,transcrib]'s notes3 ,?is "w is d]iv$ f files on ! ,int]net ,ar*ive3 http3_/_/ar*ive4org_/details_/symbolism( *urc#jj;dura ,page numb]s 9 ?is book are indicat$ by numb]s enclos$ 9 curly braces1 e4g4 #ii4 ,!y h be5 locat$ :]e page breaks occurr$ 9 ! orig9al book4 ,! honorific ,mr is )\t a foll[+ p]iod 9 ! orig9al4 ,! p]iod has be5 ins]t$ 9 ?is transcription4 ,end ,transcrib]'s notes4 ,,! ,,symbolism ,,( ,*ur*es & ,*ur* ,ornam5ts ,a ,,translation ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,book ,,( ,,! ,rationale ,div9orum ,(ficiorum ,,writt5 ,,by ,,william ,,dur&us ,,sometime ,,bi%op ,,( ,,m5de ,,) ,,an ,,introductory ,,essay ,,& ,,notes ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,,john ,,mason ,,neale1 ,b4,a4 ,,& ,,! ,,rev4 ,,b5jam9 ,,webb1 ,b4,a4 ,,( ,,tr9ity ,,college1 ,,cambridge ,new ,york ,,*>les ,,scribn]',s ,,sons #gdc ,,& #gde ,,broadway #ahic ,,d$icat$ ,,to ,,! ,,cambridge ,,camd5 ,,society ,,by ,,two ,,( ,,its ,,f\nd]s vii ,,preface ,! int]e/ :i* has lately be5 display$1 z on all subjects connect$ ) ,ecclesiology1 s m especially on ! symbolical be>+ ( ,*ur* ,ar*itecture1 has l$ u to imag9e t a translation ( ! mo/ valuable "w on ,symbolism :i* ! middle ages c furni%1 might n1 at ! pres5t "t1 be unacceptable to *ur*m54 ,writt51 h[ev]1 at a p]iod :5 ,*ri/ian ,ar*itecture _h n atta9$ its full glory1 x necess>ily leaves unt\*$ _m arrangem5ts ( simil> t5d5cy1 subsequ5tly adopt$2 address$ to ^? :o _h n yet le>nt to d\bt ev]y?+ n =mally prov$1 x assumes _m po9ts :i* may n[ seem to require confirmation3 & compos$ = ! use ( a cl]gy habituat$ to a mo/ figurative ritual1 x passes ov] mu* z well kn[n1 :i* is n[ =gott5 or neglect$4 ,on ^! acc\nts we h consid]$ x necess>y to prefix an ,essay on ! subject2 9 :i* we h endeav\r$ to prove t ,ca?olic ,ar*itecture mu/ necess>ily be symbolical2 to answ] ! m common objections to ! sy/em2 & to elucidate x by ref]5ce to actual examples1 & notices ( ! figurative arrangem5ts ( our own *ur*es4 ,we h also add$ notes1 :]e any obscurity seem$ viii to require explanation2 & we h1 bo? 9 !m & 9 ! ,app5dix1 ?r[n toge!r su* passages f ,m>t5e1 ,bele?1 ,s4 ,isidore ( ,seville1 ,hugo de ,s4 ,victore1 & o!r writ]s1 z t5d$ to expla9 & to en=ce ! rem>ks ( ,dur&us4 ,) ref]5ce to ! au?or himself1 b little is kn[n2 & t little has be5 told be=e4 ,william ,dur&us 0 born at ,puy-moisson1 9 ,prov5ce1 ab\t ! ye> #abbj4 ,a leg5d ( 8 native c\ntry is told 9 ! pres5t "w4 ,footnote #a ,he became ! pupil ( ,h5ry de ,luza1 aft]w>ds ,c>d9al ( ,o/ia2 & taught canon law at ,mod5a4 ,on ?is subject he compos$ a mo/ le>n$ "w1 ! ,speculum ,juris2 f :i* he obta9$ ! title ( ,speculator3 z also ano!r treatise call$ ,rep]torium ,juris3 & a ,brevi>ium ,gloss>um 9 ,textum ,juris ,canonici4 ,8 high atta9m5ts m>k$ him ,footnote #b out = ! (fice ( ,*apla9 to ,pope ,clem5t ,,iv4 ,footnote #a3 ,see p4 #abf ,footnote #b3 ,mutata =tuna1 says ,do>d3 to :at ?is ref]s1 we "k n4 ,he 0 aft]w>ds ,auditor ( ! ,sacr$ ,palace2 & ,legate to ,pope ,gregory ,x at ! ,c\ncil ( ,lyons4 ,he 0 !n made ,capta9 ( ! ,papal =ces2 9 :i* po/ he assi/$ at ! r$uction ( sev]al rebelli\s cities1 & behav$ ) great c\rage4 ,he f9ally became ,bi%op ( ,m5de 9 #abhf4 ,:ile 9 ?is po/1 & resid5t at ,rome 7= he did n p]sonally visit 8 diocese till #abia1 ! adm9i/ration ( ! diocese be+ p]haps left to a nephew ( ! same "n1 :o succe$$ him71 he f9i%$ ! "w1 ( ! fir/ book ( :i* a translation is pres5t$ to ! read]4 ,b x probably ix 0 comm5c$ be=e2 = we f9d f a passage 9 its latt] half1 t s f> _h be5 writt5 dur+ ! c\rse ( ?is same ye> #abhf4 ,& !re is no difficulty 9 ! title1 ,episcopus ,m9iat5sis1 :i* he gives himself 9 ! ,proeme1 z ?is c\ld easily h be5 add$ aft]w>ds4 ,b x 0 c]ta9ly publi%$1 z ,m>t5e obs]ves1 be=e #abie2 because ,dur&us speaks ( ! ,fea/s ( ! ,holy ,apo/les z semi-d\bles1 :]eas 9 t ye>1 by a con/itution ( ,pope ,urban1 !y 7 comm&$ to be obs]v$ z d\bles4 ,! "t at :i* ! treatise 0 writt5 m especially dem&s our att5tion2 because1 did we imag9e x only a few ye>s lat] ?an x really 01 we might well be a/oni%$ at f9d+ no ref]5ce to ! ,symbolism ( ! ,decorat$ ,/yle4 ,! int]ruptions amid/ :i* ! ,rationale 0 writt5 are feel+ly allud$ to by its au?or1 9 ! ,epilogue 7p4 #afa74 ,he also wrote a treatise ,de ,modo ,concilii ,g5]alis hab5di1 probably ei!r sugge/$ by1 or prep>atory to1 t ( ,lyons4 ,he aft]w>ds w5t on an embassy f ! ,pope to ! ,sultan2 & is by "s said to h end$ ?is life at ,nicosia 9 ,cyprus4 ,b ! fact is n s3 = hav+ gov]n$ 8 diocese t5 ye>s1 & hav+ refus$ ! pr(f]$ ,ar*bi%opric ( ,rav5na1 he dep>t$ at ,rome on ! ,fea/ ( ,all ,sa9ts1 #abif1 be+ buri$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,sancta ,m>ia sup] ,m9]vam1 :]e 8 monum5t is yet to be se51 ) ! foll[+ inscription3-- x ,hic jacet egregius doctor proesul ,mimat5sis1 ,nom9e ,duranti ,guillelmus regula morum3 ,spl5dor hone/atis et ca/i c&or amoris ,altum consiliis spatiosum m5te s]5um ,hunc insignibat immotum turb9e m5tis4 ,m5te pius1 s]mone gravis1 gressuque mode/us1 ,extitit infe/us sup] ho/es m leonis3 ,indomitos domuit populos1 f]roque rebelles1 ,impulit1 ,ecclesiae victor s]vire cogit4 ,comprobat (ficiis1 p>uit ,romania sceptro ,bellig]i comitis ,m>t9i tempore qu>ti3 ,edidit 9 ,jure librum1 quo jus rep]itur3 ,et ,speculum ,juris1 et patrum ,pontificale3 ,et ,rationale ,div9orum patefecit3 ,in/ruxit cl]um scriptis1 monuitque /atutis3 ,gregorii d5i1 ,nicolai scita p]5ni ,glossa diffudit populis1 s5susque pr(undos3 ,jure d$it m5tes et corpus luce /ud5tum3 ,quem memori laude g5uit ,prov9cia dignum3 ,et d$it a ,podio ,missone diaecesis ilium3 ,inde ,bit]r5sis1 praesignis curia ,papae3 ,dum =et ecclesiae ,mimat5sis s$e quietus1 ,hunc vocat octavus ,bonifacius2 altius ilium ,promovet2 hic r5uit ,rav5nae praesul hab]i4 ,fit comes invictus simul h9c et m>*io t&em1 ,et ,romam r$iit3 ,dom9i sub mille trec5tis 7,quatuor amotis7 annis3 tumulante ,m9]va4 ,surripit hunc fe/iva dies1 prima ,novembris4 ,guadia cum ,sanctis t5et ,omnibus inde sac]dos3 ,pro quo p]petuo datur haec celebr>e capella4 ,! ,rationale 0 ! fir/ "w1 f ! p5 ( an un9spir$ writ]1 ev] pr9t$4 ,! editio pr9ceps appe>$ at ! press ( ,fu/ 9 #adei2 be+ prec$$ only by ! ,psalt]s ( #adeg & #adei4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 ( ! mo/ extreme r>ity3 ! beauty ( ! typography has seldom be5 exce$$4 ,*alm]s m5tions1 besides ?is1 ?irte5 editions 9 ! fifte5?1 & ?irte5 9 ! sixte5? c5tury3 all ( !m are v r>e4 xi ,! editions ) :i* we are acqua9t$1 are ^? ( ,rome #adgc2 ,lyons #aejc1 #aeab1 #aecd1 #aehd2 ,antw]p #aegj2 ,v5ice #aeii1 #afji4 ,! translation has be5 made f ! editions ( #adgc & #aeii4 ,! =m] is a magnific5t specim5 ( typography3 ! words are excessively contract$2 & !re are d\ble columns to ea* page4 ,our copy is p>tially illum9at$2 & ! b9d+ is ornam5t$ ) a bord] ( ! ,evangeli/ic ,symbols4 ,! latt] conta9s also ! fir/ edition ( ! "w ( ,bele?1 & is a repr9t ( ,do>d's ,lyons edition ( #aefe4 ,do>d d$icat$ x to 8 bro!r1 ,bi%op ( ,m>seilles2 & prefix$ a ,preface1 9 :i* he be/[s a well-m]it$ eulogium on ,dur&us1 & m5tions ! c>e tak5 9 correct+ & revis+ ! "w4 ,he also add$ "s notes1 ( little wor?4 ,! ,v5ice repr9t is s vici\s a specim5 ( typography1 t f x alone ! s5se c\ld 9 _m places h>dly be expla9$4 ,our copy belong$ to ,bi%op ,:ite ,k5nett1 :o appe>s to h /udi$ x dilig5tly4 ,we mu/ n[ say a few words z on our own %>e 9 ! "w4 ,) respect to ! ,introduction1 fully conv9c$ z we are ( ! tru? & importance ( ! g5]al pr9ciple ma9ta9$ 9 x1 we d n wi% to press1 z matt] ( c]ta9ty1 all or any ( ! m9or details into :i* t !ory is c>ri$4 ,we believe1 inde$1 t ! m ! subject has be5 /udi$1 ! m tru?ful our views w appe> to be3 b we wi% ! read] to be> 9 m9d1 t ! weakness ( any portion ( !m is no argum5t aga9/ _! reception1 z a :ole4 ,at ! same "t1 none c be m aw>e ?an ourselves h[ mu* m ably su* views might h be5 advocat$3 we h n1 h[ev]1 sp>$ xii "t or pa9s 9 ! /udy ( ! subject2 '& if we h done meanly1 x is t we c\ld atta9 unto4' ,9 ! ,translation1 we h endeav\r$1 too (t5 unsuccessfully1 to reta9 ! beautiful simplicity ( ! orig9al4 ,9 ! obscure passages1 ( :i* !re are n a few1 we h m5tion$ ! difficulty 9 ! notes1 le/ ! read]1 by our mi/ake1 %\ld be l$ into error himself4 ,! quotations f ,holy ,scripture are giv5 9 ! au?oris$ v]sion1 except :]e1 to br+ out ! au?or's full mean+1 x 0 necess>y to h rec\rse to ! ,vulgate2 & we h !n translat$ lit]ally f t4 ,we h felt no small pleasure 9 ?us enabl+ ?is excell5t prelate1 ?\gh at s f> di/ant a l& f 8 own1 & aft] a sil5ce ( ne>ly six hundr$ ye>s1 be+ dead1 yet to speak3 & if ! foll[+ pages are at all useful 9 po9t+ out ! sacram5tal "* ( ,ca?olic art1 we %all be abundantly rew>d$1 z be+ fell[-work]s ) him 9 ! sett+ =? ( "o1 n[ too mu* =gott51 ,*ur* pr9ciple4 ,j4 ,m4 ,n4 ,b4 ,w4 ,mi*aelmas1 #ahdb4 ,,introductory ,,essay ---- ,,sacram5tality3 ,a ,,pr9ciple ,,( ,,ecclesia/ical ,,design ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,introductory ,,essay ,,introduction4 #a4 ,spread ( ! /udy ( ,*ur* ,ar*itecture4 #b4 ,obvi\s1 b indef9able1 diff]5ce betwe5 old & new *ur*es4 ,:]e9 ?is consi/s4 ,n 9 association1 ,nor 9 correctness ( details1 ,nor 9 ! ,picturesque1 ,nor 9 ! ,me*anical advantages1 ,b 9 ,reality consid]$1 9 an enl>g$ view1 z ,sacram5tality4 #c4 ,?is probable1 f examples1 & promises 9 ,holy ,scripture4 ,ca?olic cons5t1 examples to ! contr>y1 philosophical reasons4 #d4 ,enunciation ( ! subject4 #e4 ,writ]s on ! subject1 ,pug91 ,poole1 ,lewis1 ,codd+ton1 ! writ]s ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society4 ,a4 ,,argum5ts ,,= ,,symbolism4 ,i4 ,a ,,priori4 ,symbolis+ _s ( ,ca?olic ,antiquity1 9 7a7 ,int]pretation ( ,holy ,scriptures4 7b7 ,analogy ( ! ,jewi% ,c]emonies4 7c7 ,private mann]s4 7d7 ,emblems 9 ,catacombs1 etc4 7e7 ,symbolical int]pretation ( ,hea!n writ]s4 ,,ii4 ,,analogical4 i4 ,examples ( o!r nations4 7a7 ,jews4 7#a7 ,temple rites4 7#b7 ,legal obs]vances4 7#c7 ,sacr$ books4 7b7 ,turks4 7c7 ,infidels4 7#a7 ,h9du & ,egyptian ,my?ology 7#b7 ,p]sian ,poetry4 7d7 ,h]etics4 xvi ii4 ,f ,nature4 7a7 ,tr9ity4 7b7 ,resurrection4 7c7 ,self-sacrifice1 iii4 ,f ,art4 7a7 ,sculpture1 7b7 ,pa9t+4 7c7 ,music4 7d7 ,language ( ,fl[]s4 iv4 ,p>abolical tea*+4 ,,iii4 ,,philosophical4 ,objective answ]+ to ,subjective4 ,all effect sacram5tal ( ! effici5t4 ,sacram5tality ( all ,religion4 ,ritualism peculi>ly & necess>ily sacram5tal4 ,*ur* ,ar*itecture1 a condition ( ,ritualism4 ,necessities induce accid5ts3 & ^! mat]ial expressions4 ,example3 ,necessities ( ,ritualism1 & _! expressions 9 e>li] & lat] ages4 ,h5ce ,symbolism4 ,ess5tial4 ,int5d$4 ,conv5tional1 :i* aga9 becomes int5d$4 ,,iv4 ,,analytical4 #a4 ,cruci=mity4 #b4 ,asc5t to ,alt>4 #c4 ,ori5tation4 #d4 ,v]ticality4 ,v4 ,,inductive4 ,express & cont9u\s te/imony4 7a7 ,apo/olical ,con/itutions4 7b7 ,eusebius4 7c7 ,symbolical writ]s4 ,actual examples4 ,,vi4 ,,recapitulation4 ,b4 ,,examples ,,( ,,symbolism4 ,i4 ,,doctr9es4 7a7 ,! ,holy ,tr9ity1 set =? 9 i4 ,nave & ,two ,aisles4 ii4 ,*ancel1 ,nave & ,apse1 iii4 ,cl]e/ory1 ,tri=ium1 & ,pi] ,ar*es1 iv4 ,triple w9d[s4 v4 ,alt> /eps4 vi4 ,triplicity ( m\ld+s1 vii4 ,m9or details4 7b7 ,reg5]ation4 i4 ,! octagonal =m ( ,fonts1 ii4 ,! octagonal =m ( ,pi]s1 iii4 ,fi%es4 7c7 ,atonem5t4 i4 ,cruci=mity4 ii4 ,deviation ( ,ori5tation4 iii4 ,d\ble ,cross1 iv4 ,! ?reat ,rood4 v4 ,details4 7d7 ,communion ( ,sa9ts4 ,,ii4 ,,details4 7a7 ,w9d[s3 a s]ies ( examples4 7b7 ,doors4 i4 ,norman tympana4 ii4 ,d\ble doors 9 ,e>ly ,engli%4 7a7 ,^! expla9$ 9 two ways1 7#a7 ,*ri/'s entrance into ! _w4 7#b7 ,our entrance into ! k+dom ( heav54 7b7 ,diff]5ce betwe5 m\ld+s ( ,*ancel ar*es & doors4 7c7 ,por*es4 7d7 ,*ancel ,ar* & ,rood ,scre54 7e7 ,monum5ts4 7a7 ,diff]5ce ( anci5t & mod]n symbolism 9 ^!1 7#a7 ,sceptical "* ( ! pres5t age4 7#b7 ,paganism ( mod]n design4 7#c7 ,reality ( anci5t design4 7b7 ,hi/orical details ( ,monum5ts4 7f7 ,gurgoyles & ,poppyheads4 7g7 ,fl[]s us$ 9 ar*itecture4 ,c4 ,,objections ,,answ]$4 #a4 ,inequality ( type & antitype4 #b4 ,diff]5ce ( ,symbolism 9 ! same arrangem5t4 #c4 ,me*anical orig94 ,d4 ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,symbolism4 #a4 ,norman2 z symbolis+ facts4 #b4 ,e>ly ,engli%2 z symbolis+ doctr9es4 #c4 ,decorat$2 z symbolis+ ! connection ( doctr9es4 #d4 ,p]p5dicul>2 z symbolis+ ! progress ( ,era/ianism4 #e4 ,flamboyant1 etc4 #f4 ,po/ ,re=mation ,symbolism4 ,e4 ,,conclusion4 ,contra/ betwe5 a mod]n & anci5t ,*ur*4 ,laus ,deo xix ,,introductory ,,essay ,,*apt] ,i ,,introductory ,! /udy ( ,*ur* ,ar*itecture has )9 ! la/ few ye>s become s g5]al1 & a love = x s widely diffus$1 t :]eas1 9 a =m] g5]ation x 0 a task to excite ei!r1 9 ! pres5t x is r an object to direct bo?4 ,an age ( *ur*-build+1 su* z ?is1 ought to produce good ar*itects1 n only f ! great enc\ragem5t giv5 to _! pr(essional ef=ts1 b f ! increas+ appreciation ( ! pr9ciples & p[]s ( _! art4 ,& yet x _c be d5i$1 h[ev] we may acc\nt = ! fact1 t 7at lea/ among ^? = :om we write1 ! memb]s ( our own communion71 no ar*itect has z yet aris51 :o appe>s de/9$ to be ! reviv] ( ,*ri/ian art4 ,x is n t ! rules ( ! sci5ce h n be5 /udi$1 t ! examples bequea!d to u h n be5 imitat$1 t ! details are n und]/ood4 ,we h 7?\gh !y are b few7 mod]n build+s ( ! mo/ p]fect proportions1 ( ! mo/ faultless details1 & re>$ ) lavi% exp5se4 ,x is t !re is an undef9$--p]haps almo/ undef9able--diff]5ce betwe5 a true 'old *ur*1' & ! mo/ p]fect ( mod]n temples4 ,9 ! =m]1 at lea/ till late 9 ! ,p]p5dicul> era1 we feel t1 h[ev] xx /range ! proportions1 or extraord9>y ! details1 ! effect is *ur*-l4 ,9 ! latt]1 we may n be able to blame2 b f a c]ta9 feel+ ( unsatisfactor9ess1 we _c praise4 ,! solution ( ! problem1--,:at is x t causes ?is diff]5ce8 has be5 (t5 attempt$1 sometimes ) p>tial1 b nev] ) complete1 success4 ,t mo/ commonly giv5 is ! foll[+3--,! effect ( association 9 old build+s1--! mell[+ p[] ( "t1--! evid5t antiquity ( surr\nd+ objects1--! natural beauties ( foliage1 moss1 & ivy1 t require c5turies to rea* p]fection2--z on ! o!r h&1 ! b>5ess1 ! newness1 nay ev5 ! %>pness & vig\r ( new "w2 ^!1 x is said1 are suffici5t to /amp a diff]5t "* on ea*4 ,!re is d\btless some?+ 9 ?is2 b t x is n ! :ole cause is evid5t f ! fact1 t give a mod]n *ur* all ! above m5tion$ advantages on pap]1 & an exp]i5c$ eye w soon detect x to be mod]n4 ,^? writ]s :o1 z ,grose1 ,miln]1 & ,c>t]1 liv$ be=e ! details ( ,*ri/ian art 7 und]/ood1 seem to h plac$ its p]fection 9 a ?or\gh k ( ^!3 exp]i5ce has prov$ !m wrong4 ,o!rs1 z ,mr4 ,petit1 ,footnote #c h made a k9d ( ideal picturesque2 &1 hav+ exalt$ ! phantasm into an idol1 h fall5 d[n & wor%ipp$ x4 ,o!rs1 aga91 h s\ght = an explanation ( ! difficulty 9 ma!matical contrivance & me*anical +5uity2 & ! result has be5 little m ?an ! discov]y ( curi\s eave-dra9s1 & wond]ful ca/-iron ro(-"w4 ,la/ly1 ,mr4 ,pug9 7cum talis sis1 ut9a9 no/] esses67 has plac$ ! ?+ requir$ 9 ,reality4 xxi ,t is1 to quote 8 own words1 9 mak+ ^! ! two great rules ( design3-- #a4 ,t !re %\ld be no features ab\t a build+ :i* are n necess>y = conv5i5ce1 con/ruction1 or propriety3 #b4 ,t all ornam5t %\ld consi/ ( enri*m5t ( ! ess5tial con/ruction ( a build+4' ,footnote #d ,& we may add1 z a coroll>y1 /ill quot+ ! same writ]3--',! smalle/ detail %\ld h a mean+ or s]ve a purpose3 ! con/ruction itself %\ld v>y ) ! mat]ial employ$3 & ! designs %\ld be adapt$ to ! mat]ial 9 :i* !y are to be execut$4' ,/ill1 mo/ true & mo/ important z are ^! rem>ks1 we mu/ insi/ on "o m axiom1 o!rwise ,*ri/ian art w b mock u1 & n %[ u :]e9 its great /r5g? lie?4 ,footnote #c3 ,see ! review ( 8 "w 9 ! ,ecclesiologi/1 vol4 i1 pp4 #ia-aje4 ,footnote #d3 ,pug9's ',true ,pr9ciples1' p4 #a4 ,a ,ca?olic ar*itect mu/ be a ,ca?olic 9 he>t4 ,simple k w no m enable a man to build up ,god's mat]ial1 ?an ,8 spiritual temples4 ,9 anci5t times1 ! f9e/ build+s 7 design$ by ! holie/ bi%ops4 ,wykeham & ,poore w occur to e *ur*man4 ,& we h e reason to believe1 f ,god's ,^w1 f ,ca?olic cons5t1 & ev5 f philosophical pr9ciples1 t su* mu/ always be ! case4 ,holy ,scripture1 9 m5tion+ ! selection ( ,bezaleel & ,aholiab1 z ar*itects ( ! ,tab]nacle1 expressly ass]ts !m to h be5 fill$ ') ! ,_s ( ,god 9 wisdom1 & 9 und]/&+1 & 9 k1 & 9 all mann] ( workman%ip1 to devise cunn+ works1 to "w 9 gold1 & 9 silv] & 9 brass1 & 9 cutt+ ( /ones to set !m1 & 9 c>v+ ( timb]1 to "w 9 all mann] ( workman%ip4' ,& ?is inde$ is only a "p ( ! bless+ ( ! pure 9 he>t3 !y see ,god1 ! ,f\nta9 ( ,beauty1 ev5 9 ?is life2 z !y %all see ,him1 ! ,f\nta9 ( ,hol9ess1 9 ! xxii next4 ,f ,ca?olic cons5t we may le>n ! same tru?4 ,:y else 0 ,ecclesia/ical ,ar*itecture made a "p ( ! pr(ession ( ,cl]ks1 ?an because x 0 consid]$ t ! purity & hol9ess ( t pr(ession fitt$ !m be/ = s great a "w8 ,footnote #e ,footnote #e3 ,comp>e ! g5]al drift ( ! ,address to ,paul9us4 ,eusebius4 ,h4 ,e4 ,x4 #d4 ,nay1 we h rem>kable pro(s t feel+ )\t k w d m ?an k )\t feel+4 ,!re are in/ances ( build+s--,lisbon ca!dral & ,s4 ,pet]'s ,college *apel1 ,cambridge1 are cases 9 po9t--:i*1 ) ,debas$ or ,italian details1 h nev]!less ,*ri/ian effect4 ,& we h sev]al simil> cases1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ! way ( t[]s4 ,n[1 all[+ ! respectability1 :i* atta*es itself to ! pr(ession ( a mod]n ar*itect1 & ! high "* ( _m 9 t pr(ession1 none w\ld ass]t t !y1 z a body1 make x a matt] ( devotion & pray]2 t !y "w = ! ,*ur* alone reg>dless ( !mselves2 t !y build 9 fai?1 & to ! glory ( ,god4 ,9 tru?1 ar*itecture has become too mu* a pr(ession3 x is made ! means ( ga9+ a livelihood1 & is view$ z a pa? to hon\rable di/9ction1 in/ead ( be+ ! /udy ( ! dev\t ecclesia/ic1 :o matures 8 noble conceptions ) ! advantage ( t pr(\nd m$itation only atta9able 9 ! contemplative life1 :o1 )\t ?\ght ( recomp5se or fame1 has no end 9 view b ! rais+ a temple1 wor?y ( its high end1 & emblematical ( ! fai? :i* is to be ma9ta9$ )9 its walls4 ,x is cle> t mod]n ar*itects are 9 a v diff]5t position f _! pr$ecessors1 ) respect to ^! advantages4 ,we are n prep>$ to say t none b monks ought to design *ur*es1 or t x is impossible = a pr(essional xxiii ar*itect to build ) ! devotion & fai? ( an e>li] "t4 ,b we d prote/ aga9/ ! m]ely bus9ess-l _s ( ! mod]n pr(ession1 & dem& f !m a m elevat$ & directly religi\s habit ( m9d4 ,we surely ought to look at lea/ = *ur*-memb]%ip f "o :o v5tures to design a *ur*4 ,!re _c be a m pa9ful idea ?an t a sep>ati/ %\ld be all[$ to build a ,h\se ( ,god1 :5 he himself kn[s no?+ ( ! ritual & wor%ip ( ! ,*ur* f :i* he has /ray$2 to prep>e bo? font & alt>1 :5 p]*ance he kn[s no?+ ( ei!r ,sacram5t b t he has always despis$ !m4 ,or1 aga91 to ?9k t any *ur*man %\ld all[ himself to build a conv5ticle1 & ev5 sometimes to pro/itute ! speak+ ar*itecture ( ! ,*ur* to ! s]vice ( ,h] bitt]e/ enemies6 ,:at idea c su* a p]son h =m$ ( ! reality ( *ur* ar*itecture8 ,conceive a *ur*man design+ a triple w9d[1 admitt$ emblem ( ! ,mo/ ,holy ,tr9ity1 = a congregation ( ,soc9ians6 ,we wi% to v9dicate ! dignity ( ?is noble sci5ce aga9/ ! treason ( its own pr(essors4 ,if ar*itecture is any?+ m ?an a m]e trade2 if x is inde$ a lib]al1 intellectual art1 a true bran* ( poesy1 let u prize its reality & mean+ & tru?fulness1 & at lea/ n expose ourselves by giv+ to two contr>ies "o & ! same mat]ial expression4 ,x is object$ t ar*itects h a "r to ! same pr(essional consci5ce t is claim$1 = in/ance1 by a b>ri/]4 ,to :i* we c only reply1 t x mu/ be a /range morality :i* w ju/ify a plead] 9 violat+ tru?2 & h[ mu* worse = an ar*itect to violate tru? 9 ?+s imm$iately connect$ ) ! ,h\se & wor%ip ( ,god8 ,x may be ask$1 ,d we mean to imply !n t a *ur* ar*itect ought nev] xxiv to und]take any secul> build+8 ,p]haps1 z ?+s are1 we _c expect s mu* z ?is n[3 b we c nev] believe t ! man :o engages to design union-h\ses1 or prisons1 or assembly-rooms1 & gives ! dregs ( 8 "t to *ur*-build+1 is likely to produce a good *ur*1 or1 9 %ort1 c expect to be fill$ f above ) ! ,_s ( ,wisdom4 ,! *ur* ar*itect mu/1 we are p]suad$1 make v great sacrifices3 he mu/ =ego all lucrative und]tak+s1 if !y may n be c>ri$ ?r\gh ^u ^? pr9ciples :i* he believes necess>y = e good build+2 & p>ticul>ly if ! end to be answ]$1 or ! wants to be provid$ =1 are 9 !mselves unju/ifiable or mis*iev\s4 ,ev5 9 *ur*-build+ itself1 he mu/ see _m an unwor?y rival pref]r$ to him1 :o w condesc5d to p&] to ! :ims & com=t ( a *ur*-committee1 w suit 8 design to any /&>d ( ritualism :i* may be sugge/$ by 8 own ignorance1 or o!rs' private judgm5t1 :o w cons5t to defile a build+ meant = ,god's wor%ip ) pews & gall]ies & pray]-pulpits & commodi\s ve/ries4 ,b h>d z ! trial may be1 a *ur* ar*itect mu/ submit to x1 r ?an rec$e f ! pr9ciples :i* he kn[s to be ! v f\ndation ( 8 art4 ,we w\ld g fur!r ev51 & d5y ! possibility ( any ar*itect's success 9 all ! diff]5t /yles ( ,po9t$ ar*itecture1 n to m5tion ! ord]s ( ,greece & ,rome1 ,vitruvian1 ,palladian1 ,c9que ,c5to1 ,wr5nian1 nay ev5 ,*9ese1 ,swiss1 ,h9doo1 & ,egyptian at once4 ,we h n ev5 n[ exhau/$ ! li/ ( /yles 9 :i* a mod]n ar*itect is suppos$ to be able to design4 ,x is ev5 m absurd ?an if e mod]n pa9t] 7 expect$1 & %\ld pr(ess1 to pa9t equally well 9 ! /yles ( ,p]ug9o1 ,francia1 ,raphael1 ,holbe91 ,claude1 ! ,p\ss9s1 ,salvator ,rosa1 ,correggio1 ,van ,eyck1 xxv ,t5i]s1 ,rub5s1 ,murillo1 ,reynolds1 ,we/1 ,ga9sbor\gh1 ,ov]beck1 & ,copley ,field+ all at once6 ,an ar*itect ought inde$ to be acqua9t$1 & ! m ! bett]1 ) all /yles ( build+3 b if ar*itecture1 z we said be=e1 is a bran* ( poesy1 if ! poet's m9d is to h any individuality1 he mu/ design 9 "o /yle1 & "o /yle only4 ,= ! ,anglican ar*itect1 x w be necess>y to "k en\gh ( ! e>li] /yles to be able to re/ore ! deeply int]e/+ *ur*es1 :i* !y h left u z preci\s heirlooms2 en\gh ( ! ,debas$ /yles1 to take w>n+ f _! decl9e3 b = 8 own /yle1 he %\ld *oose ! glori\s ar*itecture ( ! f\rte5? c5tury2 &1 j z no man has m ?an "o h&-writ+1 s 9 ?is "o language alone w he express 8 ar*itectural ideas4 ,we _c leave ?is topic )\t ref]r+ to :at ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society has said ) respect to ar*itectural competition4 ,footnote #f ,x is a fact t at ?is "t _m compet+ designs are manufactur$ 9 an ar*itect's (fice1 by "s ( 8 cl]ks1 z if by ma*9]y3 if a giv5 plan is *os51 ! ar*itect is summon$1 & sees 8 767 design = ! fir/ "t1 :5 he is introduc$ to ! smil+ committee-m54 ,x is ano!r fact t !re is at ?is "t 9 ,london a small body ( p]sons1 ) no o!r qualification ?an t ( hav+ be5 draughtsm5 9 an ar*itect's (fice1 :o get up a set ( compet+ designs = any aspirant :o *ooses to give !m a few in/ructions1 & to pay !m = _! tr\ble4 ,h[ mu* x is to be wi%$ t !re 7 "s exam9ation ( an ar*itect's qualifications1 be=e he %\ld be all[$ to assume ! "n6 ,x seems /range t ! m able memb]s ( ! pr(ession d n !mselves feel "s esprit de corps1 & d n at xxvi lea/ endeav\r to claim = _! art its full dignity & importance4 ,we fe> h[ev] t v few1 z yet1 take t religions view ( _! pr(ession1 :i* we h %[n to be seemly1 ev5 if n ess5tial4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we succe$ 9 prov+ t religion ent]s v l>gely into ! pr9ciples ( *ur* ar*itecture1 a religi\s e?os1 we repeat1 is ess5tial to a *ur* ar*itect4 ,at all ev5ts1 9 an inve/igation into ! diff]5ces betwe5 anci5t & mod]n *ur* ar*itecture1 ! contra/ betwe5 ! anci5t & mod]n build]s c\ld n be ov]look$3 & x is n too mu* to hope t "s1 at lea/1 may be /ruck by ! fact1 t ! deeply religi\s habits ( ! build]s ( old1 ! h\rs1 ! cloi/]1 ! discipl9e1 ! ob$i5ce1 result$ 9 _! mat*less works2 :ile ! worldl9ess1 vanity1 dissipation1 & patronage ( our own ar*itects issue 9 unv>y+ & hopeless failure4 ,footnote #f3 ,see ,ecclesiologi/1 vol4 i1 pp4 #fi1 #he4 ,we said t !re 7 philosophical reasons = ! belief t we mu/ h ar*itects--be=e we c h build+s--l ^? ( old4 ,if x be true t an esot]ic signification1 or1 z we %all call x1 ,sacram5tality1 ,footnote #g ran ?r\gh all ! arrangem5ts & details ( ,*ri/ian ar*itecture1 emblematical ( ,*ri/ian discipl9e1 & sugge/$ by ,*ri/ian devotion2 !n mu/ ! discipl9e h be5 practis$1 & ! devotion felt1 be=e a ,*ri/ian temple c be re>$4 ,t ?is esot]ic mean+1 or symbolism1 does exi/1 we are n[ to endeav\r to prove4 ,footnote #g3 ,x may be prop] to di/+ui% betwe5 five t]ms1 too g5]ally vaguely employ$ 9 common1 & :i* we %all (t5 h occasion to use3 we mean1 allegorical1 symbolical1 typical1 figurative1 & sacram5tal4 ',allegory employs fictiti\s ?+s & p]sonages to %ad[ out ! tru?3 ,symbolism uses real p]sonages & real actions 7& real ?+s7 z symbols ( ! tru?3' ,briti% ,critic1 ,no4 lxv4 p4 #aba4 ,sacram5tality is symbolism appli$ to ! tru? ,greek text1 ! tea*+ ( ! ,*ur*1 by ! h&s ( ! tea*]3 a ,type is a symbol int5d$ f ! fir/3 a ,figure is a symbol n discov]$ till aft] ! ?+ figurative has _h a be+4 xxvii ,we ass]t1 !n1 t ,sacram5tality is t *>act]i/ic :i* s /rik+ly di/+ui%es anci5t ecclesia/ical ar*itecture f our own4 ,by ?is ^w we mean to convey ! idea t1 by ! outw>d & visible =m1 is signifi$ some?+ inw>d & spiritual3 t ! mat]ial fabric symbolises1 embodies1 figures1 repres5ts1 expresses1 answ]s to1 "s ab/ract mean+4 ,consequ5tly1 unless ?is ideal be itself true1 or be rightly und]/ood1 he :o seeks to build a ,*ri/ian *ur* may embody a false or incomplete or mi/ak5 ideal1 b w n develope ! true "o4 ,h5ce1 :ile ! ,p>!non1 or a conv5ticle1 or a mod]n *ur*1 may be conceiv$ to h1 on ! "o h&1 s mu* tru?fulness1 z to symbolise respectively ! graceful1 b pagan1 wor%ip ( ,a!ne--! private judgm5t ( ! diss5t]--& ! w>p$ or ill-und]/ood or puritanis$ religi\s e?os ( ! mod]n *ur*man2 &1 on ! o!r h&1 to h s mu* reality z to c>ry out mo/ satisfactorily ,mr4 ,pug9's canons2 yet1 inasmu* z 9 nei!r case 0 ! build]'s ideal ! true "o1 s 9 nei!r case is 8 ar*itecture 9 any way adapt$ to1 or an embodim5t (1 ! ideal ( ! ,*ur*4 ,reality1 !n1 is n ( itself suffici5t4 ,:at c be m real ?an a pyramid1 yet :at less ,*ri/ian8 ,x mu/ be ,*ri/ian reality1 ! true expression ( a true ideal1 :i* makes ,ca?olic ar*itecture :at x is4 ,?is ,*ri/ian reality1 we w\ld call ,sacram5tality2 inve/+ t symbolical tru?fulness1 :i* x has 9 common ) e true expression1 ) a great] =ce & hol9ess1 bo? f ! great] purity ( ! p]fect tru? :i* x embodies1 & f ! association :i* ?is "n w give x ) ^? adorable & consummate examples ( ! same xxviii pr9ciple1 inf9itely m develop$1 & inf9itely m holy 9 ! spiritual grace :i* !y signify & convey1--! ,bless$ ,sacram5ts ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! mod]n writ]s :o h treat$ on ,symbolism seem to h tak5 respectively v p>tial views ( ! subject4 ,mr4 ,pug9 does n seem 9 8 books to recognise ! p>ticul> pr9ciple :i* we h enunciat$4 ,we h %[n t 8 law ab\t ,reality is true s f> z x goes1 b t x does n g f> en\gh4 ,he himself1 = example1 is n[ contemplat+ a "w on ! reality ( dome/ic1 z be=e ( ecclesia/ical1 ar*itecture4 ,n[1 no?+ c be m true1 no?+ m useful1 ?an ?is4 ,yet ev5 he does n seem to h disc]n$ t z contact ) ! ,*ur* endues ) a new sanctity1 & elevates e =m & e pr9ciple ( art3 s 9 a peculi> s5se ! sacr$ end to :i* *ur* ar*itecture is subs]vi5t1 elevates & sanctifies t reality :i* mu/ be a condition ( its goodness 9 common ) all good ar*itecture2 9 %ort1 raises ?is pr9ciple ( ,reality into "o ( ,sacram5tality4 ,we %\ld be sorry to ass]t t ,mr4 ,pug9 does n feel ?is1 ?\gh we are n aw>e t he has express$ x 9 8 writ+s3 b 9 8 mo/ la/+ writ+s1 8 *ur*es namely1 x is cle> t ! pr9ciple1 if n int5tionally ev51 & if only incompletely1 has n be5 )\t a great influ5ce on t ma/] m9d4 ,yet ev5 9 ^! we c\ld po9t to details1 & 9 "s ( 8 e>li] works to some?+ m ?an details1 :i* %ew t !re is some?