,,human ,,life ,,by ,s4 ,s4 ,,knight ,illu/ration ,,new ,,york ,r4 ,f4 ,,f5no ,,company #ah ,,ea/ #ag,,? ,,/reet ,,copyright1 #aiaj1 ,,by ,s4 ,s4 ,,knight ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,habitat ,,( ,,man #i ,,ii4 ,,! ,,l5g? ,,( ,,"t ,,dur+ ,,:i* ,,man ,,has ,,exi/$ #bi ,,iii4 ,,! ,,physical ,,limitations ,,( ,,exi/5ce #ef ,,iv4 ,,! ,,purpose ,,( ,,life #gf ,v4 ,,k ,,& ,,education #ii ,,vi4 ,,religion ,,& ,,e?ics #abj ,,vii4 ,,love #aef ,,viii4 ,,problems ,,( ,,! ,,future #ahj ,,d$ication ,?is volume is d$icat$ to my ,"m & my ,wife--! two wom5 ^: influ5ce has mo/ l>gely %ap$ my life1 & ^: companion%ip has af=d$ me s mu* happ9ess4 ,x 0 writt5 ) ! hope t x might be ( value to my two *ildr51 & may !y f9d z mu* happ9ess 9 life z has ! au?or4 ,,human ,,life ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,habitat ,,( ,,man ,9 review+ ! facts conc]n+ humanity1 :i* are well au!nticat$ at ! pres5t date1 ) ! object ( gett+ a composite view ( ! greate/ ( all _w riddles--,life--possibly no?+ t5ds s l>gely to exp& our m5tal horizon z a /udy ( ! e>? itself or man's place ( abode4 ,! ideas ( ! educat$ & cultur$ m9d1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! tw5tie? c5tury1 ^u cosmogony1 are necess>ily ( su* a "* t man's h]et(ore undisput$ boa/ ( be+ ! objective & acme ( creation or evolution is =c$ into t great mass ( !ories :i* sci5ce has prov5 to be absolutely unt5able4 ,s9ce ! relative importance ( ! factors ( h]$ity & adaptation has become kn[n1 ! environm5t1 or conditions surr\nd+ man's exi/5ce 9 times pa/1 is ( exceptional importance1 z1 f an und]/&+ ( ^! prehi/oric limitations1 we are bett] able to judge :at mu/ h be5 ! a*ievem5t ( ! individual & ! race ?an we c\ld be :5 9 ignorance ( ^! facts4 ,! l5g? ( prehi/oric "t 7s f> z our e>? is conc]n$7 has be5 ! subject ( mu* intellig5t labor & ?\ght1 z well z ! occasion = mu* diss5t+ ( op9ion & m or less design$ mis/atem5t4 ,until v rec5tly1 x has be5 difficult to reconcile ! !ories1 z promulgat$ by ! au?orities 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( sci5ce2 b1 not)/&+ ?is1 "s light may be obta9$ by ! summ>ization ( ! mo/ plausible hypo!ses n[ advocat$4 ,we _c take ! space to g into detail conc]n+ ^!1 b w m]ely t\* ^u ! mo/ sali5t po9ts4 ,! con/ancy ( ! supply ( heat furni%$ by ! sun & ! division ( ! ye> into def9ite seasons 0 "o ( ! fir/ ph5om5a :i* attract$ ! att5tion ( man at ! dawn ( hi/ory1 & 9 ! _m acc\nts ( ! creation :i* we f9d 9 lit]ature we see ! feeble attempts ( man to acc\nt = :at he obs]v$4 ,al?\gh ! k :i* we h at ! pres5t "t is n complete en\gh to w>rant any feel+ ( pride1 yet we d "k en\gh to say1 ) c]ta9ty1 "s ?+s conc]n+ ! sol> sy/em4 ,we "k t our sun _c =ev] radiate away its heat into space )\t sometime becom+ z cold or cold] ?an we are1 unless ! en]gy :i* x is los+ 9 ! =m ( heat be re/or$ to x by "s means n at ?is "t kn[n4 ,sir ,william ,?omson 7,"l ,kelv97 has calculat$ t at ! pres5t rate ( sol> radiation1 :i* am\nts to ab\t tw5ty-eight calories p] m9ute1 p] squ>e c5timet]1 at ! di/ance ( ! mean radius ( ! e>?'s orbit1 x w\ld h tak5 some:at m ?an fifte5 million ye>s = ! heat g5]at$ by ! contraction ( ! sun's mass f ! orbit ( ! out] planet1 ,neptune1 to its pres5t size1 to h be5 radiat$ away into space4 ,?is means t gravity1 z a s\rce ( heat developm5t1 at ! rate ( sol> radiation n[ kn[n1 w\ld acc\nt =1 p]haps1 tw5ty million ye>s' exp5diture ( en]gy 9 r$uc+ ! sun's diamet] to b "o-?irte5-?\s&? "p ( :at x once 04 ,n only does ! nebul> hypo!sis fall %ort ( acc\nt+ = ! facts1 z w subsequ5tly be %[n 9 ?is "o p>ticul> ( ! l5g? ( "t dur+ :i* our sol> sy/em has exi/$1 b x does n acc\nt = ! v>iation 9 ! obliquity ( ! poles ( ! planets1 :i* are ! att5dants ^u ! sun2 nor does gravitative attraction alone enable u to acc\nt = ! trem5d\s velocities ( "s ( ! />s ?r\gh space1 su* z ,arcturus1--s t x may be safely assum$ t we %all be =c$ to modify our ideas z to ! value ( ! nebul> hypo!sis z a work+ basis1 be=e we c h>monize our d$uctions f a/ronomical & geological gr\nds4 ,=tunately1 ! /udy ( ! spiral nebul has done mu* to elucidate our conceptions ( ! =mation ( ! planet>y sy/ems1 & f ! discov]ies made conc]n+ ^! highly att5uat$ bodies ( matt]1 a new hypo!sis has be5 =m$ :i* w completely h>monize1 p]haps1 ) ^! above /at$ facts1 :i* c\ld n be made to accord ) ! nebul> !ory z previ\sly held4 ,"o s\rce ( ! cont9u$ acquisition ( en]gy by our sun1 ^: value is h>d to e/imate1 is ! %oot+ />s1 or meteors1 :i* con/antly fall into x4 ,a/ronomical records %[ t1 f ! e>? alone1 no less ?an tw5ty million %oot+ />s are daily )9 ! limits ( vision1 & inasmu* z ! sol> sy/em is mov+ ) a velocity ( "s tw5ty miles p] second ?r\gh space1 x w be se5 t ! numb] ( meteors :i* w\ld come )9 ! influ5ce ( ! sun1 be+ z x is ab\t "o & "o-?ird million times ! volume ( ! e>?1 w\ld be practically inf9ite4 ,:at !n mu/ be said ( ! am\nt ( en]gy acquir$ by ! sun f ^!1 al?\gh ea* meteor may h a mass ( b a few grams1 & p]haps may be only sev]al hundr$ miles away f its successor8 ,x is cle>ly demon/rat$ t1 if no su* additions ( en]gy 7 receiv$ by our sun1 9 ab\t t5 million ye>s its diamet] w\ld be r$uc$ to "o-half ( :at x is n[1 & its mass1 :]e n[ x exi/s z a gas1 w\ld !n become a solid1 at lea/ ^u ! surface1 & ! quantity ( heat receiv$ by ! e>? w\ld become s small t life "h1 z we "k ( x1 w\ld be an impossibility4 ,b if x be grant$ t ! sun annually ga!rs1 by its gravitative attraction1 a comb9$ mass ( matt] equal to ! "o-hundr$? "p ( our e>?1 at a di/ance away f its c5t] equal to ! ma9 radius ( ! e>?'s orbit1 ! en]gy dissipat$ by its radiation ( heat at its pres5t rate w\ld be acc\nt$ =1 :ile ! s5sible heat ( ! sun w\ld n dim9i%1 & ! supply w\ld be kept up indef9itely4 ,t su* additions ( mass are made1 !re c be no d\bt1 b z to _! quantity1 we _c1 ) our pres5t k1 ev5 haz>d a guess4 ,9 speak+ ( ! sol> heat & man's dep5d5ce ^u x 9 a con/ant def9ite quantity1 z "o ( ! conditions ( 8 exi/5ce1 p]haps x w give u "s j appreciation ( 8 place 9 nature :5 we consid] t ! e>? receives some:at less ?an "o two-billion? "p ( ! heat radiat$ away by ! sun1 & :ile ?is expression makes ! quantity :i* we receive seem r small1 x is1 nev]!less1 l>ge en\gh annually to melt a lay] ( ice "o hundr$ & sev5ty-five feet ?ick--all ov] ! surface ( ! e>?1 & is a little m ?an "o six-?\s&? "p ( ! quantity ( heat :i* w\ld be g5]at$ by ! burn+ ( a mass ( coal z l>ge z ! sun4 ,! rese>*es ( ,halley & ,adams h %[n t f "s cause1 probably ! result ( gravity act+ 9 conjunction ) ! v>y+ ecc5tricity ( ! e>?'s orbit1 ! motion ( ! moon has be5 slightly accel]at$ z "t w5t on1 :ile ! diurnal motion ( ! e>? has be5 r$uc$ by ! action ( ! tides1 & t ! am\nt ( ?is loss1 9 "t1 is equal to ab\t "o second 9 ! l5g? ( our day1 9 #afh1jjj ye>s4 ,n[1 ?is ret>dation 9 ! e>?'s motion has n tak5 place at a uni=m rate if caus$ by ! reaction ( ! tides1 z ! ne>] to ! e>? ! moon 01 ! great] w\ld be ! tides1 &1 consequ5tly1 ! great] w\ld be ! reaction2 i4 e41 ! ret>dation4 ,b assum+ t ?is ret>dation took place1 on ! :ole1 at twice ! rate n[ prevail+1 we w\ld /ill h a p]iod ( six million ye>s s9ce ! moon 0 ?r[n (f by ! e>?1 :5 our days 7 b ?ree h\rs long4 ,turn+ f ! !ories ( a/ronomy1 :i* are obvi\sly m or less inaccurate1 ow+ to _! v nature & ! "* & duration ( ! obs]vations ^u :i* !y are bas$1 we come to ! ne>] & m c]ta9 d$uctions ( geology4 ,"h we h ! ph5om5a ( d5udation & deposition ) :i* to deal1 & inasmu* z ^! are measurable at _m places1 & "u _m conditions ^u ! e>? to-day1 x is safe to assume t computations made f ^! measurem5ts _c be f> f ! tru?4 ,we "k t practically all ( ! great =mations ( ! e>? 7 depositions ( mat]ial f wat] :i* conta9$ !m1 & t1 9 _m cases1 heat caus$ ^! /rata to be metamorphos$ or cry/alliz$ ages aft] !y 7 deposit$1 & t 9 ?is cry/allization _m ( ! fossils rema9+ imb$d$ 9 ! deposit$ matt] 7 de/roy$4 ,conc]n+ ?is deposition we "k t x is go+ on to-day 9 ! ,atlantic & ,pacific ,oceans1 :]e1 9 ! deep] portions ! ,globig]9a ooze is fill+ 9 ^! depressions ) a deposit1 resembl+ *alk1 at ! rate ( p]haps an in* p] c5tury4 ,we "k t ! ,gulf ( ,mexico & sev]al o!r ocean areas are be+ fill$ 9 ) silt at ! rate ( z high z ?ree in*es p] c5tury4 ,?is silt is br\ght d[n 9 ! tribut>y riv]s & empti$ into ! gulfs4 ,we also "k t l>ge areas 9 ! ,indian ,ocean are be+ cov]$ ) coral & ! dbris f ! coral reefs4 ,we are absolutely c]ta9 t e geological p]iod has _h its *>act]i/ic fauna & flora1 & t1 9 bo? ! animal & vegetable k+doms1 "s p]si/5t types h connect$ x ) bo? ! pa/ & ! future1 s t ! fossils h become ! op5 sesame to ! geological records4 ,we fur!r "k t ! /rata compos+ ! e>?'s surface are subject to elevation & subsid5ce1 su* z is n[ go+ on 9 ! delta ( ! ,nile1 on ! coa/ ( ! ,ne!rl&s1 & 9 _m o!r places1 & t su* movem5t is a measurable quantity1 giv5 only ! necess>y "t4 ,! total ?ickness ( kn[n /rata measures b ab\t "o-?ree hundr$ & tw5tie? "p ( ! e>?'s diamet]1 or1 9 r\nd numb]s1 tw5ty-five miles4 ,?irty ?\s& feet ( ?is is q readily id5tifi$ z belong+ to ! old ,ar*aic or ,laur5tian p]iod1 & con/itutes ! olde/ /ratifi$ deposit kn[n4 ,ev5 9 ?is1 we f9d ! rema9s ( ! ,eozoon ,canad5se1 :i* is n[ univ]sally ackn[l$g$ to be ! petrifaction ( a =am9if]\s liv+ organism ) a *amb]$ %ell4 ,?is means t1 at ?is "t1 ! e>?'s atmosph]e mu/ h be5 v simil> to :at x is at ! pres5t1 & t ! temp]ature ( ! sea 0 some:]e betwe5 ! boil+ & ! freez+ po9ts ( wat]4 ,:at "t _h elaps$ s9ce ! e>? 0 ?r[n (f by ! sun 9 an inc&esc5t /ate c only be fa9tly imag9$4 ,at ! rate ( deposition giv5 = ! deepe/ ( ocean deposits1 ?is ,ar*aic p]iod w\ld h tak5 p]haps ?irty-six million ye>s2 b inasmu* z ! wat] may h be5 f> w>m] !n ?an n[1 & ! ra9fall m abundant1 & ! =ces ( d5udation 9 all respects m active1 ?is figure may be excessive4 ,! next eighte5 ?\s& feet ( /rata are easily id5tifi$ z ,l[] ,silurian1 by ! ,diatoms :i* occur imb$d$ 9 !m1 & ^! =mations include "s ( ! l>ge/ deposits ( lime/one kn[n4 ,at our rate ( calculation1 ?is deposit w\ld require no less ?an n9e & "o-half million ye>s1 &1 9 assum+ ?is figure1 no acc\nt is made ( ! int]vals ( "t dur+ :i* no deposit took place1 al?\gh su* p]iods ( inactivity mu/ necess>ily h be54 ,! ,upp] ,silurian /rata consi/s ( tw5ty ?\s& feet1 ! fossils ( :i* are ! l[] fi%es1 & = :i* we mu/ assign a p]iod ( "t equal to no less ?an tw5ty-five million ye>s1 inasmu* z ^! deposits are lime/ones & s&/ones1 or ! rema9s ( wat]-liv+ animals & plants4 ,com+ n[ to ! ,devonian & ,c>bonif]\s p]iods1 ! /rata ( ! =m]1 :i* is fill$ ) fossils ( ! dipnoi1 & ! latt] ) ^? ( ! amphibia2 we h deposits aggregat+ ab\t =ty ?\s& feet1 & inasmu* z long int]vals ( "t mu/ h exi/$ dur+ ! subsid5ce & elevation1 & vice v]sa1 ( ! l&1 :ile ! process ( coal-=m+ 0 go+ on1 x is c]ta9 t our rate ( deposition z h]et(ore us$1 is entirely too high4 ,dawson & ,huxley h e/imat$1 aft] mo/ c>eful inve/igation1 t ! p]iod ( "t consum$ 9 lay+ d[n ! coal measures1 c\ld n be less ?an six million ye>s1 & ^u ?is basis x is safe to assume t betwe5 sev5ty-five & eighty million ye>s 7 consum$ 9 lay+ d[n ! ,devonian & ,c>bonif]\s deposits4 ,?is makes ,paleozoic "t occupy ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty million ye>s1 :i* is probably "u- r ?an ov]-e/imat$4 ,! flora ( ! ,c>bonif]\s p]iod 0 compos$ ( tree f]ns ( ! ,sagill>ia & ,lepidod5dron species :i* h s9ce become ext9ct2 b ! ,l+ula1 a %ell 9 ! ,cambrian & ,upp] ,silurian =mations1 & ! ,t]bratula1 ano!r %ell1 is f\nd 9 ! ,devonian rocks4 ,bo? ( ^! are f\nd liv+ to-day1 ( ! same id5tical g5us & species4 ,9 ! ,silurian rocks1 we f9d ! rema9s ( an air-brea?+ scorpion1 v simil> to t f\nd to-day1 :i* %[s t ! atmosph]e at t remote p]iod 0 practically ! same z we h at ! pres5t "t4 ,9 ! ,mesozoic "t1 we f9d deposits aggregat+ "s fifte5 ?\s& feet1 & inasmu* z ! ,triassic s&/ones 7 =mations ( sl[ deposition1 our h]et(ore e/abli%$ rate w n answ] ! conditions4 ,x has be5 e/imat$1 aft] ! mo/ c>eful /udy ( ! ,triassic & ,jurassic measures1 t probably no less ?an ?irty million ye>s 7 occupi$ by ^! p]iods1 & t ! *alk deposits ( ! ,cretace\s mu/ h tak5 at ! pres5t kn[n rate1 9 l =mations1 some:at ov] six million ye>s ( ceaseless activity4 ,?is gives to ,mesozoic "t a p]iod ( ?irty-six million ye>s1 z a m9imum1 &1 f :at we "k ( ! rate ( biological evolution1 ?is figure is cons]vative4 ,! fir/ p]iod ( ! ,mesozoic "t 0 *>act]iz$ by monotremes1 ! ,jurassic by m>supials1 & ! latt] by ! fir/ ( man's direct prog5itors1 ! plac5tals4 ,! flora ( ?is p]iod consi/$ almo/ entirely ( gymnosp]ms1 or nak$ se$ plants1 &1 z f> z we "k1 at ! close ( ?is second great division ( geological "t1 conditions on ! e>? 71 9 all respects1 v mu* z !y are to-day4 ,conc]n+ ! climatic conditions at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,c5ozoic "t1 we h e reason to believe t f ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,l[] ,silurian epo*1 until !n1 !re 7 no climatic zones ^u ! e>?4 ,n only h coral =mations be5 f\nd 9 :at are n[ ,arctic wat]s1 :5 we "k t su* reefs are =m$ only 9 wat]s :]e a mod]ately w>m temp]ature is con/antly ma9ta9$1 b ! cephalipods ( ! g5us ,ammonitoidea are f\nd 9 :at is n[ ! ,ant>ctic zone1 & 9 ! torrid4 ,:ile1 at ! pres5t "t1 we _c see h[ ! obliquity ( ! e>?'s poles to ! plane ( ! ecliptic c\ld h be5 *ang$ aft] ! e>? began its c>e] z an indep5d5t planet1 yet ! facts above /at$ %[ t ! climatic zones mu/ h be5 unkn[n dur+ ! ,t]ti>y p]iod4 ,our common cypress1 :i* is n[ s pl5tiful 9 ,florida & ,cali=nia1 _h v close relatives liv+ z f> nor? z ,spitzb]g51 z lately z ,mioc5e "t4 ,magnolias1 :i* are n[ s abundant 9 all ( ! ,gulf ,/ates1 are pl5tifully f\nd 9 ! ,mioc5e /rata ( ,gre5l&4 ,return+ to ! l5g? ( ! ,t]ti>y p]iod1 x is well to note t1 cov]+ ,wyom+ & ,nebraska1 !re 0 an imm5se lake1 at lea/ z l>ge z ,lake ,sup]ior is to-day1 & into :i* sev]al q l>ge riv]s empti$1 ^: head wat]s 7 9 ! surr\nd+ m\nta9 ranges4 ,?is lake 0 at "o "t at lea/ five ?\s& feet deep1 & 0 completely fill$ up by ! f9e mud & silt1 z ! =mation n[ %[s1 al?\gh at ! kn[n rate ( fill+ 9 ( small] mod]n lakes1 into :i* riv]s1 :i* orig9ate 9 glaci]s1 empty1 ?is w\ld h tak5 ! bett] "p ( fifty ?\s& ye>s4 ,?is figure is p>ticul>ly cons]vative1 z dur+ ! ,eoc5e p]iod1 !re c\ld h be5 nei!r glaci]s nor melt+ sn[fields to assi/ 9 ! d5udation at ! head wat]s ( ! tribut>y riv]s4 ,dur+ ! ,mioc5e p]iod1 _m ( ! be/ geologi/s hold t ,am]ica & ,europe 7 connect$1 & !re are c]ta9 simil>ities 9 _! fauna & flora :i* make ?is v probable4 ,suppos+ t ?is depression :i* con/itutes ! b$ ( ! ,nor? ,atlantic ,ocean1 took place at ! highe/ kn[n rate ( subsid5ce1 z measur$ ^u ! coa/ ( ,sw$5 to-day1 x is almo/ impossible to /ate ! am\nt ( "t t necess>ily elaps$ f ! beg9n+ ( ! s9k+ ( ?is /rip until x f9ally w5t bel[ ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,t su* *anges 9 level did take place 9 ! ,t]ti>y p]iod1 no "o c d\bt1 z *alk deposits 9 ,engl&1 :i* mu/ h be5 laid d[n 9 ! deep oceans1 h n[ an elevation ( ?\s&s ( feet4 ,! ,nummulite lime/one ( ?is same p]iod is f\nd 9 bo? ! ,alps & ! ,himalayas1 at an elevation z great z t5 ?\s& feet4 ,! consid]ation ( ! fact t ! greate/ kn[n rate ( elevation or subsid5ce is1 p]haps1 sc>cely m ?an two feet p] c5tury makes ! figure ( five hundr$ ?\s& ye>s1 z a m9imum = ,plioc5e "t1 seem r cons]vative4 ,t[>d ! close ( ! ,t]ti>y era ! f9i%+ t\*es 7 plac$ ^u "s ( ! greate/ ( ! geological works4 ,! fold+ ( ! /rata1 :i* _h be5 go+ on = a long p]iod 9 ,ea/]n ,new ,york1 0 br\ght to an end by a viol5t rupture !re91 & ! out-ru%+ igne\s rock1 :i* 0 subsequ5tly cool$ rapidly by ! floods ( wat] fl[+ ov] x1 gave u ! beautiful palisades ( ! ,hudson ,riv]4 ,9 ! we/1 ?is fold+ result$ 9 ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s & ! ,coa/ ,range1 ) _! att5dant high plateaux4 ,9 ,europe1 ! ,alps & ! ,pyr5ees ,m\nta9s bo? belong to ?is p]iod1 :ile ! gr&e/ & highe/ ( all m\nta9 *a9s1 ! ,himalayas1 ( ,asia1 7 ! culm9at+ effect ( ! gigantic fold+s ( ! e>?'s cru/4 ,! deposits ( ! ,t]ti>y p]iod w aggregate some:at m ?an ?ree ?\s& feet1 &1 inasmu* z ?is entire "t 0 "o ( cont9u$ *ange 9 level1 or ! fluctuation betwe5 ! subsid5ce ( ! e>?'s /rata on ! "o h& & ! elevation on ! o!r 7p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,plioc5e p]iod71 x is v h>d to =m any conjecture z to ! actual am\nt ( "t requir$ to d ?is "w4 ,c]ta9ly1 f :at we "k ( ! rate at :i* l ph5om5a are tak+ place at ! pres5t "t 9 ,nor!a/]n ,nor? ,am]ica1 9 ,nor?we/]n ,europe1 & ,we/]n ,asia1 ! figure1 z sometimes giv51 ( t5 million ye>s seems v cons]vative4 ,9 ! brief review :i* we h j giv51 ( :at c be cons]vatively consid]$ ! m9imum limits ( geological "t1 we h tak5 into acc\nt g5]ally only p]iods ( activity1 & 9 b a few cases has any e/imation be5 haz>d$ z to ! proportion :i* ?is 0 ( ! :ole "t consum$ 9 br++ ab\t ! *anges :i* ! fossils %[ s cle>ly to h tak5 place dur+ ! v>i\s epo*s4 ,b "o ?+ %\ld be kept cle>ly 9 m9d1 & t is1 t no matt] h[ long geological "t may seem1 x is b an inf9itely small fraction ( ! p]iod :i* mu/ h elaps$ s9ce ! _w came into exi/5ce1 z ?is globe _h to cool d[n to bel[ ! boil+ po9t ( wat] be=e any geological records c\ld be made4 ,:5 ?\ght ( 9 ?is way1 ! ,laur5tian p]iod becomes z b ye/]day1 & ev5 man's dwell+ place1 :i* seems relatively s l>ge1 dw9dles into no?+ness1 :5 comp>$ ) ! va/ness ( ! int]/ell> spaces or ! size ( ! l>g] />s4 ,:oev] consci5ti\sly endeavors to =m any idea ( ! tea*+s ( a/ronomy & geology1 mu/ necess>ily feel any prejudice :i* he _h = man z ! object & culm9ation ( ei!r ! evolution>y or creative p[]1 %r9k at a trem5d\s rate1 :ile ov] 8 m5tality comes ! s5se ( 8 dim9utiv5ess1 :i* awak5s 9 him a bro!rly feel+ = ev5 ! primitive s+le-cell$ ,laur5tian ,eozoon ,canad5sis1 or ! unnucleat$ mon]a ( ! pres5t "t4 ,x mu/ h be5 ?is same s5se-p]ception 9 ! ,h9doos :i* made !m wor%ip & rev]e life :]ev] !y f\nd x1 & :i* inspir$ !m ) s active a sympa?y t[>d all liv+ ?+s4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! ,,l5g? ,,( ,,"t ,,dur+ ,,:i* ,,man ,,has ,,exi/$ ,9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 no m5tion has be5 made ( ! l5g? ( ! ,quat]n>y sub-division ( ,c5ozoic "t1 & x w n[ be our aim to briefly review ?is p]iod & !n inve/igate ! evid5ce :i* we h z to h[ mu* ( ?is "t man has be5 a portion ( its fauna4 ,) ! op5+ ( ! ,quat]n>y ,p]iod1 we come to :at is und\bt$ly ! mo/ rem>kable era 9 all geological "t4 ,f a climate :i* _h be51 h]et(ore1 uni=mly1 w>mly temp]ate1 ) b few exceptions1 we come to a p]iod kn[n z ! ,glacial1 9 :i*1 by a depression 9 ! temp]ature1 all vegetation & animals 9 high latitudes 7 kill$2 viz43 9 ! c5tral we/--almo/ to ! ,ohio ,riv]2 9 ,europe--to ! nor!rn "p ( ,italy--:ile ! addition ( va/ quantities ( ice to ! oceans1 de/roy$ all life 9 !m to ab\t ! latitude ( ! nor!rn portion ( ! ,gulf ( ,mexico4 ,nor 0 ?is p]iod ( cold conf9$ to ! nor!rn hemisph]e1 z ! s\!rn "p ( ,s\? ,am]ica & ,africa %[4 ,conc]n+ ! cause ( ! ,glacial ,p]iod1 b little is positively kn[n4 ,( ! !ories :i* h be5 advanc$1 x seems v plausible t p]haps two m cle>ly acc\nt = ! conditions :i* mu/ h !n exi/$1 if we consid] !m toge!r1 ?an all ! re/4 ,! geological record tea*es u t 9 ! s-call$ ,glacial ,p]iod1 at lea/ two di/9ct epo*s ( l[ temp]ature1 & ! consequ5tial accumulation ( ice1 are to be def9itely disc]n$4 ,/ill fur!r back1 we see evid5ce ( glacial action 9 ! ,p]mian ,/rata1 & possibly z f> back z ! ,cambrian =mations1 al?\gh ^! eras ( cold are n comp>able ) ! p]iod at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,quat]n>y "t4 ,croll1 ! ,scotti% physici/1 fir/ call$ att5tion to ! fact t at c]ta9 regul> int]vals ( "t1 ! precession ( ! equ9oxes1 & ! ecc5tricity ( ! e>?'s orbit1 w\ld s act 9 conjunction z to r5d] favorable a great _m conditions :i* w\ld c]ta9ly all po9t t[>d a p]iod ( extreme cold4 ,he calculat$ t ! e>? 0 travel+ ar\nd ! sun 9 an ellipse ( maximum ecc5tricity1 & t w9t] 0 occurr+ 9 ! nor!rn hemisph]e :5 ! e>? 0 fur!/ f ! sun1 = ! la/ "t "s qu>t] ( a million ye>s ago4 ,ab\t eighty ?\s& ye>s aft] ?is date1 ! co9cid5ce ( ! two ph5om5a rea*$ a maximum effect1 & ab\t eighty ?\s& ye>s lat]1 climatic conditions 7 aga9 ab\t z we h !m to-day4 ,^u ?is hypo!sis1 ano!r p]iod ( extreme cold mu/ h exi/$ "s "o-half million ye>s e>li]1 z calculations ^u ! same premises z 7 us$ 9 ! la/ computation w %[4 ,x is likewise true t1 accord+ to ?is !ory1 !re mu/ h be5 at lea/ "o o!r su* p]iod fur!r back 9 geological "t1 & x is n[ to be se5 :e!r our records1 z %[n by ! /rata1 e/abli% ^! facts4 ,prior to ! enunciation ( ?is !ory by ,croll1 ! fam\s ,engli% geologi/1 ,sir ,*>les ,lyell1 f measurem5ts ( ! /rata1 _h calculat$ t ! la/ p]iod ( glaciation occurr$ ab\t z ,croll /at$1 & t a p]iod ( cold & ice f> m int5se & ext5sive occurr$ "s f\r or five hundr$ ?