,,natural ,,man    ,by ,ar?ur ,b4 ,moss 
,,price ,,"o ,,p5ny4    ,,london3    ,,!
 ,,progressive ,,publi%+ ,,company1     
#bh ,/onecutt] ,/reet4    #ahhd4        
,,natural ,,man    ,conc]n+ ! :5 & h[ ( 
! orig9 ( man no?+ positive  is kn[n4   
,g5esis /ates t god made man1 b z !     
greate/  intellects ( mod]n times d\bt !
 exi/5ce ( deity1 a ready  acceptance ( 
! ,mosaic acc\nt ( ! creation ( ! haman 
species  c only take place among ^? :o  
are n well qualifi$ to weigh  evid5ce1  
balance probabilities1 & appraise !     
evid5ce ( rival  !ories4    ,! rese>*es 
( m5 ( sci5ce lead u to ! belief t !    
au?ors ( ! fir/ & second *apt]s (       
,g5esis 7 mi/ak54 ,!y  =mulat$ a !ory & 
imag9$ x to be a fact4    ,d>w91        
,haeckel1 ,huxley1 & o!r em95t sci5ti/s1
 dispute  altoge!r ! !ory t man 0 creat$
 p]fect1 & 9 _! works  h prov$ to       
demon/ration t ! be+s call$ m5 h evolv$ 
f l[] organisms2 t !y h ! same          
anatomical /ructure z  ! ,cat>rh9i apes2
 t !re is a di/9ct blood-relation%ip    

betwe5  !m1 & t !y h bo? _h a common    
p>5tage4    ,to e/abli% ! tru? ( !      
evolution !ory1 x is en\gh to look      
fairly at ! facts ( nature2 to obs]ve   
man "u v>i\s aspects2  to consid] him 9 
b>b>ic times1 or 9 c\ntries :]e he is n 
yet  civilis$2 to see him 9 a nude      
condition1 ) no?+ to cov] him b  a mass 
( hair :i* nature provides2 to wat* him 
9 8 /ruggle =  life ) 8 enemies1 !      
de/ructive l[] animals & 8 fell[ m51  & 
to f9d 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s t a high] =m (  
man has evolv$  out ( ?is b>b>ic        
creature4    ,! evolution !ory acc\nts =
 ! facts z !y are obs]v$ 9  life--facts 
:i* ^u any o!r !ory are q inexplicable4 
,& x  mu/ n be suppos$ t because ! !ory 
does n give a complete  explanation to  
all ! ph5om5a t x !re=e is n reliable4  
,haeckel says 7,p$igree ( ,man1 p4 #cf73
 ,if we c only prove !  g5]al tru? ( !  
,d>w9ian !ory1 our idea ( ! orig9 ( man 
f l[] v]tebrata foll[s ( necessity1 & we
 are n oblig$ to  give a special pro( z 
to ?is latt] view if ! g5]al proposition

  is well e/abli%$4 ,t ! g5]al          
proposition is well e/abli%$ is  n[     
admitt$ by ! mo/ enlight5$ ( ! oppon5ts 
( ,d>w9ism4 ,:at  is call$ ! evolution  
!ory is g5]ally ackn[l$g$ to be remov$  
f ! region ( hypo!sis to t ( fact4    ,b
 x is n my purpose fur!r to pursue !    
subject ( man's orig91  :i*1 :ile x is  
confess$ly a mo/ int]e/+ "q1 is "o ^u   
:i* no man :o is n a skill$ sci5ti/ c   
write or speak )  au?ority4 ,i c only   
deal ) probabilities4 ,nobody1 s f> z we
  "k1 0 pres5t to witness ! fir/ man    
spr+ into exi/5ce4  ,inde$1 we d n "k t 
!re 0 a fir/ man6 ,& if !re 0 a  fir/1 x
 does n foll[ t he 0 consci\s ( be+     
made1 or :5  he 0 complet$ t he _h !    
pleasure ( see+ 8 mak]1 :o told  him h[ 
x 0 done4 ,or1 on ! o!r h&1 if he 7     
evolv$ f  "s l[] creature x does n foll[
 t he 0 consci\s ( !  evolution4 ,b at  
lea/ we c be sure t hi/ory speaks ) no  
unc]ta9 s\nd conc]n+ man's progress 9 ! 
_w & ! means by  :i* x 0 a*iev$4 ,z a   
civilis$ creature man is n _m c5turies  

