mat]ial f ! ,google ,pr9t project47 ,e attempt has be5 made to replicate ! orig9al z pr9t$4 ,"s typographical errors h be5 correct$2 a li/ foll[s ! text4 ,no attempt has be5 made to correct ! ,g]man spell+4 ,! footnotes foll[ ! text4 7etext transcrib]'s note7 ,,! ,,philosophy ,,( ,,life1 ,,& ,,philosophy ,,( ,,language1 ,,9 ,a ,c\rse ( ,lectures4 ,,by ,,fr$]ick ,,von ,,s*legel4 ,,translat$ ,,f ,,! ,,g]man ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,a4 ,j4 ,w4 ,,morrison1 ,m4,a4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,h>p] ,,bro!rs1 ,,publi%]s1 #hb ,,cliff ,,/reet4 #ahdh4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,philosophy ,,( ,,life4 ,,lecture ,i4 ,page ,( ! ?9k+ ,s\l z ! ,c5t] ( ,consci\sness1 & ( ! false ,proc$ure ( ,reason #g ,,lecture ,,ii4 ,( ! lov+ ,s\l z ! ,c5t] ( ! moral ,life2 & ( ,m>riage #bh ,,lecture ,,iii4 ,( ! ,s\l's ,%>e 9 ,k1 & ( ,revelation #dh ,,lecture ,,iv4 ,( ! ,s\l 9 relation to ,nature #gj ,,lecture ,v4 ,( ! ,s\l ( ,man 9 relation to ,god #ie ,,lecture ,,vi4 ,( ! ,wisdom ( ! div9e ,ord] ( ,?+s 9 ,nature1 & ( ! ,relation ( ,nature to ! o!r ,life & to ! ,invisible ,_w #aae ,,lecture ,,vii4 ,( ! div9e ,wisdom z manife/$ 9 ! ,realm ( ,tru?1 & ( ! ,conflict ( ! ,age ) ,error #ada ,,lecture ,,viii4 ,( ! div9e ,ord] 9 ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,_w & ! ,relation ( ,/ates #afb ,,lecture ,,ix4 ,( ! true ,de/9ation ( ,philosophy3 & ( ! app>5t ,s*ism b ess5tial ,unity betwe5 a "r ,fai? & highe/ ,c]ta9ty1 z ! ,c5t] ( ,light & ,life 9 ! ,consci\sness #ahe ,,lecture ,x4 ,( ! tw(old ,_s ( ,tru? & ,error 9 ,sci5ce2 ( ! ,conflict ( ,fai? ) ,infidelity #bjf ,,lecture ,,xi4 ,( ! ,relation ( ,tru? & ,sci5ce to ,life1 & ( ,m9d 9 its application to ,reality #bcb ,,lecture ,,xii4 ,( ! symbolical ,nature & ,con/itution ( ,life ) ref]5ce to ,art & ! moral ,relations ( ,man #bef ,,lecture ,,xiii4 ,( ! ,_s ( ,tru? & ,life 9 its application to ,politics1 or ( ! ,*ri/ian ,con/itution ( ! ,/ate & ! ,*ri/ian ,idea ( ,jurisprud5ce #bgg ,,lecture ,,xiv4 ,( ! ,division ( ,ranks1 & ( ! reciprocal ,relations ( ,/ates1 accord+ to ! ,*ri/ian ,idea4 ,( ,sci5ce z a ,p[]2 ( its ,con/itution1 & ( ! "r ,regulation ( x #cja ,,lecture ,,xv4 ,( ! true ,idea ( a ,!ocracy2 ( ! ,might ( ,sci5ce1 & ( ! f9al ,re/oration & ,p]fection ( ! human ,consci\sness #cbj ,,philosophy ,,( ,,language4 ,preface ( ! ,g]man ,editor #cda ,,lecture ,i4 #cdc ,,lecture ,,ii4 #cfd ,,lecture ,,iii4 #chb ,,lecture ,,iv4 #djb ,,lecture ,v4 #dbd ,,lecture ,,vi4 #ddd ,,lecture ,,vii4 #dfi ,,lecture ,,viii4 #dic ,,lecture ,,ix4 #ead ,,lecture ,x4 #ecg ,,preface4 ,^! fifte5 ,lectures on ! ,philosophy ( ,life are int5d$ to give1 z f> z possible1 a full & cle> exposition ( ! mo/ int]e/+ topics t c engage human att5tion4 ,9 ! op5+ !y treat ( ! s\l1 fir/ ( all z =m+ ! c5t] ( consci\sness1 &1 secondly1 ( its co-op]ation ) m9d or _s 9 sci5ce1 t is1 ! acquisition ( a "r k ( man & nature1 & ( _! sev]al relations to ! ,deity4 ,^! matt]s occupy five ,lectures ( ! :ole s]ies4 ,! next ?ree treat ( ! laws ( div9e wisdom & provid5ce1 z disc]nible 9 outw>d nature1 9 ! _w ( ?\ght1 & 9 ! hi/ory ( mank9d4 ,! la/ sev5 conta9 an attempt to trace ! developm5t ( man's m9d or _s1 bo? )9 himself & 9 sci5ce & public life4 ,trac+ its gradual expansion1 z unfold$ ei!r by ! legitimate pursuit ( a re/oration to orig9al excell5ce1 or by ! /ruggle ) ! oppos+ _s ( ! times1 !y foll[ ! human race ?r\gh its progressive gradations1 up to ! clos+ t]m ( p]fection4 ,,philosophy ,,( ,,life4 ,,lecture ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,?9k+ ,,s\l ,,z ,,! ,,c5t] ,,( ,,consci\sness1 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,false ,,proc$ure ,,( ,,reason4 8,!re are10 says a poet z +5i\s z pr(\nd1#a 8m ?+s 9 heav5 & e>? ?an are dreamt ( 9 our philosophy40 ,?is s5tim5t1 :i* ,g5ius accid5tally let drop1 is 9 ! ma9 applicable also to ! philosophy ( our own day2 &1 ) a slight modification1 ,i %all be ready to adopt x z my own4 ,! only *ange t is requisite to make x available = my purpose w\ld be ! addition--8& also betwe5 heav5 & e>? are !re _m ?+s :i* are n dreamt ( 9 our philosophy40 ,& exactly because philosophy1 = ! mo/ "p1 does no?+ b dream--sci5tifically dream1 x may be--!re=e is x ignorant1 ay1 has no inkl+ ev5 ( mu* :i*1 nev]!less1 9 all propriety x ought to "k4 ,x loses sight ( its true object1 x quits ! firm gr\nd :]e1 /&+ secure1 x might pursue its own avocations )\t let or h9d]ance1 :5ev]1 ab&on+ its own prop] region1 x ei!r so>s up to heav5 to weave !re its f9e-spun webs ( dialectics1 & to build its metaphysical ca/les 9 ! air1 or else1 los+ itself on ! e>?1 x viol5tly int]f]es ) ext]nal reality1 & det]m9es to %ape ! _w accord+ to its own fancy1 & to re=m x at w4 ,half way betwe5 ^! two devi\s c\rses lies ! true road2 & ! prop] region ( philosophy is ev5 t spiritual inn] life betwe5 heav5 & e>?4 ,on bo? sides1 _m & manifold errors 7 committ$ ev5 9 ! e>li] & bett] days ( enlight5$ antiquity4 ,plato himself1 ! greate/ ( ! great ?9k]s ( ,greece1 set up 9 8 ,republic ! model ( an ideal polity1 :i*1 9 ?is respect1 c n be> ! te/ ( exam9ation4 ,8 design inde$ f9ds1 9 "s measure1 its apology 9 ! disord]s & corruption :i*1 ev5 9 8 day1 _h infect$ all ! free /ates ( ,greece1 :e!r great or small4 ,8 "w1 too1 by ! highly-f9i%$ /yle ( ! :ole1 ! vivid p]spicuity ( its n>rative1 its ri* pr(usion ( pregnant ideas & noble s5tim5ts1 /&s out 9 dignifi$ contra/ to ! crude & ill-dige/$ s*emes ( legislation s ha/ily prop\nd$ 9 our own day4 ,/ill1 x w ev] rema9 ! weak po9t ( ?is great man4 ,"o ne$s n to be a ,plato to see h[ absolutely unfeasible1 n to say practically absurd1 are _m ( ! propositions ( ?is ,platonic ideal4 ,accord+ly1 x has ev] be5 ! fruitful occasion1 n only among cotempor>ies1 b also ) po/]ity1 ( ridicule to ! ignorant & ( c5sure to ! wise4 ,9 ?is respect x c n b excite our regret t su* great & noble p[]s ( m9d %\ld h be5 wa/$ 9 foll[+ a false direction1 & 9 pursuit ( an unatta9able end4 ,! olde/ philosoph]s ( ,greece1 on ! o!r h&--^? fir/ bold adv5tur]s on ! wide ocean ( ?\ght--comb9$ toge!r ! elem5ts ( ?+s1 wat]1 or air1 or fire1 or atoms1 or1 la/ly1 ! all-rul+ intellect#b itself1 into z _m diff]5t sy/ems ( ! univ]se4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ea* 9 8 own way ?us set =? a peculi> cre$ ( nature1 we mu/ ev] be> 9 m9d t ! popul> religion1 ) its poetical imag]y1 & ! fabul\s my?ology ( antiquity1 z af=d+ n only no suffici5t1 b absolutely no answ] to ! inquir+ m9d1 z to ! ess5ce ( ?+s1 & ! fir/ cause ( all1 c\ld n possibly satisfy ^! e>li] ?9k]s4 ,consequ5tly1 !y might well feel tempt$ to f9d1 ea* = himself1 a way to honor nature1 & to contemplate ! supreme ,be+4 ,s9ce !n1 h[ev]1 ! _w has gr[n old] by ne>ly tw5ty-five c5turies1 & mu*1 9 ! mean :ile1 has be5 accompli%$ by1 or fall5 to ! %>e (1 ! human race4 ,b :5 philosophy w\ld pret5d to reg>d ?is long succession ( ages1 & all its fruits1 z sudd5ly eras$ f ! records ( exi/5ce1 & = ! sake ( *ange w\ld />t afre%1 s p]il\s an exp]im5t c sc>cely lead to any good result1 b 9 all probability1 & to judge f pa/ exp]i5ce1 w only give rise to numb]less & int]m9able disputes4 ,su* an op5 space 9 ?\ght--cle>$ f all ! traces ( an e>li] exi/5ce 7a smoo?ly-poli%$ m>ble tablet1 z x 71 l ! tabula rasa ( a rec5t ephem]al philosophy7--w\ld only s]ve z an ar5a = ! useless ?\gh d>+ v5tures ( unpr(itable speculation1 & c\ld nev] =m a safe basis = solid ?\ght1 or = any p]man5t manife/ation ( intellectual life4 ,9 itself x is no?+ surpris+ if "y & inexp]i5c$ m9ds1 occupy+ !mselves prematurely1 or 9 a p]v]t$ s5se1 ) ! gr& ideas ( ,god & ,nature1 lib]ty & ! m>* ( ?\ght1 %\ld be :olly ov]ma/]$ & c>ri$ away ) !m4 ,x has (t5 happ5$ be=e n[1 & x is no new ?+ if y\?ful & ard5t temp]am5ts %\ld ei!r yield to ! s$uctive temptation to make1 n to say create1 a new religion ( _! own2 or else feel a deceitful impulse to c5sure & to *ange all t is already 9 exi/5ce1 &1 if possible1 to re=m ! :ole _w by _! newly-acquir$ ideas4 ,t ?is tw(old ab]ration & misuse ( philosophical ?\ght mu/ prove univ]sally injuri\s1 & prejudicial bo? to education & ! :ole _w1 is s evid5t t x c sc>cely be necess>y to dwell ^u x4 ,its effect has be5 to cause m51 especially ^? ^: m9ds h be5 =m$ 9 ! great & compreh5sive duties ( practical life1 to view ! ?+ altoge!r 9 an evil light1 al?\gh x mu/ be confess$ !re is mu* inju/ice 9 ?is sweep+ condemnation4 ,9 sev]al ( ! great /atesm5 ( ,rome we may obs]ve a simil> contempt = ,grecian philosophy z useless & unpr(itable4 ,& yet1 z is happily indicat$ by its ,greek "n1 ?is :ole ef=t 0 assur$ly bas$ ^u a noble conception1 &1 :5 duly regulat$1 a salut>y pr9ciple4 ,= 9 ?is beautiful ^w1 accord+ to its orig9al acceptation1 sci5ce is n reg>d$ z already f9i%$ & mature1 b is r set =? z an object ( se>*--( a noble curiosity & ( a pure en?usiasm = great & sublime tru?s1 :ile at ! same "t x implies ! wise use ( su* k4 ,m]ely1 h[ev]1 to *eck & to h9d] ! ab]rations ( a false philosophy1 is n by itself suffici5t4 ,x is only by lay+ d[n & level+ ! "r road ( a philosophy ( life1 t a ?or\gh rem$y = ! evil is to be f\nd4 ,true philosophy1 !re=e1 honor+ t :i* has be5 giv5 f above & t :i* is exi/5t f )\t1 mu/ nei!r raise itself 9 ho/ility to ! "o1 nor attempt to int]f]e viol5tly ) ! o!r4 ,= x is exactly :51 keep+ mode/ly )9 its prop] limits ( ! inn] spiritual life1 x makes itself ! h&maid nei!r ( !ology nor ( politics1 t x be/ ass]ts its true dignity & ma9ta9s its indep5d5ce on its own peculi> doma94 ,& ?us1 ev5 :ile x ab/a9s mo/ scrupul\sly f int]m$dl+ ) ! positive & actual1 w x op]ate mo/ p[]fully on ali5 & remote bran*es ( inquiry1 & by tea*+ !m to consid] objects 9 a fre] & m g5]al light1 indirectly x w ex]cise on !m a salut>y influ5ce4 ,?us1 :ile x proce$s along its appo9t$ pa?1 x w1 z x 7 )\t ef=t1 disp]se _m a mi/ :i* spreads its dang]\s delusion ov] ! :ole ( human exi/5ce1 or remove1 p]haps1 _m a /one ( /umbl+1 :i* (f5ds ! age & divides ! m9ds ( m5 9 /rife & discord4 ,9 ?is mann]1 consequ5tly1 w x mo/ beautifully atte/ its heal+ virtue1 & at ! same "t be/ fulfill its prop] de/9ation4 ,! object1 !re=e1 ( philosophy is ! inn] m5tal life 7gei/ige ,leb571 n m]ely ?is or t individual faculty 9 any p>tial direction1 b man's spiritual life ) all its ri* & manifold en]gies4 ,) respect to =m & me?od3 ! philosophy ( life sets out f a s+le assumption--t ( life1 or1 9 o!r words1 ( a consci\sness to a c]ta9 degree awak5$ & manifoldly develop$ by exp]i5ce--s9ce x has = its object1 & purposes to make kn[n ! entire consci\sness1 & n m]ely a s+le phase ( x4 ,n[1 su* an end w\ld be h9d]$ r ?an promot$ by a highly elaborate or m9utely exhau/ive =m1 & a pa9fully artificial me?od2 & x is h]e9 t ! diff]5ce lies betwe5 a philosophy ( life & ! philosophy ( ! s*ool4 ,if philosophy be reg>d$ m]ely z "o "p ( a g5]al sci5tific education1 !n is ! in/ruction 9 me?od 7:e!r "u ! old tradition>y "n ( ,logic or any o!r7 ! *ief po9t to be reg>d$4 ,= su* a m]e elem5t>y c\rse1 pass+ ov]1 or at lea/ po/pon+ = a :ile ! consid]ation ( ! matt]1 z possess+ z yet b a v remote int]e/ = ! /ud5t1 &1 9 ! default ( an adequate int]nal exp]i5ce ( 8 own1 incapable ( be+ und]/ood by him1 conc]ns itself r ) ! practice ( me?odical ?\ght1 bo? z necess>y = ! future1 & z applicable to all matt]s4 ,b ! prelim9>y ex]cise 9 philosophical ?9k+ is only ! introduction to philosophy1 & n philosophy itself4 ,?is s*ool-tea*+ ( philosophy might1 p]haps1 be r5d]$ productive ( ! mo/ excell5t consequ5ces1 if only x 7 direct$ to ! hi/ory ( ! human intellect4 ,:at c\ld be m int]e/+ ?an a hi/ory :i* %\ld ent] into ! _s1 & di/9ctly embody ! v>i\s sy/ems :i* ! inv5tive subtilety ( ! ,greeks gave bir? to1 or :i*1 tak+ a /ill wid] range1 %\ld embrace ! sci5ce ( ! ,egyptians1 & "s ,asiatic nations1 & illu/rate ! no less wond]ful nor less manifold sy/ems ( ! ,h9doos--^? ,greeks ( ! primeval _w8 ,b ?is1 p]haps1 w\ld be to encroa* ^u ! peculi> doma9 ( erudition1 & might1 moreov]1 fail to furni% equal int]e/ = all2 &1 at any rate1 ! hi/ory ( philosophy is n philosophy itself4 ,n[1 ! di/9ction betwe5 ! philosophy ( life & ! philosophy ( ! s*ool w appe> 9 v diff]5t lights1 accord+ to ! peculi>ity ( view :i* pr$om9ates 9 ! sev]al philosophical sy/ems4 ,t species ( philosophy :i* revolves 9 ! dialectical orbit ( ab/ract ideas1 accord+ to its peculi> "*1 presupposes & requires a well-practic$ tal5t ( ab/raction1 p]petually asc5d+ ?r\gh high] grades to ! v highe/1 & ev5 !n boldly v5tur+ a /ep beyond4 ,9 %ort1 z may be easily %[n 9 ! in/ance ( mod]n ,g]man sci5ce1 ! be+ un9telligible is set up z a k9d ( ess5tial *>act]i/ic ( a true & truly sci5tific philosophy4 ,i1 = my "p1 mu/ confess t ,i feel a great di/ru/ ( t philosophy :i* dwells 9 inaccessible light1 :]e ! inv5tor inde$ ass]ts ( himself1 t he f9ds himself 9 an unatta9able c]ta9ty & cle>ness ( insight1 giv+ u all ! :ile to und]/& !reby t he does see well en\gh h[1 ( all o!r mortals1 sc>cely any1 or1 p]haps1 /rictly speak+1 no "o1 und]/&s or is capable ( und]/&+ him4 ,9 all su* cases x is only ! false light ( "s int]nal ignis fatuus t produces ?is illusion ( ! un9telligible1 or1 r1 ( nons5se4 ,9 ?is pursuit ( :olly ab/ract & un9telligible ?\ght1 ! philosophy ( ! s*ool is naturally en\gh e/eem$ above e o!r1 & reg>d$ z pre-em95tly ! true sci5ce--i4e41 ! un9telligible4 ,9 su* a sy/em a philosophy ( life means no?+ m ?an a k9d ( translation ( its ab/rus] my/]ies into a m popul> =m1 & an adaptation ( !m to ! capacity ( ord9>y m9ds4 ,b ev5 su* popul> adaptations1 ?\gh ev9c+ no common p[]s ( language & illu/ration1 9 spite ( _! app>5t cle>ness1 :5 clos] exam9$1 are f\nd z un9telligible z ! recondite orig9als4 ,=1 inasmu* z ! subject-matt] ( ^! ab/ract speculations 01 f ! v fir/1 confus$ & un9telligible1 x 0 consequ5tly incapable ( be+ made cle> ev5 by ! mo/ p]spicu\s ( /yles4 ,b ! true liv+ philosophy has no relation or sympa?y ) ?is cont9u\s advance up to ! un9telligible heights ( empty ab/raction4 ,s9ce ! objects x treats ( are none o!r ?an ^? :i* e man ( a cultivat$ m9d1 &1 9 any degree accu/om$ to obs]ve 8 own consci\sness1 bo? has & recognizes )9 himself1 !re is no?+ to prev5t its exposition be+ ?r\gh\t cle>1 easy1 & =cible4 ,"h ! relation is rev]s$4 ,9 su* a sy/em ! philosophy ( life is ! *ief & p>am\nt object ( int]e/2 :ile ! philosophy ( ! s*ool1 or ! sci5tific tea*+ ( x 9 ! s*ools1 h[ev] necess>y & valuable 9 its place1 is /ill1 z comp>$ ) ! :ole ?+ itself1 only second>y & subord9ate4 ,9 ! philosophy ( life1 moreov]1 ! me?od adopt$ mu/ also be a liv+ "o4 ,consequ5tly x is n1 by any means1 a ?+ to be neglect$4 ,b /ill x ne$ n to be appli$ ) equal rigor ?r\gh\t1 or to appe> prom95tly 9 e "p1 b1 on all occasions1 mu/ be gov]n$ 9 ^! respects by :at ! p>ticul> end 9 view may dem&4 ,a few illu/rations1 drawn f daily exp]i5ce1 w1 p]haps1 s]ve to expla9 my mean+4 ,g5]ally speak+1 ! mo/ important arts & pursuits ( life are ultimately bas$ on ma!matics4 ,?is sci5ce furni%es !m1 z x 71 ) ! me?od !y obs]ve2 b x is n practicable1 nor1 inde$1 has man ! leisure1 to rev]t on e occasion1 ) me?odical exactness1 to ^! elem5ts1 b1 assum+ ! pr9ciples to be well kn[n & admitt$1 he att5ds r to ! results ess5tial to ! end he has 9 view4 ,! economical managem5t ( ! smalle/ z well z ( ! l>ge/ h\sehold1 re/s1 9 ! end1 on ! elem5t>y pr9ciples ( ari?metic2 b :at w\ld come ( x if1 on e occasion1 we 7 to g back to ! simple 8"o-times-"o0 ( ! multiplication table1 & reflect$ ^u & s\ght = ! pro(s t ! pr9ciple is really valid & c confid5tly be reli$ on 9 practice8 ,9 ! same way ! art ( w> is f\nd$ on geometry2 b :5 ! g5]al arranges 8 troops = battle1 does he consult 8 ,euclid to satisfy himself ( ! correctness & advantages ( 8 position8 ,la/ly1 :5 ! a/ronom]1 ^: vocation is pre-em95tly dep5d5t on accurate calculation1 :5 he w\ld make u acqua9t$ ) ! ph5om5a ( ! sid]eal heav5s1 conf9es himself almo/ entirely to !m1 )\t we>y+ ^? :om he wi%es to int]e/1 ) ! complicat$ reckon+s :i*1 h[ev]1 9 all probability1 he 0 oblig$ himself to g ?r\gh4 ,) all ^! arts & pursuits ( practical life1 ! intellectual bus9ess ( ?9k+--( su* ?9k+ at lea/ z is common to mo/ m5--& ( communicat+ ?\ght1 has a sort ( aff9ity & resemblance4 ,=1 unque/ionably1 x is "o among ! _m problems ( philosophy to e/abli% a wise economy & prud5t /ew>d%ip ( t ev]-%ift+ mass ( incom+ & outgo+ ?\ghts :i* make up our intellectual e/ate & prop]ty4 ,& ?is is ! m necess>y ! great] are ! treasures ( ?\ght possess$ by our age4 ,=1 9 ! highly rapid int]*ange ( & traffic 9 ideas1 :i* is c>ry+ on1 ! receipts & disbursem5ts are n always duly balanc$4 ,!re is mu* cause1 !re=e1 to fe> le/ a ?\ghtless & lavi% dissipation ( ! noble/ m5tal end[m5ts %\ld become preval5t1 or a false & baseless cr$it-sy/em 9 ?\ght spr+ up amid an absolute defici5cy ( a solid & p]man5t capital safely inve/$ 9 fundam5tal ideas & la/+ tru?s4 ,z = ! second simile3 ,i %\ld1 by all means1 wi% to ga9 a victory1 n inde$ = y1 b ) y1 ov] "s ( ! _m errors & _m semblances ( ?\ght1 :i* are1 h[ev]1 b *eats & c\nt]feits :i* di/ract ! m9ds ( ! pres5t g5]ation1 di/urb ! h>mony ( life1 & bani% peace ev5 f ! intellectual _w4 ,& z respects ! ?ird illu/ration3 ,i %\ld inde$ rejoice z hav+1 9 a great measure1 atta9$ my object1 if only ,i %all succe$ 9 direct+ y\r att5tion to "s /> 9 ! high] region ( intellect1 :i* hi!rto 0 ei!r totally unkn[n1 or1 at lea/1 nev] be=e fully obs]v$4 ,b above all1 ,i ?9k x necess>y to obs]ve fur!r1 t 9 ! same way z philosophy loses sight ( its true object & appropriate matt]1 :5 ei!r x passes into & m]ges 9 !ology1 or m$dles ) ext]nal politics1 s also does x m> its prop] =m :5 x attempts to mimic ! rigor\s me?od ( ma!matics4 ,9 ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury sc>cely 0 !re to be f\nd a ,g]man manual = any ( ! sci5ces t did n ape ! ma!matical /yle1 & :]e e s+le position 9 ! long array ( int]m9able p>agraphs did n conclude ) ! solemn act ( demon/rative phraseology4 ,b x is also well kn[n t ! philosophy :i* 0 prop\nd$ 9 ?is inappropriate =m & me?od 0 cramm$ full (1 nay1 r1 0 h>dly any ?+ m ?an a tissue ( arbitr>y1 n[ =gott51 hypo!ses1 :i* h n br\ght ! _w at all ne>] to ! tru?--n at lea/ to t tru? :i* philosophy is 9 se>* (1 & :i* is some?+ high] ?an a m]e example ( accurate computation4 ,& ev5 9 ! pres5t day--al?\gh1 inde$1 ! application is made 9 a v diff]5t way f =m]ly--,g]man philosophy is any ?+ b free f ^? algebraic =mul>ies1 9 :i* all ?+s1 ev5 ! mo/ opposite1 admit ( be+ compris$ & bl5d$ toge!r4 ,b1 be x z x may1 ?is elaborate /ructure ( me*anical demon/ration c nev] produce a true1 intr9sic1 & full conviction4 ,! me?od :i* philosophy really requires is q diff]5t1 be+ absolutely int]nal & intellectual 7gei/ige74 ,z 9 a correct ar*itectural /ructure x is necess>y t all its p>ts %\ld be 9 unison1 & su* z ! eye c take 9 easily & agreeably1 s 9 e philosophical communication1 ! solid simple basis be+ laid1 ! arrangem5t ( all ! p>ts1 & ! c>eful rejection & exclusion ( all =eign matt]1 is ! mo/ ess5tial po9t1 bo? = int]nal correctness & ext]nal p]spicuity4 ,b1 9 tru?1 ! matt] 9 h& be>s a f> clos] resemblance & aff9ity to natural objects :i* live & gr[1 ?an to any lifeless edifice ( /one2 to a great tree1 = in/ance1 nobly & beautifully spread+ out on all sides 9 its _m arms & bran*es4 ,z su* a tree /rikes ! ha/y & pass+ glance1 x =ms a some:at irregul> & n /rictly f9i%$ :ole2 !re x /&s1 j z ! /em has %ot up f ! root1 & has divid$ itself into a c]ta9 numb] ( bran*es1 & twigs1 & leaves1 :i* liv+ly move backw>d & =w>d 9 ! free air4 ,b exam9e x m closely1 & h[ p]fect appe>s its :ole /ructure6 h[ wond]ful ! symmetry1 h[ m9utely regul> ! organization ( all its p>ts1 ev5 ( ea* little leaf & delicate fib]6 ,9 ! same way w ! ev]-gr[+ tree ( human consci\sness & life appe> 9 philosophy1 :5ev] x is n torn f its roots & /ripp$ ( its leaves by a pret5d$ wisdom1 b is vividly appreh5d$ by a true sci5ce1 & exhibit$ & pres5t$ to ! m9d 9 its life & its gr[?4 ,n only1 h[ev]1 ! arrangem5t ( ! :ole1 b also ! connection ( ! sev]al p>ts ( a philosophical treatise or developm5t1 is ( a high] k9d ?an any m]e me*anical jo9+1 su*1 = in/ance1 z t by :i* two pieces ( wood are nail$ or glu$ toge!r4 ,if ,i mu/ illu/rate ?is connection by a simile f animat$ nature1 ! facts ( magnetism w be/ s]ve my purpose4 ,once magnetically excit$1 ! iron ne$le comes into invisible contact & connection ) ! :ole globe & its opposite poles2 & ?is magnetic clew has guid$ ! bold circumnavigator into new & unkn[n regions ( ! _w4 ,n[1 ! intr9sic vital coh]5ce ( ! sev]al ?\ghts ( philosophy resembles ?is magnetic attraction2 & no su* rude1 me*anical1 &1 9 fact1 m]e ext]nal conjunction ( ?\ght1 l t lately allud$ to1 c satisfy ! requirem5ts ( philosophical connection4 ,b ! supreme intr9sic unity ( philosophical ?\ght1 or ( a philosophical s]ies ( ideas1 is q diff]5t f e ?+ hi!rto m5tion$4 ,x belongs n to nature1 b to life2 x is n d]iv$ f ! latt] by way ( figure or illu/ration1 b is a "p & con/itu5t ( x1 & goes to ! v root & soil ( ! moral life4 ,:at ,i mean is1 ! unity ( s5tim5t--! fix$ "*1 rema9+ ev] ! same & true to itself--! inn] necess>y sequ5ce ( ! ?\ghts--:i*1 9 life no less ?an 9 ! sy/em & philosophical !ory1 inv>iably makes a great & pr(\nd impression on our m9ds1 & comm&s our respect1 ev5 :5 x does n c>ry along ) x our convictions4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is dep5d5t on no =m1 & no m]e me?od c atta9 to x4 ,h[ (t51 = in/ance1 9 "s fam\s political h>angue1 :i* p]haps ! speak]1 l ! rhapsodi/ ( old1 p\r$ =? on ! spur ( ! mom5t1 d we at once recognize & admire ?is "* 9 ! ?\ghts1 ?is consi/5cy ( s5tim5t8 ,h[ (t51 on ! contr>y1 9 ano!r compos$ ) ! mo/ exquisite rese>* & /rict me?od1 & app>5tly a f> m elaborate & f9i%$ creation ( ! intellect1 we h only to pi]ce ?r\gh ! sy/ematic ext]ior to f9d t x is no?+ b an ill-connect$ & *ance-m$ley ( conflict+ assumptions & op9ions tak5 f all qu>t]s1 & ! crude views ( ! au?or himself1 devoid ( all solidity1 & re/+ on no firm basis1 )\t "*1 & :olly de/itute ( true intr9sic unity8 ,if n[1 9 ! pres5t c\rse ( ,lectures1 ,i %all succe$ 9 lay+ be=e y my subject 9 t cle>ness & di/9ctness :i* are necess>y to enable y to compreh5d ! :ole1 &1 :ile tak+ a survey ( x1 to judge ( ! agreem5t ( ! sev]al p>ts1 y w f9d1 ,i tru/1 no difficulty 9 discov]+ ! fundam5tal idea & s5tim5t4 ,& fur!r1 ,i w\ld v5ture to entreat y n to judge ha/ily ( ?is s5tim5t f s+le expressions1 & lea/ ( all at ! v outset1 b1 wait+ = its progressive developm5t1 to judge ( x on ! :ole4 ,la/ly1 ,i w\ld also indulge a hope t ! views ( an individual ?9k]1 if p]spicu\sly enunciat$1 may1 ev5 :]e !y fail ( conviction1 & ?\gh po9ts ( diff]5ce /ill subsi/1 produce no revolt+ impression on y\r m9ds2 b1 by ex]cis+ a heal+ influ5ce on _m a rankl+ w\nd 9 ?\ght & life1 produce among u "s ( ! faire/ fruits ( true philosophy4 ,hi!rto we h be5 consid]+1 fir/ ( all1 ! object & prop] sph]e ( ! philosophy ( life2 &1 secondly1 its appropriate =m ( communication1 z well z all o!r me?ods :i* are ali5 & =eign to x4 ,( great & decisive importance = ! :ole c\rse & fur!r developm5t ( philosophical inquiry is x to det]m9e1 9 ! next place1 ! />t+-po9t f :i* x ought to set out4 ,x w n d to believe t we h f\nd ?is 9 any axiom or po/ulate su* z are usually plac$ at ! head ( a sy/em4 ,= su* a purpose we mu/ r inve/igate ! inmo/ f\ndation--! root out ( :i* spr+s ! *>act]i/ic feature ( a philosophical view4 ,n[1 9 ! philosophy ( life ! :ole consci\sness1 ) all its diff]5t phases & faculties1 mu/ inevitably be tak5 = ! f\ndation1 ! s\l be+ consid]$ z ! c5t] !re(4 ,?is simple basis be+ once laid1 x may be fur!r develop$ 9 v diff]5t ways4 ,= x is1 ,i might almo/ say1 a matt] ( indiff]5ce f :at po9t 9 ! circumf]5ce or p]iph]y we set out 9 ord] to arrive at ! c5t]1 ) ! design ( giv+ a fur!r developm5t to ?is z ! f\ndation ( ! :ole4 ,b 9 ord] to illu/rate ?is simple me?od ( /udy+ life f its true c5tral po9t1 :i* is int]m$iate betwe5 ! two wrong c\rses already indicat$1 & 9 ord] to make1 by contra/1 my mean+ ! pla9]1 ,i w\ld "h1 9 a few words1 *>act]ize ! false />t+-po9t f :i* ! prevail+ philosophy ( a day--:e!r t ( ,france 9 ! eighte5? c5tury or ! m rec5t sy/ems ( ,g]many--has hi!rto1 = ! mo/ "p1 proce$$4 ,false d ,i call x1 bo? on acc\nt ( ! results to :i* x has l$1 & also ( its own intr9sic nature4 ,9 "o case z well z 9 ! o!r1 ! />t+-po9t 0 inv>iably "s controv]t$ po9t ( ! reason--"s opposition or o!r to ! legitimacy ( ! reason--"u :i* t]m1 h[ev]1 little else g5]ally 0 und]/ood ?an an opposition ( ! reason itself to "s o!r pr9ciple equally valid & ext5sive4 ,! pr9cipal1 or1 r1 only way :i* =eign philosophy took 9 ?is pursuit1 0 to r$uce e ?+ to s5sation z oppos$ to reason1 & to d]ive e ?+ f x alone1 s z to make ! reason itself m]ely a second>y faculty1 no orig9al & indep5d5t p[]1 & ultimately no?+ else ?an a sort ( *emical precipitate & residuum f ! mat]ial impressions4#c ,b h[ev] mu* may be conc$$ to ^! & to ! ext]nal s5ses1 & h[ev] great a %>e !y may ju/ly claim 9 ! :ole inn] prop]ty ( ! ?9k+ man1 /ill x is evid5t t ! p]ception ( ^! s5su\s impressions1 ! inn] coh]5ce--9 %ort1 ! unity ( ! consci\sness 9 :i* !y are collect$--c nev]1 z inde$ x has (t5 be5 object$ on ! o!r side1 h come into ! m9d f )\t4 ,?is 0 n1 h[ev]1 ! end :i* ?is doctr9e _h exclusively1 or ev5 pr9cipally1 9 view4 ,! ultimate result to :i* !y hop$ to come by ! aid ( ?is premise 0 simply ! negation ( ! supras5sible4 ,:atev] 9 any degree transc5ds ! mat]ial impression1 or s5su\s exp]i5ce1 z well z all possible k (1 & fai? !re91 n m]ely 9 respect to a positive religion1 b absolutely :atev] is noble1 beautiful1 & great--:atev] c lead ! m9d to1 or c be ref]r$ to a some?+ supras5sible & div9e--all ?is1 :]ev] x may be f\nd1 :e!r 9 life or ?\ght1 9 hi/ory or 9 nature--ay1 ev5 9 art itself--x 0 ! ultimate object ( ?is =eign philosophy to decry1 to involve 9 d\bt1 to attack & to ov]?r[1 & to br+ d[n to ! level ( ! common & mat]ial1 or to plunge x into ! skeptical abyss ( absolute unbelief4 ,! fir/ /ep 9 ?is sy/em 0 a seem+ subord9ation ( reason to s5sation1 z a d]ivative ( x--a m]e sl\gh :i* x ?r[s (f 9 its trans=mations4 ,aft]w>d1 h[ev]1 ! w>f>e aga9/ ! supras5sible 0 wag$ entirely ) ! arms ( reason itself4 ,! reason1 inde$1 :i* suppli$ ^! weapons 0 n "o sci5tifically cultivat$ & morally regulat$1 b ?or\ghly sophi/ical & :olly p]v]t$1 :i*1 h[ev]1 put into requisition all ! weapons ( a brilliant b skeptical wit1 & mov$ 9 ! ev]-v>i$ turn+s ( a mo/ +5i\s & attractive /yle4 ,"h1 :]e ! "q 0 no long] ! abrogation ( any s+le dogma ( positive religion1 b :]e ! opposition to ! div9e _h become ! rul+ t5d5cy ( philosophy1 x is n easy to refra9 f *>act]iz+ x z a!i/ical--:at1 inde$1 9 its inmo/ _s x really 01 & also hi/orically prov$ itself by its results4 ,! o!r c\rse adopt$ by ,fr5* philosophy1 9 ! times imm$iately prec$+ ! ,revolution1 0 to lay aside ! weapons ( wit1 & to employ a burn+ eloqu5ce z m likely to attract & to c>ry away m9ds naturally noble4 ,x _h1 consequ5tly1 if possible1 /ill m fatal results ?an ! =m]4 ,! reason1 z ! peculi> "* ( man 9 a civiliz$ /ate--s x 0 argu$--is l civiliz$ man himself1 an artificial creation1 & 9 its ess5ce totally unnatural2 & ! savage /ate ( nature is ! only "o prop]ly adapt$ to man4 ,z ! means ( emancipation f an artificial & corrupt civilization1 ! well-kn[n !ory ( ! social contract 0 advanc$4 ,our :ole age has le>n$ de>ly en\gh ! lesson1 t ?is dogma1 practically appli$ on a l>ge scale1 may1 inde$1 lead to a despotism ( lib]ty1 & to ! lu/ ( conque/1 b c z little effect ! re-e/abli%m5t ( a true civilization z x c br+ back ! /ate ( nature4 ,x w\ld be a "w ( sup]]ogation to dwell ^u ! p]nici\s results or ! intr9sic holl[ness ( ?is sy/em4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 wor? :ile to rem>k1 t1 9 ?is !ory also1 ! beg9n+ 0 made ) an opposition to reason4 ,/>t+ ) a depreciation ( x z an artificial /ate & a dep>ture f nature1 at ! la/ x ?rew itself1 & ! :ole exi/+ frame ( society1 into ! arms ( reason1 & !reby s\ght to ga9 = ! latt] an unlimit$ au?ority ov] all laws1 bo? human & div9e4 ,a some:at simil> ph5om5on may e :]e be obs]v$1 & ! same c\rse w inv>iably be tak5 :5 philosophy all[s itself to set out ) "s "q or impugn+ ( ! reason1 &1 9 its exclusiv5ess1 makes ?is dialectical faculty ! basis ( its inve/igations4 ,mod]n ,g]man philosophy1 :olly diff]5t f ! ,fr5*1 bo? 9 =m & _s1 has1 f its n>r[ metaphysical sph]e1 be5 ( f> less ext5sive influ5ce2 &1 ev5 if x has occasionally l$ to an>*y1 x has be5 simply an an>*y ( ideas4 ,& yet1 not)/&+ its diff]5t "*1 a simil> c\rse ( inv]sion is noticeable 9 x4 ,beg9n+ ) a /rict1 n to say absolute1 limitation ( ! reason1 & ) an opposition to its assumptions1 x also end$ 9 its inve/iture ) supreme au?ority--n to say 9 its deification4 ,! f\nd]#d ( ! mod]n philosophy ( ,g]many comm5c$ 8 tea*+ ) a l5g?y demon/ration t ! reason is totally incapable ( atta9+ to a k ( ! supras5sible1 & t1 by attempt+ x1 x does b involve itself 9 endless disputes & difficulties4 ,& !n1 on ?is assum$ incompet5cy ( ! reason = ! supras5sible 0 bas$ ! doctr9e ( ! ne$1 ! necessity ( fai?--nay1 fai? itself4#e ,b ?is arbitr>y fai? appe>$ to h b little reliance on itself2 &1 :5 closely view$1 turn$ out to be ! old reason1 :i*1 aft] be+ solemnly displac$ f ! front ( ! philosophical palace1 0 n[ aga91 slightly alt]$ & disguis$1 set up beh9d x z a useful b humble po/]n4 ,dissatisfi$ ) su* a sy/em1 ! philosophical ,me 7,i*1 ,ego7 *ose ano!r & a new road1 t ( absolute sci5ce1#f 9 :i* x might1 f ! v fir/1 d z x pleas$--might blu/] & flu/] at w4 ,b soon x became pla91 t 9 ?is ideali/ic doctr9e !re 0 no room = any b a subjective reason-god devoid ( all objective reality4 ,9 x ! absolute ,ego or ,me ( ea* individual 0 sub/itut$ = & id5tifi$ ) ! div9e4 ,aga9/ ?is c]ta9ty ( ! 8,me10 !re=e1 !re arose fir/ ( all a suspicion1 & la/ly ! reproa* ( a!ism4 ,b1 9 tru?1 we ought to be extremely scrupul\s 9 apply+ ?is t]m 9 all cases :]e ! "q does n turn on a rude d5ial ( ! tru?1 b r on a highly errone\s confusion ( ideas4 ,at lea/1 x w\ld be well if1 9 su* a case1 we 7 to di/+ui% ! imput$ a!ism by ! epi!t ( sci5tific1 9 ord] to indicate !reby t ! c5sure & ! "n apply 9 tru? only to ! error ( ! sy/em1 & n to ! "* ( ! au?or4 ,= ) su* a sci5tific a!ism1 ! /]ne/ /oicism 9 ! moral doctr9e may1 z inde$ 0 actually ! case "h1 be easily comb9$4 ,q we>y1 h[ev]1 ( ! transc5d5t vacuity ( ?is ideal reason & m]e dialectical reason+1 ,g]man philosophy n[ took a diff]5t road4 ,x turn$ m to ! side ( nature1#g 9 ^: arms %e ?rew h]self 9 p]fect admiration1 ?9k+ to f9d !re alone life & ! fullness !re(4 ,n[1 al?\gh ?is new philosophy ( nature has borne _m noble fruits ( sci5ce1 /ill ev5 x has be5 haunt$ by t delusive phantom ( ! ,absolute1 & x is n free f liability to ! reproa* ( a pan!i/ic deification ( ,nature4 ,b prop]ly & accurately speak+1 x 0 n nature itself t 0 set up z ! supreme object ( v5]ation1 b ?is same phantom ( reason1 :i* 0 tak5 z ! basis & fundam5tal pr9ciple ( nature4 ,x 01 9 %ort1 no?+ b ! old metaphysical "o-times-"o#h 9 a some:at novel application & m vivid =m4 ,"h1 !re=e1 also did ! sy/em comm5ce ) a seem+ disgu/ at ! reason1 & ) a subord9ation ( x to nature1 9 ord] to conclude ) ! absolute pr9ciple ( ! reason4 ,view$1 h[ev]1 z a philosophical sci5ce ( nature1 x has r to answ] = "s occasional errors & p]v]se extravagances1 ?an = any ?or\ghly consequ5t & sy/ematic c>ry+ out ( ! +raft$ error into all its p>ts4 ,moreov]1 a broad di/9ction mu/ und\bt$ly be drawn betwe5 its diff]5t advocates & promulgators4 ,9 ^! la/ days ,g]man philosophy has1 9 a measure at lea/1 rev]t$ aga9 into ! empty vacuum ( ! absolute idea4#i ,! latt]1 inde$1 & ! idol ( absolute reason :i* is en%r9$ !re91 is no m a m]e inw>d conception1 b is objectively und]/ood & set up z ! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( all entity4 ,b /ill1 :5 we consid] h[ ! ess5ce ( m9d is expressly made to consi/ 9 negation1 & h[ also ! _s ( negation is pr$om9ant ?r\gh ! :ole sy/em1 a /ill worse sub/itution appe>s to h tak5 place1 inasmu* z1 in/ead ( ! liv+ ,god1 ?is _s ( negation1 s oppos$ to ,him1 is1 9 errone\s ab/raction1 set up & made a god (4 ,"h1 !re=e1 z well z else:]e1 a metaphysical lie assumes ! place ( a div9e reality4 ,?us1 !n1 d we e :]e obs]ve a /range int]nal correspond5ce & aff9ity betwe5 ! sev]al ab]rations ( our age4 ,"h ! remote/ m5tal extremes1 :i* ext]nally seem to repel ea* o!r1 sudd5ly conv]ge at ! same po9t ( delusive light1 or r ( brilliant d>kness4 ,in/ances ( ?is correspond5ce />tle u :]e we lea/ expect to meet ) !m4 ,an ,engli% poet1#aj p]haps ! greate/1 c]ta9ly ! mo/ rem>kable poet ( our age1 9 8 tragic del9eation ( ! olde/ fratricide1 has portray$ ! prime mov] ( ?is de$1 ! enemy ( ! human race1 & ! k+ ( ! bottomless pit1 z ! bold c5sur] ( ! div9e ord] ( ?+s1 & ! head ( all discont5t$ spirits1 & lead] ( ! opposition ( ! :ole creation4 ,9 ?is light he has pa9t$ him ) unp>allel$ boldness1 & ) su* mov+ & a/oni%+ tru?fulness1 t all previ\s descriptions by ! greate/ poets seem b arbitr>y & unreal phantoms :5 comp>$ ) ?is portrait1 :i* 0 evid5tly a favorite sket*1 = ! au?or's secret p>tiality betrays itself 9 ! skill & pa9s ) :i* he has lavi%$ on ?is d>k figure all ! magic colors ( 8 fancy4 ,?us1 !n1 9 ?is poetic creation1 ! same ho/ile pr9ciple--! same absolute1 i4e41 evil _s ( negation & contradiction t =ms ! consummation ( ! errors ( ,g]man philosophy1 not)/&+ its ab/ract un9telligibility--is en?ron$ amid ! disord]$ sy/em4 ,& s1 by a /range law ( 8pre-e/abli%$ h>mony10 ! anti-,*ri/ian poet & ^! anti-,*ri/ian ?9k]s unexpect$ly meet toge!r at ! po9t ( a spuri\s sublimity4 ,9 any case1 h[ev]1 ?is la/ in/ance =ms ! ?ird /age ( ideali/ic confusion1 & c]ta9ly ! la/ grade ( sci5tific a!ism4 ,n[1 briefly to recapitulate my own convictions & my view ( ! relation subsi/+ betwe5 ! philosophy ( life :i* ,i propose to set be=e y1 & ! preval5t philosophy & sci5ce ( ! age1 ! foll[+ few rem>ks w suffice4 ,i honor & admire ! discov]ies s pregnant ) important results :i* natural philosophy has made 9 our days1 b especially ! gigantic /rides :i* ! /udy ( nature 9 ,france has tak52 s f>1 at lea/1 z !y conta9 & h e/abli%$ a real & solid advance ( human sci5ce2 s f>1 too1 z ,i am acqua9t$ ) !m1 & 9 my sph]e und]/& !m4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i c n b take exception to t admixture ( mat]ialism :i* has be5 infus$ into !m by ! rul+ philosophical sy/em ( a previ\s age1 :i* 9 ,france has /ill s _m foll[]s4 ,i honor1 too1 & love ,g]man sci5ce1 ) its dilig5t & compreh5sive rese>*4 ,nay1 ,i value ! natural philosophy ( ,g]many ev5 /ill m ?an t ( ,france1 s9ce1 :ile x adopts ! same great discov]ies1 x views !m 9 a m spiritual light4 ,z = t ideali/ic j>gon1 h[ev]1 :i* runs p>allel & is int]wov5 ) x1 on :i*1 inde$1 x 0 orig9ally bas$1 & f :i* ev5 n[ x is any ?+ b cle>--?is ,i c n reg>d 9 any o!r light ?an1 :at x really is1 an intellectual delusion ( ! mo/ p]nici\s k9d1 & "o :i* w inevitably produce ! mo/ de/ructive & fatal consequ5ces on ! human m9d4 ,:at has be5 n[ said w suffice = our notice ( ! oppos+ sy/ems ( philosophy4 ,h5ce=w>d we %all h no ne$ to turn our looks to ?is side1 b %all be able to give our att5tion solely & calmly to ! developm5t ( t :i* ,i h already ann\nc$1 & h n[ to communicate to y4 ,previ\sly1 h[ev]1 to ent]+ ^u ?is subject1 x seem$ to me advisable1 by contra/+ ! false />t+-po9t ) ! true c5t] ( philosophy1 to set ! latt] be=e y 9 a cle>] & di/9ct] light4 ,! dialectical faculty ( ab/raction is naturally ! pr$om9ant "o1 & ! mo/ completely evolv$ 9 ! ?9k+ m9d4 ,accord+ly1 mo/ ?9k]s h set x up z ! basis ( _! speculations1 9 ord] to arrive ! m rapidly at ! desir$ end ( an absolute sci5ce2 or1 if ! habit ( m9d be m dispos$ t way1 at an absolute n-kn[+1 & ! rejection ( all c]ta9ty2 :i*1 9 ! ma91 is q z false1 &1 9 ?is respect1 id5tical ) ! =m]4 ,b x is n suffici5t to foll[ any su* a p>tial c\rse1 & to />t f any "o side m]ely ( ! human consci\sness4 ,on ! "r & sure road ( a complete & ?or\gh inve/igation1 our fir/ duty is to /udy ! human consci\sness 9 its fullness & liv+ developm5t1 9 all its faculties & p[]s4 ,& !n1 9 ! second place1 :51 by ?us assum+ a position 9 ! c5t]1 man has enabl$ himself to take a complete survey ( ! :ole1 he may unque/ionably proce$ to inquire :at k9d & :at degree ( k1 ) su* a consci\sness1 he is capable ( atta9+1 bo? ( ! ext]nal _w & ( ! supras5sible1 & h[ f> ! latt] is conceivable & its exi/5ce possible4 ,n[1 j z g5]ally ! s\l is ! pr9ciple ( all life 9 nature1 s is ! ?9k+ s\l ! c5t] ( ! human consci\sness4 ,b 9 ! ?9k+ s\l is compris$ ! reason :i* di/+ui%es1 comb9es1 & inf]s1 no less ?an ! fancy :i* devises1 inv5ts1 & sugge/s4 ,/&+ 9 ! c5t] betwe5 ! two1 ! ?9k+ s\l embraces bo? faculties4 ,b x also =ms ! turn+-po9t ( transition betwe5 ! und]/&+ & ! w2 &1 z ! connect+ l9k1 fills up ! gulf :i* o!rwise w\ld lie betwe5 & divide ! two4 ,x comprises1 also1 all sorts & degrees ( conceptions1 f ! absolutely necess>y1 precisely def9ite1 & p]man5tly un*angeable1 d[n to ^? :i* arise & pass away half involunt>ily--f ^? 9 no degree cle>ly develop$ up to ^? :i* h be5 advanc$ to ! highe/ cle>ness ( ! und]/&+--^? :i* are witness$ ) a calm indiff]5ce1 & ^? also :i* excite a g5tle long+ or k9dle a burn+ resolve4 ,! ?9k+ s\l is ! common /ore-h\se :]e ! :ole ( ^! conceptions are successively lodg$4 ,inde$1 to describe x 9 g5]al t]ms1 x is b ! inn] pulse ( ?\ght1 correspond+ to ! pulsation ( ! blood 9 ! liv+ body4 ,?is g5]al description1 x mu/ be confess$1 is v f> f be+ an adequate explanation ( ! matt]1 & at be/ does b imp]fectly convey our mean+4 ,b p]haps a diff]5t l9e ( ?\ght1 h[ev] bold & haz>d\s x may seem1 may br+ u f> m simply to ! po9t at pres5t 9 view--a m accurate description1 namely1 ( ! peculi> prop]ty ( ! human m9d1 & ( ! *>act]i/ic feature :i* di/+ui%es man f o!r be+s equally f9ite1 b end[$ 9 ! same mann] ) consci\sness4 ,t ! rational s\l1 or ! reason1 di/+ui%es him f ! brutes1 is a rem>k common & trite en\gh4 ,b ?is is only "o aspect ( ! matt]3 & mu/ we always ca/ our looks d[nw>d1 & nev] upw>d8 ,:at ,i mean is ?is3 suppos+ t !re are o!r creat$ spirits & f9ite intellig5ces besides m51 might n ! comp>ison ( _! purely spiritual consci\sness ) man's s]ve1 p]haps 9 an em95t degree1 to elucidate ! di/9ctive prop]ties ( ! human consci\sness 9 t o!r aspect :i* is too commonly neglect$8 ,i am f> f int5d+ to make ?is matt] a subject ( inve/igation 9 ! pres5t place4 ,i take x m]ely z an hypo!sis1 w>rant$1 inde$1 by univ]sal tradition1 & solely z an aid to elucidate ! matt] 9 h&4 ,univ]sal1 h[ev]1 ,i may well call ?is tradition1 s9ce1 agree+ 9 ! ma9 ) :at ,holy ,writ ass]ts1 ! olde/ & mo/ civiliz$ nations ( antiquity 7among :om ,i ne$ only m5tion ! ,egyptians1 & especially ! ,p]sians & ! ,h9doos7 h admitt$1 z a well-e/abli%$ fact1 ! exi/5ce ( su* f9ite intellig5ces & creat$ spirits1 invisible inde$ to man1 b n altoge!r ali5 to him4 ,& z = ! ,greeks & ,romans1 if occasionally !y allude to ! g5ius ( ,socrates z some?+ /range & s+ul>1 ?is 0 only because ! wise ,a!nian spoke ( ?is subject 9 peculi> language1 & ref]r$ to x m habitually ?an 0 ! wont ( 8 c\ntrym5 & cotempor>ies4 ,o!rwise x 0 ! g5]al belief1 bo? ( ,greeks & ,romans1 t e man has 8 gu>dian _s or g5ius4 ,n[ ?is hypo!sis be+ once admitt$ to be possible1 let u inquire 9 :at light 7 ^! anci5ts accu/om$ to reg>d1 & :at ought we to conceive ( ! peculi> nature ( ^! spiritual be+s 9 con=mity ) ! repres5tation ( s univ]sal a tradition8 ,n[1 9 ! fir/ place1 !y h always be5 ?\ght ( z pure spiritual be+s1 hav+ no su* gross t]re/rial body z man has4 ,at lea/1 if !y 7 suppos$ to require & possess a body z ! organ & m$ium ( _! spiritual op]ations1 x 0 consid]$ to be ( a special k9d--an e!real body ( light1 b invisible to ! human eye4 ,b ?is incorporeity is little m ?an a negative quality4 ,a m positive & a pr(\nd] di/9ction lies p]haps 9 ?is1 t ^! pure spiritual be+s are :olly free f t weakness ( "*1 or frailty1 :i* is s peculi> to man4 ,t p]vad+ int]nal mutability1 t undecid$ vacillation betwe5 do+ & lett+ alone1 t reciprocation betwe5 ef=t & relaxation--! wide gulf betwe5 volition & execution1 ! ?\ght & ! c>ry+ into effect--no?+ ( all ?is admits ( be+ appli$ or transf]r$ to ^! pure spiritual be+s )\t contradict+ ! v idea ( _! ess5ce4 ,x is ?us only1 or n at all1 t we c conceive ( !m4 ,com+ & go+ l ! lightn+1 & rapid z ! light1 !y nev] gr[ we>y ( _! endless activity4 ,!y ne$ no re/1 except ! spiritual contemplation :i* con/itutes _! ess5ce4 ,all _! ?\ghts are m>k$ ) unity & id5tity4 ,) !m ! conception is at ! same "t a de$1 & ! purpose & ! execution are simultane\s4 ,e ?+1 too1 9 !m has ! /amp ( et]nity4 ,?is pr]ogative1 h[ev]1 has1 x mu/ be confess$1 its disadvantages4 ,:5 once !y h deviat$ f ! true c5t]1 !y g on =ev] 9 _! devi\s c\rse4 ,b /ill1 all ?is is little m ?an a description ( ! :ole idea :i* ,i h all[$ myself1 m]ely ) a view ( employ+ x z a passage to ! po9t :i* is at pres5t 9 "q4 ,t purpose 01 on ! supposition ( ! exi/5ce ( su* sup]ior be+s1 accurately to indicate :i* ( man's p[]s1 or faculties ( m9d & s\l1 may rightly be attribut$ to !m4 ,n[1 to my m9d1 ! di/9ction is v /rik+ly sugge/$ 9 ! well-kn[n s5tim5t ( "o ( our fam\s poets4 ,?us he addresses man--8,?y k ?\ %>e/ ) sup]ior be+s20 sup]ior1 = 9 ! cle>ness ( _! et]nal sci5ce !y und\bt$ly /& f> high] ?an m53 & !n he cont9ues1 8,b art ?\ ha/ alone40#aa ,b1 n[1 :at else is art ?an fancy become visible1 & assum+ a bodily %ape1 or ^w1 or s\nd8 ,x is1 !re=e1 ?is nimble-foot$1 _m-%ap$1 ev]-inv5tive fancy1 :i* =ms ! dang]\s pr]ogative ( man1 & c n be ascrib$ to ^! pure spiritual be+s4 ,& z little ju/ifiable w\ld x be to ascribe to !m t human reason1 ) its employm5t ( means1 & its sl[ processes ( d$uction & comp>ison4 ,in/ead ( ?is1 !y possess ! intuitive und]/&+1 9 :i* to see & to und]/& are simultane\s & id5tical4 ,if1 !n1 9 an accurate s5se ( ! t]ms1 nei!r fancy nor reason belongs to !m1 x w\ld fur!r be wrong to attribute !m a s\l z di/9ct f ! m9d or _s1 & z be+ r a passive faculty ( inw>d productiv5ess1 & *ange1 & int]nal gr[?4 ,briefly to recapitulate :at has be5 said3 ,! exi/5ce ( ! brutes is simple1 because 9 !m ! s\l is completely mix$ up & m]g$ 9 ! organic body1 & is "o ) x2 on ! de/ruction ( ! latt] x rev]ts to ! elem5ts1 or is absorb$ 9 ! g5]al s\l ( nature4 ,tw(old1 h[ev]1 is ! nature ( creat$ spirits1 :o besides ?is e!real body ( light are no?+ b m9d or _s2 b ?reefold is ! nature ( man1 z consi/+ ( _s1 s\l1 & body4#ab ,& ?is triple con/itution & prop]ty1 ?is ?reefold life ( man1 is1 inde$1 n 9 itself t pre-em95ce1 al?\gh x is closely connect$ ) t sup]ior excell5ce :i* ennobles & di/+ui%es man f all o!r creat$ be+s4 ,i allude to t pr]ogative by :i* he alone ( all creat$ be+s is inve/$ ) ! ,div9e image & lik5ess4 ,?is ?reefold pr9ciple is ! simple basis ( all philosophy2 & ! philosophical sy/em :i* is con/ruct$ on su* a f\ndation is ! philosophy ( life1 :i* !re=e has ev5 8words ( life40 ,x is no idle speculation1 & no un9telligible hypo!sis4 ,x is n m difficult1 & ne$s n to be m obscure1 ?an any o!r disc\rse on spiritual subjects2 b x c & may be z easy & z cle> z ! read+ ( a writ+1 ! obs]vation ( nature1 & ! /udy ( hi/ory4 ,= x is1 9 tru?1 no?+ else ?an a simple !ory ( spiritual life1 drawn f life itself1 & ! simple und]/&+ !re(4 ,if1 h[ev]1 x becomes ab/ract & un9telligible1 ?is is inv>iably a consequ5ce1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 an infallible pro( ( its hav+ fall5 into error4 ,:5 9 ?\ght we place be=e u ! :ole composite human individual1 !n1 aft] _s & s\l1 ! organic body is ! ?ird con/itu5t1 or ! ?ird elem5t out ( :i*1 9 comb9ation ) ! o!r two1 ! :ole man consi/s & is comp\nd$4 ,b ! /ructure ( ! organic body1 its p[]s & laws1 mu/ be left to physical sci5ce to inve/igate4 ,philosophy is ! sci5ce ( consci\sness alone4 ,x has1 !re=e1 prim>ily to occupy itself ) s\l & _s1 or m9d1 & mu/ c>efully gu>d aga9/ transgress+ its limits 9 any respect4 ,b ! ?ird con/itu5t beside m9d & s\l1 9 :i* ^! two jo9tly c>ry on _! op]ations1 ne$s n always1 z inde$ ! above in/ance proves1 to be an organic body4 ,9 o!r relations ( life1 ?is ?ird1 9 :i* bo? are unit$1 or :i* !y 9 unison produce1 may be ! ^w1 ! de$1 life itself1 or ! div9e ord] on :i* bo? are dep5d5t4 ,^!1 !n1 are ! subjects :i* ,i h propos$ = consid]ation4 ,b 9 ord] to complete ?is scale ( life1 ,i w fur!r obs]ve--triple is ! nature ( man1 b f\rfold is ! human consci\sness4 ,= ! _s or m9d1 l ! s\l1 divides & falls asund]2 or1 r1 is split & divid$ into two p[]s1 or halves--! m9d1 namely1 into und]/&+ & w1 ! s\l into reason & fancy4 ,^! are ! f\r extreme po9ts1 or1 if ! expression be pref]r$1 ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! inn] _w ( consci\sness4 ,all o!r faculties ( ! s\l1 or p[]s ( m9d1 are m]ely subord9ate ramifications ( ! f\r pr9cipal bran*es2 b ! liv+ c5t] ( ! :ole is ! ?9k+ s\l4 ,,lecture ,,ii4 ,,( ,,! ,,lov+ ,,s\l ,,z ,,! ,,c5t] ,,( ,,! ,,moral ,,life2 ,,& ,,( ,,m>riage4 ,! developm5t ( ! human consci\sness1 accord+ to ! triple pr9ciple ( its exi/5ce1 or ( its nature z comp\nd$ ( _s or m9d1 s\l1 & animat$ body1 mu/ beg9 ) ! s\l1 & n ) ! _s1 ev5 ?\gh ! latt] be ! mo/ important & supreme4 ,= ! s\l is ! fir/ grade 9 ! progress ( developm5t4 ,9 actual life1 also1 x is ! beg9n+ & ! p]man5t f\ndation1 z well z ! prim>y root ( ! collective consci\sness4 ,! developm5t ( ! _s or m9d ( man is mu* lat]1 be+ fir/ evolv$ 9 or out (1 by occasion (1 or ) ! co-op]ation ( ! s\l4 ,b ev5 :5 ?us develop$1 ! m9d 7"u :i* t]m we comprise ! w1 z well z ! und]/&+7 is nei!r 9 all m51 nor always 9 ! same individual1 equally active4 ,9 ?is respect we may apply to x :at has be5 said ( ! w9d1 :i* imp>ts vital motion & fre%ness to all ! objects ( outw>d nature3 we 8he> ! s\nd !re(1 b we c n tell :5ce x comes1 nor :i!r x goe?40#ac ,! ?9k+ s\l1 on ! contr>y1 is1 prop]ly speak+1 always1 ?\gh sil5tly1 work+2 & x is highly probable t x is nev] )\t conceptions4 ,( ^!1 inde$1 x may ei!r possess a cle> or an almo/ totally indi/9ct consci\sness1 accord+ to t pr9ciple ( unconsci\s repres5tations prop\nd$ z a fundam5tal axiom ( psy*ology by a great ,g]man philosoph]#ad ( e>li] times1 ) ^: op9ions ,i (t5 f9d myself agree+1 & ) :om1 be=e all o!r m51 ,i w\ld mo/ gladly concur4 ,appli$ to ! alt]nat+ /ates ( sleep+ & wak+ 9 ! outw>d organic life1 ?is w\ld m]ely mean t 9 sleep we always dream1 ev5 at ^? times :5 our vision leaves no traces on our memory4 ,! great majority ( dreams1 ev5 ^? :i* 9 ! mom5t ( awak5+ we /ill rememb]1 are absolutely no?+ b ! conjo9t impression ( ! bodily tone & ! ev]-v>y+ temp]am5t ( life & heal?1 & ( ! disord]ly repetition ( su* ideas z previ\sly to sleep+ _h pr9cipally engag$ ! att5tion4 ,n[1 s9ce e opposite comes ne> to its correlative 9 "o or m po9ts ( contact1 :i*1 z !y e/abli%1 also s]ve to ma9ta9 ! relation%ip betwe5 ! two1 s ! /ate ( ! s\l 9 dream+ w s]ve /rik+ly to illu/rate its wak+ action4 ,( ! great multitude ( dreams1 :i* are = ! mo/ "p confus$ & unmean+1 "s occasionally /& out f ! re/ extremely cle> & well-connect$1 9 :i* ! feel+s (t5times discov] a pr(\nd significance1 or :i*1 at lea/1 z significant images1 int]e/ ! fancy4 ,& j 9 ! same mann] 9 ! /ate ( wak+ !re passes be=e ! s\l no inconsid]able numb] ( obscure & vague conceptions1 :i* are n mu* if at all cle>] or m me?odically dispos$ ?an ! tra9 ( images :i* 9 a dream succe$ "o ano!r )\t ! lea/ intr9sic ord] or connection4 ,/ill we %\ld greatly err 7 we to assume1 t l ! latt] !y leave no trace beh9d !m on ! s\l4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 ^! undevelop$ beg9n+s ( ?\ght !re (t5 lies ! g]m ( v def9ite ideas1 & especially ( ! v>i\s peculi>ities ( m5tal "*1 z also ( ! impulses & det]m9ation :i*1 at fir/ sl[ly & spontane\sly =m$1 ev5tuate 9 "s def9ite susceptibility or direction ( ! w4 ,n[1 z ! ext]nal life ( man alt]nates betwe5 ! wak+ activity & ! /ate ( repose 9 sleep1 s1 too1 ! ?9k+ s\l is divid$ betwe5 ! ab/ract+ & classify+ ,reason & ! inv5tive ,fancy4#ae ,^! two are1 z x 71 ! halves1 s to speak1 or ! two poles ( ! ?9k+ s\l1 ( :i* ! "o may be reg>d$ z ! positive1 ! o!r z ! negative4 ,9 respect to ! inn] fruitful cogitation itself--to ! orig9ation & production ( ?\ghts--! imag9ation1 z ! reproductive faculty1 is ! positive pole4 ,z = ! fancy1 prop]ly s call$--! poetic fancy1 or t :i* plays an important "p 9 ! incl9ations & passions--x is only a p>ticul> species & op]ation ( ?is faculty1 :i* 9 its g5]al =m also manife/s itself 9 _m o!r directions & sph]es ( human ?\ght & action4 ,to x belongs1 = in/ance1 t tal5t ( ext5sive comb9ation :i* di/+ui%es all ! great discov]]s 9 ma!matics4 ,opposite to ?is productive faculty ( ?\ght1 ! negative pole is =m$ by ! classify+ faculty ( reason1 :i* fur!r elaborates1 closely det]m9es1 & limits ! mat]ials furni%$ to x by ! fancy4 ,?us1 !n1 ! place :i* ! fancy--) all ! p[]s1 emotions1 & impressions :i* belong to x--assumes relatively to ! ext]nal _w1 is subord9ate & m9i/]ial1 s9ce x is only )9 c]ta9 prescrib$ limits t x c duly make use ( its ri* productive en]gies1 realize its inmo/ ideas1 & act ^u !m4 ,"h1 !re=e1 ! fir/ place belongs to ! ord]+ & det]m9+ reason1 & :i* "h ought to hold ! helm4 ,9 ?is respect x may ju/ly be call$ ! regulative faculty4 ,& yet1 s9ce ! reason is1 s to speak1 only "o half ( ! s\l1 x mu/ n pret5d to exclusive au?ority2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 x is b little likely t t :i* we may h set be=e our m9d & imag9ation z ! inn]mo/ wi% ( our he>ts1 w simply on t acc\nt prove inv>iably a real & la/+ good4 ,i call$ ! und]/&+ & ! w1 ! reason & ! fancy1 ! f\r pr9cipal bran*es ( ! human consci\sness1 ( :i* all o!r m5tal p[]s or faculties ( ! s\l1 usually ascrib$ to man1 are b s _m (f%oots4 ,^! o!r p[]s1 h[ev]1 c n ) p]fect propriety be call$ subord9ate1 s9ce 9 ano!r po9t ( view !y may1 p]haps1 be entitl$ to assume a high] rank4 ,assign$#af faculties is1 !re=e1 :at ,i %\ld pref] to t]m !m4 ,n[ ( su* faculties belong+ to ! doma9 ( ! comb9+ & di/+ui%+ reason1 ! memory & ! consci5ce are pre-em95tly to be m5tion$4 ,= ! memory also 9 ano!r way is a comb9+1 j z ! consci5ce is a di/+ui%+ faculty--! latt]1 h[ev]1 be+ s n only 9 ano!r1 b ev5 9 a f> high] s5se4 ,b we mu/ po/pone = ! pres5t ! fur!r consid]ation ( ?is matt]1 & consid] r ^? faculties or functions :i* are "u ! influ5ce (1 or at lea/ imm$iately connect$ )1 ! fancy4 ,^! are ! s5ses1 & ! incl9ations or in/9cts4 ,) reg>d1 !n1 to ! s5ses3 9 ! fir/ place1 ,i w\ld simply call y\r att5tion to ! fact1 t ! triple pr9ciple ( human exi/5ce--accord+ to :i* ! latt] consi/s ( a _s or m9d1 ( a s\l1 & ( a liv+ body or a bodily manife/ation--is repeat$ z x 7 9 m9iature 9 e small] & n>r[] sph]e ( man's consci\sness4 ,?is is especially ! case ) ! ext]nal s5ses4 ,?us view+ !m1 h[ev]1 we %\ld h to reckon b ?ree s5ses in/ead ( ! usual numb] ( five4 ,?is c be manag$ easily en\gh by tak+ ! ?ree l[] & c\nt+ !m z "o1 s9ce !y con/itute pre-em95tly ! corporeal s5se1 z contradi/+ui%$ f ! o!r two1 :i* are bo? high] & m incorporeal4 ,= to ! ?ree l[] s5ses1 n only is a mat]ial contact indisp5sable1 b also1 z 9 ! case ( smell1 a sort ( *emical assimilation ) matt]4 ,no d\bt1 9 ! act ( see+ & he>+ !re is likewise a c]ta9 b imp]ceptible contact ( ! n]ves ( ! eye & e> ) ! waves ( light & ! undulations ( ! air2 b /ill ?is contact is ( a diff]5t k9d f ! =m]1 & ( ano!r & inde$ ( a high] nature1 produc+ ! relations ( tone1 color1 & %ape4 ,n[1 9 ?is classification1 ! eye is ! m9d or _s's s5se = beauty ( =m & grace ( motion4 ,x is s 9 tru?1 n m]ely 9 ^? :o are end[$ ) a ta/e = ! arts or ! arti/ic eye1 b f> m univ]sally1 be+ diffus$ 9 a great] or less degree ?r\gh ! :ole human family4 ,special gifts ( x1 or1 r1 high] ?\gh v>y+ end[m5ts1 are to be f\nd 9 "s highly-favor$ individuals2 & 9 ! same way ! e> = music is n imp>t$ to all :o possess ! g5]al organ ( he>+1 :i* we v prop]ly t]m ! s\l's s5se4 ,! ext]nal s5ses man %>es1 inde$1 9 common ) ! brutes1 9 "s ( :om !y are f\nd ( an exquisite & highly-develop$ susceptibility4 ,b ^! high] end[m5ts ( eye & e>1 & above all ! natural arti/ic feel+ = beauty ( =m1 & ! musical tal5t1 are ! pr]ogatives ( man1 conf]r$ ^u him by 8 peculi> faculty ( fancy4 ,on ?is acc\nt !y1 l t faculty1 are di/ribut$ unequally among m51 ?\gh !y are n on t acc\nt less real & und5iable4 ,! brutes1 ,i said1 d n possess !m4 ,no d\bt !re is a c]ta9 melodi\s rhy?m p]ceptible 9 ! songs ( birds4 ,"s1 also1 ( ! m em95tly docile & sagaci\s ( t]re/ial animals d inde$ ev9ce peculi> signs ( pleasure 9 ! music ( man4 ,/ill ,i w\ld call ?is b s _m s+le1 unconnect$ e*oes or rev]b]ations ( fancy1 s9ce e ?+ l free *oice1 fur!r developm5t1 or intr9sic coh]5ce1 is want+ to !m--all is brok51 abrupt1 & incapable ( be+ =m$ into a :ole4 ,9 ! same mann] ! arti/ic in/9ct & skill ( "s animals exhibits1 no d\bt1 a c]ta9 lik5ess 9 its op]ations to ! rational works ( man1 b /ill x ev] rema9s a resemblance at be/1 & is =ev] divid$ f reason by a wide & impassable gulf4 ,x is1 z x 71 ! indi/9ct trace ( a wea!r-worn & ne>ly oblit]at$ inscription--! dy+ notes ( "s f>-(f music4 ,& h5ce ! agreeable1 b1 at ! same "t1 melan*oly1 impression :i* su* ?+s make ^u our feel+s4 ,a some?+ human seems to be /irr+ 9 !m4 ,!y appe> to revive a fa9t b ne>ly-=gott5 allusion to an orig9ally close & intr9sic relation betwe5 animat$ nature 9 its highe/ developm5ts & man z its =m] ma/] & z ! div9ely-appo9t$ "l ( ! :ole e>?ly creation4 ,b if ! influ5ce & ! op]ation ( ! fancy on ! ext]nal s5ses be ?us indi/9ct & difficult to be trac$1 x is f> m app>5t1 z also f> great] & m decid$1 on ! incl9ations1 in/9cts1 & passions :i* =m ! second class ( ! faculties subord9ate to ! fancy4 ,x c easily be %[n h[ ev5 ! simple/ in/9cts ( self-pres]vation1 & ! gratification ( ! mo/ natural wants1 are 9 man p]ceptibly affect$ by ! work+ ( fancy1 s z to be manifoldly div]sifi$ !reby4 ,b /ill m is ?is ! case ) ! high] impulses & in/9cts1 z confirm$ & /r5g!n$ by use & indulg5ce1 especially :51 9 _! mo/ viol5t & int5se/ developm5t1 !y become passions4 ,=1 9 ?is %ape1 bo? by ?is excess & by ! false direction !y give to ! m5tal p[]s1 orig9ally design$ = nobl] & m exalt$ purposes1 !y =m s _m moral p]v]sities & faults ( "*4 ,i w\ld "h1 9 ! fir/ place1 call y\r att5tion to ! fact1 t 9 all ! passions1 :51 by _! int5sity1 !y become immoral1 ! fancy ex]cises an ess5tial & co-op]at+ influ5ce4 ,&1 9 ! second place1 ,i w\ld rem9d y t 9 ! same way z 9 ! ext]nal s5ses g5]ally1 s also 9 all ! pr9cipal phases ( ill-regulat$ passion1 ! ?reefold pr9ciple ( human exi/5ce manife/s itself once m1 & is ev5 repeat$ anew 9 all ! sev]al =ms & subdivisions ( ^! special sph]es4 ,n[1 ! fir/ ( ^! false t5d5cies & moral infirmities--unb\nd$ pride & haught9ess--is ess5tially a m5tal bl9dness & ab]ration2 & vanity1 ) its delusions1 is ! same disease 9 a l[] & mild] phase4 ,& all w admit t ! s\rce ( ?is moral fail+ is an ov]we5+ love ( self4 ,b 9 self-conceit ! co-op]at+ influ5ce ( fancy is easily & di/9ctly traceable4 ,z to ! second ( ^? infirmities :i* di/ract & di/urb life3 ,i %\ld also be dispos$ to consid] ! s5sual passionat5ess or passionate s5suality z a disease inde$1 b ( a brutaliz+ t5d5cy--an inflammatory habit1 a fev] ( ! s\l1 :i* ei!r sp5ds itself 9 acute & viol5t p>oxysms1 or ) sl[] b c]ta9 progress secretly und]m9es & subv]ts all man's bett] qualities4 ,9 ei!r case1 ! true s\rce ( ! evil--! irresi/ible en]gy & ! false magic ( ?is passion--lies 9 an ov]-excit$1 delud$1 or poison$ fancy4 ,! natural in/9ct itself1 9 s f> z x is inborn & agreeable to nature1 is obnoxi\s to no reproa*4 ,! blame lies altoge!r 9 ! want ( pr9ciple1 or t weakness ( "* :i* half-volunt>ily conc$es to ! m]e in/9ct an unlimit$ au?ority1 or1 at lea/1 is incapable ( ex]cis+ ov] x a due control4 ,! ?ird false direction ( man's in/9cts :i*1 aft] ! two already notic$1 involves human society 9 ! greate/ disord]1 & mo/ fatally di/urbs ! peace ( individuals1 is an unlimit$ love ( ga91 selfi%ness1 & av>ice4 ,no d\bt1 9 a c]ta9 modifi$ & l[] s5se1 ! hope ( advantage or pr(it is ! motive t prompts e ent]prise2 at lea/1 accord+ to ! judgm5t ( ! _w1 no?+ is und]tak5 or transact$ )\t a view to "s object ( a selfi%ness m or less ref9$4 ,b :5 we look to ! wor/ & mo/ viol5t cases ( ?is disease--an insatiable av>ice & a morbid love ( ga91 !n we at once see ! baneful effects :i* ! fancy1 dwell+ exclusively on mat]ial prop]ty & *9k+ co91 has on ?is moral disease1 :]e1 ) ! gold5 treasure1 m9d & s\l are %ut up & buri$1 & bo? completely numb$ & petrifi$1 9 ! same way t1 by c]ta9 organic diseases ( ! body1 ! he>t becomes ossifi$4 ,by ^! p]nici\s passions1 ! high] moral organ ( life is 9 diff]5t ways attack$ & de/roy$4 ,9 ! fir/ case1 t ( ! bl9d+ ( ! m9d by pride & vanity1 ! moral judgm5t is p]v]t$ & falsifi$4 ,9 ! second case1 :]e ! s\l is brutaliz$ by a life ( s5suality1 ! moral s5se is cl\d$1 loses all its delicacy1 & is at la/ totally oblit]at$4 ,9 ! ?ird in/ance1 t ( a ?or\gh numbness ( ! inn] life produc$ by selfi%ness & av>ice1 ! idea ( moral duty is 9 ! end totally lo/1 dies away1 & becomes ext9ct1 :ile ! dead ,mammon is reg>d$ z ! supreme good ( life1 &1 be+ set up z ! sole object ( human ex]tion1 is sub/itut$ = ! be/ & noble/ acquisition ( m9d & s\l4 ,! ?ree passions :i* we h already exam9$ are f\nd$ inde$ on a positive pursuit1 h[ev] false may be ! ext5t or p]v]t$ ! direction 9 :i* x is c>ri$ out4 ,we might n[ proce$ ) our speculation1 &1 progressively develop+ x f ! same po9t ( view1 ext5d & apply x to ! aggressive passions1 :i* are bas$ on a m]ely negative pursuit--! attack1 annihilation1 & de/ruction ( _! objects4 ,i allude to ! passion ( hatr$1 9 its ?ree diff]5t elem5ts or species1 viz41 ang]1 malice1 & rev5ge4 ,b to ent] fur!r ^u su* inve/igations w\ld be inappropriate 9 ! pres5t place4 ,g5]ally1 inde$1 9 t\*+ ^u matt]s s univ]sally kn[n1 my object has be5 m]ely to consid] & exhibit !m f _! psy*ological side1 9 ord] to %[ p>tly h[ ! triple pr9ciple ( human exi/5ce1 accord+ to m9d or _s1 & s\l1 & ! ?ird elem5t1 :]e9 ! =m] two conjo9tly op]ate1 f9ds its application1 & is repeat$1 z x 71 9 m9iature1 9 ! n>r[] sph]e ( ! natural incl9ation1 bo? good & bad1 & also 9 t ( ! ext]nal s5ses4 ,at ! same "t x 0 also my wi% to call att5tion to ! fact1 t ! dom9ion ( ! fancy ov] its subord9ate faculties1 :e!r ( ! ext]nal s5ses or ! in/9cts1 manife/s itself likewise 9 ! p]nici\s passions1 z ex]cis+ ov] !m a v baneful influ5ce1 &1 inde$1 z be+ ! pr9cipal s\rce ( ! prevail+ ab]rations4 ,^! ?ree passions & lead+ defects ( "*1 :i* de/roy ! inw>d peace ( individuals & di/urb ! ord] ( society1 may be reg>d$ z s _m ,/ygian floods1 s _m d>k subt]ranean /reams ( lava & fire1 :i*1 bur/+ f ! crat] ( a burn+ fancy1 p\r d[n ^u ! region ( ! w1 !re aga9 to break out 9 lawless de$s & viol5t cata/rophes1 or1 p]haps1 :at is f> worse1 to lie smold]+ 9 a life fritt]$ away 9 wor?less pursuits1 )\t object or mean+1 or 9 ! frivol\s r\t9e ( an ord9>y exi/5ce4 ,hav+ ?us fully set =? ! injuri\s influ5ce ( a disord]$ fancy on ! deadly & p]nici\s passions ( man1 we %all be m at lib]ty to consid] ! o!r & bett] aspect ( ?is m5tal faculty4 ,= fancy1 :i*1 z 8 peculi> pr]ogative1 di/+ui%es man f all o!r intellectual be+s1 is a liv+ & fruitful s\rce ( good no less ?an ( evil4 ,accord+ly1 9 ! high] aims ( 8 good in/9cts1 noble incl9ations1 & true en?usiasms1 fancy gives life & /ability to 8 ex]tions1 & ar\ses & calls to 8 aid all ! en]gies ( m9d & intellect4 ,b "h ,i mu/ make ! prelim9>y rem>k1 t 9 ! e?ical doma9 g5]ally1 & 9 all moral matt]s & relations1 no?+ b a v f9e l9e divides "r f wrong4 ,! fault lies n unfrequ5tly 9 ! undue exagg]ation or false application ( a "r pr9ciple4 ,pride & vanity1 = in/ance1 are ! commone/ subjects ( ! _w's c5sure2 b :o w\ld bani% f exi/5ce a true s5se ( honor1 & a noble ?ir/ ( fame4 ,& h[ w\ld society lose all its tone & its true r+1 if we 7 to )draw f x all ^? preci\s metals6 ,av>ice & ! love ( ga9 are1 no d\bt1 fruitful s\rces ( evil1 & br+ into society a ?\s&--nay1 we may r say1 )\t exagg]ation1 t5 ?\s& times t5 ?\s& woes4 ,!y are ! occasion ( c\ntless feuds & endless litigation2 s t ! prev5tion & settlem5t ( ^! numb]less comm]cial qu>rels & disputes ab\t prop]ty occupy ! *ief "p ( ! att5tion1 & absorb ! be/ en]gies ( dome/ic gov]nm5t4 ,b a ga9ful indu/ry1 direct$ to utility1 & ev5 to private utility--labor & assiduity :i* h no o!r end 9 view ?an a lawful ga9 & a fair pr(it1 :i* n m]ely does n violate ! rights ( o!rs1 b ev5 pays a due reg>d to _! int]e/s1 w be univ]sally recogniz$ z an ess5tial "p ( ! frame ( society4 ,x =ms1 inde$1 ! alim5t>y sap ( life1 :i*1 z x asc5ds ?r\gh its diff]5t vessels1 diffuses e :]e bo? heal? & /r5g?4 ,la/ly1 we w n[ consid] t o!r in/9ct ( our nature1 :i*1 ev5 z ! /ronge/1 mo/ requires moral regulation & treatm5t4 ,by all noble natures among civiliz$ nations1 9 _! be/ & pure/ times1 ?is in/9ct has1 by means ( v>i\s moral relations1 be5 spontane\sly associat$ ) a high] elem5t4 ,&1 inde$1 tak5 simply z incl9ation1 x possesses "s degree ( aff9ity !re)4 ,su* a /rong incl9ation & he>ty love1 elevat$ to ! bond ( fidelity1 receives !reby a solemn consecration1 & is ev51 accord+ to ! div9e disp5sation1 reg>d$ z a sanctu>y4 ,& x is 9 tru? ! moral sanctu>y ( e>?ly exi/5ce1 on :i* ,god's fir/ & e>lie/ bless+ /ill re/s4 ,x is1 moreov]1 ! f\ndation on :i* is built ! happ9ess & ! moral welf>e ( races & nations4 ,?is s\l-connect+ l9k ( love1 :i* con/itutes ! family union1 is ! s\rce f :i* emanate ! /rong & beautiful ties ( a "m's love1 ( filial duty1 & ( frat]nal affection betwe5 bre?r5 & k9dr$1 :i* toge!r make up ! invisible s\l1 &1 z x 71 ! inn] vital fluid ( ! n]ves ( human society4 ,& "h1 too1 ! great family problem ( education mu/ be tak5 into acc\nt--& by education ,i mean ! :ole moral tra9+ ( ! ris+ g5]ation4 ,=1 h[ev] num]\s & excell5t may be ! in/itutions f\nd$ by ! /ate1 or conduct$ by private individuals1 = special bran*es & objects1 or = p>ticul> classes & ages1 /ill1 on ! :ole1 education mu/ be reg>d$ z pre-em95tly ! bus9ess & duty ( ! family4 ,= x is 9 ! family t education comm5ces1 & !re1 also1 x t]m9ates & concludes at ! mom5t :5 ! "y man1 mature ( m9d & ye>s1 & ! gr[n-up maid51 leave ! pat]nal ro( to f\nd a new family ( _! own4 ,9 seasons ( dang]1 & ( wide-spread & /alk+ corruption1 m5 are wont to feel--b (t51 alas6 too late--h[ entirely ! :ole frame1 bo? ( human & political society1 re/s on ?is f\ndation ( ! family union4 ,n m]ely by ! ph5om5a ( our own times1 b by ! examples ( ! mo/ civiliz$ nations ( antiquity1 may ?is tru? be hi/orically prov$2 & num]\s passages c be adduc$ f _! great hi/orians 9 confirmation ( x4 ,9 all times & 9 all places a moral revolution )9 ! dome/ic circle has prec$$ ! public outbreaks ( g5]al an>*y1 :i* h ?r[n :ole nations into confusion1 & und]m9$ ! be/-ord]$ & wisely-con/itut$ /ates4 ,:5 all ! pr9cipal joi/s ( a build+ h />t$1 & all its /ays & fa/5+s1 f ! ro( to ! f\ndation1 h become loose1 !n w ! fir/ /orm ( accid5t easily demoli% ! :ole /ructure1 or ! fir/ sp>k set ! dry & rott5 edifice 9 flames4 ,next 9 ord] & dignity to ?is s\l-b9d+ tie ( a noble & virtu\s love1 :i* promotes & pres]ves ! intimate union ( all ! p>ts ( social life1 ano!r species or =m ( a l(ty1 a good1 & a beautiful--nay1 ev5 ( a sublime--endeavor1 %[s itself 9 :at we call en?usiasm4 ,! latt] has = its positive object a ?\ght :i* ! s\l hav+ once intellectually embrac$1 is ev] aft] fill$ & possess$ )4 ,b ! m]e inw>d idea does n suffice "h1 h[ev] x may 9 ! case ( ! simple conception or admiration ( a noble ?\ght4 ,! di/9ctive *>act]i/ic ( en?usiasm is r ! untir+ en]gy ) :i*1 ev5 at great p]sonal sacrifice1 x labors to realize1 or to pres]ve 9 realization1 ! idea :i* has once fully possess$ ! s\l4 ,! commone/ =m or species ( ?is en?usiasm is patriotism1 or ! love ( c\ntry1 :i* be/ & mo/ pla9ly manife/s itself 9 seasons ( national dang] or calamity4 ,z ! daily life ( ! individual alt]nates betwe5 labor & re/1 & ! refre%+ sleep ( ! night r5ews ! /r5g? :i* has be5 exhau/$ by ! toils ( ! day1 s is x on a l>g] scale ) ! public life ( ! /ate 9 its alt]nations betwe5 peace & w>4 ,= al?\gh peace is ju/ly priz$ & desir$1 z ! greate/ ( public bless+s1 /ill x is "s com=t & comp5sation = its unavoidable abs5ce1 to "k t ! pres5ce ( w>1 & ! /ruggle ) its dang]s & h>d%ips1 fir/ awak5 & call into be+ _m ( man's be/ en]gies & noble/ virtues1 :i*1 9 un9t]rupt$ peace & tranquillity1 mu/ h rema9$ =ev] dormant4 ,b1 z is e :]e ! case ?r\gh\t ! moral doma91 a spuri\s en?usiasm /&s close alongside ( ! true & g5u9e species1 & requires to be c>efully di/+ui%$ f x4 ,=c$ to speak ( ! love ( c\ntry1 & to pa9t its g5u9e traits1 ,i rejoice t ,i am /&+ on "o ( its *os5 & mo/ famili> sc5es1 :]e my he>]s w und]/& me at ! fir/ s\nd1 :5 ,i decl>e t ! true en?usiasm ( patriotism reveals itself mo/ pla9ly 9 mis=tune--9 ! mid/ ( deep & la/+ calamities4 ,ano!r *>act]i/ic is1 t x does n arbitr>ily set up its object1 or caprici\sly make its own occasion1 b at ! fir/ call ( its h]$it>y sov]eign ru%es to ! po/ ( dang]4 ,! second m>k1 !re=e1 ( a true patriotism is ob$i5ce1 b an ob$i5ce associat$ ) ! =w>d en]gies ( a fix$ & prep>$ resolve1 :i* f> outruns ! exact requisitions ( duty1 & gives rise to a true & real equality--! equality ( self-sacrifice1 :]e9 ! high & noble vie ) ! poor & l[ly 9 ! magnanim\s oblation to _! c\ntry ( _! be/ & de>e/ possessions4 ,ano!r g5]ally kn[n & admitt$ species ( en?usiasm1 viz41 a ta/e = ! arts1 has n s univ]sal a f\ndation 9 ! con/itution ( ! human m9d z ! feel+ ( patriotism1 b implies a p>ticul> m5tal disposition1 & c]ta9 natural end[m5ts1 & consequ5tly ! sph]e ( its op]ation is f> n>r[]4 ,b "h1 also1 z 9 ! =m] case1 en?usiasm manife/s itself z a prop]ty or /ate ( ! s\l :i* is f> f be+ cont5t$ ) a calm philosophical contemplation1 or admiration1 ( its inw>d ?\ght1 b :i*1 long+ eag]ly to realize & exhibit ext]nally ! idea ) :i* x is possess$1 kn[s no re/ nor peace till x has accompli%$ its *]i%$ object4 ,& su* an ideal en?usiasm is n conf9$ to ! sph]e ( art alone1 b ev5 9 ! calm] regions ( sci5ce is its influ5ce felt4 ,x is1 9 %ort1 ! animat+ impulse ( all great inv5tions1 creations1 & discov]ies4 ,)\t x ,columbus w\ld nev] h be5 able to ov]come all ! dang]s & ob/acles :i* beset ! fir/ design & ! f9al consummation ( 8 bold conception4 ,b 9 ! latt] in/ances ! object ( en?usiasm is no long] a pure ideal1 l t :i* animates ! arti/1 b some?+ great or new 9 ! region ( useful sci5ce1 or ( practical life4 ,9 e case1 h[ev]1 en?usiasm has = its object a some?+ positive & real1 :i*1 ev5 if x be n "o :i* captivates ! s\l ) its transc5d5t beauty & excell5ce1 yet1 at lea/1 by its exalt$ nature fills x ) wond] & admiration4 ,q o!rwise is x ) a long+--an indef9ite feel+ ( pr(\nd desire1 :i* is satisfi$ ) no e>?ly object1 :e!r real or ideal1 b is ev] direct$ to ! et]nal & ! div9e4 ,& al?\gh x presupposes1 z ! condition ( its exi/5ce1 no special g5ius or peculi> tal5ts1 b proce$s imm$iately out ( ! pure s\rce ( ! div9ely creat$ & immortal s\l--out ( ! ev]la/+ feel+s ( ! lov+ s\l--/ill1 f causes :i* are easily conceivable1 a pure developm5t ( ?is species is f> r>] ?an ev5 ( ! en?usiasm = art4 ,no d\bt1 9 c]ta9 happy temp]am5ts1 "u circum/ances favorable to _! free expansion1 ?is vague long+ is peculi> to ! age ( y\?1 & is (t5 en\gh obs]v$ !re4 ,inde$1 x is 9 t s(t melan*oly1 :i* is always jo9$ ) ! half-unconsci\s1 b pleasant feel+ ( ! bloom+ fullness ( life1 t lies ! *>m :i* ! rem9isc5ce ( ! days ( y\? possesses = ! calm & quiet contemplations ( old age4 ,"h1 too1 ! di/9ctive m>k betwe5 ! g5u9e & ! spuri\s manife/ations ( ?is feel+ is bo? simple en\gh1 & easily f\nd4 ,= z ?is long+ may 9 g5]al be expla9$ z an in*oate /ate--a love yet to be develop$--! "q r$uces itself consequ5tly to ! simple "o ( det]m9+ ! nature ( ?is love4 ,if1 ^u ! fir/ developm5t & gratification ( ! passions1 ?is love imm$iately passes ov] to & loses itself 9 ! ord9>y realities ( life1 !n is x no g5u9e manife/ation ( ! heav5ly feel+1 b a m]e e>?ly & s5sual long+4 ,b :5 x survives ! y\?ful ebullition ( ! feel+s1 :5 x does b become deep] & m int5se by "t1 :5 x is satisfi$ ) no joys1 & /ifl$ by no sorr[s ( e>?--:51 f ! mid/ ( ! /ruggles ( life1 & ! pressure ( ! _w1 x turns1 l a light-see+ eye ^u ! /orm-toss$ waves ( ! ocean ( "t1 to ! heav5 ( heav5s1 wat*+ to discov] !re "s /> ( et]nal hope--!n is x t true & g5u9e long+1 :i*1 direct+ itself to ! div9e1 is itself also ( a cele/ial orig94 ,out ( ?is root spr+s almo/ e ?+ t is intellectually beautiful & great--ev5 ! love ( sci5tific c]ta9ty itself1 & ( a pr(\nd k ( life & nature4 ,philosophy1 inde$1 has no o!r s\rce1 & we might 9 ?is respect call x1 ) mu* propriety1 ! doctr9e or ! sci5ce ( long+4 ,b ev5 t y\?ful long+1 already notic$1 is (t5times a g5u9e1 or1 at lea/1 ! fir/ f\ndation ( ! high] & tru] species1 al?\gh1 unlike ! latt]1 x is z yet nei!r purely evolv$ nor ref9$ by ! c\rse ( "t4 ,"o g5]al rem>k rema9s to be add$4 ,?is beautiful long+ ( y\?1 a fruitful fancy1 & a lov+ s\l1 are ! be/ & mo/ preci\s gifts ( b5ignant nature1 t disp5ses ) s lib]al a h&1 or1 r1 n ( nature1 b ( t wond]ful ,intellig5ce t presides 9 & ov] x4 ,!y =m1 z x 71 a fair g>d5 ( hidd5 life )9 man4 ,b z ! fir/ man 0 plac$ 9 ! g>d5 ( ,ed51 n m]ely = 8 idle enjoym5t1 b1 z x is expressly /at$1 8to dress x & to keep x10 s "h also1 :5 ?is law ( duty is neglect$1 ! inmo/ he>t ( ! mo/ em95t *>act]s & ( ! mo/ ri*ly-end[$ natures becomes1 z x 71 a ,p>adise run wild & wa/e4 ,9 ! consid]ation ( ^! ?ree =ms ( man's high] ef=t--viz41 long+1 true love1 & g5u9e en?usiasm--,i h ?r\gh\t sil5tly impli$1 :at no "o c possibly d5y1 ! co-op]at+ influ5ce ( fancy4 ,z 9 ! evil passions x ex]cises an injuri\s1 inflammatory1 & de/ructive effect1 s also x co-op]ates b5eficially ) ! long+ :i* is direct$ to ! good & ! div9e1 & imp>ts to x its animat+ ardor1 & its highe/ en]gy4 ,9 ! pure long+1 inde$1 ! inv5tive fancy is dissolv$ 9 :at has ceas$ to be an e>?ly feel+1 & has become completely id5tifi$ ) ! liv+ s\l4 ,b 9 ! love & en?usiasm :i* are direct$ to "s actual object1 x is ! su/a9+ flame ( life1 & ( all l(ti] aspirations :i*1 z !y spr+ f ! s\rce ( fancy1 atte/ its co-op]ation4 ,x may be t ! pure spirits are fill$ & p]vad$ ) t lov+ v5]ation ( ! ,deity :i* makes up _! blissful exi/5ce1 simply by means ( ! intuitive und]/&+ & ! pure w1 )\t ev5 any admixture ( fancy4 ,a human love or en?usiasm1 h[ev]1 :i* %\ld be totally devoid ( fancy1 & free f its influ5ce1 w v r>ely1 if ev]1 be met )1 & is b b>ely conceivable4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n involve any reproa* or c5sure aga9/ man's love & en?usiasm1 z ?\gh !y 7 unreal & f\nd$ on an untru?4 ,= no?+ c be m errone\s ?an to suppose t ! fancy mu/ inv>iably be untrue & deceiv+1 or at lea/ self-deceiv$4 ,su* a supposition is d]iv$ m]ely f "o species ( x--! poetical fancy4 ,& yet ev5 ?is1 9 its g5u9e manife/ations1 conta9s b5ea? its privileg$ & p]mitt$ g>b ( ext]nal untru?1 a ri* /ore & liv+ s\rce ( great & pr(\nd v]ities1 ( a peculi> k9d1 & belong+ to an int]nal tru? ( nature4 ,or1 p]haps1 ?is misconception ( fancy 9 g5]al may h its orig9 9 t abortion or corruption ( x :i* op]ates s p[]fully 9 ! evil passions1 :i* is und\bt$ly 9 ! highe/ degree deceptive & delusive4 ,9 & by itself1 & tak5 9 its wide/ signification1 ?is faculty ( fancy is1 g5]ally speak+1 ! liv+ productive ?\ght--! faculty ( int]nal f]tility--& :i* also ) its outw>d organs1 bo? ( an e>?ly & a high] s5se1 appreh5ds ! :ole ext]nal _w4 ,x ent]s1 !re=e1 ) a liv+ int]e/ into e good z well z base pursuit ( man1 & giv+ new %apes ( its own to all t x has once appreh5d$1 labors to inve/ x ) a liv+ =m1 to apply & to realize x4 ,9 itself1 !re=e1 & 9 its pure & uncorrupt /ate1 f> f cla%+ ) ! div9e tru? 7:i*1 h[ev]1 is n 9 e case id5tical ) ! ord9>y reality71 fancy1 z we %all %[ m fully 9 ano!r place1 admits ( be+ easily reconcil$ ) x4 ,b ( human ?+s we mu/ always judge by a human /&>d1 & ) due all[ance4 ,ev5 suppos+ t1 9 ! case ( a true love & a g5u9e en?usiasm1 a pass+ ?\ght may be detect$1 a mom5t>y excitem5t or manife/ation :i* goes beyond ! exact l9e ( ! actual tru?--ev5 9 su* a case ?is love & ?is en?usiasm w\ld n !re=e be less real & g5u9e--/ill w\ld n all be exagg]ation t might seem s to ! unsympa?iz+ & un5?usia/ic intellect4 ,at all ev5ts1 x mu/ ev] rema9 und5iable1 t em]g5cies occur 9 human life :i* are n met by ! rigor\s & ma!matical =mul>ies ( e?ical sci5ce1 & :]e by no?+ b a noble sacrifice ( love f> transc5d+ all ! common & g5]al requisitions ( ! practical reason--by no?+ b a l(ty en]gy & resolute en?usiasm--c a man extricate himself f 8 p]plexities & arrive at a happy result4 ,at lea/1 x w n d to ov]look or misrepres5t ?is elem5t ( human life1 ev5 ?\gh x mu/ be admitt$ t x is n exempt f ^? traces ( human infirmity :i* are also b too app>5t 9 ! o!r aspect ( x1 ! "o1 viz41 9 :i* ! =mal reason decides e ?+1 & is supreme4 ,z1 !re=e1 ! ?9k+ s\l is ! liv+ c5t] ( ! human consci\sness1 s1 on ! o!r h&1 ! lov+ s\l is ! middle po9t & ! f\ndation ( all moral life1 z x %[s itself 9 t s\l-bond ( love1 :i*1 :ile x con/itutes m>riage1 is ti$ & complet$ !re94 ,on ?is union1 !n1 :i*1 z hi/orically repres5t$1 appe>s to be ! true comm5cem5t ( civiliz$ life1 x w be necess>y to say a few words2 & ! pres5t seems ! mo/ appropriate place = !m4 ,n[1 bo? 9 philosophy & 9 all g5]al speculation1 !re are _m reason]s :o w\ld d]ive e ?+ f mat]ial s5sations1 & seek to degrade all t is reg>d$ z high & noble by mank9d4 ,s "h1 also1 9 ! _w's mode ( judg+ ( ?is union--:i*1 h[ev]1 all publicly-ackn[l$g$ pr9ciples reg>d z holy--x1 & all t belongs to x1 is acc\nt$ = by "s evanesc5t passion1 "s s5sual impression1 or "s int]e/$ view or o!r1 :ile ! exi/5ce ( any ?+ l true & g5u9e love is absolutely d5i$4 ,b1 9 ! fir/ place1 9 ! case ( a union :i* embraces ! entire man--8 s5su\s z well z 8 rational1 or1 z ,i %\ld pref] to say1 8 e>?ly no less ?an 8 spiritual nature & temp]am5t--x c n fairly be urg$ 9 objection to x1 t bo? ! elem5ts ( 8 mix$ con/itution are pres5t 9 x4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is obvi\sly mo/ unju/1 9 our e/imate ( x1 viol5tly to sep>ate :at1 ev5 9 ! lea/ corrupt$ disposition & pure/ *>act]s1 are mo/ closely int]wov51 or1 r1 fus$ toge!r1 & to subject !m to an invidi\s & de/ructive analysis4 ,?is is n ! way to det]m9e ! *>act]i/ics ( a true & ( a false love4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 !m mu/ r be s\ght by a simpl] me?od1 simil> to t :i* we foll[$ 9 ! case ( long+ & en?usiasm--by consid]+ m]ely ! total result4 ,a feel+ ( ?is k9d may appe> at ! beg9n+ nev] s viol5t2 x may ev5 amuse itself ) a ?or\gh m5tal halluc9ation1 :i* betrays itself 9 its v outw>d aspect1 ) ! pr(\nde/ v5]ation1 nay1 deification ( its admir$ object2 b 9 m>ri$ life ?is int5se admiration soon gives place to satiety or indiff]5ce1 & imbitt]$ by mutual di/ru/ & misund]/&+1 x t]m9ates 9 incurable discord4 ,9 su* a case ! feel+1 ev5 9 its ard5t beg9n+s1 0 no true love1 b simply passion4 ,b 9 ^? happy unions1 :]e ! fir/ passionate ardor ( y\? yields only to an ev]-gr[+ & /ill pur] developm5t ( mutual good-w & confid5ce--:ile self-sacrifice & pati5t endurance1 bo? 9 good & evil =tune1 d b *]i% ! same deep affection & calm fri5d%ip--"h1 f ! v fir/1 x 0 true & g5u9e love4 ,=1 h[ev] mu* ! outw>d appe>ances ( human life may seem to contradict x1 !re is n 9 nature1 & ev5 9 ! high] region1 any love )\t a return4 ,& z all true love is reciprocal1 s also is true love la/+ & inde/ructible2 or1 to 8speak z a man10 ev5 because x is ! v inmo/ life ( humanity1 x is1 !re=e1 true unto dea?4 ,moreov]1 9 ! case ( a union :i* ext5ds to ! :ole ( life1 x is q consi/5t t a due reg>d %\ld be paid to ! o!r circum/ances & relations ( exi/5ce2 only no g5]al rule c be laid d[n 9 ?is respect4 ,?is is a matt] :i* has be5 left to ! discretion ( individuals1 ev5 by ! div9e laws1 ^? sacr$ gu>dians ( w$lock1 :i*1 h[ev]1 rigor\sly insi/ on ! abs5ce ( all compulsion1 inasmu* z ! free cons5t ( all p>ties is an ess5tial condition ( ?is union4 ,& z we %\ld be ju/ifi$ 9 tak+ = grant$ t ?is reciprocal act ( free w mu/ n be any inconsid]ate or extort$ ass5t1 or "o induc$ by o!r int]e/$ feel+ or consid]ation1 s is ?is expressly ass]t$ by ! fact t1 accord+ to ! _s ( ^! holy laws ( matrimony1 ?is union mu/ be f\nd$ on mutual affection1 & reg>d$ z an indissoluble bond ( s\ls1 & n z a m]e civil contract or de$ ( sale & transf] ( rank & prop]ty4 ,! latt]1 z well z all else1 are m]e subord9ate matt]s4 ,?ree ?+s1 accord+ to ,god's moral gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 are indisp5sable to & requir$ by ! ess5ce & _s ( ^! holy laws4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re mu/ be a mutual cons5t ( ! w--a reciprocal fondness & lik+1 to :i* ! w1 :5ev] x is left free & un%ackl$1 gives an appropriate utt]ance & expression4 ,9 ! second place1 ^! laws require t unison ( temp] :i* is indisp5sable to its p]man5ce2 :ile1 ?irdly & la/ly1 !y provide t ?is union1 s sacr$ 9 ! sight ( all civiliz$ nations1 %\ld be indissoluble4 ,9 p]fect h>mony ) ?is la/ condition is monogamy--! fundam5tal law ( ,*ri/ian w$lock4 ,& ev5 among ! hea!n nations ( antiquity1 ?\gh )\t ! sanction ( law1 yet1 nev]!less1 "u ! influ5ce ( an in/9ctive s5se ( :at is morally "r & noble1 monogamy _h practically become ! almo/ univ]sal rule4 ,highly important to ! welf>e ( ! human race is ! inviolable ma9t5ance ( ?is sacr$ law ( m>riage4 ,s incalculable are ! disa/]s :i* foll[ f its violation1 t ,i c safely v5ture to ass]t1 )\t fe> ( exagg]ation1 t a religion :i* w\ld v5ture to desecrate or pull d[n ! v5]able sanctu>y ( w$lock1 & consequ5tly to expose ! weak] sex to degradation & oppression1 w\ld ev5 !reby bespeak its own falsity1 & r5\nce all pret5sions to a div9e orig94 ,:]ev]1 on ! contr>y1 ?is noble in/itution & woman's dignity are ackn[l$g$ & respect$1 !re ?is union ( s\ls 9 consecrat$ love op]ates1 by ! means ( la/+ p]sonal int]c\rse1 a reciprocal m5tal influ5ce ( ! mo/ div]sifi$1 salut>y1 & beautiful k9d4 ,& ?is influ5ce t5ds to promote ! developm5t n only ( ! s\l & "*1 b also ( ! m9d or _s4 ,accord+ly 9 ?is1 ! fir/ & ! mo/ intimate ( all unions1 all ! ?ree pr9ciples ( human exi/5ce--body1 s\l1 & _s1 or m9d--alike meet toge!r1 & p>take ( a common evolution4 ,& ! result ( ?is mutual influ5ce relatively to ! diff]5t *>act]s ( ! m5tal capacities & consci\sness ( ! two sexes1 & ! developm5t ( ea* produc$ !reby1 =ms1 m]ely 9 its psy*ological aspect1 a rem>kable & pregnant ph5om5on4 ,consi/5tly1 !re=e1 ) ! law ,i h propos$ myself1 9 e case1 to set out 9 my inve/igations f life itself1 & f ! v c5t] !re(1 ,i c n well avoid1 :ile treat+ ( ! sev]al grades ( ! developm5t ( man's consci\sness1 to give "s1 ?\gh x mu/ be b a p>tial1 consid]ation to ?is int]e/+ topic4 ,cong5iality ( m9d & temp] =ms1 x is confess$1 ! sole basis ( dome/ic peace & cont5tm5t1 & ( a happy1 i4e41 ( a well-assort$ m>riage4 ,b to det]m9e on :at ?is dep5ds1 9 ea* individual case1 is a problem :i*1 consid]+ ! extremely great & inf9ite v>ieties ( human dispositions1 admits n ( a precise or p>ticul> solution4 ,on ?is po9t ! close/ obs]v]s are n unfrequ5tly deceiv$ 9 _! pr$ictions4 ,h[ (t5 d ^? agree v well ( :om previ\sly x w\ld n h be5 suppos$ possible8 ,on ! contr>y1 ^? frequ5tly live mo/ unhappily toge!r ( ^: blissful union ! judgm5t ( society & ! ord9>y e/imate ( human "* _h l$ to ! mo/ favorable anticipations4 ,nev]!less1 = ! latt] fact a g5]al reason may be giv54 ,x is n s mu* ! simil>ity ( ta/es & pursuits1 z1 r1 ! want 9 "o ( "s m5tal quality possess$ by ! o!r1 t =ms ! /ronge/ s\rce ( attraction betwe5 ! two sexes1 s t ! inn] life or consci\sness ( ! "o f9ds its complem5t 9 t ( ! o!r1 or1 at lea/1 receives f x a fur!r developm5t & elevation4 ,= 9 ! same way t a c]ta9 community ( goods & prop]ty1 ev5 ?\gh n complete nor en=c$ by law1 yet /ill1 9 "s measure & by daily use1 does practically take place 9 w$lock--s1 also1 by ! con/ant int]*ange ( e ?\ght & feel+1 a sort ( community ( consci\sness is produc$1 :i* d]ives its *>m & value f ! v diff]5ce 9 ! m5tal "* ( ! two sexes4 ,:5 ,i w\ld attempt to give a m precise det]m9ation ( ?is diff]5ce1 ,i feel h[ difficult & incomplete mu/ be e attempt g5]ally to def9e ! v>ieties ( m5tal "*4 ,& ?is is especially ! case :5 m5 take 9 h& to pa9t ! *>act]s ( :ole ages & nations1 & by contra/s endeavor di/9ctly to limit & %>ply to def9e !m4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ! pr$om9ant elem5t 9 ! m5tal "* ( ! ,greeks is usually said to be intellect--compris+ "u ?is t]m e =m & manife/ation ( x1 ! sci5tific z well z ! arti/ic1 pr(undity n less ?an acut5ess1 & vivid p]spicuity1 toge!r ) critical analysis2 :ile en]gy ( w1 /r5g? ( m9d1 & greatness ( s\l1 are assign$ to ! ,romans z _! di/+ui%+ peculi>ity4 ,no d\bt ^! descriptions are n 9 g5]al untrue4 ,h[ _m nic] limitations1 h[ev]1 & modifications mu/ !y und]go1 if we are n to re/ cont5t$ ) ?is hi/orical anti!sis & summ>y--:i*1 no d\bt1 are correct en\gh1 z f> z !y g--b desire1 r1 to =m 9 idea & to set d[n 9 words a full & complete image ( ^! two nations 9 _! :ole intellectual life4 ,s1 too1 z a g5]al description ( ! middle ages1 x might be said1 ) tol]able tru?1 t 9 !m fancy 0 pr$om9ant2 :ile 9 mod]n times reason has be5 gradually becom+ m & m p>am\nt4 ,b h[ _m p>ticul>s mu/ be add$ 9 ! latt] case1 if ! tru? ( life is n to be swall[$ up 9 a g5]al notion4 ,b 9 a /ill high] degree does ?is obs]vation apply1 :5 we come to speak n m]ely ( nations & eras1 b ( ! m5tal diff]5ces ( ! two sexes4 ,su* m]e outl9es mu/ be giv5 & tak5 = no?+ m ?an :at !y really are1 m]e sket*y ?\ghts4 ,h[ev]1 !y may (t5 lead u f>!r1 giv+ rise occasionally to useful applications1 or1 at lea/1 s]v+1 n seldom1 to exclude a false & delusive semblance ( a ?\ght4 ,to attempt1 !re=e1 some?+ ( ! k9d1 ,i w\ld make ! foll[+ rem>k1 9 :i* mo/ voices w1 ,i ?9k1 concur4 ,( ! sev]al faculties or aspects ( human consci\sness previ\sly describ$1 s\l appe>s to be mo/ pre-em95t 9 ! m5tal con/itution ( wom52 s t ! prophet :o said t wom5 h no s\l prov$ himself !reby a false prophet4 ,= x is ev5 ?is ri* fullness ( s\l :i* manife/s itself 9 all _! ?\ghts1 & words1 & de$s--t con/itutes ! great *>m ( ! social int]c\rse ( civiliz$ nations1 z well z ! w9n+ attractiv5ess ( _! m famili> conv]sation1 & 9 "p1 also1 ! h>moniz+ influ5ce :i* !y produce on ! m9d 9 ! m intimate union ( w$d$ life4 ,nev]!less1 ,i ?9k we %\ld altoge!r miss ! tru?1 if1 f any love ( anti!sis1 we %\ld g on to app5d ! rem>k1 t1 9 l mann]1 m9d gei/ g5]ally pr$om9ates among m51 & is commonly to be f\nd 9 a high] degree among !m ?an among wom54 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 ! measure bo? ( natural capacity & also ( acquir$ culture1 n only 9 !mselves1 b also 9 ! manifold sph]es & modes ( _! application1 are s exce$+ly diff]5t 9 diff]5t individuals1 t x is n easy to =m !refrom any g5]al & *>act]i/ic e/imate ( ! :ole sex4 ,& j z x w\ld be a mo/ false exagg]ation to d5y to man altoge!r ! possession ( a s\l ) its ri* fullness ( feel+1 s9ce x is only ( its prepond]ance among ! o!r sex t x is all[able to speak1 s c we ) z little ju/ice refuse absolutely to attribute m9d to woman1 or at be/ ascribe x to h] only 9 a v limit$ degree4 ,= ev5 if ! subtl] ab/ractions ( sci5tific reason+ are v r>e among1 & little suit$ to !m1 /ill s\nd reason & judgm5t are only ! m common4 ,! und]/&+ :i* wom5 possess is n s mu* dry1 obs]vant1 cool1 & calculat+1 z x is vivid & intuitively p5etrat+4 ,& x is exactly ?is vividness ( intellect t1 :5 speak+ ( individuals1 we call m9d or _s4 ,ano!r l9e ( ?\ght w1 p]haps1 lead u m directly & ne>] to ! end we h 9 view4 ,! ext]nal influ5ce ( wom5 on ! :ole human community is1 = ! mo/ "p 7= "h1 too1 !re are great & memorable exceptions7 conf9$ to a n>r[ sph]e ( ! imm$iate duties ( ! affections1 or to simil> relations 9 ! wid] social circle4 ,s1 too1 is x inw>dly z reg>ds ! consci\sness4 ,all ! faculties ( wom5 & _! sev]al manife/ations lie1 if ,i may s express myself1 close toge!r1 &1 z x 71 9 a fri5dly circle ar\nd ! lov+ s\l1 z _! common c5t]4 ,) reg>d1 !n1 to ! comp>ison ( ! two sexes & _! m5tal diff]5ces1 ,i w\ld v5ture to obs]ve1 t on ! "o side x seems to me t a c]ta9 h>moni\s fullness ( ! consci\sness is ! prepond]at+ "*2 &1 on ! o!r1 its ecc5tric evolution4 ,n t ,i mean t 9 ! sex :i* is pre-em95tly call$ to outw>d activity1 ! m9d loses its gr& c5t] 9 ! inn] life1 or1 comet-l1 delights to w&] 9 va/1 irregul> orbits1 z is1 inde$1 commonly en\gh ass]t$4 ,my mean+ is1 simply1 t ! mascul9e m9d w ev] d>e1 z1 inde$1 x ought1 to move 9 wid] circles ?an ! fem99e4 ,! extremes ( ! consci\sness1 if ! expression be all[able--! f>!/ poles bo? ( reason & fancy--are1 s to speak1 ! prop]ty ( ! m active sex2 :ile ! h>moni\s union & contact ( bo? 9 ! s\l belong to ! m s5sitive4 ,all su* g5]al & *>act]i/ic sket*es1 h[ev]1 mu/ always be mo/ imp]fect4 ,/ill ,i believe x may be safely & truly said1 t1 ) highly-favor$ dispositions & noble natures 7& ^! mu/ be always suppos$ & tak5 = ! f\ndation ( su* g5]al rem>ks71 ! ga9 to be d]iv$ f ?is intellectual community & influ5ce1 9 :i* "o individual consci\sness completes ! o!r1 mu/ be s\ght 9 ! "o sex 9 a great] developm5t ( m9d & elevation ( s\l1 & 9 ! o!r 9 a m h>moni\s adju/m5t & s(t5+ ( ! m5tal p[]s1 & 9 a f> m s5sitive excitem5t ( ! s\l's susceptibilities4 ,b 9 ?is mo/ intimate ( unions1 :5 reg>d$ z div9ely bless$1 & :5 9 reality x appe>s to be s1 !n on ei!r side bo? m9d & s\l are1 z x 71 twice comb9$ & jo9$ toge!r 9 close/ association1 &1 if we may say s1 ev5 m>ri$ & w$d$ toge!r4 ,consequ5tly1 :ile ext]nal life d]ives f m>riage its moral f\ndation & orig91 ! int]nal life ( man is1 z x 71 m5tally r5ew$ by x1 or fructifi$ afre% & r$\bl$4 ,,lecture ,,iii4 ,,( ,,! ,,s\l',s ,,%>e ,,9 ,,k2 ,,& ,,( ,,revelation4 ,9 ! fir/ ,lecture our att5tion 0 direct$ to ! ?9k+ s\l z ! c5t] ( ! :ole human consci\sness2 :ile 9 ! second1 ,i attempt$ fully to set be=e y1 & to del9eate1 ! lov+ s\l z ! true middle po9t ( ! moral life4 ,! object ( our pres5t disquisition w be to asc]ta9 ! "p :i* ! s\l takes 9 ! k to :i* man is able to atta94 ,! g5]al elem5t1 inde$1 :i* ! s\l furni%es z its contribution to human k1 is n inde$ v difficult to det]m9e2 b :5 we come to details1 !re is mu* t requires to be well weigh$ & pond]$4 ,n[1 ! s\l furni%es ! cognitive m9d ) language = ! expression ( its cognitions2 & x is ev5 ! di/9ctive "* ( human k1 t x dep5ds on language1 :i* n only =ms an ess5tial con/itu5t ( x1 b is also its indisp5sable organ4 ,language1 h[ev]1 ! discursive1 b at ! same "t also ! vividly figurative language ( man1 is entirely ! product ( ! s\l1 :i* 9 its production fir/ ( all1 & pre-em95tly1 manife/s its fruitful & creative en]gy4 ,9 ?is wond]ful creation ! two con/itu5t faculties ( ! s\l--fancy & reason--play an equal & co-ord9ate "p4 ,f ! fancy x d]ives ! :ole ( its figurative & ornam5tal portion1 & also its melodi\s rhy?m & animat$ tone4 ,&1 moreov]1 its inmo/ fundam5tal web & ! prim>y natural roots belong also to man's orig9al deep feel+ ( sympa?y ) outw>d nature1 & !re=e to fancy1 unless p]haps "s w\ld pref] to ascribe !m at once to ! s\l itself1 z /ill m pr(\ndly & intimately ak9 to nature4 ,to ! reason1 on ! o!r h&1 language owes its logical ord]1 & its grammatical =ms & laws ( con/ruction4 ,:i* "p is ! m important1 or m highly to be e/eem$1 is a "q ^: solution w v>y accord+ to ! po9t ( view :i* 9 any case may be adopt$ z fundam5tal1 or to ! diff]5t relations "u :i* ! :ole %all be consid]$4 ,bo? elem5ts1 h[ev]1 are equally ess5tial & indisp5sable4 ,9 all ! in/ances already consid]$ ( ! reciprocal relation ( reason & fancy we f\nd almo/ inv>iably a decid$ prepond]ance ( "o or ! o!r2 b nei!r !re nor else:]e w reason & fancy be f\nd comb9+ 9 su* h>moni\s proportions1 or work+ s ?or\ghly toge!r1 or contribut+ s equally to ! common product1 z 9 ! wond]ful production ( language1 & 9 language itself4 ,& ?is is ! case1 n only ) language 9 g5]al1 b also ) all its species & noble/ applications4 ,n[ ?is dep5d5ce ( ! cognitive m9d on its organ ( language1 discursive inde$1 b yet almo/ always figurative--?is close & intimate connection betwe5 man's k & 8 spee*--is ev5 ! *>act]i/ic m>k ( human intellig5ce4 ,b ! fault ( mo/ ( ! m]e speculative ?9k]s lies ev5 9 ?is1 t !y ab&on ! /&>d ( humanity1 by seek+ to wre/1 & to conqu] an unhuman1 if we may s say1 i4e41 a :olly indep5d5t & absolute k1 :i*1 h[ev]1 x is n 9 _! p[] to atta9 to1 & 9 pursuit ( :i* !y lose ! c]ta9ty :i* lies )9 _! rea*1 & s at la/ grasp no?+ b an absolute n-kn[+1 or an endless controv]sy4 ,if1 z we c n b suppose1 a communication does take place among ^? spiritual be+s1 :o 9 intellig5ce are pref]r$ to man1 !n mu/ ! imm$iate spee* ( ^! spirits be v diff]5t f our half-s5su\s half-rational1 half-e>?ly half-heav5ly language ( nature & humanity4 ,=1 ev5 z spiritual1 x c n b be imm$iate--nev] employ+ figure & ^? grammatical =ms :i* human language fir/ analyzes1 to =m aga9 out ( !m new & fre% comp\nds4 ,accord+ to ! two prop]ties :i* con/itute ! ess5ce ( m9d gei/1 x c only be a communication1 a transmission1 an awak5+ or immission ( ?\ght--"s :olly def9ite ?\ght--by ! w1 or else ! communicat+1 excit+1 & produc+ by ! ?\ght ( "s equally def9ite volition4 ,x may be t some?+ ( ?is1 or at lea/ some?+ n absolutely dissimil>1 occurs 9 human op]ations4 ,x is possible t ?is imm$iate language ( m9d1 z a secret & invisible pr9ciple ( life--z a r>e & sup]ior elem5t--is conta9$ also 9 human language1 &1 z x 71 veil$ 9 ! out] body1 :i*1 h[ev]1 becomes visible only 9 ! effects ( a lum9\s & l(ty eloqu5ce1 9 :i* is display$ ! magic =ce ( language & ( a rul+ & comm&+ ?\ght4 ,tak5 on ! :ole1 h[ev]1 human spee* is no su* imm$iate & magically-work+ language ( m9d or _s4 ,x is r a figurative language ( nature1 9 :i* its great p]man5t hi]oglyphics are mirror$ aga9 9 m9iature1 & 9 rapid succession4 ,& x reta9s ?is natural & figurative "* ev5 9 ! ord9>y =m ( rational dialogue1 :i* mu/ obs]ve s _m v>ieties & details ( gramm>1 ( :i* sup]ior intellig5ces h no ne$ = _! imm$iate int]communion1 b 9 :i*1 z 9 all o!r human ?+s1 _m great] or less grammatical ov]sights creep 9 & give rise to important consequ5ces 9 sci5ce & ?\ght1 & also 9 life itself4 ,b 9 ! next place1 language is intimately connect$ & co-ord9ate ) tradition1 :e!r sacr$ or pr(ane1 ) all ! record$ fruits ( human speculation & inquiry4 ,& z ! ^w is ! root out ( :i* ! :ole /em ( man's transmitt$ k1 or tradition1 has gr[n up1 ) all its bran*es & (f%oots1 s1 too1 9 ! eloqu5t spee*1 9 ! elegant composition1 & ev5 9 all l(ty int]nal m$itation--:i* =m1 z x 71 ! leaves1 fl[]s1 & fruits ( ?is goodly tree ( liv+ tradition--x is aga9 ! ^w by :i* ! :ole is c>ri$ on & ultimately p]fect$4 ,b n[1 9 ord] to develop /ill m completely1 & m accurately to asc]ta9 ! "p :i* ! s\l1 z ! creator ( language1 contributes to human cognition & k1 x w be necess>y to exam9e nicely ! ess5ce ( reason1 & especially 9 relation to its collat]al & closely-connect$1 b subord9ate faculties4 ,above all1 x w be advisable to det]m9e1 z accurately & c>efully z possible1 ! diff]5ce betwe5 reason & und]/&+4 ,= o!rwise its prop] %>e 9 ?is common fruit & jo9t product ( human k c n be ascrib$ to ea* p[] ( m9d & to ea* faculty ( ! s\l1 nor _! prop] places & due limits 9 ! :ole be sev]ally assign$4 ,! faculties1 !n1 ( ! s\l1 :i* /& 9 ! same close relation%ip to ! reason t ! s5ses & ! in/9cts or passions d to ! fancy1 are memory & consci5ce4 ,n[1 memory may be consid]$ ei!r z a gift1 accord+ to its great] or less p[] ( compreh5sion & ret5tion1 or z an art to /r5g!n & facilitate its op]ations by artificial means ( e k9d1 or z a problem to det]m9e h[ f> ! ex]cise ( x con/itutes an ess5tial "p ( man's intellectual culture & developm5t4 ,b x is n 9 any ( ^! po9ts ( view t we h "h to consid] x1 b simply 9 its ess5tial conjunction ) ! reason & rationality1 :i* appe> to be dep5d5t on ?is union4 ,9 o!r words1 we h to reg>d ! memory pr9cipally z ! inw>d clew ( recollection & ( association 9 ! consci\sness1 9 ! ev]-fl[+ /ream ( ?\ght & int]*ange ( ideas4 ,we may1 or1 ,i might r say1 we mu/1 =get inf9itely _m ?+s4 ,b ?is connect+ ?read ( memory be+ once brok51 or de/roy$1 or lo/1 ! reason inv>iably suff]s ) x1 & is injur$1 or its ex]cise limit$1 or1 la/ly1 is r5d]$ totally confus$ & ext9ct4 ,:5ev]1 9 ! extreme decrepitude ( old age1 memory fails1 reason ceases 9 an equal degree to be active & en]getic1 & is supplant$ by m or less ( a fooli% dot+4 ,9 sleep1 no d\bt1 consci\sness is regul>ly int]rupt$1 b /ill x is imm$iately re/or$ aga9 on awak+4 ,if ! contr>y 7 to take place1 if1 z is ! f\ndation ( _m an +5i\s /ory among ! poets1 :5 sudd5ly awak5$ we c\ld n recall our =m] memory & our k1 !n %\ld we be cont9ually fall+ into mi/akes ab\t ourselves & lose all id5tity ( consci\sness4 ,"s su* viol5t int]ruption or r5t 9 ! inw>d memory ( self-consci\sness is inv>iably to be f\nd 9 madness1 & is a lead+ symptom ( x4 ,& "h ,i w\ld m]ely call ^u y to obs]ve a fur!r illu/ration ( :at has be5 already m ?an once po9t$ out4 ,! triple pr9ciple ( body1 s\l1 & _s is aga9 repeat$ & manife/$ ev5 9 ?is sad /ate ( m5tal ali5ation1 & 9 all its diff]5t =ms & species4 ,9 true lunacy or monomania--:i* is g5]ally h>mless & quiet--a radically false b fix$ idea is (t5 associat$1 & is n inconsi/5t ) an extraord9>y %rewdness on all o!r po9ts4 ,nev]!less1 ?is fix$ errone\s idea1 be+ made ! c5t] ( all o!r ?\ghts & ( ! :ole consci\sness1 produces t confusion & t disorganization ( ! m9d :i* *>act]izes ?is =m ( a disord]$ intellect4 ,b 9 true madness1 or fr5zy1 ! seat ( ! disease is 9 ! s\l1 :i*1 hav+ brok5 loose f all ! ties & re/ra9ts ( reason & rational habit1 appe>s to h fall5 a prey to "s ho/ile1 wild1 & rag+ =ce ( nature4 ,9 idiotcy1 la/ly1 especially :]e x is inborn & conjo9$ ) ! p]fection ( ! ext]nal organs ( s5se1 we mu/ assume ! exi/5ce ( "s faulty organization1 "s defect 9 ! bra91 or :atev] else is ! unkn[n b high] organ bo? ( ?\ght & life4 ,! s\rce ( ! la/ is altoge!r physical & corporeal1 :]eas moral causes (t5 co-op]ate 9 ! highe/ degree to ! production ( ! =m] two4 ,! deaf & dumb1 if left :olly to !mselves1 w\ld1 9 all probability1 belong always to ! ?ird class1 s9ce1 ) ! loss ( spee* !y are simultane\sly depriv$ ( a lead+ condition ( rationality4 ,&1 accord+ly1 ! fir/ object ) ^? :o und]take ! difficult task ( tra9+ ^! un=tunate be+s is to furni% !m ) ano!r language1 by means ( signs1 in/ead ( ! ord9>y audible spee* ( :i* ! accid5t ( bir? has depriv$ !m4 ,?is in/ance1 !re=e1 is only a fur!r confirmation ( :at ,i h already advanc$1 t ! intellectual "* is1 9 e respect1 mo/ intimately dep5d5t on ! faculty ( spee*4 ,a m m9ute exam9ation ( ^! matt]s belongs to physical sci5ce4 ,nev]!less1 our pass+ rem>k on ! triple "* ( ?is psy*ological evil1 or mis=tune1 w n1 ,i hope1 be f\nd inappropriate "h1 z af=d+1 ev5 9 ?is n>r[ & special sph]e ( a disord]$ intellect1 a fur!r illu/ration ( ! g5]al pr9ciple ( our !ory ( ! human consci\sness4 ,n[1 ! out] & especially ! high] s5ses may1 by reason ( ! supremacy ( ! fancy1 to :i* !y are subord9ate1 be t]m$1 ) propriety1 s _m appli$ faculties ( imag9ation4 ,9 ! same way we might give ! same designation to ! incl9ations & impulses--! good z well z ! evil--if1 p]haps1 x w\ld n be m accurate to "n !m an imag9ation pass$ into life4 ,9 a simil> way ! memory may be consid]$ z an appli$ reason :i* 9 ! application has become q me*anical & habitual2 = unque/ionably ! logical arrangem5t is ! *ief quality 9 memory4 ,f ?is x d]ives bo? its value & sci5tific utility4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re are c]ta9 acquir$ m5tal aptitudes :i*1 ?\gh orig9ally !y c n be =m$ )\t ! volunt>y ex]cise ( memory1 become at la/ a completely unconsci\s & me*anical op]ation--! facility1 = in/ance1 ( le>n+ by he>t1 or ! acquisition ( =eign languages1 or cat*+ up ( musical tunes4 ,9 all ^! ! reason has become an in/9ct1 j z ! in/9ct ( animals1 _! arti/ic impulse & skill1 may be designat$ an unconsci\s analogy ( reason4 ,9 ?is subord9ate faculty ( ! memory1 ! reason1 agreeably to its specific "*1 exhibits itself z a useful & m9i/]+ ag5t4 ,9 consci5ce1 on ! contr>y1 z its highe/ function1 x assumes a some:at negative "*4 ,b 9 bo? relations1 :e!r z a m9i/]ial or negative faculty ( ?\ght1 ! reason1 9 its place1 is ( ! highe/ value4 ,if occasionally we h seem$ to detract f & to limit its importance1 su* rem>ks h be5 call$ =? by ! undue & ov]we5+ au?ority :i* ! pres5t age w\ld claim = ! reason4 ,?is is ! sole end & mean+ ( our opposition1 :i* is direct$ exclusively aga9/ t spuri\s reason :i* claims to be supreme1 & arrogates to itself a productive p[]2 :]eas1 9 tru?1 x ought n to be ! "o1 & c nev] be ! o!r4 ,! ?\ght :i* di/+ui%es1 divides1 & analyzes1 & t also :i* comb9es1 inf]s1 & concludes--:i*1 z su*1 make up ! faculty ( reason--may be s c>ri$ on 9 indef9ite & inf9ite process1 z ultimately to get entirely rid ( its object-matt]4 ,x is ?is endless ?9k+1 )\t a correspond5t object1 t is ! s\rce ( sci5tific error1 :i*1 z 9 all cases x arises solely out ( ?is vacuum 9 ?9k+1 c only lead to a ?9k+ ( no?+--a cogitation absolutely null & false4 ,f> diff]5t is ! case :]e a memory1 /or$ ) ! ri* mat]ials ( intellectual exp]i5ce1 =ms ! useful basis ( man's /udies & pursuits1 or :]e1 z is ! case ) ! app]ception ( ! consci5ce1 ! object1 ev5 :ile x is less ext5sive & manifold1 is ! m highly & m int5sely important4 ,n[1 z ! reason g5]ally is n only a comb9+ & connect+1 b also a di/+ui%+ faculty ( ?\ght1 s likewise ! consci5ce is a simil> p[] ( draw+ di/9ctions 9 ! ?\ght & 9 ! int]nal consci\sness1 ?\gh 9 a high] & special degree1 & also 9 a diff]5t =m f t :i*1 9 all o!r in/ances1 is discursive reason4 ,= x is by a simple feel+ & imm$iate p]ception t ! consci5ce1 9 ob$i5ce to ! voice )9 man1 draws betwe5 "r & wrong1 or good & evil1 ! greate/ ( all di/9ctions4 ,?is voice ( consci5ce1 :ile x makes itself he>d among all nations1 nev]!less1 "u ! ev] & widely-v>y+ influ5ce ( rul+ ideas ( ! age1 & ( education1 & ( cu/om1 speaks 9 diff]5t times & places1 9 diff]+ tones & dialects4 ,b ^! diff]5ces ext5d only to subord9ate matt]s4 ,! prim>y & ess5tial po9t rema9s un*ang$ & nev] to be mi/ak52 ! same dom9ant tone & key-note s\nds ?r\gh all ^! v>iations--! common tongue & language ( human nature & ( an untaught & innate fe> ( ,god4 ,?is fact has l$ _m to reg>d ! consci5ce z ! pr9cipal s\rce ( all high] & div9e tru?2 ) :om ,i c readily concur1 s long z !y d n mean !reby t x is ! only s\rce1 to ! exclusion ( e o!r4 ,n[ x is surely significant t 9 ,g]man--& all languages furni% num]\s in/ances ( su* significant allusions--! ^w & ! "n ( reason#ag is d]iv$ f t int]nal p]ception ( ! consci5ce :i* con/itutes its highe/ function4 ,:at1 !n1 x may be ask$1 is p]ceiv$ by ?is wond]ful p]ception1 t be=e x ! w inw>dly retires & )draws ev5 its e>li] & mo/ *]i%$ wi%es8 ,! w>n+ voice x is call$1 9 e age & nation4 ,x is1 z x 71 "o :o )9 u w>ns & remon/rates4 ,x is n1 !re=e1 our own ,me1 b z x 7 ano!r1 &1 z a vague feel+ w\ld sugge/1 ( a high] & a diff]5t nature4 ,& n[ by its light t e>li] & retir+ w appe>s 9 l mann] z ano!r self--a l[] false & s$uc+ ,ego--an ali5 p[] :i* w\ld hurry away ourselves & our prop] ,me4 ,b betwe5 ! two--?is high] w>n+ voice on ! "o h&1 & ?is con/ra9+1 compell+ =ce on ! o!r--!re /&s a p[] :i* is free to decide betwe5 !m4 ,& ?is1 z soon z ! decompos+ process is f9i%$1 :i* 9 ! z yet undecid$ w1 or its mix$ /ates1 sep>ates & di/+ui%es betwe5 ! good voice & ! evil incl9ation--rema9s to u z our own ,ego & our prop] self4 ,?is inw>d voice1 & ! imm$iate p]ception ( x1 is an an*or on :i* ! vessel ( man's exi/5ce rides safely on ! /ormy sea ( life1 & ! ebb & ! fl[ ( ! w4 ,9 o!r words1 x is a div9e focus1 or a sacr$ /ay ( tru?4 ,b fur!r1 x mu/ be obs]v$1 t ! und]/&+ ( ?is inn] p]ception1 z ,i h j pa9t$ x1 does n belong to ! reason1 to :i* alone ! p]ceiv+ c itself be ascrib$4 ,! true intellig5ce !re(--its high] int]pretation1 & explanation1 :i* adds to x1 or recognizes 9 x a ref]5ce to ! div9e--mu/1 ev5 because x is an intellectual act1 be ascrib$ to ! und]/&+4 ,! pres5t1 !re=e1 is ! place = a close & accurate inve/igation ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 reason & und]/&+--a "q ( ! highe/ importance = ! :ole !ory ( ! consci\sness1 & its true philosophical int]pretation1 z well z absolutely = e bran* ( sci5ce4 ,= ?is purpose ,i %all foll[ a l9e ( ?\ght some:at unusual1 p]haps1 b :i* on t acc\nt is ev5 ! m likely to c>ry u quickly to ! desir$ end1 & to place ! di/9ction 9 a full & cle> light4 ,i lately employ$ ! some:at hypo!tical comp>ison betwe5 man & a sup]ior ord] ( intellig5ces1 z a means ( illu/rat+ ! faculty ( ! fancy z ! peculi> prop]ty ( ! human consci\sness4 ,& n[ ,i w\ld g a /ep high]1 & f ! ackn[l$g$ *>act]i/ics ( ! div9e intellig5ce1 d]ive ! means ( det]m9+ ! diff]5t functions ( ! human consci\sness1 & ( sett+ ! relations !y /& 91 n only to "o ano!r1 b also to a sup]ior intellect4 ,9 ?is c\rse1 h[ev]1 ,i %all take no?+ = grant$ b :at is well kn[n & g5]ally intelligible4 ,t ,god is a ,_s1 is ! concurr5t voice ( all m51 :]ev] a belief 9 ! "o ,god is pr(ess$1 or ! idea ( a ,div9e ,be+ is diffus$4 ,god is a ,_s1 & !re=e an omnisci5t intellect & an all-mighty w are unanim\sly attribut$ to ,him4 ,?is axiom1 ) :i* a *ild ev5 ( ! mo/ ord9>y intellig5ce c associate "s k9d ( mean+1 is at ! same "t ! fundam5tal pr9ciple :i* is involv$ 9 all t ! deepe/ ?9k] c "k ( ,god4 ,! same faculties1 !re=e1 t make up ! ess5ce & ! two functions ( creat$ spirits--und]/&+ & w--may1 )\t hesitation1 be attribut$ to ! uncreat$ ,_s2 & al?\gh ?is attribution mu/ be und]/ood accord+ to ! exalt$ /&>d ( ! inf9ite di/ance betwe5 ! creature & ! ,creator1 /ill x is made prop]ly & n m]ely by way ( figure4 ,b n[1 9 ,holy ,writ1 & 9 ! language ( pi\s adoration & pray]1 among o!r nations z well z ! ,jewi%1 a multitude ( prop]ties1 faculties1 & s5ses are ascrib$ to ! ,deity 9 p]fectly an?ropomorphic descriptions & imag]y4 ,?us m5tion is ev5 made ( ,8 eye1 ,8 e>1 ,8 guid+ h&1 ,8 mighty arm1 & ! omnipot5t brea? ( ,8 m\?4 ,9 s f> z ^! are admitt$ to be m]e images !re c be no objection to !m1 & x is n easy to see h[ !y c lead to any abuse4 ,& ?is is equally ! case ev5 ) su* expressions z x is pla9 c only be applicable to ! ,deity 9 a figurative s5se--= in/ance1 :5 human passions are ascrib$ to ,him--s9ce1 if employ$ prop]ly & lit]ally1 !y all involve m or less ( imp]fection4 ,& 9 ! same way1 :]e no =getfulness is possible or conceivable1 x c only be 9 a figurative s5se t x is all[able to speak ( memory4 ,& ) /ill less propriety c ! faculty ( consci5ce1 9 its human s5se1 be ascrib$ to ,god4 ,8 balance ( ju/ice--,8 regulative ?\ght--is some?+ v diff]5t f our m]e s5se ( "r4 ,to ascribe consci5ce to ! ,deity w\ld be to conf\nd ! judge on ! b5* ) ! crim9al at ! b>4 ,ev5 ! fir/ man1 z long z he 0 yet innoc5t1 knew n consci5ce4 ,= ! s5se ( guilt1 & ! faculty ( p]ceiv+ x1 mu/ at ! v e>lie/ h come simultane\sly ) ! transgression itself1 if x 0 n1 r1 consequ5t ^u x4 ,9 ! application to ! ,deity ( su* figurative language1 great lic5se is ( c\rse all[able4 ,! "q1 h[ev]1 :i* conc]ns u 9 a philosophical po9t ( view is :e!r1 9 ! same prop] s5se z und]/&+ & w1 s also ! o!r faculties :i* are s peculi>ly di/9ctive ( man--reason & fancy1 or ! s\l--c be attribut$ to ! ,div9e ,be+4 ,n[ x is at once evid5t t1 f> beyond all o!r figurative expressions1 x w\ld be p]fectly unsuitable to ascribe fancy to ,god4 ,we feel cle>ly en\gh t by s do+ we %\ld be leav+ ! safe gr\nd ( tru? = ! trea*]\s doma9 ( my?ology4 ,t inn] m9e ( intellectual ri*es :i* man 9 8 weak measure f9ds 9 ! faculty ( fancy1 is1 9 ! case ( ! ,div9e ,be+1 furni%$ once & = all by ,8 omnipot5t w2 :i* ( itself creates & produces its object1 &1 unlike creat$ be+s1 is n conf9$ to any limit$ data or to a *oice betwe5 !m4 ,"h1 !n1 ! ,almighty w itself is ! full fa!rly he>t--embrac+1 n\ri%+1 & su/a9+ all creatures--or ev5 ! liv+ mat]nal womb ( et]nal g5]ation1 & requires no new & special faculty = ?is end4 ,9 ! next place1 z to ! s\l3 ! expression ( ! s\l ( ,god does1 inde$1 occur 9 "s ( ! less kn[n ,*ri/ian writ]s ( ! fir/ c5turies ( ! *ur*1 b x soon fell into disuse--f a fe>1 probably1 ( its lead+ to a confusion ( idea1 & be+ id5tifi$ ) a m]e s\l ( ! _w4 ,b h[ev] t may be1 ! s\l is simply a passive faculty1 & !re=e1 on t acc\nt alone1 is highly inappropriate z appli$ to ,god4 ,t ?ird prop]ty :i* 9 ! ,div9e nature is associat$ ) an omnisci5t intellig5ce or und]/&+1 & an omnipot5t w1 c n be call$ ! s\l ( ,god1 b is ev5 ! _s ( love1 9 :i* bo? und]/&+ & w unite & are "o4 ,& if ?is ?ird prop]ty be add$ to ! axiomatic def9ition ( ! ,deity already allud$ to1 !n 9 ! proposition1 ,god is a _s ( love1 ! d\ble pr$icate 9 its ess5tial import involves all t man 9 g5]al1 & ev5 ! pr(\nde/ ?9k]1 c prop]ly "k ( ,god4 ,all besides is a m]e expansion or elucidation ( ?is prim>y & fundam5tal ?\ght4 ,moreov]1 if x is n all[able to ascribe fancy or a s\l to ,god1 s nei!r c ,he be spok5 ( z possess+ reason z an ess5tial faculty 9 ! same prop] s5se z und]/&+ & w are attribut$ to ,him4 ,god is inde$ ! au?or ( reason2 & ! s\nd reason is ev5 t :i* adh]es to ! c5t] ( tru?1 z ,he1 9 creat+ x1 design$ & ord]$4 ,b f ?is x does n by any means foll[ t ,he is himself ! reason :i* ,he has creat$1 or t ,he is ev5 "o ) x4 ,7 x s1 !n ! advocates ( absolute sci5ce1 ! rationali/s1 w\ld be 9 ! "r2 9 su* a case1 ! k ( ,god 7 9 tru? a sci5ce ( reason1 inasmu* z l c only be kn[n by l4 ,b n[1 if x be n reason1 b r und]/&+1 t1 ) ! co-op]ation ( all ! o!r faculties bo? ( s\l & _s1 is ! prop] organ = acquir+ a k ( ! div9e1 & ! only means by :i* man c arrive at a "r appreh5sion !re(2 !n is ! k ( ,god simply & entirely a sci5ce ( exp]i5ce1 al?\gh ( a high & peculi> k9d1 by reason ( ! f9it5ess & frailty ( man z comp>$ ) su* an object4 ,z ! fancy is ! appreh5sion or seiz+ ( an object1 ! reason a comb9ation or di/9ction1 s ! und]/&+ is ! faculty :i* p5etrates1 &1 9 its highe/ degree1 cle>ly sees ?r\gh its object4 ,we und]/& a ph5om5on1 a s5sation1 an object1 :5 we h disc]n$ its inmo/ mean+1 its peculi> "* & prop] significance4 ,& ! same is ! case ev5 :5 ?is object be a spee* & communication address$ to u--a ^w or disc\rse giv5 u to extract its mean+4 ,if we h disc]n$ ! design :i* is involv$ 9 su* a communication1 its real mean+ & purpose1 !n may we be said to h und]/ood x1 ev5 ?\gh "s m9uti 9 ! expression may /ill rema9 un9telligible1 :i*1 z n belong+ ess5tially to ! :ole1 we put aside & leave unconsid]$4 ,!re are1 !re=e1 _m /eps & degrees 9 und]/&+--v diff]5t phases & species ( x4 ,a famili> in/ance w1 p]haps1 elucidate ?is matt]4 ,we w suppose ! case ( an extremely r>e & rem>kable1 or1 p]haps1 hi!rto :olly unkn[n1 plant1 br\ght to our c\ntry f a =eign clime4 ,! naturali/1 hav+ exam9$ its /ructure & organs1 assigns x to a p>ticul> class ( ! high] botanical g5]a1 :]e x ei!r belongs to "s l[] species or =ms an exception4 ,! *emi/1 aga91 :5 ! plant is br\ght be=e 8 notice1 conjectures1 f c]ta9 o!r *>act]s1 t x is =m$ ( su* or su* elem5t>y p>ts2 :ile ! physician1 on o!r gr\nds1 concludes t 9 c]ta9 diseases x w probably s]ve z a rem$y1 equally if n m efficaci\s ?an o!r h]bs or roots previ\sly employ$ = t purpose4 ,n[1 if ! two la/ h judg$ correctly1 if _! conjectures be confirm$ by trial & exp]im5t1 !n w all ! ?ree h und]/ood ! plant1 & ea* 9 8 own dep>tm5t h le>n$ & disc]n$ its intr9sic "*4 ,aga93 h[ sl[ly1 /ep by /ep & gradually1 d m5 atta9 to ! und]/&+ ( "s anci5t1 =eign1 & difficult language4 ,x comm5ces1 p]haps1 ) ! long & difficult deciph]+ ( a manuscript or inscription1 ) an alphabet incomplete or imp]fectly kn[n1 & aft] mu* pa9ful labor ! f9al discov]y ( its true mean+ is made p]haps by "s =tunate accid5t :i* all at once ?r[s a full light ^u x4 ,a rem>kable in/ance1 9 our own days1 w bo? elucidate ! matt]1 & s]ve at ! same "t to prove h[ a high] ,provid5ce regulates ev5 ! progress ( sci5ce4 ,= m ?an a mill5ium & a half _h ! hi]oglyphics ( an anci5t race rema9$ un9telligible to & undeciph]$ by a po/]ity ( ali5s1 :5 at la/1 amid ! rec5t commotions & tempe/s ( ! political _w1 a happy accid5t br\ght ! secret to light4 ,:o c =get ! brilliant & dazzl+ expectations :i* hail$ ! dep>ture ( ! ,fr5* exp$ition = ,egypt8 ,h[ 0 all ,europe electrifi$ at ! bold project ( plant+ at ! foot ( ! ,pyramids a colony ( ,european art & civilization4 ,! ent]prise itself fail$1 & 0 soon =gott5 amid /ill m important ev5ts & great] revolutions2 & ! humble monum5t ) its triple inscription1 :i* 0 c>ri$ away f ,egypt1 is all1 if we may s speak1 t rema9s ( x4 ,b t has unque/ionably f\nd$ a great epo* 9 ! peaceful empire ( sci5ce4#ah ,= a :ole g5]ation ! le>n$ labor$ to deciph] x ) b sl[ & v imp]fect success1 :5 at la/ a happy co9cid5ce pres5ts itself1 & sudd5ly ! key is f\nd4 ,& al?\gh ( ! sev5 hundr$ secret symbols1 sc>cely m ?an "o hundr$ are z yet made out1 /ill ev5 ^! h op5$ a wide vi/a into ! spaci\s doma9 ( ! d>k orig9es ( man's hi/ory4 ,& ?is 0 effect$ at a "t :5 man _h j le>n$ to put toge!r a few *>act]s ( ! great alphabet ( nature1 & "h & !re to deciph] a ^w or two ( its hi]oglyphical language1 :ile at ! same "t /reams ( hi/orical k began to fl[ d[n f ! remote/ antiquity ( ! human race1 confirm+ & sett+ 9 ! cle>e/ light ! be/ ( all t we _h be=e possess$1 & excit+ a hope t we might1 p]haps1 be also able to und]/& ! obscure hi]oglyphics ( our own age1 & ! fe>ful w> ( m9ds :i* is comm5c+ 9 x4 ,su* is ! c\rse ( ?+s1 or1 r1 ! high] ,provid5ce t rules !re92 & x 0 to ?is1 *iefly1 t ,i wi%$ to call y\r att5tion by ?is digression4 ,?us sl[ & gradual1 b p]man5t1 are ! progressive /eps 9 ! gr[? & developm5t ( true human sci5ce1 :i* is f\nd$ on exp]i5ce--! int]nal z well z ext]nal1 ! high] z well z ! l[]--& on tradition1 language1 & revelation4 ,b1 on ! contr>y1 t false1 or1 z ,i t]m$ x at ! outset1 t unhuman & absolute k1 z x pret5ds to embrace all at once1 & by "o /ep to place u 9 full possession ( ! :ole sum ( human k1 s1 ev] fluctuat+ betwe5 be+ & non-be+1 x soon dissolves into ?9 air1 & leaves no?+ beh9d b a baseless void ( absolute non-kn[+4 ,ill w\ld x f>e ) ! k ( ,god & ( div9e ?+s1 if !y 7 left to be discov]$1 &1 z x 71 fir/ e/abli%$ by human reason4 ,ev5 ?\gh1 9 su* a case1 ! intellectual edifice 7 nev] s well built & compact1 /ill1 z x _h orig9ally issu$ out ( man's ?\ghts1 x w\ld be ev] %ak+ be=e ! d\bt :e!r x 7 any ?+ bett] ?an an idea1 or _h any reality out ( ! human m9d4 ,= ?is d\bt is ! f\ndation ( all idealism1 to :i*1 (t5 recurr+ "u diff]+ =ms ( error1 x does b give a fre% creation & new %ape4 ,ev5 f ?is side1 consequ5tly1 x is app>5t t no liv+ c]ta9ty & complete reality is atta9able by x4 ,easy1 9 tru?1 7 x f ?is position to evolve ! ideas ( ! illimitable1 & ! inf9ite1 & ! absolute2 & ( su* developm5ts !re is no lack4 ,b !y are at be/ b pure negations1 :i* d n s]ve 9 ! lea/ to expla9 t :i* is mo/ necess>y = u to und]/&4 ,curi\s1 inde$1 %\ld ,i be to see ! process by :i*1 out ( ?is pet metaphysical idea ( ! absolute1 any "o positive notion ( ,god--,8 pati5ce1 = example1 & long-suff]+--is to be d$uc$4 ,/range1 too1 mu/ be ! way 9 :i* alone x c\ld c>ry out ! pro( t ! absolute ,deity1 or z man pref]s1 x seems1 to say1 ! ,absolute1 c n disp5se ) ! possession ( ?is attribute ( pati5ce1 on :i*1 h[ev]1 be=e all o!rs1 x is important = man to insi/4 ,moreov]1 ?is "* ( absolut5ess is appli$ to ! ,deity 9 a mann] :i* is altoge!r false & errone\s4 ,t ,god1 9 ! mode ( 8 exi/5ce1 is unlimit$--t ! ,fir/ ,cause is n dep5d5t on1 & c n be qualifi$ by any o!r be+1 is self-evid5t1 & is no?+ b a m]e id5tical proposition4 ,b ?is "* does n admit ( be+ appli$ to 8 inn] ess5ce1 or ,8 ess5tial attributes 9 relation to man & ! :ole creation4 ,wo to all m51 nay1 we might r say1 wo to all creat$ be+s1 if ,god 7 really absolute--if1 = in/ance1 ,8 ju/ice1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is ! fir/ & pr9cipal ( all ,8 attributes1 7 n manifoldly modifi$1 limit$1 & condition$ by ,8 goodness1 ,8 m]cy1 & ,8 pati5ce4 ,be=e su* a ju/ice ( ,god1 if x 7 at once to make su* an unconditional manife/ation ( itself1 ! :ole _w 9 t]ror w\ld s9k 9 du/ & a%es4 ,b x is n s4 ,man does hope--he mu/ believe--ay1 we may g on & add1 man does "k1 t ! div9e ju/ice is n unconditional1 b is 9 an em95t degree limit$ by ,8 fa!rly love & goodness4 ,no d\bt1 too1 x mu/ n1 on ! o!r h&1 be =gott51 t ! div9e love & grace are also condition$ by ! attribute ( ju/ice1 :at1 h[ev]1 9 a c]ta9 effem9ate !ology ( a rec5t day1 seems to h be5 totally ov]look$4 ,h[ev]1 ?is grave error ( a too s5tim5tal view ( div9e ?+s is n[ pretty g5]ally recogniz$ z su*1 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 ab&on$4 ,moreov]1 x does n prop]ly lie )9 ! scope ( our pres5t disquisition4 ,n[1 ! position t ! ju/ice & ! grace ( ,god mutually limit ea* o!r1 involves no?+ un9telligible1 or1 9 ?is s5se1 inconceivable2 z1 h[ev]1 is ! case ) ! baseless phantom ( ! absolute1 :]e ! empty phrase becomes only ! m un9telligible ! m frequ5tly x is repeat$4 ,h[ mu* m correct1 9 ?is respect1 7 ! def9itions & di/9ctions ( ! great philosoph]s ( antiquity1 especially ! ,py?agoreans4 ,) !m ! limitless & ! indet]m9ate 7 ev5 ! imp]fect & ! evil1 & ! =m] !y reg>d$ z ! *>act]i/ic m>ks ( ! latt]2 :ile ! fix$ly def9ite & positive1 :i* =ms ! v he>t & core ( p]sonality1 0 ) !m id5tical ) ! good3 & unque/ionably1 ,god's p]sonality--! fundam5tal notion1 ! prop] & univ]sal dogma ( e religion t ackn[l$ges ! "o true ,god--is ! true c5t] ar\nd :i* ! :ole inquiry revolves4 ,= ! "q is1 :e!r philosophy1 :ile x all[s ?is idea to /& inde$ ext]nally1 & app>5tly--= ev5 9 ,g]many only "o has be5 f\nd bold en\gh to d5y x expressly & )\t res]ve--int5ds all ! :ile to put x quietly aside1 & secretly to entomb x by refus+ to see 9 x any ?+ m ?an an illusion ( ! natural feel+s4 ,! po9t at issue is :e!r1 by s tea*+1 philosophy is to come into direct collision ) "o ( man's mo/ univ]sal & deeply-root$ feel+s1 & to produce an et]nal s*ism--an irreconcilable discord--n only betwe5 sci5ce & fai?1 b ev5 betwe5 sci5ce & life4 ,= to unsettle life1 is ev5 ! necess>y result ( rationalism4 ,b let u n[ turn f ! 8,absolute0 ( reason to ! p]sonal ,god ( ! believ]s among all peoples & times4 ,if1 n[1 ! k ( ,god be n a discov]y ( ! reason1 ^: prop] (fice is to analyze & inve/igate--if1 on ! contr>y1 we are only able to und]/& ( ,him s mu* z is giv5 & imp>t$ to u1 !n ! matt] assumes q ano!r aspect4 ,if ,god has conf]r$ a k ( ,himself ^u man--if ,he has spok5 to him1 has reveal$ ,himself to him--z is ! common tradition ( all anci5t nations1 ! m unanim\sly corroborat$ ! old] !y are--!n is ! p[] to und]/& ?is div9e communication giv5 toge!r & at ! same "t ) x1 ev5 ?\gh we %\ld be =c$ to all[ t ?is intellectual capacity be limit$ by human frailty & extremely imp]fect4 ,to take our e/imate ( x z l[ z possible1 we w conceive x to be some?+ l ! degree ( intellig5ce ) :i* a *ild eighte5 mon?s old und]/&s its "m4 ,mu* x does n und]/& at all2 o!r ?+s x mi/akes1 or p]haps does n fully att5d to1 & its answ]s1 too1 are n mu* to ! purpose2 b some?+1 nev]!less1 x does und]/&--?is we see cle>ly en\gh4 ,on ?is po9t we %\ld n be likely to be l$ a/ray1 ev5 ?\gh ! !ori/ %\ld wi% to raise a d\bt on ! matt]1 by attempt+ to prove t ! *ild c\ld n prop]ly und]/& its "m1 s9ce = t purpose x w\ld be necess>y = x to h previ\sly le>n$ ?or\ghly & me?odically ! elem5ts ( gramm>4 ,we believe1 h[ev]1 :at1 inde$1 we see1 t man's p[] ( und]/&+ div9e ?+s is really v imp]fect4 ,= ! relation betwe5 ! *ild a ye> & a half old & its "m completely repres5ts t ( man to ,god1 ) ! m ?an half-imp]fect organs t are giv5 him = ?is purpose--) 8 s manifoldly limit$ m9d or _s1 :i* is a sp>k ( heav5ly light1 inde$1 b /ill only a sp>k--a drop out ( ! ocean ( ! inf9ite :ole--&1 moreov]1 ) 8 half-s\l4 ,= half-s\l we may & mu/ call x 9 ?is respect1 s9ce ) ! "o half x is turn$ to ! e>?1 & /ill :olly frat]nizes ) ! s5sible _w2 :ile ) ! o!r x is direct$ to1 & is p]cipi5t (1 ! div9e4 ,b su* a *ildlike & humble docility w n satisfy ! pr\d reason1 & s x is ev] turn+ aga9 to ! o!r absolute road ( a false1 imag9>y1 & unhuman k4 ,fundam5tally1 h[ev]1 ^? two words1#ai :i* alone man c be c]ta9 ( ) respect to ,god1 w\ld1 s9ce ,god inv>iably imp>ts to e creature its due measure1 be q en\gh1 if only man w\ld always rightly apply & fai?fully pres]ve !m4 ,n[1 to ?is fir/ hypo!sis we might app5d ! fur!r "q3--suppos+ t ,god has imp>t$ a k ( ,himself to mank9d--has spok5 to !m1 & reveal$ ,himself to !m--is x n highly probable t ,he has orda9$ "s in/itution = ! fur!r propagation & diffusion ( reveal$ tru?1 & also = ! ma9t5ance z well ( its orig9al integrity z also ( ! "r int]pretation ( x8 ,b ,i mu/ cont5t myself ) m]ely advanc+ ?is "q4 ,i c n attempt to prosecute x 9 ! pres5t place2 = its fur!r consid]ation w\ld c>ry u out ( ! e/abli%$ limits ( philosophy into ! doma9 ( hi/ory1 & x involves1 moreov]1 ! positive articles ( fai?4 ,b ! previ\s "q1 :e!r ! k ( ,god1 :i* we ei!r possess or are capable ( possess+1 be a sci5ce ( absolute reason1 or r an und]/&+ ( giv5 data1 & consequ5tly a sci5ce ( exp]i5ce1 & re/+1 ultimately1 on revelation--?is c]ta9ly falls )9 ! scope ( philosophical inve/igation4 ,inde$1 x =ms ! *iefe/ & mo/ ess5tial problem ( philosophy1 inasmu* z x is prop]ly ! v "q ( be+ & non-be+--( a true & human1 or ( an empty & imag9>y sci5ce--t is "h to be decid$4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 a precise & correct phraseology is ( ! utmo/ importance t[>d a "r solution ( ?is lead+ topic ( philosophical inquiry4 ,n[1 x is a fact des]v+ ( rem>k1 & well calculat$ to arre/ our att5tion1 t n[h]e 9 ,holy ,writ1 n[h]e 9 all antiquity1 or 9 any ( ! great tea*]s & philosoph]s ( old5 "t1 is !re any m5tion made ( ,god's reason--b univ]sally x is intellig5ce or und]/&+1 an omnisci5t intellig5ce t is ascrib$ to ,him4 ,! wrongful int]*ange ( ! two words 0 res]v$ exclusively = our mod]n times1 & = ! epo* ( ! absolute rule ( reason1 & ( ! worse ?an ,babyloni% confusion ( sci5tific t]ms :i* has aris5 out ( x4 ,! only exceptions f ! previ\s rem>k1 :i* may be f\nd 9 antiquity1 are conf9$ to "o or two ( ! ,/oics4 ,b :5 we reflect h[ greatly _! :ole *apt] on ! ,deity labors "u ! evil influ5ce ( t doctr9e ( an inevitable necessity & bl9d fate1 :i* =ms ! reproa* ( ! :ole ,/oical !ory1 ?is app>5t exception s]ves to confirm ! g5]al rule1 t a wrong use ( language inv>iably has its s\rce 9 a rationali/ic basis ( speculation1 or1 p]haps1 is itself ! spr+ & occasion ( t errone\s po9t ( view4 ,god is unque/ionably ! au?or ( reason4 ,if1 !re=e1 any "o be dispos$ to call ! div9e ord] ( ?+s 7:i*1 h[ev]1 is n ! ,deity himself7 a div9e reason1 ?is is a m]e matt] ( indiff]5ce4 ,only 9 su* a case ! "q to be agitat$ w\ld n involve ! m]e expression1 b r ! mean+ :i* is associat$ ) x4 ,b1 = my "p1 ,i %\ld pref] to avoid a mode ( speak+ :i* might give rise to great misconception4 ,& ?is is ! m desirable ! m ne$ful x is at all times c>efully to di/+ui% betwe5 ! true & s\nd reason & its contr>y4 ,god is ! au?or ( ! s\nd reason1 i4e41 ( ! reason :i* foll[s & is ob$i5t to ! div9e ord]4 ,b ! o!r1 ! rebelli\s reason1 has = its s\rce t _s ( negation :i* e :]e opposes ,god1 & has drawn s great a "p ( creation aft] him 9 8 fall4 ,=1 hav+ lo/ 8 true c5t]1 & f9d+ none 9 himself1 t evil _s1 ) indescribable desire & rag+ passionat5ess1 seeks to f9d "o 9 ! disord]$ _w ( s5se1 & 9 its noble/ ornam5t--ev5 9 ! s\l ( man1 ! v jewel ( creation4 ,& ?is is ev5 ! orig9 ( ! rebelli\s reason4 ,& x is rebelli\s ev5 because hav+ w&]$ f its c5t] 9 ! lov+ s\l1 :i* aga9 has its c5t] 9 ,god1 x has ?r[n (f ! ob$i5ce ( love1 t holy bond :i* reta9s ! s\l 9 subjection to ! div9e ord]4 ,h[ f> 9 ! pres5t day1 amid ! f]m5t+ rationali/ic m$ley :i* con/itutes ! _s ( ! age1 t s\nd reason :i* will+ly foll[s & obs]ves ! div9e ord]1 or t rebelli\s reason :i* is absolute 9 itself1 has ! upp] h&1 & =ms ! pr$om9ant elem5t1 is a "q easy ( solution4 ,x is "o :i* ,i am cont5t to leave to ! decision ( all :o are 9 any degree acqua9t$ ) ! prevail+ tone ( sci5ce & ( life4 ,! philosophy :i* ,i h "h und]tak5 to develop1 sett+ out f ! s\l z ! beg9n+ & fir/ subject ( its speculations1 contemplates ! m9d or _s z its highe/ & supreme object4 ,accord+ly1 9 its doctr9e ( ! ,deity1 directly oppos+ e rationali/ic t5d5cy1 x conceives ( ,him & repres5ts him z a liv+ _s1 a p]sonal ,god1 & n m]ely z an absolute reason1 or a rational ord]4 ,if1 !re=e1 = ! sake ( di/9ction1 x requires "s peculi> & *>act]i/ic designation1 x might1 9 contra/ ) ^? errors ( ,mat]ialism & ,idealism :i* ,i h describ$ & condemn$1 be v aptly t]m$ ,spiritualism4 ,b our doctr9e is n any su* sy/em ( reason z ! o!rs pret5d to be4 ,x is an inw>d exp]im5tal sci5ce ( a high] ord]4 ,su* a designation1 consequ5tly1 bespeak+ z x does1 a pret5sion ( sy/em1 is n v appropriate1 & is1 at all ev5ts1 sup]flu\s4 ,x is be/ indicat$ by a simple "n1 su* z we h giv5 x 9 call+ x a philosophy ( life4 ,moreov]1 ! revelation by :i* ,god makes himself kn[n to man1 does n admit ( be+ limit$ exclusively to ! writt5 ^w4 ,nature itself is a book writt5 on bo? sides1 bo? )9 & )\t1 9 e l9e ( :i* ! f+] ( ,god is disc]nible4 ,x is1 z x 71 a ,holy ,writ 9 visible =m & bodily %ape--a song ( praise on ! ,creator's omnipot5ce compos$ 9 liv+ imag]y4 ,b besides ,scripture & nature--^? two great witnesses to ! greatness & maje/y ( ,god--!re is 9 ! voice ( consci5ce no?+ less ?an a div9e revelation )9 man4 ,?is is ! fir/ awak5+ call to ! two o!r l\d] & full] proclamations ( reveal$ tru?4 ,&1 la/ly1 9 univ]sal hi/ory we h set be=e u a real & manifold application & progressive developm5t ( revelation4 ,"h ! lum9\s ?reads ( a div9e & high] guidance glimm] ?r\gh ! rem>kable ev5ts ( hi/ory4 ,=1 n only 9 ! c>e] ( :ole ages & nations1 b also 9 ! lives ( individuals1 ! rul+ & b5ignant h& ( ,provid5ce is e :]e visible4 ,f\rfold1 consequ5tly1 is ! s\rce ( revelation1 f :i* man d]ives 8 k ( ! ,deity1 le>ns 8 w1 & und]/&s 8 op]ation & p[]--consci5ce1 nature1 ,holy ,writ1 & univ]sal hi/ory4 ,! tea*+ ( ! latt] is (t5 ( t e>ne/ & awful k9d1 to :i* we may1 9 a l>ge s5se1 apply ! adage1 8,:o w n le>n mu/ feel40 ,h[ (t5 does x %[ u "s mighty edifice ( =tune1 :i*1 hav+ no firm basis 9 ! deep soil ( tru? & ! div9e ord]1 ow$ its rapid gr[? & false spl5dor to "s evil influ5ce1 fall+ sudd5ly 9 ru9s1 z if /rick5 by ! invisible brea? ( a sup]ior p[]4 ,on su* occasions ! public feel+ recognizes ! h& :i* sets a limit to e tem]ity 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w--to e extravagance ( a false confid5ce--& appo9ts x its ultimate t]m4 ,& ! old5 notion 7:i*1 ) m5 ( ! day1 _h become little m ?an an antiquat$ leg5d7 ( ,god's retributive ju/ice1 resumes its place among ! actuat+ s5tim5ts ( life1 ) new & int5se significance4 ,! sublime tru?1 h[ev]1 is only too soon =gott51 & ! tempor>y al>m subsides b too quickly into ! habitual calm ( a false security--t old & h]$it>y feel+ ( human nature4 ,! volume ( ,holy ,writ1 z x is transmitt$ to u1 & 0 fir/ comm5c$ ab\t ?ree-&-?irty c5turies ago1 does n exclude ! possibility ( an e>li] sacr$ tradition 9 ! tw5ty-f\r c5turies :i* prec$$ x4 ,s f>1 inde$1 is ! supposition ( su* an orig9al revelation f be+ inconsi/5t ) ,scripture1 t1 on ! contr>y1 x conta9s explicit allusions to ! fact1 t su* a manifold enlight5m5t 0 imp>t$ to ! fir/ man1 z well z to t patri>* :o1 aft] ! de/ruction ( ! primeval _w ( giants1 0 ! second prog5itor ( mank9d4 ,b z ?is div9e k1 d]iv$ imm$iately f ! prim>y s\rce ( all illum9ation1 fl[$ d[n 9 free & unconf9$ *annels to succe$+ g5]ations1 & to ! diff]5t nations :i* bran*$ (f f ! p>5t /ock1 ! orig9al sacr$ traditions 7 soon disfigur$ & ov]load$ ) fictions & fables4 ,9 ^!1 h[ev]1 a ri* abundance ( rem>kable ve/iges & preci\s g]ms ( div9e tru? 7 mix$ up ) ,bac*analian rites & immoral my/]ies4 ,& ?us1 amid a multitude ( s5su\s & /imulat+ images1 ! pure & simple tru? 0 buri$1 z 9 a second *aos1 "u a mass ( contradictory symbols4 ,h5ce arose t ,babyloni% confusion ( languages1 emblems1 & leg5ds1 :i* is univ]sally to be met ) among anci5t1 & ev5 ! mo/ primitive nations4 ,9 ! great "w1 !re=e1 ( purification1 & ( a re/oration ( true religion 7:i* we may call a second revelation1 or1 at lea/1 z a second /age !re(71 a rigid exclusion ( ?is hea!ni% admixture ( fable & immorality 0 ! fir/ & mo/ ess5tial requisite4 ,b ^? old] revelations1 imp>t$ to ! fir/ man & ! second prog5itor ( mank9d1 are expressly laid d[n z ! gr\ndwork ( t evangel ( ! creation1 :i* =ms ! introduction to ! :ole volume ( ,scripture1 & furni%es u !reby ) a key to und]/& ! hi/ory & religion ( ! primitive _w--or1 to speak absolutely1 ! true ,g5esis ( ! exi/+ _w1 its hi/ory & its sci5ce4 ,?is d\ble pr9ciple1 expressly recogniz+1 on ! "o h&1 an orig9al revelation & div9e illum9ation ( ! fir/ prog5itors ( ! human race1 ( :i* ! old5 & less corrupt$ monum5ts ( hea!nism /ill reta9 _m a trace2 &1 on ! o!r1 /rictly reject+ ! additions ( a corrupt & deg5]at$ hea!nism1 ) all its tissue ( fables & false1 godless my/]ies1 mu/ be kept /eadily 9 view 9 exam9+ ! e>lie/ portions ( ! sacr$ ,scriptures4 ,= ! neglect1 or imp]fect consid]ation ( x1 has already l$1 & is ev] likely to give rise to _m complicat$ d\bts & p]v]t$ views1 :i* imp]il n only ! simple und]/&+ ( ! :ole body ( reveal$ ,scripture1 b ev5 ! "r conception ( revelation4 ,x w\ld seem1 !n1 t n only philosophical1 b absolutely e high] species ( k is an int]nal sci5ce ( exp]i5ce4 ,= ! =mal sci5ce ( ma!matics is n a positive sci5ce = ! cognition ( a real object1 s mu* z an organon & aid = o!r sci5ces1 :i*1 h[ev]1 z su*1 is bo? excell5t 9 itself1 & admits ( _m useful applications4 ,we may1 !re=e1 on ?is hypo!sis consid] ea* ( ^! f\r faculties ( man1 :i* ,i h call$ ! pr9cipal poles or lead+ bran*es ( human consci\sness1 z a peculi> s5se = a p>ticul> doma9 ( tru?4 ,= all exp]i5ce & all sci5ce !re( re/s on "s cognitive s5se z ! organ ( its imm$iate p]ceptions4 ,n[1 ! reason1 :i*1 9 its =m ( consci5ce1 ann\nces itself z an int]nal s5se ( "r & wrong1 is1 z ! faculty = ! developm5t & communication ( ?\ght1 usually nam$ ! common s5se4 ,x con/itutes ! bond ( connection betwe5 m5 & _! ?\ghts1 :i* is dep5d5t on & condition$ by language & its organ1 & may be call$ ! s5se = all t is di/9ctively human4 ,9 ?is respect x =ms ! f\ndation & fir/ grade ( all o!r s5ses =1 & imm$iate organs (1 a high] k4 ,fancy1 aga91 be+ itself b a reflection ( life & ( ! liv+ p[]s ( ! natural _w1 is ! inw>d s5se = nature1 :i*1 z w h]eaft] be m fully %[n1 fir/ l5ds & assures to natural sci5ce its due import & true liv+ significance4 ,&1 inasmu* z ! p]fect intellection ( a s+le object results f ! totality alone--! significance & _s ( ! :ole--!re=e ! und]/&+ is ! s5se = t m9d gei/ :i* manife/s itself 9 ! s5sible _w1 :e!r ?is be a human or natural1 or ! supreme ,div9e intellig5ce4 ,n[1 if we may v5ture to consid] ! f\rfold revelation ( ,god 9 consci5ce1 9 nature1 9 ,holy ,writ1 & ! _w's hi/ory1 z s _m liv+ spr+s or f]tiliz+ /reams ( a high] tru?1 we mu/ suppose ! exi/5ce ( a good soil to receive ! wat] ( life & ! good se$ ( div9e k4 ,= )\t an organ ( susceptibility = good to receive ! div9e gift f above1 no am\nt ( revelation w\ld b5efit man4 ,n[1 ! s\l1 s susceptible ( good on all sides1 bo? f )9 & f )\t1 is ev5 ?is organ = ! reception ( revelation4 ,& ?is function ( ! s\l1 toge!r ) its creation ( language z ! out] =m ( human k1 con/itutes its contribution to sci5ce1 & especially to int]nal sci5ce4 ,& ev5 ) ! und]/&+1 z ! s5se :i* disc]ns ! mean+ & purport ( revelation1 ! s\l is co-op]ative--s9ce no?+ div9e c be und]/ood m]ely 9 ! idea1 & ( & by itself alone1 b 9 e case a feel+ = x mu/ h prec$$1 or1 at lea/1 contribut$ t[>d its complete und]/&+4 ,! s\l1 consequ5tly1 :i* is ?us susceptible ( ! div9e1 is ev] in=m+ itself ab\t1 or co-op]at+ 9 ! acquisition ( a k ( ! ,godlike4 ,& ?is1 ! s\l's love & pursuit ( div9e tru?1 :51 unfold+ itself 9 ?\ght1 x comes =? 9 an inve/iture ( words1 is ev5 philosophy--n1 inde$1 ! dead sophi/ic ( ! s*ools1 b "o :i*1 z x is a philosophy ( life1 c be no?+ less ?an liv+4 ,& ! s\l1 ?us ard5tly ye>n+ = ! div9e1 & bo? receiv+ & fai?fully ma9ta9+ ! reveal$ ,^w1 is ! common c5t] t[>d :i* all ! f\r spr+s ( life & /reams ( tru? conv]ge4 ,9 free m$itation x reconciles & comb9es !m4 ,on ?is acc\nt ! olde/ & mo/ natural =m ( philosophy 0 t ( dialogue1 :i* did n1 h[ev]1 exclude ! occasional introduction ( a simple n>rative1 or ! cont9u\s explanation ( high] & ab/rus] que/ions4 ,philosophy1 accord+ly1 might n inappropriately be def9$ z a dialogue ( ! s\l 9 its free m$itation on div9e ?+s4 ,& ?is 0 ! v =m x actually possess$ among ! e>lie/ & noble/ ( ! philosoph]s ( antiquity--fir/ ( all really & orally1 z ) ,py?agoras & ,socrates1 & la/ly 9 its writt5 exposition1 ( :i* /yle ,plato 0 ! great & consummate ma/]4 ,b x 0 only to ! noble/ & be/ ( all ranks1 ?\gh )\t di/9ction ( age or sex1 t ^! ! greate/ m5 ( antiquity communicat$ _! treasures ( philosophical wisdom4 ,9 ?is c\rse ,py?agoras fir/ set ! example1 :i*1 on ! :ole1 0 foll[$ also by ,socrates & ,plato4 ,=1 9 g5]al1 ! latt] conf9$ _! philosophical tea*+ to a select circle1 & imp>t$ x1 z x 71 "u ! seal ( fri5d%ip1 to su* only z 9 ! social int]c\rse ( life !y admitt$ to close & famili> intimacy4 ,occasional exceptions 71 p]haps1 furni%$ by _! disputes ) ! sophi/s1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* !y 7 con/ra9$ to adopt1 n only ! weapons1 b also ! me?od ( _! adv]s>ies--a lic5se ( :i* ,plato1 p]haps1 has too (t5 avail$ himself1 ev5 if he has n sometimes abus$ x4 ,= ab\t ?is "t ! sophi/s introduc$ a practice z errone\s z _! doctr9e 0 false4 ,publi%+ _! philosophemes to ! :ole p1 !y treat$ x & qu>rel$ ab\t x 9 ! m>ket-place z a common p>ty matt]4 ,su* a proc$ure 0 9 e s5se p]nici\s1 & "o :i* mu/ h br\ght ev5 tru? itself into contempt4 ,la/ly1 ,ari/otle compris$ 9 8 manuals ! collective results ( all e>li] philosophical speculation1 & intru/$ 8 treasury ( mature k & well-sift$ & newly-arrang$ ?\ghts to ! keep+ ( a s*ool4 ,n[1 we %\ld be f> f ju/ifi$ 7 we to make ?is a reproa* aga9/ ?is ma/] ( subtlety & pr(\nde/ ( ?9k]s2 = at ?is "t all true intellectual life _h1 toge!r ) public _s1 become ext9ct among ! ,greeks1 amid ! disord]s ( democracy1 or "u ! pressure ( ! arm$ supremacy ( ,mac$onia4 ,/ill x mu/ ev] rema9 a matt] ( pr(\nd regret4 ,= philosophy1 z /&+ 9 ! c5t] betwe5 ! guid+ _s ( ! div9e education ( man & ! ext]nal =ce ( civil "r & mat]ial p[]1 ought to be true mundane s\l ,weltseele :i* animates & directs ! developm5t ( ages & ( ! :ole human race4 ,deeply1 !re=e1 is x to be deplor$ :5ev] sci5ce1 & especially philosophy1 are )drawn f ?is wide sph]e ( univ]sal op]ation1 & f human life itself1 to rema9 bani%$ & coop$ up 9 ! n>r[ limits ( a s*ool4 ,,lecture ,,iv4 ,,( ,,! ,,s\l ,,9 ,,relation ,,to ,,nature4 8,we "k 9 "p10 exclaim$1 ) burn+ zeal1 ! hone/ man ( ,god 9 ,holy ,scripture1 8,we "k 9 "p1 & we prophesy 9 "p40 ,h[ true ! fir/ memb] ( ?is s5t5ce is ev5 9 ! case ( t k ( ,god :i* alone des]ves ! "n ( k1 or repays ! tr\ble ( its acquisition1 ! previ\s ,lecture mu/ 9 _m ways h s]v$ to conv9ce u4 ,! second memb]1 :i* w *iefly occupy our att5tion 9 ! pres5t discussion1 is 9 an em95t degree applicable to physical sci5ce4 ,= :at1 9 fact1 is all our k ( nature1 consid]$ z a :ole & 9 its inmo/ ess5ce1 b a m]e speculation1 conjecture1 & guess ^u guess8 ,:at is x b an endless s]ies ( t5tative exp]im5ts1 by :i* we are cont9ually hop+ to succe$ 9 unveil+ ! secret ( life1 to seize ! wond]ful ,proteus1 & to hold him fa/ 9 ! *a9s ( sci5ce8 ,or is x n1 p]haps1 "o ev]-r5ew$ attempt to deciph] m completely ?an hi!rto ! sybill9e inscriptions on ! pil$-up r[s & lay]s ( tombs1 :i* z nature gr[s old] conv]t its great body into "o va/ catacomb1 & s p]*ance to f9d !re9 ! key to unlock & br+ to light ! f> great]--nay1 ! greate/ ( all riddles--! riddle ( dea?8 ,n[ !re are und\bt$ly1 ev5 9 nature itself1 occasional indications (1 scatt]$ h9ts & remote allusions to1 a f9al crisis1 :5 ev5 9 nature & 9 ?is s5sible & elem5t>y _w1 life %all be entirely sep>at$ f dea?1 & :5 dea? itself %all be no m4 ,gravely to be pond]$ & 9 n[ise to be neglect$ are ^! h9ts1 al?\gh )\t ! aid ( a high] illum9ation !y mu/ =ev] rema9 un9telligible to man4 ,?us consid]$1 h[ev]1 ! univ]se itself appe>s replete ) dumb e*oes & t]re/rial res\nds ( div9e revelation4 ,x is n1 !re=e1 )\t reason & significance1 if 9 ?is beautiful hymn ! anci5t prophetess ( nature l5ds h] concurr5t te/imony to ! promises ( ! holy se] ( a la/ day ( creation1 :i* nature %all celebrate z ! great day ( h] r5ovation & t[>d :i* %e ye>ns ) an indescribable long+ :i* is n[h]e s inimitably depict$1 s /rongly & s vividly express$1 z 9 ,holy ,writ itself4 ,holy ,scripture c\ld n & c n conta9 a sy/em ( sci5ce1 :e!r z a philosophy ( reason or a sci5ce ( nature4 ,nay1 9 ?is =m ( a manual & me?odical comp5dium ( div9e k1 x c\ld n inspire u ) confid5ce ei!r z revelation or z sci5ce4 ,condesc5d+ altoge!r to ! wants ( man1 bo? 9 =m & language1 x consi/s ( a collection ( occasional & :olly practical compositions d]iv$ imm$iately f1 & expressly design$ =1 life--9 a c]ta9 s5se x consi/s ( no?+ b ! regi/]s & social /atutes ei!r ( ! prophetic p or ( ! apo/olical community4 ,accord+ly1 its cont5ts are ( a mix$ nature3 hi/orical1 legal1 in/ructive1 hortatory1 consolatory1 & prophetical1 toge!r ) a ri* abundance ( m9ute & special allusions1 :ile x ent]s e :]e into1 & ) wat*ful love adapts itself to1 individual wants & local peculi>ities4 ,& ! =m ( ^! writ+s1 at once s s+ul> 9 its k9d--& 9 su* m>vel\s wise1 b yet s em95tly human--is s f> f be+ inconsi/5t ) ! div9e "*1 t ! v condesc5sion ( ! ,deity con/itutes a new & additional b mo/ *>act]i/ic pro( ( g5u9e revelation4 ,only ! fir/ f\ndation-/one & ! key & corn]-/one =m an exception4 ,embrac+ )9 _! spaci\s limits ! beg9n+ ( nature & ! end ( ! _w1 !y =m1 z x 71 ! corn]-r+s & ! be>+-/aves ( ! ark ( ! cov5ant ( revelation4 ,& :ile on ! "o side z well z on ! o!r1 9 ! op5+ no less ?an 9 ! clos+ book1 :i* conta9 almo/ z _m my/]ies z words1 ! sev5-bran*$ c&le/ick ( secret signification is set up1 /ill all else t is inclos$ )9 ! holy ark receives !refrom suffici5t light = its p]fect elucidation4 ,9 all o!r respects ! /yle is t ( a pla9 n>rative c\*$ 9 v appropriate & simple words2 & if ! ma/]s ( criticism 9 classical antiquity h quot$ a few passages f ! beg9n+ ( ,g5esis z ! mo/ exalt$ in/ances ( ! sublime1 /ill x 0 9 ! v simplicity & extreme pla9ness ( ! language t !y recogniz$ ?is "* ( sublimity4 ,f ^! two ends1 moreov]--f ?is fir/ root z well z f ! la/ cr[n ( ! book1 !re proce$s _m ?reads & ve9s1 :i*1 runn+ ?r\gh ! tissue1 b9d x toge!r m closely into a liv+ unity1 on :i* acc\nt1 al?\gh consi/+ ( s _m & su* div]s books1 x is ju/ly consid]$ z "o1 be+ call$ simply ! 8,book0 7,bible74 ,consequ5tly x w\ld1 z already said1 be fooli% to look = a sy/em ( sci5ce 9 ! div9e book = m54 ,nev]!less we d meet "h & !re ) s+le words ab\t nature & h] secrets--h9ts occasionally dropp$ & seem+ly accid5tal expressions--:i*1 giv+ a cle> & full in=mation z to mu* t is hidd5 !re91 furni% sci5ce consequ5tly ) s _m keys = unlock+ nature4 ,^!1 inde$1 are n scatt]$ ?r\gh\t 9 equal measure1 b "h1 p]haps1 m ?9ly1 & !re aga9 m ?ickly4 ,9 all ^! passages1 & especially ^? ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 :i* n only depict ! ext]nal beauties & visible glory ( nature1 b also t\* ^u its hidd5 p[]s & inmo/ secrets ( life1 we may obs]ve a k9d ( int5tional1 ,i might1 p]haps1 say1 cauti\s res]ve & he$ful circumspection1 am\nt+ at times almo/ to an indisposition to speak out fully & cle>ly1 le/ ! abuse or probable misconception ( :at %\ld be said might give enc\ragem5t to ! hea!ni% & wide-spread deification ( nature4 ,9 ! ,new ,te/am5t 7if we may v5ture to speak ( ^! ?+s 9 ! same natural & human fa%ion t ,scripture itself employs7 ! ,holy ,_s uses language f> m precise & cle>4 ,on ! :ole1 ! relation 9 :i* ,holy ,writ & div9e revelation /& to nature itself1 & ! sci5ce !re(1 is a peculi> "o4 ,x is em95tly t5d] & wond]ful1 b n1 inde$1 intelligible at ! fir/ glance1 or broadly def9able accord+ to any rigor\s & e/abli%$ notion4 ,x is "o1 h[ev]1 capable ( be+ made cle>] by means ( a simile borr[$ f ,scripture itself4 ,^? guileless m5 :om ! ,r$eem] *ose z ,8 in/rum5ts = c>ry+ out ,8 great "w ( ! r$emption ( ! _w1 7 endu$ ) miracul\s p[]s1 :i* x 0 & ev] w be app>5t1 7 n ( _! own /r5g?1 b ( ,84 ,n[1 ( ! fir/ ( ^! apo/les x is n>rat$ t a heal+ p[]1 &1 z x 71 an invisible /ream ( life proce$$ f him1 )\t 8 be+ consci\s (1 or1 at lea/1 )\t 8 reg>d+ x1 :i* heal$ ! sick :o 7 br\ght out & plac$ )9 ! range ( 8 %ad[ z he pass$ by4#bj ,9 ! same mann] ! fi]y wa9 ( div9e revelation1 z x passes on its way1 scatt]s1 9 s+le words & images1 _m a bright sp>k4 ,! radiant %ad[ ( ! ^w ( ,god1 z x falls1 is suffici5t to k9dle & ?r[ a new light ov] ! :ole doma9 ( nature1 by means ( :i* ! true sci5ce !re( may be firmly e/abli%$1 its inmo/ secrets explor$ & br\ght into coh]5ce & agreem5t ) all else4 ,i h already m ?an once call$ y\r att5tion to ! me?od :i* all ! philosoph]s ( reason1 )\t exception1 pursue4 ,9 diff]5t ways1 accord+ to ! special objects !y h 9 view1 !y all alike presum$ to set c]ta9 absolute & impassable limits to human reason 7:i*1 h[ev]1 by "s slight turn or o!r1 !y soon dextr\sly contrive to transgress7 9 ord] to br+ )9 _! sy/em ( absolute sci5ce--:i* is at be/ b a dead semblance--all t x w hold1 & ev5 :at x c n conta94 ,q diff]5t1 h[ev]1 is x ) ! tru?1 & ) t liv+ sci5ce :i* we take = ! basis ( our speculations4 ,= f x x appe>s t ! s\l ( man1 h[ev] liable x may be to manifold error1 is1 nev]!less1 capable ( receiv+ ! div9e communications4 ,s9ce1 !n1 man c possess z _m ( ^! high] bran*es ( k1 & c le>n z mu* ( div9e ?+s z x is giv5 to him to "k1 & s9ce1 at ! same "t1 x is ,god himself :o is ! prim>y s\rce f :i* all man's k fl[s1 & 8 guide to tru?--:o %all det]m9e ! measure & fix ! limits--:o %all d>e to say h[ mu* ( k & ( sci5ce ,god w v\*safe to man8--:o %all v5ture to prescribe ! limits beyond :i* ,8 illum9ation c n pass8 ,?is1 x is evid5t1 is illimitable4 ,x may g on to an ext5t :i*1 at ! beg9n+1 man w\ld n h believ$ to be possible4 ,9 a ^w1 ?\gh ( himself1 & by 8 own unassi/$ reason1 man is incapable ( kn[+ any ?+1 yet ?r\gh ,god1 if x be 8 w1 he may atta9 to ! k ( all ?+s4 ,& yet x is true1 ?\gh 9 a v diff]5t s5se f t int5d$ by ^! philosoph]s ( reason1 t man's k is 9 reality limit$4 ,no absolute limit1 inde$1 is set to x4 ,yet because x is a mix$ k1 compos$ ( outw>d tradition & inw>d exp]i5ce1 & is f\nd$ on ! p]ceptions ( ! ext]nal & int]nal s5ses1 !re=e is x made up ( individual in/ances1 extremely sl[ 9 its gr[?1 & 9 no respect p]fect & complete1 & sc>cely ev] free f faults & defici5cies4 ,consequ5tly1 :5 consid]$ 9 its totality1 & z pret5d+ to be a :ole1 x is inv>iably imp]fect4 ,b ?is "* ( imp]fection belongs1 9 fact1 to all real sci5ce1 z d]iv$ f ! exp]i5ce ( ! s5ses4 ,seldom1 inde$1 is ! fir/ impression free f ! admixture ( error2 numb]less repeat$ obs]vations1 comp>isons1 essays1 exp]im5ts1 & corrections1 :i* mu/ (t5 be c>ri$ on ?r\gh _m c5turies1 n to say _m t5s ( c5turies1 are necess>y be=e a pure & /able result c be atta9$ to4 ,9 ?is way all truly human k is imp]fect1 & 89 "p20 & al?\gh1 on ! contr>y1 ! false conceit$ wisdom may p>ade itself f ! v fir/ z fully ripe & complete1 yet 9 a v brief space inde$ w its imp]fection & rott5ness appe>4 ,&1 inde$1 ! "* ( imp]fection %[s itself1 z 9 all o!r human ?+s1 s also 9 ! sci5ce ( nature4 ,f its bir? among ! e>lie/ naturali/s ( ,greece to its boa/$ maturity among ourselves1 x c\nts an age ( two mill5niums & a half ( unbrok5 cultivation4 ,b n[ if1 look+ beyond ! explanation ( s+le isolat$ facts1 we consid] r our k ( nature 9 its univ]sal sy/em & int]nal con/itution1 c we say t physical sci5ce has1 dur+ ! "t1 made m ?an1 p]haps1 two /eps & a half ( progress8 ,& ?is sl[ & toilsome advance :i*1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 nev] arrives at m ?an 8kn[+ 9 "p10 is ! law ( e dep>tm5t ( human sci5ce4 ,consequ5tly x may be ju/ly said ( ! developm5t ( man's sci5ce1 t ) ,god a ?\s& ye>s are z a day1 & "o day z a ?\s& ye>s4#ba ,all k drawn f ! s5ses & exp]i5ce is b\nd by ?is condition4 ,x may1 no d\bt1 apply imm$iately & pr9cipally to ext]nal exp]i5ce1 :i* is dep5d5t on ! l[] & ord9>y s5ses1 :e!r we reckon !m accord+ to ! numb] ( _! sep>ate organs z five1 or z ?ree 9 compliance ) a m sci5tific classification4 ,b x also holds equally good ( ^? :i* we po9t$ out & describ$ 9 ! la/ ,lecture z be+ ! f\r sup]ior sci5tific s5ses1 ! organs ( a k f\nd$ on a high] & int]nal exp]i5ce1 ! s5se1 viz41 ( reason1 ! s5se ( und]/&+1 ! s5se = nature or fancy1 & ! prop] s5se = ,god1 :i* lies 9 ! inmo/ free w ( man4 ,n m]ely z ! faculty ( sugge/ion ,ahndungsv]mog51 is fancy to be reg>d$ z ! high] & int]nal s5se = nature1 or because x is f ?is side t ! aff9ity ( man1 & ( man's s\l ) nature1 is mo/ di/9ctly reveal$1 b x also exhibits itself z su* 9 ! sci5tific appreh5sion ( natural ph5om5a4 ,t dynamical play ( ! inn] life1 t law ( a liv+ =ce :i* con/itutes ! ess5ce ( e ph5om5on ( nature1 is a some?