,note3 ,images ( ! orig9al pages are available ?r\gh ,int]net ,ar*ive4 ,see http3_/_/ar*ive4org_/details_/paganorig9 (p#jjpitr ,transcrib]'s note3 ,text enclos$ by und]scores is 9 italics 7italics74 ,greek *>act]s h be5 translit]at$ to ,engli% *>act]s4 ,! translit]ations are d5ot$ by ,greek3 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,p>tiali/ ,,doctr9es4 by ,,rev4 ,,john ,,claudius ,,pitrat1 ,a ,memb] ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,france2 ,au?or ( ,jesuits ,unveil$1 ( ,paul & ,julia1 etc41 & ,=m]ly a ,romi% ,prie/4 ,publi%$ by ! ,au?or4 ,c9c9nati3 ,longley ,bro!rs1 ,pr9t]s1 #afh ,v9e ,/41 ,above ,f\r?4 #aheg4 ,ent]$ accord+ to act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #aheg1 by ,john ,claudius ,pitrat1 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,s\!rn ,di/rict ( ,ohio4 ,,to ,,bro!r ,,john ,a4 ,,gurley4 ,de> ,fri5d ,gurley1--,to y1 :o h f$ me :5 ,i 0 />v+1 %elt]$ me :5 ,i 0 a homeless exile1 & befri5d$ me :5 ,i 0 =lorn1 & my life 0 s\ght by my p]secutors1 ?is volume ,i inscribe1 z a feeble tok5 ( my la/+ gratitude & fri5d%ip4 ,j4 ,c4 ,,pitrat4 ,,preface4 ,two argum5ts c be br\ght =? to prove t ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are n taught 9 ! ,scriptures3 ! "o is drawn f ! ,scriptures !mselves1 & ! o!r is drawn f hi/ory4 ,! fir/ argum5t1 drawn f ! ,scriptures1 is ?is3 ,! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are n taught 9 ! ,scriptures1 if x c be prov$ by ! ,scriptures !mselves t ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are n conta9$ !re94 ,b x c be prov$ by ! ,scriptures !mselves t ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are n conta9$ !re94 ,!n ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are n taught 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,! second argum5t1 drawn f hi/ory1 is ?is3 ,! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are n taught 9 ! ,scriptures1 if x c be prov$ by hi/ory1 t ! orig9 ( ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es is ,pagan4 ,b x c be prov$ by hi/ory t ! orig9 ( ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es is ,pagan4 ,!n ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are n taught 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,^! two argum5ts1 z he :o reflects c easily p]ceive1 n only corroborate ea* o!r1 b _! respective prov+ =ce is su*1 t1 if consid]$ sep>ately1 ea* "o is suffici5t to p]emptorily prove t ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are n taught 9 ! ,scriptures4 ,! =m]1 till n[1 we ,univ]sali/s h exclusively us$1 & x has be5 efficaci\s 9 caus+ ! scales ( e>ly & /rong prejudices to fall f ! eyes ( ?\s&s4 ,h[ev]1 x is un=tunately a fact1 confirm$ by daily exp]i5ce1 t ! conclusions arriv$ at ?r\gh scriptural controv]sies are /rik+ only to m9ds ( a p>ticul> b5t & culture4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! conclusions arriv$ at ?r\gh hi/orical facts pres5t !mselves to ! m9d ( all1 cle>1 vivid & irresi/ible4 ,x is = ?is reason t ! au?or1 9 ?is book1 pres5ts to ! consid]ation ( ! ,univ]sali/ d5om9ation1 & ( ! public 9 g5]al1 ! second argum5t1 drawn f hi/ory4 ,! va/ numb] ( hi/orical facts1 ( quotations1 extracts1 etc41 conta9$ 9 ?is volume1 h be5 translat$ f _m languages1 ) z mu* accuracy z possible4 ,may ,god bless ?is "w1 int5d$ to confirm ! ,univ]sali/s 9 _! belov$ fai?2 & also to break ! *a9 ( prejudice :i* keeps millions ( m5 9 ignorance1 9 sup]/ition1 9 p]petual fe>1 & !reby 9 spiritual bondage3 ,ye %all "k ! tru?1 & ! tru? %all make y free4 ,,! ,,au?or4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,d$ication4 iii ,,preface4 v ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,true ,,_s ,,( ,,pagan ,,religions4 #i ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,my/]ies4 #bh ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,a ,,p]sonal ,,devil4 #eh ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,orig9al ,,s94 #fh ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,tr9ity4 #hj ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,! ,,supreme ,,div9ity ,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/4 #hg ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,endless ,,hell4 #aaa ,,article ,i4--,metempsy*osis or ,transmigration ( ! ,s\ls4 #aaa ,,article ,,ii4--,t>t>us4 #abi ,,article ,,iii4--,did ! ,*ri/ians ( ! ,fir/ ,c5turies believe 9 ,endless ,hell4 #acf ,,article ,,iv4--,h[ ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ,endless ,hell f ! ,pagans2 & h[1 aft]w>ds1 ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es borr[$ x f ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 #agj ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,a ,,fir/ ,,judgm5t1 ,,by ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 ,,imm$iately ,,aft] ,,! ,,sep>ation ,,( ,,! ,,s\l ,,f ,,! ,,body4 #ahb ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,! ,,resurrection ,,( ,,! ,,body4 #aij ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,a ,,g5]al ,,judgm5t ,,at ,,! ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,_w4 #bje ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,vic>i\s ,,atonem5t4 #bbi ,,val$ictory4 #bdf ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,p>tiali/ ,,doctr9es4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,true ,,_s ,,( ,,pagan ,,religions4 ,,x seems to be an und5iable fact1 t1 be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 nations _h immemorially & univ]sally believ$1 t ! univ]se1 or nature1 0 an uncreat$ b animat$ be+1 ^: va/ body compris$ ! e>?1 ! sun1 ! planets & ! />s1 to :i* "o great s\l impress$ motion & life4 ,also !y believ$ t all ^? pr9cipal p>ts1 or1 9 o!r words1 pr9cipal memb]s ( ! body ( ! univ]se1 7 animat$ by emanations or irradiations ( ! great s\l ( ! univ]se1 or nature4 ,?is ,pan!i/ic doctr9e we f9d record$ by ! ,*aldean ,zoroa/]1 9 8 ,z5d-,ave/a2 by ! ,pho5ician ,san*oniaton 9 8 ,my?ological ,hi/ory2 by ! au?or ( ! ,indian ,v$am2 & by ! ,*9ese ,confucius1 9 8 ,!ology4 ,weighty is ! te/imony ( ^? au?ors1 :o liv$1 ,confucius p]haps except$1 at ab\t ! "t ( ,moses4 ,also1 ! above doctr9e !y !mselves believ$ & taught4 ,m1 we f9d ! same te/imony1 ! same doctr9e1 & ! same tea*+1 9 ne>ly all ! works ( ! celebrat$ poets1 orators & philosoph]s ( po/]ior ages4 ,pl9y1 ! hi/orian & naturali/1 writes3 ,! _w1 or :at we call ! heav51 :i*1 9 its va/ embrace1 encircles all be+s1 is a ,god et]nal1 imm5se1 uncreat$ & immortal4 ,to seek any ?+ beyond x is beyond man's rea*1 & is va9 labor4 ,behold1 ! univ]se is ! ,be+ truly sacr$1 ! ,be+ et]nal1 imm5se1 compris+ all 9 himself3 he is all 9 all1 or r he is himself all4 ,he is ! "w ( nature1 & nature itself4 ,we read 9 ! six? book ( ,eneida1 by ,virgil3 ,"k1 ,o my son6 t ! heav5s & ! e>?1 ! deep1 ! bright globe ( ! moon1 & all />s are mov$ by a pr9ciple ( inly life1 :i* p]petuates its exi/5ce2 t x is a great intellig5t s\l1 ext5d+ to all ! p>ts ( ! va/ body ( ! univ]se2 & :i*1 connect$ ) all1 impresses to all an et]nal movem5t4 ,?is s\l is ! s\rce ( ! life ( man1 ( t ( flocks1 birds1 & ( all ! mon/]s ( ! deep4 ,! bright =ce t animates !m emanates f t et]nal fire t %9es 9 ! sky1 & :i*1 a captive 9 ! gross matt] ( bodies1 develops itself only z p]mitt$ by ! div]s mortal organizations t blunt its =ce & activity4 ,at ! dea? ( ea* animal ^? g]ms ( p>ticul> life return to _! s\rce1 & to ! pr9ciple ( life t circulates 9 ! />ry sph]e4 ,?is belief l$ m5 to ! wor%ip ( ! univ]se1 or nature1 & became ! basis ( _! my?ology4 ,!y ador$ ! va/ body ( nature1 & its great s\l1 "u ! "n ( ,supreme ,be+1 ( ,jupit]1 ( ,vi*n\1 ( ,pan1 etc4 ,!y ador$ ! e>?1 ! sun1 ! planets & ! />s "u o!r names4 ,!y erect$ temples1 alt>s1 /atues & *apels to ^? deities1 & wor%ip$ !m--n ! wood1 /one1 or m>ble1 z !y are unju/ly accus$ (1 b ! emanations ( ! great s\l ( ! univ]se1 :i* animat$ all ^? pr9cipal memb]s ( ! va/ body ( nature1 ^: might & influ5ce impress$ !m ) wond]1 t]ror or gratitude1 & ?us attract$ _! adoration4 ,! ,*9ese ador$ ! heav5s "u ! "n ( great ,ti54 ,! ,supreme ,be+ 9 ! ,*\-,k+ is designat$ by ! "n ( ,ti51 :i* means f heav51 & ( ,*ang-,ti51 supreme heav54 ,!y _h re>$ temples to ! sun1 to ! moon1 & to ! />s2 & also "o to ! great be+ =m$ ( ! sky1 ( ! e>? & ( ! elem5ts1--be+ :i* is ! univ]se nam$ by !m ,tay-ki4 ,!y wor%ip$ ! heav5s at ! "t ( ! two sol/ices4 ,! ,japanese ador$ ! />s & planets :i* !y suppos$ to be animat$ by g5iuses or gods4 ,!y _h a temple d$icat$ to ! spl5dor ( ! sun4 ,!y celebrat$ ! fea/ ( ! moon on ! #g? ( ,septemb]1 & sp5t ! :ole night 9 rejoic+ by h] light4 ,! ,*9ese & ! ,japanese practice ! same wor%ip ev5 9 our days4 ,! ,egyptians ador$ ! sun "u ! "n ( ,osiris1 & ! moon "u ! "n ( ,iris4 ,to !m bo? !y ascrib$ ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 ,!y built1 to honor ,osiris1 ! ,city ( ! ,sun1 or ,heliopolis1 & also a spl5did temple 9 :i* !y plac$ 8 /atue4 ,!y wor%ip$ all ! />s & planets :i* compose ! ,zodiac4 ,! animals consecrat$ 9 ! ,egyptian temples1 & religi\sly rev]$1 repres5t$ ! v>i\s functions ( ! supreme cause2 & !y ref]r$ to ! sky1 to ! sun1 to ! moon1 & to ! con/ellations4 ,! ,pho5icians wor%ip$ ! moon & ! />s4 ,!y ador$ ! sun "u ! "n ( ,h]cules4 ,! ,e?iopians ador$ ! sun & ! moon2 & ,diodorus in=ms u1 t ^? ( _! tribes :o inhabit$ ! c\ntry above ,m]oe ador$ ! sun1 ! moon1 & ! univ]se4 ,!y call$ !mselves ! sons ( ! sun3 ,p]s9a 0 ! prie/ess ( ! moon1 & ! k+1 h] husb&1 0 ! prie/ ( ! sun4 ,all ! ,africans :o 7 settl$ along ! coa/ ( ,angola1 & ( ,congo1 wor%ip$ ! sun & ! moon2 s ! inhabitants ( ! isl& ( ,t5]iffe did4 ,! olde/ wor%ip ( ! ,arabs 0 ,sabism1 ! religion univ]sally spread 9 ! ,ori5t3 ! heav5 & ! />s 7 objects ( v5]ation4 ,! moon 0 m especially ador$4 ,! ,s>ac5s call$ h] ,cab>1 :i* means great3 ev5 n[-a-days h] cresc5t adorns ! religi\s monum5ts ( ! ,turks4 ,among ! ,arabs ea* tribe 0 "u ! invocation or patronage ( a />4 ,! ,sabism 0 also ! religion ( ! anci5t ,*aldeans4 ,ev5 n[ !re is at ,helle1 on ! ru9s ( ,babylon1 a mosque nam$ ,me%$ ,es*ams1 or ,mosque ( ! ,sun4 ,9 ?is city 0 ! temple ( ,belus1 or ( ! sun1 ! great deity ( ! ,babylonians4 ,to ?is same god ! ,p]sians re>$ temples & consecrat$ images1 "u ! "n ( ,mi?ra4 ,!y also honor$ ! heav5 "u ! "n ( ,jupit]1 ! moon & ,v5us1 ! fire1 ! e>?1 ! air or w9d1 & wat]4 ,! fire e!r t circulates 9 ! :ole univ]se1 & ( :i* ! sun is ! ma9 =ce1 0 repres5t$ 9 ! ,pyrees by ! sacr$ fire kept incessantly burn+ by ! wiz>ds1 or prie/s4 ,at ,tymbree1 9 ,troades1 ! sun 0 ador$ "u ! "n ( ,apollo4 ,! isl& ( ,rhodes 0 consecrat$ to ! sun1 to :om ! colossal /atue1 kn[n "u ! "n ( ! ,colossus ( ,rhodes1 0 erect$4 ,! ,massagetes1 ! ,abasges1 ! ,d]bises1 ! ,t>t>s1 ! ,moscanians1 ! ,t*\va*es1 ! ,t\ng\ses1 ! ,huns1 all ! ,scytic nations1 ! ,ib]ians1 ! ,albanians1 ! ,col*idians1 ! ,phrygians1 & ! ,laodiceans1 wor%ip$ ! e>?1 ! sun1 ! moon1 & ! />s1 "u v>i\s emblems4 ,plato in=ms u t ! anci5t ,greeks _h no o!r gods ?an ! sun1 ! moon1 ! e>?1 ! />s1 wat]1 & fire4 ,orpheus consid]$ ! sun z ! greate/ ( ! gods1 & ador$ him ^u m\nts at 8 rise4 ,epi*>mis1 disciple ( ,py?agoras1 call$ gods ! sun1 ! moon1 ! />s1 ! e>?1 wat] & fire4 ,agamemnon1 9 ,hom]1 sacrific$ to ! sun & to ! e>?4 ,! *oir1 9 ! ,o$ipus ( ,sophocles1 invokes ! sun z be+ ! fir/ among ! gods1 & _! *ief4 ,! e>? 0 wor%ip$ 9 ! isl& ( ,cos4 ,also ! e>? _h a temple at ,a!ns & at ,sp>ta2 & an alt> & oracle at ,olympia4 ,:5 we read ,pausanias1 :o has describ$ ,greece & h] religi\s monum5ts1 we f9d ev]y:]e traces ( ! wor%ip ( nature4 ,we see temples1 alt>s1 & /atues1 consecrat$ to ! sun1 to ! moon1 to ! e>?1 to ! ,pleiades1 to ! cele/ial auriga1 to ! goat1 to ! be>1 or ,cali/o1 to ! night1 to riv]s1 etc4 ,! inhabitants ( ,megalopolis sacrific$ to ! w9d ,boreas1 & _h plant$ a grove 9 8 honor4 ,! ,mac$onians ador$ ,e/ia1 or fire1 & pray$ to ,b$y1 or wat]4 ,alex&]1 k+ ( ,mac$onia1 sacrific$ to ! sun1 to ! moon1 & to ! e>?4 ,! oracle ( ,dodone1 9 all its answ]s1 ord]$ sacrifices to ! ,a*el\s riv]4 ,hom] gave ! epi!t ( sacr$ to ! wat]s ( ! ,alpheus4 ,ne/or & ! ,pylians sacrific$ a bull to ! same riv]4 ,a*illes let 8 hair gr[ 9 honor ( ,sph]cius2 he also invok$ ! w9d ,boreas & ! ,zephyrus4 ,riv]s 7 reput$ z be+ sacr$ & div9e1 because ( _! utility to vegetation1 to animals1 & to comm]ce2 & because nations consid]$ wat] z "o ( ! fir/ pr9ciples ( nature1 & "o ( ! mo/ efficaci\s ag5ts ( ! univ]sal life ( ! ,great-,be+ 9 :i* !y believ$4 ,9 ,!ssalia a sacr$ cr[ 0 f$ 9 honor ( ! sun4 ,?is bird is se5 yet on ! monum5ts ( ,mi?ra1 9 ,p]sia4 ,! temples ( old ,byzantium 7 consecrat$ to ! sun1 to ! moon1 & to ,v5us4 ,_! idols repres5t$ !m2 also ! /> ,arcture1 & ! twelve signs ( ! ,zodiac4 ,rome & ,italy _h also a va/ numb] ( monum5ts ( wor%ip address$ to nature1 & to its pr9cipal ag5ts4 ,tatius1 com+ to ,rome to %>e ! sceptre ( ,romulus1 erect$ alt>s & temples to ! sun1 to ! moon1 to ,saturn1 to light1 & to fire4 ,! undy+ fire1 or ,ve/a1 0 ! mo/ anci5t object ( wor%ip ( ! ,romans2 virg9s _h ! c>e to p]petuate x 9 ! temple ( ?is ,goddess1 z ! wiz>ds did 9 _! ,pyrees4 ,x 01 ,jorn&es said1 an image ( ! et]nal lights :i* %9e 9 ! heav5s4 ,9 ,rome !re 0 a fam\s temple call$ ,tellus1 or ( ! e>?1 9 :i* ! s5ate (t5 met4 ,! e>? 0 call$ "m1 because x 0 consid]$ z a deity z well z ! manes4 ,!re 0 9 ! ,latium a f\nta9 ( ! sun1 &1 ne> x1 two alt>s ^u :i* neas1 :5 l&+ 9 ,italy1 sacrific$4 ,romulus e/abli%$ ! games ( ! circus to honor bo? ! sun1 :o 9 8 c\rse measures ! ye>1 & ! f\r elem5ts :i* he modifies by 8 mighty influ5ce4 ,aurelian built at ,rome ! temple ( ! sun1 & deck$ x ) gold & preci\s /ones4 ,augu/us1 be=e ,aurelian1 _h ord]$ ! images ( ! sun & ( ! moon to be br\ght f ,egypt1 9 ord] to adorn 8 triumph ov] ,an?ony & ,cleopatra4 ,! moon _h a temple on ! m\nt ,av5t9e4 ,9 ,sicily ox5 7 consecrat$ to ! sun2 & ! isl& itself 0 call$ ! ,isl& ( ! ,sun4 ,! ox5 :i* ! companions ( ,ulysse ate :5 !y l&$1 7 consecrat$ to ?is god4 ,! citiz5s ( ,assora ador$ ! ,*rysas riv]1 t ba!d _! walls4 ,at ,enguyum ! p rev]$ ! "m-goddesses1 ! same deities honor$ 9 ,crete2 namely1 ! major & m9or ,ursas4 ,9 ,spa9 ! p ( ,betic _h built a temple to ! morn+ />4 ,! ,accitans _h erect$ to ! god ,sun1 "u ! "n ( ,m>s1 a /atue ^: head imitat$ ! rays ( ! sun4 ,at ,cadix ! sun 0 also ador$1 "u ! "n ( ,h]cules4 ,all ! nations ( nor!rn ,europe1 call$ ,celtes1 wor%ip$ fire1 wat]1 ! air1 ! sun1 ! moon1 ! />s1 ! trees1 & ! spr+s4 ,! conqu]or ( ,gaul1 ,cs>1 writes t ! ,g]mans immemorially ador$ ! visible cause1 & its pr9cipal ag5ts1 ! sun1 ! moon1 fire or ,vulca91 & ! e>?1 "u ! "n ( ,h]ta4 ,ne> ,n>bonne1 a city ( ,gaul1 a temple 0 d$icat$ to ! w9d ,circius :i* purifi$ ! atmosph]e4 ,at ,t\l\se !re 0 a temple ( ! sun4 ,! ,franks pr(ess$ ! same religion4 ,9 ,am]ica ! ,incas ( ,p]u call$ !mselves ! sons ( ! sun3 !y d$icat$ temples & alt>s to ?is god1 & _h in/itut$ fea/s 9 8 honor4 ,! moon 0 associat$ to 8 wor%ip1 & 0 consid]$ z ! "m ( all ! sublun> productions2 & z ! sp\se & si/] ( ! sun4 ,9 ,p]u1 ! /> ,v5us 0 ador$1 & also ! meteors1 ! ?und]1 & ,iris1 or ra9b[4 ,virg9s _h ! c>e ( keep+ alive ! p]petual fire4 ,9 ,mexico ! same religion exi/$4 ,! inhabitants ( ! ,i/hmus ( ,panama1 ( ,brazil1 ( ,florida2 ! ,indians ( ! coa/ ( ,cumana1 ! ,floridians1 ,virg9ians1 & ! ,canadians believ$ t !re 0 a god 9 ! heav5s1 & t ?is god 0 ! sun1 ! sp\se ( ! moon4 ,!y wor%ip$ !m z ! two supreme causes :i* rul$ ! _w4 ,! above hi/orical facts lead u to ! conclusion t ! adoration ( ! va/ body ( nature1 toge!r ) ! great s\l :i* 0 suppos$ to animate x2 & ( its pr9cipal p>ts or memb]s1 toge!r ) ! multif>i\s emanations ( ! great s\l1 :i* 0 suppos$ to animate !m1 0 ! =m] & univ]sal religion ( mank9d1 be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,!re=e ! hea!ns did n wor%ip ! idols !mselves1 to :i* !y _h giv5 su* & su* =ms to repres5t ! objects ( _! adorations2 b !y wor%ip$ :at 9 _! m9d !y repres5t$1 ! univ]se tak5 collectively1 z 9 ! idol ( ,pan2 & ! univ]se tak5 sep>ately2 namely1 ! important p>ts ( ! univ]se1 z 9 _! innum]able idols ( ! planets1 />s1 riv]s1 etc4 ,z we wi% to leave no d\bt 9 ! m9ds ( ! read] 9 reg>d to ! c]ta9ty ( ^! two great facts1 :i* are a key to ! orig9 ( ! dogma ( endless mis]y1 & ( o!rs :i* we are to trace out1 we w br+ =? o!r pro(s f ! religi\s & political monum5ts ( anci5t peoples2 f _! celebrations1 & f ! op9ions ( _! philosoph]s4 ,! fam\s labyr9? ( ,egypt 0 d$icat$ to ! sun4 ,x =m$ twelve palaces1 repres5t+ ! twelve signs ( ! ,zodiac4 ,!re 7 9 ,heliopolis1 or ,city ( ! ,sun1 twelve columns adorn$ ) symbols relat+ to ! elem5ts1 & to ! twelve signs4 ,^! gigantic piles _h a pyramidal %ape to bett] repres5t ! rays ( ! sun1 & ! =m ( 8 ris+ blaze4 ,! /atue ( ,apollo ,agyeus 0 pyramidal4 ,9 ,egypt1 arti/s 7 n entru/$ ) det]m9+ ! =m ( ! images & /atues ( ! gods4 ,x 0 "o ( ! pr]ogatives ( ! ,hi]ophants1 or prie/s1 :o 7 m famili> ) a/ronomy4 ,?is fact expla9s :y ! numb] sev51 :i* repres5t$ ! numb] ( planets1 & ! numb] twelve1 :i* repres5t$ ! numb] ( ! signs1 7 sacr$ numb]s1 & 7 reproduc$ "u all k9ds ( =ms4 ,s ! twelve alt>s ( ,janus2 ! twelve works ( ,h]cules or sun2 ! twelve %ields ( ,m>s2 ! twelve bro!rs ,arvaux2 ! twelve gods ,cons5tes2 ! twelve rays ( light2 ! twelve gov]nors 9 ! ,mani*ean sy/em2 ! twelve adeetyas ( ! ,indians2 ! twelve azes ( ! ,sc&9aves2 ! twelve w>ds ( ! city plann$ by ,plato2 ! f\r tribes ( ,a!ns subdivid$ into ?ree frat]ies accord+ to ,cecrops' division2 ! twelve cu%ions on :i* ! creator sits1 9 ! !ogony ( ! ,japanese2 ! twelve cantons ( ! ,etruse league1 & _! twelve ,lucumons1 or *iefs ( cantons2 ! conf$]ation ( ! twelve cities ( ,ionia1 & t ( ! twelve cities ( ,eolia2 ! twelve ,t*e\ into :i* ,*un divid$ ,*9a2 ! twelve c\ntries into :i* ! ,coreans divid$ ! _w2 ! twelve (fic]s *os5 to draw ! c(f9 at ! fun]al ( ! ,k+ ( ,tunqu92 ! twelve horses2 ! twelve elephants1 etc41 us$ 9 t c]emony4 ,x 0 ! same ) ! numb] sev5 repres5t+ ! planets4 ,s ! sev5 divisions ( ! city ( ,ecbatane2 ! sev5 gates ( ! cav]n ( ,mi?ra1 or sun2 ! sev5 floors ( ! t[] ( ,babylon1 ) ano!r repres5t+ ! heav51 & also ! temple ( ,jupit]2 ! sev5 gates ( ! city ( ,!bes1 call$ ea* "o by ! "n ( a planet2 ! sev5 pip$ flute plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ! god ,pan :o repres5t$ ! univ]se2 ! sev5 /r+$ lyre ( ,apollo1 or sun2 ! book ( fate compos$ ( sev5 memor&ums2 ! sev5 prophetic r+s ( ! ,bra*manes1 on :i* ! "n ( a planet 0 engrav$2 ! sev5 /ones d$icat$ to planets 9 ,laconia2 ! immemorial division into sev5 tribes adopt$ by ! ,egyptians & ! ,indians2 ! sev5 idols pomp\sly c>ri$ e ye> by ! ,bonzes into sev5 diff]5t temples2 ! sev5 my/ical v[els :i* =m$ ! sacr$ =mula 9 ! temples ( ! planets2 ! sev5 ,pyrees or alt>s ( ! monum5t ( ,mi?ra2 ! sev5 ,am%asp&s1 or great g5iuses1 invok$ by ! ,p]sians2 ! sev5 ,ar*angels ( ! ,*aldeans2 ! sev5 s\nd+ t[]s ( old ,byzantium2 ! week 9 all nations1 or ! p]iod ( sev5 days consecrat$ ea* "o to a planet1 z c be illu/rat$4 ,= in/ance1 9 ,fr5*1 ,monday is call$ ,lundi1 :i* is d]iv$ f ! lat9 ,luna1 mean+ moon4 ,tuesday is call$ ,m>di1 mean+ ,m>s4 ,w$nesday is call$ ,m]cr$i1 mean+ ,m]cury4 ,?ursday is call$ ,jeudi1 mean+ ,jupit]4 ,friday is call$ ,v5dr$i1 mean+ ,v5us4 ,saturday is call$ ,sam$i1 mean+ ,saturn4 ,x c\ld also be illu/rat$ by o!r languages d]iv$ f ! ,lat94 ,! numb] ?ree hundr$ & sixty1 :i* is t ( ! days ( ! ye>1 n compris+1 h[ev]1 ! epagom5es or complem5t>y days1 0 also retrac$ by ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty days compris$ 9 ! !ology ( ,orpheus2 by ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty cups ( ! wat] ( ! ,nile1 ( :i* "o 0 p\r$ e day1 by ! ,egyptian prie/s1 9 a sacr$ cask1 9 ! city ( ,a*ante2 by ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty ,eons1 or g5iuses ( ! ,gno/ics2 by ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty idols plac$ 9 ! palace ( ! ,dari 9 ,japan2 by ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty sa9ts1 or g5iuses1 :o1 ! ,papi/s believe1 preside to ea* day ( ! ye>1 7z se5 9 _! almanacs17 dogma borr[$ f ! hea!ns2 by ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty m9or /atues :i* surr\nd$ t ( ,hebal1 or ! god sun1 ,belus1 ador$ by ! anci5t ,arabs2 by ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty *apels built ar\nd ! mosque ( ,balk1 erect$ by ! c>e ( ! *ief ( ! family ( ! ,b>mecides2 by ! ?ree hundr$ & sixty temples built on ! m\nta9 ,l\ham1 9 ,*9a2 by ! wall ( ?ree hundr$ & sixty /adiums ) :i* ,semiramis encompass$ ! city ( ,belus1 or ( ! sun1 ! fam\s ,babylon4 ,9 f9e1 ! division ( ! ,zodiac into tw5ty-sev5 p>ts1 :i* express ! /ations ( ! moon1 & into ?irty-six :i* is t ( ! decans1 0 also ! object ( ! political & religi\s di/ributions4 ,n only ! divisions ( ! heav51 b ! con/ellations !mselves 7 repres5t$ 9 ! temples1 & _! images consecrat$ among ! religi\s monum5ts1 & on ! m$als ( ! cities4 ,! bright /> ,capella1 9 ! con/ellation ,auriga1 _h a /atue ( brass gilt 9 ! city ( ! ,phliassians4 ,to ! con/ellation ,auriga /atues & o!r monum5ts _h be5 erect$ 9 ,greece "u ! names ( ,myrtile1 ( ,hippolyte1 ( ,sph]oeus1 ( ,cillas1 ( ,erectee1 etc4 ,!re 7 se51 also1 ! /atues & tombs ( ! ,atlantides4 ,ne> ,argos 0 se5 a m\nd1 :i* 0 said to cov] ! head ( ! fam\s ,m$usa1 ^: type is 9 ! heav51 "u ! feet ( ,p]seus4 ,! moon1 or ,diana ( ,ephesus1 0 adorn$ ) ! figure ( ! ,canc]1 :i* is "o ( ! twelve signs1 & ! mansion ( ?is planet4 ,! ,ursa1 ador$ "u ! "n ( ,cali/o1 & ! ,bootes1 "u t ( ,arcas1 _h _! tombs on ,arcadia1 ne> ! alt>s ( ! sun4 ,to ! same ,bootes a /atue 0 erect$ at ,byzantium1 & also to ,orion1 ! fam\s ,nembrod ( ! ,assyrians4 ,! ,syrians _h consecrat$ 9 _! temples ! images ( ,pisces1 7fi%es17 "o ( ! signs4 ,! con/ellations ,nesra1 or ,eagle1 ,aiyuk1 or ,goat1 ,yagu?o1 or ,pleiades1 & ,suwaha1 or ,alh\woa1 & ! ,s]p5t>ius 7 objects ( idolatry among ! anci5t ,sabians4 ,^! names are f\nd ev5 n[ 9 ,hyde's comm5t>y on ,ulug-,beigh4 ,lucian writes t ! :ole religi\s sy/em ( ! ,egyptians 0 tak5 f ! heav54 ,! mo/ ( ! cities 7 f\nd$ & built "u ! inspection & protection ( "o ( ! signs ( ! ,zodiac4 ,_! horoscope 0 drawn2 h5ce ! images ( />s on _! m$als4 ,! m$als ( ,antio* repres5t ! ,ram1 7,aries7 ) ! cresc5t ( ! moon2 ^? ( ! ,mam]t9es ! image ( ! ,bull1 7,taurus72 ^? ( ! k+s ( ,com>g5e1 ! image ( ! ,scorpion2 & ^? ( ,zeugma & ( ,anaz>ba1 ! image ( ! ,goat1 7,capricornus74 ,ne>ly all ! signs are f\nd on ! m$als ( ! ,anton9es4 ,! /> ,hesp]us 0 on ! national seal ( ! ,locrians1 ( ! ,ozoles1 & ( ! ,opuntians4 ,likewise we %all rem>k t ! anci5t fea/s1 or celebrations1 7 connect$ ) ! pr9cipal epo*s ( nature1 & ) ! heav5ly sy/em4 ,ev]y:]e ! sol/icial & equ9oxial celebrations are f\nd2 ev5 9 our days ! ,ca?olics celebrate ! beg9n+ ( ea* season ( ! ye> by fa/+ & ab/a9+ f meat4 ,fohi1 "o ( ! mo/ anci5t emp]ors ( ,*9a1 ord]$ sacrifices to be (f]$ to ! gods at ! comm5cem5t ( ea* season4 ,f\r pavilions 7 erect$ to ! moons ( ! f\r seasons4 ,! anci5t ,*9ese1 ,confucius says1 e/abli%$ a sacrifice 9 honor ( ,*ang-,ty1 at ! w9t] sol/ice1 & "o 9 ! spr+4 ,! emp]or alone has ! privilege to preside at ^! two c]emonies1 z be+ ! son ( heav54 ,! ,greeks & ! ,romans did ! same = l reasons4 ,! ,p]sians h _! ,neur\z1 or fea/ ( ! sun1 :5 ?is k+ ( ! day passes "u ! ,ram1 or "u ! sign ( ! equ9ox ( ! spr+4 ,x is ev5 n[ "o ( ! greate/ fe/ivities 9 ,p]sia4 ,at ! w9t]'s sol/ice ! anci5t ,egyptians l$ ! sacr$ c[ sev5 times ar\nd ! temple2 & at ! equ9ox ( ! spr+ !y solemnly celebrat$ ! com+ ( ! sun to once m vivify nature4 ,! celebration ( ! triumph ( fire & light took place 9 ! city ( ! sun1 9 ,assyria1 & 0 call$ ! celebration ( wood-piles4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has borr[$ ?is celebration f ! hea!n1 & has fix$ x on ! ,saturday be=e ,ea/]4 ,! fea/s celebrat$ by ! ,sabians to honor ! planets1 7 fix$ "u ! sign ( _! exaltation2 sometimes "u t ( _! mansion2 s ! fea/ ( ,saturn 0 celebrat$ by ! ,romans 9 ,decemb]1 "u ! ,capricornus 7,goat71 mansion ( ?is planet4 ,all ! celebrations ( ! old cal5d> ( ! ,pontiffs 7 connect$ ) ! rise or sett+ ( "s con/ellation or />1 z c be asc]ta9$ by read+ ! ,fa/es ( ,ovide4 ,! religi\s g5ius ( ! ,romans1 & ! relations ( _! celebrations ) nature1 are m especially se5 9 ! games ( ! circus4 ,! sun1 ! moon1 ! planets1 ! elem5ts1 ! univ]se & its pr9cipal p>ts1 7 repres5t$ ) emblems analag\s to _! nature4 ,9 ! ,hippodrome ! sun 0 se5 ) /e$s :i* imitat$ its c\rse 9 ! heav5s4 ,! fields ( ,olympia 7 repres5t$ by a va/ ar5a consecrat$ to ! sun4 ,9 ! middle !re 0 a temple ( ?is god1 cr[n$ ) 8 image4 ,! limits ( ! c\rse ( ! sun1 ! ,ori5t & ! ,occid5t1 7 trac$1 & m>k$ by limits plac$ at ! extremities ( ! circus4 ,! races took place f ! ea/ to ! we/ sev5 times1 because ( ! sev5 planets4 ,! sun1 ! moon1 ,jupit] & ,v5us1 _h ea* "o a *>iot4 ,! ,aurig or driv]s1 wore g>m5ts repres5t+ ! colors ( ! elem5ts4 ,! *>iot ( ! sun 0 drawn by f\r /e$s1 & t ( ! moon by two4 ,! ,zodiac 0 repres5t$ 9 ! circus by twelve gates2 & also ! revolution ( ! major & m9or ,ursas4 ,! sea1 or ,neptune1 ! e>?1 or ,c]es1 & ! o!r elem5ts1 7 p]sonifi$ 9 actors :o cont5d$ = ! prize4 ,! phases ( ! moon 7 also celebrat$1 & p>ticul>ly ! neom5y or new-moon2 = temples images & my/]ies _h be5 d$icat$ to ! god ,mon?1 or ,m5sis4 ,all ! c]emonial ( ! procession ( ,isis1 describ$ 9 ,apuleo1 ref]s to nature & its p>ts4 ,! sacr$ hymns ( ! anci5ts _h ! same object1 if we may judge ( !m by ^? ( ,orpheus4 ,*un1 "o ( ! mo/ anci5t emp]ors ( ,*9a1 ord]$ _m hymns to be compos$ to honor ! sun1 ! moon1 ! />s1 etc4 ,all ! pray]s conta9$ 9 ! books ,z5ds _h ! same objects4 ,! poetical *ants ( anci5t au?ors1 :o h transmitt$ to u ! !ogonies ( ,orpheus1 ( ,l9us1 ( ,hesiod1 etc41 relate to nature & its ag5ts4 ,hesiod ?us addresses ! ,muses3 ,s+ ! gods immortal1 sons ( ! e>? & ( ! />ry sky2 gods born f ! bosom ( night1 & nurs$ by ! ,ocean2 ! bright />s1 ! imm5se vault ( ! firmam5t1 & ! gods sprung f !m2 ! sea1 ! riv]s1 etc4 ,! songs ( ,iopas1 9 ! banquet (f]$ by ,dido to ! ,trojans1 conta9 ! lessons ( ! le>n$ ,atlas ab\t ! c\rse ( ! sun & ( ! moon2 ab\t ! orig9 ( m51 ( animals1 etc4 ,9 ! ,pa/orals ( ,virgil1 ! old ,sil5e s+s ! *aos & ! organization ( ! _w4 ,orpheus does ! same 9 ! ,argonautics ( ,apollonius4 ,! cosmogony ( ,san*oniaton1 or ( ! ,pho5icians1 conceals "u ! veil ( allegories ! great secrets ( nature :i* 7 taught to ^? initiat$4 ,! philosoph]s :o succe$$ to ! poets call$ all ! p>ts ( ! univ]se div9e4 ,9 ! op9ion ( ,py?agoras ! cele/ial bodies 7 immortal & div9e4 ,! sun1 ! moon1 & all ! />s sup]abundantly conta9$ heat1 or pr9ciple ( life4 ,he plac$ ! sub/ance ( ! deity 9 ! e!real fire1 ( :i* ! sun1 he said1 0 ! ma9 focus4 ,p>m5ides imag9$ a halo ar\nd ! _w1 & call$ x ! sub/ance ( ! deity2 ! />s p>took ( ! nature !re(4 ,alimeon ( ,crotona taught t ! sun1 ! moon1 & ! />s 7 ! gods4 ,anti/h5es ackn[l$g$ b "o deity1 nature4 ,plato attribut$ div9ity to ! _w1 to ! sky1 to ! />s1 & to ! e>?4 ,x5ocrates & ,h]aclides admitt$ eight great gods1 ! sev5 planets & ! heav5 ( ! fix$ />s4 ,!ophra/es call$ ! />s & ! cele/ial signs fir/ causes4 ,z5on said t ! e!r1 ! />s1 "t & its p>ts 7 gods4 ,clean!s admitt$ ! dogma ( ! div9ity ( ! univ]se1 & m especially ( ! e!real fire t envelops ! sph]es1 & p5etrates !m4 ,diog5e1 ! ,babylonian1 relat$ ! :ole my?ology to nature4 ,*rysippus held t ! _w 0 ,god4 ,he plac$ ! div9e sub/ance 9 ! e!real fire1 9 ! sun1 9 ! moon1 9 ! />s1 9 "o ^w1 9 nature & its pr9cipal p>ts4 ,anaxim&re1 ,anaxim5es & ,z5on _h ! same belief4 ,f ?is exposition ( ! religi\s & political monum5ts ( anci5t peoples1 ( _! celebrations1 & ( ! op9ions ( _! philosoph]s2 & also ( ! hi/orical facts br\ght =? be=e1 we draw ^! two logical & vital conclusions3-- #a/4 ,!re=e ! adoration ( ! va/ body ( nature1 toge!r ) ! great s\l :i* 0 suppos$ to animate x2 & ( its pr9cipal p>ts & memb]s1 toge!r ) ! multif>i\s emanations ( ! great s\l :i* 0 suppos$ to animate !m1 0 ! =m] & univ]sal religion ( mank9d 7except+ ! ,hebrews7 be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 #b;d4 ,!re=e ! hea!ns did n wor%ip ! idols !mselves1 to :i* !y _h giv5 su* & su* =ms to repres5t ! objects ( _! adorations1 b !y wor%ip$ :at 9 _! m9d !y repres5t$1 ! univ]se tak5 collectively1 z 9 ! idol ( ,pan2 & ! univ]se tak5 sep>ately1 namely1 ! important p>ts ( ! univ]se1 z 9 _! innum]able idols ( ! planets1 />s1 riv]s1 etc4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,my/]ies4 ,,:e!r ! ^w my/]y is d]iv$ f ! ,greek muo1 ,i close1 or f mueo1 ,i tea*1 is n an important "q1 = ! ^w my/]y has always impli$ ! d\ble idea ( secrecy & ( in/ruction4 ,k+s1 emp]ors1 & ev5 ! mo/ lib]al ( ! legislators1 seem to h believ$1 f ! v cradle ( nations1 t p ought to be gov]n$ ) fables1 because !y are too weak m9d$1 & too ignorant to und]/& & be> ! tru?4 ,( all ! errors :i* h en%r\d$ ! human race1 none has be5 m injuri\s to progress1 virtue1 & happ9ess among m54 ,ev5 9 our days1 ( all ! exi/+ gov]nm5ts1 !re is b "o1 if any at all1 :i* does n place its /r5g? ^u ! errone\s basis t ! p1 be+ n able to und]/& & be> ! tru?1 are m easily rul$ by be+ kept 9 _! ignorance & sup]/ition4 ,?is great error gave bir? to my/]ies4 ,:5 m5 con/itut$ !mselves into national bodies1 !y *ose m51 & ve/$ !m ) ! p[] ( adm9i/]+ _! int]e/s4 ,^? m5 =feit$ _! m&ate1 & became ! tyrants ( _! con/itu5ts4 ,9 ord] to secure & p]petuate _! sway1 !y associat$ to _! p]sonal int]e/s hi]ophants1 prie/s ( all k9ds1 a/ronom]s1 philosoph]s1 & poets1 :o compos$ fables1 int5d$ to h a moral be>+ ^u ! p1 & to make _! masses believe !m z be+ ! tru?4 ,^? fables !y call$ my/]ies4 ,egypt _h h] initiations1 kn[n "u ! "n ( my/]ies ( ,osiris & ,isis2 f :i* ^? ( ,bac*us & ,c]es 7 mo/ly copi$4 ,:5 we comp>e ! c\rses & adv5tures ( ! ,c]es ( ! ,greek1 ) ^? ( ! ,egyptian ,isis1 we c n b see ! filiation ( ^! two fables4 ,! poems ^: ,bac*us is ! h]o1 & ! hi/ory ( ! ,osiris1 ! c]emonies practic$ to honor ^! two deities1 & ! id5tity ( bo? ackn[l$g$ by ! anci5ts1 evid5tly prove t ! my/]ies ( ! latt] h giv5 bir? to ! =m]4 ,cybele & ,atys _h _! initiations1 & ! ,cabires also4 ,! ,*9ese _h & /ill h my/]ies on ,fo1 & ,p\sa2 ! ,japanese ^u ,xaca & ,amida2 ! ,siamois on ,sommonacodom2 ! ,indians on ,brama & ,rudra2 ! ,p>sis ^u ,ormuzd & ,ahriman4 ,! ,selles /udi$ ! my/]i\s words ( ! doves ( ,dodone2 ,p]sia1 ,e?iopia1 ,scy?ia1 ,gaul1 & ,sc&9avia1 _h _! cav]ns1 _! holy m\nts1 _! sacr$ oaks1 :]e ! brahmanes1 ! a/rolog]s1 ! gymnosophi/s & ! druids1 pron\nc$ ! inexplicable oracle ( ! immortals4 ,! ,mahom$ans h my/]ies on ! miracles ( ,mahomet4 ,we hope to int]e/ & in/ruct ! read] 9 translat+ ! foll[+ extract f ! ,voyage ( ,ana*>sis1 a reliable "w4 ,ana*>sis is suppos$ to h travel$ 9 ,greece1 9 ! f\r? c5tury be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,he ?us relates ! my/]ies ( ,eleusis3 ,i %all speak ( ! mo/ important po9t ( ! religion ( ! ,a!nians1 ( ^? my/]ies ^: orig9 is lo/ 9 ! night ( ages2 ^: c]emonies inspire no less t]ror ?an v5]ation2 & ^: secret has nev] be5 reveal$1 except by a few p]sons :o 7 imm$iately devot$ to dea?1 & to public execration2 = ! law n only pron\nces aga9/ !m ! confiscation ( _! prop]ty & ! loss ( _! life1 b x ord]s t a column be erect$1 to p]petuate ! rememb]ance ( _! crime & ( _! puni%m5t4 ,( all ! my/]ies e/abli%$ 9 honor ( ! gods1 none 7 m celebrat$ ?an ^? ( ,c]es4 ,?is goddess h]self1 x is said1 regulat$ !m1 :ile %e 0 w&]+ on ! e>? = ! purpose ( f9d+ ,pros]p9e1 ravi%$ by ,pluto1 %e arriv$ 9 ! pla9 ( ,eleusis4 ,pleas$ ) ! welcome ext5d$ to h] by ! inhabitants1 %e pres5t$ !m ) two signal$ bless+s1 agriculture1 & initiation to a sacr$ doctr9e4 ,x is add$1 t ! m9or my/]ies :i* are prep>atory to ! major1 7 in/itut$ to ! honor ( ,h]cules4 ,p believe1 t1 :]ev] ! ,a!nians e/abli%$ ! my/]ies ( ,eleusis1 ! _s ( union & humanity became m g5]al2 because !y free ! s\l f ignorance & /a9s2 procure ! p>ticul> assi/ance ( ! gods2 ! means ( arriv+ at ! p]fection ( virtue2 ! sweets ( a holy life2 ! hope ( a peaceable dea?1 & ( an endless bliss4 ,^? initiat$ w occupy a di/+ui%$ place 9 ! ,elysian fields2 !y w enjoy a pure light1 & !y w dwell 9 ! bosom ( ! ,deity2 :]eas1 ^? :o are pr(ane w dwell h]eaft] 9 abodes ( d>kness & ( horror4 ,9 ord] to avoid su* an alt]native ! ,greeks flock$ f ev]y:]e to ,eleusis to f9d ! promis$ bliss4 ,?\gh "y1 ! ,a!nians are admitt$ to ! c]emonies ( ! initiation2 & ^? :o nev] p>ticipat$ to !m ask ?is favor be=e !y die2 ! m5aces & ! pictures ( ! suff]+s ( ano!r life1 be=e consid]$ z a subject ( d]ision1 cause a m vivid impression on ! m9d2 & !n t]ror g5]ates weakness4 ,h[ev]1 !re are enlight5$ m5 :o d n believe t !re is any ne$ = !m to be initiat$ 9 ord] to be virtu\s4 ,socrates con/antly decl9$ jo9+ ! my/]ies2 &1 "o day1 ,diog5es be+ solicit$1 9 my pres5ce1 to ask = initiation1 answ]$3 ',patcion1 a fam\s ?ief1 0 initiat$2 ,epam9ondas & ,agesilas nev] ask$ = x4 ,c ,i believe t ! =m] w g to ! ,elysian fields & ! latt] to ! ,t>t>us4' ,all ! ,greeks c aspire to p>ticipate to ! my/]ies3 an anci5t law excludes ! =eign]s4 ,! major my/]ies are celebrat$ e ye> on ! fifte5? ( ! mon? ( ,bo$romion4 ,! celebration ( ! m9or my/]ies is also annual1 & takes place six mon?s be=e4 ,dur+ ! celebration ( ! major my/]ies ! tribunals are clos$4 ,! day foll[+1 ! s5ate pron\nces ! p5alty ( dea? aga9/ ^? :o h willfully di/urb$ ! c]emonies4 ,?is sev]ity is requir$ to ma9ta9 ord] among ! imm5se multitude ( p4 ,9 "t ( w> ! ,a!nians s5d to _! foes safe conducts to induce !m to assi/ at ! celebration4 ,on ! f\rte5? ( ,bo$romion1 9 ! second ye> ( ! "o hundr$ & n9? ,olympiad1 ,i left ,a!ns ) sev]al ( my fri5ds4 ,! gate ?r\gh :i* ! ,a!nians pass to g to ,eleusis is call$ sacr$4 ,! space betwe5 ^! two cities is ( ab\t "o hundr$ /adiums4 ,aft] cross+ a high hill deck$ ) rosy laurels1 we ent]$ ! t]ritory ( ,eleusis2 & we arriv$ on ! banks ( two small brooks consecrat$1 ! "o to ,c]es1 & ! o!r to ,pros]p9e4 ,i m5tion !m because ! prie/s ( ! temple are ! only ones :o are p]mitt$ to fi% 9 !m2 & because _! wat]s are salt$1 & are us$ 9 ! c]emonies ( initiation4 ,f>!r1 on ! bridge ( a riv] nam$ ,cephize1 we _h to be> ! mock]ies ( a num]\s populace1 :o /& !re to criticize ! com]s1 & m especially ! mo/ di/+ui%$ m5 ( ! ,republic4 ,x is an old tradition t ,c]es _h be5 welcom$ on ?is v spot by an old woman1 call$ ,yambe4 ,at a %ort di/ance f ! sea !re is a high & long hill1 at ! ea/]n end ( :i* ! fam\s temple ( ,c]es & ,pros]p9e has be5 re>$4 ,fur!r d[n is ! small city ( ,eleusis4 ,9 ! vic9ity1 & on ! hill itself1 !re are *apels & alt>s1 & ri* c\ntry-seats4 ,! temple1 built "u ! c>e ( ,p]icles1 on ! b>e rock1 is ( pantelic m>ble2 & is turn$ t[>ds ! ,ori5t4 ,x is s va/ z magnific5t2 its enclosure at ! s\? is ( ab\t ?ree hundr$ & eighty-f\r feet1 & at ! ea/ ( ?ree hundr$ & tw5ty-five4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ arti/s h adorn$ ?is temple ) ma/]-pieces ( art4 ,among ! num]\s prie/s :o (ficiate 9 ! temple1 !re are f\r pr9cipal4 ,! fir/ is ! ,hi]ophant2 8 "n designates ! "o :o reveals ! sacr$ ?+s1 & 8 ma9 (fice is to initiate ! po/ulants to ! my/]ies4 ,he appe>s ) a di/+ui%$ tunic2 8 =ehead is deck$ ) a diadem1 & 8 hair is float+ on 8 %\ld]s4 ,8 age mu/ be mature en\gh to correspond ) ! gravity ( 8 m9i/ry1 & 8 voice f9e en\gh to be pleas+ to ! e>s4 ,8 prie/hood is = life2 & he is oblig$ to keep celibacy4 ,! second prie/ c>ries ! sacr$ flambeau 9 ! c]emonies1 & purifies ! c&idates2 he has also ! privilege ( we>+ a diadem4 ,! two o!rs are ! sacr$ h]ald1 & ! assi/ant at ! alt>4 ,! hol9ess ( _! m9i/ry is r5d]$ ev5 m respectable by _! noble bir?4 ,! ,hi]ophant is *os5 9 ! family ( ! ,eumolpides1 "o ( ! mo/ anci5t ( ,a!ns2 ! sacr$ h]ald 9 t ( ! ,c]yces1 :i* is a collat]al bran* ( ! o!r2 ! two o!r prie/s belong also to illu/ri\s families4 ,^! f\r prie/s h "u _! comm& o!r m9i/]s1 su* z ! int]pret]s1 ! s+]s1 & o!r (fic]s1 :o h ! direction ( ! processions & o!r c]emonies4 ,also !re are at ,eleusis prie/esses consecrat$ to ,c]es & to ,pros]p9e4 ,!y h ! privilege ( initiat+ c]ta9 p]sons on p>ticul> days1 & to (f] sacrifices4 ,! celebrations are presid$ by ! second ( ! ,ar*ontes1 ^: duty is to keep ord]1 & to prev5t any *ange or alt]ation 9 ! wor%ip4 ,!y la/ sev]al days4 ,sometimes ^? initiat$ int]rupt _! sleep to cont9ue _! pi\s ex]cises3 we saw !m dur+ ! night cross+ ! enclosure1 walk+ 9 sil5ce two by two1 & hold+ ea* "o a light$ tor*4 ,:5 !y re5t]$ ! sacr$ asylum !y ha/5$ _! m>*2 & ,i le>n$ t !y 7 go+ to figure ! c\rses ( ,c]es & ( ,pros]p9e2 & t1 9 _! rapid evolutions1 !y %ook _! tor*es1 & h&$ !m to ea* o!r4 ,! light :i* spr+s out1 x is said1 has ! virtue ( purify+ ! s\ls1 & becomes ! symbol ( ! light :i* ought to in/ruct !m4 ,"o day games 7 celebrat$ 9 ! honor ( ! two goddesses4 ,fam\s *ampions _h come f v>i\s p>ts ( ,greece1 & ! prize 0 a measure ( b>ley1 rais$ 9 ! neighbor+ pla91 ^: inhabitants hold f ,c]es ! art ( cultivat+ ?is sort ( :eat4 ,on ! six? day1 ! mo/ brilliant ( all1 ! prie/s ( ! temple1 & ^? initiat$1 c>ri$ f ,a!ns to ,eleusis1 ! /atue ( ,iac*us1 said to be ! son ( ,c]es or ( ,pros]p9e4 ,! god1 cr[n$ ) myrtle1 held a flambeau4 ,ab\t ?irty ?