old4 ,ev5 n[ we f9d _m savage races     
exi/+ on ! e>?1 & 9  type s l[ 9 ! scale
 are !y t !y m ne>ly resemble !  brute  
bea/s1 bo? 9 intellect & 9 physique1 ?an
 ! high] =ms  ( m54 ,n[ if we w\ld /udy 
! progress ( ! human race to any        
advantage1 we mu/ /udy x ap>t f all     
prejudice1 & n all[  religi\s or        
sup]/iti\s notions conc]n+ ! sup]iority 
( "o  class ( p to w>p our m9ds & prev5t
 u f und]/&+ !  important "p play$ by   
savage peoples 9 ! battle ( life4 ,= x  
mu/ always be rememb]$ t man's hi/ory is
 "o ( fe>ful w>f>e1  n only betwe5 m5 & 
m51 b betwe5 man & ! l[] animals4    ,x 
is no flight ( ! imag9ation to say t !re
 exi/ ! cle>e/  pro(s t man _m ages ago 
liv$ 9 holes 9 ! e>?1 & w5t  9 con/ant  
fe> ( animals :o s\ght him z _! prey4   
,sometimes  he w\ld h to scramble up    
trees to elude ! vigilance ( ^!         
sagaci\s bea/s2 sometimes ! tree w\ld =m
 no place ( safety1 &  he w\ld h to run 
= de> life or become a liv+ sacrifice to
 ^!  savage be+s4    ,9 ! c\rse ( "t man

 le>nt h[ to keep himself w>m1 :ile !   
bea/s ( ! field p]i%$ f cold or p>*$ )  
?ir/ &  fami%$ ) hung]1 sunk & di$2 he  
le>nt h[ to huddle himself  up close to 
a fire 9 8 mud-hut1 out ( all dang] f ! 
enemy4 ,9  addition to ?is he le>nt h[  
to speak1 to communicate 8 ?\ghts to  8 
fell[s4 ,^! 7 great /eps 9 advance4 ,man
 0 /ill 9 a nude  condition4 ,b n[ he   
began to =m a !ory z to ! cause ( !     
phnom5a ( ! univ]se4 ,he began to       
e/abli% ! reign ( ! gods4  ,all 8 gods1 
naturally en\gh1 at fir/ 7 feti%es4 ,^? 
animals  :i* he consid]$ sup]ior to     
himself he elect$ z special objects (   
wor%ip4 ,z soon z he f\nd t ^! 7 n      
sup]ior1 b inf]ior1  to himself1 he     
began to make gods aft] 8 own image4    
,out ( small tribes 9 c\rse ( ages grew 
great nations4 ,m5 c\ld n[  manufacture 
weapons ( de/ruction ) :i* !y c\ld      
procure food  & de/roy _! enemies2 ?us  
little by little 7 built up !  nations (
 ! e>?4 ,all advance1 all progress t[>ds
 civilisation  made by primitive man 0  

made by oppos+ ) all 8 /r5g? &  skill ! 
de/ructive =ces ( nature1 & by /r5u\s   
attempts at  improv+ ^u human nature    
itself4 ,0 man !n inh]5tly deprav$ &    
prone to evil cont9ually8 ,n s4 ,! g]ms 
( evil & good 7 alike  s[n 9 8 nature2 &
 if ei!r ( ^! 0 develop$ by favorable   
circum/ances an evil or a good result   
foll[$ ( necessity4 ,t  man 0 n deprav$ 
by nature is se5 by ! fact t 9 ! g5]al  
evolution ( ?+s1 in/ead ( gr[+ worse he 
has cont9u$ to  improve--f ! l[1 brutal 
& immoral creature ( ! pa/1 to !  pur]1 
l(ti]1 nobl] be+--! highe/ t c be f\nd  
to-day4    ,9 8 natural /ate1 x is true1
 man 0 a wick$ be+4 ,he _h no  intuitive
 k ( "r & wrong4 ,he _h to p]=m an act1 
& he  0 nev] sure until he felt !       
results :e!r x 0 good or bad4 ,9  8     
natural /ate he 0 dirty1 untru?ful1     
unju/4 ,no god came to tell  him t      
cleanl9ess 0 next to godl9ess2 nor      
admoni% him to be  tru?ful & j 9 all 8  
deal+s4 ,he 0 left alone to use 8 own   
unaid$ intellig5ce z be/ he might4      

,to te/ ! tru? ( ^! ass]tions "o has    
only to turn to savage  races exi/+     
to-day4 ,x w be f\nd on inve/igation t n
 only  are !y unclean 9 _! habits &     
de/itute ( any idea ( ju/ice1  b = ! mo/
 "p !y are unblu%+ li>s & +5i\s ?ieves4 
,all ! *>act]i/ics 9 human nature t are 
call$ virtues are  purely ( artificial  
gr[?1 & result f man's cultivation ( 8  
bett] self2 or1 9 o!r words1 f 8        
improvem5t ^u nature's  spontane\s c\rse
 ( action4    ,9 support ( ?is view ,i  
may "h quote ,j4 ,s4 ,mill1 :o says     
7,essay on  ,nature1 p4 #dh73 ,*ildr5 & 
! l[] classes ( mo/ c\ntries seem  to be
 actually fond ( dirt3 ! va/ majority ( 
! human race are  indiff]5t to x3 :ole  
nations ( o!rwise civilis$ & cultivat$  
human be+s tol]ate x 9 "s ( its wor/    
=ms1 & only a v  small m9ority are      
consi/5tly (f5d$ by x4 ,inde$1 !        
univ]sal  law ( ! subject appe>s to be t
 uncleanl9ess (f5ds only ^?  to :om x is
 unfamili>1 s t ^? :o h liv$ 9 s        
artificial  a /ate z to be unus$ to x 9 

