,,h9ts ,,on ,,*eese-,,mak+1 ,,= ,,! ,,dairyman1 ,,! ,,factoryman1 ,,& ,,! ,,manufactur]4 ,,by ,t4 ,d4 ,,curtis4 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,rob]ts1 ,,pr9t]1 ,,morn+ ,,h]ald ,,e/abli%m5t4 #ahgj4 ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #ahfi1 by ,,?omas ,,day ,,curtis1 ,9 ! ,cl]k's ,(fice ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,nor!rn ,di/rict ( ,new ,york4 ,,introductory4 ,! foll[+ pages comprise ! s]ies ( articles :i* appe>$1 dur+ ! la/ season1 9 ! columns ( ! ,,utica ,,morn+ & ,,weekly ,,h]ald4 ,x is n claim$ t !y exhau/ ! sev]al que/ions discuss$2 b x is believ$ t !y con/itute ! mo/ practical treatise on *eese-mak+ t has yet appe>$1 & t !y embrace ! lead+ features & indicate ! m advanc$ me?ods ( ! art z practic$ by ! be/ manufactur]s4 ,e exp]i5c$ *eese-mak] may f9d some?+ 9 !m to object to & criticise1 z !re is div]sity ( op9ion on _m1 z yet1 n def9itely settl$ que/ions4 ,! writ] w\ld n *eck hone/ & intellig5t criticism1 if he c\ld1 b1 on ! contr>y1 enc\rage x4 ,nor w\ld he h o!rs adopt any ( ! sugge/ions1 me?ods or practices h]e9 m5tion$1 if !y ?9k !y h bett] ( _! own4 ,he w\ld r /imulate indep5d5t ?\ght & action1 & urge ea* to obs]ve closely1 exp]im5t ?or\ghly1 & be guid$ by 8 own exp]i5ce4 ,beg9n]s1 )\t a complete k ( all ! bran*es ( *eese-mak+1 x is believ$1 w be able to glean f ^! pages :at w af=d valuable assi/ance to !m2 b !y %\ld accept no?+ z conclusive4 ,!re is mu* to be discov]$ & le>n$ ab\t *eese-mak+4 ,^? :o h work$ at ! bus9ess = ye>s1 )\t mat]ial progress1 are n z likely to make important discov]ies or improvem5ts z ^? :o n[ or may h]eaft] come to a k ( ! subject ) fre% m9ds & faculties newly /imulat$4 ,!y w beg9 :]e ! old *eese-mak]s leave (f1 & ought to be able to make advances 9 ! "w ?us f> develop$ by _! pr$ecessors4 ,t ea* may keep 8 wits ab\t him & add some?+ valuable to our pres5t /ock ( k 9 reg>d to *eese-mak+1 is ! e>ne/ wi% ( ,,! ,,au?or4 ,,utica1 ,janu>y1 #ahgj4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page4 ,,introductory1 #e ,,build+ ,,*eese ,,factories1 #i ,,production ,,( ,,milk1 #ad ,,composition ,,( ,,milk1 #ah ,,ta9ts ,,& ,,odors1 #bc ,,cool+ ,,milk1 #bg ,,deliv]+ ,,milk1 #ca ,,receiv+ ,,milk1 #cf ,,big ,,av]ages1 #dj ,,conductors1 ,,/ra9]s1 ,c41 #de ,,color1 #di ,,r5nets1 #ee ,,prep>+ ,,r5net1 #fj ,,sett+1 #fd ,,cutt+ ,,curds1 #fh ,,heat1 #gc ,,acid1 #gi ,,dipp+ ,,curds1 #hd ,,salt+ ,,curds1 #hg ,,ta9t$ ,,milk1 #ia ,,cur+1 #ic ,,greas+ ,,*eese1 #ie ,,skipp]s1 #ii ,,*$d> ,,process1 #ajb ,,h9ts ,,on ,,*eese-,,mak+4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,build+ ,,*eese-,,factories4 ,we frequ5tly receive inquiries f p>ties :o contemplate build+ *eese-factories1 reg>d+ c]ta9 details :i* none b ^? :o h actual exp]i5ce c readily c>ry out4 ,= ! b5efit ( all ne$+ su* in=mation1 we h tak5 pa9s to prep>e ! foll[+3 ,small or m$ium-siz$ factories n[ seem to be 9 ord]4 ,p d n l to c>ry milk long di/ances1 & ?is fact und\bt$ly acc\nts = ! t5d5cy to small factories1 conv5i5tly locat$4 ,we w give ! size ( a build+ suitable = a dairy ( #cjj to #ejj c[s4 ,let x be #hj by #bf feet1 ) #af feet po/s & two floors4 ,f "o end ( ! l[] /ory take #bd feet = a make room1 leav+ ! rema9d] = a cur+ room4 ,%\ld m ?an "o vat be us$1 ! make room w ne$ to be ab\t six feet l>g] "o way4 ,x may be made s by tak+ ! space (f f ! cur+ room1 or by putt+ a projection on ! side4 ,! upp] /ory w be us$ = cur+1 b %\ld be p>tition$ (f ! same z ! l[] /ory4 ,! room ov] ! make room %\ld be la!d & pla/]$1 & provid$ ) heat+ app>atus1 s z to make a suitable place = cur+ e>ly & late made *eese4 ,! build+ may be *eap1 or z exp5sive z desir$4 ,ei!r sett]s & ranges1 or ! old /yle tables1 may be us$4 ,! latt]1 s9ce small-siz$ *eeses h come 9 fa%ion1 are ! m common4 ,!y are q z *eap & conv5i5t1 & by us+ !m1 factorym5 avoid ! annoyance consequ5t ^u ! pret5d$ pat5t "r :i* is claim$ on ! rails & turn]s4 ,we %all n recomm5d any p>ticul> /yle ( vat1 s9ce by do+ s we %\ld seem to condemn o!rs4 ,b we w m5tion ! fact t = small factories1 vats ) self-heat]s are pref]able & ! m economical4 ,a self-heat] c be set up & run any:]e1 ) a piece ( /ove-pipe to conduct (f ! smoke1 & ! exp5se ( boil]s1 mason-"w1 etc41 is avoid$4 ,five or six cords ( maple /ove-wood1 split f9e & well season$1 w run a good self-heat] ?r\gh ! season4 ,! appe>ance ( a dairy dep5ds v mu* on ! tru5ess1 z well z uni=mity 9 hight1 ( ! *eeses4 ,good presses & hoops are !re=e ess5tial1 & save a great deal ( tr\ble z well z give a great deal ( satisfaction4 ,! press1 !re=e1 ne$s to be made heavy & /rong1 s z n to spr+ or w>p4 ,let ! sill be #ad by #d in*es2 ! beam1 #aj by #f in*es2 po/s1 #d by #ad in*es1 slant$ f ! sill upw>d to #aj1 ! wid? ( ! beam4 ,! sill & beam %\ld be box$ into ! po/s ?ree-f\r?s ( an in*1 & ! po/s %\ld ext5d above ! beam "s #d in*es or m4 ,! top ( ! sill %\ld /& ab\t #b feet f ! floor4 ,! space betwe5 ! sill & beam %\ld be #b feet #d in*es4 ,! lat]al space all[$ = ea* hoop %\ld be #b feet2 & 9 ea* space betwe5 ! hoops ! sill & beam %\ld be held 9 place by sev5-eigh?s in* rods ( iron4 ,9 ! fir/ space f ei!r end1 a s+le rod is suffici5t2 ! next %\ld h two rods1 & s on1 alt]nately4 ,! s+le rod %\ld ext5d ?r\gh ! middle ( ! sill & beam1 & h heavy wa%]s atta*$ to ea* end1 to prev5t ! head or nut f settl+ into ! wood4 ,! d\ble rods %\ld g ?r\gh ! edges ( ! beam & sill1 & ?r\gh heavy wa%]s ( iron on ! bottom ( ! sill1 & ?r\gh /rong /raps ext5d+ across ! top ( ! beam4 ,! presses %\ld be made = press+ f\r or six *eeses1 & be made ( h>d1 season$ timb]4 ,! screws %\ld be #a in*4 ,( ! v>i\s k9ds ( screws introduc$1 we "k ( none bett] ?an ! old-fa%ion$ ones1 ) holes ?r\gh !m to receive ! b>4 ,! curd-s9k is an important ?+ 9 a factory4 ,its con/ruction is always a matt] ( consid]able speculation & p]plexity4 ,we w give dim5sions = "o suitable = a factory ( ! size we h indicat$4 ,x %\ld be #af feet long1 #b feet #aj in*es 9 wid? inside1 & #a foot deep4 ,! bottom %\ld be #a in* ?ick1 & ! sides #a in* ?ick4 ,! legs %\ld be #c feet high1 ext5d+ up ! sides1 s t ! top ( ! s9k w be #c feet f ! floor4 ,! s9k %\ld be made ( cle>1 season$ p9e1 & ! legs be well brac$1 ) cross & side pieces connect+ !m ab\t #f in*es f ! floor4 ,backs & a clo? /ra9] may be us$1 or a false bottom ) p]=at$ t9 /ra9]s may be sub/itut$4 ,! prop] hight ( ! weigh+ c1 ( ! dump+ w9d[ f ! gr\nd1 & ! be/ app>atus = unload+1 are g5]ally matt]s q p]plex+4 ,! prop] hight ( ! receiv+ c is t :i* gives a g5tle slope to ! conductor1 z too mu* curr5t n only causes ! milk to slop ov] ! sides ( ! /ra9]1 b drives ! dirt ?r\gh ! /ra9]4 ,) vats #c feet #b in*es high1 ! plat=m = ! scales %\ld be #c feet #h in*es f ! floor4 ,( ! _m appliances us$ = unload+1 none is simpl]1 *eap] or m satisfactory ?an ! crane4 ,make x ( scantl+ #d by #d in*es1 ! upright #h feet long1 & ! arm #g feet4 ,hang x z y w\ld a b>n-door4 ,fa/5 "o end ( a /rong half or ?ree-qu>t] in* rope to ! end ( ! arm2 run x ?r\gh a pully to :i* is atta*$ ! tongs2 !n ov] a #d in* pully above1 ne> ! end ( ! arm2 run x back ov] a simil> pully next to ! upright1 !n d[n to a #c in* roll]1 ) a crank1 at a conv5i5t hight = turn+4 ,"o end ( ! crank mu/ be su/a9$ by a /rong iron /rap1 b[+ outw>d1 9 ! direction ( ! arm1 to admit ! roll] 7ab\t #f in*es long7 l5g?wise1 & fa/5$ to ! upright above & bel[4 ,! w9d[-sill %\ld be n m ?an two or ?ree in*es above ! edge ( ! receiv+-c1 :i* %\ld /& close to ! w9d[1 j cle>+ ! sill4 ,! road %\ld be eighte5 in*es bel[ ! plat=m on :i* /& ! scales & weigh+ c4 ,!n ! c1 :5 rais$ j en\gh to cle> ! wagon-box & :eels1 w be ( ! "r hight = dump+ :5 swung r\nd to ! w9d[4 ,_m make ! mi/ake ( gett+ ! road too l[1 :i* causes ! unnecess>y "w ( rais+ ! milk #c or #d feet by h& be=e x c be dump$1 & wa/es /r5g? & "t1 bo? 9 rais+ ! c & l[]+ x back aga9 into ! wagon aft] x is empti$4 ,9 build+ a factory1 e provision %\ld be made = cleanl9ess4 ,x %\ld be locat$ ne> a liv+ spr+ ( wat]1 rang+ 9 temp]ature some:]e betwe5 #de & #ee4 ,!re %\ld be suffici5t wat] to fill1 at all times1 an in* pipe1 & c>e %\ld be tak5 to secure a fair head--en\gh to c>ry ! wat] above ! vats1 at lea/4 ,! wat] %\ld be c>ri$ 9 pipes "u ! build+1 along by ! ends ( ! vats :]e x is want$1 ) p5/ocks ris+ f ! pipe1 to furni% wat] = ea* vat4 ,! faucets 9 ! p5/ocks %\ld be all ( ! same hight--if any diff]5ce is made1 ! "o f>!/ f ! head might be a qu>t] or half an in* ! l[e/4 ,outside %\ld be a p5/ock1 to c>ry (f ! sup]flu\s wat]4 ,! outlet to ?is %\ld be a few in*es high] ?an ! faucets 9 ! p5/ocks = supply+ ! vats ) wat]4 ,?is is necess>y to secure a fl[ ( wat] 9 ! factory4 ,9 freez+ wea!r1 & dur+ ! w9t]1 ! p5/ocks 9 ! factory c be remov$1 until ne$$ = use1 & ! holes 9 ! pipe b5ea? plugg$ up4 ,an extra faucet 9 "o ( ! p5/ocks at ! ends ( ! vats1 ins]t$ high en\gh f ! floor to set a pail "u1 w supply all ! necess>y wat] = clean+ & o!r purposes4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,production ,,( ,,milk4 ,! requisites ( good milk h be5 s frequ5tly & fully discuss$1 t we ne$ n m ?an briefly adv]t to !m n[4 ,! importance ( good milk1 = ei!r *eese or butt]1 w be conc$$1 & !re=e ! "q ne$ n be argu$4 ,! fir/ requisites ( good milk are good c[s4 ,b ^! w disappo9t _! own]s if !y h n good keep4 ,pl5ty ( good clean hay & pure wat]1 ) w>m qu>t]s1 are indisp5sable4 ,! old-fa%ion$ me?od ( all[+ c[s1 or o!r cattle1 to wea!r all k9ds ( /orms1 ) a sn[-bank = a b$ at night1 we believe is pretty effectually done away )4 ,x has be5 f\nd t x does n pay4 ,x is n yet q s univ]sally admitt$ t g5]\s fe$+ is equally advantage\s1 nor t a w>m /able is z mu* an advance on an op51 cold "o1 :]e ! c[s /& & %iv] ?r\gh\t ! tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 z a common %elt] is an improvem5t on no %elt]4 ,yet1 a w>m /able1 :i* may be _h = a small exp5se1 is decid$ economy1 9 ! sav+ ( food1 z well z a com=t to ! c[s2 & g5]\s fe$+ w be f\nd a pr(itable inve/m5t1 bo? by ! increas$ fl[ ( milk & by its increas$ ri*ness4 ,a poorly-kept c[ w give less milk ?an a well-kept "o1 & its poor] quality w be m manife/ ?an ! dim9ution 9 quantity4 ,:5 turn$ out to grass1 if ! fe$ %\ld prove good1 x w take ! c[ weeks to build up h] sy/em & get 9 ! condition %e %\ld h be5 9 at ! />t2 & ?\gh ! quantity & quality ( h] milk w improve1 %e w rea* ! "t :5 ! mess naturally beg9s to %r9k be=e %e w h ?or\ghly recup]at$4 ,aft] ?is1 ! ri*ness ( ! milk w probably be satisfactory4 ,b 9 case ! season %\ld op5 dry & cold1 s t ! grass />ts sl[ly1 & is !n foll[$ by ! hot dry wea!r ( ,july & ,augu/1 z is n unfrequ5tly ! case1 a c[ t />ts spr+ poor w sc>cely get 9 good condition be=e ! grass is nipp$ by ! fall fro/s & x becomes necess>y to beg9 to fodd]4 ,!re is a m>k$ diff]5ce 9 ! quality ( ! messes ( milk deliv]$ at a *eese-factory4 ,! use ( ! lactomet] & cream-gauges w %[ ?is4 ,x w be an int]e/+ exp]im5t1 = *eese-mak]s :o nev] tri$ x1 to te/ 9 ?is way ! quality ( ! milk deliv]$ by ! diff]5t patrons1 & !n asc]ta9 ! /yle 9 :i* ea* keeps 8 c[s1 ! "* ( ! pa/ures ( ea*1 ! k9d ( wat] :i* ! pa/ures af=d--:e!r brook1 riv]1 swamp or spr+--& to note any o!r facts & conditions :i* may be app>5t or may sugge/ !mselves4 ,x w be f\nd1 we ?9k1 t bad w9t]+ & poor pa/ures h z mu* or m to d ?an any?+ else ) ! production ( poor milk4 ,no bre$ ( c[s nor selection ( a dairy c :olly c\nt]act ^! evils4 ,! yield ( milk w und\bt$ly be great] & bett] ) "s c[s ?an ) o!rs2 & s ) naturally good c[s1 good w9t]+ & pa/ur+ w %[ q z m>k$ improvem5ts4 ,we h 9 our m9d an in/ance :]e1 at ! op5+ ( a *eese-factory1 only a few ( ! f>m]s1 hav+ ! l>ge/ dairies1 deliv]$ milk4 ,!y 7 all m5 :o f$ _! c[s well dur+ ! w9t]1 & gave !m meal be=e & aft] com+ 94 ,! result 0 an a/oni%+ly l>ge yield ( *eese f milk at t season ( ! ye>4 ,b z ! messes increas$1 & milk f dairies poorly-kept came 91 ! yield ( *eese 9 proportion to ! numb] ( p\nds ( milk /eadily dim9i%$4 ,! lactomet] & cream-gauges %[$ t ! poore/ milk came f ! poore/-kept c[s4 ,! =ep>t ( ! season prov$ a cold & wet "o1 :i* made ! grass m juicy & less nutriti\s4 ,?is1 ) ! accid5tal or int5tional wat]+ :i* ! milk got f ! ra9 fall+ 9 ! cans1 ei!r at home or on ! road1 0 also believ$ to decrease ! yield ( *eese4 ,x appe>$ t milk com+ long di/ances ?r\gh ! ra91 o!r ?+s be+ equal1 %[$ m wat] ?an t br\ght %ort di/ances4 ,manife/ly1 "s sort ( %elt] to ! cans %\ld be devis$1 to be us$ bo? at home & on ! road1 dur+ ra9y wea!r--& ! same = keep+ (f ! rays ( ! sun1 9 fair wea!r1 is equally desirable4 ,all ?r\gh ! season1 9 ! in/ance ref]r$ to1 !re 0 a m>k$ diff]5ce 9 ! quality ( ! milk ( ! well-kept & ( ! poorly-kept dairies4 ,swampy pa/ures also seem$ to impov]i% ! milk4 ,^? pa/ures t 7 dry1 ) pure wat] accessible1 appe>$ to produce ! ri*e/ milk4 ,:ile ! milk ( ! be/ dairies1 on be+ te/$1 w\ld indicate a yield ( a p\nd ( *eese to eight or n9e p\nds ( milk1 ! milk ( o!rs w\ld n yield a p\nd ( *eese to less ?an elev5 or twelve p\nds ( milk4 ,! av]age numb] ( p\nds ( milk = a p\nd ( *eese1 dur+ ! season1 0 ab\t #i4i4 ,9 ! =ego+1 w be se5 a manife/ objection to ! factory sy/em1 z at pres5t conduct$4 ,! quality ( ! milk deliv]$ is n[h]e tak5 into consid]ation4 ,! man :o has a well-select$ dairy1 keeps x well1 & deliv]s milk t w turn out1 = ! season1 a hundr$ p\nds ( *eese = e n9e hundr$ p\nds ( milk1 gets no m returns = a giv5 numb] ( p\nds ( milk ?an ! man :o deliv]s milk s poor t twelve hundr$ p\nds ( x w n make m ?an a hundr$ p\nds ( *eese1 or ! same z ! =m]'s n9e hundr$ p\nds4 ,!re is a diff]5ce ( ab\t tw5ty-five p] c5t1 9 ! quality ( ! milk turn$ out by ! good & ! poor dairies1 "o-half ( :i* ! own] ( ! =m] loses1 & ! o!r half ( :i* ! own] ( ! latt] ga9s1 by gett+ 8 milk made up at ! factory4 ,"s means %\ld be devis$ = rem$y+ ?is piece ( inju/ice1 if ! bett] class ( dairies is to be reta9$ by ! factories4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,composition ,,( ,,milk4 ,! composition ( milk1 ?\gh frequ5tly discuss$1 is n g5]ally well und]/ood4 ,x is q v>iable1 n only 9 ! milk f diff]5t c[s1 b 9 t f ! same c[ at diff]5t times1 & 9 diff]5t conditions1 b especially at diff]5t seasons ( ! ye>4 ,x is m butt]y 9 w9t]1 & m *eesy 9 summ]4 ,a c[ milk$ ?ree times a day w\ld give m 9 quantity b poor] 9 quality1 ?an if milk$ twice2 :ile "o milk$ twice a day w yield m milk ?an if milk$ once a day1 b "o milk+ a day w\ld be ! ri*]4 ,! fir/ milk drawn f ! udd] is m wat]y ?an :at foll[s2 ! la/ is ! ri*e/4 ,! accumulation ( milk 9 ! c['s bag is influ5c$ by ! law ( gravitation4 ,! wat] be+ ! heavie/ +r$i5t1 settles to ! bottom1 & is ! fir/ milk$2 ! cream1 :i* is ! lighte/1 rises1 & is ! la/ milk$4 ,t is to say1 a p>tial sep>ation takes place 9 ! udd]1 suffici5t to make ! /ripp+s "s t5 or twelve times z ri* 9 butt] z ! fir/ milk drawn4 ,we w\ld1 !re=e1 inf] t ! fir/ ?ird conta9s ! mo/ wat]1 ! second ?ird ! mo/ *eese1 & ! la/ ?ird ! mo/ butt]4 ,!re is said to be a diff]5ce 9 ! milk drawn f ! comp>tm5ts ( ! udd] ( ! same c[1 or f diff]5t teats4 ,! v>iation 9 ! composition ( milk1 ( c\rse1 is indicat$ by diff]5t *emical analyses1 no two ( :i* c be f\nd to exactly agree4 ,we give an analysis by ,,haidl54 ,he f\nd t ! specim5 conta9$1 9 #a1jjj p>ts1 #hgc p>ts ( wat]1 #cj ( butt]1 #dh4b ( *eese1 #dc4i ( sug> ( milk1 #b4ca ( phosphate ( lime1 4#db ( magnesia1 4#dg ( iron1 #a4jd ( *loride ( potassium1 & 4#ff ( sodium & soda4 ,o!r *emi/s h f\nd album5 among ! con/itu5ts ( milk1 & ?is +r$i5t is believ$1 by _m1 to be ! "o t fir/ comm5ces decay+1 9 hot wea!r1 & produces1 ta9t$ milk1 float+ curds1 & huffy *eese4 ,skimm$ milk has be5 f\nd1 9 "s in/ances1 to conta9 z high z #ig p>ts ( wat] 9 #ajj1 & only #c p] c5t4 ( solids1 or *eesy matt]4 ,swill milk has be5 f\nd to conta9 z l[ z #a p] c5t4 ( butt]4 ,an analysis ( ! fir/ milk tak5 f a c['s bag aft] calv+1 %[$ x to consi/ ( #ae4a p] c5t4 ( case9e1 or *eese1 #b4f ( butt]1 #b ( muc\s matt]1 & #hj4c ( wat]4 ,ord9>y pure milk w av]age ab\t #ab p] c5t4 ( cream4 ,b x is n unfrequ5tly f\nd to yield #ae to #bj p] c5t41 & ev5 z high z #be p] c5t4 ( cream has be5 obta9$4 ,if milk yields less ?an #aj p] c5t4 ( cream1 x is bel[ ! av]age1 & unpr(itable = butt]-mak+4 ,we "k ( no s+le in/rum5t t w at once indicate ! quality ( milk4 ,:at is call$ ! lactomet]1 b is prop]ly a hydromet]1 w indicate ! d5sity ( milk1 & if its specific gravity 9 a pure /ate be kn[n1 x w %[ ! am\nt ( wat] add$1 if any4 ,on an av]age1 milk is ab\t #d p] c5t4 heavi] ?an wat]4 ,t is1 a hydromet] ) a scale grad$ at #ajj = milk at #fj ,f>5heit1 ought to s9k to #if 9 wat]4 ,! v>iation 9 ! d5sity ( milk w be %[n by an exp]im5t giv5 by ,,*>les ,l4 ,,fl9t1 9 8 ,mil* ,c[s & ,dairy ,f>m+4 ,he says3 ,= ! purpose ( %[+ ! diff]5ce 9 ! specific gravity ( diff]5t specim5s ( pure milk1 tak5 f ! c[s 9 ! morn+1 & all[$ to cool d[n to ab\t #fj1 ,i us$ an in/rum5t graduat$ ) ! pure milk m>k at #ajj1 ) ! foll[+ results3 ,! fir/ p9t drawn f a native c[ /ood at #aja4 ,! la/ p9t ( ! same milk+1 be+ ! /ripp+s ( ! same c[1 /ood at #hf4 ,! mixture ( ! two p9ts /ood at ab\t #ic4 ,! milk ( a pure br$ ,j]sey /ood at #ie1 t ( an ,ayr%ire at #ajj1 t ( a ,h]e=d at #ajf1 t ( a ,devon at #aaa1 :ile a ?9 cream /ood at #ff4 ,all ^! specim5s ( milk 7 pure1 & milk$ at ! same "t 9 ! morn+1 c>efully label$ 9 sep>ate vessels1 & set ^u ! same %elf to cool (f2 & yet ! v>iations ( specific gravity am\nt$ to #be1 or1 tak+ ! av]age quality ( ! native c['s milk at #ic1 ! v>iations am\nt$ to #ag4 ,x w be se51 by ^! exp]im5ts1 t ! ri*] ! milk 9 butt]1 ! less ! specific gravity1 ?9 cream be+ #cj bel[ ! wat] m>k4 ,! ri*] ! milk 9 case9e1 or *eese1 ! great] ! specific gravity1 ! milk ( ! ,devon indicat+ #ae above ! wat] m>k4 ,wat]+ milk w ( c\rse r$uce ! specific gravity ( milk ri* 9 *eese1 & by ?is means x c be made to indicate ! av]age d5sity ( pure milk4 ,9 ! same way1 milk ri* 9 butt] may h its specific gravity increas$ until x ne>ly rea*es t ( wat]1 b no am\nt ( wat]+ c make x indicate ov] #if1 :i* is ! figure giv5 = pure wat]4 ,a little salt1 or o!r +r$i5t1 may be add$ to br+ ! d5sity up to ! pure milk m>k4 ,s ! blu5ess ( milk1 produc$ by ei!r skimm+ or wat]+1 may be remov$ by ! use ( burnt sug>1 :i* w give x a ri* color4 ,or annotto may be us$ = ! same purpose4 ,_m exp$i5ts h be5 resort$ to1 f "t to "t1 by ! di%one/1 = ! purpose ( disguis+ ! impov]i%m5t ( milk by skimm+ & wat]+4 ,b1 says "s "o1 :y tell di%one/ m5 h[ !y c skim & adult]ate _! milk8 ,we h n done s4 ,we h told hone/ m5 "s ( ! practices ( ! di%one/1 ) ! view ( enabl+ !m to detect ! fraud4 ,true1 ! hydromet] is n an accurate or legal te/2 b x %[s ! exact d5sity ( ! milk tri$1 & ?is is a v important po9t4 ,:5 y h decid$ ?is1 by ! use ( ! cream-gauges1 y c det]m9e ! am\nt ( cream2 & if y let ! milk /& until x coagulates1 & ! *eese sep>ates f ! :ey1 y c tell ! relative proportion ( wat] & *eese4 ,?is may be a some:at sl[ & clumsy process1 b x is nev]!less decisive1 & (t5 repays ! tr\ble4 ,=eign sub/ances1 s f> z n held 9 solution by ! wat]1 or n entangl$ 9 ! *eese or cream1 w settle at ! bottom ( ! glasses4 ,besides1 ) ^! evid5ces to />t on1 ! ways ( a suspect$ p]son c be wat*$1 & he (t5 be caught 9 ! v act ( violat+ ! law1 :i* we quote bel[3 #a4 ,:oev] %all kn[+ly sell1 supply1 or br+ to be manufactur$ to any *eese manufactory 9 ?is ,/ate1 any milk dilut$ ) wat]1 or 9 any way adult]at$1 or milk f :i* any cream has be5 tak51 or milk commonly kn[n z skimm$ milk2 or :oev] %all keep back any "p ( ! milk kn[n z /ripp+s2 or :oev] %all kn[+ly br+ or supply milk to any *eese manufactory t is ta9t$ or p>tly s\r f want ( prop] c>e 9 keep+ pails1 /ra9]s1 or any vessel 9 :i* said milk is kept1 clean & sweet1 aft] be+ notifi$ ( su* ta9t or c>elessness2 or any *eese manufactur] :o %all kn[+ly use1 or direct any ( 8 employes to use1 = 8 or _! individual b5efit1 any cream f ! milk br\ght to said *eese manufactur]1 )\t ! cons5t ( all ! own]s !re(1 %all1 = ea* & e (f5se1 =feit & pay a sum n less ?an tw5ty-five doll>s1 nor m ?an "o hundr$ doll>s1 ) co/s ( suit1 to be su$ = 9 any c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction1 = ! b5efit ( ! p]son or p]sons1 firm or association or corporation1 or _! assigns1 ^u :om su* fraud be committ$4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,ta9ts ,,& ,,odors4 ,:atev] be ! grade ( c[s & ! quality ( milk1 mu* dep5ds ^u its managem5t4 ,a good deal ( c>e & att5tion are requisite = ! atta9m5t ( ! be/ possible results ) su* milk z we may h to "w up4 ,b be=e we come to ! process ( milk+1 let u look a mom5t at ! effect ( food 9 reg>d to ta9ts & ! flavor ( milk4 ,x is n[ univ]sally conc$$1 t ! flavor z well z ! quality ( ! milk dep5ds v mat]ially ^u ! food ( ! c[4 ,co>se swamp-grasses & we$s d n produce z ri* or sweet milk z clov]1 timo?y & r$-top1 gr[n on dry upl& soil2 :ile swamp-wat] gives a rank] flavor ?an ! sweet spr+ & brook-wat] ( hilly regions4 ,leeks are n ! only we$s :i* ta9t ! milk be=e x is tak5 f ! c[4 ,all rank vegetable gr[?s l5d a simil> influ5ce to injure flavor4 ,inde$1 t :i* ! c[ eats is :at %e makes ! milk (1 & if ^! (f5sive ?