+ want+2 t 9 ! bold exp$i5ts & fe>less lic5ce :i* 8 g5ius has l$ him to employ1 he has occasionally gone wrong2 n f ! fact ( 8 dep>ture f /rict prec$5t1 & 8 v9dication ( a c]ta9 ar*itectural fre$om1 b because 9 ^! escapem5ts f au?ority1 he has n inv>iably kept 9 view ! xxix pr9ciple n[ advocat$4 ,h[ev] ! au?or ( ! ',true ,pr9ciples' might po9t to 8 *ur*es1 to prove t a rev]5t & religi\s m9d1 employ$ 9 adm9i/]+ to ! mat]ial wants ( ! ,*ur*1 7ev5 ?\gh t rev]5ce be misappli$1 & t ,*ur* 9 a s*ismatical position71 _c fail to succe$1 at lea/ 9 "s degree1 9 /amp+ ^u 8 "w ! impress ( 8 own fai? & zeal1 & 9 mak+ x1 at lea/ to "s ext5t1 a liv+ developm5t & expression ( ! true ideal4 ,mr4 ,poole1 ! au?or ( ! ',appropriate ,"* ( ,*ur* ,ar*itecture1' w\ld appe> to believe ! symbolism ( details r ?an any g5]al pr9ciple4 ,he 0 ! fir/1 we ?9k1 to reass]t t ! octagonal =m ( fonts 0 figurative ( ,reg5]ation4 ,9 ! latt] edition ( 8 ,book he has adopt$ sev]al ( ! symbolical int]pretations advanc$ by ! writ]s ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society4 ,mr4 ,lewis1 9 8 illu/rations ( ,kilpeck *ur* 79 an app5dix to :i* he has pr9t$ a translation ( "s "p ( ! ',rationale' ( our au?or71 has giv5 a treatise on symbolism g5]ally1 & has appli$ 8 pr9ciples to ! explanation ( ! plan & details ( t p>ticul> *ur*4 ,8 book excit$ "s att5tion at ! "t ( publication1 & 0 met by consid]able ridicule 9 _m qu>t]s4 ,to ?is we ?9k x 0 fairly op51 s9ce ! au?or did n seem to h grasp$ ! true view ( ! subject4 ,he appe>s to believe t1 f ! v fir/1 all *ur* ar*itecture 0 int5tionally symbolical4 ,n[ ?is is an unlikely supposition1 inasmu* z till *ur* ar*itecture 0 fully develop$1 we d n ?9k t its real significancy 0 und]/ood to its full ext5t by ^? :o us$ x4 ,t x 01 9 its imp]fect /ate1 symbolical1 we %\ld be ! la/ to d5y2 b x seems m 9 accordance xxx ) probability1 & m 9 analogy ) ! progress ( o!r arts1 to believe t at fir/ c]ta9 giv5 wants induc$ & compell$ c]ta9 adaptations to ^? wants3 :i* !n did symbolise ! wants !mselves2 & :i* aft]w>ds became int5tionally symbolical4 ,n[ su* a view z ?is w expla9 satisfactorily h[ a ,*ri/ian *ur* might be progressively develop$ f a ,basilican model4 ,mr4 ,hope1 9 8 essay on ,ar*itecture1 c>ries u back to ! v e>lie/ exp$i5t likely to be adopt$ by a savage to protect him f wea!r1 & f ?is d]ives e subsequ5t expansion ( ! art4 ,:i* may be true1 & probably is true1 s f> at lea/ z ?is3 t1 h[ev] fir/ acquir$1 ! elem5t>y k ( any me?od ( build+ w\ld be1 l all o!r k1 cont9ually receiv+ additions & improvem5ts1 till f ! fir/ b[] ( bran*es sprang ! ,p>!non1 & f t aga9 ,cologne or ,we/m9/]4 ,b !n x is cle>ly necess>y to %[ "s moral reason = s /range a developm5t1 s complete a *ange ( =m & /yle4 ,n[ ! !ory t ! e?os ( ,ca?olic ar*itects work+ ^u ! mat]ials made to h&1 namely1 ! anci5t ord]s ( pagan ar*itecture & 7say7 ! ,basilican plan1 gradually impress$ itself ^u ^! unpromis+ elem5ts1 & progressively develop$ f !m a transcript ( t e?os 9 ,*ri/ian ar*itecture1 is intelligible at lea/1 & pres5ts no su* difficulty z ,mr4 ,lewis's supposition t anci5t ar*itects 7he does n say :51 or h[ long--b take ,kilpeck *ur* & say ,norman ar*itects7 design$ int5tionally on symbolical pr9ciples4 ,we want 9 ?is case to be in=m$ :5 ! *ange took place1 f :at p]iod ar*itects began to symbolise int5tionally1 at :at "t !y =got ! traditions ( *ur*-build+1 :i* !y mu/ h _h1 & comm5c$ to c>ry new pr9ciples into practice4 xxxi ,nor1 on ?is supposition1 d we see :y !re %\ld h be5 any progressive developm5t1 :y ! ,basilican & ,debas$-,pagan trammels 7 n ca/ away at once2 nor :y1 if ! ideal ( ! ,norman ar*itect 0 true & p]fect 7t is if he 7 a true ,ca?olic71 its expression %\ld n h be5 s too3 nor :y any ,norman symbolism1 ?us orig9at$1 %\ld ev] h be5 disc>d$ 7z x has be5 9 lat] /yles71 in/ead ( rema9+ an integral & ess5tial "p ( ! mat]ial expression ( ! ,*ur*'s m9d4 ,n[ our view appe>s to be op5 to no su* objection4 ,on ! "o h& !re are giv5 mat]ials to "w ^u1 & on ! o!r a giv5 _s :i* is to m\ld & in=m ! mass4 ,! conte/ goes on3 m9d gradually subdues matt]1 until 9 ! complete developm5t ( ,*ri/ian ar*itecture we see ! projection ( ! m9d ( ! ,*ur*4 ,x is q 9 analogy ) ! hi/ory & nature ( ! ,*ur*1 & ) ! work+s ( ,god's provid5ce ) respect to x1 t !re %\ld be ?is gradual expansion & developm5t ( tru?4 ,we =esee ! objection t w be rais$ aga9/ fix+ on any p]iod z t ( ! full rip5ess ( ,*ri/ian art1 & are prep>$ = _m sne]s at our advocacy ( ! p]fection ( ! ,edw>dian ar*itecture4 ,b we are assur$ t1 if !re is any tru? 7n to say 9 :at is advanc$ 9 ?is essay1 b7 9 :at has ev] be5 propos$ by any :o h appreciat$ ! g5ius ( ,po9t$ ,ar*itecture--to conf9e ourselves to our own subject--no o!r p]iod c be *os5 at :i* all conditions ( beauty1 ( detail1 ( g5]al effect1 ( tru?fulness1 ( reality are s fully answ]$ z 9 ?is4 ,& f ?is spr+ two important consid]ations4 ,fir/ly1 ! decl9e ( ,*ri/ian art--:i* may be trac$ f ?is v p]iod1 if ar*itecture be tri$ by any ( ! conditions :i* h be5 laid d[n--0 confess$ly xxxii co9cid5t )1 & 7if :at we h said is true7 0 really symbolical (1 ^? corruptions1 :i* end$ 9 ! great r5d+ ( ! ,lat9 ,*ur*2 ! effects (1 & p5alties =1 :i* rema9 to ?is day 9 full op]ation 9 ! :ole ( ,we/]n ,*ri/5dom4 ,secondly1 ! ,decorat$ /yle may be inde$ ! f9e/ developm5t ( ,*ri/ian ar*itecture :i* ! _w has yet se52 b x does n foll[ t x is ! greate/ p]fection :i* %all ev] be arriv$ at4 ,no3 we too look =w>d1 if x may be1 to ! "t :5 ev5 a new /yle ( *ur* ar*itecture %all be giv5 u1 s glori\s & beautiful & true1 t ,cologne w s9k into a f9e example ( a transitional p]iod1 :5 ! zeal & fai? & love ( ! reunit$ ,*ur* %all f9d _! j expression 9 ! sacram5tal =ms ( ,ca?olic art4 ,b besides ! above objection to ,mr4 ,lewis's !ory we may m5tion ! arbitr>y way 9 :i* he det]m9es on ?+s :i* are to be symbolis$1 & !n viol5tly endeav\rs to f9d _! expect$ types4 ,?is is q at v>iance ) ! practice ( any sob] symboli/2 & m especially 7z we %all h]eaft] h occasion to po9t out7 ) t ( ,dur&us4 ,?is =c$ sort ( symbolism naturally leads to a disreg>d ( prec$5t & au?ority3 & accord+ly we rememb] to h he>d ( a design by ?is g5tleman = ! arrangem5t ( a *ancel :i* pr(ess$ to symbolise c]ta9 facts & doctr9es2 b :i*1 :atev] might be ! +5uity ( ! symbolism1 0 no less oppos$ to ! con/ant rule ( arrangem5t 9 anci5t *ur*es1 ?an x 0 practically absurd & inconv5i5t = ! purpose :i* x 0 meant to answ]4 ,inde$1 :ile ,mr4 ,lewis insi/s /rongly on ! symbolis+ ( facts1 he does n succe$ 9 grasp+ any g5]al pr9ciple1 any m ?an he sees ! xxxiii difficulty !re is 9 ! way ( our receiv+ 8 supposition ( an int5tion to symbolise f ! fir/4 ,no ar*itect ev] sat d[n ) an analys$ s*eme ( doctr9es :i* he resolv$ to embody 9 8 future build+3 9 ?is1 z 9 any o!r dep>tm5t ( poesy1 ! result is h>moni\s1 significant1 & complete1 & may be resolv$ into its elem5ts1 ?\gh ^! elem5ts might nev] h be5 laid by ! poet z ! f\ndation ^u :i* to raise 8 sup]/ructure4 ,t 7 l ,de ,la ,h>pe's !ory t an epic poet %\ld fir/ det]m9e on 8 moral1 & !n draw out su* a plan = 8 poem z may enable him to illu/rate t moral4 ,footnote #h ,footnote #h3 ,x is ) pa9 t we h spok5 ( ,mr4 ,lewis at all1 because e ,ecclesiologi/ owes him a debt = 8 great boldness 9 turn+ ! public att5tion to ! subject ( symbolism4 ,yet we believe t a prejudice has be5 excit$ by him aga9/ t subject :i* x w be h>d to get ov]2 = we are con/ra9$ to say1 t great] absurdities 7 nev] pr9t$ ?an "s :i* h appe>$ 9 8 book4 ,8 explanations ( ! we/ end ( ,kilpeck *ur*--8 cool assumption :5 any bracket appe>s m puzzl+ ?an usual t x is ( lat] "w1 & !re=e n expla9able--8 r&om p]v]sions ( ,scripture--8 pu]ile conceits ab\t ! door--des]ve ?is criticism4 ,?is same s\? door he extols z a p]fect m9e ( ecclesia/ical in=mation1 :ile he confesses himself unable to expla9 ! symbols wr\ght on ! two ord]s ( ! ar*--t is ab\t two-?irds ( ! :ole6 ,x is /range1 too1 t 9 8 re/oration ( ! *ur*1 he %\ld h =gott5 all ab\t ! bells--& h violat$ a fundam5tal canon ( symbolism1 by t]m9at+ 8 we/]n gable 9 a pla9 ,cross4 ,! writ]s ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society h c>ri$ out ! sy/em m fully & consi/5tly ?an any o!rs4 ,x has evid5tly gr[n ^u !m1 dur+ ! process ( _! inquiries3 yet 9 _! e>lie/ publications1 we trace1 ?\gh m obscurely1 ! same ?+4 ,_! ',few ,words to ,*ur*-,build]s' ackn[l$g$ ! pr9ciple to a f> great] l5g?2 & ! ,ecclesiologi/ has always act$ ^u x1 ev5 :5 n expressly ref]r+ to x4 ,z a necess>y consequ5ce1 !y 7 ! fir/ :o dwelt on ! absolute necessity ( a di/9ct & spaci\s *ancel2 ! fir/ :o recomm5d$1 & xxxiv :]e !y c\ld1 insi/$ on1 ! re-introduction ( ! rood-scre52 & ! fir/ to condemn ! use ( we/]n triplets4 ,! position & %ape ( ! font1 ! necessity ( ori5tation1 & "s few details1 !y h1 b only 9 common ) o!rs1 urg$4 ,! ,ox=d ,ar*itectural ,society h nev] recognis$ any giv5 pr9ciples3 & 9 consequ5ce ,littlemore is propos$ by !m z a model--a *ur* ei!r )\t1 or else all1 *ancel2 & ei!r way a solecism4 ,z might h be5 expect$ f a sep>ati/1 ,rickman1 9 8 treatise1 gives n a s+le l9e to ! pr9ciple = :i* we cont5d4 ,mr4 ,bloxam1 9 8 excell5t little "w1 ?\gh (t5 ref]r+ to x--m especially 9 ! lat] editions :i* h appe>$ s9ce ! lab\rs ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society--yet h>dly gives x t prom95ce :i* we might h expect$ f "o :o possesses s j an idea ( m$iaeval arrangem5ts & art4 ,among ! *ief oppos]s ( ! sy/em we may m5tion ,mr4 ,codd+ton ( ,w>e1 :o sees p]fection 9 ! clums9ess ( ,basilican arrangem5ts1 & s*ism 9 ! develop$ art ( ! middle ages4 ,?is writ]1 z x has be5 obs]v$ 9 ! ,ecclesiologi/1 cont5ds = two ?+s3--#a4 ,t "o great object ( ,romanism 0 to aboli% ! di/9ction betwe5 ! cl]gy & laity3 #b4 ,t ano!r great object ( ! same ,*ur*1 act+ by its monks1 7or1 z he calls !m1 s*ismatical communities7 0 to exalt ! cl]gy unduly above ! laity4 ,! =m] ass]tion he does n attempt to prove3 ! latt] he supports by po9t+ to ! arrangem5t ( ! rood-scre51 :i*1 !re=e1 l ! ,fr5* ,ambonocla/s1 he wi%es to pull d[n bo? 9 ca!drals & *ur*es4 xxxv ,?is brief review ( ! pr9cipal writ]s :o h treat$ on ! ,symbolism ( ,*ur*es & ,*ur* ,ornam5ts1 concludes our fir/ *apt]4 ,9 x we h endeav\r$ to po9t out an ackn[l$g$ desid]atum2 to %ew :at suppositions h be5 advanc$ on ! subject2 to set =? :]e91 & = :at reason1 !y fail ( be+ satisfactory2 to enunciate ! pr9ciple ( ,sacram5tality z ess5tial = ! full appreciation & successful imitation ( anci5t *ur* ar*itecture2 & f9ally1 9 ref]r+ to ! works ( "s lat] symboli/s1 to %ew :y _! hypo!ses are incomplete or unt5able4 ,we h also br\ght "u review ! gl>+ contra/s betwe5 ! me?ods ( life ( an anci5t & mod]n ar*itect2 &1 if we may s say1 betwe5 ! ma*9]y ( design+ & ! habit ( m9d 9 ! two cases4 ,we %all n[ proce$ to exam9e ^? argum5ts :i* may lead u to suspect t "s su* pr9ciple z ,sacram5tality really exi/s4 xxxvi ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! ,,argum5t ,a ,,priori ,x w fir/ be prop] to consid] :e!r1 reg>d+ ! subject priori1 t is1 look+ at ! habits & mann]s ( ^? among :om ! symbolical sy/em orig9at$1 if x orig9at$ any:]e1 we h reason to ?9k !m at all likely to induce t sy/em4 ,n[1 z matt] ( fact1 we "k t ! tra9 ( ?\ght1 ! e-day obs]vances1 above all1 ! religi\s rites ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 7 9 ! highe/ degree figurative4 ,! rite ( ,baptism gave ! mo/ =cible ( all sanctions to su* a sy/em2 & :ile x sanction$1 x also sugge/$1 "s ( ! e>lie/ specim5s ( ,*ri/ian symbolism4 ,h5ce1 :5 t rite 0 f\nd to be1 s to speak1 connect$ ) ! ^w =m$ by ! initial lett]s ( our ,bless$ ,savi\r's "n & titles1 arose ! ,my/ic ,fi%3 h5ce1 z we %all see1 ! octagonal bapti/]y & font4 ,inde$1 almo/ e great doctr9e _h be5 symbolis$ at a v e>ly p]iod ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! ,resurrection 0 set =? 9 ! ,pho5ix1 ris+ immortal f its a%es3 ! m]itori\s ,passion ( our ,savi\r1 by ! ,pelican1 fe$+ its "y ) its own blood3 ! ,sacram5t ( ! ,holy ,eu*>i/1 by grapes & :eate>s1 or aga9 by ! blood fl[+ f ! he>t & feet ( ! ,w\nd$ ,lamb into a *alice b5ea?3 ! ,*ri/ian's r5ewal ( /r5g? xxxvii !reby 9 ! ,eagle1 :i* desc5d+ grey & ag$ into ! ocean1 rises !nce ) r5ew$ /r5g? & vig\r3 ! ,*ur*1 by ! ,ark1 & ! vessel ,footnote #i 9 :i* our ,"l slept3 ! ,*ri/ian's purity & innoc5ce by ! ,dove3 ,footnote #aj aga91 by ! same symbol ! s\ls ,footnote #aa ( ^? :o suff]$ = ! ,tru?3 aga91 ?\gh p]haps n s e>ly1 ! ,holy ,_s3 ! ,apo/les 7 also set =? z twelve ,doves3 ,footnote #ab ! ,asc5sion ( our ,savi\r by ! ,fly+ ,bird2 conc]n+ :i* ,s4 ,gregory ,footnote #ac tea*es1 'rightly is our ,r$eem] call$ a ,bird1 ,^: ,body asc5d$ freely into heav5'3 ,m>tyrs also by birds let loose2 = s ,t]tullian1 ,footnote #ad ',!re is "o k9d ( fle% ( fi%es1 t is ( ^? :o be reg5]ate by ,holy ,baptism2 b ano!r ( birds1 t is ( m>tyrs4' ,footnote #i3 ,naviculum quippe ecclesiam cogitate1--turbul5tum m>e hoc seculum4----,s4 ,aug4 de ,v]b ,dom4 ,footnote #aj3 ,quaeque sup] signum resid5t coele/e ,columbae1 ,simplicibus produnt regna pat]e ,dei4 ,s4 ,paul94 ep4 #ab1 ad ,sev]4 ,footnote #aa3 ,cum nollet idolis sacrific>e 7sc4 ,s4 ,rep>ata7 ecce1 gladio p]cutitur3 cujus anima 9 ,columbae specie de corpore egr$i1 coelumque consc5d]e visa e/4--,m>tyrol4 ,rom4 viii4 ,id4 ,oct4 ,emicat inde ,columba rep5s1 ,m>tyris os nive c&idior ,visa rel9qu]e1 et a/ra sequi3 ,spiritus hic erat ,eulaliae ,lacteolus1 cel]1 innocuus4 ,prud54 ,p]i/4 ,hymn4 #i4 ,comp>e also ! ,passion ( ,s4 ,potitus1--,act4 ,,ss4 ,boll&i1 #ac ,jan4 ,s1 9 ! cemet]y ( ,s4 ,cali/us1 a piece ( glass 0 f\nd by ,boldetti1 on :i* ,s4 ,agnes 0 repres5t$ betwe5 two doves1 ! symbols ( h] ,virg9ity & ,m>tyrdom4 ,footnote #ab3 ,crucem corona lucido c+it globo ,cui coronas sunt corona ,apo/oli1 ,quorum figura e/ 9 columb>um *oro4 7,s4 ,paul94 ,epp47 ,footnote #ac3 ,9 ,evang4 #bi4 ,footnote #ad3 ,de ,resurrect4 #eb4 xxxviii ,! cag$ bird is symbolical ( ! contr>y2 ?is has be5 f\nd ^u ! phial conta9+ ! blood ( a m>tyr4 ,( ?is1 ,boldetti says1 ',x is repres5t$ on ! mosaic ( ! anci5t ,tribune ( ,s4 ,m>y beyond ,tib]2 "o be+ se5 at ! side ( ,isaiah ! ,prophet1 ! o!r at t ( ! ,prophet ,j]emiah4' ,9 ! same way1 p>tridges & peacocks1 ea* ) its own mean+ are repres5t$4 ,s1 aga91 lions1 tig]s1 horses1 ox51 /range fi%es1 & m>9e mon/]s1 repres5t ! fe>ful m>tyrdoms to :i* ,god's s]vants 7 expos$3 a po9t :i* ! read] w d well to be> 9 m9d1 because 9 treat+ ( ,norman m\ld+s we %all h occasion aga9 to ref] to ?is matt]4 ,s1 aga91 ! ext5d$ h& symbolis$ ,provid5ce4 ,we h also ! sev5 />s1 ! moon1 & _m o!r symbols ( a simil> k9d4 ,nor mu/ we =get ! ,agnus ,dei1 by :i* our ,bless$ ,"l ,himself 0 repres5t$2 nor ! ,pa/or ,bonus1 9 :i* ,8 own p>able 0 /ill fur!r p>abolis$4 ,! ,*ri/ian gems f\nd 9 ! ,catacombs are all *>g$ ) "s symbolical device4 ,^u ^! is ! %ip = ! ,*ur*1 ! palm = ! m>tyr1 & ! in/rum5t ( torture3 z well z ! sacr$ monogram express+ our ,savi\r's "n4 ,! same symbol blaz$ on ! lab>um ( ! fir/ ,*ri/ian ,emp]or2 & ! v co9s symbolically %[$ t ! ,*ur* _h subdu$ ! k+doms ( ?is _w4 ,t fe>ful h]esy1 ,gno/icism1 :i* arose f an ov]-symbolis+1 %[s1 nev]!less h[ deeply ! pr9ciple1 )9 due limits1 belong$ to ! ,*ur*4 ,! ,gno/ic gems exhibit ! mo/ mon/r\s p]v]sions ( symbolical repres5tations3 ! m$als ( ,dioclesian be> a ly+ symbol ( a cru%$ & expir+ ,*ri/ianity4 ,lat] /ill1 new symbols 7 adopt$3 mosaics1 illum9ations1 ornam5ts1 all bore "s holy emblems4 ,! monogram ihs f\nd 9 e *ur* 9 ,we/]n ,*ri/5dom3 ! correspond+ symbol /amps ! ,eu*>i/ic waf]s ( ! ,ea/4 ,footnote #ae ,footnote #ae3 ,see on ?is subject ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society's ',argum5t = ! ,greek ,orig9 ( ! ,monogram ,,ihs4' xxxix ,! symbols ( ! ,evangeli/s 7 also ( v e>ly date1 ?\gh n1 9 all cases1 appropriat$ z n[3 = ! angel & ! lion fluctuat$ betwe5 ,s4 ,mat!w & ,s4 ,m>k4 ,numb]s1 too1 7 fruitful ( allegorical mean+2 & ! mo/ +5i\s comb9ations 7 us$ to elicit an esot]ic mean+ f !m4 ,by "o1 ! ,unity ( ! ,deity 0 und]/ood3 by two1 ! div9e & human ,natures ( ! ,savi\r3 by ?ree1 ( c\rse1 ! doctr9e ( ! ,mo/ ,holy ,tr9ity3 by f\r1 ! doctr9e ( ! ,f\r ,evangeli/s3 by six1 ! ,attributes ( ! ,deity3 sev5 repres5t$ ! sev5fold graces ( ! ,holy ,_s3 eight 7= a reason h]eaft] to be notic$71 ,reg5]ation3 twelve1 ! glori\s company1 ! ,apo/les1 &1 tropologically1 ! :ole ,*ur*4 ,& :5 a /raight=w>d ref]5ce to any ( ^! fail$1 !y 7 add$ or comb9$1 till ! requir$ mean+ 0 obta9$4 ,a s+le in/ance may suffice3--,s4 ,augu/9e1 writ+ on t passage ( ,s4 ,paul's1 ',:at8 "k ye n t ! sa9ts %all judge ! _w8' aft] expla9+ 7,expos4 sup] ,psalm4 lxxxvi7 ! twelve ?rones1 :i* our ,savi\r m5tions1 ( ! :ole ,*ur*1 z f\nd$ by & repres5t$ 9 ! ,apo/les1 f9ds a fur!r mean+4 ',! p>ts ( ! _w be f\r2 ! ea/1 ! we/1 ! nor?1 & ! s\?3' & 7adds ! ,fa!r7 '!y are con/antly nam$ 9 ,holy ,writ4 ,f ^! f\r w9ds1 sai? ! ,"l 9 ! ,gospel1 %all ! elect be ga!r$ toge!r3 :5ce ! ,*ur* is call$ f ^! f\r p>ts4 ,call$1 & h[8 ,by ! ,tr9ity4 ,x is n call$1 except by ,baptism1 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,s f\r1 multipli$ by ?ree1 make twelve4' ,9 accid5tal numb]s1 too1 a mean+ 0 (t5 f\nd4 ,no wond] t "s beheld1 9 ! ?ree hundr$ & eighte5 tra9$ s]vants :]e) ,abraham1 ! ,fa!r ( ! ,fai?ful1 r\t$ ! comb9$ k+s1 a type ( ! ?ree hundr$ & eighte5 ,fa!rs ( ,nicaea1 by :om ! ,fai?ful rose triumphant ov] ! ,arian h]esy4 xl ,aga91 types & emblems )\t numb] 7 se5 9 ! language ( ! ,psalmi/1 occurr+ s cont9u\sly 9 ! s]vices ( ! ,*ur*4 ',8 fai?fulness %all be ?y buckl]1' gives rise to a f9e allegory ( ,s4 ,b]n>d's1 drawn f ! triangul> %ape ( ! buckl] us$ at ! "t :5 t ,fa!r wrote2 ev5 z we /ill see x1 9 ! effigies ( e>ly knights4 ,x protects ! upp] "p ( ! body completely3 ! feet are less completely %ield$4 ,& s1 rem>ks ! sa9t1 does ,god's provid5ce gu>d ,8 p f spiritual dang]s1 imag$ by ^? weapons :i* attack ! upp]1 or m vital p>ts ( ! body3 b f temporal adv]sities ,he ha? nei!r promis$1 nor w give s complete protection4 ,to m5tion ! symbolism :i* atta*$ itself to ! wor%ip ( ! e>ly ,*ur*1 w\ld be to g ?r\gh all its rites4 ,confirmation & ,matrimony1 &1 above all1 ,baptism1 7 att5d$ by c]emonies 9 ! highe/ degree symbolical4 ,b x is ne$less to dwell on !m2 en\gh has be5 said to prove ! atta*m5t :i* ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has ev] ev9c$ to symbolism4 ,b ! ,sign ( ! ,cross is t :i* gave ! greate/ scope to symbolism4--,our read]s w probably rememb] ! passage ( ,t]tullian 9 :i* he says1 'we cross ourselves :5 we g out1 & :5 we come 92 :5 we lie d[n1 & :5 we rise up1' etc4 ,inde$1 z 9 ev]y?+ !y us$1 s 9 ev]y?+ !y saw1 ! ,sign ( ! ,cross4 ,! foll[+ l9es f ,donne are mu* to ! purpose3 xli ,s9ce ,*ri/ embrac$ ! ,cross itself1 d>e ,i ,8 ,image1 ?' ,image ( ,8 ,cross1 d5y8 ,w\ld ,i h pr(it by ! ,sacrifice1 ,& d>e ! *os5 ,alt> to despise8 ,x bore all o!r s9s1 b is x fit ,t x %\ld be> ! s9 ( scorn+ x8 ,:o f ! picture w\ld av]t 8 eye1 ,h[ %\ld he fly ,8 pa9s1 ,:o !re did die8 ,f me no pulpit1 nor misgr\nd$ law4 ,nor sc&al tak51 %all ?is ,cross )draw3 ,x %all n--nor x _c--= ! loss ,( ?is ,cross 7 to me ano!r ,cross3 ,bett] 7 worse3 = no affliction4 ,no cross 7 s extreme1 z to h none4 ,:o c blot out ! ,cross1 :i* ?' in/rum5t ,( ,god dew$ on him 9 ! ,sacram5t8 ,:o c d5y me p[] & lib]ty ',to /ret* m9e arms1 & m9e own ,cross to be8 ,swim--& at e /roke ?\ art ?y ,cross3 ,! ma/ & y>d are !irs :om seas d toss4 ,look d[n1 ?\ see/ our crosses 9 small ?+s1 ,look up1 ?\ see/ birds fly on cross$ w+s4 ,we w m5tion b "o symbolical feature m 9 ! tra9s ( ?\ght :i* 7 common among ! e>ly ,*ri/ians4 ,we ref] to ! esot]ic mean+ :i* 0 suppos$ to exi/ 9 ! writ+s ( hea!n au?ors3 z = example1 :5 ! ,pollio ( ,virgil 0 imag9$ to po9t to ! ,savi\r1 & ! ,=tunate ,isles ( ,p9d> to ,p>adise4 ,x 7 easy b ne$less to dwell on ?is subject4 ,! few in/ances we h giv5 are already amply suffici5t to prove to "s1 to rem9d o!rs1 h[ symbolical 0 ! religion ( ! e>ly ,*ur*1 & 7we ?9k7 to e/abli% our case priori4 xlii ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,argum5t ,,f ,,analogy ,hav+ dealt ) ! argum5t priori1 we n[ proce$ to %[ t1 f analogy1 x is highly probable t ! tea*+ ( ! ,*ur*1 z 9 o!r ?+s1 s 9 h] mat]ial build+s1 w\ld be symbolical4 ,fir/ly1 let u look at o!r nations1 & o!r religions4 ,x ne$ n be said t ! symbolism ( ! ,jews 0 "o ( ! mo/ /rik+ features ( _! religion4 ,x w\ld be unnecess>y to g ?r\gh _! tab]nacle & temple rites1 _! sacrificial obs]vances1 & _! legal c]emonies4 ,! ,passov]1 ! cleans+ ( ! lep]1 ! scape goat1 ! fea/ ( tab]nacles1 ! morn+ & ev5+ sacrifice1 ! ,sabbatical ye>1 ! ,jubilee1 7 all 9 ! highe/ degree figurative4 ,! v /ones 9 ! brea/plate h ea*1 accord+ to ! ,rabbis1 _! my/ical signification4 ,&1 z if /ill fur!r to tea* !m ! sacram5tality1 n only ( ?+s1 b ( ev5ts1 x pleas$ ,god to make all _! mo/ fam\s ance/ors1 *iefs1 & lead]s1 e4g4 ,abraham1 ,isaac1 ,jacob1 ,joseph1 ,moses1 ,jo%ua1 ,david1 mo/ rem>kable types ( ! ,messiah3 nay1 f ! beg9n+ ! pr9cipal doctr9es ( ,*ri/ianity 71 9 "s =m or o!r1 set =?4 ,reg5]ation & ! ,*ur*1 9 ! ,flood & ! ,ark3 ! ,bread & ,w9e 9 ! ,manna & ! ,/rick5 ,rock3 ! two disp5sations 9 ,s>ah & xliii ,hag>4 ,inde$ ! imm5se ext5t ( symbolism 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t 0 ! m9e ( ! ,fa!rs4 ,e day !y br\ght to light "s new weal?2 &1 if we press ! symbolism ( ! ,*ur* fur!r ?an x 0 actually int5d$1 we are only tread+ 9 ! /eps ( h] bi%ops & doctors4 ,= :ile1 ( c\rse1 9 comm5t+ on & expla9+ ! sacrifice ( ,isaac1 ! cov5ant ( circumcision1 ! captivity & exaltation ( ,joseph1 !y 7 only develop+ ! real mean+ :i* ,god seems to h int5d$ %\ld be set =? by ^? ev5ts1 !re are1--z we h already h9t$1--_m in/ances :]e _! piety f\nd an int]pretation :i* 0 p]haps nev] int5d$4 ,?us1 because ,job1 :ile all else t belong$ to him 0 re/or$ d\ble1 _h only ! same numb] ( *ildr5 :i* he _h lo/--!y h argu$1 t ?us ! sep>ate exi/5ce ( s\ls 0 repres5t$1 z ! ,patri>* c\ld n be said to h lo/ ^? :o 7 9 ano!r /ate ( exi/5ce4 ,& if 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t we f9d au?ority = ! pr9ciple ( symbolism1 mu* m d we 9 ! ,new4 ,we %all pres5tly h occasion to allude to ! rise & progress ( ! sacram5tality ( ,baptism3 we may n[ ref] m p>ticul>ly to ! frequ5cy ) :i* ,s4 ,paul symbolises ! enactm5ts ( ! law2 z 9 ! case ( ! ox =bidd51 :ile tread+ out ! corn1 to be muzzl$4 ,s aga91 ! ,revelation is no?+ b "o cont9u$ symbolical poem4 ,! p>abolic tea*+ ( our ,"l we %all pres5tly notice4 ,to ?is we may add1 ! exot]ic & esot]ic signification ( c]ta9 books1 e4g41 ! ,song ( ,solomon3 ! d\ble int]pretation ( _m ( ! prophecies1 prim>ily ( ! e>?ly1 pr9cipally ( ! heav5ly ,j]usalem3 we may ref] to ! symbolical mean+ atta*$1 "u ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 to c]ta9 previ\sly xliv e/abli%$ rites1 z1 = in/ance4 ,holy ,matrimony4 ,) symbolical writ+s1 enactm5ts1 ev5ts1 p]sonages1 obs]vances1 build+s1 ve/m5ts1 = h] guides & models1 h[ c\ld ! ,*ur* ,ca?olic fail ( foll[+ symbolism1 z a pr9ciple & a passion8 ,b n only is ,*ri/ianity symbolical3 e developm5t ( religion is1 & mu/ necess>ily be s4 ,on ! ,grecian my?ology1 we %all h occasion to say some?+ m pres5tly4 ,! symbolism ( ,plato1 & /ill fur!r developm5t by ,proclus & ! lat] philosoph]s ( 8 s*ool1 w occur to e "o4 ,if x be ass]t$ t ! m x 0 t\*$ & act$ on by ,*ri/ianity1 ! m symbolical did x become1--we only reply1 ,s mu* ! m to ! purpose ( our argum5t4 ,b n only 9 ,roman & ,grecian ,paganism is ?is ! case4 ,! ,h9doo religion has mu* ( symbolism2 & "s ( its mo/ /rik+ fables1 d]iv$ f :atev] s\rce--:e!r f unwritt5 tradition1 or f contact ) ! ,jews--possess ?is "* wond]fully4 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! example ( ,kri%na suff]+1 & ,kri%na triumphant2 repres5t$1 9 ! "o case1 by ! figure ( a man envelop$ 9 ! coils ( a s]p5t1 :i* fa/5s its tee? 9 8 heel2 9 ! o!r1 by ! same man sett+ 8 foot on1 & cru%+ ! head ( ! mon/]4 ,n[ "h1 x is true1 ! doctr9e symbolis$ has long be5 =gott5 among ^? ) :om ! leg5d is sacr$3 we1 on ! contr>y1 h a v pla9 ref]5ce to ! promise conc]n+ ! ,se$ ( ! ,woman & ! s]p5t's head4 ,?is is an in/ance ( ! fact1 t ,tru? w live 9 a symbolical1 long aft] x has p]i%$ 9 e o!r =m3 & d\btless1 :5 ! "t = ! conv]sion ( ,india %all h arriv$1 ?\s&s w receive ! tru? ! m will+ly1 9 t !y h _h a repres5tation ( x1 di/ort$ x is true1 b n de/roy$1 set1 = s _m c5turies1 be=e _! eyes4 xlv ,"s tru?s1 accid5tally impress$ on a symbolical obs]vance1 may /ill live1 t o!rwise mu/ h p]i%$3 j z ! only memory ( "s ( ! be+s t exi/$ be=e ! flood1 is to be f\nd 9 ! petrifi$ clay on :i* !y accid5tally happ5$ to set _! feet4 ,! ,mahometan religion has also1 ?\gh 9 an inf]ior degree1 its symbolism2 & ! reason ( its inf]iority 9 ?is respect is pla9--because1 namely1 x is a religion ( s5se4 ,n[ ,ca?olicity1 :i* tea*es m5 con/antly to live above _! s5ses1 to mortify _! passions1 & to d5y !mselves2--nay ev5 ,h9dooism1 :i*1 s f> z x approximates to ! tru?1 prea*es ! same doctr9e1 mu/ con/antly lead m5 by ! se5 to look on to ! unse54 ,if ev]y?+ mat]ial 7 n made sacram5tal ( t :i* is immat]ial1 s1 z x 71 be>+ its own corrective ) its own temptation1 man c\ld h>dly fail ( walk+ by sight1 r ?an by fai?4 ,b n[1 ! ,*ur*1 n cont5t ) w>n+ u t we are 9 an enemy's c\ntry1 boldly seizes on ! enemy's goods1 conv]t+ !m to h] own use4 ,symbolism is ?us ! true ,sign ( ! ,cross1 hall[+ ! unholy1 & mak+ safe ! dang]\s3 ! true salt :i*1 be+ ca/ 91 purifi$ ! unheal?y spr+3 ! true meal :i* remov$ dea? f ! ,prophet's provision4 ,o!rs may amuse !mselves by ass]t+ t ! ,*ur* 9 all t %e does & enacts1 is n symbolical3--we bless ,god = ! k t %e is4 ,we ne$ n dwell on ! symbolism ( h]etics1 insomu* z we %all h occasion to ref] to x 9 o!r p>ts ( ?is essay4 ,we w r notice1 t ^? to :om we h be5 b n[ ref]r+1 hea!ns & ,mahom$ans1 h a way ( discov]+ a subtle xlvi symbolism 9 ?+s :i* 9 !mselves 7 n int5d$ to h any deep] mean+4 ,we may m5tion ! odes ( ,hafiz--! ,anacreon1 or r p]haps1 ! ,/esi*orus1 ( ,p]sia4 ,^! poems1 speak+ to ! casual read] ( no?+ b love1 & w9e1 & g>l&s1 & rosebuds1 are s]i\sly affirm$1 by ,p]sian critics1 to conta9 a deep esot]ic ref]5ce to ! communion ( ! s\l ) ,god2 j z x has be5 wildly suppos$1 t "u ! "n ( ,laura1 ,petr>* 9 fact only express$ t ,immortal ,beauty aft] :i* ! s\l ( ! ,*ri/ian is con/antly /riv+1 & to :i* x is con/antly advanc+4 ,s 9 ,dante1 ,beatrice is n only ! poet's e>?ly love1 b1 z x has be5 well %[n by ,m4 ,ozanam1 ! repres5tative ( ,ca?olic !ology4 ,to dwell on ! symbolism ( ,nature w\ld lead u too f> f our po9t4 ,b we mu/ con/antly be> 9 m9d t ,nature & ! ,*ur* answ] to ea* o!r z implicit & explicit revelations ( ,god4 ,!re=e1 :atev] sy/em is se5 to run ?r\gh ! "o1 9 all probability runs ?r\gh ! o!r4 ,n[1 t ! tea*+ ( ,nature is symbolical1 none1 we ?9k1 c d5y4 ,%all we !n wond] t ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* is 9 all h] art & spl5d\r sacram5tal ( ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity1 :5 ,nature h]self is s8 ,%all ,god h d5i$ ?is symbolism to ! latt]1 :ile ,he has be/[$ x on ! =m]8 ,%all !re be a tr9ity ( effect 9 e picture1 a tr9ity ( tone 9 e note1 a tr9ity ( p[] 9 e m9d1 a tr9ity ( ess5ce 9 e sub/ance1--& %all n !re be a tr9ity 9 ! arrangem5ts & details ( *ur* art8 ,x 7 /range if ! s]vant c\ld tea* :at ! mi/ress mu/ be sil5t ^u3 t ,natural ,religion %\ld be endu$ ) capabilities n grant$ to ,reveal$ ,tru?4 xlvii ,is n1 aga91 ! doctr9e ( ! ,resurrection wond]fully set =? by ,nature8 ,?is symbolism is ! m rem>kable1 9 t to ! anci5ts ! ris+ ( ! sun & ! bur/+ =? ( ! leaf mu/ h appe>$ false symbolism1 al?