+ s fleet+ & evanesc5t t x c only be seiz$ & fix$ by ! fancy alone1 s9ce1 z is n[ pretty g5]ally all[$ by all pr(\nd obs]v]s ( nature1 9 ! ab/ract notion life eludes ! grasp1 & no?+ rema9s b a dead =mula4 ,! appreh5sion ( a liv+ object 9 ?\ght1 s z to seize & fix x 9 its mobile vitality & its fluctuat+ & fleet+ /ates1 is an act ( ! imag9ation1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is naturally ( a peculi> k9d1 & entirely di/9ct f arti/ic or poetical fancy4 ,x is1 9 ?is respect1 wor?y ( rem>k1 t all ! mo/ *>act]i/ic & felicit\s t]ms :i* are employ$ to designate ! great discov]ies 9 mod]n times ( ! pr(\nd] secrets ( nature are1 = ! great] "p1 boldly figurative1 & (t5 ev5 symbolical4 ,"h1 !re=e1 also1 we h a manife/ation ( t aff9ity :i* subsi/s betwe5 nature & ! faculty ( fancy1 by :i* alone its ev]-/irr+ vitality is sci5tifically appreh5d$4 ,i =m]ly obs]v$ t1 9 ! out] s5ses1 z faculties ( ! s\l subord9ate to ! fancy1 a high] intellectual end[m5t1 z a special gift ( nature1 is occasionally f\nd to exi/1 namely1 ! s5se ( art1 or ! eye = beautiful =ms1 & ! e> = musical s\nds4 ,b ev5 ! l[] s5se1 ! m purely organic feel+1 is (t5 evolv$ to high] degrees ( susceptibility1 :i*1 h[ev]1 d n fall )9 ! sph]e ( ! feel+ = art1 b =m1 z x 71 a peculi> & special s5se ( nature4 ,to ?is class belong ^? indescribable feel+s ( sympa?y & inw>d attraction--! _m vivid pres5tim5ts ( a /range =ebod+--traces ( :i* may be obs]v$ among _m o!r animals besides man1 j z1 9 ! case ( musical tones & emotions1 a light note ( remote aff9ity seems to br+ ! s\l ( man 9 unison ) a correspond5t nature s\l 9 ! high] memb]s ( ! brute creation4 ,numb]less are ! in/ances ( su* =ebod+s 7among :i* we mu/ reckon also ! significant vision or dream7 record$ ( all times1 c\ntries1 & sph]es ( life4 ,no d\bt1 f _! /range nature1 & f ! manifold difficulties ) :i* man's mode ( obs]v+ & n>rat+ ^! ph5om5a p]plexes ! consid]ation ( !m1 x is any ?+ b easy1 9 any individual case1 to arrive at a pure result1 & to pass a f9al & decisive s5t5ce4 ,/ill1 on ! :ole1 ! fact c n well be d5i$1 z1 inde$1 x is n ev5 attempt$1 by any unprejudic$ & pr(\nd obs]v] ( nature 9 ! pres5t day4 ,b n[1 if su* an imm$iate feel+ ( invisible light & life does freely develop & cle>ly manife/ itself z an indubitable faculty & a p]fectly di/9ct /ate ( ! consci\sness1 !n assur$ly we h h]e9 a new organ ( p]ception & a new natural s5se4 ,?\gh n1 inde$1 m infallible ?an any o!r ( ! s5ses1 x may1 nev]!less1 be ! s\rce ( v rem>kable ph5om5a1 :i*1 p]haps1 above all o!rs require inve/igation1 9 ord] t _! di/9ctive "* may be precisely & accurately det]m9$4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y to rememb] t ! latt] is n to be det]m9$ by any side-bl[ ( caprice1 any m ?an ! electric ph5om5a ( nature & ! atmosph]e1 :5 !y are actually l[]+ !re1 are to be got rid ( by any su* exp$i5t4 ,x is only j & "r1 & n inconsi/5t ) true human k1 if physical sci5ce %\ld comm5ce ) ! /udy ( man4 ,/ill1 if we w\ld contemplate man f ! side ( nature1 x seems ! saf] c\rse to endeavor1 fir/ ( all1 to obta9 a cle> & lead+ idea ( ! :ole ( 8 con/itution 9 ?is respect1 r ?an to lose ourselves 9 ! contemplation ( ! special ph5om5a ( a p>ticul> sph]e4 ,n[1 ) reg>d to ! :ole ( man's organization1 ! organic body z ! ?ird con/itu5t ( human exi/5ce1 ,i w m]ely rem>k t1 j z ! triple pr9ciple ( body1 s\l1 & _s is repeat$ 9 ! special & n>r[] sph]es ( ! s5ses1 ! in/9cts1 & ! passions1 & ev5 9 ! diff]5t =ms 9 :i* a disord]$ intellect usually manife/s itself1 s also x admits ( a fur!r application to ! organic body 9 g5]al4 ,t mo/ wond]ful organization1 ! m>vel\s /ructure ( bones & muscles1 ! outw>d organic frame1 is1 z x 71 ! body 9 a n>r[] s5se1 ! pre-em95tly mat]ial con/itu5t ( liv+ bodies4 ,! s\l ( man--"h consequ5tly ! organic s\l--is 9 ! blood & 9 ! five or six organs ^: functions are fir/ ( all to elaborate ! blood & aft]w>d to provide = its circulation--or p]haps by ma9ta9+ a p]petual int]*ange ( ! brea? & ! ext]nal air1 to keep ! vital flame con/antly burn+ on ! he>? ( life )94 ,a ?ird elem5t--&1 inde$1 ! pr9cipal "o ( ! ?ree1 ?\gh only noticeable 9 its effects on ! bra9--exi/s )9 ! high] s5ses & functions--9 %ort1 9 ! :ole n]v\s tissue4 ,b x lies n 9 ! n]v\s filam5ts !mselves3 anatomy c n detect x1 = x is n visible to ! eye4 ,on ?is acc\nt "s h call$ x ! !r ( ! n]ves to indicate its incorporeal nature--incorporeal1 i4e41 relatively to1 & 9 comp>ison )1 ! o!r two con/itu5ts ( man--! blood-s\l1 & ! ext]nal frame--z be+ ! _s ( life 9 ! organic body4 ,/rictly & %>ply en\gh does ,holy ,writ di/+ui% ?is spiritual body 7z x calls x7 ( man f ! body ( ! s\l1 or ! organic blood-s\l1 consid]+ ! =m]1 z x 71 ! se$ ( ! resurrection1 ev5 because at ! mom5t ( dea? ?is e!real body-(-light leaves its t]re/rial veil to be 9 due "t reunit$ to x aft] a m glori\s fa%ion4 ,& dea? itself is ev5 no?+ else ?an its total dep>ture & pa9ful emancipation f ! organic body1 on :i* ! features1 "o might almo/ say1 ! physiognomy ( corruption /amps itself1 imm$iately t ! immortal ,psy*e1 ! invisible se$ ( light & et]nity1 has put (f ! tab]nacle ( ?is body4 ,?is int]nal1 invisible body-(-light ,li*tkorp] is also ! organ & ! c5t] ( all ! high] & spiritual p[]s ( ! human organization4 ,= x is easily conceivable t a p>tial projection ( ?is life ( light :i* is lat5t 9 ! s\nd organic body %\ld produce su* ph5om5a1 :ile its complete projection1 or r total sep>ation1 w\ld h dea? = its result1 or r w\ld itself be dea?4 ,a truly sci5tific view ( nature c easily ent] into or all[ ! legitimacy ( ?is idea4 ,! true rule1 h[ev]1 & /&>d = ! "r decision ( ph5om5a ( ?is k9d c only be f\nd 9 a high] region1 ev5 because !y !mselves lie on ! extreme limits ( nature & life1 & 9 "p also pass beyond !m4 ,we !re=e pref] to foll[ ! m sl[ b sure c\rse ( developm5t pursu$ by physical sci5ce itself1 z comm5c$ ne>ly tw5ty-five c5turies ago by ! ,greeks4 ,on ! :ole x began ev5 !re ) ! cognition ( man--( 8 diseases & _! cure4 ,! naturali/s1 inde$1 ( ! pres5t day are 9 g5]al dispos$ to laugh at ! ideas ( nature :i* 7 advanc$ by ! fir/ philosoph]s ( ,greece1 & to despise ! hypo!ses ( wat]1 or air1 or fire1 z be+ ! ess5ce ( all ?+s1 :i*1 nev]!less1 z ! fir/ beg9n+s ( a cle>] contemplation & ( a high] view ( nature1 greatly recomm5d !mselves by _! extreme simplicity4 ,b h[ev] mod]n obs]v]s ( nature may be ready to h& ^! sy/ems ov] to fancy z s _m purely poetical cosmogonies1 yet1 on ! o!r h&1 ! pres5t ma/]s ( m$ic9e1 ) great] gratitude & full] ackn[l$gm5t ( 8 m]its1 rev]5ce ,hippocrates z ! f\nd] ( _! art4 ,=1 inde$1 z su*1 & n prop]ly z a sci5ce1 or at any rate z an art f> m ?an z a sci5ce1 0 m$ic9e reg>d$ by its f\nd] & ! great ma/]s :o came aft] him4 ,!y look$ ^u x z ! art ( ! diagnosis & treatm5t ( disease1 9 :i* ! un]r+ tact ( a practic$ & happy judgm5t is ( prim>y importance1 & :]e ! rapid & se>*+ glance ( g5ius into ! secret laboratories ( life or into ! hidd5 s\rces ( disease is1 & ev] w be1 ! pr9cipal & mo/ ess5tial po9t4 ,! m]e hi/orical acqua9tance ) ! diff]5t =ms ( diseases & _! rem$ies1 ) botany1 & ! anatomy ( ! human body1 ) ! numb] & /ructure ( its organs1 =ms m]ely ! mat]ials1 ! ext]nal sph]e ( m$ical practice2 :ile ! ess5tial qualification is ev5 ?is p5etrat+ glance :i* se>*es out ! inmo/ secrets ( ! bodily temp]am5t4 ,b n[ ^? :o h be5 mo/ ri*ly gift$ ) ?is peculi> gift h ev] be5 ! la/ to believe !mselves possess$ ( a p]fect sci5ce4 ,& yet1 inasmu* z t physical k :i*1 by atta9+ to a complete und]/&+ ( life1 %all be able to compreh5d & expla9 ! my/]y ( dea? w\ld alone des]ve ! "n ( ! sci5ce ( nature2 inasmu* also z ! se>*+ glance ( ! true physician arrives ! ne>e/ to su* a po9t1 p5etrat+1 z x does1 deep into ! manifold fluctuation & /ruggle betwe5 ! two1 & into ! secrets ( _! conflict1 ?is1 !re=e1 is p]haps to be consid]$ z ! fir/ g]m ( life = a future sci5ce ( nature1 :i*1 h[ev] z yet undevelop$1 has = m ?an tw5ty c5turies be5 slumb]+ on1 hidd51 z x 71 9 embryo1 9 ! womb ( m$ical art & lore4 ,! physical1 geographical1 & a/ronomical obs]vations ( ?is :ole p]iod ( ge/ation1 =m1 x is true1 a ri* treasury ( valuable mat]ials1 b !y d n give u t pr(\nd k1 ( :i* alone ! physician's p5etrat+ glance into life & its con/itution furni%es ! fir/ comm5cem5t & essay1 h[ev] weak4 ,) respect to natural sci5ce 9 g5]al1 & ! possibility ( our atta9+ to x1 ! case /&s ?us3--,if nature be a liv+ =ce--if ! life :i* reigns )9 x be 9 a c]ta9 ?\gh /ill v remote degree ak9 to ! life ( man & ! human s\l--!n is a k ( nature easily conceivable1 & "r well possible 7= no?+ b ! l1 or at lea/ ! simil> & cognate1 c be kn[n by ! l7 ev5 ?\gh ?is cognition may /ill be extremely defective1 & at be/ c nev] be m ?an p>tial4 ,b if nature be a dead1 /ony mass1 z _m seem to suppose1 !n w\ld x be :olly inconceivable h[ ?is =eign mass ( petrifaction c\ld p5etrate into our inmo/ ,ego2 !n at lea/ w\ld !re seem to be good gr\nds = ! ideali/ic d\bt :e!r ultimately ?is ext]nal _w be any ?+ b a m]e phantom1 hav+ no exi/5ce save 9 our own ?\ghts--! outw>d reflection ( ourselves--! pure creation ( our own ,me4 ,! "q ( innate ideas has be5 (t5 moot$ 9 philosophy4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! ess5tial functions & diff]5t acts ( ?\ght1 toge!r ) its sev]al notions1 are1 prop]ly speak+1 no?+ b ! natural division ( man's cogitative faculty1 x is n on _! acc\nt necess>y to suppose su* a prelim9>y int]calation ( g5]al ideas into ! human m9d4 ,& z little necess>y is x1 9 ord] to expla9 ! univ]sal belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( a ,deity1 to suppose t !re is 9 ! m9ds ( all m5 an implant$ idea ( ,god2 = ?is w\ld lead to ! purely arbitr>y hypo!sis1 ( t :i* is s difficult to conceive--! pre-exi/5ce ( ! _s or s\l ( man4 ,& z no creat$ be+s c h an idea ( ,god1 b ^? to :om ,he v\*safes to communicate x1 & to accord a k ( ,8 exi/5ce1 s c ,he be/[ ?is privilege ! v in/ant ,he pleases1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( any innate idea expressly = t end4 ,& yet ,i am dispos$1 & n1 ,i ?9k1 )\t reason1 to assume t man1 z at pres5t con/itut$1 does possess "o1 ?\gh only "o1 species ( inborn ideas1 viz41 an innate idea ( dea?4 ,?is1 z a false root ( life1 & a true m5tal contagion1 produces a dead cogitation1 & is ! orig9 ( all dead & dead-born notions4 ,= ?is idea ( dea?1 :e!r h]$it>y or inoculat$ 9 ! s\l1 is1 z its peculi> b fundam5tal error1 transf]r$ by ! m9d ( man to e object ) :i* x comes 9 contact4 ,& ?us1 9 man's dead cogitation1 ! surr\nd+ _w & all nature appe>s to him a simil> lifeless & in]t mass1 s long z sitt+ b5ea? ?is %ad[ ( spiritual dea?1 8 m9d gei/ has n suffici5t /r5g? to "w its way out ( its d>k prison-h\se into ! light4 ,= n at all )\t high] aid1 & ev5 ) x only sl[ly & t>dily1 does man discov] t all t is really & naturally dead is )9 himself1 or le>n to recognize x = :at x truly is1 a some?+ em95tly null & naught4 ,ano!r species ( ?is false & dead conception ( nature pres5ts itself "u ! =m ( multiplicity4 ,9 ?is view nature is repres5t$ z =m+ some?+ l a va/ s&hill1 :]e1 ap>t f ! pile !y ?us =m toge!r & _! aggregation 9 x1 ! sev]al gra9s are suppos$ to h no connection ) ea* o!r2 :ile1 h[ev]1 !y are s dilig5tly c\nt$1 z if e ?+ dep5d$ on _! "r enum]ation4 ,b ?r\gh ! sieve ( su* an atomi/ic1 :i* w\ld break up ! univ]se into a numb] ( sep>ate & absolute individualities1 ! s& w ev] run1 h[ev] (t5 & pa9fully man may /rive to reckon or to measure ! inf9ity ( ^! gra9s ( nature4 ,ma!matical calculation & measur+ hold ! same place 9 physical sci5ce t is held 9 e liv+ language by conjugat+ & decl9+1 & o!r grammatical rules1 :i*1 9 tru?1 are b a species ( ma!matical =mul4 ,9 le>n+ a =eign & especially a dead language1 ^! are indisp5sable & necess>y aids1 :i* greatly promote & facilitate its acquisition2 s also ma!matics furni% indisp5sable helps & a mo/ valuable organon = ! cognition ( nature4 ,b ) !m alone man w nev] le>n to und]/& ev5 a ^w1 n to talk ( a :ole proposition1 out ( nature's /rangely-s\nd+ & mo/ difficult hi]oglyphics4 ,some:at diff]5t is x1 :5 man seeks to und]/& ! true liv+ geometry 9 nature h]self1 i4e41 attempts to discov] ! place :i* ! circle & eclipse 7pass+ f ^! up to ! sph]es 9 _! sid]eal orbits71 or :i* ! triangle1 ! squ>e1 ! hexagon1 & s =?1 assume 9 ! scale ( its creations--or :51 9 a simil> _s1 he inve/igates & asc]ta9s ! really dom9ant rule 9 ! ari?metic ( life2 ^? numb]s :i* ! physician obs]ves 9 ! p]iodic developm5ts ( life1 & :i*1 9 ! fluctuat+ /ates ( an abat+ & height5+ malady1 enable him1 "u c]ta9 conditions1 to pr$ict ! mom5t ( its crisis4 ,( a /ill high] k9d is t spiritual1 we might almo/ call x div9e *ronology1 :i*1 9 univ]sal hi/ory1 m>ks out def9ite epo*s ( ! m5tal developm5t ( ! human race1 & traces !re9 ! influ5ce ( c]ta9 grades ( life1 or ages ( ! _w1 & ! alt]nat+ phases ( disease 9 :ole communities1 & ^? decisive mom5ts & great critical em]g5cies 9 :i* ,god ,himself appe>s z ! heal+ ,physician & ,re/or] ( life4 ,x 01 9 all probability1 9 ref]5ce to su* an ari?metic1 or 9 "s simil> s5se1 t ,py?agoras taught t numb]s are1 or conta9 ! ess5ce ( ?+s4 ,= su* an ari?metic ( life & geometry ( nature d af=d a positive cognition & a real k4 ,z commonly und]/ood1 h[ev]1 ma!matics are no?+ m ?an a =mal sci5ce--9 o!r words1 !y are simply a sci5tific organon1 r ?an a sci5ce4 ,b n[1 if nature be n reg>d$ z dead1 b liv+1 :o c d\bt t x--or1 z we are n[ speak+ ( man's ne>e/ neighbor--t ! e>? is ak9 to man8 ,0 he n =m$ out ( ! du/ ( ! e>?1 & is he n !re=e ! son1 nay1 9 tru?1 ! fir/-born ( ! e>?8--does he n receive f x food & n\ri%m5t8 & :5 ! irrevocable summons goes =? f above1 does he n give back aga9 to its bosom ! e>?ly tab]nacle ( 8 fle%8 ,d n *emi/s tell u t ! pr9cipal con/itu5t ( ! pure/ :eat-corn has a great aff9ity to ! sub/ance ( man's blood8 & does n ! blood1 moreov]1 d]ive "o ( its +r$i5ts f iron--! pr9cipal among ! metals ( ! e>?8 ,& are n gold & o!r metallic sub/ances ei!r :olesome m$ic9es or deadly poisons8 ,& is !re n also an inexhau/ible /ore ( bo? 9 ! wond]ful v>ieties ( h]bs & plants8 ,d n invigorat+ & heal+ spr+s bur/ f numb]less rocks & fissures ( ! e>?8 ,is n--to speak only ( ! heav5ly bodies ne>e/ to & imm$iately connect$ ) our globe--is n ! sun's heat s specifically diff]5t f e o!r k9d ( w>m?1 ! quick5] ( all t lives & moves1 & = man "u a mild] clime1 z x 71 a s(t r5ovat+ ba?8 ,& is n ! o!r & less] light--e>?'s mighty satellite & companion1 ! moon--! cause ( all ^? *anges 9 ! wea!r & atmosph]e1 :i*1 f ! e>lie/ times1 h be5 ackn[l$g$ to be mo/ s]viceable & highly b5eficial to agriculture8 ,is n ! great pulse ( ! ocean1 9 its ebb & fl[1 measur$ by x1 z well z _m p]iods1 ( ! developm5t ( life8 ,& is x n1 :5 its op]ation is too p[]ful or viol5tly excit+1 ! cause ( a peculi> disease among m58 ,z1 !re=e1 ! musical unisons 9 ! melodi\s songs ( birds1 bo? f9d & wake a concordant e*o 9 ! he>t ( man1 s1 too1 9 a l>g] scale1 ! blood-s\l ( man1 ) its liv+ pulsation & organic s5sibility1 is mo/ ne>ly ak9 to & sympa?izes ) ! e>? & ! :ole e>?ly frame4 ,& is n1 9 all probability1 ?is sympa!tic influ5ce betwe5 ! e>? & man reciprocal8 ,mu/ n1 = in/ance1 ! respiration ( n9e hundr$ millions ( human be+s h affect$ ! atmosph]e8 ,has n ! v air deg5]at$ ) ! human race1 & l x become corrupt & det]iorat$8 ,are n c]ta9 pe/il5tial diseases propagat$ by ! air alone1 be+ c>ri$ 9 fix$ telluric directions1 )\t mat]ial contact or pollution8 ,& if1 9 answ] to ! inf]5ce :i* we w\ld draw f ^! facts1 any "o %\ld sit d[n to calculate ! numb] ( cubic miles 9 ! atmosph]ic belt1 & argue t ! brea? & evaporation f ev] s _m myriads ( human be+s w\ld be insuffici5t to h any effect !reon1 we might easily retort ^u him ! equally va/ reckon+ ( ! millions ( seconds :i* make up a hundr$ & m g5]ations1 & by :i* ^! respirations mu/ be c\nt$4 ,b1 h[ev] ?is may be1 x does appe> t ! air mu/1 9 primitive times1 h be5 f> m pure & balsamic1 & m vital & m nutritive1 ?an at pres5t4 ,= be=e ! ,flood m5 requir$ nei!r fle% nor w9e to recruit _! /r5g?1 & yet1 9 duration ( life & bodily vigor1 & above all 9 en]gy ( w & p[]s ( m9d1 !y f> surpass$ ! sons ( a lat] age2 & x 0 ev5 by ! misuse ( ^! great gifts & end[m5ts t !y br\ght d[n ! div9e v5geance on _! s9ful g5]ation4 ,&1 la/ly1 if ! e>? 7 :olly )\t life1 h[ c\ld x1 at ! creation ( ! animals ( ?is planet>y _w1 h yield$ ob$i5ce to ! behe/ ( ! ,creator1 z x w5t =? on ! six? day1 8,let ! e>? br+ =? ! liv+ creature aft] its k9d80 ,highly important1 moreov]1 z reg>ds ! true e/imate ( ! :ole realm ( nature z contemplat$ by ! ,div9e m9d1 & deeply significant1 is ! wide int]val :i*1 9 ! ,mosaic hi/ory ( ! creation1 sep>ates ! br++ =? ( ! bea/s by ! e>? at ! comm& ( ! ,almighty1 f ! mak+ ( man1 :]e( x is writt51 8,let u make man 9 our own image40 ,physical sci5ce hav+ ?us sluggi%ly advanc$ ?r\gh a def9ite p]iod & numb] ( c5turies--hav+ liv$ ?r\gh almo/ two mill5niums 9 little bett] ?an an embryo /ate--made at la/ ! few /eps ( progress t x has yet tak54 ,by a m rapid m>* ( "t1 x ha/5$ to suit itself to ! rip] age ( man1 & to come =? itself1 z x 71 mature1 al?\gh1 9 _m respects1 ?is is ev5 yet v f> f be+ ! case4 ,! pr9cipal ( ^! advances ( physical sci5ce is ! inv5tion ( ! compass4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 ! ph5om5on ( magnetism pres5ts a rem>kable manife/ation ( ! univ]sal life ( ! _w1 :i* eludes all ma!matical calculations ( magnitude1 :ile ! little piece ( ?is wond]ful iron balances by its liv+ ag5cy ! :ole globe itself4 ,&1 9 ! second place1 ! results to :i* x has l$ h be5 no less important & m>vel\s4 ,! magnetic index po9t$ ! way to ! discov]y ( ! ,new ,_w1 & to a m p]fect acqua9tance ) ! figure ( ! e>?1 & ?us1 ?r\gh an enl>g$ obs]vation ( geographical & a/ronomical facts1 op5$ out a gr&] & m ext5sive view ( ! :ole planet>y sy/em4 ,( ! new _w 9 ! o!r hemisph]e1 a trace unque/ionably is to be f\nd 9 antiquity 9 ! leg5d ( ! isl& ( ,atlantis4 ,! g5]al description ( ?is isl&1 z equal 9 ext5t to bo? ,asia & ,africa toge!r1 agrees rem>kably ) ! size ( ,am]ica4 ,b ! fable conta9s ! additional circum/ance1 t1 hav+ exi/$ 9 ! ,we/]n ,ocean 9 v anci5t times1 x 0 subsequ5tly swall[$ up by ! waves4 ,f ?is circum/ance ,i am l$ to inf]1 t ! leg5d did n1 z is g5]ally suppos$1 owe its orig9 to ,phnician navigators1 :o1 ev5 if x be true t !y did succe$ 9 sail+ r\nd ,africa1 mo/ assur$ly nev] v5tur$ s f> we/w>d4 ,l s mu* besides t is equally great & gr&1 &1 inde$1 f> gr&]1 ! ma9 fact ( ! leg5d seems to be d]iv$ f an orig9al tradition f ! primeval times1 :51 unque/ionably1 man 0 f> bett] acqua9t$ ) 8 :ole habitation ( ?is e>? ?an 9 ! days ( ! infant & imp]fect sci5ce ( ,greece1 or ev5 ( ! m advanc$ & enlight5$ antiquity4 ,a vague tradition>y notion ( its exi/5ce liv$ on f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,b aft]w>d1 :5 ev5 ! ,phnician sailors1 h[ev] f> !y p5etrat$ into ! wide ocean1 7 unable to give any precise in=mation ab\t1 or adduce any pro( (1 ! fact1 ! hypo!sis 0 advanc$1 & f9ally add$ to ! tradition1 t ! isl& _h be5 swall[$ up by ! sea4 ,mod]n a/ronomy1 at its fir/ rise1 0 extremely revolt+ to man's feel+s1 :i* _h become1 z x 71 habituat$ to ! old5 !ory ( ! _w's %ape4 ,! sy/em ( ,ptolemy1 inde$1 ) its n>r[ egoti/ic conceit ( mak+ man ! c5t] ( ! sid]eal univ]se1 0 z unsatisfactory z x 0 absurd1 & little 0 lo/ :5 x 0 explod$4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 x 0 />tl+1 & /ill has a /agg]+ effect on our m9ds1 to be told1 t1 :5 measur$ by ! ma!matical /&>d ( ! va/ di/ances & p]iodic times ( ! planet>y sy/em1 ! e>?1 = :i* ! ,almighty has done su* incalculably great ?+s1 & on :i* ,he has be/[$ su* high & preci\s gifts1 is1 z x 71 b a little & insignificant spl9t] 9 ! va/ regions ( inf9ite space4 ,a true & pr(\nd sci5ce ( nature1 h[ev]1 does n all[ ( ! validity ( ma!matical magnitude z an exclusive /&>d ( ! value ( ?+s4 ,:e!r 9 a great] or less sph]e ( exi/5ce1 x sees & discov]s 9 f> o!r prop]ties ! true c5t] ( life4 ,if1 ev5 9 our globe1 ! liv+ magnetic pole does n co9cide ) ! true ma!matical nor? pole1 b lies a consid]able di/ance on "o side ( x1 may x n1 )\t prejudice to mod]n a/ronomy1 be also ! case ) ! :ole planet>y sy/em8 ,! fir/ conceptions ( nature are r>ely1 if ev]1 free f mi/akes1 & (t5times1 toge!r ) great tru?s1 conta9 also great errors4 ,& :ile ! fir/ fre% impression1 ! liv+ intuition1 ev] recomm5ds itself to ! g5]al feel+ ( mank9d1 & takes deep root !re91 ! notions1 on ! o!r h&1 :i* new discov]ies ( nature introduce1 n unfrequ5tly d viol5ce to ! preval5t views z to ! %ape & =m ( ! old _w4 ,(t51 inde$1 ! =m] run directly c\nt] to :at we might call ! old family feel+s ( mank9d1 :i*1 transmitt$ ?r\gh g5]ations f fa!r to son1 h become1 z x 71 a cu/om ( life1 a holy habit4 ,aft]w>d1 h[ev]1 z ! new sci5tific discov]y is m p]fectly develop$1 x gradually conciliates ! old h]$it>y & cu/om>y feel+ ( nature4 ,! two at la/ fall into fri5dly relations ) ea* o!r4 ,n[1 9 ! article ( ! />s1 ! *]i%$ cre$ ( nature1 pr(ess$ by all anci5t peoples1 insi/$1 p]haps1 on no "o dogma s e>ne/ly z t !re are sev5 planets4 ,t ?is deeply-root$ & habitual feel+ ( m5 0 n un9flu5c$ by ! g5]al consid]ation ( ! numb] sev51 is only natural to suppose4 ,= n only does x comprise ! ?ree dim5sions ( "t1 toge!r ) ! f\r c>d9al po9ts ( space1 b x is also f\nd ent]+1 "u a v>iety ( comb9ations1 into ! life1 ! ?\ght1 & hi/ory ( m54 ,& 9 ! new a/ronomy1 ?\gh ! sun & moon h be5 eject$ f ! numb] ( ! planets1 yet ! e>? has ent]$ into ! li/1 & ! defici5t memb] ( ! sy/em hav+ be5 discov]$1 we h aga9 sev5 planets1 z 9 ! old5 belief4 ,= x is1 to say ! lea/1 highly improbable t any new planet>y body w ev] be discov]$ beyond ,uranus1#bb & z = ! small bodies :i* are situate betwe5 ,m>s & ,jupit]1 x is pretty g5]ally ackn[l$g$ t !y are n prop]ly to be c\nt$ z planets1 f :i* !y are ev5 di/+ui%$ by _! v names by "s a/ronom]s4 ,& z little gr\nd is !re to take exception or (f5se at mod]n a/ronomy1 ev5 on t side ( x :]e difficulties 7 orig9ally mo/ felt & moot$4 ,= ,holy ,writ 0 nei!r writt5 exclusively nor design$ pre-em95tly = a/ronom]s4 ,9 ^! matt]s1 !re=e1 z 9 all o!rs1 x speaks ! ord9>y language :i* m5 employ among !mselves 9 ! bus9ess ( daily life4 ,n[ we "k t 9 ! pulse ( ! organic body its regul> beat+ is occasionally int]rupt$ by a hurri$ circulation or a mom5t>y /oppage4 ,is x n 9 ! same way possible t ! pulsatory revolutions ( ! great planet>y _w d n obs]ve1 l a piece ( dead clock-"w1 a me*anical uni=mity1 b are liable to _m deviations & irregul>ities8 ,if1 !n1 a simil> /oppage to t :i* sometimes occurs 9 ! pulse ( man1 be "h also supposable1 z produc$ by a sup]ior p[] & ext]nal influ5ce1 !n 9 ! case ( su* an extraord9>y int]ruption1 x is a matt] ( indiff]5ce :e!r x be said ( ?is wond]ful mom5t t ! sun /ood /ill1 or 7z seems to be ! fact7 t ! e>? 0 held 9 *eck & re/$ 9 its orbit4 ,&1 9 l mann]1 = ! *ang+ ph5om5a ( ! a/ronomical day1 ! common expressions are equally true ) ! sci5tific1 & equally significant4 ,! sun's rise1 ! morn+ dawn1 is1 = all m51 a figure1 or1 r1 a fact ( pregnant mean+1 :ile ! sett+ sun fills all he>ts ) a melan*oly feel+ ( sep>ation4 ,equally true1 h[ev]1 is x1 & 9 a symbolical s5se x conveys p]haps a /ill m s]i\s mean+1 :5 we say1 9 sci5tific language1 8,! e>? mu/ g d[n be=e ! sun c rise20 or1 8,:5 ! e>? goes up1 !n is x night1 & d>kness diffuses itself ov] all40 ,or if1 p]haps1 9 ! new & quick5+ spr+1 in/ead ( ! old phraseology1 8,! sun has return$1 has come ne> to u aga910 we 7 to say1 8,! e>?1 or at lea/ our side ( x1 is aga9 br\ght ne>] to ! sun10 w\ld x n be z beautiful & significant a description8 ,& happy1 inde$1 are ^? p]iods ( ! _w :]e91 to speak 9 a figurative b moral s5se1 t e>?-s\l :i* rules 9 ! *anges ( "t--! s-call$ public op9ion1 has decl9$ t[>d1 & approa*$ m ne>ly to1 its sun4 ,x is a rem>kable1 n to say wond]ful1 fact1 t 9 anci5t times ! ,py?agoreans held ! same sy/em ( ! univ]se :i* mod]n a/ronomy tea*es1 ?\gh1 p]haps1 !y 7 n acqua9t$ ) ! ma!matic calculations ( its di/ances4 ,b /ill m surpris+ is x1 t :ile !y 7 ?us p]fectly acqua9t$ ) ! numb] ( ! planets1 & ev5 arrang$ !m 9 ! same ord] t !y are plac$ by mod]n a/ronom]s1 !y admitt$ into _! sy/em two />s :i* we h n4 ,"o ( ^!1 z ! sun ( ! gods ,gei/]-sonne1#bc !y plac$ high above ! visible sun4 ,! latt]1 :i* !y nam$ ! 8c\nt]-e>?10 77 0 plac$ directly opposite to ! real e>?4 ,x w\ld seem1 !re=e1 t !y reg>d$ ^! two bodies z ! invisible c5t]s ( ! :ole sid]eal univ]se1 &1 z x 71 ! *oir-lead]s or *oragi ( ! app>5tly ord]less & scatt]$ ho/ ( heav54 ,are ^! two />s n[ ext9ct8 or is _! light too pure & e!real to p5etrate our d5se & ?ick5$ atmosph]e2 or1 l s mu* besides1 0 x little else ?an a /ill surviv+ tradition f ! primitive _w8 ,?is1 h[ev]1 mu/ ev] rema9 conjectural4 ,z = ! fact itself1 t ! ,py?agoreans did s tea*1 & und]/ood by ^! names1 n m]ely figurative symbols1 b real />s1 has be5 plac$ beyond d\bt by mod]n inve/igations into ! ,py?agorean doctr9es4 ,at any rate1 _! k ( ^! />s mu/ h be5 acquir$ by "s o!r means ?an ! telescope ( mod]n a/ronomy1 ) :i*1 9 fact1 !y 7 n acqua9t$1 & no?+ b "s new obs]vation or ph5om5on 9 ! sid]eal heav5s c ev] ?r[ light on ?is matt]4 ,& :o %all say t ev5 our pres5t a/ronomical sci5ce %all n advance /ill fur!r1 & t x has n clos$ too soon1 & be5 9 all too great a ha/e to sum up its d\btless mo/ elaborate & complicat$ calculations8 ,?us did ! m9d ( man advance ! fir/ /ep t[>d ! maturity ( physical sci5ce1 by atta9+ to a m compreh5sive survey ( ! mundane sy/em1 & a m accurate k ( 8 own habitation1 ( ?is e>?ly planet4 ,! next /ep 9 ?is sluggi% progress 0 made by ! *emical discov]ies ( mod]n times1 & especially ( ! ,fr5* *emi/s4 ,9 a m]ely negative po9t ( view1 ^! h be5 important1 z e/abli%+ ! fact t ! old elem5ts1 wat]1 = in/ance1 & air1 :i* _h long be5 reg>d$ z simple1 are !mselves decomposable into o!r con/itu5ts & a]i=m p>ts4 ,&1 inde$1 t su* great p[]s ( nature z ^! are1 & mu/ ev] rema9 s long z ! pres5t con/itution ( ! _w %all la/1 c\ld only subsi/ 9 ! reciprocal dynamical relation ( sev]al conflict+ =ces1 a pr(\nd] glance at nature w\ld ( itself h conjectur$ & presuppos$4 ,b 9 a positive s5se1 ?is second /ep has c>ri$ u v f> t[>d ! und]/&+ ( ! hi]oglyphics ( nature4 ,^? prim>y elem5ts ( ?+s discov]$ & numb]$ by t *emical analysis :i* has subject$ to its exp]im5ts almo/ e =m & species ( matt]1 con/itute1 z x 71 ! p]man5t mat]ial lett]s & consonants ( ! natural _w ar\nd u4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! v[els ( human language are repres5t$ by ! fundam5tal facts ( ! magnetism ( ! e>?1 toge!r ) ! ph5om5a ( electricity1 ! decomposition ( light1 & ! *emical *a9 ( ! galvanic pile1 9 :i* ! inn] life ( ! t]re/rial =ce1 & ( ! et]nally-mov+ atmosph]e1 z well z ! s\l ^: pulse beats !re91 f9ds an utt]ance1 l a voice out ( ! l[e/ deep4 ,& ?us1 by means ( an alphabet ( nature1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is /ill mo/ imp]fect1 we may hope to make a beg9n+1 at lea/1 & to deciph] "o or two entire words4 ,b mod]n *emi/ry has made a m important advance t[>d a "r und]/&+ ( nature z a :ole4 ,by analyz+ & decompos+ all solid bodies1 z well z wat] itself1 into diff]5t =ms ( a gase\s elem5t1 x has !reby de/roy$ =ev] t appe>ance ( rigidity & petrifaction :i* ! corporeal mass ( visible & ext]nal nature pres5ts to our obs]vation4 ,e :]e we n[ meet ) liv+ elem5tal =ces1 hidd5 & %ut up b5ea? ?is rigid ext]ior4 ,! proportion ( aque\s p>ticles 9 ! air is s great1 t1 if sudd5ly cond5s$1 !y w\ld suffice = m ?an "o flood4 ,& a simil> deluge ( light w\ld ensue1 if all ! lum9\s sp>ks :i* are lat5t 9 ! d>kness 7 simultane\sly set free2 & ! :ole globe itself w\ld end 9 flame1 7 all ! fi]y elem5ts t are at pres5t disp]s$ ?r\gh\t ! _w to be at once dis5gag$ & k9dl$4 ,! inve/igation ( ! salut>y bonds :i* hold toge!r ^! elem5t>y =ces 9 due equilibrium1 controll+ "o by ! o!r1 & conf9+ ea* )9 its prescrib$ limits1 does n fall )9 ! scope ( our pres5t inquiries1 z nei!r does ! "q1 :e!r ^! bonds be n ( a high] k9d ?an naturali/s commonly suppose8 ,m imm$iately connect$ )1 z also m important = our g5]al subject1 is ! result :i* *emical analysis has s indubitably e/abli%$1 t 9 ! natural _w e object consi/s ( liv+ =ces1 & t prop]ly no?+ is rigid & dead1 b all replete ) hidd5 life4 ,?is colossal m\nta9 range ( petrifi$ mummies :i* =ms nature on ! :ole--?is pyramid ( graves1 pil$ "o ov] ! o!r1 is !re=e1 x is true1 a hi/orical monum5t ( ! pa/--( all ! bygone ages ( ! _w 9 ! advanc+ developm5t ( dea?2 b nev]!less1 !re is !re9 a lat5t vitality4 ,b5ea? ! va/ tomb/one ( ! visible _w !re slumb]s a s\l1 n :olly ali51 b m ?an half ak9 to our own4 ,?is planet>y & s5sible _w1 & ! e>?-s\l imprison$ !re91 is only app>5tly dead4 ,nature does b sleep1 & w1 p]haps1 ere long awake aga94 ,sleep g5]ally is1 if n ! ess5ce1 yet1 at lea/1 an ess5tial signature & *>act]i/ic ( nature4 ,e natural object p>takes ( x m or less4 ,n ! animals only1 b ! v plants sleep2 :ile 9 ! vicissitudes ( ! seasons1 & ( _! influ5ces on ! productive surface ( ! e>?1 &1 9 tru?1 on ! :ole planet1 a p]petual alt]nation is p]ceptible betwe5 an awak5+ ( life & a /ate ( slumb]+ repose4 ,:atev]1 consequ5tly1 p>takes1 & requires ! refre%m5t ( sleep1 belongs1 ev5 on t acc\nt1 to nature4 ,pa9t]s1 inde$1 h giv5 u pictures ( sleep+ angels or g5ii2 b ! pure spirits sleep n1 & /&1 9 tru?1 9 no ne$ ( su* re/1 & _! activity is n subject to ?is necessity ( alt]nate repose4 ,! comp>ison ( a s5t5ce 9 ! ,mosaic hi/ory ( ! creation1 ) a passage 9 ! ,h9doo cosmogony1 some:at simil> 9 k9d1 b mo/ diff]5t 9 ! application1 w s]ve1 p]haps1 to place ?is fact 9 ! cle>e/ light4 ,9 ! =m] x is said1 8,god re/$ on ! sev5? day40 ,n[1 9 ?is expression !re is no?+ to />tle u4 ,9 expla9+ x1 !re is no ne$ to h rec\rse to a figurative int]pretation4 ,x does n allude to ,god's inmo/ nature 7:i* admits n ( su* alt]nation ( /ates or ne$ ( re/71 b simply to ,8 ext]nal op]ations4 ,= 9 e case :]e an op]ation ( ! ,deity takes place1 :e!r 9 hi/ory or nature1 an alt]nation betwe5 ! fir/ div9e impulse1 & a subsequ5t p]iod ( repose1 is n only conceivable b actually noticeable4 ,= ! div9e impulse or h& is1 z x 71 )drawn1 9 ord] t ?is fir/ impulse ( ! ,creator may fully exp& itself1 & t ! creature adopt+ x1 may c>ry x out & develop 8 own en]gies 9 accordance !re)4 ,b in/ead ( ?is correct /atem5t1 we h1 9 ! ,h9doo cosmogony1 t 8,brahma sleeps40 ,:ile he ?us slumb]s1 ! :ole creation1 ) its worlds & mundane developm5ts1 is said to collapse into naught4 ,"h1 !n1 a s+le ^w hurries u f ! sure gr\nd ( tru? & div9e revelation into ! %ift+ doma9 ( my?ology4 ,( ,him inde$1 :o is high] ?an ! angels & creat$ spirits1 x is no d\bt assum$ ?r\gh\t ! ,new ,te/am5t t1 :ile on e>?1 ,he slept l o!r m54 ,once1 too1 x is expressly /at$1 t dur+ a great /orm1 :ile ,8 disciples 7 fill$ ) al>m1 ,he 0 asleep 9 ! h9d] "p ( ! %ip2 b t :5 ,he awoke ! w9ds ceas$4 ,b "h1 also1 ! case is diff]5t4 ,:ile imply+ _m a great object & in/ructive lesson besides1 ?is passage1 l sev]al o!rs1 seems design$ to prove t our ,"l's body 0 no m]e phantom2 b t ,he took ^u ,him a real human =m1 & 01 9 tru?1 a man :o /ood 9 ne$ ( sleep4 ,& f ?is we may inf]1 t sleep is s indisp5sable a condition ( natural exi/5ce1 t ev5 ,god ,himself1 z soon z ,he condesc5d$ to ent] its limits by tak+ ^u ,him a human body1 became subject to nature's ess5tial law ( sleep4 ,! important "p :i* sleep plays1 n only 9 nature1 b also 9 man1 h] fir/-born son1 appe>s f ! e>lie/ ev5t t is record$ ( 8 hi/ory1 ev5 9 ,p>adise4 ,god caus$ a deep sleep to fall ^u ,adam1 & out ( 8 op5$ side took ( 8 vital sub/ance to inve/ x ) a bodily veil & %ape1 & to pres5t x be=e him on 8 awak+ z ! g5tle helpmeet ( 8 exi/5ce4 ,extremely significant also is ! diff]5ce 9 ! acc\nts ( man's & ( woman's mat]ial =mation4 ,man is =m$ ( ! du/ ( ! e>?1 & !re=e %ortly aft] inve/$ ) ! dom9ion ( ! :ole e>?ly globe z ! deputy & viceg]5t ( ,him f :om come? all lord%ip & au?ority4 ,b woman is tak5 & creat$ out ( ! bosom or he>t ( man4 ,w\ld human wit h ev] inv5t$1 or ev5 conceiv$ ! possibility ( ?is great m>vel ( creative omnipot5ce8 ,?is 0 9 ,p>adise--b ) ! loss ( x man 0 depriv$1 9 a great mann]1 ( ^? high] p[]s ( life & ^? secrets ( nature :i* he _h previ\sly possess$ & und]/ood4 ,= ev5 9 ! body ( 8 e>?ly tab]nacle1 :i* _h fall5 a prey to dea?1 he _h become det]iorat$1 & 8 organic con/itution1 z is expressly intimat$1 fell consid]ably l[] 9 ! scale ( s5sible exi/5ce1 & sunk ne>] to ! level ( ! brute creation4 ,on ?is acc\nt ! *]ubic s5t9els1 ) ! flam+ sword1 7 plac$ at ! gate ( ,p>adise1 t man might n /ret* =? 8 h& to seize aga9 ! rights & privileges :i* he _h =m]ly enjoy$4 ,= n[ !y w\ld only h l$ to m mis*iev\s abuse & deep] corruption4 ,b s9ce !n1 _m great days ( creation h come & gone4 ,aga9 has ! great relation betwe5 ,god & man be5 re/or$1 & t also betwe5 man & ! s5sible _w ) ! spirits & =ces t rule !re91 has *ang$ & become new4 ,& n[ t ! beg9n+ is made1 & ! f\ndation laid = ! ,r$emption ( ! _w1 no man1 no "o at lea/ :o w loyally jo9 ! bann] ( ! ,r$eem]1 is =bidd51 b e "o has freely (f]$ to him ! div9e1 flam+1 two-edg$ sword ( ! ,_s--or ( ! ,^w1 & ( ! ?\ghts ( ! he>t unit$ to ,him1 enlight5$ by ,him1 & emanat+ f ,him4 ,?is fact ( itself furni%es at once ! answ] to ! "q conc]n+ ! secrets ( nature1 :e!r1 s9ce !y are no long] to be kept close f man1 impure & wick$ h&s may drag !m to ! light1 or :e!r x be n bett] t !y %\ld be t\*$ by ! holy & consci5ti\s alone1 & fai?fully gu>d$ ) a pi\s res]ve & religi\s delicacy4 ,& "h ! v context sugge/s naturally ! consid]ation ( ! la/ ( ! ?ree /eps :i*1 foll[+ ! c\rse m>k$ out = x by ,god1 ! human m9d has at la/ made 9 v mod]n times t[>d a true physical sci5ce1 & a "r und]/&+ ( ! mo/ inmo/ secrets ( nature4 ,x consi/s 9 a clos] obs]vation & a comm5c+ recognition ( a sacr$ ?read ( ens\l$ life--( an int]nal s\l-l l9k :i* holds toge!r ! :ole frame ( nature4 ,! ?+ & =ce itself are z old z ! _w & e sph]e ( exi/5ce--all ! leaves ( tradition & hi/ory are full ( its manife/ations & effects4 ,b ! me?odical obs]vation & treatm5t ( ^! ph5om5a 79 :i* alone ! true sci5tific "* consi/s7 dates its comm5cem5t )9 little m ?an half a c5tury ago4 ,to speak1 !re=e1 agreeably to ! measure ( "t 9 ! sl[ developm5t ( sci5ce1 x is ( ye/]day or ! day be=e2 & x is ev5 on ?is acc\nt also t ,i h be5 con/ra9$ to c\nt ?is ?ird & la/ advance t[>d a high] sci5ce ( nature1 z no?+ m ?an a half-/ep4 ,= x is only a beg9n+ :i* z yet has ga9$ no firm foot+ 9 ! m9ds ( m51 &1 moreov]1 besides ! "r & direct road1 x has already op5$ _m by-pa?s ( possible error4 ,?is only direct road1 t high] /&>d ( correct judgm5t :i* at ! v comm5cem5t we allud$ to z ! guid+ rule 9 ^! matt]s1 mu/ be s\ght by philosophy 9 t div9e sword ( ! ,_s :i* pi]ces ev5 to ! m>r[ ( life1 divid+ s\l & _s1 & :i* also is a disc]n] ( spirits4 ,b1 if ano!r /&>d & a high] tribunal is to be set up1 !n ,i mu/ leave x to o!rs :o1 p]haps1 "k m ab\t ! matt] ?an ,i d1 & are bett] qualifi$ to decide ^u x4 ,?is spiritual w>f>e1 at any rate1 c n be mu* long] elud$ or avoid$4 ,o t m5 w\ld take !re9 ,holy ,writ exclusively = _! guide6 ,= x1 inde$1 reg>ds ! :ole ( life1 & e important mom5t ( x1 z a conflict ) invisible p[]s2 z also x tacitly implies1 or expressly intimates t ! :ole s5sible _w is to be look$ ^u z no?+ else ?an an almo/ transp>5t1 &1 at all ev5ts1 a v p]i%able veil ( ! spiritual _w4 ,to ! lead] ( ! rebel spirits ! ,bible ascribes s great an influ5ce 9 creation1 t x calls him ! pr9ce1 nay1 ev5 ! god ( ?is _w--! rul] ( its pr9cipalities & p[]s4 ,& 9 ord] t ?is might n be tak5 9 a m]e figurative s5se1 & be und]/ood only ( a race ( m5 morally corrupt & deprav$1 ^! spiritual pot5tates are 9 o!r places expressly call$ ! elem5t>y p[]s ( nature--p[]s ( ! air1 :i* 9 ?is d>k planet>y _w ( ours is comp\nd$ ( light & d>kness1 & ev] /ruggl+ betwe5 life & dea?4 ,! true key & explanation ( ! :ole may1 h[ev]1 lie 9 ! simple s5t5ce--8,dea? came into ! _w by s940 ,z1 !n1 by ! dea? ( ! fir/ man1 :o 0 n creat$ =1 nor orig9ally design$ = dea?1 dea? has pass$ ^u ! :ole human race2 s by ! e>li] fall ( him1 :o _h be5 ! fir/ & mo/ glori\s ( creat$ spirits1 dea? pass$ ^u ! univ]se--t et]nal dea? ^: fire is unqu5*able4 ,h5ce x is writt53 8,d>kness 0 on ! face ( ! deep1 & ! e>?0--z ! m]e grave ( t et]nal dea?--80 )\t =m & void20 b ! 8_s ( ,god mov$ on ! face ( ! wat]s10 & !re9 lay ! fir/ g]m ( life = ! new creation4 ,we "h see ! diff]5ce betwe5 all hea!n sy/ems ( natural philosophy & a div9e k ( nature1 i4e41 "o acquir$ 9 & by ,god1 & also ! key = a "r und]/&+ ( ! latt]4 ,if n[ ! dynamic play ( ! liv+ =ces ( nature1 :i* is unque/ionably a liv+ entity1 & has a life 9 itself ?\gh n inde$ ( & f itself--if ?is dynamical alt]nation betwe5 life & dea? be reg>d$ z a simple fact1 & man is cont5t to re/ !re1 )\t seek+ to expla9 x by a high] pr9ciple1 !n w he h ev] ! self-same ,"o--an all-produc+1 all-absorb+1 rum9at+ mon/]1 :e!r we express x poetically1 z 9 my?ology1 or 9 ! sci5tific =mul>ies ( physiology4 ,q diff]5t is x1 h[ev]1 if ?is great pyramid has be5 built ^u ! f\ndation ( et]nal dea?4 ,!n is ! :ole creature ( ?is e>?ly planet & s5sible _w m]ely a comm5c+ life :i*1 s long z ! pyramid is /ill unf9i%$ & incomplete1 is1 9 p>ts1 p]petually relaps+ into dea?--into actual dea?1 or at lea/ into diseases & fractures ( v>i\s k9ds1 :i* are only s _m pr9cipia or g]ms ( dea?4 ,!n is nature itself no?+ less ?an ! ladd] ( resurrection1 :i*1 /ep by /ep1 leads upw>d1 or1 r1 is c>ri$ f ! abyss ( et]nal dea? up to ! apex ( light 9 ! heav5ly illum9ation4 ,=1 und]/&+ x 9 ?is s5se1 x is impossible to ?9k ( nature )\t rememb]+ at ! same "t ! div9e h& :i* has built ?is pyramid1 & :i*1 along ?is ladd]1 br+s life out ( dea?4 ,?is view1 moreov]1 acc\nts = ! fact1 t a /ate ( slumb] is ess5tial to nature1 & furni%es an explanation :y t p]petually-recurr+ collapse into sleep1 :i* to u appe>s s ne> ak9 to dea?1 %\ld be nature's prop] "*4 ,& j z ! consum+ fire ( dea? appe>s 9 ! m highly-organiz$ be+s to be some:at subdu$ & re/ra9$--mitigat$ or exalt$ into ! quick5+ w>m? ( life--s also sleep is only ! m ?an half-enlight5$ bro!r ( dea?4 ,& inde$ z su*1 & ! lovely mess5g] ( hope to immortal spirits1 0 he ev] reg>d$ & describ$ by ! anci5ts2 b t :i* = !m 0 little m ?an a beautiful image ( poetry is = u ! pr(\nde/ ( tru?s4 ,an exalt$ view & und]/&+ ( nature consi/s1 !n1 9 its be+ contemplat$ n m]ely z a dynamical play ( reciprocal =ces1 b hi/orically 9 its c\rse ( developm5t1 z a comm5c+ life1 p]petually relaps+ into dea?1 ev] dispos$ to sleep1 & only pa9fully rais+ itself1 or1 r1 rais$ & lov+ly guid$ ?r\gh all ! int]m$iate grades into ! light4 ,b b5ea? ! huge tomb/one ( outw>d nature !re sleeps a s\l1 n :olly ali51 b half ak9 to ourselves--:i* is di/ract$ betwe5 ! tr\bl$ & pa9ful rem9isc5ce ( et]nal dea?1 out ( :i* x issu$1 & ! fl[]s ( light :i* are scatt]$ "h & !re on ?is d>k e>?1 z s _m lovely sugge/]s ( a heav5ly hope4 ,= ?is e>?ly nature1 z ,holy ,writ te/ifies1#bd is1 inde$1 subject to nullity1 yet1 )\t its w1 & )\t its fault3 & consequ5tly 9 hope ( ,him :o has s subject$ x1 x looks =w>d 9 ! expectation t x %all "o day be free1 & h a "p 9 ! g5]al resurrection & consummate revelation ( ,god's glory1 be=e :i* bo? nature & dea? %all /& amaz$--& = ?is la/ day ( a new creation x sighs anxi\sly1 & ye>ns ) ! pr(\nde/ long+4 ,,lecture ,v4 ,,( ,,! ,,s\l ,,( ,,man ,,9 ,,relation ,,to ,,god4 ,a div9e sci5ce ( nature--"o1 i4e41 :i* is ev] look+ to & has its root 9 ,god1 unlike ! old hea!n physiologies--sees some?+ m 9 nature ?an a m]e endless play ( liv+ =ces & ! alt]nations ( dynamical action4 ,contemplat+ x r z a :ole1 & 9 ! connection ( its sev]al p>ts1 x traces x f ! fir/ f\ndation on :i* x 0 orig9ally rais$1 up to ! f9al consummation :i* ! ,almighty has design$ x to atta94 ,n[1 to su* a mode ( /udy+ x1 nature appe>s to be 9 its beg9n+1 z x 71 a bridge ?r[n across ! abyss ( et]nal dea? & et]nal no?+ness4 ,& 9 p]fect agreem5t ) ?is orig9 or f\ndation1 x exhibits itself at ! outset z a h\se ( corruption1 a "* :i*1 to a c]ta9 degree1 x subsequ5tly & long aft]w>d reta9s4 ,aft] a :ile1 h[ev]1 ?is h\se ( corruption is trans=m$1 by ! omnipot5ce ( ! good ,creator1 into a laboratory ( new life1 & f9ally is rais$ into a ladd] ( resurrection1 asc5d+1 or1 r1 is made to conduct1 /ep by /ep1 to ! highe/ pit* ( e>?ly glorification1 9 :i* nature1 too1 has a promise t %e %all p>take4 ,?is 0 ! subject ( ! prec$+ ,lecture1 & x naturally en\gh sugge/s ! fur!r "q1 :e!r a simil> scale ( gradual exaltation exi/s = ! human s\l1 :i*1 ev5 :ile x is 9 _m respects ak9 to "m e>? & to nature g5]ally1 is1 nev]!less1 f> m excell5t1 &1 by its innate dignity1 claims to be reg>d$ z ! v head & cr[n ( ?is e>?ly creation4 ,! inquiry !n1 :e!r ! s\l ( man1 gradually ris+ out ( ! dep?s ( ?is p]i%able exi/5ce & ! bondage ( corruption1 up to ,god1 c approa* ne>] to1 & f9ally be totally id5tifi$ ) ,him2 or at lea/1 :e!r x is capable ( be+ unit$ 9 a p]fect & la/+ h>mony ) ! sup]ior p[]s ( a high] & a div9] region--?is w =m ! !me ( our pres5t disquisition4 ,9 discuss+ x1 h[ev]1 our att5tion w be direct$ pr9cipally to its psy*ological aspect--its relation1 i4e41 to ! !ory ( consci\sness4 ,= ! moral exam9ation ( ?is subject1 ev5 if x be n all[able to assume t x1 at all ev5ts1 is well kn[n1 belongs to ano!r dep>tm5t ( inquiry4 ,n[1 on ?is head1 ! foll[+ rem>k imm$iately & naturally sugge/s itself to ! reflect+ m9d4 ,unless ! s\l be at unity ) itself x c n hope ev] to be "o )1 or to atta9 to an h>monic relation ) t ,be+1 :o1 z he is ! "o s\rce & pr9ciple ( all & on :om all dep5ds1 is 9 himself a pure h>mony4 ,b s f> is ?is condition f be+ fulfill$ 9 ! actual /ate ( ! human consci\sness1 t ! latt] appe>s r to consi/ ( pure & endless discord4 ,f\rfold1 ,i said1 is man's consci\sness2 & ,i call$ its f\r conflict+ =ces1 viz41 und]/&+ & w1 reason & fancy1 its f\r poles1 or *ief bran*es1 or ev5 ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! int]nal _w ( ?\ght4 ,h[ seldom1 h[ev]1 d ! und]/&+ & w agree toge!r4 ,does n ea* ( !m pref] to foll[ an indep5d5t c\rse ( its own8 ,h[ seldom d m5 really & p]sev]+ly w & desire :at !y cle>ly see & ackn[l$ge & p]fectly und]/& to be ! be/6 ,& h[ (t51 on ! o!r h&1 d we und]/& little or no?+ ( t1 :i* yet 9 ! inmo/ recesses ( our he>ts1 we mo/ desire & wi%1 & mo/ ard5tly & det]m9$ly resolve ^u6 ,reason & fancy1 too1 bo? 9 ! inn] ?\ght & 9 outw>d life also1 are1 on ! :ole1 9 ho/ile conflict ) ea* o!r4 ,reason w\ld wi% to suppress or at lea/ to disp5se altoge!r ) fancy1 :ile fancy1 c>+1 = ! mo/ "p1 b little or no?+ = ! reason1 goes its own way4 ,! w1 moreov]1 unceas+ly di/ract$1 is nev] ev5 at peace ) itself1 :ile ! reason1 /&+ alone 9 ! endless evolution ( its own ?\ght1 entangles itself at la/ 9 a labyr9? ( irreconcilable contradictions4 ,! und]/&+1 aga91 has s _m grades & species1 & divides itself among s _m sph]es & functions1 t 9 ?is respect we might be ju/ifi$ 9 say+3 ,?is "o und]/&+ und]/&s n ! o!r1 ev5 ?\gh x be equally correct bo? 9 itself & 9 its mode ( op]ation4 ,& ?us1 too1 9 ! individual3 8 und]/&+1 ! sum1 i4e41 ( all t he und]/&s1 consi/s1 = ! mo/ "p1 b ( rags & fragm5ts ( tru?1 :i* (t5 en\gh d n mat* v well1 & seldom1 if ev]1 admit ( be+ made to bl5d h>moni\sly toge!r4 ,& s1 too1 is x 9 all t belongs to1 & is "u ! influ5ce ( fancy4 ,! subjective views1 = in/ance1 & conceits ( man--! delusions ( 8 s5ses1 ! rapidly *ang+ meteors & unsub/antial phantoms ( human passion1 are ?+s only too well kn[n1 self-evid5t1 & univ]sally ackn[l$g$4 ,s pr(\nd1 !n1 ev5 9 a psy*ological po9t ( view1 & ap>t f ! multipli$ phases :i* ! moral aspect pres5ts1 appe>s ! discord :i* reigns 9 our :ole m9d z at pres5t con/itut$6 ,diss5sion seems to be int]wov5 into its fundam5tal fabric4 ,in/ead1 !re=e1 ( say+ ! human consci\sness is f\rfold1 ) equal1 if n ) great] correctness1 we might & ought to say1 x is divid$1 or1 r1 split1 into f\r or m pieces4 ,x is common en\gh to speak ( facts ( consci\sness4 ,& yet h[ seldom among philosoph]s is any ?+ m meant by ?is expression ?an ! m]e ?9k+ ( ?\ghts1 9 ! et]nal repetition ( ! same empty process 9 :i* ! ?9k+ ,ego ?9ks itself1 & by means ( :i* ! ,me is1 z x 71 seiz$ 9 ! v act1 & !n1 z ! fir/ beg9n+1 ! imag9>y ,creator & ,demiurge ( ! ideal _w1 ?is ,me is hung out l a gild$ p5non f ! top ( ! :ole artificial sy/em4#be ,! only fact ( ! consci\sness t really des]ves to be s nam$ is its int]nal diss5sion4 ,& ?is discord n only reveals itself 9 ?\ght betwe5 ! ,me & ,n ,me1 b p]vades ! :ole & all its bran*es1 or p>ts & =ms1 its species & sph]es1 9 m9d & s\l1 und]/&+ & w1 reason & fancy1 :i* e :]e manife/s itself1 & ( :i* ! ?\s&fold mat]ial discords ( man's out] life is only ! reflection--its natural consequ5ce & fur!r developm5t4 ,f ?is fact ( ! manifold & ev]-v>y+ diss5sion ( ! human consci\sness an exposition ( philosophy might n inappropriately set out1 9 ord] f ?is po9t to seek ! solution ( its peculi> problem1 & ! "r road = ! atta9m5t ( its end4 ,= ! problem ( philosophy1 z contemplat$ f ?is side1 w\ld consi/ 9 ! re/oration ( t orig9al1 natural1 & true /ate ( ! consci\sness 9 :i* x 0 at unity & 9 h>mony ) itself4 ,x is a lead+ error ( philosophy t x views ! pres5t /ate ( ! human consci\sness z ev5 its "r "o1 :i* requires only to be rais$ to a high] p[] 9 ord] to be cleans$ f ! ta9t ( commonness ( ! ord9>y way ( ?9k+ :i* cl+s to x among ! ignorant & unphilosophical1 & !reupon to be compris$ 9 /rangely artificial & seem+ly mo/ pr(\nd =mul4 ,b by su* an involution to a high] p[] ! error is n got rid (1 b r ! evil itself is aggravat$1 s9ce x is conta9$ 9 ! root itself1 & is to be f\nd 9 ! inmo/ /ructure ( ! consci\sness4 ,besides1 x c n h be5 ! orig9al con/itution ( man's m9d to be ?us a prey to manifold diss5sion1 & split1 z x 71 into pieces & qu>t]$4 ,?is discord is1 und\bt$ly1 9 ! true mean+ ( ! ^w1 a fact1 ! only "o :i* e individual c )\t hesitation v\* = on ! imm$iate & indep5d5t te/imony ( 8 own exp]i5ce4 ,= ! cause ( ?is well-au!nticat$ fact we h only to look to t ev5t :i* revelation has made kn[n1 ( :i* ea* man mu/ p]ceive ! sad traces )9 8 own he>t4 ,x began ) t eclipse ( ! s\l :i* prec$$ & comm5c$ ! pres5t /ate ( man1 & 0 occasion$ by ! int]v5tion ( a =eign body betwe5 x & ! sun :i* gave x light4 ,b if ! s\l1 ! ?9k+ z well z ! lov+ s\l1 be ! c5t] ( consci\sness1 !n1 9 ?is great & g5]al d>k5+ ( ! c5t]1 ! entire sph]e1 9 its :ole ess5ce & /ructure1 mu/ h be5 alt]$4 ,&1 consequ5tly1 9 its philosophical aspect1 & ap>t f all special moral depravity 9 ! indep5d5t actions1 evil habits & passions ( individuals1 ! s\l is no long] :at x 0 orig9ally1 z creat$ & design$ by ! ,almighty4 ,?us1 !n1 ! :ole human consci\sness is fill$ ) unmitigat$ discord & division1 n m]ely 9 its mix$ rational & s5su\s or t]re/rial & spiritual nature1 b ?\ght itself is at issue ) life4 ,&1 moreov]1 :ile 9 ! ?\ght ! int]nal & ! ext]nal1 fai? & sci5ce1 are involv$ 9 a ho/ile contr>iety1 di/urb+ & de/roy+ ea* o!r1 s is x also 9 life ) ! f9ite & ! inf9ite1 ! transitory & ! imp]i%able4 ,9 su* a /ate ( ?+s1 !re=e1 & f ?is po9t ( view1 ! problem ( philosophy1 z already rem>k$1 c n well be any o!r ?an ! re/oration ( ! consci\sness to its prim>y & true unity1 s f> z ?is is humanly possible4 ,n[ t ?is true & p]man5t unity1 if x be at all atta9able1 mu/ be look$ = 9 ,god1 is at all ev5ts an all[able hypo!sis4 ,= x w n be disput$1 except by "o :o holds bo? ?is unity itself & its re/itution to be absolutely impossible4 ,b ?is is a po9t on :i* mu* may be advanc$ on bo? sides1 & :i*1 !re=e1 s9ce m]e disput+ c avail no?+ ei!r "o way or ! o!r1 c only be decid$ by ! fact--! issue ( ! attempt4 ,on ?is hypo!sis1 !n1 ev5 philosophy mu/ 9 e case take ,god = ! basis ( its speculations--set out f ,him1 & draw 9 e in/ance f ?is div9e s\rce4 ,b !n1 consid]$ f ?is po9t ( view1 & pursu+ ?is r\te1 x is no idle speculation & simple contemplation ( ! inn] exi/5ce & ?\ght alone--no dead sci5ce--b a vital ef=t & an effectual work+ ( ! ?\ght = ! re/oration ( a corrupt & degrad$ consci\sness to its natural simplicity & orig9al unity4 ,& ?is is ! way :i* we h m>k$ out = ! c\rse ( our speculations1 or1 r1 ! end :i* we mu/ /rive1 h[ev] imp]fectly1 yet at lea/ to ! be/ ( our abilities1 to atta9 to4 ,&1 accord+ly1 ea* ( ! f\r prec$+ ,lectures1 al?\gh 9 free sket*y outl9e1 conta9s an attempt to put an end to & reconcile "s p>ticul> s*ism among ^? :i* are ! mo/ m>k$ & pr$om9ant 9 ! consci\sness1 & :i* 9 ess5tial po9ts mu/ di/urb ! :ole ( life4 ,h[ f> 9 ^! f\r introductory essays ?is problem has be5 satisfactorily or completely solv$ & happily settl$1 is a "q :i* w be be/ & mo/ fairly te/$ by ! idea ( philosophy1 z hav+ its true end & aim 9 ! re/oration ( ?is corrupt consci\sness to its s\nd /ate--to its orig9al unity & full en]gy ( life4 ,! discord betwe5 philosophy itself & life 0 ! fir/ t ,i attempt$ to get rid (4 ,b n[1 if 9 ! place ( ab/ract ?\ght & ! dialectical reason1 we are entitl$ to look to ! ?9k+ & lov+ s\l = ! true c5t] ( man's consci\sness1 !n ! imag9>y p>tition-wall betwe5 sci5ce & life at once crumbles away4 ,our second ,lecture 0 occupi$ ) ! discord :i* subsi/s betwe5 ! f9ite & ! inf9ite--! et]nal & ! p]i%able2 &1 because ?is involv$ a problem :i* c only be solv$ by life & reality1 ,i !re=e conf9$ myself to po9t+ out ! way 9 :i* we may hope to discov] _! unity & equation4 ,) ?is view1 ,i attempt$ to e/abli% a vivid conviction t !re is a true en?usiasm :]e9 ! illimitable feel+ manife/s itself z actual1 & t ev5 ! e>?ly passion ( love assumes1 9 ! holy union ( fidelity & w$lock1 ! /amp ( ! indissoluble & et]nal1 & becomes ! s\rce ( _m div9e bless+s1 & ( _m moral ties1 :i* are /rong]1 & furni% a firm] moral basis to society1 ?an any g5]al maxims1 or ?an any e?ical !ory :i* is built ^u su* notional ab/ractions1 f> m ?an ^u ! pregnant results ( ! exp]i5ce ( life4 ,& la/ly1 9 pure long+1 ,i po9t$ out an ef=t ( man's consci\sness direct+ itself to an inf9ite1 et]nal1 & div9e object4 ,b1 z ?is long+ c only ev9ce its reality by ! fruits x br+s =?1 ,i res]v$1 to a future opportunity1 ! m precise det]m9ation ( ?is "q4 ,! !me ( our ?ird ,lecture 0 ! exi/5ce & ! reconciliation ( t s*ism :i*1 bo? 9 ?\ght & life1 divides ! int]nal & ! ext]nal worlds4 ,if all kn[+ be a m]e process ( ! reason1 !n mu/ ?is discord betwe5 ! inn] & ! out] be =ev] irreconcilable1 & we %\ld be utt]ly at a loss to conceive h[ a =eign & ali5 body c\ld ev] h f\nd entrance f )\t into our ,me1 & become an object ( its cognition4 ,b if e species ( kn[+ be positive--if1 also1 ! cognition ( ! spiritual & div9e be no?+ else ?an an int]nal & high] sci5ce ( exp]i5ce1 !n ! idea ( revelation furni%es at once ! key to expla91 :ile x e/abli%es ! possibility ( a k ( ! div9e4 ,& ?is rem>k admits1 also1 ( application to nature itself1 :5 we consid] x 9 its totality & int]nal con/itution1 & speak ( a k ( ^! ?+s--( ! vital =ce :i* rules 9 x1 or its animat+ s\l2 = ?is1 inde$1 eludes our grasp1 b yet speaks pla9ly to u--to him1 at lea/1 :o is wise to und]/& nature's language4 ,= if1 9 attempt+ to und]/& nature1 we isolate h]1 z x 71 & exclude all ref]5ce to ,him :o gave h] be+1 & has assign$1 also1 h] limits & h] end--if1 9 %ort1 we di/urb ! two poles ( a "r und]/&+ ( nature1 !n1 mo/ assur$ly1 w ! ef=t be fruitless1 & all our labor unpr(itable4 ,man1 h[ev]1 has gone /ill fur!r1 & by transf]r+ ! innate discord ( 8 int]nal consci\sness to outw>d objects1 has =cibly r5t asund] ,god & ,nature--he has ?us divorc$ ! s5sible _w & its ,mak]1 & set !m 9 ho/ile array aga9/ ea* o!r1 & !reby br\ght physical sci5ce 9 collision ) ! k ( div9e ?+s & ) revelation4 ,our f\r? ,lecture1 !re=e1 0 consecrat$ to an attempt to effect "h1 also1 a reconciliation1 or1 at lea/1 to lay ! fir/ /one1 & to m>k out ! road by :i* alone we c\ld hope to arrive at s desirable a result3 & ?is is a problem :i* is ev5 ! m important ! tru] x is1 t ?is discord is n conf9$ to sci5ce & ! sci5tific doma91 b ext5ds1 also1 to real life1 :]e ^! discrepant views & modes ( ?9k+ are array$ aga9/ ea* o!r 9 s _m ho/ile & conflict+ p>ties4 ,& al?\gh1 z diff]+ m]ely z to ! =m & direction ( ?\ght1 !y d n come =w>d 9 s di/9ct a %ape1 or "u su* *>act]i/ic names1 z ! p>ties 9 religion & politics1 /ill ?is diss5sion is n1 !re=e1 less real & univ]sal1 or its effects & influ5ce less noticeable4 ,( ^! p>ties ! fir/1 & by f> ! mo/ num]\s1 is ! sect ( ! rationali/s1 :o d\bt indiscrim9ately ( all ?+s1 & te/ e matt] by ! /&>d ( _! own skepticism4 ,! second class is =m$ ( ! exclusive wor%ip]s ( nature1 & has _m memb]s among sci5tific m52 :ile1 la/ly1 ! ?ird consi/s ( ^? :o d]ive1 f ! positive s\rce ( a div9e decision1 ! law ( _! ?9k+ & ! /&>d ( _! judgm5t4 ,n[1 ?is la/ p>ty1 if x w\ld only g a few /eps f>!r1 & draw /ill deep] f ?is s\rce1 w\ld be able to assign its appropriate place & value to e pot5ce & tru? 9 ! o!r species ( ?\ght & k1 & ev5 !reby might qualify itself to dissolve & reconcile ! all-p]vad+ discord4 ,b inasmu* z !y d n adopt ?is conciliatory attitude t[>d natural1 hi/orical1 & ev5 arti/ic k1 s f> z !y are true1 b1 on ! contr>y1 9 a _s ( animosity1 attempt to circumscribe & set negative limits to !m1 if n absolutely to reject !m z wor?less & pr(ane--!n1 :5 !y lea/ wi% x1 !y really s9k into a p>ty no less ?an ! o!r two4 ,& ?us1 :ile !y might occupy a f> high] position1 !y fall to ! level ( ! re/1 & contribute1 on _! "p1 an elem5t to ! intellectual /rife1 & t5d to promote & p]petuate x4 ,! ?ree p>ties1 !n1 :i* by _! rul+ ideas divide life & age1 are ! rational ?9k]s1 ! wor%ip]s ( nature1 & ^? :o1 9 all controv]t$ que/ions1 appeal absolutely to a high] & div9e au?ority2 = inasmu* z ! s5t5ce ( ! latt] is only ( a negative import1 x is !re=e insuffici5t to meet all ! requisitions ( life4 ,?us1 !n1 h ,i l$ y\r consid]ation to f\r diff]5t po9ts1 9 ord] to seize & exhibit1 9 z _m diff]5t =ms & sph]es1 ?is great fact ( ! diss5sion 9 man's consci\sness1 z x exi/s at pres5t4 ,9 a simil> mann]1 too1 a f\rfold attempt has be5 made to rem$y its h]$it>y disease1 :i* has be5 inh]5t 9 x s9ce ! orig9al d>k5+ ( ! s\l at ! ,fall1 &1 by appeas+ ! discord :i*1 z x is all-p]vad+ & univ]sal1 assumes manifold %apes & =ms1 to make ! fir/ /ep ( return & approximation t[>d ! orig9al h>monic unity4 ,hav+ consid]$ ! matt] 9 ^! f\r special po9ts ( view1 x w n1 ,i hope1 appe> premature if ,i n[ propose ! "q 9 a m g5]al po9t ( view1 :i* w embrace ! :ole human consci\sness itself2 b1 at ! same "t1 limit our consid]ation ( x exclusively to its psy*ological aspect4 ,n[ x is 9 n[ise difficult to conceive ( ! human s\l z mu* simpl] ?an x is1 & ap>t f t division ( x into sev]al faculties1 :i* is at mo/1 & prop]ly1 b an accid5t ( its exi/5ce4 ,"o ( ! fir/ among ! mod]n philosoph]s ( ,g]many1 says some:]e ( ! s\l1 t ! supposition ( its exi/5ce is sup]flu\s1 & t x is a pure fiction4,a ,b ?is /atem5t 0 ! result ( 8 hav+ ab&on$ 9 8 sy/em ! true c5t] ( life & consci\sness2 :oev]1 on ! contr>y1 adh]es /eadily !reto1 w nev] concur 9 a position :i* simply1 z contradict+ ! g5]al feel+ ( human nature1 requires no elaborate refutation4 ,b z reg>ds ! two p>ts into :i* ! s\l is divid$1 viz41 ,reason & ,fancy--^!1 at any rate1 are no fiction1 b exi/ really & truly )9 ! consci\sness1 :]e1 z 9 life itself1 !y (t5 /& confront+ ea* o!r 9 ho/ile array4 ,?is division c n well be call$ sup]flu\s1 b yet x does n admit ( be+ consid]$ absolutely necess>y1 & belong+ to ! s\l's orig9al ess5ce4 ,if all ?9k+ 7 a liv+ cogitation--if ! ?9k+ & ! lov+ s\l _h rema9$ at unity 9 _! true c5t]1 !n ! ext]nal me?odical ?\ght & ! int]nal productive ?9k+1 m$itat+1 & inv5tion1 w\ld n be sep>ate & divorc$--at lea/ !y w\ld n come into ho/ile conflict ) ea* o!r1 b w\ld r be h>moni\sly comb9$ 9 ! liv+ cogitation ( ! lov+ s\l4 ,! sev]al =ms1 too1 ( a high] love & a high] endeavor1 aye1 e lawful e>?ly incl9ation1 w\ld be bl5d$ 9 ?is h>mony ( ! s\l1 & no long] /& out z a sep>ate & isolat$ faculty1 occasionally conflict+ ) all ! o!rs4 ,ev5 ! consci5ce w\ld no long] appe> z a special act or function ( ! judgm5t1 ( a di/9ct & peculi> k9d1 b w\ld be absorb$ 9 ! :ole z a delicate int]nal s5sibility & ! pulse ( ! moral life4 ,z = s5sation & memory1 !y are 9 any case b m9i/]+ faculties1 :i* only appe> di/9ct & indep5d5t "u ! influ5ce ( ! prevail+ t5d5cy to sep>ation & disunion1 b on ! supposition ( a simpl] & m h>moni\s consci\sness1 w\ld be c\nt$ m]ely z bodily organs4 ,if1 !n1 ! s\l _h n suff]$ an eclipse--if x _h rema9$ undi/urb$ 9 ! cle> light ( ,god--!n w\ld man's consci\sness also h be5 mu* simpl] ?an x n[ is1 ) all ^? sev]al faculties :i* we at pres5t f9d & di/+ui% 9 x4 ,9 su* a case1 x w\ld consi/ only ( und]/&+1 s\l1 & w4 ,= if1 accord+ to ! ?ree directions ( its activity1 any "o %\ld /ill be dispos$ to divide x into ! ?9k+1 ! feel+1 & ! lov+ s\l1 /ill ?is w\ld n be f\nd$ on any intr9sic /rife or discord1 b !y w\ld all comb9e h>moni\sly toge!r1 & 9 ?is h>moni\s comb9ation be at unity among !mselves4 ,z = ! di/9ction betwe5 und]/&+ & w1 t w\ld /ill rema91 s9ce x is ess5tial to m9d or _s1 & may1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 be ascrib$ ev5 to ! uncreat$ spirits4 ,b 9 ?is g>d5 ( ! s\l ( inw>d illum9ation--on ?is fruitful soil ( h>moniz$ ?\ght & feel+--!y w\ld walk amicably toge!r1 & "w 9 common1 & w\ld n1 z ho/ile be+s1 turn aside 9 opposite directions1 or z is mo/ly ! case 9 actual life1 be divid$ f ea* o!r by an impassable gulf1 & nev] meet 9 fri5dly contact4 ,?us ne>ly1 or some:at simil>ly1 mu/ we conceive (1 & attempt to repres5t to ourselves1 ! human m9d 9 its orig9al /ate1 be=e x 0 d>k5$1 r5t asund]1 & condemn$ to la/+ discord1 b 0 z yet em95tly simple & p]fectly h>moni\s4 ,& n[ z reg>ds und]/&+ & w1 z a division ( p[]s ess5tial to ! m9d or _s1 :i*1 h[ev]1 z su*1 is n necess>ily inh>moni\s3 ! expression already t\*$ ^u ( ano!r ( our mod]n ,g]man philosoph]s1 w s]ve z a transition to & comm5c+ po9t = my rem>ks4 ,accord+ to ?is memorable ass]tion ) reg>d to ! m9d gei/1 & :i* w s]ve z an appropriate p5d5t to t la/ quot$ ab\t ! s\l1 ! ess5ce ( m9d or _s 9 g5]al consi/s 9 ! negation ( ! opposite4#bf ,n[ ,i c n /op at pres5t to inquire :at s5se ?is w\ld give1 if appli$ to ! uncreat$ _s1 & ! ,creator ( all o!r spiritual be+s4 ,b z conc]ns creat$ spirits3 _! ess5ce1 contr>iwise1 consi/s pr9cipally 9 an et]nal affirmation4 ,b ?is1 h[ev]1 !y h n ( & f !mselves1 b x is ! affirmation ( ! "o to :i* ,god has exclusively de/9$ !m4 ,b x is n ( !mselves1 b ( ,god & ,8 en]gy1 ( :om ^! creat$ spirits are1 z x 71 b a ray--a sp>k ( ,8 light--!re=e1 9 ?is ray1 n only sight & und]/&+1 b also ?\ght & de$1 w & execution1 are simultane\s & id5tical4 ,& x is 9 ?is respect t !y are s totally diff]5t f m54 ,n[ ?is ray ( light1 imp>t$ to !m f ,god1 is no?+ less ?an ! ?\ght ( _! de/9ation--( ! purpose ( _! be+--9 a ^w1 _! mission1 if we may speak aft] a human fa%ion1 & 9 ! prevail+ phraseology4 ,&1 inde$1 9 all anci5t languages1 ! pure creat$ intellig5ces h ^! names f t mission :i* con/itutes _! ess5ce2 = _! ess5ce is ev5 p]fectly id5tical ) ?is div9e mission or inborn et]nal affirmation4 ,to ! fall5 spirits1 on ! o!r h&1 ! maxim above quot$ applies truly en\gh3 _! ess5ce consi/s1 n 9 ! div9e affirmation1 or ! mission :i* !y h ab&on$1 b r 9 ! et]nal1 ?\gh bootless1 d5ial ( _! opposite1 :i* is ev5 no?+ less ?an ! div9e ord]4 ,= to _! ambiti\s intellect & p]v]se wills1 ! latt]1 9 all probability1 appe>$ f> too lov+1 &1 !re=e1 un9telligible2 :ile1 to _! c5sori\s judgm5t1 x seem$ defici5t 9 rigor ( consequ5ce1 & n unconditional & absolute en\gh4 ,all t has hi!rto be5 said r$uces itself to ! foll[+ result4 ,z by ! fir/ obscuration & eclipse ( ! human s\l ! v body ( man 0 det]iorat$1 & hav+ be5 orig9ally creat$ ) a capacity ( immortality1 fell a prey to dea?1 & receiv$ ! g]ms1 or became liable to _m diseases1 z roots ( dea?--:i* is n guilt itself1 b ! natural result ( guilt--s 9 8 consci\sness !re 0 !n implant$1 & has ev] s9ce be5 propagat$1 a g]m ( intellectual dea?1 & manifold se$s ( error1 :i*1 h[ev]1 are n a new s91 b m]ely ! natural consequ5ces ( ! fir/ s9 & ! orig9al corruption ( ! s\l4 ,9 f\r diff]5t =ms1 accord+ to ! f\r c>d9al po9ts & fundam5tal faculties ( ! human consci\sness1 does ?is inborn error & fruitful g]m ( errone\s & false ?9k+ %[ & develop itself4 ,we h already spok5 ( ?is futile idea ( ! deadness ( all ext]nal life1 :i* has tak5 su* deep root 9 ! c5t] ( all human ?\ght--9 ! dead ab/ract notion & ! empty =mula1 & :i*1 cl++ z an orig9al ta9t to ! human m9d z at pres5t con/itut$1 r5d]s x s difficult = all ^? :o1 n cont5t ) m]ely obs]v+ nature1 wi% really to und]/& x 9 its liv+ op]ation1 &1 moreov]1 to imitate 9 ?\ght its dynamical law1 & ! inn] pulse ( its vital =ces4 ,= 9 ! ab/ract notion all ?is evaporates1 & :5 conf9$ )9 su* dead =mul>ies1 ! true life ( nature quickly becomes ext9ct4 ,?is1 !re=e1 is ! prim>y s\rce ( error--! lead+ species ( b>r5 & futile ?9k+ 9 ! ab/ract und]/&+4 ,b n[ ?is dead & lifeless cogitation ( ab/ract ideas1 ) its processes ( comb9+ & inf]r+1 or ( analyz+ & draw+ di/9ctions1 may be c>ri$ on into inf9ity1 z be+ t :]e9 ! ess5ce or function ( reason consi/s1 & also z giv+ rise to int]m9able disputes & contradictions4 ,consequ5tly ?is =m ( ! reason1 :i* is ev] pursu+ dialectical disputations1 or else skeptically r5\nc+ its own au?ority1 ev5 because x nev] all[s itself to proce$ 9 :at alone is its legitimate c\rse1 becomes !reby a second s\rce ( error & false ?9k+ among m54 ,&1 inde$1 ?is errone\s proc$ure ( ! dialectical reason1 :i* is incessantly work+ out or analyz+ its ab/ract notions1 is ! effect ( ! pres5t con/itution ( ! human m9d2 s t no individual c 9 ju/ice be blam$ on its acc\nt1 nor c its p]v]t$ conclusions & corrupt+ results be fairly imput$ to ult]ior views & pr9ciples ( an immoral "*4 ,9 consid]+ ! imag9ation z a s\rce ( error1 we h no ne$ to select ! in/ance ( a fancy satanically inflam$ to passion1 or satanically delud$1 or ev5 "o ( a purely mat]iali/ic bias & lean+4 ,= fancy1 ev5 9 its greate/ exaltation & pure/ =m1 is at be/ b a subjective view & mode ( cogitative appreh5sion1 &1 consequ5tly1 z su*1 is ev] a fruitful p>5t ( delusion4 ,h[ v r>ely an imag9ation is to be f\nd :i* is n pr$om9antly subjective1 is %[n precisely 9 ! v highe/ grade ( its developm5t--9 ! creations ( imitative art4 ,( ! exalt$ g5iuses :o 9 s+le ages & nations h di/+ui%$ !mselves f ! great mass1 & atta9$ to t r>e em95ce--! reputation ( ! true arti/2 out ( ?is %ort li/ ( great names1 h[ few c be select$ ( ^: productions x c be truly said & boa/$--,"h 9 ?is picture we h some?+ m ?an a m]e g5]al view1 or ! peculi> fantasy ( an individual2 "h life & nature /& be=e u 9 _! full tru? & objective reality1 & speak to u 9 t univ]sal language1 :i* is intelligible to m5 ( all c\ntries & all times6 ,& ! same rem>k applies to ! :ole doma9 ( sci5tific ?\ght 9 g5]al2 b especially to physical & hi/orical sci5ce4 ,9 l mann]1 9 ! sph]e ( ! w1 x is n m]ely immoral volitions1 :i*1 z su*1 mu/ ev] be false & wrong1 t are exclusively ! s\rce ( errone\s ?\ght4 ,! spr+ ( ^? errors :i* we are at pres5t consid]+ lies 9 ! v =m ( ! w itself1 i4e41 9 ! absolute will+1 ev5 ?\gh its object & end be1 9 !mselves1 p]fectly legitimate & unexceptionable4 ,t ?is absolute will+--or1 to speak m humanly1 & 9 ord9>y language1 self-w & ob/9acy--is a fundam5tal & h]$it>y fail+ ( ! human "*1 z at pres5t con/itut$1 :i* %[s itself 9 ! v y\nge/ *ildr51 ) ! fir/ dawn ( reason1 & requires to be mo/ wat*fully *eck$1 is b too well kn[n to e tea*] & e "m4 ,b n 9 infancy only1 b also 9 ! mo/ important & compreh5sive relations ( life--nay1 ev5 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w--?is same absolute will+ proves ! mo/ p]nici\s ( all ! s\rces ( error & corruption 9 ! s\l & life ( man1 ev5 :5 its object is n unmitigat$ly bad1 or :51 p]haps1 x may ev5 des]ve to be call$ great & noble4 ,x is ?r\gh ?is absolute will+ t ! sov]eign ) unlimit$ au?ority1 ev5 ?\gh he be gift$ ) a /rong & compreh5sive intellect1 & possess$ ( _m e/imable qualities & moral virtues1 becomes1 nev]!less1 ! oppressor ( 8 p & ! m]ciless tyrant4 ,?r\gh x1 also1 9 /ates :i* are n mon>*ical1 b :]e ! supreme au?ority is divid$ among sev]al e/ates1 views & pr9ciples :i*1 calmly consid]$ & duly limit$ by oppos+ pr9ciples1 are true & b5eficial1 by be+ advanc$ absolutely1 & )\t qualification1 are conv]t$ into s _m viol5t factions1 :i*1 di/ract+ ! m9ds ( m5 & inflam+ _! passions1 produce a wide-spread & fe>ful an>*y4 ,! dead ab/ract notions ( ! intellect1 ! dialectical disputes ( ! reason1 ! purely subjective & "o-sid$ appreh5sion ( objects by a delud$ fancy1 & ! absolute w1 are ! f\r s\rces ( human error4 ,consid]$ ap>t f ! ab]rations ( passion1 special faults ( "*1 & prejudices ( education1 z well z ! false notions & wrong judgm5ts to :i* ! latt] give rise--^! f\r are ! spr+s f :i* fl[s all ! error ( ! s\l :i* makes itself ! c5t] ( ! t]re/rial reality1 & :i*1 spr++ out ( ?is soil1 is n\ri%$ & propagat$ by x4 ,to :at1 !n1 are we to look to dispel ^! manifold delusions b to a clos] & m intimate union ( ! s\l ) ,god z ! s\rce ( life & tru?8 ,:at1 let u !re=e ask1 is ! organ by :i* su* clos] union ) & imm$iate cognition ( ,god is to be effect$8 ,pla9ly n ! und]/&+1 ev5 ?\gh z ! cognitive s5se ( a revelation ( _s1 & ( ! _s ( revelation1 x c>ries u ?r\gh ! fir/ /eps t[>d a "r und]/&+ ( ourselves & ! ,creator4 ,= s long z we conf9e ourselves to ! und]/&+1 :i*1 at mo/1 is b a prep>atory & auxili>y faculty1 we %all only make an approximation4 ,x is only :5 ! div9e idea1 pass+ beyond ! und]/&+--! m]e surface1 z x 71 ( our consci\sness--p5etrates into ! v c5t] ( our be+1 & /rikes root !re1 t x is possible1 ) a view to ?is end1 to draw imm$iately f ! prim>y s\rce ( all life4 ,n[1 ! organ :i* ess5tially co-op]ates 9 ?is "w is ! w1 :i*1 9 su* co-op]ation h[ev]1 dive/s itself entirely ( its absolut5ess4 ,on ?is acc\nt ,i call$ ! w ! s5se = ,god1 or ! s5se :i* is appropriat$ to ! p]ception ( ,deity4 ,b be=e ,i proce$ 9 my attempt to def9e & elucidate ! nature ( ?is reciprocal action1 & %[ h[ x is possible or g5]ally conceivable1 x w be necess>y to premise "o ess5tial rem>k4 ,i h already attempt$ to discov] & e/abli% a special & *>act]i/ic m>k = e sph]e ( life1 & its highe/ & l[e/ grades4 ,?us1 ! prop] & di/9ctive signature ( nature1 & all t belongs to x1 is a /ate ( slumb] or sleep2 ! *>act]i/ic prop]ty ( man1 :i* di/+ui%es him f all o!r intellectual be+s1 is fancy2 :ile ! ess5tial prop]ty ( ! pure creat$ spirits is ! /amp ( et]nity :i* is impress$ on all _! op]ations1 by means ( :i* !y p]=m1 ) untir+ en]gies1 _! allott$ duties1 )\t ! alt]nation ( repose or ! necessity ( sleep1 & by reason ( :i* !y rema9 =ev] :at !y once beg9 to be4 ,apply+ ! same l9e ( ?\ght to a high] region1 ,i w\ld n[ attempt to discov] !re "s *>act]i/ic sign1 by obs]v+ :i* man may1 p]haps1 be able to f9d 8 true position4 ,proce$+1 !n1 9 ?is l9e ( ?\ght1 & pres]v+ a due reg>d to ! weakness ( ! human capacity1 ,i w\ld obs]ve z foll[s4 ,! *>act]i/ic1 n1 inde$1 ( ! div9e ess5ce--= t is too great = man's p[]s ( appreh5sion--b ( ! div9e op]ations & ,8 influ5ce on ! creation & all creat$ be+s1 consi/s 9 ,8 incr$ible condesc5sion t[>d ^! ,8 creatures1 & especially t[>d man4 ,incr$ible1 h[ev]1 x may1 nay1 mu/ & ought to be call$1 inasmu* z x transc5ds e notion1 nay1 all belief1 ev5 ! mo/ confid+ & *ildlike1 & ! m x is contemplat$1 appe>s ! m inconceivable & amaz+4 ,only x admits ( "q1 :e!r ! expression be suffici5tly simple & appropriate1 &1 consequ5tly1 well-*os52 = ! fact itself ( ?is div9e condesc5sion is affirm$ 9 e l9e & ^w ( revelation4 ,& by revelation ,i mean n m]ely ! writt5 revelation1 b e manife/ation m or less di/9ct ( ,god1 & ,8 div9e op]ations & provid5ce--hi/ory1 nature1 & life4 ,n[1 on no "o po9t are ! voices ( all1 :o on su* a matt] c be reg>d$ z au?orities1 s p]fectly concordant & unanim\s1 z on ?is wond]ful attribute ( ! ,godhead1 :i*1 on ! supposition t ! belief 9 "o liv+ ,god is univ]sal1 may be consid]$ z plac$ beyond d\bt or "q4 ,9 ord] to demon/rate h[ ess5tial is ! co-op]ation ( ! w to t liv+ int]communion ) ,god1 :i* is some?+ m ?an a m]e und]/&+1 we advance ! foll[+ assumptions4 ,suppos+ t 9 ! incr$ible condesc5sion ( ,8 love1 ,god has made ,himself kn[n to a man1 j z 9 ! fir/ books ( our ,holy ,scripture ,he is describ$ z conv]s+ ) ,moses1 & z famili>ly z "o fri5d talks to ano!r2 suppos+ also t ,he reveal$ to him all ! secret ?+s ( heav5 & e>? )\t res]ve2 t ,he at ! same "t laid op5 to him ,8 w & hidd5 c\nsels1 & t n summ>ily & 9 a g5]al way1 b def9itely & 9 detail--expressly mak+ kn[n to him ,8 graci\s purposes1 bo? 9 :at ,he at pres5t requires ( him & designs = him h]eaft]2 t ,he has also po9t$ out to man ! means :i* w enable him to accompli% ,8 w1 &1 moreov]1 has add$ ! highe/ possible promises = 8 enc\ragem5t2 suppos+ all ?is1 is x n evid5t t x nev]!less c\ld n help or pr(it man unless he cons5t$ to receive x8 ,! :ole div9e communication w\ld be 9 va9 if man ob/9ately cont9u$ 9 8 old ,egoism1 mix$ & comp\nd$ ( evil habits1 fe>s1 & s5sual desires1 &1 unable to te> himself away1 /ill clung close to ! n>r[ limits ( self & 8 own ,me4 ,n[ x is no?+ b ?is intr9sic cons5t & concurr5ce 9 ! w ( ,god1 ?is calm affirmation ( x1 t c help man1 :o is n[ left to 8 own free det]m9ation ev5 z reg>ds ! ,deity1 & t c lead him to ,god4 ,on ?is acc\nt ,i call$ ! w1 r ?an ! und]/&+1 man's s5se = ! div9e4 ,b all t is "h requir$ is ! int]nal ass5t1 & n ! p[] ( actual p]=mance2 = t v>ies ev5 accord+ to ! /&>d ( nature1 or r ( t :i* is imp>t$ to him f above1 s9ce ( himself man has no capacity = t :i* is high] & m excell5t1 no?+ be+ man's own b 8 w4 ,n[ ?is int]nal ass5t & submission ( man's own w to ! div9e is cle>ly inconceivable :]e x has n1 to a c]ta9 degree1 )drawn f ! s5sible _w :i* surr\nds him ) s _m ties & allurem5ts1 & :]e x has n loos5$ & set itself free f ! n>r[ doma9 ( self to :i* 8 ,ego s closely cl+s4 ,"h1 !n1 naturally arises ! "q1 h[ f> a r5unciation ( ! _w & self-sacrifice1 on :i* ev5 ! ,platonic philosophy s greatly insi/$1 is necess>y1 if we w\ld advance "o degree1 or at lea/ "o /ep1 ne>] to ,god1 z ! supreme good & all-p]fect ,be+1 & :at are its true & prop] limits8 ,9 ob$i5ce to ?is idea ( ! r5unciation ( ! _w z indisp5sable to communion ) ,god1 ! ,h9doo fakir w sit = ?irty ye>s 9 "o spot1 ) 8 eyes fix$ immutably 9 ! same direction1 s t he n only surpasses all ! limits ( human nature1 b also erases & ext+ui%es all traces ( x 9 himself4 ,or p]haps1 9 spite ( ! simple pr9ciple & rule ( s\nd reason1 t man1 z he is n ! au?or ( 8 own be+1 has no "r to t]m9ate x1 he foll[s a false idea ( self-sacrifice1 & m\nts ! flam+ pile 9 ord] to be ! soon] unit$ to ! ,deity4 ,9 ! fundam5tal idea ( ^! extravagances !re is d\btless a g]m ( beauty & ( tru?1 ?\gh 9 ! p]v]se application & gigantic scale ( exagg]ation t we meet ) x among ! primeval nations ( ,asia1 x is di/ort$ into mon/r\s falsehood4 ,a simple illu/ration1 tak5 f ! diff]5t ages ( man's life1 w p]haps s]ve to set 9 a cle> light ! po9t on :i* e ?+ turns 9 ?is matt] ( ! ass5t ( ! human to ! div9e w1 & to det]m9e ! s5se & ! degree 9 :i* man ought n to give himself up entirely to ! _w1 or to revolve closely r\nd ! c5t] ( self1 if he w\ld yield a s9c]e & he>ty submission to a high] voice & t guid+ h& :i* conducts ! education ( ! :ole human race1 & wat*es ) equal c>e ! developm5t ( individuals & ( ages4 ,! *ild may & mu/ play1 = su* ex]cise is :olesome & ev5 necess>y = ! free expansion ( its bodily p[]s2 b at its "m's call1 = to ! *ild h]s is ! high] voice1 x ought to leave its play4 ,y\?1 aga91 ought to be m]ry & enjoy ! v]dant spr+2 b :5 honor & duty summon to e>ne/ action1 !n mu/ he be ready to lay aside all light-he>t$ amusem5t = /]n] avocations2 or to take ano!r view ( ! y\?ful temp]am5t1 %\ld its joy\sness t\* too rudely1 n to say ov]/ep1 ! b\nds ( morality1 !n at ! fir/ h9t ( w>n+ x mu/ ab&on its trea*]\s pleasures4 ,! full-gr[n man1 too1 hav+ to make 8 way 9 ! _w & to fight ) =tune 9 ! h>d /ruggle ( life1 has little leisure = idle feel+s & m$itations2 only he mu/ n r5\nce all high] & nobl] s5tim5ts1 nor dismiss f 8 m9d ! ?\ght ( ! ,godhead & ! div9e 7:i* inde$ = its m]e pres]vation requires no outw>d ord9ance or loss ( "t71 z belong+ to ! boy1 & suitable only = ! unripe ye>s ( y\?4 ,or to reg>d life "u its passive aspect1 let u ?9k ( ! happy wife by ! side ( a husb& %e loves1 & liv+ only 9 h] *ildr51 & possess+ ( worldly good z mu* z %e wi%es or requires3 sudd5ly1 by "o ( ^? *anges & *ances :i* prevail 9 ?is transitory life1 %e is b]eav$ ( all--! p>tn] ( h] joys & c>es1 ! *ildr5 ( h] bosom1 & p]haps1 too1 ( h] rank & consid]ation1 :ile b5ea? ! repeat$ /rokes ( affliction h] v heal? s9ks4 ,:o w\ld *eck h] te>s or blame h] natural sorr[ if %e feels & tells h] woes8 ,no "o3 = holi] eyes ?an man's look ^u h] ) compassion4 ,"o ?+1 h[ev]1 may fairly & reasonably be expect$ ( h]--t %e d n give way entirely to despair1 nor murmur aga9/ ,provid5ce4 ,m1 !re=e1 ?an man requires ( man 9 ! ord9>y relations ( life1 ,god requires n ( ! human w2 & on t alone does ,he make any requisition1 9 respect to t free ass5t & int]nal concurr5ce :i* alone c b9d u 9 p]sonal union ) ! ,godhead1 & br+ u ne> to ,him2 a consummation :i* no m]e intellectual appreh5sion ( all possible revelations1 :e!r writt5 on ! pages ( inspiration1 or on ! op5 tablets ( nature1 or engrav5 on ! imp]i%able annals ( hi/ory1 is suffici5t to br+ ab\t4 ,s mu* & no?+ m is requir$ = ?is ess5tial concurr5ce ( ! human w ) ! div9e1 9 ! g5]al relations ( life4 ,b1 9 ! case ( any special vocation & pr(ession--if1 = in/ance1 a man feels himself dispos$ to become a m9i/] ( ! reveal$ ,^w1 an in/rum5t & mess5g] ( ! div9e communications--!n1 no d\bt1 high] & /]n] requisitions mu/ come into consid]ation4 ,to m5 ( native c\rage1 :at vocation c be m univ]sal ?an t ( a soldi] & def5d] ( 8 c\ntry8 b does n x require1 besides undaunt$ c\rage & contempt ( dea?1 ! pati5t & endur+ =titude :i* be>s up "u c\ntless h>d%ips & privations8 ,:at vocation1 aga91 c be simpl] & m fully f\nd$ 9 nature1 ?an t ( ! s(t] sex to become a "m8 b h[ _m suff]+s1 & fe>s1 & dang]s1 compass x ab\t1 & h[ inf9ite are ! great & little anxieties to :i* a "m's love--t pure/ & true/ ( all e>?ly affections--is expos$8 ,& x is ev5 h]e9 t human love mo/ betrays its weakness2 x may suffice = "s "o det]m9ate direction1 "s transitory p]iod ( life1 = "s s+le ef=t ( magnanimity or self-sacrifice1 b x r>ely survives ! *anges ( "t & =tune1 & its fai? & ardor too (t5 are ext+ui%$ amid ! petty trials ( e-day life1 & its numb]less c>es & anxieties4 ,& z ) ! love1 s also is x ) ! fai? ( m53 x ent]s n suffici5tly into m9uti2 x is n p]sonal en\gh1 nor suffici5tly *ildlike & confid+2 x is n made to ref] en\gh to ourselves4 ,mo/ m51 inde$1 h only too high an op9ion ( _! own wor?--an ov]we5+ confid5ce 9 _! own p[]s2 at lea/1 ! opposite fault ( extreme diffid5ce is a r>e exception4 ,b yet1 x is true1 m5 g5]ally take f> too l[ an e/imate ( _! true vocation & prop] de/9y2 !y believe n 9 its high dignity2 & z view$ 9 its place among ! va/ univ]se1 !y hold x & !mselves z comp>atively insignificant4 ,b ?is is a total misconception4 ,e man is an individual entity--an inn] _w ( 8 own1 full ( life--a true microcosm 7z has already be5 said 9 a diff]5t s5se7 9 ! eye ( ,god & 9 ! s*eme ( creation3 e man has a vocation ( 8 own1 & an appropriate de/9y4 ,c\ld m5's eyes be b once op5$ to see x1 h[ w\ld !y be amaz$ at ! inf9ity :i* !y h neglect$1 & might h atta9$ to1 & :i* g5]ally 9 ! _w rema9s neglect$ & unatta9$4 ,b ( ! _m ?\s&s :om ?is rem>k conc]ns1 h[ v few ev] atta9 to a cle> cognition ( _! real de/9ation6 ,& ! reason ( ?is is simply ! fact1 t ! fai? ( m5 is all too weak1 &1 above all1 t x is too vaguely g5]al1 too sup]ficial1 too little se>*+ or pr(\nd--n suffici5tly p]sonal & *ildlike4 ,a *ildlike fai?1 & a love t endure? unto ! end--^! are ! true bonds to hold ! s\l ( man 9 intimate union ) ,god4 ,b x is 9 hope1 su* z is at pres5t f\nd among m51 t ! *ief defect lies2 = hope ought to be /rong & h]oic1 o!rwise x is n t :i* ! "n expresses4 ,few m51 p]haps1 are entirely devoid ( fai? & love1 only !y are n suffici5tly c>ri$ into ! details & trifles ( life1 z human wants require2 = x is exactly to ^! t all t is div9e 9 m5's ?\ghts & de$s ought to be direct$4 ,9 hope1 on ! contr>y1 ! inn] man mu/ raise himself & asc5d up to ,god3 x mu/1 !re=e1 be /rong & en]getic1 if x is to be efficaci\s4 ,on ?is acc\nt we might well expect x to be f> m r>e1 comp>atively1 ?an fai? & love1 consid]$ accord+ to ! human scale ( reason+2 on ! o!r h&1 probably1 !re are _m m5 :o1 int]nally1 are almo/ totally de/itute ( hope4 ,! long+ aft] ! et]nal & div9e1 :i* has be5 already describ$1 is ! seek+ ( ,god2 b ?is calm1 inw>d ass5t ( ! w1 :5ev]1 ) a *ildlike fai? & endur+ love1 & 9 /eadfa/ hope1 x is c>ri$ ?r\gh & ma9ta9$ ) unwav]+ fidelity ?r\gh\t life1 is ! actual f9d+ ( ,him )9 u1 & a con/ant adh]5ce to ,him :5 once we h f\nd ,him4 ,z ! root & pr9ciple ( all t is be/ & noble/ 9 man1 ?is div9e long+ c n be too highly e/imat$1 & n[h]e is x s inimitably describ$1 & its excell5ce s fully ackn[l$g$1 z 9 ,holy ,writ itself4 ,a rem>kable in/ance ( x is ! fact t a prophet :o 0 set ap>t & call$ by ,god ,himself to 8 (fice1 & 0 = t purpose endu$ ) miracul\s gifts1 is expressly call$ 9 ,holy ,writ ! man ( long+s4#bg ,& yet ?is long+ is no?+ b ! s\rce1 ! fir/ root1 f :i* spr+s t triple fl[] 9 ! lovely symbol ( fai?1 hope1 & *>ity1 :i* aft]w>d1 spread+ ov] e grade & sph]e ( moral & intellectual exi/5ce1 exp&s into ! ri*e/ & mo/ manifold fruits4 ,n[1 x is v possible 9 "s s]i\s & intellectual "w to feel a pleasure 9 ?is triple union ( holy ?\ghts & s5tim5ts1 z ) any deeply-significant picture 9 g5]al1 )\t duly ent]+ ! :ile into its precise requisitions & pr(\nd mean+4 ,b f "o p>ticul> end ( a philosophy ( life1 i4e41 ( a ?or\gh k ( ! human consci\sness1 ! psy*ological aspect ( ! subject assumes a peculi> importance1 & ess5tially dem&s our att5tion4 ,) ?is view1 ,i v5ture to ass]t t ! human consci\sness1 :i* o!rwise & 9 itself is entirely a prey to discord1 & split into irreconcilable contr>ies1 is1 by fai?1 hope1 & love1 r$eem$ f ?is diss5sion--is rais$ f its innate law1 ( an err+ & dead ?\ght1 & ( an absolute w1 :i* is no less dead & null1 be+ re/or$ gradually to a p]fect /ate ( unison & h>mony4 ,"u ! influ5ce ( fai?--& by ?is t]m ,i und]/&1 n ! cold & he>tless repetition ( a cu/om>y =mul>y1 b a liv+ & p]sonal fai? 9 a liv+ & p]sonal ,god & ,savior--"u ! influ5ce ( su* a fai?1 ! liv+ _s ( tru? /eps into t place ( ! consci\sness :i* be=e 0 usurp$ by ! m]e ab/ract ?9k+ ( a degrad$ und]/&+4 ,& :5ev]1 on ! o!r h&1 a ref9$ goodness & love h 9 pati5t endurance become ! s\l ( exi/5ce1 !re is no room = ! /ormy ob/9acy or passionate wildness ( an absolute w4 ,ev5 9 ! w itself all is n[ life2 discord is bani%$ f x1 & all ! ?reat5+ elem5ts ( /rife are =ev] appeas$4 ,& 9 t tru/+ confid5ce ) :i* ! lov+ s\l leans ^u ,god--9 ! /rong godlike hope :i* takes its /& ^u ! ,et]nal1 ! reason1 ) its ord]+1 regulat+1 & me?odical processes1 & ! fancy1 ) its dreams ( ! inf9ite1 are aga9 completely reconcil$1 & !reby ! h>mony ( ! human consci\sness re/or$4 ,fancy1 ,i rem>k$ =m]ly1 is ! *>act]i/ic prop]ty ( man1 z di/+ui%$ by x f o!r spiritual intellig5ces2 = reason1 z a m]e faculty ( negation1 af=ds only a negative di/9ction ( 8 nature z comp>$ ) irrational creatures4 ,b n[1 9 a m compreh5sive view1 &1 at ! same "t1 ) pr(\nd] significance & great] tru? ( description1 we may say ( man1 9 ! same s5se & 9 ! same relation1 hope =ms 8 *>act]i/ic prop]ty & 8 inmo/ ess5ce4 ,"h1 !n1 9 ?is holy hope1 is long+1 t m>vel\s fl[] ( ! s\l1 exp&$ into its p]fect & noble/ fruit4 ,if1 9 judg+ ( ! ?ree1 man looks to ! end to :i* he is to atta9--if1 9 ?\ght1 he places himself at ?is po9t ( view1 !n assur$ly w love appe> ! highe/ & ! be/2 = hope ceases :5 fulfillm5t comes 91 & sight ent]s into ! place ( fai?1 b love abide? =ev]4#bh ,z long1 h[ev]1 z man has n yet atta9$ unto t :i* is p]fect1 & is /ill 9 pursuit ( x1 hope mu/ be reg>d$ z ! greate/1 = x is ev5 ! true vital flame ( fai?1 z well z ( love1 & ( all high] exi/5ce4 ,?is div9e hope is ev5 ! fruit-be>+ pr9ciple & ! fructification ( ! immortal s\l by ! ,holy ,_s ( ,et]nal ,tru?--! lum9\s c5t] & focus ( grace1 :]e ! d>k & discordant s\l is illum9at$ & re/or$ to unison ) itself & ) ,god4 ,,lecture ,,vi4 ,,( ,,! ,,wisdom ,,( ,,! ,,div9e ,,ord] ,,( ,,?+s ,,9 ,,nature1 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,relation ,,( ,,nature ,,to ,,! ,,o!r ,,life ,,& ,,to ,,! ,,invisible ,,_w4 ,! highe/ & l(tie/ language w\ld fail u 7 x our purpose to speak ( ! inmo/ ess5ce ( ! ,godhead1 s9ce ,he is t :i* no ?\ght or conception c compreh5d1 & :i* no words are suffici5t completely to describe or adequately to express4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 we reflect on ,god's "w 9 creation1 & ( ,8 sup]9t5d+ provid5ce :i* rules ! c\rse ( ?is e>?ly _w1 our ?\ghts c n be simple en\gh1 nor1 to judge by t pr9ciple ( ! div9e condesc5sion :i* =m$ ! nucleus ( our rem>ks 9 ! la/ ,lecture1 too famili> or affectionate4 ,9 a g5]al way ?is is commonly en\gh admitt$1 b practically x is neglect$4 ,m5 d n cle>ly pres5t to _! m9ds all t is involv$ 9 x1 & ! remote consequ5ces to :i* x leads4 ,& s1 9 spite ( _! bett] convictions1 !y ins5sibly adopt a high-s\nd+ & solemn /ra91 :5 ! tone ( a *ildlike rev]5ce is alone ! suitable & appropriate /yle = express+ ! relation betwe5 ! b5ignant ,creator & ,8 creatures1 & man especially1 z simply & z naturally z x is 9 reality4 ,i said z naturally1 because x is impli$ 9 ! v nature ( ?+s t if ,god did orig9ally create free be+s l m51 ,he w\ld give !m all ?+s ne$ful1 keep !m con/antly 9 ,8 reg>d1 & e :]e l5d !m a help+ & direct+ h&4 ,b f "t to "t ,he might1 x is n inconsi/5t to suppose1 )draw1 z x 71 ,8 guidance2 = o!rwise !y w\ld cease to be free be+s4 ,9 ?is respect ! div9e ,provid5ce may be lik5$ to a "m tea*+ h] *ild to walk4 ,hav+ *os5 a cle> spot1 free f all ?+s likely to hurt ! infant 9 its fall1 %e places x firmly on its feet4 ,= a little :ile %e holds & supports x1 & !n1 go+ back a few /eps1 %e waits = its love to set its little limbs 9 motion & to foll[ h]4 ,b h[ wat*ful is h] eye1 h[ out/ret*$ h] arms to cat* h] babe ! in/ant x beg9s to tott]6 ,su* ne>ly1 & equally simple1 is ! relation ( ,god to man2 & n to individuals only1 b also to ! :ole human race4 ,= 9 ! div9e education & high] guidance ( mank9d we may trace ! same degrees & natural gradation ( developm5ts z =m ! basis ( ! education ( individuals1 & may also be obs]v$ 9 all ! processes ( nature4 ,n[ we take x = grant$ t ,god has will$ ! creation n only ( free & pure spirits1 b also ( ! natural _w2 = t ,he has s will$ is a fact t1 z x 71 />es u 9 ! face4 ,if1 !n1 along ) ! free spirits ,he has also creat$ a nature1 i4e41 a liv+ reproductive p[]1 capable ( & design$ to develop & propagate itself1 x is pla9 t we c n & ought n to ?9k ( su* a nature z indep5d5t & self-subsi/+4 ,=1 fir/ ( all1 x _h n its beg9n+ 9 itself4 ,moreov]1 x w\ld move z a bl9d =ce1 & z su* manife/ itself only 9 de/ruction & desolation1 if its ,mak] _h n orig9ally fix$ & assign$ to x ! end t[>d :i* all its ef=ts 7 ultimately to be direct$4 ,nature1 inde$1 is n free l man2 b /ill x is n a piece ( dead clock-"w1 :i*1 :5 x is once w\nd up1 works on me*anically till x has run itself d[n aga94 ,!re is life 9 x4 ,& if a few ab/ract b sup]ficial ?9k]s h fail$ to disc]n1 or ev5 v5tur$ expressly to d5y ?is tru?1 ! g5]al feel+ ( mank9d1 on ! o!r h&1 be>s witness to x4 ,yes1 man feels t !re is life ru/l+ 9 ! tree1 z ) its _m arms & bran*es1 its leaves & fl[]s1 x moves backw>d & =w>d 9 ! free air2 & t1 z comp>$ ) ! clock1 ) all its +5i\s b dead me*anism1 x is ev5 a liv+ ?+4 ,& :at ! common feel+ ( mank9d ?us in/9ctively assumes is confirm$ by ! pr(\nd] inve/igations ( physical sci5ce4 ,?us we "k t ev5 plants sleep1 & !y1 too1 z mu* z animals1 ?\gh aft] a diff]5t sort1 h a true impregnation & propagation4 ,& is n nature1 on ! :ole1 a life-tree1 z x 71 ^: leaves & fl[]s are p]petually exp&+ !mselves & seek+ n\ri%m5t f ! balsamic air ( heav51 :ile1 z ! sap rises f ! deep-hidd5 root into ! mighty /em1 ! bran*es /ir & move1 & invisible =ces sweep to & fro 9 its wav+ cr[n4 ,mo/ %all[ & sup]ficial1 9 tru?1 is t physical sci5ce :i* w\ld consid] ! sy/em ( nature1 ) all ! m>vels ( beauty & maje/y :]e) its ,mak] has adorn$ x1 z no?+ m ?an a piece ( lifeless clock-"w4 ,9 su* a sy/em ! all-mighty ,creator mu/ appe> at be/ b a great me*anical arti/ :o has at 8 comm& inf9ite res\rces2 or1 if we may be all[$ s absurd an expression1 z ! fitte/ to expose ! absurdity ( ^? :o w\ld reg>d ! div9e "w1 bo? 9 its :ole & 9 its p>ts1 z dead1 an omnipot5t clockmak]4 ,if1 h[ev]1 to meet ! ne$s ( man's limit$ capacity1 we mu/1 :5 speak+ ( ! ,creator1 employ su* trifl+ & *ildi% similes1 !n ( all human avocations & pursuits t ( ! g>d5] w s]ve be/ to illu/rate ! div9e op]ations 9 nature4 ,all-mighty & omnisci5t1 h[ev]1 ,he has ,himself creat$ ! trees & fl[]s t ,he cultivates1 has ,himself made ! good soil 9 :i* !y gr[1 & br+s d[n f heav5 ! balmy spr+1 ! dews & ra91 & ! sun%9e t quick5 & mature !m into life & beauty4 ,if1 !n1 !re be life 9 nature1 z1 inde$1 obs]vation tea*es1 & ! g5]al feel+ ( man av\*es1 x mu/ also possess a vital developm5t1 :i* 9 its movem5ts obs]ves a uni=m c\rse & intr9sic law4 ,9 tru?1 ! ,creator has n res]v$ to himself ! beg9n+ & ! end alone1 & left ! re/ to foll[ its own c\rse2 b 9 ! middle1 & at e po9t1 also1 ( its progress1 ! ,omnipot5t ,w c int]v5e at pleasure4 ,if ,he pleases ,he c in/antane\sly /op ?is vital developm5t1 & sudd5ly make ! c\rse ( nature /& /ill2 or1 9 a mom5t1 give life & movem5t to :at be=e /ood motionless & inanimate4 ,g5]ally speak+1 x is 9 ! div9e p[] to susp5d ! laws ( nature1 to int]f]e directly ) !m1 &1 z x 71 to int]calate among !m "s high] & imm$iate op]ation ( ,8 p[]1 z an exception to _! uni=m developm5t4 ,=1 z 9 ! social frame ( civil life1 ! au?or & giv] ( ! laws may occasionally set !m aside1 or1 9 _! adm9i/ration1 all[ c]ta9 special cases ( exception1 ev5 s is x1 also1 ) nature's ,lawgiv]4 ,n[1 ?is imm$iate op]ation1 & occasional int]f]5ce ( ,supreme ,p[] ) ! ord] ( nature1 is exactly :at con/itutes ! idea ( miracle4 ,! g5]al possibility ( miracles is a pr9ciple :i* man's s\nd & unsophi/icat$ reason has nev] all[$ him to d5y4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 x is evid5tly ess5tial to _! v idea t !y %\ld be ?\ght ( simply z deviations f ! usual c\rse ( nature's op]ations2 if !y 7 n exceptions to ! laws ( nature1 !n 7 !y no miracles4 ,su* miracul\s exceptions1 h[ev]1 x may be obs]v$1 ne$ n inv>iably to be contr>y to ! c\rse ( nature1 ?\gh above nature1 & f> transc5d+ its ord9>y /&>d1 !y always are4 ,exceptions1 !re=e1 !y are2 b su*1 at ! same "t1 z d n p]man5tly di/urb ! natural c\rse & fl[ ( ! vital developm5t1 :i*1 on ! :ole1 cont9ues un*ang$4 ,= x is only agreeable ) ,creative wisdom to ma9ta9 ! _w s long z ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s subsi/s1 & ! f9al consummation has n yet arriv$1 9 ! ord] orig9ally prescrib$ to x by ,8 omnipot5ce4 ,to ?is an objection might be made 9 ! opposite s5se4 ,tak5 !n 9 _! pr9ciple1 ! laws ( nature1 no less ?an ^? exceptions to !m :i* are usually call$ miracles1 are "o & ! same2 !y are alike f ! ,creator ( all--& ! laws !mselves1 !re=e1 are equally miracul\s4 ,?is rem>k is q true2 b x only tea*es u t we ought n to be too ready to see a miracle 9 e extraord9>y ev5t4 ,b /ill1 !re w ev] rema9 an ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 an imm$iate op]ation ( omnipot5ce & ! ,creator's orig9al production ( a liv+ =ce1 implant+ 9 ?is creature an inn] law1 & !reupon leav+ to x ! fur!r evolution ( its p[]s 9 ! c\rse m>k$ out = & assign$ to x4 ,n[1 if su* a creature1 l ?is t]re/rial nature1 be ( a mix$ con/itution1 compos$ ( a pr9ciple ( de/ruction z well z ( a pr9ciple ( productive developm5t & progression--if its life be a con/ant /ruggle ) dea?1 !n x is manife/ t only by ! same h& :i* fir/ =m$ x1 gave x laws1 & prescrib$ its ord]1 c its wise & div9e economy be pres]v$1 & ! p]man5ce ( ! organic evolution ( its :ole sy/em be secur$1 & ! outbur/s ( elem5t>y dissolution1 :i* are p]petually m5ac+ x1 held 9 *eck & av]t$4 ,if ?is re/ra9t be once relax$1 if ! de/ructive en]gy ( ! wild elem5ts be once let loose1 & free scope giv5 to _! fury--& ?is globe pres5ts ! manife/ traces ( "o su* cata/rophe1 at lea/--!n ?is1 too1 mu/ be reg>d$ z an exception1 & is only explicable by ! high] pr9ciple ( div9e p]mission4 ,view$1 h[ev]1 z ! retribution ( div9e ju/ice on a guilty _w1 x =ms an exception & a miracle ( a peculi> k9d1 & mu/ be di/+ui%$ f ^? o!r extraord9>y op]ations prop]ly call$ miracles1 :]e91 ) "s sav+ or quick5+ purpose1 ! ,almighty1 z x 71 raises nature above h]self1 & takes h] out ( h] usual c\rse4 ,9 ?is way1 !n1 we ought unque/ionably to ref] e ?+ 9 ! _w to its au?or & pres]v]1 :e!r x be con=mable to ! usual c\rse & ord] ( nature1 or1 z an extraord9>y ph5om5on1 bespeak a high] & m imm$iate op]ation ( div9ity4 ,b1 at ! same "t1 we mu/ nev] =get t nature itself is a liv+ =ce end[$ ) a capacity ( self-developm5t4 ,nature1 inde$1 is n free 9 ! same s5se t man is1 possess$ & consci\s ( a p[] ( self-det]m9ation & *oice2 b z all life conta9s 9 itself ! g]m ( a free movem5t & expansion1 & :ile x exp&s itself a hidd5 & slumb]+ consci\sness beg9s to /ir & awake1 s also 9 nature1 an initiatory or prep>atory grade ( x1 if n fully out-spok51 is at lea/ indicat$4 ,9 ?is respect x may be reg>d$ z ! ve/ibule ( t temple ( fre$om :i* 9 man1 ! cr[n+ "w ( ?is e>?ly creation1 & made aft] ! div9e image & lik5ess1 /&s =? 9 its full dim5sions & proportions4 ,consid]$ f ano!r po9t ( view1 ! s5sible _w may be look$ ^u z a veil ?r[n ov] ! spiritual _w--! light-fl[+ & almo/ transp>5t robe1 &1 z x 71 9 all its p>ts ! significant co/ume ( ! invisible p[]s4 ,b 9 no po9t ( view c we rightly consid] nature z prop]ly self-subsi/+1 or indep5d5t ( its ,creator1 &1 !re=e1 9 no case z isolat$ by itself & ap>t f all ref]5ce to a sup]ior be+4 ,r is x a liv+ =ce1 & "o1 too1 d\bly significant1 bo? f )9 & f )\t2 to :i* prop]ty an allusion is conta9$ 9 ! simile already employ$1 ( a book writt5 bo? on ! inside & ! outside4 ,^! two ideas1 !n1 ( ! free w ( man & ( ! liv+ developm5t ( nature1 mu/ be tak5 z ! basis1 & s]ve z ! fix$ po9t ( e attempt to asc]ta9 ! div9e ord] 9 nature4 ,on ?is acc\nt we h plac$ !m 9 ! =egr\nd ( ! pres5t ,lecture1 :i* w1 9 ! ma91 be consecrat$ to su* an inve/igation4 ,if1 n[1 ?is demon/ration ( a div9e ord] 9 nature seem to conta9 no?+ less ?an a k9d ( ,!odice#bi 7s f> z man c e/abli% a ju/ification ( ,god's ways71 ,i1 = my "p1 mu/ confess t ,i w\ld mu* r h be=e my eyes a ,!odice = ! feel+s1 conceiv$ 9 ! v _s ( love1 ?an any purely rational !ory4 ,= su* !ories1 f\nd$ 9 g5]al on f>-fet*$ hypo!ses1 subtilly introduce into nature numb]less div9e purposes & designs1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 we are able nei!r cle>ly to und]/&1 mu* less to prove t !y 7 int5d$ by ! ev]la/+ c\nsels1 or ev5 t su* ve/iges ( a div9e purpose are really disc]nible 9 ! univ]se4 ,9 ?is prov9ce ( speculation we mu/ n be too rigor\s 9 our det]m9ations1 & especially we mu/ gu>d aga9/ sy/ematiz+4 ,b1 above all1 we c n be too wat*ful aga9/ ! fault :i* s _m reason]s fall into1 ( transf]r+ into ! realm ( nature1 or ( ,god1 t logical necess>y connection :i* is a "p ( & connatural ) our rational con/itution1 & an indisp5sable aid to our limit$ intellectual p[]s4 ,su* a way ( ?9k+ w\ld inevitably lead u to t mo/ mi/ak5 notion ( a bl9d fate--! phantom ( de/9y4 ,on ! o!r h&1 h[ _m are ! que/ion+ feel+s & p]plexities :i* arise 9 ! human he>t at ! sight ( c]ta9 natural objects4 ,& ^! ev51 because !y are f> f am\nt+ to d\bts & objections1 or at lea/ f assum+ a def9ite expression or a sci5tific dignity1 seem1 on t acc\nt1 only ! m l\dly to dem& an answ]4 ,! m\rnful cry ( "s helpless & innoc5t animal :5 kill$ by man--or 9 a diff]5t category--! hiss+ ( ! v5om\s s]p5t2 ! lo?some mass ( maggots 9 ! putrid corpse3 all ^! are b s _m dumb exclamations :i*1 z x 71 d b keep back ! "q1 ,are1 !n1 ^! ! productions ( ! all-p]fect ,be+--( ! ,supreme ,intellig5ce8 ,! suff]+s ( animals are inde$ a !me = man to reflect ^u2 & ,i1 = my "p1 c n concur ) him :o w\ld reg>d ?is z a topic unwor?y ( 8 ?\ghts1 & expel f ! human bosom all sympa?y ) ! animal creation4 ,! consid]ation1 h[ev]1 ( ?is subject1 naturally en\gh gives rise to ! "q z to ! s\l ( animals4 ,n[1 x c]ta9ly w\ld d no discr$it to philosophy1 if x %\ld succe$ 9 giv+ a satisfactory answ] to ?is "q1 & enable u to foll[ a middle c\rse2 z remote f ! exagg]at$ assumptions ( anci5t nations ) reg>d to animal exi/5ce1 on ! "o h&1 z on ! o!r1 f ! unfeel+ conclusions ( mod]n sci5ce1 :i* refuses to reg>d or to sympa?ize ) any pa9s1 & absolutely is unable to conceive ! suff]+s ( any be+ :i* does n possess ! "* ( rationality exactly 9 ! same mann] & degree z man4 ,z greatly1 on ! o!r side1 does ! ,h9doo !ology err4 ,its dogma ( ! metempsy*osis n only ascribes an immortal s\l to animals1 b x also fur!r tea*es t human s\ls are imprison$ 9 animal bodies1 z ! p5alty ( a guilt incurr$ 9 a previ\s /ate ( exi/5ce4 ,beautiful1 h[ev]1 z is ! compassionate sympa?y ) ! suff]+s ( ! brute creation1 :i* ?is !ory has occasion$1 & confirm$ by ! sanction ( a religi\s duty1 /ill ! assumption on :i* x is f\nd$ is :olly arbitr>y1 & ! ext5sion ( ! immortality ( ! s\l to ^! creatures ( our globe is an unw>rantable exagg]ation1 & has no f\ndation 9 obs]v$ ph5om5a4 ,moreov]1 ! hypo!sis ( su* a migratory /ate ( dep>t$ s\ls is inconsi/5t ) e notion ( ! div9e gov]nm5t ( ! _w2 inasmu* z su* a tempor>y puni%m5t c produce no salut>y effect1 ei!r ( purification or ( prep>ation1 & consequ5tly w\ld be :olly motiveless & absurd4 ,v que/ionable1 moreov]1 does x seem1 :e!r1 ) propriety1 an individual s\l c be attribut$ to animals4 ,) ^? t are mo/ closely dome/icat$ ) man1 !re does und\bt$ly arise1 z x 71 by a sort ( m5tal contagion1 ! appe>ance ( individuality & diff]5ce ( "*1 j z ! arti/ic /ructures ( c]ta9 species =m a k9d ( analogy to human reason1 & z ! melodi\s intonations & feel+s ( "s o!rs seem$ to me entitl$1 9 a simil> s5se1 to be t]m$ rev]b]ations ( fancy4 ,9 all ^? k9ds1 h[ev]1 :i* rema9 undi/urb$ 9 _! natural /ate1 ! :ole species possesses ! same "*1 & h1 consequ5tly1 ! same common s\l4#cj ,! species itself is only an individual2 &1 consequ5tly1 ! sev]al species mu/ be consid]$ z s _m liv+ =ms ( ! g5]al organic =ce ( animat$ nature1 s9ce an immortality ( individual s\ls c1 9 ! case ( animals1 nei!r be assum$ nor all[$ to be assumable4 ,among ^? p]plexities1 or1 z ,i t]m$ !m1 que/ion+ feel+s ab\t nature & its animat+ pr9ciple1 ,i turn n[ to ! consid]ation ( ! la/ in/ance1 t ( ! maggots ( putrefaction4 ,is n ?is "o ( ! cle>e/ possible pro(s t all nature is animat$8#ca ,s mu* s1 & s em95tly is ?is ! case1 t ev5 9 dea? & corruption1 9 f\lness & disease1 x /ill liv+ly op]ates & produces life--! l[e/ grade1 und\bt$ly1 ( life--or1 if any s pref]s to call x1 a false life--b /ill a life4 ,n[1 c su* morbid productions ( nature1 ! worms1 e4g4 entozoa1 :i* 9 c]ta9 diseases are eng5d]$ 9 ! b[els1 be reg>d$ z real creatures8 ,naught are !y b ! dissolv+ & crumbl+ matt] ( life1 :i* ev5 9 dissolution is /ill liv+4#cb ,& ?is fact is n conf9$ m]ely to organic corruption & disease4 ,ev5 ! elem5t--! fre% wat] f ! spr+--is full ( life1 & x is ! m s ! cle>] & ! bett] x is & ! pur] f ! microscopic animalcul1 :i* sw>m 9 x m & m ! long] x /agnates & becomes f\l1 until at la/1 z frequ5tly happ5s :5 x has be5 kept long on %ipbo>d1 ) ! gr[+ f\lness ( ! wat] !y increase 9 size1 & swim ab\t z worms ( visible magnitude4 ,_m o!r in/ances might be adduc$ 9 pro( ( ?is orig9ation ( worms & v]m9 out ( corruption1 & te/ify+ to x z a g5]al pr9ciple ( nature4 ,& are n ^? sw>ms ( locu/s :i* 9 ,asiatic c\ntries are a g5]al plague ( ! l&s ov] :i* !y sweep ) _! ?ick & d>k migratory hordes1 a sickly pro( t ! atmosph]e t has eng5d]$ !m is pass+1 or has already fall5 into corruption b5ea? ! influ5ce ( "s o!r contagi\s elem5t8 ,t ! air & atmosph]e ( our globe is 9 ! highe/ degree full ( life1 ,i may1 ,i ?9k1 take "h = grant$ & g5]ally admitt$4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ( a mix$ k9d & quality1 comb9+ ! refre%+ & balsamic brea? ( spr+ ) ! p>*+ simoons ( ! des]t1 & :]e ! heal?y odors fluctuate 9 *aotic /ruggle ) ! mo/ deadly vapors4 ,:at else1 9 g5]al1 is ! wide-spread & spread+ pe/il5ce1 b a liv+ propagation ( f\lness1 corruption1 & dea?8 ,are n _m poisons1 especially animal poisons1 9 a true s5se1 liv+ =ces8 ,n[1 may we n give a fur!r ext5sion to ?is mode ( view1 & apply ! fact ( a diseas$ propagation ( a false life1 z 9 ! worms ( putrefaction1 to o!r unsightly productions ( nature4 ,may we n1 = in/ance1 consid] s]p5ts & snakes z ! entozoa or inte/9al worms ( ! e>?8 ,t ! evil spirits are n )\t "s influ5ce on our t]re/rial habitation1 & t 9 _m places _! malignant influ5ce is di/9ctly traceable is1 at all ev5ts1 und5iable4 ,& accord+ly1 "s h suppos$ ! monkey tribe n to be an orig9al creation ( ! ,deity1 b a satanic device & malici\s p>ody ^u man1 z ! envi$ favorite ( ,god4 ,t ! 8,pr9ce ( ?is _w0--:i* expression1 9 its latt] half1 is surely n to be und]/ood exclusively ( man's fall5 race1 b v evid5tly & expressively alludes to ! exi/+ fabric ( nature & ! corrupt$ _w ( s5se--t ! ,pr9ce ( ?is _w c ex]cise a c]ta9 degree ( p]nici\s influ5ce on ! productive en]gies ( ! natural sy/em 9 its pres5t corrupt & vitiat$ condition1 & t also1 !re is 9 nature itself a p[] to produce evil1 are facts :i* d n admit ( d5ial1 & are n[ays inconsi/5t ) revelation4 ,only we mu/ n suppose t ?is baneful influ5ce is n conf9$ )9 c]ta9 limits4 ,he to :om ! ,pr9ce ( ?is _w1 no less ?an ! _w itself1 is subject1 has1 9 ,8 inf9ite wisdom1 set a def9ite limit bo? ( quantity & duration to ?is p]nici\s influ5ce1 z1 9 g5]al1 ,he does to e p]mission ( evil4 ,at all ev5ts we mu/ n = "o mom5t suppose t 9 ! book ( nature we h a pure & uncorrupt text ( ,god1 & su* z x orig9ally came f ! h&s ( its ,au?or4 ,x is ( ! highe/ consequ5ce1 = a due & "r appreciation ( ! div9e economy 9 nature1 t we give full consid]ation to ?is fact4 ,on ?is acc\nt x is important to keep 9 m9d ! di/9ction impli$ 9 t expression already quot$ f ! ,mosaic hi/ory--8,let ! e>? br+ =?40 ,=1 accord+ to ?is1 x does n seem indisp5sably necess>y to ascribe imm$iately to ! good & wise ,creator e ?+ t ! e>? br\ght =?2 no1 nor e ?+ t is produc$ by a nature n[ s imp]fect--s diseas$1 too1 9 _m p>ts--& visibly con/ra9$ to submit to ho/ile & =eign influ5ces4 ,_m writ]s :o1 ) ! be/ int5tions1 und]take ! task ( indicat+ ! div9e wisdom 9 ! exi/+ ord] ( ?+s1 & ( def5d+ ! ways ( ,provid5ce aga9/ ! objections ( human presumption & conceit1 g5]ally err by tak+ too n>r[ a view ( _! subject1 & rigor\sly insi/+ on "s "o g5]al pr9ciple1 :i*1 by means ( v haz>d\s ass]tions1 !y succe$ 9 f9d+ 9 ! :ole & e "p ( ! sy/em ( ! univ]se4 ,!y leave out ( sight altoge!r t ,mosaic di/9ction already allud$ to1 :i* 9 appe>ance inde$ is trifl+ en\gh1 b yet 9 reality mo/ ess5tially important4 ,consequ5tly1 ! good "w :i* !y take 9 h&1 in/ead ( produc+ t g5]al concurr5ce & conviction t x o!rwise might1 gives rise r to fre% d\bts & objections4 ,! be/ solution ( all su* d\bts--! mo/ satisfactory answ] to all su* or simil> que/ions or que/ion+ feel+s--lies 9 ! f9al cause ( ! pres5t con/itution ( ?+s1 consid]$ z a :ole & 9 g5]al1 & judg$ ( f a reg>d to its triple "* & triple de/9ation4 ,n[1 accord+ to ?is triple pr9ciple1 we h1 z already %[n1 to reg>d ! pres5t sy/em ( nature z be+ prim>ily a tomb/one rais$ by ,almighty b5evol5ce--a bridge ( safety ?r[n across ! gulf ( et]nal dea?--a bridge1 h[ev]1 :i* we mu/ n ?9k ( z q s simple1 broad1 & /raight z a bridge made by human h&s1 b an animat$ & ens\l$ bridge ( life1 & multi=m1 ) _m arms & bran*es1 & pres5t+ 9 "s p>ts no?+ m ?an a n>r[ foot+1 :]e ! fir/ false /op precipitates into ! abyss b5ea?4 ,b second>ily1 accord+ to ?is view1 nature is gr\nd$ on & devot$ to progress2 a wond]ful laboratory ( manifold1 div]sifi$1 & univ]sal reproduction2 & la/ly1 a glori\s scale ( resurrection1 asc5d+ up to ! la/ & highe/ summit ( t]re/rial transfiguration4 ,n[ ?is laboratory lies 9 ! hidd5 womb ( nature1 :ile 9 ! noble outw>d /ructure ( its organic =mations ?is gradational scale manife/s itself ) a w>n+1 a progno/ication ( ! height ( excell5ce to :i* x ev5tually leads4 ,b n[1 if nature--z1 judg+ f its orig9al design1 we may & mu/ assume--7 a ,p>adise = ! bless$ spirits ( ! previ\s creation1 = ! fir/-born sons ( light1 !n mo/ assur$ly has x n cont9u$ s1 any m ?an ! fir/ man has rema9$ 9 ! g>d5 ( ,ed54 ,no d\bt1 ov] a few favor$ spots ( ! exi/+ globe1 a ri* fullness ( ravi%+ beauty /ill hov]s1 awak5+ 9 ! he>t1 z x 71 ! fleet+ images ( ,p>adisaical innoc5ce--dy+ /ra9s ( a primal h>mony--m\rnful rem9isc5ces ( ! happy infancy ( creation4 ,= ! p[]s ( d>kness & ho/ile spirits broke 9 ^u ! fair beauty ( primeval nature1 & laid x wa/e & wild4 ,! g>d5 ( ! e>? 9 :i* ! fir/ man 0 plac$1 8to dress x & to keep x10 is1 no d\bt1 call$ ,p>adise2 & assur$ly x 0 inf9itely m beautiful1 m wond]ful1 pur]1 & full] ( life1 ?an ! lovelie/ sc5]y :i* meets ! eye 9 ! faire/ spots ( ! e>?1 & seems to be ( an almo/ cele/ial beauty4 ,b ?is is said only ( ! imm$iate inclosure1 ! imm$iate habitation ( our fir/ p>5t2 ! spot *os5 & bless$ by ,god--! g>d5 wat]$ & surr\nd$ by ! f\r /reams4 ,all ! re/ ( nature1 ! :ole ( ! _w besides1 mu/ h ceas$ at t "t to be a ,p>adise2 =1 o!rwise1 :5ce c\ld ! s]p5t h come8 ,s t ev5 accord+ to ! simple s5se ( ! expression1 8t old s]p5t10 he 0 already !re1 9 ! mid/ ( ! natural _w4 ,& 0 x n probably a "p ( ! de/9ation ( man--at lea/1 9 its natural aspect--t1 sett+ out f ?is div9e />t+-po9t ( a ,p>adise prep>$ = & giv5 to him1 he 0 to g =? & conv]t ! re/ ( ! _w into a simil> ,ed58 ,b ?is de/9ation he did n1 h[ev]1 fulfill1 & consequ5tly lo/ ev5 ?is beg9n+ & model ( ! fir/ ,p>adise4 ,! names ( ! f\r /reams :i* wat]$ x are inde$ /ill pres]v$ 9 ^? regions ( ,asia1 :i* ev5 to ?is day are ! ri*e/ & mo/ fruitful1 &1 accord+ to hi/ory1 7 ! e>lie/ inhabit$4 ,b ! "o s\rce out ( :i* !y all took _! rise has disappe>$1 & no ve/ige ( x rema9s4 ,) ! loss ( ,p>adise all is *ang$1 n only 9 man himself1 b 9 ! e>? z 8 place ( abode4 ,! way ( return out ( ?is bewild]$ nature1 or1 if m5 pref] s to speak1 out ( ?is sunk & degrad$1 n to say uns\nd & sickly1 /ate ( ! e>?ly & s5sible _w 7& ?is way ( return is ev5 ! way ( ob$i5ce to ! c\rse ( ! div9e ord] 9 nature71 is indicat$ ev5 by ^! ?ree grades ( its inmo/ "*1 its t5d5cy1 & ultimate de/9ation4 ,& 9 ^!1 & 9 ! f9al cause ( ! :ole con/itution ( ?+s1 is conta9$ its true key & int]pretation1 z well z ! answ] to s _m que/ions ab\t nature1 :i* engage n m]ely ! curi\s intellect ( man1 b also attract ! sympa?ies ( 8 s\l1 sweep+ across x ei!r ) d>k d\bts & fe>s1 or ) bright intimations ( life & glori\s anticipation4 ,i spoke delib]ately :5 ,i said to _m ( ^! que/ion+ feel+s & p]plexities ( ! human m9d1 & n all ( !m4 ,= to expect a satisfactory answ] to !m all 9 ! pres5t /ate ( sci5ce1 or g5]ally 9 ?is t]re/rial life1 brief z x is1 & limit$ on all sides & %ort-sight$1 w\ld be agreeable nei!r ) ! c\rse nor :ole con/itution ( human affairs4 ,a ?or\ghly complete & p]fectly sy/ematic demon/ration ( ! wisdom 9 ! div9e ord] ( nature1 :i* %\ld meet & expla9 e difficulty1 w\ld1 ev5 on acc\nt ( su* a pret5sion1 comm& little respect1 & be ( slight influ5ce4 ,mu* is !re 9 nature :i* is to rema9 long hidd5 f man2 mu*1 too1 :i* we %all see fir/ ( all 9 ! o!r _w1 :5 dea? %all h op5$ our eyes & made u cle>-sight$ 9 "o direction or ano!r4 ,b ! beg9n+ & ! end are ev5 "h & n[ plac$ cle>ly & intelligibly be=e u1 if only we are ready & will+ to walk by ! light t is s graci\sly giv5 u1 & "h1 z else:]e1 inv>iably to ref] ! fir/ cause & ! f9al consummation to ! ,creator & to ,god4 ,)\t su* a ref]5ce1 )\t ?us1 z x 71 plac+ its two poles 9 ,god1 ! "r und]/&+ ( nature is absolutely impossible1 & e sci5tific attempt to atta9 x ap>t f & indep5d5tly ( ,god1 mu/ simply z su* prove va9 & involve itself 9 absurdities4 ,h5ce x is1 h[ev] p>adoxical x may s\nd1 t we c recognize m di/9ctly1 & bett] und]/& ! end ( nature1 its mean+ & significance z a :ole1 ?an we c ! f9al cause ( _m a s+le object 9 x1 :i*1 h[ev]1 z contra/$ ) ! :ole1 appe>s inconsid]able & trifl+4 ,= ! cle> p]ception t we h ( ! f9al cause ( nature comes imm$iately f ! div9e illum9ation1 :i* !re=e we c1 s f> z x is giv5 to u1 see & und]/&4 ,b 9 ! d>k] levels1 9 ! subt]ranean %aft ( ! obscure s5sible _w1 ! prophetic c&le ( an antlike burr[+ sci5ce1 ev5 ?\gh x be orig9ally k9dl$ at t high] light1 c n rea* to e qu>t]1 c n illum9ate e object 9 ?is m9e ( d>kness4 ,b ?is f9al cause ( creation1 su* z x is giv5 to u cle>ly & intelligibly1 w be r5d]$ mo/ cle> by a comp>ison & contra/ ) ! conceptions ( ! end ( nature :i* human reason has put =?4 ,if ! proposition already quot$ f "o ( ! late/ ( ,g]man philosoph]s1 t ! ess5ce ( m9d consi/s 9 ! negation ( ! opposite1 be n[ appli$ 7:i* 0 ! application ,i !n _h 9 my m9d7 to ! ,creator ( ! _w & uncreat$ ,intellig5ce1 !n ! foll[+ mu/ be ! mean+ involv$ 9 x4 ,t :i* is ! opposite ( ,god or ! ,creator is no?+2 & s f> ! proposition is q true1 s9ce man c n b admit t ! ,almighty has creat$ ! _w out ( no?+4 ,= if1 ) "s ( ! anci5t philosoph]s1 we 7 to suppose a matt] exi/+ f all et]nity1 out ( :i* ,god did n s mu* create z =m ! _w1 !n 9 ?is case we %\ld h two ,gods1 & bo? imp]fect & f9ite1 in/ead ( ! "o all-p]fect & self-suffici5t ,be+4 ,b if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! ,deity be reg>d$ z m]ely a n-no?+2 if ! f9al cause ( creation be simply ! negation ( naught1 !n w\ld su* a view ascribe a sort ( imag9>y reality to ! no?+1 & x w\ld seem t ! _w 0 creat$ solely 9 ord] to get rid ( ! no?+1 :i* comes pretty mu* to ! same z say+--if we may all[ ourselves s ,less+-l a boldness ( expression--! ,inf9ite made ! _w out ( ennui4 ,?us1 9 e case d ! skeptical views & empty negations ( idealism lead to a contradictory no?+4 ,b1 9 reality & tru?1 x 0 out ( love t ,god made ! worlds2 &1 inde$1 out ( a sup]abundant love4 ,?is we may well v5ture to ass]t1 & ev5 to call x a fact2 & t ! div9e love is also ! f9al cause1 z well z ! beg9n+ ( creation4 ,a sup]abundance ( love 9 ,god we mu/1 h[ev]1 call ! f9al cause-gr\nd ( creation1 inasmu* z ,he /ood 9 no ne$ ( x2 no ne$ ( ! love ( ! creature1 nor absolutely ( ! _w itself1 or creat$ ?+s4 ,= 9 ,8 inmo/ ess5ce1 :]e "o dep? ( et]nal love responds fully & et]nally to ! o!r1 ,he 0 p]fectly suffici5t = himself4 ,& yet x is ev5 s3 !re is 9 ,god ! sup]abundance ( love1 = ,he has creat$ ! worlds1 & x is ! div9e w to be lov$ by ,8 creatures4 ,= ?is end & purpose has ,he creat$ !m2 & because ,he w\ld h _! love1 ,he has creat$ !m free1 & giv5 bo? to ! pure spirits & to m5 a free w4 ,! :ole secret 9 ! relation subsi/+ betwe5 ! creature1 & man especially1 & ! ,creator1 lies ev5 9 ?is great fact1 t ,he has creat$ !m out ( love1 & requires 9 return ! s]vice ( _! love4 ,!re is1 p]haps1 some?+ awful 9 ?is requisition1 & 9 ! relation ?us f\nd to subsi/ betwe5 a weak & imp]fect creature & ! inf9ite & omnipot5t ,be+4 ,b x is ev5 s3 we are really free1 & are really requir$ by ,god to give him our love4 ,b n[ a f9ite & creat$ be+ c only be free s f> z ,god leaves him free2 & ?is is only conceivable 9 ! light ,i h already set x 9 by ! simile ( a fond "m tea*+ h] babe to walk1 & 9 ord] to tempt x to make ! fir/ essay ) its little limbs1 /epp+ back f x a few /eps1 & leav+ x a mom5t to itself4 ,no creature c\ld be free did n ,god1 9 a simil> way1 leave x to itself1 &1 aft] ! fir/ impulse ( creation1 )hold f x ,8 controll+ en]gy4 ,b if ,he did n d s--7 ,he1 on ! contr>y1 to act ^u ,8 creatures )\t res]ve1 & ) ! :ole inf9ite ext5t ( 8 might--!n ! lib]ty ( ! latt]1 ov]:elm$ 9 ,8 omnipot5ce1 mu/ be de/roy$1 z be+ only possible ?r\gh ! spontane\s limitation ( ! div9e p[]1 :i* results f ! sup]abundance ( creative love4 ,n[ we c1 x is true1 di/+ui% 9 ! ess5ce or en]gy ( ,god1 betwe5 ,8 intellig5ce & ,8 w--,8 omnisci5ce & ,8 omnipot5ce2 b !y c n be absolutely sep>at$ f & oppos$ to ea* o!r1 = 9 ,him & 9 ,8 op]ations1 !y1 z inde$ all else 9 ,him1 are "o4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 be no?+ b a fooli% & unmean+ subtlety to dem&1 8,:y1 !n1 has ! ,omnisci5t creat$ rational be+s1 ( :om ,he mu/ assur$ly h kn[n be=eh& t !y w\ld fall & p]i%80 ,= x is b a logical illusion1 :5 we transf] f ! human to ! div9e m9d a =m ( ?\ght fluctuat+ betwe5 ! conceivably possible & ! app>5tly necess>y4 ,man's fre$om und\bt$ly consi/s 9 ! *oice betwe5 "o possibility & ano!r1 or 9 t indef9ite possibility :i* subsi/s half way betwe5 "o necessity & ano!r4 ,b ,god's fre$om is n z man's3 9 ,him !re is nei!r cont+5t possibility nor unconditional necessity4 ,all 9 ,him is truly actual1 liv+1 & positive4 ,8 fre$om lies ev5 9 ! sup]abundance ( ,8 ess5ce--! fact1 viz41 t ,he is n b\nd by any law ( necessity to rema9 cont5t$ ) ?is ,8 own int]nal fullness4 ,= o!rwise ,he 7 a ,fate r ?an a free ,god1 & to t conclusion ! doctr9e ( ! ,/oics consi/5tly en\gh arriv$ at la/4 ,extremely difficult mu/ x ev] be1 9 su* a sy/em & ) su* a conception ( an intr9sically necess>y ,god1 & "o b\nd by ?is necessity1 consi/5tly to acc\nt = ! creation ( ! _w1 :i*1 9 appe>ance1 is s irreconcilable ) ! idea ( ! self-suffici5cy ( ! div9e ,be+4 ,on ?is acc\nt "s ( ! simil>ly rationaliz+ sy/ems ( anci5t times _h rec\rse to ! +5i\s device ( ascrib+ ! "w ( creation to a spiritual be+ ( an inf]ior ord]1 & degrad+ ?is second>y deity f> bel[ ! inf9ite p]fections ( ! supreme & all-suffici5t ,god4 ,b by ?is exp$i5t m5 did b fall1 z is1 alas6 b too commonly ! case1 f "o error into ano!r /ill great] & ev5 m mon/r\s4 ,x is1 9 %ort1 no?+ b a m]e logical delusion & an illegitimate transf]5ce f our limit$ faculty ( ?\ght to ! div9e intellig5ce1 :i* gives rise to ^! p]nici\s doctr9es ( an absolute & unconditional pr$e/9ation1 :i* fundam5tally am\nt & br+ u back to a bl9d & hea!ni% fatalism4 ,?us mu*1 z connect$ ) our subject1 w be suffici5t on ! difficult subject bo? ( ! fre$om ( ! pure creat$ spirits & also ( man's w1 z reg>d$ solely f its philosophical aspect1 & )\t any ref]5ce to ! moral !ory1 & solely 9 relation to ! sy/em ( ! univ]se4 ,difficult1 h[ev]1 is ?is subject1 m]ely on "o acc\nt4 ,! logical illusion1 f :i* spr+s all error1 /rife1 & confusion1 & :i* we are too apt to transf] to ! div9e m9d1 is s f> innate 9 ! v =m ( man's f9ite intellect1 ?an ev5 :5 we h recogniz$ x = :at x really is2 yet1 s long z we conf9e ourselves to m]e logical reason+1 & are s$uc$ by its seem+ rigor ( consequ5ce1 we are ev] ready to fall anew into ?is dang]\s error )\t ev5 rem>k+ x4 ,9 ! same way1 n[1 t ! exi/5ce ( free be+s foll[s naturally f ! love ( ,god1 z ! f9al cause ( creation1 s1 on ! o!r h&1 ! p]mission ( moral evil is a m]e result ( t fre$om 9 & ?r\gh :i* ^! creat$ be+s h to run _! appo9t$ "t4 ,= ?is fre$om1 z consid]$ ) a ref]5ce to ,god & futurity1 or to ! immortality ( ! s\l1 is no?+ else ?an ! "t ( trial & ! /ate ( probation itself4 ,b1 p]haps x w be ask$1 8,:y1 !n1 does n ,god1 by "o nod ( retributive ju/ice1 by "o brea? ( ,8 omnipot5ce1 annihilate =ev]1 z ,he s easily might1 ! :ole company ( evil & rebelli\s spirits1 toge!r ) _! lead]1 ! ,pr9ce ( ?is _w1 & s purify ! :ole visible creation1 & release ext]nal nature f _! desolat+ influ5ce80 ,to ?is ! answ] is simple & at h&4 ,man is plac$ 9 ?is _w on 8 trial & = a /ruggle ) evil1 & ?is w>f>e is n yet end$4 ,b by su* an annihilation ( evil1 ! liv+ developm5t ( nature w\ld be precipitat$ 9 t c\rse :i* ,god orig9ally design$ x to advance ?r\gh1 & cut %ort be=e ! appo9t$ "t ( f9al purification1 :51 accord+ to ,8 promise1 ,he w1 z ,holy ,writ expresses x1 create new heav5s & a new e>?1 & make p]fect ! :ole creation4#cc ,man is free1 b utt]ly unripe z yet2 & ?or\ghly incomplete also is nature1 or ! s5sible _w1 & mat]ial creation2 consequ5tly1 ! immortality ( ! s\l is ! corn]-/one & key = und]/&+ ! :ole4 ,= ! m]e beg9n+ ( creation is p]fectly un9telligible s long z we d n take into consid]ation ! o!r extreme or end--its f9al completion & ultimate consummation4 ,j z ! half ( human life on ?is side ! grave c n be und]/ood unless we contemplate1 at ! same "t ) x1 its second half on ! o!r side ( ! tomb1 z its complem5t1 & z a necess>y elem5t t[>d ! elucidation ( ! :ole4 ,z1 !n1 ! p]mission ( evil f9ds a satisfactory explanation 9 man's probation>y /ate1 & 9 ,god's love1 z ! f9al cause ( ! creation1 s also ! physical evils & suff]+s to :i* ! free be+ is liable are fully acc\nt$ = on t pr9ciple4 ,?is is ! key ( ! enigma ( _! exi/5ce4 ,none ( ! suff]+s ( ! free be+1 on ei!r side ( ! grave1 are unpr(itable & )\t a motive4 ,!y all s]ve1 ei!r 9 ?is prep>atory /ate ( e>?ly exi/5ce1 = probation1 = discipl9e1 or = confirmation1 or else1 aft] x1 = ! p]fect heal+ ( ! s\l1 & its purification f all ! rema9+ dross & ta9ts ( e>?4#cd ,sc>cely ev] c ! diseas$ matt] be got rid ( & expell$ f ! organic body ) out a /ruggle1 & v seldom )\t pa94 ,gold is purifi$ by ! fire1 & pa9 is ! fi]y purification ( ! body4 ,?is belief is "o :i* ought lea/ ( all to h be5 call$ into "q1 inasmu* z x is only consonant to ! simple feel+s ( human nature4 ,= o!rwise1 h[ n>r[ly mu/ ! hopes ( ! future be conf9$1 if no?+ t is unclean %all ent] into heav5--! ,holy ( ,holies--! imm$iate pres5ce ( ! pure & holy ,god6 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 my int5tion to make ?is consolatory & bless$ hope ( a lov+ & long+ he>t ! topic ( dispute1 especially s9ce x lies altoge!r beyond my pres5t limits4 ,i w only allude to ! words ( ! ,savior1 8,9 my ,fa!r's h\se are _m mansions40 ,by ! 8,fa!r's h\se0 we mu/1 x is cle>1 und]/& ! future _w4 ,on o!r side1 !re=e1 ( ! grave1 z well z on ?is1 _m divisions1 _m degrees1 & _m diff]5t /ates1 & also manifold transitions1 are n m]ely conceivable & possible1 b mu/ ( necessity be assum$ z actually exi/5t1 ev5 ?\gh we c n be too cauti\s 9 avoid+ all ha/y decisions z to :at is go+ on 9 ?is hidd5 _w4 ,only we mu/ ev] rememb] t any absolute l9e ( dem>cation :i* on "o side has no?+ b :ite1 :ile all t lies on ! o!r is black1 is v r>ely ! l9e ( tru?4 ,& ?is pr9ciple holds good1 x is pla91 9 e relation & e possible application4 ,= su* a tr5*ant l9e ( %>p & unmitigat$ contra/ betwe5 black & :ite is ev5 "o ( ^? intellectual deceptions connatural to man1 :i* disposes him too ha/ily to transf] to all )\t him ! limit$ =m ( 8 own f9ite intellect4 ,all ! pa9s1 !re=e1 & all ! suff]+s ( ! creature1 :e!r on ?is or ! o!r side ( ! grave1 s]ve ei!r to ex]cise & /r5g!n1 or to heal & purify1 ! yet imp]fect be+1 ) ! s+le exception ( t bitt]e/ ( all agonies--! pa9 ( be+ left et]nally to ourselves4 ,b ev5 "h1 al?\gh !re is no hope ( a salut>y effect1 a species ( conv]se propriety seems to hold4 ,x is1 we rem>k$1 ! problem ( philosophy1 leav+ to physics ! :ole developm5t ( life t lies int]m$iate betwe5 ! beg9n+ & end1 to expla9 ! two extremes ( nature4 ,z1 !re=e1 we h exam9$ "o ( ^! extremes1 & h discov]$ 9 ! :ole t]re/rial creation a ,p>adise z ! bless$ /ate ( ! /ill innoc5t infancy ( nature1 be=e ! revolt ( ! rebelli\s spirits & ! fall ( ! fir/ man1 ! pres5t seems ! place = a few words t\*+ ! opposite extreme--! regions ( out] d>kness4 ,we c safely admit t ! figurative repres5tations1 n m]ely ( pa9t]s & poets1 b occasionally also ( ! prea*]1 are s horrible1 & heap$ toge!r ) s little consi/5cy--! d>k colors laid on s ?ick1 t ! :ole assumes to ! feel+s an appe>ance ( improbability1 &1 on ?is acc\nt1 makes1 = ! mo/ "p1 no v deep impression4 ,b ! spiritual significance ( ^! suff]+s1 & ! sort ( propriety & design :i* holds1 ev5 9 ?is unnatural /ate1 on ! utmo/ bord]s ( creation1 may1 p]haps1 be made cle> by a v simple illu/ration4 ,mo/ reluctantly1 & ) a heavy he>t assur$ly1 w\ld an e>?ly p>5t resolve to turn out ( 8 h\se1 & =mally to dis9h]it1 8 fir/-born & belov$ son1 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld h prov$ himself utt]ly wor?less & hopelessly deprav$4 ,b ev5 if an e>?ly p>5t might be too ha/y 9 8 ang]1 & actually be h>% & unju/1 /ill we may boldly assume t ! love ( our ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 9 pati5ce & g5tl5ess1 f> transc5ds ! true/ p>5tal love t is to be f\nd on e>?4 ,b :5 x actually comes to ?is po9t ( (f5d$ m]cy & ju/ice1 !n ! dis9h]it$1 ca/ out into ! regions ( d>kness1 jo9s ! b& ( robb]s :o 9 ! night lurk ab\t 8 fa!r's h\se1 seek+ :]e !y may break into x4 ,no o!r *oice is left him ?an to become a robb]1 &1 :e!r he w or no1 he mu/ obey ! lead] ( ! b&4 ,b bett] taught & z yet s(t] ( he>t ?an ! re/1 he mu/ g ?r\gh _m h>d%ips & suff]+s ere he becomes q l ! o!rs--z h>d-he>t$ z ! 8murd]]s f ! beg9n+10 :o ! :ile look d[n ^u him ) scorn & contempt4 ,:at ,i w\ld say is ?is3 _m degrees1 & und\bt$ly extreme degrees1 ( pa9 & torm5t1 are necess>y be=e ! man ca/ out f ! pres5ce ( ,god c be :olly & completely trans=m$ into an evil _s4 ,& ?is is1 p]haps1 ! prop] mean+ & ess5tial "* "u :i* we are to ?9k ( ^! endless torm5ts ( spiritual dea? & ru94 ,if1 moreov]1 ?is et]nal dea? is (t5 describ$ z an unqu5*able fire1 !n unque/ionably !re lies 9 ?is figure1 ev5 physically consid]$1 a c]ta9 tru?1 inasmu* z ev5 9 ?is _w & 9 visible nature1 fire1 :5 left to itself & to its true ess5tial "*1 is ! prop] elem5t ( de/ruction4 ,9 ! sun's g5ial influ5ce1 inde$1 & 9 ! blood ( ! liv+ s\l1 x is con/ra9$ & mod]at$ into ! :olesome w>m? ( life2 b 9 itself1 & work+ 9 its elem5t>y /ate1 x is de/ructive & oppos$ to all ! o!r elem5ts4 ,to ! light all t has life turns in/9ctively1 & 9 ! air x brea!s & pulsates1 & f wat] x draws a "p at lea/ ( its n\ri%m5t4 ,x is only incid5tally t ! air & wat] become de/ructive1 b ! fire is s 9 its prop] nature4 ,a p]fectly organiz$ animal t liv$ 9 fire w\ld1 9 a great] or less degree1 fill e m9d ) horror & al>m1 z hav+ no "p 9 & :olly ali5 f t nature :i* is kn[n to & fri5dly to man4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 _m ev5 ( ! anci5t philosoph]s taught t ! end ( ! pres5t visible & ! ext]nal & s5sible _w1 w\ld be br\ght ab\t by a g5]al conflagration4 ,! p]mission ( evil is an imm$iate consequ5ce ( ! creation ( free be+s4 ,b al?\gh x may be reg>d$ z a fact1 t ,god has creat$ free bo? ! spirits & man1 /ill we mu/ be on our gu>d h[ we introduce into ?is matt] any notion ( necessity1 & suppose t ,god mu/ h made !m free1 & c\ld n h creat$ any o!r4 ,= man is only too prone to transf] 8 own imag9>y conceit ( necessity to ! ,deity himself1 & to feign to see x 9 ,him4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 7 a mo/ griev\s error2 & yet x is "o into :i* m5 almo/ inevitably fall :5 !y adopt ei!r a rigor\sly sy/ematic or purely logical view ( ! matt]4 ,c\ld n ,god 9 8 omnipot5ce h creat$ p[]s & dom9ions :i*1 ev5 ?\gh !y 7 liv+ en]gies & ens\l$ pr9cipalities1 %\ld1 nev]!less1 be )\t ! prop]ty ( self-det]m9ation & a true lib]ty1 & :i* w\ld consequ5tly require "s o!r nature1 b simil> to !mselves1 to rule & direct !m8 ,9 ?is s5se we read ( ! spirits ( nature1 ens\l$ elem5t>y p[]s & liv+ =ces1 :i* are describ$ z be+ seiz$ & tak5 possession ( by ! p[] ( evil1 b z h]eaft] to be set free by ! efficacy ( r$eem+ love1 & aga9 subject$ to & unit$ to ,god4 ,n[1 z connect$ ) ?is subject1 x is des]v+ ( consid]ation1 t 9 all ! decl>ations & allusions ( ! ,et]nal ,tru? ?is pres5t e>?ly nature is spok5 ( z ! battle-place ( invisible p[]s1 ! debatable gr\nd on :i* ! two armies ( good & evil spirits & elem5ts are po/$ 9 ho/ile array aga9/ ea* o!r1 & p]petually com+ into collision4#ce ,c\ld n ,god1 _h su* be5 ,8 pleasure1 h creat$ o!r be+s1 & by ! fiat ( ,8 all-mighty w h rais$ !m at once above all ! dang]s ( lib]ty1 & endu+ !m ) p]fect hol9ess1 & exempt f all liability to fall1 h drawn !m to ,himself 9 et]nal love8 ,i h hi!rto1 :]ev] x has be5 my object to give a cle>] & %>p] *>act]ization ( ! human consci\sness by means ( a comp>ison ) ! faculties ( intellect & w possess$ by sup]ior b creat$ spirits1 conf9$ myself to ! idea ( ! pure spirits1 g5ii or angels4 ,b if x %\ld h be5 ! div9e pleasure to create o!r spiritual be+s ) an organic body--"o1 p]haps1 n l ! human1 b /ill ( a v noble ?\gh animal =m1 endu$ ( c\rse ) an immortal s\l & ) a k ( ,god--:o is !re 9 su* a case to set limits to ! omnipot5t w8 ,n[ if1 z already suppos$1 !y 7 creat$ 9 p]fect hol9ess1 & exempt f ! liability to fall1 x is easily conceivable h[ 9 ?is respect !y w\ld be high] ?an frail & imp]fect man1 & mu/ be reg>d$ z a "p ( ! spiritual _w1 r ?an z belong+ to ! human race or to ! exi/+ sy/em ( nature4 ,all ^! are n s mu* inappropriate & imp]t95t conjectures & idle fancies1 z calmly moot$ que/ions = explanation1 :i* arise out ( & are sugge/$ by c]ta9 traditions & po9ts ( revelation4 ,la/ly1 if ! ,almighty _h resolv$ to create a p]fect be+1 s f> above & be=e all ! o!r creatures ( ,8 w1 z to /& next to ,himself1 & be1 z x 71 ! mirror & reflection ( ,8 own inf9ite p]fections--& _m a ^w 9 ,holy ,writ seems to allude to some?+ ( ! k9d--!n x is n difficult to see h[ ! already-quot$ expression ( a s\l ( ,god w\ld receive a bett] s5se4 ,?is be+1 s sup]ior to all o!r creat$ spirits1 mu/ 9 any case be reg>d$ z a s\l1 & = ! mo/ "p ( a passive ess5ce1 = o!rwise x w\ld /& too close & ne> to ,deity itself4 ,& x is manife/1 t ev5 "h ! ev]-immeasurable int]val :i* sep>ates ! ,creator f ! mo/ p]fect ( creatures mu/ be mo/ c>efully kept 9 view4 ,& at all ev5ts ?is expression mu/ 9 no case be appli$ to ! second or ?ird p]sons ( ! ,godhead1 nor be conf\nd$ !re)1 o!rwise ?is designation w\ld n only be false1 b altoge!r an abom9ation4 ,revelation conta9s an inexhau/ible m9e ( v]ities1 & ,i h only wi%$1 by ! way1 to call att5tion to ^! z yet unexplor$ treasures4 ,b x is above all important1 = ! philosophical po9t ( view1 /eadily to insi/ ^u & en=ce ! tru?1 t 9 no respect c we =m a notion adequately gr& & l(ty1 or ri* & manifold en\gh1 ( ! ,creation4 ,! compactly-clos$ & ord]ly-arrang$ sy/em is almo/ always ! dea? ( tru?4 ,s also is t l9e--:i*1 h[ev]1 seems to be a connatural fault 9 ! v =m ( man's faculty ( judgm5t--t /raight l9e betwe5 black & :ite1 = ev5 if x be n radically wrong1 x yet leaves mu* on bo? sides unconsid]$ & ill und]/ood4 ,) ?is impression1 ,i %all all[ myself to notice an op9ion b little kn[n1 :i*1 moreov]1 if ,i _h n met ) x 9 writ]s :o1 9 ?is prov9ce ( inquiry1 are ( ! highe/ au?ority1 ,i %\ld sc>cely h v5tur$ to adduce4 ,9 ?is dep>tm5t ( spiritual k1 a man w\ld mu* r conf9e himself to ! simple prim>y tru? ?an call att5tion to m]e op9ions4 ,! op9ion ,i allude to is to be f\nd 9 ,/4 ,j]ome1 i4e41 9 t v ,fa!r :o1 = !ological judgm5t1 is ackn[l$g$ by all to be ! fir/ & ! greate/4 ,x 0 held also by ,/4 ,francis de ,sales1 t holy sa9t ( spiritual love1 & :o1 ev5 on t acc\nt1 is s sup]ior to ! _m hundr$s ( ! s*oolm5 be=e him1 z also to s _m ideologi/s aft] him4 ,la/ly1 x occurr$ to ,leibnitz1 :o1 ( all philosoph]s1 0 mo/ possess$ ( a true & f9e intellectual tact to p]ceive & discov] all ! mo/ secret1 delicate traits ( a great sy/em1 ev5 ?\gh mo/ remote 9 "* f 8 own4 ,b /ill1 ) ?is array ( great au?orities1 x rema9s no?+ m ?an a :olly problematical op9ion1 on :i*1 z an article ( positive fai?1 no?+ is or ev] c be decid$4 ,n[ ?is op9ion is1 t 9 ! revolt ( ! rebelli\s spirits1 :ile ^? :o rema9$ 9 _! /ate ( innoc5ce & 9 _! allegiance ralli$ only ! clos] r\nd _! ,creator1 a consid]able numb]1 fe>ful & undecid$1 vacillat$ betwe5 good & evil1 &1 z we might ju/ly say1 ) ! weakness ( ! human "*1 rema9$ neutral 9 ! conflict1 & !reby lo/ _! orig9al place 9 ! hi]>*y ( ! heav5ly ho/1 )\t1 h[ev]1 be+ c\nt$ among ! utt]ly lo/4 ,z a f\r? au?ority = ?is op9ion1 ,i might adduce ,dante4 ,he is inde$ a poet1 b /ill a !ological poet1 & deeply v]s$ 9 !ology1 :o w\ld nev] h arbitr>ily devis$ or inv5t$1 or ev5 adopt$ su* a notion1 _h he n f\nd x exi/+ among o!rs be=e him1 & _h he n be5 able to adduce a good & valid au?ority = x4 ,z a good ,ghibell9e1 he 01 moreov]1 no fri5d ( neutral spirits1 ei!r 9 ?is _w or ! o!r2 & he passes ! mo/ sev]e s5t5ce ^u ^? be+s :om1 z he says1 heav5 has ca/ out1 & hell w\ld n receive4#cf ,b :at--if we may prop\nd ! "q ) some?+ m ( philosophical indiff]5ce ?an ! poet--:at1 accord+ to ! analogy ( ! div9e economy & m]ciful ju/ice1 z else:]e display$1 are we to suppose ! doom ( ^! undecid$ & wav]+ spirits8 ,9 ! fir/ place1 we may well suppose t !y w\ld be submitt$ to a new probation3 j z a g5]al gives ano!r opportunity to ! troops1 :o 9 "s evil mom5t h %[n a want ( _s1 to retrieve _! honor4 ,n[1 if x be all[able to assume t ?is1 or "s simil> idea1 or "s tradition ( ! k9d1 _h an influ5ce on & gave rise to ! doctr9e ( ! pre-exi/5ce ( m51 :i* is s g5]ally diffus$ among ! ,h9doos1 & :i* 0 also held by ! ,platoni/s1 & ev5 ,*ri/ian ,platoni/s1 ( ! fir/ c5turies1 we c !n conceive h[ ?is o!rwise s arbitr>y assumption & gr\ndless hypo!sis c\ld h aris54 ,gr\ndless1 h[ev]1 x may well be nam$1 n only because no cause or explanation ( x is adduc$1 b z be+ agreeable nei!r to ! nature ( ! s\l nor to ! con/itution ( ?+s2 s t1 reg>d$ ev5 9 ?is light1 x mu/ be look$ ^u z a s+ul> in/ance1 & consequ5tly z an exception f ! laws ( nature & z a miracul\s int]v5tion ( div9e p[]4 ,b a m]e pre-exi/5ce ( spirits w\ld1 h[ev]1 be no true pre-exi/5ce 9 ! s5se ( ! ,h9doo !ology1 or ( ! ,platoni/s1 s9ce1 by its union ) & by ! accession ( a s\l1 x becomes a :olly diff]5t & q a new be+4 ,moreov]1 9 ?is hypo!sis1 z x is fur!r work$ out 9 ! ,h9doo & ,platonic sy/ems1 ! :ole "* & true de/9ation ( human life is entirely misund]/ood1 inasmu* z x is repres5t$ z a place & p]iod ( puni%m5t2 :]eas1 rightly conceiv$1 & ev5 philosophically contemplat$1 x appe>s r z a battle-place1 & ! "t ( discipl9e & prep>ation = et]nity4 ,x is ! problem & vocation ( philosophy n m]ely to set =? ! tru? cle>ly & simply1 b also1 :5ev] x c be done incid5tally & easily1 to acc\nt = & expla9 great & rem>kable errors1 especially su* z 7 preval5t among ! e>lie/ nations & ages4 ,n[1 among ^? errors :i* are mo/ rem>kable 9 anci5t hi/ory1 ?is ( ! ,h9doos & ,platoni/s holds 9 my eyes a v prom95t place4 ,b philosophically to expla9 an error1 means n to reject x at once z absurd & undes]v+ ( notice1 b requires r t we %\ld fir/ ( all really und]/& x1 i4e41 t we %\ld /udy x1 &1 to a c]ta9 degree1 ent] into its _s1 & seek to discov] its be/ significance1 or1 9 o!r words1 t int]pretation :i* is ne>e/ to ! tru?1 & !n 9 conclusion accurately to det]m9e ! po9t :]e error beg9s & tru? is violat$4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 may n[ be left to its own m]its4 ,9 t\*+ ^u x1 my only object has be5 to call att5tion to ! wond]ful v>iety ( ,god's creative p[]1 ev5 9 ! copi\s !me ( ! immortality ( ! s\l4 ,& 9 ?is view x appe>$ to me n unpr(itable to notice ev5 ! mo/ discrepant !ories on ! subject1 z be+ nev]!less well calculat$ to ?r[ a cle> & /eady light on ! simple tru?4 ,9 ! la/ age1 s9ce ! ,h9doo metempsy*osis1 z x is n[ accurately & au!ntically kn[n1 appe>$ too s]i\s & sad a doctr9e to meet ) ! welcome & concurr5ce ( ! exi/5t g5]ation1 a bright] & m fanciful !ory 0 prop\nd$4 ,9 x ?is life has be5 a/ronomically depict$ 9 ! brighte/ & mo/ attractive colors z a walk among ! />s1 cont9ually asc5d+ f "o sid]eal exi/5ce to ano!r4 ,9 ! limit$ range ( human k1 x is alike impossible to d5y or to prove ! possibility ( su* a migration among ! />s4 ,b x is evid5tly a wis] c\rse1 & "o f> m agreeable to ! nature & limits ( man's p[]s ( und]/&+1 = him to conf9e 8 views to 8 own imm$iate home--! e>?--inve/igat+1 sift+1 & div9+ its my/]ies1 ?an to lose himself 9 airy dreams amid ! :ole />ry univ]se4 ,=1 p]haps1 t :i* man is seek+ s f> (f he may f9d mu* clos] to 8 own doors ?an he suspects4 ,= x is n improbable t ?is planet ( our e>? conta9s 9 its int]ior _m subt]ranean c\rses & secret *amb]s ( dea?1 toge!r ) ! se$s ( light :i* are to spr+ up into ! future resurrection4 ,b ?is may be res]v$ = consid]ation 9 ano!r place4 ,"h ,i w only add1 9 conclusion1 t opposite to t gradational scale1 already s (t5 m5tion$1 :i* ! va/ pyramid ( nature =ms 9 relation to ,god & its own liv+ developm5t1 /&s ano!r scale = man1 adapt$ to 8 ne$s & suit$ to 8 n>r[ position & limit$ intellig5ce4 ,9 ?is scale1 nature1 i4e41 9 ?is s5se1 ! nature :i* mo/ imm$iately surr\nds & environs man1 ?is planet ( our e>? :i* be>s & n\ri%es ! human race1 is fir/ ( all man's habitation1 teem+1 inde$1 ) life1 & ev5 itself a liv+ ?+1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 he is ev] meet+ "h & !re ) some?+ t tells him x is n 8 prop] home4 ,9 ! second /ep ( ?is view ( nature1 :i* contemplates x pr9cipally 9 its relation to man & man's wants1 ! natural _w 9 its pres5t =m appe>s z ! battle-place & debatable gr\nd ( ! /ill undecid$1 or1 r1 n z yet t]m9at$1 /ruggle betwe5 ! good & evil p[]s1 & ! fi]c] ! /rife aga9 beg9s to be1 ! m necess>y is x n to ov]look ?is aspect ( ! matt]4 ,! ?ird gradation 9 ?is view ( nature1 consid]$ relatively to ! m9d or _s ( man 9 8 f9ite exi/5ce1 is t :i* tea*es him to look ^u x z ! visible veil ( ! invisible _w1 cov]$ all ov] & ri*ly ornam5t$ ) significant symbols & hi]oglyphics4 ,& ev5 because nature itself is ev5 a symbolical be+1 !re=e1 :5 we speak ( its inmo/ life & its _s1 or its mean+ z a :ole1 i4e41 :5 we attempt to /udy & to und]/& x1 n physically only1 b ev5 philosophically1 we c only hope to convey our mean+ symbolically1 by employ+ sci5tific illu/rations & liv+ symbols4 ,,lecture ,,vii4 ,,( ,,! ,,div9e ,,wisdom ,,z ,,manife/$ ,,9 ,,! ,,realm ,,( ,,tru?1 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,conflict ,,( ,,! ,,age ,,) ,,error4 ,god is a _s ( tru?2 & 9 ! realm ( tru?1 !re=e1 ! div9e ord]1 & ! law ( wisdom :i* reigns !re91 %9es =? ) an especial cle>ness--) a high] degree ( evid5ce or great] p]spicuity ?an ev5 9 ! region ( nature1 :i* = u is = ! mo/ "p half-d>k1 or at ! v be/ b a *i>o-oscuro--a mixture ( light & d>kness4 ,b man1 =m$ out ( ! du/ ( ! e>?1 plac$1 z x 71 9 ! v c5t] ( nature1 z its fir/-born son or its e>?ly "l1 is 9 ?is respect himself a natural be+4 ,ev5 9 8 susceptibility = high] & div9e tru?1 man is ti$ to & is dep5d5t on a simil> & collat]al grade ( developm5t 9 ! life ( nature1 :i* c 9 no case be viol5tly brok51 nor a /ep 9 x arbitr>ily ov]leap$1 )\t involv+ ! mo/ disa/r\s consequ5ces z ! p5alty ( s unnatural a c\rse4 ,ev5 9 education !re reigns a simil> law ( gradual developm5t accord+ to ! natural progression ( ! diff]5t ages ( life4 ,) ! boy ( good & natural abilities1 :o %[s an aptness & will+ness to le>n :5 k is pres5t$ to 8 m9d1 & implant$ 9 a true & liv+ =m1 ! tea*]'s fir/ c>e is to improve ?is disposition1 & to /r5g!n & to fo/] x1 &1 by furni%+ x ) ! due measure & ! "r quality ( intellectual culture1 gradually to develop its p[]s4 ,at ?is age ! moral "p ( education w wisely conf9e itself to lay+ a f\ndation ( good habits1 to ! c>eful exclusion ( all evil communication & ! deadly contagion ( wick$ example4 ,9 ! s(t & yield+ "* ( ! *ild !re c sc>cely be z yet any "q ab\t pr9ciples or s5tim5ts4 ,b ! case is v diff]5t ) y\?4 ,if at ?is "t ( life ! moral "* be n c>efully =m$ simultane\sly ) its sci5tific cultivation1 !n is ! good season irrep>ably lo/1 & r>ely1 if ev]1 c ! defici5cy be aft]w>d suppli$4 ,= :5 ?is /age ( intellectual & moral culture is once pass$1 :5 ! m9d has begun at la/ to move ) great] fre$om & to mature itself1 ! "y man is at once admitt$ to ! full light ( sci5ce1 or ent]s into ! busy c\rse ( active life1 to be !re br\ght to ! t\*/one ( exp]i5ce4 ,& a simil> s]ies ( gradation may be obs]v$ on a l>g] scale 9 ! hi/orical succession & developm5t ( ! ages ( ! _w4 ,= su* is1 9 e case1 ! gradual expansion ( man's consci\sness1 z he is at pres5t con/itut$4 ,8 s5ses mu/ be fir/ excit$ & exp&$2 !n1 & !n only1 ) any good result1 c ! s\l be l$ to ! good & div9e1 :i*1 h[ev]1 n cont5t to dismiss !m aft] ! fir/ look ( wond] & amazem5t1 x mu/ r dwell ^u ) ! full & deep feel+s ( admiration & rev]5ce2 until at la/1 be+ :olly fill$ ) !m1 x d]ives f _! inspiration a new /imulus & excitem5t1 & !reby is =ev] & p]man5tly direct$ to ! true end & aim ( exi/5ce4 ,& n[ at la/ c ! free _s appreh5d aright ! div9e tru?1 &1 9 ! _s ( ?is k1 act ) vital en]gy1 con=mably to t position 9 ,god's great _w :i* has be5 assign$ & allott$ to him4 ,& ?is ord] c n be transgress$ ) impunity4 ,none ( its int]m$iate /eps c be ov]leap$ )\t involv+ ! mo/ fe>ful consequ5ces4 ,if ! s5ses be n fir/ ( all excit$ & exp&$1 !n w x be lo/ labor to attempt to w9 & =tify ! he>t1 or to turn ! s\l t[>d ! nev]-sett+ sun ( div9e tru?4 ,&1 accord+ly1 h[ _m attempts1 bo? on a l>ge & a small scale1 at ! moral reg5]ation ( mank9d h totally fail$ ev5 = want ( ! fir/ /ep ( a =]unn+ light & previ\s illum9ation1 by :i* ! obs]vation %\ld h be5 r\s$1 ! s5ses /imulat$1 & ! eye op5$4 ,b :51 on ! contr>y1 ! full light is imp>t$ to or ga9$ by ! m9d1 :ile ! s\l /ill rema9s envelop$ 9 d>kness & fa/ w$d$ to its evil habits1 )\t atta9+ to a high] exaltation1 !n1 inde$1 ! result is equally griev\s1 ?\gh diff]5t f t :i* foll[s f ! mi/ake ( ov]leap+ at ! fir/ /ep4 ,x has an effect2 x does n rema9 )\t an influ5ce4 ,s long z ! moral "p ( man is :olly neglect$1 & is ei!r left rude & b>b>\s1 or suff]$ to become deg5]ate1 !n sci5ce works inde$1 b only z a de/roy+ elem5t4 ,9 s bad a soil ! true k is ev] trans=m$ into false1 & ! m pr(\ndly x is appreh5d$--! m vividly & vigor\sly x is pursu$--! m fatally1 p]nici\sly1 & de/ructively does x "w4 ,! examples & ! pro(s ( ! injuri\s consequ5ces ( too rapid & premature developm5t ( sci5tific enlight5m5t amid a g5]al preval5ce ( moral depravity1 & ! subv]sion ( ^? pr9ciples :i* are ! f\ndation ( national exi/5ce & prosp]ity1 might easily be f\nd at no great di/ance f our own age4 ,& !y admit also ( be+ demon/rat$ z cle>ly & conv9c+ly by e>li] in/ances f ! hi/ory ( ! ,greeks & ,romans4 ,! production ( ^! pro(s1 h[ev]1 w\ld c>ry u beyond our pres5t limits1 & ! tru? !y w\ld e/abli% is n1 moreov]1 ! end to :i* our pres5t disquisitions are direct$4 ,! !me ( ?is ,lecture is ! c\rse obs]v$ by et]nal wisdom1 or ! div9e ord] 9 ! realm ( tru?4 ,my object is to call y\r att5tion to ! c>e ) :i* ,provid5ce obs]ves a gradual progression 9 its m5tal developm5t ( ! human race1 lov+ly suit+ & adapt+ itself to ! weakness & f9it5ess ( humanity1 & to ! imp]fection ( e>?ly creatures1 accord+ to t pr9ciple ( div9e condesc5sion1 s (t5 m5tion$ already1 :i*1 ?r\gh\t ! div9e op]ations 9 ! _w1 & ,8 influ5ce on man1 is di/9ctly visible4 ,?us1 !n1 9 ! k imm$iately imp>t$ to man by a high] provid5ce we may disc]n a prelim9>y p]iod--a previ\s illum9ation1 9 ord] to reop5 ! eye ( man1 :i* hea!nism _h bl9d$ to ! tru?1 t x might be able to see & disc]n ,god4 ,?is fir/ /ep ( revelation 0 little m ?an a prep>ation = ! future2 b ! second 01 or has be51 an illum9ation ( ! s\l--a vital r5ewal ( x--a total conv]sion ( x f ! /ate ( d>kness to ! ,ev]la/+ ,light & ! ,sun ( ,righte\sness4 ,b 9 ?is liv+ developm5t ( ! highe/ life1 :i* is ev5 ! div9e light ( ! ,_s1 ! ?ird & la/ /ep 7:i* inde$ comm5ces 9 & is involv$ 9 ! second1 ev5 z x also _h its g]m 9 ! fir/7 is ! full enlight5m5t ( ! _s or m9d4 ,& accord+ly ?is full revelation is 9 ,scripture itself1 z be+ ! close & completion ( ! :ole1 expressly describ$1 & nam$ ! la/ "t4 ,be=e attempt+1 h[ev]1 to po9t out ! div9e ord] 9 ! education ( ! human race1 by ! gradual revelation ( tru?1 two g5]al & prelim9>y rem>ks seem call$ =4 ,i obs]ve1 !n1 fir/ ( all1 t :5 we speak ( s5se1 s\l1 & _s1 z ! successive t]ms 9 ! gr[+ capacity ( ! human consci\sness = a high] k & heav5ly tra9+1 & = tru? 9 g5]al1 b m especially = div9e tru?1 !n ! g5]al s5se ( tru?1 :i* su* an hypo!sis supposes1 & :i* inde$ is its ess5tial f\ndation1 mu/ be und]/ood z compris+ all ^? o!r p>ticul> species1 bran*es1 or dep>tm5ts :i* we h already enum]at$4 ,i mean ! common s5se ( s\nd reason4 ,= t susceptibility = ! impressions ( nature1 & ! und]/&+1 :i*1 z ,i said be=e1 con/itute ! s5se = ! revelation ( _s1 or ! _s ( revelation--:e!r writt5 or hi/orical--are alike compris$ 9 t "o & common s5se = tru?4 ,or p]haps we may r say1 t by _! jo9t op]ations !y =m x2 :ile1 h[ev]1 9 its special application1 n[ ?is n[ t con/itu5t prepond]ates--or p]haps t ?is "o & univ]sal s5se = tru? is call$ into action1 & made to co-op]ate n[ 9 ?is direction & n[ 9 t4 ,moreov]1 t int]nal concurr5ce & ass5t ( ! w1 :i* ,i h endeavor$ to %[ is ! prop] s5se 9 man = ,god & = div9e ?+s1 belongs also1 z an ess5tial & elem5t ( its con/itution1 to ?is g5]al s5se = tru?4 ,= t ! opposite fault ( self-w & ob/9acy is 9 ! highe/ degree a h9d]ance ( good1 ev5 9 ! acquisition ( k & ! recognition ( tru?1 is f\nd by exp]i5ce 9 ! e>lie/ essays ( education4 ,b n only 9 ! elem5t>y pr9ciples ( le>n+1 b ev5 9 ! mo/ highly-f9i%$ & elaborate sy/ems ( metaphysical ideas1 con/ruct$ by ! pr(\nde/ ?9k]s & philosoph]s1 does ?is _s ( negation & contradiction %[ itself1 & prove ! greate/ ob/acle to tru? & ! mo/ fruitful s\rce ( error4 ,! second rem>k :i* we h to make be=e ent]+ ^u ! imm$iate subject ( our ,lecture ref]s to ! natural progression ( ! liv+ developm5t ( ! human consci\sness4 ,?is gradation1 we w\ld obs]ve1 holds good1 & is applicable1 n m]ely to ! moral education ( man1 b also to ! intellectual improvem5t ( man's capacity1 z at pres5t con/itut$1 = all high] & div9e v]ities4 ,b1 h[ev] true ?is may be1 :]e ! g5]al s5se = tru? is n f ! fir/ op5 & full ( light1 :]e ! s\l is n already p]fectly free & pure2 yet on ! o!r h& !re is no?+ aga9/--on ! contr>y1 e ?+ favors ! supposition1 t ! e>lie/ revelation imp>t$ to mank9d--! illum9ation :i* 0 giv5 to ! fir/ man1 & be/[$ ^u him z 8 heav5ly inh]itance on e>?1 0 a full & p]fect enlight5m5t ( 8 m9d gei/4 ,= 8 s5ses 7 op5 & cle>1 8 s\l z yet incorrupt1 pure1 & free4 ,bo? 7 direct$ to ,god1 & be+ "o ) & at unison ) nature1 7 ke5ly alive to & deeply impress$ by e tok5 ( ,god's glory & maje/y 9 creation4 ,x is q an error to assume1 or1 r1 to fancy1 t ?is /ate ( purity & innoc5ce 0 a /ate ( ignorance l t ( ! *ild or ( ! wild man4 ,! tree ( life 0 giv5 to him entirely & )\t res]ve1 z also dom9ion ov] ! e>?1 ^: fir/-made liv+ creatures ! ,"l subject$ to 8 dom9ion1 br++ !m be=e him to call & to "n !m4 ,! k ( dea? 0 inde$ design$ly )held f him1 z also ! exi/5ce ( ! evil spirits1 ev5 because x 0 exactly !re9 t 8 trial & probation 7 to consi/4 ,& s bo? are p]fectly reconcilable3 t height ( k 9 ! cle>e/ light ( nature1 :i* ! sacr$ traditions ( all primitive nations s positively & unanim\sly assign to ! fir/ man1 is 9 n[ise inconsi/5t ) t ignorance ( dea? :i* is no less expressly ascrib$ to him4 ,moreov]1 _h man b pres]v$ & kept alive 9 8 he>t ?is feel+ ( ,god1 he w\ld imm$iately h recogniz$ 8 enemy1 & ev5 !reby h triumph$ ov] him1 & become ! r$eem] ( nature1 in/ead ( requir+1 n[ t he has fail$ 9 t 8 high de/9ation1 a ,r$eem] = 8 own fall5 race4 ,?is fir/ revelation1 !re=e1 01 we may well assume1 9 ! beg9n+ z x w also be 9 ! end1 a full enlight5m5t ( ! _s ( man1 b :i*1 h[ev]1 0 soon d>k5$ by 8 disob$i5ce & fall4 ,?is1 too1 is ! %ape :i* ! matt] assumes 9 ! leg5d>y hi/ory ( all ! primeval nations ( antiquity1 & ^! are ! ?reads ( light :i* 9 ! labyr9?9e confusion ( leg5ds1 symbols1 & tongues ( e>lie/ hea!ndom1 c>ry u safely out ( its mazes & back to ! cle> />t+-po9t ( ! pure & undefil$ revelation ( ,god4 ,x 7 n difficult to %[ h[1 ?r\gh ! fir/ two mill5niums & a half1 or five-&-tw5ty c5turies1 a high] provid5ce & div9e guidance 0 ev] quietly c>ry+ on ^! lum9\s ?reads ( orig9al tru?1 & f "t to "t r5ew+ !m4 ,b ?is hi/ory ( ! human m9d 9 ! primeval _w1 h[ev] highly attractive1 w\ld take u out ( our prop] limits4 ,^u ! eclipse ( man's s\l1 :5 spiritual d>kness univ]sally prevail$1 ! s5ses orig9ally op5 to a high] light 7 clos$ aga9/ x4 ,8 bett] p]ceptions 7 ov]:elm$ or buri$ b5ea? a *aos ( true & false or half-true images & symbols4 ,!n x 0 t ! natural law ( spiritual developm5t comm5c$ 9 its full =ce4 ,x foll[$ ! progression already describ$4 ,9 ! fir/ t]m ! numb$ & dead5$ s5se _h to be awak5$ & quick5$ aga91 & 9 its second ! s\l r5ew$1 purifi$1 & conv]t$1 be=e ei!r c\ld become susceptible ( ! full & p]fect illum9ation ( ! ,_s4 ,to trace ?is natural law 9 ! human consci\sness & 9 ! div9e education ( mank9d1 & to asc]ta9 ! progressive /eps 9 ! div9e revelations1 expressly giv5 & design$ to effect t gradual developm5t1 is ! object ( ! pres5t ,lecture4 ,! fir/ /ep or t]m !re( 0 ! selection ( a s+le p to be ! s*oolma/] ( ! :ole human race4#cg ,:5 ! hea!ni% mass ( leg5ds or my?s & symbols _h rea*$ ! height ( confusion1 & ! evil _h become o!rwise incurable1 "o nation 0 *os5 & set ap>t by ,god z ,8 in/rum5t 9 op5+ ! eyes ( m5 to ! abyss ( error 9 :i* ! :ole _w 0 plung$1 & to direct _! looks exclusively to ! future4 ,_m prophets 7 s5t to ! *os5 p1 & x 0 at fir/ guid$ & rul$ by none b prophets4 ,&1 p]haps1 we c n =m a m correct notion ( ! "* & hi/ory ( ?is p1 s peculi>ly di/+ui%$ f all ! o!r nations ( ! anci5t _w1 ?an by ?9k+ ( x absolutely & 9 its de/9ation z ! prophetic p exclusively int5d$ to po9t to a di/ant future1 & ^: lead+ ideas & inmo/ feel+s 7 to be atta*$ to1 & to look f> into1 a remote futurity4 ,?ree /rokes or words1 at mo/1 comprise ! highly-simple revelation ( ! fir/ /age--! fir/ ray ( light at ! beg9n+--9 :i*1 h[ev]1 lies conta9$ ! hidd5 key & solution = ! *aos ( leg5ds1 & all ! enigmas ( ! primitive _w & ( primeval hi/ory4 ,b ?is brief & simple revelation 0 accompani$ ) a /rict l9e ( dem>cation betwe5 ! ,g5tiles & ! *os5 p1 :o 7 sep>at$ f all ! hea!n nations by cu/oms & laws1 :ile a long ray ( hope rea*$ f> into ! di/ant future4 ,?is po9t ( light at ! beg9n+ 01 h[ev]1 b little consid]$ & ill-und]/ood2 ! l9e ( dem>cation1 too1 0 (t5 transgress$ ^u ! slighte/ pretext & mo/ ord9>y temptations4 ,& :5 at la/ x 0 m /rictly kept1 x 0 obs]v$1 n 9 its _s1 b 9 ! lett]2 &1 9 consequ5ce1 ev5 t high & l(ty-hope :i* irradiat$ x 0 totally misund]/ood1 be+ int]pret$1 9 a n>r[ _s ( national exclusiv5ess1 ( a temporal ,r$eem]1 & a political r$emption f ! yoke ( ! ,roman oppressor4 ,?is delusion1 & ! extreme +ratitude ) :i*1 consequ5tly1 ! ,light t came into ! _w 01 on ! :ole1 receiv$ by ^? to :om ,x 0 9 ! fir/ place communicat$1 has be5 (t5 pa9t$ 9 ! d>ke/ colors ( indignant c5sure by ! /]n p5 ( hi/ory4 ,! /iffneck$ness ( ! ,jews has be5 a fruitful !me = virtu\s indignation4 ,b1 = my "p1 ,i h>dly "k :e!r1 9 ?is respect1 a diff]5t & m favorable s5t5ce c be pass$ on ! g5]ations :i* h witness$ ! subsequ5t /eps ( div9e revelation 9 its fur!r developm5t4 ,full "t 0 all[$ to ! prophetic p to develop itself2 &1 aft] ! lapse ( tw5ty-fire c5turies1 :i* make up ! fir/ age ( ! _w1 a mill5nium & a half 0 all[$ to ?is initiatory /ep ( revelation4 ,& n[1 at l5g?1 aft] =ty c5turies ( prep>ation & hope1 :5 ! long1 d>k w9t] ( ! old5 idolatry 0 ov]1 ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! human race rea*$ its culm9at+ po9t1 & ) ! v]nal sol/ice ,fruhl+'s-,sol/itium ( ?is new manife/ation comm5c$ ! second t]m 9 ?is s]ies ( revelation or ( ! div9e education ( ! human race4 ,ev5 f its v fir/ op5+1 e ?