+s are tak5 into h] sy/em1 %e _c be expect$ to turn out milk t w n p>take ( _! qualities1 any m ?an a man c be expect$ to make sweet cid] ( s\r apples by runn+ !m ?r\gh ! mill & press4 ,ev5 ! atmosph]e :i* ! c[s brea! affects ! flavor ( ! milk4 ,c>rion 9 ! lot :]e ! c[s fe$ has be5 kn[n to imp>t its odor to ! milk ( ! dairy4 ,dirty /ables & b>ny>ds1 ! odor ( :i* is brea!d by ! c[s1 makes ! milk ta/e ( ! b>ny>d1 z ! common expression goes4 ,x becomes ( ! greate/ importance1 !re=e1 t c[s %\ld h clean1 sweet pa/ures to fe$ 91 & cle> spr+ or brook-wat] to dr9k2 also1 t !y %\ld h clean1 well-v5tilat$ /ables to /& 91 & be milk$ 9 clean y>ds or /ables1 z free f all ta9ts & bad odors z possible4 ,! c[s %\ld n be heat$ by hurri$ driv+ ) a dog1 or by a man or boy on horseback1 z ?is fev]s ! milk1 giv+ x an un:olesome quality1 lead+ to rapid decay z well z produc+ bad flavor4 ,&1 if quantity z well z quality is to be atta9$1 pa/ures mu/ conta9 pl5ty ( fe$1 s t ! c[ c soon fill h] /oma* & !n lie d[n or /& 9 ! %ade & rum9ate at ease1 in/ead ( work+ con/antly f morn+ to night to ga!r food en\gh to satisfy h]4 ,%e mu/ h wat] h&y1 in/ead ( away back 9 "s retir$ corn] ( a l>ge pa/ure1 z %e naturally wants to dr9k a few swall[s q (t51 9 w>m wea!r1 b w g until %e gets excessively dry & fev]i% be=e %e w travel a long di/ance to get wat]4 ,:5 ?us v dry1 %e dr9ks an inord9ate quantity1 :i* makes h] feel heavy & uncom=table--& :atev] annoys a c[ less5s ! fl[ & r$uces ! quality ( ! milk4 ,a little reflection mu/ make ^! ?+s app>5t to e reason+ m9d4 ,c[s mu/ h pl5ty ( clean1 :olesome food & pure wat]1 & mu/ be e way made com=table & cont5t$1 if ! l>ge/ fl[ & be/ quality ( milk is expect$4 ,! c[ is sure to %[1 n only h] own naturally good or bad qualities1 b h] keep & c>e1 9 ! milk pail4 ,!re is no *eat+ h]4 ,%e w make a correspond+ disc\nt or divid5d on e iota ( ill or good treatm5t %e receives4 ,9 ?is1 %e is an exact acc\ntant1 & %e w insi/ ^u keep+ ! acc\nt squ>e4 ,milk requires n only favorable conditions = its production1 z above indicat$1 b ne$s great c>e & cleanl9ess aft] x is drawn f ! c[s4 ,a f\l y>d or /able w imp>t its odors to ! milk4 ,uncleanl9ess 9 milk+ n only gets fil? into ! milk1 b ta9ts & injures its flavor4 ,"s1 = ?is reason1 recomm5d wa%+ ! c['s bag be=e milk+4 ,b if ?is wa%+ is done ) cold wat] by ! milk]1 x is q likely to consume "t1 cool ! bag & cause ! c[ to hold up a portion ( ! mess4 ,exp]i5ce %[s t ! quick] ! milk c be drawn1 aft] ! op]ation is comm5c$1 ! bett] ! yield4 ,if wa%+ is done1 x %\ld be ) w>m or tepid wat]1 & be ! "w ( "o p]son1 :o %\ld g ?r\gh ! :ole dairy 9 advance ( ! milk]s4 ,b1 9 our op9ion1 :]e ! /able or y>d is kept clean1 a c>eful bru%+ ( ! bag ) ! h&s be=e beg9n+1 & c>e 9 hold+ ! pail a little t[>d y f "u ! teats1 w obviate all ! evils ( uncleanl9ess f milk+2 &1 c]ta9 x is1 :]e all ! surr\nd+s are dirty1 no am\nt ( wa%+ ! c['s bag w get rid ( ! bad effects ( ! odors aris+ f ! fil?4 ,clean qu>t]s = milk+ are indisp5sable to ! furni%+ ( sweet1 nice-flavor$ milk4 ,cleanl9ess 9 all ! pails1 cans1 /ra9]s1 & :atev] comes 9 contact ) ! milk1 is equally necess>y4 ,?or\gh wa%+1 n omitt+ ! use ( soap1 scald+ & air+1 are ! only ?+s t w keep !m sweet & free f ta9t4 ,all implem5ts & ut5sils %\ld be z free f %>p corn]s z possible1 z ^! are difficult to clean1 & ta9ts are apt to be left 9 !m to come 9 contact ) ! new milk & infect x1 z a small quantity ( yea/ leav5s a bat* ( bread4 ,! milk w1 !re=e1 soon beg9 to f]m5t1 produc+ "o ( ! wor/ conditions :i* ! *eese-mak] has to cont5d )1 & r5d]+ x impossible = him to make firm1 clean-flavor$ *eese ( ! milk4 ,9 no case %\ld wood5 vessels be us$ = milk4 ,! wood w absorb ! milk1 & no am\nt ( wa%+ & scald+ w get x entirely out4 ,:at rema9s w get fr[y & imp>t its infection to ! w>m milk & cause x to rapidly ta9t4 ,t9 vessels are ! be/ ( any?+ yet devis$1 & are recomm5d$ univ]sally by ! be/ dairym5 & by ! ,am]ican ,dairym5's ,association4 ,^? ) press$ or r\nd bottoms1 hav+ no inside angles = f]m5ts to collect 91 are pref]able4 ,^! c be obta9$ = a trifle if any m money ?an common t9 pails co/1 & %\ld receive ! pref]5ce ( dairym5 :5 pur*as+4 ,9 %ort1 ! greate/ c>e %\ld be tak5 to h all ?+s /rictly clean--n only ^? t come 9 contact ) ! milk1 b ^? surr\nd+ x4 ,! milk]s %\ld be z clean1 c>eful & exp$iti\s z possible1 avoid+ all unnecess>y or unusual motions1 & ev]y?+ calculat$ to al>m or excite ! c[s4 ,!n1 if ! c[s h _h prop] food1 dr9k1 c>e & treatm5t1 !re is little reason to appreh5d any?+ objectionable 9 ei!r ! quantity or quality ( ! milk4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,cool+ ,,milk4 ,! managem5t ( milk1 :5 once obta9$1 is ! great practical consid]ation ) ! f>m] & *eese-mak]4 ,b ! fir/ h&l+ & c>e devolve ^u ! f>m]2 ! *eese-mak]'s duties beg9 ) ! deliv]y ( ! milk at ! factory4 ,mu*1 v mu*1 dep5ds ^u ! treatm5t ( ! milk aft] milk+1 & ! consequ5t condition 9 :i* x is deliv]$4 ,we w !re=e beg9 at ! /able or y>d & foll[ ! milk ?r\gh all its /ages1 until x is run into ! weigh+-c4 ,previ\s sugge/ions z to cleanl9ess1 etc41 be+ adopt$1 we f9d ! hot milk 9 ! pails ready to be /ra9$ into ! c /&+ on ! plat=m or 9 ! wagon4 ,we say /ra9$1 because ?is is necess>y to absolute cleanl9ess1 :i* affects ! flavor1 ?\gh at "s factories ! patrons are direct$ n to /ra9 ! milk1 = ! reason t poor c>e is s (t5 tak5 ( ! /ra9]1 & ! keep+ ( ! /ra9] drawn tight ov] ! top ( ! c prev5ts cool+ & ha/5s ta9t4 ,= ?is reason1 we w\ld recomm5d ! use ( /ra9]-pails1 unless ! clo? /ra9] c be /ret*$ above ! c s z to all[ ! heat to escape & ! cool air to come 94 ,^! precautions %\ld be obs]v$1 mo/ c]ta9ly1 if no means is adopt$ = cool+ ! milk be=e />t+ = ! factory4 ,! subject ( cool+ & air+ milk has long be5 e>ne/ly discuss$1 & ! importance ( cool+1 at lea/1 we believe is univ]sally conc$$4 ,b h[ is ?is end to be atta9$1 ) ! !rmomet] indicat+ an av]age temp]ature ( #hj1 & p]haps high]8 ,! fir/ & simple/ sugge/ion is to set ! c 9 a tub ( cold wat]--cold spr+ or well-wat]1 or ic$ wat]--& to give ! milk frequ5t agitation ) a dipp] or o!r conv5i5t article1 c>e be+ tak5 to /ir x f ! bottom1 z ! cold milk naturally settles1 & ( c\rse ! hot milk lies on ! top4 ,g5tle agitation secures ! advantage1 also1 ( prev5t+ ! cream f ris+4 ,?is makes tr\ble1 & consumes a little "t1 b we believe ! result w well repay bo?4 ,! milk-c %\ld1 by all means1 be kept out ( ! sun's rays1 & 9 a clean airy place4 ,z to ! importance ( air+ milk1 !re is a diff]5ce ( op9ion4 ,"s ass]t t ! air+ is b5eficial only s f> z x assi/s 9 cool+1 & t if we c succe$ 9 cool+ ! milk d[n to #fj1 or !reab\ts1 imm$iately aft] milk+1 we %all atta9 all ! good results app>5t f exposure to ! air4 ,all ! animal odors1 !y say1 disappe>4 ,be t z x may1 x is sc>cely possible to cool milk )\t m or less exposure to ! atmosph]e1 & we h nev] he>d x claim$ t any bad consequ5ces foll[ ?is exposure4 ,x is possible1 h[ev]1 t x may m rapidly absorb oxyg51 & ?us soon] s\r4 ,! probability is1 t any process :i* w secure ! prop] cool+ w also af=d ! necess>y exposure = ! escape ( all animal or o!r odors likely to pass (f 9 ! =m ( gas4 ,!re=e1 practically1 x is ( v little importance :e!r we consid] ! "q ( air+ milk1 9 any ( ! /ages ( its managem5t4 ,s we w fir/ look aft] ! processes :i* secure kn[n advantages4 ,sev]al inv5tions = ! purpose ( cool+ milk h made _! appe>ance )9 ! pa/ ye> or two4 ,"s = ! use ( factories1 :i* seem to "w q satisfactorily1 & o!rs = ! use ( f>m]s1 none ( :i*1 we believe1 h yet be5 receiv$ ) mu* favor4 ,!y are mo/ly too complicat$1 if n too exp5sive1 & too difficult to keep clean1 to ev] become g5]ally adopt$4 ,yet1 en\gh has already be5 develop$ to conv9ce u t ! desid]atum1 ( a satisfactory app>atus = cool+ milk z fa/ z1 or soon aft]1 x is tak5 f ! c[1 c be realiz$4 ,! great tr\ble is1 to make f>m]s use x fai?fully1 if at all4 ,! cool+ ( milk z fa/ z milk$1 or v soon aft]w>d1 is ! great "q n[ pres5t$ to f>m]s & *eese-mak]s4 ,x is ( q z mu* & m consequ5ce1 ?an keep+ x cool at ! factory--= milk is (t5 s f> advanc$ 9 decomposition1 if n actually s\r or ta9t$1 :5 receiv$1 t x is impossible to "w x up satisfactorily4 ,"s ,yankee mu/ give u a simple & *eap app>atus t w effect ! desir$ result4 ,su* an inv5tion w greatly improve ! quality & increase ! consumption & price ( ,am]ican *eese4 ,b1 9 ! abs5ce ( any?+ bett]1 ! c set 9 a tub ( wat] & ! milk frequ5tly /irr$1 w\ld be a great improvem5t on />t+ = ! factory ) hot milk4 ,if ! wat] c be made to con/antly run into ! tub1 fre% & cool1 z ! w>m wat] runs out1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,ano!r improvem5t w\ld be "s k9d ( wagon-cov]1 p]mitt+ ! air to pass "u x1 to keep (f ! sun 9 cle> wea!r & keep out ! ra9 9 wet wea!r4 ,! hot rays ( ! sun1 p\r+ on a c ( milk = ! di/ance ( two or ?ree miles1 p]haps--especially if ! milk is n cool$ be=e />t+--_c fail to d x s]i\s injury4 ,milk ?us expos$ (t5 has a v (f5sive smell :5 x rea*es ! factory-door4 ,?is %[s t x is already ta9t$ & 9 a condition to injure ! good milk 9 ! vat into :i* x is run1 & cause a por\s or huffy curd4 ,! "q z to ! effect ( sudd5ly cool+ milk has be5 some:at discuss$2 also z to h[ l[ a temp]ature is b5eficial4 ,exp]im5ts are necess>y to def9itely & satisfactorily settle ^! que/ions4 ,our impression is t1 if ice is n us$1 !re is no dang] ( cool+ milk too sudd5ly or ( gett+ x too cool4 ,b :]e ice is us$1 especially if p]mitt$ to come 9 contact ) ! milk1 or ev5 to be sep>at$ f x only by a ?ickness ( t91 !re is dang] ( *ill+ ! p>ticles ( milk 9 imm$iate contact ) ! cold surface1 & caus+ !m to prematurely decay4 ,?is w\ld1 ( c\rse1 injure ! keep+ qualities ( ! re/ ( ! bat*4 ,s f> z ! sudd5ness ( ! op]ation is conc]n$1 we d\bt if x w\ld h any mat]ial effect1 "o way or ! o!r4 ,b :]e any portion ( ! milk is *ill$1 :e!r ! :ole bat* ( milk be sl[ly or sudd5ly r$uc$ 9 temp]ature1 we %\ld expect x to injure ! flavor & keep+ qualities ( ! *eese4 ,"s exp]im5ts1 l ! "o made & relat$ by ,mr4 ,,f>r+ton1 ( ,canada1 at ! la/ ,conv5tion ( ! ,am]ican ,dairym5's ,association1 w\ld seem to favor ! conclusion1 t sudd5ly r$uc+ ! milk to a l[ temp]ature is unfavorable to ! production ( ! be/ quality ( *eese4 ,m exp]im5ts1 z we h previ\sly sugge/$1 are necess>y to f9ally settle ^! que/ions4 ,b ( ! importance ( cool+ milk d[n to z l[ a temp]ature z #fj to #fe1 !re c be no d\bt2 & !re ne$ be no fe> ( milk be+ cool$ rapidly en\gh to injure x :]e only wat] is us$ 9 ! process ( cool+4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,deliv]+ ,,milk4 ,v little att5tion is usually paid to c>ry+ milk to ! factory4 ,too _m p\r ! hot milk into a c /&+ on a wagon or plat=m1 9 ! broil+ sun1 put on ! cov]1 :i* fits almo/ air-tight1 z soon z ?r\gh1 & !n haul x 9 ?is condition1 )\t any %elt] or protection f ! sun's rays1 to ! factory4 ,x is sometimes drawn two or ?ree miles 9 ?is way4 ,or1 z is (t5 ! case1 x is left /&+ on ! plat=m1 cov]$ air-tight1 until ! milk-wagon comes along4 ,:e!r tak5 on ! wagon at ! beg9n+ ( ! r\te1 or left /&+ on ! plat=m at ! la/ end ( ! r\te1 x broils 9 ! sun an h\r or two1 ) ! animal heat all 9 x4 ,if drawn a long di/ance1 x is pretty well *urn$1 9 addition1 & ?us a sep>ation ( ! butt] takes place :i* no +5uity ( ! *eese-mak] c rem$y2 b :5 ! result is se5 9 ! cream ris+ on ! :ey-vat1 ana!mas are heap$ on 8 head4 ,:]e ! milk /&s quiet on ! plat=m1 ! cream rises & =ms an air-tight cov]+ ov] ! top ( ! milk1 :i* soon ta9ts next to ! cream4 ,& :e!r /&+ /ill or rid+ 9 a tight c1 expos$ to ! sun's rays1 )\t ! animal heat hav+ be5 expell$1 x is sc>cely possible to avoid ta9t4 ,9 ?is way1 ! manufactur] is furni%$ ) p]haps fifty or sev5ty-five messes ( milk1 all m or less ta9t$1 or at lea/ progress$ 9 decomposition1 :e!r any (f5sive odor is p]ceptible or n4 ,he has ^! to cool (f & keep ov] night--(t5 ) poor facilities = cool+--= proprietors ( factories are too (t5 ignorant ( ! importance ( provid+ ample means = cool+1 or are too eag] = l>ge pr(its on small inve/m5ts1 to furni% !m4 ,s ! op]ator dips & /irs away at ! decompos+ mass until t5 or elev5 o'clock1 if n lat]1 & f9ally yields to tir$ nature's sweet re/or]1 balmy sleep1 to re/ 8 we>y muscles & c>e-worn bra9--exhau/$1 p]haps1 by mon?s ( incessant toil sev5 days e week4 ,by five ! next morn+ he mu/ be on h&1 to receive ! scatt]+ messes ( milk4 ,at sev5 or eight o'clock comes ! ru%4 ,!n ! messes beg9 to drop (f1 & by half-pa/ n9e or t5 o'clock ! la/ /eam+ bat*1 ) an unmi/akable rott5-egg smell1 makes its appe>ance4 ,n[1 :at has ! *eese-mak] got on 8 h&s1 "s swelt]+ morn+1 dur+ ! season :5 x is too hot to make butt]1 & p k9dly draw _! dairy liquids to ! *eese-factory8 ,:y1 on ris+ 9 ! morn+ & rubb+ op5 8 eyes1 he breaks ! cream on 8 milk4 ,! "u surface has a sicki%1 s\r smell1 :i* tells him v pla9ly t x _c be work$ up too soon4 ,b :at is he to d8 ,! answ] is pla9 en\gh3 ,run into ?is f]m5t+ mass an equal quantity ( ! same hot /uff :i* he receiv$ ! night be=e6 ,:at w be its condition by ! "t he gets ?r\gh8 ,no matt]6 ,x is 8 bus9ess to make *eese ( x4 ,he is employ$ = t purpose4 ,if ! *eese does n prove ( ! fir/ quality1 e patron :o furni%es him /9k+ milk w h /rong suspicions t he does n und]/& 8 bus9ess6 ,& "s ev5 insi/ t ! *eese-mak] %all pay = all ! poor *eese6 ,b any man :o is fool en\gh to make su* an agreem5t1 ought to suff]1 at lea/ "o season4 ,! ?\ght ( x1 h[ev]1 is almo/ en\gh to make a m9i/] swe>4 ,&1 by ! way1 we h be5 told ( "o in/ance :]e a m9i/] left ! pulpit & took to ! *eese-factory--probably = ! purpose ( practically le>n+ a lesson ( pati5ce4 ,he 0 simple-m9d$ en\gh to agree to pay = all ! poor *eese4 ,he soon f\nd 8 sal>y 0 n equal to su* a dem&4 ,s he set himself ab\t wat*+ ! weigh+-c1 to keep out ! bad milk4 ,?is 0 a ,h]culean task he _h n c\nt$ on4 ,we are n in=m$ :e!r he swore or n2 b he actually took 8 /ation outside1 ) a heavy rod ( iron1 :i* he 0 compell$ to use1 on "o or two occasions1 to keep ! patrons f runn+ rott5 milk into ! weigh+-c6 ,8 exp]i5ce 0 an in/ructive "o1 & ought to be a w>n+ to all ambiti\s cl]gym51 z well z to innoc5t-m9d$ *eese-mak]s6 ,we d n mean to say1 t ! patrons ( all factories are z bad z above indicat$1 nor t !y are no bett] on an av]age4 ,b we d mean to say1 t too _m are v c>eless1 & t almo/ e factory has a few patrons ^: milk is apt to be 9 a bad condition :5 deliv]$4 ,besides1 :ile we he> frequ5t compla9ts ab\t bad milk1 we nev] he> ( any "o's deliv]+ milk 9 too good a condition4 ,patrons ne$ h no fe>s ( ?is1 & may take x = grant$ t !y _c take too mu* pa9s ) milk1 bo? 9 po9t ( cleanl9ess & ( keep+ x out ( ! hot sun & expell+ ! animal heat4 ,we %\ld expect to f9d1 if a c>eful inve/igation 7 made1 t ! mo/ unsuccessful factories are ^? :]e milk is deliv]$ 9 ! wor/ condition1 :ile ! successful ones are ^? :]e patrons are m c>eful & ! milk receiv$ is g5]ally good4 ,m (t5 dep5ds on ! milk ?an on ! *eese-mak]4 ,we h he>d x rem>k$1 t almo/ anybody c make good *eese ( p]fectly sweet milk2 b x is a sm>t *ap inde$ :o c make good *eese ( poor milk4 ,e *eese-mak] w appreciate our rem>ks1 & we hope !y may n be altoge!r lo/ on "s patrons4 ,x w n1 z a g5]al ?+1 pay to draw milk ov] two or two & a half miles1 = two reasons3 ,fir/1 x consumes too mu* valuable "t1 & next1 x *urns ! milk too mu* & keeps x too long %ut up tight & expos$ to ! hot atmosph]e1 if n ! sun4 ,if milk1 h[ev]1 7 ?or\ghly cool$ z soon z milk$1 & !n c>ri$ on easy spr+s ov] a smoo? road1 !re is little d\bt t x might be drawn f\r or five miles )\t mu* injury1 b ! exp5se w\ld be a s]i\s objection to go+ s long a di/ance4 ,cans t hold ov] a b>rel w be f\nd inconv5i5t4 ,x is bett] to use two small] ones1 t c be easily h&l$1 ?an "o v l>ge "o4 ,!y w co/ b little m1 & w la/ consid]ably long]1 z ! /ra9 on !m w be less4 ,a l>ge c is made ( ! same mat]ial1 & is b little if any /rong] f additional brac+ & /ay+1 & is liable to spr+ aleak4 ,z to ! use ( faucets1 x is g5]ally object$ to by *eese-mak]s1 z too little pa9s is tak5 by _m to keep !m clean4 ,_! use is1 !re=e1 disc>d$ z f> z possible1 & we believe cans are g5]ally made )\t !m4 ,yet1 "s factories /ill cont9ue receiv+ milk ?r\gh conductors1 :]e1 ( c\rse1 faucets are necess>y4 ,!y are also a conv5i5ce to ! patron1 9 _m in/ances1 :]e ! c may be us$ = o!r purposes ?an hold+ milk4 ,x is1 !re=e1 n likely t _! use w ev] be entirely done away )4 ,b1 if neatly & smoo?ly put 91 & c>e is obs]v$ 9 clean+ !m1 !re c be no s]i\s objection to !m4 ,small faucets1 h[ev]1 %\ld nev] be tol]at$4 ,no?+ small] ?an in*-&-a-half or two-in* faucets %\ld be put 94 ,^! are easy to clean1 & greatly facilitate empty+4 ,a small spiteful /ream is a nuisance1 & causes a wa/e ( "t at ! factory door :]e exp$ition is :at ev]ybody wants1 & is :at is ne$$4 ,if y use a faucet1 use a l>ge "o1 & keep x scrupul\sly clean4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,receiv+ ,,milk4 ,mo/ factories n[ unload milk by ! use ( cranes or "s o!r k9d ( tipp+ app>atus4 ,"s ( ! old] factories--!re are no v old ones--cont9ue ! use ( conductors = transf]r+ ! milk to ! weigh+-c4 ,?is is ! easi] b ! sl[] way1 & necessitates ! use ( at lea/ d\ble ! numb] ( weigh+-cans t are requir$ by ! crane4 ,besides1 9 ! use ( conductors1 !re is ! con/ant inconv5i5ce ( /&+ out 9 ! ra91 9 wet wea!r1 to hold ! conductor1 :ile !re is m or less liability to accid5t f ! back+ up or />t+ ( ! team4 ,conductors are mean1 ev5 impossible1 ?+s to clean2 & _! use1 :5 !re is a ru% ( teams1 requires a second man or boy to hold !m1 :ile ! fir/ does ! weigh+ & makes ! necess>y entries on ! milk-book4 ,if sixty to eighty messes are to be receiv$1 at lea/ two weigh+ cans w be necess>y4 ,b by ! use ( a crane1 "o weigh+-c w d ! same "w--always provid$ x has a faucet ( n less ?an ?ree in*es 9 diamet]1 s t ! c may be empti$ :ile a team is driv+ up & ! patron's c is be+ grappl$ & elevat$ ready = tipp+4 ,a l>ge faucet is ( equal advantage :5 conductors are us$1 &1 9 t case1 e patron's c %\ld be furni%$ ) at lea/ a two-in* faucet1 to facilitate ! transf] ( milk to ! weigh+-c4 ,! use ( ! crane is1 ( c\rse1 n entirely free f accid5t4 ,! /ra9 on ! c1 :5 full1 is v great1 & x is liable to spr+ aleak1 unless well made4 ,b cans made ) ref]5ce to ?is use are n[ furni%$ ) cr[n+ or ) pat5t bottoms1 & are s well hoop$ & brac$ t no s]i\s accid5ts ( ?is k9d are likely to occur4 ,a c-e>1 or a rope long 9 use1 may break4 ,!re may be c>elessness 9 hook+ on to ! c1 & ! milk may be slopp$ or spill$ by lett+ a full c turn ov] too soon1 or by too sudd5ly lett+ ! milk da% into ! weigh+-c4 ,all ^! op]ations require c>e & exp]i5ce2 b1 ) prop] managem5t1 ! loss f accid5t1 dur+ a season1 w be v slight--p]haps no?