\s& p foll[$1 mak+ ! air res\nd ) ! "n ( ,iac*us4 ,! m>*1 l$ by ! s\nd ( in/rum5ts & ! s++ ( hymns1 0 sometimes susp5d$ to p]=m dances & sacrifices4 ,! /atue 0 introduc$ 9 ! temple ( ,eleusis1 & !n tak5 back 9 8 own1 ) ! same spl5dors1 & ! same c]emonies4 ,_m ( ^? :o compos$ ! procession _h be5 initiat$ only to ! m9or my/]ies1 annually celebrat$ 9 a small temple1 situat$ ne> ! ,illissus4 ,!re a prie/ exam9es & prep>es ! c&idates2 he excludes !m if !y are guilty ( enorm\s crimes1 & p>ticul>ly if !y h committ$ murd]1 ev5 )\t purpose4 ,he imposes ^u ! o!rs frequ5t expiations1 & tea*es !m ! fir/ rudim5ts ( ! sacr$ doctr9e4 ,?is noviciate sometimes la/s sev]al ye>s1 b g5]ally "o only4 ,dur+ ! "t ( probation1 ! c&idates assi/ at ! celebration ( ! major my/]ies2 b !y rema9 at ! door ( ! temple4 ,! initiation to ! great my/]ies _h be5 appo9t$ = ! night foll[+4 ,"o ( ! prep>atory c]emonies 0 ! (f]+ ( sacrifices1 = ! prosp]ity ( ! /ate1 presid$ by ! second ( ! ,ar*ontes4 ,! novices 7 cr[n$ ) myrtle4 ,_! robes seem to contract su* a hol9ess t _m ( !m we> !m until !y are worn out2 o!rs make ( !m swaddl+-clo!s = _! *ildr51 or hang !m 9 ! temple4 ,we saw !m ent] 9 ! sacr$ hall2 &1 on ! next morn+1 "o ( my fri5ds1 :o _h be5 newly initiat$1 relat$ to me _m ( ! c]emonies :i* he _h witness$4 ,he told me1 ',we f\nd ! m9i/]s ( ! temple dress$ 9 _! pontifical robes4 ,! ,hi]ophant1 :o1 9 t mom5t1 repres5ts ! au?or ( ! univ]se1 _h symbols :i* designat$ ! p[] supreme4 ,! flambeau-be>] & ! assi/ant to ! alt> appe>$ ) ! attributes ( ! sun & ( ! moon2 & ! sacr$ h]ald ) ^? ( ,m]cury4 ,we _h j tak5 our seats :5 ! h]ald exclaim$3 ',away f "h ye pr(ane & impi\s m51 & all ^? ^: s\ls are contam9at$ ) crimes6' ,! p5alty ( dea? 0 decre$ aga9/ ^? :o _h ! tem]ity ( rema9+ 9 ! temple )\t be+ entitl$ to x1 aft] ?is admonition4 ,! second ( ! prie/s ord]$ t ! sk9s ( ! victims be spread b5ea? our feet2 & he purifi$ u anew4 ,! rituals ( initiation 7 l\dly read1 & hymns 9 ! honor ( ,c]es 7 sung4 ,soon aft] a ro> 0 he>d4 ,! e>? seem$ to %ake4 ,amid lightn+ & ?und] phantoms & spectres 7 se5 roam+ 9 d>kness4 ,!y fill$ ! holy hall ) s\l-r5d+ groans & h[l+s4 ,suff]+s1 c>es1 diseases1 pov]ty1 & dea?1 "u hide\s =ms1 /ruck our gaze4 ,! ,hi]ophant expla9$ ^! v>i\s emblems1 & 8 vivid pictures add$ to our t]ror4 ,h[ev]1 guid$ by a feeble light1 we 7 advanc+ t[>ds ! regions ( ! ,t>t>us1 :]e ! s\ls get purifi$ be=e !y rea* ! abode ( bliss4 ,amid/ sorr[ful voices we he>d ! bitt] regrets ( ^? :o _h committ$ suicide4 ,!y are puni%$1 ! ,hi]ophant said1 because !y h des]t$ ! po/s assign$ to !m by ! gods4 ,he _h sc>cely pron\nc$ ^! words1 :5 brass gates 7 ?r[n op5 be=e u ) a frightful ro>1 & !n we saw ! horrors ( ! ,t>t>us4 ,x res\nd$ ) ! rattle ( *a9s1 & ! yells ( its un=tunate inmates4 ,le>n f u1 did !y say1 to respect ! gods1 & to be j & grateful4 ,we saw ! furies1 arm$ ) :ips1 unm]cifully tortur+ ! crim9als4 ,^! fright5+ pictures1 made m s by ! sonor\s & impos+ voice ( ! ,hi]ophant1 :o seem$ to ex]cise ! m9i/ry ( div9e v5geance1 fill$ our s\l ) t]ror4 ,9 f9e1 we 7 introduc$ 9 delightful ?ickets2 9 enamel$ mead[s2 =tunate abodes1 image ( ! ,elysean fields1 :]e a pure light %one1 :]e *>m+ voices 7 he>d4 ,we pass$ into ! sanctu>y1 :]e we saw ! /atue ( ! goddess respl5d5t ) brightness1 & dress$ 9 ! ri*e/ attire4 ,9 ?is sanctu>y our trials end$2 !re our eyes saw1 & our e>s he>d1 :at we are =bidd5 to reveal4 ,i w simply confess t 9 ! delirium ( a holy joy we sung hymns ( joy4' ,su* 0 ! recital ( ! newly-initiat$4 ,ano!r told me a circum/ance :i* ! o!r omitt$4 ,"o day1 dur+ ! celebrations1 ! ,hi]ophant uncov]$ ! my/]i\s baskets1 :i* are c>ri$ 9 ! procession1 & :i* are ! object ( ! public v5]ation4 ,!y conta9$ ! sacr$ symbols1 ^: sight is prohibit$ to ^? un9itiat$1 & :i* are b cakes ( v>i\s =ms1 gra9s ( salt1 & o!r objects1 :i* relate to ! hi/ory ( ,c]es1 & to ! dogmas taught 9 ! my/]ies4 ,:5 ^? initiat$ h tak5 !m f a basket1 & put !m 9 ano!r1 !y say t !y h fa/$ & drank ! ,ciceon4 ,i (t5 met ) m5 :o 7 n initiat$1 & :o freely express$ _! op9ions ab\t ! secret doctr9es taught 9 ! my/]ies4 ,"o ( ! disciples ( ,plato said3 ',x seems to be c]ta9 t ! ,hi]ophant tea*es ! necessity ( pa9s & rew>ds beyond ! grave2 & t he repres5ts to ! po/ulants ! v>i\s de/9ies ( m5 "h bel[ & h]eaft]4 ,also x seems to be c]ta9 t he tea*es !m1 t1 among ! great numb] ( deities ador$ by ! multitude1 ! ones are pure spirits1 :o1 m9i/]s ( ! w ( ! god supreme1 regulate "u 8 comm& ! motion ( ! univ]se2 & ! o!rs h be5 simple mortals1 ^: tombs are kept yet 9 sev]al p>ts ( ,greece4 ,is x n natural to ?9k1 t1 9 ord] to give a m accurate idea ( ! ,deity1 ! in/itutors ( my/]ies endeavor$ to ma9ta91 & to ?us p]petuate a dogma1 ^: ve/iges are m or less visible 9 ! op9ions1 & c]emonies1 ( ne>ly all nations--t ( a ,god1 :o is ! pr9cipal & end ( all ?+s8 ,su* is1 9 my op9ion1 ! augu/ secret reveal$ to ^? initiat$4' ,no d\bt political ends enc\rag$ ! in/itution ( ?is religi\s association4 ,poly!ism 0 g5]ally spread1 & 0 pleas+ ! p1 b on acc\nt ( ! multiplicity ( ! gods x 0 dang]\s to society4 ,x 0 ?\ght wis] n to de/roy ?is belief1 b to c\nt]balance x by a pur] religion4 ,z ! p are m re/ra9$ by ! laws ?an by ab/ract pr9ciples ( morals1 ! legislators contriv$ to h>monize ! sup]/ition ( ! p ) pur] religi\s & moral pr9ciples1 :i* !y %\ld simultane\sly tea*4 ',?us1' ! disciple ( ,plato add$1 'y und]/& :y ! gods are repres5t$ on ! !atre ( ,a!ns3 ! magi/rates :o d n believe ! false doctr9es ( ,poly!ism are v c>eful n to repress a sup]/ition & a lic5se1 :i* amuse ! p1 & ^: repression w\ld indispose !m4 ',also y und]/& h[ two religions1 ?\gh oppos$ 9 _! dogmas1 conjo9tly exi/ 9 peace & h>mony 9 ! same cities4 ,! reason ( x is1 t1 ?\gh _! dogmas are diff]5t1 ^! religions use ! same language1 & t ! tru? has = ! error ! same tol]ance1 & c\rtesy1 :i* ! tru? %\ld obta9 f ! error4 ,ext]nally ! my/]ies pres5t b ! wor%ip adopt$ by ! p4 ,! hymns sung 9 public1 & ! mo/ ( ! c]emonies retrace to ! masses _m circum/ances ( ! rape ( ,pros]p9e1 ( ! c\rses ( ,c]es1 ( h] arrival & soj\rn at ,eleusis4 ,! vic9ity ( ?is city is full ( monum5ts re>$ 9 ! honor ( ! goddess1 & ! prie/s %[1 z yet1 ! /one ^u :i*1 tradition relates1 %e re/$ :5 exhau/$ ) fatigue4 ,?us1 on "o h&1 ! ignorant p believe appe>ances z if !y 7 realities2 & on ano!r h&1 ^? :o h be5 initiat$1 hav+ a cle> sight ( ! _s ( ! my/]ies1 ?9k !y are "r on acc\nt ( ! purity ( _! int5tions4' ,:atev] x may be ( ! supposition ,i h relat$1 ! initiation is n[ b a va9 c]emony4 ,^? :o h be5 initiat$ are n m virtu\s ?an ! o!rs2 e day !y violate _! pl$ge ( ab/a9+ f f[l1 f fi%1 f pomegranates1 f beans1 & sev]al o!r k9ds ( fruits1 & ( vegetables4 ,sev]al h contract$ ?is sacr$ engagem5t ?r\gh unwor?y means2 =1 n long ago1 we h se5 ! gov]nm5t p]mitt+ ! sale ( ! privilege ( p>ticipat+ to ! my/]ies2 &1 = a long :ile1 wom5 ( ill fame h be5 admitt$ to initiation4 ,z x w\ld require volumes to describe ! c]emonies ( all ^! ,pagan my/]ies1 we %all only exam9e _! g5]al "*2 %[ =? _! end2 gr\p toge!r _! common features1 & glance at ! means us$ by political & religi\s lead]s1 to give a full scope to ?is p[]ful gov]nm5tal eng9e4 ,! my/]ies ( ,eleusis1 & 9 g5]al ( all my/]ies1 aim$ at ! amelioration ( mank9d1 at ! re=mation ( morals1 & at tak+ hold ( ! s\ls ( m5 ) m p[] ?an ?r\gh ! means ( ! laws4 ,if ! means us$ 0 n lawful1 we mu/ h[ev] confess t ! aim 0 laudable1 n 9 ! m9ds ( k+s1 emp]ors1 hi]ophants & o!r prie/s1 b 9 itself4 ,cic]o1 ! illu/ri\s ,roman orator1 said1 t ! in/itution ( my/]ies 0 "o ( ! mo/ useful to humanity2 at lea/ ! my/]ies ( ,eleusis1 ^: effects1 he add$1 h be5 to civilize nations2 to s(t5 ! b>b>\s & f]oci\s habits & morals ( ! fir/ societies ( m52 & to make kn[n ! mo/ important pr9ciples ( morals1 :i* initiate man to a sort ( life t is wor?y ( 8 nature4 ,! same 0 said ( ,orpheus1 :o introduc$ 9 ,greece ! my/]ies ( ,bac*us4 ,poets wrote ( him1 t he _h tam$ tig]s & lions2 & t he attract$ ev5 trees & rocks ) ! melodi\s /ra9s ( 8 lyre4 ,my/]ies aim$ at ! e/abli%m5t ( ! reign ( ju/ice & ( religion1 9 ! sy/em ( ! rul]s1 :o1 f policy1 ma9ta9$ ! "o by ! o!r4 ,?is d\ble end is conta9$ 9 ?is v]se ( ,virgil3--,le>n f me to respect ju/ice & ! gods2 ?is 0 ! great lesson giv5 by ! ,hi]ophant :5 ! po/ulants 7 initiat$4 ,^? initiat$ le>n$ 9 ^? pr(\nd sanctu>ies1 "u ! d>k & deep veil ( fables1 _! duties t[>ds _! fell[ m52 pret5d$ duties :i* !y 7 taught to ! gods1 &1 m un=tunately yet1 pret5d$ duties t[>ds _! political & religi\s lead]s1 or r tyrants4 ,rul]s us$ all imag9able means to give a sup]natural "* to _! laws1 & to make ! p believe t !y _h ?is "*4 ,! impos+ picture ( ! univ]se1 & ! poetry ( my?ological conceptions1 gave to ! legislators ! subject ( ! v>i$ & wond]ful sc5es :i* 7 repres5t$ 9 ! temples ( ,egypt1 ( ,asia1 & ( ,greece4 ,all t c produce illusion1 all ! res\rces ( wit*craft & ( !atrical exhibitions1 :i* 7 b ! secret k ( ! effects ( nature1 & ! art ( imitat+ !m2 ! brilliant pomp ( fe/ivities2 ! v>iety & ri*es ( decorations & co/umes2 ! maje/y ( ! c]emonial2 ! captivat+ p[] ( music2 ! *oirs2 ! *ants2 ! dances2 ! electrify+ s\nds ( cymbals1 calculat$ to produce en?usiasm & delirium1 & m favorable to religi\s exaltation ?an ! calm ( reason1 all 0 br\ght to action to attract ! p to ! celebration ( ! my/]ies2 & to create 9 _! s\ls a want1 a desire = !m4 ,"u ! *>ms ( pleasure1 ( rejoic+s & ( celebrations1 legislators & o!r rul]s (t5times conceal$ a salut>y aim2 & !y treat$ ! p l a *ild1 :i* c nev] be m efficaci\sly in/ruct$1 ?an :5 he ?9ks t 8 preceptor int5ds only to amuse him4 ,!y resort$ to great in/itutions to %ape society2 to =m habits2 & to direct public op9ion & morals4 ,h[ magnific5t 0 ! procession ( ^? initiat$ advanc+ to ! temple ( ,eleusis6 ,! bann]s1 ! sacr$ *ants1 ! music1 ! co/umes1 & ! dances1 _h a raptur\s effect on ! masses4 ,!y ?rong$ an imm5se temple2 we say imm5se1 = if we judge ! numb] ( ^? initiat$ by ! numb] ( ^? :o assembl$ 9 ! pla9s ( ,?riase1 :5 ,x]xes w5t to ,attic1 !y 7 m ?an ?irty ?\s&4 ,! co/ly & gl[+ ornam5ts :i* deck$ ! va/ hall1 ! symbolic /atues1 :i* 7 ma/]-pieces ( sculpture1 & ! my/]i\s pictures :i* 7 symmetrically arrang$ 9 ! rotunda ( ! sanctu>y1 fill$ ! s\l ) amazem5t1 & ) a religi\s respect4 ,all t 0 se5 9 ! temple1 ! decorations1 co/umes1 c]emonies1 spl5dor2 & all t 0 he>d1 ! sacr$ *ants1 ! melody ( in/rum5ts1 ! my?ological tea*+1 ! elevat+ poetry & ! eloqu5ce ( orators1 /ruck ! spectators ) wond]1 produc$ & left 9 _! s\ls ! mo/ pr(\nd impressions4 ,n only ! univ]se 0 pres5t$ to _! gaze "u ! emblem ( an egg divid$ into twelve p>ts1 repres5t+ ! mon?s ( ! ye>1 b also ! division ( ! univ]se into cause active & cause passive1 & its division into ! ,pr9ciple ( light1 or good god1 & ! ,pr9ciple ( d>kness1 or bad god4 ,v>ron in=ms u t ! great gods ador$ at ,samo?race 7 ! heav5 & ! e>?1 consid]$1 ! fir/ z ! cause active1 & ! second z ! cause passive ( g5]ation4 ,9 o!r my/]ies ! same idea 0 retrac$ by ! exposition ( ! ,phallus & ( ! ,cteis4 ,x is ! ,l+ham ( ! ,indians4 ,! same 0 done 9 reg>d to ! division ( ! _w into two ,pr9ciples1 ! "o ( light1 or good god1 & ! o!r ( d>kness1 or bad god4 ,plut>* writes1 t ?is religi\s dogma _h be5 consecrat$ 9 ! initiations1 & 9 ! my/]ies ( all nations2 & ! example :i* he puts =?1 extract$ f bo? ! !ology ( ! ,*aldeans1 & f ! dogma ( ! symbolic egg produc$ by ^! two ,pr9ciples1 is a pro( ( x4 ,9 ! temple ( ,eleusis !re 7 sc5es ( d>kness & ( light1 :i* 7 successively pres5t$ to ! eyes ( ! c&idates to initiation3 ^? sc5es retrac$ ! combats ( ! ,pr9ciple ( light1 or good god1 & ( ! ,pr9ciple ( d>kness1 or bad god4 ,9 ! cav]n ( ! god ,sun1 or ,mi?ra1 ! prie/s _h repres5t$1 among ! my/]i\s pictures ( ! initiation1 ! desc5t ( ! s\ls to ! e>?1 & _! return to ! heav5s ?r\gh ! sev5 planet>y sph]es4 ,also 7 exhibit$ ! phantoms ( invisible p[]s1 :i* *a9$ !m to bodies1 or fre$ !m f _! bonds4 ,sev]al millions ( m5 witness$ ^? v>i\s spectacles1 ( :i* !y 7 mo/ sev]ely =bidd5 to speak be=e ! public4 ,h[ev] ! poets1 ! orators1 & ! hi/orians give u 9 _! writ+s "s idea ( :at 7 ^? sc5es1 =mulas1 c]emonies1 fables1 & morals1--z1 = in/ance1 9 :at !y h writt5 ab\t ! adv5tures ( ,c]es1 & ( h] daught]4 ,!re 0 se5 ! *>iot ( ?is goddess drawn by dragons2 x seem$ to hov] above ! e>? & ! seas4 ,x 0 a true !atrical exhibition4 ,! v>iety ( ! sc5es 0 pleas+1 & ! play ( ma*9es 0 attractive4 ,grave 7 ! actors1 maje/ic ! c]emonial1 & passion-/irr+ ! fables & repres5tations4 ,! hi]ophants1 or prie/s1 pr(\ndly v]s$ 9 ! k ( ! g5ius ( ! p1 & 9 ! art ( lead+ !m1 avail$ ( ! m9ute/ circum/ances to create 9 !m ! desire to be initiat$ to _! my/]ies4 ,night seems to be ! "m ( secrecy & ! emblem ( my/]y2 x is favorable to pre/ige & illusion2 9 consequ5ce !y celebrat$ _! my/]ies 9 ! night4 ,! fif? day ( ! celebration ( ! my/]ies ( ,eleusis 0 r5[n$ by ! sup]b tor*light procession1 9 :i* ^? initiat$1 hold+ ea* "o a bright tor*1 walk$ two by two we>+ enigmatic emblems4 ,x 0 dur+ ! night1 t ! ,egyptians solemnly & processionally w5t to ! %ore ( a lake2 !y emb>k$1 & l&$ 9 an isl& beautifully situat$ 9 ! middle ( ! lake2 & !re !y celebrat$ ! my/]ies ( ! passion ( ,osiris4 ,at o!r times ^? celebrations took place 9 va/ & d>k grottos1 or 9 retir$ & %ady ?ickets4 ,ev5 n[1 9 ,france1 are se5 cav]ns :]e ! ,druids celebrat$ _! my/]ies2 & =e/s :]e ! ,gauls assembl$ at midnight2 hung ! heads ( _! vanqui%$ enemies2 immolat$ a "y virg9 on ! alt> ( ,teutates2 & celebrat$ _! my/]ies "u ! lead]%ip ( ! ,druids4 ,! c]emonial ( ! my/]ies 0 orda9$1 p>ticul>ly among ! civiliz$ & popul\s nations1 9 su* a mann] t x c\ld n fail to excite ! curiosity ( ! p1 :o naturally eag]ly desire & seek to "k :at is held 9 secrecy4 ,legislators & hi]ophants r5d]$ ?is curiosity m int5se by ! extremely /r+5t law ( secrecy impos$ ^u ^? initiat$4 ,?us ! pr(ane1 namely1 ^? un9itiat$1 7 ! m desir\s to be acqua9t$ ) ! my/]ies1 & ?us !y jo9$ !m 9 l>ge numb]s4 ,legislators gave to ?is _s ( secrecy ! mo/ speci\s pretext4 ,x 0 prop]1 !y said1 to imitate ! gods :o conceal$ !mselves f man's gaze1 = ! purpose ( creat+ 9 8 s\l ! desire to f9d !m2 & :o h made ! ph5om5a ( nature a pr(\nd secret to !m1 9 ord] to /imulate !m to ! /udy ( ! univ]se4 ,^? initiat$ 7 n p]mitt$ to speak ( ! my/]ies except among !mselves4 ,! p5alty ( dea? _h be5 decre$ aga9/ ! "o :o w\ld h reveal$ !m1 ev5 )\t purpose2 & also aga9/ any "o :o w\ld h ent]$ ! sacr$ temple be=e hav+ be5 previ\sly initiat$4 ,ari/oteles 0 accus$ ( impiety by ! hi]ophant ,eurym$on1 = hav+ sacrific$ to ! manes ( 8 wife1 accord+ to ! rite practic$ 9 ! wor%ip ( ,c]es4 ,he _h to flee1 & to retire at ,*alcis to save 8 life2 & 9 ord] to cle> 8 "n f ?is /a9 he ord]$ 8 heirs to erect a /atue to ,c]es4 ,es*yles1 hav+ be5 *>g$ ) hav+ writt5 ab\t my/]i\s subjects1 sav$ 8 life only by prov+ t he _h nev] be5 initiat$4 ,! entry ( ! temple ( ,c]es1 & ! p>ticipation to h] my/]ies1 7 prohibit$ to ! slaves1 & to ^? ^: bir? 0 n legal2 to wom5 ( ill fame1 to ! philosoph]s :o d5i$ a ,provid5ce1 su* z ! ,epicureans1 etc4 ,?is int]diction 0 consid]$ z a great deprivation1 = x 0 g5]ally believ$ among ! p t initiation 0 ! greate/ bless+4 ,9 fact1 ^? initiat$ 7 taught t !y belong$ to a class ( privileg$ be+s1 & 7 ! favorites ( ! gods4 ,! prie/s ( ,samo?race cr$it$ _! initiation by promis+ favorable w9ds1 a spe$y & safe navigation to travel]s :o 7 c&idates to _! my/]ies4 ,^? initiat$ to ! my/]ies ( ,orpheus believ$ t !y 7 no long] "u ! rule ( ! evil pr9ciple2 t initiation made !m holy1 & secur$ to !m future happ9ess4 ,aft] ! c]emonies ( ! initiation ! c&idate ?us answ]$ to ! prie/3 ,i h reject$ ! evil & f\nd ! good4 ,aft] t he consid]$ himself1 & 0 consid]$ by 8 fell[s1 :olly purifi$4 ,^? :o 7 initiat$ to ! my/]ies ( ,eleusis believ$ t ! sun %one bright] & pur] to _! eyes ?an to ! sight ( o!r m52 also t ! goddesses inspir$ & gave !m c\nsels f ! heav51 z se5 by ! example ( ,p]icles4 ,initiation 0 consid]$ z free+ ! s\l f ! d>kness ( error2 z prev5t+ mis=tunes2 & z secur+ happ9ess on e>?4 ,"o ( ! greate/ bless+s & privileges ( ! initiation1 ! hi]ophant & o!r prie/s taught1 0 to secure "h bel[ a direct communion ) ! gods1 & m especially beyond ! grave4 ,accord+ to ,cic]o1 ,isocrates1 & ! rhetor ,ari/ides1 :5 he :o _h be5 initiat$ dep>t$ f ?is e>?ly life he inhabit$ mead[s enamel$ ) fl[]s ( a cele/ial beauty1 & light$ ) a sun bright] & pur] ?an ! "o we see4 ,9 t *>m+ abode he 0 to live c5turies1 & long pres]ve 8 y\?4 ,:5 arriv$ at an old age1 he 0 to become "y aga94 ,!re 0 no labor1 no sorr[1 b all 0 rapture & delight4 ,9 ! ,greek & ,roman my/]ies ! unity & also ! tr9ity ( ,god 7 consecrat$ dogmas4 ,jupit] 0 ador$ z ! fa!r ( ! gods & ( m51 & z fill+ ! :ole univ]se ) 8 p[]4 ,he 0 ! supreme mon>* ( nature3 ! names ( gods ascrib$ to ! o!r deities 7 m ( an association 9 ! title ?an 9 ! nature ( _! p[]1 = ea* "o ( !m _h a p>ticul> "w to p]=m "u ! comm& ( ! supreme ,god4 ,9 ! my/]ies ( ! religion ( ! ,greeks1 a hymn express+ ! unity ( ,god or ,jupit] 0 sung2 & ! ,high ,prie/1 turn+ t[>ds ! wor%ip]s1 said3 ,admire ! ma/] ( ! univ]se2 he is "o2 he is ev]y:]e4 ,x 0 ackn[l$g$ by ,eusebius1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,lactance1 ,ju/91 ,a!nagoras1 & _m o!r ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 t ! dogma ( ! unity ( ,god 0 admitt$ by anci5t philosoph]s1 & 0 ! basis ( ! religion ( ,orpheus1 & ( all ! my/]ies ( ! ,greeks4 ,! ,platonicians believ$ 9 ! unity ( ! ar*etype1 or model on :i* ,god =m$ ! _w2 also !y believ$ 9 ! unity ( demi\rgos1 or god-=m+1 by a consequ5ce ( ! same philosophical pr9ciples1 namely1 f ! unity itself ( ! univ]se1 z c be se5 9 ,proclus1 & 9 ! writ+s ( ! ,platonician au?ors4 ,tr9ity also1 7see *apt] fif?7 0 taught 9 ! my/]ies4 ,py?agoras1 & _m o!r philosoph]s1 expla9$ ! unity & tr9ity ( ,god by ! !ory ( numb]s4 ,!y call$ ! monade cause1 or pr9ciple4 ,!y express$ by ! numb] "o1 or unit1 ! fir/ cause1 & !y conclud$ to ! unity ( ,god f ma!matical ab/ractions4 ,next to ?is unity !y plac$ triades1 :i* express$ faculties or p[]s emanat$ f !m1 & also intellig5ces ( a second ord]4 ,! triple inc>nation ( ! god ,wi*n\ into ! body ( a virg9 0 "o ( ! doctr9es taught 9 ! my/]ies ( ,mi?ra4 ,s mu* = ! my/]ies ( ,paganism2 h[ev]1 we %all1 9 ! c\rse ( ?is "w1 ref] to !m sev]al times4 ,let u n[ exam9e ! orig9 ( ! my/]ies1 :i*1 ! ,p>tiali/s say1 ,jesus ,*ri/ has taught4 ,my/]ies suppose secrecy2 b ,jesus ,*ri/ prea*$ 8 ,gospel 9 ! op5 air to 8 apo/les1 to 8 disciples1 to cr[ds ( p1 & to all :o 7 will+ to he> 8 doctr9es4 ,he urg$ ^u 8 disciples to prea* above ! ro(s :at he taught !m4 ,:51 aft] 8 dea?1 8 apo/les spread 8 gospel1 !y spoke 9 op5 air1 ev]y:]e1 to masses ( p2 ,paul to ! ,areopagus1 to ?\s&s 9 ,j]usalem1 etc4 ,h[ !n c x be suppos$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ taught my/]ies8 ,inde$1 he did n1 b aft]w>ds sev]al ,*ri/ian *ur*es did4 ,! ,prote/ant hi/orian1 ,mo%eim1 cites 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ur*1 sev]al au?ors1 :o /ate1 t1 9 ! second c5tury1 sev]al ,*ri/ian *ur*es imitat$ ! my/]ies ( ,paganism4 ,! pr(\nd respect1 !y say1 t ! p ent]ta9$ = ^? my/]ies1 & ! extraord9>y sacr$ness ascrib$ to !m 7 = ! ,*ri/ians a motive suffici5t to give a my/]i\s appe>ance to _! religion1 s z to comm& z mu* respect to ! public z ! religion ( ! ,pagans4 ,to ?is effect !y call$ my/]ies ! in/itutions ( ! ,gospel1 p>ticul>ly ! ,eu*>i/4 ,!y us$ 9 ?is c]emony1 & 9 t ( baptism1 sev]al words & rites consecrat$ 9 ! my/]ies ( ! ,pagans4 ,?is abuse comm5c$ 9 ,ori5t1 *iefly 9 ,egypt2 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury1 0 "o ( ^? :o contribut$ ! mo/ to ?is innovation1 :i* !n spread 9 ,occid5t :5 ,adrian _h introduc$ ! my/]ies 9 t portion ( ! ,empire4 ,h5ce1 a l>ge portion ( ! s]vice ( ! ,*ur* h>dly diff]$ f t ( ,paganism4 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome copi$ _m ( ! c]emonies1 rites1 cu/oms1 & fables ( ,pagan my/]ies is c]ta91 = !y h be5 p]petuat$ 9 t ,*ur* d[n to our days4 ,f ! ,pagan my/]ies ! ,roman ,*ur* borr[$ ! foll[+3 ,9 ! initiation to ! ,pagan my/]ies !re 7 degrees2 s 9 ! ,roman ,*ur* !re are ! degrees ( port] or door-keep]1 ( acolyte1 ( read] & ( exorci/2 ! latt] degree conf]s ! p[] ( expell+ ! devil4 ,! ecclesia/ical ornam5ts 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 ) ! diff]5ce ( ! cross repres5t$ on !m & ( "s trimm+1 are l ^? us$ 9 ! my/]ies ( ! ,pagans1 at lea/ 9 ,rome1 & 9 ,greece4 ,! long float+ g[n1 ! girdle1 ! casula1 ! /ola1 ! dalmatica1 ! r\nd & pyramidal cap1 ! capa1 & sev]al o!r g>m5ts & ornam5ts1 are alike to ^? us$ 9 ! temples1 :]e ! my/]ies ( ! ,pagans 7 celebrat$4 ,9 ^? temples !re 0 an alt> ri*ly decorat$2 s x is 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,9 ^? temples !re 7 twelve flambeaux1 repres5t+ ! twelve mon?s ( ! ye>3 s !re are 9 ,ca?olic *ur*es1 ^u ! fir/ degree above ! alt>1 six *&eli]s ) six tap]s burn+ dur+ ! celebration ( ! my/]ies or mass2 six o!rs are on ! second degree4 ,! ve/als kept a light con/antly burn+ 9 ! ,pagan temples3 s a lamp is kept burn+1 day & night1 ne> ! alt>1 9 ! ,ca?olic *ur*es4 ,9 ! ,pagan temples ! disc ( ! sun & 8 beams 7 repres5t$3 s !y are 9 ! ,ca?olic *ur*es4 ,^u ! alt>1 9 ! ,pagan temples1 !re 0 an image ( ! god ,osiris or ,bac*us1 & ! emblems ( an aries or lamb3 s ^u ! alt>1 9 ,ca?olic *ur*es1 !re is a tab]nacle 9 :i* ,god is said to dwell1 & ! door ( ! tab]nacle repres5ts a ble$+ lamb4 ,! ,pagans solemnly & processionally c>ri$ ! image ( ,osiris1 or ,bac*us1 ar\nd ! head ( :i* !re 0 a halo repres5t+ ! rays ( ! sun3 s 9 ! ,romi% *ur* ! prie/s processionally & ) great pomp1 c>ry1 bo? 9 ! aisles ( ! *ur*es & on ! /reets1 a waf] :i* !y call ,god4 ,x is encas$ 9 a silv] or gold o/5s]ium1 ^: circul> c5tre1 9 :i* _! pret5d$ ,god is se5 betwe5 two cry/als1 is %ap$ l ! disc ( ! sun2 & ! outside1 ( :i* call$ halo or glory1 is %ap$ l 8 rays4 ,9 ! ,pagan temples !re 0 a sanctu>y exclusively res]v$ to ! high-pontiff1 & to ! prie/s3 s x is 9 ! ,ca?olic *ur*es4 ,9 ! ,pagan temples ! sanctu>y 0 turn$ t[>ds ! ,ori5t3 s x is 9 ! ,ca?olic *ur*es4 ,! ,pagans did n p]mit _! c&idates to initiation to assi/ at ! celebration ( ! my/]ies1 :i* 0 always prec$$ by ?is =mula1 solemnly & l\dly spok5 by an (fic]1 ,away f "h ye pr(ane & impi\s m51 & all ^? ^: s\l is contam9at$ ) crimes6 ,s 9 ,ca?olic *ur*es1 n n[1 b f ! fir/ c5turies d[n to ! middle age1 ! deacon arose aft] ! homily1 turn$ t[>d ! assi/ant1 & ord]$ ! cate*um5s to leave ! *ur*1 because ! celebration ( ! my/]ies 0 to comm5ce4 ,^? my/]ies are ! mass1 dur+ :i* ! prie/ :o (ficiates comm&s ,jesus ,*ri/ to desc5d f heav5 into a waf]1 :i* he1 7prie/17 holds 9 8 h&s1 & to *ange x into 8 own blood1 fle%1 s\l1 & div9ity4 ,! ,pagans initiat$ ! c&idates ne> ! front door ( _! temples3 s 9 ! ,ca?olic *ur*es1 ! baptismal fonts :]e ! cate*um5s are initiat$1 namely1 baptiz$1 are plac$ ne> ! portal4 ,"h we %all rem>k1 t1 = _m c5turies1 *ildr5 are baptiz$1 7ev5 n[ p>5ts are oblig$ "u ! pa9 ( mortal s9 to h _! *ildr5 tak5 to ! *ur* to be baptiz$7 ?ree days aft] !y are born4 ,! ,pagans initiat$ c&idates *iefly on ! eve ( great celebrations3 s1 9 ! ,romi% *ur*1 cate*um5s are baptiz$ *iefly on ! eve ( ,ea/]1 & ( ,p5teco/4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t initiation made !m holy2 s ! ,romi% *ur* holds t baptism remits ! orig9al & all o!r s9s1 & makes holy4 ,! ,pagans rev]$ 9 _! temples ! /atue ( ,pan1 9 ^: h&s 0 a sev5-pipe flute2 also1 !y rev]$ o!r emblems ( ! sev5 planets3 s 9 ! ,romi% ,*ur* holds ! doctr9e ( ! sev5 gifts ( ! ,holy ,_s1 & ( ! doctr9e ( ! sev5 sacram5ts4 ,9 ! mon? ( ,febru>y ! ,pagans celebrat$ ! ,lup]cales1 & ! fea/ ( ,pros]p9e3 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome celebrates ! ,c&lemas-day4 ,we cite ! v words ( ,b]gi]1 a ,ca?olic prie/1 & an ultra ,papi/1 :o writes ?us 9 8 ,!ological ,diction>y2 article ,c&lemas3 ,sev]al au?ors ascribe ! in/itution ( ,c&lemas-day to ! pope ,gelase1 = ! purpose ( oppos+ x to ! ,lup]cales ( ! ,pagans1 :o w5t processionally out 9 ! fields mak+ exorcisms4 ,x is ! op9ion ( ! v5]able ,b$e4 ',! ,*ur*1' he says1 'has happily *ang$ ! lu/rations ( ! ,pagans1 :i* took place 9 ,febru>y ar\nd ! fields4 ,%e has sub/itut$ to !m processions1 9 :i* ! p c>ry 9 _! h&s burn+ tap]s4' ,o!rs ascribe ?is in/itution to ! pope ,vigil1 & say t x has be5 sub/itut$ to ! fea/ ( ,pros]p9e1 :i* ! ,pagans celebrat$ 9 ! fir/ days ( ,febru>y ) tor*es4' ,! ,pagans wor%ip$ ,juno z ! wife ( ! god ,jupit]3 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome wor%ips ! virg9 ,m>y z ! wife ( ,god4 ,! ,pagans celebrat$ ! exaltation ( ! virgo or virg91 ! six? sign & sev5? con/ellation 9 ! ecliptic2 s ! ,romi% ,*ur* has e/abli%$ ! fea/ ( ,assumption1 namely1 ( ! asc5sion ( ! virg9 ,m>y to heav54 ,! ,pagans made solemn processions to honor ! goddess ,c]es2 s ! ,romi% ,*ur* has in/itut$ pomp\s processions 9 ! honor ( ! virg9 ,m>y4 ,,rem>k4--,all ! above in/itutions & doctr9es ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 & also ^? :i* we %all exam9e 9 ! foll[+ *apt]s1 date f ! fir/ c5turies4 ,all ! ,ca?olic doctors1 !ologians1 & hi/orians1 confess x4 ,f ! num]\s & und5iable hi/orical facts summ$ up 9 ?is *apt] we legitimately draw ! conclusions1 #a/4 ,t1 9 ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome e/abli%$ my/]ies2 #b;d4 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ h] my/]ies f ! my/]ies ( ! ,pagans2 &1 #c;d4 ,t a law ( secrecy 0 b9d+ ! cate*um5s aft] _! initiation1 ?\gh ?is law 0 n s /r+5t z x 0 among ! ,pagans4 ,:51 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! ,prote/ants %ook ! yoke ( ! ,pope1 !y reject$ _m ( ! my/]ies ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome2 h[ev]1 !y kept sev]al ( !m1 su* z ! my/]y ( ,tr9ity1 namely1 ( ?ree ,gods compos+ b "o ,god2 ! my/]y ( inc>nation1 namely ( ,god himself desc5d+ f ! heav5s1 ve/+ our mortal clay 9 ! womb ( a woman = ! purpose ( be+ p]secut$ & sla9 on a cross by m51 ?us pay to himself ! debt ow$ to him by m5 :o _h disobey$ him1 7?\gh !y did n live yet17 9 ! p]son ( ,adam4 ,^!1 we say1 & o!r my/]ies ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 ! ,prote/ants or ,het]odox 9 ! op9ion ( ! ,ca?olics1 pres]v$ & transmitt$ !m to _! sons1 or ,p>tiali/s1 :o n[ call ! ,roman ,ca?olics hea!ns2 call ! lib]al ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es het]odox1 & call !mselves mo/ emphatically ,evangelical ,*ur*es1 ,or?odox ,*ur*es4 ,! f9al & /rictly logical conclusion ( ?is *apt] is ?is3 ,!re=e ! my/]ies ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 & ^? ( ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 are ( ,pagan orig94 ,coroll>y4 ,s9ce my/]ies are ( ,pagan orig91 & s9ce ,jesus ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les did n e/abli% my/]ies1 !re ought n to be my/]ies 9 ,*ri/ianity4 ,s9ce ,jesus ,*ri/ & 8 apo/les prea*$ ! ,gospel 9 op5 air to all1 ev]y:]e1 !re _c be any my/]ies 9 _! tea*+1 & !re _c be any my/]ies 9 _! writ+s1 we mean 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,a ,,p]sonal ,,devil4 ,,! celebrat$ ,plut>*1 hi/orian1 philosoph]1 & prie/ ( ,apollo1 9 ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 ?us writes3 ,we ought n to believe t ! ,pr9ciples ( ! univ]se are n animat$1 z ,democrite & ,epicure ?\ght2 nor t an in]t matt] be organiz$1 & orda9$ by a ,provid5ce t disposes ( all1 z ! ,/oicians taught4 ,x is impossible t "o sole be+1 ei!r good or bad1 be ! au?or ( all1 = ,god c cause no evil4 ,! h>mony ( ! _w is a comb9ation ( contr>ies l ! /r+s ( a lyre1 or l ! /r+ ( a b[ capable ( be+ b5t & unb5t4 ,9 no case1 ! poet ,eurip$es says1 good is sep>at$ f evil3 !re mu/ be a mixture ( ! "o & ( ! o!r4 ,?is op9ion is ( immemorial antiquity1 & has be5 held by !ologians1 legislators1 poets1 & philosoph]s4 ,its inv5tor is unkn[n1 b x is v]ifi$ by ! traditions ( mank9d2 x is consecrat$ by my/]ies & sacrifices among ! ,b>b>ians1 z well z among ! ,greeks4 ,!y all ackn[l$ge ! dogma ( two opposite ,pr9ciples 9 nature1 :o1 by _! opposition1 produce ! mixture ( good & evil4 ,!re=e x may n be said1 t a s+le disp5s] draws ev5ts l a liquor f two casks to mix !m toge!r2 = ?is mixture is f\nd 9 all ! ph5om5a ( nature4 ,we mu/ admit two opposite causes1 two contr>y p[]s1 be>+ ! "o to ! "r1 & ! o!r to ! left2 & :o ?us gov]n our life & ! :ole sublun> _w1 :i* = ?is reason is subject to all ! irregul>ities & vicissitudes we witness1 = no?+ is done )\t a cause4 ,z ! good _c produce evil1 !n !re is a pr9ciple caus+ evil1 z "o caus+ good4 ,we see by ?is passage ( ,plut>*1 t ! true orig9 ( two ,pr9ciples proce$s f ! difficulty :i* m51 9 all times1 f\nd 9 expla9+1 by "o sole cause1 good & evil 9 nature1 & 9 mak+ fl[ f "o sole spr+1 virtue & crime1 light & d>kness4 ,?is dogma1 ,plut>* adds1 has be5 admitt$ by ne>ly all nations1 & m especially by ^? r5[n$ by _! wisdom4 ,!y believ$ 9 two gods ( diff]5t trade1 if ,i may say s1 :o caus$1 ! "o good1 & ! o!r evil4 ,!y call$ ! fir/ ,god by excell5ce1 & ! second ,demon4 ,9 fact ! ,p]sians1 disciples ( ,zoroa/] admitt$1 & ev5 9 our days1 ! ,p>sis1 _! successors1 admit two pr9ciples1 ! "o call$ ,oromaze1 & ! o!r ,ahriman4 ,plut>* says3 ,! ,p]sians believ$ t ! fir/ 0 ( ! nature ( light1 & ! second ( t ( d>kness4 ,among ! ,egyptians ! fir/ 0 call$ ,osiris1 & ! second ,typhon1 et]nal foe to ! fir/4 ,all ! sacr$ books ( ! ,p]sians1 & ( ! ,egyptians1 conta9 ! m>vell\s & allegorical recital ( ! v>i\s combats giv5 by ,ahriman & 8 angels to ,oromaze1 & by ,typhon to ,osiris4 ,^! fables h be5 rehe>s$ by ! ,greeks 9 ! w> ( ! ,titans aga9/ ! ,giants1 aga9/ ,jupit]1 or ,pr9ciple ( good & light2 = ,jupit]1 ,plut>* rem>ks1 0 ! ,oromaze ( ! ,p]sians1 & ! ,osiris ( ! ,egyptians4 ,to ^! examples quot$ by ,plut>*1 & :i* he extract$ f ! ,!ogony ( ! ,p]sians1 ( ! ,egyptians1 ( ! ,greeks1 & ( ! ,*aldeans1 we %all add o!rs1 :i* are liv+ yet1 at lea/ ! mo/ ( !m4 ,! inhabitants ( ! k+dom ( ,pegu admit two ,pr9ciples2 ! "o au?or ( good1 & ! o!r ( evil4 ,!y p>ticul>ly endeavor to obta9 ! favor ( ! latt]4 ,! ,indians ( ,java ackn[l$ge a *ief supreme ( ! univ]se1 & address (f]+s & pray]s to ! evil g5ius le/ he h>m !m4 ,! ,indians ( ! ,moluc & ,philipp9e isl&s d ! same4 ,! natives ( ! isl& ( ,=mose wor%ip$ a good god1 ,i%y1 & demons1 ,*\y2 !y sacrifice to ! latt]1 b seldom to ! =m]4 ,! negroes ( ! ,cote-d'or admit two ,gods1 ! "o good1 & ! o!r bad2 ! "o :ite1 & ! o!r black & evil4 ,!y d n adore ! =m] (t51 :]eas !y try to appease ! latt] ) pray]s & sacrifices2 ! ,portuguese h nam$ him ,demon4 ,! ,hott5tots call ! good ,pr9ciple ! ,capta9 ( above1 & ! bad pr9ciple ! ,capta9 ( bel[4 ,! anci5ts believ$ t ! s\rce ( evil 0 9 ! und]nea? matt] ( ! e>?4 ,! ,giants & ,typhon 7 sons ( ! ,e>?4 ,! ,hott5tots say1 t1 :e!r ! good ,pr9ciple is pray$ to or n he does good2 :]eas x is necess>y to pray to ! evil ,pr9ciple1 le/ he might d h>m4 ,!y call ! bad god ,t\quoa1 & repres5t him small1 crook$1 irritable1 a foe to !m2 & !y say t f him all evils fl[ to ?is _w4 ,! natives ( ,madagasc> believe 9 two ,pr9ciples4 ,!y ascribe to ! bad "o ! =m & badness ( a s]p5t1 !y call him ,angat3 !y "n ! good "o ,jadh>1 :i* means great1 omnipot5t ,god4 ,!y re> no temple to ! latt] because he is good4 ,! ,m+relians m p>ticul>ly honor ! "o ( _! idols1 :i* !y ?9k to be ! mo/ cruel4 ,! ,indians ( ! isl& ( ,t5]iffe believe 9 a supreme ,god1 :om !y call ,a*guaya-,x]ax1 :i* means ! greate/1 ! mo/ sublime1 ! pres]v] ( all ?+s4 ,also !y admit an evil g5ius nam$ ,guyotta4 ,! ,sc&9aves h _! god ,locke1 :o w>s aga9/ ! gods1 & p>ticul>ly aga9/ ,?or4 ,he is ! sl&]] ( ! gods1 ,edda says1 ! great =g] ( deceit4 ,8 _s is evil2 he eng5d]$ ?ree mon/]s2 ! wolf ,feuris1 ! s]p5t ,midg>d1 & ,hela1 or dea?4 ,he causes ! e>?quakes4 ,! ,ts\va*es & ! ,morduans recognize a supreme be+1 :o gave m5 all ! bless+s !y enjoy4 ,!y also admit evil spirits ^: occupation is to injure mank9d4 ,! ,t>t>s ( ,katz*9zi adore a b5evol5t god1 9 kneel+ t[>ds ! ,ori5t2 b !y fe> ano!r god1 ,tos1 to :om !y pray to dis>m 8 wra?2 & to :om1 9 ! spr+1 !y sacrifice a /allion4 ,! ,o/iaks & ! ,vog\ls "n t evil god ,k\l2 ! ,samoy$es "n him ,sj\dibe2 ! ,motores1 ,huala2 ! ,k>gasses1 ,s$kyr4 ,! ,?ibetans admit evil spirits :i* !y place 9 ! regions above4 ,! religion ( ! ,bonzes supposes two ,pr9ciples4 ,! ,siamoeses sacrifice to an evil _s1 :om !y consid] z be+ ! cause ( all ! mis=tunes ( mank9d4 ,! ,indians h _! ,ganga & _! ,g\rna?a1 spirits :om !y try to appease ) pray]1 sacrifices1 & processions4 ,! inhabitants ( ,tolgony1 ,india1 believe t two ,pr9ciples gov]n ! univ]se2 ! "o good1 he is light2 & ! o!r bad1 he is d>kness4 ,! anci5t ,assyrians1 z well z ! ,p]sians1 admitt$ two ,pr9ciples2 & !y honor$1 ,augu/9e says1 two gods1 ! "o good1 & ! o!r bad4 ,! ,*aldeans also _h _! good & bad />s1 animat$ by g5iuses or intellig5ces also good & bad4 ,9 ,am]ica ! dogma ( two ,pr9ciples1 & ( good & bad spirits1 is also f\nd4 ,! ,p]uvians rev]$ ,pa*a-,camac z be+ a good god1 & ,cupa z be+ a bad god4 ,! ,c>abs admitt$ two sorts ( spirits2 ! "o b5evol5t1 :o dwell 9 ! heav52 & ! o!r evil1 :o hov] ov] u to lead u to temptation4 ,! =m]1 on ! contr>y1 invite u to d good1 & ea* ( u is gu>d$ by "o ( !m4 ,^? ( ,t]ra-,firma ?9k t !re is a god 9 ! heav51 namely1 ! sun4 ,besides !y admit a bad ,pr9ciple1 :o is ! au?or ( all evils2 !y pres5t him ) fl[]s1 fruits1 corn1 & p]fumes4 ,! ,tapayas1 situat$ 9 ,am]ica by ab\t ! same latitude z ! ,madegasses 9 ,africa1 believe also 9 two ,pr9ciples4 ,! natives ( ,brazil believe 9 a bad g5ius3 !y call him ,aguyan2 & !y h conjurors :o c1 !y say1 div]t 8 wra?4 ,! ,indians ( ,florida & ( ,l\isiana ador$ ! sun1 ! moon1 & ! />s4 ,!y also believ$ 9 an evil _s nam$ ,toa4 ,! ,canadians1 & ! savage tribes ( ! ,bay ( ,hudson1 rev]$ ! sun1 ! moon1 ! />s1 & ! ?und]2 b !y m p>ticul>ly pray$ to ! evil spirits4 ,! ,esquimaux believe 9 a god supremely good1 :om !y call ,uk\ma1 & 9 ano!r1 ,ouikan1 :o is ! au?or ( all evils2 :o causes ! tempe/s1 & :o capsizes ! boats4 ,! savages ( ! /rait ( ,davis believe 9 b5efic5t & malignant spirits4 ,?is di/9ction ( two ,pr9ciples1 ( a god1 & ( g5iuses or spirits1 au?ors ( good & light2 & ( a god & g5iuses1 au?ors ( evil & d>kness1 is immemorial4 ,?is op9ion has be5 s univ]sally adopt$ = ! only reason1 t ^? :o obs]v$ ! opposite ph5om5a ( nature c\ld n acc\nt = !m1 & c\ld n reconcile !m ) ! exi/5ce ( a s+le cause4 ,z !re are good & bad m51 !y believ$ t !re 7 good & bad gods1 ! ones disp5s]s ( good1 & ! o!rs au?ors ( evil4 ,su* 0 ! univ]sal belief :5 ,jesus ,*ri/ came to ! _w4 ,! ,jews !mselves1 s9ce ! captivity ( ,babylon1 g5]ally believ$ 9 ^? two ,pr9ciples4 ,!y w5t s f> z to immolate _! own *ildr5 on ! alt>s ( evil deities1 9 ord] to appease !m4 ,jesus prea*$ 8 ,gospel1 di$1 & left on e>? 8 apo/les ) ! tru/ ( cont9u+1 among m51 8 sav+ mission4 ,z 9 ! writ+s ( ! ,evangeli/s ! ^w demon1 or devil1 0 us$ figuratively1 mean+ lu/1 wrong desire1 etc41 "s ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians und]/ood ! true s5se ( ^! figurative words1 & o!rs did n4 ,9 ! ?ird c5tury ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i* _h be5 t5d+ to supremacy ov] o!r *ur*es1 & :i*1 f policy1 to ga9 m adepts1 0 compromis+ ) ,paganism1 und]/ood ! ^w demon1 or devil1 lit]ally1 & pres]v$ ! hea!n doctr9e1 :i*1 z %e grew1 became widely spread1 & aft]w>ds an article ( fai?4 ,! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 ( t age1 believ$ t ! demons1 or devils1 7 innum]able2 t _! *ief1 ,lucif]1 _h entru/$ a demon to accompany ea* man ?r\gh life1 to tempt him to s92 t ,lucif] _h z _m bad angels1 or demons1 "u 8 comm&1 z ,god _h good angels2 t all ^? demons 7 corporeal1 & t ^? male committ$ =nication & adult]y ) ! daught]s ( m52 & ^? female ) ! sons ( m52 t !y _h g5]at$ ! giants2 & t !y _h incit$ ! oppressors ( ! ,*ri/ians to p]secute !m4 ,?us ?\ght ,ju/91 ,tatian1 ,m9utius-,felix1 ,a!nagoras1 ,t]tullian1 ,julius-,firmicus1 ,orig51 ,synesius1 ,arnobe1 ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nazianze1 ,lactance1 ,/4 ,j]ome1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 etc41 z se5 9 _! works 9 ei!r edition ( ! ,b5$ict9es1 or ( ! canon ,caillot1 ( ,migne1 a prie/1 n[ editor 9 ,p>is4 ,ev5 9 our days ! mo/ ( ! sup]/iti\s practices ( ! ,pagans1 9 reg>d to evil spirits1 are pres]v$ 9 ! ,papal ,*ur*1--conjurations1 exorcisms1 ,agnus ,dei1 holy wat]1 etc41 & o!rs :i* !y h add$1 su* z ! sign ( ! cross1 ! expulsion ( ! devil f h\ses1 b>ns1 wells1 wagons1 bea/s1 fields1 etc4 ,^! c]emonies are (t5times p]=m$1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 = money4 ,! same took place 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome 9 ref]5ce to ! hea!n dogma ( good angels be+ "u ! comm& ( ! good _s1 or ,god2 ?is dogma 0 g5]ally believ$ ev5 by ! ,jews1 at lea/ s9ce ! captivity ( ,babylon4 ,we say g5]ally1 because ! ,sadduceans did n believe x2 & p]haps1 also1 ! ,sam>itans & ! ,c>ates1 = we h b two te/imonies t prove !y p>took ( ! op9ion ( ! ,sam>itans on ?is po9t1 namely1 ! te/imony ( ,abusad1 au?or ( an ,arabic v]sion ( ! ,p5tateu*1 & t ( ,a>on1 9 8 comm5t>ies ( ! same4 ,! ,papal ,*ur* holds /ill t ! angels =m ?ree hi]>*ies1 or *oirs4 ,! fir/ is t ( ! ,s]aphims1 ,*]ubims1 & ?rones2 ! second comprises ! dom9ations1 ! virtues1 & ! p[]s2 & ! ?ird is compos$ ( ! pr9cipalities1 ( ! ar*angels1 & ( ! angels4 ,"o ( ^! angels1 call$ gu>dian1 is oblig$ to /& by ea* "o ( u all ! days ( our life4 ,temples1 alt>s1 pray]s & sacrifices are (f]$ to !m4 ,t]tullian1 ,orig51 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 etc41 ?