,,! ,,comic ,,engli% ,,gramm>4 ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,samuel ,,b5tley1 ,bangor ,h\se1 ,%oe ,lane4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,comic ,,engli% ,,gramm>2 ,a ,,new ,,& ,,faceti\s ,introduction to ! ,engli% ,tongue4 ,,by ,,! ,,au?or ,,( ,,! ,,comic ,,lat9 ,,gramm>4 ,,embelli%$ ,,) ,,upw>ds ,,( ,,fifty ,,*>act]i/ic ,,illu/rations ,,by ,j4 ,,lee*4 ,,london3 ,,ri*>d ,,b5tley1 ,,new ,,burl+ton ,,/reet4 #ahdj4 ,,to ,,mr4 ,,george ,,rob9s1 ,a ,writ] unrivall$ 9 ?is or any o!r ,age = ,,an ,,orig9ality ,,( ,,/yle1 7if ! expression may be p>don$7 q unique1 & a ,dext]ity 9 ! ,,use ,,( ,,metaphor unp>allel$2 ^: multif>i\s & sublime--x w\ld n be too mu* to say tal5t$--,,compositions w\ld1 x may be fe>lessly ass]t$1 af=d any ,,ent]pris+ ,,publi%] a n-e-day-to-be-met-)1 & n 9-a-hurry-to-be-rel9qui%$ opportunity = an ,,eligible ,,inve/m5t ,,( ,,capital1 =m+ a ,prop]ty :i*1 "u judici\s managem5t1 w\ld soon become entitl$ to ! well-m]it$ appellation ( a ,,pr9cely ,,doma96 :i*1 )\t excit+ a blu% 9 ! m9d ( v]acity1 might be said 79 a lit]>y po9t ( view7 to be f]tilis$ by a me&]+ rivulet ( ,poetry1 comp>able = ,beauty & ,picturesque ,effect to ,,! ,,silv]y ,,/ream ,,( ,,! ,,isis2 ^: ri*ness 7equall$ only by 8 fidelity7 ( description1 pres5t+ a refre%+ contra/ to ! /yle ( 8 v>i\s compe]s1 precludes ! attempt to p]petrate a panegyric1 o!rwise ?an by assum+ ! responsibility & risk ( apply+ to him ! words ( our ,,immortal ,,b>d3 8,take him = all 9 all ,we ne'er %all see 8 l aga940 ,?is little ,treatise on ,,comic ,,engli% is1 ) ! mo/ pr(\nd ,,v5]ation1 ,,admiration1 nay1 ev5 ) ,,respect 7& ! t]m is us$ 8advis$ly07 humbly d$icat$ by ,,8 ,,mo/ ,,oblig$ ,,& ,,mo/ ,,ob$i5t ,,s]vant1 ,,! ,,au?or4 ,,preface4 ,x may be consid]$ a /range wi% on ! "p ( an ,au?or1 to h 8 preface comp>$ to a donkey's gallop4 ,we are nev]!less desir\s t our own %\ld be consid]$ bo? %ort & sweet4 ,= our "p1 inde$1 we w\ld h e preface z %ort z an orator's c\gh1 to :i*1 9 purpose1 x is s ne>ly l2 b ,fa%ion requires1 & l ! re/ ( h] sex1 requires because %e requires1 t be=e a writ] beg9s ! bus9ess ( 8 book1 he %\ld give an acc\nt to ! _w ( 8 reasons = produc+ x2 & !re=e1 to avoid s+ul>ity1 we %all proce$ ) ! /atem5t ( our own1 except+ only a few private ones1 :i* are nei!r "h nor !re4 ,to advance ! int]e/s ( mank9d by promot+ ! cause ( ,education2 to ameliorate ! conv]sation ( ! masses2 to cultivate ,ta/e1 & diffuse ,ref9em5t2 ^! are ! objects :i* we h 9 view 9 submitt+ a ,comic ,engli% ,gramm> to ! patronage ( a disc]n+ ,public4 ,nor h we be5 actuat$ by philan?ropic motives alone1 b also by a reg>d to ,patriotism1 :i*1 z x has be5 pron\nc$ on high au?ority to be ! la/ refuge ( a sc\ndrel1 mu/ necess>ily be ! fir/ conc]n ( an aspir+ & dis9t]e/$ m9d4 ,we felt ourselves call$ ^u to d z mu*1 at lea/1 = ,mod]n ,engl& z we _h be=e done = ,anci5t ,rome2 & hav+ be5 consid]$ by compet5t judges to h infus$ a little livel9ess into a dead language1 we 7 bold en\gh to hope t we might extract "s amusem5t f a liv+ "o4 ,few p]sons !re are1 ^: e>s are s extremely obtuse1 z n to be frequ5tly annoy$ at ! violations ( ,gramm> by :i* !y are s (t5 assail$4 ,x is really pa9ful to be =c$1 9 walk+ along ! /reets1 to he> su* phrases z1 8,t 'ere homnibus40 8,:]e've y b940 8,vot's ! hodds80 & ! l4 ,v dreadful expressions are also us$ by draym5 & o!rs 9 address+ _! horses4 ,:at c possibly induce a human be+ to say 8,gee woot60 8',ma!r way60 or 8,woa80 n to m5tion ! atroci\s 8,kim aup60 ( ! ignorant & degrad$ co/]mong]4 ,we once actually he>d a fell[ ?reat5 to 8pit* into0 8 dog6 mean+1 we believe1 to beat ! animal4 ,x is notori\s t ! above & great] enormities are p]petrat$ 9 spite ( ! numb] ( ,gramm>s already be=e ! _w4 ,?is fact suffici5tly excuses ! pres5t addition to ! /ock2 & z s]i\s ,engli% ,gramm>s h hi!rto fail$ to effect ! desir$ re=mation1 we are induc$ to attempt x by means ( a ,comic "o4 ,) reg>d to ! moral t5d5cy ( our lab\rs1 we may "h be p]mitt$ to rem>k1 t !y w t5d1 if successful1 to ! suppression ( evil speak+4 ,we %all only add1 t z ! ,sp>tans us$ to exhibit a tipsy slave to _! *ildr5 ) a view to disgu/ !m ) drunk5ness1 s we1 by giv+ a few examples "h & !re1 ( incorrect phraseology1 %all expose1 9 _! nak$ de=mity1 ! vices ( spee* to ! +5u\s read]4 ,illu/ration ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations4 ,,frontispiece4 ,page ,,m9]va ,,tea*+ x ,,john ,,bull #ab ,,! 8,,prodigy0 #ad 8,,jane ,,y ,,"k ,,:o0 #ah ,,mutes ,,& ,,liquids #bc ,,awkw>d ,,l\t #bd ,,ha6 ,,ha6 ,,ha6 ,,ho6 ,,ho6 ,,ho6 ,,he6 ,,he6 ,,he6 #bg 8,o61 ,,:at1 ,a1 ,,l>k6--,,"h1 ,,we1 ,,are60 #bh ,,aldiborontiphoscophormio ,,& ,,*rononhoton?ologos #cd ,,s+le ,,bless$ness #dj ,,apple ,,sauce #de ,,matilda #dh ,a ,,sociali/ #ej 8,,%an',t ,i ,,%9e ,,to ,,night1 ,,de>80 #ea ,,julia #eg ,a ,,v ,,bad ,,case #ei ,a ,,select ,,ve/ry #fi ,,self-,,e/eem #gh 8,,fact1 ,,madam60--8,,graci\s1 ,,major60 #hb ,,ye>s ,,( ,,discretion #hi 8,i ,,%all ,,give ,,y ,a ,,drubb+60 #ig ,a ,,comical ,,conjunction #ajf 8,,z ,,well ,,z ,,c ,,be ,,expect$0 #ajh 8,,h[',s ,,y\r ,,inspector80 #aai 8,,:at ,a ,,duck ,,( ,a ,,man60 #abj ,,! ,,flirt #abb ,,! ,,capta9 #abh ,,! ,,duke ,,( ,,well+ton #aca 8,,oh6 ,,y ,,good-,,=-,,no?+ ,,man60 #acg ,,! ,,"y ,,g5tleman #aci 8,,virtue',s ,,rew>d0 #adb 8,,n ,,to ,,m9ce ,,matt]s1 ,,miss1 ,i ,,love ,,y0 #ade ,,! ,,fr5* ,,m>quis #adi 8,,! ,,engag$ ,,ones0 #aec 8,,! ,,ladies60 #aef 8,,hit ,,"o ,,( ,,y\r ,,own ,,size60 #aeh ,,all ,,= ,,love #afi 8,,tale ,,( ,a ,,tub0 #agj 8,a ,,respectable ,,man0 #agg ,,do+ ,,:at ,,y ,,l ,,) ,,y\r ,,own #ahj 8,,:at ,a ,,little ,,de>60 #ahc ,,brutus #ahg ,,! ,,two ,,doves #aij 8,,! ,,na/y ,,little ,,squall+ ,,brat0 #bje 8,,oh1 ,,jemima60 #bad ,,love ,,& ,,murd] #baf ,,/&+ ,,on ,,po9ts #bah 8,,:]e ,,got',,/ ,,?\ ,,t ,,goose80 #bai ,,prelim9>y ,,disc\rse4 ,our native c\ntry hav+ be51 f "t immemorial1 entitl$ ,m]ry ,engl&1 x is cle> t1 provid$ x has be5 call$ by a "r "n1 a ,comic ,gramm> w af=d ! mo/ hopeful means ( tea*+ its inhabitants _! language4 ,t ! epi!t 9 "q has be5 correctly appli$1 x w !re=e be our bus9ess to %[4 ,if we c only prove t ?+s :i* =eign]s reg>d 9 ! mo/ s]i\s po9t ( view1 & :i*1 p]haps1 ought 9 reality to be s consid]$1 af=d ! mod]n ,m9otaur ,john ,bull1 m]ely matt] ( amusem5t1 we %all g f> t[>ds ! e/abli%m5t ( our position4 ,we hope to d ?is & m also4 ,bir?s1 m>riages1 & dea?s1 especially ! latt]1 mu/ be all[$ to be matt]s ( "s consequ5ce4 ,e "o kn[s :at jokes are made ^u ! two fir/ subjects4 ,^? :i* ! rema9+ "o af=ds1 we %all proce$ to consid]4 ,suicide1 = in/ance1 is look$ ^u by ,mr4 ,bull ) a v diff]5t eye f t ) :i* 8 neighb\rs reg>d x4 ,z to an abortive attempt !reat1 x excites 9 8 m9d unmitigat$ ridicule1 in/ead ( int]e/ & sympa?y4 ,9 ,p>is a fooli% fell[1 discont5t$ ) ! _w1 or1 m probably1 fail+ 9 "s attempt to make himself conspicu\s1 ties a brickbat to 8 neck1 & jumps1 at twelve o'clock ( ! day1 into ! ,se9e4 ,he !reby excites great admiration 9 ! m9ds ( ! by/&]s2 b 7 he to play ! same trick on ,london ,bridge1 z soon z he _h be5 pull$ out ( ! wat] he w\ld only be laugh$ at = 8 pa9s4 ,!re 0 a c]ta9 g5tleman1 an (fic] 9 ! navy1 "o ,lieut5ant ,luff2 at lea/ we h nev] he>d ! fact ( 8 exi/5ce disput$2 :o us$ to sp5d all 8 "t 9 dr9k+ grog2 & at la/1 :5 he c\ld get no m1 ?\ght prop] to %oot himself ?r\gh ! *e/4 ,9 ,france he w\ld h be5 buri$ 9 ,pre ,la ,*aise1 or "s su* place1 & w\ld h _h an ode writt5 to 8 memory4 ,z 8 native c\ntry1 h[ev]1 0 ! sc5e ( 8 exploit1 he 0 int]r$1 = ! affair happ5$ "s ye>s ago1 9 a cross-road2 & 8 fate has be5 made ! subject ( a comic song4 ,t our c\ntrym5 reg>d ,dea? z a je/1 no "o :o consid]s _! brav]y 9 w> or _! appetite 9 peace1 c possibly d\bt4 ,& ! expressions1 8to hop ! twig10 8to kick ! bucket10 8to g (f ! hooks10 8to turn up ! toes10 & s on1 v]nacul>ly us$ z synonym\s ) 8to expire10 suffici5tly %[ ! jocul> light 9 :i* ! la/ act ( ! f>ce ( ,life is view$ 9 ,h] ,maje/y's dom9ions4 ,an execution is look$ ^u abroad z a s]i\s affair2 b ) u x is q ano!r matt]4 ,capital puni%m5ts1 :atev] !y may be to ! suff]]s1 are to ! spectators1 if we may judge f _! behavi\r1 little else ?an capital jokes4 ,! t]ms :i*1 9 common disc\rse1 are us$ by ! humble classes to d5ote ! p5sile /ate1 namely1 8danc+ on no?+10 8hav+ a drop too mu*10 or 8be+ tr\bl$ ) a l9e10 are q playful1 & ! 8,la/ ,dy+ ,spee*0 ( ! crim9al is usually a species ( composition :i* might well be call$ 8,an ,ent]ta9+ ,n>rative illu/rat$ ) ,hum\r\s ,designs40 ,! play ( ,george ,b>nwell1 9 :i* a delud$ l95drap]'s appr5tice commits a horrid murd] on ! body ( a pi\s uncle1 excites1 :5ev] x is repres5t$1 z mu* amusem5t z if x 7 a com$y2 & !re is also a ballad detail+ ! same circum/ances1 :i*1 :5 sung at convivial meet+s1 is productive ( mu* m]rim5t4 ,billy ,taylor1 too1 ano!r ballad ( ! same sort1 celebrates1 9 jocund /ra9s1 an act ( unju/ifiable homicide4 ,ev5 ! t]rors ( ! o!r _w are conv]t$1 9 ,great ,brita91 into ! droll]ies ( ?is4 ,! awful app>itions ( ! un=tunate ,miss ,bailey1 & ! equally un=tunate ,mr4 ,giles ,scrogg9s1 h ea* ( !m furni%$ ! mat]ials ( a comical ditty2 & ! t]rific appe>ance ( ! ,gho/ ( a ,%eep's ,head to "o ,william ,:ite1--a prodigy :i* w\ld be consid]$ 9 ,g]many z fe>ful 9 ! extreme1 has be5 appli$1 by "s popul> b anonym\s writ]1 to ! same purpose4 ,! bodily ablation ( an unpr9cipl$ exciseman by ! ,pr9ce ( ,d>kness1 a circum/ance 9 itself c]ta9ly ( a s]i\s nature1 has be5 record$ by "o ( our greate/ poets 9 /ra9s by no means rem>kable = gravity4 ,! appellation1 8,old ,nick10 appli$ by ! vulg> to ! ,pr9ce 9 "q1 is1 9 e s5se ( ! words1 a nickname2 & ! aliases by :i*1 l _m ( 8 subjects1 he is also call$ & kn[n1 su* z 8,old ,scrat*10 8,old ,h>ry10 or 8,! ,old ,g5tleman10 are1 to say ! v lea/ ( !m1 t]ms t bord] on ! famili>4 ,9 ! popul> drama ( ,pun*1#a we obs]ve a p]fect climax ( atrocities & horrors4 ,victim aft] victim falls pro/rate b5ea? ! cudgel ( ! de=m$ & b>b>\s mon/]2 ! v fir/ :o feels 8 tyranny be+ ! wife ( 8 bosom4 ,he1 mean:ile1 behaves 9 ! mo/ he>tless mann]1 actually s++ & cap]+ among ! mangl$ c>cases4 ,b5evol5ce is %ock$1 ,ju/ice is d]id$1 ,law is set at n\ght1 & ,con/ables are sla94 ,! fate to :i* he _h be5 consign$ by a ,jury ( 8 ,c\ntry is elud$2 & ! ,av5g] ( ,crime is circumv5t$ by ! wily assass94 ,la/ly1 to cr[n ! :ole1 ,retribution h]self is mock$2 & ! v ,ar* ,fi5d is dismiss$ to 8 own dom9ions ) a fractur$ skull4 ,& at e /age ( ^! frightful proce$+s %\ts ( upro>i\s laught] atte/ ! delight ( ! behold]s1 increas+ 9 viol5ce ) e additional t]ror1 & swell+ at ! conclud+ "o to an almo/ inext+ui%able peal4 ,inde$ !re is sc>cely any %ock+ ?+ out ( :i* we c extract no amusem5t1 except ! loss ( money1 :]e91 at lea/ :5 x is our own1 we _c see any?+ to laugh at4 ,"s w say t we make x a pr9ciple to conv]t :atev] fright5s o!r p into a je/1 9 ord] t we may imbibe a contempt = dang]2 & t our sup]iority 7univ]sally admitt$7 ov] all nations 9 c\rage & pr[ess1 is1 9 fact1 ow+ to ! way :i* we h acquir$ ( laugh+ all t]rors1 natural & sup]natural1 utt]ly to scorn4 ,) ^!1 h[ev]1 we d n agree4 ,our national laught] is1 9 our op9ion1 z little bas$ on pr9ciple z our national actions h ( late ye>s be54 ,we laugh f impulse1 or1 z we d ev]y?+ else1 because we *oose4 ,& we %all f9d1 on exam9ation1 t we h contriv$1 among/ u1 to r5d] a great _m ?+s exce$+ly droll & absurd1 )\t hav+ ! slighte/ reason to assign = s do+4 ,= example1 !re is no?+ 9 ! (fice ( a ,p>i% ,cl]k t makes x desirable t he %\ld be a ludicr\s p]son4 ,!re is no reason :y he %\ld h a crack$ voice2 an inability to use1 or a t5d5cy to omit1 ! aspirate2 a /upid c\nt5ance2 or a pomp\s mann]4 ,nor d we cle>ly see :y he %\ld be unable to pron\nce prop] names2 %\ld say ,snat*acrab = ,s5na*]ib1 or ,left5ant = ,levia?an4 ,su*1 nev]!less1 are ! peculi>ities by :i* he is commonly di/+ui%$4 ,we are likewise at a loss to div9e :y s /udi\sly ridicul\s a co/ume has be5 made to enhance ! natural absurdity ( a ,beadle2 = we c h>dly believe t 8 s+ul> /yle ( dress 0 really int5d$ to inspire small *ildr5 ) v5]ation & awe4 ,x c sc>cely be suppos$ t a ,"l ,mayor's ,%[ 0 in/itut$ only to be laugh$ at2 yet :o w\ld cont5d t x is ( any o!r use8 ,nor c\ld ! (fice ( ! ,*ief ,magi/rate ( a ,corporation1 nor t ( an ,ald]man1 h be5 creat$ = ! amusem5t ( ! ,public3 !re is1 h[ev]1 no purpose :i* bo? ( !m s frequ5tly s]ve4 ,if ! wig & robes ( a ,judge 7 meant to excite ! respect ( ! community 9 g5]al1 & ! fe> ( ! unconsci5ti\s "p ( x1 we _c b ?9k t ! design has be5 unsuccessful4 ,t ! m9i/]s ( ju/ice are n1 9 fact1 s rev]5tly held1 by any means1 z f ! nature ( _! functions !y might be expect$ to be1 is c]ta94 ,a magi/rate1 to g no fur!r1 is univ]sally kn[n1 if n designat$1 by ! jocose appellation ( 8,beak40 ,but*]s1 bak]s1 cobbl]s1 t9k]s1 co/]mong]s1 & tailors2 to say no?+ ( footm51 wait]s1 danc+-ma/]s1 & b>b]s h become ! subjects ( ridicule to an ext5t n w>rant$ by _! avocations1 simply consid]$4 ,b ! comical m9d1 l ! jaundic$ eye1 views ev]y?+ ?r\gh a col\r$ m$ium4 ,su* a m9d is t ( ! g5]ality ( ,britons4 ,we di/+ui% ev5 ! ne>e/ ties ( relation%ip by faceti\s names4 ,a fa!r is call$ 8,dad10 or 8,! ,gov]nor20 an uncle1 8,nunkey20 & a wife1 8a rib10 or m pleasantly /ill1 z 9 ! adv]tisem5ts1 an 8encumbrance40 ,almo/ e be+ or ?+1 inde$1 has 9 ,engli% two words to express x1 an ord9>y & an odd "o2 & s greatly has ! numb] ( expressions ( ! k9d la/ m5tion$ increas$ ( late1 t1 z x appe>s to u1 a new edition ( ,johnson's ,diction>y1 enri*$ ) mod]n additions1 is imp]atively call$ =4 ,:5 we talk ( odd words1 we h no fe> t our mean+ w be misund]/ood4 ,x is true t !re are "s few individuals :o compla9 t !y d n see any wit 9 call+ a %eep's-head a 8jemmy10 legs 8b&ies10 or a h& a 8mawley20 & x is also true t !re 0 once a ma!matician1 :o1 aft] read+ ?r\gh ,milton's ,p>adise ,lo/1 want$ to "k :at x all prov$8 ,& n[ t we are speak+ ( names1 we may m5tion a few :i* are c]ta9ly ( a curi\s nature1 & :i* no =eign] c\ld possibly h inv5t$2 unless1 :i* w\ld be likely en\gh1 he meant to apply !m s]i\sly4 ,! names we allude to are names ( places--& pretty places !y are too2 z1 8,m\nt ,pleasant10 8,p>adise ,r[10 8,gold5 ,lane40 ,!n !re are a great _m :imsical ?+s t we d3-- ,:5 a man _c pay 8 debts1 & has no prospect ( be+ able to d s except by work+1 we %ut him up 9 gaol1 & humor\sly describe 8 condition z t ( be+ 9 ,quod4 ,we w n all[ a man to give an old woman a dose ( rhub>b if he h n acquir$ at lea/ half a doz5 sci5ces2 b we p]mit a quack to sell z mu* poison z he pleases1 ) no o!r diploma ?an :at he gets f ! 8,college ( ,heal?40 ,:5 a ?ief pleads 8,guilty0 to an indictm5t1 he is advis$ by ! ,judge to recall 8 plea2 z if a trial 7 a matt] ( sport1 & ! culprit1 l a fox1 gave no amusem5t unless regul>ly run d[n4 ,?is p]haps is ! reason :y all[+ an animal to />t "s little "t be=e ! pursuit is comm5c$1 is call$ giv+ him law4 ,:5 "o man runs away ) ano!r's wife1 &1 be+ on t acc\nt *all5g$ to fight a duel1 %oots ! aggriev$ p>ty ?r\gh ! head1 ! latt] is said to receive satisfaction4 ,we nev] take a glass ( w9e at d9n] )\t gett+ somebody else to d ! same1 z if we want$ enc\ragem5t2 & !n1 be=e we v5ture to dr9k1 we b[ to ea* o!r across ! table1 pres]v+ all ! :ile a mo/ wond]ful gravity4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 x may be said1 is ! natural result ( endeav\r+ to keep "o ano!r 9 c\nt5ance4 ,! way 9 :i* we imitate =eign mann]s & cu/oms is v amus+4 ,savages /ick fi%-bones ?r\gh _! noses2 our fair c\ntrywom5 h hoops ( metal pok$ ?r\gh _! e>s4 ,! ,c>ibs flatt5 ! =ehead2 ! ,*9ese compress ! foot2 & we possess simil> contrivances = r$uc+ ! figure ( a "y lady to a resemblance to an h\r-glass or a devil-on-two-/icks4 ,!re be+ no o!r assignable motive = ^! & ! l proce$+s1 x is reasonable to suppose t !y are adopt$1 z s*oolboys say1 8= fun40 ,we c\ld g on1 7 x necess>y1 adduc+ facts to an almo/ unlimit$ ext5t2 b we consid] t en\gh has n[ be5 said 9 pro( ( ! comic "* ( ! national m9d4 ,& 9 conclusion1 if any =eign au?or c be produc$1 equal 9 po9t ( wit1 hum\r1 & droll]y1 to ,swift1 ,/]ne1 or ,butl]1 we h]eby engage to eat him2 albeit we h no pret5sions to ! "* ( a 8helluo librorum40 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,comic ,,engli% ,,gramm>4 8,engli% ,gramm>10 accord+ to ,l9dley ,murray1 8is ! art ( speak+ & writ+ ! ,engli% language ) propriety40 ,! ,engli% language1 writt5 & spok5 ) propriety1 is commonly call$ ! ,k+'s ,engli%4 ,a mon>*1 :o1 ?ree or f\r g5]ations back1 occupi$ ! ,engli% ?rone1 is report$ to h said1 8,if beebles w be boets1 !y mu/ sd>ve40 ,?is 0 a r curi\s specim5 ( 8,k+'s ,engli%40 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a maxim ( our law1 t 8! ,k+ c d no wrong40 ,:atev] bad ,engli%1 !re=e1 may proce$ f ! royal m\?1 is n 8,k+'s ,engli%10 b 8,m9i/]'s ,engli%10 = :i* !y alone are responsible4 ,= illu/rations ( ?is k9d ( 8,engli%0 we beg to ref] ! read] to ! celebrat$ ,engli% ,gramm> :i* 0 writt5 by ! late ,mr4 ,cobbett4 ,k+'s ,engli% 7or1 p]haps1 "u exi/+ circum/ances we %\ld say1 ,que5's ,engli%7 is ! curr5t co9 ( conv]sation1 to mutilate :i*1 & unlawfully to utt] ! same1 is call$ clipp+ ! ,k+'s ,engli%2 a high crime & misdemean\r4 ,clipp$ ,engli%1 or bad ,engli%1 is "o v>iety ( ,comic ,engli%1 ( :i* we %all adduce in/ances h]eaft]4 ,illu/ration3 ,he's only a little 8prodigy0 ( m9e1 ,doctor4 ,slipslop1 or ! errone\s sub/itution ( "o ^w = ano!r1 z 8prodigy0 = 8protge10 8d]angem5t0 = 8arrangem5t10 8exasp]ate0 = 8aspirate10 & ! l1 is ano!r4 ,slang1 :i* consi/s 9 cant words & phrases1 z 8dodge0 = 8sly trick10 8no g0 = 8failure10 & 8c>ney0 8to flatt]10 may be consid]$ a ?ird4 ,lat9is$ ,engli%1 or ,f9e ,engli%1 sometimes assumes ! "* ( ,comic ,engli%1 especially :5 appli$ to ! purposes ( common disc\rse2 z 8,ext+ui% ! lum9>y10 8,agitate ! communicator10 8,are y\r corporeal functions 9 a condition ( salubrity80 8,a sable visual orb10 8,a sangu9>y nasal protub]ance40 ,am]ican ,engli% is ,comic ,engli% 9 a 8pretty p>ticul> consid]able t>nation0 degree4 ,among ! v>i\s k9ds ( ,comic ,engli% x w\ld be 8t\t--fait0 inexcusable1 7 we to 8manqu]0 to m5tion "o :i* has1 s to speak1 q 8b\lev]s'd0 ! old-fa%ion$ /yle ( conv]sation2 ,fr5*-,engli%1 t is :at 8n\s v\lons dire40 8,avec un poco0 ( ! 8,italiano10 ?is =ms :at is also call$ ! ,mosaic dialect4 ,engli% ,gramm> is divid$ into f\r p>ts--,or?ography1 ,etymology1 ,syntax1 & ,prosody2 & z ^! are po9ts t a good gramm>ian always /&s ^u1 he1 p>ticul>ly :5 a p$ant1 & consequ5tly some:at flat1 may v prop]ly be comp>$ to a table4 ,,"p ,i4 ,,or?ography4 ,,*apt]4 ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,! ,,lett]s1 ,,& ,,( ,a ,,comic ,,alphabet4 ,or?ography is l a junior u%]1 or in/ructor ( y\?4 ,x tea*es u ! nature & p[]s ( lett]s & ! "r me?od ( spell+ words4 ,note4--,9 a public s*ool1 ! p]son correspond+ to an u%] is call$ a ma/]4 ,z x is sometimes 8 duty to flog1 we propose t he %\ld h5ce=? be call$ ! 8,u%] ( ! ,bir* ,rod40 ,comic ,or?ography tea*es u ! oddity & absurdities ( lett]s1 & ! wrong me?od ( spell+ words4 ,! foll[+ is an example ( ,comic ,or?ography3-- isl9ton fote5? ( febu>y #ahdj4 my ,de] jemes w5 fu/ i saw$ yu d\n ! middle & up ag9 att ,vite condick ouse i maid ,up my ,m9d to skure y = my hone = i ,felt at once t my app9ess 0 at ,/eak1 & a s5sa%un 9 my ,bussum ,i c\d5t no ways accompt ,=4 ,& i said to m>y at missis ,igg9ses said i !res ! ,mann = my money o ses ,%ee i nose a ,sweet] ,yung ,man ?an t ,air ,d y sez i ,ag9 !n !re we ,agree ,to ,diff]1 & we 0 sitt9 by ! w9d[ & we wos w]y ,ne] fall9 ,out4 my de] gemes ,s9s t ,nite i ,hav5t slept a ,w9k & ,wot is moor to ! ,porpus i ,h quit ,lo/ my ,happy tight & am gett9 wus & wus wit* i ,?9k yu ort to pitty ,mee4 i am ,toll$ e ,day t ime ,gett9 ,?9n] & a ,jipsy s$ t no?9 wood ,cure me ,b a ,r+4 i wos a ,long "t mak9 my ,m9d ,up to "r to ,y = ( ,co>se i ,says jemes w ?9k me too =rad b ?is be9 ,leep y]e i ?\t ide ,make a ,plunge spe%ialy z h] gra%ius madje/y z ,set ! ,exampel ( ,pop9 ! que%ton1 lea/ways to all ,!m z dont ,want to ,bee old ,mades all _! bless$ lives4 s my ,de] ,jemes if y[ want a ,p>don] = ,bett] or = wus n[s ,y\r ,"t dont ?9k i ,behave despicable = tis my ,luv = yu z makes ,me take ?is ,/epp4 please to ,burn ?is ,lett] :5 ,r$ & excuse ! scralls & ,blot*es wit* is ,caus$ by my ,te]s i rema9 till de? ,yure on ,happy ,vall5t9e jane y ,no :o4 poscrip nex ,sunday ,is my sunday out ,& i %all be ,att ! corn] ( ,wite lion ,/reet p5tonvil at a quawt] pas ,sevn4 ,w5 ,?is ,u4 ,c4 rememb] ,mee j4 g4 ,illu/ration ,n[1 to proce$ ) ,or?ography1 we may rem>k1 t ,a lett] is ! lea/ "p ( a ^w4 ,( a comic lett] an in/ance has already be5 giv54 ,dr4 ,johnson's lett] to ,"l ,*e/]field is a capital lett]4 ,! lett]s ( ! ,alphabet are ! repres5tatives ( articulate s\nds4 ,! ,alphabet is a ,republic ( ,lett]s4 ,!re are _m ?+s 9 ?is _w errone\sly z well z vulg>ly comp>$ to 8bricks40 ,9 ! case ( ! lett]s ( ! ,alphabet1 h[ev]1 ! comp>ison is j2 !y con/itute ! fabric ( a language1 & gramm> is ! mort>4 ,! wond] is t !re %\ld be s few ( !m4 ,! ,engli% lett]s are tw5ty-six 9 numb]4 ,!re is no?+ l beg9n+ at ! beg9n+2 & we %all n[ !re=e enum]ate !m1 ) ! view also ( r5d]+ _! ins]tion subsidi>y to my?ological in/ruction1 9 con=mity ) ! plan on :i* "s acc\nt ( ! ,hea!n ,deities & anci5t h]oes is prefix$ or subjo9$ to a ,diction>y4 ,we pres5t ! read] ) a =m ( ,alphabet compos$ 9 humble imitation ( t fam\s "o1 :i*1 :ile appreciable by ! dulle/ ta/e1 & level to ! meane/ capacity1 is nev]!less t by :i* ! greate/ m9ds h be5 agreeably induct$ into k4 ,,! ,,alphabet4 ,a 0 ,apollo1 ! god ( ! c>ol1 ,b /ood = ,bac*us1 a/ride on 8 b>rel2 ,c = good ,c]es1 ! goddess ( gri/1 ,d 0 ,diana1 t w\ldn't be kiss'd2 ,e 0 nymph ,e*o1 t p9$ to a s\nd1 ,f 0 sweet ,flora1 ) butt]cups cr[n'd2 ,g 0 ,jove's pot-boy1 "y ,ganym$e hight1 ,h 0 fair ,hebe1 8 b>maid s tight2 ,i1 little ,io1 turn'd into a c[1 ,j1 jeal\s ,juno1 t spiteful old s[2 ,k 0 ,kitty1 m lovely ?an goddess or muse2 ,l1 ,lacooon--,i w\ldn't h be5 9 8 %oes6 ,m 0 blue-ey$ ,m9]va1 ) /ock+s to mat*1 ,n 0 ,ne/or1 ) grey be>d & silv]y ?at*2 ,o 0 l(ty ,olympus1 ,k+ ,jupit]'s %op1 ,p1 ,p>nassus1 ,apollo hung out on its top2 ,q /ood = ,quirites1 ! ,romans1 to wit2 ,r1 = rantipole ,roscius1 t made su* a hit2 ,s1 = ,sappho1 s fam\s = felo-de-se1 ,t1 = ,?ales ! wise1 ,f4,r4,s4 & ,m4,d43 ,u 0 crafty ,ulysses1 s artful a dodg]1 ,v 0 hop-a-kick ,vulcan1 t limp+ old codg]2 ,w5us--,v5us ,i mean--) a ,w beg9s1 7,vell1 if ,i ham a ,cockney1 wot ne$ ( y\r gr9s87 ,x 0 ,xantippe1 ! scrat*-cat & %rew1 ,y1 ,i don't "k :at ,y 01 :ack me if ,i d6 ,z 0 ,z5o ! ,/oic1 ,z5obia ! clev]1 ,& ,zoilus ! critic1 ,victoria = ev]6 ,lett]s are divid$ into ,v[els & ,consonants4 ,! v[els are capable ( be+ p]fectly utt]$ by !mselves4 ,!y are1 z x 71 indep5d5t memb]s ( ! ,alphabet1 & l indep5d5t memb]s else:]e =m a small m9ority4 ,! v[els are a1 e1 i1 o1 u1 & sometimes w & y4 ,an ,i4 ,o4 ,u4 is a m pleasant ?