+ at all4 ,great c>e %\ld be tak5 9 weigh+ milk1 to n only weigh x "r1 b to make ! patron feel t 8 milk is hone/ly weigh$1 & t he is likewise hone/ly cr$it$ on ! milk-book4 ,mu* suspicion & h>d feel+ are liable to spr+ up1 if ! man :o weighs ! milk has ! appe>ance ( be+ ha/y & c>eless--especially if he %\ld be ill-natur$ & disagreeable 9 8 mann]s4 ,& x may n be out ( place "h to rem>k1 t good mann]s & a _s ( accommodation are no m out ( place 9 a *eese-factory ?an any:]e else4 ,among a l>ge numb] ( patrons1 x w\ld be /range if !re 7 n disagreeable1 ill-mann]ly m52 b a man :o reta9s 8 self-possession & always acts fairly & talks reasonably1 w seldom fail to get along tol]ably well & reta9 ! good w ( all4 ,x is ! "r ( ! patron to "k t 8 milk is correctly weigh$ & cr$it$1 & e reasonable facility %\ld be af=d$ him to satisfy himself t he is fairly dealt )4 ,x becomes ! duty ( "o receiv+ milk to see t x is deliv]$ 9 prop] condition4 ,exp]i5ce1 a good eye & a good nose1 are all useful assi/ants4 ,ev5 ) ! use ( all ^!1 messes w sometimes get into ! vat t nev] ought to be !re4 ,b :5 a patron's milk is f\nd n to be "r1 x is n necess>y to insult or abuse him1 nor to make a g5]al exposure ( him4 ,nei!r law nor duty requires ?is4 ,he %\ld be k9dly in=m$ ( ! fact1 told :at ! matt] is ) 8 milk & :at he _h bett] d to remove ! evil4 ,if y d n wi% to take ! mess1 y c express y\r regrets at 8 mis=tune1 & %[ him t x w\ld cause great damage1 "s ( :i* mu/ necess>ily fall on himself4 ,if ! mess is objectionable1 b w pass1 give him notice t y w be oblig$ to refuse x 9 future1 if n 9 a bett] condition4 ,:5 y h done ?is1 m words ) him are unnecess>y1 & y h all ! advantage1 = ! law & ! community are on y\r side4 ,b1 ) a reasonable man1 x w n be necess>y to m ?an call 8 att5tion to ! fact t 8 milk is bad4 ,! cause may be ! result ( accid5t or ov]sight on ! "p ( 8 help1 & he w at once set himself to "w to apply ! rem$y4 ,! importance ( deliv]+ milk 9 good condition is m & m ackn[l$g$ e ye>1 & n a few patrons pride !mselves on deliv]+ z good milk z any ( _! neighbors4 ,x is well to enc\rage ?is feel+ by giv+ e man cr$it :o takes pa9s ) 8 milk4 ,no?+ is worse ?an :olesale d5unciation & fault f9d+4 ,x only disc\rages _m1 creates bad feel+1 & makes an up-hill road a r\gh "o z well4 ,a *eese-mak] ne$s fri5ds1 if anybody does2 & if he does n get !m among 8 patrons1 he is n likely to get !m at all4 ,9 t case1 8 sev5 days a week ( h>d1 ?ankless toil & c>e are likely to weigh heavily on body & m9d4 ,! greate/ difficulty is usually exp]i5c$ 9 old factories1 :]e ! conv5i5ces are n g5]ally up to ! m mod]n m>k1 & patrons fell into bad habits be=e exp]i5ce _h develop$ a bett] k ( ! requirem5ts ( *eese-mak+4 ,new patrons w submit to be tra9$1 & a s5sible *eese-mak]1 :o kn[s :at he wants1 c g5]ally get !m to d almo/ any?+ at ! op5+ ( a new factory4 ,9 ?is way1 he c discipl9e !m & get !m 9 ! habit ( tak+ good c>e ( _! milk4 ,b1 9 an old factory1 :]e ev]y?+ />t$ (f badly1 ! old adage1 t x is h>d to le>n old dogs new tricks1 is apt to be exemplifi$4 ,!y dislike innovations1 ?9k a new man1 :o wants to be p>ticul>1 wi%es to put !m to useless tr\ble1 & !y are n dispos$ to gratify him1 b r to gr[l at him1 & feel t :at 0 good en\gh = o!rs is good en\gh = him4 ,su* conduct is all wrong1 & ^? :o are guilty ( x /& 9 _! own light4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,big ,,av]ages4 ,x is ! cu/om 9 _m factories to balance ! scales s t a p\nd or s is tak5 out ( ea* mess1 9 ord] to help make a big av]age = ! season4 ,t is1 e mess is made to weigh a p\nd or s less ?an its actual weight1 & is s ent]$ on ! book4 ,9 ?is way1 if sixty or sev5ty messes are receiv$1 ! *eese-mak] has t numb] ( p\nds ( milk m to make up ?an is *>g$ aga9/ him4 ,?is am\nt twice a day w\ld enable him to turn out "s twelve or f\rte5 p\nds ( *eese m ?an he ought to if he receiv$ no m p\nds ( milk ?an he gives cr$it = on ! milk-book4 ,?us he makes x appe> to ! patrons1 & publi%es x ultimately to ! _w1 t he uses less p\nds ( milk 9 mak+ a p\nd ( *eese ?an is ! actual fact4 ,9 common phrase1 he makes a big av]age4 ,let u illu/rate a little4 ,suppose t5 hundr$ & t5 p\nds ( milk are deliv]$ 9 t5 messes4 ,! entry on ! book is "o ?\s& p\nds4 ,out ( ?is he makes "o hundr$ & "o p\nds ( cur$ *eese4 ,if ! milk _h be5 correctly weigh$1 ! fact w\ld appe> t he made "o p\nd ( m>ketable *eese = e t5 p\nds ( milk4 ,b x really appe>s t x took a fraction less ?an t5 p\nds ( milk1 or #i4i p\nds1 = a p\nd ( *eese4 ,?is is ! advantage :i* he has1 9 ! eyes ( ! community1 ov] ! mak] :o gives hone/ weight4 ,?is is ! rew>d ( 8 petty di%one/y4 ,9 ju/ification ( ?is1 x is argu$ t x keeps up n only ! reputation ( ! mak] b ! reputation ( ! factory1 :ile x wrongs no "o1 s9ce ! patrons get all ! *eese1 or its equival5t 9 money1 & all are s]v$ alike4 ,we admit t ! patrons get all ! products ( ! milk1 b let u see = a mom5t :e!r all are treat$ fairly4 ,e patron has a p\nd ( milk d$uct$ f ea* mess4 ,,smi? br+s a hundr$ p\nd mess1 & is !re=e dock$ "o hundr$? "p ( x4 ,,jones1 ) only "o c[1 deliv]s a t5 p\nd mess1 & is dock$ "o-t5? ( x4 ,?us1 at ! end ( ?irty days1 ea* has deliv]$ sixty messes4 ,,smi? has deliv]$ #f1jjj p\nds & be5 cr$it$ = #e1idj4 ,,jones has deliv]$ #fjj p\nds1 & got cr$it = #edj4 ,if t5 p\nds ( milk make "o p\nd ( *eese1 ! acc\nt ought to /& ?us3 ,smi?1 #fjjj lbs4 milk1 #fjj lbs4 *eese4 ,jones1 #fjj lbs4 milk1 #fj lbs4 *eese4 --- ,total1 #ffj ,b1 "u ! sy/em ( d$uct+ a p\nd f ea* mess1 9 ord] to %[ a big av]age1 ! acc\nt really /&s ?us3 ,smi?1 #e1idj lbs4 milk1 #fje lbs4 *eese4 ,jones1 #edj lbs4 milk1 #ee lbs4 *eese4 --- ,total1 #ffj ,at tw5ty c5ts a p\nd = *eese1 ,,jones1 because he is poor & deliv]s a small mess1 loses j "o doll> on 8 mon?'s milk1 & ,,smi?1 because he is bett] (f & has a bigg] mess1 gets ! doll> add$ to 8 pr(its4 ,?is1 9 pla9 figures1 is ! result ( d$uct+ weight 9 ord] to %[ a big av]age4 ,let no "o :o reads ?is d x aga94 ,he c no long] plead ignorance1 & cont9ue to rob ,,pet] = ! b5efit ( ,,paul1 "u ! supposition t he is treat+ all alike & fairly4 ,unque/ionably1 some?+ %\ld be all[$ = ! diff]5ce betwe5 a dry & a wet c4 ,! am\nt is trifl+1 & c be got at by balanc+ ! scales imm$iately aft] runn+ out a c ( milk4 ,b1 :5 ! scales are balanc$ ) a wet c1 !y w n balance exactly :5 ! c is dry2 & :oev] deliv]s ! fir/ mess & wets ! c w suff] a slight loss1 unless c>e is tak5 to give good weight4 ,! v>iation w g5]ally n be m ?an a qu>t] ( a p\nd or s1 & c be ne>ly en\gh approximat$ by att5tion to ! fractions ( a p\nd d5ot$ by ! scales4 ,( c\rse1 9 weigh+ milk1 only ! full p\nds c be c\nt$ & cr$it$1 ! fractions go+ to make up full weight4 ,z quick weight is dem&$ 9 sell+ *eese1 milk :5 receiv$ %\ld be weigh$ 9 ! same way4 ,?is is fair1 & ought to be satisfactory to all4 ,b :e!r quick or sl[ weight is giv51 let x be hone/4 ,9 ! long run1 hone/y is ! be/ policy 9 weigh+ milk z well z 9 o!r transactions2 &1 9 ?is case1 x is absolutely ess5tial to ju/ice4 ,a little d$uction or v>iation on a s+le mess1 is ( small consequ5ce2 b _m mickles make a muckle1 & :5 ! v>iation f a correct /&>d is con/antly 9 "o direction1 aft] a :ile x am\nts to a noticeable quantity4 ,occasionally a mess ( milk w get run into ! vat )\t weigh+1 by ! weigh] =gett+ to close ! gate or faucet4 ,:5 an accid5t ( ?is k9d happ5s1 !re is no fair] way ?an to give cr$it = an av]age mess z comp>$ ) ! messes at ! same "t ( day previ\sly4 ,if ! patron is a fair man1 !re w be little tr\ble 9 hitt+ ^u a satisfactory figure4 ,if dispos$ to make ! mo/ ( a mi/ake1 he w be likely to tell y t he ?\ght he _h a l>g] mess ?an usual1 & cr[d y up to z high a figure z possible4 ,b "o has to ex]cise 8 be/ judgm5t1 & give su* cr$it z he ?9ks w wrong no "o4 ,su* mi/akes1 ?\gh almo/ unavoidable1 are unpleasant to "o :o is s5sitive & wi%es to keep ! good side ( all2 & n only c>e %\ld be tak51 b e precaution %\ld be us$1 to prev5t !m4 ,! h&le or lev] = clos+ ! gate %\ld be 9 full sight1 & "o %\ld acquire ! habit ( work+ sy/ematically1 s t he may in/9ctively d :at is necess>y1 ev5 ?\gh 8 att5tion be = ! mom5t div]t$ f 8 bus9ess4 ,great c>e is requir$1 too1 9 mak+ ! entries 9 ! milk book4 ,a mess1 by c>elessness1 may be cr$it$ to ! wrong man2 b :5 ! man to :om ! cr$it is wrongfully giv5 pres5ts himself1 ! mi/ake is likely to be discov]$1 ?\gh y may n be able to det]m9e at once to :om ! cr$it belongs4 ,9 su* case1 pres]ve ! figures1 & :5 y\r messes are all 91 turn ov] ! leaves ( ! book & see :o is )\t cr$it4 ,! size ( ! mess is g5]ally "s indication4 ,"o is liable1 too1 to make a mi/ake ( fifty or a hundr$ p\nds 9 look+ at ! scales4 ,b ! habit ( comp>+ e entry ) ! previ\s ones z y make x1 w %[ ! discrepancy4 ,:]e su* v>iation is notic$1 ( c\rse ano!r glance at ! weight w det]m9e :e!r x is a mi/ake or n4 ,x is a v good practice to call out ! weight ( ea* mess4 ,?is af=ds satisfaction to ! patron z well z gu>ds aga9/ all[+ errors to pass4 ,b1 "u all circum/ances1 too mu* att5tion _c be paid to keep+ ! milk-book correctly4 ,x is ! only guide to ! di/ribution ( ! proce$s ( ! factory1 & ! ?\ght ( ev5 a possible mi/ake ought to give an hone/ man a /rong s5se ( responsibility4 ,no bank book is ( m importance4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,conductors1 ,,/ra9]s1 ,,etc4 ,:5 treat+ ( receiv+ milk1 we spake ( conductors z difficult to clean4 ,we consid] !m an abom9ation 9 a *eese factory2 yet almo/ e factory uses !m4 ,we believe !re are "s1 h[ev]1 arrang$ = deliv]+ & receiv+ milk by driv+ ?r\gh "o end ( ! factory4 ,! milk is br\ght 9 small cans1 out ( :i* x is p\r$ into ! weigh+-c by h&4 ,! weigh+-c is on a truck runn+ on a railway along ! sides or ends ( ! vats1 into :i* ! milk is readily empti$ by tipp+4 ,?is does away ) bo? faucets & conductors1 & ! idea is wor?y ! att5tion ( all factorym54 ,:5 cranes are us$ 9 receiv+ milk1 ! outside conductors are n ne$$1 b !re are two or ?ree long conductors1 inside ! factory1 us$ = runn+ ! milk f ! weigh+-c into ! vats4 ,sometimes we see "o ( ^! t9 tubes t5 or fifte5 feet long4 ,x is impossible to keep su* a ?+ clean4 ,a peep into ?is1 or %ort] ones1 w %[ t !y are n kept clean4 ,take z mu* pa9s z ! h&s may to clean !m ) a swab on a long /ick1 !y w soon get coat$ ov] inside by ! milk dry+ on2 &1 unless extra pa9s is tak51 !y w be l9$ ) a beautiful coat+ ( gre5 & gold6 ,!y are us$ at night1 &1 unless ! wea!r is v bad--& _m pay no att5tion to ! wea!r--!y are all[$ to /& ov] night :]e us$1 ready = ! next morn+4 ,! milk & cream get dri$ on ! inside surface1 & nobody has ! "t1 if ! disposition1 to soak x (f4 ,fur!r1 t9 conductors w get d5ts 9 !m4 ,! milk w collect & dry 9 ! angles made by ^! d5ts4 ,h[1 9 ! "n ( common s5se1 c any "o get at !m to clean !m1 9 a tube t5 or ev5 f\r feet long8 ,x is an impossibility4 ,! milk collects1 f day to day1 until ! conductor is full ( f\l f]m5ts1 ?r\gh :i* all ! milk ( ! factory is run & ta9t$4 ,x is no fault ( ! *eese-mak]1 because he c't help x1 if he employs a h& con/antly on ^! abom9able tubes4 ,he may use a swab ) /rong ley1 or salt & wat]1 or bo?1 & run hot wat] ?r\gh ! tubes till ! patrons beg9 to come ) _! milk1 b ! damn$ spots w n out4 ,( c\rse1 he w some:at neutralize _! active prop]ties z f]m5ts1 b he does n altoge!r get rid ( !m4 ,! only way 9 :i* he c d x1 is to pit* ! na/y ?+s out ( ! w9d[4 ,if conductors mu/ be us$--& _! use seems to be a =egone conclusion--let !m be made 9 ! =m ( op5 sp\ts4 ,a foot or s next to ! head1 is all ! tube t is ne$$--& ?is %\ld be l>ge en\gh to readily admit ! h& = ! purpose ( wa%+4 ,! re/ %\ld be an op5 sp\t1 :i* c be easily & spe$ily clean$ & scald$4 ,_m own]s ( factories1 h[ev]1 are too p5uri\s to sp5d a few doll>s 9 ord] to get rid ( ?is nuisance ( long t9 conductors4 ,!y w\ld r lose--or1 at lea/1 run ! risk ( los+--five hundr$ doll>s on ! sale ( _! *eese1 ?an sp5d five doll>s = ! purpose ( avoid+ ?is fruitful s\rce ( ta9t4 ,if ! *eese is poor1 ! blame c be laid on ! *eese-mak]2 or1 if ! ta9t is too manife/ 9 ! vat ( milk or curd1 x c be *>g$ ^u ! c>elessness ( ! patrons4 ,!re is ano!r s\rce ( tr\ble1 :i* lies entirely ) ! *eese-mak]1 or ) ! h&s "u him :om he tru/s4 ,?is is ! /ra9]4 ,9 cool wea!r1 p]haps !re w be no difficulty1 if ! /ra9] is prop]ly wa%$1 scald$ & dri$ ea* morn+ aft] ! milk is all 94 ,b 9 hot wea!r1 especially if ! atmosph]e is damp & /eamy1 if a /ra9] is left ov] night )\t r9s+1 x is sure to s\r4 ,yet1 ! /ra9]1 l ! conductor1 is (t5 left at night j z us$1 ready = ! reception ( ! next morn+'s milk4 ,bo? are likely to be s\r4 ,! milk 9 ! vat is old1 especially next ! cream1 :i* acts z an air-tight cov]+4 ,n[1 run hot milk ?r\gh ! s\r c1 conductor & /ra9]1 into ?is mess ( *ang$ milk1 & any "o1 ) ev5 b a modicum ( bra9s1 c see :at is likely to be ! consequ5ce4 ,x w be a bat* ( s\r1 leaky *eese4 ,:]e an agitator is us$1 ! tr\ble ( milk s\r+ or ta9t+ b5ea? an air-tight cov]+ ( cream1 is obviat$4 ,wa%+ cans1 conductors & /ra9]s at night1 gets rid ( ! difficulty f ^! s\rces--t is1 z f> z ! c & /ra9] are conc]n$1 & p>tially z reg>ds ! conductor4 ,a ?or\gh r9s+ 9 cold wat]1 imm$iately aft] ! la/ mess is run 91 w be f\nd to answ] ! purpose4 ,x is usually late1 & !re is no hot wat] = regul> wa%+ & scald+4 ,b a few mom5ts' "w w complete ! r9s+ 9 cold wat]1 & ?is w n be f\nd a v h>d task = ev5 ! jad$ h&s ( a *eese-factory4 ,dur+ all ! hot wea!r1 ?is %\ld be /rictly att5d$ to4 ,x w pay 9 a d\ble s5se--x w prev5t s\rness1 & make ! c1 conductor & /ra9] easi] to wa% ! next day4 ,! old-fa%ion$ !rmomet] is also a s\rce ( annoyance1 if c>e is n tak5 9 clean+ x4 ,x w fill up ) f]m5ts betwe5 ! face & back1 9 an a/oni%+ly %ort space ( "t1 dur+ hot wea!r4 ,9 %ort1 !re is no way ( keep+ x p]fectly clean1 except by slipp+ ! !rmomet] out ( ! back or case1 & c>efully wa%+ & scald+ x--& 9 do+ ?is1 x is exce$+ly liable to get brok54 ,we are !re=e glad to notice ! introduction ( a new !rmomet] = dairy purposes4 ,x is simply con/ruct$1 pla91 easy to clean1 & no m exp5sive ?an ! common k9d n[ 9 use4 ,^? 9 ne$ ( !rmomet]s w f9d ?is /yle mu* bett] adapt$ to _! uses4 ,! glass is fa/5$ to a pla9 plate ( metal1 ! two edges ( :i* are b5t =w>d to give x ! requisite /iffness4 ,( c\rse1 agitators1 dipp]s1 rakes1 c41 ne$ to be c>efully clean$4 ,b we h be=e spok5 ( ! importance ( ! mo/ scrupul\s att5tion to cleanl9ess ?r\gh\t1 on ! "p ( ! *eese-mak] z well z ( ! patron4 ,cleanl9ess is an indisp5sable virtue 9 all dep>tm5ts ( dairy+4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,color4 ,"o w\ld h>dly ?9k ( associat+ *eese-mak+ ) ! f9e arts2 yet1 9 :at o!r light c we view ! subject ( color8 ,x adds no?+ to ! quality ( ! *eese1 b r detracts f x4 ,x is exp5sive & tr\blesome1 & gr[s m s e ye>1 z ! dem& = annotto runs up ! price & leads to adult]ation4 ,b z long z we make *eese = a =eign m>ket1 we mu/ adapt our goods to ! ta/es ( t m>ket1 :e!r !y be physical or m5tal4 ,our home m>ket w\ld1 p]haps1 n suff] f ! omission ( color2 b ! ,engli% m>ket dem&s1 to a l>ge ext5t1 highly-color$ *eese4 ,! ,liv]pool m>ket w take a small quantity ( pale *eese1 b x does n equal m ?an "o-fif? ( ! dem& ( ! ,engli% m>ket4 ,a few factories1 :i* sell exclusively to buy]s :o supply ! ,liv]pool dem& = pale *eese1 may safely omit ! color2 b all :i* dep5d on ! g5]al m>ket _c safely d s4 ,! ,london m>ket specially dem&s a high color1 & x is no less exact+ n[ ?an x has be5 h]et(ore4 ,! cry ( buy]s g5]ally is1 ,keep up ! color6 ,! exceptions to ?is are few1 & are conf9$ to ^? :o h special ord]s = pale *eese to supply ! dem& above indicat$4 ,! ,engli% consum] acquir$ 8 ta/e = gold5-hu$ *eese be=e ! ,am]ican make f\nd any consid]able m>ket abroad--inde$1 be=e we _h mu* *eese to sell4 ,! fir/ object 9 color+ seems to h be5 to give a ri* butt] color4 ,9 ?is way1 *eese 0 made to appe> ri* :e!r x really 0 s or n4 ,b ! %ade has be5 consid]ably int5sifi$ & ! ,engli% eye is be/ pleas$ ) ! color produc$ by ! use ( prime annotto1 ) :i* x has become famili>4 ,?is may be a prejudice1 b x is a comp>atively h>mless "o2 & s9ce our cu/om] is will+ to pay = x1 !re seems to be no good reason :y x %\ld n be gratifi$4 ,x is = our int]e/ to please ! eye z well z ! appetite ( s l>ge a buy] ( our products z ,engl&4 ,%e wants ab\t f\r-fif?s ( h] *eese highly b nicely color$4 ,! compla9t among buy]s g5]ally is1 t color is too l[4 ,9 reply to sugge/ions ab\t ! fact1 mak]s (t5 say t !y nev] us$ m color+1 b x does n produce ! desir$ effect4 ,!y h paid a high price = :at 0 suppos$ to be prime annotto1 b x proves to be ext5sively adult]at$1 & !re=e weak4 ,?is is n ! compla9t ( all1 b ( _m4 ,"s h adopt$ ! use ( prep>$ annotto1 & f9d x *eap] & m satisfactory4 ,:5 prime annotto c\ld readily be _h1 x 0 *eap] to buy ! basket & prep>e x !mselves4 ,b n[1 "o poor basket1 dur+ a season1 imposes a loss great] ?an ! diff]5ce 9 price betwe5 ! prep>$ & ! unprep>$4 ,!re is ano!r evil ab\t ! use ( poor annotto4 ,x is n only exp5sive & does n give ! desir$ color1 b :at color x does give fades out ) age1 & leaves ! *eese ) a cl\dy1 mottl$ appe>ance1 :i* is v (f5sive to ! eye ( our be/ cu/om]s4 ,aga91 :]e poor annotto is b\ght 9 ! basket & prep>$ at ! factory1 x conta9s a l>ge am\nt ( s$im5t1 & ?is s$im5t1 (t5 conta9+ delet]i\s sub/ances1 too frequ5tly gets into ! *eese4 ,! liquid is n prop]ly settl$ & rack$ (f4 ,?is af=ds ano!r argum5t 9 favor ( buy+ prep>$ annotto1 :i*1 if prop]ly put up1 is free f s$im5t4 ,^? :o pref] to buy ! basket annotto & prep>e x !mselves1 %\ld buy only on ! w>rant ( ! deal] t x is :at x is recomm5d$ to be4 ,! deal] %\ld te/ a sample ( 8 annotto1 be=e (f]+ x = sale1 & "k precisely :at he is sell+4 ,buy]s by ?us pur*as+ only ( well-kn[n deal]s1 :o sell ^u honor1 w disc\rage rascality4 ,?is is ! only me?od we see = keep+ ! spuri\s article out ( m>ket1 & secur+ satisfactory results 9 color+4 ,we w\ld sugge/ to ^? :o prep>e _! own annotto1 t !y use conc5trat$ ley or pota%4 ,by do+ s1 !y w secure j z good a %ade z !y c by us+ ley f wood-a%es1 & n only save ! tr\ble ( bo!r+ ) a lea*1 b secure uni=m /r5g?4 ,two lea*es w seldom turn out ley ( ! same /r5g?4 ,sometimes x w be /rong & satisfactory4 ,b if y happ5 to get a lot ( s(t wood a%es 9 y\r lea*1 ! ley w be weak1 imp]fectly dissolve ! annotto1 & mat]ially injure ! liquid4 ,9 fact1 x is difficult to get y\r color+ twice alike by ! use ( a common lea*4 ,b ) conc5trat$ ley or pota%1 ! same quantities or proportions ( mat]ials1 mix$ 9 ! same way1 w produce ! same result4 ,y c !re=e keep y\r color ev51 & w n be call$ ^u to exp]im5t & *ange y\r h& e "t y prep>e a new bat* ( annotto4 ,! diff]5ce 9 exp5se w be trifl+1 & r 9 favor ( ! use ( pota%1 if "t & tr\ble are c\nt$ ( any value4 ,! prep>$ annotto ought to be kept 9 a /one j>1 z ! ley op]ates injuri\sly ^u wood1 & is liable to leave a tub 9 a leaky condition z ! liquid is us$ out & ! tub dries4 ,:]e annotto is pur*as$ already prep>$1 ( c\rse x comes 9 vessels suitable to keep x 92 b :5 prep>$ at ! factory1 a receptacle has to be provid$1 & no?+ is bett] ?an /one or e>!n-w>e4 ,9 hot wea!r1 ! liquid is liable to smell badly f ! action ( ! heat on x4 ,a little salt /irr$ 9 w be f\nd useful z a prev5tive aga9/ ?is4 ,x is n necess>y to discuss at l5g? ! "q ( ! effect ( color+ on ! quality ( ! *eese4 ,! introduction ( a /rong alkal9e prep>ation _c be )\t "s effect2 & :5 t happ5s to be adult]at$ ) "s vile sub/ance1 ! effect _c be o!rwise ?an injuri\s4 ,! annotto itself is g5]ally conc$$ to be h>mless2 & ! ley is1 at mo/1 b a neutraliz] ( ! lactic acid1 b ! quantity is n suffici5t1 p]haps1 to produce any p]ceptible result4 ,at all ev5ts1 color is dem&$2 annotto1 prep>$ ) ley or pota%1 is ! accept$ mat]ial2 s we h only to color ) annotto to suit ! ta/e ( our cu/om]4 ,we are assur$ t nicely color$ *eese w br+ f a c5t to a c5t & a half a p\nd m ?an ! same quality ( *eese w br+ :5 pale4 ,buy]s 9 "s in/ances advise ! mak+ ( pale *eese because !y h a special ord] = x2 b !y usually expect to get x a little "u ! highe/ m>ket quotations1 & factorym5 :o all[ !mselves to drop ! color on ! advice ( an int]e/$ buy]1 because x is easy & co/s no?+ directly to d s1 run ! risk ( be+ caught & ( los+ a great deal m ?an !y c save by omitt+ ! color+4 ,we nev] he>d ( a lot ( *eese be+ condemn$ because x 0 too nicely color$2 b we frequ5tly he> ( compla9ts & losses because *eese is too pale4 ,! *ances are at lea/ f\r to "o 9 favor ( high-color$ *eese2 & ev5 ! fif? *ance is n positively aga9/ color1 ?