\ght t ! bodies ( ! good angels 7 =m$ ( a v ?91 subtle matt]4 ,o!r ,fa!rs1 ,basile1 ,a?anase1 ,cyrille1 ,gregory ( ,nysse1 ,john-,*ryso/omus1 etc41 consid]$ !m z spiritual be+s2 h[ev]1 !y believ$ t !y may take a body :5 !y please4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome holds1 z an article ( fai?1 t ! good angels ought to be ador$4 ,z se5 above1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome has pres]v$1 ) a v slight modification1 if any1 ! hea!n dogma ( two ,pr9ciples1 ! "o good1 ,god2 & ! o!r bad1 ,lucif]1 or ! devil2 also ! nom5clature ( g5iuses1 or spirits1 or angels1 :i* are1 ! ones "u ! comm& ( ,god1 & ! o!rs "u ! comm& ( ,lucif]4 ,:51 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! ,prote/ants p>t$ ) ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 !y cut (f _m bran*es ( ?is dogma2 b !y kept its body1 namely1 in/ead ( und]/&+ ! words demon1 or devil1 z mean+ lu/1 abuse ( free ag5cy1 wrong desire1 etc41 !y und]/ood !m ( p]sonal be+s1 ei!r mat]ial or immat]ial1 b exi/+1 tempt+ ea* man to s92 & rel5tlessly seek+ ! ru9 ( mank9d4 ,!re=e ! doctr9e ( a ,p]sonal ,devil is ( ,pagan orig94 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,orig9al ,,s94 ,,! ,roman ,ca?olic writ]s are unanim\s 9 ! op9ion t x 0 ! belief ( a l>ge numb] ( ,pagans t man _h fall5 f a high] /ate ( exi/5ce4 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 m especially1 l5g?ily & emphatically insi/s ^u ! g5]al belief ( ! ,pagans 9 orig9al s91 :5 he writes aga9/ ,pelage4 ,h[ev]1 we %all br+ =? o!r te/imonies1 :i* w n leave1 9 ! m9d ( ! read]1 any d\bt t ! ,pagans g5]ally believ$ 9 orig9al s94 ,cic]o1 9 8 "w ,de ,republica1 book ?ird1 aft] pa9t+ ! gr&eur ( ! human nature1 & !n contra/+ its subjection to mis]ies1 to diseases1 to sorr[1 to fe>1 & to ! mo/ degrad+ passions1 0 at a loss to def9e man4 ,he call$ him a s\l 9 ru9s4 ,x 0 = ! same reason t1 9 ,plato1 ,socrates rem9ds to 8 disciples t ^? :o _h e/abli%$ my/]ies1 & :o1 he said1 7 n to be despis$1 taught t accord+ to _! ance/ors1 any "o :o dies )\t hav+ be5 purifi$ is plung$ into ! mire ( ! ,t>t>us2 :]eas1 he :o has be5 purifi$ dwells ) ! gods4 ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 9 8 ,/romata1 book ?ird1 writes1 t1 accord+ to ! te/imony ( ,philolas1 ! ,py?agorician1 all ! anci5t !ologians & poets said t ! s\l 0 buri$ 9 ! body1 z 9 a grave1 z a puni%m5t = "s s94 ,x 0 also ! doctr9e ( ! ,orphics1 z c be se5 9 ,plat41 ,cratyl41 ,op]a1 tome ?ird4 ,9 ! pages #dh1 #ej1 & #ea1 ( ! treatise ( ,plut>*1 on ! ,delays ( ,div9e ,ju/ice1 we read3 ,a ,/ate1 = in/ance1 is "o same ?+ cont9u$1 a :ole1 alike to an animal :i* is ev] ! same1 & ! age !re( does n *ange ! id5tity4 ,! ,/ate !n be+ "o1 z long z ! association ma9ta9s ! unity1 ! m]it & ! dem]it1 ! rew>d & ! puni%m5t = all t is done 9 common are ju/ly ascrib$ to x1 z !y are to a s+le individual4 ,b if a ,/ate is to be consid]$ 9 ?is po9t ( view1 x ought to be ! same ) a family proce$+ f ! same /ock1 f :i* x holds ,i d n "k :at sort ( hidd5 /r5g?2 ,i d n "k :at sort ( communication ( ess5ce & qualities1 :i* ext5d to all ! individuals ( ! race4 ,be+s produc$ ?r\gh ! m$ium ( g5]ation are n simil> to ! productions ( arts4 ,9 reg>d to ! latt]1 :5 ! "w is complet$ x is imm$iately sep>at$ f ! h& ( ! workman1 & x no long] belongs to him3 true x is done by him1 b n f him4 ,on ! contr>y1 :at is eng5d]$ proce$s f ! sub/ance itself ( ! g5]at+ be+2 s t x holds f him some?+ :i* is ju/ly rew>d$ or puni%$ 9 8 /ead1 = t some?+ is himself4 ,accord+ to ! doctr9e ( ! ,p]sians1 ,me%ia & ,me%iane1 or ! fir/ man & fir/ woman1 7 fir/ pure1 & submitt$ to ,ormuzd1 _! mak]4 ,ahriman saw !m & envi$ _! happ9ess4 ,he approa*$ !m "u ! =m ( a s]p5t1 pres5t$ fruits to !m1 & p]suad$ !m t he 0 ! mak] ( man1 ( animals1 ( plants1 & ( ! beautiful univ]se 9 :i* !y dwell$4 ,!y believ$ x2 & s9ce t ,ahriman 0 _! ma/]4 ,_! nature became corrupt1 & ?is corruption infect$ _! :ole po/]ity4 ,?is we f9d 9 ,v5didat-,sade1 pages #cje1 & #dbh4 ,?us s9 does n orig9ate f ,ormuzd2 b1 ,zoroa/] says1 f ! be+ hidd5 9 crime4 ,?is te/imony is f\nd 9 ! ,exposition ( ! ,!ological ,sy/em ( ! ,p]sians1 extract$ f ! books ,z5ds1 ,pehlvis1 & ,p>sis1 by ,anquetil du ,p]ron4 ,! foll[+ passage1 ,!re are /a9s br\ght by man :5 he comes to life1 is f\nd 9 ! #fi? tome ( ! ,memoirs ( ! ,academy ( ,inscriptions4 ,we read 9 ! ,ez\r-,v$am1 book #a1 *apt] #d1 tome #a1 pages #bja & #bjb3 ,god nev] creat$ vice4 ,he _c be its au?or2 & ,god1 :o is hol9ess & wisdom1 c be ! au?or b ( virtue4 ,he gave u 8 law 9 :i* he prescribes :at we ought to d4 ,s9 is a transgression ( ?is law by :i* x is prohibit$4 ,if s9 reigns on ! e>?1 we ourselves are its au?ors4 ,our p]v]se incl9ations h induc$ u to transgress ! law ( ,god2 h5ce1 ! fir/ s9 :i* has induc$ u to commit o!rs4 ,! same au?or 9 book #e1 *apt] #e1 tome #b1 ackn[l$ges t ! fir/ man 0 creat$ 9 a /ate ( innoc5ce2 & t he 0 happy because he controll$ 8 passions & desires4 ,maurice 9 8 ,indi ,antiquitates1 vol4 #f1 page #ec1 proves t ! ,indians _h a k ( ! fall ( ! fir/ man & ( ! fir/ woman2 he proves also t ! dogma ( orig9al s9 0 taught by ! ,druids4 ,voltaire1 on ! sev5te5? page ( 8 "w1 ,additions to ,g5]al ,hi/ory1 confesses t ! ,bramas believ$ t man 0 fall5 & deg5]at$3 ?is idea1 he adds1 is f\nd among all ! anci5t peoples4 ,! ,fa!r ,jesuit ,b\*et1 9 a lett] to ! ,bi%op ( ,avran*es1 writes3 ,! gods1 our ,indians say1 tri$ by all means to obta9 immortality4 ,aft] _m inquiries & trials1 !y conceiv$ ! idea t !y c\ld f9d x 9 ! tree ( life1 :i* 0 9 ! ,*orcan4 ,9 fact !y succe$$2 & 9 eat+ once 9 a :ile ( ! fruits ( t tree1 !y kept ! preci\s treasure !y s mu* valu$4 ,a fam\s snake1 nam$ ,*eid51 saw t ! tree ( life _h be5 f\nd by ! gods ( ! second ord]4 ,z probably he _h be5 entru/$ ) gu>d+ t tree1 he became s angry because 8 vigilance _h be5 deceiv$1 t he imm$iately p\r$ out an enorm\s quantity ( poison1 :i* spread ov] ! :ole e>?4 ,9 ! ,ta-,hio1 or ,moral ( ,confucius1 page #ej1 ,confucius1 aft] say+ t reason is a gift f heav51 adds1 ,concupisc5ce has corrupt$ x1 & x is n[ mix$ ) _m impurities4 ,!re=e take (f ^? impurities s t x resume its fir/ lu/]1 & all its =m] p]fection4 ,! philosoph] ,t*\angse taught1 9 con=mity ) ! doctr9e ( ,k+ or sacr$ books ( ! ,*9ese1 t 9 ! =m] /ate ( heav51 man 0 inly unit$ to ! supreme reason2 & t he practic$ all ! works ( ju/ice4 ,! he>t reli%$ ! tru?4 ,!re 0 9 man no alloy ( falsity4 ,!n ! f\r seasons ( ! ye> 7 regul>4 ,no?+ 0 injuri\s to man1 & man 0 injuri\s to no?+4 ,univ]sal h>mony reign$ 9 all nature4 ,b ! columns ( ! firmam5t hav+ be5 brok51 ! e>? 0 %ak5 9 its v f\ndations4 ,man hav+ rebell$ aga9/ ! heav5s ! sy/em ( ! univ]se 0 d]ang$2 evils & crimes flood$ ! e>?4 ,?is te/imony is extract$ f ! ,disc\rse ( ,ramsey on ,my?ology1 pages #adf1 & #adh4 ,m4 de ,humboldt1 9 ! tome #a1 pages #bcg & #bgd1 & also 9 ! tome #b1 page #aih ( 8 ,views ( ! ,cordill]as & ( ! monum5ts ( ,am]ica1 says1 ,t ! "m ( our fle%2 ! s]p5t ,cihuacohuati1 & h] are fam\s 9 ! ,mexican traditions4 ,^? traditions repres5t ! "m ( our fle% fall5 f h] fir/ /ate ( innoc5ce & happ9ess4 ,voltaire1 9 ,que/ions on ,encyclop$ia1 says2 ,! fall ( man deg5]at$ is ! basis ( ! !ology ( all ! anci5t nations4 ,!re 7 ne>ly among all nations expiatory rites1 to purify infants :5 !y 7 born4 ,usually ?is c]emony 0 done 9 ! day :5 ! *ild 0 nam$4 ,macrob in=ms u1 9 8 ,saturn1 book #a1 t t day1 among ! ,romans1 0 ! n9? = ! boys & ! eigh? = ! girls4 ,t day 0 call$ lu/ricus1 because ( ! lu/ral wat] us$ to purify ! new born *ild4 ,9 ! ,analysis ( ! ,insc4 ( ,rosette1 page #ade1 we read t ! ,egyptians1 ! ,p]sians1 & ! ,greeks _h a simil> practice4 ,9 ,yucatan ! new born *ild 0 br\ght 9 ! temple1 :]e ! prie/ p\r$ on 8 head ! wat]s de/9$ to ?is use2 & !n he gave him a "n4 ,9 ! ,can>y isl&s ! wom5 p]=m$ ?is prie/ly function4 ,c>il1 9 8 ,am]ican ,lett]s1 tome #a1 pages #adf1 & #adg1 speaks ( ^! c]emonies4 ,a law prescrib$ ^! expiatory rites among ! ,mexicans4 ,m4 de ,humboldt1 ,views ( ! ,cordill]as1 & ( ! ,monum5ts ( ,am]ica1 tome #a1 page #bbc1 writes3 ,! midwife1 9 invok+ ! god ,ometeuctly1 7! god ( cele/ial p>adise17 & ! goddess ,omecihuatl1 :o live 9 ! abode ( ! bless$1 p\r$ wat] on ! =ehead & on ! brea/ ( ! new-born *ild4 ,aft] pron\nc+ sev]al pray]s1 9 :i* wat] 0 consid]$ z ! symbol ( ! purification ( ! s\l1 ! midwife call$ ne> h] ! *ildr5 :o _h be5 invit$ to give a "n to ! new-born *ild4 ,9 "s prov9ces a fire 0 k9dl$ at ! same "t1 & !y did z if really ! *ild 0 pass$ ?r\gh ! flame to purify him bo? ) wat] & fire4 ,?is c]emony rem9ds ! practices ^: orig91 9 ,asia1 seems to be immemorial4 ,likewise1 ! ,?ibetans h simil> expiatory rites3 ?is we f9d 9 ! ?irty-fir/ page ( ! preface ( ! ,?ibetan ,alphabet4 ,we extract ! foll[+ f ! ,works ( ! ,society ( ,calcutta3 ,9 ,india1 :5 a "n is giv5 to a *ild1 8 "n is writt5 on 8 =ehead1 & he is plung$ ?ree times into ! wat] ( ! riv]4 ,!n ! ,brama exclaims1 ',o ,god1 pure1 "o1 invisible & p]fect6 to !e we (f] ?is (fspr+ ( a holy tribe1 ano9t$ ) an incorruptible oil1 & purifi$ ) wat]4' ,9 ! my/]ies1 ! ,hi]ophant taught ! doctr9e t our nature _h be5 corrupt$ by a fir/ s94 ,! six? book ( ! poem ,eneida is no?+ b a brilliant exposition ( ?is doctr9e2 & p]haps antiquity (f]s no?+ t proves m ! p[] ( tradition on ! human m9d1 ?an ! passage 9 :i* ! poet1 foll[+ ,eneas 9 ! abode ( ! dead1 describes 9 magnific5t v]ses ! dismal spectacle :i* fir/ /rikes 8 gaze4 ,if !re is any ?+ 9 ! _w t wakes up 9 our m9d ! idea ( innoc5ce1 assur$ly x is a *ild :o has be5 unable nei!r to "k nor to commit s92 & ! supposition t he is subject to puni%m5t & to suff]+1 is a ?\ght :i* our s\l abhors4 ,h[ev]1 ,virgil1 9 ! #f? book1 v]ses #dbf1 & #dbi1 places ! *ildr5 dead :5 yet nurs+1 at ! entry ( ! sad k+doms1 :]e he repres5ts !m 9 a /ate ( pa91 weep+ & moan+--vagitus +5s4 ,:y ^? te>s1 ^? cries ( suff]+s8 ,:i* faults d ^? *ildr51 to :om _! mo!rs _h n smil$1 expiate8 7,virgil1 ,ecloga #d1 v]se #fb47 ,:at has inspir$ ! poet ) ?is surpris+ fiction8 ,on :at does x re/8 ,:5ce does x orig9ate1 if n f ! anci5t belief t man 0 born 9 s98 ,!re=e1 ! doctr9e ( orig9al s9 0 g5]ally believ$ by ! ,pagans4 ,we /at$1 at ! comm5cem5t ( ?is *apt]1 t ! ,roman ,ca?olic writ]s are unanim\s 9 ! op9ion t x 0 ! belief ( a l>ge numb] ( ,pagans1 t man _h fall5 f a high] /ate ( exi/5ce4 ,h[ev]1 a small numb] only ( ! same writ]s are ( ! op9ion t ! ,jews believ$ 9 ! doctr9e ( orig9al s92 & !y f9d no o!r pro( ( ! ass]tion ?an ! c]emony ( circumcision1 :i*1 z is famili> to all1 0 a m]e legal & national obs]vance1 & _h n ! virtue ( remitt+ s94 ,9 ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 baptism 0 consid]$ z a m]e c]emony = initiat+ cate*um5s to ! ,*ri/ian pr(ession4 ,x 0 only t[>ds ! end ( ! ?ird c5tury1 t ! belief ( ! transmission ( ,adam's s9 to all 8 desc5dants 0 introduc$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i* already consid]$ h]self ! mi/ress ( ! o!r *ur*es4 ,soon aft]w>ds ! dogma t baptism _h ! virtue ( remitt+ orig9al s9 0 e/abli%$4 ,z pro( ( ^! two facts1 we h ! te/imony ( m ?an tw5ty-?ree ,*ri/ian sects ( ! fir/ c5turies1 :i* did n admit ! dogma ( orig9al s92 & did n believe t baptism _h ! virtue ( remitt+ s94 ,we quote a few ( ^? sects3 ! ,simonians1 ! ,nicolates1 ! ,val5t9ians1 ! ,basilidians1 ! ,c>pocratians1 ! ,ophites1 ! ,se?ians1 ! ,pelagians1 all ! ,gno/ic sects1 etc4 ,!re=e1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ ! dogma ( orig9al s9 f ! ,pagans4 ,to ?is _m ,roman ,ca?olic writ]s say3 true ! ,pagans held ?is doctr9e1 b we did n borr[ x f !m2 we f\nd x 9 ! fir/ *apt]s ( ,g5esis4 ,we rejo9 t ev5 ! fa!rs ( ! f\r? c5tury did n und]/& ^? *apt]s lit]ally1 & !reby z tea*+ ! dogma ( orig9al s94 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 9 8 "w1 ,city ( ,god1 av]s t x 0 a g5]al op9ion among ,*ri/ians1 t ! fir/ ?ree *apt]s ( ,g5esis are allegorical1 & t he himself is incl9$ to ?9k s4 ,he confesses t x is impossible to take !m lit]ally )\t hurt+ piety1 & ascrib+ to ,god unwor?y actions4 ,orig5 says3 ,:]e is ! man ( good s5se1 :o c ev] believe t !re h be5 a fir/1 a second1 & a ?ird days1 & t ^? days _h ea* an ev5+ & morn+1 ?\gh !re 7 n yet nei!r sun1 nor moon1 nor />s8 ,:]e is ! man cr$ul\s en\gh to believe1 t ,god 0 work+ l a g>d5]1 & t he plant$ a g>d5 9 ,ori5t2 t ! tree ( life 0 a real tree1 ^: fruit w\ld pres]ve life8 ,orig5 comp>$ ! temptation ( ,adam to t ( ! bir? ( ,love1 ^: fa!r 0 ,porus1 or ,abundance1 & ^: "m 0 ,pov]ty4 ,he adds t !re are 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t facts1 :i*1 if und]/ood lit]ally1 are absurd1 & :i*1 if und]/ood allegorically1 conta9 valuable tru?s4 ,we ref] ! read] = ! above to ! foll[+ works3 ,see ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,de ,civitate ,dei1 lib] xi1 cap4 #f1 et lib] #b1 cap4 xi1 ,no4 #bd4--;,de ,g5esi ad ,litt]am1 lib] #d1 ,no4 #dd4--;,de ,cate*is ,rudibus1 cap4 #ac4 ,! op9ion ( ,/4 ,a?anase c be f\nd 9 8 ,oratio ,contra ,arium1 ,no4 #fj4--,t ( ,orig51 9 8 "w ,de ,pr9cipiis1 lib] iv1 ,no4 #af1 contra ,celsum1 lib] #f1 ,no4 #ej1 #ea4 ,t ( ,/4 ,ambrosius1 9 8 ,hexam1 lib] "o1 cap4 #g1 et ,sequ5tia4 ,t ( ,!odoret1 9 8 ,que/4 9 ,g5es4 int]pr4 cap4 v4 et ,sequ5tia1 & t ( ,/4 ,gregory 9 8 ,moral1 9 ,job1 lib] #cb1 cap4 #i4 ,! ,fa!rs & ! ,*ri/ian sects nam$ above1 did n take ! fir/ ?ree *apt]s ( ,g5esis lit]ally1 because x w\ld imply absurdity & blasphemy4 ,! idea ( ,god1 namely1 ( ! supreme & et]nal cause1 :o clo!s our clay = ! pleasure ( walk+ 9 a g>d52 ! idea ( a woman conv]s+ ) a s]p5t2 li/5+ to its c\nsels & he$+ !m2 t ( a man & a woman organiz$ = reproduction1 & yet de/9$ to be immortal on e>?1 & to procreate a ma!matical inf9ity ( be+s1 immortal l !mselves1 :o also w inf9itely multiply1 & w all f9d _! food 9 ! fruits ( ! trees ( a g>d5 :]e !y w all dwell2 a fruit cull$ t is to kill ,adam & ,eve1 & to be transmitt$ z a h]$it>y crime to all _! desc5dants1 :o did n p>ticipate to _! disob$i5ce1 crime :i* w be =giv5 only 9 z mu* z m5 w commit ano!r crime1 inf9itely great]1 a deicide--if su* a crime might exi/2 ! woman :o s9ce t "t is condemn$ to br+ =? ) pa91 z if ! pa9s ( *ildbir? 7 n natural to h] organization1 & 7 n common to h]1 z well z to ! o!r animals :i* h n ta/$ ! =bidd5 fruit2 ! s]p5t =c$ to crawl1 z if a footless reptile c\ld move any o!r way3 s _m absurdities & follies1 heap$ 9 ^? fir/ ?ree *apt]s1 !y c\ld n believe & ascribe !m to ,god4 ,maimonide1 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ ,rabb9s ( ! ,jews1 ?us wrote 9 ! twelf? c5tury3 ,we ought n to und]/& lit]ally :at is writt5 9 ! books ( ! creation2 nor ent]ta9 ab\t ! creation ! op9ions g5]ally agre$4 ,x is = ?is reason t our wise m5 urg$ ^u u to keep _! true tea*+ secret1 & n to lift up ! veil ( allegory :i* conceals ! tru?s !y conta94 ,if tak5 lit]ally ! relation ( ! creation gives u ! mo/ absurd & extravagant ideas ( ! ,deity4 ,:oev] w f9d out _! true tea*+1 ought to keep x to himself2 ?is is ! e>ne/ recomm5dation ( our wise m51 & m especially 9 reg>d to ! fir/ six days4 ,^? :o "k ought to speak ab\t x b obscurely1 z ,i d myself1 s z to let _! he>]s guess if !y c4 ,! above facts & pro(s lead u to ! conclusion t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ ! dogma ( orig9al s9 f ! ,pagans4 ,z ! ,prote/ants1 :o call !mselves ,or?odox1 borr[$ x 9 ! sixte5? c5tury f ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 x foll[s t !y also hold x f ! ,pagans4 ,!re=e1 ! doctr9e ( ,orig9al ,s9 is ( ,pagan orig94 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,tr9ity4 ,,! ,roman ,ca?olic writ]s !mselves confess t ! ,pagans believ$ 9 ,tr9ity2 also ! mo/ ( ! self-call$ ,prote/ant ,or?odox hi/orians & au?ors4 ,! neutral au?ors are unanim\s on ?is po9t4 ,! foll[+ facts & pro(s we %all imp>tially extract f ^? ?ree classes ( writ]s3 ,! ,egyptians believ$ 9 ,tr9ity2 ! ,greek inscription ( ! great ,obelisk ( ! major circus1 at ,rome1 reads ?us3 ,megas ,!os1 ! great god1 ,!og5tos1 ! begott5 ( god2 & ,pamphegges1 ! all-bright1 7,apollo1 ! ,_s47 ,h]aclide1 ( ,pont1 & ,porphyre relate a fam\s oracle ( ,s]apis3 ,prota ,!os1 metepeita logos1 kai pneuma s\n autois4 ,sumphuta de tria panta1 kai eis en eonta4 ,translation3 ,all is ,god 9 ! beg9n+2 !n ! ^w & ! _s2 ?ree ,gods co5g5d]$ toge!r & unit$ 9 "o4 ,! ,*aldeans _h a sort ( ,tr9ity 9 _! ,metris1 ,oromasis1 & ,aram9is1 or ,mi?ra1 ,oromase & ,aram9e4 ,! ,*9ese _h also1 & /ill h1 a my/]i\s ,tr9ity4 ,! fir/ god g5]ates ! second "o1 & bo? g5]ate ! ?ird "o4 ,! ,*9ese say t ! great t]m1 or great unity1 conta9s ?ree1 "o is ?ree1 & ?ree are "o4 ,9 ,india ,tr9ity 0 immemorially kn[n4 ,! ,fa!r ,jesuit ,calmet writes3 ,:at ,i h se5 mo/ly surpris+ is a text extract$ f ,lamaa/ambam1 "o ( ! books ( ! ,indians4444 ,x beg9s ?us3 ,! ,"l1 ! good1 ! great ,god1 9 8 m\? is ! ^w4 7,! t]m :i* !y use p]sonifies ! ^w47 ,!n x speaks ( ! ,holy ,_s 9 ^! words3 ,v5tus seu spiritus p]fectus2 translation brea? or p]fect _s1--& x ends by ! creation1 ascrib+ x to ,god alone4 ,! ,jesuit ,calmet says1 writ+ ab\t ! ,?ibetans3 ,i le>n$ ! foll[+ ab\t _! religion4 ,!y call ,god ,konciosa1 & !y seem to h "s idea ( ! adorable ,tr9ity2 = !y call ,god sometimes ,konsikosick1 ,god-"o1 & at o!r times ,kocioksum1 ,god-?ree4 ,!y use a k9d ( bead on :i* !y pron\nce ^! words3 om1 ha1 hum4 ,:5 !y are ask$ ! explanation1 !y answ] t om signifies ! intellig5ce1 or arm1 namely p[]2 t ha is ! ^w2 t hum is ! he>t or love1 & t ^! ?ree words signify ,god4 ,! ,fa!r ,b\*et1 a ,roman ,ca?olic mission>y 9 ,india1 wrote ! foll[+ to ! bi%op ( ,avran*es3 ,i comm5ce by ! confus$ idea :i* ! ,indians pres]ve ab\t ! adorable ,tr9ity4 ,my ,"l1 ,i h spok5 to y ( ! ?ree pr9cipal deities ( ! ,indians1 ,bruma1 ,wi%n\1 & ,r\tr54 ,! great] portion ( ! p say1 x is true1 t !y are ?ree diff]5t gods1 & really sep>ate4 ,b sev]al ,nianigneuls1 or spiritual m51 assure t ^! ?ree gods1 app>5tly di/9ct1 compose 9 reality b "o god3 t ?is god is call$ ,bruma1 :5 he creates & ex]cises 8 all-p[]2 t he is call$ ,wi%n\1 :5 he pres]ves ! creat$ be+s1 & does !m good2 & t1 f9ally1 he takes ! "n ( ,r\tr51 :5 he de/roys ! cities1 *a/ises ! wick$1 & makes m5 feel 8 j ang]4 ,engli% mission>ies h f\nd at ,otati "s traces ( ! ,tr9ity among ! religi\s dogmas ( ! natives4 ,plato ref]s to ?is doctr9e 9 sev]al passages ( 8 works4 ,n only1 says ,daci] 9 8 translation1 x is believ$ t he knew ab\t ! ,^w1 et]nal ,son ( ,god2 b also t he knew ab\t ! ,holy ,_s1 = he ?us writes to ! "y ,d5is3 ',i mu/ decl>e to ,ar*$emus :at is mu* m preci\s & m div9e1 & :i* y s eag]ly desire to "k2 = y s5t him to me = ?is express purpose4 ,accord+ to :at he told me1 y ?9k t ,i h n suffici5tly expla9$ to y my op9ion ab\t ! fir/ ,pr9ciple1 !re=e ,i %all write x to y1 enigmatically1 h[ev]1 9 ord] t1 if my epi/le is int]cept$ at sea or on l&1 he :o w read x w be unable to und]/& x4 ,all ?+s are ar\nd _! k+2 !y exi/ ?r\gh him1 & he is ! only cause ( good ?+s1 second = ! second ?+s1 & ?ird = ! ?ird ?+s4' ,9 ! ,ep9omis1 cont9ues ,daci]1 ,plato e/abli%es z ,pr9ciple1 ! fir/ good1 ! ,^w1 or intellig5ce & ! s\l4 ,! fir/ good is ,god2444 ! ,^w1 or intellig5ce1 is ! son ( ?is fir/ good1 :o begets him simil> to himself2 & ! s\l1 :i* is ! t]m betwe5 ! ,fa!r & ! ,son1 is ! ,holy ,_s4 ,plato _h borr[$ ?is doctr9e ab\t ,tr9ity f ,timee ( ,locre1 :o held x f ! ,italian philosophical s*ool4 ,m>sile ,fic91 9 "o ( 8 rem>ks on ,plato1 %[s f ! te/imonies ( ,jamblic1 ,porphyre1 ,plato & ,maxim ( ,tyr1 t ! ,py?agoricians knew also ! excell5ce ( ! ,t]n>y2 ,py?agoras himself indicat$ x 9 ?is symbol3 ,protima to ,s*ema1 kai ,bema1 kai ,triobolon4 ,! ,jesuit ,kirk]1 diss5t+ ab\t ! unity & tr9ity ( ! fir/ ,pr9ciple1 traces ve/iges ( ! doctr9e ( ,tr9ity up to ,py?agoras1 & to ! ,egyptians4 ,/4 ,augu/9e himself1 ?\gh ! /aun*e/ def5d] ( ! dogma ( ,tr9ity1 confess$ t1 among all ! nations ( ! _w1 a ,tr9ity1 ne>ly simil> to ! "o he believ$ 91 _h be5 held4 ,he add$ t ! ,py?agoricians1 ! ,platonicians1 & t a great numb] ( ,atlantes1 ,lybian1 ,egyptian1 ,p]sian1 ,*aldean1 ,scy?ian1 ,gall5ses1 & ,hib]nian philosoph]s1 held sev]al dogmas ab\t ! unity ( ! ,god1 ,light1 & ,good1 9 common ) ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,macrobe gives u a summ>y ( anci5t or ,platonician !ology1 :i* conta9s a true ,tr9ity1 ( :i* t ( ! ,papi/s & ( ! self-call$ ,prote/ant ,or?odox is b a copy4 ,accord+ to ?is summ>y1 ! _w has be5 =m$ by ! univ]sal s\l3 ?is s\l is ! same z _! spiritus1 or _s4 ,!y also call ! ,holy ,_s ,creator3 ,v5i ,creator spiritus1 etc41 translation1 ,come ,_s ,creator1 etc41 7,ca?olic hymn47 ,macrobe adds1 t f ?is _s or s\l ! intellig5ce1 :i* he calls m5's proce$s4 ,is ?is n ! ,fa!r1 ! ,son1 or wisdom1 & ! ,_s t creates & vivifies all8 ,ev5 is n ! expression to proce$ common to ! anci5t & to ! ,papi/ & ,prote/ant ,or?odox ,*ur*es 9 ! filiation ( ! fir/ ?ree be+s8 ,macrobe goes f>!r4 ,he recalls ! ?ree ,pr9ciples to a primitive unit1 :o is ! sov]eign ,god4 ,aft] re/+ 8 !ory on ?is ,tr9ity he adds3 ,y see h[ ?is unit1 or orig9al monade ( ! fir/ cause1 is pres]v$ entire & indivisible up to ! s\l1 or _s1 :i* animates ! _w4 ,?is te/imony ( ,macrobe has s mu* m be>+1 t he wrote 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! fif? c5tury2 t he 0 ! fir/ ,*amb]la9 ( ! emp]or ,!odose1 & 0 ! mo/ le>n$ antiqu>ian ( t age4 ,ano!r mo/ important fact we %all record4 ,x is beyond any d\bt t be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ! ,jews did n hold ! dogma ( ,tr9ity1 nor d !y n[4 ,_! ,rabb9s1 & all ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians1 agree on ?is po9t4 ,dur+ ! fir/ ?ree c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era ! dogma ( ,tr9ity 0 n g5]ally believ$4 ,! ,simonians1 ! ,ni*olates1 ! ,val5t9ians1 ! ,basilidians1 ! ,c>pocratians1 ! ,ophites1 ! ,se?ians1 all ! ,gno/ics1 & _m o!r ,*ri/ian sects reject$ x4 ,x 0 only 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 t ,arius & ! above sects 7 condemn$ 9 ! c\ncil ( ,nice1 because !y d5i$ ! div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,?is c\ncil 0 assembl$ by ! ord] ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ,i41 :o 0 urg$ to x by ! ,bi%op ( ,rome1 7or ,pope17 ^: ,*ur* held ! dogma ( ,tr9ity4 ,z a matt] ( c\rse ! bi%ops ( ! c\ncil _h to decide accord+ to ! w ( ^? two lead]s2 = ,con/ant9e ?reat5$ !m ) deposition & exile3 9 fact he bani%$ ,arius1 & depos$ sev5te5 bi%ops1 :o did n subscribe to ! decision ( ! c\ncil4 ,! doctr9e t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god himself 0 s g5]ally spread1 & s deeply root$ 9 ! m9ds1 t sev]al successors ( ,con/ant9e ,i4 embrac$ ,arianism2 & x 0 only aft] c5turies t ,arianism1 :i* 0 spread ne>ly all ov] ! ,ea/1 0 cru%$ by ! papal & ! imp]ial p[]4 ,n[ let u draw our conclusions4 ,s9ce ! ,jews _h no k ( ! dogma ( ,tr9ity1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome c\ld n borr[ x f !m2 s9ce ! g5]ality ( ! ,*ri/ian sects dur+ ! fir/ ?ree c5turies did n believe 9 ! div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n f9d ! dogma ( ,tr9ity 9 ! ,gospel2 7besides1 ! ,ca?olic !ologians nev] pret5d$ t ! ,scriptures tea* x--!y simply pret5d$1 & /ill pret5d1 t x 0 a tradition47 ,s9ce ! dogma ( ,tr9ity 0 believ$ by _m ,pagan sects1 !n ! ,roman ,*ur* borr[$ x f !m4 ,9 turns1 ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es borr[$ ?is doctr9e f ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,!re=e ! doctr9e ( ,tr9ity is ( ,pagan orig94 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,! ,,supreme ,,div9ity ,,( ,,jesus ,,*ri/4 ,,x w be demon/rat$ t ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is ( ,pagan orig91 if x c be prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 f :i* ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es borr[$ ?is doctr9e1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 &1 #b;d1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome uses1 9 h] adoration to ,jesus ,*ri/1 rites & c]emonies ( a /rik+ simil>ity ) ^? us$ by ! ,pagans1 9 _! adoration to ! sun1 "u ! names ( ,bac*us1 ,h]cules1 ,osiris1 ,mi?ra1 ,atys1 etc4 ,b x c be prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 f :i* ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 &1 #b;d1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome uses1 9 h] adoration to ,jesus ,*ri/1 rites & c]emonies ( a /rik+ simil>ity ) ^? us$ by ! ,pagans 9 _! adoration to ! sun1 "u ! names ( ,bac*us1 ,h]cules1 ,osiris1 ,mi?ra1 ,atys1 etc4 #a/4 ,we prove t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 f :i* ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x w be evid5t t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 f :i* ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 if1 until ne>ly ! end ( ! ?ird c5tury1 ! v>i\s ,*ri/ian d5om9ations1 or sects1 did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,b1 until ne>ly ! end ( ! ?ird c5tury1 ! v>i\s ,*ri/ian d5om9ations1 or sects1 did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,?is we prove3-- ,we reque/ ! read]s to be> 9 m9d1 9 read+ ?is *apt]1 t we h extract$ all ! pro(s & /atem5ts br\ght =? !re91 f ! works ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic prie/ ,b]gi]1 :i* we h /udi$ 9 our ,ca?olic !ological s*ool2 f ! works ( ! ,rev4 ,fa!r ,jesuit ,fell]2 f ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,*ur*1 by ,b]rault-,b]-,ca/el1 a ,roman ,ca?olic prie/2 & f ! ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 by ! ,roman ,ca?olic cl]gyman ,fleury4 ,^? pro(s & /atem5ts c be v]ifi$1 9 ! fir/ two writ]s1 at ! articles ( ! sects1 & ( _! au?ors1 arrang$ 9 alphabetical ord]2 & 9 ! o!r au?ors at ! dates ( ! c5turies & ye>s4 ,b]gi] says3 ,! ,c]9?ians pret5d$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 born f ,joseph & ,m>y l o!r m52 b t he 0 end[$ ) a sup]ior wisdom & hol9ess2 t :5 he 0 baptiz$1 ,*ri/1 or ! ,son ( ,god1 _h desc5d$ on him "u ! =m ( a dove1 & _h reveal$ to him ,god ! ,fa!r1 till !n unkn[n1 9 ord] t he might make him kn[n to m54 ,! ,c]9?ians sprung up1 accord+ to ,/4 ,epiphane1 9 ! middle ( ! fir/ c5tury1 b accord+ to ,/4 ,ir5eus1 at ab\t ! ye> #hh4 ,!re=e ! ,c]9?ians did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,b]gi] says3 ,! ,c>pocratians suppos$ ! pre-exi/5ce ( ! s\ls2 pret5d$ t !y _h s9n$ 9 an ant]ior life2 t z a puni%m5t ( _! crimes !y _h be5 condemn$ to be %ut up 9 bodies4444 ,9 _! belief1 ! s\l ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 be=e h] inc>nation1 _h be5 m fai?ful to ,god ?an ! o!rs4 ,x is = ?is reason t ,god _h end[$ h] ) m k ?an ! s\ls ( o!r m52 also ) m /r5g? bo? to defeat ! g5iuses oppos$ to humanity1 & to return to heav5 aga9/ _! w4 ,god1 !y said1 grants ! same favor to ^? :o love ,jesus ,*ri/2 & :o1 l him1 "k ! dignity ( _! s\ls4 ,?us ! ,c>pocratians consid]$ ,jesus ,*ri/ z be+ simply a man1 ?\gh m p]fect ?an ! o!rs2 !y believ$ t he 0 ! son ( ,joseph & ,m>y1 & confess$ 8 miracles & suff]+s4 ,!y are n accus$ ( d5y+ ! resurrection1 b ( d5y+ ! g5]al resurrection2 & ( hold+ t ! s\l only 7n ! body7 ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 _h asc5d$ to ! heav5s4 ,! sect ( ! ,c>pocratians comm5c$ t[>ds ! end ( ! fir/ c5tury4 ,!re=e ! ,c>pocratians did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,b]gi] writes ?us ab\t ! ,ebionites3 ,x is v probable t 7al?\gh "s au?ors say t !y date f ! ye> #gb ( ! fir/ c5tury7 !y comm5c$ to be kn[n only 9 ! ye> #ajc1 or ev5 lat]1 "u ! reign ( ,adrian1 aft] ! total ru9 ( ,j]usalem1 9 ! ye> #aai2 t ! ,ebionites & ! ,naz>5es are two diff]5t sects2 x is ! op9ion ( ,mo%eim1 ,hi/4 ,*ri/41 soec4 #a1 p>4 #eh1 soec4 #b1 p>4 #ci4444 ,! ,ebionites consid]$ ,jesus ,*ri/ z be+ simply a man born f ,joseph & ,m>y4 ,consequ5tly ! ,ebionites did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,*ri/ian sect ( ! ,basilidians 0 f\nd$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! second c5tury by ,basilide ( ,alex&ria1 ,fell] says2 he _h be5 conv]t$ f ! philosophy ( ,py?agoras & ,plato to ,*ri/ianism4 ,b]gi] writes ab\t ! ,basilidians3 ,!y believ$ t ,god _h s5t 8 ,son1 or intellig5ce1 "u ! "n ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 to lib]ate ^? :o w\ld believe 9 him2 t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h really p]=m$ ! miracles ascrib$ to him by ! ,*ri/ians2 b t he _h only a fanta/ical body & ! appe>ances ( a man4 ,!re=e ! ,basilidians did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! sect ( ! ,m>cionites 0 e/abli%$1 9 ! middle ( ! second c5tury1 by ,m>cio1 ! son ( a bi%op ( ,pontus4 ,! ,m>cionites held t ,god1 pr9ciple ( ! spirits1 _h giv5 to "o ( !m1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! appe>ances ( humanity2 & _h s5t him to ! e>? to aboli% ! law & ! prophets2 to tea* to m5 t _! s\ls come f heav51 & t !y _c be re/or$ to happ9ess except 9 reunit+ to ,god4 ,!re=e ! ,m>cionites did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,val5t9 f\nd$ ! sect ( ,val5t9ians 9 #adj4 ,he 0 an ,egyptian1 & _h be5 conv]t$ f philosophy to ,*ri/ianism4 ,b]gi]1 aft] l5g?ily expos+ ! doctr9es ( 8 sect1 says1 ,consequ5tly ! ,val5t9ians nei!r admitt$ ! et]nal g5]ation ( ! ,^w1 nor 8 inc>nation1 nor ! div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 nor ! r$emption ( mank9d1 9 ! prop] s5se4 ,9 _! op9ion1 ! r$emption ( mank9d by ,jesus ,*ri/ did n ext5d f>!r ?an ?is--,jesus ,*ri/ _h come to ! _w to lib]ate m5 f ! tyranny ( ! ,eons1 & _h giv5 !m examples & lessons ( virtue1 & _h taught !m ! true means ( obta9+ et]nal happ9ess4 ,!re=e ! ,val5t9ians did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,ptolemates did n believe ! doctr9e ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & held t he 0 b ! ,son ( ,god4 ,/4 ,epiphane 9 8 "w ,hre4 #cf1 & ,b]gi]1 in=m u t ! ,h]acleonites1 ^: *ief 0 ,h]acleon1 & :o 7 widely spread1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,sicily1 believ$ t ! ,^w div9e did n create ! _w1 b t x _h be5 creat$ by "o ( ! ,eons1 or spirits4 ,9 _! op9ion1 !re 7 two worlds1 ! "o corporeal & visible1 & ! o!r spiritual & invisible1 & !y only ascrib$ ! =mation ( ! latt] to ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o 0 "o ( ! greate/ ,eons1 or spirits4 ,! ,h]acleonites 7 organiz$ z a sect 9 ! ye> #adj4 ,! ,col>basians did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,s&]us & ,b]gi] say1 t ! ,b>ules pr(ess$ to believe t ! ,son ( ,god _h b a fanta/ical body2 t !re 0 no orig9al s92 t all our s\ls _h be5 creat$ be=e ! _w1 & all _h s9n$ 9 t =m] /ate ( exi/5ce2 & t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god4 ,! ,b>desani/s1 ?us nam$ f _! f\nd]1 ,b>desanes1 a ,syrian1 :o liv$ 9 ! second c5tury1 became a l>ge sect4 ,beausobre 9 8 ,hi/ory ( ,mani*eanism1 tome #b1 book #d1 *ap4 #i1 writes1 t !y believ$ 9 two ,pr9ciples1 orig9ators ( all ?+s1 ! "o good & ! o!r bad4 ,!y d5i$ t ! et]nal ,^w1 or ,son ( ,god1 _h tak5 a human fle%2 !y said t he _h tak5 only a cele/ial & a]ial body4 ,!y d5i$ ! future resurrection ( ! body4 ,b]gi]1 ,fell]1 etc41 say ! same4 ,!n ! ,b>desani/s did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,m>cosians reject$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & held only t he 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal ,eons1 or spirits4 ,! ,m>cosians 7 f\nd$ by ,m>c 9 ! second c5tury4 ,! ,!odotians1 ,b]gi] says1 believ$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god b a man2 t he 0 above ! o!r m5 only by 8 miracul\s bir?1 & by 8 extraord9>y virtues4 ,!odote1 a native ( ,bysance1 f\nd$ !m 9 ! second c5tury4 ,! ,artemonians also d5i$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,docetes held t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 only ! ,son ( ,god1 & t he _h b app>5tly suff]$ humiliations1 torm5ts1 & dea?4 ,! ,tatiani/s did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,tatian gave !m 8 "n :5 he organiz$ !m z a ,*ri/ian d5om9ation1 9 ! second c5tury4 ,b]gi] pret5ds t "s passages ( ! writ+s ( ?is le>n$ au?or c be und]/ood ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 b ,fau/e ,soc91 & o!rs1 9 ! ,biblio!ca ,fratrum ,polonorum1 9 t5 volumes1 9 folio1 proves ! contr>y2 & at ! same "t !y prove t ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria & o!r ,fa!rs ( ! second c5tury disbeliev$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,b]gi] confesses1 h[ev]1 t x is d\btful t ,tatian _h be5 ,or?odox ab\t ! g5]ation ( ! ,^w4 ,! ,apellites d5i$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,9 _! belief !re 0 b "o ,god1 :o s5t to ! _w 8 ,son1 :o took a body n 9 ! womb ( ! virg9 ,m>y1 b f ! f\r elem5ts4 ,_! sect widely spread 9 ! ,ea/ dur+ ! second c5tury4 ,b]gi] says1 writ+ ab\t ! doctr9es ( ! ,ophites1 a ,*ri/ian sect ( ! second c5tury3 ,9 _! belief1 matt] 0 et]nal2 ! _w 0 creat$ aga9/ ! w ( ,god1 & 0 gov]n$ by a multitude ( spirits :o gov]n ! _w4 ,*ri/ unit$ to ! man ,jesus to de/roy ! empire ( ! ,demi\rge1 or creator ( ! _w4 ,!re=e ! ,ophites did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,"o ( ! doctr9es ( ! ,ca9ites 01 t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 a _s s5t by ,god to save ! _w4 ,! ,h]mog5ians1 or foll[]s ( ,h]mog5e1 a ,/oician philosoph]1 conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianism at ! end ( ! second c5tury1 believ$ t matt] 0 et]nal2 t !re 0 b "o ,god1 :o _h s5t a _s1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 to correct ! evil t 0 among m54 ,! ,h]mians1 or disciples ( ,h]mias1 ,b]gi] says1 taught t matt] is et]nal2 t ,god is ! s\l ( ! _w2 t ,jesus ,*ri/1 asc5d+ to ! heav5s left 8 body 9 ! ,sun1 f :om he _h tak5 x2 t ! s\l ( man is compos$ ( fire & ( subtle air2 t ! bir? ( *ildr5 is ! resurrection1 & t ! _w is hell4 ,b]gi] adds1 9 ano!r article1 t !y believ$ t !re 0 b "o ,god1 :o _h s5t to ! _w a _s1 ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,!re=e ! ,h]mians did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,b]gi]1 writ+ ab\t ! ,se?ians1 says3 ,!y said t ! s\l ( ,se? _h pass$ to ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & t ,se? & ,jesus ,*ri/ 7 ! same p]son4 ,/4 ,augu/9e in=ms u t ! ,sev]ians did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! fle%1 & reject$ ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,!y did n believe t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ,god himself4 ,! ,encratites nev] held t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ,god4 ,b]gi] says1 ,!y did n believe t ! ,son ( ,god 0 truly born f ! virg9 ,m>y4 ,! ,valesians reject$ ! doctr9e t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ,god himself4 ,b]gi] writes3 ,! ,hi]acites1 h]etics ( ! ?ird c5tury1 7 e/abli%$ by ,hi]ax1 or ,hi]acas1 a physician by pr(ession1 born at ,leontium1 or ,leontople1 9 ,egypt4 ,/4 ,epiphane1 :o relates & refutes ! errors ( ?is ,sect>ian1 confesses t ! au/]ity ( 8 morals 0 exempl>y2 t he 0 famili> ) ! ,greek & ,egyptian sci5ces2 t he _h ?or\ghly /udi$ ! ,scriptures1 & t he 0 gift$ ) a p]suasive eloqu5ce4 ,he d5i$ ! resurrection ( ! body1 & admitt$ b a spiritual resurrection ( ! s\ls4 ,he confess$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h be5 g5]at$ by ! ,fa!r2 t ! ,holy ,gho/ proce$s f ! ,fa!r z well z ! ,son2 b he _h dream$ t ! ,holy ,gho/ _h tak5 a human body "u ! =m ( ,mel*is$ek4 ,he d5i$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h a true human body4 ,!re=e ! ,hi]acites d5i$ ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,b]gi] ?us writes ab\t ! ,samosatians3 ,!y 7 disciples & foll[]s ( ,paul ( ,samosate1 bi%op ( ,antio*1 at or ab\t ! ye> #bfb4 ,?is h]etic taught t !re is 9 ,god "o sole p]son1 namely1 ! ,fa!r2 t ! ,son & ! ,holy ,_s are only two attributes ( ,god1 "u :i* he manife/$ himself to m53 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is n ,god1 b a man to :om ,god has communicat$ 8 wisdom 9 an extraord9>y mann]4 ,!re=e ! ,samosatians did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,mani*eans d5i$ ! div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & believ$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h n a real body :ile on e>?4 ,8 s\l1 !y said1 0 ( a nature simil> to ! nature ( ! s\ls ( o!r m51 ?\gh m p]fect4 ,he 0 ! ,son ( ,god4 ,!re=e ! ,mani*eans d5i$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,all ! above sects compos$ ne>ly ! :ole ,*ri/ian body1 dur+ ! fir/ ?ree c5turies2 &1 z %[n to ! read]1 e "o ei!r ignor$ or d5i$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,!n x rema9s evid5t t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 f :i* ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,confirmatur4--,z a confirmation ( ?is la/ & v important consequ5ce1 we are to prove1 #a/4 ,t 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 h]self1 ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 e/abli%$ only at ab\t ! ye> #ahj4 ,rem>k4--,by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 we mean only ! *ur* ^: bi%op 7:o aft] c5turies assum$ ! title ( ,pope17 0 at ,rome1 & :i*1 !n1 did n ext5d f>!r ?an ! prov9ce ( ,rome1 & a few o!r occid5tal places4 #b;d4 ,t 9 ! c\ncil ( ,nice1 held 9 #cbe1 despite ! ef=ts ( ! ,bi%op ( ,rome2 & despite ! tyranny ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ,i41 :o invok$ ! c\ncil at 8 own exp5se1 att5d$1 surr\nd$1 & en=c$ x ) milit>y =ce1 x 0 ) ! greate/ difficulty t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome obta9$1 f ! bi%ops :o compos$ x1 a decision 9 favor ( ! doctr9e %e held1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ,god himself4 #c;d4 ,t x 0 only long aft] ! c\ncil ( ,nice t its decision1 9 favor ( ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 prevail$ among ! *ur*es :i* dep5d$ on ! ,emp]or ( ,con/ant9ople1 & on ! ,bi%op ( ,rome4 #d?4 ,we w also pres5t a succ9ct view ( ! l>ge numb] ( ,*ri/ians1 :o1 )\t ! pale ( ! communion ( ,rome1 pres]v$ ! =m] belief t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god4 #a/4 ,we prove t 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome h]self1 ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 e/abli%$ only at ab\t ! ye> #ahj4 ,b]gi] himself makes ! foll[+ confession3 ,an anci5t au?or1 :o is believ$ to be ,cau1 bi%op ( ,rome1 :o _h writt5 aga9/ ,artemon1 & ( :om ,eusebe has relat$ ! words1 ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 book #e1 *ap4 #bb1 seems to conf\nd toge!r ! ,!odotians & ! ,artemonians4444 ,!y ma9ta91 he says1 t _! doctr9e is n new2 t x has be5 taught by ! apo/les1 & t x has be5 foll[$ 9 ! *ur* until ! pontificates ( ,victor & ( ,zephyr9e 8 successor1 b t s9ce t "t ! tru? has be5 alt]$4 ,b]gi] adds1 ,! ,!odotians believ$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 a man1 & n ,god1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 above ! o!r m5 only by 8 miracul\s bir?1 & by 8 extraord9>y virtues4 ,also1 ,b]gi] says1 t1 al?