+ to h1 ?an x is to give4 ,a bl[ 9 ! /oma* is v likely to ,w up4 ,w is a consonant :5 x beg9s a ^w1 z 8,wick$ ,w ,wigg9s :ack$ 8 wife ) a :ip20 b 9 e o!r place x is a v[el1 z crawl+1 drawl+1 sawney1 screw+1 ,jew4 ,y foll[s ! same rule4 ,a consonant is an articulate s\nd2 b1 l an old ba*elor1 if x exi/ alone x exi/s to no purpose4 ,x _c be p]fectly utt]$ )\t ! aid ( a v[el2 & ev5 !n ! v[el has ! greate/ %>e 9 ! production ( ! s\nd4 ,?us a v[el jo9$ to a consonant becomes1 s to speak1 a 8bett] half30 or at all ev5ts v /rongly resembles "o4 ,consonants are divid$ into mutes & semi-v[els4 ,! mutes _c be s\nd$ at all )\t ! aid ( a v[el4 ,l "y ladies j 8come out10 !y are sil5t z long z y let !m alone4 ,"s h comp>$ !m1 on acc\nt ( _! "n1 to ! 8,orig9al ,good ,woman20 b h[ jo9+ h] to any?+ except to h] head aga9 w\ld h cur$ h] ( h] dumbness1 x is n easy to see4 ,b1 p1 t1 d1 k1 & c & g h>d1 are ! lett]s call$ mutes1 or1 z "s h d5om9at$ !m1 black lett]s4 ,! semi-v[els1 :i* are f1 l1 m1 n1 r1 v1 s1 x1 z1 & c & g s(t1 h an imp]fect s\nd ( !mselves4 ,well6 half a loaf is bett] ?an no bread4 ,l1 m1 n1 r1 are fur!r di/+ui%$ by ! "n ( liquids4 ,l c]ta9 o!r liquids !y are good = mix+1 t is to say1 !y readily unite ) o!r consonants2 & fl[1 z x 71 into _! s\nds4 ,! specific gravity ( liquids c only be r5d]$ amus+ by comical figures4 ,! gravity1 too1 ( a solid is g5]ally ! m ludicr\s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mutes ,,& ,,liquids4 ,a diph?ong is ! union ( two v[els 9 "o s\nd1 z ea 9 heavy1 eu 9 ,meux1 ou 9 /\t4 ,a triph?ong is a simil> union ( ?ree v[els1 z eau 9 ! ^w beau2 a t]m appli$ to d&ies1 & address$ to geese3 probably because !y are birds ( a fea!r4 ,a prop] diph?ong is t 9 :i* ! s\nd is =m$ by bo? ! v[els3 z1 aw 9 awkw>d1 ou 9 l\t4 ,illu/ration ,an improp] diph?ong is t 9 :i* ! s\nd is =m$ by "o ( ! v[els only1 z ea 9 he>tless1 oa 9 hoax4 ,accord+ to our notions !re are a great _m improp] diph?ongs 9 common use4 ,by improp] diph?ongs we mean v[els unw>rantably dilat$ into diph?ongs1 & diph?ongs mispron\nc$1 9 defiance ( good ,engli%1 & aga9/ our ,sov]eign ,lady ! ,que51 h] cr[n & dignity4 ,= in/ance1 ! ru/ics say1-- 8,loor6 :aut a fo9e gaal6 ,moy oy60 8,:aut a preci\s soight ( cr[s60 8,z ,i 0 a com9' :oam ?r\gh ! corn fiddles 7fields7 ,i met ,willum ,jones40 ,aft] ?is mann] cockneys express !mselves3-- 8,i sor 7saw7 him40 8,dror 7draw7 x out40 8,hold y\r jor 7jaw740 8,i caun't4 ,y %aun't4 ,h['s y\r ,maw & ,paw8 ,d y l taut 7t>t780 ,we h he>d "y ladies rem>k1-- 8,oh1 my6 ,:at a naice "y man60 8,:at a bee--eautiful day60 8,i'm s fond ( daync+60 ,d&ies frequ5tly exclaim1-- 8,i'm po/ively tiaw$ 7tir$740 8,:at a sweet tempaw6 7temp]740 8,h[ daughty 7dirty7 ! /reets au60 ,& !y also call1-- ,lit]ature1 8lit]et*ah40 ,p]fectly1 8pawfacly40 ,disgu/$1 8disga/$40 ,sky 7!atrical d&ies d ?is *iefly7 8ske-eye40 ,blue1 8ble--ew40 ,we might "h ins]t a few rem>ks on ! nature ( ! human voice1 & ( ! me*anism by means ( :i* articulation is p]=m$2 b besides our dislike to prolixity1 we are afraid ( gett+ d[n 9 ! m\?1 & !reby go+ ! wrong way to please our read]s4 ,we may nev]!less v5ture to invite att5tion to a few comical peculi>ities 9 connection ) articulate s\nds4 ,ahem6 at ! comm5cem5t ( a spee*1 is a s\nd agreeably droll4 ,! vocal comicalities ( ! infant 9 arms are exce$+ly laughable1 b we are un=tunately unable to spell !m4 ,! articulation ( ! ,jew is peculi>ly ridicul\s4 ,! 8people%0 are badly spok5 (1 & n well spok54 ,bawl+1 croak+1 hiss+1 :i/l+1 & grunt+1 are elegant vocal accompli%m5ts4 ,lisp+1 z1 8?weet1 ,d?ooliur1 ?awm+1 kwee*au10 is by "s consid]$ int]e/+1 by o!rs absurd4 ,/amm]+ is sometimes productive ( amusem5t4 ,humm+ & haw+ are ludicr\s embelli%m5ts to a disc\rse4 ,cr[+ l a cock1 bray+ l a donkey1 quack+ l a duck1 & hoot+ l an owl1 are modes ( ex]t+ ! voice :i* are usually reg>d$ z div]t+4 ,b ( all ! s\nds :i* proce$ f ! human m\?1 by f> ! funnie/ are ,ha6 ha6 ha6--,ho6 ho6 ho6 & ,he6 he6 he6 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,syllables4 ,syllable is a nice ^w1 x s\nds s mu* l syllabub6 ,a syllable1 :e!r x con/itute a ^w or "p ( a ^w1 is a s\nd1 ei!r simple or comp\nd1 produc$ by "o ef=t ( ! voice1 z1 8,o61 :at1 a1 l>k6--,"h1 we1 are60 ,illu/ration ,spell+ is ! art ( putt+ toge!r ! lett]s :i* compose a syllable1 or ! syllables :i* compose a ^w4 ,comic spell+ is usually ! "w ( imag9ation4 ,! *ief rule to be obs]v$ 9 ?is k9d ( spell+1 is1 to spell e ^w z x is pron\nc$2 ?\gh ! rule is n univ]sally obs]v$ by comic spell]s4 ,! foll[+ example1 = ! g5u95ess ( :i* we c v\*1 is "o s s+ul>ly apposite1 t al?\gh we h already submitt$ a simil> specim5 ( or?ography to ! read]1 we are irresi/ibly tempt$ to make a second exp]im5t on 8 indulg5ce4 ,! epi/ol>y curiosity1 !n1 :i* we %all n[ proce$ to transcribe1 0 address$ by a pati5t to 8 m$ical advis]4 8,,sir1 8,my ,granmo!r wos v mu* trubeld ,) ! ,g\t & dide ) x my fa!r wos also & dide ) x :5 i 0 #ad ye>s ( age i wos 9 ! habbet ( ,gett9 :et feet ,e ,night by pump+ wat] out ( a ,cell] ,wi* ,cas me to h ! tipes fev] wi* ,cas my ,defness :5 i 0 #bc ( age i fell 9 ! ,wat] betw5 ! ice & i h ,b9 9 ! habbet ( ,gett+ wet :5 travil+ i h ,b9 trubbeld ) ,g\t = sev5 ye>s 8,y\r mo/ humbel 8,s]v5t 44444444 444444 ,cle>k5well0 ,*elsea ,college has be5 suppos$ by =eign]s to be an in/itution = ! tea*+ ( or?ography2 probably 9 consequ5ce ( a passage 9 ! well kn[n song 9 8,! ,wat]man10 8,nev] m at ,*elsea ,f]ry1 ,%all y\r ,?omas take a spell40 ,q4 ,:y is a dunce no conjuror8 ,a4 ,because he _c spell4 ,among ! v>i\s k9ds ( spell+ may be enum]at$ spell+ = a fav\r2 or giv+ :at is call$ a broad h9t4 ,c]ta9 rules = ! division ( words into syllables are laid d[n 9 "s gramm>s1 & we %\ld be v glad to foll[ ! e/abli%$ usage1 b1 limit$ z we are by consid]ations ( comicality & space1 we _c af=d to give m ?an two v g5]al directions4 ,if y d n "k h[ to spell a ^w1 look x out 9 ! diction>y1 & if y h no diction>y by y1 write ! ^w 9 su* a way1 t1 :ile x may be guess$ at1 x %all n be legible4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,( ,,words ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,!re is no "o "q t we are aw>e ( m puzzl+ ?an ?is1 8,:at is y\r op9ion ( ?+s 9 g5]al80 ,words 9 g5]al are1 =tunately = u1 a subject on :i* ! =mation ( an op9ion is some:at m easy4 ,words /& = ?+s3 !y are a sort ( c\nt]s1 *ecks1 bank-notes1 & sometimes1 inde$1 !y are notes = :i* p get a great deal ( money4 ,su* words1 h[ev]1 are1 alas6 n ,engli% words1 or words /]l+4 ,/range6 t s mu* %\ld be giv5 = a m]e song4 ,x is q cle> t ! giv]s1 :atev] may be _! pret5sions to a ref9$ or lit]>y ta/e1 mu/ be entirely unacqua9t$ ) ,wordswor?4 ,f9e words are oily en\gh1 & he :o uses !m is vulg>ly said to 8cut x fat20 b = all t x is well kn[n t !y w n butt] p>snips4 ,"s say t words are b w9d3 = ?is reason1 :5 p are hav+ words1 x is (t5 said1 t 8! w9d's up40 ,diff]5t words please diff]5t p4 ,philosoph]s are fond ( h>d words2 p$ants ( t\gh words1 long words1 & crackjaw words2 bullies1 ( r\gh words2 boa/]s1 ( big words2 ! ris+ g5]ation1 ( slang words2 fa%ionable p1 ( ,fr5* words2 wits1 ( %>p words & sm>t words2 & ladies1 ( nice words1 sweet words1 s(t words1 & soo?+ words2 &1 inde$1 ( words 9 g5]al4 ,words 7:5 spok57 are articulate s\nds us$ by common cons5t z signs ( our ideas4 ,a ^w ( "o syllable is call$ a ,monosyllable3 z1 y1 are1 a1 great1 oaf4 ,a ^w ( two syllables is nam$ a ,dissyllable2 z1 cat-gut1 mu-sic4 ,a ^w ( ?ree syllables is t]m$ a ,trisyllable2 z1 ,mag-net-ism1 ,mum-m]-y4 ,a ^w ( f\r or m syllables is entitl$ a ,polysyllable2 z1 9-t]-mi-na-ble1 cir-cum-lo-cu-ti-on1 ex-z-pe-ra-t$1 func-ti-o-na-ry1 met-ro-po-li-tan1 ro-tun-di-ty4 ,words ( m syllables ?an "o are sometimes comically contract$ into "o syllable2 z1 9 s'pose = suppose1 b'lieve = believe1 & 'scuse = excuse3 "h1 p]haps1 'buss1 abbreviat$ f omnibus1 des]ves to be m5tion$4 ,9 l mann]1 _m long words are elegantly trimm$ & %ort5$2 z1 orn>y = ord9>y1 '/rorn>y = extraord9>y1 & curosity = curiosity2 to :i* my/]us = my/]i\s may also be add$4 ,polysyllables are an ess5tial elem5t 9 ! sublime1 bo? 9 poetry & 9 prose2 b especially 9 t species ( ! sublime :i* bord]s v closely on ! ridicul\s2 z1 8,aldiborontiphoscophormio1 ,:]e left'/ ?\ ,*rononhoton?ologos80 ,illu/ration ,all words are ei!r primitive or d]ivative4 ,a primitive ^w is t :i* _c be r$uc$ to any simpl] ^w 9 ! language2 z1 brass1 ,york1 knave4 ,a d]ivative ^w1 "u ! head ( :i* comp\nd words are also includ$1 is t :i* may be r$uc$ to ano!r & a m simple ^w 9 ! ,engli% language2 z1 braz51 ,york%ire1 knav]y1 mud-l>k1 light]man4 ,broadbrim is a d]ivative ^w2 b x is "o (t5 appli$ to a v primitive k9d ( p]son4 ,,"p ,,ii4 ,,etymology4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,a ,,comical ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,p>ts ,,( ,,spee*4 ,etymology tea*es ! v>ieties1 modifications1 & d]ivation ( words4 ,! d]ivation ( words means t :i* !y come f z words2 = :at !y come f z s\nds1 is ano!r matt]4 ,"s words come f ! he>t1 & !n !y are pa!tic2 o!rs f ! nose1 9 :i* case !y are ludicr\s4 ,! funnie/ place1 h[ev]1 f :i* words c come1 is ! /oma*4 ,by ! way1 ! ,"l ,mayor w\ld d well to keep a v5triloqui/1 f :om1 at a mom5t's notice1 he might asc]ta9 ! voice ( ! corporation4 ,comic ,etymology tea*es u ! v>ieties1 modifications1 & d]ivation1 ( words inve/$ ) a comic "*4 ,grammatically speak+1 we say t !re are1 9 ,engli%1 z _m sorts ( words z a cat is said to h lives1 n9e2 namely1 ! ,article1 ! ,sub/antive or ,n\n1 ! ,adjective1 ! ,pron\n1 ! ,v]b1 ! ,adv]b1 ! ,preposition1 ! ,conjunction1 & ! ,int]jection4 ,comically speak+1 !re are a great _m sorts ( words :i* we h n room en\gh to p>ticul>ise individually4 ,we c !re=e only af=d to classify !m4 ,= in/ance2 !re are words :i* are spok5 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries1 & are ,high ,dut* to p]sons ( quality2 z 9 ,bill+sgate1 ,:ite*apel1 & ,/4 ,giles's4 ,words 9 use among/ all ^? :o h to d ) horses4 ,words t pass betwe5 rival cab-m54 ,words peculi> to ! ,p4 ,r4 :]e ! ord] ( ! day is g5]ally a ^w & a bl[4 ,words spok5 9 a /ate ( intoxication4 ,words utt]$ "u excitem5t4 ,words ( ende>m5t1 address$ to *ildr5 9 arms4 ,simil> words1 sometimes call$ burn+1 t5d]1 s(t1 & brok5 words1 address$ to "y ladies1 & :isp]$1 lisp$1 sigh$1 or drawl$1 accord+ to circum/ances4 ,words ( hon\r2 z1 tailors' words & %oemak]s' words2 :i*1 l ! above-m5tion$1 or lov]s' words1 are v (t5 brok54 ,) _m o!r sorts ( words1 :i* w be readily sugge/$ by ! read]'s fancy4 ,b n[ let u g on ) ! p>ts ( spee*4 #a4 ,an ,article is a ^w prefix$ to sub/antives to po9t !m out1 & to %[ ! ext5t ( _! mean+2 z1 a d&y1 an ape1 ! simpleton4 ,"o k9d ( comic article is o!rwise d5om9at$ an oddity1 or que] article4 ,ano!r k9d ( comic article is (t5 to be met ) 9 ,b5tley's ,miscellany4 #b4 ,a ,sub/antive or ,n\n is ! "n ( any?+ t exi/s1 or ( :i* we h any notion2 z1 t9k]1 tailor1 soldi]1 sailor1 apo!c>y1 pl\ghboy1 ?ief4 ,n[ ! above def9ition ( a sub/antive is ,l9dley ,murray's1 n ours4 ,we m5tion ?is1 because we h an objection1 ?\gh1 n1 p]haps1 a s]i\s "o1 to urge aga9/ x2 =1 9 ! fir/ place1 we h 8no notion0 ( impud5ce1 & yet impud5ce is a sub/antive2 &1 9 ! second1 we invite att5tion to ! foll[+ piece ( ,logic1 ,a sub/antive is some?+1 ,b no?+ is a sub/antive2 ,!re=e1 no?+ is some?+4 ,a sub/antive may g5]ally be kn[n by its tak+ an article be=e x1 & by its mak+ s5se ( itself3 z1 a treat1 ! mulligrubs1 an a*e4 #c4 ,an ,adjective is a ^w jo9$ to a sub/antive to d5ote its quality2 z a ragg$ regim5t1 an odd set4 ,y may di/+ui% an adjective by its mak+ s5se ) ! ^w ?+3 z1 a poor ?+1 a sweet ?+1 a cool ?+2 or ) any p>ticul> sub/antive1 z a tickli% position1 an awkw>d mi/ake1 a /range /ep4 #d4 ,a ,pron\n is a ^w us$ 9 lieu ( a n\n1 9 ord] to avoid tautology3 z1 8,! man wants calves2 he is a la?2 he is a walk+-/ick40 #e4 ,a ,v]b is a ^w :i* signifies to be1 to d1 or to suff]3 z1 ,i am2 ,i calculate2 ,i am fix$4 ,a v]b may usually be di/+ui%$ by its mak+ s5se ) a p]sonal pron\n1 or ) ! ^w to be=e x3 z ,i yell1 he gr9s1 !y cap]2 or to dr9k1 to smoke1 to *ew4 ,fa%ionable accompli%m5ts6 ,c]ta9 sub/antives are1 ) peculi> elegance1 & by p]sons :o call !mselves g5teel1 conv]t$ into v]bs3 z1 8,d y w9e80 8,w y malt80 8,let me p]suade y to *eese80 #f4 ,an ,adv]b is a "p ( spee* :i*1 jo9$ to a v]b1 an adjective1 or ano!r adv]b1 s]ves to express "s quality or circum/ance conc]n+ x3 z1 8,%e swe>s dreadfully2 %e is incorrigibly lazy2 & %e is almo/ cont9ually 9 liquor40 #g4 ,an adv]b is g5]ally *>act]is$ by answ]+ to ! "q1 ,h[8 h[ mu*8 :58 or :]e8 z 9 ! v]se1 8,m]rily danc$ ! ,quak]'s wife10 ! answ] to ! "q1 ,h[ did %e dance8 is1 m]rily4 #h4 ,prepositions s]ve to connect words toge!r1 & to %[ ! relation betwe5 !m3 z1 8,(f ) 8 head1 s mu* = ,buck+ham60 #i4 ,a ,conjunction is us$ to connect n only words1 b s5t5ces also3 z1 ,smi? & ,jones are happy because !y are s+le4 ,a miss is z good z a mile4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s+le ,,bless$ness4 #aj4 ,an ,int]jection is a %ort ^w d5ot+ passion or emotion3 z1 8,oh1 ,sophonisba6 ,sophonisba1 oh60 ,p%aw6 ,pi%6 ,pooh6 ,bah6 ,ah6 ,au6 ,eughph6 ,yah6 ,hum6 ,ha6 ,lauk6 ,la6 ,lor6 ,heigho6 ,well6 ,!re6 c4 ,among ! =ego+ int]jections !re may1 p]haps1 be "s unhon\r$ by ! adoption ( g5ius1 & unkn[n 9 ! doma9s ( lit]ature4 ,= ! pres5t notice ( !m "s apology may be requir$1 b little w be giv52 _! ins]tion may excite a/oni%m5t1 b _! omission w\ld h provok$ compla9t3 ?\gh unprovid$ ) a ,johnsonian title to a place 9 ! ,engli% vocabul>y1 !y h long be5 recognis$ by ! popul> voice2 & let x be rememb]$1 t z cu/om supplies ! defects ( legislation1 s t :i* is n sanction$ by magi/]ial au?ority may nev]!less be ju/ifi$ by v]nacul> usage4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,! ,,articles4 ,! ,articles 9 ,engli% are two1 a & !2 a becomes an be=e a v[el1 & be=e an h :i* is n s\nd$3 z1 an exquisite1 an h\r-glass4 ,b if ! h be pron\nc$1 ! a only is us$3 z1 a homicide1 a homopa?i/1 a hum4 ,?is rule is rev]s$ 9 :at is t]m$ ! ,cockney dialect3 z1 a inspector1 a (fic]1 a object1 a omnibus1 a individual1 a ald]man1 a hon\r1 an horse1 or r1 a norse1 an h\nd1 an hunt]1 c4 ,x is usual 9 ! same dialect1 :5 ! article an %\ld1 9 /rict propriety1 prec$e a ^w1 to omit ! lett] n1 & fur!r1 = ! sake ( euphony & elegance1 to place ! aspirate h be=e ! ^w2 z1 a hegg1 a haccid5t1 a hadv]b1 a hox4 ,b sometimes1 :5 a ^w beg9s ) an h1 & has ! article a be=e x1 ! aspirate is omitt$1 ! lett] a rema9+ un*ang$3 z1 a 'ogg1 a 'edge1 a 'emisph]e1 a 'ouse4 ,! slight lib]ties :i* x is ! privilege ( ! p to take ) ! article & aspirate become always mo/ evid5t 9 ! expression ( excit$ feel+1 :5 ! /ress :i* is laid ^u c]ta9 words is height5$ by ! peculi>ity ( ! pronunciation3 z1 8,y hignorant hup/>t6 y hillit]ate 'og6 'ow d>e y to h(f] su* a hinsult to my hund]/&+8--,y are a hobject ( contempt1 y hare1 & a hinsol5t wagobond6 y\r "m 0 no?+ b a happle-woman1 & y\r fa!r 0 an 'uck/]60 ,note4--,9 ! above example1 ! ord9>y rules ( language relative to ! article & aspirate 7to say no?+ ( ! maxims ( polit5ess7 are completely set at n\ght2 b x mu/ be rememb]$1 t 9 common disc\rse ! modification ( ! article1 & ! omission or use ( ! aspirate1 are det]m9$ by ! ,cockneys accord+ to ! ease ) :i* p>ticul> words are pron\nc$2 z1 8,?\gh himpud5t1 he w>n't z impud5t z ,bill wur40 ,"h ! ^w impud5t1 foll[+ a v[el-s\nd1 is mo/ easily pron\nc$ z himpud5t1 :ile ! same ^w1 com+ aft] a consonant1 ev5 9 ! same s5t5ce1 is utt]$ ) great] facility 9 ! usual way4 ,a or an is call$ ! indef9ite article1 because x is us$1 9 a vague s5se1 to po9t out "s "o ?+ belong+ to a c]ta9 k9d1 b 9 o!r respects indet]m9ate2 z1 8,a horse1 a horse1 my k+dom = a horse60 ,s say gramm>ians4 ,eat+-h\se keep]s tell a diff]5t /ory4 ,a *eese1 9 common disc\rse1 means an object ( a c]ta9 %ape1 size1 weight1 & s on1 entire & p]fect2 s t to call half a *eese a *eese1 w\ld con/itute a flaw 9 an indictm5t aga9/ a ?ief :o _h /ol5 "o4 ,b a wait] w t]m a fraction1 or a modicum ( *eese1 a *eese2 a plate-full ( pudd+1 a pudd+2 & a /ick ( cel]y1 a cel]y1 or r1 a sal>y4 ,nay1 he w ev5 apply ! article a to a ^w :i* does n /& = an individual object at all2 z a bread1 a butt]1 a bacon4 ,"h we are rem9d$ ( ! fam\s exclamation ( "o ( ^! g5try3--8,ma/]6 ma/]6 !re's two teas & a br&y-&-wat] j hopp$ ov] ! pal+s60 ,! is t]m$ ! def9ite article1 inasmu* z x d5otes :at p>ticul> ?+ or ?+s are meant2 z1 8,! mill] he /ole corn1 ,! weav] he /ole y>n1 ,& ! little tailr he /ole broad-clo? ,to keep ! ?ree rogues w>m40 ,a sub/antive to :i* no article is prefix$ is tak5 9 a g5]al s5se2 z1 8,apple sauce is prop] = goose20 t is1 = all geese4 ,illu/ration3 ,,apple-,,sauce4 ,a few additional rem>ks may advantage\sly be made ) respect to ! articles4 ,! m]e sub/itution ( ! def9ite = ! indef9ite article is capable ( *ang+ entirely ! mean+ ( a s5t5ce4 8,t is a ticket0 is ! ass]tion ( a c]ta9 fact2 b 8,t is ! ticket60 means some?+ :i* is q diff]5t4 ,! article is n prefix$ to a prop] "n2 z1 ,/ubbs1 ,wigg9s1 ,*ubb1 or ,hobson1 except = ! sake ( di/+ui%+ a p>ticul> family1 or description ( p]sons2 z1 ,he is a ,burke2 t is1 "o ( ! ,burkes1 or a p]son resembl+ ,burke4 ,! article is sometimes also prefix$ to a prop] "n1 to po9t out "s di/+ui%$ individual2 z1 ,! ,burke1 or ! great politician1 or ! resurrectioni/1 ,burke4 ,:o is ! ,smi?8 ,! indef9ite article is jo9$ to sub/antives 9 ! s+ul> numb] only4 ,we h he>d p say1 h[ev]1 8,he keeps a w9e-vaults20 or1 to quote m correctly--waltz4 ,! def9ite article may be jo9$ to plurals also4 ,! def9ite article is frequ5tly us$ ) adv]bs 9 ! comp>ative & sup]lative degree3 z1 8,! long] ,i live1 ! broad] ,i gr[20 or1 z we h all he>d ! %[man say1 8,?is "h1 g5tlem5 & ladies1 is ! vond]ful heagle ( ! sun2 ! 'ott]] x gr[s1 ! high]] he flies60 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,section ,i4 ,,( ,,sub/antives ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,sub/antives are ei!r prop] or common4 ,prop] names1 or sub/antives1 are ! names belong+ to individuals3 z ,william1 ,birm+ham4 ,^! are sometimes conv]t$ into nicknames1 or improp] names3 z ,bill1 ,brummagem4 ,common names1 or sub/antives1 d5ote k9ds conta9+ _m sorts1 or sorts conta9+ _m individuals "u !m3 z brute1 bea/1 bumpk91 *]ub1 infant1 gobl91 c4 ,prop] names1 :5 an article is prefix$ to !m1 are employ$ z common names3 z1 8,!y ?\ght him a p]fect ,*e/]field2 he q a/oni%$ ! ,br[ns40 ,common names1 on ! o!r h&1 are made to d5ote individuals1 by ! addition ( articles or pron\ns3 z1 8,!re 0 a little man1 & he _h a little gun40 8,t boy w be ! dea? ( me60 ,sub/antives are consid]$ accord+ to g5d]1 numb]1 & case2 !y are all ( ! ?ird p]son :5 spok5 (1 & ( ! second :5 spok5 to3 z1 ,matilda1 faire/ maid1 :o art ,9 c\ntless bump]s toa/$1 ,o let ?y pity ba/e ! he>t ,?y fatal *>ms h roa/$6 ,illu/ration ,,section ,,ii4 ,,( ,,g5d]4 ,! di/9ction betwe5 n\ns ) reg>d to sex is call$ ,g5d]4 ,!re are ?ree g5d]s2 ! ,mascul9e1 ! ,fem99e1 & ! ,neut]4 ,! mascul9e g5d] belongs to animals ( ! male k9d3 z1 a fop1 a jackass1 a bo>1 a poet1 a lion4 ,! fem99e g5d] is peculi> to animals ( ! female k9d3 z1 a poetess1 a lioness1 a goose4 ,! neut] g5d] is t ( objects :i* are nei!r males nor females3 z1 a toa/1 a tank>d1 a pot1 a pipe1 a pudd+1 a pie1 a sausage1 a roll1 a muff91 a crumpet1 a puff1 a *eesecake1 a bun1 an apricot1 an orange1 a lollipop1 a cream1 an ice1 a jelly1 c4 c4 c4 ,we might g on to enum]ate an inf9ity ( objects ( ! neut] g5d]1 ( all sorts & k9ds2 b 9 ! selection ( ! =ego+ examples we h be5 guid$ by two consid]ations3-- #a4 ,! desire ( excit+ agreeable emotions 9 ! m9d ( ! read]4 #b4 ,! wi% to illu/rate ! foll[+ proposition1 8,t almo/ ev]y?+ nice is also neut]40 ,except1 h[ev]1 a nice "y lady1 a nice duck1 & "o or two o!r nice ?