\gh ! o!r f\r are /rongly aga9/ lack ( color4 ,he :o wi%es to h ! wide/ range ( m>kets1 & to comm& ! be/ m>kets1 mu/ pay /rict att5tion to color--n only mu/ he color1 b color well & ev5ly4 ,we h an objection to color1 = reasons satisfactory to ourselves2 & buy]s c h no int]e/ 9 induc+ mak]s to color _! *eese1 beyond ! fact t x makes x m m>ketable--& 9 ?is1 patrons & factorym5 h a mu* great] int]e/ ?an deal]s c h4 ,! m>ket dem&s a ri*1 ev5 color1 & w n be satisfi$ )\t x4 ,we say1 !re=e1 z a matt] ( doll>s & c5ts--n ( ta/e1 *oice or conv5i5ce--keep up ! color4 ,we w give two recipes = prep>+ annotto3 #a4 ,to five p\nds ( prime annotto put five gallons ( /rong ley1 made f wood a%es2 gradually heat up & dissolve ! annotto1 c>e be+ tak5 to n scor* x on ! bottom ( ! kettle4 ,( c\rse ?or\gh /irr+ is ess5tial4 ,:5 ! annotto is all dissolv$1 add five p\nds ( sal soda & five gallons ( s(t wat]4 ,!n g5tly boil ! :ole = tw5ty or ?irty m9utes4 ,?is makes ab\t t5 gallons ( prep>$ color+4 ,if boil$ away to less1 add suffici5t ley & s(t wat]1 9 equal quantities1 to make t am\nt4 ,"s omit ! sal soda2 b x is g5]ally believ$ t x n only adds /r5g? to ! prep>ation1 b improves ! color by giv+ x m ( a ri*1 butt]y hue1 in/ead ( a r$4 ,! :ole1 :5 suffici5tly cool$ to h&le safely1 %\ld be set 9 a tub1 ) a faucet two or ?ree in*es f ! bottom1 to settle4 ,:5 settl$1 x c be drawn (f1 & is ready = use4 #b4 ,mix 9 ! proportion ( five qu>ts ( wat] to half a p\nd ( conc5trat$ ley1 & "o p\nd ( prime annotto4 ,fir/ dissolve ! ley 9 ! wat]1 by heat+ & /irr+1 & !n add ! annotto1 & dissolve x4 ,boil g5tly = half an h\r4 ,c>e1 z ) ! o!r prep>ation1 %\ld be tak5 n to burn x4 ,settle & rack (f4 ,!n y\r liquid is ready = use4 ,! second recipe is ! "o mo/ us$1 & is easie/ to prep>e1 z x avoids ! labor1 p]plexity & risk ( mak+ ! ley1 :i* may n always be ( ! desir$ /r5g?1 z ! a%es may n be ! same4 ,b if a%es are us$1 hot wat] is be/ to lee* ?r\gh !m4 ,a qu>t ( salt to t5 gallons ( prep>ation w improve its keep+ qualities4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,r5net4 ,an indisp5sable requisite 9 mak+ *eese is good r5net4 ,no?+ else w answ] ! purpose4 ,diff]5t sub/itutes h f "t to "t be5 tri$1 b all h met ) indiff]5t success1 or absolutely fail$4 ,acids w produce coagulation1 b !y spoil ! quality ( ! *eese4 ,x 0 once suppos$ t ! ga/ric juice ( ! calve's /oma* 0 acid1 & produc$ coagulation by s\r+4 ,b x has be5 demon/rat$ t good curd c be produc$ f sweet new milk1 by ! use ( r5net1 )\t ! developm5t ( acid 9 ei!r ! curd or ! :ey4 ,h[ or :y ! pr9ciple obta9$ by soak+ ! calve's /oma* produces coagulation has n yet be5 discov]$4 ,:at ! pr9ciple is1 is n ev5 kn[n4 ,x appe>s to be conta9$ 9 ! ga/ric juice secret$ by ! inn] membranes ( ! /oma*1 & a small quantity ( r5net1 /irr$ into a vat ( milk1 seems to coagulate x 9 ! same mann] t milk tak5 into ! calve's /oma* is coagulat$4 ,we all "k ! fact t by ! use ( r5net we c make *eese4 ,beyond ?is1 we h little k2 s f> z we are aw>e1 sci5tific m5 are j z mu* 9 ! d>k z ! *eese-mak]4 ,z ! /oma* ( ! calf is bifold1 we h se5 ! mi/ake frequ5tly made ( sav+ ! wrong "o4 ,b we presume patrons are g5]ally well in=m$ on ?is po9t n[1 aft] s _m ye>s' exp]i5ce4 ,:]e ! /oma* is n entirely empty1 ! pres5ce ( curd is a sure guide4 ,always save ! /oma* t conta9s ! curd1 & no mi/ake w be made4 ,if ! /oma* is empty1 save ! "o t has a smoo? inside surface4 ,! "o t has a r\gh1 honey-comb-l inside surface is wor?less = *eese-mak+1 & %\ld1 ( c\rse1 be reject$4 ,!re are ?ree or f\r ways ( pres]v+ ! r5net or /oma*1 = future use4 ,only two1 we believe1 are g5]ally practic$ 9 ,am]ica4 ,9 all cases1 ! r5net is to be turn$ wrong side out1 all its cont5ts be+ ?r[n away1 & ! inn] surface c>efully clean$ by pick+ (f all hairs & bits ( grass1 hay or o!r sub/ance :i* ! calf may h tak5 into its /oma*4 ,b ! r5net %\ld nev] be wa%$1 & great c>e %\ld be tak5 n to remove any ( ! inn] membrane ( ! r5net1 z 9 ?is membrane resides all its /r5g?4 ,wa%+ w\ld r9se out ! ga/ric juice1 & weak5 ! r5net2 & mu* wa%+ w\ld r5d] x ne>ly or q wor?less4 ,:5 prop]ly clean$1 ! r5net %\ld be ?or\ghly rubb$ ) salt1 outside & 91 turn$ ! "r side out1 /ret*$ on a crot*$ /ick or on a hoop1 & hung up 9 a cool1 dry place1 to cure4 ,9 private dairies1 ! f>m]'s wife1 aft] salt+ ! r5net1 sometimes spreads x on an e>!n plate & sets x away to dry1 frequ5tly turn+ x on ! plate4 ,r5nets dri$ 9 ?is way are nice1 b x is too mu* "w to t5d to !m = a g5]al adoption ( ?is me?od ( dry+4 ,dry+ on a /ick or a hoop is ! common way1 & answ]s ! purpose v well4 ,! only tr\ble is to f9d a place bo? dry & cool4 ,x is g5]ally conc$$1 we believe1 t heat injures ! /r5g? ( ! r5net4 ,h5ce ! importance ( cur+ x 9 a cool place4 ,freez+ is ?\ght by _m to add to or develop ! /r5g? ( ! r5net4 ,be ?is z x may1 old r5nets1 t h hang up 9 ! dry-h\se or "s o!r conv5i5t place ?r\gh ! w9t]1 w g mu* fur!r 9 *eese-mak+ ?an new r5nets4 ,ano!r me?od ( pres]v+ r5nets is by pack+ !m into salt4 ,?is is q common1 & is practic$ by "s ( our be/ factories4 ,x is less tr\blesome ?an dry+ !m1 & is a sure prev5tive aga9/ mo?s1 :i* are apt to get into dri$ r5nets4 ,by salt+ !m d[n1 !re is less tr\ble to f9d a cool place 9 :i* to keep !m dur+ ! summ]4 ,b c>e %\ld be tak5 to use only ! pure/ salt 9 pack+ r5nets4 ,salt n fit to salt curd ) is n fit to pack r5nets 91 = :5 ! r5nets are us$1 ! salt w be 9 ! liquid & f9d its way into ! mass ( curd4 ,besides1 pure salt is mu* ! bett] pres]vative1 & w keep ei!r meat or r5nets sweet] ?an impure salt4 ,"s ?9k r5nets pres]v$ 9 ?is way are n z /rong z ^? t are dri$4 ,we d n q see ! philosophy ( ?is1 s9ce by pack+ 9 salt1 none ( ! virtues ( ! r5net c escape by evaporation1 & mu/ be reta9$ ei!r 9 ! r5net or 9 ! salt4 ,x may be said t ! salt injures ! /r5g? ( ! r5net4 ,if s1 :y does x n prove equally injuri\s :5 ! r5net is dri$8 ,9 bo? me?ods ( pres]v+1 salt is freely us$--g5]ally all t ! r5net w absorb4 ,a bat* ( dri$ r5nets may g f>!r ?an ! same numb] pack$ 9 salt1 & vice v]sa2 b ?is does n prove t ! same r5nets w\ld n h equal virtues pres]v$ by ei!r me?od4 ,! ,g]man me?od ( pres]v+ r5nets is by bl[+ !m up l a bladd]1 & dry+ !m4 ,?is is ! way 9 :i* ! ,bav>ian r5nets1 :i* rea* ?is c\ntry1 are pres]v$4 ,we believe no salt is us$4 ,! me?od is simple1 & if x answ]s ! purpose equally well1 we see n :y x may n be adopt$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,we und]/& t ! ,bav>ian r5nets give v good satisfaction4 ,b1 z we h nev] us$ !m1 nor se5 !m us$1 we _c speak f positive k4 ,veal r5nets are g5]ally suppos$ to be bett] ?an deacon r5nets4 ,c]ta9 x is t ! /oma* ( a calf t nev] suck$ ! c[ is n wor? mu* 9 *eese-mak+4 ,x is bo? small & weak4 ,x seems to be necess>y t ! process ( dige/ion %\ld g on = a :ile1 at lea/1 t all ! functions ( ! animal may become active & a full secretion ( ga/ric juice take place4 ,"s are ( ! op9ion t ! r5net is be/ :5 ! calf is f ?ree to five days old1 z at t age x is n likely to h tak5 any?+ b milk into its /oma*1 :i* is be/ prep>$ = dige/+ t k9d ( food1 ! fir/ process ( :i* is coagulation4 ,veal calves are apt to get hold ( o!r food1 & ! /oma* is !re=e less exclusively adapt$ to a milk diet4 ,h5ce1 x is argu$1 if ! veal r5net is bett] ?an ! deacon1 ! /oma* ( ! c[ or ox ought to be bett] ?an t ( ! veal calf4 ,:atev] may be ! conclusion1 we h1 & %all probably cont9ue to h1 bo? deacon & veal r5nets1 bo? k9ds ( :i* h be5 f\nd to "w satisfactorily4 ,mu* seems to dep5d on ! condition ( ! calf :5 kill$4 ,if x goes too long )\t food1 ! /oma* gets inflam$ & is n only depriv$ ( its /r5g?1 b is p>tially diseas$1 &1 !re=e1 unfit = *eese-mak+4 ,?is is ! condition ( mo/ ( ! r5nets tak5 f calves kill$ 9 our l>g] cities1 ! calves go+ )\t food sometimes two or ?ree days4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :5 ! calf has a full /oma*1 ! juices seem to be absorb$ 9 ! food1 & ! r5net is1 !re=e1 weak4 ,! be/ "t = kill+ ! calf appe>s to be j aft] ! /oma* has empti$ itself1 :5 ! appetite ( ! calf beg9s to be %>p & ! secretions ( ga/ric juice are copi\s4 ,?is w g5]ally be f\nd f twelve to eighte5 h\rs aft] eat+4 ,if f$ at night1 x may be kill$ any "t ! next =5oon4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,prep>+ ,,r5net4 ,! process ( prep>+ r5net = use is v simple1 & s g5]ally und]/ood t we ne$ n m ?an give a few h9ts on ! subject4 ,9 putt+ r5nets to soak1 c>e %\ld be tak5 n to all[ any ta9t$ ones to get into ! bat*4 ,:5 !y are pack$ 9 salt1 x is n difficult to make a selection4 ,if ! poor r5net does n smell1 x w be pretty likely to be discolor$ & unheal?ful look+1 in/ead ( hav+ a :iti%1 :olesome appe>ance4 ,all r5nets ?us discolor$ %\ld be ?r[n away z worse ?an useless--z positively injuri\s4 ,if ! r5nets are dri$1 x may n be s easy to detect ! poor ones be=e putt+ !m to soak4 ,aft] soak+1 _! quality w be q app>5t2 b mu* ( _! injuri\s effect may be avoid$ by promptly reject+ !m )\t rubb+4 ,x is g5]ally1 & we believe correctly1 und]/ood t diseas$ or ta9t$ r5nets produce bo? huffy & bad-keep+ *eese1 by ! introduction ( decay$ animal sub/ances4 ,x c]ta9ly _c improve ! quality ( ! *eese to mix ) x ! bro? ( c>rion4 ,cle> :ey is ! common & be/ liquid = soak+ r5nets4 ,wat] 0 once & is n[ sometimes us$1 b x ne$s to be v s(t & pure1 & is improv$ by boil+4 ,we h nev] tri$ wat]1 b x is ass]t$ by ^? :o h us$ x = soak+ r5nets t a bat* prep>$ ) x w n keep sweet z long z "o prep>$ ) :ey1 b t boil+ ! wat] keeps x sweet long] ?an x w keep if n boil$4 ,we ?9k ! pur] ! :ey ! bett]1 & !re=e pref] t :i* fir/ sep>ates f ! curd aft] sett+4 ,"s are n p>ticul>1 & "s pref] ! salt :ey t runs f ! presses4 ,!re is a sav+ ( salt 9 ?is1 b we ?9k ?is liquid _c be z good to introduce into milk z t conta9+ less *eesy & butt]y p>ticles4 ,boil+ ! :ey & skimm+ x1 aft]w>d all[+ x to cool & settle1 t ! s$im5t may also be exclud$1 is said to be a great improvem5t1 & we c easily believe ?is to be true4 ,x is n only free f impurities1 b x =ms a %>p acid t acts readily ^u ! r5nets & extracts m completely ! peps91 ga/ric juice1 or :atev] x may be t coagulates ! milk4 ,x is said t q a sav+ 9 r5nets c be effect$ by us+ scald$ :ey = soak+ !m4 ,tw5ty or tw5ty-five prime r5nets put into a half b>rel ( :ey w make a good prep>ation4 ,x c be made /rong]1 ( c\rse1 by ! addition ( m r5nets1 or p\r+ 9 a less am\nt ( :ey2 b x is que/ionable if ! entire /r5g? c be extract$ by us+ a less quantity ( :ey 9 proportion to ! numb] ( r5nets4 ,!y ne$ to be rubb$ at lea/ ?ree times1 ea* "t 9 a new bat* ( :ey4 ,! second "t ! prep>ation w be f\nd ab\t z /rong z ! fir/4 ,! ?ird rubb+ & r9s+ may be 9 fre% :ey to be us$ = soak+ a new bat* ( r5nets4 ,we l to h two tubs or j>s = soak+ ! r5nets1 "o = ! fir/ & ! o!r = ! second rubb+1 alt]nately4 ,aft] rubb+ ! second "t1 put ! r5nets 9 a sack made ( /ra9] clo?1 to keep !m sep>ate1 & soak !m ) ! bat* int5d$ = ! next second rubb+4 ,9 ?is way ! /r5g? ( ! prep>ation f ! bat* may be kept equal to t f ! fir/4 ,rub ! ?ird "t1 & r9se 9 fre% :ey1 z be=e indicat$1 :5 ! /r5g? w be f\nd pretty completely extract$4 ,if dri$ r5nets are us$1 x w be necess>y to add salt to ! :ey :5 ! bat* is put to soak4 ,e "t new :ey is add$1 m salt w be requir$4 ,:]e ! r5nets are pack$ 9 salt !re w usually be salt en\gh = ! fir/ soak+ adh]+ to !m2 if n1 x may be increas$ 9 quantity by a few h&fuls ( t loose 9 ! b>rel 9 :i* !y h be5 pack$4 ,z ! r5nets w float on ! :ey1 !y %\ld be ?or\ghly /irr$ up z (t5 z night & morn+1 & a little salt spr9kl$ ov] ^? left on ! top4 ,we pref] /one j>s1 bo? = soak+ r5nets & to keep ! prep>$ r5net 91 because !y are s mu* m easily kept sweet ?an wood5 tubs c be4 ,( all ?+s1 we dete/ a /9k+ r5net tub or j>4 ,frequ5t scald+1 :5 empti$1 is necess>y4 ,:5 ! prep>ation is kept 9 a tub1 x w be advantage\s to rub a little salt1 ea* morn+1 on ! sides ( ! tub left expos$ to ! air1 aft] sett+ ! milk1 by ! l[]+ ( ! liquid4 ,by all means1 d any?+ & ev]y?+ t may be necess>y to keep ! r5net tubs or j>s f /9k+ s badly t ! /5* w ne>ly suffocate "o on uncov]+ !m4 ,a sweet r5net tub is ! evid5ce ( important qualities 9 a *eese-mak]--c>e & cleanl9ess4 ,( c\rse1 !re are v>i\s ways ( manag+1 z reg>ds quantity1 conv5i5ce's sake1 & s on1 b we d n believe ! pr9ciples involv$ 9 ! process ( select+ & prep>+ r5nets = use1 z we h giv5 x1 c be violat$ or neglect$ )\t loss 9 "s mann]4 ,! importance ( prop]ly-prep>$ r5net1 & ( keep+ x sweet & clean1 _c be too highly e/imat$4 ,bad luck 9 *eese-mak+ might n infrequ5tly be trac$ to ! r5net tub2 :ile good luck may be z (t5 trac$ to ! same s\rce4 ,look out = y\r r5nets & take c>e ( y\r r5net-tubs or j>s4 ,!y may make or m> y\r =tune4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,sett+4 ,! temp]ature ( #hb to #hf is g5]ally consid]$ ! be/ = sett+--! =m] 9 hot & ! latt] 9 cold wea!r4 ,?is gives an av]age ( #hd = mild wea!r4 ,p]haps ?is po9t is z good z any = sett+4 ,b x is wor? be>+ 9 m9d t ! milk w coagulate soon]1 aft] add+ ! r5net1 at a high ?an at a l[ temp]ature4 ,! same milk w set quick] at #hf ?an at #hb1 & at ! po9ts 9 ! vat :]e ! heat is greate/1 or ! milk cools lea/ by radiation1 ! curd w become t\gh & difficult to cut1 :ile o!r p>ts ( ! mass w rema9 t5d] & cut easily4 ,?is n only demon/rates ! great] activity ( ! r5net at a high] heat1 b ! importance ( an ev5 heat ?r\gh\t1 & ( keep+ x f fall+4 ,"s ?r[ a clo? ov] ! vat1 aft] ! milk beg9s to ?ick5 & agitation is no long] necess>y to keep ! cream f ris+4 ,?is is a good practice1 we believe1 z x ret>ds ! r$uction ( temp]ature by radiation1 & keeps ! heat m equaliz$4 ,?is w secure a m uni=m action ( ! r5net1 & r5d] ! cutt+ less difficult & less liable to cause wa/e4 ,:5 ! r5net is once add$ & ?or\ghly incorporat$ ) ! milk1 we believe x w\ld be bett] if ! mass c\ld h p]fect re/ until ! curd is ready to cut4 ,we ?9k ! curd is m likely to be spongy 9 consequ5ce ( ! cont9u$ or frequ5t agitation kept up to prev5t ! cream f ris+4 ,all "k t a /ir too mu* aft] ! milk beg9s to look ?ick1 & roll heavily1 prev5ts ! =mation ( a solid curd4 ,x refuses to unite 9 "o uni=m mass1 & rema9s 9 small1 sep>ate p>ticles4 ,b1 :5 ! milk is all "r1 obs]vation w %[ t su* a curd makes f9e *eese1 ?\gh !re is great wa/e f ! f9e p>ticles float+ (f ) ! :ey4 ,& :y w x make f9e *eese8 ,because x is 9 small p>ticles1 gets ?or\ghly & ev5ly cook$1 & ! butt] is equally di/ribut$ ?r\gh x4 ,b ! difficulty ( prev5t+ ! cream f ris+ & =m+ a cream-curd1 t w float on ! :ey1 if x does n wa/e1 ne$s to be ov]come be=e we c all[ ! milk p]fect re/ aft] incorporat+ ! r5net4 ,we are n aw>e ( any me?od = accompli%+ ?is4 ,agitation ( ! surface1 at lea/1 seems necess>y to reta9 ! cream2 b if ! surface only is agitat$1 manife/ly ! cream w escape f ! bottom ( ! mass & impov]i% x :ile enri*+ ! top4 ,a ?or\gh /irr+ ( ! :ole mass1 !re=e1 w keep ! cream m equally di/ribut$1 & x w also secure a great] uni=mity ( temp]ature4 ,! *eese mu/ be ( ev5] texture ?an if made ( curd ( diff]5t degrees ( ri*ness mix$ toge!r4 ,x is a "q = debate z to :e!r ! cream :i* rises on milk is ?or\ghly incorporat$ ) x by /irr+4 ,t butt] is wa/$ 9 mak+ *eese1 is a fact t _c be d5i$4 ,"s ?9k t ne>ly all ! cream t rises on ! vat dur+ ! night is float$ (f 9 ! :ey4 ,we _c indorse ?is conclusion1 al?\gh x is ass]t$ t :]e agitators are us$1 & ! cream is ?us prev5t$ f ris+1 !re is a great sav+ ( ! butt]4 ,b "o fact is wor? a ?\s& fictions 9 ! practical affairs ( life1 :atev] x be 9 romance4 ,cream w mix ) ! milk by /irr+1 & g to enri* ! *eese1 z is prov$ 9 ! manufacture ( ! ,engli% ,/ilton *eese4 ,9 ! manufacture ( ?is1 ! cream ( ! night's milk is tak5 (f & add$ to ! morn+'s milk1 :i* is work$ up sep>ately4 ,! *eese is greatly enri*$ !reby4 ,h[ mu* ! wa/e ( butt] is increas$1 we are unable to say4 ,we "k f our own exp]i5ce1 t skimm+ ! night's milk1 in/ead ( /irr+ 9 ! cream1 makes a m>k$ diff]5ce 9 ! yield & quality ( ! make4 ,! fir/ ?+ 9 sett+1 :5 a vat ( milk is rais$ to ! prop] temp]ature1 is to add ! color+4 ,?is is a /rong alkal9e prep>ation1 & mu/ h a t5d5cy to ret>d ! developm5t ( ! lactic acid1 if x does n comb9e ) x 9 =m+ a neutral salt4 ,if no effect is p]ceptible1 beyond ! color x imp>ts1 x is simply because ! quantity is s small4 ,probably ! effect ( ! alkali 9 ! annotto is m ?an c\nt]act$ by ! acid 9 ! r5net4 ,no?+ z good z cle> :ey has be5 f\nd = soak+ r5nets4 ,"s ?9k ! acid an advantage 9 ! work+ ( ! milk1 & o!rs g s f> z to add1 9 cold wea!r1 a quantity ( %>p :ey to ! milk along ) t 9 ! prep>$ r5net4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 ha/5s ! developm5t ( acid ?r\gh\t ! mass4 ,b we _c say t we approve ( do+ any?+ to *ange ! milk1 & ?us s\r ! curd be=e cook+4 ,we pref] to h ! milk z sweet z possible :5 set1 & to keep ! curd sweet until x is cook$4 ,!n we w\ld develop ! acid 9 ! :ey4 ,= ?is reason1 if s\r :ey is to be add$1 we %\ld add x aft] ! curd is cook$1 = ! purpose ( ha/5+ ! developm5t ( ! lactic acid 9 ! :ey4 ,?is seems to u to be ! mo/ rational c\rse1 f :at our exp]i5ce has taught u4 ,if fair exp]im5t %\ld demon/rate t we are 9 error z to :5 & :]e ! developm5t ( ! acid %\ld take place1 we %all be will+ to yield ! po9t4 ,! am\nt ( prep>$ r5net t x is necess>y to add to ! milk1 dep5ds ^u its /r5g?1 :i* c be det]m9$ only by exp]im5t4 ,suffici5t %\ld be us$ to coagulate ! milk 9 t5 or fifte5 m9utes1 & r5d] x fit to cut 9 ?irty or =ty m9utes4 ,if ! milk is old1 ! same quantity ( r5net w cause x to "w soon]1 z x %\ld4 ,"s w\ld add less r5net4 ,we w\ld n4 ,! milk ne$s to "w fa/]1 & ! acid1 al?\gh x coagulates ! milk1 w n supply ! place ( ! r5net4 ,! r5net ought to be /rong en\gh to require n m ?an a qu>t to a ?\s& p\nds ( milk4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,cutt+ ,,curds4 ,*eese-mak+ 0 once c>ri$ on )\t cutt+ ! curd2 & ev5 s9ce ! introduction ( ! factory sy/em1 !re h be5 ^? :o d5\nc$ ! idea ( us+ a cutt+ in/rum5t4 ,break+ up ! curd ) ! h&s 0 consid]$ ! bett] me?od z incurr+ less wa/e1 bo? ( butt] & *eese4 ,su* ideas1 ?\gh ent]ta9$ b a few ye>s ago1 are obsolete4 ,cutt+ curds is n[ univ]sal1 c]ta9ly 9 ,am]ica4 ,! only que/ions are z to ! "t1 mann] & ext5t ( cutt+4 ,:5 %\ld ! curd be cut8 ,practically1 !re is little diff]5ce ( op9ion on ?is "q4 ,"s may cut a little soon] or lat] ?an o!rs1 & ev5 ! same p]son may n always be precise z to ! "t ( cutt+4 ,b all w agree t a curd %\ld n be cut be=e x is firm en\gh to break squ>e & smoo? ov] ! f+] )\t :it5+ ! :ey2 & !y w also agree t x %\ld be cut be=e x gets t\gh en\gh to drive along ahead ( ! knife4 ,we w\ld cut x z soon z x c be done )\t wa/e1 :ile ! curd is t5d]2 & we w\ld d all ! cutt+ at once4 ,!re is no s5se 9 runn+ ! knife ?r\gh ! curd "o way1 & !n lett+ ! curd /& & t\gh5 be=e cross-cutt+ & complet+ ! op]ation4 ,if x is fit to p>tly cut1 x is fit to :olly cut2 & ! soon] ! cutt+ is done )1 ! bett]4 ,"t = ! sep>ation ( ! :ey c be giv5 aft] ! cutt+ is done1 & be=e ! heat is fur!r rais$4 ,! cutt+ %\ld be done z c>efully z possible & z ev5ly z possible4 ,! few] ! motions1 ! bett]4 ,if x c\ld be done in/antane\sly & uni=mly1 )\t agitation1 x w\ld be an advantage4 ,at ! "r "t1 we w\ld l to h ! entire vat ( curd in/antane\sly sep>at$ into pieces ( uni=m size4 ,?is is ! end to be aim$ at4 ,we are f> f rea*+ x ) pres5t appliances4 ,we c only approximate x z ne>ly z possible4 ,a knife1 !re=e1 ) blades ne> toge!r is pref]able to "o ) blades f>!r ap>t4 ,z to ! ext5t ( ! cutt+1 !re is m diff]5ce ( op9ion1 ?