\gh ,!odote 0 a native ( ,bysance1 he resid$ 9 ,rome1 :]e he prea*$ ! same doctr9e z ,!odote1 at lea/ 9 reg>d to ,jesus ,*ri/ be+ a man & n ,god4 ,!re=e 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome h]self1 ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 e/abli%$ only at ab\t ! ye> #ahj4 #b;d4 ,we prove t 9 ! c\ncil ( ,nice1 held 9 #cbe1 despite ! ef=ts ( ! ,bi%op ( ,rome2 & despite ! tyranny ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ,i41 :o convok$ ! c\ncil at 8 own exp5se1 att5d$1 surr\nd$1 & en=c$ x ) milit>y =ce1 x 0 ) ! greate/ difficulty t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome obta9$1 f ! bi%ops :o compos$ x1 a decision 9 favor ( ! doctr9e %e held1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ,god4 ,arius1 a prie/ ( ,alex&ria1 surpris$ at he>+ ,alex&]1 8 bi%op1 tea*+ 9 an assembly ( prie/s1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ,god1 prote/$ aga9/ ?is new doctr9e4 ,an animat$ controv]sy betwe5 him & ,alex&]1 & !n betwe5 ! fri5ds ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i* held ?is doctr9e1 & o!r *ur*es :i* did n1 ensu$4 ,! c\ncil ( ,nice assembl$1 & !re sev5te5 bi%ops boldly fac$ ! legate ( ,sylve/re1 ! emp]or ,con/ant9e & 8 milit>y =ce2 & !y sid$ ) ,arius4 ,eusebe1 bi%op ( ,ces>ea1 ! mo/ le>n$ ( ! bi%ops :o compos$ ! c\ncil1 sid$ ) ,arius4 ,he is ! same ,eusebe :o wrote ! ,evangelical ,prep>ation & ,demon/ration1 9 two volumes 9 folio2 :o wrote an ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 ! ,life ( ,con/ant9e1 a ,*ronic & a ,comm5t>y on ! ,psalms & on ,isaiah4 ,con/ant9e =c$ !m ei!r to yield & to acquiesce to ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 or to be expell$ f _! episcopal sees2 & ,arius1 exil$1 _h to retire 9 ,pale/9e4 ,consequ5tly1 9 ! c\ncil ( ,nice1 held 9 #cbe1 despite ! ef=ts ( ! ,bi%op ( ,rome2 & despite ! tyranny ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ,i41 :o convok$ ! c\ncil at 8 own exp5se1 att5d$1 surr\nd$1 & en=c$ x ) milit>y =ce1 x 0 ) ! greate/ difficulty t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome obta9$1 f ! bi%ops :o compos$ x1 a decision 9 favor ( ! doctr9e %e held1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 ,god himself4 #c;d4 ,we prove t x 0 only long aft] ! c\ncil ( ,nice1 t its decision 9 favor ( ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 prevail$ among ! *ur*es :i* dep5d$ on ! ,emp]or ( ,con/ant9ople1 & on ! ,bi%op ( ,rome4 ,b]gi]1 despite 8 p>tiality 9 favor ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 is oblig$ to make ! foll[+ av[al3 ,! ana!ma pron\nc$ aga9/ ,arianism did n de/roy x2 ! l>g] portion ( ^? 7bi%ops7 :o _h sign$ ! decision ( ! c\ncil1 only = fe> ( be+ exil$1 rema9$ atta*$ to ! p>ty ( ,arius4 ,con/ant9e himself1 influ5c$ by an ,arian prie/1 recomm5d$ to him by 8 si/] ,con/antia1 at h] dea? b$1 & :o _h ga9$ 8 confid5ce1 cons5t$ to ! repeal ( ,arius f 8 exile1 9 #cbh4 ,?is h]etic reunit$ to 8 p>tisans1 & comm5c$ spread+ 8 errors ) ev5 m e>ne/ness ?an be=e4 ,b ,/4 ,a?anase1 :o _h succe$$ to ,alex&] 9 ! episcopal see ( ,alex&ria1 con/antly refus$ to commune ) him1 & by ?is firmness displeas$ ,con/ant9e ,i4 ,s9ce t "t ! ,arians became a r$\btable p>ty4 ,!y held sev]al c\ncils :]e !y obta9$ ! majority4444 ,arius di$ 9 a tragic mann]1 9 ! ye> #ccg4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,con/ant9e ,i41 9 #ccg1 ! p>ty ( ! ,arians 0 alt]natively ! /rong]1 9 ratio ( ! less or great] protection ext5d$ to !m or to ! ,or?odox by ! ,emp]ors4 ,"u ,con/ance1 :o favor$ !m1 !y fill$ ! ,ori5t ) s$itions & tr\bles2 b ,con/ant9e ,junior & ,con/ant1 :o reign$ 9 ,occid5t1 prev5t$ ,arianism f spread+4 ,9 #cea1 ,con/ance1 :o _h become ! ma/] ( ! :ole empire by ! dea? ( 8 two bro!rs1 protect$ ,arianism m op5ly ?an be=e4 ,sev]al c\ncils 7 held 9 ,italy1 9 :i* ! ,arians _h ! majority2 & o!rs1 9 :i* ! ,ca?olics _h ! sup]iority4444 ,julian1 :o 0 emp]or 9 #cfb1 sid$ nei!r ) "o p>ty nor ) ! o!r4 ,val5s1 emp]or ( ! ,ori5t1 9 #cfd1 favor$ & embrac$ ,arianism2 :]eas ,val5t9ian1 8 bro!r1 did all 9 8 p[] to extirpate x f ! ,occid5t4 ,gratian1 & aft]w>ds ,!odose1 proscrib$ ,arianism f ! :ole empire4444 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! fif? c5tury1 ! ,go?s1 ! ,burgundians1 & ! ,v&als1 spread x 9 ,gaul & 9 ,africa4 ,! ,visigo?s introduc$ x 9 ,spa91 :]e x subsi/$ z long z ! k+s ( t c\ntry 7 ,arians !mselves1 until ! ye> #ffj4 ,arianism 0 to be reviv$ 9 ! sixte5? c5tury4 ,x is probable t ,arianism w\ld h invad$ ! :ole ,ori5t if ! ,arians _h be5 unit$4 ,!re=e1 x 0 only long aft] ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice1 t its decision1 9 favor ( ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 prevail$ among ! *ur*es :i* dep5d$ on ! ,emp]or ( ,con/ant9ople1 & on ! ,bi%op ( ,rome4 #d?4 ,we w also pres5t a succ9ct view ( ! l>ge numb] ( ,*ri/ians1 :o1 )\t ! pale ( ! communion ( ,rome1 pres]v$ ! =m] belief t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god4 ,we h prov$1 9 ! c\rse ( ?is *apt]1 t ! foll[+ ,*ri/ian sects1 or d5om9ations1 did n believe ! doctr9e ( ! div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/3 ! ,cor9?ians1 ! ,c>pocratians1 ! ,ebionites1 ! ,basilidians1 ! ,m>cionites1 ! ,val5t9ians1 ! ,ptolemates1 ! ,h]acleonites1 ! ,col>basians1 ! ,b>ules1 ! ,b>desani/s1 ! ,m>cosians1 ! ,!odotians1 ! ,artemonians1 ! ,docetes1 ! ,tatiani/s1 ! ,apellites1 ! ,ophites1 ! ,ca9ites1 ! ,h]mog5ians1 ! ,h]mians1 ! ,se?ians1 ! ,sev]ians1 ! ,encratites1 ! ,valesians1 ! ,hi]acites1 ! ,samosatians1 & ! ,mani*eans4 ,b ne>ly all ^! ,*ri/ian sects ( ! fir/ ?ree c5turies outliv$ ! ,c\ncil ( ,nice1 & pres]v$ ?r\gh c5turies ! doctr9e t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god himself3 ?is is ! unanim\s te/imony ( hi/orians4 ,f ! f\r heads ( conv9c+ hi/orical pro(s br\ght =? 9 ?is confirmatur1 we draw once m ! conclusion3 #a/4 ,!n ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 f :i* ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ! div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 #b;d4 ,we prove ! second proposition ( ! argum5t ( ?is *apt]1 namely1 t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome uses1 9 h] adoration to ,jesus ,*ri/1 rites & c]emonies ( a /rik+ simil>ity ) ^? us$ by ! ,pagans 9 _! adoration to ! sun1 "u ! names ( ,bac*us1 ,h]cules1 ,osiris1 ,mi?ra1 ,atys1 etc4 ,e ye> ! ,pagans celebrat$ ) pomp ! dea? ( ,bac*us4 ,^? celebrations 7 call$ ,titanical1 & celebrations ( ! p]fect night4 ,!y suppos$ t ?is god _h be5 sla9 by ! ,giants2 b t 8 "m1 or ,c]es1 _h reunit$ 8 bones4 ,to retrace 8 dea? !y kill$ a bull1 ^: raw fle% !y ate1 because ,bac*us1 repres5t$ ) ! horns ( an ox1 _h be5 ?us torn by ! ,titans4 ,julius-,firmicus1 an or?odox au?or ( ! f\r? c5tury1 :o wrote ab\t ! leg5d ( ,bac*us1 says t ! ,pagans consid]$ ^? fictions z sol> fables4 ,he adds t ! sun 0 irritat$ at be+ ?us wor%ip$3 "h1 9 be+ imm]s$ into ! ,nile riv]1 "u ! names ( ,osiris & ( ,horus2 !re1 9 be+ mutilat$ "u ! names ( ,atys & ( ,adonis2 & 9 o!r places1 9 be+ boil$ or roa/$1 l ,bac*us4 ,! ,bac*anals1 or disord]ly1 noisy1 tumultu\s1 & frantic sc5es took place4 ,/4 ,a?anase1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,!ophile1 ,a!nagoras1 ,m9utius-,felix1 ,lactance1 ,firmicus1 & o!r ,*ri/ian writ]s ( ! fir/ c5turies1 z well z m anci5t au?ors1 describe ! g5]al m\rn+ ( ! ,egyptians 9 ! anniv]s>y day ( ! dea? ( ,osiris4 ,!y describe ! c]emonies practic$ on 8 tomb1 & ! te>s %$ !reon dur+ sev]al days4 ,! my/]ies 9 :i* ! repres5tation ( 8 dea? 0 exhibit$1 & :i* took place dur+ ! night1 7 call$ my/]ies ( night4 ,likewise ! dea? ( ,mi?ra 0 celebrat$4 ,to ! usual magnific5ce ( 8 temples succe$$ a gloomy sight4 ,! prie/s1 dur+ ! night1 c>ri$ 8 image 9 a tomb1 & laid x on a litt]1 9 ! same mann] z ! ,pho5icians laid ! image ( ,adonis4 ,?is c]emony 0 accompani$ ) dismal songs1 & ) groans4 ,! prie/s1 aft] ?is feign$ expression ( grief1 k9dl$ a flambeau1 call$ sacr$2 ano9t$ ! image ( ,mi?ra ) *risma1 or ) p]fumes2 & !n "o ( !m1 9 a solemn & l\d voice1 pron\nc$ ^! words3 ,*e] up1 holy m\rn]s1 y\r god is come aga9 to life2 8 sorr[s & 8 suff]+s w save y4 ,julius ,firmicus1 :o relates ?is1 exclaims3 ,:y d y exhort ^? un=tunate to rejoice8 ,:y d y deceive !m ) false promises8 ,! dea? ( y\r god is kn[n2 b 8 new life is n prov$4 ,!re is no oracle t asc]ta9s 8 resurrection2 he has n appe>$ to m5 aft] 8 resurrection to prove 8 div9ity4 ,an idol y bury2 ^u an idol y m\rn2 an idol y lift up f ! tomb1 & hav+ express$ y\r grief y rejoice1 etc4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome practices alike c]emonies 9 celebrat+ ! anniv]s>y day ( ! dea? ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,all ! ornam5ts ( ea* *ur*1 ! /atues & images ( sa9ts1 etc41 are clo!d 9 black4 ,9 "o ( ! *apels ( ! *ur* a tomb is prep>$1 9 :i*1 on ! ,holy ,?ursday morn+1 ,jesus ,*ri/--namely1 a waf] :i* has be5 consecrat$--is laid1 %ut up1 n 9 ! o/5sorium1 b 9 a ciborium1 z a sign ( m\rn+4 ,! prie/s p]=m ?is c]emony4 ,dur+ ! :ole day ! *ur* is ?rong$ ) p1 :o come to express to ,jesus ,*ri/ _! sympa?y 9 8 suff]+s4 ,at ab\t eight o'clock 9 ! ev5+1 a gloomy procession1 compos$ ( ! prie/s & ! p1 m>* along ! /reets 9 ! d>k 7?is procession takes place only 9 ,ca?olic c\ntries17 n[ & !n recit+ 9 a l[ & dismal tone a v]se ( ! psalm1 ,mis]]e mei ,deus1 translation1 ,"l h m]cy on me4 ,:5 ?is procession has tak5 place1 hymns ( suff]+ & ( dea? are sung 9 ! *ur*1 ar\nd ! tomb 9 :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ lays4 ,at elev5 o'clock a prie/ goes to ! pulpit1 & 9 an affect+ mann] relates to ! sobb+ & weep+ multitude ! suff]+s & dea? ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,?is address is call$ ,passion's s]mon4 ,! p sp5d ! :ole night 9 ! *ur* to keep company to ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 8 suff]+s1 !y say1 & to relieve him by _! sympa?y4 ,9 ! morn+ ( ! ,holy ,friday ! *ur* is yet fill$ ) m\rn]s4 ,! prie/s1 processionally1 b 9 sil5ce1 g to ! tomb :]e ,jesus ,*ri/ lays1 take him out1 & c>ry him into ! tab]nacle1 :]e !y %ut him up1 b )\t leav+ any tap] burn+ 9 ! :ole *ur*4 ,9 ! ev5+1 aft] ! recitation ( ! ,(ficium ,t5ebr>um1 translation1 ,(fice ( ,d>kness1 boys1 m51 wom5 & all1 fill ! *ur* ) _! yells1 ) ! %>p s\nd ( rattles1 ) ! bl[s !y /rike on bo>ds ) small & l>ge /icks1 & ) s\nd+1 sonor\s in/rum5ts1 su* z horns1 etc4 ,a few days aft] !y eat ! waf]1 :i* !y pret5d to be ! raw fle% & blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,pagans1 9 celebrat+ ! resurrection ( ,bac*us1 ,osiris1 etc41 :o repres5t$ ! sun1 light$ ! lamps ( _! temples ) a fire1 :i* ! prie/s obta9$ by /rik+ a piece ( /eel ) silex1 & 0 call$ new fire4 ,t day ! prie/s 7 clo!d 9 :ite ornam5ts2 ! lu/ral wat]s 7 r5ew$1 & also ! decorations ( ! temples3 s 9 e *ur* ! ,romi% prie/s /rike a piece ( /eel ) silex1 & obta9 a fire call$ new fire2 ) x !y light ! lamps1 & ! tap] call$ ,pas*al tap]4 ,!y r5ew ! holy wat]1 :i* ! p pi\sly c>ry to _! homes1 & keep = protection dur+ ! /orms1 etc4 ,! prie/s *ange _! prie/ly g>m5ts1 & clo! 9 :ite4 ,! ,pagans wor%ip$ ! sun "u ! "n ( ,aries1 because ! ,aries 0 "o ( ! cele/ial signs3 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome wor%ips ,jesus ,*ri/ "u ! =m ( a lamb4 ,=m]ly1 ! ,roman ,ca?olic p>5ts susp5d$ on ! necks ( _! *ildr5 ! symbolic image ( a lamb2 & ! wom51 in/ead ( we>+ a cross1 z !y d n[1 wore a lamb4 ,?is practice _h be5 introduc$ by ! ,romi% prie/s1 :o sold1 z !y sell n[1 ,agnus ,dei1 :i* h be5 consecrat$ ) pray]s & spr9kl$ ) holy wat]1 z be+ ! emblems ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,a lamb 0 repres5t$ ble$+1 & "u x 0 a vessel 9 :i* ! blood dropp$4 ,?is practice 0 9 use till ! ye> #fhj1 "u ! pontificate ( ! pope ,aga?on1 & "u ! reign ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ,,iii41 surnam$ ,pogonat4 ,!n x 0 ord]$ by ! six? c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople1 canon #hb1 t a man nail$ to a cross %\ld be sub/itut$ to ! anci5t symbol ( a lamb4 ,h[ev]1 ?is symbol 0 p>tly pres]v$ 9 ! *ur*1 z se5 above4 ,! symbol ( a lamb is yet se5 on ! tab]nacle1 or small box ( m>ble1 or ( wood1 ri*ly wr\ght ^u1 plac$ on ! alt>2 also on ! o/5sorium1 & on ! =ep>t ( ! alt>s4 ,! ,pagans plac$ a sunlike halo ar\nd ! heads ( ! /atues ( ,osiris1 ,bac*us1 & o!r gods1 :o1 9 _! op9ion1 repres5t$ ! sun3 likewise 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome ! prie/s place ! waf]1 :i*1 !y ?9k1 is ,jesus ,*ri/ himself1 9 an o/5sorium1 :i* is %ap$ l ! disc ( ! sun2 & :i* repres5ts 8 beams2 ! waf] itself is circul>4 ,?is o/5sorium is ( silv]1 or ( gold1 & adorn$ ) diamonds1 or gems4 ,above ! alt> a l>ge sun is g5]ally ei!r pa9t$1 or c>v$1 or =m$ ) drap]ies4 ,! ,pagans kept 9 _! temples a lamp burn+1 9 ! honor ( ! sun3 s1 9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur*es a lamp is kept burn+1 day & night1 ne> ! alt>1 9 ! honor ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,pagans built _! temples s t ! sanctu>y 0 turn$ t[>ds ! ris+ sun3 likewise1 ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur*es are built s t ! sanctu>y be turn$ t[>ds ! ris+ sun4 ,! ,pagans c>ri$ 9 triumph1 processionally1 & ) ! mo/ brilliant pomp1 ! /atues ( ,bac*us1 ,osiris1 & o!r gods1 repres5t+ ! sun3 likewise1 on ! fea/ day ( ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! consecrat$ waf] is c>ri$ 9 triumph1 processionally1 & ) ! mo/ brilliant pomp4 ,! prie/ly & o!r ornam5ts are ( a tissue ( silv]1 or ( gold4 ,a multitude ( p foll[3 ! v>i\s confrat]nities ( ,p5it5ts1 ! ones grey1 ! o!rs blue1 ! o!rs :ite1 etc41 & ! _m confrat]nities ( virg9s1 ( m>ri$ wom51 all 9 v>iegat$ co/umes1 m>* be=e ! consecrat$ waf]4 ,! civil1 judici>y1 & milit>y au?orities1 regim5ts ( soldi]s ) brass b&s1 ) drums beat+1 ) bann]s & flags unfurl$1 escort ! consecrat$ waf]1 :i* is c>ri$ by ! fir/ prie/ ( ! p>i%1 "u a canopy ( ! mo/ co/ly & magnific5t tissue4 ,! ,pagans burnt flambeaux be=e ! /atues ( ,osiris1 ,bac*us1 etc41 to repres5t ! planets2 & sometimes to repres5t ! signs ( ! ,zodiac3 s1 9 ! ,roman ,ca?olic *ur*es1 ^u ! alt>1 !re are six *&eli]s1 ) c&les burn+ ar\nd ! consecrat$ waf]1 namely1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o is 9 ! middle4 ,f all ! above facts we may legitimately draw ! conclusion1 t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome uses1 9 h] adoration to ,jesus ,*ri/1 rites & c]emonies ( a /rik+ simil>ity ) ^? us$ by ! ,pagans 9 _! adoration to ! sun1 "u ! names ( ,bac*us1 ,h]cules1 ,osiris1 ,mi?ra1 ,atys1 etc4 ,we n[ come to ! g5]al conclusions ( ! pres5t *apt]4 ,x has be5 prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 f :i* ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ! div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 #b;d4 ,x has be5 prov$ t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome uses1 9 h] adoration to ,jesus ,*ri/1 rites & c]emonies ( a /rik+ simil>ity ) ^? us$ by ! ,pagans 9 _! adoration to ! sun1 "u ! names ( ,bac*us1 ,h]cules1 ,osiris1 ,mi?ra1 ,atys1 etc4 ,!n ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 f :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/ _h borr[$ x f ! ,pagans4 ,!re=e ! doctr9e ( ! supreme div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is ( ,pagan orig94 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,endless ,,hell4 ,,article ,i4 ,metempsy*osis1 or ,transmigration ( ! ,s\ls4 ,,! rul]s ( nations1 & ! au?ors ( ! initiations1 _h a pr(\nd k ( ! human nature1 & ( ! g5ius ( ! p4 ,f ! fact t an ox1 unaw>e ( 8 /r5g?1 yields to ! lead+ h& ( a *ild1 s !y knew t w\ld !y let ! masses ignore _! p[]1 !y c\ld easily control !m1 m\ld _! op9ions1 habits1 & morals4 ,also aw>e ( ! t]ror t dea? impress$ ^u _! m9ds1 & kn[+ t x is an infirmity ( man's nature1 :5 uncultivat$ by philosophy1 to fe> m a di/ant & indef9ite1 b unavoidable mis]y beyond ! grave1 ?an ! mo/ excruciat+ tortures on e>?1 !y f\nd 9 ^? prejudices ( ! p a sure means to lead & rule !m4 ,!re=e !y endeavor$ to make !m believe t ^? :o w\ld transgress ! laws1 or w\ld commit "s o!r crimes1 %\ld be puni%$ by ! gods immortal 9 ! future life4 ,!y _h to inv5t ! nature ( t puni%m5t1 & z !re 7 _m degrees ( wick$ness1 !y _h to admit1 also1 v>i\s degrees 9 ! puni%m5t4 ,to m easily & m surely make ! p believe _! inv5tion1 !y ?\ght x 0 wise to make ! puni%m5t1 & its degrees1 co9cide ) ! !n univ]sally e/abli%$ religion1 :i* 0 b "o1 ?\gh !re 7 _m sy/ems ( !ology4 ,t religion 0 ! "o we h exam9$ 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ?is "w1 & :i* consi/$ 9 ! belief t nature 0 an uncreat$ b animat$ be+1 ^: va/ body compris$ ! e>?1 ! sun1 ! planets1 & ! />s1 to :i* "o great s\l impress$ motion & life2 & t ^? pr9cipal p>ts1 or memb]s1 ( ! body ( ! univ]se 7 animat$ by emanations or irradiations ( ! great s\l ( ! univ]se1 or nature4 ,?is pan!i/ic doctr9e 0 mat]iali/2 = x suppos$ t ! great s\l ( ! univ]se 0 ! pure/ sub/ance ( ! fire e!r1 & !reby man's s\l 0 ( ! same nature4 ,x 0 ! belief ev5 ( ! fam\s philosoph] ,py?agoras1 & ( 8 disciples4 ,all animals1 accord+ to ,s]vius1 ! comm5tator ( ,virgil1 draw _! fle% f ! e>?1 _! humors f wat]1 _! brea? f ! air1 & _! s\l f ! brea? ( ! ,deity4 ,?us ! bees h a small portion ( ! ,deity4 ,our s\l is l a drop ( wat] :i* is n annihilat$1 :e!r x evaporates 9 ! air1 or cond5ses & falls aga9 9 ra91 or rolls into ! sea to add its littl5ess to ! massy wat]s4 ,:5 we die our life melts1 re5t]s into ! great s\l ( ! univ]se1 & ! rema9s ( our body mix aga9 ) ! elem5ts ( ! air4 ,virgil believ$ t our dea? is n annihilation1 b t x is a sep>ation ( two sorts ( matt]s1 ! "o !re( rema9s "h bel[1 & ! o!r reunites to ! sacr$ fire ( ! />s1 z soon z ! matt] ( :i* our s\l is compos$ has reacquir$ all ! purity ( ! subtle matt]1 f :i* x _h emanat$1 aur simplicis ignem4 ,no?+1 ,s]vius says1 is lo/ 9 ! great :ole1 & 9 ! pure fire :i* con/itutes ! sub/ance ( ! s\l4 ,virgil says ( ! s\ls3 igneus e/ ollis vigor1 et coele/is origo2 t !y are =m$ ( ! active fire t %9es 9 ! heav51 & t !y return ?i!r :5 !y are sep>at$ f ! body by dea?4 ,! same doctr9e we f9d 9 ! dream ( ,scipio3 ,x is f !re1 he says1 speak+ ( ! regions ( ! fix$ />s1 t ! s\ls desc5d$1 !reto !y %all return2 !y 7 emanat$ f ^? et]nal fires we "n />s4 ,:at ye call dea? is b a return to true life2 ! body is b a prison1 9 :i* ! s\l is mom5t>ily *a9$4 ,dea? breaks h] ties1 & re/ores h] to lib]ty1 & to h] true /ate ( exi/5ce4 ,f ?is pan!i/ic doctr9e1 x foll[$ t man's s\l is immortal ?\gh mat]ial4 ,^u ?is sort ( immortality ( our s\l1 ! rul]s built a sy/em ( puni%m5t1 call$ ,metempsy*osis1 or transmigration ( ! s\ls4 ,?is sy/em 0 s mu* ! bett] adapt$ to ! !n receiv$ religion1 t all ! s\ls be+ simply diff]5t emanations f ! same fire e!r1 ! consequ5ce 0 t all ! s\ls 7 homog5e\s1 & diff]$ only 9 appe>ance1 & by ! nature ( ! bodies to :i* ! fire-pr9ciple1 :i* compos$ _! sub/ance1 unit$4 ,virgil said t ! s\ls ( all animals are an emanation ( ! fire e!r1 & t ! diff]5ce ( _! op]ations on e>? is to be ascrib$ only to ! diff]5ce ( vases1 or organiz$ bodies1 :i* receive ?is sub/ance2 or1 accord+ to ! words ( ,s]vius1 ! less] or great] p]fection ( _! op]ations is 9 ratio ( ! nature ( ! bodies4 ,! ,indians1 among :om1 ev5 9 our days1 ! sy/em ( ,metempsy*osis prevails1 ?9k t man's s\l is absolutely ( ! same nature z t ( o!r animals4 ,!y say t man is sup]ior to !m1 n 9 8 s\l b 9 8 body1 ^: organization is m p]fect & m apt to receive ! action ( ! great ,be+1 viz41 ( ! univ]se1 ?an !irs are4 ,!y gr\nd _! op9ion on ! example ( *ildr5 & ( old m51 ^: organs be+ too weak yet1 or hav+ be5 weak5$1 d n p]mit _! s5ses to h ! same activity :i* is display$ 9 a mature age4 ,! s\l1 9 ! ex]cise ( h] op]ations1 be+ necess>ily 9 submission to ! body :i* %e animates2 & all s\ls fl[+ f ! imm5se res]voir call$ univ]sal s\l1 x foll[s t ! portion ( ! fire e!r :i* animates a man1 might z well animate an ox1 a lion1 an eagle1 a :ale1 or any o!r bea/4 ,fate caus$ t %e w\ld animate a man1 & su* a man2 b :5 ! s\l w be dis5gag$ f ?is fir/ body1 & w return to h] s\rce1 %e w be able to pass into ! body ( ano!r animal2 & h] activity w be less] or great]1 9 ratio ( ! organization ( ! new body into :i* %e w pass4 ,all ! great "w ( nature be+ r$uc$ to successive organizations & de/ructions1 9 :i* ! same matt] is t5 ?\s& times us$ "u t5 ?\s& =ms1 ! subtle matt] ( ! s\l1 c>ri$ 9 t curr5t1 br+s life to all ! m\lds :i* op5 to receive h]4 ,?us ! same wat] fl[n f a same res]voir1 ent]s ! v>i\s pipes :i* are op5$1 rolls on & empties ei!r z a f\nta91 or z a cascade1 accord+ to ! =ms ( ! orifices ( ! pipes2 !n x congregates1 evaporates1 & =ms cl\ds :i* br+s x back d[n to ! e>?1 to exp]i5ce aga9 an inf9ity ( modifications4 ,x is ! same ( ! fluid ( ! s\l spread 9 ! v>i\s canals ( ! animal organization1 fl[+ f ! bright mass ( :i* ! e!real sub/ance is compos$2 !nce be+ c>ri$ to ! e>? by ! g5]at+ =ce di/ribut$ among ! animals1 cont9ually asc5d+ & desc5d+ 9 ! univ]se1 & circulat+ )9 new bodies div]sely organiz$4 ,su* 0 ! basis ( ,metempsy*osis1 :i* became "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful political eng9es 9 ! h&s ( ! anci5t rul]s1 legislators & my/agogues4 ,py?agoras br\ght ?is doctr9e f ! ,ori5t to ,greece1 & to ,italy4 ,?is philosoph]1 & ,emp$ocles aft] him1 taught t ! s\ls ( ! crim9als1 :5 dea? sep>at$ !m f ! bodies !y animat$1 pass$ into ! bodies ( bea/s 9 ord] to suff]1 "u ^? div]s =ms ! puni%m5t ( _! wick$ness1 until !y might recov]1 by expiation1 _! native purity4 ,s ?is transmigration ( ! s\ls 0 a puni%m5t ( ! gods4 ,! ,/oicians held ?is doctr9e2 & ! emp]or ,m>cus-,aurelius1 9 ! n9? book ( 8 ,works1 said3 ,! spiritus1 or brea?1 :i* animates u1 passes f "o body into ano!r4 ,to give ! read] a g5]al idea ( :at 0 ! belief ( ! anci5ts1 & ( _! philosoph]s1 9 reg>d to ,metempsy*osis1 we take f ! t5? & la/ book ( ! ,republic ( ,plato ! foll[+ l5g?y b in/ructive extract3-- ,x is n ! n>ration ( ,alc9os 7namely1 a false /ory1 su* z ! "o ( ,ulysse to ! ,pheacians17 t ,i w tell y2 b t ( a noble man1 ( ,h]1 ! ,arm5ian1 a native ( ,pamphily4 ,he _h be5 kill$ 9 a battle2 b :51 t5 days aft]1 ! dead bodies 7 tak5 away = inhumation1 81 in/ead ( be+ 9 putrefaction l ! o!rs1 0 f\nd natural & entire4 ,x 0 c>ri$ to 8 h\se1 &1 on ! twelf? day1 :5 laid on ! wood-pile1 he came aga9 to life2 & he relat$ to ! assi/ants :at he _h se5 9 ! o!r _w4 ',z soon1' he says1 'z my s\l left my body1 ,i arriv$1 9 company ) a great numb] ( s\ls1 at a my/]i\s place1 :]e 7 se5 two op5+s ne> ea* o!r1 & two o!rs correspond+ 9 ! sky4 ,betwe5 ^! two regions 7 judges sitt+3 :5 !y _h pron\nc$ _! s5t5ce !y ord]$ ! righte\s to take ! "r h& side r\te ?r\gh "o ( ! op5+s ( ! sky1 aft] hav+ previ\sly plac$ on _! brea/ a m>k conta9+ ! judgm5t r5d]$ 9 _! favor2 also !y ord]$ ! wick$ to take ! left h& side r\te ?r\gh "o ( ! op5+s ( ! e>?1 c>ry+ on _! back a m>k conta9+ all _! evil actions4 ,:5 ,i 0 pres5t$ to ! judges1 !y decid$ t ,i %\ld return to ! e>? to in=m m5 ( :at 0 done 9 ! o!r _w2 & !y bade me li/5 & obs]ve all ,i 0 to witness4 ',fir/ ,i saw ! s\ls ( ^? :o _h be5 judg$1 ! ones asc5d+ to ! heav5s1 & ! o!rs desc5d+ bel[ ! e>? ?r\gh ! two correspond+ op5+s4 ,)al ,i saw1 ?r\gh ! o!r op5+ ( ! e>?1 _m s\ls com+ out1 cov]$ ) fil?9ess & du/2 & also1 ?r\gh ! o!r op5+ 9 ! sky1 ,i saw s\ls pure & spotless desc5d+3 !y seem$ to return f a long voyage1 & to /op ) pleasure 9 ! mead[1 z if 9 a place ( reunion4 ,^? :o knew ea* o!r mutually inquir$ :at !y _h se5 9 ! heav51 & 9 ! e>?4 ,! ones relat$ _! adv5tures ) groans & te>s1 caus$ by ! recollection ( ! suff]+s !y _h endur$1 or se5 o!rs endure1 dur+ _! voyage bel[ ! e>?1 ^: duration 0 ( a ?\s& ye>s4 ,! o!rs1 :o return$ f ! heav51 relat$ ! raptur\s pleasures !y _h enjoy$1 & ! m>vell\s ?+s !y _h se54' ,x w\ld be too long1 my de> ,glaucon1 to relate ! :ole disc\rse ( ,h] on ?is subject4 ,x might be summ$ up 9 say+ t ! s\ls 7 puni%$ t5 times = ea* inju/ice !y _h committ$ :ile on e>?2 t ! duration ( ea* puni%m5t 0 ( "o hundr$ ye>s1 natural l5g? ( man's life1 9 ord] t ! puni%m5t be ev] t5fold = ea* crime4 ,?us ^? :o _h contam9at$ !mselves ) murd]2 :o _h betray$ ,/ates & armies1 & r$uc$ !m to s]vitude2 or :o _h committ$ simil> crimes1 7 puni%$ t5fold = ea* "o ( ^? crimes4 ,:]eas ^? :o _h done good to _! fell[ m51 :o _h be5 holy & virtu\s1 receiv$ 9 ! same proportion ! rew>d ( _! good de$s4 ,9 reg>d to *ildr5 :o die imm$iately1 or a %ort "t aft] !y are born1 ,h] gave details :i* x is useless to relate4 ,accord+ to 8 n>ration !re 7 great recomp5ses = ^? :o _h honor$ ! gods1 & _h respect$ _! p>5ts2 & also !re 7 extraord9>y tortures = ! p>ricides1 & = impi\s m54 ',i 0 pres5t1' said he1 ':5 a s\l ask$ ano!r :]e 0 ! great ,ardiee4 ,?is ,ardiee _h tyranniz$ ov] a city ( ,pamphily a ?\s& ye>s be=e2 he _h kill$ 8 fa!r1 :o 0 an old man1 & he 0 guilty1 x 0 said1 ( _m o!r atroci\s crimes4 ,he does n come1 ! s\l answ]$1 & he w nev] come "h4 ,we all h witness$1 9 relation to him1 ! mo/ dreadful spectacle4 ,:5 we 7 ab\t leav+ ! subt]rane\s abyss aft] our pa9s end$1 we saw ,ardiee1 & a great numb] ( o!rs1 ! mo/ ( :om _h be5 tyrants l himself2 !re 7 also o!rs1 :o1 ?\gh 9 a private condition1 _h be5 great crim9als4 ',:5 ^? s\ls 7 ab\t go+ out1 ! op5+ 0 clos$2 & :5ev] "o ( ^? wret*$ s\ls1 ^: crimes 7 irremissible1 tri$ to get out ( ! abyss1 %e h[l$4 ,!reupon hide\s & firelike be+s came4 ,!y viol5tly wre/$ away sev]al ( ^? crim9als2 !n !y seiz$ ,ardiee & o!rs1 ti$ _! feet1 _! h&s & _! heads2 & aft] ?r[+ !m on ! gr\nd & tortur+ !m ) la%es1 !y dragg$ !m ?r\gh ble$+ ?orns1 tell+ ! %ad[s :i* !y met on _! r\te ! reason :y !y treat$ s ^? s\ls1 & add+ t !y 7 go+ to ?r[ !m into ! ,t>t>us4 ,^? s\ls add$1 t ( ! v>i\s fe>s !y _h on ! r\te none 0 s horrible z t ( he>+ t h[l2 & t x _h be5 an inexpressible pleasure = !m n to h he>d x :5 !y 7 releas$ f ! abyss4 ',behold :at took place 9 reg>d to ! judgm5ts1 tortures1 & rew>ds4 ,aft] ea* "o ( ^? s\ls _h sp5t sev5 days 9 ! mead[ !y left on ! eigh?1 & arriv$1 aft] a m>* ( f\r days1 at a designat$ spot1 :]efrom 0 se5 a light cross+ ! heav5 & ! e>?1 z /raight z a column1 & simil> to ! ra9b[1 b bright] & pur]4 ,!y rea*$ ?is light 9 "o day's m>*4 ,!re !y saw t ! extremities ( ! heav5 meet at ! middle ( ?is light1 :i* unit$ !m fa/1 & :i* embrac$ all ! circumf]5ce ( ! heav51 9 ne>ly ! same mann] z ! beams :i* girdle ! sides ( galleys1 & :i* be> _! frame4 ,at ! extremities ! sp9dle ( ,necessity hung1 & det]m9$ ! revolutions ( ! cele/ial sph]es4' ,"h ,h] describes ! sp9dle4 ,?is description we omit1 = x does n relate to our subject4 ,h] cont9ues3-- ',ne> ! sp9dle1 & at equal di/ances1 sat on ?rones ! ?ree ,p>ques1 daught]s ( ,necessity1 ,la*esis1 ,clo?o1 & ,atropos1 dress$ 9 :ite1 & _! heads cr[n$ ) a b&elet4 ,!y unit$ _! *ant to t ( ! ,sir5es2 ,la*esis sung ! pa/1 ,clo?o ! pres5t1 & ,atropos ! future4 ,clo?o1 n[ & !n1 t\*$ ! sp9dle ) h] "r h&1 & made x revolve ext]nally4 ,atropos1 ) h] left h&1 impress$ motion to ea* "o ( ! int]ior :irls1 & ,la*esis1 ) bo? h&s1 t\*$ n[ ! sp9dle1 & !n ! int]ior :irls4 ,:5 ! s\ls arriv$ !y appe>$ be=e ,la*esis4 ,fir/ a ,hi]ophant assign$ a rank to ea* "o2 !n tak+ f ! lap ( ,la*esis ! fates & ! v>i\s conditions ( human life1 he m\nt$ on a high /&1 & spake ?us3-- ',?is is :at ! virg9 ,la*esis1 daught] ( ,necessity1 says3 ,voyag+ s\ls y are to comm5ce ano!r c>e]1 & return into a mortal body4 ,! g5ius w n *oose = y3 ea* "o ( y %all *oose h]s4 ,! fir/ "o t fate w designate %all *oose fir/1 & h] *oice %all be irrevocable4 ,virtue has no ma/]2 %e cl+s to him :o honors h]1 & flies f him :o despises h]4 ,! error ( ! *oice %all fall on y4 ,god is innoc5t4 ',!reupon ! ,hi]ophant ca/+ ! fates1 ea* s\l pick$ up ! "o t fell be=e h]1 except myself :o _h be5 =bidd5 x4 ,ea* "o knew !n 9 :i* rank %e _h to *oose4 ,!n ! same ,hi]ophant plac$ be=e !m call+s ( all k9ds1 ^: numb] 0 great] ?an t ( ! s\ls :o 7 to *oose2 = all ! conditions ( m5 & bea/s 7 assembl$ !re94 ,!re 7 tyrannies1 ! ones 7 to la/ till dea?2 & ! o!rs 7 to be sudd5ly int]rupt$1 & 7 to end by exile1 pov]ty & indig5ce4 ,also !re 7 se5 conditions ( illu/ri\s m51 ! ones = beauty1 = /r5g?1 = fame 9 ! combats2 & ! o!rs by _! nobl5ess1 & ! great qualities ( _! ance/ors2 !re 7 se5 also obscure conditions4 ,!re 7 de/9ies ( wom5 ( ! same v>iety4 ,b !re 0 no regulation = ! rank ( ! s\ls1 because ea* "o 0 necess>ily to *ange ( nature accord+ to h] *oice4 ,besides1 weal?1 pov]ty1 & diseases1 7 f\nd 9 all conditions3 "h )\t any mixture1 !re 9 a j proportion ( advantages & disadvantages4' ,b ?is is evid5tly1 my de> ,glaucon1 ! r$\btable trial = mank9d4444 ,! ,hi]ophant add$3 he :o *ooses ! la/1 provid$ he be judici\s1 & !n be consi/5t 9 8 conduct1 may hope to be bless$ 9 life4 ,!re=e let him :o is to h ! fir/ *oice1 be n presumptu\s2 & let him :o has ! la/ *oice1 despair n4 ,:5 ! ,hi]ophant _h ?us spok51 he to :om ! fir/ fate _h be5 devolv$1 ha/ily advanc$1 & took1 )\t any delib]ation1 ! greate/ tyranny2 b :5 he _h consid]$ x1 & se5 t 8 de/9y 0 to eat 8 own *ildr51 & to commit o!r enorm\s crimes1 he lam5t$2 &1 =gett+ ! recomm5dation ( ! ,hi]ophant1 *>g$ ^u ! =tune & ! gods1 ) ! wret*$ness ( 8 fate4 ,?is s\l 0 "o ( ^? :o came f heav52 %e _h previ\sly liv$ 9 a well gov]n$ /ate1 & _h be5 virtu\s m f temp] & habit1 ?an f philosophy4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! s\ls :o _h soj\rn$ 9 ! subt]ranean region1 & :o _h bo? ! exp]i5ce ( _! own suff]+s1 & ! k ( ! mis=tunes ( o!rs1 7 cauti\s 9 _! *oice4 ,?is exp]i5ce on "o side1 & t inexp]i5ce on ! o!r1 toge!r ) ! fate :i* decid$ ! rank = ! *oice1 7 ! cause t ! mo/ ( ! s\ls ex*ang$ a good condition = a bad "o1 & a bad "o = a good "o4 ,he also said1 t x 0 a /range spectacle to see 9 :at mann] ea* s\l made h] *oice1 no?+ 0 m extraord9>y1 nor m pitiful2 ! mo/ ( !m 7 guid$ 9 _! *oice by ! habits !y _h contract$ 9 _! previ\s life4 ,he _h se5 ! s\l ( ,orpheus *oos+ ! condition ( a swan1 f hatr$ to wom5 :o _h kill$ him1 & f :om he did n wi% to receive bir?4 ,he saw ! s\l ( ,?amyris *oos+ ! condition ( night+ale2 likewise he saw a swan & sev]al o!r birds *oos+ ! human condition4 ,ano!r s\l _h *os5 ! condition ( a lion2 x 0 t ( ,ajax1 son ( ,telamon1 :o1 rememb]+ ! (f5se %e _h receiv$ 9 ! judgm5ts r5d]$ ab\t ! arms ( ,a*illes1 refus$ to take aga9 a human body4 ,!n came ! s\l ( ,agamemnon1 :o1 f antipa?y aga9/ mank9d on acc\nt ( h] pa/ suff]+s1 *ose ! condition ( an eagle4 ,! s\l ( ,atalante1 desir\s ( ! a?letic honors1 *ose to be a *ampion4 ,! s\l ( ,epee1 son ( ,panope1 pref]r$ ! condition ( a woman skillful 9 h&iworks4 ,! s\l ( ! buffoon ,!rsite came "o ( ! la/1 & ent]$ ! body ( a monkey4 ,!re 71 ,h] add$1 s\ls ( animals :i* ex*ang$ _! condition aga9/ ours1 & human s\ls :i* pass$ into bodies ( bea/s4 ,! s\ls indi/9ctly pass$ f ! bodies ( animals into human bodies1 & f human bodies into bodies ( animals2 ^? ( ! righte\s into species ( a high] ord]4 ,:5 all ! s\ls _h *os5 _! new condition ( exi/5ce1 accord+ to ! rank det]m9$ by fate1 !y came to ,la*esis 9 ! same ord]4 ,%e gave to ea* "o ! g5ius ( h] *oice1 & ?is g5ius 0 to be h] gu>dian dur+ h] mortal life1 & 0 to aid h] 9 ! accompli%m5t ( h] de/9y4 ,?is g5ius fir/ l$ h] to ,clo?o1 :o1 ) h] h&1 & ) a revolution ( ! sp9dle confirm$ ! *os5 de/9y4 ,:5 ! s\l _h t\*$ ! sp9dle1 ! g5ius took h] to ,atropos1 :o roll$ ! ?read 9 h] f+]s1 to r5d] irrevocable :at _h be5 already spun by ,clo?o4 ,aft] t1 ! s\l proce$$ to ! ?rone ( ,necessity1 "u :i* ! s\l & h] g5ius1 or demon1 pass$ toge!r4 ,:5 all _h pass$1 !y w5t to ! pla9 ( ! ,le! riv]1 :]e !y 7 oppress$ by an int5se heat2 = !re 0 9 ?is pla91 nei!r tree nor %rub4 ,! ev5+ came & !y sp5t ! night ne> ! riv] ,ameles1 ^: wat] c be conta9$ 9 no vessel4 ,e s\l 0 oblig$ to dr9k "s ( its wat]4 ,!y fell asleep2 b at ab\t midnight ! ?und] ro>$1 & all ! s\ls sudd5ly wak+ up 7 disp]s$1 l %oot+ />s1 t[>ds ! v>i\s places :]e !y 7 to comm5ce _! new life4 ,z to ,h]1 he _h be5 =bidd5 to dr9k ( ! wat] ( ! ,le! riv]2 nev]!less1 he knew n 9 :at mann] 8 s\l _h return$ into 8 body1 b hav+ op5$ 8 eyes 9 ! morn+1 he _h se5 t he 0 lay+ on a wood-pile4 ,?is tradition1 my de> ,glaucon1 has be5 h&$ d[n to u2 & if we believe x1 x is v apt to save u2 we w safely cross ! ,le! riv]1 & we w pres]ve our s\l free f /a94 ,! read] has und\bt$ly rem>k$ ! la/ s5t5ce ( ?is extract1 :i* proves ! antiquity ( ! doctr9e ( ! transmigration ( ! s\ls4 ,burnet wrote1 t x 0 s anci5t & s univ]sally spread 9 ,egypt1 ,p]sia1 ,india1 & o!r c\ntries ( ! ,ori5t1 t x seem$ x _h desc5d$ f heav51 & be5 believ$ by ! fir/ inhabitants ( ! e>?4 ,h]odote f\nd x e/abli%$ 9 ,egypt 9 ! remote/ ages4 ,x 0 ! basis ( ! !ology ( ! ,indians1 & ! subject ( ! celebrat$ ,metamorphosis & inc>nations ( _! leg5ds4 ,metempsy*osis has be5 immemorially believ$ 9 ,japan1 :]e ! p1 ev5 9 our days1 accord+ to ,koempsf]1 ab/a9 f meat1 & live exclusively ^u fruits & vegetables4 ,9 ,siam1 :]e ! ,talapo9s or monks hold x z a sacr$ dogma2 9 ,*9a by ! ,tao-,see2 also among ! ,kalb\ls & ! ,mongols1 & among ! ,?ibetans1 :o admit t ! s\ls pass ev5 into ! plants1 into ! trees1 & ev5 into ! roots4 ,h[ev]1 ! ,?ibetans believe t x is only by unit+ to human bodies1 t ! s\ls c1 aft] successive *anges1 be re/or$ to _! =m] purity4 ,! aim ( ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis 0 to accu/om man to deta* himself f ! gross matt]1 to :i* he is ti$ "h bel[1 & to excite 9 him ! desire ( promptly return+ !re1 :]efrom he _h =m]ly desc5d$4 ,! rul]s ( ! p fright5$ !m ) ! pictures ( humiliat+ trans=mations ( _! s\ls1 z ! ,ca?olic prie/s & ! ,p>tiali/ prea*]s d among u1 ) _! tea*+ ( an endless hell4 ,! p1 amaz$ & t]rifi$1 = ! masses 7 ignorant1 believ$ all ^? politico-religi\s fables4 ,!y firmly believ$ t ! s\ls ( ! wick$ pass$ into vile bodies2 t !y 7 puni%$ ) cruel & loa!some diseases2 t ^? :o did n re=m aft] a c]ta9 numb] ( transmigrations 7 deliv]$ up to ! ,furies & to ! evil spirits 7or devils7 to be tortur$2 & t1 aft] t1 !y 7 s5t aga9 to ! e>?1 z 9 a new s*ool1 & 7 oblig$ to run a new race4 ,?us we see t ! :ole sy/em ( ,metempsy*osis re/$ on ! false supposition1 t x 0 necess>y1 9 ord] to gov]n ! p "h bel[1 to fright5 !m ) absurd & vision>y tales ( atroci\s tortures beyond ! grave1 :i* 7 ! m t]rify+ = ! v reason ( _! absurdity & atroci\sness4 ,timee ( ,locre1 "o ( ! disciples ( ,socrates1 wrote1 t among ! v>i\s means ( gov]n+ ^? :o are n able to rea* ! tru? ( ! pr9ciples1 on :i* nature has e/abli%$ ju/ice & morals1 ,metempsy*osis is an efficaci\s "o4 ,he said3 ,let !m be taught ^? dogmas :i* in=m u t ! s\ls ( effem9ate & pusillanim\s m5 transmigrate into female bodies2 ^? ( murd]]s into bodies ( wild bea/s2 ^? ( lic5ti\s m5 into bodies ( wild bo>s & hogs2 ^? ( fickle & incon/ant m5 into bodies ( birds2 ^? ( idle1 ignorant & silly m5 into bodies ( fi%es4 ,! j ,nemesis regulates ^? pa9s 9 ! future life conjo9tly ) ! gods ( ! e>?1 av5g]s ( ! crimes !y h witness$4 ,! supreme ,god has entru/$ !m ) ! gov]nm5t ( ?is inf]ior _w4 ,let !m be fright5$1 ev51 by ! religi\s t]rors convey$ to ! s\l by ^? disc\rses :i* describe ! v5geance ( ! cele/ial gods1 & ! unavoidable torm5ts res]v$ to ! crim9als 9 ! ,t>t>us2 & also by ! o!r fictions :i* ,hom] has f\nd 9 ! anci5t sacr$ op9ions4 ,sometimes ! body is cur$ by poison\s sub/ances2 s ! s\ls c be rul$ by fables :5 !y _c be gov]n$ by tru?4 ,?is philosoph] pla9ly gives u 8 secret1 :i* has be51 & /ill is1 ! secret ( all legislators & prie/s4 ,true1 ! belief ( ^! fables has re/ra9$ _m f vice & crime2 nev]!less we firmly believe t m5 ought to be l$ to ju/ice by ! bright light ( ! tru?1 & n by ! dismal light ( error1 & ( sup]/ition3 ! "o elevates man1 b ! o!r keeps him 9 an et]nal infancy & ignorance4 ,h[ sad x is to see1 ev5 n[-a-days1 9 free & enlight5$ ,am]ica1 prie/s1 & ,prote/ant m9i/]s !mselves1 keep+ d[n 9 intellectual1 moral & religi\s bondage1 millions ( ,*ri/ians1 :o1 f fe> ( endless curse1 kiss ! v *a9s :i* heavily !y drag ?r\gh life2 :o believe t ,god w endlessly roa/ m5--8 *ildr5--9 an undy+ fire6 ,m surely1 & m easily1 c\ld ^? purely m9d$1 b un=tunate ,*ri/ians1 be guid$ to love ,god1 if !y knew t he is n worse ?an a tig]2 t1 on ! contr>y1 he is truly good & lov+2 m virtu\s !y w\ld be if !y 7 taught t virtue is ! s\rce1 & ! only true s\rce1 ( happ9ess4 ,tru] frat]nity w\ld reign 9 our communities1 if prie/s & pret5d$ ,prote/ants1 :o tyrannize ov] ! s\ls ( _! misl$ victims1 &1 l ! ,ph>isees ( old1 lay ^u _! %\ld]s a burd5 !y w\ld n be will+ to t\* ) _! own f+]s--yea1 !y lay ^u _! m9d & he>t ! lead5 weight ( ! dogma ( endless mis]y1 :i* !y1 at lea/ ! lead]s ( ! lead]s1 reject--tru] frat]nity w\ld exi/1 we say1 = !re w\ld n be 9 our communities1 a class ( ,*ri/ians1 believ+ t !y are ! elect ( ,god = righte\sness & et]nal bliss1 :ile all ! o!rs %all be endlessly damn$4 ,h5ce _! indiff]5ce1 or r av]sion = !m2 h5ce a _s ( ,ph>isaism3 h5ce a _s ( religi\s ari/ocracy1 :i* un=tunately ramifies into a social ari/ocracy6 ,,article ,,ii4 ,t>t>us4 ,:5 legislators1 prie/s & philosoph]s _h inv5t$ ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis1 ! my/agogues & ! poets took hold ( x1 & endeavor$ to spread x among ! p1 9 consecrat+ x1 ! ones 9 _! *ants1 & ! o!rs 9 ! celebration ( _! my/]ies4 ,!y clo!d x ) ! *>ms ( poetry1 & pres5t$ x ) magical illusions4 ,all unit$ to deceive ! p1 "u ! speci\s pretext ( bett]+ & gov]n+ !m ) a sur] h&4 ,! wide/ field 0 op5$ to fictions2 & ! g5ius ( ! poets1 z well z ! cunn+ ( ! prie/s1 7 inexhau/ible 9 portray+ ! bliss ( ! righte\s h]eaft]1 & ! horror ( ! horrible prisons :]e9 crime 0 to be puni%$4 ,ea* "o portray$ !m accord+ to 8 own fancy1 & add$ new sc5es & views to ! descriptions ( ^? unkn[n l&s2 ( t _w ( new creation1 :i* ! imag9ation ( poets peopl$ ) %ad[s1 *im]as & phantoms1 = ! purpose ( fright5+ ! p3 = rul]s wrongly ?