+s1 :i* we d n at pres5t rememb]4 ,"s neut] sub/antives are by a figure ( spee* conv]t$ into ! mascul9e or fem99e g5d]3 ?us we say ( ! sun1 t :5 he %9es ^u a ,sociali/1 he %9es ^u a ?ief2 & ( ! moon1 t %e affects ! m9ds ( lov]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,sociali/4 ,!re are c]ta9 n\ns ) :i* notions ( /r5g?1 vig\r1 & ! l qualities1 are m p>ticul>ly connect$2 & ^! are ! neut] sub/antives :i* are figuratively r5d]$ mascul9e4 ,on ! o!r h&1 beauty1 amiability1 & s =?1 are held to inve/ words ) a fem99e "*4 ,?us ! sun is said to be mascul9e1 & ! moon fem99e4 ,b = our own "p1 & our view is confirm$ by ! discov]ies ( a/ronomy1 we believe t ! sun is call$ mascul9e f 8 support+ & su/a9+ ! moon1 & f9d+ h] ! :]e)al to %9e away z %e does ( a night1 :5 all quiet p are 9 b$2 & f 8 be+ oblig$ to keep su* a family ( />s besides4 ,! moon1 we ?9k1 is acc\nt$ fem99e1 because %e is ?us ma9ta9$ & kept up 9 h] spl5d\r1 l a f9e lady1 by h] husb& ! sun4 ,fur!rmore1 ! moon is cont9ually *ang+2 on :i* acc\nt alone %e might be ref]r$ to ! fem99e g5d]4 ,! e>? is fem99e1 trick$ out1 z %e is1 ) gems & fl[]s4 ,cities & t[ns are likewise fem99e1 because !re are z _m w9d+s1 turn+s1 & little odd corn]s 9 !m z !re are 9 ! female m9d4 ,a %ip is fem99e1 inasmu* z %e is bl[n ab\t by e w9d4 ,virtue is fem99e by c\rtesy4 ,=tune & mis=tune1 l "m & daught]1 are bo? fem99e4 ,! ,*ur* is fem99e1 because %e is m>ri$ to ! /ate2 or m>ri$ to ! /ate because %e is fem99e--we d n "k :i*4 ,"t is mascul9e1 because he is s trifl$ ) by ! ladies4 ,illu/ration3 8,%an't ,i %9e to-night1 de>80 ,! ,engli% language di/+ui%es ! sex 9 ?ree mann]s2 namely1 #a4 ,by diff]5t words2 z1 ,,male4 ,,female4 ,ba*elor ,maid4 ,bo> ,s[4 ,boy ,girl4 ,bull ,c[4 ,bro!r ,si/]4 ,buck ,doe4 ,bullock ,heif]4 ,h>t ,roe4 ,cock ,h54 ,dog ,bit*4 ,drake ,duck4 ,wiz>d ,wit*4 ,e>l ,c\ntess4 ,fa!r ,"m4 ,fri> ,nun4 ,& sev]al o!r ,words we don't m5tion1 7,pray p>don ! crime17 ,wor? y\r att5tion1 ,b want+ 9 rhyme4 #b4 ,by a diff]5ce ( t]m9ation2 z1 ,,male4 ,,female4 ,poet ,poetess4 ,lion ,lioness1 c4 #c4 ,by a n\n1 pron\n1 or adjective be+ prefix$ to ! sub/antive2 z1 ,,male4 ,,female4 ,a cock-lob/] ,a h5-lob/]4 ,a jack-ass ,a j5ny-ass 7v]nacul>74 ,a man-s]vant1 or flunkey4 ,a maid-s]vant1 or ,abigail4 ,a he-be> 7l ,k+ ,h>ry74 ,a %e-be> 7l ,que5 ,bess74 ,a male flirt 7a r>e animal74 ,a female flirt 7a common animal74 ,we h he>d x said1 t e ,jack has 8 ,jill4 ,t may be2 b x is by no means true t e cock has 8 h52 = !re is a ,cock-swa91 b no ,h5-swa94 ,cock-eye1 b no ,h5-eye4 ,cock-ade1 b no ,h5-ade4 ,cock-atrice1 b no ,h5-atrice4 ,cock-horse1 b no ,h5-horse4 ,cock-ney1 b no ,h5-ney4 ,!n we h a wea!r-cock1 b no wea!r-h52 a turn-cock1 b no turn-h52 & _m a jolly cock1 b n "o jolly h52 unless we except "s ( ^? by :om _! mates are peck$4 ,"s words2 z1 p>5t1 *ild1 c\s91 fri5d1 neighb\r1 s]vant1 & sev]al o!rs1 are ei!r male or female1 accord+ to circum/ances4 ,! ^w blue 7us$ z a sub/antive7 is "o ( ?is class4 ,x is a great pity t our language is s poor 9 ! t]m9ations t d5ote g5d]4 ,7 we to say ( a woman1 t %e is a rogue1 a knave1 a scamp1 or a vagabond1 we feel t we %\ld use1 n only /rong b improp] expressions4 ,yet we h no correspond+ t]ms to apply1 9 case ( necessity1 to ! female4 ,:y is ?is8 ,d\btless because we nev] want !m4 ,= ! same reason1 our =efa!rs transmitt$ to u ! words1 philosoph]1 a/ronom]1 philolog]1 & s =?1 )\t any fem99e equival5t4 ,alas6 = ! wisdom ( our ance/ors6 ,!y nev] calculat$ on ! ,m>* ( ,intellect4 ,we und]/& t x is 9 contemplation to co9 a new ^w1 memb]ess2 x be+ confid5tly expect$ t by ! "t ! new ,h\ses ( ,p>liam5t are f9i%$1 ! progress ( civilisation w h furni%$ u ) female repres5tatives4 ,9 t case ! ,h\se w be an assembly ( ,speak]s4 ,b if all ! old wom5 are to be turn$ out ( ,/4 ,/eph5's1 & _! places to be fill$ ) "y ones1 ! nation w h>dly be a los] by ! *ange4 ,,section ,,iii4 ,,( ,,numb]4 ,numb] is ! consid]ation ( an object z "o or m2 z1 "o poet1 two1 ?ree1 f\r1 five poets2 & s on1 ad inf9itum4 ,o!r c\ntries may reckon up z _m poets z !y please2 ,engl& has "o m4 ,! s+ul> numb] expresses "o object only2 z1 a t[el1 a vip]4 ,! plural signifies m objects ?an "o2 z1 t[els1 vip]s4 ,"s n\ns are us$ only 9 ! s+ul> numb]2 dirt1 pit*1 tall[1 grease1 fil?1 butt]1 asp>agus1 c42 o!rs only 9 ! plural2 z1 galligask9s1 bree*es1 c4 ,"s words are ! same 9 bo? numb]s2 z1 %eep1 sw9e1 & "s o!rs4 8,a doctor1 bo? to %eep & sw9e10 ,said ,mrs4 ,glass1 8,i am2 ,= legs ( mutton ,i c dress1 ,& %9e 9 cur+ ham40 ,! plural numb] ( n\ns is usually =m$ by add+ s to ! s+ul>2 z1 dove1 doves1 love1 loves1 c4 ,julia1 dove returns to dove1 ,quid pro quo1 & love = love2 ,happy 9 our mutual loves1 ,let u live l turtle doves6 ,illu/ration ,:51 h[ev]1 ! sub/antive s+ul> ends 9 x1 * s(t1 %1 ss1 or s1 we add es 9 ! plural4 ,b rememb]1 ?\gh box ,9 ! plural makes boxes1 ,t ! plural ( ox ,%\ld be ox51 n oxes4 ,a few ,s+ul> ,plurals1 or ,plurals popul>ly v>i$1 are z foll[3-- ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 ,bea/ ,bea/es1 bea/ices4 ,cru/ ,cru/es4 ,gu/ ,gu/es4 ,gho/ ,gho/es4 ,ho/ ,ho/es4 ,joi/ ,joi/es4 ,mi/ ,mi/es4 ,ne/ ,ne/es4 ,po/1 c4 ,po/es1 po/ices1 c4 ,note4--,! s+ul> is (t5 us$1 by a k9d ( lic5ce conc$$ to p]sons ( ref9em5t1 = ! plural2 z1 8,may ,i tr\ble y = a bean80 8,w y assi/ ,miss ,sprigg9s to a pea80 ,s also p say1 8,a few gre540 8,two or ?ree radi%10 c4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,,( ,,case4 ,!re is ne>ly z mu* diff]5ce betwe5 ,lat9 & ,engli% sub/antives1 ) respect to ! numb] ( cases p]ta9+ to ea*1 z !re is betwe5 a quack-doctor & a physician2 = :ile 9 ,lat9 sub/antives h six cases1 9 ,engli% !y h b ?ree4 ,b ! analogy %\ld n be /ra9$ too f>2 = ! fools 9 ! _w 7:o furni% ! quack ) 8 cases7 m ?an d\ble ! numb] ( ! wise4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,v ,,bad ,,case4 ,! cases ( sub/antives are ^!3 ! ,nom9ative1 ! ,possessive or ,g5itive1 & ! ,objective or ,accusative4 ,! ,nom9ative ,case m]ely expresses ! "n ( a ?+1 or ! subject ( ! v]b3 z1 8,! doctors diff]20--8,! pati5t dies60 ,possession1 :i* is n9e po9ts ( ! law1 is :at is signifi$ by ! ,possessive ,case4 ,?is case is di/+ui%$ by an apo/rophe1 ) ! lett] s subjo9$ to x3 z1 8,my s\l's idol60--8,a pudd+'s end40 ,b :5 ! plural ends 9 s1 ! apo/rophe only is reta9$1 & ! o!r s is omitt$3 z1 8,! ,m9i/]s' ,/ep20--8,! ,rogues' ,m>*20--8,crocodiles' te>s20--8,but*]s' m\rn+40 ,:5 ! s+ul> t]m9ates 9 ss1 ! lett] s is sometimes1 9 l mann]1 disp5s$ )3 z1 8,= goodness' sake60--8,= righte\sness' sake60 ,nev]!less1 we h no objection to 8,gu9ness's0 ,/\t4 ,! ,objective ,case foll[s a v]b active1 & expresses ! object ( an action1 or ( a relation3 z1 8,spr+ beat ,bill20 t is1 ,bill or 8,william ,neate40 ,h5ce1 p]haps1 ! ,am]ican phrase1 8,i'll lick y elegant40 ,by ! by1 x seems to u1 t :5 ! ,am]icans revolt$ f ! au?ority ( ,engl&1 !y det]m9$ also to revolutionise _! language4 ,! ,objective ,case is also us$ ) a preposition3 z1 8,y are 9 a mess40 ,engli% sub/antives may be decl9$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3-- ,,s+ul>4 ,:at is ! nom9ative case ,( h] :o us$ to wa% y\r face1 ,y\r hair to comb1 y\r boots to lace8 ,a "m6 ,:at ! possessive8 ,^: ! slap ,t taught y n to spill y\r pap1 ,or to avoid a l mi%ap8 ,a "m's6 ,& %all ,i ! objective %[8 ,:at d ,i he> :]e'er ,i g8 ,h[ is y\r8--:om !y mean ,i "k1 ,my "m6 ,,plural4 ,:o are ! anxi\s wat*]s o'er ,! slumb]s ( a little bore1 ,t screams :5e'er x doesn't snore8 ,:y1 mo!rs6 ,^: pity wipes its pip+ eyes1 ,& /ills matur] *ildhood's cries1 ,/opp+ its m\? ) cakes & pies8 ,oh6 mo!rs'6 ,& :om1 :5 ma/]1 fi]ce & fell1 ,du/s truant v>lets' jackets well1 ,:om d !y1 ro>+1 run & tell8 ,_! mo!rs6 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,( ,,adjectives4 ,,section ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,adjectives ,,& ,,! ,,degrees ,,( ,,comp>ison4 ,an ,engli% ,adjective1 :atev] may be its g5d]1 numb]1 or case1 l a ru/y wea!rcock1 nev] v>ies4 ,?us we say1 8,a c]ta9 cab9et2 c]ta9 rogues40 ,b z a ru/y wea!rcock may v>y 9 be+ m or less ru/y1 s an adjective v>ies 9 ! degrees ( comp>ison4 ,! degrees ( comp>ison1 l ! g5d]s1 ! ,graces1 ! ,fates1 ! ,k+s ( ,cologne1 ! ,weird ,si/]s1 ! ,jolly ,po/boys1 & _m o!r ?+s1 are ?ree2 ! ,positive1 ! ,comp>ative1 & ! ,sup]lative4 ,! ,positive /ate simply expresses ! quality ( an object2 z1 fat1 ugly1 fooli%4 ,! ,comp>ative degree increases or less5s ! signification ( ! positive2 z1 fatt]1 ugli]1 m fooli%1 less fooli%4 ,! ,sup]lative degree increases or less5s ! positive to ! highe/ or l[e/ degree2 z1 fatte/1 uglie/1 mo/ fooli%1 lea/ fooli%4 ,among/ ! anci5ts1 ,ulysses 0 ! fatte/1 because nobody c\ld compass him4 ,ari/ides ! ,j 0 ! uglie/1 because he 0 s v pla94 ,! mo/ fooli%1 und\bt$ly1 0 ,hom]2 = :o 0 m natural ?an he8 ,! positive becomes ! comp>ative by ! addition ( r or er2 & ! sup]lative by ! addition ( / or e/ to ! end ( x2 z1 br[n1 br[n]1 br[ne/2 /\t1 /\t]1 /\te/2 heavy1 heavi]1 heavie/2 wet1 wett]1 wette/4 ,! adv]bs m & mo/1 prefix$ to ! adjective1 also =m ! sup]lative degree2 z1 heavy1 m heavy1 mo/ heavy4 ,mo/ heavy is ! dr9k ( draym53 h5ce1 p]haps1 ! weight ( ^? important p]sonages4 ,m ( ?is1 h[ev]1 9 our =?com+ "w on ,phr5ology4 ,monosyllables are usually comp>$ by er & e/1 & dissyllables by m & mo/2 except dissyllables end+ 9 y or 9 le be=e a mute1 or ^? :i* are acc5t$ on ! la/ syllable2 = ^!1 l monosyllables1 easily admit ( er & e/4 ,b ^! t]m9ations are sc>cely ev] us$ 9 comp>+ words ( m ?an two syllables4 ,we h "s words1 :i*1 f cu/om1 are irregul> 9 respect ( comp>ison2 z1 good1 bett]1 be/2 bad1 worse1 wor/1 c4 ,mu* amusem5t may be d]iv$ f ! comp>isons ( adjectives1 z made by natural gramm>ians2 a class ( be+s :o g5]ally inhabit ! kit*5 or /able1 b may sometimes be met ) 9 m elevat$ regions4 ,a few examples w n be out ( place4 ,we are n speak+ ( s]vants1 b ( degrees ( comp>ison2 z1 ,,positive4 ,,comp>ative4 ,,sup]lative4 ,good ,m bett]1 ,mo/ be/1 bett]] or m be/e/4 bett]]4 ,tight ,m tight]1 ,mo/ tighte/4 tight]] or m tight]]4 ,bad ,wuss or wuss]4 ,wu/ or wusse/4 ,h&some ,m h&som] l4 ,mo/ h&some/4 ,extravagant ,extravagant]1 ,extravagante/1 m extravagant]4 mo/ extravagante/4 ,/upid ,/upid]1 ,/upide/1 m /upid]4 mo/ /upide/4 ,little ,littl]1 m littl]4 ,little/1 mo/ little/4 ,) _m o!rs4 ,"h also may be adduc$ ! ,yankee's 8notion0 ( comp>ison2 8,my uncle's a t>nation rogue2 b ,i'm a t>nationer40 ,,section ,,ii4 ,a ,,few ,,rem>ks ,,on ,,! ,,subject ,,( ,,comp>ison4 ,comp>isons appe> to h be5 /rongly disapprov$ ( by ,dr4 ,johnson4 8,sir10 said he1 8! ,:igs make comp>isons40 ,x mu/ be confess$ t ! ,doctor's mean+ is n q s evid5t "h z x is 9 g5]al2 b t may be ! fault ( 8 biograph]4 ,p]haps "s ( ! ,:igs _h be5 mak+ comp>isons at 8 exp5se1 or imp]t95t comp>isons1 :i* 8 temp]1 be+ positive1 may h tempt$ !m to indulge 94 ,or !y may h be5 out 9 mak+ _! comp>isons1 :i*1 9 t case1 mu/ ( c\rse h be5 bad4 ,b a truce to speculations ( ?is k9d1 on ! say+ ( "o1 ano!r ( ^: dogmas 01 t 8! man :o c\ld make a pun w\ld also pick a pocket40 ,we only hope1 t su* comp>isons z we may make1 w no m vex 8 _s n[ ?an !y w\ld once h ar\s$ 8 bile4 ,l9dley ,murray judici\sly obs]ves1 t 8if we consid] ! subject ( comp>ison att5tively1 we %all p]ceive t ! degrees ( x are inf9ite 9 numb]1 or at lea/ indef9ite30 & he proce$s to say1 8,a m\nta9 is l>g] ?an a mite2 by h[ _m degrees8 ,h[ mu* bigg] is ! e>? ?an a gra9 ( s&8 ,by h[ _m degrees 0 ,socrates wis] ?an ,alcibiades8 or by h[ _m is sn[ :it] ?an ?is pap]8 ,x is pla910 quo? ,l9dley1 8t to ^! & ! l que/ions no def9ite answ]s c be return$40 ,no2 b an imp]t95t "o may4 ,ask ! fir/ *>ity-boy y meet any "o ( !m1 & see if he does n imm$iately respond1 8,ax my eye20 or1 8,z mu* aga9 z half40 ,b :5 quantity c be exactly measur$1 ! degrees ( excess may be exactly asc]ta9$4 ,a foot is j twelve times z long z an in*2 a tailor is n9e times less ?an a man4 ,moreov]1 to comp5sate = ! indef9it5ess ( ! degrees ( comp>ison1 we use c]ta9 adv]bs & words ( l import1 :]eby we r5d] our mean+ tol]ably intelligible2 z1 8,byron 0 a mu* great] poet ?an ,mugg9s40 8,honey is a great deal sweet] ?an wax40 8,sug> is consid]ably m pleasant ?an ! cane40 8,m>ia says1 t ,dick ! but*] is by f> ! mo/ kill+ "y man %e kn[s40 ,! words v1 exce$+ly1 & ! l1 plac$ be=e ! positive1 give x ! =ce ( ! sup]lative2 & ?is is call$ by "s ! sup]lative ( em95ce1 z di/+ui%$ f ! sup]lative ( comp>ison4 ,?us1 ,v ,rev]5d is t]m$ ! sup]lative ( em95ce1 al?\gh x is ! title ( a dean1 n ( a c>d9al2 & ,mo/ ,rev]5d1 ! appellation ( an ,ar*bi%op1 is call$ ! sup]lative ( comp>ison4 ,a ,bi%op1 9 our op9ion1 is ,mo/ ,excell5t4 ,! comp>ative is sometimes s employ$ z to express ! same pre-em95ce or inf]iority z ! sup]lative4 ,= in/ance2 ! s5t5ce1 8,( all ! cultivators ( sci5ce1 ! botani/ is ! mo/ crafty10 has ! same mean+ z ! foll[+ 8,! botani/ is m crafty ?an any o!r cultivator ( sci5ce40 ,:y8 "s ( our read]s w ask-- ,because he is acqua9t$ ) all sorts ( plants4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,( ,,pron\ns4 ,pron\ns or proxy-n\ns are ( ?ree k9ds2 namely1 ! ,p]sonal1 ! ,relative1 & ! ,adjective ,pron\ns4 ,note4--,t :5 we said1 "s few pages back1 t a pron\n 0 a ^w us$ in/ead ( a n\n1 we did n mean to call su* words z ?+umibob1 :ats9ame1 :at-d'ye-call-x1 & ! l1 pron\ns4 ,& t1 al?\gh we %all proce$ to treat ( ! pron\ns 9 ! ,engli% language1 we %all h no?+ to d1 at pres5t1 ) :at "s p please to call pron\n-ciation4 ,,section ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,p]sonal ,,pron\ns4 8,mr4 ,haddams1 don't be p]sonal1 ,sir60 8,i'm n1 ,sir40 8,y h>1 ,sir60 8,:at did ,i say1 ,sir8--tell me t40 8,y reflect$ on my p]fession1 ,sir2 y said1 z !re 0 "s p z always /uck up = ! clo?2 & y ins9nivat$ t c]ta9 p>ties d9$ (f goose by means ( cabbag+ f ! p>i%4 ,i ask any g5tleman 9 ! we/ry1 if t an't p]sonal80 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,select ,,ve/ry4 8,vell1 ,sir1 vot ,i says ,i'll /ick to40 8,yes1 ,sir1 l vax1 z ! say+ is40 8,wot d'ye mean by t1 ,sir80 8,wot ,i say1 ,sir60 8,y're a individual1 ,sir60 8,y're ano!r1 ,sir60 8,y're no g5tleman1 ,sir60 8,y're a humbug1 ,sir60 8,y're a knave1 ,sir60 8,y're a rogue1 ,sir60 8,y're a wagabond1 ,sir60 8,y're a willa91 ,sir60 8,y're a tailor1 ,sir60 8,y're a cobbl]1 ,sir60 7,ord]6 ord]6 *air6 *air6 c47 ,! above is :at is call$ p]sonal language4 ,h[ _m diff]5t ?+s "o ^w s]ves to express 9 ,engli%6 ,a pron\n may be z p]sonal z possible1 & yet nobody w take (f5ce at x4 ,!re are five ,p]sonal ,pron\ns2 namely1 ,i1 ?\1 he1 %e1 x2 ) _! plurals1 we1 ye or y1 !y4 ,p]sonal ,pron\ns admit ( p]son1 numb]1 g5d]1 & case4 ,pron\ns h ?ree p]sons 9 ea* numb]4 ,9 ! ,s+ul>2 ,i1 is ! fir/ p]son4 ,?\1 is ! second p]son4 ,he1 %e1 or x1 is ! ?ird p]son4 ,9 ! plural2 ,we1 is ! fir/ p]son4 ,ye or y1 is ! second p]son4 ,!y1 is ! ?ird p]son4 ,?is acc\nt ( p]sons w be v intelligible :5 ! foll[+ ,pa/oral ,fragm5t is reflect$ on3-- ,,he4 ,i love !e1 ,susan1 on my life3 ,?\ art ! maid5 = a wife4 ,he :o lives s+le is an ass2 ,%e :o ne'er w$s a luckless lass4 ,x's tiresome "w to live alone2 ,s come ) me1 & be my own4 ,,%e4 ,we maids are (t by m5 deceiv$2 ,ye don't des]ve to be believ$2 ,y don't--b !re's my h&--heigho6 ,!y tell u1 wom5 c't say no6 ,! speak] or speak]s are ( ! fir/ p]son2 ^? spok5 to1 ( ! second2 & ^? spok5 (1 ( ! ?ird4 ,( ! ?ree p]sons1 ! fir/ is ! mo/ univ]sally admir$4 ,! second is ! object ( mu* adulation & flatt]y1 & n[ & !n ( a little abuse4 ,! ?ird p]son is g5]ally made small acc\nt (2 &1 among/ o!r grievances1 suff]s a great deal f be+ frequ5tly bitt5 ab\t ! back4 ,! ,numb]s ( pron\ns1 l ^? ( sub/antives1 are1 z we h already se51 two2 ! s+ul> & ! plural4 ,9 address+ y\rself to anybody1 x is cu/om>y to use ! second p]son plural in/ead ( ! s+ul>4 ,?is practice mo/ probably arose f a notion1 t to be ?\ght twice ! man t ! speak] 01 gratifi$ ! vanity ( ! p]son address$4 ,?us1 ! ,fr5* put a d\ble ,monsieur on ! backs ( _! lett]s4 ,editors say 8,we10 in/ead ( 8,i10 out ( mode/y4 ,! ,quak]s cont9ue to say 8!e0 & 8?\10 9 ! use ( :i* pron\ns1 z well z 9 ! we>+ ( broad-brimm$ hats & ( /&-up coll>s1 !y p]ceive a peculi> sanctity4 ,g5d] has to d only ) ! ?ird p]son s+ul> ( ! pron\ns1 he1 %e1 x4 ,he is mascul9e2 %e is fem99e2 x is neut]4 ,pron\ns h ! l cases ) sub/antives2 ! nom9ative1 ! possessive1 & ! objective4 ,w\ld t !y 7 ! h>de/ cases to be met ) 9 ?is c\ntry6 ,! p]sonal pron\ns are ?us decl9$3-- ,,fir/ ,,p]son ,,fir/ ,,p]son ,,case4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 ,nom4 ,i ,we4 ,poss4 ,m9e ,ours4 ,obj4 ,me ,u4 ,pron\ns1 y see1 are decl9$ )\t fuss4 ,,case4 ,,second ,,p]son4 ,,second ,,p]son4 ,nom4 ,?\ ,ye or y4 ,poss4 ,?9e ,y\rs4 ,obj4 ,!e ,y4 ,h[ glad ,i %all be :5 my task ,i've got ?r\gh6 ,n[ ! ?ird p]son s+ul>1 z we be=e obs]v$1 has g5d]s2 & we %all !re=e decl9e x 9 a diff]5t way4 ,v>iety is *>m+4 ,,?ird ,,p]son ,,s+ul>4 ,,case4 ,,masc4 ,,fem4 ,,neut4 ,nom4 ,he ,%e ,x4 ,well done ,kit6 ,poss4 ,84 ,h]s ,its4 ,n[ ,tom's quits4 ,obj4 ,him ,h] ,x4 ,deuce a bit6 ,,case4 ,,plural4 ,nom4 ,!y ,poss4 ,!irs4 ,obj4 ,!m4 ,read]1 ,mem4 ,we beg to in=m !e1 t ! ?ird p]son plural has no di/9ction ( g5d]4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,,( ,,! ,,relative ,,pron\ns4 ,! ,pron\ns call$ ,relative are su* z relate1 = ! mo/ "p1 to "s ^w or phrase1 call$ ! antec$5t1 on acc\nt ( its go+ be=e3 !y are1 :o1 :i*1 & t3 z1 8,! man :o does n dr9k en\gh :5 he c get x1 is a fool2 b he t dr9ks too mu* is a bea/40 ,:at is usually equival5t to t :i*1 & is1 !re=e1 a k9d ( comp\nd relative1 conta9+ bo? ! antec$5t & ! relative2 z1 8,y want :at y'll v soon h60 t is to say1 ! ?+ :i* y w v soon h4 ,:o is appli$ to p]sons1 :i* to animals & ?+s )\t life2 z1 8,he is a g5tleman :o keeps a horse & lives respectably40 8,to ! dog :i* p9n$ ! old woman1 !y cri$1 #8,cs>6'0 8,?is is ! tree :i* ,l>k9s call$ a helm40 ,l>k9s4--,i say1 ,nibbs1 v5 is a helm box l a a/hmatical *e/8 ,nibbs4--,v5 x's a c(f94 ,t1 z a relative1 is us$ to prev5t ! too frequ5t repetition ( :o & :i*1 & is appli$ bo? to p]sons & ?+s2 z1 8,he t /ops ! bottle is a ,cork man40 8,?is is ! h\se t ,jack built40 ,:o is ( bo? numb]s2 & s is an ,editor2 =1 accord+ to :at we obs]v$ j n[1 he is bo? s+ul> & plural4 ,:o1 we repeat1 is ( bo? numb]s1 & is ?us decl9$3-- ,,s+ul> ,,& ,,plural4 ,nom9ative4 ,:o ,is ! maid5 to woo8 ,g5itive4 ,^: ,h& %all ,i *oose8 ,accusative4 ,:om ,to despair %all ,i doom8 ,:i*1 t1 & :at are indecl9able2 except t ^: is sometimes us$ z ! possessive case ( :i*2 z1 8,! roe1 poor de>1 lam5ts ama91 ,^: sweet h>t 0 by hunt] sla940 ,?us ^: is sub/itut$ = ( :i*1 9 ! foll[+ example3-- 8,!re is a black+ fam$1 ( :i* ,! sale made ,day & ,m>t9 ri*2 ,!re is ano!r black+1 ^: ,comp\nd] patronis$ ! ,muse40#b ,:o1 :i*1 & :at1 :5 !y are us$ 9 ask+ que/ions1 are call$ ,int]rogatives2 z1 8,:o is ,mr4 ,walk]80 8,:i* is ! left side ( a r\nd plum-pudd+80 8,:at is ! damage80 ,^? :o h made popul> phraseology _! /udy1 w h f\nd t :i* is sometimes us$ = :]eas1 & words ( l signification2 z 9 ,dean ,swift's 8,m>y ! ,cookmaid's ,lett] to ,dr4 ,%]idan03-- 8,& n[ ,i "k :]eby y w\ld fa9 make an excuse1 ,because my ma/] "o day 9 ang] call'd y a goose2 ,:i*1 & ,i am sure ,i h be5 8 s]vant s9ce ,octob]1 ,& he nev] call$ me worse ?an swee!>t1 drunk or sob]40 ,:at1 or1 to speak m improp]ly1 wot1 is g5]ally sub/itut$ by cabm5 & co/]mong]s = :o2 z1 8,! donkey wot w\ldn't g40 8,! man wot sweeps ! cross+40 ,t1 likewise1 is v frequ5tly reject$ by ! vulg>1 :o use z 9 its place2 z1 8,!m z asks %an't h any2 & !m z don't ask don't want any40 ,,section ,,iii4 ,,( ,,! ,,adjective ,,pron\ns4 ,adjective pron\ns p>take ( ! nature ( bo? pron\ns & adjectives4 ,!y may be subdivid$ into f\r sorts3 ! possessive1 ! di/ributive1 ! demon/rative1 & ! indef9ite4 ,! possessive pron\ns are ^? :i* imply possession or prop]ty4 ,( ^! !re are sev52 namely1 my1 ?y1 81 h]1 our1 y\r1 _!4 ,! ^w self is add$ to possessives2 z1 myself1 y\rself1 8,says ,i to myself1 says ,i40 ,self is also sometimes us$ ) p]sonal pron\ns2 z1 himself1 itself1 !mselves4 ,8 self is a common1 b n a prop] expression4 ,illu/ration3 ,,self-,,e/eem4 ,! di/ributive are ?ree3 ea*1 e1 ei!r2 !y d5ote ! individual p]sons or ?+s sep>ately1 :i*1 :5 tak5 toge!r1 make up a numb]4 ,ea* is us$ :5 two or m p]sons or ?+s are m5tion$ s+ly2 z1 8ea* ( ! ,catos20 8ea* ( ! ,br[ns40 ,e relates to "o out ( sev]al2 z1 8,e m>e is a horse1 b e horse is n a m>e40 ,ei!r ref]s to "o out ( two2 z1 8,:5 ,i betwe5 two jockeys ride1 ,i h a knave on ei!r side40 ,nei!r signifies 8n ei!r20 z 8,nei!r ( ! ,bacons 0 relat$ to ,hogg40 ,! demon/rative pron\ns precisely po9t out ! subjects to :i* !y relate2 su* are ?is & t1 ) _! plurals ^! & ^?2 z1 8,?is is a =eign ,pr9ce2 t is an ,engli% ,pe]40 ,?is ref]s to ! ne>e/ p]son or ?+1 & to ! latt] or la/ m5tion$2 t to ! mo/ di/ant1 & to ! =m] or fir/ m5tion$2 z1 8,?is is a man2 t is a nondescript40 8,at ! p]iod ( ! ,re=mation 9 ,scotl&1 a curi\s contra/ betwe5 ! anci5t & mod]n ecclesia/ical sy/ems 0 obs]v$2 = :ile t _h be5 always ma9ta9$ by a ,bull1 ?is 0 n[ support$ by a ,knox40 ,! indef9ite are ^? :i* express _! subjects 9 an indef9ite or g5]al mann]2 z1 "s1 o!r1 any1 "o1 all1 su*1 c4 ,:5 ! def9ite article ! comes be=e ! ^w o!r1 ^? :o d n "k bett]1 are accu/om$ to /rike out ! he 9 !1 & to say1 t'o!r4 ,! same p]sons also use o!r 9 ! comp>ative degree2 = sometimes1 in/ead ( say+ q ! rev]se1 or p]haps rewerse1 !y avail !mselves ( ! expression1 m t'o!r4 ,s mu* = ! ,pron\ns4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,( ,,v]bs4 ,,section ,i4 ,,( ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,v]bs ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,! nature ( ,v]bs 9 g5]al1 & t 9 all languages1 is1 t !y are ! mo/ difficult ?+s 9 ! ,gramm>4 ,v]bs are divid$ into ,active1 ,passive1 & ,neut]2 & also into ,regul>1 ,irregul>1 & ,defective4 ,to ^! divisions we beg to add ano!r2 ,v]bs ,comic4 ,a ,v]b ,active implies an ag5t1 & an object act$ ^u2 z1 to love2 8,i love ,wilhelm9a ,/ubbs40 ,"h1 ,i am ! ag5t2 t is1 ! lov]2 & ,wilhelm9a ,/ubbs is ! object act$ ^u1 or ! belov$ object4 ,a ,v]b ,passive expresses ! suff]+1 feel+1 or und]go+ ( some?+2 & !re=e implies an object act$ ^u1 & an ag5t by :i* x is act$ ^u2 z1 to be lov$2 8,wilhelm9a ,/ubbs is lov$ by me40 ,a ,v]b ,neut] expresses nei!r action nor passion1 b a /ate ( be+2 z1 ,i b\nce1 ,i lie4 ,illu/ration3 8,fact1 ,madam60 8,graci\s1 ,major60 ,( ,v]bs ,regul>1 ,irregul>1 & ,defective1 we %all h some:at to say h]eaft]4 ,v]bs ,comic are1 = ! mo/ "p1 v]bs :i* _c be f\nd 9 ! diction>y1 & are us$ to express ord9>y actions 9 a jocul> mann]2 z1 to 8morris10 to 8bolt10 to 8mizzle10 :i* signify to g or to dep>t2 to 8bone10 to 8prig10 t is to say1 to /eal2 to 8coll>10 :i* means to seize1 an expression probably d]iv$ f ! mode ( preh5sion1 or r appreh5sion *>act]i/ic ( ! ,new ,police1 z x is "o v mu* 9 ! m\?s ( ^? :o mo/ frequ5tly come 9 contact ) t body3 to 8lu%10 or dr9k2 to 8grub10 or eat2 to 8sell10 or deceive1 c4 ,"u ! head ( ,v]bs ,comic1 ! ,yankee-isms1 ,i 8calculate10 ,i 8reckon10 ,i 8realise10 ,i 8guess10 & ! l1 may also be prop]ly enum]at$4 ,auxili>y1 or help+ ,v]bs 7by ! way1 we m>vel t ! ,am]icans d n call _! s]vants auxili>ies in/ead ( helps17 are ^?1 by ! help ( :i* we are *iefly enabl$ to conjugate our v]bs 9 ,engli%4 ,!y are1 d1 be1 h1 %all1 w1 may1 c1 ) _! v>iations2 & let & mu/1 :i* h no v>iation4 ,let1 h[ev]1 :5 x is any?