ,b]l9] ,mal]s*ule #ahai-ahgi1 ,/udi5 und ,kritik54 ,b]l91 #ahgi4 ,r4 ,h5neb]g3 ,h4 ,riegel3 ,kun/ges*i*tli*e ,vortrge und ,aufstze4 ,brauns*weig1 #ahgg1 p4 #cfg4 ,gu/av ,ri*t]3 ,ludwig ,piets*3 ,g4 ,ri*t]1 ,we/]manns ,monat%efte1 #ahhc1 ,oct4 & ,nov4 ,/effeck3 ,nekrolog 9 ,kun/*ronik1 #ahij1 #ca4 ,l4 v4 ,donop3 ,aus/ellung d] ,w]ke ,k>l ,/effecks 9 d] ,b]l9] ,nationalgal]ie4 ,b]l91 ,mittl]1 #ahij4 ,hi/orical pa9t+ 9 ,g5]al3 ,ern/ ,guhl3 ,die neu]e ges*i*tli*e ,mal]ei und die ,akademi54 ,/uttg>t1 #ahdh4 ,r4 v4 ,eitelb]g]3 ,ges*i*te und ,ges*i*tsmal]ei1 ,mit!ilung5 des /]rei*is*5 ,museums1 #ahhc1 #bjh4 ,less+3 ,r4 ,r$t5ba*]3 ,er9n]ung5 an ,c>l ,fr4 ,less+1 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 xvi1 #ahha1 p4 #cc4 ,piloty3 ,f4 ,pe*t3 ,we/]manns ,monat%efte1 #ahhb1 ,april4 ,k>l ,/iel]3 ,die ,pilotys*ule4 ,b]l91 #ahha4 ,f4 ,pe*t3 ,kn/l] des #ai ,jahrhund]ts4 ,,iii ,reihe4 ,nrdl+51 #ahha4 ,c4 ,a4 ,regnet3 ,mn*5] ,kn/l]biographi51 ,bd4 #b4 ,a4 ,ros5b]g3 ,die ,haupt/rmung5 9 d] bild5d5 ,kun/ d] ,geg5w>t4 ,gr5zbot51 #ahhj4 ,h4 ,helf]i*1 ,neue ,kun/4 ,b]l91 #ahhg4 ,pet] ,jess53 ,piloty und die deuts*e ,kun/1 ,geg5w>t1 xxxi #a4 ,mak>t3 ,c4 ,l&/e9]3 ,h4 ,mak>t und ,rob]t ,ham]l+4 ,wi51 #ahgc4 ,c4 v4 ,ltz[2 ,mak>ts ,entwrfe fr d5 ,wi5] ,fe/zug1 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 #ahgi1 #g4 ,s4 ,feldmann3 ,hans ,mak>ts neue/es ,bild1 ,die ,geg5w>t1 #ahha1 #bd4 ,b4 ,wor?3 ,hans ,mak>t & 8 ,/udio1 ,art ,j\rnal1 #ahha1 #g4 ,mak>t-,album1 9 #aj ,lief]ung51 ,holzs*nitte1 und ,li*tdrucke1 mit ,text4 ,wi51 ,bondy1 #ahhc4 ,h4 ,mak>t als ,ar*itekt4 ,wo*5blatt fr ,ar*itekt51 #ahhd1 #hi1 #ij4 ,mrs4 ,s*uyl] van ,r5ssela]3 ,hans ,mak>t1 ,portfolio1 #ahhf1 pp4 #cf-di4 ,c>l v4 ,ltz[3 ,zeits*rift fir bild5de ,kun/1 xxi1 #ahhf1 pp4 #aha1 #bad4 ,rob]t ,/iassny3 ,h4 ,mak>t und se9e bleib5de ,b$eutung1 ,sammlung kun/gew]bli*] und kun/hi/oris*] ,vortrge1 ,nr4 #ab4 ,leipzig1 #ahhf4 ,max3 ,fri$ri* ,pe*t3 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 #ahgi1 xiv #bbe1 #cge4 ,aga?on ,klemt3 ,graphis*e ,kn/e1 ix #a-ab1 #be-cf4 ,j4 ,beav+ton-,atk9son3 ,gabriel ,max1 ,art ,j\rnal1 #ahha1 #f4 ,adolf ,kohut3 ,gabriel ,max1 ,we/]manns ,monat%efte1 #ahhc1 ,mai4 ,nic4 ,mann3 ,gabriel ,max1 ,e9e ,kun/hi/oris*e ,skizze4 #b ,aufl4 ,leipzig1 #ahia4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,gleyre3 ,*>les ,clem5t3 ,gleyre2 tude biographique4 ,p>is1 #ahgh4 ,paul ,mantz3 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahge1 i #bcc4 ,fr4 ,b]?\d3 ,*4 ,gleyre4 ,g5ve1 #ahgd 7,biblio?que univ]selle1 vol4 #ej74 ,e4 ,montgut3 ,*4 ,gleyre1 ,revue des ,deux ,mondes1 #ahgh4 ,h(mei/]3 ,das ,leb5 des ,kun/mal]s ,k>l ,gleyre4 ,zri*1 #ahgi4 ,*4 ,b]?