\s& ye>s e>li]4 ,mr4 ,la+ has %[n t1 9 ord] to make su* conditions z mu/ h exi/$ at ?is "t1 n only is a l[ temp]ature necess>y1 b a c]ta9 am\nt ( l& mu/ h an elevation suffici5t to give ! requir$ initial fall to ! ice riv]1 s t x may move ov] ! ob/acles 9 its way1 & t ! high] su* elevations 9 ! ,arctic zones1 & ! great] ! humidity ( ! air :5 x /rikes su* elevat$ pol> plateaux1 ! m augm5t$ w be ! probability ( glacial activity4 ,! rapidity ( ! glaci]'s movem5t c h no be>+ ^u ! duration ( ! glacial p]iod1 inasmu* z a c]ta9 l5g? ( "t may h be5 requir$ = ! ice-cap to =m & pu% =w>d to a c]ta9 place1 & x may h rema9$ !re = an indet]m9ate p]iod1 gov]n$ only by ! am\nt ( sn[ deposit$ ^u ! orig9al s\rce1 & ! rapidity ( melt+ at ! mora9e4 ,9 ,ea/]n ,engl&1 no less ?an f\r di/9ct b\ld] clays h be5 f\nd sep>at$ by ! dbris deposit$ f ! mora9es ( ea* ice %eet1 & a few hundr$ miles away 9 ,france1 ! record is s c]ta9 t we "k t ! ,arctic fauna & flora gave away twice = t ( ! w>m] p>ts ( ! ,temp]ate zones4 ,we are c]ta9 t bo? t portion ( ,sc&9avia & ,canada1 :i* 7 ! c5t]s ( ! great ,european & ,am]ican ice-caps1 _h an elevation greatly 9 excess ( :at x is to-day1 at ! "t ( ! glacial epo*4 ,dur+ ! fir/ glaciation1 ,ea/]n ,canada1 or t "p s\? ( ,hudson's ,bay1 0 c]ta9ly tw5ty-five hundr$ feet high] ?an x is n[1 & ! area cov]$ by ocean =mations or m>9e b$s to ! s\?w>d1 %[ t at ! same "t ^! sections 7 v mu* l[] ?an !y are at ! pres5t day4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! ,atlantic ,ocean1 ! elevation 9 ,norway 0 at lea/ a c\ple ( ?\s& feet m ?an at pres5t2 :ile bo? ,engl& & ,irel& h ris5 a consid]able am\nt s9ce ?is p]iod4 ,!re are o!r ways by :i* we may =m "s e/imate ( ! "t :i* has elaps$ s9ce ! melt+ away ( ! great glaci]s1 besides t giv5 by ,croll4 ,f measurem5ts tak5 on ,table ,rock1 at ,niag>a ,falls1 :i* we "k has rec$$ 9 po/-glacial times f ,lewi/on to ! place :i* x occupies at pres5t1 we are c]ta9 t ,lyell 0 n f> wrong :5 he e/imat$ ?is to h tak5 at lea/ sixty ?\s& ye>s4 ,%al]1 on entirely diff]5t gr\nds1--ma9ly ! r$i/ribution ( c]ta9 angiosp]ms--has arriv$ at figures 9 excess ( ^!4 ,calculations made ^u ! canyons ( ! ,columbia1 ,san ,joaqu91 & ,colorado ,riv]s1 all %[ ! e/imations previ\sly giv5 to be cons]vative4 ,( c\rse1 ! figures giv5 w apply only to ! "t :i* has elaps$ s9ce ! melt+ ( ! ,am]ican ice-cap1 z we h no means ( kn[+ t ! ,am]ican & ,european glaci]s act$ at all 9 unison 9 _! retreat to ! nor?w>d4 ,! mann] 9 :i* we c get "s idea ( ! l5g? ( "t requir$ to acc\nt = ! enorm\s quantity ( "w done 9 ! ,*ampla9 p]iod1 is by tak+ into acc\nt ! deposits :i* lie 9 almo/ all ( ! great riv] valleys :i* 7 cov]$ by ! glaci]s1 or ^: wat]%$s 7 made into lakes by ! subsid5ce ( ! l& to ! nor?1 & ! rapid melt+ ( t portion ( ! ice-cap :i* conta9$ /ones1 dirt1 & o!r mat]ial pick$ up 9 ! travels ( ! glaci] across ! c\ntry4 ,! ,rh9e1 ! ,rhone1 & ! ,danube 9 ,europe1 & ! ,/4 ,lawr5ce1 ! ,connecticut1 & ! ,mississippi 9 ,am]ica1 all fl[ ?r\gh valleys l9$ ) cliffs ( loess4 ,^! accumulations ov]ly+ ! co>s] s&s & gravels1 & con=m+ to ! riv] valleys1 h be5 measur$ 9 ! case ( ! ,rh9e1 & 7 f\nd to be ab\t eight hundr$ feet 9 dep?4 ,x is unreasonable to suppose t ^! deposits be+1 z !y are1 mat]ial ?r[n d[n out ( ! wat] aft] ! riv]s _h lo/ _! transport+ p[]1 c\ld h accumulat$ at a great] rate ?an t n[ go+ on 9 ! riv]s1 su* z ! ,mississippi & ! ,nile1 to-day1 & if ?is 0 ! case1 ^! deposits mu/ h tak5 no less ?an ?ree hundr$ & tw5ty-five ?\s& ye>s to =m4 ,inasmu* z ?is "w 0 all done dur+ ! ,*ampla9 p]iod1 ?is figure c be safely tak5 z ! m9imum = ! measure ( ! duration ( t "t4 ,arriv+ n[ at ! rec5t p]iod ( ,quat]n>y "t1 we f9d 9 ,europe evid5ces ( a v %ort & less int5se p]iod ( cold2 9 ! rema9s ( ! re9de] & o!r ,arctic animals 9 s\!rn ,france4 ,associat$ ) ^!1 al?\gh ( a lat] p]iod1 we f9d ! bones ( ! cave be>1 hy5a1 & lion1 & 9 _m ( ! localities intimately associat$ ) ^! are ! bones ( man4 ,9 fact1 s9ce ! fir/ discov]y ( ! paleoli?ic implem5ts 9 ! gravels ( ! ,somme1 !re h be5 almo/ c\ntless f9ds ( human rema9s 9 ,engl&1 ,france1 ,belgium1 ,spa91 ,italy1 & ,greece1 9 ,europe2 ,algi]s1 ,morocco1 ,egypt1 & ,natal1 9 ,africa2 9 ,*9a1 ,japan1 ,india1 ,syria1 & ,pale/9e1 9 ,asia2 9 ,brazil & ,arg5t9a 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 & 9 no less ?an t5 ,/ates ( ?is c\ntry1 associat$ ) /one implem5ts or paleoli?s1 & all ( :i*1 dat+ f ! beg9n+ ( ! ,quat]n>y p]iod1 h e/abli%$ ! c]ta9ty ( human exi/5ce dur+ ! entire ,quat]n>y era1 beyond ! possibility ( d\bt4 ,! evid5ces ( ! exi/5ce ( ! human species dur+ ,t]ti>y "t are _m1 & h>dly a ye> goes by )\t add+ ano!r discov]y ( human rema9s 9 ! deposits belong+ to ?is p]iod4 ,to beg9 )1 ! exi/5ce ( man s g5]ally & widely di/ribut$ z we f9d him to be at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,quat]n>y p]iod1 is almo/ prima facie evid5ce ( 8 occupation ( ! e>? = "s "t previ\s4 ,) ! means ( communication & ! motives = x1 su* z !y mu/ h be5 at ?is remote p]iod1 we "k t ?\s&s ( ye>s w\ld h be5 requir$ to scatt] any species all ov] ! e>?1 z we h se5 t man 0 f ! locations ( ! rema9s f\nd4 ,fur!r ?an ?is1 !re are ?ree well-au!nticat$ cases :]e ! bones ( ,t]ti>y animals h be5 f\nd1 ^u :i* !re 7 cuts made by edg$ tools1 :i* c\ld h be5 made only by human ag5cy4 ,s9ce ^! h be5 discov]$1 crude implem5ts z well z human bones h be5 f\nd 9 no less ?an a doz5 places 9 bo? ! ,ea/]n & ,we/]n ,hemisph]es1 :i* atte/1 beyond d\bt1 to man's hav+ exi/$ s9ce ! ,middle ,mioc5e or e>ly ,plioc5e "t4 ,we n only h ! op9ions ( su* au?orities z ,rames1 ,hamy1 ,mortillet1 ,quatrefages1 & ,delauney1 to accept 9 ?is matt]1 b ! m rec5t ?or\gh inve/igations ( ,la+ & ,haeckel4 ,turn+ n[ f geological evid5ce to t f\nd$ ^u o!r obs]vations1 z to ! l5g? ( "t man has be5 an inhabitant ( ! e>?1 p]haps "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ discov]ies 0 t ( ! ,tumuli or m\nds ( %ells ( su* animals z ! oy/]1 cockle1 limpet1 etc41 &1 along ) ?is1 ! bones ( birds1 wild animals1 & fi%1 toge!r ) /one implem5ts & rude pott]y4 ,^! kit*5-midd5s 7 fir/ discov]$ 9 ,d5m>k1 b !y h s9ce be5 f\nd 9 _m c\ntries :]e savages h liv$ along ! coa/4 ,9 _m ( ! ,swiss lakes1 su* z ,zuri* & ,neuf*atel1 !re h be5 f\nd piles driv5 into ! gr\nd1 ar\nd :i*1 9 dr$g+1 human bones1 z well z /one implem5ts1 h be5 br\ght up1 & :i* are n[ kn[n to h be5 ! dwell+-places & rema9s ( prehi/oric peoples1 :o locat$ 9 ?is mann] s z to protect !mselves f pr[l+ wild animals & f _! savage neighbors4 ,f ! am\nt & "* ( ^! deposits1 we are =c$ to assume t ! habitations 7 us$ = a long p]iod1 & f geological computation ( ! "t requir$ to deposit ! silt ar\nd ^! piles 9 ! ,swiss ,lake-villages1 & f ! simil>ity ( ! rema9s 9 ! ,dani% peat-mosses & ! kit*5-midd5s no p]iod c\ld be assign$ to _! antiquity ( less ?an sev5 ?\s& ye>s4 ,our e>lie/ record ( hi/oric man is f\nd 9 ! ,valley ( ! ,nile1 :]e we c say ) c]ta9ty t1 ov] sev5 ?\s& ye>s ago1 !re exi/$ a high /ate ( civilization "u ! old ,egyptian ,empire4 ,m5es 0 ! fir/ record$ k+ :o sat on ! ?rone1 & dur+ ! six dyna/ies ( k+s :i* compos$ ?is p]iod1 we see ! rise to supremacy ( ,memphis1 ! build+ ( ! pyramids1 ! accumulation ( a v>i$ & ext5sive lit]ature1 & ! p]fection ( ! indu/rial & f9e arts4 ,9 fact1 s fai?fully & inde/ructibly 7 ! l9es ( human faces reproduc$ ^u /one & o!r mat]ials1 t1 at ?is day1 we h no difficulty 9 id5tify+ ! diff]5t races ( m5 f _! resemblance at ! pres5t "t4 ,m5es1 himself1 c>ri$ to completion ! great eng9e]+ feat ( turn+ ! c\rse ( ! ,nile s z to obta9 a site = 8 capital1 at ,memphis4 ,8 successor 0 n only a patron b a practition] ( ! art ( m$ic9e4 ,f ! monum5ts & papyri ( ! great tombs ( ,ghizeh & ,sakk>a1 we h le>n$ s mu* ( ! social & political life ( ,egypt at ?is p]iod ?r\gh ! deciph]+ ( ! ,rosetta /one by ,*ampollion1 t we may be said to h a v accurate k ( mank9d1 z 8 exi/5ce 0 condition$ 9 ,egypt f f\r to five ?\s& ye>s be=e ! beg9n+ ( our pres5t era4 ,f ,memphis1 ! seat ( ! gov]nm5t fir/ %ifts to ,h]acleopolis1 & !n to ,!bes1 &1 dur+ ^! *anges1 we see ,egypt g back into ! night ( semi-b>b>ism 7comp>atively speak+71 & aft] a long p]iod ( "t to aga9 develop a high /ate ( civilization1 "u a new language & a new religion1 9 ! elev5? dyna/y4 ,egyptian influ5ce ext5d$ f ! equator on ! s\?1 to s\!rn ,syria on ! nor?1 & ,isis & ,osiris 7 ! deities t comm&$ ! v5]ation ( ! !n civiliz$ _w4 ,! k+s ( ?is dyna/y built ! fam\s labyr9? ( ,fay\m1 :]e 9 ! des]t 0 =m$ a l>ge artificial lake ) tunnels & sluices s arrang$ t ! annual inundations ( ! ,nile 7 p>tially controll$ by all[+ ! surplus wat] to fill ?is lake1 & 9 ! "t ( a dr\?1 lett+ x out to irrigate ! valley z ne$$4 ,_m temples1 obelisks1 & /atues 7 erect$1 & ! p]iod 0 "o ( social & lit]>y activity4 ,ab\t two ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 ! seat ( ! gov]nm5t 0 transf]r$ f ,!bes to ! ,delta1 &1 %ortly aft] ?is1 ! ,hyksos dyna/y began ) a conque/ by ^! invad]s1 :o laid all ,egypt "u tribute4 ,! conqu]ors adopt$ bo? ! civilization & ! religion ( _! subjects1 & reign$ ov] ,egypt some:at m ?an five hundr$ ye>s4 ,_! expulsion m>ks ! beg9n+ ( ! new empire1 :i* ext5d$ ! ,egyptian influ5ce f ! ,p]sian ,gulf to ! ,m$it]ranean1 & subjugat$ bo? ,babylon & ,n9eveh4 ,f ?is "t on1 we are on c]ta9 & firm hi/orical gr\nds1 & ) ! f\nd+ ( ! great libr>y at ,alex&ria1 by ,ptolemy ,philadelphus1 ,egypt receiv$ h] la/ great lit]>y impulse1 & s9ce ! f\r? c5tury ( ?is era ! "p :i* %e has play$ 9 ! /ruggle ( humanity has be5 inconsid]able4 ,f o!r data ga!r$ by ,horn]1 :o sunk num]\s %afts across ! ,nile ,valley at ,memphis1 & :o br\ght up copp] knives & pott]y f dep?s approximately ( sixty feet1 x has be5 calculat$1 f ! rate ( deposition 9 t valley to-day1 t ^! rema9s are upw>d ( tw5ty-five ?\s& ye>s old4 ,9 o!r places1 ,paleoli?s h be5 f\nd t are und\bt$ly v mu* old] ?an ! olde/ temples & tombs4 ,fur!rmore1 we "k t 9 all ! traditions ( ?is c\ntry1 ! fir/ inhabitants are repres5t$ z be+ auto*?on\s1 :i*1 if correct1 mu/ mean a v great /ate ( antiquity1 s f> z man is conc]n$2 if x be grant$ t ?is ,egyptian civilization1 :i* is kn[n to h exi/$ at ,memphis1 _h to develop ( its own accord 9 ! ,valley ( ! ,nile1 abundantly f]tile ?\gh x always has be54 ,9 ! valleys ( ! ,euphrates & ,tigris ,riv]s1 we h fur!r evid5ce ( ! exi/5ce ( a high /ate ( civilization1 z tak5 f ! cyl9d] ( ,s>gon ,i1 :i* reads1 ,%>ruk9 ! mighty k+ am ,i1 :o knew n 8 fa!r1 b ^: "m 0 a royal pr9cess1 :o1 to conceal my bir?1 plac$ me 9 a basket ( ru%es clos$ ) pit*1 & ca/ me into ! riv]1 f :i* ,i 0 sav$ by ,akki1 ! wat]-c>ri]1 :o br\ght me up z 8 own *ild4 ,! date ( ?is k+ is g5]ally accept$ z ab\t f\r ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 & 8 exploits h be5 f\nd pictur$ & describ$ on ! relics tak5 f ,cyprus1 ,syria1 & ,babylonia4 ,he did = ,mesopotamia :at ,m5es did = ,egypt1 & ! pre/ige ( 8 arms1 & ! r5[n ( 8 civilization1 spread ov] all ,asia ,m9or4 ,z a patron ( lit]ature1 he f\nd$ "s ( ! mo/ fam\s libr>ies 9 ,babylonia1 & compil$ a "w ( sev5ty-two volumes on ,a/ronomy & ,a/rology1 :i* 0 ev5 translat$ into ,greek4 ,f rec5t rese>*es1 :i* h result$ 9 ! f9d+ ( a great _m clay tablets f ! libr>ies ( ,mesopotamia1 x seems c]ta9 t ?is ,s>gon ,i1 ^u 8 asc5sion to ! ?rone1 f\nd ! ,accadian p 7he 0 a ,semite7 already enjoy+ a high civilization1 ) sacr$ temples1 a sacr$ & pr(ane lit]ature1 & "o :o _h a l>ge & well-ord]$ k ( a/ronomy1 z well z ( agriculture & ! indu/rial arts4 ,f ! ar*ological rema9s :i* h be5 discov]$1 &1 9 p>ticul>1 ! m>ble /atue ( a k+ by ! "n ( ,david1 :i* 0 rec5tly f\nd at ,bis9ya1 & ^: antiquity is probably great] ?an #d1ejj ,b4 ,c41 x is entirely cons]vative to assume t ,*aldean civilization 0 z old1 if n old]1 ?an t ( ,egypt2 :ile no figure c be set ^u ! l5g? ( "t :i* 0 requir$ 9 ^! f]tile valleys = ?is /ate ( affairs to develop f a condition ( b>b>ism4 ,9 ,*9a1 /rangely en\gh1 :]e ! olde/ hi/orical records w\ld be expect$1 we c f9d no?+ to comp>e ) ! ,egyptian papyri or ! ,*aldean clay-cyl9d]s1 & compet5t au?orities are well agre$ t !re is great reason to suppose t mu* ( ! e>ly civilization 0 br\ght f ,accadia4 ,9 any case1 at ! dawn ( hi/ory1 we f9d ,*9a j z %e is to-day3--an ov]populat$1 agricultural c\ntry1 :]e bl9d imitation ( pr$ecessors rul$1 &1 consequ5tly1 progress1 unless br\ght 9 by conque/1 is extremely sl[4 ,if ! empire 0 f\nd$1 z has be5 suppos$1 by an ,accadian invasion or immigration1 :i* mu/ h occurr$ ab\t #e1jjj ,b4 ,c41 or at lea/ be=e ! "t ( ,s>gon ,i1 !n ^! w&]]s drove out ! aborig9al inhabitants1 ! ,mi\tse1 :o h be5 cr[d$ at la/ into ! m\nta9s ( ! we/]n prov9ces4 ,c]ta9 x is t no great] date c be assign$ to ! civilization ( ?is c\ntry1 at ! beg9n+ ( its hi/orical record1 ?an ab\t #b1gej ,b4 ,c41 :i* "t is kn[n 9 ,*9ese tradition z ! ,age ( ! ,five ,rul]s4 ,p]haps next 9 ord] ( antiquity1 comes ! small c\ntry kn[n z ,elam1 ly+ betwe5 ! ,tigris ,riv] & ! ,lagros ,m\nta9s1 & ext5d+ to ! s\? along ! ea/]n %ore ( ! ,p]sian ,gulf to ! ,arabian ,sea4 ,z 9 bo? ,egypt & ,*aldea1 ?is c\ntry 0 br\ght into prom95ce by an aggressive & w>like k+1--! fam\s ,cyrus ( hi/ory1--&1 =tunately1 8 clay-cyl9d]2 f "o ( ! magnific5t libr>ies ( ,susa1 or ,%u%an2 0 rec5tly f\nd by ,mr4 ,rassam1 amid ! dbris compos+ ! m\nd1 :i* is n[ ! only m>k left to %[ :]e ^! great c5t]s ( population once 71 9 ! f]tile valleys & coa/ pla9s ( ?is "p ( ,asia2 & ?is cyl9d] is n[ kept1 ) hundr$s f l s\rces1 9 ! ,briti% ,museum at ,london4 ,on ?is memorial cyl9d]1 ,cyrus gives 8 g5ealogy & an acc\nt ( 8 exploits1 & we f9d t he came f a l9e ( k+s1 & held to ! popul> fai? ( 8 c\ntry1 ?ank+ & petition+ ! :ole ,elamite ,hi]>*y ( gods4 ,cyrus c>ri$ ! ,elamite arms into s\!rn ,syria & ,pale/9e1 & ov]?rew ,mesopotamia ab\t #b1cjj ,b4 ,c4 ,x 0 ! reaction f ?is conque/ t caus$ "s ( ! mo/ gigantic /ruggles ( antiquity4 ,( ! ,pho5ician cities ( ,tyre & ,sidon1 no def9ite hi/orical record c be f\nd e>li] ?an f fifte5 hundr$ to two ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/4 ,! ,hittite civilization & influ5ce we f9d at _! height at ab\t ! same "t1 b "h we c get no inkl+ ( a great] antiquity = man ?an t giv5 9 ! ,middle ,egyptian ,empire4 ,9 ! cities ( ,troy & ,myc51 we f9d civilization at its cre/ "s five hundr$ ye>s lat]1 & x is n until we come to ,arabia t we aga9 f9d evid5ce ( su* high antiquity z we f9d 9 ,*aldea & ,egypt4 ,! old k+dom ( ,saba 0 built ^u ! ru9s ( a /ill old]1 kn[n z ,ma'91 & ! =m] 0 9 its decl9e z an empire at ! beg9n+ ( ! eigh? c5tury1 ,b4 ,c4 ,n[1 contempor>y hi/ory %[s t ?is c\ntry has gone ?r\gh all ! trans=mations :i* ,egypt & ,*aldea _h1 & if ?is is also true ( ! ,ma'9 k+dom1 !n a date ( great antiquity mu/ be giv5 to x4 ,b ^! are n c]ta9ties1 :ile 9 ! cases ( ,*aldea & ,egypt !re c be no mi/ake4 ,! ,israelite civilization 0 at its height "u ,david & ,solomon1 ab\t contemporane\sly ) t ( ,troy & ,myc51 & ev5 ! ,hebrew tradition does n attempt to ant$ate ! ye> #b1jjj ,b4 ,c41 s t we c obta9 no in=mation f ?is s\rce4 ,greece fl\ri%$ b five hundr$ ye>s be=e ! pres5t era1 & ev5 if we reg>d ,hom] z au!ntic1 no m remote date c be giv5 to _! e>lie/ civilization ?an t ( ! attack by ! ,hell5es ^u ,troy1 :i* 0 ab\t #a1jjj ,b4 ,c4 ,9 ! ,we/]n ,hemisph]e ar*eologi/s are e ye> mak+ valuable discov]ies 9 ,mexico & ,p]u :i* w probably give a remote date = ! civilizations :i* fl\ri%$ 9 ^! c\ntries long be=e ! conque/s ( ! ,spani>ds4 ,! great pyramids ( ! ,sun & ,moon on ! ,mexican plateau & ! simil>ity ( _! design & ori5tation ) ! ,egyptian all po9t to an int]*ange ( ideas betwe5 ! ,ea/ & ! ,we/ 9 prehi/oric "t4 ,! geological table giv5 at ! close ( ?is *apt] may be ( int]e/1 z a c>eful consid]ation ( x1 & ! =ego+ facts1 w %[ ! real value ( man 9 nature4 ,t man is asc5d5t n[1 does n1 9 ! light ( exp]i5ce1 mean necess>ily t he w by any means rema9 s4 ,9 ! w>m ,*ampla9 p]iod1 we "k t brute mammals ?riv$ & atta9$ gigantic size1 &1 z ,dana aptly rem>ks1 ! great abundance ( _! rema9s & _! conditions %[ t ! climate & food 7 all t c\ld h be5 desir$4 ,yet ! ma/odon & ! cave-be> h gone1 toge!r ) c\ntless o!r species :i* h become ext9ct1 &1 if sci5ce tea*es any?+ at all1 x tells u t nature delights 9 fo/]+ "o species at ! exp5se ( ano!r4 ,9 ! case ( man1 we mo/ cle>ly see ?is4 ,= ! hi/orical succession ( v]tebrate fossils corresponds completely ) ! morphological scale :i* is reveal$ to u by comp>ative anatomy & ontology4 ,aft] ! ,silurian fi%es come ! dipnoi ( ! ,devonian p]iod1--! ,c>bonif]\s amphibia1 ! ,p]mian reptilia & ! ,mesozoic ,mammals4 ,( ^! aga91 ! l[e/ =ms1 ! monotremes1 appe> fir/ 9 ! ,triassic p]iod2 ! m>supials 9 ! ,jurassic1 & !n ! olde/ plac5tals 9 ! ,cretace\s4 ,( ! plac5tals1 9 turn1 ! fir/ to appe> 9 ! olde/ ,t]ti>y p]iod are ! l[e/ primates1 ! prosimi1 :i* are foll[$ by ! simi1 9 ! ,mioc5e4 ,( ! c>rh91 ! cynopi!ci prec$e ! an?ropomorpha2 f "o bran* ( ! latt]1 dur+ ! ,plioc5e p]iod1 arises ! apeman1 )\t spee*1 & f him desc5ds f9ally ! speak+ man4 ,s9ce ! g]m ( ! human embryo passes ?r\gh ! same *ordula-/ages z ! g]m ( all o!r v]tebrates2 s9ce x evolves1 simil>ly1 out ( ! two g]m9al lay]s ( a ga/rula1 we inf] by virtue ( ! biog5etic law1 ! e>ly exi/5ce ( correspond+ ance/ral =ms4 ,mo/ important ( all is ! fact t ! human embryo1 l t ( all o!r animals1 arises1 orig9ally1 f a s+le cell1 = ?is /em-cell--! impregnat$ egg cell--po9ts1 indubitably1 to a correspond+ unicellul> ance/or1 a primitive ,laur5tian protozoon4 ,9 ! =ego+ quotation1 ,haeckel cle>ly /ates :at e geologi/ & embryologi/ pla9ly kn[s to be ! tru?1 & 9 ?is case1 z 9 all o!rs1 does x hold good3 ,because tru? is tru?1 to foll[ tru? ,7 wisdom1 9 ! scorn ( consequ5ce4 ,= any human be+1 end[$ ) reason1 to wilfully deceive himself c\ld be no?+ less ?an ! height ( folly4 ,!re is no?+ m pitiful 9 all lit]ature ?an ,cic]o1 at ! close ( 8 ,de ,s5ectute1 b[$ d[n ) ye>s1 & cru%$ ) grief ov] ! loss ( 8 son & intimate fri5ds1 say+ t if 8 belief 9 p]sonal immortality be illogical & untrue1 z he almo/ intimates t he ?9ks x m ?an likely to be1 !n he wi%es to will+ly delude himself = ! satisfaction :i* he w get !refrom4 ,h[ diff]5t f ! man :o1 9 8 impea*m5t ( ,v]res1 or 8 def5se ( ,ar*ias1 runs ! *ance ( public disfavor1--always little less ?an dea? to ! politician1--or ev5 to t /aun* patriot1 :o1 ) almo/ 8 la/ brea?1 defi$ ! p[]ful ,antony1 al?\gh x co/ him 8 life6 ,h[ /range x is t ,tully did n realize t allegiance to ! tru?1 reg>dless ( :e!r x be = or aga9/ u1 c>ries ) x1 p] se1 ! greate/ ( all virtues1--! virtue ( s9c]ity4 ,polonius' dea? demon/rat$ ! tru? ( 8 philosophy3 ,?is above all3 to ?9e own self be true1 ,& x mu/ foll[ z ! night ! day1 ,?\ can/ n !n be false to any man4 ,9 consid]+ ?is problem ( ! orig9 & de/9y ( man1 :i*1 axiomatically1 includes ourselves1 let u rememb] t x matt]s n :at we may wi%1 = we h no *oice 9 ! matt]1--! tru? is inexorable1 &1 consequ5tly1 _c be influ5c$4 ,x is directly up to ea* human be+ to "w out ?is problem = himself1 & ?is c only be done by ! fe>less recognition ( ! tru?1 :]ev] f\nd4 ,x is 9 ?is _s t ! prec$+ & ! succe$+ *apt]s are writt51 & if !y conta9 mis/atem5ts & errors1 ! au?or w n only mo/ *e]fully ackn[l$ge ! same1 :5 prov5 to him1 b w accept ! logical conclusions drawn !refrom1 al?\gh !y may completely revolutionize ! philosophy ( life z he n[ sees x1 & is try+ to live x4 ,geological ,table1 %[+ ,approximate ,m9imum ,duration 9 ,"t4 ,comp>ative ,duration ( ,p]iods3 ,paleozoic1 #ab_/af?s2 ,mesozoic1 #c_/af?s2 ,c5ozoic1 #a_/af?4 ,geological ,"t1 at lea/ #bjj1jjj1jjj ye>s4 ,geological ,epo* ,petrographic ,asc5dant ,=m ,?ickness ,sub-,division ,=mation ( ,life ( ( ,g4 ,e4 ,deposits ,paleozoic ,laur5tian ,ar*aic ,igne\s ,eozoon ,rocks ,canad5se #cj1jjj ft4 ,cambrian or ,l4 ,silurian ,potsdam ,s&/one ,magnesian ,lime/one ,diatoms #ah1jjj ft4 ,tr5ton ,lime/one ,upp] ,silurian ,niag>a ,lime/one ,m$9a ,s&/one ,sal9e ,=mations ,l[] ,fi%es #bb1jjj ft4 ,l[] ,held]b]g ,oriskany ,s&/one ,devonian ,cornif]\s or ,upp] ,held]b]g ,lime/one1 ,dipnoi ,hamilton1 ,portage & ,*emung ,%ales ,c>bonif]\s ,cr9oidal ,lime/one ,l[] ,coal ,measures ,mill ,/one ,grit ,amphibia & #db1jjj ft4 ,upp] ,coal ,measures ,sagill>ia ,p]mian ,s&/one ,mesozoic ,triassic ,s&/ones ,monotremes & ,gymnosp]ms ,jurassic ,wassat* ,m\nta9s ,m>supials #ae1jjj ft4 ,cretace\s ,s&/one & ,*alk ,plac5tals ,c5ozoic ,t]ti>y-- ,l[e/ ,primates ,eoc5e & ,angiosp]ms #c1jjj ft4 ,mioc5e ,simi ,plioc5e ,cat>rh9 ,quat]n>y-- ,glacial ,*ampla9 ,rec5t ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,physical ,,limitations ,,( ,,exi/5ce ,! trem5d\s /rides made 9 ! sci5ces ( biology1 hi/ology1 physiology1 & psy*ology 9 ! latt] "p ( ! la/ c5tury1 9 connection ) ! developm5t ( ! sci5ce ( organic *emi/ry1 h done mu* to unravel ! life-my/]y f a physical po9t ( view4 ,"o by "o ! det]m9+ *>act]i/ics ( ! m5tality ( ! g5us homo h dw9dl$ d[n until to-day ev5 reason 9 its broade/ s5se is grant$ by ! mo/ cons]vative to "s ( ! vegetable =ms ( life1 & any unbias$ m9d w h h>d "w to det]m9e ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! s-call$ ,br[nian movem5t ( p>ticles ( gamboge :5 mac]at$ 9 a little wat]1 or ev5 ( bits ( camphor :5 dropp$ ^u ! surface ( wat]1 & ! movem5ts ( ! p>ticles ( a protoplasmic mass2 al?