any =m1 are ! sole p]sons :om  x disgu/s
 9 all =ms4 ,( all virtues ?is is ! mo/ 
evid5tly n  in/9ctive1 b a triumph ov]  
in/9ct4 ,assur$ly nei!r cleanl9ess  nor 
! love ( cleanl9ess is natural to man1 b
 only ! capacity (  acquir+ a love (    
cleanl9ess4 ,on page #eg ! same writ]   
decl>es  t ,savages are always li>s4 ,!y
 h n ! fa9te/ notion (  tru? z a virtue4
    ,hav+ !n all ^! bad qualities (     
nature1 h[ is x t man has  be5 able to  
put !m into subjection & advance along !
 road to  civilisation ev5 at ! pace t  
we h se58 ,su* advance has be5  :olly   
dep5d5t ^u ! en]gy & skill ) :i* he has 
oppos$ !  de/ructive =ces ( nature1 us+ 
"o law to c\nt]act ano!r1 &  ^u !       
det]m9ation ) :i* he has /riv5 to       
improve ^u human  nature itself4    ,=  
c5turies man grop$ ab\t 9 ! d>k4 ,nature
 0 deaf to 8  appeals & bl9d to 8       
suff]+s1 & h] daily p]=mances  fright5$ 
& bewild]$ him4 ,& yet he did 8 be/ to  
asc]ta9 !  causes ( ! phnom5a ( !       
univ]se4 ,b 8 be/ guesses 7 wide  ( !   

m>k4 ,outside ( nature he s\ght =       
explanation4 ,he ?\ght he  _h scal$     
nature's heights & fa?om$ h] debts :5 he
 _h m]ely  gaz$ a few miles into ! va/  
expanse ( space above2 & :5  ! mo/ le>n$
 among !m decl>$ t god 0 ! au?or ( !    
univ]se1 a great !ological ent]prise    
comm5c$4 ,e nation />t$  a god on its   
own acc\nt1 & if "o prov$ to be         
insuffici5t1 a few  m 7 easily draft$ 91
 ) a devil to keep !m company4    ,^!   
gods & devils1 :i* 7 mat]ial or         
spiritual1 accord+  z occasion requir$1 
7 h]eaft] put =w>d z explanations (     
nature's work+s4 ,& ! p believ$ 9 !m4   
,h[ c\ld !y  d o!rwise8 ,_! cr$ulity 0  
p]fectly natural4 ,!y c\ld n            
inve/igate2 all _! faculties 7 untra9$4 
,ev5 ! mo/ le>n$  among !m 7            
sup]latively ignorant2 incapable by     
virtue ( an  untra9$ m9d ( accurately   
p]ceiv+1 record+1 rememb]+1 or  judg+ ( 
nature's manifold manife/ations4    ,& s
 ! !ologian _h a good "t ( x4 ,he       
believ$ ?or\ghly 9  8 own pret5sions2   

believ$ t he possess$ ! key :i* op5$ !  
door ( all my/]ies2 t he 0 a god-appo9t$
 tea*] ( m52 &  9 all ! c\ntries ( ! _w 
he 0 look$ ^u z second only 9           
importance to ! gods !mselves4    ,b all
 ?is "t ! p 7 anxi\s to "k n only :at   
sort (  deity x 0 !y wor%ipp$1 b :at k9d
 ( action w\ld be likely  to w9 8 favor4
 ,!y 7 told t god 0 a jeal\s be+1 & t   
_! fir/ duty 0 ob$i5ce to 8 w4 ,!y      
believ$ x4    ,:51 !re=e1 !y 7 in/ruct$ 
to slaught] _! neighbors :o  wor%ipp$ a 
diff]5t deity1 !y w5t to ! task ) all ! 
ardor  ( _! nature1 imag9+ 9 _!         
ignorance t ! m brutally  !y execut$ !  
deity's w1 ! m pleasantly w\ld he smile 
^u  !m4 ,! ,jews kill$ ! ,midianites1 ! 
,amalakites1 ! ,baalites1 &  all o!r    
peoples !y 7 capable ( ma/]+ :o despis$ 
_! god4  ,lat]1 ! ,mahomm$ans ) equal   
m]cilessness foll[$ ! example  ( _!     
,jewi% bre?r54 ,lat] /ill1 ! ,*ri/ians  
p]secut$ &  murd]$ _m :o /ubbornly      
refus$ to ackn[l$ge t ,jesus 0 !  ,*ri/2
 & ea* nation c\ld n only ref] ! de$    