\gh !y knew too well t ( :i* autumn & ev5+ 7 typical4 ,s1 to quote only "o o!r example1 ! law ( self-sacrifice is beautifully %ad[$ out by ! gra9 t 'unless x die1 abide? alone2 b if x die1 br+e? =? mu* fruit4' ,we may argue next f ! analogy ( all art4 ,sculpture1 p]haps1 has lea/ to (f] 9 our support4 ,b 9 pa9t+ we may ref] to ! conv5tional col\rs appropriat$ to v>i\s p]sonages2 & ! me*anical symbolism ( poetry is kn[n to all4 ,nor mu/ we =get ! conv5tional use ( language4 ,ar*aisms1 /udi$ inv]sions1 qua9t phrases1 & ! l1 h always be5 affect$ by ^? :o 7 treat+ ( high & holy subjects4 ,none has employ$ ^! ) happi] effect ?an ,sp5s]1 ^: language1 x ne$ n be said1 nev] 0 & nev] c\ld h be5 really us$4 ,! solemnis+ effect ( a judici\s employm5t ( ?is artifice is n[h]e m /rongly felt ?an 9 works ( ,div9ity4 ,comp>e = example ! ,engli% language1 :]e ! conv5tional ,?\ is always address$ to ! ,deity1 & :]e a /]n simplicity runs ?r\gh ! :ole ( our ,div9e ,(fices1 ) ! ,fr5* :i* c only employ ,v\s 9 pray]1 & ) ! ,portuguese1 :]e1 9 ! au?oris$ translation ( ! ,holy ,scriptures1 ,apo/les1 & ,prophets--nay1 our ,bless$ ,"l ,himself1 speak 9 ! polite phrases ( conv]sational elegance4 ,footnote #af ,footnote #af3 ,x is on gr\nds simil> to ^!1 t1 9 our translation ( ,dur&us1 we h adopt$ t conv5tional /yle :i* has be5 object$ to by "s rec5t critics3--n t anyone ev] naturally conv]s$ or wrote 9 x1 b = ! sake ( produc+ ! effect :i* ! subject seems to require4 ,! brilliancy ( a summ]'s day is beautiful 9 its place3 admitt$ into a ca!dral1 x w\ld be totally out ( "*4 xlviii ,music1 h[ev]1 has ! /ronge/ claims to our notice4 ,we "k1 = example1 t ea* in/rum5t symbolises "s p>ticul> col\r4 ,s1 accord+ to ,haydn1 ! trombone is deep r$--! trumpet1 sc>let--! cl>ionet1 orange--! oboe1 yell[--! bassoon1 deep yell[--! flute1 sky blue--! diapason1 deep blue--! d\ble diapason1 purple--! horn1 violet3--:ile ! viol9 is p9k--! viola1 rose--! violoncello1 r$--& ! d\ble-bass1 crimson4 ,?is by _m w\ld be call$ fanciful3--!re=e let u turn to a passage ( ,haydn's works1 & see if x w hold4 ,let u exam9e ! sun-rise 9 ! ',creation4' ,at ! comm5cem5t1 z x has be5 well obs]v$1 our att5tion is attract$ by a s(t-/ream+ s\nd f ! viol9s1 sc>cely audible1 till ! p9k rays ( ! second viol9 div]ge into ! *ord ( ! second1 to :i* is gradually imp>t$ a great] fulness ( col\r1 z ! rose violas & r$ violoncellos /eal 9 ) exp&+ beauty1 :ile ! azure ( ! flute temp]s ! m\nt+ rays ( ! viol93 z ! notes cont9ue asc5d+ to ! highe/ po9t ( brightness1 ! orange ( ! cl>ionet1 ! sc>let ( ! trumpet1 ! purple ( ! d\ble diapason1 unite 9 increas+ spl5d\r--till ! sun appe>s at l5g? 9 all ! refulg5ce ( h>mony4 ,?is may s]ve z a specim5 ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! expressions ( "o art may be translat$ into t ( ano!r1 because !y ea* & all symbolise ! same ab/raction4 ,aga91 ! language ( fl[]s is a case mu* 9 po9t4 ,?is is a species ( symbolism :i* has prevail$ among all nations1 & :i* our dev\t ance/ors 7 n sl[ 9 /amp+ ) ! impress ( religion4 ,witness1 = example1 ! ,h]b ,tr9ity1 n[ g5]ally call$ ,he>tsease1 ! ,passion ,fl[]1 & ! ,lacrima ,*ri/i4 ,& 9 ! pres5t day1 :o kn[s n t xlix ! rose is = beauty--! violet = mode/y--! sunfl[] = fai?fulness--! =get-me-n = remembrance--! pansy = ?\ght--! cypress = woe--! yew = truehe>t$ness--! ev]la/+ = immortality8 ,! fl[]s introduc$ into ! ornam5t ( *ur*es we %all consid] pres5tly4 ,fur!rmore1 :atev] 0 ! "* ( our ,"l's tea*+--su* is likely to be t ( ,8 ,*ur*4 ,if ! =m] 7 pla91 unadorn$1 sett+ =? nak$ tru?s 9 ! fewe/ & simple/ words2 !n we all[ t !re is a prim facie argum5t aga9/ ! sy/em :i* we are endeav\r+ to support4 ,b if x 7 p>abolic1 figurative1 descriptive1 allegorical--:y %\ld n ! ,*ur* imitate h] ,ma/]8 ,8 p>ables are at once ! sure/ def5ce1 & ! mo/ probable orig9ators1 ( h] symbolism4 ,we %all h occasion 9 ano!r place to draw f a consid]ation ( ! nature ( our ,"l's p>ables an argum5t 9 behalf ( symbolism aga9/ "o ( ! mo/ =midable objections t has be5 rais$ aga9/ ! sy/em4 ,x w\ld "h be suffici5t = our purpose to notice ! figurative "* ( our ,"l's g5]al tea*+4 ,b we h ,8 own au?ority = mu* m ?an a g5]al adoption ( su* a pr9ciple4 ,tradition h&s d[n t ,he 0 )9 sight ( ! ,temple :5 he po9t$ t[>ds x1 & utt]$ ^? graci\s words1 ,i am ! ,door4 ,be ?is z x may1 we h f x a suffici5t prec$5t to ju/ify u 9 seek+ = an emblematical mean+ 9 ! ext]nal _w1 & m p>ticul>ly 9 ! mat]ial sanctu>y4 ,s4 ,paul1 on ! same pr9ciple1 allegorises ! ,jewi% ,temple1 detail by detail3--! ,holy ( ,holies 0 heav52 ! ,high ,prie/1 ,*ri/2 ! veil1 ev5 8 fle%4 ,x is inconceivable t ! ,temple %\ld be s symbolical1 & s holy t our ,"l ,himself cleans$ x f its defil+ l money-*ang]s3 & yet t a ,*ri/ian *ur*1 :]e9 ! ,great ,sacrifice is commemorat$ & our ,"l is peculi>ly pres5t1 %\ld be less symbolical--p>ticul>ly :5 its arrangem5t is 9 exact con=mity to t ( ! temple1 ,footnote #ag --or %\ld be less holy4 ,at any rate ! ,door mu/ be significant3 at any rate ! ,alt>1 :i* ,s4 ,paul claims = ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 9 opposition to ^? :o 's]ve ! tab]nacle4' ,footnote #ag3 ,see ,app5dix ,a4 ,aga91 ! holy ,sacram5ts ( ! ,*ur* are examples1 9 ! highe/ degree1 ( ?is pr9ciple ( figurative or symbolical tea*+4 ,!y1 inde$1 are n only signs ( unse5 ?+s1 b ! *annels & in/rum5ts ( grace4 ,! latt] quality we d n claim = ! speak+ symbolism ( a mat]ial *ur*3 b ar*itecture is an emblem ( ! invisible ab/ract1 no less ?an ,holy ,baptism & ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,besides ! two ,sacram5ts ,greek text our ,*ur* recognises o!r (fices1 su* z ,m>riage1 ,confirmation1 & ! l1 z ,sacram5tals4 ,9 %ort ! :ole ,*ur* sy/em is figurative f fir/ to la/3 n inde$ !re=e ! less real1 actual1 visible1 & practical2 b r ! m real & practical1 because its tea*+ & discipl9e are n m]ely mat]ial & tempor>y1 b anticipative ( ! heav5ly & et]nal4 ,?is quality !n ( symbolism _c be d5i$ to "o1 & a mo/ important1 expression ( ! tea*+ ( ! ,*ur*1 namely its ar*itecture4 ,! ca!dral 7to repeat ! g5]al 9 ! p>ticul>7 is n ! less mat]ial1 ! less solid1 ! less real1 because we see 9 x ! figurative exhibition ( ! peculi>ities ( our religion & ! articles ( our cre$4 li ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,philosophical ,,reasons ,,= ,,believ+ ,,9 ,,symbolism ,we n[ propose to (f] a few rem>ks on ! philosophical reasons !re seem to be = conclud+ t ,ecclesia/ical ,ar*itecture has "s esot]ic mean+1 "s figurative adaptation1 m ?an c be appreciat$1 or ev5 disc]n$1 by ! casual obs]v]1 to ! uses :i* produc$ x1 & :i* h always regulat$ x4 ,we v5ture to approa* ?is consid]ation1 h[ev]1 r f a feel+ t our ,essay w\ld be incomplete )\t "s ref]5ce to ?is k9d ( argum5t1 ?an f any idea ( our own ability to treat on subjects s ab/ract & inf9ite2 & fe>+ t we may n be able cle>ly to express or dissect ^? ?\ghts :i*1 nev]!less1 appe> to our own m9ds bo? true & v important4 ,x is little bett] ?an a truism to ass]t t !re is an intimate correspond5ce & relation betwe5 cause & effect3 yet ?is ?\ght op5s ! way to a v wide field ( speculation4 ,m9d _c act ^u matt] )\t ! mat]ial result be+ closely relat$ to ! m5tal int5tion :i* orig9at$ x3 ! fact t any?+ exi/s adapt$ to a c]ta9 end or use is alone en\gh to presuppose ! end or use1 :o c see a ,greek text1 )\t di/+ui%+ its relation to ! lii want or necessity :i* br\ght ab\t ,greek text8 ,9 %ort1 ! ,greek text1 :atev] x may be1 n only answ]s to t :i* call$ x =?1 b1 9 "s sort1 repres5ts mat]ially1 or symbolises1 ! ab/ract volition or op]ation ( ! m9d :i* orig9at$ x4 ,%[ u a pit*]1 a skew]1 or any ( ! simple/ ut5sils design$ = ! mo/ obvi\s purposes3 d n ! cavity ( ! "o1 & ! pi]c+ po9t ( ! o!r1 at once set =? & symbolise ! ,greek text :i* 0 answ]$ 9 _! production8 ,n[1 f ?is ?\ght1 we might proce$ to trace out ! tru?fulness & reality ( e ,greek text consid]$ 9 relation to ! ,greek text2 = ev5 a deceptive ?+ is true & real 9 its relation to ! m5tal int5tion ( deceiv+3 b we int5d m]ely to consid] ! way 9 :i* ! ab/ract movem5ts or ,greek text ( m9d are symbolis$ by ! mat]ial op]ations or results :i* !y h produc$4 ,9 o!r words1 we w\ld allege t ev]y?+ mat]ial is symbolical ( "s m5tal process1 ( :i* x is ,inde$ only ! developm5t3 t we may see 9 ev]y?+ outw>d & visible "s inw>d & spiritual mean+4 ,x is ?is :i* makes 'books 9 ev]y?+'3 f9d+ 9 ev]y?+ objective ! mat]ial exhibition ( ! subjective & unse52 n claim+ = ! ab/ract m9d an indep5d5ce ( matt]1 b ackn[l$g+ its union ) x2 & ?us le>n+ f ! speculations ( reason1 to p]ceive ! fitness = our nature ( t sy/em ( sacram5tality 9 :i* ,god has plac$ u1 & to bless ,him m & m = ! ,*ur*1 a sacram5tal in/itution1 & = ! ,sacram5ts ,greek text1 :i* x conveys4 ,?is me?od ( view+ ! subject w be our excuse = attempt+ on ! "o h& to le>n by analysis f a mat]ial *ur* itself1 consid]$ objectively1 ! symbolism :i* may be suppos$ to h direct$ its design2 & on ! o!r liii h& to %[ f ! ab/ract necessities ( ! case t a mat]ial *ur* might h be5 expect$ to be symbolically design$4 ,b if ?is !ory ( symbolism gives light & mean+ & connection to ! ackn[l$g$ facts1 :e!r ab/ract or mat]ial1 ) :i* we h to d2 :ile no o!r view w expla9 all ! ph5om5a2--x c]ta9ly recomm5ds itself by its simplicity & h>mony to a g5]al reception4 ,consid]$ 9 ?is light1 ! :ole gr\p ( sep>ate facts become l9k$ toge!r & adju/$1 & s resolve !mselves into a great fabric ( tru?1 :i* 7l ! ,pyramid ( ,*eops7 is consi/5t & real & intelligible1 :5 se5 f any po9t1 "u any circum/ances1 or 9 any light4 ,b if x be grant$ t !re is ?is mutual connection betwe5 ! ab/ract & its mat]ial exhibition 9 e case1 x w be readily admitt$ t a pr9ciple ( sacram5tality mu/ be especially a condition ( all religi\s acts4 ,if we 7 m]ely spirits1 )\t bodies or any necess>y connection ) matt]1 x w\ld be possible p]haps = u to wor%ip ! ,great ,_s 9 an ab/ract way by a sort ( volition ( devotion2 b n be+ s1 our s\ls _c engage 9 adoration )\t ! company ( _! mat]ial home4 ,h5ce e ef=t ( devotion is att5d$ by "s bodily act4 ,:e!r we lift our eyes or h&s to heav51 or kneel 9 pray]1 we %[ =? ?is necessity ( our be+3 our body has s9n$1 has be5 r$eem$1 w be puni%$ or glorifi$1 no less ?an ! s\l3 x mu/ !re=e wor%ip ) ! s\l4 ,n[ ! symbolism ( ! bodily acts ( devotion is und]/ood by all4 ,we h ev5 p]sonat$ ,pray] by a pro/rate figure ) uplift$ h&s4 ,footnote #ah ,footnote #ah3 ,! necessity :i* ! body seems to feel = ?is symbolism may be se5 9 ! con/antly occurr+ fact1 t 9 mak+ signs1 :e!r ( inquiry or adieu1 to a p]son at a di/ance1 we naturally speak ! words1 ?\gh inaudible to him1 :i* ! ge/ures we use express4 liv ,x has be5 felt n only "r b necess>y1 9 all ages & places1 to accompany ! inw>d feel+ ( devotion ) "s outw>d manife/ation ( x4 ,9 o!r words1 all religi\s actions are f _! nature symbolical & figurative4 ,b if ! mo/ obvi\s corporeal accompanim5ts to spiritual wor%ip %[ ?is cle>ly1 h[ mu* m evid5tly mu/ all ritual sy/ems appe> to be symbolical8 ,a sy/em ( wor%ip1 :e!r hea!n1 ,*ri/ian1 or h]etical1 is only ! developm5t & me?odis+ ( ! simple/ figurative acts ( devotion2 ! :ole affect$ by ! peculi> relation betwe5 ! object ( adoration & ! wor%ipp]s :i* 9 ea* p>ticul> sy/em may h be5 pre-suppos$4 ,:y does ! ,mussulman take (f 8 %oes1 kneel on 8 c>pet t[>ds ,mecca1 & p]=m 8 /at$ ablutions8 ,is n ea* act 9 itself figurative & full ( mean+8 ,h[ c\ld su* a sy/em1 or any o!r sy/em1 h be5 orig9at$1 b ) "s int5d$ typification ( c]ta9 giv5 facts or doctr9es or feel+s8 ,:y does ! he>tless ,quak] g ) cov]$ head into 8 b>e conv5ticle1 & sit 9 en=c$ sil5ce8 ,he w answ]1 to express 8 indep5d5ce ( idle =ms1 ! spirituality ( 8 wor%ip1 8 repudiation ( any m$ia 9 8 int]c\rse ) ! ,div9e ,be+4 ,we ?ank him = 8 admission ( a symbolical purpose1 b we read ! symbolism diff]5tly4 ,we p]ceive x to express cle>ly en\gh ! presumptu\s pride & vanity ( 8 sect1 8 rejection ( all ,sacram5ts1 & 8 practical disbelief 9 ! ,communion ( ,sa9ts4 ,aga91 is ! pulpit ( ! ,br[ni/ symbolical2 & %all n our font & alt> be s at lea/ z mu*8 ,! ,ca?olic ritual is inde$ symbolical f fir/ to la/4 ,)\t ! clue to its figurative mean+1 we %\ld nev] h und]/ood its pregnant tru?fulness & =ce4 lv ,no "o1 9 %ort1 ev] v5tur$ to reg>d ! anci5t ritual z any?+ b highly figurative3 ?is 0 claim$ z its highe/ excell5ce by its obs]v]s & comm5tators1 ?is 0 ridicul$ & despis$ by ! enemies ( ! ,*ur*2 b 0 confess$ by all4 ,! m anyone m$itates on ! anci5t ritual ( ! ,*ur*1 ! m ?is w be f\nd n only ! mo/ prom95t *>act]i/ic1 b ! only satisfactory explanation ( _m o!rwise un9telligible requirem5ts4 ,?is is n ! place to g at any l5g? into ! consid]ation ( ! :ole symbolism ( ! ritual sy/em3 x w be en\gh if x is grant$ t "s prescrib$ ritual1 h[ev] meagre1 mu/ be a necess>y "p ( all religion2 & t e su* sy/em is 9 "s degree figurative or symbolical4 ,n[ to apply ?is to *ur* ar*itecture4 ,no "o w d5y t1 9 a g5]al po9t ( view1 ! =m ( our *ur*es is adapt$ to c]ta9 wants1 & 0 *os5 = ?is v adaptation4 ,inde$ ?is is all[$ by mod]n writ]s & build]s3 :o def5d a *ur* :i* has no m ?an an alt>-recess1 on ?is v gr\nd1 t !re is no long] any want ( a deep *ancel4 ',i object to aisles1' says a mod]n ar*itect1 'because ! great end ( a *ur* is to be an auditorium4' ',! cross =m1' says ano!r1 ',i always adopt1 because !n ev]yone c see ! prea*] if ,i place ! pulpit 9 ! middle4' ,b :y n take a circle or octagon at once1 or ! =m :i* is always adopt$ = ! lecture-rooms at ,me*anics' ,in/itutes8 ,= ^! plans are obvi\sly mo/ conv5i5t = he>+ & see+4 ,b !n1 ev]yone kn[s t ^! are n *ur* =ms4 ,! mod]n build] !n1 trammell$1 at lea/ 9 ?is respect1 by rule & prec$5t1 *ooses ! cruci=m plan1 n 7p]haps7 = its true symbolism2 b1 by a wrong arrangem5t ( ?is plan1 /ill fur!r symbolises 7= example7 8 own undue e/imation ( ! ord9ance lvi ( prea*+4 ,s true x is t ^? :o w\ld mo/ object to symbolism1 z a rule ( design1 are !mselves 7did !y b "k x7 symbolis+1 9 e *ur* !y build1 _! own arbitr>y & presumptu\s ideas on ! subject4 ,x is n our int5tion to prove "h1 7:at has be5 po9t$ out1 h[ev]1 _m times71 ! duty incumb5t ^u u ( foll[+ 9 our mod]n *ur*es ! anci5t pr9ciples ( design3 we are n writ+ ) ! imm$iate practical end ( improv+ mod]n *ur* ar*itecture2 b are endeav\r+ to illu/rate ! symbolical pr9ciples ( anci5t design4 ,we %all1 h[ev]1 be=e f9i%+ ?is *apt]1 *oose an example1 :i* w apply to u1 z well z to any o!r bran* ( ! ,*ur*1 to %[ h[ ess5tially *ur* ar*itecture 9 t respect at lea/ is a "p ( ! ,ritual sy/em4 ,& if ,ca?olic wor%ip is express$ & repres5t$ by ,ca?olic ritual1 & if *ur* ar*itecture is a "p ( ?is ritual1 !n is *ur* ar*itecture itself an expression & expon5t ( ,ca?olic wor%ip4 ,a conclusion ?is :i* w well w>rant ! v /rong language 9 :i* ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society h always ass]t$ ! great importance ( ?is art1 & h exact$ f its pr(essors su* qualifications ( p]sonal hol9ess & liturgical k z are no less above ! atta9m5t ?an ! aspirations ( ! mod]n s*ool4 ,x may n be cle> to "s h[ 9 any s5se ar*itecture c be call$ symbolical1 or ! outw>d sign ( some?+ invisible3 or r :at ! process is by :i* a giv5 arrangem5t1 sugge/$ p]haps by "s necessity1 becomes 9 turn sugge/ive & figurative ( ! v purpose = :i* x 0 plann$4 ,b let u take ! case ( a !atre4 ,"h x is cle>ly necess>y t !re %all be a /age or or*e/ra1 accommodation = spectators1 & means ( easy exit4 lvii ,accord+ly e !atre displays all ^! requisites4 ,& does n ! build+ !n 9 turn emblem ! purpose = :i* x 0 plann$8 ,! ru9s ( ,roman !atres are n uncommon3 d we fail to be recall$ by !m to ! idea ( ! ,roman /age8 are n ! sev]al p>ts ( ! mat]ial build+ highly figurative & sugge/ive ( ! rules & ord]s ( ! ab/ract drama8 ,) respect to *ur*es3 let u suppose ! in/itution & ritual ( ! ,*ur* to be :at we "k x 02 & t we h to adapt "s ar*itectural arrangem5t to ! p]=mance ( ?is ritual4 ,is !re any?+ :i* w dictate any g5]al =m r ?an ano!r8 ,surely !re is4 ,we w n speak n[ ( ! propriety ( sett+ aside a place = ! celebration ( ! ,holy ,eu*>i/1 or ( ! propriety ( reta9+ ! plan ( ! typical ,temple2 b we are consid]+ simply :at is requir$ by practical necessity4 ,! wor%ipp]s :o are to assemble 9 our *ur* are n all on an equality4 ,!re are "s :o are end[$ ) high privileges z be+ ^? consecrat$ to ! imm$iate s]vice ( ! sanctu>y4 ,9 e>ly times s real a ?+ 0 ! di/9ction betwe5 ! cl]gy & ! laity1 t ! ,*ur* be+ divid$ into ^! two classes1 ! mat]ial edifice display$ a l division3 & ! nave & *ancel prea* to po/]ity ! sacr$ness ( ,holy ,ord]s1 & ! mutual duties aris+ f ! relation 9 :i* ! flock /& to _! %eph]ds4 ,b 9 e>ly ages ! laity 7 n all class$ en masse z ) u n[4 ,among !m 7 ! ,fai?ful1 ! ,cate*um5s1 :o _h n yet be5 admitt$ to ,holy ,baptism1 & ! ,p5it5ts or ^? :o _h laps$4 ,true to itself1 *ur* ar*itecture provid$ !n a sep>ate place = ea* ( ^! divisions4 ,does n ! gr\nd plan ( su* a *ur* symbolise m9utely ! !n /ate ( *ur* discipl9e & ! lviii conditions ( *ur* wor%ip8 ,! reality & mean+ ( su* an arrangem5t may be %[n ?us also4 ,aft] ! ,re=mation ! great di/9ction betwe5 cl]gy & laity became lo/ or und]valu$3 accord+ly ! *ancel-scre5s 9 _m places disappe>$1 z symbolical 9 _! abs5ce z 9 _! exi/5ce4 ,b /ill !re 0 a necessity = "s mat]ial arrangem5t to protect ! ,alt> f insult3 & s alt> rails came 91 manife/ symbols ( t _s :i* made _! introduction all[able1 if inde$ n necess>y3 ,footnote #ai /ill ^! v rails1 & ! p5n$ up read+-pew1 tea* t ! cl]gy1 at lea/ :5 p]=m+ a function1 are divid$ f ! laity4 ,footnote #ai3 ,9 ! correspond5ce ( ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,humphrey1 ^: atroci\s treatm5t by ! ,*ur* ,mission>y ,society has s lately excit$ ! indignation ( all true *ur*m51 x appe>s t "o ( ! noble designs ( ?is zeal\s prie/ 0 to re/ore = ! peculi> congregation ov] :i* he 0 appo9t$1 consi/+ ( ,fai?ful1 ,cate*um5s1 & ,unbeliev]s1 ! di/9ct arrangem5t ( ! anci5t ,*ur*3 ! mod]n plan ( hav+ b "o area = ! lay wor%ipp]s be+ f\nd inconv5i5t & injuri\s4 ,t is to say1 our mod]n *ur* arrangem5t may suit & does symbolise ! pres5t /ate ( ! ,*ur* ) u1 b does n suit & does n symbolise ! /ate ( ! mission>y ,*ur* ( ,india4 ,n[ x is ( no consequ5ce :atev]1 :e!r ! e>ly build]s ( *ur*es int5d$ ?is p>ticul> arrangem5t to be symbolical4 ,! arrangem5t be+ adopt$ becomes necess>ily1 ev5 if un9t5tionally1 symbolical1 by ! process we h endeav\r$ to trace1 & s ?+s ess5tially symbolical give rise to int5d$ symbolism3 = x is a simple hi/orical fact t ! wea!rcock1 :atev] practical utility may h fir/ sugge/$ its use & peculi> =m1 has be5 = _m c5turies plac$ on ! *ur* spire = its int5tional symbolism4 ,footnote #bj;,& ! process is repeat$3 = suppose "o only ( ! conv5tional symbolical mean+s ( ! wea!rcock _h be5 discov]$3 ! ?\ghtful m9d lix goes on to f9d out o!r figurative s5ses 9 :i* its use is appropriate1 & ^! conv5tional mean+s become 9 _! turn int5tionally symbolis$ by future *ur* build]s4 ,?is may be illu/rat$ also 9 ! foll[+ way3 ,! ,jews1 9 ! rite ( ,baptism1 _h probably no o!r idea ?an a ref]5ce to '! my/ical wa%+ away ( s9s4' ,b :5 ,s4 ,paul _h once giv5 to t rite ! new idea ( a burial ) ,*ri/ 9 ! ,baptismal wat]1 & a ris+ aga9 ) ,him1 ?is typical mean+ became an example ( int5d$ symbolism to all ^? :o %\ld h]eaft] use x4 ,footnote #bj3 ,see ,rationale1 p4 #bg4 ,z we began ?is "p ( our subject ) hesitation1 s we f9i% x ) "s degree ( appreh5sion4 ,to "s :at has be5 said may seem m ?an ord9>ily vision>y & ridicul\s3 yet o!rs1 we hope1 w feel t1 h[ev] feebly & inadequately express$1 !re is "s tru? 9 :at has be5 advanc$ conc]n+ ! relation betwe5 ! mat]ial & immat]ial3 t ! latt] weld+ & m\ld+ ! =m] into an expression ( itself1 makes x 9 turn a type ( t :i* x expresses4 ,s t if on ! "o h&1 to take our p>ticul> bran* ( ! subject1 ! !oretical ritual & ord9ances ( religion imply & require c]ta9 peculi> adaptations ( ! mat]ial build+ 9 :i* !y are to be celebrat$2 !n 9 turn ! circum/ances ( ! mat]ial fabric sugge/ & symbolise ! peculi> conditions ( ritual :i* induc$ !m4 ,9 %ort we h endeav\r$ to prove t f our v nature e outw>d ?+ is symbolical ( some?+ inw>d & spiritual3 b1 above all ?+s1 outw>d religi\s actions are sacram5tal2 & p>ticul>ly any prescrib$ ritual1 ( :i* ! fir/ *>act]i/ic is t x is figurative3 t ! ,ca?olic ritual is em95tly symbolical1 & f its nature v /rik+ly influ5ces all its mat]ial appliances3 t *ur* ar*itecture is ! lx elde/ daught] ( ,ritual3 t ! process1 accord+ to :i* ar*itecture 0 influ5c$ by ! requirem5ts ( ,ritualism 0 at fir/ z simple z t by :i* ! =m ( a !atre sprang f ! conditions :i* 7 to be fulfill$ by its build]3 t ?us a *ur* 7built 9 ! fully develop$ /yle ( ,*ri/ian ar*itecture7 ev5 if n built ) any int5tion ( symbolis+1 7?\gh x is an hi/orical fact t ! symbolism ( ea* "p 0 kn[n & receiv$ be=e ! erection ( any *ur* ( ?is /yle17 became nev]!less ess5tially a 'petrifaction ( our religion'3 a fact :i*1 once admitt$ & realis$1 becomes to succe$+ *ur* build]s1 :e!r !y w or n1 a rule & prec$5t = int5tional symbolical design4 lxi ,,*apt] ,v ,,! ,,analytical ,,argum5t ,we mu/ arrive at ! same conclusion1 if we consid] ! subject 9 an analytical way4 ,= example3 suppose a p]son1 hi!rto unacqua9t$ n only ) ! g5]al peculi>ities ( ,*ri/ian *ur*es1 b also ) ,*ri/ianity itself1 7 to ent] a ca!dral2 or 7:i* w be a fair] case7 7 to visit a ,ca?olic c\ntry1 & exam9e its *ur*es z a :ole1 w\ld he n1 if possess$ ( only ord9>y intellig5ce1 obs]ve t ! cross =m1 = example1 0 ( mo/ common occurr5ce1 &1 9 ! case ( ! l>g] build+s1 0 p]haps ! only plan adopt$8 ,& w\ld he n !n naturally inquire :y !re %\ld be ?is m>k$ pref]5ce = a =m1 9 itself inconv5i5t = purposes ( he>+ or see+1 ,footnote #ba & op5 to great me*anical objections1 su* z ! almo/ resi/less pressure ( ! f\r arms on ! pi]s :i* /& at ! angles ( int]section8 ,footnote #ba3 ,t is1 a ,ca?olic arrangem5t ( ! *ur* be+ presum$4 ,b if he le>nt t ! religion = :i* ^! temples 7 design$ 0 t ( ! ,cross1 he w\ld at once see ! propriety ( ?is gr\nd plan1 & w\ld confid5tly & truly conclude t ?is =m 0 *os5 9 ord] to br+ ! ,cross1 by ?is symbolism1 vividly & con/antly be=e ! eyes ( ! wor%ipp]s4 ,to d5y int5d$ symbolism1 9 ! case ( su* a p]son1 w\ld lxii cle>ly be absurd3 %all x be less obvi\s to u8 ,our travell] w\ld probably1 be+ satisfi$ on ?is po9t1 exam9e ^! build+s m closely4 ,he w\ld f9d an alt> rais$ conspicu\sly above ! surr\nd+ level2 & = ?is he might discov] a practical reason2 b :y 9 s _m cases 7s _m z well nigh to make a rule7 are ! /eps ei!r ?ree or "s multiple ( ?ree8 ,surely ! fundam5tal doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity w\ld1 if expla9$ to him1 suffici5tly acc\nt = ?is all b univ]sal arrangem5t4 ,:y1 aga91 9 e case does a scre5 sep>ate "o "p ( ! *ur* f ! o!r8 ,:5 our inquir] le>ns ! pr9ciple ( ! sep>ation ( laity & cl]gy1 ?is arrangem5t also w be at once intelligible & figurative4 ,h[ unreasonable w\ld ! position ( ! font by ! door appe> to him1 till he le>nt ! symbolical reason = its be+ plac$ !re6 ,& we may "h rem>k t ! practice ( ! la/ g5]ation 9 remov+ old fonts1 or us+ bas9s = sub/itutes1 or 9 plac+ new fonts1 ne> ! alt>1 %[s cle>ly en\gh t conv5i5ce & utility w\ld h po9t$ out a v diff]5t place = ! font f :at is assign$ by ! canon1 on symbolical gr\nds2 gr\nds adduc$ 9 ?is case1 z x w\ld seem1 to give weight to a decision s cle>ly oppos$ to all m]ely practical & obvi\s reasons4 ,aga91 ! m>k$ deviation ( ! ori5tation ( ! *ancel f t ( ! nave1 w\ld be q inexplicable till ! beautiful & affect+ symbolism ( ! arrangem5t 7 po9t$ out4 ,aga91 x has n be5 left m]ely to ! m$itative ecclesiologi/ to obs]ve t ,*ri/ian ar*itecture has z decid$ a *>act]i/ic ( v]ticality1 z ,pagan ar*itecture _h ( horizontalism4 ,a m]e arti/ c\ld n fail ( m>k+ ! contra/ betwe5 ,beauvais & ! temples ( ,pae/um4 lxiii ,! contra/ mu/ !n be admitt$3 b h[ mu/ we expla9 x8 ,surely no accid5t c\ld h develop$ ! grovell+ ,pagan into ! aspir+ ,go?ic4 ,:at me*anical reasons c\ld produce ,we/m9/] f ev5 ! ,p>!non8 ,b is n ! ph5om5on expla9$ :5 we see 9 t[]+ pi]1 spire1 & p9nacle1 ! symbolical exhibition ( t religion :i* alone aspires to ?+s above1 nay m1 ! figurative commemoration ( t ,resurrection itself1 :i* alone orig9ates1 & only ju/ifies1 ! same heav5w>d t5d5cy4 ,b if ?is be true2 if ^! ackn[l$g$ peculi>ities 9 ,*ri/ian ar*itecture be utt]ly un9telligible on any o!r supposition ?an ?is ( a symbolical mean+1 surely x is n unreasonable to receive s ready a solution ( ! difficulty3 &1 ! pr9ciple admitt$1 :y may n reasons ( ! same figurative nature be assign$ = o!r arrangem5ts1 9 !mselves on any o!r int]pretation n only mean+less b obvi\sly useless or absurd8 lxiv ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,inductive ,,argum5t ,we h next to %[1 by a process ( induction1 t "s pr9ciples ( symbolism h always be5 obs]v$ 9 design+ *ur*es3 t is to say1 t )\t any actual acqua9tance ) ! plan1 details or arrangem5t ( exi/+ *ur*es1 we might ga!r f o!r s\rces1 n only ! probability1 b ! fact1 t !re 0 "s reason 7n m]ely me*anical or accid5tal7 = ! selection & univ]sal obs]vation ( p>ticul> =ms & ornam5ts1 & peculi> rules ( di/ribution4 ,fir/1 we %all ref] to ! celebrat$ passage ( ,s4 ,clem5t ( ,rome1 ,footnote #bb ab\t p]=m+ ! ,div9e ,(fices dec5tly & 9 ord]1 z to "t1 & place1 & circum/ance4 ',:]e & by :om ,god wille? ^! to be p]=m$ ,he ha? ,himself def9$ by ,8 mo/ supreme w4' ',b :]e1' says ,m$e1 ,footnote #bc 7discuss+ ! passage ) ! view ( e/abli%+ a p>ticul> po9t1 namely1 b[+ t[>ds ! alt>7 'ha? ! ,"l def9$ ^! ?+s1 unless ,he ha? left u to ! analogy ( ! ,old ,te/am5t8' ,footnote #bb3 ,s4 ,clem4 ,rom41 ad ,cor9?4 ,i1 #dj4 ,footnote #bc3 ,m$e1 9 ,epi/4 lviii ,folio1 ,lib4 iv4 lxv ,?is inde$ is obvi\sly ,s4 ,clem5t's mean+3 & n to g at any l5g? into ! consid]ation ( all ! p>ticul> =ms or c]emonies ( ! ,old disp5sation :i* 7 p]petuat$ 9 ! ,new--z ! ?reefold ,m9i/ry d$uc$ by ,s4 ,j]ome1 f ! ,high ,prie/1 ,prie/s1 & ,levites2 ! ,canonical ,h\rs2 ! ,gospel anci5tly laid on ! alt>1 answ]+ to ! ,two ,tables1 & ! l--x w be suffici5t to ref] once m to ! rem>kable p>allel betwe5 a ,*ri/ian *ur* & ! ,jewi% ,temple4 ,footnote #bd ,!re c be little d\bt t ,m$e prov$ 8 po9t ( ! propriety ( g5uflexion t[>ds ! alt>4 ,we are cont5d+ = a mu* simpl] ?+3 = no m inde$ ?an ! concession ( a probability t 9 ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ian *ur*es !re 0 at lea/ ?is resemblance to ! ,temple2 t !re %\ld be 9 bo? a ,holy ( ,holies & an out]-c\rt4 ,suppos+ ?is di/9ction to h be5 only made by a curta91 our po9t is nev]!less ga9$2 & we w\ld re/ "h on ?is "o p>ticul> ( resemblance only 7?\gh o!rs might be insi/$ on72 because1 any "o design$ p>allel be+ grant$1 ! inf]5ce = o!rs is easy4 ,& "h x w be en\gh to obs]ve t ! almo/ con/ant practice 9 anci5t writ]s ( apply+ to "s "o "p ( a ,*ri/ian *ur* a "n or names d]iv$ directly f ! ,holy ( ,holies is a /rong argum5t 9 our fav\r3 ?