\gh "o is caus$ by temp]ature *anges1 & ! o!r by *emism4 ,! selectative gr[? ( a v]tex ( a cry/al 9 a saturat$ solution1 & ! claw ( a crab1 bo? ( :i* h previ\sly suff]$ ! loss ( _! respective p>ts1 are p]haps n s diff]5t z ! words organic or inorganic w\ld lead u to believe :5 appli$ z a classification to _! pr9cipals4 ,we "k t 9 ! life-process1 z ev]y:]e else1 ! law ( sub/ance & ! law ( ! cons]vation ( en]gy are held inviolate1 & ! !ory :i* treats ( life z a *>act]i/ic entity ap>t f ! condition :i* makes x possible1 is c]ta9ly false4 ,! matt] :i* composes ! liv+ body is *emically ! same z t :i* we f9d ev]y:]e4 ,! fact t "s liv+ bodies h ! p[] to =m protoplasm out ( its *emical elem5ts or simple comb9ations ( !m1 or only assimilate su* protoplasm aft] x has be5 =m$ f inorganic matt]1 con/itutes1 9 ! broade/ s5se1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! vegetable & ! animal life1 z we n[ "k x4 ,b1 :e!r liv+ or dead1 ! protoplasm has ab\t ! same composition1 &1 !re=e1 x mu/ be t life p] se is 9 reality only ! manife/ation ( a =m ( motion4 ,sci5ce1 by d$uction1 tea*es u to look ^u ! liv+ body v mu* z a !oretically p]fect motor-g5]ator set1 ! l9e t]m9als ( ! dynamo be+ ! fe$ wires ( ! motor4 ,su* a ma*9e1 /&+ /ill1 w\ld be dead 9 all s5ses ( ! ^w1 al?\gh1 pot5tially1 its integrity w\ld be ! same z :5 9 op]ation4 ,b1 once put 9 motion1 ?is ma*9e w\ld directly come up to spe$1 & ma9ta9 itself at its normal rate ( rotation until some?+ int]f]$ ) x1 or set up resi/ance )9 its circuit4 ,f ?is "t on1 its rate ( rotation w\ld dim9i% until x /opp$4 ,if its integrity 7 sudd5ly violat$1 ?is /op w\ld come at once4 ,fifty ye>s ago1 heat1 light1 & electricity 7 all talk$ (1 & believ$ to be =ces ^: exi/5ce 0 9 no way dep5d5t ^u matt]4 ,s9ce ! inve/igations ( ,?omson & ,helmholtz1 !re is no unbias$ sci5ti/ :o c = a m9ute ?9k t ! manife/ation ( any ( ^! c\ld possibly exi/ )\t mat]ial ( "s sort1 su* z 9 a g5]al way we call matt]4 ,ev5 *emism1 ! mo/ obscure ( all physical =ces1 we "k to be v closely alli$ to gravitative attraction1 & to be s p[]ful s9ce x op]ates ?r\gh su* %ort di/ances4 ,9 fact1 if we adopt ! only kn[n feasible hypo!sis to acc\nt = ! =mation ( matt]1 we mu/1 9 ! end1 admit t motion1 & n matt]1 is ! mo/ pot5t ( all ! primal causes :i* we c imag9e to-day4 ,if we c\ld elim9ate motion entirely f ! univ]se1 we d n "k ( a s+le *>act]i/ic :i* w\ld be left1 by :i* we c\ld id5tify exi/5ce z we "k x1 c]ta9ly n ev5 matt] itself4 ,e inve/igation or exp]im5t :i* has be5 made 9 ! doma9 ( ! natural sci5ces has only amass$ additional evid5ce to ! trem5d\s am\nt already ga!r$2 all go+ c]ta9ly to prove t at lea/ ! =m] two ( ! old ?ree univ]sally accept$ po/ulates 7 false1 viz43 ! free moral ag5cy ( man1 ! immortality ( ! s\l1 & ! exi/5ce ( a p]sonal ,god1 or a p[] outside ( & sup]ior to nature4 ,! latt] w 9 no wise int]e/ u1 inasmu* z exp]i5ce has taught u t1 9 g5]al z well z 9 p>ticul>1 ! univ]se is gov]n$ by law2 all honor to ,humboldt & ,desc>tes = s cle>ly demon/rat+ ?is4 ,we are q sure to-day t1 r\ghly e/imat$1 ea* p\nd ( human fle% repres5ts an am\nt ( pot5tial en]gy equal to ab\t sixte5 million foot-p\nds1 & t all ( ! life-processes are1 9 ! la/ analysis1 purely physical1 & t !y foll[ physical laws4 ,any ex]tion1 ei!r muscul> or n]v\s1 :i* we make1 ov] & above t suppli$ by ! en]gy 9 our assimilat$ food1 w h to be tak5 f ! /ock z repres5t$ 9 ! tissue1--consequ5tly1 cont9u$ "w means hung]2 if cont9u$ long] )\t food1 x means exhau/ion1 & if cont9u$ long] )\t food & re/ int]v5+1 x means ! det]ioration ( ! tissues4 ,! rec5t inve/igations ( ,mat!ws ^u ! mann] ( n]ve action1 & ! fact t ! same is due to sub/ances kn[n z rev]sible gelat9es1 z well z to ! cause ( ! negative v>iation ( n]ves expos$ to excit+ /imuli1 all %[ t ^! mo/ complex ( life's processes are z purely physical1 9 ! l>ge/ s5se1 z ! mo/ simple ones4 ,! artificial f]tilization ( /]ile eggs by ! use ( dilute solutions1 ^: actions might almo/ be call$ catalytic1 /ill fur!r emphasizes ! fact t life's processes1 ev5 9 ! embryo1 are ess5tially physical4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! /]ile egg ( ! sea-ur*92 ! two p] c5t4 solution ( potassium cyanide2 ! cont9u$ con/ant temp]ature = a def9ite "t1 & all ( ! o!r conditions :i* ent] into ! developm5t ( ?is crude protoplasmic mass1 are all physical factors1 reg>dless ( ! fact t ! result is a liv+ organism1 :]e we w\ld1 accord+ to our old ideas1 c]ta9ly expect an undevelop$ /]ile egg1 or a pot5tially dead body4 ,z ) ?is ovum1 s ) ! vegetable protoplasmic mass 9 ! g]m9al radical ( a se$3 if its developm5t is once />t$1 x mu/ cont9ue its natural c\rse )\t int]f]5ce1 ^u pa9 ( spe$y deg5]ation ^u int]ruption1 &1 9 ?is light1 bo? ! egg & ! gra9 ( se$ are places :]e life c be />t$ 7or motion on a l>g] scale begun7 r ?an liv+ ?+s be=e _! developm5t began1 or :ile !y 7 ly+ 9 _! dormant /ate4 ,! dea?-knell to ! !ory ( ! p]sonal immortality ( ! human s\l1 z ord9>ily enunciat$1 0 rung 9 #ahge by ! ,g]man biologi/1 ,h]tzig1 :5 he succe$$ 9 br++ ! liv+ ovum into ! pres5ce ( ! ciliat$ sp]m-cells "u ! microscope1 :ile 9 ! field ( a l5s ( suffici5t p[] to enable him to see cle>ly :at took place4 ,x is suffici5t = our purpose to /ate t ! m9ute ! sp]matozoon _h pi]c$ ! cell wall ( ! egg-cell1 ! new individual ( t species came into exi/5ce1 & _h1 pot5tially1 all ( ! life-possibilities1 or 01 9 fact1 z mu* alive z x w\ld h be5 if ?is _h happ5$ "u conditions :i* w\ld h be5 favorable to its fur!r developm5t4 ,! fact t ! f]tiliz$ egg-cell imm$iately =ms a muc\s %ea? ! mom5t t its nucleus coalesces ) t ( ! sp]matozoon to prev5t ! fur!r entrance ( o!r sp]matozoa1 has done mu* to give rise & impetus to ! !ory t ea* cell has a s\l1 & t :5 ^! two nuclei completely fuse toge!r1 ! result+ cytula1 or f]tiliz$ ovum or /em-cell1 has a s\l peculi>ly its own2 :i* is made up 9 mu* ! same way z two correspond+ magnetic fields :i* are bl5d$ :5 two magnets are br\ght )9 ! t]ritory ( ea* o!r's influ5ce & unite to =m a resultant field4 ,t ea* ( ! sexual una-cells is di/+ui%$ by a =m ( s5sation & motion ( its own1 & t ?is is true ?r\gh\t ! :ole animal _w1 has giv5 peculi> significance to ^! empirical facts ( conception2 z ^! w at once (f] an explanation ( ! my/]i\s influ5ce ( h]$ity1 su* z 0 nev] possible h]et(ore4 ,t ea* human individual has a beg9n+ ( exi/5ce ) ! coalesc+ ( ! nuclei ( ! p>5t cells1 j z he has an end ( exi/5ce ) ! violation ( ! integrity ( 8 physical body1 :e!r aft] ! laps+ ( "o second or "o c5tury1 mu/1 to anyone :o has obs]v$ biological ph5om5a l ! above1 be p]fectly cle>4 ,) ! rec5t developm5t ( ! sci5ce ( embryology1 !re is no long] any gr\nd ^u :i* man c lay claim1 9 ! l>ge/ s5se1 to free moral ag5cy4 ,condition$ z he is1 ev5 be=e bir?1 by ! influ5ce ( h]$ity1 :i* sci5ce has n[ localiz$ to ! inn] nucleus ( ! cytula1 n only are 8 natural ta/es & temp]am5t q l>gely det]m9$ = him1 b (t51 9 at lea/ z l>ge a s5se1 8 m5tal & physical possibilities4 ,x 0 our g5ial ,dr4 ,holmes1 :o1 "s ye>s ago1 said1 ,if y w\ld make a man1 y mu/ beg9 at lea/ f\r g5]ations be=e he is born1 &1 z embryology has s9ce prov51 he spoke m tru? ?an he ?\ght4 ,any p]son possess+ a normally tra9$ obs]vation _c help b note 9 _! aptitude1 or 9 _! mann] ( do+ c]ta9 ?+s1 _! debt to _! ance/ors4 ,h[ seldom 7we might say1 nev]7 d we f9d 9 our fri5ds :at we _h pictur$ & hop$ =1 ow+1 p]haps m ?an any?+ else1 to ! baneful influ5ce ( h]$ity4 ,deg5]ate features1 scr(ula1 epilepsy1 melan*olia1 etc41 are all practically 9 e case ! gift ( "s prog5itor4 ,t5d5cies to insanity & crime are cle>ly recogniz$ to-day by ! adm9i/rators ( ! law1 9 e civiliz$ c\ntry1 z possible a legacy z co91 real e/ate1 or *attels 7 a few c5turies ago4 ,:atev] influ5ce c be ascrib$ to h]$ity1 z a positive limitation to human exi/5ce1 we "k absolutely t 9 a mu* l>g] s5se is man a victim ( 8 environm5t1 p>ticul>ly dur+ ! p]iod ( 8 *ildhood & adolesc5ce4 ,pr(essor ,loeb has %[n t at lea/ z l>ge proportion 7possibly "o-half7 ( ! influ5ce ( h]$ity may be elim9at$ by ! artificial f]tilization ( ! ovum ( _m species1 b embryology tells u t x is beyond ! possibilities ( sci5ce to ev] r5d] impot5t ! adaptive t5d5cy ( ! individual4 ,) human be+s1 ! importance ( environm5t is mu* great] "u a high /ate ( civilization ?an 9 ! condition ( savag]y or b>b>ism1 s9ce ! possibilities ( a*ievem5t are inf9itely great] 9 ! individual well-educat$ ?an 9 a condition ( illit]acy4 ,:at w\ld ! ma!matical g5ius ( ,newton or ,leibnitz accompli% 9 develop+ ! calculus1 _h !y be5 born among ! ,patagonians or ! bu%m5 ( ,au/ralia8 ,w\ld ,napoleon's milit>y tal5t h avail$ him any?+ if he _h be5 plac$ by bir? among ! cliff-dwell]s ( ,arizona in/ead ( ! fom5t+ political corruption ( ov]populat$ ,france8 ,ev5 9 a mu* m re/rict$ s5se1 ,au/]litz1 ,m>5go1 & ,lodi c\ld n h become not$ z ! /epp+-/ones t[>d 8 imp]ialism1 _h he n att5d$ ! milit>y s*ool at ,bri5ne4 ,9 ! discussion ( ?is "q1 ( ! fre$om ( ! w1 or ! free moral ag5cy ( man1 x seems almo/ prepo/]\s t educat$ p /ill cl+ to a !ory s at v>iance ) all kn[n facts4 ,t all m5 are creat$ free & equal is n only relatively b absolutely untrue 9 ! l>ge/ s5se1 b t !y are all entitl$ to1 & h equal possibilities1 s f> z is )9 _! p[]1 is n only ! mean+ :i* ! writ] ( ! ,decl>ation int5d$ to convey1 b is :at e fair-m9d$ man mu/ necess>ily accord to all ( 8 fell[-m51 ev5 reg>dless ( sex4 ,9 ,jeff]son's "t1 ! la/ clause c\ld n h be5 ins]t$1 b at ! beg9n+ ( ! tw5tie? c5tury1 at lea/ 9 f\r ( ! ,/ates ( ?is c\ntry1 woman has be5 giv5 h] full prop]ty rights1 & 9 "o %e has full & complete citiz5%ip on an equal basis ) man4 ,x _c be _m ye>s until culture & a s5se ( equity w h be5 s dissem9at$ t1 at lea/ "u democratic =ms ( gov]nm5t1 woman w be giv5 h] full civil & political rights1 & reg>d$1 z %e ju/ly %\ld be1 z no long] a =c$ p>asite ( man1 b z pot5tially 8 equal 9 e respect4 ,:ile consid]+ ?is matt]1 x is wor?y ( note t no less an au?ority ?an ,havelock ,ellis has conclusively %[n t1 n only 9 ! moral _w1 :]e woman is & has be5 ! ackn[l$g$ sup]ior ( man1 is %e at lea/ 8 pe]1 b also 9 h] intellectual p[] & physical developm5t z conc]ns ! evolution ( ! race :5 surr\nd$ by equally advantage\s conditions has %e occupi$ ! v van4 ,! *ivalr\s & insane wor%ip :i* man has be/[$ ^u h] z an ex*ange = h] condon+ 8 moral crimes1 has t5d$ bo? to make him lax 9 8 morality1 by reason ( h] readily grant$ =giv5ess1 & to rob h] ( h] rights z 8 equal1 by keep+ h] 9 seclusion & incapacitat$ = self-support4 ,probably no "o ?+ has work$ m h>m to ! race z a :ole ?an ?is1 & x is p]haps ! cr[n+ glory ( ! age 9 :i* we are liv+ t woman1 9 ,am]ica1 no long] has to accept ! physical & moral d]elict :i* ! av]age man is :5 he comes to ! age at :i* he has f9i%$ s[+ 8 wild oats1 & wi%es to settle d[n to a dome/ic exi/5ce1 z a c&idate = re=m "u ! tutelage ( a pure & virtu\s woman2 or by refus+ 8 pr(f] ( m>riage1 become ! laugh+-/ock ( n only h] suitor1 b ( h] own sex z well1 "u ! "n ( an old maid4 ,z woman has become capable ( self-support1 man has lo/ 8 p[] ov] h]1 & 8 acc\ntability = 8 actions has directly increas$1 j z woman has gone f "u 8 p[]4 ,t woman c h an honorable de/9y to fulfill o!r ?an z a conv5i5ce or s\rce ( amusem5t = man is1 at la/1 aft] c\ntless ages ( d>kness1 beg9n+ to dawn ^u ! _w ( culture & intellig5ce4 ,p]haps ! greate/ ( all human limitations arises f ! fact t aft] ! gratification ( physical desire1 ( :atsoev] k9d1 comes satiety4 ,! food :i*1 to ! />v+ man1 0 priceless1 & :i* af=d$ him ke5 delight z he ate x1 b nauseates him :5 tempor>ily 8 appetite is satisfi$ & try1 z h>d z he may1 he c conta9 no m4 ,h[ _m a man has fail$ to realize ?is1 &1 aft] a y\? ( p5ury has1 by ! close/ application1 obta9$ a compet5ce1 & by its use1 a gratification ( 8 desires1 b )\t consid]ation kept up 8 e>n+ p[]1 & ho>d$ 8 weal?1 only to f9d1 to 8 sorr[1 t x 0 impossible to furni% gratifications :5 he no long] _h ! %ad[ ( a desire6 ,no matt] h[ mu* ( a gorm& a man is he c eat b a c]ta9 small quantity ( food p] day1 ! am\nt ( :i* v>ies directly ) ! manual labor :i* he does1 &1 z a usual ?+1 ! m he is able to pur*ase1 ! less likely he is to d t labor :i* alone w make 8 money ( value to him f a ga/ronomic /&po9t4 ,%\ld 8 desire be to pale ! lilies ( ! field ) 8 raim5t1 he is /ill limit$ to a c]ta9 quantity & "* ( ve/ure1 s t 9 comp>ison ) unreason+ vegetable life1 8 pride w n be greatly gratifi$ %\ld he possess any s5se ( humor at all4 ,if pre/ige & pr[ess result+ z ! outcome ( any physical endeavor be 8 ambition1 he mu/ realize t :atev] p9nacle ( popul>ity he may atta9 to1 x w be only a few ye>s until he mu/ ackn[l$ge a successful rival4 ,9 ! con/ant mutation ( all ! conditions :i* surr\nd human exi/5ce1 we f9d ano!r mo/ pot5t limitation to life4 ,h[ few ( ^! vital conditions1 f a physical /&po9t1 are "u our control8 ,& yet h[ important "s ( ! ev5 trivial ones really are8 ,! ext5t to :i* we are dep5d5t ^u heal?1 comel9ess1 weal?1 location1 ! physical aspects 9 ! lives ( our fri5ds1 & all ( ^? complex details :i* g to make up our r\t9e ( life1 c h>dly be ov]-e/imat$4 ,/>t+1 z ! individual does1 ) a complete lack ( exp]i5ce f :i* to judge1 & )\t ev5 ! p[] to ex]cise 8 reason1 z ?is develops )9 him aft] ye>s ( mi/akes1 until 8 fund ( recollection ( ^! errors con/itutes a basis ( exp]im5tal k1 he is at be/ ^u mo/ dang]\s gr\nd 9 e>ly life4 ,he is h&icapp$ j 9 proportion z he has n "s gu>dian :o pilots him until he is able to judge = himself ( ! "* ( 8 actions4 ,x is ! mo/ pa!tic ?\ght :i* ! human m9d is capable ( compreh5d+1 t nature _c be imprecat$1 brib$1 or fright5$ out ( h] rel5tless rule ( exact+ full & complete consequ5ce ( our e action4 ,ignorance is no plea = m]cy be=e h] c\rt1 & h] p5alties are exact$ )\t ei!r fe> or favor4 ,nor is h] tribunal cognizant ( any plan ( vic>i\s atonem5t1 b 9 _m cases p>tially are we visit$ ) ! p5alties ( our prog5itors' disob$i5ce to h] immutable laws4 ,9 view ( ^! tru?s1 let u n falsely be inflat$ ) pride1 because ( any ephem]al successes4 ,let u 9 ! mom5ts ( aggr&izem5t rememb] ,massillon1 z he /ood at ! bi] ( ,le ,gr& ,mon>*1 & :5 we consid] ! tru? 9 8 op5+ /atem5t1 9 t magnific5t fun]al oration1 ,god only is ,great1 we mu/ feel our s5se ( importance leave u4 ,:oev] /ood erect ) egotism ov] ! corpse ( a fri5d1 ev5 ?\gh he be z mad z ,le>1 rav+1 ,o t a horse1 a dog1 a rat ha? life1 & ?\ no brea?68 ,our control ov] our physical condition is wor?y ( m5tion only on acc\nt ( its paucity1 & we c nev] appreciate our true position on e>?1 until at times we are fill$ ) ! s5tim5t1 s well express$ by ,bryant3 ,9 sadness !n ,i pond]1 h[ quickly fleets ! h\r1 ,( human /r5g? & action1 man's c\rage & 8 p[]4 ,x is n = u to be cru%$ ) ! appreciation ( our real lack ( importance1 f a physical & moral viewpo9t1 b no s*eme ( life c be built ^u a sure f\ndation )\t an und]/&+ ( :at 9 ! case ( ,s*op5hau]1 & "s o!r brilliant intellects1 =m$ ! basis ( _! pessimi/ic philosophy4 ,t we are n absolutely free1 morally1 to select our c\rse1 does n keep u f be+ relatively s1 &1 aft] all1 ! de/9y ( ! individual is v l>gely )9 8 p[] to %ape4 ,x is only ?r\gh incessant & vigor\s /ruggle t any?+ wor? :ile is accompli%$1 & nature1 9 ?is & _m o!r in/ances1 is ) u1 s9ce we become capacitat$ = great] endeavor ?r\gh practice1 & ! habit1 once =m$1 makes ! ef=t = advancem5t become almo/ an in/9ct )9 u1 s t our m5tal activity does n h to be cont9ually consum$ 9 hold+ our w to ! c\rse1 b c be appli$ to fight+ our way upw>d along x4 ,j z fre% recruits are unable to r5d] ! effici5t s]vice ( vet]ans 9 actual w>f>e1 s our capabilities1 morally & intellectually1 become augm5t$ by con/ant practice4 ,9 ! succe$+ *apt]s1 we %all attempt to %[ :at is possible to be got f life by ! use ( all ( ! advantages :i* we h1 &1 9 do+ ?is1 we %all elucidate a philosophy :i* is z consi/5t ) ! facts ( life z kn[n to u z we c make x4 ,9 ! days ( ! decad5ce ( ! ,roman ,empire1 :5 p]haps life 0 z unc]ta9 z x ev] 0 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 ! walls ( ! banquet halls ( a c]ta9 clique 7 always adorn$ ) skulls & o!r tok5s ( dea?1 & accord+ to all acc\nts1 ! mir? 0 m furi\s1 & ! lic5ti\sness great]1 z ! gue/s 7 br\ght to realize ! %ortness ( ! "t dur+ :i* !y _h to live4 ,we mod]ns may well get an idea f ^! fea/s1 9 :i* ! s5tim5t ( ,solomon1 z voic$ a ?\s& ye>s e>li]--?an ! in/ance cit$1 & "u simil> conditions1 let u eat1 dr9k1 & be m]ry1 = to-morr[ we die1 is ! dom9at+ "o1 &1 9 consid]+ ! %ortness ( life1 realize t e m9ute %\ld be fill$ ) ef=t1 z "t :i* is pass$ is gone =ev]4 ,ev5 at ! be/1 :atev] we may elect to accompli%1 %\ld take all ( our att5tion1 &1 al?\gh we may give x ?is1 we w /ill be able to f9d mom5ts 9 :i* we did n live up to our possibilities4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,! ,,purpose ,,( ,,life ,9 ! prec$+ *apt]s1 we h attempt$ to get a view ( life f a purely physical /&po9t1 & to %[ 9 :at ways our race is connect$ ) ! t]re/rial pa/1 & h[ mu* ! individual is dep5d5t ^u physical conditions1 beyond 8 control1 :i* con/itute bo? ! backgr\nd & ! framework ( 8 exi/5ce4 ,b z great z are ^! limitations1 !y are /ill n s important z !y at fir/ sight w\ld seem1 s9ce at lea/ a portion ( ea* p]son's environm5t is ( 8 own *oos+1 & bo? 8 body & 8 m9d are1 to a great] or less] degree1 :at he may elect to make !m4 ,dilig5ce & p]t9acity h accompli%$ wond]s along ?is l9e1 & ! poor /ruggl+ manual labor] v frequ5tly turns out to be ! great discov]]1 n only 9 ! prov9ce ( geography1 p]haps on ! ,d>k ,cont95t1 b along all ! l9es ( tru?4 ,nor is ev5 age a b> to a*ievem5t1 z our own b>d tells u3 ,cato le>n$ ,greek at eighty2 ,sophocles ,wrote 8 gr& ,o$ipus1 & ,simonides ,bore (f ! prize ( v]se f 8 compe]s ,:5 ea* _h numb]$ m ?an f\rscore ye>s2 ,& ,!ophra/us1 at f\rscore & t51 ,_h b begun 8 ',*>act]s ( ,m54' ,*auc] at ,wood/ock1 ) 8 night+ales1 ,at sixty1 wrote ! ,cant]bury ,tales4 ,goe!1 at ,weim>1 toil+ to ! la/1 ,complet$ ,fau/1 :5 eighty ye>s 7 pa/4 ,h[ev]1 x is f> m safe to assume t1 :atev] we h to d1 %\ld be />t$ e>ly 9 life1 =1 if we are to c>ve out our own de/9ies1 we %all ne$ all ! "t :i* we h at our disposal4 ,:ile fully realiz+ ! limit+ conditions ( h]$ity & environm5t1 x is difficult to disprove ! /atem5t ( ,cassius1 :5 he says3 ,m51 at "s "t1 are ma/]s ( _! fates2 ,! fault1 de> ,brutus1 is n 9 our />s ,b 9 ourselves2 t we are und]l+s4 ,p]haps ,bulw]-,lytton has1 9 o!r words1 m =cibly express$ a simil> idea :5 he says3 ,we are our own fates4 ,our own de$s ,are our own doomsm54 ,let u n %ift ! responsibility ( our be+ o!r ?an we desire ^u ! %\ld]s ( ei!r our prog5itors or circum/ances1 b1 tak+ :at is1 z a fact1 we %\ld try to s regulate our conduct t :at we wi% may come to pass4 ,x is n he :o m\rns ! p[] :i* he has n--:o becomes ei!r ! ma/] ( himself or ( o!rs1 z ! p>able ( ! tal5ts tells u1 b x is he :o1 ) a /rong he>t1 d>es & does1 t a*ieves ! great ?+s on ?is e>?4 ,p]haps z close an analogy z we c get to ! real life-condition1 is to repres5t ! individual's p[] ov] himself & 8 de/9y1 by "o l9e1 & ! p[] ( h]$ity & =c$ environm5t by "o ( equal l5g?2 !n 8 p[] ( accompli%m5t w be ! vector sum ( ^! two l9es4 ,! l9e repres5t+ ! uncontrollable condition w necess>ily be long] 7z ! influ5ce is m p[]ful7 9 y\?1 :ile1 dur+ ! life p]iod1 x gradually %ort5s up until x rea*es its m9imum at ! physical & m5tal culm9ation ( life1 or :5 ! individual is at 8 be/1 & l5g!ns aga9 z old age comes on1 & ! physical & m5tal =ces decl9e1 & habit & environm5t become ! prevail+ factors4 ,) our responsibility cle>ly be=e u1 !n1 let u inve/igate :at is wor? hav+4 ,at ?is p>ticul> "t1 :5 all ( ! ,occid5tal _w is hopelessly insane ) its ,ma*iavelian money gre$1 x w\ld seem t "o ( ,horace's s5tim5ts1 utt]$ satirically1 _h become ! slogan ( ! battle3 ,get place & weal?1 if possible1 ) grace2 ,if n1 by any means1 get weal? & place4 ,ev]y?+ is ?r[n away by ! av]age individual to-day1 9 8 ha/e to satisfy 8 desire = inord9ate weal?2--fri5d%ip1 lib]ty1 dec5cy1 humanity1 honor1 & ev5 life itself1 is hurl$ into ! maw ( ?is ,mammon1 :i* is n satisfi$ ) su* sacrifices1 & gives only h>d1 cold gold z a return = ! priceless jewels ( ! human s\l1 & ev5 ?is usually at a "t 9 life :5 ! little value :i* ! m5tal ev] possess$ has gone1 s9ce !re are no long] desires to gratify by x1 ) ! "o exception ( t call+ con/antly = m ( ! c\nt]s :i* h lo/ _! pur*as+ p[]4 ,our =efa!rs ?