+ *>act]izes ?is second t]m ( developm5t z n int5d$ = a complete & f9al revelation ( _s & k4 ,promis+1 & res]v+ to ! future t f9al manife/ation1 x =ms1 9 ?is respect1 a m>k$ contra/ to ! highly-cultivat$ sci5ce ( ! ,greeks1 :i*1 h[ev]1 9 spite ( its high pret5sions1 did b become cont9ually m & m s5su\s 9 its "*4 ,! imm$iate object ( ?is second enlight5m5t ( ! :ole human race 0 to be a total conv]sion ( ! s\l f its previ\s e>?ly d>kness to ! ev]la/+ light & ! "o & only ,sun ( ,tru?1 & !reby to effect a complete r5ewal ( life1 & a re=mation ( all its habits1 cu/oms1 & in/itutions4 ,?is alone did ,god require2 & glori\s1 & noble1 & deeply-t\*+ 0 ! conflict 9 :i* ?is :olly new b heav5-desc5d$ s5tim5t _h to engage ) ! oppos+ _s ( ! old _w4 ,b m5 soon relaps$ into _! =m] discord2 & x is n[ our pa9ful task to po9t out ! rise & gr[? ( ?is diss5sion ?r\gh ! succe$+ eras ( hi/ory4 ,= ?us only--by consid]+1 9 e p]iod1 man's relation1 or1 r1 8 opposition1 to ! div9e revelation--is x possible1 amid ! rapid progress ( ! wid5+ disagreem5t1 to trace ! div9e ord] :i* rules amid ! an>*y ( m9d1 & to foll[ x along its pa? ( light up to its appo9t$ end1 & to its close & conclusion4 ,9 ! fir/ ?ree or f\r c5turies ( ,*ri/ianity1 ?is _s ( opposition %[$ itself 9 two diff]5t =ms4 ,9 ! "o1 ! new & simple fai? 0 fir/ ( all p]v]t$ into a *aos ( philosophical fictions ( an old ,asiatic "*4#ch ,9 ! o!r1 a secret & half infidelity hid itself beh9d a veil ( words1#ci aga9/ :i* ! fai? mu/ def5d itself beh9d an outwork ( words also2 & 9 ?is p]iod ( hi/ory1 a subtile & ref9$ logoma*y fir/ ( all atta9$ to a great & la/+ importance = mank9d4 ,9 ?is dispute1 ! simple f\ndation ( ! fai? 0 inde$ ma9ta9$ & def5d$1 9 its purity & integrity1 aga9/ all ho/ile attacks2 b ! fir/-love lo/ mu* ( its fre%ness & ardor4 ,consequ5tly ! new life1 :i* sprung up ) ! new fai?1 0 unable to fulfill ! hopes :i* at its fir/ rise m5 _h reasonably ent]ta9$ ( x1 &1 by re=m+ ! corrupt civilization ( ! old ,roman _w1 to r5ew x entirely 9 ,god4 ,accord+ly1 an ali5 & purely physical elem5t _h to be associat$ ) x4 ,! nor!rn nations 7 call$ 9 to infuse fre% en]gy into ! worn-out races ( ,engl&4 ,9 ?is "w ( physical reg5]ation ?ree c5turies 7 aga9 sp5t4 ,b at ! close ( ?is fir/ p]iod1 x 0 se51 on a sudd51 h[ little ! old5 _s ( diss5sion _h be5 really conqu]$1 or ev5 mollifi$4 ,! fai?1 x 0 said1 may1 9 all ess5tial po9ts1 be p]fectly id5tical1 b a division may be1 & /ill subsi/s1 not)/&+4 ,b :at does t mean1 b t ! ,god & ,savior ( ! _w wor%ip$ by ! ,ea/1 is diff]5t f ,him :om ! ,we/ ackn[l$ges8 ,& ?us ! "o ,god & ! "o fai? 0 9 ! life ( man aga9 divid$ into two2 & ?is s+ul> s*ism1 )\t any adequate cause1 /ill subsi/s to ! pres5t day4#dj ,9 ! foll[+ great p]iod a fre% life blossom$ 9 ri* & manifold expansion out ( t revelation ( love :i*1 prop]ly speak+1 n[ fir/ ( all put =? its full vital en]gies1 giv+ a new %ape to all ! in/itutions ( human society1 & impress+ on art1 z well z on moral & political sci5ce1 a new "*1 totally diff]5t f t :i* !y possess$ among ! mo/ enlight5$ nations ( antiquity4 ,view$ 9 its lov+ aspect1 i4e41 9 its *ivalry1 !re is mu* 9 ?is p]iod to attract & engage our en?usiasm & sympa?ies1 b = ! fe>ful discord :i* broke out )9 x1 & set "o half ( ! _w 9 ho/ile array aga9/ ! o!r4 ,! two p[]s :i* ought to "w toge!r = "o div9e end--! two swords ( :i* ! ,"l _h said1 8,x is en\gh10#da--! spiritual sword ( ! k+dom ( fai? & tru?1 & ! civil sword ( e>?ly ju/ice1 7 drawn & held 9 ?reat5+ attitude aga9/ ea* o!r1 by :i*1 h[ev]1 ! m9ds ( m5 7 torn & di/ract$ by ! inw>d /ruggle ( conflict+ duties 9 a f> great] degree ?an ! ext]nal peace ( society 0 di/urb$4 ,b x 0 n m]ely 9 su* a collision t ! /rife alone %[$ itself2 b x ext5d$ ev5 to ! confusion ( ! two doma9s1 & a =getfulness ( _! prop] duties & respective positions4 ,9 ! in/ance1 x is true1 ( ! mail$ ecclesia/ic1 h[ev]1 at fir/ sight1 ! union 9 "o p]son ( su* opposite *>act]s z ! soldi] & prie/ may />tle ! m9d1 ! gallant & noble be>+ ( ! spiritual knight soon reconciles u to ! /range ph5om5on4 ,s1 too1 :5 he ^: vocation x 0 to hold ! pa/oral /aff began also to sway ! scept] ( a civil pr9ce1 ! em95t skill & judgm5t ) :i* ! difficult task ( dis*>g+ ! d\ble & (t5 conflict+ duties ( s mix$ a sov]eignty 0 accompli%$1 sil5ce e murmur ( a prote/4 ,b :5 he :o ought to c>ry ! crosi] ( peace hoi/$ ! p5non ( w>1 su* a sight naturally gave great (f5se1 & sadly p]plex$ ! m9ds ( m54 ,?us1 !n1 pass$ sev5 c5turies m1 mak+1 ) ! eight already describ$1 fifte5 altoge!r t h elaps$ f t great c5t] ( ! _w's hi/ory1 :5 ! spiritual sun rea*$ its m]idian altitude 9 ?is e>?ly life4 ,^!1 add$ to ! fifte5 :i* _h previ\sly pass$ f ! fir/ %9+ ( ! light ( revelation1 make no less ?an ?ree mill5neums4 ,& to ^!1 aga91 ?ree c5turies m are to be add$4 ,su* is ! extremely sl[ c\rse ( ! div9e guidance ( ! _w1 z regulat$ by ! inexhau/ible pati5ce & long-suff]+ ( ,god 9 ! education ( 8 human creatures4 ,9 ?is la/ p]iod1 h[ev]1 ! _s ( discord has become /ill m g5]al1 & has brok5 out 9 all its viol5ce1 gradually attack+ & draw+ into ! dispute e in/itution ( society & e dep>tm5t ( life4 ,9 ! wond]ful co9cid5ce ( _m & great discov]ies1 simultane\sly made 9 widely-di/9ct & indep5d5t bran*es ( sci5ce1 ! _s ( man read ! proclamation ( 8 majority4 ,consci\s ( ?is intellectual rip5ess1 9 ! fir/ use ( its new p[]s x assum$ t[>d ! fai? an attitude ( e/rangem5t & controv]sy1 in/ead ( calmly advanc+ along ! assign$ pa? t[>d p]fection4 ,ev5 at ! v comm5cem5t ( ?is p]iod1 ! ho/ile relation betwe5 ! new sci5ce & ! anci5t fai? is p]ceptible en\gh4 ,b x soon %[$ itself m di/9ctly1 z ! rupture became wid] & m g5]al1 till at la/ ! discord ext5d$ to ! v fai? itself1 :i* 0 h5ce=? brok5 up into bitt] & oppos+ p>ties4 ,/ill lat]1 a new] & deep] animosity divid$ ! fai? 9 g5]al f ! :ole civil & political life1 f :i* 9 _m places its religi\s f\ndation 0 altoge!r remov$4 ,& n[ t life 0 ?us depriv$ ( its high] & spiritual significance1 ! /rife became univ]sal & complete4 ,involv+ sci5ce & life into ! discord1 x set !m also 9 deadly array aga9/ ea* o!r--= life ?us unspiritualiz$ c\ld no long] reconcile itself to ! dreamy ideal ( a sci5ce :i* at mo/ 0 b p>tially true1 :ile life itself c\ld n satisfy ! requisitions ( sci5ce4 ,& fe>ful 0 ! outbreak 9 :i* ?is la/ antagonism ( pr9ciple op5ly display$ its animosity4 ,?is f\rfold s*ism1 !n--fir/1 betwe5 sci5ce & fai?2 secondly1 9 ! fai? itself2 ?irdly1 betwe5 life & fai?2 & la/ly1 betwe5 ! new sci5ce 7:i* usurp$ ! place ( ! fai? x _h disc>d$7 & life itself--?is f\rfold s*ism1 ) its sev]al bran*es & ramifications1 ext5d+ to e dep>tm5t ( human exi/5ce1 lies n[ be=e u1 9 ! pres5t age1 z ! /ill-unsolv$ problem ( life4 ,& :o b ,god alone %all or is able to solve x8 ,z a "q ( dispute1 ?is problem--& especially its inmo/ root1 ! s*ism 9 ! fai?--c be pr(itably discuss$ only 9 ! _s ( love & mutual =be>ance betwe5 cognate & k9dr$ m9ds1 :o1 :ile !y ?9k diff]5tly on a few po9ts1 yet agree 9 mo/4 ,_m works might be adduc$ on bo? sides1 compos$ 9 t conciliatory _s ( approximation :i* is mo/ accordant ) true philosophy1 ^: fir/ ef=t is1 9 all cases1 direct$ to reconcil+ & remov+ ! deeply-root$ animosities ( human nature4 ,to a complete decision1 h[ev]1 ( ! :ole matt] 9 "q1 we %all nev] arrive on ! road ( disputation4 ,ev5 ?\gh ! dispute 7 ma9ta9$ ) ! mo/ valid reason+1 & 7 conduct$ ) ! mo/ dignifi$ =be>ance & mildness1 ! attempt w\ld only be lo/ labor4 ,= !re exi/s no supreme c\rt ( appeal to ^: s5t5ce bo? sides w\ld be ready to submit4 ,on ! "o side1 ! reason--:i* advances ) unlimit$ fre$om 9 its inve/igations--& fai? on ! o!r1 ) its assum$ au?ority to decide 9 ! la/ in/ance1 w\ld alike refuse to ackn[l$ge its adv]s>y z a compet5t tribunal4 ,?us deeply pi]c+ into ! v m>r[ ( humanity1 & ?us mortal is ! conflict4 ,inde$1 a man c sc>cely t\* ^u x )\t be+ c>ri$ almo/ involunt>ily into ! v mid/ ( ! /rife1 & v =tunate may he acc\nt himself if he retires f x unsca!d4 ,& if x 7 only f a m]e human po9t ( view ( a sci5tific dispute t ,i _h to consid] x1 good reason %\ld ,i h to be on my gu>d1 le/ on ?is matt] my m9d %\ld be1 z x 71 =cibly r5t & divid$ into two halves4 ,i h1 h[ev]1 at pres5t no anxiety ( ! k9d4 ,= my purpose is solely & entirely to trace out ! div9e ord] 9 ! revelation progressively giv5 to mank9d1 & foll[+ ?is lum9\s ?read to lead reflection up to ! f9i%+ close ( ,god's education ( ! human race1 :]e1 9 ! full %9+ ( ! p]fect day1 !re %all be no m controv]sy & no m d\bt4 ,view+ ! matt] 9 ?is light1 ,i see b little to attract my sympa?ies 9 ! publicly-conduct$ controv]sy1 h[ev] highly important & pre-em95t a place x may hold 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,f> m attractive to me are ^? isolat$ & retir+ spirits on bo? sides :o1 tak+ b little1 if any1 "p 9 ! prevail+ dispute1 h _! eyes direct$ r to ! future1 9 wat*ful expectation ( t full & f9al illum9ation1 ) all its att5dant promises--among :i* we mu/ reckon1 fir/ & =emo/1 ! peace & joy ( believ+--9 ! la/ revelation ( div9e m9d4 ,( ^! calm] spirits1 h[ev]1 "s h actually fall51 & o!rs h be5 on ! v br9k ( fall+1 into ! plausible error ( reg>d+ ?is ?ird /ep ( enlight5m5t z an absolutely new revelation1 :]eas x is q cle> t x w be no?+ m ?an ! simple completion ( ! e>li] /eps4 ,= a revelation :i* %\ld give itself out z p]fectly new1 ap>t f & indep5d5t ( t sav+ illum9ation ( ! s\l :i* m>ks ! second /ep1 & :i* we are already 9 possession (--:i* %\ld disav[ ?is e>li] div9e revelation ( ! he>t1 ( love & life 9 fai?1 :i* is )held f no "o1 & :i* e "o kn[s1 w\ld1 ev5 by su* an ann\ncem5t1 proclaim its own falsity4 ,new heav5s & a new e>? are inde$ expressly promis$ among ! bless+s ( ?is la/ age4 ,m5tion is also made ( a ,gospel t %all be prea*$ 8unto all !m t dwell on ! e>?1 & to e nation1 & k9dr$1 & tongue1 & p40#db ,?is ,gospel1 h[ev]1 is n[h]e call$ a new "o2 s9ce 9 ! old "o !re is en\gh = life1 if only x be duly obs]v$1 & also = k1 if only x be rightly und]/ood4 ,b x is call$ ! 8ev]la/+0 ,gospel2 & by ?is t]m x is pla9 t no?+ is to be und]/ood b ?is full light ( div9e k n[ made p]fect 9 ,god1 & :i* has become "o ) fai?1 &1 consequ5tly1 fully reconcil$ ) life also4 ,9 ?is doma91 & 9 ?is spiritual s5se1 x is n necess>y t ! fair morn+-/> ( fai?1 :i* has guid$ u ?r\gh ! d>k night1 & light$ u to ! day-spr+1 %\ld become ext9ct :5 ! sun asc5ds ! heav5s 9 8 full m]idian spl5dor4 ,on ! contr>y1 x %all burn ! m brightly2 or1 r1 to speak m correctly--= "h no su* contra/ f9ds a place--x is ! morn+-/> itself t %all exp& into ! full sun1 & illum9ate ! :ole _w ) its light4 ,wait+1 !re=e1 = ?is manife/ation1 we mu/ endure ) ! m pati5ce ! exi/+ discord s long z our lot is plac$ amid x1 & %[ great] mod]ation t[>d x1 s9ce we are subject to x 9 hope4 ,only let me n be ?\ght ( z recomm5d+ a spuri\s imp>tiality1 :i*1 9 tru?1 is little bett] ?an a culpable indiff]5ce to que/ions ! mo/ important t c agitate our own g5]ation & all humanity--or ! indiscrim9at+ contempt ( an arrogat$ sup]iority1 :i* is ev5 /ill m (f5sive & baneful to tru? ?an ! mo/ vehem5t adoption ( ei!r ( ! conflict+ views1 if associat$ ) hone/y ( purpose & conviction4 ,z little1 too1 w\ld ,i be ?\ght to favor ! presumptu\s decisions ( individuals1 :i*1 adopt+ a peculi> pr9ciple1 or1 z x is /yl$1 a high] po9t ( view1 ev5 ?\gh occasionally x does ju/ice to ea* 9 "p1 yet on ! :ole mat]ially wrongs !m bo?4 ,9 ! fir/ ages ( ?is intellectual disease1 great names 7 array$ on ei!r side2 & t ?r\gh all its v>iations brilliant tal5ts & sci5tific atta9m5ts ma9ta9$ ! conflict1 :ile !re 0 mu* t 0 false & wrong 9 bo? p>ties1 is equally unque/ionable4 ,b :at avails ! unrighte\sness ( man aga9/ ! righte\sness ( ! cause1 :51 z we mu/1 we reg>d ! latt] z ! cause ( ,god8 ,! pa9ful feature ( ! conflict is ! fact t1 9 a c]ta9 measure1 ,god ,himself has become ! object ( man's rancor & animosity4 ,9 sacr$ lore & tradition1 b pre-em95tly 9 revelation1 ,god ,himself became z x 7 a *ild2 & 9 ! *ildlike language ( ! he>t1 & 9 ! mo/ confid+ mann]1 gave ,himself into ! h&s ( m54 ,b n[1 ev5 ?is m>vel\s *ild & ! div9e ^w is ne> be+ torn asund] by ! disputants1 l ! *ild 9 ! old /ory or p>able4 ,two mo!rs1 we are told1 came & /ood be=e ! k+1 disput+ viol5tly ^: 0 ! *ild t _h be5 ov]laid1 & ^: 0 ! liv+ "o4 ,b ! true "m1 = bo? _h fall5 asleep 9 ! night1 0 recogniz$ by h] pray] t ! *ild might n be divid$ 9 two by ! sword ( ju/ice1 b pref]r$ t h] son %\ld live1 ev5 ?\gh %e mu/ lose x by resign+ x to ! o!r4 ,:]eupon ! k+ ord]$ 8 (fic]s 9 no wise to slay ! liv+ *ild1 b to give x to h] :o by h] love _h prov$ h]self its "m4#dc ,b = u ! great s5t5ce :i* is to decide all controv]sies1 & c alone put an end to ?is discord1 is n yet pron\nc$4 ,b1 9 tru?1 ! m confirm$ symptoms ( ! deep5+ intellectual /rife :i* m>k ! pres5t g5]ation1 furni% "o pro( ! m ( ! ne> approa* ( ! day ( f9al decision4 ,& !n ! p]fect triumph ( div9e revelation & ! fi]y baptism ( ! ,_s1 :i* 9 ^? la/ days %all be adm9i/]$1 %all br+ ) x ! long-promis$ univ]sal peace ( ! s\l :5 "u a div9e lead]--! invisible ,"o n[ become visible--all t hope 9 ,him1 ( all k9dr$s & families1 %all be reunit$ 9 ,him 9 "o love & "o fell[%ip4 ,a univ]sal & p]fect peace l ?is1 :i*1 accord+ to reveal$ tru?1 is ! la/ t is to be imp>t$ to ! human race1 & is ev5 to cont9ue = ev]1 mu/1 x is natural to suppose1 be prec$$ by a viol5t b clos+ conflict4 ,& d we n 9 our own age see su* a "o develop+ itself 9 a mann] unp>allel$ by all t h gone be=e 9 x8 ,to ?is conflict ( our age1 !n1 ,i mu/ n[ devote a few words1 & consid] pre-em95tly ! relations subsi/+ betwe5 x & sci5ce4 ,9 _m & v>i\s ways1 unque/ionably1 0 ! _s ( man call$ ^u 9 ?is beautiful era ( ! re/oration ( sci5ce to consid] itself ripe & mature2 its feel+s1 too1 answ]$ to ! call1 &1 9 "s respects1 p]haps x 0 ev5 s4 ,b let u exam9e ! matt] by ! same law ( s\nd reason t we %\ld judge ( a correspond+ case 9 ord9>y & social life4 ,let u suppose a y\? to h atta9$ 8 legal majority1 or1 p]haps1 by 8 fa!r's w1 decl>$ ( age at a /ill e>li] p]iod4 ,is x "r = him1 all at once1 to =get ! love :]e) 8 "m has nurs$ & re>$ him8 ,is x "r 9 him1 mis9t]pret+ altoge!r ! motive ( 8 fa!r's dy+ wi%1 to ca/ (f & trample "u foot all ! wise & useful lessons ) :i*1 accord+ to ! measure ( 8 ye>s1 8 m9d 0 /or$ at s*ool1 m]ely because he has rem>k$ or exp]i5c$ t !re is mu* 9 life :i* 0 n t\*$ ^u 9 8 s*ool-le>n+8 ,if we saw ?is 9 private life1 %\ld we n =m a v bad op9ion ( su* a y\? :o s sudd5ly ?r[s (f all re/ra9t1 & take c>e t soon] or lat] he %\ld fall "u ano!r & /rict] ov]sight1 s9ce he has all at once outgr[n p>5tal control4 ,:y1 !n1 %\ld we =m a diff]5t judgm5t 9 ! realm ( sci5ce & tru?8 ,all eyes & univ]sal expectation 7 direct$ to ?is re/oration ( sci5ce4 ,& ^! hopes 7 "r 9 s f> z ?r\gh ! lapse ( ^! la/ times :i* are ha/5+ to a close1 ! c\rse & trial ( human nature are ev5 to lie !re94 ,b if1 z already po9t$ out1 !y fell into a grave error1 :o1 ev5 :ile !y kept )9 ! b\nds ( fai?1 look$ ^u ! promis$ completion & f9al triumph ( ! div9e & et]nal revelation 9 ! light ( a new manife/ation ( tru?1 & almo/ z a new religion2 f> great] 0 ! ab]ration ( ^? :o =m$ ! conception (1 & hop$ to atta9 to1 an ev]-advanc+ sci5ce altoge!r )\t ,god1 or at lea/ "o :i*1 proce$+ side by side ) ,him1 %\ld nev] come into vital contact ) ,him6 ,b m5 c n ?us pass along by ! side ( ,omnipot5ce1 )\t com+ into contact ) him2 & e ef=t to rise into ! high] regions ( tru?1 :i* is begun & int5d$ to rema9 :olly )\t ,god1 w1 soon] or lat]1 be direct$ aga9/ ,him4 ,& e bran* ( k1 & m especially ! highe/1 if x be )\t ,god1 is b a false light ( ! m9d gei/1 :i* w only too soon beguile x into ! old5 d>kness ( ! s\l4 ,& s x came to pass !n4 ,= "u ?is smoo? surface ( a seem+ moral mildness1 ! lurk+ poison sudd5ly broke out1 z x 71 by a fe>ful conspiracy ( ! times1 spread+ its contagion f> & wide1 & corrupt+ e ?+ t came )9 its rea*--ev5 z x _h be5 pr$ict$ ( x 9 ! second book ( ! future4#dd ,= ev5 out ( ! /ruggle ( good aga9/ evil1 ! latt] sudd5ly arose aga9 9 a new & unexpect$ %ape1 com+ =?1 z x 71 out ( ! sea1 & ! moral _w 0 trans=m$ into a sea ( blood4 ,& s1 inde$1 9 ^! prophetic pages1 x is pr$ict$ ( ! enigmas ( ! la/ days4 ,n[1 ?r\gh\t ?is great cata/rophe ( ! _w1 s f> z x c be reg>d$ z a peculi> & especial1 b hi/orical w>n+ f ,god1 & a revelation ( ! div9e w1 we may trace1 among ! bett] dispos$1 ! same gradation ( illum9ation1 advanc+ ?r\gh ! asc5d+ s]ies ( s5se1 s\l1 & _s1 t we h already notic$1 on a l>g] scale1 9 ! c\rse ( ! hi/ory ( mank9d4 ,! s5ses ( _m individuals become1 inde$1 m & m op51 ! m cle>ly !y recogniz$1 by its hi/orical *>act]s1 ! fatal abyss to :i* ! age ( ! _w 0 draw+ nigh4 ,! epo* ( ! re/oration 01 moreov]1 foll[$ by a g5]al revolution 9 ! s5tim5ts1 ! moral pr9ciples1 & prevail+ pursuits ( m54 ,! ?ird /ep1 h[ev]1 ( a "r & true k :i*1 f ! position ( a full sci5tific enlight5m5t ( ! m9d or _s1 %\ld p5etrate into ! pr(\nde/ dep?s ( tru?1 is /ill want+1 or at any rate exi/s z yet only 9 a v imp]fect degree4 ,?is prop]ty is ! defective po9t 9 ! problem ( ! age1 & 9 all attempts hi!rto made to solve x4 ,! false sci5ce1 ev5 t unhuman & godless sci5ce :i* has be5 already describ$1 c only be ov]come & conqu]$ by ! true4 ,! m]e me?od ( negation--:i*1 g5]ally1 inde$1 is seldom ! "r "o--is "h1 too1 insuffici5t = ! purpose4 ,& s1 9 fact1 :5 cl\ds ( du/ d>k5 ! air1 or sw>ms ( noxi\s insects fill x1 x may suffice if ! goodman ( ! h\se %uts to 8 casem5t1 z he may lawfully d1 ev5 because x is 8 own2 b :5 ! fe>ful ?und]/orm is l[]+ 9 ! heav5s1 ! clos$ w9d[ w b little insure ! safety ( 8 dwell+1 unless he has m wisely provid$ aga9/ ! dang]1 by a good lightn+-conductor4 ,b :at is t8 ,& h[ came man fir/ to ?9k ( x8 ,:y1 by /udy+ ! electrical ph5om5a1 & arriv+ at a full und]/&+ ( its nature1 & s1 9 ob$i5ce to its laws1 contriv+ a c\nt]act+ & div]t+ ag5t = ! electric curr5t1 & conv]t+ ! natural action ( ! ?reat5+ elem5t into an in/rum5t ( protection4 ,& j 9 ! same way w a true wisdom proce$ 9 ! doma9 ( sci5ce & tru?4 ,x is only by a good p[]1 ( a l k9d & simil> action to its own1 t ! supremacy ( evil c be ov]come4 ,ev51 !re=e1 & to ?is purport 0 ! e>ne/ w>n+ utt]$ by ! m\? ( ,tru? ,itself aga9/ ^? :o1 al?\gh !y sat 9 ,moses's seat1 nei!r w5t 9 !mselves nor suff]$ o!rs t 7 ent]+ to g 94#de ,& :at a diff]5t picture does ,holy ,writ set be=e u 9 ! noble example ( ,moses6 ,no d\bt ! prep>ation = ! "w to :i* he 0 to be call$1 ( lead+ successfully ! p intru/$ to him by ,god out ( _! ,egyptian d>kness ?r\gh ! fe>ful ,r$ ,sea & all ! w&]+s 9 ! wild]ness1 to ! bord]s ( ! promis$ l&1 0 ev5 ! =ty ye>s ( solitude among ! noble pa/oral p ) :om he sp5t ! long p]iod ( 8 exile4 ,b /ill x is n )\t a deep significance t x is writt5 t ! daught] ( ! ,egyptian mon>*1 hav+ adopt$ ! f\ndl+ ( ! wat]s1 br\ght him up & educat$ him z h] own son4 ,s1 too1 assur$ly is x n )\t design t x is said s emphatically ( him1 t he 80 le>n$ 9 all ! wisdom ( ! ,egyptians40#df ,9 ! fir/ place1 we h good reason to rejoice at & to ackn[l$ge ! compreh5sive _s & wide /&>d ( judgm5t :i* ,holy ,writ "h sets up4 ,= :]eas x passes a sev]] s5t5ce ( reprobation on ! ,egyptians ?an on any o!r hea!n nation or p1 = _! moral depravity1 x yet ackn[l$ges t !y possess$ a sci5tific wisdom1 :i* amply rew>d$ ! labor ( its acquisition1 :ile x prov$ ! v errors :]e) 9 _! extreme corruption !y _h ov]load$ x1 to be only ! m culpable & des]v+ ( puni%m5t4 ,%all[ & sup]ficial skeptics may1 inde$1 z _m h already done1 avail !mselves ( su* an admission1 & cry1 8,!re6 x is pla9 en\gh--,moses borr[$ e ?+ f ,egypt & ! hi]oglyphics40 ,b ?is is n ! case4 ,no d\bt bo? ! fir/ t5 & ! la/ twelve lett]s ( ! ,hebrew alphabet are hi]oglyphics1 z _! v names indicate2 b 9 its prim>y natural roots1 nev]!less1 &1 above all1 9 its :ole _s1 & /ructure1 & tone1 ?is language diff]s widely f ! hi]oglyphical ,egyptian4 ,c]ta9ly ,moses did le>n f ,egypt all t !re 0 = him to le>n4 ,& ?is le>n+ enabl$ him ! m easily to disp]se ! ?ick ,egyptian d>kness1 & ! less cause1 consequ5tly1 _h he to fe> ! false arts ( ! ,egyptian magicians & s]p5t-*>m]s4 ,he took f !m all t 0 available = 8 purpose1 b he made x q new aga91 & gave x ano!r nature by ! end to :i* he employ$ x4 ,he despoil$ !m ( _! 8jewels ( gold & jewels ( silv]10 by a !ft p]missible 9 ! realm ( sci5ce & tru?4 ,= x is lawful = man to wre/ f ! evil p[] all t may be conv]t$ into a means ( honor+ ! ?+s ( ,god & ,8 reveal$ tru?1 & :i* !reby is bett] employ$1 spiritualiz$1 & inve/$ ) a high] & bett] significance4 ,?is is true ev5 ( our own days1 z x 0 !n1 &1 inde$1 always has be54 ,oh1 t ! _m great m5 :o1 9 our own g5]ation1 h des]v$ s well ( mank9d1 by devot+ !mselves to ! noble "w ( re-e/abli%+ "r s5tim5ts & pr9ciples1 _h1 9 ?is _! good design1 foll[$ ! great example set !m by ?is man s highly pref]r$ ( ,god6 ,b1 ) "o or two exceptions1 x is impossible to boa/ ( !m t1 l ,moses1 !y 7 8le>n$ 9 all ! wisdom ( ! ,egyptians40 ,& h5ce ! fact is at once explicable :y1 ) su* ard5t & unb\nd$ zeal1 !y %\ld h effect$ comp>atively s little aga9/ ! mod]n ,egyptians1 & ! new ,egyptian d>kness ( our own days4 ,an intellectual conflict ab\t tru?1 &1 inde$1 ab\t div9e tru?1 is ! /ruggle ( our age4 ,?is fact is already se5 & admitt$ by a few1 b1 ere long1 x w be /ill m g5]ally ackn[l$g$4 ,god is a _s ( tru?2 & ev5 on ?is acc\nt is ,8 adv]s>y1 ! _s ( contradiction1 t]m$ 8a li> f ! beg9n+20 &1 ( all ! p[]ful in/rum5ts & wick$ devices ( t evil "o1 ! lie is ! fir/ & *iefe/4 ,& ?is sugge/s to me to notice1 9 pass+1 a po9t 9 ! moral sy/ems ( our day1 not)/&+ t x does n prop]ly lie )9 our prescrib$ limits4 ,9 mo/ ( our e?ical treatises ! "q ( falsehood & untru? is b c>elessly treat$1 & seldom discuss$ ) t prom95ce & gravity :i* its great importance dem&s4 ,ov]t transgressions ( ! laws belong r to jurisprud5ce ?an to e?ics1 :i* prop]ly treats ( & analyzes ! lead+ faults ( human "* z s _m diseases ( ! s\l4 ,n[1 ! wor/ among ^! are usually d5om9at$ mortal1 i4e41 likely to br+ ! s\l unto dea?2 b ! lie1 9 ! full import ( ! t]m--! intr9sic prop] lie ( ! s\l1 z ! pr$om9ant fault 9 a "* ( untru?--a :ole life become1 z x 71 "o great lie1 is f> m ?an mortal--x is ev5 dea? itself4 ,& x is ev5 ( ?is s9--?is secret revolt+ aga9/ & w\nd+ ( ! ,_s1 ev5 ! div9e ,_s ( ,et]nal ,tru?--t is said 9 ,holy ,writ1 t x %all be =giv5 nei!r 9 ?is _w nor 9 ! next4 ,on ?is po9t1 !n1 ,i ?9k t moral !ory & tea*+ c nev] be /]n & rigor\s en\gh 9 its precepts1 especially z reg>ds individuals4 ,x is n1 inde$1 a "q ab\t words1 b ab\t _! int]pretation1 & :at is meant by ^? :o use !m2 & 9 ?is respect !re may be1 & (t5 is a false & ov]-scrupul\s delicacy ( consci5ce4 ,:51 h[ev]1 we rememb] h[1 9 p>ticul> ages ( hi/ory1 oa?s h be5 play$ )--millions ( oa?s lavi%ly pr(f]$ & %ortly retak5 9 q a diff]5t & opposite s5se1 & soon aga9 abjur$ ) z little difficulty2 & :5 we consid] ! evil effects ?is trifl+ ) ! mo/ solemn ( obligations mu/ h _h on ! moral "* ( a p1 we c n b see "s excuse 9 ?is mon/r\s fact = c]ta9 small communities ( ,*ri/ians :o absolutely refuse to take an oa? 9 any case4 ,= :51 9 ! important po9t ( tru? & falsehood1 a grave error has be5 committ$ on "o side1 x is bett] to meet x on ! o!r by too great /rictness4 ,a rigor\s sev]ity c nev] entail su* fe>ful consequ5ces 9 su* a case1 z ! opposite fault ( an ov]-indulg5t laxity1 or1 :at is ev5 /ill m false & errone\s1 ! reg>d+ ! matt] z trifl+ & indiff]5t4 ,b ! fur!r prosecution ( ?is topic w\ld lead me out ( my prop] prov9ce1 & ,i h only t\*$ ^u x 9 pass+ to t :i* lies m imm$iately be=e u4 ,if1 !n1 !re is no?+ s dang]\s to ! "* ( an individual1 bo? inw>dly & outw>dly--if !re is no?+ t works s insidi\sly1 convey+ its secret poison to ! v l[e/ roots & extremities ( ! moral "*1 z untru? & ! _s ( ly+1 h[ mu* m fe>ful mu/ its malignant influ5ce prove :5 x is become ! univ]sal & prevail+ fault ( an age :i* has n only w&]$ f> f ! tru?1 b is ev5 animat$ ) a deadly hatr$ ( x6 ,x is to ?is _s ( lies1 & ! false spl5dor ( 8 colossal empire1 & to ! f9al conflict :i* tru? w h to wage ) x on e>?1 t ! mo/ awful ( ! prophecies already allud$ to ref]4 ,& ! application is easily made1 s9ce a great] "p ( _! w>n+ d5unciations h 9 our age already come to an actual fulfillm5t4 ,if1 !n1 ?is giant _s ( de/ruction & untru? 0 /rong en\gh ev5 9 8 cradle to ?rottle two qu>t]s ( ! _w1#dg :at mu/ x be n[ t ! p]mitt$ int]val ( re/ has pass$ away )\t be+ pr(itably employ$ to ! cause ( tru?1 & n[ t ?is same _s ( murd] & lies1 ) a f> great] body1 & endu$ ) f> m magical p[]s1 is let loose aga9 to tread ! e>? = a :ile ) iron feet1 & to deceive ! nations8 ,^? ^: responsible position 9 public life1 or compreh5sive sph]e ( intellectual activity1 enable !m to take 9 at "o glance all ! v>i\s elem5ts ( evil & p]nici\s pr9ciples & de/ructive t5d5cies :i* are s actively at "w 9 our days1 w n1 p]haps1 be dispos$ to reg>d ^! rem>ks z gr\ndless or exagg]at$2 o!rs1 p]haps1 may make a mock at !m--b !y may g on 9 _! delusion = a :ile4 ,9 conclusion1 ,i h b ?ree obs]vations to add4 ,! fir/ reg>ds ! div9e p]mission ( evil1 & is int5d$ to =m a supplem5t to t ,!odice :i* ,i h attempt$1 9 ! only way t su* a ju/ification ( ! div9e ways is p]missible to man1 by appeal+1 viz41 to 8 feel+s1 r ?an by attempt+ to =ce 8 conviction by ! rigor ( demon/ration4 ,! full ju/ification ( ! ways ( ,provid5ce is res]v$ = a future day1 :5 all m\?s %all be /opp$1 :e!r t awful crisis be ne> at h& or yet t>ries = a :ile4 ,if1 n[1 ! human race be actually sick & 9 a sickly /ate1 z inde$ c n well be d5i$1 !n mu/ ,god's ov]rul+ provid5ce 9 ! affairs ( ! _w be judg$ ( 9 ! same light z1 & be comp>$ to1 ! wise treatm5t ( a skillful physician4 ,= z ! latt]1 9 ! case ( a pati5t ^: dea? 0 to be appreh5d$ f a total pro/ration ( 8 bodily p[]s & en]gy1 might wi% = or ev5 v5ture to sup]-induce a viol5t p>oxysm1 9 ! hope t 9 x he might p]haps be able to ?r[ (f 8 fatal le?>gy2 ev5 s1 9 ,god's gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 ^? pr$et]m9$ c\nsels1 :i* seem s s+ul>1 b1 nev]!less1 are s expressly =etold1 may h a some:at simil> design4 ,9 ! times ( ! la/ /ruggle ! p[] ( d>kness w probably "w itself to dea? on ! e>?2 & :ile ! remnant %all come out ( ! crisis & fi]y trial pur] & heal?i]1 ! div9e tru? is to ga9 a complete triumph ov] s9 & dea?4 ,! second rem>k ,i h to make applies to ourselves & all ! well-dispos$ among our cotempor>ies1 & ref]s to ! disunion :i* subsi/s 9 ^! evil times ev5 among ! be/ ( m54 ,7 two nations ?reat5$ 9 common by a =midable enemy1 w\ld !y n1 h[ev] widely !y might diff] 91 or p]haps be e/rang$ f ea* o!r by _! respective con/itutions languages1 & cu/oms1 =get 9 ! mom5t ( dang] _! *>act]i/ic diff]5ces1 &1 lay+ aside all previ\s feel+s ( jeal\sy or e/rangem5t1 unite = _! mutual protection & safety8 ,my he>t's wi%1 !re=e1 is t all ! truly pi\s & well-wi%]s ( tru?1 on :i*ev] ( ! two sides ( ! n[ divid$ fai? !y may /&1 w\ld unite toge!r )\t sacrific+ ^? m intimate diff]5ces :i* c n at pres5t be got rid ( or reconcil$1 &1 mak+ a righte\s peace ( mutual =be>ance1 jo9 toge!r 9 a firm alliance aga9/ ! common enemy ( all tru? & all fai?4 ,= t ! de>e/ int]e/s ( religion are 9 our g5]ation expos$ to a viol5t assault1 & m5ac$ ) great & imm$iate dang]1 w n be d5i$ by any lov] ( tru?1 ev5 ?\gh 8 conception ( ! tru? may diff] f m9e4 ,la/ly1 ! ?ird obs]vation t ,i promis$ w n take ! =m ( ! utt]ance ( a wi%1 z r ( ! expression ( ! firme/ conviction1 t1 h[ev] awful & sev]e ?is f9al conflict may prove1 ! good cause w n ev5tually be lo/1 b t ! great battle w h a favorable issue 9 ! complete victory ( div9e revelation1 & ! cele/ial wisdom 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ?is k+dom ( tru? w be fully manife/ bo? to m5 & angels4 ,,lecture ,,viii4 ,,( ,,! ,,div9e ,,ord] ,,9 ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,_w ,,& ,,! ,,relations ,,( ,,/ates4 8,! hi/ory ( ! _w is ! _w's tribunal10#dh says "o ( our mo/ fam\s poets4 ,if by ^! words he meant to convey an op9ion t no o!r tribunal ( judgm5t is to be expect$ ?an t :i* is ev5 n[ set up 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 !n su* an op9ion1 imply+ t ! human race is to live =ev] 9 its pres5t /ate1 & 9 ?is p>ticul> t]re/rial life1 w\ld be ev5 z gr\ndless z t ( ! fanciful conceit t ! human race _h exi/$ f all et]nity1 if1 9 soo?1 any ( ! philosophical dream]s ( antiquity _h ev] fall5 on su* a fancy1 or1 9 mod]n times1 any ( ! antipodes to ! usual curr5t mode ( ?9k+ %\ld ev] /umble ^u x4 ,! poet himself1 z dramati/ & arti/1 w\ld b h tak5 x ill _h any "o laid be=e him a great drama1 compos$ ( sev]al acts & sc5es1 f :i*1 h[ev]1 ! beg9n+ 0 torn (f1 & :i*1 ev] go+ on1 unti$ ! exi/+ p]plexities only to fall aga9 into new & fre% complications2 or l a poor j\rnal ev] ref]r+ to a cont9uation1 _h no true end1 no conclusion or prop] t]m9ation4 ,b unque/ionably a bett] s5se is also conta9$ 9 ! poet's words4 ,he may h m]ely meant to say t ! m9d :i* rules ! c\rse ( mundane affairs is a m9d t inflicts retribution on ! _w2 & t all ! great epo*s & incid5ts ( hi/ory h a retributive "* & v9dicatory significance4#di ,su* an int]pretation ( ! words1 :i* inde$ suits well ) ! au?or's s]i\s m9d & "*1 w\ld br+ !m 9 p]fect unison ) my own s5tim5ts1 & adequately express ! tru? :i* =ms ! !me ( our pres5t consid]ation on ! div9e ord] 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human race4 ,! human race1 !n1 z x _h a beg9n+1 s also w x h an end2 x w n cont9ue =ev] 9 ?is pres5t =m1 b mu/ ev5tually come to a t]m9ation4 ,b1 to speak accord+ to ! measure ( a div9e *ronology1 :]e a ?\s& ye>s are b z "o day1 :o c say1 :o %all d>e1 (f-h&1 to decide :e!r six or sev5 ( ^! great days ( ,god are fix$ = its duration8 ,en\gh to "k t we /& on ! bord]s ( ! f\r? age1 & on ! passage f ! ?ird to ! f\r?4 ,& n unimportant is x1 on ! o!r h&1 = ! cle> und]/&+ ( ! :ole1 to =m a "r conception ( ea* ( ^!1 its great divisions & epo*s4 ,! fir/ age is made up ( ! tw5ty-five c5turies ( obscure primeval hi/ory4 ,! second1 :i* we call$ ! age ( prep>ation1 is =m$ by ! fifte5 hundr$ ye>s :i* we reckon f ! end ( ! fir/ up to ! c5t] & turn+-po9t ( ! hi/ory ( ! _w z kn[n to u1 & f :i* mod]n hi/ory takes its comm5cem5t4 ,ev5 9 ! olde/ tradition>y hi/ory ( ! ,g5tile nations ( antiquity we d n meet ) any /atem5ts t c be reli$ ^u1 or any t5able data beyond1 if inde$ s f> back z1 ! fifte5? c5tury be=e ! epo* ( ! comm5cem5t ( mod]n hi/ory4 ,! fifte5 c5turies :i* foll[ ?is epo* =m ! ?ird age1 9 :i* ?is pr9ciple ( a new life 9 ! spiritual1 moral1 & political _w _h to develop & completely to unfold itself4 ,9 ! la/ ,lecture ,i also reckon$ 9 ?is p]iod ! sixte5?1 sev5te5?1 & eighte5? c5turies ( our era4 ,b if x seems to any m advisable to consid] ^! z ! introductory portion ( ! f\r? & subsi/+ age1 !re is no?+ positively to condemn su* a mode ( reckon+2 only1 = my "p1 ,i c n b reg>d x z less correct & m inaccurate ?an ! "o :i* ,i h propos$4 ,9 "o case z well z ! o!r ! same important consid]ation w be involv$4 ,reckon+ f "s po9t or o!r )9 ^! la/ =ty ye>s1 we h1 x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ by all1 ent]$ ^u a gr& & decisive epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w2 & our att5tion c n be too (t5 or too /rongly direct$ to ! fact1 t we /& at ! critical po9t ( transition f "o great p]iod to ano!r4 ,n[ "o ( ! mo/ *>act]i/ic signs by :i* su* important mom5ts ( g5]al revolution 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w are1 = ! mo/ "p1 kn[n & di/+ui%$1 is a numb] ( great ev5ts press$ closely toge!r & foll[+ ea* o!r 9 rapid succession2 or1 9 o!r words1 ! accel]at$ c\rse ( "t4 ,x is no new rem>k1 t1 9 ! political hi/ory ( our own age1 mod]n ,europe has1 9 ! %ort space ( two-&-tw5ty ye>s1 ran ?r\gh all ! epo*s ( ! old ,roman _w1 f ! fir/ p>ty /ruggles ( ! republic1 & its long w>s ) ,c>?age1 t mi/ress ( ! seas1 up to ! imp]ial rule ( ! ,cs>s1 9 ! fir/ reigns mild & indulg5t1 b at ! la/ s fe>fully oppressive & cruel2 & ev5 up to ! f9al immigration ( ! nor!rn nations4 ,su* a simple rem>k is alone suffici5t pro( t ano!r law n[ rules 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w--a quick] life pulsates 9 its art]ies ?an beat 9 ! calm] days ( old4 ,:e!r1 h[ev]1 ?is life be ?or\ghly s\nd1 or1 on ! contr>y1 sickly & fev]i%1 t is q ano!r "q4 ,b n only 9 ! political _w1 b also 9 ! intellectual doma9 ( sci5ce has ! same accel]at$ c\rse be5 noticeable4 ,only1 z comp>$ ) t ( antiquity1 ! c\rse or direction pursu$ by mod]n sci5ce is altoge!r diff]5t4 ,we h travel$ ) equal cel]ity1 b 9 q an opposite c\rse to ! anci5ts4 ,/>t+ f ! la/ t]m1 we h rev]s$ ! s]ies ( _! m5tal progression4 ,fir/ ( all1 9 ! la/ decades ( ! prec$+ c5tury1 ! ,epicurean ca/ ( ?\ght1 or "o v ne>ly resembl+ x1 0 ! "o *iefly pr$om9ant 9 ! philosophical _w4 ,& !n1 toge!r ) b subord9ate to x1 came s*ola/ic subtilties & hair-splitt+ di/9ctions1 simil> to ^? ( ! lat] ,greek s*ools1 n unaccompani$1 p]haps1 ) ! same pati5t indu/ry ( rese>* & ext5sive erudition1 & ex]cis+ altoge!r on ! m9ds ( m5 an influ5ce no less wide1 nor less p]nici\s1 ?an did ! mo/ brilliant ( ! sophi/s ( ,greece4 ,all ! errone\s sy/ems :i* x 0 possible = ! human m9d to embrace1 & :i* are gr\nd$ 9 its ess5tial qualities1 or :i* c\ld possibly orig9ate 9 any 7s to speak7 ( its inborn misconceptions1 :i* x took ! ,greeks sev]al c5turies to evolve 9 sl[ succession1 our age has rapidly1 & almo/ simultane\sly1 run ?r\gh 9 z _m decades4 ,& 9 ?is fact1 if ,i d n greatly deceive myself1 !re is mu* gr\nd ( consolation4 ,x enc\rages me to hope t ?is inv]se progression is lead+ u back aga9 to ! tru?--t 9 ?is asc5d+ l9e we are gradually com+ ne>] to ! bett] times ( ! fir/ great philosoph]s ( ,greece--( a ,plato1 a ,socrates1 & a ,py?agoras4 ,x mu/ be self-evid5t1 t 9 ?is case1 & /ill m s 9 t analogy ( political hi/ory :i* ,i h s rec5tly notic$1 z g5]ally1 9 all su* hi/orical p>allels1 no?+ m is int5d$ to be ass]t$ ?an a g5]al resemblance1 :i*1 h[ev]1 z su*1 is em95tly rem>kable4 ,x w\ld n1 p]haps1 be difficult anxi\sly to "w out ! g5]al resemblance into po9ts ( detail1 b su* an ov]wr\ght assimilation c\ld only lead to false conclusions & results4 ,n[ t ! conflict :i* our age has to g ?r\gh is em95tly intellectual is impli$ simply 9 ! prevail+ notion ( a public op9ion & its influ5ce4 ,b1 at ! same "t1 we mu/ obs]ve1 t 9 ! v notion ( op9ion1 & 9 ! ^w itself1 !re is involv$ a c]ta9 "* ( extreme vagu5ess & unc]ta9ty4 ,no d\bt t :i* man c prop]ly be said to "k is extremely limit$ & conf9$4 ,( v mu* all t we c h is m]ely an op9ion1 & ) t mu/ we be cont5t to put up4 ,nay1 inasmu* z all sci5tific c]ta9ty admits n ( be+ imp>t$ to all m51 v mu* ( t :i* we d prop]ly & c]ta9ly "k is be/ & mo/ b5eficially set =? to o!rs m]ely z an op9ion1 9 ord] t we may n seem to =ce _! m9ds to ! admission ( ?is high] c]ta9ty4 ,& :at is !re t ! passions ( a prejudic$ or excit$ multitude c n be made to adopt z an op9ion1 :i*1 if pres5t$ to !m z a sob] conviction ( reason1 w\ld nev] make an impression8 ,s devoid are !y1 g5]ally1 ( t intellig5ce & accurate k ( m5 & ?+s :i* are ess5tial & necess>y to ! =mation ( a "r judgm5t4 ,if1 in/ead ( public op9ion 7:i*1 unque/ionably1 is a great p[]1 b :i*1 if x takes a wrong direction1 is also a v dang]\s "o71 ! appeal 7 to be made to a public consci5ce1 ?is w\ld be1 to my m9d1 f> m impressive & s]i\s4 ,to illu/rate my mean+3--! impression :i* ! ev5ts ( #agic made on ! g5]al feel+ ( all ,europe1 & ! univ]sal movem5t ( discont5t :i*1 among all ,european nations1 prec$$ ! great political cata/rophe ( our own days1 are in/ances to :i* ! old maxim1 vox populi vox ,dei1 may1 )\t hesitation1 be appli$4 ,su* feel+s are f\nd$ on a true & high] judgm5t--(t5 on a correct pres5tim5t ( evil & wrong--ev5 ?\gh1 z we mu/ admit1 t 9 _! utt]ance m or less ( passion & exagg]ation reveals itself1 & t individual prejudices are n unfrequ5tly mix$ up ) !m4 ,b n[ seldom1 9 ! ebb+ & flood+ tide1 9 ! ev]-*ang+ c\rse ( ! /ream ( public op9ion1 fl[s !re aught t truly des]ves to be call$ a public judgm5t4 ,& yet public op9ion is ev5 t on :i*1 9 ?is respect1 & relatively to ! !me ( our pres5t ,lecture1 e ?+ ma9ly & pr9cipally turns4 ,9 discuss+ ! !ory ( consci\sness a *asm rema9$1 or1 r1 0 int5tionally left op51 & ! pres5t seems ! appropriate place = fill+ x up & supply+ x4 ,! p[]1 or1 r1 ! faculty ( judgm5t has n1 z yet1 _h its place assign$ x4 ,! reason1 ) its imm$iate subord9ates1 memory & consci5ce--! fancy1 ) its subord9ates1 ! s5ses & incl9ations1 =m six faculties ( ! inn] man1 ) :i* ! und]/&+ & w make toge!r eight4 ,! n9? is ! liv+1 lov+1 feel+ s\l1 :i*1 al?\gh x be ! c5t] ( ! :ole consci\sness1 mu/1 nev]!less1 be c\nt$ z an indep5d5t & peculi> faculty4 ,z = ! he>t ,gemu?--z "s peculi>ly designate ! collective sum ( ! t5d]1 moral emotions ( ! s\l1 & :i*1 at any rate1 mu/ be c>efully di/+ui%$ f ! consci5ce1 & also f love--x is1 h[ev]1 a k9d ( application ( ! triple relation & function ( ! s\l r ?an an indep5d5t faculty4 ,b ! t5? faculty1 :i* completes ! :ole cycle & !ory ( ! human consci\sness1 & :i* may be reg>d$ z its cr[n & p]fection1 is ! judgm5t1 or1 9 o!r words1 ! judg+ m9d gei/4 ,b n[1 if ?is t]m judgm5t be und]/ood purely 9 a logical s5se1 z t process ( ?\ght :i* =ms comb9ations & d$uctions1 & by means ( :i* we ascribe to a subject ,a a pr$icate ,b1 ?is w\ld fall v f> %ort ( ! signification 9 :i* ,i "h int5d x to be tak54 ,moreov]1 x w\ld be1 9 tru?1 q a sup]flu\s task to sep>ate ?is cogitative relation1 or ?is relative cogitation1 f ! o!r logical functions ( ! und]/&+1 & to make ( x a special & indep5d5t faculty4 ,! judgm5t is some?+ high] ?an ?is m]e c\pl+ 9 ! ?\ght ( "s special ,a ) "s g5]al ,b4 ,und]/&+ is ! cognition ( _s & ( t :i* x has utt]$2 & judgm5t is ! decision betwe5 two ?+s und]/ood1 or ! 8disc]n+ ( spirits40 ,( h[ great a multitude ( intellectual relations does a sci5tific or ev5 an arti/ic judgm5t imply ! co9cid5ce & concurr5t action6 ,& yet ^! are m]ely private judgm5ts1 :i* involve an ass5t+ feel+ 9 ! individual1 b beyond t c n pret5d to any valid au?ority4 ,9 practical life ! judicial function 9 ! /ate alone furni%es an adequate /&>d = e/imat+ ! high rank :i* ! faculty ( judgm5t holds z ! c5t] ( ! human consci\sness4 ,=1 9 ! delib]ative s5t5ce ( ! judge !re is compris$ bo? ! mature art ( ! und]/&+--:i* has tak5 due cognizance ( ! matt]1 & imp>tially disc]n$ betwe5 two objects equally well und]/ood--& also a det]m9ation ( ! w3 =1 ?\gh ! actual c>ry+ into effect--t :i* prop]ly & peculi>ly con/itutes a will+--belong n to1 b is indep5d5t (1 ! judge's (fice1 /ill ! conclusion ( a positive judgm5t implies ! exi/5ce ( ! fir/ det]m9+ motive ( ! w4 ,9 ?is "o act ( judg+1 !re=e1 !re is conta9$ bo? functions ( ! m9d gei/1 und]/&+ & will+2 & z ! lov+ s\l is ! c5t] ( ! consci\sness1 s ! judg+ m9d1 or _s1 is ! highe/ ( all its op]ations4 ,9 ! ,book ( ,tru? !re is a s5t5ce :i* admits ( application "h4 8,!re is none good10 x is !re writt51 8b "o1 t is1 ,god40 ,h[ev] h>% & sev]e ?is judgm5t may s\nd at ! fir/ he>+1 /ill1 ^u a little reflection1 we %all see ample cause to admit its ju/ice4 ,man is n :olly & purely good2 at ! v be/ he is n free f faults1 & m or less ( imp]fection cleaves to all t he does or is4 ,& ev5 grant+ t a man might be f\nd devoid ( all admixture ( imp]fection1 & q faultless & ?or\ghly good1 /ill he 0 n s always & f ! fir/4 ,& ev5 if any %\ld "h urge t ! angels1 :o h cont9u$ su* z !y 7 orig9ally creat$1 7 good f ! beg9n+1 we mu/ rememb] t1 at lea/1 !y are n good 9 & by !mselves1 b t1 t !y are good1 comes f ,god1 :o is ! s\rce ( all goodness4 ,n[1 j 9 ! same s5se c we also say1 ,:o judges rightly8 ,!re is none t judges rightly b "o1 i4e41 ,god4 ,he is ,himself ! tru?2 &1 !re=e1 ,he alone has ! /&>d ( tru? 9 ,himself1 & all tru? has its gr\nd & pr9ciple 9 ,him alone4 ,e individual judgm5t & decision1 9 all important matt]s1 has its gr\nd1 ei!r m$iately or imm$iately1 9 ?is div9e basis1 & its rectitude mu/ be e/imat$ accord+ to ?is /&>d4 ,b ?is latt] condition ne$ n make u fooli%ly anxi\s1 = no?+ impossible is requir$ ( u by ,god2 & ?is requisition1 l e o!r :i* ,he lays ^u man1 is modifi$ by1 & adju/$ to1 ! measure ( human f9it5ess4 ,! consci5ti\s judge1 :o1 aft] a pati5t inve/igation ( ! cause z x is laid be=e him1 & aft] a c>eful weigh+ ( all ! possible reasons & motives1 nev]!less errs1 or is deceiv$ by a r>e co9cid5ce ( circum/ances1 /&s1 nev]!less1 exon]at$1 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld h pass$ an unju/ s5t5ce1 & h _h ! mis=tune to condemn ! innoc5t4 ,al?\gh1 :5 he becomes aw>e ( x1 ! ?\ght mu/ be pa9ful en\gh to 8 own feel+s1 yet :o1 9 ju/ice1 c reproa* him m]ely because he 0 n omnisci5t8 ,he :o1 9 ?\ght1 9 sci5ce1 & 9 fai?1 adh]es to ?is div9e f\ndation--! be/ & mo/ c]ta9 t he c f9d1 or t is any :]e (f]$ to him1 may re/ calm & compos$2 he has done ! utmo/ t lies 9 8 p[]4 ,he alone1 :o makes a bad use ( :at he has & :at has be5 giv5 to him1 l an unju/ /ew>d1 ne$ fe> to give an acc\nt ( 8 /ew>d%ip4 ,?is ref]5ce ( all judicial s5t5ces to1 & _! f\ndation 9 a div9e au?ority1 is an idea :i* 0 n unkn[n ev5 to ! republican /ates ( antiquity1 z is evid5t f ! way !y express$ !mselves on ! irrefragable sanctity ( ! laws & ! inviolability ( ! supreme judicial p[]1 & also 9 ! maxims :i* !y practically advanc$ on ?is subject4 ,!y honor$ h]e9 a high] & a div9] pr9ciple1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 9 !ory !y possess$ no cle> & p]fect k1 ?\gh 9 practical life !y 7 taught by a correct feel+ ( s\nd reason & ! natural consci5ce accurately en\gh to recognize & /eadily & di/9ctly to respect x4 ,) u /ill m g5]ally is x become an admitt$ doctr9e t all sov]eignty & k+ly p[] is ( ,god1 & t all ob$i5ce to ! laws & to ! supreme au?ority 9 ! /ate re/s ultimately on a div9e f\ndation & sanction4 ,if v rec5tly m5 7 = a :ile dispos$ to argue t political in/itutions mu/ be f\nd$ on ! reason & its unconditional lib]ty1 yet bitt] exp]i5ce quickly conv9c$ !m ( _! error1 & x 0 soon fully refut$ by ! conv9c+ argum5t ( actual fact4 ,&1 accord+ly1 !ory has = ! mo/ "p rev]t$ to a "r pr9ciple1 & recogniz$ ! div9e au?ority z ! true f\ndation ( political au?ority4 ,b ! pr9ciple be+ ?us g5]ally recogniz$1 x is1 ,i ?9k1 /ill necess>y to di/+ui% ) c>e & accurately to def9e 9 :at s5se ! supreme rul] ( ! /ate is ! viceg]5t ( ,god4 ,! indef9ite titles :i* are assum$ by ,ea/]n despots h always be5 ali5 to ! habits ( ! ,we/4 ,b x is n en\gh to avoid su* exagg]at$ titles ( honor1 if1 nev]!less1 ! appeal to div9e "r be made s v vaguely1 & simply 9 g5]al t]ms to ,god himself4 ,9 ,8 absolute ess5ce1 ,god is :olly inconceivable2 x is only 9 8 op]ations on man & nature1 & 9 ,8 relations to ! human race1 t we c at all ?9k precisely ( ,him4 ,x is only z ,creator ( ! _w1 z ! ,lawgiv] ( nature1 or z ! ,b5efactor & ,r$eem] ( mank9d1 & s =?1 t we c =m a cle> & di/9ct notion ( ! ,godhead4 ,n[1 is ! supreme rul] ( ! /ate ,god's deputy z ,creator ( ! _w8 ,:o w\ld v5ture to ass]t any ?+ ( ! k9d8 ,x is true t ! pat]nal rule ( ! e>?ly p>5t1 & ! univ]sal feel+ among all peoples & nations ( ! sanctity ( a fa!r's au?ority1 re/s on a resemblance--:i* is1 h[ev]1 only symbolical--betwe5 8 relation & t ( our unse5 ,fa!r :i* is 9 heav54 ,& x is no less true1 also1 t ! reign ( a truly pat]nal mon>* ov] 8 p may be reg>d$ z a m]e amplification ( ! fa!r's gov]nm5t ( 8 family2 a good k+ is ! fa!r ( 8 p4 ,b su* remote1 al?\gh mo/ significant analogies1 furni% u ) no precise notion ( "r2 & x is on su* alone t ! :ole "q "h turns4 ,no d\bt :5 a p is gov]n$ well & wisely--:i* is ev5 ! same z to say1 pat]nally gov]n$--x exhibits a wond]ful p[] ( natural developm5t2 productive indu/ry fl\ri%es1 population increases1 & its physical & m5tal cultivation advances rapidly4 ,unfavorable seasons may und\bt$ly *eck ?is t5d5cy1 & x w be entirely /opp$ z soon z ! subject refuses to foll[ ) lov+ confid5ce ! guid+ h& ( ! pat]nal mon>*4 ,:5ev] !y ^: duty x is to obey seek to be supreme1 !n are ! natural en]gies ( a great p transmut$ into a fe>ful elem5t ( univ]sal desolation4 ,if n[ we inquire 9 ! next place h[ f> x is all[able to comp>e ! highe/ au?ority 9 ! /ate to ! ,lawgiv] ( nature1 we %all f9d t ev5 9 ?is respect ! diff]5ce is s v great t analogy almo/ entirely fails u4 ,holy1 unque/ionably1 are ! laws ( e political community 9 respect to ! duty ( ob$i5ce :i* !y suppose & require2 b ?is is n paid spontane\sly & naturally1 b ne$s to be en=c$ & ma9ta9$ by pa9s & p5alties4 ,& n to speak ( ! /em laws ( retributive ju/ice1 b r ( ^? mild & equitable enactm5ts design$ = ! g5]al b5efit & ! improvem5t ( ! :ole community2 ^! are /ill m subject to ! imp]fection & manifold *anges ( human ?+s4 ,suppose1 = in/ance1 a measure promulgat$ 9 any c\ntry ) ! design ( balanc+ 9 "s degree ! agricultural & ! manufactur+ int]e/s--h[ev] wisely design$1 x is f\nd )9 a few ye>s to h totally fail$2 "u x mis]y has b increas$ on bo? sides1 & ! law mu/ be repeal$ or modifi$4 ,b x is n s ) ! laws :i* ,god has implant$ 9 ! sy/em ( ! univ]se3 !y nev] fail ( _! int5d$ effect4 ,d we fur!r ask 9 :at1 if 9 any respect1 ! e>?ly sov]eign is ! deputy ( ,god1 z ,r$eem]1 ,emancipator1 & ,lib]ator8 ,a notion ( grace & m]cy does1 we mu/ admit1 atta* itself to our idea ( supreme au?ority2 & 9 ?is respect x pres5ts a sort ( analogy & resemblance to ! idea ( ! ,godhead4 ,prop]ly speak+1 h[ev]1 ! ex]cise ( grace & m]cy =ms an exception to ! g5]al rule ( man's sov]eignty1 & belongs to him only 9 8 special function z adm9i/rator ( ju/ice4 ,moreov]1 ! mo/ pat]nal & b5efic5t ( e>?ly rul]s c at mo/ provide only = ! physical happ9ess ( 8 p4 ,he may alleviate or av]t heavy calamities1 or procure _m temporal bless+s & advantages = 8 subjects2 b ! unhappy s\l c be help$ by ,"o alone4 ,! di/9ction ,i h j made w become m app>5t by means ( a contra/4 ,:]ev] ! cl]gy are n reg>d$ m]ely z tea*]s ( ! p1 b z is ! case 9 ! great] "p ( ,we/]n & ( ,ea/]n ,*ri/5dom1 z prie/s speak+ ) a div9e au?ority1 ?is _! public viceg]5cy relates prim>ily & imm$iately to ! ,r$eem]2 its judicial functions ov] ! consci5ce ought to %un a visible publicity1 & to be left entirely to ! consci5ce & gu>d$ by its seal ( secrecy4 ,& 9 ?is respect lies ! di/9ctive peculi>ity ( ! relation subsi/+ betwe5 ! supreme au?ority 9 ! /ate & ,god1 :i*1 h[ev]1 ref]s pre-em95tly to ,8 attribute ( ju/ice4 ,& "h x is no m]e remote analogy & weak resemblance1 dep5d5t on ! pr9ciple ( human weakness & imp]fection2 b x is a true & real viceg]5cy1 publicly admitt$ & recogniz$1 & ex]cis+ consequ5tly a great public influ5ce4 ,& !re=e x is1 t among ! div]s elem5ts or bran*es ( ! supreme political au?ority 7:i*1 h[ev]1 fundam5tally & 9 its ess5ce is "o & indivisible71 a special sanctity is1 z ,i h already rem>k$1 ascrib$ to its judicial functions4 ,9 a ^w1 ! e>?ly head ( ! /ate is ! disp5s] ( ! div9e ju/ice1 ! viceg]5t ( ! ,judge ( ! _w2 he is a div9e function>y1 &1 s to say1 ! supreme judge 9 ! _w's tribunal4 ,& ?is is ! po9t ( view f :i* all matt]s & que/ions connect$ ) ?is subject may mo/ fully be answ]$ & mo/ correctly det]m9$4 ,b t ?is exalt$ dignity ( ! e>?ly rul] may n be int]pret$ too lit]ally1 ,i mu/ "h obs]ve1 t ! div9e ,judge is "o :o all[s m]cy to take ! place ( ju/ice1 n m]ely occasionally1 & by way ( exception1 b always & inv>iably2 s long1 at lea/1 z x is 9 any way possible4 ,& "h comes 9 ! application ( ! pr9ciple :i* we previ\sly advanc$3--,t ,god is 9 n[ise absolute1 b t on ! contr>y ,8 ju/ice is 9 e case limit$ by ,8 love & grace2 :ile ! latt] aga9 is re/rict$ & modifi$ by ,8 ju/ice1 & bo?1 inde$1 reciprocally by ea* o!r4 ,:oev] has =m$ 9 8 he>t ! lea/ vivid notion ( ,god w n ent]ta9 ! slighte/ d\bt ( ?is union ( ju/ice & ( m]cy 9 ! div9e ess5ce4 ,:51 h[ev]1 we speak ( k+s be+ ! disp5s]s ( div9e ju/ice1 we mean x 9 q a diff]5t s5se f t 9 :i*1 dur+ ! great immigration ( ! nor!rn hordes ( ,asia1 ! b>b>ian conqu]or proclaim$ himself ! sc\rge ( ,god4 ,by assum+ ?is title he m]ely meant to t]rify 8 adv]s>ies by ! ?\ght ( hav+ to enc\nt] 9 himself a fe>ful & de/ructive p[] ( evil1 :om1 9 ord] to *a/ise a deg5]ate _w1 ! ,almighty _h p]mitt$ to d z he pleas$ & to let loose 8 fury on ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,& ph5om5a ( ?is k9d are n conf9$ to ! p]iod ( ! great migration2 = ! true notion ( ! repres5tation ( ! div9e ,judge ( ! _w by ! supreme p[] 9 ! /ate comb9es toge!r ) ! /]ne/ sev]ity ( ju/ice1 :i* 9 ?is respect is bo? :olesome & necess>y1 ! greate/ clem5cy--= :]e is !re1 or c !re be1 a clem5cy great] ?an ! div9e8 ,b mo/ especially does ?is idea imply t :i* is "h pre-em95tly requisite1 & insi/s ) a prom95ce proportionate to its great importance on ! /ricte/ consci5ti\sness 9 ! dis*>ge ( ! duties ( ?is viceg]5cy4 ,b ! sup]ior excell5ce ( ?is idea ov] _m o!r explanations ( a simil> k9d1 b labor+ "u ! defect ( extreme vagu5ess1 consi/s ev5 9 ?is1 t x comprises & insep>ably comb9es ^? two important conditions1 bo? t ! supreme gov]nor is responsible to ,god alone1 &1 z foll[+ !refrom1 t he is unque/ionably responsible to ,him1 & t x also det]m9es 9 :at s5se & 9 :at way he is s4 ,e great & rem>kable ev5t :i* m>ks an epo* 9 ! political hi/ory ( nations & ! _w1 may1 p]haps1 be reg>d$ z a disp5sation ( ju/ice4 ,if1 !n1 su* an ev5t1 h[ev] p>tial & conf9$ to a s+le p or empire1 or at mo/ ext5d+ to an entire age1 may be look$ ^u z a sign ( judgm5t already comm5c+1 or at lea/ ( a retribution ?reat5+1 b m]cifully susp5d$1 ! same mode ( consid]ation may1 ) z good reason1 be appli$ to e resolution ( ! political _w on ! grave que/ions ( peace & w>3 = ! p[] ( mak+ w> & peace is1 at all ev5ts1 ! peculi> & *>act]i/ic pr]ogative ( ! supreme au?ority 9 ! /ate4 ,n[1 ! simple/ /&>d1 p]haps1 ( judg+ ( ! ju/ice ( ei!r is1 if we may s speak1 to ask1 ,is ! proclamation ( w> or ! treaty ( peace s entirely f\nd$ on tru?1 s p]fectly correspond5t to ! righte\s & judicial "* ( ,god1 t man ne$ n fe> to lay !m be=e ! ,judge ( ! :ole _w = ,8 ratification8 ,if su* be ! case1 !n mo/ assur$ly are !y "r & righte\s1 :atev] be _! consequ5ces1 or :atev] be ! judgm5t t m5 may pass ^u !m4 ,b1 o!rwise1 if ! manife/o ( w> conta9 no?+ b %all[ & speci\s pretexts pa9fully rak$ toge!r1 or ( f9e-colorable phrases :i* ev5 ! eye ( ! _w c see ?r\gh1 if a light t\* ( tru? be only ?r[n ov] x 9 ! hope ( conceal+ ! conqu]or's lu/ ( aggr&izem5t1 or ! equally de/ructive pr9ciple ( an old national feud or jeal\sy--if1 9 ! pacification1 "u ambigu\s t]ms & cunn+ly-devis$ phrases1 ! se$s ( a future w> be c>efully s[n1 & ?us ! wor/ disease ( ! political _w be propagat$ & multipli$ f g5]ation to g5]ation1 !n mo/ assur$ly ! gu>dian eye ( ,et]nal ,ju/ice has n wat*$ ov] its completion1 & be/[$ on x ,8 bless+1 b ano!r & a v diff]5t coadjutor has _h 8 h& 9 ! game--! _s ( untru?1 viz41 & ( corruption1 ( /rife & ru91 :om no "n s exactly describes z t ( a 8li> f ! beg9n+40 ,n[1 z n only ! annihilation ( ! race ( giants 9 ! univ]sal deluge1 ) :i* our sacr$ hi/ory op5s1 & to :i* ! anci5t traditions ( almo/ e p allude1 m or less directly1 b also ! p>tial ov]?r[ ( a s+le nation1 ! tragical clos+ cata/rophe ( p>ticul> ages1 is1 z x 71 a prelude ( ! f9al judgm5t ( all nations & peoples ( ! e>? at ! end ( "t2 s1 on ! o!r h&1 ! orig9al corruption ( ! primal lie is propagat$ z an h]$it>y evil f mill5nium to mill5nium1 & f c5tury to c5tury4 ,= ev5 n[1 may _m a f]tile spot1 ! seat ( a happy & unit$ community 9 ! mid/ ( prosp]\s times1 & ( peace unbrok5 at home or abroad1 be consid]$1 if n a g>d5 ( innoc5ce1 /ill ! blissful dwell+ ( peace & quiet4 ,b into ^! happy prec9cts ! evil _s ( untru? & discont5t ev] & anon /eals1 to repeat ov] aga9 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human race ! same sc5e ( temptation :i* m>k$ its comm5cem5t4 ,upw>d & d[nw>d1 & 9 a tw(old direction1 does ! ly+ _s ( /rife ply 8 s$uctive arts4 ,n[1 on ! "o side1 he :isp]s 9 ! e> ( ! ris+ g5]ation1 8,t is ! true k & ! real sci5ce :i* m5 are mo/ anxi\s to )hold f y2 b seek fir/ ( all to be free--%ake (f ?is unwor?y _s ( slavi% ob$i5ce1 !n %all all t is noble & intellectually great be at once y\rs4 ,9 ?is way1 & ?us only1 0 x atta9$ by ! great & good 9 anci5t times40 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 he directs himself to ! individual inve/$ ) au?ority2 & if ! pot5tate be unrighte\s1 8 e> is already m ?an half op5--& ev5 if he be upright1 /ill1 z a man1 he is n always inaccessible to su* :isp]+s4 8,:y10 he insidi\sly asks1 8do/ ?\ draw back s fe>fully be=e t :i* ! p call _! rights8 ,^! are no?+ b *ildi% notions :i* ! s*ool-boy may d well to declaim ab\t1 b practically !y are wor?less & unreal2 no "o means !m s]i\sly--! :ole _w puts no fai? 9 ?is com$y4 ,rule y\r subjects ) an iron h&1 t is all !y "k h[ to respect2 nay1 !y ev5 admire ! bold _s t defies !m1 & !y w suppliantly rev]5ce ?y greatness ( m9d & /r5g? ( "* if1 betray+ no infirmness ( purpose1 y boldly & /]nly encroa* ^u or disreg>d all _! pret5d$ rights & privileges4 ,if only y\r sov]eignty be solidly e/abli%$ f )91 & well r\nd$ f )\t1 !n1 besides a great "n ) po/]ity1 y w also secure to y\rself ! pres5t enjoym5t ( v great & solid advantages40 ,9 ?is wise1 f ! orig9al s\rce ( ! "o lie1 is ! inh]itance ( ! old evil transmitt$ f g5]ation to g5]ation 9 ! political _w1 9 ! two opposite =ms ( popul> an>*y1 & ! despotic lu/ ( p[] & aggr&izem5t4 ,^! two =ms ( evil are m closely alli$ ?an at ! fir/ look !y appe> to be 9 reality2 b hi/ory1 ! great tea*] ( tru?1 gives its sure witness to _! aff9ity4 ,no?+ is m common 9 great republics1 ?an = ! discord ( ! citiz5s to be put an end to by "s victori\s g5]al1 :om all p>ties1 we>y ( _! diss5sions1 hail z ! b5efactor ( ! :ole community4 ,b h[ seldom is ! pacificator cont5t ) ! glori\s title ( ! re/or] ( dome/ic peace1 & does n g a /ep f>!r1 & become ! s*em+ tyrant & ! aggressive conqu]or4 ,! :ole hi/ory ( ! _w is1 9 %ort1 little m ?an ! cont9u\s /ruggle betwe5 ! purify+ fire ( ! div9e retribution & ?is _s ( political ly+1 :i* is ev] r5ew+ itself 9 ^! tw(old =ms ( an>*y & despotism4 ,moreov]1 :ile we ackn[l$ge ! div9e au?ority inve/$ 9 ! supreme rul] ( ! /ate1 we mu/ take he$ h[ we mix up ) our conceptions on ?is head ! notion1 s highly dang]\s & s pregnant ) fatal errors1 ( ! absolute & unconditional1 :i*1 z we h already rem>k$1 c n be appli$ ev5 to ! ,godhead )\t giv+ rise to misconceptions4 ,if1 !re=e1 9 any c\ntry a p>ty--= n[-a-days ev5 ju/ice is made a p>ty matt]--if any :]e a p>ty ( o!rwise well-dispos$ m5 call !mselves 8absoluti/s10 su* a designation is ( itself suffici5t to excite our appreh5sion1 le/1 ) s absolute a way ( ?9k+1 "s sp>k ( evil be slumb]+ b5ea? ! a%es2 inasmu* z "o absolute1 i4e41 "o unconditional elem5t ( de/ruction inv>iably calls =? ano!r4 ,absolute1 if ?is p]nici\s t]m mu/ be us$1 ! supreme p[] ( ! legitimate sov]eign ( a /ate may inde$ be call$ 9 s f> z he is responsible to ,god alone4 ,= 7 ! supreme rul] responsible to man1 !n ! only diff]5ce w\ld be1 t in/ead ( "o1 ! _m to :om he is answ]able w\ld be absolute4 ,b 9 ano!r s5se1 x is impossible to call ! supreme p[]1 :]ev] lodg$1 absolute or unlimit$2 = x is limit$ 9 _m ways4 ,its ex]cise is *eck$ & controll$ by ! treaties subsi/+ betwe5 x & o!r p[]s--by ! laws :i* x f9ds 9 exi/5ce f ! times ( 8 pr$ecessors1 & :i* are /ill 9 =ce by ! family laws ( succession1 & all matt]s p]ta9+ to or connect$ !re)4 ,if he :o is inve/$ ) ! highe/ p[] 9 ! /ate1 is det]m9$ to int]f]e ) all ^! in/itutions1 & viol5tly to subv]t exi/+ cu/oms & compacts1 !n is !re1 9 su* a case1 no "o really ju/ifi$ or entitl$ ei!r to make objections to 8 measures or to oppose !m4 ,by su* arbitr>y & viol5t proce$+s1 h[ev]1 he is himself und]m9+ ! v f\ndation ( 8 own p[]4 ,& a reg>d to & consid]ation ( ! possible consequ5ces ( su* inju/ice w 9 mo/ in/ances furni% ! necess>y & salut>y *eck4 ,la/ly1 if we look a mom5t f ! "r itself to its actual ex]cise & influ5ce1 h[ (t5 & h[ greatly are ! latt] limit$ by adv]se circum/ances & evil times4 ,no?+1 9 %ort1 is m at issue ) & oppos$ to nature & to life1 ?an ! v notion ( unlimit$ p[]1 & g5]ally all t is absolute or de/ructive4 ,b !re is yet ano!r side on :i* ! supreme political p[] is ess5tially *eck$ & controll$4 ,x is b\nd to consid] & pay respect to ! pr9ciples ( religi\s society1 :i* re/s no less ?an itself on a div9e au?ority4 ,= ! *ur*1 al?\gh v diff]5t 9 its nature1 & fl[+ f a :olly diff]5t orig9 f t ( ! /ate1 is1 nev]!less1 equally inviolable4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! civil & political rul]1 n cont5t ) a co-ord9ate jurisdiction & ! revision ( ecclesia/ical affairs--) a jo9t au?ority & influ5ce1 %\ld attempt to make ! religi\s polity also entirely subject to 8 own arbitr>y w1 no "o p]haps w be able to oppose =ce to =ce1 & probably no "o w\ld be ju/ifi$ 9 s do+4 ,b by su* an attempt1 z inde$ by e act ( religi\s oppression1 ! supreme civil p[] w\ld mo/ fatally und]m9e ! v basis ( its own au?ority4 ,if1 = in/ance1 ! rul] ( a great nation places ! ?ird e/ate 9 ! pa9ful alt]native ( mak+1 :at 9 any case mu/ be mo/ p]nici\s1 a *oice betwe5 div9e & human au?ority--or1 r1 to speak m correctly1 betwe5 two claims to its allegiance equally div9e1 he does b smoo? ! road :i* mu/ lead at la/ to 8 own ru94 ,& "h1 too1 9 ! spiritual community ( ! fai?1 9 ! same way z 9 ! political body1 man's patrimony ( orig9al evil bran*es out into two directions4 ,9 ! "o x turns long+ly back t[>d ! pa/1 & 9 ! o!r x t5ds re/lessly =w>d into ! indef9ite future4 ,bo? ( ^! ab]rations are :olly indep5d5t ( ! out] =m z well z ( ! subject-matt] ( belief4 ,!y are consequ5tly to be f\nd 9 ! old cov5ant1 z ! fir/ grade ( div9e revelation1 no less ?an 9 ! second4 ,! fir/ ( ^! h]$it>y faults ( man's nature is deadness1 or1 9 a some:at diff]5t phase1 lukew>mness--manife/+ itself outw>dly 9 a close & lit]al adh]5ce to ! old 9 its m]e ext]nal =ms4 ,9 a ^w1 x is spiritual dea?4 ,= ?\gh 9 ! abundance ( ,8 love1 ,god may h made a revelation ( ,8 w to man1 & ev5 di$ to make an atonem5t = him1 /ill x is left to ! free w ( ! individual to receive x or n2 & its ret5tion & obs]vance is ! trial ( 8 goodness1 &1 consequ5tly1 9 ?is po9t1 z 9 o!rs1 8 h]$it>y & inborn spiritual dea? /rongly manife/s itself4 ,! second ( ^! h]$it>y faults1 or1 r1 ! same 9 a diff]5t =m1 is ! _s ( innovation1 or a false semblance ( life1 by :i*1 9 fact1 ?is inn] dea? is m]ely propagat$4 ,on bo? ^! faults & errone\s ways ( ?9k+ on religi\s matt]s1 ,revelation expresses itself equally 9 ! tone ( /]n reprobation1 ?\gh p]haps its language ) reg>d to ! =m] is ev5 /ill m sev]e4 ,z reg>ds ! _s ( innovation1 all *anges 9 ?is doma91 :i* are m]ely human1 & n visibly & manife/ly ( a div9e _s & orig91 mu/ simply on t acc\nt be oppos$ & condemn$4 ,n[1 9 bo? ! p>ties into :i* ! fai? is unhappily divid$1 !re are _m :o are captivat$ & l$ away by ?is _s ( *ange4 ,= among ^? :o 7 orig9ally s$uc$ by x n a few are n[ animat$ ) a s9c]e & pr(\nd respect = :atev] is old & /]l+1 :ile ( ! innovation-mong]s ( our days1 _m are to be f\nd 9 ! ranks ( ^? :o orig9ally /rove to /em ! tide ( alt]ation & *ange4 ,oh t all :o are p]vad$ by ?is evil _s1 & are ev] ca/+ _! views =w>d into ! future1 w\ld only advance a little f>!r /ill 9 _! ?\ghts1 s z to take 9 ! end & conclusion ( all4 ,9 ! k ( ! f9al judgm5t ( ! _w 7& :at is ?is philosophy ( revelation b su* a rem9isc5ce ( dea? & ! end--9 :i* light philosophy 0 ev5 9 old5 times expla9$--n1 inde$1 9 a n>r[-m9d$ limitation to ourselves1 b 9 a f> wid] s5se1 embrac+ 9 its univ]sal sympa?y ! f9al cata/rophe ( ! :ole human race71 9 ! w>n+s & allusions to ?is la/ day ( acc\nt1 s long & s (t5 giv51 m5 w f9d all ! in=mation t !y seek1 & w no long] ne$ any human innovations1 s9ce by ?is key all t is old & et]nal %all receive a trebly-exalt$ significance & a d\bly-new life4 ,b besides ! political body & ! religi\s community1 ! _w ( lett]s =ms a ?ird society4 ,?\gh num]ically small]1 yet 9 its effects on ! m9ds ( m51 :e!r x moves freely & diffuses itself )\t ! rigid re/ra9ts ( =m1 or is n>r[ly conf9$ to ! =malism ( ! s*ool1 x is1 p]haps1 z great z ei!r4 ,spiritual 9 its matt] & 9 its dissem9ation1 x ei!r r5\nces a div9e sanction1 & /&s "u ! protection & sup]vision ( ! /ate--su*1 at lea/1 is ! pr$om9ant relation 9 rec5t times--or1 z 0 =m]ly ! case1 x gr[s & fl\ri%es b5ea? ! %elt] & ?r\gh ! fo/]+ c>e ( ecclesia/ical in/itutions4 ,hold+ an int]m$iate place betwe5 ! two o!r bodies ( human society--9 its subject-matt] m ak9 to ! "o1 b d]iv+ f ! o!r its ext]nal support--x is also ( a mix$ nature & p>takes ( bo?4 ,b ! inborn & orig9al s9 ( sci5ce is exactly simil> to t :i* infects political life4 ,manife/+ itself 9 a tw(old ab]ration1 x ei!r assumes1 9 ! _s ( an>*y1 an ho/ile position t[>d all t exi/s f )\t1 or is giv5 to m5 f above1 or1 p]haps1 comes =w>d 9 a pr$om9ant love ( sy/em or sci5tific sect>ianism1 :i* n unfrequ5tly is z fanatical z ! political p>ty-_s ) :i*1 moreov]1 x is (t5 v ne>ly & closely alli$4 ,! nature ( ! div9e ord] :i* rules ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 & its /]n1 retributive law1 mu/1 9 all ess5tial po9ts1 be n[ app>5t f ! prec$+ rem>ks4 ,x is an all-p]vad+ alt]nation betwe5 ! purify+ fire ( ,god's punitive ju/ice & ! inh]itance ( ! old evil1 :i* breaks out1 n[ 9 an>*y1 n[ 9 despotism--at "o "t 9 spiritual deadness & lukew>mness ( fai?--at ano!r 9 ! p]nici\s lu/ ( innovation & *ange4 ,?is purify+ fire1 x mu/ also be cle>1 :ile1 conf9+ its imm$iate op]ation to s+le nations or to m>k$ & di/9ct epo*s ( hi/ory1 x gives !m a new %ape & =m1 inv>iably ga9s = itself a wid] ext5sion1 s z1 at la/1 to embrace ! :ole _w4 ,moreov]1 e "o mu/ feel t1 9 inve/igat+ ! fi]y track ( ?is judg+ _s 9 its /]n c\rse ?r\gh c5turies1 we mu/ rev]5tly foll[ at a respectful di/ance to le>n f x :at x is & h[ x manife/s itself1 & take good he$ h[ we presume to conf9e x )9 any n>r[ law1 or r$uce x to any precise & rigor\s def9ition4 ,we c n be too c>efully on our gu>d aga9/ ascrib+ to ,provid5ce 9 its guidance ( mank9d _m & subtile designs1 :i*1 aft] all1 p]haps1 are no?+ b ! m]e fancies & conceits ( man4 ,9 g5]al1 h[ev]1 x may safely be said t ! subord9ate views & high] ends :i* are visible 9 ! lead+ cata/rophes ( nations & empires1 or ev5 ( entire ages1 h especial ref]5ce to t gradation 9 ! div9e revelation :i* ,i expla9$ to y 9 ! previ\s ,lecture z hav+ a reg>d to1 & compris+ ! :ole human race 91 its compreh5sive design4 ,by way ( exemplification1 & z an in/ance ( ! "r application ( ! ideas "h advanc$1 ,i w n[1 9 conclusion1 add a few words on ^? ev5ts & cata/rophes ( univ]sal hi/ory1 :i*1 9 ?is respect1 seem ! mo/ important4 ,! univ]sal deluge1 ( :i* ! :ole surface ( our globe pres5ts s _m & s great traces & pro(s1 =ms a p>tition-wall1 /]nly sep>at+ ! e>lie/ races ( m5 f ! subsequ5t g5]ations4 ,( ! =m] x is only probable t !y 7 v diff]5t f ! latt]1 n only 9 _! mann] ( life1 b also 9 _! physical & intellectual p[]s & end[m5ts1 & likewise1 p]haps1 9 ! nature & mode ( _! moral corruption & depravity4 ,my rem>ks1 !re=e1 may well be conf9$ to ?is side ( t great p>tition-wall4 ,! next great cata/rophe1 :i* is bo? expressly giv5 out z a div9e retribution 7&1 z su*1 c be prov$ f pr(ane hi/ory z mu*1 ?\gh n s univ]sally1 z ! =m]71 is ! s-call$ ,babylonian confusion ( tongues & ! disp]sion ( nations4 ,?is1 & t :i* is s insep>ably connect$ ) x1 ! confusion ( my?ical ideas & leg5ds1 is r h9t$ at ?an fully & cle>ly detail$4 ,! "t1 too1 is n giv51 ?\gh ! locality is expressly m5tion$4 ,x is ! same "o :i*1 accord+ to all o!r hi/orical /atem5ts1 0 ! v spot ( ,we/]n ,c5tral ,asia1 :]e t contagi\s malady ( ! lu/ ( conque/ fir/ arose1 or1 if we may be all[$ ! expression1 :]e ?is unhappy inv5tion 0 fir/ made4 ,?is disp]sion ( nations1 h[ev]1 0 its natural puni%m5t1 s9ce e unity :i* is ei!r politically false or intellectually untrue1 mu/ t]m9ate 9 *aotic dissolution4 ,?is hi/orical fact is di/9ctly traceable 9 ! _w ( ! anci5ts among ! ,we/ ,asiatic1 ,s\? ,european1 & ,nor? ,african nations :i* dwell ar\nd ! %ores ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,"h we c sc>cely f9d our way out ( ! labyr9? ( traces ( reciprocal relation%ip :i* ab\nd1 9 _! m$ley ( cognate languages & _! *aos ( leg5ds1 s rem>kably agree+1 & yet frequ5tly s inconsi/5t 9 _! ideas ( nature1 _! f>-rea*+ !ogonies1 & ! div9e orig9ation ( _! h]oic families4 ,^! *aotic contradictions1 h[ev]1 9 :i* ! poetry ( hea!ndom indulg$ )\t re/ra9t1 gradually und]m9$ ! old popul> belief1 & l$1 consequ5tly1 at a lat] p]iod1 to a v favorable result4 ,= by ?is means ! ,greeks--to :om our pres5t rem>ks apply especially & pre-em95tly--ga9$ free space = ! un%ackl$ developm5t ( a philosophy :i*1 ?\gh x may h run & w&]$ ?r\gh _m sy/ems ( error1 yet 9 s f> z x 0 an hone/ & s9c]e se>* aft] tru? & c]ta9ty1 s]v$ & des]ves to be consid]$ z a prep>ation & introduction to a high] k & ! adoption ( revelation4 ,= because ( ?is intellectual developm5t 7& ! fact s]ves to prove t a pure s5sibility to ! beautiful1 & a cle> & pregnant ?\ght on human life & on nature1 is ev] highly pleas+ to ,god71 ! ,greeks 7 *os5 z ! second p ( ! _w1 to be ! m$ium & ! in/rum5ts ( ! fur!r diffusion ( revelation 9 ! c\rse ( ! developm5t ( humanity4 ,9 political life1 ! errone\s t5d5cy ( ! ,greek m9d 0 to ! abuse ( lib]ty & to an>*y4 ,:5 ?is evil _h be5 c>ri$ to its wilde/ extreme1 x 0 ov]tak5 by its natural p5alty 7:i* inw>dly foll[s close ^u its track71 9 ! arm$ supremacy ( ,mac$on 7:i*1 h[ev]1 0 only a brief p>oxysm71 & ! f9al subjugation ( ,greece to ! ,roman yoke4 ,among ! ,romans bo? =ms ( political evil met toge!r1 & 7 closely connect$ ) ea* o!r4 ,to escape f dome/ic an>*y1 !y ent]$ on a victori\s c>e] ( =eign conque/ & aggr&izem5t2 & :5 inte/9e diss5sion _h rea*$ its greate/ height1 a p]fect despotism 0 e/abli%$1 bo? at home & 9 ! prov9ces4 ,we rec5tly rem>k$ t ! :ole ( t mixture ( ideas1 confusion ( leg5ds & traditions1 & t cont9ual alt]nation betwe5 an>*y & despotism1 :i* 9 ! old5 times ( hea!ndom ran ?r\gh its :ole c\rse ( developm5t1 f ! fir/ disp]sion ( nations to ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,roman empire ov] ! _w1 imm$iately applies to & is only to be und]/ood ( ! ,we/ ,asiatic & ,s\? ,european races4 ,9 ! ,ea/ ( ,asia1 two great nations or empires1 :i* toge!r make up a ?ird1 if n ! half1 ne>ly1 ( ! population ( ! :ole e>?1 h rema9$ 9 a great measure free f & un9flu5c$ by x4 ,x w\ld almo/ seem z if ! ,almighty1 ) "s special design1 _h kept & res]v$ !m unto ^! la/ times4 ,= ?ree if n f\r ?\s& ye>s ,india has pres]v$ un*ang$ its in/itution ( ca/es1 & all its ess5tial cu/oms & laws4 ,! v fact t ?is anci5t empire1 s ext5sive1 s abundant 9 ri*es1 & s s+ul> 9 its nature1 & ) a civiliz$ population equal to t ( ! :ole ( ,europe put toge!r1 %\ld be n[ conqu]$ & held 9 subjection by ! sea-rul+ isles ( ,brita91 :i* ! anci5ts nam$ ! ,cassit]ides1 or ,t9 ,isl&s1 & describ$ z ! ultimate limits ( ! habitable _w1 is "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable signs ( our days4 ,t 9 su* great hi/orical ev5ts1 & su* s+ul> juxtapositions1 !re rules "s gr& & my/]i\s design ( ! ,m9d :i* regulates ! c\rse ( human affairs1 we c n b feel2 only we %all greatly err if we precipitately det]m9e its p>ticul> nature4 ,! wis] & ! saf] c\rse is to look =w>d ) att5tive expectation to its fur!r developm5t4 ,already has ?is rem>kable approximation ( ! extreme ,ea/ & ,we/ l$ to important consequ5ces4 ,! enl>gem5t ( our hi/orical in=mation1 by ! s\rces discov]$ 9 ! ,ea/1 has alone be5 s consid]able z to give great] coh]5ce & consi/5cy to our k ( ! e>li]1 &1 inde$1 ( ! v e>lie/ times1 & ( ! orig9 ( mank9d1 & to h af=d$ a gr[+ te/imony & a /rong confirmation ( ! tru? ( ! sacr$ n>rative4 ,! ,cele/ial ,empire too1 ) its monosyllabic language1 rema9$ until v rec5tly )9 its walls sep>ate f & nev] mix+ ) ! re/ ( ! _w4 ,al?\gh ,*9a has be5 sev]al times subjugat$ by nor!rn conqu]ors1 x has1 nev]!less1 cont9u$ 9 all ess5tial respects ! same4 ,b n[1 9 ^! mod]n times ( univ]sal f]m5t & ( *ange ?r\gh\t ! political _w1 ,*9a1 too1 has be5 set 9 movem5t1 & has become s f> a conqu]+ p[]1 t %e :o 9 ! e>li] c5turies ( ,*ri/ianity 0 only kn[n by "n1 ?r\gh fable1 has become ! imm$iate neighbor ( two great ,european p[]s4 ,! close ( ! anci5t hi/ory ( ! ,ea/]n _w1 9 its we/]ly regions1 is =m$ by ! tragic ov]?r[ ( ! ,jewi% p & ! fe>ful de/ruction ( ,j]usalem2 ev5ts :i* are prop]ly describ$1 z also !y 7 long previ\sly ann\nc$1 z a p>tial judgm5t on an individual nation4 ,& 9 ?is light & 9 simil> colors !y are1 moreov]1 depict$ ev5 by hea!n writ]s4 ,few ?+s 9 ! :ole c\rse ( hi/ory furni% s s+ul> & /rik+ a ph5om5on z ?is total dissolution ( ! ,jewi% nation4 ,! disp]sion ov] all p>ts ( ! e>?1 = s _m c5turies1 ( a p t has ex]cis$ s great & s decisive an influ5ce on ! progress ( ideas & ! high] cultivation ( ! human m9d1 bo? naturally & sci5tifically1 makes a sad & melan*oly impression on our m9ds4 ,) s mu* ! m ( reason1 !n1 may we reg>d x z a sign ( ! times1 & "o1 too1 full ( good promise & ( bright & *e]ful hope1 if ?is long & cruelly-oppress$ p seems sudd5ly to be ar\s$ aga9 or awak5$ f its degradation1 & 9 manifold ways ev9c+ an intellectual1 moral1 & social activity1 beg9s to p>take ( a m lib]al developm5t & culture4 ,& on "o acc\nt ! fact appe>s /ill m consolatory4 ,su* a reawak5+ ( ?is long ill-treat$ & degrad$ race is1 9 _! olde/ prophecies1 fix$ = ! la/ decisive days ( ! _w's hi/ory4 ,9 ! m$ieval p]iod ( mod]n hi/ory we meet ) all ! elem5ts ( ! ,*ri/ian /ate4 ,! idea ( a pure mon>*y also 0 "h c>ri$ f> high] t[>d p]fection1 & mu* m manifoldly develop$ ?an 9 hea!n antiquity4 ,b ! civil & spiritual p[]s soon came into collision1 & 9 _! mutual conflict 7 alike guilty ( despotic encroa*m5ts on ea* o!r4 ,9 ?is sad diss5sion ! :ole /ate ( ?+s fell m & m into a new k9d ( an>*y4 ,& 9 ! same way1 9 our own times1 aft] a great "p ( ! ,*ri/ian _w _h1 9 s5tim5t at lea/1 rev]t$ to hea!nism1 !n z a natural consequ5ce ( ! rul+ tone ( ?\ght & op9ion1 !re 0 a great relapse into ! d\ble evil ( a wild & fatal popul> an>*y1 & ( a /ill m de/ructive milit>y despotism4 ,& ! :ole hi/ory ( ! old hea!n _w is no?+ b "o cont9ual alt]nation betwe5 ^! two evils4 ,9 ! ,*ri/ian ,we/1 inde$1 bo? n[ & 9 ! middle ages1 ! pr$om9ant t5d5cy to error incl9$ t[>d ! side ( an>*y4 ,among ! ,mohamm$an nations1 on ! contr>y1 f ! v e>lie/ days ( _! religion1 ! despotic lu/ ( conque/ has be51 z x 71 an inborn & homebr$ h]$it>y fail+4 ,x 0 inde$ f$ & enc\rag$ by _! national cre$4 ,b "h also ! greate/ *anges h tak5 place4 ,! l>ge/ & mo/ p[]ful ( all ! ,mohamm$an empires1 t1 viz41 9 ,india1 is entirely ov]?r[n1 & sc>cely a ve/ige ( x rema9s 9 ^! times4 ,by a natural revolution ( ?+s1 ! fir/ irresi/ible conqu]ors are n[ !mselves conqu]$ & br\ght "u ! yoke ( o!rs4 ,& s1 too1 on ! o!r & we/]n side ( _! once wide rule1 !y :o =m]ly ?reat5$ ! exi/5ce ( civiliz$ ,europe are n[ dep5d5t ^u1 ess5tially mix$ up )1 & owe _! political exi/5ce to1 ,european policy & ! balance ( p[]4 ,?is total *ange ( ! relative position ( ! ,mohamm$an /ates 9 g5]al belongs und\bt$ly to ! *>act]i/ic signs :i* s peculi>ly m>k & di/+ui% our own age4 ,9 ! ?ree c5turies ( mod]n hi/ory :i* fill up ! int]val betwe5 ! middle ages & ! revolution>y epo* ( our own days1 ! moral con/itution ( ! mon>*y has be5 f> m fully & cle>ly develop$ ?an 9 any previ\s era4 ,b ! mo/ /rik+ ev5t ( ?is p]iod ( hi/ory is furni%$ by ! sad & melan*oly ph5om5on ( ! religi\s w>s4 ,^! 7 ! lam5table consequ5ce ( ! s*ism 9 ! fai?1 n inde$ by any indisp5sable & necess>y law1 nor ev5 z its natural1 b /ill its p]fectly explicable1 result4 ,9 ^? l&s :]e1 z 9 ,engl& & ,france1 !re exi/$ a weak] p>ty ( ei!r side1 :i* _h ei!r be5 fully conqu]$ or 0 kept "u by oppressive civil disabilities1 ?is unhappy ph5om5on assum$ ! mo/ revolt+ appe>ance4 ,b ! same /ate ( ?+s took a v diff]5t turn 9 ,g]many4 ,"h ! religi\s disputes t]m9at$ 9 a high] & a nobl] result4 ,9 a long & fruitless /ruggle ( ?irty ye>s1 :i* wa/$ & consum$ ! be/ en]gies ( ! nation1 ! two cont5d+ p>ties 7 taught1 t ) s nicely-balanc$ /r5g?1 no decisive result ei!r way 0 to be expect$4 ,com+ at l5g? to a wis] m9d1 !y ackn[l$g$ _! respective rights1 & by a peaceable compromise !y agre$ to live toge!r 9 ! same social community4 ,?is great & fam\s religi\s peace1 :i*1 consid]$ m]ely 9 ! light ( a treaty ( g5]al pacification1 is a ma/]-piece ( policy1 )\t equal or p>allel1 & s]v+ = ! basis = all subsequ5t treaties & que/ions ( peace1 is become = ,g]many a species ( inborn national necessity1 &1 z x 71 a second national "*4 ,%e f9ds 9 x a full & p]fect comp5sation = _m disadvantages %e labors "u z comp>$ ) o!r l&s1 :ile %e has acquir$ f x a great & important position 9 ! _w ( ! future4 ,consid]$ ) reg>d to ! :ole _w1 "o c n well avoid ascrib+ to ?is inde/ructible religi\s peace 9 ,g]many a /ill high] importance1 h[ev] little x is commonly und]/ood or reg>d$ 9 ?is light4 ,inde$1 we c n b look ^u x z ! precursor1 ) hopeful promises1 ( a f> great] & complet] religi\s peace--a peace1 ,i mean1 :i* %all reconcile n only all diff]5ces 9 ! fai?1 b also t m univ]sal & m p]vad+ diss5sion betwe5 fai? & unbelief2 ! qu>rel betwe5 sci5ce & fai? be+ fir/ adju/$1 & unity re/or$ !reby betwe5 !m1 &1 consequ5tly1 also to life4 ,b to effect ?is object1 ,god1 :o wills no?+ b peace & unity1 mu/ take ! upp] h& & be /rong] ?an man1 :o loves & desires /rife1 or1 at lea/1 )\t lov+ & seek+ x1 is /ill ev] relaps+ into x4 ,9 su* or "s simil> way a religi\s view ( univ]sal hi/ory1 & ( ! div9e ord] !re91 admits ( be+ develop$2 :i*1 h[ev]1 c n be truly done ) too mu* ( sci5tific rigor1 or by viol5tly introduc+ into its plans any arbitr>y &1 consequ5tly1 false designs & purposes4 ,my prescrib$ limits compel me to conf9e myself to ^! few h9ts1 & 9 ^! ,i h wi%$ pr9cipally to call att5tion to _! ref]5ce to our own age1 & to exhibit !m 9 ! light 9 :i* !y appe> ( univ]sal int]e/ & to possess an em95t & rem>kable de/9ation4 ,compris$1 !n1 9 "o result1 ! foll[+ are ! *>act]i/ic signs ( ! pres5t age3 ! two greate/ hea!n nations1 :i* = ?\s&s ( ye>s /ood by !mselves ap>t f ! re/ ( ! _w1 h lately come into ! close/ contact ) ,europe--! ,mohamm$an empires are e :]e fall+ into decay1 m rapidly ?an m5 _h be5 l$ to expect _! fall--! ,hebrew race is beg9n+ to rise f its long degradation--9 ,*ri/ian /ates & communities !re is "h & !re visible a /rong incl9ation to ! old evil ( an>*y--& if ! great human peace1 :i* has n[ la/$ twelve ye>s1 appe>s 9 "s po9ts insecure1 or at lea/ endang]$ f )91 x is only because x is devoid ( a firm f\ndation ( ! int]nal s5tim5t ( m54 ,:at ev5t1 !n1 c\ld be m happy = our age1 :at bett] turn c\ld ! pres5t po/ure ( affairs take1 ?an by br++ ab\t su* a triple div9e peace z we h already sket*$1 to give a new f\ndation & a firm] basis to ! ext]nal peace ( society8 ,may n ?is1 9 ,god's good purpose1 be ! !me :i* is to occupy ! next era ( ! _w8 ,,lecture ,,ix4 ,,( ,,! ,,true ,,de/9ation ,,( ,,philosophy1 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,app>5t ,,s*ism ,,b ,,ess5tial ,,unity ,,betwe5 ,a ,,"r ,,fai? ,,& ,,highe/ ,,c]ta9ty1 ,,z ,,! ,,c5t] ,,( ,,light ,,& ,,life ,,9 ,,! ,,consci\sness4 ,! philosophy ( life c n be any m]e sci5ce ( reason1 & lea/ ( all an unconditional "o4 ,= su* does b lead u into a doma9 ( dead ab/ractions ali5 to life1 :i*1 by ! dialectical _s ( disputation connatural to ! reason1 is soon conv]t$ into a labyr9?9e maze ( contradictory op9ions & notions1 out ( :i* ! reason1 ) all its logical means & appliances1 c n extricate itself4 ,& life1 consequ5tly--! inn] spiritual life1 t is--is di/urb$ & de/roy$ by x4 ,& x is ev5 ?is di/urb+ & de/roy+ pr9ciple ( ! dialectical reason t mo/ requires to be got rid ( & br\ght into subjection4 ,9 ! m]e =m1 h[ev]1 ( ab/ract ?\ght !re is no?+ 9 & by itself oppos$ to ! tru?4 ,!re is no?+ 9 x t x is absolutely & inv>iably necess>y to avoid1 or t nev] & 9 no case admits ( application4 ,x is1 no d\bt1 mo/ c]ta9 t e sy/em ( philosophy is on a wrong track :i* borr[s its me?od exclusively f ma!matics1 & copies x ?r\gh\t f beg9n+ to end4 ,/ill1 9 ! progressive developm5t ( philosophical ideas c]ta9 po9ts may occur--!re may be c]ta9 places 9 ! entire sy/em--:]e occasionally & by ! way su* =mulas & ab/ract equations may be pr(itably employ$4 ,su* a case may happ5 9 ! pres5t ,lecture4 ,b by ?us employ+ !m only by way ( illu/ration1 & episodically 9 pass+1 ,i hope to e/abli% su* a use ( !m1 & to make x evid5t t ! p]spicuity ( ! exposition does n ess5tially suff] !reby4 ,philosophy1 z ! univ]sal sci5ce1 embraces 9 its consid]ation ! :ole man4 ,z1 !re=e1 x evid5tly involves ! occasion1 s x is n unlikely t cases may occur :]e x c happily borr[1 n[ f "o n[ f ano!r ( ! sci5ces1 its ext]nal =m & peculi> =mul>ies4 ,x c1 9 %ort1 advantage\sly avail itself ( all 9 turn4 ,only1 su* a use1 to be pr(itable1 mu/ be free4 ,& ?is fre$om w be/ ev9ce itself 9 ! delib]ate *oice & ! div]sity ( ! images4 ,! me?od ( free speculation1 i4e41 ( philosophy1 mu/ n resemble a coat ( mail ) its inf9ite numb] ( little uni=m *a9s & r+s4 ,x ought n1 z is ! case ne>ly ) ! ma!matical me?od1 to be compos$1 by me*anical rule & measure1 ( simple propositions sci5tifically l9k$ toge!r1 & !n =m$ aga9 into high] logical concat5ations4 ,9 %ort1 ! me?od ( philosophy c n prop]ly be uni=m4 ,! _s mu/ n be made subs]vi5t to ! me?od2 ! ess5ce mu/ n be sacrific$ to ! =m4 ,philosophical ?\ght & k1 ) t div]sity ( illu/ration & v>iety 9 me?od :i* foll[s f its univ]sality1 is1 9 ?is respect1 some:at 9 ! same case ) poetry4 ,( all ! imitative arts poetry alone embraces1 & by its nature is int5d$ to embrace1 ! :ole man4 ,x is1 !re=e1 free to borr[ its similes or colors1 & manifold figurative expressions1 f e sph]e ( life & nature1 & to take !m n[ f ?is1 n[ f t object1 z on ea* occasion appe>s mo/ /rik+ & appropriate4 ,n[1 no "o w\ld ?9k ( prescrib+ unconditionally to poetry1 & compell+ h] to take all h] similes & figures ei!r f fl[]s & plants1 or f ! animal _w1 or exclusively f any "o ( ! sev]al pursuits ( man--f ! sailor's life1 = in/ance1 or ! %eph]d's1 or ! huntsman's--or f any ( 8 h&icrafts or me*anical arts4 ,= al?\gh all su* similes1 & colors1 & expressions1 appropriately1 introduc$1 are equally all[able 9 e poetical composition1 & none ( !m ne$ be reject$1 /ill ! exclusive use ( any "o class ( !m z a law w\ld hamp] ! free poetic _s & ext+ui% ! liv+ fancy4 ,9 ! same way1 philosophy is n conf9$ to any "o inv>iable & immutable =m4 ,at "o "t x may come =w>d 9 ! guise ( a moral1 legislative1 or a judicial discussion2 at ano!r1 z a description ( natural hi/ory4 ,or1 p]haps1 x may assume ! me?od ( an hi/orical & g5ealogical developm5t & d]ivation ( ideas z be/ fitt$ to exhibit ! ?\ghts :i* x aims at illu/rat+ 9 _! mutual coh]5ce & connection4 ,on o!r occasions1 p]haps1 x w take ! %ape ( a sci5tific inve/igation ( nature--( an exp]im5t 9 a high] physiology--9 ord] to te/ ! exi/5ce ( ! invisible p[]s :i* x is its purpose to e/abli%4 ,or aga91 by ! employm5t ( an algebraic equation1 or ( a ma!matical =m 7:i*1 h[ev]1 x reg>ds z no?+ m ?an a symbol & visible hi]oglyphic = a high] some?+ t is invisible71 x w1 p]haps1 mo/ conv5i5tly atta9 to its l(ti] aim4 ,e me?od & e sci5tific =m is good2 or1 at lea/1 :5 rightly employ$1 is good4 ,b no "o ought to be exclusive4 ,no "o mu/ be c>ri$ out ) pa9ful uni=mity1 & ) we>y+ monotony be inv>iably foll[$ ?r\gh\t4 ,! philosophy ( life1 !n1 c n be any m]e absolute philosophy ( reason4 ,& z little c1 or ought x to be purely & absolutely a philosophy ( nature2 n1 at lea/1 an exclusive "o1 t is1 exactly su* & no?+ m4 ,su* a philosophy ( nature may1 inde$1 9 its physiological aspect1 possess unequal$ sci5tific weal?1 & be full ( pr(\nd & +5i\s ?\ghts4 ,b /ill ! "r pr9ciples & ! regulative ideas ( human life c nev] be d$uc$ f x easily1 & )\t hav+ rec\rse to =c$ con/ructions4 ,= ev5 man is1 9 8 life1 some?+ high] ?an nature2 ev5 he is some?+ m ?an a m]e physical be+4 ,/ill less possible1 !n1 7 x1 f su* a philosophy ( nature1 to d]ive1 e/abli%1 & to r5d] cle> & intelligible ! idea & be+ ( ,god--! p]vad+ ref]5ce to :om1 h[ev]1 makes man :at he is4 ,! idea ( ,god d$uc$ f su* a s\rce alone w\ld1 & inde$ c\ld only be1 "s great f9al cause ( ! sy/em ( nature4 ,nei!r ! conclusions ( s\nd reason1 & lea/ ( all ^? ( ! consci5ce--no1 nor ev5 dialectic itself 7s f> z x is pr(itably employ$1 by ! k ( x be+ made available = ! detection ( error71 nor physical sci5ce1 :5 cultivat$ 9 a noble & l(ty _s1 ought 9 any way to be exclud$ f ! bord]s1 or ev5 ! v doma9 ( philosophy4 ,on ! contr>y1 %e may1 9 h] own peculi> way1 adopt !m all1 &1 giv+ !m a m ext5sive s5se & _s1 employ !m = h] own high] aims4 ,9 its prim>y & mo/ ess5tial respects1 ! philosophy ( life is a ?or\ghly human sci5ce4 ,x is no?+ less ?an ! cognition ( man4 ,n[1 ev5 on ?is acc\nt1 & because x is only by means ( 8 all-p]vad+ relation to ,god t man /&s above nature & is some?+ sup]ior to a m]e physical be+1 & some?+ high]1 too1 ?an a m]e rational ma*9e1 !re=e is ! philosophy ( life actually & 9 fact a true philosophy ( ,god4 ,! philosophy ( life atta9s ?is high dignity beyond a m]e philosophy ( reason1 or ( nature1 simply on ?is acc\nt--t ! supreme life & ! ultimate s\rce ( all o!r degrees ( life is ev5 ,god4 ,n[ ?is ,supreme ,life1 :i* has its life 9 itself1 is ! subject ( my pres5t disquisitions4 ,= x is ev5 ) ! correct & complete notion ( ?is ,supreme ,life t ! ,_s ( ,tru? fir/ ent]s ! human consci\sness2 & !n1 9 ! inn] _w ( man1 :i* be=e 0 8)\t =m & void10 t light beg9s to %9e :i* nev] %all become d>kness1 & ( :i* ev5 ?is ,_s ( ,tru? has said 8t x 0 good40 ,?is div9e b initiatory illum9ation is ! fir/ /ep 9 t progressive developm5t ( ! int]nal light & tru? 9 human life & consci\sness1 & :i*1 z />t+ f ?is po9t & pass+ ?r\gh its successive /ages ( advancem5t1 x w be our object to trace 9 ! la/ sev5 ( ! pres5t ,lectures4 ,9 ! eight prec$+ disquisitions ,i h endeavor$1 by advanc+ /ep by /ep1 to arrive at ?is la/ end ( all4 ,we h n[ rea*$ ! culm9at+ po9t2 & ! ,supreme ,life1 :i*1 accord+ to :at has be5 already said1 is ! prim>y s\rce ( all o!r life1 & :i* has life 9 itself1 is n[1 toge!r ) ! full & true notion ( ?is life1 to occupy our common consid]ation4 ,& !n aga91 desc5d+ f ?is summit ( light & tru?--= :i*1 9 ! mean "t1 ,i entreat y\r entire & close/ att5tion--,i propose1 ) ha/y /ep1 to retrace our way ?r\gh all ! grades ( man's spiritual enlight5m5t1 to c>ry back y\r reg>ds & m9e into all ! sev]al sph]es ( life & consci\sness4 ,b n[1 x has be5 said t ! philosophy ( life1 9 e case & in/ance1 inv>iably asc5ds to ! highe/ object ( e sph]e t x contemplates1 & t t supreme object is ,god4 ,f ?is1 fur!r1 x has be5 argu$ t x is ev5 & truly a philosophy ( ,god4 ,h[1 !n1 does x diff] f !ology8 ,at ! v comm5cem5t ( ^! ,lectures ,i confess$ t philosophy 9 g5]al1 & especially a philosophy ( life1 by reason ( ! common object :i* !y bo? treat (1 c\ld n avoid com+ into frequ5t & close contact ) !ology4 ,b1 at ! same "t1 ,i ass]t$ t ! =m]1 9 its :ole ess5ce1 is completely & mat]ially diff]5t f ! latt]1 & requires to be c>efully re/rict$ )9 its own limits4 ,we mu/ take he$ le/ x ei!r viol5tly encroa* ^u ! prop] doma9 ( !ology1 or1 on ! o!r h&1 become its s]vile h&maid at ! sacrifice ( its own peculi> "* & de/9ation4 ,! true relation ( ^! two k9dr$ sci5ces1 z occupi$ ) a common subject1 :i* is (t5 entirely id5tical1 & _!1 nev]!less1 s /rongly-m>k$ & di/9ct limits1 may p]haps be mo/ cle>ly illu/rat$ by a comp>ison ) ! ma!matical sci5ces4 ,dogmatic !ology1 or ! sci5ce ( positive belief1 resembles pure ma!matics4 ,its ideas & =mul>ies c n be too /rictly1 or too simply1 def9$2 nor1 :]e x admits ( demon/ration1 c its pro(s be c>ri$ out ) too rigor\s & ma!matical a precision4 ,= 9 ^! matt]s x is impossible to give ! lea/ room or influ5ce to individual caprice )\t haz>d+ ! loss ( all t is mo/ ess5tial 9 ! positive articles ( fai?4 ,philosophy1 on ! o!r h&1 9 treat+ ( su* subjects--or1 at lea/1 t "p ( x :i* is occupi$ ) ^! matt]s--resembles r mix$ geometry 9 its sev]al applications1 su* z practical m5suration1 or ! sci5ce ( =tification & ! art ( w>4 ,= philosophy is1 if we may s speak1 an appli$ !ology4 ,adopt+ ! univ]sal ideas ( ! "o liv+ ,god & 8 ov]rul+ ,provid5ce1 &1 :at is s closely connect$ !re)1 ( ! s\l's immortality & man's free w1 x adapts !m1 9 _m valuable practical applications1 to ! :ole & almo/ b\ndless field ( hi/orical k & ! developm5t ( ! human race1 z well z to all physical & exp]im5tal sci5ces1 & ev5 to ! wide doma9 ( sci5tific disputes & m]ely human op9ion1 ) its sev]al conflict+ sy/ems4 ,9 ?is c\rse ( practical application philosophy ne$s n1 9 its expressions & =mul>ies1 scrupul\sly to conf9e itself to ! t]m9ology ( its si/] sci5ce1 or to repeat its words ) a c>eful exactness4 ,on ! contr>y1 its be/ & wise/ c\rse is to move ) fre$om1 *ang+ & v>y+ its expressions at pleasure4 ,= inasmu* z x is n itself s rigor\sly ti$ up z !ology is to au?ority1 s x c n appeal to x ) equal ju/ice 9 ord] to en=ce ass5t to its own tea*+4 ,9 ! same way1 too1 t 9 algebraic equations a m]e hypo!tical calculation is (t5times introduc$1 :i*1 moreov]1 aft]w>d sugge/s _m a valuable practical application1 s1 also1 a simil> hypo!tical use ( ! !ological magnitudes or axioms1 if we may s speak1 is q op5 & all[able to philosophy 9 ! pursuit ( its m]ely sci5tific ends4 ,x is only ! mo/ g5]al articles ( ! fai? t philosophy makes use (4 ,at lea/1 ! m9ut] & %>ply-def9$ det]m9ations ( a positive cre$ are n imm$iately & indisp5sably necess>y = its object4 ,n[1 an ov]rul+ ,provid5ce1 ! s\l's immortality1 & ! fre$om ( ! w1 are articles ( univ]sal belief1 :i*1 al?\gh1 p]haps1 n c\*$ 9 express words & def9ite notions1 yet /ill z g]ms & vague feel+s exi/1 h[ev] deeply !y may slumb]1 9 e human brea/ t is z yet pure & uncontam9at$ by t capti\s skepticism :i* frets & corrodes itself ) its seem+ p]plexities4 ,^!1 philosophy may safely take = grant$4 ,nay1 x is its duty s to d2 & :]e x does s 9 ! "r way1 !n w x nev]1 on t acc\nt1 meet ) any consid]able ob/acle or opposition4 ,on ! contr>y1 by pursu+ ?is c\rse x w ! m surely ar\se & awak5 ^! univ]sal feel+s f _! slumb] 9 ! human m9d1 & gradually %ape & conv]t !m into fix$ & /able po9ts f :i* to c>ry on ! fur!r progress & developm5t ( ! pr9ciple ( fai?4 ,& x is ev5 h]e9 t philosophy w mo/ display its art1 or1 r1 its intellectual p[] ov] ! m9ds ( m54 ,x is 9 ?is1 pre-em95tly1 t lies its vocation4 ,b if1 on ! contr>y1 x makes ?is mission to consi/ r 9 demon/rat+1 9 a /rictly sci5tific =m1 ! exi/5ce ( a ,deity1 ) its natural tra9 ( ^? et]nal v]ities--! immortality ( ! s\l1 & ! fre$om ( ! w1 !n at ! v fir/ outset x w lose sight ( its true aim1 & set up a false "o4 ,=1 7 su* a demon/ration possible1 /ill no?+ ess5tial w\ld be ga9$ by its actual atta9m5t4 ,=1 9 su* a case1 ! exi/5ce ( ,god1 & ,god himself1 w\ld naturally become dep5d5t1 9 ?\ght at lea/1 on t f & by means ( :i* ! pro( 0 e/abli%$1 & w\ld1 consequ5tly1 appe> to u no long] z ! fir/ cause ( all1 b1 r1 a second>y & d]ivative be+4 ,9 su* ! primal ess5ce w\ld be made to dep5d on our human k & sci5ce ( reason+1 s to speak2 ! latt] mu/1 9 ! pl5itude ( its p[]1 fir/ conf] ^u & gu>anty to ! =m] its exi/5ce4 ,?is w\ld1 inde$1 be a complete inv]sion ( ! true & natural ord] ( ?+s1 su* z1 alas1 has b too (t5 occurr$ & manife/$ itself 9 actual exp]i5ce4 ,^! rem>ks1 h[ev]1 mu/ be und]/ood z apply+ to a /rict demon/ration ( ?is great v]ity1 or at lea/ to all attempts ( ! k9d4 ,to po9t to ?is tru?1 to trace e indication ( x1 to elucidate x1 to confirm x by analogy or o!r corroborative evid5ces1 is q a diff]5t matt]4 ,all ?is is p]fectly all[able4 ,b ,god does n all[ 8 exi/5ce to be prov$4 ,by =ce ( reason+ su* a belief is n to be impress$ on ! m9d ( t man :o is unwill+ spontane\sly to admit x4 ,z life g5]ally1 s also ?is supreme life mu/ be le>n$ & conclud$ f e man's own exp]i5ce2 x mu/ be adopt$ ) ! vividness ( a feel+4 ,let u n[1 = a mom5t1 rev]t to ! old s*ola/ic =ms & ! designations usually giv5 9 ! s*ools to ! sev]al philosophical sci5ces1 & comp>e ) !m ! division on :i* our pres5t disquisitions are bas$4 ,we might1 9 ?is respect1 say t ! fir/ five sections ( our treatise h be5 exclusively devot$ to psy*ology2 ?\gh n inde$ 9 ! ord9>y n>r[ s5se ( ! ^w1 b 9 "o f> m ext5sive1 & embrac+ ! :ole univ]se4 ,accord+ to ?is wid] ext5t & signification ( psy*ology1 we h consid]$ ! s\l relatively1 fir/ ( all1 to ! :ole ( philosophy & its sev]al sy/ems2 secondly1 to moral life2 &1 la/ly1 to revelation1 to nature1 & to ,god ,himself4 ,! ?ree foll[+ ,lectures 7 devot$ to an exam9ation ( ! div9e ord] ( ?+s 9 ! sev]al sph]es ( exi/5ce1 & to ! indications ( a rul+ ,provid5ce discov]able !re94 ,!y con/itute1 !re=e1 a species ( !ology2 b "o1 h[ev]1 empirically conceiv$ & hi/orically work$ out f obs]vations 9 nature & 9 hi/ory1 n only 9 ! annals ( ! ext]nal _w1 b also 9 ! spiritual hi/ory ( ! progressive t]ms 9 ! developm5t ( tru?4 ,su* a !ological essay exactly corresponds to t notion we s lately advanc$1 ( an appli$ or mix$ sci5ce ( !ology z ! peculi> sph]e = ?is "p or bran* ( philosophy :i* conc]ns itself ) ! doctr9e ( ! supreme ess5ce1 & ! "r und]/&+ !re(4 ,n[ if1 9 compliance ) old5 =ms ( division & a s*ola/ic phraseology1 x be necess>y to deliv] a s*eme ( ontology z ! philosophical sci5ce & cognition ( really exi/5t ?+s1 & also ( _! true & real ess5ce1 x is cle> t su* is only conceivable & possible by means ( su* an appli$ !ology4 ,= h[ c ?+s be truly real1 & h[ c !y z su* be kn[n 9 _! inmo/ ess5ce1 except s f> z !y h _! exi/5ce & det]m9ation 9 ,god1 &1 9 ?is respect1 admit ( be+ kn[n by u8 ,9 any case1 h[ev]1 ! "n ( natural !ology1 :i* ev] & anon we /ill he> appli$ to ! philosophical cognition ( ! ,div9e ,be+ & ,8 exi/5ce1 ought c>efully to be avoid$4 ,su* a designation is bas$ on a ?or\gh misconception & total inv]sion ( ideas4 ,e sy/em ( !ology t is n sup]natural1 or at lea/ t does n pr(ess to be s1 b pret5ds to und]/& naturally ! idea ( ,god1 & reg>ds ! k ( ! div9e ess5ce z a bran* ( natural sci5ce1 or d]ives ! idea simply f nature1 is ev5 on t acc\nt false4 ,miss+ & entirely mi/ak+ its prop] object1 x mu/1 9 %ort1 prove absolutely null & void4 ,prop]ly1 inde$1 ?is inquiry ne$s no peculi> ^w nor special division & sci5tific designation4 ,! "n g5]ally ( philosophy1 or specially ( a philosophy ( ,god1 is p]fectly suffici5t to designate ! inve/igation into sci5ce & fai?1 & _! reciprocal relation--_! abid+ discord1 or its h>moni\s reconciliation & intr9sic concord4 ,& ?is is prop]ly ! po9t :i* is "h 9 "q2 x =ms ! ess5tial "p ( ! topic :i* we h at pres5t to exam9e4 ,! int]nal s*ism 9 ! fai? itself ,i =m]ly exclud$ f our inquiry1 z n ly+ prop]ly )9 ! limits ( philosophy1 & belong+ to a high] tribunal4 ,i at ! same "t express$ my conviction t ,god alone c\ld univ]sally & totally reconcile x4 ,by ?is1 h[ev]1 ,i w\ld n by any means wi% to be und]/ood z ass]t+ t works on ?is subject1 writt5 ) a ?or\gh k ( hi/orical facts1 & 9 a lum9\s & in/ructive /yle1 c n contribute mu* to ! refutation ( error4 ,works ( ?is nature may1 9 _! degree1 t5d to br+ ab\t a mutual approximation ( s5tim5t4 ,= !y s]ve to elucidate & cle> up po9ts :i*1 ev5 ?\gh !y d n involve ! ess5tial articles ( positive belief2 d1 nev]!less1 greatly & ext5sively co-op]ate 9 keep+ alive a mutual spiritual ali5ation & e/rangem5t ( m9d4 ,! great m]it ( treatises ( ?is k9d1 :5 compos$ ) high intellectual p[]s & 9 t noble _s :i* is at once j & desir\s ( peace1 mu/ n 9 any case be d5i$ or depreciat$4 ,nev]!less1 x is idle to pret5d t ! influ5ce ( su* essays1 :e!r great] or less1 is n conf9$ to a limit$ sph]e1 ext5d+ to a few individuals1 or at mo/ to classes4 ,to judge by ! usual c\rse ( ! div9e ord] 9 ! realm ( tru?1 a total conv]sion ( ! :ole m9d ( ! age1 or a reawak5+ ( entire nations1 is only to be expect$ f a high] & univ]sal impulse imp>t$ f above4 ,z a prep>ation1 h[ev]1 = t div9e peace 9 a univ]sal unity ( fai?1 :i* s repeat$ly & s _m ways is promis$ mo/ di/9ctly ev5 to ?is life1 no?+ c be s effective z to remove1 if possible1 or at lea/ to reconcile1 t triple discord already describ$ z divid+ & di/ract+ ! inn] man4 ,& ?is is a matt] :i*1 z ly+ )9 ! sph]e ( human consci\sness & sci5ce1 unque/ionably belongs to ! doma9 ( philosophical inve/igation4 ,& x is ev5 ! duty ( philosophy1 :5ev] x foll[s its prevail+ m$iatory & aton+ t5d5cy1 to attempt sci5tifically to br+ ab\t ! reconciliation ( t /rife1 &1 undisc\rag$ by repeat$ failures1 /ill to labor to re-e/abli% ! p]fect & pr(\nd h>mony ( consci\sness & ( life4 ,n[ ! fir/ diss5sion1 t1 viz41 betwe5 sci5ce & fai?1 :e!r actual or app>5t1 requires = its removal be=e all ?+s a mutual und]/&+ & compromise4 ,! second diss5sion betwe5 fai? 9 g5]al1 ev5 a m]e philosophical & natural fai?1 & t unbelief :i* is s g5]al & preval5t 9 our age1 c only end ) ! p]fect triumph ( ! tru?4 ,= only by ! full light ( div9e k & tru?--by ! triumphant exposition ( ?is true light1 & by ! magic p[] ( su* a display on ! m9ds ( m5--%all d\bt & infidelity be fully eradicat$ & de/roy$4 ,! ?ird diss5sion1 betwe5 bo? fai? & sci5ce on ! "o h&1 & life on ! o!r1 ne$s1 = ! removal ( all misund]/&+1 some?+ m ?an a m]e peace & compromise on ! disput$ po9ts4 ,= ?is purpose !re is requir$ a ?or\gh union ( bo? c>ri$ out into fruitful & practical application1 by :i* ! liv+ fai? & ! liv+ sci5ce may ev9ce !mselves z su*1 & manife/ _! true & :olesome influ5ce on life1 h[ev] at pres5t e/rang$ f & adv]se to x4 ,! second & ! ?ird ( ^! diss5sions are res]v$ = consid]ation 9 ! two foll[+ ,lectures2 b ! fir/1 t1 viz41 :i* subsi/s betwe5 fai? & sci5ce1 is to =m ! subject1 & its reconciliation ! problem ( our pres5t disquisition4 ,n[1 is ?is diss5sion necess>ily & really gr\nd$ 9 ! ?+ itself1 & 9 ! nature ( ! ?+8 ,or1 r1 does ! blame ( x lie ) m51 & 9 _! defective appreh5sion & =m8 ,i h no hesitation 9 say+ t a liv+ fai? & a liv+ sci5ce w nev] be at issue toge!r1 at lea/ on ess5tial po9ts4 ,9 ?ree cases1 no d\bt1 a diss5sion1 a reciprocal misund]/&+1 & endless conflict betwe5 bo? is p]fectly conceivable4 ,x is possible1 ei!r :5 ! fai? is a m]e matt] ( memory & ( a few acquir$ notions1 r ?an a deeply-root$ conviction ( ! s\l4 ,or1 secondly1 s9ce all ! faculties ( ! human m9d ought to co-op]ate 9 giv+ a full int]nal developm5t & an ext]nal %ape to ! tru? ?us div9ely imp>t$1 x may spr+ up ev5 :5 ! s\l receives x ) a full love1 b is nev]!less pr9cipally1 or at lea/ too mu*1 "u ! dom9ion ( a lively fancy1 to ! exclusion ( a due admixture ( cle>ness ( und]/&+1 & ! circumspection :i* belongs to ! di/+ui%+ judgm5t4 ,or1 ?irdly1 x may arise1 on ! o!r side1 :5 a conceit$ & presumptu\s sci5ce seeks to e/abli% itself r ?an tru?1 & places m dep5d5ce on its own conclusions ?an on its ann\ncem5ts4 ,:at1 !n1 is fai?1 tak5 9 itself1 b ! reception into ! s\l ( ! div9e & div9ely-communicat$ v]ities8 ,& :at is sci5ce1 m ?an ! appreh5sion !re( by ! m9d gei/8 ,are !re1 !n1 two tru?s1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 "o or ! o!r is n true8 ,und\bt$ly !re exi/s1 along ) ! _s ( tru?1 ano!r _s--t ( contradiction & negation4 ,b ! latt] is no _s ( tru?1 b ! _s ( untru? & delusion s (t5 describ$1 :i* inv>iably triumphs :5ev] ! m9d ( man1 9 its pursuit ( k1 seeks itself r ?an ! tru?1 & consequ5tly f9ds1 p]ceives1 & reta9s no?+ b its own ,me4 ,& ?is evil _s ! s\l ev5 meets half way :5ev] x is incapable ( embrac+ & reta9+ ! life & ! _s ( ! holy fai?1 & :51 consequ5tly1 ^! quickly flee away1 & no?+ b ! lett] & ! empty =m rema9 beh9d4 ,b :]e ! _s ( tru? has once dep>t$1 error 9 manifold %apes & =ms f9ds1 "o way or o!r1 an entrance into ! s\l4 ,is x n "o & ! same tru? :i*1 on ! "o side1 speak+ f ! "o revelation1 impresses itself on ! s\l ( man z ! comm&+ voice ( love enjo9+ fai?1 & :i*1 on ! o!r1 condesc5d+ly (f]s & pres5ts itself to ! m9d or _s ( ! believ] z a my/]y1 9 ord] t he may1 if he w1 inve/igate x 9 ord] to discov] & adopt ! mean+ & ! light t are veil$ & inclos$ )9 x8 ,is !re1 !n1 to be a p>ty feud & a civil w> 9 ! he>t ( man1 betwe5 s\l & _s1 ! two elem5ts ( 8 exi/5ce2 j z if x 7 "s ill-organiz$ /ate :]e1 9 opposition to ! supreme political p[]1 "s insubord9ate body sets itself up 9 au?ority1 & presumes to give ! law8 ,ought1 =soo?1 ! s\l 9 secret to be lib]al1 &1 9 half-unbelief1 to grant immunity to all mann] ( lu/s & desires1 :ile ! _s is legitimi/ 9 s5tim5t & con/itutional 9 language8 ,or ought ! s\l to be hone/ly ultra & a ?or\gh legitimi/ 9 its e/abli%$ fai?1 :ile ! m9d1 on its "p1 by its lib]al measures1 is p]fectly fall+ into error8 ,s f> is ?is f be+ all[able1 t ev5 ^! names & ^! p>ties w\ld soon cease & disappe> altoge!r1 if1 in/ead ( p>ty1 ! k1 & ! might1 & ! inspiration ( life--! supreme life1 i4e41 or ,god1 7 once to take full possession ( ! m9ds ( m51 & s animate !m anew & ard5tly inspire !m ) ! common _s & ardor ( ! "o fai? & ! "o sci5ce4 ,n[1 ! int]m$iate l9k :i* unites sci5ce ) fai?--! mean function betwe5 bo? :i* admits ( demon/ration )9 ! limits ( ! consci\sness & ( philosophy1 is disc]nm5t erk5n54 ,( ?is !re are two k9ds3 ! "o di/+ui%es betwe5 "r & wrong1 &1 consequ5tly1 z a sep>ate function1 directs itself outw>dly 9 its op]ation1 & obs]ves diff]5ces4 ,by ! o!r we see & compreh5d1 or und]/& & disc]n1 t two objects app>5tly diff]5t1 are prop]ly & ess5tially "o & ! same4 ,x is ) ?is intr9sic & inw>dly-direct$ disc]nm5t t we are "h conc]n$4 ,= x is by ?is highe/ function ( ?\ght1 :i* p5etrates into ! inmo/ ess5ce ( ea* ( two ideas1 & by its s5t5ce decl>+ _! simil>ity1 t we p]ceive & disc]n t ?is sci5ce & t fai? are ess5tially id5tical4 ,disc]n+ 9 ?is s5se is some?+ diff]5t f kn[+2 x is1 z x 71 a second kn[+2 or1 if we may be all[$ to express ourselves ma!matically1 8kn[+ rais$ to a high] p[]40 ,x is ?is t discov]s ! ess5tial unity ( ,sci5ce & ,fai?1 & t mu/ br+ ab\t ! re/oration ( concord betwe5 !m1 & reconcile !m ) ea* o!r4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ?is second & high] kn[+1 or ?is sci5ce ( sci5ce1 be ref]r$ & conf9$ to "o's own ,me or ,self1 z is too (t5 done1 su* a c\rse w only lead u out ( ! common error ( ! ord9>y self-delusion into "o /ill m pr(\nd1 :i* w prove ! m complex & aggravat$1 ! m sci5tifically x is evolv$1 & :i* ,i h already depict$ to y 9 its true colors4 ,n[ ?is unity ( sci5ce ) fai? c only be f\nd & discov]$ 9 _! common object--9 tru?1 consequ5tly1 & i4e4 9 ,god1 :o is ! sum ( all tru?4 ,m]e negations--l t ( ! idea ( ! inf9ite1 or ! notion ( ! immeasurable1 :i* is applicable ev5 to nature itself1 or t ( ! absolute or unconditional1 ( :i* _m palpably errone\s applications might easily be made--no su* pure negations1 nor ev5 any m]e enum]ation ( pr$icates & prop]ties devoid ( intr9sic coh]5ce1 c furni% u ) an adequate conception ( ! ,deity4 ,b n[ if a cognition1 an und]/&+ ( life 9 g5]al1 be atta9able 7& no skeptical p]plexities h yet be5 able to det] or s$uce man's s\nd common s5se f ent]ta9+ & act+ ^u su* a supposition71 !n x is cle> t !re is no reason = hold+ ! notion ( ! supreme life 9 & by itself to be impossible or utt]ly unatta9able by man4 ,n[1 ?is is ! pa? :i* a pr(\nd] sci5ce & philosophy has inv>iably m>k$ out = itself 9 ?is respect2 & 9 ! ?ree diff]5t p[]s1 :i*1 h[ev]1 are at ! same "t b "o1 9 ! tr9e en]gy ( ! "o fir/ cause ( all1 has x ev] s\ght & discov]$ ?is highe/ notion4 ,9 ?is notion belong+ to ! supreme sci5ce1 z advanc$ by philosophy 9 v diff]5t ages ( ! _w & among widely-remote nations1 !re is a rem>kable resemblance1 al?\gh 9 ! subord9ate /atem5ts !re is a great] or less admixture ( error4 ,9 ! mid/ ( _m subord9ate ab]rations1 x has recogniz$ ! "o great fact1 t 9 ! ,supreme ,life1 :o has ,8 life 9 ,himself1 & is ! prime s\rce ( all o!r life1 !re is1 at ! same "t1 a creative intellig5ce & ?\ght :i* f ! beg9n+ issu$ !refrom z ! ,et]nal ,^w self-subsi/5t & ord]+ all ?+s1 & t ! ,light :i* proce$$ !refrom 0 itself also ! fir/ life4 ,b n[1 j z ?is orig9al life1 :i* 0 f ! beg9n+1 0 n simply ,inf9ite1 b ev5 ! s\rce ( all f9ite & inf9ite exi/5ce1 & z ?is ,life is an illum9ation :i* illum9ates ,itself & all o!r ?+s1 s is ?is ,light also a liv+ entity1 & n m]ely spiritual & immat]ial 7= z su* ev5 ,x might /ill be a "p ( nature71 b "o ?or\ghly sup]natural & holy1 &1 if man w h x s1 an awful light :i* repels all d>kness f itself1 &1 et]nally reject+1 annihilates x4 ,n[1 ?is ,life1 ?is ,^w1 & ?is ,light1 ^! ?ree diff]5t p[]s 9 ! same en]gy & 9 ! "o sub/ance1 :i* ev51 !re=e1 is call$ ! ,supreme1 is at once ! highe/ object ( all sci5ce1 & ! c5t] & fundam5tal s\rce ( all fai?4 ,& ?is sci5ce ( ! ,highe/1 ev5 :5 reg>d$ exclusively f ?is s+le aspect ( kn[+1 does n exhibit itself z entirely sep>ate f1 & indep5d5t (1 fai?1 b ev51 z su*1 is f ! v fir/ 9 contact ) x1 &1 tak5 simply z kn[+1 involves 9 x a concurr5ce & co-op]ation ( fai?4 ,9 v _m & diff]5t1 n to say inf9itely v>i\s ways x may be %[n1 po9t$ out1 & e/abli%$1 t )\t ?is full & correct notion ( ! ,supreme ,be+1 e o!r species ( exi/5ce & ( k mu/ be )\t coh]5ce & prop] significance4 ,h[ev]1 z has be5 s (t5 obs]v$ already1 !re is n involv$ 9 x any /rict necessity4 ,x does n possess any rigor ( logical sequ5ce1 con/ra9+ ! ass5t ( "o :o 9 8 he>t is o!rwise dispos$1 & 9 8 s5tim5ts has o!rwise det]m9$4 ,= s mu/ x ev] be3 ! f9al resolve ( conviction is left to ! free ass5t1 t quiet int]nal concurr5ce ( ! w already m5tion$1 :i* 9 g5]al br+s man into actual communion ) ,god1 & op5s & enl>ges 8 s5se = ! div9e--s9ce su* ass5t is itself ev5 t s5se1 or1 at lea/1 ! pr9ciple & comm5cem5t ( x4 ,& ?is complem5t ( ! highe/ sci5ce1 :i* is furni%$ by ! free int]nal ass5t1 is ev5 ( itself no?+ less ?an an act ( fai?4 ,consequ5tly1 ! complete & correct notion ( ! ,supreme ,ess5ce is ! my/ical r+ 9 :i* sci5ce & fai? are at ! fir/ beg9n+ indissolubly connect$4 ,no?+ b ! p]v]sity & %ortsight$ness ( m5 9 reg>d bo? to sci5ce & fai?1 te>s !m asund] aga91 &1 sep>at+ :at 9 ,god is "o & :at ,he has jo9$ toge!r1 sets sci5ce & fai? 9 ho/ile opposition1 mutually ob/ruct+ & de/roy+ "o ano!r4 ,moreov]1 ?is highe/ notion ( ! highe/ sci5ce is ! sci5tific v]tex or ! sci5tifically culm9at+ expression ( man's univ]sal belief 9 ! "o liv+ ,god4 ,= if ?is "o ,god is necess>ily to be conceiv$ ( z endu$ ) life1 x w be suffici5t = me to appeal to ! fact1 t physical sci5ce kn[s n1 & no "o ev5 c conceive or compreh5d or ?9k ( a mode ( life 9 any sph]e ( exi/5ce1 )\t imply+ a plurality1 or1 at lea/1 a duality ( co-op]at+ =ces4 ,b if1 fur!r1 we are to ?9k ( x z a p]fect life1 !n mu/ !re be 9 x a ?ird liv+ en]gy or op]ation4 ,?us1 !re=e1 on ?is side also ! highe/ notion ( a sci5ce :i* has atta9$ to its end1 & to ! summit ( all exi/5ce & all k1 is 9 p]fect unison ) ! univ]sal feel+ ( tru? & ! natural & simple fai? ( man4 ,b n[1 if ! highe/ sci5ce & a div9e fai? intr9sically & ess5tially be prop]ly "o1 x w naturally turn & dep5d on ! pres]vation ( ! true ratio & correct proportion betwe5 ! two p[]s & elem5ts ( human exi/5ce1 :e!r or n 9 _! fur!r application & actual life !y are to cont9ue at unity1 )\t com+ into ho/ile collision & discord4 ,! believ+ s\l1 l ! mi/ress ( a family1 ought to hold & reta9 ! *ief place 9 ! h\se2 ! _s t kn[s1 or t aims at k1 z ! ma/]1 may pursue out ( doors :atev] avocations x pleases1 only x mu/ be cont9ually return+ to ! dome/ic he>?1 & !re w>m itself at ! pure asc5d+ flame ( devotion & pi\s m$itation4 ,& if 9 its w&]+s x %\ld mo/ love to /ray 9 ! ri* & bloom+ g>d5 ( nature1 !n ( ! r>e aromatic woods & se$s x !re ga!rs1 x may ?r[ "o or m into ! fire1 9 ord] to add "s sweet1 e!real inc5se to its w>m+ & illum9at+ flames4 ,or1 leav+ figure1 to express myself 9 m precise & exact t]ms--! believ+ "p ( ! consci\sness obs]v+ its due proportion1 ought n to refuse & reject ! true & ,godlike sci5ce toge!r ) t :i* is ,godless1 p]nici\s1 & false4 ,s1 too1 ! cognitive or sci5tific portion ought to ab/a9 f all ho/ile attacks on ! o!r doma9 & on positive fai?1 :i* 9 all probability x has n suffici5tly /udi$1 & /ill less p]fectly und]/&s4 ,& ?us1 also1 :5 ?is cognitive "p 7z x ought1 & z is ess5tial to its tru? & correctness z sci5ce7 c>efully wat*es itself & rigor\sly ab/a9s f all arbitr>y1 presumptu\s1 & egoi/ic op9ions & ideas1 sugge/ions or beg9n+s ( ideas1 z involv+ ! fir/ disposition to false sci5ce & e species ( error1 !n !re is no ne$ = x to be held 9 *eck by ! o!r "p1 nor to be limit$ by x4 ,b 9 any case we mu/ be ready to admit t ! fault lies 9 man1 & on no acc\nt suppose t ! diss5sion has its gr\nd 9 ! ?+ itself4 ,= ! ?+ "h is no?+ less ?an tru? itself1 :i* c n be tw(old1 s9ce ,god ,himself is ?is tru? & ! sum !re(4 ,x is !re=e important1 on ! "o h&1 by means ( ! old _s1 to be ev] giv+ new life & en]gy to fai?1 by c>ry+ x back cont9ually to its own et]nal f\ndations1 9 ord] to av]t ! dang]1 :i* is ev] ?reat5+ x1 ( spiritual deadness & ( ! asc5d5cy ( ! lett] t kille?4 ,&1 on ! o!r h&1 we ought nev] to cease f or to become we>y ( ref9+ m & m ! high] philosophical sci5ce f all ! egoi/ic dross ( arbitr>y op9ions & fanci$ apodictic conclusions1 labor+ ! :ile to complete x accord+ to ! ?reefold dim5sions 7to haz>d ! expression7 ( ?is s utt]ly immeasurable ess5ce ( ev]la/+ tru?1 by keep+ incessantly 9 view ! unfa?omable dep?1 ! inaccessible height1 ! inexhau/ible c5t] ( bliss ( ! "o inconceivable & ineffable ,be+4 ,= ! fault & ! cause ( ! diss5sion mu/ 9 no case be ascrib$ to ! ?+ itself1 b inv>iably ei!r to a dead1 imp]fectly enlight5$1 & untellig5t fai?1 on ! "o h&1 or on ! o!r1 to ! arbitr>y assumptions or "o-sid$ conclusions ( a sci5ce1 :i* 9 ?is respect & degree at lea/ is false & errone\s4 ,b inasmu* z ! fault & orig9 ( ! diss5sion has p>tly its f\ndation 9 human imp]fection & f9it5ess1 we mu/ re/ cont5t1 ev5 if we c n all at once get rid ( & remove x4 ,we mu/ be satisfi$ if 9 ?is ceaseless /ruggle ) man's h]$it>y & connatural fault ( error1 ! progress ?\gh sl[ is sure4 ,x is en\gh if 9 ?is surely advanc+ progression1 ea* /ep1 h[ev] %ort1 br+s u ne>] to ! tru?1 & to ! p]fect cognition ( ! unity ( ! highe/ sci5ce & div9e fai?4 ,b ?is is a po9t on :i* ev5 individuals1 ) ! mo/ p]fect hone/y ( purpose & a s9c]e love ( tru?1 too (t5 g wrong4 ,unable1 p]haps1 to reconcile to _! own m9ds "s conflict+ claim ( sci5ce & ( fai?1 & to see _! way cle> out ( _! p]plexities1 !n to cut ! knot ( ! problem to :i* !y despair ( soon f9d+ a satisfactory solution1 !y precipitately adopt "s p>tial & ov]ha/y conclusion4 ,b sl[1 extremely sl[1 is ! advance ( man's m5tal enlight5m5t 9 ! realm ( tru?4 ,& if ! c\rse ( ,provid5ce1 accord+ to ! v gradual progression ( div9e ord] 9 ?is doma91 mu/ be c\nt$ by mill5niums1 !n 9 ! life ( individuals1 ye>s & decades mu/ be reckon$ z days & h\rs4 ,ev5 ?\gh "s grave d\bt1 di/ract+ ! inmo/ feel+s1 b sc>cely def9able 9 express t]ms--"s oppressive problem sugge/$ by ! peculi> m5tal temp]am5t ( ! individual1 c n be resolv$ 9 ?ree h\rs1 or ev5 ?ree days1 /ill x may p]haps 9 ?ree ye>s2 & if ?ree ye>s be too little1 !n ?irty ye>s may probably suffice4 ,:ile 9 spite ( ?is inw>d d\bt we foll[ un9t]rupt$ly our vocation 9 out] life1 _m a sil5t *ange is effect$ 9 our m9ds1 & s at l5g? ) alt]$ views & enl>g$ exp]i5ce we atta9 to a calm & cle> conviction on ! po9ts :i* at an e>li] p]iod _h appe>$ to u obscure1 _h held u 9 susp5se1 & oppress$ u ) p]plex+ difficulties4 ,?is is ! only road t c be safely trod by ^? :o desire above all ?+s to reta9 a div9e fai?1 b at ! same "t n to r5\nce ! pursuit ( high] sci5ce4 ,& is n ?is ! difficult position 9 ! pres5t day ( e well-dispos$ p]son :o is 9 any way connect$ ) sci5ce1 or ^: pursuits 9 life require him to occupy himself ) x8 ,b n[1 9 ! case ( physical sci5ce1 we are all cont5t to obs]ve ?is law ( t>dy progress2 inde$ we ?9k x q natural1 & hold x to be ! only correct me?od4 ,& x is only by foll[+ a simil> c\rse 9 ! int]nal inve/igations ( philosophy t we %all ev] arrive at a /able position & ! firm gr\nd ( et]nal tru?4 ,by any o!r me?od1 we %all mo/ assur$ly lose ourselves among ! ev]-%ift+ sy/ems :i* *ange ) ! fa%ions ( ! day1 or be c>ri$ away by ! baseless hypo!ses ( ?is or t sect or s*ool1 :i*1 l ! /]ile blossoms 9 ! spr+1 fall fruitless to ! gr\nd4 ,9 respect to ?is t>d9ess ( progress1 :i* mo/ assur$ly is at lea/ n inconsi/5t ) true philosophy1 ,i c appeal to my own in/ance1 :i* 9 su* a case is1 ,i hope1 all[able4 ,x is n[ n9e-&-?irty ye>s s9ce ,i fir/ read1 ) indescribable avidity1 ! entire works ( ,plato 9 ! orig9al2 & ev] s9ce1 amid _m o!r sci5tific /udies1 philosophical rese>* has be5 my pr9cipal & favorite avocation4 ,9 ?is pursuit _m & v>i\s h be5 ! sy/ems ( sci5ce--( discord & ( error--t ,i h _h to w&] ?r\gh4 ,satisfi$ nei!r ) ! op9ions ( o!rs nor ) my own views1 ,i felt reluctant to come =w>d ) a sy/em ( my own4 ,9 ! mean :ile my view ( philosophy has be5 9 a /ate ( in*oation & ( t>dy b progressive developm5t4 ,sl[ly & incompletely1 little by little1 incid5tally & fragm5t>ily1 at diff]5t epo*s1 has "s ( its pr9ciples come to ! light1 or escap$ me 9 my e>li] lit]>y works & compositions--an explanation :i* ,i d n consid] sup]flu\s1 ev5 = ^? :o are be/ acqua9t$ ) !m4 ,b ! m ,i held fa/ to ! two poles ( div9e fai? & ( supreme sci5ce1 :i* z su* is also div9e1 ! firm] foot+ did ,i ga9 9 t po9t & t c5t] 9 ! ev]la/+ ,beg9n+1 9 :i* bo? are "o & cease to be at issue1 b r intimately coh]+1 d b l5d fre% life1 /r5g?1 & elevation to ea* o!r4 ,& n[ at l5g? ,i believe ,i h atta9$ to t po9t :51 fully p]suad$ myself ( ?is unity ( sci5ce & fai? z gr\nd$ 9 ,god1 ,i may safely indulge ! wi% to imp>t to o!rs ?is important tru?1 publicly to set x =?1 & develop x to ! :ole _w4 ,& x is to me no slight cause ( congratulation t ,i am to ent] ^u ?is task 9 ! pres5t place & 9 ! pres5t mann]4 ,besides ^? po9ts ( correlation already po9t$ out1 betwe5 ! highe/ sci5ce & fai?1 !re is /ill ano!r way 9 :i* ! =m]1 9 its all-embrac+ notion ( ! triple life ( ! primal cause & =ce1 is ref]r$ to fai?1 & ev5 to its positive articles & its div9e au?ority4 ,x is oblig$ to appeal to ?is1 9 ord] to f9d & ma9ta9 its guid+ rule & correct /&>d = ! fur!r application & developm5t ( ?is highe/ & fundam5tal notion1 & to keep x de> ( all errone\s & extravagant excresc5ces4 ,! necessity ( ?is w be be/ & mo/ simply %[n by a few hi/orical in/ances4 ,:5 we op5 any ( ! anci5t writ+s ( ! ,h9doos1 :e!r x be _! sci5tific sy/ems1 _! books ( laws & cu/oms = practical life1 or _! m]ely my?ological poems1 we f9d !m1 9 e in/ance1 bas$ on ! notion ( a div9e tr9ity1 &1 9 "s cases1 ass]t+ x 9 express words & phrases4 ,b inasmu* z1 =gett+ to ma9ta9 ! unity toge!r ) ! tr9ity1 !y ab&on$ ! simple tru? & made !re\t ?ree di/9ct gods1 ! metaphysical !ory 7:i* o!rwise conta9s s _m & di/9ct traces ( anci5t tru?7 & ! tr9ity ( ! ,h9doos has become a pure my?ology1 compris+ z long a g5ealogy ( gods z any o!r4 ,b ! ret5tion1 h[ev]1 ( ?is fundam5tal notion1 _! my?ology has acquir$ a !i/ic hue & color+1 :i* =ms a /rong contra/ betwe5 x & ! bett] kn[n my?ology ( ,greece1 not)/&+ t 9 o!r respects1 & 9 its purely poetic portion1 x exhibits _m & /rong features ( resemblance & aff9ity4 ,?us1 9 ?is wond]ful *aos ( di/ort$ tru?1 ( mon/r\s error1 & pure fiction1 we meet ) t5 fabul\s creations ( m51 in/ead ( ! s+le true "o ) :i*1 only )9 ! la/ ?ree c5turies1 ! ,h9doos h =m$ a m ?or\gh & p]man5tly-bas$ acqua9tance4 ,moreov]1 9 life & 9 practice !re is exhibit$ a r5unciation ( ! _w1 & a mortification ( ! body1 :i*1 f> surpass+ ! rigor\s self-d5ial ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian solit>ies 9 ,egypt1 is c>ri$ to an int5sity & an extreme :i* x is almo/ incr$ible t human nature %\ld be capable (4 ,b co-exi/+ ) all ?is1 we meet ) immoral practices & lic5ti\s excesses sanctifi$ by falsehood & sup]/ition1 simil> to ^? we h already become acqua9t$ ) 9 ! m s5sual hea!nism ( antiquity1 t1 ,i mean1 :i* prevail$ among ! anci5t races ( ?is our we/]n portion ( ! globe4 ,into su* a frightful abyss ( error ev5 ! mo/ spiritual sy/em ( metaphysics inevitably falls1 or at lea/ easily becomes associat$ ) falsehood1 :5ev] x is left entirely to itself1 & is devoid ( a div9e rule = its guidance1 & ! simple /&>d ( a high] & heav5-desc5d$ au?ority4 ,9 ! hi/ory1 too1 ( ! developm5t ( ! ,grecian m9d we discov] a simil> doctr9e advanc$ 9 "o ( its late/ epo*s4 ,! ,neo-,platoni/s 7 v well acqua9t$ ) ?is doctr9e & idea ( a div9e tr9ity2 z1 inde$1 x may also be trac$ 9 ! /ill e>li] writ+s ( ,plato himself4 ,h[ f> ! expressions & =mul>ies employ$ by ! =m] writ]s sci5tifically to convey ?is idea 7 p]fect & correct is a "q :i* does n conc]n u at pres5t to inquire4 ,moreov]1 ! det]m9ation ( x w\ld c>ry u f> beyond our prop] limits1 inasmu* z its exact solution w\ld require a nice & accurate classification ( ! sev]al writ]s & sy/ems :i* belong to ?is s*ool4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 suffici5t to rem>k t ?is pr(\nd metaphysical s*ool ( ! ,neo-,platoni/s1 :i* reckon$ among its adh]5ts ! ,emp]or ,julian1 /ood 9 direct & ho/ile collision ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,to adapt to ! purpose ( _! opposition ! old ,grecian my?ology1 a fai? 9 :i* _h s5sibly decl9$ ev5 among ! masses1 !y attempt$ to mold x accord+ to _! own views & notions1 into su* a !ological %ape & direction z w\ld make x m closely resemble ! ,indian4 ,by ?is means !y believ$ x possible to revive & reanimate ! popul> fai?4 ,b1 ev5 if _! ult]ior view & _! :ole object & actuat+ motive _h n tak5 a direction s decid$ly ho/ile to ! tru?1 /ill _! ent]prise1 ev5 z su*1 c\ld n b misc>ry4 ,no d\bt ! my?ology ( ,greece1 9 its e>lie/ times & orig9al %ape1 did conta91 9 "s ( its less prom95t & m hidd5 passages1 esot]ically int]pret$1 a few symbolical doctr9es & some:at !i/ic ideas1 z _m a pr(\nd exam9] ( x1 9 mod]n times1 has recogniz$ & demon/rat$4 ,b1 not)/&+ all ^! traces1 :i* we mu/ reg>d z ! rema9s ( an old] tradition ( ! prim>y k & full revelation belong+ to primeval times1 /ill1 9 subsequ5t ages1 ! ,grecian my?ology _h1 on ! :ole1 assum$ exclusively & pre-em95tly a poetic developm5t & =m1 :i* ev5 subord9at$ to itself t political t5d5cy :i* 9 s _m ( its details is s /rong4 ,x 01 !re=e1 no?+ less ?an an absurd & inconsi/5t attempt to try1 s late 9 ! day1 to metamorphose ?is beautiful _w ( fable into a factiti\s !ory ( metaphysics1 & a colossal sy/em ( my/icism1 aft] ! mann] & fa%ion ( ! ,indian4 ,accord+ly1 l e o!r attempt t is fundam5tally false & directly oppos$ to ! _s ( ! age1 x pass$ away at la/1 )\t leav+ a trace ( its influ5ce4 ,?is incl9ation to ! poetic ab]ration ( poly!ism & a deification ( nature1 s univ]sally preval5t 9 ! hea!n antiquity ( ! ,we/1 r5d]s x easily conceivable :y1 9 ! fir/ & ,jewi% portion ( writt5 revelation1 su* great /ress is laid pre-em95tly & prim>ily on ! on5ess ( ! liv+ ,god4 ,all o!r expressions--su* z t ( ! et]nal creative ,^w1 ( ! life-giv+ ,_s ( ,god--are1 z x 71 b allusions full ( hidd5 mean+ = ! m cle>-sight$ & pr(\nd] inquir]s4 ,h[ num]\s1 nev]!less1 su* indications are2 h[ frequ5t ! ref]5ce to ?ree p[]s or p]sons--! "t1 en]gy1 & prop]ty ( ! "o ,supreme ,be+--an allusion to :i* is conta9$ ev5 9 ! diff]5t ,hebrew names ( ! ,godhead1 is kn[n & ackn[l$g$1 ev5 by ^? :o w\ld1 if !y c\ld1 d5y x1 bo? to !mselves & o!rs4 ,! tradition ( ! ,jews1 :i*1 ly+ )\t ! /rictly-def9$ body ( ,scripture1 yet proce$s concurr5tly ) x1 :ile x possesses ( itself no au?ority1 is1 nev]!less1 a v useful ?\gh too mu* neglect$ s\rce ( illu/ration = ! sacr$ volume4 ,n[1 9 ! ,talmud ! doctr9e & notion ( ! div9e tr9ity is express$ q fully & di/9ctly1 & )\t res]ve2 al?\gh 9 ! mode & mann] ( conceiv+ x !re is mu* t is bo? false & objectionable4 ,9 t second portion ( revelation ) :i* our pres5t era comm5ces1 toge!r ) ! fulfill+ & p]fection ( ! object ( fai?1 ?is supreme sci5ce is br\ght prom95tly & cle>ly =w>d4 ,no d\bt a c]ta9 caution & degree ( res]ve on ?is doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity are di/9ctly visible 9 ! e>lie/ tea*+ & /atem5ts1 s long z ! prea*+ ( ! new fai? 0 conf9$ )9 ! ,jewi% nation1 on ^: m9d ! idea ( ! on5ess ( ,god 0 /ill deeply impr9t$1 ev5 ?\gh1 l e o!r pr9ciple ( _! religion1 x 0 ill und]/ood & _h long ceas$ to be embrac$ ) a liv+ en]gy1 be+ tak5 m]ely 9 ! dead lett]4 ,b ere long ?is ?9 veil 0 also remov$ f ! ,all-holy ,"o1 & ! great my/]y ( fai? set =? z ! introduction to ! f\r? & la/ ,gospel4 ,f ! latt] ,i h accord+ly borr[$ t designation ( ?is great my/]y :i* is ev5 ! mo/ appropriate to sci5ce2 ( ! supreme life :i* is itself omnipot5ce1 ( ! et]nal ^w :i* is om9is5ce1 & ( ! uncreat$ light :i* is ! ,all-holy4 ,c]ta9 great ?9k]s1 :o1 h[ev]1 9 _m respects c n be class$ among prop] ,*ri/ians1 h inde$ recogniz$ & ackn[l$g$ ! pr(\nd significance ( ?is op5+ ( ! ,gospel4 ,only !y adopt$ a _s ( ho/ile analysis1 :i*1 z x attack$ s _m ( ! great works ( old5 "t1 did n sp>e ev5 ?is div9e monum5t4 ,!y lo/ !mselves 9 all sorts ( sup]flu\s hypo!ses z to ! s\rce f :i* ?is or t passage 0 d]iv$1 & ) :at object x 0 introduc$4 ,mu* simpl] 7 x1 )\t hav+ rec\rse to any su* artificial explanations1 to receive ! div9e tru? 9 s9c]ity z x is (f]$ to u4 ,if we mu/ ascribe "s special design = its composition1 x w be suffici5t to suppose1 t aft] ! ,evangel ( ,life & ! new era comm5c+ !re) _h be5 suffici5tly set =? z hi/ory 9 a triple n>rative1 x 0 requisite to add !reto ?is ,evangel ( ! ,beg9n+--z ! ,gospel accord+ to ! _s ( ! highe/ sci5ce1 9 s f> z ?is is fully id5tical ) ! div9e fai?1 & h5ce=w>d 0 always to cont9ue "o ) x4 ,x 0 q 9 ! natural ord] ( ?+s t ! ^w :i* 0 utt]$ at ! beg9n+ ( ! mat]ial creation1 & is ! basis ( ! fir/ revelation1 %\ld also at ! op5+ ( ! second revelation1 & ! spiritual creation ( a new era1 be repeat$ 7?\gh 9 a diff]5t & f> high] s5se7 = ! s\l 9 ! realm ( tru?3--8,& ,god said3 ,let !re be light1 & !re 0 light40 ,,lecture ,x4 ,,( ,,! ,,tw(old ,,_s ,,( ,,tru? ,,& ,,error ,,9 ,,sci5ce2 ,,( ,,! ,,conflict ,,( ,,fai? ,,) ,,infidelity4 ,9 ! t]re/ial creation1 9 ! realm ( nature1 no soon] did ! behe/ g =?1 8,let !re be light10 ?an ! accompli%m5t =?) foll[$4 ,sc>cely 0 ?is light & life-creat+ ^w spok51 ?an x 0 succe$$1 spontane\sly & imm$iately1 )\t let or h9d]ance1 by ! second ^w ( ! joyful conclusion3 8,& !re 0 light40 ,q o!rwise1 h[ev]1 is x 9 ! life & 9 ! _w ( free-creat$ man1 9 ! progression ( 8 intellectual developm5t1 9 ! hi/ory ( 8 m9d gei/1 9 8 n[ advanc+1 n[ retrograd+ ?\ght & k4 ,"h1 inde$1 ! fir/ call to light & div9e tru? does n pass ov] ev5 man's /ubborn & taciturn he>t altoge!r unhe$$ & unansw]$1 & )\t elicit+ "s fa9t response4 ,b la/+ is ! /ruggle betwe5 light & d>kness1 betwe5 k & ignorance1 betwe5 fai? & infidelity4 ,ev] wav]+ f side to side1 & fluctuat+ f "o extreme to ano!r1 ! victory long rema9s undecid$4 ,& c5turies (t51 nay1 ?\s&s ( ye>s1 pass away ere ) p]fect tru? t ^w ( fulfillm5t & completion c be utt]$1 & we c g on1 und\bt$ly1 to say1 8,& !re 0 light40 ,ev5 :5 ! true end is pursu$ along ! direct road1 ! "r track is (t5 lo/ amid ! endless /rife & controv]sy ( m51 :ile a long tra9 ( useless discussion raises s ?ick a cl\d ( du/ z %uts x entirely out ( sight1 & s a new r\te has to be s\ght & op5$ f q an opposite qu>t]4 ,h[ deeply 0 ! ,g5tile _w sunk 9 wild & cruel sup]/ition1 :5 ! ,great ,prophetic ,_s & ! ,disp]s] ( t ,egyptian d>kness1 :i* hung ov] x1 repeat$ or wrote d[n ^? fir/ words ( light = ! spiritual no less ?an ! mat]ial creation6 ,assur$ly he _h 9 view !reby a new g5esis = 8 p--a new life & a new beg9n+ ( light4 ,!n foll[$ fifte5 c5turies ( probation4 ,& :at 0 ?is long p]iod b "o ceaseless ?\gh alt]nat+ /ruggle betwe5 light & d>kness8 ,at ! end ( x1 9 spite ( its great & noble gifts & sup]ior k1 ! :ole nation _h fall5 into ! l[e/ dep?s ( luxury & corruption1 on ! "o h& a prey to ! wild] passions1 on ! o!r spiritually dead & rott54 ,b1 ! %ad[ ( its =m] self1 x dragg$ on a mis]able exi/5ce1 oppress$ by a =eign yoke & torn by inte/9e sects & p>ties4 ,! "o claim+ to be ! only legal sect 7& z conc]n$ ! lett] ( ! law1 & ! outw>d ritual1 x 0 s 9 fact71 & arrogant & ob/9ate1 closely adh]+ to ! dead lett]1 0 widely e/rang$ & ali5at$ f ! _s ( love & mildness4 ,& ?us ! v "n ( ,ph>isee has become odi\s & hateful1 hav+ pass$ into a prov]b & a by-^w4 ,:olly mi/ak+ ! mean+ ( ! revelation imp>t$ to !m1 !y misund]/ood ! future to :i* x ref]r$1 no less ?an ! imm$iate =tunes ( _! nation & _! own condition4 ,consequ5tly !y w5t totally wrong 9 ! int]pretation ( ! =m]1 z well z ( ! problem ( ! pres5t :i* 0 laid be=e !m4 ,= !y took x 9 ! n>r[ & p]v]t$ _s ( p>ty4 ,no d\bt ! ,ph>isees reckon$ among _! memb]s _m truly pi\s1 well-dispos$1 & "r-?9k+ individuals--m51 :o 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! new era ( ! _w1 z appeals f ! simple hi/ory ( ^? times1 ackn[l$g$ ! tru?1 & recogniz$ ! h& ( ,god po9t+ & lead+ onw>d to ! future4 ,^! m5 m\rn$ 9 sil5ce ov] ! revolt+ pride & /iffneck$ness ( _! cotempor>ies4 ,b ?\gh endu$ ) great le>n+ & tal5ts1 & burn+ zeal = "r & tru?1 !y did n v5ture op5ly to oppose & to tea* diff]5tly f _! bre?r51 ev5 because 9 reality ! law1 ! dead & ext]nal law1 0 on _! side4 ,b ! o!r p>ty 0 t ( ! ,sadducees4 ,q diff]5t 9 pr9ciple1 ^! 7 ! innovators among ! ,jews4 ,expla9+ away ! !ological cre$ ( _! nation1 !y w5t s f> 9 ?is direction z to ?r[ into %ade1 & to "q1 or1 r1 absolutely to d5y1 ! immortality ( ! s\l4 ,9 civil matt]s & que/ions ( law & policy1 !y 7 ! lib]al free-?9k]s ( _! day4 ,f amid ^! two d>k cl\ds1 :i*1 if !y %one at all1 glimm]$ only ) ! deceptive halo ( ! false light & hue ( p>ty1 broke ! new dawn & sun ( ,tru?--at fir/ unobs]v$1 nor und]/ood by any1 s ?ickly _h ^! mi/s ov]spread ! horizon4 ,b ?is new g5esis1 & ?is full illum9ation1 0 no long] de/9$ exclusively = a s+le p4 ,accord+ly1 x gradually spread ov] ! t5 or twelve great nations :o occupy two p>ts ( ! habitable globe1 & also possess & gov]n ! greate/ portion ( ! ?ird & ! mo/ anci5t4 ,& x is1 9 %ort1 by means ( t intellectual sup]iority & civilization :i* !y owe to ?is spr++ ( a new era1 & ?is fir/ light1 t ! =m] be> rule 9 ! remote/ regions ( ! e>?4 ,s9ce ! dawn+ ( t day-spr+ eighte5 c5turies h elaps$1 & sadly torn & di/ract$ is ! pres5t aspect ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,we %\ld1 no d\bt1 give a v di/ort$ picture ( ! /ate ( ,*ri/5dom 7 we anxi\sly to trace its resemblance1 ?r\gh e m9ut] trait & nic] %ade1 to ! old _w at its close & at ! end ( ^? fifte5 c5turies ( ,jewi% prep>ation4 ,su* a m9ute p>allel w\ld be false1 :e!r we 7 to comp>e x to ! moral /ate & "* ( t nation1 m5tally bl9d$ & hurry+ ) ha/y /eps t[>d its ru91 or ev5 to ! old hea!n _w ( ,rome1 already condemn$ by an>*y & infidelity4 ,/ill x is g5]ally true4 ,= x is und5iable t man is p]petually relaps+ into diss5sion & p>ty qu>rels1 ev5 :ile ! h& :i* sways ! de/9ies ( ! _w1 9 ev]-recurr+ epo*s ( r5ovation1 is cont9ually pres5t+ to him anew bo? tru? & life1 heal? & peace4 ,& e "o c answ] = himself ! "q :e!r ?is new proclamation ( light & tru?1 ?is div9e message ( peace & salvation1 has yet rea*$ its full accompli%m5t4 ,has ! ,sun ( ,righte\sness yet p5etrat$1 & ca/ its bright beams on all ! relations ( life1 to ! v inmo/ jo9ts ( s\l & _s8 ,c x ) p]fect tru? be said1 relatively to ! :ole human race1 8,& !re is light0--t light1 at lea/1 :i* alone is good1 ev5 because x %all rema9 =ev]8 ,= ^? meteoric sp>ks :i* fla% across ! univ]sal night & d>kness1 f ! sy/ems ( man's wisdom1 :i*1 cross+ & recross+ ea* o!r's pa?1 are soon aga9 ext+ui%$ =ev]2 or ^? cl\ds ( public op9ion1 *>g$ ) electric fluid & ) pe/il5ce1 :i*1 = ! mo/ "p1 is b ! public outbur/ ( "s p>ty passion2 ^! emit no la/+1 no salut>y1 &1 !re=e1 no true light4 ,d>k & gloomy1 too1 p]haps1 9 its future prospects1 appe>s ! long /ruggle betwe5 div9e tru? & human discord1 betwe5 light & d>kness1 betwe5 fai? & infidelity4 ,b ! m difficult & intricate ! problem is :i* =ms ! !me ( our pres5t disquisition1 ! m dilig5tly & ! m consci5ti\sly ought we to seek out & dwell ^u e bright & quiet spot4 ,= su* alone c *e] u on our way along ! rugg$ pa? t leads to ! blissful goal ( int]nal & spiritual peace1 :i* w ess5tially contribute to give a solid basis to ! public & social tranquillity1 & to insure its p]man5ce4 ,sl[ly & gradually is x t ! individual m9d1 di/ract$ & vacillat+ betwe5 ,god & a div9e fai? on ! "o h&1 & a high]1 or ev5 ! highe/1 sci5ce on ! o!r1 advances 9 its progress t[>d ! p]fect tru?4 ,arriv+1 /ep by /ep1 at full] & bett] convictions1 x atta9s at la/ to a cle> disc]nm5t t1 prop]ly & fundam5tally1 ^! two app>5tly-conflict+ objects are n di/9ct1 b 9 _! inmo/ ess5ce are p]fectly "o4 ,b = ! f9al atta9m5t ( ?is end1 ! mo/ important condition to be obs]v$ is t sci5tific pati5ce to :i* ,i call$ y\r att5tion 9 ! la/ ,lecture4 ,! *ief ?+ to be gu>d$ aga9/ is a precipitate & ov]-ha/y decision4 ,= by su* we %\ld incur ! great dang] ( sacrific+ ! sacr$ deposit ( fai? to sci5ce1 or ( fooli%ly reject+ ! treasures ( true sci5ce1 :i* z su* is indisp5sable to ! high] life1 & ev5 necess>y & useful = ! confirmation ( fai? itself4 ,& :y1 9 ! pursuit ( tru?--t prop] spiritual !me & highly int]e/+ matt] ( ! o!rwise flat & insipid drama ( life--%\ld we feel indispos$ to su* a sci5tific pati5ce1 z ,i call$ x8 ,:y %\ld we be unwill+ to recognize x z :at x really is--bo? salut>y & indisp5sable to human frailty1 &1 z an intellectual virtue1 no less necess>y ?an ev5 moral pati5ce8 ,& ! latt] is ev5 ! fundam5tal condition ( e great or little bus9ess1 & almo/ e pursuit ( life1 if x is to atta9 to a happy result1 & is n to fail ( its true end & aim4 ,= pati5ce is1 z x 71 ! indisp5sable portion :i* _! e>?ly exi/5ce br+s to all m54 ,n only is x ne$$ by ! invalid on ! b$ ( sickness1 9 ! long & t$i\s obs]vance ( 8 physician's precise & rigid prescriptions--n only is x want$ by ! tea*] 9 8 tr\blesome task ( giv+ ! fir/ developm5t to ! intellectual p[]s ( ! *ild--n only is pati5ce requisite = ! judge :o has to settle ! complicat$ qu>rel ( two litigants1 ( :om ea* claims 8 sympa?y1 ea* desires to w9 him to 8 own side & to bias 8 judgm5t--b x is also indisp5sable to ! w>rior :om ambition hurries =w>d 9 ! pursuit ( honor = himself & 8 c\ntry4 ,= numb]less are ! h>d%ips & privations1 & _m1 too1 are ! mis]ies :i* ! soldi] mu/ und]go be=e he c ga9 ! object ( 8 hopes1 ! h>d-f\ght battle & ! glori\s victory4 ,! /atesman1 too1 ) 8 wide sph]e ( influ5ce & au?ority1 /&s em95tly 9 ne$ ( pati5ce4 ,h[ wat*ful & compreh5sive mu/ be 8 vigilance1 h[ delib]ate 8 precautions1 le/ ! organic c\rse ( 8 adm9i/ration %\ld come to a *eck or /op1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 hav+ neglect$1 or fail$ to provide = any s+le memb] ( ! great body1 or any regulat+-:eel 9 ! complicat$ ma*9]y ( ! /ate4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 !re are also mom5ts 9 human life :]e ! f9al issue turns n s mu* on a /eady & uni=m p]sev]ance 9 cont9u\s activity1 z on a decid$ resolution & firmness ( purpose4 ,among ^! we may place =emo/1 p]haps1 9 an intellectual relation1 ! diss5sion betwe5 fai? & infidelity1 & ! *oice at ! po9t :]e ! two bran* (f =ev]4 ,x is n "h my design to set up1 to comm5d1 & to extol fai?1 nor to decry1 to attack1 & to make w> ^u infidelity4 ,= ! =m] w\ld take me beyond my pres5t limits2 ! latt] w\ld lead me into a b\ndless field ( details1 & require me to take an exhau/ive survey1 n only ( all actually exi/5t1 b also ( all conceivable1 prejudices & delusions4 ,my pr9cipal object is r to sket* a true & exact picture ( bo?1 compris+1 at ! same "t1 all _! hi/orical manife/ations1 & expla9+ _! psy*ological causes1 9 ord] to exhibit !m bo? 9 _! true light1 s t man may *oose = himself & decide betwe5 !m4 ,n[ ! app>5t--or x may be real1 b /ill only accid5tal--s*ism betwe5 sci5ce & fai? is1 9 ! fir/ place1 int]nal4 ,x is (t51 inde$1 pr(\ndly hidd5 & conceal$ 9 ! inmo/ dep?s ( ! he>t4 ,x is !re=e inw>dly only t x admits ( be+ adju/$ & f9ally reconcil$4 ,:5 ?is task is once accompli%$ 9 ! he>t ( an individual1 & ! *oice is at lea/ made "o way or ! o!r1 !n ?is decision manife/s itself outw>dly1 ei!r z ! triumph ( tru? 9 ! unity ( sci5ce & fai?1 or z infidelity & skepticism1 %[s itself 9 ! =m ( a det]m9$ opposition to ?is unity1 or to fai? itself4 ,& ! latt] is ! =m x also assumes 9 ! int]m$iate case :5 ! s*ism betwe5 sci5ce & fai? is decl>$ to be irreconcilable4 ,op5ly express$1 !re=e1 ^! two views g f> beyond ! orig9al diss5sion1 & pass into ! second s*ism & conflict betwe5 fai? & infidelity4 ,& al?\gh ?is problem be itself an orig9al & int]nal "o1 /ill x reveals itself pre-em95tly z a practical s*ism 9 actual life1 & x is z su*1 also1 t x develops & manife/s itself 9 hi/ory4 ,b x is our object to make ?is comp>ison & p>allel betwe5 fai? & infidelity1 9 ! full practical mean+ ( ! words1 useful & hi/orically applicable to life4 ,= ?is purpose we mu/ n reg>d infidelity z f\nd$ exclusively on caprice1 av]sion1 or ob/9acy--consequ5tly on ignorance--b consid] x r z enjoy+ e intellectual advantage1 & comm&+ all ! res\rces ( le>n+ & sci5ce4 ,= a purely p]sonal1 & m]ely negative unbelief1 )\t any deep f\ndation1 & )\t ev5 an app>5tly sci5tific confirmation1 is nei!r v dang]\s to ! community1 &1 above all1 pres5ts little if any int]e/ to philosophy4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 if fai? is successfully to cope ) su* an adv]s>y1 furni%$ ) all ! armor & exp$i5ts ( sci5ce1 x mu/ be able to /& ! comp>ison ) x 9 ?is respect4 ,x mu/1 9 %ort1 be conceiv$ & set =? 9 its natural relation to true sci5ce1 &1 tak+ its prop] place & position1 mu/ act 9 union & co-op]ation ) x4 ,i mu/ "h1 h[ev]1 premise a second prelim9>y rem>k4 ,i c n br+ myself to foll[ a v g5]al op9ion1 & look ^u fai? z a true & duly mod]at$ m$ium betwe5 sup]/ition & infidelity4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i jo9 sup]/ition ) infidelity1 & c n b class !m toge!r4 ,if by ?is t]m ( sup]/ition no?+ is meant b "s exagg]ation or o!r1 "s ov]-excitem5t ( ! moral & religi\s feel+s 9 individuals1 !n su* a purely-p]sonal case admits n ( be+ rais$ to a g5]al rule1 nor elevat$ into a univ]sal pr9ciple4 ,& 9 any case x does n fall )9 ! range ( philosophical speculation4 ,= ! c>e ( ! spiritual heal? & heal?y diet ( ! believ+ s\l1 :i* draws bo? life & love f ! deep s\rces ( fai?1 belongs to a :olly diff]5t prov9ce f t ( philosophy4 ,b by ?is ^w & notion ( sup]/ition !re is (t5 und]/ood a v *ildi% error1 :i* does n duly sep>ate & di/+ui% ! figurative language & figurative =ms ( fancy f ! sub/ance ( ! true intr9sic mean+4 ,?is error1 :i* ?us conf\nds ! figurative expression ) reality1 & takes x to be some?+ real1 may ju/ly be call$ *ildi%1 inasmu* z x is univ]sally peculi>1 almo/ natural1 to ! intellect ( *ildr54 ,n[1 9 & by itself1 & simply und]/ood1 su* an int]nal optical delusion results f no?+ b a psy*ological imp]fection1 or a m]e semblance ( intellectual nature4 ,b :5 ?is error is c>ri$ out into a sy/em1 & appli$1 on a l>ge scale1 to ! sum & ess5ce ( fai?1 !n1 und\bt$ly1 x possesses a pr(\nd] orig9 & significance4 ,?is species ( sup]/ition belongs to "o ( ^? classes ( error :i* ,i am ab\t to describe4 ,:51 = in/ance1 an actual positive error is compris$ 9 & und]/ood by ?is "n1 !n x belongs to infidelity1 :i*1 9 g5]al1 is r a false fai? ?an any m]e abs5ce ( belief4 ,infidelity1 9 %ort1 is an errone\s belief4 ,& su*1 also1 is e species ( sup]/ition1 & ?is designation ( x by ! "n ( errone\s fai?1 if g5]ally adopt$1 w\ld be m correct & accurate1 or1 at lea/1 less liable to be misund]/ood ?an its ord9>y title4 ,=1 to adh]e to ! usual t]m1 e species ( infidelity is ei!r a mat]ial deification ( nature & a wor%ip ( ! s5sible p[]s ( life1 or x is an ab/ract deification ( ! absolute subjective ,me1 & ! pure reason1 ) its endless ?9k+ & kn[+4 ,ev5 :5 x is conceiv$ 9 a purely skeptical light z an absolute n-kn[+1 /ill ev5 9 ?is case x is ! und]/&+ t is deifi$4 ,/&+ ap>t f1 & ?9k+ itself sup]ior to1 ! weak prejudices ( o!r m5--9 its negation feel+ & fancy+ itself to be in/9ct ) g5ius--x is reg>d$ & set up z ! highe/ object ( exi/5ce1 & !reby 9 a c]ta9 intellectual s5se is made an idol (4 ,ev5 ! evil p[] ( p]v]t$ g5ius--= su* we may well call x :5 x v5tures to contemn bo? law & "r1 & fancies itself to be rais$ high above ! voice ( consci5ce & ! moral duties ( docility & humblem9d$ness z belong+ to ord9>y m9ds--ev5 su* a p]v]t$ g5ius may be made ! idol ( a man :o has once turn$ 8 back on ! simple tru? & on ,god1 & has arrogantly set himself 9 opposition to bo?4 ,we may1 9 %ort1 )\t hesitation1 advance x z an inv>iable pr9ciple & an un]r+ rule1 t ! man :o has lo/ or ab&on$--n to say reject$--! idea & belief 9 ! "o good & righte\s ,god1 has en%r9$ )9 8 brea/ & *]i%es "s m or less dang]\s idol1 :e!r x be ! subjective ,me or "s fe>ful passion1 or1 x may be1 "s firm & well-f9i%$ sy/em ( deifi$ reason or nature4 ,! complete notion or ideal s*eme ( pure fai?1 9 its organic union1 co-op]ation1 & true relation ) all high] & ) all natural or e>?ly sci5ce1 mu/ be conceiv$ ( & sket*$ 9 agreem5t ) ! triple pr9ciple ( ! human consci\sness1 accord+ to :i* x is divid$ into _s1 s\l1 & s5se4 ,at lea/ x is 9 ?is way t x c mo/ easily be made cle>1 & be+ accurately appreh5d$ 9 its ess5tial prop]ties & nature1 is kept di/9ct f all =eign elem5ts & adscititi\s matt]s4 ,b infidelity1 & t d\bt & abs5ce ( h>mony f :i* x takes its rise1 z well z t error :i* results f x1 h _! seat 9 ! f\rfold consci\sness4 ,^! all owe _! orig9 to t disunion 9 :i* ! m9d 0 involv$ by ! ,fall1 & :i* manife/s itself pr9cipally 9 ! diss5sion :i* subsi/s betwe5 ,fancy & ,reason1 & ev5tually de/roys all h>mony & co-op]ation betwe5 ! ,und]/&+ & ! ,w4 ,= ?is tw(old s*ism 9 ! human consci\sness is ! s\rce ( all philosophical error & ( its v>i\s false sy/ems4 ,& ?is sci5tific error aga91 s soon z x atta9s to a practical utt]ance1 & 9 a liv+ =m ent]s into or int]f]es ) life1 becomes infidelity4 ,orig9ally1 h[ev]1 ! consci\sness 0 n ?us r5t by diss5sion4 ,?r\gh\t1 9 its triple pr9ciple ( s5se1 s\l1 & _s1 prevail$ "o liv+1 h>moni\s action4 ,n[1 9 ?is its natural /ate1 ! s\l mu/ be reg>d$ z ! pr9ciple ( fai?4 ,& ?is is a po9t especially to be borne 9 m9d4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 too (t5 =gott54 ,& consequ5tly ! fai?1 or1 r 7= we are n speak+ at pres5t ( ! subject-matt] s mu* z ( ! m5tal act71 ! believ+1 is 9 an ext]nal mann] d]iv$ v incompletely & unsatisfactorily f ! divid$ & quadruple consci\sness4 ,= g5]ally ! act ( believ+ & its ess5ce is made to consi/ 9 a c]ta9 int]nal res]ve on ! "p ( bo? und]/&+ & w1 & a simil> control ( ! fancy1 & ev5 ( ! reason1 z well z 9 ! recognition ( ^! limits & ( su* limitation4 ,we mu/1 no d\bt1 admit t !re may be v mu* :i* ! human intellect c n fa?om nor see ?r\gh4 ,?is x w\ld by no means be difficult to prove4 ,& /ill m easy 7 x to %[ t man's w c n always give ! law1 b mu/ (t5 submit to & recognize a high] & m univ]sal au?ority4 ,& z reg>ds ! fancy1 e "o w be ready--n to say =w>d--to make a some:at simil> admission4 ,! faculty ( imag9ation1 s5su\s & mat]ial 9 its orig9 & 9 its op]ation1 & always rema9+ 9 ! highe/ degree subjective1 is liable to innum]able illusions1 to :i* we ascribe no value1 or1 r1 :i* we c>efully endeavor to dispel f our m9ds1 :5ev] we attempt to p5etrate into ! inmo/ ess5ce ( ! highe/ tru? :i* x is ! object ( fai? to embrace4 ,t1 moreov]1 ! reason1 no less ?an ! fancy1 has its peculi>--"o might almo/ say1 its innate--optical delusions1 mu/ be b too well kn[n to e "o :o has made ! slighte/ progress 9 ! art ( logic1 & advanc$ beyond ! m]e elem5ts ( a philosophical exam9ation ( ?is faculty4 ,all ?is1 h[ev]1 is only a negative nature4 ,! m]e recognition & ackn[l$gm5t ( ! fact t we c & ought to re/ra9 our reason & res]ve our judgm5t :5ev] a high] act ( fai? comes into "q--or1 9 o!r words1 t 9 su* a case ! absolute reason1 ) its logical processes & laws ( ?\ght1 is n alone qualifi$ to decide1 b meets ) limits :i* x is unable to surm\nt--su* concessions d n lead to any positive result4 ,!y d b e/abli% ! possibility ( a fai? :i* may transc5d & is n conf9$ )9 ^! b\nds4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 !y lead to ! inf]5ce t su* a fai? is ?or\ghly conceivable1 & t :ile x transc5ds ! reason is1 nev]!less1 rational1 & capable ( be+ br\ght into p]fect unison ) ! s\nd reason1 !y d n by any means e/abli% at once its reality4 ,all ?is is r ! prep>atory /ep to believ+1 & n ! true liv+ fai? itself4 ,a true liv+ fai? 7& we are "h speak+ ( ! function ( believ+1 r ?an ( ! p>ticul> details ( a positive cre$71 is no?+ else ?an ! reception into ! s\l ( ! tru? giv5 unto u by ,god4 ,& inasmu* z ! s\l is 9 its orig9 lov+1 &1 inde$1 ! v faculty ( love1 a true liv+ fai? c n be ?\ght ( or exi/ )\t ?is accompanim5t ( love1 :i* is ev5 its di/9ctive *>act]i/ic4 ,9 ! case1 = in/ance1 ( a special =m & positive rule ( fai?1 ! incompet5cy ( ! reason & und]/&+ to pass a def9itive judgm5t on su* high & div9e matt]s may be ackn[l$g$1 & ev5 ! ext]nal w may sacrifice its own incl9ations & submit to ! requirem5ts ( a positive law4 ,b s long z all ?is rema9s1 z x 71 ext]nal to man1 s long z ! s\l )9 does n concur !re)--a fact :i* may be infallibly disc]n$ by ! want or abs5ce ( love--!n 9 ?is case x is b a dead fai?1 ev5 ?\gh outw>dly1 & 9 ! judgm5t ( o!rs1 x may pass z legitimate & or?odox4 ,!n only is x a true liv+ fai? :5 x is :olly receiv$ into ! entire s\l1 z manife/$ by its int]nal fruitfulness 9 spiritual ?\ght & moral action4 ,= x is ! s\l t believes--t same ?9k+ & lov+ s\l :i* we h already designat$ ! c5t] ( ! collective consci\sness ( man & ( 8 moral life4 ,9 ?is /ate1 h[ev]1 ! s\l has und]gone a *ange2 is ?is high] act ( believ+ its cogitation has become /eady & uni=m1 & its love p]fectly pure & abid+ly p]man5t 9 ,god4 ,b n[1 if 9 ! triple consci\sness ! s\l be ! pr9ciple ( fai?1 !n is ! _s or m9d gei/ t ( high] sci5ce1 ( free ?\ght1 ( a full & complete disc]nm5t1 & ( ! f9al & supreme act ( di/+ui%+ & decid+4 ,& by ?is high] sci5ce ,i mean t :i* has = its exclusive object ! et]nal tru?1 & ,him :o is ! sum & s\rce ( all immutable v]ities4 ,b1 ?irdly1 ! s5su\s faculty is ! pr9ciple ( all l[] s5sible1 t]re/rial1 & natural k4 ,& ?is comprises all human hi/ory1 & toge!r !re) all language & art1 & e bran* ( le>n+ t is occupi$ !re)4 ,b besides ! physical sci5ces1 ma!matics also belong to ?is dep>tm5t1 = ^! are dep5d5t on ! s5su\s conditions ( numb]1 weight1 & measure1 & consequ5tly on "t & space1 & on ^? mat]ial prop]ties :i* fill space1 viz41 gravity & solidity4 ,n[ !re is no?+1 h[ev] hidd5--no?+1 h[ev] pr(\nd--into :i* ?is s5su\s pr9ciple ( k1 :i* inve/igates all t is e>?ly1 natural or human1 & hi/orical1 may n attempt at lea/ to p5etrate4 ,only ! inquir+ s5ses mu/ n quit _! true c5t]4 ,9 o!r words1 !y ought n to make a ho/ile attack on ! c5t] ( ! consci\sness1 :i* is ev5 ! believ+ s\l4 ,!y mu/ n1 by break+ ?r\gh x1 or pass+ by x1 attempt viol5tly & unduly to asc5d to ! highe/4 ,= 9 su* a case1 attempt+ to create a supreme & highe/ object ( _! own1 rais+ x on _! own soil1 & draw+ its mat]ials f _! own s\rces1 !y w produce no?