\d3 ,*4 ,gleyre4 ,lausanne1 #ahhj4 ,hamon3 ,wal!r ,fol3 ,jean ,l\is ,hamon1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahge1 i #aai4 ,georges ,laf5e/re1 ,l',art1 #ahge1 i #cid4 ,grme3 ,*>les ,timbal3 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahgf1 ii #bbh1 #ccd4 ,leys3 ,h]mann ,billung3 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 xv #ccc1 #cgj4 #ahhj4 ,ludwig ,pfau3 ,freie ,/udi51 p4 #bfb4 ,meissoni]3 ,erne/ ,*esneau3 ,les *efs d'cole1 p4 #bda4 ,otto ,mndl]3 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 #ahff4 ,*>les ,clem5t3 tudes sur les ,beaux ,arts en ,france4 ,p>is1 #ahfi1 p4 #bcg4 ,jules ,cl>etie3 ,pe9tres et sculpteurs contempora9s4 ,p>is1 #ahgc1 pp4 #bc1 #abj4 ,rog]-,ballu3 #ahjg1 le ,meissoni] de ,m4 ,alex&] ,t4 ,/ew>t4 ,l',art1 #ahge1 i #ad4 ,*>les ,blanc3 ,les arti/es de mon temps4 ,p>is1 #ahgf1 p4 #dbj4 ,j4 ,cl>etie3 ,e4 ,meissoni]4 ,p>is1 #ahha4 ,john ,w4 ,mollet3 ,meissoni]1 9 ,! ,great ,arti/s4 ,london1 #ahhb4 ,h4 ,he9ecke3 ,e4 ,meissoni]1 ,we/]manns ,monat%efte1 ,janu>y #ahhe4 ,lionel ,rob9son3 ,j4 ,l4 ,e4 ,meissoni]1 8 ,life & ,"w4 ,art ,annual = #ahhg4 ,*4 ,bigot3 ,pe9tres franais contempora9s4 ,p>is1 #ahhh4 ,l4 ,gonse3 ,meissoni]1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahia1 i #agg4 ,g4 ,l>r\met3 ,meissoni]4 7,/udy foll[$ by a ,biography by ,philippe ,burty47 ,p>is1 #ahic4 ,grard3 ,jean-,l\is-,erne/ ,meissoni]1 ,ses s\v5irs--,ses entreti5s4 7,) a /udy ( 8 life & "w by ,m4 ,o4 ,grard2 ) ,plates & a ,catalogue ( ! arti/'s "w47 ,p>is1 #ahig4 ,e4 ,hubb>d3 ,meissoni]4 ,new ,york1 #ahii4 ,=m5t93 ,c4 ,meissoni]3 sa vie1 son oeuvre4 ,p>is1 #aija4 ,m5zel3 ,bruno ,mey]3 ,adolf ,m5zel1 ,zeits*rift fr bild5de ,kun/1 xi1 #a1 #da4 #ahgf4 ,alfr$ ,woltmann3 ,das ,preuss5?um 9 d] neu]5 ,kun/1 ,nord und ,sd1 #ahgg1 p4 #aji4 ,ludwig ,piets*3 ,a4 ,m5zel1 ,nord und ,sd1 #ahgi1 p4 #dci4 ,duranty3 ,adolphe ,m5zel1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahhj1 ii #aje4 ,j4 ,beav+ton-,atk9son3 ,adolph ,m5zel1 ,art ,j\rnal1 ,may #ahhb1 ff4 ,j4 ,beav+ton-,atk9son3 ,m5zel's ,illu/rations to ! ,works ( ,fr$]ick ! ,great1 ,art ,j\rnal1 ,novemb] #ahhc4 ,l4 ,gonse3 ,illu/rations d',adolphe ,m5zel p\r les oeuvres de ,frdric le ,gr&1 ,gazette des ,beaux ,arts1 #ahhb1 i #eif4 ,das ,w]k ,a4 ,m5zels4 ,text by ,jordan & ,dohme4 ,mn*51 #ahhe1 ff4 ,cornelius ,gurlitt3 ,a4 ,m5zel1 ,die ,kun/ uns]] ,zeit1 #ahib4 ,sond]mann3 ,adolph ,m5zel1 ,monographie4 ,magdeburg1 #ahif4 ,knackfuss3 ,m5zel4 7,) #ada ,illu/rations71 ,kn/l] ,monographi51 vii4 ,bielefeld1 #ahie4 ,h4 von ,ts*udi3 ,das ,w]k ,adolf ,m5zels4 ,b]l91 #aije4 ,julius ,mey]-,grfe3 ,d] junge ,m5zel4 ,/uttg>t1 #aijf4 ,pr9t$ by ,,morrison ,,gibb ,,limit$1 ,ed9burgh