\ght t _! m9ds c\ld n rise up to ! ab/ract notions ( metaphysics & morals4 ,! ,elysium & ! ,t>t>us 7 m pleas+ & m vividly /rik+ to ! imag9ation ( ! p3 !re=e d>kness & light 7 successively pres5t$ to ! gaze ( ^? initiat$ to ! my/]ies4 ,to ! d>ke/ night1 & to frightful spectres1 succe$$ a bright day1 ^: light %one ar\nd ! /atue ( ! ,deity3 "o c\ld n help feel+ a my/]i\s t]ror1 :5 ent]+ t sanctu>y1 :]e all 0 dispos$ to repres5t ! ,t>t>us & ! ,elysium4 ,x 0 9 ?is sanctu>y t ! "o initiat$1 be+ f9ally introduc$1 saw ! picture ( *>m+ mead[s1 light$ by a pure sky3 !re he he>d h>moni\s voices1 & ! maje/ic *ants ( sacr$ *oirs4 ,x 0 !n t1 entirely free1 & rid ( all evils1 he jo9$ ! multitude ( ^? initiat$2 & t1 a cr[n ( fl[]s on 8 head1 he celebrat$ ! holy orgies4 ,?us ! anci5ts repres5t$ "h bel[1 9 _! initiations1 :at 01 !y said1 to happ5 h]eaft] to ! s\ls1 :5 !y w\ld be dis5gag$ f _! bodies2 & w\ld be lib]at$ f ! obscure prison1 :]e9 fate _h *a9$ !m by unit+ !m to t]re/rial matt]4 ,9 ! my/]ies ( ,isis1 ( :i* we hold ! details f ,apuleo1 ! c&idate pass$ ?r\gh ! d>k region ( ! empire ( ! dead2 !nce into a va/ enclosure1 :i* repres5t$ ! elem5ts2 & !n he 0 admitt$ into ! bright region1 :]e ! brighte/ sun succe$$ to ! d>kness ( ! night1 namely1 9 ! ?ree worlds1 ! t]re/rial1 ! elem5t>y1 & ! cele/ial4 ,he :o _h be5 initiat$ said3 ,i h approa*$ ! b\nd>ies ( dea? 9 tread+ ! ?re% hold ( ,pros]p9e2 !refrom ,i h return$ ?r\gh ! elem5ts4 ,!n ,i saw a bright light1 & ,i f\nd myself 9 ! pres5ce ( ! gods4 ,?is 0 ! autopsy4 ,:at my/agogy exhibit$ 9 ! sanctu>ies1 poets1 & ev5 philosoph]s1 9 _! fictions1 publicly taught to ! p3 h5ce ! descriptions ( ! ,elysium & ( ! ,t>t>us f\nd 9 ,hom]1 ,virgil & ,plato1 & all ^? giv5 u by _m sy/ems ( !ology4 ,we nev] _h a description ( ! e>? & ( its inhabitants1 a description z complete z t transmitt$ to u1 by ! anci5ts1 ab\t ^? c\ntries ( new creation1 kn[n "u ! names ( ,hell1 ,t>t>us1 & ,elysium4 ,^? m51 ^: geographical k 0 s limit$1 h giv5 u ! m9ute/ details ( ! abode ( ! s\ls beyond ! grave2 ( ! gov]nm5t ( ea* "o ( ! two empires1 :i* =m ! doma9 ( ! %ad[s2 ( _! habits2 ( _! diet2 ( _! pa9s & pleasures2 & ev5 ( ! co/ume ( ! inhabitants ( ^! two regions4 ,! same poetical imag9ation :i* _h inv5t$ t new _w1 arbitr>ily trac$ out its plan & di/ribution4 ,socrates1 9 ! ,phd ( ,plato1 a "w int5d$ to prove ! immortality ( our s\l1 & ! necessity ( practic+ virtue1 speaks ( ! place :]e ! s\ls g aft] dea?4 ,he imag9es a sort ( e!real l&1 sup]ior to ! "o we inhabit1 & situat$ 9 a sunni] region4 ,!re is no?+ on our e>? t c comp>e to ! beauties ( ?is wond]ful abode4 ,!re colors are bright]1 ! vegetation ri*]2 ! trees1 fl[]s & fruits are inf9itely sup]ior to ^? ( our e>?4 ,!re preci\s /ones are s bright t ^? ( our e>? are b _! %ad[4 ,?is e!real l& is /rew$ ) pe>ls ( ! pure/ cry/al2 ev]y:]e gold & silv] are dazzl+4 ,!re bea/s are m beautiful1 & m p]fectly organiz$ ?an ours4 ,!re ! air is ! sea1 & e!r is ! air4 ,!re seasons are s h>moni\sly comb9$1 t ! =tunate inhabitants are n subject to infirmities & to diseases4 ,!re ! temples are inhabit$ by ! gods !mselves1 :o famili>ly conv]se ) m54 ,! inmates ( ?is delightful mansion are ! only ones :o see ! sun1 ! moon1 & ! />s1 z !y truly are4 ,to ?is ,socrates adds1 t m51 :o1 "h bel[1 di/+ui% !mselves = _! piety & exactitude 9 dis*>g+ _! social duties1 w be admitt$ 9 ?is abode ( happ9ess :5 dea? de/roys _! mortal =m4 ,!re all ^? :om philosophy has l$ to wisdom w dwell4 ,socrates concludes ?us3 ,!n x is = u a /rong inducem5t to /udy wisdom1 & to practice virtue1 :ile we are on e>?4 ,^! expectations are high en\gh = u to risk ! *ances ( ?is op9ion1 & n to break its *>ms4 ,?is is a pla9 av[al ( ! motive ( ! fiction3 su* is ! secret ( ne>ly all legislators1 & ! deceitfulness ( ! mo/ r5[n$ philosoph]s4 ,! second "p ( ! l& ( ! dead1 call$ ,t>t>us1 ! lead]s ( ! p also m9utely describ$4 ,accord+ to _! description1 ?is abode ( ! wick$ pres5ts ! horrid view ( precipices1 cav]ns1 & abysses1 m frightful ?an ^? we see on e>?4 ,^? cav]ns communicate to ea* o!r 9 ! pr(undities ( ! e>?1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( s9uosities va/ & d>k1 & ( subt]rane\s canals1 9 :i* wat]s fl[2 ! ones cold1 & ! o!rs w>m3 also 9 sev]al ( ^? canals fl[ torr5ts ( fire1 & 9 o!rs ! fil?ie/ mire4 ,! va/e/ ( ^? cav]ns is 9 ! c5t]2 & into x f\r ma9 riv]s ebb1 to spr+ out aga94 ,! fir/ is ! ,a*]on1 :i* =ms b5ea? ! e>? a %oreless m>%1 :]e9 ! s\ls assemble4 ,! second is ! ,pyriphlegeton1 :i* rolls torr5ts ( burn+ sulphur4 ,! ?ird is ! ,cocyte2 & ! f\r? is ! ,/yx4 ,9 ?is horrible abode div9e ju/ice tortures ! crim9als4 ,at ! gate ( ! ,t>t>us ! frightful ,tisiphon1 ^: g[n is reek+ ) blood1 wat*es day & night4 ,! gate is also def5d$ by a /rong t[]1 back$ by ?ree walls1 :i* are surr\nd$ by ! burn+ waves ( ! ,phlegeton riv]1 t rolls huge /ones on fire4 ,!re are incessantly he>d ! rattle ( *a9s dragg$ by wret*$ victims2 _! groans2 & ! /rokes ( la%es t te> _! fle%4 ,!re is se5 an hydra ) a hundr$ heads1 ^: m\?s are ev] gap+ = new victims to be dev\r$4 ,!re a vulture is con/antly fe$+ on ! ev] re-gr[+ entrails ( a crim9al4 ,o!r victims c>ry a heavy rock to ! summit ( a m\nta91 :]e !y mu/ set x2 b1 va9 are _! ef=ts1 x rolls d[n to ! bottom ( ! valley4 ,o!r crim9als1 ti$ to a :eel1 rel5tlessly revolv+1 are n p]mitt$ ! slighte/ re/ 9 _! torture4 ,o!rs1 plac$ ne> refre%+ wat]s1 & ne> trees load$ ) fruit1 are ev] dev\r$ ) unqu5*able ?ir/ & hung]4 ,if !y /oop to dr9k ! wat] flies f _! m\?1 & a /9k+ mire /icks to _! lips4 ,if !y l[] a limb to cull a fruit1 ! limb slips f _! h&4 ,f>!r1 fifty female victims are =c$ to fill up ) wat] a cask1 ^: bottom is riddl$4 ,inde$1 !re is no sort ( torm5t t 0 n inv5t$ by legislators1 my/agogues1 poets1 & philosoph]s1 to fright5 ! p1 "u ! false assumption ( mak+ !m bett]2 b ! tru? is t x 0 r to keep !m d[n 9 subjection4 ,^? t]rify+ pictures 7 pa9t$ on ! walls ( ! temple ( ,delphos4 ,^? fables 7 repeat$ to infants by nurses & mo!rs4 ,?us _! s\ls grew weak & pusillanim\s1 = /rong & durable are ! fir/ impressions1 & m especially1 :5 ! g5]al op9ion1 ! example ( ! cr$ulity ( o!rs1 ! au?ority ( philosoph]s1 ( poets1 ( le>n$ ,hi]ophants1 & ! sight ( pomp\s rites1 & c]emonies 9 ! ov]p[]+ sacr$ness ( sanctu>ies2 :5 ! monum5ts ( arts1 music1 /atues1 & pictures1 9 %ort1 :5 all t5ds to ins9uate 9 ! s\l1 ?r\gh ! s5ses /rick5 ) hope & t]ror1 a great error pres5t$ z a sacr$ tru? reveal$ by ! gods !mselves = man's bliss4 ,su* 0 ! g5]al tea*+ & belief ( ! ,pagans 9 reg>d to future puni%m5t1 be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ! prea*+ ( 8 ,gospel4 ,z to ! ,jewi% nation1 n ! slighte/ ve/iges ( any k9d ( belief reg>d+ future puni%m5t1 c be trac$ out1 nei!r 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 nor 9 ,josephus1 nor 9 ! writ+s ( o!r hi/orians1 at lea/ be=e ! captivity ( ,babylon1 :i* took place 9 ! ye> #eih be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,aft]w>ds ! ,jews divid$ into f\r sects1 ! ,ess5es1 ! ,sadducees1 ! ,sam>itans1 :o d5i$ ! exi/5ce ( any future puni%m5t1 & ! ,ph>isees1 :o1 accord+ to ! te/imony ( ,josephus1 adopt$ ! belief ( ,metempsy*osis1 or transmigration ( ! s\ls4 ,,article ,,iii4 ,did ! ,*ri/ians ( ! ,fir/ ,c5turies believe 9 ,endless ,hell8 ,we emphatically answ]1 no4 ,if ! ,*ri/ian ,fa!rs ( ! fir/ c5turies1 h nei!r taught ! dogma ( endless hell1 nor m5tion$1 9 _! writ+s1 t _! fell[-,*ri/ians knew or believ$ x1 & if ! same is prov$ by ! te/imony ( ! !n exi/+ ,*ri/ian sects or d5om9ations1 x is evid5t t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians did n believe 9 endless hell4 ,b ! ,*ri/ian ,fa!rs ( ! fir/ c5turies h nei!r taught ! dogma ( endless hell1 nor m5tion$1 9 _! writ+s1 t _! fell[-,*ri/ians knew or believ$ x2 & ! same is prov$ by ! te/imony ( ! !n exi/+ ,*ri/ian sects4 ,^! two memb]s ( ! proposition we are to successively prove3 #a/ memb]3 ,9 ! fir/ c5tury ! f\r ,gospels1 & o!r books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 7 writt5 by ! apo/les1 b hi/ory does n in=m u ( any o!r ,*ri/ian writ+1 or au?or1 9 t age1 except p]haps ,clem5t1 bi%op ( ,rome1 :o1 x is said1 has left a lett] to ! ,cor9?ians3 critics call x ,apocryphal4 ,we h n read x4 ,!re=e 9 ord] to "k :e!r ! fir/ ,*ri/ians believ$ 9 endless hell or n1 we mu/ recur to ! works ( ! ,*ri/ian ,fa!rs :o liv$ & wrote 9 ! foll[+ c5turies1 & p>ticul>ly to ^? :o liv$ & wrote dur+ ! second4 ,/4 ,ignatius1 bi%op ( ,antio*1 :o suff]$ m>tyrdom at ,rome1 9 ! ye> #ajg1 0 ! fir/ apo/olic ,fa!r ( ! second c5tury4 ,!re are 9 ! collection ( ! works ( ! holy ,fa!rs1 six lett]s ascrib$ to him by "s au?ors2 "s o!rs1 ,saumaise1 ,blondel1 ,daill1 etc41 say t !y are apocryphal4 ,mo%eim1 9 8 ,hi/or4 ,*ri/41 says1 t x is d\btful :e!r !y are ( ,ignatius or n4 ,we h read ^? six lett]s1 ( :i* five are address$ to diff]5t ,*ur*es1 & "o to ,polyc>pus4 ,al?\gh !y treat ( ! mo/ important po9ts ( ! ,*ri/ian fai? & duties1 !y are sil5t ^u ! "q ( endless hell4 ,9 ! ye> #aca1 ,/4 ,quadratus pres5t$ to ! emp]or ,adrian an apology ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 :i* conta9$ ! pr9cipal ,*ri/ian doctr9es4 ,adrian 0 s pleas$ ) ?is apology1 t1 if we mu/ believe :at ,lampride says 9 8 ,life ( ,alex&] ,sev]us1 he design$ to re> a temple to ,jesus ,*ri/1 & to place him among ! gods ( ! empire4 ,a fragm5t ( ?is apology c be f\nd 9 ! works ( ,eusebe2 b n a ^w is said ab\t ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,/4 ,ju/91 a ,platonician philosoph]1 0 born at ,napl\se1 ,pale/9e1 9 #ajc4 ,he 0 conv]t$ to ,*ri/ianity 9 #acc4 ,he wrote ! foll[+ works3 ,exhortation to ,g5tiles2 two ,apologies ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 ! "o to ! emp]or ,anton9e1 & ! o!r to ! emp]or ,m>cus-,aurelius2 a ,dialogue ) ! ,jew ,triphon2 a treatise on ,mon>*y1 or ,unity ( ,god2 & an ,epi/le to ,diognet1 9 :i* he /ates ! reasons :y ,*ri/ians left ! wor%ip ( ! gods1 & did n adopt t ( ! ,jews4 ,he compos$ o!r works1 b !y exi/ no m4 ,! ma9 editions ( 8 works are ^? ( ,rob]t ,eti5ne 9 #aeea & #agga1 9 ,greek & ,lat92 t ( ,commel9 9 #aeic1 9 ,greek & ,lat92 t ( ,morel 9 #afef1 & t ( ,don ,m>& 9 #agdb1 9 folio4 ,all ^! editions1 & aft]w>ds t ( ,migne1 we h comp>$ 9 ! volum9\s libr>y ( ! !ological sem9>y ( ,br\1 ,france1 :]e we h be5 orda9$ a prie/4 ,al?\gh !re 7 alt]ations ( ! text1 we did n f9d any passage ref]r+ to ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,true1 address+ ! ,romans1 he says3 ,come1 ,o ,romans1 to f9d in/ruction6 ,=m]ly ,i 0 l y1 n[ be :at ,i am4 ,! p[] ( ! ,*ri/ian religion has enlight5$ me1 & fre$ me f s]vitude to my s5ses & passions3 x has af=d$ me peace & s]5ity4 ,! s\l ?us free is sure to reunite to h] ,creator1 because x is "r t %e return to him f :om %e emanat$4 ,b ?is passage nei!r explicitly nor implicitly supposes t he believ$1 or t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians believ$1 9 endless hell2 x is simply a ,platonician & ,*ri/ian doctr9e1 9 reg>d to ! purity ( our s\l :i* is wor?y ( ,god only :5 un/a9$4 ,h[ev] ,bailly1 a ,ca?olic !ologian1 says t on page #gd ( ! fir/ ,apology !re is a passage prov+ 8 belief 9 endless hell4 ,we did n f9d x4 ,meliton1 bi%op ( ,s>des1 ,lybia1 "u ! reign ( ,m>cus-,aurelius1 pres5t$ to ?is emp]or an ,apology ( ! ,*ri/ian religion1 9 #aga4 ,eusebe & sev]al o!r au?ors praise x4 ,only a few fragm5ts ( x are f\nd 9 ! ,biblio!ca ,patrum2 9 none ( !m is a "q ( ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,a!nagoras1 a ,platonician philosoph]1 0 conv]t$ to ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & pres5t$1 9 #agg1 an ,apology ( ! ,*ri/ian doctr9es to ! emp]ors ,m>cus-,aurelius & ,lucius-,aurelius-,commode4 ,he ju/ifi$ ! ,*ri/ians1 :o 7 *>g$ by ! ,pagans ) a!ism3 ) sacrific+ & eat+ a *ild 9 _! assemblies2 & ) indulg+ to impudicity4 ,9 ?is ,apology he ascrib$ to ,god b a g5]al provid5ce2 & he express$ ! ,platonician op9ion1 t angels1 or spirits1 _h ! gov]nm5t ( ?is _w4 ,he admitt$ t !re 7 pa9s & rew>ds 9 ! future life4 ,let u n inf] f ?is t he ref]r$ to ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,no2 he m]ely meant1 by ^? pa9s & rew>ds1 ! ,platonician doctr9e ab\t ,metempsy*osis4 ,ir5eus 0 born 9 ,greece1 9 #adj4 ,he became bi%op ( ,lyons1 ,gaul4 ,he wrote sev]al !ological works 9 ! ,greek language4 ,he believ$ 9 a g5]al judgm5t1 & 9 ! mill5ium1 namely1 9 a temporal k+dom ( ,jesus ,*ri/ on e>?1 :i* 0 to la/ "o ?\s& ye>s imm$iately be=e ! g5]al judgm5t4 ,dur+ ?is reign ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,*ri/ians 7 to enjoy a happ9ess :i* 0 to be a =eta/e ( ! happ9ess !y %\ld enjoy aft] ! g5]al judgm5t4 ,n only ?is ,fa!r did n tea* ! dogma ( endless hell1 b accord+ to ! ultramontane ,b]gi]1 he has be5 *>g$ by ! pret5d$ ,or?odox div9es ) hav+ express$ himself 9 an het]odox mann] ^u ! div9ity ( ! ,^w2 ^u ! spirituality ( ! angels & ( ! human s\l2 ^u free ag5cy & ! necessity ( grace2 & ^u ! /ate ( ! s\ls aft] dea?4 ,he seem$ to be incl9$ to believe ,metempsy*osis--?is1 h[ev]1 is our private op9ion1 re/+ on 8 g5]al views on ! /ate ( ! s\ls aft] dea?4 ,! ,ca?olics invoke b "o passage ( 8 writ+s aga9/ ?is op9ion4 ,grabe1 a ,prote/ant1 publi%$ at ,ox=d1 9 #agjb1 an edition ( 8 works2 x is q diff]5t f ! ,ca?olic editions4 ,!ophile 0 promot$ to ! episcopal see ( ,antio*1 9 #afh4 ,we h f 8 p5 b ?ree ,books to ,autolic2 !y h be5 edit$ by ,don ,prud5t ,m>&4 ,he is ! fir/ ,fa!r :o us$ ! ^w ,tr9ity4 ,8 works are a refutation ( ,paganism1 & an apology ( ,*ri/ianism4 ,we c\ld n f9d 9 !m ! dogma ( endless hell2 he only vaguely speaks ( rew>ds & pa9s h]eaft]4 ,we h se5 t ! above ,fa!rs1 :o compose ! complete li/ ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! second c5tury1 nei!r taught ! dogma ( endless hell1 nor h record$ t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians held su* a dogma4 ,!re=e we may draw ! conclusion t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians did n believe ! doctr9e ( endless hell4 ,we pass to ! ,fa!rs ( ! ?ird c5tury4 ,titus ,flavius ,clem5t1 ( ,alex&ria1 a ,platonician philosoph]1 became a ,*ri/ian1 & succe$$ to ,pant5us1 a pr(essor ( ! s*ool ( ,alex&ria1 9 #aij2 & he di$ 9 #bag4 ,alex&] ( ,j]usalem & ! celebrat$ ,orig5 7 8 disciples4 ,he wrote _m works1 ! pr9cipal !re( are3 ,exhortations to ,pagans2 8 ,p$agogue2 8 ,hypotyposes2 & 8 ,/romatas1 :i* are divid$ into eight books4 ,x is said t ! be/ edition ( 8 works is t ( ,pott]1 publi%$ at ,ox=d1 9 #agae1 9 two vols4 folio4 ,i read only ! ,p>is edition1 publi%$ 9 #afif4 ,9 8 ,exhortations to ,pagans1 he po9t$ out ! absurdity ( idolatry1 & ( ! fables ( ,paganism4 ,9 8 ,/romatas he comp>$ ! doctr9es ( ! philosoph]s ) ^? ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,9 ! treatise head$1 ,:i* ri* man w be sav$8 he %[s t he :o w use 8 ri*es prop]ly w obta9 salvation3 he does n say salvation f endless hell4 ,8 ,p$agogue is a treatise ( morals 9 :i* he relates h[ ! fir/ ,*ri/ians righte\sly liv$ & f]v5tly s]v$ ! ,"l4 ,9 all ^! works x is n a "q ( ! dogma ( endless hell1 ei!r taught to ! ,*ri/ians or believ$ by !m4 ,accord+ to ,le ,cl]c1 ,beausobre1 d',arg5s1 ,b>beyrac1 ,scultet1 ,daill1 ,mo%eim1 ,bruck]1 ,seml]1 etc41 ?is ,fa!r did n believe ! spirituality ( ,god & ( man's s\l4444 ,x is a fact t1 9 8 ,/romatas1 he says t ,god is compos$ ( a body & ( a s\l1 & t s is our s\l4 ,he believ$ 9 ! ,pagan fable t ! angels _h sexual int]c\rse ) human females1 & _h begott5 giants2 he ref]s probably to ! ,giants :o _h f\ght aga9/ ! ,titans4 ,all ! ,ca?olic !ologians !mselves admit ! above1 & say1 t1 ?\gh a ,*ri/ian1 he 0 too mu* ( a ,platonician philosoph]4 ,?is is ! reason :y ! ,pope1 ,b5$ict ,,xiv41 oppos$ 8 wor%ip1 z a sa9t1 9 ! ,romi% ,*ur*4 ,^! /atem5ts %[ h[ f> ?is ,fa!r 0 f hold+ ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,t]tullian 0 "o ( ! ,fa!rs :o wrote at ! end ( ! second c5tury2 h[ev]1 z he di$ 9 #baf1 we class him among ! ,fa!rs ( ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury4 ,8 works are on ,pray]1 on ,baptism2 also he wrote ,exhortation to ,pati5ce2 two ,books to 8 ,wife2 ,te/imony ( ! ,s\l2 treatises on ,spectacles & ,idolatry2 treatise on ,prescription2 two books aga9/ ! ,g5tiles2 "o aga9/ ! ,jews2 "o aga9/ ,h]mog5es2 "o aga9/ ! ,val5t9ians2 "o aga9/ ! ,gno/ics2 "o on ! ,cr[n2 "o to ,scapula2 books aga9/ ,praxeas2 books on ,pudicity1 on ,p]secutions1 on ,fa/1 aga9/ ! ,physics1 on ,monogamy4 ,^! works we _h n ! advantage to read2 b we h /udi$ ! foll[+ 9 our !ological s*ool3 8 treatise on ,p5ance2 8 five books aga9/ ,m>cion2 8 treatise on ! ,fle% ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 8 book on ! ,resurrection ( ! ,fle%2 & 8 ,apology ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion4 ,9 ^! works :i*1 let ?is be cursorily said1 7 writt5 9 ,lat91 = ,t]tullian 0 ! fir/ ,fa!r :o wrote 9 ?is language1 we read sev]al times ! ^w inf]nus1 synonim\s to ,t>t>us1 & ! words ignem et]num1 us$ 9 speak+ ( pa9s1 :i* w be inflict$ ^u ! wick$ aft] ! g5]al judgm5t2 b no?+ positive 9 reg>d to ! duration ( ! puni%m5t1 = he might h us$ ! adjective t]num hyp]bolically2 nor any?+ 9 reg>d to ! belief ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians 9 reg>d to x1 nor ev5 ( 8 contemporane\s ,*ri/ians4 ,if ! dogma ( endless hell _h be5 g5]ally believ$ by ! ,*ri/ians1 he w\ld h c]ta9ly m5tion$ x 9 8 ,apology ( ! ,*ri/ian ,religion2 = "o ( ! ma9 *>ges ( ! ,pagans aga9/ !m 0 t !y 7 ,a!i/s2 & !reby d5i$ ! ,elysium & ! ,t>t>us4 ,h[ev]1 9 no "o ( ! fifty argum5ts :i* compose ! ,apology does he say a ^w ab\t endless hell1 ev5 ab\t any puni%m5t beyond ! grave4 ,he only1 9 ! =ty-eigh? argum5t1 says1 t !re w be a resurrection ( ! fle%4 ,sextus ,julius ,africanus1 a ,*ri/ian hi/orian1 :o wrote 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury1 is altoge!r sil5t ab\t ! dogma ( endless hell1 at lea/ 9 ! fragm5ts ( 8 works :i* h be5 pres]v$ by ,eusebe4 ,orig5 0 born at ,alex&ria1 9 #ahe4 ,he has be5 "o ( ! mo/ tal5t$ & le>n$ among ! ,fa!rs4 ,he wrote ! foll[+ works3 ,exhortation to ,m>tyrdom2 ,comm5t>ies on ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,he und]took an edition ( ! ,bible 9 six columns1 & head$ x ,hexaples4 ,! fir/ column conta9$ ! ,hebrew text 9 hebraic lett]s2 ! second1 ! same text 9 ,greek lett]s2 ! ?ird conta9$ ! v]sion ( ,aquila2 ! f\r? column1 ! v]sion ( ,symmaque2 ! fif?1 t ( ! ,septuag9t2 & ! six?1 t ( ,!odotion4 ,he consid]$ ! v]sion ( ! ,septuag9t z ! mo/ au!ntical4 ,! ,octaples conta9$1 also1 two ,greek v]sions1 :i* _h be5 rec5tly f\nd1 & ^: au?ors 7 unkn[n4 ,he wrote m ?an "o ?\s& s]mons2 he wrote 8 celebrat$ "w ab\t ,pr9ciples1 & a treatise aga9/ ,celse4 ,all ! above works h n be5 transmitt$ to u entire1 ?\gh ! mo/ ( !m are1 z c be se5 9 ! ,biblio!ca ,sanctorum ,patrum1 publi%$ 9 ,p>is1 9 #ahbf4 ,?is ,ca?olic edition1 we positively "k1 is n z imp>tial z x ought to be4 ,s mu* has be5 writt51 = c5turies1 aga9/ ,orig5 & = 8 ju/ification1 t a m]e summ>y ( ^? writ+s w\ld fill volumes4 ,besides1 w\ld we make ?is summ>y we might p]haps be suspect$ ( p>tiality1 because ,orig5's doctr9es are favorable to ! be>+ ( ?is "w2 !re=e we %all extract f ! works ( ,fell]1 a ,romi% prie/ & a ,jesuit1 :at we h to write ab\t 8 accusation & ju/ification1 & ab\t ! summ>y ( 8 doctr9es4 ,fell] says1 ,article ,orig53 ,9 ! f\r? c5tury1 ! ,arians invok$ 8 au?ority to prove t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god4 ,/4 ,a?anase1 ,/4 ,basile1 & ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nazianze1 def5d$ him4 ,hilaire1 ,tite de ,bo/res1 ,didyme1 ,ambrosius1 ,eusebe ( ,v]ceil1 & ,gregory ( ,nysse h laudably spok5 ( 8 works2 :]eas1 ,!odor ( ,mopsue/e1 ,apoll9>y1 & ,ces>y1 h disp>ag+ly writt5 ( !m4 ,orig5 0 condemn$ 9 ! fif? g5]al c\ncil1 held at ,con/ant9ople1 9 #eec4 ,! pope ,vigil condemn$ him anew4 ,/4 ,epiphane1 ,ana/ase ! ,s9ate1 ,/4 ,john ,climaque1 ,leonce ( ,byzantium1 ,sophronius1 patri>* ( ,j]usalem1 & ,antipat]1 bi%op ( ,bo/res1 viol5tly d5\nc$ 8 writ+s2 ! pope ,pelage ,,ii4 said t h]etical works 7 n worse ?an ,orig5's writ+s4 ,!re are1 9 ! acts ( ! six? c\ncil1 an edict ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ,pogonat1 & a lett] ( ! pope ,leon ,,ii41 9 :i* he is c\nt$ ) ,didyme & ,evagrius among ! ,!omaques1 or enemies ( ,god4 ,! pope ,/4 ,m>t9 ,i41 ana!matiz$ him 9 ! fir/ c\ncil ( ,latran1 9 #fdi4 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,/4 ,john ( ,damas1 & ,/4 ,j]ome1 wrote aga9/ ! ,orig5i/s1 namely1 ! sect ( ,*ri/ians :o believ$ ! doctr9es ( ,orig54 ,9 ! same c5tury1 :5 a dispute arose ab\t ! or?odoxy ( ,orig51 ,john ( ,j]usalem1 & ,ruf9 made 8 apology1 & ,/4 ,john ,*ryso/omus did ! same4 ,/4 ,pamphyle also took 8 "p4 ,!otime ( ,tomi refus$ to condemn him1 & ,didyme tri$ to give an or?odox mean+ to 8 doctr9e on ,tr9ity2 o!rs 9 condemn+ ! errors conta9$ 9 8 books pret5d$ t !y _h be5 add$ by ! h]etics4 ,!ophile ( ,alex&ria accus$ ! monks ( ,nitria ( ,orig5ism1 & condemn$ !m 9 a c\ncil held at ,alex&ria2 ! pope ,ana/asius ratifi$ ! s5t5ce4 ,9 ! sev5? c5tury1 ! emp]or ,ju/9ian decl>$ himself ho/ile to ! memory ( ,orig52 wrote a lett] to ,memnas aga9/ 8 doctr9e2 issu$ an edict aga9/ him1 9 #fdj2 & obta9$ 8 condemnation 9 a c\ncil held ! same ye> at ,con/ant9ople1 ^: acts 7 add$ to ^? ( ! fif? g5]al c\ncil4 ,we read 9 ! acts ( ! fif? g5]al c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople1 held 9 #eec1 t ,orig5 0 condemn$ by ! c\ncil = hav+ taught ! foll[+ doctr9es3 #a/1 ,t 9 ! dogma ( ,tr9ity ! ,fa!r is great] ?an ! ,son1 & ! ,son great] ?an ! ,holy ,_s4 #b;d1 ,t human s\ls h be5 creat$ be=e ! bodies1 to :i* !y h be5 *a9$ z a puni%m5t = s9s1 :i* !y _h committ$ 9 an ant]ior /ate ( exi/5ce4 #c;d1 ,t ! s\l ( ,jesus ,*ri/ _h be5 unit$ to ! ,^w be=e 8 inc>nation4 #d?1 ,t ! planets & />s are animat$1 & conta9 a s\l intellig5t & end[$ ) reason4 #e?1 ,t1 aft] ! resurrection1 all bodies w h a sph]oidal %ape4 #f?1 ,t ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ 9 a future life w n be endless2 & t ,jesus ,*ri/1 :o has be5 crucifi$ to save ! _w1 w be crucifi$ once m to save ! devils4 ,accord+ to ?is te/imony ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*--:i* c>ries fanaticism f>!r ?an any o!r sect1 9 reg>d to ! dogma ( endless hell1 = x holds z an article ( fai? ev5 t ! reprobates are tortur$ 9 hell1 9 _! bodies & 9 _! s\ls1 ?\gh _! bodies are 9 ! grave1 & ?\gh a mat]ial fire _c burn an immortal s\l--accord+ to ! above te/imony ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 we say1 x is an e/abli%$1 an und5iable fact1 t ,orig5 taught ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis1 or transmigration ( ! s\ls2 & also ! doctr9e t ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ 9 a future life w\ld n be endless4 ,f ?is te/imony we draw ! foll[+ argum5t1 :i* we invite ! read] to att5tively exam9e1 & to c>efully weigh1 = ?is argum5t1 alone1 w\ld unansw]ably prove t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/1 ( ! second1 ( ! ?ird1 & ev5 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies1 did n g5]ally believe ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,argum5t3 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury1 ,orig5 7he 0 born 9 #ahe7 taught ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis1 or transmigration ( ! s\ls1 & ! doctr9e t ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ 9 a future life w\ld n be endless2 ^! two doctr9es 7 condemn$ only 9 ! six? c5tury by ! fif? g5]al c\ncil held at ,con/ant9ople1 9 #eec1 & compos$ ( #aea bi%ops4 ,b if ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/1 ( ! second1 ( ! ?ird1 & ev5 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies1 _h g5]ally believ$ ! dogma ( endless hell1 ! above two doctr9es w\ld h c]ta9ly be5 condemn$ be=e ! six? c5tury4 ,?is m9or proposition we prove3 ,by ! ord]s ( ! bi%op ( ,rome1 ,sylve/]1 & ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ,i41 an oecum5ical c\ncil1 compos$ ( #cha bi%ops1 0 held at ,nice1 9 #cbe1 to frame a symbol ( fai?1 & to condemn ,arius4 ,9 #cha1 a second g5]al c\ncil1 compos$ ( #aej bi%ops1 0 held at ,con/ant9ople1 to condemn ,mac$onius1 :o d5i$ ! div9ity ( ! ,holy ,_s2 & to alt] ! symbol ( ,nice1 7/rik+ inconsi/5cy ( ! ,romi% ,*ur* :i* holds z an article ( fai? t a g5]al c\ncil is infallible 9 its decisions47 ,9 #dca1 ! bi%op ( ,rome1 ,cele/9e ,i41 assembl$ a g5]al c\ncil at ,ephesus1 to obta9 ! condemnation ( ,ne/orius1 :o d5i$ t ,m>y 01 /rictly speak+1 ! "m ( ,god4 ,9 #dea1 a g5]al c\ncil 0 held at ,*alc$ony1 ,asia ,m9or1 = ! condemnation ( ,euty*es1 & ( ,dioscorus1 bi%op ( ,alex&ria1 :o held ! doctr9e t !re 0 9 ,jesus ,*ri/ b "o nature4 ,f ! beg9n+ ( ! second c5tury1 ! "t :5 ,orig5 taught ! above two doctr9es1 up to ! ye> #eec1 sev]al ?\s& synods & pr9cipal c\ncils 7 held4 ,!reupon we say3 ,! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis1 or transmigration ( ! s\ls2 & ! doctr9e t ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ 9 a future life w n be endless1 7 z important z ! mo/ ( ! doctr9es discuss$ 9 ^? c\ncils2 & ,orig5 _h a weighti] influ5ce ^u ! ,*ri/ian communities by 8 tal5ts1 le>n+1 virtue1 & fame1 & by ! diffusion ( 8 works1 ?an ,arius1 ,mac$onius1 ,ne/orius1 ,euti*es1 ,dioscorus & o!rs put toge!r4 ,!re=e1 if ! dogma ( endless hell _h be5 g5]ally believ$ by ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/1 ( ! second1 ( ! ?ird1 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies1 ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis1 & ! doctr9e t ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ 9 a future life w n be endless1 held & taught by ,orig51 w\ld h be5 call$ up1 discuss$1 & condemn$ 9 ! above c\ncils4 ,b !y 7 call$ up1 discuss$1 & condemn$1 only 9 ! fif? g5]al c\ncil1 held at ,con/ant9ople1 9 #eec4 ,!re=e1 x is an irrefutable fact t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/1 ( ! second1 ( ! ?ird1 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies1 did n g5]ally believe ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,gregory ( ,neoces>ee1 0 a disciple ( ,orig51 & 0 promot$ to ! episcopal see ( ,neoces>ee1 9 #bdj4 ,he wrote ! foll[+ works3 ,?anks to ,orig51 ,pr(ession ( ,fai? on ! ,dogma ( ,tr9ity1 ,canonical ,epi/le1 & ,p>aphrase ( ! ,book ( ,ecclesia/es4 ,9 ^! works ! _s ( ! doctr9es ( ,orig5 is se5 at e page2 & ! dogma ( endless hell is nei!r taught1 nor decl>$ to h be5 ! belief ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 nor ( ! ,*ri/ians ( ! ?ird c5tury4 ,/4 ,cyprian1 made bi%op ( ,c>?age 9 #bdh1 is sil5t ab\t ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,we pass to ! ,fa!rs ( ! f\r? c5tury4 ,pamphile ,eusebe obta9$ ! bi%opric ( ,ces>ea 9 #cac4 ,he wrote ! ,panegyric1 & ! ,life ( ,con/ant9e2 a ,*ronicle1 viz3 a compilation ( ,pagan au?ors1 & sev]al o!r works1 ^: fragm5ts h rema9$4 ,8 pr9cipal "w is 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 :i* we h /udi$ 9 our !ological s*ool4 ,if ! dogma ( endless hell _h be5 ! belief ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 & _h be5 g5]ally believ$ 9 8 age1 he w\ld h c]ta9ly m5tion$ x !re93 h[ev]1 he has n4 ,!re=e1 ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 & ^? ( 8 age1 did n hold ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,a?anase succe$$ to ,alex&] on ! episcopal see ( ,alex&ria1 9 #cbf4 ,8 works are3 ,def5se ( ,tr9ity & ( ,inc>nation2 apologies2 lett]s2 & treatises aga9/ ! ,arians1 ! ,melecians1 ! ,apoll9>i/s1 & ! ,mac$onians4 ,9 ^! works !re is n a ^w conc]n+ ! dogma ( endless hell be+ believ$ by ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 or by 8 contempor>ies4 ,! fam\s symbol :i* is head$ symbol ( ,a?anase1 :i* ! ,romi% prie/s read e ,sunday 9 ! ,psalms-,brevi>y1 is n f 8 composition nor f 8 p52 e "o ( ! ,ca?olic !ologians & au?ors confesses x4 ,basile1 bi%op ( ,ces>ea1 0 born 9 #cbi4 ,he has left sev]al lett]s1 homilies1 treatises ( morals1 & s]mons on ! six days ( ! creation4 ,we h exam9$ ! ,lat9 edition ( 8 works1 or r ( ! fragm5ts ( 8 works1 = !y are n entire1 by ,don ,gami] & ,don ,prud5t2 b ?\gh 9 _m passages he speaks ( salvation1 ( et]nal bliss1 & ( ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ h]eaft]1 he does n positively decl>e t ! puni%m5t w be endless2 & he does n say t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians believ$ x1 nor t x 0 a dogma ( ! ,*ur* 9 8 age4 ,!odor ( ,mopsue/e1 :o wrote 9 ! fif? c5tury1 is *>g$ by ! ,ca?olic writ]s to h taught t future puni%m5t w n be endless4 ,s9ce t "t1 d[n to ! six? c5tury1 ! "q ( ! et]nal duration ( ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ 9 a place call$ hell1 0 discuss$ by ! ecclesia/ical writ]s1 :o1 nev]!less1 did n ass]t t x 0 ! belief ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ians4 ,ambrosius suppos$ t x w\ld be inf9ite 9 duration2 s ,augu/9e1 8 disciple1 wrote 9 8 "w1 ,de ,civitate ,dei1 book #ba2 ,/4 ,fulg5ce2 ! pope ,gregorius1 etc4 ,! op9ion ( ^? lead+ doctors 0 prea*$1 &1 little by little1 x became ! belief ( a l>ge numb] ( ,*ri/ians4 ,!y ev5 designat$ ! place :]e hell 03 "s ?\ght x 0 9 ! pr(undities ( ! e>?2 ,augu/9e oppos$ !m2 !n he recant$ himself1 & agre$ t x 0 !re4 ,f9ally1 9 #eec1 a g5]al c\ncil 0 held 9 ,con/ant9ople1 & x 0 decid$ t ! dogma ( endless hell %all be h5ce=? an article ( fai?4 ,x 0 only _m ye>s aft] t ?is c\ncil 0 consid]$ oecum5ical4 ,we h prov$ by ! te/imony ( ! ,fa!rs !mselves1 t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/1 ( ! second1 ( ! ?ird1 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies1 did n believe ! dogma ( endless hell2 we %all n[ prove x by ! v>i\s ,*ri/ian sects1 :i* exi/$1 & 7 organiz$ religi\s d5om9ations1 9 ^? c5turies4 ,le/ we might be suspect$ ( p>tiality 9 ! exposition ( ! belief ( ^? ,*ri/ian sects 9 reg>d to future puni%m5t1 we w exclusively make our extracts f ! works ( ,b]gi]1 ,fell]1 & o!r ,ca?olic !ologians & hi/orians4 ,! ,c]9?ians did n believe ! doctr9e ( endless hell4 ,! ,basilidians believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis1 or transmigration ( ! s\ls4 ,9 consequ5ce !y did n hold ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,eusebe in=ms u1 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 t ,basilide _h writt5 on ! f\r ,gospels tw5ty-f\r books2 & t 8 sect 0 num]\s4 ,x fl\ri%$ till ! f\r? c5tury4 ,! ,mill5>ies1 :o exi/$ ma9ly 9 ! second & ?ird c5turies1 believ$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ w\ld soon come f heav51 to reign "o ?\s& ye>s ov] ! righte\s2 t ?is reign w\ld be temporal2 & t x w\ld be foll[$ by a g5]al judgm5t3 b !y did n hold t future puni%m5t w\ld be endless1 = !y 7 sil5t ab\t its nature4 ,! ,m>cionites believ$ 9 a good pr9ciple1 ,god1 & 9 a bad "o1 ! ,devil2 ! latt] _h creat$ our body4 ,jesus ,*ri/ _h b an app>5t fle%4 ,our body %\ld n come aga9 to life2 !y believ$ l ,py?agoras1 ( :om ,m>cion 0 a foll[]1 9 ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis3 su* 0 _! belief4 ,!y made s _m proselytes1 t1 ev5 9 ! fif? c5tury1 _! sect 0 num]\s 9 ,italy1 9 ,egypt1 9 ,pale/9e1 9 ,syria1 9 ,arabia1 9 ,p]sia1 & 9 o!r ori5tal c\ntries4 ,! ,val5t9ians held t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god2 t he _h r$eem$ ! _w only f s91 by free+ m5 ( ! empire ( evil ,eons1 or g5iuses1 :o _h ! gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se4 ,!y believ$ 9 ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis1 or transmigration ( ! s\ls4 ,9 consequ5ce1 !y nei!r knew nor believ$ ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,val5t9 _h an imm5se numb] ( disciples1 & 8 sect spread 9 ,asia1 & 9 ,africa2 9 ,europe x ext5d$ z f> z ,gaul1 :]e1 accord+ to ! te/imony ( ,ir5eus1 bi%op ( ,lyons1 ! ,val5t9ians 7 v num]\s4 ,! ,m>cosians =m$ a num]\s religi\s body t[>ds ! end ( ! second c5tury4 ,_! sect spread z f> z ,gaul4 ,!y believ$ ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis4 ,! ,!odotians & ! ,artemonians1 9 ! second c5tury1 pr(ess$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n ,god1 & believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis4 ,! ,c>pocratians believ$ 9 ! pre-exi/5ce ( ! s\ls1 & taught t !y _h s9n$ 9 an ant]ior /ate ( exi/5ce2 t1 z a puni%m5t = ^? crimes1 !y _h be5 condemn$ to animate o!r bodies1 & w\ld pass into o!r bodies z long z !y w\ld n h be5 suffici5tly purifi$ by ?is expiation4 ,!y d5i$ ! div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ! belief ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,c>pocrate1 ( ,alex&ria1 f\nd$ ?is sect 9 ! second c5tury4 ,! ,docetes pr(ess$ ! same belief z ! ,c>pocratians1 ) ! diff]5ce t !y did n admit t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h a natural body4 ,!y _h exactly ! same belief 9 reg>d to ,metempsy*osis4 ,?is sect exi/$ 9 ! second c5tury4 ,! ,patripassians1 ! ,noetians1 ! ,praxeans1 & ! ,sabellians h be5 sil5t on ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,tatian1 "o ( ! mo/ prom95t ecclesia/ical writ]s ( ! second c5tury1 e/abli%$ ! sect ( ! ,tatiani/s1 :o believ$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h n really suff]$1 & t he _h n r$eem$ ! _w by 8 blood4 ,!y also held ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis4 ,( ! _m works ( ,tatian we h only 8 ,disc\rse aga9/ ! ,pagans1 & 8 ,diatess>on4 ,apelles e/abli%$ a sect ( 8 "n1 9 #ade4 ,! ,apellites d5i$ ! resurrection ( ! body2 believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis2 & also t ,god _h entru/$ a _s ( fire to create ! _w4 ,9 ! second c5tury1 ,montan1 a native ( ,ardaban1 9 ,mysia1 e/abli%$ ! sect ( ! ,montani/s1 :i* split & ramifi$ into ! ,artotyrites1 ! ,ascites1 ,ascodrutes1 etc4 ,!y all believ$ ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis4 ,! ,ophites1 a sect ( ! second c5tury1 pr(ess$ t ! _w _h be5 creat$1 & 0 gov]n$ by evil ,eons or g5iuses1 & t ,god _h s5t ,jesus ,*ri/1 8 ,son1 to oppose ! evil g5iuses4 ,!y held ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis4 ,9 ! second c5tury ! sect ( ! ,ca9ites d5i$ ! resurrection ( ! body1 & believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis4 ,! above sects compose ! l>ge body ( ,*ri/ians 9 ! second c5tury2 & yet we d n f9d 9 _! doctr9es any?+ l ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,!y all1 except p]haps ! ,mill5>ies1 believ$ 9 ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis4 ,& z ^? extracts are f ,roman ,ca?olic au?ors1 :o _h ! greate/ int]e/ 9 disguis+ ! true doctr9es ( ^? sects1 x foll[s t x is an und5iable fact1 t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! second c5tury nei!r did believe nor knew any ?+ ab\t su* a dogma z endless hell4 ,coroll>y4 ,s9ce ! ,*ri/ians ( ! second c5tury nei!r believ$ ! dogma ( endless hell1 nor knew any?+ ab\t x1 !re=e ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ c5tury nei!r believ$ ?is dogma1 nor knew any?+ ab\t x2 = _h !y believ$ x1 or kn[n any ?+ ab\t x1 ! ,*ri/ians ( ! second c5tury w\ld h pres]v$ t belief1 or at lea/ w\ld h m5tion$ x4 ,consequ5tly1 x is an und5iable fact t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ c5tury 7 n taught by ! apo/les ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,let u exam9e1 n[1 ! doctr9es ( ! v>i\s ,*ri/ian sects1 :i* sprung up 9 ! ?ird c5tury4 ,t]tullian1 "o ( ! ,fa!rs ( :om we h spok5 above1 _h jo9$ ! ,montani/ sect2 b aft]w>ds he disagre$ ) !m1 & he f\nd$1 at ab\t ! fif? ye> ( ! ?ird c5tury1 ano!r sect1 call$ ,t]tulliani/s4 ,?is sect liv$ sev]al c5turies1 = 9 ! "t ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 t[>ds ! end ( ! f\r? c5tury1 !y _h a d5om9ational organization at ,c>?age1 ,africa4 ,probably !y held ! same belief z ,t]tullian1 9 reg>d to ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,! ,h]mog5ians believ$ t ! e>? & ! :ole univ]se h be5 uncreat$1 & are et]nal4 ,h]mog5e said3 ,god has ei!r tak5 evil f himself1 or f no?+1 or f a pre-exi/+ matt]4 ,he c\ld n take evil f himself1 = he is indivisible2 &1 besides1 evil c\ld n abide 9 a be+ inf9itely p]fect4 ,he c\ld n take evil f no?+1 = 9 ?is case x w\ld h be5 9 8 p[] n to produce x2 !re=e1 evil is d]iv$ f a matt] pre-exi/+1 co-et]nal to ,god1 & ! defects ( :i* ,god c\ld n am5d4 ,! ,h]mog5ians believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis4 ,_! sect spread m p>ticul>ly 9 ,galatia4 ,b]ylle1 bi%op ( ,o/res1 9 ,arabia1 e/abli%$1 9 #bjg1 ! sect ( ! ,arabics4 ,!y believ$ t ! s\l 0 born & di$ ) ! body1 & t bo? w\ld come aga9 to life4 ,orig5 wrote aga9/ ?is belief1 & conv]t$ ! mo/ ( !m to 8 op9ions4 ,z ,orig5 ?