\ght ( weal? z wor? hav+ only because ) x came leisure1 & ) leisure came culture ?r\gh application4 ,sir ,john ,lubbock has well said1 ,if weal? is to be valu$ because x gives leisure1 cle>ly x w\ld be a mi/ake to sacrifice leisure 9 ! /ruggle = weal?4 ,un=tunately1 our c\ntry is go+ ?r\gh t p]iod :i* all o!r nations t h ris5 to _w p[] h _h to pass ?r\gh1 only1 9 our case1 we h rea*$ ?is p]iod mu* e>li] 9 po9t ( "t1 ow+ to our va/ natural res\rces1 ! activity ( sci5tific rese>*1 & ! multitude ( inv5tions result+ !refrom )9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,b1 ) ! enorm\s increase 9 our national weal?1 ! legislative bran* ( our ,gov]nm5t neglect$ to pass su* re/ra9+ measures z w\ld insure t no gigantic individual =tunes 7 amass$1 or1 9 case t !y 7 to h su* weal?1 be> its proportion ( ! tax2 &1 consequ5tly1 we are confront+ a condition ( bo? an>*y & socialism1 inasmu* z1 to-day1 our law-mak+ & high] judici>y bran*es ( ,gov]nm5t bo? h a decid$ lean+ t[>d :atev] is favorable to capital1 z aga9/ ! int]e/s ( ! labor+ p4 ,our l[] judicial & executive (ficials1 h[ev]1 are 9 ?is c\ntry & 9 ,engl&1 ow+ to rank p>tisan political influ5ce1 almo/ hopelessly "u ! dom9ation ( organiz$ labor1 ^: lead]s 7necess>ily demagogues7 use all ! means )9 _! p[] to corrupt our sy/em ( jurisprud5ce to fur!r _! own ends4 ,x rema9s to be se5 :e!r our ,gov]nm5t1 ow+ to its democratic =m1 w be able to "r ^! evils & )/& ! /ress & /ra9 :i* su* a *ang$ social sy/em mu/ necess>ily involve4 ,rememb]+ our exp]i5ce at ! "t ( ! ,civil ,w>1 :i* 0 br\ght ab\t by v simil> causes1 we h e reason to be hopeful ( ! outcome4 ,our va/ ali5 population is ! only factor :i* w\ld be decid$ly aga9/ u at a "t su* z ?is1 s9ce ^! =eign]s h n _h ! privileges ( citiz5%ip :]e !y 7 born1 & into !m has be5 in/ill$ ! bl9d hatr$ ( all :o possess weal?1 ow+ to ! mon>*ical feudal oppression ( ! poor] labor+ classes1 by ! titl$ & plutocratic nobility ( ,europe4 ,! mo/ cry+ ne$ ( our "t is a law equitable = poor & ri* alike1 & a judicial & executive sy/em :i* w see t ?is law is en=c$ & its p5alties are impos$ imp>tially4 ,p]haps ! wor/ feature ab\t ! possession ( weal?1 is t x t5ds to dw>f & belittle ! f9] s5sibilities ( man4 ,its acquisition becomes a passion ( su* viol5ce t1 9 ! majority ( cases1 its possessor no long] c>es = any?+ b ! few paltry pleasures :i* x w buy4 ,& z few z ^! app>5tly are1 !y are ev5 less ^u clos] exam9ation1 s9ce only ! c\nt]feits ( any?+ ( real moral value c be pur*as$ = money4 ,purity1 s9c]ity1 culture1 or love1 ow+ to _! nature1 nev] c\ld be b\ght = gold4 ,yet _m an individual has acquir$ ! opposite ( ! f\r pe>ls ( great price j m5tion$1 by hav+ too mu* money at 8 disposal2 & mo/ truly has x be5 said t pov]ty is "o ( ! greate/ tea*]s ( virtue4 ,9 fact1 if x 7 n = ! tru? ( our ,am]ican aphorism1 t ?ree g5]ations cov] ! "t x takes "o ( our weal?y families to g f %irt-sleeves to %irt-sleeves1 our weal?y ari/ocracy w\ld be mu* m pr(ligate4 ,!re c be no h]itage ( equal value to *ildr51 s long z _! pov]ty does n int]f]e ) _! fundam5tal education1 comp>able to _! be+ born 9 /rait5$1 r ?an 9 opul5t1 circum/ances4 ,consequ5tly1 we mu/ accept ! fact t beyond a small compet5ce set aside aga9/ age1 money has no value ( mom5t1 nor is x wor?y ( great] ?an a reasonable ef=t be+ sp5t to acquire x4 ,9 ?is age ( bu/le & hurry1 ! n]v\s sy/em is op]at$ at a v high t5sion1 & z a result (t5 refuses to d ! "w dem&$ ( x4 ,z a consequ5ce1 artificial /imulants are resort$ to1 ) ! mo/ baneful effects ^u our citiz5 body4 ,caff9e1 !rmo-brom9e1 nicot9e1 n>c9e1 alcohol1 &1 frequ5tly1 *loral1 coca9e1 morph9e1 & hyosc9e1 are us$ 9 "s quantity1 & (t5 "u sev]al =ms1 = ?is purpose by ov] sev5ty-five p] c5t4 ( our population2 & we h se5 ! /atem5t t ov] n9ety p] c5t4 ( ! males1 ov] ! age ( tw5ty-"o1 are addict$ to "s n>cotic habit 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,z a result ( ?is1 ! vitality ( ! individual1 suff]+ f ^! habits1 is ev5tually l[]$1 ow+ to ! effect :i* su* /imulants h ^u ! involunt>y muscul> fibre2 :ile ! ov]-wr\ght n]v\s sy/em1 soon] or lat]1 collapses1 & we become1 bo? m5tally & physically1 human wrecks4 ,p>ticul>ly is ! tak+ ( ! weak] /imulants1 su* z are m commonly us$1 h>mful to *ildr51 inasmu* z1 at ?is p]iod ( developm5t1 nature has ab\t all t %e c well c>e =1 )\t int]f]5ce f ! outside1 & abnormal activity ( ! imag9ation at ?is "t is n to be desir$2 s9ce1 "u ^! circum/ances ) ! majority ( human be+s1 ! imag9ative impulse runs m to s5sual ?an to /hetic ?+s4 ,! dem&s ( our pres5t civilization ^u ! individual1 especially if he belongs to ! cot]ie con/itut+ ! s-call$ social set1 is s great = bo? "t & ef=t1 t ! use ( n>cotic /imulants ) ?is class is ev5 great] ?an ) ! majority4 ,h5ce1 x happ5s 9 ,am]ica1 :]e weal? is (t5 acquir$ v quickly1 t in/ead ( br++ ) x leisure1 heal?1 education1 & ref9em5t1 z x %\ld1 we see v frequ5tly ! opposite result4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 9 our c\ntry1 we h no ari/ocracy1 9 any real s5se ( ! ^w1 &1 9 g5]al we are =c$ to believe t real culture & ref9em5t are becom+ all ! "t m r>e4 ,! late ,m>k ,twa9 has well illu/rat$ ?is t5d5cy 9 8 trite "* sket*1 ,! ,man :o ,corrupt$ ,hadleyburg4 ,if our age t5ds t[>d deg5]ation e?ically f ?is cause1 x does s ev5 m f a physiological po9t ( view4 ,x is becom+ m imp]ative all ! :ile t we asc]ta91 = c]ta91 t ^? ) :om we mu/ ent] ^u intimate relation%ip1 %\ld be able to %[ a clean bill ( heal?1 n only 9 a /rictly physical s5se1 b 9 a moral s5se z well4 ,to-day1 luxury & vice 9 our c5t]s ( population are corrupt+ & ru9+ a f> l>g] proportion ( our "y & middle-ag$ m5 ?an ev] be=e4 ,s9ce all bran*es ( our ,gov]nm5t are influ5c$ by plutocratic p[]1 we are at a loss imm$iately to rectify ^! evils by clos+ up ! d5s ( vice1 & rais+ ! age ( cons5t1 to /em ! tide ( infamy4 ,any sy/em ( e?ics is valuable z a guide = conduct j to t ext5t to :i* our int]e/ is ar\s$4 ,inasmu* z ) u all1 self is always ! p>am\nt consid]ation1 ! safe/ & sure/ basis ^u :i* we c build an e?ical sy/em is self-int]e/4 ,e human be+ ( intellig5ce mu/ soon] or lat] realize t he is on e>? prim>ily by no *oice ( 8 own1 &1 s9ce he is "h1 x is ( ! fir/ importance to him t he %\ld "k1 e>ly 9 life1 9 j :at way he w be able to secure ! mo/ out ( 8 t]re/rial exi/5ce4 ,n[1 z we take x1 happ9ess1 9 its broade/ & be/ s5se1 is alone ! desid]atum :i* is p] se wor? ! individual's ef=t1 &1 9 ! aggregate1 is wor? ! pa9s1 bo? z an end to be atta9$1 & ?r\gh ! effects ( ! /ruggle ( obta9+ x ^u o!rs4 ,by happ9ess1 we mean t feel+ ( cont5tm5t & satisfaction :i* %\ld1 at all times1 be ) ! consci5ti\s & s9c]e be+1 :e!r he is expect+ to live a few m decades1 or if he has arriv$ at t inevitable h\r :i* mu/ sometime come to all4 ,9 o!r words1 let 8 end come :5 x w1 if he has happ9ess1 9 our s5se1 he feels & kn[s t he has _h all t he c\ld get out ( life1 &1 if he _h to live x ov] aga91 he w\ld wi% to op]ate ^u only ^? pr9ciples :i* he _h us$ to guide 8 exi/5ce4 ,9 ?is s5se1 !n1 %\ld happ9ess be ! purpose ( life1 we w n[ attempt to %[ :at conditions mu/1 ( necessity1 be fulfill$ 9 ord] to atta9 x4 ,happ9ess1 = ! individual1 is b slightly dep5d5t ^u circum/ances outside ( 8 control1 &1 9 g5]al1 is ! result ( liv+ up to ! highe/ moral possibility1 :i* means ! developm5t ( self 9 ! highe/ conception4 ,s9ce any environm5t c be made to s]ve ! purpose1 we are always s condition$ t "s degree ( happ9ess may be ours4 ,! pres5ce ( ! objects ( our affection1 9 ! =m ( human be+s1 is p]haps an actual necess>y detail ( our environm5t1 )\t :i* we _c exp]i5ce t feel+ ( satisfaction & cont5tm5t :i* we call happ9ess4 ,! matt] ( ! greate/ importance is s ord]+ y\r life t1 9 all y\r actions1 y may be equitable 9 ! mo/ amplifi$ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,?is has1 at all times1 be5 und]/ood by ^? tea*]s ( humanity :o h be5 re=m]s or saviors1 f ! prie/s ( ,osiris 9 ,egypt & ,zoroa/] 9 ,bactria1 m ?an five ?\s& ye>s ago1 to ,abbas ,eff5di 9 ,pale/9e1 )9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,&1 /range z x may seem1 ! _w has advanc$ p]haps less 9 ! und]/&+ & practice ( ?is1 ?an 9 any ( ! tru?s ( less] importance4 ,! exposition ( ! ,decalogue ( ! ,p5tateu* is less ref9$ & m con/rict$ 9 mean+ & application ?an ! ,negative ,confession 9 ! ,egyptian ,book ( ! ,dead1 or ! ,v$antic philosophy1 z giv5 9 ! old] ,h9doo writ+s1 or 9 ! m mod]n ,upani%ads4 ,f ?is po9t ( view1 ! e?ics ( ! ,z5d or ( ! ,*9ese sages are inf9itely beyond ! be/ mod]n practice ( a majority ( ! p 9 any "p ( ! e>?4 ,b all consci5ti\s & fe>less ?9k]s1 reg>dless ( ! date or locality 9 :i* !y exi/$1 h realiz$ t 9 e s5se ! ,gold5 ,rule is ! only safe guide = conduct1 if cont5tm5t & real happ9ess 7 ! end s\ght4 ,& if we once get ?or\ghly fix$ 9 ! individual's m9d t ?is is c]ta91 & t1 no matt] :at ! int5tion1 if our acts are n ord]$ 9 accordance ) ?is fundam5tal pr9ciple ( equity1 we _c be happy2 we c re/ assur$ t ! individual w\ld no soon] pursue a l9e ( action :i* he absolutely kn[s w end 9 8 own mis]y1 ?an he w\ld wilfully take a dose ( poison4 ,x is ! putt+ ( e?ical matt]s ^u a pla9 commons5se basis t w greatly assi/1 socially & morally1 9 revolutioniz+ ! _w4 ,we h too long de=m$ & twi/$ facts to fit our fancies & prejudices1 & we1 z well z ! re/ ( ! human race1 h paid a pretty p5ny = our delusion4 ,! preval5ce 9 all ( ! ,we/]n c\ntries s9ce ,con/ant9e rais$ ,*ri/ianity to ! prom95ce ( a ,/ate religion1 ( a belief 9 a s*eme ( vic>i\s atonem5t1 has work$ ine/imable h>m to ! human race4 ,c]ta9ly1 9 "o p>ticul>1 ! doctr9e taught by ! gospel ( ,gautama ,buddha is immeasurably fur!r advanc$ e?ically ?an t ( 8 subsequ5t rival1 ,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 if we accept _! gospels z correct reports ( _! tea*+s4 ,our blood1 to-day1 is ta9t$ ) v5]eal diseases1 & our m9ds ) a pr$isposition to infamy1 because our ance/ors 7 n taught1 & did n "k1 t f ! consequ5ce ( _! actions1 bo? physically & m5tally1 !y c\ld n escape4 ,h[ _m m5 w\ld "w day & night to accumulate weal?1 at ! exp5se ( _! fell[s1 ?r\gh unfair advantage & unju/ means1 if !y only knew t ?is c\ld n1 on acc\nt ( immutable law1 add "o iota to _! happ9ess aft] !y _h secur$ possession ( _! s mu* covet$ gold8 ,h[ _m wom51 = ! consid]ation ( a home ( leisure & luxury1 w\ld ru% into a m>riage ( conv5i5ce ) a man = :om !y knew !y _h no semblance ( an affection1 if !y felt1 ) c]ta9ty1 t nature does n discrim9ate1 ev5 = a m>riage lic5se & a religi\s c]emony1 betwe5 pro/itution )9 ! bonds ( w$lock1 & )\t1 & t ! horrors ( remorse & disappo9tm5t are j z frightful 9 "o case z 9 ! o!r8 ,h[ _m "y m5 w\ld g out into ! _w ) a ,satanic sne] ^u _! faces1 a cig>ette betwe5 _! lips1 & a glass ( *ampagne 9 _! h&s1 to s[ _! wild oats "u ! tutelage ( _! old] deg5]ate fri5ds1 if !y fully realiz$ t1 9 ?is "o act1 !y 7 =ev] incapacitat+ !mselves = ! highe/ pleasure ( life1 & t no matt] :at _! lives might be !reaft]1 t nature w\ld ru?lessly hold !m to ! /ricte/ acc\ntability = _! actions1 & t ignorance w\ld be no plea = m]cy be=e h] b>8 ,?is inexorable imp>tiality ( nature is at once ! sadde/ & ! sublime/ matt] ( contemplation1 dep5d+ entirely ^u :e!r we are consid]+ ! awful weight ( h] p5alties or ! magnific5ce ( h] rew>ds4 ,! old axiom ( prud]y t k (t5 comes h>d1 is1 9 ! cold light ( fact & reason1 a mo/ palpable absurdity4 ,x is to-day1 ! man & woman :o kn[s2 n necess>ily f 8 or h] own exp]i5ce1 b f ! au!ntic records ( ! results ( ! actions ( o!rs1 ^: motives ( n>ration _c be que/ion$1 :o are well-equipp$ to fight ! battles ( life1 & get f t]re/rial exi/5ce all ! real pleasure :i* is to be obta9$4 ,x is f su* simple yet gr& s\ls t we h inspirations1 & =tunate is t individual :o c call himself a fri5d to a man or woman ^: life has1 f ! e>lie/ *ildhood1 be5 s ord]$ t purity & s9c]ity h be5 kept inviolate1 & all ( ! fundam5tal conditions ( equity1 z applicable to our fell[ human be+s1 h be5 obs]v$4 ,a fri5d%ip ) ?is "* ( human be+ is "o ( ! few unalloy$ pleasures ( life1 inasmu* z _! company1 :5 pres5t1 or _! memory1 :5 abs5t1 is equally delightful4 ,b to get ! highe/ enjoym5t f su* a p]son1 we mu/ n only /rive to rea* 8 or h] level1 b1 j 9 proportion z we d atta9 _! moral altitude1 we w h our capacity = enjoym5t augm5t$4 ,p]haps 9 no?+ m ?an 9 our mom5ts ( relaxation & amusem5t %\ld we be c>eful t we make our actions accord ) ?is law ( equity4 ,h[ _m a c>eless ?+ we d )\t ?9k+ :at ! result w be ^u someone else6 ,:ile ! indulg+ 9 "s amusem5ts1 su* z a game ( *ance1 = an insignificant /ake1 9 ord] to ma9ta9 ! int]e/1 may be done ) impunity by p>ties ^: f9ancial condition is su* t ! c\nt]s involv$ are ( no mom5t to !m1 & ! /ability ( _! temp]am5t is s$ate en\gh s t ! excitem5t ( ! game w n fasc9ate !m ) a snake's *>m2 yet are ^! p>ticul> p>ticipants sure t ?is is true ( all ( ! company at su* times8 ,if n--& 9 no ga!r+ ( ?is k9d c we be sure--!re is a possibility ( great h>m be+ done4 ,! same is also true ( an occasional glass ( /imulant1 s mu* 9 vogue on all social occasions2 ( ! occasional cig> or cig>ette2 ( a little gossip or sc&al\s small-talk1 :i* we all enjoy s mu*2 & ( a ?\s& & "o o!r ?+s :i*1 9 !mselves1 are almo/ positively n s h>mful :5 prop]ly condition$1 b :i* may1 & frequ5tly d1 become ! means ( a fell[ mortal's ru94 ,x is ! lack ( disc]n+ & realiz+ our responsibility 9 ^! matt]s ( conduct t causes almo/ all ( ! mis]y ( ! _w4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 en\gh t we act equitably only t[>d our fri5ds & /rang]s1 b we mu/1 )9 reasonable limits1 foll[ ! injunction :i* ! ,*9ese philosoph] has s well enunciat$ tw5ty-five hundr$ ye>s ago3 ,requite hatr$ ) goodness4 ,9 ?is p>ticul> in/ance1 ,lao-,tse's philosophy is m s5sible ?an ,*ri/'s1 :o comm&$ u to turn ! o!r *eek4 ,x is n ! "p ( good judgm5t t we %\ld ?r[ ourselves op5 to ! ravages ( our enemies1 b x is ess5tial t we d n wilfully h>m or wrong ev5 ! lea/ ( human be+s4 ,x has be5 ! mo/ un=tunate ?+ = ! ,occid5tal _w t ^? 9 high au?ority 9 ! ,*ri/ian movem5t %\ld h s belittl$ _! physical self 9 comp>ison ) _! spiritual natures1 t any?+ p]ta9+ to ! fle% 0 ?\ght unclean & wor?y ( no consid]ation4 ,ev]y?+ :i* t5ds t[>d real beauty & s9c]ity1 & helps to make u le>n$1 j1 & *>itable1 mu/ necess>ily be wor? /riv+ =2 & ! possession ( ?is %\ld be c\nt$ above all o!r ?+s4 ,at ! same "t1 we mu/ appreciate ! awfulness ( our responsibility1 & cont9ually te/ our actions 9 ! light ( _! equity t[>d o!rs1 if we w\ld be foll[+ ! safe l9e ( conduct4 ,on ! o!r h&1 we %\ld n be bl9d to ! evil 9 o!rs1 & we %\ld be will+ to g to any reasonable self-sacrifice to bett] t]re/rial conditions4 ,! philosophy1 z enunciat$ 9 ! =ego+1 is n at all altrui/ic2 x is1 on ! contr>y1 v selfi%1 & z su* x has its *ief value4 ,if we tea* our *ildr5 t !y mu/ be good1 n = ! sake ( do+ ! "r ?+1 b = ! purpose ( increas+ _! happ9ess1 x w\ld seem b reasonable t su* inc5tive 9 ! latt] case w\ld be m pot5t ?an t giv5 9 ! =m] "o4 ,above all1 ! idea ( vic>i\s atonem5t mu/ be abhorr$ z a false conceit1 & human be+s %\ld be taught t1 9 ! moral z 9 ! physical _w1 consequ5ces are always absolutely true to _! antec$5ts4 ,z ,orl&o ,j4 ,smi? s =cefully & tritely says1 ,"k t ! consequ5ces ( y\r e act & ?\ght are regi/]$ in/antly 9 y\r "*4 ,?is day1 ?is h\r1 ?is mom5t1 is y\r "t ( judgm5t4 ,he :o deceives1 betrays1 kills--he :o ent]ta9s malice1 trea*]y1 or o!r vil5ess1 secretly 9 8 he>t--takes ! p5alty in/antly 9 ! debasem5t ( 8 "*4 ,& s1 also1 = e good ?\ght or act1 be x op5 or secret1 he %all receive an in/ant rew>d 9 ! improvem5t ( 8 "*4 ,e night z y lie d[n to sleep1 y are a little bett] or a little worse1 a little ri*] or a little poor]1 ?an y 7 9 ! morn+4 ,y h no?+ t is sub/antial1 no?+ t is truly y\r own1 b y\r "*4 ,y %all lose y\r money & y\r prop]ty2 y\r home %all be y\r home no long]2 ! sc5es :i* "k y n[ %all "k y no m2 y\r fle% %all be food = worms2 ! e>? ^u :i* y tread %all be c9d]s & cosmic du/4 ,y\r "* alone %all /ay ) y1 surviv+ all wreckage1 decay1 & dea?2 y\r "* is y1 x %all be y =ev]4 ,y\r "* is ! p]fect regi/] ( y\r progress or ( y\r degradation1 ( y\r victory or ( y\r defeat2 x %all be y\r glory or y\r %ame1 y\r bless+ or y\r curse1 y\r heav5 or y\r hell4 ,truly has ,plato said3 ,"* is man's de/9y4 ,:atsoev] a man s[e?1 t %all he also reap4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,k ,,& ,,education ,9 ent]+ ^u ! consid]ation ( ! "p :i* k plays 9 ! mak+ ( human happ9ess1 x seems impossible to secure a view ( satisfactory bread?4 ,:at we1 z *ildr51 knew z rec5tly e/abli%$ facts 0 ) our fa!rs1 9 _m in/ances1 entirely undream$-(1 s rapidly has ! fund ( k gr[n )9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,) u n[1 m ?an at any o!r "t1 is correctness ( judgm5t advantage\s1 s9ce1 ) increas$ le>n+1 has come a fi]c] competition 9 all ! affairs ( life1 & m dep5d5t ?an ev] be=e is ! individual n[1 ^u 8 intellig5ce = 8 livelihood1 z well z = 8 happ9ess4 ,9 ?is day1 z nev] previ\sly1 are ! words ( ,bacon true3 ,crafty m5 contemn /udies2 simple m5 admire !m1 & wise m5 use !m4 ,at ! pres5t "t1 also1 z at no "t 9 ! hi/oric pa/1 is exp]i5ce ga9$ at ! h&s ( o!rs or ?r\gh !m2 s t ! y\? ( to-day does n h to suff] ! consequ5ces ( gett+ exp]i5ce fir/ h& on acc\nt ( ! lack ( books1 or ( ! prejudice or ignorance ( 8 p>5ts & tea*]s1 z 0 s (t5 ! case 9 ! n remote pa/4 ,fur!rmore1 intellig5t p>5ts are tak+ _! *ildr5 into _! confid5ce1 & in=m+ !m ^u all subjects ) p]fect fre$om1 s9ce1 inasmu* z k mu/ come to *ildr5 at "s "t1 x is va/ly pref]able t x %\ld come ?r\gh ^? :o h ! int]e/ ( ! inexp]i5c$ at he>t1 s t ! prop] color & p]spective may be giv5 to ea* & e fact4 ,x is almo/ an axiom ( p$agogics to-day t ignorance is ! mo/ pot5t cause ( crime4 ,) ! unprec$5t$ dissem9ation ( k :i* has tak5 place dur+ ! pa/ few decades1 !re has necess>ily be5 a proportionate advancem5t 9 ! culture ( ! masses1 &1 ) culture1 comes ref9em5t & consci5ce4 ,! *eapness & attractiv5ess ( curr5t lit]ature1 be=e ! decl9e 9 culture :i* engulf$ ?is c\ntry ) ! rise ( comm]cialism & imp]ialism1 0 a ?+ ( :i* ,am]ica _h e reason to be pr\d2 & :ile we are n[ 9 ! tr\gh ( ! wave ( progress1 & w cont9ue to be until money & comm]cial influ5ce lose _! pres5t pre/ige1 yet x does n take an optimi/ to see t1 soon] or lat]1 & some:]e1 humanity w take advantage ( its h>d-won victories ( ! pa/ & comm5ce aga9 its m>* t[>d bett] conditions4 ,"h1 aga91 z ) ! individual1 s ) ! entire race4 ,z we outgr[ ! ?+s ( our *ildhood at ! arrival ( mature ye>s1 s has & w ! human family z a :ole4 ,:o _c rememb] ! m>vel\s wid? & dep? ( ! vi/as ( y\?1 z look$ back at 9 ! transmut+ light ( memory2 & yet1 :51 aft] ye>s ( toil1 we look at ! same sc5es aga9 9 reality1 h[ disappo9t+ & dw>f$ !y are6 ,x is n ! actual physical di/ance :i* has be5 alt]$1 b we1 ourselves4 ,our horizons h unconsci\sly wid5$ e day2 our /&>ds ( comp>ison h be5 insidi\sly rais$4 ,j z an in*1 :5 comp>$ ) a foot1 seems relatively small1 ) a y>d1 small]1 & s on until we rea* ! light ye>1 ! value ( ! fraction is r$uc$ to almo/ an inappreciable sum2 s1 z we progress ?r\gh life1 ! mom5t\s ev5ts ( our y\? lose _! importance1 & we look at our pa/ ?r\gh ! m9ify+ glass ( exp]i5ce1 until at la/ we c h>dly believe t ! p]son ^: life we h be5 review+ is1 9 reality1 "o ) our pres5t self4 ,fur!rmore1 ev5ts se5 at a di/ance assume _! true proportions1 & we are less influ5c$ by passions & prejudices aft] ! lapse ( "t2 h5ce x is only 9 retrospection t we are able to secure a view ( any?+ :i* we h exp]i5c$ )\t di/ortion4 ,all normal human be+s are s con/itut$ t _! psy*ic activity runs ?r\gh a long s]ies ( p]iods ( evolution dur+ ea* individual life4 ,z ,haeckel has %[n1 five ( ^!1 at lea/1 c be cle>ly def9$3 #a/--,! ,infantile ,/age--f bir? to ! beg9n+ ( self-consci\sness4 #bnd--,! adolesc5t /age--f self-consci\sness to pub]ty4 #crd--,! ideali/ic /age--f pub]ty to ! p]iod ( sexual int]c\rse4 #d?--,! mature /age--f ! "t ( sexual int]c\rse to ! beg9n+ ( deg5]ation ) age4 #e?--,! s5ile /age--f ! comm5cem5t ( deg5]ation ) age until dea?4 ,! inve/igation ( a human life1 accord+ to ?is outl9e1 w prove1 q readily1 ! psy*ic possibilities ( mundane exi/5ce4 ,z is well kn[n1 ! *ild ent]s life ) its c]ebellum almo/ devoid ( functions4 ,! vital processes are c>ri$ on ?r\gh ! c]ebrum & ! m$ulla oblongata1 purely by virtue ( ! /amp ( h]$ity1 & x is only aft] "s days t ! outside /imuli1 su* z light1 heat1 pressure or contact1 etc41 ( ! mo/ elem5t>y & primitive sort1 are respond$ to by ! infant4 ,its life is a matt] ( little or no individual int]e/ to x1 & x is usually only aft] _m mon?s1 &1 9 "s cases1 ye>s1 be=e ! *ild has any conception ( its own exi/5ce4 ,previ\s to ! compreh5sion ( its exi/5ce1 ! infant has to le>n to see & judge some?