+ b absolutely false & m]e nature-gods1 or else "s hi/orical phantoms1 or idols ( national recollections & patriotic en?usiasm1 su* z 7 en%r9$ 9 ! hea!n wor%ip ( antiquity4 ,= ev51 )\t mat]ial images & alt>s1 su* an idolatry may be reviv$ 9 a sci5tific =m1 simil> to :at we h witness$1 or1 if we look ar\nd u1 may /ill witness1 ) our own eyes4 ,& z little c ! free _s ( supreme k look d[n f its own height on ?is c5t] ( ! s\l1 & pay no reg>d ei!r to fai? or love4 ,9 ! dep?s ( s5su\s obs]vation1 amid all ! ri* treasures ( physical & hi/orical sci5ce1 x c n move z sov]eign )\t be+ fir/ inve/$ ) ! lum9\s g>m5t ( pure fai? & love4 ,o!rwise x only ha/5s f "o error to ano!r to fall f ! fir/ abyss into a second & /ill deep] "o4 ,! pure & liv+ fai? ( a lov+ s\l abid+ p]man5tly 9 ,god1 is prop]ly ! c5t] ( ! human consci\sness--! natural passage ( life = ! s5ses z !y asc5d into ! heights1 & = ! m9d or _s z x p5etrates into ! dep?s4 ,x is ! connect+ mean :i* n only reconciles & adju/s1 jo9s & comb9es ! two1 b also re/ores !m to h>moni\s unity4 ,9 ! prec$+ ,lecture ,i consid]$ ! notion ( ! tru? 9 :i* ! supreme sci5ce & ! div9e fai? co9cide1 & are at unison 9 ref]5ce to _! subject-matt]--consequ5tly1 z ! "r notion ( ,him :o is tru? itself4 ,view+ x ?us f its objective side pr9cipally1 ,i designat$ x ! sum & s\rce ( all tru?4 ,we h n[1 9 ! progress ( our speculations1 met aga9 ) ?is notion 9 its subjective aspect4 ,x is *iefly 9 reg>d to its =m t x is at pres5t to engage our att5tion4 ,we h1 9 %ort1 to answ] ! "q h[ ! consci\sness mu/ organically be =m$ & fa%ion$1 & divid$1 b /ill h>moniz$ 9 all its p>ts1 s t 9 ?\ght & k1 9 fai?1 love1 & sci5ce1 9 inve/igat+ & 9 le>n+1 x may be well-gr\nd$ & f9d a /able re/+-po9t1 & be no long] di/ract$ by diss5sion & d\bt4 ,n[ ! m ! liv+ fai? becomes love ! m does x1 ?r\gh ! imm$iate feel+ & p]sonal exp]i5ce ( life1 atta9 to ! c]ta9ty ( sci5ce4 ,= :atev] we exp]i5ce 9 our own selves1 or :atev] our own life br+s z acqua9t$ )1 :atev] we are imm$iately s5sible (1 & feel t we also "k & are c]ta9 ( x1 t at lea/ is a matt] on :i* we are n likely to be l$ a/ray by ! seem+ dialectical pro(s ( ! opposite1 or by all skeptical attacks1 or objections to ! effect t su* an imm$iate s5sation & k ( a high] object is impossible4 ,al?\gh we are incapable ( refut+ !m1 we are1 nev]!less1 unmov$ by ! d\bts :i* are rais$ ev5 aga9/ ! possibility ( our own life & exi/5ce4 ,we let !m pass by & /ill live on 9 ! _w until1 9 "s unlook$-= mom5t1 & "s unhop$-= way1 ! true solution1 & ! answ] to ^! cavils :i* call 9 "q ! reality bo? ( man's inn] life & 8 p]sonal exp]i5ce1 spontane\sly sugge/ !mselves4 ,& 9 ! same way t ! highe/ sci5ce1 s soon z x disc]ns & und]/&s its own nature1 also becomes consci\s ( fai?1 & ( its own dep5d5ce on fai?1 & be+ support$1 complet$1 & p]fect$ !reby1 comes into imm$iate & liv+ contact ) x1 s1 on ! o!r h&1 ! high] fai? 9 ! div9e1 ! m vivid & ! m e>ne/ x is 9 love1 becomes a m imm$iate conviction1 & a sci5ce f\nd$ on ! p]sonal exp]i5ce ( life4 ,fai? 9 ! s\l1 z ! c5t] ( man's entire consci\sness1 may be lik5$ to ! outspread canopy ( ! blue heav5s1 accord+ to t old5 notion ( x z a firmam5t1 :i* p]haps 9 its figurative inve/iture /ill conta9s mu* t is /rik+ly true4 ,accord+ to ?is old b beautiful conception1 ! firmam5t 0 a def9ite limit t divides ! heav5 f ! e>?4 ,above x ! free e!r ( light diffuses itself & /ret*es into ! wide regions ( illimitable space2 :ile 9 ! l[] sph]e1 inclos$ by ! firmam5t1 ! w9d ( life ,leb5sw9d n[ plays ) refre%+ motion1 n[ desc5ds to ! e>? 9 quick5+ dews or f]tiliz+ %[]s1 or draws out ( ! gr\nd & to ! light ! hidd5 spr+s ( life & mighty /reams4 ,fai?1 !re=e1 is1 z x 71 ! heav5ly firmam5t 9 ! consci\sness t divides ! /reams ( spiritual life & ( ext]nal & int]nal sci5ce t are above x1 f ^? t are "u x4 ,if ?is b\nd>y be tak5 away1 or viol5tly brok5 ?r\gh1 ! light & ! d>kness are no long] held ap>t1 b m+le toge!r 9 "o confus$ & ord]less mass4 ,! true light gr[s d>k] & gradually becomes ext9ct1 :ile ! d>kness beg9s to %9e ) a false gl>e & ! glimm]+ twilight ( p]nici\s delusion4 ,! old *aos breaks 9 aga9 ^u ! human m9d1 & x becomes anew :at x =m]ly 01 8)\t =m & void40 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! triple consci\sness pres]ves its beautiful ord] & h>mony1 !n ! _s1 z ! heav5ly height above1 ! s5sible nature z ! deep bel[1 & ! s\l z ! firmam5t betwe5 !m1 are inde$ divid$1 b n sep>at$ or ho/ilely oppos$ to ea* o!r4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! height z well z ! deep1 & ! :ole circle ( spiritual exi/5ce1 are organically comb9$ & unit$ toge!r 9 ?is c5t] ( fai? 9 ! s\l4 ,n[ ?is orig9al con/itution ( ! m9d be+ pres]v$1 ! fur!r developm5t & progress ( k & tru? may be reg>d$ z ! second /ep ( int]nal creation1 :]e9 ! light beg9s to %9e m & m on ! m9d & on sci5ce4 ,! fir/ cle> insight1 on ! o!r h&1 & int]nal p]ception t ! highe/ sci5ce & ! div9e fai? are n ess5tially di/9ct1 b are fundam5tally id5tical1 mu/ be consid]$ z ! e>lie/ entrance ( ! _s ( tru? into ! he>t ( man4 ,su* is ! "r notion ( fai?1 & ( a m9d :]e9 fai? & sci5ce are organically unit$ & h>moni\sly concordant4 ,b 9 ord] to af=d fre$om ( *oice betwe5 fai? & infidelity1 x is necess>y to contra/ ?is liv+ image ) ! complete picture ( a m9d involv$ 9 d\bt1 di/raction1 unbelief1 & error4 ,= all ! motives t c influ5ce a decision mu/ be furni%$ by a simple comp>ison ( ! two1 :i*1 inde$1 if made hone/ly & completely1 furni%es ( itself ! solution ( ! problem4 ,n[ ,i h already m ?an once call$ y\r att5tion to ! t5d5cy to discord1 & to ! dispos+ causes to error :i* subsi/ 9 ! natural con/itution ( ! human m9d ) its f\r poles or memb]s4 ,9 p>ticul> ,i direct$ y\r notice to ! fact t reason & fancy1 su* z !y n[ are 9 _! pres5t /ate ( mutual ali5ation & ( ho/ile opposition to ea* o!r1 c n be reg>d$ z orig9al faculties ( ! human consci\sness4 ,orig9ally !y 7 bo? 9 unison 9 ! ?9k+ & lov+ s\l s long z liv+ & work+ 9 fai? & tru?1 x 0 on t acc\nt confirm$ by ! div9e ,_s1 & pres]v$ by union ) ,him4 ,b :5 x _h once lo/ ?is c5t] ( unity1 &1 its light be+ obscur$1 x _h become a prey to diss5sion1 x imm$iately fell asund] into ^! two halves or faculties ( ?\ght4 ,on ! "o h& /ood ! reason--z a m]e organ ( reflection--"o1 i4e41 :i*1 9 lifeless ab/raction1 ?9ks ov] ! objects previ\sly pres5t$ to x1 or z a m]e directive faculty ( ?\ght1 )\t any orig9ative p[]s ( its own2 :ile1 on ! o!r1 ! fancy pres5t$ itself ) a bl9dly-productive en]gy 9 ?\ght & inv5tion1 z a wild1 b1 nev]!less1 liv+ s5se & in/9ct ( nature4 ,reason & fancy1 !re=e--^? two faculties ( half tru?1 if x be all[able s to speak--:5ev]1 in/ead ( seek+ to escape f diss5sion by rev]t+ to a high] c5t] ( unity1 !y /& isolat$1 & attempt ea* by itself to reign supreme1 are ! real s\rce & actual seat ( all error4 ,n[1 "o species ( error to :i* man has be5 mo/ prone ev] s9ce 8 s\l 0 r5t asund] & lo/ its unity1 is ! subjective %ape :i* he gives to mat]ial ph5om5a4 ,= t fancy1 ev5 :5 mo/ compreh5sive1 pure/1 & be/1 inv>iably rema9s m or less subjective1 is a fact :i* no man w ei!r wi% or attempt to d5y1 any m ?an t ! imag9ation takes its beg9n+ f ! s5su\s impressions ( ! mat]ial _w4 ,& ?is subjectivity ( ! fancy may1 ,i ?9k1 be tak5 = grant$1 ev5 )\t any ref]5ce to & )\t discuss+ ! "q ( ! possibility ( demoniacal influ5ces4 ,n[1 ?is subjective %ap+ ( mat]ial ph5om5a =ms ! f\ndation ( all my?ology2 x is ! g5]al explanation ( all ! facts ( hea!nism4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 impli$ 9 ! v pr9ciple ( its explanation1 t manifold & v>i\s %apes or =ms & developm5ts are bo? conceivable & possible4 ,&1 9 actual fact1 x exhibits ! greate/ div]sity1 f ! rude objects ( ! grosse/ ,fetis*ism up to ! exquisite creations ( a ref9$ & arti/ic my?ology4 ,9 its actual manife/ations1 h[ev]1 & 9 its effects on practical life1 ! latt] /ill reta9s its aff9ity ) ! =m]2 at lea/1 x re/s on ! same f\ndation ( a poetical religion--"s view ( ! univ]se embodi$ 9 a real %ape--9 %ort1 ! deification ( nature4 ,we h "h tak5 ! old5 hea!nism 9 a v simple light1 & q g5]ally z a mat]ialism assum+ a poetic =m & expression1 b "o1 at ! same "t1 9 :i*1 z soon z we pi]ce ?r\gh its poetical inve/iture1 we disc]n _m po9ts ( contact ) ,pan!ism4 ,:51 h[ev]1 pursu+ a se>*+ hi/orical inquiry into ! hea!n modes ( conception1 we ent] ?or\ghly & deeply into its details1 we meet !re9 ) s _m magical rites & usages1 t1 9 spite ( any previ\s incl9ation to ! contr>y1 we feel indispos$ to d5y ! possibility ( a demoniacally-affect$ imag9ation hav+1 9 "s degree1 influ5c$ ! "* ( hea!nism4 ,&1 inde$1 ev5 9 a philosophical po9t ( view1 !re does n exi/ any suffici5t reason = su* a d5ial4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 z we =m]ly said1 is a matt] :i* ne$s n to be tak5 into consid]ation at pres5t4 ,x w\ld be a great mi/ake to suppose t ?is error ( a hea!ni% deification ( nature is conf9$ to ! anci5t _w1 or to ^? great & half-civiliz$ primeval races ( ! remote/ ,ea/1 :i*1 h[ev]1 rema9$1 & /ill cont9ue1 z x 71 a liv+ monum5t ( an e>li] epo* 9 ! developm5t ( humanity4 ,9 ! m intellectual ages ( ! _w1 physical sci5ce1 or ! philosophy ( nature1 may /ill be hea!ni%4 ,x may be ?is1 ev5 :ile ab/a9+ rigor\sly f all symbolical language1 x comes =w>d 9 ! highe/ elevation ( ! dynamical !ory1 & 9 pure sci5tific =mul>ies4 ,?is may be ! case ev5 :5 outw>dly x appe>s to be highly spiritual1 or1 at lea/1 f> remov$ f all ! ord9>y features ( mat]ialism4 ,& x is inv>iably su* :5ev] x recognizes no?+ high] or sup]ior to ! inf9ite vital =ce & its dynamical play & law1 &1 consequ5tly1 does b deify nature4 ,hea!ni% x mu/ ev] rema9 s long z x does no m ?an ?is4 ,?is =ms1 z x 71 a relapse ( sci5ce into hea!nism1 & "h1 "u a diff]5t =m1 fancy ass]ts h] old5 au?ority4 ,= ?is purpose %e does b assume a geometrical %ape1 &1 deck+ h]self out ) all ! ri*es ( sci5ce1 & mov+ ) free dynamic action1 speaks a ?or\ghly ma!matical language4 ,! po9t ( indiff]5ce1 & ! positive & ! negative pole ( all exi/5ce1 are n[1 s long z su* a philosophy recognizes no?+ beyond !m1 ! new gods :i*1 9 ^? sci5tific fictions1 :]e( our own age has be5 pr(use en\gh1 may receive a %ift+ rank & honor1 b /ill hold a simil> position !re9 to t ( ,jupit] & ,v5us1 or ,m>s & ,apollo1 9 ! anci5t my?ologies4 ,:51 h[ev]1 9 epo*s pre-em95tly devot$ to sci5ce1 & possess$ ( a true or false sci5tific enlight5m5t1 we look to ! :ole age & its g5]al tone1 ?is philosophical error ( an exclusive mat]ialism1 & ( a sci5tific deification ( nature1 does n appe> to be ! mo/ univ]sally preval5t4 ,x occurs r z an episode & an exception1 &1 9 a c]ta9 limit$ degree1 z an opposition to ano!r error1 :i*1 z x is receiv$ f> m g5]ally1 s x ex]cises a /ill m despotic au?ority ov] ! m9ds ( m54 ,i mean rationalism2 ?is is prop]ly ! new hea!nism ( sci5tific times4 ,"h1 9 ! inf9ity ( dialectics1 & ! endless dialectical disputes ( an ab/ract & empty ?9k+1 z well z 9 ! false semblance ( a logical necessity :i* prevails 9 ^! logical disputations1 lies ! s\rce ( ! second lead+ error ( philosophy4 ,all errone\s sy/ems1 :e!r ( philosophy or religion1 lie some:]e betwe5 ^! two extremes ( false ?\ght4 ,e species ( !oretical or practical unbelief or err+ fai?1 or ev5 ( a sci5tific sup]/ition1 ei!r approximates1 on ! "o h&1 to naturalism1 :e!r "u ! g>b ( a poetical symbolism1 or ! sci5tific =m ( a dynamical !ory1 or1 on ! o!r1 to ! absolutism ( ! reason1 ) its dead =mul>ies4 ,e religi\s & e philosophical error is ei!r a subord9ate or a di/ort$ species ( "o or ! o!r--or1 x may be1 a mixture--a mean comp\nd$ ( bo?4 ,manifold1 h[ev]1 or1 r1 innum]able1 are ! sev]al *anges & comb9ations into :i* ^! two elem5ts ( infidelity & an err+ fai? may1 &1 inde$1 actually d1 ent]4 ,^!1 !n1 are ! two pr9cipal elem5ts out ( :i* all ! o!r =ms ( error are produc$4 ,reason1 !re=e1 & fancy mu/ be look$ ^u z _! true roots & s\rces 9 ! human consci\sness4 ,!y spr+ ei!r f ! sci5tific productive faculty ( imag9ation1 z ! unpurifi$ s5se ( nature be=e ! ,_s ( ,god has mov$ on ! face ( ^! wat]s ( inf9ite life1 or f ! m]e subjective reason1 :i*1 9 its pursuit ( ! absolute1 ?9ks only & kn[s only its own ,me4 ,x is on ?is soil also t philosophical error fir/ assumes a sy/ematic %ape & developm5t4 ,our mean+ w p]haps be made cle> by an illu/ration f ! heal+ art4 ,conf9+ ourselves to ! simple facts1 we might say correctly en\gh1 fev] & g\t1 z two lead+ =ms ( human disease1 h _! seats ei!r 9 ! organs & circulation ( ! blood1 or 9 ! sy/em ( ! bones & muscles4 ,/ill x w\ld n be inconsi/5t ) su* a /atem5t to believe t ! prim>y occasion or cause ( bo? evils has a deep] & m hidd5 orig9 9 "s high] organ ( life )9 ! human frame1 & 9 "s d]angem5t or di/urbance ( its functions4 ,9 _! outw>d effects1 h[ev]1 & manife/ation1 ^! two diseases respectively seize ^u ^! two sph]es ( bodily organization1 & !re sp5d !mselves4 ,& ! same is true ( ^? two intellectual diseases1 rationalism & ! absolute sy/em ( nature1 z reg>ds ! reason & fancy4 ,! latt] are _! pr9cipal seats3 !y =m ! doma9 :]e9 all ! false productions ( err+ sy/ems are eng5d]$ & spr+ up1 or1 9 o!r words1 ! spot :]e ! p>oxysm ( _! int]nal enmity & /rife comes to a complete outbreak4 ,( c\rse we d n mean t ^! two diseases always pres5t !mselves simply & purely4 ,9 ! morbid /ate ( ! intellect1 z well z 9 ! simil> case ( organic affection1 !re are num]\s complications ( disease :i* require a c>eful & accurate treatm5t4 ,! fir/ cause ( all intellectual disease1 ( sci5tific error1 or sy/ematic infidelity1 or g5]ally ( e species ( a false fai?1 may lie /ill deep]1 or mu/ be trac$ /ill high] to "s m remote & hidd5 cause4 ,&1 9 tru?1 ! prim>y orig9 ( all human error is to be f\nd 9 ! ali5ation ( ! m9d or _s f ,god & ,8 et]nal light1 & 9 its inevitable consequ5ces--! obscuration ( ! s\l1 & ! bl9d+1 & ! ab]ration & disord] ( ! s5ses--& especially ( ! high] sci5tific s5se = tru?4 ,& 9 ord] t ! s5ses may be gradually re/or$ to _! true /ate & ord]1 & reop5$--& 9 ord] t ! s\l be also illum9at$ anew1 ! _s mu/ recov] its true lum9\s c5t] 9 ,god4 ,:5 ?is is once done1 ! :ole ( man's cognitive faculty w be re/or$ to its orig9al /ate4 ,b 9 ! outw>d manife/ations ( consci\sness1 z x is n[ entangl$ 9 & limit$ by ! mat]ial1 or s5sible _w1 or practical life1 ! absolute reason1 & a fancy totally m]g$ 9 & engross$ by nature1 =m ! two poles ( philosophical error4 ,9 all ! sy/ems hi!rto s frequ5tly allud$ to1 ^! two are ess5tially ! only s\rces ( delusion1 al?\gh1 ( c\rse1 innum]able int]m$iate t9ts or *emical comb9ations ( bo? are possible4 ,! und]/&+ & ! w--t is1 a faulty sophi/ical intellect1 & a faulty unconditional or absolute volition--d1 no d\bt1 ess5tially co-op]ate 9 ! =mation & completion ( bo? ^! errone\s sy/ems ( sci5ce4 ,!re are1 besides1 c]ta9 passionate & p]sonal errors & prejudices ( ! und]/&+ no less ?an ( ! w4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 9 _! imm$iate effects1 are practical1 & conf9$ to actual life4 ,at lea/1 tak5 by !mselves1 & )\t ! co-op]ation ( fancy & reason1 !y w nev] be able to create a sci5tific sy/em4 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 m precisely to indicate ! ext5t to :i* ! und]/&+ & w co-op]ate 9 ! production ( philosophical error1 x is necess>y to repeat my previ\s rem>ks1 & also to add "s m precise det]m9ations ) respect to ! =m ( ab]ration peculi> to1 &1 z x 71 inborn 91 ea* ( ^! faculties4 ,z conc]ns ! w1 we plac$ its pron5ess to err 9 its unconditional or absolute volition1 :i* manife/s itself 9 life z a de/ructive or di/urb+ =ce1 :]e1 h[ev]1 its effects are v>iable1 be+ proportionate to ! wid] or n>r[] sph]e ( action4 ,9 all alike1 h[ev]1 ?is pr9ciple ( absolute will+ reta9s its true "*4 ,x %[s itself1 fir/ ( all1 9 ! ob/9acy ( ! *ild1 :]e x =ms ! greate/ ob/acle t education has to cont5d aga9/4 ,its action is1 no d\bt1 b v weak "h2 /ill ?is app>5tly insignificant ph5om5on s]ves to prove--& = ?is purpose we ref]r$ to x--t ! fault has its root1 & is1 z x 71 inborn 9 ! v nature ( man1 & 9 ! pres5t con/itution ( 8 m9d4 ,z = ! second degree1 s9ce ! evil runs ?r\gh all ! v>i\s /ages ( human life1 & assumes manifold %apes1 we are1 !re=e1 at no loss = examples4 ,:e!r we take our in/ance f ! ob/9acy ( ! f\nd] ( a sect passionately adh]+ to & ma9ta9+ ! op9ions he has once adopt$1 or t ( ! lead] ( "s dang]\s political p>ty1 9 ei!r case ! consequ5ces ( ?is p]nici\s pr9ciple w appe> to be1 9 ! highe/ decree1 ext5sive & awful4 ,b1 la/ly1 x %[s itself 9 its full & mo/ frightful en]gy 9 ! reckless & unsp>+ lu/ ( conque/1 & 9 ! unsatiable ?ir/ ( absolute dom9ion :i* /imulates ! conqu]+ despot4 ,! second ( ! two similes1 h[ev]1 z x is mo/ imm$iately connect$ )1 s x ?r[s mo/ light ^u1 ! problem be=e u1 ! explanation1 viz41 ( intellectual error4 ,= sci5ce1 too1 has its sects1 & ev5 into ! calm regions ( philosophy 7= su* x surely ought to be1 z pr(ess+ to be ! satisfaction ( our inmo/ long+ aft] a k ( ourselves & ( nature 9 tru? & 9 ,god71 ! viol5t _s ( p>ty f9ds too (t5 an entrance4 ,9 ! _s ( sy/em1 & 9 ! prejudices ( a view or op9ion once adopt$1 ! absolute & resolv$ w1 :i* orig9ally is r a fault ( "* ?an an error ( ! und]/&+1 nev]!less co-op]ates ess5tially to ! e/abli%m5t ( a philosophical error1 at lea/ f its =mal side4 ,:51 h[ev]1 z1 "u ! influ5ce ( ! _s ( sy/em1 is easily1 & inde$ g5]ally done by ! f\nd]s ( sci5tific sects1 ! absolute is itself adopt$ z ! imm$iate object1 !n x is ! pursuit ( ?is idea ( ! unconditional t c>ries ea* ( ^! two g5]al =ms ( error to ! highe/ pit* ( extravagance4 ,appli$ to nature & any positive view & p>ticul> sy/em !re(1 x gives to x a "* ( exclusiv5ess & def9it5ess1 by :i*1 sep>at$ f all t is high] & prop]ly div9e1 & made to re/ entirely 9 itself1 x is c>ri$ away to ! pan!i/ic self-suffici5cy & deification ( a false unity4 ,comb9$ ) ! egoi/ic or subjective reason1 ?is pursuit ( ! absolute & ! idea !re( creates ! ideali/ic delusion1 or1 at lea/1 readily gives rise to x1 & ?is is ! fir/ /ep1 or1 at any rate1 ! usual introduction1 to sci5tific a!ism4 ,z to ! und]/&+--9 "o ( ! e>lie/ ( ^! ,lectures1 we m5tion$ ab/ract ?\ght z its peculi> =m ( error4 ,x is unque/ionable t ! und]/&+ may lose itself 9 m]e ab/ract & dead ?9k+1 s z1 amid its mass ( purely ab/ract conceptions1 to =get entirely all truly pregnant & vital cogitation4 ,su* z und]/&+1 !re c be no d\bt1 mu/ ei!r be defective 9 its organization1 or imp]fectly & falsely develop$2 & s x goes on deceiv+ itself & propagat+ error among o!rs4 ,correctly speak+1 h[ev]1 ?is ab/ract ?9k+ does n belong to ! und]/&+1 s mu* z to ! reason1 :i* is ev5 ! faculty ( ab/raction4 ,& inde$1 ap>t f its great & manifold abuses1 ! latt]1 9 its "r place & )9 its assign$ limits1 =ms no?+ less ?an a natural requirem5t & an ess5tial function ( ! human m9d4 ,z = ! und]/&+1 x is bas$ on intellection2 consequ5tly x supposes t 9 ?is intellectual act ! object is vividly se5 ?r\gh & ?or\ghly p5etrat$ by ! m9d4 ,& ?is object may be ei!r an ext]nal "o1 tak5 f nature or actual life1 or int]nal--a m]e ?\ght or conception1 & ! ^w or "n designat+ x4 ,9 ! latt] case1 ! m5tal act ( p5etration is direct$ to asc]ta9+ ! true & orig9al s5se ( an idea1 or ! import ( ! notion1 or ( ! t]m by :i* x is designat$4 ,an und]/&+ :i* has lo/ itself among ab/ract ideas mu/1 9 su* purely ab/ract ?9k+1 become ev5tually entirely ext9ct4 ,:olly1 h[ev]1 )\t life & _s1 ! und]/&+1 accord+ to its peculi> "*1 c nev] be2 x is !re=e its total abs5ce1 or a v defective condition ( x1 r ?an its dea?1 t is m>k$ out & indicat$ by su* a /ate4 ,b if we wi% to det]m9e ! p>ticul> fault or error t is peculi> to any "o faculty ( ! human consci\sness1 x is evid5t t we mu/ n seek = x 9 any defective /ate or imp]fect developm5t2 b1 on ! contr>y1 9 ! highe/ & fulle/ en]gy4 ,b n[ an extremely +5i\s1 cle>1 & vivid intellect may be comb9$ ) :at ,i h lately t]m$ an evil g5ius--! false p[] ( g5ius4 ,9 su* a comb9ation1 we h ! true /ate ( a p]v]t$ und]/&+1 or ( t ab]ration :i* is peculi> to x1 & = :i* ! t]m ( a sophi/ical intellect seems ! t]se/ & mo/ appropriate designation4 ,& ?is sophi/ical und]/&+ is ev] ! work+ organ & in/rum5t = ! build+ & con/ruction ( all false sy/ems1 & to :i* soon] or lat] ! latt] are all oblig$ to h rec\rse4 ,) reg>d1 !n1 to ! co-op]ation ( ! sophi/ical und]/&+ 9 ! =mation ( philosophical error1 & its %>e & influ5ce on ! _s & ! matt] ( any sy/em ( untru?1 x furni%es an opposition to ! ideali/ic confusion :i* ! absolute w produces by its pr$om9ant idea ( ! unconditional4 ,"h we h r a pr$om9at+ t5d5cy to a reali/ic view ( ! _w1 accord+ to ! pr9ciple x adopts ( ! univ]sal insignificance ( all ?+s1 n m]ely 9 ref]5ce to morals or practical life1 & 9 ! doma9 ( hi/ory1 b also 9 nature & ! :ole creation4 ,& ) ?is view is associat$ a skeptical contempt = all :o d>e to ?9k o!rwise--all ord9>y m9ds :o c n rise to ! height :]e ! consci\sness ( kn[+ & believ+ no?+ sits en?ron$4 ,?is t5d5cy1 !re=e1 & ?is error ( ! sophi/ical und]/&+1 is mo/ imm$iately relat$ to1 & associat$ )1 ! dialectical confusion ( ! reason ) its endless disputations4 ,b z ! absolute volition & pursuit ( ! unconditional c n well be ?\ght ( entirely ap>t f a c]ta9 p]v]sion ( ! intellectual p[]s1 s ! op]ation ( ! sophi/ical und]/&+ is impossible1 )\t a c]ta9 admixture ( an evil w & an int5tional det]m9ation to oppose ! tru?4 ,b not)/&+ ?is intr9sic connection betwe5 ^! two intellectual faults1 yet 9 _! outw>d manife/ation1 & 9 actual life1 !y (t5 /& wide ap>t f ea* o!r4 ,! true notion ( a sophi/ical intellect w p]haps be be/ illu/rat$ 9 a few words by recall+ to y\r recollection ! mo/ celebrat$ writ] ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 :o ex]cis$ s great an influ5ce n only on ! m9ds ( 8 c\ntryman1 b on ! :ole _s ( ! age4#ej ,if1 aga91 x 7 necess>y to employ in/ances 9 ord] to give y a cle> idea ( ! philosophical pursuit ( ! absolute1 examples en\gh might be f\nd among ! ,g]man s*ools & philosoph]s ( rec5t times4 ,b to rev]t to ! sophi/ical intellect3 r>ely has x be51 & r>ely w x be1 f\nd manife/+ itself 9 su* fullness z x did 9 ?is anti-,*ri/ian & worldly writ]1 :o inde$ wor%ip$ ! age :i* wor%ip$ him1 b mock$ & sc(f$ at all besides4 ,n[ z to ^! two opposite sy/ems ( error & unbelief--rationalism1 viz41 & a false idolatr\s sy/em ( nature--9 _! inmo/ ess5ce !y are bo? equally false & p]nici\s4 ,9 ?is respect !re is no?+ to *oose betwe5 !m2 !y are alike utt]ly abom9able4 ,ev5 9 ! judgm5t ( !ology1 pan!ism1 z ! "o extreme ( error on ! side ( nature1 c sc>cely appe> less false & abom9able ?an a!ism z ! o!r ideali/ic extreme4 ,bo? mu/ be plac$ on ! same l9e2 = ! "o no less ?an ! o!r is a full & p]fect refusal to recognize ! "o ,et]nal ,tru? & ! ,liv+ ,god4 ,look+1 h[ev]1 to _! ext]nal manife/ation & effects--a philosophy ( nature :i* cloaks its ?or\ghly hea!ni% s5tim5ts b5ea? ! bright & s$uctive attraction ( beautiful & highly-f9i%$ =m--may p]haps appe> m dang]\s & m p]nici\s ?an rationalism1 especially :5 9 ! comp>ison ! latt] appe>s "u its m mod]ate1 pliant1 & skillfully modifi$ phases4 ,b x is n s mu* 9 & by !mselves1 & g5]ally1 t we h "h to consid] ^! two k9ds ( error4 ,9 su* a case ! s5t5ce we mu/ pass ^u !m w\ld be1 t !y are equally fatal & p]nici\s4 ,at pres5t we are r conc]n$ ) !m 9 _! ref]5ce to our own age1 & to t /ruggle :i* x has to und]go ) !m4 ,9 ?is respect ,i c n hesitate decid$ly to pron\nce rationalism ! great] & ! m dang]\s error ( ! two4 ,= n only has x /ruck its root m deeply 9 ! _s ( ! age1 & is f> m widely diffus$1 b x is f> m supple4 ,p>asitically x engrafts itself on ! tru? & its v>i\s sy/ems1 to prey ^u !m ! m successfully4 ,x is ev] ready to make concessions to & to capitulate ) its adv]s>y1 9 ord] to triumph ov] x ! m completely 9 ! end4 ,& :5 x seems driv5 altoge!r f ! field1 x /ill holds its gr\nd b5ea? "s new disguise4 ,9 %ort1 x is sc>cely possible to det]m9e ! po9t1 if inde$ x is ev] rea*$1 :]e x c be safely said t ! evil is completely & =ev] eradicat$4 ,x is only life itself--! high] spiritual life1 t is--& ! true philosophy :i* traces & re/ores x 9 ! m9d's triple faculties ( k1 t c extricate u f ?is dilemma ( conflict+ errors1 & provide ! clew :i* %all guide u out ( ! dialectical mazes ( ! reason4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a false philosophy ( nature--& su* is e sy/em t /&s 9 ho/ile opposition to religion1 or attempts to usurp its place--:i* is conceiv$ 9 a m]ely empirical _s1 w nev] prove dang]\s4 ,aft] a brief & limit$ influ5ce1 x w soon fall into neglect & oblivion4 ,:51 h[ev]1 x is ! result ( a l(ty & intellectual ef=t--:5 a truly great & compreh5sive _s moves )9 x--!n w x soon become consci\s ( ^? limits1 & feel+ its own false position1 x w1 ere long1 f9d ! passage to ! div9e1 :i* is beyond & above x4 ,b x is n easy = a philosophy ( nature to be or at lea/ long to rema9 /rictly & absolutely conf9$ to its own limits ( sy/em1 ev5 because ( ! cont9ual advance ( ?is sci5ce ( life4 ,& z soon z x recognizes its true place z second & subord9ate to a div9e philosophy1 !n does x imm$iately cease to be a false fai?4 ,x is =?) reconcil$ to ! tru?1 or at lea/ is already f> on ! road t[>d a complete reconciliation ) x4 ,?is mild] judgm5t1 h[ev]1 c n 9 ju/ice be ext5d$ to t pan!i/ic sci5ce 9 :i* nature is z decid$ly & absolutely deifi$ z 9 any ( ! old sy/ems ( hea!nism4 ,we h n[ complet$ our comp>ison ( fai? & infidelity1 & sket*$ ! picture bo? ( man's m9d & ( 8 sci5ce1 to & f :i* !y respectively belong or issue4 ,we1 !re=e1 leave x free to ! judgm5t ( e ?\ghtful m9d t reflects ^u itself & ! nature ( ?+s1 & loves & desires ! tru?1 to *oose & decide betwe5 !m4 ,?is comp>ison is ev] ! prop] problem ( philosophy2 & ev5 if ! sket* & del9eation ( ^! two /ates ( ! human consci\sness be1 f ! limits to :i* we are conf9$1 n p]fectly complete1 /ill we may reg>d ?is problem z satisfactorily solv$4 ,! /ruggle1 h[ev]1 betwe5 belief & unbelief is /ill to g on 9 ! _w & "t1 b ! victory ( tru? is res]v$ to high] p[]s & =ces ?an man's4 ,z to ! nature & conditions ( t intellectual conflict1 & its sev]al mom5ts1 a few rem>ks mu/ be add$1 on its relation to1 & be>+s on1 philosophy4 ,fir/ ( all1 ,i ?9k ! previ\s rem>ks mu/ h t5d$ to ?r[ light on a ph5om5on :i* o!rwise is rem>kable & />tl+ en\gh4 ,! good cause1 ev5 :5 advocat$ by m5 ( ! be/ int5tions & ! pure/ zeal = tru?1 ) ! greate/ acut5ess & a ?or\gh k ( ! tru? & its ess5tial pr9ciples1 nev]!less is b little successful4 ,at ! v be/1 x makes an extremely sl[ progress1 :ile evil error advances ) ! fe>ful rapidity ( contagion4 ,to acc\nt = ?is s+ul> fact x is n suffici5t to appeal to ! p]suasive rhetoric :i* ! latt] has at its comm&1 or to any sup]ior p[] ( intellect 9 its advocates4 ,! cause lies r 9 ! miasmas ( spiritual pe/il5ce :i* are spread ?r\gh\t1 & are susp5d$ 9 ! moral atmosph]e4 ,we %\ld err greatly 7 we to suppose t ! cause ( tru?1 & ( ! refutation ( error1 c\ld z easily be dispos$ ( z any civil process be=e a judicial tribunal4 ,"h1 to c>ry ! day1 x is en\gh completely to refute ! pret5sions ( "o's adv]s>y1 & to set =? "o's own claim 9 a cle> & irrefragable *a9 ( legal pro(4 ,b1 9 ! matt] ( philosophy & ! high] tru?1 h[ little is ga9$ by ! refutation1 be x ev] s complete1 ( "o writt5 sy/em ( error1 :51 9 ! mean :ile1 two or ?ree m spr+ up & call = refutation no less ?an ! fir/4 ,! /raight road1 !re=e1 ( a calm1 simple1 &1 at ! same "t1 lum9\s & complete exposition ( ! highe/ sy/em ( k seems1 to my m9d1 a f> m appropriate means = ! e/abli%m5t & diffusion ( ! tru? ?an ! indirect c\rse ( refut+ any false or errone\s sy/em t may reign 9 a p>ticul> age & ?r\gh\t ! :ole _w4 ,=1 9 ! latt] c\rse1 if ! controv]sy be at all se>*+ & complete1 x is necess>y to ent] into all its tortu\s w9d+s1 at ! risk ( be+ lo/ & entangl$ 9 !m4 ,& ev5 9 ! mo/ favorable case1 :]e ! refutation is complete1 no?+ is ultimately ga9$ by x b a m]e negative--! e/abli%+ ! untru? ( ! refut$ sy/em1 toge!r ) ! pro(s ( t negative4 ,x w\ld be mo/ errone\s to suppose t ?is controv]sy is ei!r entirely or 9 ! ma9 direct$ aga9/ books & leaves1 propositions & words4 ,x looks r to ! s\l & _s1 & seeks to drive away1 to remove1 & bani% f !m1 & utt]ly to extirpate1 all ! deadly se$s ( error & falsehood1 replac+ !m by tru? 9 all its fullness & en]gy1 s z to w9 ! m9ds & s\ls ( m5 to its b5efic5t rule4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is only possible by an individual process & a p]sonal int]*ange ( ideas4 ,= error & ! re/oration ( tru? assume a ?\s& diff]5t %apes1 accord+ to ! diff]5t temp]am5ts ( individuals1 or to ! diff]5t p]iods ( life 9 ea*4 ,if1 !re=e1 x be ! wi% or duty ( philosophy to make ?is its pr9cipal aim1 x is only 9 ! =m ( dialogue t x c successfully accompli% ! task1 by suit+ itself & closely con=m+ to ! p]sonal "* ( individuals4 ,9 ?is s5se1 & on ?is acc\nt1 ,plato1 & ! o!r disciples ( ,socrates1 9 _! controv]sy ) ! ,sophi/s1 inv>iably employ$ ! dialogical /yle1 & *ose ?is =m = ! exposition ( _! philosophical views4 ,b ev5 ! writt5 dialogue c n d m ?an exhibit1 z x 71 a v]tical section ( ! :ole inf9ite v>iety ( individual views1 convictions1 & *>act]s4 ,& :at !reupon is to be done 9 ord] to set !m free & emancipate !m f error1 & to w9 !m =1 & to fill !m )1 ! tru?8 ,! inn] s5se = ! tru? & ! spiritual eye mu/ be op5$1 & ! _s ( man mu/ be l$ back & re/or$ to its lo/ c5t]4 ,b ! s\l mu/ be won & attract$1 totally conv]t$ & endu$ ) new life4 ,b is ?is possible )\t "s high] & div9e p[]8 ,c x be accompli%$ by man's ord9>y art ( disputation1 ev5 ?\gh x be p]haps suffici5t = ! ord9>y transactions ( a civil tribunal2 or by a logical tra9 ( pro(s1 or by ! skillful t]ms ( a well-manag$ dialogue1 9 ! abs5ce ( all pr(\nd] p[] to move & actuate ! s\l8 ,& su* a high] p[] & effectual ^w ( tru? does exi/4 ,9 ! language ( ,scripture x is call$ ! ,sword ( ! ,_s1 :i* pi]ces to ! v m>r[ & divides asund] ! s\l & ! _s4 ,a deep mean+ is involv$ 9 ?is expression ( ! divid+ asund] ( s\l & _s1 & ! v greate/ ( all ! s\l's pa9s is mo/ appropriately indicat$ !reby4 ,9 dea? ! immortal s\l is sep>at$ & dep>ts f ! body2 b s\l & _s /ill cont9ue toge!r 9 indissoluble union4 ,^! words1 !n1 allude to "s o!r & m viol5t sep>ation4 ,& x is "o1 moreov]1 :i* is indisp5sable to ! triumph ( tru? 9 ?is /ruggle = life & dea?4 ,= :5 error goes to ! inmo/ dep?s1 & rea*es to ! v c5t] ( life1 bo? _s & s\l gr[ & adh]e toge!r1 & ! delusion c n o!rwise be dispell$ ?an by ! viol5t sep>ation ( ! two4 ,& ?us ! light sudd5ly %9es ^u ! _s to %[ x ! abyss on ^: br9k x /&s1 :ile ! s\l is simultane\sly set free f all ! *a9s :i* b9d x to its false life1 & is !reby completely *ang$ & conv]t$4 ,9 ?is way is ! triumph ( tru? ov] error & infidelity effect$4 ,only we mu/ rememb] t ! ,sword ( ! ,_s1 8:i* pi]ces ev5 to ! divid+ asund] ( s\l & _s1 & ( ! jo9ts & m>r[10 ne$s n always to be prop]ly a spok5 or a writt5 8^w40 ,9 "s deeply-mov+ cata/rophe ( a man's life x makes a di/9ct & speak+ manife/ation ( itself1 work+ 9 him a total *ange ( 8 feel+s & s5tim5ts4 ,b ! ,_s's flam+ sword ( judgm5t may be turn$ n only ^u individuals1 b also ^u :ole nations & ages1 to div]t !m f error & unbelief1 & to lead !m back to tru?4 ,la/ly1 x may also be direct$ t[>d ! :ole _w & ! :ole human race2 & to ?is int]e/+ topic1 :i* 9 s _m ways is br\ght s imm$iately home to ! pres5t era ( ! _w1 we %all1 9 ! c\rse ( ! foll[+ ,lectures1 h occasion to recur4 ,,lecture ,,xi4 ,,( ,,! ,,relation ,,( ,,tru? ,,& ,,sci5ce ,,to ,,life1 ,,& ,,( ,,m9d ,,9 ,,its ,,application ,,to ,,reality4 ,! union ( pr(\nd k ) div9e fai?1 & ! recognition & p]ception ( _! unity1 is ! m9d's fir/ /ep )9 ! doma9 ( tru? & ( ! consci\sness ( x2 or1 r1 ! fir/ /ep 9 t gradation by :i* ! m9d & consci\sness advance t[>d v]ity2 & x is ev5 ! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( tru? itself t con/itutes ?is beg9n+4 ,! judgm5t :i* discrim9ates & decides betwe5 a simple univ]sal belief 9 ,god1 & ! connection ( su* a fai? ) all natural & sublimely true philosophy on ! "o h&1 & unbelief1 false sci5ce1 & ! v>i\s sy/ems ( error on ! o!r1 =ms ! second t]m or /ep 9 ! gradual progress ( tru? & ! _s ( tru? 9 ! human consci\sness1 :e!r ( individuals1 or ( ! :ole human race1 or ( any p>ticul> p]iod ( its developm5t4 ,^! two subjects h already occupi$ our att5tion 9 ! two prec$+ ,lectures4 ,! ?ird po9t :i* ! m9d mu/ atta9 to z ! _s ( tru? is m fully exp&$1 bo? 9 ! consci\sness & 9 sci5ce1 is ! pr(itable application !re( to actual life1 or its real manife/ation1 & ! practical c>ry+ out ( its pr9ciples4 ,= x is by ?is alone t ! div9e & fundam5tal pr9ciple ( tru?1 & t important faculty ( judgm5t :i* sep>ates & di/+ui%es tru? & true sci5ce f ignorance & error1 are realiz$1 & atta9 to _! full end & p]fection4 ,! consid]ation ( ?is subject w =m ! basis ( ! pres5t & all ! foll[+ ,lectures4 ,be=e1 h[ev]1 ,i ent] ^u ?is new topic1 or attempt to solve ?is ?ird problem ( ! actual application ( sci5ce to life & ( its pr(itable comb9ation !re)1 ,i w\ld wi% to add "h a few hi/orical rem>ks on ! subject-matt] ( our la/ discussions1 :i*1 :ile !y s]ve to complete & to illu/rate x1 w at ! same "t furni% a natural & easy transition to our pres5t speculations4 ,! /ruggle & ! alt]nate triumph ( belief & unbelief1 z !y ga9$ 9 turn ! asc5d5cy ov] ! m9ds ( m51 & gave ! dom9ant tone to diff]5t ages1 or1 r1 ! conte/ ( tru? & true sci5ce ) ! diff]5t sy/ems ( error 9 ! sev]al p]iods ( ! developm5t ( mank9d & ( ! hi/ory ( ! human intellect1 is at all times a subject ( ! highe/ int]e/ = philosophical obs]vation4 ,9 hi/orical applications l ! pres5t1 x inv>iably proves pre-em95tly useful & in/ructive4 ,i %all1 h[ev]1 conf9e myself to a few examples1 & select su* z are mo/ imm$iately connect$ ) our subject1 or seem likely to lead to ! mo/ important results4 ,f ! :ole hi/ory ( ! anci5t _w ,i %all adduce b two illu/rations3 fir/ ( all1 ! tw(old m5tal or spiritual /ate ( ! primeval times2 &1 secondly1 ! highe/ rea* ( ?\ght & k :i* ,greece atta9$ 9 h] mo/ enlight5$ days1 :i* are m>k$ at once ) ! signs ( fir/ maturity & ( e>lie/ decl9e4 ,f bo? ^! in/ances x w be my object to prove t tru? inv>iably prevails 9 ! beg9n+1 & t x is always & e :]e prior to & antec$5t to error4 ,f ! annals ( mod]n hi/ory ,i %all 9 l mann] br+ be=e y only a few p>ticul>ly fruitful in/ances4 ,f su* p]iods ( ! _w's hi/ory ,i propose to %[ t ! problem ( sci5ce1 9 its ref]5ce to life & its pr(itable application1 admits n ( any pure & complete solution2 or t (t5 aft] an op5+ ( promise x sudd5ly takes a wrong direction1 & s misses its true aim1 &1 consequ5tly1 ! problem ( ! age rema9s unsolv$4 ,?is exam9ation ( ! actual relation subsi/+ betwe5 sci5ce & life z x has be51 or /ill is1 hi/orically exhibit$ 9 ?is or t p>ticul> epo*1 toge!r ) ! difficulties & ! que/ions :i* x sugge/s1 w s]ve z an introduction to our entire !me4 ,= ?is is no?+ less ?an ! satisfactory exposition & correct !ory ( ! application ( true sci5ce to life1 & ( _! pr(itable comb9ation4 ,fir/ ( all1 let u ca/ our glance back to ! infancy ( ! human race4 ,9 ^! primeval times1 we e :]e meet ) leg5ds & traditions ( man's div9e orig91 mix$ up & int]wov5 ) ! fables & symbols ( hea!nism4 ,n[ we are accu/om$ to reg>d hea!nism1 or ! religion ( ! ,g5tiles1 z univ]sally1 &1 )\t exception1 false & idolatr\s1 or at lea/ absurd & fabul\s4 ,b is ?is consi/5t ) ! natural c\rse ( ?+s8--is x n probable1 or1 r1 necess>y1 t1 9 its beg9n+ at lea/1 ?is *aotic m$ley ( symbols & leg5ds mu/ h _h = its f\ndation "s v simple =m ( error1 if we mu/ suppose t x 0 always1 & ev5 f ! v fir/1 no?+ b error8 ,no d\bt ! hea!nism ( ! fir/ races1 s f> z we c trace x1 & ! e>ly leg5ds & rites ( ! olde/ times t we are acqua9t$ )1 appe> to be already involv$ 9 a p]plex+ confusion ( ! /range/ fancies4 ,no?+ bett] are !y ?an a *aos ( symbolical images ( nature1 m+l$ & int]wov5 ) "s vague & %ad[y outl9es ( truly spiritual ideas & ?\ghtful notes ( a high] /ra91 & also ) ambigu\s & enigmatical leg5ds ( hi/orical tradition4 ,! :ole m$ley1 moreov]1 diff]5tly develop$1 accord+ to ! peculi> v>ieties ( national "*1 or ! h]$it>y feel+ ( tribe & family1 assumes a p>ticul> hue f ! local color+s ( ^! diff]5t sph]es ( life2 or1 moreov]1 z is n unfrequ5tly ! case1 is remold$ & ca/ into new comb9ations by ! arbitr>y caprices ( ! poetic fancy4 ,:o c hope to f9d ! simple clew ( su* a maze8 or :o w give u ! ?reads ( ,ariadne to guide u out ( its intricacies8 ,x is true1 g5]ally speak+1 t our hi/orical k & rese>* d n rea* v f> back4 ,! ,flood1 to :i* ! traditions ( all p rem\nt1 & :i* all telluric sci5ces1 :e!r geography1 or natural hi/ory1 or geology1 or :atev] o!r "n !y may be>1 directly or indirectly confirm1 =ms an impassable gulf betwe5 ! mod]n & lat] family ( man1 & t fir/ & gigantic race ( ! ant$iluvian _w4 ,& yet c>eful criticism & hi/orical inve/igation are /ill able to di/+ui% 9 ! *aotic cong]ies ( diff]5t my?ologies ! sev]al /rata & epo*s1 & c sep>ate ! prim>y rock ( ! e>li] natural leg5d f ! lat] my?ical =mations4 ,b ev5 ?is prim>y rock itself1 amid ! leg5ds ( primeval times--?is fir/1 & olde/1 & simple/ basis ( hea!nism1 is itself b a fusion & ! debris ( "s e>li] & prec$5t convulsion4 ,b n[ all leg5ds1 e my?ology1 & univ]sal tradition1 agree 9 ?is "o po9t4 ,!y concur 9 d]iv+ ! orig9 ( man f ,god1 & ass]t t ! fir/ man1 :o1 :ile he proce$$ imm$iately f ,god1 0 also ! fir/-born son ( e>?1 9 :i* he 0 plac$1 because x 0 ( a nature ne>e/ ak9 to 8 & ours4 ,n[ ?is same fir/ man1 z proce$+ & tak+ 8 beg9n+ f ,god1 c\ld n well be )\t "s k ( ,him4 ,! concurr5t tradition ( all nations leads u to ! idea ( man's possess+ k1 & 9 tru? an imm$iate & intuitive k ( ,god 9 & out ( nature1 & inde$ prim>ily & pr9cipally f ?is s\rce1 & on ! o!r h& also ( 8 hav+ an imm$iate & intuitive k ( nature 9 ,god4 ,& ?is exactly is ! old & true ,g5tilism ( ! holy patri>*s ( ! primeval _w1 if by ?is t]m we und]/& ! orig9al religion ( nature1 among ! e>lie/ families1 & ! pi\s patri>*s ( ! human race1 z x is describ$ 9 ! language & aft] ! analogy ( ,holy ,writ1#ea & also 9 ! anci5t traditions :i* h gr[n out ( & atta*$ !mselves to x4 ,n[1 accord+ to ! simple progression ( tru?1 :i* is also t ( ,god1 & ( ! k ( ,him1 ?is revelation ( nature 0 ! fir/ & e>lie/ t 0 imp>t$ to man ^u e>?1 & mu/ be c>efully di/+ui%$ f t lat] or second revelation ( ,god1 :i* is bo? ( a positive nature & is conta9$ 9 a writt5 law1 or writt5 ^w & book ( ! law4 ,& 9 ! writt5 revelation ?is di/9ction is mo/ c>efully obs]v$ ?r\gh\t4 ,! div9e law1 :i* al?\gh n writt5 on braz5 tablets1 unque/ionably exi/$ 9 ^! primeval ages ( a natural revelation1 :i* 0 read & intuitively und]/ood 9 nature h]self1 or imm$iately 9 ! he>ts & m9ds ( m51 0 f> simpl]1 & consequ5tly also easi] & less burd5some1 ?an ! lat] law ( ! second revelation1 :i* 0 design$ = ! moral reg5]ation ( a deg5]ate p1 & = fitt+ !m to be a witness ( ! tru? to o!r nations ( ! _w /ill m degrad$ & b5ight$ ?an !mselves4 ,& 9 ! same way ?is second revelation 0 less /r+5t & less exalt$ 9 its scope ?an ! la/ law ( lat] times1 promulgat$ 9 ! ?ird age ( ! _w to all nations & k9dr$s ( ! e>?4 ,= ! latt] 0 n design$ = ! fir/ happy p]iod ( ! infancy ( mank9d1 b = 8 la/ difficult1 b decisive /ruggle1 :i* is to end 9 ! p]fect triumph ( good1 & 9 man's total emancipation f ! ho/ile & oppressive yoke ( orig9al evil4 ,= ! wise & omnisci5t ,fa!r ( all has giv5 to e age ( man's hi/ory a peculi> & appropriate law4 ,= ! infancy ( ! race1 ,he publi%$ an easy rule ( life--p]mitt+ ! full expansion & ! bloom+ developm5t ( all 8 vital en]gies2 b "o ( /]n] prep>ation1 ( promise & ( expectation1 = 8 y\?4 ,= 8 maturity1 la/ly1 ,he has set =? a law ( det]m9$ /ruggle ) evil1 & ( a pr$om9ant love ( ! invisible1 & ev5 ( p]fection4 ,& consequ5tly a new application ( ! same law1 & a new /r5g!n+ = ! same conflict1 is to be look$ = 9 ! la/ times ( ! f9al consummation4 ,b n only 0 ! div9e natural law1 z promulgat$ to man 9 ! e>lie/ ages1 f> diff]5t f t ( lat] times1 & ! subsequ5t /ages ( a fur!r developm5t ( reveal$ k4 ,?is imm$iate revelation1 & intuitive k ( nature1 0 likewise v dissimil> to ! artificially elaborate & complicat$ sy/ems ( physical sci5ce4 ,= ^! h pr9cipally to trace out & to rev]t to ! orig9al s\rce ( life1 & ( ! full tru? ( nature1 al?\gh ev5 on ?is "r road ( return we are n always ne>e/ to ! end1 ev5 :5 we seem to h made ! greate/ advance 9 t direction4 ,b z ! fir/ man recogniz$ ,god 9 nature1 & n m]ely und]/ood1 b imm$iately p]ceiv$1 &1 z x 71 saw1 t ,he 0 !re1 !re=e nature also 01 9 a c]ta9 measure1 transp>5t to 8 eye 9 ,god4 ,& al?\gh 8 k ( nature 0 9 ! highe/ degree simple1 /ill did x ev5 on t acc\nt p5etrate m deeply into its inmo/ secrets4 ,x 0 r5d]$ !reby m ?or\ghly vital & endu$ ) p[]4 ,"o might almo/ call x a natural =ce )9 him1 simil> to & ak9 to ^? )\t him4 ,= g5]ally 9 ^? e>ly ages ( ! _w1 man possess$ _m high] en]gies & liv+ p[]s 9 & ov] nature1 :i* subsequ5tly 7 entirely )drawn f him1 or :i* 9 lat] times1 z wond]ful ph5om5a1 =m$ s+ul> exceptions to man's ord9>y end[m5ts4 ,we are1 p]haps1 only too mu* dispos$ to imag9e t ! anci5t race be=e ! ,flood resembl$ 9 e p>ticul> a lat] & ev5 ! pres5t g5]ation4 ,our conceptions ( x1 z reg>ds bo? its virtues & its vices1 are 9 n[ise great & wond]ful en\gh4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is highly probable t ! atmosph]e ( ! globe 0 at t p]iod totally diff]5t f :at x is 9 ! pres5t day1 & t consequ5tly bo? ! food & mann] ( liv+ 9 ^? days 7 also dissimil> f our own4 ,if any reliance is to be plac$ on ! be/ & olde/ hi/orical te/imonies on ^! po9ts1 we c sc>cely d\bt t ! primeval race--at lea/ ! g5]ations imm$iately prec$+ ! ,deluge--7 ( gigantic /ature1 & t _! m5tal p[]s & faculties 7 on a correspond5t scale ( magnitude4 ,9 p]fect con=mity ) ^! o!r proportions1 ! ,scripture also assigns to ^? ant$iluvian races a duration ( exi/5ce1 :i*1 z comp>$ ) our own /&>d ( ! av]age life ( man1 is equally gigantic4 ,& s little ( antec$5t improbability is !re 9 ?is /atem5t1 t to get rid ( x comm5tators h be5 =c$ to h rec\rse to ! mo/ f>-fet*$ & arbitr>y1 &1 9 fact1 mo/ unt5able & gr\ndless hypo!ses4 ,n[1 x is manife/ t su* corporeal advantages & l5g? ( life :i* ! fir/ patri>*s ( ! human race enjoy$1 mu/ h be5 highly favorable to ! developm5t ( _! intellectual gifts & imm$iate intuition1 z f\nd$ on a liv+ natural fai?1 s long z !y 7 rightly us$ & direct$ t[>d ,god1 z _! prop] object4 ,& 9 ! same way _! t5d5cy to fe>ful corruption1 "u an impi\s & s9ful employm5t ( _! great m5tal end[m5ts1 mu/ be equally evid5t4 ,at ! same "t we mu/ confess our inadequacy to =m a conception ( ! height to :i* !y atta9$ 9 ei!r /ate :i* w\ld be 9 any way proportionate to ! tru?4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 an inv>iable pr9ciple ( developm5t1 confirm$ by ! obs]vation ( nature1 & a c>eful induction ( hi/orical facts1 t all t is greate/ & noble/1 if x once beg9s to deg5]ate & corrupt1 rea*es 9 its corruption & deg5]acy ! wor/ & mo/ fe>ful extremes4 ,& s x appe>s to h be5 ) ?is gigantic & gigantically end[$ race ( ! ant$iluvian _w4 ,9 mod]n times1 a great ,g]man philosoph]1 :o fl\ri%$ t[>d ! close ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & 0 no less fam\s = 8 hi/orical le>n+ ?an = 8 ma!matical discov]ies1 made ! memorable rem>k1 t ! la/ sect 9 ! :ole developm5t ( ,*ri/ian revelation1 & t[>d ! close ( mod]n hi/ory--! la/ sect1 & also ! mo/ preval5t & mo/ fe>ful1 w\ld be t ( a!ism4 ,?is dictum1 at ! "t at :i* x 0 pron\nc$1 :i* 0 some:]e ab\t ! transition f ! anxiety & oppression ( ! sev5te5? c5tury to ! enlight5m5t & self-complaisancy ( ! eighte5?1 mu/ h appe>$ a p]fect p>adox4 ,b n[ t its fulfillm5t seems1 bo? to our eyes & und]/&+1 s close at h&1 we recognize ) amazem5t1 n to say ) a slight feel+ ( horror1 its deep oracul> tru?4 ,n[1 z ! beg9n+ & ! end (t5 be> a wond]ful resemblance to ea* o!r1 x is n improbable t ! fir/ sect 0 ( ! same k9d & nature z x has be5 pr$ict$ t ! f9al h]esy w be4 ,a m]e dead unbelief & purely negative a!ism1 x is true1 c z little h prevail$ 9 ^? times z a symbolically degrad$ & immorally mat]ializ+ hea!nism4 ,= x 0 only aft] ! high] magical p[]s 7 )drawn f man1 t ! fancy became 9 ?is s5se1 & to su* an extreme degree1 symbolical & figurative4 ,or1 p]haps1 we may m correctly say1 t ( all high end[m5ts n[ lo/ =ev]1 a purely figurative fancy 0 all t rema9$2 :]eupon1 9 opposition to x1 ! o!r errone\s extreme ( ab/ract ?\ght gradually atta9$ to a great] & undue developm5t4 ,& we may ) good reason assume1 t ) ?is fe>ful cata/rophe ! v consci\sness ( man 0 ess5tially alt]$ & *ang$4 ,( ! wild & lawless /ate ( ! g5]ations be=e ! ,flood1 we c n1 p]haps1 =m a ju/] conception ?an by reg>d+ x z an op5 rebellion & organiz$ revolt ( man aga9/ 8 ,mak] & b5efactor1 a complete & visible supremacy ( ! evil pr9ciple & ! wick$ spirits on e>?1 & an intimate union betwe5 man & ! devil4 ,x mu/ h resembl$ ! description :i* we meet ) 9 "s old books ( ! future reign ( anti*ri/4 ,su* a /ate ( ?+s may ju/ly be d5om9at$ a!ism4 ,b1 h[ev] ?is may be1 & :atev] conception we may =m1 & :atev] hi/orical %ape we may give to p>ticul>s 9 ?is doma9 7:]e1 aft] all1 we c n get beyond conjecture & presumptions1 or1 x may be1 hypo!tical hi/ory1 bas$ on probabilities71 "o g5]al po9t is inconte/able4 ,truly noble1 9 ^? primeval times ( a pure natural fai?1 mu/ h be5 ! intellectual p[]s & developm5t ( ! fir/ ance/ors ( ! _w & ^? great prog5itors ( ! human race1 & fe>ful1 9 ! same degree1 mu/ h be5 ! fall & corruption :i* foll[$ ! abuse ( ^? high privileges4 ,= man's m5tal p[]s1 /ill subsi/+ 9 ! pl5itude ( _! productive en]gy1 & 8 lord%ip ov] nature be+ undi/urb$1 8 corruption mu/ h g5]at$ ! wilde/ & mo/ mon/r\s excesses4 ,consequ5tly1 amid ! univ]sal reign ( evil & wick$ness1 ! only c\rse t rema9$ 0 ! total de/ruction ( ! exi/+ g5]ation1 & ! complete r5ovation1 or1 r1 a new comm5cem5t ( mank9d4 ,b ! corruption ( lat] times1 ?\gh1 9 tru?1 on a less scale1 has likewise be5 v great4 ,rapid1 too1 has be5 ! passage f good to evil4 ,moreov]1 x is self-evid5t t 9 ! primeval ages ( a vivid natural fai?1 & ( a life accord+ to nature1 t sep>ation betwe5 life & nature t exi/s 9 ^! lat] times c\ld n well h tak5 place--nay1 at su* a p]iod x is totally inconceivable4 ,on ! contr>y1 sci5ce & life mu/ h be5 9 p]fect unison4 ,& ?is is true1 n only ( ! virtu\s k 9 ! fir/ happy epo* ( ! _w's gold5 age1 b also ( ! wick$ ideas & ! demoniac ef=ts ( error 9 ! succe$+ p]iods ( gigantic bewild]m5t & arrogant enmity to ,god4 ,x is by reason ( ?is unity betwe5 life & k t ?is in/ance belongs to t gradation 9 ! mutual relations ( ! two 9 ! diff]5t ages ( ! _w4 ,q o!rwise1 h[ev]1 0 x1 9 ?is respect1 ) ,grecian philosophy4 ,9 ! mo/ enlight5$ days ( classical antiquity we behold x ei!r com+ =w>d 9 direct opposition to life1 especially 9 its public aspect ( politics & religion1 or else z absolutely esot]ic1 retir+ altoge!r & e/rang$ f active duties4 ,n[1 9 adduc+ ! hi/ory ( ,grecian philosophy z my second in/ance1 & z an em95tly important mom5t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! intellectual developm5t ( ! anci5t _w1 my object is to %[ t 9 ! same way t1 accord+ to all gr\nds ( analogy1 a simpl] natural fai?1 z ! simple religion ( ! fir/ patri>*s ( ! human race1 prec$$ ! lat] =m ( hea!nism into :i* ! wor%ip ( ! ,g5tiles s wildly & s fe>fully deg5]at$--s1 also1 9 ! philosophy ( ,greece1 its lat] sy/ems & sects1 :i* 7 s ?or\ghly false & p]nici\s1 7 prec$$ by1 at lea/1 a comp>atively bett] & high] view--by a pur] !ory ( sci5ce & ( tru?4 ,= ?\gh ! olde/ philosoph]s ( ! ,ionian s*ool held wat]1 or air1 or fire1 to be ! gr\nd & pr9ciple ( all ?+s1 & built on su* hypo!ses _! :ole !ory ( nature1 nev]!less we %\ld1 9 all probability1 greatly err1 7 we1 on t acc\nt1 to *>ge !m ) or to suspect !m ( mat]ialism4 ,!y und]/ood ^! elem5ts1 n 9 ! ord9>y1 b 9 a spiritual & liv+ s5se1 z ! elem5ts ( univ]sal life1 &1 at ! same "t1 did n fail to ackn[l$ge a high] _s op]at+ 9 & above nature1 & ,god's all-dispos+ intellig5ce4 ,( ,h]aclitus1 :o made fire ! ess5tial gr\nd & fir/ pr9ciple ( all ?+s1 we "k1 ) hi/orical c]ta9ty1 t1 not)/&+1 8 philosophy & view ( ! univ]se 01 9 ! highe/ degree1 ideal & spiritual4 ,& ! same is true also ( ,anaxagoras1 ! tea*] ( ,socrates4 ,mu*1 too1 t w\ld d great cr$it to ! g5]al _s ( ?\ght & sci5ce ( t p]iod1 might be adduc$ f ! v5]able f\nd] ( ! valuable art ( m$ic9e1 & also f 8 s*ool1 7 ! pres5t ! appropriate place4 ,! simple fact1 too1 t ,socrates proce$$ f out ( ?is ,ionian s*ool1 w\ld alone dispose me to =m a favorable op9ion ( x 9 its e>lie/ /ate2 & x is greatly to be regrett$ t our in=mation conc]n+ ! olde/ ( ^! great ?9k]s is s scanty1 & its details s unc]ta9 & s little to be dep5d$ on1 t x is impossible to =m any settl$ & def9ite judgm5t on ! matt]4 ,:51 h[ev]1 we proce$ to exam9e ! religi\s _s & value ( ,grecian philosophy 9 g5]al1 or any ( its special bran*es1 s*ools1 & epo*s1 we mu/ adopt z ! fundam5tal rule ( our judgm5t ! univ]sal dogmas ( man's pure & uncorrupt$ feel+s or judgm5t4 ,tak+ = our /&>d ! natural belief 9 a liv+ & p]sonal ,god1 & 9 an ev]la/+ & all-rul+ _s1 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l1 & 9 ! fre$om ( ! w1 toge!r ) ! immutable pr9ciples & ideas ( ju/ice1 honor1 morality1 & virtue1 we mu/1 9 ?is case1 c>efully exclude all ! special doctr9es ( a positive fai?4 ,we mu/ n look = or require1 9 s e>ly an age1 t :i* ! fur!r developm5t ( lat] p]iods br\ght to light4 ,f> be x f u to wond] at1 or to urge x z a reproa* aga9/ ,py?agoras or ,plato1 if among _! doctr9es we meet ) ideas1 :i*1 /rictly und]/ood1 are n p]fectly consi/5t ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,r is x a matt] = surprise & congratulation t !y knew & 7 aw>e (1 _h anticipat$ & taught1 s mu* t a lat] date fir/ plac$ 9 a full] light1 & made ! common prop]ty ( all m54 ,?is1 at lea/1 0 ! op9ion & conclusion on ?is subject ent]ta9$ 9 ! fir/ c5tury by ! greate/ & be/-in=m$ ( ! fa!rs ( ,*ri/ian doctr9e & sci5ce4 ,?is highly religi\s t5d5cy & p]ception :i* we recognize 9 ,py?agoras1 = in/ance1 or 9 ,plato--?is anticipation by sci5ce ( ! ideas ( ,*ri/ianity1 ( pr9ciples :i*1 ) ?is exception1 belong to ! ,*ri/ian era ( ! _w's hi/ory1 c\ld n h be5 )\t ,god4 ,we mu/1 9 %ort1 recognize !re9 a high] provid5ce4 ,we may accord+ly ju/ly reg>d ,grecian philosophy1 9 its bett] _s & elem5ts1 z =m+ on its "p a prep>ation = ! ,gospel1 & a sci5tific introduction to ,*ri/ianity1 ( a special & peculi> k9d4 ,n[1 among ^? ^: obs]vations1 & sci5ces1 & endeavors 7 ?r\gh\t direct$ ,godw>d1 ! ,py?agoreans /& highe/ & =emo/4 ,we h already allud$ to ! fact1 t 9 physical sci5ce !y 7 acqua9t$ ) ! be/ & ! mo/ important ( all t our hi/ory ( discov]ies1 )9 ! la/ ?ree c5turies1 is s pr\d (4 ,"h & !re1 p]haps1 _! k ev5 outran our own1 & 9 all probability !y 7 n )\t "s insight into ^? my/]ies ( creation1 ab\t :i* our philosophy ( nature has )9 ! la/ half c5tury excit$ s mu* wond] & admiration4 ,x is also probable1 we obs]v$1 t by _! !ory ( numb]s we are n to und]/& ! ord9>y =mul ( ma!matics1 nor ! usual arbitr>y play ) !m 9 :i* sci5ce s (t5 indulges1 b r ! developm5t ( ! intr9sic & div9e law ( nature & ( life accord+ to its ev]la/+ /ructure & immutable f\ndations1 or accord+ to ! vicissitudes ( its critical times & seasons4 ,b "h x may be ask$--:5ce _h !y all ?is8 h[1 )\t ! telescope1 & )1 at be/1 a v defective sy/em ( ma!matics1 & an imp]fect art ( calculation1 did !y atta9 to a k ( ! true a/ronomical sy/em ( ! univ]se8 ,to />t ! hypo!sis1 t !y le>n$ & borr[$ x all f ! ,egyptians1 w\ld only be to remove ! "q a /ep f>!r back1 & n really to answ] x4 ,b ev5 if we 7 to admit ! fact1 su* an assumption w\ld only1 z reg>ds ! ess5tial "q ) respect to ! ,py?agoreans & ! orig9 ( _! sci5ce1 increase _! m]its & _! glory4 ,= 9 ! same way z we obs]v$ on an e>li] occasion1 ) ref]5ce to ,moses & ! ,hebrews1 x mu/ h be5 by ! ex]cise ( a r>e wisdom1 t :ile !y select$ all t 0 be/ & mo/ valuable 9 ,egyptian sci5ce1 !y reject$ s mu* t 0 p]nici\s1 & laid aside s mu* t 0 likely to lead !m a/ray1 & ev5 ! impi\s magical sup]/itions t 7 to be f\nd !re4 ,9 mu* lat] times1 & ev5 d[n to our own days1 ! "n ( ! ,py?agorean s*ool & sci5ce has be5 =c$ to s]ve z a cloak = e noxi\s f>rago ( my/icism1 z also t ( ! ,neo-,platoni/s has be5 made ! symbol ( e vision>y extravagance4 ,b ev5 if 7:at1 h[ev]1 ,i greatly d\bt7 an hi/orical connection c be %[n to subsi/ betwe5 ! s-call$ ,py?agoreans ( lat] times & ! e>li] & g5u9e s*ool1 no?+ fur!r w\ld foll[ f su* a fact1 ?an a confirmation ( my g5]al position4 ,x w\ld b furni% an additional pro( t all t is greate/1 noble/1 & mo/ beautiful1 :5 x once beg9s to deg5]ate & corrupt1 inv>iably rea*es a proportionate dep? ( corruption & deg5]acy1 & assumes ! wor/ & wilde/ aspect ( de=mity4 ,z conc]ns ! influ5ce ( ?is s*ool ( life1 & its political aims & t5d5cies1 :i* 7 unque/ionably "p ( ! g5]al design ( ! ,py?agorean doctr9e3 all ?is mu/ be judg$ ( 9 con=mity ) ,greek notions & habits1 & ) ref]5ce to ! unsettl$ & disord]$ /ate ( ! sev]al ,grecian communities4 ,?is be+ grant$1 x w appe> t a simple b l(ty object 0 ! basis ( _! frat]nity4 ,by =m+ an enlight5$ ari/ocracy ( highly cultivat$ m9ds1 ( m5 ( sci5tific atta9m5ts1 & ( pure & noble morals1 !y hop$ to e/abli% a new & bett] polity1 su* z might *eck ! reign+ an>*y & revolution>y _s ( democracy1 :i* di/ract$ all ! republics1 :e!r small] or great]1 into :i* ,greece 0 at t "t divid$4 ,b ! evil _h become too great1 & its p[] 0 irresi/ible4 ,b ! :ole ent]prise fail$1 & its failure entail$ ! dissolution ( ! ,py?agorean society4 ,_m simil> views & political designs1 :i* ,plato subsequ5tly +raft$ on 8 own philosophy1 9 l mann] rema9$ no?+ m ?an ideas1 & l$ to no practical result4 ,a f> m consid]able influ5ce on life & its relations 0 ex]cis$ by ! ,sophi/s4 ,consid]$ 9 a political po9t ( view1 !y 7 truly & prop]ly p]nici\s demagogues1 &1 9 ! fulle/ s5se ( ! t]m1 ! flatt]]s ( ! populace4 ,n only did !y und]m9e ! outw>d national wor%ip1 ) its poetical & h]$it>y associations1 b also ov]?rew ! inw>d religion ( good pr9ciples & ( moral s5tim5ts4 ,9 %ort1 !y practically taught a true moral a!ism1 & succe$$ 9 mak+ x ! prevail+ & rul+ pr9ciple 9 ! conduct ( life4 ,at ?is /age ( ,grecian philosophy1 we witness1 = ! fir/ "t1 a rem>kable ph5om5on4 ,! true & good sci5ce :i* directs itself to ! ,godlike & div9e1 is unable to atta9 to any la/+ or p]vad+ influ5ce on ! lives ( m53 on ! o!r h&1 we see a false & evil sophi/ic gradually ga9+ a complete asc5d5cy amid ! g5]al demoralization ( society1 & ! gr[+ an>*y ( ! political community1 :i*1 ?or\ghly corrupt & deg5]ate1 only rose out ( "o revolution to fall imm$iately into ano!r4 ,or1 r1 ?is false sophi/ic1 & ?is moral & political an>*y1 7 p]fectly "o toge!r1 s f> at lea/ z two de/ructive pr9ciples c ev] be or be br\ght 9 unison4 ,! complete ali5ation :i* n[ exi/$ betwe5 ! bett] sci5ce & life1 & especially public life1 is mo/ di/9ctly manife/$ 9 ! case ( ! greate/ among ! ,grecian philosoph]s ( lat] times--9 ,ari/otle1 & ! position he occupi$ 9 8 own age & nation4 ,?is acute ?9k]1 ) ! utmo/ c>e & dilig5ce1 collect$ toge!r all ! mo/ em95t results ( ! sci5ce1 & ! mo/ rem>kable ?\ghts ( e>li] times4 ,exam9+ & analyz+ !m ) great critical acum51 & ) a compreh5sive survey1 he =m$ !m into a new :ole1 & arrang$ !m into a sy/em ( 8 own1 complet] & full] ?an _h ev] be=e be5 attempt$ or accompli%$4 ,we c n1 p]haps1 e/imate too highly or admire too mu* ?is great ma/] ( human subtilty1 :e!r = 8 intellectual p[]s & ext5t ( le>n+1 or ev5 z a writ]4 ,/ill we mu/ n =get t 9 8 sy/em 7 conta9$ ! g]m & evid5t t5d5cy to ! two *ief =ms ( philosophical error--naturalism on ! "o side1 & rationalism on ! o!r4 ,& s we f9d t 9 ! lat] times ( ! foll[+ c5turies1 ea* ( ^! false sy/ems1 accord+ z ! occasion favor$ ! "o or ! o!r1 7 drawn out f ! ,ari/otelian doctr9e1 to receive a fur!r & a di/9ct] developm5t4 ,9 8 doctr9e on ! ,godhead1 he c lea/ ( all /& a sev]e & rigor\s criticism4 ,& 9 _m po9ts1 z1 = in/ance1 9 8 notion ( ! absolute self-suffici5cy ( ! reason1 he approximates b too closely to ! ideali/ic view :i* we h already designat$ z ! transition to sci5tific a!ism4 ,x 0 only 9 a v remote & di/ant age t ,ari/otle atta9$ to a v great importance & au?ority4 ,9 8 own day he did b =m a v inconsid]able s*ool1 :i* ex]cis$ f> less influ5ce on public life ?an two o!r sects1 9 ^: hi/ory ! developm5t ( ,grecian philosophy f9ds its close4 ,! sy/em ( ! ,/oics1 ) its /]n &1 consequ5tly1 impracticable !ory ( morals1 its doctr9e ( absolute necessity & bl9d fatalism1 ann\nces itself at once z id5tical ) an au/]e rationalism4 ,at ! same "t1 "u ! tea*+ ( ! ,epicureans1 a s(t & effem9ate naturalism became almo/ univ]sally preval5t4 ,& :ile1 9 ano!r & new] =m1 x gradually assum$ ! place ( ! old my?ical hea!nism1 :i* daily fell m & m into neglect & disrepute1 x /ill reta9$ ! old hea!n s5tim5t1 & a c>eless & undi/urb$ indiff]5ce 9 inactive bliss & self-enjoym5t1 z x 0 ev5 ascrib$ & imput$ to ! gods1 0 introduc$ into life1 & extoll$ z ! true wisdom4 ,?us1 !n1 :ile on ! "o h& ! f\ndation 0 laid = t ins5sibility ) :i* ! wide-spread+ & gr[+ corruption & ! approa* ( ! g5]al ru9 7 contemplat$1 s1 on ! o!r h&1 ! apa?y ( ! ,/oics 0 n exactly ! "r k9d ( s5tim5t to furni% a *eck or c\nt]active to ?is syb>itic indiff]5ce4 ,z conc]ns ! relations ( public life1 ! social community1 & ! /ate1 ! ,/oical doctr9e appe>s1 no d\bt1 9 a wor?i] & a bett] light4 ,on ?is acc\nt x numb]$ among its adh]5ts almo/ all ! great /atesm5 t liv$ f ! la/ times ( ! ,republic d[n to ! lat] c5turies ( ! ,empire4 ,consid]$1 h[ev]1 9 !mselves1 & sci5tifically reg>d$1 bo? sy/ems mu/ be look$ ^u simply z ! la/ *emical decompos+ process1 or ! initiatory putrify+ /ate ( all high] sci5ce & philosophical reflection among ! ,greeks4 ,on ! :ole1 !n1 we conclude t ,grecian sci5ce & philosophy h ex]cis$ no influ5ce at all on life1 or at lea/1 ei!r a v inadequate1 or su* z has prov$ radically baneful & p]nici\s4 ,b n[1 9 ! v c5t] ( man's hi/ory--9 ! transition-po9t betwe5 ! anci5t & ! mod]n _w--sci5ce & life 7 aga9 at unison1 z at ! beg9n+4 ,& ?is 0 effect$ by ! appe>ance ( a new sci5ce 9 ano!r =m4 ,= mo/ assur$ly we %all n err 9 giv+ ?is "n to a new liv+ & spiritual p[]1 :i*1 totally *ang+ & giv+ an entirely new direction to ! arbitr>y views1 s5tim5ts1 & pr9ciples ( public & private life1 & also to ! modes ( ?9k+ preval5t 9 ! age & 9 ! _w1 0 /rong en\gh to triumph1 n only ov] hea!nism itself1 b also ov] ! sci5ce & philosophy ( its mo/ enlight5$ nations4 ,n[ ?is new mode ( ?9k+1 :i* came =w>d 9 ! full c]ta9ty ( ! mo/ und\bt+ fai? & ! highe/ int]nal illum9ation1 _h1 s f> z x is "r & all[able to call x a sci5ce1 a v diff]5t =m & scope f all t has previ\sly & usually be5 s call$4 ,= x issu$ out ( ! v dep?s ( life1 & receiv$ f love--a div9e love1 t is--its fir/ diffusion & e/abli%m5t4 ,consequ5tly1 x 0 a ?or\ghly liv+ sci5ce1 or1 z be+ p]fectly cle> & c]ta9 9 itself1 a new sci5tific life1 :i*1 moreov]1 proce$$ f ?is its fir/ />t+-po9t1 0 able to p5etrate into all ! o!r =ms ( public life & ( ! ant]ior sy/ems ( sci5ce1 & by adopt+ or remodel+ !m1 give to itself !re9 a fur!r & m univ]sal developm5t4 ,b "h1 also1 ! div9e impulse f above enc\nt]$ ! usual p>tial or entire resi/ance f bel[4 ,accord+ly1 ?is new liv+ wisdom1 :i*1 9 its ess5ce1 is "o ) life1 & :i*1 !re=e1 ! m x is develop$ only unfolds ?is unity ! m univ]sally & ! m immutably1 0 n1 at ! fir/1 univ]sally adopt$1 or did n become e :]e pr$om9ant4 ,moreov]1 ev5 :]e x 0 receiv$1 & its au?ority ackn[l$g$1 its reception 0 (t5 little m ?an ext]nal4 ,x 0 n admitt$ z a liv+ pr9ciple into all ! dep?s ( ! s\l1 or impress$ on all ! habits & t5d5cies ( ! m9d gei/4 ,& ev5 :]e1 9 "s degree at lea/1 x 0 adopt$ 9 ! inn] man ) full & s9c]e love1 x 0 (t5 no?+ m ?an an undevelop$ g]m ( ! future & ( a high] life4 ,isolat$ by itself1 & /&+ ap>t1 x rema9$ %ut up )9 ! inmo/ bosom1 )\t at ! same "t p5etrat+1 reanimat+1 & giv+ a new life & %ape to all ! o!r life-elem5ts ( ! consci\sness & ! productions ( human sci5ce4 ,?us1 !n1 x 0 only too possible = error to f9d its entrance ev5 "h also4 ,& x is rem>kable t bo? its pr9cipal =ms1 su* z 9 v>y+ %apes ! hi/ory ( philosophy is con/antly pres5t+ to u 9 ! diff]5t epo*s ( its progress1 "h aga9 mo/ di/9ctly pres5t !mselves ) all ! features ( _! intellectual physiognomy pla9ly m>k$1 & ) ! /ill m obvi\s contra/ ( _! intr9sic div]sity4 ,a philosophy ( nature m or less vision>y & fanciful 0 ! common basis ( ! v>i\s ,gno/ic sects4 ,) _! long s]ies ( imag9>y emanations f ! ,deity1 resembl+ 9 no slight degree ! old hea!n g5ealogies ( ! gods1 !y w\ld1 _h !y triumph$1 h conv]t$ ,*ri/ianity into a simil> my?ology1 ?\gh ( a m philosophical "*4 ,9 ! ,arians1 on ! contr>y1 & o!r k9dr$ sects be=e & aft] !m1 we recognize r ! _s ( rationalism1 :i*1 dwell+ on "s po9t ( life1 or !ory1 ) a %[ ( rigor & accuracy1 :ile1 app>5tly1 x disputes only ab\t words1 is1 9 fact1 und]m9+ ! f\ndation ( ! mo/ ess5tial ideas4 ,all ^! p>ties1 h[ev]1 z !y orig9at$1 s !y also disappe>$1 )9 ! fir/ five or eight c5turies ( our era4 ,x 01 !re=e1 impossible = _! p]nici\s influ5ce to ga9 a deep hold ( life4 ,at lea/ x 0 nei!r univ]sal nor p]man5t4 ,yet by !m ! ardor ( a fir/ love 0 cool$4 ,& sad1 inde$1 has be5 ! loss z reg>ds ! fullness ( liv+ en]gy1 & ev5 9 respect ( pr(\nd] wisdom4 ,! hi/ory ( ! middle ages aga9 pres5ts a r>e & s+ul> ph5om5on4 ,"o great m9d & writ] ( antiquity1 ^: influ5ce 9 8 own day 0 f> f ext5sive1 became at ?is date1 9 a mo/ rem>kable mann]1 ! problem & c5t] ( sci5tific inquiry4 ,= sev]al c5turies ! human m9d 0 labori\sly engag$ 9 disput+ ab\t ! philosophy ( ,ari/otle4 ,& al?\gh m5 did n und]/& x--n1 at lea/1 its deep] mean+1 = !y lack$ ! fir/ & mo/ ess5tial qualifications1 & also ! requisite means = su* a purpose--?is app>5tly aimless disputation1 & ?is unsolv$ problem1 01 nev]!less1 n )\t great & manifold influ5ce on _! own & ! foll[+ ages4 ,x has _h a p]man5t effect on ! :ole frame ( man's life & be+4 ,( ! two :olly diff]5t aspects :i*1 z we h already s (t5 rem>k$1 ! philosophy ( ,ari/otle pres5ts1 x 0 probably n its fruits ( rationalism 7=1 at ?is p]iod1 su* 7 g5]ally reg>d$ z =bidd57 t ?r\gh\t ! great "p ( ! !n civiliz$ _w excit$ s incr$ible a fondness = ?is all-absorb+ & all-und]/&+ sy/em4 ,its attraction lay r 9 "s great & my/]i\s k ( nature4 ,& ! desire = ^! intellectual treasures 0 n a little height5$ by ! fact1 t1 9 g5]al1 !y 7 inaccessible4 ,9 ! little int]c\rse subsi/+1 at ?is p]iod1 betwe5 di/ant nations & l&s1 & ! almo/ total sep>ation ( ! ,ea/ f ! ,we/1 x 0 only ?r\gh ! ,arabic v]sions1 or ,lat9 translations mold$ aga9 ^u ^!1 t any k ( ?is philosophy c\ld be drawn4 ,?is mu/ h l$1 x is obvi\s1 to a wide deviation f ! true s5se & critical _s ( ! au?or4 ,its orig9al aim mu/ h be5 g5]ally miss$4 ,=1 h[ev] highly we may be dispos$ to e/imate ! intellectual m]its ( ! ,arabians1 z writ]s ( _! native hi/ory1 or 9 poetry1 or 9 any o!r sci5ce1 !y are notori\sly defici5t 9 ! true critical _s4 ,_! total & univ]sal want1 9 ?is respect1 is especially evid5t :5 !y are comp>$ ) ! ,greeks1 among :om ?is critical acut5ess1 :e!r false or true1 sprung up & rea*$ its greate/ height4 ,/range1 no d\bt1 & s+ul> is x at fir/ sight1 to view ?is old ma/] ( philosophical ?\ght & sci5ce1 :o1 on ! :ole1 is s p]fectly hea!n1 sudd5ly receiv$ among ! m$ieval !ologians1 & tak+1 z x 71 8 seat1 & giv+ 8 voice among !m4 ,/ill1 if m5 ( great m5tal p[]s & au?ority s\ght to make !mselves ma/]s ( ! :ole matt]--bo? ( ! mu*-disput$ works ( ?is writ]1 ?is ,ari/otle1 s /rangely disguis$ 9 8 new motley dress ( ,arabic ,lat91 & also ( ! volum9\s labors be/[$ ^u him--we mu/ look ^u ?is proc$ure z analog\s to t ( ! ?\ghtful physician1 :o1 9 ! mid/ ( a wide-spread pe/il5ce & inevitable contagion1 pref]s to inoculate x himself1 9 ord] ! m safely to treat & to cure x4 ,9 %ort1 z ! case really /&s1 we mu/ look on ^! illu/ri\s m5 9 two di/9ct lights4 ,on ! "o h& we mu/ see 9 !m ! ,*ur*'s v5]able tea*]s1 & ! sagaci\s & discrim9at+ !ologians ( ! day2 on ! o!r1 ! s*ola/ic int]pret]s ( ,ari/otle1 :o _h n[ become a necess>y evil = ! ,*ri/ian middle ages4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 & :atev] else 0 ! matt] & object ( su* subtile disputes1 0 too soon =gott54 ,9 ^! s*ola/ic conte/s1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ! day1 ! combatants1 horse & man1 7 arm$ cap-a-pi1 incas$ & disguis$ 9 logical coats ( mail1 compos$ ( c\ntless r+s ( ?\ght & *a9s ( ideas4 ,) ?is heavy panoply1 ! great object 0 to heave _! antagoni/ out ( ! saddle4 ,(t5 !y recoil$ f ! %ock )\t advantage on ei!r side--s equally mat*$ 7 !y 9 _! good lances & ! weight ( _! armor--& (t5 !y sw]v$ f ! *>ge4 ,mo/ly1 h[ev]1 bo? ( ! philosophical knights f\nd !mselves1 at ! end ( ! /rife1 at _! old /ation 9 ! li/s1 or driv5 back1 p]haps1 to _! orig9al entry4 ,?is s*ola/ic philosophy1 9 ! =m x n[ took1 ( a highly elaborate art ( logical t\rney 9 ! philosophical s*ools1 01 und\bt$ly1 an abid+ evil 9 ! age t imm$iately foll[$1 & furni%$ an important elem5t to ! p>ty disputes ( lat]1 & to ! rationalism ( ^! late/ times4 ,! ov]?r[ ( ! ,grecian empire & ! discov]y ( ! new _w1 sudd5ly & at once introduc$ into ,we/]n ,europe va/ & v>i$ treasures ( hi/orical1 physical1 & philosophical k4 ,9 ?is brilliant epo* ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 a new _w ( ?\ght 01 z x 71 laid op54 ,a new era ( sci5ce w\ld h be5 f\nd$1 & a v]itable re=mation ( ! :ole ,*ri/ian life mu/ h ensu$1 _h n ! moral corruption & ! political disord]s ( ! p]iod be5 gross beyond description4 ,b = all ?is1 h[ mu* is !re to admire 9 ! ,platonic writ]s ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 among :om ,g]many1 aft] ,italy1 produc$ ! mo/ fam\s & ! greate/ numb]8 ,:5 we take up1 ev5 n[1 any "o ( _! works1 & contemplate !re9 _! compreh5sive lib]al pursuit ( sci5ce1 _! mild1 antique _s1 _! noble =m1 & _! quick recognition ( ! beautiful1 we c n turn f !m )\t regret to t new /ate ( b>b>ism into :i*1 dur+ ! sixte5? & "p also ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 sci5ce 0 plung$ by ! rampant _s ( p>ty & controv]sy4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 peace & quiet return$ aga9 to ,*ri/ian l&s & /ates1 & sl[ly1 & by degrees1 to ! m9ds also ( m54 ,& n[ 0 x1 9 ! eighte5? c5tury1 & especially t[>d ! middle ( x1 t out ( ?is app>5t & sup]ficial peace1 a new sci5ce1 or a new light1 or at lea/ a new diffusion ( x1 seem$ ready to arise4 ,simply reg>d$ 9 a sci5tific po9t ( view1 ?is philosophical endeavor ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 & ! mo/ memorable ( ! sy/ems to :i* x gave rise1 occupi$ our att5tion 9 ! v op5+ ( ^! ,lectures4 ,"h ! imm$iate object ( our consid]ation is n ?is new sci5ce itself1 :e!r true or false1 b r ! influ5ce on ! age1 & on life 9 g5]al1 ( ?is mod]n mode ( ?9k+1 z g5]ally diffus$ & preval5t4 ,mu*1 und\bt$ly1 has be5 discov]$ or newly le>n$ 9 ! natural sci5ces & 9 ! doma9 ( hi/ory2 _m too h be5 ! bold v5tures1 at lea/1 & novel essays 9 philosophy4 ,?is new wisdom1 moreov]1 0 taught & dissem9at$ f> m univ]sally ?an ev] be=e _h be5 ! case2 :ile ev5 ! agreeable feel+ produc$ by ! mod]ation ( ! intellectual _s n[ preval5t1 greatly promot$ its wide & rapid diffusion4 ,b at a lat] p]iod ?is enlight5m5t1 s rapidly & s widely diffus$1 :i*1 moreov]1 0 tak5 only 9 a negative s5se1 0 soon recogniz$ to be unsatisfactory & sup]ficial1 :ile also ! !ory ( popul> lib]ty & indep5d5ce :i* 0 graft$ !reon1 & claim$1 or at lea/ wi%$ to be rational1 bore ! bitt]e/ & wor/ ( fruits4 ,9 %ort1 to speak mo/ l5i5tly ( x1 ! :ole 0 no?+ less ?an ! undige/$ s*eme ( an immature & imp]fect k1 br\ght into ! _w be=e its "t4 ,accord+ly1 its ra% & precipitate c\rse 9 ! la/ age1 ^: hi/ory is unp>allel$ 9 ! annals ( ! :ole _w1 toge!r ) ! fe>ful cata/rophe :i* x has br\ght ab\t1 op5$ ! eyes ( m5 to ! fe>ful abyss to :i* su* a precipitate abuse ( sci5ce _h hurri$ !m4 ,&1 9 consequ5ce1 ?9k+ m5 ( ! highe/ end[m5ts & ! ri*e/ intellectual gifts among diff]5t nations1 h 9 _m ways nobly devot$ !mselves to ! "w ( re/oration 9 s5tim5t1 9 ?\ght1 & 9 sci5ce4 ,b on ! "o h&1 ! fir/ elem5ts ( ! =m] de/ructive pr9ciple appe> to be /ill exi/+1 ev5 ?\gh x be 9 less obvi\s & m pliable & disguis$ =ms4 ,on ! o!r h& aga91 ! correct$ mode ( ?9k+1 & ! bett] tone ( s5tim5t & sci5ce1 is = ! mo/ "p conf9$ m]ely to a m *a/5$ outw>d =m4 ,sc>cely any :]e z yet is x c>ri$ f> en\gh back1 up to ! pr(\nde/ s\rces ( spiritual life1 up to ! primal orig9 & v]itable f\ndation ( ! div9e & ( ! et]nally good4 ,& yet ?is is exactly ! problem ( our age1 & h]e9 alone %all we f9d ! solution ( ! great enigma ( ! times4 ,= f ?is ha/y review ( ! :ole c\rse ( ! intellectual developm5t ( humanity1 f its beg9n+ to its close1 ! result1 = ! sake ( & ) a view to :i* alone ,i v5tur$ s cursorily & 9 su* fa9t outl9e to sket* all ! lead+ epo*s ( ! hi/ory ( philosophy1 mu/ at lea/ be evid5t4 ,z 9 ! beg9n+1 & 9 ! c5t] !re(1 sci5ce & life lov+ly co-op]at$ toge!r & 7 fully 9 unison2 & z 9 ! int]m$iate epo*s & int]vals among ! ,greeks 9 civiliz$ antiquity1 & 9 ! middle ages among ourselves1 !y became m & m e/rang$1 s at ! end w !y be at "o aga94 ,& already1 ev5 9 our own days1 e ?+ is t5d+ to br+ ab\t su* a consummation4 ,b :o %all say :e!r x %all be 9 a good or an evil s5se8 ,ere long1 life %all ei!r1 "u ! influ5ce ( ! true & good & div9e k1 be aga9 re/or$1 p]man5tly regulat$1 & receive a new %ape & fre% vigor1 or1 by a false & delusive sci5ce1 be completely de/roy$1 & involv$ 9 et]nal ru94 ,hav+1 9 ?is ha/y review1 consid]$1 "u its hi/orical aspect1 ! problem ( ! relation ( sci5ce--! true & div9e1 z well z ! false & delusive--to bo? private & public life1 x n[ rema9s = u to exam9e & to answ] ?is same "q f ! side ( !ory4 ,reg>d$ f ?is po9t ( view1 x w\ld appe> t :5ev] sci5ce fails to ex]cise an influ5ce on life1 or :5 !y )draw & are e/rang$ "o f ! o!r1 ! fact may be always acc\nt$ = & expla9$ by accid5tal causes & purely local influ5ces1 su* z h _! orig9 9 ! sev]al p]iods ( ! _w's hi/ory1 or fl[ f c]ta9 imp]fections on "o side or ! o!r4 ,=1 consid]$ 9 itself1 sci5ce 9 g5]al is no?+ b ?is unity ( ?\ght & life1 & consequ5tly its liv+ op]ation & influ5ce are involv$ 9 ! v idea ( a high] sci5ce1 provid$ only x be true & prop]ly regulat$4 ,ei!r1 !re=e1 sci5ce is life elevat$ into a ?\ght1 & consequ5tly trans=m$ into a ?9k+1 or else x is a ?\ght c>ri$ into reality1 t has pass$ & be5 transmut$ into life1 & !re9 fully atte/$ & c]tifi$ by life itself--consequ5tly a ?9k+ become life4 ,n[1 accord+ to ?is view1 t sci5ce consi/s 9 ! mutual approximation to1 & ! f9al atta9m5t (1 a p]fect unity betwe5 ?\ght & life1 !re are ?ree degrees ( x1 accord+ to t triple gradation & ?reefold pr9ciple :i* exi/s 9 ! human consci\sness4 ,! fir/ ( ^!1 !n1 is reflection4 ,& ?is1 und]/ood 9 a some:at pr(\nd] acceptation ?an ord9>ily1 is an int]nal feel+1 he>+1 or see+ ( "o's own ?9k+4 ,consequ5tly x is a p]ception simil> to t ( ! s5ses1 by means ( :i* ! unse5 ?\ght is 9 "s degree project$ & introduc$ into ext]nal reality4 ,b ?is act ( reflection is no?+ m ?an a passive /ate ( ! s\l 9 its int]nal obs]vation ( itself4 ,s long z x rema9s conf9$ to ?is n>r[ sph]e1 x p]petually revolves 9 ! same orbit1 &1 prop]ly speak+1 produces no ult]ior results ( a k fruitful & applicable to actual & outw>d life4 ,! second degree or mom5t ( sci5ce is ab/raction1 by virtue ( :i*1 f ! complete sum ( all ! crit]ia & *>act]i/ics ( an object1 or1 r1 ( a ?\ght1 "s "o is prom95tly set =? z ! mo/ ess5tial1 & = ! sake ( communication designat$ by a "n4 ,= all communication & language is bas$ on ?is faculty ( ab/raction1 :i* is itself an arbitr>y act ( ! free w4 ,b al?\gh by ?is nam+1 g5]alization1 & communication1 ! int]nal ?\ght is advanc$ a /ep f>!r into ! ext]nal _w & ! liv+ reality among & ) o!rs1 /ill ! reality ( ! ?\ght is by no means satisfactorily e/abli%$ !reby4 ,= ?is v lib]ty 9 ! *oice ( "n1 ( comb9ation1 & ( g5]al classification1 op5s a wide field = caprice4 ,?is is evid5t en\gh f ! c\ntless multitude ( t]m9ologies1 s ne$lessly inv5t$ & s rapidly ?r[n into oblivion1 :i* =m s _m remote & mutually un9telligible philosophical dialects1 9 ! ev]-repeat$ attempt to build me?odically ! ,babel t[] ( philosophical sy/em4 ,= ^! designations ( ab/ract ?\ghts1 ev5 :5 !y are mo/ felicit\s1 fail to w9 ! concurr5ce ( o!rs1 & d b op5 a door to endless dialectical disputation4 ,?us1 !n1 nei!r reflection1 :i* is et]nally revolv+ )9 ! n>r[ orbit ( our inw>d self1 nor empty ab/raction1 ?\gh x /rays at pleasure ov] ! spaci\s realm ( ! possible1 c lead u to ! desir$ end ( p]fect c]ta9ty or v]itable sci5ce4 ,x is alone ! practical c>ry+ out into real life ( a speculative ?\ght1 t c br+ x to ! conclusion ( p]fection ( c]ta9ty1 & to a complete & true sci5ce4 ,n[ ,i %\ld pref] to designate ?is its highe/ grade by ! notion & "n ( consequ5ce4 ,b by ?is t]m1 ,i mu/ be und]/ood z mean+ n m]ely a correct logical en*a9m5t ( ideas1 b pre-em95tly a fai?fully-work$-out consequ5ce or consi/5cy ( s5tim5t & life1 i4e41 a p]sev]ance 9 good4 ,at ! same "t1 x mu/ ev] be rememb]$1 t ! evil pr9ciple1 al?\gh x (t5 makes a boa/ ( possess+ ?is quality1 does s only 9 appe>ance1 & nev] 9 ?is true s5se4 ,on ! contr>y1 torn to pieces by conflict+ passions 9 its inmo/ be+1 x is really 9 ! highe/ degree inconsequ5t1 z act+ 9 direct opposition to its beg9n+ & orig91 :i*1 l all o!r creat$ be+s1 x took & receiv$ f ,god4 ,truly consequ5t or consi/5t a man c n be except 9 ! tru?1 i4e41 9 ,him out ( :om all tru?1 & f :om all exi/5ce is d]iv$ & fl[s--9 o!r words1 9 ,god4 ,sci5ce1 !re=e1 is an appli$ ?9k+1 i4e41 "o t has pass$ into life1 & !reby become real & c]ta92 & x is only on ! road ( practice1 by its actual c>ry+ out or real manife/ation1 t x c atta9 to its highe/ degree1 & t ! tru? ( an idea or speculative ?\ght c be satisfactorily atte/$4 ,! ideas1 accord+ to ! orig9al s5se ( ! t]m1 are ev5 ! self-exi/+ ?\ghts ( a high] life1 z di/9ct bo? f ! simple facts ( ! consci\sness 9 ! doma9 ( reflection1 & f ! arbitr>y =ms ( ?\ght set up by empty ab/raction4 ,& ?\gh ev5 "h z else:]e1 a false1 sickly1 or a null & illusory life1 may be sub/itut$ = t :i* is true1 /ill ?is applies only to ! =m ( ! liv+ idea1 z contra/$ ) ! s5su\s semblance or ! dead notion4 ,=1 t an idea is truly div9e1 c only be prov$ by ?is quality ( consequ5ce--by its div9e influ5ce & effect on life4 ,on ! o!r h&1 _m philosophical ?9k]s h some:at errone\sly indicat$ ! intr9sic c]ta9ty ( philosophical ?\ght by ! "n & "u ! =m ( an intellectual intuition1 & !reby giv5 occasion to manifold misconceptions4 ,b if 9 all ! fullness ( ! conception already advanc$ ( ! et]nal tru?1 & ( ,him :o is its sum & s\rce1 we 7 really able to be s5t95t ( & to feel ! div9e life--to he> & audibly to p]ceive ! et]nal ,^w & actually to see ! holy ,light1 su* a spiritual intuition ( ,god's glory & maje/y w\ld be f> m appropriate = ! future ?an = ! pres5t _w4 ,& ev5 ?\gh we may & c admit x to be conceivable1 z giv5 f above1 /ill a communication ( x w\ld be impossible1 &1 consequ5tly1 c\ld n be available = ! ord9>y purpose ( giv+ a philosophical f\ndation to any human sy/em4 ,"u ?is =m1 !n1 ( a s-call$ intellectual intuition1 if x be really su*1 & n r a m]e =m ( ab/ract ?\ght "u ano!r & an assum$ "n1 speculative sci5ce w\ld consequ5tly assume ! "* ( a que/ionable vision1 & a possible m5tal delusion4 ,= a full int]nal satisfaction & c]ta9ty--s f> at lea/ z ^! are atta9able by man--ev5 9 ! case t !y are ! sign & ! pro( t ?is intuition1 or p]ception ( ! div9e light actually took place1 c only be furni%$ by t quality ( consequ5ce already describ$ z belong+ to e ?\ght & cognition :i* is f\nd$ 9 ,god4 ,& to ?is "* ( consequ5ce or consi/5cy1 ! condition ( agreem5t ) e o!r idea or revelation already ackn[l$g$ to be div9e1 belongs naturally z ! irrefragable law ( judgm5t & ( life4 ,t full & correct conception ( et]nal tru? :i* has be5 develop$ by u 9 ! n9? ,lecture z ! liv+ idea ( ! ,supreme ,be+ is unque/ionably ! fundam5tal speculative notion & ! int]nal spiritual basis on :i* e o!r high] sci5ce1 t has any pret5sions to ! qualities ( p]man5ce & consequ5ce :i* belong to "r-?9k+ & to immutable tru?1 is subsequ5tly rais$1 or1 9 o!r words1 x is ! s\rce f :i* x abid+ly fl[s4 ,9 ! ?ree subsequ5t ,lectures1 h[ev]1 ! subject has be5 mo/ly sci5tific1 speculative1 & metaphysical1 ?\gh ?r\gh\t accompani$ ) hi/orical illu/rations drawn f ! developm5t ( ! human m9d4 ,& "h1 accord+ly1 a ref]5ce to ! sci5ce or discipl9e ( logic is e :]e suppos$4 ,n[1 9 ! =m 9 :i* ?is sci5ce or discipl9e has come d[n to u f ! ,greeks1 !re is mu* t is r an accid5t ?an a "p ( its ess5ce1 & ^: pres5ce mu/ be acc\nt$ = by "s special & local necessity4 ,) no p be=e or s9ce has rhetoric enjoy$ s comm&+ an influ5ce z ) ! ,greeks1 & ) none also has ! sophi/ic art produc$ su* great & su* p]nici\s effects4 ,accord+ly1 !y f\nd x necess>y to devote to ! analysis ( all its arts1 delusions1 & tortu\s w9d+s1 & also to ! developm5t ( ! dialectical means = _! detection & refutation1 a disproportionate degree ( att5tion1 :i* is nei!r necess>y = u nor practically useful4 ,! ,h9doos1 likewise1 h f ! mo/ anci5t times possess$ a sci5tific sy/em ( logic4 ,inde$ x has ev5 be5 said1 t ,ari/otle1 hav+ receiv$ f ,alex&] ! ,great "s ( _! logical treatises1 borr[$ f !m 8 own sy/em1 or1 at lea/1 mold$ x aft] !m4 ,b f ! reasons j adduc$1 ,i am dispos$ to ?9k t1 9 all probability1 ! ,h9doo logic 0 mu* simpl] ?an ! ,grecian1 :]e ! simple end ( tru?1 & ! great desid]atum ( a correct /&>d !re(1 0 lo/ sight ( amid an ov]m9ute analysis1 & ! mazes ( an endless subdivision ( notions4 ,9 ! r\t9e ( our s*ool education logic might1 p]haps1 be made a highly pr(itable /udy if only x 7 comb9$ ) & made to be> ^u ! hi/ory ( ! gradual developm5t ( human ?\ght1 & especially ! !ory ( language4 ,& !n1 s9ce ?\ght & spee* are s intimately alli$ to & dep5d5t on ea* o!r1 x w\ld be advisable to g a /ep f>!r1 & ext5d our logical /udies to ! !ory ( imag9ation1 symbolical language & its fundam5tal rules4 ,9 a sci5tific education1 too1 a logic ( ! memory 7if we may be all[$ ! expression7 w\ld 9 all probability be highly useful4 ,= an e/abli%$ law & disposition ( our ?\ghts w\ld greatly facilitate ! ex]cise ( memory1 & z furni%+ rules = ! practice1 or g5]ally z an ex]cise ( t faculty1 w\ld =m an excell5t basis = sci5tific education4 ,= ! conduct ( life1 inde$1 !re is no?+ s important or s desirable z a "r logic ( ! consci5ce1 :i* %\ld detect all ! int]nal delusions ( egoism & ! /ill m subtile sophi/ry ( selfi%ness 9 e po9t :]e ! "q lies betwe5 ! righte\s tru? & a lat5t falsehood4 ,& ?is is intimately connect$ )1 or at lea/ leads directly to1 ! notion ( ! s\nd reason :i* requires be=e all ?+s a consci5ti\s susceptibility ( ! tru?4 ,b a logic applicable to ?is high] sci5ce mu/ be und]/ood 9 a f> m compreh5sive s5se ?an is ord9>ily done4 ,& ?is is ev5 :at we h "h attempt$ to furni%4 ,logic 9 g5]al is conv]sant ab\t ?ree objects3 ! notion1 ! judgm5t1 & ! conclusion4 ,b x ought also to possess a g5]al fundam5tal rule & regulative /&>d ( tru?1 s f> z ?is is atta9able4 ,b inasmu* z 9 ?is doma9 ! et]nal is simply "o1 s also = ?is high] sci5ce "o notion prop]ly is suffici5t2 z also "o judgm5t :i* comprises all o!rs1 & "o conclusion :i* completes ! :ole1 is suffici5t4 ,! act ( und]/&+ has be5 expla9$ to be ! completion ( ! notion2 & ! full & complete appreh5sion ( ! et]nal tru?1 or ( ,him :o is ! sum ( all v]ities1 0 ! subject-matt] ( our n9? treatise4 ,! act ( disc]n+ 0 expla9$ to be ! completion ( ! judgm5t2 & ?is p]fect judgm5t1 :i* decides & di/+ui%es betwe5 tru? & error1 0 ! !me ( our t5? disquisition4 ,sci5ce1 h[ev]1 is ! p]fection ( all ?9k+1 & 9 its actual op]ation1 z appli$ to life1 & 9 itself c>ri$ to a conclusion1 is "o ) x4 ,n[ ?is 0 ! end to :i* ! pres5t discussion & developm5t 0 int5d$ to lead2 :ile ! fur!r prosecution ( x & its ref]5ce to ! sev]al sph]es & doma9s ( exi/5ce mu/ be res]v$ to ! foll[+ disc\rses4 ,,lecture ,,xii4 ,,( ,,! ,,symbolical ,,nature ,,& ,,con/itution ,,( ,,life ,,) ,,ref]5ce ,,to ,,art ,,& ,,! ,,moral ,,relations ,,( ,,man4 ,h[ difficult x g5]ally is = man to express 8 int]nal conceptions1 to br+ out ! indwell+ idea & to realize its p]fect ext]nal manife/ation1 is %[n1 = example1 among o!r in/ances1 by ! f9e arts1 or ! art ( ! beautiful4 ,= ?is reason ! !ory ( ! latt]1 ! s-call$ /hetics 7:i*1 h[ev]1 might f> m correctly be t]m$ symbolism71 =ms ! natural p5dant & accompanim5t to logic1 if ! latt]1 in/ead ( be+ limit$1 z is usual1 to ! m]e art ( di/+ui%+ ! diff]5t k9ds ( notions1 is und]/ood 9 a f> high] s5se1 & ref]r$ to et]nal1 &1 consequ5tly1 div9e tru?1 & to its intr9sic & equally div9e /&>d4 ,= :5 ! "q no long] involves a purely mat]ial or simply subjective v]ity1 b t :i* is m exalt$ & heav5ly1 !n beauty 7t1 namely1 ab\t :i* art is conv]sant1 & :i*1 f> surpass+ all t is m]ely human1 pret5ds & really ought to be div9e & sup]natural7 =ms ! o!r & symbolical aspect ( "o & ! same et]nal tru?4 ,& inde$ x is nei!r sep>able f x nor oppos$ to x1 s long z art ma9ta9s its high /&+ & employs ! s5sual *>m :i* x requires = ! lively expression ( vitality1 & its outw>d manife/ation1 only z a symbol & = ! sake ( t high] significance :i* %e h]self l5ds to x1 & does n seek nor admire x = its own sake1 nor sees !re9 ! fulfillm5t ( its own true end & aim4 ,b by f> ! great] numb] ( ! productions ( art are only repetitions or copies ( "s previ\s realization4 ,& ,i use ?is t]m1 n 9 its usual depreciatory s5se1 b r 9 "o t is applicable to :at are truly arti/ic productions b /ill only successful =mations at second-h&4 ,extremely r>e1 inde$1 are ! orig9al expressions or impressions ( an indwell+1 unborr[$ idea ,& ev5 among ^! v _m are no?+ m ?an ! fir/ fa9t outl9e & comm5cem5t1 :i* only at a subsequ5t epo* ( art1 & aft] long & repeat$ essays1 atta9s to complete p]fection & a really successful & v]itable outw>d exhibition ( ! indwell+ idea4 ,= we mu/ ev] consid] z an idea t inw>d object :i* art 9 its ext]nal manife/ations /rives to realize1 & :i* 9 its creations ought to /& out1 z x 71 bodily be=e u4 ,ev5 9 music 7z ! expression ( ! emotions ( ! s\l 9 _! fl[ & *ange1 & 9 ! /ruggle ) inh>moni\s discords1 till at la/ !y f9ally dissolve 9 h>mony7 x is n s mu* ! imm$iate feel+--= ?is w\ld be no m arti/ic ?an ! m]e cry ( passion--z r ! idea ( x t ! arti/ has 9 8 m9d1 & t =ms ! subject ( 8 repres5tations4 ,! musician /rives to repres5t ! :ole idea--! beautiful & ! m>vel\s 9 ! :ole progress ( its developm5t4 ,foll[+ ! inmo/ life-pulse 9 its alt]nate ris+ & fall+1 he labors to give its unexpect$ transitions up to _! sudd5 h>mony or its repetitions ( /ill increas+ pit* up to a full & soo?+ close1 or 7if ?is is design$ly to be left unatta9$7 up to ! abrupt & pa9ful break+ (f or gradual dy+ away & cessation ( ! pla9tive note or ! tone ( ard5t long+4 ,& ! same is ! case ) sculpture4 ,b "h we w\ld premise ! rem>k1 t ! pr9ciple ) :i* we set out1 ( ! triple nature & division ( man's be+1 is confirm$ by ! exi/5ce ( a correspond+ ord] & div]sity 9 ! f9e arts4 ,among ! arts1 accord+ly1 ^: object is ! manife/ation ( ! beautiful1 music is pre-em95tly ! art = ! s\l1 :ile sculpture is = ! mo/ "p corporeal4 ,n[1 9 sculpture x is n any actual figure or ! body itself t ! arti/ has 9 view4 ,x is ! g5]al idea !re( t con/itutes ! subject-matt] ( 8 repres5tations4 ,he seeks to portray its mo/ p]fect /ructure1 its full organic developm5t1 its exquisite correctness ( symmetry & sublime beauty ( =m4 ,& to all ?is ev5 ! expression ( "* & passion is 9 a c]ta9 degree subord9ate4 ,& exactly because ! ext]nal m$ium :i* x employs1 because ! mat]ial mass on :i* its int]nal conceptions are to be /amp$1 or1 r1 out ( :i* !y are to be work$1 is ! inanimate /one & cold m>ble1 !re=e does true sculpture aim at a high] excell5ce ?an ! uni=mity & dea?-l repose :i* *>act]ize ! ,egyptian /atues ( ! gods4 ,x seeks r to triumph by copy+ ) ! mo/ m>vel\s tru? & fidelity ! liv+ frame 9 its mo/ rapid movem5ts1 & life 9 its mo/ viol5t /ruggles1 & by seiz+ its fleet+ graces to fix !m =ev] 9 its own imp]i%able creations4 ,9 tru?1 ! imitation ( actual reality1 h[ev] difficult & 9 itself wor?y ( admiration x may be1 does n con/itute ! aim or object1 or g5]ally ! pr9ciple ( sculpture1 any m ?an ( any o!r art4 ,a rem>kable pro( ( ?is is af=d$ by ! fact t color1 ) all its *>ms1 is exclud$ f ! pla/ic art & its embodi$ manife/ations z too m]etrici\s & too closely alli$ to reality4 ,= by su* an exp$i5t1 n less ?an by ! use ( +5i\s me*anism to give motion to ! limbs1 ! arti/ic ideal1 or ! images ( ! gods1 w\ld h deg5]at$ into ! puppets ( *ildr54 ,reality1 !re=e1 ) its actual %apes & ! delusive imitation & s]vile copy+ ( !m1 is 9 n[ise ! prop] or imm$iate object ( ! pla/ic art4 ,ev5 beauty ( =m is n always1 n at lea/ solely & exclusively its aim2 x is only s accid5tally & relatively1 z a condition ( ! expression ( "*1 ( ext]nal /ates1 & ( ! total significance4 ,always & univ]sally x is a ?\ght1 ! idea ( "s subject or =m z ! inn] s5se & significance !re(1 t con/itutes ! ess5ce ( a "w ( art1 & ) :i* art 9 g5]al is conc]n$4 ,9 o!r words1 art is symbolical4 ,& ?is may be pr$icat$ ) equal tru? ( e high] art1 z well z ( sculpture1 :atev] may be ! m$ium ( its manife/ations1 :e!r a /atue1 or tone z 9 music1 or words z 9 poetry4 ,x is exactly ?is t con/itutes ! diff]5ce betwe5 high art & e o!r :i*1 h[ev] closely alli$ to x 9 appe>ance1 has "s ult]ior & practical object1 & :i* !re=e c n be symbolical4 ,( ?is k9d1 = in/ance1 is ! diff]5ce betwe5 rhetoric 7:i* mo/ assur$ly is an art1 or at lea/ 0 exclusively treat$ z su* by ! ,greeks7 & poetry4 ,& x is ( ! utmo/ importance to keep ?is di/9ction con/antly 9 view4 ,= exactly 9 ! same degree t x is neglect$ is ! prop] "* & true excell5cy ( ! high] art ( ! beautiful lo/ sight (4 ,& a "r e/imate ( ! o!r arts :i* h an ult]ior & practical object w\ld also be endang]$4 ,an orator :o ) ! greate/ comm& ( practical & imag9ative language is nev]!less devoid ( conv9c+ logical p[] to sway ! m9ds ( m5 by 8 argum5ts1 & to b5d !m irresi/ibly to 8 purpose1 w\ld ex]cise b little influ5ce2 :ile no heavi] c5sure c be pass$ on "o :o sets up = a poet1 ?an to affirm ( him1 t he possesses & und]/&s no?+ b ! rhetoric ( passion1 )\t--?\gh su* fur!r qualification is evid5tly sup]flu\s--true poetry4 ,( ! f9e arts1 !re=e1 :i*1 employ+ a mat]ial m$ium = _! repres5tations1 possess an ideal & symbolical significance1 music is ! art ( ! s\l1 & sculpture is t ( corporeal =m1 & ( ! manife/ation ( ! true idea ( organic beauty4 ,b among ! ?ree si/] arts1 pa9t+ is ! true spiritual "o4 ,z ! light1 ) its ceaseless v>iety ( t9ts & hues1 is ! mo/ spiritual elem5t ( nature1 & z ! eye is ! mo/ spiritual ( man's s5ses1 s pa9t+1 z conc]n$ ab\t ^!1 is ! mo/ spiritual ( ! arts1 & ! "o ) :i* ! symbolical _s readily associates itself4 ,pa9t+ directs itself :olly to ! eye1 :]eas sculpture appeals inde$ to ! eye1 b only z ! necess>y m$ium = satisfy+ ! corporeal s5se & feel+4 ,b pa9t+1 9 its manife/ations1 does n conf9e itself to ab/ract beauty 7if we may s say7 or ! p]fect /ructure & symmetry ( =m4 ,x embraces all ! eye c rea* 9 ! visible ph5om5a ( ! _w1 ) all its wond]ful play ( light & %ade & magical spl5dor ( color+1 :]e n only ! :ole1 b ! sev]al p>ts--9 a ^w1 all t 9 _m & v>i\s ways is *>m+ to ! s5ses1 attractive to ! eye ) ev] new wond]s1 & all t to ! m9d or _s is full ( deep spiritual & symbolical significance4 ,& = ?is reason ! wond]ful art ( pa9t+ is ev5 ! mo/ appropriate1 %all ,i say to exhibit1 or r to sugge/1 ! high my/]ies ( div9e love 9 religion & revelation4 ,no wond]1 !n1 if1 9 mod]n ,*ri/5dom1 music & pa9t+1 ! art or symbolism ( s\l & _s1 h be5 *iefly cultivat$1 & atta9$ _! highe/ developm5t & p]fection1 :]eas ! art ( ! p]fect developm5t ( organic =m & corporeal & s5sual beauty1 rea*$ its height ( excell5ce 9 ! sculpture ( classical antiquity1 :i* 9 ! same way & degree w nev] aga9 be p>allel$1 or at lea/ w nev] be surpass$4 ,x appe>s suffici5t if we assume t !re are only ?ree symbolical arts = ! high] manife/ation ( ! beautiful4 ,= ar*itecture1 al?\gh 9 v>i\s ways b\nd & modifi$ by ! conditions ( "s ult]ior design1 is1 nev]!less1 9 its pr9cipal features closely relat$ to sculpture1 & /&s on ! same l9e ) x4 ,= beauty ( /ructure1 correctness ( proportion1 & grace ( symmetry1 :i* =m ! fundam5tal laws ( ! pla/ic art1 con/itute also ! ideal ( ar*itecture4 ,accord+ly1 among ! ,greeks & ,romans1 :]e ! latt] atta9$ to its highe/ & ri*e/ cultivation1 its pr9ciples1 relations1 & =ms approximate to ^? ( organic figure1 to :i* !y are n inde$ outw>dly 9 _! /ructure1 b 9 a c]ta9 degree & accord+ to _! int]nal con/itution1 simil> & correspond5t1 or at lea/ relat$4 ,egyptian ar*itecture1 ) its pr$om9antly ma!matical "*1 & ! tree-l ,go?ic aspir+ to heav51 ) its sl5d] %afts & floral decorations1 =m ! two extremes ( ?is organic "* :i* belongs to ar*itecture1 & :i* con/itutes x "o & ! same art ) sculpture4 ,= ! /ructures ( ! =m] environ & surr\nd ! creations ( ! latt]4 ,& x is only consi/5t t t :i* supplies ! legitimate sph]e & ! natural m$ium = ! o!r prop]ly exhibitive art ( sculpture & its /atues ( ! gods1 %\ld ev5 possess or acquire a simil>ity ( "* ) x4 ,z to ! ,egyptian & ,go?ic ar*itectures1 ! rem>k readily sugge/s itself t ! symbolical "* displays itself pr$om9antly 9 !m3 purity ( =m1 h[ev]1 is ! preval5t feature ( ! antique 7or ,grecian71 b ev5 "h 9 its proportions ! symbolical pr9ciple may be trac$1 al?\gh x is m recondite1 n to say conceal$4 ,ev5 poetry is no f\r? art alongside ( ! o!r ?ree4 ,x does n /& on ! same l9e ) & =m1 z x 71 ! complem5t ( _! numb]4 ,x is r ! univ]sal symbolical art :i* comprises & comb9es 9 diff]5t m$iums all ^? o!r exhibitive arts ( ! beautiful4 ,9 its rhy?m & o!r metrical aids x possesses all ! *>ms ( a music 9 words2 9 its figurative diction x ma9ta9s an endless succession ( %ift+ pictures 9 ! vivid color+ ( div]sifi$ illu/ration2 :ile 9 its entire /ructure 7:i* mu/ be nei!r purely hi/orical1 nor logical1 or ev5 rhetorical7 x /rives to atta91 by a beautiful organic developm5t & disposition ( its p>ts1 to an arrangem5t ( ! :ole bo? ar*itecturally great & correct4 ,poetry owes 9 e in/ance its fir/ creative beg9n+ to "s great & s+ul> ray ( light f symbolical tradition1 :i*1 at ! same "t1 illum9ates ! noble & memorable pa/1 & po9ts =w>d to ! d>k & my/ical future4 ,= x w\ld be difficult to produce "o among ! great epic poems ( antiquity t does n conta9 ?is poetico-prophetic elem5t1 & does n t\* ^u ! pr(\nd my/]ies ( bo? worlds4 ,! next & middle /ep is occupi$ by ! poetry ( s5tim5t & feel+--t music ( ! s\l or poesy ( song 9 :i* ! calm deep long+s & ! wild te>+ passions ( ! mom5t1 once plung$ & glorifi$ 9 t immortal elem5t1 become et]nal4 ,b ! height ( p]fection 9 ! organic developm5t ( poetry is m>k$ by ! drama4 ,?is ?ird & highe/ =m ( poetical art has = its subject-matt] ! :ole /ruggle ( human life1 :i* 9 its vivid repres5tations x aims to realize1 &1 z x 71 to br+ bodily be=e our eyes4 ,!re exi/s an obvi\s analogy betwe5 ! sev]al con/itu5ts1 z well z ! diff]5t species or k9ds ( poetry & ! ?ree mat]ial arts ( ! beautiful4 ,z ! latt] are symbolical ?r\gh\t 9 ! subject no less ?an 9 ! mann] & design ( _! manife/ations1 s also1 b 9 a f> high] degree1 is poetry1 z ! art :i* embraces all ! ?ree 9 its own sph]e4 ,& ?is 0 ! end to :i* ,i wi%$ to arrive1 inasmu* z ! symbolical significance ( ! :ole ( life is ! v po9t :i* at pres5t claims our att5tion4 ,= x be>s intimately on ! conclusion :i* ,i attempt$ to e/abli% 9 my la/ ,lecture4 ,x 0 !re my endeavor to prove t ! supreme sci5ce1 :i* is ess5tially id5tical ) a div9e fai?1 may be actually appli$ to life1 be really br\ght 9 unison ) x1 & become trans=m$ into a liv+ & real exi/5ce4 ,b ?is c only be accompli%$ by a symbolical process1 or 9 o!r words1 ! symbolical signification ( life is ei!r itself ! basis1 or else an indisp5sable condition (1 & inevitable transition-po9t t[>d1 su* a union & its accompli%m5t4 ,b 9 ! arts :i* portray ! beautiful1 ?is symbolical significance & prop]ty is mo/ di/9ctly prom95t2 "h x is mo/ easily und]/ood & mo/ univ]sally recogniz$4 ,on ?is acc\nt ,i h *os5 ?is subject1 z =m+ ! natural transition & connect+ l9k betwe5 ! previ\s & ! foll[+ ,lectures4 ,no d\bt ! /hetical portion ( man's con/itution & life is 9 itself suffici5tly rem>kable & attractive1 & ri* & important en\gh 9 its effects & consequ5ces1 to v9dicate = itself su* an episode1 & to claim = x a place 9 philosophical speculation4 ,= x %[s t t fundam5tal law ( psy*ological sci5ce & triple pr9ciple ( division ( ! human consci\sness into _s1 s\l1 & s5se1 admits also ( application 9 ?is doma9 also1 & may s]ve to confirm ! :ole !ory & way ( ?9k+4 ,! fur!r prosecution1 h[ev]1 ( ?is elem5t>y view or sket* ( art w\ld c>ry me beyond my pres5t limits4 ,= ! aim ( t philosophy ( :i* ,i am attempt+ to give an exposition is direct$ to life itself--z well ! inn] life ( ! individual z ! public life 7& 9 ! pres5t place1 also1 its symbolical relation or signification7--:i* is s insep>ably & intimately connect$ ) ! inve/igation into ! div9e f\ndation ( life & ! div9e direction :i* ought to be imp>t$ to x4 ,x c easily be %[n t education z well z art is ess5tially symbolical4 ,su*1 inde$1 mu/ be ! "* ( ! education1 :e!r public or private1 ( ! :ole ris+ g5]ation1 unless x is to deg5]ate into an ord9>y me*anical sy/em4 ,& x is ev5 9 ?is quality pr9cipally t we are dispos$ to place ! di/9ction betwe5 an unspiritual education1 :i*1 ev5 ?\gh 9 ! /]nness ( its morality x may defy c5sure1 yet ev5tually proves b>r5 & mortal1 & "o m solid & m con=mable to human nature1 :i*1 less pret5d+ 9 ! outset1 is ev5 ! m la/+ 9 its effects4 ,! ready susceptibility ( ! y\?ful m9d = e ?+ symbolical t lies )9 its rea*1 & its vivid p]ception ( its mean+1 might be cle>ly en\gh %[n by in/anc+ "s ( ! ord9>y amusem5ts ( boyhood & y\?4 ,h[ commonly1 9 ^! ye>s1 are ! v>i\s occupations1 pursuits1 & circum/ances ( real &1 to !m1 /ill future life1 *ildi%ly1 p]haps1 b /ill +5i\sly imitat$1 or1 r1 anticipat$6 ,& h[ la/+ an influ5ce does ?is frequ5tly make on _! little society6 ,:at v>i\s b la/+ traces does x (t5 leave on _! m9ds1 m p]haps ?an _m h\rs ( /udy1 especially if 9 ! latt] ! usual sy/em ( ov]load+ ! "y m9d defeats its own end4 ,play1 inde$1 mu/ n become ! m]e pa/ime ( idl5ess1 = x is only by its alt]nation ) labor & ! /]nness ( discipl9e t x cont9ues to be a recreation & a pleasure4 ,&1 inde$1 ! e>ne/ness1 ! labor1 & ! /]n] "p 9 ?is :ole bus9ess & matt] ( education1 z mix$ & compos$ ( two opposite elem5ts1 ( ! s]i\s & ! sportive1 is highly capable ( receiv+ s spiritual a ref]5ce & vital a significance4 ,& if all education be no?+ else ?an a prep>ation = ! future1 & ! /ate ( ?is prep>ation1 !n x mu/ be self-evid5t t too _m or en\gh ( su* vivid ref]5ces & spiritual allusions to a future life1 ei!r g5]ally or to any p>ticul> phase ( x t may *iefly be _h 9 view1 c n be introduc$ into education & its s]i\s & sportive elem5ts & pursuits4 ,= x is only by ?is me?od t ! susceptibilities ( y\? & ! y\?ful fancy c be vividly excit$ & ?or\ghly impress$ ) ! fundam5tal design & significance ( ! :ole ( life--a result :i* no m]e dry def9ition ( ! future /ate1 or g5]ally ( any 8de/9ation ( man0 on ! du/y road ( logic1 w ev] atta9 to4 ,x is n[ise s+ul> if ?is symbolical prop]ty & disposition ( human nature ann\nces itself z di/9ctly 9 ! e>lie/ developm5t & 9 ! mo/ p]fect ( ! productions ( arti/ic g5ius1 :e!r we take into consid]ation ! :ole exi/+ /ate ( mank9d1 or 8 orig9al & ess5tial con/itution relatively to ! _w & to ,god4 ,we h already rem>k$1 on m ?an "o occasion1 t man1 z soon z he 0 depriv$ ( ^? high] faculties :i* he _h abus$ to 8 ru91 fell !reby m entirely ?an w\ld seem orig9ally to h be5 ! case1 "u ! dom9ion ( figurative fancy1 & t1 consequ5tly1 8 :ole nature & consci\sness became greatly *ang$ f :at x 0 at ! beg9n+4 ,if man did at ! v fir/ possess ! faculty & ! p[] to communicate 8 ?\ghts to o!rs inw>dly by a m]e op]ation ( 8 w1 & )\t hav+ rec\rse to ! ext]nal m$ium ( words1 he no long] enjoys ?is privilege2 & if any wond]ful ph5om5a 9 any way resembl+ !reto be n[ f\nd1 !y only =m s _m rem>kable exceptions1 in/ead ( mak+ ! rule ( human life & consci\sness z !y n[ are4 ,z at pres5t con/itut$1 man feels t 8 /ate is pre-em95tly symbolical3 he sees 9 symbolism a necess>y requirem5t = 8 e>?ly pursuits--a sub/itute = ^? imm$iate p[]s ( cogitation :i* he has lo/4 ,& all ?is is true1 indep5d5tly ( any use he may freely *oose to make ( symbols = ! high] purposes ( spiritual life4 ,man1 at ! beg9n+1 0 plac$ on ?is e>? z its fir/-born son1 9 ! mid/ ( ! telluric univ]se1 or1 9 o!r words1 9 ! c5t] ( a planet>y _w ak9 to & simil> to 8 own4 ,n[1 :atev] may be ! case1 or :atev] x may be all[able to ?9k ( any o!r ( ! />ry sph]es--?\gh 9 ! invisible _w ( spirits all p]haps is m imm$iately full ( & in/9ct ) ess5ce1 & is n veil$ 9 mat]ial emblems1 ?is is n ! case ) ?is e>?4 ,t]re/ial nature1 9 all its organic productions & w>r+ elem5ts ( life1 is ?r\gh\t symbolical4 ,man1 !re=e1 view$ f ?is position ( 8 e>?ly habitation1 is surr\nd$ by a symbolical _w ( s5su\s emblems4 ,& if we c1 or1 r1 if we w1 believe ! gr& intimation ) :i* revelation op5s1 ! fir/ & highe/ de/9ation ( man is ev5 symbolical--to be ! ,div9e image4 ,if1 n[1 all ! natural wants & prop]ties ( man are symbolical--if su* be 8 pres5t /ate 9 ! mid/ ( creation--8 :ole position 9 ! mundane sy/em1 & 8 high & heav5ly de/9ation1 c we1 or1 r1 ought we1 to wond] if ev5 religion pres5ts itself = ! mo/ "p clo!d 9 a symbolical g>b8 ,= ?is is ! case1 n m]ely ) t :i* 0 ! wild upgr[? ( a poetical & purely imag9ative hea!nism1 b also ! old1 orig9al1 & pure religion ( nature--z ! fir/ love devot+ itself = sacrifice--! second revelation ( ,god4 ,& s we f9d x to h be5 9 ! old _w1 or1 z x is o!rwise call$1 ! old cov5ant4 ,"h ! fir/ twilight ( fai? 0 yet /udd$ ) all ! />ry spl5dor ( ! :ole symbolical creation1 z x 7 ) ! brilliant diadem ( nature's mo/ glori\s images4 ,& ev5 ! new era ( ! asc5d+ & bright5+ dawn /ill be>s on its front ! glitt]+ morn+-/> ( art4 ,b n[1 if /ill reta9+ ! same figure1 or1 r1 borr[+ f x a contra/1 we proce$ to designate art 9 & by itself1 we may ju/ly comp>e x to ! moon1 :i* illum9es ) its vague b m>vel\s half-light ! doma9 ( night & ! d>k realms ( creative fancy4 ,ev5 "h x is b a borr[$ spl5dor f ! true sun1 a reflection f ano!r & a high] lum9>y1 t lights up ! d>kness4 ,& :ile all ! wond]ful />ry types ( ! spiritual _w1 :i* retire 9 ! full day1 come out 9 ?is magical twilight1 s also deceptive phantoms1 airy =ms ( gigantic magnitude1 may m+le ) ! hov]+ & mi/y troop ( %ad[s to :i* ! e>?-born vapors alone give bir? & %ape4 ,& yet1 not)/&+ ?is e>?ly int]mixture1 ! art ( ! beautiful1 :5ev] x reta9s its true nature1 is 9 its ess5ce direct$ to ! div9e4 ,consequ5tly x n only l5ds an ext]nal *>m to religion1 b 9 its orig91 9 all times & peoples1 x 0 intimately relat$ to x1 & b\nd to x by ! /ricte/ ties ( aff9ity & association4 ,& ?is is n ! less true1 ev5 ?\gh to ! eye ( a sev]e criticism mo/ ( its productions1 9 ! ages ( its decl9e1 may appe> utt]ly remote f its fir/ s\rce & aim1 & p]fectly va91 wor?less1 & s5sual4 ,! div9e orig9 ( art is easily prov$ by its hi/ory e :]e1 & inde$ is s manife/ t x c n well be d\bt$4 ,high art1 inde$1 c n & nev] w surr5d] its claim to a div9e p[] & sanctity3 x mu/ insi/ ^u ! recognition ( ?is its high sanction4 ,if we c\ld conceive an age or c\ntry :]e religion %\ld entirely cease & be =gott5--:]e n only all positive fai? & revelation1 b ev5 ! univ]sal belief 9 a ,div9ity above !m1 %\ld die away & p]i% among m5--! light ( all high] & heav5-direct$ ?\ghts & aims %\ld become ext9ct--t e*o ( et]nity & ( et]nal love :i* ! inmo/ feel+s ( ! human s\l spontane\sly gives back1 %\ld be hu%$ =ev]--!n & !re at ! self-same mom5t w\ld all high art be )drawn & disappe>4 ,9 our own age ! /ate ( ?+s is ! direct contr>y to t :i* we h be5 suppos+4 ,:ile f ! univ]sal preval5ce ( free?9k+ 9 politics--a natural consequ5ce ( ! reign ( religi\s skepticism--! :ole ( life1 & especially public life1 has ceas$ to be reg>d$ & und]/ood 9 its symbolical "* & dignity2 :ile ! little ( religi\s s5tim5t t /ill survives is m or less di/ract$ & secul>iz$ by sect>ian controv]sy1 & sc>cely "o inviolable sanctu>y is left = a simple & und\bt+ fai? to %elt] 9--art & ! beautiful are = a c]ta9 portion ( ! educat$ classes ! only fre% oasis ( div9ity amid ! surr\nd+ des]t ( worldl9ess4 ,x is ! la/ treasure left to !m1 &1 inde$1 priz$ by !m z su*1 & reg>d$ z ! true palladium ( a high] intr9sic life2 b ?is1 9 its isolat$ /ate & by itself1 x nev] c be4 ,9 ?is respect ! pres5t age may be lik5$ to a noble h\se1 fall5 f its primitive weal? & magnific5ce into decay & ru94 ,its rev5ues dissipat$ by mis=tunes1 mismanagem5t & extravagance2 its mansion & doma9s mortgag$ or encumb]$ ) debt1 no?+ rema9s to x b ! family jewels4 ,^! "t-honor$ heirlooms ( bett] days are all t x /ill reta9s ( its =m] opul5ce4 ,& ev5 9 ^! _m a false /one has be5 introduc$ among ! old g5u9e diamonds2 mu* spuri\s metal has be5 sub/itut$ = ! /]l+ gold ( antiquity4 ,app>5tly1 h[ev]1 ! :ole are /ill pres]v$ z ! la/ relic ( a =m] spl5dor1 & ( a weal? :i* once seem$ inexhau/ible4 ,9 ! same way ! pres5t g5]ation supports its inn] & high] life on ! m]e ext]nal treasures ( art1 :ile ! great capital ( anci5t fai?1 to :i* among o!r excell5t fruits t ornam5t ( beauty ow$ its exi/5ce1 has by ! great majority be5 long squ&]$ on ! 8_s ( ! age40 ,b ! symbolical dress t religion e :]e assumes con/itutes b "o half ( its ext]nal =m4 ,! o!r consi/s 9 ! vital & intr9sic union ( all ! memb]s & pr(essors ( ! common fai?4 ,religion c n by any means be isolat$ & solit>y4 ,x is impossible to ?9k ( x z exi/+ only = ! individual4 ,9 a ^w1 !re is no su* ?+ z religion 9 a prop] s5se )\t a community4 ,two or ?ree mu/ at lea/ be unit$ 9 a common fai?1 t its p[] & efficacy may be visible among !m4 ,& ?is association is "o vital ?r\gh\t--an inmo/ bond b9d+ s\ls toge!r by a spiritual attraction1 &1 z x 71 en*a9m5t ( ! sev]al memb]s4 ,z ! electrical %ock trav]ses in/antane\sly ! entire *a9 ( ! connect$ l9ks1 & ! sp>k :i* ent]s at "o extremity fla%es ! next mom5t at ! o!r--z a s+le load/one w by contact conv]t any numb] ( ne$les into magnets1 & elevate !m into a new & high] relation to ! :ole globe--s is x also 9 religion4 ,a liv+ communication f ! fir/ orig9 runs ?r\gh ! :ole community4 ,z 9 ! voltaic pile1 compos$ ( alt]nate lay]s ( two diff]5t metals1 "o *emical elem5t ( ! telluric en]gy or ( ! vital pr9ciple ( ! air or atmosph]e is emitt$ or set free on "o side & ! o!r on ! opposite2 s is x "h also 9 ! spiritual *a9 ( fai? & 9 its liv+ reciprocal action ( ! diff]5t memb]s ( ?is s\l-*a9--betwe5 ^? :o are active m9i/]s & conductors1 or in/rum5ts by :i* x works1 & ! o!rs1 :o 9 a some:at passive relation only imbibe ! invisible life4 ,by ! "o ! div9e bless+ ( sanctification & hol9ess is set 9 action & br\ght to light--develop$ & confirm$2 :ile by ! o!rs grace is receiv$ z ! effectual p[] & gift ( salvation4 ,"o rem>k1 h[ev]1 seems p>ticul>ly call$ = 9 ?is place4 ,x appe>s1 f :at has be5 already said1 t ev5 revelation & ! true religion itself inv>iably puts on & is inve/$ ) t symbolical g>b :i* is s consonant & agreeable to ! /ate & nature ( humanity4 ,?is be+ ! case1 x becomes extremely difficult to =m a g5]al /&>d by :i* we may unfalt]+ly det]m9e :at symbols are n ess5tial1 z only s]v+ = ! ext]nal g>b ( religion & an intelligible vehicle ( its communications4 ,= ?is1 x is evid5t1 mu/ be gov]n$ by ! div]sity ( individual wants & peculi>ities1 & mu/ consequ5tly assume a v>iable & p]sonal "*4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a symbol proce$s imm$iately f ,god1 !n x mu/ necess>ily be ess5tial4 ,x is n only a type1 b an actual sub/ance4 ,to suppose o!rwise w\ld be ev5 almo/ p>allel to presum+ to reg>d ! et]nal ,logos1 :o is ! s\rce ( light & life1 ( all k & ( all be+1 z a ^w m]ely1 )\t innate en]gy & sub/ance4 ,mo/ natural1 !re=e1 is x 7t is to say1 mo/ consi/5t ) ! nature ( ! ?+1 :i* h[ev] 9 itself is sup]natural1 incompreh5sible1 & surpasses all conception71 t ! highe/ symbol ( ! fai?1 t :i* =ms ! pr9ciple ( communion & ! liv+ c5t] ( unity ( all ,*ri/5dom1 %\ld h su* a "* z to be at once a symbol & also ! v]itable reality ( ! ?+ itself4 ,= inasmu* z on ! alt> ( ?is religion ( div9e love1 s9ce ! "o oblation has long ago be5 p]fect$1 no o!r fire %all aga9 be k9dl$ b ! flame ( pray] & ( a w direct$ to & 9 unison ) ,god2 !re=e1 ! act by means ( :i* t communion ( s\ls :i* con/itutes ! ess5ce ( all religion1 is ma9ta9$ & c>ri$ on1 consi/s simply 9 ?is1 t ! ess5tial sub/ance ( ! div9e p[] & ( ,god's love to man is giv5 & receiv$ z ! wond]ful seal ( union ) ,him4#eb ,z to ! alt> itself1 h[ ri* or h[ simple its ornam5ts ought to be1 is a "q :i* ,i h already rem>k$1 does n easily admit ( any g5]al solution4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we %\ld attempt to ?9k ( ,*ri/ianity )\t an alt>1 or desire & attempt to e/abli% su* a s*eme--:at inde$ among ! va/ v>iety ( human conceits & religi\s !ories has only occurr$ to a v limit$ numb]1 & nev] has & nev] w ex]cise any la/+ & decid$ influ5ce--a ,*ri/ianity ?us dive/$ ( symbols & my/]ies w\ld be degrad$ into a m]e philosophical view & op9ion--or at ! v be/1 a s*ool ( ! k9d--any ?+1 9 %ort1 r ?an religion4 ,ev5 ! /udy ( ! ,bible1 if 9 spite ( s sad a /ate ( ?+s x %\ld /ill survive1 w\ld s9k into a m]e matt] ( erudition1 on a level ) any o!r favorite pursuit ( antiqu>ian lore & rese>*4 ,& if1 on ! o!r h&1 ris+ p]haps some:at high] ?an a m]e philosophical op9ion or ! favorite pursuits ( erudition1 a religi\s community1 hav+ no alt> at all1 %\ld pret5d to re/ entirely on pray] & spiritual tea*+ or prea*+1 su* a s*eme mu/ presuppose an imm$iate inspiration1 communicable to all & cont9u\s ?r\gh\t "t4 ,b su* an hypo!sis inv>iably proves ! easy & natural transition to ! mo/ frightful fanaticism1 ( ^: p]nici\s & evil effects ^? only :o are acqua9t$ ) ! dome/ic hi/ory ( ,mohamm$ism1 among ^: mod]n & anci5t sects ?is idea is rampant1 c =m a cle> & adequate conception4 ,9 religion1 !re=e1 & t entire union ( ! inn] man & s\l ) ,god :i* x dem&s1 or at lea/ hopes & desires to br+ ab\t z ess5tial & necess>y1 & :i* ! high] philosophy ( antiquity1 no less ?an reveal$ religion1 /rove & long$ to atta91 !re lies a some?+ inconceivably sublime & beautiful4 ,nay1 we might almo/ call x an impossible result1 simil> 9 "s degree to t :i* is involv$ 9 ! high] & m intricate ( algebraic equations = :i* !re is no solution1 or :i*1 at lea/1 appe> to h none till x is actually discov]$4 ,n[ ?is f9ite1 *angeable1 & 9 all respects incomplete & 9 no "o po9t satisfactorily1 or at lea/ n p]fectly def9$ 7a7 ( our own individual self1 ) :i* we are wont to comm5ce ! :ole ( our ?\ght & life1 is to be br\ght into communion )1 or1 9 o!r words1 to be equal$ to ! :olly incompreh5sible 7x7 ( ! incommunicable ,godhead4 ,h[ is ?is possible8 ,by :at means is x to be accompli%$8 ,prop]ly1 inde$1 our ,ego is no su* 7a71 & c n be def9$ z su* 9 ! wond]ful algebraic equation ( our inmo/ life & highe/ pursuit4 ,= n[h]e does man feel himself to be a fir/2 all ?+s prove him to be second>y & d]ivative1 :]ev] x may be t he is to take or seek 8 beg9n+4 ,& n only does ! alphabet ( our life c>ry u beyond itself & t[>d its end 9 ?is incompreh5sible 7x71 b x is also defective at its comm5cem5t1 & wants a beg9n+ & ! fir/ 7a71 :i* ought to =m its v op5+4 ,& ev5 ! 7b7 7c\ld ?is satisfy u7 is n[h]e di/9ctly & cle>ly to be f\nd su* z x is 9 & by itself1 or su* ev5 z x 0 orig9ally4 ,x is inv>iably mix$ & involv$ ) some?+ else equally unkn[n4 ,we h1 !re=e1 9 ?is equation ( our life1 to d ) two :olly unkn[n magnitudes--) ! incompreh5sible 7x71 & ) ! 7y74 ,= by ! latt] sign we w at pres5t designate t :i* e :]e meets & opposes u4 ,= ! fact ( su* an inborn & connatural ob/acle e "o w admit1 ev5 ?\gh he may refuse to expla9 x by ! evil pr9ciple & may be unwill+ to receive ! explanation :i* revelation gives ( x4 ,h[1 n[1 is ?is our 7b7 to be c>ri$ back to its orig9al 7a78 ,h[ is x to be set free f ?is evil 7y71 & br\ght into union ) ! highe/ 7x78 ,! answ] & solution to ?is app>5tly insoluble equation c only be obta9$ by "o me?od4 ,9 attempt+ x1 we mu/ keep /eadily 9 view ! pr9ciple s rec5tly advanc$1 t ! ess5ce ( religion consi/s 9 ! effectual communication ( a high] & liv+ p[]1 :i*1 emanat+ f ! fir/ & orig9al po9t1 trav]ses ! :ole spiritual *a9 to its f>!/ l9k4 ,b1 9 ord] to illu/rate completely ?is pr9ciple1 & ! idea :i* arises f x1 ( a satisfactory solution ( ?is problem1 ,i w indulge myself 9 a brief b episodical explanation ( ! ,egyptian hi]oglyphics1 z furni%+ ! mo/ suitable example = my purpose4 ,=1 inasmu* z ! symbolical nature & con/itution ( ! human1 &1 inde$1 ( all mortal exi/5ce1 0 ! ma9 subject :i* op5$1 & has occupi$ our pres5t consid]ation1 x may be reg>d$ z ! natural complem5t & key/one to ! :ole discussion1 if1 9 addition to :at has prec$$1 we g on briefly to exam9e h[ & 9 :at s5se ! olde/ writ+ & e>lie/ me?od employ$ by m5 = ! communication ( _! ideas 0 symbolical4 ,( ! languages ( ,we/]n ,asia1 at lea/1 & ( ! alphabets d]iv$ !refrom1 ! ,hebrew1 viz41 ! ,phnician & ! ,greek1 x may )\t hesitation be ass]t$1 t !y 7 d]iv$ f hi]oglyphics1 & are1 )\t exception1 ( hi]oglyphic orig94 ,?is c n be ass]t$ z decid$ly ( ! ,indian alphabet1 :i* diff]s s totally f all ^? previ\sly m5tion$4 ,/ill ,i %all n all[ myself1 simply on ?is acc\nt1 to come ov] ha/ily to any conclusion z to ! comp>ative antiquity ( ! ,h9doo & ! ,egyptian modes ( writ+4 ,n[1 accord+ to all t we "k ( ! hi]oglyphical mode ( indicat+ objects1 x re/s on a v simple pr9ciple4 ,! discov]y :i* 0 9 s rem>kable a mann] res]v$ to our own age1 is n inde$ complete1 & leaves mu* /ill to be expla9$4 ,! fundam5tal pr9ciple1 nev]!less1 is well e/abli%$4 ,f ?is x appe>s t ! hi]oglyphic sy/em ( ,egypt1 al?\gh entirely symbolical1 conta9s1 not)/&+1 ! g]m ( alphabetical writ+4 ,z ! pr9ciple ( hi]oglyphical writ+ is equally applicable to mod]n languages z to ! ,egyptian1 a ,g]man ^w w s]ve u z well = an example1 & = ! purposes ( our illu/ration1 z any o!r4 ,prelim9>y1 h[ev]1 x is necess>y to obs]ve1 t 9 ?is mode ( notation ! lead+ *>act]s & ess5tial elem5ts ( ! radical s\nd are alone indicat$2 su* v[els & consonants z are quiesc5t1 or s]vile1 are omitt$1 & be+ )\t any special signs are left to be m5tally suppli$4 ,to take1 !n1 a ,g]man ^w = our example4 ,! ^w ,leb5 7life7 w\ld be signifi$ by its ?ree pr9cipal *>act]s4 ,n[1 ! fir/ lett] w\ld be indicat$ by ,li*t 7a flam+ light71 because ?is ^w also beg9s ) ,l1 ,baum 7a tree7 w\ld /& = ,b1 :ile ,n w\ld be repres5t$ by any k9d ( ,nass 7fluid71 by a rapid wat]fall1 = in/ance1 or by a wav+ l9e1 z a type ( its mov+ & undulat+ surface4 ,a light1 !n1 a tree1 & an undulat+ surface1 w1 by means ( ! initial lett]s ( our ,g]man t]ms = !m 7,li*t1 ,baum1 ,nass71 /& = ! ^w ,leb51 i4e41 life4 ,n[1 f ?is example1 :i* ,i h purposely *os51 x w appe> t ?is hi]oglyphical mode ( notation & writ+1 :ile x 0 fundam5tally alphabetical1 _h1 nev]!less1 at ! same "t1 a symbolical significance4 ,= a light1 or light-giv+ flame1 ! tree ) its gr[?1 z well z ! fl[+ /ream ) its waves or ripples1 aptly express & typify ! intr9sic "* ( life1 ) its sev]al *>act]i/ics & elem5ts4 ,& x is ev5 ?is addition ( symbolical color+ & signification :i* 9 ! o!rwise equivocal1 &1 consequ5tly1 inconv5i5t1 repres5tation ( objects by an hi]oglyphical alphabet1 con/itutes ! peculi> difficulty1 b1 at ! same "t ! m5tal attraction ( ?is k9d ( writ+4 ,?is mode ( hi]oglyphical repres5tation is n1 h[ev]1 ! mo/ difficult to be und]/ood4 ,ano!r1 s f> z x has z yet be5 f\nd out1 & z progress has be5 made t[>d deciph]+ x1 appe>s to be f> m ab/ruse & enigmatical4 ,= to und]/& or to int]pret ! latt] 9 any degree1 x is almo/ indisp5sable to "k be=eh& :at is ! object indicat$ or int5d$4 ,9 ?is mode ( hi]oglyphical notation ! image ( an object is made to /& = any o!r ^: "n beg9s ) ! same lett]1 z ! ^w does t designates ! =m]4 ,?us1 to employ ! same in/ance z be=e1 ! picture ( a flam+ light w\ld by itself /& = ! ^w & idea ( life4 ,?is is1 if we may s say1 a bold play ) algebraic equations1 betwe5 enigmatical emblems1 :i* are at mo/ b imp]fectly indicat$1 & :i* no?+ b ! intellig5ce ( "o well v]s$ 9 ! sy/em c ev] hope to compreh5d4 ,any o!r1 ev5 ) ! greate/ pa9s1 w sc>cely be able to deciph] x ) any degree ( c]ta9ty4 ,& ?is leads me back aga9 to our =m] & /ill unsolv$ equation1 involv+ ! riddle ( human life1 & :i* ?is simile ( ! hi]oglyphics 0 int5d$ to help u to solve4 ,! hi]oglyphical mode ( writ+ is1 accord+ to ! explanation we h giv5 ( x1 a symbolical repres5tation by means ( ! initial lett]s ( words4 ,9 x & ?r\gh x ev5 t :i* is ! mo/ ord9>y & common assumes a my/ical "*1 & passes into ?is wond]ful1 imag9ative1 & emblematical sph]e4 ,n[ ! solution ( ?is g5]al problem lies ev5 9 ?is3 t ?is 7x7--?is incompreh5sible 7x7--z ! et]nal ,logos ( ! incomm5surable ,godhead1 became also 7a7 7t is to say1 took on ,him a human life & nature71 & is ev5 n[ fully & really su*4 ,= ?us ! beg9n+ & ! initial lett] ( ! :ole alphabet ( human exi/5ce1 :i* 0 s long want+1 al?\gh f ! v fir/ x 0 impli$ 9 & 0 ! f\ndation ( ! 7b71 0 giv5 anew to x by ,god4 ,& n[ ?is 7b71 & e o!r ( ! foll[+ lett]s1 c atta* !mselves 9 due ord] & connection1 be unit$ ) x & ev5 be equat$ to x1 & be+ ?us equaliz$1 inasmu* z xa1 x also becomes capable ( appreh5d+ ! o!rwise unatta9able 7x74 ,& at ! same "t x c be entirely set free1 at once & =ev]1 f ! re/lessly oppos+ & de/ructive 7-y72 s9ce ?is 7y71 z oppos$ to ! 7x71 is m]ely a negative quantity1 & z su* vani%es4 ,b h[ev] we may attempt by means ( ?is or any o!r sci5tific or figurative illu/rations to appreh5d or to express ! ineffable1 ! fact1 & above all1 a liv+ fai? 9 t great v]ity1 t ! div9e 7x7 has become a human 7a7--t ! et]nal ,logos actually & really took ^u ,him ! nature ( man1 & /ill reta9s x1 is ! po9t f :i* a new & high] life comm5ces4 ,x is ! r+ :i* holds toge!r ! :ole human family--! fir/ l9k 9 ! *a9 ( spiritual life1 to :i* all mu/ be ref]r$ & f :i* all is to proce$4 ,?us1 !n1 beg9n+ ) ! emblematical repres5tations ( ! f9e arts1 & develop+ ! idea ?r\gh sev]al o!r sph]es ( its manife/ation1 ,i h c>ri$ ! symbolical significance ( human life up to ! highe/ hi]oglyphic ( all exi/5ce4 ,& z 9 ! ?ree previ\s ,lectures ,i h consid]$ ! et]nal ,^w1 simply & pr9cipally 9 a sci5tific po9t ( view1 z ! fundam5tal law ( tru?1 x n[ rema9s = me to exhibit x z ! ^w :i* %all solve all difficulties 9 ! problem ( human exi/5ce1 & %all prove an un]r+ guide 9 ! conflict ( life & 9 all its mo/ important relations & p]plexities4 ,& to ?is subject ! ?ree la/ & conclud+ ,lectures w be devot$4 ,& 9 ^! we %all consid] all ?is 9 its ref]5ce to ! ext]nal & public life ( man 9 society & ! /ate4 ,= n only does x hold true ( ! high] pursuits & inmo/ be+ ( individuals1 b x has also a univ]sal application2 = ?is highe/ ( all hi]oglyphics1 :i* is ! beg9n+ ( a new life1 =ms also ! f\ndation ( ! /ate 9 its sacr$ "*4 ,& because ! application ( ,*ri/ian tru? & ( ! fundam5tal idea ( ,*ri/ianity is 9 g5]al s greatly mi/ak51 ,i h ?\ght x necess>y to rem\nt some:at high] 9 my inve/igations1 to draw f a deep] s\rce1 & to connect !m ) a high] pr9ciple1 9 ord] to arrive m /eadily & m c]ta9ly at ! result :i* ,i _h 9 view4 ,& ?is result may be ?us summ$ up3 ,! ,*ri/ian /ate is no?+ less ?an symbolical1 & ev5 !reby hi/orically sanctifi$--:]eas ! m]e polity ( nature or t ( reason1 :i*1 h[ev] arti/ical & consummate 9 its con/itution1 rema9s all ! :ile false & unsanctifi$1 is ei!r purely dynamical or else absolute4 ,9 human life & society !re are ?ree species ( p[]1 :i* possess a symbolical significance & a sacr$ "* z re/+ on a div9e f\ndation4 ,& ^! are p>5tal au?ority1 ! spiritual or prie/ly p[]1 & ! k+ly or :atev] may be ! supreme au?ority 9 ! /ate4 ,! affectionate c>e & anxiety ( an e>?ly p>5t possesses b a fa9t analogy to ! goodness & provid5ce ( ! omnisci5t & et]nal ,fa!r ( all1 & is sc>cely m ?an a type ( x4 ,moreov]1 ! p>5tal au?ority & a fa!r's rights ov] 8 *ildr51 f\nd$ on 8 relation z ! lov+ & affectionate au?or ( _! be+1 admits n ( be+ set =? & compris$ 9 any exact & positive =mul>ies4 ,& ev5 if ! social community occasionally /eps 9 to det]m9e by legislation ! limits1 & 9 c]ta9 po9ts gives its sanction to ! dome/ic rights & au?ority ( a fa!r1 z f\nd$ on love & feel+1 ?is is only done1 nev]!less1 ) a view to gu>d aga9/ & to rem$y ! possible abuse ( s natural a "r & relation4 ,:51 h[ev]1 z 0 ! pr9ciple ( ! old ,roman law1 p[] ov] ! life & dea? ( 8 (fspr+ is conc$$ to ! fa!r1 we feel at once t ?is is an undue ext5sion ( ! pat]nal au?ority1 & t ! prov9ces ( ! ?ree diff]5t p[]s are n kept duly di/9ct & sep>ate4 ,a p>5t :o %\ld avail himself ( su* a privilege w\ld b prove himself devoid ( ! ord9>y feel+s ( nature4 ,on ! o!r h&1 by a natural s5tim5t1 common to ! savage & b>b>ian1 z well z to ! mo/ ref9$ & civiliz$ nations1 respect = & rev]5ce ( p>5ts is held to be some?+ m ?an an ord9>y & conv5tional duty & obligation4 ,x is univ]sally reg>d$ 9 ! light ( a duty 9 e s5se sacr$ & holy4 ,& ! div9e moral law ( ! ,old ,te/am5t completely agrees ) ! univ]sal feel+ ( man's nature 9 ?is ascription to x ( hol9ess4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! rights ( ! ,*ri/ian limit ! p>5t's au?ority on ! side ( ! spiritual doma91 :]ev] x w\ld tr5* ^u ! fre$om ( belief & lib]ty ( consci5ce4 ,special circum/ances1 aga91 su* z ! dotage ( old age1 m5tal weakness1 faults ( "*1 or (f5ses aga9/ society1 may1 9 c]ta9 cases1 t5d greatly to limit & control1 or o!rwise modify1 ! p>5tal dignity & au?ority4 ,b /ill1 9 ! v wor/ case1 ! mo/ respectful behavior & ! t5d]e/ delicacy1 on all po9ts connect$ ) ?is relation%ip1 rema9s =ev] an immutable law ( duty to ! *ild1 :i*1 z x is deeply f\nd$ 9 ! moral s5se ( man1 makes itself he>d ?r\gh\t ! :ole habitable _w4 ,! mutual tie ( p>5tal love & filial duty has1 x is pla91 its f\ndations deep 9 nature itself1 & out ( x proce$s ! sanctity ( ! v notion ( dome/ic life1 & ( all its relations1 z well z ( ! peculi> au?ority ( a fa!r & a p>5t4 ,z = ! spiritual & prie/ly p[]3 :]ev] religion recognizes ! prie/ 9 8 true "*--i4e41 n simply z ! prea*] & promulgator1 b also z ! liv+ *annel = disp5s+ & communicat+ ! div9e grace1 he is1 9 s f> z 8 (fice is conc]n$1 & 9 ! dis*>ge ( 8 sac]dotal functions1 a viceg]5t ( ,god--n s mu*1 p]haps1 ( ! ev]la/+ ,fa!r1 ! ,creator & ,lawgiv] ( nature1 z ( ! ,son :o came d[n into ! _w to ransom & r$eem ! human race4 ,! prie/ly or spiritual p[]1 !re=e1 has a div9e f\ndation on :i* x ultimately re/s4 ,b inasmu* z t bond ( communion :i* unites our s\ls ) ,god mu/ be s\ght & atta9$ by fai? & 9 ! _s ( fai?1 s ?is au?ority1 h[ev] holy 9 itself1 is1 nev]!less1 by its v nature1 conf9$ to ! prov9ce ( spirituals4 ,! judicial function1 also1 :]e x is recogniz$ z dogmatic1 is at lea/ subord9ate to t o!r "* ^: (fice x is to c>ry out ! "w ( r$emption1 to disp5se ! div9e grace1 & to bless4 ,= an arbitr>y judicial p[]1 :]e int]nal caprice is ! rule ( judgm5t1 & :]e ! execution ( its decrees dep5ds on ! individual1 does n 9 /rict tru? des]ve ?is appellation4 ,) z mu* reason might ! ano9t$ head ( ! /ate claim1 by virtue ( ?is consecrat+ & ano9t+1 to ex]cise ! functions ( ! spiritual (fice4 ,fur!r1 we may obs]ve1 all ^! sacr$ (fices possess a c]ta9 analogy & aff9ity "o ) ! o!r4 ,?is fact1 h[ev]1 does n 9 any way militate aga9/ ! ess5tial & necess>y duty ( pres]v+ a precise & accurate sep>ation ( _! sev]al functions4 ,! privacy ( home1 ! family circle1 & ! relations ( dome/ic life1 are by ! laws ( mo/ nations reg>d$ z a sanctu>y :i* ! ext]nal p[] ( ! /ate ought n lightly & )\t grave necessity to violate or pr(ane4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 ord9>y language pat]nal titles are ascrib$ to ! o!r two p[]s4 ,b z reg>ds spiritual p]sonages1 ?is is a m]e m>k ( respect1 :ile1 z appli$ to ! head ( ! /ate1 x s]ves to indicate a special "* ( goodness & clem5cy 9 ! gov]nm5t4 ,x is n by any means applicable g5]ally to ! functions ( gov]nm5t z m>k+ its specific nature & ess5ce4 ,= x may n be1 nay1 p]haps1 we %\ld r say x c n 9 all cases be simply & purely pat]nal4 ,/rict imp>tiality1 = in/ance1 is a prim>y requisition 9 ! judge1 b is x possible1 nay1 w\ld x prop]ly be j1 to require ?is 9 e case ( a fa!r8 ,! judicial "*1 h[ev]1 is ! pr$om9ant elem5t ( political gov]nm5t1 & ! supreme judicial function is its ess5tial aspect1 ) :i* all ! o!r di/9ctive *>act]i/ics or exclusive pr]ogatives ( sov]eign p[] are mo/ intimately connect$4 ,& on ?is acc\nt1 :ile ! pat]nal au?ority re/s prim>ily on t tie ( s\ls :i* consi/s 9 ! reciprocal affection ( p>5ts & *ildr51 & :ile ! prie/ly p[] is limit$ to ! sac]dotal & spiritual doma91 ! supreme judicial & sov]eign p[] 9 ! /ate1 :i* is responsible to ,god alone1 z ! highe/ & p>am\nt ( ^! ?ree sacr$ & v5]at$ p[]s1 embraces ! complete :ole1 if ,i may s say1 ! bodily reality ( man's public life4 ,& 9 ?is sph]e ( hi/orical reality x w be my endeavor to trace ! fur!r developm5t ( ^! ?ree ideas z !y manife/ !mselves 9 ! busy conflict ( life & ! age4 ,& to ?is subject ,i propose to devote ! ?ree foll[+ ,lectures4 ,9 conclud+ our pres5t disquisition ,i w only add "o rem>k4 ,all ^! ?ree p[]s1 z f\nd$ on nature1 on div9e revelation1 & on hi/orical rights1 are alike holy & sacr$4 ,! good1 t is to say1 ! prud5t & affectionate fa!r1 ! pi\s prie/1 & ! righte\s k+1 are ea* & all1 ?\gh 9 diff]5t ways & degrees1 & ) diff]5t p[]s & rights1 visible & act+ viceg]5ts on e>? ( ! invisible ,god4 ,! la/1 9 tru?1 is n m]ely ! repres5tative b ! unlimit$ disp5s] ( div9e ju/ice4 ,& ?is div9e f\ndation ( ^! p[]s1 :i* claim & pres5t an inviolable "* ( sanctity1 =ms ! practical "p ( t symbolical signification ( life :i* 9 its highe/ phase has =m$ ! !me ( ! pres5t ,lecture4 ,,lecture ,,xiii4 ,,( ,,! ,,_s ,,( ,,tru? ,,& ,,life ,,9 ,,its ,,application ,,to ,,politics1 ,,or ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,con/itution ,,( ,,! ,,/ate ,,& ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,idea ,,( ,,jurisprud5ce4 ,! ,asiatic cu/om ( deify+ _! e>?ly rul]s by address+ !m z ,k+ ( ,k+s1 ,"l or ,spann] ,umspann] ( ,creation1 ! ,effulg5ce ( ! ,deity1 & ! l1 h ev] be5 & v naturally mo/ repugnant to ! moral s5se ( ,*ri/ian ,europe4 ,! ,*ri/ian notion & axiom1 t all p[] is ( ,god1 is f\nd$ on a v def9ite idea & well-consid]$ pr9ciple4 ,& ?is pr9ciple is no?+ less ?an ?is1 t ! supreme head ( ! /ate has to disp5se ! div9e ju/ice4 ,& :ile ?is con/itutes ! peculi> dignity ( 8 (fice1 he is1 9 ! ex]cise ( ?is 8 highe/ function & au?ority1 responsible to ,god alone4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we %\ld any :]e meet1 ei!r 9 ! pres5t times or ! hi/ory ( ! pa/1 ) a /ate 9 :i*1 by ! pr9ciple ( its con/itutions1 ! nom9al possessor ( supreme au?ority & ! executive is responsible to ano!r body1 !n is ! latt] 9 fact ! sov]eign p[]1 & n ! =m]1 :i* really is subord9ate to ! o!r4 ,! ,sp>tan con/itution w s]ve to illu/rate my mean+4 ,"h1 to judge by t /rict def9ition ( ! sov]eign au?ority & its peculi> "* & di/9ctive crit]ia1 x evid5tly lay 9 ! ,ephori r ?an 9 ! possessors ( supreme executive p[]1 :o 7 call$ k+s1 & ^: (fice 0 h]$it>y4 ,! v fact t two k+s reign$ conjo9tly is ( itself subv]sive ( ! v notion ( sov]eign p[]4 ,b /ill m fatally 0 ?is und]m9$ by _! responsibility 9 c]ta9 cases to ! c5sor%ip ( ! o!r ,sp>tan magi/racy4 ,to ! o!r anci5t republics1 ^: con/itution 0 bas$ naturally en\gh on a v artificial division ( p[]s1 & ! ma9t5ance ( a c]ta9 antagonism & accurate balance betwe5 !m1 our notion ( a supreme & sov]eign political au?ority is sc>cely applicable4 ,x is f\nd f> m fully express$ 9 a special "* ( inviolable sanctity & dignity atta*+ to c]ta9 judicial functions & magi/racies1 su* z t ( ! ,areopagus 9 ,a!ns & ( ! c5sor%ip at ,rome 9 ! days ( ! ,republic1 ?an to ! transitory t5ure ( ! executive p[]1 ov] :i* ^? judicial au?orities possess$ & ex]cis$ 9 c]ta9 cases a control4 ,! prop] & de facto1 or p]sonal division ( p[]1 is ess5tially a republican pr9ciple4 ,9 notion1 h[ev]1 or 9 idea1 x is p]fectly legitimate to make a di/9ction betwe5 ! sev]al functions & elem5ts ( ! :ole sov]eign au?ority4 ,n[1 9 su* a case1 ! judicial p[]--! supreme judicial p[] we w\ld emphatically say--is pre-em95tly ! *>act]i/ic sign & specific di/9ction ( sov]eignty1 f :i* all its o!r pr]ogatives & prop]ties are orig9ally d]iv$ or fl[ f x z its necess>y & natural consequ5ces4 ,! noble pr]ogative ( p>don & m]cy1 = in/ance1 is1 z x 71 ! natural attribute ( ! supreme judicial p[]4 ,) respect to legislation1 h[ev]1 & ! legislative au?ority1 an important co-ord9ate p[] may1 accord+ to ! exi/+ con/itution ( a p>ticul> /ate1 be ve/$ 9 ! o!r correlative memb]s ( ! body politic4 ,! prelim9>y delib]ation1 ! fir/ sket* or ! initiation ( a law1 may n1 p]haps1 proce$ 9 e case f ! supreme head ( ! community4 ,9 o!r /ates1 aga91 ! law mu/ emanate f ! free *oice & individual w ( ! mon>*1 or at lea/ ! introduction ( x1 s9ce he c n ( himself alone make & c>ry out ! :ole4 ,?is is a po9t1 consequ5tly1 on :i* x is extremely difficult to draw ! b\nd>y l9e1 :i* mu/ 9 no case be transgress$ or deviat$ f--9 s f>1 t is1 & s long z !re is no "q ab\t any ?+ m ?an a simple co-op]ation or co-ord9ate delib]ation ^u ! propos$ laws4 ,b /ill 9 e case ! f9al sanction1 by :i* a law becomes prop]ly ! law1 or by :i* x is annull$ or repeal$1 mu/ be res]v$ to ! royal pr]ogative1 o!rwise ! mon>* ceases at once to be supreme4 ,ev5 ! pr]ogative ( proclaim+ w> & ( conclud+ peace is1 if p]haps we may be all[$ s to say1 a judicial function on a l>ge scale1 & appli$ to ! ext]nal relations ( /ates4 ,x is1 9 %ort1 no?+ less ?an a judicial act4 ,& 9 ?is light x w appe> to e "o :o does n reg>d x z a m]e act ( arbitr>y caprice4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 x nev] ought to be4 ,= x is1 z x 71 a v]dict on ! exi/+ relations ( "r & wrong betwe5 two neighbor+ /ates4 ,b 9 z mu* z bo? p>ties1 9 po9t ( "r & law1 are 9 s f> equal1 t !y refuse to recognize 9 common any high] judge1 an absolute /ate ( viol5ce necess>ily ensues1 a /ruggle ( p[] foll[s1 until at la/1 9 ! *ange ( circum/ances1 ! relations ( ju/ice are re/or$ by mutual cons5t4 ,! p>ty t fir/ proclaims w> becomes1 9 ?is process ( trial by battle1 ! judge ( its own cause4 ,& if by ! fe>ful issue ( ! combat x is taught to see its own inju/ice1 !n mu/ x ei!r make due concessions1 or1 at v be/1 by call+ 9 ! m$iation ( a ?ird & neutral /ate1 x mu/ con/itute x ! judge by ^: decision x is ready & will+ to abide4 ,! usual insignia ( ! k+ly dignity1 ! scept] & ! ?rone1 are only ! signs ( judicial p[]1 z x 71 promot$ "o degree high]1 & c be hi/orically trac$ up to ! judge's b5* & /aff4 ,! cr[n alone rema9s z ! peculi> & exclusive symbol ( ! highe/ e>?ly dignity4 ,& rightly is x call$ a spl5did burd54 ,= :ile x exalts him :o is call$ to we> x above all e>?ly dep5d5ce & responsibility1 & exempts him f all ! ord9>y relations ( human life1 ! heavy weight ( ?is spl5did ornam5t rem9ds ! we>] ( ! grave reckon+ & ! /rict acc\nt he w h to r5d] to ,god1 z ! ,supreme ,judge ( all--:o is ! s\rce & sum ( all ju/ice & righte\sness4 ,= ?is s]i\s & solemn responsibility is receiv$ f ,god1 toge!r & at ! v same "t ) ! cr[n4 ,q diff]5t 9 signification 0 ! symbolical ensign ( ! old emp]ors 9 ! middle ages--a sword po9t+ to ! f\r w9ds or c>d9al po9ts ( heav54 ,x allud$ to ! peculi> idea & ! peculi> con/itution ( t dignity4 ,= 9 ?is respect x 0 n simply a di/9ction ( p[]1 ( rank1 or ( title1 betwe5 ! imp]ial & ! k+ly dignities4 ,x involv$ a total & ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 ! ideas & objects ( ^! sacr$ & ano9t$ pot5tates--betwe5 ! elective emp]or & ! h]$it>y k+1 duke1 or pr9ce1 al?\gh x 0 f ^! alone t ! =m] c\ld be duly & regul>ly elect$4 ,= ! emp]or 0 look$ ^u z arm$ ) ! sword ( all ,*ri/5dom to be ! def5d] ( ! :ole sy/em ( ,european /ates4 ,accord+ly1 z ! repres5tative ( ! union ( sev]al /ates1 he bore ?is ensign ( 8 imp]ial (fice4 ,to ?is anci5t idea ( a ,*ri/ian empire we %all aga9 h occasion to rev]t 9 ! fur!r exam9ation ( ! idea ( a political /ate & its ,*ri/ian community4 ,we %all meet ) x once m 9 t section ( our inquiry :i* w be occupi$ ) ! rul+ pr9ciple ( "r & polity 9 a sy/em ( /ates z a body1 & also 9 ! mutual relations ( its sev]al memb]s4 ,9 ?is section we %all also %[ t ?is pr9ciple mu/ be ei!r absolute1 t is1 "o :]e "o or m ( ! sev]al memb]s ( ! union ex]cises a sup]ior & prepond]at+ influ5ce1 or "o artificially con/itut$ & dynamical1 i4e41 a sy/em ( ! s-call$ balance ( p[]4 ,& "h w naturally arise ! "q :e!r1 = su* a conf$]acy ( moral & civiliz$ societies & nations1 a less imp]fect & high]1 b common pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ian ju/ice might n be f\nd & e/abli%$8 ,= any sy/em ( mutual conf$]ation1 :e!r absolute or f\nd$ on ! artificial relations ( ! /r5g? ( its respective memb]s1 is 9 any case defective & imp]fect1 :atev] may be ! gr\nd ( union1 :e!r f\nd$ on ! int]nal con/itution ( ! /ates1 or d]iv$ f ! physical consid]ation ( _! geographical position & neighborhood4 ,accord+1 !n1 to t div9e pr9ciple & ,*ri/ian f\ndation ( ! /ate :i* ,i h attempt$ to d]ive f ! symbolical signification ( life & ! symbolical de/9y ( man 9 8 relation to ,god1 ! highe/ au?ority ( ! /ate--! k+1 or g5]ally ! mon>*1 z well z ! spiritual function>y1 or ! prie/--are ! viceg]5ts ( a highe/ & div9e p[]1 :om !y repres5t on e>?4 ,! only diff]5ce betwe5 !m is1 t ! latt] has *iefly to repres5t & to set =? ,god z tea*+ m51 b at ! same "t z w>n+ & comm&+ !m 9 ?is revelation ( ,8 w1 & z promis+ & z liv+ly disp5s+ to !m ,8 grace1 :ile ! =m] is ! repres5tative ( ! ,omnipot5t ,lawgiv] & ,judge1 :o gov]ns ! _w ) ju/ice1 & w by no means cle> ! guilty4 ,accord+1 !re=e1 to ! true ,*ri/ian notion ( ^! two p[]s1 bo? ( !m--! civil no less ?an ! spiritual--possess a repres5tative "*1 :i*1 h[ev]1 deviates v widely f ! ord9>y notion ( ! repres5tation & a repres5tative con/itution1 or1 r1 =ms a decid$ contra/ to !m4 ,& :at contra/ c1 9 fact1 be m decid$ ?an t :i* su* a repres5tative p[] & dignity z belongs to ! m9i/]+ ( ! div9e grace to ! s\l & _s1 or ! disp5s+ ( div9e ju/ice to ! :ole e>?ly life1 =ms ) t ?+ ( horrible memory1#ec :i* has be5 call$ a repres5tation ( ! p1 or ! sy/ems :i* h be5 simil>ly designat$8 ,b ev5 if x c\ld be satisfactorily prov$ t a p1 l ! invisible ess5ce ( ! ,deity1 c\ld be repres5t$1 x is op5 to v grave d\bt :e!r ?is is really possible 9 ! me?od usually adopt$4 ,accord+ to ! pr9ciple ( ?is k9d ( popul> repres5tation1 :]e ! :ole adult population are entitl$ individually to vote1 ! election becomes1 z x 71 a lott]y1 & ev5 ! political w9n]s ?us det]m9$1 or ! ballott$ memb]s1 become s _m influ5tial units 9 "o bran* ( ! legislative body & = a limit$ p]iod4 ,9 respect1 h[ev]1 to ! pr9ciples & s5tim5ts1 ! pr$om9ant "* & _s ( a p1 ^? :o are ?us *os5 are ! repres5tatives n s mu* ( ! :ole nation z ( ! reign+ passion ( ! mom5t1 or ! _s ( ! times 9 its re/less agitation4 ,= :5 ?us resolv$ into its con/itu5t atoms & numb]$ (f 9 succession1 a nation is r$uc$ to an elem5t>y mass4 ,b l all t is ?us elem5t>y1 :5 ?us decompos$1 & f]m5t+ 9 its process ( dissolution1 x assumes a de/ructive t5d5cy & turn4 ,at lea/ x ceases to =m an organic :ole1 an individual4 ,x is only :5 a /ate or a nation hi/orically lives on1 fur!r develops & vitally ma9ta9s itself 9 its organic memb]s1 i4e41 9 its sev]al e/ates or ess5tial corporations1 t x c be said to =m a liv+ :ole1 & to be1 z x 71 "o great individual4 ,x is only 9 ?is s5se t !re c be true repres5tatives ( a p1 :o1 if ! expression is all[able1 are its true hi/orical m54 ,x is 9 !m t ! _s & "*1 ! g5]al lean+ t5d5cy1 ! peculi> /yle ( feel+1 s5tim5t1 & ?\ght ( a nation1 9 any def9ite p]iod or p]iods1 f9ds its mo/ decid$ & l\de/ expression4 ,r>ely1 h[ev]1 is ?is atta9$ 9 a sy/em ( elective deputies or repres5tatives1 :i* is liable to _m pass+ & accid5tal influ5ces1 &1 inde$1 9 & by itself has no connection ) x4 ,scipio & ,cato w\ld be repres5tatives ( ! ,roman "* & _s1 ev5 if !y _h nev] be5 inve/$ ) public au?ority & _h liv$ _! :ole lives 9 exile4 ,& 9 ! same mann] purely intellectual natures may (t5 /& = su* hi/orical *>act]s & repres5tatives4 ,horace & ,tacitus mo/ assur$ly occupy ! same relation to _! respective ages z ! two =m] did to !irs1 & ?is1 9 tru?1 q indep5d5tly ( any subord9ate rank or political dignity & influ5ce :i* ei!r ! "o or ! o!r possess$ 9 peace or w>4 ,cic]o1 inde$1 w\ld h be5 all ?is 9 an equal degree1 &1 p]haps1 /ill m s1 if1 keep+ entirely alo( f ! civil cont5tions ( 8 day1 = :i* he 0 little suit$1 he _h devot$ himself to ! acquisition ( a purely intellectual & lit]>y influ5ce4 ,h[ev]1 x is n e fam\s au?or or e brilliant political speak] t c 9 ?is s5se be ju/ly reg>d$ z hi/orical *>act]s4 ,besides t en]gy ( tal5t :i* creates an epo*1 & :i* is1 inde$1 ! prim>y & ess5tial condition1 c]ta9 o!r prop]ties ( "* are requir$1 c]ta9 s5tim5ts & pr9ciples vividly c>ri$ out & realiz$ 9 life & action4 ,b ?is is a comb9ation :i* is r>ely f\nd4 ,a peculi> sph]e ( practical influ5ce does n =m an imm$iate1 nor1 inde$1 a necess>y qualification ( su* a "*4 ,/ill x is evid5t t a writ] :o truly m]its su* an appellation mu/ be some?+ m ?an a m]e man ( lett]s or an arti/4 ,! effects he produces on ! m9ds ( m5 mu/ be bo? truly national & hi/orical4 ,su* alone are truly & prop]ly ! hi/orical repres5tatives ( a p--! m5 ( _! nation4 ,z = ^? o!r elective repres5tatives already m5tion$1 x is only :5 !y belong to a p>ticul> e/ate & corporation1 & repres5t x1 t !y c promote ! p]man5t int]e/s ( ?is organically con/itut$ :ole4 ,= x is out ( su* organic memb]s t ! national exi/5ce ga9s its true1 i4e41 its hi/orical developm5t4 ,b ?is is impossible :5ev] !y are *os5 by ! individual votes ( ! entire population4 ,su* a splitt+ ( ! :ole political body1 z x 71 into its con/itu5t atoms1 is ei!r 9 itself an elem5t>y decomposition or mu/ ev5tually lead to x4 ,ev5 a republican con/itution1 if x be well & wisely ord]$1 w be bas$ pr9cipally on corporations or organic division ( e/ates1 r ?an on any pr9ciple ( num]ical majority & equality1 :i*1 tak5 z a g5]al elem5t1 inv>iably proves1 z hi/ory te/ifies1 soon] or lat]1 a positive s\rce ( an>*y4 ,n only w\ld x be an exagg]ation1 b ev5 a gross error1 7 we to reg>d ! republican polity z exclud$ f ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple1 t all sov]eignty is ( ,god1 or z irreconcilable ) x & ev5 z directly contradict+ its _s4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! duty ( ob$i5ce & ! actual dep5d5ce on ! exi/+ & de facto head ( ! /ate1 is n less b9d+ on all :o1 ?r\gh ! accid5t ( bir? or _! own free *oice & volunt>y obligation1 belong to su* a community1 ?an on ! subjects ( an h]$it>y mon>*y4 ,! utmo/ t c be safely ass]t$ is1 t ! ,*ri/ian /ate pr9cipally incl9es to ! latt] =m ( polity1 )\t1 h[ev]1 =mally reject+1 or unconditionally exclud+ ! =m]4 ,hi/orical exp]i5ce has %[n ?is1 & ! :ole ( mod]n hi/ory w furni% abundant te/imony to its tru?4 ,:5 ! responsibility ( ! supreme political au?ority is 9 an endless circle %ift$ f po9t to po9t ( a m]e human sph]e1 !n ! sacr$ "* ( ! div9e f\ndation ( ! /ate exhibits itself ) lea/ di/9ctness4 ,x is m imm$iately manife/ 9 an h]$it>y mon>*y1 :]e1 by a s+le po9t1 z ! fir/ l9k :i* holds toge!r ! :ole community1 ?is responsibility is atta*$ imm$iately to ,god & ! div9e ju/ice1 be=e ^: tribunal x has alone to answ]4 ,& ?is m imm$iate manife/ation =ms ! gr\nd ( t prepond]at+ t5d5cy & pref]5ce ( ! mon>*ical con/itution by ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple4 ,b 9 ano!r respect1 also1 is x easi] to give a religi\s mean+ to political life 9 an h]$it>y mon>*y1 & to dis*>ge its duties & to ma9ta9 x 9 a religi\s _s1 ?an 9 a republic4 ,s9ce all t is human is subject to *ange1 fluctuation1 & imp]fection1 x w\ld be some?+ wond]ful if ! case 7 diff]5t ) political matt]s1 & if ! /ate 7 to =m a s+ul> exception f ! g5]al rule4 ,su* an expectation w\ld1 inde$1 be /range1 & contr>y to ! nature ( ?+s1 z well z to reason & common s5se4 ,=1 to take an in/ance f t p :om ,god s specially & imm$iately l$ & direct$2 aft] a wise ,solomon has long & peacefully occupi$ ! ?rone1 ) prosp]ity at home & spl5dor & r5[n abroad1 ! re9s ( gov]nm5t may fall into ! weak h&s ( a m9or1 :51 ev5 )\t any p]sonal culpability1 all ho/ile elem5ts come to an outbreak1 & lead to ! mo/ fe>ful political consequ5ces4 ,& ev5 ,solomon1 ) a wisdom :i*1 9 _m respects1 0 m ?an human1 0 n secure f all mi/akes & errors4 ,= inasmu* z1 aft] receiv+ ?is illum9ation f above1 ?is wisdom l5t to him f ,god1 he /ill rema9$ a free ag5t1 he might1 z he actually did1 p]v]t x to an evil use4 ,l e ?+ else t is good1 x 0 liable to abuse by man4 ,g5]ally x does n lie 9 ! nature ( ?+s t 9 long succession & *ange ( times "o reign %\ld be equally mild & pat]nal z ano!r--equally prosp]\s & spl5did--& equally wise & successful4 ,?is1 inde$1 is a matt] :i* does n dep5d inv>iably & exclusively on ! p]sonal qualities ( ! sov]eign4 ,x is gov]n$ mu* m by ! peculi> circum/ances ( ! age1 & ! g5]al relations ( ! political _w4 ,we %\ld err greatly if we 7 to suppose1 or feel incl9$ to ass]t1 t ?is *ange1 f happy & prosp]\s to adv]se or less =tunate times1 is less frequ5t 9 republican /ates1 or t ! latt] are entirely exempt$ f su* fluctuations4 ,hi/ory furni%es num]\s in/ances to refute s absurd an idea4 ,on ! contr>y1 su* *anges are f> m g5]ally ! rule 9 republican /ates1 & _! ru9 advances ) a m rapid & c]ta9 progress4 ,= ! gr[? ( a republic 9 ext]nal p[] & influ5ce1 & ! consequ5t multiplication ( its relations ) =eign p[]s1 is inv>iably accompani$ ) great int]nal agitation1 lead+ to sudd5 & viol5t *anges4 ,! greate/ & mo/ important diff]5ce1 h[ev]1 lies 9 ?is1 t 9 an h]$it>y mon>*y ! *ange f a di/+ui%$ to an un=tunate & less prosp]\s reign is di/9ct1 & has an assignable cause1 :i*1 by a natural & j s5tim5t1 is receiv$ z a div9e visitation1 & :]ev] any s5se ( religion /ill survives & prevails 9 m5's views ( life1 w be pati5tly endur$ z su*4 ,accord+ly1 besides its m]e legal s5se1 ! maxim t all au?ority is ( ,god n[ assumes ! fur!r significance ( a div9e disp5sation4 ,& x is cle>ly manife/ t ?is ,*ri/ian maxim & pr9ciple 0 int5d$ to convey ?is second mean+1 & t x embraces su* a religi\s view & e/imate ( political matt]s & ev5ts4 ,n[1 x is true t ! provid5ce ( ,god ext5ds to all ev5ts & circum/ances ( ! _w4 ,e p]mission1 !re=e1 ( evil1 :e!r 9 a great] or less degree1 e mis=tune & calamity t happ5s to u1 mu/1 f ?is po9t ( view1 be reg>d$ ei!r z a well-m]it$ puni%m5t or z a sev]e trial1 z a :olesome pang & conflict or z a pa9ful transition to a high] degree ( p]fection4 ,?is1 at lea/1 w be our feel+1 9 proportion z we ent]ta9 & fai?fully foll[ a religi\s view & e/imate ( our own life & =tunes1 z well z ( all mundane ev5ts1 9 a firm & un%ak5 fai? 9 ! ,div9e ,omnipot5ce & ,wisdom4 ,ev5 = ! pres]vation & heal? ( 8 physical life1 man /&s 9 ne$ ( pa9 & privation1 b /ill m s = 8 moral improvem5t4 ,n[1 not)/&+ t ?is pr9ciple ( a div9e provid5ce is equally applicable 9 e case1 /ill1 ev5 ! religi\s e/imate1 n to say a simply human mode ( judg+ ( political ev5ts & relations1 is 9 republics subject to ! foll[+ important & ess5tial modification4 ,9 su* a con/itution1 all hangs1 or is made dep5d5t1 on ! *oice or ! caprice ( m51 or1 if su* t]ms be pref]r$1 _! m]it & intellig5ce4 ,consequ5tly1 ! entire blame ( e error or misc>riage 9 gov]nm5t1 :e!r real or imag9>y1 & h[ev] great or little1 is =?) ascrib$ to its human adm9i/rators4 ,b an injury at ! h&s ( man inv>iably provokes bitt]ness1 rev5ge1 & opposition4 ,on ! contr>y1 a mis=tune :i* ov]takes u f ,god1 & :i*1 z be+ unable to impute ! blame ( x to any human individual1 we feel & recognize to be a div9e visitation1 awak5s 9 u :olesome & salut>y reflection4 ,?us x is f\nd$ on ! v nature ( ?+s1 & on a "r & s\nd /ate ( human feel+1 t a *ange f a ye> ( pl5ty to "o ( want & b>r5ness %\ld be borne ) pati5ce & resignation4 ,b if1 on ! o!r h&1 a g5]al sc>city & de>?1 or any simil> affliction & disproportion betwe5 ! supply & dem& ( ! necess>ies ( life1 %\ld occur among a trad+ or manufactur+ population1 ( :i* ! s\rce %\ld really or app>5tly lie 9 "s errone\s measure or selfi% policy ( ^? on :om ! adm9i/ration ( ! /ate devolv$1 all m9ds w\ld imm$iately be 9 a /ate ( excitem5t & upro>4 ,&1 9 fact1 ! words ( ! pi\s k+ 9 ,holy ,writ3 8,let u fall n[ into ! h&s ( ! ,"l1 = ,8 m]cies are great3 & let me n fall into ! h& ( man10#ed are q 9 unison ) ! g5]al feel+s ( human nature4 ,accord+ly1 ?r\gh\t ! sacr$ hi/ory ( ! old _w1 & 9 all times :]e religi\s s5tim5t is n q dead1 su* calamities1 & ev5 an un=tunate1 n to say a wick$ reign1 are look$ ^u z ! des]v$ visitation ( ,god's wra?1 & z a "t ( heavy trial4 ,& ! *a/isem5t ( ,heav5 w be borne1 by all "r-?9k+ p]sons1 n out ( fe> ( man1 b z is fitt+1 9 rev]5t submission to ! div9e w1 ) manly pati5ce & resignation4 ,on ! o!r h&1 innum]able in/ances ( a contr>y c\rse might be produc$ f republican times & hi/ories4 ,h[ (t51 9 su* /ates1 has a false /ep 9 gov]nm5t1 trifl+1 inde$1 9 itself1 b /ill 9 fact & 9 tru?1 a blund] 9 "o p>ty1 be5 ! occasion ( an opposition & resi/ance ( ano!r1 & ( a g5]al feel+ ( discont5t & a viol5t reaction1 :i* h prov$ a hundr$ times m fatal & p]nici\s ?an ! fir/ occasion ( popul> murmurs4 ,h[ (t5 has a m]ely human ov]sight1 trivial en\gh 9 itself1 & runn+ c\nt] to public op9ion 9 "s little trifle1 l$ to ! mo/ fe>ful cata/rophes1 amid :i* ! fir/ excit+ cause is lo/ sight ( & entirely =gott51 & f9ally all is involv$ 9 "o g5]al ru94 ,9 ?is respect1 & 9 ?is degree1 x may safely be affirm$ t ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( ! /ate is m favorable to an h]$it>y mon>*y ?an to a republican con/itution4 ,b at ?is po9t ! proposition mu/ be left purposely indet]m9ate4 ,= a rigor\s exclusion ( all republican /ates1 z if1 prop]ly1 !y c\ld nev] be "r & legitimate1 w\ld mo/ assur$ly n be accordant ) ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( a /ate & ! fundam5tal religi\s conception ( all political relations & ev5ts4 ,on ! contr>y1 x w\ld1 und\bt$ly1 g directly c\nt] to all prop] feel+s & ideas on ! subject4 ,= ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( ju/ice respects all t has an hi/orical exi/5ce1 & leaves ev5 ! imp]fect 9 ! undi/urb$ possession ( its rights4 ,9 ?is respect x is entirely oppos$ to ! revolution>y _s4 ,= ! latt]1 9 its inmo/ ess5ce1 is anti-hi/orical2 its fir/ /ep be+ ! refusal to recognize ! value & ! claims ( all t comes d[n f1 & has be5 e/abli%$ by1 ! pa/4 ,&1 moreov]1 ! ,*ri/ian idea ( ju/ice1 ) all its /rict rigor1 involves a pr9ciple ( equity4 ,=1 9 tru?1 e ,*ri/ian s5tim5t embraces ! :ole ( life1 & its sev]al relations1 ) a lov+ mildness1 & pays a due reg>d to all really exi/5t ?