\ght & taught t ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$ w\ld n be endless1 & t ! s\ls transmigrat$1 we may safely conclude t ! ,arabics embrac$ 8 op9ions4 ,! ,novatians 7 organiz$ into a sect by ,novat & ,novatian1 prie/s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,c>?age4 ,we h p]us$ ! treatises on ,tr9ity & on ! ,vi&s1 writt5 by ,novatian1 ^: fragm5ts are f\nd 9 ! works ( ,t]tullian2 b we h f\nd no op9ion express$ 9 reg>d to ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,we he>d s9ce t !re is a complete edition ( 8 works1 publi%$ 9 #agbh1 by ,jackson1 at ,london3 we h n be5 able to obta9 x4 ,accord+ to ! te/imony ( ,epiphane1 ! ,valesians held _m ( ! doctr9es ( ! ,gno/ics4 ,f ?is we may safely inf] t !y believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis4 ,tillemont1 9 8 ,memoirs = ! ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 tome #c;d1 says t ! ,valesians sprung up 9 #bdj4 ,/4 ,epiphane & ,tillemont are ! only au?ors :o h ref]r$ to !m 9 _! writ+s4 ,! ,samosatians1 ^: *ief 0 ,paul ( ,samosate1 ,patri>* ( ,antio*1 pr(ess$ t ! ?ree p]sons ( ! ,tr9ity 7 n ?ree ,gods1 b ?ree attributes1 "u :i* ,god has manife/$ himself to m52 t ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 n a ,god1 b a man to :om wisdom _h be5 extraord9>ily giv54 ,we did n f9d any ?+ 9 ! ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory 9 reg>d to _! doctr9es ab\t future puni%m5t4 ,h[ev]1 z !y consid]$ ,jesus ,*ri/ only z an extraord9>y man1 x is mo/ probable t !y kept ! immemorially1 &1 ev5 !n1 g5]ally believ$ doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis4 ,?is sect 0 e/abli%$ 9 #bfj4 ,! fam\s ,z5obia1 :o !n reign$ 9 ,syria1 & believ$ ! ,jewi% religion1 0 conv]t$ to ?is sect4 ,manes 0 born 9 ,p]sia1 9 #bdj4 ,he 0 ! fa!r ( ! sect ( ! ,mani*eans4 ,we %all give a summ>y ( _! doctr9es1 & z _! sect has be5 "o ( ! mo/ num]\s1 "o ( ! mo/ widely spread1 & "o ^: d5om9ational organization seems to h outliv$ ne>ly all ^? ( ! fir/ c5turies1 we w add a summ>y ( _! hi/ory4 ,we w f9d 9 _! doctr9es1 & 9 _! hi/ory1 a weighty pro( t ! dogma ( endless hell 0 n g5]ally believ$ by ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ five c5turies1 to say ! lea/4 ,to remove ! lea/ %ad[ ( d\bt ab\t our imp>tiality1 we cont9ue1 z done be=e1 to take our extracts f ,roman ,ca?olic au?ors1 :o _h an int]e/ to make x appe> t ! dogma ( endless hell 0 co-eval to ! apo/les4 ,we extract f ,coteli]1 a ,roman ,ca?olic au?or1 tome #a1 ( ! ,apo/olic ,fa!rs1 page #edc1 & foll[+1 ^! doctr9es ( ! ,mani*eans3 ,9 _! op9ion1 ! s\ls1 or spirits1 are an emanation f ! good _s1 :om !y consid]$ z an uncreat$ light2 & all bodies h be5 =m$ by ! bad pr9ciple1 :om !y call$ ,satan1 & ! p[] ( d>kness4 ,!y held t !re are portions ( light enclos$ )9 all ! bodies ( ! univ]se1 & t !y give !m motion & life1 :]e=e ^? s\ls _c reunite to ! good pr9ciple1 except :5 !y h be5 purifi$ by ! means ( v>i\s transmigrations f "o body into ano!r4 ,!y d5i$ ! future resurrection ( ! body4 ,x is !re=e evid5t t ! ,mani*eans ei!r knew no?+ ab\t ! dogma ( endless hell1 or did n believe x4 ,f ! ye> #bhe to ! ye> #dia1 ! ,mani*eans 7 p]secut$4 ,! emp]ors ( ,ori5t confiscat$ _! prop]ty1 & decre$ ! p5alty ( dea? aga9/ !m4 ,?\s&s ( !m di$ 9 ! mo/ cruel tortures1 r ?an to give up _! fai?2 we read ev5 9 our days1 9 ! ,!odosian code1 ! laws enact$ aga9/ !m4 ,despite ^? p]secutions !y rapidly & widely spread4 ,9 ! f\r? c5tury ,/4 ,augu/9e 0 conv]t$ to _! sect1 b he aft]w>ds left !m1 & became _! mo/ p[]ful oppon5t4 ,!y =m$ a l>ge body 9 ,africa4 ,9 #dia1 ! "m ( ! emp]or ,ana/ase1 :o 0 a ,mani*ean1 obta9$ ! susp5sion ( ! laws enact$ aga9/ !m4 ,!y 7 all[$1 dur+ tw5ty-sev5 ye>s1 to h *ur*es1 & to freely wor%ip2 b dur+ ! reign ( ,ju/91 & "u 8 successors1 !y 7 aga9 =bidd5 x4 ,t[>ds ! end ( ! sev5? c5tury1 ! fam\s ,gall9ice1 :o 0 a ,mani*ean1 br\ght up h] two sons1 ,paul & ,john1 9 h] belief1 & s5t !m to ,arm5ia z mission>ies4 ,paul made s _m proselytes t ! new conv]ts took ! "n ( ,paulicians4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! n9? c5tury ! ,paulicians split2 b soon aft] !y reunit$1 at ! p]suasion ( "o ( _! mo/ influ5tial memb]s1 nam$ ,!odote4 ,! av]sion ( ! ,mani*eans = ! wor%ip ( ! virg9 ,m>y1 ( ! cross1 ( ! sa9ts1 & ( images1 pleas$ ! ,s>ac5s1 :o made frequ5t irruptions 9 ! empire3 ?r\gh _! influ5ce !y obta9$ m cr$it among _! oppon5ts4 ,9 ! ye> #hda1 ! empress ,!odora1 :o _h decl>$ h]self 9 favor ( ! wor%ip ( ! virg9 ,m>y1 ( ! cross1 ( ! sa9ts1 & ( images1 w5t s f> 9 h] fanatical zeal = ?is doctr9e1 t %e resolv$ to ext]m9ate ! ,mani*eans1 & _! religion4 ,by h] ord]s m ?an "o hundr$ ?\s& ( !m 7 arre/$ & put to dea?2 ne>ly all expir$ 9 ! mo/ cruel tortures4 ,!n ! ,mani*eans s\ght a refuge among ! ,s>ac5s2 !y retir$ 9 =tifi$ t[ns1 repell$ ! repeat$ assaults ( ! imp]ial armies1 & ma9ta9$ !mselves dur+ ab\t =ty ye>s2 b hav+ be5 defeat$ 9 a great battle !y 7 =c$ to disp]se4 ,"s w5t to ,bulg>ia1 & s9ce took ! "n ( ,bulg>ians2 o!rs w5t to ,italy1 & ma9ly settl$ 9 ,lomb>dy1 :]efrom !y s5t mission>ies to ,france1 to ,g]many1 & to o!r c\ntries4 ,9 ! ye> #ajbb1 "u ! k+ ,rob]t1 sev]al canons ( ,orleans1 :o _h jo9$ ! ,mani*eans1 7 burnt alive4 ,al?\gh ! p5alty ( dea? _h be5 decre$ aga9/ ! ,mani*eans1 !y e/abli%$ a l>ge numb] ( conv5ts all ov] ,france1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ! prov9ces ( ,prov5ce1 ( ,langu$oc1 &1 m especially1 9 ! diocese ( ,albi1 :]e !y took ! "n ( ,albig5ses4 ,alanus1 monk ( ,cteaux1 & ,pet]1 monk ( ,vaux-,c]nay1 :o wrote aga9/ !m1 accus$ !m1 #a/1 ( admitt+ two pr9ciples or creators1 ! "o good & ! o!r bad2 ! fir/1 creator ( invisible & spiritual ?+s1 & ! second1 creator ( bodies4 #b;d1 ,( d5y+ ! resurrection ( ! body4 #c;d1 ,( d5y+ ! ,purgatory4 #d?1 ,( d5y+ ! utility ( pray]s = ! dead4 #e?1 ,( d5y+ ! pa9s ( hell4 #f?1 ,( believ+ ! transmigration ( ! s\ls into o!r bodies ( m51 or ( animals1 accord+ to ! degree ( _! guilt 9 an ant]ior /ate ( exi/5ce1 until by successive expiatory transmigrations !y become purifi$4 #g?1 ,( disbeliev+ ! sev5 sacram5ts4 #h?1 ,( reject+ ! wor%ip ( ! virg9 ,m>y1 ( ! cross1 ( ! sa9ts1 & ( images1 etc4 ,9 #aagf1 ! c\ncil ( ,albi1 :i* "s au?ors call c\ncil ( ,lombez1 0 held aga9/ ! ,mani*eans1 :o1 z said above1 7 call$ ,albig5ses4 ,9 ?is c\ncil !y 7 condemn$ "u ! call+ ( ,good ,m54 ,fleury1 :o1 9 ! sev5ty-second book ( 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory1 quotes ! acts ( ! c\ncil1 ascribes to !m ! above doctr9es2 s does ! hi/orian ,ra9]ius2 & ,bossuet1 9 ! n9? book ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ,v>iations1 cites o!r au?ors :o confirm all ^! accusations4 ,! condemnation ( ! ,mani*eans1 or ,albig5ses1 0 confirm$ by ! g5]al c\ncil ( ,latran1 9 #aagi4 ,a crusade 0 ord]$ aga9/ !m by ! ,pope1 ,innoc5t ,,iii41 & a /rict inquisition 0 organiz$4 ,simon1 c\nt ( ,mont=d1 0 appo9t$1 by ! ,pope1 g5]al-9-*ief ( ! crusad]s2 !n ! slaught] comm5c$4 ,x la/$ eighte5 ye>s3 ! ,albig5ses1 or ,mani*eans1 7 ext]m9at$1 a few only secretly f\nd _! way to ! ,alps1 :]e !y conceal$ !mselves1 & aft]w>ds unit$ to ! ,vald5ses4 ,sev]al hundr$ ?\s&s 7 ei!r burnt alive1 or tortur$ on racks1 or put to ! sword2 all 7 sla93 m51 old m51 "y m51 wom51 *ildr51 & infants2 & dur+ ^? horrible c]emonies ( dea?1 ! soldi]s ( ! ,pope sung ! ,v5i ,creator ,spiritus1 etc41 a hymn ( invocation to ! ,holy ,_s4 ,f ! doctr9es & hi/ory ( ! ,mani*eans we draw ! foll[+ argum5t3 ,accord+ to ! unanim\s te/imony ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic au?ors !mselves1 f ab\t ! middle ( ! ?ird c5tury to ! ?irte5?1 ! ,mani*eans compos$ a num]\s body ( ,*ri/ians1 & did n believe ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,s con/ant 7 !y 9 ?is disbelief1 t !y p]si/$ 9 x till ne>ly e "o ( !m 0 ext]m9at$2 !re=e x is an und5iable hi/orical fact t ?is l>ge d5om9ation ( ,*ri/ians did n hold ! dogma ( hell1 9 ! ?ird1 f\r?1 fif?1 etc41 c5turies4 ,let u exam9e ! doctr9e ( ! ,*ri/ian sects1 :i* sprung up 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 9 reg>d to endless hell4 ,we cont9ue to take our extracts f ,roman ,ca?olic au?ors4 ,priscillian1 a ,spani>d1 0 ! f\nd] ( ! ,*ri/ian sect ( ,priscilliani/s1 9 ! ye> #chj4 ,?is d5om9ation ( ,*ri/ians believ$ 9 ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis4 ,!y held t ! s\ls pass$ into ! bodies ( o!r m51 until !y 7 purifi$1 by _! transmigrations1 ( ! s9s !y _h committ$ 9 an ant]ior life4 ,!y d5i$ ! resurrection ( human bodies4 ,priscillian 0 condemn$ to dea?1 & ! p5alty ( dea? 0 decre$ aga9/ ! ,priscilliani/s4 ,! emp]or ,maxime1 & ! pope ,leon1 us$ fire1 racks1 & swords aga9/ !m2 !y slew ?\s&s ( !m1 nev]!less !y increas$ s t !y 7 num]\s yet 9 ! six? c5tury 9 ,spa9 & 9 ,italy4 ,tillemont1 9 8 ,ecclesia/ical ,memoir1 tome #h1 ref]s to ,sulpice-,sevre1 to ,ambrosius1 & to ,/4 ,augu/9e1 = ! confirmation ( ! above1 said conc]n+ ! doctr9es ( ! ,priscilliani/s4 ,! o!r pr9cipal sects ( ! f\r? c5tury 7 ! ,donati/s1 ! ,phot9ians1 ! ,mac$onians1 ! ,apoll9>i/s1 ! ,jov9ians1 ! ,collyridians1 & ! ,pelagians4 ,! ,ne/orians1 ! ,euti*ians1 & ! ,mono!lites1 sprang up 9 ! fif? c5tury4 ,we h n f\nd 9 _! writ+s any passages ref]r+ to ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,h[ev] we mu/ /ate t we _h ! opportunity ( p]us+ only ab\t two-?irds ( ! num]\s & volum9\s1 we w\ld add t$i\s1 works compos$ pro & con conc]n+ _! respective t5ets4 ,rem>k4--,let ! read] be> 9 m9d t ! mo/ ( ! ,*ri/ian sects1 ^: disbelief ( ! dogma ( endless hell we h trac$ out above1 compos$ ! majority ( ! ,*ri/ian body2 & also t !y h exi/$1 at lea/1 till ! middle ( ! six? c5tury1 ! epo* :5 ! fif? c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople condemn$ ! doctr9e held by ,orig5--t ( ! transmigration ( ! s\ls1 & ( _! tempor>y puni%m5t4 ,conclusion4 ,!re=e ! dogma ( endless hell 0 n g5]ally believ$ by ! ,*ri/ians ( ! ?ird1 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies4 ,g5]al conclusion ( ?is ?ird article3 #a4 ,we h prov$1 by ! te/imony ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! second c5tury1 & by ! doctr9es ( ! num]\s ,*ri/ian sects ( ! same c5tury1 t ! dogma ( endless hell 0 ev5 unkn[n to ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies4 ,!n we mu/ conclude t n only ! fir/ ,*ri/ians1 namely1 ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies did n believe 9 endless hell1 b ev5 t !y knew no?+ ab\t su* a dogma4 #b4 ,we h prov$1 by ! te/imony ( ! ,fa!rs ( ! ?ird1 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies1 & also by ! _m ,*ri/ian sects :i* exi/$ 9 ! ?ird1 9 ! f\r?1 & 9 ! fif? c5turies1 t ! ,*ri/ians did n g5]ally believe1 9 ! said c5turies1 ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,!re=e ! ,*ri/ians ( ! ?ird1 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies1 did n g5]ally believe 9 endless hell4 ,!re=e ! proposition we 7 to prove 9 ! pres5t article1 t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians did n believe 9 ! doctr9e ( endless hell1 rema9s p]emptorily e/abli%$4 ,objection4--,s9ce ! f\r? c5tury ! ,*ur* ( ,rome obta9$ ! condemnation ( ! above ,*ri/ian sects 9 five g5]al c\ncils4 ,b if ! above sects _h compos$ ! majority ( ! body ( ,*ri/ians1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome w\ld n h obta9$ _! condemnation4 ,consequ5tly ! above sects did n compose ! majority ( ! body ( ,*ri/ians dur+ ! ?ird1 ! f\r?1 & ! fif? c5turies4 ,answ]4--,we d5y ! m9or proposition ( ?is syllogism1 :i* is3 ,b if ! above sects _h compos$ ! majority ( ! body ( ,*ri/ians1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome w\ld n h obta9$ _! condemnation--& we prove our d5egation z foll[s3-- ,suppos+ t ! ,unit$ ,/ates be con/itut$ into an empire--,god =bid6--t ! emp]or w\ld h ! control ( ,*ur* prop]ty1 w\ld side1 say ) ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 or any o!r1 claim+ supremacy ov] ! o!r ,*ri/ian d5om9ations2 & t ! emp]or w\ld assemble c\ncils conjo9tly ) t ,*ur*1 w\ld att5d & ev5 be vice-presid5t ( ^? c\ncils1 w\ld en=ce !m ) civil & milit>y =ce1 & also ! execution ( _! acts condemn+ ano!r sect array$ be=e ^? c\ncils1 )\t p]mitt+ ! o!r sects to vote 9 ^? c\ncils1 w\ld x foll[ f ?is t all ! o!r ,*ri/ian sects d n compose ! body ( ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates8 ,c]ta9ly n4 ,b ! case 0 ! same ) ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,s9ce ! end ( ! second c5tury ! bi%op ( ,rome 7we d n say ! ,pope1 = x 0 only c5turies aft] t he _h ! boldness1 or r impud5ce1 to call himself exclusively ,pope17 comm5c$ to claim a p]sonal supremacy ov] ! o!r bi%ops1 & also a supremacy ( 8 *ur* ov] ! o!r ,*ri/ian *ur*es4 ,va9 7 8 ef=ts until ! beg9n+ ( ! f\r? c5tury1 :5 ,sylve/re1 bi%op ( ,rome1 obta9$ = himself & = 8 *ur* ! favors & protection ( ! emp]or ,con/ant9e ,i41 :o aft]w>ds jo9$ x1 7we w /ate 9 ! la/ *apt] ( ?is "w ! reasons :y ?is tyrant took ^! /eps47 ,9 behalf ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 he convok$ ! c\ncil ( ,arles1 & ! g5]al c\ncil ( ,nice1 & defray$ ! exp5ses ( ! bi%ops out ( 8 own treasure4 ,8 protection to ! ,*ur* ( ,rome ! mo/ ( 8 successors on ! imp]ial ?rone cont9u$2 & ?us ! p[] & supremacy ( ?is *ur* grew 9 ratio ( ! p]secutions direct$ aga9/ ! o!r ,*ri/ian d5om9ations1 :i* 7 deb>r$ f vot+ 9 ! c\ncils2 ^: *ur* prop]ty 0 (t5times confiscat$2 & :i* _m ( !m 7 prohibit$ to publicly wor%ip4 ,9 consequ5ce1 x is n true to say t1 if ! v>i\s ,*ri/ian sects spok5 ( be=e _h compos$ ! majority ( ! body ( ,*ri/ians1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome w\ld n h obta9$ _! condemnation4 ,!re=e ! v>i\s sects spok5 ( be=e compos$ ! majority ( ! body ( ,*ri/ians dur+ ! ?ird1 ! f\r? & ! fif? c5turies4 ,,app5dix ,to ! pro(s t ! fir/ ,*ri/ians did n believe 9 endless hell4 ,f ! second to ! f\r? c5turies _m ,apocryphal ,gospels _h be5 writt54 ,"s ( !m h be5 transmitt$ d[n to u1 at lea/ _! fragm5ts2 & o!rs h n be5 pres]v$ except _! titles4 ,among ^? gospels are3 #a/1 ! ,gospel accord+ to ! ,hebrews2 #b;d1 accord+ to ! ,naz>eans2 #c;d1 accord+ to ! ,twelve ,apo/les2 #d?1 accord+ to ,/4 ,pet]4 ,x is suppos$ t ^! f\r ,gospels 7 t ( ,mat!w1 alt]$ by ! ,hebrews4 ,?is circum/ance has l$ ! critics to believe1 t ! ,hebrew or ,syriac text ( ,mat!w _h be5 ab&on$1 le/ x might be alt]$2 & t ! ,greek v]sion _h be5 pres]v$4 #e?1 ,! ,gospel accord+ to ! ,egyptians2 #f?1 t ( ! bir? ( ! virg9 ,m>y3 we h read x 9 ,lat92 #g?1 ! ,protogospel ( ,james1 writt5 9 ,greek & 9 ,lat92 #h?1 ! ,gospel ( ! ,infancy1 9 ,greek & 9 ,arabic2 #i?1 t ( ,/4 ,?omas2 #aj?1 ! ,gospel ( ,nicodemus1 9 ,lat92 #aa?1 ! ,gospel ,et]nal2 #ab?1 t ( ,&rew2 #ac?1 t ( ,b>?olomew2 #ad?1 t ( ,apelles2 #ae?1 t ( ,basilides2 #af?1 t ( ,c]9?us2 #ag?1 t ( ! ,ebionites--p]haps x 0 ! same z t ( ! ,hebrews2 #ah?1 t ( ,tatian2 #ai?1 t ( ,eve2 #bj?1 t ( ! ,gno/ics2 #ba/1 t ( ,m>cion2 #bb;d1 t ( ,/4 ,paul2 #bc;d1 ! ,gospel ( ! small & great int]rogations ( ,m>y2 #bd?1 t ( ! bir? ( ,jesus3 probably ! same z ! ,protogospel ( ,james2 #be?1 t ( ,john1 or ( ! dea? ( ! virg9 ,m>y2 #bf?1 t ( ,mat?ias2 #bg?1 t ( ,p]fection2 #bh?1 t ( ! ,simonians2 #bi?1 t ( ! ,syrians2 #cj?1 t ( ! ,encratites3 probably ! same z t ( ,tatian2 #ca/1 ! ,gospel ( ,?adeus1 or ( ,jude2 #cb;d1 t ( ,val5t9e2 #cc;d1 t ( ,life1 or ( ! ,liv+ ,god2 #cd?1 t ( ,philip2 #ce?1 t ( ,b>nabeus2 #cf?1 t ( ,james1 ! major2 #cg?1 t ( ,judas2 #ch?1 ( ! ,tru?3 probably ! same z t ( ,val5t9e2 #ci?1 ! ,gospels ( ,leucius1 ( ,seleucus1 ( ,lucianus1 & ( ,hesy*ius4 ,= a m ext5sive in=mation conc]n+ ! ,apocryphal ,gospels1 we ref] ! read] to ! ,codex ,apocryphus ,novi ,te/am5ti ,collectus1 ,ca/igatus1 publi%$ at ,hamburg1 9 #c vols4 octavo1 9 #agai4 ,! au?or 0 ,john ,alb]t ,fabricius1 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ antiqu>ians ( ! #ag? c5tury4 ,we _h ! opportunity ( read+1 9 ! ri* libr>y ( ! !ological s*ool ( ,br\1 ,france1 sev]al ( ^! ,apocryphal ,gospels1 t ( ! bir? ( ! virg9 ,m>y1 ! ,protogospel ( ,james2 t ( ! dea? ( ! virg9 ,m>y1 & t ( ! ,twelve ,apo/les2 b we d n recollect to h se5 9 ^! gospels any?+1 9 reg>d to endless hell1 m positive ?an :at is f\nd 9 ! ,gospel conc]n+ ! ru9 ( ,j]usalem4 ,( c\rse ?is pro(1 drawn f ! ,apocryphal ,gospels1 has n ! same weight z if x 0 drawn f au!ntical au?ors1 7x is = ?is reason t we h n ins]t$ x 9 ! body ( pro(s17 h[ev] z x is c]ta9 t !y h be5 writt5 f ! second to ! f\r? c5turies1 !y at lea/ %[ t _! au?ors1 & ! _m ,*ri/ians :o us$ !m1 did n believe 9 endless hell4 ,,article ,,iv4 ,h[ ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ ! doctr9e ( ,endless ,hell f ! ,pagans2 & h[1 aft]w>ds1 ! self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant ,*ur*es borr[$ x f ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,x has be5 prov$ 9 ! =ego+ article1 &1 we ?9k1 to demon/ration1 t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies1 nei!r knew nor believ$ ! dogma ( endless hell2 :]e=e we may logically make ?is argum5t3 ,! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies nei!r knew nor believ$ ! dogma ( endless hell3 ,b if ! dogma ( endless hell _h be5 taught 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies w\ld h kn[n & believ$ x4 ,?is we prove3 ,^? ( ! apo/les :o wrote ! ,new ,te/am5t c]ta9ly knew :e!r1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t !y wrote1 !y _h taught ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,if !y _h kn[n t1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t !y wrote1 !y _h taught ! dogma ( endless hell1 !y w\ld h c]ta9ly in=m$ ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ c5tury1 9 _! oral pr$ications1 t1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t !y wrote1 !y _h taught ! dogma ( endless hell1 = x 0 "o ( ! mo/ important po9ts ( doctr9e4 ,if !y _h in=m$ ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ c5tury1 9 _! oral pr$ications1 t !y _h taught1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t !y wrote1 ! dogma ( endless hell1 ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ c5tury w\ld h c]ta9ly believ$ t !y _h taught1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t !y wrote1 ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,if ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ c5tury _h believ$ t !y _h taught1 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t !y wrote1 ! dogma ( endless hell1 !y w\ld h c]ta9ly believ$ 9 endless hell4 ,if ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ c5tury _h believ$ 9 endless hell1 ^? ( ! beg9n+ ( ! second c5tury w\ld h also believ$ x2 = ! apo/le & evangeli/ ,john 0 /ill liv+ at ! end ( ! ye> #ajj2 7ev5 _m au?ors say t he di$ only 9 #ajd17 & !re=e if any discussion _h aris5 9 reg>d to ! dogma ( endless hell1 he w\ld h decl>$ :e!r x 0 taught 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t or n4 ,if ! ,*ri/ians ( ! beg9n+ ( ! second c5tury _h also believ$ ! dogma ( endless hell1 ^? :o w\ld h liv$ 9 ! middle & at ! end ( ! second c5tury w\ld h believ$ x also2 because le>n+1 f ! lips1 or f ! writ+s1 ( ^? :o 7 co-eval to "s ( ! apo/les1 ! dogma ( endless hell1 no traditional alt]ation might h tak5 place t[>ds ?is dogma2 s mu* s t x w\ld h be5 g5]ally spread & believ$ among ,*ri/ians1 ow+ to its importance4 ,!re=e ! m9or proposition ( our argum5t is true3 ,b if ! dogma ( endless hell _h be5 taught 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies w\ld h kn[n & believ$ x4 ,:]e=e we draw ?is logical conclusion3 ,!n ! dogma ( endless hell is n taught 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,moreov]1 if ! ,*ri/ians ( ! ?ird1 ( ! f\r?1 & ( ! fif? c5turies1 _h ?\ght t ! dogma ( endless hell 0 taught 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t !y w\ld h at lea/ g5]ally believ$ x4 ,b !y did n g5]ally believe x1 z x has be5 prov$1 to demon/ration1 9 ! =ego+ ,article3 consequ5tly ! dogma ( endless hell is n taught 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,f ! fact t1 accord+ to ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies !mselves1 ! dogma ( endless hell is n taught 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 we draw ! conclusion t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i* fir/1 & successively1 introduc$ 9 ! body ( ,*ri/ians ! dogma ( hell & ( endless hell1 did n orig9ate x f ! ,new ,te/am5t2 because !re w\ld h be5 a g5]al prote/ation aga9/ x f all ! o!r *ur*es4 ,x has be5 prov$1 9 ! second ,article ( ?is *apt]1 t ! ,jews did n believe ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,!re=e ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n orig9ate ! dogma ( endless hell f ! ,jews1 or f _! ,holy ,writs4 ,:]efrom1 !n1 did ! ,*ur* ( ,rome orig9ate ! dogma ( endless hell8 ,f ,paganism3-- ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome e/abli%$ my/]ies t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury4 ,!y 7 an imitation ( ! ,pagan my/]ies4 ,we ref] ! read] = ! pro(s ( ?is proposition to ! la/ pages ( ! second *apt] ( ?is "w4 ,!reupon we cont9ue4 ,x 0 only successively1 & to make m proselytes1 t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome _h e/abli%$ ^? c]emonies1 rites & doctr9es1 to ! read+ !re( we h invit$ ! read]1 & :i* 7 n only unspok5 ( 9 ! ,scriptures1 b :i* 7 a pure imitation ( ^? ( ! my/]ies ( ! ,pagans4 ,we say1 to make m proselytes2 = ! aim ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome 0 evid5tly to dim9i% ! abruptness ( ! transition betwe5 ,paganism & ,*ri/ianity2 to ?r[ a bridge1 if we may ?us illu/rate our idea1 ov] ! /eep1 wide1 & deep abyss t lies betwe5 ,paganism & ,*ri/ianity4 ,n[ let u comp>e ! hell ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome ) ! ,t>t>us ( ! ,pagans4 ,! ,pagans call$ ! place :]e ! wick$ 7 puni%$1 ,t>t>us1 or ,inf]nus2 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome call$1 & /ill calls1 ! same place1 ,t>t>us1 or ,inf]nus4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! ,t>t>us 0 9 ! pr(undities ( ! e>?2 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome held1 & /ill holds1 t ! ,t>t>us1 call$ 9 ,engli%1 ,hell1 is 9 ! pr(undities ( ! e>?4 ,rem>k4--,be=e proce$+ fur!r1 let u give ! native signification ( ! words ,t>t>us1 ,inf]nus & ,hell4 ,greek3 ,t>t>os1 ou1 d>k & deep place3 ,greek3 ,t>t>a ga9s1 9 ,hesiode1 abysses ( ! e>?4 ,! ^w ,greek3 ,t>t>os has be5 adopt$ & kept 9 ! ,lat91 ?\gh ) ! *ange ( ! f9al ,greek3 os into u1 ,t>t>us1 & its native mean+ pres]v$4 ,! ,lat9 ^w ,inf]nus d]ives f ! ^w inf]ior1 :i* signifies a place "u1 bel[ an o!r1 a cavity1 a pr(undity4 ,! words ,t>t>us1 ,inf]nus1 h be5 kept 9 ,fr5*1 ,t>t>e1 ,enf]2 9 ,spani%1 ,t>t>o1 ,infi]no2 & also 9 ! o!r languages d]iv$ f ! ,lat94 ,! ,engli% ^w hell is ! g5itive case ( ! ,anglo-,saxon ^w hole1 ,see ,web/]'s ,diction>y1 :i* means a cavity1 a pr(undity4 ,! ^w ,t>t>us has be5 kept f ! ,lat91 ) its native signification4 ,9 ,greek ,greek3 ,t>t>os has a plural1 z se5 be=e4 ,9 ,lat9 ,t>t>us has a plural1 ,t>t>i2 s ,inf]nus1 ,inf]i4 ,9 ,fr5* ,t>t>e has a plural1 ,t>t>es2 s1 ,enf]1 ,enf]s4 ,9 ,spani% ,t>t>o has a plural1 ,t>t>os2 s1 ,infi]no1 ,infi]nos4 ,n[ we cont9ue ! comp>ison t we h comm5c$ betwe5 ! ,inf]nus ( ! ,pagans & ! ,inf]nus1 or ,hell1 ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,we w use ! ^w ,hell1 to express ! ,t>t>us1 or ,inf]nus1 ( bo? ! ,pagans & ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t !re 0 a gate to _! hell2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t !re is a gate to ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! frightful ,tisiphon wat*$ day & night at ! gate ( _! hell2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ,lucif] holds ! keys ( ! gate ( hell1 z ,/4 ,pet] holds ! keys ( ,p>adise4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! deepe/ d>kness reign$ 9 _! hell2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! deepe/ d>kness reigns 9 ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 _! hell1 ! ,phlegeton riv] roll$ huge /ones on fire1 burn+ ! wick$ )\t consum+ !m2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 ev5 n[ x is an article ( fai? :i* mu/ be believ$ "u ! p5alty ( excommunication1 ( be+ a h]etic1 & !reby ( infallibly go+ to hell1 t1 9 ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 ! wick$ are plung$ into a corporeal1 or mat]ial1 fire ( sulphur1 & ( brim/one4 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 9 8 "w ,de ,civitate ,dei1 ,lib] #ba1 ,capitulum #aj1 writes3 ,geh5na illa1 quod etiam /agnum ignis et sulphuris dictum e/1 corporeus ignis erit4 ,translation4--,t ,geh5na1 :i* is said to be a m>% ( fire & ( sulphur1 w be a corporeal fire4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 _! hell1 ! wick$ 7 tortur$ 9 _! bodies & 9 _! s\ls1 al?\gh _! bodies 7 9 ! grave2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes t1 9 ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 ! wick$ are tortur$ 9 _! bodies & 9 _! s\ls1 al?\gh _! bodies are 9 ! grave4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 _! hell1 hide\s furies 7 arm$ ) :ips & o!r in/rum5ts ( torture2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t1 9 ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 ! devils are hide\s & arm$ ) :ips1 trid5ts1 h>poons1 & o!r in/rum5ts ( torture4 ,we invite ! read] to g to ,ca?olic /ores ( images1 & to see ! repres5tation ( devils ) tails1 horns1 & arm$ ) in/rum5ts ( torture4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 _! hell1 ! wick$ 7 :ipp$ & tortur$ 9 v>i\s cruel mann]s by ! furies1 ?\gh _! bodies 7 9 ! grave2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t1 9 ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 ! wick$ are :ipp$ & tortur$ 9 v>i\s cruel mann]s by ! devils1 ?\gh _! bodies are 9 ! grave4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 _! hell1 ! wick$ dragg$ heavy *a9s2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t1 9 ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 ! wick$ drag heavy *a9s4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 _! hell1 !re 7 two pr9cipal abodes1 ! "o expiatory1 9 :i* ! common wick$ 7 deta9$ & tortur$1 until !y _h expiat$ _! faults1 & be5 purifi$ en\gh to be admitt$ 9 ! ,elysium2 & ! o!r1 ! va/e/1 ! d>ke/1 & ! deepe/ cav]n1 :]e great crim9als 7 burnt & excruciat$ endlessly1 & )\t any hope ( cessation or relief 9 _! torm5ts2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t 9 ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 !re are two pr9cipal abodes1 ! "o1 ,purgatory1 :]e ! common wick$1 namely1 ^? guilty ( v5ial s9s1 are tortur$ & burnt 9 a mat]ial fire1 until !y h expiat$ _! faults1 & be5 purifi$ en\gh to be p]mitt$ to crave ,/4 ,pet] to op5 to !m ! gate ( ,p>adise1 & ! o!r ! va/e/1 ! d>ke/1 & ! deepe/ pr(undity1 :]e ! h]etics1 ! s*ismatics1 ^? :o eat meat on ,friday1 d n pay ! ti! to ! prie/s1 or :o disobey k9dr$ laws ( ! ,*ur*1 are plung$1 bodies & s\ls1 7?\gh _! bodies are 9 ! grave17 into a dev\r+ fire1 & :]e !y are excruciat$ endlessly1 )\t any hope ( cessation or relief 9 _! torm5ts4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 ! expiatory abode ( _! hell1 !re 7 _m diff]5t degrees ( tortures2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t1 9 ! ,purgatory ( ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 !re are _m diff]5t degrees ( tortures4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t supplications c\ld relieve & free f _! tortures1 ! common wick$ deta9$ 9 ! expiatory abode ( _! hell2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t1 9 ! ,purgatory ( ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 ! common wick$1 namely1 ^? guilty ( v5ial s9s1 c be reliev$ 9 _! torm5ts1 & be fre$ f !m by supplications2 h5ce ! incalculable sums ( money paid to ! prie/s1 to say masses = ! deliv]ance ( ^? wick$2 h5ce ! c\ntless spl5did *ur*es1 ! va/ numb] ( mona/]ies1 conv5ts1 nunn]ies1 abbeys1 & o!r co/ly edifices1 f\nd$ 9 behalf ( ^? wick$4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t !re 7 an innum]able quantity ( diff]5t degrees ( tortures 9 ! second pr9cipal abode ( _! hell2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t1 9 ! second pr9cipal abode ( ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 !re is an innum]able quantity ( diff]5t degrees ( tortures4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 _! hell1 ! wick$ condemn$ to endless mis]y1 w\ld1 m+le ) _! yells ( angui%1 torm5t1 & despair1 vocif]ations1 mal$ictions1 & curses1 aga9/ ! gods1 & aga9/ !mselves2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t1 9 ! hell ( ! ,*ri/ians1 ! wick$1 condemn$ to endless mis]y1 w m+le ) _! yells ( angui%1 torm5t1 & despair1 vocif]ations1 mal$ictions1 & curses aga9/ ,god1 & aga9/ !mselves2 t !y w exclaim1 ,montes cadite sup] nos6--,m\nta9s fall ^u u6 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 _! hell1 ! wick$ condemn$ to endless mis]y w va9ly endeavor to kill & annihilate !mselves2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believ$1 & /ill believes1 t ! wick$ condemn$ to endless mis]y1 w va9ly attempt to put an end to _! mis]able exi/5ce4 ,!re=e !re is a mo/ /rik+ simil>ity1 or r id5tity1 betwe5 ! hell ( ! ,pagans1 & ! hell ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,!re=e1 s9ce z prov$ above1 #a/1 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome 0 ! fir/ ,*ur* :i* introduc$ ! dogma ( endless hell 9 ! body ( ,*ri/ians2 #b;d1 ,s9ce1 z prov$ above1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n orig9ate ! dogma ( endless hell f ! ,new ,te/am5t2 #c;d1 ,s9ce1 z prov$ above1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n borr[ f ! ,jews1 or f _! ,holy ,writs1 ! dogma ( endless hell2 #d?1 ,s9ce1 z prov$ above1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 at ! imitation ( ! ,pagans1 e/abli%$1 t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury1 my/]ies1 _m ( ! c]emonies1 rites & doctr9es !re( 7 alike to ^? c]emonies1 rites & doctr9es1 ( ! my/]ies ( ! ,pagans2 #e?1 ,s9ce1 z prov$ above1 !re is a mo/ /rik+ simil>ity1 or r id5tity1 betwe5 ! hell ( ! ,pagans1 & ! hell ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 ,we legitimately draw ?is important conclusion3 ,!re=e ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ f ! ,pagans ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,:5 ! ,prote/ants1 n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ur*es1 left ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 !y cut (f _m ( ! app5dices & concomitant p>ticul>ities ( ! dogma ( endless hell2 b !y pres]v$1 & ev5 9 our days pr(ess to believe1 ! ma9 features ( ?is dogma1 namely1 t 9 hell !re is sulphur1 brim/one1 & fire2 t 9 hell !re are devils2 t 9 hell !re are _m degrees ( torm5ts2 t 9 hell ! wick$ are con/antly burn+ 9 fire )\t consum+1 & are con/antly tortur$ by ! devils )\t any relief2 t hell %all exi/ =ev] & ev]more1 z long z endless et]nity %all endure2 & t ! torm5ts ( ! wick$ 9 hell %all no m end ?an hell itself4 ,t ! ,prote/ants1 n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 borr[$ f ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! dogma ( endless hell2 & t !y pres]v$ ! above belief 9 reg>d to endless hell1 is prov$ by ! unanim\s te/imony ( mod]n hi/orians & ( *ronicl]s4 ,t !y1 n[-a-days1 pr(ess ! above belief 9 reg>d to endless hell1 is a fact :i* we c daily1 & p>ticul>ly e ,sunday1 9 all cities1 t[ns1 & villages ( ?is c\ntry1 & ( all ,prote/ant c\ntries1 v]ify ) our own eyes 9 _! writ+s1 & ) our own e>s 9 _! temples4 ,n[ we draw our g5]al conclusions3 #a/1 ,!re=e ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ f ! ,pagans ! dogma ( endless hell4 #b;d1 ,!re=e ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,prote/ant1 or ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 borr[$ f ! ,*ur* ( ,rome ! dogma ( endless hell4 ,conclusion ( ! *apt]3 ,!re=e ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9e ( endless hell is ( ,pagan orig94 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,a ,,fir/ ,,judgm5t1 ,,by ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 ,,imm$iately ,,aft] ,,! ,,sep>ation ,,( ,,! ,,s\l ,,f ,,! ,,body4 ,,x w be evid5t t ! orig9 ( ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t1 by ,jesus ,*ri/1 imm$iately aft] ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body1 is ,pagan1 if x c be prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,pagans believ$ 9 a fir/ judgm5t1 by a god1 imm$iately aft] ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body2 #b;d1 ,t ! p>ticul>s ( ?is fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 pres5t a /rik+ simil>ity ) ! p>ticul>s ( ! fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,pagans2 & #c;d1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 transmitt$ to ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es ?is doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t1 :i* !y accept$ full & entire1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/ nor f ! ,jews4 ,b x c be prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,pagans believ$ 9 a fir/ judgm5t1 by a god1 imm$iately aft] ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body2 #b;d1 ,t ! p>ticul>s ( ?is fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 pres5t a /rik+ simil>ity ) ! p>ticul>s ( ! fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,pagans2 & #c;d1 t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury transmitt$ to ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es ?is doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t1 :i* !y accept$ full & entire1 did n hold x f ! ,apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/ nor f ! ,jews4 #a/1 ,x c be prov$ t ! ,pagans believ$ 9 a fir/ judgm5t1 by a god1 imm$iately aft] ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body4 ,we extract ! foll[+ f ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,egyptians1 by ,roll94 ,article--,fun]als3 ,be=e ! dead 7 admitt$ 9 ! sacr$ asylum ( ! tomb1 !y und]w5t a solemn judgm5t4 ,& ?is circum/ance ( ! fun]als among ! ,egyptians1 is "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ?+s 9 ! anci5t hi/ory4 ,x is a consolation to u to leave beh9d u1 :5 we die1 a "n honor$ among m52 & ( all bless+s x is ! only "o ( :i* we _c be depriv$ by dea?4 ,b 9 ,egypt1 x 0 n p]mitt$ to indi/9ctly praise ! dead2 ?is honor 0 conf]r$ only aft] a favorable public judgm5t4 ,! assembly ( ! judges 0 held on ! o!r side ( a lake1 :i* !y cross$ on a b>k4 ,he :o conduct$ ! b>k 0 call$1 9 ! ,egyptian tongue1 ,*>on2 & x is f ?is "n t ! ,greeks1 in/ruct$ by ,orpheus1 :o _h be5 9 ,egypt1 _h inv5t$ ! fable ( ! b>k ( ,*>on4 ,:5 a man di$ he 0 br\ght to judgm5t4 ,! public accus] 0 he>d4 ,if he prov$ t ! conduct ( ! dead _h be5 wick$1 8 memory 0 /igmatiz$1 & he 0 depriv$ ( ! honor ( fun]als4 ,! p admir$ ! p[] ( ! laws1 :i* ext5d$ ev5 beyond dea?2 & ev]ybody1 influ5c$ by ! example ( o!rs1 0 afraid to di%onor 8 family1 & 8 own memory4 ,if ! dead 0 n convict$ ( any crime1 he 0 honorably buri$4 ,:at 0 ! mo/ a/oni%+ 9 ?is judgm5t ( ! dead 0 t royalty itself 0 n sp>$4 ,! k+s 7 n judg$ dur+ _! life1 ! public good dem&$ x2 b !y 7 n exempt$ f ! aft] dea?'s judgm5t1 & sev]al ( !m 7 depriv$ ( honorable fun]als4 ,?is cu/om pass$ among ! ,israelites4 ,we read 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t t wick$ k+s 7 n buri$ 9 ! tombs ( _! fa!rs4 ,?us k+s le>n$1 t1 if _! maje/y places !m above ! judgm5ts ( m51 x is s no long] :5 dea? has plac$ !m on ! same level ) _! fell[-m54 ,:5 ! judgm5t1 :i* _h be5 pron\nc$1 0 favorable to ! dead1 !y proce$$ to ! c]emony ( ! burial4 ,a panegyric 0 deliv]$ 9 :i* no?