back to ! prie/  f :om ! wick$          
in/ructions came1 b ! prie/ 9 8 turn    
c\ld po9t to ! passage 9 8 sacr$ book   
di/9ctly comm&+ or  sanction+ su*       
b>b>ities4 ,! ,bible conta9$ in/ructions
 = !  ,jews n only to kill unbeliev+ p (
 o!r nations1 b m9ute  details 7 giv5 z 
to h[ believ]s ( _! own ki? & k9 %\ld   
be put to dea? 7,leviticus xxiv41 #af74 
,! ,koran 0 equally explicit 9 its      
directions to murd] ! infidels  7*apt]  
on ! ,c[1 p4 #bc72 & ! ,new ,te/am5t1   
:i* !  ,*ri/ians accept$ z a guide1 n   
only bade ! believ] h no  fell[%ip )    
unbeliev]s1 b into :atev] city !y w5t1 &
 !  p 7 indispos$ to give he$ to _!     
prea*+s1 !y 7 to  %ake (f ! du/ ( _!    
feet1 & god w\ld make x w>m] =  su* p 9 
! next _w ?an = ord9>y s9n]s4 ,nay m3 ! 
,*ri/ian c\ld po9t to ! /rong decl>ation
 ( ,jesus3 ,b ^?  m9e enemies :o w\ld n 
t ,i %\ld reign ov] !m1 br+ hi!r  & slay
 be=e me 7,luke xix41 #bg74    ,! p 7   
told t angels exi/$4 ,!y believ$ x4     
,!y 7 told t wit*es 7 displeas+ to !    

sight ( ,god2 t  he _h giv5 in/ructions 
t !y 7 n to be suff]$ to live4  ,!y     
believ$ x2 & did _! be/ to remove !     
wit*es f ! face  ( ! e>?4    ,!y 7 told 
t _! ,god lik$ no?+ s mu* z roa/ lamb4  
,!y  believ$ x4 ,& :5 !y c\ldn't sp>e a 
lamb1 !y ?\ght x w\ld  be pleasant at   
lea/ = _! deity to smell ! flavor ( x4  
,!y 7 told t ,god 0 ! fa!r ( all m52 t  
he 0 j &  good2 b t he lik$ "s nations  
bett] ?an o!rs2 & consid]$  "s m5 fit   
only to be ! slaves ( o!rs4 ,!y believ$ 
x4    ,!y 7 told t ,god made man4 ,!y   
believ$ x4    ,!y 7 told t he made all  
o!r animals = man's pleasure &          
assi/ance4 ,!y believ$ x4    ,!y 7 told 
t he made ! sun & ! />s to give light to
 !  e>?4 ,!y believ$ x4    ,!y 7 told t 
he made ! e>?4 ,!y believ$ x4 ,t x 0    
flat1 & !y 7 flats en\gh to believe t   
also4    ,b !y 7 n told :o made ,god2   
:at intellig5t m9d design$ him  be=e he 
0 made2 :o made ! intellig5t m9d t      
design$ ! ,god  t made ! _w out ( no?+4 
,^! matt]s 7 all[$ to rema9  imp5etrable

 my/]ies4    ,9 c\rse ( "t morality     
improv$4 ,! w\ld-be murd]] f\nd t  !re 7
 m5 9 ! nation :o c\ld def5d !mselves   
aga9/ all  assaults ( ! enemy2 & t !    
only way to be secure f attack  0 to    
promise n to be ! aggressive p>ty4    ,&
 ! ?ief f\nd t if he /ole o!rs w\ld /eal
 f him2 t  only by be+ hone/ c\ld he    
hope to h 8 own prop]ty protect$4       
,?\gh v e>ly 9 ! progress ( man laws _h 
be5 made aga9/  murd] & !ft1 x 0 n until
 m5 saw t _! own life &  prop]ty 7 at   
/ake1 & t unless !y 7 peaceful & hone/  
!mselves !y ran a risk ( los+ all !y _h1
 t any?+  approa*+ h>mony exi/$ among ! 
p ( ! nations t 7 on  ! high road to    
civilisation4    ,among savage races1   
murd]1 !ft & o!r crimes are almo/ z rife
  z ev]2 & x is only :5 b>b>\s races    
come 9 contact )  races high] up ! scale
 ( life t _! morality manife/s rapid    
improvem5t4    ,scepticism is ! sign ( a
 heal?y m9d4 ,d\bt & unbelief inv>iably 
arise z ! result ( e>ne/ inquiry &      
vigor\s ?\ght4 ,except  among !         

philosophical ,greeks & cultur$ ,romans1
 d\bts conc]n+  ! tru? ( !ology 7 n     
op5ly express$1 ev5 by ! few1 until  _m 
c5turies aft] ! ,*ri/ian era began4     
,( c\rse1 among ! e>ly ,*ri/ians !re 7  
_m :o d\bt$2 "s  :o d5i$ ! div9ity (    
,jesus2 _m :o que/ion$ ! tru? ( !       
resurrection2 among ! ,brahm9s &        
,buddhi/s1 _m :o 7 sceptical  on        
dogmatic po9ts ( _! fai?4 ,b x 0 n until
 ! middle (  ! sixte5? c5tury t we f9d  
m5 que/ion+ ! pret5sions (  !ologians1 &
 expos+ ) admirable fe>lessness & c&or !
  errors ( !ology4    ,m>t9 ,lu!r e>ly 9
 ! sixte5? c5tury boldly que/ion$ !     
dogmas ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*4 ,he 0 ably     
support$ by ,philip ,melanc?on1  b ^!   
re=m]s1 al?\gh fight+ bravely = ! "r (  
,free?\ght1 7 fe>ful le/ o!rs 9 !       
ex]cise ( ?is fre$om  %\ld g fur!r ?an  
!y did4 ,bruno1 ,telesio1 ,campanella & 
,van9i  are among ! fir/ m5tion$ 9      
hi/ory :o c\rage\sly decl>$ _!          
disbelief 9 ! prevail+ !ology4    ,bruno
 0 a ,pan!i/4 ,he d5i$ t ,god 0 a p]son1