+ b a help+ v]b1 z1 = in/ance1 :5 x signifies to h9d]1 makes lette/ & lette?4 ,! phrase1 8,?is ,h\se to ,let10 g5]ally us$ in/ead ( 8to be let10 really mean+ ! rev]se ( :at x is int5d$ to convey1 is a piece ( comic ,engli%4 ,to v]bs belong ,numb]1 ,p]son1 ,mood1 & ,t5se4 ,^! may be call$ ! prop]ties ( a v]b2 & l ^? ( opium1 !y are soporif]\s prop]ties4 ,!re are two v important objects :i* ! writ] ( e book has1 or ought to h 9 view1 to get a read] :o is wide awake1 & to keep him s3--! latt] ( :i*1 :5 ,numb]1 ,p]son1 ,mood1 & ,t5se are to be treat$ (1 is no su* easy matt]2 see+ t ! said writ] is !n 9 "s dang] ( go+ to sleep himself4 ,nev] m9d4 ,if we nod1 let ! read] w9k4 ,:at c't be cur$ mu/ be endur$4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,,( ,,numb] ,,& ,,p]son4 ,v]bs h two numb]s1 ! ,s+ul> & ! ,plural2 z1 8,i fiddle1 we fiddle10 c4 ,9 ea* numb] !re are ?ree p]sons2 z ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 ,fir/ ,p]son ,i love ,we love4 ,second ,p]son ,?\ love/ ,ye or y love4 ,?ird ,p]son ,he loves ,!y love4 ,:at a deal !re is 9 e ,gramm> ab\t love6 ,"h ! foll[+ ,l9es1 by a ,"y ,lady 7n[ no m71 address$ to ,l9dley ,murray1 des]ve to be record$3-- 8,oh1 ,murray6 fatal "n to me1 ,?y burn+ page ) te>s is wet2 ,s9ce fir/ #8to love' ,i le>n$ ( !e1 ,tea* me1 ah6 tea* me #8to =get6'0 ,,section ,,iii4 ,,( ,,moods ,,& ,,p>ticiples4 ,mood or ,mode is a p>ticul> =m ( ! v]b1 or a c]ta9 v>iation :i* x und]goes1 %[+ ! mann] 9 :i* ! be+1 action1 or passion1 is repres5t$4 ,! moods ( v]bs are five1 ! ,indicative1 ! ,imp]ative1 ! ,pot5tial1 ! ,subjunctive1 & ! ,inf9itive4 ,! ,indicative ,mood simply po9ts out or decl>es a ?+3 z1 8,he tea*es1 he is taught20 or x asks a "q3 z1 8,does he tea*8 ,is he taught80 ,q4 ,:y is old age ! be/ tea*]8 ,a4 ,because he gives y ! mo/ wr9kles4 ,q4 ,:y does a rope support a rope-danc]8 ,a4 ,because x is taught4 ,! ,imp]ative ,mood comm&s1 exhorts1 entreats1 or p]mits3 z1 8,vani% ?\2 trot ye2 let u hop2 be (f60 ,! ,pot5tial ,mood implies possibility or lib]ty1 p[]1 w1 or obligation3 z1 8,a wait] may be hone/4 ,y may /& ^u tru? or lie4 ,i c fil*4 ,he w\ld coz54 ,!y %\ld le>n40 ,! ,subjunctive ,mood is us$ to repres5t a ?+ z done conditionally2 & is prec$$ by a conjunction1 express$ or und]/ood1 & accompani$ by ano!r v]b3 z1 8,if ! skies %\ld fall1 l>ks w\ld be caught40 8,7 ,i to pun* y\r head1 ,i %\ld s]ve y "r20 t is1 8if ,i 7 to pun* y\r head40 ,! ,inf9itive ,mood expresses a ?+ g5]ally1 )\t limitation1 & )\t any di/9ction ( numb] or p]son3 z1 8to qu>rel1 to fight1 to be lick$40 ,! ,p>ticiple is a peculi> =m ( ! v]b1 & is s call$1 because x p>ticipates 9 ! prop]ties bo? ( a v]b & ( an adjective3 z1 8,may ,i h ! pleasure ( danc+ ) y80 8,m\nt$ on a tub he address$ ! by/&]s40 8,hav+ uplift$ a /ave1 !y dep>t$40 ,! ,p>ticiples are ?ree2 ! ,pres5t or ,active1 ! ,p]fect or ,passive1 & ! ,comp\nd ,p]fect3 z1 8,i felt n]v\s at ! ?\ght ( popp+ ! "q1 b t once popp$1 ,i 0 n sorry = hav+ popp$ x40 ,! wor/ ( popp+ ! "q is1 t ! report is always sure to get abroad4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,,( ,,! ,,t5ses4 ,t5se is ! di/9ction ( "t1 & consi/s ( six divisions1 namely1 ! ,pres5t1 ! ,imp]fect1 ! ,p]fect1 ! ,plup]fect1 & ! ,fir/ & ,second ,future ,t5ses4 ,"t is also di/+ui%$ by a =e lock1 scy!1 & h\r-glass2 b ! y\?ful read] mu/ be> 9 m9d1 t ^! ?+s are n to be conf\nd$ ) t5ses4 ,! ,pres5t ,t5se1 z its "n implies1 repres5ts an action or ev5t occurr+ at ! pres5t "t3 z1 8,i lam5t2 rogues prosp]2 ! mob rules40 ,! ,imp]fect ,t5se repres5ts a pa/ action or ev5t1 b :i*1 l a mutton *op1 may be ei!r ?or\ghly done1 or n ?or\ghly done2 7 x meet1 we %\ld say "u-done3 z1 8,:5 ,i 0 a little boy "s fifte5 ye>s ago1 ,my mammy dot$ on me--,lork6 %e made me q a %[40 8,:5 our report] left1 ! ,hon\rable ,g5tleman 0 /ill on 8 legs40 ,! legs ( mo/ 8,hon\rable ,g5tlem50 mu/ be tol]ably /\t ones2 = ! 8majority0 d n /& on trifles4 ,h[ev]1 we are n go+ to commit ourselves1 l "s folks1 nor to get committ$1 l o!r folks2 s we w leave 8,hon\rable ,g5tlem50 to manage matt]s _! own way4 ,! ,p]fect ,t5se decl>es a ?+ to h be5 done at "s "t1 ?\gh an indef9ite "o1 antec$5t to ! pres5t "t4 ,t1 h[ev]1 :i* ! ,p]fect ,t5se repres5ts z done1 is completely1 or1 z we say ( ,john ,bull1 :5 he is humbugg$ by ! ?imble-rig p1 regul>ly done2 z1 8,i h be5 out on ! riv]40 8,i h caught a crab40 ,cat*+ a crab is a ?+ regul>ly 79 ano!r s5se ?an completely7 done1 :5 civic swa9s pull "y ladies up to ,ri*mond4 ,we beg to in=m p]sons unacqua9t$ ) aquatic phraseology1 t 8pull+ up0 "y ladies1 or o!rs1 is a v diff]5t ?+ f 8pull+ up0 an omnibus conductor or a cabman4 ,:at an equivocal language is ours6 ,h[ mu* less agreeable to be 8pull$ up0 at ,b[ ,/reet ?an to be 8pull$ up0 9 a :]ry6 h[ wide ! discrepancy betwe5 8pull+ up0 radi%es & 8pull+ up0 horses6 ,! ,plup]fect ,t5se repres5ts a ?+ z d\bly pa/2 t is1 z pa/ previ\sly to "s o!r po9t ( "t also pa/2 z1 8,i fell 9 love be=e ,i _h arriv$ at ye>s ( discretion40 ,illu/ration ,! ,fir/ ,future ,t5se repres5ts ! action z yet to come1 ei!r at a c]ta9 or an unc]ta9 "t2 z1 8,! tailor w s5d my coat home to-morr[2 & :5 ,i f9d x p]fectly conv5i5t1 ,i %all pay him40 ,! ,second ,future intimates t ! action w be complet$ at or be=e ! "t ( ano!r future action or ev5t2 z1 8,i wond] h[ _m conque/s ,i %all h made by to-morr[ morn+40 ,n4,b4 ,"o ball is (t5 ! means ( kill+ a great _m p4 ,! consid]ation ( ! t5ses sugge/s v>i\s moral reflections to ! ?9k+ m9d4 ,a few examples w p]haps suffice3-- #a4 ,pres5t1 ?\gh mod]ate fruition1 is pref]able to spl5did1 b cont+5t futurity2 i4 e4 ,a bird 9 ! h& is wor? two 9 ! bu%4 #b4 ,imp]fect nutrition is less to be deprecat$ ?an privation ( alim5t2--a new way ( putt+ an old prov]b1 :i* we ne$ n aga9 ins]t1 respect+ half a loaf4 #c4 ,p]fect callidity 0 ! di/+ui%+ attribute ( ! ,curv$ ,p$e/rian4 ,callidity is ano!r ^w = craft9ess2 b = ! ex]cise ( ! read]'s +5uity1 we =be> to m5tion ! p]son allud$ to z s rem>kable = 8 a/uti\s qualities4 ,q4 ,:at species ( writ+ is mo/ conducive to morality8 ,a4 ,text-h&4 ,,section ,v4 ,,! ,,conjugation ,,( ,,! ,,auxili>y ,,v]bs ,,to ,,h ,,& ,,to ,,be4 ,we h obs]v$ t boys1 9 conjugat+ v]bs1 give no indications ( delight1 except t :i* an +5u\s disposition always feels 9 ! acquisition ( k4 ,n[1 hav+ arriv$ at t "p ( ! ,gramm> 9 :i* x becomes necess>y t ^! same v]bs %\ld be consid]$1 we feel ourselves 9 an awkw>d dilemma4 ,! omission ( ! conjugations is a s]i\s omission--:i*1 ( c\rse1 is objectionable 9 a comic "w--& ! ins]tion ( !m w\ld be equally s]i\s1 & !re=e q z improp]4 ,:at %all we d8 ,we w adopt a middle c\rse2 ref]r+ ! read] to ,murray & o!r tal5t$ au?ors = full in=mation on ^! matt]s2 & reque/+ him to be cont5t ) our conf9+ ourselves to :at is m especially suitable to ^! pages--a %ort summ>y ( ! ,comicalities ( v]bs4 ,! ,conjugation ( a v]b is ! comb9ation & arrangem5t ( its numb]s1 p]sons1 moods1 & t5ses4 ,! ,comicalities ( v]bs consi/ 9 c]ta9 lib]ties tak5 ) _! numb]s1 p]sons1 moods1 & t5ses4 ,! ,conjugation ( an active v]b is call$ ! ,active ,voice1 & t ( a passive ,v]b ! ,passive ,voice4 ,if v]bs h voices1 x is b reasonable t walls %\ld h e>s4 ,! auxili>y & active v]b ,to ,h is ?us peculi>ly conjugat$ by "s p 9 "s ( its moods & t5ses4 ,,to ,,h4 ,,indicative ,,mood4 ,,pres5t ,,t5se4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,p]s4 ,i has4 #a4 ,p]s4 ,we has4 #b4 ,!e'/4 #b4 ,ye or y has4 #c4 ,he've4 #c4 ,!y has4 ,,p]fect ,,t5se4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,i'ze _h4 #a4 ,we'ze _h4 #b4 ,!e'/ _h4 #b4 ,ye or y'ze _h4 #c4 ,he've _h4 #c4 ,!y'ze _h4 ,,fir/ ,,future ,,t5se4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,i %oll or ool ha'4 #a4 ,we %ool or ool ha'4 #b4 ,!e %at or oot ha'4 #b4 ,ye or y %oll or ool ha'4 #c4 ,he %oll or ool ha'4 #c4 ,!y %oll or ool ha'4 ,,imp]ative ,,mood4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,let me ha'4 #a4 ,let's ha'4 #b4 ,ha'1 or ha ?\1 or d #b4 ,ha1 or ha ye1 or d ye1 !e ha'4 or y ha'4 #c4 ,let un ha'4 #c4 ,let um ha'4 ,,pot5tial ,,mood4 ,,pres5t ,,t5se4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,i m$ or c ha'4 #a4 ,we m$ or c ha'4 #b4 ,!e m$/ or can/ ha'4 #b4 ,ye or y m$ or c ha'4 #c4 ,he m$ or c ha'4 #c4 ,!y m$ or c ha'4 ,,subjunctive ,,mood4 ,,pres5t ,,t5se4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,if ,i has4 #a4 ,if we has4 #b4 ,if !e ha/ #b4 ,if ye or y has4 #c4 ,if he ha'4 #c4 ,if !y has4 ,,inf9itive ,,mood4 ,pres5t1 ,to ha'4 ,p]fect1 ,to a _h4 ,,p>ticiples4 ,pres5t or ,active1 ,havun or ,avun4 ,p]fect1 ',ad4 ,comp\nd ,p]fect1 ,havun 'ad4 ,! auxili>y & neut] v]b ,to ,be1 is maltreat$ z foll[s3 ,,to ,,be4 7,toby or n ,toby8--t is ! "q67 ,,indicative ,,mood4 ,,pres5t ,,t5se4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,i be4 #a4 ,we be4 #b4 ,!e bi/4 #b4 ,ye or y be4 #c4 ,he1 %e or x am4 #c4 ,!y be or am4 ,,imp]fect ,,t5se4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,i wor1 or wus4 #a4 ,we wus4 #b4 ,!e wort4 #b4 ,ye or y wus4 #c4 ,he wur4 #c4 ,!y wur4 8,:5 ,i say z y 01 ,i mean1 z y 740 ,,p]fect ,,t5se4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,i've a b94 #a4 ,we've a b94 #b4 ,!e'/ a b94 #b4 ,ye or y've a b94 #c4 ,he've a b94 #c4 ,!y've a b94 ,,imp]ative ,,mood4 ,,s+ul>4 ,,plural4 #a4 ,let ,i be4 #a4 ,let we be4 #b4 ,be !e or '/ !e be4 #b4 ,d 'ee be4 #c4 ,let un be4 #c4 ,let um be4 ,,inf9itive ,,mood4 ,pres5t ,t5se1 ,= to be4 ,p]fect1 ,= to ha' b94 ,,p>ticiples4 ,pres5t1 ,beun4 ,p]fect1 ,b94 ,comp\nd ,p]fect1 ,havun b94 ,if be+ a y\n/]1 ,i _h n be5 smitt51 ,( hav+ be5 jilt$ ,i %\ld n compla91 ,take w>n+ f me all ye lads :o are bitt51 ,:5 ?is "p ( ,gramm> occurs to y\r bra94 ,z !re is a c]ta9 int5sity ( feel+ abroad1 :i* r5d]s p indispos$ to tr\ble !mselves ) v]bal matt]s1 we %all take ! lib]ty ( mak+ v %ort "w ( ! ,regul> ,v]bs4 ,ev5 ,murray c only af=d to conjugate "o example1--,to ,love4 ,! le>n] mu/ amplify ?is "p ( ! ,gramm> = himself3 & we recomm5d him to sub/itute = 8to love10 "s ^w less h>r[+ to a s5sitive m9d3 z1 8to fleece1 to tax10 v]bs :i* excite disagreeable emotions only 9 a sordid "o2 & :i* also1 by association ( ideas1 conduct u to useful reflections on ,political ,economy4 ,we advise all :om x may conc]n1 h[ev]1 to pay ! greate/ att5tion to ?is "p ( ! ,gramm>1 & be=e !y come to ! ,v]bs ,regul>1 to make a p>ticul> /udy ( ! ,auxili>y ,v]bs3 n only = ! excell5t reasons set =? 9 8,tri/ram ,%&y10 b also to avoid ^? awkw>d mi/akes 9 :i* ! ,comicalities ( ! ,v]bs1 or ,v]bal ,comicalities1 *iefly consi/4 8,did x ra9 to-morr[80 ask$ ,monsieur ,gr5\ille4 8,yes x 060 repli$ ,monsieur ,crapaud4 ,we propose ! foll[+ z an auxili>y mode ( conjugat+ v]bs3--8,i love to roam on ! cre/$ foam1 ,?\ love/ to roam on ! cre/$ foam1 ,he loves to roam on ! cre/$ foam1 ,we love to roam on ! cre/$ foam1 ,ye or y love to roam on ! cre/$ foam1 ,!y love to roam on ! cre/$ foam10 c4 ,^! words1 if set to music1 might s]ve = a grammatical glee1 & w\ld1 at all ev5ts1 be productive ( mir?4 ,illu/ration ,! ,auxili>y ,v]bs1 too1 are v useful :5 a peculi> emphasis is requir$3 z1 8,i %all give y a drubb+60 8,w y80 8,i "k a trick wor? two ( t40 8,d y1 ?\gh80 8,x might10 z ! ,quak] said to ! ,yankee1 :o want$ to "k :at 8 "n might be2 8x might be ,beelzebub1 b x is n40 ,n[ we may z well say :at we h to say ab\t ! conjugation ( regul> v]bs active4 ,,section ,,vi4 ,,! ,,conjugation ,,( ,,regul> ,,v]bs ,,active4 ,regul> ,v]bs ,active are kn[n by _! =m+ _! imp]fect t5se ( ! indicative mood1 & _! p]fect p>ticiple1 by add+ to ! v]b ed1 or d only :5 ! v]b ends 9 e3 z1 ,,pres5t4 ,,imp]fect4 ,,p]f4 ,,p>ticip4 ,i reckon4 ,i reckon$4 ,reckon$4 ,i realise4 ,i realis$4 ,realis$4 ,"h %\ld foll[ ! conjugation ( ! regul> active v]b1 or1 z a ,cockney ,romeo w\ld say1 ! regul> tortur+ v]b1 ,to ,love2 b we h already assign$ a good reason = omitt+ x2 besides :i* we h to say1 t we ?9k x a v]b highly unfit = conjugation by y\?1 z x t5ds to put ideas into _! heads :i* !y w\ld o!rwise nev] h ?\ght (2 & x is moreov] our op9ion1 t sev]al ( our mo/ gift$ poets may1 ) reason1 h attribut$ ^? un=tunate atta*m5ts :i*1 ?\gh =m$ 9 e>ly y\?1 s]v$ to embitt] _! :ole lives1 to ! poison :i* !y ?us suck$ 9 ) ! milk1 s to speak1 ( _! ,"m ,tongue1 ! ,gramm>4 ,,passive4 ,v]bs ,passive are said to be regul>1 :5 _! p]fect p>ticiple is =m$ by ! addition ( d1 or ed to ! v]b3 z1 f ! v]b 8,to bless10 is =m$ ! passive1 8,i am bless$1 ,i 0 bless$1 ,i %all be bless$10 c4 ,! conjugation ( a passive v]b is no?+ m ?an ! repetition ( t ( ! auxili>y ,to ,be1 ! p]fect p>ticiple be+ add$4 ,& n[1 hav+ cut ! regul> v]bs 7z ,alex&] did ! ,gordian knot7 in/ead ( conjugat+ !m1 let u proce$ to consid] ! ,,irregul> ,,v]bs4 ,,section ,,vii4 ,irregul> ,v]bs are ^? ( :i* ! imp]fect t5se & ! p]fect p>ticiple are n =m$ by add+ d or ed to ! v]b3 z1 ,,pres5t4 ,,imp]fect4 ,,p]fect ,,"p4 ,i bl[4 ,i blew4 bl[n4 ,to say ,i am bl[n1 is1 "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 su* z w9dy & tempe/u\s wea!r1 prop] en\gh2 b ,i am bl[$1 x w at once be p]ceiv$1 is n only an ungrammatical1 b also a vulg> expression4 ,great lib]ties are tak5 ) ! ,irregul> ,v]bs1 insomu* t 9 ! m\?s ( "s p]sons1 div]s ( !m become d\bly irregul> 9 ! =mation ( _! p>ticiples4 ,among su* ,irregul> ,v]bs we may enum]ate ! foll[+3-- ,,pres5t4 ,,imp]fect4 ,,p]f4 ,,or ,,pass4 ,,"p4 ,am wur b94 ,beat bet or bate bate4 ,bur/ bu/ bu/$4 ,cat* cot* cot*$ ,come kim com$4 ,creep crup crup4 ,drive druv driv4 ,freeze friz froze4 ,give guv giv4 ,g go$ w5t4 ,rise riz rose4 ,see sid s91 c4 ,"s v]bs :i* 9 ?is c\ntry are held to be regul>1 are treat$ z irregul> v]bs 9 ,am]ica3 z1 ,,pres5t4 ,,imp]fect4 ,,p]f4 ,,or ,,pass4 ,,"p4 ,r[ rew r[n4 ,sn[ snew sn[n4 ,,section ,,viii4 ,,( ,,defective ,,v]bs4 ,mo/ m5 h five s5ses1 ,mo/ v]bs h six t5ses2 ,b z !re are "s folks ,:o are bl9d1 deaf1 or dumb folks1 ,j s !re are "s v]bs ,defective1 or rum v]bs1 :i* are us$ only 9 "s ( _! moods & t5ses4 ,! pr9cipal ( !m are ^!3-- ,,imp]f4 ,,p]f4 ,,or ,,pass4 ,,"p4 ,c c\ld nix4 ,may might -- ,%all %\ld -- ,w w\ld -- ,mu/ mu/ -- ,ought ought -- -- quo? -- ,!re is n1 p]haps1 any?+ 9 ! defective v]bs peculi>ly valuable 9 a comic po9t ( view4 ,h[ev]1 x %\ld n be =gott51 t ,c is "o ( ! signs ( ! ,,pot-ential ,mood2 ,w1 ,w\ld rem9ds u ( ! ,drapi]'s ,lett]s4 8,mu/0 is = ! ,h\se ( ,commons 7x us$ to be = ! ,k+74 ,ought1 ought1 ) #a be=e x1 /&s1 79 s*oolboy phrase7 = #ajj4 ',tis naught1 s to speak1 h[ev]1 says ,murray4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,( ,,adv]bs4 ,hav+ z great a dislike z ! y\nge/ ( our read]s c h to repetitions1 we %all n say :at an adv]b is ov] aga94 ,x is1 nev]!less1 "r to obs]ve1 t "s adv]bs are comp>$3 z1 f>1 f>!r1 f>!/2 ne>1 ne>]1 ne>e/4 ,9 comp>+ ^? :i* end 9 ly1 we use m & mo/3 z1 sl[ly1 m sl[ly1 mo/ sl[ly4 ,q4 ,:o1 ( all ! civic function>ies1 moves 8mo/ sl[ly80 ,a4 ,mr4 ,hobl]4 ,!re are a great _m adv]bs 9 ! ,engli% ,language3 _! numb] is probably ev5 great] ?an t ( abusive epi!ts4 ,!y are divisible into c]ta9 classes2 ! *ief ( :i* are ,numb]1 ,ord]1 ,place1 ,"t1 ,quantity1 ,mann] or ,quality1 ,d\bt1 ,affirmation1 ,negation1 ,int]rogation1 & ,comp>ison4 ,a nice little li/1 truly6 & p]haps "s ( our read]s may suppose t we are go+ to exemplify x at l5g?3 if s1 all we c say ) reg>d to _! expectation is1 t we wi% !y may get x gratifi$4 ,9 ! meantime1 we w n turn our ,gramm> into a diction>y1 to please anybody4 ,h[ev]1 we h no objection to a brief illu/ration ( ! uses & prop]ties ( adv]bs1 z conta9$ 9 ! foll[+ passage3-- 8,=m]ly1 :5 fir/ ,i began to prea* & to tea*1 :i!rsoev] ,i w5t1 ! little boys foll[$ me1 & n[ & !n pelt$ me ) brick-bats1 z h]et(ore !y pelt$ ,eb5ez] ,grimes4 ,& :5soev] ,i op5$ my m\?1 /raightways ! ungodly began to cr[4 ,(t5times 0 ,i hit 9 ! m\? ) an orange3 yea1 & once1 moreov]1 ) a rott5 egg2 :]eat !re 0 mu* laught]1 :i*1 not)/&+1 ,i took 9 good "p1 & wip$ my face1 & look$ pleasantly4 ,= p]adv5ture ,i said1 !y w li/5 to my s]mon2 yea1 & aft] t we may h a collection4 ,s ,i 0 n[ise discomfit$2 :]e=e ,i advise !e1 ,bro!r ,habakkuk1 to take no he$ ( ?y p]secutors1 see+ t ,i1 :]eas ,i 0 once little bett] (f ?an ?yself1 h n[ a *apel ( m9e own4 ,& h]e9 let ?y m9d be com=t$1 t1 prea* z mu* z ?\ wilt aga9/ ! ,bi%op1 ?\ wilt n1 !re=e1 9 ^! days1 be 9 dang] ( ! pillory4 ,h[beit10 c4 ,vide ,life ( ! late pi\s & ,rev4 ,samuel ,simcox 7lett] to ,habbakuk ,br[n74 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,( ,,prepositions4 ,prepositions are1 = ! mo/ "p1 put be=e n\ns & pron\ns3 z1 8out ( ! fry+-pan into ! fire40 ,two prepositions1 ) & )\t1 are sometimes 7z we h be5 in=m$7 us$ 9 ! place ( sub/antives3 z1 8cold )\t1 w>m )40 ,! preposition ( is sometimes us$ z a "p ( spee* ( peculi> signification1 & "o to :i* no "n has z yet be5 appli$3 z1 8,:at h y be5 do+ (80 ,at & up are n r>ely us$ z v]bs1 b we %\ld sc>cely h be5 ju/ifi$ 9 s class+ !m by ! au?ority ( any polite writ]2 su* use ( !m be+ conf9$ to ! vulg>3 z1 8,n[ !n1 ,bill1 at him aga940 8,s %e upp$ ) h] fi/s1 & fet*$ him a :op40 ,aft] is improp]ly pron\nc$ art]1 & aga9/1 ag93 z1 8,hallo6 ,jim1 vot are y art]8 don't y "k t ere's ag9 ! ,law80 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,( ,,conjunctions4 ,a ,conjunction means lit]ally1 a union or meet+ toge!r4 ,an ill-assort$ m>riage is ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,comical ,,conjunction4 ,b our conjunctions are us$ to connect words & s5t5ces1 & h no?+ to d ) ! jo9+ ( h&s4 ,!y are *iefly ( two sorts1 ! ,copulative & ,disjunctive4 ,! ,copulative ,conjunction is employ$ = ! connection or cont9uation ( a s5t5ce3 z1 8,jack & ,gill w5t up ! ,hill10 8,i w s+ a song if ,gubb9s w10 8,a ?ir/y man is l a ,city ,giant1 because he is a ,gog = dr9k40 ,! ,conjunction ,disjunctive is us$ n only = purposes ( connection1 b also to express opposition ( mean+ 9 diff]5t degrees3 z1 8,?\gh ,"l ,john is z cunn+ z a ,fox1 yet ,sir ,rob]t is z deep z a ,pitt40 8,we pay less = our lett]s1 b %all h to pay m = our panes3 !y h light5$ our po/age1 b !y w d>k5 our rooms40 ,conjunctions are ! hooks & eyes ( ,language1 9 :i*1 z well z 9 dress1 x is v possible to make an awkw>d use ( !m3 z1 8,= if ! ye> consi/ ( #cfe days #f h\rs1 & ,janu>y h #ca days1 !n ! relation betwe5 ! corpuscul> !ory ( light & ! new views ( ,mr4 ,ow5 is at once subv]t$3 =1 #8,:5 ,ignorance is bliss1 'tis folly to be wise3' because #agfj y>ds make a mile2 & x is univ]sally ackn[l$g$ t #8w> is ! madness ( _m = ! ga9 ( a few3' !re=e ,sir ,isaac ,newton 0 q "r 9 suppos+ ! diamond to be combu/ible40 ,! ^w z1 s (t5 us$ 9 ?is & o!r ,gramm>s1 is a conjunction3 z1 8,mrs4 ,a4 is z well z c be expect$40 ,illu/ration ,! ,siamese tw9s =m$ a s+ul> conjunction4 ,a t9 pot fa/5$ to a dog's tail is a disagreeable conjunction to ! un=tunate animal4 ,a happy pair may be reg>d$ z an uncommon conjunction4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,int]jections4 ,we h said almo/ en\gh ab\t _! ,etymology already4 ,/ill1 x may n be sup]flu\s to be/[ a pass+ notice on ! s+ul>ly expressive "* ( c]ta9 ( ^! p>ts ( spee*1 he>d1 x is true1 repeat$ly2 b unacc\ntably omitt$ 9 all previ\s ,gramm>s4 ,= in/ance1 h[ _m lives does ! w>n+1 8,hoy60 ( ! coa*man or cab-driv] daily save8 ,:at an am\nt ( infantile ab]rations f propriety is ! admonitory 8,paw-paw60 ! means ( *eck+4 ,) :at felicity is acquiesc5ce d5ot$ by 8,umph60 ,! utility ( ! ,int]jections on v>i\s occasions1 su* z our meals1 = example1 9 enabl+ u to economise our spee*1 is v /rik+4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,( ,,d]ivation4 ,^? :o "k ,lat91 ,greek1 ,saxon1 & ! o!r languages f :i* our own is =m$1 d n require to be in/ruct$ 9 philological d]ivation2 & on ^? :o d n und]/& ! said tongues1 su* in/ruction w\ld be ?r[n away4 ,9 :at mann] ,engli% words are d]iv$1 "o f ano!r1 ! g5]ality ( p]sons "k v well3 !re are1 h[ev]1 a few words & phrases1 :i* x is exp$i5t to trace to _! respective s\rces2 n only because su* an ex]cise is ( itself delightful to ! inquir+ m9d2 b because we %all !reby be furni%$ 7z we hope to %[7 ) a te/ by means ( :i*1 on he>+ an expression = ! fir/ "t1 we %all be able1 9 mo/ in/ances1 to decide at once respect+ its nature & quality4 ,!re are sev]al words 9 ! ,engli% ,language :i* 7 orig9ally ,t]ms ( ,art1 b came 9 process ( "t to be appli$ metaphorically to ! common purposes ( disc\rse4 ,?us lodg+s are sometimes call$ qu>t]s2 a ^w :i*1 9 its re/rict$ s5se1 signifies ! lodg+s ( soldi]s2 ill habits1 l diseases1 are said to be rem$i$2 m5 hope1 z if indict$ = an (f5ce1 t ladies w acquit !m ( inatt5tion1 & s =?4 ,:51 z 9 ! in/ances cit$1 ! ^w or phrase c be trac$ back ei!r to "o ( ! ,le>n$ ,pr(essions1 or to any s\rce sav\r+ ( g5tility1 x is e/eem$ a prop] "o1 & !re is no objection to its use4 ,n[ we h div]s o!r words1 ( :i* _m h b rec5tly come into vogue1 :i*1 ?\gh by no means improp] or immoral1 are absolutely unutt]able 9 any polite assembly4 ,x is n1 at fir/1 v easy to see :at c be ! objection to _! use2 b d]ivation expla9s x = u 9 ! mo/ satisfactory mann]4 ,! tru? is1 t ! expressions 9 "q take _! orig9 f v>i\s trades & occupations1 9 :i* !y h1 = ! mo/ "p1 a lit]al mean+2 & we n[ p]ceive :at horrible suspicions respect+ "o's bir?1 habits1 & education1 _! figurative employm5t w\ld be likely to excite4 ,to make ! matt] indisputably cle>1 we w expla9 our position by a few examples4 ,,words ,,& ,,phrases4 ,,:at ,,d]iv$ ,,f4 ,bone 7to /eal71 ,but*]s4 ,*isel 7to *eat71 ,c>p5t]s4 ,cl\t 7to beat71 ,scullions4 ,to cut x fat1 ,cooks4 ,to come x /rong1 ,publicans4 ,to draw x mild1 ,ditto4 ,to drop (f ! hooks1 ,but*]s4 ,to miss y\r tip1 ,footm54 ,to be done1 ,cooks4 ,to be done br[n1 ,ditto4 ,to coll> 7to seize71 ,?ieves or policem54 ,to be walk$ (f1 ,ditto4 ,a sell1 ,jews4 ,a %9e1 ,%oe-boys4 ,a wipe 7a h&k]*ief71 ,blackgu>ds 9 g5]al1 f its use4 ,a mawley 7a h&71 ,prizefight]s4 ,to welt 7to beat71 ,cobbl]s4 ,to lea!r 7ditto71 ,ditto4 ,to /rap 7ditto71 ,ditto4 ,to hide 7ditto71 ,curri]s4 ,spicy 7%[y71 ,groc]s4 ,to hang out 7to dwell71 ,publicans4 ,a drag 7c>riage71 ,/age-coa*m54 ,swamp$ 7ru9$71 ,wat]m54 ,to put "o's o> 9 7to int]f]e71 ,wat]m54 ,get on ) y\r b>r[1 ,dogs'-meat-m54 ,kidd]m9/] 7= c>pet71 ,uphol/]]s4 ,mahogany 7= table71 ,ditto4 ,dodge 7trick71 ,pickpockets4 7,n4,b4 ,all ^? are oblig$ to h rec\rse to ! dodge1 :o are 9 ! habit ( outrunn+ ! con/able47 ,b1 to proce$ ) our ,etymology3 ,to bung up an eye1 ,brew]s4 ,to *alk d[n1 ,publicans4 ,a close %av] 7a mis]71 ,b>b]s4 ,to be (f y\r fe$1 ,o/l]s4 ,hold h>d 7/op71 ,omnibus-m54 ,num]\s examples1 simil> to ! =ego+1 w1 no d\bt1 pres5t !mselves1 9 addition1 to ! m9d ( ! enlight5$ /ud5t4 ,we h n1 h[ev]1 q done yet ) our rem>ks on ?is division ( our subject4 ,! intr9sic vulg>ity ( all modes ( spee* :i* may be trac$ to mean or disreputable p]sons1 w1 ( c\rse1 n be que/ion$4 ,b--& z we h got hold ( a nice bone1 we may z well get all ! m>r[ we c out ( x--! pr9ciple :i* is n[ "u consid]ation has a mu* wid] range ?an is app>5t at fir/ sight4 ,n[ we w suppose a r$-hot lov] address+ ! goddess ( 8 idolatry--by ! way1 h[ /range x is1 t ^! goddesses %\ld be always hav+ _! temples on fire1 t a ,que5 ( ,he>ts %\ld ev] be seat$ on a burn+ ?rone6--b to return to ! lov]3 he 0 to say some?