+ ( ! di/ance & size ( objects by ! use ( its eyes1 if n to inv]t ! ret9a image4 ,9 a non-moni/ic s5se1 ! *ild1 dur+ ?is p]iod1 has no s\l1 & its life or dea? is ( absolutely no mom5t to x4 ,9 ! second1 or adolesc5t /age1 ! mo/ important ( ! individual's concrete k is obta9$--t ^u :i* ! basis ( judgm5t re/s 9 aft]-ye>s4 ,! develop+ m5tality seizes new facts ) avidity1 & ! memory is m ke51 pot5tially1 at ?is /age ?an at any o!r4 ,! value ( correct associations at ?is era _c be ov]-e/imat$1 z ideas & habits =m$ 9 ?is p]iod cl+ t5aci\sly to ! individual4 ,s deeply seat$ d !y become t !y =m a "p ( :at we call1 9 aft]-ye>s1 our in/9ct1 & ^u ^! memories & ! f\ndation ( habits we build our lat] intuition4 ,voltaire has some:]e rem>k$ t ,mank9d is l$ m by in/9ct ?an by reason1 & 8 obs]vation is a j "o4 ,! acquisition ( concrete facts or k1 9 a specializ$ =m1 takes place at a v mu* m rapid rate at ?is p]iod ?an dur+ any o!r "o1 & ! *ild's m9d is v pla/ic1 & absorbs in=mation gre$ily4 ,nature has s arrang$ x t at ?is "t1 :5 mo/ is to be le>n$1 le>n+ comes m easily ?an be=e or aft]w>ds4 ,9 ! normal *ild1 ! s5se ( duty beg9s to make itself felt at ?is juncture1 & :ile ?is may be entirely an objective idea1 nev]!less1 x cle>ly %[s an appreciation ( ju/ice 9 a reg>d = ! rights ( o!rs4 ,c\pl$ ) ?is1 !re is a satisfaction :i* comes bo? f a s5se ( our k--little ?\gh x be--& ! feel+ t ?is is be+ us$ z a guide to our conduct2 a s5tim5t :i* ,bacon eloqu5tly expresses 9 8 aphorism3 ,no pleasure is comp>able ) ! /&+ ^u ! vantage gr\nd ( ,tru?4 ,) ?is realization1 life = ! fir/ "t becomes wor? liv+1 & our desire = m k foll[s directly ^u our appreciation ( ! p[] :i* tru? gives ov] our de/9y4 ,! grasp+ & compreh5sion ( ?is idea by ! *ild is "o ( ! greate/1 if n ! mo/ important1 po9ts to be atta9$ 9 any educational sy/em4 ,! absorption ( ab/ract facts does n con/itute1 prim>ily1 any "p ( an education1 z ,sp5c] has s cle>ly %[n2 b ! implant+ ( ! desire = tru?1 & ! mann] 9 :i* we %\ld assimilate & use x1 does atta9 ! highe/ aim ( any s*eme ( erudition4 ,x is 9 ?is second /age ( developm5t t ?is mu/ be done rudim5tally2 consequ5tly1 compulsory education mu/ be c>ri$ at lea/ ?r\gh ?is p]iod4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird subdivision 9 ! life ( ! individual1 we f9d a peculi> n]v\s t5sion1 :i* is inv>iably an accompanim5t ( ?is /age ( physical developm5t4 ,! imag9ative faculties are enorm\sly /imulat$1 &1 unless direct$ into ! "r *annels1 are sure to "w to ! et]nal h>m ( bo? male & female *ildr54 ,!y %\ld h be5 giv5 a g5]al k ( _! physical peculi>ities1 previ\s to ?is "t1 by _! p>5ts1 & %\ld be all[$ ! companion%ip ( playmates ( ! opposite sex s long z _! *>act]s are n objectionable4 ,^! close acqua9tances betwe5 girls & boys %\ld be fo/]$ & all[$ to become fri5d%ip1 r ?an be disc\rag$ & ridicul$1 by ! p>5ts & gu>dians1 z is s (t5 ! case4 ,! pol>ity ( sex w ass]t itself at ?is e>ly age1 & ! boys w /rive to appe> manly1 /rong & noble1 :ile ! girls1 9 a less positive s5se1 p]haps1 b 9 an equally b5eficial mann]1 w attempt to assume ! womanly peculi>ities ( res]v$ k9dl9ess & sympa?y1 :i* has made ! female "* s lovable & univ]sally admir$ ?r\gh all ! ages4 ,9 ?is matt] ( ! int]sexual association ( *ildr51 our public s*ool sy/em is usually 9 error1 s9ce1 9 mo/ t[ns1 ! playgr\nds ( ! boys & girls are sep>at$ by high f5ces1 & communication is entirely cut (f dur+ play times4 ,! association ) a l>ge numb] ( individuals ( ! opposite sex gives ! *ild a broad] basis ^u :i* to =m a judgm5t conc]n+ any "o1 & if taught at ! same "t to use 8 m9d analytically1 w mean a correspond+ly high ideal ( 8 own4 ,! ideal ( ! *ild is b ! select$ /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( 8 own acqua9tances1 coalesc$ into an imag9ative be+4 ,?is ideal is high or l[1 j z he has be5 taught to rev]5ce & wor%ip beautiful or unlovely & vile ?+s2 b1 all conditions be+ equal1 !re is no o!r "t 9 life :5 ! human m9d w s readily respond to ! pure & noble /imulation ( /heticism z aga9/ ! bas5ess & depravity ( unbridl$ s5suality4 ,mu* has be5 said conc]n+ ! diff]5ce 9 ! sy/ems ( education & ! class ( facts to be pres5t$ to ! male1 z di/+ui%$ f ! female1 m9d4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! desir$ result ( education 9 ei!r case is broadly simil>--! fitt+ ( ! individual = a useful & happy life4 ,b x does n foll[ t1 because 9 our pres5t civilization1 ! woman is necess>ily ! gu>dian ( ! /hetic1 :ile ! man is engross$ ) ! practical1 t ! same set ( facts & p[] ( inve/igation & reason are n j z good a prep>ation ) :i* to meet ! id5tical _w-problems 9 ! "o life z 9 ! o!r4 ,tru? is ! same to ! boy z to ! girl1 & ! mat]ial facts d n *ange :e!r fac$ by "o sex or its opposite4 ,s9ce 9 our indu/rial life1 we h all[$ woman to assume already no mean "p1 we h m ?an ev] a valid reason = giv+ h] ! same c\rse ( tra9+ 9 g5]al :i* we prescribe = h] bro!r4 ,nor are we speak+ ( intellectual & moral education alone--b ! physical z well--& ?is 9 its broade/ s5se4 ,if we c b /amp indelibly ^u ! m9ds ( our *ildr5 t ! natural consequ5ces ( _! actions are ! puni%m5ts1 p] se1 :i* !y mu/ suff] 9 p]son1 we h done ab\t all possible t[>d mak+ _! pa?ways ?r\gh ! _w lead at lea/ ?r\gh negative enjoym5t1 9 place ( absolute grief4 ,!re mu/ be inculcat$ a frankness & s9c]ity into ! processes ( _! m5tality1 be=e correct judgm5t c exi/1 &1 )\t ?is1 no s*eme ( education c fulfill its mission4 ,?is hone/y ( "* or intro-active integrity is a h>d matt] to in/ill into ! *ild1 s9ce our me?ods & actions are v r>ely consi/5t1 z ,ri*t]1 ,r\sseau1 ,sp5c]1 & o!rs--9 tru?1 all ( our great educational ?9k]s--h s well realiz$4 ,! indisp5sability ( ?is c&or & f]vor is none ! less appreciat$1 h[ev]1 ow+ to ! almo/ insurm\ntable difficulties att5d+ its procuration4 ,x is j 9 ?is connection t intimate fri5d%ips ) memb]s ( bo? sexes s nicely supplem5t ! "w accompli%$ by p>5tal association1 s9ce ! re/ra9t c]ta9 to come f ! au?ority ( ! p>5t or gu>dian1 is unkn[n z an influ5ce betwe5 ^? equal 9 age & /ation 9 life4 ,9 ! use ( ! beg9n+ ( sexual int]c\rse1 z a l9e ( dem>cation betwe5 p]iods ( human exi/5ce1 x w\ld seem t a mo/ natural & rational selection 7 made4 ,z a pro( ( ?is1 x is b necess>y to call to m9d ! l>ge numb] ( b>b>ic & semi-civiliz$ peoples :o obs]ve "s initiatory rites or my/]ies connect$ ) ! arrival ( ! individual at pub]ty or nubility1 :i* ) !m is1 to all int5ts & purposes1 ! same z1 if n absolutely id5tical )1 ! beg9n+ ( sexual indulg5ce4 ,"u our civic law1 x is at ?is "t t1 ?r\gh m>riage1 ! human be+ assumes 8 full responsibilities1 &1 by ! beg9n+ ( an indep5d5t family relation1 becomes an integral1 co-ord9ate memb] ( ! /ate4 ,x is at ?is /ress & /orm p]iod t ! real "w ( life--! fruition ( exi/5ce--takes place4 ,beg9n+ ) ! intimate association ) ano!r human be+1 ^: rights & privileges are s int]wov5 ) our own t x is frequ5tly a h>d matt] to respect !m )\t becom+ di/ant1 tol]at+ ! idiosyncrasies1 & laud+ ! virtues1 9 su* a way t ! =m] are dim9i%$1 :ile ! latt] are increas$2 try+ to anticipate ! wants & wi%es ( ! o!r s t !y may be gratifi$--n = _! own satisfaction1 prim>ily1 b = our own2 see+ ! pleasures ( s5suality transmut$ 9 ! crucible ( pa9 into ! gold ( a new exi/5ce2 feel+ ! supplem5t>y affection & int]e/1 :i*1 = ! want ( a bett] "n1 we call p>5tal love1 &1 z ! (fspr+ gr[ old]1 ! pride & elation :i* comes ) _! a*ievem5ts2 /&+ at la/ beside ! grave1 cru%$ ) grief1 rav+ l ,macbe? 9 despair1 or inspir$ ) a transc5d5tal insanity l ,ri*t]'s--^! all are ! vicissitudes ( mature human life1 :5 at its be/4 ,b1 great & v>i$ z !y are1 we f9d !m1 9 fact1 v closely fus$ toge!r2 & l all life-processes1 !y take place at a comp>atively sl[ rate1 s t be=e we are aw>e1 we h arriv$ at ! beg9n+ ( s5ile deg5]ation4 ,prior to ! end+ ( ?is f\r? /age1 ! education ( ! individual has be5 f9i%$1 & x dep5ds l>gely ^u ! previ\s mode ( liv+1 & ! mann] ( ?9k+ :e!r he may n rema9 at 8 be/ = a :ile1 or mu/ at once beg9 ! desc5t1 f :i* !re is no return4 ,=tunate1 inde$1 is he ^: /> rema9s long bright at ! z5i?4 ,consid]+ n[ :at con/itutes an education & ! be/ means ( obta9+ x1 we c pr(itably review ! pr9ciples involv$4 ,z ,sp5c] has %[n1 intellectual1 moral1 & ev5 physical developm5t = ! human be+ mu/ proce$ 9 "o direction--call x :at we w4 ,!re c be no "q t ! infant1 z an individuality1 is homog5e\s 9 its ignorance & positive influ5ce2 t ! fir/ facts :i* dawn ^u its g]m9at+ intellig5ce are concrete & empirical1 & t all ( its acts are simple1 result+ f comp>atively simple /imuli4 ,education1 9 its broade/ s5se1 is ! developm5t1 cultivation1 & direction ( all ! natural p[]s ( man1 & its purpose %\ld be to fit ! individual = a useful & happy life4 ,education c come only ?r\gh ! acquisition ( k1 b k c be obta9$ 9 two ways4 ,by k1 we mean assurance born ( conviction1 bas$ ^u suffici5t evid5ce1 t a m5tal conception corresponds ) t :i* x repres5ts4 ,! primal way ( ga9+ k is by exp]i5ce1 & und\bt$ly ?is is ! mo/ satisfactory & ?or\gh 9 all cases1 :]e ! result ( su* exp]i5ce is n ( su* a nature z to pot5tially less5 ! possibilities ( ! individual = future usefulness & happ9ess4 ,:]e ?is w\ld occur1 or :]e1 = any reason1 su* z lack ( "t or opportunity1 x _c be resort$ to1 ! accurately record$ exp]i5ce ( o!rs c be assimilat$ ?r\gh ! memory & reason+ faculties1 & add$ to ! /ore ( k = ! m9d's use4 ,9 us+ ! second me?od ( acquir+ k1 we %\ld n only ex]cise ! utmo/ c>e 9 select+ au?orities :o h a reputation = ke5ness ( p]ception & tru?fulness ( n>ration1 b we %\ld n accept _! dictum = :at seems to be to u contr>y to our previ\s exp]i5ce1 & uns\nd to our reason & judgm5t4 ,unless we are able to foll[ ) our reason _! n>ration ( ! causes ( ev5ts1 x is ( b little avail t we rea* _! conclusion4 ,! adoption ( ! sci5tific z di/+ui%$ f ! ,ari/otelian sy/em ( education by ! lead+ tea*]s ( all ! ,occid5tal c\ntries )9 ! la/ c5tury1 has be5 ( enorm\s b5efit to ! human race4 ,we "k n[ t ! fir/ ?+ to be le>n$ is to ma9ta9 ! body 9 z ne>ly p]fect physical condition z possible--s9ce ! m9d1 to a m>k$ degree1 reflects ! pa?ological /ate ( ! fle%4 ,consequ5tly1 hygi5e becomes ! fundam5tal sci5ce 9 ! education ( ! human be+1 & facts relat+ !reto %\ld take prec$5ce g5]ally ov] all o!rs 9 ! priority ( "t 9 a y\?'s education4 ,) ! habit ( heal? once e/abli%$1 ! next matt] is to see t ^? /udies :i* w place ! individual 9 possession ( ! greate/ numb]s ( facts conc]n+ 8 physical & m5tal environm5ts1 & :i* w give him ! be/ tra9+ 9 obs]vation & reason+1 are pursu$4 ,= ?is1 natural sci5ce & its accompany+ ma!matics1 are supreme1 al?\gh en\gh manual tra9+ & dome/ic sci5ce %\ld be includ$ 9 ! curriculum to insure an acqua9tance ) ! matt]s ( ev]yday life4 ,human physiology & anatomy1 z well z ! subject ( p>5?ood1 %\ld also h a %>e ( att5tion comm5surate ) _! importance--& ?is has long be5 d5i$ !m4 ,elem5t>y psy*ology mu/ also h a place ev5 9 t c\rse ( education :i* %\ld be made compulsory 9 e ,/ate4 ,a k ( ! elem5t>y ,lat9 & ,greek is also to be desir$ 9 ^? c\ntries ^: v]nacul>s are l>gely made up f ^w-roots to be f\nd 9 ^! dead languages4 ,z a matt] ( amusem5t & erudition e individual %\ld h "s l9e ( "w o!r ?an t ( 8 daily r\t9e1 ^u :i* to devote 8 sp>e "t1 reg>dless ( ! educational advantages :i* he may h _h be=e assum+ 8 responsibilities 9 ! _w's "w4 ,?is is equally true ( woman4 ,h[ev]1 ?is %\ld n be done ) ! int5tion ( w9n+ fame--al?\gh t is n impossible1 s9ce ,newton develop$ 8 ,calculus 9 8 sp>e "t aft] h\rs1 :ile work+ z a cl]k ^u a v mod]ate sal>y--or attract+ ! att5tion ( o!rs1 b z a means ( self-developm5t4 ,ei!r "s p>ticul> unsolv$ problem may be tak5 hold (1 su* z ! sci5ces ( *emi/ry1 physics1 or biology are s replete )1 or ! subject ( lit]ature & belles lettres may be /udi$ mo/ ent]ta9+ly & pr(itably4 ,?is class ( work]s 7 v mu* m num]\s =m]ly ?an at pres5t1 ow+ to ! rise ( comm]cialism rec5tly ov] ! :ole _w1 & x is among ^! t labor = love1 r ?an = pr(it1 t mu* ( ! real accompli%m5t occurs4 ,f our /&po9t1 no plan ( human exi/5ce c be complete1 9 ! highe/ & be/ s5se ( ! ^w1 :i* does n include ?is phase ( life1 nor c any s*eme ( education be compreh5sive :i* does n lead up to x4 ,!re is probably no natural law1 ! k ( :i* is ( s mu* importance to ! human race at l>ge1 z t commonly kn[n z ! law ( comp5sation4 ,h[ _m ( ! ?9k+ vulg> h = ages repeat$ ! anci5t adage3 ,y _c h y\r pie & eat x4 ,b x has rema9$ = mod]n sci5ce to demon/rate h[ absolutely true ?is is1 & ,em]son only p>tly /at$ 8 case 9 "o ( 8 be/ essays3 ,tit = tat2 an eye = an eye2 a too? = a too?2 blood = blood2 measure = measure1 love = love4 ,give & x %all be giv5 to y4 ,no?+ v5ture1 no?+ h4 ,?\ %alt be paid exactly = :at ?\ ha/ done1 no m1 no less4 ,:o do? n "w1 %all n eat4 ,h>m wat*1 h>m cat*4 ,curses always recoil on ! head ( him :o imprecates !m4 ,if y put a *a9 ar\nd ! neck ( a slave1 ! o!r end fa/5s itself ar\nd y\r own4 ,bad c\ncil conf\nds ! advis]4 ',:at w y h8' quo? ,god2 'pay = x & take x4' ,x is "o ( ! l>ge/ p>ts ( any education1 yea1 x is ! major1 to "k t y mu/ pay = :at y get 9 life :e!r y w or no1 & t y are =c$ con/antly to b>ga9 & b>t] :at y h = :at y h n1 & x is imp]ative t y see t y get some?+ :i* y really want1 & :i* w add to y\r happ9ess4 ,&1 9 spite ( y\rself1 y w get :at y really want1 = y c't help x2 b = x y w h to pay out some?+1 z y are do+ all ! "t4 ,be sure to get some?+ back ( value1 let y\r ideals be high1 *oose ! ?+ :i* w give y ! mo/ happ9ess1 b1 rememb]1 t y mu/ pay its price4 ,x is ! sudd5 realization ( ! law ( comp5sation1 held possibly to an unt5able extreme1 t acc\nts = ! rec5t rapid proselyt+ ( ! ,*ri/ian ,sci5ce cult4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,religion ,,& ,,e?ics ,^? :o h notic$ little *ildr5 play+ cont5t$ly 9 ! e>ly ev5+1 :5 "o ( _! numb] sugge/$ ! *ange ( amusem5t to ! game ( bugoo-be>1 c\ld n h fail$ to see ! almo/ imm$iate alt]ation 9 ! infantile m9d f ! mo/ happy placidity to ! mo/ t5se appreh5sion4 ,al?\gh ! lights /ill burn$ at _! utmo/ brilliancy & ! game 0 ent]$ into ) p]fect good fai? by ! *ildr51 nev]!less x 0 a matt] ( b a %ort :ile until all 7 ?or\ghly sc>$ & expect$ ! bugoo-be> to appe> 9 any d>k or %ad[$ place4 ,?is ph5om5on has always seem$ to be a v close analogy to j :at happ5s ) gr[n p]sons :o are work+ up a religi\s f]vor4 ,j z ! d>k] ! room is1 ! m appreh5sive ! *ildr5 become1 s ! deep] ! ignorance ( natural sci5ce is :i* engulfs ! mature human individuals1 directly 9 t proportion w be _! capacity = religi\s fanaticism4 ,! consci\sness ( man t he is dep5d5t ^u "s sup]natural be+1 has be5 & always w be ! only basis ^u :i* religi\s belief c be po/ulat$4 ,if we ins]t ! idea ( natural causes 9 place ( ! sup]natural be+ 9 ! =ego+ s5t5ce1 !n in/ead ( a religi\s belief1 we h ! f\ndation = a sy/em ( e?ics4 ,! dissem9ation ( sci5tific k 9 ! la/ c5tury has done m to break d[n religi\s ca/e & hatr$ ?an all o!r influ5ces comb9$ previ\s to t "t4 ,! au?ority ( age has be5 appreciably less5$1 ! significance ( miracles z c]ta9 pro(s ( div9ity on ! "p ( religi\s tea*]s has *ang$1 ! reasonabl5ess or exp$i5cy ( any sy/em ( vic>i\s atonem5t z a means ( atta9+ ei!r spiritual or moral grace1 & ! realization ( humanity 9 g5]al t ! individual expiates 8 physical crimes by bodily suff]+1 & 8 moral s9s by ! tortures ( a guilty consci5ce1 are all v]ifications ( :at has occurr$ 9 ! spiritual & moral _w rec5tly4 ,! enorm\s /rides made 9 proselyt+ by monism )9 ! la/ few decades1 speak volumes ^u ?is topic4 ,! /atem5t has rec5tly be5 made1 z ! result ( an ecclesia/ical c5sus conduct$ by "o ( ! l>ge/ ,*ri/ian d5om9ations1 t less ?an tw5ty-five p] c5t4 ( our p 9 ?is c\ntry regul>ly att5d *ur* s]vice4 ,! dem& ( ! age = demon/ration does n well accord ) ! cr$ulity insi/$ ^u by ! p[]ful religi\s organizations ( to-day4 ,religi\s beliefs are ( necessity m]e matt]s ( sup]/ition1 & are bas$ v l>gely ^u ! t5d5cy ( ! human m9d to b[ d[n be=e au?ority1 p>ticul>ly1 if x is insol5t1 & ! p[] ( a falsehood to put on ! appe>ance ( a tru?1 if x c b ga9 suffici5t repetition4 ,cr$idi propt] quod1 locutus sum4 ,! braz5ness ( ?is 9 mu* ( ! lit]ature ( religi\s revelation1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,hebrew1 ,*ri/ian1 & ,mohamm$an collections1 is mo/ readily app>5t to ! mo/ cursory critic4 ,9 fact1 no /rictly religi\s lit]ature at ! "t ( ! supremacy ( ! belief is free f x4 ,x is true ( all religions t into ! w>p ( sup]/ition ! wo( ( a code ( e?ics is int]wov54 ,9 ! e>li] /ages ( culture x has long be5 "o ( ! accept$ crit]ia ( any fai? :e!r its accompany+ sci5ce ( duty1 z develop$ 9 x1 0 relatively good or bad4 ,t !re is a logical connection betwe5 ^! two elem5ts no "o c d\bt1 b ?is int]-relation is m frequ5tly accid5tal ?an x is ess5tial4 ,facts %[ t ! in/itut]s & e>ly promulgators ( all ( ! great religions ( :i* we h k1 h seiz$ ) avidity ^u any moral /ipulations :i* 7 necess>y = _! locality or condition ( life1 & t if capital c\ld be made out ( ^! peculi> prov9cial circum/ances1 !y 7 n sl[ 9 co9+ !m to _! advantage4 ,an in/ance ( ?is w be readily recogniz$ 9 ! inculcat+ )9 _! t5ets su* doctr9es z ! exi/5ce ( an omnipres5t & omnisci5t deity1 ^: favor may be won by supplication1 humility1 or sacrifice1 or t ( a p]sonal immortality = ea* individual 9 a pleasurable condition z "o ( ! rew>ds = belief & an endless exi/5ce ( pa9 = its lack4 ,z ! numb] ( conv]ts increas$1 !re has1 9 almo/ e case1 gr[n up a p[]ful & weal?y sac]dotal class hav+ special privileges4 ,?is cult ( prie/hood is soon corrupt$ by idl5ess & luxury1 & ! great influ5ce :i* is atta*$ to x by virtue ( its vocation1 has soon] or lat] be5 l>gely ex]t$ to keep its p>i%ion]s "u its control by means ( ignorance & sup]/ition4 ,no matt] h[ pure & s9c]e may h be5 its f\nd]1 or h[ elevat+ or altrui/ic its doctr9es might be1 practically all religions h suff]$ f ! infamy & gross selfi%ness ( _! prie/hoods1 :o by _! %ort-sight$ policies ( oppos+ all adju/m5t ( its dogma to newly-discov]$ facts1 or _! advancem5t along ) contempor>y civilizations1 h b precipitat$ _! d[nfall4 ,f "o to ano!r ( ! gods ( heav5 has ! sceptre ( p[] & ! purple ( au?ority pass$ ) advanc+ ages1 until x is no wond] t ?9k+ p are ask+1 ,:o w next occupy ! old ?rone8 ,! e>lie/ religion ( :i* we h any k 0 t prevail+ 9 ! ,valley ( ! ,nile ov] sev51 & p]haps z long z t51 ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,! orig9 ( ^! ,egyptian ,aborig9es we d n "k--"s h suppos$ t !y came f a mixture ( conqu]+ ,lybians1 ) ! e>ly dwell]s along ! l[] c\rses ( ! riv]4 ,"t has effac$ all record ( any religi\s texts :i* !y may h possess$1 yet we c tell f ! mann] 9 :i* !y buri$ _! dead1 :5 n dismemb]$1 ) _! faces always to ! s\?1 & ly+ ^u _! left side1 :ile ! corpse 0 wrapp$ 9 ! sk9s ( gazelles or 9 grass mats--t _! ideas ( a future life 7 tol]ably well-def9$4 ,! civilization ( ?is p 0 modifi$ by ! arrival ( ! conqu]+ immigrants :o probably came f ,asia1 ei!r by way ( ,arabia or across ! ,r$ ,sea1 & :o1 9 turn1 engraft$ ^u ! religion ( ! conqu]$ c]ta9 t5ets ( _! own1 & 9 ?is way =m$ a new sy/em1 ! records ( :i* we f9d 9 ,! ,book ( ! ,dead1 :i* is n only ! olde/ book extant1 b also ! mo/ antiquat$ collection ( sacr$ lit]ature ( :i* we h k4 ,exploration 9 ,egyptian bury+-gr\nds pla9ly %[s t betwe5 ! "t ( ! disposition ( ! dead1 z fir/ not$1 & ! date ( ! supremacy ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead1 t !re exi/$ civilizations 9 ?is valley :o no long] buri$ _! dead :ole1 ) crude attempts at embalm+ ) bitum51 b :o burn$ _! corpses m or less completely1 & ?rew ! rema9+ bones into a %all[ pit4 ,aft] ?is came a race :o dismemb]$ ! bodies ( _! dead1 bury+ ! h&s & feet 9 "o place1 :ile ! trunk & ! re/ ( ! arms & legs 7 plac$ 9 a grave1 sep>ate aga9 f ! head4 ,x is impossible1 ( c\rse1 to ev5 guess at ! l5g? ( "t necess>y to effect su* *anges 9 ! cu/oms ( p1 b we d "k t at lea/ sev5ty c5turies ago ! ritual conta9$ 9 ! ,book ( ! ,dead 0 g5]ally accept$4 ,& f ?is remote pre-dyna/ic "t d[n to ! sev5? c5tury aft] ,*ri/1 mummify+ 01 9 "s =m or o!r1 cont9ually practic$ 9 ! ,valley ( ! ,nile4 ,at ! e>lie/ "t ( :i* we h record1 we f9d ! ,egyptians wor%ip+ a numb] ( auto*?onic gods1 ( :om ,osiris & 8 si/] ,isis 7 ! *ief4 ,_! ideas ( ! deities 7 entirely an?ropomorphic4 ,osiris hav+ liv$ & suff]$ dea? & mutilation1 & hav+ be5 embalm$1 0 by 8 si/]s1 ,isis & ,neph?ys1 provid$ ) a s]ies ( *>ms1 by :i* he 0 protect$ f all evil & h>m 9 ! future life1 & :o _h recit$ c]ta9 magical =mul :i* _h1 9 ! _w to come1 giv5 him ev]la/+ life4 ,x is c]ta9 t ! practice ( ?is belief *ang$ 9 m9or details _m times z ! semi-b>b>\s & s5sual ,nor? ,africans 7 subject$ to ! influ5ce ( _! m highly moral & spiritual ,asiatic conqu]ors4 ,_! tombs *ang$ f %all[ pits to brick sepul*res1 & ^! 7 9 turn replac$1 by ^? :o c\ld af=d x1 by pyramids--! mo/ sub/antial =m ( human ar*itecture left by hi/oric races4 ,z %[+ ! height ( ! civilization rea*$ by ! anci5t ,egyptians1 x is wor?y ( note t ! great ,pyramid ( ,*eops is n only ! mo/ gigantic tomb ev] built1 b t x 0 design$ to s]ve also z an a/ronomical obs]vatory1 & t its ,ori5tation = ?is purpose is v accurate1 :5 we consid] t ! ,egyptians _h no transits or o!r in/rum5ts su* z we h n[4 ,consequ5tly1 9 ! location ( ?is "w1 !y 7 =c$ to ei!r use ! %ad[ or pol> me?od1 & ! latt] be+ ! mo/ accurate 01 9 fact1 select$ by !m4 ,_h !y kn[n any?