\gh ! diff]5ce has mu* dim9i%$ s9ce ! mania = co>se curds ran its c\rse4 ,a few yet cl+ to ?is explod$ notion2 b ! great majority *oose a m$ium degree ( f95ess4 ,x has be5 f\nd t ! l>ge pieces d n suffici5tly cook1 especially if ! milk is old en\gh to "w quick4 ,! consequ5ce is an unev5 texture1 & a det]iorat$ flavor4 ,suffici5t :ey rema9s 9 ! c5t]s ( ! l>ge lumps to f]m5t & give ! *eese ! smell ( ! :ey-vat1 if x does n s\r & cause ! *eese to become leaky & dry4 ,possibly1 if ! wea!r be favorable = cur+1 ! :ey may collect 9 pung5t drops ?r\gh\t ! *eese1 %[+ !mselves :5 cut some:at z !y d 9 ! ,limburg]4 ,su* *eese1 we ?9k1 is likely to ultimately approximate ! ,limburg] 9 bo? odor & flavor4 ,x w please "s ta/es1 b w n answ] = ! be/ m>kets4 ,m$ium curds are n[ ! rule4 ,z *eese-mak]s h approximat$ f9e curds1 !y h improv$ ! quality ( _! *eese4 ,we believe /ill f9] cutt+ w prove a fur!r advantage4 ,we w give our reasons = ?9k+ s1 & w add t our exp]i5ce1 z f> z x goes1 corroborates ! idea4 ,x secures a m uni=m action ( ! heat & sep>ation ( ! :ey1 & !re=e an ev5] texture & bett] flavor1 ) correspond+ly improv$ keep+ qualities4 ,:at is ! object & advantage ( cutt+ at all8 ,:y n let ! curd rema9 9 "o unbrok5 mass8 ,we cut ! curd = ! purpose ( facilitat+ ! sep>ation ( ! fluids f ! solids by ! comb9$ action ( ! r5net & heat4 ,is x n desirable t ?is action %\ld be uni=m on e p>ticle ( curd8 ,we ?9k ?is "q w be g5]ally answ]$ 9 ! affirmative4 ,if s1 !n x mu/ be conc$$ t ! f9] ! curd is cut ! m ne>ly ! desir$ result w be atta9$4 ,if x c\ld be sep>at$ p>ticle f p>ticle1 )\t wa/e1 w\ld n ! action ( ! heat & r5net be m p]fect /ill8 ,:5 9 lumps1 ! ext]nals ( !m mu/ necess>ily be cook$ m ?an ! c5t]s1 & ! evil ( ov]-cook+--if !re is su* an evil ) a blood heat temp]ature--is illy c\nt]act$ by ! mixture ( curd cook$ to diff]5t degrees--"s ov]done & "s und]done4 ,x %\ld all be cook$ alike1 to :atev] degree ! cook+ may be c>ri$4 ,?is w secure uni=mity ( texture & quality1 & also clean flavor1 if ! cook+ is complete4 ,b1 ( c\rse1 9 cutt+ a curd f9e !re is dang] ( wa/e--wa/e ( curd1 b n necess>ily wa/e ( butt]1 unless ! curd is s\r4 ,!n x is impossible to avoid wa/e ( butt] by any process t we are aw>e (--& ) a s\r curd !re is all ! m necessity = cutt+ f9e & cook+ rapidly & ?or\ghly4 ,) prop] c>e1 ! evil ( s\r milk c be avoid$4 ,) good sweet milk & prop] managem5t1 !re is v little dang] ( wa/e ( any k9d1 cut z f9e z we c ) ! common knife4 ,we w\ld cut s t ! pieces :5 cook$ %\ld n be l>g] ?an k]nels ( corn2 & ?\gh _m object to x1 we %\ld n1 if ! pieces 7 z small z buck:eat--& z regul> 9 size4 ,we w\ld n use a knife ) ! blades m ?an a qu>t] ( an in* ap>t4 ,?\gh we h nev] us$ a knife = cutt+ horizontally1 ! idea comm5ds itself to our judgm5t4 ,we w\ld c>efully cut fir/ ) ! horizontal knife1 leav+ ! ?9 slabs ( curd ly+ "o ^u ! o!r4 ,!n1 )\t wait+ = ! :ey to rise or ! curd to s9k1 we w\ld use ! p]p5dicul> blades l5g?wise ( ! vat1 r$uc+ ! slabs to long squ>e /rips1 & foll[ ?is ) ! cross-cutt+ until ! pieces 7 at lea/ z small z bee*nuts4 ,aft] ?is1 ! curd may be all[$ to /& a few m9utes1 = ! :ey to sep>ate1 be=e />t+ ! heat--provid$ ! milk is sweet en\gh to p]mit ( delay4 ,b if ! milk %\ld give any indication ( be+ old1 we w\ld beg9 at once to gradually raise ! heat2 if q old & *ang$1 we w\ld cr[d ! heat z fa/ z practicable4 ,to sum up 9 brief1 we w\ld cut a curd & complete ! cutt+ z soon z x c be done )\t wa/e2 we w\ld cut x z exp$iti\sly z possible & ) z few motions2 we w\ld cut x z f9e z c>e aga9/ wa/e w\ld w>rant2 we w\ld raise ! heat z gradually & ev5ly z circum/ances w\ld p]mit2 we w\ld cook z ?or\ghly & z ev5ly z possible2 we w\ld keep up ! heat until ! curd is done2 we w\ld !n let ! acid develop 9 ! :ey until x is pla9ly *ang$2 we w\ld dip z w>m z conv5i5t1 dra9 & salt1 cool to at lea/ #hj1 & !n put to press4 ,) good milk1 good r5net & a good place to cure ! *eese 91 we %\ld expect 9 ?is way to turn out a tip-top article4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,heat4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important elem5ts 9 *eese-mak+ is heat2 b we d n believe ! importance ( its prop] regulation is suffici5tly und]/ood by our *eese-mak]s4 ,we are aw>e t *eese c be made )\t ! use ( artificial heat4 ,x is n su* an article1 h[ev]1 z w\ld meet ) a ready sale1 or be likely to increase ! consumptive dem& = *eese4 ,a good-keep+1 mild & nutty-flavor$ *eese _c readily be produc$1 if at all1 ) a temp]ature l[] ?an #if2 nor c a ri*1 butt]y article be made ) a temp]ature ov] #ajb4 ,we consid] #f ! wide/ all[able range ( heat1 & ?9k #ih to #ajj1 or full blood-heat1 ! be/ temp]ature4 ,ev5ness & /ead9ess ( temp]ature are two important po9ts4 ,t app>atus is be/ :i* heats ! milk ?r\gh\t ! vat ! mo/ ev5ly--leaves x ! free/ f hot places & cold places1 at ! sides1 ends1 or on ! bottom4 ,a p]fect app>atus w\ld raise ! temp]ature ( e p>ticle ( milk at ! same "t & at ! same rate2 & reta9 ?is p]fectly ev5 heat at ! desir$ po9t until ! cook+ is complet$4 ,! difficulty1 ) mo/ or all heat+ app>atus1 is to raise ! heat ( ! entire mass to ! requir$ temp]ature1 )\t submitt+ "s p>ticles to a great] degree ( heat ?an is necess>y1 or heat+ !m 9 advance ( ! re/1 to be /irr$ 9 & p>tially cool$ aga94 ,we believe t an ev5 cook or scald is ( ! utmo/ importance1 & t ev]y?+ t c be %\ld be done to secure t end4 ,if ?or\ghly accompli%$1 ) sweet milk to beg9 )1 we h no fe>s z to ! ri*ness1 f9e flavor & good keep+ qualities ( ! *eese4 ,!re is no o!r ?+1 9 our op9ion1 :i* w g s f> t[>d secur+ ^! ?ree desirable qualities4 ,ano!r ?+1 z be=e indicat$1 we consid] ( great importance 9 secur+ a ?or\gh cook+ & prop] sep>ation ( ! :ey f ! curd4 ,we ref] to /ead9ess ( temp]ature4 ,x seems to u a great mi/ake1 :5 ! temp]ature is once up1 to n keep x !re1 )\t ris+ or l[]+4 ,x seems a misapplication ( t]ms to speak ( cook+ or scald+ at a temp]ature ( #ih or #ajj degrees2 yet1 we all "k t blood-heat is all t is requir$ = *eese-mak+4 ,?is heat seems necess>y4 ,p]haps x is because nature design$ ! ga/ric juice f ! r5net to op]ate at ! temp]ature4 ,x is a well e/abli%$ fact t dige/ion w n g on :5 ! temp]ature ( ! /oma* is bel[ t ( blood-heat4 ,we presume a mu* high] temp]ature is equally detrim5tal4 ,?is may acc\nt = ! fact t blood-heat is ! be/ = *eese-mak+1 z at t temp]ature ! r5net is mo/ active4 ,be ?is z x may1 we are satisfi$ t ! process is ret>d$ & ! curd det]iorat$ by all[+ ! temp]ature to fall dur+ ! "t x is 9 ! scald4 ,in/ead ( cook+1 & cond5s+1 z x %\ld1 9 ord] to expel ! :ey1 x is only soak+ & s\r+4 ,! mom5t ! acid is suffici5tly develop$1 ?\gh ! curd be yet s(t & raw1 ! :ey is drawn1 ! curd is fur!r cool$ & soak$1 & !n dipp$1 dra9$1 salt$ & put to press4 ,a leaky *eese is ! result4 ,if ! wea!r is cool & bad = cur+1 a s\r *eese foll[s4 ,b :atev] ! wea!r may be1 we d\bt if a leaky *eese ev] yet turn$ out all "r 9 flavor & quality4 ,x c nev] h t nutty1 new-milk flavor :i* belongs to *eese prop]ly cook$4 ,we presume !re are ^? :o w diff] ) u 9 op9ion1 b we %\ld dem& ! positive evid5ce ( at lea/ f\r s5ses be=e believ+ we are wrong4 ,we say1 !re=e1 raise y\r temp]ature gradually & ev5ly1 to full blood-heat1 & !re reta9 x until y\r curd is ready to dip4 ,!n we believe x w\ld be an advantage to dip & dra91 )\t cool+ m ?an :at _c be avoid$1 & salt w>m4 ,b ( salt+1 we w speak m at l5g? "s o!r "t4 ,we are n[ discuss+ ! "q ( heat4 ,let u give a little e-day illu/ration4 ,suppose ! h\sewife 7 to put h] potatoes = d9n] 9 a kettle ( wat]1 run ! heat up to #bab1 & !n all[ x to cool by radiation until ! potatoes are done4 ,:at k9d ( a di% w\ld !y make8 ,or1 aft] %e _h cook$ h] potatoes1 suppose %e %\ld let !m /& & soak until !y are cool en\gh to h&le )\t dang] ( burn+ or scald+ any "o4 ,:o w\ld want to eat ! wat]y ?+s8 ,! tru? is1 #bab is ! prop] temp]ature = boil+ potatoes1 & ! soon] & hott] y c get !m out ( ! wat]1 ! bett]4 ,s1 9 our op9ion1 blood-heat1 or #ih to #ajj1 is ! prop] temp]ature = cook+ *eese curd1 & t aft] ! curd is done1 ! soon] & w>m] x is dipp$1 ! bett] = ! curd--! sweet]1 ri*]-flavor$ & bett] gra9$ 7n pa/y1 b m ( ! consi/5cy ( h>d1 well-made butt]1 :i* %[s ! batt] globules :ole7 w be ! *eese1 & its keep+ qualities w be correspond+ly improv$4 ,x may be a little m "w to cool ! curd 9 ! air1 & h>d] keep+ x f pack+2 b if dipp$ w>m1 ! :ey w ! soon] dra9 (f1 & ! salt c be ! soon] ?r[n on1 :5 x w p5etrate quick]1 season ! mass m ev5ly1 & =m a coat+ to ! p>ticles ( curd1 :i* w keep !m f pack+ toge!r4 ,b :e!r ! curd is cool$ be=e dipp+ or n1 we ma9ta9 t x is a great advantage to keep ! temp]ature up to blood-heat dur+ ! entire process aft] ! heat is once rais$4 ,) self-heat+ app>atus1 ?is c be done by keep+ a v little fire go+--j en\gh to supply ! loss ( heat f radiation4 ,:]e ! heat+ is done by runn+ w>m wat] ar\nd ! milk-vat1 a curr5t ( ! prop] temp]ature c be kept up4 ,if /eam is us$1 p]haps a small jet c be kept p\r+ into ! space ar\nd ! vat4 ,b 9 all ^! cases1 ! dang] is t too high a temp]ature w h to be kept up at ! po9t ( apply+ ! heat1 9 ord] to prev5t ! temp]ature ( ! :ole mass f fall+4 ,?is is a decid$ objection1 & necessitates a great deal ( /irr+1 :i* is only a palliative ( & n a rem$y = ! evil4 ,( c\rse we write ) ref]5ce to ! managem5t ( heat ) milk t is sweet & 9 prop] condition = *eese-mak+4 ,:]e x is old1 or ta9t$1 to beg9 )1 x is necess>y to hurry ! heat1 & e op]ation connect$ ) ! process ( mak+ x up4 ,a high] temp]ature & less "t w be f\nd to produce a v simil> effect to a l[] temp]ature & m "t4 ,b1 9 all cases1 an ev51 /eady heat %\ld be aim$ at & ma9ta9$ to ! end4 ,we nev] c\ld q und]/& ! philosophy ( cook+ less 9 ! spr+ & fall ?an 9 ! summ]4 ,! idea t x makes ! *eese m butt]y to dip ! curd raw1 seems to u v absurd4 ,if !re is any "t :5 a curd ne$s to be ?or\ghly cook$1 x is :5 ! wea!r is cool & unfavorable = cur+4 ,if ! :ey is n prop]ly expell$ by ! action ( heat1 x has got to ei!r dry out or leak out1 or bo?4 ,if !re is too mu* left 9 ! curd to dry out1 long be=e x c leak out1 y\r *eese w be s\r1 ) a puck]$ face1 & sundry ugly cracks4 ,ev5 :5 ! *eese does n absolutely drip1 if ! curd is dipp$ :ile und]done1 x w s\r1 ! face w h a corrugat$ appe>ance1 & ! *eese w try crumbly & s\r4 ,! color w also be pal] ?an 9 ^? t are prop]ly cook$1 ! g5]al look w be clammy1 & no r9d w =m t w be satisfactory4 ,ev5 :5 well-cook$ & well-made1 if a *eese does n h suffici5t w>m?1 x w s\r on ! ranges & spoil2 & x /&s to reason t *eese made f a curd insuffici5tly cook$ mu/ "w a great deal worse "u unfavorable conditions = cur+4 ,our exp]i5ce is1 t a curd ne$s m cook+ 9 ! spr+ & fall ?an w answ] 9 hot1 dry wea!r4 ,if we mu/ h a curd dipp$ s(t at any season ( ! ye>1 we say let x be at t season :5 ! wea!r is be/ = dry+ & cur+4 ,a *eese t w\ld become wor?less on ! ranges 9 cold1 wet wea!r1 may turn out pretty fair 9 dog days4 ,b we d n believe 9 und]cook+ at any "t4 ,food1 ( all k9ds1 ne$s z mu* cook+ "o season ( ! ye> z ano!r4 ,x is q likely1 h[ev]1 t a degree or two l[] heat w answ] 9 cool wea!r1 = ! reason t milk keeps bett] !n1 & ! curd rema9s long] 9 ! scald be=e tak+ on acid4 ,9 ?is case1 we h a l[] heat = a long] "t1 :i* w produce ! same result z a high] heat = a %ort] "t4 ,b 9 bo? cases ! curd ought to be cook$ ! same4 ,:atev] degree ( heat is decid$ ^u1 let x be kept up1 /eady & uni=m ?r\gh\t ! mass1 & at all seasons ( ! ye> let ! curd be cook$ done4 ,?is is specially important :5 ! conditions = cur+ are unfavorable4 ,y mu/ d1 !n1 9 ! vat "p ( ! "w :i* c be done on ! ranges :5 ! wea!r is favorable4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,acid4 ,ano!r important ag5t 9 *eese-mak+ is acid4 ,?is y are pretty sure to h1 at "s /age ( ! process1 & ! *ief "q seems to be z to :5 y w h x4 ,x is said t milk fre% f ! c[ manife/s ! pres5ce ( lactic acid4 ,! quantity is v slight1 h[ev]1 & "u favorable circum/ances ! developm5t is sl[4 ,:]e milk is prop]ly cool$ imm$iately aft] be+ tak5 f ! c[1 & ! factoryman has good facilities = keep+ x cool1 x w be f\nd1 :5 ! "t comes to beg9 ! process ( work+ up1 :at is call$ sweet4 ,x w n ta/e z fre% & clean z :5 fir/ cool$ aft] milk+2 b no acid w be p]ceptible to ei!r ta/e or smell--n ev5 en\gh to make x :at is t]m$ old4 ,"s ?9k age makes ! milk all ! bett] = *eese-mak+1 & we believe x is g5]ally und]/ood t milk fre% f ! c[ does n "w q satisfactorily4 ,h[ev]1 we place no great /ress on ?is op9ion4 ,old milk w "w quick] ?an new milk2 ! acid w develop soon] to ! po9t desir$ by ! *eese-mak]1 & ?is sav+ ( "t d\btless has some?+ to d ) ! decision 9 favor ( age 9 milk = ! purpose ( *eese-mak+4 ,our impression is1 t milk _c be too sweet :5 ! r5net is add$1 & t if suffici5t "t is tak5 to develop ! acid 9 ! :ey be=e dipp+1 ! fre% milk w be f\nd to turn out ! f9e/-flavor$ & be/-keep+ *eese4 ,! acid is n want$ 9 ! curd1 b 9 ! :ey4 ,if ! milk is s\r1 to beg9 )1 or q advanc$ t[>d s\rness1 ! lactic acid mu/ p]vade e p>ticle ( ! :ole mass4 ,n[1 x /rikes u t ! correct idea is to expel ! :ey f ! curd1 z f> z possible1 be=e ! acid makes its appe>ance1 & let ! acid develop 9 ! :ey aft]w>d1 s z to furni% a sort ( pickle4 ,! acid w develop %>ply at "s /age 9 ! process2 &1 z we h be=e said1 ! "q to be decid$ seems to be z to :at po9t x is be/ to h x develop at4 ,we say1 ) ! light we at pres5t h be=e u1 we ?9k ! acid %\ld nev] be all[$ to develop mu* be=e ! curd is cook$ & ! :ey is prop]ly expell$2 !n let ! :ey take on acid to q a p]ceptible degree be=e dipp+ ! curd4 ,we d\bt if x makes mu* diff]5ce :e!r ! acidulation takes place :ile ! curd is float+ 9 ! :ey1 or aft] ! :ey is drawn (f & :ile ! curd /&s & dra9s4 ,!re is r m conv5i5ce 9 h&l+ to leave ! :ey on & /ir ! curd suffici5tly to keep x f pack+2 b ! *$d> *eese1 :i* is g5]ally consid]$ ! be/ ( any1 is made by /ack+ ! curd1 aft] cook+1 & all[+ ! :ey t cl+s to x to take on acid4 ,b :]e ! milk is all "r1 to beg9 )1 & ! curd is prop]ly manag$ & cook$1 we d\bt if x makes any mat]ial diff]5ce :i* process is adopt$ = all[+ ! acid to develop4 ,) su* a curd1 !re is little dang] ( its be+ injur$ by ! acid1 z any "o c demon/rate by all[+ curd to /& unpress$ ov] night1 z is (t5 done ) small remnants1 :5 ! pieces w be f\nd cov]$ ) an almo/ v9eg>-s\r acid4 ,gr9d ?is curd & put x to press1 & !re w be no signs ( s\r *eese4 ,! developm5t ( ! acid is absolutely necess>y to secure good keep+ qualities & a mild1 clean flavor4 ,dip a curd be=e ! :ey has become p]ceptibly acid1 or is on ! v]ge ( *ang+1 & we ?9k t a rank1 bitt] flavor w be sure to foll[4 ,! abs5ce ( suffici5t lactic acid leaves ! album5 9 a condition likely to decompose1 :ile ! butyric acid develops itself1 z 9 rancid butt]1 & ! two comb9e to make a v unpalatable flavor to "o nice ab\t ! ta/e ( 8 *eese4 ,"s pref] /rong *eese4 ,to su*1 ! ne>] ! flavor approa*es t ( smok$ h]r+ & tobacco1 ! great] ! gu/atory gratification4 ,! pr9cipal difficulty 9 work+ up s\r milk is to get suffici5t action ( ! r5net & heat on ! curd to prop]ly cond5se x & expel ! :ey4 ,x is a mi/ake1 !re=e1 to dip a curd s(t because x is s\r4 ,run y\r heat up to #ajd or ev5 #ajf1 z soon z possible1 & keep x !re until y\r curd is cook$4 ,x is s\r1 & no?+ b cook+ w save x1 if any?+ w4 ,! :ey mu/ & w come out4 ,if y d n expel x f ! p>ticles ( curd 9 ! vat1 y w n be able to press x out suffici5tly to keep x f work+ & leak+ out :ile ! *eese /&s on ! ranges4 ,if any?+ w prev5t s\r milk f mak+ leaky *eese1 x is ?or\gh cook+4 ,?is process y %\ld hurry up z mu* z possible--always hav+ an eye to keep+ ! heat ev51 & prev5t+ wa/e ( butt]4 ,! acid1 act+ on ! butt] globules1 makes _! coat+s t5d]4 ,!re=e1 h&le ! curd z c>efully z possible1 cool well be=e putt+ to press1 & press g5tly1 increas+ ! pressure gradually4 ,b1 if y h succe$$ 9 gett+ y\r curd prop]ly cook$1 y h done "o ( ! be/ ?+s possible to reta9 ! butt]4 ,if1 :5 y put ! curd to press1 y f9d y h m ?an ! usual bulk ( curd1 fill+ ! hoops full] & refus+ to yield readily to ! pressure ( ! screw--z is g5]ally ! case ) s\r milk1 z manag$ 9 mo/ factories--y may "k t y h n done y\r "w ?or\ghly1 & !re=e look out = leaky1 s\r1 poor *eese4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if y h cond5s$ ! curd to ! usual bulk1 s t x works well "u ! screw1 y may hope = a fair *eese1 t may pass mu/] :5 ! buy] comes along4 ,we (t5 he> ! rem>k1 :5 any?+ is said ab\t develop+ ! acid1 ,no s\r *eese = me2 ,i pref] to dip my curd sweet4 ,p :o talk 9 ?is way ei!r make bitt]1 bad-flavor$ *eese1 or else get on m acid ?an !y are aw>e (1 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ dull ta/e & smell4 ,!y judge by ! appe>ance & feel ( ! curd :5 x is 9 condition to dip1 & may succe$ 9 hitt+ ! "r po9t4 ,9 hot wea!r1 x is h>dly possible n to develop ! acid suffici5tly4 ,b if !y really dip ! curd sweet1 we d n believe x possible t _! *eese c be up to ! /&>d dem&$ by ! be/ m>kets1 ?\gh !y may succe$ 9 gett+ a fair price = x4 ,n all buy]s are really good judges1 & few] /ill "k :at ! matt] is ) a *eese t is imp]fectly made4 ,!y "k1 p]haps1 t !re is some?+ wrong ab\t x2 b :at1 !y are unable to say4 ,fur!r1 we believe ! av]age price ( ,am]ican *eese l[] ?an x %\ld be1 9 consequ5ce ( s little really prime *eese1 & ( ! l>ge am\nt ( second-rate2 & t1 z yet1 our buy]s are n suffici5tly discrim9at+ 9 _! pur*ases & prices1 ?\gh !y are ye>ly gr[+ m s4 ,bo? buy]s & *eese-mak]s ne$ m exp]i5ce & a bett] und]/&+ ( :at is requisite 9 ! manufacture ( a prime article4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,dipp+ ,,curds4 ,!re is no?+ s difficult 9 *eese-mak+ z to det]m9e ! exact po9t :5 a curd ought to be tak5 out ( ! vat & salt$4 ,a slight v>iation ei!r way f ?is po9t makes an unev5 lot ( *eese1 & mu* v>iation spoils ! bat*1 s t x w n pass = prime4 ,e *eese-mak] has felt ! want ( "s te/ :]eby ! exact po9t1 :5 a curd is suffici5tly done to dip1 c be det]m9$ ) c]ta9ty4 ,nei!r ! s5se ( smell1 ! s5se ( ta/e1 nor ! s5se ( t\* is infallible4 ,! evid5ce ( ?is fact c be se5 9 any factory dur+ ! season ( *eese-mak+4 ,a simple te/ ( acidity1 :i* is claim$ to be conclusive1 is ! application ( a hot iron to a lump ( curd4 ,! iron wants to be se>+ hot--n r$ hot1 b hot en\gh to toa/ *eese4 ,take up a small h&ful ( curd1 squeeze ! :ey out ( x1 & t\* ! hot iron to x1 hold+ x !re = a mom5t1 or until x adh]es & beg9s to melt or toa/ ! *eese4 ,!n pull ! iron g5tly away f ! curd4 ,if ! curd is raw & sweet1 x w break %ort (f f ! iron & appe> crumbly4 ,if slightly acid1 x w slightly pull out 9 ?reads1 b n v long ones4 ,z ! acid develops1 ! /r+9ess increases4 ,at a c]ta9 po9t1 ! curd w cl+ to ! iron & pull out 9 num]\s f9e ?reads an in* or two long4 ,beyond ?is po9t1 ! ?reads gr[ long] b few]1 until !re w be only "o1 :i* w draw out a foot or s1 & !n break1 recoil+ some:at l ,india-rubb]4 ,inde$1 ! curd gr[s t\gh] & m /r+y f ! "t x beg9s to take on acid p]ceptibly1 until x f9ally ends 9 /r++ indef9itely1 l wax1 hav+ pass$ ! po9t ( break+ & fly+ back4 ,! successive /ages ( developm5t are gradual1 b v m>k$1 & _c fail to be recogniz$ aft] a few exp]im5ts4 ,?us hav+ obta9$ a means ( tell+ ! degree ( acid develop$1 x only rema9s to be decid$ at :at po9t to dip ! curd4 ,x is claim$ t ! prop] "o is :]e ! ?reads are ! f9e/ & mo/ num]\s4 ,beyond ?is po9t1 ! ?reads dim9i% 9 numb] b increase 9 l5g?1 :i* is an indication ( too mu* acid4 ,x is ass]t$ t ! hot iron te/ is uni=m & reliable1 besides be+ easy ( application4 ,*eese-mak]s c make _! own exp]im5ts1 & we advise !m to try ! hot iron to _! own satisfaction4 ,if x %\ld prove z conclusive z good judges ?9k x w1 x w be ( imm5se value to our dairym54 ,?is te/ rem9ds u ( ! te/ us$ by maple-sug> mak]s to det]m9e :5 ! bat* has rea*$ ! po9t :]e x w gra9 & cake well4 ,!y make a small b[ ( a twig1 dip x into ! sug>1 :i* adh]es to & fills x1 & !n !y bl[ ?r\gh ! b[4 ,if no bubble =ms & floats (f l a soap-bubble1 ! bat* is n done4 ,b if !y c bl[ a /r+ ( bubbles1 or "o long bubble1 x is "t to remove ! heat4 ,! /r++ ( ! *eese-curd1 on ! application ( ! hot iron1 seems to af=d a v simil> te/ = ! *eese-mak]4 ,x is n claim$ t ! use ( ! hot iron w necess>ily insure ! mak+ ( good *eese4 ,x only det]m9es ! degree ( acidity1 :i* is "o v important po9t4 ,o!r ?