\gh subord9ate circum/ances4 ,& x is ?is exactly t con/itutes ! v notion ( equity4 ,la/ly1 ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/ianity1 & ! idea ( human life :i* x gives rise to1 is highly favorable to true lib]ty4 ,b1 !n1 x is lib]ty1 9 a l>ge & exalt$ s5se ( ! t]m1 9 :i*1 fir/ & be=e all1 a spiritual & moral fre$om is meant z necess>y to be firmly e/abli%$ )9 m5 be=e ! ext]nal lib]ty 9 social & political life c be hop$ =4 ,= mo/ true is ! sublime decl>ation1 8,if ! ,son %all make y free1 ye %all be free inde$40#ee ,to e "o = :om ?is s5tim5t possesses a mean+ & significance x w\ld be sup]flu\s to add1 :at1 inde$1 is s palpably evid5t1 t ! ,son makes no "o free except 9 ! way t ,he ,himself 01 viz41 by ob$i5ce--a p]fect ob$i5ce :i* br+s ! :ole man1 ) all its passions & affections1 z a free-w (f]+ to ! ,fa!r4 ,! pr$om9ant t5d5cy ( mod]n ,*ri/5dom to a mon>*ical con/itution1 z mo/ accordant ) ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( ! /ate1 is abundantly ev9c$ 9 hi/ory4 ,! fact is s g5]ally admitt$1 t x is almo/ a "w ( sup]]ogation to adduce in/ances ( x4 ,n only )9 ! memory ( liv+ m51 b also two c5turies ago1 a great ,*ri/ian mon>*y1 fanatically possess$ & inflam$ ) ! idea ( absolute lib]ty & equality1 laps$ = a :ile into a republic4 ,b 9 bo? cases ?is pass+ fev] ( fanaticism soon work$ itself out by its v viol5ce1 & ! =eign & diseas$ matt] 0 ?r[n (f by ! political body4 ,x 0 out ( ?is crisis1 h[ev]1 t ! mu*-laud$ con/itution ( ,engl& arose1 ) its dynamical !ory ( ! division & nicely-adju/$ balance ( p[]1 :i* has rea*$ at pres5t s great a height ( practical excell5ce4 ,moreov]1 x is almo/ sup]flu\s to notice ! fact h[ a second-rate m>itime p[]1 :i* 9 its v orig9 0 entirely republican1 gradually approximat$ to1 & has at la/ entirely adopt$1 a mon>*ical polity4#ef ,ano!r /ate1 mon>*ical inde$1 b :i*1 f ! fact t its sov]eigns 7 elective1 des]ves r to be call$ a republic1 & 9 "s respects 0 really s1 amid ! an>*y ( p>ty & ! feuds :i* arose out ( ! elections1 soon lo/ its anci5t greatness & spl5dor1 & ev5 its exi/5ce z an indep5d5t nation4 ,9 %ort1 9 ! :ole ( ,*ri/ian ,europe1 b a few small & un9flu5tial communities h reta9$ a republican =m4 ,z = ! republics :i* h sprung up out ( ! colonial /ates 9 ! ,new ,_w1 ! v olde/ ( !m are ( too rec5t an orig9 to all[ u to pass ^u !m any judgm5t :i* c\ld be ju/ly & truly call$ hi/orical4 ,on ! o!r h&1 h[ev]1 ! mod]n ,*ri/ian era furni%es "o rem>kable ph5om5on ( a republican /ate on a l>ge scale1 & ( a :olly peculi> k9d4 ,& we may adduce ?is in/ance z a pro( t su* a con/itution is by no means exclud$ f ! _s ( a ,*ri/ian polity or its legitimate & hi/orical pr9ciple4 ,i am allud+ to ! anci5t ,g]man1 or ! ,*ri/ian ,roman ,empire ( ! middle ages1 dur+ a p]iod ( _m c5turies1 & 9 ! "t ( its vigor & spl5dor1 :5 x l$1 n to say1 =m$1 ! great political _w4#eg ,z an elective empire1 b /ill mon>*ical 9 ! unity ( ! :ole1 x possess$ s f> a republican t5d5cy & %ape4 ,& ?is x pres]v$ ev5 long aft]w>d1 :51 by a long succession ( emp]ors ( ! same h\se1 ! imp]ial cr[n _h 9 fact become almo/ ! h]$it>y "r ( a s+le family2 = ! solemn sanction ( an election 0 /ill indisp5sable1 & ?is gave rise to m ?an "o exception or int]ruption to ! o!rwise hi/orically confirm$ law ( succession4 ,moreov]1 ?is great sy/em or conf$]ation ( /ates embrac$ _m small] & pr9cipally republican /ates2 at lea/ 9 its memb]s 7 compris$ e possible =m ( political con/itution4 ,! f\r great duk$oms1 :o 9 ! imp]ial diet 7 ! orig9al repres5tatives1 toge!r ) ! o!r h]$it>y p[]s :i* subsequ5tly atta9$ to ! electoral dignity1 =m$1 z x 71 ! mon>*ical elem5t 9 ! :ole body1 reta9+1 h[ev]1 at ! same "t1 its national & popul> "*4 ,alongside ( ^! ! spiritual pr9ces1 z entirely dep5d5t on *oice & election = _! dignities1 =m$ an ari/ocracy1 n only ( bir?1 b ( sci5ce & ! intellectual culture ( ! age--9 %ort1 an ari/ocracy ( m]it4 ,la/ly1 ! trad+ & manufactur+ free t[ns1 ) _! imp]ial privileges & *>t]s1 =m$1 among ! o!r memb]s ( ! ,empire1 a true democratical elem5t1 9 ! highe/ & noble/ s5se ( ! t]m4 ,= we mu/ n und]/& !reby any m]e univ]sal equality1 lead+ to ! usual popul> an>*y1 b corporations1 ) well-def9$ rights1 ( ! burgh] classes1 z !y atta9$ to hi/orical importance & influ5ce4 ,! v "n ( ! ,hanse ,t[ns is suffici5t to rem9d u ( ! va/ & important "p :i* ! latt] play$1 ev5 9 ! decl9+ times ( ! ,empire4 ,?us free & republican 9 its _s 0 ! old ,*ri/ian mon>*y ( ! ,g]man ,kais]s4 ,x _h no d\bt to und]go _m convulsions f dome/ic faction1 &1 f9ally sunk b5ea? !m4 ,/ill ?is political con/itution ( ! middle ages1 9 _! be/ days1 mu/ =ev] rema9 a rem>kable & s+ul> ph5om5on4 ,its full & deep significance & gr&eur are little recogniz$1 & /ill less p]fectly und]/ood1 by ! mod]n sci5ce ( politics4 ,peculi>ly ,*ri/ian 9 pr9ciple1 9 its k+ly adm9i/ration z vigor\s & successful z any o!r /ate 9 ! mo/ brilliant eras ( ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 :ile 9 ! int]nal developm5t ( its republican memb]s & con/itu5ts x 0 m ri* & v>i$1 &1 9 tru?1 mu* fre] ?an ev5 ! mo/ laud$ among ! mix$ con/itutions ( mod]n times4 ,= hi/orical exp]i5ce1 t great tea*] ( political sci5ce1 di/9ctly proves t 9 ^? dynamical /ates1 :i* are bas$ on ! pr9ciple ( ! division & nicely-adju/$ balance ( p[]1 ! m9i/ry & ! opposition usurp betwe5 !m all ! functions ( au?ority1 :ile ! sacr$ ciph] ( an h]$it>y mon>* is no?+ m ?an a m]e %ad[1 b5ea? :i* !y c sit at ease to c>ry on _! endless disputes4 ,! ,*ri/ian view1 !n1 ( ! _w1 & ( ! /ate1 z we h already rem>k$1 does n exclude or reject any =m ( political exi/5ce4 ,on ! contr>y1 x recognizes :atev] possesses an hi/orical cause & f\ndation1 & all[s x to /& 9 its prop] place1 & 9 its true & orig9al significance & rights4 ,accord+ly1 x admits ! validity z su* ev5 ( ! dynamical =m ( polity1 ev5 ?\gh x feels x impossible to agree ) p>tial & en?usia/ic admir]s 9 consid]+ x z p]fect4 ,nay1 x does n reject ev5 an absolute despotism1 not)/&+ t x sees cle>ly en\gh all its imp]fections & great inf]iority4 ,x is only by a complete view ( hi/ory t _! exi/5ce c be expla9$ & und]/ood4 ,& 9 ?is !y w appe> ei!r z a necess>y evil 9 its milde/ =m1 i4e41 z ! less p]nici\s & dang]\s1 "u exi/+ circum/ances1 or z a rem$y = "s m fe>ful disord]1 by :i* alone ! social frame c be re/or$ to a m heal?y condition4 ,! usual transition & natural issue ( popul> an>*y1 :5 x has la/$ long en\gh to exhau/ its own fe>ful viol5ce1 is a p]petual dictator%ip or despotism 9 "s %ape or o!r1 b devoid ( a high] & div9] sanction4 ,?is =m ( gov]nm5t1 or 7s9ce1 /rictly speak+1 x is n a =m7 ?is political condition1 mu/ be c>efully di/+ui%$ f a long-e/abli%$1 legitimate1 & h]$it>y mon>*y1 ) :i* its :ole "* has no?+ 9 common4 ,no d\bt :5 ! revolution>y evil has rea*$ its greate/ height1 & :5 a successful & prud5t usurp]1 l ! mu*-laud$ ,augu/us 9 anci5t ,rome1 )\t be+ p]sonally answ]able = ! ov]?r[ ( ! previ\s con/itution1 appe>s pre-em95tly 9 ! "* ( m$iator betwe5 p>ties & a g5]al pacificator1 ! _w is ready to accord to him its applause4 ,gradually 8 au?ority is m & m widely ackn[l$g$4 ,al?\gh at fir/ he is recogniz$ conditionally only & relatively1 nev]!less1 if he rema9s fai?ful to 8 bett] t5d5cies1 & cont9ues to ! la/ to conf] important b5efits on 8 p1 he may (t5 give a p]man5t & hi/orical f\ndation to 8 dyna/y4 ,b if1 on ! contr>y1 "u 8 usurp$ p[]1 revolution1 ph5ix-l1 only r5ews itself out ( its own a%es1 & ! old an>*y f bel[ revives 9 ano!r =m f above1 z a m]ely milit>y despotism1 :i*1 9 its resi/less & annihilat+ lu/ ( conque/1 honors no?+1 b ?r[s ! :ole _w into confusion1 !n is ! second evil worse ?an ! fir/1 :i* x promis$ to rem$y4 ,by su* a c\rse x loses its only moral f\ndation1 inasmu* z x 0 to ! bett] promise x held out t x ow$ its tempor>y & conditional recognition4 ,su* an in/ance has be5 br\ght closely en\gh be=e our eyes 9 ! hi/ory ( v rec5t times1 to enable u at once intuitively to und]/& its :ole "*4 ,m sl[ly1 & 9 a m organiz$ me?od1 &1 consequ5tly1 ) m la/+ & hi/orical results1 did su* transitions %ape !mselves 9 ! anci5t _w1 & especially 9 ! ,roman con/itution4 ,! anci5t developm5t1 !re=e1 ( ?is ph5om5on1 & its special =m1 is highly in/ructive & pre-em95tly calculat$ to ?r[ a cle> light on our :ole !ory4 ,mod]n hi/ory at no p]iod pres5ts to u su* a va/ sy/em ( republican /ates z we meet ) 9 ! annals ( antiquity1 :i* exhibit ?is "u ! mo/ v>i\s =ms1 z ! pr$om9ant con/itution ( ! :ole civiliz$ _w1 n only 9 its infant1 b 9 its mature/ & mo/ fl\ri%+ developm5t4 ,n only ! ,grecian communities1 ,c>?age1 ,rome1 & ! ,italian municipalities1 b also all ! indep5d5t nations ( c5tral & nor!rn ,europe1 possess$ a m or less p]fect =m ( republican polity4 ,?is portion1 !re=e1 ( anci5t hi/ory furni%es to political sci5ce a ph5om5on :i* 9 ! highe/ degree dem&s its att5tion4 ,h[ev] greatly its fre$om ( inquiry & high intellectual culture1 its spl5did examples ( patriotism & its noble *>act]s & h]oic de$s1 may prepossess u 9 its favor1 on ! :ole we are =c$ to confess t exp]i5ce has decid$ aga9/ su* a sy/em4 ,?is great tea*] %[s x to u z utt]ly impracticable1 & ill adapt$ to promote ! real progress ( human developm5t1 inasmu* z ) :atev] ( brighte/ promise x may beg91 x inv>iably t]m9ates 9 b>b>ism & disord]4 ,9 all ( ^! /ates we trace e>ly en\gh ! same evil t5d5cy to political lic5se & an>*y1 :i*1 develop+ itself ) ceaseless rapidity1 soon paves ! way to ! indet]m9ate condition ( absolute p[]4 ,almo/ all ! great ?9k]s & political writ]s ( antiquity1 )\t exception1 set !mselves to oppose ! democratic elem5t ( _! national con/itutions1 & =esaw & pr$ict$ ! ru9 ( _! c\ntry f ?is s\rce1 )\t be+ able 9 any way to prev5t x4 ,x w be en\gh to m5tion ,plato 9 ,a!ns1 & 9 a diff]5t mann] & degree1 ,cic]o 9 ,rome1 :o 0 himself drawn into ! vortex ( political /rife4 ,! rem$y & c\nt]poise = ! evils ( ?is democratical _s 0 s\ght by ! political ?9k]s & philosoph]s ( ^? times1 9 a d\btlessly noble b /ill v imp]fect =m ( an ari/ocracy--a rem$y :i* is z little consonant to our feel+s z x is unlikely to satisfy our sci5tific convictions4 ,a j & cle> idea ( an h]$it>y & well-regulat$ mon>*y 0 at t date almo/ entirely unkn[n1 s9ce 9 its ess5tial features1 9 its true & p]fect "*1 x is entirely ( a ,*ri/ian orig94 ,9 ! anci5t _w1 at mo/1 a few & fa9t outl9es ( x are occasionally to be discov]$4 ,! int]nal & ext]nal diss5sions ( ! republics ( ,greece1 & ! consequ5t loss ( _! indep5d5ce & subjugation by ! ,mac$onian mon>*y1 or ! half-,asiatic half-,grecian p[]s :i* sprung out ( x1 af=ds a suffici5t confirmation ( ! law t ! republican con/itution1 9 ! times ( moral deg5]acy1 inv>iably t]m9ates 9 popul> an>*y & ru94 ,! same transition 9 ! ,roman polity pres5ts u ) int]e/+ consid]ations ( a high] b diff]5t k9d4 ,= 9 ?is in/ance ! *ange 0 effect$ ) cle> ideas1 def9ite views1 & well-dige/$ pr9ciples4 ,aft] a long & unp>allel$ succession ( bloody civil w>s1 & an equally fe>ful s]ies ( =eign conque/ & aggression1 :i* 7 almo/ indisp5sable z an outlet = ! wild & ambitions passions ( m51 ! cata/rophe :i* =eca/+ m9ds _h long =ese5 at la/ came ab\t4 ,& in/ead ( cont9u+ a hopeless resi/ance1 x 0 n[ ! fir/ object ( ! wise & prud5t to conv]t ! new milit>y p[] into an in/rum5t ( peace1 & by inve/+ ! mod]n b absolute au?ority ) all ! old & hall[$ =ms ( dignity1 to br+ x z ne> z possible to ! "* ( an h]$it>y mon>*y4 ,x is to ! t5d5cy to improvem5t :i* =ms ! g]m ( ^! ideas t we mu/ look = ! apology1 :ile 9 ! c\rse ( hi/ory at ?is p]iod !re lies :atev] !re c be ( reason & ju/ification = su* absolute despotism z prevail$ at ?is era 9 ! political _w4 ,9 itself1 h[ev]1 x c n be too (t5 repeat$1 x is altoge!r =mless & full ( imp]fection4 ,a true family succession & h]$it>y dyna/y1 h[ev]1 0 sc>cely possible1 s long z !re exi/$ no limit to caprice 9 adoption or divorce1 & :5 all ! relations ( m>riage & ! family 7 und]m9$ by ! univ]sal corruption 9 morals1 :i* ! bett] emp]ors s\ght 9 va9 to *eck & re/ra94 ,by ! ascription to ! imp]ial dignity ( prie/ly (fices & titles belong+ to ! popul> religion1 x 0 inde$ attempt$ to give x a m sacr$ "* & sanction4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 secur$ to ! emp]or no real accession ( p[]4 ,su* 0 ! /ate ( decay & weakness 9 :i* religion1 no less ?an morals1 0 sunk4 ,! hea!nism ( ^? days consi/$ 9 no?+ b "s poetical leg5ds1 ext]nal rites1 & c]emonial pomp1 :i* occasionally f\nd a philosophical int]pretation1 b )\t a prop] intr9sic sub/ance & coh]5ce1 & an organiz$ prie/hood--all :i* are to be /ill f\nd 9 ! anci5t religion ( ! ,h9doos4 ,& x 0 only a natural addition to ! o!r num]\s inconsi/5cies--x only r5d]$ ! :ole drama ! m revolt+1 if1 aft] an inhuman reign1 & aft] be+ at la/ put out ( ! way 9 a v human1 &1 at ! same "t1 v unhuman way1 ! hat$ tyrant 0 9 conclusion plac$ among ! national gods4 ,& if "u ,aurelius & ! ,anton9es bett] days appe>$1 /ill !y 7 b brief & transitory1 s9ce !y did n1 & 9 tru? c\ld n1 possess any hi/orical confirmation & moral basis l t ( ! h]$it>y mon>*y ( ,*ri/ian times & /ates4 ,9 jurisprud5ce1 n only z a sci5ce1 b 9 its practical adm9i/ration1 ! ,romans h 9 all ages1 & ev5 mod]n times1 be5 ju/ly fam\s4 ,"o reason1 p]haps1 ( ?is 0 ! fact1 t all :o /ill reta9$ ! lea/ s5se ( "r & ju/ice1 )draw+ f ! dang]s ( political life & honors1 retir$ to ! /ill inviolate doma9 ( law1 & devot$ !mselves to ! developm5t ( ! old juri/ic pr9ciples4 ,b :5 ! :ole social frame1 & ! v pr9ciple ( civil exi/5ce has become 9 its inmo/ ess5ce unrighte\s1 & bas$ on inju/ice1 a few j laws ab\t prop]ty1 & robb]y1 & fraud1 & murd]1 & ! l 7(f5ses :i*1 g5]ally speak+1 are1 = ! mo/ "p1 ess5tially ! same 9 all times & places71 c pr(it little4 ,equally unavail+1 too1 are ! %rewde/ & mo/ sagaci\s ( juridical treatises on su* topics4 ,to extol ! ,roman ,empire on ?is gr\nd w\ld be tantam\nt to prais+ "o ( ! wor/ & mo/ p]nici\s sy/ems ( philosophical error1 or excus+ x because x does n violate1 or1 r1 because x necess>ily obs]ves1 ! ord9>y rules ( logic1 :i*1 h[ev]1 does n by any means less5 or remove ! error1 b1 on ! contr>y1 aggravates x2 s9ce by r5d]+ x s mu* ! m speci\s1 x does b ga9 = x a m ready acceptance among m54 ,9 ! lat] epo* ( ! ,*ri/ian r5ovation ( ! ,roman ,empire 9 ! ,g]man1 ! bett] elem5ts ( ! old ,roman jurisprud5ce 7 ri* 9 valuable & b5eficial results4 ,/ill ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( ! /ate accords bett] ) ! old ,teutonic laws ?an ) ! civil code1 inasmu* z by ! old ,g]man usages a great] reg>d is paid1 & a high] influ5ce all[$1 to ! rights ( equity4 ,no d\bt b ! ,roman jurisprud5ce has mo/ acutely def9$ & develop$ ?is beautiful notion2 b x is *iefly z an exception f /rict "r t x recognizes x at all4 ,= su* 0 ! ,roman law f its comm5cem5t2 & x 0 reg>d$ & e/abli%$ z ! prop] prov9ce ( equity to mod]ate & to s(t5 its orig9al /]nness & sev]ity4 ,b1 accord+ to ,*ri/ian law1 equity & /rict "r ought to be 9 e in/ance intimately associat$ & bl5d$ toge!r1 z is1 inde$1 impli$ 9 ! v idea ( ,*ri/ian s5tim5t & feel+4 ,h]e9 lies1 consequ5tly1 ! great & ess5tial di/9ction betwe5 ,roman & ,*ri/ian law4 ,& ?is is ! pr9ciple on :i* a ?or\gh & sy/ematic developm5t ( ,*ri/ian jurisprud5ce mu/ proce$1 & 9 su* a _s alone c x be consi/5tly c>ri$ out4 ,a second di/9ctive m>k ( ,*ri/ian law & ( its v conception consi/s 9 ?is1 t beyond all o!rs1 x is f\nd$ on hi/orical rights4 ,no d\bt 9 its simple & natural "* ! ,g]manic cu/om inv>iably t5ds t[>d an hi/orical legislation1 bo? = ! burgh] & = ! private individual1 & is s f> p]fectly reconcilable ) ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( "r & ju/ice4 ,b 9 ! full & ext5sive signification ( ! t]m1 z x embraces ! /ate1 & all su* p[]s ( ! civiliz$ _w z are br\ght by geographical contact into political relations ) ea* o!r1 x is only ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( "r t c be truly said to be hi/orical2 = none b ! ,*ri/ian view ( ! _w really embraces 9 its plans & consid]ation ! :ole ( mank9d4 ,_h man n fall5 f ! v fir/ into diss5sion & discont5t ) himself & 8 fell[s1 ) nature & ) ,god1 society w\ld h /ood 9 no ne$ ( a con/ra9+ =ce1 or ( ! /ate to con/ra9 x4 ,= :at else is ! /ate b an arm$ neutrality = ! pres]vation ( peace--a sword ( ju/ice aga9/ wrong1 :e!r f individuals or communities1 a =tress & a bulw>k aga9/ unju/ attacks & ! viol5ce ( w>8 ,& :5ce b f t only p]fect sy/em--! sy/em ( ,*ri/ian tru? & ! fir/ op5+ ( revelation--c we d]ive ! explanation ( t :i* is b ! propagation ( ! old evil & ! primal curse8 ,does x n furni%1 9 ! fir/ wrong & ! fir/ fratricide1 ! hi/orical d]ivation & orig9 ( ! /ate1 acc\nt+ = x z ! div9ely-appo9t$ protection aga9/ man's inborn t5d5cy to inju/ice8 ,& if 9 any o!r hi/ory or tradition a tol]ably cle> & def9ite allusion to su* ideas exi/1 x 01 )\t d\bt1 orig9ally d]iv$ f ! same s\rce4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 z 9 my la/ ,lecture ,i h already endeavor$ to %[1 9 ! second & new div9e comm5cem5t ( ! human race t we are to look = ! true sanction & f\ndation ( ! /ate2 = x is 9 ?is r5ovation ( mank9d t _! true intr9sic & high] peace 0 fir/ proclaim$ & (f]$ to him4 ,n1 h[ev]1 p]fect peace1 = t is to be ! fruit & rew>d ( hav+ 8f\ght a good fight40#eh ,/ill x is1 9 ! mean "t1 a sure & ev]la/+ basis ( future peace1 & an ev]-gr[+ g]m ( tranquillity ev5 9 ! pres5t4 ,view$ 9 ?is light1 !n1 e human peace :i* is n m]ely speci\s & pret5d$1 b hone/ly int5d$1 & 9 s f> ,*ri/ian1 h[ev] imp]fect & p>tial1 =ms1 nev]!less1 a /ep 9 ! great scale ( progression--an approximation & a prep>ation to t univ]sal & all-embrac+ peace ( ,god :i* is high] ?an all reason1 & all ! disputes :i* arise out ( or ab\t x4 ,if inju/ice & wrong %\ld ev] disappe> totally f ! e>?--if ! peace ( ,god 7 actually e/abli%$ !reon1 !n w\ld ! end ( law be atta9$1 & all in/itutions = its accompli%m5t w\ld become sup]flu\s4 ,law presupposes a condition ( /ruggle1 & is int5d$ to endure z long z x la/s4 ,x is itself no?+ less ?an a /ruggle aga9/ wrong4 ,! ,*ri/ian view1 accord+ly1 & !ory ( law1 is f> high]4 ,9 a sci5tific po9t ( view1 too1 x alone is satisfactory on ?is acc\nt1 t x recognizes a high] pr9ciple z ! s\rce ( "r1 or z "r itself1 & t x alone conta9s 9 itself ! hi/orical key = ! :ole1 & embraces at once ! beg9n+ & ! end4 ,b n[ ! ,*ri/ian idea ( "r is ?us hi/orical1 n m]ely because x furni%es a complete explanation ( ! fir/ beg9n+ ( wrong1 & gives an hi/orical d]ivation ( ! div9e sanction ( ! /ate2 b also 9 ?is s5se1 t 9 ob$i5ce to ! pr9ciple ( equity1 z ext5d$ to ! wid] relations ( political life1 & to ! law ( tol]ation f\nd$ on ?is feel+1 x respects ev5 ! imp]fect & inf]ior degrees ( "r1 :5ev]1 at lea/1 !y are ! unavoidable results ( a previ\s c\rse ( ?+s1 & possess an hi/orical f\ndation1 & are e/abli%$ z less evil1 & at lea/ z comp>atively good4 ,& ?is expla9s1 :at is o!rwise incompreh5sible1 h[ ! ,*ri/ian s5se ( "r c\ld reconcile itself to ! absolute =m1 or1 r1 =mlessness ( ! lat] ,roman _w1 & be+ gradually associat$ & fus$ !re)1 l$ to its complete r5ovation 9 ! exalt$ ph5om5on ( a ,*ri/ian empire4 ,?is peace-lov+ & tol]ant recognition ( imp]fect political con/itutions & =ms ( /ate is only applicable1 h[ev]1 :]e ! absolute & ! p]nici\s _h its f\ndation 9 "s hi/orical occasion1 & :]e1 by a natural c\rse ( developm5t1 ! evil has foll[$ z ! result ( "s previ\s defective condition ( ! political body4 ,x has no place :]e ! evil is radical & ( spontane\s gr[?1 z 9 ! empire ( ,mohamm$1 & ( 8 imm$iate successors2 = a fanatical lu/ ( conque/ 0 introduc$ 9 ! fir/ g]m ( ?is dyna/y1 & inde$ =m$ its f\ndation & its animat+ & vital pr9ciple4 ,! brilliant success & p]sonal tal5ts ( ! fir/ caliphs may inde$ w9 our admiration & *a9 our imag9ation1 b /ill 9 ! v wor/ times ( ! old ,roman _w absolute p[] nev] pres5t$ itself 9 s unmitigat$ a =m z x does 9 ?is empire ( deadly fanaticism4 ,?is is ! calm judgm5t ( hi/ory4 ,9 ! =m] case ! evil sprung *iefly f ! p]sonal caprice ( individual tyrants2 9 ! latt]1 ! p]vad+ pr9ciple 0 despotism1 :i*1 on ! :ole1 rema9$ un*ang$ 9 ! mo/ fam\s & greate/ *>act]s4 ,= su* immutability is an ess5tial pr9ciple ( despotism :5ev] ! spiritual & ! temporal p[] are held by ! same h&1 & are unit$ 9 "o common c5t] & sov]eign4 ,9 ano!r po9t ( view also1 t1 viz41 ( ! moral e/imate1 ! hi/orical comp>ison betwe5 ! old ,roman & ! ,mohamm$an empires turns out to ! disadvantage ( ! latt]4 ,9 ! latt] times ( ! ,roman ,empire1 ! family relations1 & ! sacr$ ties ( m>ri$ life1 7 no d\bt greatly di/urb$ & p]v]t$ by ! prevail+ tone ( immorality4 ,b among ! ,mohamm$ans !y 7 entirely ov]?r[n by a false religion4 ,ev5 9 ?is respect1 !re=e1 x is evid5t t !re c\ld be no place 9 ! latt] = t moral f\ndation ( a long-e/abli%$ family unity1 su* z a civiliz$ /ate l ! ,*ri/ian mon>*y requires4 ,x is no?+ /range1 consequ5tly1 if 9 ! times ( ! ,arabian dyna/y1 ! ,mohamm$an /ate /ood 9 m decid$ opposition1 & prov$ less reconcilable to ! ,*ri/ian polity ?an ev] hea!nism did 9 ! days ( anci5t ,rome4 ,b1 not)/&+ ?is1 we f9d1 on ! o!r side1 ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( peace ext5d+ itself ev5 to ! hi/orical ph5om5a & political relations ( ! ,mohamm$an _w4 ,= ! mo/ "p 7& 9 a great] degree ) ! advance ( "t7 ^! ev5ts h be5 judg$ 9 t mild _s ( hi/orical ju/ice :i*1 9 its complete & compreh5sive e/imate1 all[s a due consid]ation to e motive & circum/ance4 ,moreov]1 a high pr9ciple ( tol]ation has ext5d$ to !m ! b5efit ( ! int]national laws ( ,*ri/ian /ates--a policy :i* only requires to be rightly und]/ood to be pron\nc$ 9 no ways des]v+ ( blame or reprobation2 = ! evil c only be radically extirpat$ by ! complete triumph ( ,*ri/ian tru? ov] ! false f\ndation & lead+ idea ( ?is fanatical delusion4 ,b1 h[ev] improbable x may seem1 reg>d$ m]ely 9 an hi/orical light1 t ! ,mohamm$an races w ev] adopt ,*ri/ian s5tim5ts1 morals1 & pr9ciples1 /ill 9 ! great c\rse ( mundane ?+s1 or1 9 o!r words1 9 ! c\nsels ( ,provid5ce1 no?+1 h[ev] x may contradict human expectations1 c rightly be held to be impossible4 ,&1 inde$1 rec5t times furni% _m speak+ indications ( a gr[+ t5d5cy to su* an approximation4 ,_m signs might be po9t$ out1 :i*1 :ile !y be> witness to a wid5+ & deep5+ feel+ ( its desirabl5ess1 enc\rage u to ent]ta9 high] & bett] hopes4 ,to promote1 & inde$ to co-op]ate 9 br++ ab\t s great & div9e a consummation1 s long z x c be done )\t violat+ high] duties & pr9ciples1 does n appe> to g 9 any degree beyond ! sph]e ( a truly ,*ri/ian & pacific policy1 or to int]f]e ) ! relations :i* x is "r to obs]ve 9 reg>d to non-,*ri/ian /ates4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! wor/ violation !re(1 & "o t mo/ surely m5aces dang] & mis*ief1 is = a ,*ri/ian /ate1 9 direct opposition to its natural pr9ciple & vocation1 to be seiz$ & actuat$ by a fanatical lu/ ( conque/ simil> to t :i* animat$ ! ,s>ac5s4 ,su* a subv]sion & confusion ( all moral ideas1 & ( political life1 0 publicly manife/$1 = ! fir/ "t 9 ! ,*ri/ian _w1 dur+ ! ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,break+ out ) furi\s viol5ce1 9 ! brief p]iod ( its duration x develop$ itself ) fe>ful rapidity4 ,h[ _m1 or1 r1 h[ few /eps x w\ld h requir$1 _h its reign be5 long]1 to conv]t x into a milit>y despotism1 ?or\ghly hea!ni%1 su* z ! ,revolution inde$ 0 f beg9n+ to end2 into a despotism :i*1 l t ( ! caliphate already m5tion$1 %\ld unite 9 ! same p]son all spiritual1 z well z temporal au?ority1 we ne$ n "h fur!r inve/igate4 ,! dreadful possibility ( su* a cont+5cy has be5 br\ght only too closely home to our fe>s4 ,! ess5ce ( despotism1 z ,i said be=e1 lies 9 ! union 9 "o p]son ( ! civil & spiritual p[]s--or 9 a mo/ anomal\s /ate1 :i* is1 by a r>e & faulty comb9ation1 at once spiritual & temporal4 ,& s9ce ! di/9ction betwe5 ! two p[]s is involv$ 9 ! v notion ( a ,*ri/ian /ate1 x is ( ! highe/ importance t ! /ate %\ld c>efully obs]ve & respect ! b\nd>ies betwe5 ! two doma9s4 ,x is extremely difficult to e/abli% any g5]al /&>d = all ! cases ( collision betwe5 ! two t ei!r h actually occurr$ or are conceivably possible4 ,= x is evid5t t ?is cont+5cy mu/ be modifi$ 9 an inf9ite numb] ( ways1 by exi/+ treaties1 ! local circum/ances & political con/itution ( ! diff]5t /ates4 ,! *ief po9t is ! g5]al _s & feel+4 ,! "q turns pr9cipally on good w & hone/ int5tions2 b pre-em95tly on a "r conception ( bo? p[]s1 z alike possess+ 9 _! respective sph]es a high] sanction1 a div9e f\ndation1 & a sacr$ "*4 ,?is mu/ be recogniz$ 9 e case & "t1 & all circum/ances belong+ to ei!r sph]e mu/ be treat$ accord+ly4 ,_m & s]i\s cases ( su* collision betwe5 ! *ur* & ! /ate h occurr$ & are p]petually recurr+4 ,_m & grave errors h be5 committ$ on bo? sides4 ,b = ! mo/ "p !y h be5 unfairly judg$1 or1 r1 misjudg$1 ?r\gh ignorance bo? ( ! times1 & ( ! actual circum/ances ( ! case4 ,! day is n long gone by :5 9 ?is respect x 0 ! habitual rule to subject c]ta9 ( ! e>ly popes especially to an unqualifi$ vitup]ation & c5sure4 ,& x mu/ be told1 to ! praise ( ,g]man imp>tiality1 t ,prote/ant writ]s 7 ! fir/1 by _! hi/orical rese>*es1 to d ju/ice to & to =m a fair e/imate ( ^!1 9 _! day1 truly great & em95t *>act]s4 ,/ill we d n by any means pret5d to d5y t bo? 9 ^! & lat] times grave blame re/s ) _m ( ! popes individually4 ,on nei!r side1 h[ev]1 & at no "t1 7 ! limits :i* divide ! two p[]s ov]/epp$ s f> z !y 7 by ,h5ry ,,viii4 ( ,engl&1 t absolute mon>* 9 temporals1 & :o wi%$ also to be equally supreme 9 spirituals4 ,! mo/ despotic sov]eign t ev] sat on ! ?rone ( ,engl&1 by f\nd+ ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,anglican ,*ur*1#ei became undesign$ly & unconsci\sly ! true au?or ( t mu*-laud$ con/itution ( ,engl&1 :i*1 ess5tially re/+ on ?is f\ndation1 furni%es ! only in/ance ( a dynamical polity1 z ! only rem$y ( an o!rwise incurable t5d5cy to division & an>*y1 atta9+ to a highly p]fect %ape & developm5t4 ,z = ! s*ism 9 ! fai?1 :i* 9 ^! latt] times has 9 s _m ,*ri/ian c\ntries made ! problem ( religion only ! m difficult1 & its relation to ! /ate m delicate & liable to aggression1 x has 9 ,engl&1 ?r\gh ?is royal re=m]1 assum$ s complicat$ a %ape t1 unsolv$ z yet1 x appe>s to _m1 judg+ ( x 9 a m]ely human light1 totally & =ev] incapable ( solution4 ,we mu/ res]ve to ! succe$+ ,lecture ! enum]ation ( all ! results :i* fl[ f ^! premises1 & ?is fir/ outl9e ( a truly ,*ri/ian ju/ice1 :i* z su* involves ! pr9ciple ( equity1 & is ev5 truly hi/orical4 ,,lecture ,,xiv4 ,,( ,,! ,,division ,,( ,,ranks1 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,reciprocal ,,relations ,,( ,,/ates ,,accord+ ,,to ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,idea4--,,( ,,sci5ce ,,z ,a ,,p[]2 ,,( ,,its ,,con/itution1 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,"r ,,regulation ,,( ,,x4 ,:5ev] philosophy1 sett+ up any conceit ( its own z a pr9ciple1 intrudes ei!r into ! doma9 ( religion or ( politics1 su* an intrusion is1 9 e case1 an aggression4 ,& if ! aggressive idea1 once =m$ & ent]ta9$1 is1 nev]!less1 ext]nally & 9 appe>ance held 9 *eck & re/ra9$--if1 f ult]ior consid]ations & = ! sake ( "s remote object1 sci5ce accommodates itself to ! e/abli%$ sy/em ( law or religion--!n is ! case only s mu* ! worse4 ,! deep & p]vad+ ho/ility ( s5tim5t is b conceal$ b5ea? ! ext]nal s]vility ( language1 & ! rankl+ w\nd has b sk9n$ ov] ! surface4 ,! influ5ce ( evil is f> f be+ *eck$ & de/roy$2 or1 to say ! lea/1 t ( good is nipp$ 9 ! bud1 n be+ all[$ fully to exp& itself4 ,& at ! same "t ! dignity ( sci5ce1 :i* c only be ma9ta9$ by its indep5d5ce1 is fatally & irretrievably endang]$4 ,"u ?is conviction1 ,i /rongly prote/$1 at ! v op5+ ( ^! ,lectures1 aga9/ all su* int]m$dl+ ( philosophy ) matt]s =eign to x2 & ,i tru/ t1 = my "p1 ,i h hi!rto duly obs]v$ ! _s ( t prote/4 ,b n[1 ! end :i* philosophy /rives to atta9 to is a "r e/imate & full und]/&+ ( its own nature1 & t ( man1 bo? 9 ! int]nal prop]ties ( 8 m9d & 9 8 ext]nal exi/5ce relatively to ,god & nature1 & also to ! _w & society4 ,9 pursuit ( ?is object1 hav+ once f\nd & ackn[l$g$ ! c5t] ( ! inn] life1 su* z x is giv5 to u1 & sett+ out !refrom1 philosophy c & may1 ) p]fect propriety1 submit to inve/igation ! highe/ ideas ( life1 & judge !m aft] its own me?od1 & f its own peculi> position4 ,b /ill x w d ?is 9 ! hope r ( expla9+ :at actually exi/s1 ?an ( e/abli%+ any self-devis$ ideal ( its own1 or ( sett+ up impracticable laws = a m]ely conceivable /ate ( ?+s "u ! mo/ arbitr>y assumptions--= a :olly vision>y _w4 ,consi/5tly1 !n1 ) ?is notion ( philosophy1 & "u ?is limitation1 ,i h n1 ,i ?9k1 deviat$ 9 ! latt] ,lectures f ! law ,i orig9ally laid d[n4 ,inasmu*1 h[ev]1 z ! exposition ( a philosophy ( life mu/ necess>ily be vivid1 & consequ5tly requires to be int]sp]s$ ) hi/orical views & examples1 ,i mu/ reque/ y1 look+ pr9cipally to ! ideas :i* =m ! ess5tial f\ndation ( ^! disc\rses1 to judge ! latt] by ! p]vad+ t5or & connection ( ! ?\ghts r ?an by ! sev]al allusions & in/ances :i* ,i h introduc$ = ! m]e purpose ( illu/ration4 ,all t is m]ely p]sonal 9 ! int]pretation pass$ ^u ^? ev5ts w1 ,i tru/1 be look$ ^u z ! private op9ions1 inde$1 b /ill ! unprejudic$ conclusions1 ( an individual4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ^! ,lectures ,i attempt$1 fir/ ( all1 to e/abli% a firm f\ndation = ! human s\l1 consid]$ bo? 9 its own prop] nature & ) reg>d to its mo/ ess5tial relations 9 life to nature & to ,god4 ,9 ! next place1 by inve/igat+ ! ord] ( ! div9e disp5sations 9 nature1 & 9 ! realms ( tru? & hi/ory1 x 0 my endeavor to obta9 = x a wid] & m solid basis4 ,la/ly1 ,i occupi$ myself ) trac+ ! c\rse :i* ! ,_s ( ,et]nal ,tru? pursues 9 sci5ce & 9 life1 & ! %apes :i* 9 its progress t[>d p]fection x successively assumes4 ,accord+ly1 ,i h po9t$ out to y1 fir/ ( all1 h[ ?is ,_s ( ,et]nal ,tru? is ev] "o & ! same 9 ! highe/ sci5ce & 9 div9e fai?2 !n1 h[ victori\sly x comes =? out ( ! conflict betwe5 fai? & infidelity2 &1 9 conclusion1 ,i %[$ y t1 f> f be+ conf9$ to ! n>r[ region ( sci5ce1 x may & rightly ought to ent] ) an e>ne/ influ5ce into life itself4 ,h[ ! latt] duty is actually fulfill$ we endeavor$ to %[1 by consid]+ ! symbolical signification ( life1 &1 z d]iv$ !refrom1 its high] sanction & div9e f\ndation1 especially 9 public life & ! /ate4 ,& h]e9 ! idea ( a univ]sal ,*ri/ian & truly hi/orical ju/ice f\nd a clos] application & wid] developm5t4 ,& ?is =m$ ! subject ( our la/ disquisition4 ,i !re s\ght to elucidate ?is idea solely & entirely f hi/ory4 ,= ?is purpose ,i endeavor$1 by means ( hi/orical in/ances1 to set 9 a cle>1 discrim9at+ light ! opposite & div]g5t notions ( an absolute & ( a dynamical or limit$ mon>*y1 s f> at lea/ z reg>ds ! ess5tial features & *>act]i/ic con/itution ( ea*4 ,z in/ances ( ! =m]1 ,i po9t$ to ! old ,roman _w & ! empire ( ! caliphs1 :ile ! latt] 0 elucidat$ by ! ,engli% con/itution1 9 :i*1 z yet1 x has atta9$ to its highe/ & mo/ p]fect developm5t4 ,?is is1 no d\bt1 a ma/]-piece ( political wisdom1 :]e9 an intractable _s ( opposition be+ adopt$1 z x 71 into ! v con/itution1 is !reby r5d]$ legitimate & its evil t5d5cy is held 9 *eck4 ,/ill ! pr9ciple ( x c n rightly be view$ 9 any o!r light ?an ! wise proc$ure ( ! physician :o1 9 ! case ( an inevitable epidemic1 resolves to inoculate ! disease 9 ord] to be able to control x ! bett]1 & by wat*+ m closely its crisis1 to regulate its c\rse & issue4 ,9 its true hi/orical place1 !re=e1 ?is con/itution f9ds its satisfactory explanation & ju/ification2 or1 r1 des]ves our highe/ praise1 ! fulle/ ackn[l$gm5t ( its m]its1 & ev5 our admiration4 ,b inasmu* z e feature ( x is ?or\ghly hi/orical & national1 & s9ce ! slighte/ local div]sity 9 ! "* ( a p or nation might ) diff]5t relations & circum/ances give rise to wants & difficulties little expect$ or dream$ (1 we mu/ be cauti\s h[ we seek to introduce x else:]e4 ,9 ! arts x is ev] a sorry bus9ess to imitate great works ( orig9al g5ius4 ,by su* a c\rse little b mann] is multipli$4 ,s x is r>ely a felicit\s idea to suppose t a con/itution1 ?\gh copi$ f ev] s laud$ a model1 mu/ be suit$ to all nations alike1 & mu/ prove a univ]sal & unfail+ s\rce ( political felicity--a tree ( lib]ty1 :i* we may transplant at pleasure1 or1 z x 71 a con/itutional bill ( ex*ange1 :i*1 once endors$ we may put 9 circulation4 ,b if ! true ,gordian knot 9 t ma/]-piece ( polity1 ! ,engli% con/itution1 rema9s /ill an unsolv$ problem1 s9ce t w> ( religi\s op9ion1 :i* seems at e mom5t to be ?reat5+ an outbreak1 is z yet1 ) consummate skill & prud5ce1 kept "u & re/ra9$ )9 its recogniz$ limits1 we may see 9 ?is fact a fur!r confirmation & ju/ification ( ! encomiums we rec5tly pass$ ^u ! religi\s peace :i* has become = u 9 ,g]many z x 7 a second nature1 & :i*1 9 ! place ( su* a con/itution1 is to u ! gu>anty ( m5tal fre$om & ! pl$ge ( a high] unity ?an "o simply political4 ,x is n a m]e dead lett]1 b x is a liv+ p[] en%r9$ 9 ! m9ds ( m54 ,& if occasionally "s ra% expression 9 a great & influ5tial writ]1 or any griev\s act on ! "p ( a p[]ful & lead+ political "*1 may seem to m5ace viol5ce to ?is religi\s peace1 ! g5]al feel+ soon pron\nces itself aga9/ su* indiscretion1 & ! s+le note ( discord is quickly br\ght 9 unison ) ! g5]al h>mony1 or else dies away )\t produc+ any deep or widely-prejudicial consequ5ces4 ,n1 inde$1 t ! exi/+ diff]5ces 9 religi\s op9ion are a ?+ desirable--we mean any ?+ b t by our encomiums on ! religi\s peace4 ,:at we really mean is1 t 9 ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s su* a peace is ( ! v highe/ value1 & "o ^: great bless+ c only be appreciat$ fully by ^? :o enjoy x4 ,& no?+ b a comp>ison ) o!r civiliz$ nations 9 ?is respect c enable u to und]/& & to =m a full e/imate ( its value4 ,& if e ord9>y treaty ( peace betwe5 /ates1 :5ev] x is settl$ on true & la/+ f\ndations & s9c]ity ( purpose1 has an influ5ce on ! inw>d developm5t ( m9d or _s 9 ! c\rse ( hi/ory1 & af=ds1 z x 71 a calm presage ( a high] & a m univ]sal peace ( ,god1 h[ c we look ^u ?is peculi> & int]nal peace betwe5 m5's m9ds 9 any o!r light ?an z a tok5 ( a ri*] & full] future1 & z a symbol ( ultimate p]fection & unity8 ,9 our notice ( ! s*ism 9 ! fai? we made allusion to ! possibility ( a collision betwe5 ! two highe/ & mo/ sacr$ p[]s1 ! civil & ! spiritual1 accord+ to ! di/9ction involv$ 9 ! v idea ( ! ,*ri/ian life4 ,9 ord]1 !re=e1 to avoid e possible misconception1 x seems to be necess>y1 or1 at lea/1 n a sup]flu\s task1 to add "o brief rem>k on ! extreme case :51 9 su* an un=tunate collision1 "r & ju/ice are op5ly violat$ & set at defiance4 ,if ! civil p[] be ! p>ty attack$ & unduly int]f]$ ) 9 its legitimate prov9ce1 x has a p]fect "r to def5d itself1 z1 inde$1 9 our days1 x is q able & kn[s well h[ to d4 ,! only ?+ t app>5tly rema9s to be desir$ is1 t 9 ! ex]cise ( ?is "r x %\ld obs]ve1 z inde$ becomes ! /rong] side1 ! greate/ mod]ation4 ,b if1 on ! contr>y1 ! aggression proce$s f ?is side1 & ! spiritual p[] is attack$1 !n x ought to be> 9 m9d t its legitimate opposition to ! civil p[] ought to assume a mat]ial "*4 ,its resi/ance mu/ nev] be public & op5 viol5ce1 nor1 ei!r directly or indirectly1 by means ( :at we may call ma*9ations1 = su* a proce$+ w\ld und]m9e ! sacr$ f\ndations ( public confid5ce1 & %ake ! :ole edifice ( moral ord] & society4 ,9 ! case ( su* an aggression1 religion w\ld deprive h]self ( h] duly-acquir$ position 9 ! /ate4 ,b ?is1 s long z ! latt] rema9s ,*ri/ian1 religion itself nev] c & nev] w d1 z nei!r w ^? ^: duty x is to guide & to m9i/] x 9 a truly rev]5t & pi\s _s4 ,! only opposition1 !re=e1 t ! spiritual p[] c rightly & ju/ly make to ! aggression ( ! /ate mu/ be ( a passive nature4 ,x is n necess>y to lay d[n any elaborate & rigor\s di/9ctions = su* an em]g5cy2 = su* def9itions r>ely meet ! complicat$ v>iety & special "* ( e possible or ev5 e actual case4 ,a few hi/orical examples1 :i* readily pres5t !mselves1 w s]ve briefly & p]spicu\sly to illu/rate ! view ( duty :i* we wi% to en=ce4 ,9 ! un=tunate case ( a great & public collision betwe5 ! ,*ur* & ! ,/ate1 ! model ( a j & legitimate resi/ance on ! "p ( ! spiritual p[] has be5 furni%$ by ! conduct ( t v5]able old man1#fj :om half ( ,europe reg>d$ z inve/$ ) ! highe/ prie/ly & apo/olical dignity4 ,) calm =titude1 ev5 9 bonds1 he refus$ to yield to ! milit>y despot1 & won ! p]sonal e/eem & admiration likewise ( t o!r half ( ,europe :i* d5i$ 8 spiritual au?ority4 ,or1 to take an example f a m limit$ sph]e1 & ( a m p]sonal nature1 we may appeal to ! hi/ory ( ! patron sa9t ( ,bohemia1 :i*1 at lea/1 c n be class$ among ! leg5ds1 & :i*1 9 any case1 w af=d a beautiful & simple example ( a noble1 p]fectly-all[able resi/ance ( a spiritual p>ty aga9/ ! inju/ice ( ! political head ( ! nation4 ,by su* passive resi/ance1 & by su* alone1 did ,*ri/ianity1 9 ! e>lie/ c5turies1 ?\gh s unattractive & s l[ly at its fir/ comm5cem5t1 gradually atta9 a secure ext]nal f\ndation1 & become ! religion ( ! :ole civiliz$ _w4 ,a public outbreak1 & ev5 a secret feel+ ( discont5t betwe5 ! spiritual & ! temporal p[]1 betwe5 ,*ur* & ,/ate1 is1 at all times1 & 9 e case1 a great evil1 ?reat5+ & br++ dang] & ru9 on bo?4 ,= ! /ate1 z be+ ultimately f\nd$ on a religi\s basis1 und]m9es its own f\ndation by assum+ a ho/ile attitude t[>d religion4 ,no f9ancial difficulties1 or any su* p>tial calamities1 w ev] ru9 a p s long z any moral en]gy /ill exi/s 9 ! :ole body1 & x is consequ5tly s\nd at ! core4 ,political skepticism1 :i* is ! imm$iate & necess>y consequ5ce ( infidelity 9 religion1 is ! true cause & orig9 ( ! decay ( nations4 ,^! two vital pr9ciples ( human society1 !re=e--^! two p[]s1 h[ev] ess5tially & necess>ily di/9ct--mu/ "w toge!r 9 p]fect peace & unity4 ,= ! "o c only fl\ri% :]e ! soil has be5 r5d]$ morally f]tile by ! o!r1 :ile ! latt] c n ex]cise its full influ5ce except "u ! sanction ( ! political p[]4 ,if religion 7 at unity 9 itself1 & totally free f p>ty & controv]sy1 & ! /ate1 z ! public life1 7 9 p]fect h>mony ) x1 & ?or\ghly p]vad$ by its life-giv+ _s1 humanity w\ld1 by su* a consummation1 h made a great /ep 9 advance t[>d t div9e peace = :i* e human pacification1 h[ev] imp]fect1 is ! expression ( a pr(\nd & imp]i%able long+--( a pursuit :i*1 ?\gh ev] atta9+1 is /ill nev] :olly ab&on$4 ,h[ev]1 ! ali5ation & sep>ation ( ! civil & spiritual p[]s seems to belong peculi>ly & ess5tially to1 or1 r1 to be a necess>y law (1 ! pres5t condition ( humanity1 /ill involv$ 9 /ruggle ) evil1 & n yet hav+ atta9$ to ! end ( its endeavors4 ,x is mu* old] ?an m5 ?9k4 ,x mu/ h exi/$ 9 ! fir/ ages ( ! _w1 & 9 ! e>lie/ /age ( ! ,g5tile religion4 ,= among ! ,h9doos1 :o1 z !y are ! mo/ anci5t p t we are acqua9t$ )1 are also ! mo/ au!ntic monum5t t rema9s ( ! primeval condition ( ! human race1 we f9d ?is sep>ation =mally & def9itely e/abli%$4 ,x !re =ms an insurm\ntable b>ri] betwe5 ! regal & ! sac]dotal dignity4 ,on ?is po9t x w\ld n be advisable to direct our att5tion exclusively or ev5 pr9cipally to ! condition ( ! prie/ly class among ! ,greeks & ,romans1 s9ce1 9 ! lat] epo*s ( ^! nations1 ,g5tilism _h greatly deg5]at$1 & 9 ! m civiliz$ days ( ^! p _h lo/ all its ess5tial =ms1 & its true _s _h disappe>$4 ,b1 ) t /ill m anci5t p ( ! ,h9doos1 ! same un*ang$ law /ill exi/s 9 ^! days z 9 ! v e>lie/ times4 ,a ,brahm9 :o %\ld attempt to asc5d ! ?rone or usurp its p[]s1 or a rajah :o %\ld wi% to be z a ,brahm91 or to suppress & annihilate ! ,brahm9ical ca/e1 w\ld be univ]sally reg>d$ z an abom9ation4 ,! attempt1 on ei!r side1 w\ld appe> an (f5se aga9/ human nature & div9e laws4 ,= a mixture or confusion ( ca/es signifies to ! ,h9doos ! v abom9ation ( an>*y2 & by ?is t]m1 9 "o *>act]i/ic ^w ( _! language1 !y designate all revolution>y times1 ev5 ?\gh1 we mu/ obs]ve1 su* p]iods among ! ,h9doos 7 nev] m ?an brief & transitory1 ! waves ( an>*y break+ h>mlessly aga9/ ! ev]la/+ rocks ( ?is anci5t & solidly-compact sy/em4 ,besides ! _m o!r traces ( family aff9ity betwe5 ! ,indian & ,teutonic races1 ano!r is furni%$ by ! ,g]manic con/itution1 :i* =ms ! political basis ( mo/ ,european k+doms4 ,9 ,india ! noble class :o mo/ especially are b\nd to milit>y s]vice =ms also ! ca/e ( ! lords ( ! soil2 & f _! latt] "* !y also d]ive _! "n z a class4#fa ,"s ( ! mo/ g5]al & mo/ anci5t features ( ! feudal sy/em h likewise be5 discov]$ among !m1 ?\gh n1 inde$1 its m artificial & complicat$ sy/em1 to :i* feudalism 0 9 lat] times develop$ among ,european nations4 ,to ?is l&$ nobility belong ! nabobs & ev5 ! rajahs4 ,= x 0 left op5 to ! fluctuat+ =tunes ( diff]5t families to rise or to fall f ! summit ( political dignity4 ,betwe5 ! sev]al grades ( honor accessible to a p>ticul> ca/e no insurm\ntable b>ri] 0 rais$2 all 7 op5 to all ! memb]s ( ! same rank or ca/e4 ,! democratical writ]s ( a rec5t era1 9 ob$i5ce to a s5tim5t natural en\gh to _! false sy/em1 h express$ a deep horror & /rong av]sion to ?is in/itution ( ca/es among ! ,h9doos1 /amp+ x on e occasion ) ! /ronge/ m>ks ( reprobation4 ,view+ x1 h[ev]1 9 an hi/orical light1 ,i = my "p am dispos$ to ?9k t x is to ?is anci5t & h]$it>y in/itution1 h[ev] mu* ( imp]fection x und\bt$ly involves1 t ?is great & popul\s c\ntry owes t firm /ability ( its laws & cu/oms1 & t inde/ructible prosp]ity :i* ! v>i\s conque/s x has und]gone bo? 9 anci5t & mod]n times h be5 unable to %ake or to und]m9e4 ,no d\bt ! ,indian gradation ( ranks wants ! /amp ( p]fection & mildness :i* belongs to ,*ri/ian politics4 ,& 9 ?is respect ! comp>ison is especially in/ructive4 ,x s]ves to draw att5tion to1 & /rongly illu/rates ! fact1 t a ,*ri/ian division ( ranks is1 9 "s po9ts1 diff]5t 9 its pr9ciple1 & ! v opposite to ! correspond5t /ate ( ?+s 9 ! old _w1 z yet unref9$ & purifi$ by ?is div9e elem5t4 ,=1 fir/ ( all1 accord+ to ! ,*ri/ian idea1 ! spiritual class c n dep5d ^u bir?2 x mu/ possess a high] & peculi> vocation4 ,?is ord]1 consequ5tly1 c n recruit itself m]ely by bir?1 b mu/ d]ive its memb]s f ! o!r classes :i* are h]$it>y4 ,b 9 consequ5ce ( ?is pr9ciple1 ! p>tition-wall1 o!rwise impassable & absolute1 betwe5 ! o!r ranks1 :i*1 tak5 on ! :ole1 are h]$it>y1 is s f> remov$1 t exceptional cases occur :5 ^! b>ri]s are op5$ to m]it or o!r important consid]ations4 ,x is a self-evid5t fact1 requir+ no elaborate argum5t = its pro(1 t ! ,*ri/ian s5tim5t1 or1 z we h "h express$ x1 t pr9ciple ( equity s univ]sally & ess5tially int]wov5 ) ! ,*ri/ian idea ( ju/ice1 dem&s t e alleviation ( _! toilsome & oppressive lot %\ld be af=d$ to ! indu/ri\s classes4 ,to ^? on :om ! accid5t ( bir?1 z ! _w speaks1 or1 z we %\ld pref] to say1 a high] & a div9e ,provid5ce1 has laid all ! h>d%ips ( life1 x is b j t e privilege %\ld be conc$$ t does n militate aga9/ ! g5]al welf>e1 or ! private rights ( individuals4 ,& 9 ! same _s1 e political con/itution t is organically arrang$ & f\nd$ on a ,*ri/ian1 &1 consequ5tly1 modifi$ sep>ation ( ranks1 w att5tively obs]ve & engraft into its old con/itutional /ock e new hi/orical %oot4 ,a great & in/ructive example ( ! k9d is at h&4 ,9 ! ,teutonic con/itutions ( ! middle ages1 & especially 9 ! ,g]manic ,empire1 cities & trades1 :i* at an e>li] p]iod _h =m$ a v immat]ial & comp>atively insignificant elem5t 9 ! :ole--9 %ort1 ! gr[+ burgh] classes 71 at _! v fir/ appe>ance1 und]/ood humanly & politically--receiv$ a great organic developm5t1 & tak5 into a liv+ comb9ation ) ! old4 ,9 all probability our own deeply-agitat$ times1 :i* assur$ly des]ve n to be call$ unfruitful1 ev5 ?\gh1 toge!r ) ! good fruit1 !y may also produce _m a false blossom1 give bir? to mu* t is new inde$1 b :i* is1 nev]!less1 or at lea/ may ev5tually become1 hi/orical4 ,! ph5om5a ( ! pres5t1 !re=e1 dem& our mo/ c>eful consid]ation1 le/ any neglig5ce 9 ?is case %\ld inevitably involve u 9 disa/]1 & br+ on u a natural hi/orical retribution4 ,an exclusive & n>r[ ari/ocracy1 or1 if we mu/ say s1 "o s5selessly insi/+ on its privileges1 su* z 9 ! e>li] "p ( ! la/ c5tury 0 probably to be met ) 9 a few c\ntries1 is1 to ! true fri5d ( ! anci5t ord] ( ?+s1 ! mo/ pa9ful ph5om5on4 ,x is its own greate/ enemy--s9ce1 by an hi/orical law ( antagonism & reaction1 "o extreme inevitably calls =? ! o!r soon] or lat]4 ,h]$it>y mon>*y1 z x is ! olde/ =m ( polity 9 hi/ory1 s1 if x is ma9ta9$ 9 ! mild & mod]ate _s ( ! ,*ri/ian /ate1 is likely to survive all o!rs1 & to be ! la/ 9 =ce among ! human race2 = a /ate :i* is f\nd$ & e/abli%$ on ! ,*ri/ian pr9ciple ( an equitable di/9ction & division ( ranks1 mu/1 9 e calm & unprejudic$ judgm5t1 des]ve ! pref]5ce ov] ! artificial con/itution ( a dynamical balance ( p[]s2 = ! necess>y equipoise is liable to be di/urb$ by ! re/less agitation to :i* ! latt] =m ( polity is expos$4 ,& x is only1 !re=e1 9 comp>ison ) an absolute despotism t ! dynamical !ory c appe> desirable & w9 s _m adh]5ts1 :ile ! =m]1 on ! o!r h&1 z ! only rem$y = popul> an>*y1 if adm9i/]$ ) tal5t & en]gy1 becomes n only tol]able1 b acquires ev5 an hi/orical ju/ification4 ,ea* ( ^! two extremes1 ! absolute & ! dynamical1 admit1 h[ev]1 ( a wid] application ?an m]ely to s+le /ates & _! diff]5t =ms1 accord+ to ! fluctuation ( ! times betwe5 prosp]ity & adv]sity4 ,= ! entire sy/em ( ,*ri/ian /ates ?r\gh\t ! civiliz$ _w may 9 _! mutual relations & conf$]ations dep5d pr9cipally on ! absolute prepond]ance ( "s lead+ p[] :i* holds ! o!rs 9 subjection or rules !m4 ,b ?is is an au?ority :i* all are ready to ?r[ (f1 & is nev] will+ly ackn[l$g$ or submitt$ to4 ,or1 p]haps1 ! :ole political _w may1 on ! dynamical !ory1 be bas$ on ! balance ( p[]1 ea* /ate be+ held 9 *eck by ! re/4 ,?is 0 ! reign+ sy/em ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 & at its fir/ f\ndation 0 admir$ z ! p]fection ( a wise policy4 ,9 exp]i5ce1 h[ev]1 x has prov$ inadequate & practically unt5able4 ,! only case :]e x seems to admit ( application is t ( a division embrac+ ! :ole globe1 b bas$ on geographical relations2 b ev5 9 su* a case x c\ld only s]ve to *eck mutual injury1 & n to promote any salut>y end4 ,9 ! middle ages1 z soon z ! ,g]man ,empire1 hav+ fall5 f its orig9al purity1 _h become totally false to its ,*ri/ian pr9ciple1 x f\nd1 accord+ to ! _s ( ! times1 a salut>y *eck & c\nt]poise 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,& t iron "* ( ! ,ghibell9es1 :i* 0 exhibit$ no less /rik+ly 9 individuals & morals ?an 9 politics & c\nsels ( /ate1 af=ds ! be/ ju/ification = ?is antagonism1 z well z = ! opposite great p>ty ( ! ,guelphs1 ) _! mild] be>+ & s5tim5ts4 ,b n[ t ?is anci5t division & conflict ( ! spiritual & ! temporal p[]s is 9 ^! enlight5$ times a bygone ?+1 & 9 ! old] s5se is ext9ct =ev]--s9ce x seems mank9d c n d )\t antagonism ( "s k9d1 we h1 in/ead ( x1 an elem5t>y "o betwe5 l& & wat]4 ,a political s*ism v>i\sly manife/s itself betwe5 ! ocean & ! cont95t4 ,9 fact1 t great ,isl& ,k+dom :i* trav]ses & rules ! ocean1 & by f\nd+ colonies & settlem5ts :]ev] x li/e? or ?9ke? pr(itable1 puts =?1 z x 71 ! feel]s ( univ]sal dom9ion1 is prop]ly an empire ( ! sea4 ,= 9 contradi/9ction f a k+dom we may call e mon>*y an empire :i* comprises 9 itself sev]al o!r peoples & nations ( div]s races & political con/itutions4 ,9 su* a s5se we h contra/$ ?is m>itime empire ) ! ,cont95t4 ,b al?\gh exp]i5ce has %[n ! possibility ( su* a division ( ! :ole _w & political ali5ation ( ! two elem5ts ( l& & wat] ?r\gh\t ! globe1 x has also e/abli%$ a conviction t ?\gh ^! two divisions might d incalculable injury & mis*ief to ea* o!r1 no p]man5t or decid$ supremacy ( ei!r w\ld foll[1 inasmu* z a m$ium = ma9ta9+ ! dep5d5ce ( ei!r is want+4 ,& z x is only 9 "s urg5t ne$ ( ! times to f9d "s c\nt]poise to absolute p[]1 or an appreh5sion ( x1 t a dynamical /ate or ! t5d5cy to x f9ds its ju/ification1 s x 0 only dur+ ! transi5t reign ( a despotic lu/ ( conque/1 & z a *eck to x1 t ?is m>itime p[] c\ld h ris5 s high z x has 9 ! op9ion ( ! ,cont95tal /ates4 ,s9ce !n1 h[ev]1 ! great p[]s ( ,europe h _h a diff]5t int]e/ to pursue1 & _! political c\nsels h be5 direct$ to ! pres]vation ( peace r ?an to selfi% aggr&izem5t4 ,= !y h all _h to cont5d ) a common enemy 9 ! re/less _s ( ! age1 :i* is yet v f> f be+ conqu]$ & subdu$4 ,if1 !n1 an absolute prepond]ance ( a s+le /ate is hateful to all1 & a dynamical balance ( p[] 9 ! g5]al /ate-sy/em is ei!r inadequate = su* an end1 or else does n admit ( application1 is x n at lea/ conceivable t a high] pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ian ju/ice might be sub/itut$ = ^! :i* are equally defective8 ,might n a common po9t ( moral unity be f\nd & e/abli%$ = ! ,european /ates8 ,mu/ ?is sublime idea ev] be no?+ m ?an ! noble en?usiasm ( a magnanim\s "*8 ,& is x to be reg>d$ z impossible m]ely because x is imb$d$ 9 difficulties8 ,b is n all t is great also difficult8 ,/ill1 inasmu* z ?is exalt$ political unity mu/ h a purely spiritual basis 9 ! s5tim5ts ( m51 a precipitate or viol5t attempt to br+ x ab\t mu/ inevitably misc>ry4 ,x w\ld n only militate aga9/1 b also corrupt ! orig9al purity ( ! v idea4 ,x mu/ be univ]sally recogniz$ be=e x c1 9 ! conte/ ) ! evil pr9ciple ( ! day1 become a salut>y p[] ( good1 or furni% = ! political relations a g5]al basis ( ,*ri/ian ju/ice4 ,! "o extreme ( political ,europe1 ) its absolute polity1 :i* moreov] has fall5 v l[ f its =m] prepond]ance1 seems exclud$ by ! v nature ( ?+s f ! idea ( su* a unity4 ,b if x be true t x is gradually becom+ m & m ,european1 a "* 9 :i*1 until v lately1 x has r>ely be5 reg>d$1 !n a modifi$ k9d ( subord9ate connection ) su* a g5]al pr9ciple ( association among ,european /ates1 does n seem necess>ily inadmissible or inconsi/5t4 ,! o!r extreme ( ,europe1 ) its dynamical con/itution1 _h1 9 an opposition1 mod]ate inde$ 9 =m & conditionally1 m ?an half r5\nc$ ?is idea4 ,9 ! op9ion1 h[ev]1 ( _m compet5t judges1 ?is r5unciation is mu* m decid$1 & mu/ ex]cise a great & unfavorable effect on ! h>mony ( ! :ole4 ,! moral want ( our age1 judg$ by ?is or "s simil> idea1 is ! necessity :i* 0 s ke5ly felt ^u its deliv]ance f ! g5]al yoke ( a milit>y aggression1 ( a moral & intr9sic reg5]ation ( ,europe4 ,& ?is unity is n to be d]iv$ f & set up m]ely 9 sci5ce1 b mu/ be felt z a liv+ en]gy 9 life itself4 ,b h[ is su* an inn] re/oration to be br\ght ab\t & effect$ 9 ,*ri/ian /ates1 b by a complete r5ewal & invigoration ( _! religi\s f\ndation8 ,& inasmu* z ?is want actually exi/s & is felt1 ! problem :i* is to supply x mu/ be reg>d$ z an hi/orical "o2 & consequ5tly ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! times--ab/ract$ f ! accid5tal =m ( ! fir/ essays at its solution--w soon] or lat] c>ry u to all t is mo/ ess5tial 9 ! idea4 ,=m]ly1 9 ! m$ieval times1 ! ,g]man ,empire claim$ to be ?is ,*ri/ian c5t] ( unity = ! /ates ( ,europe--al?\gh1 9 tru?1 x 0 f> f embrac+ ! :ole sy/em ( ,european /ates4 ,latt]ly1 9 ! new political !ory1 ! mutual relation ( nations has become gradually republican4 ,& ?is new =m has consequ5tly be5 accompani$ ) imp]fections & difficulties & almo/ inextricable p]plexities4 ,is x1 !n1 probable t 9 ! comm5c+ or rec5tly-comm5c$ era ( hi/ory1 a firm1 compact1 b va/ corporation ( /ates1 f\nd$ on a pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ian ju/ice1 c be sub/itut$ = & gradually evolv$ out ( ! two previ\s ones1 :i* are n[ f\nd :olly inadequate = ! ends !y 7 design$ to meet8 ,z a m]e hi/orical probability we may well all[ ?is idea to /&4 ,totally diff]5t f ^? idle speculations ( an endless peace1 :i*1 = ! sake ( m]e intellectual amusem5t & discussion1 philosophy 0 us$ to advance 9 ! s*ools1 is ?is ?or\ghly-practical ?\ght ( a conf$]ation ( /ates bas$ on ! pr9ciple ( ,*ri/ian ju/ice & vitally connect$ ) religion z ! mo/ g5]al c5t] ( humanity4 ,& ! latt] mu/ be reg>d$ z ! ess5tial condition ( its int]nal consi/5cy & p]man5ce4 ,at lea/ we may safely advance ! foll[+ z ! result ( a philosophical consid]ation ( hi/ory4 ,an exalt$ & univ]sal religi\s peace ( ?is k9d1 & proce$+ f su* a pr9ciple1 9 :i*1 by a peaceful approximation1 n only ! two p>ties 9 ! fai? %\ld be reconcil$ & f9ally unit$1 b also ! spiritual & ! secul> p[]s1 ! ,*ur* & ! ,/ate1 %\ld be alli$ toge!r 9 ! pr(\nde/ h>mony1 is1 prop]ly speak+1 ! v ?+ :i* mank9d mo/ /&s 9 ne$ (4 ,b ?is desirable result nev] c & nev] w be atta9$ until all %all be unit$ 9 p]vad+ h>mony ) religion & ) life1 especially ) public life or ! /ate1 s t all ^! ?ree pr9ciples or fundam5tal elem5ts ( human exi/5ce may "w toge!r ) "o aim & purpose4 ,su* a /ate ( pr(\nd int]nal peace w\ld be some?+ m ?an a simple political peace1 ) its transi5t bless+s4 ,x w\ld be a sacr$ peace ( ,god & ! high] spirits1 or at lea/ ! precursor & ! be/ initiation !reto4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n to be effect$ by diplomatic skill no m ?an by sci5tific hypo!ses4 ,x c only be br\ght ab\t by ! imm$iate op]ation ( ,god1 & by t div9e en]gy :i* f ! beg9n+ has su/a9$ & /ill su/a9s ! sy/em ( ! univ]se4 ,philosophy1 accord+ly1 mu/ cont5t itself ) po9t+ to ?is end & ?is su/a9+ p[]1 & also ) call+ att5tion to all ! traces hi/orically furni%$ :i* t5d 9 ! same direction4 ,& s9ce ! great conflict ( ! age draws all p[]s into its vortex m viol5tly ?an ev]1 x may be all[$ to be suffici5t = u to h haz>d$ a glance t[>d ?is glori\s consummation2 & we n[ w turn our att5tion to ! developm5t ( intellect & intellectual p[]s z at pres5t involv$ 9 ! z yet undecid$ conflict4 ,?us mu* at lea/ mu/ be cle>1 t if sci5ce1 religion1 & ! /ate1 & ! sev]al p[]s1 p>ties1 & influ5ces belong+ to ea* ( ^! doma9s1 is1 z hi!rto1 to pursue ea* its own way 9 opposition to ! re/1 !n w all ha/5 aga9 ) rapid /rides into a /ate ( *aotic confusion4 ,x may1 !re=e1 well be p]mitt$ u to endeavor to hold up be=e m51 9 z /rong a light z possible1 ?is bett] hope1 & to furni% !m ) e possible confirmation ( x bo? f sci5ce & hi/ory4 ,if our age be z yet f> f heal?y--if x be /ill 9 a sickly /ate1 if ! fir/ fe>ful crisis has n totally expell$ ! diseas$ matt]--if1 on ! contr>y1 ! g5]al ,european body 9 _m ( its memb]s is /ill infect$ ) ! virus :i* has p5etrat$ into ! inmo/ & secret m>r[ ( life--if ! s\rce ( ! malady lie 9 false ideas1 or ! total abs5ce ( "r ones1 or1 9 o!r words1 9 philosophical error1 :i* has spread 9 indef9ite vagu5ess & endless hair-splitt+ ov] ! :ole ( public & private life1 & 9 a skepticism no less political ?an religi\s--!n1 s9ce ! ext]nal refutation r>ely avails any ?+1 our fir/ object mu/ be intr9sically to conqu] & to bani% ?is error by tru?1 & ! _s ( tru? 9 t high] sci5ce :i* is g5u9e & lawful & directs itself to div9e ?+s4 ,! re/less an>*ical _s ( ! times1 or ! p]v]t$ absolute _s--= !y are ess5tially "o & ! same1 is yet a _s--x may be a sup]ficial1 %all[1 s5sual1 & negative "o1 b /ill a _s1 & !re=e c n be ov]come by any m]e negation1 b on ! contr>y only /ruggles aga9/ x ) r5ew$ bitt]ness & consequ5tly m vigor\s resi/ance4 ,z oppos$ to ! div9e _s ( tru?1 h[ev]1 x appe>s an unsub/antial nullity1 & soon vani%es into its own vanity4 ,a direct controv]sy ) error entails "o disadvantage4 ,by su* a c\rse ! latt] is unduly ackn[l$g$ = a positive p[] ( evil4 ,b 9 reality x only becomes s conditionally1 ?r\gh ! atomi/ic splitt+ & diffusion ( false ideas1 & by ! mass ( its foll[]s1 :5 once e ?+ is resolv$ into elem5t>y decomposition4 ,moreov]1 "o extreme ( exagg]ation1 :5ev] 9 controv]sy we ent] into x & get involv$ 9 x1 easily introduces its opposite1 :i* !n aga9 is on its side c>ri$ too f>--or :i* ev51 ?\gh /rictly & lit]ally x be "r en\gh1 is yet ass]t$ ) too little ( limitation1 & appli$ ) unsalut>y rigor4 ,x is1 !re=e1 a lam5table mi/ake if m5 ( great & des]v+ tal5ts1 :o f a sci5tific po9t ( view h devot$ !mselves to ! great task ( morally reg5]at+ ! age1 h adopt$ a too decid$ly polemical t5d5cy4 ,= x is p>tly ?r\gh exclusively foll[+ su* a c\rse t _! influ5ce = good has be5 s n>r[ & limit$1 & has n met ) a m g5]al & m unqualifi$ success4 ,if m5 w\ld only1 fir/ & be=e all ?+s1 endeavor to set =? ) all possible vividness ! intr9sic unity :i* subsi/s betwe5 high] sci5ce ) a div9e fai?1 & develop x = its own sake1 )\t passion or int]e/1 ! fur!r results on life ( appli$ tru? w\ld foll[ spontane\sly4 ,f ?is simple & pure s\rce !y w\ld cont9ue to fl[ 9 ample & wid5+ /reams ov] ! :ole doma9 & all its relations4 ,god is tru?1 & simply on ?is acc\nt ! _s ( tru? 9 a good & true sci5ce mu/ ev5 be div9e4 ,its prop] aim is1 accord+ly1 direct$ to ! div9e2 & on ?is acc\nt !re c n be su* a ?+ z an indiff]5t sci5ce4 ,= e sci5ce :i* is n direct$ to ! div9e is %all[1 sup]ficial1 s5su\sly negative1 & idly rationaliz+4 ,on ?is acc\nt x is false1 & mu/ consequ5tly prove1 9 its ext]nal effects1 no?+ less ?an evil1 injuri\s1 & de/ructive4 ,x is 9 reg>d to all ?is t ,i h class$ sci5ce1 toge!r ) religion & a ,*ri/ianly-regulat$ /ate1 z ! ?ird p[] ( good4 ,al?\gh m]ely intellectual gei/ige1 x is ( great mom5t 9 ! conflict :i* all h to wage aga9/ ! de/ructive pr9ciples :i* s fe>fully m5ace our age4 ,! p[] ( sci5ce1 x is true1 c only produce an effect 9 an intellectual sph]e1 b ?is intellectual sph]e is ( itself ( great influ5ce on e o!r circle ( human op]ation4 ,religion has = its imm$iate object ! s\l & its salvation1 or its union ) ,god2 & ?is is its peculi> region2 b /ill x comes 9 v>i\s ways 9 contact ) ! high] sci5ce1 & p5etrates deeply into actual & also into public life4 ,b x is ! /ate1 z ! organic =m ( ! latt]1 by :i* ! div9e z law1 & z a high] idea ( ju/ice1 modifi$ & complet$ ) t ( clem5cy & equity1 is fir/ introduc$ into reality ( actual & corporeal exi/5ce1 & ?is hi/orical & s5sible _w4 ,b ! /ate itself has no o!r ?an a religi\s f\ndation4 ,x is built ^u religion1 b also requires ! support ( sci5ce4 ,by ! visible relation1 & t p>allel similitude :i* spontane\sly sugge/s itself betwe5 ^! ?ree great moral p[]s 9 public life--philosophy1 religion1 & gov]nm5t--& t orig9al triple pr9ciple ( ! human consci\sness1 z consi/+ ( body1 s\l1 & _s1 z ! simple b fundam5tal idea ( ,*ri/ian philosophy 7h[ev] ! latt] may insi/ on ?is basis 9 confirmation ( its utility 9 liv+ application71 we d n = "o mom5t mean to ma9ta91 or propose1 a total sep>ation or e/rangem5t ( ^! ?ree sph]es4 ,?is w\ld be q unnatural4 ,= 9 a political1 z well z 9 a psy*ological s5se1 ^! ?ree prim>y pr9ciples mu/ co-op]ate & be intimately bl5d$ toge!r to produce a complete & p]fect result 9 ! sph]e ( any "o individually4 ,if1 z we are p]fectly ju/ifi$1 we h be5 consid]+ sci5ce1 at lea/ t :i* is true & div9e1 z a p[] ( a high] k9d1 we mu/ /ill rememb] t x is n s 9 ! same way z religion or gov]nm5t4 ,! latt] re/s on a div9e f\ndation ( et]nal ju/ice2 & !re9 lies ! s\rce ( its vital efficacy4 ,religion is ! legitimate =m ( a liv+ disp5sation ( ! div9e /r5g? & grace4 ,true sci5ce is ! m9d's l(ty pursuit1 9 a ,godw>d direction1 ( p]fect k2 & ?is direction =ms ! *>act]i/ic di/9ction betwe5 x & false sci5ce4 ,9 ! /ate1 9 l mann]1 its l(tie/ "* lies 9 ! sacr$ f\ndation ( ju/ice4 ,x is1 !re=e1 a v wrongful & a mo/ p]nici\s error to look = ! inmo/ ess5ce ( ! /ate1 or ! true s\rce ( political prosp]ity1 9 any ext]nal =m or =mula4 ,= ?is ext]nal =m is 9 _m cases no?+ b ! %ape 9 :i* ! national m9d displays itself--! !at] :i* x erects = its political manife/ations4 ,b1 9 ano!r po9t ( view1 also1 ! =m ( ! /ate is subord9ate to ! ess5ce & its f\ndation ( "r4 ,9 ! legitimate /ate1 an h]$it>y mon>*y1 i4e41 ! act ( cr[n+1 is1 no d\bt1 a v beautiful1 highly significant1 &1 inde$1 an ess5tial sacr$ "r4 ,b1 ) ! exception ( c]ta9 special cases & positive in/itutions 9 "s exi/+ con/itutions1 ! mon>*'s "r is n dep5d5t !reon1 b ev5 be=e ! ano9t+ he is truly & fully a sov]eign4 ,f> diff]5t is ! case1 h[ev]1 :]e ! political au?ority is only delegat$ & vic>i\s1 z ) an ambassador or a pl5ipot5ti>y deput$ to negotiate a peace1 or o!r treaty4 ,= 9 su* cases !re is no au?ority b :at is d]iv$ solely & entirely f ! delegat+ s\rce1 & on ! legal act by :i* ! "r or p[] 0 delegat$4 ,)\t ?is1 x is absolutely null & void4 ,?is rem>k ext5ds to e case & e sph]e ( legitimate transf]5ce ( a high] au?ority1 ev5 ?\gh ! latt] be ( a div9e orig94 ,& x is simply on ?is acc\nt t 9 religion1 z ! prop] sph]e = ! disp5s+ ( div9e /r5g? & grace1 ! =m is s highly important & s ?or\ghly ess5tial--ev5 z mu* s z ! matt] itself--or ! imp>t$ light ( ! _s1 & prop]ly is insep>able f x4 ,! position ( sci5ce is q diff]5t4 ,= ?is re/s on :at is ?or\ghly human & inborn 9 man--! passion ( long+2 :i*1 h[ev]1 if x be ma9ta9$ 9 its purity & p]sev]+ly c>ri$ out1 may1 )\t d\bt1 pass ov] into a div9e pursuit4 ,ev5 ! =m ( communication 9 sci5ce is human ?r\gh\t1 s9ce x employs language z ! intellectual m$ium = sett+ =? ! tru?4 ,if1 !n1 9 ?is high] t5d5cy1 ! full c5t] ( liv+ & div9e tru? be atta9$1 accord+ to man's utmo/ p[]s & ability1 !n1 ev5 "h1 a high] & div9e p[] may1 und\bt$ly1 int]v5e & co-op]ate !re)4 ,b /ill1 = su* a case1 no /rictly-def9$ =m1 or ext]nal sanction & consecration1 exi/s1 & f ! v ess5ce ( ! ?+1 x is n to be look$ =4 ,t :i* is div9e 9 sci5ce mu/1 f its nature1 move freely1 & be devoid ( all su* =ms4 ,z a high] p[]1 x mu/ op]ate imm$iately1 & mu/ seek to e/abli% its own law = itself1 int]m$iate betwe5 religion & ! /ate1 or ev5 9 ea* ( !m alike1 ?\gh /ill 9 a peculi> way ( its own4 ,:]ev] x is g5u9e & unadult]at$1 !n x w 9 no case come into collision ) ! actual laws ei!r ( "o or ( ! o!r1 ev5 because tru? is "o & e :]e ! same4 ,b if sci5ce1 9 its ext]nal =m1 & 9 its social & political exi/5ce1 %\ld become entirely bl5d$ ) religion & ! spiritual class1 be+ conf9$ & re/rict$ !reto1 z 0 ! case ) ! in/itution ( ca/es among ! ,h9doos1 :i* we h already notic$1 & ) ! ,egyptian prie/hood1 !n we mu/ fa9 admit t fre$om1 :i* ! sci5tific _s requires = its gr[? & developm5t 9 ! sph]e assign$ to x1 w\ld be too closely limit$ & *eck$ by n>r[ & p>tial consid]ations4 ,b if1 on ! o!r h&1 x be possible = a false sci5ce to arrogate t spiritual & div9e "r ( free action1 :i*1 unque/ionably1 is 9 a c]ta9 s5se ! pr]ogative ( heav5ly tru? 9 its invisible k+dom1 :i* ! latt] c nei!r misemploy1 nor ev] imp$e 9 its c\rse1 !n su* a supposition w\ld acc\nt = ! preval5ce ( error4 ,x w\ld also1 at ! same "t1 s]ve to illu/rate ! mode by :i* su* a prejudice z ! arrogat$ "r ( an unre/rict$ fre$om ( ?\ght1 or1 r1 ( ! free & un*eck$ communication !re(1 c\ld ev] h /ruck s deep a root 9 ! human m9d4 ,b ?is is a claim :i* we c 9 no way recognize1 or all[1 z really f\nd$ 9 "r & ju/ice4 ,s9ce1 :]ev]1 z is ! case 9 ?is sph]e ( purely intellectual op]ation1 all is imm$iate & )\t a def9ite =m ( ext]nal sanction1 !re any ?+ l "r mu/ at mo/ be indef9ite & individual4 ,x =ms1 p]haps1 "o ( ! mo/ important problems or que/ions ( our day1 :e!r ! entire sph]e ( sci5ce1 ! :ole republic ( lett]s--n only ! m]e elem5t>y in/ruction ( ! s*ools1 b ! :ole doma9 ( education 9 g5]al1 embrac+ "u ! latt] description lit]ature & ! f9e arts--might n1 9 ob$i5ce to ! requisitions ( ! age1 be br\ght into a m organiz$ & well-regulat$ =m4 ,= if ?is 7 possible1 x might be made to approximate m closely to ! o!r great sph]es ( public life 9 religion & ! /ate1 & conf9$ )9 its prop] limits1 accord+ to "s great] & m compreh5sive ideas ?an ^? curr5t among u1 or ?an ^? :i* h come d[n to u f antiquity1 :i* are ei!r defective 9 !mselves1 or else are no long] adapt$ to exi/+ circum/ances4 ,^? :i* ! pres5t age has advanc$1 are1 = ! mo/ "p1 crude & ill-dige/$1 & sc>cely ev] consi/5tly c>ri$ out4 ,b1 aft] hav+ reflect$ = _m a long ye> on ?is "q1 s deeply int]e/+ to myself1 ,i h arriv$ at ! conviction t1 = ! pres5t at lea/1 a radical *ange 9 ?is dep>tm5t w\ld be premature & sc>cely desirable1 z promis+ to af=d no v advantage\s results4 ,e ?+ 9 ?is sph]e is too isolat$2 :atev] is good1 & especially :at is be/1 is too individual & too =mless to all[ ( its be+ z yet1 )\t great difficulty1 r$uc$ 9 all p>ts & 9 e po9t to a firm rule & def9ite %ape4 ,9 all probability1 by attempt+ unseasonably to introduce organic ord] & law1 we %\ld cramp r ?an assi/ & develop ! good4 ,9 ! pres5t *aotic /ate ( sci5ce1 x is only ! vici\s & pr(ane t possesses a sy/ematic coh]5ce4 ,all detrim5tal & dang]\s1 z well z futile & indiff]5t ideas1 mix$ ) a few good & useful ones1 are atomi/ically diffus$ & spread 9 e possible %ape & qu>t]4 ,& if aga9/ ?is b\ndless dissem9ation ( evil ?\ghts--?is elem5t>y decomposition & *emical analysis ( ! human m9d1 & ! :ole body ( human ?\ghts1 a negative b>ri] be set up z a prev5tive measure ( def5se1 & z a tempor>y sub/itute = a bett] & high] /ate ( ?+s1 murmurs & reproa*es imm$iately rise f all sides4 ,b1 tak5 on ! :ole1 & 9 s f> z pr9ciple is involv$1 ^! remon/rances are nei!r j nor well f\nd$4 ,= 9 almo/ e /ate :]e1 ow+ to peculi> circum/ances1 su* precaution>y measures h n be5 tak51 ! mo/ dang]\s disord]s & j>r+ discords h affect$ ! :ole ( public life1 z ! inevitable consequ5ces ( its abs5ce4 ,b let u turn our eyes f ! insignificant controv]sies1 ) its ho/ ( ephem]al publications1 ! int]e/ ( :i* seems little likely to outlive ev5 t ( a daily j\rnal1 & let u look to ! great] & m hi/orical ph5om5a amid !m1 :i*1 9 all probability1 w m>k an epo* 9 ! developm5t ( m9d4 ,f ^! x is di/9ctly app>5t t sci5ce is a real & actual p[]4 ,9 pro( ( ?is fact1 we ne$ only appeal to ! great tal5ts & abilities :i*1 n only 9 rec5t ye>s1 b also ?r\gh\t ! la/ c5tury1 h ex]cis$ 9 ! doma9 ( sci5ce :at1 )\t exagg]ation1 we may well t]m a _w-embrac+ influ5ce4 ,only we mu/ admit t 9 ?is p]iod !y h tak5 m or less a de/ructive t5d5cy1 & "o t ?reat5$ 9 ?is sci5tific burr[+ to und]m9e ! f\ndations ( ev]la/+ tru?4 ,b if we w take a /ill wid] survey1 s z to embrace all ! sev]al p]iods ( ! _w's hi/ory1 & ! c\rse ( ! human m9d !re91 !n1 und\bt$ly1 we may disc]n ! high] might ( div9e tru?1 manife/+ itself z an influ5ce = good1 z a pure & g5u9e spiritual !ocracy ( sci5ce1 to ^: doma9 above all o!rs ! idea ( an imm$iate & high] supremacy ( m9d & div9e p[] is peculi>ly applicable4 ,,lecture ,,xv4 ,,( ,,! ,,true ,,idea ,,( ,a ,,!ocracy2 ,,( ,,! ,,might ,,( ,,sci5ce1 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,f9al ,,re/oration ,,& ,,p]fection ,,( ,,! ,,human ,,consci\sness4 ,! idea :i* ! adv]se p>ty1 or opposition1 9 ! political doma91 & 9 ! sci5tific !ory ( politics1 usually =m ( a !ocracy1 is = ! mo/ "p incorrect4 ,by ! adv]se p>ty ,i mean all ^? :o ei!r op5ly assail1 or privately call 9 "q1 ! religi\s f\ndation1 ! high] sanction1 & ! div9e au?ority ( ! /ate2 9 %ort1 ^? 9 g5]al :o are ho/ile to ! religi\s s5tim5t4 ,! latt] apply ! idea ( !ocracy & employ ! t]m to signify ! rule ( ! spiritual p[]1 su* z ! ,egyptian prie/hood may1 p]haps1 or1 at lea/1 su* z !y suppose !m to h possess$--or a polity :]e ! supreme temporal au?ority works 9 unison ) ! sac]dotal class4 ,& ev5 by ! def5d]s ( ! good cause--by m5 ( high] & bett] pr9ciples1 ! idea is frequ5tly tak5 9 too inaccurate & indef9ite1 n to say incorrect1 a s5se4 ,!y seem to und]/& by x no?+ m ?an ! div9e au?ority ( ! /ate & ( ! ,*ur*1 & _! mutual support & dep5d5ce1 & _! co-op]ation4 ,b no?+ c be m errone\s ?an su* a notion4 ,= ! k+ly dignity1 no less ?an ! prie/ly1 z respects ! div9e au?ority1 :i* is inh]5t 9 bo?1 is n imm$iate1 b vic>i\s & repres5tative4 ,:51 h[ev]1 we turn to its orig9al s\rce--to ! hi/orical basis1 i4e41 to ,*ri/ian revelation1 & d]ive !refrom ! true idea ( a !ocracy1 we %all f9d x to be v diff]5t f ! assumption :i* ea* ( ^! p>ties tacitly advances z self-evid5t4 ,! idea ( a !ocracy c only be prop]ly det]m9$ f ! in/ance ( ! ,jews4 ,! hi/ory ( t nation w n only enable u fully to develop x z an actual =m ( polity1 hav+ an hi/orical orig9 & exi/5ce1 b also 9 ! cle>e/ & readie/ way to illu/rate x4 ,n[ ! passage f revolution1 civil w>1 & an>*y1 to absolute despotism1 9 its g5etic progress1 c be mo/ cle>ly & mo/ pr(itably trac$ 9 ,roman hi/ory4 ,! true nature1 moreov]1 ( ! dynamical polity c be le>n$ f ! hi/orically orig9at$ & hi/orically pres]v$ exemplification ( x 9 ,engl&1 f> bett] ?an f any !ory1 or f any s*eme ( a con/itution prop\nd$ = ! occasion ( "s /ate exp]im5t1 = all su* exp]im5ts require ! la/+ te/ ( a few g5]ations1 or at lea/ ( half a c5tury be=e any decid$ op9ion c be pass$ on _! success & hi/orical p]man5cy4 ,& j 9 ! same way ! peculi> "* & ess5ce ( a !ocracy c be d$uc$ f no s\rce s cle>ly or s fully z f ! ,jewi% hi/ory4 ,or1 r1 ! true idea ( x c be acquir$ f no o!r *annel1 s9ce among ?is p only has a !ocracy ev] exi/$ z a real =m ( national polity4 ,& "h x cont9u$ 9 =ce = ne>ly f\r hundr$ ye>s4 ,h[ev] poor may be ! "p :i* ! p ( ,israel play$ 9 ! great drama ( ! _w's hi/ory1 9 comp>ison ) t ( ! great conqu]+ nations1 ! ,p]sians1 ,greeks1 & ,romans1 /ill ! prophetic p 7^: importance mu/ be s\ght only 9 ?is designation1 or1 9 o!r words1 _! cont9ual relation to ! future71 possesses1 ev5 9 _! peculi> code ( laws & =m ( gov]nm5t1 a rem>kable int]e/ = ! hi/orian4 ,= 9 ! true hi/orical e/imate ( ?+s m]e ext5t ( p[] c n pass = ! exclusive /&>d ( greatness & importance4 ,& ?is has be5 already ! judgm5t ( _m writ]s ( hi/ory1 :o1 z f> z reg>ds ?is p>ticul> subject1 & ! g5]al "q ( religion1 mu/ und\bt$ly be pron\nc$ free f ei!r prepossession or prejudice4 ,! way1 too1 9 :i* ?is anci5t p h surviv$ ! de/ruction ( _! national gov]nm5t1 & = ne>ly two ?\s& ye>s s9ce h uni=mly rema9$ sep>ate f all o!r nations1 has be5 m ?an once confess$ to be a v /rik+ ph5om5on1 unp>allel$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,moses1 f :om t !ocracy fir/ emanat$1 or1 r1 ) :om x comm5c$1 0 n himself ! ,high ,prie/4 ,8 bro!r ,a>on enjoy$ t dignity4 ,he nei!r wi%$ nor _h a title to hold x4 ,he _h no h]$it>y claim to x1 nei!r 0 he elect$ to x by ! p4 ,& yet he /ood 9 no man's place1 nor did he =cibly dispossess any "o ( 8 "r4 ,& s ev51 if = a :ile we dismiss ! !ological view entirely f our reg>d1 &1 =gett+ x = a mom5t1 judge ( ! matt] by ! /ricte/ juri/ic notions1 we c n call him a usurp]1 ev5 9 t s5se ( ! t]m :i* comprises ! demagogue's "*4 ,at an e>li] p]iod ( 8 life1 he appe>$ likely to become a m]e lib]ator 9 ! usual s5se ( ! ^w4 ,9 ?is "*1 h[ev]1 he does n appe> unju/1 ev5 ?\gh he all[$ himself to be hurri$ into an act ( viol5ce aga9/ a petty tyrant among ! oppressors ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,& at a lat] p]iod1 :5 he _h receiv$ 8 call1 we c n 9 8 conduct t[>d ! ,egyptians discov] any trace ( inju/ice1 ev5 judg+ him by ! /ricte/ legal notions4 ,n[1 ! au?ority :i* ,moses ex]cis$ ov] 8 own p1 :ile he l$ !m ?r\gh ! wild]ness1 re/$ on ! imm$iate ex]cise ( ! div9e p[]s :i* 7 l5t to him f above1 & :i* 7 imm$iately ackn[l$g$ z su*1 & n[h]e met ) any consid]able resi/ance4 ,&1 accord+ly1 prop]ly speak+1 no "q 0 ev] rais$ aga9/ a "r :i* 0 bas$ entirely on ^? imp>t$ p[]s1 al?\gh !y 7 totally devoid ( any =mal or di/9ct act ( legal sanction4 ,! (fice he held 0 prophetical4 ,b by ?is t]m ,i d n mean m]ely accord+ to its lat] & m obvi\s mean+1 ! function ( w>n+ or promis+1 ( tea*+ or pr$ict+1 b all ?is1 & some?+ m--a high] & div9e p[]1 :i* vividly & p]suad+ly display$ itself 9 life & de$s4 ,look+ at x 9 a g5]al light1 & z appli$ to a case :i*1 at lea/1 we c ?9k ( z n impossible1 ( ! ,almighty hav+ s5t1 or purpos+ to s5d1 a second ,moses to "s o!r p1 !n ! circum/ance we lately m5tion$1 t ?is ,moses =cibly dispossess$ no "o ( 8 rights1 & _h made no unrighte\s revolution1 mu/ be tak5 into consid]ation1 ev5 if x might n simply by itself s]ve z ! *>act]i/ic or di/9ctive te/ ( ! g5u95ess ( ! vocation 9 "q4 ,= a p[] emanat+ f ,god1 & truly div9e1 w\ld nev] violate or =cibly subv]t any e/abli%$ "r1 :e!r ess5tially sacr$ or hall[$ only by prescription4 ,x w respect ! lea/ privilege ( equals & inf]iors no less ?an ! greate/ pr]ogative ( sup]iors4 ,i h introduc$ ^! rem>ks 9 ord] to det]m9e m precisely ! "r po9t ( view = an hi/orical comp>ison ( ,moses ) e o!r "* t sets himself be=e ! _w 9 ! same light1 :e!r ! p>allel be made ) ,mohamm$1 or t /ill e>li] ,indian ,mohamm$ :o is usually call$ ,buddha1 al?\gh ?is is only an honor>y epi!t1 & n ! "n ( any hi/orical p]son 9 p>ticul>4 ,& ! same /&>d w hold good = our judg+ ( any o!r re=m] ( ! _w :o makes religion ! in/rum5t ( 8 ambition1 to :atev] age he may belong1 or any mod]n ,mohamm$1 9 :atev] "p ( ! _w he may arise4 ,z reg>ds ! religion itself1 or ! matt] ( ! pret5d$ revelation1 !re is ano!r *>act]i/ic m>k by :i* we may di/+ui% a g5u9e f a spuri\s mission f ,god4 ,al?\gh x is bo? ext]nal & negative1 /ill1 z be+ hi/orical1 x des]ves to be "h adduc$4 ,x is ?is3 a g5u9e revelation is1 9 ! doctr9e :i* x promulgates1 at ! same "t bo? old & new4 ,x is new 9 reg>d to its novel application to life & 9 its fulfillm5ts1 & also to its animat+ =ce & spiritual awak5+2 b old 9 s f> z inv>iably ref]r+ to an e>li] revelation & to a /ill old] s\rce ( light1 x rem\nts up to ! pure f\nta9 ( et]nal tru?4 ,& su* is1 ?r\gh\t1 ! case ev5 ) ! ,mosaic revelation4 ,x cont9ually leads ! inquir] back to "s high] & remot] s\rce--"s deep] spr+ ( ev]la/+ light4 ,& on ! same pr9ciple x also has be5 ackn[l$g$ z su* by ! ,*ri/ian or div9e philosophy ( ! ,_s1 & ,moses has be5 recogniz$ & honor$ f all "t z its f\nd]4 ,9 ! doma9 ( religion1 to be absolutely new is equival5t ) be+ false or gr\ndless1 namely1 totally deta*$ f ! old & ev]la/+ f\ndations1 )\t connection !re)1 &1 consequ5tly1 isolat$ & arbitr>y4 ,9 ref]5ce to1 & z contra/$ )1 ! above *>act]i/ics ( g5u9e revelation1 !re is = ! mo/ "p 9 sy/ems ( impo/ure z little really new z actually old4 ,?is is especially ! case ) ! doctr9e & ,koran ( ,mohamm$1 h[ev] mu* x may h be5 laud$ = its poetry1 or on acc\nt ( ! rhetorical art & vigor :i* x displays4 ,its subject-matt] & doctr9es are n really new1 s9ce !y are b reca/s ( ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian ideas1 :i* x has freely borr[$1 mix+ !m toge!r & adapt+ !m to an obvi\s end & design2 & yet n old1 s9ce x does n g back f> en\gh or deep en\gh1 & nev] rem\nts to ! fir/ beg9n+ ( nature & ( man1 f> less to ! ?reefold f\nta9 ( div9e life4 ,n[1 ) respect to ,moses3 an hi/orical judge ( ! ord9>y k9d1 :o c\ld n ent] into ! religi\s view ( 8 "* & (fice1 might say1 8,?is is q a /range _w to u1 a v remote p]iod2 mu* is !re 9 ?is hi/ory difficult to expla9 & extremely obscure4 ,?is mu*1 h[ev]1 seems to foll[ f ! :ole hi/ory3 ! man possess$ extraord9>y m5tal p[]s = 8 times1 & an equally uncommon /r5g? ( "*2 no wond]1 !n1 if he bore d[n all ob/acles1 & by ! =ce ( g5ius c>ri$ e ?+ be=e him40 ,su* an e/imate1 h[ev]1 r$uces e ?+ to ! =ce ( g5ius 9 an h]oic "*1 in/ead ( a high] & imm$iate op]ation ( div9e p[] & ! prophetic (fice f\nd$ !reon4 ,sup]ficially judg+ ?is false view1 elud+1 or1 r1 p]v]t+1 ! div9e illum9ation1 admits ( an application1 ?\gh delusive & speci\s en\gh1 to ,moses1 on acc\nt ( ^? ample p[]s ( g5ius :i*1 no d\bt1 he possess$1 or ev5 on acc\nt ( ! sublimity ( 8 /yle1 :i* ! v hea!ns c\ld appreciate & admire4 ,/ill1 x is 9 no way applicable to t l9e ( m51 = ! mo/ "p ( ! v simple/ "*1 :o succe$$ him1 & dur+ ! p]iod ( ! !ocracy d[n to ! "t ( ! k+s1 held :at 0 imm$iately a div9e or prophetic rule4 ,x 0 n by any h]$it>y title or =mal *oice t !y rul$2 nei!r 7 !y prie/s any m ?an ,moses4 ,call$ imm$iately by ,god to ! dignity ( judge1 !y sudd5ly /ood be=e ! p1 to be in/antly & )\t opposition ackn[l$g$1 & !reupon _! mission & au?ority 7 at once e/abli%$1 )\t any ext]nal sanction or solemnities1 or any =m ( legal recognition4 ,! g5]al condition ( ! ,jewi% p "u ! ,judges 0 t ( a noble & n unciviliz$ nomadic race4 ,we mu/ n conf\nd ?is description1 h[ev]1 ) ! s-call$ natural /ate ( a wild & b>b>\s p1 b r ?9k ( x z resembl+ t ( ! ,arabians g5]ally be=e ! "t ( ,mohamm$1 or ( a few tribes /ill subsi/+ 9 ! mo/ retir$ p>ts ( ,arabia1 :]e1 "u _! mo/ di/+ui%$ lead]s1 z %eph]d pr9ces !y lead a rov+ life ( h]$it>y fre$om4 ,simil>1 or at lea/ n v diff]5t1 0 ! mode ( life & /ate ( society t prevail$ among ! ,hebrews 9 ! int]regnums :i* occur 9 ?is long p]iod ( ! ,judges4 ,t[>d ! close ( ?is p]iod1 judges fir/ arise :o are inve/$ ) ! prie/ly z well z ! judicial dignity4 ,^! =m1 accord+ly1 ! transition to ! regal gov]nm5t & ! epo* ( ! k+s4 ,= :5 ! p at la/ dem&$ a k+ to rule ov] !m1 l ! neighbor+ ,g5tiles1 e sanction t c\ld exalt1 & e sac]dotal inauguration t c\ld be ?\ght (1 0 conf]r$ ^u ! appo9t$ tribe & ! k+ly h\se4 ,b at ! same "t ! prie/ly dignity 0 gu>d$ /rictly & jeal\sly f encroa*m5t1 & ! temporal p[] 0 rigor\sly kept free f all union & confusion ) ! sac]dotal au?ority4 ,b t wild & tumultu\s dem& ( ! p1 or1 ,i %\ld say1 ( public op9ion1 :i* at t "t 0 9 favor ( a mon>* ) ! same pomp & spl5dor z ! ,g5tile sov]eigns display$1 z 9 m mod]n times x directs itself to ! no less hea!ni% attraction ( lib]ty1 0 imput$ to !m & depict$ z a griev\s fall & religi\s infidelity4 ,= 9 ! previ\s times ( ! direct !ocracy1 ,jehovah ,himself _h be5 _! true b invisible k+1 :ile1 z is expressly ass]t$1 ! judges & lead]s 7 only ,8 embassadors or pl5ipot5ti>ies4 ,"u ! fir/ k+s we may disc]n1 9 ! hi/orical description ( ! sacr$ books1 _m traces ( t high] p[]1 & its imm$iate ex]cise & effects4 ,subsequ5tly1 h[ev]1 x totally disappe>s2 & aft] ! division ( ! two k+doms1 ! contra/ 9 ! p]sonal p[]s & "* ( ! lat] sov]eigns1 & ! consequ5t =tunes ( ! p1 s accordant ) ! political hi/ory ( o!r ,asiatic c\ntries1 becomes mo/ decid$4 ,! prec$+ rem>ks w1 ,i hope1 be suffici5t to ?r[ out1 9 p]fect di/9ctness1 ! true idea ( a !ocracy1 su* z x has be5 hi/orically develop$4 ,= inasmu* z 9 ! pres5t age1 & amid ! p>ty disputes :i* m>k x1 ?is idea has be5 employ$ 9 s _m v>i\s acceptations1 & mo/ly 9 a false or p>tial s5se1 ,i ?\ght x exp$i5t1 9 ! pres5t place1 n to omit to sift ! "q to ! utmo/4 ,n[1 9 a v rem>kable mann]1 a s+le elem5t1 f ! e>li] & orig9al !ocracy ( ! old5 "t1 /ill surviv$ among ! ,jews 9 ! p]iod ( ! mon>*y4 ,x =m$ no long] inde$ ! supreme p[] ( ! /ate1 = ?is 0 held by ! k+s1 b con/itut$ =mally & av[$ly an antagonism to !m1 z a well-def9$ opposition1 :i*1 s long z x conf9$ itself )9 its due limits1 0 altoge!r righte\s & ju/ifiable1 & :i* we may ju/ly designate z legitimate & div9e4 ,9 ?is light we mu/ view ! position ( ! lat] prophets1 :o1 )\t1 h[ev]1 be+ inve/$ ) any special political dignity or p[]1 d>$ to raise1 be=e a vici\s gov]nm5t--or1 s9ce 9 ^? simple days ( old e ?+ 0 m or less p]sonal--be=e a wick$ k+ :o _h =gott5 8 high vocation1 ! voice ( w>n+ or d5unciation4 ,?is peculi> =m ( a political opposition1 &1 z su*1 recogniz$ to be legitimate & all[able1 ?is remnant ( ! once exclusive !ocracy & a complete supremacy ( ! prophets1 :i* /ill surviv$ 9 ! "t ( ! k+s1 =ms a ph5om5on z highly rem>kable z x is s+ul> 9 its k9d4 ,& ^? :o h no admiration b = opposition1 might1 p]haps1 if !y c\ld dis5tangle !mselves f ! =ms ( _! own days1 or ! notions imbib$ at s*ool1 f9d "h an object altoge!r wor?y ( _! praise4 ,!y might probably f9d ! duties ( an uncompromis+ & yet ju/ifiable & lawful opposition to ! /ate dis*>g$ by an ,elijah ) equal1 if n great] intellig5ce1 /r5g? ( m9d1 & en]gy ( "*1 z well z s5se ( ju/ice1 z by ! ,ephori 9 ,sp>ta1 or a ,demo/h5es 9 ,a!ns dur+ ! ,mac$onian asc5d5cy1 or by ! mo/ virtu\s ( ! c5sors1 & ! mo/ upright ( ! tribunes ( ! p 9 old ,rome2 or ev5 by ! p>liam5t ( ,engl&4 ,x 0 only 9 ! la/ p]iod ( ! total decl9e ( ! ,israeliti% nation1 & %ortly be=e & dur+ ! fir/ days ( ! ,roman dom9ion1 t ! regal dignity & ! (fice ( ,high ,prie/ 7 unit$ 9 "o family 7= ev5 "h !y 7 n inv>iably associat$ 9 ! same p]son71 9 su* a mann] z to correspond ) ! notion t is at pres5t usually und]/ood by ! t]m !ocracy4 ,f> o!rwise1 h[ev]1 0 x1 9 ?is respect1 ) ! ,*ri/ian _w4 ,! fir/ apo/olical prea*]s ( ! new doctr9e ( grace & f\nd]s ( an era :i* 0 truly1 & 9 a div9e s5se1 new1 und\bt$ly did n possess less ( t imm$iate miracul\s p[] ?an ev5 a ,moses or an ,elijah4 ,b ! only use !y made ( x 0 to promote ! diffusion & to set =? ! glory ( religion4 ,once only did ! fir/ ( ! ,apo/les1 = ! sake ( pres]v+ ! hi]>*ical au?ority1 & ! purity ( ! community :i* pr(ess$ to give up itself & all t x _h to ,god1 make a retributive use ( ! div9e au?ority committ$ to him4 ,he :o = ! love ( money 0 false to ! cause ( ,god & ( tru?1 0 /ruck dead by ! av5g+ glance ( him :o 9 w 0 unit$ ) ,god z ! ev]la/+ ,judge4 ,nev] did ! ,apo/les employ _! p[] aga9/ ! /ate1 or avail !mselves ( x 9 opposition to its decrees4 ,& yet ! despotic measures ( ! ,roman ,gov]nm5t t[>d ! degrad$ nation x _h br\ght1 by =ce ( arms1 "u its oppressive yoke1 might seem1 at lea/1 to ju/ify su* an int]f]5ce ) its unlawful usurpation4 ,n ev5 9 self-def5se1 or to escape f afflictions or bonds1 did !y once employ ! !ocratic p[]s committ$ to !m4 ,! idea ( a !ocracy :i* is ent]ta9$ 9 ! pres5t day is s loose & %ift+1 & its application g5]ally s errone\s1 t x is necess>y to %[1 at l5g?1 h[ little ! common views ( x are f\nd$ on tru?4 ,!re exi/s no f\ndation = !m 9 ! view or !ory ( a ,*ri/ian /ate 9 its fir/ & simple orig94 ,& z little is x ! case ) ! succe$+ epo*s ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,su* extraord9>y p[]s1 z 7 manife/$ f "t to "t & intru/$ to p>ticul> individuals1 h ev] be5 employ$ = ! diffusion ( ! fai?1 its int]nal developm5t1 or to glorify x be=e unbeliev]s1 or = a new confirmation ( old tru?s1 b nev] = ! purpose ( f\nd+ a temporal p[] or political influ5ce4 ,! true !ocracy1 h[ev]1 su* z x has actually manife/$ itself1 does n dep5d on any p>ticul> !ory1 b1 z an imm$iate p[] & au?ority f ,god1 is regulat$ by ! div9e w alone4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 be precipitate1 if judg+ ( x1 priori1 by any arbitr>y pr9ciple1 we %\ld unconditionally pron\nce its recurr5ce to be impossible4 ,g5]ally1 ! wond] ( a !ocracy mu/ be judg$ ( hi/orically 9 ! light 9 :i* its own hi/ory exhibits x4 ,a m]e !ory c lead u to no /able det]m9ation reg>d+ x4 ,! foll[+ seems its relation to ! natural hi/ory ( man1 or1 ev51 we may say1 to ! usual c\rse ( ext]nal nature4 ,view$ g5]ally1 & 9 its pr9ciple1 :atev] is1 comes f ,god1 z its fir/ cause4 ,! p]mission ( evil1 h[ev]1 :e!r 9 ! realm ( nature or ( humanity1 :51 aft] _! fir/ div9e impulse1 !y are left = a "t to pursue _! own c\rse ( int]nal developm5t1 is cle>ly some?+ ( ano!r & peculi> k9d4 ,peculi>1 too1 are ! high] au?orities :i* exi/ 9 ! latt]1 & :i* are ultimately f\nd$ on a div9e law & "r1 & some:at diff]5t is ! case ) _! imm$iate div9e op]ation & miracul\s ag5cy4 ,z1 !re=e1 ! c\rse ( ! _w1 on ! :ole1 is natural1 & :atev] transc5ds x z a s+ul> or r>e exception1 does b int]rupt ! regul>ity ( ! ord9>y laws ( nature2 s1 too1 ! c\rse ( univ]sal hi/ory1 9 ord9>y times1 is agreeable to man's nature1 z regulat$ & modifi$ simply by hi/orical circum/ances4 ,at mo/ a few !ocratical junctures1 a few em95t mom5ts ( a m div9e work+ & developm5t ( p[]1 may be notic$ at di/ant int]vals4 ,& ^! gr& & pregnant epo*s1 9 :i* all ! exi/+ relations ( ! _w assume a new & unexpect$ =m1 are g5]ally1 9 ! fir/ mom5t ( its triumphant result1 or sc>cely-hop$-= emancipation1 rightly & ?ankfully reg>d$ & ackn[l$g$ z int]v5tions ( a high] & a div9e ag5cy2 ?\gh1 alas1 ! en?usiasm ( man's gratitude to ,god1 ev5 :5 x does take a pass+ hold on man's he>t1 is wont to evaporate1 ev5 m rapidly ?an any o!r ( 8 ard5t feel+s4 ,our own age has af=d$ a v rem>kable in/ance ( ?is k9d4 ,to ?is x is suffici5t to allude1 )\t ent]+ into any fur!r disquisition conc]n+ x4 ,b x is n only 9 su* wond]ful *anges = good or happy deliv]ances f ! p[] ( evil t ^! rem>kable div9e mom5ts or !ocratic junctures ann\nce !mselves 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,we may ev5 recognize !m 9 e comm5cem5t ( a truly new era 9 hi/ory1 :i*1 9 ! favorable crisis1 is sudd5ly & triumphantly effect$ by a "s high] impulse & div9ely-imp>t$ p[]4 ,_m in/ances ( ! k9d might easily be adduc$ if ?is 7 ! prop] place = x1 or "t all[$4 ,! fir/ triumph ( ! ,cross & ,*ri/ianity t 0 public & ext5d$ to ! :ole _w1 "u ,con/ant9e ! ,great1 belongs to ?is class4 ,z a second in/ance1 ,i w\ld m5tion t beg9n+ ( ! ,*ri/ian ,empire 9 ! ,we/ "u ,*>lemagne1 :i* 0 aft]w>d to receive s happy a developm5t4 ,sup]ficial inquir]s1 :o judge by ! m5tal ext]nal color+1 are 9 dang] ( conf\nd+ ^! creative beg9n+s--^! turn+-po9ts ( a high] int]v5tion--) ! ord9>y ev5t ( a revolution1 or ! rapid & decisive /ep ( en]getic usurpation4 ,b to ! eye ( pati5t obs]vation & deep p5etration !y are di/+ui%$ f ! latt] by _! pr(\nd hi/orical causes & _! att5dant circum/ances1 & by a peculi> /amp ( purity & gr&eur4 ,9 %ort1 9 _! ess5ce !y are entirely diff]5t4 ,^! obs]vations mu/ h made x evid5t 9 :at s5se ,i spoke ( a !ocracy ( sci5ce4 ,! p[] ( tru? 9 t good sci5ce :i* is direct$ t[>d ,god1 is 9 its influ5ce ( a l(ty & ev5 div9e nature4 ,b x is ?is simply1 9 its imm$iate en]gy ( op]ation1 )\t dep5d+ on any ext]nal sanction1 or ev5 =m !re(4 ,9 ! same way error also1 9 its evil effects1 is mo/ unque/ionably1 & 9 ! fulle/ s5se ( ! t]m1 a p[]2 & t n m]ely 9 a s5su\s & mat]iali/ic1 or relatively to ! m9d 9 a purely negative s5se1 b a demoniacal p[] ( evil ) a mo/ emb>rass+ & p]v]t+ influ5ce1 su* z x has be5 (t5 & 9 our own times mo/ und5iably ex]cis$4 ,! great degree 9 :i* sci5ce actually manife/s itself z a p[] is n app>5t s long z we limit our consid]ation to ! hi/ory ( ! human intellect 9 our own circle ( obs]vation & ! ord9>y sph]e ( ,european civilization4 ,among ! ,greeks1 = example1 rhetoric became ! m]e slave ( an extremely corrupt gov]nm5t1 & foll[$ x 9 all its disord]s4 ,poetry1 inde$1 0 ! h&maid ( ! hea!n wor%ip & its religi\s leg5ds2 b /ill1 z be+ an art & ! sport ( fantasy1 x mov$ ) a consid]able degree ( fre$om4 ,accord+ly1 9 ! be/ & pure/ & greate/ ( ! poets ( antiquity1 a pr(\nd & significant symbolism ( life lies "u1 & occasionally appe>s on1 ! surface ( _! works1 :i*1 z consid]$ f a "r po9t ( view & 9 a lib]al _s1 is nei!r totally repugnant nor directly oppos$ to a high]1 or ev5 ! highe/1 i4e41 ,*ri/ian tru?4 ,b /ill su* notes ( a div9ely-inspir$ feel+1 :i* 9 ! inspiration atta9s to a cle>] p]ception ( ! div9e nature1 is v f> f am\nt+ to ! p[] ( an idea1 & its actually & det]m9+ influ5ce on life4 ,! philosophy & sci5ce ( ! ,greeks1 f its beg9n+ to its close1 /ood 9 decid$ opposition bo? to ! popul> religion & to ! /ate4 ,accord+ly1 !y ei!r ex]cis$ no influ5ce at all on life1 or1 at lea/1 no unconte/$ "o4 ,at any rate1 _! effects 7 v trivial4 ,all t c be ju/ly said ( ! subject ( ,grecian sci5ce or ! ideas ( ! ,greeks applies1 ) a slight modification & 9 a less g5]al s5se1 to ^? ( ! ,romans4 ,! rem>ks we made above on anci5t art & poetry hold good1 ?\gh 9 a some:at diff]5t application1 ( ! romantic portion ( ! middle ages1 its leg5ds1 namely1 & poetic fictions4 ,h[ev] important ! nobl] aim :i* fancy "h pursu$ to influ5ce morals & life1 /ill ! idea ( ! p[] ( sci5ce c sc>cely come 9 "h4 ,z = sci5ce itself1 ! m$ieval m9d 0 divid$ 9 its pursuit ( x4 ,on "o h& !re prevail$ a /rong desire aft] :at 0 =bidd5--or at lea/ 0 suppos$ to be =bidd5--! old hea!n philosophy2 on ! o!r1 z soon z x appe>$ impossible to get rid ( x altoge!r1 an anxi\s endeavor to come to an equitable compromise ) x1 or at lea/ to make a rationally ,*ri/ian application ( x1 & especially ( ,ari/otle1 :o1 9 ! judgm5t ( ^? days1 rul$ z supreme mon>* ov] all ! sci5ces4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 & conf9$ by ^! *a9s ( au?ority1 x 0 impossible = ,*ri/ian sci5ce to put =? its full p[] & might1 or to ex]cise any mat]ial influ5ce on ! age or on life4 ,on ! contr>y1 agreeably ) ! v pr9ciple ( ! ,*ri/ian life1 ! latt] %[s itself only 9 writ]s l ,/4 ,b]n>d1 :o did n belong to ! s*oolm54 ,= 9 ! g5u9e s*ola/ic philosophy1 z hav+ its orig9 9 a p]fectly hea!n dialectic1 nei!r ! me?od nor ! =ms ( ?\ght c\ld be purely ,*ri/ian4 ,h[ great ! p[] ( sci5ce has %[n itself )9 ! la/ c5tury1 & especially 9 our own age1 is a frequ5t topic ( rem>k4 ,& at ! same "t ! fact has n be5 ov]look$1 t ?is p[] has gradually assum$ a m p]nici\s direction1 or at lea/ has become involv$ 9 a great & viol5t /ruggle1 :i* z yet is undecid$1 betwe5 a de/ructive t5d5cy ( m9d & ! p[] ( goodness & tru? ex]t+ itself 9 an ef=t ( re/oration4 ,& x is1 p]haps1 only to ! latt]1 9 its conflict ) ! evil pr9ciple ( unbelief & ! d5ial ( all t is div9e1 t ! idea ( a !ocracy ( sci5ce & su* a high] p[] ( tru? is really applicable4 ,= ?is alone seems likely to secure to x ! victory 9 ?is conte/1 :i*1 s f> z numb]s are conc]n$1 is mo/ unequal4 ,if1 n[1 we turn our looks to a m di/ant po9t1 & take into consid]ation ! old] ,asiatic nations1 ?\gh *iefly & 9 g5]ally ) respect to ! religi\s aspect ( _! sci5ce & sci5tific monum5ts1 "h1 m ?an else:]e1 we %all meet ) mu* t corresponds ) ?is idea1 & has on its front a /rong !ocratical impress & signature4 ,x w1 !re=e1 pre-em95tly s]ve to elucidate ?is idea4 ,! :ole edifice ( sci5tific ?\ght among ! ,h9doos1 ?\gh 9 its =m ( sacr$ laws1 sy/ems1 & au!ntic comm5t>ies !reon--( hi/ory1 leg5ds & poetry1 x is n less ri* & div]sifi$ ?an ! lit]ature & philosophy ( ! ,greeks1 =ms1 nev]!less1 a :ole :]e e "p is ( "o piece & "o mold4 ,9 all its manifold =ms1 x re/s & is support$ on ! same f\ndation1 :i* is reg>d$ & v5]at$ z div9e4 ,& !re9 lies ! secret ( its incalculable p[]1 to :i* x owes its un%ak5 /ability ?r\gh s _m t5s ( c5turies1 z well z its great influ5ce on ! :ole ( ,indian life1 :i* has d]iv$ f x its un*ang+ =m & duration1 s t we might almo/ say1 ,"h has sci5ce1 or at lea/ ?is elevat$ sy/em ( ?\ght1 become ! animat+ pr9ciple ( life & a second nature4 ,to ! _m & great errors :i* are mix$ up ) ! ,indian sy/em ( fai? & ?\ght1 ,i am n dispos$ to ascribe ?is inde/ructible pr9ciple ( vitality & p]man5t influ5ce on life4 ,at lea/1 if some?+ mu/ be ascrib$ to ?is s\rce1 a va/ deal m mu/ be assign$ to ! influ5ce ( ! tru? t is also conta9$ 9 x1 & :i*1 ?\gh v>i\sly adult]at$ & falsifi$1 /ill1 9 its lead+ features1 has be5 di/9ctly pres]v$ f ! sacr$ traditions ( primeval times & ! fir/ prog5itors ( ! nation4 ,& yet ev5 "h1 9 ?is edifice1 o!rwise s uni=m1 _m a book & _m a sy/em has be5 introduc$ f ! opposition1 ev5 ?\gh ! latt] ex]t$ its antagoni/ic pr9ciple f> m weakly & f> less p]t9aci\sly "h ?an among ! ,greeks1 or on any o!r doma9 ( ! ,european m9d4 ,= x 0 *iefly 9 ! s\!a/]n p59sula t ! f\nd] ( t purely intellectual & ideal1 b yet demoniacal & !re=e truly anti-,*ri/ian sect ( philosophy & religion1 :o liv$ ab\t z _m c5turies be=e ! ,*ri/ian epo* z ,mohamm$ aft] x1 & ^: foll[]s1 numb]+ ne>ly a ?ird ( ! :ole population ( ! _w1 spread ov] ! s\!a/ ( ,asia1 & ,t>t>y1 & ,*9a1 f\nd adh]5ts 9 ,india4 ,/ill ! old & prop] ,india did n rema9 totally free f ! p]nici\s t5ets ( ,buddhism1 :i*1 ( all religi\s or philosophical sects & errors1 is ! mo/ fatal & de/ructive t ev] has be5 or ev] w be4 ,let u n[ glance at ! sacr$ writ+s ( ! ,jews1 ?\gh n1 inde$1 9 s f> z !y are to be reg>d$ z ! div9e law ( fai? = t nation1 & = all o!rs :o %\ld come 9 ! future & latt] times ( ,*ri/ianity 7a law1 we mu/ obs]ve1 :i* is express$ 9 a language s ?or\ghly individual1 & 9 s national a _s1 t x (t5 becomes !reby highly obscure & difficult to und]/&71 nor1 inde$1 g5]ally 9 a !ological light4 ,= o!rwise ! example we h *os5 = ! illu/ration ( ! !ocracy ( sci5ce w\ld be id5tical ) ! matt] x 0 int5d$ to illu/rate4 ,we mu/ "h consid] x simply z ! writt5 record ( ! orig9 & desc5t ( ! nation1 bo? 9 its legal & hi/orical exi/5ce1 comb9+ !re) its di/ant promises & expectations ( ! future--9 %ort1 z ! hi/ory1 poetry1 lit]ature1 political in/itutions & hopes ( ?is s+ul> p4 ,view+ x1 !n1 9 ?is light1 m]ely 9 its human1 national1 & hi/orical aspect1 its firm & la/+ impression on ! ,jewi% m9d1 & its inde/ructible effects1 :i* survive all ! *anges ( "t1 =m a mo/ rem>kable ph5om5on4 ,= by means ( x ?is anci5t p1 s miracul\sly scatt]$ among all ! nations ( ! _w1 is to ?is day--?ree-&-?irty c5turies f ! orig9al composition ( its fir/ sacr$ books--/ill "o1 amid all its disp]sion1 &1 we might almo/ add1 ev5 9 spite ( its half unbelief 9 itself4 ,9 mod]n hi/ory1 :i* comm5ces ) ! second epo* ( revelation1 ! f\r holy ,gospels1 ) v>i\s didactic epi/les1 & ! great prophetic book at ! close ( all1 =ms ! deep focus ( illum9ation1 to :i*1 h[ev]1 ,i d n n[ imm$iately ref]1 le/1 z ,i obs]v$ 9 a =m] case1 ! illu/ration & ! illu/rat$ matt] %\ld prove id5tical4 ,out ( ?is fir/ g]m ( light1 z x 0 c>ri$ =w>d 9 a liv+ transmission ?r\gh ! fir/ five or six c5turies1 0 gradually rais$ an edifice ( ,*ri/ian sci5ce & ?\ght4 ,a new lit]ature 0 =m$ 9 e bran* ( doctr9e or hi/ory1 ( eloqu5ce or controv]sy1 :i*1 compos$ 9 ! two highly-cultivat$ languages ( classical antiquity1 has ex]cis$ ! greate/ possible influ5ce n only on ! succe$+ g5]ation1 b on all subsequ5t times4 ,occasionally1 no d\bt1 & especially 9 ! e>li] c5turies1 a deviation f1 or1 r1 opposition to1 ! prevail+ sy/em1 :e!r z private op9ion or positive error1 intrud$ itself into ! mid/4 ,/ill1 not)/&+ ^! little discords1 sc>ce p]ceptible 9 ! entire mass1 ! :ole =ms1 z a sy/em ( ?\ght1 an intellectual p[] ^: effects h be5 s great t its au?ors1 or1 r1 its spokesm51 h ) p]fect ju/ice be5 /yl$ ! ,fa!rs or ! e>?ly creators & f\nd]s ( ! ,*ur*1 i4e41 ( ?is new era & ( ! tru? :i* is transmitt$ 9 x1 )\t *ange1 inde$1 b ) a /ream :i* wid5s z x fl[s4 ,i h *os5 all ^! examples f well-kn[n matt]s1 9 ord] to direct y\r att5tion to ! fact t ! idea we h advanc$ ( a !ocracy ( sci5ce1 or a div9e p[] ( tru? !re91 does n dep5d = its f9al triumph & ! total ext9ction ( error on any individual =ce ( g5ius1 h[ev] great1 b on a common & jo9t op]ation ( a sy/em ( =ces--on a va/ & compreh5sive edifice ( ?\ght1 v>i\s inde$ 9 its composition & m5tal "* & =m ( expression1 b /ill p]fectly h>moniz+ z a :ole4 ,"o ?+1 h[ev]1 is indisp5sable--a div9e t5d5cy mu/ pr$om9ate 9 x4 ,! f\ndation on :i* x re/s & is support$ mu/ be div9e4 ,! "o ray ( light1 ev5 ?\gh 9 itself x be ev] s pure & bright1 & truly des]ve to be t]m$ div9e--"o /roke ( ! sword1 ?\gh ev] s %>ply & ke5ly /ruck--! "o conf9+ limit1 ?\gh set up & ma9ta9$ by ev] s compreh5sive an intellig5ce 7:i* t]m ,i use to convey some?+ m ?an m]e prud5ce7--all ^! w avail no?+ aga9/ ?is new flood ( error & infidelity1 & ( ,godless ideas--?\ghts1 t is1 :i* are entirely )\t ,god1 & mak+ no ref]5ce to ,him1 proce$ f impi\s & demoniacal delusion4 ,aga9/ ! inroad ( a!ism1 :i* is ?reat5+ life on all sides1 ! div9e might or !ocracy ( true sci5ce c alone furni% a def5se4 ,x c only raise a new ark to save ! age f p]i%+ 9 ! flood ( spiritual wick$ness4 ,b ) ?is view ! mo/ ess5tial po9t is ! build+ ( a consi/5t & compact :ole1 :ile ^? :o wi% to co-op]ate 9 ! good "w mu/1 l ! build] ( ! anci5t ark1 h _! reg>ds turn$ *iefly to ! future1 look+ f> beyond ! pres5t1 & its m9ute & frequ5tly mo/ trifl+ controv]sies4 ,?is true !ocracy ( sci5ce1 re/+ on a div9e t5d5cy 9 man1 :i*1 ?\gh x is inborn1 is seldom f\nd pure1 & /ill m r>ely reta9s its purity to ! end1 mu/ look to ! /ate to secure its ext]nal /ability & unimp$$ action4 ,to ?is end x is necess>y1 h[ev]1 t ! /ate %\ld und]/& & recognize its own div9e f\ndation1 & look to t heav5ly grace & /r5g? :i* religion alone v\*safes to x z ! true s\rce ( its vitality & p]man5ce4 ,individuals c at mo/ d no?+ m ?an co-op]ate 9 br++ ab\t ?is desirable consummation4 ,!y mu/ n attempt to g beyond ! true relation ( ?is co-op]ative "*4 ,! mov+ p[] mu/ come f above2 x mu/ proce$ f ! f\nta9 ( all goodness & all tru?4 ,philosophically view$1 inde$1 sci5ce & its div9e t5d5cy re/s on ! good & g5u9e aspirations ( ! human consci\sness4 ,& x is only by ! re/oration ( man's m9d to ! p]fection 9 :i* x orig9ally came f ! ,creator's h&s t sci5ce c atta9 to its p]fect /ate4 ,n[ t ! consci\sness 9 its pres5t /ate is imp]fect--or1 r1 t z comp>$ ) its condition :51 9 ! fir/ fre% en]gy ( life & 9 full & unimp$$ action1 x came imm$iately f ! ,creator1 x is no long] uncorrupt1 unconfus$1 or unimpair$1 z x 0 almo/ our op5+ rem>k1 s x has be5 kept 9 view ?r\gh\t ! pres5t s]ies ( ,lectures4 ,! mo/ natural conclusion ( our labors1 !re=e1 is to consid] ! possibility ( re/or+ x to its orig9al div9e p]fection1 z be+ ! only me?od :i* c secure to sci5ce a /able f\ndation & enable its ,godw>d t5d5cy to atta9 its prop] end4 ,9 a cold1 dead1 & ab/ract und]/&+--9 a passionately bl9d & absolute w--9 a reason :i* loses itself 9 dialectical disputes or amuses itself ) dynamical !ories1 &1 consequ5tly1 nev] rea*es its true object--9 a fancy :i* is ev] long+ aft] & pursu+ its own imag9ations1 liv+ on & lo/ 9 a dreamy & imag9>y _w ( its own--9 ^! sev]ally faulty =ms ( ! human consci\sness1 z corrupt$ by ! influ5ce ( s91 & ! consequ5ces ( ! ,fall 7ev5 ?\gh ! objects ( ?is vitiat$ ?\ght & w may1 9 !mselves1 appe> p]fectly innoc5t1 indiff]5t1 unselfi%1 & ev5 intellectual71 lies ! orig9al f\nta9 ( all p]v]t$ & deadly ?9k+4 ,! s\l1 9 ! c5t] ( ?is f\rfold s\rce ( false cogitation & false volition1 is torn & di/ract$ _m ways1 imp$$1 &1 z x 71 crippl$ & dead5$4 ,b /ill x rema9s et]nal & immortal4 ,accord+ly1 ! s\l mu/ be ! po9t f :i* ! re/oration & reawak5+ ( life mu/ proce$4 ,b ?is re/oration ( ! human consci\sness to p]fection is to be call$ div9e1 on ?is acc\nt1 because x c only be rea*$ by ! s\l atta*+ itself exclusively to :at we =m]ly call$ ! second new & div9e />t+-po9t ( human exi/5ce4 ,= ! m t ! s\l1 creat$ = immortality & lov+1 & 9 love embrac+ t :i* is 9 itself immortal1 adopts ?is great & new ^w = man1 ?is second beg9n+ 9 ,god1 & is impregnat$ ) x1 9 ! same degree d reason & fancy cease to be at issue ) ea* o!r & to be indep5d5t1 isolat$1 & cla%+ faculties2 &1 f9ally1 !y become altoge!r m]g$ 9 ! "o ?9k+ & lov+ s\l4 ,!n1 too1 does ! s\l cease to be dead1 cold1 & ab/ract1 & becomes1 in/ead1 a liv+ & wakeful _s1 i4e41 "o :i* 9 its new life works freely & en]getically4 ,& ! w1 too1 is no long] bl9d1 no long] passionately absolute2 b1 re/or$ to sight1 becomes "o ) ! int]nal s5se1 z ! ?ird memb] ( ! human consci\sness4 ,& by ?is union ! w is1 z x 71 fully arm$ & equipp$4 ,= ! ext]nal s5se1 :i* hi!rto has be5 ?or\ghly passive1 z soon z ! w is re/or$ to sight1 assumes by its means an active & liv+ op]ation2 & ! inn] moral s5se1 :i* be=e 0 m]ely subjective1 acquires a p[] ( ext]nal disc]nm5t4 ,?is is ! end ( p]fection4 ,& x is only on ?is road ( a div9e re/oration ( ! human consci\sness1 accord+ to its e/abli%$ law ( progress1 t ! div9e t5d5cy ( sci5ce c atta9 to p]fection4 ,) ! atta9m5t ( ?is end an entirely new era w comm5ce4 ,b ! intricacy ( ! problem :i* our own age has to solve arises simply f ?is circum/ance1 t a truly new era & a false "o are engag$ 9 mortal conflict4 ,! =m] c only spr+ up & fl\ri% :5 ! latt] decays & is got rid (4 ,to ?is end ! pres5t false _s ( ! age1 :i* is b a p]v]sion ( ! true cosmopolitan _s1 mu/ die ! dea?4 ,& ?is mu/ be br\ght to pass by ! sword ( ! ,^w or ( et]nal tru?1 :i* pi]ces ev5 to ! jo9ts & m>r[1 & divides asund] s\l & _s4 ,= ! immortal1 ,god-creat$1 & ,god-devot$ s\l requires to be sep>at$ & deta*$ f ! s-call$ _s ( ! age1 :i* is mix$ up & comp\nd$ ( s _m dim1 false1 imp]fect1 & evil spirits4 ,& ! _s ( ! age mu/ itself be entirely conv]t$ & be br\ght to a k & op5 confession ( its error1 & :5 once :atev] 9 x is totally dead has be5 adjudg$ to et]nal dea?1 x w itself be r5ovat$ & purifi$ 9 ! fi]y floods ( ! truly new times4 ,9 ?is div9e re/oration1 h[ev]1 ( ! human consci\sness1 or !ocracy1 man's "p mu/ be :olly passive4 ,x is en\gh if he does n h9d] or ret>d x2 = 9 a c]ta9 s5se he c at lea/ co-op]ate 9 br++ x to pass4 ,ev5 t f9al consummation t[>d :i* t true new era1 :i* z yet is entirely hidd5 &1 z x 71 *ok$ by ! false1 longs & ye>ns--t peace ( ,god1 ( :i* ! highe/ & be/ religi\s peace is b a =ebod+ symbol1 &1 z x 71 ! fir/ weak grade1 or /ep1 c n be br\ght ab\t by human art & p[]4 ,x is n by any diplomatic c\rtesy1 :i* 9 ?is case w\ld be highly culpable--n by any amalgamation1 :i* 9 ! pres5t sph]e is contradictory to e notion ( "r1 t t peace c be br\ght ab\t1 9 :i*1 accord+ to no va9 or unmean+ promise1 !re is to be "o fold & "o ,%eph]d4 ,its accompli%m5t mu/ be res]v$ entirely to ,him :o1 f all et]nity has be51 & /ill is1 ! good ,%eph]d ( all ,8 creatures4 ,"h1 !n1 at ?is po9t1 hav+1 by means ( ! idea ( a re/oration ( ! human consci\sness to its orig9al div9e p]fection1 arriv$ at a close1 ,i w pause a few mom5ts to take once m a rapid survey (1 & to ?r[ a cle>] light on1 my pa/ labors4 ,& h]e9 ,i %all purposely ref] to ! division ( philosophy1 & ! designations ( its sev]al p>ts usually giv5 9 ! s*ools4 ,! fir/ five ,lectures treat$ ( ! human s\l 9 ! wide ext5t ( its orig9al relation1 n only to life b also to nature & to ,god1 & =m$ consequ5tly ( psy*ology1 ?\gh 9 a wid] s5se ?an ! sci5ce :i* is usually occupi$ ) ?is subject4 ,! ?ree next1 z discuss+ ! div9e ord] ( ?+s1 conta9$ a species ( natural !ology1 ?\gh treat$ ( 9 a p]fectly liv+ me?od & relation1 & ent]+ hi/orically into individual1 no less ?an univ]sal1 life4 ,( ! la/ sev5 ,lectures ! fir/ ?ree 7 devot$ to ! inve/igation ( tru?4 ,we "h exam9$ its fundam5tal pr9ciple ( ! unity ( ! highe/ sci5ce & div9e fai?1 ! discrim9ation ( tru? 9 ! /ruggle betwe5 fai? & skepticism1 & ! f9al conclusion 9 ! unity ( ?is high] sci5ce & fai? ) ! true life & its influ5ce !re94 ,?is high] logic1 9 s f> z x consid]s ! true ess5ce ( ?+s1 might ev5 be designat$ an ontology4 ,&1 inde$1 s9ce x d]ives e ?+ f a div9e pr9ciple1 x might n inaptly be call$ an appli$ or mix$ !ology1 9 ! same s5se z ?is designation is employ$ 9 ! ma!matical sci5ces1 viz41 z ! fir/ "p ( su* an appli$ !ology4 ,9 ?is s5se ! second "p !re( w\ld be =m$ by ! metaphysics ( life1 z ! sci5ce ( t :i* is above nature1 ^: prov9ce x is to indicate all high] & sup]natural pr9ciples 9 ! :ole sph]e ( exi/5ce & ! actual _w1 s f> z x is giv5 to man to "k !m4 ,employ+ ! old phraseology & division ( ! s*ools1 we might t]m ?is a cosmology1 9 a moral & intellectual s5se1 & ) a reg>d to :at human philosophy c atta9 to4 ,! symbolical en]gy ( ! div9e communication 9 religion1 ! div9e f\ndation ( ! /ate1 ! ,godw>d t5d5cy ( sci5ce1 & ! re/oration ( ! consci\sness by ,god1 =m1 z x 71 ! f\r poles or summits ( all ^! pr9ciples1 :i* transc5d & ov]pass ! m]ely natural4 ,conc]n+ ! accompli%m5t ( p]fection 9 man's div9ely-re/or$ consci\sness1 & also 9 ! :ole ( exi/5ce1 or 9 nature itself1 a few words yet rema9 to be add$4 ,& ?us ?is la/ section1 consid]$ z a cosmology1 is bas$ on a div9e pr9ciple1 s f> z ?is is atta9able by man4 ,n[1 ! fir/ consequ5ce ( ! p]fection ( ! human consci\sness1 z accompli%$ by ,god1 w be ! re/oration ( ! div9e image & lik5ess 9 man4 ,! s\l1 n[ purifi$ & made complete aga91 becomes once m spiritually fruitful1 & 9 ?is int]nal productiv5ess1 :i* ev5 ! pure spirits d n possess1 is r5d]$ simil>1 ?\gh at an inf9ite di/ance & 9 a v second>y s5se1 to ! ,creator 9 ,8 productive en]gy4 ,! liv+ly op]ative _s 9 ! creature is l to t 9 ! be+ :o is increate & f all et]nity1 :ile ! liv+ly active s5se1 z ! ?ird memb] or elem5t 9 ! p]fect$ consci\sness1 is simil> & correspond5t to ! div9e op]at+ ^w4 ,& la/ly1 9 ?is liv+ly quick5$ & completely re/or$ consci\sness1 man reassumes 8 orig9al true & di/9ct relation to nature4 ,by ! s\l1 fir/ ( all1 he is reunit$ to ,god2 9 8 _s1 n[ re/or$ to true life1 he ent]s into a liv+ & cle> communion ) all o!r k9dr$ spirits2 & by 8 w1 n[ cle>ly see+ & work+ 9 ,god1 he assumes once m 8 orig9al relation to nature z h] fir/-born son & h] legitimate "l4 ,b nature1 z ! creature t groane? & travaile? 9 pa9 toge!r1 waite? 9 e>ne/ expectation = its p]fection & re/oration4 ,& ?is is ! only view ( x t is ei!r f\nd$ 9 tru? or really ,*ri/ian4 ,& 9 ?is idea ( creation groan+ & travail+ 9 pa9 lies a fullness ( prophetic intimations = nature4 ,:ile %e seems on ! :ole to be deeply slumb]+1 ?is alone excites a hope ( a great & g5]al awak5+2 :]eas x is sc>cely a g5]ation & a half1 or two at mo/1 s9ce physical sci5ce fir/ began to awak5 out ( ! grave ( its own dead notions1 :5 9 nature itself1 no less ?an 9 ! sci5ce ( x1 all seem$ sunk 9 dea?4 ,we ne$ n1 !re=e1 be surpris$ if ?is ,*ri/ian view ( nature & a dynamical physiology ev9ce s little ( agreem5t4 ,= ! latt] inv>iably reg>ds ! sy/em ( nature z some?+ absolute & z p]fect & complete 9 itself2 b ?is x evid5tly is n4 ,& inde$ _m an eloqu5t !ological essay on ! pro(s ( design 9 nature & on its indications ( ! goodness ( ! ,creator1 sets out on a simil>ly defective hypo!sis1 t nature1 9 its pres5t condition1 is exactly ! same z ,god orig9ally creat$ x4 ,b ?is is directly contradict$ by ! promise s expressly & di/9ctly made to ! la/ times1 ( 8new heav5s & a new e>?40 ,= ?is n m]ely implies1 b r ass]ts1 t nature /&s 9 ne$ ( a gr& r5ovation1 :i* x transc5ds ! ord9>y c\rse ( its prop] p[]s ( developm5t to accompli%1 & :i*1 consequ5tly1 is only conceivable z br\ght ab\t by ! imm$iate op]ation ( div9e p[]1 or ( a cele/ial !ocracy = ?is purpose1 9 ! "t ( ! univ]sal reg5]ation4 ,we are f> m ready & dispos$ to assign to ! p[]s ( evil a great] influ5ce & a wid] field ( op]ation 9 ! _w ( man ?an 9 ! sy/em ( nature4 ,b x is1 p]haps1 m con=mable to tru? to see 9 ! pres5t condition ( ! latt] a /ate ( truce ) ! evil & de/ructive p[]s :i* =m]ly rag$ m fi]cely--an int]val dur+ :i* ! conflict is conf9$ )9 c]ta9 limits1 r ?an z a complete & p]fect peace4 ,its ext]nal influ5ces1 z !y affect man1 mu/ n be tak5 = ! /&>d 9 ?is case2 = !y may be m]ely accid5tal2 j z ! ord9>y inundations belong to ! economy ( ! balance ( ! elem5t>y =ces ( nature1 & z ! /orms & tempe/s1 :i* occasionally are fe>fully de/ructive1 are1 nev]!less1 x is cle>1 a process necess>y = ! purification & salubrity ( ! atmosph]e4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 _m facts ( m$ical exp]i5ce & peculi> ph5om5a ( disease1 or ev5 bir?s ( faulty or defective organization--z well z ! lo?some g5]ation ( insects 9 ! atmosph]e or on ! surface ( ! e>?1 & _m diseas$ /ates 9 bo?--:5 view$ simply & elem5t>ily1 & ap>t f ! usual pr9ciple ( epidemic contagion1 appe> to po9t r to "s intr9sical evil & orig9ally wild demoniacal "* 9 ! sph]e ( nature1 ev5 ?\gh !y only occur z exceptions to ^! g5]al laws4 ,h[ deadly ev5 sid]eal influ5ces may prove is at lea/ e/abli%$ by ! fact ( lunacy4 ,9 ^? fields ( cele/ial light1 too1 & ^? brilliant ho/s ( heav51 :i*1 z nature's m retir+ & loveli] *>ms1 become visible only by night1 & display !mselves to ! calm & tranquil s\l1 all is n 9 su* p]fect unison & h>mony z ! fir/ impression w\ld lead u to suppose4 ,a note ( discord arises f ! irregul> orbits ( ^? ecc5trically revolv+ />s1 :i*1 ?\gh r>e 9 _! appe>ance1 seem to be pretty num]\s--ex]cis+ ei!r a wat]y or an arid influ5ce on ! t]re/rial atmosph]e1 & ^: pa?s a/ronomy has inde$ calculat$1 ?\gh h] calculations h n always be5 v]ifi$4 ,all our k1 too1 & record$ obs]vations ( ! re/ ( nature1 i4e41 9 ?is s5se ( ! e>? itself1 does n g beyond ! surface--consequ5tly to only "o portion ( x2 & yet p]haps t int]nal "p1 :i* is hidd5 f u1 is ! v "o t is mo/ deeply significant1 & m ne>ly ak9 to ! et]nal4 ,nature1 9 h] int]ior & reality1 may p]haps possess little resemblance to :at we see ( h] ext]nally4 ,at e /ep we /umble on "s new pro( ( our ignorance1 & mu* also t gives an intimation ( a new & unkn[n _w4 ,nature 9 g5]al may1 = u1 be comp>$ to a t[]+ pyramid ( hi]oglyphics heap$ toge!r at r&om1 f :i*1 ) our utmo/ pa9s1 we c sc>cely succe$ 9 br++ toge!r & deciph]+ two or ?ree at mo/1 :ile we h n ! key = int]pret+ ! mean+ & ord] ( ! :ole2 = we mu/ n1 z "u a v errone\s idea is (t5 done1 seek ?is 9 nature itself1 b entirely 9 its div9e pr9ciple2 = 9 ?is mu/ all t is un9telligible f9d its solution4 ,n[1 9 t "o "p ( nature :i* we are be/ acqua9t$ )1 its surface--aft] t law ( sexual di/9ction :i* reigns n only 9 ! animal b also 9 ! vegetable _w1 & :i*1 moreov]1 9 a c]ta9 s5se prevails 9 ! v atmosph]e & its elem5t>y organs ( life--no o!r law ( nature is s univ]sal z t ( dea?4 ,b if x be true t ?r\gh t _s & p[] ( evil :o fir/ revolt$ f ,god1 dea? came into ! _w1 & also into nature1 !n mu/ ! e>?ly & n[ natural dea? h proce$$ f ! au?or ( et]nal dea?4 ,v que/ionable1 9 ?is case1 w\ld x appe> to be1 :e!r ! fir/ & orig9al creations ( nature 7 o!r ?an immortal4 ,if ,he ^: ess5ce is omnipot5ce ?9ks hi]oglyphics1 !n are !y liv+ creatures2 & c we1 judg+ ( ,him 9 ,himself1 & ,8 prop] nature1 suppose t ,he w\ld conceive ( or create aught else ?an :at is et]nal & immortal8 ,! old curse /ill hangs ov] nature1 :]e9 ! fir/ au?or & inv5tor ( dea? has contriv$ to root himself s deeply4 ,& t mal$iction 0 n remov$ by ! fir/ man2 on ! contr>y1 x 0 deep5$ & confirm$ by him4 ,& ev5 at ! div9e r5ewal ( ! human race1 ! same ana!ma 0 aga9 pron\nc$ ^u ! natural tree ( an e>?ly life1 condemn+ x to )] /ill m & m "u ! baneful dom9ion ( dea?4 ,! victory ov] dea? is only to be ga9$ toge!r ) ! p]fection ( man4 ,& !n %all foll[ a !ocracy & div9e r5ovation ( nature1 "u :i* all t is !re9 %all aga9 become immortal4 ,a p]fect h>mony %all !reby be re/or$ to ! :ole ( creation4 ,,end ,,( ,,philosophy ,,( ,,life4 ,,philosophy ,,( ,,language4 ,,preface ,,( ,,! ,,g]man ,,editor4 ,9 ^! pages we give to ! _w ! philosophical ,lectures :i* ! late ,f4 ,v4 ,s*legel deliv]$ la/ w9t]1 at ,dresd51 to a num]\s & di/+ui%$ auditory--! la/ monum5t ( 8 life & m9d4 ,to _m ( 8 p]sonal he>]s !y w probably be welcome1 z enabl+ !m1 9 ! p]usal ( :at _! own e>s s lately he>d1 to realize m di/9ctly ! matt] ( ! ,lectures1 & ! :ole p]son ( ! em95t individual :o 0 s unexpect$ly tak5 away f among !m4 ,b to a /ill l>g] circle ( ! fri5ds & admir]s ( ,s*legel1 ?is publication w1 no d\bt1 be acceptable1 especially s9ce1 "u a p]vad+ ref]5ce to language1 x ?r[s mu* light & m fully c>ries out ! views advanc$ by ,s*legel 9 ! ,lectures deliv]$ two ye>s be=e1 at ,vi5na1 on ! ,philosophy ( ,life4 ,9 ?is ri* & important fragm5t1 ,s*legel's :ole idea ( philosophy /&s out f> m cle> & di/9ct1 ?\gh1 = its complete elucidation & exposition1 x 0 8 int5tion1 _h he be5 sp>$1 to add at lea/ "o m s]ies ( ,lectures to ! ?ree already giv5 to ! _w4 ,! pres5t publication is em95tly calculat$ to %[ :at 9 ^! ?ree connect$ s]ies ( ,lectures x 0 ! au?or's fir/ object1 bo? z a ?9k] & tea*]1 to accompli%1 viz41 to convey ! liv+ words ( 8 inmo/ m9d1 ri* ) ! fruits ( _m ye>s' /udy & rese>*1 to all :o possess$ a s5sibility or disposition likely to be r\s$ & animat$ !reby to pursue or promote "s k9dr$ inquiry or object4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 be a pro( ( grave misconception to make su* requisitions on ^! ,lectures z are incompatible ) ?is end & ) ! "* :i* !y mo/ covet1 ( be+1 9 ! high] s5se ( ! t]m1 a liv+ disc\rse2 =1 to satisfy su* dem&s 0 nei!r ! design or wi% ( ! au?or4 ,x 0 n 8 purpose ei!r to take "s s+le ab/ract notion1 & by detail$ elucidation to make x cle> & obvi\s1 nor to set up "s rigor\sly limit$ sy/em ( notions1 ) its def9itions & arbitr>y t]m9ology1 ^: great m]it %\ld be made to consi/ 9 su* regul>ity ( plan & fai?ful execution1 z %\ld e :]e comm& ! notice & ! wond] ( ! read]4 ,9 %ort1 x 0 n 8 object1 9 "s p>tial speculation ( ! reason1 exclusively to set =? a long s]ies ( ab/ract propositions z a model & prec$5t = su* essays4 ,^?1 h[ev]1 :o1 to use ,s*legel's own words1 look ^u ^! ,lectures z a s]ies ( que/ions to :i* _! own he>ts1 sil5tly1 inde$1 give a concurr5t answ]1 or f9d !re9 ! satisfactory solution to _m difficulties sugge/$ by _! own reflections on ! life & m9d ( man1 w n be able to get rid ( a j & righte\s sorr[1 to ?9k t ! voice f :i* !y /ill look$ = _m su* que/ion+s1 & mu* simil> in/ruction1 is sudd5ly sil5c$1 & t none rema9s :o1 z inh]it+ ! _s ( ! dep>t$1 or z 8 favorite & intellig5t s*ol>1 is able to supply :at is /ill want+4 ,) ?is heavy feel+ ( sorr[1 x seems p]haps inconsi/5t to express a pass+ regret t ! au?or has n be5 p]mitt$ himself to sup]9t5d ?is edition ( 8 ,lectures1 & to make ^? corrections :i* "h & !re might h appe>$ to him desirable4 ,a few passages1 notic$ ?us 77 9 ! text1 7 m>k$ by ,s*legel himself1 ei!r = em5dation or enl>gem5t1 & ! loss ( ^! corrections we c n b miss & regret4 ,,lecture ,i4 ,by philosophy--& ?is t]m be/ expresses ! hi/orical & orig9al conception z x 0 und]/ood by ! ,greeks1 :o s v>i\sly & +5i\sly develop$ x--,i und]/& man's innate & natural curiosity1 s f> z x is univ]sal 9 its scope1 & n f ! fir/ limit$ to any "o specific end or subject4 ,?is natural curiosity1 consequ5tly1 /imulat$ by ! my/]ies ( exi/5ce1 :e!r 9 ! ext]nal _w or ( its own consci\sness1 w\ld fa9 make all ^! enigmas cle>1 to itself1 & by atta9+ to an inw>d illum9ation1 w\ld discov] ! true signification1 or1 if we may s call x1 ! all-expla9+ key-^w ( life4 ,&1 inde$1 !re is no reasonable d\bt b t ! possession ( ?is revivify+ & liv+ key-^w w\ld give to life1 bo? individual & univ]sal1 a mu* m exalt$ en]gy4 ,= no?+ less ?an an int]nal light ( intellectual brightness1 or ( ! _s made cle> to itself1 is t se>* aft] tru? & k1 by :i* we discov] ! key-^w & true signification ( life1 z a :ole4 ,by x all ! p[]s1 qualities1 & faculties ( ! s\l are /r5g!n$ anew1 inw>dly elevat$1 & augm5t$ 9 =ce & f]tility4 ,& if any w\ld pref] to give ! "n ( sci5ce to ?is highe/ & e>lie/ speculative k or pursuit ( int]nal c]ta9ty & div9e tru?1 we object n1 s long z x is admitt$ t x is n a sci5ce precisely 9 ! same s5se1 & /ill less 9 exactly ! same or simil> =m1 z ! o!r sci5ces1 :i* are direct$ to "o specific aim & limit$ to "o subject4 ,free z life & ! free-=m$ _s itself1 ev] new1 wond]ful1 v]satile1 & inf9itely v>i$1 bo? 9 int]nal /ructure & ext]nal manife/ation1 are ! ways ( man's ?9k+ & speculative _s4 ,a ready & apposite illu/ration w cle>ly demon/rate ?is peculi> fre$om & manifold v>iety 9 ! me?ods1 species1 & developm5ts ( philosophy4 ,at any rate1 if x d n place x vividly be=e our eyes1 x at lea/ sugge/s ! idea ( x4 ,! writt5 dialogues ( ,plato--t great ma/] ( philosophical exposition & ( ! ?9k+ dialogue ( sci5ce1 ) its ev]-liv+ & *ang+ play ( ?\ght1 & e>ne/ _s ( inve/igation--are p]haps n less div]sifi$ 9 _! c\rse2 n less wond]fully manifold & exub]ant ) all ! ri*es ( g5ius2 n less peculi> 9 _! g5]al conception1 z well z ext]nal developm5t2 n less exquisite 9 ! f9i% ( ! sev]al p>ts & divisions1 ?an ! poetical productions ( ! greate/ & mo/ admir$ ( dramati/s4 ,^? :o are be/ acqua9t$ ) ! art & ! intellect ( ! poet & ( ! ?9k]1 w be lea/ incl9$ to dispute ! ju/ice & accuracy ( ?is comp>ison4 ,we appeal to ! in/ance ( ,plato ) great] confid5ce1 n only because he /&s alone1 z inimitable = beauty ( exposition1 & = fullness & grace1 z well z _s & vividness ( /yle1 b also because 7z is app>5t f ! num]\s & v>i$ compositions :i* he has bequea!d to po/]ity7 e pa? ( inquiry previ\sly op5$1 z well z e road & by-way ( dialectic subtilty /ill conceivable or possible1 7 p]fectly famili> to ?is l(ty intellect4 ,!re 01 9 %ort1 no field ( speculative ?\ght & inve/igation1 h[ev] high or deep1 t rema9$ unexplor$ by him4 ,f any "o ( 8 mo/ p]fect ma/]-pieces1 consequ5tly1 we might p]haps1 by a precise & exhau/ive analysis ( ! art & skill t lies hidd5 9 x1 ga9 a m correct notion ( ! true & pr(itable me?od ( speculative ?\ght & inve/igation ?an f _m or mo/ ( our comp5diums ( all absolute ideas & metaphysical *im]as1 or f ! sy/ems at pres5t 9 vogue ( unconditional logical negation4 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to e/abli% ?is view ( a true philosophy ( life1 :i* 9 its v =m is also liv+1 x is unnecess>y to appeal to any s+le example1 ev5 ?\gh x be "o s spl5did z t ( ! ,socratic s*ool 9 g5]al1 or ( ,plato1 ! greate/ ?9k] x has produc$4 ,= 9 fact1 ! :ole hi/ory ( philosophy1 f its comm5cem5t to its close1 w s]ve z a pro( & confirmation ( its tru?4 ,9 v>i\s ways does x tea* & conv9ce u t 9 ?is l(ty /ruggle aft] tru? ! mo/ div]g5t1 & ev5 app>5tly contradictory me?ods & t5d5cies may1 h[ev]1 & actually d lead to simil> conclusions1 nay1 to "o common result4 ,x %[s u t1 h[ev] v>i\s may be ! pa?s1 ! end ( k--! eag]ly-s\ght jewel ( tru? itself--is by no means always & 9 all cases ti$ to any immutable & exclusive rule ( "o fix$ =m & solely felicit\s me?od ( ?\ght1 z to a magic *>m on :i* all dep5ds1 & f :i* all success mu/ fl[4 ,! hi/ory ( philosophy1 ,i said1 =1 und]/ood 9 its full ext5t1 9 its correct s5se & _s1 & 9 its deepe/ significancy1 :at else is ?is ?an ! int]nal rev]se ( ! picture ( man8--! intellectual half ( humanity1 9 its developm5t ?r\gh all ! peculi> & rem>kable processes :i* 9 ! pursuit & cognition ( tru?--t noble/ ex]cise ( man's p[]s & faculties--he has at any "t _h rec\rse to4 ,& 9 trac+ ?is gradual progression1 we may easily disc]n an invisible guidance :i* %[s itself1 especially 9 ! m rem>kable epo*s or transition-po9ts & decid$ p]iods ( ! /ruggle4 ,9 ! g5]al excit+ cause1 & ! new directions :i* ! inw>d intellectual developm5t occasionally took up1 & ! law x foll[$1 an entirely di/9ct ord] ( ?+s manife/s itself to ! glance t looks b5ea? ! surface1 ( a f> high] & m exalt$ nature ?an aught :i* is compris$ & e/abli%$ by ! insignificant rule ( our ord9>y s*ool me?ods1 or :i* is only e/imat$ & judg$ !reby4 ,x is by no means my wi% to set aside ! usual s*ola/ic =m 9 ! academical exposition ( sci5tific philosophy1 or 9 any way to depreciate x :5 x is effectively c>ri$ out on /rict pr9ciples4 ,9 its "r place1 & :5 ! occasion dem&s x1 we mu/ ackn[l$ge x to be indisp5sable4 ,x is n to be neglect$ ) impunity4 ,?is is especially ! case 9 t p]iod ( our life :i* is m p>ticul>ly & exclusively devot$ to ! /udy ( ! sci5ces1 :5 philosophy naturally takes its place among ! re/ 9 ! academical c\rse1 & also 9 ! sy/ematic mode ( in/ruction assumes a =m simil> to ! o!r sci5ces4 ,x is involv$ 9 ! already advanc$ b briefly & imp]fectly develop$ idea ( ! spiritually free & ev]-v>y+1 ev]-%ift+ =m :i* belongs to ! v nature ( philosophical ?\ght & k1 t :5 circum/ances pr$ispose1 & its ext]nal relations af=d ! opportunity & occasion1 philosophy %\ld adopt & appropriate ! limit$ & less absolute =m ( o!r sci5ces1 or1 z ,i w\ld r express x1 may & c condesc5d to assume !m4 ,b ?is is only a special application = "s collat]al purpose1 a deviation & exception f1 & n ! rule itself1 if we !reby und]/& ! natural rule1 or t :i* is ess5tial & orig9al1 & consequ5tly ! simple/ & highe/4 ,z reg>ds1 h[ev]1 ! philosophy :i* pret5ds to be ! sci5ce ( life1 & n m]ely ( ! s*ool1 ?is pr9ciple foll[s f ! fact1 t :5 tak5 z a :ole1 & :5 ! "q is n ( any special application to a p>ticul> view & object1 its =m also mu/ be free & vivid4 ,consequ5tly1 ev5 :5 class$ & associat$ ) ! o!r sci5ces1 x ju/ly lays claim to ! fir/ place among !m1 z be+ ( a diff]5t nature & orig94 ,x is f>1 !re=e1 f be+ requisite t philosophy1 foll[+ ! ma!matical sci5ces z a h&maid1 %\ld endeavor s]vilely to copy !m1 z has be5 s (t5 errone\sly done1 &1 9 spite ( exp]i5ce ( its impracticability1 ov] & ov] aga9 attempt$4 ,/ill1 ) a true view ( a liv+ philosophy1 ma!matical sci5ce1 h[ev] dead 9 itself1 & ev5 fatal to a high] _s1 atta9s "u pr(\nd] appreh5sion to intr9sic significance1 & becomes elevat$ & ennobl$4 ,! true me?od 7t1 namely1 :i* alone des]ves to be s call$1 ! me?od ( tru?7 is bas$ on ! simple process ( ?\ght & its liv+ developm5t1 9 :i* "o ?\ght spr+s & unfolds itself naturally f ano!r1 & rigidly excludes all t is =eign & repugnant4 ,! true me?od does n move 9 p>agraphs & numb]$ propositions1 mak+ an outw>d p>ade ( an app>5tly /rong *a9 ( evid5ce1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 a rigid scrut9y (t5 detects "s specific l9k 9 ! *a9 totally valueless & )\t illative =ce1 or at lea/ weak & f> f cog5t1 or plac$ 9 a false position1 to :i* x has prop]ly no ref]5ce1 & only 9 appe>ance fill+ ! void x cov]s4 ,?us x is also ) :at we call sy/em1 or sy/ematic4 ,we are inde$ accu/om$ to employ ?is ^w 9 a tw(old s5se--ei!r to convey praise1 or 9 an evil & deprecatory signification4 ,9 ! latt] use we say1 8,?is or t "w is no?+ b a sy/em10 or1 8,accord+ to ?is or t sy/em40 ,b by su* phrases1 :5 criticis+ any compreh5sive !ory ( sci5tific ?\ght1 we d n mean t ! "w is entirely )\t f\ndation1 purely & absolutely imag9>y4 ,= 9 su* a case x w\ld h>dly be wor? :ile to sp5d m words ^u x4 ,our mean+ r is1 t :ile conta9+ some?+ t is true1 & mu* t is excell5t1 undue importance is ascrib$ to ! sy/em1 or too mu* is inf]r$ f x1 e ?+ be+ =cibly made to agree ) x1 & itself c>ri$ beyond ! limits ( sob] tru?3 9 a ^w1 t ! sy/ematic coh]5ce is only ext]nal & speci\s1 & ! result ( mu* labor & art4 ,9 reality ?is is v frequ5tly ! case4 ,?is c\rse is too (t5 pursu$ 9 ! !ories & discov]ies ( mod]n sci5ce1 especially 9 ^? bran*es :i* /& 9 ! close/ relation to physical life & its pres]vation1 & are consequ5tly mo/ influ5c$ by ! fa%ionable ideas ( ! age4 ,"s happy ?\ght1 be>+ ! v /amp ( g5ius1 "s +5i\s idea or entirely new view is />t$2 on ?is f\ndation a sy/em is =?) rais$1 ei!r by ! au?or himself or 8 foll[]s & disciples4 ,embrac$ ) ! ardor ( en?usiasm1 ! novel !ory is fur!r ext5d$ & promulgat$1 & becomes ! wat*word ( a sect or p>ty1 until1 deg5]at+ into a m]e fa%ion1 & be+ borne up a:ile by ! eddies ( ! mom5t1 x s9ks at la/ into insignificance1 & is swall[$ up by ! va/ /ream ( "t4 ,:5 once ! matt] has rea*$ ?is po9t or ?is /age 9 ! pa?ology ( human ?\ght & op9ion1 !n t fir/ idea & orig9al inv5tion may be consid]$ z good z defunct1 or at lea/ is1 z x 71 buri$ alive1 & ! true vital pr9ciple :i* orig9ally animat$ x is no long] p]ceptible4 ,b 9 a good & legitimate s5se we may *>act]ize a sci5tific "w or a s*eme ( ?\ght z sy/ematic1 or z =m+ a sy/em 9 itself1 & z su* approve ( x1 if only x possesses ! virtue ( int]nal consi/5cy1 & ! _s ( unity p]vades & animates x4 ,& if ?is consi/5cy ( idea be really intr9sic & spiritual1 & at ! same "t liv+ & natural1 x w be easily recogniz$ 9 its p]spicaci\s simplicity ( =m & expression4 ,x w ne$ nei!r ! ext]nal display ( sy/ematic precision & prolix demon/rative argum5tation1 nor ! app>5tly rigid concat5ation ( p>agraphs1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 ! =c$ connection & ! panopli$ array ( propositions =m b a poor device to conceal ! defici5cy ( intr9sic life & unity4 ,! case is precisely ! same ) ! sci5ce ( human ?\ght & philosophy1 z ) ext]nal life & daily exp]i5ce4 ,no?+ is m highly e/imat$ 9 society1 bus9ess1 or politics1 ?an an active & consi/5t "*4 ,prop]ly speak+1 ?is example is n s mu* a simile z ! v ?+ itself1 or ! same subject view$ f ano!r gr\nd or 9 a diff]5t relation4 ,b ?is high & r>e prop]ty ( a g5u9e consi/5cy ( "* does n dep5d on ! deliv]y ( a multitude ( philosophic adages 9 & out ( season1 or ! speci\s ?ru/+ =w>d ( moral maxims1 b r manife/s itself amid g5]al res]ve & sil5ce1 by its /raight=w>dness ( action1 or :5 x speaks1 by ! cle> simplicity ( its language4 ,s is x also ) consi/5cy ( idea 9 philosophy4 ,! intr9sic & vital unity ( a compreh5sive sy/em ( ?\ght--! sy/ematic coh]5ce :i* results f a reign+ idea ( ! :ole1 reveals itself & is to be kn[n by a simple & famili> =m ( expression1 n unlike t ( a fri5dly conv]sation1 & is n exclusively conf9$ to any prescriptive or preconceiv$ =mula ( ! s*ools or artificial me?od4 ,b 9 respect to academical in/ruction1 & ! position :i* philosophy ei!r may or ought to occupy !re91 ,i h "o rem>k to add4 ,if ,i may judge by my own exp]i5ce1 or by :at ,i h at times obs]v$ 9 o!rs1 ei!r :5 z a y\? ,i 0 an academical /ud5t1 or :5 aft]w>d1 z a visitor at sev]al ( ! ,g]man univ]sities1 ,i took "p 9 ! sci5tific pursuits1 & occasionally z a lectur] prop\nd$ my own views & op9ions1 a decid$ & /rik+ division seems to subsi/ betwe5 philosophy & ! peculi> sci5tific /udies prop] to ! future wants ( life4 ,?is is1 h[ev]1 less ! case ) ! /udy ( m$ic9e1 :i*1 be+ f\nd$ on1 & conv]sant )1 ! sci5ce ( nature1 /&s 9 a close relation to philosophy4 ,/ill ev5 ! prosecution ( ?is natural sci5ce proves di/9ctly en\gh t ! int]e/s ( g5]al sci5ce foll[ entirely diff]5t pa?s f su* z are mo/ eligible1 & m especially conducive to ! acquirem5t & collection ( p>ticul> in=mation4 ,/ill m does ?is apply to t num]\s class :o devote !mselves to civil pr(essions1 & ^: future life is to be employ$ 9 political dep>tm5ts4 ,by !m philosophy is pursu$ z a m]e collat]al & second>y object ( /udy1 z a half-sup]flu\s intellectual luxury4 ,b ?is %e n[ise admits (2 %e dem&s an e>ne/ & devot$ affection1 & mu/ be embrac$ ) ! full ardor ( love4 ,x is 9 ?is v e>ne/ness ( purpose1 & ?is g5u9e atta*m5t & en?usiasm1 t x has its s\rce & be+4 ,h5ce we may (t5 obs]ve _m a /udi\s y\? attract$ by ! g5]al "q z to ! nature ( ! human s\l1 & by ^! sublime inve/igations into ! my/]ies ( exi/5ce4 ,"u ! influ5ce1 z x 71 ( "s magical spell1 he is absorb$ 9 !m s z completely to =get & lose sight ( ! /udies appropriate to ! call+ he has *os51 or at lea/ to neglect !m1 view+ !m z comp>atively second>y1 :ile o!rs ( m practical t5d5cy /eadily devote !mselves to ! /udy ( _! pr(ession1 & conf9e !mselves exclusively to its pursuit4 ,rigidly reject+ ! metaphysical *>m & s$uction ( sy/em1 z a dang]\s lure1 !y c>e little1 if at all1 = ! contempt ) :i* ! o!r class1 :om dialectic speculation has bewit*$ into =sak+ its prop] object ( /udy1 looks d[n ^u !m z incapable ( ris+ to ! height ( its own exalt$ argum5t4 ,n[1 if ,i might v5ture to haz>d a sugge/ion = ! removal1 or at lea/ ! accommodation1 ( ?is ali5ation f1 n to say opposition to1 philosophy1 :i* exi/s 9 ! tone ( our ,g]man univ]sities1 & if x be n out ( place "h to ent] into ?is matt]1 my fir/ desire & advice w\ld be1 t ! /udy & c\rse ( philosophy %\ld be kept entirely di/9ct f t ( ! pr(ession or ! p>ticul> sci5ce :i* is le>n$ ) a view to future avocations 9 life4 ,9 su* a case philosophy might mo/ advantage\sly be tak5 up by ! /ud5t aft] ! completion ( 8 o!r /udies1 9 %ort1 at ! conclusion ( ! :ole academical c\rse1 sett+1 s to speak1 ! cr[n ^u x1 & =m+ ! la/ /ep :i* ! pupil mu/ take be=e he ent]s ^u ! realities ( life4 ,moreov]1 !re is no leisure = idle m$itation dur+ ! ye>s ( academical /udy--t p]iod ( prep>ation :i* few h a second "t af=d$ !m1 & :i*1 be+ entirely practical1 ought to be specially devot$ to ! p]fect ma/]+ ( ! special sci5ces :i* 9 aft]-life are to occupy u4 ,x is r 9 our lat] & matur] ye>s1 aft] ! acquirem5t ( ! p>ticul> pr(essional k1 & ev5 9 ! mid/ ( ! active bus9ess ( life1 t leisure1 toge!r ) a conv5i5t opportunity1 or a natural occasion1 is af=d$ = t m$itation ) :i* philosophy ord9>ily beg9s1 b :i* 9 its results rema9s no idle speculation2 or = t app>5tly sup]flu\s inquiry1 :i*1 h[ev]1 inve/igates a subject m necess>y & m ess5tial to man ?an all else4 ,s mu*--if x has n be5 inde$ too mu*--,i believ$ x requisite to say conc]n+ ! =m ( philosophy1 n s mu* to ju/ify or to excuse t :i* 9 ! pres5t case ,i c\ld alone adopt1 z r f ?is po9t ( view also to e/abli% ! indep5d5t position1 & to depict ! l(ty aims ( philosophy4 ,= if philosophy is no?+ less ?an ! actual sci5ce ( life 7& ! skeptical qu]y :e!r su* a sci5ce be ei!r possible or atta9able by man1 w 9 n[ise affect ! "q2 = if ! d\bt conc]n+ ! nature ( life1 or life itself1 is sugge/$ by life1 & consequ5tly is liv+ & real1 x am\nts to ! same ?+1 & ! objection applies alike to ! d\bt or ! c]ta9ty7--if1 ,i repeat1 ! object ( philosophy be ! sublime conception ( our inn] life1 /ruggl+ to unravel ! my/]y ( its own be+1 h[ c x be "r1 or h[ c\ld a wi% arise to exclude f x "o half ( humanity1 or society1 or ( civiliz$ life8 ,! prop] sph]e ( philosophy1 no less ?an ( art1 is ! :ole civiliz$ public4 ,?is is ! body 9 :i* x mu/ circulate1 & to :i* its action mu/ be appli$4 ,! speci\s gr\nd = su* an exclusion c only be look$ = & discov]$ 9 ! ord9>y s*ool =m1 :i* inde$1 z ,i h endeavor$ to %[1 is by no means ess5tial to x1 b r a m]e accid5t1 :i* is s f> f be+ necess>y1 t x is n ev5 ( univ]sal application4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! subject-matt] ( philosophy is ! :ole inw>d life ( man1 if its end is ! solution ( ! ev]-recurr+ que/ions ( ! speculative consci\sness1 & ! read+ ( ! enigma ( exi/5ce1 or h[ev] else we may *oose to *>act]ize & express x1 x is assur$ly some?+ ( a di/9ct & m exalt$ nature ?an any ( ! prep>atory sci5ces :i* make up ! academical c\rse ( /udy = ! specific objects ( "s limit$ call+ & pr(ession4 ,! philosophy ( life1 z x sets out only ) "o simple position--life1 viz41 man's inn] life--is re/rict$ to no p>ticul> sph]e1 b embraces !m all 9 _! fit season & occasion4 ,:51 inde$1 9 ! y\?ful1 n to say *ildlike _s1 /&+ on ! ?re%old ( expectation1 ?is inw>d feel+ ( life or consci\sness has n z yet %ap$ itself into an ard5t speculative curiosity1 or a grave & melan*oly que/ion+1 or :5 at lea/1 x has n pass$ ?r\gh ! fir/ /age ( ?\ghtful wond]+1 !n x is z yet too e>ly = ! awak5+ ( philosophy--t inw>d se>* aft] tru? & m$itation on ! nature ( our exi/5ce & consci\sness1 t self-exam9ation1 ^? half-d\bt+ ye>n+s aft] an unkn[n love4 ,y\?1 inexp]i5c$ & undevelop$1 may reasonably be suppos$ to be exclud$ f a p>ticipation 9 ?is natural field ( philosophical speculation1 al?\gh ev5 9 ?is1 z 9 e o!r case1 x is extremely difficult to def9e ! precise limits4 ,x w\ld also be idle to repeat ! rem>k s (t5 insi/$ on by ! sages ( antiquity--t :]e life is totally absorb$ 9 ! bus9ess or pleasures ( life1 or di/ract$ by ! c>es ( av>ice or ambition1 s t1 /rictly speak+1 no voice f )9 is he>d1 no s\l-*]i%$ feel+ or s5tim5t1 nay1 ev5 sc>cely a ?\ght purely spiritual1 /ill survives1 or f9ds a place 9 t _w-engross$ bosom--!re philosophy f9ds no e> = h] sublime revelations ( ! inn] life1 nor d>es hope = a responsive e*o to h] high-so>+ m$itations1 & t pr(\nd emotion f :i* x draws h] own bir?4 ,philosophy1 ,i said1 takes no?+ = grant$ b life--an int]nal life1 t is4 ,! m p]fectly1 ! m manifold ! aspects1 & ! m compreh5sively )9 ! giv5 limits "u :i* ?is life :i* x supposes is view$ & /udi$1 ! m easily w x fulfill its object1 ! soon] w x atta9 to t :i* con/itutes its prop] end & aim4 ,= ?is aim is to r5d] cle> & intelligible1 bo? to itself & o!rs1 t high] life1 ^: exi/5ce x assumes z ! necess>y basis ( its speculations4 ,b h[ w\ld ?is prim>y po/ulate1 ?is natural basis ( philosophy ( life1 be re/rict$ & limit$1 if ! sex :i* is s pre-em95tly m>k$ by /rong & deep feel+ %\ld be entirely exclud$ f ! sph]e ( its inquiries4 ,inde$1 accord+ to a m lib]al1 compreh5sive1 & enl>g$ po9t ( view1 su* z is mo/ consi/5t ) ! true nature ( ?+s1 y\?1 ) its en?usiasm & quick s5sibility = ! beautiful--its fir/ & mo/ exalt$ love--is n to be exclusively giv5 up to ! f9e arts4 ,z ! latt] are elem5ts ( life1 & v important elem5ts too1 !y c n be exclud$ f ! sph]e ( philosophy1 b1 on ! contr>y1 =m no inconsid]able portion ( its g5]al problem4 ,! objection1 h[ev]1 might be rais$1 t ^!1 ! be/ & faire/ ( ! gifts :i* nature disp5ses ) a lib]al & b5ignant h&1 are b transitory1 & t !y )] & disappe> be=e ! fir/ rude t\* ( ext]nal circum/ances t limits _! free play2 s t1 to judge f appe>ances1 !y sc>cely c abide1 or be /eadily kept up to ! gravity ( philosophical contemplation4 ,(t51 x may be urg$1 "s unpropiti\s de/9y1 "s sudd5 /orm ( fate1 ov]:elms & de/roys !m1 /ripp+ ! y\?ful tree ( life ( all its leafy honors be=e x has prop]ly put =? its blossoms4 ,?is1 no d\bt1 is p]fectly true4 ,9 mo/ cases1 h[ev]1 ! de/roy+ pr9ciple does n come f )\t4 ,=tune & ext]nal circum/ances h little to d ) x4 ,x lies r 9 ! inn] impetuosity ( passion1 9 self-w1 or "s o!r d>k %ade ( "*1 p]v]t+ & br++ j>r+ discord into ! mo/ exalt$ feel+s ( ! s\l4 ,w\ld x n be well & especially advisable to place f ! v fir/ ^! t5d] & delicate fl[]s ( y\?ful feel+ )9 ! influ5ce1 & "u ! action ( an inw>d illum9ation & reflection1 z ! only probable means ( imp>t+ to !m great] h>dihood & durability1 & !reby to conv]t ! fair b ephem]al fl[]s ( y\?hood into ! mature & endur+ fruit ( s9c]e b5evol5ce1 ( a g5]\s activity & inw>d h>mony8 ,!re is1 9 tru?1 no easi] or m simple mode by :i* man c hope to arrive at ?is end4 ,x is only by means ( su* inn] light1 & purity ( s5tim5t & lum9\s m$itation1 t we1 c hope to "w our way to ! key-^w ( exi/5ce :i* %all reconcile e difficulty1 cle> up e d\bt1 & attune to h>mony e discord4 ,= h]eby also w ! p[] be ga9$ :i* alone c su/a9 & protect ?is inn] life f e de/ructive influ5ce4 ,?is enlight5m5t1 h[ev]1 is no?+ else ?an ! philosophy ( life1 & !re9 consi/s its ess5ce4 ,n[1 9 ord] to place be=e u ! v c5t] ( ! entire "q1 & at lea/ to notice be=eh& t :i* mu/ m p]fectly develop itself z1 /ep by /ep1 we trace ! natural process ( ?\ght1 bo? 9 life itself & ! sci5ce ( life1 "o rem>k is necess>y4 ,! s\l is no?+ less ?an ! faculty ( love 9 man4 ,= ?is reason1 also1 ! lov+ s\l 7if ,i may "h make su* an application ( ! words ( a great tea*]7 is ! cle> mirror 9 :i* we gaze ^u ! secrets ( div9e love ei!r reflect$ or symbolically figur$ z s _m enigmas1 :i*1 nev]!less1 s]ve u z light-giv+ & guid+ />s amid ! d>kness ( ?is e>?ly exi/5ce4 ,& 9 ?is pure mirror ( our s\l we pla9ly behold ! ev]v]dant & immortal plants or hidd5 fl[]s ( nature1 l ! d>k b$ ( ! deep ?r\gh ! cle> wat]s ( a /ill sea4 ,9 ?is m5tal mirror nature greets u ) features less /range & unkn[n1 & ) famili> aspect seems to claim at once a k9dr$ sympa?y4 ,9 ^! slight & pass+ rem>ks1 ,i h t\*$ briefly ^u _m a topic ( :i* ! full developm5t mu/ be res]v$ = our subsequ5t ,lectures4 ,/ill1 ?\gh ?us limit$1 !y conta9 ! gr\nds :i* to my m9d fully ju/ify my adhesion to ! op9ion :i*1 m ?an ?irty ye>s ago1 9 ! fir/ comm5cem5t ( my lit]>y labors1 ,i advanc$ ) reg>d to ! "q ( ! propriety ( exclud+ "o half ( mank9d f ?is region ( speculation4 ,& al?\gh1 9 ma9ta9+ ?is s5tim5t1 ,i h to /& alone 91 or ev5 am oppos$ to1 ! age 9 :i* ,i live1 /ill on ?is po9t ,i pref] to take z my guide & prec$5t ! anci5ts1 ! ,socratic s*ool1 &1 above all1 ! great ma/]1 ,plato4 ,& 7 x necess>y1 & ! pres5t place admitt$ ( x1 ,i might easily1 bo? f anci5t hi/ory & mod]n times1 adduce au?orities en\gh1 bo? 9 numb] & 9 weight1 to refute ! opposite op9ion1 or1 r1 prejudice4 ,! sph]e1 !re=e1 & field 9 :i* philosophy has to move1 or to :i* x has to apply itself1 is no n>r[ "o1 hemm$ 9 & conf9$ by any unw>rantable exclusiv5ess4 ,on ! contr>y1 x mu/1 s f> is possible = aught t is human1 be complete & p]fect4 ,& = ?is reason also1 %e mu/ n1 z inde$ %e c n1 take h] rise 9 a consci\sness artificially p>cel$ out & divid$1 &1 9 %ort1 b "o half ( its true self1 & :i*1 be+ biass$ & vision>y 9 its views1 is divorc$ f real life4 ,x c orig9ate only 9 ! m9d's greate/ p]fection & 9 its full & mo/ undivid$ entirety1 inasmu* z to make ?is consci\sness cle> to itself & to o!rs con/itutes ev5 its prop] function & entire aim4 ,9 ! late/ p]iod ( ,g]man philosophy _m an +5i\s pa? ( inve/igation has1 no d\bt1 be5 "h & !re /ruck out4 ,by a critical comp>ison ( diff]5t views1 sy/ems1 & op9ions1 dialectics1 z a prep>atory c\rse ( /udy1 has be5 improv$1 psy*ological rese>* advanc$1 especially ! philosophy ( nature enl>g$4 ,/ill1 on ! :ole1 a purely ab/ract mode ( ?9k+1 totally e/rang$ & sep>ate f actual life1 is almo/ univ]sally held to be ! only "r road to a pr(\nd philosophy4 ,?is s-call$ pure & ab/ract ?9k+ takes no?+ = grant$1 & all[s ( no po/ulate or axiom2 x ackn[l$ges none besides1 & g5]ally has no f\ndation save itself2 x />ts f itself alone1 & 9 s f> has1 /rictly speak+1 no prop] beg9n+4 ,consequ5tly1 )\t prop] end or aim1 x goes on cont9ually revolv+ ar\nd itself z a c5t]1 & )9 its own *>m$ circle4 ,assur$ly1 :]e ! dialectic art & sy/em moves )9 ?is n>r[ range ( ?\ght1 & re/ricts itself !reto1 employ+ a language :i*1 :ile x is %>ply ab/ruse1 metaphysically recondite1 & pre-em95tly ab/ract1 has at lea/ ! m]its ( cle>ness & di/9ctness1 & +5i\s classification1 !n ! v fir/ result ( su* an ex]cise ( dialectic art is pr(itable1 al?\gh m]ely negative4 ,= x e/abli%es ! fact1 t tru? & k are n to be atta9$ by ?is me?od2 t ?us x c n pr(itably be ei!r s\ght or f\nd4 ,x %[s1 too1 t ?is dialectical preludium itself 9 no?+ m ?an a prelim9>y ex]cise t at mo/ does b s]ve z an introduction to ano!r m lively way ( fruitful ?\ght2 ?\gh ev5 z su* x is suit$1 n inde$ = all1 b simply = ^? :o ent] ^u x ) ?is view ( its nature4 ,human language1 ) its wond]ful suppl5ess1 c adju/ itself ev5 to ! consci\sness :i* is p>cel$ out & ab/ract$ly divid$1 s z p]fectly to copy & reflect x 9 its ev]-movable mirror4 ,x is able to give a p]spicu\s ord] & an arti/-l %ape ev5 to ! m]e logical ?\ght :i* has no subject-matt]4 ,x only fails :5 ! logical conceit ( m]e empty ?\ght contemptu\sly rejects 9 ! giddy :irl ( supreme ab/raction1 z its la/ e>?ly defect1 ! laws ( grammatical art1 & refuses to add to its ab/ract /yle ! m]it ( p]spicuity1 9 ord] t1 z a metaphysical *im]a1 x may 9 ! inaccessible d>kness t %r\ds ! obscure ( ! high-en?ron$ 8,ego10 so> high] & high]1 & )draw itself z mu* z possible f ! eyes ( man4 ,a confus$ t]m9ology1 p]fect un9telligibility1 are ! nev]-fail+ companions & peculi> *>act]i/ics ( a false philosophy1 :i* dreams ( f9d+ ! ine/imable jewel ( tru? & sci5ce 9 a nev]-end+ & elaborate division ( ! consci\sness4 ,x places p]fection 9 an ab/raction c>ri$ cont9ually high] & high] 9 its empt9ess4 ,b 9 tru? x is only 9 ! liv+ unity ( ! full consci\sness t we c prop]ly und]/& ! pure logical =ms ( ?\ght1 su* z !y are inborn 9 ! human m9d1 or are engrav$ !reon z ! fir/ directive traits & pr9ciples ( its intellect & rational activity4 ,!y mu/ be judg$ ( accord+ to ! place :i* !y occupy 9 ! :ole1 & relatively to ! mann] 9 :i* !y act 9 or influ5ce x4 ,x is ?us alone t _! true signification c be det]m9$ & truly conceiv$4 ,z (t51 h[ev]1 z f t self-/yl$ pure1 b 9 reality empty & totally ab/ract mode ( ?9k+1 :i* is divorc$ f life & ! realities ( ?+s1 x is hop$ to raise or to evoke1 z x 71 by spell1 a real sy/em ( true k1 we h a repetition ( ! old hi/ory ( ! ,babylonian t[]1 ) its consequ5t confusion ( language4 ,e new sy/em ( ?is k9d is no?+ m ?an an additional section ( or an app5dix to t anci5t confusion ( spee*1 z well z ( views & op9ions1 s anci5t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human m9d4 ,ea* ( ^! build]s 9 ! edifice ( endless error comm5ces ) pull+ d[n ! fabric t 8 imm$iate pr$ecessor & all be=e him may h comm5c$1 :ile 9 ! space he has ?us cle>$ = 8 own labors1 he f\nds & re>s ! imag9>y t[] ( 8 own k & sci5ce4 ,he has at lea/ ! firm int5tion to raise x /ill high]--nay1 f> & f> above ! height t all be=e him h atta9$4 ,b "o man und]/&s ano!r j z little z himself4 ,m & m entangl$ & obscure1 consequ5tly1 becomes ?is new confusion ( ideas1 till at la/ no?+ rema9s b ! anomal\s ru9s ( crumbl$ & abrad$ ?\ghts1 :i* ev5 :5 entire 7 only s _m lifeless /ones--m]e ab/ractions1 soon ei!r :olly =gott51 or if surviv+1 becom+ daily m & m un9telligible--s9ce ! orig9al lexicon or alphabet1 or ! all-expla9+ key to ^! r>e & s+ul> *>act]s1 c be recov]$ only ) ! greate/ difficulty4 ,a true & liv+ philosophy c n *oose & pursue ?is me?od ( ev]-advanc+ ab/raction2 mu* less c x recognize x z ! only "r "o4 ,x proce$s r f life itself & ! feel+ ( life1 &1 9 tru?1 f a feel+ & consci\sness ( x1 :i* /rives to be z complete z possible4 ,f> is x f dream+ t x is 9 any artificial & elaborately-work$-out division ( ! human m9d1 t x mu/ seek its success or hope to atta9 its aim--! end ( all true k4 ,)\t t1 x feels t man's consci\sness1 9 its exi/+ /ate1 at lea/1 is already too mu* r5t & di/ract$ by division1 & be+ by means ( ?is dismemb]m5t *eck$ 9 its natural action1 & weak5$ & imp$$4 ,& ?is ev5 is ! po9t on :i* all turns4 ,t philosophy ( s-call$ pure1 b prop]ly empty ?9k+1 sep>at$ & ab/ract$ f actual reality1 )\t end & )\t beg9n+1 )\t gr\nd z )\t aim1 kn[s no?+ ( our po/ulate ( life1 9 ! full ext5t & s5se ( ?is ^w1 s f> z any ?+ is full & complete = man4 ,! ?9k]1 once entangl$ 9 ! me%es ( su* a philosophy1 c n admit ( su* an hypo!sis1 w all[ to x no value1 or1 r1 kn[s no?+ ( x1 & w\ld nev] be able to make any ?+ ( x4 ,& yet1 not)/&+1 9 ?is v philosophy an hypo!sis is />t$1 or1 r1 assum$ be=eh&--"o1 h[ev]1 :i* 9 tru? is entirely arbitr>y1 & :i*1 :5 exam9$ m closely & ) rigid scrut9y1 betrays at once its utt] baselessness4 ,x dep5ds on or consi/s 9 assum+ t ! human m9d1 z x exi/s at pres5t1 is 9 a p]fect /ate1 & has rema9$ entire & complete1 & altoge!r unalt]$ f its orig9al con/itution4 ,x holds t no?+ is want$ = ! atta9m5t ( tru?1 beyond a c>eful & skillful analysis ( man's self-consci\sness1 & a correct & appropriate classification ( its sev]al memb]s4 ,b1 on ! contr>y1 :5ev] we yield & give ourselves up to ! feel+s ( our inw>d consci\sness1 & try c>efully to und]/& x simply z x is1 ! fir/ ?