+ ( ! refraction ( light z x passes f space into our atmosph]e1 & be5 able to make ! correction = horizontal p>allax1 _! location w\ld h be5 accurate4 ,! purposes ( _! a/ronomical obs]vations1 z made f ?is pyramid1 7 a/rological und\bt$ly1 z ! completion ( ! tomb %ut (f ! gall]ies :i* _h be5 s c>efully locat$4 ,accord+ to ! ,book ( ! ,dead1 ! human economy 0 compos$ ( n9e diff]5t integral p>ts1 all ( :i*1 except ! r5 or "n1 are compris$ broadly )9 our idea ( body & s\l4 ,! judgm5t ( ea* individual took place aft] dea?1 be=e ! tribunal ( ,osiris1 & 9 8 ,hall ( ,judgm5t4 ,"h ! s\l1 /ripp$ ( all *ance ( deceit or subt]fuge1 0 =c$ to make1 z 8 address to ,osiris1 ! ju/ly fam\s ,negative ,confession1 & ! tru? be+ app>5t to ,osiris & 8 =ty-two associates1 judgm5t 0 giv5 imp>tially & ^u an absolute basis ( fact4 ,! /&>d ( e?ics dem&$ ( ! individual c be realiz$ f ! fragm5ts quot$ f ?is address3--,9 tru? ,i h come to !e & ,i h br\ght "r & tru? to !e1 & ,i h de/roy$ wick$ness = !e4 ,i h n br\ght =w>d my "n = exaltation to honors4 ,i h _h no association ) wor?less m54 ,i h n utt]$ evil words aga9/ any man4 ,i h n /irr$ up /rife4 ,i h n judg$ ha/ily4 ,i h n made haughty my voice1 nor behav$ ) insol5ce4 ,i h n ill-treat$ s]vants4 ,i h n caus$ h>m to be done to ! s]vant by 8 ma/]4 ,i h n made to be ! fir/ consid]ation ( ea* day t excessive labor %\ld be p]=m$ = me4 ,i h n oppress$ ! memb]s ( my family4 ,i h n defraud$ ! oppress$ "o ( 8 prop]ty4 ,i h nei!r fil*$ away l&1 nor h ,i encroa*$ ^u ! fields ( o!rs4 ,i h n dim9i%$ f ! bu%el1 nor h ,i misread ! po9t] ( ! scales nor add$ to ! weights4 ,i h n c>ri$ away ! milk f ! m\?s ( *ildr54 ,i h caus$ no man to suff] hung]4 ,i h made no "o to weep4 ,i h n act$ deceitfully4 ,i h n utt]$ falsehood4 ,i h n wr\ght evil 9 ! place ( "r & tru?4 ,i h n committ$ !ft4 ,i h n done viol5ce to any man4 ,i h done no murd]4 ,i h ord]$ no murd] done = me4 ,i h n caus$ pa94 ,i h n done iniquity4 ,i h n defil$ ! wife ( any man4 ,i h n committ$ =nication1 nor h ,i la9 ) any man4 ,i h n done evil to mank9d4 ,i h n committ$ any s9 aga9/ purity4 ,i am pure4 ,i am pure4 ,i am pure4 ,^? :o 7 condemn$ be=e ?is tribunal 7 in/antly dev\r$ by ! ,eat] ( ! ,dead1 :ile ! good 7 admitt$ into ! realm ( ,osiris to enjoy ev]la/+ happ9ess & life4 ,we turn n[ f ! ,valley ( ! ,nile to t ( ! ,tigris & ,euphrates1 ly+ ab\t "o ?\s& miles ea/w>d4 ,"h we f9d ! home ( ! ,assyrian & ,babylonian empires1 & int]wov5 ) _! religion we f9d _m ( ! old my?s :i*1 9 a corrupt$ =m1 occur 9 our own ,bible4 ,z ! papyri ( ,egypt h be5 =c$ to give up _! secrets1 s h ! clay cyl9d]s ( ,mesopotamia4 ,^!1 n[ ly+ 9 ! ,briti% & ,b]l9 ,museums1 tell 9 a pur] & m primitive =m ?an t f\nd 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! /ory ( ! fall ( man1 & ^u an old cyl9d] seal we h x illu/rat$1 apple tree1 woman1 s]p5t1 & all4 ,! /ory ( ! deluge is also !re tak5 f ! libr>y ( ,s>danapalus at ,n9eveh1 j z x 0 writt5 ^u ! cyl9d] m ?an two ?\s& ye>s be=e ,*ri/4 ,all t is requir$ to duplicate ?is deluge z f> z ! valley ( ,mesopotamia is conc]n$1 is a trem5d\s d[np\r ( wat]1 co9cid5t ) a tornado bl[+ up ! ,p]sian ,gulf1 j z "s ?irty ye>s ago1 9 ! delta ( ! ,ganges1 ne>ly a qu>t] ( a million p]sons p]i%$ dur+ a l ph5om5on 9 ! ,bay ( ,b5gal4 ,"h also we f9d ! creation my?1 & h[ aft] a t]rible /ruggle ) ! engulf+ wat]s1 ,m>duk f9ally cut !m 9 twa91 & out ( "o-half made ! ro( ( heav51 :ile out ( ! o!r half he made ! e>?4 ,!n1 too1 out ( m+l$ clay & cele/ial blood1 he made ! fir/ two human be+s1 man & woman4 ,! ,babylonians & ,assyrians believ$ 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l1 dep5d5t1 ( c\rse1 ^u ! mode 9 :i* x liv$ "h4 ,?us1 we f9d ! fif?1 six?1 & sev5? comm&m5ts j z we h !m 9 ! ,p5tateu*1 toge!r ) injunctions ( humanity1 *>ity1 m]cy1 & love on ! "p ( ! foll[] ( ,babel4 ,speak+ ! tru? & keep+ "o's ^w1 z well z fre$om f deceit1 are also comm&$1 & infr+em5ts ( ^! 7 reg>d$ z s9s puni%able by human afflictions & ailm5ts ( all sorts1 includ+ dea?4 ,_! idea ( heav5 0 fairly well-develop$1 v greatly 9 excess ( t ( ! ,hebrews4 ,_! heav5 0 a place ( delight & ease1 :ile ,%eol 0 a place full ( ?ir/ & discom=t4 ,x is also int]e/+ to "k t ! ,jews got _! ideas ( angels f ! ,babylonians1 ) :om1 z f> z we "k1 ?is idea 0 orig9al1 inasmu* z we f9d no m5tion ( !m 9 ! ,egyptian religi\s sy/em4 ,consid]+ n[ ! civilization :i* exi/$ 9 ! valleys ( ,mesopotamia f five to six ?\s& ye>s ago1 ! fir/ ?+ :i* arre/s our att5tion is _! k ( a/ronomy4 ,9 place ( ! ,egyptian pyramid1 ) its sides ,ori5t$ t[>d ! c>d9al po9ts1 we f9d ! ziggurat po9t+ ! angles in/ead4 ,?is "o fact %[s t ,*aldea did n borr[ f ,egypt1 b develop$ h] sci5ce indep5d5tly ( h] we/]n neighbor4 ,! planets 7 all kn[n & nam$1 eclipses 7 =etold ) accuracy1 & to ,accadia we owe n only our obs]vance ( ,sunday1 b our angul> duodecimal scale4 ,:at l5g? ( "t mu/ h be5 requir$ to admit ( su* a highly-develop$ civilization z ?is1 ) su* advanc$ religi\s & e?ical ideas1 is beyond ! fa9te/ conjecture4 ,f> m remote ?an t "t1 h[ev]1 7 ! fir/ settlem5ts on ! alluvial pla9s by ! rude aborig9es ( ! highl&s4 ,on ! plateau ( ,iran1 9 ,c5tral ,asia1 we f9d ! location ( ! olde/ kn[n habitation ( ! ,aryan race4 ,"h1 9 ! e>lie/ twilight ( our hi/ory1 we f9d tribes ( human be+s :o possess$ well-develop$ religi\s & e?ical ideas1 & ^: desc5dants1 mov+ t[>d ! s\!a/ & into ! valleys ( ! ,himalayas1 =mulat$ ! hymns :i*1 :5 compil$1 con/itute ! ,v$as or ! sacr$ lit]ature ( ! ,aryan ,indians1 :ile ! portion :o rema9$ beh9d1 became ! prog5itors ( ! ,aryan ,iranians ^: religi\s lore we f9d 9 t wond]ful collection kn[n z ! ,ave/a4 ,9 ^! two lit]atures1 bo? ( :i* are wor?y ( ! deepe/ inve/igation & mature/ delib]ation1 we h1 s f> z is kn[n1 ! olde/ idea ( a non-an?ropomorphic deity4 ,8 attributes ) ! ,indian 7 s subdivid$ & ab/ract$ z to all[ ?is "o god ess5ce to almo/ fill a pan!non4 ,_! wor%ip took ! =m ( adoration = ! /rik+ gr&eurs ( nature1 ea* ( :om !y reg>d$ z a sep>ate p]sonal consci\sness possess$ ( sup]human p[]s4 ,_! religion seems to ! sup]ficial inve/igator to be b an exceptionally pure =m ( pan!ism1 b ?is is n1 9 fact1 ! case1 s9ce philologi/s to-day recognize t ! ov]:elm+ spontane\s impulse :i* =ces ! b>b>ic human m5tality to give utt]ance to its deepe/ emotions1 is a c]ta9 index ( a crude mono!i/ic conception4 ,x is ,brahma :o is ! univ]sal self-exi/5t s\l1 & :o comprises1 9 8 inf9ity1 bo? ! god & ! ador]4 ,( c\rse1 z "t w5t on1 ^! ideas became m gross1 until1 ) ! introduction ( ca/e1 ! anci5t ,v$ic religion _h lo/ mu* ( its beauty & purity4 ,! religi\s sy/em _h become bo? dogmatic & pret5ti\s1 & p>ticul>ly insol5t 9 its au?ority ) ! rise 9 p[] ( ! sac]dotal class1 ! ,brahmans4 ,:ile ! ,v$ic religion is imbu$ ) a _s ( /rong belief 9 ! efficacy ( sacrifice & pray]1 we f9d t ?is /eadily increases 9 dom9ation z we approa* mod]n times4 ,to all1 except ! ,sudras or ,s]fs1 a c\rse ( life conduct is prescrib$ consi/+ ( f\r /ages1 viz43 z a religi\s /ud5t1 z a h\sehold]1 z an an*orite1 & la/1 z a religi\s m5dicant4 ,correspond+ to ^!1 !re 7 f\r sacr$ debts1 viz43 t due to ! gods & paid by wor%ip2 t due to ! anci5t sages & dis*>g$ by ,v$ic /udy2 t :i* he owes to 8 manes1 & :i* he relieves himself ( by ! p]petuation ( 8 "n 9 a son2 & la/1 t :i* he owes to mank9d1 & :i* dem&s 8 incessantly practic+ k9dness & hospitality4 ,!y believ$ 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l & ?r\gh metempsy*osis1 9 its rew>d or puni%m5t1 accord+ to its exi/5ce "h4 ,9 ! six? c5tury be=e ,*ri/1 !re liv$ 9 ,india a memb] ( ! ,brahman class :o 0 de/9$ to m ?an re/ore ,brahmanism to its pri/9e purity4 ,gautama ,buddha 0 born z ! son ( a local rul] & 8 wife1 ^: conception 0 accompli%$ by h] fall+ into a trance & dream+ t ! future ,buddha _h become a sup]b :ite elephant1 :o1 walk+ ar\nd h] & /rik+ h] ^u ! "r side ) a lotus fl[]1 ent]$ h] womb4 ,su* is ! ,h9doo my?4 ,?is re=m] altoge!r d5i$ ! exi/5ce ( ! s\l1 z an entity or sub/ance possess+ immortality 9 ! individual s5se1 & he taught t ! s\l's future happ9ess 9 ! ab/ract 0 entirely dep5d5t ^u its p]=mance :ile "h1 z di/+ui%$ f any recollection or effect ( its previ\s exi/5ces4 ,he d5i$ ! au?ority ( ! ,v$a & ! efficacy ( pray]--9 fact1 8 cre$ is be/ %[n by a quotation f 8 gospel3 ,rituals h no efficacy1 pray]s are b va9 repetitions1 & incantations h no sav+ p[]4 ,b to ab&on covet\sness & lu/1 to become free f all evil passions1 & to give up all hatr$ & ill-w2 t is ! "r sacrifice & ! true wor%ip4 ,?is is ! k]nel ( ! pure ,buddhi/ic belief1 & ?is decl>ation at once r$uces 8 sy/em f a religi\s to a purely e?ical "o4 ,except+ ! my? ( 8 conception1 8 life 0 a p]fectly natural "o4 ,no?+ c\ld be m real ?an 8 discov]y ( sorr[ & mis]y1 & 8 inquiry aft] its cause2 no?+ c be m t\*+ ?an 8 p>t+ f 8 wife & son1 :om he lov$ s mu* t he c\ld n haz>d ! pleasure ( a la/ f>ewell4 ,& "u ! /ress ( ?is situation1 we are p>ticul>ly told t he 0 human en\gh to give way to te>s4 ,no e?ics c\ld be high] 9 ! aggregate ?an 8--n once1 b "t & aga91 does he speak ?us3 ,indulge 9 lu/ b little1 & lu/1 l a *ild1 w gr[4 ,*>ity is ri* 9 returns2 *>ity is ! greate/ weal?1 = ?\gh x scatt]s1 x br+s no rep5tance4 ,bett] ?an sov]eignty ov] ! e>?1 bett] ?an liv+ 9 heav51 bett] ?an lord%ip ov] all ! worlds1 is ! fruit ( hol9ess4 ,= seek+ true religion1 !re is nev] a "t t c be inopportune4 ,! pres5t reaps :at ! pa/ has s[n1 & ! future is ! product ( ! pres5t4 ,f> bett] is x to rev]e ! tru? ?an try to appease ! gods by ! %$d+ ( blood4 ,:at love c a man possess :o believes t ! de/ruction ( life w atone = evil de$s8 ,c a new wrong expiate old wrongs8 ,& c ! slaught] ( an innoc5t victim take away ! s9s ( mank9d8 ,?is is practic+ religion by ! neglect ( moral conduct4 ,! s5sual man is ! slave ( 8 passions1 & pleasure-seek+ is degrad+ & vulg>4 ,b to satisfy ! necessities ( life is n evil4 ,to keep ! body 9 good heal? is a duty1 = o!rwise we %all n be able to trim ! lamp ( wisdom1 & keep our m9d /rong & cle>4 ,!re is no savior 9 ! _w except 9 tru?2 !re is no immortality except 9 tru?4 ,! tru? is be/ z x is1 h fai? 9 ! tru? & live x4 ,n by bir? does "o become an outca/2 n by bir? does "o become a ,brahman2 by de$s "o becomes an outca/ & by de$s "o becomes a ,brahman4 ,:at c\ld m /rongly emphasize ! position ( ,buddha 9 reg>d to ! infamy ( ! ca/e sy/em1 z x has be5 develop$ 9 ,india1 ?an ! p>able ( ! l[-ca/e girl at ! well :o _h be5 ask$ by ! disciple ,an&a = a dr9k4 ,?is girl1 see+ t he 0 a ,brahman1 or memb] ( ! highe/ ca/e1 repli$ t %e c\ld n give him ev5 a dr9k ( wat] )\t contam9at+ 8 hol9ess4 ,to ?is1 ,an&a promptly repli$3 ,i ask n = ca/e1 b = wat]4 ,& :5 %e came to ,buddha ) h] he>t full ( gratitude & love = ,an&a1 he spoke to h] 9 ! foll[+ language3 ,v]ily1 !re is great m]it 9 ! g5]osity ( a k+ :5 he is k9d to a slave1 b !re is great] m]it 9 ! slave :51 ignor+ ! wrongs :i* he suff]s1 he *]i%es k9dness & good-w to all mank9d4 ,he w cease to hate 8 oppressors1 & ev5 :5 p[]less to resi/ _! usurpation w1 ) compassion1 pity _! arrogance & sup]cili\s demeanor4 ,bless$ are ?\1 ,prakrita1 = al?\gh y are ( l[ ca/e1 y w be a model = noblem5 & noblewom54 ,y are ( l[ ca/e1 b ,brahmans w le>n a lesson f y4 ,sw]ve n f ! pa? ( ju/ice & righte\sness1 & y w out%9e ! royal glory ( que5s4 ,v little wond] is x t1 f ,nor? ,h9du/an1 ! doctr9es ( ,buddha soon l>gely prevail$ ov] ,c5tral1 ,s\!rn1 & ,ea/]n ,asia4 ,( ! almo/ numb]less sects into :i* ,buddhism is divid$1 all g back = _! inspiration to 8 tea*+s4 ,9 fact1 he left little = 8 disciples to d 9 ! matt] ( enunciat+ a pure & virtu\s sy/em ( e?ics1 s ?or\ghly did he cov] ! gr\nd himself4 ,:5 we rememb] t ,confucius 0 liv+ 9 ,*9a at almo/ ! id5tical "t t ,buddha 0 prea*+ 9 ,h9du/an1 we _c help b wond] at ! /rang5ess ( ! occurr5ce--bo? enunciat+ a philosophy or sy/em ( e?ics :i* 0 de/9$ to affect ! conduct ( s l>ge a portion ( ! human race4 ,z we read ,lao-,tse's injunction to requite hatr$ ) goodness1 x seems t he mu/ h drawn 8 inspiration f an ,indian s\rce4 ,we return n[ to ! location 9 ,c5tral ,asia1 & to ! remote antiquity f :i* we digress$4 ,at ! same "t ! ,indians 9 ! s\!a/ h be5 develop+ _! religion1 ! ,iranians h n rema9$ quiesc5t4 ,_! great sage1 ,z>a?u/ra1 or ,zoroa/]1 _h be5 tea*+ 8 dualism--9 _m respects ! mo/ subtle religi\s philosophy ev] promulgat$4 ,f :at little ( ! ,z5d lore t has escap$ ! ravages ( "t1 we are able to-day to trace ! outl9es ( a religion & philosophy bas$ ^u primal pol>ities4 ,ahura is to ,zoroa/] ! great ,life-,_s-,"l1 ! ,great ,creator1 ! ,great ,wise ,"o4 ,8 six *>act]i/ics are ! fundam5tal laws ( a righte\s univ]se2 simple1 cle>1 & pure4 ,ahura creates ! _w dur+ six p]iods3 9 ! fir/1 heav52 9 ! second1 wat]2 9 ! ?ird1 e>?2 9 ! f\r?1 plants2 9 ! fif?1 animals2 & 9 ! six?1 man4 ,all ( ! human race is desc5d$ f a primitive pair4 ,!re is a deluge1 & "o man is select$ to save & protect repres5tatives ( ea* species s t ! e>? may be repeopl$ ) a bett] race4 ,zoroa/] que/ions ,ahura on ! ,m\nt ( ,holy ,conv]sations1 & receives f him answ]s4 ,s f>1 ! p>allel betwe5 ,zoroa/rianism & ,judaism is complete4 ,! diff]5ce n[ appe>s1 = ! =m] held t ! _w 0 to la/ f\r p]iods--dur+ ! fir/ two1 ,ahura has complete au?ority4 ,!n comes ,ahriman1 ! self-exi/5t evil-pr9ciple1 & _! conflict fills ! ?ird p]iod4 ,! f\r? p]iod1 :i* op5s ) ! adv5t ( ,zoroa/]1 ends ) ! d[nfall ( ,ahriman1 & ! resurrection ( ! s\l = a future life4 ,x is entirely )9 ! p[] ( ! individual z to :e!r he wi%es to come "u ! p[] ( ! ,good or ,evil ,_s1 & ) :om he *ooses to ally himself4 ,b ! /ruggle is incessant1 & wat*fulness mu/ always be ma9ta9$4 ,s mu* = ! religion--n[ = ! e?ics4 ,to ! ,zoroa/rian1 ! natural & normal 9 life is n d]id$ & scorn$1 nor is woman look$ ^u z a necess>y evil1 z is ! case 9 ,buddhism1 ,*ri/ianity1 & ,mohamm$anism4 ,"h is a quotation f ! ,z5d ,ave/a f ! m\? ( ,ahura himself3 ,v]ily1 ,i say unto y1 ! man :o has a wife is f> above him :o lives 9 cont95ce2 he :o keeps a h\se is f> above him :o has none2 he :o has *ildr5 is f> above him :o is *ildless2 he :o has ri*es is f> above him :o has none4 ,if we c use ! moral code ( ! only rema9+ ,zoroa/rians 9 ! _w to-day1 ! ,p>sees1 z a crit]ion to judge by1 we mu/ ackn[l$ge t no religion enjoys a pur] & m p]fect c\rse ( conduct4 ,dr4 ,haug tells u t ! foll[+ are /rictly d5\nc$ by its code3 ,murd]1 infanticide1 poison+1 adult]y on ! "p ( m5 z well z ( wom51 sorc]y1 sodomy1 *eat+ 9 weight & measure1 brea* ( promise1 reg>dless ( to :om made1 deception ( any k9d1 false cov5ants1 sl&] & calumny1 p]jury1 di%one/ appropriation ( weal?1 tak+ bribes1 keep+ back ! wages ( labor]s1 misappropriation ( religi\s prop]ty1 removal ( a b\nd>y /one1 turn+ p out ( _! prop]ty1 maladm9i/ration & defraud+1 apo/asy1 h]esy1 & rebellion4 ,besides ^!1 !re are a numb] ( special precepts relat+ to ! en=cem5t ( sanit>y regulations1 k9dness to animals1 hospitality to /rang]s1 respect to sup]iors1 & help to ! poor & ne$y4 ,! foll[+ are especially condemn$--ab&on+ ! husb&1 n ackn[l$g+ ! *ildr5 on ! "p ( ! fa!r1 cruelty t[>d subjects on ! "p ( a rul]1 av>ice1 laz9ess1 illib]ality1 egotism1 & envy4 ,"h we f9d a sy/em ( religion ^: pr$om9at+ symbolism 0 ! wor%ip ( fire z ! ne>e/ human concept ( ,ahura1 & well x might be1 = ^? primitive p :o _h s sacr$ly to *]i% x4 ,9 ! ,greek my?ology1 ,prome!us 0 inconceivably tortur$ = fil*+ f heav5 ! div9e fire & c>ry+ x to mortals4 ,b accord+ to ! ,zoroa/rian philosophy1 ,ahura has plac$ all good )9 ! rea* ( man1 & x is = him to *oose :e!r he w avail himself ( ?is or become a slave ( ,ahriman4 ,x seems /range t f ,bactria1 ei!r f ! old ,mazdaism or ?r\gh ,zoroa/]1 ! _w %\ld h conceiv$ its only mono!i/ic conception reasonably free f an?ropomorphism1 & ^: associat$ code ( e?ics 0 s reasonable1 firm & pure4 ,!re is 9 ,zoroa/rianism no ?\ght ( dogmatic bigotry any m ?an !re is 9 anci5t ,buddhism1 & its philosophy ( primitive pol>ity well corresponds ) :at mod]n sci5ce has taught u )9 ! la/ five decades4 ,bo? ( ^! sy/ems are m$itative r ?an militant1 &1 consequ5tly1 h n ex]cis$ ! influ5ce ov] ! de/9y ( ! human race :i* ,judaism has4 ,9 ! consid]ation ( ! ,jewi% religion & its desc5dants1 ,*ri/ianity & ,mohamm$anism1 we are face to face ) ! mo/ w>like & combative mono!ism :i* hi/ory has record$4 ,9 ! e>li] =m1 & z 9 ! ,hebrew wor%ip ( to-day1 ,jehovah %>es 8 au?ority ) no "o--9 ! ,*ri/ian sy/em1 ,god & ,*ri/ are equally p[]ful1 :ile ) ,islam x w\ld seem t ,mahomet _h slightly ! balance ( p[]1 not)/&+ ! (t-repeat$ decl>ation t !re is no ,god b ,allah4 ,"h we h ! idea ( a *os5 p ( ,god c>ri$ to its logical conclusion2 ! jeal\sy ( ,jehovah be+ 9 no wise an effici5t op]ative cause = ! t]rible but*]ies ( m51 wom51 & *ildr51 su* z we h describ$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 z hav+ befall5 ! enemies ( ! ,hebrews :5 !y 7 victori\s4 ,?is wild & fanatical wor%ip ( a suspici\s & rev5geful ,god1 al?\gh x call$ = ! wag+ ( c\ntless w>s ^u 8 suppos$ ord]s1 & ev5 = ! immolation ^u ! sacrificial alt> ( "o's own *ildr52 yet x did n promise1 until ! rise ( ! ,ph>isees into pot5t influ5ce2 ! pleasure ( a p]sonal immortality = 8 foll[]s1 or ! puni%m5t by endless torture = 8 non-adh]5ts4 ,! effect ( ! selfi% idea ( ,god-own]%ip we see inh]it$ by ,*ri/ianity ) ! anci5t h]$ity qualification *ang$ to "o ( fai?4 ,!re c be no "q t ! hi/orical ,*ri/ 01 p]haps1 next to ,buddha1 ! greate/ religi\s re=m] :om ! _w has kn[n1 if we accept z a crit]ion ! numb] ( individuals affect$1 & ! nature ( _! "w4 ,z ! enunciator ( a sy/em ( e?ics1 x is impossible to see h[ ! ,jew c\ld be reg>d$ z ! equal ( ! ,indian2 al?\gh no e/imate ( ,*ri/ c be consi/5tly =m$ f ! ,/4 ,james v]sion ( ! ,bible1 ow+ to ! _m & important int]polations ( rec5t *ur* en?usia/s4 ,! plan ( vic>i\s atonem5t is "o ( ! mo/ immoral doctr9es ( :i* ! _w has a record1 & ! contempt = woman :i* ! ,hebrew %[s is n equall$ by ,buddha1 al?\gh he1 too1 0 fill$ ) t ea/]n asceticism :i* look$ ) disda9 ^u int]sexual affection4 ,! n>r[ness & bigotry :i* c reg>d an omnipres5t & omnisci5t deity z work+ = ! b5efit ( b a few foll[]s z aga9/ ! great proportion ( human be+s :o h pass$ ?r\gh an e>?ly exi/5ce entirely 9 ignorance ( ,him1 & :o1 on acc\nt ( ?is1 h to suff] et]nal torture1 has be5 responsible = no less ?an t5 million murd]s 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/ alone1 to say no?+ ( ! numb]less victims ( w> & fam9e :o h p]i%$ z a result ( ! insatiable ?ir/ ( ,jehovah1 ,*ri/1 & ,mahomet = m influ5ce 9 t]re/rial affairs & an augm5tation ( adh]5ts4 ,! code ( e?ics prescrib$ by ! ,jewi% rgime 0 good--f> 9 advance ( t ( ! great] portion ( _! neighbors4 ,b ,egypt & ,*aldea bo? play$ a v important "p 9 ?is matt]1 z we mu/ rememb] t ,hebrew *ronology only places ! creation "s f\r ?\s& ye>s ago1 & we n[ "k t at lea/ ?ree & p]haps five ?\s& ye>s previ\s to ! possession ( ! ,g>d5 ( ,ed5 by ,adam & ,eve1 ! ,valley ( ! ,nile 0 teem+ ) a well-develop$ civilization4 ,*ri/ianity 9 ! ,egyptian ,city ( ! ,greeks1 ?r\gh ,philo1 became deeply imbu$ ) ! _s ( ,zoroa/]1 & ! aid ?us d]iv$ has be5 ( incalculable value to x4 ,! religion ( ,islam rema9s mu* z ,mahomet left x1 & x has be51 & n[ is1 well suit$ = mu* ( ! t]ritory ov] :i* x has dom9ion4 ,:ile its code ( e?ics is reasonably high1 its conceptions are usually grossly s5sual1 &1 un=tunately1 s9ce %ortly aft] ! dea? ( its f\nd]1 ! in/itution ( ! *ur* & ! political organization ( ! v>i\s c\ntries :]e x prevails1 h bo? be5 "u ! same head1 & are bo?1 consequ5tly1 full ( corruption4 ,be=e tak+ up ! possibility ( a religi\s conception bas$ ^u ! be/ k we h1 !re is an int]e/+ po9t to be consid]$4 ,betwe5 ! two dates ( #fej ,b4 ,c41 & #fej ,a4 ,d41 we h ! "w ( ,buddha1 ,confucius1 ,m5cius1 ,*ri/1 ,philo1 & ,mahomet1 z well z a score ( less] lights2 9 fact1 all ! great religi\s re=m]s :o h be5 in/rum5tal 9 %ap+ ! beliefs ( ! majority ( mank9d s9ce _! "t4 ,&1 /rang] /ill1 t s9ce ,mahomet1 ! _w has se5 no re=m] :o c\ld wre/ a foll[+ ( any note f ! e/abli%$ religions1 al?\gh n[1 ) mod]n facilities = publication1 x w\ld seem to be a mu* easi] task ?an =m]ly4 ,& s x w\ld be1 7 x n = ! dissem9ation ( k1 & ! influ5ce ( ! sci5tific sy/em :i* has come ab\t dur+ ! la/ c5tury1 s t n[ !re is n t fanaticism preval5t conc]n+ religi\s matt]s :i* 0 s rife at almo/ all /ages ( ! _w's hi/ory until rec5tly4 ,m & m are p beg9n+ to realize ! tru? :i* ,pope s well express$ 9 8 ,alex&r9e3 ,= modes ( fai?1 let graceless zealots fight1 ,8 c't be wrong1 ^: life is 9 ! "r4 ,ab\t #ahej ,a4 ,d41 !re began to be felt among sci5tific m5 a possibility t p]haps all ( ! natural ph5om5a ( :i* we h k are s int]-relat$ t all ( our obs]vations are b diff]5t views ( a few fundam5tal prim>y laws4 ,^! s-call$ laws or /atem5ts ( facts 9 _! natural ord] ( sequ5ce 7 always1 & "u all conditions1 op]ative 9 natural affairs1 _h be5 q ?or\ghly und]/ood s9ce ,humboldt's "t4 ,b x rema9$ = ,h]b]t ,sp5c] 9 ,engl&1 & ,erne/ ,haeckel 9 ,g]many1 to correlate ! va/ quantity ( facts ga9$ f exp]im5t & obs]vation along ! v>i\s l9es ( sci5tific rese>*4 ,p>ticul>ly has ! latt] be5 a mo/ pot5t factor 9 =mulat+ ! new & necess>ily pr$om9at+ !ology ( ! future--a sy/em ( belief :i* is 9 accordance ) ev]y?