+4 ,well1 !n1 let ,a4 ,b4 be ! lov]4 ,he expresses himself ?us3-- 8,m>y1 my e>?ly hopes are c5tr$ 9 y4 ,y ne$ n d\bt me2 my he>t is true z ! dial to ! sun4 ,words _c express h[ mu* ,i love y4 ,nor is my affection an ord9>y feel+3 x is a m exalt$ & a m endur+ s5tim5t ?an t :i* usually be>s its "n4 ,i h done4 ,i am n eloqu5t3 ,i c say no m1 ?an t ,i deeply & s9c]ely love y40 ,?is1 p]haps1 w be reg>d$ by connoisseurs z tol]ably pa!tic1 & = ! k9d ( ?+ n v ridicul\s4 ,n[1 let ,a4 ,s4 ,s4 be ! lov]2 & let u h 8 v]sion ( ! same /ory3-- 8,m>y1 my capital 9 life is inve/$ 9 y4 ,y ne$ n /ick at giv+ me cr$it2 my he>t is z safe z ! ,bank ( ,engl&4 ,! sum total ( my love = y defies calculation4 ,nor is my atta*m5t any?+ 9 ! common way4 ,x is a sup]ior & m durable article ?an t 9 g5]al we>4 ,my /ock ( words is exhau/$4 ,i am no :olesale deal] 9 t l9e4 ,all ,i c say is1 t ,i h a va/ fund ( unadult]at$ affection = y40 ,9 ?is effusion ! ,/ock ,ex*ange1 ! ,multiplication ,table1 & ! ,l95drap]'s & ,groc]'s %ops h be5 drawn ^u = a clo?+ to ! suitor's ideas2 & by an unhappy *oice ( words1 ! mo/ delightful & amiable feel+s ( our nature1 )\t :i* ,life w\ld be a ,des]t & ,man a be>1 are inve/$ ) a ridicul\s disguise4 ,we w\ld will+ly enl>ge ^u ! topic :i* we h ?us slightly h&l$1 b t we feel t we %\ld by s do+1 intr5* too f> on ! b\nd>ies ( ,rhetoric1 to :i* sci5ce1 m p>ticul>ly ?an to ,gramm>1 ! consid]ation ( ,metaphor belongs2 besides :i*1 x is high "t to h done ) ,etymology4 ,"h1 !n1 g5tlem51 if y please1 we %all pull up4 8,pull up6 :at an expression60 8,well1 ,sir1 did y nev] he> t next to ! ,b> ! fir/ s*ool ( grammatical elegance is ! ,/age80 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,,syntax4 8,n[ !n1 read]1 if y are q ready1 we are--,all "r6 99 99 99 990 ,! a/]isks are int5d$ to /& = a ^w us$ 9 speak+ to horses4 ,don't blu%1 "y ladies2 !re's n a %ad[ ( h>m 9 x3 b z to spell+ x1 we are z unable to d s z ! o/l]'s boy 01 :o 0 ?ra%$ = 8 ignorance by 8 fa!r4 8,:]e are we n[1 coa*man80 ,,syntax4 8,! ?ird "p ( ,gramm>1 ,sir1 wot treats ( ! agreem5t & con/ruction ( words 9 a s5t5ce40 8,does a coa*man say wot = :i* because he has a lic5ce80 8,c't say1 ,ma'am80 8,drive on1 coa*man40 ,& we mu/ drive on1 or boil on1 or :atev] x is ! fa%ion to call gett+ on 9 ^! times4 ,a s5t5ce is an aggregate ( words =m+ a complete s5se4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 a s5t5ce is an aggregate ( words =m+ complete nons5se3 z1 8,!y are v civil & att5tive to ! smalle/ ord]1 & furni% a h\se entirely complete1 = tw5ty-sev5 gu9eas1 all new & well season$40--,adv]tisem5t 9 ! ,times4 ,s5t5ces are ( two k9ds1 simple & comp\nd4 ,a simple s5t5ce has 9 x b "o subject & "o f9ite v]b2 t is1 a v]b to :i* numb] & p]son belong3 z1 8,a joke is a joke40 ,a comp\nd s5t5ce consi/s ( two or m simple s5t5ces connect$ toge!r3 z1 8,a joke is a joke1 b a duck+ is no joke4 ,corpul5ce is ! attribute ( sw9e1 mayors1 & ox540 ,simple s5t5ces may be divid$ 7if we *oose to take ! tr\ble7 into ! ,explicative or expla9+2 ! ,int]rogative1 or ask+2 ! ,imp]ative1 or comm&+4 ,an explicative s5t5ce is1 9 o!r words1 a direct ass]tion3 z1 8,sir1 y are imp]t95t40--,johnson4 ,an int]rogative s5t5ce 8m]ely asks a "q30 z1 8,are y a policeman8 ,h['s y\r ,inspector80 ,illu/ration3 8,h['s y\r ,inspector80 ,an imp]ative s5t5ce is expressive ( comm&1 exhortation1 or entreaty3 z1 8,%\ld] arms60 8,turn out y\r toes60 8,*>ge bayonets60 ,a phrase is two or m words prop]ly put toge!r1 mak+ ei!r a s5t5ce or "p ( a s5t5ce3 z1 8,good morn+60 8,y\r mo/ ob$i5t60 ,"s phrases consi/ ( two or m words improp]ly put toge!r3 ^! are improp] phrases3 z1 8,n[ !n1 old /upid60 8,/& out ( ! sun%9e60 ,illu/ration3 8,:at a duck ( a man60 ,o!r phrases consi/ ( words put toge!r by ladies3 z1 8,a duck ( a man10 8,a love ( a %awl10 8s nice10 8q refre%+10 8sweetly pretty40 8,did y ev]80 8,no ,i nev]60 ,o!r phrases aga9 consi/ ( ,fr5* & ,engli% words put toge!r by p ( quality1 because _! k ( bo? languages is pretty ne>ly equal3 z1 8,i am au dsespoir10 8mis hors de combat10 8q ennuy10 or r 9 n9e cases out ( t51 8ennuye10--8,i h a great envie0 to d s & s4 ,^! con/itute an important v>iety ( comic ,engli%4 ,besides ! above1 !re are v>i\s phrases :i* we may call elliptical phrases1 consi/+ pr9cipally ( ! peculi> t]ms employ$ 9 ! diff]5t trades & pr(essions3 z1 8,a ,milton ,lo/10 by booksell]s4 8,a ,lady 7( ! ,lake7 9 %eets10 d4 8,"o college 7pudd+7 = ,no4 #f10 by wait]s4 8,to c>ry (f30 z1 8,see h[ ! old woman 9 a r$ cloak c>ries (f ! t[]10 by pa9t]s1 c4 ,! pr9cipal p>ts ( a simple s5t5ce are1 ! subject1 ! attribute1 & ! object4 ,if y want to "k :at subjects & objects are1 y %\ld g to ! ,morgue at ,p>is4 ,b 9 ,gramm>-- ,! subject is ! ?+ *iefly spok5 (2 ! attribute is t :i* is affirm$ or d5i$ ( x2 & ! object is ! ?+ affect$ by su* action4 ,! nom9ative d5otes ! subject1 & usually goes be=e ! v]b or attribute2 & ! ^w or phrase1 d5ot+ ! object1 foll[s ! v]b2 z1 8,! flirt torm5ts h] lov]40 ,"h1 a flirt is ! subject2 torm5ts1 ! attribute or ?+ affirm$2 & h] lov]1 ! object4 ,illu/ration ,yes1 & a pretty object he is too1 sometimes4 ,b !n we %all be told t he is n an object--( atta*m5t4 ,alas6 t is ! v reason :y he is an object--( compassion1 or ridicule1 accord+ to p's dispositions4 ,x may be also said t ! flirt h]self is a pretty object4 ,all we c say is1 t we nev] saw su* a flirt1 nor d we believe t we ev] %all4 ,to torm5t1 x seems1 is ! attribute ( ! flirt1 z x is t ( ! ----4 ,well6 no matt]4 ,mu* good may ! fell[%ip d h]3 t is all6 ,x /rikes u1 ?\gh1 t we are some:at digress+ f our subject1 namely ,syntax1 :i*1 ,pr9cipally consi/s ( two p>ts 7:i* ! flirt does n1 = %e is all body & no s\l7 ,concord & ,gov]nm5t4 ,concord is ! agreem5t :i* "o ^w has ) ano!r1 9 g5d]1 numb]1 case or p]son4 ,note4--,t a want ( agreem5t betwe5 words does n invalidate de$s4 ,we appreh5d t su* an engagem5t z ! foll[+1 prop]ly au!nticat$1 w\ld hold good 9 law4 ,i ose ,jon /ubs too ,p\n = valley resev$ an promis to pay ,him ,nex ,sattaday ,sign$ ,willum ,gibs is ,m>k ,m>* #ah1 #ahdj4 ,also t a fri5d ( ours1 to :om ! foll[+ bill 0 s5t1 c\ld n h refus$ to dis*>ge x on ! score ( its incorrect gramm>4 #ahce ,mr4 ---- ,j5]y #aj ,to ,j4 ,burton4 l4 s4 d4 ,rep>+ ( ,t[o ,tables ,muex ,/& #j #d #j ,ault]n ( #b ,bl9es ,t\lrol] #j #a #j ,botal jock braket set] jobs #j #d #j 7et cet]a7 ,newpot bo>d ,b>]s scirt9 c4 /apel #j #e #j ,locks to ,cub>d d[rs ,es+ d lay+ d[n fl\r clo? fit+ up #j #g #j ,top ( ,butt ,fix+ ,le!r to ,cut+ ( %et]s #j #d #j ,d[rs 9 p>lor 9 fir/ fl\r #a ,bl9 #b p> ( ,rol] ,end ,rack puleys fix+ ( c]t9 ,la?s 9 ,l>g9 #j #b #aj ( ole ( wa%+ /& #b holefass ,fix+ webb9 to ,/& & fix+ ,legs to wa%+ /ule #j #a #f ,fit+ up front ( ,du/b9 ,cubb>d on ,l&+ alt]n lock ( sel] d[r #j #b #j ------------ #a #aa #d ,gov]nm5t is t p[] :i* "o "p ( spee* has ov] ano!r1 9 direct+ its mood1 t5se1 or case4 ,gov]nm5t is also t p[]1 ( :i*1 if ! ,*>ti/s h _! way1 we %all soon see v little 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,hurrah6 ,no taxes6 ,no army6 ,no navy6 ,no p>sons6 ,no lawy]s6 ,no ,commons6 ,no ,lords6 ,no any?+6 ,no no?+6 ,to produce ! agreem5t & "r disposition ( words 9 a s5t5ce1 ! foll[+ rules 7& obs]vations87 %\ld be c>efully /udi$4 ,,rule ,i4 ,a v]b mu/ agree ) its nom9ative case 9 numb] & p]son3 z1 8,i p]ceive40 8,?\ ha/ be5 to ,brixton40 8,apes *att]40 8,fr5*m5 gabble40 ,c]ta9 lib]ties are sometimes tak5 ) ?is rule3 z1 8,i own ,i likes good be]40 8,y'm a f9e fell[1 a9t y]80 8,he've be5 to ! ,squire's40 ,su* modes ( speak+ are adopt$ by ^? :o nei!r "k nor c>e any?+ ab\t grammatical correctness3 b !re are o!r p]sons :o c>e a great deal ab\t x1 b un=tunately d n "k :at x consi/s 94 ,su* folks are v fond ( say+1 8,h[ x ra960 8,x fit y v well40 8,he say he ?9k x v unbecom+10 8,i 7 gone be=e y 0 come10 & s =?1 9 :i* =ms ( spee* !y p]ceive a peculi> elegance4 ,! inf9itive mood1 or "p ( a s5t5ce1 is sometimes us$ z ! nom9ative case to ! v]b3 z 8to be good is to be happy30 :i* is z grammatical an ass]tion z 8,toby ,good is ,toby ,happy20 & r surpasses x 9 respect ( s5se4 8,t two pipp9s are a pair1 is a proposition :i* no man 9 8 s5ses w d5y40 8,to be a connoisseur 9 boots1 ,to hate all rational pursuits1 ,to make y\r money fly1 z ?\gh ,gold w\ld z fa/ z mu%rooms gr[2 ,to haunt ! ,op]a1 save :5e'er ,!re's any?+ wor? he>+ !re2 ,to smirk1 to smile1 to b[1 to dance1 ,to talk ( :at !y eat 9 ,france1 ,to langui%1 simp]1 sue1 & sigh1 ,& /uff h] head ) flatt]y2 ,are means to ga9 t wor?less "p ,a fa%ionable lady's he>t40 ,"h are examples en\gh1 9 all consci5ce1 ( inf9itive moods s]v+ z nom9ative cases4 ,all v]bs1 save only 9 ! inf9itive mood or p>ticiple1 require a nom9ative case ei!r express$ or und]/ood3 z1 8,r[ ) me d[n ! riv]10 t is 8,r[ ?\1 or d ?\ r[40 8,come :]e ! asp5s quiv]10 8come ?\1 or d ?\ come40 8,fly n yet20 8fly n ?\1 or d n ?\ fly40 8,pass ! ruby20 8pass ?\1 or d ?\ pass ! ruby0 7n ! ,rubicon74 8,dr9k to me only20 8dr9k ?\1 or d ?\ dr9k only40 8,wake1 de>e/1 wake20 8wake ?\1 or d ?\ wake40 8,tell h] ,i love h]20 8tell ?\1 or d ?\ tell h] ,i love h]40 ,9 %ort1 y _c li/5 to a hawk] ( ballads1 cry+ 8 commodities ab\t ! /reets1 )\t he>+ illu/rations ( ! =ego+ rule4 8,move on60 ! well kn[n m&ate ( policem5 to ^? :o create ob/ructions1 is a v common exemplification ( x4 ,! nom9ative case is easily und]/ood 9 ! latt] in/ance2 & ! p]son address$1 if he pret5d t x is n1 does s at 8 own p]il4 ,a well kn[n popul> song af=ds an example ( ! violation ( ?is rule4 8,v5 z ! ,capta9 com$ = to he> on't1 ,w]y mu* applaud$ vot %e'd done40 ,illu/ration ,! v]b applaud$ has "h no nom9ative case1 :]eas x ought to h be5 gov]n$ by ! pron\n he4 8,he v mu* applaud$10 c4 ,e nom9ative case1 except :5 made absolute1 or us$1 l ! ,lat9 ,vocative1 9 address+ a p]son1 %\ld belong to "s v]b1 impli$ if n express$4 ,a beautiful example ( ?is grammatical maxim1 & "o1 too1 t expla9s itself1 is impress$ ^u ! m9d v soon aft] its fir/ introduction to lett]s3 z1 8,:o kill'd ,cock ,rob98 ,i1 said ! sp>r[1 ,) my b[ & arr[2 ,i kill'd ,cock ,rob940 ,( ! neglect ( ?is rule also1 ! ballad lately m5tion$ pres5ts an in/ance3 z1 8,f\r-&-tw5ty brisk "y fell[s ,clad 9 jackets1 blue array1-- ,& !y took poor ,billy ,taylor ,f 8 true love all avay40 ,! only v]b 9 ^! f\r l9es is ! v]b took1 :i* is gov]n$ by ! pron\n !y4 ,! f\r-&-tw5ty brisk "y fell[s1 !re=e1 ?\gh und5iably 9 ! nom9ative1 h no v]b to belong to3 :ile1 at ! same "t1 :atev] may be ?\ght ( _! behavi\r to ,mr4 ,william ,taylor1 !y are c]ta9ly n absolute 9 po9t ( case4 ,:5 a v]b comes betwe5 two n\ns1 ei!r ( :i* may be tak5 z ! subject ( ! affirmation1 x may agree ) ei!r ( !m3 z1 8,two-&-sixp5ce is half-a-cr[n40 ,due reg>d1 h[ev]1 %\ld be paid to t n\n :i* is mo/ naturally ! subject ( ! v]b3 x w\ld be cle>ly wrong to say1 8,ducks & gre5 peas is a delicacy40 8,fleas is a nuisance40 ,a nom9ative case1 /&+ )\t a p]sonal t5se ( a v]b1 & be+ put be=e a p>ticiple1 indep5d5tly ( ! re/ ( ! s5t5ce1 is call$ a case absolute3 z1 8,my bre?r51 to-morr[ be+ ,sunday1 ,i %all prea* a s]mon 9 ,smi?field2 aft] :i* we %all jo9 9 a hymn1 & t hav+ be5 sung1 ,bro!r ,biggs w address y40 ,! objective case is sometimes incorrectly made absolute by %[m5 & o!rs3 z1 8,"h1 g5tlem5 & ladies1 y w see t great w>rior ,napoleon ,bonap>te1 /&+ ag9 a tree ) 8 h&s 9 8 pockets1 him tak+ good c>e to keep out ( h>m's vay4 ,& !re1 on ! extreme "r1 y w obs]ve ! ,duky ,vell9ton a valk+ ab\t amid/ ! r$-hot cannon balls1 him n c>+ von /raw40 ,illu/ration ,,rule ,,ii4 ,two or m s+ul> n\ns1 jo9$ toge!r by a copulative conjunction1 express$ or und]/ood1 are equival5t to a plural n\n1 & !re=e require v]bs1 n\ns1 & pron\ns1 agree+ ) !m 9 ! plural numb]3 z1 8,veal1 w9e1 & v9eg>0 7take c>e h[ y pron\nce ^! words7 8are v good victuals ,i v[40 8,burke & ,h>e 7 nice m540 8,a hat )\t a cr[n1 a tatt]$ coat1 ?readb>e & out at elb[s1 a pair ( bree*es :i* look$ l a piece ( dirty pat*work div]sifi$ by v>i\s holes1 & ( boots :i* a ,jew w\ld h>dly h rak$ f a k5nel1 at once proclaim$ him a man :o _h se5 bett] days40 ,?is rule is n always adh]$ to 9 disc\rse q s closely z a fa/idi\s e> w\ld require x to be3 z1 8,& s1 y "k1 ,m>y1 & ,i1 & ,jane 0 a du/+ ! *airs1 & 9 comes ,missus40 ,,rule ,,iii4 ,:5 ! conjunction disjunctive comes betwe5 two n\ns1 ! v]b1 n\n1 or pron\n1 is ( ! s+ul> numb]1 because x ref]s to ea* ( su* n\ns tak5 sep>ately3 z1 8,a cold 9 ! head1 or a sore eye is a great disadvantage to a lov]40 ,if s+ul> pron\ns1 or a n\n & pron\n ( diff]5t p]sons1 be disjunctively connect$1 ! v]b mu/ agree ) ! p]son :i* /&s ne>e/ to x3 z 8,i or ?\ art40 8,?\ or ,i am40 8,i1 ?\1 or he is10 c4 ,b z ?is way ( writ+ or speak+ is v inelegant1 & z say+1 8,ei!r ,i am1 or ?\ art10 & s on1 w always r5d] hav+ rec\rse to x unnecess>y1 ! rule j laid d[n is almo/ useless1 except inasmu* z x sugge/s a moral maxim1 namely1 8,always be on good t]ms ) y\r next door neighb\r40 ,x also =cibly rem9ds u ( "s beautiful l9es by ,moore1 9 :i* ! he>t1 l a t5dril1 is said to tw9e r\nd ! 8ne>e/ & lovelie/ ?+40 ,n[ ! p]son :i* is plac$ ne>e/ ! v]b is ! object ( *oice2 ergo1 ! mo/ agreeable p]son--ergo1 ! lovelie/ p]son or ?+4 ,%\ld a conjunction disjunctive occur betwe5 a s+ul> n\n or pron\n1 & a plural "o1 ! v]b agrees ) ! plural n\n or pron\n3 z1 8,nei!r a k+ nor 8 c\rti]s are av]se to butt]30 7p>ticul>ly :5 ?ickly spread74 8,d>ius or ! ,p]sians 7 ho/ile to ,greece40 ,,rule ,,iv4 ,a n\n ( multitude1 t is1 "o :i* signifies _m1 c h a v]b or pron\n to agree ) x ei!r 9 ! s+ul> or plural numb]2 accord+ to ! import ( su* n\n1 z convey+ unity or plurality ( idea3 z1 8,! ,p>liam5t is--0 we d n *oose to say :at4 8,! nation is humbugg$40 8,! m9i/ry are exce$+ly well p5sion$40 8,! multitude h to pay _m taxes40 8,! ,c\ncil are at a loss to "k :at to d40 8,! p is a _m-head$ mon/]40 ,we d n mean to call ! p names4 ,we only quote :at all p>ties say ( x :5 out ( (fice4 ,:5 !y are 91 x is--:y1 we may exhau/ ! alphabet ab\t x1 z ,/]ne tri$ to d ab\t ,love2 b he c\ldn't get f>!r ?an ,r42 & !re=e1 if we break d[n1 x is no matt]4 ,s we w e'en try a leap2 & z ! maxim 8audi alt]am p>tem0 is a fav\rite "o ) all rightly con/itut$ m9ds1 our own inclusive1 we w see :at c be said on bo? sides4 ,! p1 !n1 is t]m$1 ,by ! ,ins4 ,by ! ,outs4 ,an appreh5sive p1 ,an addle-head$ p4 ,a bless$ p1 ,a burd5$ p4 ,a *ivalr\s p1 ,a curri% p4 ,a delightful p1 ,a disgu/+ p4 ,an enlight5$ p1 ,an embrut$ p4 ,a free p1 ,a fett]$ p4 ,a glori\s p1 ,a grovell+ p4 ,a high-m9d$ p1 ,a hoggi% p4 ,an intellig5t p1 ,an imp5etrable p4 ,a judici\s p1 ,a jolt]-head$ p4 ,a kn[+ p1 ,a knotty-pat$ p4 ,a lively p1 ,a lubb]ly p4 ,a magnanim\s p1 ,a mis]able p4 ,a noble p1 ,a nigg>dly p4 ,an oblig+ p1 ,an odi\s p4 ,a pi\s p1 ,a pr(ane p4 ,a quiet p1 ,a qu>relsome p4 ,a righte\s p1 ,a rascally p4 ,a s5sible p1 ,a /upid p4 ,a ,tory p1 ,a trucul5t p4 ,an upright p1 ,an unpr9cipl$ p4 ,a virtu\s p1 ,a vici\s p4 ,a ,:ig p1 ,a wick$ p4 ,an ,x-cell5t p1 ,an ,x-ecrable p4 ,a yield+ p1 ,a yelp+ p4 ,a zetetic p1 ,a zany p4 ,& n[ = a little m ,syntax4 ,,rule ,v4 ,pron\ns agree ) _! antec$5ts1 & ) ! n\ns to :i* !y belong1 9 g5d] & numb]3 z1 8,?is is ! bl[ :i* kill$ ,n$40 8,engl& 0 once gov]n$ by a celebrat$ ,k+1 :o 0 call$ ,rufus ! ,r$1 b ^: "n 0 by no means s illu/ri\s z t ( ,alfr$40 8,8 ,grace & ! ,b>onet _h put on _! boots40 8,! ,c\ntess appe>$1 & %e smil$1 b ! smile beli$ h] feel+s40 ,! relative be+ ( ! same p]son ) ! antec$5t1 ! v]b always agrees ) x3 z1 8,?\ :o le>ne/ ,syntax40 8,i :o enlight5 ?y m9d40 ,! relative :at 7incorrectly pron\nc$7 is sometimes us$ 9 a mann] :i* is v exceptionable3 z1 8,! g5tleman wot keeps ! w9e-vaults40 8,none b lov]s c feel = !m wot loves40 ,we m5tion ?is error once m1 9 ord] to insure its ab&onm5t4 ,! objective case ( ! p]sonal pron\ns is by "s1 = want ( bett] in=mation1 employ$ 9 ! place ( ^! & ^?3 z1 8,let !m ?+s alone40 8,n[ !n1 ,jemes1 make ha/e ) !m *ops40 8,give !m tables a wipe40 8,oh6 ,juli]1 turn !m heyes away40 8,:at's ! use o' mancipat9' !m nigg]s80 8,don't y wi% y 0 "o ( !m lob/]s80 8,i ?9k !m %awls s pretty60 8,look at !m sleeves40 ,! adv]b !re1 is sometimes1 ) additional impropriety1 jo9$ to ! pron\n !m3 z1 8,look aft] !m !re %eep40 ,! objective case ( a pron\n 9 ! fir/ p]son is put aft] ! int]jections ,oh6 & ,ah6 z1 8,oh6 de> me10 c4 ,! second p]son1 h[ev]1 requires a nom9ative case3 z1 8,oh6 y good-=-no?+ man60 8,ah6 ?\ gay ,lo?>io60 ,illu/ration3 8,oh6 y good-=-no?+ man60 ,,rule ,,vi4 ,:5 !re is no nom9ative case betwe5 ! relative & ! v]b1 ! relative itself is ! nom9ative to ! v]b3 z1 8,! ma/] :o flogg$ u40 8,! rods :i* 7 us$40 ,b :5 ! nom9ative comes betwe5 ! relative & ! v]b1 ! relative ex*anges1 z x 71 ! "* ( sire = t ( son1 & becomes ! gov]n$ in/ead ( ! gov]nor2 dep5d+ = its case on "s ^w 9 its own memb] ( ! s5t5ce3 z1 8,he :o is n[ at ! head ( affairs1 :om ! ,que5 delighte? to hon\r1 ^: ,pavilion 7if ! ,c\rt _h be5 !re7 might h be5 at ,brighton1 & to :om is intru/$ ! helm ( /ate--is a ,lamb40 ,well1 x is to be hop$ t he w get on 9 8 boat a little bett] ?an a be>2 ?\gh :y t animal is consid]$ s peculi>ly at sea :5 on ! wat]1 we _c tell4 ,man is ! only sailor except ! nautilus t we "k (4 ,ev5 ! /e] is no /e]sman4 ,! be>1 h[ev]1 is an ill-condition$1 awkw>d creature1 & v likely to upset ! boat2 :ile ! m g5tle lamb1 :atev] may be ! p]ils ( 8 situation1 leaves ! rudd] alone1 rema9s quietly 9 8 place1 & goes ) ! /ream4 ,,rule ,,vii4 ,! relative & ! v]b1 :5 ! =m] is prec$$ by two nom9atives ( diff]5t p]sons1 may agree 9 p]son ) ei!r1 accord+ to ! s5se3 z1 8,i am ! "y g5tleman :o d ! lov]s at ! ,wells20 or1 8:o does40 ,illu/ration ,let ?is maxim be borne con/antly 9 m9d4 8,a murd]] ( good *>act]s %\ld always be made an example (40 ,,rule ,,viii4 ,e adjective1 & e adjective pron\n1 relates to a sub/antive1 express$ or impli$3 z1 8,d&o 0 an unpr9cipl$1 z well z a voraci\s man40 8,few qu>rel ) _! bread & butt]20 t is1 8few p]sons40 8,?is is ! wond]ful eagle ( ! sun40 ,t is1 8,?is eagle10 c4 ,adjective pron\ns agree 9 numb] ) _! sub/antives3 8,?is muff1 ^! muffs2 t booby1 ^! boobies2 ano!r numscull1 o!r numsculls40 ,"s p say 8,^? k9d ( ?+s10 or1 8,?is f\r-&-tw5ty ye>10 nei!r ( :i* expressions !y h any bus9ess to use4 ,a good deal ( speculation has be5 exp5d$ on ! ^w means 9 connection ) an adjective pron\n4 ,"s w h x t we %\ld say1 8,by ?is mean20 8,by t mean20 8,by ^! means20 8,by ^? means30 o!rs1 t we %\ld say1 8,by ?is means10 & s on4 ,! practical rule to be obs]v$ is1 to treat ! sub/antive1 means1 z a s+ul> n\n :5 x ref]s to :at is s+ul>1 & :5 x relates to t :i* is plural1 z a plural "o4 ,! ^w mean is seldom us$ 9 ! same s5se ) means4 ,we h be5 induc$ to adv]t to ?is "q1 by ! desire ( giv+ ! read] a caution respect+ ! use ( ?is same ^w1 means4 ,x is n uncommon to he> x said 9 ! /reets & else:]e1 8,well1 & !n1 y "k1 ,jem 0 took a=e ! beak1 by means ( :i* he _h ?ree mon?s40 8,sall 0 q into/icat$1 by means ( :i* 7or vi*7 %e wor f9$ five bob10 c4 ,we w n %ock ! ref9$ gramm>ian by ! multiplication ( examples ( ?is k9d2 suffice x to say1 t ! phrase 8by means ( :i*0 is sub/itut$ = 89 consequ5ce ( :i*10 or1 8on :i* acc\nt10 by ! l[] or illit]ate classes4 ,adjectives are sometimes improp]ly us$ z adv]bs3 z1 8,he behav$ v bad40 8,he insult$ me mo/ gross40 8,he eat & drank uncommon40 8,he wur beat v sev]e40 8,x hail$ trem5d\s10 or1 m commonly1 8trem5jus40 ,,rule ,,ix4 ,! article a or an agrees ) n\ns 9 ! s+ul> numb] only3 z1 8,a fool1 an ass1 a simpleton1 a n9ny1 a l\t--,i w\ld n give a f>?+ = a ?\s& su*40 ,! def9ite article ! may agree ) n\ns 9 ! s+ul> & plural numb]3 z1 8,! toa/1 ! ladies1 ! ducks40 ,! articles are (t5 prop]ly omitt$2 :5 us$1 !y s]ve to det]m9e or limit ! ?+ spok5 (3 z1 8,v>iety is *>m+40 8,famili>ity do? bre$ contempt40 8,a /it* 9 "t saves n9e40 8,! he>t t has truly lov$ nev] =gets40 ,! article a or an is sometimes 7we grieve to say x7 appli$ to n\ns 9 ! plural numb]3 z1 8,a w9e-vaults40 8,an oy/]-rooms40 ,b ?is misapplication ( ! article is positively %ock+4 ,,rule ,x4 ,"o sub/antive1 9 ! possessive or g5itive case1 is gov]n$ by ano!r1 ( a diff]5t mean+3 z1 8,a fiddle-/ick's end40 8,monkey's all[ance40 8,virtue's rew>d40 ,illu/ration ,pron\ns1 z well z n\ns1 are ?us gov]n$ by sub/antives3 z1 8,! woes ( a kitt5 7l ^? ( a ,poet7 are express$ by its mews40 ,,rule ,,xi4 ,active v]bs gov]n ! objective case3 z1 8,i kiss$ h]40 8,%e scrat*$ me40 8,virtue rew>ds h] foll[]s40 ,= :i* reason %e is l a cook4 ,v]bs neut] d n gov]n an objective case4 ,obs]ve1 !re=e1 t su* phrases3 z1 8,%e cri$ a good "o10 8,he came ! old soldi] ov] me10 & s =?1 are highly improp] 9 a grammatical po9t ( view1 to say no?