+ t /rikes u mo/ =cibly is a discord & opposition subsi/+ n only betwe5 ourselves & ! ext]nal _w1 b a /rife ) "o's self rag+ 9 ! inmo/ c5t] ( ! m9d1 s t x seems to fall asund] & to r5d itself into absolute unconsci\sness & irreconcilable contr>ieties4 ,n[1 is x probable t /rife w\ld =m ! orig9al /ate or ! prop] de/9y ( ! human or ev5 ( any o!r be+8 c ?is1 9 %ort1 h be5 ! case f ! fir/8 ,/rife1 x is true1 prevails e :]e 9 human life4 ,x has its p>ties & divisions 9 ! pres5t no less ?an 9 ! pa/1 9 ! free int]c\rse ( private z well z 9 political life1 9 ! family z well z 9 ! fai?1 9 k z 9 ?\ght & op9ion4 ,:]ev] ^! act ^u life1 or 9 any way affect x1 !y inv>iably involve x 9 ho/ile opposition & sect>ian animosity4 ,b ! imm$iate "q "h is n ( ?is /rife ( ! passions1 or ( ! moral corruption ( ! inn] "*1 :i* is excit$ by _! indulg5ce1 al?\gh1 9 tru?1 ! ext]nal /rife ( human nature1 :i* comes =w>d1 z x 71 9 a visible & bodily %ape1 & its e>lie/ s\rce 9 ! hidd5 cont5tions ( ! inmo/ s\l1 :i* arise f its entire con/itution & ! pres5t condition & /ate ( our faculty ( ?\ght4 ,j a little also d we ref] to any view tak5 ( ! sad mutilations ( ! human consci\sness result+ ei!r f "s faulty organization & disease1 or f ^? defects :i* proce$ f defects ( "* or weakness ( intellect4 ,! conditions :i*1 relatively speak+ at lea/1 we call physically & morally s\nd1 z be+ free f all rem>kable defici5cies or disord]s1 are1 nev]!less1 n to be reg>d$ on ?is acc\nt z p]fect1 & endu$ ) full liv+ en]gy1 & possess$ ( _! orig9al complet5ess4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 ! g5]al m9d1 su* z on ! :ole we f9d x at pres5t1 & :i*1 9 ?is respect1 we may look ^u z be+ 9 its true & prop] /ate1 !re is mu* t is evid5tly p]v]t$ f its "r object1 mu* t has fall5 a prey to disord]4 ,& inde$ we are naturally l$ to take ! same view ( x :5 we discov] mo/ ( ! sev]al con/itu5ts ( ! m9d = ! great] "p extremely weak1 & z x 7 9 a crippl$ /ate1 & its diff]5t faculties seldom if ev] ma9ta9+ a deep p]vad+ h>mony1 & keep+ 9 p]fect unison ) ea* o!r4 ,x is to ?is int]nal opposition & orig9al diss5sion ( ! ?9k+ consci\sness t ,i "h w\ld draw y\r att5tion1 z psy*ologically manife/+ itself betwe5 ?9k+1 feel+1 & will+4 ,9 ?is diss5sion1 s deeply root$ 9 our inmo/ be+1 intellect & w are1 ev5 indep5d5tly ( ! effect ( human in/itutions & obs]vances1 b seldom 9 h>mony2 :ile reason & imag9ation1 if n always oppos$1 are at lea/ greatly e/rang$1 & seldom ma9ta9 a mutual good und]/&+4 ,?is is man's fir/ & ev]-recurr+1 ev]-r5ew$ p]ception ( 8 inw>d life4 ,c>eful obs]vation ( self is ev] impress+ on him a consci\sness ( :at we might almo/ call an inborn1 or at lea/ h]$it>y1 discord & division 9 ! human m9d4 ,?is intellectual fact1 :i* is "o purely psy*ological & totally indep5d5t ( ! di/urb+ influ5ces ( passion or disease1 may 9 tru? well c>ry u to ! conclusion :i*1 indep5d5tly ( x1 s _m o!r moral ph5om5a & hi/orical traces appe> to po9t at4 ,x leads u on almo/ irresi/ibly to embrace t exposition ( x :i* has be5 held 9 common by almo/ e anci5t p2 ! doctr9e1 namely t man at ! v onset fell f 8 orig9al /ate ( h>mony into diss5sion & disunion1 & has s9ce sunk _m degrees l[] & l[] f ! dignity :i* belong$ to him on 8 fir/ creation4 ,b z ?is primitive obscuration & deg5]acy w5t to ! inmo/ root ( man's be+1 "u its influ5ce1 n only 8 relations to ! ext]nal _w1 b also 9 himself1 9 8 pure int]nal ?9k+1 feel+1 & will+1 all is d]ang$1 discordant1 & fragm5t>y1 s t v r>ely inde$ d ! ?ree co-op]ate effectually 9 a liv+ & endur+ h>mony4 ,& x is d\btless because ! prevail+ !ories ( ! human m9d ov]look ! fact ( ?is great *ange t !y are s utt]ly unsatisfactory & g5]ally s tame & sup]ficial4 ,! det]m9ation1 h[ev]1 h[ f> ?is ev5t is to be reg>d$ z an hi/orical fact & re/s on au!ntic tradition1 is a "q :i* lies beyond our pres5t purpose1 & belongs r to a purely critical inve/igation4 ,! imm$iate & specific aim ( philosophy is simply to analyze & cle>ly und]/& ! psy*ological fact ( ! discord & diss5sion :i* subsi/s betwe5 ! sev]al faculties ( s\l & _s1 & to exhibit x j z x is4 ,hav+ accompli%$ ?is1 x w !n proce$ to indicate ! po9t or position f :i* ! "w ( re/oration mu/ be comm5c$1 or by :i* at lea/ ! way :i* leads to x may be discov]$2 ! pa?1 namely1 ( return to ! orig9al h>mony ( ! s\l4 ,9 o!r words1 its ultimate object w be to discov] ! means ( re/or+ a liv+ & p]fect consci\sness1 & ( br++ ab\t a m h>moni\s co-op]ation ( its hi!rto divid$ p[]s & faculties1 :e!r ( s\l or _s4 ,n[1 ev5 9 ord9>y exp]i5ce1 c]ta9 propiti\s comb9ations ( circum/ances d occur1 :5 ?is inw>d /rife & innate or h]$it>y discord betwe5 ! und]/&+ & ! w1 ! reason & fancy1 is happily ov]come4 ,"u _! influ5ce ! faculties1 :i* previ\sly 7 sep>ate & divid$1 or ho/ilely array$ aga9/ ea* o!r1 are1 p>tly at lea/1 & = "o individual life 9 all its incid5ts1 actions1 & productions1 br\ght into pr(itable agreem5t & h>mony4 ,^! r>e occasions are furni%$ by extraord9>y en]gy ( "*1 unrival$ arti/ic g5ius1 or o!r high & r>e m5tal end[m5t4 ,^!1 !re=e1 =m n only s _m exp]im5tal pro(s ( ! possibility ( re/or+ ! n[ discordant elem5ts & ! isolat$ organs ( ! inn] man to complet5ess ( unity & entirety ( life1 b also furni% /able po9ts f :i* to />t aga91 & to c>ry on ! "w ( re/oration4 ,su* in/ances1 h[ev]1 are b exceptions f ! g5]al c\rse ( ?+s4 ,=tunate & r>e exceptions !y are1 no d\bt1 b /ill1 ev5 z su*1 !y only s]ve to e/abli% m surely & inconte/ably ! pr$om9ance ( ! rule1 & ! univ]sal fact ( ! int]nal /rife among ! faculties ( ! human m9d4 ,n unnecess>ily to di/ract y\r att5tion at ! v outset1 ,i %all = ! pres5t omit to consid] _m subord9ate & d]ivative1 b appli$ & complex faculties ( our m9d & s\l1 su* z memory1 ! ext]nal s5ses1 ! v>i\s in/9cts1 & ! consci5ce4 ,re/rict+1 !re=e1 myself imm$iately to ^! f\r pr9cipal p[]s--und]/&+ & w1 ) reason & fancy1 :i* we may reg>d z ! f\r poles ( ! int]nal _w1 or z ! qu>t]s ( ! human consci\sness1 ,i %all consid] g5]ally ! opposition :i* displays itself betwe5 ^! elem5t>y p[]s ( man's m9d4 ,?is fact is s univ]sally recogniz$1 & s g5]ally pr$om9ant1 t x displays itself ev5 9 ! exp]i5ce & incid5ts ( e-day life4 ,to :at am\nts ! op9ion s commonly express$ ( _m m51 nay ev5 ! great] "p ( di/+ui%$ *>act]s1 8t _! judgm5t & w are n 9 unison80 8,:at ext5sive le>n+ & compreh5sive views does he n possess10 is said ( "o man2 8:at acut5ess1 excell5t judgm5t6 ,:at might he n accompli% if he _h b ! w2 b he is s *angeful1 y c nev] dep5d ^u him1 s inactive1 s void ( en]gy ( "*1 t he does n himself "k rightly :at he wi%es40 ,n[ 9 su* pass+ e/imates ( m51 x is des]v+ ( rem>k1 t x is n ! passions1 or ( passionate transgressions ( ! moral law1 t come 9 "q1 b r "s int]nal defect & weakness4 8,he has ! be/ w10 is said ( ano!r1 8is always active1 capable ( any sacrifice & devotion1 & ( a firm & undaunt$ resolution2 b at ! same "t he is s n>r[-m9d$1 s unb5d+ & %ort-sight$1 & possess$ by su* inflexible prejudices1 t no?+ c 9 tru? be made ( him1 & e ent]prise is sure to misc>ry t he has any ?+ to d )40 ,! discord is n inde$ 9 e case s /rongly m>k$ & di/9ct1 /ill e "o :o at all obs]ves 8 own consci\sness may easily det]m9e1 & satisfactorily answ] ! "q1 :e!r ?is opposition betwe5 ! und]/&+ & ! w1 or at lea/ ! disposition !reto1 is n deeply fix$ & root$ 9 our inmo/ nature1 & on ! :ole univ]sal4 ,:5ce else spr+s ! high e/imation 9 :i* /ead9ess & consi/5cy ( "* are g5]ally held1 b f ! fact t x is a r>e exception = w & und]/&+--! inw>d ?\ght & ! outw>d practice--to be 9 p]fect h>mony & agreem5t8 ,& 9 tru? consi/5cy1 ?or\ghly c>ri$ out 9 ! :ole life1 /eadfa/ unison ( idea & practice--9 %ort1 p[]--imm$iately en=ces our respect & admiration1 ev5 ?\gh we may n be able to agree ) ! motive & pr9ciples on :i* x acts1 & moreov] rem>k mu* 9 ! :ole l9e ( conduct des]v+ ( blame1 :5 measur$ by ! highe/ ideal /&>d ( moral ju/ice & p]fection4 ,h[ (t5 d we feel ?is to be ! case 9 ! hi/orical judgm5t & e/imate ( great & celebrat$ m51 :]e our admiration by no means implies or c>ries ) x a full & p]fect approbation ( e trait 9 _! "* or actions4 ,ano!r mode ( view & comp>ison w p]haps s]ve to set 9 a /ill cle>] light ! *>act]i/ic feature ( ! human m9d 9 its pres5t brok5 & discordant condition4 ,man usually directs 8 glance d[nw>d to ! brutes1 9 ord]1 by po9t+ out its diff]5ce f ! animal _w1 to det]m9e ! peculi> ess5ce ( 8 own be+ & nature4 ,9 ?is comp>ison1 aft] mu* & pa9ful inve/igation1 man discov]s t al?\gh 8 physical organization & ! pr9ciple ( life1 ! blood-s\l1 z ! s\rce ( vital heat1 is ( ! same k9d & nature ) t ( ! brutes1 he nev]!less possesses a rational s\l1 :i* !y d n enjoy4 ,m in/ructive w\ld x be1 occasionally at lea/1 to raise our contemplation to ?+s above4 ,by ?is me?od1 _m *>act]i/ic qualities ( ! human m9d might be briefly b di/9ctly set =? 9 %>p] contra/ by comp>ison ) o!r creat$ ?+s1 or1 z ! poet calls !m1 8sup]ior spirits1 ) :om we %>e our k40#fb ,leav+ ?is belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( purely spiritual be+s1 :i* 0 common to all nations ( ! old _w1 to re/ on its own deep f\ndation1 & pass+ ov] ! d\bts :i* might p]haps be rais$ aga9/ x1 ,i %all simply take = ! basis ( my comp>ison ! g5]al idea ( ^! angelic ess5ces1 su* z f ! v fir/ x has be5 long & widely ent]ta9$4 ,n[1 f ?is po9t ( view ,i %\ld be at lea/ ju/ifi$1 7 ,i to po9t to t fickl5ess & inconsi/5cy1 or weakness & ev5 defect ( "*1 :i* ,i h above m5tion$ & depict$ z =m+ ! ord9>y condition & ! specific *>act]i/ic ( man1 :i* accord+ to our hypo!sis does n belong1 ei!r 9 ! same degree or at all1 to ! pure spirits4 ,) !m und]/&+ & will+ are altoge!r "o1 & e ?\ght is at ! same "t also a de$1 e fact p]fectly compreh5d$ & c>ri$ out1 ) a design p]fectly und]/ood4 ,_! activity is ev] "o & ! same liv+ & un9t]rupt$ op]ation1 :atev] be its direction1 9 a bad z well z a good s5se4 ,& ?us x is t ) ^! spirits kn[+ & will+ are "o2 s t a liv+ & effective intellect is ev5 a v _s1 & equally s is a p]fectly self-consci\s w4 ,b a spiritual be+ l man1 9 :om intellect & w are n "o1 is1 z contemplat$ f ?is po9t ( view1 a _s divid$ & di/ract$1 & "o t has fall5 into disunion ) itself1 :i* only by means ( a new & high] aspiration c be aga9 rais$ to its full en]gy & liv+ unity4 ,/ill m obvi\s1 & ev5 m /rik+ ?an ! g5]al & univ]sally prevail+ discord betwe5 ! und]/&+ & ! w1 is ! opposition & division :i* holds bo? ! fundam5tal faculties or opposite poles ( ! inn] _w ( consci\sness1 namely1 betwe5 reason & fancy4 ,! fancy is ! f]tile1 &1 prop]ly speak+1 ! inv5tive & creative faculty ( man2 b %e is bl9d1 & subject to _m1 or r1 we mu/ say1 innum]able delusions4 ,?is is n ! case inde$1 at lea/ n 9 ! same degree & mann]1 ) ! reason1 z ! faculty ( calm prud5ce 9 man--! int]nal /&>d ( ! moral equilibrium ( 8 nature4 ,/ill1 actually to produce1 truly to br+ =? or to create1 is1 ) all its reason+1 utt]ly beyond its p[]2 & if at times1 z is ! case ) ! false philosophy & m]e dialectical ?9k+1 x does make ! attempt1 x gives bir? to naught b lifeless abortions & m]e ?\ght-creat$ phantoms ( ab/ract no?+ness4 ,x w h>dly be necess>y to track ?is opposition betwe5 reason & fancy f>!r1 & to foll[ x into ! great ar5a ( public life1 or to prove by a l5g!n$ discussion t ! m5 end[$ ) ! be/ reason+ p[]s are n at ! same "t or especially end[$ ) ! fire ( g5ius1 or t ! mo/ /hetical & arti/ic natures are n always ! mo/ logical4 ,true g5ius1 h[ev]1 =ms a r>e exception to ?is rule1 because 9 him ! faculties ( s\l & _s1 :i* are usually f\nd isolat$ & oppos$1 are happily unit$ & effectually co-op]ate 9 an h>moni\s unison4 ,9 o!r words1 we h 9 su* a case a union ( ! creative fancy1 :i* 9 ! productions ( g5ius is ! mo/ ess5tial po9t1 & ! acute1 disc]n+ sagacity1 z also ! di/9ctness ( s5sible %ape & ord]1 :i* c n be abs5t f any real production ( art4 ,& yet1 = all ?is1 ! und]/&+ ( ! arti/ is some?+ q di/9ct f practical reason & logical acut5ess4 ,!re is1 moreov]1 ano!r /ate1 or1 r1 quality ( ! s\l1 :]e9 ! else divid$ reason & fancy are intimately associat$ & entirely reunit$4 ,?is is a natural1 pure affection1 & ! v faculty ( love1 :i* is itself ! s\l & ! peculi> ess5ce ( man's spiritual s\l4 ,= example1 a "m's love = h] *ild1 :i* is ! deepe/ & /ronge/ ( ! natural affections2 no "o c call ?is love irrational1 al?\gh x mu/ be judg$ by an entirely diff]5t /&>d f ! reason4 ,at lea/ x does n arise f any c>efully-weigh$ process ( ! reason1 = x is ov] x t x ga9s its greate/ triumphs4 ,9 love bo? halves ( ! s\l are unit$4 ,=1 tak5 sep>ately & ap>t1 reason is only "o half ( ! s\l1 & fancy ! o!r4 ,9 love alone d bo? concur1 & ! s\l is !re pres5t totally & p]fectly4 ,9 x bo? halves1 :i* o!rwise are ev] ap>t1 be+ aga9 unit$1 re/ore a p]fect /ate ( ! consci\sness4 ,& 9 ! same mann] !re is also a means ( reunion = ! und]/&+ & ! w4 ,& t1 too1 is a pure1 /rong1 & morally regulat$ love4 ,:5ev]1 proce$+ f ! v dep?s ( man's be+1 x has become1 z x 71 a second nature1 & hav+ receiv$ a high] & div9] consecration1 x =ms ! /ill & invisible1 b rul+ s\l ( life1 !n is x ! be/ & sure/ road = atta9+ to ! reconciliation ( ! o!rwise invet]ate & deeply-root$ discord betwe5 ! intellect & ! w4 ,by su* a love ! inmo/ man may be re/or$ to peace & h>mony ) itself1 & ! o!rwise di/ract$ consci\sness1 rega9+ a full & p]fect unity1 is enabl$ to ex]cise its be/ & highe/ en]gies4 ,! foll[+ are briefly ! results ( ?is our fir/ psy*ological sket*1 s f> =? z !y are necess>y = ! purpose & object be=e u4 ,! ord9>y /ate ( ! human m9d1 su* z1 9 its pres5t condition1 x exhibits itself to our int]nal app]ceptions1 is "o ( f\rfold discord & di/raction4 ,or1 r1 if we may s speak1 x is a quadruply divid$ consci\sness1 z be+ a prey to ! d\ble contr>iety betwe5 ! und]/&+ & ! w1 & betwe5 reason & fancy4 ,b ! m9d1 :5 re/or$ to its full & liv+ p]fection1 is ?reefold1 or1 if ! expression be "h all[able1 x is a triune consci\sness--! s\l re/or$ to unity 9 love--! m9d or _s requick5$ by ! en]gy ( a consi/5t life1 &1 la/ly1 ! int]nal s5se = all t is highe/ & div9e--:i* ?ird memb]1 z ! ext]nal m$ium & ! m9i/]+ in/rum5t ( ! o!r two1 c n int]f]e ) or di/urb _! pr(\nd h>mony4 ,n[1 ! return f ! m9d1 *eck$ & limit$ 9 its op]ation by its exi/+ divisions & discord1 into a liv+ triple or triune consci\sness1 is ! v beg9n+ ( a truly vital philosophy1 &1 inde$1 ( a r5ovat$ & enhanc$ vitality4 ,,lecture ,,ii4 ,:5 man is consid]$ relatively to 8 ext]nal exi/5ce 9 ! s5sible _w & nature1 to :i* by 8 body he belongs & =ms a con/itu5t "p1 !n ! ?ree elem5ts ( :i*1 z reg>d$ f ?is po9t ( view1 8 :ole be+ or ess5ce appe>s to consi/1 are body1 s\l1 & _s4 ,n[1 n ev5 f ^! are s*ism & conflict exclud$4 ,!re is little or no h>mony betwe5 ! high] & spiritual pr9ciple ( ! inn] man & ! out] _w to :i* prop]ly 8 s5su\s faculty belongs4 ,! natural wants & ! organic laws ( our corporeal life are at issue ) ! moral law ( ! inw>d feel+s--) ! exalt$ requisitions ( ! so>+ ?\ght & ! pr(\nd desire ( ! pure _s4 ,! /ruggle betwe5 ^! two di/9ct laws or ord9ances ( life1 ! high] & ! l[]1 =ms1 p]haps1 ! *ief problem :i* 9 8 moral de/9ation on e>? man has to solve4 ,at lea/ x con/itutes ! fir/ beg9n+ & /ep !re(4 ,no d\bt1 ! ext]nal frame ( ! human body1 ) its wond]ful organization1 pres5ts 9 ! prime ( its developm5t ! corporeal image ( a m exalt$ & m spiritual beauty4 ,9 its highe/ & happie/ expansion--9 its noble/ =ms--9 _m a bright gleam1 = in/ance1 ( animat$ expression on ! c\nt5ance ( y\?--we read ! graceful reflection ( a m ?an e>?ly lovel9ess4 ,! /amp ( man's heav5ly orig9 is n q ext9ct or completely defac$ ev5 9 8 frame4 ,b on ! o!r h&1 x is expos$ & subject to innum]able injuries1 suff]+s1 diseases1 & corruptions2 s t we feel at once ! tru? ( ! ,apo/le's words1 9 call+ x ! 8body ( ?is dea?40 ,add$1 !n1 to ! o!r two elem5ts ( man's be+1 _s & s\l1 ! organic body =ms ! ?ird con/itu5t1 9 :i*1 h[ev]1 is conta9$ ! gr\nd & occasion ( conflict & /rife4 ,9 ! inn] man1 inde$1 tak5 by itself1 & 9 s\l & _s1 z ! two con/itu5ts ( 8 high] life1 !re is involv$ no absolute elem5t ( discord4 ,no d\bt ev5 "h ! h>mony is liable to _m di/urbances1 & p]fect unison1 p]haps1 is v r>ely to be met )2 b /ill ! discord has n its gr\nd 9 ! ess5tial con/itution ( ^! two pr9ciples ( s\l & _s4 ,! contr>iety betwe5 reason & fancy1 und]/&+ & w1 ?\gh exi/+ 9 ! f\rfold consci\sness ( man 9 its pres5t /ate1 prevails n !re by any law ( necessity4 ,x is n a result ( _! ess5tial con/itution4 ,simply1 ! _s is ! m active faculty ( ! :ole high] pr9ciple & ( its int]nal life1 ! s\l ! m passive "o4 ,i h design$ly employ$ ! expression ! m active1 & ! m passive1 :ile ?us speak+ ( s\l & ( _s2 = p]fectly passive1 & entirely devoid ( lib]ty1 ! feel+ & lov+ s\l is n1 z nei!r1 on ! o!r h&1 is ! _s p]fectly active & indep5d5t4 ,! latt] /&s 9 ne$ ( ! fell[%ip ( ! s\l & ( ! life-giv+ feel+ to k9dle & to exp& x4 ,to a c]ta9 degree1 bo? _s & s\l1 or at lea/ ! prepond]ance ( ! "o or ! o!r1 are dep5d5t on ! organization & organic diff]5ces ( sex4 ,9 g5]al1 we may at lea/ ass]t & admit ?is mu*3 t1 viz41 _s or ?\ght pr$om9ates 9 man1 b _s or s\l 9 ! female sex4 ,b ev5 "h 7s incalculably great is ! div]sity ( human "* & disposition1 s v>i\s are ! me?ods & =ms ( education & moral culture7 _m exceptions1 ei!r by way ( complication or deviation f ! orig9al simple relation1 are f\nd to subsi/4 ,9 no case1 moreov]1 c ?is prepond]ance ( ! reign+ elem5t be tak5 or und]/ood z a total isolation or sev]ance f ! o!r4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re are manifold transitions & fusions 9 ! reciprocal action ( s\l & _s4 ,9 ! same way t !re are peculi> modes ( ?\ght1 a special k9d ( intellect1 :i*1 by a happy div9ation1 goes infallibly to ! po9t & ! tru?1 & is entirely ! judgm5t ( feel+--! issue1 9 %ort1 ( ! feel+ s\l2 s1 too1 !re are _m impressions on ! feel+s 7an ard5t love1 = in/ance1 & a purely intellectual en?usiasm71 :i* take _! orig9 imm$iately out ( "s ?\ght1 or g5]ally f ! und]/&+4 ,&1 9 fact1 ! v sep>ation ( ! two g5]ally does b lead to _! m intimate union1 & furni% a new bond ( unity4 ,?\ght & feel+ /& reciprocally 9 ne$ ( ea* o!r4 ,z ?\ght ga9s new life & animation f ! ri* feel+1 ) its facile1 t5d]1 & pr(\nd emotions1 d]iv+ !refrom its vital n\ri%m5t & su/5ance1 ev5 s ! feel+s are n unfrequ5tly fir/ awak5$1 & v (t5 /r5g!n$ & elevat$1 by ! l(ty flight ( ?\ght 9 its bold & se>*+ inve/igations4 ,x is ev5 ?is t con/itutes1 9 "p at lea/1 ! attraction ( social int]c\rse1 ! *>m ( love1 & ! happ9ess ( a well-assort$ union1 :i* does b become m close by ye>s--! "o p>ty f9d+ 9 ! o!r ! intellectual or 7if ! t]m be pref]r$7 ! psy*ological complem5t ( 8 own be+ & "*4 ,b n[ a simil> complem5t = ! void & defici5cy :i*1 ev5 9 ! mo/ favor$ dispositions1 enjoy+ ! highe/ advantages ( le>n+ & culture1 /ill rema9s 9 man's consci\sness & int]nal exi/5ce1 may be f\nd 9 yet ano!r wise1 & by a f> sup]ior me?od4 ,we may1 = in/ance1 seek ?is consummation ( our nature 9 t ,be+ :o conta9s 9 ,himself ! fullness ( all might & ( all exi/5ce--( all life & ( all love--& out ( :om bo? s\l & _s proce$ & take _! beg9n+4 ,n[1 if we %\ld wi% to =m an idea ( ! heav5ly /ate ( supreme felicity1 su*1 at lea/1 z 9 =eca/+ hope we may suppose x to be1 & inde$ are ju/ifi$ 9 s do+1 !n we may d\btless ?9k ( x z su* t 9 x bo? s\l & _s1 sunk 9 ! abyss ( et]nal love1 w re/ p]fectly satisfi$4 ,or r1 9 a liv+ communion ( ?\ght & feel+1 !y w mo/ intimately sympa?ize 9 ?is ineffable maje/y1 be+ absorb$ 9 ! nev]-fail+ /ream ( ! inf9ite pl5itude ( div9ity4 ,9 ?is /ate ( bliss1 ! body w be dissolv$ & no long] exi/5t4 ,at lea/ transfigur$ & *ang$1 x w rema9 no?+ m ?an ! pure1 lum9\s veil ,li*?lle ( ! immortal s\l & ! _s1 n[ totally & freely emancipat$4 ,= x w no long] be possible1 ) any propriety1 to ?9k ( ! body z sep>ate & di/9ct f ! s\l & _s1 z 9 tru? & fundam5tally x w n be sep>ate f !m4 ,n[1 = ?is blissful /ate ( p]fect union ) ! supreme ess5ce1 no less ?an = ^? s+le & r>e mom5ts ( m5tal ravi%m5t1 dur+ :i*1 ev5 9 ?is e>?ly life1 man occasionally1 ?\gh transi5tly1 does1 by vivid ?\ght1 transport himself to su* a /ate1 ! ?ird elem5t1 :i* z ! connect+ l9k mu/ accrue to ^! two fundam5tal en]gies ( man's inw>d be+ & exi/5ce1 9 ord] to complete & p]fect x1 is ,god ,himself4 ,= x is "h ev5 z 9 ! ext]nal _w ( s5se2 !re mu/ be a ?ird elem5t4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 x is ! body1 :i*1 z no less ess5tial ?an ! o!r two1 completes ! exi/5ce ( ! total man4 ,m]ely psy*ologically reg>d$1 & :5 we adh]e & limit ourselves to ! giv5 sph]e ( ! int]nal consci\sness1 ! triple pr9ciple ( man's be+ is nei!r ,god1 s\l1 & _s1 z 9 ! high] blissful /ate1 nor ev5 body1 s\l1 & _s1 z 9 ?is mat]ial _w1 b simply _s1 s\l1 & s5se4 ,^! are ! ?ree elem5ts ( ! m9d1 :i* z su* imm$iately conc]n u at pres5t1 & =m ! ess5tial basis ( ! foll[+ consid]ations4 ,mu* is !re t atta*es itself to ?is pr9ciple1 or foll[s f x4 ,x w\ld consequ5tly only lead to confusion 7 we at pres5t to take a full survey ( all ^! cognate matt]s & consequ5ces1 & lay !m be=e y at ! outset4 ,_m ( !m w arise mu* m naturally aft]w>d4 ,ev5 ! treat+1 & ! elucidation1 ( ! relation 9 :i* ! s5ses1 z ! ?ird elem5t ( ! human m9d1 /&s to ! o!r two1 & ! place :i* x holds among !m1 w h]eaft] come m appropriately be=e u4 ,& ?is is especially true ( a "q :i*1 h[ev]1 has an important be>+ on ! matt] be=e u--! "q1 viz41 :e!r or n "s p>ticul> faculty1 ei!r ( s\l or _s1 is to be reg>d$ z an int]nal s5se1 a moral in/9ct1 or an imm$iate p]ception & intuition ( ! highe/ & be/4 ,&1 connect$ ) ?is inquiry1 is ! rem>k1 t ev5 9 ! usual outw>d s5ses !re lies a sp>k ( high] spiritual p]ception--su*1 = in/ance1 z ! arti/ic eye = beauty ( =m & color1 & = grace ( motion1 or ! musical e> = lovely s\nds & measures2 s t ev5 ! s5ses are n s purely corporeal1 s totally mat]ial & grossly s5su\s1 z at ! fir/ glance !y appe>4 ,b !re is ano!r topic :i* "h en=ces itself on our consid]ation1 & :i*1 = ! correct appreh5sion ( ! :ole matt]1 is ev5 /ill m important ?an t ( ! relation :i* s5se holds to ! o!r two elem5ts ( man's consci\sness4 ,& ?is is to det]m9e :e!r ^! two1 s\l & _s1 are really diff]5t1 or :e!r x be n probable t1 z ! active & ! passive p[]s & aspects ( a high] pr9ciple 9 man1 !y are1 on ! :ole1 "o & ! same1 & consequ5tly ought n1 9 ?\ght ev51 to be unduly sep>at$ & di/+ui%$4 ,b h[ev] ?is "q is to be answ]$1 ev5 ?\gh 9 man !y be really & necess>ily unit$1 /ill a relative di/9ction ( !m is ju/ifi$ by t prepond]ance ( "o or ! o!r :i* manife/s itself at diff]5t times & 9 diff]5t relations ( life4 ,b a weighty reason exi/s = suppos+ t !y are ess5tially two elem5ts4 ,a fair presumption t1 aft] all1 s\l & _s are n p]haps "o & ! same "u two sev]al sets1 arises f a comp>ison ( man ) o!r creat$ spirits1 if only x be all[$ u to make a fur!r application ( a p>allel :i*1 on a c]ta9 hypo!sis1 we h already haz>d$4 ,=1 h[ev] problematical at mo/ ! results ( su* comp>isons may appe>1 /ill 9 su* cases z ! pres5t !y are (t5 v useful4 ,!y t5d1 at lea/1 to give a %>p & precise det]m9ation ( ! peculi> & *>act]i/ic features ( man's consci\sness4 ,n[1 ! free & pure spirits f> surpass man 9 en]gy ( w--9 activity & p[]--&1 secondly1 9 rapidity & cle>ness ( appreh5sion1 possess+ z !y d an intellect imm$iately intuitive4 ,9 ^! prop]ties1 z contra/$ ) ! mutability & weakness ( man's vacillat+ w1 ! sl[ness ( 8 grop+ & err+ intellect1 ! angels h greatly ! advantage ( man4 ,b1 on ! o!r h&1 ! human m9d or _s possesses 9 its peculi> creative f]tility a va/ pr]ogative1 :i* c n--n1 at lea/1 9 ! same degree--be ascrib$ ev5 to ! pure creatures ( light4 ,&1 9 tru?1 x is on ! s\l1 :i* is n m]ely receptive or s5ti5t1 b also inw>dly productive1 lov+ly creative1 & ev] giv+ new =ms & %apes to ! old & common1 t ! creative faculty ( inv5tion1 s di/9ctive ( man1 ultimately re/s4 ,at lea/1 x =ms ! inn] f\ndation & root out ( :i* x spr+s & rises4 ,fancy1 inde$1 ) its ext]nal %ape & visible manife/ion 9 art1 is only "o portion ( x4 ,b /ill ! o!r "p also ( ! s\l1 viz41 ! reason1 :5 direct$ to its "r end1 & s long z x rema9s )9 its natural limits1 is a faculty ( endless intellectual developm5t1 inf9ite advance1 & p]fectionm5t4 ,&1 9 tru?1 ! position is by no means new1 t p]fectibility or ! faculty ( endless improvem5t 7:i*1 h[ev]1 is associat$ ) an equally great & no less inf9ite faculty ( det]ioration71 is ! ess5tial & :olly peculi> pr]ogative ( man4 ,x is 8 *>act]i/ic prop]ty4 ,) reg>d to ! o!r aspect or portion ( ! same prop]ty1 ! productive fancy namely1 & its creative productions1 a simil> view to our own--&1 inde$1 "u ! same p>allel & hypo!sis--is express$ 9 ! poet's ass]tion already quot$-- 8,?y k ?\ %>e/ ) sup]ior spirits2 ,art1 oh man6 ?\ ha/ alone40#fc ,only ! t]m 8art0 mu/ "h be und]/ood 9 a wide & compreh5sive signification1 s z to take 9 language4 ,or1 r1 language itself is ! g5]al1 all-embrac+ art ( man4 ,= n[h]e does art ev9ce its peculi>1 int]nal1 & intellectual f]tility1 its creative faculty ( inv5tion1 s /rik+ z 9 ?is wond]ful /ructure ( human language1 ) its _m comp>tm5ts4 ,man1 we might well say1 9 g5]al t]ms1 is a production ( nature t has atta9$ to ! p]fection ( language4 ,9 o!r words1 he is a _s to :om1 be=e all o!r creatures1 ! ^w explanatory & decl>atory1 ! guid+1 ! communicative1 & ev5 ! comm&+ ^w1 is l5t1 imp>t$1 committ$1 or convey$1 & ev5 !re9 consi/s 8 orig9al1 m>vel\s1 & high dignity1 s f> surpass+ ! ord9>y /&>d ( creation4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 !re=e1 x is only natural & consi/5t1 i4e41 agreeable to man's nature & dignity1 t ! comp>ative juxtaposition & p>allel :i* is to lead to a m correct *>act]ization ( ! human m9d1 ) its peculi> faculties & prop]ties1 %\ld1 z ,i said1 be direct$ upw>d1 r ?an1 z is usually done1 d[nw>d to ! brutes1 & to ! animal consci\sness1 if1 inde$1 we may ju/ly ascribe su* to !m4 ,n[1 9 ?is me?od ( comp>ison ,i w\ld g a /ep f>!r1 = by s do+ ,i hope to promote ! m p]fect und]/&+ ( ! :ole1 & also to arrive at a correct & accurate notion ( ! sev]al faculties ( man's _s & ( ! p[]s ( 8 s\l4 ,:i*1 !n1 ( man's faculties or p[]s may be rightly attribut$ to ! ,deity1 & :i* n8 ,to answ] ?is "q1 h[ev]1 x is n my int5tion to ent] into any v difficult & ab/ruse inve/igations1 su* z w\ld nei!r be v apposite to ?is place1 & p]haps 7to speak g5]ally7 w\ld be absolutely )\t & beyond ! limits ( ! human und]/&+4 ,x w be suffici5t = my purpose ?r\gh\t to take = grant$ :at1 accord+ to ! univ]sal feel+ ( mank9d1 is g5]ally admitt$1 & :i* is ev5 z g5]ally intelligible1 z x is easy ( appreh5sion & cle>4 ,b :5 ,i ?us )\t hesitation take = grant$ a univ]sal belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( a div9e pr9ciple1 not)/&+ ! d\bt :i* 9 ! human m9d spr+s up aga9/ all else1 s also aga9/ ! highe/ object ( fai?1 ,i d s ) a delib]ate view & purpose4 ,= ,i %all res]ve ! solution ( ?is grave problem to a lat] p]iod ( my sket* & exposition ( ! ?9k+ consci\sness & ( a true liv+ sci5ce4 ,x is !re1 9 tru?1 t x w f9d its mo/ natural & appropriate place4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 = ! purposes ( our int5d$ comp>ison1 :i*1 z ! in/ance itself w prove1 is likely to be highly in/ructive1 x w be suffici5t if ,i conf9e myself to a s+le rem>k4 ,! little t we "k or c ) c]ta9ty pr$icate ( ,god may be compris$ almo/ 9 ! few words1 8,god is a _s40 ,x is by virtue ( ?is proposition t we ascribe to ,him an omnisci5t intellect & an all-mighty w4 ,bo? ^! attributes or p[]s ( ,god1 are1 x is self-evid5t1 9 ! mo/ p]fect h>mony1 & c sc>cely be sep>at$ f "o ano!r2 :]eas 9 man !y are frequ5tly widely div]g5t1 at times ev5 ho/ilely oppose ea* o!r1 & at be/ d b *eck & limit _! mutual action4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 arises ! "q :e!r 9 /rict propriety we may v5ture to ascribe to ! ,deity any ( ! o!r m5tal faculties & p[]s :i* man is consci\s (1 ?\gh on a great] & diff]5t scale1 & 9 a v ext5d$ s5se8 ,n[1 9 ! creative en]gy ( ,god1 !re is1 9 tru?1 compris$ ! pl5itude ( all f]tility1 &1 if x be all[able s to speak1 an inexhau/ible s\rce ( all inv5tion4 ,b /ill1 z e "o mu/ at once feel1 a productive faculty ( imag9ation & a creative fancy c n on ?is acc\nt be ascrib$ to ,him2 =1 7 we to d s1 we %\ld /ep at once into ! doma9 ( my?ology ) its fabul\s gods4 ,& ev5 z little1 9 /rict propriety & accuracy ( language1 c we attribute to ,god ! faculty ( reason1 :i*1 9 man1 is ! opposite ( fancy4 ,reason is ! connect+1 inf]r+1 discursive faculty ( ?\ght4 ,b all ?is1 ) its graduat$ s]ies ( ideas or conceptions1 is n applicable to ! ,deity1 = 9 ,him all mu/ be ?\ght ( z /&+ at once & imm$iately be=e ! div9e m9d1 or1 r1 z directly emanat+ f ,him4 ,consequ5tly1 9 a /rict s5se1 & foll[+ a rigor\s precision ( a ?or\ghly correct designation1 we may inde$ ascribe to ,god an imm$iately cognizant & intuitive und]/&+1 b n reason2 s9ce1 by ?is t]m1 x is only by a viol5t abuse ( language & a total conv]sion ( ideas t a faculty ( intellectual intuition c be und]/ood4 ,"o k9d alone1 or bran* ( reason1 is imm$iately intuitive2 & t is ! consci5ce1 or ! moral in/9ct1 = ! appreciation ( :atev] is good or evil1 "r or wrong4 ,?is might n inaptly be call$ an appli$ reason2 viz41 a reason appli$ to ! w & to its inmo/ motives1 & to its j comm5c+1 /ill in*oate det]m9ations1 out ( :i* ext]nal actions ultimately issue4 ,b ev5 because consci5ce is an imm$iate p]ception ( "r & wrong1 a moral in/9ct = good & evil1 &1 consequ5tly1 9 =m1 :olly di/9ct f t function ( reason :i* inf]s & d$uces consequ5ces1 ,i am indispos$ to give x su* a "n1 & w\ld r reg>d x z a peculi> faculty ( s\l or he>t1 subsi/+ by itself1 & int]m$iate betwe5 w & reason4 ,9 any case1 x w\ld be sup]flu\s to obs]ve h[ highly inappropriate x w\ld be to designate by ?is "n t w>n+ or punitive judicial vision ) :i* ,god looks ?r\gh & p5etrates ! inmo/ he>t1 ev5 ?\gh we mu/ seek "h ! root & orig9 ( ! lucid oracles & simple revelations ( ! human consci5ce4 ,z a prop]ty1 h[ev]1 x c only be ascrib$ to ^? be+s :o1 l man1 behold ! law ( ,god f> above !m1 b by no means to t ,be+ :o is ,himself ! sum & s\rce ( all moral laws4 ,b let u n[ rev]t to our fir/ "q ( ! pr$ication ( reason to ! ,deity4 ,if1 9 our pres5t reign+ sy/ems1 & especially 9 ! late/ ,g]man philosophy1 reason is1 not)/&+1 ascrib$ to ,him1 or1 r1 ! et]nal1 unconditional1 & absolute reason is itself call$ ,god1 & rationality is made to be ,8 ess5ce2 ?is is b ! imm$iate consequ5ce ( ! pr$om9antly pan!i/ic t5d5cy ( ^! sy/ems1 9 :i* ! ,deity is id5tifi$ ) ! mundane ,all1 & resolv$ into ! univ]sal ess5ce4 ,=1 inasmu* z x 0 felt t x c\ld n be m]ely ! all-produc+ & all-absorb+--! all-be>+1 inf9ite1 vital p[] ( ! hea!n sy/ems ( nature--&1 s9ce a m sci5tific designation 0 requir$1 no?+ rema9$ = ! totally ab/ract designation ( ! "o ,all1 b ! "n ( t faculty :i* ev5 9 ! human m9d =ms ! pr9ciple ( unity4 ,no d\bt1 9 ! prec$+ c5turies1 "o or two great tea*]s h employ$ v simil>1 if n id5tical expressions1 9 ref]5ce to ! ,deity2 /ill ?is1 to my m9d1 appe>s an exception f ! g5]al rule1 to be expla9$ & ju/ifi$ only by individual t]m9ology & po9ts ( view4 ,&1 at any rate1 x is mu* saf] to foll[ ! anci5t usage on ?is po9t4 ,accord+ly1 ,i h made x a law scrupul\sly to obs]ve x ?r\gh\t4 ,b if p w at once subv]t ! anci5t modes ( spee*1 & completely int]*ange & confuse ! ord9>y signification ( ! t]ms reason & und]/&+1 !n all mu/ naturally turn on ! ?+ itself & ! int]nal ?\ghts & ! prop] mean+ :i* lies at ! bottom ( !m4 ,& !n1 by a due consid]ation ( ^!1 a mutual und]/&+ may p]haps be ev5tually arriv$ at1 not)/&+ ! diff]5t modes ( spee*4 ,) mo/ ( ! writ]s & philosoph]s ( ! pres5t day ?is1 p]haps1 is sc>cely to be hop$ =4 ,! grave "q1 h[ev]1 "h 7& :i*1 z x lies at ! bottom1 mu/ ultimately decide on ?is diff]5ce ( phraseology71 is ?is--:e!r philosophy 9 g5]al is1 accord+ to ! rationali/ic way ( ?9k+1 a m]e philosophy ( reason1 or a high] philosophy ( ! _s & ( spiritual revelation1 or1 inde$1 ( a div9e exp]i5ce4 ,fur!r1 :5ev]1 9 ! old5 phraseology1 !re are ascrib$ to ! ,deity1 memory & ev5 desires1 n to say impulses1 :i*1 view$ ne>ly 9 ! same light z man's appetites & passions1 are designat$ by ! same t]ms1 all ?is is to be und]/ood 9 ! same way z ! expressions conc]n+ ,8 all-see+ eye1 ,8 e>1 & ,8 mighty arm4 ,!y are m]ely figurative & symbolical phrases4 ,9 ! use ( !m !re is no pret5sion to sci5tific accuracy1 ) :i* und]/&+ & w are univ]sally & actually ascrib$ to ,him4 ,!y are devoid ev5 ( t app>5t probability :i* gives rise to ! "q1 :e!r imag9ation & reason c1 ) ! same propriety z ! =m] two1 be attribut$ to ,him4 ,) z little tru? c a s\l be ascrib$ to ,him4 ,= ?is is1 exclusively1 a passive faculty2 :]eas1 9 ,god1 all is en]gy & activity4 ,! expression1 h[ev]1 ( a s\l ( ,god1 is f\nd1 by way ( exception f ! g5]al usage1 9 a few among anci5t writ]s4 ,a m correct mode ( indicat+ :at is meant by ?is t]m w\ld be to say t ,god is love1 & t love is ev5 ,8 ess5ce4 ,or ! same idea w\ld be well convey$ by speak+1 "u ! =m ( a liv+ =ce & prop]ty1 ( ,god's fa!rly he>t z ! c5t] ( ,8 be+1 ( ,8 omnipot5ce & omnisci5ce1 & ( ! inf9ite love :i* results f ! two4 ,no d\bt ev5 ?is expression ( ,god's fa!rly he>t is m]ely figurative & symbolical4 ,/ill x is "o ( high significance1 &1 z su*1 x is n a m]e figure )\t mean+4 ,=1 ! high] & pr(\nd] spiritual philosophy1 f ,plato d[n to ,leibnitz1 has ev] purposely employ$ su* symbols & figures to indicate t :i* prop]ly is inexpressible4 ,9 fact1 x has always pref]r$ !m to ! ab/ract notions employ$ by ! rationaliz+ sy/ems ( our own lifeless metaphysics ( naught1 :i*1 z !y are void 9 !mselves1 s d !y 9 reality say no?+4 ,?us1 !n1 has ! v fir/ /ep 9 ?is comp>ative psy*ology c>ri$ u1 at once1 to ! utmo/ limits ( :at is kn[able by man4 ,/ill x has t5d$1 9 pass+1 to place 9 an em95tly di/9ct light _m important matt]s & ess5tial prop]ties & faculties :i* belong to our pres5t sph]e ( psy*ological inquiry4 ,x is n[1 h[ev]1 necess>y = me to turn my reg>ds back to ! po9t f :i* we />t$4 ,9 ord] to comm5ce our philosophy ( life ) ! c5t] ( life & ( man's :ole consci\sness1 we set out f a psy*ological fact1 :i* imm$iately impresses itself on ! awak5+ consci\sness4 ,?is fact is ! p]ception ( ! discord :i* reigns 9 our entire self1 & especially ( ! deep-root$ diss5sion :i*1 9 _! usual /ate1 divides ! f\r pr9cipal faculties ( ! consci\sness1 accord+ to ! tw(old contr>iety ( und]/&+ & w1 & ( reason & fancy4 ,i w "h m]ely add ! rem>k1 t fur!r /ill1 ano!r ess5tial prop]ty ( man1 & a /ate equally *>act]i/ic & peculi> to him1 is closely associat$ )1 &1 inde$1 is gr\nd$ 9 ?is int]nal discord1 viz41 ! fre$om ( ! w & ! /ate ( d\bt4 ,n[1 ?is fre$om ( w :i* belongs to man is v diff]5t f ! fre$om ( ,god1 or ev5 f t ( ! pure spirits :o 7 fir/ creat$4 ,! notion ( free w1 h[ev]1 is s deeply & firmly gr\nd$ 9 our inmo/ feel+s1 t man's univ]sal conviction ( x c nev] be :olly und]m9$ by any d\bts ( ! reason1 h[ev] subtilely advanc$1 &1 9 appe>ance1 demon/ratively urg5t4 ,no objection or difficulty c totally ext+ui% & annihilate ! p]suasion ( its tru? )9 our brea/4 ,= ev5 aft] ! greate/ %ock :i* our fai? 9 ourselves may su/a91 ei!r f reflection or f subtilely ref9+ on ! subject--aft] :at1 app>5tly1 is a complete refutation ( its tru?1 ?is div9e & inborn prejudice 7if ,i may s t]m x7 ( our intr9sic fre$om /ill spr+s up aga94 ,z ! inext+ui%able vital flame ( ! _s1 x rises anew f ! expir+ emb]s ( ^? dead5+ d\bts1 :i* are !mselves no?+ m ?an ! dead notions & null phantoms ( a false semblance ( ?\ght4 ,n[ ?is fre$om ( w is a lib]ty ( *oice1 i4e41 a w long vacillat+ betwe5 two diff]5t s]ies ( ideas--( oppos+ gr\nds & reasons1 &1 at la/1 decid+ = "o or ! o!r4 ,?is volition1 h[ev]1 is1 by its nature1 s little decid$1 & frequ5tly f9ds s great difficulty 9 com+ to a decision1 t ev5 :5 ext]nally x has already conclud$ its delib]ations1 x (t5 becomes aga9 undecid$ & beg9s anew to hesitate4 ,or ?is fre$om ( *oice 9 man may o!rwise be describ$ & ?\ght ( z a decision ( ! und]/&+1 :i* comp>es toge!r two diff]5t volitions1 c>efully weighs ! conflict+ gr\nds 9 favor ( ea*1 &1 at la/1 9 its f9al judgm5t1 recognizes ! pref]5ce to "o or ! o!r4 ,consequ5tly1 ?is free w & *oice1 s peculi> to man1 dep5ds intimately & ess5tially ^u t controv]sy betwe5 und]/&+ & w1 :i*1 if n inborn1 has become1 at lea/1 a second nature to him4 ,i h spok5 ( ?is fre$om ( w z peculi> to man1 s9ce x is n necess>y1 & r w\ld be a mo/ arbitr>y hypo!sis1 7 we to g s f> z to ass]t1 t1 assum+ ! exi/5ce ( o!r free b creat$ ess5ces1 our own special k9d ( fre$om is ! only possible & conceivable "o4 ,/ill1 = our pres5t purpose1 x is all[able to make su* a purely hypo!tical simile & comp>ison1 if 7a po9t on :i* ! exp]im5t itself mu/ decide7 x be likely to r5d] our own peculi> =m ( consci\sness m intelligible & conceivable4 ,9 ?is s5se1 !n1 we may g on to say1 t we mu/ conceive ! lib]ty ( ! bless$ spirits z be+ 9 its ess5ce v diff]5t f t ( man's4 ,z su* x belongs to be+s :o h long pass$ beyond ! probation ( ! /ill undecid$ *oice1 or :o1 at ! v beg9n+ ( _! exi/5ce1 71 by ! design ( ! ,creator1 )drawn f x1 & h1 consequ5tly1 atta9$ to et]nal fre$om1 toge!r ) undi/urb$ & undi/urbable peace 9 ,god1 :o is ! sum & inexhau/ible s\rce1 z well z ! unfa?omable1 ( all fre$om1 no less ?an ( all life4 ,b ev5 irrespectively ( ?is fre$om ( *oice = actual life & its p>ticul> objects & motives--irrespectively1 also1 ( ! fre$om :i* is conv]sant ab\t ext]nal actions1 & ( ! inw>d mov+ causes ( ! w :i* conta9 ! fir/ gr\nd & hidd5 g]m ( ! =m]1 & ( t /ate ( unc]ta9ty :i* foll[s !refrom1 & :i* n unfrequ5tly long vacillates betwe5 "o side & ano!r--!re are1 also1 9 pure ?\ght1 simply z su*1 a simil> /ate ( int]nal hesitation or d\bt--i4e41 ( a ?\ght ho/ilely attack+1 und]m9+ & de/roy+1 d5y+1 & annihilat+ ev5 consci\sness & cogitation itself4 ,left :olly to ourselves1 :51 clos+ our reg>ds to ! ext]nal _w1 & )\t any def9ite object1 we calmly commit ourselves to ! /ream ( purely int]nal ?\ght1 we soon become s5sible ( ?is fact4 ,on ! "o h&1 !re cr[d on ! m9d ! impressions ( ! outw>d s5ses1 & ! manifold creations ( ! peculi>1 nev]-re/+ faculty ( cogitation1 seek+ to ga9 ! ma/]y ov] & to c>ry x along ) !m4 ,on ! o!r side1 ! di/+ui%+ & disc]n+ reason comes 9 ) its que/ions & d\bts1 & *emical analysis1 to resolve e ?+ f9ally into naught1 & to expla9 all ! conceptions ( ! m9d z gr\ndless & unsub/antial1 z s _m pure illusions ( ! s5ses1 conceits ( caprice1 prejudices ( a limit$ und]/&+1 & m]e pictures or creations ( fancy4 ,?us1 !n1 ! ev]-swell+ flood ( ?\ght 9 man's inn] be+ & cogitation is n any calmly-fl[+ /ream1 9 :i* wave quietly foll[s & succe$s to wave1 z ?r\gh ri* & f]tile pla9s x pursues its c\rse f "s di/ant s\rce to ! wide & op5 sea4 ,! fe>ful conflict ( ?\ght is r "s d\ble curr5t1 :]e1 amid ! crags & rocks1 ! p5t-9 wat]s1 conf9+ "o ano!r1 beat up into foam+ break]s--or1 /ill m dang]\s1 b5ea? _! app>5tly calm & smoo? surface1 !y =m ! te>+ :irlpool ) its bottomless abyss1 :i*1 at ! lea/ incauti\s approa*1 hurries1 irresi/ibly1 into its vortex ! toss+ little boat ( man's brief exi/5ce4 ,= ! mo/ "p x is only 9 natures orig9ally1 at lea/1 highly end[$ & noble1 t d\bt & ?is int]nal /ruggle ( ?\ght rise to ! height ( despair4 ,^! alone are f9ally driv51 by ! rejection ( all belief 9 !mselves1 into utt] ru9 bo? ( s\l & _s4 ,! t5d5cy1 h[ev]1 to a /ate ( /ruggle & d\bt is univ]sal4 ,x seems to be no?+ less ?an a *>act]i/ic prop]ty ( human nature1 & to h its f\ndation 9 ! diss5sion subsi/+ betwe5 reason & fancy1 :i* has s firmly e/abli%$ itself 9 ! m9d ( man4 ,x may happ51 no d\bt1 t 9 a m9d ^: op9ions are settl$ bo? 9 !ory & practice1 no in/ability w be f\nd to subsi/ 9 ! plans :i* guide & regulate life1 b t1 on ! contr>y1 !y are1 on ! :ole1 foll[$ out ) fix$ resolution & decid$ en]gy4 ,& yet1 ev5 9 su* a case1 p>ticul> d\bts w occasionally arise affect+ _m matt]s 7:i*1 al?\gh subord9ate to ! fundam5tal laws ( life1 are1 nev]!less1 f> f be+ unimportant71 s z to =ce ^u u ! rem>k1 or ev5 to extort ! confession t1 9 g5]al1 su* a /ate ( immovable det]m9ation does n belong to human nature1 & t ?is int]nal conflict =ms "o elem5t ( t w>f>e ( life to :i* man is call$4 ,! pr$isposition to ?is ,i h ref]r$ to ! discord betwe5 reason & fancy1 &1 = brevity's sake1 ,i h employ$1 ?r\gh\t1 ! latt] designation = x4 ,i mu/1 h[ev]1 avail myself ( ! pres5t occasion to obs]ve1 t fancy is n limit$ m]ely to poetry & ! f9e arts1 & _! respective creations1 b inasmu* z all productive ?\ght belongs to ! imag9ation 9 ! same way t ! negative does to ! reason1 x also co-op]ates m or less ) sci5ce4 ,x is1 !re=e1 *iefly 9 ?is latt] & l>g] s5se t we "h employ ! t]m1 s9ce x is f ! contradictions ( ! productive & negative ?\ght t ! /ruggle & /ate ( d\bt arise4 ,! fir/ tru?1 !n1 t psy*ology arrives at1 is ! int]nal discord )9 our f\rfold & divid$ consci\sness4 ,hav+ comm5c$ ) a slight *>act]i/ic sket* ( ?is fact1 ,i h attempt$ to give a fur!r & deep] gr\nd+1 & to inve/ x ) a high] & pr(\nd] significance4 ,to ?is fir/ p]ception we app5d$1 z ! second memb] 9 ! s]ies ( our philosophical inve/igation1 ! idea ( a triplicity ( consci\sness z re/or$ to its p]fect & liv+ action4 ,accord+ to ?is view1 ! simple division ( ! m9d is into _s1 s\l1 & s5se4 ,& ?is w1 9 all our subsequ5t ,lectures1 =m ! basis ( our psy*ological reflections on ! human m9d4 ,x w also s]ve z ! transition f ! ord9>y /ate ( ! consci\sness 9 discord ) itself1 & ) its f\rfold division1 to ! reunit$ triple consci\sness4 ,we %all make x ! />t+-po9t & fir/ /ep 9 ?is philosophy1 :i*1 z x sets out f life1 is also to lead to a high] life4 ,b n[1 ev5 9 ! m9d's ord9>y /ate !re are _m su* beg9n+s ( a high] ord] ( ?+s--_m mom5ts ( a m conc5trat$ en]gy1 :i* bespeak a jo9t op]ation ( ! o!rwise divid$ faculties & p[]s ( s\l & _s1 & h = _! result a p>tial re/oration1 at lea/1 ( h>mony to ?is o!rwise dismemb]$ :ole4 ,among ^! ,i w\ld m5tion1 fir/ ( all1 t inn] fixity ( "*1 :]e ?\ght1 w1 & conduct are consi/5t ?r\gh\t2 secondly1 a true arti/ic g5ius 9 ! creations bo? ( poetic & pla/ic fancy4 ,la/ly1 !re is t ard5t & dis9t]e/$ love1 ) its magnanim\s self-sacrifices1 :i*1 ?\gh x surpasses all ! limits ( reason1 c n1 nev]!less1 be look$ ^u z a m]e imag9ation or illusion ( fancy1 =m+ z x does a pr(\nd & natural en]gy ( ! human s\l1 & con/itut+ 9 tru? its true & prop] ess5ce4 ,no d\bt ! ext]nal ph5om5on & effect ( ?is elevat$ pr9ciple ( ! s\l is (t5 t>ni%$ & less5$ by ! dull admixture ( e>?ly ardor1 & ! bewild]m5t ( passion4 ,a true & p]fect manife/ation ( ! feel+1 consequ5tly1 is no less r>e ?an ! truly felicit\s creations ( real arti/ic g5ius4 ,/ill x is to x t we mu/ look = ! fir/ pr9ciple ( a high] liv+ ?\ght & ! true sci5ce !re(4 ,! truly lov+ s\l ne$s only ! excitem5t & guidance ( a m9d or _s rip5$ & matur$ 9 div9e exp]i5ce4 ,accord+ly1 ! consci\sness ?us re/or$ to unity & complet5ess ( p]fection becomes actively op]ative 9 its triple en]gy4 ,& 9 ! same mann] ! _s /riv+ ) mo/ ard5t aspiration aft] ! div9e1 requires no?+ b su* an animat+ contact ) ! lov+ s\l1 9 ord] to atta9 fully & effectually to its desir$ end4 ,9 ! s]ies ( comb9+ elem5ts or pr9ciples ( union = ! o!rwise divid$ consci\sness !re is yet ano!r ph5om5on1 bo? great & compreh5sive 9 itself1 & :i* also reveals itself z su* 9 actual life & exp]i5ce4 ,& ?is ph5om5on is furni%$ by language1 ) its wond]ful v>iety & yet truly arti/ic uni=mity4 ,= x is ! vital product ( ! :ole inn] man4 ,all ! faculties bo? ( s\l & _s1 h[ev] discordant g5]ally1 comb9e ea*1 9 _! full %>e & measure1 to p]fect ?is _! conjo9t production4 ,& yet1 aft] all1 _m traces ( inh]5t imp]fection are visible !re94 ,x is only 9 ! highe/ creations ( arti/ic g5ius1 manife/+ itself ei!r 9 poetry or "s o!r =m ( language1 & !n only 9 ! brighte/ & happie/ mom5ts ( inspiration1 t we meet ) ! p]fect h>mony ( a complete & unit$ consci\sness1 9 :i* all its faculties "w toge!r 9 comb9$ & liv+ action4 ,9 language1 all ! f\r pr9cipal p[]s h a ne>ly equal "p & %>e4 ,! grammatical /ructure1 ! rules = ! *anges & decl5sions ( words1 & _! syntax1 are furni%$ by ! reason4 ,f ! fancy1 on ! o!r h&1 is d]iv$ :atev] is figurative2 & h[ v f> does n ?is rea*1 ext5d+ z x does into ! prim>y & natural signification ( words1 :i* (t5 no long] exi/s1 or at lea/ is r>ely traceable8 ,la/ly1 ! cle> & di/9ct arrangem5t ( ! p>ts1 ! nicely-f9i%$ & beautiful %ape ( ! :ole ( any composition1 :e!r poetical or rhetorical1 civil or sci5tific1 are ! contributions ( ! und]/&+4 ,& s1 also1 :atev] is truly *>act]i/ic--:atev]1 9 %ort1 goes beyond ! m]e in/9ctive cry ( animal nature1 & ! *ildlike1 (t-times *ildi% imitation ( ext]nal s\nds--9 %ort1 t deep & spiritual significance1 t *>act]i/ic mean+ :i*1 9 ! orig9al /em-syllable & radical words ( "s ri* old language1 inv>iably is reg>d$ z a beauty1 mu/ be ascrib$ to ! und]/&+1 :i* s pr(\ndly seizes & precisely designates :atev] is peculi>1 unless1 p]haps1 x is pref]r$ to assign x to an imm$iate feel+1 :i* wond]fully h>monizes ) or responds to x4 ,moreov]1 ! magic =ce ( a comm&+ w1 :i* c>ries all be=e x by its intr9sic en]gy1 is at lea/ noticeable 9 ^? few brilliant passages ( highe/ inspiration or p]fect poetic del9eation1 f ^: cle> & p]spicu\s language1 ! app>5tly ineffable1 %9+ =? l an electric sp>k1 k9dles & influ5ces e s5sitive & k9dr$ m9d4 ,b be=e ,i g deep] into ! "q ( ! orig9 ( language1 & exam9e ! correct idea ( ?is all-embrac+ & wond]ful faculty ( spee*1 z man's mo/ rem>kable & peculi> prop]ty1 ,i w\ld call y\r att5tion to ! intimate connection subsi/+ betwe5 ?\ght & spee*1 :i* is ?r\gh\t reciprocal4 ,= z spee* mu/ be reg>d$ z a ?9k+1 outw>dly project$ & manife/$1 s1 too1 ?9k+ itself is b an inw>d speak+ & a nev]-end+ dialogue ) "o's self4 ,judg+1 f all appe>ances1 ! consci\sness ( animals1 s f> z we are ju/ifi$ 9 ascrib+ x to !m1 is p]fectly simple1 b sadly defective & limit$4 ,b ev5 "h1 h[ev]1 ! sev]al melodi\s c\rses ( irrational & seem+ly unconsci\s s\nds appe> l s _m e*oes ( a bett] =etime--lo/ traces ( anci5t memory1 & :i*1 toge!r ) ! mov+ & m\rnful cry ( deep1 pa9ful long+1 seem to make tol]ably cle> to u ! notion ( ! creature wait+ & groan+ = its emancipation4 ,highly simple1 too1 b 9 q a diff]5t respect1 is ! consci\sness or ?\ght ( ! free spirits 9 _! pure activity1 su* z we may & ought to repres5t x to ourselves--l ! ray ( light :i* 9 its rapid desc5t p5etrates all space4 ,b m>vel\sly intricate1 on ! o!r h&1 & highly complicat$1 is ! s manifoldly ri*1 &1 at ! same "t1 s v]satile & *angeable consci\sness ( man4 ,su*1 at lea/1 is ! impression :i* a s]i\s & se>*+ glance into ! unfa?omable dep?s ( our inw>d man en=ces ^u u4 ,&1 inde$1 j z 9 ! triple op]ation ( ! consci\sness1 :5 re/or$ to ! full p]fection ( life1 we may trace a c]ta9 fa9t signature ( man's pri/9e lik5ess to ! ,creator1 s also a slight ve/ige ( ! same k9d is1 we might fancy1 discov]able 9 its unfa?omable dep?1 :i*1 h[ev]1 n[ reveals itself 9 q a diff]5t =m f its orig9al nature1 & appe>s to be conv]t$ into its opposite4 ,h[ (t5 does ! ?\ght t seeks to p5etrate ! my/]ies ( nature--! hidd5 ?9k] )9 man--believe t he has completely solv$ ! riddle ( exi/5ce1 & is able to expla9 & rightly int]pret ! _m-mean+ b obscure words ( ! sph9x )9 u6 ,& ev5 !n1 :5 he mo/ flatt]s himself ) 8 own +5uity1 ?is mis]able dipus ( 8 own de/9y is /rick5 ) ev5 m fatal & incurable bl9dness ?an ! old ,!ban1 & c n disc]n ! abyss ( error into :i* 8 :ole life has be5 hurry+1 & into :i* x is at la/ plung$ headlong & precipitat$4 ,ev] labor+ to seize ! *ang+ ,proteus ( its own self1 our ,ego may1 p]haps1 (t5 arrive at a r>e amazem5t at ! enigma ( exi/5ce1 & also is ev5 seiz$ _m a "t ) a light t]ror4 ,nev]1 h[ev]1 by itself1 let x ?9k & seek z x may1 w x be able1 )\t "s o!r guide1 to f9d ! object ( its long+1 &1 9 its tragic bl9dness1 to discov] ! clue ( ! labyr9?ic mazes ( its own ?\ghts1 & at la/ to arrive at h>mony ) itself4 ,s pr(\nd1 moreov]1 & la/+ is ?is our intr9sic dualism & duplicity--7& ,i use ! t]m "h1 n 9 its usual moral s5se1 b 9 a high] signification1 :i* is purely psy*ological & metaphysical7--s deeply is ?is dualism root$ 9 our consci\sness1 t ev5 :5 we are1 or at lea/ ?9k ourselves alone1 we /ill ?9k z two1 & are con/ra9$1 z x 71 to recognize our inmo/ pr(\nde/ be+ z ess5tially dramatic4 ,?is colloquy ) self1 or g5]ally1 ?is int]nal dialogue1 is s p]fectly t natural =m ( human ?9k+1 t ev5 ! sa9tly solit>ies ( bygone c5turies1 :o1 9 ! ,egyptian des]ts or ! ,alp9e h]mitages1 devot$ a half life to m$itation on div9e ?+s & my/]ies1 7 (t5 n able o!rwise to indicate ! result ( su* m$itations1 to inve/ x 9 ano!r dress1 to br+ x into any o!r =m ( exposition ?an t ( a dialogue ( ! s\l ) ,god4 ,& 9 all religions1 :at prop]ly is true pray] b a k9d ( dialogue1 a confid5tial op5+ ( ! he>t to ! univ]sal ,fa!r1 or a filial solicitation ( ,8 b5evol5ce8 ,b to pass ov] at once to ! directly opposite aspect ( ! matt]3 ev5 9 ! classical works ( cultivat$ antiquity1 at a "t :5 ^! dep?s ( a loveful feel+ 7 n yet s widely develop$1 nor s completely reveal$ & unveil$1 we meet ) ?is same ph5om5on 9 ano!r =m1 & "o inde$ ( ! highe/ intellectual cle>ness & brilliancy--9 ! graceful ornam5t1 viz41 ( a truly exquisite diction4 ,i am allud+ to ! *>act]i/ic di/9ction ( ! disc\rses & tea*+ ( ,socrates--t peculi> irony1 su* z x is f\nd 9 ! ,platonic dialogues1 & ( :i* only a v slight trace is to be f\nd 9 ! works ( "s ( ! e>lie/ poets4 ,= :at else is ?is sci5tific irony ( ! inquir+ ?\ght & ( ! highe/ cognition1 ?an a consci\sness :i*1 :ile x cle>ly p]ceives ! secret contradictions :i* beset ! m9d1 ev5 9 its mo/ e>ne/ pursuit ( ! highe/ aim ( life1 has atta9$1 nev]!less1 to p]fect h>mony ) itself4 ,i mu/ n1 h[ev]1 omit to rem9d y t ?is t]m 9 mod]n phraseology has fall5 v f> bel[ its prim>y mean+1 & is (t5 s tak5 z to designate no?+ m ?an a m]e playful mock]y4 ,9 its orig9al ,socratic s5se1 h[ev]1 su* z x is f\nd 9 ! :ole s]ies ( ! ?\ght & ! int]nal /ructure ( ,plato's dialogues1 :]e x is develop$ to its fulle/ measure & proportion1 irony signifies no?+ else ?an ?is amazem5t ( ! ?9k+ _s at itself1 :i* s (t5 dissolves 9 a light1 g5tle laugh4 ,& ?is light laugh aga9 (t5times b5ea? its *e]ful surface conceals & involves a deep] & pr(\nd] s5se1 ano!r & a high] significance1 ev5 ! mo/ exalt$ s]i\sness4 ,9 ! ?or\ghly dramatic developm5t & exposition ( ?\ght :i* we meet ) 9 ! works ( ,plato1 ! dialogical =m is ess5tially pr$om9ant4 ,ev5 if all ! sup]scriptions ( names & p]sons1 all =ms ( address & reply1 &1 9 %ort1 ! :ole conv]sational g>b1 7 tak5 away f x1 & we 7 m]ely to foll[ ! inn] ?reads ( ! ?\ght accord+ to _! connection & c\rse1 ! :ole w\ld1 nev]!less1 rema9 a dialogue1 :]e ea* answ] calls =? a new "q1 & ! eddy+ /ream ( spee* & c\nt]-spee*1 or1 r1 ( ?\ght & c\nt]-?\ght1 moves liv+ly onw>d4 ,& unque/ionably ?is =m ( inn] dialogue is1 if n 9 e case equally applicable & absolutely necess>y1 /ill x is all b ess5tial1 & at lea/ highly natural & v appropriate to e =m ( liv+ ?\ght & its vivid enunciation4 ,& 9 ?is s5se ev5 ! cont9u\s unbrok5 spee* ( a s+le p]son may also assume ! "* ( a dialogue4 ,yes1 ,i mu/ confess t z x is my fir/ object to atta9 to ! greate/ possible p]spicuity ( a vivid developm5t ( ideas1 ,i %\ld !n mo/ confid5tly believe t ,i _h ga9$ my end1 if ! pres5t ,lectures %\ld 9 any degree make ! same impression on y z a dialogue w\ld--if !y %\ld appe> l a s]ies ( que/ions1 to :i* "s ( y1 if n ?r\gh\t1 yet "h & !re1 %\ld 9 y\r he>t give a tacit answ] & ass5t--or ev5 7& 9 ?is case /ill m s1 inde$7 if1 9 ! :ole context ( ^! ,lectures1 y %\ld f9d & believe to discov] = _m que/ions :i* y\r own he>ts1 y\r own reflections & life itself sugge/$1 if n a full1 satisfactory answ]1 yet at lea/ "o directly meet+ ! difficulty1 & full ( sugge/ions = its solution4 ,,lecture ,,iii4 ,true irony--= !re also is a false "o--is ! irony ( love4 ,x arises out ( ! feel+ ( f9it5ess & "o's own limitation1 & out ( ! app>5t contradiction betwe5 ?is feel+ & ! idea ( inf9ity :i* is involv$ 9 all true love4 ,z 9 actual life & 9 ! love :i* c5t]s 9 an e>?ly object1 a good-humor$ raill]y1 :i* amuses itself ) "s little defect ( "*1 ei!r app>5t or real1 is n inconsi/5t ) s9c]ity--n1 at lea/1 :5 bo? p>ties h no d\bt ( ea* o!r's affection1 & its ardor admits ( no increase--b1 on ! contr>y1 l5ds to x an agreeable *>m1 ev5 s is ?is true ( t o!r & highe/ love4 ,"h1 too1 an app>5t1 or x may be an actual1 b /ill only insignificant & trivial contradiction1 c n de/roy ! idea on :i* su* a love is bas$1 b1 on ! contr>y1 s]ves r to confirm & /r5g!n x4 ,b only !re :]e love has rea*$ ! highe/ purity--has become pr(\ndly confirm$ & p]fect--does ?is appe>ance ( contradiction1 :i* is ?r[n out 9 an affectionate irony1 fail to alloy or weak5 all high] & bett] feel+4 ,& :at o!r f\ndation c\ld a philosophy ( life well h & recognize z legitimate ?an ! idea ( su* a love8 ,& ?is is ev5 t supposition ( life1 viz41 ( ! inn] life1 ( :i* ,i =m]ly said t x is ! only "o :i* philosophy requires1 & f :i* alone x mu/ set out4 ,only x is requisite t ?is love %\ld be p]sonally exp]i5c$ or inw>dly felt1 & ! notion ( x d]iv$ f imm$iate exp]i5ce4 ,directly oppos$ to ^? arbitr>y sy/ems :i* compose ! reign+ philosophy ( ! day1 ! philosophy ( life is a sci5ce ( int]nal spiritual exp]i5ce1 :i*1 z x proce$s f1 s x e :]e re/s on facts2 ?\gh inde$ ! facts on :i* x is gr\nd$1 & to :i* x has inv>iably to ref]1 are 9 _m respects ( a high & peculi> k9d4 ,on ?is acc\nt philosophy may ev5 be call$ a sci5ce ( div9e exp]i5ce4 ,if man _h nev]1 &1 9 %ort1 7 incapable ( hav+ any exp]i5ce ( div9e ?+s1 :at c\ld he "k ( ! ,deity ) c]ta9ty8 ,a k devoid ( exp]i5ce w\ld be b ! arbitr>y creation or illusion ( 8 own m9d--an inw>d fancy1 or ! m]e reflex ( 8 own reason--consequ5tly an absolute nullity4 ,& = su* a k ! task w\ld ev] be difficult to get rid ( a m]e ideali/ic conception ( ! ,div9e ,be+1 or at lea/ to repel ! d\bt :e!r ,he be actually any ?+ m ?an :at su* a conception repres5ts ,him4 ,&1 9 fact1 9 mo/ treatises & elaborate developm5ts ( t sy/em ( ?\ght :i* makes man's self ! exclusive pr9ciple & /&>d ( tru?1 ! mann] ( treat+ ! div9e nature is extremely sup]ficial4 ,su* purely =mal & empty notions on ?is subject are advanc$1 t we are (t5 ju/ifi$ 9 apply+ to ^! speculations on ! highe/ topic ( human language & ?\ght1 ! rem>k t applies too (t5 to l[] sci5tific treatises3 8,?us x is t m5 write :o h no real k ( ! matt]40 8,"h we at once see !re is a total want ( p]sonal obs]vation2 ! "w is n bas$ on any solid f\ndation ( actual exp]i5ce40 ,n[ ! philosophy ( life1 9 its highe/ range at lea/1 is a div9e sci5ce ( exp]i5ce4 ,?is exp]i5ce1 h[ev]1 is ?r\gh\t int]nal & spiritual4 ,x is !re=e easily conceivable t x c ent] readily & easily into all o!r exp]im5tal sci5ces1 & into ^? especially :i* m imm$iately relate to man1 z1 = in/ance1 mo/ ( ! bran*es ( natural hi/ory1 & /ill m into philology1 ) :i* at pres5t we are mo/ imm$iately conc]n$4 ,& ?is x does1 9 ord] to borr[ su* illu/rations & comp>isons z may t5d to elucidate or fur!r to develop its own subject-matt]1 or else to furni% applications to individual cases 9 o!r dep>tm5ts ( life4 ,h[ev]1 9 ?us proce$+1 philosophy mu/ take he$ le/ x ov]pass its own prop] limits or =get its true end & aim4 ,x mu/ n g too deeply into p>ticul>s1 or lose itself among ! specialities ( ! o!r sci5ces4 ,on ! contr>y1 x ought c>efully to conf9e itself to ^? po9ts :i* m imm$iately conc]n man1 & especially ! inn] man1 &1 adh]+ to ! mean+ & _s ( ! :ole1 seek to elucidate & ?r[ out ?is pre-em95tly4 ,! "q z to ! orig9 ( language1 or1 m correctly1 ! "q h[ man atta9$ to ! capacity = ?is wond]ful gift or faculty ( spee*1 :i* =ms s consid]able & ess5tial a "p ( 8 :ole nature1 if x is to be tak5 m]ely z a matt] ( hi/orical rese>* & philosophical le>n+1 lies out ( ! circle :i* we h m>k$ out to ourselves4 ,a discussion exclusively conf9$ to ?is special bran* ( philology has little 9 unison ) speculations involv+ ! inn] exp]i5ce ( life & psy*ological obs]vation4 ,!re are two op9ions pretty g5]ally diffus$ on ?is subject3 ! "o ma9ta9+ t !re is "o prim>y & orig9al language1 f :i*1 z a /em1 all o!rs h bran*$ =?2 & ! o!r1 t sev]al 7 cotemporane\sly =m$4 ,^! op9ions1 z unfavorably affect+ ! "r und]/&+ ( ! ess5tial connection betwe5 language or spee* & ?\ght1 ,i w\ld wi% to keep out ( view1 & consequ5tly ,i %all dismiss !m ) a few pass+ rem>ks4 ,! "o is f\nd$ on an errone\s hypo!sis1 & is itself false4 ,x is 9 op5 contradiction to facts1 z we n[ "k !m ) tol]able complet5ess4 ,z = ! o!r1 ev5 if x be n 9 itself truly & prop]ly false1 x is1 nev]!less1 bas$ on a great misconception1 or at lea/1 z x is commonly prop\nd$1 involves "o4 ,! =m] !ory consi/s 9 ?is1 t language g5]ally1 or1 r1 sev]al cotempor>y languages1 z fundam5tally di/9ct f ea* o!r z ! sev]al races ( m51 :o1 z ?is view ass]ts1 sprung up out ( ! e>?1 & its primeval slime1 7 =m$ spontane\sly by a p]fectly natural process4 ,to ! m]e animal cries & v>i\s in/9ctive exclamations1 ei!r ( joy & grief1 ( passion & want1 7 associat$ ! delib]ate imitation1 toge!r ) a *ildlike mimicry ( diff]5t s\nds1 simil> to :at we may ev5 n[ obs]ve 9 *ildr51 ) :om su* mimic intonations & mock+ ^w-play is a common & favorite amusem5t4 ,f su* s5su\s beg9n+s1 x is pret5d$1 a language might h gr[n up1 gradually & sl[ly1 inde$1 to ! height ( rationality & grammatic =m & ord]4 ,t ^! two elem5ts--! animal cries ( nature & ! me*anical imitation ( s\nds--h contribut$ to ! developm5t ( language1 is a position t ne$s n & c n be controv]t$4 ,?is elem5t1 h[ev]1 is n f\nd 9 all languages 9 equal measure4 ,x is /ronge/ 9 ^? languages :i* /& at ! v l[e/ grade ( developm5t4 ,among o!rs1 aga91 :i* hav+ atta9$ v rapidly to maturity1 & hav+ at an e>ly p]iod bran*$ (f into sev]al o!rs1 appe>1 9 _! mo/ anci5t /ate1 highly intellectual & significant1 x is sc>cely traceable4 ,b a fatal objection to ! hypo!sis z expla9+ ! univ]sal & complete pr9ciple ( ! ph5om5on ( language 9 all its ramifications1 is ! fact t ! noble/ & mo/ cultivat$ languages are f\nd1 ^u inve/igation into _! e>lie/ /ate1 to possess1 ev5 at ?is date1 ! mo/ artificial =m1 & to be manifoldly ri*1 & at ! same "t highly regul> & simple4 ,& ?is is pre-em95tly ! case ) ! ,sanscrit or ,indian1 9 comp>ison ) ! ,greek1 ,lat91 & o!r k9dr$ languages ( ! ,we/ & ,nor?4 ,9 ^?1 on ! o!r h&1 :i* appe> to be at ! v l[e/ grade ( intellectual culture 7& g5]ally ^! /& q isolat$ f all ^? 9 ! mid/ ( :i* !y are f\nd71 we frequ5tly obs]ve1 on a clos] acqua9tance%ip1 a v high & elaborate degree ( art 9 _! grammatical /ructure4 ,?is is especially ! case ) ! ,basque & ! ,lapponian1 & _m ( ! ,am]ican languages4 ,9 ! ,*9ese1 ?is excessive & inappropriate exp5diture ( art has be5 direct$ to a v peculi> & complicat$ sy/em ( writ+4 ,!re 0 no place = x 9 ! language itself1 :i* is extremely poor1 be+ 9 its basis excessively1 n to say *ildi%ly1 simple1 & q ungrammatical4 ,its :ole v]bal treasury does n1 x is said1 conta9 m ?an ?ree hundr$ & ?irty words1 :i* =m ! same numb] ( s+le syllables4 ,^!1 h[ev]1 acquire a diff]5t signification by means ( acc5ts1 ( :i* !re are no less ?an eighty ?\s&2 & ev5 ?\gh1 z compet5t judges & ! le>n$ av]1 n m ?an ! f\r? ( ?is l>ge numb] are really necess>y & made use ( 9 practice1 /ill ! liability to mi/ake mu/ be v great1 s9ce ! entire language is f\nd$ on ?is artificial sy/em ( writ+1 mu* m ?an on its liv+ & spok5 s\nds4 ,h5ce1 n unfrequ5tly1 :5 ev5 le>n$ ,*9ese talk toge!r1 !y misund]/& ea* o!r4 ,?is1 inde$1 is occasionally ! case 9 o!r c\ntries also4 ,b ! diff]5ce is1 t 9 ! =m] ! s\rce ( misconception lies 9 ! language itself2 & x is only by writ+ d[n _! words1 t ! ,*9ese c be sure ( intelligibly convey+ _! real mean+4 ,mod]n & exp]i5c$ philologi/s h1 9 consequ5ce ( ^! difficulties1 giv5 up t view ( language :i* w\ld d]ive x entirely f ! imitation ( animal cries4 ,pla9 facts1 inde$1 speak too decid$ly aga9/ x4 ,&1 9 tru?1 ! *ief po9t to be gu>d$ aga9/ amid ! great v>iety & ! immeasurable ri*ness ( ! ph5om5a ( language 9 g5]al1 is ! expla9+ !m all by any s+le hypo!sis1 or ! d]iv+ !m f "o orig94 ,z to ! o!r op9ion respect+ ! orig9 ( language3 ! view & ass]tion t ,god himself br\ght language to man1 & taught x to him1 c n prop]ly excite any opposition1 9 s f> z all t is good1 & man's be/ & orig9al pr]ogatives1 mu/ 9 reason be d]iv$ f ,god z _! fir/ au?or4 ,b :5 x is suppos$ t ! language :i* on ?is hypo!sis ! fir/ man spoke 9 ,p>adise1 & :i*1 z su*1 is ! s\rce ( all o!r lat] & d]ivative languages1 may /ill be f\nd1 & is to be recogniz$ 9 any "o n[ extant1 z1 e4g41 ! ,hebrew--?is assur$ly is a great error4 ,x involves a total misconception ( ! imm5se int]val :i* sep>ates u f ! fir/ orig9 ( ! _w4 ,( ! language :i* may h belong$ to ! fir/ man1 be=e he lo/ 8 orig9al p[]1 p]fections1 & dignity1 we are n1 ) our pres5t organs & s5ses1 9 a capacity to =m an idea4 ,inde$1 we are no m able to d ?is ?an to judge ( ! nature ( ! language employ$ by ! et]nal spirits = ! imm$iate int]*ange ( _! ?\ghts1 :i* on ! w+s ( light fly in/antane\sly ?r\gh ! wide expanse ( heav51 or ( ^? words1 ineffable by any creat$ be+1 :i* are utt]$ by ! ,deity 9 ,8 inmo/ be+1 :]e1 to use ! words ( ! ,psalmi/1 8deep calle? unto deep10 & :]e ! fullness ( inf9ite love answ]s to ,et]nal ,maje/y4 ,b n[1 to desc5d f ?is unatta9able height to our own level1 & to consid] ! fir/ man z he really 03 !n 9 ! simple /atem5t ( ! fir/ au!ntic records ( mank9d1 t ,god taught man language1 !re is no?+1 if we adh]e to its obvi\s mean+1 :i* is 9 any way revolt+ to man's natural feel+s4 ,= :y %\ld x make any su* />tl+ impression on u1 if1 z x ought1 ?is :ole matt] be und]/ood some:at 9 ! light ( a "m tea*+ h] *ild ! fir/ rudim5ts ( language8 ,/ill1 toge!r ) ?is simple & *ildlike signification1 x 7l e o!r "p ( ?is div9e book1 ?us writt5 on ! inside & ! out7 possesses also a f> deep] mean+4 ,t "n by :i* ea* liv+ creature is call$ by ,god1 & designat$ f et]nity1 mu/ embrace ! sum ( its inmo/ ess5ce--! key ( its exi/5ce--! reason & ! explanation ( its be+4 ,z1 inde$1 g5]ally 9 ! ,holy ,scriptures1 s "h1 also1 a high & holy import is comb9$ ) ! notion ( ! "n4 ,int]pret$1 !n1 by ?is pr(\nd s5se & significance1 ?is brief n>rative1 z ,i previ\sly po9t$ out1 conveys ! idea t by ?is communication to man by ,god ,himself1 ( ! names ( all liv+ ?+s1 ! =m] 0 set up z ! "l & k+ ( nature1 & ev5 z ,god's viceg]5t ov] ! t]re/rial creation4 ,& inde$ ?is 0 8 orig9al de/9ation4 ,if1 !n1 no exi/+ spee* or language c af=d u an access to ?is veil$ orig9al1 n[ become inaccessible to u1 /ill ! idea ( "o prim>y language1 or1 p]haps1 ( sev]al su*1 is c]ta9ly any ?+ b devoid ( an hi/orical f\ndation4 ,at lea/ x is a v natural hypo!sis1 & f\nd$ 9 "s degree on facts1 :i* mu/ n be =?) reject$1 b requires to be te/$ by fur!r inquiry4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ( no light importance to ! ma9t5ance ( ?is hypo!sis to =m a "r conception ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 d]ivatory & mix$ languages1 &1 above all1 to take a compreh5sive survey ( ! :ole ( human language1 9 its ne>ly b\ndless weal?1 s f> z su* a survey is s]viceable to our pres5t object ( arriv+ at a true k ( man4 ,& h[ c su* a pr(itable application & applicability be well d\bt$8 ,= ! g5ealogical tree ( human languages1 9 its manifold ramifications--! gr[? ( language %oot+ =? f epo* to epo*1 ) all ! va/ ri*es ( art1 does b hold be=e u1 z x 71 a writt5 monum5t & memorial ( ! ?9k+ consci\sness assum+1 s to speak1 a bodily %ape1 & visibly pres5t+ itself be=e u1 b /ill on a gr& hi/orical /&>d1 & accord+ to dim5sions :i* rea* ov] ! :ole habitable globe4 ,t1 !re=e1 ! hi/ory ( ! ?9k+ consci\sness /&s 9 mo/ intimate connection1 or at lea/ 9 v close relation to ! sci5ce ( liv+ ?\ght1 is surely a po9t :i* requires nei!r l5g!n$ inve/igation nor an express demon/ration4 ,9 ! attempt at ?is juxtaposition1 ,i %all only project ^? po9ts :i* ei!r are ( importance = ! "r und]/&+ ( ! :ole1 or ( int]e/ 9 !mselves4 ,= ?is purpose ,i %all avail myself ( no?+ b ! mo/ c]ta9 & cle>ly demon/rat$ results ( mod]n rese>* into ! nature & hi/ory ( language4 ,all t may appe> 9 any way unc]ta91 or w\ld lead u too f> into ! special bran*es ( philology1 w be left unnotic$4 ,a simile f physical sci5ce w p]haps lead u by ! quicke/ & %orte/ road to ! object we are 9 pursuit (4 ,&1 inde$1 ! geological bran* ( natural hi/ory may well be consid]$ cognate to ! inquiry be=e u4 ,= :at geology prop]ly inve/igates is ! antiquities ( ?is t]re/rial planet1 & ! primal condition ( ! m\nta9 ranges1 obs]v+ & seek+ to read ! long-hidd5 memorials t are daily br\ght to light ( pri/9e convulsions1 & to numb] ! successive epo*s ( gradual *ange & decay4 ,b x 0 n at once t geological sci5ce made any progress beyond ! m]e acqua9tance ) ! surface ( our globe4 ,an insight into its prim>y int]nal con/itution & subsequ5t process ( =mation 0 n ga9$ until obs]vation _h enabl$ u accurately to di/+ui% betwe5 ! two k9ds ( rocks--! alluvial & ! second>y1 ) _! fossilif]\s /rata ( *alk & clay--& ! prim>y1 un/ratifi$ rocks ( granitic & simil> /ructure1 & by pati5t & accurate obs]vation ( ! sup]ficial ph5om5a ( ! e>? 9 diff]5t l&s & climates to e/abli% ?is classification z a g5]al law4 ,n[ ?is geological di/9ction admits ( application to language4 ,^? composite languages :i* h be5 =m$ out ( a mixture or aggregation ( sev]al1 may be comp>$ to ! diluvial rocks :i* belong to ! second>y =mation4 ,z ! latt] h aris5 out ( or h be5 =m$ by floods & inundations1 s ^! mix$ languages owe _! orig9 to ! great ,european migration ( nations1 or p]haps 7 =m$ by ! ,ea/ by simil> ,asiatic migrations1 at a /ill old] epo*1 & 9 primeval times4 ,^? languages1 on ! contr>y1 :i*1 at lea/ z comp>$ ) ^? :i* are manife/ly m]e d]ivatives f !m1 we may call prim>y4 ,9 ?is class we may m5tion ! ,roman among ^? ( ,europe1 & ! ,sanscrit 9 ^? ( ,asia4 ,^!1 !n1 /& on ! same l9e & dignity ) ! s-call$ prim>y rocks4 ,no d\bt1 ev5 9 ^! fur!r inve/igation w discov] _m traces ( a mixture1 no less palpable inde$1 b "o1 h[ev]1 9 :i* ! con/itu5ts nei!r 7 orig9ally s het]og5e\s1 nor s9ce h cont9u$ s totally un*ang$4 ,= 9 ! same mann]1 granitic rocks1 & o!rs ( ! prim>y ord]1 are also f\nd to be composite 9 _! m9]al con/itu5ts4 ,^! likewise po9t to a /ill e>li] convulsion ( nature1 to :i* !y ow$ _! fir/ production4 ,unque/ionably1 h[ev]1 ! prim>y m\nta9s =m ! fir/ l9e & e>lie/ =mation among ! sev]al epo*s ( revolution :i* ! pres5t e>? has und]gone4 ,b x w\ld be an error 7 we f ?is simple fact at once to draw any inf]5ce z to ! int]ior ( our globe2 = ?is geological & m9]alogical di/9ction ( ! two classes ( rocks c n be prov$ to hold good beyond ! m]e surface & coat ( ! e>?4 ,to ?is alone is man's obs]vation & exp]i5ce conf9$4 ,x is impossible to p5etrate v f> into ! int]ior or ! c5tral mass ( our planet1 & inve/igate its int]nal con/itution1 & consequ5tly ?is r+ ( rock c n be reg>d$ 9 any o!r light ?an z analogical to ! ?9 cov]+ & epid]mis ( ! organic liv+ creature4 ,& j s is x ) ! sci5ce ( language4 ,!re are und\bt$ly languages :i*1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 we may t]m prim>y4 ,only 9 s do+1 we mu/ n ?9k t 9 any "o ( !m we h discov]$ & possess ! long-hidd5 orig9al ( all exi/5t languages4 ,if1 = in/ance1 f ?is correct geological classification ( rock1 any bold speculator %\ld g on to ass]t t ! :ole int]ior ( ! e>?1 or at lea/ ! c5t] ( x1 is a mass ( granitic or o!r prim>y rock1 we feel at once t ?is w\ld be a baseless hypo!sis4 ,& x w\ld be z grave an error1 9 ! doma9 ( philology1 7 we to g on & draw a simil> conclusion4 ,! ,sanscrit1 = in/ance1 holds unque/ionably ! =emo/ rank1 z ! olde/ among ^? :i* belong to ! same family1 &1 z comp>$ ) ^!1 may und\bt$ly1 9 a precise b limit$ s5se1 be reg>d$ z a prim>y language2 b x w\ld be an idle assumption 7 we !re=e to consid] x 9 ! same light t ,hebrew 0 =m]ly1 & to look ^u x z ! univ]sal orig9al1 ! fir/ s\rce & "m ( all o!r languages on ! surface ( ! e>?4 ,b n ev5 ! hi/orical pr]ogative ( a high antiquity--no1 nor ev5 ! m]it ( hav+ pres]v$ a prim>y =m 9 greate/ purity1 h[ev] valuable a quality1 is ! sole /&>d ( excell5ce 9 a language1 nor t :i* alone det]m9es its p]fection4 ,! ,engli% language af=ds a ready illu/ration ( our rem>k4 ,to x1 beyond all o!rs1 ! designation ( be+ a mix$ language applies2 inde$ x corresponds altoge!r to ?is "*4 ,x furni%es at ! same "t a /rik+ pro( ( ! height ( excell5ce :i* ev5 a mix$ language is capable ( atta9+2 meet+ z x does1 all ! requisitions ( a solemn & n]v\s poetry1 ! e>ne/ appeals ( eloqu5ce1 & ! calm fl[ ( descriptive prose4 ,& yet1 on analysis1 x pres5ts to ! grammatical eye ! some:at het]og5e\s comp\nd ( two :olly diff]5t elem5ts1 ^: orig9ally *aotic mixture has be5 r$uc$ into a r>e & happy proportion4 ,= into its orig9al ,high-,dut*1 or ,anglo-,saxon basis1 _m words h be5 introduc$ f ! ,lat9 or ,norman-,fr5*1 :i* among ! liv+ roots ( ! =m] appe> s f> ali5s & =eign]s1 z1 be+ little capable ( grammatical decl5sion or d]ivation1 !y d n1 l ! o!rs1 =m s _m fruitful v]bal /ems1 f :i* new =ms & comp\nds %oot =?4 ,( ,asiatic languages ! ,p]sian is 9 ?is respect ( a simil> con/itution to ! ,engli%4 ,"h also ! ess5tial f\ndation & liv+ root ( ! :ole is "s peculi> & old national language1 closely ak9 to ! ,sanscrit & ,go?ic-,g]man2 b its ,arabian admixture is z great 9 degree z ! ,lat9-,fr5* ( ! ,engli%1 & inde$ bo? 7 br\ght 9 by a simil> political revolution4 ,/ill ! ,p]sian is g5]ally1 & ) good cause1 prais$ z a noble language1 ab\nd+ 9 lively poetical ornam5t1 & moreov]1 l ! ,fr5* 9 ,europe is adopt$ ?r\gh\t ,asia z ! g5]al language1 ( bus9ess & conv]sation4 ,^? d]ivatory languages also :i* /& next 9 ord] to ! mix$1 & 9 "p also belong to !m1 & :i* h r s(t5$ d[n ?an aboli%$ ! /rict] grammatical =ms1 hav+ r\nd$ !m (f z x 7 = great] conv5i5ce ( use1 d n necess>ily /& inf]ior to ! "m-tongue 9 grace & vigor ( composition4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 respect ( /yle1 !y are (t5 va/ly sup]ior to !m4 ,?us ! ,italian appe>s s(t] & m flexible = lyrical v]se1 & p]haps = e creation ( ! poetic fancy1 sweet] & m graceful ?an its ,roman "m-tongue4 ,! ,fr5*1 too1 at lea/ z ! language ( society1 moves ) an unequall$ fre$om1 :ile1 = precision & di/9ctness ( expression1 its prose has atta9$ to an unp>allel$ height ( excell5ce4 ,! ,spani% also1 besides be+ prais$ = ! excell5ce ( its prose1 z admirably suit$ ei!r = ! dignity ( s]i\s n>rative or ! +5i\s play ( wit1 is 9 poetry di/+ui%$ above mo/ ( its si/] dialects by a wond]ful ri*ness & peculi> grace 9 ! playful sallies ( ! fancy4 ,& yet x is a d]ivative language1 & comp\nd$ ( ! mo/ het]og5e\s elem5ts4 ,= n only x is highly probable t ! ,go?ic-,g]man admixture is ev5 great] 9 ?is ?an 9 any o!r ( ! romance dialects :i* sprung up out ( ! ,lat91 b ! ,arabic also =ms a v consid]able elem5t 9 x4 ,b x 0 n to desc5d into ! grammatical specialities ( philological erudition1 or to heap up a mass ( purely /hetical rem>ks1 t ,i h allud$ to ^! pregnant in/ances4 ,:at ,i *iefly _h 9 view 0 to remove1 if possible1 all errone\s notions f ! conception ( ! primal language4 ,x 01 9 %ort1 my object to br+ be=e y\r m9ds its orig9 & gr[?1 accord+ to t cont9u\s process :i* may ev5 /ill be se5 go+ on 9 any spok5 language4 ,& al?\gh 9 our own neighborhood x is only 9 a few p>tial in/ances1 & ^! f> f def9ite1 t we c trace ?is liv+ process1 /ill !y are n on ?is acc\nt to be neglect$1 s9ce !y furni% mu* in/ruction1 & are calculat$ to ?r[ mu* light ^u ! :ole matt]4 ,n[1 z reg>ds ! hi/orical orig91 n only ( language 9 g5]al1 b also ( its sev]al extant dialects1 & especially ^? :i* relatively to su* z are d]iv$ & comp\nd$ out ( !m may pass z prim>y1 !re is "o ess5tial po9t t[>d a "r und]/&+ ( ! matt]4 ,we mu/ n attempt to acc\nt = _! orig9ation & developm5t m]ely by a mixture & d]ivation f _m individual p>ts1 b r endeavor to set !m be=e our m9ds z productions simil> 9 nature to t ( a poem or any o!r piece ( art4 ,= ! latt] are sev]ally ! result ( a conception :i*1 f ! v fir/1 0 a :ole--!y nev] c\ld h be5 produc$ by any successive agglom]ation ( atomi/ic p>ts4 ,9 ?is view ( language we mu/1 9 ?\ght1 place ourselves at a v diff]5t epo* ( m9d f ! pres5t4 ,n[ we c n well hesitate to all[ t1 9 ! primal p]iod ( ! human race1 & ( nations individually1 ! productive fancy w\ld manife/ itself 9 ! creation ( words ) f> m ( inv5tive g5ius & f]tility ?an w\ld be likely to be display$ at a subsequ5t p]iod ( m5tal culture1 :5 ! analytical reason _h1 /ep by /ep1 succe$$ 9 ga9+ ! prepond]ance4 ,commonly1 inde$1 m5 speak /rangely en\gh ( ! orig9 ( languages4 ,!y talk ( ! matt] some:at 9 ! same fa%ion z x w\ld be to say ( a picture1 t x _h its orig9 9 o*re1 lake1 c]use1 asphalt1 & su* l color+ sub/ances1 toge!r ) ! addition ( oil1 :i* holds "h some:at ! same place t 9 language ! reason does ) its grammatical arrangem5t & logical comb9ations4 ,( ^! motley mat]ials1 x might be said1 "o little p>ticle aft] ano!r is laid on ! canvas1 till1 gradually1 long /reaks appe>1 :i* aga9 swell gradually into full] & deep] outl9e1 until1 at la/1 a complete =m & figure /&s =?1 to :i*1 at la/1 !re accrues an expressive physiognomy4 ,& s1 at la/1 ! picture is f9i%$4 ,b 9 all ?is description x seems totally =gott51 t unless ! ideal conception--! picture z a :ole--_h1 f ! v fir/1 be5 pres5t to ! m9d ( ! pa9t]1 x w\ld nev] h atta9$ to su* a realization1 ?us gr[+ up1 /ep by /ep1 "u ! h& ( ! arti/4 ,at lea/1 )\t ?is x w\ld n be a true arti/ic "w ( g5ius1 s9ce ?is is1 9 e in/ance1 ! result ( "s =ego+ conception ( a :ole4 ,n piecemeal1 !re=e1 & fragm5t>ily1 did language arise4 ,x came =?1 r1 at once1 & 9 its totality1 out ( ! full inn] & liv+ consci\sness ( man4 ,we %all h no difficulty 9 ?us consid]+ x1 if only we c succe$ 9 ideally transplant+ ourselves to t =etime :5 ! ?9k+ faculty 0 m creative1 & :51 9 ! designation & expression ( its ideas1 x mov$ m freely & ) ! ela/icity ( g5ius4 ,b if spee* answ]s to ?\ght1 & if language itself is b a true copy1 a %ift+ diorama1 z x 71 ( man's inw>d self1 !n 7to make use ( t olde/ record ( ! human race1 :i*1 z x is bett] & m natural ?an all o!rs1 s x also furni%es ! be/ clew = unravel+ ! riddles ( old5 tradition71 we might well ask :e!r ! language ( ,ca91 ! accurs$ vagabond w&]+ ov] ! face ( ! e>?1 c\ld h be5 ! same z t ( ! pi\s patri>*s & sa9ts ( ! primeval _w1 "s ( :om1 "u o!r names1 b 9 equal honor1 are f\nd m5tion$ 9 ! traditions ( ! anci5t ,p]sians1 & ! sacr$ books ( ! ,h9doos & o!r ,asiatic nations8 ,or c\ld x well h be5 ! same ) t ( ,noah1 ! second prog5itor & ! re/or] ( ! human race1 :om1 likewise1 ! e>lie/ tradition>y records ( e p recognize & m5tion4 ,! family ( ! ,ca9ites holds no inconsid]able place 9 ! e>lie/ hi/ory ( civilization1 & ! fir/ work+ ( metals1 & ! inv5tion ( sev]al useful arts1 is expressly ascrib$ to !m4 ,b /ill _! diff]5ce 9 language f ! o!r families ( ! ant$iluvian _w1 & g5]ally 9 _! :ole civil con/itution1 mu/ h be5 v great & palpably noticeable4 ,& ?is favors ! hypo!sis1 :i*1 9 itself1 is any ?+ b impossible1 & des]ves r to be call$ highly probable1 ( sev]al prim>y languages1 or1 at lea/1 ( diff]5t epo*s 9 ! primeval spee* ( ! e>lie/ =etime1 :i*1 moreov]1 s]ve to indicate s _m natural sections 9 ! progression :i* ! m5tal developm5t ( ! aborig9al family ( man obs]v$1 & ! %apes :i* its mode ( ?9k+ successively assum$4 ,n[1 if ,i may v5ture to sugge/ ! c\rse 9 :i* "s su* progression may1 9 idea at lea/1 be project$ & trac$ 9 ! entire sy/em ( ! va/ multitudes ( languages :i* exi/ on ! face ( ! e>?1 ,i w\ld set out ) ! ,sanscrit4 ,= ?is is ! be/ kn[n & und]/ood ( ! :ole ,h9doo family1 among :i* x holds ! =emo/ rank z ! olde/ & mo/ complete4 ,to ! same class w\ld belong fir/ ( all ! old ,p]sian1 ! ,go?ic-,g]man1 & ! ,sc&9avian1 all ( :i* are mo/ intimately relat$ to ! =m]2 !n ! ,greek1 & ! ,lat9 ) its _m d]ivatives2 & la/ly1 accord+ to ! op9ion ( compet5t judges1 ne>ly ! :ole ( ! ,slavonic dialects4 ,all ^! languages1 ea* 9 its measure1 & 9 proportion to ! cultivation x _h enjoy$1 are m>k$1 especially 9 _! e>lie/ /ages1 by a v artificial /ructure & a beautiful grammatical arrangem5t1 b pre-em95tly by a highly noble poetic %ape1 comb9$ ) an equal degree ( sci5tific precision4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is b "o family among _m o!rs :i* make up ! :ole sy/em4 ,! latt]1 h[ev]1 /& at a f> l[] grade ( developm5t & p]fection4 ,among ^? :i*1 l ! ,t>t>ic-,*9ese & ! ,african1 belong to ! latt] class1 ! highly rem>kable dialects ( ,am]ica occupy an important & *>act]i/ic place4 ,! travel]#fd be/ acqua9t$ ) ! ,am]ican races & dialects has describ$ ! =m] z s+ul>ly rem>kable = ! degradation to :i* _! m5tal faculties h fall5 bel[ ! orig9al /&>d1 :ile he speaks ( ! latt] z resembl+ ! relics ( "s great ru9 or mighty deva/ation4 ,on ?is expression ( ! fam\s travel]1 :i* agrees s accurately ) ! idea ,i am "h develop+1 & ) ! result ( my own inve/igation into ! c\rse ( ! human m9d s9ce ! old & primal times1 ,i am dispos$ to lay v great /ress4 ,= ) him x 0 ! conviction impress$ ^u 8 m9d by p]sonal obs]vation alone1 unbiass$ by any preconceiv$ op9ion or hypo!sis favorable to my views4 ,?is "* ( deep degradation belongs1 p]haps1 to ! bett] class ( languages1 s9ce !y pres5t b little analogy to ea* o!r 9 _! mat]ial elem5ts1 & admit sc>cely ( any classification4 ,at lea/ x =ms a di/9ctive m>k ( !m1 & awak5s a melan*oly impression4 ,! ,egyptian1 :i*1 s9ce ! p>tial deciph]+ ( its hi]oglyphics1 is no long] totally inaccessible1 belongs1 ,i ?9k1 to ?is second class4 ,9 x1 h[ev]1 x holds a v important place1 & is em95tly di/+ui%$4 ,= its hi]oglyphical mode ( writ+1 by comb9+ ! alphabetical ) ! symbolical mode ( indication1 gave x1 consequ5tly1 great lib]ty ( *oice among ! diff]5t phonetic figures :i* might /& = ! same alphabetic "*1 s t ! phonetic ^w 01 z x 71 inve/$ ) a symbolical g>b1 & all alike assum$ an hi]oglyphical tone4 ,"s ( ! ,greeks reg>d$ ! hi]oglyphical z ! olde/ ( all human languages2 &1 inde$1 t somb] melan*oly :i* seems to reign 9 all ! monum5ts ( anci5t ,egypt1 might well be reg>d$ z a sil5t witness to ! great ev5t ( ! ru9 ( a primeval _w4 ,9 ord] to complete our subject1 ! ,hebrew /ill rema9s = a g5]al notice 9 t brief review :i* alone our limits admit (4 ,we mu/1 h[ev]1 give su* a *>act]i/ic view ( x z w enable u correctly to det]m9e ! place :i* x is to assume among ! re/4 ,app>5tly1 x /&s isolat$ by itself1 belong+ altoge!r to nei!r ( ! two classes we h describ$4 ,x seems to favor ! conjecture1 t a new & peculi> class is necess>y to embrace all ! ph5om5a 9 ?is fir/ & olde/ epo* ( language4 ,?is1 !n1 ) ! two already consid]$1 w =m ?ree classes4 ,9 its radical words1 ! ,hebrew exhibits only a slight relation%ip to ! ,indo-,european family4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 on fur!r exam9ation1 w probably be f\nd to be /ill m consid]able4 ,= x is (t5 impossible to recognize x at once b5ea? a totally diff]5t grammatical =m & /ructure1 & x is1 moreov]1 )drawn f imm$iate notice by ! diff]5ce ( its pr$om9ant m5tal t5d5cy4 ,we "k1 h[ev]1 z an hi/orical fact1 t ! ,phnician1 :i* diff]$ f ! ,hebrew only z "o dialect f ano!r1 0 n )\t "s connection ) ! ,greek1 on :i* x ex]cis$ no inconsid]able influ5ce4 ,n[1 ) respect to ! peculi> "* ( ! ,hebrew1 e ?+ 9 x is direct$ to ! atta9m5t ( ! highe/ vividness & pr(\nd significance4 ,?is is ev5 ! case ) its grammatical pr9ciple1 :i* makes all its o!r t]ms1 :e!r names ( objects or qualities1 subord9ate to ! v]b4 ,! triplicity1 also1 ( ! roots1 :i*1 ) v few exceptions1 consi/ ( ?ree lett]s--:i* aga91 = ! mo/ "p1 con/itute z _m syllables--01 assur$ly1 n )\t a significant design1 & possess$1 collat]ally1 a c]ta9 my/ic allusion4 ,9 its pr(\nd significancy & compress$ brevity--9 its figurative boldness & prophetical inspiration1 f> m ?an 9 any *ronological prec$5ce ( antiquity1 consi/s ! peculi> "* & high pr]ogative ( ! ,hebrew4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is some:at inf]ior to _m o!rs1 z1 = example1 ! ,greek1 9 poetical =ms & %ape1 9 ri*ness & v>iety ( developm5t1 & 9 precision ( sci5tific diction4 ,9 its ess5tial "*1 ! ,hebrew language is prophetical1 l ! p itself1 ev5 9 ! pres5t evil days ( _! disp]sion--! p 9 :om ! liv+ ^w ( ! tw(old anci5t prophecy1 n[ t ! ,jews h h&$ x ov] to ! ,g5tiles1 has fir/ atta9$ its p]fect accompli%m5t4 ,! :ole sy/em ( ! languages ( man is b ! ext]nal & visible copy & true mirror ( 8 inmo/ consci\sness4 ,! diff]5t epo*s ( _! anci5t production are b s _m t]ms 9 ! progression obs]v$ by ! human m9d 9 its developm5t4 ,consequ5tly1 language 9 g5]al1 z ! clew ( memory1 & tradition1 :i* b9ds toge!r all nations 9 _! *ronological s]ies & succession1 is1 z x 71 ! common memory & organ ( recollection = ! :ole human race4 ,x is only 9 ?is relation1 :i* is c]ta9ly important1 & also ess5tial to ! problem be=e u1 t ,i h ?\ght x all[able to ent] ^u ?is episode4 ,_m ( ! p>ticul>s may p]haps h be5 unattractive en\gh4 ,/ill ,i tru/ t ! g5]al result1 z ?r[+ light ^u ! orig91 or1 r1 ! hi/orical rise & olde/ developm5t ( language1 has prov$ univ]sally int]e/+1 ev5 ?\gh at mo/ x has b sugge/$ matt] = future m$itation4 ,?is result may be express$ or briefly compris$ 9 ! foll[+ words3 on our side ( t obscure int]val or great *asm :i* sep>ates u f ! hidd5 & inaccessible hi/ory ( ! fir/ =mation ( language1 ! fir/ grade 9 its gr[? is indicat$ by a deep /ate ( decl9e & a melan*oly s5se ( ! fact4 ,& yet ev5 f ?is /ate a highly significant art is n altoge!r exclud$1 s9ce we see x express+ itself 9 ! beautiful symbols ( ! figurative language ( ,egypt4 ,! second /ep 9 ! fur!r developm5t ( human spee* is =m$ by ! l(ty flight :i* ! poetic _s took 9 ! anci5t languages1 :i* greatly excel all o!rs 9 beauty ( =m & p]fection ( /ructure1 9 ri*ness ( poetical ornam5t1 & p]spicuity ( sci5tific precision4 ,"s ( ! olde/ fragm5ts 9 ^? languages are also m>k$ ) a peculi>ly beautiful tone ( s>c]dotal solemnity1 z is ! case ) _m a relic f ! e>lie/ p]iod ( ! ,lat94 ,b ! full] & high] initiation 9 div9e lore1 & a bold1 religi\s en?usiasm1 =m ano!r & a peculi> grade 9 ! hi/orical developm5t ( language2 & ?is 0 ! ?ird /ep t x took 9 ?is e>lie/ & primeval "t4 ,&1 z a pro( t ! *>act]i/ic j allud$ to is n d]iv$ solely f ! _s & tone ( ! holy writ+s ( ! ,hebrews1 & t ,i h n1 )\t fur!r corroboration1 transf]r$ x at once to language 9 g5]al1 ,i w add "o m rem>k1 t5d+ to %[ t 9 "s degree x has its f\ndation 9 ! v nature & grammatical /ructure ( human spee* itself4 ,9 ! ,arabic1 :i* 9 _m o!r respects is closely ak9 to ! ,hebrew1 _m ( ^! *>act]i/ic prop]ties may likewise be trac$1 ev5 ?\gh ! ,arabians at a v e>ly date1 turn+ aside f ! simple fai? ( ! old patri>*s1 gave !mselves up to ! sup]/itions ( magic & a/rology1 &1 s9ce ! times ( ,mohamm$1 h be5 animat$ ) an inext+ui%able & fanatical hatr$ ( a pr(\nd] tru? ( godl9ess & ! religion ( love4 ,i call$ language 9 g5]al--z be+ ! /ore-h\se ( tradition1 :]e x lives on f nation to nation1 & z be+ ! clew ( mat]ial & spiritual connection :i* jo9s c5tury to c5tury--! common memory ( ! human race4 ,n[1 x is ?is faculty ( memory :i* ,i w\ld "h seek to give a m precise *>act]i/ic (4 ,= ! pres5t seems its appropriate place 9 our s]ies ( psy*ological inquiries1 accord+ to ! relative position :i* x holds 9 ! g5]al sy/em ( ! m5tal faculties4 ,be=e ent]+ ^u ?is topic1 h[ev]1 ! position t language mu/ n be ?\ght ( z be+ 9 ! fir/ in/ance produc$ piecemeal by ! concretion ( sev]al atomi/ic & unconnect$ p>ts1 b z mold$ 9 "o ca/1 & 9 its totality1 simil>ly to a poetical or o!r creation ( art1 requires pro( & corroboration4 ,= ?is purpose1 !n1 ,i w\ld br+ to y\r remembrance a fact or ph5om5on :i* is closely connect$ ) ! inve/igation into ! nature ( memory1 ?\gh x involves a m>vel\s leap ( ! memory1 or at lea/ ( its usual me?od ( op]ation3 ,i am allud+ to :at1 by an old phrase1 is call$ ! gift ( languages--or t natural gift by :i* c]ta9 individuals seem enabl$ to ent] all at once into ! _s & /ructure ( =eign languages1 & t n m]ely 9 ! case ( v simple ones1 b ev5 ! highly-cultivat$ & artificial languages ( mod]n ,europe4 ,?is ph5om5on ( ! s\l transport+ itself1 or1 z x 71 transport$ all at once into a language previ\sly q /range to x1 s z to und]/& any spok5 or writt5 composition 9 x1 is c]ta9ly n "o ( ord9>y occurr5ce2 &1 9 tru?1 :5ev] x manife/s itself /rongly & decid$ly1 x closely bord]s on ! m>vel\s4 ,/ill x is a fact suffici5tly well kn[n1 & nei!r unhe>d ( nor r>e4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! high] & active case ( ! same ph5om5on1 :i* is m>k$1 n m]ely by ! und]/&+ b also by ! speak+ ( a language nev] be=e le>n$1 & :i* 0 meant by ! gift ( tongues 9 ! old s5se1 is c]ta9ly a really miracul\s fact4 ,b ev5 ?is is ackn[l$g$ & believ$1 & !re is no suffici5t reason = call+ 9 "q ! anci5t witnesses to ! fact1 m]ely on acc\nt ( ! nature ( x4 ,i call$ ?is fact a wond]ful leap ( ! memory4 ,= h[ev] subord9ate ?is faculty may 9 o!r respects appe> relatively to ^? :i* e :]e make prom95t claim to ! spontane\s bur/ ( g5ius1 /ill1 ev5 9 ! case ( memory1 its fir/ spr+ & orig9 is (t5 veil$ & inexplicable1 & x pres5ts _m po9ts ( view lead+ to pr(\nde/ que/ion+1 & sugge/+ grave inve/igation4 ,9 our psy*ological survey ( ! :ole human m9d1 we set out ) its f\r lead+ faculties1 z arrang$ "u ! two contr>ieties ( und]/&+ & w1 ( reason & fancy4 ,besides ^! f\r lead+ faculties1 !re are sev]al1 p]haps1 j z _m o!rs1 d]iv$ inde$ f ! =m]1 b /ill n s mu* subord9ate to !m 7= 9 ano!r relation !y appe> equally important & n less ess5tial ?an !m7 z r co-ord9ate ) !m & hav+ a peculi> function assign$ to !m4 ,( ^! ,i h 9 my =m] ,lectures analyz$ & describ$ ! consci5ce z ! moral in/9ct = "r & wrong1 :5 ,i nam$ x ! reason appli$ to ! w1 or1 r1 z ,i pref]r$ to consid] x1 z a peculi> & indep5d5t faculty1 int]m$iate betwe5 reason & w1 & be+ an imm$iate feel+ & judgm5t z to :at is good & evil 9 human desires & actions4 ,n[1 j z consci5ce is a mean betwe5 reason & w1 s is memory int]m$iate betwe5 reason & und]/&+4 ,) bo? ( !m x is closely connect$4 ,memory1 on ! "o h&1 is ! treasure-h\se ( ! und]/&+2 inde$1 x is ! und]/&+ hi!rto acquir$ & work$ out1 n[ laid & /or$ up4 ,on ! o!r h&1 z ! clew & ?read ( recollection1 memory furni%es t gr\nd & pr9ciple ( association 9 ! consci\sness1 on :i* reason itself & its ex]cise is dep5d5t4 ,s entirely is ?is ! case1 t ! p>tial or total loss ( memory1 f sickness or old age1 ?\gh produc+ no d]angem5t ( ! reason1 is1 nev]!less1 foll[$ by a p>tial decl9e & sl[ness ( rational ?\ght1 :i* occasionally am\nts to a g5]al dead5+ & ext9ction ( ! rational faculty4 ,! close connection betwe5 memory & und]/&+ is especially visible 9 *ildr51 9 :om ! fir/ fa9t op5+ ( intellect is g5]ally simultane\s ) ! fir/ app]ception ( self & ret5tion ( ext]nal impressions or signs4 ,! und]/&+ is t ?9k+ & cognition ( individuals1 :i* is ev5 ! act ( intellection4 ,consequ5tly1 ! individual m>k & *>act]i/ic sign 9 ! function ( memory belongs to ! und]/&+2 b ! comb9+ l9k betwe5 ^! individual conceptions or signs--_! p]man5t association--is ! reason's %>e 9 memory2 = ! latt] is ! kn[+ & consci\sness :i*1 9 ! coh]5t :ole ( associat$ & illative ?\ght1 is conv]sant ab\t g5]al notions4 ,& "h arises a "q simil> to t :i* we />t$ 9 our inve/igation ( language4 ,mu/ we assume1 at ! fir/ awak5+ & hidd5 spr+ ( memory1 a div9e impulse1 s to speak1 or a high] f\ndation = x f be=e ! beg9n+ ( ?is t]re/rial exi/5ce8 ,or1 inde$1 s9ce on ?is subject _m !ories h be5 />t$ ( old1 & are ev] spr++ up1 to reta9 a place among ! _w's float+ op9ions1 :at are we to ?9k ( ^! views te/$ by t k ( our inmo/ consci\sness :i* ! obs]vation ( life furni%es8 ,h[ f> d our feel+s & reflections ju/ify or limit !m8 ,among ^! op9ions is ! hypo!sis reviv$ by ,leibnitz1 ( innate ideas1 or1 r1 accord+ to ! mo/ rec5t exposition ( x1 ( c]ta9 =ms ( ?\ght ess5tial to ! reason1 exi/+1 antec$5tly to exp]i5ce1 9 its fundam5tal s*eme1 &1 z x 71 engrav5 9 x4 ,n[ all su* op9ions1 :atev] v>iations !y may pres5t1 arise1 )\t exception1 f ! ,platonic notion ( ! anamnesis possess$ by ! s\l f a previ\s exi/5ce1 &1 moreov]1 !y agree ) ! dogma ( ! metempsy*osis1 :i*1 ,indian 9 its orig91 is1 h[ev]1 widely diffus$ among o!r nations also4 ,a real & actual pre-exi/5ce1 h[ev]1 ( ! human s\l1 z x does n admit ( any hi/orical pro(1 s is x n easily reconcilable ) our own feel+s1 nor ) our g5]al s5tim5ts on ! relation we /& 9 to ,god1 & ! div9e economy 9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 ,& z = ! anci5t belief 9 ! migration ( s\ls1 x c n1 h[ev] rem>kable = its wide diffusion1 be reg>d$ 9 any o!r light ?an an arbitr>y creation ( fancy & a k9d ( my?ology ( ! s\l4 ,moreov]1 ) reg>d to ! !ory ( ess5tial =ms ( ?\ght impress$ on ! reason antec$5tly to all exp]i5ce & prior to ! fir/ awak5+ ( consci\sness1 x is bas$ on a view ( ! reason :i* w\ld make x a univ]sal receptacle ( ! ?\ght1 divid$ into great] & less *amb]s & comp>tm5ts4 ,x is ?us made ! residuum or dead precipitate ( ! natural functions ( ! liv+ cogitation1 & ( ! law ( life :i* rules !re91 :i*1 ?us arrang$ 9 rank & r[1 are plac$ be=e u1 l ! dri$ specim5s ( an h]b>ium1 or l ! butt]flies p9n$ to ! entomologi/'s case1 f ea* ( :i*1 h[ev]1 amid ! me*anical arrangem5t1 ! true1 delicate1 light-w+$ ,psy*e has long s9ce fl[n away4 ,& s9ce 9 philosophy our fir/ object mu/ be to seize1 if possible1 ! liv+ ?\ght 9 its v life1 & to give to x also a liv+ expression1 or at lea/ to pa9t x aft] ! life1 x is n easy to see to :at end ?is s circum/antial proc$ure is to lead4 ,! :ole hypo!sis1 9 %ort1 seems useless & sup]flu\s4 ,z to ! pr9ciple or hypo!sis ( innate ideas1 :i* 9 tru? requires to be kept p]fectly di/9ct f ! "o previ\sly consid]$1 x is q conceivable t x may be a "r me?od = ! arti/1 :o is ev] 9 pursuit ( ! ideal1 & 9 "s cases also = ! ?9k]1 to pres5t to 8 m9d ! object ( 8 conception1 & :i* he is seek+ ideally to manife/1 su* z ) a simil> end x w\ld appe> be=e & be contemplat$ by ! div9e m9d4 ,at any rate1 su* a mode ( ?\ght w\ld greatly facilitate ! execution ( 8 ideal conception4 ,b if :at is meant by ?is !ory is an antec$5t intellectual intuition ( ! pure ideas 9 ! div9e m9d1 !n we are br\ght aga9 to ! difficult & debatable hypo!sis ( an actual pre-exi/5ce4 ,moreov]1 :5 we g into details1 & attempt to apply ?is !ory to p>ticul> in/ances1 we are at once involv$ 9 ! greate/ p]plexity4 ,= :at1 ev5 9 ! dep>tm5t ( art1 are we to und]/& by ! inborn idea ( a noble1 wide-spread+ tree1 ( a beautiful fl[]1 a gr& & well-proportion$ ar*itectural edifice1 or o!r monum5t8 or a vigor\s animal1 or noble human =m8 & :at mean+1 9 ! doma9 ( practical life1 w\ld x convey1 to talk ( ! innate idea ( a skillful g5]al1 or ( a wise f9anci]8 ,we c n1 inde$1 imag9e to :at good end ?is hypo!sis c s]ve or lead1 &1 consequ5tly1 z soon z x is tak5 = any ?+ m ?an a m]e figure ( ?\ght1 x involves u 9 new1 if x does n entangle z aga9 9 ! old1 inextricable difficulties4 ,! "q1 h[ev]1 admits ( a m g5]al s5se4 ,)\t suppos+ t !re is1 inborn 9 ! human s\l1 a :ole sy/em ( notions & =ms ( ?\ght--a :ole _w1 9 %ort1 ( all possible ideas--may !re n h be5 imp>t$ to x f above a high] gift1 :i*1 naturally1 is only call$ into action simultane\sly ) ! awak5+ ( ! re/ ( ! human m9d1 or ( ! m9d g5]ally8 ,if s1 w\ld x n appe> to ! s\l 9 ! =m ( a memory2 &1 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 be really su*1 ?\gh1 inde$1 n s mu* a memory ( ! "p z ( et]nity8 ,?is is a "q :i*1 advanc$ 9 ?is s5se1 c n1 ,i ?9k1 be absolutely negativ$2 n t any ess5tial necessity or actual gr\nd exi/s = x2 b t1 c>efully gu>d$ by c]ta9 limitations1 x is an hypo!sis t may1 )\t hesitation1 be assum$ or conc$$4 ,c x1 9 tru?1 well be d\bt$ t e spiritual be+1 creat$ by inf9ite love1 has _h imp>t$ to him a %>e 9 ! s\rce ( et]nal love1 :i* is to rema9 8 =ev]1 or s long1 at lea/1 z ! connection ) ! supreme s\rce ( 8 be+ is n viol5tly brok5 & r5t asund]8 ,if1 !n1 su* a portion is to rema9 =ev] ! prop]ty ( e creat$ spiritual be+1 x mu/ assume a def9ite place 9 8 consci\sness1 &1 9 ! developm5t ( ! latt]1 manife/ itself 9 its due place4 ,z reg>ds1 inde$1 ! human s\l1 ?is supposition c1 ) less ju/ice1 be d5i$1 ! m univ]sally & pre-em95tly ! pr]ogative ( a high degree ( resemblance to ! div9e image is ascrib$ to x4 ,n[1 ?is p>ticipation 9 ,god1 z ! prim>y s\rce ( et]nal love1 :i* abides =ev] 9 ! human s\l1 & :i* becomes ext9ct 9 "o extreme case alone--?is div9e end[m5t ( ! human consci\sness f above--c only be ?\ght ( & describ$ z ! recollection ( et]nal love2 & ?is1 moreov]1 is ! only innate idea 9 ! human m9d :i* x is possible or all[able to assume4 ,! ?\ght ( an orig9al recollection 9 man--:i*1 prop]ly1 is n ( a m]e =etime1 b ( et]nity1 b :i*1 9 all propriety1 /ill admits ( be+ t]m$ a recollection--has br\ght u to ! notion ( "t & et]nity1 & to ! "q ( _! reciprocal relation--( :i* ! true & correct view is probably v diff]5t f t :i* commonly prevails4 ,b ?is is a topic :i*1 = its fur!r & complete elucidation1 dem&s a special inve/igation4 ,,lecture ,,iv4 ,! idea ( a pre-exi/5ce ( ! s\l 9 an e>li] & diff]5t /ate ( be+ f ! pres5t1 is a delusion & gr\ndless hypo!sis1 arbitr>ily tack$ on to ,plato's doctr9e ( ! anamnesis or ( innate ideas4 ,z su*1 x is calculat$ to involve u 9 innum]able difficulties4 ,i h1 h[ev]1 endeavor$ to %[ t ! doctr9e itself is di/9ct1 & c be kept sep>ate1 f ?is arbitr>y admixture4 ,/ripp$ ( all extrane\s additions1 ! ess5tial p>ts ( ?is ,platonic doctr9e ( a high] memory h always possess$ a p[]ful attraction = _m deep ?9k]s & noble m9ds4 ,f its fir/ au?ors d[n to ,leibnitz1 x has made a deep & la/+ impression1 :i* has ev] enabl$ x f "t to "t to recov] its asc5d5cy4 ,9 its pur] s5se & m simple & legitimate view1 we may1 ,i ass]t$1 und]/& by x no completely lifeless & me*anical sy/em ( all ! possible ideas :i* reason may evolve 9 ! human m9d1 antec$5tly arrang$ & classifi$1 b an idea ( 8 div9e orig9 innate or implant$ 9 8 m9d1 :i* c n be o!rwise or m simply indicat$ ?an by ! expression we h *os5 to designate x--( a recollection ( et]nal love4 ,b ?is recollection1 ,i affirm$1 is n s mu* ! remembrance m]ely ( "s special pa/1 :i* w\ld aga9 lead u to an actual pre-exi/5ce ( ! human s\l1 z a remembrance ( et]nity2 & x is 9 ?is light t ! :ole idea mu/ be reg>d$1 if x is to be all[$ any =ce4 ,n[1 ?is gives rise to & calls = a clos] inve/igation into ! mutual relation & :ole conception ( "t & et]nity4 ,?is faculty ( remembrance is ( an entirely diff]5t k9d f ! ord9>y ex]cise & function ( memory4 ,?is /ate1 ?is quality or p[] ( ! s\l1 or :atev] else x may be call$1 might be appropriately t]m$ a transc5d5tal memory1 if x 7 n out ( season1 or if any advantage w\ld be ga9$ by r5ew+ ! already half-=gott5 & involv$ t]m9ology ( ! philosophic s*ools ( ! la/ g5]ation4 ,yet ?is w\ld b be a *ange ( "n = ! self-same idea & object1 :i* at be/ c\ld only s]ve to exhibit m di/9ctly & cle>ly1 & f _m po9ts ( view1 :atev] is peculi> 9 ! nature ( su* an unusual idea1 or its new & unusual s5se1 z well z ! prop] & difficult focus ( inquiries & inve/igations ( ?is nature4 ,b ! po9t ^u :i* dep5ds ! decision ( ! :ole matt]1 or1 r1 f :i* alone its "r explanation c & mu/ proce$1 is1 z already /at$1 ! mutual relation betwe5 "t & et]nity1 & a j conception ( bo?4 ,usually1 or at lea/ (t5times1 et]nity is expla9$ & und]/ood z be+ ! entire cessation1 ! p]fect nonexi/5ce & unconditional negation ( all "t4 ,b ?is w\ld involve at ! same "t ! negation ( life & all liv+ exi/5ce 771#fe s t no?+ w\ld rema9 b an absolute negative1 :i* is a void entity & p]fect nullity4 ,9 place ( ! endless contradictions to :i* all negation g5]ally1 & especially ! absolute negation ( "t1 c n b lead--9 place ( t to :i* ! ,engli% poet's phrase ( 8d>kness visible0 is applicable1 ,i w\ld (f] a description ( ! idea ( et]nity1 :i* may1 p]haps1 r5d] x less incompreh5sible4 ,et]nity1 z ,i %\ld def9e x1 is ! all-embrac+1 completely complete "t1 :i* is inf9ite1 n only 8a p>te ext]n10 i4e41 ev]-pass+1 yet ev]la/+1 )\t beg9n+ & )\t end1 b also inf9ite 8a p>te int]n20 s t 9 ! endlessly liv+1 ?or\ghly lum9\s pres5t1 & 9 ! blissful consci\sness !re(1 ! :ole pa/1 & also ! :ole future1 are equally actual1 equally cle>1 & equally pres5t to u z ! v pres5t itself4 ,= c we =m any o!r conception ( a /ate ( bliss8 ,nay1 is n ?is idea ( ! fullness ( "t entirely "o & ! same1 & exactly co9cid5t ) t /ate :i* at lea/ we are able to ?9k (1 & inde$ c n well avoid ?9k+ (8 & is n ?is also ! only =m ( exi/5ce applicable to ! div9e consci\sness1 on ! assumption & belief n ( any m]e div9e ess5ce1 b ( an actual liv+ & self-consci\s ,godhead8 ,t1 at lea/1 ! idea ( "t is n absolutely exclud$ f ! life & ess5ce or ! op]ations ( ! liv+ ,god ( revelation1 !re exi/s 9 ! latt] abundant indication1 te/imony1 & pro(4 ,almo/ all ! expressions !re *os5 = ?is matt] allude to t full & div9e "t1 9 :i* ye/]day & to-morr[ are z to-day1 & 8a ?\s& ye>s z "o day10 & _m o!rs :i* convey ! same idea1 b 9 no ways apply to ! false notion ( et]nity :i* makes x ! absolute negation ( all "t4 ,! v ,hebrew "n ( ,god furni%es a confirmation ( ?is ass]tion4 ,& ,i may "h indulge myself ) produc+ x1 s9ce we %all be able to accompli% ?is object )\t ent]+ into an analysis ( ! language itself1 & its s5se c be made p]fectly cle> accord+ to ! s5se ( our own language1 )\t any circumlocution or p]iphrase4 ,9 ! sacr$ volume ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 two names are us$ to designate ! ,supreme ,be+4 ,! "o is p]fectly g5]al1 & signifies ! idea ( ,god or ! ,deity absolutely1 be+ also appli$ to ! gods ( ! hea!n1 & occasionally employ$ simply to signify angels & spirits4 ,! o!r1 h[ev]1 is exclusively giv5 to ! true & liv+ ,god ( revelation4 ,?is ^w is d]iv$ f a ,hebrew root1 :i* signifies 8to be10 or1 r1 s9ce we c h>dly expect to f9d 9 ^! anci5t languages1 & 9 ! prim>y significations ( ! radical words1 ! idea ( a simple ab/ract exi/5ce1 x means life1 a positive liv+ exi/5ce4 ,9 "o place ?is "n1 :i* is made up ( f\r lett]s1 is expla9$ & int]pret$ z signify+ 8,i am t ,i am10 or1 m accurately1 8,i am t ,i %all be40 ,n[1 ?is is z mu* z to say1 ! true & liv+ ,god ( revelation1 ,he :o f ! beg9n+ has manife/$ =? ,8 glory 9 creation1 & :o ev] s9ce is cont9ually manife/+ ,himself1 int]nally1 at lea/1 to ! :ole human race & to ea* individual1 ?\gh1 9 tru?1 (t5 unatt5d$ to & little reg>d$1 & :o w /ill m glori\sly reveal ,himself 9 ! end ( "t1 t is1 ( ?is e>?ly duration & p]iod ( *ange1 or1 z x is express$ 9 ,sacr$ ,writ1 9 ! fullness ( "t1 or :5 "t itself %all be accompli%$4 ,n[1 "h x is evid5t ! idea ( "t is n absolutely exclud$ f a conception ( ! ess5ce & op]ations ( ,god4 ,on ! contr>y1 ?is description involves ! idea ( full & complete "t1 :i* la/s f et]nity to et]nity1 & to ! height ( :i*1 :5 ! h\r %all h come1 t is to say1 at ! f9al consummation1 ?is our e>?ly "t1 9 ^: fett]s ?is our _w ( s5se is n[ held1 %all be rais$ & glorifi$4 ,! "q1 !re=e1 is prop]ly to det]m9e :e!r !re exi/s su* an absolute opposition betwe5 "t & et]nity t x is impossible = !m to subsi/ 9 any mutual contact or relation1 b ! "o necess>ily leads to ! negation ( ! o!r1 or :e!r1 at lea/1 !re is n "s conceivable transition f ! "o to ! o!r4 ,n[1 9 ! =m] view1 s9ce ! absolute1 univ]sally1 & mo/ especially ?9k+ z well z absolute will+1 =ms ! de/ructive pr9ciple 9 life1 !re lies1 p]haps1 ! fir/ s\rce1 n only ( false sy/ems1 b also ( ! metaphysical prejudices :i* man's intellect n\ri%es1 & especially ( all ! deeply-root$1 inborn1 or h]$it>y errors ( ! reason4 ,on ! o!r h&1 accord+ to ! !ory on :i* our pres5t speculations are bas$1 bo? "t & et]nity are n incompatible ) or 9 ho/ile & irreconcilable opposition to ea* o!r4 ,_! ideas d n mutually de/roy ea* o!r4 ,c]ta9 def9ite connect+-l9ks & po9ts ( contact & transition exi/ betwe5 !m4 ,! contr>iety is n an incompreh5sibly absolute "o ( et]nal negation1 b r a liv+ "o1 simil> to ! di/9ction betwe5 life & dea?1 or t betwe5 evil & good4 ,s long z we believe 9 a great & irreconcilable contr>iety betwe5 "t & et]nity1 su* z at ! fir/ delusive aspect !y pres5t !mselves1 we c n hope to extricate ourselves f ! labyr9? 9 :i* ext]nal ?+s & our own int]nal reflections involve ! m9d4 ,?is c only be effect$ by ! idea ( a tw(old "t1 su* z x is our purpose accurately to def9e & br+ be=e y4 ,& ?is notion ( a tw(old "t arises f ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! "o p]fect & blissful "t1 :i* is naught else ?an ! inn] pulse ( life 9 an ov]fl[+ et]nity1 )\t beg9n+ & )\t end1 & t o!r "t :i* is prison$ & fett]$ 9 ?is l[] _w ( s5se1 :]e ! /]n pres5t alone is prom95t1 & lords x ov] all else ) despotic sway--! pa/ be+ lo/ 9 d>kness & sunk 9 ! night ( dea?2 :ile ! future1 n[ advanc+1 n[ rec$+1 hov]s l a %ad[1 9 an obscure1 glimm]+1 & deceptive twilight1 until ! n[ brilliant pres5t passes away1 & 9 its turn becomes z no?+1 be+ buri$ 9 ! d>kness ( dea?1 :i* %r\ds all pa/ & =m] exi/5ce4 ,& z !re is a tw(old "t1 s also may we1 9 relation to ,god & ! _w1 di/+ui% a tw(old et]nity4 ,let u1 = ?is purpose1 contemplate ! :ole creation1 includ+ n only ?is visible _w ( s5se1 b also ! invisible _w ( spirits1 ei!r 9 its orig9al p]fection1 :i* x possess$ :5 x issu$ unsulli$ f ! h& ( ! ,creator1 or ev5 9 t /ate ( p]fection1 :i*1 glorifi$ & p]fect$1 & become imp]i%able1 x is to enjoy :5 ! c\rse ( e>?ly "t %all h run out1 & :5 !re %all be no m dea?4 ,n[1 relatively to ei!r its orig9al p]fection or t to :i* x is f9ally to be re/or$1 we c n bett] designate ! univ]se ?an by t]m+ x ! creat$1 :ile ,god is ! uncreat$ et]nity4 ,! _w1 h[ev]1 accord+ to :at we "k ( x f revelation1 is n absolutely su*4 ,x is et]nal only f "o po9t ( view1 t1 namely1 :i* looks =w>d to its ev]la/+1 cont9u\s1 & bless$ duration1 & n f t ( its fir/ orig94 ,= ! _w 7if x 01 z we are taught1 creat$ out ( no?+7 _h a beg9n+--a precise beg9n+--:i* took place 9 "t4 ,& ?is fact1 aga91 sugge/s & confirms ! rem>k h[ ! idea ( "t1 :i* is unque/ionably involv$ 9 t ( ! beg9n+ ( ! univ]se1 is n absolutely exclud$ f ! ess5ce & op]ations ( ! ,godhead1 at lea/ ( ! liv+ & p]sonal ,god ( revelation4 ,on ?is po9t1 h[ev]1 ,i w\ld wi% to say no m ?an ?is3 "h is ! decisive po9t--two di/9ct1 opposite1 or div]g+ pa?s lie be=e u1 & man mu/ *oose betwe5 !m4 ,! cle>-see+ _s1 :i*1 9 its s5tim5ts1 ?\ghts1 & views ( life1 w\ld be 9 accordance ) itself1 & w\ld act consi/5tly to !m1 mu/ 9 any case take "o or ! o!r4 ,ei!r !re is a liv+ ,god1 full ( love1 ev5 su* a "o z love seeks & ye>ns aft]1 to :om fai? cl+s1 & 9 :om all our hopes are c5t]$ 7& su* is ! p]sonal ,god ( revelation71 & on ?is hypo!sis ! _w is n ,god1 b is di/9ct f him1 hav+ _h a beg9n+1 & be+ creat$ out ( no?+2 or !re is only "o supreme =m ( exi/5ce1 & ! _w is et]nal1 & n di/9ct f ,god2 !re is absolutely b "o1 & ?is et]nal "o compreh5ds all1 & is itself all 9 all2 s t !re is n[h]e any real & ess5tial di/9ction2 & ev5 t :i* is alleg$ to exi/ betwe5 evil & good is only a delusion ( a n>r[-m9d$ sy/em ( e?ics1 or ( conv5tional prejudices1 t man all[s to pass z su*1 & holds ext]nally 9 honor1 b :i* intr9sically1 & z te/$ by ! rigor ( sci5ce1 has no real & sub/antial import4 ,n[1 ! necessity ( ?is *oice & det]m9ation presses urg5tly ^u our own "t1 :i* /&s midway betwe5 two worlds4 ,g5]ally x is betwe5 ^! two pa?s alone t ! decision is to be made1 s9ce all ! d\bts & op9ions :i* bran* (f betwe5 !m are no?+ m ?an ! /ill unsettl$ oscillations1 assum+ 9 appe>ance a fix$ sci5tific %ape1 or a vague mixture ( n>r[ & imp]fect views1 :i* are j z f> f hav+ tak5 any precise =m or det]m9ation4 ,b ! *oice betwe5 !m mu/ be p]fectly free4 ,no "o's conviction c be =c$ to adopt ei!r "o or ! o!r4 ,= t :i* is to con/itute ! inmo/ s5tim5t & ?\ght ( a man1 or ! fir/1 la/1 & deepe/ f\ndation ( all 8 s5tim5ts1 does n admit ( be+ impos$ ^u him extr9sically z ! condition ( controv]sial defeat1 )\t 8 own int]nal cons5t & agreem5t4 ,x c n en=ce 8 ass5t z easily z a m]e process ( calculation4 ,b n[1 if et]nity is no?+ else b "t1 vitally full1 illimitably p]fect1 & blissfully complete1 :o1 we may ask1 fir/ ( all caus$ or produc$ ?is e>?ly1 fett]$1 & fragm5t>y "t1 :i* seems b ! great bond-*a9 ( ! :ole _w ( s5se--& :at1 !n1 is ?is "t itself8 ,i might answ] ?is latt] "q by ! words ( ! poet1 t x 8is out ( jo9t40#ff ,= al?\gh orig9ally employ$ ( a p>ticul> p]iod ( hi/ory1 !y admit1 ,i ?9k1 ( a m ext5sive & univ]sal signification1 & possess an entirely metaphysical application4 ,& :at1 9 %ort1 is metaphysics1 or :at d we "n metaphysical1 b t :i* transc5ds our ord9>y nature & ! e>?ly & limit$ _w ( s5se8 ,& man c n ab&on or get rid ( all hopes1 all prospects ( et]nity1 9 %ort1 ! ?\ghts :i*1 p>tly1 at lea/1 outrun ^! n>r[ limits4 ,= if s1 he mu/ at ! same "t be will+ to cease to be a man1 9 ! full1 & true1 & highe/ s5se ( ! ^w4 ,consequ5tly1 z (t5 z he adv5tures a bold] flight ( ?\ght & inquiry into t elevat$ region1 !n 8 words & phrases mu/ also transc5d ! famili> s5se & ord9>y use ( language4 ,i w\ld n1 h[ev]1 be und]/ood z ass]t+ t ! language ( philosophy1 9 its descriptions ( sup]s5su\s ?+s & ideas1 %\ld anxi\sly avoid all liv+ expression & e ?+ lifelike 774 ,=1 9 /rict rigor ?is is nei!r possible nor practicable1 & 9 any case w\ld lead to a m]e ab/ract no?+ness4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! m vivid1 ! m /rik+1 & app>5tly />tl+1 ! m boldly figurative & r>e are ! t]ms or =ms ( expression employ$1 ! m p]t95tly & cle>ly d !y (t5 convey our mean+1 & ! m happily *os5 & to ! po9t d !y appe>4 ,9 pro( & confirmation ( ?is ass]tion1 ,i w\ld appeal to ! language ( ,holy ,writ4 ,mo/1 if n all its descriptions ( matt]s belong+ to ! invisible _w1 & ! sup]s5su\s regions ( ?\ght1 or metaphysical subjects1 if we c\ld /ill recall or /ill exp]i5ce ! fir/ fre% impression1 w\ld at once be confess$ to be ! bolde/ t language has ev] v5tur$ ^u4 ,long famili>ity1 h[ev]1 has made !m seem ord9>y & tame4 ,& x is necess>y to contemplate !m long & int5sely1 if we w\ld revive _! orig9al fullness & peculi> significancy4 ,9 a v rec5t epo* ( sci5ce1 !re prevail$ a some:at simil> view ( ?is subject4 ,9 ,less+ especially x is traceable4 ,=1 z (t5 z he ent]$ ?is region ( inquiry1 he = ! mo/ "p design$ly employ$ a free & bold /yle ( language1 simil> to t :i* occasionally ,i h attempt$ myself to adopt4 ,n[1 if x be all[able 9 ?is way to apply to "t poetical phrases1 simil> to ! "o above quot$ ( 8,"t out ( jo9t10 giv+ !m at ! same "t a m univ]sal & entirely metaphysical s5se1 ,i w\ld1 9 ! fur!r consid]ation ( ! :ole "q z to "t1 advance ! foll[+ rem>ks4 ,if et]nity is ess5tially no?+ else ?an ! fullness ( "t1 :i* consequ5tly is 9 itself complete & blissful1 !n ! "t :i* is 8out ( jo9t10 ! d]ang$ & di/ract$ "t ( s5se1 is naught b et]nity fall5 or br\ght into a /ate ( disord]4 ,"h1 !n1 ! fur!r "q pres5ts itself1 8,:o c h plung$ x into disord]1 & p]petrat$ ?is j>r+ int]f]5ce ) ! primeval h>mony1 di/urb+ ! inn] pulse ( ! _w's univ]sal life1 :i* 0 orig9ally s s\nd80 ,accord+ to "o ( ^! two views :i* ,i s lately spoke ( z ly+ be=e m5 to *oose betwe51 all ?is is b a deception--a m]e illusion1 produc$ by ! imp]fection ( our s5ses4 ,ev5 pa9 & mis=tune1 equally ) :at is call$ evil1 exi/ only = ! poetical purpose ( creat+1 by ! skill & _s ) :i* !y are treat$1 transi5t1 ov]p[]+ impressions1 :i* are ultimately to give place to m elevat+ emotions4 ,b 9 ! o!r view1 :i* is "h adopt$ z our fundam5tal conviction1 ! answ] is easily f\nd4 ,or1 r1 x is "o long s9ce giv51 & g5]ally kn[n4 ,s9ce all ! elem5t>y =ces & orig9al p[]s 9 creation c only be reg>d$ z spiritual1 !re=e ! p[] or might :i* ?rew bo? "t & exi/5ce1 univ]sal life & ! :ole _w1 into disord]1 c\ld h be5 no o!r ?an ! _s ( absolute negation :i* rose 9 revolt aga9/ ! prim>y s\rce bo? ( itself & ( all4 ,! p[] & influ5ce ( ?is _s ( et]nal contradiction & endless de/ruction1 :i* 9 ano!r place ,i designat$ ! inv5tor ( dea?1 c n be rightly deem$ ei!r slight or insignificant1 if he be ) ju/ice entitl$ 8! ,pr9ce & ,rul] ( ?is _w40 ,by ?is t]m we c n und]/& any s-call$ 8_s ( ! age40 ,n1 at lea/1 9 ! ord9>y s5se ( ! t]m1 9 :i* x signifies ! _s :i* has orig9ally aris5 out ( ! age itself1 & 9 its sph]e brilliantly pr$om9ant1 b :i* at ! same "t transc5ds 9 "s way t sph]e1 ei!r bl5d+ itself ) "s equally great1 if n /ill m exalt$1 pa/1 or ) "s new & future era4 ,= ) all its excell5ce ( greatness1 x is /ill p]haps p>tial & n>r[ 9 its views2 & 9 any case1 s soon z ! p>ticul> age %all be ov]1 x too w f9ally pass away & decl9e ) x4 ,x is1 r1 ! v _s t orig9ally introduc$ ! :ole ( t disjo9t$ "t4 ,x is1 !re=e1 ! au?or ( ?is fallaci\s _w ( s5se--! supreme rul] & univ]sal k+ ( all ! sev]al p]iods & eras :i* belong to x1 & are s l9k$ toge!r1 t z "o succe$s & passes into ! o!r1 all ( !m 9 succession are f9ally absorb$ 9 ! g5]al abyss ( et]nal no?+ness4 ,consequ5tly is x ! supreme "l2 all ^! s-call$ spirits ( ! times :i* are d]iv$ f ! prim>y & supreme _s ( ! age1 be+1 s to speak1 8 absolute subjects & m9i/]s4 ,n[1 ! belief 9 su* a spiritual p[] ( evil1 & ev5 ! idea ( x1 simply & nak$ly z 9 o!r times x is pres5t$ to u1 is almo/ :olly lo/ sight ( 9 ! pres5t day4 ,! expressions ( a =m] fai? = :at x is n[ ! fa%ion to call 8! _s ( ! age0 h become antiquat$1 & make b little impression1 be+ = ! mo/ "p sc>cely ev5 reg>d$1 or else +5i\sly expla9$ away1 if n d]id$ f ! height ( a sup]ior enlight5m5t4 ,amid ! kill+ monotony ( a sleepy skepticism into :i* m5's views ( ! _w & ?+s _h fall51 & z contra/$ ) a philosophy1 neutral f its orig91 & f9ally indiff]5t to e ?+1 ! celebrat$ ,engli% au?or ( ,ca9 makes a gratify+ exception by 8 vigor\s & vivid language1 giv+1 at lea/ honor :]e honor is due1 & call+ ?+s by _! "r names4 ,accord+ly1 he pa9ts to ! life ! k+ ( ! spirits ( ! ev]la/+ abyss & ! rul] ( ?is _w1 9 all 8 maje/y ( d>kness1 s t we (t5 wond] :5ce he c\ld h d]iv$ all ! t9ts & t\*es ( tru?1 & are almo/ tempt$ to ask :e!r ?is /rik+ portrait1 ?us execut$ ) a g5ius & fidelity surpass+ all simil> poetical del9eations1 does n owe mu* if n all its tru? to a p]sonal acqua9tance4 ,b1 h[ev]1 ?is deadly _s ( absolute negation1 ?\gh ! "n be n[ sc>cely ev] he>d except 9 poetry1 has n !re=e lo/1 z yet1 8 dom9ion ov] ?is _w ( "t & ! sci5ce !re(4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 ! baseless & arbitr>y sy/ems :i* ! philosophy ( ! day prop\nds1 he is ackn[l$g$ m ?an ev]1 ?\gh x be ) an unconsci\s rev]5ce4 ,z ! idol ( absolute rationalism1 mo/ highly is he laud$1 n to say deifi$4 ,x is1 9 fact1 rem>kable t1 9 _m ( ! mo/ extreme sy/ems ( absolute reason1 ! :ole section ( !ology is exclusively conf9$ to ! negative view ( ! div9e tru?4 ,almo/ ! :ole ( x1 if only a few slight *anges be made 9 ! m important phrases1 may f> m consi/5tly apply to ! primal antagoni/ ( et]nal love & ( revelation1 ?an to t b5efic5t ,be+ himself4 ,& ev5 9 ^? sy/ems ( rationalism :i* are less spiritually p]v]se & less extravagant1 b /ill equally subv]sive ( a "r k ( ! highe/ tru?s1 ! div9e nature is frequ5tly if n always conf\nd$ ) t no?+ out ( :i* ,he has creat$ ! _w4 ,or1 p]haps1 9 "s m tragic view ( ! univ]se1 t rigid law ( "t :i* op]ates on ! _w ( s5se1 & :i* gives x up z a prey to mis]y1 is1 at lea/ poetically1 deifi$ z ! bl9d fate ( an iron necessity4 ,n[1 if et]nity is 9 itself & orig9ally no?+ m ?an ! liv+1 full1 & ess5tial "t1 :i* is /ill invisible771 & if our e>?ly %ackl$ & fett]$ "t ( s5se is b an et]nity 8out ( jo9t10 or fall5 a prey to disord]1 x is easily conceivable t ! two d n /& ap>t & h no mutual contact4 ,on ?is hypo!sis !y may possess _m a common po9t ( transition f "o sph]e into ! o!r4 ,at lea/ su* a po9t ( transition is 9 g5]al exp]i5ce af=d$ u by dea?1 :i* is mo/ly look$ ^u & reg>d$ 9 ?is light4 ,trivial z may s\nd ! s5tim5t s commonly utt]$ ( ! dead1 t !y h *ang$ "t = et]nity1 /ill we c n well "q ! correctness ( ! notion on :i* ! expression is f\nd$4 ,n[1 ^! que/ions ab\t "t & et]nity ne>ly conc]n1 & 9 _m ways int]e/1 e ?\ghtful m9d1 n only by _! connection ) life & dea?1 b g5]ally ) all exi/5ce & consci\sness4 ,i c n1 !re=e1 approve ( ! wi% to exclude !m entirely f ! philosophy ( life1 z ly+ beyond ! ord9>y range ( ! practical intellect1 &1 !re=e1 ) all simil> matt]s ( unpr(itable disputation1 to be ab&on$ to ! !ologian & ! /ud5t4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i h felt x to be mo/ agreeable to ! position :i* ,i h tak5 up1 & ! view :i* x op5s out1 to haz>d at lea/ an exp]im5t1 & to try :e!r x be n possible to express ^! subjects1 & to set !m =? 9 language at once appropriate & g5]ally intelligible4 ,religi\s p (t5 speak ( dea?1 sometimes g5]ally z a 8return10 at o!rs ) a fur!r addition z 8a return home40 ,su* modes ( speak+1 ,i admit1 m]ely z su*1 & especially :5 !y are utt]$ z s _m empty phrases1 unaccompani$ ) real feel+1 & repeat$ )\t discrim9ation1 9 season & out ( season1 are n1 p]haps1 calculat$ to make a v deep impression4 ,/ill a v beautiful b grave mean+ is1 nev]!less1 conta9$ 9 !m1 & "o :i* ?r[s out v /rongly ! purely spiritual aspect ( ! matt]4 ,b "h1 !n1 a difficulty imm$iately pres5ts itself4 ,! "q arises1 h[ c we be said to g back or return to a place :]e1 9 fact1 we nev] 7 be=e1 or h[ c t be rightly call$ our home1 :i* 9 our pres5t life we fir/ seek1 & are to f9d & le>n to consid] z su*4 ,9 %ort1 ! difficulty recurs 9 ! same mann] z ! some:at simil> que/ions :i* are involv$ by ,plato's notion ( an anamnesis1 s long z x is conceiv$1 n 7z we w\ld und]/& x7 z a recollection ( et]nity1 b q lit]ally z t ( a =m] /ate ( ?+s4 ,b if1 agreeably to a vivid conception ( "t & et]nity1 a less absolute di/9ction prevails betwe5 ^! two ideas1 & _m po9ts ( contact & transition f "o to ! o!r may be f\nd1 ( :i* dea? is "o1 all ! difficulty is remov$1 & e ?+ 9 our view & hypo!sis becomes easily intelligible & self-evid5t4 ,x is1 at lea/1 "o aspect ( dea?1 & a *e]ful "o too1 :i* exhibits x z a transition f "t into et]nity1 or out ( a fett]$ & di/ract$ "t into t :i* is true1 p]fect1 & blissful4 ,9 tru?1 h[ev]1 mu* m is involv$ h]e94 ,= dea?1 9 g5]al1 is no simple ev5t1 b a v complicat$ ph5om5on4 ,no d\bt t feature :i* /&s out mo/ fe>fully 9 ! :ole ev5t1 ?r[+ into ! %ade & obscur+ its o!r high] & m spiritual elem5ts1 is ! suff]+s ( disease1 :i* are (t5 s agoniz+--! pang ( dissolv+ & decay+ organization 9 ! la/ awful /ruggle ( nature1 z x te>s itself s reluctantly f life4 ,b ev5 9 ! mid/ ( all ?is1 occasionally1 at lea/1 ano!r & a bett] /ate int]v5es4 ,a cessation ( all physical pa9 seems sudd5ly to occur1 & to be foll[$ by an almo/ joy\s1 or1 at lea/1 compos$ /ate1 :i* may be (t5 reg>d$ z ! h>b+] ( approa*+ dissolution4 ,m$ical exp]i5ce1 moreov]1 has record$ _m special cases 7! explanation ( :i*1 h[ev]1 ,i leave to o!rs7 ( idiotcy & madness1 :i* _h aris5 ei!r f sad defects & d]angem5t ( ! ?9k+ faculty1 sudd5ly disappe>+ at ! approa* ( dea?1 & ( ! full1 p]fect consci\sness return+ ) extraord9>y cle>ness 9 ! few brief mom5ts :i* prec$e ! in/ant ( decease4 ,!re is yet ano!r rem>kable elem5t or feel+ 9 dea?2 & x is "o totally indep5d5t ( ! organic pa9 ( dissolution 9 its v>i\s modifications1 or ! /rik+ ph5om5a :i* may be obs]v$ 9 individual cases4 ,i allude to ! feel+ :i* %r9ks at ! ?\ght ( ! decisive transition & =cible passage into an entirely new sph]e1 :i*1 h[ev]1 mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) an unmanly fe> ( dea?4 ,9 _m in/ances1 too1 x has no connection ) any tr\bl$ ?\ghts or anxi\s c>es = ne> & de> ones to be left beh9d1 nor yet ) any inw>d d\bts ( a re/less & di/urb$ consci5ce4 ,by no su* feel+s alone by !mselves c x be int]pret$ or expla9$4 ,all ?is is entirely di/9ct f t :i* ,i h at pres5t 9 my m9d1 & :i* may v simply be t]m$ a slight m5tal %r9k+ be=e a :olly unkn[n /ate ( be+1 :i* is1 at lea/1 natural to all m51 & affects e "o1 m or less1 if ! *ange comes ^u !m 9 ! full possession ( _! faculties4 ,b 9 ^? ^: contemplations h long be5 direct$ to ?is clos+ ev5t ( life--9 :om a pr(\nd & deep acqua9tance ) ! ?\ght ( et]nity1 & ! sublime enlight5m5t ( a confid+ fai?1 h tak5 ! place ( a d>k unc]ta9ty1 & :o also1 betwe5 ! la/ /ruggle ( organic life & ! f9al pang ( dissolution1 enjoy = a brief int]val ! la/ quick5+ brea? ( ! dep>t+ en]gy ( nature1 !re dea? is se5 9 its bright aspect4 ,= su* x unque/ionably does possess4 ,h[ (t51 on ! v c\nt5ance ( ! dep>t$1 does a calm & beautiful dea? l ?is leave its t\*+ trace beh9d6 ,h[ (t5 d we see ) a/oni%m5t a sweet smile1 l t ( a sleep+ *ild1 l+]+ on ! well-kn[n face1 b 9 ^: v sweetness is m+l$ a slight ?\gh sc>ce p]ceptible trace ( "s fa9t recollection ( previ\s suff]+4 ,he :o has once se5 "s de> fri5d or acqua9tance s die1 or beheld ! belov$ c\nt5ance aft] su* a dea?1 w assur$ly *]i% =ev] ! remembrance ( ?is soo?+ expression4 ,no?+ less ?an a blissful pres5tim5t ( et]nity seems to h prec$$ or impress$ itself on ! dy+ features1 break+ ?r\gh ! %ackles ( "t be=e its full c\rse 0 end$4 ,& x is only 9 ?is light t ,i h m5tion$ x z be+ "o ( ! po9ts ( contact or mom5ts ( transition :i* facts cle>ly e/abli% betwe5 "t & et]nity1 s9ce ?is f9al crisis ( our consci\sness =ms an important elem5t = ! psy*ological & p]fect compreh5sion ( ! human intellect & its developm5t4 ,b ev5 dur+ life itself !re also occur _m ph5om5a & occasions 9 :i*1 = ! brief cont9uance at lea/ ( su* mom5ts ( int5se exi/5ce1 ! limits ( "t seem to be brok5 ?r\gh or remov$4 ,to ?is class belong ^? brief int]vals ( rapture :i* are enjoy$ 9 ! mid/ ( deep & e>ne/ devotion--or ( prop] ec/asy1 :i*1 s f> z x is g5u9e & real1 we c n b consid] z an int]val ( et]nity 9 ! mid/ ( "t1 or z a fleet+ glance into ! high] _w ( full & un*eck$ spiritual life4 ,ev5 ! inw>d worldless pray]1 9 s f> z x is prec$$ by a real emotion ( ! he>t1 pr(\ndly agitat+ its inmo/ feel+s1 is1 z x 71 a drop ( et]nity fall+ ?r\gh "t into ! s\l4 ,g5u9e ec/asy1 9 s f> z x is real & actual1 is (t5 on its organic side accompani$ by a beg9n+1 :i* inde$ is little m ?an ! appe>ance1 ?\gh a highly delusive feel+1 ( dy+ away1 :i* prec$es ! high] gleam or e*o f ! _w beyond ! grave4 ,su* ph5om5a1 h[ev]1 require att5tive exam9ation be=e we c draw f !m any precise inf]5ce4 ,! g5]al idea ( !m may be di/9ctly trac$ 9 ! human consci\sness4 ,! recognition ( _! exi/5ce is !re=e ess5tial to a full k ( ! latt]4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 (t5 v difficult to =m a judgm5t ( individual in/ances1 :i* are (t5 m or less d\btful4 ,on ?is acc\nt x w be suffici5t 9 ?is place if1 )\t ent]+ deeply into ^! necess>y di/9ctions & manifold d\bts to :i* all ( su* ph5om5a are liable1 we simply notice ! fact1 z =m+ "o ( ! mo/ intimate po9ts ( association at :i* "t & et]nity come 9 contact & mutually int]m+le4 ,( su* po9ts sev]al /ill rema9 to be notic$4 ,"o ( ! lea/ a/oni%+1 & "o :i* 9 its op]ation on ! s\l is no less univ]sal & b5eficial ?an x is g5]ally intelligible1 is t :i* is f\nd 9 true art & ! high] k9d ( poetry4 ,= "h also1 ev5 b5ea? ! e>?ly %ell ( s5su\s ph5om5on & ! temporal incid5ts ( figurative poetry1 ! et]nal bright5s ov] all4 ,& x is on ?is mighty influ5ce ( ! et]nal1 :i* gleams ?r\gh its ext]nal inve/iture ( ornam5t1 t ! exalt$ dignity & di/9ctive *>m ( true art & ! high] bran*es ( poetry dep5ds4 ,ev5 "h1 h[ev]1 z else:]e1 a /rict di/9ction mu/ be made betwe5 ! true gold & ! wor?less /hetical t9sel & m]e mann]ism ( fa%ion4 ,= su* a di/9ction is necess>y 9 e case :]e ! heav5ly & et]nal comes into close contact ) ! e>?ly & transitory4 ,t recollection ( et]nal love1 :i* is implant$1 communicat$1 or innate 9 ! human m9d1 & :i* "h swells out f its hidd5 dep? 7& ?is is ! true orig9al subject-matt] ( ,plato's notion ( ! anamnesis1 :i*1 z ,i h endeavor$ to %[1 ?us cle>$ f all =eign admixture & corrupt+ additions1 is q unexceptionable71 is n m]ely a pr9ciple ( ! high] life4 ,r is x "o ( ! great vital art]ies ( true poetry & art1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 !re are _m o!rs equally ess5tial & no less ri* & prolific4 ,su*1 = in/ance1 is ! long+ aft] ! inf9ite1 ^: hopes & aspirations are direct$ m to ! future ?an is ! case ) t remembrance ( et]nal love1 :i*1 z su*1 cl+s m closely to ! pa/1 & is (t5 also lo/ & absorb$ 9 ! hi/oric p]ception ( "s actual pa/4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! true inspiration1 bo? 9 art & 9 life1 is exclusively devot$ to a some?+ div9e 9 ! pres5t1 :i* may be ei!r real or :at is at lea/ held to be su*1 be+ mo/ intimately b\nd up ) a feel+ ( su* a div9e pres5ce1 & ) a belief !re94 ,?us1 !n1 ^! ?ree =ms ( ! highe/ s5tim5t 9 man's nature1 z x ye>ns aft] ! inf9ite or swells =? f ! et]nal s\rce1 & longs to receive ! div9e1 are 9 _! diff]5t t5d5cies ti$ aga91 n unnaturally1 to ! ?ree times1 or r1 ! diff]5t categories ( our e>?ly-divid$ "t4 ,! recollection ( et]nal love1 z f> z reg>ds its influ5ce on art1 is 9 tru? no?+ b a feel+ or an inborn idea1 if "s w s call x4 ,& yet its influ5ce may be univ]sal1 & ext5d itself ov] ! :ole field ( man's consci\sness4 ,= all o!r s5tim5ts ( ! inn] man1 all ! ?\ghts1 conceptions1 & ideas ( ! ?9k]1 & ev5 all ! images1 %apes1 & =ms--9 %ort1 ! :ole ideal ( ! arti/--are n[ =?) imbu$ ) ?is "o fundam5tal feel+ ( et]nal love1 be+1 z x 71 ba!d 9 a sea or /ream ( high] life1 spiritually ref9$1 & exalt$ & trans=m$ into a pur] & high] degree ( beauty & p]fection4 ,& ?us x is t ?is ideal view ( ! _w becomes at once conceivable & p]fectly cle>1 to all at lea/ :o c ent] into & sympa?ize ) ,platonic s5tim5ts & ideas1 & especially 9 its close relation to sci5ce & ! pla/ic arts4 ,& ?us1 und]/ood 9 ?is correct s5se1 )9 its prop] limits1 & 9 t place ( ! human consci\sness to :i* x really belongs1 may well be admitt$1 & ev5 ext5d$ to a wid] application4 77 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to be able to assign _! fitt+ place 9 ! :ole consci\sness to ^? o!r two exalt$ feel+s :i* are implant$ 9 man's brea/ z s _m sugge/]s ( et]nity1 ! long+1 viz41 aft] inf9ity1 & a vitally en]getic en?usiasm1 x w be necess>y /ill fur!r to prosecute & complete our psy*ological review1 s z to take 9 ! :ole range ( faculties belong+ to x1 & to exhibit _! mutual relations4 ,9 my sket*y outl9e ( man's spiritual life & consci\sness1 ,i set out1 y w rememb]1 ) ! f\r elem5t>y faculties1 und]/&+ & w1 reason & fancy1 z ! f\r opposite & extreme poles ( ! inn] _w4 ,z consci5ce & memory pres5t$ !mselves to our consid]ation 9 ! progress ( our inquiries1 !y 7 *>act]iz$ z m$iate & collat]al faculties ( ! reason1 s9ce ! consci5ce /&s midway betwe5 reason & w1 & ! memory betwe5 reason & und]/&+4 ,9 a simil> way ,i w\ld n[ attempt to expla9 man's in/9cts1 especially 9 t peculi> =m 9 :i* !y belong only to man1 z di/9ct f ! brutes1 & subsequ5tly become passions4 ,aft]w>d ,i %all proce$ to expla9 :y1 9 ^? in/ances :5 !y appe> to be exagg]at$ into passions1 !y mu/1 to pres]ve analogy ) ! view hi!rto ma9ta9$1 be held to be no?+ else ?an movem5ts ( ! w1 or z a w :i* has yield$ itself to ! illimitable range ( fancy1 & !reby lo/ its inn] equilibrium1 & f9ally all lib]ty1 or at lea/ its actual ex]cise4 ,?is int]m$iate position ( ! in/9cts betwe5 w & fancy1 & ! fatal & p]nici\s influ5ce :i* bo? ^! fundam5tal p[]s ex]t 9 t height ( passionat5ess & s5suality :i* con/itutes !m faults ( "*1 are also especially manife/ 9 :at are prop]ly ! natural in/9cts1 z enjoy$ by man 9 common ) ! brutes1 & ! evil ( :i* arises always1 or at lea/ pr9cipally1 f _! excessive indulg5ce & undue excitem5t4 ,x is (t5 possible = ?is excess to rea* su* a height1 & to become s deadly injuri\s1 z to de/roy ! heal?1 corrupt ! :ole s\l1 & to debase ! m9d to su* a degree t x is felt to be almo/ inju/ice to comp>e su* a human be+1 ?us degrad$ by 8 own fault1 ) ! nobl] animals1 ^: simple in/9cts & _! gratification alt]nate almo/ z regul>ly z day & night or ! ris+ & sett+ ( ! />s 9 heav54 ,9 su* cases1 h[ev]1 we may easily discov] :at 0 ! fir/ cause ( su* ab]rations4 ,9 ! bett] case1 at lea/1 ! corruption1 i4e41 ( :at 0 previ\sly a noble disposition1 x is inv>iably1 9 ! fir/ in/ance1 "s false *>m ( fancy or imag9ation :i* has ov]ma/]$ ! m9d ) magical p[]1 & subsequ5tly c>ri$ x away captive to its w4 ,9 e case1 h[ev]1 x is "s p]v]t$ appreh5sion1 or illusory p[] ( ! inf9ite1 :i* causes a man :o has once fall5 a prey to any /rong passion to devote all 8 en]gies1 ?\ghts1 & feel+s to ! "o object1 or to surr5d] himself1 he>t & s\l1 to ! despotic tyranny ( "s rul+ habit or favorite pursuit4 ,h[ else c\ld !re ev] h be5 any talk ( ! delusions ( fancy1 :i*1 h[ev]1 ex]cise s wide & fatal an influ5ce on human life1 & g5]ally 9 ! _w1 unless a di/ort$ fancy _h l5t a h& & co-op]at$ !re98 ,ev5 su* emotions & impulses z fe> & ang]1 :i* are n direct$ m]ely to ! gratification ( ! wants ( nature1 b to self-pres]vation & def5se1 & :i*1 consequ5tly1 belong equally to ! brutes--^! also admit ( be+ c>ri$1 by unre/ra9$ indulg5ce1 to ! height ( passionat5ess4 ,?is is especially ! case ) ang]4 ,:]ev] long indulg5ce has made x a rul+ habit1 & if1 moreov]1 x is associat$ ) envy1 hatr$1 & rev5ge 7:i*1 inde$1 are n prop]ly natural in/9cts1 & 9 ?is =m c sc>cely be ascrib$ to ! brutes1 b r faults ( "* 9 a demoraliz$ rational be+71 its outbreaks ( passion are fe>fully viol5t4 ,"u _! comb9$ influ5ce ! wild outbreaks ( man's evil pr9ciple (t5 run into fury & madness4 ,b ev5 9 av>ice itself1 x is also "s false & /rangely-p]v]t$ *>m ( fancy1 :i* 9 its highe/ degree approximates v closely to ! nature ( a fix$ idea1 t furni%es ! fir/ gr\nd & deepe/ root ( ?is unbless$ passion = ! e>?ly mammon4 ,& "h1 aga91 9 ?is insatiable love ( ri*es1 we meet ) a false =ce ( ! inf9ite1 & "o :i* c nev] be satisfi$4 ,a fur!r e?ical inve/igation into ^! err+ in/9cts does n lie )9 my pres5t limits4 ,! context ( our psy*ological inquiries only br\ght !m be=e u = a limit$ consid]ation1 ) a view to det]m9e ! position !y occupy 9 ! :ole consci\sness4 ,& "h1 z 9 my =m] in/ances ( comp>ative psy*ology1 ,i d n wi% to ca/ my glance d[nw>d long] ?an is necess>y1 b r1 z quickly z possible1 to raise x upw>d aga94 ,9 ! pres5t case ?is c easily be done4 ,=1 = our pres5t purpose1 ! simple rem>k w suffice1 t ! p[] ( inf9ity 9 itself1 & ! pursuit ( ! inf9ite1 is prop]ly natural to man1 & a "p ( 8 v ess5ce4 ,all t is wrong 9 x1 & ! s\rce ( all its ab]rations1 is simply & entirely b\ndless excess4 ,above all1 we mu/ blame t quality ( absolut5ess1 :i* 9 e "t & place ex]cises a fatal & de/ructive influ5ce1 bo? on ?\ght & practice1 or1 p]haps1 ! fault may be laid to a false direction ( ?is pursuit t[>d ! s5sible & mat]ial objects ( ?is e>?ly & transitory exi/5ce1 :i*1 = ! mo/ "p1 are utt]ly unwor?y ( x4 ,= man's natural long+ aft] ! inf9ite1 ev5 z x /ill %[s itself 9 8 passions & fail+s1 c n1 :]ev] x is /ill g5u9e1 be satisfi$ by any e>?ly object1 or s5sual gratification1 or ext]nal possession4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ?is pursuit1 keep+ itself free f all delusions ( s5se1 & f ! fett]+ %ackles ( e>?ly passion1 really directs its endeavors t[>d ! inf9ite1 & only to :at is truly su*1 !n c x nev] re/ or be /ation>y4 ,ev] advanc+1 /ep by /ep1 x mu/ always seek to rise high] & high]4 ,& ?is pure feel+ ( endless long+ =ms1 ) ! recollection ( et]nal love1 ! heav5w>d-be>+ w+s on :i* ! s\l raises itself upw>d to ! div9e4 ,?is1 inde$1 has be5 felt & p]ceiv$ by ,platonic ?9k]s 9 all ages4 ,f ! e>li] c5turies to ! pres5t _m a deeply-significant s5t5ce might easily be select$ & quot$ on ! idea ( ?is long+ aft] ! inf9ite4 ,& ?is te/imony is n conf9$ m]ely to ! comp>atively mod]n philosophy ( ,europe & ! ,we/4 ,! sacr$ writ+s1 also1 ( ! ,hebrews conta9 a beautiful s5t5ce on ?is head4 ,?us a c]ta9 prophet1 z end[$ ) m ?an ord9>y p[]1 z *os5 = a high & div9e de/9ation1 or mission1 is expressly call$ a man ( long+ desires1#fg z by a title peculi>ly suit$ to him1 & mo/ cle>ly indicat+ ! natural prep>ation = all high] spiritual & div9e avocations4 ,&1 9 a s5se borr[$ f1 if n exactly id5tical )1 ! above1 a some:at simil> title has be5 giv5 to ! ri*e/ & pr(\nde/ ( 8 works by a ,fr5* philosoph] ( our own days1 to :om1 :ile ,i c n adopt unconditionally all 8 pr9ciples & s5tim5ts1 ,i mu/ conc$e ! highe/ praise = ! zeal ) :i*1 9 all 8 writ+s1 he has ma9ta9$ & promulgat$ a high & l(ty tone1 bo? 9 intellectual & div9e ?+s1 & t1 too1 9 ! mid/ ( revolution>y times1 :5 ! prevail+ tone ( ?9k+ 0 decid$ly mat]ial1 &1 inde$1 _h assum$ a ?or\ghly demoraliz+ & a!i/ic t5d5cy4 ,at a =m] epo*1 n[ m ?an tw5ty ye>s ago1 :5 ,i attempt$1 9 ,fr5*1 to set =? to a fri5dly audi5ce ! pr9ciples ( ! ,philosophy ( ,life1 s f> z ,i at t "t compreh5d$ x1 ,i ?\ght t x 0 indisp5sable to make ?is pure idea ( an exalt$ long+ ! prim>y position f :i* ! :ole view ( life mu/ be develop$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 too exclusive1 &1 = t reason1 unsatisfactory4 ,x is1 !re=e1 my pres5t wi% to embrace all high] elem5ts ( consci5ce1 h[ev] manifold !y may be1 & h[ev] diff]5t 9 k9d !y may appe>1 &1 tak+ a compreh5sive view ( !m1 to unite !m 9 a :ole4 ,ev5 = poetry & art !re is m ?an "o su* prim>y f\nta9 or vital art]y ( high] s5tim5t4 ,if1 !n1 ! recollection ( et]nal love mu/ be recogniz$ z "o ( ^!1 :o c well d\bt t ! pure long+ aft] ! inf9ite1 :i* holds s deep & firm a root 9 man's bosom1 also =ms ano!r8 ,9 poetry1 ! =m] is di/9ctly traceable "u ! =m ( elegy--at lea/ 9 ! fir/ simple poesy ( fancy's e>lie/ & y\?ful days4 ,x s\nds =? "h a m\rnful recollection ( a fad$ _w ( gods & h]oes--z ! e*o+ pla9t = ! loss ( man's orig9al1 cele/ial /ate1 & p>adisaical innoc5ce1 or1 la/ly1 9 a /ill m g5]al & high] s5se1 z ! fa9t & dy+ notes ( ! happy infancy ( ! :ole creation1 ere yet ! spiritual _w _h be5 divid$ by diss5sion1 & be=e ! fir/ outbreak ( evil1 & ! consequ5t mis]y ( nature4 ,view+ x 9 ?is light1 & designat+ poetry 9 g5]al analogically to an expression :i* we be=e made use (1 we may t]m poetry ! m9d's transc5d5t recollection ( ! et]nal4 ,= ! fir/ & mo/ anci5t poetry1 z ! common memory ( ! human race--its high] organ ( remembrance--passes on f c5tury to c5tury1 & f nation to nation2 & ?\gh ev] dress+ itself 9 ! *ang+ fa%ion ( ! day1 yet1 ?r\gh all "t1 x ref]s u back to ! prim>y & et]nal4 ,music1 on ! o!r h&1 is em95tly an art ( long+4 ,to ?is x owes all its ravi%+ en*antm5ts--its magic & irresi/ible *>ms4 ,9 music1 h[ev]1 z 9 e o!r =m ( art1 ! high] & ! e>?ly--! s\l1 z x 71 & ! body--! heav5ly long+ & ! t]re/rial are (t5 bl5d$ toge!r 9 ! same note & tone1 s z sc>cely to be discrim9at$4 ,x is ?is m+l+ ( feel+s & emotions--:]e f amid ! half-unconsci\s e>?ly long+ a high] & m heav5ly aspiration gleams out1 t 9 y\?1 :5 man's s5sibility is fir/ develop$ & exp&$1 gives to newly-wak+ love its peculi> magic *>m1 ! inn] grace ( ! y\?ful s\l contribut+ z mu* if n m ?an ev5 ! bloom ( corporeal beauty4 ,! "q1 inde$1 :e!r 9 ?is y\?ful long+ really a high] love ( et]nal duration1 z an inn] light1 :i* is cont9ually purify+ & p]fect+ itself1 be inclos$ )9 ! e>?ly veil--:e!r ?is fir/ love ( y\? be ev5 ! true love1 or :e!r all may h be5 no?+ m ?an ! transi5t & flick]+ flame ( a delusion--?is "q c be alone det]m9$ f its results2 9 o!r words1 by ! life :i* proce$s & foll[s f x4 ,x mu/ be prov$ by ! unwav]+ tru? & fidelity--,i might almo/ say1 ! inw>d tru? ( ! he>t & ! outw>d "* ( ! :ole life2 &1 9 %ort1 ( a high] love 9 its e species1 :e!r human or div9e4 ,n[ ?is long+ holds a mo/ important place 9 man4 ,n only is x ! crisis ( transition f *ildi%1 %all we say consci\sness or unconsci\sness1 into a m mature developm5t--n only is x ! ?re%old "u :i* y\?ful expectation ent]s on a full] & m p]fect life2 b also /ill surviv+ un9t]rupt$ly to ! end1 x ev] rema9s ! fir/1 /ronge/1 & pure/ impulse ( ! inn] man4 ,! light ( its nev]-dy+ flame1 gr[+ pur] & /rong]1 lights him on 8 way to a high] & bett] exi/5ce4 ,x seems1 !re=e1 n out ( place to add "h ! rem>k1 h[ deeply hope1 :i* is s closely associat$ ) ?is long+ aspiration1 is int]wov5 into ! v be+ ( man1 s z almo/ to =m ! *>act]i/ic peculi>ity ( 8 inn] life & :ole /ate4 ,! lo/ spirits1 we are told1 8believe & tremble40#fh ,love1 too1 is ! ess5tial prop]ty ( ,god1 & ev5 8 v ess5ce1 & 9 a c]ta9 s5se1 also1 x is common to all be+s creat$ by et]nal love4 ,ev5 9 ! hidd5 ve9s ( life1 ?r\gh all animat$ nature1 beats ?is pulse ( univ]sal love4 ,hope1 h[ev]1 c n be ascrib$ to ,god1 = 9 ,him all is full & p]fect4 ,nature c only sigh & bemoan itself2 & ev5 ?\gh x be n hopelessly wret*$1 yet1 prop]ly1 x c n hope = aught1 by its own p[]1 at lea/4 ,to man1 above all o!r creat$ be+s1 belongs ! pr]ogative ( hope4 ,we might almo/ call him an immortal _s1 subject$ to ! condition ( hope4 ,& s1 be=e ! re/ ( creation1 he is de/9$ & *os5 to be ! evangeli/ ( div9e hope4 ,z ! ?ird ( ! inn] life-spr+s ( true art & high] poetry1 ,i spoke ( a true en?usiasm & inspir$ feel+ ( ! div9e4 ,n[1 among ! v>i\s arts1 ,i w\ld especially appropriate ?is to ! pla/ic art--9 t wide/ & ju/e/ s5se ( ! t]m1 9 :i* x comprises1 also1 ! high] ar*itecture4 ,=1 9 en?usiasm & inspiration1 ! div9ity ) :i* x is imbu$ is n view$ & contemplat$ 9 ! remote di/ance ei!r ( ! pa/ or ! future4 ,x is embrac$ at once z some?+ actual & pres5t4 ,& ?is holds good bo? ( ! en?usiasm ( art1 & also ( t :i*1 9 moral & political life1 (t5 creates = itself an epo*1 %ap+ & br++ =? :atev] is truly new & orig9al4 ,n[1 ! div9e 9 beauty mu/ be actually pres5t to ! m9d1 at lea/1 ( ! arti/4 ,x mu/ h /ood vividly be=e 8 m5tal eye be=e x c\ld h come =? 9 outw>d & visible =m4 ,s9ce univ]sally ! p]fection ( art dep5ds on "s antagonism & ! arti/'s triumph ov] x1 x is self-evid5t t ev5 "h ! mo/ exalt$ en?usiasm mu/ be associat$ ) a ?\ghtful sagacity & p]sev]+ /ead9ess ( execution1 if any great & p]fect "w is to be produc$4 ,moreov]1 x c sc>cely be necess>y to rem9d y t ! arts1 ev5 ?\gh1 p]haps1 9 ea* ( !m !re is a pr$om9ance ( "s peculi> k9d ( high] feel+1 or "s _s ( high] life swells out 9 x1 are n1 !re=e1 rigidly limit$ on all sides & irrevocably conf9$ )9 ^! n>r[ limits4 ,on ! contr>y1 "o bran* ( art (t5 passes ov] into ! doma9 ( ano!r4 ,& ?is int]f]5ce is n always a misconception1 ow+ *iefly to "s confusion ( ess5tial matt]s1 &1 !re=e1 9 ! highe/ degree errone\s & prejudicial4 ,poetry1 especially1 (t5 spr+s up indig5\s 9 o!r doma9s ( art1 be+ ! mo/ univ]sal ( all4 ,& if 9 poetry itself ^? anci5t & primitive poems or epic songs ( sublime recollections occupy ! fir/ place1 :o1 !re=e1 w\ld exclude f x ! deep1 inn]1 ard5t long+--! oracul> faculty ( div9ation = exalt$ love & et]nal hope1 ) all its music ( ! feel+s1 =m+1 z x does1 ! spiritual cont5ts1 ! animat+ pr9ciple & di/9ctive ess5ce ( ! lyrical art8 ,:o1 too1 w\ld d>e to c5sure poetry1 because1 /riv+ to give ano!r & a new] expression to all t1 9 ^! div9e remembrances & long+ anticipations1 con/itutes its inmo/ s\l1 x attempts1 by dramatic repres5tation1 to portray ! ess5tial features ( its inmo/ be+1 ) all ! vivid reality & di/9ct complet5ess ( ! pres5t8 ,= does x n1 9 ?is respect1 approximate1 s f>1 at lea/1 to ! pla/ic arts1 & beg9 to assume _m po9ts ( aff9ity ) !m8 ,x is1 h[ev]1 necess>y to gu>d "h aga9/ a possible misund]/&+4 ,n )\t good cause1 ,i believe1 be=e all ?+s is ! rigid discrim9ation insi/$ on :i* mu/ sep>ate true poetry f a spuri\s semblance4 ,poetry :i* condesc5ds to m9i/] ei!r to ! passions or to fa%ion1 or ev5 to prose1 or any m]e prosaic ends1 c n des]ve ! "n4 ,b x is ano!r ?+ :5 ! poet works 8 poetical view ( ?+s 7& ?is is t :i* con/itutes ! poet1 & n ! m]e outw>d =m ( poetry alone7 into ! prosaic reality ( "s pres5t "t1 or "s hi/orical subject4 ,s1 too1 is x :5 9 "s consi/5t & arti/ic imitation ( life he takes = 8 !me ! maze ( human passions1 by no means = ! purpose ( prolong+ x1 & /ill less ( inflam+ x1 b r because he cle>ly sees ?r\gh its complications1 to unfold & dis5tangle !m4 ,?is we might call--employ+ a t]m belong+ to ! ma!matical sci5ces1 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t b /ill analog\s s5se--mix$ or appli$ poetry2 & to ?is class belong _m ( ! highe/ productions ( art 9 diff]5t ages & nations4 ,! diff]5t arts1 or1 r1 ! diff]5t directions ( "o & ! same art1 9 ! sev]al epo*s & ages ( ! _w1 or among nations v>i\sly divid$ by language & mann]s1 z well z by ! /yle & "* ( _! ?\ght & intellect1 may be consid]$ z m]ely s _m v>y+ dialects ( "o & ! same language1 :i* h a common orig9 & are ne>ly relat$4 ,= !y possess a common mean+1 :i*1 int]pret$ by a pr(\nd & noble p]ception ( art1 w be f\nd to p]vade all c5turies & all p1 unit+ & en*a9+ !m all by ?is s\l-b9d+ tie ( a lov+ & love-k9dl$ fancy4 ,^! et]nal & fundam5tal feel+s ( ! human brea/1 ! remembrance ( et]nity1 an innate long+ & high-so>+ aspiration1 /& 9 ! mo/ intimate connection ) ea* o!r1 ev5 ?\gh we c n take a full survey ( x1 & (t5 feel x pr(\ndly r ?an are able p]fectly to expla9 x4 ,!y are l s _m /em-words & radical syllables1 & =m toge!r1 z x 71 "o common language4 ,& if1 z ,i be=e rem>k$1 we %\ld 9 va9 seek = t common & orig9al language1 f :i* all ^? n[ spok5 on ! face ( ! e>? c be d]iv$1 bo? e?nographically & geologically1 may we n /ill f9d 9 art a univ]sal language intelligible to all m58 ,is n ?is language 7z ,i may t]m x7 ?us envelop$ 9 ! g>b ( art1 ?r\gh :i*1 h[ev]1 a pr(\nd significance gleams brightly =?1 an orig9al language ( a high] & intellectual ord]1 & at ! same "t intimately ak9 ) our own nature8 ,d n its e*oes1 h[ev] fa9t & brok51 :5 reawak5$ by true art & sublime poetry1 /rike a *ord ( unison 9 e human brea/8 ,,lecture ,v4 ,! g5]al notion ( ! inn] life =m$ ! po9t f :i* we />t$ 9 ?is attempt to portray ! :ole spiritual man4 ,i ma9ta9$1 y w rememb]1 t ! philosophy ( life proce$s on ! simple assumption ( ?is inn] life4 ,n[1 9 ! prec$+ disc\rses x has be5 my endeavor to unfold ?is g5]al idea into a m fully-develop$ & m def9ite conception ( human consci\sness1 bo? 9 its sev]al pr9ciples & total coh]5ce4 ,& ?is almo/ completes ! fir/ division ( our :ole sket*4 ,= fully to complete a k ( ourselves1 & ( life 9 g5]al1 a few p>ticul>s only rema9 to be add$1 & a compreh5sive review ( ! :ole once m to be tak54 ,& ?is1 9 ! natural ord] ( ?is simple developm5t ( ?\ght1 =ms ! next subject ( our labors4 ,by reason ( ! close vital connection :i* subsi/s betwe5 ?\ght & spee*1 language s]v$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance = an ext]nal basis ( comp>ison1 :i* 9 ! next place art enabl$ me to c>ry /ill f>!r1 inasmu* z ! latt] may also be reg>d$ z an inn] language4 ,=1 h[ev] fragm5t>y & incomplete may be our collection ( languages & ! sci5ce !re(1 not)/&+ all ! enl>gem5t x has receiv$ f mod]n obs]vation & rese>*1 x is /ill possible1 by a rigor\s di/9ction ( ! d]ivatory & mix$ (f%oots f ! m anci5t & pur] bran*es1 to ga9 at lea/ an insight into ! hi/ory & progress ( language1 & !nce to trace ! probable c\rse ( its developm5t1 ev5 :ile its orig91 no less ?an ! equally incompreh5sible ph5om5on ( its fir/ ex]cise1 rema9s veil$ 9 imp5etrable obscurity4 ,& :5 we call$ art a language1 we did n mean ?is m]ely 9 ! same s5se t poetry has be5 /yl$--& inde$ has ev5 h]self assum$ ! title (--a div9e language1 on acc\nt ( ! ornam5tal figures ( its ext]nal =m2 nei!r 0 x because ( ! allegorical %apes & allusions1 nor ( ! symbolical g>b :i* pla/ic art s (t5 puts on4 ,! s transi5tly advanc$ metaphor 0 int5d$ to convey ! idea t art 9 g5]al1 n m]ely 9 its outw>d =m1 b 9 its inmo/ ess5ce1 & 9 all ( its =ms & species alike1 is a language ( nature ( a high] & spiritual k9d1 or1 if ! t]m be pref]r$1 an inw>d hi]oglyphical writ+ & orig9al spee* ( ! s\l1 :i* is imm$iately intelligible to all susceptible natures1 & to e "o ^: s5sibilities a ta/e = any =m ( art has r5d]$ op5 & accessible to its appeal4 ,= ! key to x lies n 9 any arbitr>ily e/abli%$ pr9ciple1 z is ! case ) t +5i\s & beautiful1 b /ill m]ely conv5tional inv5tion ( ! ,ea/--! symbolical language ( fl[]s1 b 9 ! feel+ & ! s\l itself4 ,= ! et]nal & fundam5tal feel+s ( ! s\l are awak5$1 or1 r1 reawak5$1 9 ^! inn]-s\l words ( true art1 :i*1 9 ! same s5se t we speak ( ! riddle ( life or ( ! _w1 mak+ its solution ! object & aim ( philosophy1 we may likewise t]m a riddle ( hope--( t hope1 9 tru?1 :i* is et]nal & div9e4 ,b high art1 l life & ! _w1 rema9s a riddle1 & mu/ ev] appe> to u z su*1 simply because 9 reality1 or at lea/ = ! great] "p1 x is only a few deta*$ notes1 )\t ! full & coh]5t air1 t x all[s to rea* u4 ,!re is1 !n1 an intr9sic connection betwe5 ?\ght & spee*1 betwe5 language & consci\sness4 ,moreov] man1 to judge ( him by ! collective sum ( 8 *>act]i/ic & ess5tial prop]ties1 is no?+ else ?an ! creat$ ^w1 ! fa9t e*o & v imp]fect copy ( ! uncreat$ & et]nal1 & /&s amid ! re/ ( creation1 midway betwe5 ! _w ( nature & t ( spirits4 ,= ^! reasons1 !n1 9 ! fur!r exposition ( 8 inn] life ,i %all inv>iably make use ( ! idea ( language1 & ev5 _m ( its *>act]i/ic prop]ties or peculi>ities1 z ! ext]nal basis ( a comp>ison calculat$ to ?r[ light ^u mu* t 9 ! inw>d ?\ght ( man x is o!rwise difficult to express & to make cle> by words4 ,=1 inde$1 g5]ally1 liv+ ?\ght & ! sci5ce !re(1 c n well or easily be sep>at$ f ! philosophy ( language4 ,! g5]al idea ( ! inn] life 01 ,i said1 ! basis ( all ! previ\s developm5t ( ideas1 & ?is 0 ! only hypo!sis :i* a philosophy ( life /&s 9 ne$ (1 or c v5ture to assume4 ,an objection may1 x is true1 be "h />t$4 ,9 ! v>i\s digressions into :i*1 9 ! fur!r developm5t ( ?is "o fundam5tal ?