+ :i* ! individual kn[s1 & :i* is always ready to accept a new fact ^u demon/ration1 al?\gh its reception may revolutionize ev5 its fundam5tal concepts4 ,?is doctr9e1 :i* has be5 mo/ aptly t]m$ monism1 /&s squ>ely ^u its basis ( empirical inve/igation ( facts1 & ! rational /udy ( _! effici5t causes4 ,9 place ( wor%ip+ ! tr9ities ( ! old sup]/itions1 x holds = rev]5ce ! good1 ! true1 & ! beautiful :]ev] f\nd1 & 9 anti!sis to ! sacr$ness ( ,sabba? & ! *ur*1 x holds t = ! contemplation ( ! objects ( its tr9ity1 all seasons to be summ] & all climates ,june4 ,:ile d5y+ ! exi/5ce ( a ,god outside ( ,nature1 ! fre$om ( ! human w & ! possibility ( an immortality = ! individual human s\l1 z usually und]/ood1 x does insi/ ^u ! sequ5ce ( effect ^u cause1 & %[s t "h1 9 ?is e>?ly exi/5ce1 we are =c$ to be virtu\s if we w\ld be happy1 & t al?\gh we are n completely ma/]s ( our fates1 yet x fundam5tally lies ) u1 9 ! va/ majority ( cases1 to s conduct our lives t ei!r mis]y or happ9ess w result !refrom4 ,moni/ic e?ics diff] f ^? ( any religi\s sy/em1 f ! fact t ! good ( all is select$ & dige/$ into a code :i* looks t[>d ! greate/ good to ! greate/ numb]4 ,9 do+ ?is1 individual ef=t is laud$ & n proscrib$1 & altruism & egotism are develop$ ) equal emphasis4 ,! pleasures ( ?is life are n =feit$ to ga9 delectation 9 ano!r1 nor is ! illitative s5se consid]$ a safe guide = conduct4 ,woman is n look$ ^u z fundam5tally unclean1 nor is %e d5i$ any "r or any privilege :i* man enjoys4 ,! righte\sness ( int]sexual love & association is ma9ta9$1 :5 9 op]ation )9 a prop] con/ra9t1 & ! family is n only ! social & political unit1 b ! religi\s z well4 ,love is held to be m pot5t ?an hate1 & ju/ice m b5eficial ?an *>ity4 ,!re is no su* ?+ z ei!r ! =giv5ess or remission ( s9s--! responsibility ( our actions is ours1 & ours alone1 & c be assum$ by no o!r4 ,! result is ! same :e!r our acts come ?r\gh ignorance or int5tion--x is = ! individual to "k be=e do+4 ,9 ! =ego+1 a v brief outl9e ( ! progress :i* humanity has made 9 hi/oric times 9 religion & e?ics has be5 attempt$1 &1 if an int]e/ has be5 ar\s$ 9 ?is subject1 its purpose w h be5 fulfill$4 ,no matt] :at cre$ we hold1 we _c af=d to be bigot$1 z simple inve/igation w %[ t 9 _m ways we are b little 9 advance ( our prog5itors ( sev5 ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,only 9 ! matt] t we h a sci5tific basis to "w ^u1 & a va/ accumulation ( obs]v$ facts1 h we any reason = pride4 ,& ?is has be5 ga9$1 at almo/ all times1 aga9/ e ob/acle :i* ! *ur*1 z e/abli%$ at ! mom5t1 c\ld br+ into pot5cy4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,love ,)\t d\bt1 ! greate/ s\rce ( happ9ess1 z kn[n to human be+s1 is love4 ,scott voic$ ! s5tim5t ( all rational & normal p]sons :5 he said3 ,love rules ! c\rt1 ! camp1 ! grove1 ,& m5 bel[ & sa9ts above1 ,= love is ,heav51 & ,heav5 is love4 ,x is ow+ to ! fact t we _c enjoy any?+ to ! fulle/ ext5t alone1 s9ce our nature is s con/itut$ t we mu/ h company 9 our pleasures1 t fri5ds are indisp5sable4 ,cic]o realiz$ ?is ov] two ?\s& ye>s ago :5 he said t1 ,! fruit ( tal5t1 & wor?1 & e excell5ce1 is ga!r$ mo/ fully :5 x is be/[$ ^u e "o mo/ ne>ly connect$ ) u4 ,appreciat+ ?is1 nature has giv5 u ! love & fri5d%ip ( p>5ts 9 our *ildhood2 ( ! companions ( our y\? z we gr[ old]2 ( our life-p>tn] at a lat] p]iod1 & la/1 ! love ( our *ildr5 & gr&*ildr51 s t1 by an int]e/ 9 _! lives1 we may become ourselves rejuv5at$4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 ev]y?+ else ( a physical or m5tal "*1 we />t at ! bottom1 &1 by a cresc5do movem5t1 rea* ! acme ( ! condition :i* ) age dim9i%es1 b 9 ?is in/ance ! quality does n det]iorate4 ,our likelihood ( =m+ acqua9tances & fri5ds 9 lat] ye>s is v mu* less ?an 9 y\?1 &1 c]ta9ly1 ) our habits & idiosyncrasies e/abli%$1 z !y are aft] middle age1 ! possibility ( =m+ intimate fri5d%ips is v mu* decreas$4 ,9 *ildhood & y\?1 we are m imag9ative & less practical1 &1 consequ5tly1 our incl9ations 9 ! l9e ( fri5d%ips w be m natural & less influ5c$ by consid]ations ali5 to fri5d%ip itself4 ,no?+ c be m true ?an ! axiom ( ,cic]o1 ,fri5d%ip does n foll[ ^u advantage1 b advantage ^u fri5d%ip4 ,cle>ly demon/rat$ z ?is is1 b few p seem to realize x4 ,= ! fundam5tal tru? at ! bottom ( ?is matt] is1 z he fur!r /ates1 ! basis ( t /eadfa/ness & con/ancy :i* we seek 9 fri5d%ip is s9c]ity4 ,= no?+ is endur+ :i* is ins9c]e4 ,( all virtues1 s9c]ity is ! greate/1 yet1 broadly speak+1 h[ extremely r>e6 ,!re is almo/ no tr\ble & pa9s :i* p w n take to make ! _w ?9k t !y are some?+ o!r ?an !y really are1 :5 b a fraction ( ! co/ might make !m :at !y are try+ to seem to be4 ,! reciprocal relation ( fri5d%ip dem&s s9c]ity1 j 9 proportion z x becomes intimate1 & ?is applies to all fri5d%ips1 ( :atsoev] "*4 ,! love ( *ildr5 is p]haps ! greate/ ( all affections 9 ! aggregate1 because exp]i5ce has n taught !m to d\bt & impugn ! motives ( o!rs1 s9ce ev]y?+ to !m is j :at x sup]ficially appe>s to be4 ,our mo/ viol5t he>ta*es come ?r\gh dissimulation t[>d o!rs1 & no?+ t5ds to make s call\s & blunt our f9] s5sibilities z ?is4 ,b j 9 proportion z we are s9c]e1 mu/ we be c>eful z to :o ar\ses an int]e/ ( m ?an pass+ mom5t )9 u1 z aft] affection is once />t$ & nurtur$ into luxuriance1 x is n )9 our p[] to control x4 ,:ile love1 :5 reciprocat$1 c af=d an ec/asy & happ9ess1 o!rwise unkn[n1 x c1 also1 :5 n return$ by ! object ( our affection1 become ! mo/ pot5t cause ( sup]lative pa9 & angui%4 ,! expression ( ?is tru? by ! greate/ ( all ,engli% poets1 w\ld1 9 itself1 make 8 "n =ev] immortal _h he nev] writt5 ano!r l9e1 & con/itutes n only ! s\nde/ philosophy1 b ! mo/ sublime ( all s5tim5ts evolv$ f ! human m9d3 ,love is n love ,t alt]s :5 x alt]ation f9ds1 ,or b5ds ) ! remov] to remove4 ,oh no6 ,x is an ev]-fix$ m>k ,t looks on tempe/s1 & is nev] %ak52 ,x is ! /> to e w&]+ b>k ,^: wor?'s unkn[n1 al?o' 8 height is tak54 ,love's n ,"t's fool2 ?\gh rosy lips & *eeks ,)9 8 b5d+ sickle's compass come4 ,love alt]s n ) 8 brief h\rs & weeks1 ,b be>s x out e'en to ! edge ( doom4 ,if all ! race ?or\ghly und]/ood ! tru? ( ^! words1 h[ mu* m happ9ess !re w\ld be 9 ! _w6 ,x is our trifl+ ) our affections1 or ! reckless mann] 9 :i* we be/[ !m ^u o!rs1 :i* causes u our deepe/ sorr[s4 ,9 *ildhood1 ) ord9>ily k9d p>5ts1 we h su* exp]i5ces z af=d u pleasant memories ?r\gh\t life1 simply because we liv$ 9 accordance ) nature's law1 :i* %e makes easy = u at ?is age to foll[1 :5 we h no exp]i5ce or reason by :i* we may be guid$2 b z we gr[ old]1 we =m ^? habits ( dissimulation :i* lead u into all sorts ( tr\ble2 simply because we c d c]ta9 ?+s )\t our fri5ds & acqua9tances becom+ cognizant ( our actions1 we are fooli% en\gh to ?9k t no h>m c be done4 ,if we w\ld use our intellig5ce at all1 we w\ld see at once1 t :ile x may be possible to deceive o!rs 9 ! matt] ( our ?\ghts & actions1 we _c delude ourselves4 ,we w\ld also realize t our actions & our ?\ghts are effici5t causes 9 ! mak+ ( our own *>act]s4 ,we w\ld fur!r see t 9 ord] to get any real enjoym5t out ( a fri5d%ip1 ( ev5 ! mo/ ,platonic k9d1 we mu/ be able to play our "p s9c]ely2 9 o!r words1 we mu/ be all t we attempt to make our fri5ds ?9k we are4 ,! old prov]b :i* tells u t we %\ld g c\rt+ 9 our old clo!s1 is true 9 ! l>ge/ s5se 9 :i* we c apply x4 ,:5 we consid] h[ mu* we are dep5d5t ^u our aft]-affections & _! outcome = our happ9ess1 we see t ,col]idge resort$ to no hyp]bole :5 he wrote3 ,all ?\ghts1 all passions1 all delights1 ,:atev] /irs ?is mortal frame1 ,are b ! m9i/]s ( ,love ,& fe$ 8 sacr$ flame4 ,nor did he ov]e/imate ! be>+ :i* ea* & e act ( our life has ^u our ability to ei!r love or to be lov$1 s9ce x is only :5 we are capable ( return+ affection z pure & unsulli$ z is giv5 u1 t we a*ieve ! acme ( delight4 ,x is on acc\nt ( ! necessity ( ! possession ( ^! qualities :i* we h f\nd to con/itute ! only possible basis = really la/+ love1 t we are s mu* int]e/$ 9 ^? ( great affection4 ,em]son truly said t all mank9d loves a lov]1 & equally valid is 8 obs]vation t ,love is n = levity1 b = ! total wor? ( man4 ,x is ! affection ( any human be+ :i* con/itutes 8 life & 8 fri5d%ips1 bo? z liv+ & :5 com+ into 8 companion%ip1 & :5 dead1 z =m+ ! memories ^u :i* ! imag9ation w fondly dwell1 & t br+ into 8 life :atev] real satisfaction he may h4 ,z a means ( /hetic developm5t1 no?+ is ( high] value ?an ! affections1 &1 z a /imulant = action along ?is l9e1 !y are )\t an equal4 ,we h only to rememb] ! /ory ( ,damon & ,py?ias1 to see t ! anci5ts fully realiz$ ! p[] ( affection2 or to read :at ,plato puts into ! m\? ( ,pho$rus1 :5 he has him say1 ,love w make m5 d>e to die = _! belov$1 & wom5 z well z m54 ,:at we h not$1 h]et(ore1 ref]s to all affections4 ,n[ we come to ! culm9ation ( all affairs ( fri5d%ip1--t relation%ip :i* is kn[n z m>riage4 ,^u ! imm5sity ( ! importance ( ?is c]emony h almo/ all ( ! religi\s ideas ( man be5 built1 & 9 _m cases1 if n 9 all1 to ! utt] pr(anation ( ! ?+ itself4 ,9 ! old tribal civilization :i* prevail$1 ! idea ( m>riage 0 ill-def9$1 & x 0 only z ! desire = ! own]%ip ( *ildr5 grew t moral ideas 9 ?is relation became at all def9ite4 ,! fact t m5 wi%$ to leave to _! *ildr5 prop]ty & *attels1 :i* !y might n h ! opportunity ( dispos+ ( satisfactorily be=e _! dea?1 br\ght ab\t a desire = m>riage ^u ! monogam\s & mon&r\s basis2 & ! fact t man 0 ! own] ( ! prop]ty1 & t ! wife1 until rec5tly1 _h no inh]5t "r !re91 made ! matt] ( ! own]%ip ( ! *ildr5 ( primal importance1 s t ! wi%es ( ! fa!r 9 reg>d to ! inh]itance might be fulfill$4 ,x 0 on acc\nt ( ! supremacy ( man 9 8 own home t ! family became ! unit ^u :i* ! ,/ate is built1 j z ! male individual 0 ! unit ^u :i* ! family 0 built1 & citiz5%ip 0 prim>ily evolv$ & applicable only to ! male portion ( ! population1 inasmu* z !y 7 necess>y to ! ,/ate bo? z tax-pay]s & z w>riors4 ,?is idea ( ! own]%ip ( *ildr5 en=c$ ^u woman ! moral code "u :i* %e lives 9 ,occid5tal c\ntries to-day2 &1 at ! same "t1 & = ! reasons above /at$1 kept man immune f x4 ,! significance atta*$ to ! sexual desire 9 ?is relation%ip is & has be5 greatly ov]e/imat$1 to ! greate/ disadvantage ( mank9d at l>ge4 ,! mo/ di/+ui%+ feature ab\t connubial affection z comp>$ ) ,platonic fri5d%ip1 is t 9 matrimony !re is ! add$ unification ( ! p>ties !reto1 ow+ to ! community ( int]e/ betwe5 !m4 ,_! individualities are m]g$ into "o ano!r2 _! developm5t mu/ be along simil> or p>allel l9es4 ,ri*t] has giv5 u a good acc\nt ( :at a man %\ld select 9 ! "* ( 8 wife to :om he may be able to give read+s conc]n+ ! m ess5tial pr9ciples ( psy*ology & a/ronomy )\t h] br++ up ! subject ( 8 /ock+s 9 ! middle ( 8 l(tie/ & fulle/ flights ( en?usiasm2 yet he w be well cont5t %\ld "o possess$ ( mod]ate excell5cies fall to 8 lot--"o :o %all be capable ( accompany+ him1 side by side1 9 8 flights s f> z !y ext5d--^: eyes & he>t may be able to take 9 ! bloom+ e>? & ! %9+ heav5s1 9 great1 gr& masses at a "t1 & n 9 m]e inf9itesimal p>ticles2 "o = :om ?is univ]se may be some?+ high] ?an a nurs]y or ball-room1 & "o :o1 ) feel+s delicate & t5d]1 bo? pi\s & wide1 w be cont9ually mak+ h] husb& bett] & holi]4 ,s9ce ! "t ( ,jean ,paul ,ri*t]1 woman has be5 all[$ educational advantages m ne>ly equal to ^? ( h] bro!rs ?an h]et(ore2 &1 z a consequ5ce1 9 _m in/ances & q (t51 d we f9d ! lady n only ! bett] b ! l>g] half ( ! home1 intellectually4 ,z ,ge(frey ,mortim] has well %[n1 love among cultur$ p is l>gely dep5d5t ^u ! imag9ation4 ,9 savages & 9 ! human race1 prim>ily1 :5 at ?is p]iod ( _! exi/5ce1 x took ! =m ( h$onism1 or ev5 ! m gross sex-wor%ip1 & x 0 n until mank9d 0 remov$ f> f ! brute t 8 imag9ation develop$1 & 8 m9d 0 capable ( ab/ract ?\ght1 t 8 /hetic nature began to develop4 ,z 8 intellect became m pr(\nd1 & 8 m5tal range wid]1 8 p[] ( ab/ract ?9k+ 0 accord+ly augm5t$1 until to-day1 ) ! av]age human be+1 love is only1 9 a re/rict$ s5se1 dep5d5t ^u physical gratification4 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] has giv5 a v sure te/ ( love1 bas$ ^u its dep5d5ce ^u ! imag9ative faculty4 ,accord+ to him1 :5 we are abs5t f ! "o we love1 ! m5tal picture :i* we =m ( h]1 & ! attributes :i* we at t "t give h]1 are all f\nd 9 h] :5 9 h] actual pres5ce4 ,!n1 we are really 9 love ) ! p]son ^: faults we _c see4 ,! tru? ( ! old adage1 ,abs5ce makes ! he>t gr[ fond]1 /ill fur!r %[s ! "p :i* ! imag9ation plays 9 love4 ,!re is no human be+ :o has be5 s =tunate z to m>ry ! fir/ object ^u :i* 8 affections settl$1 provid+1 ( c\rse1 t 8 previ\s life has be5 sp5t s t he c ent] into ?is relation%ip equitably1 :o did n f9d t if 8 love 0 reciprocat$1 life possess$ a transc5d5t *>m :i* words _c express4 ,su* an affection is necess>ily bas$ ^u a mo/ pr(\nd respect1 & c only cont9ue :5 ?is def]5tial reg>d exi/s4 ,:ile feel+ a security 9 its s5se ( own]%ip ( ! "o lov$1 yet x asks & dem&s no?+1 & c only bud1 blossom1 & rip5 into its fullness 9 ! atmosph]e ( k9dness & absolute lib]ty4 ,:ile s5sual gratification1 9 ! e>li] /ages1 has be5 ! means ( nature 9 p]petuat+ ! species1 x is also ! mo/ p[]ful factor 9 ! evolution ( t community ( int]e/ :i* is ! v s\l ( ?is atta*m5t4 ,! inf9ite numb] ( little incid5ts :i* are nev] to be =gott5 by any real lov]1 are all ( a purely physical nature1 b1 9 ! aggregate1 !y =m ! nucleus ( t amazem5t ( love & fri5d%ip & intimacy :i* is l ! melodi\s h>mony ( ! sweete/ s\nds1 :i* lead u into an ec/asy 9 e way sup]s5sual4 ,x is 9 ! realization ( su* delight t ,gay rem>ks1 ,n to "k love1 is n to live4 ,we c be/ und]/& ! real pot5cy ( s5sual gratification 9 love1 if we consid] t ^? mom5ts :i* are ! subject ( our mo/ pleasant memories1 are n ^? 9 :i* our desires 7 gratifi$1 b ^? 9 :i* we ourselves practic$ ! mo/ ascetic self-d5ial4 ,well has ,s*legel express$ ?is s5tim5t :5 he says1 9 8 essay ^u ! ,limits ( ! ,beautiful3--,^? :o yield _! s\ls captive to ! brief intoxication ( 7s5sual7 love1 if no high] & holi] feel+ m+le ) & consecrate _! dreams ( bliss1 w %r9k trembl+ly f ! pangs :i* att5d _! awak5+4 ,b nature has "h s arrang$ h] c\rse1 t aft] m>riage1 our *ildr5's1 or1 9 _! abs5ce1 our lov]s' affairs1 become a "p & p>cel ( our lives1 & ?us1 :at began z selfi% int]e/1 f ! pleasure :i* we obta9 f ! pres5ce ( our lov$ "o1 is transmut$ into altruism ( ! highe/ type4 ,to ^? :o love1 !re is no?+ ( ! _s ( boa/+ 9 ! words ( ,val5t9e1 :5 he says3 ,%e is m9e own1 ,& ,i z ri* 9 hav+ su* a jewel ,z tw5ty seas1 if all _! s&s 7 pe>ls1 ,! wat] nect>1 & ! rocks pure gold2 b r ( a pi\s appreciation ( ! be+ :o has br\ght him su* great happ9ess4 ,!re is some?+ unacc\ntable ab\t ?is passion call$ love1 & anyone :o has exp]i5c$ x does n wond] at ! words ( ,madame de ,/ael1 ,love is ! emblem ( et]nity2 x conf\nds all notions ( "t1 effaces all memory ( a beg9n+1 all fe> ( an end4 ,9 speak+ ( ! happ9ess :i* is to be atta9$ by means ( love1 we %\ld n fail to note ! fact t 9 ord] to secure ! mo/ enjoym5t f x1 we mu/ be able to satisfy ! conditions = :i* su* a close & reciprocal relation%ip calls4 ,x is "h t ! philosophy ( liv+1 bas$ ^u self-int]e/1 is by f> ! safe/ guide ( conduct kn[n1 s9ce once ! fact t we mu/ be able to give to ! ones :om we love all t we ask ( !m is in/ill$ 9 our m9ds1 we w h a mo/ p[]ful /imulant to virtu\s liv+4 ,& 9 ?is matt]1 !re is no *ance = misund]/&+4 ,if we w\ld get all ! happ9ess out ( love1 we mu/ g into x accord+ to ! old injunction giv5 to cli5ts :o 7 bo? ab\t to try _! case be=e a c\rt 9 equity3 ,y mu/ ent] ) clean h&s4 ,x is /range1 t ev5 9 ! affairs ( a ,platonic fri5d%ip1 a citiz5 ( morally rott5 ,rome at ! "t ( ! decad5ce ( ! consulate1 %\ld realize t ,no?+ is m amiable ?an virtue2 no?+ :i* m /rongly allures u to love x1 & yet1 two ?\s& ye>s lat]1 s few p are practic+ ?is tru?1 & _m1 :o1 9 _! ignorance1 w utt]ly d5y x4 ,?is has l>gely come ab\t f ! fact t1 9 times pa/1 man has be5 able to mold ! op9ions ( 8 si/]s1 &1 consequ5tly1 virtue 0 n dem&$ f him4 ,b if we w tea* our *ildr5 t x is ess5tial to _! happ9ess t !y %\ld be virtu\s1 s t !y may ent] into an affair d'am\r ) equity1 & obta9 f x ! happ9ess :i* x only c br+1 we w\ld sweep f _! pa?s1 ) "o /roke1 ! temptations ( lic5ti\sness :i* are to-day prov+ to be ! ru9 ( ! majority ( ! "y m5 ( ?is c\ntry4 ,we %\ld tea* our boys t !y mu/ be able to give to _! wives a m9d & body z unpollut$ by debau*]y z !y expect & insi/ ^u receiv+1 & t unless !y are able to d ?is1 ! pleasures ( love1 z x affects ! m>riage relation%ip1 are =ev] beyond _! p[] to exp]i5ce4 ,we %\ld tea* our girls t !y %\ld dem&1 f ! man :o asks = _! h&1 z clean & z spotless a pa/ z !y are able to give him1 & t1 unless !y insi/ ^u ?is1 matrimony w n turn out to be ! gr&1 sweet song :i* !y h be5 told ab\t1 b w be m l an arm$ truce4 ,connubial love is ( su* a nature t x w n f9d happ9ess 9 ! contemplation ( ! possibility ( a rival1 & ( all ( ! exact+ passions ) :i* humanity has to deal1 und\bt$ly ?is ( love is ! /ronge/4 ,! old say+ t famili>ity bre$s contempt1 is bas$ ^u ?is fact--t unless we are able to ma9ta91 9 ! "o we love1 ! e/eem = u1 :i* "u a small] k ( our individuality1 we h excit$1 ! s5tim5t ( attraction soon turns to "o ( repulsion ev5 m pot5t ?an its opposite1 & ev5 z great a s\rce ( mis]y z is ! repulsion ( hatr$2 n ev5 be+ second>y :5 comp>$ ) jeal\sy1 :i* mocks ! meat x fe$s ^u4 ,:at possibility ( happ9ess is !re 9 m>riage :]e !re is con/antly runn+ ?r\gh ! m9d a comp>ison ( ! p>tn] :i* y h1 & a possibility ( :at y h giv5 up8 ,h[ mu* happ9ess is possible :5 y are always comp>+ y\rself ) "s rival1 & wond]+ :at y\r lov] sees 9 him :i* y d n possess8 ,x is ! /ronge/ argum5t 9 favor ( monogamy & mon&ry1 t only "u ?is condition c ! m>riage relation%ip be equitably fulfill$1 ev5 m pot5t ?an ! necessity ( p>5tal guidance 9 direct+ ! developm5t ( ! gr[+ m9d4 ,man is1 by nature1 socially incl9$1 & x is only 9 ! society ( 8 fell[-m5 t he really matures intellectually & morally4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( love1 9 ! mo/ intimate association ) a limit$ numb] ( o!rs1 pref]ably ( 8 own k91 :o w reprove 8 faults g5tly & reasonably laud 8 c\rage & a*ievem5ts--he f9ds ! p]fect elem5t = inspiration & developm5t4 ,holmes has express$ ?is s5tim5t beautifully 9 8 l9es3 ,s(t z ! brea? ( a maid5's 'yes'2 ,n ! light gossam] /irs ) less2 ,b nev] a cable holds s fa/ ,?r\gh all ! battles ( wave & bla/4 ,! en?usiasm :i* comes f ! /ruggle ( ma9ta9+ a home = y\r lov$ ones1 :]e privacy & com=t may be f\nd2 a retreat f ! c>es & trifl+ annoyances ( ! "w-a-day _w1 makes ! place ( abode a %r9e :]e all ( our int]e/s are c5t]$4 ,mo/ truly has ,longfell[ said3 ,ea* man's *imney is 8 gold5 mile/one2 ,is ! c5tral po9t f :i* he measures ,e di/ance1 ?r\gh ! gateways ( ! _w ar\nd him4 ,)\t hav+ exp]i5c$ a real & g5u9e affection1 no man c realize ! highe/ possibility4 ,edw9 ,m>kham has mo/ truly said t ! love adv5ture is ! episode ( e human life1 &1 )\t x1 no exi/5ce is complete4 ,!re is no o!r e>?ly possession ) :i* x c be comp>$2 consequ5tly1 we _c be too c>eful 9 see+ t our lives con=m to ! necess>y dem&s ( ! nature ( ?is passion4 ,! effect ( love ^u human e?ics _c be d\bt$4 ,! f9e/ faculty :i* we h is t by means ( :i* we are able to judge "r f wrong1 & is :at we call consci5ce4 ,) ?is tru? 9 m9d1 we h only to rememb] a portion ( an incomplete sonnet ( ,%akespe>e's1 say+1 ,consci5ce is born ( love4 ,9 ?is obs]vation1 z 9 _m ( 8 o!rs1 ! b>d ( ,avon has rea*$ ! he>t ( ! matt] at once4 ,)\t love1 we w\ld h1 & c\ld h1 no consci5ce1 z we are only consid]ate ( o!rs :5 we h mu* at /ake ourselves1 & wi% ?is consid]ation = reciprocal reasons4 ,_h we no affection1 we w\ld h b little inc5tive to moral discrim9ation4 ,9 ?is s5se1 z well z = its happy memories1 ,x is bett] to h lov$ & lo/ ,?an nev] to h lov$ at all4 ,9 consid]+ ! advantages ( real love1 x is also important t ! disadvantages ( its c\nt]feits %\ld be made cle>4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 _m ( ! not$ tea*]s dur+ ! la/ decade h call$ att5tion to ! frightful r$uction 9 our m>riage & bir? rates2 & ?is1 not)/&+ ! fact t we feel t we are progress+ upw>d 9 ! scale ( civilization4 ,n[1 :ile _m ( our political economi/s believe t ! increas$ co/ ( liv+ has be5 l>gely responsible = ?is1 x seems t we %\ld n1 h[ev]1 atta* too great importance to ! claim4 ,!re has be5 a gr[+ ( ! moral s5se among wom5 ( ! ,we/]n nations1 & p>ticul>ly 9 ,am]ica1 dur+ ! la/ few ye>s1 :i* has trem5d\sly influ5c$ ! f\ndations ( our civilization4 ,! ,wom5's ,*ri/ian ,temp]ance movem5t1 "u ! guid+ h& ( ,miss ,will>d1 n only advocat$ ! prohibition ( ! sale ( alcoholic /imulants1 b also became a trem5d\s p[] 9 ! social purity crusade1 :i* began to sweep ov] ?is c\ntry "s tw5ty-five ye>s ago4 ,! agitation1 :i* result$ f ?is re=m movem5t1 develop$ facts :i* 7 previ\sly unkn[n to ! g5]al public1 & 9 e way caus$ p to beg9 to ?9k ab\t subjects :i* _h previ\sly nev] be5 br\ght to _! att5tion 9 a specific way4 ,:5 ! /ati/ics 7 publi%$ t1 9 ?is c\ntry ( eighty million p1 we 7 hav+ "o divorce = e twelve m>riages1 & t e ye> %[$ a decrease 9 ! m>riage & bir? rate1 ?9k+ p ( all classes began to seek to f9d ! cause = su* facts4 ,x w\ld seem t "o ( ! primal causes = ! decrease 9 ! m>riage rate is ! ease ) :i* vice has be5 all[$ to become organiz$ 9 ?is c\ntry into a regul> sy/em1 :i* is conduct$ ^u a basis ( cold-blood$ bus9ess calculation4 ,! fact t we h betwe5 six hundr$ ?