+ 0 said ( 8 bir?1 because e ,egyptian 0 consid]$ to be a noble man4 ,8 p]sonal virtues only 7 prais$4 ,!n ! :ole assembly supplicat$ ! gods to welcome him 9 ! assembly ( ! virtu\s dead1 & to associate him to _! et]nal bliss4 ,?is judgm5t gave bir? to ! fable ( a judgm5t r5d]$ by ! gods1 imm$iately aft] ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body4 ,*>on 0 repres5t$ c>ry+ ! s\ls ( ! dead on bo>d 8 b>k1 across ! ,/yx riv]1 to be judg$ by ! great judge1 ,m9os4 ,?is became a g5]al belief among ! ,pagans1 n only 9 ,egypt1 b 9 ,greece1 9 ,italy1 & 9 ne>ly all ! ,ori5tal c\ntries2 z prov$ by ! unanim\s cons5t ( ! my?ological au?ors4 ,?is belief has be5 p]petuat$ among ! ,pagans ( ^? c\ntries4 ,ev5 9 our days1 ! ,indians believe 9 ?is judgm5t1 & call ! great judge1 ,zomo1 or accord+ to o!rs1 ,jam54 ,! ,japanese1 foll[]s ( ,buda1 also believe 9 ?is judgm5t2 & !y call ! great judge1 ,zomo4 ,likewise ! ,lamas believe 9 ?is judgm5t1 & call ! great judge ,erlik-kan4 ,!re=e ! ,pagans believ$ 9 a fir/ judgm5t1 by a god1 imm$iately aft] ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body4 #b;d4 ,x c be prov$ t ! p>ticul>s ( ?is fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 pres5t a /rik+ simil>ity ) ! p>ticul>s ( ! fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,pagans3 ,! ,pagans believ$ t _! great judge1 ,m9os1 sat on a ?rone1 to judge ! s\ls imm$iately aft] _! sep>ation f ! bodies t !y animat$2 s ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es believe t ,jesus ,*ri/ sits on a ?rone1 to judge ! s\ls1 imm$iately aft] _! sep>ation f ! bodies t !y animat$4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 ne> to ,m9os' ?rone1 & at 8 "r h&1 good g5iuses1 or spirits1 /ood2 s ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es believe t1 ne> to ,jesus ,*ri/'s ?rone1 & at 8 "r h&1 good angels /&4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 ne> to ,m9os' ?rone1 & at 8 left h&1 furies /ood2 s ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es believe t1 ne> to ,jesus ,*ri/'s ?rone1 & at 8 left h&1 devils /&4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! s\ls 7 driv5 to ! r$\btable tribunal ( ,m9os by _! respective gu>dian angel1 :o _h accompani$ !m dur+ _! :ole life on e>?2 _h wat*$ day & night ov] _! conduct2 & _h kept a record ( all !y _h done1 "r or wrong2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 & "s o!r ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 believe t ! s\ls are driv5 to ! r$\btable tribunal ( ,jesus ,*ri/ by _! respective gu>dian angel1 :o has accompani$ !m dur+ _! :ole life on e>?2 has wat*$ day & night ov] _! conduct1 & has kept a record ( all !y h done1 "r or wrong4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ,m9os bas$ 8 judgm5ts on ! cont5ts ( two books1 ! "o call$ book ( life1 & ! o!r book ( dea?2 s ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es believe t ,jesus ,*ri/ bases 8 judgm5ts on ! cont5ts ( two books2 ! "o call$ book ( life1 & ! o!r book ( dea?4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! s\ls :o _h obta9$ f ,m9os a favorable s5t5ce1 7 l$ to ! ,elysium by _! respective gu>dian angel2 & t ^? :o _h be5 condemn$ to ! ,t>t>us1 7 appreh5d$ by ! furies1 & hurl$ into x2 s ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es believe t ! s\ls :o obta9 f ,jesus ,*ri/ a favorable s5t5ce1 are l$ to ,p>adise by _! respective gu>dian angel2 or1 9 ! op9ion ( ^? ( ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 :i* d n believe 9 a gu>dian angel by o!r angels4 ,consequ5tly ! p>ticul>s ( ! fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 pres5t a /rik+ simil>ity ) ! p>ticul>s ( ! fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,pagans4 #c;d4 ,x c be prov$ t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 transmitt$ to ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t1 :i* !y accept$ full & entire1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 nor f ! ,jews3-- ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome does n hold ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 = ?is doctr9e implies a blasphemy--:e!r ,jesus ,*ri/ be consid]$ z be+ ,god himself--& all ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es hold t he is ,god himself--& :e!r ,jesus ,*ri/ be consid]$ z be+ only ! ,son ( ,god4 ,b ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t implies a blasphemy1 :e!r ,jesus ,*ri/ be consid]$ z be+ ,god himself1 & :e!r he be consid]$ z be+ only ! ,son ( ,god4 ,fir/1 x implies a blasphemy1 if ,jesus ,*ri/ is consid]$ z be+ ,god himself4 ,jesus ,*ri/1 be+ ,god himself1 w\ld necess>ily "k all ! good & bad actions done by ! s\ls1 :ile !y animate _! respective bodies on e>?1 9 consequ5ce x is an insult to 8 attribute ( wisdom1 & !reby a blasphemy1 to say t ! gu>dian angels ( ! s\ls1 z !y br+ !m to 8 tribunal1 in=m him ( _! good & bad actions1 :i* !y h record$4 ,ev5 9 ! case ( ^? ( ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 :i* reject ! circum/ance ( ! gu>dian angels1 ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t implies an insult to ! wisdom ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 79 _! op9ion ,god himself71 & !reby a blasphemy2 = a judgm5t supposes a trial2 a trial supposes an inve/igation2 an inve/igation supposes ! ignorance ( ! de$s to be pron\nc$ ^u1 & ! supposition t ,god has n a p]fect k ( ^? de$s1 is an insult to 8 wisdom1 & !reby is a blasphemy4 ,second1 ,! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t implies a blasphemy1 if ,jesus ,*ri/ is consid]$ z be+ only ! ,son ( ,god4 ,if ,god _h ve/$ ,jesus ,*ri/ ) ! p[] ( disc]n+ rew>ds & puni%m5ts to ! s\ls aft] dea?1 he w\ld h giv5 him a k ( ! good & bad actions ( ! s\ls4 ,b ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t supposes t ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! ,son ( ,god1 w\ld come to ?is k only ?r\gh ! means ( a trial1 :i* supposition is an insult to ! wisdom ( ,god1 & !reby a blasphemy4 ,!n ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t implies a blasphemy1 :e!r ,jesus ,*ri/ be consid]$ z be+ ,god himself1 & :e!r ,jesus ,*ri/ be consid]$ z be+ only ! ,son ( ,god4 ,!re=e ! ,*ur* ( ,rome does n hold ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,g5]al conclusions3-- ,x has be5 prov$ 9 ?is *apt]1 #a/1 ,t ! ,pagans believ$ 9 a fir/ judgm5t1 by a god1 imm$iately aft] ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body2 #b;d1 ,t ! p>ticul>s ( ?is fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 pres5t a /rik+ simil>ity ) ! p>ticul>s ( ! fir/ judgm5t1 believ$ 9 by ! ,pagans2 &1 #c;d1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 transmitt$ to ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es ?is doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t1 :i* !y accept$ full & entire1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 nei!r did %e hold x f ! ,jews2 = n a s+le passage c be trac$ out 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 or 9 ,josephus1 ref]r+ to a fir/ judgm5t4 ,!re=e ! orig9 ( ! doctr9e ( a fir/ judgm5t1 by ,jesus ,*ri/1 imm$iately aft] ! sep>ation ( ! s\l f ! body1 is ,pagan4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,! ,,resurrection ,,( ,,! ,,body4 ,,if x is prov$1 #a/1 ,t 9 ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 & be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 held by a l>ge numb] ( ,pagans2 #b;d1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 transmitt$ x to ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 did n hold x ei!r f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 or f ! ,jews1 x w rema9 evid5t t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ x f ! ,pagans1 & consequ5tly t its orig9 is ,pagan4 ,b x c be prov$1 #a/1 ,t 9 ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 & be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 held by a l>ge numb] ( ,pagans2 #b;d1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 transmitt$ x to ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 &1 #c;d1 ,t %e did n hold x f ! ,jews4 #a/4 ,x c be prov$ t 9 ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 & be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 held by a l>ge numb] ( ,pagans3 ,! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body _h be5 taught by ,zoroa/]4 ,all ! ,p]sians believ$ x2 & ev5 n[ ! ,p>sis1 or foll[]s ( ! religion ( ,zoroa/]1 :o live 9 ,turkey & 9 ,p]sia1 hold x4 ,x 0 also "o ( ! dogmas ( ! ,*aldeans1 & ( _m o!r ori5tal c\ntries4 ,9 ,india ! ,pagans1 n[-a-days1 believe t _! bodies w come aga9 to life1 & x is ow+ to ?is belief1 ! ,roman ,ca?olic prie/ ,b]gi] says1 t ! wives ?r[ !mselves on ! same wood piles on :i* lay ! dead bodies ( _! husb&s1 to be burnt alive1 & to come aga9 to life ) !m4 ,?is belief & practice are immemorial 9 ,india4 ,int]e/+ p>ticul>s 9 reg>d to ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection believ$ by anci5t nations1 c be read 9 ! ,fr5* "w1 ,mmoires de l',acadmie des ,inscriptions1 tome #fi1 pages #bgj1 & foll[+2 9 ! "w ( ,hyde1 on ! ,religion ( ! ,p]sians2 & also 9 ! writ+s ( ,plut>*1 article ,isis & ,osiris4 ,accord+ to ! te/imony ( ,diodore1 & ( ,h]odote1 ! ,egyptians believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis2 & x 0 an immemorial doctr9e among !m4 ,also1 _m ( !m believ$ t _! bodies w\ld come aga9 to life1 aft] a soj\rn ( "o ?\s& ye>s 9 ! grave4 ,! ,sybill9e v]ses treat ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,mu* has be5 writt5 ab\t x by ,boc*us1 9 ,sol91 *ap4 #h2 & by ,lactance1 book #g1 *ap4 #bi1 book #d1 *ap4 #ae1 #ah1 & #ai4 ,! ,/oicians1 :o 7 ! mo/ le>n$ philosoph]s ( antiquity1 & 9 ! ?ree c5turies :i* prec$$ ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & also 9 ! ?ree t foll[$1 believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis2 h[ev]1 a portion ( _! s*ool believ$ 9 ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,( ?is we are in=m$ by ,s5eca1 ,epi/4 #dj2 by ,la]ta1 book #g2 & by ,plut>*1 writ+ on ! ,resignation ( ! ,/oicians4 ,pl9y1 d]id+ ,democrite1 in=ms u t ?is philosoph] believ$ 9 ! resurrection ( ! body2 see book #g1 *ap4 #de1 :]e he says3 ,va9 is ! promise made by ,democrite t we w live aga94 ,! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is taught 9 ^! v]ses ( ,phocylides ab\t ! rema9s ( ! dead3 ,greek3 ,ou kalon h>monin analyem5 an?rpoio2 ,kai ta*a d' ek gais elpizom5 es phaos el!9 ,leipsan' apoi*om5n opiso te !oi tele?ontai4 ,translation3--,x is impi\s to disp]se ! rema9s ( man2 = ! a%es & ! bones ( ! dead w come aga9 to light1 & w become simil> to ! gods4 ,virgil speaks ( ! resurrection ( ! body1 ?\gh 9 an obscure mann]1 9 ! six? book ( 8 poem ,eneida4 ,!re=e 9 ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 & be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 held by a l>ge numb] ( ,pagans4 #b;d4 ,x c be prov$ t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 transmitt$ ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body to ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 did n hold x f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/3-- ,x w be evid5t t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 if x c be prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,fa!rs ( ! fir/ c5turies did n agree on ?is doctr9e2 #b;d1 ,t ne>ly all ! ,*ri/ian d5om9ations ( ! fir/ two c5turies1 & ! majority1 to say ! lea/1 ( ^? ( ! c5tury foll[+1 disbeliev$ x2 &1 #c;d1 ,t ?is doctr9e is irrational4 ,b x c be prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,fa!rs ( ! fir/ c5turies did n agree ab\t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body2 #b;d1 ,t ne>ly all ! ,*ri/ian d5om9ations ( ! fir/ two c5turies1 & ! majority1 to say ! lea/1 ( ! c5tury foll[+1 disbeliev$ x2 &1 #c;d1 ,t ?is doctr9e is irrational4 #a/4 ,x c be prov$ t ! ,fa!rs ( ! fir/ c5turies did n agree ab\t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,tatian believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis1 b n 9 ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nysse d5i$ t !re 0 any?+ corporeal 9 ! p]son ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 s9ce ! "t he asc5d$ to ! heav5s4 ,orig5 admitt$ ! resurrection ( ! bodies1 b n t ( ! fle%4 ,synesius1 bi%op ( ,ptolemada1 9 8 ,s]ies ( ,epi/les1 decl>es t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is a my/]y1 ^: solution ought to be kept secret1 & consid]$ z sacr$3 t x is well to tea* x to ! p2 & t he1 ! bi%op1 w\ld publicly pr(ess & prea* ?is doctr9e1 ?\gh x is n 8 p]sonal belief4 ,if ! read] desires to f9d l5g?i] p>ticul>s1 ab\t ! div]g5cy ( ! op9ions ( ! ,fa!rs conc]n+ ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body1 we ref] him to ! "w ( ,beausobre1 head$1 ,hi/ory ( ,mani*eanism1 tome #b1 book #h1 *ap4 #e1 ,no4 #c1 & foll[+4 ,!re=e ! ,fa!rs ( ! fir/ c5turies did n agree ab\t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 #b;d4 ,x c be prov$ t ne>ly all ! ,*ri/ian sects1 or d5om9ations1 ( ! fir/ two c5turies1 & ! majority1 to say ! lea/1 ( ^? ( ! c5tury foll[+1 disbeliev$ ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body3---- ,accord+ to ! unanim\s te/imony ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic au?ors !mselves1 ,b]gi]1 ,fell]1 ,fleury1 etc41 etc41 ! foll[+ ,*ri/ian sects ( ! fir/ ?ree c5turies held ! dogma ( ,metempsy*osis3 ,! ,basilidians1 ! ,b>desani/s1 ! ,b>ules1 ! ,b>borians1 ! ,val5t9ians1 ! ,m>cionites1 ! ,m>cosians1 ! ,!odotians1 ! ,artemonians1 ! ,c>pocratians1 ! ,docetes1 ! ,tatiani/s1 ! ,apellites1 ! ,montani/s1 ! ,artotyrites1 ! ,sev]ians1 ! ,ascites1 ! ,ascodrutes1 ! ,ophites1 ! ,ca9ites1 ! ,se?ians1 ! ,h]mog5ians1 ! ,h]mians1 ! ,valesians1 ! ,hi]acites1 ! ,samosatians1 & ! ,mani*eans3 ?is latt] sect1 ,ca?olic au?ors say1 7 subdivid$ into m ?an sixty sects1 :i* pr(ess$1 ea* "o ( !m1 to believe 9 ,metempsy*osis4 ,! same au?ors add1 t _m ( ! o!r sects nam$ above d5i$ ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,?\gh !y d n say s ( all1 we may safely affirm t e "o ( ! above nam$ ,*ri/ian sects disbeliev$ ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,?is we demon/rate ?us3-- ,accord+ to ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis1 :51 at dea?1 a s\l sep>ates f ! body1 %e passes into ano!r body to animate x2 & to ?us expiate1 by _m & successive transmigrations1 ! faults %e has committ$ 9 an ant]ior exi/5ce1 & s cont9ually4 ,b ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body tea*es t ! same s\l :i* animat$ x 9 its prior exi/5ce1 %all animate x anew :5 x w come aga9 to life4 ,h[ c !n ?is same s\l animate ?is same body1 & at ! same "t ! ?\s&s ( o!r human bodies1 :i* %e _h also animat$ 9 h] v>i\s transmigrations8 ,!re=e ! belief ( ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis necess>ily implies a disbelief ( ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,consequ5tly1 al?\gh ! ,roman ,ca?olic au?ors d n positively /ate t all ! above nam$ ,*ri/ian sects disbeliev$ ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body1 we may safely affirm1 f ! fact t !y held ! doctr9e ( ,metempsy*osis1 t !y disbeliev$ ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,!re=e ne>ly all ! ,*ri/ian sects1 or d5om9ations1 ( ! fir/ two c5turies1 & ! majority1 to say ! lea/1 ( ^? ( ! c5tury foll[+1 disbeliev$ ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 #c;d4 ,x c be prov$ t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is irrational4 ,all ! reasons :i* h be5 br\ght =? by ,/4 ,cyrille1 bi%op ( ,j]usalem1 9 8 ,cate*ism1 page #ah2 by ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nysse1 9 8 oratio on ! ,resurrection ( ! ,fle%2 by ,/4 ,augu/9e1 9 8 ,city ( ,god1 book #bj2 by ,/4 ,*ryso/ome1 9 8 homily on ! ,resurrection ( ! ,fle%2 by ,t]tullian1 9 8 treatise on ! ,resurrection ( ! ,fle%2 by ,/4 ,gregory1 ! ,pope1 9 8 ,f\r? ,dialogue2 by ,/4 ,ambrosius1 9 8 s]mon on ! ,fai? ( ! ,resurrection ( ! ,fle%2 & by ,/4 ,epiphane1 ,ancyrot1 page #ch1 c be summ$ up z foll[s3-- ,god himself has =m$ ) 8 own h&s man's body2 he has animat$ x ) ! brea? ( 8 own m\?1 & has plac$ )9 x a s\l made to 8 lik5ess4 ,! fle% ( ! ,*ri/ian is1 9 "s mann]1 associat$ to all ! functions ( its s\l1 & is ! in/rum5t ( all ! graces ( ,god4 ,x is ! body t is wa%$ by baptism to purify ! s\l1 x is ! body t 9 ord] to fe$ ! s\l receives ! ,eu*>i/2 x is ! body t is immolat$ to ,god by mortifications1 by fa/s1 by vigils1 by virg9ity1 & by m>tyrdom4 ,?us ,/4 ,paul rem9ds t our bodies are ! memb]s ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ! temples ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,w\ld ,god leave 9 ! grave =ev] ! "w ( 8 own h&s1 ! ma/]-piece ( 8 might1 ! depository ( 8 brea?1 ! k+ ( ! o!r bodies1 ! canal ( 8 graces1 & ! victim ( 8 wor%ip8 ,if ,god has condemn$ ! body to dea? z a puni%m5t = s91 ,jesus ,*ri/ came to save all t 0 lo/4 ,)\t ?is complete rep>ation1 we w\ld n "k h[ f> ! goodness1 ! m]cy1 & ! p>5tal t5d]ness ( our ,god1 ext5d4 ,! fle% ( man1 re/or$ by inc>nation to its =m] dignity1 ought to come aga9 to life1 z well z t ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,is n he :o creat$ ! fle% mighty en\gh to br+ x aga9 to life8 ,no?+ entirely p]i%es 9 nature3 =ms *ange1 b all r5ews itself1 & seems to gr[ "y aga92 ,god has /amp$ immortality ^u all 8 works4 ,night foll[s ! day1 eclips$ />s appe> anew2 ! spr+ makes u =get ! w9t]2 plants gr[ aga91 & resume _! hues & p]fumes2 & sev]al animals :i* seem to die receive a new life4 ,?us1 by ! lessons ( nature1 ,god has prep>$ ! lessons ( ! revelation2 & he has %[n u ! image ( ! resurrection1 be=e %[+ u its reality4 ,god's ju/ice dem&s ! resurrection ( our body4 ,god ought to judge1 to rew>d1 or to puni% ! :ole man4 ,! body is ! in/rum5t ( ! s\l = good or = evil2 ev5 ! ?\ghts ( ! s\l are reflect$ on man's face4 ,! s\l _c exp]i5ce pleasure or pa9 )\t ! co-p>ticipation ( ! body1 & ! pr9cipal ex]cise ( virtue consi/s 9 ! repression ( ! desires ( ! fle%4 ,!n x is j t ! s\l ( ! wick$ be torm5t$1 by be+ reunit$ to ! same body :i* has be5 ! in/rum5t ( h] crimes2 & t ! s\l ( ! sa9ts be rew>d$1 by h] et]nal reunion to a body :i* has be5 ! in/rum5t ( h] m]its4 ,all ^! reasons c be g5]aliz$ ?us3 ,man's body has be5 ! in/rum5t ( our s\l to d good or evil4 ,!n ! ju/ice ( ,god requires t man's body come aga9 to life1 to %>e1 ) its s\l1 et]nal rew>d1 or et]nal puni%m5t4 ,we answ]3 ,s9ce man's body is b ! in/rum5t ( our s\l to d good or evil1 8 body is capable nei!r ( m]it nor ( dem]it4 ,b1 s9ce man's body is capable nei!r ( m]it nor ( dem]it1 x is capable nei!r ( rew>d nor ( puni%m5t4 ,!re=e ! ju/ice ( ,god does n require t man's body come aga9 to life1 to %>e1 ) its s\l1 et]nal rew>d or et]nal puni%m5t4 ,m1 x is irrational t ! same p>ticles ( matt] be1 at ! same "t1 9 _m places4 ,b ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body supposes t ! same p>ticles ( matt] w be1 at ! same "t1 9 _m places4 ,?is we prove3 ,! cannibals live ^u man's fle%2 & !y assimilate to _! own bodies ! p>ticles ( fle% :i* compose ! bodies ( ! m5 !y dev\r4 ,consequ5tly1 at ! resurrection ( ! bodies1 ^! p>ticles ( fle% w compose ! bodies ( ! cannibals1 &1 at ! same "t1 ! bodies ( ! m5 !y h dev\r$4 ,!re=e1 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body supposes1 t ! same p>ticles ( matt] w be1 at ! same "t1 9 _m places4 ,besides1 :51 aft] dea?1 man's body putrefies1 ! p>ticles ( fle%1 ( :i* x is compos$1 dissolve into gases1 :i* ! plants conv]t to _! own nature4 ,^? vegetables & fruits1 ?\s&s ( m5 eat2 & ?us !y assimilate to !mselves ^? same p>ticles1 :i* =m]ly compos$ ! bodies ( o!r m54 ,consequ5tly1 at ! resurrection ( ! bodies1 ^? p>ticles w compose a multitude ( bodies4 ,!re=e1 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body supposes1 t ! same p>ticles ( matt] w be1 at ! same "t1 9 _m places4 ,!n ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is irrational4 ,objection4--,jesus ,*ri/ came aga9 to life ) a spiritual body4 ,!n ^! pro(s d n demon/rate t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is irrational4 ,answ]4--,jesus ,*ri/ came aga9 to life ) a spiritual body2 ?is we conc$e4 ,!n ^! pro(s d n demon/rate t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is irrational4 ,?is we d5y2 = x is an article ( fai? 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome2 & x is ne>ly unanim\sly believ$ by all ! o!r ,p>tiali/ ,*ur*es1 t ! bodies ( ! righte\s alone w be spiritual bodies2 & t ! bodies ( ! wick$ w be aft] ! resurrection1 z !y 7 :ile on e>?4 ,consequ5tly1 x does n foll[1 f ! fact t ,jesus ,*ri/ came aga9 to life ) a spiritual body1 t ! above pro(s d n demon/rate t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is irrational4 ,rem>k4--,! ,p>tiali/s quote passages ( ! ,scriptures to prove ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,we %all n discuss ! true mean+ ( ^? passages2 = su* a discussion does n ent] 9 ! plan ( ?is "w1 :i* is exclusively int5d$ to prove hi/orically ! true orig9 ( ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es4 ,h[ev]1 9 reg>d to ^? texts we say3 ,x w\ld be a blasphemy aga9/ ,god to suppose t ! ,scriptures tea* u an irrational doctr9e4 ,b1 z demon/rat$ above1 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is irrational4 ,!n ! ,scriptures d n tea* x4 ,!n ^? texts ought n to be und]/ood ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 #c;d4 ,x c be prov$ t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body f ! ,jews4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold f ! ,jews ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body1 if1 #a/1 ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians d n hold t ?is doctr9e is taught 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 #b;d1 ,if ?is doctr9e 0 traditional only among ! illit]ate portion ( ! ,jewi% nation2 &1 #c;d1 ,if ?is tradition 0 n ( an anci5t & national orig94 ,b1 #a/1 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians d n hold t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is taught 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 #b;d1 ,?is doctr9e 0 traditional only among ! illit]ate portion ( ! ,jewi% nation2 &1 #c;d1 ,?is tradition 0 n ( an anci5t & national orig94 #a/1 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians d n hold t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is taught 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians d n pret5d t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is taught 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 !y only ass]t t x may be t x is taught !re94 ,b]gi]1 :o is _! organ1 & ^: works1 writt5 9 ! la/ c5tury1 71 & /ill n[ are1 classical among ! prie/s1 writes--,article1 ,resurrection ( ! ,body1 page #aei3--,we presume t ,job1 ,daniel1 & ! sev5 ,maccabean bro!rs1 _h "s k ( ?is ess5tial dogma4 ,consequ5tly ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians d n hold t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is taught 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 #b;d1 ,! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 traditional only among ! illit]ate portion ( ! ,jewi% nation4 ,josephus /ates1 9 8 ,antiq4 ,jud41 book #ah1 *4 #b2 & 9 8 ,de ,bello ,judaico1 book #b1 *4 #g1 al4 *4 #ab1 t ! ,sadducees 7 ! lit]ate portion ( ! ,jewi% p2 t !y held ne>ly all ! public (fices2 t !y 7 well educat$1 c\rte\s1 & t !y avoid$ public discussions & controv]sies on ! subject ( religion4 ,he /ates also t !y disbeliev$ ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,!re=e ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 traditional only among ! illit]ate portion ( ! ,jewi% nation4 #c;d1 ,! tradition ( ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 n ( an anci5t & national orig94 ,9 ! ye> #ehg be=e ! ,*ri/ian era1 9 ! second ye> ( ! reign ( ,s$ecias1 ,j]usalem 0 besieg$1 tak51 de/roy$2 ,s$ecias & ! :ole nation 7 l$ captives to ,babylon4 ,!re !y 7 deta9$ sev5ty ye>s1 until ,cyrus p]mitt$ !m to return to _! own c\ntry4 ,dur+ ^? sev5ty ye>s ( captivity1 ! ,jewi% p borr[$ f ! ,pagans _m religi\s practices1 c]emonies1 rites1 & doctr9es--?is is ! te/imony ( ,josephus--& among !m ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body1 :i*1 z has be5 prov$ be=e1 0 believ$ by a l>ge numb] ( ,pagans4 ,:5 ! p return$ f ,babylon to ,j]usalem a portion ( !m pres]v$ "s ( ^? religi\s practices1 c]emonies1 rites1 & doctr9es1 & reject$ ! o!rs4 ,^? :i* !y pres]v$ !y transmitt$ to _! po/]ity1 & among !m 0 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,!re=e ! tradition ( ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 n ( an anci5t & national orig94 ,we h prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians d n hold t ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is taught 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t2 #b;d1 ,t ?is doctr9e 0 traditional only among ! illit]ate portion ( ! ,jewi% nation2 &1 #c;d1 ,t ?is tradition 0 n ( an anci5t & national orig94 ,!re=e1 #c;d1 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold f ! ,jews ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,we come n[ to ! g5]al conclusions ( ?is *apt]4 ,x has be5 prov$1 #a/1 t 9 ! fir/ c5turies ( ! ,*ri/ian era1 & be=e ! com+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body 0 held by a l>ge numb] ( ,pagans2 #b;d1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 :i*1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 transmitt$ x to ! n[ self-call$ ,or?odox ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 did n hold x ei!r f ! ,apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/ or f ! ,jews4 ,!re=e ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ f ! ,pagans ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,!re=e ! orig9 ( ! doctr9e ( ! resurrection ( ! body is ,pagan4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,a ,,g5]al ,,judgm5t ,,at ,,! ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,_w4 ,,! ,*ur* ( ,rome & ! o!r ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es pr(ess to believe t1 at ! end ( ! _w1 a g5]al judgm5t ( all ! !n liv+1 & ( all ! dead1 %all take place4 ,:51 9 ! sixte5? c5tury1 ! great ,prote/ant scission took place1 ! new ,*ur*es =m$ pres]v$ ?is doctr9e ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 ) only accessory modifications2 & s9ce t "t !y h pr(ess$ x2 ev5 n[-a-days !y cl+ to x4 ,we %all prove 9 ?is *apt] t ! orig9 ( ?is doctr9e is ,pagan4 ,! orig9 ( ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t ( all ! !n liv+ & ( all ! dead1 :i* %all take place at ! end ( ! _w1 is ,pagan1 #a/1 ,if ! ,pagans held ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t ( all ! !n liv+ & ( all ! dead1 :i* %all take place at ! end ( ! _w2 #b;d1 ,if !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! p>ticul>s ( ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,pagans1 & ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 & by ! o!r ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es2 #c;d1 ,if ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 &1 #d?1 ,if ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ?is doctr9e f ! ,jews4 ,b1 #a/1 ,! ,pagans held ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t ( all ! !n liv+ & ( all ! dead1 :i* %all take place at ! end ( ! _w2 #b;d1 ,!re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! p>ticul>ities ( ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,pagans1 & ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome2 #c;d1 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 &1 #d?1 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ?is doctr9e f ! ,jews4 ,^! f\r heads ( que/ions we are to successively prove4 #a/1 ,we prove t ! ,pagans held ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t ( all ! !n liv+ & ( all ! dead1 :i* %all take place at ! end ( ! _w4 ,plato1 & o!r philosoph]s & writ]s ( ! ,pagans1 taught t a solemn g5]al judgm5t ( ! dead 0 to decide _! fate4 ,m9os sat on a ?rone1 & %ook ! fatal urn4 ,by 8 side 7 ! av5g+ furies1 & a ho/ ( evil spirits1 execution]s ( ! s5t5ces ( ,m9os4 ,eacus1 ,rhadamante1 & ,triptolem1 7 8 assi/ant judges4 ,ev5 n[ ! ,indians believe t ,zomo w judge ! _w2 s ! ,japanese4 ,! ,lamas ascribe ?is p[] to ,erlik-kan4 ,at ! s\nd ( a trumpet ! e>? 0 to deliv] up h] dead to be judg$4 ,x 0 to be de/roy$ by fire aft] a great commotion ( ! cele/ial sph]es1 & fe>s ( ! !n liv+ mortals4 ,! s\ls1 at ! s\nd ( a trumpet1 assembl$ 9 a va/ mead[1 adorn$ ) asphodels1 :]e ,m9os sat on 8 ?rone4 ,! dead 7 l$ to 8 r$\btable tribunal by _! respective gu>dian angels1 :o _h accompani$ !m dur+ _! :ole life2 wat*$ ov] _! conduct2 & _h kept a record ( all !y _h done1 "r or wrong4 ,?is mead[1 :]e ! dead 7 to be judg$1 0 call$ ! field ( tru?1 because !re ! :ole tru? ab\t ! pa/ do+s ( ! dead 0 made kn[n1 & no crime c\ld escape ! k & ju/ice ( ! great judge4 ,! dead1 once assembl$1 7 divid$ into ?ree classes4 ,! fir/ class 0 compos$ ( ^? :o _h be5 virtu\s on e>?3 !y 7 ! smalle/ numb]4 ,! second class 0 compos$ ( ^? :o 7 guilty ( great crimes2 & ! ?ird class1 ( ^? :o _h be5 nei!r virtu\s nor great crim9als4 ,?is triple division1 :i* we naturally f9d 9 society1 0 taught by ,plato 9 8 ,phd1 a "w 9 :i*1 writ+ ab\t ! judgm5t ( ! dead1 he divides !m z said be=e4 ,?is same division we also f9d 9 ,plut>*1 treat+ ! same subject1 & diss]t+1 9 8 answ] to ! ,epicureans1 ab\t ! /ate ( ! dead to be judg$4 ,m9os us$ ?ree books 9 judg+ ! dead2 ! fir/ 0 call$ book ( life1 x 0 us$ = ! righte\s3 ! second 0 call$ book ( dea?2 x 0 us$ = ! great crim9als3 ! ?ird book 0 us$ = ^? :o _h be5 nei!r righte\s nor great crim9als4 ,! judge pron\nc$ ! s5t5ce only aft] ! sev]e/ exam9ation ( ! virtues & crimes ( e "o ( ! dead2 & he affix$ a seal on _! =ehead z he judg$ !m4 ,social laws & duties 7 ! p>ticul> subjects ( 8 judgm5ts4 ,he amply rew>d$ social virtues1 & sev]ely puni%$ social vices4 ,among ! ,greeks & ! ,romans1 ?is great prie/ly fiction 0 int5d$ = ! ma9t5ance ( laws2 = /imulat+ patriotism1 national & social virtues by ! hope ( ! rew>ds ( ! ,elysium2 & also to *eck crime & vice 9 society1 by ! fe> ( t]rible suff]+s 9 ! ,t>t>us4 ,7 s5t5c$ to ! ,t>t>us all ^? :o _h conspir$ aga9/ ! ,/ate1 or fo/]$ a conspiration2 ^? :o _h be5 brib$2 ^? :o _h deliv]$ up a city to ! enemy2 ^? :o _h provid$ ! foes ( ! c\ntry ) weapons1 vessels1 provisions1 etc42 ^? :o _h contriv$ to enslave _! fell[-citiz5s1 or _h tyranniz$ ov] !m1 etc4 ,?is la/ dogma _h be5 add$ to ! o!rs by ! free ,/ates4 ,aft]w>ds1 philosophy turn$ ^! fictions aga9/ despotism itself1 :i* _h inv5t$ !m4 ,plato plac$ 9 ! ,t>t>us f]oci\s tyrants1 su* z ,ardiee ( ,pamphylia1 :o _h murd]$ 8 bro!r1 8 fa!r1 & _h committ$ _m o!r crimes4 ,! s\l pres]v$ aft] dea? all h] /a9s1 & 0 s5t5c$ accord+ly4 ,plato repres5t$ ! s\ls ( ! k+s1 & ( o!r rul]s1 z be+ ! mo/ /a9$4 ,tantalus1 ,tityus1 & ,sisiphus1 :o _h be5 k+s1 7 ! greate/ crim9als1 & endur$ 9 ! ,t>t>us ! mo/ excruciat+ pa9s4 ,h[ev]1 k+s did n believe ^? fictions1 & 7 n re/ra9$ f oppress+ ! p4 ,virgil enum]ates ! pr9cipal crimes :i* div9e ju/ice puni%$ 9 ! ,t>t>us4 ,he repres5ts1 "h1 a bro!r :o f hatr$ has sla9 8 bro!r2 a son :o has ill-treat$ 8 fa!r2 a man :o has deceiv$ 8 patrons2 an av>ici\s man1 an egoti/1 & a selfi% man2 !re1 are se5 an adult]]1 an unfai?ful s]vant1 & a citiz5 :o ei!r wag$ w> aga9/ 8 fell[ citiz5s1 or sold 8 c\ntry = gold1 or 0 brib$ = ! enactm5t ( unju/ laws4 ,f>!r are se5 an ince/u\s fa!r1 & wives :o h murd]$ _! husb&s4 ,x is to be rem>k$ t ! au?ors1 or orig9ators ( ^! fictions1 pron\nc$ pa9s only aga9/ crimes :i* might h injur$ society1 ^: progress & happ9ess 0 "o ( ! great ends ( ! initiation to ! my/]ies ( ,eleusis & o!rs4 ,9 ! ,t>t>us ,m9os puni%$ ! same crimes :i* he w\ld h puni%$ on e>? accord+ to ! wise laws ( ! ,cret5ses1 suppos+ t he _h 9 reality reign$ ov] !m4 ,if crimes aga9/ religion 7 to be puni%$ 9 ! ,t>t>us1 x 0 because religion1 be+ consid]$ z a duty1 & z ! pr9cipal bond ( society1 x necess>ily foll[$ t irreligion 0 to be "o ( ! greate/ crimes1 :i* 0 to be av5g$ by ! gods4 ,h5ce ! p 7 taught t ! great crime ( _m ( ! fam\s crim9als1 tortur$ 9 ! ,t>t>us1 0 _! disrespect = ! my/]ies ( ,eleusis2 t ! great crime ( ,salmone 0 to h tri$ to imitate ,jove's ?und]2 & t ! great crime ( ,ixion1 ( ,orion1 & ( ,tityus1 0 to h violat$ goddesses4 ,! fiction ( ! ,elysium 0 direct$ to ! same moral & political aim4 ,virgil places 9 ! ,elysium ! h]oes :o laid d[n _! lives = ! def5se ( _! c\ntry2 also ! inv5tors ( arts1 & all ^? :o h be5 useful to _! fell[ m51 & h a title to _! gratitude4 ,x 0 to /r5g!n ?is idea t apo!osis 0 in/itut$2 h5ce x 0 taught 9 ! my/]ies t ,h]cules1 ,bac*us1 & ! ,dioscores 7 b m51 :o1 by _! virtues & _! s]vices _h obta9$ immortality4 ,aft]w>ds ! ,romans plac$ ,scipio 9 ! ,elysium4 ,cic]o ascrib$ a high /ation 9 ! ,elysium to ! true patriots2 to ! fri5ds ( ju/ice2 to good sons2 to good p>5ts2 & to good citiz5s4 ,9 ! ,elysium1 z ,plato describ$ x1 k9dness & ju/ice 7 rew>d$3 !re ! true patriot1 ! mode/ & j ,ari/ides1 _h be5 admitt$4 ,to ?is div9e recomp5se piety1 eag]ness 9 seek+ = tru?1 & love to x1 7 ! sure/ titles4 ,:5 ! dead _h be5 judg$ ^? :o _h be5 pron\nc$ wor?y ( ! ,elysium pass$ to ! "r h& side1 & 7 l$ to ! ,elysium1 e "o by 8 gu>dian angel4 ,^? :o _h be5 s5t5c$ to ! ,t>t>us pass$ to ! left h& side1 & 7 dragg$ !reto1 ea* "o by ! evil g5ius t beguil$ him :ile on e>?4 ,onw>d !y 7 driv51 c>ry+ on _! back _! s5t5ce ( condemnation1 & ! enum]ation ( all _! crimes4 ,^? ^: vices 7 curable 7 to be releas$ aft] due expiation & re=m4 ,accord+ to ,plato1 ! dead :o h be5 guilty ( murd]1 sacrilege1 & o!r enorm\s crimes1 %all be endlessly mis]able 9 ! ,t>t>us4 ,^? ^: crimes h n be5 s great %all be deta9$ !re9 = a ye>2 &1 at ! expiration ( ?is "t !y w be br\ght out1 ne> ! m>% ( ,a*]on1 by ! wat]s ( ! ,cocyte1 & ( ! ,pyriphlegeton riv]s4 ,!n !y %all humbly beg p>don f ^? !y h wrong$2 &1 if !y obta9 x1 !y %all be releas$2 if n !y %all be tak5 back to ! ,t>t>us on ! riv]s4 ,virgil also speaks ( t /ate ( expiation & purification ( ! s\ls ( ! dead4 ,!re=e ! ,pagans held ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t ( all ! !n liv+1 & ( all ! dead1 :i* %all take place at ! end ( ! _w4 #b;d4 ,we prove t !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! p>ticul>ities ( ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,pagans1 & ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 imm$iately be=e ! end ( ! _w1 !re w\ld be mighty & frightful signs 9 ! heav5s2 & t ! !n liv+ mortals w\ld be /ruck ) t]ror3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t1 at ! end ( ! _w1 ! columns ( ! heav5s w be %ak52 t ! signs on high w be s frightful t ! !n liv+ m5 w be appall$3 also !re w be fam9e1 pe/il5ce1 w> & murd]s ov] ! :ole e>?4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 at ! s\nd ( a trumpet1 ! e>? w\ld deliv] up h] dead to be judg$3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t f\r angels w s\nd a trumpet2 & t1 :5 ! f\r trumpets w res\nd ov] ! e>?1 all ! dead1 :o _h be5 buri$ ei!r 9 ! sea or 9 ! e>?1 w come aga9 to life to be judg$4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t g5iuses w\ld =ce m5 to ! place ( judgm5t3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t angels w ga!r1 f ! f\r c>d9al po9ts ( ! e>?1 ! multitude ( m5 to ! place ( judgm5t4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t m5 w\ld be judg$ 9 a mead[ cov]$ ) a/ophels3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! g5]al judgm5t w take place 9 ! valley ( ,josaphat4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 9 ! mead[1 a ?rone w\ld be erect$1 on :i* ,m9os1 ! great judge1 w\ld sit3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! great judge1 w desc5d f heav5 on cl\ds1 & w sit on a ?rone erect$ 9 ! valley ( ,josaphat4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 ne> to ! ?rone ( ,m9os1 ,eacus1 ,rhadamante & ,triptolem1 8 assi/ant judges1 & good g5iuses1 or spirits1 w\ld /&3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes1 t1 ne> to ! ?rone ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 good angels w /&4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 ne> to ! ?rone ( ,m9os1 w\ld /& av5g+ furies1 & a ho/ ( evil spirits1 execution]s ( ! s5t5ces ( ,m9os aga9/ ! wick$3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t !re w be1 at "s di/ance f ! ?rone ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 a ho/ ( devils1 execution]s ( ! s5t5ces ( ,jesus ,*ri/ aga9/ ! wick$4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ea* man 0 l$ to ! r$\btable tribunal ( ,m9os by ! gu>dian _s1 :o _h accompani$ him dur+ 8 :ole life on e>?3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ea* man w be l$ to ! r$\btable tribunal ( ,jesus ,*ri/ by ! gu>dian angel :o has accompani$ him dur+ 8 :ole life on e>?4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ,m9os us$ ?ree books 9 8 judgm5ts3 ! fir/ call$ book ( life1 = ! righte\s2 ! second call$ book ( dea?1 = ! great crim9als2 & ! ?ird = ^? :o _h be5 nei!r righte\s nor great crim9als3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ,jesus ,*ri/ w use two books3 ! "o call$ book ( life1 = ! righte\s2 & ! o!r call$ book ( dea?1 = ! wick$4 ,rem>k4--,! ,*ur* ( ,rome does n hold t1 at ! g5]al judgm5t1 ,jesus ,*ri/ w use ! ?ird book2 b holds t1 9 ! fir/ judgm5t1 he uses x = ^? ( ! dead :o h be5 nei!r righte\s nor great crim9als1 & :o !reby %all be s5t5c$ to ,purgatory1 :i* %all f9i% at ! end ( ! _w4 ,apropos ( ?is limitation ( ! duration ( ,purgatory1 we might cursorily say t ?is re/riction has be5 wisely made by ! f>-sight$ m9i/]s ( ! ,*ur*2 = z1 aft] ! g5]al judgm5t1 !y w\ld be no long] on e>?1 !y c\ld n say masses & o!r pray]s1 = ! deliv]ance ( ! s\ls deta9$ 9 ,purgatory2 & ?us x w\ld be q useless to make ! torm5ts ( ,purgatory la/ any long]4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! gu>dian _s ( ea* man1 :o _h accompani$ him ?r\gh life1 & _h kept a record ( all 8 good & bad actions1 w\ld te/ify to ,m9os 9 8 favor1 or aga9/ him3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! gu>dian angel ( ea* man1 :o has accompani$ him ?r\gh life1 & has kept a record ( all 8 good & bad actions1 w te/ify to ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 8 favor1 or aga9/ him4 ,! ,pagans call$ ! mead[ ( ! g5]al judgm5t1 ! field ( ! tru?3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome calls ! valley ( ,josaphat1 ! valley ( ! tru?4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! crimes = :i* ,m9os 0 to inflict ! sev]e/ puni%m5t 7 ^? aga9/ religion1 aga9/ its hi]ophants1 & aga9/ o!r m9i/]s3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! crimes = :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ is to inflict ! sev]e/ puni%m5t1 are ^? aga9/ ! ,*ur*1 aga9/ its ,pope1 aga9/ its bi%ops & its prie/s4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! neglect or omission ( lu/rations1 & o!r practices & tea*+s ( ! prie/s1 w\ld be sev]ely puni%$ by ,m9os3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! neglect or omission ( ! practices1 c]emonies1 & o!r prescriptions ( ! prie/s1 w be sev]ely puni%$ by ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ^? f\nd righte\s w\ld be plac$ at ! "r h& side ( ,m9os1 b ! wick$ at 8 left h& side3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! righte\s w be plac$ at ! "r h& side ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 b ! wick$ at 8 left h& side4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! righte\s w\ld be de/9$1 by ,m9os1 to et]nal bliss 9 ! ,elysium2 b t ! wick$ w\ld be s5t5c$1 by ,m9os1 to endless mis]y 9 ! ,t>t>us3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! righte\s w be de/9$1 by ,jesus ,*ri/1 to et]nal bliss 9 ,p>adise2 b t ! wick$ w be s5t5c$1 by ,jesus ,*ri/1 to endless mis]y4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! wick$ w\ld c>ry on _! back _! s5t5ce ( condemnation1 & ! enum]ation ( all _! crimes3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! wick$ w c>ry on _! back _! s5t5ce ( condemnation1 & ! enum]ation ( all _! crimes4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! gu>dian spirits ( ! righte\s w\ld lead !m to ! ,elysium3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! angels ( ! ,"l w lead !m to heav51 9 a procession prec$$ by ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ,furies1 & o!r evil spirits1 w\ld drag ! wick$ to ! ,t>t>us3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! devils w drive1 ) :ips1 ! wick$ to hell4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t1 aft] ! g5]al judgm5t1 ! e>? w\ld be de/roy$ by fire3 likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! e>? w be de/roy$ by fire1 & t !n w ! _w end4 ,!re=e !