\gh ! passages are (t5 too incid5tal to be adduc$ z evid5ce ( an int5d$ symbolism4 ,footnote #be ,b1 we repeat1 ! fact t a p>ticul> "p ( a *ur*--7if we 7 n[ argu+ = rood scre5s1 we lxvi %\ld %[ t any su* di/9ction ( p>ts made a scre5 ( "s sort necess>y1 ev5 if we did n "k :at sort ( scre5s really exi/$7--! fact t a p>ticul> "p ( a *ur* 0 di/+ui%$ by names directly c>ry+ u back to ! exactly correspond+ p>ticul> "p 9 ! ,temple1 %[s t 9 ! arrangem5t at lea/1 if n 9 ! build+1 ( ! e>lie/ *ur*es !re 01 at lea/ 9 ?is "o po9t1 an int5tion to produce an antitype to ! typical ,tab]nacle4 ,x is obs]v$ 9 a note to ,ne&]'s hi/ory ,footnote #bf t if ! int]pretation ( ,mi*aelis be receiv$ !re is evid5ce ( a ,*ri/ian *ur* be+ built at ,edessa1 ,a4,d4 #bjb1 ) ?ree p>ts1 expressly aft] ! model ( ! ,temple4 ,footnote #bd3 ,see ?is c>ri$ out by ,dur&us4 ,app5dix ,a4 ,footnote #be3 ,comp>e1 among/ o!rs1 ,s4 ,cyprian1 ,ep4 #ee2 ,euseb4 x1 #d4 ,greek text2 ,id4 vii1 #ah4 ,greek text 7! ^w us$ 9 ! lxx = ! ,sanctu>y7'4 ,s4 ,dionys4 ,areop41 ,ep4 #h1 ad ,demoph42 ,s4 ,a?anas41 ,edit1 ,commel4 ,tom4 ii1 p4 #bee2 ,!od4 ,h4 ,e4 iv1 #ag1 v1 #ah2 ,concil4 ,t\rs4 7,a4 ,d4 #eeg74 c4 #d2 ,s4 ,g]m4 ,con/ant4 ,9 ,!or4 r]4 ,eccles42 ,c>d4 ,bona4 ,r] ,liturg4i1 xxv1 ,,ii2 ,dionys4 ,hi]>*4 cap4 #b2 ,s4 ,*ryso/4 ,lib vi1 ,de ,sac]dotio4 ,footnote #bf3 ,rose's ,ne&]1 i1 #bdf4 ,:atev] may be ! au?ority all[$ to ! ,apo/olical ,con/itutions1 ! fact t !y t\* at "s l5g? ^u ! =m ( *ur*es is en\gh = our purpose4 ',! *ur*1' ,footnote #bg !y say1 'mu/ be oblong 9 =m1 & po9t+ to ! ,ea/' ,! oblong =m 0 meant to symbolise a %ip1 ,footnote #bh ! ark :i* 0 to save u f ! /ormy _w4 ,x w\ld be p]fectly unnecess>y to support ?is obvi\s piece ( symbolism by citations4 ,! ori5tation is an equally valuable example ( int5d$ symbolism4 ,we ga9 an additional te/imony to ?is f ! well-kn[n passage ( ,t]tullian1 ,footnote #bi 7a4d4 #bjj17 ab\t ',! h\se ( our ,dove4' ,:e!r ?is corrupt extract be int]pret$ ) ,m$e or ,b+ham1 !re c be no d\bt t its lxvii 9 lucem means t ! *ur* %\ld face ! ,ea/ or dayspr+4 ,! pray+ t[>ds ! ,ea/ 0 ! almo/ inv>iable cu/om 9 ! ,e>ly ,*ur*es1 & z symbolical z _! /&+ 9 pray] ^u ! ,fe/ivals ( ! ,resurrection4 ,footnote #cj ,s common 0 ori5tation 9 ! mo/ anci5t *ur*es1 t ,socrates ,footnote #ca m5tions p>ticul>ly ! *ur* at ,antio* z hav+ its 'position rev]s$2 = ! alt> does n look to ! ea/ b to ! we/4' ,?is rule appe>s to h be5 m scrupul\sly foll[$ 9 ! ,ea/ ?an 9 ! ,we/2 ?\gh ev5 9 ,europe examples to ! contr>y are exceptions4 ,footnote #bg3 ,apo/4 ,con/1 #b1 #eg1 7#fa47 ,footnote #bh3 ,see also :at is said on ?is po9t by ,buscemi1 9 8 ,notizie della ,basilica di ,san ,pietro1 *4 iii1 p4 #g4 ,! *ur* ( ,,ss4 ,v9c5zo & ,ana/atio at ,rome1 ne> ,s4 ,paolo alle ,tre ,fontane1 built by ,honorius ,i1 7,a4,d4 #fcj7 has its wall curv$ l ! ribs ( a %ip4 ,! con/itution itself ref]s to ! resemblance ( ?is oblong =m to a %ip4 ,see also ,s4 ,clem4 ,alex41 ,pa$ag1 iii1 #bdf4 ,footnote #bi3 ,t]tull4 adv]s4 ,val5t41 cap4 #b4 ,footnote #cj3 ,see ,orig51 ,hom4 #e1 9 ,num]4 cap1 #d4 ,t]tull4 ,apol4 cap4 #af1 & ,ad ,nation1 i1 #ac4 ,s4 ,clem4 ,alex4 ,/rom1 vii1 ante m$4 quot$ by ,m$e4 ,footnote #ca3 ,hi/4 ,eccles4 ,lib4 v1 cap4 ,greek text4 ,! ,apo/olical ,con/itution 9 its o!r directions ab\t ! position ( ! bi%op1 prie/s1 & deacons1 & ! sep>ate /ations = ! sexes1 %[s 7z ,fa!r ,?i]s ,footnote #cb has rem>k$7 t !re 0 ev5 !n a m>k$ di/9ction betwe5 ! cl]gy & laity ?\gh ! me?od ( division is n describ$4 ,at any rate1 :at has be5 "h adduc$--compil$ f notes tak5 "s "t s9ce = ano!r object1 & )\t access 7f accid5tal circum/ances7 to a libr>y--seems en\gh to %[ t 9 ! e>lie/ notices ( ,*ri/ian *ur*es !re is di/9ct intimation ( at lea/ ?ree p>ticul>s ( int5d$ symbolism4 ,footnote #cb3 ,?i]s1 ,diss]t1 de la ,clture du ,*oeur des ,eglises4cap4 #b4 ,! circul> =m giv5 to ! *ur* ( ! ,holy ,sepul*re 0 ( c\rse appropriate en\gh 9 t p>ticul> case1 :]e ! sepul*re w\ld naturally become ! c5tre4 ,! circul> *ur*es ( ,europe 7 aga9 imitat$ f ?is4 ,! ,cross =m w\ld appe> to h made its fir/ appe>ance 9 ,con/ant9ople3 t is1 9 ! city :i* 0 ! fir/ to take a completely ,*ri/ian "*4 lxviii ,= example1 ! *ur* ( ! ,apo/les built by ,con/ant9e 0 cruci=m3 & ! symbolism ( ?is is po9t$ out by ,s4 ,gregory ,nazianz5 9 8 poem1 '! ,dream ( ,ana/asia1' quot$ by ,b+ham4 ,footnote #cc ,s ,evagrius describes ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,simon ,/ylites1 z cit$ by ,buscemi1 ,footnote #cd :o also m5tions a ,cross *ur* f\nd$ by ,k+ ,*ildeb]t1 ab\t ! ye> #eej4 ,! ca!dral ( ,cl]mont1 m5tion$ by ,s4 ,gregory ( ,t\rs1 & ! *ur* ( ,,ss4 ,naz>ius & ,celsus at ,rav5na1 bo? f\nd$ ab\t #dej1 7 cruci=m4 ,m ?an ?is1 we h examples ( an oblong *ur* be+ int5tionally made cruci=m by ! addition ( apsides1 z at ,bla*]noe by ,ju/9 ,junior1 in/anc$ by ,b+ham out ( ,c$r5us & ,zon>as4 ,?is has be5 rem>k$ also 9 ! case ( "s ,italian *ur*es3 ?\gh ! e>ly *ur*es ( ! ,we/ seem$ to h reta9$ ! oblong =m1 ev5 :5 ! details & g5]al arrangem5t 7 ,byzant9e1 z 9 ! ,capella ,regia at ,mess9a2 ! m rem>kable f ! peculi> influ5ce ( ,con/ant9ople 9 ! isl& ( ,sicily4 ,b 9 ei!r case !re 0 a symbolis+ int5tion on ! "p ( ! f\nd]s ( *ur*es4 ,footnote #cc3 ,c>m4 ix1 tom ii1 p4 #gi4 ,greek text ,footnote #cd3 ,notizie etc4 ,note al ,lib4 #a1 capo t]zo4 ,nota #aj p4 #ae4 ,!re is m5tion also ( octagonal *ur*es1 z at ,antio* & ,nazianzum3 b ^! seem to h be5 m]e exceptions2 & p]haps f be+ c\pl$ ) fonts 9 ! inscription quot$ by ,mr4 ,poole f ,grut]1 may h be5 int5d$ to symbolise ,reg5]ation4 ,! fir/ two l9es are z foll[s3-- ,octa*orum sanctos templum surrexit 9 usus3 ,octagonus fons e/ mun]e dignus eo4 lxix ,b+ham m5tions t ! oblong =m 0 sometimes call$ ,greek text :i* he expla9s z intimat+ t !y _h void spaces = deambulation4 ,footnote #ce ,x seems h[ev] m likely t ! "n 0 d]iv$ f ! resemblance betwe5 ?is =m ( *ur* & a /adium2 ! apsidal end answ]+ to ! curve r\nd ! goal4 ,footnote #ce3 ,book viii1 #c1 foll[+ ,leo ,allatius & ,suic]4 ,"s objection may be rais$ to our !ory because ,b+ham1 f :om ( c\rse almo/ all ! exi/+ passages 9 anci5t writ]s ab\t ! =m ( *ur*es might be ga!r$1 does n recognise any su* pr9ciples1 & r seems on ! o!r h& to believe t !re 0 at fir/ no rule or law on ^! po9ts4 ,b x is n detract+ f 8 fame = almo/ consummate le>n+ to "q :e!r 8 practical k ( *ur* ar*itecture1 anci5t or mod]n1 0 v deep4 ,x might be %[n inde$ to be f> o!rwise4 ,b at any rate ! pr9ciple n[ cont5d$ = nev] ent]$ 8 m9d1 or he w\ld h se5 t "s ( ! v passages he adduces to %[ t ! =m ( anci5t *ur*es 0 accid5tal1 because 7= example7 !y 7 (t5 made out ( ,basilicae or ev5 hea!n temples1 really tell aga9/ su* a supposition4 ,he quotes f ,socrates ,footnote #cf a description ( ! conv]sion ( a ,pagan isl& to ,*ri/ianity1 ab\t #chj1 & ! turn+ ! hea!n temple into a *ur*4 ,b ! words ( ! orig9al1 giv5 9 our note1 are v rem>kable3 ',! guise ( ! temple !y trans=m$ unto ! type 7or patt]n7 ( a *ur*4' ,we want to prove no?+ m ?an t !re 0 "s type ( a *ur*4 ,x 0 n a m]e ejection ( idols t 0 requir$ to make a temple into a *ur*3 b "s *ange ( =m & arrangem5t4 ,s also 9 a passage f ,sozom5 7vii1 #ae71 ',! temple ( ,dionysus :i* lxx !y _h1 0 *ang$ 9 fitt+s 7,greek text7 into a *ur*4' ,aga91 a v int]e/+ passage ab\t ! conv]sion ( ,ib]ia by means ( a female captive 9 ! "t ( ,con/ant9e is cit$ f ,!odoret1 ,footnote #cg to %[ t *ur*es did exi/ at t date4 ,b we f9d a p>ticul> =m ( build+ cle>ly allud$ to 9 ! orig9al3 &1 m ?an ?is1 ',he ,:o fill$ ,bezaleel ) a wise _s = build+1 judg$ ?is captive also wor?y ( grace1 s z to design ! div9e temple4 ,& s %e design$1 & !y built4' ,& ?is passage br+s u at once to ! fam\s panegyric on ,paul9us1 ,bi%op ( ,tyre1 & build] ( ! *ur* !re pres]v$ by ,eusebius4 ,9 ?is spee* ! prelate is ?r\gh\t suppos$ to h be5 inspir$ = 8 "w1 & is comp>$ to ,bezaleel1 ,solomon & ,z]ubbabel1 ! build]s ( ! ,tab]nacle1 & ! ,fir/ & ,second ,temples4 ,& n only is ! g5]al _s assum$ to be a directly religi\s "o3 b ! details are describ$ z hav+ a symbolical mean+4 ,footnote #cf3 ,socrates iv1 #bd1 ,greek text4 ,footnote #cg3 ,!odoret ,i4 xxiv4 ,greek text ,9 ! comp>ison betwe5 ! mat]ial temple & ! 'liv+ temple' ! ,spiritual ,*ur*1 !re are sev]al po9ts wor?y ( obs]vation4 ,! symbolical explanation ( ! corn] /one z our ,"l1 ( ! f\ndation z ! ,apo/les & ,prophets1 ( ! /ones z ! memb]s ( ! ,*ur*1 are ( c\rse tak5 directly f ,holy ,scripture4 ,x is sc>cely necess>y to rem>k ! great au?ority = consid]+ ! fabric ( ! *ur* z symbolical :i* ^! passages convey4 ,_m ( our read]s w rememb] h[ ,s4 ,h]mas c>ries out into consid]able detail ! same idea4 ,b ! ,panegyri/ 9 ,eusebius di/9ctly ref]s to '! mo/ lxxi inw>d recesses ( t spiritual temple :i* are unse5 ( ! _m1 & are ess5tially holy & holy ( holies'2 ,footnote #ch t is1 ( c\rse1 to a ,sanctu>y2 :i* he goes on to describe z hav+ 'sacr$ inclosures1' & z be+ accessible to ! prie/ alone2 ) a di/9ct ref]5ce to ,s4 ,paul's ,footnote #ci illu/ration tak5 f ! ,jewi% ,temple4 ,aga9 he proce$s to comp>e ! ,bi%op ,paul9us ) ! 'great ,high ,prie/1' n only 9 be+ p]mitt$ to ent] ! holy ( holies1 b 9 do+ :at ,*ri/ has done1 j z ! ,son did :at ,he saw ! ,fa!r d4 ',?us he1 look+ ) ! pure eyes ( 8 m9d unto ! ,great ,tea*]1 :atsoev] he see? ,him do+1 z if mak+ use ( ar*etypal patt]ns1 has1 by build+ 7,greek text7 z mu* l !m z possible1 wr\ght out images ( !m z closely z c be2 hav+ 9 no respect fall5 %ort ( ,bezaleel1 :om ,god ,himself1 hav+ fill$ him ) ! ,_s ( wisdom & k & o!r skilful & sci5tific lore1 call$ to be ! build] ( ! mat]ial expression ( ! heav5ly types 9 ! symbols ( ! temple4 ,9 ?is way !n ,paul9us also1 c>ry+ :olly l a grav5 image 9 8 s\l ,*ri/ ,himself1 ! ,^w1 ! ,wisdom ! ,light 4 4 4 has con/ruct$ ?is magnificial temple ( ! mo/ ,high ,god1 resembl+ 9 its nature ! patt]n ( ! bett] 7temple7 z a visible 7emblem7 ( t :i* is invisible4' ,footnote #dj ,footnote #ch3 ,euseb4 ,h4 ,e41 x1 #d1 #ba4 ,footnote #ci3 ,hebrews1 ix1 #f1 #g4 ,footnote #dj3 ,euseb4 ,x1 iv1 #bd1 #be4 ,?is rem>kable passage appe>s to ass]t 7i7 ! inspiration ( ! ar*itect1 7ii7 ! fact ( ?is heav5ly type1 :i* 7iii7 mat]ial *ur*es ought to foll[2 & 7iv7 ! g5]al symbolism ( ! ,spiritual ,*ur* by ! visible fabric4 ,we mu/ pass ov] a great deal ( ?is oration1 ) a g5]al reque/ t su* z are int]e/$ 9 ?is discussion w read ! :ole 9 ! orig9al = ! sake ( see+ its g5]al _s & be>+4 lxxii ,! description ( ! details is ( great int]e/4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! porticoes1 etc41 is ( c\rse q adapt$ to ! wants ( ! ,*ur* 9 t age3 x is fair to own t ! *ief entrance appe>s to h fac$ ! ,ea/ 9 ?is *ur*4 ,m5tion is made also ( seats 9 ord] = ! bi%ops & presbyt]s1 & ( ! alt> 9 ! mid/3 ! :ole be+ encompass$ ) wood5 network1 exquisitely work$1 9 ord] to be made inaccessible to ! multitude4 ,footnote #da ,fur!r on ,footnote #db we read t ,paul9us rebuilt 8 *ur*1 'su* z he _h be5 taught f ! del9eation ( ! holy oracles4' ,& aga91 ',m wond]ful ?an wond]s are ! ar*etypes1 & ! intellig5t & godlike prototypes & patt]ns 7( e>?ly *ur* build+73 namely1 ,i say1 ! r5ew+ ( ! div9e & reasonable build+ 9 ! s\l'2 ,footnote #dc assum+ t mat]ial *ur*es are b copies f "s heav5ly type4 ,aga91 a passage1 9 :i* ! ru9$ fabric & ! p]secut$ ,*ur* are mix$ up1 speaks ( ! ,*ur* z 'hav+ be5 made aft] ! image ( ,god1' ,footnote #dd & m to ! same effect4 ,! symbolical prophecy ( ! 'fair edification' ( ! ,g5tile ,*ur* ,footnote #de is quot$ z be+ almo/ lit]ally fulfill$ 9 ! ,tyrian *ur*1 & is /ill fur!r symbolis$ by ! ,panegyri/4 ,footnote #df ,! f\r-squ>e atrium is said to set =? ! f\r ,gospels ( ! scripture4 ,footnote #dg ,footnote #da3 ,euseb4 ,h4 ,e41 x1 #dc ,footnote #db3 ,ibid #ec4 ,footnote #dc3 ,ibid #ed4 ,footnote #dd3 ,ibid #eg4 ,footnote #de3 ,isaiah liv1 #aa4 ,footnote #df3 ,euseb4 ,x4 iv1 #fj4 ,footnote #dg3 ,ibid #fa4 ,! :ole arrangem5t ( ! *ur* is symbolis$ at mu* l5g?1 z sett+ =? ! diff]5t divisions ( ! laity & ! /ates ( ! fai?ful ) respect to advance 9 hol9ess4 ,! great portico symbolis$ ,god ! ,fa!r3 ! side porticoes ! o!r ,two ,p]sons ( ! ,mo/ ,holy ,tr9ity4 ,! seats repres5t$ ! s\ls ( ! fai?ful1 ^u :i*1 lxxiii z on ! ,day ( ,p5teco/1 ! clov5 tongues w\ld desc5d & sit ^u ea* ( !m4 ',! rev]$ & great & only alt>1 :at c\ld ?is be b ! spotlessness ( s\l & hol9ess ( holies ( ! common ,prie/ ( u all8' ,footnote #dh ,once m1 ! p>allel betwe5 ! spiritual & ! mat]ial ,*ur*es be+ cont9u$1 ! ,^w1 ! ,great ,demiurgus ( all ?+s1 is said to h ,himself made ^u e>? a copy ( ! heav5ly patt]n :i* is ! ,*ur* ( ! ,fir/born writt5 9 heav51 ,j]usalem t is above1 ,sion ! ,m\nt ( ,god1 & ! city ( ! liv+ ,god4 ,footnote #dh3 ,euseb4 ,h4 ,e41 x1 #fe4 ,x appe>s !n t ?r\gh\t ?is description a symbolical mean+ is f\nd atta*$ to ! mat]ial *ur*3 & ?is n f>-fet*$ or n[ fir/ fancifully imag9$2 b appeal+1 z x seems1 to :at ! auditors w\ld be prep>$ to grant1 & admitt$ by ! hi/orian )\t a comm5t1 z "o specim5 ( a class4 ,we h be=e rem>k$ t e notice ( ! p>ticul> di/ribution ( a *ur* = ! reception ( ! diff]5t classes ( ,*ri/ians1 may be tak5 z an argum5t on our side3 = if x c be %[n t ! =m ( *ur*es 0 n arbitr>y1 b 0 adapt$ to c]ta9 peculi> wants1 x mu/ be grant$ t !re 0 "s p>ticul> law ( design1 & t law connect$ ) ,ritual3 & !n1 z be=e po9t$ out1 ?is arrangem5t becomes itself symbolical1 & t int5tionally4 ,we %all only ref] "h to a passage quot$ by ,b+ham1 ,footnote #di 9 :i* ,s4 ,gregory ,?aumaturgus describes ! places 9 *ur* assign$ respectively to ! five degrees ( ,p5it5ts4 ,m$e ,footnote #ej argues = ! exi/5ce ( *ur*es 9 ! fir/ ?ree c5turies1 f ! univ]sal cu/om ( pray+ t[>ds ! ,ea/1 ! necessity ( lxxiv provid+ di/9ct places = ! ,p5it5ts1 ,he>]s1 ,cate*um5s1 & ,fai?ful1 & f ! patt]ns ( ! ,jewi% proseu*ae & synagogues4 ,b all ^! argum5ts seem to tell z mu* = "s p>ticul> =m ( *ur*es z = _! exi/5ce3 t is !y prove t ! e>lie/ *ur*es 7 design$ on rules :i*1 ev5 if n int5tionally symbolical 7?\gh we h %[n t _m 7 s71 became by a natural process int5tional among lat] *ur*-build]s4 ,footnote #di3 ,greg4 ,nyss51 iii1 #efg4 ,footnote #ej3 ,disc\rse ( ,*ur*es1 ,folio ,edn41 p4 #ccc4 ,s also ) respect to ! great division into nave & sanctu>y by a scre5 ( "s sort3 conc]n+ :i* ! passages t might be cit$ f anci5t writ]s w\ld be innum]able4 ,we %all only give "o quot$ by ,fa!r ,?i]s f a ,poem ( ,s4 ,gregory ( ,nazianzum1 9 :i* ! balu/rade or rood-scre5 is said to be 'betwe5 two worlds1 ! "o immovable1 ! o!r *angeful2 ! "o ( gods 7or heav57 ! o!r ( mortals 7or e>?72 t is to say betwe5 ! *oir & ! nave1 betwe5 ! cl]gy & ! laity4' ,we h attempt$ to prove !n t ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ian *ur*es 7 design$1 or describ$1 symbolically3 by %[+ t !re 0 a reason = _! %ape1 :e!r oblong1 cruci=m1 or circul>2 = _! ma9 division into *oir & nave1 & _! subdivision = ! p5it5ts3 = _! ori5tation2 & ev5 to "s ext5t = _! m9or int]nal arrangem5ts3 & t "s type or patt]n ( a *ur* 0 univ]sally recognis$4 ,footnote #ea ,footnote #ea3 ,mu* /ress is laid by "s on ! ackn[l$g$ ,bascilican orig9 ( *ur*es z an argum5t aga9/ ! pr9ciple "h cont5d$ =4 ,b we f9d a great au?ority on ! ,antiquities ( ,*ri/ian ,rome decid+ diff]5tly3 ',!re seems to be 9 ! build+ ( *ur*es1 z 9 ! mosaics1 & o!r works ( art ( ! old ,*ri/ian times 9 ,rome "o con/ant type 9 :i* ! art ( build+ c\ld %[ little fre$om or v>iety4-- ,bes*reibung d] ,/adt ,rom4 ,basilik54vol1 i1 p4 #dcj4 lxxv ,x w\ld require m read+ ?an we c boa/ ( to give a cat5a ( writ]s :o h ass]t$ ! symbolism ( *ur*es4 ,b if ! po9t has be5 9 any way prov$ = ! fir/ f\r c5turies1 en\gh w h be5 done3 s9ce f t p]iod we c trace f exi/+ edifices ! gradual rel9qui%m5t ( ! peculi> ,basilican plan1 & g5]al adoption ( ! ,lat9 ,cross1 or oblong1 9 ! ,we/1 :ile ! ,ea/ consi/5tly reta9$ ! ,greek ,cross4 ,we obs]ve x /at$ ,footnote #eb t ,mr4 ,e4 ,%>pe1 9 a pap] read be=e ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society1 describ$ ! gradual typical additions' to ! ,basilican gr\nd plan4 ,inde$ symbolism1 to any ext5t1 once made kn[n1 mu/ h become a rule & prec$5t to lat] *ur* ar*itects4 ,footnote #eb3 ,ecclesiologi/1 vol4 i1 p4 #abj4 ,s4 ,isidore1 ( ,seville1 incid5tally m5tions _m symbolical arrangem5ts3 !y w be f\nd 9 ! notes to ! text ( ! ,rationale4 ,_m pieces ( symbolism are to be f\nd incid5tally 9 ! ,decretum ( ,gratian4 ,9 m5tion+ ,dur&us himself1 x seems prop] to anticipate an objection :i* may occur to "s read]s4 ,! au?ority1 x may be said1 ( t writ] mu/ be v small :o c give su* absurd d]ivations z cemet]ium f cime1 alt>e f alta res1 allegory f allon & gore4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$1 fir/ly1 t 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 ,greek 0 a language almo/ unkn[n 9 ,europe3 next1 t our au?or n[h]e pr(esses an acqua9tance ) x3 fur!r1 t ! sci5ce ( d]ivation 0 h>dly und]/ood till )9 ! la/ few ye>s3 & la/ly1 t ,cic]o's au?ority l$ ,dur&us into "s errors2 = in/ance1 8 d]ivation ( templum f tectum amplum4 ,"o pro( ( ! reality ( ,dur&us's pr9ciples we mu/ n fail to notice4 ,x is ! express allusion :i* he makes to1 & ! graphical description :i* he lxxvi gives (1 t :i* we "k to h be5 ! /yle ( ar*itecture employ$ 9 8 "t4 ,! tie beams1 ! deeply splay$ w9d[s1 ! int]ior %afts1 all prove t we are engag$ ) a writ] ( ,e>ly ,engli% date4 ,x is v rem>kable1 t ,dur&us1 ,s4 ,isidore1 ,bele?1 & ! re/1 seem to quote f "s canons ( *ur* symbolism n[ unkn[n to u4 ,_! words are (t51 ev5 :]e !y are n v connect$ nor intelligible1 ! same4 ,"o example may suffice4 ',9 t ?is rod1' says ,hugh ( ,s4 ,victor1 'is plac$ above ! ,cross1 x is %[n t ! words ( ,scripture be consummat$ & confirm$ by ! ,cross3 :5ce our ,"l said 9 ,8 ,passion1 ,x is ,f9i%$4 ,& ,8 ,title 0 indelibly writt5 ov] ,him' 7p4 #bjj74 ',9 t ! iron rod1' says ,dur&us1 'is plac$ above ! ,cross1 on ! summit ( ! *ur*1 x signifie? t ,holy ,scripture is n[ consummat$ & confirm$4 ,:5ce sai? our ,"l 9 8 ,passion1 ,x is ,f9i%$1 & t ,title is writt5 indelibly ov] ,him7p4 #bh74 ,! foll[+1 by way ( ano!r in/ance1 is ! symbolical ,footnote #ec description ( a *ur*1 writt5 on a fly-leaf1 at ! beg9n+ ( a ,,ms4 ',psalt]ium ,glossatum1' 9 ! public libr>y at ,b\logne1 ?\gh =m]ly 9 t ( ,s4 ,b]t9's ,abbey1 at ,s4 ,om]4 ,footnote #ec3 ,briti% ,magaz9e1 #ahdc1 p4 #cic4 ,! text is ei!r ( ! t5? or elev5? c5tury2 b x w be se5 t ! words ( ,dur&us1 writ+ at s great a di/ance ( "t & place1 are ne>ly ! same 9 "s passages4 ,fundam5tum ipsius ,cam]ae e/ ,fides4 ,altitudo ejus e/ ,spes4 ,latitudo ejus e/ ,c>itas4 ,longitudo ejus e/ ,p]sev]antia4 ,lat]a ejus sunt ,concordia et ,pax4 lxxvii ,frontes ipsius sunt ,ju/icia ,v]itas4 ,pul*ritudo ejus e/ exemplum bonorum op]um4 ,f5e/rae ejus sunt dicta sanctorum4 ,pavim5tum ejus e/ humilitas cordis4 ,cam]a e/ conv]satio coele/is4 ,pila/ri ejus sunt spiritales virtues4 ,columnae ejus sunt boni pontifices sac]dotes4 ,int]legatio ejus e/ v9culum pacis4 ,tectum ejus e/ fidelis disp5sator4 99 isces ejus sunt m$iatio cele/is4 ,m5sa ,*ri/i e/ 9 cam]a bona conv]satio4 ,m9i/]ium ,*ri/i 9 cam]a sua e/ bona memoria4 ,fac9us ,*ri/i e/ bona voluntas4 ,cant]ellus ,*ri/i e/ nitor consci5tiae4 ,ca!dra ,*ri/i e/ s]5itas m5tis4 ,sponsa ,*ri/i e/ sancta anima4 ,cam]>iae ,*ri/i spiritales virtutes sunt3 ,prima ,sancta ,c>itas dicta e/2 illa ,*ri/i regit cam]am4 ,secunda e/ ,sancta ,humilitas2 illa e/ !saur>ia 9 cam]a ,*ri/i ,t]tia e/ ,sancta ,pati5tia2 illa facit lum9>ia 9 cam]a ,*ri/i4 ,qu>ta ,sancta ,puritas2 illa scopat cam]am ,*ri/i4 ,b besides1 & 9 our op9ion /rong] ?an ?is express & cont9u\s te/imony to ! fact t ,ca?olic ar*itecture is symbolical1 we h ! te/imony ( all o!r bran*es ( ,ca?olic art1 :i* none ev] did1 or c\ld d5y to be figurative & sacram5tal4 ,let u take m]ely ! rites :i* accompany ! close ( ,ea/] week4 ,we ent] a d>k5$ *ur*1 illum9at$ only by ! light$ ',sepul*re'3 we he> ! hi/ory ( ! ,passion *aunt$ by ?ree voices 9 ?ree recitatives3 we h ! mo/ m\rnfully pa!tic /ra9 = ! ',reproa*es' :i* p]haps ! human m9d ev] imag9$3--we pray = ,pagans--& we kneel2 we pray = ,turks--& we kneel2 we pray = ! ,jews1 & we kneel n2 9 abhorr5ce ( ! mock]y t b[$ ! knee to ! ,k+ ( ! ,jews4 ,we ent] t *ur* aga91 n[ p]fectly d>k5$1 except = ! "o lamp t r5d]s ! lect]n & ! books lxxviii !reon j visible3 ! solemn litanies seem 9 t obscurity1 & amid/ ! sil5t cr[d ( wor%ipp]s1 m solemn ?an usual4 ,!re is a %ort pause3 !n 9 "o second1 prie/s & p1 voices & in/rum5ts1 bur/ =? ) ! ,ea/] ,alleluia3 light p\rs 9 f e w9d[ ( ! ca!dral3 %[]s ( rose leaves fall f ! ro(3 bells--sil5t = ?ree long days1 peal f e *ur* t[]3 guns fire & bann]s wave3 ,dom9us resurrexit v]e1 ,alleluia1 et app>uit ,s9ioni ,alleluia4 ,n[1 )\t be+ conc]n$ to def5d1 or ! contr>y1 any or all ( ^! c]emonies1 we ask3--,is x possible to conceive t ! ,*ur* :i* inv5t$ s deeply symbolical a sy/em ( wor%ip--%\ld h re/$ cont5t ) an unsymbolical build+ = its practice8 ,?is consid]ation1 p]haps1 belongs to ! analogical bran* ( our essay3 yet x may also f9d a place "h1 z "o ( ! /ronge/ p>ts ( ! inductive argum5t4 ,see+ !n t !re are /rong reasons priori = believ+ t ! ritual & ar*itecture ( ! ,*ur* w\ld p>take ( a decid$ly symbolical "*3 t by ! analogy ( ! practice among/ all religioni/s1 ( ! op]ations ( ,god 9 nature1 ( ! conditions ( ,art1 & especially ( ! :ole sacram5tal sy/em ( ! ,*ur*1 x is likely t *ur* ar*itecture itself w\ld be sacram5tal3 t f ! nature ( ?+s ev]y?+ mat]ial is 9 "s sort sacram5tal1 & a mat]ial fabric ess5tially figurative ( ! purpose = :i* x 0 design$3 t an actual ,*ri/ian *ur* 7tak5 z we f9d x7 has su* accid5ts z c be expla9$ on no o!r ?an a symbolical supposition1 & might be analys$ into j ^? elem5ts f :i*1 by induction1 we fir/ con/ruct$ an hypo!tical ,*ri/ian *ur*3 & la/ly1 t f express & lxxix cont9u\s hi/orical te/imony )\t any actual acqua9tance ) exi/+ fabrics we might h d$uc$ t ! mat]ial *ur* w\ld be itself1 to "s ext5t1 a figurative expression ( ! religion = ! celebration ( :i* x 0 con/ruct$3 x does n seem too mu* to ass]t t ,*ri/ian ar*itecture owes its di/9ctive peculi>ities to its sacram5tal "*1 & t consequ5tly we c nei!r appreciate anci5t examples nor hope to rival !m1 at lea/ 9 _! p]fection1 )\t tak+ into acc\nt ?is pr9ciple ( _! design4 ,9 o!r words1 ! cause ( t indef9able diff]5ce betwe5 an anci5t & mod]n *ur* :i* we 7 l$ to discov] at ! beg9n+ ( ?is treatise1 is nei!r association ( ideas nor correctness ( detail1 nor picturesqu5ess1 nor ( a me*anical nature1 b 79 ! mo/ g5]al po9t ( view7 is ! sacram5tality1 ! religi\s symbolism1 :i* di/+ui%$ & sanctifi$ ?is z e o!r bran* ( m$iaeval art4 lxxx ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,examples ,,( ,,symbolism ,9 endeav\r+ %ortly to develop ! practice ( symbolism1 accord+ to our view ( ! subject1 we are fully aw>e t to ^? :o h nev] yet be/[$ a ?\ght ^u x1 we %all appe> m]e vision>ies or en?usia/s4 ,x has be5 ! fa%ion ( late to smile at ! :ole !ory1 z amus+ & p]haps beautiful3 b q unpractical & inde$ impracticable4 ,we _c hope to conv9ce by ae/hetics ^? :o are deaf to m direct argum5ts1 & :o refuse to view ev]y?+1 z *ur*m5 ought to d1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! ,*ur*4 ,b ^? :o agree ) u 9 ! latt] duty1 w p]haps suff] !mselves to ?9k twice on :at w be advanc$ be=e !y condemn x4 ,we %all consid] ! practice ( symbolism z connect$ )1 #a4 ,! ,holy ,tr9ity2 #b4 ,reg5]ation2 #c4 ,! ,atonem5t2 #d4 ,! ,communion ( ,sa9ts2 & !n we %all notice sev]al p>ts ( a *ur*1 su* z w9d[s1 doors1 etc41 ) _! specific symbolical mean+4 ,! doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity has left1 z might be expect$1 deep] traces 9 ! /ructure ( our *ur*es ?an any o!r pr9ciples ( our fai?4 ,we h already notic$ t possibly ! ,basilican arrangem5t might be provid5tially ord]$ ) ref]5ce to ?is4 ,ixxxi ,9 ,saxon times we f9d ! idea c>ri$ out1 n only by ! ,nave & two ,aisles1 b also by ! triple division 9 l5g?1 into ,nave1 ,*ancel1 & ,sanctum ,sanctorum4 ,?is triple division is mo/ frequ5tly giv5 9 ,norman build+s1 by a c5tral t[]2 ) *ancel & nave3 we also f9d 9 ?is /yle a triple *ancel ar*1 an arrangem5t nev] occurr+ at a lat] epo*4 ,?us l5g? & bread? 7 made significant ( ?is ,my/]y2 nor 0 height less s4 ,! cl]e/ory1 ! tri=ium1 & ! pi]s _c fail to sugge/ x4 ,inde$1 :]e a tri=ium 0 n ne$$1 !re is (t51 z at ,exet] & ,wells1 an arrangem5t ( arcad+ 9 ni*es to resemble x1 made t ! triplicity might be reta9$4 ,x is only 9 late ,p]p5dicul>1 su* z ! nave ( ,cant]bury ca!dral1 t ! arrangem5t is omitt$3 !re ! eye is at once dissatisfi$4 ,aga91 ! triple ord]s ( m\ld+1 :i* are s mu* m frequ5t ?an any o!r numb]1 may be suppos$ to ref] to ! same ?+4 ,! alt> /eps1 ?ree1 or "s multiple ( ?ree1 c]ta9ly d4 ,s d ! ?ree f+]s ) :i* ,episcopal ,b5$iction is giv54 ,& ?is is a v e>ly symbolism4 ,x occurs 9 illum9at$ ,,ms4 ,we may m5tion "o 7,h>l4 #eedj7 ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 :]e x =ms a "p ( ! fir/ lett] ( ,s4 ,john's gospel4 ,s1 z we %all pres5tly see1 are ,ea/]n triplets4 ,& ref]5ce is con/antly made to ! same doctr9e 9 bosses3 we may m5tion z a rem>kable in/ance "o t occurs 9 ,/am=d1 ,s4 ,m>y's1 a figure ) an equilat]al triangle 9 its m\?3 !reby sett+ =? ! duty ( ! prea*] to proclaim ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,9 l>ge *ur*es1 ! ?ree t[]s und\bt$ly proclaim ! same doctr9e4 ,we %all h]eaft] %[ t nei!r 9 nave & aisles1 9 triplets1 or any ?+ else1 is ! inequality any ?+ else ?an :at might h be5 expect$4 lxxxii ,,ii4 ,! ,doctr9e ( ,reg5]ation ,we "k1 z a fact1 t f ! e>lie/ times1 bapti/]ies & fonts 7 octagonal4 ,we "k also t ! reason assign$1 if n by ,s4 ,ambrose himself at lea/ by "o ( 8 contempor>ies1 = ?is =m 01 t ! numb] eight 0 symbolical ( ,reg5]ation4 ,= z ! old ,creation 0 complete 9 sev5 days1 s ! numb] next ensu+ may well be significative ( ! new4 ,n[ none c d5y t v mu* ! great] numb] ( fonts are 9 ?is %ape4 ,to prove ?is we w ref] to ^? select$ by ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society 9 ! app5dix to ! second edition ( _! ',few ,words to ,*ur*-,build]s4' ,!re we f9d4 ,octagonal4 ,( all o!r %apes ,9 ,norman #ae #dc ,e>ly ,engli% #ai #cj ,decorat$ #bd #a ,p]p5dicul> #eg #b ,total #aae #gf ,n[1 x is to be rememb]$1 t ! sup]ior conv5i5ce ( a cyl9drical or circul> =m1 toge!r ) ! wont ( ,norman ar*itects r to symbolise facts ?an doctr9e1 acc\nts = ! comp>atively small numb] ( octagonal fonts 9 t /yle3 9 lat] ages _! prepond]ance is ov]:elm+4 ,! symbolism sculptur$ on ! sides ( ! font h>dly falls "u our consid]ation 9 ?is place4 ,& besides1 x has be5 fully detail$ 9 ! publications ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society1 & ( ,mr4 ,poole4 ,:e!r ! g5]al octagonal uses ( pi]s may n arise f a simil> design1 we d n pret5d to decide4 lxxxiii ,"o ( ! mo/ apposite illu/rations 9 corbels1 consi/s 9 ?ree fi%es int]tw9$ 9 an equilat]al triangle2 & ?us typify+ our reg5]ation 9 ! ,?ree ,p]sons ( ! ,ev]-,bless$ ,tr9ity4 ,= x ne$ n be said1 t ! fi% is ! emblem ( ! ,*ri/ian1 z be+ born aga9 ( wat]4 ,! my/ical vesica piscis ( ?is =m 77 :]e9 ! ,div9ity1 & 7m r>ely7 ! ,bless$ ,virg9 are repres5t$ has no ref]5ce1 except 9 its "n to a fi%2 b repres5ts ! almond1 ! symbol ( virg9ity1 & self-production4 ,,iii4 ,! ,atonem5t ,we w notice 9 ! ?ird place1 ! symbolical repres5tation ( ! great doctr9e ( ! ,atonem5t1 9 ! gr\nd l9es & g5]al arrangem5t ( our *ur*es4 ,z soon z ev] ,*ri/ianity possess$ temples ( h] own1 ! cruci=m %ape 01 we h se51 sometimes adopt$4 ,& s1 z we all "k1 has x cont9u$ d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,engl&1 p]haps1 has few] examples ( cross *ur*es ?an any o!r c\ntry3 ! proportion ( ^? :i* be> ?is %ape be+ n s mu* z "o 9 t54 ,9 ,france1 on ! contr>y1 ! ratio w\ld probably be inv]t$4 ,into ! reason ( ?is rem>kable diff]5ce we %all n n[ inquire3 b w m]ely rem>k1 t _m *ur*es :i* d n1 9 an ext]ior view1 appe> cruci=m1 are nev]!less1 f _! int]nal arrangem5ts1 really s4 ,! transepts d n project beyond ! aisles3 b h di/9ct transept ar*es1 & a w9d[ ( mu* l>g] dim5sions ?an ^? 9 ! aisles4 ,?is pr9cipally occurs 9 city *ur*es1 or :]e ! f\nd]s 7 conf9$ = want ( room4 ,& ?is is ! case z well 9 *ur*es :i* h aisles to ! *ancel1 z 9 ,godalm+1 ,surrey1 z :]e ! nave alone has !m1 lxxxiv z 9 ,holy ,rood1 ,s\?ampton4 ,!y w be di/+ui%$ readily on ! outside by ! nor!rn & s\!rn gable4 ,9 "s ca!dral *ur*es1 !re is a d\ble cross3 9 ,york1 ?is p]haps signifies ! metro-political dignity ( t *ur*2 9 o!r cases1 x 0 probably m]ely a me?od ( imp>t+ great] dignity to ! build+4 ,"s *ur*es--?