 & decl>$  t he 0 an ess5ce4 ,he affirm$
 t matt] 0 inde/ructible2  t nature     
produc$ all phnom5a z ! fruit ( h] own  
womb4  ,he believ$ 9 ! plurality (      
worlds1 & d5i$ ! tea*+s (  ,ari/otle4   
,telesio & ,campanella held mu* ! same  
belief4    ,van9i 0 an ,a!i/4 ,= _!     
h]esies ,telesio & ,oampanella 7        
imprison$2 ,bruno & ,van9i bo? di$ at ! 
/ake4 ,no d\bt !re 7  _m o!rs :o        
ent]ta9$ d\bts simil> to ^? express$ by 
^!  noble philosoph]s2 b :5 !y f\nd t _!
 scepticism w\ld be  burnt out ( !m if  
!y express$ x1 !y d\btlessly came to !  
conclusion t !y _h bett] keep x to      
!mselves until m5 7  m prep>$ = !       
reception ( x4 ,& probably ! "t w\ld    
nev]  h come _h x n be5 = ! h]oism ( a  
,bruno1 ! defiance (  a ,van9i1 & !     
p]si/5t tea*+ ( o!r less kn[n ,free?\ght
  wor?ies4    ,galileo ! a/ronom] mu/   
also be numb]$ among ! sceptics4 ,he    
d5i$ t ! e>? 0 ! c5tre ( ! univ]se1 & 9 
opposition  to su* tea*+ decl>$ t x mov$
 r\nd ! sun4 ,= mak+ kn[n  ?is n[       

well-e/abli%$ fact ! great a/ronom] 0   
imprison$1  & a %ort int]val all[$ = him
 to recant or die ! dea? ( an  infidel4 
,he 0 an old man1 & life 0 sweet4 ,he   
elect$ to live4  ,he _h s[n ! se$s (    
d\bt conc]n+ ! ,*ur*'s tea*+ (          
a/ronomy--he left x to blossom 9 its own
 good "t4    ,9 ,europe p]iodical ef=ts 
_h be5 made to improve ! social &       
dome/ic life ( ! p4 ,feudalism hav+     
develop$ to its highe/  po9t1 decay$1 & 
^u its ru9s 7 e/abli%$ /rong mon>*ies1  
:i* vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 voluptu\sness &     
wick$ness4 ,b if !  nation %[$ any signs
 ( go+ =w>d 9 ! m>* ( progress1 !re  0  
always "o *a9 at lea/ to drag !m        
hopelessly back aga94  ,?is 0 ! ,romi%  
,*ur* )1 its slavi% !ology & horrible   
corruption4    ,= c5turies ! popes at   
int]vals _h embroil$ ,italy4 ,sometimes 
sev]al popes rul$ at once1 & sometimes !
 ,ca?olic ,*ur* _h no  pope at all4 ,to 
unite & ma9ta91 ! temporal & spiritual  
p[]  9 _! own p]sons 0 ev] ! rul+       
passion ( ! ,ca?olic  pot5tates2 & = ?is

 !y h spilt riv]s ( human blood4  ,"u _!
 absolute p[] ! ,*ur* & its vices has   
gr[n up =  c5turies4 ,root$ into ! he>t 
( society ! p _h le>nt to  rev]e !      
anci5t in/itution4 ,_! imag9ations 7    
captivat$ by  its %[y s]vices2 its      
prie/hood _h ! keep+ ( _! consci5ces2  0
 _! only means ( access to heav52 gave  
consolation 9 sickness2  m>ri$1 buri$1 &
 s5t !m to p>adise4 ,its sup]/itions &  
c5turies ( cruelty _h z yet only        
increas$ its p[]4 ,europe 0  fill$ ) its
 images ( sa9ts & m>tyrs1 real or       
c\nt]feit1 &  ! p 7 in/ruct$ to fall d[n
 & wor%ip !m4 ,dead sa9ts  7 made !     
m$ium ( access to ! deity2 ! s]vices (  
religion  7 mutt]$ 9 dead languages2    
prie/s 7 deck$ 9 dazzl+  g>m5ts2 wax    
c&les burnt 9 ! *ur*es at noonday2      
vessels (  gold & silv] /ood on ! alt>s2
 prea*+ _h become r>e1 & _h  deg5]at$   
into frivol\s talk+2 monks :o liv$ a    
life ( ease or  idl5ess1 & (t5 ( vice1 7
 scatt]$ 9 multitudes ?r\gh\t  e nation 
( ,*ri/5dom2 & 9 ord] to prev5t inquiry 