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! p>ticul>ities ( ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,pagans1 & ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t z held by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 #c;d4 ,we prove t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 #a/1 ,if ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians did n und]/& ! #bd? *apt] ( ,mat!w1 & ! la/ sixte5 v]ses ( ! #be?2 ! #bd?1 #be?1 #bf?1 & #bg? v]ses ( ! #ac? *apt] 9 ,m>k1 & also ! #be?1 #bf?1 #bg?1 & #bh? v]ses ( ! #ba/ *apt] 9 ,luke1 z mean+ a g5]al judgm5t2 #b;d1 ,if ne>ly all ! ,*ri/ian sects1 or d5om9ations1 ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies1 did n believe ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t2 &1 #c;d1 ,if ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t is irrational4 ,b1 #a/1 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians did n und]/& ! #bd? *apt] ( ,mat!w1 & ! la/ sixte5 v]ses ( ! #be?2 ! #bd?1 #be?1 #bf?1 & #bg? v]ses ( ! #ac? *apt] 9 ,m>k2 & also ! #be?1 #bf?1 #bg?1 & #bh? v]ses ( ! #ba/ *apt] 9 ,luke1 z mean+ a g5]al judgm5t2 #b;d1 ,ne>ly all ! ,*ri/ian sects1 or d5om9ations1 ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies1 did n believe ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t2 &1 #c;d1 ,! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t is irrational4 #a/4 ,we prove t ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians did n und]/& ! #bd? *apt] ( ,mat!w1 & ! la/ sixte5 v]ses ( ! #be?2 ! #bd?1 #be?1 #bf?1 & #bg? v]ses ( ! #ac? *apt] 9 ,m>k2 & also ! #be?1 #bf?1 #bg?1 & #bh? v]ses ( ! #ba/ *apt] 9 ,luke1 z mean+ a g5]al judgm5t4 ,rem>k4--,to save ! read] ! tr\ble ( ref]r+ to 8 ,bible1 we ins]t "h ! above passages ( ! ,gospel1 :i* ! ,p>tiali/s suppose to tea* ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t4 ,mat!w1 *ap4 #bd4-a4 ,& ,jesus w5t out1 & dep>t$ f ! temple3 & 8 disciples came to him = to %[ him ! build+s ( ! temple4 #b4 ,& ,jesus said unto !m1 ,see ye n all ^! ?+s8 v]ily ,i say unto y1 ,!re %all n be left "h "o /one ^u ano!r1 t %all n be ?r[n d[n4 #c4 ,& z he sat ^u ! ,m\nt ( ,olives1 ! disciples came unto him privately1 say+1 ,tell u1 :5 %all ^! ?+s be8 & :at %all be ! sign ( ?y com+1 & ( ! end ( ! _w8 #d4 ,& ,jesus answ]$ & said unto !m1 ,take he$ t no man deceive y4 #e4 ,= _m %all come 9 my "n1 say+1 ,i am ,*ri/2 & %all deceive _m4 #f4 ,& ye %all he> ( w>s & rumors ( w>s3 see t ye be n tr\bl$2 = all ^! ?+s mu/ come to pass1 b ! end is n yet4 #g4 ,= nation %all rise aga9/ nation1 & k+dom aga9/ k+dom3 & !re %all be fam9es1 & pe/il5ces1 & e>?quakes1 9 div]s places4 #h4 ,all ^! are ! beg9n+ ( sorr[s4 #i4 ,!n %all !y deliv] y up to be afflict$1 & %all kill y3 & ye %all be hat$ ( all nations = my "n's sake4 #aj4 ,& !n %all _m be (f5d$1 & %all betray "o ano!r1 & %all hate "o ano!r4 #aa4 ,& _m false prophets %all rise1 & %all deceive _m4 #ab4 ,& because iniquity %all ab\nd1 ! love ( _m %all wax cold4 #ac4 ,b he t %all endure unto ! end1 ! same %all be sav$4 #ad4 ,& ?is ,gospel ( ! k+dom %all be prea*$ 9 all ! _w = a witness unto all nations2 & !n %all ! end come4 #ae4 ,:5 ye1 !re=e1 %all see ! abom9ation ( desolation1 spok5 ( by ,daniel ! prophet1 /& 9 ! holy place2 7:oso reade?1 let him und]/&27 #af4 ,!n let !m :i* be 9 ,judea flee into ! m\nta9s3 #ag4 ,let him :i* is on ! h\setop n come d[n to take any ?+ out ( 8 h\se3 #ah4 ,nei!r let him :i* is 9 ! field return back to take 8 clo!s4 #ai4 ,& wo unto !m t are ) *ild1 & to !m t give suck 9 ^? days6 #bj4 ,b pray ye t y\r flight be n 9 ! w9t]1 nei!r on ! ,sabba? day3 #ba4 ,= !n %all be great tribulation1 su* z 0 n s9ce ! beg9n+ ( ! _w to ?is "t1 no1 nor ev] %all be4 #bb4 ,& except ^? days %\ld be %ort5$1 !re %\ld no fle% be sav$3 b = ! elect's sake ^? days %all be %ort5$4 #bc4 ,!n if any man %all say unto y1 ,lo1 "h is ,*ri/1 or !re2 believe x n4 #bd4 ,= !re %all arise false ,*ri/s1 & false prophets1 & %all %[ great signs & wond]s2 insomu* t1 if x 7 possible1 !y %all deceive ! v elect4 #be4 ,behold1 ,i h told y be=e4 #bf4 ,:]e=e if !y %all say unto y1 ,behold1 he is 9 ! des]t2 g n =?3 behold1 he is 9 ! secret *amb]s2 believe x n4 #bg4 ,= z ! lightn+ come? out ( ! ea/1 & %9e? ev5 unto ! we/2 s %all also ! com+ ( ! ,son ( man be4 #bh4 ,= :]esoev] ! c>cass is1 !re w ! eagles be ga!r$ toge!r4 #bi4 ,imm$iately aft] ! tribulation ( ^? days1 %all ! sun be d>k5$1 & ! moon %all n give h] light1 & ! />s %all fall f heav51 & ! p[]s ( ! heav5s %all be %ak53 #hj4 ,& !n %all appe> ! sign ( ! ,son ( man 9 heav53 & !n %all all ! tribes ( ! e>? m\rn1 & !y %all see ! ,son ( man com+ 9 ! cl\ds ( heav5 ) p[] & great glory4 #ca4 ,& he %all s5d 8 angels ) a great s\nd ( a trumpet1 & !y %all ga!r toge!r 8 elect f ! f\r w9ds1 f "o end ( heav5 to ! o!r4 #cb4 ,n[ le>n a p>able ( ! fig-tree2 ,:5 8 bran* is yet t5d]1 & putte? =? leaves1 ye "k t summ] is nigh3 #cc4 ,s likewise ye1 :5 ye %all see all ^! ?+s1 "k t x is ne>1 ev5 at ! doors4 #cd4 ,v]ily ,i say unto y1 ,?is g5]ation %all n pass1 till all ^! ?+s be fulfill$4 #ce4 ,heav5 & e>? %all pass away1 b my words %all n pass away4 #cf4 ,b ( t day & h\r kn[e? no man1 no1 n ! angels ( heav51 b my ,fa!r only4 #cg4 ,b z ! days ( ,noah 71 s %all also ! com+ ( ! ,son ( man be4 #ch4 ,= z 9 ! days t 7 be=e ! flood1 !y 7 eat+ & dr9k+1 m>ry+ & giv+ 9 m>riage1 until ! day t ,noah ent]$ into ! ark1 #ci4 ,& knew n until ! flood came1 & took !m all away2 s %all also ! com+ ( ! ,son ( man be4 #dj4 ,!n %all two be 9 ! field2 ! "o %all be tak5 & ! o!r left4 #da4 ,two wom5 %all be gr9d+ at ! mill2 ! "o %all be tak51 & ! o!r left4 #db4 ,wat* !re=e2 = ye "k n :at h\r y\r ,"l do? come4 #dc4 ,b "k ?is1 t if ! good man ( ! h\se _h kn[n 9 :at wat* ! ?ief w\ld come1 he w\ld h wat*$1 & w\ld n h suff]$ 8 h\se to be brok5 up4 #dd4 ,!re=e be ye also ready2 = 9 su* an h\r z ye ?9k n ! ,son ( man come?4 #de4 ,:o !n is a fai?ful & wise s]vant1 :om 8 "l ha? made rul] ov] 8 h\sehold1 to give !m meat 9 due season8 #df4 ,bless$ is t s]vant1 :om 8 "l1 :5 he come?1 %all f9d s do+4 #dg4 ,v]ily ,i say unto y1 ,t he %all make him rul] ov] all 8 goods4 #dh4 ,b & if t evil s]vant %all say 9 8 he>t1 ,my "l delaye? 8 com+2 #di4 ,& %all beg9 to smite 8 fell[-s]vants1 & to eat & dr9k ) ! drunk52 #ej4 ,! "l ( t s]vant %all come 9 a day :5 he looke? n = him1 & 9 an h\r t he is n aw>e (1 #ea4 ,& %all cut him asund]1 & appo9t him 8 portion ) ! hypocrites3 !re %all be weep+ & gna%+ ( tee?4 ,mat!w1 *apt] #be4-ca4 ,:5 ! ,son ( man %all come 9 8 glory1 & all ! holy angels ) him1 !n %all he sit ^u ! ?rone ( 8 glory3 #cb4 ,& be=e him %all be ga!r$ all nations3 & he %all sep>ate !m "o f ano!r1 z a %eph]d divide? 8 %eep f ! goats3 #cc4 ,& he %all set ! %eep on 8 "r h&1 b ! goats on ! left4 #cd4 ,!n %all ! ,k+ say unto !m on 8 "r h&1 ,come1 ye bless$ ( my ,fa!r1 inh]it ! k+dom prep>$ = y f ! f\ndation ( ! _w3 #ce4 ,= ,i 0 a hung]$1 & ye gave me meat3 ,i 0 ?ir/y1 & ye gave me dr9k3 ,i 0 a /rang]1 & ye took me 93 #cf4 ,nak$1 & ye clo!d me3 ,i 0 sick1 & ye visit$ me3 ,i 0 9 prison1 & ye came unto me4 #cg4 ,!n %all ! righte\s answ] him1 say+1 ,"l1 :5 saw we !e a hung]$1 & f$ !e8 or ?ir/y1 & gave !e dr9k8 #ch4 ,:5 saw we !e a /rang]1 & took !e 98 or nak$1 & clo!d !e8 #ci4 ,or :5 saw we !e sick1 or 9 prison1 & come unto !e8 #dj4 ,& ! ,k+ %all answ] & say unto !m4 ,v]ily ,i say unto y4 ,inasmu* z ye h done x unto "o ( ! lea/ ( ^! my bre?r51 ye h done x unto me4 #da4 ,!n %all he say also unto !m on ! left h&4 ,dep>t f me1 ye curs$1 into ev]la/+ fire1 prep>$ = ! devil & 8 angels3 #db4 ,= ,i 0 a hung]$1 & ye gave me no meat3 ,i 0 ?ir/y1 & ye gave me no dr9k3 #dc4 ,i 0 a /rang]1 & ye took me n 93 nak$1 & ye clo!d me n3 sick1 & 9 prison1 & ye visit$ me n4 #dd4 ,!n %all !y also answ] him1 say+1 ,"l1 :5 saw we !e a hung]$1 or a?ir/1 or a /rang]1 or nak$1 or sick1 or 9 prison1 & did n m9i/] unto !e8 #de4 ,!n %all he answ] !m1 say+1 ,v]ily ,i say unto y1 ,inasmu* z ye did x n to "o ( ! lea/ ( ^!1 ye did x n to me4 #df4 ,& ^! %all g away into ev]la/+ puni%m5t2 b ! righte\s into life et]nal4 ,luke1 *apt] #ba4-be4 ,& !re %all be signs 9 ! sun1 & 9 ! moon1 & 9 ! />s2 & ^u ! e>? di/ress ( nations1 ) p]plexity2 ! sea & ! waves ro>+2 #bf4 ,m5's he>ts fail+ !m = fe>1 & = look+ aft] ^? ?+s :i* are com+ on ! e>?3 = ! p[]s ( heav5 %all be %ak54 #bg4 ,& !n %all !y see ! ,son ( man com+ 9 a cl\d1 ) p[] & great glory4 #bh4 ,& :5 ^! ?+s beg9 to come to pass1 !n look up1 & lift up y\r heads2 = y\r r$emption drawe? nigh4 ,m>k1 *apt] #ac4-bd4 ,b 9 ^? days1 aft] t tribulation1 ! sun %all be d>k5$1 & ! moon %all n give h] light4 #be4 ,& ! />s ( heav5 %all fall1 & ! p[]s t are 9 heav5 %all be %ak54 #bf4 ,& !n %all !y see ! ,son ( man com+ 9 ! cl\ds ) great p[] & glory4 #bg4 ,& !n %all he s5d 8 angels1 & %all ga!r toge!r 8 elect f ! f\r w9ds1 f ! utt]mo/ "p ( ! e>? to ! utt]mo/ p>ts ( heav54 ,b]gi]1 "o ( ! mo/ classical ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians1 says1 9 ! fir/ volume ( 8 works1 article ,agnoetes1 t1 9 ! six? c5tury1 ! !ologians answ]$ ! ,agnoetes z foll[s3 ,9 ^! texts1 x is n a "q ( ! day ( ! g5]al judgm5t1 b ( ! day :5 ,jesus ,*ri/ 0 to come to puni% ! ,jewi% nation by ! sword ( ! ,romans4 ,!n ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians did n und]/& ^! texts z mean+ a g5]al judgm5t4 ,moreov]1 ,b]gi]1 writ+ aga9/ ! ,mill5>ies1 says1 article ,_w3--,! disciples ( ,*ri/1 sometime be=e 8 resurrection1 spake to him ( ! /ructure ( ! temple ( ,j]usalem1 ,mat!w1 *4 #bd1 ,m>k1 *4 #ac1 ,luke1 *4 #ba4 ,jesus ,*ri/ told !m t x %all be de/roy$2 & t n "o ( ! /ones w be left ^u ! o!r4 ,! disciples1 surpris$1 ask$ him :5 ?is %all take place2 :at w be ! signs ( 8 com+1 & ( ! end ( ! c5tury4 ,!n !re w be1 he said1 w>s & s$itions1 e>?quakes1 pe/s1 & fam9es2 ye y\rselves w be p]secut$ & put to dea?2 ,j]usalem w be surr\nd$ ) an army2 ! temple w be pollut$2 false prophets w appe>2 !re w be signs 9 ! heav52 ! sun & ! moon w be d>k5$1 & ! />s w fall f ! firmam5t4 ,!n ! ,son ( man w be se5 com+ 9 ! cl\ds ) great p[] & maje/y2 8 angels w ga!r ! elect f "o end ( ! _w to ! o!r1 etc4 ,he ann\nces all ?is z ev5ts to be witness$ by 8 apo/les2 & he adds3 ',v]ily ,i say unto y1 ?is g5]ation %all n pass1 till all ^! ?+s be fulfill$4' ,is x a "q ( ! end ( ! _w 9 all ?is8 ,op9ions are divid$ on ?is po9t4 ,"s comm5tators ?9k t1 9 ^! texts1 ,jesus ,*ri/ simply prophesi$ ! ru9 ( ! religion1 republic1 & nation ( ! ,jews2 & t all ! circum/ances 7 v]ifi$ :5 ! ,romans took & de/roy$ ! nation2 t1 h[ev]1 a few expressions ought n to be tak5 lit]ally1 su* z ! fall ( ! />s1 etc42 t ,jesus ,*ri/ has us$ ! same /yle1 & ! same images us$ by prophets1 :5 !y prophesi$ o!r ev5ts4 ,consequ5tly ^! comm5tators say t ^! words ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ',?is g5]ation %all n pass1' etc41 signify1 ! ,jews :o n[ live w n all be dead :5 ^! ev5ts w take place4 ,9 fact1 ,j]usalem 0 tak5 & ru9$ less ?an =ty ye>s aft]4 ,9 ?is op9ion x is n a "q 9 ^! texts ( ! end ( ! _w4 ,o!r comm5tators believe t ,jesus ,*ri/ has jo9$ ! signs1 :i* 7 to prec$e ! deva/ation ( ,judea1 to ^? :i* w appe> at ! end ( ! _w1 & be=e ! g5]al judgm5t2 t :5 he says3 ',?is g5]ation %all n pass1' etc41 he means t ! ,jewi% nation w n be entirely de/roy$1 b w subsi/ till ! end ( ! _w4 ,x _c be d5i$ t ! ^w g5]ation is us$ sev]al times 9 ?is s5se 9 ! ,gospel4 ,f ?is passage ( ,b]gi] we draw ! foll[+ argum5t3 ,s9ce ! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians 71 & are1 divid$ 9 reg>d to ! mean+ ( ! above texts1 x foll[s t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n re/ h] doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t on ! above text4 ,!re=e ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n und]/& ! above texts1 namely1 ! #bd? *apt] ( ,mat!w1 & ! la/ sixte5 v]ses ( ! #be?3--! #bd?1 #be?1 #bf?1 & #bg? v]ses ( ! #ac? *apt] 9 ,m>k2 & also ! #be?1 #bf?1 #bg?1 & #bh? v]ses ( ! #ba/ *apt] 9 ,luke1 z mean+ a g5]al judgm5t4 #b;d4 ,we prove t ne>ly all ! ,*ri/ian sects1 or d5om9ations1 ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies1 did n believe ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t4 ,! ,basilidians1 ! ,val5t9ians1 ! ,m>cionites1 ! ,m>cosians1 ! ,!odotians1 ! ,c>pocratians1 ! ,docetes1 ! ,tatiani/s1 ! ,apellites1 ! ,montani/s1 ! ,artotyrites1 ! ,ascites1 ! ,ascodrutes1 ! ,ophites1 ! ,ca9ites1 & ! ,h]mog5ians believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis1 & d5i$ ! resurrection ( ! body4 ,f ! fact t ^! sects believ$ 9 ,metempsy*osis1 & d5i$ ! resurrection ( ! body1 we argue3 ,! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t supposes ! resurrection ( all ! dead2 b ! above sects d5i$ ! resurrection ( ! dead4 ,!re=e !y d5i$ also ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t4 ,!re=e ne>ly all ! ,*ri/ian sects1 or d5om9ations1 ( ! fir/ & ( ! second c5turies1 did n believe ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t4 ,m1 we might say all ! ,*ri/ian sects ( ! fir/ two c5turies2 =1 x 0 only at ! end ( ! second c5tury1 t ! sect ( ! ,mill5>ies1 :o believ$ 9 a g5]al judgm5t1 sprung up2 &1 besides1 hi/ory is sil5t ab\t ! belief ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome 7:i* !n 0 conf9$ )9 ! b\nd>ies ( ! ,prov9ce ( ,rome17 9 reg>d to ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t4 #c;d4 ,! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t is irrational1 because a fir/ judgm5t1 by ,jesus ,*ri/1 hav+ tak5 place1 a second "o w\ld be useless4 #d?4 ,we prove t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t f ! ,jews4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic au?ors nev] pret5d$1 & /ill n[ d n pret5d1 t ! ,jews believ$ ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t4 ,!n ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t f ! ,jews4 ,we draw ! g5]al conclusions ( ?is *apt]3 ,x has be5 prov$1 #a/1 ,t ! ,pagans held ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t ( all ! !n liv+1 & ( all ! dead1 :i* %all take place at ! end ( ! _w2 #b;d1 ,t !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! p>ticul>ities ( ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,pagans1 & ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t1 z held by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome2 #c;d1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t f ! apo/les ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 &1 #d?1 ,t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome did n hold ?is doctr9e f ! ,jews4 ,!re=e ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t f ! ,pagans4 ,!re=e ! doctr9e ( a g5]al judgm5t ( all ! !n liv+1 & ( all ! dead1 :i* %all take place at ! end ( ! _w1 is ( ,pagan orig94 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,pagan ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,vic>i\s ,,atonem5t4 ,,! doctr9e ( ,vic>i\s ,atonem5t supposes ! dogma ( a ,p]sonal ,devil1 ! dogma ( ,orig9al ,s91 ! dogma ( ,tr9ity1 & ! dogma ( ! ,supreme ,div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,z 9 f\r *apt]s ( ?is "w we h prov$ t ^! f\r dogmas are ( ,pagan orig91 we %all exam9e1 9 ?is *apt]1 ! true orig9 ( ! body itself ( ! doctr9e ( ,vic>i\s ,atonem5t1 :i* consi/s 9 ! belief t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute4 ,our hi/orical rese>*es w also lead u to ! conclusion t x is ( ,pagan orig94 ,9 ! sixte5? c5tury ! ,*ur* ( ,rome held1 & /ill n[ holds1 ! doctr9e t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h wa%$ away ) 8 blood all ! pa/1 pres5t & future s9s ( ! m5 :o w\ld be )9 ! pale ( 8 only true ,*ur*1 :i* 0 h]self1 & also t he _h exempt$ !m f ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s4 ,h[ev]1 !y 7 to enjoy ^! two privileges only on ! condition t !y w\ld obey h] prescriptions4 ,! ,p>tiali/ ,prote/ant ,*ur*es reject$ ne>ly all ! prescriptions ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome2 reject$ ! doctr9e t %e 0 ! only true ,*ur* ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 b !y pres]v$ ! sub/ance ( ! doctr9e1 namely1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h wa%$ away all ! s9s ( ^? :o w\ld feel ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,_s 9 _! s\ls2 :o w\ld exp]i5ce a sup]natural *ange ( he>t1 or1 z !y commonly t]m x1 w\ld get religion2 & also t ?r\gh 8 atonem5t !y are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s4 ,consequ5tly1 ! ,p>tiali/ ,prote/ant ,*ur*es1 z well z ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 hold ! doctr9e t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute4 ,!n if x is prov$ t ! orig9 ( ! doctr9e t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute--z held by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome--is ,pagan1 x w !reby be prov$ t ! doctr9e t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute--z held by ! ,p>tiali/ ,prote/ant ,*ur*es--is also ( ,pagan orig94 ,9 ?is *apt] we %all prove t ! orig9 ( ! doctr9e t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute--z held by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome--is ,pagan4 ,x w be evid5t t ! orig9 ( ! doctr9e t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute--z held by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome--is ,pagan1 if x is prov$1 #a/1 ,t !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! practices requir$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 & to be exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 & ^? :i* 71 & /ill n[ are1 requir$ 9 ! ,pagan religion = ! same purpose2 &1 #b;d1 ,t ^? practices 7 n in/itut$ among ,*ri/ians 9 ! fir/ two c5turies4 ,b x c be prov$1 #a/1 ,t !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! practices requir$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 & to be exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute1 & ^? :i* 71 & /ill n[ are1 requir$ 9 ! ,pagan religion = ! same purpose2 &1 #b;d1 ,t ^? practices 7 n in/itut$ among ,*ri/ians 9 ! fir/ two c5turies4 #a/4 ,we prove t !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! practices requir$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 & to be exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute1 & ^? :i* 71 & /ill n[ are1 requir$ 9 ! ,pagan religion = ! same purpose4 ,! ,pagans1 publicly & privately1 us$ lu/ral wat]1 :i*1 !y ?\ght1 _h ! virtue ( purify+ ! s\l1 & ( remitt+ ! puni%m5t ( c]ta9 impurities & s9s4 ,! ,prie/s1 9 solemn religi\s c]emonies1 asp]s$ ! assi/ants ) x2 & ! p kept & us$ x 9 _! families4 ,9 ! same mann]1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t holy wat] has ! virtue ( purify+ ! s\l1 & ( remitt+ ! puni%m5t ( c]ta9 impurities & s9s4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olics use x publicly & privately4 ,e ,sunday1 be=e ! celebration ( ! high mass1 ! prie/s asp]se ! p ) holy wat] = ! a=esaid end2 & also p\r x on ! c(f9s ( ! dead at ! fun]als4 ,! laym5 keep & use x 9 _! families = ! same end4 ,^! lu/rations are practic$1 ev5 9 our days1 by _m ( ! ,pagans4 ,! ,madegasses believe t !y c obta9 ! =giv5ess ( ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s 9 dipp+ a piece ( gold 9 a vessel full ( wat]1 & 9 dr9k+ t wat]4 ,! ,fa!r ,jesuit ,b\*et1 a mission>y 9 ,india1 writes3 ,! ,indians say t 9 ba?+ 9 c]ta9 riv]s s9s are entirely remitt$2 & t _! my/]i\s wat]s wa% n only ! bodies1 b also purify ! s\ls 9 an admirable mann]4 ,?is te/imony1 ,*ateaubri& adds1 is confirm$ by ! ,memoirs ( ! ,engli% ,society ( ,calcutta4 ,! wat]s ( ! ,ganges are reput$ z hav+ ! greate/ expiatory virtue3 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome holds t ! baptismal wat]s remit ! orig9al & all o!r s9s1 & exempt ^? baptiz$ f puni%m5t4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t c]ta9 c]emonies1 & _! m$als repres5t+ ! gods1 _h an expiatory virtue3 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome holds t g5uflexions1 ! ,agnus ,dei1 ! beads1 ! m$als ( ! sa9ts1 & ( ! virg9 ,m>y1 h an expiatory virtue4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t c]ta9 pray]s remitt$ c]ta9 s9s & _! puni%m5t2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ,nov5as1 indulg5ces1 ! recitation ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ! ,gospel ( ,john1 etc41 remit v5ial s9s1 & _! puni%m5t4 ,! ,pagans w5t 9 pilgrimage to *apels1 :]e ! pray]s ( ! prie/s1 !y ?\ght1 _h an expiatory virtue great] ?an 9 o!r temples2 ?is practice & ?is belief h be5 pres]v$ ev5 by ! ,mahom$ans4 ,n[ !re are at ! door ( ! ,mosque ( ,ali1 at ,mes*$-,aly1 d]vi%es1 :o1 = money1 expiate ) _! pray]s ! s9s ( ! pilgrims3 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome believes t ! expiatory virtue ( ! pray]s made by prie/s1 9 c]ta9 *apels ( sa9ts & ( ,m>y1 :]e multitudes ( pilgrims resort1 is great] ?an t ( ! pray]s made 9 o!r temples4 ,9 ,*9a1 ! invocation ( ,omyto is suffici5t to remit ! puni%m5t ( ! greate/ crimes4 ,x is on acc\nt ( x t ! foll[]s ( ! sect ( ,fo repeat (t5times1 e day1 ! words1 ,o-myto-,fo6 ,! ,indians believ$1 & /ill believe1 t :5 a man expires 9 pron\nc+ ! "n ( ,god1 & 9 hold+1 at ! same "t1 ! tail ( a c[1 he imm$iately asc5ds to ,p>adise4 ,! ,bramas nev] fail$1 & ev5 d n n[1 to read e morn+ ! my/]i\s leg5d ( ,gosg5dre-,mootsjam2 because x is a dogma ( ! ,indian religion t any "o :o reads ?is leg5d e morn+1 obta9s ! =giv5ess ( ! puni%m5t ( all 8 s9s2 s ! ,*ur* ( ,rome holds t any "o :o recites ! ,angelus :5 ! bell r+s1 9 ! morn+1 at noon1 & at sun d[n1 or recites ! acts ( fai?1 ( hope1 & ( *>ity1 obta9s ! remittance ( ! puni%m5t ( sev]al ( 8 v5ial s9s2 &1 also1 t any "o :o regul>ly recites ! pray]s ( ,sa9t ,brigitte1 or :o1 :5 he dies1 recites ) great devotion ! pray] ,memor>e o piissima1 etc41 w g to ,p>adise4 ,greece 0 flood$ ) rituals1 ascrib$ to ,orpheus & to ,museus1 prescrib+ c]emonies1 rites1 & practices1 :i* _h ! virtue ( purify+ ! s\l1 & ( exempt+ ! s9n]s f ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s4 ,! prie/s ( ! ,pagans p]suad$ entire t[ns1 cities1 & nations1 t !y c\ld be purifi$ ( _! crimes1 & be exempt$ f ! puni%m5t1 :i* ! ,deity w\ld inflict ^u !m1 ?r\gh ! means ( expiatory rites1 ( fea/s1 & ( initiations4 ,!y made ! p believe t ?is purification1 & ?is exemption1 c\ld ext5d to ! liv+ & to ! dead1 9 :at !y call$ ,teletes1 or my/]ies2 & x 0 z a consequ5ce ( ?is belief t ! prie/s ( ,cybel1 ^? ( ,isis1 ! ,orpheotele/es & o!rs1 w5t among ! p to initiate !m2 b on ! condition t !y w\ld pay to !m l>ge sums ( money4 ,?is traffic 0 practic$ ev5 by prie/esses1 & bad wom54 ,demo/h5es in=ms u t ! "m ( ,es*9e made a liv+ by x1 & also 9 pro/itut+ h] body4 ,likewise1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome is flood$ ) rituals prescrib+ c]emonies1 rites1 & practices1 :i* h ! virtue ( purify+ ! s\l1 & ( exempt+ ! s9n]s f ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s4 ,! prie/s make t[ns1 cities1 & nations believe t !y c be purifi$ ( _! crimes1 & be exempt$ ( ! puni%m5t !y des]ve1 by fa/+1 by go+ processionally to *ur*es1 or to *apels ( sa9ts & ( ! virg9 ,m>y4 ,! prie/s1 ! monks1 ! begg+-fri>s1 & ev5 ! nuns1 g among ! p2 !y pl$ge !mselves to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & ! exemption f div9e puni%m5t1 if !y give !m sums ( money4 ,! prie/s ( ! ,pagans (f]$ expiatory sacrifices = ! liv+ & = ! dead = money2 s1 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 ! prie/s (f] ! sacrifice ( ,mass = ! expiation ( ! s9s ( ! liv+ & ( ! dead1 if !y are well paid4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t ! f\ndation ( temples1 _! end[m5t1 & o!r gifts pres5t$ to ! gods & to _! prie/s1 _h an expiatory virtue4 ,socrates portray$ ! unju/ man 9 say+1 t initiation to my/]ies caus$ !m to despise ! ,t>t>us ) all its torm5ts4 ,he made ! foll[+ rem>k3 ,! apologi/ ( inju/ice says1 !y fright5 u ) ! ?reat ( ! pa9s ( ! ,t>t>us2 b :o ignores t we f9d 9 ! initiations a rem$y to t fe>8 ,!y are a great res\rce to u2 & !y in=m u t !re are gods :o exempt u f ! puni%m5t des]v$ by crime4 ,true1 we h committ$ inju/ice1 b inju/ice has be5 pecuni>ily pr(itable to u4 ,we are told t ! gods are appeas$ by pray]s1 sacrifices1 & (f]+s4 ,bia*e1 "o ( ! int]locutors 9 ! ,ez\rv$am1 said1 t !re is 9 ! c\ntry call$ ,mag\ode*an1 a sacr$ spot1 :]e1 ?r\gh "s (f]+s1 ance/ors c be fre$ f ! tortures ( hell4 ,likewise1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome holds t ! f\ndation ( *ur*es1 ( prie/'s h\ses1 ( mona/]ies1 ( conv5ts1 & ( nunn]ies1 & _! end[m5t2 or any o!r gift1 pres5t$ to ! sa9ts1 bi%ops1 prie/s1 monks1 & nuns h a virtue s mu* ! m expiatory = s9s1 z !y are great] & m valuable4 ,x is ow+ to ?is horrible doctr9e1 t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome has acquir$ s mu* *ur* prop]ty t its valuation is beyond any approximate calculation4 ,! ,fr5* poet1 ,boileau1 spoke ! tru? :51 9 8 n9? satire1 he said3 ,si l'on vi5t *]*] p\r quel secret my/re1 ,alidor1 ses frais1 btit un mona/re4444 ,c'e/ un homme d'honneur1 de pit pr(onde1 ,et qui veut r5dre ,dieu ce qu'il a pris au monde4 ,translation3 ,if we wi% to inquire = :at secret my/]y ,alidor1 at 8 own exp5se1 built a mona/]y4444 ,he is a man ( honor1 ( pr(\nd piety1 & :o wi%es to re/ore to ,god :at he /ole f ! _w4 ,! ,pagans believ$ t 9 pi\sly gaz+ ^u c]ta9 /atues ( ! gods _! s\ls 7 purifi$2 & t ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s 0 remitt$2 s1 ev5 n[1 ! ,indians believe t 9 simply gaz+ ^u ! %rub ,t\l\s*i !y obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & obta9 ! exemption f _! puni%m5t4 ,likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome holds1 t1 9 gaz+ pi\sly ^u ! cross1 ! ,ca?olics obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! v5ial s9s1 & ! exemption f _! puni%m5t4 ,! anci5t initiations ( ! ,pagans _h tribunals ( p5ance1 :]e a prie/1 "u ! "n ( ,kos1 he>d f ! m\? ( ! s9n]s !mselves ! av[al ( _! s9s1 ( :i* _! s\ls 7 to be purifi$1 & f ! puni%m5t ( :i* !y wi%$ to be exempt$4 ,"o day ! fam\s ,lys&re1 confess+ 8 s9s to "o ( ^? ,kos1 0 ask$ by him impud5t que/ions4 ,lys&re answ]$ him ) ?is "q1 ,d y address me ^? que/ions 9 y\r own "n1 or 9 ! "n ( ! ,deity8 ,! ,kos answ]$3 ,9 ! "n ( ! ,deity4 ,well1 ,lys&re rejo9$1 let me be2 if ,god que/ions me1 ,i w answ] him4 ,likewise ! ,*ur* ( ,rome has tribunals ( p5ance1 :]e prie/s he> f ! m\? ( ! s9n]s !mselves ! av[al ( _! s9s1 ( :i* _! s\ls are to be purifi$1 & f ! puni%m5t ( :i* !y wi% to be exempt$4 ,?r\gh ! absolution ( ! prie/s ! greate/ s9s1 )\t any exemption1 are remitt$ entirely1 s t !y n only are =giv51 b ev5 _! puni%m5t4 ,ev5 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome goes f>!r 9 reg>d to ! pret5d$ virtue ( h] expiatory practices1 ?an ! ,pagans ev] w5t4 ,inde$1 x 0 a common ?+ among ! ,pagans to /igmatize c]ta9 crimes1 & to call !m irremissible--unexpiable4 ,!y exclud$ f ! sanctu>ies ( ,eleusis1 ! murd]]s1 ! traitors to _! c\ntry1 9 a ^w1 all ^? :o 7 guilty ( atroci\s crimes2 !y 7 to be exclud$ f ! ,elysium =ev]1 & to be endlessly tortur$ 9 ! ,t>t>us4 ,!re 7 purifications = murd]1 x is true1 b only = involunt>y or necess>y murd]4 ,:5 ! anci5t h]oes _h committ$ a murd]1 !y resort$ to expiation2 aft] ! sacrifices :i* 7 requir$1 lu/ral wat] 0 p\r$ on ! murd]\s h&2 f t mom5t !y 7 readmitt$ 9 society2 & !y prep>$ !mselves to new de$s ( brav]y4 ,h]cules resort$ to expiation :5 he _h sla9 ! ,c5taurs4 ,b ^? sorts ( expiations did n purify ! s\l f all impurities & crimes4 ,! great crim9als _h to dread all _! lifetime ! horrors ( ! ,t>t>us1 or c\ld n expiate _! crimes1 except by con/antly practic+ virtue1 & con/antly do+ good to _! fell[ m54 ,! legal purifications 7 n consid]$ z hav+ ! virtue ( secur+ to all crim9als ! hope ( bliss1 to :i* ! righte\s 7 entitl$4 ,n]o did n d>e pres5t himself to ! temple ( ,eleusis2 because he 0 deb>r$ f ent]+ its sanctu>y on acc\nt ( 8 atroci\s crimes4 ,! fam\s ,con/ant9e ,i41 to :om ! ,*ur* ( ,rome is indebt$ = all h] pa/ & pres5t aggr&izem5t1 weal?1 & p[]2 & ^: "n has be51 is1 & %all always be1 accurs$ by nations1 because ( ! riv]s ( blood1 ( ! deluge ( ignorance1 ( sup]/ition1 9 "o ^w1 ( ! ocean ( crimes aga9/ ,god1 aga9/ ,*ri/1 & aga9/ mank9d1 :i* ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 enabl$ by 8 protection1 p\r$ ov] ! _w3 ,con/ant9e1 we say1 guilty ( all sorts ( crimes2 8 h&s reek+ ) ! blood ( 8 own "m1 :om he _h sla92 & ) ! blood ( ! _m1 :om he _h murd]$2 & guilty ( _m p]juries1 pres5t$ himself to ! ,pagan prie/s to obta9 ! absolution ( ^? atroci\s crimes1 & ! exemption f _! puni%m5t4 ,con/ant9e 0 answ]$1 t1 among ! v>i\s sorts ( expiations1 !re 0 n "o :i* _h ! virtue ( purify+ 8 s\l f s _m & s atroci\s crimes1 & ( exempt+ him f ! puni%m5t !y des]v$2 & t no religion _h res\rces en\gh to appease ! ju/ice ( ! irritat$ gods2 &1 let u m>k3 ,con/ant9e 0 a mighty emp]or4 ,"o ( 8 c\rti]s1 see+ ! tr\ble & agitation ( 8 s\l1 dev\r$ by ! re/less & undy+ remorse1 told him t 8 suff]+s 7 n hopeless2 t !re 7 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 purifications :i* _h ! virtue ( expiat+ all crimes1 )\t any exception1 t ?is ,*ur* held1 t :oev] jo9$ x1 :atev] may be 8 crimes1 might hope t all 8 crimes w be =giv5 by ! ,deity1 & t ! exemption f _! puni%m5t w be obta9$4 ,f t "t ,con/ant9e took ! ,*ur* ( ,rome "u 8 protection4 ,he 0 a wick$ man :o tri$ to deceive himself1 & to appease ! remorse ( 8 consci5ce4 ,he gave !n full scope to 8 flagiti\sness2 & he po/pon$ be+ baptiz$ until ! h\r ( 8 dea?1 because x 01 z x is n[1 a dogma ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 t baptism purifies ! s\l f ! orig9al & all o!r s9s & crimes1 & t x has also ! virtue ( exempt+ ^? baptiz$ f ! puni%m5t ( all _! s9s4 ,?us ! entry ( ! temple ( ,eleusis 0 int]dict$ to ,n]o2 & yet ! ,*ur* ( ,rome w\ld h admitt$ him )9 h] pale2 w\ld h purifi$ 8 s\l2 & w\ld h exempt$ him f ! puni%m5t ( all 8 mon/r\s crimes1 if he _h tak5 h] "u 8 protection4 ,h[ abom9able a ,*ur* mu/ be1 :5 %e deals s ) tyrants & mon/]s ) a human face6 ,:at6 if ,n]o _h be5 a ,roman ,ca?olic & _h protect$ ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 %e w\ld h canoniz$ him6 ,:y n8 ,con/ant9e1 z great a crim9al z he 01 has be5 canoniz$4 ,9 ! n9? c5tury 8 "n 0 invok$ at ,rome 9 ! c]emonies ( ! ,*ur*1 & ev5 n[ he is consid]$ z a sa9t4 ,9 ,engl& sev]al *ur*es h be5 built "u ! invocation ( ?is pret5d$ ,sa9t ,con/ant9e1 :o f\nd$ at ,con/ant9ople a va/ & co/ly e/abli%m5t ( ill fame4 ,su* are ! sa9ts wor%ip$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome :5 %e obta9s _! protection4 ,*ri/1 reason1 & nature1 w\ld nev] h absolv$ ,n]o f 8 crimes1 & f ! puni%m5t !y des]v$2 & yet ! ,*ur* ( ,rome w\ld h done x4 ,sophocles1 9 8 dipe1 says1 t all ! wat]s ( ! ,danube1 & ( ! ,phase1 w\ld h be5 insuffici5t to purify1 f _! crimes1 ! s\ls ( ! family ( ,lau2 & yet ! ,*ur* ( ,rome w\ld h done x4 ,h[ truly ! ,arab poet ,abu-,naovas exclaim$3 ,"l1 we h indulg$ to s9 & to crime1 because we saw t =giv5ess soon foll[$ !m4 ,!re=e !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! practices requir$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 & to be exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute1 & ^? :i* 7 requir$ 9 ! ,pagan religion = ! same purpose4 #b4 ,we prove t ! practices requir$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 & to be exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute1 7 n in/itut$ among ,*ri/ians 9 ! fir/ two c5turies4 ,! ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians d n pret5d t ! ,*ri/ians ( ! fir/ two c5turies held ^? practices1 nor t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome h]self held !m2 b !y say t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome e/abli%$ !m successively1 z ! good ( ,*ri/ians requir$ x1 accord+ to ! p[] ( gov]nm5t & infallibility grant$ to h]1 & to h] alone1 by ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,consequ5tly1 ! practices requir$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 & to be exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 7 n in/itut$ among ,*ri/ians 9 ! fir/ two c5turies4 ,we draw ! g5]al conclusions ( ?is *apt]3 ,x has be5 prov$ t !re is a /rik+ simil>ity betwe5 ! practices requir$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 & to be exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 & ^? :i* 71 & /ill n[ are1 requir$ 9 ! ,pagan religion = ! same purpose2 & t ^? practices 7 n in/itut$ among ,*ri/ians 9 ! fir/ two c5turies4 ,!re=e ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ f ! ,pagans ! doctr9e ( ,vic>i\s ,atonem5t1 namely1 t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute4 ,s9ce1 ?\gh ! o!r ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es reject$ ! mo/ ( ! practices us$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome to obta9 ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 & ! exemption f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 !y pres]v$ ! sub/ance ( ! doctr9e1 namely1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ _h wa%$ away1 or1 9 o!r words1 aton$ = all ! s9s ( ^? :o w\ld feel ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,_s 9 _! s\ls2 :o w\ld exp]i5ce a sup]natural *ange ( he>t1 or1 z !y commonly t]m x1 w\ld get religion2 & also t ?r\gh 8 atonem5t !y 7 exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( _! s9s--! doctr9e :i* !y hold is no?+ b ! v doctr9e1 ?\gh modifi$ 9 its circum/ances1 ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,!re=e its orig9 is ! same4 ,b x has be5 prov$ t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome borr[$ f ! ,pagans1 ! doctr9e t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute--z %e holds x4 ,!re=e x is !reby prov$1 t ! o!r ,p>tiali/ ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es truly borr[$1 f ! ,pagans1 ?\gh ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 ! doctr9e t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute--z %e holds x4 ,!re=e ! doctr9e t a small numb] ( privileg$ ,*ri/ians obta9 ! =giv5ess ( _! s9s1 & are exempt$ f ! puni%m5t ( ^? s9s1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( a sub/itute1 is ( ,pagan orig94 ,& z1 on ano!r h&1 x has be5 prov$1 9 f\r o!r *apt]s ( ?is "w1 t ! doctr9e ( a ,p]sonal ,devil1 ! doctr9e ( ,orig9al ,s91 ! doctr9e ( ,tr9ity1 & ! doctr9e ( ! ,supreme ,div9ity ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 are ( ,pagan orig9--!n we logically draw ! conclusion t all ! *>act]i/ics ( ! doctr9e ( ,vic>i\s ,atonem5t are ( ,pagan orig94 ,s9ce all ! *>act]i/ics ( ! doctr9e ( ,vic>i\s ,atonem5t are ( ,pagan orig91 !n ! body itself ( ! doctr9e ( ,vic>i\s ,atonem5t is ( ,pagan orig94 ,!re=e ! doctr9e ( ,vic>i\s ,atonem5t is ( ,pagan orig94 ,,conclusion ,,( ,,all ,,! ,,*apt]s4 ,,!re=e ,,p>tiali/ ,,doctr9es ,,are ,,( ,,pagan ,,orig94 ,coroll>y4--,s9ce ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es are ( ,pagan orig9 !y are n taught 9 ! ,scriptures1 = ! ,scriptures d n reveal ,paganism4 ,consequ5tly !y ought to be reject$ f ,*ri/ian ,*ur*es1 z be+ ,hea!n doctr9es4 ,,val$ictory4 ,de> ,read]1--,be=e ,i drop ! p5 p]mit me to address to y a few val$ictory words4 ,if y believe ! ,imp>tiali/1 namely1 ,univ]sali/ doctr9es1 y are n[ 9 possession ( an irrefutable hi/orical pro( corroborat+ y\r belov$ fai?1 :i* is satisfactory to y\r m9d1 & sweet to y\r he>t4 ,if f y\r infancy up to ?is day y h be5 taught1 & h believ$1 ! ,p>tiali/ doctr9es1 p]haps y say to y\rself3 ,my religi\s cre$ is n[ %ak5 to its v f\ndation2 :at !n w my religi\s belief be1 = ! want ( religi\s pr9ciples is ! mo/ e>ne/ long+ ( my s\l8 ,fri5d1 /udy ! ,imp>tiali/1 namely1 ,univ]sali/ doctr9es2 comp>e !m ) ! tea*+ ( ! ,scriptures1 & y w f9d !m record$ !re94 ,!y truly are ! embodim5t ( ! tea*+ ( ! ,scriptures1 :i* are !mselves embodi$ 9 ^! two vital maxims ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 writt5 9 gold5 lett]s on ! ,univ]sali/ bann]3 ,?\ %alt love ! ,"l ?y ,god ) all ?y he>t1 & ) all ?y s\l1 & ) all ?y m9d4--,?is is ! fir/ & great comm&m5t4 ,& ! second is l unto x1 ,?\ %alt love ?y neighbor z ?yself4--,on ^! two comm&m5ts hang all ! law & ! prophets4 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s note3 ,blank pages h be5 elim9at$4 ,v>iations 9 spell+ & hyph5ation h be5 left z 9 ! orig9al4 ,a few typographical errors h be5 correct$4