\gh !y are n frequ5t--are 9 ! =m ( a ,greek ,cross3 t is1 ! f\r arms are all ( equal l5g?4 ,d>l+ton1 ,durham1 is an example3 9 ?is case !re is a c5tral t[]4 ,9 "s1 z at ,we/m9/]1 ,gl\ce/]1 & ,s4 ,albans1 ! *oir runs we/w>d ( ! transept2 9 ,seville1 almo/ ! :ole ( ! *oir is locally 9 ! nave2 9 o!rs1 z ,ely1 x does n ext5d we/w>d s f>4 ,^! peculi>ities1 curi\s 9 !mselves1 d n affect ! symbolism3 & probably no modification ( mean+ is to be atta*$ to !m4 ,mr4 ,lewis has ass]t$1 t 9 e>ly *ur*es1 a cross 0 m>k$ on ! pavem5t1 ! upp] "p runn+ into ! *ancel1 ! arms ext5d+ into ! transepts1 & ! body occupy+ ! nave4 ,& "s su* arrangem5t1 or r ! traces ( x1 we h ourselves p]haps notic$4 ,! reason x 0 giv5 up1 0 probably ! ana!ma pron\nc$ by ! second ,o,ecumenical ,c\ncil1 on ^? :o %\ld tread on t holy symbol4 ,?us1 9 ! gr\nd plan1 ! ,cross ( ,*ri/ 0 prea*$4 ,x is (t5 said1 t ! adjac5t *apels1 m especially ! ,lady ,*apel1 obscur$ ! symbolism4 ,b x mu/ be rememb]$ t a gr\nd plan c only be judg$ ( 9 two me?ods3 ei!r f a height above1 = example1 ! t[] ( ! *ur*2 or :5 m>k$ out on pap]4 ,x is surpris+1 9 ei!r ( ^! cases1 h[ easily ! mo/ complex ca!dral resolves itself to ! spectator's eyes into a cross4 lxxxv ,9 look+ at ! details ( *ur*es1 ! ,cross is m>k$ on ! ,dos-d'nes & pla9 c(f9 lids ( ! e>lie/ times3 x comm5ces ! lat] inscriptions on brass3 x surm\nts p9nacle1 & gable1 & por*2 x is (t5 impr9t$ on ! jambs ( ! pr9cipal entrance1 %[+ ! exact spot t\*$ 9 ! consecration ) *rism1 ,footnote #ed & possibly hav+ ref]5ce to ! blood spr9kl$ at ! ,passov] on ! ,door ,po/3 & f9ally1 9 a m augu/ =m1 is erect$ 9 ! *ur*y>d4 ,& "h we may notice ano!r curi\s & beautiful expression ( ,ca?olic feel+4 ,footnote #ee ,footnote #ed3 ,x is prop] to di/+ui% betwe5 ,d$ication ,crosses1 :i* are g5]ally ( consid]able size1 examples ( :i* may be se5 9 ,moorl9*1 ,som]set%ire1 & ^? small crosses 9 door jambs1 z 9 ,pre/on1 ,sussex1 ! use ( :i* is n v cle>1 b :i* 7 p]haps int5d$ to rem9d ! ent]+ wor%ipp] to cross himself4 ,at ,yatton1 ,som]set%ire1 inside ! nor!rn door1 & t[>ds ! ea/1 is a l>ge quatrefoil-fa%ion$ cross3 ?is p]haps po9t$ out a n[ de/roy$ b5atura4 ,footnote #ee3 ,t !re are "s pla9 crosses1 _c be d5i$--m especially t on :i* ! wea!rcock is plac$4 ,a little consid]ation w1 p]haps1 cle> up ?is difficulty4 ,! cross may be view$ 9 two di/9ct lights4 ,x may ei!r set =? t on :i* our ,r$eem] suff]$--9 :i* case x is ! symbol ( glory3 or x may image t ,cross :i* e true ,*ri/ian is to take up--9 :i* case x may /ill be call$ ! ,symbol ( ,%ame4 ,9 ! latt] signification1 x may well be q pla94 ,b1 inasmu* z our ance/ors look$ m to ! ,passion ( ,*ri/ ?an to _! own unwor?9ess1 ! =m] symbol is t :i* g5]ally occurs4 ,yet n always on ! *ur* spire1 p]haps = ?is reason3--! spire urges u1 by its upw>d t5d5cy1 to press on t[>ds our heav5ly home--a home :i* c only be rea*$ by ! *e]ful be>+ ( t cross by means ( :i* 7z x 77 x po9ts4 ,! cross !re=e is "h1 ) propriety1 pla94 ,x is v uncommon to f9d a pla9 cross surm\nt+ a *ur*3 ! :ole =ce ( ,*ri/ian art has sometimes be5 exp5d$ 9 wrea?+ & embelli%+ ! in/rum5t ( r$emption3 fl[]s1 & figures1 & foliage are lavi%$ ^u x4 ,& :y8 ,because t :i* 0 once ! by-^w ( ,pagans1 ! in/rum5t ( scorn & ( suff]+1 has become ! symbol ( ,hope & ( ,glory1 ( ,joy1 & ( ,et]nal ,felicity2 & its mat]ial expression has alt]$ proportionately4 xxxvi ,9 t ! arms frequ5tly end 9 leaves & fl[]s1 !y signify ! fl\ri%+ & cont9ual increase ( t ,*ur* :i* 0 plant$ on ,m\nt ,calv>y4 ,! ,cr[n ( ,?orns is sometimes wrea!d ar\nd !m3 b s1 t x %\ld r resemble a ,cr[n ( ,glory4 ,! in/rum5ts ( ! ,passion are1 z e "o kn[s1 ( ! mo/ ord9>y occurr5ce4 ,! commone/ ( ^! are--! ,cross1 ! ,cr[n ( ,?orns1 ! ,spe>1 ! ,sc\rge1 ! ,nails1 & ! ,sponge on ! pole4 ,b 9 ! ,suffolk & ,som]set%ire *ur*es _m o!rs are add$4 ,_! position is v>i\s3 sometimes1 z 9 ,/ogumb]1 ,som]set%ire1 !y appe> amid/ ! foliage ( a p]p5dicul> capital3 sometimes1 z 9 ! ,suffolk *ur*es1 !y are f\nd 9 ! op5 seats3 (t5 9 bosses1 (t5 9 brasses1 (t5 9 /a9$ glass2 & sometimes ! angel t supports a bracket holds !m portray$ on a %ield4 ,! ,five ,w\nds are also (t5 f\nd4 ,^! are repres5t$ by a he>t1 betwe5 two h&s & two feet1 ea* pi]c$2 or by a he>t pi]c$ ) five w\nds1 z 9 a brass at ,k+'s ,college *apel1 ,cambridge4 ,! in/rum5ts ( ! ,passion may sometimes be se5 among/ ! volutes ( ! /em ( ! *ur*y>d cross3 examples occur at ,belleville1 ne> ,havre1 9 ,norm&y1 & ,santa ,cruz1 9 ,madeira4 ,aga91 ! v position ( our bless$ ,savi\r on ! ,cross z repres5t$ 9 ! great rood & 9 /a9$ glass1 is n )\t a mean+4 ,9 mod]n pa9t+s1 ! arms are high above ! head1 ! :ole weight ( ! body seem+ to re/ ^u !m4 ,& ?is1 besides its lit]al tru?1 gives occasion to t mis]able display ( anatomical k 9 :i* su* pictures s mu* ab\nd4 ,! ,ca?olic repres5tation pictures ! arms z ext5d$ horizontally3 !reby signify+ h[ ! ,savi\r1 :5 ext5d$ on ! ,cross1 embrac$ ! lxxxvii :ole _w4 ,footnote #ef ,?us1 z x ev] ought to be1 is physical sacrific$ to moral tru?4 ,p]haps = a simil> reason ,s4 ,long9us is repres5t$ z pi]c+ ! ,"r ,side1 in/ead ( ! ,left3 & 9 a repres5tation ( ! ,five ,w\nds1 x is ! "r side ( ! brea/ t is pi]c$ 7z 9 a brass at ,s\?fleet1 ,k5t72 t be+ ! side ( ! greate/ /r5g?1 & !reby typify+ ! /r5g? ( t love :]e) our ,r$eem] lov$ u4 ,b ?is may be d\bt$4 ,= x appe>s pretty cle> t ! anci5t ,*ur* consid]$ ! ,"r ,side to h be5 t :i* 0 really pi]c$4 ,accord+ to mod]n ideas1 ! effusion ( ! wat] 0 n a miracle4 ,s4 ,john und\bt$ly consid]$ x n only a miracle1 b "o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y :i* he _h to relate1 seem+ to /op ! m\? ( ! objector by insi/+ on ! fact1 t he himself 0 an eye-witness4 ,9 "s old roods1 a /ill fur!r dep>ture 0 made f lit]al tru?3 ! ,savi\r 0 repres5t$ on ! ,cross1 z a cr[n$ k+1 array$ 9 royal app>el4 ,footnote #eg ,& 8 figure 0 con/antly repres5t$ z l>g] ?an t ( ,8 att5dants1 ,8 ,bless$ ,"m1 & ,s4 ,john1 !reby signify+ 8 immeasurable sup]iority ov] ! highe/ ( human be+s4 ,footnote #ef3 ,h[ev]1 9 late /a9$ glass1 ! mod]n position is sometimes f\nd z 9 a ,crucifixion repres5t$ 9 ! ea/ w9d[ ( ! nor? aisle1 9 ,wiscombe *ur*1 ,som]set%ire4 ,footnote #eg3 ,to ?is we may add ! conv5tional repres5tation ( ,royal ,sa9ts1 su* z ,s4 ,edmund1 we>+ _! k+ly cr[ns dur+ _! passion4 ,t su* conv5tional symbolism is natural to u may be %[n by allud+ 7)\t irrev]5ce 9 ?is connection7 to ! way 9 :i* k+s are always figur$ ) cr[n & orb 9 popul> pr9ts3 & ev51 z 9 a sign-po/ at ,leight]ton1 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 ,k+ ,*>les ,,ii1 hid+ himself 9 ! ,royal ,oak1 is array$ 9 all ! insignia ( maje/y4 ,ano!r ref]5ce to ! ,atonem5t w be f\nd 9 ! deviation :i* ! l9e ( ! *ancel (t5 pres5ts f t ( ! nave4 ,x is sometimes to ! nor?1 b m frequ5tly to ! s\?4 lxxxviii ,!re are _m m *ur*es 9 :i* x occurs ?an ^? :o h n exam9$ ! subject w\ld believe3 p]haps x is n too mu* to say t x may be notic$ 9 a qu>t] ( ^? 9 ,engl&4 ,( our ca!drals1 x is mo/ /rongly m>k$ 9 ,york & ,li*field3 among ! p>i% *ur*es 9 :i* we h obs]v$ x1 none h x s /rongly z ,ea/b\rne & ,bo%am1 9 ,sussex1 & ,s4 ,mi*ael's at ,cov5try3 9 all ( :i* ! mo/ casual glance c\ld n b detect ! peculi>ity ( appe>ance x occasions4 ,?is arrangem5t repres5ts ! incl9ation ( our ,savi\r's ,head on ! ,cross4 ,9 roods ! ,head g5]ally incl9es to ! left4 ,mr4 ,poole1 aft] notic+ ! fact 9 ,york m9/]1 seems incl9$ to attribute x to a desire ( evad+ ! old f\ndation l9es ( t *ur*1 :i* induc$ ! build]s to deviate a little f ! /raight l9e1 r ?an enc\nt] ! difficulty ( remov+ ?is ob/acle4 ,b 9 ! fir/ place1 h[ev] mu* mod]n *ur* build]s might be?9k !mselves ( su* an exp$i5t1 x is n at all 9 ! "* ( ! *ur* ar*itects ( o!r days3 & 9 ! second1 ! explanation is applicable to ,york alone1 "o only out ( _m hundr$ *ur*es s di/+ui%$4 ,,iv4 ,! ,communion ( ,sa9ts ,next1 we w notice ! effect :i* ! ,doctr9e ( ! ,communion ( ,sa9ts has ex]cis$ 9 ! designs ( *ur*es4 ,9 ! gr\nd plan ( small *ur*es !re is little :i* seems to be> on ?is subject4 ,! pr9cipal ref]5ces to dep>t$ sa9ts occur 9 ! /a9$ glass1 9 ! rood scre51 9 ni*es1 9 ! canopies ( monum5ts1 & 9 brasses4 ,monum5ts1 9 p>ticul>1 (t5 af=d "s beautiful ideas1 among :i* we may notice lxxxix ! angels :i* (t5 are seat$ at ! head ( ! effigy1 support+ ! helmet or pill[1 & seem+ to po9t out ! c>e ( angels = ! sa9ts4 ,9 ca!drals1 h[ev]1 ! *apels h a v consid]able effect ^u ! gr\nd plan3 ?\gh we _c agree ) ,mr4 ,poole t su* a modification ( ! pr9cipal l9es ( ! build+ = ! reception ( ^! %r9es & oratories1 is necess>ily unca?olic4 ,he pr9cipally objects to ! position ( ! ,lady ,*apel at ! ea/ end1 above1 z he expresses x1 ! ,high ,alt>4 ,n[ we believe ! ,lady ,*apel to h occupi$ t place m]ely on gr\nds ( conv5i5ce3 n f any design--:i* x is %ock+ to imag9e--( exalt+ ! ,bless$ ,virg9 to any p>ticipation 9 ! hon\rs ( ! ,deity4 ,sometimes1 z at ,durham1 ?is *apel is at ! we/ end3 9 c\ntry *ur*es1 x g5]ally occupi$ ! ea/ end ( ! nor? or s\? aisle3 & sometimes is plac$ ov] ! *ancel1 z 9 ,compton1 ,surrey1 ,compton ,m>t91 ,som]set1 & ,d>5?1 ,k5t2 or ov] ! por*1 z at ,=dham1 ,cambridge%ire4 ,at ,bri/ol ca!dral x is on ! nor? side ( ! *oir4 ,t ! position ( ! ,lady ,*apel at ! ea/ end adds greatly to ! beauty ( ! build+ wall h>dly be d5i$ on a comp>ison ( ,york1 or ,l9coln1 or ,pet]bor\gh ) ,li*field1 z x n[ is4 xc ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,examples ,,( ,,symbolism ,,cont9u$ ,we come n[1 accord+ to ! plan we laid d[n1 to speak ( ! symbolism ( "s p>ticul> features ( a *ur*1 :i* d n fall s well "u any ( ! f\r heads :i* we h be5 consid]+4 ,& fir/ly1 ( w9d[s4 ,! prim>y idea %ad[$ =? 9 e "o ( ! /yles1 is ! say+ ( our ,"l to ,8 disciples1 ye are ! light ( ! _w4 ,m simply set =? at fir/1 ?is notion acquir$1 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 v>i\s me?ods ( expression1 & 0 subject$ to diff]5t modifications2 b we mu/ reta9 x z ! gr\nd "w or we %all be 9 dang] ( mi/ak+ ! true mean+ ( anci5t *ur* ar*itects4 ,9 ,norman1 !n1 & e>ly ,engli%1 ! s+le lights nor? & s\?1 set =? ! ,apo/les & ,doctors :o h %9$ =? 9 _! "t z ! lights ( ! ,*ur*3 & ! ri* patt]n ( fl[]work :]e) ! /a9$ glass 9 !m 0 deck$1 repres5t$ ! v>iety ( graces 9 ea*4 ,b to h symbolis$ ! s]vants )\t ! ,ma/]1 ! memb]s )\t ! ,head1 _h be5 at v>iance ) all ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* has ev] practis$4 ,look+ !re=e to ! ea/ end1 we behold t well-kn[n feature1 ! ,triplet3 sett+ xci =? ! ,mo/ ,holy & ,undivid$ ,tr9ity4 ,footnote #eh ,nor is ?is all3 to d5ote t all ! ,*ur* has1 & all ,%e is1 is f above1 ! /r+ c\rse1 spr++ f ! ea/]n triplet1 runs r\nd ! :ole *ur* 7(t5 bo? )9 & )\t17 b9d+ x1 z x 71 9 & connect+ e o!r light1 ) ^? at ! ea/4 ,aga91 ! ,we/]n ,door1 z we %all see1 symbolis$ ,*ri/3 & two lights1 typical ( ,8 two natures1 are !re=e g5]ally plac$ ov] x4 ,!re are1 und\bt$ly1 in/ances ( we/]n triplets3 ?\gh we ?9k t ! ,camd5 ,society has well expla9$ ^!4 ,footnote #eh3 ,we read1 9 ! leg5d ( ,s4 ,b>b>a1 t1 be+ conf9$ by h] fa!r 9 a room :]e 7 two w9d[s only1 %e add$ a ?ird1 by way ( sett+ =? ?is ,my/]y4 ,9 "s cases1 !re is a s]ies ( c\plets on ea* side ( ! *ur*3 &1 tak+ ! h9t f ,dur&us1 we may int]pret ?is arrangem5t ( ! mission ( ! ,apo/les two & two4 ,a s]ies ( triplets z 9 ,salisbury ca!dral1 & ! ,lady ,*apel ( ,bri/ol1 is v r>e3 &1 ( c\rse1 n objectionable on any o!r gr\nds ?an t ( ! too *eap use ( a mo/ beautiful feature4 ,s f> all is simple3 b z we approa* ! decorat$ /yle1 ! symbolism becomes excessively complicat$4 ,! pr9cipal doctr9es ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* are set =? 9 ea* w9d[3 & to unravel ! :ole ( ^! is (t5 a task ( no small difficulty4 ,we %all proce$ to give a few examples1 ) ! explanation :i* appe>s to u probable3 entreat+ ! read] to rememb]1 t if 9 any in/ance our conjectures %\ld appe> unf\nd$1 ! failure ( probability 9 "o case ?r[s no discr$it on ! o!rs1 & /ill less does x invalidate ! sy/em4 ,dur&us's sil5ce on ! language ( trac]y is easily expla9$ by ! consid]ation1 t assign z late a date z we w to ! xcii publication ( 8 "w1 x came =? :ile ! ,e>ly ,engli% /yle 0 yet 9 exi/5ce3 & 8 sil5ce on triplets only proves1 :at is well kn[n to ecclesiologi/s1 t !y are f> less common 9 =eign ?an 9 our own ar*itecture4 ,9 ,norman w9d[s ! :eel w9d[ is conspicu\s4 ,?is1 :e!r =m$ ) ! radii l ^? ( ,b>fre/on1 or ( ! ,temple *ur*1 repres5t 7z we %all pres5tly obs]ve t ,norman symbolism usually does repres5t7 an hi/orical fact3 namely1 ! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,ca!r9e4 ,! celebrity ( ?is ,virg9 ,m>tyr may t5d to expla9 :y %e %\ld be s f> hon\r$3 a celebrity :i* has desc5d$ to our own day 9 ! common sign ( ! ,cat & ,:eel3 z well z ! firework s d5om9at$4 ,( ,norman triplets !re are n _m to :i* we c ref]4 ,! t[] ( ,w9*e/]1 h[ev]1 pres5t+ "o on ea* face1 is a noble example4 ,! s\!a/]n transept ( ,ro*e/]1 ?\gh lat]1 is equally 9 po9t3 x conta9s two triplets1 f> ap>t1 & "o dispos$ above ! o!r4 ,! we/ front ( ,s4 ,eti5ne at ,ca5 is a well-kn[n in/ance4 ,! e>lie/ symbolism ( ,e>ly ,engli% triplets repres5t$ ! ,tr9ity alone2 ! ,tr9ity 9 ,unity 0 res]v$ = a some:at lat] p]iod4 ,& ?is 0 typifi$ by ! hood m\ld+ ?r[n across ! ?ree lights4 ,at o!r times a quatre-foil$1 or c9que-foil$1 circle 0 plac$ at "s little di/ance above ! triplet3 ?us typify+ ! ,cr[n :i* befits ! ,maje/y ( ! ,k+ ( ,k+s4 ,& ! same ,cr[n is (t5 exhibit$ above ! we/]n c\plet4 ,b1 = z mu* z we are 'compell$ by ! ,*ri/ian v]ity to ackn[l$ge e p]son by ,himself to be ,god & ,"l1' a cr[n is sometimes repres5t$ ov] ea* light ( ! triplet1 z 9 ,wimborne m9/]4 xciii ,ano!r me?od ( repres5t+ ! same doctr9e 0 by a simple equilat]al triangle = a w9d[3 :e!r pla91 ( :i* !re are _m examples1 or ) ! too!d ornam5t1 z 9 ! fam\s example at ,york m9/]4 ,s4 ,giles's at ,ox=d has w9d[s1 ! trac]y ( :i* w s]ve z an example ( _m3 x has ?ree tre-foil$ lights1 ) ?ree quatre-foil$ circles1 arrang$ triangle-wise 9 ! head4 ,?is type is a little v>i$ 9 ,s4 ,m>y ,magdal5e's *ur*1 9 ! same city1 by ! introduction ( ! ogee =m4 ,b]keley *ur* has a :eel w9d[ conta9+ ?ree quatre-foils3 ! ?ree spaces left betwe5 !m & ! l9e be+ tre-foil$4 ,! ea/ w9d[s ( ,dun*ur* & ,f5 ,/anton h be5 expla9$ 9 ! publications ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society3 ! =m] 9 _! ',few ,words to ,*ur*-,build]s1' ! latt] 9 _! illu/rations ( monum5tal brasses4 ,"p iv4 ,! s\? transept ( ,*i*e/] ca!dral is a glori\s specim5 ( decorat$ symbolism4 ,9 ! gable is a ,m>ygold1 conta9+ two int]sect+ equilat]al tri-angles3 ! six apices ( ^! are sex-foil$2 ! int]ior hex-agon is beautifully work$ 9 six leaves4 ,! l[] w9d[ sev5 lights3 9 ! head is an equilat]al sph]ical tri-angle1 conta9+ a l>ge trefoil1 int]sect$ by a small] tre-foil4 ,"h we h ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 ! ,div9e ,attributes1 ! p]fection ( ! ,deity4 ,a w9d[ 9 ,m]ton ,college *apel has ?ree lights3 ) a circle 9 ! head conta9+ six sex-foils4 ,br\ghton1 ,oxon1 has 9 ! head ( "o ( its w9d[s a circle1 conta9+ two int]sect+ equilat]al triangles1 ! six apices1 & six spaces ar\nd1 be+ tre-foil$4 xciv ,! ea/ end ( ,l9coln1 ?\gh f> inf]ior to ! s\? transept ( ,*i*e/]1 is nev]!less highly symbolical4 ,! ea/ w9d[ ( ea* ( ! aisles has ?ree lights1 ) ?ree foliat$ circles1 dispos$ triangle-wise 9 ! head4 ,! great ea/ w9d[ has eight lights 9 two divisions1 ea* :]e( has ?ree foliat$ circles 9 ! head3 & 9 ! apex ( ! w9d[ is a circle conta9+ sev5 foliations4 ,! upp] w9d[ has a circle ( eight foliations 9 ! head3 & 9 ! apex ( ! gable is an equilat]al trefoil4 ,! next elem5t introduc$ 0 ! consid]ation ( ! ,six ,attributes ( ! ,deity4 ,"o ( ! simple/ examples 0 to be f\nd 9 ! we/ w9d[ ( ! nor? aisle ( ,s4 ,ni*olas1 at ,guild=d3 a pla9 circle1 conta9+ six tre-foils3 ^! are arrang$ 9 two tri-angles1 ea* conta9+ ?ree tre-foils1 & ! two sets are v>i$4 ,! cl]e/ory ( ,li*field ca!dral 7circ4 #acjj71 is a s]ies ( sph]ical tri-angles1 ea* conta9+ ?ree tre-foils4 ,a simil> cl]e/ory occurs 9 ! nor?-we/ transept ( ,h]e=d ca!dral1 & ! same idea is repeat$ 9 its tri=ium3 a s]ies ( ?ree tre-foil$ lights1 ) ?ree circles 9 ! head4 ,! ea/ end ( ,li*field symbolises mo/ /rik+ly ! same glori\s doctr9e4 ,! apse is tri-gonal3 ! w9d[s ( ea* side are ! same3 ea* is ( ?ree lights1 ) six tre-foils 7emblematical ( ! six attributes7 dispos$ above 9 ! =m ( an equilat]al tri-angle4 ,! ea/ end ( ,*i*e/] is r e>li]1 b introduces yet ano!r elem5t4 ,"h we h a triplet3 & at "s height above x1 a :eel-w9d[ ( sev5 circles3 symbolis+ !re=e et]nity & p]fection4 xcv ,! tri=ium & cl]e/ory ( ,c>lisle are s+ul> symbols ( ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,! =m] has 9 ea* bay ?ree adjac5t equal lancets4 ,! latt] is a s]ies ( triplets2 ! c5tral w9d[ 9 ea* be+ compos$ ( ?ree lights4 ,we may obs]ve1 by ! way1 t ?ree adjac5t equal lancets are h>dly ev] f\nd1 :atev] ! reason may be4 ,we "k b ( ?ree examples3 9 ! *ur*es ( ,bo%am1 ,sussex1 ,godalm+1 ,surrey1 & ,s4 ,m>y-le-,crypt1 ,gl\ce/]3 & 9 all ^! cases !y occupy ! same position1 ! s\? ea/ end ( ! *ancel1 or *ancel aisle4 ,dor*e/] *ur*1 ,ox=d%ire1 has = "o ( its w9d[s an equilat]al sph]ical triangle ) ?ree heads1 or knops1 "o at ea* angle4 ,we are n[ 9 a purely decorat$ age4 ,& z "o ( its e>lie/ w9d[s we may m5tion t 9 ! ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]'s ,palace at ,s\?w>k4 ,x 0 a :eel1 & conta9$ two int]sect+ equilat]al tri-angles3 ar\nd !m 7 six sex-foil$ triangles ! hexagon 9 ! c5tre conta9+ a /> ( six great] & six small] rays4 ,"h1 ( c\rse1 ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity & ! div9e & human natures 7 set =?4 ,footnote #ei ,footnote #ei3 ,we may p]haps be all[$ to say a few words "h on ! subject ( ^? s+ul> w9d[s :i* ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society has call$ ,ly*noscopes4 ,x appe>s1 t 9 ,e>ly ,engli% *ur*es1 ! we/]nmo/ w9d[ on ! s\? side ( ! *ancel is bo? l[] ?an1 & 9 o!r ways 7p>ticul>ly by a transom7 di/+ui%$ f ! re/4 ,x is sometimes m]ely a squ>e ap]ture1 z 9 "s *ur*es 9 ! ,weald ( ,sussex3 sometimes a small ogee-head$ light1 z 9 old ,%oreham3 sometimes1 :]e ! s\? side ( ! *ancel is light$ by a s]ies ( lancets1 ! we/]nmo/1 z 9 ,*idd+fold1 ,sussex1 is transom$1 :]e ! o!rs end1 & c>ri$ d[n l[]2 sometimes ! l[] "p appe>s to h be5 orig9ally block$1 z 9 ,kem]ton1 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 & ,k+/one next ,lewes1 ,sussex3 sometimes !re are rema9s ( clamps1 z at ,buckl&1 ,k5t1 sometimes ( %utt]s4 ,aga91 sometimes !re are two1 "o nor?1 ! o!r s\? ( ! *ancel3 sometimes ! same arrangem5t is f\nd ,s4,e4 ( ! nave4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is nev] f\nd 9 any b a p>i% *ur*3 nev] 9 late "w3 seldom is x ornam5t$4 ,we w give a few rem>kable in/ances4 ,i4 ,d9d]1 ,som]set%ire4 ,"h !re is a d\ble ly*noscope1 nor? & s\?3 ! date is late ,e>ly ,engli%1 & ! specim5 is unique f !re be+ a rude m\ld+ 9 ! w9d[ ar*4 #b4 ,o!ry1 ,som]set%ire4 ,! ly*noscope itself is "h block$3 x is squ>e-head$1 & ( two lights3 date probably ,e>ly ,decorat$4 ,! *ur* is cruci=m1 & a c5tral p]p5dicul> t[] 0 subsequ5tly erect$4 ,"o ( ! diagonal buttresses is ?r[n out at a di/ance ( "s ?ree feet f ! w9d[1 s z to hide x3 & an oblique squ>e hole has be5 cut ?r\gh ! masonry ( ! buttress4 ,?is is ! m rem>kable1 because !re are /alls 9 ! *ancel1 ( p]p5dicul> "w1 :i* w\ld seem to r5d] any w9d[ 9 t position useless4 #c4 ,*ri/on1 ,som]set%ire4 ,"h1 almo/ close to ! gr\nd1 is a horizontal slit :i* appe>s nev] to h be5 glaz$4 ,?is is an e>ly ,norman *ur*4 ,s at ,albury1 ,surrey1 at ! ,s4,e4 end ( ! s\? aisle4 #d4 ,s4 ,appoll9e1 ,gu]nsey4 ,?is *ur* is ( ! same date z1 or may be e>li] ?an1 ! la/4 ,! w9d[s are rude & squ>e-head$ slits3 ! ly*noscope is transom$4 #e4 ,pre/on1 ,sussex4 ,!re are ?ree w9d[s 9 ! s\? ( ! *ancel1 :i* rise "o above ! o!r1 l s$ilia1 to ! ea/4 #f4 ,loxton1 ,som]set%ire4 ,?is is an ,e>ly ,engli% *ur* ) a s\? we/]n t[] s]v+ z por*4 ,f ! ea/]n side ( ?is a long slit is c>ri$ ?r\gh ! nave wall1 a di/ance ( "s tw5ty feet1 & exactly comm&+ a view ( ! alt>4 ,x is grat$ at ! we/ end1 n glaz$3 ! ea/]n end has long be5 block$ up4 ,way is made = x by a bulge ( ! wall 9 ! angle =m$ t[>ds ! ea/ by ! t[] & nave4 ,?is seems to =m a k9d ( connect+ l9k betwe5 ! hagioscope & ! ly*noscope4 ,) ^! w9d[s we w v5ture to connect ^? extremely r>e ones1 ?ree adjac5t1 unconnect$1 equal1 lancets1 z occurr+ ( ! same date at ! same position4 ,!re is aga9 ano!r k9d ( ly*noscope only f\nd :]e ! *ancel has aisles4 ,a panel ( ! p>close1 or wood5 scre51 beh9d ! longitud9al /alls1 is sometimes f\nd pi]c$ ) a small quatrefoil1 at ! ,s4,w4 "p ( ! *ancel4 ,?is is vulg>ly call$ a confessional4 ,x seems1 h[ev]1 cle>ly connect$ ) ! ly*noscope4 ,examples are f\nd at ,eri?1 ,k5t1 & ,sundridge 9 ! same c\nty4 ,p]haps also ! curi\s slit 9 ! s\? wall ( ! *ancel ( ,s4 ,mi*ael's *ur*1 ,cambridge1 communicat+ ) a s\? *antry *apel is ano!r v>iety4 ,f ! above facts we d$uce ! foll[+ rem>ks3 #a4 ,t ! necessity = a ly*noscope mu/ 9 "s cases h be5 v urg5t3 z may be prov$ by ! example1 at ,o!ry1 :]e a buttress is mu* injur$ to =m "o4 #b4 ,b yet ?is ne$ 0 n univ]sal1 because !re are _m *ur*es 9 :i* ! arrangem5t does n occur4 #c4 ,t x appe>s1 /rictly speak+1 a p>o*ial arrangem5t1 n be+ f\nd 9 ca!dral or collegiate *ur*es4 #d4 ,t small] build+s r ?an l>g] are m>k$ ) x3 x seldom occurs :]e !re are aisles to ! *ancel4 #e4 ,t1 :]e employ$1 ly*noscopes 7 only us$ occasionally2 else ! %utt]s :i* h evid5tly sometimes exi/$1 w\ld h be5 useless4 #f4 ,t !y are v seldom ornam5t$1 & nev] h /a9$ glass4 #g4 ,t 9 ! ,p]p5dicul> era !y g5]ally1 ?\gh n univ]sally1 ceas$ to be us$4 #h4 ,t1 a l>ge sill seems to h be5 a requisite to !m4 #i4 ,t1 :]e ! upp] "p is glaz$1 ! l[] "p (t5 0 n1 z 9 ! ,decorat$ ly*noscope at ,beck=d1 ,gl\ce/]%ire4 ,! pr9cipal hypo!ses to expla9 ! use ( ?is arrangem5t are3 #a4 ,dr4 ,rock's4 ,t x 0 a contrivance by :i* lep]s might see ! ,elevation ( ! ,ho/4 ,b ! /ructure ( ! great] "p ( ^! w9d[s =bids ?is idea3 _m in/ances occur 9 :i* x is splay$ away f ! ,alt>1 none 7except t at ,loxton1 & a d\btful case at ,w9scombe1 ,som]set%ire1 :]e a p]p5dicul> addition has be5 made7 9 :i* x is splay$ t[>ds x4 #b4 ,t ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society1 t x 0 = wat*+ ! ,pas*al light4 ,b ?is1 besides be+ priori improbable is refut$ by t at ,o!ry4 ,"h ! eye has to look ?r\gh two ap]tures at "s di/ance f ea* o!r1 & !re=e c comm& only a v small field on exactly ! opposite side ( ! *ancel4 #c4 ,x has be5 imag9$ by "s t x 0 = confession4 ,! idea ( confession ne> an alt> suffici5tly refutes itself2 b fur!rmore1 "s ( ^! op5+s are s v l[ d[n t ! ?+ w\ld be impossible4 ,two solit>y facts m1 ?\gh !y ?r[ no light on ! subject1 may yet be m5tion$4 #a4 ,9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,am>o1 ne> ,fun*al1 9 ,madeira1 is a grat+ at ! we/-end l t at ,loxton4 ,its use is n[ said to be to cool ! *ur*1 ?\gh 9 t case "o %\ld h expect$ to meet x else:]e4 #b4 ,9 ,s5n5 *ur* by ! ,l&'s ,end1 !re is said to h be5 a ly*noscope 7n[ no long] exi/+7 us$ to take 9 ! ti!-milk4 ,we may ga!r on ! :ole1 #a4 t ly*noscopes c\ld n h be5 us$ to look into a *ur* #b4 ,nor to h& any?+ 9 or out4 ,bo? ^! are suffici5tly disprov$ by ,o!ry1 #c4 ,nor to speak ?r\gh4 ,b "o c h>dly imag9e any o!r use1 except x 7 to look out ( ! *ur*4 ,we are incl9$ to ?9k t x 0 9 "s way connect$ ) ! r++ ( ! bells1 or ( ! sancte bell4 ,:]e ! t[] is c5tral1 we v (t5 f9d x3 z at ,old ,%oreham & ,alfri/on1 ,sussex3 at ,loxton x is evid5tly = "s purpose connect$ ) ! t[]4 ,s 9 ,beck=d1 :i* has a c5tral t[]2 & ,uff+ton1 ,b]ks1 a cross *ur*4 ,& ! place :]e ! sancte bell 0 rung is exactly betwe5 a d\ble ly*noscope4 ,b :at ! p>ticul> use might h be5 we w n pret5d to guess4 ,we w conclude ?is long note by a "q z to ! au?ority = call+ ! small *ancel door1 ! ,prie/'s ,door4 ,x is nev] 7orig9ally7 furni%$ ) a lock1 b always ) an int]ior b>1 ?us %[+ t x c\ld only h be5 us$ f ! inside4 ,s ! prie/ c\ld nev] h ent]$ ! *ur* by ?is way1 unless ! door 7 previ\sly op5$ = him4 ,end footnote xcvi ,! symbolism ( ! m complicat$ decorat$ w9d[s x is next to impossible to expla94 ,c>lisle & ,york h d\btless _! appropriate mean+2 b :o w n[ pret5d to exp\nd x8 xcvii ,"o exception we may make3--! ea/ w9d[ ( ,bri/ol ca!dral4 ,x is ( sev5 lights1 b s mu* prom95ce is giv5 to ! ?ree c5tral ones1 z /rongly to set =? ! ,mo/ ,holy ,tr9ity3 ov] !m is a cr[n ( six leaves & by ! num]\s w+$ foliations ar\nd !m1 ! ,heav5ly ,hi]>*y may1 v probably1 be und]/ood4 xcviii ,,ii4 ,doors ,dur&us has giv5 u a clue to ! symbolical mean+ :i* ^! g5]ally pres5t1 by direct+ our att5tion to t say+ ( our ,"l's1 ,i am ! door4 ,& ?is1 utt]$ z tradition reports x to h be51 9 ref]5ce to ! ,gate ( ! ,temple1 on :i* ! ,savi\r's eyes 7 !n fix$1 gives additional =ce to ! allusion4 ,9 small *ur*es1 doors are seldom ! subject ( mu* symbolical ornam5t1 except 9 ! ,norman /yle2 b 9 ca!drals1 "s ( ! mo/ /rik+ly figurative arrangem5ts are (t5 ?r[n into !m4 ,! ,p]son1 ! ,miracles1 or ! ,doctr9es ( our ,"l are "h frequ5tly set =?4 ,he is sometimes1 especially 9 ! tympanum ( ,norman doors1 z at ,egleton 9 ,rutl&1 repres5t$ z describ$ 9 ! ,apocalyptic vision2 ) a sword 9 ,8 m\?4 ,m frequ5tly1 h[ev]1 ) ,8 ,bless$ ,"m2 9 ord]1 p]haps1 to connect ,8 entrance into ! _w ) ours into ! ,*ur*1 :i* ,he !reby ga!r$ toge!r4 ,?is 9 ! s\? entrance ( ,l9coln m9/]1 is enclos$ 9 a quatre-foil3 because ! bir? ( ,*ri/ is ann\nc$ by ! f\r evangeli/s2 & angels are repres5t$ ar\nd x 9 attitudes ( adoration4 ,a s+ul>1 & inde$ irrev]5t symbol1 is to be se5 9 a door ( ,lisieux *ur*3 ! ,holy ,gho/ desc5d+ on ! ,bless$ ,virg91 & ! infant ,savi\r foll[+ ,him4 ,9 ! entrance to ! cloi/]s ( ,norwi* ca!dral1 ! door ar* is fill$ by n9e ni*es1 ! c5tral "o be+ occupi$ by ! ,savi\r1 ! o!rs by sa9ts4 ,b ?is arrangem5t is mu* m common 9 ,fr5* *ur*es3 :]e two1 or ev5 ?ree r[s ( sa9ts 9 ! ar*itrave are n uncommon3 witness ! s\? & we/ doors ( ,s4 ,g]ma91 at ,ami5s1 & a we/ door ( ,s4 ,eti5ne1 at ,beauvais4 xcix ,?is is sometimes1 9 late ,flamboyant "w1 c>ri$ to an absurd ext5t3 9 a s\? door ( ,gisors1 two ni*es actually hang d[n out ( ! s(fit4 ,e>ly ,engli% doors are g5]ally d\ble1 !reby repres5t+ ! ,two ,natures ( our ,savi\r3 b embrac$ by "o ar*1 to set =? ,8 ,"o ,p]son4 ,s ! celebrat$ door 9 ,s\?well m9/]3 ! we/ door 9 ! ,galilee ( ,ely ca!dral3 ! entrance to ! *apt] ,h\se1 at ,salisbury2 ! we/ door ( ! same3 s ! decorat$ we/ door ( ,york2 s ! door to ! ,*apt] ,h\se !re1 ( :i* ! inscription truly says3 ,ut ,rosa ,phlos phlorum1 sic e/ domus i/a ,domorum3s ! we/ door & entrance to ! ,*apt] ,h\se ( ,wells4 ,! we/ door ( ,higham ,f]r>s has ! ,savi\r's triumphal entrance into ,j]usalem1 ov] ! d\ble we/]n doors4 ,& ?is is ! case 9 "o ( ! doors ( ,seville ca!dral4 ,bo? ^! connect ! ideas ( ,8 entrance into ! temporal1 ) t ( ours into ! spiritual1 ,j]usalem4 ,9 ^! symbolical doorways1 we h "o pro( ( ! immeasurable sup]iority ( ,engli% ov] ,fr5* ar*itecture3 comp>e any ( ! above nam$ ) ! celebrat$ we/ door ( ,ami5s1 ) its tw5ty-two sov]eigns 9 its s(fit4 ,aga91 by way ( contra/ to ! second ,adam1 by :om we ent] into ,heav51 we sometimes1 especially 9 ,norman *ur*es1 h ! ,=bidd5 ,tree1 ) ,adam & ,eve 9 ! tympanum3 sett+ =? ! "o man by :om s9 ent]$ into ! _w4 ,! ,crucifixion seldom occurs ov] doors3 :ile ov] por*es a crucifix is v common4 ,! cause ( ! diff]5ce is expla9$ by a consid]ation t ! =m] are %ut1 ! latt] op53 & ':5 ,?\ had/ ov]come ! %>pness ( ,dea?1 ,?\ did/ op5 ! k+dom ( heav5 to all believ]s4' ,inde$ x may almo/ be ass]t$ t a crucifix is nev] se5 ov] a c clos$ door1 except :]e x =ms a "p ( ! usual repres5tation ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,= ! ,tr9ity is also1 9 ,norman *ur*es1 !re repres5t$3 & t n inappropriately3 inasmu* z ! ,tr9ity is ! beg9n+ ( all ?