\ght1 ,i h be5 l$ by my wi% to exp& x to a full & complete idea ( ! consci\sness1 x may be said t mu* besides has be5 suppos$ or tak5 = grant$1 if n expressly1 yet tacitly2 n inde$ arbitr>ily1 b /ill z ! result ( a m]ely p]sonal conviction1 h[ev] positive & delib]ate4 ,to ?is objection1 s naturally to be expect$1 ,i c only reply1 t if occasionally ,i may n h express$ myself hypo!tically en\gh1 x 01 nev]!less1 my int5tion s to d4 ,consequ5tly all hypo!tical positions1 ) ! exception ( ! fundam5tal "o ( ! inn] ?\ght & life1 hi!rto assum$ by me1 are to be reg>d$ "h simply 9 su* a light4 ,!y are advanc$ only = ! nonce1 & provisionally1 until !y c receive a fur!r & complet] analysis1 )\t 9 anywise anticipat+ ! pro(1 nor1 by a ha/y decision1 assum+ ! tru?1 z if x 7 indep5d5t ( argum5t4 ,n[1 s9ce d\bt is a necess>y & inevitable prop]ty & an ess5tial pr9ciple ( ! :ole man 9 8 pres5t /ate1 we are br\ght by ! regul> c\rse ( our analysis to ! problem :i* is furni%$ by ! ?\ght at issue ) itself4 ,to ?is subject1 :i* n[ =ces itself imm$iately on our att5tion1 we mu/ devote an entire section ( our labors4 ,! object ( ! fir/ portion 0 to advance ! simple & g5]al ?\ght ( ! inn] life 7z be+ 9 ?is simple g5]ality too vague & undef9$71 or to raise x1 /ep by /ep1 to a full1 complete1 & compreh5sive1 b at ! same "t rightly divid$ conception ( ! human m9d4 ,9 ! same way1 9 ! next division ( my speculations1 ! ess5tial subject & prop] aim w be to c>ry t feel+1 call x z we w1 :e!r ( pure love1 or inn] life1 or high] tru?1 ^: exi/5ce we h1 we ?9k1 cle>ly e/abli%$1 ?r\gh ! crisis ( d\bt1 to a det]m9ate judgm5t ( pr(\nd c]ta9ty & unwav]+ conviction1 or at lea/ to a rigor\s di/9ction betwe5 t :i* is c]ta9 & t :i* mu/ =ev] rema9 unc]ta94 ,n[1 to r5d] 9 any degree complete t *>act]i/ic ( ! human m9d :i* x has be5 our object or endeavor 9 ! previ\s ,lectures to sket* 9 detail1 we 7 oblig$ to take 9 also ^? high] elem5ts :i* by _m are call$ 9 "q1 & by "s positively d5i$ to exi/4 ,& h]e9 lay ! natural gr\nd & ! occasion = our introduc+ ! m5tion ( !m1 at lea/ z facts ( consci\sness g5]ally ackn[l$g$ by ! common-s5se ( mank9d4 ,n t we !reby meant to exclude !m f a pr(\nd] inve/igation1 or to gu>d !m aga9/ ! intrusion ( t d\bt :i* kn[s no limits to its skepticism4 ,we only res]v$ !m to _! appropriate place 9 ! natural c\rse ( our developm5t ( liv+ ?\ght4 ,"s !re are1 we "k1 :o hold ev5 a high] & g5u9e s5se ( art to be a m]e fancy ei!r ( g5ius1 devot$ to & display+ its excell5ce !re91 or ( ! m]e dilettanti4 ,o!rs aga91 & ev5 celebrat$ writ]s1 h expla9$ consci5ce & its /ill1 small voice1 by ! acquir$ or in/ill$ prejudice ( education1 or z ! delusive effect ( cu/om4 ,h[ f> m num]\s1 !n1 mu/ be ! d\bts :i* su* a sy/em ( abnegation ( all t is good & exalt$ w\ld raise aga9/ ! ,platonic doctr9e ( a recollection ( et]nal love1 or t idea :i* ,i h labor$ to e/abli%1 ( a pure long+ aft] inf9ity6 ,if1 aga91 _m "q ! fre$om ( ! w1 !y d5y1 9 fact1 ! w itself2 = a w t is n free ceases to be w4 ,if1 moreov]1 o!rs refuse to recognize 9 all human ?\ght1 fictions1 & inv5tions1 any ?+ creatively new & peculi>ly orig9al1 see+ !re9 no?+ b repetition or fre% comb9ations ( ext]nal impressions1 consequ5tly d5y+ to ! human m9d all p[] ( inv5tion1 !n mu/ fancy be d5i$ to be "o ( ! m9d's fundam5tal p[]s4 ,=1 9 tru?1 9 su* a case1 x is no?+ m ?an memory1 or1 r1 x is memory fall5 into delirium4 ,o!rs1 aga91 w\ld ref] ev5 reason itself & ! ess5tial rational "* ( man simply to a m delicate s5su\s organization ?an is possess$ by ! mo/ highly-end[$ among ! brute creation4 ,all su* special & ecc5tric op9ions =m b s _m subord9ate *apt]s ( our second "p1 :i* has = its !me reason & d\bt1 & ! /ate ( d\bt1 :i* are natural to man4 ,to x1 !re=e1 !y mu/ be res]v$ = inve/igation4 ,we c n anticipate ! p]iod ( _! discussion 9 ! pres5t place1 :]e our fir/ object is1 by a developm5t ( ! simple ?\ght & ! g5]al ideas ( ! inn] life1 to sket* a p]fect outl9e ( ! human m9d1 :i* %all take 9 all its high] elem5ts & capacities1 z well z ! e>?ly & inf]ior +r$i5ts :i* are bl5d$ ) !m4 ,! ?\ght or conception1 z ! g5]al manife/ation ( ! inn] life1 is 9 its nature & =m indef9ite1 b /ill a cogitation1 :i* ev5 at ?is /ep is already ref]r$ to a p>ticul> object1 & s 9 its cont5ts limit$ !reto4 ,an idea or notion1 h[ev]1 is a conception ma!matically proportion$ by numb]1 measure1 & weight2 i4e41 accord+ to ! numb] ( its sev]al con/itu5ts x is c>efully divid$1 & its subord9ate g5]a enum]at$2 measur$ accord+ to its ext5t1 & accord+ to its int]nal value & compreh5sion1 & also its relation to o!r k9dr$ notions ( a high] or l[] ord] c>efully weigh$ & pond]$2 9 %ort1 a conception complete & p]fect 9 itself4 ,hi!rto1 !re=e1 x has be5 prop]ly b a s+le notion t has engag$ our att5tion1 & =m$ ! subject-matt] ( our :ole speculation--! notion1 viz41 ( ! human consci\sness4 ,= x is n m]ely philosophy to l9k toge!r 9 a nev]-end+ *a9 its own self-d]iv$ & arbitr>y ideas1 by "s speci\s rule ( necess>y connection4 ,! duty ( philosophy is r orig9ally to comb9e facts--&1 9 tru?1 all ! giv5 facts ( a c]ta9 k9d1 & )9 a c]ta9 range1 9 "o cle>1 intelligible1 & p]fectly vivid notion1 & x has g5]ally to d ) v few ideas4 ,two or ?ree ideas1 9 %ort1 su* z t ( consci\sness1 ( sci5ce1 or ( man himself1 are q suffici5t = its purpose ( solv+1 if n fully & completely1 yet at lea/ to ! full ext5t ( :at is n m]ely possible & all[able1 b also :olesome & pr(itable1 ! ?ree riddles ( life1 ( ! univ]se1 & ( a div9e hope1 :i* lie be=e ! :ole human m9d1 & !reby to arrive at "s abid+ conviction ) reg>d to !m4 ,n[1 9 conclud+ our developm5t ( ! human m9d1 & add+ to x all t is /ill want+ to its complet5ess1 ,i %all obs]ve ! same me?od ( exposition z ,i h hi!rto foll[$4 ,leav+ = ! nonce unmoot$1 ! grave que/ions :e!r !re be any su* ?+ z tru?--&1 if s1 :e!r man is capable ( recogniz+ & atta9+ to x 9 any degree--& res]v+ !m to _! appropriate place :]e !y w naturally arise1 ,i %all adopt into ! outl9e ( ! g5]al notion ( ! consci\sness all ^? facts ( x :i* are ackn[l$g$ by ! common-s5se ( mank9d4 ,i %all1 z su*1 all[ !m all & no m ?an _! due weight4 ,occasionally1 h[ev]1 :5 any su* ph5om5on appe>s some:at que/ionable1 ,i %all add a ^w or two ( explanation1 9 ord] to gu>d aga9/ ! possibility ( misconception1 or an ov]ha/y inf]5ce1 sett+ d[n ! facts purely z su*1 & s f> z !y are already appreh5d$1 = fur!r inve/igation & inquiry4 ,! f\r opposite poles or extremes ( man's divid$ & discordant consci\sness are1 ,i said1 its f\r fundam5tal faculties or p[]s1 und]/&+ & w1 & reason & fancy4 ,) reg>d to ! two fir/1 e "o may1 bo? f int]nal exp]i5ce ( 8 own self & f obs]vation ( 8 fell[-m51 easily arrive at a conviction t !y seldom "w toge!r 9 p]fect h>mony1 & t ! discord is (t5 ! mo/ viol5t :5 ei!r "o or bo? ( ^! two faculties possess m ?an ord9>y /r5g?4 ,! m>k$ opposition betwe5 reason & fancy reveals itself b too pla9ly1 bo? 9 private & public life4 ,! m5 ( m]e ta/e & imag9ation1 arti/ic & poetical natures 7to :i* category1 9 a some:at loose s5se1 v _m really belong1 ?\gh ! happy exceptions ( true g5ius be inde$ r>e71 on ! "o h&2 & on ! o!r1 ! m5 ( practical reason--! utilit>ians1 :o limit _! views1 m or less1 to ! public advantage to be d]iv$ f ?is quality ( practical reason1 & look ) di/ru/ to e high] flight ( fancy or feel+1 =m two ho/ile classes ( m51 :o ) difficulty compreh5d ea* o!r4 ,at lea/ !y are seldom 9 a position to und]/& "o ano!r's feel+s1 & rightly & fairly to appreciate !m4 ,/ill m r>e are ! exceptions1 :]e bo? ^! faculties & m5tal *>act]s are f\nd unit$ 9 "o & ! same individual4 ,aft] ^! f\r fundam5tal faculties ( ! fir/ ord]1 come c]ta9 accessory functions ( ! second ord]1 d]iv$ f or comp\nd$ ( ! =m]4 ,( ^!1 consci5ce & memory1 & aft] !m ! in/9cts & passions1 h be5 describ$ z movem5ts ( ! w1 pass+ ov] into ! illimitable region ( ! fancy1 & consequ5tly hold+ an int]m$iate place betwe5 w & fancy4 ,we h n[ to add a ^w or two conc]n+ ! ext]nal s5ses1 & !re) to complete our sket* ( ! human consci\sness 9 its pres5t divid$ & di/ract$ condition4 ,b previ\sly to ent]+ ^u ?is topic1 ,i w\ld1 ) ref]5ce to ?is la/-m5tion$ *>act]i/ic ( in/9ct1 call y\r att5tion to a p>ticul> species ( x1 :i* is n unimportant1 b r belongs ess5tially to a complete picture ( ?is "p ( ! human consci\sness4 ,x w1 moreov]1 furni% a new in/ance1 to %[ h[ 9 nature h]self !re lies a cause1 or at lea/ a fir/ occasion = _m p>allels ( comp>ative psy*ology1 simil> to ^? :i* h already pres5t$ !mselves4 ,i am allud+ to ! arti/ic in/9cts display$ by "s ( ! m sagaci\s animals1 & especially "s ( ! indu/ri\s memb]s ( ! insect tribe4 ,^! pres5t a rem>kable aff9ity to human art1 9 :i* all1 at lea/1 is n ! effect ( tea*+4 ,9 ! l[] b /ill beautiful degrees ( arti/ic tal5t1 !re is mu* t seems in/9ctive 9 its op]ation1 &1 z x 71 unconsci\s & innate4 ,true & l(ty g5ius ( art c n be "h includ$4 ,x belongs1 on ! contr>y1 to a diff]5t sph]e4 ,= 9 x ! unconsci\s creative faculty is n n>r[ly re/rict$ to "o rigid pa? or def9ite =m1 b has r = its ess5tial basis a productive p[] ( imag9ation1 ( univ]sal range & fullness1 & :i*1 z x 71 travails 9 bir? ) ! inf9ite4 ,n[ ?is notion1 ?us borr[$ f natural sci5ce1 = ! purposes ( a comp>ative psy*ology1 seems well applicable to t pure feel+ ( inf9ite long+ :i* is ! mo/ exalt$ ( all man's aspirations4 ,accord+ to t idea ( x :i* ,i h labor$ to e/abli%1 we c "n ?is pr(\nd inw>d long+1 :i* no?+ e>?ly c ev] satisfy1 man's in/9ct ( et]nity--an in/9ct :i* (t5 long rema9s1 & at ! fir/ always is p]fectly unconsci\s ( a high] vocation & div9e de/9y4 ,! ext]nal s5ses are 9 "o respect ! fai?ful organs & in/rum5ts ( ! und]/&+ 9 ! mat]ial _w1 ) :i* x makes its exp]i5ce or obs]vations !re91 & draws !refrom its exp]im5tal sci5ce4 ,9 ano!r po9t ( view1 !y may n improp]ly be t]m$ an appli$ or practical fancy1 :i* = a def9ite direction ex]cises itself on ! individual ph5om5a ( ! mat]ial _w1 = ! copy+ & reproduction ( ext]nal impressions on ! organs1 z1 e4g41 ( ! visible =m or r$uc$ image 9 ! eye1 is 9 any case no?+ b an inf]ior species or a collat]al bran* ( ! g5]al faculty ( productive imag9ation4 ,b t new & spiritual s5se ( high] pot5cy1 :i* 9 ! purely mat]ial c only develop itself z an exception1 or may appe> to be veil$ !re9--,i mean ! ke5 appreciation by ! e> ( musical tones1 & ! eye = picturesque beauty ( =m 9 ! pla/ic art--c only be reg>d$ z a lightn+-sp>k ( fancy pass+ along & op]at+ ?r\gh ?is ext]nal m$ium & conductor4 ,"o rem>k seems ( importance 9 connection ) our :ole subject2 at any rate x w n be sup]flu\s1 z confirm+ our ass]tion t ! ?reefold pr9ciple ( human life 9 g5]al is f\nd repeat$ 9 its s+le memb]s2 & ?\gh on a small] scale1 is /ill manife/$ 9 ! same relation4 ,we obs]ve1 !re=e1 t :atev] physiological1 or1 x may be1 anatomical reasons physiologi/s may h = c\nt+ five s5ses--& !y may be p]fectly suffici5t & adequate = ! requisitions ( physical sci5ce1 /ill1 psy*ologically1 x is f> m accurate & also simpl]1 9 a philosophical s5se1 to limit _! numb] to ?ree4 ,no d\bt1 9 ! s5sation ( ta/e1 n only a me*anical contact occurs1 b !re is also a *emical decomposition ( ! ta/$ matt]1 by :i* ! s5sation ( sweet or bitt] is produc$4 ,s1 too1 9 smell1 al?\gh no visible evaporation takes place1 /ill x is a fact t ari=m float+ p>ticles are ?r[n (f f ! s5sible body1 & actually tak5 9 by ! s5ti5t4 ,/ill ^! are f> f be+ adequate gr\nds = mak+ ( !m two indep5d5t s5ses4 ,ev5 9 ! inn] organic p]ception ( "o's bodily heal? & ease1 & 9 ! opposite case ( pa91 x is some?+ m ?an ! m]e me*anical contact f )\t t is !re9 s5su\sly p]ceiv$4 ,b are we dispos$ on ?is acc\nt to agree ) ^? :o propose to divide /ill fur!r ! s+le s5se ( mat]ial t\*1 & increase ! numb] ( ! s5ses8 ,we feel at once t ?is w\ld be sup]flu\s1 s9ce all ^! propos$ divisions are1 at lea/ 9 a psy*ological po9t ( view1 to be reg>d$ simply z modifications--z bran*es or l[] species ( "o & ! same s5se4 ,& by ! same analogy1 !n1 we may reckon all ^! mat]ial s5ses = "o4 ,?us1 !n1 we h 9 all b ?ree s5ses1 pres5t+ 9 ?is small] & mean] sph]e an accurate correspond5ce to ! triple man1 & ! ?ree elem5ts :i* make up 8 :ole be+--body1 s\l1 & _s4 ,( ! out] s5ses1 ! eye is inconte/ably ! mo/ spiritual4 ,! e>1 :]eby we are s5ti5t ( s\nds1 words1 & voices1 & melody1 & all music1 corresponds to ! s\l2 :ile ! s5se ( mat]ial feel+1 :i* is also de/9$ to be ! m9i/]+ organ & gu>dian ( ! heal? & welf>e ( ! body1 is corporeal1 & corresponds to ! pr9ciple ( organic life4 ,aft] ! loss bo? ( sight & he>+1 ! body may bo? be & long cont9ue heal?y & vigor\s2 :]eas a defect 9 ! s5se ( feel+1 s soon1 at lea/1 z x became g5]al & total1 w\ld be ! comm5cem5t ( dea?1 or at lea/ appe> to be s1 s9ce diseases tempor>ily take ?is =m4 ,h[ev]1 ?is ?ird & corporeal s5se ( feel+ is n always entirely ext]nal & grossly mat]ial4 ,x may develop itself1 at lea/ by way ( exception 7s9ce ! s5se ( art 9 ! eye & e> is n univ]sal71 z a sort ( intellectual p]ception1 ?\gh /ill a physical feel+ ( k9dr$ life & ( ! inn] light1 :i* (t5 gives rise to a peculi> & rem>kable imm$iate natural s5se 7n to call x an in/9ct7 = ! invisible1 :i* is en%r\d$ )9 ! outw>d ph5om5a ( life4 ,& ?\gh "s w\ld fa9 d5y ! reality ( ?is capacity1 /ill1 inasmu* z its exi/5ce is a matt] ( fact1 adequately confirm$ by exp]i5ce1 z great1 if n great] error may be committ$ 9 ! opposite direction4 ,because ?is acute natural s5se does unque/ionably (t5 arrive 9 a mo/ wond]ful mann] at a j & "r conclusion--or ?is in/9ct make mo/ rem>kable div9ations--we mu/ n1 !re=e1 exalt x at once into a k9d ( invisible1 infallible1 &1 z x 71 omnisci5t oracle4 ,= su* is n to be met ) 9 ! pa? ( psy*ology1 nor 9 ! :ole circle ( faculties :i* belong to man z man1 & lea/ ( all 9 t critical po9t ( transition out ( ! ord9>y p]ception ( consci\sness into a complete /ate ( unconsci\sness1 & f ?is aga9 into a cle> & bright consci\sness2 :i* po9t1 ev5 on ?is acc\nt1 seem+ to /& midway betwe5 light & %ade1 exhibits "h & !re a /rong resemblance to ! _w ( dreams4 ,su*1 9 g5]al1 is ! limitation ( ! human intellect1 t reason1 z has be5 already (t5 rem>k$1 c nev] be reg>d$ z an un]r+ oracle & infallible organ ( tru?2 nei!r is ! cle>e/ und]/&+ & ! mo/ exp]i5c$ arti/ic s5se1 ev5 9 its own peculi> sph]e1 always un]r+4 ,/ill less c ei!r ! w or ! fancy make su* a claim4 ,ev5 ! inn] voice ( consci5ce1 al?\gh its "n alludes directly to an inw>d kn[+1 & ! c]ta9ty !re(1#fi is n always & univ]sally recogniz$ z su* an infallible guide--o!rwise _m a ?9k] & writ] on ! subject w\ld n h set up1 z necess>y to expla9 at lea/ "s cases1 ! idea ( a mi/ak5 consci5ce4 ,x appe>s1 !n1 t ?is natural s5se1 ev5 :]e x exi/s 9 ! greate/ /r5g? & cle>ness1 mu/ be always reg>d$ z an entirely individual & peculi> gift1 & c only be und]/ood & judg$ ( z su*4 ,?is rem>k involves1 p]haps1 ! mo/ important consid]ation1 :i*1 9 judg+ ( x1 we mu/ always keep 9 view4 ,moreov]1 ev5 :]e x really & decid$ly exi/s1 :e!r 9 a /ate ( complete or half-consci\sness1 or 9 full consci\s wakefulness1 x always requires ! close/ obs]vation & ! mo/ wat*ful c>e be=e x c atta9 to its full p]fection2 = its developm5t mu/ be extremely sl[ & gradual4 ,9 ?is respect x mu/ resemble ! expansion ( t high & spiritual s5se ( art :i* =ms a bright & lum9\s po9t )9 ! mat]ial organ ( ! e> or eye--:i* lies en%r\d$ 9 ! ext]nal organ l a spiritual g]m1 or--z we may ju/ly t]m ! arti/'s vision z comp>$ ) t ( o!r m5--an eye )9 ! eye4 ,we h n[ tak5 a g5]al view ( ! :ole human m9d1 f9d+ x to comprise f\r great fundam5tal faculties ( ! fir/ class1 & !n c]ta9 second>y ones--viz41 memory & consci5ce1 ) ! appetites & ext]nal s5ses1 :i*1 at lea/ 9 ! psy*ological po9t ( view1 appe> to be mix$ =ms or d]ivatives ( ! =m]4 ,! f\r fir/ are occasionally f\nd comb9$ toge!r 9 due proportion4 ,:5 ?is comb9ation is ! natural end[m5t ( g5ius1 !y atta9 to _! noble/ en]gy1 & ev5 by a lively & c>eful developm5t1 !y (t5 atta9 to a mo/ exquisite unity ( op]ation4 ,mo/ly1 h[ev]1 we meet ) a decid$ prepond]ance & exclusive asc5d5cy ( "s "o1 :i* 9 its ext]nal effects is only limit$ & *eck$ by ! fact t x is ?us isolat$4 ,! f\r r>ely co-op]ate toge!r2 &1 = ! mo/ "p1 by _! diss5sion !y prove *ecks & h9drances to ea* o!r4 ,b n m]ely 9 ! individual & 8 p]sonal life & conduct d ^! f\r fundam5tal =ces display su* /r5g? & vital en]gy 9 ! gr& developm5t ( ! :ole human race2 & 9 its hi/ory we may also obs]ve ! same fact4 ,among ! ,greeks we recognize1 di/9ctly & cle>ly1 a pr(\nd & +5i\s intellect pr$om9at+ 9 life1 no less ?an 9 art & sci5ce2 9 ! ,romans1 an irresi/ible & sov]eign =ce ( w1 r$uc+ ! _w to its subjection1 & (t5 no less glori\sly impos+ laws on itself2 9 ! ,*ri/ian middle ages1 ! lovely devices ( fancy giv+ its bold %apes to life itself z well z to art2 & la/ly1 9 mod]n times1 reason squ>+ e ?+ to ! measure ( its own m9d & laws1 c\pl+ (t51 & associat+1 or1 by its middle t]ms1 equat+ toge!r ! remote/ elem5ts1 & n less frequ5tly ex]cis+ a de/ructive en]gy aga9/ all1 & ev5 aga9/ itself4 ,?us ?is gr\nd-s*eme ( human consci\sness1 :i* =m$ ! fir/ result ( ! psy*ological inve/igation ( our own selves1 meets u "h also on a gr&] scale z a "p ( ! _w's hi/ory1 & 9 ! l>ge dim5sions ( successive ages & c5turies1 z ! fir/ /rik+ result 9 ! hi/ory ( man's civilization dur+ ! tw5ty-five c5turies :i*1 z ly+ ne>e/ to our own times1 we are be/ acqua9t$ )4 ,mu* z may be want+ to fill up1 bo? 9 ! comm5cem5t & ! middle--mu*1 9 %ort1 z x w\ld be necess>y to add or m closely to def9e1 if x 7 our object to draw a univ]sal sket* ( ! f\r hi/orical epo*s & ages ( ! civilization ( ! _w )9 ! limits be/ kn[n to u1 yet = our imm$iate object ^! m]e h9ts are suffici5t2 = !y prove h[1 ev5 9 hi/ory1 9 its place ea* ( ^! f\r fundam5tal p[]s ( man develop$ itself 9 ! mo/ decid$ =m & display$ a m>vel\s & uncontrollable en]gy4 ,"h1 too1 we see t an intr9sic equilibrium betwe5 ^! sev]al p[]s =ms 9 g5]al b ! r>e & happy exception1 :ile on ! :ole x is mo/ly want+4 ,inde$ ! abs5ce ( a complete vital union & co-op]ation is b too pa9fully felt & p]ceiv$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,q diff]5t1 h[ev]1 is ! case ) ! mix$ & m$iate faculties ( ! second rank1 :i* are d]iv$ f ! =m]4 ,to ^! may be appli$ ! rem>k we lately made on ! ,am]ican tribes & languages1 9 relation to t degradation ( ! human race s especially noticeable 9 !m1 & its /ill advanc+ deg5]acy & dismemb]m5t4 ,! ext]nal s5ses1 ^: meag] p[]s ( cognition are b a sorry make-%ift = man's m9d1 :i* 9 its ?ir/ ( k w\ld embrace all exi/5ce1 ! ,godhead1 & ! univ]se1 are n>r[ly re/rict$ to ! mat]ial _w imm$iately ar\nd him4 ,f su* slight & unpromis+ beg9n+s1 sci5ce is no d\bt occasionally able to evolve _m a great & noble tru?4 ,& ev5 9 ! ext]nal s5ses !mselves a feel+ ( art or a cle> & pure s5se ( nature gleams =? at times1 l a little sp>k ( pur] light4 ,/ill ev5 "h _m & great imp$im5ts affect !m & _! sure application4 ,memory1 too1 is on ! :ole little m ?an a me*anical read9ess1 ) difficulty acquir$1 & soon weak5$ & blunt$4 ,! appetites or in/9cts are liable to numb]less ab]rations & passionate excesses4 ,z to consci5ce1 !re is b too mu* reason to fe> t x is = ! mo/ "p 9 a /ate ( weakness & apa?y1 dw>f$ & mutilat$ 9 its p[]s & op]ations4 ,at lea/1 ! rem>k is no v /range "o t consci5ce1 :i* has an e> z well z a small1 /ill voice1 does n always he> v quickly1 & (t5 fails to he> v mu* t x might & w\ld d well to li/5 to4 ,:e!r !re are n m5 :o 9 ?is respect may be consid]$ p]fectly deaf1 is a "q :i* c only be answ]$ by an accurate & specific hi/ory ( human crimes1 or by ^? ^: call+ x is to /udy ?is sad & gloomy side ( ! picture ( human life4 ,su* complete moral deadness z ?is1 h[ev]1 :i* happily =ms a r>e exception 9 humanity1 may1 p]haps1 be rightly reg>d$ z a k9d ( moral imbecility = all high] & moral s5tim5ts1 ev5 ?\gh x is frequ5tly accompani$ ) great cle>ness ( intellect & a high degree ( in/9ctive %rewdness or cunn+4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! cases are probably r>e1 :]e ! delicate moral s5sibility or inw>d p]ception ( "r & wrong among nobl] natures1 is develop$ 9 su* purity & /r5g?1 & c>ri$ to su* a height ( p]fection & /ability1 z ! musical e> & arti/ic delicacy is by great musicians & amateurs ( ! art4 ,probably1 too1 x is m suitable1 & also m pr(itable1 = human nature 9 its pres5t degrad$ /ate1 t its high] s5ses & organs = ! invisible %\ld n manife/ !mselves 9 u 9 all _! extreme & ov]p[]+ en]gy1 & = ! mo/ "p %\ld b %9e ) a subdu$ light1 or1 z x 71 gleam ?r\gh "s %r\d+ envelope4 ,ev5 ( ! consci5ce ?is is true4 ,at lea/1 x admits n ( d5ial t a few mom5ts' brief enjoym5t ( a truly bright & cle>-sight$ consci5ce w\ld be en\gh to te> ! s\l =ev] f its pres5t indiff]5ce1 & to plunge x into an abyss ( unspeakable grief1 = :i* e>?ly language possesses no adequate expression1 & = :i* ! human bosom has no suitable notes ( lam5tation & m\rn+4 ,x is1 !re=e1 only ! great] pro( ( b5efic5ce if ! invisible _w1 & ! my/]ies ( et]nal woe :i* await ! lo/ _s--9 comp>ison ) :i* e e>?ly pa9 & all e>?ly suff]+ are z no?+--is 9 m]cy %r\d$ ) a veil1 :i* only seldom & on r>e occasions may lawfully be lift$4 ,n[1 g5]ally1 x is at ! utt]mo/ conf9es ( error1 9 ! v dep?s ( degradation1 & ! l[e/ level ( n>r[-m9d$ness1 t ! fir/ high] impulse & beg9n+ ( happi] times exalts itself1 op5+ out ! way ( return to a new] & bett] life4 ,! same probably may be ! case 9 our pres5t %ackl$ & di/ract$ consci\sness4 ,^? v gross mi/akes & ab]rations to :i* ! limit$ & discordant faculties are liable1 may furni% ! common basis = ! gr[? ( ano!r vitally complete & h>moni\s co-op]at+ consci\sness4 ,= n[ t we h1 by ! enum]ation ( ^! eight faculties1 made a complete sket* ( ! human consci\sness1 ! "q may arise1 naturally en\gh1 8,:i* is ! common c5t] ( ?is sph]e1 or :at is !re f\nd or demon/rable 9 ?is c5t]80 ,x 0 ) a view to ?is "q t ,i attempt$ to give a ref9$ int]pretation ( ! ,platonic idea ( ! anamnesis1 tak+ x to mean ! recollection ( a high] love1 n s mu* 9 a =m] exi/5ce z ( & f et]nity4 ,we expla9$ x1 consequ5tly1 to be a species ( transc5d5tal memory4 ,& 9 ?is s5se we ju/ifi$ x1 demon/rat+ at ! same "t1 9 t o!r region :i* is =m$ ( man's in/9ct & desires1 ! exi/5ce ( ! pure idea ( inf9ite long+ z ! highe/ ef=t ( ! human s\l4 ,! s5se ( art1 & pr(\nd feel+ ( natural beauty1 :i* belong to true arti/ic g5ius1 are recogniz$ z be+ 9 _! sph]e extraord9>y end[m5ts4 ,9 ! same way no "o w wi% to d5y t ! moral feel+1 z ! natural expression ( ! inn] voice ( consci5ce1 con/itutes 9 social life ! fundam5tal condition & ! sure/ f\ndation = all l(ty & noble s5tim5ts4 ,?us feel+ is t c5t] :i* we 7 9 se>* (1 ( ! o!rwise divid$ & di/ract$ consci\sness4 ,i might call x ! moral feel+1 only !n x w\ld n be ( s univ]sal an application z x really is4 ,= ! moral aspect con/itutes only a s+le view & en]gy ( ! :ole1 s9ce ! feel+ ( art1 & e o!r k9d ( high] s5tim5t1 belongs equally to x4 ,) mu* great] propriety ,i might t]m x ! inn]1 by way ( di/9ction f ! ext]nal & mat]ial s5se ( feel+4 ,less cle> ?an ! und]/&+1 & n s decid$ or def9ite z ! w1 ) m vitality & life ?an ! reason1 b at ! same "t m n>r[ly limit$ ?an ! fancy1 ! imm$iate sph]e ( individual exi/5ce--feel+1 occupies ! c5tral space betwe5 ! f\r fundam5tal faculties1 z well z betwe5 ! f\r int]m$iate faculties ( ! second ord]4 ,x is ! app>5tly indiff]5t1 b 9 tru? ! full & liv+ c5t] ( consci\sness1 :]e e vibration ( all ! o!r isolat$ p[]s meet & cross1 ei!r neutraliz+ ea* o!r1 or comb9+ toge!r into new life & h>moni\s co-op]ation ,x admits1 inde$1 ( ! mo/ v>i\s degrees ( developm5t & ( e k9d ( progression1 f ! simple/1 almo/ indiff]5t1 & passive s5se ( m]e exi/5ce1 up to ! highe/ & self-sacrific+ en?usiasm1 :i* he$s no =m or phase ( dea?1 or up to t highe/ /ate ( rapture :i* loses itself on ! v v]ge ( unconsci\sness4 ,9 ?is respect we might well say1 ) ! poet1 8,feel+ is all40 ,x is ! c5t] ( life1 & ! he>t ( ! :ole1 ea* s+le & individual faculty1 9 & by itself1 be+1 z comp>$ ) x1 b 8noise1 p[d]1 & smoke10 8%r\d+ ! bright empyrean40 ,& yet ?is c5t] ( ! consci\sness is n1 h[ev]1 su* z to be able1 by its inh]5t =ce & activity1 to organize & regulate ! :ole1 hold+ 9 union all ^? o!rwise isolat$ p[]s & /ates ( ! human m9d4 ,9 ?is respect x is1 on ! :ole1 passive4 ,inde$1 view$ 9 a m accurate light1 feel+ is n s mu* an individual & peculi> faculty z an entirely =mless & indef9ite1 b /ill vitally mov$ & frequ5tly excit$1 condition ( ! consci\sness1 :i* is to =m ! po9t ( transition f its pres5t /ate ( f\rfold division1 into ! liv+1 p]fect1 & h>moni\s co-op]ation ( its triple /ate4 ,:5 reason & fancy h ceas$ to be divid$1 be+ re/or$ to on5ess by ! liv+ feel+1 b are bl5d$ toge!r 9 ! ?9k+ & lov+ s\l1 we h ! basis on :i* a re/oration ( ! consci\sness to h>mony & p]fection mu/ 9 e case be comm5c$4 ,:5 ! great faculty ( ! und]/&+ no long] /&s alo( by itself1 coldly inactive2 :5 ! /rong w ceases1 by its bl9d ob/9acy1 to imp$e its own ef=ts2 :5 ! two h n[ gr[n toge!r into an effectual pot5cy ( ! life-enlight5$ _s1 9 :i* e ?\ght is at once an act1 & e ^w a p[] 7a /ate :i* is only possible & atta9able 9 ?is c5t] ( a high] love7--we h !n ! second /ep on ! pa? ( return to ! orig9al p]fection ( ! consci\sness4 ,b be=e ,i attempt to add to ?is scale ( progression ! la/ t]m :i* is yet want+1 ,i mu/ episodically introduce & discuss ano!r "q4 ,x relates to ! ph5om5on ( judgm5t1 :i* z yet has n _h its place assign$ to x 9 ! consci\sness4 ,is x to be consid]$ z an indep5d5t faculty ( ! s\l1 & 9 :at relation does x /& to ! o!r m5tal p[]s8 ,n[1 by judgm5t1 9 ! m]ely logical s5se1 no?+ m is und]/ood ?an ! connect+ ( a pr$icate ) a subject4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! complete syllogism1 8,all m5 are mortal3 ,caius is a man1 !re=e ,caius is mortal10 ! m9or premise1 :]e ! middle or g5]al t]m is specially appli$1 &1 consequ5tly1 pr$ict$ ( an individual1 alone =ms su* a judgm5t4 ,n[1 s9ce x is ! reason t logically connects ?\ghts toge!r1 x is n easy to see :y ?is "o act1 by :i* ! pr$icate & subject are connect$1 %\ld be sep>at$ f all o!rs & set up & reg>d$ z an indep5d5t & especial faculty4 ,= by s do+ no?+ is expla9$1 & an unnecess>y addition is made to ! subdivisions 7already too num]\s7 ( ! human m9d & its ?9k+ p[]s4 ,q o!rwise1 h[ev]1 is x ) ano!r class ( judgm5ts1 :i*1 9 fact1 are highly des]v+ ! "n4 ,= ^! 9 _! prop] sph]e actually decide4 ,& _! decisions are g5]ally reg>d$ z au?oritative because !y are bas$ on natural tal5ts1 a practic$ eye1 a multif>i\s & ext5sive exp]i5ce1 a long /udy ( ! matt]s !y are conc]n$ ab\t1 :i* 9 practice r5d] !m m or less c]ta9 & tru/wor?y4 ,9 ?is case ! act ( judgm5t is no simple function ( ! ?9k+ faculty4 ,x is1 r1 ! sum ( ! manifold elem5ts & spiritual p]ceptions on :i* x ex]cises itself1 & :i* x presupposes4 ,= ! mo/ "p x is ! highly complicat$ & composite result ( _m fundam5tal premises4 ,we c n1 h[ev]1 reckon ?is high] function ( judgm5t 9 any p>ticul> sph]e z a peculi> m5tal faculty1 s9ce 9 su* a case a special "o mu/ ne$s be assum$ = e "o2 = a "r discrim9ation 9 any "o sph]e does n by any means imply equal c]ta9ty 9 ano!r4 ,moreov]1 ! sev]al species & bran*es ( ! g5]al gift are f\nd to exi/ q sep>ately & di/9ct f ea* o!r4 ,s9ce1 !n1 ! g5]al notion ( an indep5d5t faculty does n af=d a satisfactory explanation ( ! ph5om5a ( judgm5t1 we mu/ seek x 9 "s o!r direction4 ,& "h a few examples w greatly t5d to illu/rate ! :ole matt]4 ,h[ mu*1 = in/ance1 is compris$ 9 a g5u9e arti/ic judgm5t6 ,x is comp\nd$ ( a multitude ( obs]vations1 impressions1 reflections1 & emotions4 ,& yet ! op9ion result+ f all ^! is simply "o1 & def9itely compris$ 9 "o simple s5t5ce4 ,suppose ! op9ion pron\nc$ to be1 t ?is or t beautiful & anci5t pa9t+ is n f ! ma/] to :om x is commonly ascrib$1 b belongs1 r1 to ?is or t o!r s*ool4 ,( c\rse ,i am n suppos+ ! case :]e su* an ass]tion c be prov$ hi/orically by docum5t>y evid5ce4 ,9 su* a case ! decision w\ld turn on a matt] ( fact1 & n on judgm5t--at lea/1 n on true arti/ic judgm5t4 ,! judgm5t 9 "q mu/ pr9cipally1 if n entirely1 be drawn f ! "w itself--f ! /yle ( ! h&l+1 & simil> indications1 by a practic$ & almo/ infallible tact4 ,s v>i\s1 9 %ort1 & manifold are ! obs]vations on :i* su* an arti/ic judgm5t dep5ds1 t !y (t5 furni% matt] = a :ole book1 or1 at lea/1 = an essay4 ,:5ev]1 h[ev]1 x is really arti/ic disc]nm5t1 & n m]ely hi/orical k1 t is involv$1 we inv>iably meet ) "s "o po9t or o!r :i* does n admit ( ma!matical demon/ration1 & on :i* ! ultimate decision mu/ be left to ea* man's p]sonal judgm5t1 or t imm$iate p]ception :i* =ms a feel+ ( art4 ,mo/ ju/ly1 !re=e1 does our language closely connect ! two expressions4 ,= a true arti/ic judgm5t ,kun/ur!il is itself no?+ else ?an ?is intuitive feel+ ( art ,kun/gefuhl appli$ to a special case or subject1 & br\ght out 9 p]fect cle>ness & compris$ 9 a def9ite %ape4 ,j s x is 9 ! sph]e ( social life ) reg>d to ! judgm5t on :at is prop]--! feel+1 9 %ort1 ( propriety4 ,"h1 = in/ance1 x is no uncommon "q :e!r ?is or t ^w1 spok5 9 "s delicate po/ure ( affairs1 0 really necess>y1 exactly :at 0 "r to be said & ?or\ghly suitable1 or altoge!r ill-*os5 & unseasonable4 ,or ) reg>d to "s /ep /ill 9 contemplation1 x may be disput$ :e!r su* or su* a me?od be ! be/ & ! mo/ appropriate4 ,h[ _m little niceties & delicate consid]ations are "h involv$1 :i* a f9e feel+ c alone ent] into6 ,:at v>i\s & intricate cont+5cies1 = :i* x is (t5 difficult to f9d words suffici5tly expressive1 mu/ su* a judgm5t take into acc\nt1 9 its delib]ation on su* matt]s6 ,& 9 social conv]se on su* in/ances1 is n ! ca/+-voice g5]ally left to ! acute s5sibilities & quick tact ( woman8 ,= 9 all su* cases ! decision inv>iably dep5ds ^u an imm$iate feel+ ( propriety1 :i*1 ?\gh fir/ call$ =? & develop$ by ! social int]c\rse ( life1 is 9 tru? orig9al & innate4 ,su*1 inde$1 x mu/ ev] be4 ,= :]e x does n exi/ naturally1 x c nev] be le>n$ nor artificially acquir$4 ,! orig9al want ( ?is inw>d feel+ c nev] be replac$ by any v>ni% ( ext]nal culture1 h[ev] brilliant4 ,& ! case is also ! same ev5 9 ! sph]e ( sci5ce2 = in/ance1 9 ! %rewd1 se>*+ glance by :i* ! skillful physician takes 8 diagnosis ( disease2 or 9 ! cle>1 p]spicaci\s sagacity :i* enables ! judge1 9 "s highly complicat$ suit or d\btful crim9al trial1 to seize ! "r po9t on :i* tru? & ju/ice h+e4 ,= 9 judicial cases1 ) mu* t admits ( demon/rative pro(1 or :i*1 z matt] ( fact1 is unque/ion$1 !re is /ill m :]e no?+ b ?is psy*ological p5etration1 long practic$ 9 su* matt]s1 & to :i* pa/ exp]i5ce has giv5 confid5ce 9 itself1 c imm$iately see ?r\gh all ! sophi/ical wiles n only ( ! plead+s & ! skillful advocate1 b also ( ! litigant p>ties !mselves1 or ( ! crafty crim9al4 ,! same rem>k applies also to a sph]e1 app>5tly1 inde$1 relat$ to ! "o la/ m5tion$1 b1 9 fact1 ess5tially diff]5t & widely remote f x4 ,i allude to ! un]r+ tact ( ! exp]i5c$ /atesman1 by :i* he n only p5etrates1 ?r\gh 8 k ( mank9d1 ! political designs ( o!rs1 b is also enabl$ to read ! great ev5ts ( ! _w & _! t5d5cies1 & infallibly to seize ! "r mom5t = action4 ,9 all ^! in/ances 7& _m o!rs might easily be add$7 x is ^u an imm$iate p]ception or feel+ ( :at is "r t ! decision f9ally turns4 ,& ?is fact is almo/ confess$ by su* expressions z a 8p5etrat+ glance10 an 8un]r+ tact10 & _m simil> ones to be f\nd 9 our own & o!r highly cultivat$ languages4 ,su* a judgm5t may1 !re=e1 n inaptly be t]m$ an intellectual feel+2 = x implies ! exi/5ce ( intellect4 ,& ?is n only z an inborn natural tal5t1 = ! special doma9 )9 :i* ! judgm5t is to be ex]cis$1 b1 moreov]1 a c]ta9 developm5t ( ! und]/&+1 /r5g!n$ by long practice1 & confirm$ by v>i$ exp]i5ce 9 ! p>ticul> prov9ce4 ,b /ill1 ) ?is intellectual elem5t !re is inv>iably mix$ a feel+1 or imm$iate p]ception1 ( :at is "r & j4 ,x is ?is1 9 %ort1 t prop]ly decides & makes ! op9ion ultimately express$ to be a judgm5t4 ,on ?is acc\nt ,i c n attribute ! act ( judgm5t exclusively to ! und]/&+1 = ! =m] involves some?+ m ?an ! simple intellection ( a s+le object4 ,x comprises1 at ! same "t1 a rigor\s di/9ction betwe5 two objects1 or a decision betwe5 yes & no4 ,p]haps1 !re=e1 ! be/ & mo/ p]fect explanation ( judgm5t w\ld be to call x an intellig5t feel+ ( a correct discrim9ation1 compris$ & express$1 & also communicat$ to o!rs1 9 a g5]al =m4 ,! la/-m5tion$ quality1 h[ev]1 does n always belong to ! judgm5t1 s9ce x (t5 rema9s m]ely int]nal2 at lea/1 x does n =m an ess5tial or necess>y "p ( x4 ,?us1 !n1 ?is digression 7?\gh1 9 tru?1 x is n prop]ly a digression1 s9ce ! "q conc]n+ ! faculty ( judgm5t1 & ! position x occupies 9 ! :ole s\l1 is ess5tially connect$ ) ! consid]ation ( ! latt]7 has aga9 l$ u back to feel+1 z ! liv+ c5t] ( ! entire consci\sness1 :]e all its extreme t5d5cies conv]ge & reunite4 ,"h x is t ! dull & unpromis+ /ate ( calm1 contemplative indiff]5ce meets toge!r ) ! highe/ excitem5t ( en]getic activity1 ! l[e/ & mo/ insignificant /ates ( consci\sness be+ f\nd !re1 z well z ! mo/ exalt$ & mo/ sublime--! en?usiasm t c>ries all be=e x1 no less ?an ! cle> self-possession 9 ! _s's feel+ ( a disc]nm5t ( tru?1 or1 z ,i call$ ! judgm5t1 an intellig5t p]ception ( :at is "r & j4 ,9 ?is advance ( feel+ 9 ! m9d or _s gei/ig5 up to t height ( self-possession & cle>ness at :i* x receives ! "n ( judgm5t1 ! =m] be>s ! same relation to ! latt] z ! m]e ?\ght1 9 its fir/ vague g5]ality1 does to ! notion :i* ,i h def9$ to be a ?\ght p]fectly divid$ into its organic memb]s1 & ma!matically measur$ bo? inw>dly & outw>dly--bo?1 i4e41 z to ext5t & compreh5sion4 ,n[1 ?is inw>d feel+1 tak5 9 ! full compreh5sive s5se ( ! ^w1 is ! same z :at ,i previ\sly call$ s5se1 :5 ,i spoke ( ! human consci\sness z consi/+ ( _s1 s\l1 & s5se4 ,9 ^! places1 h[ev]1 y w rememb]1 ,i res]v$ to a future opportunity ! fur!r & clos] det]m9ation ( ! relation 9 :i* ?is g5]al s5se /&s to ! o!r two elem5ts ( ! m9d4 ,b inasmu* z ! notion ( s5se always c>ries u back to a special k9d ( s5sation1 limit$ & only op5 to a special sph]e ( objects1 ! expression ( an inw>d feel+ seems f> m /rictly appropriate to ! ?ird elem5t ( ! m9d4 ,= ! t]m feel+1 by its vague g5]ality1 comprises all objects ( consci\sness1 or1 9 o!r words1 all k9ds & species ( a high] s5se4 ,n[1 ?is high] & all-embrac+ int]nal feel+ is ! />t+-po9t f :i* we mu/ set out if we w\ld hope to arrive at ! complete reunion & liv+ co-op]ation :i* m>ks ! consci\sness 9 its orig9al ?reefold /ate4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 ! key-/one ( consummation4 ,x is simply ! f\ndation on :i* all ! re/ mu/ be built1 or x is ! deep f\nta9 out ( :i* ri* n\ri%m5t spr+s up on all sides = ! o!r two elem5ts ( ! m9d1 viz41 ! s\l & ! _s4 ,! latt] two1 9 fact1 con/itute ! :ole ess5ce ( ! inn] man4 ,n[1 s9ce ! _s is an active faculty1 :ile ! s\l1 ?\gh possess$ ( a creative vitality1 is on ! :ole mo/ly passive1 _! undivid$ union & con/ant co-op]ation may1 by way ( figure1 be designat$ z an inn] intellectual union or m>riage 9 ! consci\sness4 ,inde$1 we might n inaptly expla9 man's ess5ce z consi/+ 9 ! _s be+ w$d$ to its s\l1 & 9 ! s\l be+ !reupon clo!d ) an organic body4 ,b1 to pursue ! same metaphor3 ?is m>riage betwe5 _s & s\l is n always a happy & h>moni\s union4 ,:5ev] ! s\l1 drawn (f by e ext]nal impression & attraction1 loses itself 9 ! manifold ways & by-ways ( ! mat]ial _w1 or w&]s to an unsafe di/ance ) fancy1 z %e roams at lib]ty amid ! ?+s ( s5se2 :5ev] ! _s1 tru/+ to its own inh]5t p[]s1 foll[s _! dictates alone1 & recognizes no?+ above1 & disreg>ds all t is )\t1 itself1 !n ?is m>riage is inv>iably di/ract$ by passionate discord & unquiet4 ,"h1 p]haps1 z well z 9 ! ext]nal _w1 ! words apply3 8,:at ,god ha? jo9$ toge!r1 let no man put asund]40 ,a complete & total divorce is inde$ sc>cely conceivable1 su* is ! coh]5ce ( ! liv+ consci\sness4 ,by dea? alone is x possible to be br\ght ab\t1 or p]haps also by t flam+ sword ( ! ,holy ,^w1 :i* x is said pi]ces to ! bone & m>r[1 divid+ s\l & _s4 ,:]e ! fir/ bond ( union 0 giv5 by ,god1 x mu/ be ma9ta9$ & cont9ually /r5g!n$ by recurr+ to ?is supreme c5t]1 if x is to be p]man5t & to look f9ally = p]fection4 ,?is is only possible :]e ! _s recognizes a div9e /&>d above itself1 & :]e1 9 all its ?\ghts1 works1 & de$s1 x acts ^u ?is exalt$ pr9ciple1 & :]e also ! s\l seeks be=e all ?+s ?is et]nal c5t] ( love1 & is ev] rev]t+ to x4 ,9 su* a case bo? s\l & _s are unit$ 9 ,god1 or at lea/ are ev] ye>n+ = su* a union4 ,&1 9 tru?1 no?+ m is requir$ ( man ?an :at has always & e :]e be5 requir$ ( him1 ?\gh1 alas6 ?is requisition has seldom be5 fully realiz$4 ,god1 !n1 is ! key/one :i* holds toge!r ! :ole human consci\sness2 & ?is is ! po9t to :i* our inve/igation has1 /ep by /ep1 be5 lead+ u4 ,& n[ our notion ( ! :ole s*eme & del9eation ( ! human m9d is complete4 ,its g5]al basis & outl9e1 su* z we f9d x )9 ourselves1 is =m$ by ! f\r fundam5tal faculties fir/ describ$1 toge!r ) f\r o!rs ( a l[] & second>y ord]4 ,feel+--i4e41 ! inn] feel+1 compris+ e high] =m !re(1 is its c5t]4 ,x is t by :i* we fir/ are awak5$ to its pres5t exi/5ce1 & also at ! same "t ! po9t at :i* we pass into a high] /ate1 :]e9 its op]ation w be m vivid & its union m h>moni\s4 ,b z to ! ?reefold life ( ! inn] man1 x consi/s 9 _s1 s\l1 & ,god1 z ! ?ird1 9 :om ! fir/ two are unit$1 or at lea/ mu/ seek _! union4 ,9 proportion1 !re=e1 z ?is key-/one is remov$ f ! human m9d1 x falls a prey to discord & ! isolation ( its sev]al p[]s2 nay m1 ! latt] s9k cont9ually l[] & l[]1 & fall f "o dep? ( degradation to ano!r4 ,& :5 occasionally1 z 9 ! might & /r5g? ( g5ius1 !re occurs a prepond]ance ( "s "o faculty1 x ex]cises = ! mo/ "p a de/ructive t5d5cy aga9/ ! h>mony ( ! :ole1 *eck+1 if n suppress+ altoge!r1 ! free developm5ts ( o!r p[]s z necess>y & z ess5tial z itself4 ,,lecture ,,vi4 ,accord+ to t outl9e ( ! human m9d :i* we h j sket*$1 its :ole alphabet1 s to speak1 consi/s b ( twelve lett]s or prim>y elem5ts4 ,^! are =m$ fir/ ( all into ! /em-syllables or radicals ( high] tru? & k1 out ( :i* aga91 9 ! inn] language ( true sci5ce1 entire words & connect$ propositions are con/ruct$4 ,& ^! aga9 mu/ fur!r comb9e into "o univ]sal key & all-embrac+ fundam5tal ^w ( life4 ,9 ?is int]nal alphabet ( ! consci\sness1 h[ev]1 !re is "o po9t on :i* a few words ( fur!r explanation are necess>y to a "r und]/&+4 ,& x is "o ( ! v highe/ consequ5ce1 s9ce x conc]ns ! f9al aim or ev5 ! fir/ f\ndation1 be+ no?+ less ?an ! c5t] ( life & p]fection ( unity4 ,god1 x is said1 mu/ =m ! key-/one 9 ! ar* ( ! :ole consci\sness2 & no o!r real po9t ( union c be f\nd4 ,b n[ ,god is )\t1 or1 r1 above1 ! human m9d4 ,h[1 !n1 are we to designate t by & ?r\gh :i* ?is c5t] ( unity1 :i* we feel & ackn[l$ge to be rais$ f> above u1 is to be seiz$ & reta9$1 s t x may liv+ly op]ate )9 u8 ,i "k no o!r way ( indicat+ x ?an by ! ^w idea--! idea1 viz41 ( ! div9e & ( ! ,div9ity ,himself4 ,z1 !n1 feel+ =ms ! common c5t] ( life = ! l[] & ord9>y consci\sness ( man & its eight elem5t>y faculties1 s x is ?is idea t1 z ! ?ird int]nal pr9ciple1 makes up1 toge!r ) _s & s\l1 ! high] ?reefold liv+ consci\sness4 ,b by ?is idea we mean n a m]ely speculative or ab/ract & dead idea1 b an effectually op]ative & liv+ idea ( a ,god1 :o1 hav+ life 9 ,himself1 is ! s\rce f :i* all life proce$s4 ,9 its outw>d =m1 & z comp>$ ) ! o!r functions ( ! consci\sness or acts ( ! ?9k+ faculty1 ?is idea is a notion4 ,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 x is also a figure or a symbol4 ,= x is only figuratively t t :i* is n s mu* inconceivable1 z r transc5ds conception1 be+ f> above & beyond all possible notions1 c be at all indicat$4 ,x is by symbols alone t su* c be conceiv$ or compreh5d$4 ,inde$1 ! ^w idea1 9 its orig9al ,greek s5se1 alludes to "s k9d ( visible figure & figurative %ape ly+1 z x 71 )9 ! notion itself4 ,all t is highe/ ( e species c only be appreh5d$ by su* a mode ( ?9k+ z is at ! same "t bo? logical & symbolical--9 :i* ! logical ?\ght ( reason & ! symbolical ( imag9ation--! sci5tific1 viz41 or ( t :i* 9 cognition is ! inw>d productive faculty1 are once m 9 unison1 be+ ?or\ghly comb9$ or :olly bl5d$ toge!r4 ,! idea1 h[ev]1 is n m]ely a conception1 :i* is a notion1 & yet1 at ! same "t1 z prop]ly transc5d+ all notion1 a figure or symbol2 b look+ to ! inw>d =m ( ! consci\sness1 r ?an to ! object itself1 x is a conception :i* is also a feel+4 ,inde$1 )\t ! supposition ( ! latt] x c n exi/1 &1 /rictly speak+1 is n ev5 conceivable4 ,t ?is is ! case1 ! foll[+ in/ance w fully %[3 ,h[ c\ld we1 if we wi%$ x1 sugge/ ! idea ( true love1 or make x cle> & compreh5sible to "o :o _h nev] felt any ?+ ( ! k9d1 & 01 9 %ort1 totally incapable ( su* a feel+8 ,prop]ly1 h[ev]1 & 9 sci5tific rigor1 !re is only "o idea truly s call$4 ,& t is ! "o idea ( ! ,godhead4 ,all else t we call ideas1 :e!r 9 ?is high] signification1 or 9 a k9dr$ & simil> s5se--l ! innate ideas1 )\t numb]1 ( :i* ! ,platonic philosophy speaks1 or t idea ( true love :i* ,i lately allud$ to 7hav+ previ\sly made frequ5t use ( su* expressions1 & int5d+ to d s aga9 :5ev] !y appe> calculat$ to lead to accuracy ( di/9ction or vividness ( indication7--all su* c only be call$ ideas 9 a c]ta9 s5se & analogy4 ,su* a mode ( spee*1 h[ev]1 is all[able :5ev] we are treat+ ( su* notions & conceptions z /& 9 any relation to ! high] & div9e4 ,=1 contemplat$ f ?is spiritual c5t] ( ! div9e idea1 !y %9e 9 a new light4 ,be+ purifi$ 9 its flame1 !y seem to be elevat$ & br\ght _m degrees ne>] to ?is "o supreme idea ( ! liv+ ,god1 9 all ,8 p]fection & beauty4 ,9 all its fullness & complet5ess1 h[ev]1 ?is idea c n truly be said to be innate 9 ! human m9d4 ,at mo/ !re are !re only ! elem5ts ( x1 viz41 ! remembrance ( et]nal love 7:i* ,plato's doctr9e ( ! anamnesis1 :5 purifi$1 am\nts to71 ! inf9ite long+1 ! voice ( consci5ce2 & !n1 complet+ ! numb]1 z ! f\r? elem5t1 comes ! g5u9e & exalt$ en?usiasm = art & natural beauty4 ,all ^! high] elem5ts1 h[ev]1 ( ! div9e 9 man1 =m b a weak e*o ( ! :ole4 ,!y are1 z x 71 b s _m fa9t dy+ notes1 or ! fir/ infant9e lisp+s ( ?is "o div9e idea1 :i* 9 its full =ce & brightness mu/ be giv51 imp>t$1 & reveal$2 :ile t :i* is ?us giv5 & exp]i5c$1 & inde$ p]sonally exp]i5c$1 c only be embrac$1 und]/ood1 & reta9$ by fai? ?r\gh love4 ,he :o has nev] _h any feel+ or exp]i5ce ( ,god1 :o is a /rang] to love1 & incapable ( fai? ( any k9d1 to su* a "o1 s long z he rema9s 9 ?is /ate1 x w\ld be lo/ labor to speak ( ,god1 or ( ! div9e idea1 ) all t fl[s imm$iately f x4 ,?is idea may inde$ exi/ z a rational notion necess>ily emanat+ f our own cogitations4 ,b 9 ?is =m1 z ! creature ( our own conception1 b n z a giv5 & reveal$1 x is little bett] ?an ! fix$ reflection ( ourselves--! objective projection ( our own ,me4 ,= su* 9 all purely rational sy/ems x ev] is--empti$ & utt]ly void ( all effectual liv+ p[]1 & ( all tru? & reality4 ,b :5 ! idea ( ,god has be5 receiv$ by a high] exp]i5ce 7& ?us only c x be vitally imp>t$71 !n may we 9 tru? call x div9e4 ,= x is no long] ! b>r51 unfruitful idea t x is 9 all o!r cases1 b x conta9s 9 itself an effectual liv+ & life-giv+ en]gy4 ,! fundam5tal elem5ts ( ! human consci\sness are1 !n1 twelve 9 numb]4 ,! fir/ univ]sal basis is =m$ by ! eight special faculties1 ) love z _! liv+ c5t]4 ,to ^! mu/ be add$ ! ?ree pr9ciples ( ! high] inw>d life--s\l1 _s1 & ! idea ( ! div9e--su* z we h accurately def9$ & *>act]iz$ x4 ,^! toge!r ,i h call$ ! alphabet ( ! consci\sness4 ,& ?is alphabet1 l a fix$ & e/abli%$ logical notion1 ,i %all h5ce=? adopt 9 ?is precise %ape & numb]1 mak+ x1 )\t any ess5tial v>iation1 ! basis ( my subsequ5t rem>ks4 ,x is1 no d\bt1 ( great advantage1 & ev5 necess>y = ! elucidation ( any matt]1 rigor\sly to sep>ate ! sev]al elem5ts ( ! g5]al notion1 duly arrang+ !m1 & accurately pres]v+ _! numb]4 ,/ill we may be ov]anxi\s 9 ?is respect4 ,&1 inde$1 language itself is n always v precise 9 its designations2 & ! diff]5t dialects ( human spee*1 ) _! fluctuat+ phraseology1 (t5 assign a diff]5t rank & position to ! p>ts ( ! same :ole4 ,mu*1 = in/ance is set d[n z an indep5d5t faculty1 :i*1 m correctly reg>d$1 is b a /ate--or ev5 only a passage f "o /ate into ano!r--or x may be m]ely a natural tal5t2 or1 p]haps1 "s su* happy co9cid5ce & h>moni\s co-op]ation ( sev]al p[]s ( ! s\l z con/itutes true g5ius4 ,an in/ance ( ?is k9d gave rise to t "q :i* s lately engag$ our att5tion1 :e!r ! judgm5t is rightly to be consid]$ a special faculty2 &1 if n1 h[ is x 9 /rictness ( tru? to be designat$8 ,& 9 a simil> respect1 ,i n[ f9d occasion to say a few words on wit1 z be+ ne>ly relat$ to judgm5t 7if ! latt] be1 z ,i h expla9$ x1 an intellig5t feel+71 & z hold+ an int]m$iate position betwe5 judgm5t & g5ius4 ,= n[ we h giv5 a complete sket* 9 outl9e ( ! :ole consci\sness1 x is desirable to fill 91 z completely z possible1 all ! less] & nic] features4 ,9 o!r words1 x is exp$i5t to assign _! prop] place 9 ! entire consci\sness to ^? prop]ties ( s\l & _s :i* are n s mu* simple or fir/ pr9ciples z complex ph5om5a ( a second>y ord]1 & comp\nd$ ( sev]al di/9ct elem5ts4 ,n[ wit1 l judgm5t1 is an intellig5t feel+1 m>k$1 h[ev]1 ) ! qualities ( imm$iat5ess & p]t95cy4 ,b x is n1 l ! judgm5t1 associat$ always ) a special k & insight4 ,on ! contr>y1 wit (t5 arises f a c]ta9 nave ignorance ( ! entire prov9ce to :i* belongs ! object on :i* x ex]cises itself4 ,we might almo/ say t ! disposition to wit consi/s 9 a univ]sally intellig5t feel+1 = its quickness ( p]ception is conf9$ to no p>ticul> dep>tm5t ( life1 b ex]cises itself on life 9 g5]al1 & f9ds !re9 its prop] ar5a4 ,b ?is describes r ! notion ( :at is commonly call$ 8s\nd s5se10 or 8natural intellig5ce10 :i*1 9 itself1 is n wit1 & is (t5 f\nd exi/+ totally unaccompani$ ) ! latt]4 ,nev]!less1 ?is at lea/ is manife/1 t if an individual be said to be entirely devoid ( judgm5t--:i* is ne>ly ! same z say+ t he possesses no intellig5t feel+ 9 any species or =m--x w\ld be 9 va9 9 su* a p]son to look = mu*1 if any1 wit4 ,t1 moreov]1 :i* =ms ! *ief *>act]i/ic ( wit1 & ess5tially di/+ui%es x f judgm5t1 is its unconsci\sness4 ,on ?is v acc\nt *ildr5 ev51 if !y be at all lively1 are (t5 witty4 ,&1 inde$1 ?is *ildi% wit =ms1 p]haps1 "o ( ! mo/ graceful ( its _m =ms & k9ds4 ,to prove h[ greatly ?is *ildi% wit dep5ds on its v unconsci\sness1 we may appeal to a fact1 :i*1 moreov]1 w tea* u at ! same "t n to lay too mu* /ress on ! fact1 if *ildr51 ev5 at an e>ly age1 appe> v clev] & witty4 ,x is no unfrequ5t obs]vation t :5 *ildr51 by ! developm5t ( _! und]/&+s1 atta9 to great] cle>ness ( consci\sness1 _! wit sudd5ly ceases1 & _! "* assumes a t\* ( dry1 solemn1 b /ill *ildi% e>ne/ness4 ,t g5ial unconsci\sness :i* ev] rema9s ! prop]ty ( true wit1 bo? ( social conv]sation & ( poetry1 at once =ms & atte/s its aff9ity ) g5ius4 ,b1 /ill1 wit alone is n a complete creative p[]4 ,by itself x r>ely gives bir? to aught4 ,x is b a s+le elem5t1 :i* is add$ z ! la/ f9i%+ grace to all ! creative productions ( fancy1 & to e o!r "w 9 :i* a f]tile & orig9al m9d gives utt]ance to its ?\ghts4 ,on ?is acc\nt x manife/s itself 9 ! mo/ v>i$ & opposite =ms4 ,x is n limit$ to social conv]sation1 or to art & poetry1 b ev5 9 philosophy--& ! ,socratic especially--assumes a peculi> & important place z ! ess5tial +r$i5t ( irony4 ,n[ ! v>iety ( =ms 9 :i* wit s ri*ly displays itself is a fur!r po9t ( resemblance betwe5 x & judgm5t4 ,/ill ?is common prop]ty has a diff]5t cause 9 ea*4 ,! imm$iate judgm5t1 or intellig5t feel+1 pres5ts s great a v>iety ( =ms1 because ! human m9d is n equally conv]sant 9 e prov9ce ( ?\ght1 be+ g5]ally famili> ) "s "o 9 p>ticul>4 ,b 9 ! case ( wit1 x is its v v]satility1 by :i* x suits itself to & ins9uates itself 9 e object ( intellectual att5tion1 t is ! s\rce ( its manifold div]sity4 ,b t x w\ld c>ry u f> beyond our pres5t limits1 x w\ld be highly in/ructive 9 a sci5tific po9t ( view to take a survey ( all ! sev]al =ms 9 :i* ?is m5tal quality gu%es =? 9 all ! ri* fullness ( g5ius4 ,b n[1 s9ce our exposition ( ! human m9d has be5 hi!rto c>ri$ on by means ( a p>allelism ) ! idea ( language1 x w n be out ( place to make a few rem>ks "h on ! real alphabet1 or ! elem5t>y lett]s ( diff]5t languages1 z be>+ a relation to :at we h call$ ! alphabet ( ! consci\sness4 ,= ! =m] pres5ts m ?an "o rem>kable analogy ) ! high] pr9ciple ( ! inw>d life1 & its :ole organic framework4 ,prop]ly1 syllables1 & n lett]s1 =m ! basis ( language4 ,!y are its liv+ roots1 or *ief /em & trunk1 out ( :i* all else %oots & gr[s4 ,! lett]s1 9 fact1 h no exi/5ce1 except z ! results ( a m9ute analysis2 = _m ( !m are difficult1 if n impossible1 to pron\nce4 ,syllables1 on ! contr>y1 m or less simple1 or ! complex composites ( few] or m lett]s1 are ! prim>y & orig9al data ( language4 ,= ! syn!tical is 9 e case ant]ior to ! elem5ts into :i* x admits ( resolution4 ,! lett]s1 !re=e1 fir/ arise out ( ! *emical decomposition ( ! syllables4 ,b ! results ( ?is analytical process are v diff]5t 9 diff]5t languages1 z is prov$ by ! diff]5ce ( results 9 ! v>iety ( alphabets4 ,:ile 9 our own we reckon f\r-&-tw5ty lett]s1 9 _m o!rs ! numb] is f> great]4 ,9 ^? ori5tal languages ne>e/ ak9 to our own1 !y am\nt to m ?an ?irty2 :ile ! ,indian family c\nts z _m z fifty4 ,x =ms no easy problem to indicate mo/ ( ^! by our ,european *>act]s2 & to pron\nce !m requires ! organs ( spee* to be m ?an ord9>ily flexible4 ,on ! o!r h&1 pr(\nd & philosophical inquires into language1 by reject+ all m]e modifications ( h>%ness or s(tness 9 ! same s\nd1 & :atev] is manife/ly a m]e v>iation ( ! same lett]1 or a m]e comp\nd ( simpl] tones1 h r$uc$ ! :ole alphabet to t5 prim>y elem5ts4 ,accord+ to ?is sy/em1 :i* has n be5 e/abli%$ )\t great acut5ess1 s mu* at lea/ is evid5t1 t prop]ly !re are b ?ree v[els1#gj in/ead ( five1 z we usually c\nt !m1 ! ,e be+ a s(t5$ ,i1 & ,u a dead5$ or fa9t ,o4 ,! diph?ongs1 & o!r tones int]m$iate betwe5 ! simple v[els1 9 :i* ! ,g]man is s ri*1 are evid5tly to be consid]$ b z s _m musical transitions f "o to ! o!r4 ,we may "h appeal to ! ,hebrew1 z be+ 9 its sy/em ( lett]s1 not)/&+ its o!r anci5t ori5tal features1 highly simple & pr(\ndly significant & coh]5t4#ga ,its two-&-tw5ty *>act]s may be divid$ into two ord]s4 ,! fir/ & high]1 z ,i w\ld t]m x1 conta9s ! ?ree v[els1 ! aspirates 7( :i* m by & by71 & !n ! simple/ & s(te/ 7!y might almo/ be call$ ! *ild's7 consonants1 ,b1 ,d1 ,g4 ,! twelve lett]s ( ! second conta9 all ! o!r gross]1 m corporeally-s\nd+ consonants4 ,usually1 inde$1 all lett]s1 & especially consonants1 are class$ into labials1 l+uals1 & d5tals1 accord+ to ! organs pr9cipally employ$ 9 _! utt]ance1 di/+ui%+1 on ! same pr9ciple1 c]ta9 nasals & gutturals4 ,b h[ev] correct ?is classification may be 9 an anatomical po9t ( view1 & physiologically consid]$1 /ill1 = t p>allel1 :i* is gr\nd$ 9 nature itself1 betwe5 spee* & ?\ght1 & = ! analogy :i* subsi/s betwe5 man's inw>d & outw>d language1 x is bo? unsatisfactory & un9/ructive4 ,= x looks exclusively to a s+le aspect4 ,! ord9>y grammatical division also ( lett]s into v[els & consonants1 is at lea/ incomplete4 ,x w\ld be f> m correct to associate ) !m a ?ird class ( aspirates4 ,= ! latt] may be di/+ui%$ f ! =m] by _m a *>act]i/ic prop]ty1 ev5 ?\gh !y are indicat$ by signs :i* resemble ^? ( ! o!r class & (t5 pass into & may be resolv$ into !m4 ,9 ! v>i\s alphabetical sy/ems ! aspirates /& out mo/ individually4 ,!y assume ! mo/ div]sifi$ =ms1 ev5 9 _! mode ( notation1 & x w\ld almo/ seem z if ! e!real brea?+ :i* floats ar\nd !m refus$ to be corporeally fix$ & conf9$ ) z mu* eas9ess z ! o!r elem5ts ( language4 ,9 "s languages1 z ! ,greek1 = in/ance1 accord+ to ! extant sy/em1 :i* belongs n to ! e>lie/ p]iod ( its developm5t1 ! pr9cipal aspiration is n d5ot$ by a lett]1 b is indicat$ 9 ! same way z an acc5t4 ,9 ! ori5tal1 &1 g5]ally1 9 all anci5t languages1 ! aspirates1 accord+ to ! diff]5t =ms into :i* !y ent]1 hold a v important place4 ,x almo/ seems t ! m aspirat$ a language is1 ! ne>] x is to its orig9al /ate4 ,x is also rem>kable1 t :]ev] ?is elem5t appe>s 9 undim9i%$ vigor1 x gives to ! :ole language a "* ( antiquity & gr&eur1 & l5ds to x a p]vad+ tone ( spiritual gravity1 su* z has be5 obs]v$ 9 ! ,arabic1 & prevails also 9 a high degree 9 ! ,spani%2 ?\gh1 inde$1 an undue preval5ce ( ?is high & solemn note1 unreliev$ by o!rs1 is apt to deg5]ate into monotony4 ,9 our own ,g]man ! aspirates 7 orig9ally f> m num]\s ?an !y are at pres5t4 ,&1 g5]ally1 ! m a language is s(t5$ d[n & ref9$ by daily use & conv]sation1 ! m x loses ?is impress ( antiquity4 ,& x ev5 happ5s ) "s1 z ) ! ,fr5*1 = in/ance1 t ! aspirates cease to be articulat$1 ev5 ?\gh !y are /ill m>k$4 ,n[1 :ile ! aspirates =m ! spiritual elem5t 9 ! :ole sy/em ( elem5t>y s\nds1 9 ! v[els1 on ! o!r h&1 pr$om9ates ! s\l-full voice ( song4 ,^!1 9 %ort1 =m ! musical ens\l+ pr9ciple ( language4 ,! less a language is ov]lad5 ) consonants1 & ! m fully ! simple v[els s\nd out1 ! bett] adapt$ is x = music & songs4 ,! consonants1 on ! o!r h&1 :i* only 9 "p imitate s\nd1 make up ! mat]ial elem5t ( language4 ,!y are1 no d\bt1 necess>y to ! ri*ness ( a language1 & its v>iety ( expression2 nev]!less1 :5 !y greatly pr$om9ate1 !y r5d] x corporeal & heavy4 ,n[ ?is rem>kable analogy betwe5 ?is division ( ! alphabet into aspirates1 v[els1 & consonants1 & ! triple pr9ciple ( human life & op]ation1 z consi/+ ( _s1 ( s\l1 & ( body1 or ( bodily ext]ior1 ,i c\ld n b notice 9 pass+1 & ?r[ out z di/9ctly z possible4 ,b n[ ?is analogy & p>allel betwe5 spee* & consci\sness pres5ts ano!r view ( ! matt]1 :i* x appe>s desirable to consid]4 ,9 ! alphabet ( ! human consci\sness1 :i* furni%es ! sev]al elem5ts out ( :i* syllables & !n words are fram$1 :i* aga9 =m ! fir/ elem5ts ( all man's high] k1 ,i w\ld pre-em95tly consid] z its v[els ^? et]nal feel+s ( ! ,godlike :i* h _! f\ndation 9 ! v nature ( man4 ,n[ x is usual to designate ^! fundam5tal feel+s ( man z fai?1 hope1 & love 7*>ity74 ,b1 h[ev] cu/om>y x may be to class ! ?ree toge!r1 ! intr9sic connection betwe5 !m is n easily po9t$ out4 ,& yet1 p]haps1 if we h rec\rse to ano!r analogy ) ! visible _w1 x w help u to trace ?is bond ( union4 ,?is me?od w probably be bo? easi] & simpl] ?an a direct refutation ( errone\s views on ! subject1 or any critical enum]ation ( elem5ts :i* 9 ! psy*ological appreh5sion are incorrectly associat$ ) !m4 ,n[1 ^! ?ree feel+s or prop]ties1 or /ates ( ! consci\sness1 may be reg>d$ z s _m organs = ! cognition or ! p]ception1 or1 if ! t]m be pref]r$1 = ! sugge/ion ( ! div9e4 ,9 ?is respect1 !n1 & relatively to _! diff]5t modes ( appreh5sion1 we may comp>e !m ) ! ext]nal s5ses & _! organs4 ,?us love1 9 its fir/ s\l-excit+ contact1 abid+ attraction1 & f9ally complete union1 /rik+ly corresponds to ! ext]nal s5se ( feel+4 ,fai? is ! inn] e> ( ! _s :i* is op5 to1 cat*es up1 & reta9s ! imp>t$ ^w ( a high] revelation4 ,hope1 h[ev]1 is ! eye1 ^: cle> vision disc]ns1 ev5 9 ! remote di/ance1 ! objects ( its pr(\nd & ard5t long+4 ,! latt] br+s u to a ?or\ghly vivid idea 7or1 r1 presupposes ! exi/5ce7 ( fai?1 accord+ to :i* x is no arbitr>y & artificial idea1 b "o real ?r\gh\t & vital4 ,al?\gh intellig5t & spiritual1 x is /ill a feel+1 & ultimately re/s also on a feel+1 t1 viz41 ( love1 out ( :i*1 z its root & f\ndation1 x arises4 ,inde$1 fai? is no?+ else ?an love1 ?r\gh a pure w1 ma9ta9$ ) consi/5cy ( "*2 & ?is applies to x ev5 9 its nobl] relations among human ?+s1 & does n apply to x m]ely 9 a high] & div9e ref]5ce4 ,9 ! la/ age 7if x be n also 9 ! pres5t71 ! notion ( fai? 0 tak5 9 a v diff]5t s5se1 & ! phraseology aris+ f t view is1 9 "p1 at lea/1 /ill preval5t4 ,on ?is acc\nt a few explanatory words are necess>y = ! sake ( caution & di/9ction4 ,! foll[+ is ! hi/orical occasion or sci5tific orig9 ( ?is o!r notion ( fai?4 ,at a late p]iod ( s-call$ enlight5m5t1 9 ! mid/ ( :i*1 h[ev]1 _m grave misconceptions prevail$1 reason 0 set up z ! sole au?ority4 ,z ! highe/ & greate/ ( man's end[m5ts1 x 0 almo/ deifi$1 :atev] did n appe> at once & easily explicable by reason1 be+ =?) & indiscrim9ately pron\nc$ a prejudice1 &1 z su*1 to be got rid ( ) all dilig5ce4 ,9 ?is /ate ( ?+s1 mod]n ,g]man philosophy comm5c$ its c>e] ) attempt+ to %[ t ?is sov]eign reason1 :i* _h set itself =? z ! fir/ & highe/ 9 man1 is extremely defective1 & comes f> %ort ( ! requisitions bo? ( sci5ce & life4 ,! position 0 hone/ly & e>ne/ly ma9ta9$1 & ! pro( work$ out ) tol]able complet5ess4 ,subsequ5tly1 h[ev]1 its validity has be5 que/ion$1 or only admitt$ "u _m limitations & qualifications4 ,b ev5 ?is modifi$ praise c n be be/[$ on ! sci5tific rem$y ) :i* m5 hop$ to supply ! defects ( reason1 & to cure ! old & univ]sal evils ( rationalism4 ,=1 9 fact1 ! me?od by :i* !y s\ght to get rid ( ?is great & manife/ defici5cy 0 simply by sudd5ly op5+ an unlimit$ cr$it = ! reason1 :i* go+ beyond all actual ne$1 & bas$ ei!r on arbitr>y assumption1 or a confid+ g5]osity1 %\ld be suffici5t = all em]g5cies4 ,b ?is exp$i5t1 9 ! exi/+ /ate & panic ( ! rational m>ket1 c\ld n remove ! evil2 x only exagg]at$ x4 ,9 a ^w1 x 0 ! same old reason :i* 7its claim to sup]s5sible honors hav+ be5 reject$7 _h be5 j ?ru/ out ( ! temple ( sci5ce by ! front entrance1 t1 "u ! disguise ( fai?1 0 n[ be+ smuggl$ 9 by ! po/]n4 ,x 0 b a m]e arbitr>y sub/itute = reason t _h assum$ ?is new "n4 ,n[ su* a fai? z ?is requires to be c>efully di/+ui%$ f t liv+ fai? :i* spr+s f & is f\nd$ on love4 ,= ?is purpose ,i h attempt$ to %[1 f ! v outset1 ! great diff]5ce betwe5 ! two4 ,n[1 if occasionally ,i h felt myself call$ ^u to set b\nds to & to prote/ aga9/ ! illimitable requirem5ts & assumptions ( reason 9 sci5ce1 my rem>ks h be5 direct$1 n aga9/ reason itself1 b *iefly aga9/ t absolut5ess ) :i* x pret5ds to reign p>am\nt4 ,9 our ,g]man tongue--& s9ce ! comp>ative p>allel ( ?\ght & language is a "p ( ! g5]al plan ( our pres5t exposition1 ?is trifl+ b n insignificant philological rem>k w n "h be inappropriate--9 our v]nacul> tongue1 ! close limitation ( ! ?+ is furni%$ by ! t]m itself4 ,= z und]/&+ ,v]/& comes f ! v]b to und]/& v]/eh51 & implies ! exi/5ce ( an object :i* /&s be=e ! m9d1 to be p5etrat$ & se>*$ ?r\gh by x1 s reason ,v]nunft implies a ,v]nehm51 a p]ception or appreh5sion1 & is itself no?+ else ?an ! organ ( spiritual p]ception1 :i* is ?reefold3 #a/1 ( a high] law & rule above u & giv5 to u2 #b;d1 ( ! inw>d voice ( consci5ce & ! pure self-consci\sness )9 u2 &1 #c;d1 ( o!r rational ?\ght ar\nd & beside itself4 ,n[ x is only aga9/ t reason :i* is unwill+ to p]ceive any ?+1 or1 at lea/1 any ?+ beside or above itself1 t all my objections are direct$4 ,= :5 ! reason refuses to ackn[l$ge aught above itself1 b absolutely rejects x1 !n w x e/imate b little :atev] is beside itself4 ,at any rate x w nev] be em95tly successful 9 its attempts to compreh5d or und]/& x4 ,9 ?is case1 x w cont9ually make ! greate/ mi/akes & blund]s 9 its views & conceptions ( t ev5 :i* x really f9ds & p]ceives1 or at lea/ believes to discov] )9 itself4 ,reason1 9 itself1 & 9 its due limits1 is1 inde$1 b "o ( man's v>i\s fundam5tal p[]s2 /ill1 9 ! pres5t /ate ( 8 divid$ & discordant consci\sness1 x is a highly ess5tial faculty4 ,l all ! o!rs1 consequ5tly1 :i* sev]ally d b pres5t s _m diff]5t aspects ( man's ext]nal & int]nal life1 reason1 :5 x ov]/eps its due limits1 is liable to great1 nay1 ! greate/ ( ab]rations4 ,b x might "h be ask$1 are n ! possible ab]rations ( fancy /ill m dang]\s8 ,we mu/ answ]1 ,)\t d\bt !y are2 & ?is is ! only answ] we c give to ! "q put ?us g5]ally4 ,b 9 ! special ref]5ce to our own age1 !re is f> great] & m frequ5t occasion to call att5tion at pres5t to ! evils produc$ by ! errors ( reason1 ?an to w>n m5 anxi\sly aga9/ ! possible abuses ( fancy4 ,& ?is = ! simple fact1 t ( all ! p[]s ( ! human m9d1 :i*1 :5 isolat$1 are1 m or less1 de/ructive 9 _! action1 reason has1 9 ! lat] ages1 & 9 our times1 especially1 be5 decid$ly pr$om9ant4 ,consequ5tly1 we h on all sides be=e our eyes obvi\s & in/ructive examples ( ! mazes & abyss ( error1 fatal no less to sci5ce ?an to morals1 into :i* reason n only falls h]self1 b hurries all t come )9 h] influ5ce1 :51 hav+ once />t$ f a false position1 %e has foll[$ out ?is wrong t5d5cy ) full rigor ( consequ5ce4 ,we see 9 x ! cause ( all ! cata/rophes ( ! age1 & ! fe>ful /ruggle ( p>ty4 ,! dang]s :i* might arise f ! exclusive asc5d5cy ( fancy are1 9 our g5]ation1 less likely to be g5]al1 & !y are less ?reat5+1 less urg5t4 ,& ! explanation ( ?is fact is equally simple4 ,! occurr5ce ( l(ty & g5ius-gift$ p[]s ( imag9ation is extremely r>e2 &1 at any rate1 _m in/ances are seldom met ) at "o & ! same "t4 ,"h1 !re=e1 x is (t5 a false al>m2 ! ?reat5+ cl\ds quickly disp]se1 ! blue heav5s aga9 %9e =?1 & ! wide horizon ( ! all-spann+ reason once m becomes bright1 & ev5 cle>] ?an we _h ev] kn[n x be=e4 ,& if occasionally an ov]abundance ( g5ius-gift$ p[] does manife/ itself 9 ! doma9 ( fancy1 ! g5]al effect t results f x is1 at mo/1 a recognition ( its excell5ce1 :i*1 h[ev]1 only sl[ly & ) difficulty ga9s possession ( m5's m9ds4 ,?is feel+ may1 no d\bt1 sometimes am\nt to a pr(\nd admiration1 ^: language1 sp>kl+ ) ! exquisite ornam5ts & fl[]y tropes ( exagg]ation1 may seem to bord] closely on a deification ( its object2 /ill ?is feel+1 h[ev] great & univ]sal x may appe>1 is v f> f t height ( en?usiasm :i* :olly engrosses & c>ries ! m9d along ) x4 ,inde$1 = ! mo/ "p1 x c>efully avoids & keeps alo( f su* a /ate4 ,9 %ort1 h[ev] mu* any p>ticul> age may admire or ev5 wor%ip great p[]s ( g5ius or art1 x is v r>ely inde$1 if ev]1 c>ri$ away by its p>tial & errone\s t5d5cies1 or its arbitr>y & qua9t peculi>ities4 ,at lea/1 ! same p>ty zeal is n to be witness$ "h t divides bo? sci5ce & life betwe5 ! rival sy/ems ( absolute reason4 ,h[ev]1 ! consid]ation ( ! prejudicial effects ( ! despotic asc5d5cy ( ! reason has1 almo/ ( necessity1 br\ght be=e u ! some:at connect$ topic ( ! h9d]ances :i* art may occasion to ! pursuit ( ! highe/ tru? & c]ta9ty4 ,we w1 !re=e1 n[ exam9e ! evils :i* arise :5ev] art1 z ! executive p[] 9 ! region ( fancy1 usurps an undue au?ority ov] ! re/ ( ! consci\sness1 & :51 9 its judgm5t ( ?+s1 tak+ an undue position 9 "s m]ely poetical or arti/ic view1 x assumes a reality t belongs n to x1 & dreams ( f9d+ 9 itself ! f9al cause & firm basis ( all exi/5ce4 ,= ! "r exposition ( t notion ( fai?1 hope1 & love1 :i* we made ! f\ndation ( ! k ( all high] tru?1 x 01 above all ?+s1 necess>y t we %\ld c>efully & accurately discrim9ate betwe5 ! true liv+ fai? :i* is gr\nd$ on & spr+s out ( love1 & t spuri\s fai? :i* reason arbitr>ily devises to cov] its own weakness & defici5cies4 ,9 ! same way x rema9s = u to po9t out ! true end ( hope1 e/abli%+ ! int]nal f\ndation ( its idea1 & mak+ out1 at ! same "t1 its intimate relation to art1 z x arises f its connection !re) & ) "t4 ,n[1 z all high hope /&s 9 close union ) man's inmo/ "*1 & =ms a pr9cipal elem5t ( 8 be+1 8 :ole life & activity be+ bas$ on hope1 s likewise 9 art--s fai?ful a mirror is x ( human nature--man's holie/ hopes =m ! *ief aim & ! animat+ s\l ( its repres5tations4 ,a p]fectly fai?ful1 ?\gh arti/ically express$1 imitation ( a love high] ?an any actual manife/ation ( ! feel+ 7( :atev] nature x be71 may simply1 ( itself1 con/itute a "w ( art1 &1 inde$1 is its natural object-matt]4 ,b /ill1 isolat$ & by itself1 x w\ld furni% b a fragm5t>y feel+ = ! fancy1 )\t a true beg9n+1 & )\t end or aim1 or prop] conclusion4 ,fai? is b1 z x 71 a /raight l9e--! rule ( s5tim5t = ?is life1 ( expectation = ! o!r4 ,b n[1 9 ! m9d ( man1 above e actual love & e def9ite fai?1 !re is a sup]abundance--if we may s speak--( feel+s1 ?\ghtfully =eca/+1 ard5tly lov+1 & hop+1 ev5 beyond hope itself--( ?\ghts1 dream+1 at lea/1 ( a high] tru? ?an is to be met ) on e>?4 ,& ?is div9e sup]abundance 9 ! human s\l1 if ,i may be all[$ ?is bold expression1 is prop]ly ! sublime matt]1 ! invisible object & spiritual ess5ce ( true art & poetry4 ,n t ?is inn] s\l1 ?is vital brea? ( high art & poetry1 mu/1 ev5 9 ! outw>d =m1 inv>iably express itself 7z x does 9 music g5]ally7 z a feel+ ( long+4 ,nei!r mu/ x 9 its def9ite direction to ! future1 always manife/ itself ext]nally 9 ! =m ( hope2 &1 consequ5tly1 speak only 9 lyrical /ra9s1 z ! music ( en?usiasm4 ,su* a limitation w\ld1 inde$1 h a mo/ monoton\s effect4 ,on ! contr>y1 ev5 9 a highly-f9i%$ picture ( "s actual & pres5t sc5e1 ?is idea ( hope1 z ! s\l :i* animates ! :ole1 may be pres5t1 & l an invisible ?read ( high] life1 be int]wov5 9 x4 ,& ?is envelopm5t1 or1 r1 ?is veil$ manife/ation & indirect revelation ( _s1 is (t5 to be f\nd1 n only 9 creations :i* are p]man5tly arti/ic1 b also 9 ^? t are pr(\ndly poetical & en?usia/ic4 ,ev5 ! sorr[ful remembrance ( a by-gone =etime ( infant9e innoc5ce1 & ( sublime gr&eur1 is prop]ly no?+ b a reflection ( ?is div9e hope1 &1 9 a free & compreh5sive s5se1 :i* ?us comb9es poetry & art1 may be ev5 c\nt$ z a "p ( x4 ,& if anci5t art & anci5t poetry especially1 ) _! m\rnful back-glances at ! old5 maje/y long pa/ & gone1 come ov] u ) emotions some?+ l ^? ( ev5tide1 :5 ! la/ p>t+ gleam ( ! brilliant sun is fa/ sett+ beh9d ! di/ant hills1 s 9 _! opposite aspect1 z hope1 turn+ its bold1 en?usia/ic eye t[>d ! future1 !y may smile ^u u z ! rosy dawn :i* runs be=e ! ris+ sun ( tru?1 & t new "t :i* is to %9e & gl[ 9 its beams--or z ! fir/ beautiful ray ( en?usia/ic promise4 ,su*1 9 all probability1 seems ! position mo/ suitable to art 9 our own days4 ,n[1 ) respect to ?is peculi> position ( art relatively to hope1 & _! intimate aff9ity1 & _! relation to ! pres5t age & to ! two o!r elem5ts ( ! h>monic scale ( human life1 viz41 love & fai?1 ! frequ5t & expressive s5tim5t ( a poet ^: intimate fri5d%ip x is my privilege to enjoy1 w convey mo/ =cibly ! conclusion :i* ,i w\ld wi% to en=ce ^u y\r m9ds4 ,al?\gh 8 rem>k ) reg>d to ! h>mony & union :i* ought to prevail betwe5 ! true elem5ts ( high] feel+ 0 address$ prim>ily to ! pres5t g5]ation1 x admits ( application to e age4 ,he asks-- 8,! age has nei!r fai? nor love2 ,h[1 !n1 = su* %\ld hope rema980#gb ,?is voice fir/ s\nd$ =? 9 fateful days1 :5 dang] & al>m 7 s in/ant & ?reat5+ z almo/ to cut (f & ext+ui% hope2 b ! /orm s d>k & m5ac+ pass$ away4 ,a new prospect has s9ce op5$ ^u u1 & all is *ang$4 ,z a j e/imate ( our own times1 h[ev]1 x appe>s to me1 9 its pres5t unqualifi$ =m1 too sweep+ & sev]e4 ,! age is n s entirely )\t hope z ! poet "h ass]ts4 ,no d\bt we h be5 some:at lukew>m1 incon/ant1 & un/eady 9 ?is respect4 ,or1 m correctly to express ! real /ate ( ! case3 9 itself & 9 t fai? 9 itself :i*1 z x 0 ov]ha/ily embrac$1 0 set up )\t limit or condition1 & g5]ally 9 all fai?1 f its highe/ degree d[n to t l[e/ grade ( x :i* moves )9 ! ord9>y pursuits & relations ( life1 x has be5 some:at confus$ & w&]+2 nay1 at times x has prov$ some:at =getful1 n only ( ! old & transitory1 b also ( :at is mod]n1 & ev5 :at 0 mo/ rec5t & )9 its own exp]i5ce4 ,accord+ly1 to ! eye ( ! obs]v]1 x appe>s1 on ! :ole1 to be devoid ( all rul+ pr9ciple1 & to be /ill 9 se>* ( "s regulative /&>d )9 itself4 ,if1 9 ?is se>* aft] fai?1 "s few h tak5 up too quickly1 & re/$ satisfi$ ) t arbitr>y exp$i5t & device ( a falt]+ & meag] reason1 ?is 01 no d\bt1 a symptom ( a p>tially sickly /ate1 b by no means su* z to ju/ify u 9 pass+ a sweep+ s5t5ce on ! :ole age1 z totally uns\nd & diseas$4 ,= 9 all human affairs & relations1 su* a pr(\nd long+ z ?is1 :5 x is la/+1 & g5]ally :5ev] x does n proce$ solely & entirely f "s want or defect1 inv>iably presupposes "s natural disposition & capacity1 ?\gh x may be "o :i* is nei!r rightly cultivat$1 nor z yet exp&$ to full vigor & /ability4 ,& z little1 or r /ill less1 w\ld x be j to d5y to ! age all love--if1 at lea/1 an en?usiasm :i* readily & *e]fully makes ! greate/ sacrifices be a "p ( love4 ,consequ5tly1 ,i c n concur ) ! op9ion :i* w n conc$e to ! age 9 :i* we live ! lea/ sp>k ( hope4 ,ev5 ?\gh _m ( its expectations--z be+ at lea/ precipitate or :olly immat]ial--z be+ f\nd$1 9 %ort1 on naught--h t]m9at$ 9 naught1 & ev5 9 _! desir$ fulfillm5t1 mu/ h end$ 9 a nullity--/ill we d>e n1 !re=e1 ?r[ aside all high]1 holi]1 & div9] hope4 ,= 9 ?is we feel e e>?ly expectation1 s f> z x is real & well-gr\nd$1 w receive its f9al accompli%m5t1 be+ realiz$ to a degree surpass+ all t we _h ev] v5tur$ to look =4 ,& ev5 if d>k cl\ds are aga9 ga!r+ on ! horizon1 & if to _m an obs]v]1 ^: position 9 ! political _w af=ds him a wide & di/ant prospect ( society1 ! dang]s m5ac+ our own g5]ation seem /ill m fe>ful & t]rible ev5 ?an ^? :i* h b sc>cely pass$ away2 /ill !re is no ne$ ( despair4 ,r1 taught by pa/ exp]i5ce 9 l fe>ful circum/ances1 & recogniz+ 9 ?is lesson ( exp]i5ce a tea*+ high] ?an man's1 we w1 ev5 ?\gh our fe>s be fulfill$ 9 ! wor/ & mo/ awful =m1 reg>d x all z probably =m+1 if n a necess>y1 yet c]ta9ly a mo/ salut>y crisis ( transition to a high] /ate ( div9e hope4 ,to ?is div9e hope x is suffici5t = me ?us briefly to h allud$4 ,= :atev] ,i h at any "t 9 my pa/ life attempt$--x may be feebly & inadequately--to give expression to1 & all t x is my object to convey to my pres5t respect$ auditory1 & all t h]eaft] ,i %all h to say 9 ?is _w1 has _h & w h no o!r end or object ?an to po9t to & to prea* ?is sacr$ & et]nal hope ( a true1 n m]ely e>?ly1 b pr(\ndly new era1 & ( a spiritual life advanc+ 9 x t[>d ! p]fection ( maje/y & glory4 ,to ga9 a full assurance = su* a hope1 & to e/abli% x to ! be/ ( my p[] firmly & immovably among ! actuat+ motives ( life1 has ev] be5 & w always be my fir/ & de>e/ wi%4 ,b /ill1 ?\gh ! poet's di/i*1 9 its imm$iate ref]5ce to our own days1 requires to be greatly qualifi$1 ,i w\ld1 nev]!less1 v5ture to apply x to art4 ,at lea/1 x admits ( su* an application2 ?\gh 9 ?is case likewise x mu/ und]go "s re/riction & limitation4 ,z pass$ ev5 on ! pres5t condition ( art1 ! s5t5ce is h>%1 if n unju/4 ,if1 h[ev]1 !re ev] 0 or %\ld be a "t ( :i*1 if n /rictly & absolutely1 yet g5]ally & on ! :ole1 x c\ld ) tru? be ass]t$1 t ! exi/+ condition ( art 8_h nei!r fai? nor love10 !n might we g on confid5tly to add ! inf]5ce1 8,h[ !n %\ld hope rema9 = x80 ,i mu/ once aga9 repeat x3 su* a s5t5ce1 if appli$ to ,g]man art 9 our own days1 w\ld be bo? h>% & unm]it$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 art--:i* itself is no?+ b ! significant hi]oglyphics1 ! deeply-mov+ & elevat+ song ( et]nal hope--%\ld h = its basis1 in/ead ( a true & unwav]+ fai?1 "o m]ely artificial & self-impos$1 or at be/1 ! unreal fai? ( feel+1 fugitive & transitory1 & unable to /& ! fi]y trial--if1 too1 love1 in/ead ( be+ deep-felt & pr(\nd1 be b ! cuckoo-note ( a fa%ionable admiration1 un?9k+ly caught up & repeat$ )\t nature2 !n ! h>% s5t5ce we h j quot$1 toge!r ) its sad inf]5ce1 f9ds a due application4 ,at lea/1 x is s f> applicable z x is true t 9 ?is sad defici5cy ( liv+ fai? & e>ne/ love1 we c alone discov] an explanation ( :at o!rwise seems s /range 9 ! hi/ory ( art )9 ! rec5t c5tury4 ,if1 aft] _m a truly noble beg9n+1 ! fur!r developm5t & result correspond$ b little & mo/ imp]fectly ) ! expectations t _h at fir/ be5 excit$--if1 ) truly great tal5ts & r>e end[m5ts ( g5ius1 s mu* has fall5 to ! gr\nd1 l imp]fect blossoms1 )\t matur+ any useful & la/+ intellectual fruits--x 0 simply because art 0 defici5t 9 ?is its firme/ basis4 ,& p>tly x 01 also1 because %e mi/ook & 0 unable to take h] prop] position 9 ! times1 or ev5 if %e did und]/&1 0 too weak to reta9 x by an abid+ feel+ ( love4 ,= ! true position ( art mu/ n be misund]/ood1 nor ! natural ord] ( ?+s rev]s$1 if x is truly to fl\ri%1 & ! age itself is n to be depriv$ (1 or *eck$ & di/urb$ 91 its true enjoym5t ( x4 ,true art & poetry are ! beautiful cr[n1 ! promis+ blossoms1 yea1 ! v fl[]s ( hope1 on ! nobly-gr[n tree ( humanity1 z x widely exp&s itself 9 ri* & m>vel\s intellectual developm5t4 ,b x c n also be its root2 & if any :]e x pret5ds or desires to be su*1 !re assur$ly "s /range p]v]sion mu/ exi/1 or "s pr(\nd & ess5tial defect mu/ h l$ to s s+ul> a pret5sion4 ,we he>1 no d\bt1 9 horticulture1 ( inv]t$ trees1 ^: heads be+ plac$ 9 ! gr\nd1 /rike root & gr[1 :ile ! natural root freely develops itself into bran*es & leaves4 ,! exp]im5t s successful ) plants c n be imitat$ 9 m5tal matt]s )\t fe>ful p]il4 ,"h ! blossom+ cr[n1 if rev]s$1 w n take root1 & nev] be> real & g5u9e fruit4 ,no6 an absolutely /hetic f\ndation is insuffici5t ev5 = ?is life1 & mu* m s1 !n1 = ! next4 ,( ! orig9 ( life & ! _w1 a m]e poetical view ( ?+s c give b a speci\s & clev]ly-evasive acc\nt2 b z good z none ( t ( hope1 ( :i*1 9 su* a case1 x mu/ :olly h lo/ ! clew4 ,if1 !n1 t :i* is at mo/ b ! bright morn+ t9t ( hope %\ld seek to keep back ! sun1 or w\ld set itself up = ! true lum9>y1 !n--suppos+ x = a mom5t to be possible--x w\ld itself soon l[] into d>k cl\ds1 & in/ead ( ! long$-= spl5dor ( ! full & glori\s daylight1 a dull1 gray sky w\ld cov] ! :ole e>?4 ,?is intr9sic weakness (t5 betrays itself 9 poetry 7& frequ5tly1 also1 9 o!r sph]es ( human inv5tion71 by :at at any rate appe>s to be an inflat$ display1 :i*1 in/ead ( conceal+1 does b create a suspicion ( a deep int]nal holl[ness4 ,:at ,i allude to may take two =ms4 ,sometimes x manife/s itself 9 an excessive luxuri\sness--(t5 we might call x a v deluge--( ! mo/ un9telligible exagg]ations ( sacr$ feel+s1 su* z ,i regret occasionally to obs]ve 9 our mod]n s*ool ( poetry4 ,at o!r times x comes =w>d 9 an equally lavi% & b\ndless prodigality ( wit & raill]y2 sometimes1 too1 a s]i\s humor lurks 9 ! wit1 :ile a mock+ p>ody makes sport ) ! v humor1 or a /ill l(ti] tone ( irony1 f its height ( spiritual exaltation1 so>s above bo? wit & humor1 & ! :ole "w itself--nay1 above all besides1 & ev5 ! v univ]se4 ,x is 9 ?is "o-sid$ prepond]ance1 & 9 ! absolut5ess ) :i* reason or fancy is all[$ to take a decid$ b exclusive direction1 t ! fir/ cause lies ( t ali5ation already m5tion$ z subsi/+ betwe5 m5 ( a purely /hetical temp]am5t & poetical nature1 :o on ! "o side judge ( e ?+ by ! rules ( ta/e1 & ! m5 ( practical reason on ! o!r1 ^: only /&>d is utility4 ,?is e/rangem5t is only too app>5t 9 real & actual life1 :]e 9 ! degree :i* we h suppos$1 & by ! me?ods ord9>ily pursu$1 x is utt]ly irreconcilable4 ,!y /&1 inde$1 z fully e/rang$ f ea* o!r1 & z ho/ile1 z two :olly diff]5t races4 ,& 9 ?is light a well-kn[n savant1 at ! close ( ! la/ c5tury1 seems really to h reg>d$ !m1 s9ce1 on ! :ole face ( ! e>?1 he saw only two races--noble-m9d$1 elegant1 & ta/eful ,celts1 & dull1 ord9>y1 & /upid ,mongols4 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ,i mu/ repeat my previ\s rem>k1 t1 9 ^! days at lea/1 by f> ! great] dang] is to be appreh5d$ f an absolute asc5d5cy ( reason4 ,= ! rationaliz+ sy/em ( ?\ght :i* results f su* "o-sid$ness1 is n conf9$ m]ely to ! s*ools & _! sci5tific !ories1 b x too (t5 ext5ds its p]nici\s consequ5ces1 & its fatal & debas+ influ5ce1 ov] ! :ole range ( public & social life4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! slight ab]rations ( ta/e1 or 7if !y mo/ be acc\nt$ su*7 ! little extravagances ( g5ius1 may always be easily & promptly r$uc$ )9 due limits1 especially 9 an age l our own1 s ?or\ghly p]vad$ ) a correct feel+ ( art4 ,to give a solid basis to ! :ole ( life1 a firm int]nal conviction is necess>y4 ,x mu/ be a deep] feel+ ?an any t a m]e aspiration1 h[ev] beautiful1 or any poetical visions ( en?usia/ic hope1 or ev5 t irony :i* exalts itself above bo?1 c ev] give4 ,n[1 = ! atta9m5t ( ?is inw>d c]ta9ty & irrefragable sci5ce ( life & tru?1 pure ?\ght1 ?\gh x does n =m ! only road1 is1 nev]!less1 9 e case a necess>y ag5t1 ^: co-op]ation is indisp5sable4 ,9 ! fur!r prosecution1 !re=e1 ( our pursuit ( ! sci5ce ( life1 z d$ucible f ! v notion ( ! consci\sness1 accord+ to t !ory ( x :i* we h be5 develop+1 ?\ght1 9 & by itself1 mu/ n[1 z we h9t$ 9 our fir/ sket*1 =m ! subject ( a special inquiry4 ,b "h ! pr9cipal ?+ to be gu>d$ aga9/ is1 ! delusion t philosophy mu/ aim at ! rigor ( ma!matical c]ta9ty1 & a mode ( pro( d]iv$1 on su* an hypo!sis1 f t sci5ce1 by a s]vile copy+ ( its me?od2 =1 (t5 z ?is has be5 attempt$1 x has nev] z yet l$ to a felicit\s result4 ,?is misconception 9 ! doma9 ( sci5ce is some?+ l to :at x w\ld be if 9 poetry1 f an undue consid]ation ( music1 ! m]e play ( tones--! rhyme & rhy?m--:i* d inde$ contribute to ! ornat5ess ( its figurative inve/iture1 %\ld be held to be ! v ess5ce ( ! art4 ,or1 to take ano!r illu/ration1 x is mu* ! same z if1 ) "s ( ! m rec5t ,engli% poets1 we %\ld wi% to make picturesquely descriptive poetry to be a peculi> species2 :]eas 9 tru? x =ms1 or has a t5d5cy to deg5]ate into1 a m]e faulty mann]ism4 ,y w rememb] t ,i expla9$ a notion to be a conception completely det]m9$1 bo? inw>dly & outw>dly 7i4e41 9 ext5t & compreh5sion71 accord+ to ! ma!matical dim5sions ( numb]1 measure1 & weight4 ,b ?is1 p]haps1 is ! only ma!matical =mula t 9 ! doma9 ( philosophy is univ]sally applicable4 ,& ev5 z su* x only applies to ! notion z a /&>d & fundam5tal idea by :i* we may judge ( ! correctness ( its =mation1 & ! complet5ess ( its division into its sev]al organic p>ts1 or l[] g5]a & species4 ,x is no use fur!r = ! comb9ation ( ! sev]al notions into entire sci5tific p]iods & conclusions2 = we may reg>d e complete sy/em ( sci5ce & speculative ?\ght z "s su* p]fect p]iod & syllogism4 ,b ) reg>d to ! notion & its object1 x is unque/ionably ( ! highe/ importance to det]m9e :e!r x be absolutely simple or comp\nd4 ,if ! latt]1 x may sugge/ _m que/ions4 ,if d\ble1 x may fall into an intr9sic contr>iety1 or be involv$ 9 a tw(old want ( h>mony4 ,if x numb]s ?ree con/itu5ts1 we may h to inquire :e!r 9 its triple en]gy x enjoys a liv+ unity ( op]ation2 or if possess$ ( f\r opposite directions1 x may be involv$ 9 b9>y contr>ieties & d\ble discord2 or1 aga91 we might h to inquire :e!r ! ess5tial accession ( "s fif? elem5t =ms ! liv+ c5t] to hold toge!r & reunite ! f\r :i* o!rwise are div]g5t & ap>t2 or :e!r ! :ole 9 triple c\plets1 or a d\ble tr9e1 =ms a six2 or :e!r sev5 arise f ! union ( a tr9e & qu>ta91 ei!r 9 ! _w ( ?\ght1 or ! realities ( life & outw>d exp]i5ce2 & aga91 eight may be a d\ble squ>e 9 ! "o or ! o!r relation2 or yet once m1 we may h to inquire :e!r 9 ! /ill advanc+ inw>d reckon+ & developm5t ( life1 n9e arise f a ?rice repeat$ triple en]gy4 ,& la/ly1 :e!r all ^! fir/ elem5t>y numb]s are 9 v>i\s ways p]fect$ & comb9$ toge!r 9 ! decade4 ,rightly und]/ood1 ! ,py?agorean !ory ( numb]s--h[ev] un9telligible its s+le /atem5ts may appe>1 :5 deta*$ f ! g5]al context--is p]haps z little devoid ( f\ndation z ! ,platonic doctr9e ( anamnesis4 ,! latt] ,i h endeavor$ to ju/ify1 by expla9+ x 9 a bett] s5se ?an x is ord9>ily tak52 ! =m]1 h[ev]1 f a defici5cy ( orig9al & g5u9e hi/orical au?orities1 x is f> m difficult to judge ( correctly & imp>tially4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! ,py?agoreans z a body /& v f> inde$ above ! ord9>y /&>d ( ! ,grecian intellect & enlight5m5t2 = ,plato 0 b a s+le great m9d1 & /ood almo/ alone ev5 9 ! ,socratic s*ool4 ,! degradation ( ! female sex1 ?\gh f\nd$ on ! habits z well z political in/itutions ( ! re/ ( ,greece1 0 decri$ by ^! e>ne/ & deep-?9k+ m51 :o1 9 _! re=m1 adopt$ q an opposite s5tim5t4 ,& if 9 _! measures = its removal some?+ seems /ill to be desid]at$1 & ev5 some?+ to be blam$1 bo? defects arise *iefly f _! hav+ fall5 into ! o!r extreme ( error1 by propos+ to give to woman a culture too decid$ly mascul9e1 & seek+ to e/abli% x z ! rule ( _! new society4 ,wom5 7 concurr5t & co-ord9ate memb]s ( ! gov]n+ body ( ! ,py?agorean league1 & an ess5tial elem5t ( ! spl5did ari/ocracy ( m]it 9 ?is new model ( life & society2 :i*1 h[ev]1 z cla%+ too directly ) ! invet]ate habits ( _! c\ntrym51 soon provok$ a revolution1 & 0 entirely ov]?r[n4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 f ?is s\rce t ,plato1 & also ,socrates1 *iefly d]iv$ _! respect = highly-gift$ wom5 & _! g5]al view ( ! female sex2 :i* 9 a degree1 ?\gh v imp]fectly1 anticipat$ ! pur] ,*ri/ian notion bo? ( x & human nature1 possess+ on ! :ole a "r b vague notion ( ! true dignity ( bo?4 ,) respect to ! !ory ( numb]s 9 ?is anci5t philosophy1 & its true & simple s5se1 we h ! foll[+ rem>ks to make4 ,!re is1 we "k1 a c]ta9 *ronological feel+ by means ( :i* ! skillful physician /rives1 ) acute & (t5 happy conjecture1 to det]m9e ! imp5d+ crisis ( disease & its probable t]m9ation4 ,!re is also a simil> tact :i* enables ! exp]i5c$ politician to measure ! "u-curr5t ( ! rapid fl[ ( mundane ev5ts--to feel ! pulse ( life z x beats 9 its ?rong+ & quickly-pass+ incid5ts4 ,9 bo? cases1 h[ev]1 we feel t x is no infallibly c]ta9 & p]fectly omnisci5t oracle--= none su* is to be f\nd 9 ! :ole range ( ! human m9d4 ,nei!r is x any prophetical =eca/+--n to speak ( any pre-de/9$ necessity4 ,x mu/ be reg>d$ z a delicate & s5sitive tact1 :i* may deceive1 b ^: p]ceptions subsequ5t results mo/ frequ5tly prove to be correct4 ,n[1 ( some:at simil> nature to ?is1 !re is a k9d ( imm$iate1 se>*+1 ari?metical glance into ! int]nal & ess5tial num]ical relations ( ?+s 9 g5]al1 & also ( all ! objects ( nature & ph5om5a ( life1 :i* does unque/ionably =m an ess5tial elem5t 9 e innate tal5t = sci5tific ?9k+4 ,9 "s su* simple s5se z ?is we may und]/& ! ,py?agorean doctr9e ( intr9sic life-numb]s 9 ?+s & _! manifold relations4 ,"u su* limitations we may adopt x1 or at lea/ all[ its validity4 ,& at any rate we mu/ admit t x 0 an advance 7or at lea/ ! fir/ /ep !reto7 9 sci5tific ?\ght1 to be able1 by ?is way ( reg>d+ ?+s1 to c\nt1 9 ! analysis ( !m or _! notions1 up to t51 or ev5 to fifte5 or m4 ,?us1 !n1 z reg>ds ! g5]al notions 7b only 9 reg>d to ^!71 ! ma!matical view & me?od may be pr(itably appli$ to philosophy4 ,9 any case x is highly important1 & inde$ ess5tial1 = ! correct =mation ( notions 7& also = ! complete division ( !m into _! organic memb]s1 :atev] may be ! sph]e to :i* !y belong71 t we %\ld be able to det]m9e ! true inn] numb]1 bo? ( !m & _! objects1 s9ce on ?is numb] ! "r quantity & weight ( any "o notion relatively to o!rs1 :e!r k9dr$ or di/9ct1 & especially to ! :ole1 mo/ intimately dep5ds4 ,! comb9ation1 h[ev]1 ( s+le notions into propositions1 or complete sy/ems ( sci5ce1 c n1 9 philosophy at lea/1 foll[ a ma!matical or any simil> pr9ciple4 ,= philosophy1 we h se51 is a sci5ce ( a high] life1 d]iv$ f an int]nal exp]i5ce4 ,x re/s1 !re=e1 on ! triple basis1 inasmu* z ! latt] is giv5 f )91 f above1 & f )\t4 ,consequ5tly1 ! great object "h is1 naturally1 n1 z x is 9 ma!matical sci5ce1 to l9k toge!r1 9 app>5tly rigor\s connection1 ! sev]al ph5om5a ( ^! high] data1 or 7if1 z "s w h x1 !re be only "o7 its s+le mom5ta1 & manifoldly to concat5ate !m z s _m pure s*emes & =mul4 ,! ess5tial po9t is r to ga9 a pure appreh5sion ( ! imp>t$ data ( ?is high] life2 & rightly und]/&+ !m1 to clo! !m correctly 9 words1 & by giv+ ^! aga9 9 correct grammatical coh]5ce1 to express !m cle>ly & =cibly4 ,b ?is w\ld imply t ! me?od ( ?\ght 9 ?is self-cognition ( life1 ?us express$ 9 words1 is ( a ?or\ghly grammatical nature2 & !n ! high] logic--if we mu/ s speak1 & isolate & deta* ! latt]1 z an elem5t>y sci5ce1 f its connection ) ! liv+ :ole--! high] logic w\ld consi/ simply ( ! rules = ?is inn] language1 & be no?+ b a correct gramm> ( liv+ ?\ght4 ,&1 9 tru?1 ,i = my "p d believe t x ought s to be treat$4 ,& x is f ?is po9t ( view1 & accord+ to ! idea ?us advanc$ ( su* a high] grammatical correctness ( ?9k+1 t ,i %all proce$1 :5ev] any po9t connect$ ) ! =m ( ?\ght & ! "r me?od ( sci5ce comes into "q1 or requires to be notic$ 9 pass+4 ,an in/ance w place cle>ly be=e our m9d ! diff]5t po9ts ( view tak5 by ^! two modes ( judg+ & doctr9al me?ods4 ,9 compliance ) a similitude :i* accurately en\gh corresponds to ! tru?1 let u consid] a sy/em ( philosophy z a :ole p]iod ( high] ?\ght1 or z a p]fect proposition ( sci5ce4 ,n[1 9 t e/imate ( a p]iod ( ?is k9d :i* obs]ves ! usual requisitions ( ma!matical c]ta9ty & mode ( ?9k+1 x w\ld be said3 8,?is sy/em is wond]ful1 & q p]fect1 = all its positions are rigidly demon/rat$40 ,b ev5 suppos+ ! sy/em 7 ?us rigor\sly demon/rative 9 all its p>ts1 /ill ! :ole sy/em might be radically false2 = x might orig9ally h />t$ f an errone\s pr9ciple1 or1 be+ devoid ( any truly real & abid+ subject-matt]1 be bas$ on "s empty phantom ( sci5tific imag9ation1 or ! unsub/antial absolute ( ! reason4 ,b ! same sy/em or p]iod ( ?\ght be+ judg$ f ! opposite position ( :at ,i h call$ a high] grammatical me?od1 w be ?us spok5 (3 8,x is all empty words1 )\t wor? or sub/ance1 = no?+ 9 x is tak5 f actual life1 & no?+ ( ! k9d has ev] be5 felt 9 man's exp]i5ce40 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! subject-matt] is real1 & furni%$ by ! realities ( ! inn] life1 !re1 9 ! special details1 mu* may be want+1 "h & !re a ^w may be miss+1 ! /ructure ( ! p]iods ( ! :ole sy/em may n be p]fectly di/9ct1 & ! g5]al arrangem5t n suffici5tly lucid3 occasionally also a faulty & inadequate expression may be met )1 & yet ! :ole "w may1 nev]!less1 con/itute a great advance on ! road to high] k1 & furni% a valuable contribution to tru?4 ,) ! exception ( ! case ( ! total inanity & p]v]sity ( view1 our judgm5t mu/ nev] be indiscrim9ate or rigor\s4 ,sci5tific ?\ght 9 g5]al1 & especially 9 philosophy1 consi/s ( notions1 intuitions1 & judgm5ts1 if only ! latt] t]m be tak51 9 its usual logical s5se1 to signify ! comb9+ toge!r notions or intuitions4 ,n[1 ( ! true ma!matical mode ( proce$+ ) notions accord+ to ! pure & simple acceptation ( ! ,py?agorean my/]y ( numb]s1 &1 secondly1 ( :at 9 its inmo/ ess5ce is a grammatical me?od--_! comb9ation 9 me?odical ?\ght--we h already spok54 ,z to ! inw>d intuitions t we enjoy ( t high] some?+ :i* is 9 ?ree ways imp>t$ to u1 ! ma!matical mode ( proc$ure is pla9ly inapplicable to !m4 ,ev5 ! grammatical "o ceases to be fruitful "h2 at lea/ x is unsatisfactory4 ,natural sci5ce1 :i* is itself pre-em95tly bas$ on intuition1 w p]haps mo/ readily furni% a comp>ative illu/ration1 calculat$ to ?r[ light on & expla9 t p]ception ( a high] some?+ f :i* philosophy sets out4 ,& ?is illu/ration w be be/ borr[$ f ^? exp]i5ces 9 natural philosophy :i* appe> to seize ! fundam5tal ph5om5a ( nature & h] inmo/ life2 ev5 ?\gh ! exp]im5t itself set be=e our eyes ^! wond]ful ph5om5a1 & ! secrets :i* are br\ght to light !re91 9 ! greatly-dim9i%$ proportions ( sci5tific abbreviation4 ,extremely trifl+ z ! imitation ( lightn+ by our electrical app>atus may appe>1 /ill t little sp>k has k9dl$ a great & univ]sal light 9 ! doma9 ( physical sci5ce4 ,! magnetic ne$le1 :i* at fir/ sight 0 look$ ^u z an insignificant m>vel ( nature1 taught man fir/ ( all to fix 8 position on ?is e>? & to f9d x aga9 aft] quitt+ x--& s1 by lead+ him on to ! discov]y ( ! ,new ,_w1 f\nd$ !reby a great epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human m9d4 ,n m]ely does x po9t to ! t]re/rial nor?-pole1 b x also guides ! ?\ghtful obs]v] to ! inmo/ c5t] ( nature1 :]e1 9 ?is my/]y ( liv+ attraction1 ! univ]sal key ( int]pretation seems to lie hidd54 ,& :o w\ld mock or despise ! ?\ghtful naturali/ :o delights1 by ! prismatic analysis or division ( ! elem5t>y colors ( light1 to produce or copy 9 m9iature ! ra9b[ :i* spans ! heav5s8 ,n[1 9 ^! fir/ simple & elem5t>y ph5om5a1 ext]nal nature1 z x 71 spontane\sly pres5ts to u beautiful emblems = /ill high] ph5om5a belong+ to ano!r & int]nal region4 ,!y enable u metaphorically to express ! div9e ph5om5on ( tru?1 & its vivid appreh5sion & intr9sic adoption1 till x becomes a fix$ & imp]i%able k1 & to n>rate intelligibly ! intr9sic g5esis ( tru? & true k4 ,= ! foll[+ is1 if we may s speak1 ! hi/ory ( ! gr[? ( liv+ sci5ce 9 ! human m9d1 :5ev] ! latt] is capable ( x1 & is rais$ or raises itself to ! height !re(4 ,! beg9n+ is made by ! fir/ k9dl+ sp>k ( tru?1 :i* works l ! electric %ock--by ! fir/ ray ( k1 :i* aft]w>d gradually exp&s into ! n\ri%+ flame ( love4 ,! second /ep ( fur!r progress is =m$ by ! magnetic attraction ( ! s\l1 :i* f ! fir/ contact to ! ultimate union1 /rives /ill to p5etrate m pr(\ndly1 & m accurately to inve/igate ! object ( its love4 ,9 ?is rem>k1 ,i proce$ on ! hypo!sis 7:i* h]eaft] w /ill (t5] be spok5 (7 t no liv+ cognition is possible or actual )\t a previ\s vital contact & union betwe5 ! kn[+ & ! kn[n4 ,:51 la/ly1 ! mom5t ( completion arrives1 !n ! close ( ?is pursuit ( a highe/ k w be made by t full expansion ( div9e light :i* (t51 l a heav5ly tok5 ( peace & reconciliation1 %9es =? 9 ! v mid/ ( ! cl\ds ( discont5t1 & dissolves all d\bts be=e x4 ,b n[ philosophy1 accord+ to ! orig9al s5se ( ! beautiful ,greek ^w1 does n by any means signify ! highe/ wisdom1 ! ev]la/+ tru? itself1 or ! p]fect sci5ce4 ,x d5otes r ! pure long+1 ! love ( a g5u9e k ( div9e tru?1 :i* spiritually conqu]s & triumphs ov] e difficulty 9 ! way ( its atta9m5t ,?is1 !n1 implies t ?is sci5ce does & mu/ set out f love z its basis4 ,= ! indication ( ?is f\ndation ( true k1 9 its *>act]i/ic features at lea/1 natural sci5ce has furni%$ u ) ! adequate symbols4 ,,lecture ,,vii4 8,feel+ is e ?+10 ,i w\ld aga9 repeat2 9 words only does !re lie a possibility ( misconception4 ,:5 philosophy sets out f ! false semblance ( necess>y ?\ght1 x mu/ always h a simil> result4 ,x c n extricate itself f its own subtile web ( sci5tific delusion4 ,ab/ract phrases1 i4e41 words depriv$ ( _! liv+ significance 7if ev] !y possess$ any7 & r$uc$ to empty1 lifeless =mul1 are easily f\nd1 or1 r1 h long s9ce be5 f\nd1 = ?is seem+ k1 :i* z su* does1 9 tru?1 rema9 ev] id5tical ) itself4#gc ,& if1 f "t to "t1 x *anges its expressions & assumes q a diff]5t t]m9ology1 ?is is only done = ! sake ( appe>+ new1 :]eas fundam5tally x is /ill ! old error :i* cont9ues to be propagat$ 9 a *ang$ =m & dress4 ,sometimes1 no d\bt1 x is done ) an hone/ int5tion1 "u ! p]suasion t tru? & sci5ce w1 p]haps1 9 ! new magical =m be m easily seiz$ & compreh5d$ ?an 0 possible 9 ! old "o1 ^: un9telligible obscurity & intricacies 7 deeply felt1 & :i* x is hop$ are avoid$ 9 ! some:at alt]$ arrangem5t ( ! ideas4 ,b ! un9telligible obscurity lies1 n 9 ! words & phrases or ! t]m9ology1 h[ev] /range & b>b>\s ! latt] may s\nd4 ,x arises entirely f a defective po9t ( view1 & ! p]v]sion ( ?\ght involv$ 9 ! v !ory ( id5tity2 & no phraseology or skill ( composition1 h[ev] unp>allel$1 w ev] be able totally to remove x4 ,q o!rwise is x :5 philosophy sets out f ! feel+ ( t :i* x desires1 & :i* f ! v fir/ x has prop\nd$ & s\ght z its prop] object4 ,9 ?is case ! difficulty does n lie 9 ! ?+ itself1 or 9 ! view on :i* x is bas$4 ,= ! latt]1 inasmu* z x results f life itself1 & man's inmo/ feel+s & exp]i5ces1 is z obvi\s & intelligible z ! visible %ape & ph5om5on & z ! pure consci\sness ( life itself4 ,at lea/ x is suffici5tly cle> = all ! purposes ( life1 & suffici5tly intelligible = ! k9dr$ feel+s on :i* x re/s4 ,b 9 ?is1 z 9 e o!r case ( pr(\nd int]nal emotion1 x is extremely difficult to f9d ! v "r ^w = x1 ! exact appropriate t]m :i* happily seizes & vividly expresses its ess5tial "*4 ,accord+ly1 9 philosophy--s long1 at lea/1 z x proce$s f ?is fundam5tal pr9ciple ( life & a liv+ feel+--,i ?9k x be/ n to %ackle our ?\ghts & notions by ! fett]s ( a rigidly-fix$ & un*angeable t]m9ology4 ,= su* sci5ces z are di/9ctly limit$ to a p>ticul> sph]e1 ?is me?od may be pr(itable & salut>y4 ,inde$1 x may n only appe> b actually be indisp5sable4 ,b 9 ! pres5t case x w\ld be inappropriate4 ,we mu/ seek1 on ! contr>y1 ! greate/ possible v>iety ( expression1 avail+ ourselves ( all ! ri*es ( language 9 ! copi\s div]sity ( sci5tific1 & ev5 ( poetical & figurative diction1 & n refus+ to borr[ ! t]ms ( society or any sph]e ( life4 ,= our fir/ endeavor mu/ be to keep our exposition vivid ?r\gh\t4 ,cont9ually advanc+ ) a liv+ movem5t1 we ought to avoid1 above all ?+s1 t prop5sity to us+ /iff & dead =mul>ies1 :i* almo/ seems to be inborn & h]$it>y 9 rational sci5ce4 ,= z ! liv+ philosophy is a high] & cle>] consci\sness1 or self-consci\s k--a sort ( second consci\sness )9 ! ord9>y "o--x requires = its indication & exposition1 z x 71 a language )9 language2 only ! latt] c nev] be a sy/em ( lifeless =mul1 b mu/ ev5 be 9 ! highe/ degree vivid & flexible4 ,! philosophy ( life may1 9 %ort1 borr[ its t]ms f e sph]e1 b pr9cipally f life itself2 & ev51 ! fugitive t]ms & evanesc5t =ms ( conv]sational language w (t5 supply x ) ! happie/ & mo/ p]t95t modes ( expression4 ,su*1 too1 x may occasionally borr[ f all ! subord9ate sci5ces4 ,ev5 ! obsolete & cumbr\s t]m9ology--! b>b>\s s*ool phrases ( a rec5t ,g]man philosophy--might furni% _m a valuable contribution to t ri* copi\sness ( expression :i* is indisp5sable to ! philosophy ( life4 ,an occasional phrase or t]m borr[$ f ?is s\rce1 b diff]5tly appli$1 or employ$ 9 q a new s5se--& !reby = ! "t r5d]$ intelligible1 may (t5 s]ve to express mo/ happily & mo/ p]t95tly :at be=e seem$ to be almo/ inexpressible & to elude all ! p[]s ( language4 ,b1 above all ?+s1 we mu/ rememb] t its exposition mu/ n be a m]e dead framework ( fix$ t]ms--a sy/em ( empty =mul>ies4 ,?is is a po9t :i* appe>s to me to be mo/ intimately connect$ & mix$ up ) ! v ess5ce & _s ( sci5tific tru?4 ,on ?is po9t my feel+s are s /rong1 t if1 9 t attempt :i* = "s ye>s ,i h be5 mak+ to give a new developm5t ( philosophy1 ,i c\ld consid] x all[able to adopt ! c\rse :i* has s (t5 be5 foll[$ 9 ,g]man lit]ature & its sev]al s*ool-sy/ems1 ( deta*+ "s s+le notion f its g5]al connection1 9 ord] m rapidly to ga9 = x1 l small co91 a wid] circulation1 ev5 ?\gh by s do+ its peculi> /amp ( intr9sic tru? is quickly abrad$ & lo/--if1 ,i say1 ,i c\ld br+ myself to adopt su* a c\rse1 ,i %\ld conf9e myself to oppos+1 & us+ e means to c\nt]act1 ?is kill+ ( ! _s by words :i* 9 & by !mselves h no signification4 ,if x 7 possible1 no?+ w\ld give me great] pleasure ?an to see all ! old & cu/om>y t]ms reject$ & dropp$1 & new & diff]5t ones f\nd = ! same !me4 ,! philosophy ( life--"o1 i4e41 :i* sets out 9 its speculations f life itself & ! liv+ consci\sness--nei!r c nor desires to be all-compreh5sive2 n at lea/ 9 ! same s5se t t philosophy does :i* proce$s f ! assumption ( a necess>y connection ( ?\ght4 ,x does n presumptu\sly suppose t x possesses ! p[] ( measur+ ! :ole sum ( all t is conceivable or possible1 & ( sett+ x d[n z an unalt]able result =ev]4 ,x does n arrogate to itself su* omnisci5ce4 ,b 9 "o s5se ! philosophy ( life may ju/ly be call$ an all-compreh5sive sci5ce2 & t is 9 s f> z1 keep+ 9 contact ) ! c5t] ( life1 &1 consequ5tly1 ( ?\ght also1 & ( k1 x attempts to seize & rightly to appreh5d !m4 ,& s long z x does n lose sight ( ?is c5t]1 b is con/antly return+ to x1 x may be all[$ _m lib]ties4 ,ar\nd ?is c5t] x may revolve 9 circles1 n[ n>r[] n[ wid]1 ) ! view ( contemplat+ x m advantage\sly1 s long z x does n re/ too soon 9 any def9ite focus ( ?\ght4 ,:ile x refuses to conf9e itself to any fix$ =m ( language1 x may1 ) un%ackl$ *oice1 select f ! :ole range ( life & ?\ght :atev] expressions appe> ! mo/ significant & happie/ = indicat+ t fullness ( feel+ :i* is s difficult to give words to1 & :i* inde$ c nev] be adequately compris$ 9 language4 ,nor 9 su* a case w x ev] be made an objection if1 9 ! succession ( its ideas & its manifoldly v>i$ turn+s1 x avails itself ( ! same lib]ty1 frequ5tly com+ back to ! same />t+-po9t1 ?\gh always pres5t+ x 9 "s new light & relation4 ,! te/ ( ! sci5tific correctness ( a true me?od ( ?\ght1 :i* mu/ ev] be liv+ & vivid1 is an int]nal "o4 ,x is indep5d5t ( all su* little & ext]nal matt]s1 & x c ev5 exi/ unimpair$ alongside ( _m app>5t irregul>ities4 ,"h ! case is ne>ly ! same z ) actual conv]sation4 ,9 bo? alike1 :5 we w\ld express ourselves on any grave po9t ( feel+1 & clo! x 9 su* language z is likely to ga9 ! concurr5ce ( o!rs1 or1 by mak+ x cle>1 to en=ce x ^u ! g5]al conviction1 we feel x p]fectly all[able to foll[ :atev] c\rse may seem mo/ conv5i5t4 ,at "o "t we prelim9>ily advance "s "q m or less remotely be>+ ^u x1 or we take up a n>rative or simile :i* w s]ve to introduce x4 ,or1 x may be1 by explanation we try to cle> away "s possible misconception1 or1 p]haps1 to limit & det]m9e "s preconceiv$ op9ion on ! matt]1 9 ! hope ( remov+ or solv+ "s app>5t or tr\blesome difficulty4 ,"s or all ( ^! means we freely make use ( 9 ord] t ! desir$ result ( our disc\rse may f9ally /& out cle> & di/9ct be=e ! m5tal eye ( our auditors4 ,i %all1 !re=e1 ,i ?9k1 be ju/ifi$ if ,i foll[ ! same c\rse 9 ^! ,lectures :i* x is my wi% %\ld leave on y\r m9ds ! impression ( an int]nal dialogue4 ,9 ! seem+ly rhapsodical fl[ ( its ?\ght ,i %all assume ! same lib]ty4 ,f> f ab/a9+ f episodical matt]s1 :5 !y sugge/ !mselves1 ,i ev5 ?9k x ess5tial (t5 to introduce !m2 & by frequ5tly recurr+1 "u _m a v>iation ( expression1 to ! same lead+ idea1 x w be my endeavor to place x 9 a /ill cle>] light4 ,by ?is c\rse1 9 spite ( its seem+ t$i\sness1 ,i %all be able ultimately1 9 a few simple ideas1 to set ! :ole matt] m di/9ctly & intelligibly be=e y4 ,&1 at ! same "t1 ,i tru/ t ! rules ( int]nal language = ! correct composition ( ! :ole1 ! "r arrangem5t ( ! words 7if ,i may s call x71 t int]nal grammatical ord] ( liv+ ?\ght1 ( :i* ,i previ\sly spoke1 w be f\nd to be duly obs]v$1 ev5 ?\gh 9 ! details _m a t]m may appe> imp]fect & inadequate1 & _m a happi] expression might h be5 f\nd4 ,! mo/ vivid diction1 ev5 ! be/ & mo/ felicit\s1 falls always f> %ort ( feel+4 8,feel+ is e ?+0--! full c5t] ( ! inn] life1 ! po9t f :i* philosophy sets out1 & to :i* x inv>iably returns4 ,we might call x1 if su* an e-day expression w\ld n s\nd & /rike u z /range1 ! qu9tess5ce ( ! consci\sness4 ,h[ev]1 9 its orig9al s5se 7:i*1 9 tru?1 arose out ( a v sup]ficial & meag] view ( anci5t philosophy71 z us$ to d5ote ! ess5tial fif? ov] & above ! f\r opposite poles ( inw>d exi/5ce1 or ! f\r div]g5t directions ( reality1 :i*1 l ! m9d1 is also divid$ into quadruple diss5sion1 ! t]m qu9tess5ce is n inappropriate = ?is c5t] ( ! consci\sness4 ,= feel+ is1 unque/ionably1 su* a fif?1 bo? 9 relation to ! f\r great fundam5tal en]gies ( ! inn] man1 z ! latt] are manife/$ to u by exp]i5ce1 & also to ! f\r faculties ( ! second ord]1 :i* are compos$ ( or d]iv$ f ! =m]4 ,b x is n only difficult to f9d an adequate expression = ! full c5tral feel+s ( ! inn] life1 b especially to indicate accurately 9 words all ! m delicate p]ceptions1 ) _! %ades ( diff]5ce & di/9ction1 :i* spr+ f x1 & rigor\sly to keep !m z di/9ct 9 ! expression z !y 7 9 ! actual emotion4 ,cle>ly1 too1 & accurately z ! inn] s5se may di/+ui% betwe5 a g5u9e & a spuri\s manife/ation ( ! high] feel+s1 x is n s v easy 9 language to keep !m sep>ate1 or s precisely to *>act]ize !m z to exclude e false accompanim5t1 & to prev5t ! possibility ( conf\nd+ ! spuri\s & ! g5u9e4 ,h[ great1 = in/ance1 is ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two k9ds ( irony :i* we meet ) 9 ! philosophical dialogue1 ei!r z introduc$ by ! ,socratic s*ool1 or z simil>ly employ$ 9 mod]n dialectic4 ,! "o k9d1 ov]fl[+ ) skeptical %rewdness1 makes illimitable d\bt ! end ( its dialogical expositions1 & is t acrid & bit+ irony :i* is bas$ on univ]sal negation4 ,! o!r species1 m amiable & b5evol5t1 is intimately alli$ to a l(ty en?usiasm = ! div9e & ! true1 be+ almo/ "o )1 or1 at lea/1 insep>able f x1 s9ce x arises f a s5se ( its own incapacity to comprise 9 any =m ( words ! pl5itude ( div9ity1 z ! _s disc]ns x 9 tru?4 ,& yet1 not)/&+ su* diff]5ces 9 ! expressions & turns ( ! dialogue1 !y (t5 bord] close ^u & ne>ly resemble "o ano!r2 :]eas ! inn] purpose1 ! _s1 ! design ( ! l9e ( ?\ght1 is (t5 ?or\ghly di/9ct 9 ! two cases1 & almo/ directly oppos$4 ,9 ! same way1 true arti/ic g5ius & its m]e imitation are ev5 9 _! ext]nal mann] & productions easily detect$ by ! feel+4 ,& yet we (t5 f9d words fail u :5 we attempt *>act]i/ically to indicate _! diff]5ces1 & to pass a discrim9at+ judgm5t ^u !m4 ,s1 too--to illu/rate ?is topic by ! in/ance ( wit--a =c$ humor1 ) its we>y+ repetitions & mann]ism1 or ! ceaseless /ra9+ & empty play ( an artificial wit1 is v diff]5t f ! ov]fl[+ fullness ( g5u9e poetical wit1 9 :i* ! lively g5ius ( a sportive fancy is e :]e well+ =?1 & a pr(\nd poetical en?usiasm %9es ?r\gh ! coat ( ev]-%ift+ hues :i* its motley humor puts on4 ,b /ill1 ev5 "h x is extremely difficult to expla9 "o's self1 & to di/+ui% ! diff]5t impressions !y make4 ,accord+ly1 9 a g5]al judgm5t ^u !m1 _m mi/akes & misconceptions are bo? possible1 & are frequ5tly made4 ,n[1 9 ! sph]e ( feel+1 ! m]e c\nt]feit1 9 p>ticul> cases at lea/1 is frequ5tly 9 its language s deceptively simil> to ! true & g5u9e1 t at la/ ! judgm5t c f9d no o!r words suitable to itself ?an ! simple ones1 8,i feel x to be true & pr(\nd10 or 8,i feel x to be spuri\s1 intr9sically va91 a m]e c\nt]feit1 & a *eat40 ,aga93 fai?1 hope1 & love or *>ity--7^? ?ree /ates ( ! s\l-spr+s ( life--^? inw>d organs ( ! moral s5se--^? decisive acts & div]sifi$ =ms ( manife/ation ( "o common s5tim5t1 direct$ to ! good & ! div9e--or by :at o!r t]ms !y may be express$7--?is si/]hood ( spiritual qualities (t5 m5tion$ toge!r1 &1 9 fact1 closely alli$ & unit$1 are pres5t$ to u z =m+ a complete s*eme & all-embrac+ & significant symbol ( a high] life4 ,:5 !y are felt & reg>d$ 9 ?is light1 !y d1 inde$1 become su* = all high] ?\ght & sci5ce1 9 s f> z ! latt] ought to be liv+ & to h _! f\ndation 9 life4 ,too frequ5tly1 h[ev]1 & t n m]ely 9 ! poems ( an /hetical piety1 b also 9 _m a dull "w ( edification1 we see ?is triple symbol ( a high] life degrad$ into ! commonplace ( a morbid fancy1 :i*1 9 ! gratification ( an idle vanity1 trifles ) ! be/ & holie/ feel+s ( our nature4 ,ev5 "h1 !re=e1 z else:]e1 a /rict sep>ation betwe5 ! g5u9e & ! spuri\s is v necess>y1 call+ = & claim+ all our wat*fulness4 ,b ! c\nt]feiture lies n 9 ! tone ( solemn e>ne/ness & dep? ( pa?os ) :i* m5 broa* ^! subjects1 or g5]ally t\* ^u !m2 on ! contr>y1 ! affectation mo/ly ann\nces itself 9 a c]ta9 ext]nal pomp ( ^w & phrase4 ,b n[1 if ?is symbol ( an int]nal religi\s triplet conta9s at ! same "t 7s to speak7 ! fundam5tal h>mony ( t high] life :i* is devot$ to ! good & direct$ to ! div9e1 !n mu/ ?is apply n only to ! inn] b also to ! out] life4 ,9 %ort1 ?is s*eme ( ! fundam5tal moral ideas mu/ be aga9 met ) 9 ! ord9>y relations ( actual life4 ,9 su* a case x is cle>ly mo/ agreeable to tru? to speak ( ?is int]nal & bett] life simply & unpret5d+ly 9 a p]fectly natural mann]1 :ile a holy rev]5ce = :at is mo/ exalt$ 9 humanity is be/ te/ifi$ by an intr9sic delicacy 9 ! mode ( treat+ x1 by ! abs5ce ( all p$antry ( sublimity1 or affectation ( a s5tim5tal =mality4 ,) an especial ref]5ce to ! end ( sci5ce1 ,i h1 9 ! case ( ^! ?ree elem5ts ( high] consci\sness1 attempt$ to di/+ui%1 /rictly & precisely1 ! true & g5u9e f ! spuri\s1 :i* (t5 runs p>allel to x1 & ! well-f\nd$ f t :i* re/s on no "r basis ( reality4 ,9 ! case ( fai?1 we drew a di/9ction betwe5 t intr9sic liv+ fai? :i* is bas$ on ! feel+s ( p]sonal exp]i5ce & love1 & t c\nt]feit$ imitation ( x :i* is only ext]nally assum$4 ,9 ! case ( hope1 too1 x has be5 my endeavor to %[ t1 besides a n>r[-m9d$1 egoi/ic1 & passionate & p>tisan hope1 ^: anticipations are seldom realiz$1 b if s1 only to _! own puni%m5t & disgrace1 !re is also a high] hope1 :i* is bo? ,godlike & div9e4 ,to ?is hope x is t art & poetry owe ! magical *>m by :i* !y w9 ^u u4 ,b 9 actual life also x is ! /ay to :i* we mu/ resolutely cl+4 ,= ev5 ?\gh %e be rightly nam$ et]nal1 yet at c]ta9 p>ticul> mom5ts & appo9t$ hi/orical epo*s1 aft] be+ long look$ = 9 va91 %e (t5 appe>s 9 a f> diff]5t %ape f t :i* expectation _h l5t to h]1 & to our surprise /&s =? unexpect$ly 9 ! full maje/y & spl5dor ( f9al consummation4 ,all1 !n1 t n[ rema9s to be done 9 ?is way is1 9 ! case ( love 7s9ce ! e>?ly passion is = ! mo/ "p only transitory1 (t5 conf\nd$ ) ! phantom ( passion1 & is1 p]haps1 totally bl9d71 to po9t to a high] & bett] love1 :i* is abid+ & et]nal1 &1 at ! same "t1 endu$ bo? ) sight & k4 ,= su* alone c be ( real value = ! cognition ( tru?1 & ! "r und]/&+ ( life4 ,su* alone1 9 %ort1 c contribute to ! acquisition ( t sci5ce ( man1 & especially ( ! inn] man1 :i* we are "h 9 se>* (4 ,b n[ ^? ?ree pr9ciples :i* con/itute ! gr& h>mony ( t high] intellig5t feel+ :i* leads to sci5ce & also to religion1 are at ! same "t1 ?\gh 9 a less dignifi$ relation1 ! impell+ motives & rul+ influ5ces ( actual life4 ,= x is almo/ impossible to take "o /ep =w>d 9 life )\t "s feel+ or o!r ( tru/ & p]fect fai? 9 ! g5]al result4 ,all our proce$+s1 9 %ort1 are bas$ on "s confid5t assumption or o!r1 ev5 ?\gh x is "o :i*1 p]haps we c n ma!matically demon/rate1 & :i*1 :5 ! mom5t = action is press+ ^u u1 we are unable p]fectly to analyze4 ,& hope1 too1 9 "s %ape or =m1 is univ]sally ackn[l$g$ to be ! true mov+ impulse ( our :ole exi/5ce4 ,s1 also1 love ( "s k9d1 true or false--x may be pure & l(ty or mix$ & sordid1 if n altoge!r c\nt]feit--=ms ! v sum ( life & ( all enjoym5t ( x--ay1 ev5 life itself4 ,an example or two1 consequ5tly1 f ! ord9>y relations ( actual life1 w enable n s mu* to demon/rate1 inde$1 z r to rem9d y ( ! diff]5ce :i* subsi/s ev5 "h betwe5 a tru/ & confid5ce t is m]ely reason$ out by logical inf]5ce--a fai? ext]nally assum$1 & "o t is ! result ( p]sonal exp]i5ce & confid+ love4 ,?us rem9d+ y ( :at 9 ?is life is manife/ en\gh1 ,i hope to set mo/ di/9ctly be=e y\r eyes ! diff]5ce :i* subsi/s also 9 ! high] region ( fai?4 ,let u suppose ! case ( a fri5d dang]\sly ill or 9 a /ate ( extreme suff]+1 & we are 9 se>* ( a physician able to relieve & heal him4 ,"o is recomm5d$ to u ( great reputation = ext5sive k & ( a judgm5t /r5g!n$ by long exp]i5ce4 ,we are told t he has effect$ rem>kable cures1 t he has nev] be5 kn[n to lose a pati5t by neglect1 or by mi/ak+ 8 disease1 & t )al he is v k9d & extremely att5tive4 ,^!1 we are aw>e1 are great recomm5dations3 b he is a p]fect /rang] to u2 we feel a k9d ( res]ve & re/ra9t t[>d him--z yet he has n our p]fect confid5ce4 ,h[ v diff]5t is ! case :5 we ourselves h exp]i5c$ all ?is--:5 we ourselves h witness$ 8 compreh5sive view1 ! numb] & v>iety ( 8 rem$ies1 & ! p5etrat+ glance ( g5ius 9 ! mom5t ( dang]--:5 ) grateful recollection we feel t we mu/ ascribe to him ei!r ! pres]vation ( "s de> "o's life1 or our own unhop$-= re/oration to heal? & /r5g?6 ,su* is ! diff]5ce betwe5 a reason+ fai? on rational gr\nds & a p]sonal fai? bas$ on our own exp]i5ce & vivid conviction4 ,& 9 tru? ?is simile is n remote & f>-fet*$4 ,x comes v close1 inde$1 to ! matt] itself1 if only x be true t ! s\l is (t5 diseas$1 & t religion pres5ts to u no inexorable lawgiv] ( a rigid rule ( reason1 no /]n judge ( sev]e tru?1 b a wise physician t\*$ ) ! feel+ ( our infirmities1 & able to save to ! utt]mo/4 ,or let u take ano!r case1 :i* w g /ill m deeply & t\* m ne>ly ! v root ( ! social relations ( life4 ,an individual ( high rank1 z (t5 happ5s1 is ab\t to ent] into a la/+ union ) "o ( :om he p]sonally kn[s little1 if any ?+4 ,9 reg>d to rank & =tune1 ( agreeabl5ess ( p]son & mann]1 z well z accompli%m5ts1 n to say m5tal end[m5ts1 he has ! be/ & /ronge/ assurances4 ,b ! "* ( y\? is g5]ally undevelop$4 ,n only may all t is morally beautiful1 & e great & noble disposition1 lie !re91 b !re may also be slumb]+ )9 x ! viol5t elem5ts ( passion4 ,x is only ! full developm5t ( life & love t w exp& ! "o or ! o!r4 ,! "q1 !n1 = "o contemplat+ su* a union is1 c he h su* a confid5ce 9 ! "* & s5tim5ts z naturally ought to prec$e a union :i* is to la/ = life4 ,%e has receiv$ an excell5t education--%e enjoys a spotless reputation--h] :ole family /&s high 9 ! respect & e/eem ( m5--its fri5d%ip & society are e :]e s\ght & valu$1 n m]ely = its rank & /ation1 b also = its amiable qualities4 ,moreov]1 ano!r lady ( e/abli%$ "* = all t is good & e/imable1 has ! mo/ favorable op9ion ( h]1 honors h] ) h] fri5d%ip1 & loves h] z a y\ng] si/]1 or z h] own daught]4 ,all ^! consid]ations are1 p]haps1 suffici5t gr\nds & rational w>rant = an anticipatory confid5ce 9 su* a case4 ,b h[ widely remote & h[ diff]5t a feel+ is ?is f t deep tru/+ confid5ce :i* spr+s up aft] ! union--:i* a wife's conduct in/ils into a husb&'s he>t--:51 no long] captivat$ by m]e p]sonal *>ms1 b almo/ entirely =gett+ !m1 he r rejoices to notice & to contemplate ^? qualities ( ! inmo/ s\l1 :i*1 be+ mo/ cong5ial to 8 own ta/es & habits1 af=d him a sure prospect ( unbrok5 h>mony & felicity 9 ! rema9d] ( _! w$d$ life4 ,x is extremely difficult to lay d[n any g5]al rule by :i* 9 individual cases ! b\nd>y l9e may be drawn betwe5 a m]e reason+ fai?1 re/+ on ext]nal consid]ations1 & "o t is f\nd$ on p]sonal feel+ & exp]i5ce ( life1 9 its grave/ & mo/ decisive mom5ts4 ,v (t5 a confid5ce t 9 its orig9 0 q arbitr>ily tak5 up on a cold calculation ( reason1 w sudd5ly receive a full confirmation1 & pass into t pr(\nd] assurance :i* draws its /r5g? f our own feel+s & exp]i5ce4 ,& z x is 9 actual life1 s x is likewise 9 ! high] sph]e ( fai?4 ,9 matt]s ( religion1 & ( sci5ce also1 t :i* orig9ally 0 m]ely a belief ( ! cold & ab/ract reason is subsequ5tly trans=m$ by degrees into a pr(\nd fai?1 ris+ at la/ into an abid+ p]sonal feel+1 & ev5 a deep intuition ( liv+ tru?4 ,z a fir/ beg9n+1 !n1 & z ! f\ndation ( a bett]1 & z ! fir/ /ep ( a high] & full] developm5t1 a m]ely rational fai? requires to be treat$ ) respect & judg$ ( ) all due all[ance4 ,b :5 x is set up z p]fect & complete 9 itself1 & *all5g+ ! mo/ rigor\s requisitions ( sci5ce1 or :5 x is put =? z suffici5t 9 itself1 !n our decision mu/ be t ?is self-devis$ rational belief is only a sub/itute =1 & n fai? itself4 ,= ?is mu/ ev] be vivid & bas$ on an imm$iate p]sonal feel+1 & on ?is acc\nt full ( love1 & inde$ bo? f\nd$ ^u & proce$+ f out ( love4 ,prop]ly1 ! ?ree elem5ts ( high] life are insep>able2 & x is !re=e extremely difficult to prop\nd any inv>iable law apply+ to individual cases1 z to ! ord] 9 :i* ^! ?ree grades ( int]nal developm5t mu/ or ought always to succe$ "o ano!r4 ,ess5tially !y are "o & indissoluble4 ,z fai? & hope are bas$ ^u love1 s is love dep5d5t on bo? ! =m]2 & ?is is z true ( g5u9e love on e>? z x is ( t :i* lives 9 a high] doma94 ,if its fai? be ho/ilely di/urb$1 !n x loses its hope also1 & ! v root ( its exi/5ce4 ,if hope is entirely cut (f1 x does n1 inde$1 lose !reby fai? itself1 & its object1 b x preys on itself4 ,t 9 :i* all ^! ?ree grades ( feel+ are mo/ p]fectly unit$1 bl5d$1 & fus$ toge!r1 is en?usiasm4 ,all g5u9e en?usiasm is bas$ on "s exalt$ & elevat+ fai?2 x is a =m & species ( ! high] love1 & involves 9 itself a gr& & div9e hope4 ,& ?is is true ( g5u9e patriotism1 & ( arti/ic en?usiasm1 no less ?an ( ! religi\s1 :i* is mo/ ak9 to sci5tific1 especially z ! latt] 0 und]/ood by ! anci5ts1 & accord+ to ! place x held 9 ! ,platonic philosophy4 ,b ?\gh ?us comb9+ all ?ree1 en?usiasm is yet ess5tially di/+ui%$ f !m4 ,en?usiasm is only an elevat$ /ate ( ! consci\sness1 :i*1 al?\gh 9 capacity x admits ( be+ durable1 is g5]ally reg>d$ z transitory4 ,accord+ly1 x is ( a pass+ /ate t ! t]m is g5]ally und]/ood4 ,b ! ?ree degrees ( feel+s are elem5ts ( a p]man5tly exalt$ consci\sness--( ! m9d g5]ally1 9 its highe/ /ate4 ,& ?is is ev5 t triune liv+ consci\sness1 re/or$ aga9 to p]fect unity1 & to f]tile op]ation4 ,x is ev5 t to :i* ,i h be51 f ! comm5cem5t ( ^! ,lectures1 cont9ually allud+1 & especially 9 ! ass]tion t x is necess>y to pass f ! exi/+ /ate ( ! consci\sness--:i* is nei!r its fitt+ nor orig9al condition--) its f\r p>ts1 "o ( :i* is mo/ly divorc$ f ! re/ by its undue exagg]ation1 & to rev]t to its high] & liv+ con/itution2 :i* return ,i spoke ( z ! ess5tial condition ( true philosophy1 if n its v self4 ,n[1 if any %\ld desire to give "o common "n to ?is high]1 or1 r1 highe/1 /ate ( ! consci\sness1 inclusive ( its ?ree elem5ts1 & call x en?usiasm1 x w\ld be necess>y to add ! rem>k1 t ?is en?usiasm is absolutely "o1 univ]sal1 & ( ! highe/ k9d1 hav+ = its object ! div9e itself3 & t1 moreov]1 x is abid+ly p]man5t1 & at ! same "t reconcilable & ev5 really associat$ ) ! mo/ cle>-sight$ prud5ce4 ,"s su* a highly exalt$ & sublime conception ( true en?usiasm is to be met )1 &1 inde$1 pr$om9ates ?r\gh\t ! ,platonic philosophy4 ,s f>1 !re=e1 x might be said1 t ! ess5tial 9 ?is h>monic triad ,dreiklang ( ,*ri/ian s5tim5t 0 n :olly unkn[n to x1 ev5 ?\gh x knew no?+ ( ! ideas ( fai? & hope 9 ?is =m or direction4 ,compris+ all 9 "o1 x gave su* especial prom95ce to love z to make x by itself ! v basis ( sci5ce--( t sci5ce1 at lea/1 ( :i* alone !re c be any "q 9 ! pres5t place1 ! sci5ce ( ! inn] & high] life4 ,= x consid]$ su* a sci5ce z be+ simply a love :i* has arriv$ at intellig5ce1 & has !reby become firmly fix$1 &1 moreov]1 elevat$ to ! highe/ degree ( cle>ness & p]spicuity4 ,! relation 9 :i* ^! ?ree prop]ties /& to _s1 s\l1 & s5se--^? ?ree pr9ciples already m5tion$ ( ! consci\sness1 :5 9 its undivid$ p]fection x atta9s to a full1 vivid op]ation--is some:at ( ! foll[+ nature4 ,fai? is an act ( ! _s1 by :i* ! high] feel+1 be+ di/+ui%$ & sep>at$ f all t is n ess5tial1 & be+ purely & spiritually appreh5d$1 is set =? z an intellig5t feel+1 & consequ5tly z a judgm5t1 & 9 ?is light compris$ 9 an imp]i%able idea4 ,love is ! turn+ or direct+ ( ! :ole s\l t[>d ! high] & div9e1 t is1 ev5 to ,god ,himself4 ,hope1 h[ev]1 is ! new life :i* emanates f !m bo?1 & 9 :i* ! div9e ideas become actual & active2 or1 9 o!r words1 x is ! int]nal s5se & fruitful susceptibility = ! div9e idea & its en]gies & influ5ces4 ,n[1 ! next problem :i* prop]ly comes be=e u 9 ?is place ( our exposition ( ! human m9d1 & ( ! degree ( c]ta9ty :i* is atta9able by x1 is accurately to det]m9e & to indicate ! true intr9sic ess5ce ( sci5ce4 ,:at1 !n1 is x to "k8 ,h[ is x br\ght ab\t & accompli%$8 ,9 ! next place1 x w be necess>y to expla9 ! orig9 ( error1 :i* is ev] oppos+ sci5ce1 (t5 imp]ceptibly delud+ or und]m9+ & de/roy+ our convictions4 ,?is w1 !n1 enable u to solve ! que/ions & difficulties sugge/$ by d\bt 9 g5]al1 aft] we h once asc]ta9$ ! place :i* is to be assign$ to x 9 ! human m9d4 ,& ?us we %all at la/ be able to det]m9e completely1 precisely1 & satisfactorily1 ! relation 9 :i* fai? & en?usiasm1 love & revelation1 /& to sci5ce4 ,n[1 9 ord] to arrive at a full idea ( sci5ce1 x w be ess5tial to di/+ui% its sev]al elem5ts--und]/&+ & g5]alization ,begreif51 & also disc]nm5t--! diff]5t =ms1 too1 ( ?9k+--! necess>y 9 reason1 ! possible 9 fancy1 z well z ! sci5tific cogitation ( :at is actual4 ,b be=e ent]+ on ?is field ( our labors1 ,i w\ld premise "o g5]al rem>k4 ,x ref]s to ! nature ( t c]ta9ty :i* we h to look = & may expect 9 philosophy1 accord+ to ! idea ( x :i* we h made ! basis ( our speculations1 z be+ ! noble/ & highe/ manife/ation ( man's desire ( k4 ,& "h ! exam9ation ( ! words ( a great & fam\s ?9k]1 ) reg>d to 8 own sy/em1 w be/ s]ve me = ! introduction & exposition ( my own views4 ,! sy/em ( ,sp9osa--= ,i allude to him--is1 x is true1 9 ill repute = its obscur5ess & un9telligibility4 ,! rem>k1 h[ev]1 to :i* ,i ref]1 is :olly unconnect$ ) 8 sy/em4 ,x is an e/imate ( 8 own k1 & is q cle> & intelligible to all1 z e "o w admit :5 ,i come to quote ! words4 ,&1 p]haps1 ! obscurity ( 8 sy/em arises *iefly f ! matt]1 & ! position tak5 up1 r ?an f ! au?or's me?od1 & ! =m ( exposition4 ,=1 if only we c once br+ ourselves to all[ t ! ma!matical me?od is suitable to philosophy1 we mu/ pron\nce ,sp9osa's /yle mo/ excell5t4 ,x is1 9 fact1 rem>kable1 n only = ! rigor & precision ( its def9itions & pro(s1 b also = ! /ructure ( its s5t5ces & g5]al composition1 s f> z excell5ce 0 atta9able 9 ! mod]n ,lat9 ( ! s*ools1 to :i*1 h[ev]1 ,sp9osa has succe$$ 9 giv+ a wond]ful ev5ness & uni=mity ( expression1 hav+ h&l$ x ) a facility nev] be=e p>allel$4 ,z to ! sy/em itself1 & ! rank :i*1 accord+ to ! position "h assum$ = ! philosophy ( life1 ought to be assign$ to x1 x w h>dly be necess>y to ent] into a p>ticul> review4 ,g5]ally we h already express$ our op9ion1 & ! judgm5t we %\ld pass ^u x may be d$uc$ f ! rem>ks :i* ,i =m]ly made :5 di/+ui%+ betwe5 ! two directions or views :i*1 9 its se>* aft] tru?1 pres5t !mselves to ! reflect+ m9d = its *oice betwe5 fai? or d\bt4 ,"o ( ^! views ( ! _w & ?+s is bas$ on ! idea ( ! liv+ triune ,god1 :om fai? embraces1 love desires1 & 9 :om all our hopes are c5t]$4 ,n[1 ?is hypo!sis implies1 by a necess>y & inevitable consequ5ce1 t ! _w is n self-exi/5t1 b1 z we h all be5 taught1 _h a beg9n+1 hav+ be5 creat$ by ,god out ( no?+4 ,accord+ to ! o!r !ory 7& to "o ( ^! e pr(\nd & truly sci5tific sy/em ( philosophy mu/ 9 its ess5tial pr9ciples belong71 ! _w _h n a beg9n+1 b is et]nal1 be+ "o ) ,god--or1 inde$1 speak+ absolutely1 all is "o1 & necess>y ?\ght & necess>y exi/5ce are n prop]ly & ess5tially di/9ct1 b only s _m diff]5t =ms or aspects ( ! "o et]nal & necess>y ess5ce4 ,n[1 ( ! latt] sy/em1 accord+ to ! op9ion ( all compet5t judges1 ei!r ( 8 own or our times1 ! "w ( ,sp9osa is ! able/ & mo/ consi/5t exposition t sci5ce has ev] yet produc$4 ,b betwe5 ^! two sy/ems & views ( ! univ]se1 ! philosophy ( life c n long hesitate4 ,seek+ to arrive at a cle> insight into all t is div9e1 s f> z x is traceable )9 ! high] life & inw>d consci\sness1 & adopt+ & reg>d+ x z an imp>t$ fact ( an int]nal1 no less ?an ( an ext]nal revelation1 %e c n be at a loss to decide betwe5 fai? 9 a liv+ ,god & t idea ( "o necess>y ess5ce :i* is at ! same "t bo? ,god & ! _w--an idea :i*1 mak+ ?\ght & be+ id5tical1 proce$s to give to all else correspond5t arbitr>y def9itions4 ,inde$1 ! "q c h>dly arise = ! philosophy ( life1 or if x does1 x may at once set x aside4 ,n[1 ?is g5]al obs]vation on all su* sy/ems ( necessity implies1 ( c\rse1 ! condemnation ( t ( ?is great & fam\s ?9k]4 ,x too mu/ be at once reject$ z fundam5tally false4 ,su* a c5sure1 h[ev]1 does n involve any ?+ ( p]sonal vitup]ation4 ,all su* feel+s ne$ n to be mix$ up ) x4 ,=1 9 tru?1 x (t5 happ5s t ! greate/ & mo/ ri*ly end[$ m9ds1 & ! mo/ s+le & /raight=w>d *>act]s1 if !y once take a wrong direction1 fall into ! pr(\nde/1 or1 z !y h be5 t]m$1 ! mo/ viol5t errors4 ,b 9 e case x is b equitable to make a di/9ction betwe5 ! au?or & 8 sy/em1 h[ev] sev]e may be ! judgm5t we pass on ! latt]4 ,9 ! case ( ,sp9osa1 too1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d t he 0 by bir? & education a ,jew4 ,z su*1 he 0 n only )\t ! pale ( ,*ri/ianity1 b ev5 reg>d$ x ) /rong national prejudices4 ,if1 !re=e1 8 sy/em is n consi/5t ) ! tru?s ( religion1 or1 r1 if x ev5 viol5tly cla%es ) !m1 he is sc>cely obnoxi\s to repro(4 ,at lea/1 he is n half s mu* op5 to c5sure z ^? :o1 n hav+ ?is palliation to urge1 assume a ho/ile position t[>d religion1 :ile _! animosity is n reliev$ by any spl5dor ( great tal5ts1 b m>k$ ?r\gh\t by ! meanness & n>r[ness ( _! views & ! ord9>y "* ( _! sci5tific !ory & sy/em4 ,! expression ( ?is great ?9k] to :i* ,i h allud$1 relates to 8 own self & ! object he _h 9 view by 8 lit]>y labors--to 8 "w1 9 %ort1 or sy/em4 ,x is conta9$ 9 a lett] to "o ( 8 mo/ intimate fri5ds1 & runs z foll[s3 8,:e!r my philosophy be ! v be/1 ,i "k n2 at lea/ ,i d n wi% to decide t po9t2 t1 h[ev]1 ,i h discov]$ ! true philosophy1 ,i h n ! lea/ d\bt40 ,all ?is s\nds mode/ly en\gh2 & 9 all probability x expresses 8 real s5tim5ts & op9ion4 ,x sets up1 h[ev]1 a pret5sion :i* ,i c n by any means admit4 ,sp9osa "h takes ! t]m philosophy 9 a diff]5t s5se f its old & orig9al signification4 ,among ! ,greeks1 ! ,sophi/s alone d]iv$ _! "n f a pret5sion to p]fect wisdom & sci5ce4 ,b ! foll[]s ( a true wisdom1 f ,socrates's "t at lea/1 expla9$ philosophy to be :at its "n imports--a desire ( ! highe/ k1 & a pursuit ( div9e tru?4 ,& ?is is ! ess5tial po9t :i*1 involv+ a total diff]5ce ( op9ion1 has divid$ ! m9ds ( m5 ?r\gh c5turies & t5s ( c5turies1 & is z yet f> f hav+ atta9$ to a satisfactory solution4 ,& h]e9 ! ,socratic idea ( philosophy1 :i* is also my own1 receives a species ( hi/orical confirmation :i* t o!r ma!matical notion ( x /&s /ill 9 ne$ (4 ,b to return to our au?or4 ,by philosophy1 z inde$ is cle> f 8 v sy/em1 he und]/&s a p]fect sci5ce & absolute tru?4 ,n[ ?is p]fection ( k does n1 x is true1 pret5d to ext5d to & embrace all individualities4 ,/ill x is at lea/ int5sively an omnisci5ce--:i* by ! fur!r developm5t & expansion ( :at x possesses )9 itself unevolv$1 w\ld 9 its ext]nal compreh5siv5ess embrace e p>ticul> case4 ,& c su* inf9ite k & omnisci5ce be ascrib$ to any o!r be+ ?an ,god8 ,if we at once ackn[l$g$ ?is1 x w\ld surely be m agreeable to tru? to consid] man 9 ?is life z be+ m]ely 9 a prep>atory /ate1 :]e at mo/ x is p]mitt$ him1 /ep by /ep1 to approximate /ill ne>] to ! height ( k4 ,if t degree ( k :i* is conc$$ to & is atta9able by man1 really suffices = ! wants ( life1 we might1 or1 r1 to speak m prop]ly1 we mu/ be cont5t ) x4 ,probably ev5 t :i* x is all[$ to man to rea*1 has nev] yet be5 actually atta9$ to by any individual4 ,& :y 9 any case are we unwill+ to wait1 if1 z x und\bt$ly rema9s =ev] c]ta91 t :5 ?is p]iod ( prep>ation %all h clos$ 9 t et]nity :i* is really life1 man w 9 "o way or ano!r arrive at p]fect c]ta9ty & cle>ness ( insight into ! nature ( himself1 ! _w1 & ! ,deity1 & w also fully und]/& ! n[ inscrutable relation ( ,god to man & ! univ]se8 ,n[1 :ile we reg>d ! la/ half ( ! judgm5t :i* ?is great ?9k] has pass$ ^u himself1 z a pure self-delusion naturally aris+ f1 &1 inde$1 closely connect$ )1 8 :ole sy/em1 we mu/ also qualify ! fir/ half1 & subject x to _m ess5tial limitations4 ,! be/ philosophy t ( ,sp9osa mo/ assur$ly c n be call$1 & ?is = two reasons4 ,on ! "o h& x sets out ) ! pursuit ( ma!matical c]ta9ty & precision--an end n atta9able 9 ?is bran* ( human inquiry2 on ! o!r1 x comm5ces ) a pr9ciple fundam5tally false1 />t+ f ! imag9>y notion ( absolute necessity z ! orig9al fir/ & la/ illusion ( ! reason4 ,bett]1 h[ev]1 x mo/ unque/ionably is ?an _m o!rs1 :i*1 no less false1 are ) _! sup]ficial dullness1 _! half compromise & jumble ( inconsi/5t pr9ciples1 /ill m p]nici\s4 ,viol5t errors1 to use an old phrase1 are ^? :i* s]ve to give a new impulse to sci5ce1 & ar\s+ x f its /ation>y po9t ( imp]fect developm5t1 excite x to advance "o /ep ne>] to ! tru?4 ,!y s]ve to accel]ate a :ole crisis ( movem5t & transition4 ,9 ?is respect1 accord+ly1 a sy/em ( philosophy :i* is f> f good 9 itself1 may1 nev]!less1 be pron\nc$ good 9 a relative s5se4 ,9 o!r words1 x is "o ! /udy ( :i* may occasionally prove salut>y & pr(itable4 ,x w b5efit ^? individuals1 or ev5 a :ole nation or age1 :o are 9 ! v crisis ( transition1 & capable ( dige/+ su* /rong meat1 are heal?y en\gh to elaborate su* a sy/em ( error into ! s\nd elem5ts ( tru?4 ,t ?is op9ion is by no means unduly l5i5t1 or ov]tol]ant1 b t its ju/ice is n unsupport$ by hi/orical exp]i5ce1 is prov$ by ! hi/ory ( our national philosophy 9 ^! lat] days4 ,?us1 on ! ,g]man philosophy ( nature1 9 ! fir/ /age at lea/ ( its developm5t1 ! sy/em ( ,sp9osa ex]cis$ a great & decid$ influ5ce1 :i*1 h[ev]1 has n[ altoge!r ceas$4 ,all ! mo/ orig9al1 too1 ( our ?9k]s1 :e!r !y belong$ to ! old] or lat] s*ools1 :o /ood alo( f all sy/em or p>ty1 h also paid 8 works great att5tion4 ,= ?is !y rivet$ by _! wond]ful simplicity & rigor ( consequ5ce1 & _! l(t9ess ( sci5tific ?\ght1 ev5 :ile !y fail$ to w9 a g5]al1 mu* less a complete adhesion to 8 !ory4 ,b ?is feel+ is quickly fad+ away4 ,a great int]nal victory has be5 ga9$ ov] its s$uctive *>ms1 :i* is ( ine/imable importance to ! cause ( tru?4 ,x is fa/ quitt+ ! field ( human ?\ght & inquiry2 & if x /ill holds its place 9 a few m9ds1 x =ms !re alone ! la/ rema9+ ob/acle to ! complete triumph ( ! sci5ce ( life & revelation--! la/ l+]+ mi/ ( m5tal d>kness & demoniacal illusion be=e ! ris+ sun ( a newly break+ day4 ,x may p]haps appe> inappropriate1 & inde$ highly objectionable1 to h spok5 ( a p]nici\s sy/em ( metaphysical error be=e su* an audi5ce z ! pres5t1 especially z f ! fir/ ,i express$ my unwill+ness to ent] at l>ge into its details4 ,b ,i h1 ,i ?9k1 a full & complete ju/ification4 ,a v simil>1 or1 r1 ! same view ( ! _w & ?+s z t :i* x prop\nds1 & ^: ess5tial peculi>ities ,i h1 ,i ?9k1 correctly *>act]iz$ z "o ( ! lead+ bran*es ( human error1 /ill prevails1 & is n conf9$ 9 its manife/ations to a metaphysical =m4 ,x meets u e :]e 9 /ill m accessible & highly-attractive %apes--9 e =m & dim5sion--9 ! int]e/+ b simple tale1 & 9 ! magic creation ( poetical pan!ism4 ,& s9ce s _m poets & o!r popul> writ]s are a k9d ( half or :ole1 consci\s or unconsci\s1 ,sp9osi/s--to use ?is "n 9 a wide & g5]al s5se--x w\ld be to affect an unscrupul\s delicacy1 :i* w\ld nei!r be 9 measure nor 9 season1 7 ,i to ab/a9 f all notice ( :at is o!rwise s notori\s4 ,if ! philosophy ( div9e exp]i5ce1 ) its totally diff]5t =m & _s1 7 b c>ri$ out z p]fectly & completely z ?is sil5tly-reign+ sy/em ( rationalism1 ) its consi/5cy ( error1 !n %\ld we at la/ be able fully to compreh5d1 &1 to our great amazem5t1 disc]n all t is meant by ?is its dang]\s rival1 & h[ v mu* x involves4 ,my object has n be5 to make a polemical attack1 & to give a complete refutation ( ?is sy/em4 ,su* a design nei!r lay )9 my prescrib$ limits1 nor c\ld x be o!r ?an useless & sup]flu\s 9 a philosophy :i* took its position f life1 & especially ! inn] & high] life4 ,:at ,i _h *iefly 9 view 01 to e/abli% a precise & rigor\s di/9ction betwe5 ! ,socratic notion ( philosophy1 z a gradual approximation to et]nal tru? & ! fir/ sci5ce1 & t false ma!matical conception ( x :i* sets up a claim to absolute k1 & by a rigid obs]vance ( sy/em1 pret5ds to ! atta9m5t ( omnisci5ce4 ,& ?is 0 a di/9ction :i*1 bo? f p]sonal consid]ations & ) reg>d to ! pres5t und]tak+1 x 0 incumb5t on me to insi/ ^u1 9 ord] to avoid ! slighte/ misconception4 ,hav+ myself long s9ce recogniz$ ! ?ree categories ( an elevat$ consci\sness--fai?1 hope1 & love--to be also ! ess5tial elem5ts & prim>y f\ndation ( all high] ?\ght & k1 s f> at lea/ z ! latt]1 hav+ life = its matt] & subject1 mu/ take life = its />t+-po9t & f\ndation1 ,i h !re=e publicly advanc$ ?is doctr9e4 ,/ill1 no?+ c\ld be m =eign to my :ole mode ( ?9k+ & feel+1 or s directly oppos$ to x1 z ! design ( =c+ adhesion to my !ory ( fai?1 hope1 & love1 by ! might ( logical demon/ration1 or ev5 ! ?\ght ( con/ra9+1 by ! weapons ( sci5ce1 ! convictions ( any "o4 ,nay1 ev5 if ,i 7 gift$ ) magic p[]s ( p]suasion & irresi/ible eloqu5ce1 s z to be able to w9 ! :ole _w ov] to my own way ( ?9k+1 or1 r1 conviction on ^! matt]s1 /ill ,i %\ld h no wi% to accompli% su* a g5]al concurr5ce 9 ?is mann]4 ,su* a me?od w\ld n be appropriate to ?is doma9 ( philosophy1 &1 above all1 x w\ld n be ! true & "r "o2 = philosophy mu/ ev] be ! fruit ( "o's own p]sonal reflection1 & inv>iably spr+ f an imm$iate feel+ ( a want & defect )91 o!rwise x c sc>cely exi/ 9 reality4 ,all tea*+1 !re=e1 or communication ( philosophy1 has prop]ly no o!r end & aim ?an to furni% a vivid impulse to self-reflection4 ,beyond ?is x c only s]ve to sugge/ ! limits ( a "r & lawful ex]cise ( su* m$itation1 &1 by po9t+ out ! road t leads mo/ directly to ?is end1 to w>n aga9/ ! devi\s by-ways ( error :i* bran* out f x at e po9t ( its pa?4 ,e "o :o is 9 e>ne/ 9 ! pursuit ( tru? has1 moreov]1 already )9 himself a pr9ciple ,anfang ( fai?1 hope1 & love1 9 "s %ape or o!r1 & n m]ely a pr9ciple1 b a v sy/em ( !m1 ev5 ?\gh x d n always manife/ itself exactly 9 a sci5tific =m4 ,if e "o :o 9 any degree l5ds a sympa?iz+ e> to my pres5t disc\rses feels himself 9 any degree confirm$ by !m 9 t pr9ciple ( a high] fai? & love t is z yet 9 any degree develop$ 9 him--if he feels himself mov$ by !m to /ill m l(ty aspirations aft] ! highe/ end ( hope--if :at to him is ! c5t] ( love & life has be5 m fully & m cle>ly evolv$ by !m--if 8 ?\ghts h tak5 f !m a cle>] & m di/9ct ord] & arrangem5t1 !n w ! fir/ wi% & pr9cipal object ( my pres5t labors be p]fectly realiz$1 & atta9 to _! fulle/ & complete/ gratification4 ,we w\ld1 !re=e1 = our p>ts1 remit to ,god & ! future all prop]ly unconditional & absolute k4 ,=1 irrespectively ( ! delusive phantom ( a pret5d$ ma!matical me?od & rigor ( demon/ration1 :i* is bo? fundam5tally false1 &1 moreov]1 totally inapplicable to ! pres5t sph]e ( inquiry1 su* an absolute sci5ce1 m]ely z claim+ to be positive1 tr5*es ultimately on omnisci5ce4 ,we !re=e pref] mode/ly to acquiesce 9 pret5sions m suitable to man's position 9 ! _w4 ,if1 !re=e1 we conf9e ourselves )9 ! prescrib$ limits1 & are cont5t ) a gradually b /eadily advanc+ approximation to p]fect tru?1 z x is 9 ,god1 we %all soon f9d t ev5 )9 ^! b\nd>ies a legitimate idea ( sci5ce may be set up & advanc$4 ,& ?is sci5ce1 x w quickly appe>1 n only conta9s )9 x a /able f\ndation ( irrefragable c]ta9ty1 suffici5t = all ! wants & requisitions ( life1 b also op5s a wide space = ! fur!r ex]cise & developm5t ( all "t1 ?\ght1 & cognition1 & ! mo/ ample field = all g5u9e spiritual hopes & pure wi%es ( a high] nature4 ,9 its free developm5t x is by no means subject to ! n>r[ limits ( e>?2 :ile1 z re/+ on ! firm basis ( exp]i5ce1 x is little affect$ by d\bt1 :i*1 ?\gh pli$ ) all its acut5ess & ) its endless ref9em5ts to ! v height ( subtilty1 %all nev] und]m9e or ess5tially injure x4 ,i said an idea ,idee ( sci5ce4 ,i did n employ ! t]m notion ,begriff1 z 9 ! case ( ! consci\sness2 = ! latt]1 9 all its complet5ess1 is giv5 to u by int]nal exp]i5ce & ! obs]vation ( our own m9ds4 ,9 ! case ( ! consci\sness1 consequ5tly1 ! only po9t is to set x =? 9 a well-ord]$ & fully compreh5sive t]m1 z completely z x is reveal$ to u 9 reality4 ,b ( sci5ce !re c n be m ?an "o idea4 ,an ideal /&>d may be set up to guide u 9 our attempts to atta9 to x1 & to indicate ! degree1 measure1 & me?od ( its possible acquisition4 ,& ?is idea & /&>d c only be d]iv$ f ! highe/ idea ( all--t ( ,god1 :o is ! et]nal tru? itself4 ,x is ?i!r t x mu/ g1 z to its fir/ s\rce4 ,n[ ?is idea ( sci5ce1 aft] ! complete notion ( ! consci\sness :i* ,i h already e/abli%$1 is ! second result to :i* our inquiries h br\ght u4 ,x is ! second /ep ( progress 9 our pres5t developm5t ( ?\ght4 ,n[ ?is idea ( sci5ce1 :i* po9ts to x z possible & actually atta9able1 & :i* also 9 fact leads u to x1 re/s on two assumptions4 ,x implies1 9 ! fir/ place1 t man mu/ cont9ually advance to a full] und]/&+ ( a giv5 tru?1 &1 hav+ ! capacity1 is also able to d s1 if only he has a real & abid+ wi% = x4 ,h[1 inde$1 c x 9 g5]al be d\bt$1 t we are n absolutely incapable ( und]/&+ any giv5 tru?1 :5 ! v fact ( its be+ giv5 implies x 9 "s degree at lea/1 h[ev] limit$1 & :5 ! v appreh5sion ( ! giv5 matt]s =ms a beg9n+1 x may be a v imp]fect "o1 ( und]/&+8 ,b1 9 ! second place1 ! idea ( an actually atta9able sci5ce re/s on ! assumption t we are 9 a condition to recognize z su*1 & 9 its true light1 ! error :i* spr+s up e :]e 9 ! human m9d1 & by s do+ to emancipate ourselves1 if n f e trace ( its =m] influ5ce1 yet1 at lea/1 f its absolute dom9ion & tyranny4 ,& s9ce 9 ?is field ( human errors we are at lea/ at home1 !re c be no ob/acle to our tak+ a full & complete survey ( !m1 & tak+ ! exact measure ( _! %all[ness4 ,?is requisition1 z well z ! possibility ( its accompli%m5t1 is fundam5tally involv$ 9 t old ,grecian maxim1 8,"k ?yself10 :5 int]pret$ 9 its m sci5tific s5se4 ,& 9 tru? !re is no gr\nd to d\bt its possibility1 if only a firm foot+--! ( ,ar*im$es--c be f\nd = u out ( ourselves & ( ! ord9>y /ate ( ! human consci\sness4 ,& su* a /able po9t is actually f\nd & provid$ = u 9 ! revelation ( a high] tru? ?an man's4 ,t a recognition ( error z su* is possible1 & !reby ! emancipation ( ! m9d f its slav]y may be facilitat$1 w be be/ & mo/ cle>ly evid5c$ by actual exp]im5t4 ,we mu/1 !n1 try to assign to ea* s+le faculty ( ! consci\sness1 9 its pres5t degrad$ & di/ract$ /ate1 ! ess5tial sci5tific error :i* peculi>ly cl+s to & besets its ex]cise1 or at lea/ to po9t out ! t5d5cy !reto :i* is deeply root$ !re94 ,& su* an exp]im5t may be made successfully1 if we take up our position 9 ! high po9t ( view furni%$ by a consci\sness re/or$ aga9 to unity & h>mony 9 ,god4 ,n[1 f ?is po9t ( view x is1 no d\bt1 impossible1 z we h already rem>k$1 to assume or conc$e ! exi/5ce ( innate ideas--at lea/1 n 9 ! usual & lit]al s5se4 ,innate errors1 h[ev]1 may well naturally be assum$ to exi/ 9 ! fir/ degrad$ /ate ( ! human m9d4 ,n1 inde$1 t !re rules 9 !m any bl9d inevitable necessity1 b1 r1 a false t5d5cy--an evil habit become a second nature--:i* is only 9 appe>ance an orig9al imp]fection4 ,& su* h be5 (t5 en\gh recogniz$ 9 ! illusions ( imag9ation & ! n>r[ limits ( ! reason2 only ! recognition has n be5 complete & total en\gh1 &1 consequ5tly1 n suffici5tly explanatory4 ,inde$1 ! notion ( sci5tific error1 z innate 9 ! human m9d1 mu/ be tak5 exactly 9 ! same light z ! moral weakness & frailty ( man 9 8 pres5t condition--z be+1 9 %ort1 peculi> to ! :ole race1 & transmitt$1 z an inh]itance1 f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,n[1 to ! k ( error1 z su*1 is oppos$ ! recognition ( tru?--! high]1 t is1 div9ely reveal$ tru?4 ,& ?is p]ception x is t furni%es ! /able po9t ( intr9sic c]ta9ty to e species & =m ( human cognition4 ,b "h ! "q might arise naturally en\gh3 ,h[ c man recognize a tru?1 :i*1 nev]!less1 is reveal$ to him f )\t1 mak+ himself !reby1 z x 71 at once its ma/] & its judge8 ,h[1 9 o!r words1 c he1 z x 71 "k aga9 t :i* is n[ fir/ giv5 to him1 & :i* previ\sly he 0 n 9 possession (4 ,9 ?is matt] ! case /&s almo/ exactly ! same z x does ) innate ideas1 :i* are n to be und]/ood lit]ally z involv+ ! hypo!sis ( a pre-exi/5ce ( ! s\l--& z x does ) t et]nal memory :i*1 z connect$ ) ! !ory ( innate ideas1 rightly & m correctly int]pret$1 is bo? ju/ifiable & t5able4 ,if man is to be decl>$ totally incapable ( ?is recognition ( div9e tru?1 !n mu/ he be fir/ /ripp$ ( all ! high pr]ogatives :i* ! ,almighty has be/[$ ^u him above ! re/ ( ! natural creation4 ,! v la/ trace & ve/ige ( ! div9e image t is 9 him mu/ be eras$ & de/roy$4 ,among ^! end[m5ts1 t :i* we may well call ! dang]\s privilege ( free w holds nei!r ! la/ nor ! l[e/ place4 ,god creat$ man free1 & free he is ev5 9 8 relation to ,god4 ,x is left to man's *oice1 :e!r he w or n ackn[l$ge ! ,deity above him4 ,b ?is be+ ! case1 ?is free & uncon/ra9$ ackn[l$gm5t1 s f> z ! *oice is rightly made1 by no means involves any exaltation ( man's judgm5t above ! law ( ,god4 ,on ! contr>y1 x is no?+ m ?an a free & volunt>y ass5t to ! div9e4 ,h[ev]1 x is ! inw>d exp]i5ce t we h "h to consid]4 ,= ! facts & ext]nal data ( m]e exp]im5tal sci5ces c only s f> belong to our pres5t consid]ation1 z !y be> ^u ! inn] exp]i5ce ( ! consci\sness & ! k ( human nature--z well ^u t m exalt$ exp]i5ce 7:i* is inde$ conta9$ 9 ! =m]7 ( a high] de/9ation import$ & ann\nc$ to man by ,god4 ,& ?is is ! case ) hi/ory or language4 ,x is exactly 9 ?is relation t a sci5tific k ( ei!r /&s to our pres5t subject4 ,b n only language1 b e object also 9 ! :ole doma9 ( human inquiry--9 ! va/ realms ( art & nature--belongs !reto1 or may be made a "p ( x1 if only x /&s 9 or admits ( be+ br\ght into ?is relation to ! inw>d & high] exp]i5ce4 ,n[ ?is und]/&+ ( ! tru? t is above man1 :i* is ev] gr[+ 9 cle>ness & brightness--?is p]fect recognition ( :atev] is errone\s & false--?is ev]-advanc+ compreh5sion ( ! actual1 s f> z ! latt] lies )9 its limits1 =m ! ?ree grades or sph]es ( sci5ce :i*1 ev5 accord+ to ?is idea ( x1 may unque/ionably be reg>d$ z possible1 & f\nd$ also on ! actual & real4 ,! latt] is an important po9t2 z to all else1 ! diff]5t ways1 me?ods1 & directions ( ?\ght belong to ! outw>d =m1 r ?an to ! intr9sic ess5ce ( sci5ce4 ,ess5tially1 !re is b "o law & /&>d = all ways & modes ( ?9k+4 ,! necess>y ?\ght ( ! reason1 ) its /rict logical concat5ation1 no less ?an ! possible ?9k+ ( ! sci5tific imag9ation1 ) its g5]ally symbolical dress1 mu/1 if x w\ld n lapse into error1 & become ultimately null & va91 adh]e to ! actual & real1 & /& & ma9ta9 itself on ! firm soil ( exp]i5ce4 ,x is only :5 ! necess>y cogitation sets out f reality t x is truly necess>y2 & 9 l mann] is x ) ! possible4 ,if x does n re/ on ! firm basis ( ! actual1 x is n really possible & actually atta9able4 ,)\t ?is intr9sic gravity & po9t ( re/1 ! ma!matical me?od1 ) its pret5d$ rigor ( demon/ration1 no less ?an ! mo/ +5i\s b arbitr>y hypo!ses1 are p]petually oscillat+ ?r\gh ! wide realms ( inf9ite space--l pure fictions--n1 h[ev]1 l good fictions bas$ on realities1 = su* (t5 possess a deep & pr(\nd significance1 b l ?or\ghly unmean+ & aimless figm5ts1 & unsub/antial phantasms4 ,aga9/ ! intr9sic reality ( ! m9d's exp]i5ce & its sci5ce1 :i* is built ^u ?is f\ndation ( a recognition & und]/&+ ( :at is reveal$ & imp>t$ to x1 ( an ackn[l$gm5t ( :at is spuri\s & false1 & ( a compreh5sion ( ! actual & real1 all ! d\bts ( skepticism avail little1 or1 prop]ly speak+1 no?+4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we set out f ! unconditional sci5ce ( reason1 hold+ x & consid]+ x really to be su*1 !n !re is no long] any safegu>d to keep u f fall+ headlong into ! bottomless abyss ( endless d\bt4 ,9 su* a case1 ! human m9d may = a "t be lull$ into a calm1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is any ?+ b a true & p]fect s]5ity4 ,betwe5 t arbitr>y fai? :i* is ! m]e creation ( ! reason1 & devis$ = ! express purpose ( fill+ ! pr(\nd void :i* man mu/ feel s long z 8 heav5w>d aspirations are unsatisfi$1 & ! endless d\bts ( 8 intellect1 !re is at be/ b a tempor>y & pass+ truce3 x is no true peace4 ,x is l "s 8,concordat10 :i*1 effect$ ) ! greate/ difficulty1 & ev] on ! po9t ( be+ dissolv$ by ! mutual jeal\sy ( ! contract+ p>ties to x1 does b leave ea* memb] to foll[ 8 own devices1 s long z he engages to ab/a9 f all ho/ile int]f]5ce ) ! o!r4 ,9 su* a case1 a complete & h>moni\s co-op]ation ( ! m9d's hi!rto divid$ & e/rang$ faculties is n = a mom5t to be ?\ght (4 ,t1 h[ev]1 mu/ be s\ght by a v diff]5t pa?4 ,,lecture ,,viii4 ,9 ! doma9 ( art x is an old & e/abli%$ op9ion1 n only t a peculi> g5ius is requir$ = its orig9al creations1 b also a special s5se or feel+ is indisp5sable = a correct appreciation & e/imate ( ! works produc$ by ! =m]4 ,inde$1 we c h>dly call x an op9ion2 its validity is s univ]sally ackn[l$g$1 t x is act$ ^u z a pr9ciple4 ,9 ! same way ! ,platonic philosophy assumes = its f\ndation an en?usia/ic aspiration aft] div9e tru? & a high] k ( x4 ,moreov]1 z x sets out f a consci\sness elevat$ & exp&$ by en?usiasm1 s x looks to ! same = access & adoption4 ,& ?is is ! s\rce ( t aff9ity betwe5 ?is species ( philosophy & an arti/ic en?usiasm :i* is traceable 9 all ages & nations1 h[ev] widely diff]5t 9 ! g5]al "* ( _! m9ds1 among :om ! =m] has 9 any degree manife/$ itself1 assum+1 e :]e1 if n ! %ape ( dialogue1 yet "s o!r equally beautiful =m ( exposition4 ,h5ce1 too1 s f>1 at lea/1 z ?is is possible 9 ! doma9 ( sci5ce1 ! po9t ( view ( ?is philosophy is pr$om9antly arti/ic4 ,! m1 !n1 t 9 mod]n days1 & especially among ,g]man writ]s1 ! s*ool =m has become preval5t 9 sci5ce g5]ally1 & especially 9 philosophy1 ! great] is ! m]it ( ^? :o h /riv5 to give to philosophy ?is arti/ic elegance & /ructure1 or1 at lea/1 to pres]ve x & re/ore x to favor4 ,& ev5 if any be dispos$ to set less value ^u ?is arti/ic grace & en?usiasm = ! beautiful 9 philosophy ?an1 9 my op9ion1 is due to x1 !y mu/1 at lea/1 admit t x t5ds to promote a m lib]al & compreh5sive culture ( ! m9d4 ,on ?is acc\nt x is surely to be def5d$1 & des]ves our mo/ favorable judgm5t4 ,?is rem>k does n apply1 exclusively1 to our own ,g]man lit]ature & culture1 & t devotion to ! arts ( ! beautiful :i* is s peculi> to our c\ntrym52 x has a g5]al ref]5ce to all mod]n nations4 ,a m arti/ic feel+ is a univ]sal want ( ! times to c\nt]act ! prevail+ s*ool =m1 & ! prepond]at+ ma!matical view ( ! _w1 or1 at lea/1 a pr$om9antly ma!matical ca/ ( m9d4 ,accord+ly1 ,hem/]huys1 :o1 9 philosophy1 adopt$ a view simil> to1 if n id5tical )1 ! ,platonic1 ?\gh writ+ 9 ! ,fr5* language1 :i* 0 n 8 v]nacul> tongue1 has labor$ ) a ma/]ly h& to give to 8 /yle ! exquisite beauty ( art4 ,b /ill1 not)/&+ ?is common aff9ity & en?usiasm = ! beautiful1 a di/9ction exi/s1 & mu/ ev] rema91 betwe5 ! sci5tific notion ( beauty & ! m]e arti/ic conception ( x1 & t fanciful view ( ! _w & ?+s :i* is d]iv$ f & dep5d5t on x4 ,=1 accord+ to ! latt]1 ! highe/ beauty is to ! poet & arti/ no?+ less ?an ! height ( tru?1 z1 inde$1 x really is ( poetic & arti/ic tru?4 ,b1 to ! view ( sci5ce1 betwe5 ! div9e & et]nal tru? & beauty1 ev5 ! highe/ beauty1 !re is1 & ev] mu/ rema91 a c]ta9 degree ( di/ance1 :i*1 if x d n am\nt to an int]val1 is yet1 nev]!less1 a l9e ( dem>kation4 ,et]nal tru? is ev5 ,god himself4 ,& if1 occasionally1 9 ! ,platonic philosophy1 ! ,prime ,be+ is di/+ui%$ & designat$ z ! ar*etype ( beauty1 ?is is b a loose way ( speak+1 n exactly consi/5t ) sci5tific accuracy4 ,=1 accord+ to ! latt]1 ! excell5ce ( beauty is b a p]fect mirror1 or a pure reflection ( et]nal p]fection1 b n et]nal p]fection itself4 ,inde$1 9 ord] to express its p]fect purity f all admixture1 & f e ! lea/ /a9 ( ! s5sible _w1 z well z f e mi/ ( e>?ly delusion t o!rwise might cl+ to & encircle x1 ,i %\ld pref] to call x ! holy beauty1 r ?an ! ar*etype ( beauty1 or ev5 ! height ( beauty4 ,= ! latt] %ifts & v>ies ) ! subjective ta/es ( individuals4 ,"o man sees ! /&>d ( beauty 9 an ,apollo1 ano!r 9 "s o!r equally sublime & highly-f9i%$ god-=m ( anci5t /atu>y4 ,:at1 !n1 is ?is beauty1 accord+ to ! pure & orig9al notion ( x1 & relatively to reality8 ,=1 accord+ to ! pr9ciple :i* ! philosophy ( life assumes1 we mu/ trace e ?