\s& & ?ree-qu>t]s ( a million ( pro/itutes 9 ,am]ica1 & t ?is class ( p is be+ recruit$ at ! rate ( ov] fifte5 ?\s& p] annum f =eign c\ntries & ab\t sev5ty-five ?\s& p] annum f our own c\ntry1 is c]ta9ly highly significant4 ,fur!rmore1 ! fact t probably ?ree-qu>t]s ( ! wom5 9 ,am]ica :o m>ry are =c$ to und]go major op]ations )9 ! fir/ five ye>s ( _! m>ri$ life1 on acc\nt ( ! moral del9qu5cy ( _! husb&s1 has c]ta9ly n giv5 any impetus to m>riage 9 our own c\ntry4 ,we h also to rememb] t ov] "o-?ird ( all ! bl9dness 9 ?is c\ntry is traceable to a l cause1 & t ?is occurs 9 innoc5t *ildr51 :o usually are less ?an a week old :5 _! sight is lo/1 z ! result ( v5]eal infection4 ,fur!rmore1 9 _m ( ! homes :i* we all h an opportunity to obs]ve1 !re is n t happ9ess exi/+ :i* w\ld lead ?9k+ p to ru% ru?lessly into matrimony1 & ! necessity = mak+ divorce easy & ! m>riage relation%ip h>d to ent] into 0 nev] z imp]ative z x is to-day4 ,! majority ( ! *ildr5 be+ born1 & 9 ^: h&s ! entire welf>e ( ?is /ate 9 ! future w re/1 are usually ^? ( p>5ts :o are ei!r unfitt$ or unable1 physically1 intellectually1 & morally1 to give !m su* "* & education z w make !m good citiz5s2 9 o!r words1 vice & crime are bre$+ fa/] by f> ?an moral re/ra9t & virtue4 ,:5ev] we are able to h our "y m5 und]/& t self-control on _! "p is a matt] ( fir/ importance 9 ! requirem5ts ( good citiz5%ip1 & a prime requisite if individual happ9ess is desir$1 !n & only !n w we beg9 to f9d m>riage becom+ m popul> & divorce less to be desir$ by ^? :o h ent]$ into ?is relation%ip4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,problems ,,( ,,! ,,future ,! close ( ! la/ c5tury f\nd humanity "u a diff]5t aspect ?an ev] be=e4 ,we/w>d & ev] we/w>d _h swept ! c\rse ( empire until ! e>ly ye>s ( ?is decade f\nd ! ,mongolian aga9 demon/rat+ 8 sup]iority ov] ! ,slavonic p ( ,ea/]n ,europe4 ,= c5turies ! battles = individual fre$om ( body & m9d _h be5 f\ght 9 torture *amb]s1 at h]esy trials1 at ! /ake ( e auto-da-f1 z well z 9 ! legislative halls ( insul> & cont95tal ,europe1 & f9ally ?is /ruggle has culm9at$ 9 ! greate/1 fi]ce/ & mo/ deva/at+ w> ( mod]n times1 :i* 0 ,am]ica's tribute to ! cause ( democracy & fre$om4 ,! nations ( ,europe h look$ ) wond] ^u ! gr[? & sudd5 rise into importance ( ! ,am]ican ,conf$]acy ( ,/ates1 & cr[n$ & titl$ tyrants1 rul+ by ! div9e "r1 h long dread$ ! absorption ( ,am]ican ideas by _! subjects or ,am]ican int]f]5ce ) ! c\rse ( gov]nm5tal proc$ure4 ,) ! advancem5t & dissem9ation ( le>n+1 democratic gov]nm5t has got to come1 & woe to ^? :o oppose x :5 ! "t is ripe4 ,poor1 ble$+1 ignorant ,russia is at ?is m9ute 9 ! ?roes ( int]nec9e /rife1 & no "o realizes bett] ?an ^? ( ! autocracy :o by _! selfi%ness & slo? h br\ght ^u !mselves ! engulf+ tide ( revolution1 :at 0 meant by ! dissolute associates ( ! ,fr5* ,c\rt directly be=e ! horrors ( ! ,commune :5 !y us$ to say ,aft] u ! deluge4 ,& little z !y expect$ x1 ?is deluge did n wait = !m to leave1 b 9 _m in/ances help$ to u%] !m f ! field ( human activity1 ^u ! block1 be=e ! guillot9e4 ,x is n at ?is "t ev5 improbable t ! great ,sib]ian prisons may soon be fill$ ) ! blue/ blood ( royalty1 & p]haps ! ,k>a m9es w yet be work$ 9 by _! own]s1 = ! b5efit ( ! revolutioni/s4 ,b :e!r ?is comes to pass or n1 we "k t we h se5 absolutism gradually give way to con/itutional =ms ( gov]nm5t1 & ^! 9 turn become metamorphos$ into republics4 ,& 9 ^! democracies we see a t5d5cy to return to a c5traliz$ =m ( gov]nm5t1 p>ticul>ly :5 ! *ief executive is an individual ^: judgm5t1 al?\gh x is 9 error1 has be5 actuat$ by motives :i* no "o c impugn4 ,:at !n is ! mean+ ( ?is--is humanity travel+ 9 cycles8 ,politically1 we c answ] emphatically1 ,,no4 ,! ease ) :i* k is communicat$ among p to-day & ! unimpea*able integrity ( ! great middle classes are ! sure/ gu>antee t nev] w we return to ! degrad+ d>kness & s]vility ( ! pa/1 :ile ! tr5*ant mann] 9 :i* our press uses ! weapons ( ridicule & c>toon insures = our po/]ity an ev5 bett] & m active public consci5ce1 :i* w dem& duty p]=m$ comm5surate ) privileges grant$4 ,municipalities & commonweal?s may be full ( political rott5ness & corruption1 s5ates may be fill$ by ! paid ag5ts ( capital1 repres5tative halls may be pack$ by demagogues elect$ by ! mo/ radical elem5t ( organiz$ labor1 b reg>dless ( tempor>y mi/akes1 j z long z we ma9ta9 an effici5t public s*ool sy/em & make education compulsory & leave ! press un%ackl$1 we _c "u a democratic =m ( gov]nm5t1 :]e t5ure ( (fice is = a %ort p]iod only1 ev] p]man5tly retrograde4 ,/ud5ts ( contemporane\s ,am]ican hi/ory :o h foll[$ closely ! exposure ( municipal (ficials guilty ( ! wor/ =ms ( malfeasance1 w probably be l$ to believe t we are go+ f bad to worse politically 9 our l>g] cities4 ,ow+ to ! publicity1 h[ev]1 :i* su* matt]s get1 & ! fact t our citiz5 body 9 ! aggregate respect hone/y & integrity1 we h no?+ to fe>4 ,! re=m wave :i* (t5times sweeps ) viol5ce ov] our cities1 to be *eck$ only :5 p]sons ( mu* influ5ce h _! lib]ty jeop>diz$1 w inevitably br+ ab\t an und]/&+ on ! "p ( ! majority ( ! citiz5s t politics mu/ n be corrupt$ by p :o make a bus9ess ( s$uc+ ! electorate ( our cities4 ,! commission =m ( gov]nm5t has already done mu* to lead ! way to a bett] /ate ( affairs1 & ev5 if x _h n1 x w\ld be only a "q ( b a %ort "t until publicity itself w\ld br+ ab\t a bett]1 pur]1 & m economic adm9i/ration ( gov]nm5t4 ,z a nation1 we are m s]i\sly m5ac$ by ! accumulation ( gigantic individual =tunes ?an f any o!r "o & p]haps f all o!r s\rces comb9$1 z 9 b v few cases does a compet5cy mean ! use ( "t = a leisure ( culture & ennoblem5t1 b r = ! developm5t ( selfi%ness1 av>ice1 cruelty1 & immorality4 ,*ri/ c]ta9ly did n ov]rate ! awful disadvantage ( ri*es1 p>ticul>ly if consid]$ 9 relation to ! rec5t developm5ts ( our crim9al trials 9 our great cities1 :5 ,he said t ,x is easi] = a camel to pass ?r\gh ! eye ( a ne$le ?an = a ri* man to ent] ,heav54 ,weal? 9 ! h&s ( ! "y is ! wor/ condition ) :i* !y c be surr\nd$--x almo/ =ces !m into ! company ( irresponsible & immoral p]sons :o lead !m into vice1 ?us sapp+ _! vitality1 z well z engross+ !m 9 habits ( infamy1 :i* _! weak5$ m5tality c usually nev] %ake (f4 ,! dire/ pov]ty1 on ! o!r h&1 p9*es & conf9es bo? ! body & m9d ?r\gh lack ( prop] nutrition & "t = re/ & recreation1 s t x is ( d\ble importance to ! ,/ate to see t enorm\s private accumulations ( weal? d n exi/1 & m especially t !y _c be inh]it$4 ,a reasonable sum %\ld be fix$ ^u by our lawmak]s z ! maximum am\nt :i* c\ld be inh]it$ by any "o individual1 & any "p ( an e/ate :i* 0 n legally dispos$ ( "u ?is act1 by w or o!rwise1 %\ld pass into ! undisput$ possession ( ! ,/ate & %\ld be sp5t1 n = ! ord9>y adm9i/ration ( ! law1 b = ! build+ ( s*ools1 hospitals1 p>ks1 museums1 & ! pur*ase ( public utilities1 su* z wat]1 light+1 p[] & transportation companies4 ,%\ld ! means above sugge/$ prove too sl[ 9 op]ation or inadequate to meet pres5t em]g5cies1 an income-tax might1 = a decade or two1 be a necessity--! returns f :i* %\ld be exp5d$ z sugge/$ above4 ,unless some?+ ( ?is "* is done )9 ! next c5tury1 x w\ld seem t our c\ntry _c cont9ue to advance 9 civilization1 al?\gh %e might 9 political pre/ige & comm]cial importance1 b w\ld foll[ 9 ! /eps ( s _m o!r great /ates1 & soon] or lat] arrive at a "t :]e h] pres5t w\ld be b a meagre %ad[ ( h] maje/ic pa/4 ,if we w\ld h ! mo/ t is to be got out ( life1 we %\ld see to x t m "t & att5tion is paid to ! developm5t ( ! /hetic side ( our natures4 ,our public build+s are to-day usually design$ ^u gr& & maje/ic l9es2 "s ( our public p>ks are laid out ) ! idea ( %[+ ! beauty ( simplicity & h>mony2 a few ( our private mansions are ar*itecturally works ( art2 we h 9 our l>ge cities a few museums :i* are kept op5 a few h\rs to ! public ^u days :5 x has leisure1 b1 fur!r ?an ?is1 h[ little are we taught1 or d we see1 ! beautiful aside f its arrangem5t 9 nature 9 ! ord9>y r\t9e ( life8 ,) all b ! weal?i] class1 ! gett+ ( a livelihood & ! att5tion to o!r mat]ial ?+s1 consumes all ! "t & en]gy available "u ! pres5t rgime s t no leisure is left to cultivate an appreciation or desire = ! beautiful4 ,x is ! am\nt ( developm5t ( ! /hetic nature ( ! masses :i* is ! sure/ & mo/ c]ta9 index ( any civilization4 ,s*legel has mo/ ju/ly obs]v$ t :5 m5 are left to ! sole guidance ( artificial law1 !y become r$uc$ to m]e empty %ad[s & s\lless =ms2 :ile ! undivid$ sway ( nature leaves !m savage & loveless4 ,x is !re=e 9 ?is middle gr\nd t we %\ld provide /imuli = ! gr[? ( ?is cult ( ! beautiful1 & to d ?is we mu/ beg9 ) ! *ildr54 ,x %\ld be ! c>e ( ! /ate to see t our /reets are kept clean1 t grass plots & fl[] b$s are h>moni\sly & ta/ily arrang$ at ! int]section ( ! highways1 :]ev] possible1 & t all h\ses int5d$ = t5em5t purposes be s built t pl5ty ( light & air c be always available4 ,p[]ful & elevat+ music %\ld be p]=m$ 9 public p>ks at frequ5t int]vals1 :5ev] ! wea!r w p]mit ( g5]al ga!r+s 9 ! op5 air4 ,! be/ tal5t %\ld be secur$ to address ! p ^u subjects ( a g5]al nature1 su* z topics ( ! day1 political economy1 popul> sci5ce1 etc4 ,our s*ool rooms %\ld n only be clean & well v5tilat$1 b _! walls %\ld be hung ) int]e/+ & beautiful pictures1 & our s*ool libr>ies1 z well z our public libr>ies1 %\ld be num]\s1 & fill$ ) ! be/ lit]ature t money c buy4 ,9 our homes1 we %\ld see t e ref9+ influ5ce possible is ?r[n ar\nd ! *ildr51 &1 above all1 !y %\ld be taught ! beauty ( self-sacrifice & h]oism4 ,p>ticul>ly %\ld !y be taught ! value & beauty ( affection1 & !y %\ld be bo? told & %[n t ! pleasure d]iv$ !refrom1 & its value to ! human species1 dep5ds almo/ :olly ^u ! self-re/ra9t & self-sacrifice :i* is ex]cis$ 9 connection ) ! intimate relations aris+ f x4 ,s*legel aga9 speaks "r to ! po9t1 ,e inord9ate indulg5ce involves a correspond+ am\nt ( suff]+4444 ,o!rs1 on ! contr>y1 :o devote !mselves to glori\s de$s & seek enjoym5t only 9 ! int]vals ( m s]i\s ex]tion1 w h _! be/ rew>d 9 ! pure1 un*ang+ happ9ess pur*as$ by su* self-d5ial4 ,pleasure1 inde$1 has a high] ze/ :5 spontane\s & self-creat$2 & x rises 9 value 9 proportion to its aff9ity ) t p]fection ( beauty 9 :i* moral excell5ce is alli$ to ext]nal *>ms4 ,our att5tion z a nation to ! acquisition ( mat]ial weal? to ! utt] disreg>d ( our /hetic natures may v l>gely acc\nt = ! fact t ,am]ica has produc$ b few ( ^? lit]>y & arti/ic />s :i* are almo/ always co9cid5t ) comm]cial prosp]ity4 ,we seem to h nei!r pass$ ! ,elizabe?an nor ! ,victorian age 9 lit]ature ^u ?is side ( ! wat]--n because we h n produc$ tal5t along ^! l9es1 b because ! quantity has be5 s small & seems to be gr[+ less e ye>4 ,s9ce ! op5+ ( ! pres5t c5tury1 !re has practically be5 no?+ produc$ :i* w dem& recognition among lit]>y & arti/ic p aft] our own g5]ation4 ,!re seems to be only "o o!r great problem be=e humanity to-day4 ,next to ! di/ribution ( weal?1 x1 h[ev]1 is und\bt$ly ! mo/ p]plex+ "q ) :i* e democratic c\ntry w soon] or lat] h to deal4 ,9 its two =ms--z pro/itution & ! re/riction ( bir?--x con/itutes :at = a bett] "n is commonly call$ ! social evil4 ,"u our civilization & 9 our sy/em ( social ca/e we h no class ( s]fs2 b z l[1 if n l[]1 ?an ^! we h ^? wom5 :o sell _! favors = money to anyone :o w pay ! price4 ,un=tunately1 we h n yet rea*$ ! place :]e ! majority ( our male population decry moral loos5ess on ! "p ( wom5 ) :om !y are n connect$ by blood or matrimony2 al?\gh ?is may or may n h be5 done = pr(it1 z ! case may be4 ,x is /ill l>gely a matt] z to h[ g5]al ! k is1 z to h[ great is ! crime4 ,nev]!less1 ) ^? un=tunates ^: "* is g5]ally kn[n1 our mod]n society has no place--!y are outca/s 9 ! true s5se ( ! ^w4 ,worse ?an all1 is ! fact t society refuses to proscribe immorality ( ?is nature 9 man z x does 9 woman--consequ5tly1 %e alone be=e ! _w is made to suff] = :at he is z mu* to blame = z %e is1 & v frequ5tly m s4 ,! incongruity ( ?is1 "u a democratic =m ( gov]nm5t1 is readily app>5t to anyone & t su* a condition ( affairs may n exi/ p]man5tly "u our civilization _c be d\bt$4 ,x w\ld !re=e seem t ei!r "o ( two ?+s w h to come to pass 9 ! future2 ei!r we %all h to reg>d our pro/itutes z a class1 z !y 7 probably e/eem$ 9 anci5t ,greece1 or we %all h to atta* an equal calumny to man z we n[ atta* to woman 9 ^! relations4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance1 we tacitly admit t ! nature ( man diff]s f t ( woman1 9 t cont95ce & monogamy are n fitt$ = him b are = h]1 :i* e fair-m9d$ p]son kn[s to be a falsehood2 or else 9 ! o!r alt]native we h ! entire s5tim5t ( ?is c\ntry ^u ?is :ole matt] to make ov] & t aga9/ ^? :o are 9 p[]4 ,mrs4 ,p>sons1 9 h] c>efully prep>$ & compreh5sive /udy1 entitl$ ,! ,family1 does n1 x w\ld seem1 speak o!r ?an satirically :5 %e proposes t ! same lic5se be all[$ woman be=e %e be>s *ildr5 z society n[ all[s man4 ,?is w\ld seem to be a /ep backw>d1 inasmu* z !re is to-day1 ) no small p]c5tage ( ! p 9 ?is c\ntry1 a decid$ /igma atta*$ to promiscuity on ! "p ( man1 & ?is %\ld be fo/]$ & enc\rag$1 at any exp5se4 ,h] recomm5dation ( e>ly trial m>riage also smacks ( ! satirical1 :ile h] propositions to make ! transmission ( v5]eal diseases 9 m>riage a p5al (f5se1 to r5d] id5tical ! age ( cons5t ) ! legal age ( m>riage1 & to aboli% all laws requir+ p>5tal cons5t to m>riage1 to consid] p>5tal duties ! same 9 ! case ( an illegitimate z 9 t ( a legitimate *ild1 & to aboli% legal sep>ation & divorce law provisions prohibit+ ! def5dant to rem>ry1 mu/ appeal to all fair-m9d$ p]sons z exactly :at is ne$$4 ,) s5tim5t once well />t$ 9 ?is direction1 we c hope t ! next two or ?ree decades w accompli% mu*--m p>ticul>ly if we lose our money madness & return f ! fle%-pots to ?+s t are ( real value4 ,! happ9ess & virtue ( our *ildr5 w nev] be secure until society is f\nd$ ^u a basis ( real monogamy1 & male z well z female cont95ce be=e m>riage1 & ! soon] ?is fact is admitt$ & en=c$ ! bett] w x be = ! human race4 ,9 ?is mold+ ( s5tim5t1 woman c be & is an important factor1 & h] position becomes ! m comm&+ z %e becomes m indep5d5t f9ancially4 ,if %e dem&s purity on ! "p ( h] male fri5ds--soon] or lat] x w be accord$ to h]--if %e insi/s ^u x 9 h] lov]1 h] ,pr9ce ,*>m+ w come =? ) ! quality4 ,conc]n+ t "p ( ?is "q :i* deals ) ! re/riction ( bir?1 x has always seem$ t outside ( volunt>y *ildless m>riages ! importance ( race suicide 0 ov]-e/imat$4 ,:]e !re is no pa?ological reason :y *ildr5 %\ld n be born1 !re c be no "q b t volunt>y *ildless m>riage is :at has be5 well t]m$ a progressive sub/itute = pro/itution4 ,b :]e n us$ to consummate ?is end1 b to keep )9 ! limits ( ! prop] education & ! br++ up ( ! prog5y ( a human pair1 su* practice z does n involve infanticide _c be aga9/ ! be/ int]e/s ( ! race4 ,consequ5tly1 x w\ld seem t1 be=e m>riage1 "y m5 & wom5 %\ld become acqua9t$ ) ! fundam5tal ph5om5a ( conception1 ) ! purpose 9 view ( regulat+ ! numb] ( *ildr5 :i* !y br+ into ! _w to su* a numb] z !y c prop]ly educate & equip = ! /ruggle ( exi/5ce4 ,su* biological k z is necess>y to atta9 ?is %\ld become ! common prop]ty ( humanity1 & ! /ate %\ld n re/rict ! sale ( su* articles z w\ld fur!r ?is end4 ,on ! o!r h&1 "y m5 & wom5 %\ld be taught t x is _! duty to h :at *ildr5 !y c c>e =1 & at su* times & "u su* conditions dur+ w$lock z w insure _! desc5dants ! be/ physical & m5tal equipm5t4 ,infanticide 9 any =m & at any "t1 except :5 p]=m$ "u ! jurisdiction ( a reputable physician1 %\ld be made a crime & prop] puni%m5t provid$ !re=4 ,9 ?is phase ( ! "q1 !re is also a place = ! fo/]+ ( prop] s5tim5t4 ,p>5ts %\ld %[ _! *ildr5 t !y con/itute a v l>ge proportion ( _! happ9ess1 & t *ild-be>+1 )9 ! limits above set =?1 is a privilege & n a burd54 ,"u ^! conditions1 volunt>y *ildless m>riage w become less frequ5t & ! family w occupy ! position ( prim>y importance 9 ! /ate to :i* x is entitl$4 ,x is impossible to e/imate ! f>-rea*+ influ5ce ( ! ,woman's ,rights movem5t4 ,! agitation to-day ext5ds completely ar\nd ! _w1 & ev5 su* ,ori5tal c\ntries z ,turkey1 ,japan1 & ,*9a are be+ =c$ to realize t !y h x to face 9 ! ne> future4 ,politically1 !re c be no "q b t ! movem5t w t5d m t[>ds ! purity ( ! adm9i/ration ( ju/ice & ! elim9ation ( corruption 9 politics ?an any movem5t :i* has be5 />t$ )9 ! hi/ory ( man2 &1 z examples ( ?is1 we h only to look = ample pro( 9 c\ntries :]e wom5 h be5 giv5 full rights ( citiz5%ip1 su* z ,new ,zeal&1 & 9 ,colorado1 ,idaho1 ,wyom+1 & ,nevada ,/ates 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,socially1 we h already notic$ ! effect :i* ?is movem5t w h z t5d+ t[>ds ! purity ( mascul9e morals4 ,economically1 h[ev]1 x pres5ts a f> diff]5t aspect1 s9ce e woman :o ent]s comm]cial life1 :e!r 9 ! (fice or factory1 dim9i%es ! *ild-be>+ population ( ! e>?1 & ) ! great] s5se ( ju/ice & equity :i* comes f ! high] education1 ! dem&s ( woman w n only become m & m exact+1 b %e w be becom+ con/antly m pot5t 9 _! en=cem5t4 ,! economic phase ( ?is problem is s great t x is impossible to /ate at ?is "t :at ! outcome w be1 b a /ill fur!r trem5d\s decrease 9 ! bir? rate is absolutely sure to come ab\t2 & x w\ld seem t possibly ^? evils :i* w1 9 ! long run1 be mo/ l>gely rectifi$ by ?is movem5t w be augm5t$ 9 ! imm$iate future1 z a result ( ?is agitation1 until su* a "t z ! majority ( our citiz5s may be giv5 su* education z w enable !m to reason m logically ab\t ! fundam5tal propositions ( life4 ,we h look$ at a few ( ! phases ( human exi/5ce2 :at %all be said ( ! value ( life8 ,mod]n sci5ce has =ev] tak5 f u ! com=t+ delusions ( a p]sonal ,deity1 an immortality = ! s\l 9 a p]sonal s5se1 & ! idea ( our possess+ a w1 free to =ce our direction :i!rsoev] we elect4 ,x has left1 9 place ( ^!1 ! idea ( duty--individual & p]sonal responsibility--:i* _c be %irk$4 ,george ,eliot1 9 ! epilogue ( ,romola1 prea*es z /rong a s]mon z %e ev] c\ld to ,mr4 ,mey]s1 :5 %e talk$ to him ^u t n[ fam\s ev5+ 9 ,may at ,cambridge4 ,c>lyle1 no less ?an 8 c\ntrywoman1 realiz$1 n only ! importance ( liv+ up to individual responsibility1 b also und]/ood h[ h>d x (t5 0 to "k j :at %\ld be done4 ,8 rule1 :i* is mo/ wor?y ( emulation1 03 ,d ! ne>e/ duty t lies to y\r h&1 & already ! next duty w h become pla9]4 ,9 ord] t we may be ! bett] prep>$ to fulfill our responsibilities1 we %\ld obta9 all ! k possible1 ev5 al?\gh x may cause u lack ( insight tempor>ily1 & mu* m5tal agony4 ,fai? is n comp>able to k1 any m ?an wi%+ is equal to ! obta9+ ( results4 ,we %\ld !re=e be aggressive 9 ! dis*>ge ( our duty--lib]al & tol]ant1 pure & upright1 lov+ & unselfi%1 virtu\s & truly religi\s1 s t x may be said ( u1 :5 we h f9i%$1 t ! _w is a little bett]1 & life has be51 = z _m z possible1 a little happi] = our hav+ liv$4 ,,! ,,end ,,! ,,h[ ,,does ,,x ,,"w ,,s]ies ,no4 #a4 ,electricity4 ,by ,,?omas ,w4 ,,corb94 ,) _m ,illu/rations4 ,price1 #ge ,c5ts1 ,clo?4 ,expla9s 9 simple language ! work+ ( ,dynamos1 ,motors1 ,heat+ & ,light+ ,app>atus1 ,tra9ways1 ,railways1 c4 ,! in=mation giv5 is cle> & easily und]/ood1 & _m excell5t halftones & l9e draw+s are giv54 ,x is an ,a#a book = any boy or man ) a lean+ t[>ds ?+s electric4--,publi%]s' ,circul>4 ,! descriptions are giv5 9 v pla9 language & !re are excell5t illu/rations4 ,no4 #b4 ,model ,mak+4 ,by ,,cyril ,,hall4 ,clo?4 ,) _m ,diagrams4 ,price1 #ge ,c5ts4 ,conta9s in/ructions = mak+ a ,/eam ,locomotive--,turb9e--,/eam ,boat--,electric ,eng9es--,motors--,ya*t--,pr9t+ ,press--,/eam ,crane--,telephone--,electric ,bells--,telegraph1 c4 ,no4 #c4 ,mod]n ,eng9es4 ,by ,,?omas ,w4 ,,corb94 ,) _m illu/rations4 ,price1 ,clo?1 #ge ,c5ts4 ,/eam ,eng9es1 ,gas ,eng9es1 ,petrol ,eng9es1 ,m>9e ,eng9es1 ,/eam ,pumps1 ,/eam ,boil]s1 c41 c4 ,at all ,booksell]s or po/paid by ,r4 ,f4 ,f5no ,company ,transcrib]'s note ,text 9 italics has be5 surr\nd$ ) und]scores1 und]l9$ words ) signs1 bold ) signs & small capitals *ang$ to all capitals4 ,! fir/ two columns ( ! ,geological ,table at ! end ( ,*apt] ,,ii h be5 comb9$ to keep ! wid? )9 limits4 ,! foll[+ corrections 7 made1 on page #ia posession *ang$ to possession 7aft] !y _h secur$ possession ( _!7 #abg =mlu *ang$ to =mul 7_h recit$ c]ta9 magical =mul :i* _h7 #age ' *ang$ to 7nev] to h lov$ at all47 #bjj add$ 7,! in=mation giv5 is cle>74 ,o!rwise ! orig9al has be5 pres]v$1 includ+ ar*aic & unusual words1 z well z unusual or inconsi/5t spell+ & hyph5ation4 ,= in/ance3 ,pho$rus is usually spell$ z ,phdrus1 ?is has n be5 *ang$4