+s4 ,a ,holy ,lamb is sometimes f\nd 9 ,norman tympana3 z sai? ! ,savi\r1 ,i am ! door ( ! %eep4 ,a ha/y glance at ,dur&us ,footnote #fj might lead u to imag9e t we %\ld f9d ! ,apo/les set =? "u ! similitude ( doors3 b he !re probably ref]s to ! well-kn[n passage 9 ! ,apocalypse4 ,apoc4 xxi1 #ad4 ,footnote #fj3 ,dur&4 i1 #bf4 ,?is h[ev] leads u to ano!r1 & t a totally diff]5t1 mean+ atta*$ to doors4 ,we h already notic$ ! fact1 t _m ,norman & ,e>ly ,engli% m\ld+s ref] to v>i\s k9ds ( m>tyrdom3 ^? :i* d s occur m frequ5tly on doors ?an any:]e else2 = x is writt51 ',we mu/ ?r\gh mu* tribulation ent] into ! k+dom ( ,god4' ,& "h we may obs]ve a v curi\s & beautiful progression 9 symbolism4 ,9 ! e>ly ages ( ,*ri/ianity1 x 0 a matt] requir+ no small c\rage to make an op5 pr(ession ( ,*ri/ianity1 to jo9 "o's self to ! ,*ur* ,militant3--& ?is fact has left its impress 9 ! v>i\s repres5tations ( m>tyrdom surr\nd+ ! nave-doors ( ,norman & ! fir/ /age ( ,e>ly ,engli% *ur*es3 z well z 9 ! frightful =ms :i* seem to det] ^? :o w\ld ent]4 ,b 9 process ( "t1 z ! _w became evangelis$1 to be a memb] ( ! visible ,*ur* 0 an easy matt]3 ! difficulty 0 transf]r$ f an entrance into t1 to ! s liv+1 z to h "p 9 ! ,communion ( ,sa9ts3--9 o!r words1 to an entrance into ! ,*ur* ,triumphant4 ,& !re=e 9 late ,e>ly ,engli%1 & ,decorat$1 ! symbols :i* _h occupi$ ! nave-doors 9 ! =m] p]iod1 are n[ transf]r$ to ! *ancel ar*4 ci ,! diff]5t agricultural op]ations1 ! signs ( ! zodiac1 & occupations ( v>i\s k9ds1 sometimes f\nd on ! outside ( ,norman doors1 signify t we mu/ turn our backs on1 & leave beh9d u1 all worldly c>es & employm5ts1 if we w\ld ent] into ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,9 lat] por*es1 true love knots are sometimes f\nd on ! bosses3 because "p ( ! s]vice ( ,holy ,matrimony 0 p]=m$ !re4 ,! s]p5t1 9 :i* ! h&le is s univ]sally fa%ion$1 has probably ref]5ce to t text1 ',!y %all lay _! h&s ^u s]p5ts1' to signify t ,god's arm w protect u1 :5 engag+1 or ab\t to engage 91 ,8 s]vice4 ,= ! s]p5t ) 8 tail 9 8 m\? is n a ,*ri/ian1 & inde$ by no means a desirable1 emblem ( et]nity1 & !re=e ! door h&le _c be s int]pret$4 ,! doors are ( c\rse plac$ ne> ! we/ end3 = x is only by way ( ! ,*ur* ,militant t we c hope to ent] ! ,*ur* ,triumphant4 ,"o door1 inde$1 ! prie/'s door1 conducts at once into ! *ancel4 ,dur&us is probably "r 9 int]pret+ ?is ( ,*ri/'s com+ into ! _w2 ?\gh x involves a little confusion ( symbolism1 inasmu* z ! *ancel1 prop]ly speak+1 d5otes ! bless$ place :i* ,he left3 n ! abode to :i* he came4 ,x is to be not$ z an in/ance ( ! decl9e ( symbolism 9 ! ,p]p5dicul> age1 t 9 *ur*es :i* h aisles to ! *ancel ( t date1 we sometimes1 z at ,bitton1 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 ,godalm+1 ,surrey1 & ,wivelsfield & ,isfield1 ,sussex1 f9d an entrance at ! ea/ end ( ! s\? aisle4 ,?\gh us$ z a prie/'s door1 ?is is entirely to be blam$3 :at %all we say !n ( mod]n *ur*es1 :i* h two doors at ! ea/ end1 "o on cii ea* side ( ! alt>1 z ,*ri/*ur*1 ,brighton8 ,9 ,seville ca!dral1 a late1 al?\gh f9e flamboyant build+1 !re are l>ge doors at ! ea/ end ( ea* *oir aisle4 ,por*es are usually on ! s\? side4 ,= z ! ea/ 0 consid]$ 9 an especial mann] connect$ ) ! ,k+dom ( ,heav51 s 0 ! nor? imag9$ to be "u ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,p[] ( ! ,air4 ,x is curi\s h[ diametrically oppos$ 9 bo? ^! ideas 7 ,*ri/ianity & ,paganism4 ,= z by ! latt] ! we/ 0 kn[n z '! bett] c\ntry1 :]e lay ! ,isles ( ! ,ble/ 9 _! abundant peace1' s 9 ! nor? dwelt ! dea?less & ageless ,hyp]boreans3 ^: /ate 0 ! model ( good gov]nm5t & secure happ9ess4 ,t ! belief ( our ance/ors is n yet ext9ct1 a v slight k ( our c\ntry *ur*y>ds w prove3 ! nor? side ( ! *ur*y>d has g5]ally n m ?an "o or two graves4 ,to be buri$ !re is1 9 ! language ( our ea/]n c\nties1 to be buri$ out ( ,sanctu>y3 & ! spot is appropriat$ to suicides1 unbaptis$ p]sons1 & excommunicates4 ,a p>ticul> portion is1 9 "s *ur*y>ds ( ,devon%ire1 sep>at$ = ! second class & call$ ! *risom]4 ,:]e ! contr>y is ! case1 x may be wor? inquir+ h[ f> x does n arise f ! accid5tal position ( ! ,*ur*y>d ,cross on ! nor? side4 ,!re ! spell seems brok53 & ! villag]s' graves clu/] ar\nd x1 z if ! pres5ce ( t sacr$ symbol 7 a suffici5t protection to ! sleep+ du/4 ,a rem>kable in/ance ( ?is occurs at ,belleville1 betwe5 ,dieppe & ,abbeville1 9 ,norm&y4 ,! doors 9 ! transepts are1 9 small *ur*es1 almo/ inv>iably ea/ or we/3 mu* m frequ5tly ! latt]4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is probably n symbolical3 b an arrangem5t adopt$ to prev5t any resemblance 9 ! por*es & transepts3--& x is a rule :i* ne$s to be mu* impress$ on mod]n *ur* build]s4 ciii ,! rule z to ! we/]n position ( ! doors1 seems to apply g5]ally to ! *ur*y>d4 ,x is wor?y ( rem>k t 9 ! matt] ( doors1 ,prote/antism pres5ts u1 z is s frequ5tly ! case1 ) a v un9t5d$ piece ( symbolism4 ,:5 we see1 z 9 ! beautiful *ur* ( ,bisley1 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 ?irte5 diff]5t op5+s1 ) ext]nal /aircases1 made into ! *ur*1 ?r\gh w9d[s & else:]e1 c we =be> ?9k+ ( him :o come? n by ! doors into ! %eepfold1 b climbe? up "s o!r way8 ,,iii4 ,*ancel ,ar* & ,rood ,scre5 ,we come n[ to speak ( ! *ancel ar* & ! rood scre51 two ( ! mo/ important features 9 a *ur*4 ,^!1 z sep>at+ ! *oir f ! nave1 d5ote lit]ally ! sep>ation ( ! cl]gy f ! laity3 b symbolically ! division betwe5 ! ,militant & ,triumphant ,*ur*es3 t is to say1 ! ,dea? ( ! ,fai?ful4 ,! fir/ great symbol :i* sets ?is =?1 is ! ,triumphal ,cross3 ! ,image ( ,him ,footnote #fa :o by ,8 ,dea? _h ov]come ,dea?1 & has gone be=e ,8 p ?r\gh ! valley ( its %ad[4 ,footnote #fa3 ',let u consid] ,him1' says ,bi%op ,hall1 'n[1 aft] a we>y conflict ) ! ,devil1 look+ d[n f ! ,triumphal ,*>iot ( ! ,cross on ,8 ,*ur*4' ,! images ( ,sa9ts & ,m>tyrs appe> 9 ! l[] panell+1 z examples ( fai? & pati5ce to u4 ,! col\rs ( ! rood scre5 itself repres5t _! passion & victory3 ! crimson sets =? ! "o1 ! gold ! o!r4 ,! curi\s trac]y ( net-"w typifies ! obscure mann] 9 :i* heav5ly ?+s are set =?1 :ile we look at !m f ! ,*ur* ,militant4 ,& = z mu* z ! ,bless$ ,m>tyrs pass$ f ?is civ _w to ! next ?r\gh sore torm5ts1 ! m\ld+s ( ! *ancel ar* repres5t ! v>i\s k9ds ( suff]+s ?r\gh :i* !y w5t4 ,fai? 0 _! support1 & mu/ be ours3 & ,fai? is set =? ei!r 9 ! ab/ract1 by ! limpet m\ld+ on ! *ancel ar*2 or on ! scre51 z 9 ,bi%op's ,hull1 ,som]set%ire1 by ! ,cre$ 9 rais$ gilt lett]s3 or is repres5t$ by "s notable action ( :i* x 0 ! s\rce3 s 9 ,cleeve1 ,som]set%ire1 ! de/ruction ( a dragon runs along1 n only ! rood scre51 b ! nor? p>close also4 ,b 9 t ! p[] ( evil spirits may be ex]cis$ aga9/ u till we h left ?is _w1 b n aft]1 horrible =ms are sometimes sculptur$ 9 ! we/ side ( ! *ancel ar*4 ,! =ego+ rem>ks may p]haps expla9 :at has be5 felt by "s ecclesiologi/s z a difficulty3 h[ x happ5s1 s9ce ! *ancel is m highly ornam5t$ ?an ! nave1 t x is ! we/]n1 or nave side1 n ! ea/]n or *ancel side1 ( ! *ancel ar* :i* inv>iably receives ! greate/ %>e ( ornam5t4 ,! /raitness ( ! entrance to ! ,k+dom ( ,heav5 is set =? by ! excessive n>r[ness ( ,norman *ancel ar*es4 ,& ! f9al sep>ation ( ! ,*ur* ,triumphant f ev]y?+ t defile? 0 almo/ inv>iably repres5t$ by ! ,great ,doom pa9t$ 9 fresco ov] ! rood scre53 ( :i* !re are /ill sev]al examples1 z ! celebrat$ "o 9 ,tr9ity *ur*1 ,cov5try3 & _m m might be f\nd1 if ! :itewa% 9 t place 7 scrap$ (f4 ,& n only is ! judgm5t ( ! _w1 b t ( individuals "h set =?3 on ! s\? side ( ! *ancel wall ( ,pre/on *ur*1 ,sussex1 is a fresco ( ,s4 ,mi*ael weigh+ ! s\ls3 ! ,devil /&s by1 eag] to secure 8 prize1 b by ! int]v5tion ( ! ,bless$ ,virg91 ! scale prepond]ates 9 fav\r ( ! s9n]4 cv ,!re might probably be an alt> to ! ,bless$ ,virg9 "u ?is picture4 ,also de$s ( fai? are repres5t$ 9 simil> positions3 --s 9 ! same *ur* on ! nor? *ancel wall1 is ! fresco ( ! ,m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,?omas ( ,cant]bury4 ,we h already notic$ ! triplicity1 9 "s in/ances1 ( ,norman *ancel ar*es4 ,a v curi\s triple *ancel ar* is to be se5 at ,capel-le-,f]ne1 ,k5t4 ,we may also ref] to ^? s+ul> d\ble ones1 ,wells & ,f9$on1 & 9 ano!r mann]1 ,d>l+ton1 9 ,durham1 & ,b>ton1 9 ,cumb]l&4 ,x may be well1 f9ally1 to note ! entire abs5ce 9 ! gr\nd plans ( our *ur*es ( any ref]5ce to ,purgatory4 ,! only in/ance 9 :i* *ancel & nave are sep>at$ by any int]v5+ object1 is ! *antry ( ,bi%op ,arundell 9 ,*i*e/] ca!dral4 ,( ! triple division ( ! *ur* by two 7s to speak7 *ancel ar*es1 we h already spok54 ,,iv4 ,monum5ts ,we n[ proce$ to ,monum5tal ,symbolism4 ,b x w be prop] fir/ to consid] a v curi\s subject3 namely ! reason ( ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! p]sonages ) :i* ! effigies ( ! dep>t$ 7 ( old "t1 & are n[1 surr\nd$4 ,9 ! =m] case !y 7 always real3 ,our ,lady1 ,s4 ,john1 ,s4 ,pancras1 ,s4 ,aga?a1 & s on4 ,9 ! latt]1 !y are always allegorical3 ,fai?1 ,virtue1 ,c\rage1 ,eloqu5ce & ! l4 ,nay1 9 ! v gr\nd :i* is common to ! two--! repres5tations ( angels--we may obs]ve a great diff]5ce3 9 mod]n monum5ts any angel is repres5t$3 9 ^? ( anci5t date ! p>ticul> "o is (t5 nam$3 ,s4 ,gabriel1 ,s4 ,raphael1 etc4 ,n[ !re are1 we ?9k1 ?ree good reasons to be assign$ = ?is4 cvi ,i4 ,! enlight5$1 or 9 pla9] t]ms1 ! sceptical "* ( ! pres5t age4 ,unaccu/om$ to view any great examples ( h]oic devotion & self-sacrifice n[1 we naturally1 ?\gh sc>cely all[+ x to ourselves1 beg9 to d\bt :e!r !re ev] 7 any su*4 ,9 ?9k+ ( ,pati5ce1 our =efa!rs w\ld naturally h _h ,s4 ,v9c5t pres5t$ to _! m9d3 b we1 :o1 "s ( u h sc>cely he>d ( 8 "n1 & "s1 are totally ignorant ( 8 "*1 h ( c\rse no su* ideas sugge/$4 ,s aga91 :]e our ance/ors w\ld h repres5t$ ,s4 ,lawr5ce1 we cont5t ourselves ) a repres5tation ( ,fidelity4 ,& x is 9 accordance ) ?is easy & self-indulg5t age1 r to p]sonify a ?+1 :i* z hav+ nev] _h real exi/5ce1 _c be br\ght into comp>ison ) ourselves1 ?an by repres5t+ a really exi/+ p]son1 to run ! risk ( a contra/ betwe5 8 virtues & our own4 #b4 ,?is allegoris+ _s is m 9 accordance ) ! g5]al paganism ( our ar*itectural designs3 ?\gh1 be x obs]v$1 a feature ( ! v wor/ & mo/ corrupt /ate ( ,paganism4 ,x is wor? not+ t 9 hea!n c\ntries1 evil qualities h always be5 p]sonifi$ be=e good4 ,paganism l e o!r false sy/em1 became wor/ at its close4 ,9 ! e>ly times ( ,grecian my?ology ! attributes ( purity1 & tru?1 & m]cy1 7 s /rongly felt to reside 9 ! gods1 t a sep>ate p]sonification ( !m 0 ne$less3 :]eas /rife1 & viol5ce & fury1 qualities :i* _h no place 9 heav51 dem&$1 & obta9$ a sep>ate exi/5ce4 ,b 9 process ( "t1 :5 ! div9ities !mselves became inve/$ ) ! attributes ( s9ful humanity1 ! qualities ( goodness :i* 7 no long] suppos$ !irs1 f\nd sep>ate embodim5ts & expressions4 cvii #c4 ,we may assign z a reason = ! diff]5ce we h notic$ ! f> great] reality ) :i* our ance/ors look$ on ! connections subsi/+ betwe5 ourselves & ! o!r _w4 ,?us1 tempe/s & hurricanes1 :i* we coldly expla9 on philosophical pr9ciples1 !y consid]$ z directly proce$+ f ! viol5ce ( evil spirits3 ,footnote #fb --e>?quakes & volcanoes !y reg>d$ z outbreaks1 s to speak1 ( t place ( puni%m5t1 :i* !y believ$ locally situat$ )9 ! e>?3--diseases & pe/il5ces !y held to be ! imm$iate "w ( ! devil3 madness & lunacy 71 9 _! view1 synonym\s ) possession4 ,:e!r !irs1 z x c]ta9ly 0 ! mo/ pi\s1 7 n also ! mo/ philosophical view1 has be5 s ably discuss$ 9 ! ',*ur* ( ! ,fa!rs' "u ! *apt] ,s4 ,an?ony 9 ,conflict1 t we ne$ "h only allude to x4 ,b ! same _s l$ !m to adopt ! effigies ( ^? sa9ts :o _h be5 memb]s ( ! same ,*ur* ,militant ) !mselves1 & :o n[ 7 memb]s ( t ,triumphant ,*ur* :i* !y hop$ h]eaft] to jo93 & its contr>y leads u to adopt ! cold1 vague1 dreamy unsub/antialities ( allegorism4 ,footnote #fb3 ,a ,ma/] ( ,philosophy travell+ ) o!rs on ! way1 :5 a fe>ful ?und]/orm arose1 *eck$ ! fe> ( 8 fell[s1 & disc\rs$ to !m ( ! natural reasons ( t upro> 9 ! cl\ds1 & ^? sudd5 fla%es :]e) !y seem$ 7out ( ! ignorance ( causes7 to be too mu* affright$2 9 ! mid/ ( 8 philosophical disc\rse1 he 0 /ruck dead ) t dreadful eruption :i* he slight$4 ,:at c\ld ?is be b ! f+] ( t ,god ,:o w h ,8 works r ent]ta9$ ) wond] & trembl+ ?an ) curi\s scann+8 ,nei!r is x to be o!rwise 9 ^? viol5t hurricanes1 dev\r+ e>?quakes1 & m ?an ord9>y tempe/s1 & fi]y app>itions :i* we h se5 & he>d (2 = h[ev] !re be natural causes giv5 ( ! usual ev5ts ( ?is k9d1 yet no?+ h9d]s b ! ,almighty1 = ! manife/ations ( ,8 p[] & ju/ice1 may set spirits1 :e!r good or evil1 on "w1 to d ! same ?+s sometimes 9 m /ate & magnific5ce ( horror4--,bi%op ,hall1 ',! ,invisible ,_w1' sect4 vi4 ,! e>lie/ k9d ( monum5tal symbolism is t :i* repres5ts ! trade or pr(ession ( ! p]son commemorat$4 ,& ^! pr9cipally occur on ,lomb>dic slabs & ,dos d',anes4 ,! di/aff repres5ts cviii ! "m ( a family3 ,footnote #fc a pair ( gloves a glov]3 ,footnote #fd s we h a pair ( %e>s3 & ! l4 ,b ! ,cross con/antly appe>s2 & 9 a highly floriat$ =m3 sometimes at its foot are ?ree /eps repres5t+ ! ,m\nt3 sometimes a ,holy ,lamb4 ,footnote #fe ,& s ecclesia/ical p]sonages h _! appropriate symbols3 s ! *alice or ! r+ ,footnote #ff repres5ts a prie/3--ano!r type is ! h& rais$ 9 b5$iction ,footnote #fg ov] a *alice3 brasses ab\nd 9 symbolical imag]y4 ,! animal at ! feet v>ies ) ! v>y+ circum/ances ( ! deceas$3 a m>ri$ lady has ! dog1 ! emblem ( fidelity3 ) :i* we may comp>e ! spee* ( ,clytemne/ra1 ( h] abs5t ,"l1 ,footnote #fh ,greek text ,!re are1 d\btless1 in/ances 7!re is "o 9 ,bri/ol1 ,s4 ,pet]'s7 :]e ! unm>ri$ are s repres5t$3 b !y are v r>e1 & q 9 ! decl9e ( ! art4 ,! knight aga9 has1 g5]ally1 a t]ri] at 8 feet1 z ! emblem ( c\rage3 sometimes ! greyh\nd1 ,footnote #fi ! symbol ( spe$4 ,"l ,beaumont ,footnote #gj has an elephant3 x is a be>+ 9 8 coat-arm\r4 ,footnote #fc3 ,see on ?is subject an int]e/+ article 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& ,qu>t]ly1 = ,septemb]1 #ahda4 ,footnote #fd3 ,z 9 ,flet*+1 ,sussex4 ,footnote #fe3 ,z 9 ,lolwor?1 ,cambridge%ire4 ,footnote #ff3 ,z 9 ,s4 ,m>y1 ,ca/legate1 ,york4 ,footnote #fg3 ,z 9 ,h$on1 ,york%ire4 ,footnote #fh3 ,agamemnon1 #fjf4 7,ed4 ,d9dorf47 ,footnote #fi3 ,z 9 ,sir ,grey de ,groby1 ,s4 ,alban's4 ,footnote #gj3 ,engrav$ 9 ! #e? numb] ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society's ,illu/rations ( ,monum5tal ,brasses4 ,e>ly prie/s h a lion ,footnote #ga also at _! feet2 b ?is typifi$ _! trampl+ on ! devil3 z s]vants ( ,him conc]n+ :om x is writt51 ',& ! ,devil %all g =? be=e ,footnote #gb ,8 feet' ,!y h also a dragon = ! same reason4 ,& ?is position d\btless also has ref]5ce to ! v]se1 ',?\ %alt tread ^u ! lion ,footnote #gc & add]3 ! "y lion & ! dragon %alt ?\ trample "u feet4' ,9 ! decl9e ( ! art1 effigies h ! cre/ ( ! dep>t$ at _! feet4 ,footnote #ga3 ,z 9 ,watton1 ,h]ts1 & ,cott+ham1 ,york%ire4 ,footnote #gb3 ,habaccuc ,,iii4 v1 ,et egr$ietur diabolus ante p$es ejus4 ,footnote #gc3 ,psalm xc4 ,qui habitat4 cix ,:e!r ^? knights :o are repres5t$ ) cross$ legs are to be consid]$ z crusad]s1 or at lea/ z hav+ tak5 ! v[1 is a "q :i* has be5 mu* discuss$4 ,! g5]al belief seems n[ to be 9 ! negative3--& ,mr4 ,bloxam 9 8 "w on ,monum5tal ,ar*itecture gives x z 8 op9ion t ?is po/ure 0 *os5 by ! arti/1 = ! m graceful arrangem5t ( ! surcoat4 ,& x is to be rem>k$ t "s illum9ations1 z 9 ! ,life ( ,s4 ,edw>d ! ,confessor1 9 ! ,cambridge ,univ]sity ,libr>y1 repres5t ! knights z sitt+ cross legg$4 ,= our own "p we mu/ confess t we incl9e to ! old belief3--z bett] support$ by tradition1 & m 9 accordance ) ! g5]al pr9ciples ( ,ca?olic arti/s4 ,! knight's h& is sometimes repres5t$ z re/+ on ! hilt ( 8 sword3--or z x is call$ draw+ x4 ,we are a/oni%$ t a writ] 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,review %\ld fall into ?is popul> error3 especially :5 ! idea 0 completely oppos$ to ! :ole c\rse ( 8 argum5t4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ?is typifies ! accompli%m5t ( ! v[1 ! tak+ :i* 0 set =? by ! cross$ legs4 ,! contr>y--an act ( w> 9 ! ,h\se ( ,peace--is n = a mom5t to be ?\ght (4 ,z emblematical ( deep humility1 "s effigies are repres5t$ nak$3 "s 9 %r\ds3 "s1 z emaciat$ corpse3 & sometimes1 /ill m /rik+ly1 ! tomb w be divid$ into two p>titions3 & :ile ! dep>t$ appe>s 9 ri* ve/s1 & ) a gorge\s canopy above--bel[ !re is a skeleton1 or a worm eat5 figure4 ,!re is a rem>kable in/ance at ,tewkesbury1 9 ! c5otaph ( ! la/ ,"l ,abbot3 & we may ref] to ! monum5t ( ,william ,a%ton1 9 ,s4 ,john's ,college *apel1 ,cambridge4 cx ,! symbolism ( ecclesia/ics1 ly+ pr9cipally 9 _! ve/m5ts1 does n s mu* fall )9 ! scope ( ?is essay4 ,! same may be said ( ! allusion to ! ,holy ,tr9ity 9 ! b5$ictory attitude ( ! bi%op3 & ! di/9ction betwe5 ! mitr$ abbot & ! bi%op 9 ! =m] hold+ 8 pa/oral /aff ) ! crook inw>ds1 z signify+ 8 dom9ion to be int]nal1 i4e4 )9 8 own h\se2--! latt] outw>ds1 to set =? 8 ext]nal dom9ion ov] 8 diocese4 ,! reception ( ! s\l ( ! dep>t$ into ,abraham's bosom is (t5 repres5t$4 ,sometimes angels are be>+ x1 9 ! lik5ess ( a newborn *ild1 7a figure symbolical ( its hav+ n[ return$ into its baptismal /ate ( purity7 & pres5t+ x be=e ! ?rone4 ,! f\nd]s or rebuild]s ( *ur*es are kn[n by ! build+ :i* !y hold 9 _! h&s4 ,! c>v+ ( ! op5 seats is "o ( ^? p>ts ( ecclesia/ical symbolism1 :i* x is v h>d to expla94 ,! mon/]s :i* con/antly occur on !m may be p]haps reg>d$ z typical ( ! evil ?\ghts & bad passions :i* a life ( ease & re/ enc\rages1 & x w be obs]v$1 t 9 ! *oir1 a g5tl] class ( ideas (t5 is sugge/$3 we h "h fl[]s & fruit1 & birds mak+ _! ne/s1 & flocks fe$+4 ,!re1 are h[ev]1 c]ta9 o!r types to be f\nd "h1 & also 9 /r+ c\rses1 & corbel heads1 ( :i* we %all pres5tly speak 9 t]ms ( disapprobation4 ,no?+1 ) ?is exception1 %[s ! exub]ance & beauty ( ideas :i* di/+ui%$ ! ar*itects ( ! ages ( ,fai?--& ! dep? & v>iety ( ! scriptural k we are pleas$ to d5y !m--?an _! wood c>v+s4 ,footnote #gd ,footnote #gd3 ,! a/oni%+ scriptural k ( ,dur&us may be judg$ ( f ! ,index at ! end ( ! volume ( texts quot$ by him4 cxi ,!re is p]haps h>dly a scriptural subject :i* !y h n h&l$3 & x requires no small degree ( ecclesia/ical k to be able at all to compreh5d _m ( _! allusions3 :ile probably _m m are lo/ to u4 ,! ,annunciation is "o ( ! mo/ fav\rite topics4 ,! almond tree blossom+ 9 ! fl[] pot--! bud t]m9at+ 9 a cross or crucifix--! pray] desk at :i* ! ,bless$ ,virg9 kneels--! temple se5 9 ! di/ance--! ,holy ,dove desc5d+ on a ray ( light--^! are its g5]al accompanim5ts4 ,! desc5t ( our ,savi\r into hell--! deliv]y ( s\ls-- ',magnaque2 de magna pra$a petita domo3' ! visions ( ! ,apocalypse3 ! f9al doom3 ! passions & triumphs ( m>tyrs--all "h f9d _! expression4 ,v4 ,corbels1 ,gurgoyles1 ,poppy ,heads1 etc4 ,! corbels :i* occur 9 ! int]ior ( *ur*es g5]ally repres5t ! ,heav5ly ,ho/--(t5 ) v>i\s in/rum5ts ( music1 z if tak+ a %>e 9 ! devotions ( ! wor%ipp]s4 ,?is idea is mo/ fully & beautifully c>ri$ out 9 late p]p5dicul> ro(s3 :]e ! v>i\s ord]s ( ! heav5ly hi]>*y hov]1 ) out/ret*$ w+s1 ov] ! sacr$ build+--an idea evid5tly d]iv$ f ! *]ubim t spread _! w+s ov] ! ark1 & ! apo/le's explanation1 ':i* ?+s ! angels desire to look into4' ,(t51 h[ev]1 b5efactors to ! ,*ur* are "h portray$4 ,! gurgoyles1 on ! contr>y1 repres5t evil spirits z fly+ f ! holy walls3 ! hide\sness ( ! figures1 s (t51 by mod]n connoisseurs1 ridicul$ or blam$1 is !re=e n )\t its appropriate mean+4 cxii ,we mu/ n[ say a few words on ! lea/ pleas+ "p ( ! /udy ( symbolism3 we mean ! satirical repres5tations :i* record ! feuds betwe5 ! secul> & ! regul> cl]gy4 ,?us1 9 ! *ur*es ( ! =m]1 we h1 pr9cipally z /allwork1 figures ( a fox prea*+ to geese3 9 ^? ( ! latt] an ass's head "u a c[l3 or1 :i* is v frequ5t1 bo? 9 woodwork & z a gurgoyle1 ! c[l$ d\ble face4 ,z a specim5 ( ^! designs1 we may m5tion ! /alls ,footnote #ge 9 ,ea/ ,br5t1 ,som]set%ire4 ,a fox hung by a goose1 ) two cubs yelp+ at ! foot ( ! gall[s1 a monkey at pray]s1 ) an owl p]*$ ov] 8 head3 ano!r monkey hold+ a halb]t3 a fox ) mitre & /aff1 a "y fox 9 *a9s1 a bag ( money 9 8 "r paw1 & geese & cranes on ea* side4 ,to ^! objectionable devices we may add ^? :i* to u appe> simply pr(ane or indec5t3 ,footnote #gfsu* z ! baptism ( a dog 9 "o ( ! ,/am=d *ur*es1 & o!rs 9 ,nor?ampton1 ,s4 ,pet]'s1 ( ,norman date4 ,"o ( ! grosse/ :i* we h ev] se5 is to be f\nd on ! nor? side ( ! *ancel ar* ( ,nailsea1 ,som]set%ire4 ,footnote #ge3 ,rutt]'s ,del9eations1 p4 #hi4 ,footnote #gf3 ,x is fair to obs]ve t our designat+ !m s may be ! effect ( our own ignorance4 ,on ! t[]s ( "s ,norman *ur*es1 ! evangeli/ic symbols are repres5t$4 ,s 9 ,/[ *ur*1 ,l9coln%ire4 ,tiles ought n to h ! cross on !m3 = ?\gh ,*ri/ is inde$ ! f\ndation ( ! ,*ur*1 yet ^! holy symbols %\ld n be expos$ to be trodd5 "u foot4 ,h]aldic devices are "h m prop]1 to signify ! wor?lessness ( worldly hon\rs 9 ! sight ( ,god4 cxiii ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,"s ,,objections ,,consid]$ ,sev]al objections to ! symbolical sy/em h be5 notic$ & answ]$ 9 ! c\rse ( ?is treatise4 ,we %all1 h[ev]1 devote a great] space to ! consid]ation ( "o difficulty :i* has (t5 be5 rais$ by oppon5ts1 & has (t5 be5 felt ev5 by su* z h adopt$ ! !ory4 ,x is said1 = example1 t to ass]t ! nave & two aisles1 or a triplet ( lancets1 to be symbolical ( ! ,mo/ ,holy ,tr9ity1 is bo? false & pr(ane1 :51 z is almo/ always ! case1 ! aisles are mu* less broad ?an ! nave1 & ! ?ree lancets are unequal bo? 9 height & bread?3 :]eas 9 ! ,tr9ity none is a=e or aft] o!r1 none is great] or less ?an ano!r4 ,b ! difficulty seems only to arise f c>ry+ ! similitude too f>3 ! po9t ( resemblance is 9 ^! cases a s+le "o3 ! m]e tr9ity ( ! arrangem5t is ! only p>ticul> :i* gives rise to ! symbol4 ',?ree my/ic l9es approa* ! %r9e1' s+s ! poet ( ! ,*ri/ian ye> = ,tr9ity ,sunday4 ,! numb] alone is answ]able = ! emblem4 ,we d n d5y t an equilat]al triangle is a m p]fect symbol ( ! ,bless$ ,tr9ity3 b ev5 "h a capti\s man might object to ! emblem1 because ! angles ga9 great] or less prom95ce accord+ to ! position 9 :i* ! triangle is plac$4 cxiv ,! ,ca?olic monogram ( ! ,tr9ity1 = example1 assigns to ! ,fa!r & ! ,son ! upp] angles ( a triangle /&+ on ! ?ird po9t4 ,on ! o!r h& ! mod]n triangle1 g5]ally *>g$ ) ! ,hebrew ^w ,jehovah1 has ! ?ird angle upp]mo/4 ,we c q conceive ^! diff]5ces be+ ?\ght objectionable4 ,! case is n s /rong inde$ z :5 ! ?ree memb]s are unequal1 b /ill x is ! same 9 k9d & 9 reality4 ,x is a condition ( emblems t ! po9ts ( similitude mu/ n be press$ too f>4 ,! mat]ial ,sun inde$ typifies ! ,sun ( ,righte\sness3 b 9 :at p>ticul>s8 9 its be+ creat$1 9 its ris+ on ! d>k _w e day1 9 its be+ matt]8 ,surely n3 b 9 ?is "o po9t1 t x br+s light & heat to ! e>?4 ,i am ! ,door1 said our ,"l4 ,9 :at p>ticul>s1 we may aga9 ask8 ,x w\ld be pr(ane to %[ by examples t x is only 9 ?is po9t3 t a door is = entrance into a mat]ial h\se j z we ent] into ! ,*ur* ?r\gh ,*ri/4 ,! ark1 our ,*ur* tea*es u1 0 an emblem ( ! ,*ur*3 n 9 its human build+1 nor 9 its f9al p]i%+2 b 9 t x sav$ s\ls by wat]4 ,did ! ,pas*al ,lamb typify ! ,immaculate ,victim 9 any ?+ m ?an its comp>ative purity & its bloody dea?8 ,we ne$ n multiply su* examples4 ,b !re is ano!r consid]ation to be adduc$4 ,our ,"l's own p>ables mu/ n be press$ too f>4 ,! hi/ory ( ! five wise & five fooli% virg9s1 mu/ n be adduc$ to prove t ! numb] ( ! lo/ w equal t ( ! sav$4 ,?is may be dang]\s gr\nd1 b ! ass]tion is true4 ,e p>able is figurative to a c]ta9 po9t1 & no fur!r4 ,n t !re is mu* dang] ( p]sons n kn[+ :]e ! l9e is to be drawn3 any m ?an !re w\ld be 9 ! case ( cxv "o ( a rev]5t m9d1 :o 0 told t ! triplicity ( aisles & w9d[s typifi$ a great doctr9e4 ,! ,briti% ,critic made a v j obs]vation on ?is po9t1 t x argu$ a great bl9dness ( spiritual vision to d5y su* an emblem1 because ! similitude 0 n complete 9 all po9ts4 ,inde$ if all po9ts answ]$ s closely & exactly to ea* o!r1 x is n cle> h[ a similitude w\ld diff] f a fac-simile4 ,! v notion ( a ?+ be+ l ano!r involves ! fact t ! two are n id5tical4 ,no?+ m is f\nd or expect$1 ?an a simil>ity1 an analogy1 9 c]ta9 qualities4 ,= 9 all symbolism x is quality & n ess5ce 9 :i* resemblance is s\ght4 ,:i* leads u to consid] ano!r objection sometimes urg$ to ! effect t if a ?+ mean "o ?+ x _c mean ano!r4 ,= example1 if ! nave & aisles repres5t ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 !y _c also repres5t ! ,*ur* ,militant "h on e>?1 or 9 ano!r po9t ( view ! true fold4 ,aga91 if ! pi]s & ar*es set =? ! f\ndation ( ! apo/les & prophets1 !y mu/ n be> a "p 9 ! repres5tation ( ! ,tr9ity toge!r ) ! cl]i/ory & tri=ium4 ,b ?is difficulty vani%es if we rememb] t ! resemblance1 = ! mo/ "p1 is d]iv$ f gr\p+ indep5d5t ?+s toge!r & view+ !m 9 a p>ticul> light4 ,we d n d5y ! real ess5tial symbolism ( a mat]ial result3 b ?is its p>ticul> significancy ne$ n obtrude itself at all times3 ! ?+ itself 9 o!r comb9ations1 & view$ "u o!r aspects1 may acquire an additional & occasional mean+4 ,= example1 x is ! union ( ! rose1 ?i/le1 & %amrock1 :i* is ! emblem ( our ,unit$ ,empire3 !y h ea* _! own figurative s5se2 9 comb9ation !y acquire a new mean+4 ,! h>p is n less ! emblem ( ,irel&1 because x mu/ prim>ily repres5t music4 cxvi ,leav5 0 ( old ! symbol ( wick$ness3 our ,"l spake ( ! leav5 ( ! ,scribes & ,ph>isees3 yet we he> f ,8 own lips1 ,! k+dom ( heav5 is l unto leav54 ,footnote #gg ,footnote #gg3 ,we h ! highe/ au?ority = believ+ t "o type c symbolise two ?+s q indep5d5t ( ea* o!r1 9 t ! ,jewi% ,sabba?1 comm&$ f ,s9ai to be obs]v$ 9 commemoration ( ! ,re/ aft] ! ,creation1 is en=c$ 9 ,deut]onomy z ! repres5tation ( ! re/ ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel f ,egyptian bondage4 ',rememb]1' says ,moses1 't ?\ wa/ a s]vant 9 ! l& ( ,egypt1 & t ! ,"l ?y ,god br\ght !e out !nce ?r\gh a mighty h& & by a /ret*$ out arm3 !re=e ! ,"l ?y ,god comm&$ !e to keep ! ,sabba? day4'--,deut4 v1 #ae4 ,ano!r objection is z foll[s3 ,if ?is !ory be true1 h[ w y acc\nt = *ur*es ) no?+ b a nave1 or ) only "o aisle2 h[ = *ur*es ) nei!r cl]i/ory nor tri=io2 or1 on ! o!r h&1 = ^? ) d\ble tri=ia1 or ) f\r or five aisles8 ,n[ we nev] ass]t$ t x 0 necess>y t all1 or inde$ any1 giv5 ?+s %\ld be int5tionally symbolis$4 ,we h po9t$ out t "s ?+s are ess5tially symbolical2 o!rs accid5tally & occasionally4 ,we might attempt to classify :at mu/ be symbolis$ 9 *ur* build+1 & :at may be4 ,b we decl9e to d s because we d n ?9k t ! pr9ciples ( symbolism are yet suffici5tly inve/igat$ or appreh5d$4 ,h[ev]1 9 a g5]al way1 e build+ mu/1 f ! nature ( ?+s1 h "s accid5ts1 z ( mat]ial1 ( p>ts1 ( plan2 e p>ticul> build+ mu/ h p>ticul> accid5ts1 z ( use & purpose4 ,^! accid5ts mu/ be symbolical1 f _! nature1 9 a g5]al way3 !y may d]ive1 f purpose add$ to _! nature1 a fur!r or modifi$ symbolism 9 a p>ticul> way4 ,) ! fir/ sort x is t ,dur&us *iefly conc]ns himself ,a build+ mu/ h walls1 mu/ h ro(1 pi]s1 w9d[s1 corn]s1 & floor4 ,= ea* !n he f9ds a mean+4 cxvii ,he does n q neglect ! second sort4 ,e>ly ,engli% w9d[s mu/ h a splay3 ! spire may h a wea!rcock3 = ^! !n !re is an appropriate signification4 ,s we d n mean to insi/ t c]ta9 ?+s %all be symbolis$1 we say !y may be symbolis$4 ,p]haps :5 m is kn[n1 we %all be able to criticise anci5t build+s1 to %[ _! faults or _! %ortcom+s 9 ?is p>ticul>4 ,z x is1 we h fram$ a sort ( beau ideal ( a *ur*1 fully =m$ & develop$1 :i* we %\ld propose z a p]fect model4 ,we are n qualifi$ z yet to blame ! anci5t *ur*es :i* d n come up to ?is ideal1 b we _c be wrong 9 prais+ su* z d4 ,9 discuss+ ,mr4 ,lewis's illu/rations ( ,kilpeck *ur*1 we t\*$ ^u ! ,basilican orig9 ( *ur*es consid]$ z an argum5t aga9/ ! reception ( ! symbolical !ory4 ,our la/ rem>ks w apply to ! same "q4 ,x has be5 ?