& cru%  opposition1 ! ,inquisition 0    
e/abli%$ & ! fire ( p]secution  lit4    
,pope ,alex&] ,,vi41 a man ( unusual    
depravity1 burnt ,savon>ola  = prea*+   
re=m 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,9 %ort1 a frightful    
spiritual  despotism1 su* z ,europe _h  
nev] se5 be=e1 held ! human m9d 9       
abject bondage 7,dr4 ,bollock's ,hi/ory 
( ,mod]n ,europe1 p4 #bc74    ,aft] !   
,re=mation ! disputes betwe5 ,*ri/ians1 
reg>d+  ! doctr9es ( ! ,prote/ant z well
 z ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 7  num]\s &        
exce$+ly bitt]4 ,b ! masses ( ! p hav+  
to  "w h>d = a small pittance & little  
leisure1 took comp>atively  small notice
 ( ^! !ological disputes1 & appli$      
!mselves  ) comm5dable zeal to m useful 
labor ?an wat*+ ! wret*$  enc\nt]s (    
fanatical religioni/s4    ,! pr9t+-press
 hav+ n[ got into work+ ord]1 began to  
di/urb  ! peace ( m9d ( ! cl]gy & o!rs 9
 au?ority4 ,e %ot f  ! armory (         
intellig5ce %ook to _! f\ndation !      
dogmas ( !  ,*ur*4 ,! p cont9u$ to "w4  
,sci5tific m51 too1 cont9u$  _! labors  

quietly4    ,columbus discov]$ ,am]ica1 
& fright5$ cr$ul\s believ]s 9 !         
flatness ( ! e>? out ( all ! wits !y ev]
 _h4    ,desc>tes 9 ,france1 ,sp9oza 9  
,holl&1 =mulat$ a philosophy t  knock$ !
 an?ropomorphic deity ( ! ,*ri/ians q (f
 8  p$e/al2 x 0 done1 h[ev]1 9 su* a    
le>n$ mann] t ! common  p he>d sc>cely  
any?+ ab\t x4    ,^! cont9u$ ! useful   
labors ( ! _w4 ,!y till$ ! soil2  !y br$
 cattle2 !y erect$ magnific5t h\ses = ! 
ri* & small  hovels = ! poor2 !y made   
gaudy raim5t :]e) to b$eck !  p]sons (  
k+s & prie/s1 & pla9 dresses z a cov]+ =
 !  common p4 ,p]iodically1 _! progress 
0 ?w>t$ by be+  call$ ^u to fight       
religi\s w>s = ! prie/s1 & w>s = !      
glorification or vanity ( k+s4 ,runn+   
rapidly ov] ! pages (  hi/ory "o        
important fact /&s prom95tly out4 ,x is 
?is1 t  z soon z ! nations 7 at peace1 =
 h[ev] %ort a :ile1 !  sceptics appe>$  
aga91 & ) ! gr[+ intellig5ce ( !  p1    
spoke 9 language ( unmi/akeable pla9ness
 ab\t religion4    ,?omas ,pa9e direct$ 

8 p[]ful intellect aga9/ ! upas tree2   
,voltaire's wit w5t l a javel9 to its   
core2 :ile ,mirabaud &  ,d',holba* tore 
(f ! mask & left !ology's errors expos$ 
9 all  _! gl>+ hide\sness4 ,& n[ ! dawn 
( a new era = ,free?\ght  began to      
appe>4    ,! cl]gy malign$ great        
sceptics1 b scepticism increas$         
not)/&+4 ,h]etical works 7 condemn$ & ! 
au?ors  imprison$2 b ! se$s ( d\bt hav+ 
be5 widely s[n1 no?+  %ort ( ! :olesale 
de/ruction ( p]sons suspect$ ( ent]ta9+ 
^! d\bts 0 likely to prove effectual 9 !
 extirpation ( !m4    ,f ?is po9t rapid 
progress t[>ds ! high] civilisation 0   
made  9 all c\ntries 9 ,europe :]e ! p 7
 bold en\gh to  free !mselves f !       
dogmatism ( ! prie/s1 read ! works  (   
sci5tific m51 take advantage ( e new    
discov]y1 int]e/  !mselves 9 ! political
 & social movem5ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,9  %ort1
 man advanc$ 9 proportion z he devot$   
himself to ! "w (  ! _w1 & left ! next  
_w & all op9ions 9 reg>d to x to  take  
c>e ( !mselves4    ,s f> we h se5 !     

progress ( man has be5 won by a vigor\s 
/ruggl+ aga9/ ! h>mful =ces ( nature4 ,9
 tru?1 nature has  be5 a v useful s]vant
 to ^? :o und]/& h]1 b a h>% &  brutal  
ma/] to ^? :o 7 ignorant ( h] ways4 ,%e 
is n1 nor  ev] has be51 wor?y ( wor%ip4 
,%e de/roys e be+ t lives  once1 &      
sometimes by ! mo/ pa9ful process x is  
possible to  conceive4 ,h[ _m ?\s&s %e  
has />v$ ) hung]1 froz5 )  cold1        
poison$1 dr[n$1 or swept away by        
e>?quakes or o!r frightful  calamities1 
mank9d w nev] "k4 ,all we c "k is t     
?\s&s  h be5 ?us sacrific$1 & t 9       
proportion z man us$ "o =ce  ( nature to
 c\nt]act ! effect ( ano!r he has       
advanc$4    ,:5 ! sceptical man _h a    
*ance ( life1 8 advance t[>ds           
civilisation 0 rapid4 ,! sceptical m9d  
inve/igat$2 new discov]ies  7 made2 !   
pr9t+ press increas$ 9 usefulness & p[]2
 new  =ms ( indu/ry 7 />t$1 & a high]   
happ9ess made possible =  ! masses ( !  
p4 ,! art ( agriculture /eadily improv$2
  & ! %ipp+ ( m]*&ise f "o nation to    