+ ( o!r objections to !m4 ,^! v]bs1 h[ev]1 are capable ( gov]n+ words ( a mean+ simil> to _! own3 z1 9 ! affect+ ballad ( ,giles ,scrogg9s-- 8,i wont1 %e cri$1 & scream$ a scream40 ,! v]b ,to ,be has ! same case aft] x z t :i* goes be=e x3 z1 8,x 0 ,i10 n 8,x 0 me40 8,! ,grubbs 7 !y :o eat s mu* trifle at our la/ p>ty20 n 8,! ,grubbses 7 !m40 ,,rule ,,xii4 ,"o v]b gov]ns ano!r t dep5ds ^u x1 9 ! inf9itive mood3 z1 8,cease to smoke pipes40 8,beg9 to we> coll>s40 8,i advise y to %ave40 8,i recomm5d y to g to *ur*40 8,i resolv$ to visit ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 8,& !re ,i le>n$ to :eel ab\t ,& jump ,jim ,cr[40 ,9 g5]al1 ! preposition to is us$ be=e ! latt] ( two v]bs2 b sometimes x is m prop]ly omitt$3 z1 8,i saw y take x1 "y fell[2 come along ) me40 8,let me get hold ( y1 t's all60 8,did ,i he> y speak80 8,i'll let y "k60 8,y d>e n hit me40 8,bid me disc\rse40 8,y ne$ n s+40 ,! preposition = is sometimes unnecess>ily intrud$ into a s5t5ce1 9 addition to ! preposition to1 be=e an inf9itive mood3 z1 8,h[ came y = to ?9k1 = to g1 = to d su* a ?+80 8,d y want me = to pun* y\r head80 ,adjectives1 sub/antives1 & p>ticiples1 (t5 gov]n ! inf9itive mood3 z1 8,miss ,hopk9s1 ,i %all be happy to dance ! next set ) y40 8,oh6 ,sir1 x is impossible to refuse y40 8,h y an incl9ation to waltz80 8,i %all be delight$ 9 endeav\r+ to d s40 ,illu/ration ,! inf9itive mood is frequ5tly made absolute1 t is1 indep5d5t ( ! re/ ( ! s5t5ce3 z1 8,to say ! tru?1 ,i 0 r ! worse = liquor40 8,n to m9ce matt]s1 ,miss1 ,i love y40 8,to beg9 at ! "r end40 8,to cut a long tale %ort10 c4 ,,rule ,,xiii4 ,! relation :i* words & phrases be> to ea* o!r 9 po9t ( "t1 %\ld always be duly m>k$3 in/ead ( say+1 8,la/ night ,i int5d$ to h made /rong love to h]10 we %\ld say1 8,la/ night ,i int5d$ to make /rong love to h]20 because1 al?\gh ! int5tion ( mak+ /rong love may h be5 ab&on$ 7on reflection7 ?is morn+1 & is n[1 !re=e1 a ?+ :i* is pa/1 yet x is und\bt$ly1 :5 la/ night & ! ?\ghts connect$ ) x are br\ght back1 aga9 pres5t to ! m9d4 ,,rule ,,xiv4 ,p>ticiples h ! same p[] ( gov]nm5t ) t ( ! v]bs f :i* !y are d]iv$3 z1 8,oh1 :at an exquisite s+] ,rub9i is6 ,i am s fond ( he>+ him40 8,look at t horrid man2 ,i decl>e he is quizz+ u60 8,no1 he is only tak+ snuff40 8,see1 h[ t ?+ opposite keeps mak+ eyes40 8,yes1 %e is ogl+ ,lumley2 ,i %\ld s l to p9* h]60 8,h[ fond !y all are ( we>+ mu/a*es6 ,don't y l x80 8,oh1 yes6 !re is no resi/+ !m40 8,heigho6 ,i am dy+ to h an ice--0 ----,"y man = a husb&1 ,miss8 ,= %ame1 ,sir6 don't be rude6 ,p>ticiples are sometimes us$ z sub/antives3 z1 8,! ,fr5* m\? is adapt$ to ! mak+ ( grimaces40 8,! cobbl] is l ! p>son2 he lives by ! m5d+ ( soles40 8,! tailor reaps a good h>ve/ f ! sew+ ( clo?40 8,did y ev] see a %oot+ ( ! moon80 ,is ?is :at ! wit*es mean :5 !y s+1 9 ! act+ play ( ,macbe?1 8,we fly by night80 ,if !y 8%oot ! moon10 !y are %oot+ />s4 ,!re is a mode ( us+ ! indef9ite article a be=e a p>ticiple1 = :i* !re is no occasion1 z x does n conv]t ! p>ticiple into a sub/antive1 & makes no alt]ation 9 ! s5se ( :at is said2 9 ?is case ! article1 !re=e1 is l a w>t1 a w51 or a knob at ! end ( ! nose1 nei!r useful nor ornam5tal3 z1 8,go+ out a %oot+40 8,are y a com+ to-morr[80 8,i 0 a ?9k+ ab\t :at ,jem said40 8,"h y are1 a go+ ( x1 z usual60 ,a lib]ty n unfrequ5tly tak5 ) ! ,engli% ,language1 is ! sub/itution ( ! p]fect p>ticiple = ! imp]fect t5se1 & ( ! imp]fect t5se = ! p]fect p>ticiple3 z1 8,he run l mad1 ) ! great dog aft] him40 8,m>ia come & told u all ab\t x40 8,:5 ,i _h wrote ! ,val5t9e1 ,i seal$ x ) my ?imble40 8,he has rose to 7be7 a common-c\ncilman40 8,i 0 *ose ,"l ,mayor40 8,i've eat 7or a eat7 lots ( v5ison 9 my "t40 8,i %\ld h spoke if y hadn't put 9 y\r o>40 8,y 7 mi/ook40 8,he s5t h] an affect+ copy ( v]ses1 :i* 0 wrote ) a ,p]ryian p540 ,,rule ,,xv4 ,adv]bs are g5]ally plac$ 9 a s5t5ce be=e adjectives1 aft] v]bs active or neut]1 & frequ5tly betwe5 ! auxili>y & ! v]b3 z1 8,he came1 ,sir1 & he 0 mo/ exce$+ly drunk2 he c\ld h>dly /& ^u 8 legs2 he made a v lame disc\rse2 he spoke incoh]5tly & ridicul\sly2 & 0 impati5tly he>d by ! :ole assembly40 8,he is fa%ionably dress$40 8,%e is conspicu\sly ugly40 8,! eye ( jeal\sy is prov]bially %>p1 & yet x is indisputably gre540 8,britons may (t5 be sold1 b !y w nev] be slaves40 8,! ,fr5* ,m>quis 0 a v *>m+ man2 he danc$ exquisitely & nimbly1 & 0 greatly admir$ by all ! ladies40 ,illu/ration ,sev]al adv]bs h be5 co9$ 9 ,am]ica ( late2 & "s ( !m are v rem>kable = a 8p>ticul>0 elegance3 z1 8,i reckon y're catawamp\sly *aw$ up40 ,9 ! example j giv5 !re is to be f\nd1 besides ! new adv]b1 a ^w :i*1 if n also new to ! ,engli% /ud5t1 is r5d]$ s bo? by its or?ography & pronunciation2 namely1 *aw$4 ,?is t]m is no o!r ?an 8*ew$10 modifi$ 7z words1 l liv+ ?+s1 w\ld seem to be71 by transportation to a =eign c\ntry4 8,*aw$ up0 is a v /rong expression1 & is employ$ to signify ! mo/ complete /ate ( discomfiture & defeat1 :5 a man is z mu* cru%$1 ma%$1 & comm9ut$1 morally speak+1 z if he _h lit]ally & corporeally und]gone ! process ( ma/ication4 8,catawamp\sly0 is a conc5tration ( 8hopelessly10 8trem5d\sly10 8?or\ghly10 & 8irrevocably20 s t 8catawamp\sly *aw$ up10 means1 br\ght z ne>ly to a /ate ( utt] annihilation z any?+ consi/5tly ) ! laws ( nature c possibly be4 ,= ! metaphorical use ( ! ^w 8*aw$10 made by ! ,am]icans1 ?ree sev]al reasons h be5 giv53 #a4 ,famili>ity ) ! mann] 9 :i* ! alligator disposes ( 8 victims4 #b4 ,! cannibalism ( ! ,aborig9es4 #c4 ,! delicate practice ( *ew+ tobacco4 ,ea* ( ^! is support$ by num]\s argum5ts1 on ! consid]ation ( :i* x w\ld be q out ( ! "q to ent] 9 ?is place4 ,,rule ,,xvi4 ,two ,engli% negatives 7l ,fr5* lov]s7 de/roy "o ano!r1--& become equival5t to an affirmative3 z1 8,! "q be=e ! ,h\se 0 n an unimportant "o20 t is1 8x 0 an important "o40 8,8 ,lord%ip 0 free to confess t he did n und]take to say t he w\ld n on "s future occasion give a satisfactory answ] to ! "r hon\rable g5tleman40 ,?us1 at "o & ! same "t1 we tea* our read]s ,syntax & secretiv5ess4 ,x is probable t small boys are (t5 unacqua9t$ ) ?is rule2 = _m ( !m1 :ile und]go+ p]sonal *a/isem5t1 exclaim1 = ! purpose1 z x w\ld appe>1 ( caus+ its duration to be %ort5$--8,oh pray1 ,sir1 oh pray1 ,sir1 oh pray1 ,sir6 ,i won't d s no m60 ,,rule ,,xvii4 ,prepositions gov]n ! objective case3 z1 8,:at did ! but*] say ( h]80 8,he said t %e w\ld nev] d = him2 t %e 0 too ?9 = a wife1 & he 0 n fond ( a sp>e rib40 ,! delicate e> is mu* (f5d$ by any deviation f ?is rule3 z1 9 a %ock+ & vulg> song :i* x 0 once our mis=tune to he>3-- 8,!re ,i f\nd ! fai?less %e ,fry+ sausages = he40 ,z also 9 ! conv]sation ( ru/ics3 z1 8,x's all "o to we40 8,come out ( !y 'tat]s60 8,he w5t to ! ,p>son's ) ,i40 8,f he to !y an't m nor dree mile40 ,we _h occasion1 9 ! ,etymology1 to rem>k on a c]ta9 misuse ( ! preposition1 (4 ,?is1 p]haps1 is be/ expla9$ by /at+ t (1 9 ! in/ances cit$1 is made to usurp ! gov]nm5t ( cases :i* are already "u a rightful jurisdiction3 z1 8,:at are y got a eat+ (80 8,he _h be5 a beat+ ( 8 wife40 ,,rule ,,xviii4 ,conjunctions connect simil> moods & t5ses ( v]bs1 & cases ( n\ns & pron\ns3 z1 8,a coat ( arms susp5d$ on a wall is l an execut$ traitor2 x is hang$1 drawn1 & qu>t]$40 8,if y cont9ue ?us to dr9k br&y & wat] & to smoke cig>s1 y w be l ,boreas ! ,nor? w9d1 :o takes #8cold )\t' :]ev] he goes1 & always #8bl[s a cl\d' :5 x comes 9 8 way40 8,d y ?9k !re is any ?+ betwe5 him & h]80 8,yes2 he & %e are engag$ ones40 ,illu/ration ,note4--,to ask :e!r !re is any ?+ betwe5 two p]sons ( opposite sexes1 is "o way ( inquir+ :e!r !y are 9 love ) ea* o!r4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 9 our op9ion1 a v happy phrase1 inasmu* z :atev] int]v5es betwe5 a c\ple ( fond he>ts1 mu/ t5d to prev5t !m f com+ toge!r4 ,pyramus & ,?isbe1 z ,ovid in=ms u1 _h m betwe5 !m ?an !y lik$--a conjunction disjunctive 9 ! %ape ( a wall4 ,& by ! bye1 n[ t we are speak+ ( ,pyramus & ,?isbe1 we may z well exp5d a ^w or two on a matt] :i*1 ?\gh ( mu* int]e/1 has nev] yet be5 notic$ by ! le>n$4 ,pyramus & ,?isbe1 x is well kn[n1 us$ to kiss ea* o!r ?r\gh a hole 9 ! wall :i* sep>at$ !m4 ,n[ we h always be5 puzzl$ to imag9e h[ !y manag$ x4 ,we are told by ! ,poet t !y liv$-- 8,ubi dicitur altam ,coctilibus muris c9xisse ,semiramis urbem0-- t is to say1 :]e ,semiramis is said to h surr\nd$ a l(ty city--n ) cock-tail mice1 z ,mr4 ,cann+ faceti\sly translat$ 8,coctilibus muris10--b ) brick walls4 ,! wall :i* sep>at$ two adjo9+ h\ses mu/ h be5 at lea/ a brick ?ick2 & al?\gh x be possible1 8) ,love's light w+s0 to 8o'erp]*0 an exce$+ly high wall1 x occurs to u t x w\ld be no easy ?+ = ,love's long lips1 let !m be z long z y w1 to rea* ?r\gh a mod]ately ?ick "o4 ,we d n "k exactly :at 0 ! bread? ( an ,assyrian brick1 b suppos+ x to h be5 ?ree in*es1 an in* & a half ( lip w\ld h be5 requir$ on ! "p ( ei!r lov] = a kiss :i* c\ld b>ely be sworn by2--a sort ( pres5tation salute2--b = "o wor? giv+ or tak+1 we mu/ all[ an additional half in* ( m\? to ! g5tleman4 ,aft] all1 _! noses mu/ h be5 s mu* 9 ! way1 t to make ! op]ation at all feasible1 ei!r ^! features mu/ h be5 p>ticul>ly flat1 or ! ap]ture a v l>ge "o2 :]eas x is well kn[n to h be5 m]ely a *9k4 ,common obs]vation on ! "p ( _! respective p>5ts w\ld h detect$ su* a gap1 & common prud5ce w\ld h /opp$ x up4 ,h[1 !n1 are we to reconcile ,ovid's /ory ) tru?8 ,n[1 rememb]1 read]1 :at has be5 said ab\t noses & lips4 ,our delib]ate op9ion is t ,pyramus & ,?isbe 7 a c\ple ( negroes4 ,we %all be told t x is "o utt]ly irreconcileable ) ! description ( !m giv5 9 ! ,metamorphoses4 ,no matt]-- 8,! lunatic1 ! lov]1 & ! poet1 ,are ( imag9ation all compact40 ,& consid]+ t ! lov]-- 8,sees ,hel5's beauty 9 a br[ ( ,egypt10 we d n see :y ,abyss9ian *>ms %\ld n be trans=m$ by a poet into ^? ( ,assyria4 ,& s1 hav+ prov$ 7to our own satisfaction at lea/7 t ! beautiful ,?isbe 0 a ,hott5tot ,v5us1 we w resume ! consid]ation ( conjunctions4 ,,rule ,,xix4 ,"s conjunctions gov]n ! indicative2 "s ! subjunctive mood4 ,9 g5]al1 x is "r to use ! subjunctive1 :5 cont+5cy or d\bt is impli$3 z1 8,if ,i 7 to say t ! moon is made ( gre5 *eese40 8,if ,i 7 a wiseacre40 8,if ,i 7 a ,wilt%ire-man40 8,a lady1 unless %e be toa/$1 is nev] drunk40 ,& :5 %e is toa/$1 ^? :o are drunk are g5]ally ! g5tlem54 ,illu/ration3 8,! ,ladies60 ,^? conjunctions :i* h a positive & absolute signification1 require ! indicative mood3 z1 8,he :o fa/s may be comp>$ to a horse3 = z ! animal eats n a bit1 s nei!r does ! man p>take ( a morsel40 8,! ru/ic is delud$ by false hopes1 = 8 daily food is gammon40 ,e philosoph] has 8 weak po9ts1 & 9 ! ,sylva ,sylv>um may be f\nd "s gammon ( ,bacon4 ,,rule ,,xx4 ,:5 a comp>ison is made betwe5 two or m ?+s1 ! latt] n\n or pron\n is n gov]n$ by ! conjunction ?an or z1 b agrees ) ! v]b1 or is gov]n$ by ! v]b or preposition1 express$ or und]/ood3 z1 8,! ,fr5* are a light] p ?an we10 7t is 8?an we are107 8& yet we are n s d>k z !y10 t is1 8z !y are40 8,i %\ld ?9k t !y admire me m ?an !m10 t is1 8?an !y admire !m40 8,x is a %ame1 ,m>?a6 y 7 ?9k+ m ( t "y (fic] ?an me10 t is1 8( me40 ,suffici5t att5tion is n always paid1 9 disc\rse1 to ?is rule4 ,?us1 a s*oolboy may be (t5 he>d to exclaim1 8,:at did y hit me =1 y great fool8 y're bigg] ?an me4 ,hit "s "o ( y\r own size60 8,n fl+ f>!r ?an him8 j c't ,i1 t's all60 8,y & ,i h got m m>bles ?an !m40 ,illu/ration ,,rule ,,xxi4 ,an ellipsis1 or omission ( c]ta9 words1 is frequ5tly all[$1 = ! sake ( avoid+ disagreeable repetitions1 & ( express+ our ideas 9 few words4 ,in/ead ( say+ 8,%e 0 a little woman1 %e 0 a r\nd woman1 & %e 0 an old woman10 we say1 mak+ use ( ! figure ,ellipsis1 8,%e 0 a little1 r\nd1 & old woman40 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! omission ( words is productive ( obscurity1 weak5s ! s5t5ce1 or involves a violation ( "s grammatical pr9ciple1 ! ellipsis mu/ n be us$4 ,x is improp] to say 8,pudd+s fill :o fill !m20 we %\ld supply ! ^w ^?4 8,a beautiful leg ( mutton & turnips0 is n good language3 ^? :o w\ld des]ve :at !y are talk+ ab\t ought to say1 8,a beautiful leg ( mutton & f9e turnips40 ,9 common disc\rse1 9 :i* ! mean+ c be ek$ out by ge/ures1 signs1 & in>ticulate s\nds v>i\sly modifi$1 ! ellipsis is mu* m lib]ally & m ext5sively employ$ ?an 9 writt5 composition4 8,may ,i h ! pleasure (--hum8 ha80 may con/itute an invitation to take w9e4 8,i %all be q--a--a--0 may s]ve z an answ] 9 ! affirmative4 8,s !n1 y see he 0--eh6--y see----10 is p]haps an intimation t a man has be5 hang$4 8,well1 ( all !--,i nev]60 is (t5 tantam\nt to ?ree times z _m words expressive ( surprise1 approbation1 or disapprobation1 accord+ to ! tone 9 :i* x is utt]$4 8,w y8--ah6--w y8--ah6--ah6--ah60 w d ei!r = 8,w y be s imp]t95t1 y sc\ndrel8 w y d>e to d s ano!r "t80 or1 8,w y1 de>e/1 lovelie/1 mo/ adorable ( y\r sex1 w y cons5t to make me happy2 w y be m9e8 speak6 answ]1 ,i entreat y6 ,"o ^w f ^? sweet lips w make me ! mo/ =tunate man 9 exi/5ce60 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a k9d ( ellipsis :i* ^? :o indulge 9 t /yle ( epi/ol>y writ+1 :]e9 s5tim5ts ( a t5d] nature are convey$1 w d well to avoid ) ! greate/ c>e4 ,! ellipsis allud$ to1 is t ( ! fir/ p]son s+ul> ( ! p]sonal pron\n1 z in/anc$ 9 ! foll[+ model ( a billet-d\x3-- ,camb]well1 ,april #a1 #ahdj4 ,,my ,,de>e/ ,,fanny1 ,h n enjoy$ ! balm ( sleep all ! livelong night4 ,enc\nt]$1 la/ night1 at ! ball1 ! beau ideal ( my he>t4 ,nev] knew :at love 0 till !n4 ,d]id$ ! s5tim5t (t52 je/$ at sc>s1 because _h nev] felt a w\nd4 ,feel at la/ ! p[] ( beauty--,write ) a tremul\s h&2 wav] betwe5 hope & fe>4 ,hope to be ?\ght n altoge!r unwor?y ( reg>d3 fe> to be reject$ z hav+ no pret5sions to ! affections ( su* unp>allel$ lovel9ess4 ,"k n 9 :at t]ms to decl>e my feel+s4 ,adore y1 wor%ip y1 dote on y1 am wrapt up 9 y6 ?9k b on y1 live b = y1 w\ld will+ly die = y6--9 %ort1 love y6 & implor+ y to h "s compassion on "o :o is di/ract$ = y\r sake ,rema9 ,devot$ly y\rs ,t4 ,,t\t4 ,,rule ,,xxii4 ,a regul> & dep5d5t con/ruction %\ld be c>efully pres]v$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole ( a s5t5ce1 & all its p>ts %\ld correspond to ea* o!r4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 an inaccuracy 9 ! foll[+ s5t5ce2 8,gre5acre 0 m admir$1 b n s mu* lam5t$1 z ,burke40 ,x %\ld be1 8,gre5acre 0 m admir$ ?an ,burke1 b n s mu* lam5t$40 ,( ^! two wor?ies !re w be a notice ( ! foll[+ k9d 9 a biographical diction>y1 to be publi%$ a ?\s& ye>s h5ce 9 ,am]ica4 ,,gre5acre4--,a celebrat$ critic :o s cut up a blue-/ock+ lady ( ! "n ( ,br[n1 t he did n leave h] a leg to /& ^u4 ,,burke4--,a fam\s orator1 ^: p[] ( /opp+ p's m\?s 0 said to be prodigi\s4 ,x is f>!r report$ ( him t he 0 only once hung up1 & t on ! occasion ( ! la/ spee* he ev] made4 ,p]haps x may be said t ! rule la/ /at$ compreh5ds all prec$+ rules1 & requires exemplification accord+ly4 ,we !re=e call ! att5tion ( ! read] to ! foll[+ p>agraph1 reque/+ him to consid] :at1 & h[ _m1 violations ( ! maxims ( ,syntax x conta9s4 8,we tea*es1 t is1 my son & me tea*es1 !y boys ,engli% ,gramm>4 ,tom or ,dick h le>n$ some?+ e day b ,h>ry :at is idl]1 :om ,i am sure w nev] come to no good1 = he is always a mi*+ & do+ ^? k9d ( ?+s 7he 0 cat* b ye/]day 9 a skittle gr\nds7 he only makes 8 book all dog's e>s4 ,i beat he1 too1 pretty sm>ti%1 z ,i ought1 y w say1 = to h did4 ,i 0 go+ to h s5t him away la/ week b he someh[ got ov] me z he d always4 ,i h _h s mu* tr\ble ) he1 t betwe5 y & ,i1 if ,i 0 n paid = x1 ,i w\ldn't h no m to d ) su* a boy4 ,!re nev] wasn't a monkey m mis*ievi\s ?an him2 & a donkey isn't m /upid] & n half s ob/9ate z t y\ng/]40 ,! ,syntax ( ! ,int]jection has be5 suffici5tly /at$ "u ,rule ,v4 ,int]jections af=d m matt] = consid]ation 9 a ,treatise on ,elocution ?an !y d 9 a "w on ,gramm>2 b !re is "o obs]vation :i* we are desir\s ( mak+ respect+ !m1 & :i* w n1 x is hop$1 be ?\ght altoge!r =eign to our pres5t subject4 ,almo/ e int]jection has a great v>iety ( mean+s1 adapt$ to p>ticul> occasions & circum/ances1 & indicat$ *iefly by ! tone ( ! voice4 ,( ?is proposition we %all n[ give a few illu/rations1 :i* we w\ld endeav\r to r5d] /ill cle>] by ! addition ( musical notes1 b t ^! w\ld h>dly express1 ) adequate exactness1 ! modulations ( s\nd to :i* we allude2 & besides1 we hope to be suffici5tly und]/ood )\t su* help4 ,?is "p ( ! ,gramm> %\ld be read al\d by ! /ud5t2 or1 :i* is bett] /ill1 ! int]jection1 :]e x is possible1 %\ld be repeat$ ) ! prop] intonation by a class2 ! s5t5ce :i* gives occasion to x be+ read by ! preceptor4 ,we w select ! int]jection ,oh6 z ! s\rce f :i* our examples are to be drawn4 8,i'll give x y1 y idle dog3 ,i w60 8,oh1 pray1 ,sir6 ,oh1 pray1 ,sir6 ,oh6 ,oh6 ,oh60 8,i %all ev] h ! highe/ e/eem = y1 ,sir2 b z to love1 t is out ( ! "q40 8,oh1 ,matilda60 8,i say1 ,jim1 look at t *aff9*3 !re's a %y60 8,oh1 ,crikey60 8,miss ,tims1 d y admire ,"l ,byron80 8,oh1 yes60 8,:at d y ?9k ( ,rub9i's s++80 8,oh60 8,s !n1 y see1 we popp$ r\nd ! corn]1 & caught !m j 9 ! nick ( "t40 8,oh60 8,sir1 y\r behavi\r has done y great cr$it40 8,oh60 8,oats are look+ up40 8,oh60 8,hon\rable ,memb]s might say :at !y pleas$2 b he 0 conv9c$1 = 8 "p1 t ! ,new ,poor ,law _h giv5 great g5]al satisfaction40 8,oh6 oh60 ,!re be+ n[ no reason 7or rule7 to deta9 u 9 ! ,syntax1 we %all =?) advance into ,prosody1 :]e we %all h some?+ to say1 n only ab\t rules1 b also ( measures4 ,,"p ,,iv4 ,,prosody4 ,prosody consi/s ( two p>ts2 :]e=e1 al?\gh x may be a topic1 a head1 or subject = discussion1 x c nev] be a po9t2 = a po9t is t :i* ha? no p>ts4 ,besides1 !re are a great _m l9es to be consid]$ 9 ! second "p ( ,prosody1 :i* treats ( ,v]sification4 ,! fir/ division tea*es ! true ,pronunciation ( ,words1 includ+ ,acc5t1 ,quantity1 ,emphasis1 ,pause1 & ,tone4 ,"l ,*e/]field's book ab\t mann]s1 :i* is int5d$ to tea* u ! prop] tone to be adopt$ 9 ,society1 may be t]m$ an ,e?ical ,prosody4 ,"l ,*e/]field may h be5 a poli%$ g5tleman1 b ,dr4 ,johnson 0 ( ! two ! m %9+ "*4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,( ,,pronunciation4 ,,section ,i4 ,,( ,,acc5t4 ,?\gh p5etrat$ ourselves by ! desire ( imp>t+ in/ruction1 we are f> f wi%+ to bore our read]s2 & !re=e we %all endeav\r to repeat no?+ "h t we h said be=e4 ,acc5t is ! m>k+ ) a peculi> /ress ( ! voice a p>ticul> lett] or syllable 9 a ^w1 9 su* a mann] z to r5d] x m di/9ct or audible ?an ! re/4 ,?us1 9 ! ^w ?atre1 ! /ress ( ! voice %\ld be on ! lett] e & fir/ syllable !2 & 9 cntr>y1 on ! fir/ syllable con4 ,h[ %ock+ x is to he> p say con-trry1 !-tre6 ,! fri5ds ( education w be rem9d$ ) regret1 t an error 9 ! pronunciation ( ! fir/ ( ^! words is v e>ly impress$ on ! human m9d4 8,m>y1 ,m>y1 ,q contrry1 ,h[ does y\r g>d5 gr[80 ,h[ _m evils1 alas6 arise f juv5ile associations6 ,words ( two syllables nev] h m ?an "o ( !m acc5t$1 except = ! sake ( peculi> emphasis4 ,g5tlem51 h[ev]1 ^: pr(ession x is to drive c]ta9 public vehicles call$ cabs1 are mu* accu/om$ to disreg>d ?is rule1 & to say1 8p-lte0 7or 8pr-lte071 8gn-tel10 8cn-crn10 8p-lce10 & s on3 nay1 !y g s f> z to conv]t a ^w ( "o syllable into two1 = ! sake ( indulg+ 9 ?is /yle ( pronunciation2 & ?us ! ^w 8que]0 is pron\nc$ by !m z 8k-ver40 ,! ^w 8-mn10 :5 /&+ alone1 %\ld be pron\nc$ ) two acc5ts4 ,! acc5ts 9 :i* x usually is pron\nc$ are v inelegant4 ,cl]ks1 n[-a-days1 alas6 are no s*ol>s4 ,dissyllables1 =m$ by add+ a t]m9ation1 usually h ! =m] syllable acc5t$3 z1 8,foli%1 blckhead10 c4 ,! acc5t 9 dissyllables1 =m$ by prefix+ a syllable to ! radical ^w1 is commonly on ! latt] syllable3 z1 8,i prot/1 ,i declre1 ,i entrat1 ,i adre1 ,i expre40 ,illu/ration3 ,,all ,,= ,,love4 ,prote/ations1 decl>ations1 entreaties1 & adorations1 proclaim a swa9 to be simply t5d]2 b expiration 7= love7 proves him to be decid$ly s(t4 ,a man :o turns lov] becomes a prote/-ant2 & 8 conduct at ! same "t g5]ally und]goes a re=mation1 especially if he has previ\sly be5 a rake4 ,! zeal1 h[ev]1 ( a re=m$ rake1 l t ( ,jack 9 ,dean ,swift's 8,tale ( a ,tub10 is sometimes apt to outrun 8 discretion4 ,illu/ration ,:5 ! same ^w1 be+ a dissyllable1 is bo? a n\n & a v]b1 ! v]b has mo/ly ! acc5t on ! latt]1 & ! n\n on ! =m] syllable3 z1 8,molly1 let ,hym5's g5tle h& ,cemnt our he>ts toge!r1 ,) su* a cm5t z %all /& ,9 spite ( w9d & wea!r4 8,i d presge--& (t a fact ,a prsage do? =etok5-- ,our mutual love %all ne'er contrct1 ,our cntract ne'er be brok540 ,!re are _m exceptions to ! rule j enunciat$ 7s t1 correctly z well z famili>ly speak+1 x is p]haps no rule72 = ?\gh v]bs seldom h an acc5t on ! =m]1 yet n\ns frequ5tly h x on ! latt] syllable3 z1 8,m>y ,anne is my delght ,bo? by day & eke by night2 ,= by day h] s(t contrl ,soo!s my he>t & calms my s\l2 ,& h] image :ile ,i doze ,comes to sweet5 my repse2 ,=tune fav\r+ my desgn1 ,please ! pigs %e %all be m9e60 ,! =m] syllable ( mo/ dissyllables end+ 9 y1 our1 ow1 le1 i%1 ck1 t]1 aye1 en1 et1 is acc5t$3 z1 8,grnny1 nodle10 c4 ,except allw1 avw1 endw1 be/w1 belw4 8,sir1 ,i _c allw ,y y\r flame to avw2 ,endw y\rself fir/ ) ! rh9o3 ,my h& to be/w ,on a fell[ belw ,me6--,i'd r be--nev] m9d-- ,i "k40 8,music10 9 ! language ( ! ,gods1 is sometimes pron\nc$ 8m-sc60 ,n\ns ( two syllables end+ 9 er1 h ! acc5t on ! =m] syllable3 z1 8,bt*]1 bk]40 ,x is1 p]haps1 a s+ul> ?+1 t p]sons :o pursue ! call+s d5ot$ by ! two words select$ z examples1 %\ld always indicate _! pres5ce at an area by cry+ out1 9 direct defiance ( ,prosody1 8,b-*r1 ba-kr20 ! latt] syllable be+ ( ! two ! m /rongly acc5t$4 ,dissyllabic v]bs end+ 9 a consonant & e f9al1 z 8,disclose10 8rep9e10 or hav+ a diph?ong 9 ! la/ syllable1 z1 8,believe10 8deceive10 or end+ 9 two consonants1 z 8,int5d10 are acc5t$ on ! latt] syllable4 8,matilda's eyes a light disclse1 ,:i* ) ! /> ( ,eve might vie2 ,oh6 t su* lovely orbs z ^? ,%\ld sp>kle at an apple-pie6 8,?y love ,i ?\ght 0 :olly m9e1 ,?y he>t ,i fondly hop$ to rule2 ,its ?rone ,i _c b repne ,at %>+ ) a goosb'ry fool6 8,?\ swe>'/ no flatt]] c decive ,?y m9d1--?y brea/ no coxcomb rifle2 ,?