\ght q suffici5t gr\nd = turn+ into ridicule ! :ole pr9ciple1 t ! ,roman ju/ice halls _h ?ree or m aisles1 or t a b>n or banquett+ room may h ?ree longitud9al divisions4 ,b :at if me*anical conv5i5ce sugge/$ ! arrangem5t8 7?\gh we d n grant ?is74 ,x is cle> t _m *ur*es1 _m b>ns1 & _m refectories h nev] _h a triple arrangem5t4 ,x has nev] be5 ass]t$ t e *ur* %all h nave & aisles3 b if a *ur* has nave & aisles x w be symbolical ( a great doctr9e2 & = ?is reason x is bett] = a *ur* to h nave & aisles4 ,:y d n su* writ]s argue t ! cross =m is n symbolical1 because _m b>ns are cruci=m8 ,n[ x is in/ructive to obs]ve t !re is a great & obvi\s utilit>ian advantage 9 ?is %ape = a b>n3 b n 9 ! case ( *ur*es z anci5tly arrang$2 9 :i* ! transepts 7 utt]ly useless = ! cxviii accommodation ( wor%ipp]s2 & 9 :i* !re is a me*anical evil 7z be=e m5tion$7 f ! lat]al pressure on ! lant]n pi]s4 ,yet x is und5iable t ! cross =m 0 *os5 = its symbolical mean+3 & ?is 9 spite ( me*anical disadvantages4 ,a me*anical reason fails "h1 z 9 ! =m] case1 9 acc\nt+ = ! fact4 ,h[ w !y acc\nt = ! cross =m8 ,_! own argum5t tells aga9/ !m4 ,we may /ill fur!r rem>k t 9 mod]n times we h _h "s curi\s practical lessons ^u ?is cross =m4 ,messrs ,britton & ,hosk+1 9 _! atroci\s plan = re>rang+ ,s4 ,m>y ,r$cliffe *ur*1 unwitt+ly te/ifi$ to ! inconv5i5ce1 & want ( any utilit>ian end1 ( ?is plan by plac+ ! pulpit "u ! lant]n1 & rang+ ! congregation 9 ! f\r arms s z to face x4 ,on ! o!r h&1 "s mod]n ar*itects confess$ly employ ! cross =m because x all[s ( p arrang$ z 9 ! la/ case1 all see+ ! prea*]4 ,b :y d !y n look deep] into ?+s8 ,:y h ! cross at all8 ,:y n h an amphi!atre1 an octagon1 an acc\/ically design$ ,me*anic's ,in/itute ,lecture ,room8 ,!n all c\ld he>1 all c\ld see mu* bett]1 & ! build+ w\ld n co/ half s mu*4 ,!y may ?9k t !y are design+ on utilit>ian pr9ciples4 ,9 tru? !y are unkn[+ly1 unwill+ly1 symbolis+ ! ,cross4 cxix ,,*apt] ,x ,,developm5t ,,( ,,symbolism ,x is n[ our int5tion to attempt a brief sket* ( ! hi/ory ( symbolism1 conf9+ ourselves to its rise1 progress1 & decl9e 9 ,engl&4 ,= ( its e>li] developm5t we h already _h occasion to speak1 bo? 9 ! fir/ & 9 ! eigh? *apt]1 :5 we ref]r$ to its use among ! primitive ,*ri/ians1 & to su* p>ticul>s ( in=mation z c\ld be ga9$ conc]n+ x f ! lat] fa!rs1 & f m$iaeval au?ors4 ,among all nations ! facts ( ,*ri/ianity h be5 receiv$ be=e its doctr9es4 ,! inhabitants ( a hea!n c\ntry are fir/ call$ on to believe1 z matt] ( hi/ory1 t our ,bless$ ,"l 0 conceiv$ by ! ,holy ,gho/1 born ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 suff]$ "u ,pontius ,pilate1 0 crucifi$1 dead1 & buri$1 be=e any attempt is made to set be=e !m ! doctr9e ( ! ,atonem5t1 ! my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity1 or ! compatibility ( ,god's =ekn[l$ge ) man's free action4 ,& x is 9 ! infancy ( individuals1 z 9 t ( nations4 ,we may !re=e1 f all analogy1 conclude1 t ! ?+s set =? 9 ! e>li] developm5t ( *ur* art w\ld be facts r ?an doctr9es4 cxx ,n[1 if we look to ,norman build+s1 we %all f9d ?is to be ! case4 ,except+ ! doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity 7:i*1 aft] all1 p]haps r ranks1 ?r\gh all ! /ages ( ,*ri/ian art1 "u ! head ( ess5tial1 ?an "u t ( int5d$ symbolism71 we %all f9d an almo/ exclusive ref]5ce to hi/ory1 9 arrangem5ts & details4 ,t ,god 0 ! ,creator ( heav5 & e>?1 is set =? 9 door m\ld+s1 & capitals1 sometimes by ! heav5ly con/ellations or signs ( ! zodiac1 sometimes by ! animals br\ght to ,adam to be nam$1 sometimes by ! ref]5ces to agriculture1 :i*1 z we h be=e se51 (t5 occur4 ,! ,inc>nation ( our ,savi\r is set =?1 z x has be5 already h9t$1 by repres5tations s physical & e>?ly1 z to be to our eyes almo/ pr(ane4 ,! ,fall ( ,man1 :i* appe>s on ! sides ( fonts1 well rem9ds u ( t /a9 :i* mu/ be wa%$ away 9 ,holy ,baptism4 ,a great _m ( ! ev5ts ( our ,"l's life are sculptur$ 9 v>i\s positions3 above all1 ( c\rse1 ,8 ,passion4 ,aga91 duties are symbolically repres5t$1 s 9 ! *ancel ar* ( ,egleton1 ,rutl&1 we h ! figure ( a deacon r++ a bell2 d\btless to rem9d ! wor%ipp]s ( ! duty ( att5d+ ,god's h\se4 ,& a /ill m practical me?od ( repres5t+ ! evil consequ5ces att5d+ ! brea* ( duty1 & "o :i* speaks mu* ( ! rud5ess ( ! age1 is :]e "s local ev5t well-kn[n at ! "t ( ! erection ( ! *ur*1 f9ds a commemoration 9 x4 ,?us 7?\gh at a lat] epo*7 among ! capitals ( ! s\? transept ( ,wells ca!dral1 ! ar*itect has repres5t$ a !ft1 :i* d\btless1 at ! "t1 _h made a consid]able noise 9 t place4 ,9 ! fir/ gr\p1 a man is se5 /eal+ apples2 !n foll[s ! /ruggle & appreh5sion3 f9ally1 8 trial & condemnation4 ,& su* practical admonitions might n h be5 )\t _! use4 ,sometimes !y are ref9$ & exalt$ into su* an "o z may be se5 9 ! nor!rn apse ( ,s4 ,m>y's1 at ,guild=d1 :]e heav5ly & e>?ly judgm5t are portray$4 cxxi ,victory ov] ! devil is s+ul>ly en\gh symbolis$ 9 ,ox=d1 ,s4 ,pet]'s1 by ! pi]s :i* re/ on1 & cru%1 a mon/]4 ,we h be=e notic$ t ,norman ar*itecture1 true to its love ( facts1 delight$ 9 ! repres5tation ( in/rum5ts ( m>tyrdom1 or ! de$s ( fai?1 z ! victory ( ,s4 ,george4 ,! f9al doom 0 also a fav\rite subject2 s 0 ! desc5t ( ,*ri/ into hell4 ,9 fact1 its :ole "*1 :e!r 9 /r+ c\rses1 tympana1 capitals1 or *ancel ar*es1 0 graphicalness1 & t obta9$ sometimes at ! exp5se ( grace1 sometimes almo/ at t ( decorum1 b probably well adapt$ to ! p>ticul> developm5t :i* ! m9ds ( ! p _h !n rea*$4 ,"o po9t we mu/ rem>k1 to ! et]nal hon\r ( ! ,anglo-,norman1 & inde$ also ( ! ,saxon ,*ur*1 deadly z 0 ! hatr$ exi/+ betwe5 ! two peoples1 = at lea/ a hundr$ & fifty ye>s aft] ! conque/1 x has left no symbolical trace1 ei!r 9 ! *ur*es ( ! vanqui%]s1 or ( ! vanqui%$4 ,mu* z ! "o _h suff]$1 & mu* z ! o!r despis$ ! conqu]$ nation1 ?is feel+ vani%$ 9 ! h\se ( ,god4 ,9 advanc+ to ,e>ly ,engli%1 we /ill f9d /rong traces ( ! hi/oricalism ( ornam5ts1 bo? 9 "s ( ! m\ld+s1 z 9 ! too!d1 & 9 ! capitals1 ?\gh ! latt] beg9 n[ to assume a m allegorical =m4 ,inde$1 ! obs]vation seems wor? mak+1 t ?is /yle is ! only "o :i* appe>s to h dealt mu* 9 allegory1 we mean 9 t s5se :i* we h already atta*$ to ! ^w4 ,t is1 x employs fictiti\s repres5tations to set =? real tru?s2 z 9 ,wells ca!dral1 ! fall ( ! b>r5 tree =ms a beautiful corbel4 ,we d1 h[ev]1 f9d "s traces ( ?is 9 ,norman "w1 z ! fable ( ! cr[ & ! fox may occasionally be discov]$ 9 x4 cxxii ,! works ( ! creation 7 (t5 set =?1 r ) ref]5ce to _! beauty ?an f any o!r reasons4 ,su* z ! birds mak+ _! ne/s 9 ! ?ick foliage1 fl[]s1 & fruit4 ,yet1 on ! :ole1 facts su* z ^? :i* pr9cipally occupi$ ! att5tion ( ,norman ar*itects1 began r to f9d expression among ! details1 ?an to usurp any important "p 9 *ur* arrangem5t4 ,we are 9 possession ( too little wood "w ( ?is date--& 9 t _m ref]5ces ( ?is k9d 7 probably to be f\nd--to be able to speak ) s mu* c]ta9ty z we c 9 ! lat] /yles3 b t ?is 0 ! t5d5cy ( ! progress ( ar*itecture1 x requires b little k to discov]4 ,impress$1 b evid5tly1 n[1 n only ess5tially b int5tionally1 on e build+1 0 ! doctr9e ( ! ,ev] ,bless$ ,tr9ity3 = triplets 7 s common at ! ea/ end z to =m ! rule ( ,e>ly ,engli% design4 ,fonts1 in/ead ( be>+ a repres5tation ( ! ,fall ( ,man1 & !reby imply+ our ne$ ( reg5]ation1 began to be octagonal1 !reby sett+ =? ! doctr9e itself1 a /rong confirmation ( our previ\s obs]vation respect+ facts & doctr9es4 ,! %ape ( pi]s is also to be notic$4 ,= !re appe>s to h be5 almo/ a rule1 ei!r t ! octagonal & circul> %ape %\ld alt]nate2 or t "o aisle %\ld pres5t ! "o k9d1 ! o!r ! o!r4 ,?is we c h>dly1 9 our pres5t /ate ( k1 pr(ess to expla94 ,dur&us's obs]vations ab\t w9d[s1 _! splay & %afts1 are v curi\s3 & aga91 he evid5tly recognises 9 ! tiebeams1 ! knitt+ toge!r ( ! elect 9 "o communion & fell[%ip3 a /rong argum5t1 ?is1 t we are ju/ifi$ 9 reg>d+ arrangem5ts1 :i* arise f me*anical necessity1 z nev]!less truly & really symbolical4 ,9 ! bases ( pi]s we n[ (t5 f9d fl[]s1 :i* inde$1 sometimes1 z 9 ,ro*e/] ca!dral1 occur 9 transition "w2 pr9cipally ! fleur de lys1 :i* we may int]pret to signify t humility is ! f\ndation ( all ,*ri/ian graces4 cxxiii ,on ! :ole1 h[ev]1 we conclude t 9 ?is /yle1 :ile *ur*es tak5 z a :ole became m symbolical1 _! details1 z details1 became less s4 ,9 proce$+ to ! next developm5t ( ,ca?olic art1 we are almo/ afraid ( express+ a belief1 t ,decorat$1 9 its e>ly dawn1 gave promise ( a bright] day ?an x ev] rea*$4 ,x _h n %[n its wond]ful res\rces & capabilities 9 w9d[s & fly+ buttresses1 be=e ! boldness ( its capitals & bases began to decl9e4 ,we c imag9e t1 _h x s be5 ord]$1 ,*ri/ian ar*itecture might1 ab\t ! ye> #acjj1 h tak5 a diff]5t direction1 & atta9$ to a glory1 inconceivable to u--p]haps atta9able only :5 ! :ole ,ca?olic ,*ur* %all be at unity4 ,z x is1 we _c b consid]1 t ab\t t p]iod1 or a few ye>s lat]1 x took a wrong turn1 & be+ hurri$ 9 a %ort space ?r\gh ! hectic ( a r>e flu% ( beauty1 decl9$ !nce=w>d sl[ly b surely4 ,n[1 if we ask1 :y 0 ?is8 x w lead u to look at ,*ur* hi/ory z connect$ ) ! developm5t ( *ur* ar*itecture4 ,contempor>y ) ! *ange f ,saxon to ,norman 7= we are none ( ^? :o hold t ! =m] ext5d$ till ,oct4 #ad1 #ajfe1 & ! latt] began ! next day71 0 f9ally ! victory ( ! ,anglican ,*ur* ov] ,paganism 9 ! conv]sion & civilisation ( ! ,danes4 ,contempor>y ) ! appe>ance ( ,e>ly ,engli%1 0 ! great victory ( ! ,*ur* ov] ,era/ianism1 by ! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,?omas ( ,cant]bury1 & ! abrogation ( ! con/itutions ( ,cl>5don4 ,b1 h>dly _h ,e>ly ,engli% f9i%$ its c\rse ( spl5d\r1 :5 :ile traces ( r>e glory 7 develop+ daily1 ! /atute ( ,mortma9 began to tell ^u ! ,*ur*3 cxxiv & ?\gh ! impulse already giv5 yet cont9u$ = "s "t to act1 ! end 0 ne>4 ,no magnific5t ca!dral 0 built aft] ! full effects--n s mu* ( t act1 z ( ! ,era/ianism :i* contriv$ & all[$ x--7 felt4 ,! nave ( ,w9*e/] c h>dly be call$ a solit>y exception2 because1 9 tru?1 x may be d\bt$ :e!r ! pi\s ex]tions ( ,william ( ,wykeham 7 n1 s f> z conc]ns ! actual beauty ( 8 ca!dral1 misplac$4 ,!nce=w>d1 ! ,/ate int]f]$ m & m ) ! ,*ur*2 & n all[$ to c>ry out h] own designs1 x is no wond] if ! latt] quickly began to =get h] own symbolical language4 ,aft]1 = ! fir/ few ye>s ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 us+ x ) precision & elegance be=e unatta9able1 %e !nce=w>d began to disuse x4 ,we ne$ n give examples ( decorat$ symbolism1 because all t 0 new 9 x lay 9 its w9d[s3 & ^! we h already discuss$ at consid]able l5g?4 ,& hav+ suffici5tly expla9$ :y !re %\ld be a decl9e1 we h only n[ to exam9e :y t decl9e %\ld h be5 s diff]5t 9 ,engl&1 ,france1 & ,italy4 ,9 ,engl&1 f ! "t t ,edw>d ,,iv direct$ ! execution ( ,ar*bi%op ,scrope1 :5 ! ,/ate int]f]$1 x 0 ) a /rong arm1 cramp+ & conf9+1 oblig+ ! ,*ur* to conf9e h]self to ritual obs]vances1 & =bidd+ h] to expatiate 9 ! gr& objects = :i* %e 0 orda9$4 ,n[ c\ld !re be a m fitt+ expression ( ?is ?an ! ,p]p5dicul> /yle8 ,does n its /iffness1 its failure 9 h>mony1 its want ( p[] & adaptation1 its cont9ual introduction ( h]aldry1 its monotony1 its break+ up by h>d cont9u$ l9es1 its %all[ness1 its m]etrici\sness1 its display--set =? :at we "k to h be5 ! "* ( ! contempor>y ,*ur*8 cxxv ,above all1 d n ! re9troduction ( ,horizontality1 ! ,tudor ar*1 ! depress$ pi]1 speak ( h] want ( spirituality8 ,ev]y?+ tea*es u t !re 0 no want ( p[] 9 h] ar*itects2 consid]$ m]ely z specim5s ( art1 ,k+'s ,college1 & ,h5ry ! ,sev5?'s *apels1 are mat*less4 ,& "h & !re we may trace "s tok5s ( va/ness & hol9ess ( conception wor?y ( a bett] age2 su* z ! ,suffolk ro(s1 :i*1 z x has be5 well said1 nev] atta9$ _! full developm5t4 ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d1 t ,p]p5dicul> ,footnote #gh 0 ! fir/ /yle1 :i* 9 its full developm5t 0 us$ fir/ = a secul> build+4 ,f> be x f u1 h[ev]1 to depreciate ! excessive magnific5ce x assumes 9 %r9es & *apels3 inde$1 ?is is "o ( ! features :i* ,decorat$ has n1 & ! abs5ce ( :i* 9 t /yle r5d]s x possible to believe t a /ill m magnific5t may be 9 /ore = u4 ,p]p5dicul> introduc$ no new elem5t ( symbolism4 ,footnote #gh3 ,we deeply regret t ! ,ox=d ,ar*itectural ,society %\ld ev] h all[$ itself to put on pap] ! op9ions express$ by "o ( its memb]s1 t ,p]p5dicul> w9d[s are ^? be/ suit$ to ! _s ( ,*ri/ian ar*itecture4 ,b if ?is 7 ! /ate ( ! ,anglican ,*ur*1 ! ,gallican1 ?\gh n bett] (f1 0 act$ on 9 a v diff]5t mann]4 ,! ,/ate gradually int]f]$ ) x1 embrac$ x ) its dang]\s fri5d%ip1 made its obs]vances mean+less1 :ile su/a9+ _! spl5d\r2 secul>is$ its abbeys1 by appropriat+ !m to political ends2 made /atesm5 ( its bi%ops1 gave x outside %[1 :ile eat+ out its he>t4 ,does n ,flamboyant express ?is8 ,a va/ collection ( elegant =ms1 mean+lessly /rung toge!r3 ri*ness ( ornam5t1 actually weak5+ con/ruction3 vag>ies ( trac]y1 z if ! h& possess$ ( *ur* art 7 sudd5ly depriv$ ( *ur* feel+s3 no?+ pla91 simple1 intelligible1 holy3 p>ts neglect$1 p>ts o/5tati\s3 ! we/ front ( ,abbeville to a *oir t w\ld disgrace a hamlet4 cxxvi ,9 ,spa91 aga91 :]e ,*ri/ianity unfold$ itself lat]1 s also 0 *ur* art lat] 9 its developm5t4 ,san ,miguel1 at ,seville1 :i* 0 actually built 9 #acje1 w\ld1 9 ,engl&1 be set d[n to ! date ( ab\t #aahj4 ,9 ,italy1 :]e !re 0 no ,/ate to int]f]e ) ! ,*ur*1 ,paganism1 :i* _h always be5 m or less at "w1 sprang up at once1 at ! "t ( ! ,great ,s*ism1 & has ev] s9ce prevail$4 ,b to return to ,engl&4 ,p]p5dicul>1 unable to express any idea by its ornam5ts1 soon began to imitate ^? ( e>li] /yles3 fir/ ,e>ly ,engli%1 9 ! wret*$ b&$ capitals ( ! we/]n c\nties1 & !n ,decorat$ 9 its w9d[s4 ,:ile1 h[ev]1 ! ,*ur* 0 yet unit$ ) ! re/ ( ,*ri/5dom1 ,paganism int]f]$ b 9 a v slight degree3 ! ,italian example ( ,h5ry ! ,sev5?'s tomb 0 n foll[$4 ,ev5 aft] ! ,dissolution1 !re 7 "s good *ur*es built3 ! symbolism :i* l+]$ longe/ 0 t ( ! *ancel & nave4 ,nor 0 ?is de/roy$ summ>ily3 ! importance ( ! *ancel _h be5 gradually1 all ?r\gh ! ,p]p5dicul> era1 weak5$ by *ancel aisles1 & ! omission ( ! *ancel ar*3 x 0 b to omit ! rood scre5 & p>close1 & 7z at ,hawk%ead1 ,lanca%ire1 circ4 #aefd7 ! my/ical division vani%$4 ,! symbolisms :i* ,prote/antism introduc$ 7 few & easily und]/ood4 ,! removal1 & mat]ial1 ( ! alt>1 ! *ange ( ve/m5ts1 ! gradual introduction ( close pews1 ! innovation ( a read+ pew1 7 all figurative en\gh4 ,some?+ l a return to *ur* art 0 made j be=e ! great ,rebellion3 *ancels became elongat$1 cxxvii alt>s resum$ _! old position1 copes reappe>$1 & ! l4 ,details began to improve3 & 7:i* we c\ld h>dly h expect$7 int5tional symbolism is sometimes to be discov]$ 9 !m4 ,s1 9 ,baltonsburgh1 ,som]set%ire1 a /one pulpit ( ! date ( #afba1 has among o!r devices1 an equilat]al triangle1 conta9+1 & surr\nd$ by1 a tre-foil3 & evid5tly sett+ =? ! ,holy ,tr9ity4 ,aft] ! ,rebellion1 b /ill m aft] ! ,revolution1 ^? fa9t traces ( symbolism di$ away into t ne plus ultra ( wret*$ness1 ! ,georgian /yle4 cxxviii ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,g5]al ,,conclusion ,x is v rem>kable1 z has be5 already obs]v$1 t ! build+s ( ^? :o mo/ /rongly object to ! pr9ciple ( symbolism1 d 9 effect conta9 z /rik+ an exemplification ( x z x w\ld be possible to f9d4 ,let u look at a ,prote/ant place ( wor%ip4 ,x is *ok$ up & conceal$ by surr\nd+ %ops & h\ses1 = religion1 n[adays1 mu/ give way to bus9ess & pleasure3 x /&s nor? & s\?1 = all idea ( fell[-feel+ ) ! ,*ur* ,ca?olic is look$ on z m]e trifl+1 or worse3 ! front :i* faces ! ,high ,/reet is ( /one1 because ! uni=mity ( ! /reet s requir$ x3 or 7:i* is m likely7 ( /ucco1 :i* answ]s z well1 & is *eap]3 ! sides1 h[ev]1 are ( brick1 because no "o c see !m3 !re is at ! entrance a l>ge ve/ibule1 to all[ p to /& :ile _! c>riages are be+ call$ up1 & to ent] into conv]sation on ! news ( ! day1 or ! m]its ( ! prea*]3 x also s]ves ! purpose ( mak+ ! *ur* w>m]1 & conta9s ! doors & /aircases to ! gall]ies4 ,on ent]+1 ! pulpit occupies ! c5tral position1 & t[>ds x e seat is direct$3 = prea*+ is ! great object ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry3 gall]ies run all r\nd ! build+1 because he>+ is ! great object ( a ,*ri/ian congregation3 cxxix ! alt> /&s "u ! organ gall]y1 z be+ ( no use1 except once a mon?3 !re are a few free seats 9 out-(-!-way places1 :]e no "o c\ld he>1 & no pews w\ld be hir$1 & !re=e no money is lo/ by mak+ ! places free3 & :e!r ! few poor p :o occupy !m c he> or n1 :at matt]s x8 ,! font1 a ca/-iron vase on a m>ble pill>1 /&s )9 ! alt> rails2 because x !re takes up no room3 ! read+ pew is "u ! pulpit1 & faces ! congregation2 because ! pray]s are to be read to !m & n address$ to ,god4 ,look at ?is place on ,sunday or ,?ursday ev5+4 ,c>riages cra% up ?r\gh ! ca/-iron gates1 &1 amid/ ! wrangl+ & oa?s ( rival coa*m51 deposit _! loads at ! portico3 p come1 dress$ out 9 ! full fa%ion ( ! day1 to occupy _! luxuri\s pew1 to lay _! smell+-bottles & pray]-books on its desk1 & recl9+ on its s(t cu%ions1 to confess !mselves--if !y are 9 "t--mis]able s9n]s3 to see ! poor & infirm /&+ 9 ! n>r[ passages1 & close _! pew doors aga9/ !m1 le/ !mselves %\ld be contam9at$1 or _! cu%ions spoilt1 at ! same "t besee*+ ,god to give _! fell[-creatures ! com=t :i* !y refuse to be/[3 ! ,royal ,arms occupy a conspicu\s position2 = x is a *apel ( ! ,e/abli%m5t3 !re are neat ca/-iron pill>s to hold up ! gall]ies1 & /ill neat] pill>s 9 ! gall]ies to hold up ! ro(2 !reby typify+ t ! :ole exi/5ce ( ! build+ dep5ds on ! good-w ( ! congregation3 ! ro( is flat1 ) an elegant cornice1 & s]ves pr9cipally to support a gas-light$ *&eli]3 & ! adm9i/ration ( ?is *apel is c>ri$ on by cl]k1 organi/1 beadle1 & c]ta9 bonnetless pew-op5]s4 cxxx ,we ne$ n po9t out h[ /rongly all ?is symbolises ! spiritual pride1 ! luxury1 ! self-suffici5cy1 ! bigotry ( ! congregations ( too _m a pew-r5t$ ,episcopal *apel4 ,9 contra/ to ?is1 let u close ) a g5]al view ( ! symbolism ( a ,ca?olic *ur*4 ,f> away1 & long ere we cat* our fir/ view ( ! city itself1 ! ?ree spires ( its ca!dral1 ris+ high above its d9 & turmoil1 prea* to u ( ! ,mo/ ,holy & ,undivid$ ,tr9ity4 ,z we approa*1 ! transepts1 /rik+ out cross-wise1 tell ( ! ,atonem5t3 ! ,communion ( ,sa9ts is set =? by ! *apels clu/]+ r\nd *oir & nave3 ! my/ical wea!rcock bids u to wat* & pray & endure h>dness3 ! hide\s =ms t seem hurry+ f ! eaves speak ! mis]y ( ^? :o are ca/ out ( ! ,*ur*3 spire1 p9nacle1 & f9ial1 ! upw>d curl ( ! sculptur$ foliage1 ! upw>d spr+ ( ! fly+ buttress1 ! %>p rise ( ! w9d[ ar*1 ! high-?r[n pit* ( ! ro(1 all ^!1 ov]p[]+ ! horizontal t5d5cy ( /r+ c\rse & p>apet1 tea* u1 t vanqui%+ e>?ly desires1 we also %\ld asc5d 9 he>t & m9d4 ,lessons ( holy wisdom are writt5 9 ! delicate trac]y ( ! w9d[s3 ! unity ( _m memb]s is %ad[$ =? by ! multiplex arcade3 ! duty ( lett+ our light %9e be=e m51 by ! pi]c$ & fl[]$ p>apet t cr[ns ! :ole4 ,we ent]4 ,! triple bread? ( nave & aisles1 ! triple height ( pi] ar*1 tri=ium1 & cl]e/ory1 ! triple l5g? ( *oir1 transepts1 & nave1 aga9 set =? ! ,holy ,tr9ity4 ,& :at besides is !re t does n tell ( our ,bless$ ,savi\r8 t does n po9t out ',him fir/' 9 ! two-fold we/]n door3 ',him la/' 9 ! di/ant alt>3 ',him mid/' 9 ! great rood3 ',him )\t end' 9 ! monogram c>v$ on boss & corbal1 9 ! ,holy ,lamb1 9 ! ,lion ( ! tribe ( ,judah1 9 ! ,my/ic ,fi%8 ,close by u is ! font2 cxxxi = by reg5]ation we ent] ! ,*ur*3 x is deep & capaci\s2 = we are buri$ 9 baptism ) ,*ri/3 x is ( /one2 = ,he is ! ,rock3 & its spiry cov] tea*es u1 if we be inde$ ris5 f its wat]s ) ,him1 to seek ^? ?+s t are above4 ,be=e u1 9 long drawn vi/a1 are ! massy pi]s1 :i* are ! ,apo/les & ,prophets3 !y are ea* ( _m memb]s1 = _m are ! graces 9 e sa9t3 !re is delicate foliage r\nd ! head ( all2 = all 7 pl5tiful 9 good works4 ,b5ea? our feet are ! badges ( worldly pomp & glory1 ! *>ges ( k+s & nobles & knights3 all 9 ! pres5ce ( ,god z dross & wor?lessness4 ,ov] u swells ! va/ 'valley' ( ! high-pit*$ ro(3 f ! cross+ & int]lac+ ( its curi\s raft]s hang fadeless fl[]s & fruits :i* are n ( e>?3 f its hamm]-beams project wrea?s & />s1 su* z adorn heav5ly be+s3 9 its c5tre /&s ! ,lamb z x _h be5 sla93 f ar\nd ,him ! ,cele/ial ,ho/1 *]ubim & s]aphim1 ?rones1 pr9cipalities1 & p[]s1 look d[n peacefully on ! wor%ipp]s bel[4 ,h>p]s !re are among !m h>p+ ) _! h>ps3 = "o is ! song ( ! ,*ur* 9 e>? & 9 heav54 ,?r\gh ! walls w9d ! n>r[ cloi/] gall]ies3 emblems ( ! pa? by :i* holy h]mits & an*orites1 ^: conflicts 7 kn[n only to _! ,god1 h rea*$ _! home4 ,& we are compass$ ab\t ) a mighty cl\d ( witnesses3 ! ri* deep glass ( ! w9d[s teems ) sa9tly =ms1 ea* 9 its own fair ni*e1 all inve/$ ) ! same holy repose3 !re is ! glori\s company ( ! apo/les3 ! goodly fell[%ip ( ! prophets3 ! noble army ( m>tyrs3 ! %9+ b& ( ! confessors3 ! jubilant *orus ( ! virg9s3 !re are k+s :o h long s9ce *ang$ an e>?ly = an heav5ly cr[n3 & bi%ops :o h giv5 9 a glad acc\nt to ! ,%eph]d & ,bi%op ( s\ls4 cxxxii ,b on none ( ^! ?+s d we re/2 pi]s1 ar* beh9d ar*1 w9d[s1 light beh9d light1 arcades1 %aft beh9d %aft1 ! ro(1 bay beh9d bay1 ! sa9ts ar\nd u1 ! heav5ly hi]>*y above ) dignity ( pre-em95ce /ill increas+ ea/w>d1 ea* & all1 lead on eye & s\l & ?\ght to ! image ( ! crucifi$ ,savi\r z display$ 9 ! great ea/ w9d[4 ,gaz+ /eadfa/ly on t1 we pass up ! nave1 t is ?r\gh ! ,*ur* ,militant1 till we rea* ! rood scre51 ! b>ri] betwe5 x & ! ,*ur* ,triumphant1 & !re9 %ad[+ =? ! dea? ( ! fai?ful4 ,high above x hangs1 on ,8 triumphal cross1 ! image ( ,him ,:o by ,8 dea? ha? ov]come dea?2 on x are portray$ sa9ts & m>tyrs1 ,8 w>riors1 :o fight+ "u _! ,"l h ent]$ into re/ & inh]it a te>less et]nity4 ,!y are to be our examples1 & ! sev5 lamps above !m typify ^? graces ( ! ,_s1 by ,:om alone we c tread 9 _! /eps4 ,! scre5 itself gl[s ) gold & crimson3 ) gold1 = !y h on _! heads gold5 cr[ns3 ) crimson1 = !y pass$ ! ,r$ ,sea ( m>tyrdom to obta9 !m4 ,& ?r\gh ! delicate net-"w1 & ! unfold+ holy doors1 we cat* fa9t glimpses ( ! *ancel beyond4 ,!re are ! massy /alls2 = 9 heav5 is ev]la/+ re/3 !re are ! s$ilia1 emblems ( ! seats ( ! eld]s r\nd ! ?rone3 !re is ! pisc9a2 = !y h wa%$ _! robes & made !m :ite3 & !re1 he>t & s\l & life ( all1 ! alt> ) its unqu5*$ lights1 & gold5 c>v+s1 & my/ic /eps1 & sp>kl+ jewels3 ev5 ,*ri/ ,himself1 by ,^: only m]its we f9d admission to our heav5ly inh]itance4 ,v]ily1 z we ?9k on ! on5ess ( its design1 we may say3 ,j]usalem edificatur ut civitas cujus p>ticipatio ejus 9 idipsum4 cxxxiii ,,po/scriptum ,on conclud+ _! "w1 :i* f circum/ances t ne$ n be specifi$ has be5 a ye> 9 ! press1 ! writ]s mu/ apologise = ! num]\s typographical errors :i* h be5 all[$ to rema94 ,_! sep>ation f ea* o!r1 & di/ance f ! pr9t]1 mu/ plead 9 excuse4 ,!y take ?is opportunity ( express+ _! ?anks to ! ,rev]5d ,dr4 ,mill1 ,*ri/ian ,advocate ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,cambridge1 & to ,f4 ,a4 ,paley1 ,esq41 ,m4,a41 ( ,s4 ,john's ,college1 ,cambridge1 ,honor>y ,secret>y ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society1 = _! advice & assi/ance4 ,x rema9s to say t "s d\bt has be5 felt by p]sons :o h read ! ,introductory ,essay 9 pro(s1 :e!r ! writ]s h giv5 ,mr4 ,pug9 suffici5t cr$it = sev]al passages 9 8 works :i* seem to involve ! pr9ciple n[ cont5d$ =4 ,we _h ?\ght t no misappreh5sion c\ld be fe>$ on ?is head4 ,x 0 en\gh to "k t ! pr9ciple 9 "q1 ev5 ?\gh felt 7z we inde$ all[$7 by ?is ar*itect1 _h n be5 express$ 9 t]ms4 ,9 %ort1 we took ?is fact = our gr\nd3 t :]eas ,mr4 ,pug9's book pr(ess$ to ass]t ! true pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ian ar*itecture1 yet reality1 accord+ to 8 def9ition1 0 n at lea/ s accurately a 'true pr9ciple' z sacram5tality4 ,! pr9ciples !mselves1 z enunciat$ by ,mr4 ,pug91 apply z well to any secul> build+ z to a *ur*3 !y are true = con/ruction1 b n adequate 9 !mselves to =m a rule = ecclesia/ical design4 ,kem]ton1 ,augu/ #af1 #ahdc4 cxxxiv ,! foll[+ v curi\s passage ought to h come 9 at page lxxvii ( ! ,introductory ,essay1 b 0 n accessible at ! "t4 ,x is an extract f ! ',f>dle ( ,facions' pr9t$ ,a4,d4 #aeee4 ,,f ,,! ',,f>dle ,,( ,,facions1' ,,pr9t$ #aeee ,oratories1 temples1 or places ( prai] 7:i*e we calle *ur*es7 might n to be built )\t ! good w ( ! bi%oppe ( ! diocese4 ,& :5 ! timbre 0 r$y to be fram$1 & ! f\ndacion digg$1 x behov$ !m to s5de = ! bi%oppe1 to hall[e ! fir/e corn] /one ( ! f\ndacion1 & to make ! signe ( ! ,crosse !reupon1 & to laie x1 & directe x ju/e ea/e & we/4 ,& !n might ! masons sette ^u ! /one1 b n a=e4 ,?is *ur*e did !y use to builde aft] ! facion ( a crosse1 & n unlike ! %ape ( a manne4 ,! *anncelle 79 ! :i*e is conte9$ ! highe alt>e & ! qui]e7 directe fulle 9 ! ea/e1 repres5te? ! heade1 & !re=e ought to be some:at r\nde1 & mu*e %ort] ?an ! body ( ! *ur*e4 ,& yet ^u respect t ! heade is ! place = ! eyes1 x ought to be ( m lighte1 & to bee sep]ate ) a p>ticion1 9 ! /eade ( a necke1 f ! bodye ( ! *ur*e4 ,?is p>ticion ! ,lat9e calle? cancelli1 & out ( t come? our t]me *anncelle4 ,on e*e side ( ?is *anncelle p]adv5ture 7= s fitte? x be/e7 %\ld /& a turret2 z x 7 = two e>s1 & 9 ^! ! belles to be hang$1 to calle ! p to s]vice1 by daie & by night4 ,undre "o ( ^! turretts is !re commonly a vaulte1 ^: doore op5e? into ! qui]e1 & 9 ?is are laid up ! hall[$ vesselles & ornam5tes1 & o!r ut5sils ( ! *ur*e4 ,we call x a ve/rie4 cxxxv ,! o!r p>te oughte to be fitt$1 t hav+ z x 7 on e*e side an arme1 ! re/e maye resemble ! bodye ) ! fete /ret*$ 9 bread!1 & 9 l5g!4 ,on e*e side ( ! bodye ! pill]s to /&e1 ^u ^: coronettes or heades ! vaulte or rophe ( ! *ur*e maye re/e4 ,& to ! foote b5e? ault]s to be joyn$4 ,^? ault]s to be ord]ly alway cov]$ ) two ault] clo!s1 & g>ni%$ ) ! crosse ( ,*ri/e1 or "s little c(re ( reliques4 ,at e*e ende a c&el/icke1 & a booke t[>de ! middes4 ,! walls to be pa9t$ )\t & )91 & div]sely pa9et$4 ,t !y also %\ld h 9 e p>i%e a faire r\nd /one1 made holl[e & fitte to holde wat]1 9 ! :i*e ! wat] consecrate = baptisme maye be kept = ! *ri/5+ ( *ildr54 ,^u ! "r h& ( ! highe ault] t !r %\ld be an almorie1 ei!r cutte into ! walle1 or fram$ ^u x1 9 ! :i*e !y w\lde h ! sacram5t ( ! ,lorde's bodye1 ! holy oyle = ! sicke1 & *rismatorie1 alwaie to be lock$4 ,fur!rmore !y w\ld t !r %\ld be a pullpite 9 ! middes ( ! *ur*e1 :]e9 ! prie/e maye /onde ^u ,sondaies & holidays to tea*e ! p ^? ?+s t x behove? !m to kn[e4 ,! *anncelle to s]ve only = ! prie/s & cl]ks2 ! re/ ( ! temporalle multitude to be 9 ! bodye ( ! *ur*e1 sep]ate not)/&+1 ! m5 on ! righte side1 & ! wom5 on ! left4 ---------- #a ,"h beg9ne? ! ,fir/ ,book ( ,,gulielmus ,,dur&us 8 ,,rationale ( ! ,,div9e ,,(fices4 ,,! ,,proeme ,importance & ,difficulty ( ! ,/udy ( ,symbolism--,necessity ( its ,cultivation by ,prie/s--,consid]ation ( ,unle>n$ ,prie/s--,my/ical & ,moral ,mean+ ( ! ,law--,f\r-fold ,s5se ( ,scripture3 ! ,hi/orical1 ! ,allegoric1 ! ,tropologic1 ! ,anagogic--,diff]5t ,c]emonies us$ by ,diff]5t ,*ur*es--,"n ( ,rationale1 :5ce d]iv$--,division ( ! ,"w4 #a4 ,all ?+s1 z _m z p]ta9 to (fices & matt]s ecclesia/ical1 be full ( div9e significations & my/]ies1 & ov]fl[ ) a cele/ial sweetness2 if s be t a man be dilig5t 9 8 /udy ( !m1 & "k h[ to draw 'honey f ! rock1 & oil f ! h>de/ /one4' ,footnote #gi ,b :o 'kn[e? ! ord9ances ( heav51 or c fix ! reasons !re( ^u ! e>?8' ,footnote #hj ,= he t prie? into _! maje/y1 is ov]:elm$ by ! glory ( !m4 ,( a tru? '! well is deep1 & ,i h no?+ to draw )'3 ,footnote #ha unless ,he give? x unto me ,:o 'give? to all m5 lib]ally1 & upbraide? n'3 ,footnote #hb s t ':ile ,i j\rney ?r\gh ! m\nta9s' ,footnote #hc ,i may 'draw wat] ) joy out ( ! wells ( salvation4' ,footnote #hd #b ,:]e=e1 albeit ( ! ?+s h&$ d[n f our =efa!rs1 capable we are n to expla9 all1 yet if among !m !re be any?