ano!r 0 greatly  facilitat$ by improv$  
skill 9 navigation4    ,great1 h[ev]1 z 
7 ! /rides t[>ds civilisation 9 !       
sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies1 !y 7 all  
eclips$ 9 !  e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury 
by ! utilisation ( /eam-p[]1            
electricity1 & o!r great natural =ces1  
:i* _h ! effect (  greatly increas+ !   
weal?-produc+ p[] ( ^? nations t  adopt$
 !m4 ,nor 0 ?is all2 = imm$iately       
foll[+1 ma*9]y1  :i* sav$ an enorm\s    
am\nt ( labor1 0 introduc$4 ,food &     
clo?+ became *eap]4 ,! p multipli$      
rapidly1 & ) ?is  increase ( population 
grew a proportionate dem& = food &      
labor4    ,9 a %ort "t ! /ruggle =      
exi/5ce 0 manife/ly ke5] ?an x  _h ev]  
be5 be=e2 ! ri* became ri*] & ri*]1 :ile
 among !  poor ! t5d5cy 0 to get poor] &
 m poor4 ,uncompla9+ly !  p devot$      
!mselves to ! labor ( ea* day4 ,!ology  
!y set  aside = six days ( ! week1 &    
conc]n$ !mselves ab\t ! gods  on        
,sunday4 ,?\gh !y did n (t5 say s1 !    
majority ( m5 ?\ght  x 0 f> bett] = !m  

to be dilig5t workm51 p]=m+ all  !      
secul> duties ( daily life--build+      
h\ses1 mak+ clo!s1  ma*9]y1 writ+ books2
 act+ ! "p ( good husb&s1 fa!rs1 or     
citiz5s--?an to h ! mo/ or?odox belief x
 0 possible = a  be+ to ent]ta94 ,& ?is 
s5tim5t grew /rong] & /rong]1 &  prov$ (
 imm5se importance to mank9d4    ,=     
hundr$s ( ye>s !ologians _h talk$ ab\t !
 importance (  sav+ m5's s\ls2 & ^? :o  
possess$ ! smalle/ seem$ to make  ! mo/ 
fuss ab\t !m4 ,b n[ ! aspect ( ?+s 0    
*ang$4 ,m5  began to talk ab\t look+    
aft] _! bodies2 & "s v5tur$ to  sugge/ t
 if !y _h s\ls 9 _! bodies x w\ld1      
p]haps1 be no  disadvantage to !m if _! 
bodies 7 well f$1 well clo!d1 &  _! :ole
 be+ well tra9$4    ,necessity =c$ all b
 a small m9ority into ! labor m>ket4 ,& 
aft] ye>s ( labor ! e>? 0 conv]t$ f a   
h[l+ wild]ness  into a home fit =       
habitation4 ,"h let me di/9ctly affirm t
 all  t is admirable 9 civilis$ life--! 
com=t ( home1 ! pleasure  ( education1 !
 fasc9ation ( ! drama1 ! beauty ( pa9t+ 

or  sculpture1 ! usefulness ( sci5tific 
acquirem5ts--owe _! value to  ! secul>  
labor ( mank9d4    ,!ology des]ves no   
cr$it 9 respect to ^! ?+s4 ,!ology did n
  help man to sup]s$e ! sail+ vessel by 
! /eam%ip1 ! old coa*  by ! railroad1 ! 
reap+ ma*9e by ! scy! 7vice v]sa1 ,,dw71
 nor  ! fa/e/ locomotion by ! telegraph 
wires4 ,! !ologian did n  discov] !     
telephone1 nor did he le>n h[ to        
light--) a brilliancy  previ\sly unkn[n 
to man--our /reets & great public       
build+s by  means ( electricity4    ,"o 
,/eph5son is wor? a ?\s& !ologians2 "o  
,edison ( m  value to ! _w ?an all !    
gods t m5's imag9ation h ev]  pictur$4  
,b see :at additional wond]s ! secul>   
labor] has accompli%$4 ,he  has remov$  
=e/s ( trees & conv]t$ !m into h\ses1 ! 
hides  ( cattle he turn$ into boots &   
%oes1 ! wool ( %eep he has  trans=m$    
into robes ( beauty & utility4 ,he has  
b$eck$ our  walls ) pa9t+s1 put books ^u
 our %elves1 & ) sweet music  gladd5$   
our he>ts4 ,to accompli% all ?is he has 