\ art no trifl]1 ,i belive1 ,b :y s plaguy fond ( trifle8 8,:y1 :5 we're w$--,i don't intnd ,to joke1 ,matilda1 or be funny2 ,i really fe> t y w sp5d ,! ,honey ,moon 9 eat+ honey60 ,mo/ dissyllabic n\ns1 hav+ a diph?ong 9 ! latt] syllable1 h ! acc5t also on t syllable3 z1 8,a ,hamlet t draws ,is sure ( appluse40 ,a ,hamlet t draws8 ,!re are n _m :o c give ev5 an outl9e ( ! "*4 ,9 a few words end+ 9 a9 ! acc5t is plac$ on ! =m] syllable3 z1 8,vlla910 :i* is pron\nc$ z ! natives ( ,:ite*apel pron\nce 8will+40 ,^? dissyllables1 ! v[els ( :i* are sep>at$ 9 pronunciation1 always h ! acc5t on ! fir/ syllable3 z1 lion1 scion1 c4 ,:5 is a "y & t5d] %oot ,l a fond swa98 ,:5 'tis a scon4 ,:at's ! mo/ g5tlemanly brute ,l1 ( all fl['rs8 ,a d&y lon4 ,trisyllables1 =m$ by add+ a t]m9ation or prefix+ a syllable1 reta9 ! acc5t ( ! radical ^w3 z1 8,lvel9ess1 %epi%ness1 ,:gg]y1 knv1 assrance40 ,! fir/ syllable ( trisyllables end+ 9 ous1 al1 ion1 is acc5t$ 9 ! g5]ality ( cases3 z 9 ! words 8sri\s1 cpital10 c4 8,dr4 ,johnson decl>$1 ) a sri\s face1 ,t he reckon$ a pun/] a villa93 ,:at w\ld he h ?\ght ( ! horrible case ,( a man :o makes jokes t are kill+8 8,9 8 dction to speak 'tis n easy = "o ,:o mu/ furni% bo? reason & rhyme2 ,sir1 ! rogue :o has utt]'d a cpital pun1 ,has committ$ a cpital crime40 ,trisyllables end+ 9 ce1 ent1 ate1 y1 re1 le1 & ude1 commonly acc5t ! fir/ syllable4 ,_m ( ^?1 h[ev]1 :i* are d]iv$ f words hav+ ! acc5t on ! la/ syllable1 & ( ^? ( :i* ! middle syllable has a v[el betwe5 two consonants1 are except$4 ,!y :o w\ld elegantly speak ,%\ld n say 8mpud5ce10 b 8*eek20 ,%\ld all ?+s atable call 8prog20 ,eyes 8ogles10 cunt5ance 8phisog40 ,a coa* %\ld nm9ate a 8drag10 ,& spcify z 8moke10 a nag3 ,= xcell5t1 use 8prime0 or 8bang up10 ,or 8out & out20 & 8scrag10 = hang up4 ,! ?atre 0 wont to tea* ,! public rctitude ( spee*1 ,b we :o live 9 mod]n age ,consult ! gall]y1 n ! /age4 ,trisyllables end+ 9 ator h ! acc5t plac$ on ! middle syllable2 z1 8,specttor1 n>rtor10 c4 except rator1 snator1 & a few o!r words4 ,take c>e t y nev] pron\nce ! common "n ( ! vegetable sometimes call$ ,iri% wall-fruit1 8purttor40 ,a diph?ong 9 ! middle syllable ( a trisyllable is acc5t$3 z also1 9 g5]al1 is a v[el be=e two consonants3 z1 8,dom/ic10 8endav\r40 ,an endeav\r to appe> dome/icat$1 or 9 common phraseology1 to 8d0 ! dome/ic1 is sometimes made by "y g5tlem51 & g5]ally ) b an ill grace4 ,avoid su* attempts1 read]1 on all occasions3 & 9 p>ticul> nev] adv5ture ei!r to nurse babies1 or 7:5 y %all h 8gone up to ! ladies07 to p\r wat] into ! tea-pot f ! kettle4 ,a legal or m$ical /ud5t sometimes ?9ks prop]1 f a desire ( appe>+ at once gallant & faceti\s1 to usurp ! (fice ( p\r+ out ! tea itself1 on :i* occasions he is v apt to betray 8 uncivilis$ habits by an unconsci\s b v unequivocal manipulation us$ 9 giv+ malt liquor :at is te*nically t]m$ a 8head40 ,_m polysyllables are regulat$ z to acc5t by ! words f :i* !y are d]iv$3 z1 8,inexprssibles1 ,sb/itut$1 ,unobjctionably1 ,dsignat$1 ,transatlntic1 ,dlicacy1 ,decd$ly1 ,unqu/ionable40 ,words end+ 9 ator are commonly acc5t$ on ! la/ syllable b "o1 let !m be z long z !y may3 z1 respirtor1 regultor1 r5ovtor1 indictor1 & all ! o!r ators t we see 9 ! newspap]s4 ,a cockney1 quot+ ,dr4 ,johnson1 said1 8,sir1 ,i love a good ator40 ,words t end 9 le usually h ! acc5t on ! fir/ syllable3 z1 8micable1 dspicable10 c43 al?\gh we h he>d p say 8despcable40 8,i nev] see su* a despcable fell[1 n 9 all my born days40 ,words ( ?is class1 h[ev]1 ! second syllable ( :i* has a v[el be=e two consonants1 are (t5 diff]5tly acc5t$3 z 9 8,respctable1 contmptible40 ,illu/ration3 8,a respectable ,man40 ,_m words end+ 9 ion1 ous1 ty1 ia1 io1 & cal1 h _! acc5t on ! la/ syllable b two3 z1 8,con-si-de-r-ti-on1 pro-d-gi-ous1 im-pe-ne-tra-bl-i-ty1 en-cy-clo-p-di-a1 brag-ga-d-ci-o1 an-ti-mo-nr*-i-cal10 all ( :i* words we h divid$ into syllables1 by way ( a h9t t !y are to be pron\nc$ 7comically speak+7 aft] ! mann] ( ,dom9ie ,sampson4 ,hav+1 9 compliance ) grammatical usage1 laid d[n c]ta9 rules ) reg>d to acc5t1 we h to in=m ! read] t !re are s _m exceptions to almo/ all ( !m1 t p]haps !re is sc>cely "o :i* x is wor? :ile to att5d to4 ,we hope we h 9 "s measure amus$ him2 b z to in/ruction1 we fe> t1 9 ?is "p ( our subject1 we h giv5 him v little ( t4 ,^? :o w\ld acquire a correct acc5t _h bett] att5d p>ticul>ly to ! mode ( speak+ adopt$ 9 good society2 avoid debat+ clubs2 & g to *ur*4 ,= f>!r satisfaction & in=mation we ref] !m1 & we beg to say t we are n jok+--to ,walk]4 ,,section ,,ii4 ,,( ,,quantity4 ,! quantity ( a syllable means ! "t tak5 up 9 pron\nc+ x4 ,z !re is 9 ,ari?metic a long division & a %ort division1 s 9 ,prosody is ,quantity consid]$ z long or %ort4 ,a syllable is said to be long1 :5 ! acc5t is on ! v[el1 caus+ x to be sl[ly jo9$ 9 pronunciation to ! next lett]3 z1 8,fla1 smll1 crature40 ,a syllable is call$ %ort1 :5 ! acc5t lies on ! consonant1 s t ! v[el is quickly jo9$ to ! succe$+ lett]3 z 8,crck1 lttle1 dvil40 ,! pronunciation ( a long syllable commonly occupies d\ble ! "t ( a %ort "o3 ?us1 8,pte10 & 8,brke10 mu/ be pron\nc$ z sl[ly aga9 z 8,pt10 & 8,knck40 ,we h rem>k$ a curi\s t5d5cy 9 ! m y\?ful /ud5ts ( ,gramm> to reg>d ! quantity ( words 79 _! lessons7 m z be+ 8small0 or 8great0 ?an z com+ "u ! head ( 8long0 or 8%ort40 ,_! pr$ilection = small quantities ( words is v /rik+ & peculi>2 food = ! m9d !y seem to look ^u z physic2 & all physic1 9 _! e/imation1 is mo/ agreeably tak5 9 inf9itesimal doses4 ,! ,homopa?ic sy/em ( acquir+ k is m to _! ta/e ?an ev5 ! ,hamiltonian4 ,x is q impossible to give any rules z to quantity wor? read+4 ,! ,romans may h submitt$ to !m1 b t is no reason :y we %\ld4 ,we w pron\nce our words z we please3 & if =eign]s want to "k :y1 we w tell !m t1 :5 !re is no ,act ( ,p>liam5t to ! contr>y1 an ,engli%man always does z he likes ) 8 own4 ,illu/ration ,,section ,,iii4 ,,( ,,emphasis4 ,emphasis is ! di/+ui%+ ( "s ^w or words 9 a s5t5ce1 on :i* we wi% to lay p>ticul> /ress1 by a /rong] & full] s\nd1 & sometimes by a p>ticul> tone ( ! voice4 ,a few illu/rations ( ! importance ( emphasis w be1 p]haps1 bo? agreeable & useful4 ,:5 a "y lady says to a "y g5tleman1 8,y are a nice fell[2 y are60--%e means "o ?+4 ,:5 a "y g5tleman1 address+ "o ( 8 own sex1 rem>ks1 8,y're a nice fell[2 y are20--he means ano!r ?+4 8,y\r fri5d is a g5tleman10 pron\nc$ )\t any p>ticul> emphasis1 is ! simple ass]tion ( a fact4 8,y\r fri5d is a g5tleman10 ) ! emphasis on ! words 8fri5d0 & 8g5tleman10 conveys an ins9uation besides4 ,s simple a "q z 8,d y l p9e-apple rum80 is susceptible ( z _m mean+s z !re are words 9 x2 accord+ to ! position ( ! emphasis4 8,d y l p9e-apple rum80 is z mu* z to say1 8,d y1 ?\gh1 really l p9e-apple rum80 8,d y l p9e-apple rum80 is tantam\nt to1 8,c x be t a "y g5tleman 7or lady7 l y1 c l p9e-apple rum80 8,d y l p9e-apple rum80 means1 8,is x possible t in/ead ( dislik+1 y are fond ( p9e-apple rum80 8,d y l p9e-apple rum80 is an enquiry z to :e!r y l t k9d ( rum 9 p>ticul>4 ,& la/ly1 8,d y l p9e-apple rum80 is equival5t to ask+ if y ?9k t ! flav\r ( ! p9e-apple improves t especial =m ( alcohol4 ,a well-kn[n in/ance ( an emphasis improp]ly plac$ 0 furni%$ by a c]ta9 ,p>son1 :o read a passage 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t 9 ! foll[+ unlucky mann]3 8,& he said unto 8 sons1 ,saddle me ! ass2 & !y saddl$ him40 ,"y ladies are usually v emphatic 9 ord9>y disc\rse4 8,:at a little de>6 ,oh6 h[ sweetly pretty6 ,well6 ,i nev] did1 ,i decl>e6 ,s nice1 & s innoc5t1 & s good-temp]$1 & s affectionate1 & su* a col\r6 ,& oh6 su* lovely eyes6 & su* hair6 ,he 0 a little duck6 he 01 he 01 he 04 ,tzig a tzig1 tzig1 tzig1 tzig1 tzig60 c4 c4 c4 ,illu/ration ,?is emphatic way ( speak+ is indicative ( two v amiable feel+s implant$ by nature 9 ! female occiput1 & call$ by ! ,phr5ologi/s ,adhesiv5ess & ,philoprog5itiv5ess4 ,^? :o attempt to imitate x w be consci\s1 :ile =c+ out _! words1 ( a peculi> m5tal emotion1 :i* we _c expla9 o!rwise ?an by say+1 t x is analog\s to t :i* att5ds ! act ( press+ or squeez+2 z :51 ) ! ?umb ( ! "r h&1 we knead "o lump ( putty to ano!r1 9 ! palm ( ! left4 ,p]haps we might also in/ance1 suck+ an orange4 ,9 all ^! cases1 ! organ ( ,weight1 accord+ to ,phr5ology1 is also active2 & ?is1 p]haps1 is "o ( ! faculties :i* induce "y ladies to lay a /ress ^u _! words4 ,nev]!less1 we fe> t a damsel w\ld h>dly be pleas$ by be+ told t h] weight 0 consid]able1 ?\gh x w\ld1 at ! same "t1 griev\sly (f5d h] to accuse h] ( lightness4 ,"h we ne$ sc>cely obs]ve1 t we ref] to lightness1 n ( complexion1 b ( s5tim5t1 :i* is always reg>d$ z a d>k %ade 9 ! "*4 ,?is defect1 we ?9k1 we may safely ass]t1 w nev] be obs]v$ 9 emphatic fair ones4 ,b we h n yet q exhau/$ ! subject ( emphasis1 consid]$ 9 relation to "y ladies4 ,_! lett]s are z emphatic z _! language is1 almo/ e ?ird ^w be+ und]l9$4 ,su* epi/les1 inasmu* z !y are address$ to ! he>t1 ought n to be submitt$ to ! e>2 nev]!less we mu/ say t we h occasionally be5 wick$ & waggi% en\gh to read !m al\d--to ourselves alone1 ( c\rse4 ,! read] may1 if he *oose1 foll[ our example4 ,we subjo9 a specim5 ( female correspond5ce1 ende>$ to u by _m t5d] recollections1 & admirably adapt$ to our pres5t purpose4 ,my de> ,paul1 ,:5 we left ,t[n on ,w$nesday la/ ! wea!r 0 s v ra9y t we 7 oblig$ to h ! coa* w9d[s up4 ,i 0 t]ribly afraid t ,matilda & ,i w\ld h caught our ,dea? ( cold2 b ?ank ,goodness no su* unt[>d ev5t took place4 ,x 0 v uncom=table1 & ,i s wi%$ y _h be5 !re4 ,:5 we got home :o d y ?9k 0 !re8 ,mr4 ,sims2 & he said he ?\ght t ,i 0 s mu* gr[n4 ,only ?9k4 ,& s !n y "k we took "s refre%m5t1 = ,i assure y1 :at ) ! j\rney & altoge!r we 7 v ne>ly fami%$2 & we 7 all invit$ to g to ! ,*ubbs' t ,ev5+ to a small ,tea ,p>ty1 = :i* ,i mu/ own ,i ?\ght ,mr4 ,*ubb a nice man4 ,aft] tea we _h a c>pet waltz1 & al?\gh ,i 0 v tir$ ,i enjoy$ x mu*4 ,!re 7 "s v pretty girls !re1 & "o or two agreeable "y m52 b oh6 c4 ,! rema9d] ( ?is lett] be+ ( a nature p]sonally int]e/+ to ourselves only1 & likely1 9 ! op9ion ( "s read]s1 to r5d] its ins]tion attributable to motives ( vanity1 we %all n be f\nd fault ) = object+ to transcribe any m ( x4 ,,section ,,iv4 ,,( ,,pauses4 ,a ,pause1 o!rwise call$ a re/1 is an absolute cessation ( ! voice1 9 speak+ or read+1 dur+ a p]ceptible int]val1 long] or %ort]1 ( "t4 ,comic ,pauses (t5 occur 9 ,oratory4 8,unaccu/om$ z ,i am to public speak+10 is usually foll[$ by a pause ( ?is sort4 ,a "y g5tleman1 8 heal? hav+ be5 drunk at a p>ty1 af=d$1 9 endeav\r+ to return ?anks1 a signal illu/ration ( ! ,pause ,comic4 8,g5tlem510 he began1 8! ,anci5t ,romans10--7,a pause71--8,i say1 ,g5tlem51 ! ,anci5t ,romans10--7,he>67--8,! ,anci5t ,romans1 ,g5tlem510--7,bravo6 he>6 he>67--8,g5tlem5--t is--! ,anci5t ,romans0--87 v f9e fell[s1 ,jack1 ,i d>e say10 add$ a fri5d1 pull+ ! speak] d[n by ! coat-tail4 ,t notable ,anci5t ,roman1 ,brutus1 is repres5t$ by ,%aksp]e z mak+ a glori\s pause3 z1 8,:o's "h s vile t w\ld n love 8 c\ntry8 ,if any1 speak1 = him h ,i (f5d$4 ,i pause = a reply40 ,illu/ration ,"h1 ( c\rse1 ,brutus pauses1 folds 8 arms1 & looks magnanim\s4 ,we h he>d1 ?\gh1 ( an idle & impud5t s*oolboy1 :o1 at a public recitation1 :5 he _h utt]$ ! words 8,i pause = a reply10 gravely took out 8 p5knife & began p>+ 8 nails4 ,?is 0 m9d+ 8 paws ) a v5geance4 ,a v long pause1 p>ticul>ly accompani$ by a v s]i\s look on ! "p ( ! speak]1 z good z tells ! audi5ce t some?+ ( great importance is com+4 ,x is !re=e necess>y to h some?+ ( real consequ5ce to br+ out4 ,! foll[+ extract f a political h>angue w %[ h[ ess5tial x is to att5d to ?is po9t3-- 8,&1 ,g5tlem51 :5 ,i consid]1 ,i say1 :5 ,i consid] ! condition ( ! masses ( ?is c\ntry1 ,i d ?9k1 & x is my op9ion1 t ! ,gov]nm5t has mu* to answ] =4 ,b n to dwell on t po9t1 :at h be5 ! de$s1 :at h be5 ! proce$+s1 ,i may say1 ( ! ,gov]nm5t itself8 ,!y h increas$ taxation1 !y h swell$ ! ,national ,debt1 !y h assail$ ! lib]ty ( ! subject1 !y h trampl$ ! poor man 9 ! du/2 he ask$ = lib]ty1 & !y made him a slave2 he dem&$ ! ,*>t]1 & !y load$ him ) fett]s2 he knelt = protection1 & !y gave him ! ,poor ,law2 he cri$ = bread1 & !y gave him ! bayonet4 ,by :at "n1 by :at t]m1 by :at expression1 are we to designate su* tyranny8 7,a long pause7 444 ,g5tlem56--x is uncon/itutional6660 ,,section ,v4 ,,( ,,tones4 ,tones consi/ ( ! modulations ( ! voice1 or ! notes or v>iations ( s\nd :i* we use 9 speak+3 ?us diff]+ mat]ially bo? f emphasis & pauses4 ,an int]e/+ div]sity ( tones is exhibit$ by ! popul> voice at an election4 ,also by du/-m51 milk-wom51 & pot-boys2 & by fruit]]s1 he>?-/one-v5d]s1 ballad-s+]s1 ,la/-,dy+-,spee*-hawk]s1 & old clo!sm5 it9]ant4 ,we _c exactly write tones 7?\gh x is easy en\gh to write notes71 b we %all nev]!less endeav\r to give "s idea ( _! utility4 ,a lov] & a police-magi/rate 7unless ! two *>act]s %\ld *ance to be comb9$1 :i* sometimes happ5s1 t is1 :5 ! latt] is a lov] ( ju/ice7 w\ld say1 8,answ] me10 9 v diff]5t tones4 ,obs]ve1 t two doves bill+ resemble two magi/rates b[+2--because !y are beak to beak4 ,illu/ration ,a lov] aga9 w\ld utt] ! words 8,= ev] & ev]10 9 a v diff]5t tone f t 9 :i* a ,p>i% ,cl]k w\ld repeat !m4 ,a "y lady1 on h] fir/ introduction to y1 says1 8,sir10 9 a tone v unlike t 9 :i* %e sometime aft]w>ds deliv]s h]self ( ! same monosyllable :5 %e is address+ y "u ! influ5ce ( jeal\sy4 ,z to ! ^w 8,sir10 ! numb] ( con/ructions :i*1 accord+ to ! tone 9 :i* x is spok51 x may be made to be>1 are incalculable4 ,we may adduce a few in/ances4 8,please1 ,sir1 let me (f my imposition40 8,no1 ,sir60 8,wait]6 y1 ,sir40 8,yes1 ,sir6 yes1 ,sir60 8,sir1 ,i am greatly oblig$ to y40 8,sir1 y are q welcome40 8,y\r s]vant1 ,sir0 7by a man :o br+s y a *all5ge74 8',s]vant1 ,sir0 7by a tailor b[+ y to ! door74 8,sir1 y are a g5tleman60 8,sir1 y are a sc\ndrel60 ,we ne$ n g on ) examples ad inf9itum4 ,if aft] :at we h said anybody does n und]/& ! nature ( ,tone1 all we %all say ( him is1 t he is a ,tony ,lumpk94 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,v]sification4 ,hurrah6 ,x is ) peculi> pleasure t we approa* ?is "p ( ,prosody2 & we h !re=e prefac$ x ) an exclamation indicative ( delight4 ,we belong to a class ( p]sons to :om a celebrat$ phr5ological manipulator ascribes 8"s poetical feel+1 if /udi$ or call$ =?20 &1 to borr[ ano!r expression f ! same qu>t]1 we sometimes 8v]sify a little20 t is to say1 we div]sify our lit]>y occupations by an occasional flirtation ) ! muses4 ,n[ x gives u great conc]n to obs]ve t popul> lit]ature is becom+ v prosaic4 ,poetry & ,box+ h gone out ( fav\r toge!r1 & mo/ probably1--?\gh we h n q "t en\gh j at pres5t to %[ h[1--f ! same cause2 namely1 bad ta/e4 ,we m5tion ,box+ along ) ,poetry1 because x is rem>kable t _! decl9e %\ld h be5 contemporane\s2 & because we are ( ^? :o believe t !re exi/s an ess5tial simil>ity betwe5 all ! bran*es ( ! ,f9e ,arts2 & moreov]1 because--& we m5tion x z a fact no less s+ul> 9 itself ?an cr$itable to ! pap] 9 "q--t a celebrat$ weekly p]iodical be/[s especial patronage on bo?4 ,) reg>d to ,box+1 we are glad to see t a few patriotic individuals h ( late be5 endeav\r+ to revive ! ta/e = x2 & we h "s hope t _! ex]tions1 back$ by c]ta9 cases ( /abb+ :i* e n[ & !n occur1 w ev5tually prove successful4 ,b no "o c be f\nd to lab\r 9 an equal degree = ! advancem5t ( poetry4 ,our innate mode/y is prompt+ u to say1 t we fe> we c d b little 9 ! cause2 b e>ly impressions are kn[n to be v /rong & la/+3 & we h a notion t1 9 tea*+ y\? to make v]ses1 we %all 9 a great degree contribute to ! bre$+ up ( a race ( poets1 & !reby secure1 n only laurels1 at lea/1 = !m1 b also gratitude1 v5]ation1 & all t k9d ( ?+1 = ourselves4 ,we h a great respect = ! memory ( our old s*oolma/]2 not)/&+ :i*1 we ?9k we c beat him 7:i*1 we %all be told by ! wags1 w\ld be tit = tat7 at poet-mak+1 ?\gh1 inde$1 he 0 a magician 9 8 way4 8,i'll make !e a poet1 my boy10 he us$ to say1 8or ! rod %all40 ,let u try :at we c d4 ,a v]se consi/s ( a c]ta9 numb] & v>iety ( syllables1 put toge!r & arrang$ accord+ to c]ta9 laws4 ,v]ses be+ also call$ dulcet /ra9s1 h>moni\s numb]s1 tuneful lays1 & s =?1 x is cle> t su* comb9ation & arrangem5t mu/ be s made z to please ! e>4 ,v]sification is ! mak+ ( v]ses4 ,?is seems su* a truism z to be n wor? /at+2 b x is necess>y to def9e :at ,v]sification is1 because _m p suppose x to be ! same ?+ ) poetry4 ,we w prove t x is n4 8,mu* bus9ess 9 ! ,funds has lately be5 ,transact$ v>i\s moni$ m5 betwe52 ,?\gh speculation e>ly 9 ! week ,w5t sl[ly2 n\ght 0 done :]e( to speak4 ,! l>ge/ op]ations1 x 0 f\nd1 ,7 tw5ty-five & fifty ?\s& p\nd2 ,! =m] 9 r$uc$ ,annuities1 ,& 9 ! ,?ree p] ,c5ts4 ! la/ ( ^!40 ,we might proce$ 9 ! same /ra91 b we h already done eight v]ses )\t a p>ticle ( poetry 9 !m2 & we d n wi% to ov]:elm p ) pro(s ( :at a great _m w take ^u tru/4 ,e fool kn[s :at ,rhyme is2 s we ne$ n say any?+ ab\t t4 ,,( ,,poetical ,,feet4 ,poetical feet6 ,:y1 ,fanny ,elsl]'s feet & ,taglioni's feet are poetical feet--are !y n8 or else :at is meant by call+ danc+ ! ,poetry ( ,motion8 ,& _c ea* ( ^? arti/es boa/ ( a toe :i* is ! v ess5ce ( all poetry--a 8 ,no4 ,y may make v]ses on ,taglioni's feet1 7?\gh if %e be a poetess1 %e c d t bett] ?an y1 /&+1 too1 on "o leg1 l ! man t ,horace speaks (72 b y _c make !m ( h] feet4 ,feet ( :i* v]ses are compos$ are made ( syllables1 n ( bones1 muscles1 & ligam5ts4 ,feet & pauses are ! con/itu5t p>ts ( a v]se4 ,we h he>d "o boy ask ano!r1 :o 0 s++1 8,h[ mu* is t a y>d80 /ill ! y>d is n a poetical measure4 ,! feet :i* are us$ 9 poetry consi/ ei!r ( two or ( ?ree syllables4 ,!re are f\r k9ds ( feet ( two1 & an equal numb] ( ?ree syllables4 ,f\r & f\r are eight3 !re=e ,pegasus is an octop$2 & if our read]s d n und]/& ?is logic1 we are sorry = x4 ,b z t\*+ ! feet--we h #a4 ,! ,tro*ee1 :i* has ! fir/ syllable acc5t$1 & ! la/ unacc5t$3 z1 8,ynke dodl40 #b4 ,! ,iambus1 :i* has ! fir/ syllable unacc5t$1 & ! la/ acc5t$3 z1 8,? mid hrslf w? roge1 ls6 bdabs40 #c4 ,! ,spondee1 :i* has bo? ! words or syllables acc5t$3 z1 8ll hil1 grat kng1 ,tm ,?mb1 ll hal60 #d4 ,! ,pyrrhic1 :i* has bo? ! words or syllables unacc5t$3 z1 8n ? tree-top40 #e4 ,! ,dactyl1 :i* has ! fir/ syllable acc5t$ & ! two latt] unacc5t$3 z1 8,jn?n1 ,jffrsn40 #f4 ,! ,amphibra* has ! fir/ & la/ syllables unacc5t$ & ! middle "o acc5t$3 z1 8,o'rwelmng1 trnsprtd1 c/tc1 dlghtfl1 ccptd1 ddrsss40 #g4 ,! ,anap/ 7or z we us$ to say1 ,na/y-bea/7 has ! two fir/ syllables unacc5t$ & ! la/ acc5t$3 z1 8vrgrwn grndir40 #h4 ,! ,tribra* has all its syllables unacc5t$3 z1 8,matrmny1 exqust5ss40 ,^! feet are divid$ into pr9cipal feet1 out ( :i* pieces ( poetry may be :olly or *iefly =m$2 & second>y feet1 ! use ( :i* is to div]sify ! numb] & improve ! v]se4 ,we %all n[ proce$ to expla9 ! nature ( ! pr9cipal feet4 ,iambic v]ses are ( sev]al k9ds1 ea* k9d consi/+ ( a c]ta9 numb] ( feet or syllables4 #a4 ,! %orte/ =m ( ! ,engli% ,iambic consi/s ( an ,iambus1 ) an additional %ort syllable1 ?us co9cid+ ) ! ,amphibra*3 z1 8,:t1 ,ssn1 ,my beauty6 ,refuse "o ,s true t' ye8 ,?is ditty ,( sadness ,begs pity ,= madness40 #b4 ,! second =m ( ! ,engli% ,iambic consi/s ( two ,iambuses1 & sometimes takes an additional %ort syllable3 z1 8,my ee1 :t fn1 ,) dog & gun1 ,& song & %\t1 ,to roam ab\t6 ,& %oot our snipes6 ,& smoke our pipes6 ,or eat at ease1 ,b5ea? ! trees1 ,our bread & *eese6 ,to r\se ! h>e ,f gloomy lair2 ,to scale ! m\nta9 ,& =d ! f\nta91 ,:ile ru/ics wond] ,to he> our ?und]40 ,ev]ybody has he>d ( ! 8,cockney ,s*ool10 ( c\rse4 #c4 ,! ?ird =m consi/s ( ?ree ,iambuses3 z 9 ! foll[+ morceau1 ! au?or ( :i* is1 we regret to say1 unkn[n to u2 ?\gh we did once he> somebody say t x 0 a ,mr4 ,anon4 8,jck ,sprt at ll ? ft1 ,8 wife eat all ! lean1 ,& s betwe5 !m bo?1 ,!y lick'd ! platt] clean40 ,9 ?is v]se an additional %ort syllable is also admitt$3 z1 8lxs1 yo?fl plogh-by1 ,a %eph]dess ador$1 ,:o lov$ fat ,hodge1 ! c[-boy1 ,s t'o!r *ap 0 floor$40 #d4 ,! f\r? =m is made up ( f\r ,iambuses3 z1 8die my bots1 cmpnins ld1 ,new foot$ twice1 & f\r times sol$2 ,my foot/eps ye h gu>d$ long1 ,life's brambles1 ?orns1 & fl9ts among2 ,& n[ y're pa/ ! cobbl]'s art1 ,& ,fate decl>es t we mu/ "p4 ,ah me6 :at cordial c re/ore ,! gap+ pat* repat*'d be=e8 ,:at heal+ art r5ew ! weal ,( subject s infirm ( heel8 ,:at potion1 pill1 or draught control ,s deep an ulc] ( ! sole80 #e4 ,! fif? species ( ,engli% ,iambic consi/s ( five ,iambuses3 z1 8,cme1 ,trgc ,mse1 n tttr'd v/ rry'd1 ,& :ile ?r\gh blood1 & mud1 & crimes ,i wade1 ,support my /eps1 & ?is1 my /ra91 inspire ,) ,horror's blacke/ ?\ghts & blue/ fire60 ,! ,epic ( :i* ! above example is ! op5+1 w p]haps appe> h]eaft]4 ,?is k9d ( ,iambic con/itutes :at is call$ ! ,h]oic measure3--( :i* we %all h m to say by & by2 b %all only rem>k at pres5t t x1 9 common ) mo/ ( ! ord9>y ,engli% measures1 is susceptible ( _m v>ieties1 by ! admission ( o!r feet1 z ,tro*ees1 ,dactyls1 ,anap/s1 c4 #f4 ,our ,iambic 9 its six? =m1 is commonly call$ ! ,alex&r9e measure4 ,x consi/s ( six ,iambuses3 z1 8,hs wr%p gve ? wrd1 nd ,snoks ws brne wy40 ,! ,alex&r9e is sometimes introduc$ into h]oic rhyme1 & :5 us$1 z ! late ,mr4 ,john ,reeve 0 wont to say1 8) a little mod]ation10 occasions an agreeable v>iety4 ,?us1 ! example quot$ is prec$$ by ! foll[+ l9es3-- 8,:at6 f\nd at midnight ) a d>key1 lit1 ,a bull-dog1 jemmy1 screw1 & c5tre-bit ,& tongueless ( 8 aim8 ,x _c be ,b he 0 b5t1 at lea/1 on felony2 ,he /&s rem&$4 #8,ho6 ,policeman ,a6' ,8 ,wor%ip gave ! ^w1 & ,snooks 0 borne away40 #g4 ,! sev5? & la/ =m ( our ,iambic measure is made up ( sev5 ,iambuses4 ,?is species ( v]se has be5 immortalis$ by ! adoption ( ^? em95t h&s1 ,messrs4 ,/]nhold & ,hopk9s4 ,x runs ?us3-- 8,gd popl ll1 pry drw nar1 fr yu neds m/ tll1 ,t ,william ,br[n is dead & gone2 ! man y knew full well4 ,a broad brimm'd hat1 black bree*es1 & an old ,wel* wig he wore3 ,& n[ & !n a long br[n coat all button'd up be=e40 ,! pres5t measure is z admirably adapt$ = ! ,plat=m z = ! ,conv5ticle4 8,my "n x is ,bill ,scrogg9s1 & my fate x is to die1 ,= ,i 0 at ! ,sessions tri$ & ca/ = felony4 ,my fri5ds1 to ^! my dy+ words ,i pray att5tion l5d1 ,! public-h\se has br\ght me unto ?is untimely end40 ,v]ses ( ?is k9d are n[ usually brok5 into two l9es1 ) f\r feet 9 ! fir/ l9e1 & ?ree 9 ! second3 z1 8 w% wre lttl pig ,to wall[ 9 ! mire1 ,to eat1 & dr9k1 & sleep at ease ,is all t ,i desire40 ,tro*aic v]se is ( sev]al k9ds4 #a4 ,! %orte/ ,tro*aic v]se 9 ! ,engli% language consi/s ( "o ,tro*ee & a long syllable3 z1 8,blly ,blck ,got ! sack40 ,l9dley ,murray ass]ts t ?is measure is defective 9 dignity1 & c seldom be us$ on s]i\s occasions4 ,yet x is ,pope :o ?us s+s3 8,dreadful screams1 ,dismal gleams4 ,fires t gl[1 ,%rieks ( woe10 c4 ,& = our own poor "p1 let u see :at we c make out ( a /orm4 8,see ! cl\ds ,l to %r\ds ,all s dun1 ,hide ! ,sun2 ,daylight dies2 ,w9ds arise2 ,song/]s quake1 ',mid/ ! brake2 ,%eph]ds beat ,swift retreat3 8,lo y !re6 ,high 9 air ,:irlw9ds snat* ,tiles & ?at*6 ,/eeple nods6 ,oh6 ye ,gods6 ,h>k6--t bang6-- ,braz5 clang6 ,!re ! bell ,?und'r+ fell6 ,?und] rolls-- ,save our s\ls6-- ,welk9 gl>es-- ,lightn+ fl>es1 ,:ile x splits ,oak to bits-- ,hail comes d[n-- ,oh1 my cr[n6 ,patt] crack6 ,clatt] :ack6 ,h[ x p\rs6 ,ocean ro>s1 ,e>? replies-- ,m9d y\r eyes-- ,"h's a cave-- ,oh6 t's brave6 ,graci\s ,p[]s ,safety's ours60 #b4 ,! second ,engli% =m ( ! ,tro*aic consi/s ( two feet3 z1 8,vrmcll1 ,crrnt jlly40 ,x sometimes conta9s two feet1 or tro*ees1 ) an additional long syllable3 z1 8,yo? ncln$ t wd1 ,g & %ave ?y head40 #c4 ,! ?ird species consi/s ( ?ree tro*ees3 z1 8,sng song f sxpnce40 or ( ?ree tro*ees1 ) an additional long syllable3 z1 8,?rce my cat1 hve 'er ?e rll'd1 ,summ] hot & w9t] cold1 ,s9ce ! ,snip's creative art ,into be+ bade !e />t2 8,n[ l works ! mo/ sublime1 ,?