+s are requisite to ! manufacture ( a prime article1 & ! same c>e1 att5tion1 & labor1 9 o!r matt]s1 w rema9 j z ess5tial4 ,by us+ ! hot iron1 h[ev]1 x is claim$ t ! *eese-mak] c tell1 e "t1 j h[ s\r 8 curd is4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,salt+ ,,curds4 ,we believe !re is n mu* controv]sy on ! "q ( salt+ curd4 ,"o says1 salt x hot1 & ano!r says1 cool x fir/4 ,b ! v>iation 9 temp]ature is b a few degrees1 & c h>dly be suppos$ to h mu* effect4 ,on ! :ole1 we pref] salt+ z w>m z practicable1 z ! curd !n takes ! salt bett] & ! season+ is likely to be ev5]4 ,b ! soon] ! salt is ?r[n on1 ! great] ! wa/e w be f runn+ (f 9 ! :ey4 ,if ! curd 7 ?or\ghly dra9$1 or press$ out1 z x is by ! ,engli% 9 ! manufacture ( *$d> *eese1 be=e ! salt is add$1 consid]able less w\ld be ne$$4 ,"s salt ! curd 9 ! vat1 :ile x is yet cov]$ ) :ey1 & ?9k ?is ! bett] way4 ,we op9e1 h[ev]1 x matt]s b little :5 ! salt is add$1 if x be di/ribut$ ev5ly ?r\gh\t ! mass ( curd & is us$ 9 ! prop] quantity4 ,! common me?od is to salt 9 ! curd-s9k1 :ile ! curd is dra9+--g5]ally z soon aft] x is dipp$ z x c be /irr$ into a loose condition suitable = ev5ly mix+ ! salt4 ,we h he>d ! op9ion express$ t x matt]s n :e!r ! curd is well sep>at$ aft] salt+1 or left 9 co>se *unks ) ! salt adh]+ to _! surfaces :5 put to press1 z salt is v p5etrat+ & ! press+ drives ! salt :ey all ?r\gh ! *eese4 ,b ! common practice is n bas$ on su* a conclusion1 & we ?9k x well t x is n4 ,ev5 salt+ we consid] z ess5tial 9 *eese-mak+ z 9 butt]-mak+4 ,! am\nt ( salt us$ at ! diff]5t factories v>ies f f\r ounces to five ounces = a hundr$ p\nds ( milk1 or f two p\nds & a half to ?ree p\nds & an eigh? = a ?\s& p\nds ( milk1 or a hundr$ p\nds ( curd4 ,! high] rate ( salt+ is ?\ght to some:at ret>d ! cur+1 b x w help ! keep+ qualities ( ! *eese4 ,= conv5i5ce sake1 & to save "t & ! liability to mi/akes :5 9 a hurry1 we w\ld recomm5d ! mak+ ( a scale or table1 bas$ on ! rate ( salt+ adopt$1 rang+ f tw5ty or tw5ty-five p\nds up to a hundr$1 & !n = ! hundr$s up to ! capacity ( ! vat4 ,x takes b a little :ile1 dur+ "s leisure h\r1 to make su* a tabul> scale4 ,:5 made & /uck up 9 "s conv5i5t place--say1 ov] ! salt b>rel1 or ov] ! balances--x w enable any "o n famili> ) or quick 9 figures to see at a glance h[ mu* salt is ne$$ = ! curd ( a giv5 am\nt ( milk4 ,x is a conv5i5ce1 too1 t w la/ z long z ! factory1 if tak5 c>e (4 ,= ! b5efit ( :om x may conc]n1 we give ! foll[+ tables3 ,,table ,,= ,,salt+ ,,at ,,! ,,rate ,,( #b ,,lbs4 #h ,,ozs4 ,,to #a1jjj ,,lbs4 ,,( ,,milk4 ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,,milk4 ,,salt4 ,,milk4 ,,salt4 ---------------------------------------- -------- lbs4 lbs4 ozs4 lbs4 lbs4 ozs4 #be #j #a #a1jjj #b #h #ej #j #b #b1jjj #e #j #ge #j #c #c1jjj #g #h #ajj #j #d #d1jjj #aj #j #bjj #j #h #e1jjj #ab #h #cjj #j #ab #f1jjj #ae #j #djj #a #j #g1jjj #ag #h #ejj #a #d #h1jjj #bj #j #fjj #a #h #i1jjj #bb #h #gjj #a #ab #hjj #b #j #ijj #b #d ---------------------------------------- -------- ,,table ,,= ,,salt+ ,,at ,,! ,,rate ,,( #c ,,lbs4 #b ,,ozs4 ,,to #a1jjj ,,lbs4 ,,( ,,milk4 ---------------------------------------- ---------- ,,milk4 ,,salt4 ,,milk4 ,,salt4 ---------------------------------------- -------- lbs4 lbs4 ozs4 lbs4 lbs4 ozs4 #bj #j #a #a1jjj #c #b #dj #j #b #b1jjj #f #d #fj #j #c #c1jjj #i #f #hj #j #d #d1jjj #ab #h #ajj #j #e #e1jjj #ae #aj #bjj #j #aj #f1jjj #ah #ab #cjj #j #ae #g1jjj #ba #ad #djj #a #d #h1jjj #be #j #ejj #a #i #i1jjj #bh #b #fjj #a #ad #gjj #b #c #hjj #b #h #ijj #b #ac ---------------------------------------- -------- ,we presume ! me?od ( us+ ^! tables w be pla9 en\gh to mo/ *eese-mak]s4 ,b we w give a s+le illu/ration4 ,suppos+ ! bat* ( milk to be #d1fdj p\nds1 if we wi% to salt at ! rate ( #c lbs4 #b ozs4 to ! #a1jjj p\nds ( milk1 we look at ! column indicat+ ! quantity ( salt = a giv5 numb] ( ?\s&s1 & f9d t #d1jjj p\nds ( milk require #ab lbs4 #h ozs4 ( salt4 ,ref]r+ to ! o!r column1 we f9d #djj p\nds ( milk require #a lb4 #d ozs4 salt1 & #dj p\nds1 #b ozs4 ,add ^! toge!r1 & we h #ac lbs4 #ad ozs4 z ! quantity ( salt requir$ = #d1fdj lbs4 ( milk4 ,if desir$1 a table c be made out1 ) little tr\ble1 t w %[ ! quantity ( salt requir$ = any giv5 numb] ( hundr$s ( p\nds ( milk likely to be conta9$ 9 a s+le vat4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,ta9t$ ,,milk4 ,! mo/ abom9able ( all ?+s 9 a *eese-factory is ta9t$ milk4 ,x means float+ curds1 huffy *eese1 bad flavor & poor prices4 ,yet1 z milk is n[ manag$1 mo/ factories w1 9 hot wea!r1 get occasionally caught ) a mess ( ta9t$ milk4 ,!re are h>d "w1 anxiety & unsatisfactory results 9 x = ! *eese-mak]1 & dissatisfaction & small pr(its = ! patron4 ,su* ?+s nev] ought to be2 b1 :5 su* a cata/rophe happ5s1 l o!r disagreeable ?+s1 x has to be borne & ! be/ made ( x t circum/ances w p]mit4 ,we "k ( no way to make good *eese out ( ta9t$ milk1 & h _h comp>atively little exp]i5ce ) x--?\gh q z mu* z we desire4 ,b f our own k & :at we c le>n f ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs1 if we _h a ta9t$ mess ( milk to "w up1 we %\ld heat x up z soon z possible1 cut ! curd f9e1 cook x ?or\ghly & develop ! acid z mu* z we ?\ght ! curd w\ld be> & /ick toge!r s z to b&age well4 ,if we _h ano!r bat*1 9 :i* ! :ey 0 all "r1 we w\ld draw (f ! :ey f ! ta9t$ bat* z e>ly z possible & add :ey f ! sweet bat* to ! ta9t$ curd1 to cook x 94 ,if n1 z soon z cook$1 we w\ld draw (f ! :ey & all[ ! acid to develop 9 ! curd4 ,we presume s\r :ey add$ to ! bat* w\ld be an advantage 9 develop+ ! acid1 & acid is :at seems to be ne$$ to *eck ! decomposition & fur!r ta9t+ ( ! curd4 ,an extra quantity ( salt w\ld d\btless be an advantage 9 /opp+ fur!r ta9t4 ,! curd %\ld be cool$ to ! temp]ature ( ! atmosph]e1 & well air$ be=e be+ put to press1 & ! press+ %\ld be ?or\gh4 ,old *eese-mak]s h told u t !y ?\ght !y f\nd an advantage 9 wa%+ & cool+ a ta9t$ curd ) ice wat]--t is1 by *ill+ x4 ,x seems to u t1 ?\gh ?is might *eck ta9t = ! "t be+1 x w\ld ha/5 x :5 ! *eese w>m$ up 9 cur+1 z butt] or meat w spoil rapidly aft] hav+ come 9 contact ) ice1 if expos$ to ! atmosph]e4 ,prime *eese nev] c be made ( bad milk4 ,b1 if milk is n too badly ta9t$1 a mess manag$ on ! pr9ciples we h indicat$ w make a fair *eese--"o t w suit _m palates4 ,a curd made ( s\r milk may be improv$ by wa%+ out "s ( ! acid by ! use ( w>m wat]4 ,) su* a curd1 extra cook+ is an important po9t2 b g5]ally !re is less cook+1 ow+ to ! hurry to get ! curd out ( ! s\r :ey4 ,x is 9 almo/ ! opposite condition1 s f> z acid is conc]n$1 ( curd made f ta9t$ milk4 ,! latt] has too little acid2 ! =m] too mu*4 ,we !re=e want to develop ! acid 9 a ta9t$ curd1 & to ret>d or dim9i% x 9 a s\r "o4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,cur+4 ,!re is no "p ( ! process ( mak+ up milk & gett+ ! product ready = m>ket :i* requires m c>e & judgm5t1 z well z "s h>d "w1 ?an cur+4 ,few rooms are prop]ly prep>$ = ! purpose4 ,!y are left too op5 & b>n-l1 ) no means ( controll+ ! temp]ature4 ,factorym5 g5]ally seem to ?9k t if ! *eese is only made & put on ! ranges1 !re is little or no ne$ ( mak+ any fur!r provision4 ,we h se5 *eese1 :i* we believe _h det]iorat$ f "o to two c5ts a p\nd 9 value1 because ! cur+ process _h n gone on prop]ly4 ,! cur+ rooms 7 full ( cracks :i* let 9 ! w9d1 cold or hot1 dry or damp1 z x might be1 & ! *eese /ood on ! ranges 9 ! cold1 damp atmosph]e1 turn+ to swill--to hog fe$1 in/ead ( human food4 ,! faces 7 crack$2 ! flavor 0 bad2 too mu* acid1 ! buy]s said2 ! mak]s 7 p]plex$1 & q sure !y _h n *ang$ _! h&s f :at !y 7 :5 !y made a good reputation2 ! patrons 7 dissatisfi$1 & ! committeem5 grumbl$4 ,!re might h be5 o!r fail+s2 b we are q sure t no "o has a "r to expect prime *eese :]e !re are n ! prop] facilities = cur+4 ,if ! wea!r happ5s to be "r1 a b>n may answ] ! purpose4 ,b no "o has a "r to presume on always hav+ favorable wea!r2 & x is ! "p ( wisdom to make prep>ations = all sorts ( cont+5cies4 ,a cur+-room %\ld be made ) a w9d-pro( wall4 ,?is w\ld gu>d aga9/ sudd5 *anges ( wea!r1 by keep+ out bo? heat & cold4 ,suffici5t air c be introduc$ ?r\gh ! w9d[s1 :i* %\ld be made to op5 easily1 & be provid$ ) bl9ds4 ,!re %\ld also be provision = supply+ artificial heat1 equally di/ribut$ ?r\gh\t ! build+1 & n f a r$-hot /ove set 9 ! middle1 or 9 "o end or corn]1 :]e x w toa/ ! *eeses ne> x1 & leave ^? f>!r (f to *ill 9 ! cold wea!r ( spr+ & fall4 ,if /eam is us$1 ! heat+ app>atus may be made to d ! d\ble "w ( cook+ ! curd1 & w>m+ ! dry+-room4 ,?is may be done by means ( hot-air tubes1 or by ! use ( /eam-pipes runn+ r\nd ! room4 ,( c\rse x w\ld co/ a little at ! beg9n+2 b a cur+ room once prop]ly fitt$ up w\ld soon pay ! extra exp5se 9 ! sav+ ( "t1 labor1 c>e1 vexation & money4 ,a ?\s& & "o annoyances w\ld be gu>d$ aga9/1 & ! proprietor w\ld h ! satisfaction ( kn[+ t he _h got a good ?+1 :i* w\ld insure ! mo/ t c\ld be expect$ f ! product ( ! *eese-vat1 & build up a fir/-class reputation & a p]man5t bus9ess4 ,a cur+-room %\ld n only be kept at an equable temp]ature ( #gj to #hj1 b be well v5tilat$4 ,! gases con/antly emitt$ by ! cur+ process %\ld h a *ance to freely escape & leave ! atmosph]e z pure & sweet z possible4 ,!re is no m s5se 9 suppos+ t a *eese c cure prop]ly & h a clean1 :olesome flavor1 if kept 9 a close1 unv5tilat$ room1 ?an t a human be+ c reta9 8 heal? 9 impure air4 ,! cur+-room mu/ be kept clean & sweet1 dry & airy--n by all[+ ! w9d to :i/le ?r\gh x z x li/e?1 b by a judici\s sy/em ( heat+ & v5tilat+1 :i* w all[ ! hot & *ill bla/s to bl[ h>mlessly by4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,greas+ ,,*eese4 ,:5 a *eese is fir/ remov$ f ! hoops1 c>e %\ld be tak5 t its face be n all[$ to dry & crack be=e x is greas$ ) hot :ey-butt]4 ,no?+ has be5 f\nd s good z :ey-butt] = ! purpose ( greas+ *eese1 & x %\ld be appli$ hot1 & z soon aft] ! *eese is set on ! range z possible4 ,if x dries at all1 we ?9k x injuri\s to ! =mation ( a smoo?1 glassy face2 & if x dries mu*1 ! face is sure to *eck & pres5t an unsatisfactory appe>ance1 besides furni%+ conv5i5t places = ! *eese-fly to deposit its eggs4 ,a v conv5i5t ?+ = apply+ ! hot butt] is a pa9t-bru%4 ,x is mu* h&i] & bett] e way ?an a swab4 ,b c>e mu/ be tak51 or ! bri/les ( ! bru% w get scor*$4 ,?is c be avoid$ by remov+ ! bru% f ! di% :5 ?r\gh us+ x1 & n putt+ x 9 ! grease aga9 until y are ready to grease ! faces ( y\r *eeses4 ,a press$ iron di% ) a h&le rivet$ on1 is h&y = melt+ ! grease4 ,!re is no dang] ( melt+ out ! bottom1 or melt+ (f ! h&le1 & y are less liable to burn y\rself or spill y\r grease ?an y are if y melt ! :ey butt] 9 an old bas91 :i* v soon gets burnt & leaky4 ,little conv5i5ces1 l ! iron di% & bru% we h m5tion$1 help a great deal1 9 ! c\rse ( a season1 ab\t *eese-mak+2 & a *eese-mak] _h bett] furni% !m at 8 own exp5se1 if 8 employ]s are too /+y to d x1 ?an n to h !m4 ,!re are _m su* little ?+s t greatly assi/ 9 do+ "w easily & 9 keep+ neat & tidy4 ,"o c d )\t !m1 on ! pr9ciple t a f>m] c hoe 8 corn )\t a cultivator1 b x does n pay4 ,if a *eese _c be greas$ z soon z tak5 out1 spread a clo? or put a turn] ov] x1 or bo?4 ,?is w keep ! moi/ure f escap+ & ! air f imm$iate contact ) ! face ( ! *eese4 ,z :ey-butt] is ! be/ & ne>ly ! only mat]ial us$ = greas+ ! faces ( *eeses1 x w n be amiss & may be ( use to inexp]i5c$ *eese-mak]s1 to say a few words on ! mode ( try+ out ! :ey-butt]4 ,prep>e a skimm] ) a long h&le1 :i* may be *eaply made by pun*+ ! bottom ( an old t9-pan full ( holes & fa/5+ a wood5 h&le to x ) bits ( wire4 ,a %rub five or six feet long & ( suitable size1 ) a %ort crook at ! l>g] end1 is conv5i5t4 ,x c be split at ! crook$ end1 slipp$ on ! edge ( ! pan & wir$ !re )\t mu* tr\ble4 ,hang a l>ge kettle--a cauldron is be/--9 a conv5i5t place1 & fill x ab\t two-?irds fall ( ! grease & scum :i* y skim (f f ! vat4 ,x is yea/y /uff1 & requires a good deal ( room1 at fir/1 to swell 9 :5 ! heat is />t$4 ,keep up a mod]ate fire1 s z to boil x g5tly )\t scor*+1 & cont9ue ! boil+ until ! *eesy portion is suffici5tly cook$ to s9k to ! bottom4 ,!n all[ ! bat* to re/ & cool d[n4 ,dip (f ! butt]1 :ile /ill w>m & oily1 & c>efully /ra9 x into a clean tub4 ,:5 cool$ suffici5tly to beg9 to ?ick5 some:at1 a little salt spr9kl$ on ! surface & ?or\ghly /irr$ 91 z ! f>m]s' wives sometimes salt _! l>d1 w help prev5t x f gett+ rancid & /9k+4 ,set x 9 a cool place1 & keep x cov]$ tightly4 ,ne> ! close ( ! fall's op]ations1 a nice tub ( :ey butt] %\ld be ?us prep>$ & set by = use ! next spr+--=1 9 ! cold spr+ wea!r1 :5 *eese-mak+ fir/ comm5ces1 v little cream w rise on ! :ey-vat1 & x w take "s "t be=e a bat* c be procur$4 ,9 apply+ ! :ey-butt] to ! face ( ! *eese1 no m %\ld be us$ ?an ! surface ( ! *eese w absorb & leave x moi/ & %9y4 ,if en\gh is put on s t x w cool 9 /reaks & /ick to :atev] x t\*es1 x %\ld be wip$ (f1 or x w daub ! turn] or b5*1 & n only make unnecess>y "w 9 clean+1 b prev5t a h>d1 smoo? r9d f =m+4 ,_m give !mselves a good deal ( annoyance by putt+ on too mu* grease4 ,! next morn+ aft] ! *eese has be5 set on ! range1 & _h its upp] face greas$ ) hot :ey-butt]1 x %\ld be turn$ ov]1 :5 a simil> application ( hot butt] %\ld be made to ! o!r face4 ,if ! *eese is well made & ( good milk1 & prop]ly greas$1 z we h indicat$1 m greas+ w seldom be ne$$4 ,a little c>e w det]m9e :5 m is ne$$1 if at all4 ,if ! face beg9s to look dry & feel h>%1 9 spite ( ?or\gh rubb+ ) ! h&s1 call ! grease-bru% into requisition aga94 ,9 hot1 dry wea!r--especially if ! air is all[$ to /rike ! face ( ! *eese--a timely application ( m :ey-butt] may keep ! face f crack+ & save consid]able tr\ble4 ,! *eeses %\ld be regul>ly turn$1 = ! fir/ =tnight1 e day1 & h _! faces ?or\ghly rubb$ & poli%$ ) ! nak$ h&4 ,no?+ else w d s mu* to help =m a satisfactory r9d4 ,a clo? c>ri$ along %\ld be us$ to wipe (f any surplus grease on ! b5* or turn]1 s z to prev5t its daub+ ! next *eese & mak+ additional "w4 ,?is same clo?1 ?us made greasy1 w answ] ! additional use ( wip+ (f any m\ld t may be f\nd collect+ on ! b&age4 ,9 ?is way1 a lot ( *eese1 ) comp>atively little additional "w & tr\ble1 b a trifle m att5tion1 c be kept look+ clean & :olesome2 & if ?is neatness does n actually help improve ! quality ( ! *eese--we ?9k x does--x w s mu* improve ! appe>ance1 t y w n only be rew>d$ by ! satisfaction af=d$1 b c safely c\nt on a fraction m f ! buy]--en\gh to m ?an pay = all ! labor be/[$ 9 cur+4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,skipp]s4 ,"o ( ! mo/ annoy+ ?+s 9 ! dry+-room is ! *eese-fly4 ,x is v small b v effective 9 its way2 & z x has ! p[] to s rapidly increase its numb]s1 x sometimes gives a good deal ( tr\ble4 ,to a beg9n]1 its ways seem almo/ pa/ f9d+ out1 yet its pa? (t5 becomes disgu/+ly visible4 ,we "k ( no sov]eign rem$y = ^! pe/s ( ! dry+-room4 ,! be/ prev5tive is p]fect cleanl9ess 9 all ! surr\nd+s4 ,no pools ( :ey or slops ( any k9d 91 "u or ar\nd ! build+1 %\ld be all[$ to furni% ! fir/ broods4 ,b few factories are s arrang$ z to leave no putrid :ey-sp\ts or o!r receptacles = ! eggs ( ! fly4 ,:5 hot wea!r comes on1 ! flies1 !re=e1 sw>m all ar\nd ! build+2 & mo/ cur+-rooms are s op5 z to af=d !m easy access4 ,once 9 ! room1 ! tr\ble & w>f>e beg91 & cease n until ! dog-/> no long] rages4 ,! *eese-fly is n v p>ticul> :]e x deposits its eggs--:e!r 9 ! cracks 9 ! b5*es or turn]s1 9 wr9kles 9 ! b&age1 9 ! *ecks 9 ! r9d ( ! *eese1 or on ! smoo? face4 ,if ! wea!r is w>m en\gh & !re is ! lea/ bit ( moi/ure1 ! eggs w hat* any:]e ar\nd ! *eese4 ,z soon z hat*$1 in/9ct leads ! skipp] to burr[ 9 ! *eese at once4 ,x is a mi/ak5 idea1 we ?9k1 t ! fly ins]ts ! eggs4 ,x drops !m 9 clu/]s1 :]ev] x is conv5i5t4 ,x may be on a turn]1 :i* is /&+ idle4 ,x is tak5 up ?\ghtlessly1 clapp$ ov] a *eese1 :i* is turn$ on x1 nicely cov]+ ! eggs1 :i* hat* betwe5 x & ! r9d1 & ! brood is soon f\nd ?riv+ nicely 9 ! *eese4 ,p]haps ! eggs are laid on ! smoo? face ( ! *eese1 9 pla9 sight1 if "o looks c>efully en\gh = !m4 ,! next "t ! *eese is turn$1 ! eggs are 9 ! same situation z ^? laid on ! turn]4 ,!y may be laid on ! b5*1 & ! *eese set on !m4 ,a c>eful h&1 :o is us$ to hunt+ eggs z well z skipp]s1 w look closely = !m ev]y:]e1 & be sure t ! face ( no *eese t has !m on is turn$ d[n1 & t no turn] is us$ conta9+ !m4 ,9 all ^! cases1 c>e & neatness h _! advantages1 & pay4 ,if a *eese is leaky1 look out = x4 ,we h se5 ! eggs ( ! *eese-fly deposit$ on ! be/ *eeses2 b s\r1 /9k+1 leaky *eeses attract !m mo/4 ,"h !y are 9 _! natural elem5t4 ,! eggs dropp$ on ! moi/ *eese any:]e1 ev5 on ! b&age1 w d rem>kably well4 ,!y no soon] hat*1 ?an ! t9y worm works its way ?r\gh ! b&age or r9d into ! *eese1 & !re he fea/s1 fatt5s & gr[s4 ,x is almo/ traditional t a skipp]y *eese is inv>iably a good "o4 ,we admit t good *eese may be skipp]y--x is s1 sometimes2 b ! leaky1 greasy1 rank smell+ & /rong-ta/+ *eese1 is ! skipp]'s delight4 ,9 su* a *eese1 he luxuriates 9 all 8 disgu/+ glory4 ,:5 skipp]s get into a *eese1 we "k ( no bett] way ?an to dig or cut !m out z soon z possible4 ,_! pres5ce is at once indicat$ by a moi/ spot1 :5 ! bottom face ( ! *eese is fir/ turn$ up4 ,greas+ a piece ( pap] ov] ! hole 9 ! *eese1 :i* is ! entrance ( ! skipp]1 w br+ him to ! surface aft] air1 b x does n kill him nor free ! *eese f skipp]s4 ,we say1 cut !m out4 ,cut freely1 & make sure "w4 ,if ! spot is ne> ! edge1 a w$ge-%ap$ piece may be cut out1 & a piece ( ano!r *eese--!re is usually "o cut = patrons ( a factory--c be fitt$ 91 a second b&age drawn ov]1 & ! *eese slipp$ into a hoop1 :5 a little press+ w smoo? d[n all r\ghness & heal all sc>s4 ,"s put cay5ne pepp] 9 :ey-butt] us$ = greas+ *eeses4 ,b1 ?\gh x may help keep flies (f1 x w n prev5t tr\ble4 ,!y w "w _! way :]ev] !re is a *ance = !m4 ,dryness1 cleanl9ess & wat*ful c>e1 are ! only sure prev5tives ( skipp]s1 9 hot wea!r4 ,to "o :o has _h exp]i5ce1 x is n s v difficult to gu>d aga9/ s]i\s loss f skipp]y *eese4 ,b beg9n]s ne$ to be put on _! gu>d--& = _! b5efit we h p5n$ ?is article on skipp]s4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,*$d> ,,process4 ,dur+ ! summ] ( #ahfi1 we _h ! pleasure ( visit+ ! ,spr+ ,creek & ,slate ,hill factories1 9 ,montgom]y c\nty1 "u ! *>ge ( ,mr4 ,,alex&] ,,macadam4 ,mr4 ,,macadam',s fa!r is an old *eese-mak]1 :o le>n$ ! ,*$d> process f ! celebrat$ ,engli% dairyman1 ,mr4 ,,joseph ,,h>d+1 ( ,som]set1 ab\t #ahee4 ,! son has _h all ! advantages ( ! fa!r's exp]i5ce1 &1 9 addition to an active1 inquir+ & practical turn ( m9d1 has _h exp]i5ce 9 "o ( ! heavie/ *eese h\ses 9 ,london4 ,if any "o kn[s :at good *eese is1 & :at is requir$ by ! ,engli% ta/e1 z well z by ! ,am]ican m>ket1 we ?9k ,mr4 ,,alex&] ,,macadam does4 ,he is1 besides1 intellig5t1 free & communicative--ready to imp>t any in=mation )9 8 k4 ,we propose to give z intelligible an acc\nt ( 8 process z we 7 able to pick up 9 our brief visit4 ,b1 z he adopts 9 "p ! ,am]ican me?od1 & humors consid]ably ,am]ican ideas1 we w fir/ give a brief description ( ! real ,*$d> process1 z expla9$ 9 a pamphlet writt5 by ,mr4 ,,rob]t ,,macadam1 ( ,gor/y ,hill ,dairy1 ,crewe1 :o is ! fa!r ( our ho/3 ,9 describ+ ! process ( *eese-mak+1 x is necess>y to keep 9 view "s def9ite size ( dairy2 & = ?is reason1 we w allude 9 ! pres5t section to "o mak+ *eese f ! milk ( #fj c[s4 ,z detail$ 9 ! p>agraph on ! morn+'s op]ations1 ! ev5+'s milk hav+ cool$ d[n to #fb1 is lift$ & siev$ into ! *eese tub1 & ! morn+'s milk add$ to x1 z x comes f ! c[-h\se4 ,if ! temp]ature ( ! milk1 :5 ?us mix$1 be "u #gh1 x mu/ be rais$ to t degree ( w>m?1 z f #gh to #hj is ! be/ temp]ature at :i* milk c be set = coagulation4 ,?is may be effect$ ei!r by w>m+ a portion ( ! milk among hot wat] to any temp]ature n above #aej1 or1 :5 ! *eese-tub is d\ble-bottom$1 by introduc+ a jet ( /eam1 or all[+ ! hot wat] to circulate4 ,! quantity ( milk 9 ! *eese-tub be+ "o hundr$ & sixty-five gallons1 ! requisite quantity ( annotto is n[ add$1 & c>efully mix$1 to produce a ri* /raw or c[slip color4 ,five qu>ts ( s\r :ey be+ add$1 & a quantity ( r5net suffici5t to coagulate ! mass ( milk 9 sixty m9utes1 ! :ole is g5tly /irr$ & completely mix$1 cov]$ ov] ) a clean clo?1 & all[$ to /& = coagulation4 ,aft] ! milk has /ood = fifte5 m9utes1 ! top or surface %\ld be g5tly /irr$1 to prev5t ! cream f asc5d+1 & ?is mu/ be repeat$ if ! curd is long 9 beg9n+ to =m4 ,h5ce x is pref]able t ! coagulation %\ld be complet$ 9 f fifty to sixty m9utes1 z o!rwise a wa/e ( ri*ness is likely to ensue4 ,:5 ! cream %[s a decid$ t5d5cy to rise to ! surface1 x is advisable to skim x (f1 previ\s to lift+ ! ev5+'s milk1 & w>m x to a temp]ature ( #ie1 z ?is prev5ts x f asc5d+1 & causes x to amalgamate m completely ) ! mass ( milk set = coagulation4 ,9 /irr+ ! milk to prev5t ! cream f asc5d+1 ! /ricte/ att5tion %\ld be obs]v$ to ab/a9 f do+ s if ! slighte/ degree ( coagulation is p]ceiv$4 ,z soon z ! curd has acquir$ a mod]ate degree ( firmness1 ! op]ation ( break+-up %\ld be at once comm5c$1 & mu/ be p]=m$ c>efully1 g5tly & m9utely4 ,?is may be accompli%$ by "o p]son 9 ab\t ?irty m9utes1 :5 ! revolv+ knife break] is employ$1 or by two p]sons 9 ab\t ! same "t1 :5 ! %ovel or wire-break]s are us$4 ,be=e ?is op]ation is f9i%$1 a quantity ( :ey mu/ be tak5 f ! *eese-tub1 heat$ to #aej1 & aga9 p\r$ ^u ! mass1 /irr+ be+ actively kept up b5ea? ! /ream1 to prev5t any portion ( ! curd f be+ scald$4 ,! quantity ?us heat$ mu/ be suffici5t to raise ! temp]ature ( ! cont5ts ( ! *eese-tub to #hj1 & ! :ole mu/ be c>efully & completely mix$4 ,! addition ( w>m :ey raises ! temp]ature1 & consequ5tly ha/5s ! sep>ation ( ! :ey f ! curd1 & assi/s 9 promot+ ! necess>y acidity4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! pres5ce ( acidity c be detect$ by ! smell or ta/e1 no w>m :ey %\ld be us$ at ?is /age ( ! process4 ,! curd be+ brok5 to a suffici5t degree ( f95ess1 x is all[$ to rema9 undi/urb$ = "o h\r1 except :5 ! acid exi/s 9 too great a degree1 9 :i* case x %\ld only /& dur+ ! "t occupi$ by w>m+ ! :ey = scald+4 ,! :ey-sep>ator is !n ins]t$1 & ! liquid all[$ to run (f until ! surface ( ! curd appe>s among ! :ey1 aft] :i* ! sep>ator is tak5 out1 & ! curd prop]ly brok5 up ) ! %ovel-break]4 ,b be=e break+ up ! curd1 a quantity ( :ey %\ld be heat$ to #aej1 = ! purpose ( scald+ x4 ,"o p]son p\rs a portion ( ?is hot :ey ov] ! curd1 :ile ano!r /irs actively b5ea? ! /ream ) a %ovel-break]4 ,! hot :ey is p\r$ cauti\sly ov] ! mass at int]vals1 & ! /irr+ is kept up g5tly b briskly1 until ! temp]ature is rais$ gradually to #ih or #ajj ,fah4 ,! /irr+ is cont9u$1 & ! temp]ature ma9ta9$1 until ! curd acquires a c]ta9 degree ( firmness & consi/5cy1 :i* x is difficult to describe1 b :i* ! intellig5t *eese-mak] soon le>ns to recognize by its appe>ance1 & by its peculi>ly ela/ic feel :5 h&l$4 ,x is !re=e ( ! utmo/ importance to possess ! discrim9ation & tact necess>y = disc]n+ :5 ! prop] degree ( firmness & consi/5cy has be5 atta9$4 ,:5 ! curd is suffici5tly cook$1 x is 9 small granul> p>ticles1 firm & ela/ic to ! t\*1 & :5 a portion is tak5 9 ! h& & squeez$1 x does n readily adh]e1 b sep>ates into p>ticles4 ,! /irr+ mu/ be cont9u$ till ?is peculi> consi/5cy is atta9$1 )\t any reg>d to ! l5g? ( "t1 b %\ld on no acc\nt be f>!r prolong$1 because ! *eese w !n h a t5d5cy to be h>d & /iff1 & w require a long] "t to mature 9 ! *eese-room4 ,! l5g? ( "t requir$ = /irr+ v>ies accord+ to ! previ\s condition ( ! milk1 be+ f tw5ty to ?irty m9utes :5 ! acid exi/s 9 a suffici5t degree1 or ev5 d\ble t "t :5 ! natural process ( *ange 9 ! milk has be5 sl[4 ,?is process ( saturat+ ! curd ) heat$ :ey has ! effect ( completely sep>at+ ! solid & fluid p>ts1 ! only moi/ure left be+ t :i* adh]es to ! p>ticles1 & :i* comes away "u pressure4 ,b :5 ! temp]ature is rais$ 9 ?is mann]1 or by heat f ! bottom ( ! *eese-tub1 ! utmo/ c>e is necess>y to keep ! curd f be+ ov]-scald$1 z1 :5 ! temp]ature is too sudd5ly rais$1 "p ( buttrace\s matt] may be lo/1 & ! small pulpy p>ticles get sk9n$ ov]1 inclos+ a quantity ( ! :ey1 :i* x is extremely difficult aga9 to sep>ate4 ,if ! milk has be5 9 prop] condition to beg9 )1 & ! process c>ri$ on 9 ! mann] ?us detail$1 ! curd w reta9 all ! natural ri*ness ( ! milk1 & ! *eese produc$ w h t ri* creamy ta/e & sweet milky flavor1 some?+ l ! odor ( new milk1 kn[n z ! ,*$d> flavor4 ,:5 ! curd is rais$ 79 ! mann] describ$ above7 to ! natural heat ( ! milk 7#ih17 or only "o or two degrees above x1 all ! butt] is reta9$ & fix$ 9 ! curd2 = al?\gh subject$ ev5 at fir/ to a pressure ( half a ton1 little or no trace ( butt] w appe>4 ,?is is unque/ionably a m rational & f> sup]ior me?od ( sep>at+ ! :ey f ! curd ?an t ( heat+ beside a fire or 9 a furnace1 ) its att5dant skew]+s & *ang+s4 ,! next /ep 9 ! cont9uation ( ! process is to ins]t ! sep>ator1 aft] ! curd has be5 all[$ to rema9 undi/urb$ 9 ! scald = ! space ( ?irty m9utes4 ,aft] ! :ey is run (f1 ! curd is ?r[n up into a heap 9 ! c5t] ( ! *eese-tub1 cov]$ ov] ) a clean *eese-clo?1 & ! :ey all[$ to dra9 away f x = ano!r half-h\r4 ,at ! end ( t "t ! curd is cut across1 turn$ ov] 9 squ>e lumps1 heap$ up1 cov]$ z be=e1 & !n all[$ to lie = half an h\r long]4 ,! curd is !n tak5 f ! *eese-tub1 laid ^u a cool]1 split by ! h& into ?9 flakes1 & spread out to cool4 ,! curd at ?is /age has a di/9ctly acid smell2 x is slightly s\r1 & by no means palatable2 & its ta/e & appe>ance are su* z w\ld lead a novice to ?9k x unlikely to produce a f9e *eese4 ,:5 ! curd has be5 expos$ on ! cool] = fifte5 m9utes1 x is turn$ ov]1 & all[$ to lie = ! same l5g? ( "t4 ,x is !n pack$ into a *eese-vat1 hav+ a clean clo? "u x1 plac$ "u ! press = ! space ( t5 m9utes1 & subject$ to a pressure ( half a ton4 ,:5 tak5 out1 x is gr\nd 9 ! mill1 weigh$1 & return$ to ! cool]1 & if ! acid is suffici5tly develop$1 x %\ld be at once salt$1 cool$ d[n to ab\t #fe1 & plac$ "u pressure4 ,! pure/ ref9$ salt %\ld be us$1 & %\ld be weigh$ & c>efully mix$ ) ! mass1 "o p\nd ( salt be+ suffici5t = fifty-six p\nds ( curd4 ,:5 ! acid is f\nd to be insuffici5tly develop$ 9 ! previ\s /ages ( ! process1 ! curd is all[$ to lie unsalt$1 & is /irr$ up occasionally1 until ! necess>y degree ( acidity is acquir$4 ,! curd is !n f9ally put into ! *eese-vat1 & at once put "u pressure1 at fir/ "u a weight ( five or six cwt4 ,! *eese is tak5 out ( ! press 9 ! ev5+1 & a clean clo? put ^u x1 & be+ turn$ 9 ! vat1 is subject$ to a pressure ( half a ton4 ,next morn+1 x is aga9 tak5 out1 wrapp$ 9 a dry clo?1 rev]s$ 9 ! vat1 & return$ into ! press ) f\r cwt4 additional pressure plac$ ^u x4 ,on ! foll[+ morn+ x receives its ?ird & la/ clo?1 & :5 plac$ 9 ! press1 is n[ subject$ to ! pressure ( #ah cwt4 ,9 ! ev5+1 x is once m remov$ f ! press1 gets a calico cap neatly /it*$ ^u x1 is rev]s$ 9 ! vat1 plac$ "u a pressure ( "o ton till ! foll[+ morn+1 & is !n f9ally tak5 f ! press4 ,! *eese is !n tightly b&ag$ to pres]ve its prop] %ape1 & be+ ticket$ ) its date & numb]1 is c>ri$ to ! *eese-room1 :]e x mu/ be turn$ e day until fully ripe = m>ket4 ,*eeses may always be 9 ! /ore-room 9 sev5ty-two h\rs aft] !y are fir/ put into ! press1 &1 inde$1 !y might be plac$ !re mu* e>li]2 only to insure consolidation1 x is pref]able to ma9ta9 ! pressure dur+ ! "t specifi$4 ,a di>y or regi/] %\ld be kept1 into :i* ! date & numb] ( ea* *eese %\ld be =mally ent]$1 toge!r ) su* rem>ks z may be ne$ful & prop] conc]n+ ! condition ( ! milk1 & ! peculi>ities ( ! curd1 c4 ,! *eese-mak]1 :5 te/+ ! quality ( any *eese aft] x is ripe1 may le>n f ! regi/] ! precise conditions ( its manufacture1 & w ?us be assi/$ 9 atta9+ t degree ( excell5ce :i* 0 laid d[n 9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is "w z a prop] /&>d or quality4,a ,x w also be f\nd highly useful to note d[n _m simil> facts1 su* z ! v>i\s yields ( milk at p>ticul> seasons1 & f diff]5t k9ds ( pa/ure or h\se-fe$+1 z ! practice w n only give wide views ( ! subject1 & correct in=mation reg>d+ x1 b w also t5d greatly to fo/] accurate & bus9ess-l habits4 ,x is necess>y to /ate di/9ctly ! mode ( proc$ure be/ adapt$ = ?is cont+5cy because ! ov]-acidity ( milk :5 n detect$ & duly att5d$ to 9 ! process1 produces a correspond+ blemi% 9 ! *eese4 ,9 v w>m wea!r1 :5 ! temp]ature ( ! ev5+'s milk /&s 9 ! morn+ z high z #gj or upw>ds1 e "p ( ! process describ$ 9 ! previ\s section mu/ be ha/5$4 ,! curd is brok5 m spe$ily ?an usual1 & :ey is tak5 (f z soon z possible1 & quickly w>m$ = scald+4 ,:5 ! op]ation ( break+ is conclud$1 an int]val ( only five m9utes is all[$ be=e ! :ey is run (f4 ,scald+ is !n proce$$ )1 b1 "u ^! circum/ances1 ! curd & :ey %\ld only be rais$ to ! temp]ature ( #ih4 ,:5 ! prop] degree ( firmness has be5 atta9$ by /irr+1 ! re/ ( ! :ey is run (f aft] ano!r int]val ( five m9utes1 & :5 ! curd is heap$ up1 t5 m9utes only are all[$ to elapse be=e x is cut across & turn$ ov]4 ,at ! end ( o!r t5 m9utes1 x is laid ^u ! cool]1 9 five m9utes m x is turn$ ov]1 & at ! end ( o!r five x is put into ! vat & "u ! press4 ,hav+ be5 subject$ to pressure = five m9utes1 ! curd is tak5 out1 gr\nd 9 ! mill1 put back into ! cool]1 & salt$4 ,x is !n /irr$ up to cool1 until ! temp]ature ( ! mass is r$uc$ to #fe1 :5 x is plac$ 9 ! vat1 & subject$ to ! ord9>y r\t9e ( pressure4 ,x may be /at$1 9 illu/ration ( ! "t occupi$ by ^! op]ations1 t if ! curd be ready = break+ at eight o'clock1 x may be mill$ & salt$ by elev54 ,by exp$iti\sly conduct+ e /age ( ! process1 excell5t *eeses may be produc$1 ev5 at ! above temp]ature2 b :5 ! ord9>y "t is all[$ to elapse be=e ! curd is cook$ & salt$1 ! *eeses w likely be s\r4 ,^! rules & /atem5ts are bas$ on ! safe gr\nd ( p]sonal exp]i5ce1 = 9 a v w>m season we h made upw>ds ( =ty tons ( *eese )\t "o be+ s\r4 ,9 ^! days ( dispat* & outw>d display1 :5 m5 seek s eag]ly = ! %orte/ & easie/ ways ( do+ ?+s1 "s w d\btless be f\nd to c>p at ! m9ut5ess & ext5t ( ! =ego+ details1 & at ! repeat$ injunction to /rive aft] a cle> & intellig5t conception ( ! pr9ciples on :i* ?is bran* ( indu/ry is f\nd$4 ,& _m m1 ^: pa/ exp]i5ce has be5 little else ?an a slo?ful compliance ) false rules & prejudices1 may1 p]haps1 c5sure ! sy/em z too ab/ruse & complicat$4 ,b all su* objections are refut$ by ! simple fact t no common product1 made f raw mat]ial univ]sally ! same1 v>ies m 9 quality & value ?an *eese1 f ! "o cause ( diff]5ce 9 ! skill ) :i* x is made4 ,to atta9 to excell5ce 9 *eese-mak+1 x is absolutely necess>y t ! h& & ! head %\ld "w toge!r4 ,! ,*$d> process1 z c>ri$ on at ,spr+ ,creek factory1 is an adaptation ( ! =ego+ to ,am]ican app>atus & implem5ts1 ) o!r v>iations4 ,! milk is set 9 ! usual mann]1 & at ! usual temp]ature--say1 #hb to #hd4 ,x is cut 9 ! usual mann]1 & gradually heat$ up to #ih4 ,!n ! :ole is all[$ to /&1 ) occasional /irr+1 until ! :ey is p]ceptibly acid4 ,! day we 7 !re1 we f\nd ! curd 9 ! :ey1 & z mu* *ang$ z is g5]ally consid]$ by ,am]icans suffici5t = dipp+ & salt+4 ,b z soon z a slight *ange is p]ceptible--inde$1 z soon z any "o ( ! h&s fancies x is *ang$--! :ey is drawn (f4 ,if ! :ey %\ld /ill be sweet & ! curd s(t1 !re is no h>m 9 draw+ (f ! :ey4 ,!n "o end ( ! vat is rais$1 ! curd is pok$ away f ! l[] end1 & ! :ey is all[$ to dra9 out4 ,if ! curd is q s(t1 ! fur!r sep>ation ( ! :ey is facilitat$ by cross-cutt+s ) a l>ge but*] or groc]yman's *eese-knife4 ,if x is well cook$1 ?is is n necess>y4 ,at ! expiration ( half an h\r or s--provid$ ! :ey is n rapidly tak+ on acid1 9 :i* case1 at ! expiration ( five1 t51 or fifte5 m9utes1 accord+ to condition--! curd is cut into pieces six or eight in*es squ>e1 ) ! knife j m5tion$2 ^! pieces are split lat]ally ?r\gh ! middle ) ! knife2 ! top & bottom surfaces are put toge!r1 & ! :ole pil$ up along ! sides ( ! vat4 ,! object ( ?is op]ation is to get ! cool surfaces into ! middle1 to be influ5c$ by ! heat1 & to give ! already heat$ c5t] contact ) ! atmosph]e4 ,9 a little :ile1 ! bottom pieces are pil$ on top4 ,! cutt+ & splitt+ op]ation may be repeat$ at int]vals ( tw5ty or ?irty m9utes until ! :ey t runs f ! curd has mu* ! ta/e ( s\r milk j be=e x beg9s to lopp]4 ,! :ey looks :ite & ri*1 & is really s2 b x is claim$1 t !re is n z mu* wa/e z is caus$ by keep+ ! curd 9 ! :ey & /irr+ x1 :5 ! butt] & *eese t escape are s dilut$ z n to be notic$4 ,:5 ! :ey dra9+ f ! curd has a decid$ s\r-milk ta/e1 ! accumulation is remov$1 ! curd mill is set on ! end ( ! vat1 & ! l>ge squ>e pieces ( curd ?r[n into ! hopp] & run ?r\gh4 ,! mill te>s !m into pieces v>y+ 9 size f t ( a k]nel ( corn to a butt]nut4 ,:5 gr\nd1 two p\nds & an eigh? ( salt are spr9kl$ ov] ! curd & /irr$ 94 7,consid]+ ! dry /ate ( curd1 ?is is really heavy salt+--heavi] ?an ?ree p\nds ?r[n on ! dripp+ curd1 9 ! usual mann]47 ,! salt+ done1 ! curd is all[$ to /&1 ) occasional /irr+1 z long z conv5i5t--inde$1 ! long] ! bett]4 ,x w take no h>m aft] be+ salt$2 & if a curd is at all ta9t$1 or is made ( s\r-milk1 & is r s(t1 x %\ld be all[$ to /& z long z possible1 & p]mit ! h&s to get x to press & ready to b&age ! same aft]noon or ev5+4 ,?is is ! simple process1 z we saw x at ,spr+ ,creek factory4 ,! press+ & cur+ are n ess5tially diff]5t f ! common me?ods4 ,?or\gh press+1 h[ev]1 is consid]$ ess5tial2 & s is an equable temp]ature 9 ! dry+ room--:i*1 by ! way1 ,mr4 ,,macadam did n h ! advantage (1 z ! build+ 0 erect$ on economical pr9ciples1 ) a v primitive b ?or\gh sy/em ( v5tilation--n "u 8 direction or sup]vision1 h[ev]4 ,) s\r-milk1 ,mr4 ,,macadam ha/5s e /age ( ! process1 up to ! "t ( salt+4 ,:5 ! requisite degree ( acid is develop$1 ev5 ?\gh ! heat may n h gone above #ij1 & ! curd is v s(t1 ! :ey is drawn (f1 & ! curd repeat$ly cut into small squ>es ) a knife1 to facilitate ! sep>ation ( ! :ey4 ,! curd is gr\nd1 & ! salt ?r[n on--9 less quantity--:5 ! :ey t dra9s (f has ! prop] s\r milk ta/e4 ,x is !n all[$ to /& 9 ! vat1 & dra9 & h>d51 z long z ! "w ( ! factory w p]mit4 ,if x c rema9 a c\ple ( days 9 ! press1 x is an advantage4 ,! curds prep>$ 9 ! mann] we h be5 describ+ = good milk1 does n h a v promis+ look to an ,am]ican *eese-mak]4 ,x is t\gh & /r+y1 & q ela/ic4 ,at lea/1 su* 0 ! appe>ance ( ! curd :i* we saw4 ,x is prop] to /ate1 h[ev]1 t x 0 made ( ta9t$ milk1 & ! ta9t 0 q m>k$ 9 ! curd4 ,?is1 ,mr4 ,,macadam told u1 0 ! condition ( mo/ ( ! milk & curds = "s weeks pa/ 9 t factory2 yet1 ! ta9t did n %[ 9 ! *eese on ! ranges1 except 9 a few in/ances :]e ! curd _h be5 salt$ a little too sweet1 z he ?\ght4 ,! great secret ( 8 success1 he seem$ to ?9k1 0 9 gett+ rid ( ! :ey e>ly1 9 all[+ a good deal ( acid to develop1 especially 9 ta9t$ curds1 9 air+ ! curds & all[+ ! gases to escape1 & 9 salt+ well4 ,mr4 ,,macadam',s *eese1 z a g5]al ?+1 tri$ spl5didly4 ,x 0 firm1 flaky1 butt]y & f9e-flavor$4 ,8 op9ion is1 t ,am]ican *eese is1 z a g5]al rule1 salt$ too sweet & too l[1 = ! purpose ( hav+ x cure quick = m>ket2 b x lacks good keep+ qualities1 & v]ifies ! old adage1 ,soon ripe1 soon rott54 ,x is h>d to ov]come ?is desire = quick returns2 b he w\ld recomm5d ^? :o wi% to improve ,am]ican *eese1 to s\r r m1 salt a little m1 & color a little less--z little z ! m>ket w all[--z color+ is believ$ to be positively injuri\s to quality4 ,! t5d5cy %\ld be 9 ^! directions1 9 ord] to make a sl[] cur+1 bett] keep+ & bett] flavor$ article4 ,b1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d1 t ,mr4 ,,macadam has 9 view 8 own process ( manufacture1 & t all[ances mu/ be made = diff]5t modes4 ,let ea* be ready to receive h9ts1 make 8 own exp]im5ts1 & abide by 8 own decisions4 ,,footnote3 ,a ,a good *eese is ri*1 )\t be+ greasy1 ) a sweet1 nutty flavor2 cle>1 equal color ?r\gh\t2 ( a compact1 solid texture1 )\t be+ waxy2 firm1 yet melt+ easily 9 ! m\?1 & leav+ no r\gh flavor on ! palate4 ,,adv]tisem5ts ,utica ,morn+ ,h]ald ,,book ,,& ,,job ,,pr9t+ ,,e/abli%m5t1 ,no4 #fj ,g5esee ,/41 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y41 ,possesses ,,ext5sive ,,mod]n ,,facilities = all k9ds ( ,,lett] ,,press ,,pr9t+1 ,& increas$ att5tion w be paid to ?is dep>tm5t1 "u ! direction ( ,r4 ,w4 ,,rob]ts4 ,,new ,,/yles ,,( ,,type1 ,,bord]s1 ,c41 are provid$ z !y appe> 9 ! ,ea/]n cities1 & ! ,long ,e/abli%$ ,reputation ( ! (fice w be ma9ta9$1 = ,,! ,,be/ ,,"w ,,at ,,! ,,l[e/ ,,prices4 ,,manufactur]s1 ,,lawy]s1 ,,& ,,bus9ess ,,m51 ,w h _! ord]s c>efully & intellig5tly fill$4 ,,ellis ,h4 ,,rob]ts1 ,proprietor4 ,utica ,morn+ ,h]ald ,,& ,,daily ,,gazette1 ,,n9e ,,doll>s ,a ,,ye> ,,9 ,,advance1 conta9s m read+ matt] ?an any o!r daily publi%$ 9 ,c5tral ,new ,york1 includ+ ! ,fulle/ & ,late/ ,,telegraphic ,,reports1 ,,correspond5ce ,f ! ,/ate & ,national ,capitals1 & else:]e1 :ile especial att5tion is be/[$ on ,,local ,,& ,,g5]al ,,news1 & a high ,lit]>y ,/&>d is aim$ at4 ,an ,,agricultural ,,dep>tm5t is well ma9ta9$ especially design$ = ! ,dairym5 & ,f>m]s ( ! ,c5tral & ,nor!rn ,c\nties4 ,! ,,utica ,,h]ald has by f> ! l>ge/ circulation 9 ! ,city1 & its ,,aggregate ,,circulation ,,is ,,ov] #ab1jjj4 ,,adv]tise ,,9 ,,x4 ,,! ,,dairym5',s ,,pap]6 ,,! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald has1 s9ce ! fir/ organization ( ! ,dairym5's ,association1 report$ promptly & fully all ( its proce$+s & nev] m fully & satisfactorily ?an ! addresses & debates be=e ! ,conv5tion held 9 ,utica 9 ,janu>y1 #ahgj4 ,! ,,utica ,,h]ald also devotes especial att5tion to ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! dairy int]e/2 to ,diseases ( ,cattle & _! ,cure2 ,! ,manufacture ( ,butt] & ,*eese1 & to all ,improv$ ,processes & ,app>atus4 ,! weekly edition e ,tuesday conta9s ! report ( ! ,,little ,,falls ,,m>ket ,,( ,,! ,,previ\s ,,day4 ,! ,,utica ,,h]ald has made ! dairy int]e/ a specialty1 & 9 its weekly edition devotes to x ,m ,space & ,att5tion ?an any o!r ,pap] 9 ! ,c\ntry4 ,at ! same "t1 ! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald aims to be 9 all respects a ,,fir/-,,class ,,family ,,pap]4 ,its ,editorial ,articles are accept$ & recogniz$ z fitly speak+ ! ,union s5tim5t1 ! intellig5t convictions1 & ! ?\ghtful aspirations ( ! million ( p :i* x repres5ts4 ,! ,,utica ,,h]ald1 9 its weekly z well z its morn+ edition1 is pre-em95tly ,a ,,newspap]4 ,by ?or\gh classification & elaborate cond5sation x pres5ts ! gi/ ( all ! news 9 ! briefe/ space1 & ! p]son :o reads no o!r j\rnal1 w n be ignorant ( ! curr5t ( ev5ts1 & ! movem5t ( m5 & pr9ciples4 ,,! ,,correspond5ce weekly publi%$ 9 our columns1 f ,wa%+ton1 ,new ,york1 ,albany & else:]e1 is n inf]ior 9 lit]>y or political int]e/ to t ( any o!r j\rnal 9 ! c\ntry4 ,,! ,,lit]>y ,,dep>tm5t w receive dur+ ! com+ ye>1 increas$ att5tion1 & we tru/ w des]ve 9 ev5 a high] degree ?an h]et(ore ! encomiums :i* h be5 be/[$ ^u x4 ,,adv]tise ,,9 ,,x4 ,manufactur]s & m]*ants wi%+ to rea* dairym5 & produc]s ( butt] & *eese1 c d s 9 no o!r way s readily & s *eaply1 z ?r\gh ! columns ( ! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald4 ,,! ,,t]ms4 ,! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald is publi%$ at ! l[ price ( ,,two ,,doll>s ,a ,,ye>4 ,paym5t is requir$ 9 advance4 ,tak+ into acc\nt ! size & "* ( ! pap]--its political1 news1 lit]>y & agricultural m]its--x is believ$ t ?is is ,,! ,,*eape/ ,,pap] ,,publi%$4 ,n[ is ! "t to =m clubs4 ,let ! circulation be d\bl$ dur+ ! curr5t ye>4 ,address1 ,,utica ,,h]ald1 #fj ,g5esee ,/reet1 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,book ,,b9d+6 ,,! ,,old ,,e/abli%$ ,,book ,,b9d]y1 ,no4 #fj ,,g5esee ,,/41 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y41 7,morn+ ,h]ald ,block17 ,has all ! facilities = ,,b9d+ ,,books1 new & old1 9 z good /yle1 & at z l[ prices z c be obta9$ any:]e 9 ,new ,york or else:]e4 ,_m families may ga!r a respectable libr>y by ga!r+ up _! ,magaz9es1 ,newspap]s1 & o!r ,s]ials1 ,& we are prep>$ to b9d 9 any desirable /yle ,,atlantic ,,magaz9e1 ,,h>p]',s ,,magaz9e1 ,,knick]bock] ,,magaz9e1 ,,graham',s ,,magaz9e1 ,,pet]son',s ,,magaz9e1 ,,home ,,magaz9e1 ,,leslie',s ,,magaz9e1 ,,ball\',s ,,magaz9e1 ,,lady',s ,,book1 ,,music1 ,,libr>y ,,books1 ,,law ,,books1 ,,leslie',s ,,pictorial1 ,,h>p]',s ,,pictorial1 ,,ball\',s ,,pictorial1 ,,illu/rat$ ,,london ,,news1 ,,sp5c]',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,unit$ ,,/ates1 ,,tallis',s ,,%akespe>e1 ,,johnson',s ,,%akespe>e1 ,,boydell',s ,,%akespe>e1 ,,irv+',s ,,wa%+ton1 ,,loss+',s ,,wa%+ton1 ,,scripture ,,hi/ory1 ,,life ,,( ,,*ri/1 ,,h>p]',s ,,bible1 ,,br[n',s ,,bible1 ,,flet*]',s ,,bible1 ,,virtue',s ,,bible1 ,,d\ay ,,bible1 ,,encyclop$ia ,,( ,,arts ,,& ,,sci5ces1 ,,sci5tific ,,am]ican1 ,,h9ton',s ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,unit$ ,,/ates1 ,& all newspap]s1 :e!r great or small1 z well z collections ( ,pamphlets1 ,manuscripts1 or :atev] else is wor?y ( pres]vation4 ,books w be b\nd 9 any /yle to suit ! ta/e ( our cu/om]s 9 ,full ,turkey ,gilt1 ,full ,calf1 ,antique ,f9i%$1 ,half ,calf1 or ,half ,turkey1 or 9 ,full ,%eep1 ,full or ,half ,clo?1 ) ,edges ,gilt1 ,m>bl$1 or ,spr9kl$1 z may be desir$4 ,books s5t by express or o!rwise1 w receive prompt att5tion4 ,good ,workman%ip & ,reasonable ,prices w>rant$4 ,! ,l>ge/ ,fancy ,goods ,h\se ,,9 ,,c5tral ,,new ,,york1 ,w4 ,m4 ,,/orrs1 #ga ,g5esee ,/reet1 ,utica1 --,,deal] ,,9-- ,,=eign ,,dome/ic ,,fancy ,,goods1 ,%ot ,guns1 ,rifles1 ,revolv]s1 ,c>tridges1 ,ammunition1 ,fi%+ ,tackle & ,sport+ ,app>atus ( e ,description4 ,wood5 ,will[ ,w>e1 ,,h\se-,,keep+ ,,goods1 ,f>m ,baskets1 ,pails1 ,*urns1 c41 c4 ,,call ,,& ,,see ,,my ,,imm5se ,,/ock4 ,w4 ,m4 ,,/orrs1 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,ready-,,made ,,clo?