+ back to ! real & ! actual--to ! actual & ! real ( nature & ( e>?1 or else to "o t is high] & m spiritual1 nay1 ev5 ,godlike4 ,:at place1 !n1 does beauty "h hold8 :at is its relation to ! re/ ( creation1 or1 /ill m g5]ally1 to ! :ole creat$ univ]se & its au?or8 ,:at is x 9 & by itself1 & 9 tru?8 ,n[1 9 t sacr$ language :i* treats ( holy ?+s1 & devotes to !m well & c>efully-weigh$ expressions & t]ms1 m5tion is made ( a wisdom creat$ 9 ! beg9n+1 & be=e all "t4 ,z1 !re=e1 x is said to be creat$1 x is pla9 t by x is n meant1 & t we mu/ n conf\nd ) x1 t uncreat$ & et]nal wisdom :o is else:]e call$ ! ,almighty ,^w1 by :om ! :ole sy/em ( nature1 & all ?+s1 7 creat$ 9 _! orig9al beauty4 ,n[ ?is creat$ wisdom1 :i*1 consequ5tly1 z su*1 is also a creature--:at else is x ?an ! ?\ght1 ! image1 ! expression & impress ( ! hidd5 & int]nal ess5ce ( ! ,deity--:]e9 its inapproa*able dep? & unfa?omable abyss are outw>dly project$ & r5d]$ visible8 ,is x n1 9 %ort1 ! exact mirror & unsulli$ reflection ( ! div9e p]fections8 ,b1 h[ev] we may *oose to "n & describe x1 ! creature--ev5 ?\gh its creation may h be5 be=e ! :ole _w1 & ev5 be=e "t itself--mu/ always be kept di/9ct f ! uncreat$ ,be+ ( et]nity & omnipot5ce1 :o1 moreov]1 call$ ! =m] into exi/5ce4 ,n[1 if we 7 to apply to ?is creat$ wisdom ! expression ( 8a s\l ( ,god10 :i* 0 =m]ly employ$ by a few writ]s1 b :i* 0 soon all[$ to fall aga9 into disuse1 f a dread ( ! misappreh5sions x might possibly lead to1 x w\ld give1 p]haps1 a good s5se4 ,x might ?us s]ve to di/+ui% ?is1 ! fir/ ( all creatures1 9 its pure & orig9al beauty1 f a m]e s\l ( ! _w1 or ( nature1 h[ev] ideally conceiv$4 ,only1 9 t case1 c>e mu/ be tak5 to keep 9 remembrance1 t su* a mode ( speak+ c only apply to a creature1 & t ( su* alone is x all[able s to speak4 ,=--9 correctness ( language & 9 ! true mean+ ( words--a s\l1 z be+1 on ! :ole1 & pr$om9antly1 a passive faculty1 c n be attribut$ to ,god1 9 :om all is inf9ite p[] & pure activity1 & :o1 z su*1 ev] worke? & nev] ceases 9 ,8 inf9ite op]ations4 ,x is ?is1 ! fir/ ( all creat$ ?+s1 :i*1 ) its pure spl5dor1 lights up 9 brilliancy :atev] 9 ! re/ ( creation /ill reta9s aught ( *ildlike innoc5ce & bless$ purity4 ,x is ! inn] *>m1 ! spiritual fl[] ( nature1 ! hidd5 g]m ( t p>adisiacal lovel9ess :i*1 ?\gh veil$ 9 ?is t]re/rial %r\d1 /ill gleams =? occasionally4 ,x is ev5 t sacr$ beauty :i* fills to ! full ! true arti/'s s\l1 ev5 ?\gh he is nev] able fully & completely to realize x4 ,x is t = :i* ! ?9k]1 9 8 inspir$ en?usiasm1 seeks 9 va9 = words & expressions4 ,all ! =ms & t]ms ( language fail to rea* its high excell5ce4 ,=1 9 fact1 s long z man1 hold+ x to be a pure ideal1 reg>ds x z no?+ b a ?\ght or notional relation1 he c n b fail to seize & appreh5d ?is my/]y ( love 9 all its liv+ reality4 ,& "h x is t ,i w\ld apply ! words1 already quot$1 ( a great ?9k]4 ,!y 7 us$ by him 9 ref]5ce to 8 own sy/em ( sci5ce & philosophy2 & ?\gh 9 my application !y relate to a v diff]5t matt]1 x is1 nev]!less1 "o :i* has an intimate be>+ on ! fir/ sci5ce4 ,slightly modify+ 8 words1 !n1 ,i w\ld ?us say3 :e!r ! notion ( beauty ,i h "h advanc$ be = ! arti/ absolutely ! "r "o--i4e41 :e!r x be p]fectly satisfactory & suffici5t1 or :e!r 9 its special application to a p>ticul> bran* ( art1 & 9 ! actual execution ( any giv5 "w1 x requires sev]al int]m$iate notions & means ( transition1 & :e!r1 moreov]1 sev]al elem5ts equally ess5tial mu/ concur !re9--t ,i "k n1 or at lea/ ,i make no ass]tion ab\t x4 ,& inde$1 ,i see cle>ly en\gh t ev5 = art & its p]fect realization1 some?+ else is want+ besides ! pure idea ( beauty alone4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ,i d "k & am q c]ta9 (1 t1 viz41 ! notion ( beauty :i* ,i h "h advanc$1 & besides :i* sc>cely ano!r w be f\nd1 is ! true & "r ,*ri/ian notion1 ( :i* all ! /atues ( hea!n gods1 all fantasies ( nature1 all m5tal ideas1 are b s+le rays1 fa9t memorials1 corporeal images1 or m]e scatt]$ & mutilat$ fragm5ts4 ,! ?\ght1 too1 ( t blissful /ate 9 ! infancy ( creation--:5 sorr[ _h z yet no exi/5ce1 & evil1 ) its _m woes1 0 n--is a notion n insignificant1 b full1 r1 ( ri* influ5ces = ! high] & m spiritual aim ( art1 & especially = ! deep] & pr(\nd] ess5ce ( poetry4 ,i h1 inde$1 already allud$ to ?is notion2 & ,i rev]t to x because ,i feel x is "o :i* does n des]ve to be s totally neglect$ z x usually is4 ,n[1 ! high] poesy 0 t]m$1 9 consid]ation ( t ,godlike idea ( et]nal hope :i* pr$om9ates 9 x1 ! dawn ( an upris+ morn 9 ! _w ( intellectual culture & poetic fancy2 b at ! same "t ,i rem>k$ t x 0 accompani$ by a m\rnful recollection ( a great =etime1 long s9ce pass$ away & dep>t$4 ,n t ?is sad backw>d look+ to a lo/ infant9e happ9ess ( ! fir/ times is 9 discord ) or 9 opposition to ! hopes ( ! ris+ dawn4 ,r mu/ x be reg>d$ z 9 h>mony ) x4 ,= ?is feel+ is1 z x 71 ! reflection ( t hope--! same light ?r[n back f yet ano!r side--ev5 z ! lovely hue ( ! sky at ev5tide1 & ! bright rays ( ! break+ dawn1 make a k9dr$ impression on ! fancy4 ,9 ?is respect we might almo/ v5ture to say ( poetry & its inmo/ ess5ce1 t x is b ! spiritual e*o ( ! s\l--a sorr[ful remembrance ( a lo/ p>adise4 ,i d n mean t ! latt] & its hi/ory1 su* z x is transmitt$ to u1 or ev5 z x has be5 h&l$ by ! ,engli% poet1 is ! only fitt+ or ev5 a p>ticul>ly happy subject = poetry4 ,i allude r to t p>adisiacal /ate ( univ]sal nature ?r\gh\t ! :ole globe--creation's /ate ( infant9e happ9ess1 be=e x 0 ru9$ by revolt f ,god4 ,a note ( ^! p>adisiacal remembrances1 a sorr[ful mem5to ( ?is heav5ly innoc5ce & primal beauty ( a new-born _w1 seems l an inw>d & animat+ s\l to brea! 9--or z a ?read ( high] & int5s] life1 to run ?r\gh--all ! songs & exquisite del9eations ( a m ?an e>?ly poesy4 ,n t ?is ray ( light ought or ev] c\ld =m by itself ! subject-matt] ( ! f9i%$ "w ( any true poet4 ,8 subjects are g5]ally1 & inde$ mu/ be1 some:at m corporeal1 be+ drawn = ! mo/ "p f hi/ory & f life4 ,:at ,i =m]ly said ( div9e hope applies "h also4 ,ev5 :ile ! picture ( reality :i* is set =? is work$ out mo/ elaborately1 ) accurate obs]vation ( all its little & nice/ traits1 ?is purely spiritual & almo/ une>?ly tone ought1 nev]!less1 to be pres5t4 ,x mu/ be f\nd !re z ! inn] s\l ( ! :ole1 h[ev] veil$ b5ea? ! out] _w t is portray$ 9 ! /ory4 ,no "w1 h[ev]1 9 :i* ?is inn] ?read ( life is totally want+1 is or ev] w be 9 its ess5ce m ?an simple prose1 ev5 ?\gh 9 =m x be v]se4 ,art x may h unque/ionably1 & wit1 a /ory1 & irony2 all 9 %ort1 t c be wi%$--any ?+ b poetry4 ,=1 except :]e its true notion is ei!r already lo/ or fa/ disappe>+1 ! idea ( poetry c n possibly be sep>at$ f t ( en?usiasm4 ,! calm1 cold poetry ( ! head1 if su* c = a mom5t des]ve ! "n1 is to ! true inspir$ poetry ( en?usiasm 9 ! same relation t ! spuri\s fai? ( ! pure reason /&s 9 to ! liv+ fai? ( ! full feel+ :i* spr+s out ( a pr(\nd p]sonal conviction & love4 ,n[1 ! full ess5ce ( ?is en?usiasm1 :i*1 accord+ to ! ,platonic notion ( x1 takes 9 all ?+s 9 its embrace1 is 9 ! ,*ri/ian h>monic triad ( fai?1 hope1 & love1 dissolv$1 z x 71 into its ?ree "t-=ms4 ,= ?\gh fai? has its root 9 ! pres5t1 /ill1 9 e case1 x looks backw>d to "s pa/1 :e!r ( an extant or /ill e>li] revelation1 :i* at ! same "t x embraces & adopts into itself4 ,& ev5 9 t fai? :i* admits ! revelations ( hi/ory1 or t practical fai? :i*1 9 ! ord9>y transactions ( life1 places its tru/ 9 human te/imony & ! record$ facts ( exp]im5tal sci5ce 7s9ce ev5 out ( ! doma9 ( religion fai? is insep>ably mix$ ) all t man ?9ks or does7--9 all ^! k9ds ( fai? a simil> ref]5ce to ! pa/ might easily be po9t$ out4 ,to ! future x is t hope directs itself1 :ile 9 love !re reigns a full & int5se feel+ ( ! pres5t4 ,& ev5 s ( ,god's ev]la/+ love--?is1 too1 has ev] be5 & always mu/ be und]/ood z a full1 int5se1 & abid+ feel+ ( a nev]-end+ pres5t1 :i*1 )\t beg9n+ & )\t end1 goes on =ev] 9 abid+ felicity4 ,besides ?is subdivision into ?ree bran*es or elem5ts1 species or =ms1 !re is yet ano!r "* by :i* ^! ?ree fundam5tal ,*ri/ian feel+s are ess5tially di/+ui%$ f ! s+le & all-embrac+ "o ( en?usiasm4 ,to ?is di/9ction ,i h already allud$1 & x consi/s 9 ?is1 t :]eas en?usiasm indicates no?+ m ?an a pass+ /ate ( a m int5se consci\sness1 ! ?ree categories above m5tion$ conta9 n m]ely a transi5t b a p]man5t enhancem5t ( x1 or1 9 o!r words1 a consci\sness :i* has really become high] & m int5se1 & z su*1 endures 9 full self-possession & inw>d enlight5m5t4 ,accord+ly1 :5 we are speak+ ( ! relation ( fai? to k1 ?is s*eme ( ! fundam5tal feel+s ( ,*ri/ianity seems 9 ! highe/ degree appropriate to t philosophy :i* und]takes to %[ ! connection betwe5 k & fai?1 & ! passage f "o to ! o!r4 ,= x is 9 tru? well calculat$ to lead to ?is end1 ev5 m rapidly & m surely ?an ! ,platonic fundam5tal pr9ciple ( en?usiasm1 not)/&+ ! pr(\nd & ess5tial aff9ity :i* subsi/s betwe5 ^! two views ( ! _w & ?+s4 ,) respect to ! relation ( fai? to k3 we mu/ rememb] t ! positive dogmas ( a fix$ def9ite cre$ belong to !ology1 & lie altoge!r out ( ! doma9 ( philosophy4 ,= ?\gh a truly le>n$ exegesis ( ,holy ,writ mo/ unque/ionably dem&s a truly philosophical _s1 x is n philosophy itself4 ,& ?is applies also to ecclesia/ical tradition1 z runn+ p>allel to & co-ord9ate ) writt5 revelation4 ,?is enl>g$ assumption1 h[ev]1 ( a tw(old s\rce = d$uc+ a k ( ! tru?s necess>y to be believ$1 & = _! dogmatic int]pretation1 z t\*+ on a p>ticul> prov9ce ( hi/ory1 or z "s1 p]haps1 w r say1 a controv]t$ po9t ( *ur* au?ority1 mu/ be left to !ology to discuss & decide4 ,x does n fall )9 ! true limits ( philosophy1 :i* prop]ly is conc]n$ only ) fai? 9 g5]al1 & ! notion !re( relatively to k4 ,& "h comes 9 ! greate/ ( ! di/9ctions betwe5 ! philosophy ( life 7:i* is f\nd$ bo? on an ext]nal & also an int]nal & high] exp]i5ce1 be+ itself a sci5ce ( exp]i5ce7 & ! philosophy ( absolute reason4 ,! relation betwe5 fai? & k1 z respectively e/abli%$ by !m1 is ?or\ghly & ess5tially diff]5t4 ,accord+ to t absolute view ( ! _w & ?+s :i* re/s on & spr+s f a pure & necess>y rational sci5ce1 fai? & k /& 9 absolute opposition to ea* o!r4 ,! only connection into :i* !y c possibly ent] is t by :i* fai? is call$ 9 to ! aid ( reason1 & 9 ord] to supply its defici5cies4 ,:51 = in/ance1 ! unconditional sci5ce c n by itself atta9 to fullness & p]fection ( k1 or1 aft] all its labors1 f9ds itself /&+ unsatisfi$ ev5 )9 its own doma91 !n ! transition is made =cibly1 &1 z x 71 by a great & sudd5 leap into ! opposite & totally diff]5t doma9 ( reason1 9 ord] to seek !re refuge & protection f itself4 ,& ?is inde$ is ! only way /ill op51 if n to a complete reconciliation betwe5 ! two1 yet1 at lea/1 to a peaceful compromise ( ! respective claims ( k & ( fai?4 ,q diff]5t1 h[ev]1 is ! relation betwe5 !m1 z set =? by ! philosophy ( life1 :i* takes its position 9 exp]i5ce & ! k :i* is bas$ !reon4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 fai? & k are n s rigor\sly sep>at$1 nor s absolutely di/+ui%$ 9 x z !y are 9 ! prec$+ sy/em4 ,&1 secondly1 z reg>ds ! ord] & succession ( ! two3 "h1 9 ! wide field ( man's exp]i5ce1 bo? inw>d & outw>d1 9 nature & 9 8 own self1 x is fai? = ! mo/ "p t furni%es ! beg9n+ & f\ndation ( k1 :i*1 h[ev]1 z su* is incomplete1 & requires fur!r developm5t4 ,we h already rem>k$1 t ! positive dogmas ( a p>ticul> fai?1 toge!r ) ! sci5tific inve/igations appropriate to !m1 =m a special doma9 ( high] exp]i5ce4 ,?is is a /atem5t :i* sc>cely requires any labor$ pro(4 ,& we ne$ n dwell on x fur!r ?an to rem9d y1 t ev5 "h ! fai?1 s f> z x is dogmatically prop\nd$1 =ms ! f\ndation4 ,9 ?is high] region fai? is ! fir/ & t :i* makes ! beg9n+1 :ile ! kn[+ =ms ! fur!r developm5t4 ,desc5d+ into its p>ticul> applications1 ! latt] furni%es an explanation1 or1 r1 elucidation1 ( ! :ole4 ,/ill x mu/ all ! :ile adh]e fai?fully to ! fact ( a revelation1 & ma9ta9 its au?ority ov] ! rational pr9ciple :i* o!rwise seeks to depress1 & does (t5 actually ov]be> x4 ,& s is x also ) ! fir/ awak5+ ( ! consci\sness4 ,& ev5 9 exp]im5tal sci5ce1 ! ord] betwe5 fai? & k is exactly ! same4 ,9 actual life1 too1 e great ent]prise beg9s ) & takes its fir/ /ep 9 fai?4 ,9 fai? ,columbus1 compass 9 h&1 & firmly rely+ on its revelations1 trav]s$1 9 8 frail b>k1 ! wide wat]s ( an unkn[n ocean4 ,9 ?is fai? he discov]$ a new _w1 & !reby op5$ a new era 9 ! hi/ory ( sci5ce & ( man4 ,= all 8 inquiries1 all 8 ?ir/ & se>* aft] in=mation1 all 8 ?9k+1 guess+1 & suppos+1 did n z yet am\nt to a complete kn[+--by su* means he c\ld n succe$ 9 work+ out a full conviction1 ei!r = himself or = o!rs4 ,x 0 ! giv5 fact1 ! unque/ionable pro( ( actual exp]i5ce1 t fir/ exalt$ 8 bold conception into true & p]fect c]ta9ty4 ,9 a great] or less degree ?is is ! c\rse by :i* all ! great discov]ies 9 sci5ce h be5 made2 pass+ by a sl[ b /ill advanc+ process ( ?\ght f fai? up to k4 ,& ! same "* ( fai? is /amp$ on e great & decisive act1 e important ev5t 9 ! hi/ory ( individuals or ( nations4 ,& if1 9 contra/ ) ^! gr&] ph5om5a1 an in/ance be requir$ f ! fir/ & almo/ unnoticeable beg9n+s ( consci\sness1 ,i w\ld ref] to ! fir/ "t t1 ) manife/ purpose1 ! infant seeks & f9ds = itself its "m's brea/4 ,b p]haps ! =ce ( ?is illu/ration may be que/ion$1 z be+ drawn f :at might be call$ a m]e gratification ( an animal want4 ,i %all !re=e take "o :i* bord]s closely inde$ on ! =m]1 b :i* does n appe> to be s imm$iately connect$1 n to say id5tical1 ) in/9ct4 ,we w take1 !n1 ! second mom5t ( consci\sness--t at :i* ! *ild reg>ds its "m = ! fir/ "t1 full1 app>5tly ( reflection1 &1 c]ta9ly ( att5tion & mean+1 z x 7 ) a wi% to say some?+1 if x _h ! p[] to talk4 ,& ?is eye1 upturn$ = ! fir/ "t1 full ( love & mean+1 :at is x b ! fir/ look ( fai?8 ,& ?\gh ev5 ?is op5+ dawn ( consci\sness involves a c]ta9 di/9ction & recognition1 x is /ill v f> f ! c]ta9ty ( k4 ,& is n ! =m] in/ance highly appropriate & well fitt$ to illu/rate ! relation 9 :i* man /&s to ,god8 ,= t pat]nal he>t1 :i*1 z ! liv+ pulse ( omnipot5ce1 beats s5sibly 9 ! b\ndless univ]se--is x n also1 z x 71 ! full mat]nal f\nta9 at :i* ! immortal _s imbibes its fir/ milk1 & inde$ all its n\ri%m5t = et]nity8 ,9 %ort1 at ! vivid po9t ( exp]i5ce1 ! fir/--! /ill delicate & innoc5t--beg9n+s ( feel+ are v (t5 9 close contact ) ! full maturity ( ! mo/ enlight5$ k1 exp&$ & elevat$ to ! height ( its ,inf9ite s\rce4 ,at ?is po9t1 !n1 ( liv+ exp]i5ce1 fai? & k are n s %>ply sep>at$ f1 or s unconditionally oppos$ to1 ea* o!r z is commonly ?\ght4 ,! relation ( fai? to k is t ne>ly ( ! beg9n+ to ! consummation4 ,su*1 too1 is ! case ) exp]i5ce & revelation1 z ! data ( all sci5tific k4 ,^! two also /& 9 close dep5d5ce on ea* o!r4 ,_! mutual relation is some?+ simil> to t ( ! ext]nal manife/ation to ! inw>d en]gy--( ! visible body to its animat+ pr9ciple1 or to t inw>d sp>k ( light :i* ! body s]ves z an organ & vehicle1 or z an outw>d g>b & veil4 ,9 hi/ory1 & 9 e sci5ce t 9 any way des]ves to be call$ hi/orical1 ! _s or m9d has be5 long & g5]ally ackn[l$g$ to be ! fir/ & only ?+ t gives to ! :ole its true wor?4 ,& 9 ! doma9 ( physical sci5ce1 :i* ( all bran*es ( m]e empirical k is ! mo/ compreh5sive & mo/ ext5sive1 ! case is precisely simil>4 ,! ext]nally giv5 ph5om5on ( ! fact or natural object t is "u consid]ation1 =ms only ! outw>d inve/iture & is to be reg>d$ z ! mode ( manife/ation--! visible =m--( ! inn] life1 & law :i* rules )9 x4 ,& man's *ief object 9 inve/igat+ ! =m] is1 if possible1 to pi]ce its %r\d1 & to seize & to discov] ! inw>d law ( life1 z all t is mo/ ess5tial1 & z ! g]m ( exi/5ce1 :i* is wrapp$ up & hidd5 9 ! outw>d & s5sible veil4 ,_m ( ! special bran*es ( physical inquiry1 su* z botany & m9]alogy1 c only be consid]$ z prep>atory labors1 :i* are to furni% ! mat]ials & app>atus = future sci5ce to act ^u1 & n really z sci5ces4 ,:5 all ! facts ( m9]alogy %all h be5 br\ght "u "o great & univ]sal law--:5 ! isolat$ results ( anatomical rese>* & obs]vation c be r$uc$ to "o common physiological idea--:5 *emi/ry1 by its exclusive analysis1 & decomposition ( matt] into its ultimate elem5ts1 %all be able to disc]n1 9 ! diff]5t gases & o!r impond]able ag5ts1 ! v>i\s =ms ( ! invisible pr9ciple ( ?+s--:5 a high] range ( physical rese>* %all p5etrate ! gr& primal ph5om5a ( ! electric %ock1 ( magnetic attraction1 & ! prismatic decomposition ( light1 & its arti/ic imitation = sci5tific purposes1 !n only %all we be able to remove ! la/ veil :i* %r\ds ! my/]ies ( nature4 ,= ! :ole ef=t ( natural sci5ce is indefatigably direct$ to rea*+ to t hidd5 c5t] ( life ?r\gh ext]nal exi/5ce1 ( ^: inn] light & spl5dor ! :ole corporeal mass ( ! s5sible _w is b ! brok5 & multipli$ reflection1 & empirical sci5ce b ! *emical precipitate1 ! gross mat]ial residuum ( its pure & spiritual tru?4 ,x is to ?is t all ! results ( sci5ce po9t & t5d2 e inve/igation 9 ! doma9 ( natural hi/ory1 :i* 9 any degree pret5ds to be philosophical1 likewise leads to ?is conclusion4 ,assum+1 !n1 ! exi/5ce ( a ,god z ! ,creator ( ! _w1 :at else c nature be ?an a revelation ( ,god & div9e love--a visible manife/ation !re( 9 outw>d & mat]ial matt]8 ,& h[1 if o!rwise conceiv$ (1 c x ev] be und]/ood or compreh5d$8 ,suppos+ also 7:at at ! fir/ we may v well all[7 t ev5 f ?is po9t ( view mu* rema9s obscure1 enigmatical1 & un9telligible to u--/ill ^! incompreh5sible1 or1 r1 uncompreh5d$1 matt]s are m]ely a few individual in/ances4 ,! :ole1 nev]!less1 w1 on ?is hypo!sis1 be f\nd full ( deep significancy1 & satisfactory1 n only to ! feel+s1 b ev5 to ! inquir+ & que/ion+ intellect4 ,b1 accord+ to ! opposite view ( ! univ]se1 ?\gh _m1 or1 let u say1 v _m individual facts 9 nature may be acutely expla9$ & sci5tifically und]/ood2 /ill ! :ole1 if x be n look$ ^u z a revelation f ,god1 b a peculi> self-exi/5t entity1 rema9s =ev] an enigmatical mass ( indissoluble complications4 ,/ripp$ by ?is hypo!sis ( its high] design ( lead+ man onw>d to ! div9e1 x becomes1 = him at lea/1 p]fectly unmean+4 ,b :51 on ! contr>y1 ! univ]sal sy/em ( nature is reg>d$ z ! unfold+ & visible revelation ( ! hidd5 maje/y ( ! ,creator1 !n1 toge!r ) t o!r "o :i* is writt5 & conta9$ 9 ! div9e law & sacr$ records1 x =ms "o consi/5t :ole4 ,holy ,writ & nature1 accord+ to ?is view1 appe> two mutually explanatory & supplem5tal halves ( t book ( ,god :i* is writt5 on ! inside & ! out4 ,! inn] voice ( consci5ce also has (t51 & inde$ f ! v e>lie/ times1 be5 repres5t$ z a revelation1 ?\gh ( a diff]5t k9d2 & ! moral feel+ & its peculi> law h be5 suppos$ to be frequ5tly oppos$ to1 or at lea/ :olly indep5d5t (1 nature & ! natural law4 ,b ev5 ?is int]nal revelation is also d\ble1 l ! ext]nal "o ( ,holy ,writ & ( nature4 ,= 9 its negative prohibitions1 9 its g5tle or t]rible1 b ev]-di/9ct w>n+s1 z well z 9 its positive requisitions1 x is q di/9ct f its o!r =m z a feel+ ( devotion & ( m5tal pray]1 or ( an illimitable aspiration aft] ,god & div9e ?+s4 ,& x is by no means all[able to conf\nd or mix up ^! two di/9ct =ms4 ,= ! "o is univ]sal1 h[ev] v>iable 9 its degrees ( int5sity2 :]eas ! o!r manife/o itself r by way ( exception z an individual vocation1 or1 if ! t]m be pref]r$1 z a peculi> g5ius = piety1 & a special s5sibility = holy ?\ghts & feel+s4 ,n[ ?is f\rfold div9e revelation1 embrac+ ! two ext]nal bran*es ( ,scripture & ( nature1 & ! two inn] ones ( consci5ce & devotion1 has its seat 9 ! f\r faculties ( ! l[] ord] :i* h s repeat$ly be5 br\ght be=e our consid]ation4 ,= ! memory is ! organ ( its writt5 & oral transmission & p]petuation--nay1 ( writ+ & language g5]ally1 accord+ to ! intimate connection :i* subsi/s betwe5 !m4 ,& 9 ! next place1 ! ext]nal s5ses1 ) :i* we may also associate an imm$iate intuition into ! dep?s & my/]ies ( nature1 are ! organs = p]ceiv+ & und]/&+ ! s5sible ph5om5a4 ,la/ly1 !re is consci5ce1 &1 on ! o!r side1 a long+ aft] ,god & div9e ?+s1 z ! highe/ & mo/ enhanc$ degree ( human pursuit--( ! pr(\nde/ aspiration ( man's s\l1 & ! pure/ desire ( 8 _s4 ,= x is ev5 "h1 9 ^! subord9ate faculties1 :]e ! deep decl9e & gross deg5]acy ( ! human m9d 9 its pres5t /ate mo/ /rik+ly displays itself1 t a susceptibility = improvem5t is fir/ excit$4 ,"h spr+s ! e>lie/ impulse to return to ! high] /ate f :i* we h fall54 ,"h ! div9e se$ ( resuscitation soone/ exp&s itself1 revivify+ & re/or+ to its pri/9e wor? & dignity ! morbid & lifeless consci\sness4 ,! int]nal revelation1 h[ev]1 ( devotion & pray] mu/ be reg>d$ z cle>ly di/9ct f1 & z ly+ altoge!r out (1 ! doma9 ( philosophy1 ev5 z ! le>n$ exposition ( ,scripture1 & a sci5tific /udy !re(1 =ms a peculi> bran* ( intellectual pursuit4 ,b ?\gh philosophy mu/ n be mix$ up ) x1 yet on ! o!r h& x mu/ n lapse into1 or insep>ably id5tify itself )1 a pure my/icism ( devotional feel+s1 or1 if ! t]m be pref]r$1 a !ory ( pray]1 & a m]e contemplative m$itation on ! ,deity & div9e ?+s4 ,& ! reason is obvi\s3 devotion1 ) its my/ical feel+s1 mu/ necess>ily & absolutely atta* itself to ! positive data ( a fix$ dogmatic fai?4 ,= 9 su* alone c x f9d1 n only a def9ite =m & a maturely-develop$ ext]nal %ape1 b also an inn] assurance = itself z well z a safegu>d aga9/ ! possible errors ( fanaticism4 ,& "h1 h[ev]1 x mu/ n be =gott5 t ! intr9sic ess5ce ( div9e long+1 z well z ( all o!r holy feel+s1 c nev] be or seem ali5 & repugnant to ! philosophy ( life1 :i* inde$ takes its rise out ( ?is v c5t] ( a high & holy love4 ,on ! contr>y1 x mu/ always be intimately associat$ ) & amicably dispos$ t[>d x4 ,! philosophy ( life1 !re=e1 ev5 :ile x c>efully gu>ds aga9/ fall+ into a m]e exposition & comm5t>y ( ,scripture1 may freely borr[ f ! old ,scriptural language its awful spiritual phrases & its vividly =cible expressions4 ,x w\ld1 9 fact1 be an ov]/ra9$ p$antry1 & an excessive affectation ( sci5tific purism1 7 x to wi% to avoid x4 ,/ill x is necess>y to draw a precise l9e ( dem>kation betwe5 religion & philosophy1 & c>efully to obs]ve _! limits4 ,& 9 ! same mann]1 philosophy w ab/a9 f an undue encroa*m5t on ! prov9ce ( natural hi/ory1 or on ! doma9 ( e?ics :]e ! int]nal revelation ( consci5ce furni%es ! basis ( all moral legislation4 ,at lea/ x w keep f s do+ z long z x is anxi\s to pres]ve its true dignity z a philosophy ( life1 & ( ?\ght & sci5ce 9 g5]al1 & fe>s to degrade itself by becom+ no?+ m ?an a special bran* & application1 ei!r z m]e morals or natural philosophy4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n preclude f x ! lib]ty ( occasionally ent]+ ev5 deeply into !m1 or ( tak+ a g5]al survey ( _! results1 or borr[+ l>gely f _! facts1 z pregnant in/ances1 rem>kable ph5om5a & similes1 9 ord] to make ?is remote region illu/rate its own sph]e1 ?\gh prop]ly !y d n belong to x4 ,philosophy has en\gh to d ) :at really =ms ! subject-matt] & cont5ts ( its own prov9ce1 )\t seek+ to enl>ge x by any extrane\s addition4 ,n[1 to ^! f\r =ms or s\rces ( a high] revelation1 bo? int]nal & ext]nal1 a fif? rema9s to be add$4 ,x con/itutes1 z x 71 _! common bond ( union--! c5t] at :i*1 conv]g+ & com+ into contact1 !y ex]cise a mutual influ5ce1 &1 adju/+ & accommodat+ !mselves to "o ano!r1 comb9e 9 liv+ union & p]fect h>mony4 ,?is we w\ld designate by ! g5]al "n ( a revelation ( et]nal love4 ,b a revelation ( et]nal love 9 man1 & n m]ely su* a "o z we might1 ) good reason1 pron\nce nature & ! :ole creation to be4 ,& ev5 :5 we say 9 man1 we d n m]ely mean !reby su* z is reveal$ 9 8 in/9ctive emotions ( devotion & religion1 b t1 r1 :i* speaks out 9 man's mo/ univ]sal feel+1 & 9 8 pr(\nde/ & int5se/ consci\sness4 ,b if love itself is no?+ b ! pure idea1 ! inmo/ _s & ess5tial en]gy ( all true life1 & especially ( t :i* is highe/ & mo/ exalt$1 !n mu/ ?is revelation ( love be pre-em95tly ! subject-matt] ( ! philosophy ( life4 ,= x is ev5 ! ri* & intr9sic c5t] ( ! o!r f\r sacr$ s\rces ( div9e revelation1 & out ( x all high] life1 ?\ght1 fai?1 & sci5ce1 fl[s into ! s\l ( e man t has any susceptibility = su* exalt$ excell5ce4 ,?is rem>k1 moreov]1 implicitly det]m9es ! relation :i* bo? fai? & en?usiasm 7accord+ to ! ,platonic notion ( x7 hold 9 g5]al to sci5ce1 & also to revelation & love1 ?\gh1 inde$1 ) respect to ! latt]1 x is only in*oately & 9 outl9e t x is s fix$4 ,b1 9 ord] fully to "w out & complete ! idea ( sci5ce1 accord+ to all ^? ext]nal relations :i* we h already laid d[n1 x w be necess>y to exam9e ! sev]al elem5ts ( ?is idea 9 _! int]nal coh]5ce1 & also1 by means ( contra/ ) a complete evolution ( ! sy/em ( inborn error1 to set !m 9 ! fulle/ & cle>e/ light4 ,we h already decl>$ & enum]at$ ! sev]al elem5ts & degrees1 or species & con/itu5ts :i*1 toge!r1 make up sci5tific k4 ,fir/ ( all1 !re is ! und]/&+ & expla9+1 ! disc]n+ & di/+ui%+4 ,9 ! second place comes ! liv+ cogitation or complete compreh5sion ( ! actual1 :i* =ms ! true c5t] ( sci5tific k1 if n its v self2 &1 la/ly1 t :i* is closely connect$ !re)1 ! imm$iate p]ception & recognition ( tru?1 & an inw>d feel+ ( c]ta9ty4 ,all ^!1 h[ev]1 are m or less falsifi$ & l$ a/ray by ! pr9cipal ( ^? sci5tific errors :i* are innate 9 man's m9d--:i* sometimes secretly und]m9e1 &1 at la/1 totally subv]t & de/roy !m4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! liv+ ?\ght is (t5 conv]t$ into a dead cogitation1 be+ c>ri$ away f its natural direction t[>d ! actual1 & misl$ to an unsub/antial pursuit ( empty ab/ractions4 ,! total confusion ( ideas :i* ?is leads to is fatal to all di/9ctness & precision ( und]/&+1 & r5d]s x impossible to h a cle> disc]nm5t & correct judgm5t ( ?+s4 ,& !n1 9 ?is bottomless abyss1 ! firm f\ndation ( actual tru? & inw>d c]ta9ty s9ks & is swall[$ up4 ,e "o1 inde$1 ( ! f\r fundam5tal faculties ( ! human m9d conta9s1 9 itself1 a faulty disposition & p]nici\s g]m ( a special & precise =m ( sci5tific error1 :i* e/abli%es & fully develops itself 9 its appropriate doma91 & :i*1 :5 circum/ances are favorable1 is matur$ & %ap$ into a sy/em ( falsehood4 ,x is *iefly 9 ! visible consequ5ces ( its fur!r developm5t1 &1 also1 by ! intr9sic inconsi/5cies 9 :i* x is involv$ by ! unf\nd$ assumption f :i* x sets out at ! v fir/1 t ea* ( ^! abortions ( unsub/antial & empty cogitation is mo/ easily detect$4 ,&1 9 fact1 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human m9d & philosophy1 & ev5 ( sci5ce g5]ally1 ! ess5tial *>act]s ( ^! lead+ phases ( sci5tific ab]ration are only too di/9ctly legible to him :o contemplates t great intellectual picture ) an eye unbl9d$ by prejudice4 ,! error mo/ peculi> to ! reason1 & :i*1 9 its doma91 spr+s up almo/ indig5\sly1 is "o t has already be5 frequ5tly m5tion$--viz41 ! phantom1 ( ! unconditional1 or ! delusion ( absolute necessity4 ,n[1 all ! data on :i* man's k mu/ be bas$ h a triple s\rce2 !y are pres5t$ to him f )91 f above1 & f )\t4 ,b ! reason1 :i* is ! faculty ( ! logical connection ( ideas1 & ( ! logical necessity :i* rules 9 t connection1 (t5 quits ?is safe & solid gr\nd ( reality1 z pres5t$ to x 9 triple exp]i5ce1 :e!r ( revelation & hi/ory1 or ( natural sci5ce1 & re/+ entirely on itself1 tries to build exclusively on its own f\ndation4 ,:5ev]1 !re=e1 x attempts ?is impossibility1 x inv>iably copies ! ma!matical me?od ( demon/ration4 ,& s !re imm$iately spr+s up ! false semblance ( a necess>y k4 ,z ! faculty ( logical ?9k+1 ! reason is at ! same "t a p[] ( endless progressive developm5t4 ,to inv5t1 h[ev]1 to create & to produce1 is absolutely beyond its capacity2 & x =feits its own rights1 :5ev]1 ab&on+ ! pursuits mo/ appropriate1 & assign$ to x by nature1 x usurps ! pr]ogatives ( an inv5tive & productive faculty1 & !reby gives bir? to ! abortions ( false metaphysical sy/ems4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! firm basis & sure pr9ciple ( "s real & actual fact is once giv51 !n ! fur!r sci5tific developm5t1 d]ivation1 & wid] d$uction f ?is fir/ f\ndation may be c>ri$ illimitably onw>d4 ,!re exi/s no cause at all :y we %\ld wi% to set b\nds to its advance4 ,= 7 we to d s1 we %\ld p]haps aft]w>d discov] t !y _h be5 drawn ei!r too n>r[ly or too prematurely2 z1 inde$1 has already be5 too (t5 done 9 _m a bran* ( ma!matical sci5ce4 ,&1 ev5 because x is exactly 9 ma!matics t ! illimitable proc$ure ( sci5tific developm5t manife/s itself mo/ signally & mo/ brilliantly1 & is at ! same "t n inconsi/5t ) ! greate/ rigor ( =m & c]ta9ty1 if only x orig9ally sets out f a /able pr9ciple ( actual reality1 ?is sci5ce w furni%1 p]haps1 ! mo/ appropriate & p]t95t illu/ration4 ,&1 inde$1 ! m s1 z ! prejudice /ill subsi/s 9 m5's m9ds1 t ! fir/ f\ndation ( ma!matical sci5ce is an orig9al inv5tion ( ! reason--a pure product ( ! int]nal intuitions ( ! intellect1 & t ?is sci5ce /&s q ap>t f all o!r s-call$ sci5ces ( exp]i5ce4 ,b 9 its fir/ developm5t & acquisition1 ?is is v f> f be+ ! case4 ,if we c\ld only obs]ve 9 o!rs1 or c\ld 9 our own case recall to m9d h[ long x is be=e a *ild c actually c\nt ?ree1 or cle>ly sep>ate f itself ! ext]nal objects x p]ceives1 or le>ns to di/+ui% betwe5 any two objects1 or betwe5 !m & itself1 we %all be =c$ to admit t ! fir/ basis ( enum]ation has an empirical orig91 & t x is on su*1 consequ5tly1 t all ma!matical sci5ce is built up & f\nd$4 ,geometrical l9es & figures are prop]ly no?+ m ?an numb]s1 or ! fundam5tal ari?metical notions fix$ 9 space & inve/$ ) a corporeal %ape1 & !reby become visible4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 n unusual to reg>d ! fir/ pr9ciples ( geometry--su* z ! po9t1 ! "r l9e1 ! squ>e1 & ! triangle1 out ( :i* all else is comp\nd$--z indep5d5t ( exp]i5ce1 & exi/+ absolutely 9 & by !mselves4 ,b1 9 tru?1 ^! prim>y facts ( geometry are1 )\t exception1 fir/ furni%$ by exp]i5ce4 ,& ev5 if1 = ! purposes ( sci5ce1 !y are advanc$ 9 a degree ( ab/ract purity & ( notional complet5ess1 :i* !y d n possess 9 ! ext]nal _w ( s5sible ?+s1 :]e !y are always comb9$ ) m or less ( gross admixture or ( imp]fection1 ?is is only :at is ! case1 9 exactly ! same degree1 ) ! fir/ pr9ciples ( all o!r exp]im5tal sci5ces4 ,a/ronomy is "o ( ! highe/ applications ( ma!matical sci5ce1 :i* 9 x is c>ri$ to its highe/ limits ( developm5t4 ,b "h1 too1 ! latt] has gr[n toge!r & 9 common ) natural sci5ce4 ,! complicat$ & elaborate calculations1 ! approximate hypo!ses ( ma!matical a/ronomy1 are intimately int]wov5 & mix$ up ) manifold sid]eal facts & obs]vations4 ,prop]ly1 !re=e1 & rightly und]/ood1 ma!matical sci5ce =ms no exception to ! g5]al pr9ciple t all k is bas$ ^u exp]i5ce1 d]iv$ f inw>d1 outw>d1 or1 x may be1 high] p]ceptions4 ,consequ5tly1 x is n s mu* 9 k9d z 9 degree t x is di/+ui%$ f o!r exp]im5tal sci5ces4 ,we mu/ n1 h[ev]1 =get t 9 v _m cases ( ! application ( ma!matics to real life & natural hi/ory1 x is n s mu* a mat]ial sci5ce z r a m]e organ & in/rum5t = ! advancem5t & fur!r elaboration ( ! p>ticul> sci5ces to :i* x is appli$4 ,view$ relatively to a high] physical sci5ce1 ma!matics d b =m ! m]e outl9e & articulation ( ! :ole /ructure ( ! inn] skeleton ( ! :ole body ( nature2 or1 r1 x is ! hidd5 key & rule ( spee* ( ! m>vel\s language ( revelation1 & ( t o!rwise hidd5 exi/5ce :i* is "h br\ght to ! light1 & :i* we call nature--its inn] gramm>1 9 %ort1 & high] symbolism4 ,9 ord] to gu>d aga9/ ?is abuse ( reason1 to :i* e ?9k] mu/ feel himself b too liable1 & :i* is univ]sally ackn[l$g$ to be possible1 x has be5 ?\ght suffici5t to di/+ui% ! p]v]sion f ! "r application ( x )9 its natural & due limits4 ,) ?is view x has be5 ma9ta9$ t ! k & c]ta9ty :i* are conc$$ to & are )9 ! rea* ( man are re/rict$ to ! s5sible _w2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ! supras5sible doma91 all judgm5t is d5i$ to reason1 & absolutely all k to man4 ,b ?is position is v f> f be+ ju/ifiable4 ,= if1 z we ma9ta91 all k is really imp>t$1 or1 9 o!r words1 a gift or revelation1 its measure & limits c n be det]m9$ by way ( anticipation1 nor d !y 9 tru? dep5d at all ^u man4 ,su* limits re/ entirely ) ,him f :om all has proce$$1 & :o communicates or has communicat$ to ,8 creatures sev]ally :atev] x is ,8 w to communicate or imp>t to !m1 or absolutely to enjo9 ^u !m4 ,b ?is revelation & communication1 on :i* all religion & sci5ce ultimately re/s1 be+ once giv5 & receiv$1 reason ne$ n by any means be exclud$ f ! supras5sible doma94 ,on ! contr>y1 x may 9 a c]ta9 degree lawfully co-op]ate 9 ! effectually work+ ( x1 &1 to a c]ta9 ext5t & "u c]ta9 limits1 may ev5 judge ( x4 ,inde$1 :5 ! fir/ f\ndation ( actual reality is once giv5 & e/abli%$1 & moreov] ackn[l$g$ z su*1 !n ! use & employm5t ( reason is no less legitimate "h ?an x is 9 ! doma9 ( ! s5sible _w1 or 9 a special sci5ce ( exp]i5ce direct$ & conf9$ to t]re/rial ?+s4 ,:at is meant h]eby1 & h[ x is to be und]/ood1 w be/ appe> f :at ,i am n[ ab\t to add4 ,?\gh !ology1 z little z religion itself1 c draw exclusively f or re/ entirely on reason--= ?is w\ld be fatal to its v idea--/ill x is n only all[able1 b ev5 highly desirable1 t !ology1 9 its practical application & me?od1 %\ld be ?or\ghly rational4 ,by ?is means alone w x be able to preclude n only a p]nici\s confusion ( ideas & ! mi/akes ( fanatical en?usiasm1 b also all unpr(itable disputes & ! absurd bitt]ness ( animosity4 ,& ?us1 "u ! prevail+ influ5ce ( reason1 ! _s ( love & concord w outlive all ! viol5t attacks & deep w\nds ( controv]sial ardor4 ,9 its application1 !re=e1 & ext]nal =m1 all sci5ce is1 or1 r1 to speak g5]ally1 ought to be1 rational2 ev5 ?\gh x c n d]ive its subject-matt] f reason1 nor 9 any way dep5d ^u x 9 ?is respect4 ,= :5ev] %e attempts to produce ! latt] out ( h]self1 %e inv>iably gives bir? to ! metaphysical phantom ( absolute entity & ( absolute k1 or t false illusion ( reason :i* sets up an id5tical dualism & intr9sic unity ( necess>y be+ & necess>y ?\ght1 z ! two insep>ably connect$ =ms or species ( ! "o et]nal ess5ce :i*1 sup]ior to & high] ?an bo?1 conta9s 9 itself ! prim>y gr\nd ( all exi/5ce & ( all consci\sness4 ,be=e ?is illusion1 ! idea ( a p]sonal ,deity naturally falls to ! gr\nd4 ,x is all too l[ & too mean = ! l(ty conceptions ( ?is imag9>y phantom ( reason4 ,n[h]e1 ,i w\ld obs]ve by ! way1 has ?is illusory sy/em1 :i* is utt]ly fatal to ! tru?1 be5 c>ri$ out ) su* rigor ( consequ5ce1 or set =? ) su* ma/]ly p[]s ( exposition1 z 9 ! works ( ,sp9osa4 ,9 ?is view ( ! _w & ?+s1 h[ev]1 we h two =ms ( a necess>y ?\ght1 runn+1 inde$1 cont9ually p>allel to ea* o!r1 b nev] becom+ p]fectly co9cid5t4 ,accord+ly1 no sy/em ( x has ev] be5 able to atta9 to a g5]al recognition & reception4 ,=1 not)/&+ t p]fect un9telligibility is ess5tial to ?is view1 be+ deeply inwov5 9 its :ole sy/em1 & runn+ ?r\gh its mo/ delicate ?reads1 & rea*+ to its inmo/ corn]s1 ea* new ma/] ( ma!matical c]ta9ty 9 ?is me?od ( negation & sy/ematic nullity seeks ! cause ( ! obscurity 9 "s intellectual defect ( 8 imm$iate pr$ecessor 9 ! exposition ( x4 ,accord+ly1 he feels himself call$ ^u to make "s slightly *ang$ turn & arrangem5t ( ! ?\ghts1 & s to come =w>d z ! inv5tor & f\nd] ( an entirely new fabric ( tru?2 :]eas1 9 tru?1 8 new =m & me?od are fundam5tally ! v same delusion ( a m]e rational semblance ( logical necessity t =m$ ! f\ndation ( ! old & condemn$ sy/ems4 ,h[ev] greatly ! outw>d g>b ( language & phraseology may h v>i$ 9 ! c\rse ( c5turies1 /ill ! error itself has rema9$ id5tical & free f *ange4 ,& ev5 if ! necess>y connection ( ^! two worlds ( objective exi/5ce & subjective consci\sness1 :i* run p>allel ) ea* o!r1 %\ld be conceiv$ (1 some:at aft] ! idea ( ,leibnitz1 z a pre-e/abli%$ h>mony1 hav+1 z su*1 its orig9 9 a p]sonal ,god1 /ill1 by ?is app>5t recognition ( ! sov]eign h& ( omnipot5ce rul+ & guid+ ! :ole creation1 x is only 9 ! ext]nal =m t x is reliev$ f ! objection ( dualism4 ,=1 fundam5tally1 ?is !ory resolves itself into ! me*anism ( an intr9sically bl9d necessity1 by means ( :i* ! two clocks1 z x 71 set orig9ally toge!r by ! ,supreme ,arti/1 run on =ev] & agree1 :ile o!rwise !y h no sort ( connection or contact4 ,su* a !ory evid5tly furni%es no true solution ( ! difficulty1 & leads to no satisfactory result4 ,q diff]5t f ?is is ! true inn] unity1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is no m]e sam5ess--! true liv+ h>mony1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is no pre-e/abli%$ "o--betwe5 ! ext]nal s5sible _w ( nature & ! inn] conceptional _w ( ! consci\sness1 z contemplat$ f ! position ( life1 & ( a philosophy :i* takes its s\rce & f\ndation f life itself4 ,accord+ to ?is view1 e ?+ 9 ! outw>d reality ( corporeal exi/5ce is truly & prop]ly animat$1 ens\l$1 & ev5 liv+4 ,or1 at lea/1 life is ! s\rce f :i* bo? ! ext]nal object ( mat]ial exi/5ce & ! inn] ?\ght1 life1 or consci\sness1 alike take _! rise--9 ?is "o common notion ( life1 t :i* exi/s & t :i* is consci\s meet toge!r & are fus$ into "o4 ,! :ole ( ! suppos$ contr>iety falls at once to ! gr\nd2 & no?+ rema9s b a c]ta9 diff]5ce ( degree1 /eps ( transition1 & fluctuation f "o /ate to ano!r1 simil> to t betwe5 life & dea?1 sleep+ & wak+4 ,:at we call exi/5ce is m]ely ! visible appe>ance ( a ?\ght1 x is ! ext]nal expression1 ! corporeal %ape ( an inn] life4 ,no d\bt ?is inn] & hidd5 life ( nature1 :5 contra/$ ) ! p]fectly cle> & free consci\sness ( man1 or /ill m1 :5 comp>$ ) a high] & sup]ior be+1 appe>s p]fectly unconsci\s4 ,b1 9 tru?1 x ought n to be consid]$ z be+ always & entirely su*2 at lea/1 x 0 n s orig9ally4 ,we ought r to expla9 x z a life & consci\sness :i* h fall5 into a /ate ( slumb]1 dream9ess1 or trance2 & ev5 if we mu/ suppose x to be /iff & rigid ) actual dea?1 /ill x is n ) t dea? :i* is et]nal & ev]la/+4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 implies at ! same "t t we may look ^u x z be+ 9 a comm5c+ /ate ( reawak5+1 ?\gh1 inde$1 x be v f> z yet f be+ fully awake4 ,&1 9 tru?1 9 man's mo/ p]fectly develop$ consci\sness1 d we n trace su* or a simil> reciprocation betwe5 sleep+ & wak+1 dream+ & ?9k+1 memory & oblivion--betwe5 ! full1 cle> day ( und]/&+1 compreh5sion1 & disc]nm5t1 & t night ( error & d>kness t c n be disp]s$1 :i* conflict+ op9ions1 ) _! passions & complications1 ca/ ov] ! human m9d8 ,9 tru?1 no absolute l9e ( dem>kation1 no impassable b>ri]1 subsi/s4 ,on ! contr>y1 !re are numb]less po9ts ( contact & /eps ( transition easy en\gh to trace f ! /ate ( a liv+ & wakeful consci\sness into t ( sleep1 or ( an app>5tly total rigidity & numbness4 ,/rictly & accurately speak+1 h[ev]1 !re is1 accord+ to ?is view ( life1 no su* ?+ z dea?2 !re is only a fluctuation & v>iation ( life ?r\gh its sev]al transitory =ms4 ,/ill we mu/ n =get t1 relatively to ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s1 all ( ^! =ms c n be reg>d$ z transitory4 ,9 nature1 dea? has no exi/5ce1 i4e41 dea? is nei!r ess5tial nor f ! beg9n+4 ,x 0 br\ght 9 aft]w>d1 & incid5tally1 into creation4 ,& inde$1 = man especially1 ! immortality ( ! s\l =ms n only an article ( ! cre$ ( a high] hope1 b x is also a visible fact ( nature1 an indisputable tru? ( hi/ory1 t e :]e pla9ly & l\dly ann\nces itself4 ,?is hypo!sis ( a real vitality1 inh]5t 9 all ! =ms ( exi/5ce1 :i* we may v prop]ly t]m ! only hypo!sis ( feel+ :i* ! liv+ tru? admits (1 01 9 anci5t times1 ! g5]al cre$ ( nature1 en=c$ by ! univ]sal feel+ ( mank9d1 & orig9ally held by all ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,x is only 9 mod]n times t ! "o-sid$ sagacity ( an elaborate & artificial sci5ce has drawn ?is /rong l9e ( dem>kation betwe5 ?\ght & entity1 & !reby lead to a total dead5+ ( bo?4 ,no soon]1 !re=e1 _h exi/5ce & consci\sness be5 torn f _! common root ( life1 & !reby =c$ asund] f ea* o!r1 ?an1 ) a view ( fill+ up ! great gap betwe5 !m1 ! deceptive rationalism ( an irrefragable *a9 ( de/9y1 & a necess>y pr$et]m9ation ( all ?+s1 took ! place :i* life _h =m]ly held1 b f :i* x _h be5 =cibly expell$4 ,,lecture ,,ix4 ,among ! widely-div]sifi$ =ms & ev] new applications "u :i* ! rational sy/em ( absolute k & necess>y connection is wont to exhibit itself1 f "t to "t1 "s are occasionally f\nd 9 :i* ! fir/ f\ndation is n e/abli%$ 9 t ma!matical =m & t rigor ( demon/ration :i* m>ks all ! subsequ5t /eps ( ! sy/ematic edifice4 ,9 a few sy/ems1 at lea/1 reason1 z ! faculty ( ! subjective ,ego1 is expressly assum$ to be an intr9sic fact ( ! consci\sness4 ,& ?is is done1 app>5tly1 9 ! v same way t 9 ! philosophy :i* sets out f life itself1 ! !ory ( ! consci\sness1 or ! developm5t ( ! notion !re(1 comm5ces ) "s su* fact ( ! inw>d cogitation1 z a fir/ pr9ciple giv5 & e/abli%$ by int]nal exp]i5ce4 ,b ! "q1 :e!r 9 any rationali/ic sy/em ?is assumption be really meant--9 :i* case ! :ole sy/em w\ld be to be reg>d$ z purely a sci5ce ( exp]i5ce--or is only app>5t1 be+ adopt$ = "s second>y object1 w be quickly det]m9$ z ! developm5t ( ! entire sy/em proce$s4 ,a few *>act]i/ic rem>ks1 bo? simple & easy to be und]/ood1 w soon enable u to decide4 ,if1 z reg>ds ! =m1 ) a pret5d$ ma!matical =m ( demon/ration1 x imm$iately introduces ! old ontological confusion ( un9telligible ab/ractions1 we may assume x z highly probable1 nay1 set x d[n z c]ta91 t1 9 spite ( its diff]5t =m & be>+1 x is ess5tially ! same inv>iable error ( id5tical ?\ght & unconditional be+ t is set =? 9 su* a sy/em4 ,b ! tok5 by :i* su* sci5tific fatalism mo/ surely & infallibly reveals itself1 is ! subject-matt] ( ! sy/em4 ,we c h no d\bt ( its pres5ce :]ev] ! pres5t /ate ( life & consci\sness1 :i* is m]ely accid5tal1 & by no means its orig9al "o1 is prov$1 or1 r1 by a pret5d$ demon/ration1 is set =? z its necess>y condition4 ,on ! contr>y1 t incessant alt]nation betwe5 life & dea?1 su* z ! latt] exi/s at pres5t 9 nature1 & :i*1 9 all its v>i\s =ms1 com+ & go+ l night & day1 sleep+ & wak+1 ebb & flood1 affects n ! individual only b ! :ole human race1 mu/1 accord+ to tru?1 be ev] reg>d$ z a p]petually *ang+ ev5t1 assum+ manifold diff]5t %apes1 & be+ v>i\sly modifi$ by ! influ5ce ( human fre$om4 ,& n ev5 = ! purposes ( sci5ce is x all[able to see1 9 :at is b a transitory /ate ( ! pres5t con/itution ( ?+s1 an et]nal & immutable law2 nor 9 its application to ! individual cases ( actual life1 to assume a necess>y pr$et]m9ation result+ f "s indissoluble *a9 ( de/9y4 ,moreov]1 ?is illusory phantom ( ! unconditional--t peculi> error ( ! reason :5ev] x is unduly appli$ & left :olly to itself--& ! semblance ( rationality :i* arises !re\t 9 a pr$et]m9$ & indissoluble en*a9m5t ( all ev5ts & ph5om5a1 is n conf9$ to ! doma9 ( sci5ce & its inn] _w ( ?\ght4 ,9 poetry1 "u ! notion ( de/9y1 x holds a prom95t & rem>kable position4 ,9 ! trag$y ( ! anci5ts especially1 x comes be=e u 9 peculi> spl5dor & maje/y1 z ! bl9d fate ( an iron necessity4 ,s9ce1 !n1 ?is notion1 ?\gh 9 itself & orig9ally no?+ b a m]e delusion1 has yet1 ?r\gh an almo/ univ]sal belief 9 its reality1 acquir$ & ex]cis$ = c5turies a fe>ful p[] ov] ! m9ds ( m51 x c n1 ( c\rse1 be omitt$ or refus$ a place 9 a truly arti/ic view & portraiture ( life4 ,?is view ( ! g5]al con/itution ( ?+s1 ?or\ghly & deeply tragic z x is1 mu/ ev] rema9 intr9sically & ess5tially hea!n4 ,b ev5 ! mo/ p]fect creations ( tragic art /& a full degree bel[1 or1 at lea/1 hold a some:at subord9ate position to1 ! epic songs & lays ( ! olde/ =etime4 ,= ?is ri* & copi\s /ream ( primal & et]nal recollections is ! s\rce f :i* e o!r =m ( poesy bran*es (f & d]ives its inspir$ wat]s2 ! liv+ play ( its bill[s1 z !y sweep along ) full & undivid$ flood1 be>s ) !m all ! magic treasures ( fancy2 & l ! _w-encircl+ ocean1 ) its ev]-*ang+ undulations1 x fl[s ar\nd all ! ages & epo*s ( nature & humanity4 ,! epos1 9 %ort1 is poesy itself4 ,9 x pre-em95tly ! v ess5ce ( poetry is pres5t1 & !re1 also1 are its true/ manife/ations4 ,e o!r =m ( poetic art con/itutes b a special k9d1 &1 z comp>$ ) ?is pure orig9al1 is1 s to speak1 a mix$ or appli$ poetry4 ,= 9 ! same way t music is an art ( long+1 :ile ! arts ( figure are ! *annels 9 :i* ! highe/ en?usiasm = visible beauty expresses itself2 s poesy is ! bright reflection ( ! _w z x is mirror$ on ! ev]-fl[+ love-/ream ( et]nal recollection4 ,b en?usiasm inv>iably atta*es itself to some?+ positive4 ,on ?is acc\nt x is t ! pla/ic arts are intr9sically ( two k9ds ess5tially diff]5t 9 "*4 ,:ile a hea!n beauty pr$om9ates 9 ! /atu>y & build+s ( anci5t times1 a _s ( ,*ri/ian inspiration is no less decid$ly & visibly app>5t 9 mod]n pa9t+ & ar*itecture4 ,&1 9 "s degree1 ?is rem>k applies1 to dramatic poetry2 =1 9 its inn] _s & "*1 encroa*+1 z x 71 into ! doma9 ( ! pla/ic art1 x =ms a peculi> species ( mix$ poetry4 ,b 9 epic poetry1 9 ! same way t all /reams fl[ into & comm+le 9 ! ocean1 all contra/s are s(t5$ (f & dissolv$1 &1 9 a true & g5u9e epic poem1 ! anci5t my?ology mu/ n impress u z hea!n--or1 at lea/1 ?is "* mu/ n !re be s decid$ly app>5t z x is 9 ,grecian trag$y4 ,e age t enjoys a high civilization1 & a r>e degree ( intellectual enlight5m5t1 ev5 ?\gh x has n lo/ all reli% = noble & orig9al poetry1 applies itself1 fir/ & pref]ably1 to ^? mix$ =ms :i* all[ ! free/ developm5t ( art1 & 9 :i* x frequ5tly atta9s to ! height ( excell5ce4 ,:51 h[ev]1 dur+ ! reign ( ! cold poetry ( ! head1 ! tragic view ( ! _w & ?+s manife/s itself no long] 9 ! gr& /yle ( free inv5tion1 b int]weaves & works itself up ) "s artificial & elaborate picture ( prosaic reality1 ! impression x leaves is d\bly pa9ful1 convey+ b ! clos+ reflections ( a de/ructive skepticism4 ,& 9 ! place ( t g5u9e poetical tru? :i* m>k$ ! deep & pregnant feel+s ( anci5t poesy1 ( :i* sc>ce a trace is "h to be f\nd1 we h1 on ! :ole1 no?+ b ! sci5tific illusion ( "s empty notion 9 ! deep b bitt] feel+ ( univ]sal negation4 ,9 ! :ole s]ies ( ! ess5tial errors ( sci5ce--( :i* "s "o =m or o!r is peculi> to ea* ( ! f\r great faculties ( ! m9d1 & :i*1 ?\gh n z an inevitable & irrem$iable limitation ( x1 yet /ill1 z a defective t5d5cy & an h]$it>y g]m ( deviation1 is !re indig5\s & dome/icat$--among all ^! v>i\s =ms ( error1 ! deceptive phantom ( ! unconditional1 ! seem+ id5tity ( necess>y be+ & absolute ?9k+ & kn[+1 has be5 %[n to belong especially to ! reason :5ev]1 quitt+ ! "r road1 x refuses to conf9e its op]ations )9 _! due limits4 ,9 consequ5ce1 h[ev]1 ( t close concat5ation & mutual influ5ce :i* p]vades all ! diff]5t =ms & species ( man's intellectual developm5t1 ,i deem$ x any ?+ b sup]flu\s to call y\r att5tion to ! fact1 t ?is sy/em ( necessity1 or1 9 o!r words1 ?is sci5tific fatalism1 plays a v ess5tial "p 9 ! poetical view ( ?+s1 & to notice ! %apes x !re assumes4 ,& j z ?is delusion ( ! reason1 :i* has giv5 rise to s _m false sy/ems 7:i*1 h[ev]1 are b "o1 s9ce !y d b repeat1 9 diff]5t =ms1 "o & ! same error ( ! absolute71 has _h a p[]ful effect ev5 on poetry1 hav+ ex]cis$ a great & decid$ influ5ce on ! int]nal con/itution ( ! tragic drama1 s1 9 a simil> mann]1 !re is a peculi> species ( sci5tific error :i* owes its orig9 to ! faculty ( imag9ation4 ,n[1 z might well be expect$1 :]ev] ?is inv5tive & productive faculty directs itself exclusively to ! side ( prosaic reality & to palpable corporeal ph5om5a1 ?is error1 & ! errone\s sci5tific sy/em to :i* x gives rise1 h1 above all o!rs1 a dry1 meag]1 & grossly mat]ial "*4 ,^? lovely illusions ( a fancy innoc5tly sport+ ) emblems & figures1 :i* mo/ imm$iately occur to our m9d :ile speak+ ( an error peculi> to t prov9ce ( ! imag9ation1 al?\gh purely sci5tific--,i am allud+ to ! fabul\s _w & imag9>y deities ( anci5t my?ology--^! furni% b little1 if any1 ob/acle 9 ! way ( sci5ce & ( ! acquisition ( physical tru?4 ,consid]$1 !re=e1 9 ?is light alone1 !y w\ld sc>cely dem& a place 9 our pres5t disquisitions4 ,=1 = u1 ! :ole ( !m possesses only a c]ta9 poetical tru?--or1 at mo/1 p]haps1 a deep] & mo/ p5etrat+ se>* may discov] 9 !m a symbolical signification1 :i* is1 und\bt$ly1 full ( deep mean+1 & !re=e is1 9 s f>1 also true4 ,b ! case 0 v diff]5t ) ! anci5ts !mselves4 ,&1 on ?is acc\nt1 :5 hea!nism 0 ! prevail+ fai?1 a lively opposition 0 rais$ aga9/ !m4 ,a /]n law ( morals & philosophy1 ) indiscrim9at+ c5sure1 w\ld h swept away ! :ole ( ! national my?ology4 ,"r & j z ?is c5sure may appe> to u1 s f> z x 0 direct$ aga9/ ! arbitr>y fictions1 or grossly s5sual features ( ^! fables1 /ill x is impossible to concur ) x totally & entirely4 ,occasionally1 ! po9t ( view is tak5 too n>r[ly & too exclusively4 ,moreov]1 x is und5iable1 t ^! anci5t objectors did n suffici5tly recognize ! symbolical mean+ ( _! own my?ology4 ,&1 9 fact1 !y 7 f> f be+ 9 a position to take a survey ( ! :ole cycle ( leg5ds among diff]5t nations1 & s to trace ! hi/orical connection ( !m all2 & ev5 if1 9 "s s+le po9ts1 !y und]/ood & gave due weight to ?is symbolical significancy1 occasionally mak+ use ( x !mselves1 x 0 only z a m]e intellectual amusem5t1 or ) ! n>r[ object ( illu/rat+ "s occasional e?ical discussion ( limit$ int]e/4 ,b a f> wid] & m ext5sive view ( antiquity lies be=e our eyes1 & hi/ory 9 its compreh5sive survey n[ takes 9 almo/ ! :ole ( ! anci5t _w4 ,mod]n inquiry1 !re=e1 ) its va/ erudition1 its pati5t obs]vation & quickness ( appreh5sion1 has succe$$ 9 e/abli%+ m completely ?an h]et(ore ! g5]al tru? ( ?is symbolical basis ( anci5t my?ology4 ,& by ?is means x has be5 able to trace ! inn] ?reads ( a high] tru? :i* lay conceal$ )9 ^? fictions1 & 7 ! s\rce ( _! vitality2 = x 0 f su* a beg9n+ ( tru? !y orig9ally set out1 h[ev] widely 9 _! subsequ5t c\rse & gr[? !y may h deviat$ !refrom4 ,inde$1 if x is all[able1 on ! gr\nd t ! true religion mu/1 f ! v fir/1 h be5 "o & ! same1 to give ! "n ( ,*ri/ianity to ! simple religion ( ! fir/ m5 & great sa9ts ( ! primeval _w1 !n may we well v5ture to ass]t t a ve9 ( ,*ri/ianity & ( ! k ( ! true ,god runs ?r\gh & ev] & anon manife/s itself on ! v surface ( hea!nism & 9 its sev]al my/]ies4 ,&1 9 tru?1 x w\ld be any ?+ b an unpr(itable task to trace1 ?r\gh ?is v>iety ( symbolical expressions1 ! s9u\s & intricate c\rse ( ! human m9d 9 its manifold developm5t1 z x pursu$ e direction1 & took up ! mo/ opposite positions 9 ord] to view & contemplate ! tru?4 ,h[ev]1 ?is ,*ri/ianity ( ! primeval _w1 ev5 :]e x kept itself free & pure f all admixture ( fiction & di/ortion1 c only be reg>d$ z a ,*ri/ianity 9 anticipation4 ,or1 p]haps1 we may look ^u x z an asc5d+ progression 7?\gh n uni=mly advanc+1 b m>k$ ) _m an app>5t *eck & recession1 or ev5 _m a void int]val ( expectation71 up to ! la/ t]m ( consummation 9 ! visible & actual manife/ation2 j z1 on ! o!r h&1 ,*ri/ianity1 s9ce t epo*1 may appe> to ! hi/orical inquir] 9 a desc5d+ s]ies1 if n 9 its def9ite =m & %ape or intellectual developm5t1 yet c]ta9ly 9 ! inw>d moral s5tim5t1 & ! p[] ( a liv+ fai?4 ,x is n[ a matt] pretty g5]ally admitt$1 & :i* is1 moreov]1 daily ga9+ a wid] concurr5ce1 t 9 ^! fables1 :i*1 at ! fir/ glance1 appe> ! m]e sportive creations ( fancy1 !re is ev5 conta9$ _m a beautiful hi]oglyphic ( nature & ( natural tru?4 ,a brief allusion to ! fact1 !re=e1 w suffice = our g5]al view1 :i* calls ^u u to notice x j s f> only z is necess>y to make our survey ( ! human m9d & its developm5t complete4 ,n[1 if x %\ld be dem&$ ( u psy*ologically to treat ( & to discuss at l5g? all ! delusions ( ! fancy1 we %\ld1 inde$1 op5 = ourselves a wide field ( labor4 ,x w\ld rival t ( ! anci5ts 9 _! treatises on ! possible fallacies ( logic1 & ! illegitimate =ms ( its syllogisms1 ) ! diff]5t rules = avoid+ & detect+ !m4 ,b 9 tru?1 ! psy*ological illusions ( ! fancy 9 actual life are no less num]\s nor less div]sifi$ 9 _! manife/ation ?an ! diff]5ces ( individual *>act]s1 :i* are incalculable4 ,& z to ^? logical errors1 on ! o!r h&1 :i* relate solely to ! =m ( argum5tation1 ! consid]ation ( !m w be mo/ pr(itably atta*$ to ^? bran*es ( sci5ce :i* conc]n ! p>ticul> prov9ce ( life 9 :i* !y sev]ally occur4 ,h[ev] useful = ! purposes ( practice a detail$ analysis & dissection ( !m may be1 x1 nev]!less1 lies :olly )\t ! limits ( our pres5t speculations4 ,by sci5tific errors1 :i*1 z aris+ f a natural disposition & excit+ cause 9 ! fundam5tal faculties ( ! human consci\sness1 des]ve to be call$ innate1 mu/ be und]/ood none b su* ess5tially false views ( ! :ole con/itution ( ?+s1 or su* sci5tific sy/ems z result f "s "o-sid$ t5d5cy or p]v]t$ application ( ! pr9cipal p[]s ( man's m9d4 ,we are n1 !re=e1 conc]n$ at pres5t ) ! poetic fancy & ! psy*ological delusions ( ?is faculty4 ,x c only be ) an imag9ation t has exclusively giv5 itself up to a sci5tific direction t we c h to d 9 discuss+ ! "q1 ,:at false sy/em1 & :at error 9 sci5ce g5]ally1 or 9 physical sci5ce especially1 c h proce$$ f a p]v]t$ use ( ?is faculty ( fancy8 ,?is1 x appe>s to me1 c be no o!r ?an ! well-kn[n mat]ialism--! atomi/ic view ( nature1 &1 :at is s closely connect$ ) x1 t atomi/ic ?9k+ ^: dead5+ "* is f> m dang]\s & fatal to philosophy ?an t mu*-decri$ 8sy/em ( nature10#gd :i*1 = ! mo/ "p1 has outliv$ its day1 &1 9 its =m] %ape1 at lea/1 is obsolete & out ( fa%ion4 ,?is atomi/ic view ( nature c n1 = "o mom5t1 be reg>d$ z or expla9$ by an error ( ! reason4 ,= ! reason seeks e :]e = an absolute unity4 ,b ^! imag9>y atoms1 out ( :i* all is compos$ & comp\nd$1 are inf9ite 9 multiplicity4 ,among !m !re is no?+ l unity4 ,all !re is ev] dissolv+ itself1 & fall+ asund] into an innum]able multitude ( sep>ate individuals4 ,nei!r c x be t]m$ an error ( ! und]/&+2 = ! latt] does n m]ely & univ]sally1 or e :]e & pr9cipally1 employ itself ) su* anatomical dissections & mutilations4 ,x labors r be=e all ?+s to und]/&1 to compreh5d ! :ole1 to seize ! inn] mean+1 to fa?om ! true significance1 & to ga9 a k ( ! v ess5ce1 9 its true _s & mean+4 ,b all ?is1 z x implies a liv+ pr9ciple1 is also applicable to su* alone4 ,:]e !re is nei!r life nor _s1 !re is no?+ to und]/&4 ,^! simple1 m9ute corpuscles ( nature1 or ^! indivisible p>ticles ( ! univ]se1 z ! f\ndation & pr9ciple ( ! collective _w ( nature & ( s5se1 w\ld =m an inexplicable & un9telligible aggregate4 ,b1 9 fact1 ! dissection & anatomy ( ! visible objects ( matt] has nev] yet succe$$ 9 rea*+ ^! inf9itely m9ute primal p>ticles ( exi/5ce4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! *emical analysis ( bodies t]m9ates 9 c]ta9 liv+ elem5ts ( a :olly volatile nature1 :i* defy & elude all su* gross & mat]ial manipulations4 ,! :ole hypo!sis1 !re=e1 mu/ be held to be p]fectly arbitr>y2 x is altoge!r an unf\nd$ fiction4 ,x is1 no d\bt1 highly unpoetical1 & any ?+ b fanciful2 nay1 r1 x is fatal bo? to life & fancy1 b a fiction x nev]!less is4 ,& on ?is acc\nt its orig9 mu/ be ascrib$ to ! imag9ation4 ,x 01 !re=e1 9 ?is s5se1 & relatively to ?is fact1 t ,i =m]ly ass]t$ t :5 once ! imag9ation--t is1 ! sci5tific imag9ation--appli$ itself to palpable corporeal ph5om5a1 !n ! error t x w\ld give rise to w\ld be a dry & meag] production ( a grossly mat]ial nature4 ,i might almo/ call x an imag9ation ( dea?1 inasmu* z ! :ole ( x is f\nd$ on ! dre>y hypo!sis t all is dead & lifeless1 &1 z su*1 contra/s s directly ) t anci5t & once univ]sally diffus$ cre$ ( nature :i* we s lately spoke ( z tea*+ t 9 ! visible univ]se1 & ev5 9 ! ext]nal & corporeal _w1 not)/&+ its appe>ance ( dea?1 e ?+ is animat$1 liv+1 & ens\l$4 ,fur!r to combat1 or totally to refute1 ! atomi/ic !ory1 w\ld be inconsi/5t ) our pres5t object2 t1 too1 is a duty :i* belongs r to :at is prop]ly natural philosophy4 ,moreov]1 x w\ld be a sup]flu\s task2 = a truly liv+ philosophy ( nature1 bas$ on a v diff]5t position1 & tak+ f> high] views1 has long s9ce & almo/ e :]e tak5 ! place ( ?is hypo!sis1 :i*1 z x kills ! _s1 s x di%onors nature4 ,"o hi/orical fact connect$ ) ! !ory is1 h[ev]1 des]v+ our notice4 ,leibnitz1 we "k1 oppos$ to ^! atoms ( ,epicurus1 z ! con/itu5ts ( all ?+s1 8 own monads1 z s _m liv+ & ens\l$ unities4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 by ?is exp$i5t1 ?is great ?9k]1 & 9 8 way1 truly exalt$ _s1 reta9$ ! same idea ( univ]sal & atomi/ic decomposition1 he did b reveal 9 x1 z 9 s _m o!r in/ances1 t feature ( 8 "* :i* enabl$ him1 by a sort ( half rejection (1 half connivance at1 error1 to put x aside ) ! skill ( a diplomati/1 r ?an to get rid ( x altoge!r4 ,b 9 sci5ce !re is ano!r errone\s t5d5cy1 :i* is /ill m deeply root$1 & :i* is f> m p]nici\s & dang]\s to true liv+ philosophy ?an ^! anci5t atoms & all ^! false1 mat]ializ+ sy/ems ( nature1 :i* 9 "s degree c>ry ) !m _! own refutation1 & t is an atomi/ic mode ( ?9k+1 :i* has its natural s\rce 9 ! pres5t defective & disorganiz$ /ate ( man's cognitive faculty4 ,true physical anatomy is a mo/ valuable sci5ce1 & has already l$ to mo/ important results4 ,9 ?is respect its m]its c n be rat$ too high1 s long z x does n dream ( detect+ ) its scalpel ! long-dep>t$ pr9ciple ( life1 b cont5ts itself ) endeavor+ to po9t out & deciph] 9 ! dead husk1 ! /ill rema9+ traces ( its g5]al con/itution1 or ( c]ta9 morbid /ates ( ! life t once liv$ & mov$ )9 x4 ,b ! dead & b>r5 anatomy ( ?\ght leads n to any simil>ly pregnant results4 ,b5ea? its dissect+ h&1 ! life t is /ill pres5t is ext+ui%$ =ev]2 & f ! hi/ory ( e sci5ce1 in/ances innum]able may be adduc$ to prove t be=e ?is baneful _s ( analysis all high & noble tru? disappe>s4 ,!re are1 !n1 two pr9cipal s\rces ( philosophical error4 ,on ! "o h& comes ! illusory phantom ( unconditional entity & ( id5tical ?\ght1 ) all t foll[s !refrom 9 ! mo/ div]sifi$ =ms ei!r ( sci5tific fatalism1 or a poetical pan!ism1 or "s false or p]v]t$ tragic view ( ! _w & ?+s4 ,on ! o!r /&s ! atomi/ic !ory1 ) its k9dr$ errors ( a mat]iali/ic ca/ ( ?\ght1 & ! atomi/ic ?9k+ itself1 & ! dead analysis ( g5]al notions1 ) t imag9ation ( dea? s deeply root$ 9 ! human m9d on :i* !y all re/4 ,& ^! two delusions =m t curse ( m5tal bl9dness :i* f ! v fir/ has inv>iably re/$ on su* usurp$ absolutism & omnipot5ce ( reason :5 x sets itself up z supreme4 ,or !y are1 p]haps1 ! n[ h]$it>y diseas$ symptoms ( m5tal pov]ty & numbness :i* m>k & di/+ui% ! faculty ( ?\ght :5ev] x is caught & ti$ ) ! fett]s ( mat]ialism4 ,! above are errors ( a g5]al k9d1 :e!r faults ( objective ?9k+ or p]v]t$ directions ( ?\ght1 on :i* ! p]sonal "* ex]cises little influ5ce4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 a f> great] effect on ^? =ms & species ( sci5tific error :i* h _! seat 9 ! human w & und]/&+2 = 9 ! latt] all become m or less individual1 & 9 !m "*1 s5tim5t1 passion1 & ! free resolve1 ex]cise ! greate/ influ5ce4 ,consequ5tly x is extremely difficult 9 ! case ( ^? errors :i* fl[ f a common1 or1 at lea/1 k9dr$ s\rce1 & :i* are s intimately int]wov5 toge!r1 to sep>ate & det]m9e :at portion belongs to ! m]e cognitive faculty1 & :at to t :i* wills1 works1 & acts4 ,h[ev]1 ,i %all v5ture to speak simply & pla9ly ( ! prejudice ( egoism1 z hav+ its root pr9cipally 9 ! w1 ev5 ?\gh x (t5 spr+s up q involunt>ily4 ,its exi/5ce ext5ds widely ov] ! pursuits & ?\ghts ( man1 & is ev5 app>5t 9 ! spiritual doma91 :]e ! pure pursuit ( ! highe/ tru? is n altoge!r free f x4 ,x is v seldom1 h[ev]1 t ?is error %apes itself into a decid$ly & completely ideali/ic view ( ! _w1 & a simil> p]fect sy/em ( sci5ce4 ,= su* a view f9ds on all sides s mu* opposition1 & becomes itself s involv$ ) difficulties1 t x nev] c be c>ri$ out into a univ]sally consi/5t sy/em4 ,at any rate1 su* a sy/em is v seldom ( long duration4 ,x is s decid$ly 9 opposition to man's inmo/ feel+s1 t :5 x is fir/ prop\nd$1 its />tl+ /rang5ess (t5 gives rise to ! d\bt :e!r x be really to be und]/ood lit]ally1 & 7 ev] meant s]i\sly4 ,x frequ5tly happ5s1 !re=e1 t ! fir/ au?or & f\nd] ( su* a sy/em ( egoism makes 9 8 second revision ( x _m & ess5tial modifications2 or1 r1 he may be m correctly said to take q a diff]5t position1 & to give a :olly new turn to 8 ideas4 ,( ?is _m an example might1 if ?is 7 ! appropriate place1 be easily adduc$ f ! hi/ory ( ! human m9d 9 g5]al1 :ile our own times furni% "s /rik+ & rem>kable in/ances ( x4 ,a l5g?y analysis & refutation ( a real & decid$ sy/em ( idealism w\ld1 !re=e1 be sc>cely necess>y1 inasmu* z1 prop]ly1 x furni%es its own refutation2 at any rate1 x w\ld n fall )9 ! scope ( our pres5t disquisition1 ^: pr9cipal object is to give a full exposition ( ! inn] & high] life4 ,= ?is purpose1 all t 0 requir$ 0 to notice ?is sci5tific ab]ration z a peculi> & rem>kable =m 9 ! :ole sy/em ( human errors1 & ) ?is view to sket*1 9 a few prom95t features1 its g5]al "*4 ,:at ,i h said ( ! sy/em ( idealism1 ,i w\ld n1 h[ev]1 by any means wi% to be appli$ to ideali/ic d\bt4 ,= ?is1 l d\bt 9 g5]al1 may p]haps =m a salut>y & highly b5eficial crisis1 out ( :i* a well-e/abli%$ & enlight5$ sy/em ( k is to arise4 ,inde$1 ,i am dispos$ to believe1 h[ev] p>adoxical x may seem 7& p]haps x is a pr(\nd inw>d feel+ ( its p>adoxical "* t c>ries ) x my conviction71 t ?is ideali/ic d\bt is m likely to lead to a welcome *ange 9 ! prevail+ views ( sci5ce1 ?an t d\bt :i* assails life itself1 & :i*1 z direct+ itself aga9/ ! fre$om ( ! w1 ,i w\ld call a moral skepticism2 = ! latt] is diffus$ v widely inde$1 & )\t any sci5tific pret5sion1 z ! m]e fatalism ( ord9>y reflection4 ,:at1 h[ev]1 we are pr9cipally conc]n$ ) at pres5t1 is ! prejudice accru+ to ! cause ( sci5ce f ! fundam5tal errors :i* cl+ to ! human m9d 9 its pres5t =m4 ,n[ 9 ?is respect ! evil influ5ce ( ! prejudice ( egoism is p]haps ! mo/ ext5sive ( all4 ,ev5 :5 x does n manife/ itself op5ly 9 its mo/ extreme & revolt+ =m1 x secretly ins9uates itself into all m5's ?\ghts & actions1 & p]vades m or less e region ( tru?4 ,inde$1 we may say1 or1 r1 mu/ confess1 t ev5 9 ! mo/ able1 pure1 & p]fect expositions ( well-e/abli%$ tru?s--:atev] may be ! =m !y take1 :e!r sci5tific1 hi/orical1 arti/ic1 or rhetorical1 or p]haps be design$ = ! practical illu/ration & guidance ( life--a c]ta9 subjective bone & color+ is m or less p]ceptible4 ,ov] all human compositions & n m]ely art & poetry 7:]e1 ?\gh n absolutely & univ]sally1 yet /ill to a c]ta9 degree x is all[able71 a peculi> light is ?r[n f ! p]sonal ,me ( ! au?or1 z reflect$ ?r\gh ! imm$iate sph]e ( 8 associates & ! circle ( ideas 9 :i* 8 m9d has be5 accu/om$ to revolve4 ,aga9/ su* an influ5ce1 :e!r proce$+ f ourselves or o!rs1 we c n be too dilig5tly on our gu>d4 ,9 all our judgm5ts & conclusions we ought c>efully to put x aside4 ,& ?is is ! only true & legitimate ab/raction :i* holds good bo? = sci5ce & = life4 ,b ?us to ab/ract our own ,me & subjective peculi>ities is a duty :i* is f> f be+ commonly obs]v$1 & is1 9 tru?1 extremely difficult1 ev5 ) ! greate/ hone/y ( purpose1 p]fectly to accompli%4 ,z we h s (t5 spok5 ( an un9telligible m$ley ( b>r5 ab/ractions z s _m empty =ms ( ?\ght1 ?is tru] notion ( ab/raction may well be all[$ a brief pass+ consid]ation4 ,x seems n improbable t 9 an old] =m ( sci5ce1 & a m religi\s way ( ?9k+1 ?is notion did possess ?is high] & m correct signification4 ,at lea/1 x is evid5t t if we w\ld m$itate ^u ,god & div9e ?+s1 & give up ourselves fully & entirely to ^! contemplations1 we mu/ fir/ =get ! :ole out] _w & )draw our ?\ghts f x1 & at ! same "t rise above ourselves & g out ( ourselves & our own n>r[ & f9ite ,me4 ,almo/ all ! notions ( sci5ce possess$ orig9ally a gr& & exalt$ import4 ,x 0 only 9 c\rse ( "t t1 det]iorat$ by common usage1 !y sunk into empty =mulas ( error4 ,9 life1 inde$1 ! subjective prejudices ( man1 "u ! influ5ce ( a w c>ri$ away & n>r[$ by !m1 has _h s wide a range ( action z to be co-ext5sive ) ! :ole field ( human action4 ,! willfulness ( *ildr5 =ms ! pr9ciple ob/acle t education has to deal )2 & ! inflexible ob/9acy & passionat5ess ( p>ty _s is ! rul+ p[] 9 public life1 ! cause ( mo/ ( its cata/rophes1 & ! s\rce ( its greate/ p]ils4 ,9 %ort1 7 we to attempt to ext5d our survey to all ! prejudices :i* spr+ out ( n>r[ subjective views1 & ! great & ext5sive au?ority :i* long-*]i%$ op9ions ex]cise bo? ov] ! inn] man & ! out] _w1 ! *apt] devot$ to !m 9 a sy/em or manual ( a practical k ( humanity w\ld be z long z t :i* %\ld enum]ate ! false syllogisms & all ! violations t 7 possible1 ei!r 9 ?\ght or practice1 ( ! logical =m ( "r reason+1 or ev5 z t o!r :i* %\ld comprise all ! psy*ological delusions ( ! fancy4 ,we mu/1 !re=e1 conf9e ourselves to a brief1 b /ill complete sket*4 ,& to insure su* complet5ess !re is "o rem>k to be made1 :i* is f> f unimportant1 or at lea/ n sup]flu\s4 ,& t ref]s fir/ ( all to ! relation :i* subsi/s betwe5 ! ab]rations ( ! und]/&+ & ^? ( ! w1 & 9 ! next place to t betwe5 ! fancy & ! reason1 & to ! contr>iety usually aris+ f an undue pr$om9ance ( ei!r ( ^! two faculties4 ,und]/&+ & w /& 9 a v close connection toge!r1 _! reciprocal influ5ce be+ v consid]able4 ,9 _m an error1 or at lea/ 9 _m a p]v]se & errone\s direction ( ?\ght & op9ion1 we are sc>cely able to decide :e!r ! w & s5tim5ts1 or ! und]/&+ & special modes ( ?9k+1 h ! great] "p4 ,h[ difficult1 = in/ance1 is x to det]m9e ?is po9t 9 ! case ( ! pr$om9ant _s ( contradiction1 :e!r x reveal itself z a reaction1 hav+ inde$ an ext]nal excit+ cause1 b /ill ?or\ghly passionate1 or appe> 9 ! %ape ( a m]e delight 9 opposition1 su* z is f\nd 9 _m1 & (t5 highly di/+ui%$ individuals4 ,= bo? ^! motives h great influ5ce1 n only 9 life b also 9 ! doma9 ( sci5ce1 develop+ !mselves !re9 z a fruitful s\rce ( error4 ,z to d\bt3 x is ev5 t /ate1 or t t5d5cy ( ! m9d gei/ peculi> to ! und]/&+1 :i* ?\gh 9 itself n absolutely culpable or faulty1 is c]ta9ly errone\s1 & "o :i* 9 its extreme manife/ation becomes a negative error ( ! v wor/ & mo/ p]nici\s k9d 9 sci5ce4 ,i h already sev]al times m5tion$1 9 pass+1 & by way ( anticipation1 t d\bt appe>s to =m "o ( ! mo/ *>act]i/ic & peculi> ( man's fundam5tal prop]ties4 ,z sleep =ms = man1 z comp>$ ) ! pure & ev]-wakeful spirits1 an ess5tial & peculi> /ate ( 8 organic life 9 ! body1 & z t et]nal hope :i* is innate 9 ! human s\l is ackn[l$g$ to be its high] /amp & ,godlike signature1 j s & 9 a simil> way mu/ d\bt be reg>d$ z ! inborn "* ( ! human m9d1 or at lea/ z "o ( its mo/ indelible features4 ,& inde$ ?is /ruggle ( d\bt & hope 7:i* ev5 aft] ! full atta9m5t ( int]nal c]ta9ty & peace1 /ill survives 9 a degree1 %[+ itself :5 we come to ! special po9ts ( practical application1 & 9 tru? w nev] :olly cease 9 ?is l[] _w71 ?is conflict betwe5 hope & d\bt holds no less important nor less ext5sive a place 9 ! inn] spiritual _w ?an ! reciprocation ( sleep+ & wak+ does 9 ! ext]nal & organic1 ma9ta9+ ! due equilibrium ( ! bodily p[]s & _! heal?y /ate4 ,n[1 d\bt takes its rise pre-em95tly & orig9ally 9 ! und]/&+4 ,! latt] is its appropriate place 9 ! :ole human consci\sness1 ?\gh f !nce x quickly spreads ov] its :ole sph]e & ext5ds to its utmo/ limits4 ,! delusion s peculi> to ! reason1 ( an absolute unity or id5tity & necessity1 leads r to a false & p]fectly imag9>y sci5ce1 :i* = ! mo/ "p aims at possess+ or dreams ( hav+ atta9$ to a ma!matical c]ta9ty4 ,& ?\gh ! intr9sic contradiction & inconsi/5cy :i* reigns 9 ?is absolute view ( ! _w & ?+s1 not)/&+ ! d5ial ( all contr>iety ) :i* x sets out1 & :i*1 app>5tly at lea/1 x does get rid ( at ! beg9n+1 is well calculat$ to provoke & occasion d\bt2 /ill x is n ! seat :]e d\bt is orig9ally eng5d]$ & fir/ takes its rise4 ,! act ( und]/&+1 on ! contr>y1 supposes an antec$5t /ate ( its abs5ce4 ,! object or ?\ght :i* is n[ und]/ood = ! fir/ "t1 mu/ h already exi/$ z a giv5 matt]1 /&+ be=e u z a problem = our previ\s ignorance up to ! "t t we succe$$ 9 solv+ x4 ,9 tru?1 ! act ( und]/&+ is no?+ m ?an ! pass+ f ignorance into intellig5ce4 ,& ?is passage is n always effect$ at "o /ep1 b = ! mo/ "p by sl[ degrees1 & (t5 v sl[ly & gradually inde$4 ,n[1 d\bt1 z ! int]m$iate /ate betwe5 ! orig9al ignorance & ! inw>d ye>n+ aft] c]ta9ty1 =ms ! crisis ( ?is passage or transition4 ,prim>ily1 !re=e1 & z /ripp$ ( all p]v]t$ applications & unlimit$ ext5sion1 x is n 9 its ess5ce an imp$im5t to k1 b r an indisp5sable aid & useful in/rum5t = ! atta9m5t & p]fection ( sci5ces4 ,wond]1 accord+ to ! s5se 9 :i* x is employ$ 9 "s passages ( ! ,platonic philosophy1 z ! inn] amazem5t ( ! _s1 or ! a/oni%$ rapture ( ! s\l at ! happy discov]y--! fir/ op5+ out ( ! tru?--wond]1 we might say1 is ! "m ( k1 :i* be>s 9 its womb & gives to ! light ! fir/ g]m ( x2 b d\bt is ! fa!r1 by :om ! int]nal basis1 & also ! ext]nal =m ( sci5ce1 is & c alone be p]fect$4 ,& inasmu* z sci5ce1 al?\gh relatively & = any precise & giv5 =m x may appe> complete1 yet 9 itself1 & g5]ally1 & ) reg>d bo? to its et]nal diffusion & intr9sic advance1 c nev] rea* to full p]fection 9 ?is l[] _w2 !re=e d\bt c nev] prop]ly cease altoge!r4 ,b /ill1 if d\bt is to rema9 a :olesome co-op]ative p[] ( k1 "o requisition & dem&1 & "o only1 mu/ be made ^u x4 ,x mu/ nev] "q ! hope & ! end ( tru? itself1 & mu/ n give up t inw>d se>* aft] k1 ( :i* x is really design$ to s]ve z ! organ4 ,9 ! =m ( a univ]sal skepticism1 h[ev]1 x falls into a tone ( unconditional decision1 :i* involves an assumption ( complete c]ta9ty1 &1 consequ5tly1 ( a p]fect1 ?\gh negative k1 totally inconsi/5t ) its true "*4 ,x !reby und]m9es its own f\ndation4 ,absolute d\bt1 !re=e1 alone con/itutes sci5tific error4 ,z su* x mu/ inv>iably be look$ ^u :5ev]1 ris+ to ! height ( despair1 x pron\nces sci5ce to be unatta9able4 ,x is su* unlimit$ ext5sion t con/itutes a fault or error4 ,b ev5 9 ?is respect x is extremely difficult to det]m9e = individuals1 nations1 & eras1 ?is utmo/ limit1 beyond :i* d\bt becomes culpable4 ,x is a %ift+ l9e ( dem>kation1 accord+ z ! p]plexity ( inf9ite d\bt1 rema9+ no?+ m ?an a passive /ate ( int]nal conflict1 is n rais$ into an abid+ pr9ciple & un*angeable maxim ( life4 ,besides1 x is extremely difficult to det]m9e1 z a g5]al law1 h[ f> d\bt c & may g be=e hope is entirely lo/4 ,nay1 x is n easy to say :e!r1 ev5 9 ?is p]nici\s extravagance1 x may n trans=m itself into good1 & br+ ab\t a salut>y crisis ( transition1 &1 be+ set free f its own exagg]ations1 discov] ! true road to ! goal ( tru?1 & to a ?or\gh und]/&+ ( x4 ,x is only :5 absolute d\bt1 9 its full en]gy1 is set up purposely & =ev] z ! f9al conclusion ( all ?\ght & reflection1 z ! supreme sci5ce itself1 be+ develop$ ) cool1 calm self-possession1 & appli$ to all ?+s )\t exception1 t ?is _s ( absolute negation becomes totally errone\s4 ,9 ?is case1 inde$1 x is irr$eemably bad2 z ! ho/ile antagoni/ ( all t is good & preci\s1 x ov]turns tru? itself toge!r ) sci5ce4 ,& :o1 !n1 is ! au?or ( all evil 9 man himself1 & 9 all 8 ?\ghts1 k1 & volitions1 z well z 9 all ! re/ ( creation8 ,x is ! d>k _s ( negation :o s well kn[s h[ to veil himself 9 ! false light ( app>5tly brighte/ cle>ness4 ,& s9ce we h rea*$ up to ! height1 or1 r1 d[n to ! dep?s1 ( ?is prim>y s\rce ( all error1 x may p]haps be necess>y to add a fur!r rem>k or two on ?is prime au?or ( untru?1 ) a view ( gu>d+ aga9/ ! misconceptions t o!rwise might arise only too naturally4 ,9 ,holy ,writ he is call$ ! ,_s & ! ,pr9ce ( ?is _w4 ,9 anci5t times1 ?is description has be5 greatly misund]/ood4 ,x 0 tak5 to mean t he is prop]ly ! demiurge & subord9ate creator ( ?is s5sible _w1 9 :i* !re are s _m traces ( fe>ful diss5sion1 pr(\nd corruption1 & disord]4 ,! intr9sic /ate ( nature 9 its pres5t condition appe>$ to _m ?9k]s s inexpressibly mis]able & s full ( deadly evil1 t !y c\ld n br+ !mselves to ascribe its orig9ation to ! true ,god4 ,b ev5 ?\gh nature be 9 fact ev] s heavily lad5 ) woes & intr9sically mis]able--7& inde$ x is spok5 ( 9 ! ,book ( ,tru? z ! creature 8groan+ & travail+ 9 pa907--?\gh ! _w 7 ev5 f> m fe>fully r5t ) disord] & corruption1 & *a9$ & fett]$ to a %ape /rang] to goodness & tru? ?an seems at ! fir/ glance to be ! case1 /ill !re w\ld be no gr\nd = adopt+ ! ori5tal view ( two pr9ciples4 ,& inde$ ! wond] is h[ x c\ld ev] h f\nd adh]5ts2 s9ce ?is _w1 already suffici5tly di/ract$1 is !reby b involv$ 9 /ill deep] diss5sion1 & actually r5t into two di/9ct p>ts1 s t x becomes no long] possible to ?9k or conceive ( su* a ?+ z tru?1 or to hope = any v]itable & satisfactory s*eme ( k4 ,?is /range religi\s error1 into :i* ! primal _w ( ,asia1 ) its deep & pr(\nd emotions1 fell1 is s remote & =eign to ! m mod]ate1 n to say cold]1 s5tim5ts ( ! ,we/1 t x is extremely difficult to set x =? & und]/& x 9 all its actual awfulness4 ,x w\ld1 !re=e1 be z idle z x w\ld be inappropriate = me to ent] fur!r into ?is false1 b anci5t sy/em ( dualism4 ,/ill !re is "o rem>k :i* ess5tially belongs to our pres5t subject1 & is also closely connect$ ) :at has gone be=e4 ,! fir/ au?or ( untru?1 we h se51 c n = a mom5t be reg>d$ z ! true demiurge & creator ( ! _w1 z ! ori5tal view w\ld repres5t him4 ,nev]!less1 inasmu* z evil1 univ]sally & individually1 9 great & 9 little1 is a deceptive image & imitation ( good1 ?is _s ( ev]la/+ negation has unque/ionably a _w ( 8 own1 :i* is 8 production1 & 9 a c]ta9 degree call$ =? & creat$ by him4 ,& t is ! null & see+ _w ( void naught1 :i*1 h[ev]1 ?r\gh a fatal delusion & belief 9 its reality1 & ?r\gh its opposition to ! good z well z ! true1 has become a real naught1 & mu/ be consid]$ z su*4 ,! actual _w ( ! b5efic5t ,creator 0 creat$ out ( no?+1 s9ce1 besides ,himself1 all is no?+ b a mirror ( ,8 p]fection1 a m]e reflection ( ,8 inf9ite p[] & glory4 ,b ?\gh x 0 made out ( no?+1 x 0 yet creat$ = some?+1 or1 r1 = v mu*1 ev5 = an ev]-advanc+ approximation to1 & a f9ally complete id5tity )1 its ,mak]4 ,?is good & noble some?+1 z ! supreme end ( ! true creation1 is1 h[ev]1 oppos$ by ! naught ( ! d>k _w ( %ad[s1 :i* has n[ become real1 &1 consequ5tly1 evil4 ,?us creat$1 h[ev]1 or at lea/ %ap$ & produc$ out ( some?+1 x exi/s = no?+1 ev5 = t naught :i* con/itutes ! prop] _w1 ! field ( action & vital atmosph]e ( ! evil pr9ciple4 ,9 ! case ( an individual ^: delusions h be5 c>ri$ to ! height ( passion1 & ^: s\l is torn & di/ract$ by a p]fect despair ( all tru?1 x is sometimes said t he has hell itself 9 8 he>t2 su* a mode ( speak+ 7z is usually ! case ) su* images & metaphors1 :i* we use )\t associat+ ) !m any v cle> or def9ite ideas71 is p]fectly & 9 sob] e>ne/ness q true4 ,9 a metaphysical s5se ev51 x is p]fectly precise & correct4 ,if ?is absolute d\bt1 :i* is s (t5 set up = ! supreme pr9ciple ( all ?\ght & k1 7 always to %[ & exhibit itself su* z x really is1 & 9 its inmo/ nature1 & if :at x ultimately leads to1 & f :at s\rce x orig9ally spr+s1 7 fully kn[n1 !n w\ld ?is skeptical view ( ?+s1 ) its wild exagg]ations1 :i* g beyond all ! analogy ( human nature1 prove f> less baneful ?an x does at pres5t4 ,9 g5]al x w\ld less easily ga9 ass5t & make a f> weak] impression4 ,b inasmu* z ?is fatally p]nici\s & mo/ absurd p>adox does n /& out "h s %>ply & cle>ly z x does 9 ! g5u9e ideali/ic !ory1 b is mo/ly veil$ & hidd5 b5ea? ! manifold beauties ( an exquisite skill ( exposition1 :i* v (t5 drops ! rigor ( sci5tific =m1 x consequ5tly numb]s f> m adh]5ts ?an c\ld h be5 believ$ to be possible4 ,inde$1 !y are almo/ z num]\s z ! admir]s ( a poetical pan!ism1 ) :i* x contrives occasionally to =m a half compact & seem+ly id5tifies itself4 ,& ?is fact alone furni%es a suffici5t reason :y we %\ld n pass x ov] altoge!r unnotic$ 9 ^! ,lectures4 ,h[ev]1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t all our objections & exceptions are direct$ exclusively aga9/ an absolute skepticism1 z ex]cis+ by its p]v]t$ application & undue ext5sion1 a fatally de/ructive influ5ce on sci5ce & on life4 ,! true d\bt1 :i* keeps )9 its prop] limits & on ! road to its appo9t$ goal ( a con/antly advanc+ b nev] p]fect k1 des]ves to be reg>d$ z an ev] active & co-op]ative p[] = ! developm5t ( tru? & sci5ce4 ,x mu/ !re=e be confess$ t ! appo9t$ gu>dians ( ! publicly ackn[l$g$ tru? 7:i*1 z su*1 ought to possess univ]sal au?ority1 bo? 9 ! /ate & ! spiritual doma97 d n always exhibit ! greate/ wisdom & discretion4 ,too (t5 d !y viol5tly suppress e movem5t ( d\bt )\t di/9ction1 & all[ no op5+ to x 9 any %ape4 ,= by ?is c\rse !y d b exagg]ate ! spiritual & intellectual evil t already exi/s4 ,at lea/ ?is purely negative me?od c nev] totally eradicate x4 ,we h n[1 !n1 completely depict$1 9 _! lead+ features at lea/1 ! pr9cipal errors to :i* sci5ce is expos$4 ,& if we h enabl$ y to reg>d !m z errors bo? 9 _! orig9 & _! subsequ5t "*1 we mu/ at ! same "t1 by means ( ! contra/1 h ?r[n additional light & di/9ctness on ! idea ( sci5ce1 n only z reg>ds its diff]5t elem5ts & con/itu5ts1 b also ! :ole p]iph]y & c5t] ( int]nal c]ta9ty4 ,if1 n[1 x %\ld be requir$ ( u to give a common *>act]i/ic ( all ! fundam5tal errors :i*1 pot5tially at lea/1 exi/ 9 ! human consci\sness--if x be wi%$ t we %\ld comprise "u "o g5]al designation ! false phantom ( absolute unity & necessity 9 sci5ce--! imag9>y fiction ( dea? br\ght into nature by a dead & atomi/ic mode ( ?9k+--! prejudices ( ! ,ego or ,me1 & ! _s ( et]nal negation1 :i* is utt]ly fatal to tru?--!n1 = ?is purpose1 no?+ else w\ld rema9 b an empty =mula or unsub/antial notion1 viz41 ! dead absolute4 ,at lea/ ?is w\ld be ?or\ghly appropriate to convey t intr9sic indiff]5ce ( all =ms ( sci5tific untru?4 ,oppos$ !reto1 & =m+ ! c5t] ( a true & valid k1 is t s\rce ( et]nal love )9 ! feel+ to :i* we h already s (t5 allud$1 designat+ x by ei!r simil> or some:at diff]5t expressions4 ,to def5d & securely to settle ?is liv+ c5t] ( all high] tru? & true sci5ce aga9/ ! attacks ( absolute skepticism1 0 ev5 ! task :i* we propos$ to ourselves f ! outset4 ,x 0 h[ev] f> f our int5tion1 :ile dis*>g+ ?is duty1 :olly to put d\bt itself "u a ban4 ,on ! contr>y1 we look ^u ! latt] z an ess5tial means ( improvem5t1 & z an almo/ indisp5sable organ ( developm5t 9 a liv+ progression ( k4 ,n[ 9 ^! def9ite limits1 bo? = ! exclusion ( absolute skepticism & = ! recognition & correct application at all times ( a g5u9e & salut>y d\bt1 we h1 we ?9k1 f\nd a satisfactory answ] to ! great "q ( tru? & ( ! possibility ( man's atta9+ to a k ( x4 ,& if s1 we h at ! same "t %[n completely t d\bt =ms a decisive crisis 9 ! human m9d1 & !reby happily solv$ ! problem :i* at an e>li] p]iod we prop\nd$ ) reg>d to x4 ,& moreov]1 z 0 !n decl>$ to be necess>y1 ! in/9ctive feel+ ( tru? )9 ! v c5t] ( love has be5 rais$ to & e/abli%$ 9 ! dignity ( an intellig5t feel+ or a solid judgm5t ( inw>d c]ta9ty1 & ( an imm$iate p]ception !re(4 ,& ?is imm$iate p]ception ( inw>d c]ta9ty mu/ s]ve z ! transition f ! fir/ develop$ notion ( ! consci\sness to our n[ m enlight5$ idea ( sci5ce1 & also =m ! connect+ l9k betwe5 !m4 ,be=e1 h[ev]1 we c close our pres5t developm5t ) ?is notion ( judgm5t or intellig5t feel+ ( inw>d c]ta9ty1 "o "q rema9s to be answ]$1 or p]haps "o rem>k to be add$4 ,& ?is relates to tru? itself1 z ! inmo/ c5t] ( su* an imm$iate p]ception1 :ile ! "q t occurs is1 :at is x1 p] se1 to "k1 & :at is x t 9 ! act ( kn[+ really takes place 9 ! human m9d8 ,n[ x has be5 long admitt$ t true kn[+ consi/s 9 ?is3 t a man disc]ns ?+s1 n m]ely z !y outw>dly appe>1 b z !y are really & truly 9 !mselves4 ,b ?is true intr9sic ess5ce ( ?+s is seiz$ or und]/ood by him only :o p]ceives !m su* z !y proce$$ f ! ,deity1 h _! be+ 9 ,him1 & su* z !y /& be=e ,8 omnisci5t eye & are se5 by him4 ,:at1 !n1 is true k1 if su* be possible = man8 ,n[1 suppos+ ! exi/5ce ( a liv+ ,god--& h[1 )\t ?is univ]sal prim>y & imp]i%able hypo!sis1 c\ld !re be ei!r talk or "q ab\t tru? or k 9 g5]al8--?is supposition !n involves ! idea ( an omnipres5t ,deity1 9 :om all exi/+ ?+s 8live & move1 & h _! be+10 ev5 ?\gh ,he does n visibly appe>1 & is hidd5 to ! outw>d eye ( s5se4 ,truly to "k1 !re=e1 w\ld be1 if we may s express x1 to feel & draw out ! lat5t pres5ce ( ,god 9 objects1 & !reby to seize & p]ceive _! true intr9sic ess5ce4 ,n[1 if x is necess>y to di/+ui% ! sev]al grades ( developm5t ( ?is spiritual or intellectual feel+ :i* draws out ! inn] tru? ( ?+s1 its fir/ /ep mu/ be describ$ z a p]ception1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is bo? f )\t & remote4 ,! second w\ld be a s5sation1 i4e41 ! full c]ta9 f9d+ ! tru? 9 "o's self4#ge ,z to ! la/ /ep ( consummation1 t w\ld am\nt to an intellectual intuition1 ev5 ?\gh1 by reason ( human f9it5ess1 x mu/ ev] rema9 indirect4 ,/ill x w\ld n1 on t acc\nt1 be less pr(\ndly se>*+ & p5etrat+1 :ile1 9 x1 t ( :i* we h n[ fir/ become c]ta9 comes =? ext]nally p]fect1 & admits ( be+ imp>t$ to o!rs4 ,& unque/ionably = t philosophy :i* pret5ds to op5 & unveil a true & "r und]/&+ ( ! inn] & high] life1 aft] ! fir/ grade1 :i* took = its basis ! full & complete notion ( ! consci\sness2 & aft] ! second1 9 :i* ! idea ( sci5ce is unfold$1 ?is intuition ( tru? =ms ! ?ird degree1 & also ! f9al close & completion1 ( ! :ole4 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to und]/& h[ su* an intuitive k is possible1 we mu/ be> 9 m9d t x is n we :o raise ourselves to ! div9e idea2 b t1 on ! contr>y1 x is x t takes hold ( our m9ds1 be+ imp>t$ to & work+ )9 u4 ,! deadly attacks ( skepticism may1 no d\bt1 be direct$ successfully en\gh aga9/ an unconditional sci5ce ( reason1 :]e its action or reaction1 :i* br+s out ! intr9sic contradiction ( su* a sy/em1 is bo? salut>y & desirable1 9 ord] to de/roy ! false semblance ( a spuri\s necessity4 ,all its bl[s1 h[ev]1 glance (f f a real & solid exp]i5ce1 & soon cease entirely4 ,& j s1 also1 ! limit ( an assum$ or cr$it$ impossibility1 :i* is too ha/ily & too ne>ly set up1 is quickly ov]/epp$ by facts !mselves4 ,v (t51 be=e n[1 has x happ5$1 9 exp]im5tal sci5ce1 t :at man once n m]ely que/ion$1 b actually decl>$ to be incr$ible1 nay1 ev5 impossible1 has unexpect$ly prov$1 aft]w>d1 to be an actual fact1 & ga9$ g5]al cr$5ce z und5iably c]ta94 ,h[ mu* is !re n 9 nature t des]ves to be call$ m>vel\s1 & bord]s close ^u ! miracul\s1 & :i* makes1 at lea/1 "s su* impression on our m9ds & und]/&+s z !y h be5 hi!rto develop$8 ,to "o1 inde$1 :o takes 8 /& on revelation1 x becomes extremely difficult to draw a /rict l9e ( dem>kation1 & to raise an impassable b\nd>y betwe5 t :i* is call$ natural & t :i* is t]m$ sup]natural1 9 ! usual s5se ( ^! words4 ,&1 if all high] tru? is imp>t$1 & c n b be su*1 :o w presume to set a limit or a measure "h8 ,:o w set b\nds to ! ,au?or ( revelation :i* ,he %all n pass8 ,if1 !n1 ev5 9 philosophy1 all sci5ce & tru? is really a revelation1 & if x 7 recogniz$ & und]/ood 9 ?is light1 !n %\ld we be able to put ?is matt] to ! te/ ( exp]i5ce1 provid$1 only1 t we be c>eful to draw f ! "r s\rce1 & to treat philosophy really & truly z a sci5ce ( an exp]i5ce high] ?an any int]nal or ext]nal "o4 ,b man mu/ n expect1 ev5 accord+ to ?is po9t ( view1 to p5etrate at once into ! fullness ( ! div9e my/]ies1 & arbitr>ily to play ) & mold !m at 8 pleasure4 ,! developm5t ( tru? 9 ! human m9d always proce$s sl[ly1 & /ep by /ep4 ,ev5 :5 ! :ole beg9n+ & sure f\ndation is already f\nd1 or1 r1 giv51 ! inn] evolution & ext]nal application ( true sci5ce unfolds itself ) extreme t>d9ess4 ,at ea* po9t ( progress mu* /ill rema9s to be ov]come1 mu* to be improv$1 & ev5 to be ?\ght ^u once m1 & reconsid]$ ov] & ov] aga94 ,(t51 too1 at ! v la/ mom5t1 an unexpect$ ob/acle pres5ts itself1 or "s new procra/9ation ( a consci5ti\s d\bt or c>e4 ,to %[ t all ?is is to be expect$1 ev5 accord+ to ! !ory :i* makes sci5ce to be a div9e communication1 & t all high] k is & mu/ be su*1 ,i h a rem>k or two m to add4 ,& "h ,i %all n foll[ ! same c\rse t ,i took 9 my exposition ( ! possible =ms ( error1 trac+ ! orig9 ( ea* to "s pr$ispos+ cause 9 ! sev]al faculties ( ! m9d4 ,x w suffice to take = grant$ ! ke5e/ susceptibility 9 ! tru?-lov+ s\l1 ! greate/ activity & en]gy ( ! _s 9 its se>* aft] & cognition ( sci5ce1 & a p]fectly pure w co-exi/+ & hav+ a common f\ndation 9 a purifi$1 newly-invigorat$1 & enhanc$ /ate ( ! human consci\sness4 ,v (t51 ev5 9 ! noble/ m9ds1 a lively1 op5 s5se & pr(\nd s5sibility ( ! s\l = ! high] tru? is f\nd associat$ ) a secret dread & pr(\nd appreh5sion be=e x4 ,at ?is1 h[ev]1 we ne$ n to feel surpris$4 ,x is n s mu* a la/+ illusion1 z r a slight p>tition-wall betwe5 ! fir/ new impression & our habitual self2 = ea* fre% influ5ce ( high] tru? draws u noticeably away f our usual circle ( ideas1 & (t5 pa9fully eradicates "s favorite notion & *]i%$ op9ion4 ,?is fact1 !n1 w s]ve to expla9 ?is slight feel+ ( resi/ance :i* prec$es a complete adhesion & id5tification1 & z su* requires to be treat$ ) ! utmo/ delicacy & t5d]ness4 ,or let u take ! case ( a great m9d 9 possession ( a high] & compreh5sive k1 & mo/ assur$ly he c\ld nev] h atta9$ to x )\t _m a bold v5ture 9 liv+ ?\ght2 = )\t boldness no?+ good or beautiful1 mu* less great1 is ev] rea*$ or atta9able4 ,& ?is is true also ( language1 = ! bold ?\ght dem&s a correspond5t boldness ( expression4 ,:]e1 !n1 is su* a "o to look = ! limits & ! /&>d ( a legitimate v5ture--! guide & safegu>d aga9/ tem]ity--:5 8 boldness ( speculation spr+s really f a pr(\nd love ( tru?1 & a pure en?usiasm = sci5ce8 ,! risk ( error & mi/ake1 & ev5 a s5se ( solemn acc\ntability1 meets him on all sides1 & fills him ) anxiety & res]ve4 ,! hypo!sis has be5 deem$ all[able1 at lea/ x has be5 advanc$1 inv5t$ by way ( simile1 ( a man be+ intru/$ ) & hold+ 9 8 h& ! full tru?--or1 r1 let me say all tru? 9 heav5 & 9 e>?--s9ce1 if we suppose sci5ce to be imp>t$ & a gift1 !re c be no limits set or pr$et]m9$ to its ext5t4 ,n[1 x has be5 ass]t$ t su* a p]son w\ld be seiz$ ) hesitation1 fe>1 & d\bt1 :e!r he ought to op5 8 h& all at once1 or only half op5 x at fir/1 or :e!r he ought n ev5 to keep x a long "t clos$4 ,b to turn away f ?is fiction1 :i*1 9 reality1 transc5ds altoge!r ! measure ( human capacity1 !n1 z reg>ds ! necess>y gradation & salut>y sl[ness t m>ks1 & ev5 ! hesitation t mu/ take place 9 all human le>n+ & developm5t1 & ev5 9 philosophy1 no less ?an 9 ! int]nal region ( ! consci\sness1 :at rule or guide has man8 ,= su* a /&>d no?+1 app>5tly1 rema9s to u b to assume ! notion ( a logical consci5ce z a quality 9 ! true ?9k] necess>y to pres]ve him f e false /ep1 ei!r )9 or )\t4 ,t !re is su* a logical consci5ce1 :olly indep5d5t ( all moral relation1 is p]fectly obvi\s4 ,by x we mu/ und]/& n only a c>eful measur+ & weigh+ ( all ?\ghts1 b ev5 ( e ^w & expression2 & we h *os5 ?is t]m z well fitt$ to en=ce ! great importance ( ?is s5sibility 9 matt]s ( sci5tific tru?1 & to indicate ! place 9 ! consci\sness :]e x prop]ly has its seat1 & ! pr9ciple f :i* x mu/ take its rise4 ,! g5ius-gift$ boldness ( a great ?9k] w\ld be little likely to convey confid5ce1 if x 7 n at ! same "t associat$ & h>moni\sly unit$ ) ! ess5tial elem5t ( a cauti\s & gradual proc$ure4 ,9 its ess5tial features1 ?\gh 9 a some:at diff]5t =m & relation1 ! ,greeks1 9 _! philosophy1 7 acqua9t$ ) & possess$ ?is notion ( a logical consci5ce2 =1 9 "s measure1 x is ev5 impli$ 9 ?is v ^w philosophy1 :i* 0 int5d$ to indicate1 & intr9sically means1 an unselfi% & pure pursuit ( tru?4 ,b ! fact becomes /ill m evid5t by ! contra/ )1 or1 r1 by ! notion (1 ! sophi/1 z oppos$ to t ( ! philosoph]4 ,by ! =m] !y und]/ood a common & vulg> traffic ) wisdom1 or ev5 an int]e/$ & :olly unconsci5ti\s abuse ( sci5tific tru? to p]sonal int]e/1 or ! gratification ( selfi% humors & passions1 & ev5 ( va9 glory4 ,all ?is ! ,greeks reg>d$ z absolutely wor?less & despicable4 ,& mu* is x to be wi%$ t we1 9 our days1 rememb]$ a little bett]1 & /rove to imitate ?is /]n morality ( ! old ,a!nians 9 _! notion ( ! high dignity ( tru?1 & ( ! respect due to ?is sanctu>y ( sci5ce1 :i*1 at ! di/ance t !y 7 all[$ to approa* to x1 !y rev]5tly wor%ip$ & honor$4 ,,lecture ,x4 ,! appreh5d+ ( a real object 9 ?\ght1 unque/ionably involves an act ( kn[+1 s long1 at lea/1 z x is no empty ?\ght1 b has a real subject-matt]4 ,x is a piece ( k1 ev5 ?\gh x may be z yet v incomplete1 bo? z reg>ds its ext]nal connection ) o!rs & its inw>d developm5t1 & ?\gh x be highly defective also 9 =m & expression4 ,x is1 moreov]1 possible t subsequ5tly1 by an incorrect analysis or o!r errone\s treatm5t ( x1 its usefulness may be de/roy$1 itself dissolv$ into naught1 & /ripp$ ( true vital significance4 ,& ?us by our own fault1 ! ?\ght1 :i* orig9ally possess$ a true & real object1 is r$uc$ into a m]e wordy =mula1 convey+ actually no mean+ at all4 ,9 ord]1 !n1 to indicate ! real di/9ction betwe5 ! two1 & at ! same "t to gu>d aga9/ all possible misconception1 we w\ld def9e z foll[s ! intr9sic ess5ce ( k3 to "k is ! liv+ ?\ght ( some?+ real4 ,! g5]al indef9ite t]m1 ?\ght1 :i* we h "h employ$1 is ! "r "o & ! mo/ appropriate 9 ?is place1 = x comprises e k9d ( p]ceiv+ & und]/&+1 ( judg+ & compreh5d+1 ( cognition & recognition1 & s]ves to indicate ! sev]al elem5ts & relations or diff]+ degrees ( k1 & ( t intuitive inw>d c]ta9ty :i* is comb9$ & associat$ ) x4 ,x w\ld be f> less accurate to say t k is ! correct ?\ght1 in/ead ( ! liv+ ?\ght ( a real object2 al?\gh1 inde$1 ! =m] is involv$ 9 & insep>able f ! latt]4 ,:5 a ?\ght :i* 9 any degree appreh5ds or compreh5ds a real object1 is said to be incorrect1 ?is is z mu* z to say t x comprises mu* t is n f\nd 9 ! object itself1 & consequ5tly does n co9cide ) x4 ,b t :i* is n conta9$ 9 ! object itself is1 s f> z x is conc]n$1 unreal & does n belong to x4 ,& all su* is necess>ily exclud$ f ! notion ( ! ?\ght ( a real object1 s9ce o!rwise x w\ld be a ?9k+ ( :at is unreal4 ,! expression1 too1 ( an incorrect ?9k+ ( :at is real1 w\ld1 no d\bt1 po9t to & indicate ! same fact 9 e case :]e su* ?9k+ is a ?or\ghly defective & incomplete kn[+1 if1 = in/ance1 mu* t is ess5tial & is really f\nd 9 ! p>ticul> object 7 n compris$ 9 ! ?\ght or 7 want+ 9 x4 ,?is expression1 consequ5tly1 is p]fectly applicable1 & inde$ appropriate1 :5 we wi% to speak ( a complete & p]fect k1 & to di/+ui% x f "o t is faulty & defective4 ,b su* k sl[ly & gradually develops itself2 ! notion ( kn[+ 9 g5]al mu/ prec$e t ( p]fect k4 ,! liv+ ?\ght ( a real object1 h[ev] imp]fect & incomplete x may be1 conta9s1 nev]!less1 ! fir/ beg9n+ & g]m ( a kn[+4 ,x is only out ( a dead ?\ght t a true kn[+ c nev] arise2 prop]ly1 inde$1 :5 x is b a m]e =mula1 x is n ev5 a true ?9k+4 ,k1 !re=e1 9 g5]al is ! liv+ ?\ght ( "s real object2 b p]fect & complete k is ! full & correct developm5t ( ?is ?\ght1 by means ( :i* x becomes p]fectly def9$1 bo? outw>dly & inw>dly4 ,b a real object is inv>iably ! fir/ f\ndation & beg9n+1 f :i* all k spr+s up1 & to :i* all ?\ght mu/ be imm$iately direct$ & also closely atta* itself4 ,9 an old] =m ( philosophy1 ! supreme1 or--z x 0 call$1 n v appropriately1 if all its v>i\s relations be consid]$--necess>y ,be+1 0 usually decl>$ to be t ( :i* ! reality 0 at once giv5 9 its possibility1 s t ! pro( ( its actual exi/5ce w\ld imm$iately foll[ f ! m]e idea ( its p]fection4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is b "o ( ! _m =ms ( expression = ! absolute unity ( be+ & k4 ,we h already express$ ourselves suffici5tly at l>ge on ! g5]al topic1 & we h only adduc$ ?is p>ticul> in/ance to s]ve z a passage to our exposition ( ano!r view1 9 ! hope ( ?r[+ out ! latt] m di/9ctly & def9itely by means ( ! contra/4 ,9 t me?od ( philosophy :i* takes its rise 9 no dead & ab/ract ?9k+1 b r 9 life itself & ! liv+ ?\ght1 reality1 toge!r ) ! imm$iate feel+ ( :atev] is ?us real & actual 9 ! inw>d p]ception1 z well z 9 ext]nal exp]i5ce1 & also 9 ! revelation f above1 =ms ! fir/ beg9n+ out ( :i* all is develop$4 ,?is is ! fix$1 /able po9t to :i* all t foll[s atta*es itself4 ,! necess>y1 :i* comes fir/ aft] ?is reality1 is simply ! inn] ess5tial & complete connection ( ?is fir/ data4 ,b ! possible1 :i* is n any m]e arbitr>y conception & *im]ical inv5tion1 b some?+ truly1 & we might almo/ say really possible1 =ms ! conclusion1 z t :i* by a natural developm5t results f ! two =m]--! initiatory fact & its intr9sic ess5tiality4 ,?is simple s]ies or natural progression 9 liv+ ?\ght =ms & con/itutes 9 ! next place ! diff]5t degrees ( und]/&+1 & ev5 ! int]nal grades ( c]ta9ty & cle>ness 9 a cont9u\sly advanc+ developm5t4 ,! f\ndation ( ! :ole is =m$ by ! feel+ ( a reality1 ! p]ception ( a fact1 exi/+ some:]e )9 ! limits ( t triple exp]i5ce :i* takes 9 an inn] & an out] & also a high] _w4 ,n[1 ! fir/ /ep 9 ?is progressive intellectual developm5t is =m$ by ! notion or g5]al t]m1 :i*1 z ,i =m]ly expla9$ x1 is a ?\ght or conception t is ma!matically det]m9$ & precisely limit$1 bo? inw>dly & outw>dly1 accord+ to ! ?ree dim5sions ( numb]1 measure1 & weight4 ,9 x all ! sev]al elem5ts :i*1 tak5 toge!r1 =m ! orig9al ?\ght or conception ( ! real object1 are fir/ ( all duly sep>at$ & arrang$1 & !n aga9 unit$ z organic memb]s into a regul> :ole1 or1 aft] ! mann] ( geometry1 br\ght into a con/ruction4 ,b ?is act ( compris+ into a g5]al notion ,begreif5 is by no means a p]fect explanation ( ! matt]4 ,x is n1 z x 71 an analysis c>ri$ out fully & completely1 s t no?+ /ill rema9s to be expla9$4 ,= ev5 accord+ to ! ord9>y usage ( spee*1 we may v easily =m & h a notion ( any sy/em1 :e!r purely ideal or exp]im5tal1 philosophical or unphilosophical1 or belong+ to any o!r doma9 ( sci5ce1 & ev5 ( a "w ( art1 at ! same "t t we are =c$ to admit t !re is mu* 9 x t we d n und]/&1 or :i* appe>s to u inexplicable & un9telligible4 ,?is compreh5d+1 :i* ext]nally consi/s 9 ! correct m>k+ out ( ! :ole circumf]5ce ( an object1 & inw>dly1 9 ! cle> division & arrangem5t ( its sev]al organic memb]s1 is n ! complete act ( und]/&+2 x is only its fir/ /ep4 ,z su*1 h[ev]1 x may aft]w>d atta9 to an int]nal confirmation1 & become !reby ! second degree 9 ! approa* to complet5ess ( und]/&+4 ,& ?is x does z soon z a cognition ( ! error :i* may ei!r possibly rise up 91 ab\t1 or toge!r ) itself1 or is actually comb9$ ) x1 is atta9$1 & :51 consequ5tly1 a cle>] recognition ( ! oppos+ tru? advances ! m]e feel+ ( a some?+ real into an intellig5t feel+ or judgm5t ( inw>d c]ta9ty4 ,& ?is is ! v ess5ce ( kn[+4 ,! ?ird /ep 9 ! fur!r developm5t or enhancem5t ( ! fir/ liv+ ?\ght1 or ( its progressive approa* t[>d complet5ess ( und]/&+1 is =m$ by ! idea4 ,! idea is di/9ct f ! notion1 ev5 9 its =m4 ,unlike ! latt]1 x does n set =? all t1 "u ! giv5 conditions1 necess>ily & ess5tially belongs toge!r4 ,9 o!r words1 x does n give ! full & complete ext5t ( ! reality :i* 0 tak5 up by ! orig9al feel+ & p]ception4 ,x r prop\nds ! ?\ght ( a possibility1 :i*1 9 a c]ta9 & def9ite view or direction1 appe>s atta9able4 ,= in/ance1 9 our pres5t developm5t ( ! inn] & high] life1 ! notion ( ! consci\sness 0 foll[$ by ! idea ( sci5ce1 & ! "q h[ f> x is possible & )9 ! rea* ( man4 ,ev5 9 ord9>y language ?is di/9ction is obs]v$4 ,h[ (t5 d we he> x obs]v$1 t ?is or t s*eme is a m]e idea1 signify+ t x is a ?\ght ^: object is a some?+ possible1 b ( :i* ! reality or realization appe>s at ! "t highly problematical4 ,on ! o!r h&1 by ! t]m notion1 /rictly tak51 x is usual to und]/& a ?\ght :i* has = its subject-matt] some?+ relatively true at lea/1 s9ce1 o!rwise !re w\ld be no?+ t we c\ld h a notion ( or compreh5d4 ,& simply on ?is acc\nt x is n possible t ! idea %\ld conta9 a p]fectly def9ite & organically articulat$ con/ruction ( its object4 ,=1 9 fact1 an idea is m]ely ! indication1 ! /&>d1 & ! rule ( ! possible4 ,x is simply design$ to %[ :at is to be1 & 9 :at way x c be1 atta9$1 & p]haps1 also1 9 :at law ( progression its atta9m5t w be actually realiz$4 ,h[ev]1 a truly sci5tific & sci5tifically useful idea is be=e all ?+s closely & ess5tially dep5d5t on ! f\ndation ( an inw>d c]ta9ty1 or a feel+ & conviction t ! object :i* =ms its problem1 or ! problem :i* is its object1 is really & actually atta9able4 ,consequ5tly1 x intimately dep5ds on ! intellig5t feel+ or judgm5t z to ?is inw>d c]ta9ty & tru? 9 k4 ,,analytical ,,index4 ,a ,absolute k1 false "* (1 #fj4 p[] consid]$1 #age4 ,ab/raction1 n ! true me?od ( philosophy1 #ced4 !r ( ! n]ves1 #gf4 ,age1 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian1 #adh4 ! middle1 #adi1 #bdf4 t ( ! re/oration ( lett]s1 #aej4 anti-,*ri/ian _s ( ! pres5t1 #aea4 a /ruggle = tru? ! conflict ( ! pres5t1 #aeh4 ! _s ( ! pres5t a _s ( untru?1 #aei4 diff]5t ages ( ! hi/ory ( ! _w1 #afc4 *>act]i/ics ( ! pres5t1 #afd1 #deg4 ! middle conta9$ all ! elem5ts ( ! ,*ri/ian /ate1 #ahb4 rationalism to be fe>$ 9 ! pres5t1 #bbg4 _s ( ! pres5t1 #dji4 ,alphabet1 ! psy*ological1 #deb4 ,angels1 ! neutral1 #acf4 ,animals1 s\l (1 #aba4 ,ant$iluvian--see ,_w4 ,ar*itecture1 its alliance to sculpture1 #bfj4 ,ariana1 !1 #bdf4 ,ari/otle1 8 sy/em1 #bdc4 ,ari/otelian s*oolm51 #bdg4 ,art1 symbolical nature & con/itution ( life ) ref]5ce to x1 #bef4 ,art1 all symbolical1 #beg4 religi\s orig9 (1 #bfe a feel+ ( ! inf9ite1 #dae4 a univ]sal language1 #dba4 evil influ5ces (1 #dee4 hope ! s\l (1 #def4 pres5t /ate (1 #deh4 spuri\s1 #dfa4 ,a/ronomy1 mod]n1 #hd4 sev5 ! tradition>y numb] ( ! planets1 #he4 ,py?agorean sy/em (1 #he4 ,a!ism1 produc$ by ,fr5* philosophy1 #ah4 t5d5cy ( mod]n sci5ce to1 #aee4 ,atlantis1 leg5d (1 #hc4 ,au?ority1 ,god ! s\rce (1 #afh4 ,av>ice1 its "*1 #cd4 ap>t f indu/ry1 #ce4 ,b ,beauty1 #ejf4 s\rce ( 9 fiction1 #eaj4 ,bible--see ,scriptures4 ,body1 ! spiritual1 #gd4 ,byron1 8 ,ca91 #ba1 #daj4 ,c ,cause1 f9al1 doctr9e (1 #abe4 ,creation intelligible1 #abg4 ,*emical analysis1 mod]n1 results (1 #hh4 ,*9a1 its /ate ( sep>ation1 #aha4 ,*ri/ianity1 revelation (1 #adf4 fir/ eight ,*ri/ian c5turies1 #adh4 ! middle ages1 #adi4 anti-,*ri/ian _s ( ?is era1 #aea4 univ]sal peace1 #ahd4 its disp5sation1 /ruggle betwe5 light & d>kness 91 #bjg4 its sci5ce & philosophy1 #bde4 ! ,gno/ics & ,arians1 #bdf4 ! middle ages--! ,ari/otelian s*oolm51 #bdg4 disputations ( ! s*oolm51 #bdh4 ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 #bdi4 )\t an alt>1 #bfh4 ! ,*ri/ian /ate an h]$it>y mon>*y1 #bhb4 ! true gu>dian ( lib]ty1 #bhg4 its jurisprud5ce1 #bif4 spread among ! ,mohamm$ans1 #big4 its prie/s n h]$it>y1 #cjh4 its ju/ice ! basis ( ,european peace1 #caa4 conf$]ation ( its /ates1 #cab4 ,*ur*1 its collision ) ! /ate1 #bii1 #cjd4 sep>ation (1 #cjf4 ,communion1 ! highe/ symbol ( fai?1 #bfg4 ,compass1 ! inv5tion (1 #hc4 ,c&illac1 8 philosophy1 #ag4 ,consci5ce1 its relation%ip to reason1 #ed4 imp]fection (1 #dce4 ,consi/5cy ! crit]ion ( tru?1 #beb4 ,creation1 f9al cause (1 intelligible1 #abg4 ,d ,dea?1 f9al emancipation ( nature f1 #ic4 de/ruction (1 #cdj4 ,deluge1 !1 h[ to be consid]$1 #bah4 ,despotism1 #bij4 ! natural result ( an>*y1 #bia4 ,dialogue ! natural =m ( philosophy1 #fh4 ! true =m assum$ by all liv+ ?\ght1 #cha4 ,disc]nm5t ! l9k betwe5 fai? & sci5ce1 #aie4 ,div9e--see ,god4 ,d\bt1 a necess>y condition ( man's m9d1 #dbf4 ess5tial to man1 #ebf4 ! passage f ignorance to k1 #ebg4 absolute1 a s\rce ( error1 #ecj4 true1 & limit$1 indisp5sable to advance ( k1 #eca4 ,dreams1 _! "*1 #bi4 ,e ,e>?1 man's aff9ity to1 #ha4 ,education1 its symbolical "*1 #bfb4 philosophy ! cr[n (1 #cdh4 ,engli%1 ! ,re=mation among1 #bii4 _! con/itution1 #cjc4 ,*ur* & ,/ate4 #cjd4 ,en?usiasm spr+s f love1 #cg4 ! orig9 ( patriotism1 #ch4 its long+ = ! et]nal & div9e1 #ch1 #dba1 #dgi4 ,epicureans1 !1 #bdd4 ,error1 rapid gr[? (1 #fj4 f\r s\rces (1 #aje4 int]m$iate conflict (1 ) tru?1 #aec4 religi\s1 two =ms (1 #agf4 tw(old _s ( tru? & error1 #bjf4 /ruggle betwe51 #bjg4 reason & fancy ! ultimate s\rces (1 #bba4 und]/&+ & w co-op]at+ causes 9 its =mation & diffusion1 #bbc4 tru? n e/abli%$ by its refutation1 #bbi4 controv]sy )1 begets x1 #cad4 k (1 #dhi4 co-ord9ate ) k1 #ejf4 two s\rces (1 9 philosophy1 #ebb4 subjective1 #ebc4 absolute d\bt a s\rce (1 #ecj4 ,et]nal puni%m5ts1 #acc4 ! unqu5*able fire1 #acd4 ,et]nity1 #dja4 n reconcilable ) "t1 #dje4 ( ! _w1 #djf4 ,europe1 peace (1 bas$ on ,*ri/ian ju/ice1 #caa4 ,evil1 moral1 a result ( man's fre$om1 #acj4 physical1 a means ( purification1 #aca4 influ5ce (1 9 nature1 #cch4 ,f ,fai?1 man's1 n suffici5tly *ildlike1 #aab4 c re/ore unity to ! m9d1 #aac4 its diss5sion betwe5 fai? & sci5ce1 #aic4 disc]nm5t ! l9k betwe5 !m1 #aif4 reconcilable ) sci5ce1 #aii4 *oice betwe5 t & infidelity1 #baj4 n a negative limitation ( reason1 #bad4 its id5tity ) supreme sci5ce1 #baf4 ! s\l's firmam5t1 #bah4 communion its highe/ symbol1 #bfg4 g5u9e & spuri\s1 #dec4 true & false fai?1 #dgf4 univ]sal1 #dhf4 9 relation to "t1 #dih4 its relation to k1 #dii4 k impossible )\t x1 #ejj4 ,fall1 !1 physical consequ5ces (1 #ib4 discord ( ! m9d "o ( its consequ5ces1 #ih4 ,falsehood to be f\ght ) its own weapons1 #aef4 trifl+ ) oa?s1 #aei4 ! pres5t _s ( ! age1 #aei4 ,fancy1 man's di/9ctive prop]ty1 #be4 a division ( ! s\l ap>t f reason1 #cj4 its influ5ce on ! s5se1 #ca4 on ! passions1 #cb4 its influ5ce on ! nobl] feel+s1 #ce4 on love & m>riage1 #cg4 on en?usiasm1 #cg4 on all man's emotions1 #dj4 ! poetical1 #dj4 its p[]s1 #ge4 fancy & reason ! ultimate s\rces ( error1 #bba4 seldom h>monizes ) reason1 #cfa4 n attributable to ,god1 #cgj4 ,feel+1 ! c5t] ( consci\sness1 #dgc4 its spuri\s & g5u9e manife/ations1 #dgd4 a s\rce ( revelation1 #eah4 ,fi*te1 8 philosophy1 #ai4 ,f9al causes1 doctr9e (1 #abe4 ( creation intelligible1 #abg4 ,fre$om1 man's1 #abh4 moral evil a result ( x1 #acj4 creat$ spirits )\t x1 #acd4 ( philosophy1 #ahf4 ,fr5*1 _! mod]n philosophy1 #ag4 its a!ism1 #ah4 its fatal results1 #ah4 _! advancem5t 9 physical sci5ce1 #bb4 ,g ,g5]ation1 spontane\s1 creatures (1 #abb4 ,g5ius1 wor%ip (1 #dee4 ,geology1 analogy ( philology to1 #chh4 mu/ ma9ta9 ! union ( s\l & _s1 #ddc4 ,g]mans1 _! philosophy1 #ai4 ,kant1 #ai4 ,jacobi1 ,fi*te1 #ai4 ,s*ell+1 #bj4 ,hegel1 #ba4 its sup]iority to ! ,fr5*1 #bb4 its old ,*ri/ian empire1 #bhh4 its cu/om>y law1 #bid4 conf$]ation ( /ates1 #cjh1 #cab4 ,gno/ics1 !1 #bdf4 ,god1 8 attributes1 #ee4 figurative language z appli$ to ,him1 #ef4 ,8 div9e nature unappreciat$ by reason1 #eg4 ! und]/&+ ! only prop] organ = acquir+ a k ( ,him1 #eh4 limitation ( ,8 ju/ice & m]cy1 #fj4 k ( ,him a sci5ce ( exp]i5ce1 #fa4 ,8 revelation to man1 #fe4 k (1 illimitable1 #gc4 condesc5sion ( ! div9e ess5ce1 #ajh4 self-d5ial br++ u ne> ,him1 #aji4 ! au?or & pres]v] ( nature's laws1 #aag4 ,8 div9e nature n subject to necessity1 #abi4 ,8 div9e wisdom manife/$ 9 ! realm ( tru?1 #ada4 ,8 div9e ord] 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w & relations ( ,/ates1 #afb4 ! s\rce ( ju/ice & au?ority1 #afh4 k+s ,8 viceg]5ts1 #afi4 prie/s1 #aga4 ,8 temporal judgm5ts on ! _w1 #agh4 ! ,greeks ,8 second *os5 p1 #ahj4 ,8 be+ n a matt] ( reason+1 #aij4 c alone br+ ab\t ! !ory ( sci5ce1 #ccd4 re/oration ( ,8 image 9 man1 #ccg4 ! m9d's consummation 9 ,him1 #cff4 und]/&+ may be pr$icat$ ( ,him1 #cga4 c n be said to h a s\l1 #cgb4 ! idea (1 ! only idea1 #dde4 un9telligible )\t love1 #ddf4 ,greeks1 _! philosoph]s1 diff]5t cosmogonies (1 #h4 a second *os5 p ( ,god1 #ahj4 rise & decl9e ( _! philosophy1 #bci4 _! logic1 #bed4 ,h ,hea!nism a corruption ( a pur] ,g5tilism1 #bcd4 ,hegel1 8 philosophy1 #ba4 ,hi]oglyphics1 illu/rat$ symbolism ( life1 #bgj4 ,h9doos1 _! tr9ity1 "* (1 #bjb4 _! logic1 #bed4 ,hi/ory1 a prelude ( ! f9al judgm5t1 #agb4 a rehe>sal ( ! fir/ temptation1 #agc4 anci5t1 its results1 #bia4 ,honor ap>t f pride1 #ce4 ,hope1 ! vital flame ( fai? & love1 #aad1 #dbj4 univ]sal1 #dhf4 9 relation to "t1 #dih4 ,i ,idealism1 #eaa1 #ebc4 ,ideas1 innate1 #gi4 ( dea?1 #gi4 ,id5tity1 sy/em (1 #eaa4 ,idolatry ( sci5ce1 #baf4 ( rationalism1 #bba4 ,inc>nation1 ! pr9ciple ( new life1 #bgb4 ,indians1 _! aff9ity to ! ,teutons1 #cjg4 ,indu/ry ap>t f av>ice1 #ce4 ,infidelity1 *oice betwe51 & fai?1 #baj4 its id5tity ) sup]/ition1 #baa4 ,inf9ite1 !1 poetry a feel+ (1 #dad4 art1 a feel+ (1 #dae4 effects ( a p]v]t$ s5se (1 #daf4 influ5ce ( pure long+ =1 #dah4 ,innoc5ce1 remembrances ( primeval1 #dif4 ,in/9cts1 divid$ f ! s5ses1 #ca4 become passions1 #cb4 _! p]nici\s "*1 #cc4 _! nobl] "*1 #ce4 ! ext]nal1 #dbi4 ,intuition1 intellectual1 !ory (1 #bec4 ,irony1 #chj4 ,j ,jacobi1 8 philosophy1 #ai4 ,jews1 ! prophetic p1 #adf4 _! pres5t /ate1 #aha4 _! disp5sation1 /ruggle betwe5 light & d>kness 91 #bag4 _! !ocracy--see ,!ocracy4 _! mon>*y1 #cbe4 ,john1 ,/41 ,gospel (1 #bjd4 ,judges1 ! m9i/]s ( ! ,jewi% !ocracy1 #cbd4 ,judgm5t1 ! faculty (1 #aff4 f9al1 hi/ory a prelude (1 #agb4 ! la/1 #agg4 ,god's temporal judgm5ts1 #agh4 ph5om5a (1 #dch4 ess5tially a feel+1 #dci4 ,judicial1 !1 ! highe/ function ( k+s1 #bge4 con/itute all pr]ogatives ( supreme p[]1 #bgh4 ! ?rone & scept] its symbols1 #bgi4 ,jurisprud5ce1 ,*ri/ian1 #bie4 ,ju/ice1 div9e1 limit$1 #fa4 ,god ! s\rce (1 #afh4 ,*ri/ian1 ! basis ( ,european peace1 #caa1 #caf4 ,k ,kant1 8 philosophy1 #ai4 ,k+s1 ! viceg]5ts ( ,god1 #afi1 #bhj4 _! p[]1 #bgc4 sanctity (1 #bgd4 ! judicial1 ! highe/ function (1 #bge4 ,k1 true1 sl[ progress (1 #ei4 absolute1 false "* (1 #fj4 ( ,god1 a sci5ce ( exp]i5ce1 #fa4 or div9e ?+s1 illimitable1 #gc4 pursuit (1 mu/ h a real basis1 #dia4 relation ( fai? to1 #dii4 impossible )\t fai?1 #ejj4 true1 #ecb4 mu/ />t f a real object1 #ech4 its second /ep a g5]alization1 #eci4 its ?ird /ep an idea1 #edj4 ,l ,language1 h[ produc$1 #di4 ! jo9t produce ( tool & _s1 #cgh4 orig9 (1 #chc4 ! orig9al1 n[ lo/1 #chf4 orig9al unity (1 probable1 #chg4 prim>y & second>y1 #chi4 ,engli%1 ,p]sian1 & ,fr5*1 #cij4 p]fect 9 its orig91 #cia4 classification (1 #cic4 ! picture ( consci\sness1 #cie4 ! common memory ( mank9d1 #cig4 elem5ts (1 #ddh4 t51 ! true numb] ( elem5t>y s\nds1 #ddi4 v[els1 consonants1 & aspirates1 #dea4 ! psy*ological alphabet1 #deb4 ,life1 its symbolical nature & con/itution ) ref]5ce to art & man's moral relations1 #bef4 symbolical equation (1 #bfi4 its symbolisms illu/rat$ by hi]oglyphics1 #bgj4 new1 inc>nation1 ! pr9ciple (1 #bgb4 philosophy conv]sant ) x1 #cej4 ! f9al object ( physical rese>*1 #ejb4 ! unity ( be+ & ?\ght1 #eab4 see also ,philosophy4 ,logic ( ! ,greeks & ,h9doos1 #bed4 utility ( a high] "o1 #bed4 true1 a gramm>1 #dfe4 ,love1 ! f\ndation ( happ9ess & moral welf>e1 #cf4 m>riage1 #cf4 ! orig9 ( en?usiasm1 patriotism1 c41 #cg4 its connection ) m>riage1 #da4 diff]5ce betwe5 g5u9e & spuri\s1 #db4 ! means ( reunit+ ! reason & fancy1 #cfb4 univ]sal1 #dhf4 9 relation to "t1 #dih4 ,m ,magnetism1 ph5om5a (1 #hc4 ,mohamm$an empire1 #ahj4 *ange 9 _! position1 #ahb4 comp>$ ) ! ,roman1 #big4 spread ( ,*ri/ian ideas 91 #big4 ,man1 comp>$ ) spiritual be+s1 #bd4 fancy 8 di/9ctive prop]ty1 #be4 8 triple nature1 #bf4 8 f\rfold consci\sness1 #bg4 physiology (1 #gf4 8 aff9ity to ! e>?1 #ha4 concurr5ce ( 8 w 9 fai?1 #aji4 8 fai? n suffici5tly *ildlike1 #aab4 8 long+ aft] ! et]nal & sublime1 #aac4 8 fre$om1 #abh4 moral evil a result ( 8 fre$om1 #acj4 physical evil a means ( purification1 #aca4 et]nal puni%m5t (1 #acb4 doctr9e ( 8 pre-exi/5ce1 #acg4 nature consid]$ relatively to him1 #aci4 8 gradual developm5t1 #ada4 8 g5]al s5se = tru?1 #add4 philosophy ( life a sci5ce (1 #ahg4 8 nature symbolical1 #bfc4 re/oration ( ! div9e image 91 #ccg4 comp>$ ) brutes1 #cfj4 ) angels1 #cfj1 #cfh4 ascription ( 8 faculties to ,god1 #cfi4 8 free w1 #cgc4 manife/$ 9 d\bt1 #cge4 ! creat$ ^w1 #dbe4 d\bt a necess>y condition ( 8 m9d1 #dbf4 p>tial developm5t ( 8 faculties1 #dcc4 8 k1 #dha4 c x be p]fect8 #dhd4 limits to 8 speculation1 #ece4 ,m>riage1 ! f\ndation ( human & political society1 #cf4 ! _w's judgm5t ( x1 #db4 diff]5ce betwe5 g5u9e & spuri\s love1 #db4 its ?ree conditions1 #dc4 reciprocal influ5ce1 #dd4 ,mat]ialism has its rise 9 imag9ation1 #eai4 ,ma!matics1 =mul (1 inappropriate to philosophy1 #ad4 t ( nature1 #ha4 use (1 9 philosophy1 #cde4 pr9ciples ( empirical1 #ejh4 ,m$ic9e1 a basis ( ! sci5ce ( nature1 #gh4 ,memory1 a faculty ( ! s\l1 #ea1 #cih4 ess5tial to rationality1 #eb4 imp]fections (1 #dcd4 ,m]cy1 div9e1 limit$1 #fa4 ,me?od1 "r use (1 9 philosophy4 #ac1 #ahf4 ,middle age--see ,age4 ,m9d1 !1 intr9sic discord (1 #if4 a consequ5ce ( ! fall1 #ih4 re/oration ( unity1 #ii4 orig9ally simple1 #ajb4 its ess5ce 9 pure spirits1 #ajd4 unity (1 only to be re/or$ by fai?1 #aad4 /ruggle betwe5 light & d>kness 91 #bji4 ! pr9ciple ( supreme sci5ce1 #bae4 re/oration ( p]fection to x1 #cce4 a prey to discord4 #cef4 !1 f\rfold discord (1 #cei4 its consummation 9 ,god1 #cff4 inh]5t discord (1 #cgf4 its ye>n+s aft] unity1 #cgg4 d\bt a necess>y condition (1 #dbf4 feel+ ! c5t] ( unity 91 #dcf4 ,miracles1 possibility (1 #aag4 ,mon>*y1 h]$it>y1 ! true ,*ri/ian polity1 #bhf4 mix$1 #bhi4 ,moses f\ght falsehood ) its own weapons1 #aef4 f\nd] ( ! ,jewi% !ocracy1 #cba4 ,music ! repres5tation ( ideas1 #beg4 ,my/]ies 9 nature1 #abf4 ,my?ology1 ! subjective ! pr9ciple (1 #bai4 its pan!ism1 #bbj4 anci5t1 #eag4 ve/iges 9 x ( div9e tru?1 #eah4 ,n ,nature1 sci5ce (1 bas$ on m$ic9e1 #gh4 possibility ( atta9+ x1 #gi4 innate ideal ( its true ma!matics1 #hj4 man's aff9ity to ! e>?1 #ha4 magnetism1 #hc4 ! compass1 #hc4 leg5d ( ,atlantis1 #hc4 mod]n a/ronomy1 #hd4 sev5 ! tradition>y numb] ( ! planets1 #he4 ,py?agorean sy/em ( a/ronomy1 #he4 results ( mod]n *emical analysis1 #hg4 nature1 a sy/em ( liv+ =ces1 #hh4 sleep an ess5tial law (1 #hi4 intelligible to ! spiritual only1 #ij4 physical consequ5ces ( ! fall1 #ib4 f9al emancipation ( f dea?1 #ic4 its div9e ord]1 #aae4 a liv+ reproductive p[]1 #aaf4 ,god ! au?or & pres]v] ( its laws1 #aag4 miracles1 ! ,deluge1 #aah4 no bl9d necess>y =ce1 #aai4 a ,!odice1 or ju/ification ( ,god's ways 9 ! _w--its p]plexities1 #abj4 ! s\l ( animals1 #aba4 creatures ( spontane\s g5]ation1 #abb4 influ5ce ( ! evil spirits1 #abd4 doctr9e ( f9al cause1 #abe4 ! preadamite _w a p>adise = angels1 #abe4 my/]ies 91 #abf4 f9al cause ( creation intelligible1 #abg4 div9e nature n subject to necessity1 #abi4 creat$ spirits )\t fre$om1 #acd4 immortal spirits ) animal =ms1 #ace4 nature consid]$ relatively to man1 #aci4 be/ describ$ by symbols1 #adj4 influ5ce ( evil 91 #cch4 orig9ally creat$ immortal1 #cdj4 p]fection (1 #cdj4 ,n]ves1 !r (1 #gf4 ,numb]s1 ,py?agorean !ory (1 #dfb4 ,p ,pa9t+1 ! true spiritual art1 #bei4 ,pan!ism1 my?ological & sci5tific1 #bbj4 z fatal to tru? z rationalism1 #bbf4 ,p>5tal p[]1 #bgc4 sanctity (1 #bgc4 ,passions1 arise f ! high] in/9cts1 #cb4 ! p]nici\s1 #cc4 ! nobl]1 #ce4 ,patriotism spr+s f en?usiasm & love1 #dj4 ,peace1 ,*ri/ian1 univ]sal1 #ahc4 ,philology1 its analogy to geology1 #chh4 ,philosophy1 its dreamy "*1 #g4 unfeasibility ( ,plato's ideal1 #h4 cosmogonies ( ! ,ionian s*ool1 #h4 objects & limits1 #i4 =m & me?od ( true philosophy1 #aj4 t ( ! s*ools un9telligible1 #aa4 di/9ction betwe5 t ( life & t ( ! s*ools1 #aa4 intelligibility ( ! =m]1 #ab4 "r use ( me?od1 #ac4 ma!matical =mul inappropriate1 #ad4 unity ( its ?\ghts1 #ae4 mod]n ,fr5* sy/ems1 #ag4 mod]n ,g]man1 #ai4 ,fr5* physical sci5ce1 #bb4 natural ,g]man philosophy sup]ior to ! ,fr5*1 #bb4 ! false />t+-po9t contra/$ ) ! true c5t]1 #bb4 dialogue its natural =m1 #fh4 improp]ly conf9$ to a s*ool1 #fi4 t ( life c n be a m]e sci5ce ( reason1 #ahe4 free to use any =m or me?od1 #ahf4 t ( life a sci5ce ( man1 #ahg4 diff]s f !ology1 #ahh4 ! relation ( tru? & sci5ce to x1 #bcb4 ( ! ,greeks1 rise & decl9e (1 #bcd4 ,ionian s*ools n mat]iali/ic1 #bdj4 religi\s t5d5cy ( ,py?agorean & ,plato1 #bdj4 ! ,sophi/s--,ari/otle1 #bdc4 ! ,/oics & ,epicureans1 #bdd4 ( ! ,*ri/ians--see ,*ri/ianity4 ( life1 its symbolical nature & con/itution1 #bef4 true me?od (1 #cdc4 use ( s*ola/ic or ma!matical =ms1 #cde4 use & abuse ( sy/em1 #cdf4 ! cr[n ( education1 #cdh4 conv]sant ) life1 #cej4 deals *iefly ) facts1 #dbh4 f natural sci5ce1 #dfg4 me?od ( multi=m1 #dgj4 its true me?od conv]sational1 #dgb4 two s\rces ( error 91 #ebb4 ,physiology ( man1 #gf4 ,planets1 sev5 ! tradition>y numb]1 #he4 ,plato1 8 ideal unfeasible1 #h4 tr9ity (1 #bjb4 religi\s t5d5cy (1 #bdj4 ,poetry embraces music1 poetry1 & ar*itecture1 #bfa4 a feel+ ( ! inf9ite1 #dad4 spuri\s1 #dfa4 philosophical1 #eaf4 ,p[]1 absolute1 consid]$1 #age4 ,preadamite _w1 a p>adise = angels1 #abe4 ,pre-exi/5ce1 doctr9e (1 #acg4 ,pr]ogative1 all ( supreme p[] judicial1 #bgh4 ,pride1 its "*1 #cc4 ,prie/s1 ! viceg]5ts ( ,god1 #aga4 _! p[]1 #bgc4 sanctity (1 #bgd4 ,*ri/ian1 n h]$it>y1 #cjg4 ,pr9ciple1 doctr9e ( a good & evil1 #ebh4 ,prophets1 !1 kept alive ! ,jewi% !ocracy1 #cbf4 ,public op9ion1 #afe4 ,puni%m5ts1 et]nal1 #acc4 ,py?agoreans1 _! sy/em ( a/ronomy1 #he4 _! religi\s t5d5cy1 #bdj4 _! noble political views1 #bdb4 _! !ory ( numb]s1 #dfb4 ,r ,rationalism1 idolatry (1 #bba4 z fatal to tru? z pan!ism1 #bbf4 m to be fe>$ at pres5t1 #bbg4 dang] (1 #ded4 ,reason1 a division ( ! s\l ap>t f fancy1 #bi4 its ess5ce1 #ej4 relation%ip ( ! faculties ( ! s\l to x1 #ej4 its p[] & value1 #ec4 d]ivation ( ! ,g]man "n1 #ed4 di/9ction betwe51 & und]/&+1 #ee4 n prop]ly attributable to ,god1 #fc4 fai? n a negative limitation (1 #bad4 reason & fancy ! ultimate s\rces ( error1 #bba4 seldom h>monizes ) fancy1 #cfa4 n attributable to ,god1 #cgj4 discursive1 n creative1 #ejg4 use & abuse (1 #eji4 ,re=mation1 ! ,engli%1 #bii4 ,religion1 its symbolism1 #bfd4 9 its ess5ce symbolical1 #bff4 ,religi\s error1 two =ms (1 #agf4 ,repres5tative gov]nm5ts1 #bhj4 ,republics1 _! liability to adv]se *anges1 #bhd4 disadvantages ( _! polity1 #bhe4 ,revelation1 p[] to und]/& x ! gift ( ,god1 #fa4 its f\rfold "*1 #fe4 ( ,scripture1 #fe4 an ante-,mosaic revelation1 #ff4 ! s\l its receptive organ1 #fh4 its fir/ /ep prep>atory1 #adc4 gradual1 #add4 t ( ,*ri/ianity1 #adg4 unwritt5 to ! ant$iluvian _w1 #bce4 bo? old & new 9 its doctr9e1 #cbc4 s\rces (1 manifold1 #ejc4 ,roman ,empire1 law (1 #bic4 comp>$ ) ! ,mohamm$an1 #big4 ,s ,skepticism1 ! au?or ( x1 #ebh4 ,scept]1 !1 a judicial symbol1 #bgi4 ,s*ell+1 8 philosophy1 #bj4 ,s*ools1 philosophy (1 un9telligible1 #aa4 _! comp>$ ) t ( life1 #aa4 philosophy improp]ly conf9$ to !m1 #fi4 disputations ( ! s*oolm51 #bdh4 ,sci5ce1 physical1 no sy/em (1 9 ! ,bible1 #ga4 its imp]fect "*1 #gc4 ( nature1 m$ic9e a basis (1 #gh4 mod]n1 its a!i/ical t5d5cy1 #aee4 diss5sion betwe5 sci5ce & fai?1 #aic4 disc]nm5t ! l9k betwe51 & fai?1 #aie4 reconcilable ) fai?1 #aih4 supreme1 ! m9d ! pr9ciple (1 #bae4 idolatry (1 #baf4 its id5tity ) fai?1 #bag4 its pan!ism1 #bbj4 its relation to life1 #bcb4 t ( ,*ri/ianity--see ,*ri/ianity4 a great p[] = good1 #cae4 free developm5t (1 #cag4 a real p[] = good1 #cai4 !ocracy (1 #cbi4 illu/rations (1 #ccj4 to be br\ght ab\t only by ,god1 #ccc4 ! idea (1 #dhh4 ,scripture n ! orig9al revelation1 #ff4 conta9s no sy/em ( physical sci5ce1 #ga4 consid]$ z ! sword ( ! ,_s1 #bcj4 ,sculpture1 its symbolical "*1 #beg4 its alliance to ar*itecture1 #bfj4 ,self1 sacrifice (1 br+s u ne> to ,god1 #aji4 h[ f> necess>y1 #aaj4 ,s5ses1 _! triple "*1 #ca1 #dca4 influ5ce ( fancy on1 #ca4 ! ext]nal1 #dcj4 high] s5suality1 its "*1 #cc4 developm5ts (1 #dcb4 ,sleep an ess5tial law ( nature1 #hi4 ,s\l1 ! ?9k+1 ! c5t] ( ?\ght1 #bc4 ! c5t] ( moral life1 #bh4 its unconsci\s conceptions1 #bi4 divid$ betwe5 ! ab/ract+ & classify+ reason & ! inv5tive fancy1 #bi4 its f\r pr9cipal bran*es1 #cj4 ! lov+1 ! c5t] ( moral life1 #da4 its %>e 9 k1 #dh4 furni%es ! cognitive m9d ) language1 #dh4 its faculties 9 relation%ip to ! reason1 #ej4 ! receptive organ ( revelation1 #fh4 consid]$ 9 relation to nature1 #gj4 consid]$ 9 relation to ,god1 #ie4 ( animals1 #aba4 its migration among ! />s1 #ach4 ! pr9ciple ( fai?1 #bac4 fai? its firmam5t1 #bag4 ! mutual dep5d5ce ( x ) ?\ght1 #cfe4 its id5tity ) _s1 #cfg4 its union ) ! _s1 #ddb4 ! idea ( ,god mu/ ma9ta9 x1 #ddc4 see ,m9d4 ,spee* ! outw>d projection ( ?\ght1 #cgi4 v>i$ by moral div]sities1 #cib4 ,sp9osa1 sy/em (1 #dha4 its influ5ce1 #dhd4 ,spirits besides ^? ( m51 #bd4 ! high]1 incorporeal1 #be4 conta9 ! ess5ce ( m9d1 #ajc4 ,spirits1 influ5ce ( evil1 on nature1 #abd4 creat$1 )\t fre$om1 #acd4 immortal ones ) animal =ms1 #ace4 ,scriptures ! sword ( ! ,_s1 #bcj4 see ,s\l4 ,/>s1 migration ( ! s\l among1 #ach4 ,/ate1 !1 its collision ) ! ,*ur*1 #bii1 #cjd4 sep>ation (1 #cjf4 ,/oics1 !1 #bdd4 ,subjective1 !1 ! pr9ciple ( my?ology1 #bah4 ,sup]/ition1 its id5tity ) infidelity1 #baa4 ,symbols1 nature be/ describ$ by1 #adj4 *>act]ize all art1 #beg4 *>act]ize education1 #bfb4 *>act]izes man's nature1 #bfc4 ^? ( religion1 #bfd4 _! equation ( life1 #bfi4 ^? ( ! judicial1 #bgi4 ,sy/em1 use & abuse (1 #cdf4 consi/5cy ( idea1 ! ess5ce (1 #cdg4 ,t ,talmud1 tr9ity (1 #bjd4 ,teutons1 _! aff9ity to ! ,indians1 #cjg4 ,!ocracy1 ! true idea (1 #cbj4 ! ,jewi%1 #cba4 ,moses1 z f\nd] (1 #cba4 revelation bo? old & new 9 its doctr9e1 #cbc4 ! ,judges1 z m9i/]s (1 #cbd4 kept alive by ! ,prophets1 #cbf4 false notions (1 #cbg4 exi/s 9 ov]rul+ ,provid5ce1 #cbg4 t ( sci5ce1 #cbi4 illu/rations (1 f ,greek1 ,roman1 ,m$ieval1 & ,h9doo lit]ature1 #cca4 illu/rations (1 f ,old & ,new ,te/am5t & ,*ri/ian lit]ature1 #ccb4 only to be br\ght ab\t by ,god1 #ccc4 ,!odice1 its p]plexities1 #abj4 ,!ology1 diff]5ce ( philosophy ( life f1 #ahh4 natural1 #aib4 9 me?od mu/ be rational1 #eaj4 ,?\ght1 ! mutual dep5d5ce ( x ) feel+1 #cfe4 spee* its outw>d projection1 #cgi4 an inw>d spee* or dialogue1 #chj4 dialogue ! true =m assum$ by1 #cha4 innate ideas & =ms (1 #cii4 pure1 its "*1 #dfa4 ,?rone1 !1 a judicial symbol1 #bgi4 ,"t1 #dja4 its tw(old "*1 #djc4 n exclud$ f ! idea ( ,god1 #djd4 n irreconcilable ) et]nity1 #dje4 ,tr9ity1 !1 ( ,god1 #aig4 ( ! ,h9doos1 #bjb4 ( ! ,platoni/s1 #bjb4 ( ! ,talmud1 #bjd4 ,tru?1 man's g5]al s5se =1 #add4 f9al manife/ation (1 #aeb4 int]m$iate conflict (1 ) error1 #aec4 falsehood to be f\ght ) its own weapons1 #aef4 a /ruggle = tru? ! conflict ( ! age1 #aeh4 untru? ! _s ( ! age1 #aei4 call = union among ! fri5ds (1 #afj4 f9al triumph (1 #afa4 pati5ce ess5tial to ! pursuit (1 #aii4 ! tw(old _s ( tru? & error1 #bjf4 /ruggle betwe51 & error1 #bjg4 pan!ism & rationalism alike fatal to x1 #bbf4 n e/abli%$ by refutation ( error1 #bbi4 "r me?od ( propagat+ x1 #bbi4 its relation to life1 #bcb4 consi/5cy ! crit]ion (1 #beb4 progress (1 #dfg4 k ( possible1 #dij4 developm5t (1 sl[ & gradual1 #ecd4 ,u ,und]/&+1 !1 consid]$ ap>t f reason1 #ee4 ! only prop] organ = acquir+ a k ( ,god1 #eg4 a co-op]at+ cause 9 ! =mation & diffusion ( error1 #bbc4 may be pr$icat$ ( ,god1 #cga4 ,unity1 means ( re/oration to1 #aic4 ye>n+s ( ! m9d aft]1 #cgg4 ,w ,we/phalia1 peace (1 a ma/]-/roke ( policy1 #ahc ,w1 its concurr5ce 9 fai? a co-op]at+ cause 9 ! =mation & diffusion ( error1 #bbc4 fre$om (1 #cgc4 9 man & angels1 #cgd4 manife/$ 9 d\bt1 #cge4 ,wisdom1 creat$1 #die4 ,wit1 orig9 & =ms (1 #ddg4 ,wom51 ! s\l pre-em95t 9 _! m5tal con/itution1 #df4 ,_w1 ! preadamite1 a p>adise = angels1 #abe4 ant$iluvian1 m5tal /ate (1 #bcc4 unwritt5 revelations to x1 #bce4 conceptions ( ! ant$iluvian inadequate1 #bcf4 ,,! ,,end4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,valuable ,,s*ool ,,classics ,,rec5tly ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,h>p] ,,& ,,bro!rs1 ,,new ,,york4 ,,eclectic ,,moral ,,philosophy4 ,by ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4 ,,boyd1 ,a4,m4 #abmo1 #a #jj4 ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,rhetoric ,,& ,,lit]>y ,,criticism4 ,on ! ,basis ( ! rec5t ,works ( ,reid & ,connell3 ) o!r ,additions ,by ,j4 ,r4 ,,boyd1 ,a4,m4 #ahmo1 half b\nd1 #ej c5ts4 ,,lett]s ,,on ,,a/ronomy4 ,by ,,d5ison ,,olm/$1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 #ge c5ts4 ,,! ,,useful ,,arts1 ,consid]$ 9 connection ) ! ,application ( ,sci5ce4 ,by ,j4 ,,bigel[1 ,m4,d4 #b vols4 #abmo1 #a #ej4 ,,loomis',s ,,treatise ,,on ,,algebra4 #hvo1 ,%eep1 #a #be4 ,,cl>k',s ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,algebra4 #hvo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #jj4 ,,hackley',s ,,treatise ,,on ,,algebra4 ,conta9+ ! late/ improvem5ts4 #hvo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #ej4 ,,pr(4 ,,salkeld',s ,,fir/ ,,book ,,9 ,,spani%4 7,9 press47 ,,pr(4 ,,salkeld',s ,,classical ,,antiquities4 #a vol4 #abmo1 #cg c5ts4 ,m',,cl9tock ,,& ,,crooks',s ,,fir/ ,,book ,,9 ,,lat94 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ge c5ts4 ,,treatise ,,on ,,organic ,,*emi/ry4 ,by ,,john ,,william ,,drap]1 ,m4,d4 ,engrav+s4 #dto1 ,musl9 gilt1 #b #ej4 ,,text-,,book ,,on ,,*emi/ry4 ,by ,,john ,,william ,,drap]1 ,m4,d4 ,ne>ly #cjj ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,%eep1 #ge c5ts4 ,,kane',s ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,*emi/ry4 ,edit$ by ,,john ,,william ,,drap]1 ,m4,d4 #bej ,plates4 #hvo1 ,musl91 #b #jj4 ,,fir/ ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,natural ,,philosophy4 ,by ,,james ,,r5wick1 ,,ll4,d4 ,engrav+s4 #ahmo1 #ge c5ts4 ,,fir/ ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,*emi/ry4 ,by ,,james ,,r5wick1 ,,ll4,d4 ,engrav+s4 #ahmo1 #ge c5ts4 ,,practical ,,me*anics4 ,by ,,james ,,r5wick1 ,,ll4,d4 ,engrav+s4 #ahmo1 half ,%eep1 #ij c5ts4 ,,logic1 ,,ratioc9ative ,,& ,,inductive4 ,by ,j4 ,,/u>t ,,mill4 #hvo1 ,musl9 gilt1 #b #jj4 ,,aids ,,to ,,engli% ,,composition4 ,by ,,ri*>d ,,gre5 ,,p>k]1 ,a4,m4 #ahmo1 ,musl91 #hj c5ts2 ,%eep extra1 #ij cts4 ,,new ,,pictorial ,,s*ool ,,geography4 ,by ,,sidney ,e4 ,,morse1 ,a4,m4 ,embelli%$ by ne>ly ,"o ,hundr$ & ,fifty ,engrav+s1 & ab\t ,fifty ,c]ographic ,maps1 9 ,colors4 ,price #ej c5ts4 ,,plato ,,aga9/ ,,! ,,a!i/s4 ,by ,,tayl] ,,lewis1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,musl9 gilt1 #a #ej4 ,,! ,,practical ,,a/ronom]4 ,by ,,?omas ,,dick1 ,,ll4,d4 ,illu/rat$ ) ,"o ,hundr$ ,engrav+s4 #abmo1 ,musl9 gilt1 #ej c5ts4 ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,morality4 ,includ+ ,polity4 ,by ,,william ,,:ewell1 ,d4,d4 #b vols4 #abmo1 ,musl9 gilt1 #a #jj4 ,,! ,,captives1 ,a ,,com$y ,,( ,,plautus4 ,) ,engli% ,notes1 = ! ,use ( ,/ud5ts4 ,by ,,john ,,pr\dfit1 ,d4,d4 #ahmo1 #cg c5ts4 ,a ,,classical ,,diction>y4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 ,royal #hvo1 ,%eep1 #d #ge4 ,a ,,diction>y ,,( ,,greek ,,& ,,roman ,,antiquities4 ,edit$ by ,w4 ,,smi?1 ,ph4,d4 ,fir/ ,am]ican edition1 correct$ & enl>g$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #hvo1 ,%eep1 #a #ge4 ,classical ,works publi%$ by ,h>p] ,bro!rs4 ,,diction>y ,,( ,,antiquities1 ,,abridg$4 ,) ,corrections & ,improvem5ts1 by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 half ,%eep1 #a #be4 ,,new ,,greek ,,& ,,engli% ,,lexicon4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,drisl]1 ,a4,m41 "u ! ,sup]vision ( ,pr(4 ,an?on4 #hvo1 #e #jj4 ,a ,,gramm> ,,( ,,! ,,lat9 ,,language4 ,by ,c4 ,g4 ,,zumpt1 ,ph4,d4 ,correct$ & enl>g$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,! ,,eclogues ,,& ,,georgics ,,( ,,virgil4 ,) ,engli% ,notes1 critical & explanatory4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #ej4 ,,! ,,anabasis ,,( ,,x5ophon4 ,) ,engli% ,notes1 critical & explanatory4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra4 7,9 press47 ,,greek ,,read]4 ,pr9cipally f ,jacobs4 ,edit$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #ge4 ,c,,s>',s ,,comm5t>ies ,,on ,,! ,,gallic ,,w>4 ,edit$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 ,map1 ,portrait1 c4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #dj4 ,,sy/em ,,( ,,lat9 ,,v]sification4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,! ,,neid ,,( ,,virgil4 ,edit$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 ,portrait & _m ,illu/rations4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #b #jj4 ,,! ,,works ,,( ,,horace4 ,edit$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #ge4 ,,lat9 ,,gramm>1 ,,"p ,i4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,lat9 ,,gramm>1 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,sy/em ,,( ,,lat9 ,,prosody ,,& ,,metre4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,select ,,orations ,,( ,,cic]o4 ,edit$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 ,portrait1 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #bj4 ,,sallu/',s ,,jugur?9e ,,w> ,,& ,,conspiracy ,,( ,,catil9e4 ,edit$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #hg c5ts4 ,,greek ,,lessons1 ,,"p ,i4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,greek ,,lessons1 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,sy/em ,,( ,,greek ,,prosody ,,& ,,metre4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,hom]',s ,,iliad4 ,edit$ by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #ej4 ,,gramm> ,,( ,,! ,,greek ,,language4 ,by ,,*>les ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,new ,,gramm> ,,( ,,! ,,greek ,,language4 ,f ! ,g]man ( ,khn]1 ,mat?i1 ,buttmann1 ,ro/1 & ,?i]s*4 ,by ,,*as ,,an?on1 ,,ll4,d4 #abmo4 ,%eep extra1 #ij c5ts4 ,,family ,,classical ,,libr>y4 ,compris+ ,translations ( ! be/ ,classics4 #cf vols4 #ahmo1 ,musl9 gilt1 #de c5ts ea*4 ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,m5tal ,,philosophy4 ,by ,pr(essor ,,?omas ,c4 ,,upham4 #b vols4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #b #ej4 ,! same ,"w abridg$4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #be4 ,a ,,philosophical ,,& ,,practical ,,treatise ,,on ,,! ,,w4 ,by ,pr(essor ,,?omas ,c4 ,,upham4 #abmo1 ,%eep extra1 #a #be4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,%akspe>e4 ,hamlet1 ,act ,i41 ,sc5e ,v4 8,!re are m ?+s 9 heav5 & e>?1 ,horatio1 ,?an are dreamt ( 9 y\r philosophy40 ,s*legel seems to h read our1 :i* is ! read+ ( ! folio ( #afbc4--,trans4 #b ,! ( ,anaxagoras4 ,a brief1 b *>act]i/ic sket* ( ^! e>li] philosophemes is giv5 9 ,?irlwall's ,hi/ory ( ,greece1 vol ii4 ,see1 also1 ,ritt]'s ,hi/ory ( ,philosophy1 vol4 i--,trans4 #c ,s*legel is "h allud+ to ,condillac & 8 !ory ( trans=m$ s5sations4--,trans4 #d ,kant4 ,= a full & sy/ematic view or mod]n ,g]man philosophy1 see ,mi*elet's ,ges*i*te d4 letzt5 ,sy/eme d4 ,phil4 9 ,deuts*l&1 ,b]l91 #ahcg-h4 ,"s able & +5i\s essays on its errors & abuses are to be f\nd 9 ,fr$4 ,ancillon's ,essais de ,philosophie1 de ,politique1 et de ,littrature4--,trans4 #e ,jacobi1 9 8 ,glaub5's-,philosophie4--,trans4 #f ,fi*te's ,wiss5s*aftslehre4--,trans4 #g ,s*ell+'s ,natur-,philosophie4--,trans4 #h ,s*legel is allud+ to ^? sy/ems :i* suppose a prim>y & orig9al ess5ce1 :i*1 by its successive spontane\s developm5ts1 produce e ?+ else out ( itself4 ,?is absolute orig9al ( all ?+s 0 by ,s*ell+1 aft] ,sp9osa1 call$ natura naturans1 :ile1 by a phraseology :i* happily indicates ! id5tity ( ! self-develop+ subject & its objective developm5ts1 ! totality ( ! objects d]iv$ f x are t]m$ natura naturata4--,trans4 #i ,hegel4 ,= a view ( 8 philosophy1 see ! ,article ,hegel1 9 ! ,p5ny ,cyclopdia1 & ,morel's ,speculative ,philosophy ( ,europe 9 ! ,n9ete5? ,c5tury1 vol4 ii41 p4 #aca4--,trans4 #aj ,s*legel is speak+ ( ,byron1 & 8 ,ca91 a ,my/]y4--,trans4 #aa 8,de9 ,wiss5 !ile/ du mit vorgezog55 ,gei/]n2 ,die ,kun/1 o ,m5s*1 ha/ du alle940 ,,s*ill]',s ,kun/lehre4--,trans4 #ab ,t by gei/1 _s1 & n m9d m]ely1 is "h meant1 w be d\bt$ by no "o :o consid]s ! scriptural basis ( ^! ,lectures4 ,s*legel seems to h _h 9 view #a ,!ss41 v41 #bc4 ,9 ! ,g]man gei/ /&s bo? = m9d & _s1 :i*1 h[ev]1 9 ,engli% are equival5t nei!r 9 use nor mean+4 ,:5ev]1 !re=e1 ! translator is compell$ by ! ,engli% idiom to translate gei/ & its d]ivatives by m9d & its cognates1 & x is ess5tial to keep 9 view ! id5tity ( ! matt] by ! sam5ess ( expression1 he w indicate x by add+ ! ,g]man orig9al 9 a bracket4 #ac ,/4 ,john1 iii41 #h4--,trans4 #ad ,leibnitz4--,trans4 #ae ,x is cle> f :at foll[s1 t ,s*legel us$ ! t]m ,fancy 9 a wide & g5]al s5se1 :i* embraces1 fir/1 its orig9al use 9 anci5t philosophy1 z ! faculty ( conception 771 :i* reproduces ! images ( objects :e!r pres5t or abs5t2 secondly1 imag9ation1 :i* is ess5tial to all au?ors2 & ?irdly1 fancy1 9 a n>r[ s5se--or ! poetic fancy4 ,x is 9 ?is wide s5se t ! translator employs x aft] ,milton :o uses x1 z m ext5sive ?an imag9ation1 :5 he says ( fancy1 8,( all ! ext]nal ?+s ,:i* ! five wat*ful s5ses repres5t1 ,%e =ms imag9ations1 a]y %apes40 ,p>4 ,lo/1 ,book ,v4 ,inde$ ! :ole ( ! spee* ( ,raphael 9 ?is fif? book conta9s a /rik+ aff9ity ( ?\ght & idea ) ,s*legel4 ,we h !re man's triple con/itu5ts1 body1 s\l1 & _s--reason & fancy 9 ! s\l1 ( :i* reason is ! be+ or ess5ce--:ile discursive reason is appropriat$ to man1 b intuitive reason is made ! pr]ogative ( ! 8pure/ spirits0--8! pure intellig5tial sub/ances40--,trans4 #af ,9 ! orig9al zuge!ilte1 said ( a matt] assign$ = inve/igation to a p>ticul> judge1 or ( ! judge appo9t$ to exam9e & report ^u x4--,trans4 #ag ,v]nunft1 f ,v]nehm54 #ah ,! ,rosetta /one1 :i* l$ to ! hi]oglyphical discov]ies ( ,"y & ( ,*ampollion4--,trans4 #ai 8,god is a lov+ ,_s10 page #eg4--,trans4 #bj ,s*legel is "h allud+ to1 & adapt+ to ! purpose ( 8 illu/ration1 ,acts1 v41 #ae1 #af4--,trans4 #ba #b ,pet]1 iii41 #h4 #bb ,^! words 7 utt]$ sc>cely tw5ty ye>s ago1 & n[ beyond ,uranus1 ano!r planet1 ^: 8vibrations h be5 long felt ^u pap]10 is add$ to ! heav5ly *oir4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ,sir ,wm4 ,hamilton's hopes are realiz$1 w n ! discov]y ( ! c5t] ar\nd :i* ! sol> sy/em revolves e/abli% ano!r po9t ( resemblance betwe5 mod]n a/ronomy & ! ,py?agorean sy/em ) its c5tral fire2 &1 also1 z ,s*legel subsequ5tly implies1 t ! =m] has yet fur!r advances to make8--,trans4 #bc ,or ! c5tral fire1 accord+ to ,boeckh1 ar\nd :i* ! :ole planet>y heav5s revolve1 & :i* is also ! s\rce ( light1 :i* be+ collect$ by ! visible sun1 is transmitt$ to ! e>?4 ,by ! or c\nt]-e>?1 ^: revolution is p>allel & conc5tric ) t ( ! e>?1 ,boeckh und]/&s t half ( ! t]re/rial globe :i*1 z turn$ away f ! sun1 is 9 d>kness4 ,sea ,augu/4 ,boeckh 8de ,platonico sy/emate cle/ium globorum1 et de v]e indole a/ronomi ,philolaic10 or 8 8,philolaus10 pp4 #aad-acf1 & ,idel] 8,ueb] d4 ,v]haltniss d4 ,cop]nicus zum ,alt]?um10 9 ! ,museum d4 ,alt]?umswiss5s*aft1 ,bd4 ii41 ,/4 ii41 #dje1 c4--,trans4 #bd ,romans1 viii41 #bj4 #be ,s*legel is allud+ to su* pr9ciples z ! 8,cogito ergo sum0 ( ,des ,c>tes1 & especially to ! cognate axiom ( ,fi*te3 8,das i* setzt si* selb/40 8,! ,me posits or affirms itself40--,trans4 #bf ,hegel4 #bg ,daniel1 ix41 #bc4 ,9 our au?oriz$ translation x /&s 8greatly belov$10 b 9 ! ,hebrew x is z giv5 9 ! m>g91 8a man ( desires20 9 ! ,septuag9t1 4--,trans4 #bh #a ,cor41 xiii41 #ac4 #bi ,!odice1 or ju/ification ( ! ways ( ,god 9 ! _w4 ,! ^w orig9at$ ) ,leibnitz1 :o1 9 8 8,essai de ,!odice sur la bont de ,dieu1 la lib]t de l'homme et l'orig9e du mal10 publi%$ 9 #agaj1 ma9ta9$ t ! exi/5ce ( moral evil has its orig9 9 ! free w ( ! creature1 :ile metaphysical evil is no?+ b ! limitation :i* is involv$ 9 ! ess5ce ( f9ite be+s1 & t out ( ?is bo? physical & moral evil naturally fl[4 ,b ^! f9ite be+s are design$ to atta9 to ! utmo/ felicity !y are capable ( enjoy+1 :i* ea*1 z a "p1 contributes to ! p]fection ( ! :ole1 :i*1 ( ! _m worlds t 7 possible1 is ! v be/4 ,on ?is acc\nt x has be5 call$ ! !ory ( ,optimism4--,trans4 #cj ,does n ?is appe>ance ( a common "* among brutes ( ! same species arise r f ! imp]fection ( our obs]vation8 ,is n e %eep an individual to ! %eph]d8--,trans4 #ca ,s*legel appe>s to h believ$ 9 ! !ory ( equivocal g5]ation4 ,b microscopic rese>* & exp]im5ts =bid u any long] to believe t f]m5tative or putrefactive matt] spontane\sly gives bir? to liv+ creatures4 ,su* matt]s d b furni% ! necess>y circum/ances = hat*+ ! g]ms or ova :i* are pres5t 9 su* imm5se numb]s 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,! doctr9e ( equivocal or spontane\s g5]ation seems conclusively refut$ by ! exp]im5t ( ,s*ulze1 detail$ 9 volume #bc ( ,jameson's ,j\rnal4 8,i fill$ a glass flask half full ) di/ill$ wat]1 9 :i* ,i _h mix$ v>i\s vegetable & animal sub/ances4 ,i !n clos$ x ) a good cork1 ?r\gh :i* ,i pass$ two glass tubes1 b5t at "r angles1 ! :ole be+ air-tight4 ,x 0 next plac$ 9 a s&-ba? & heat$ until ! wat] boil$ viol5tly1 & ?us all p>ts _h rea*$ a temp]ature ( #bab ,fahr5heit4 ,:ile ! wat]y vapor 0 escap+ by ! glass tubes1 ,i fa/5$ at ea* end an app>atus :i* *emi/s employ = collect+ c>bonic acid2 t to ! left 0 fill$ ) sulphuric acid1 & ! o!r ) a solution ( pota%4 ,by means ( ! boil+ heat1 e ?+ liv+ & all ! g]ms 9 ! flask or 9 ! tubes 7 de/roy$1 & all access 0 cut (f by ! sulphuric acid on ! "o side1 & by ! pota% on ! o!r4 ,i plac$ ?is easily-mov$ app>atus be=e my w9d[1 :]e x 0 expos$ to ! action ( light1 & also1 z ,i p]=m$ my exp]im5ts 9 ! summ]1 to t ( heat4 ,at ! same "t ,i plac$ ne> x an op5 vessel ) ! same sub/ances t _h be5 introduc$ into ! flask1 & also aft] hav+ subject$ !m to a boil+ temp]ature4 ,9 ord] n[ to r5ew ! air con/antly )9 ! flask1 ,i suck$ ) my m\?1 sev]al times a-day1 ! op5 end ( ! app>atus fill$ ) solution ( pota%2 by :i* process1 ! air ent]$ my m\? f ! flask1 ?r\gh ! cau/ic liquid1 & ! atmosph]ic air f )\t ent]$ ! flask ?r\gh ! sulphuric acid4 ,! air 01 ( c\rse1 n alt]$ 9 its composition by pass+ ?r\gh ! sulphuric acid into ! flask2 b if suffici5t "t 0 all[$ = ! passage1 all ! portions ( liv+ matt]1 or ( matt] capable ( becom+ animat$1 7 tak5 up by ! sulphuric acid & de/roy$4 ,f ! #bh? ( ,may until ! e>ly "p ( ,augu/1 ,i cont9u$ un9t]rupt$ly ! r5ewal ( ! air 9 ! flask1 )\t be+ able1 by ! aid ( a microscope1 to p]ceive any liv+ animal or vegetable sub/ance1 al?\gh1 dur+ ! :ole ( ! "t1 ,i made my obs]vations almo/ daily on ! edge ( ! liquid2 & :5 at la/ ,i sep>at$ ! diff]5t p>ts ( ! app>atus1 ,i c\ld n f9d 9 ! :ole liquid ! slighte/ trace ( ,infusoria1 ,conf]v1 or ( ,mold4 ,b all ! ?ree pres5t$ !mselves 9 a few days aft] ,i left ! flask op54 ,& ! op5 vessel too1 :i* ,i plac$ ne> ! app>atus1 conta9$ on ! foll[+ day1 ,vibriones & ,monades1 to :i* 7 soon add$ l>g] ,polyga/ric ,infusoria1 & aft]w>d1 ,rotatoria40--,trans4 #cb ,al?\gh1 9 ! case ( ! entozoa1 ! induction is n v l>ge1 /ill1 ( "s ( !m x is an e/abli%$ fact t !y are g5]at$ f ova1 & x is !re=e a fair presumption t su* is ! g5]al law1 & t ^! p>asitical be+s are1 9 e case1 hat*$ f ova1 :i* are e :]e pres5t1 b rema9 undevelop$ until !y meet ) ! necess>y nutrim5t & heat = _! developm5t4--,trans4 #cc ,isaiah1 lxv41 #ag4 #cd ,9 ?is & ! foll[+ p>agraph x is necess>y to be> 9 m9d t ,s*legel1 z a memb] ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 held ! doctr9e ( a purgatory1 :i* ! cate*ism ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t describes z a fire1 89 :i* ! s\ls ( ! pi\s are tortur$ = a c]ta9 "t1 & expiat$1 t !y may be qualifi$ to ent] t et]nal c\ntry into :i* no?+ ent]s t is unclean40 8,purgatorius ignis1 quo piorum anim ad def9itum tempus cruciat expiantur1 ut eis 9 t]nam patriam +ressus pat]e possit1 9 quam nihil co9qu9atum +r$itur40--,cat4 ,conc4 ,trid41 p>s i41 art4 v41 c4 #e4--,trans4 #ce ,eph41 vi41 #ab2 ,col41 ii41 #ae1 c4 #cf ,dell' ,inf]no1 ,canto ,,iii4 8444444444444 quel cattivo coro ,degli angeli *e non furon rebelli1 ,n fur f$eli a ,dio1 ma p] ae =o4 ,cacci>li i ,ciel1 p] non ess] m5 belli2 ,n lo pr(undo ,inf]no gli riceve1 ,*' alcuna gloria i rel avrebb] d' elli40 ,?us r5d]$ by ,c>ey3-- 84444444444444 ) t ill-b& ,( angels mix$1 :o nor rebelli\s prov$ ,nor yet 7 true to ,god1 b = !mselves ,7 only4 ,f 8 b\nds ,heav5 drove !m1 ,n to impair 8 lu/]2 nor ! dep? ,( ,hell receives !m1 le/ ?' accurs$ tribe ,%\ld glory !nce ) exultation va940--,trans4 #cg ,gal41 iii41 #bd4 #ch ,! ,gno/ics & ! ,mani*ees4--,trans4 #ci ,! ,arians1 ) all ! o!r rationaliz+ sects ( ,notus1 ,paul ( ,samosata1 ,sabellius1 & ! l4--,trans4 #dj ,! s*ism ( ! ,ea/ & ,we/--( ! ,greek & ,roman *ur*es--produc$ by ! illegal int]f]5ce ( ! bi%ops ( ,rome1 9 ! diocese ( ! ,patri>* ( ,con/ant9ople4--,trans4 #da ,luke xxii41 #ch4 #db ,rev41 xiv41 #f4 #dc #a ,k+s1 iii41 #af4 #dd ,! ,apocalypse or ,revelations ( ,/4 ,john ! ,div9e4--,trans4 #de ,matt41 xxiii41 #ac4 #df ,acts1 vii41 #bb4 #dg ,s*legel is app>5tly allud+ to ! triumph ( ,mohamm$ism 9 ,asia & ,africa1 & ! almo/ total ext9ction ( ,*ri/ianity 9 ^? qu>t]s ( ! _w4--,trans4 #dh 8,die ,weltges*i*te i/ das ,weltg]i*t40 ,,s*ill]',s ,ode to ,resignation4 #di ,! foll[+ passage =cibly expresses ,s*legel's ?\ghts on ?is po9t3--8,les individus de l'espce huma9e s'*app5t quelquefois aux suites de leurs actions1 qui dans la rgle doiv5t tre reg>des comme les ju/es *tim5s des infractions faites la loi de ,dieu4 ,les nations ne saurai5t s'y s\/raire2 c> leur exi/5ce se prolonge et se projette dans un espace imm5se1 o les lois et]nelles tr\v5t leur sanction et leur enti] accomplissem5t4 ,c'e/ l que la t]rible ,nmsis se dploie t\t entire1 et ex]ce sur le crime sa bi5faisante raction2 c'e/ sur la longue r\te que dcriv5t les nations que1 dans sa m>*e l5te1 sil5cieuse1 mais sre1 elle punit la lic5ce p> le despotisme1 et le despotisme p> l'insurrection1 o p> la dgnration des peuples2 c'e/ l que l'goisme et immoralit des peuples1 la l*et et la faiblesse des s\v]a9s et la s]vilit amn5t des rsultats aussi t]ribles qu'9vitables4 ,on peut dire d'eux3 #8,habu]5t vitia opatium exemplorum4'0--,,ancillon4 ,essais de ,philosophe1 de ,politique1 et de la ,littrature1 tom4 ii4--,trans4 #ej ,voltaire4 #ea ,9 ! book ( ,job we h a picture ( ?is e>li] & pur] religion ( nature1 z pr(ess$ by ?is ,iduman ,g5tile1 :ile1 9 8 v9dication ( himself1 we read a te/imony to ! exi/5ce ( ! beg9n+s ( idolatry 9 ! wor%ip ( ! ho/ ( heav54 xxxi41 #e4--,trans4 #eb ,?is /atem5t does n necess>ily imply ! ,romi% doctr9e ( transub/antiation4 ,x is fully met 9 an unobjectionable s5se by ! ,ca?olic t5et ( ! real pres5ce4--,trans4 #ec ,s*legel is app>5tly ref]r+ to ! ,con/itu5t ,assembly ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution4--,trans4 #ed #b ,sam41 xxiv41 #ad4 #ee ,john1 viii41 #cf4 #ef ,9 ?is & ! foll[+ s5t5ce ,s*legel is allud+ to ,holl& & ,pol&4--,trans4 #eg ,! ,kais] 0 9 !ory ! temporal "l ( ! :ole e>?2 accord+ to ! words ( ! ,sa*s5-,spiegel1 8,zwei sw]t liess ,got 9 ertri*e zu bes*irm5e dy ,*ri/5heit1 dem ,pab/e das gei/li*e1 d5 ,keis] das w]ltli*e40 8,two swords has ,god left to ! _w to protect ,*ri/ianity2 7hav+ giv57 to ! ,pope ! spiritual1 & ! temporal to ! ,emp]or40 ,! claim ( ! ,empire to univ]sal dom9ion 0 indicat$ by ! sword po9t+ to ! f\r po9ts ( ! heav5s1 :ile z ! 8,holy ,empire0 x 0 its duty to ext]m9ate n only ! ,hea!ns & ! ,moslems1 b also ! false ,*ri/ians1 z ! memb]s ( ! ,greek ,*ur* 7 reg>d$ by ! ,we/4 ,9 ! m$ieval con/itution ( ! ,empire1 a symbolical "* prevails ?r\gh\t4 ,sev5 7 its %ields3 ( ^! ! fir/ 0 borne by ! ,emp]or2 ! second by ! spiritual ,electors2 ! ?ird by ! temporal ,pr9ces2 ! f\r? & fif? by ! ,c\nts & ,knights ( ! ,empire2 ! six? by _! vassals2 & ! sev5? by ! free burgh]s & peasants4 ,sev51 also1 0 ! orig9al numb] ( ! ,h]$it>y ,electors ( ! ,empire4 ,?ree spiritual ,pr9ces1 ! ,ar*bi%ops ( ,may5ce1 ,cologne1 & ,treves1 z *ancellors1 respectively ( ! ,empire1 ( ,burgundy1 & ( ,italy4 ,f\r temporal ,electors3 ! ,pr9ce ,palat9e ( ! ,rh9e1 :o1 z gr&-c>v]1 c>ri$ ! imp]ial apple at ! coronation2 ! ,duke ( ,saxony ,wittemb]g1 :o1 z m>%al1 c>ri$ ! sword2 ! ,m>grave ( ,br&5burg1 :o1 z gr&-*amb]la91 bore ! scept]2 & ! ,k+ ( ,bohemia1 :o1 z cupbe>]1 pres5t$ ! cup4 ,! election ( ! ,emp]or 0 held at ,frank=t-on-!-,ma9e2 ! coronation at ,aix2 & ! new ,emp]or held 8 fir/ diet at ,nuremb]g4--,trans4 #eh #b ,tim41 iv41 #g4 #ei ,! words 9 ! bracket are n 9 ! orig9al4 ,z a loyal prie/ ( a true bran* ( t ,*ur* :i* is built on ! f\ndation ( ! ,apo/les1 ! translator c\ld n help to give curr5cy to su* a misrepres5tation ( x4 ,h5ry ,,viii4 c /& on 8 own m]its1 or1 r1 dem]its4 ,x seems1 h[ev]1 to be :at ,s*legel w\ld call an hi/orical retribution1 t ! univ]sal supremacy claim$ by ! bi%ops ( ,rome1 z x 0 confirm$ by a ,phocas1 %\ld be fir/ %ak5 by a ,h5ry ,,viii4--,trans4 #fj ,pius ,,vii4 #fa ,c%atriyas4 7,see 8,philosophy ( ,hi/ory10 p4 #adf47 #fb ,see ,philosophy ( ,life1 p4 #be4 #fc ,see quotation f ! 8,die ,kun/lehre0 ( ,s*ill]1 8,philosophy ( ,life10 p4 #be4 #fd ,alex&] von ,humboldt4 #fe ,! passages ?us indicat$ 7 m>k$ by ,s*legel himself = revision4 #ff ,%akspe>e4 ,hamlet1 ,act i41 ,sc5e v4 #fg ,philosophy ( ,life1 p4 #aac4 #fh ,/4 ,james1 c4 ii41 v4 #e4 #fi ,9 ! orig9al ! ?ree t]ms are--,gewiss51 ,wiss51 & ,gewis%eit4 #gj ,! ?ree prim>y v[els1 accord+ to ,bopp & ,grimm1 are a1 i1 u1 e & o be+ dip?ongal comp\nds ( ai & ao respectively4 ,! =m] appe>s f a comp>ison betwe5 ! ,greek 1 ,lat9 sphra1 & our sph]e2 or1 aga91 f 1 ,mus1 pron\nc$ by u ,mus2 or f ! ,ionic =m 1 ( dat4 plur4 4 ,to prove t au gives o1 x w be suffici5t f _m in/ances to give "o3--! ,lat9 pauci1 9 ! ,spani% & ,italian dialects ( ! ,romance is poco4 ,! simple alphabet ( t5 elem5t>y s\nds may /& ?us3-- ,?ree v[els a1 i1 u4 ,?ree consonants p1 t1 k1 or b1 d1 g 9 ! m$iate =m1 giv5 z by ,s*legel4 ,?ree liquids l1 n1 r4 ,sibilant s4--,trans4 #ga ,on ! ,hebrew alphabet1 see ,la?am's 8,! ,engli% ,language10 p4 #ahd4--,trans4 #gb 8,die ,zeit hat ,glaub5 ni*t1 no* ,liebe2 ,wo wre dann die ,h(fnung die ihr bleibe80 #gc ,! philosophy ( ,s*ell+ pr(ess$ to be a sy/em ( id5tity1 & _h = its basis ! pr9ciple ( ! sam5ess ( subject & object4--,see ,philosophy ( ,life1 note1 p4 #bj4--,trans4 #gd ,s*legel is "h aga9 allud+ to ! philosophy ( ,s*ell+4--,trans4 #ge ,our language c n give ! etymological connection ( ! ?\ghts 9 ?is s5t5ce4 ,! orig9al is3 ,die zweyte wre dann e9 ,empf9d51 nmli* das volle gewisse ,9 si* f9d5 e9] ,wahrehit4 99 99 99 99 99 ,typographical errors correct$ by ! etext transcrib]3 ^! r]espects ^! respects pg #ab g5uiue long+ g5u9e long+ pg #ci h[ev] (t5 & pa9sfully h[ev] (t5 & pa9fully pg #hj ! ! :ole human race ! :ole human race pg #aaf !re w ov] rema9 !re w ev] rema9 pg #aah ! _w out ( eunui ! _w out ( ennui pg #abh pride & siffneck$ness pride & /iffneck$ness pg #bjg t c c extricate t c extricate pg #bbg numb]$ numb]b]$ pg #bdd betw5 ! imp]ial & ! betwe5 ! imp]ial & ! pg #bgi f beg9n9d to end2 into a gespotism f beg9n+ to end2 into a despotism pg #bih extremly extremely pg #bih mamely namely pg #cbc *>act]i/ies *>act]i/ics pg #cbc "s high] impluse "s high] impulse pg #cbh ext]nal realtions ext]nal relations pg #cde pass$ ?\gh ! fir/ pass$ ?r\gh ! fir/ pg #cej confusion ( lanage confusion ( language pg #cee necess>rily necess>ily pg #cfg explan+ expla9+ pg #che ,sancrit ,sanscrit pg #chi adopt$ ?\gh\t ,asia adopt$ ?r\gh\t ,asia pg #cij consid]$ p]fecly deaf consid]$ p]fectly deaf pg #dce die ihr blebe die ihr bleibe pg #deg note sci5itfic imag9ation sci5tific imag9ation pg #dia defici5ces defici5cies pg #dii if ! t]m be p]f]r$ if ! t]m be pr]f]r$ pg #ejd mat]ialz+ sy/em mat]ializ+ sy/em pg #eba pati5ce esss5tial to ! pursuit (1 #aii4 pati5ce ess5tial to ! pursuit (1 #aii4 pg #edi