\ display'/ ! p[] ( ,"t4 ,broad grey pat*es pla9ly trace1 ,"r & left ea* blade-bone's place2 ,:5 ?y %9+ coll>'s scann'd1 ,pun/]s ?9k on classic l&3 ,?read-b>e sleeves ?9e age proclaim1 ,elb[s worn ann\nce ! same2 ,elb[s m\ldy-black ( hue1 ,save :]e :ite a crack %9es ?r\gh2 ,:ile ?y p>t+ seams decl>e ,?\'rt unfit = f>!r we>-- ,!n1 f>ewell6 8,:at6 ,moses6 ho60 8,clo'1 ,sir8 clo'1 ,sir8 clo'1 ,sir8 clo'80 #d4 ,! f\r? ,tro*aic species consi/s ( f\r tro*ees3 z1 8gh6 yu lttl lmp f blbbr1 ,sleep1 oh6 sleep 9 quiet1 d6 ,cease a:ile y\r bib to slobb]-- ,cease y\r bottle m\? to screw4 8,h[ ,i wi% y\r eyelids nev] ,w\ld unclose aga9 at all2 ,= ,i "k z soon z ev] ,y're awake1 y're sure to squall4 8,dad & ,mammy's d>l+ honey1 ,tomb-/one *]ub1 /uff'd ) slops1 ,let ea* noodle1 dolt1 & spooney ,smack1 :o w1 y\r pudd+ *ops4 8,z = me1 z soon ,i'd smo!r1 ,z ,i'd dr[n a suck+ cat1 ,y1 y cub1 or any o!r ,na/y little squall+ brat40 ,illu/ration3 8,w\ld y1 y disagreeable old ,ba*elor80 ,?is =m may take an additional long syllable1 b ?is measure is v uncommon4 ,example3 8,*rnnhtn?lgs ? ,grat1 ,godlike 9 a b>r[ kept 8 /ate40 #e4 ,! fif? ,tro*aic species is likewise uncommon2 &1 z a ,b[bellian w\ld say1 8uncommon0 ugly4 ,x conta9s five tro*ees3 z1 8,hre les ,mry1 wfe f ,?ms ,crtr1 ,:o to typhus fev] prov$ a m>tyr40 ,^! are a specim5 ( ! 8unc\? rhymes0 s t\*+ly allud$ to by ,gray4 #f4 ,! six? =m ( ! ,engli% ,tro*aic is a l9e ( six tro*ees3 z1 8,m/ bwt*ng dmsl1 ch>mng rbll1 ,pri!e1 ca/ an eye ( pity on a fell[40 ,! ,dactylic measure is extremely uncommon4 ,! foll[+ may be consid]$ an example ( "o species ( x3 8,cli ? crl1 rslv'd nt t mrry son1 ,boa/s ( a he>t l a =tifi$ g>rison1 ,bulw>ks & battlem5ts keep+ ! beaux all (f1 ,%ot f )9 knock+ lov]s l foes all (f40 ,anap/ic v]ses are ( v>i\s k9ds4 #a4 ,! %orte/ anap/ic v]se is a s+le anap/3 z1 8n ? glss ,!re's an ass40 ,?is measure1 aft] all1 is ambigu\s2 = if ! /ress ( ! voice be laid on ! fir/ & ?ird syllables1 x becomes tro*aic4 ,p]haps1 !re=e1 x is be/ to consid] ! fir/ =m ( our ,anap/ic v]se1 z made up ( two anap/s3 z1 8,st s*olby t wrk ,) a knife & a =k40 ,& "h1 if y l1 y may h ano!r %ort syllable3 z1 8nd hw son ? yong glttn ,w a/oni% y\r mutton60 #b4 ,! second species consi/s ( ?ree anap/s3 z1 8mrlls ws slndr nd tll1 ,col9 ,clodpole 0 dumpy & fat2 ,& ?o' %e did'n't l him at all1 ,yet he dot$ on h] = all t40 ,?is metre is sometimes donom9at$ s+-song4 #c4 ,! ?ird k9d ( ,engli% ,anap/ics may be v well exemplifi$ by an ,iri% song3 8,hve yu 'er hd ? lck t se ,dnnybrok ,fir80 ,x consi/s1 z w h be5 obs]v$1 ( f\r anap/s4 ,sometimes x admits ( a %ort syllable at ! end ( ! v]se3 z1 8n ? dad f ? nght1 :n w? dre ctrwulng ,( grimalk9s 9 *orus ! h\se-tops res\nd2 ,all ins5sibly drunk1 & unconsci\sly sprawl+ ,9 ! k5nel1 h[ pleasant x is to be f\nd60 ,! v>i\s specim5s ( v]sification ( :i* examples h be5 giv51 may be improv$ & v>i$ by ! admission ( second>y feet into _! composition2 b z we are n writ+ an ,art ( ,poetry1 we _c af=d to %[ h[3 p>ticul>ly z ! only way1 aft] all1 ( acquir+ a real k ( ! /ructure ( ,engli% v]se1 is by ext5sive read+4 ,besides1 !re yet rema9 a few ,directions = ,poetical ,beg9n]s1 :i* we feel ourselves call$ ^u to give1 & = :i*1 if we d n take c>e1 we %all n h room4 ,! comm5cem5t ( a poet's c>e] is usually ! writ+ ( nons5se v]ses4 ,! nons5se ( ^! compositions is v (t5 un9t5tional2 b sometimes words are put toge!r av[$ly )\t reg>d to s5se1 & ) no o!r view ?an t ( acquir+ a famili>ity ) metrical arrangem5t3 z1 8,approa*1 disda91 involunt>y1 tell40 ,b ?is is dry "w4 ,x may be necess>y to compose 9 ?is way j at fir/1 b 9 our op9ion1 !re is a good & a bad ta/e to be display$ ev5 9 writ+ nons5se v]ses2 t is1 v]ses :i* really des]ve t "n4 ,we recomm5d ! "y poet to make x 8 aim to r5d] 8 nons5se z ,,p]fect z possible4 ,he w f9d _m bright examples to foll[ 9 ! _w ( lit]ature3 b p]haps1 = ! pres5t1 he w put up ) our own4 8,conclusive t5d]ness2 frat]nal grog1 ,tidy conjunction2 adamant9e bog1 ,impetu\s1 arrant toad/ool2 ,?und]+ qu9ce1 ,rep5tant dog-/>1 iness5tial ,pr9ce ,exp\nd4 ,pre-,adamite ev5tful gun1 ,cru% retribution1 currant-jelly1 pun4 ,oh6 eligible ,d>kness1 f5d]1 /+ ,heav'n-born ,insanity1 c\rage\s ?+4 ,int5d+1 b5d+1 sc\r+1 pi]c+ all1 ,dea? l pomatum1 tea1 & crabs mu/ fall40 ,a v good me?od ( mak+ nons5se v]ses1 consi/s 9 tak+ bits1 select$ "h & !re at r&om1 out ( "s p>ticul> poet1 or phrases 9 8 /yle1 & !n putt+ !m toge!r ) a few additions ( y\r own secundm artem4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 x answ]s v well to copy a page or s ( an au?or ^w = ^w4 ,nons5se v]ses compos$ 9 ?is mann]1 =m n only a b5eficial ex]cise1 b are also v useful = ins]tion 9 "y ladies' albums2 z !y c be made )\t mu* tr\ble1 & :5 made1 are n only ?\ght j z well ( z ! mo/ s5sible productions w\ld be1 b v (t5 cri$ ov] into ! b>ga91 z affect+ & pa!tic4 ,,example4 ,,! ,,ocean ,,w&]]4 8,bright breaks ! w>rior o'er ! ocean wave ,?r\gh realms t rove n1 cl\ds t _c save1 ,s9ks 9 ! sun%9e2 dazzles o'er ! tomb1 ,& mocks ! mut9y ( ,memory's gloom4 ,oh6 :o c feel ! crimson ec/asy ,t soo!s ) bick]+ j> ! ,glori\s ,free8 ,o'er ! high rock ! foam ( gladness ?r[s1 ,:ile />-beams lull ,vesuvius to repose3 ,girds ! :ite spray1 & 9 ! blue lagoon1 ,weeps l a walrus o'er ! wan+ moon8 ,:o c decl>e8--n ?\1 p]vad+ boy ,:om pibro*s pi]ce n1 cry/als _c cloy2-- ,n ?\1 s(t ,ar*itect ( silv]y gleams1 ,^: s\l w\ld simm] 9 ,hesp]ian /reams1 ,?' exhau/less fire--! bosom's azure bliss1 ,t hurtles1 life-l1 o'er a sc5e l ?is2-- ,defies ! di/ant agony ( ,day-- ,& sweeps o'er hecatombs--away6 away6 ,say1 %all ,de/ruction's lava load ! gale1 ,! furnace quiv]1 & ! m\nta9 quail8 ,say1 %all ! son ( ,sympa?y pret5d ,8 c$> fragrance ) our ,*ief's to bl5d8 ,!re1 :]e ! gn>l$ monum5ts ( s& ,h[l _! d>k :irlw9ds to ! lev9 br&2 ,:]e avalan*es wail1 & gre5 ,di/ress ,sweeps o'er ! pallid beak ( lovel9ess3 ,:]e melan*oly ,sulphur holds h] sway2 ,& cliffs ( ,consci5ce tremble1 & obey2 ,& :]e ,t>t>ean rattle-snakes expire1 ,twi/+ l t5drils ( a h]o's pyre8 ,no6 danc+ 9 ! meteor's hall ( p[]1 ,see1 ,g5ius pond]s o'er ,affection's t[]6 ,a =m ( ?und'r+ import so>s on high1 ,h>k6 'tis ! gore ( infant melody3 ,no m %all v]dant ,innoc5ce amuse ,! lips t dea?-fraught ,indignation glues2-- ,tempe/s %all tea* ! trackless tide ( ?\ght1 ,t undi/+ui%'d s5selessness is n\ght3 ,fre$om %all gl>e2 & oh6 ye l9ks div9e1 ,! ,poet's he>t %all quiv] 9 ! br9e40 ,suppose we try ano!r metre4 8,! ,_s saw & smil$1 ,& an int]m9able radiance gl[$ ,?r\gh\t h] lucid frame2 ,!re rose )9 h] s\l ,a wild unspeakable intellig5ce1 ,a sweet & g5tle light1 ,:i* ?r\gh h] eyes 9 c\ntless fla%es %one ,intol]ably bright2 ,l to an inf9ite multitude ( />s ,gemm+ ! ar* ( ,heav52 ,or1 r1 l ! %9+ balls t come ,out ( a ,roman c&le40 ,h[ev]1 we are n q sure t1 ) ! exception ( ! two la/ l9es1 we h n quot$ ! re/ ( ! =ego+ example f memory4 ,x 7 manife/ly culpable to make no m5tion1 9 a "w ( ?is sort1 ( c]ta9 measures :i* are especially & ess5tially ( a comic nature4 ,"s ( ^! h be5 already adv]t$ to1 b two pr9cipal v>ieties yet rema9 to be consid]$4 #a4 ,measures tak5 f ! ,lat91 9 :i* ! /ructure ( ! anci5t v]se1 z f> z ! numb] & arrangem5t ( ! feet are conc]n$1 is pres]v$1 b ! quantity ( :i* is regulat$ 9 accordance ) ! _s ( our own language4 ,! "* ( su* v]ses w be be/ display$ by employ+ !m on s5tim5tal or s]i\s subjects4 ,take1 = example1 ,long & ,%ort1 or ,hexamet] & ,p5tamet] v]ses4 8,jl1 grl f my hert1 s ?n jssmne swetr1 r fr% mads ,hy-cvr'd2 :t rse tnts ?se n hr *eks1 ?t flur%1 ,approa*8 ^? bright eyes1 :at />s1 :at glitt]+ dew-drops8 ,& oh6 :at ,p>ian m>ble1 or sn[1 t bosom8 ,if %e my love return1 :at bliss w be great] ?an m9e2 b ,:at m deep sadness if %e reprove my passion8 ,ei!r a bridegroom pr\d yon ivy-clad *ur* %all receive me ,soon2 or ! cold *ur*-y>d me ) its turf %all cov]40 ,or ! ,sapphic metre1 ( :i* ! late ,mr4 ,cann+'s 8,knife-,gr9d]0 is s brilliant an example4 ,sappho1 fair read]1 0 a poetess1 :o made love-v]ses :i* c\ld be actually scann$4 ,hi/ory relates t1 = ! sake ( "s unpr9cipl$ or unfeel+ fell[1 %e committ$ felo de se4 8#8 cn ndre ?s crl p9 n lngr2 ,f>e ye well1 blue skies1 riv]s1 fields1 & song-birds6' ,?us ! y\? spoke3 & add+1 #8,oh1 ,jemima6' ,plung$ 9 ! bill[60 ,illu/ration #b4 ,measures r$ucible to no rule1 or ,doggrel4 ,/]nhold & ,hopk9s1 ( :om su* hon\rable m5tion has be5 made above1 7 illu/ri\s z ,doggrel writ]s4 ,!y h be5 some:at eclips$1 h[ev]1 by _! mod]n successors1 ,ni*olas ,brady & ,nahum ,tate1 :o may1 p]haps1 be safely pron\nc$ ! *ief ( un9spir$ b>ds4 ,orig9al compos]s 9 ?is description ( v]se are (t5 n mu* m p>ticul> ab\t ,syntax1--& we might add ,or?ography1--?an !y are ab\t ,prosody4 ,! foll[+ extract f an unpubli%$ satire on ! s++ ( a c\ntry cat*-club1 is a tol]ably fair specim5 ( ,engli% ,doggrel3-- 8,a g5tleman1 :o 0 pass+ by1 ,0 v mu* amaz$ at :at !y 7 go+ to try1 ,said1 #8,he> _! voices1 h[ !y s+1 ,h[ badly !y all *ime 96' ,aft] su* s++1 :at d y ?9k ( u1 ,to s5d =? s\nds ( mir?fulness80 ,doggrel is commonly us$ by anonym\s poets = ! purpose ( embody+ ! moral reflections :i* a homicide or an execution excites 9 ! s5sitive m9d4 ,x is likewise ! metre 9 :i* ! imag9ative semp/ress p\rs =? ! feel+s ( h] bosom4 ,may we hope t our rem>ks on ,prosody w 9 "s little degree t5d to facilitate1 p]haps to improve1 ! future treatm5t ( ^? two deeply int]e/+ subjects--,love & ,murd]8 ,illu/ration ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,punctuation4 8,m9d y\r /ops40 ,?is is "o ( ! e>lie/ maxims inculcat$ by ! in/ructors ( y\?4 ,h5ce x is cle> t ! subject ( ,punctuation is an important "o2 b inasmu* z ! read]1 :o has arriv$ at ! pres5t page1 has ei!r n und]/ood a ^w t he has be5 read+1 or else kn[s z mu* ab\t ! matt] z we c tell him1 we fe> t a long diss]tation conc]n+ p]iods1 commas1 & s on1 w\ld only s]ve to emb>rass 8 progress 9 le>n+ ) useless ,,/ops4 ,we %all1 !re=e1 conf9e ourselves to t notice ( ,punctuation1 & t only1 :i* ! peculi> nature ( our "w may require4 ,fir/1 x may be rem>k$1 t ! notes ( admiration :i* we s (t5 he> 9 !atres1 may be call$ notes ( h&4 ,secondly1 t notes ( int]rogation are n at all l bank notes2 al?\gh !y are l>gely utt]$ 9 ,banco ,reg94 ,let u n[ proce$ ) our subject4 ,x is bo? absurd & inconv5i5t to /& ^u po9ts4 ,illu/ration ,( h[ mu* consequ5ce1 h[ev]1 ,punctuation is1 ! /ud5t may =m "s idea1 by consid]+ ! diff]5t effects :i* a piece ( poetry1 = in/ance1 :i* he has be5 accu/om$ to reg>d z sublime or beautiful1 w h1 :5 lib]ties are tak5 ) x 9 t respect4 ,imag9e an actor comm5c+ ,hamlet's fam\s soliloquy1 ?us3-- 8,to be2 or n to be t is4 ,! "q10 c4 ,or say+1 9 ! p]son ( ,duncan1 9 ,macbe?3 8,?is ca/le ha? a pleasant seat1 ! air40 ,or z ! usurp] himself1 exclaim+1 8,! devil damn !e black1 ?\ cream-fac$ loon6 ,:]e got'/ ?\ t goose8 ,look60 ,illu/ration ,cry+1 z ,romeo1 8,x is my lady ,o6 ,x is my love60 ,or 9 ! "* ( ,norval1 9 ! trag$y ( ,d\glas1 giv+ ?is acc\nt ( himself & 8 orig93 8,my "n is ,norval4 ,on ! ,grampian hills ,my fa!r fe$s40 ,9 %ort1 ,punctuation is ! s\l ( ,gramm>1 z ,punctuality is t ( bus9ess4 ,p]haps somebody or o!r may take advantage ( :at we h said1 to prove bo? ,punctuation & ,punctuality immat]ial4 ,no matt]4 ,h[ v punctual ! pres5t ,m9i/]s are6 h[ well !y keep _! appo9tm5ts6 ,we h n[ said z mu* z we ?9k x necess>y to say on ! head ( ,engli% ,gramm>4 ,we %all conclude our lab\rs ) an 8,address to ,"y ,/ud5ts20 & z to ! "q1 :at t has to d ) our subject1 we %all leave x to be settl$ by ,l9dley ,murray1 ^: example1 9 ?is respect1 we foll[4 ,all we %all obs]ve is1 t 9 our op9ion1 advice conc]n+ mann]s /&s 9 ! same relation to a ,comic ,engli% ,gramm>1 z in/ruction 9 morals does to a ,s]i\s "o4 ,= ! rem>ks :i* x w n[ be our bus9ess to make1 we bespeak ! indulg5ce ( our eld] read]s1 & ! att5tion ( su* z are ( t5d] age4 ,,address ,,to ,,"y ,,/ud5ts4 ,,"y ,,g5tlem51 ,hav+ att5tively p]us$ ! =ego+ pages1 y w be desir\s1 x is to be presum$1 ( c>ry+ /ill fur!r ^? comical pursuits 9 :i*1 ) bo? pleasure & pr(it to y\rselves1 y h be5 lately engag$4 ,%\ld su* be y\r laudable int5tion1 y w le>n1 ) feel+s ( lively satisfaction1 t x is "o1 9 ! accompli%m5t ( :i*1 ?anks to ,mod]n ,ta/e1 y w f9d enc\ragem5t at e /ep4 ,! lit]ature ( ! day is pr(ess$ly comic1 & ( ! few works :i* are n made ludicr\s by ! design ( _! au?ors1 ! majority are r5d]$ s 9 spite ( x4 ,9 ! c\rse ( y\r read+1 h[ev]1 y w be frequ5tly br\ght into contact ) hackney-coa*m51 cabm51 lackeys1 turnkeys1 ?ieves1 lawy]s' cl]ks1 m$ical /ud5ts1 & o!r p ( t description1 :o are all v amus+ :5 prop]ly view$1 z ! monkeys & su* l animals at ! ,zoological ,g>d5s are1 :5 y look at !m ?r\gh ! b>s ( _! cage4 ,b too great famili>ity ) p]sons ( ?is class is sure to bre$ contempt1 n = !m & _! mann]s1 b = ! usages & modes ( expression adopt$ 9 p>l\rs & draw+-rooms1 t is to say1 9 good society4 ,nay1 x is v likely to cause ^? :o indulge 9 x to le>n v>i\s tricks & ecc5tricities1 bo? ( behavi\r & spee*1 = 8,x is c]ta91 t ei!r wise be>+ or ignorant c>riage is caught1 z m5 take diseases1 "o ( ano!r40 ,%aksp]e4 ,beset ?us1 z y w necess>ily be1 by p]ils & dang]s 9 y\r w&]+s amid ! fields ( ,comicality1 y w d]ive great advantage f kn[+ be=e-h& :at y are likely to meet )1 & :at x w be incumb5t on y to avoid4 ,x is to furni% y ) ?is in=mation t ! foll[+ h9ts & in/ructions are int5d$4 ,be c>eful1 :5 y he> y\rself call$ by "n1 to reply 8,"h ,i am10 & n 8,"h y are10 an error into :i* y are v likely to be l$ by ! p]usal ( exi/+ au?ors4 ,:5 y p>take1 if x be y\r habit to d s1 ( ! bev]age call$ port]1 dr9k x z y w\ld wat]1 or any o!r liquid4 ,d n w9k y\r eye1 or nod sideways to y\r companion2 su* actions1 especially :5 prec$$ by bl[+ away ! foam :i* collects on ! top ( ! vessel1 be+ exce$+ly inelegant3 & 9 ord] t y may n be incommod$ by ?is foam or fro?1 always p\r ! fluid g5tly into a tumbl]1 in/ead ( dr9k+ x out ( ! metallic tank>d 9 :i* x is usually br\ght to y4 ,9 ask+ = malt liquor g5]ally1 nev] reque/ ! wait] to 8draw x mild20 & d n1 on any occasion1 be guilty ( us+ ! same phrase 9 a metaphorical s5se1 t is to say1 z a sub/itute1 = 8,d x quietly40 8,be g5tle10 & ! l4 ,nev] exhort "y ladies1 dur+ a quadrille1 to 8fake away10 or to 8fl>e up10 = !y1 be+ unacqua9t$ ) ! mean+ ( su* t]ms1 w naturally conclude t x is an improp] "o4 ,call all articles ( dress by _! prop] names4 ,:at delight c be f\nd by a ?9k+ m9d 9 designat+ a hat z a tile1 tr\s]s1 kickseys1 a neck]*ief1 a fogle1 or a *ok]2 or a great coat1 an upp] ,b5jam98 ,& nev] speak ( clo!s1 collectively1 z togs or togg]y4 ,avoid inquiries aft] ! heal? ( ano!r p]son's "m1 us+ t ^w synonym\sly ) ,mamma1 to d5ote a female p>5t4 ,?\gh y may be really innoc5t ( any int5tion to be rude1 y\r motives may v possibly be miscon/ru$4 ,rememb]1 also1 on no acc\nt to put que/ions1 ei!r to fri5ds or /rang]s1 respect+ ! quantity ( soap 9 _! possession4 ,%\ld x be necess>y = y to speak ( "s "o smok+ tobacco1 d n call t sub/ance a we$1 or ! act ( us+ x 8bl[+ a cl\d40 ,:5 an acqua9tance pays y a visit1 take c>e1 9 ris+ to receive him1 n to appe> to be wa%+ y\r h&s1 &1 %\ld y be engag$ 9 writ+ at ! "t1 place y\r p5 on ! table1 or 9 ! ink/&1 & n beh9d y\r e>4 ,obs]ve1 :5 y\r tailor comes to measure y1 ! way 9 :i* he we>s 8 hair1 & %\ld y\r own /yle 9 ?is p>ticul> un=tunately resemble 81 be sure to alt] x imm$iately4 ,nev] dance la cuis9ire1 t is to say1 d n cut cap]s4 ,es*ew l>ge %irt p9s4 ,be n guilty ( pat5t lea!r boots4 ,nev] say 8,ma'am0 or 8,miss10 9 address+ a "y lady4 ,if y _c contrive to speak to h] )\t do+ s1 say no?+4 ,9 conv]sation1 especially 9 female society1 bew>e ( indulg+ 9 jocose expressions1 or witticisms1 on ! subject ( executions4 ,if x be necess>y to rem>k t su* & su* a p]son expiat$ 8 crimes on ! scaffold1 cont5t y\rself ) simply m5tion+ ! circum/ance1 & d n make any attempt to illu/rate y\r mean+ by dropp+ y\r head on y\r "r %\ld]1 & j]k+ up y\r neckclo? "u y\r left e>4 ,nev]1 "u any circum/ances1 let ! abbreviation 8g5t40 = g5tleman1 escape ! enclosure ( y\r tee?4 ,above all ?+s1 = ! sake ( :atev] y hold mo/ de>1 nev] say 8me & ano!r g5t40 ,x may happ51 t a y\?ful acqua9tance may s f> =get himself z to talk ( giv+ ano!r 8monkey's all[ance1 m kicks ?an half-p5ce40 ,y1 ( c\rse1 w nev] dream ( giv+ utt]ance to su* language1 nor w any inducem5t1 x is to be hop$1 ev] prevail ^u y to say1 z an un?9k+ "y fri5d once did1 he>+ ! above ?reat made1 8t y pref] kicks 7mean+ !reby sixp5ces7 to half-p5ce40 ,9 g5]al avoid all l[ wit4 ,:5 y receive a co9 ( any k9d1 deposit x at once 9 y\r pocket1 )\t ! ne$less prelim9>y ( furl+ x 9 ! air4 ,nev] ask a g5tleman h[ mu* he has a-ye>4 ,9 speak+ ( a p]son ( y\r own age1 or ( an eld]ly g5tleman1 d n say1 ,old ,s-&-,s1 b ,s-&-s1 or ,mr4 ,s-&-s1 z ! case may be3 & h no nicknames = ea* o!r4 ,we 7 mu* horrifi$ n long s9ce1 by he>+ a great co>se fell[1 9 a lea!rn hat & fu/ian jacket1 exclaim1 turn+ r\nd to 8 companion1 8,n[1 !n1 come along1 old ,blokey60 ,:5 y h got a cold 9 ! head & weak eyes1 d n g & call on "y ladies4 ,d n eat gravy ) a knife1 = fe> ^? ab\t y %\ld suppose y to be go+ to commit suicide4 ,9 (f]+ to help a p]son at d9n]1 d n say1 8,all[ me to assi/ y40 ,:5 y ask p :at w9e !y w take1 nev] say1 8,:at'll y h80 or1 8,:at'll y d x 980 ,if y are talk+ to a cl]gyman ab\t ano!r memb] ( ! cl]ical pr(ession1 adopt "s o!r me?od ( describ+ 8 avocation ?an t ( say+1 8,i believe he is 9 y\r l9e40 ,d n recomm5d an omelet to a lady1 z a good article4 ,be cauti\s n to use ! initial lett] ( a p]son's surname1 9 m5tion+ or 9 address+ him4 ,= in/ance1 nev] ?9k ( say+1 8,mrs4 ,hobbs1 pray1 h[ is ,mr4 ,h480 ,we "h approa* ! conclusion ( our lab\rs4 ,"y g5tlem51 once m x is e>ne/ly reque/$ t y w give y\r c>eful att5tion to ! rules & admonitions :i* h be5 above laid d[n = y\r guidance4 ,we might h giv5 a great _m m2 b we hope t ! _s ( our in/ructions w enable ! dilig5t y\? to supply1 by obs]vation & reflection1 t :i*1 = obvi\s reasons1 we h necess>ily left unsaid4 ,& n[ we bid y f>ewell4 ,t y may nev] h ! mis=tune ( ent]+1 ) spla%$ boots1 a draw+-room full ( ladies2 t y may nev]1 hav+ be5 engag$ 9 a brawl on ! previ\s ev5+1 meet1 ) a black eye1 ! object ( y\r affections ! next morn+2 t y may nev]1 9 a mom5t ( agitation1 omit ! aspirate1 or use x :5 y ought n2 t y\r laundress may always d ju/ice to y\r l952 & y\r tailor make y\r clo!s well1 & s5d !m home 9 due "t2 t y\r braces may nev] give way dur+ a waltz2 t y may nev]1 sitt+ 9 a /rong light at a l>ge d9n]-p>ty1 sudd5ly rememb] t y h n %av$ = two days2 t y\r h&s & face may ev] be free f tan1 *aps1 freckles1 pimples1 br&y-blossoms1 & all o!r disfigurem5ts2 t y may nev] be ei!r inelegantly fat1 or ridicul\sly lean2 & f9ally1 t y may always h pl5ty to eat1 pl5ty to dr9k1 & pl5ty to laugh at1 we e>ne/ly & s9c]ely wi%4 ,& %\ld y\r lot 9 life be o!r ?an =tunate1 we c only say1 t we advise y to be> x ) pati5ce2 to cultivate ,comic ,philosophy2 & to look ^u y\r tr\bles z a joke4 ,illu/ration3 ,,vivat ,,reg9a6 ,,! ,,end4 ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,samuel ,,b5tley1 ,,bangor ,,h\se1 ,,%oe ,,lane4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,x may be said t ,pun* is a =eign importation4 ,true2 & ! same ass]tion may be made respect+ ! dr9k ( t "n1 ! +r$i5ts ( :i* are all exotic1 except ! wat]3 nev]!less ! peculi> fondness ( our c\ntrym5 = x w h>dly on t acc\nt be que/ion$4 ,b ! real fact is1 t !re is no?+ outl&i% ab\t ,pun* except ! "n1 & ev5 t has be5 ,anglicis$4 ,we are prov]bial = improv+ on ! inv5tions ( o!r nations1 b we h done m ?an improve ^u ,pun*2 we h entirely remodell$ 8 "*2 & he is n[ no m an ,italian ?an ! desc5dant ( "o :o came 9 ) ! ,conqu]or is a ,norman4 ,! correctness ( ?is position w be f\nd to be s+ul>ly borne out on a p]usal ( t celebrat$ "w1 8,pun* & ,judy20 9 :i* 7no d\bt f unavoidable circum/ances7 ! dialogues 7 actually tak5 d[n f ! m\? ( an ,italian1 "o ,picc9i1 an it9]ant exhibitor ( ! drama4 ,! book is1 or ought to be1 9 ev]ybody's h&s4 ,/ill1 let any "o ref] to t p>ticul> "p ( x1 &1 provid$ t 8 ta/e is a correct "o1 he w n fail to be /ruck ) ! det]iorat+ effect :i* ,signor ,picc9i's brok5 ,engli% & ,italian loquacity h produc$ on ! _s ( ! orig9al4 ,no?+ is m *>act]i/ic ( ! real ,mr4 ,pun* ?an ! laconic mann] 9 :i* he expresses himself1 & no?+ at ! same "t is m ,engli%4 ,z to ! embelli%m5ts ( 8 disc\rse1 introduc$ by ,picc9i1 !y are ab\t z appropriate & admirable z ,colley ,cibb]'s improvem5ts on ,ri*>d ! ,?ird4 #b ,see ,w>r5's 8,ode to ,kitty ( ,%oe ,lane10 ,adv]tisem5ts1 ,london ,press1 passim4