+6 ,e f>m] 9 ?is & adjo9+ c\nties w f9d x to 8 advantage to pur*ase 8 ,clo?+ ( ,c4 ,a4 ,,yates ,,co41 ,,at ,,! ,,m>ble ,,block ,,clo?+ ,,/ore4 ,we pay p>ticul> att5tion to ! quality ( ! ,clo?1 h e g>m5t sub/antially made1 & gu>antee durability4 ,we also keep ! ,,l>ge/ ,,/ock ,,( ,,clo?+ 9 ?is section ( ! c\ntry1 & c !re=e give ! advantage ( an imm5se v>iety4 ,our prices w at all times be ! l[e/ 9 ! m>ket1 & goods w be freely %[n1 :e!r = ! purpose ( buy+ at ! "t or at "s future "t4 ,we !re=e invite all to call & see our /ore & /ock1 & to le>n our prices4 ,p>ticul> att5tion paid to ,y\?'s & ,boys' ,clo?+4 ,! mo/ ext5sive assortm5t 9 ! c\nty c be f\nd at our /ore4 ,:5 9 se>* ( ,clo?+1 ,look = ! ,m>ble ,block1 ,no4 #ed ,g5esee ,/41 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,yates ,,co4 ,,am]ican ,,button ,,hole1 ,,ov]seam+ ,,& ,,sew+ ,,ma*9e4 ,! *eape/ z well z ! be/1 s9ce x comb9es a ,button ,hole1 ,ov]seam+ & ,sew+ ,ma*9e1 9 "o simple =m1 mak+ ei!r ! ,lock ,/it* or ,button ,hole ,/it*1 z occasion may require2 do+ e v>iety ( sew+ 9 a ,,sup]ior ,,mann]1 & 9 addition works a mo/ p]fect ,button ,hole & ,ov]seams nicely4 ,receiv$ a ,fir/ ,premium at ! ,new ,york ,/ate ,fair1 & num]\s o!r ,fairs ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lamb ,,knitt+ ,,ma*9e ,knits ,hosi]y ( all sizes4 ,sets up its own "w4 ,knits ! ,heel & n>r[s (f ! ,toe1 & knits a pair ( socks 9 ?irty m9utes4 ,! only ,knitt+ ,ma*9e 9 ! _w t c %ape a /ock+ ! same z c be done :5 knit by h&4 ,w make f\r di/9ct webs1 ?us enabl+ ! op]ator to d a great v>iety ( ,,fancy ,,"w4 ,= samples ( "w1 & circul>s ( bo? ,sew+ ,ma*9e & ,knitt+ ,ma*9e1 address1 ,h4 ,j4 ,,hilli>d1 7,,butt]field ,,h\se47 #bje ,g5esee ,/41 ,utica4 ,,h[es ,,cl>k1 ,real ,e/ate ,brok]s1 #agh ,,g5esee ,,/reet1 ,z4 ,m4 ,,h[es1 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,b4 ,a4 ,,cl>k4 ,ag5ts = ,sale1 ,pur*ase1 ,leas+1 ,c>e1 & ,managem5t ( ,real ,e/ate4 ,mortgages ,negotiat$ & ,inve/m5ts ,made4 ,,fire1 ,,life ,,& ,,accid5tal ,,insurance ,,9 ,,fir/ ,,class ,,companies4 ,de$s1 ,mortgages & ,leases ,drawn & ,execut$4 ,! ,be/ ,dairy ,pap]6 ,at a rec5t meet+ ( ! ,f>m]s' ,club1 ( ! ,am]ican ,in/itute1 9 ,new ,york ,city1 a correspond5t ask$ = ,! ,be/ ,pap] ,,9 ,,?is ,,c\ntry ,,devot$ ,,to ,,! ,,dairy ,,int]e/8 ,mr4 ,f4 ,d4 ,,curtis1 ,vice ,presid5t ( ! ,,/ate ,,agricultural ,,society1 answ]$1 & x w5t on record z ! ,,s5tim5t ,,( ,,! ,,club3 ,,! ,,utica ,,h]ald4 ,,! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald ,,is ,,only ,,two ,,doll>s ,a ,,ye>1 ,,9 ,,advance4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wood ,,mann ,,/eam ,,eng9e ,,co41 ,,portable ,,/eam ,,eng9es1 ,f #d to #bj ,horse ,p[]4 ,,/ation>y ,,eng9es1 ,f #d to #ejj ,horse ,p[]4 ,,boil]s ,,( ,,all ,,k9ds1 ,,circul> ,,saw ,,mills1 ,c4 ,boil]s ,especially ,adapt$ to ,*eese ,factories ,on ,h& or ,furni%$ on ,%ort ,notice4 ,hav+ "o ( ! ,olde/1 ,l>ge/ & ,mo/ ,complete ,works 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 especially adapt$ to ! manufacture ( ,eng9es1 ,boil]s1 ,saw ,mills1 c41 we are able to furni% !m1 built ( ! v be/ mat]ials1 & at ! l[e/ prices at :i* "w 9 any way equal1 c be obta9$4 ,prices furni%$ on application4 ,wood ,mann ,/eam ,eng9e ,co41 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,william ,,ralph ,,co41 #agc #age ,g5esee ,/41 ,,wm4 ,,ralph1 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,john ,,c>ton4 ,,manufactur]s ,,( ,,& ,,deal]s ,,9 ,,*eese-,,factory ,,& ,,f>m ,dairy ,app>atus1 ,,tools1 ,,implem5ts ,,& ,,furni%+ ,,goods1 ,,su* ,,z ,,*eese ,,vats ,,= ,,factories1 ,,*eese ,,vats ,,= ,,dairies1 ,,factory ,,w>m+ ,,& ,,v5tilat+ ,,app>atus1 ,,wat]-,,heat]s1 ,,weigh+ ,,cans1 ,,c>ry+ ,,cans1 ,,*eese ,,presses1 ,,press ,,screws1 ,,wood ,,press ,,hoops1 ,,metallic ,,press ,,hoops1 ,,milk ,,agitators1 ,,am]ican ,,curd ,,mill1 ,,curd ,,agitators1 ,,lactomet]s1 ,,milk ,,te/ ,,glasses1 ,,cream ,,gauges1 ,,!rmomet]s1 ,,/eel ,,curd ,,knives1 ,,dra9+ ,,s9ks1 ,,milk ,,conductors1 ,,plat=m ,,scales1 ,,improv$ ,,t9 ,,milk ,,pails1 ,,dairy ,,pails1 ,,dairy ,,dipp]s1 ,,curd ,,scoops1 ,,:ey ,,/ra9]s1 ,,r5net ,,j>s1 ,,pat5t ,,milk ,,c ,,h&les1 ,,/5cil ,,plates1 ,,factory ,,milk ,,books1 ,,annotta1 ,,scale ,,bo>ds1 ,,*eese ,,b&age1 ,,r5nets1 ,,milk1 ,,wat] ,,& ,,:ey ,,faucets1 ,,s9k ,,ca/ors1 ,,*eese ,,hoops1 ,,h&les1 c41 c4 ,all articles 9 our l9e are ( ! be/ k9ds & mo/ approv$ patt]ns1 & our prices z l[ z fir/ class goods c be furni%$4 ,plans1 ,e/imates1 c41 = ,*eese-,factories & ,dairies1 toge!r ) o!r in=mation p]ta9+ !reto1 w be *e]fully furni%$ to p>ties int]e/$1 on application4 ,,ralph',s ,,oneida ,,*eese ,,vats ,= ,*eese ,factories ,f>m ,dairies4 ,,adapt$ ,,to ,,all ,,classes1 ,,h[ev] ,,l>ge ,,or ,,small4 7,see cut ( #fjj gallon1 factory size1 on cov]47 ,?is ,*eese ,vat is con/antly gr[+ 9 favor z its m]its become kn[n2 x is n[ us$ 9 ab\t #ejj ,*eese ,factories & #adjj ,dairies4 ,f its con/ruction & pr9ciple ( op]ation--diff]+ ess5tially f all o!rs1--a l>g] am\nt ( *eese f a giv5 am\nt ( milk c be made ) x1 ) a mu* less consumption ( fuel & labor4 ,by x ! heat is p]fectly controllable1 & di/ribut$ absolutely equal 9 e "p1 except t !re is a slightly less am\nt at ! bottom ( ! ,milk ,vat2 ?is is effect$ by ! ,,equaliz]--:i* is n us$ 9 any o!r app>atus1--& is an advantage duly appreciat$ by all good *eese-mak]s4 ,^! ,vats are complete & ready = use on atta*+ smoke pipe1 involv+ ! use ( no /eam-boil] or pipes1 brick ar*es or o!r exp5sive app]t5ance2 are q simple 9 arrangem5t1 /rong & durable 9 con/ruction4 ,s5d = ,descriptive ,circul> & ,price ,li/4 ,,wm4 ,,ralph ,,co41 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,*eese ,,factory ,,w>m+ ,,v5tilat+ ,,app>atus4 ,,we ,,w\ld ,,invite ,,att5tion ,,to ,,?is ,,article3 ,x is admirably adapt$ to secur+ a prop] condition ( ! atmosph]e 9 ! cur+-room to facilitate ! cur+ ( ! *eese1 p>ticul>ly 9 cool & damp wea!r1 9 spr+ & fall1 giv+ ,a ,s(t ,g5ial ,temp]ature ,?r\gh\t ! ,build+1 favorable to a rapid & prop] rip5+ ( ! *eese2 !re be+ no m heat ne> ! heat] ?an 9 remote p>ts ( ! room4 ,by a suitable inlet & v5tiducts1 air f ! outside may be conduct$ to ! heat] & f !nce di/ribut$ to all p>ts ( ! cur+-room1 expell+ ! old & p]haps ta9t$ air f ! build+4 ,= fur!r in=mation address1 ,,wm4 ,,ralph ,,co41 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,jones ,,faulkn]',s ,dairy ,furni%+ ,/ore1 ,no4 #ada ,,g5esee ,,/reet1 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,we beg leave to call y\r att5tion to our /ock ( ,dairy ,furni%+ ,goods1 be+ ! only complete assortm5t 9 ?is l9e to be f\nd 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,believ+ we c make x an object = y to pur*ase ( u1 we e>ne/ly solicit y\r patronage4 ,we %all issue our ,price ,li/ ab\t ! #a/ ( ,m>*4 ,^? s5d+ _! names to u1 w receive a copy ( ! same by mail4 ,,*eese ,,vats4 ,,we ,,sell ,ralph's & ,o',neil's ,pat5t ,vats1 ,bagg's1 ,mill]'s1 & ,s*]m]horn's ,pat5t ,heat]s1 at ,manufactur]s' prices4 ,,hoops4 ,,all ,,sizes4 ,improv$ ,h>d ,wood1 ,extra ,hoop$ ) ,iron1 ,weld$ & ,rivet$ ,b&s1 & ,malleable ,h&les1 also ,galvaniz$ ,hoops4 ,,screws4 ,,all ,,/yles ,,& ,,sizes4 ,wr\ght ,iron1 & ( sup]ior manufacture4 ,,b&age4 ,,all ,,wid?s4 #bf1 #bh1 #cd1 #cf1 #ch & #dj in*1 ,blea*$ & ,unblea*$4 ,l95 ,/ra9] & ,l95 & ,cotton ,press & ,cap ,clo?1 also ,blea*$ & ,br[n ,%eet+s4 ,,/one ,,r5net ,,j>s4 ,sizes #h1 #aj1 #ab1 #ae & #bj gallons4 ,,weigh & ,,c>ry+ ,,cans4 ,,all ,,sizes4 ,) ,pat5t ,bottoms1 & extra heavy ,t94 ,burnap's ,concave ,c ,bottoms & ,convex ,tops1 be/ ?+ made4 ,,dairy ,,knives4 ,"y's celebrat$ ,two ,edg$1 ,ca/ ,/eel1 be/ 9 use1 all sizes1 ) ,p]p5dicul> & ,horizontal ,blades4 ,,annotto4 ,common1 ,m$ium1 & ,extra ,f9e1 also ,liquid ,annato4 ,,r5nets4 ,am]ican & ,import$1 ( sup]ior quality & /r5g?4 ,,miscellane\s4 ,factory ,acc\nt ,books1 all ,sizes4 ,curd ,scoops1 wood & t94 ,rubb] & ,t9 ,syphons & ,/ra9]s4 ,rubb] ,mops & ,aprons4 ,improv$ ,p] ,c5t4 ,lactomet]s4 ,alkali & ,_s ,met]s4 ,legal ,in/rum5ts = detect+ impurities 9 ,milk4 ,glass ,te/ ,tubes4 ,*eese & ,butt] ,try]s4 ,indelible ,m>k+ ,pa/e1 r$1 blue & black4 ,/5cil ,plates & ,bru%es4 ,factory ,br&s4 ,factory ,slates4 ,factory ,sold]+ ,irons4 ,weigh ,c ,gates1 #c 94 ,dairy ,dipp]s4 ,milk & ,hot ,wat] ,faucets1 all sizes4 ,conductor ,heads4 ,scale ,bo>ds1 all sizes4 ,wood1 ,iron & ,lead ,wat] ,pipes & ,/eam ,pipes4 ,curd ,s9k ,ca/ors4 ,mc,adams' ,engli% ,curd ,mills4 ,plat=m ,scales4 ,pota% & ,conc5trat$ ,lye4 ,new ,/yle ,brass ,!rmomet]s4 ,f9ally1 e article us$ by ,*eese ,factory & ,dairym51 p]ta9+ to ! manufacture ( ,*eese4 ,we also sell ! ,annual ,reports ( ! ,am]ican ,dairym5's ,association1 & ,mc,adams' explanation ( ! ,*$d> ,sy/em4 ,factorym5 wi%+ ,*eese-,mak]s1 w d well to apply to u1 z we h a li/ ( ,fir/ ,class ,mak]s desir+ situations4 ,*eese-,mak]s :o are compet5t1 & c give satisfactory ref]5ces1 may d well to make application to u4 ,goods ord]$ f u w be c>efully pack$ & %ipp$ z direct$ to any "p ( ! ,_w4 ,,jones ,,faulkn]1 ,no4 #ada ,,g5esee ,,/reet1 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,great ,,r$uction ,,9 ,,! ,,price ,,( ,,clo?+6 ,"s ( ! ,,b>ga9s to be f\nd at ! ,,great ,,w>drobe4 ,,call ,,& ,,inspect ,,!m4 ,,black ,,broadclo? ,,frockcoats1 ,only ,sev5 ,doll>s4 ,,heavy ,,black ,,doesk9 ,,pants1 ,only ,f\r ,doll>s4 ,,f9e ,,black ,,doesk9 ,,ve/s1 ,only ,two ,doll>s & ,fifty ,c5ts4 ,,heavy ,,/\t ,,pants1 7,,black ,,or ,,mix$17 ,only ,?ree ,doll>s4 ,,heavy ,,mosc[ ,,beav] ,,ov]coats1 ,only ,fifte5 ,doll>s4 ,,heavy ,,& ,,w>m ,,ov]coats1 ,only ,six ,doll>s & ,fifty ,c5ts4 ,,good ,,all ,,wool ,,ov]coats1 ,only ,sev5 ,doll>s4 ,,heavy ,,all ,,wool ,,sackcoats1 ,only ,six ,doll>s4 ,a ,,l>ge ,,/ock ,,( ,,boys' ,,clo?+1 ,a ,good ,%>e at ,co/1 & "p ,less ?an ,co/4 ,a ,spl5did ,assortm5t ( ,,furni%+ ,,goods1 ,*eap] ?an at any o!r ,/ore4 ,! ,new & ,elegant ,,irv+ ,,pap] ,,coll>1 ,only ,t5 ,c5ts p] ,box4 ,,f9e ,,l95 ,,coll>s1 ,only ,"o ,doll> & ,fifty ,c5ts p] ,doz54 ,,good ,,:ite ,,%irts1 ,only ,"o ,doll> ,ea*4 ,,quak] ,,city ,,f9e ,,%irts1 ! ,be/ ,%irts 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,^? ,made f ,new ,york ,mills ,musl91 ,only ,?ree ,doll>s ,ea*4 ,f ,wamsutta ,musl91 ,only ,two ,doll>s & ,sev5ty-five ,c5ts4 ,l[] ,grades ( ! same make1 at ,two ,doll>s & ,fifty ,c5ts & ,two ,doll>s ,ea*4 ,don't ,fail to ,exam9e ^! ,%irts--,x may be an ,advantage to ,y4 ,,f9e ,,:ite ,,wrapp]s ,,& ,,draw]s1 ,only ,"o ,doll> ,ea*4 ,,heavy ,,mix$ ,,wrapp]s ,,& ,,draw]s1 ,only ,fifty ,c5ts ,ea*4 ,,call ,,at ,,! ,,great ,,w>drobe ,,! ,,model ,,clo?+ ,,/ore1 #aaj #aab ,g5esee ,/41 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,*>les ,c4 ,,k+sley4 ,ag5ts = ! ,d\ble ,w>p ,royal ,/&>d ,alpacas4 ,we ,make a ,specialty ( ,flannels & ,blankets4 ,illu/ration ,,ag5ts ,,= ,,mati] ,,co41 ,,( ,,belfa/1 ,,l95 ,,manufactur]s4 ,ag5ts = ,willi/on's ,comb$ ,sea ,isl& ,ma*9e ,?read4 ,v4 ,b4 ,,/ew>t ,,co41 ,manufactur]s ( & ,deal]s 9 ,,cloaks1 ,,dry ,,fancy ,,goods1 ,silks1 ,%awls1 ,dress ,goods1 ,cloak+s1 ,,c>pets1 ,,oil ,,clo?s1 ,,mats1 c41 ,nos4 #aff #afh ,g5esee ,/reet1 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,*amb]la9 ,,cu%man1 --,,g5]al ,,ag5ts ,,= ,,!-- ,s+]'s ,sew+ ,ma*9es --,,&-- ,,bick=d ,,family ,,knitt+ ,,ma*9e1 ,,= ,,! ,,c\nties ,,( ,*5ango1 ,h]kim]1 ,jeff]son1 ,lewis1 ,oneida1 ,otsego & ,/4 ,lawr5ce4 #aac ,,g5esee ,,/41 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! ,celebrat$ ,s+] ,family ,sew+ ,ma*9e1 "o ( ! olde/ & mo/ reliable ,sew+ ,ma*9es 9 use4 ,x has be5 v mu* improv$ 9 ! pa/ ye>1 mak+ x ! mo/ quiet & easie/ runn+ %uttle ma*9e n[ 9 use4 ,x is adapt$ to a great] range ( "w ?an any o!r "o ma*9e1 sew+ f ! f9e/ tuck 9 ,t>liton to a heavy ,beav] coat4 ,its ,atta*m5ts = ,hemm+1 ,braid+1 ,cord+1 ,tuck+1 ,quilt+1 ,fell+1 ,trimm+1 ,b9d+1 ,ruffl+ & ,embroid]+1 are novel & practical1 & h be5 inv5t$ & adju/$ especially = ?is ,ma*9e4 ,!re is n[ ne>ly #djj1jjj 9 use4 ,!re is n[ be+ made & sold ov] #d1jjj ma*9es ea* week1 :i* is "o ( its be/ recomm5dations ov] o!r ma*9es4 ,x is p]fectly simple & easy to le>n4 ,don't fail to see "o be=e pur*as+ a ma*9e4 ,,! ,,bick=d ,,knitt+ ,,ma*9e ,w ,knit #ae1jjj /it*es or #ah in*es ( ,p]fect ,"w 9 a ,m9ute4 ,socks complete & :ole ) d\ble heel & toe4 ,/rips f #a to #ab in*es wide1 ) selv$ge on ea* edge4 ,fr+e ( any l5g?1 ,cord ( any size1 & ,tuft+ ( any /yle4 ,,price #cj ,,doll>s4 ,,taylor ,,co4',s ,jewelry ,e/abli%m5t1 #gj ,,g5esee ,,/41 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,am]ican ,,wat*es1 ,,compris+ ,,! ,illu/ration ,,h[>d ,,wat*1 ,,wal?am ,,wat*1 ,,elg9 ,,wat*1 ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,wat*1 ,,all ,,at ,,factory ,,prices1 ,9 ,gold & ,silv] ,cases4 ,9 ,,solid ,,silv] ,,w>e1 ( ,gorham ,manufacture1 & 9 ,,f9e ,,silv] ,,plat$ ,,w>e1 ( ,rog]s ,bros4 make1 we h a great v>iety ( ! v be/ patt]ns4 ,9 ,,elegant ,,jewelry we h ! newe/ & mo/ desirable patt]ns1 consi/+ ( ,gold ,*a9s1 ,sets--,p9s & ,e>-,r+s1 ,f+]-,r+s1 ,lockets1 ,bracelets1 ,sleeve-,buttons1 ,/uds1 c41 c4 ,pur*as]s ( any articles 9 our l9e are invit$ to give u a call4 ,all goods w>rant$4 ,w4 ,s4 ,,taylor ,,co41 #gj ,g5esee ,/4 ,,! ,,g5u9e ,,or1 ,elias ,h[e ,sew+ ,ma*9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,?is ,,m$allion ,,is ,,emb$d$ ,,9 ,,e ,,g5u9e ,,h[e ,,sew+ ,,ma*9e ,hemm]1 ,fell]1 ,b9d]1 ,braid]1 ,quilt]1 ,self-,ba/]1 ,cord]1 7adju/able foot17 ,embroid]y ,atta*m5t1 & ,gage4 ,,sold ,,only ,,at #hg ,,g5esee ,,/41 ,,utica4 ,,ov]ton ,,buck+ham1 ,ag5ts4 ,n4 ,b4--,none g5u9e )\t ! ,trade ,m>k1 7,m$allion ,pr(ile ( ,,elias ,,h[e1 ,jr417 is imb$d$ 9 ! ,ma*9e4 ,?is is ! ,,g5u9e ,,h[e4 ,pr(4 ,,elias ,,h[e1 ,jr41 ! inv5tor1 has ,! ,exclusive ,"r to ,make & ,sell ?is ,ma*9e4 ,decision1 ,judge ,,+raham--,may1 #ahfg4 ,aw>d$ ! ,gr& ,cross ( ! ,legion ( ,honor1 ! ,gr& ,gold ,m$al & a ,silv] ,m$al1 ,p>is ,exposition1 #ahfg2 ! ,gr& ,gold ,m$al1 ,london1 #ahfb2 ,six ,fir/ ,premiums1 ,n4 ,y4 ,/ate ,fair1 #ahfg1 on ,ma*9e & ,samples ( ,"w4 ,also1 ! foll[+ ,,/ate ,,fairs ( #ahfh1 h aw>d$ ?is ,ma*9e ! ,,fir/ ,,premium3 ,new ,york1 ,ohio1 ,p5nsylvania1 ,massa*usetts4 ,v]mont1 ,new ,hamp%ire1 ,wiscons91 ,indiana4 ,at ! ,c\nty ,fairs ( ,madison1 ,onondaga1 ,oswego1 ,wayne1 ,orleans1 ,tompk9s1 ,s5eca1 ,monroe1 ,h]kim]1 ,s*uyl]1 ,liv+/on & a ho/ ( o!rs1 & ,t[n ,fairs too num]\s to m5tion4 ,ag5ts = ! ,,new ,,willi/on ,,?read1 made ( ,comb$ ,sea ,isl& ,cotton4 ,,peckham',s ,,popul> ,,cook+ ,,/ove4 ,illu/ration3 ,p4,p4,c4 ,a ,new ,/rictly ,fir/ ,class ,cook+ ,/ove1 ,,= ,,coal ,,& ,,wood4 ,unequall$ & ,w>rant$ ,,9 ,,e ,,respect4 ,! ,success & ,sup]iority ( ?is new ,/ove is ,e/abli%$ beyond a d\bt4 ,= its ,economy ( ,fuel1 ,spaci\s ,ov5s1 ,spl5did ,bak+ ,qualities1 ,facilities = ,keep+ ,fire = great l5g? ( "t1 ,extra ,weight & ,quality ( ,ca/+s1 & ,sup]ior ,fitt+ ( ! ,jo9ts4 ,new ,pat5t ,movable ,res]voir1 ,new ,pat5t ,sectional ,fire-,plate1 ,new ,pat5t ,sad ,iron ,heat]1 ,new ,pat5t ,roa/]4 ,all ,valuable ,improvem5ts4 ,call & ,exam9e ! ,/oves & get ,circul>s ) ,te/imonials4 ,,manufactur$ ,,& ,,sold ,,by ,j4 ,s4 ,m4 ,,peckham1 #bj ,ca?>9e ,/41 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,peckham',s ,,new ,,patt]n ,agricultural ,furnace ,boil]1 ,illu/ration ,w>rant$ to ,boil ) ,less ,fuel & 9 ,less ,"t ?an any ,boil] ,made4 ,?is ,furnace is us$ to great advantage by ,*eese-,mak]s1 ,f>m]s1 ,but*]s1 ,bak]s & ,hotel ,keep]s1 & = v>i\s o!r ,manufactur+ & ,me*anical purposes4 ,! ,flues ( ?is ,boil] are s con/ruct$ t ! :ole surface ( ! ,caldron is heat$ at ! same "t4 ,!y are portable1 & require only a few l5g?s ( pipe to fit !m = use1 & possess great advantages ov] ,caldron ,kettles set 9 brick4 ,j4 ,s4 ,m4 ,,peckham1 ,sole ,manufactur]s1 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,! ,,premium ,,h>ve/] ,,( ,,am]ica4 ,illu/ration3 ,,on ,,! ,,road4 ,,! ,,orig9al ,,& ,,only ,,premium ,,buckeye ,,m[] ,,& ,,comb9$ ,,self-,,rak+ ,,reap]4 ,aw>d$ ! ,highe/ ,premium bo? 9 ,m[+ & ,self-,rak+1 at ! mo/ important field trials ev] held 9 any c\ntry4 ,ov] #abe1jjj n[ 9 use4 #cj1jjj sold 9 a s+le season4 ,,manufactur$ ,,by ,,adriance1 ,,platt ,,co41 ,,= ,j4 ,m4 ,,*ilds ,,co41 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,(fice1 #aba ,g5esee ,/reet4 ,circul>s =w>d$ by mail4 ,,h9ts ,,on ,,*eese-,,mak+1 ,,= ,,! ,dairyman1 ! ,factoryman1 ,,& ,,! ,,manufactur]4 ,,by ,t4 ,d4 ,,curtis4 ,,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,rob]ts1 ,,pr9t]1 ,,morn+ ,,h]ald ,,e/abli%m5t4 #ahgj4 ,,! ,,be/ ,,dairy ,,pap]6 ,at a rec5t meet+ ( ! ,f>m]s' ,club1 ( ! ,am]ican ,in/itute1 9 ,new ,york ,city1 a correspond5t ask$ = ,,! ,,be/ ,,pap] ,,9 ,,?is ,,c\ntry ,,devot$ ,,to ,,! ,,dairy ,,int]e/8 ,mr4 ,f4 ,d4 ,,curtis1 ,vice-,presid5t ( ! ,/ate ,agricultural ,society1 answ]$1 & x w5t on record z ! ,,s5tim5t ,,( ,,! ,,club3 ,,! ,,utica ,,h]ald4 ,,! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald ,is ,only ,two ,doll>s a ,ye>1 9 advance4 ,,! ,,dairym5',s ,,pap]6 ,,! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald has1 s9ce ! fir/ organization ( ! ,dairym5's ,association1 report$ promptly & fully all ( its proce$+s & nev] m fully & satisfactorily ?an ! addresses & debates be=e ! ,conv5tion held 9 ,utica 9 ,janu>y1 #ahgj4 ,! ,,utica ,,h]ald also devotes especial att5tion to ev]y?+ connect$ ) ! dairy int]e/2 to ,diseases ( ,cattle & _! ,cure2 ,! ,manufacture ( ,butt] & ,*eese1 & to all ,improv$ ,processes & ,app>atus4 ,! weekly edition e ,tuesday conta9s ! report ( ! ,,little ,,falls ,,m>ket ,,( ,,! ,,previ\s ,,day4 ,! ,,utica ,,h]ald has made ! dairy int]e/ a specialty1 & 9 its weekly edition devotes to x ,m ,space & ,att5tion ?an any o!r ,pap] 9 ! ,c\ntry4 ,at ! same "t1 ! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald aims to be 9 all respects a ,,fir/-,,class ,,family ,,pap]4 ,its ,editorial ,articles are accept$ & recogniz$ z fitly speak+ ! ,union s5tim5t1 ! intellig5t convictions1 & ! ?\ghtful aspirations ( ! million ( p :i* x repres5ts4 ,! ,,utica ,,h]ald1 9 its weekly z well z its morn+ edition1 is pre-em95tly ,a ,,newspap]4 ,by ?or\gh classification & elaborate cond5sation x pres5ts ! gi/ ( all ! news 9 ! briefe/ space1 & ! p]son :o reads no o!r j\rnal1 w n be ignorant ( ! curr5t ( ev5ts1 & ! movem5t ( m5 & pr9ciples4 ,,! ,,correspond5ce weekly publi%$ 9 our columns1 f ,wa%+ton1 ,new ,york1 ,albany & else:]e1 is n inf]ior 9 lit]>y or political int]e/ to t ( any o!r j\rnal 9 ! c\ntry4 ,,! ,,lit]>y ,,dep>tm5t w receive dur+ ! com+ ye>1 increas$ att5tion1 & we tru/ w des]ve 9 ev5 a high] degree ?an h]et(ore ! encomiums :i* h be5 be/[$ ^u x4 ,,adv]tise ,,9 ,,x4 ,manufactur]s & m]*ants wi%+ to rea* dairym5 & produc]s ( butt] & *eese1 c d s 9 no o!r way s readily & s *eaply1 z ?r\gh ! columns ( ! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald4 ,,! ,,t]ms4 ,! ,,utica ,,weekly ,,h]ald is publi%$ at ! l[ price ( ,,two ,,doll>s ,a ,,ye>4 ,paym5t is requir$ 9 advance4 ,tak+ into acc\nt ! size & "* ( ! pap]--its political1 news1 lit]>y & agricultural m]its--x is believ$ t ?is is ,,! ,,*eape/ ,,pap] ,,publi%$4 ,n[ is ! "t to =m clubs4 ,let ! circulation be d\bl$ dur+ ! curr5t ye>4 ,address1 ,,utica ,,h]ald1 #fj ,g5esee ,/reet1 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,william ,,ralph ,,co41 ,,manufactur]s ,,( ,,oneida ,,*eese ,,vats1 ,,= ,,*eese-,,factories ,,& ,,dairies4 7,see ,adv]tisem5ts ,inside47 ,illu/ration ,address1 ,,william ,,ralph ,,co41 #agc & #age ,g5esee ,/41 ,utica1 ,n4 ,y4