_h to rely solely  ^u 8 reason4 ,yet    
!ologians call ?is spl5did attribute    
c>nal  reason1 & decl>e t x is no safe  
guide to man4 ,x has be5 man's  only    
guide2 & :5 he has tru/$ x he has be5 m 
(t5 9 !  "r ?an o!rwise4 ,ev5 8 errors h
 assi/$ h9t 9 future  labors4 ,fai? he  
has _h1 b x has always be5 secul> fai?4 
,exp]i5ce has be5 8 guide1 sci5ce a lamp
 unto 8 feet4 ,ev5 :5  he has walk$ d[n 
! wrong pa? he has done s ) 8 eyes op54 
,!ological fai? is sightless4 ,x allures
 y to ! br9k ( a  precipice &           
precipitates y to ! e>? b5ea?4 ,x is a  
%ip  )\t a rudd]2 ! tempe/u\s waves toss
 x ab\t recklessly1 !  w9d drives x     
savagely aga9/ ! rocks1 & to-day ?is %ip
 call$  ,!ological ,fai? is a dre>y     
wreck4    ,b reason gr[s /rong] & cle>] 
z ! ages roll on4 ,man has  discov]$ t  
he c tru/ x2 t he c use x2 t he c assi/ 
himself & o!rs by ! employm5t ( x4 ,9   
o!r words1 he c d  8 own ?9k+1 reason   
out 8 own pr9ciples1 act 8 own life4 ,he
  c be a man4 ,& x is bett] = an        

individual to be a bad orig9al  ?an a   
good copy ( somebody else4 ,man is      
civilis$ to-day4 ,he has  f\ght a good  
fight1 he has conqu]$ a foe2 b bett] ?an
 all1 he has  conv]t$ an enemy into a   
fri5d4    ,:at is man's future policy8  
,is !re n /ill pl5ty ( labor =  him to  
p]=m8 ,is !re n an ocean ( enigmas yet  
to be fa?om$1 a  gold-m9e ( k yet to be 
explor$8 ,is !re n pov]ty to be  rem$i$1
 pa9 to be alleviat$1 ignorance to be   
remov$8 ,! re=m]  has yet some?+ to     
inspire 8 f]vid s\l2 ! philan?ropi/     
pl5ty  to t\* 8 g5]\s he>t4 ,:y ev5 n[ !
 weal?y rogue /ruts  pomp\sly ^u ! /age 
( life 9 gr& attire1 & f>es sumptu\sly  
e day2 :ile hone/ pov]ty 9 rags lies    
hungry & fa9t+ at 8  door4 ,ev5 n[ ! ri*
 own all ! l&1 & _m poor h n :]e  to lay
 _! head4 ,ev5 n[ all m5 are n equal 9 !
 sight (  ! law2 & "o man gets p5sion$ =
 "w = :i* ano!r is  inc>c]at$ 9 gaol4   
,ev5 n[ our si/]s are outrag$ & turn$   
adrift ^u ! _w to be ! play?+s ( vici\s 
m5 = ev]more4  ,ev5 n[ our workh\ses are

 fill$ ) m5 & wom5 :o are able to  "w = 
an hone/ liv+--if !y c\ld get x--b _c   
because  labor is *eap1 & !re are too _m
 wait+ to p]=m x4 ,ev5 n[  our gaols are
 fill$ ) society-made crim9als1 t       
education &  bett] circum/ances might h 
rescu$ f a life ( mis]y & crime4  ,ev5  
n[ y\? is /unt$ & />v$1 & m5 & wom5 p9e 
away1  rack$ ) "s t]rible disease :i*   
?\ghtless & c>eless p>5ts  h transmitt$ 
to !m4    ,re=m]s abate n y\r en?usiasm1
 b "w bravely on4 ,?r\gh !  _w diffuse !
 glori\s light ( k1 let m5 le>n t all   
crime is a mi/ake1 t effects always     
foll[ causes1 & t a good  effect nev]   
foll[s f a bad cause 9 a nation t is    
gov]n$ on  ! pr9ciples ( tru? & ju/ice4 
,remove pov]ty by s\nd advice to ! poor 
& by /r5u\s ef=ts to  improve m5's      
surr\nd+s4 ,/ay ! drunk>d 9 8 d[nw>d    
c\rse1  & assi/ unceas+ly all social &  
political progress4 ,popul>ity y  may   
nev] atta92 ev5 praise = y\r unselfi%   
labor may be d5i$ y  :ile y live4 ,b    
good "w mu/ leave its influ5ce 9 ! _w2  

& y\r *ildr5's *ildr5 w assur$ly pr(it  
by x4 ,= z ,c>lyle  truly says3         
,beautiful x is to see & und]/& t no    
wor?1 or  kn[n or unkn[n1 c die ev5 on  
?is e>?4 ,! "w an unkn[n  good man has  
done is l a hidd5 ve9 ( wat] fl[+       
und]gr\nd1  secretly mak+ ! gr\nd gre54 
,x fl[s & fl[s2 x jo9s itself  ) o!r    
ve9s & ve9lets1 & "o day x w />t =? z a 
visible p]5nial well4