+ :i* is done )\t reason1 x %\ld =?) be put away4 ',:]e=e ,i1 ,william1 by ! alone t5d] m]cy ( ,god1 ,bi%op ( ! ,holy ,*ur* :i* is 9 ,m5de1' ,footnote #he w knock dilig5tly at ! door1 if s be t '! key ( ,david' ,footnote #hf w op5 unto me3 t ! ,k+ may 'br+ me 9 to ,8 treasury1' ,footnote #hg & %[ unto me ! heav5ly patt]n :i* 0 %[$ unto ,moses 9 ! ,m\nt3 s t ,i may le>n ^? ?+s :i* p]ta9 to rites ecclesia/ical1 :]e( !y tea* & :at !y signify3 & t ,i may be able pla9ly to reveal & make manife/ ! reasons ( !m1 by ,8 help1 ',:o ha? orda9$ /r5g? out ( ! m\? ( babes & suckl+s'3 ,footnote #hh ',^: _s bl[e? :]e x li/e?1' ,footnote #hi divid+ to 'ea* sev]ally z x w' ,footnote #ij to ! praise & glory ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,footnote #gi3 ,deut4 xxxii1 #ac4 ,footnote #hj3 ,job xxxviii1 #cc ,footnote #ha3 ,s4 ,john iv1 #aa4 ,footnote #hb3 ,s4 ,james i1 #e4 ,footnote #hc3 ,psalm ciii4 ,vulgate4 ,footnote #hd3 ,isaiah xii1 #c4 ,footnote #he3 ,a city ( ,france1 & capital ( ! dep>tm5t ( ,lozre1 situat$ on an em95ce ne> ! ,lot3 be=e ! ,revolution1 ! ,see ( a ,bi%op4 ,! numb] ( inhabitants is ab\t #ejjj4'--;,cruttwell's ,gazette]1 s4v4 ,footnote #hf3 ,apocalypse iii1 #g4 ,footnote #hg3 ,cant1 ii1 #d4 ,footnote #hh3 ,psalm viii1 #b4 ,see also ,wisdom x1 #ba4 ,footnote #hi3 ,s4 ,john iii1 #h4 ,footnote #ij3 ,i ,cor4 xii1 ,,ii4 #b4 ,sacram5ts we h receiv$ to be signs or figures1 n 9 !mselves virtues1 b ! significations ( virtues1 by :i* m5 are taught z by lett]s4 ,n[ ( signs !re be t are natural1 & !re be t are positive3 conc]n+ :i*1 & also ( ! nature ( a ,sacram5t1 we %all speak h]eaft]4 #c #c4 ,!re=e ! prie/s & ! bi%ops to :om 'x is giv5 to "k ! my/]ies ( ! k+dom ( ,god1' ,footnote #ia z ,he sai? 9 ,luke1 & :o be ! /ew>ds & disp5s]s ( sacr$ ?+s1 ought bo? to und]/& ! sacr$ my/]ies1 & to %9e 9 ! virtues :i* !y signify3 s t by _! light o!rs may be illum9at$3 o!rwise '!y be bl9d lead]s ( ! bl9d4' ,footnote #ib ,z sai? ! ,prophet1 ',let _! eyes be d>k5$1 t !y see n4' ,footnote #ic ,b1 woe !re=e is me6 9 ^! days !y appreh5d b little ( ^? ?+s :i* day by day !y h&le & p]=m1 :at !y signify1 & :]e=e !y 7 in/itut$3 s t ! say+ ( ! ,prophet seeme? to be fulfill$1 ',z is ! p1 s is ! prie/4' ,footnote #id ,= :5 !y be> ! bread ( ,pro!sis ,footnote #ie to ! ,"l's ,table & ! ,my/]ies1 !y und]/& n its signification m ?an brute bea/s :i* c>ry bread = ! use ( o!rs4 ,( :i* ignorance !y %all give acc\nt 9 ! day ( v5geance & wra?4 ',:5 ! c$>s ( ,p>adise %all tremble1 :at %all ! bu% ( ! des]t d8' ,footnote #if ,= to !m is t say+ ( ! ,prophet1 ',!y h n kn[n ,my ways3 s ,i swe> 9 my wra?1 if !y %all ent] into ,my re/4' ,footnote #ig ,footnote #ia3 ,s4 ,luke viii1 #aj4 ,footnote #ib3 ,s4 ,mat!w xv1 #ad4 ,footnote #ic3 ,psalm lxix1 #bc4 ,footnote #id3 ,isaiah xxiv1 #b4 ,footnote #ie3 ,"h is a di/9ct ref]5ce to ! ,pro!sis3 ! m valuable because 9 writ]s ( ! ,middle ,ages x does n hold s prom95t a place z we might h expect$3 & ! table ( ,pro!sis appe>s n to h occupi$ a c]ta9ly def9$ situation 9 ,ca?olic *ur*es4 ,!re is also a ref]5ce to ,lev4 xxi1 #h1 & ! %[bread4 ,footnote #if3 ,s4 ,luke xxii1 #c4 ,footnote #ig3 ,psalm xcv1 #aa4 #d4 ,n[ ! pr(essors ( ! arts lib]al1 & ( all o!r arts1 seek h[ !y may clo!1 support1 & adorn ) causes & hidd5 reasons ^? ?+s :i* be nak$ly & )\t ornam5t !re9 set =?2 pa9t]s moreov]1 & me*anics & h&icraftsm5 ( :at #d sort soev]1 /udy 9 e v>iety ( _! works to r5d] & to h at h& probable reasons !re(4 ,s1 also1 unseemly is x to ! magi/rate to be ignorant ( ?is _w's laws2 & to ! plead] to "k no?+ ( ! law1 :]e9 he is ex]cis$4 #e4 ,b al?\gh le>n+ be necess>y unto prie/s = ! sake ( doctr9e3 yet mu/ n s*ola/ics ?9k slight+ly ( unlett]$ prie/s2 accord+ to t say+ 9 ,exodus1 ',?\ %alt n revile ! gods4' ,footnote #ih ,:5ce1 sai? ,s4 ,augu/9e1 !y %all n d]ide if !y he> ! prie/s & m9i/]s ( ! ,*ur*1 ei!r invok+ ,god ) b>b>isms & solecisms1 or n und]/&+ & misdivid+ ! words :i* !y pron\nce4 ,n b t su* ?+s are to be correct$2 b !y mu/ fir/ly be tol]at$ ( ! m le>n$4 ,b t :i* prie/s ought to le>n1 %all be said bel[4 ,footnote #ih3 ,exodus xxii1 #bh4 #f4 ,fur!rmore1 ! symbolism :i* exi/e? 9 ?+s & (fices ecclesia/ical1 is (t5 n se51 bo? because figures h dep>t$1 & n[ x is ! "t ( tru?2 & also because we ought n to judaise4 ,b1 albeit ^? types ( :i* ! tru? is made manife/ h dep>t$1 yet ev5 to ?is "t manifold tru? is conceal$1 :i* we see n2 :]e=e ! ,*ur* use? figures4 ,= s by :ite ve/m5ts we und]/& ! beauty 9 :i* our s\ls %all be array$1 or ! glory ( our immortality1 :i* we _c manife/ly behold3 & 9 ! ,mass1 by ! oblation on ! alt>1 ,footnote #ii ! ,passion ( ,*ri/ is repres5t$1 t x be held 9 ! memory m fai?fully & m firmly4 ,footnote #ii3 ,! pray] ( oblation is z foll[s--',suscipe1 ,sancta ,tr9itas1 hanc oblationem quam ,tibi (f]imus ob memoriam ,passionis1 resurrectionis et asc5sionis ,jesu ,*ri/i ,dom9i no/ri1' etc4 #e #g4 ,fur!rmore1 ( ! ?+s :i* be comm&$ 9 ! law1 "s be moral1 & o!rs my/ical4 ,!y be moral :i* in=m ! morals1 & are to be und]/ood 9 ! simple t5\r ( ! words3 ',love ,god3 hon\r ?y fa!r3 ?\ %alt d no murd]1' & su* l4 ,my/ical be su* z are typical3 :]e some?+ is set =? beyond ! lit]al mean+4 ,( ^!1 "s be sacram5tal1 & "s c]emonial4 ,sacram5tal be su* z may be acc\nt$ =1 :y ?us !y 7 ord]$3 su* z circumcision1 & ! obs]vance ( ! ,sabba?1 & ! l4 ,c]emonial be !y = :i* no reason c be giv54 ,su* be1 ',?\ %alt n pl\gh ) an ox & an ass toge!r3' ,footnote #ajj ,?\ %alt n we> a g>m5t ( l95 & wooll5 mix$4' ,footnote #aja ,footnote #ajj3 ,deut4 xxii1 #aj4 ,footnote #aja3 ,deut4 xxii1 #aa4 #h4 ,n[ 9 ?+s t are moral comm&s1 ! law ha? receiv$ no *ange3 b 9 ?+s sacram5tal & c]emonial its outw>d =m is alt]$3 yet n "o ( ! my/ical significations is done away3 = ! law is n done away4 ,?\gh ! 'prie/hood be+ *ang$1 !re is made ( necessity a *ange likewise ( ! law4' ,footnote #ajb ,footnote #ajb3 ,hebrews vii1 #ab4 #i4 ,n[1 9 ,holy ,scriptures !re be div]s s5ses3 z hi/oric1 allegoric1 tropologic1 & anagogic4 ,:5ce1 accord+ to ,boe?ius1 all div9e au?ority arise? f a s5se ei!r hi/orical or allegorical or f bo?4 ,& accord+ to ,s4 ,hi]om1 we ought to /udy ,holy ,scriptures 9 ?ree ways3--fir/ly1 accord+ to ! lett]2 secondly1 aft] ! allegory1 t is1 ! spiritual mean+2 ?irdly1 accord+ to ! bless$ness ( ! future4 #f ,hi/ory is ?+s signifi$ by words3 z :5 a pla9 relation is made h[ c]ta9 ev5ts took place3 z :5 ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 aft] _! deliv]ance f ,egypt1 made a tab]nacle to ! ,"l4 ,& hi/ory is d]iv$ f ,greek text1 :i* is to ge/iculate3 ,footnote #ajc :5ce ge/iculators 7t is1 play]s7 are call$ hi/riones4 ,footnote #ajc3 ,"h is a notable in/ance ( ,dur&us's misd]ivations1 ( :i* we h spok5 9 ! ,introduction4 #aj4 ,allegory is :5 "o ?+ is said & ano!r meant3 z :5 by "o de$ ano!r is int5d$3 :i* o!r ?+1 if x be visible1 ! :ole is simply an allegory1 if invisible & heav5ly1 an anagoge4 ,also an allegory is :5 "o /ate ( ?+s is describ$ by ano!r3 z :5 ! pati5ce ( ,*ri/1 & ! sacram5ts ( ! ,*ur* are set =? by my/ical words or de$s4 ,z 9 t place3 ',!re %all come =? a rod ( ! /em ( ,jesse1 & a bran* %all gr[ out ( 8 roots3' ,footnote #ajd :i* is 9 pla9 language4 ,! ,virg9 ,m>y %all be born ( ! family ( ,david1 :o 0 ! son ( ,jesse4 ,?is is an example ( my/icism 9 words4 ,tru? is also set =? by my/ic de$s3 z ! *ildr5 ( ,israel's fre$om f ,egyptian slav]y1 wr\ght by ! blood ( a lamb1 signifie? t ! ,*ur* is fre$ by ! ,passion ( ,*ri/ f demoniacal s]vitude4 ,footnote #aje ,! ^w allegory is d]iv$ f ! ,greek allon1 :i* means =eign1 & gore1 :i* is s5se2 t is1 a =eign s5se4 ,footnote #ajd3 ,isaiah xi1 #a4 ,footnote #aje3 ,see ,app5dix ,i4 #g #aa4 ,tropology is an injunction unto morality3 or a moral spee*1 ei!r ) a symbolical or an obvi\s be>+1 devis$ to ev9ce & in/ruct our behavi\r4 ,symbolical2 z :]e he sai?1 ',let ?y g>m5ts be always :ite3 & let ! oil ( ?y head nev] fail4' ,footnote #ajf ,t is1 let all ?y works be pure1 & *>ity nev] fail f ?y m9d4 ,& aga91 ,x is fit t ,david %\ld slay ! ,golia? )9 u3 t is1 t humbl5ess may subdue our pride4 ,obvi\s z 9 t say+1 ',deal ?y bread to ! hungry4' ,footnote #ajg ,& 9 t text3 ',let u n love 9 ^w1 nei!r 9 tongue3 b 9 de$ & tru?4' ,footnote #ajh ,n[ tropology ha? 8 "n f tropos1 a turn+1 & logos1 :i* is a disc\rse4 ,footnote #ajf3 ,ecclesia/es ix1 #h4 ,footnote #ajg3 ,isaiah lviii1 #g4 ,footnote #ajh3 #a ,s4 ,john iii1 #ah4 #ab4 ,anagoge is s call$ f ana1 :i* is upw>ds1 & goge1 a lead+3 z x 7 an upw>d lead+4 ,:5ce ! anagogic s5se is t :i* leade? f ! visible to ! invisible3 z light1 made ! fir/ day1 signifie? a ?+ invisible1 namely ! angelic nature :i* 0 made 9 ! beg9n+4 ,anagoge1 !re=e1 is t s5se :i* leade? ! m9d upw>ds to heav5ly ?+s3 t is to ! ,tr9ity & ! ord]s ( angels1 & speake? conc]n+ future rew>ds1 & ! future life :i* is 9 ! heav53 & x use? bo? obvi\s & my/ical expressions2 obvi\s1 z 9 t say+1 ',bless$ are ! pure 9 he>t3 = !y %all see ,god3' ,footnote #aji my/ical1 z t1 ',bless$ are !y t h made :ite _! robes3 t !y may h "r unto ! tree ( life1 & ent] 9 ?r\gh ! gate into ! city4' ,footnote #aaj ,:i* signifie?1 ,bless$ are !y :o make pure _! ?\ghts1 t !y may h a "r to see ',god1 :o is ! way1 ! tru?1 & ! life3' ,footnote #aaa & aft] ! example ( ! fa!rs1 ent] into ! k+dom ( heav54 ,footnote #aji3 ,s4 ,mat!w v1 #h4 ,footnote #aaj3 ,apocalypse vii1 #ad4 ,footnote #aaa3 ,s4 ,john xiv1 #f4 #h ,9 l mann]1 ,j]usalem is und]/ood hi/orically ( t e>?ly city :i!r pilgrims j\rney2 allegorically1 ( ! ,*ur* ,militant2 tropologically1 ( e fai?ful s\l2 anagogically1 ( ! cele/ial ,j]usalem1 :i* is our c\ntry4 ,footnote #aab ,( ^! ?+s1 m examples may be se5 9 ! lessons = ,holy ,saturday4 ,footnote #aac ,b 9 ?is "w _m s5ses are appli$3 & spe$y *anges are made f "o to ano!r1 z ! dilig5t read] w p]ceive4 ,footnote #aab3 ,h[ beautifully1 obs]ves a writ] 9 ! ,briti% ,critic1 d old ecclesia/ical writ]s use patria & domus ( our cele/ial c\ntry1 & our ev]la/+ home6 ,footnote #aac3 ,ref]5ce is "h app>5tly made to ! fif? *apt] ( ! book1 ( ,lam5tations1 :i* appe>s z ! #crd lesson at ,mat9s4 #ac4 ,= z none is prohibit$ f us+ div]s gr\nds ( exception & mann]s ( def5ce1 s nei!r are !y =bidd5 to employ div]s expositions 9 ! praise ( ,god1 s t fai? be n injur$4 #ad4 ,notice mu/ also be tak5 ( ! v>iety ( rites us$ 9 ! div9e wor%ip4 ,= ne>ly e ,*ur* ha? h] own obs]vances1 & atta*e? to !m a full mean+ ( h] own3 nei!r is x ?\ght blamewor?y or absurd to wor%ip ) v>i\s *ants1 or modulations ( ! voice1 nor yet ) diff]5t obs]vances3 :5 ! ,*ur* ,triumphant h]self is surr\nd$1 ,footnote #aad accord+ to ! ,prophet1 ) ! l div]sity1 & 9 ! adm9i/ration ( ! sacram5ts !mselves a v>iety ( cu/oms is tol]at$1 & t rightly4 ,footnote #aad3 ,! au?or appe>s to ref] "h to ! ,,xlv ,psalm1 ',eructavit cor meum4' #i #ae4 ,:5ce1 accord+ to ,au/9 ( ecclesia/ical in/itutions 9 ! div9e (fice1 "s we h receiv$ f ,holy ,scriptures3 "s f ! traditions or writ+s ( ! apo/les1 be+ confirm$ by _! successors3 "s1 moreov]1 ( :i*1 h[ev]1 ! in/itution is unkn[n1 are confirm$ by cu/om & approv$ by use3 & to !m equal obs]vance is due z to ! o!rs4 #af4 ,let n1 !n1 ! read] be angry if he p]*ance read 9 ?is "w ( obs]vances :i* he nev] saw 9 8 own *ur*3 or does n read ( "s t are !re 9 use4 ,= we endeav\r n to g ?r\gh ! p>ticul> rites ( p>ticul> places1 b ^? :i* be m common & usual3 because we lab\r to set =? t doctr9e :i* is ( univ]sal1 & n t :i* is ( p>ticul> be>+1 nor w\ld x be possible = u to exam9e ! p>ticul> rites ( e *ur*4 ,!re=e we h det]m9$1 = ! heal? ( our s\l & ! b5efit ( ! read]s1 to set =? & to arrange ! secret my/]ies ( div9e (fices 9 a cle> /ate1 to ! be/ ( our p[] & to inculcate & ?or\ghly to expla9 t :i* appe>s necess>y = ecclesia/ics1 t[>ds ! und]/&+ ( ! daily s]vice3 ev5 z x is well kn[n t1 :5 9 a diff]5t condition ( life1 we did fai?fully 9 our ,mirror ( ,magi/rates d ! l = ! use ( ^? :o 7 employ$ 9 secul> c\rts4 #aj #ag4 ,b x mu/ dilig5tly be not$ t 9 ! div9e (fices !mselves ,footnote #aae _m c]emonies !re be ( usual employm5t :i* h1 f _! in/itution1 respect nei!r to a moral nor my/ical signification4 ,( ^!1 "s are kn[n to h aris5 ( necessity3 "s ( congruity3 "s ( ! diff]5ce ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t2 "s ( conv5i5ce2 & "s = ! m]e hon\r & rev]5ce ( ! (fices !mselves3 :5ce sai? bless$ ,au/91 s _m ?+s are v>i$ by ! diff]5t cu/oms ( div]s place1 t seldom or nev] c ^? causes be discov]$ :i* m5 foll[$ 9 con/itut+ !m4 ,footnote #aae3 ,?is passage is wor? not+1 z %[+ t our ,au?or does n proce$ ) ! det]m9ation ( mak+ a mean+ :]e he c\ld n f9d "o3 b t he is will+ to leave mu*1 expla9$ only 9 ! pr9ciples ( necessity1 or conv5i5ce1 or rev]5ce4 #ah4 ,?is "w is describ$ z a ,rationale4 ,= z 9 ! 'brea/plate ( judgm5t' ,footnote #aaf :i* ! ,jewi% high prie/ wore 0 writt5 manife/ation & tru?1 s "h ! reasons ( ! v>iations 9 div9e (fices & _! tru?s are set =? & manife/$3 :i* ! prelates & prie/s ( *ur*es ought fai?fully to pres]ve 9 ! %r9e ( _! brea/s3 & z 9 ! brea/plate !re 0 a /one by ! spl5d\r ( :i* ! *ildr5 ( ,israel knew t ,god 0 well pleas$ ) !m3 s also ! pi\s read] :o ha? be5 taught ! my/]ies ( ! div9e (fices f ! cle>ness ( ?is "w w "k t ,god is fav\rably dispos$ t[>ds u1 unless we ra%ly incur ,8 indignation by our (f5ce & fault4 ,! brea/plate 0 wov5 ( f\r col\rs & ( gold3 & "h1 z we said be=e1 ! pr9ciples on :i* are f\nd$ ! v>iations 9 ecclesia/ical (fices1 take ! hues ( f\r s5ses1 ! hi/oric1 ! allegoric1 ! tropologic1 & ! anagogic1 ) fai? z ! ,footnote #aag gr\ndwork4 ,footnote #aaf3 ,vulg4 ,9 ,rationali ,judicii4 ,exodus xxviii1 #c4 ,footnote #aag3 ,su* appe>s ! mean+ ( ?is beautiful comp>ison4 ,! words are r obscure1 quatuor s5sibus fide m$ia colorantur4 #aa #ai4 ,x is divid$ into eight p>ts3 :i* we %all g ?r\gh1 by ! ,"l's fav\r1 9 ord]4 ,! fir/ treate? ( *ur*es1 & ecclesia/ical places & ornam5ts3 & ( consecrations & sacram5ts4 ,! second ( ! memb]s ( ! ,*ur*1 & _! duties3 ! ?ird ( sac]dotal & o!r ve/m5ts3 ! f\r? ( ! ,mass1 & ( ! ?+s !re9 p]=m$3 ! fif? ( ! o!r div9e (fices3 ! six? ( ! ,sundays & holydays1 & fea/s specially p]ta9+ to our ,"l3 ! sev5? ( ,sa9ts' days1 & ! fea/ ( ! d$ication ( a *ur*1 & ! (fice ( ! dead2 ! eigh? ( ! me?od ( comput+ "t1 & ! cal5d>4 #ab ,tradatus ,gulielmi ,dur&i de ecclesia et ecclesia/icis locis et sacram5tis et ornam5tis et de consecrationibus incipit felicit]4 ,,*apt] ,i ,,( ,a ,,*ur* ,,& ,,its ,,p>ts ,two-fold ,mean+ ( ! ,^w--,diff]5t ,synonyms = ! ,t]m--,=m ( a ,*ur*--,( ! ,tab]nacle--,! ,f\ndation1 h[ to be laid--,to ,po9t ,ea/1 & ,:y--,! ,spiritual ,*ur*1 h[ ,built up--,( ,cem5t--,:at ,arms ! ,spiritual ,*ur* ,employe?--,( ! ,mat]ials ( ! ,tab]nacle--,( ,%ittim ,wood--,analogy ( a ,*ur* ) ! ,human ,body--,( :at ! ,spiritual ,*ur* consi/e?--,( its ,f\ndations--,( ! ,walls--,( ! ,*oir--,( ,apses--,( ! ,cloi/] ,c\rt--,( ! ,t[]s--,( ! ,cock--,( ! ,p9nacles--,( ! ,w9d[s--,( ! ,lattice ,"w--,( ! ,doors--,( ! ,pi]s--,( ! ,beams--,( ! ,ro(--,( ! ,/alls--,( ! ,pulpit--,( ! ,rood ,l(t--,( ! ,h\rs--,( ! ,sanctu>y--,( ! ,sacri/y--,( ! ,ro( ,tiles--,( ! ,lights--,( ! ,crosses--,( ! ,cloi/]--,( ! ,bi%op's ,?rone--,:y we g toge!r to ,*ur*--,( ! ,sep>ation ( ! ,wom5 f ! ,m5--,( ! ,cov]+ ( ,wom5's ,heads--,( ,spee* 9 ,*ur*--,( ,immunity = ,malefactors--,:y ,*ur*es may be rebuilt 9 o!r ,places4 #a4 ,fir/ ( all1 let u consid] a *ur* ,footnote #aah & its p>ts4 ,! ^w *ur* ha? two mean+s3 ! "o1 a mat]ial build+1 :]e9 ! div9e (fices are celebrat$3 ! o!r1 a spiritual fabric1 :i* is ! collection ( ! fai?ful4 ,! ,*ur*1 t is ! p =m+ x1 is assembl$ by its m9i/]s1 & collect$ toge!r into #ac "o place by ',him :o make? m5 to be ( "o m9d 9 an h\se4' ,footnote #aai;,= z ! mat]ial *ur* is con/ruct$ f ! jo9+ toge!r ( v>i\s /ones1 s is ! spiritual ,*ur* by t ( v>i\s m54 ,footnote #aah3 ,x has be5 f\nd advisable to pr9t ! ^w *ur* 9 ! foll[+ pages ) a great or a small initial lett]1 accord+ z ',! ,bless$ ,company ( all ,fai?ful ,p1' or ! mat]ial build+1 7 int5d$4 ,footnote #aai3 ,psalm lxviii 7,exsurgat ,deus71 #f4 #b4 ,! ,greek ecclesia is 9 ,lat9 translat$ by convocation because x calle? m5 to itself3 ! :i* title do? bett] befit ! spiritual ?an ! mat]ial *ur*4 ,! mat]ial typifie? ! spiritual ,*ur*3 z %all be expla9$ :5 we treat ( its consecration4 ,footnote #abj ,aga91 ! ,*ur* is call$ ,ca?olic1 t is univ]sal1 because x ha? be5 set up 91 or spread ov]1 all ! _w1 because ! :ole multitude ( ! fai?ful ought to be 9 "o congregation1 or because 9 ! ,*ur* is laid up ! doctr9e necess>y = ! in/ruction ( all4 ,footnote #abj3 ,see bel[1 *apt] vi4 #c4 ,x is also call$ 9 ,greek synagoga1 9 ,lat9 congregatio1 :i* 0 ! "n *os5 by ! ,jews = _! places ( wor%ip3 = to !m ! t]m synagogue m appropriately belonge?1 ?\gh x be also appli$ to a *ur*4 ,b ! ,apo/les nev] call a *ur* by ?is title1 p]haps = ! sake ( di/9ction4 #d4 ,! ,*ur* ,militant is also call$ ,sion3 because1 amid/ its w&]+s1 x expecte? ! promise ( a heav5ly re/3 = ,sion signifie? expectation4 ,b ! ,*ur* ,triumphant1 our future home1 ! l& ( peace1 is call$ ,j]usalem3 = ,j]usalem signifie? ! vision ( peace4 ,footnote #aba ,footnote #aba3 ,s ! hymn 9 ! ,p>isian ,brevi>y1 = ! d$ication ( a *ur*3 ,urbs beata1 v]a pacis ,visio1 ,j]usalem4 ,also1 ! *ur* is call$ ! ,h\se ( ,god3 also1 sometimes1 ,greek text1 t is1 ! ,"l's ,h\se4 ,at o!rs basilica 79 ,lat91 a royal palace71 = ! abodes ( e>?ly k+s are ?us t]m$3 & h[ mu* m fitt+ly our h\ses ( pray]1 ! dwell+-places ( ! ,k+ ( ,k+s6 ,aga91 x is call$ temple1 f tectum amplum1 #ad :]e sacrifices are (f]$ to ,god3 & sometimes ! tab]nacle ( ,god1 because ?is pres5t life is a j\rney1 & a progress to a la/+ c\ntry3 & a tab]nacle is an ho/elrie3 ,footnote #abb z w be expla9$ :5 we speak ( ! d$ication ,footnote #abc ( a *ur*4 ,& :y x is call$ ! ,ark ( ! ,te/imony1 we %all say 9 ! ensu+ *apt]1 "u ! title ,alt>s4 ,sometimes x is call$ ,m>tyrium1 :5 rais$ 9 hon\r ( any m>tyr2 sometimes capella ,footnote #abd 7*apel71 7see "u ! head ,prie/ 9 ! second "p72 sometimes co5obium1 at o!rs sacrificium2 sometimes sacellum2 sometimes ! h\se ( pray]3 sometimes mona/]y3 sometimes oratory4 ,g5]ally1 h[ev]1 any place set ap>t = pray]s is call$ an oratory4 ,aga91 ! *ur* is call$ ! ,body ( ,*ri/ sometimes a virg91 z ! ,apo/le sai?1 't ,i may pres5t y z a *a/e virg9 to ,*ri/'3 ,footnote #abe sometimes a bride1 because ,*ri/ ha? betro!d h] to ,himself1 z sai? ! ,gospel3 'he t ha? ! bride is ! bridegroom'3 ,footnote #abf sometimes a "m1 = daily 9 baptism %e be>e? sons to ,god3 sometimes a daught]1 accord+ to t say+ ( ! ,prophet1 ',in/ead ( ?y fa!rs ?\ %alt h *ildr5'3 ,footnote #abg sometimes a wid[1 because '%e sitte? solit>y ?r\gh h] afflictions1 &1 l ,ra*el1 w n be com=t$4' ,sometimes %e is set =? "u ! emblem ( an h>lot1 because %e is call$ out ( _m nations1 & because %e close? n h] bosom aga9/ any t return to h]4 ,footnote #abb3 ,comp>e ,cic]o de ,s5ect4 xxiii4 ,et ex vita ita disc$o tanquam ex hospitio1 non tanquam ex domo3 commor&i enim ,natura div]sorium nobis1 non habit&i d$it4 ,footnote #abc3 ,*apt] vi1 sect4 #e1 ad f94 ,footnote #abd3 ,dur&us1 ,,ii4 #aj4 #h4 ',9 _m places1 prie/s be call$ *apla9s4 ,= ( old ! ,k+s ( ,france1 :5 !y w5t =? to w>1 c>ri$ ) !m ! ,cope ( ,bless$ ,m>t91 :i* 0 kept 9 a c]ta9 t5t 7:]e ,mass 0 said71 & f ! cope 7cappa7 ! t5t 0 call$ *apel 7capella74' ,we may obs]ve t *apel 0 us$ 9 =m] times ) mu* great] latitude ?an n[4 ,an additional aisle or *antry 0 s call$4 ,s 9 ,hadd5ham1 ,cambridge%ire1 on a brass 9 ! nor? aisle1 ,orate pro ,an9iabus fundatorum hujus ,capellae3 t is1 ! aisle itself4 ,footnote #abe3 #b ,cor4 xi1 #b4 ,footnote #abf3 ,s4 ,john iii1 #bi4 ,footnote #abg3 ,psalm xlv 7,eructavit cor meum71 #af4 #ae ,sometimes %e is call$ a city1 because ( ! communion ( h] holy citiz5s1 be+ def5d$ by ! munitions ( ! ,scriptures1 :]eby h]etics are kept (f3 hav+ /ones & beams ( div]s k9ds1 because ! m]its ( ! sa9ts are ( div]s k9ds also1 z %all be said bel[4 ,:atev] ! ,jewi% ,*ur* receiv$ by ! law1 t do? ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* receive1 & ) l>ge increase by grace1 f ,*ri/ ^: bride %e is4 ,! sett+ up ( an oratory1 or *ur*1 is n new4 ,= ! ,"l comm&$ ,moses 9 ,m\nt ,s9ai1 t he %\ld make a tab]nacle ( curi\sly wr\ght mat]ials4 ,?is 0 divid$ by a veil into two p>ts3 ! out]1 call$ ! holy place1 :]e ! p att5d$ ! sacrifices3 ! inn]1 ! holy ( holies1 :]e ! prie/s & ,levites m9i/]$ be=e ! ,"l 7see ! ,preface to ! ,f\r? ,book & also ,app5dix ,a74 #e4 ,?is tab]nacle hav+ decay$ ?r\gh age1 ! ,"l comm&$ t a temple %\ld be built1 :i* ,solomon accompli%$ ) wond]ful skill3 ?is also _h two p>ts1 l ! tab]nacle4 ,f bo? ( ^!1 namely1 f ! tab]nacle & ! temple1 do? our mat]ial *ur* take its =m4 ,9 its out] portion1 ! laity (f] _! pray]s1 & he> ! ,^w4 ,9 ! sanctu>y1 ! cl]gy pray1 prea*1 (f] praises & pray]s4 #f4 ,! tab]nacle1 built z x 0 amid/ ! j\rney+s ( ! ,israelites1 is sometimes tak5 z a type ( ! _w :i* 'passe? away1 & ! lu/ !re(' ,footnote #abh ,:5ce x 0 =m$ ) curta9s ( f\r col\rs1 z ! _w is compos$ ( f\r elem5ts4 ',god1' said ! ,prophet1 'is 9 ,8 tab]nacle'3 ,footnote #abi ,god is 9 ?is _w1 z 9 a temple dy$ sc>let by ! blood ( ,*ri/4 ,footnote #abh3 ,s4 ,john ii1 #ag4 ,footnote #abi3 ,psalm xi 7,9 ,dom9o confido71 #d4 #af ,! tab]nacle is1 h[ev]1 m especially symbolical ( ! ,*ur* ,militant1 :i* ha? '"h no cont9u+ city1 b seeke? "o to come4' ,footnote #acj ,!re=e is x call$ a tab]nacle1 = tab]nacles or t5ts belong to soldi]s3 & ?is say+1 ,god is 9 8 tab]nacle1 meane?1 ,god is among ! fai?ful collect$ toge!r 9 ,8 "n4 ,! out] "p ( ! tab]nacle1 :]e ! p sacrific$1 is ! active life1 :]e9 m5 give !mselves up to ! love ( _! neighb\r3 ! int]ior1 :]e9 ! ,levites m9i/]$1 is ! contemplative life1 :]e a b& ( religi\s m5 devote !mselves to ! love & contemplation ( ,god4 ,! tab]nacle gave place to ! temple3 because aft] ! w>f>e come? ! triumph4 ,footnote #acj3 ,hebrews xiii1 #ad4 #g4 ,n[ a *ur* is to be built on ?is fa%ion3 ,! f\ndation be+ prep>$1 accord+ to t say+1 ',x fell n1 = x 0 f\nd$ ^u a rock1' ,footnote #aca ! bi%op1 or a prie/ ,footnote #acb z ! bi%op's deputy1 mu/ spr9kle x ) holy wat]1 to bani% ! f\l =ms ( evil spirits1 & lay ! fir/ /one1 :]eon a cross mu/ be engrav$4 ,footnote #acc ,footnote #aca3 ,s4 ,mat!w vii1 #be4 ,9 g5]al illu/ration ( ! =ego+ sections ! read] is ref]r$ to ! fir/ *apt] ( ! eigh? book ( ,b+ham's ',antiquities4' ,footnote #acb3 ,9 ! acc\nt ( ! d$ication ( ,s4 ,mi*ael ! ,ar*angel1 9 ! ,isle ( ,gu]nsey1 pres]v$ 9 ! ',black ,book ( ! ,bi%op ( ,c\tances1' x appe>s t ! c]emony 0 p]=m$ by a prie/ ?\gh x is believ$ t su* has seldom be5 ! case 9 ! ,anglican ,*ur*4 ,b see *apt] vi1 section #b4 ,footnote #acc3 ,a cross 0 n only inscrib$ on ! f\ndation /one1 b a cross 0 plac$ :]e ! *ur* 0 to be3 & ?is 9 ! ,ea/]n ,*ur*2 :]e ! ,/auropegia 0 a c]emony ( mu* importance4 #h4 ,! f\ndation mu/ be s contriv$1 z t ! head ( ! *ur* may po9t due ea/ 7see ,app5dix ,b72 t is1 to t po9t ( ! heav5s1 :]e9 ! sun arise? at ! equ9oxes2 to signify1 t ! ,*ur* ,militant mu/ ,footnote #acd behave h]self ) mod]ation1 bo? 9 prosp]ity & adv]sity3 & n t[>ds t po9t :]e ! sun arise? at ! sol/ices1 :i* is ! practice ( "s4 ,footnote #acd3 ,?is passage is valuable z prov+ t 9 ! c\ntry ( our ,bi%op no?+ 0 kn[n ( a practice und\bt$ly preval5t 9 ,engl&2 ! direction ( a *ur* to t "p ( ! sky 9 :i* ! sun arose on ! ,fea/ ( ! ,patron ,sa9t4 #ag ,b if ! walls ( ,j]usalem1 ':i* is built z a city t is at unity ) itself1' ,footnote #ace 71 by ! ,prophet's comm&1 rais$ by ! ,jews1 ) h[ mu* great] zeal %\ld we raise ! walls ( our *ur*es6 ,= ! mat]ial *ur*1 :]e9 ! p assemble to set =? ,god's holy praise1 symbolise? t ,holy ,*ur* :i* is built 9 heav5 ( liv+ /ones4 ,footnote #ace3 ,psalm cxxii 7,laetatus sum71 #c4 #i4 ,?is is t ,h\se ( ! ,"l1 built ) all /r5g?1 '^u ! f\ndations ( ! apo/les & prophets1 ,jesus ,*ri/ ,himself be+ ! *ief corn]/one4 ,footnote #acf ,h] ,footnote #acg f\ndations are 9 ! holy m\nta9s4' ,! walls built ^u ^! are ! ,jews & ,g5tiles2 :o come f ! f\r p>ts ( ! _w unto ,*ri/1 & :o h believ$1 believe1 or %all believe on ,him4 ,footnote #acf3 ,eph4 ii1 #bj4 ,footnote #acg3 ,psalm lxxxvii 7,fundam5ta ejus71 ,i4 ,! fai?ful pr$e/9at$ to et]nal life1 are ! /ones 9 ! /ructure ( ?is wall :i* %all cont9ually be built up unto ! _w's end4 ,& "o /one is add$ to ano!r1 :5 ma/]s 9 ! ,*ur* tea* & confirm & /r5g!n ^? :o are put "u !m3 & :osoev] 9 ,holy ,*ur* und]take? pa9ful lab\rs f bro!rly love1 he z x 7 be>e? up ! weight ( /ones :i* h be5 plac$ above him4 ,^? /ones :i* are ( l>g] size1 & poli%$1 or squ>$1 & plac$ on ! outside & at ! angles ( ! build+1 are m5 ( holi] life ?an o!rs1 :o by _! m]its & pray]s reta9 weak] bre?r5 9 ,holy ,*ur*4 #aj4 ,! cem5t1 )\t :i* !re c be no /ability ( ! walls1 is made ( lime1 s&1 & wat]4 ,! lime is f]v5t *>ity1 :i* jo9e? to itself ! s&1 t is1 und]tak+s = ! temporal welf>e ( our bre?r53 #ah because true *>ity take? c>e ( ! wid[ & ! ag$1 & ! infant1 & ! infirm3 & !y :o h x /udy to "w ) _! h&s1 t !y may possess :]e) to b5efit !m4 ,n[ ! lime & ! s& are b\nd toge!r 9 ! wall by an admixture ( wat]4 ,b wat] is an emblem ( ! ,_s4 ,& z )\t cem5t ! /ones _c coh]e1 s nei!r c m5 be built up 9 ! heav5ly ,j]usalem )\t *>ity1 :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ worke? 9 !m4 ,all ! /ones are poli%$ & squ>$--t is1 holy & pure1 & are built by ! h&s ( ! ,great ,workman into an abid+ place 9 ! ,*ur*3 :]e( "s are borne1 & be> no?+1 z ! weak] memb]s3 "s are bo? borne & be>1 z ^? ( mod]ate /r5g?3 & "s be>1 & are borne ( none save ,*ri/1 ! corn]-/one1 z !y t are p]fect4 ,all are b\nd toge!r by "o _s ( *>ity1 z ?\gh fa/5$ ) cem5t2 & ^? liv+ /ones are knit toge!r 9 ! bond ( peace4 ,*ri/ 0 our wall 9 ,8 conv]sation3 & our out] wall 9 ,8 ,passion4 #aa4 ,:5 ! ,jews 7 rebuild+ ! walls ( ,j]usalem1 _! enemies /rove h>d to let ! works3 s t '!y built ) "o h&1 & held _! weapons ( w> 9 ! o!r4' ,& r\nd u too d enemies ga!r1 :ile we are build+ ! walls ( our ,*ur*3 our own s9s1 or ungodly m51 will+ to h9d] our success4 ,:5ce1 :ile we build our walls1 t is1 :ile we add virtue to virtue1 we mu/ fight ) ! enemy1 & grasp our weapons firmly3 we mu/ 'take ! helmet ( salvation1 ! %ield ( fai?1 ! brea/plate ( righte\sness3 & = our sword ! ^w ( ,god1' ,footnote #ach t we may def5d ourselves aga9/ !m3 & ,god's prie/ %all be unto u 9 ,*ri/'s /ead1 to tea* u by 8 lessons1 & def5d u by 8 pray]s4 ,footnote #ach3 ,eph4 vi1 #af1 #ag4 #ai #ab4 ,fur!rmore1 ( :at ! tab]nacle 0 made ! ,"l ha? told u1 say+ unto ,moses1 ',take ! fir/ fruits1'--t is1 ! mo/ preci\s gifts--'( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel3 b f him alone :o will+ly (f]e? gold1 & silv]1 & brass1 & preci\s /ones1 & purple & l95 twice dy$'2 namely clo? ( ! col\rs ( blue1 purple1 & sc>let3 & ( biss1 :i* is a k9d ( ,egyptian l95 :ite & s(t3 '& goat's hair1 & rams' sk9s dy$ r$1' :i* we call ,p>?ian1 because ! ,p>?ians fir/ dy$ !m ?us1 '& purple sk9s & %ittim wood' 7%ittim is ! "n ( a m\nta91 & also ( a tree3 its leaves are l ! :ite ?orn1 & to be injur$ nei!r by fire nor by decay73 '& oil = ! lights1 frank9c5se1 & o9tm5t ( a sweet sav\r1 onyx /ones1 & s>d-onyxes1 & jewels3 & let !m make ,me a h\se1 t ,i may dwell 9 ! mid/ ( !m3 & t !y may n we>y !mselves 9 return+ to ?is m\nta94' ,footnote #aci ,footnote #aci3 ,exodus xxv1 #b4 #ad4 ,! arrangem5t ( a mat]ial *ur* resemble? t ( ! human body3 ! *ancel1 or place :]e ! alt> is1 repres5te? ! head3 ! transepts1 ! h&s & arms1 & ! rema9d]--t[>ds ! we/--! re/ ( ! body4 ,! sacrifice ( ! alt> d5ote? ! v[s ( ! he>t4 ,fur!rmore1 accord+ to ,ri*>d de ,sancto ,victore1 ! arrangem5t ( a *ur* typifie? ! ?ree /ates 9 ! ,*ur*3 ( virg9s1 ( ! cont95t1 ( ! m>ri$4 #bj ,! sanctu>y ,footnote #adj is small] ?an ! *ancel1 & ?is ?an ! nave3 because ! virg9s are few] 9 numb] ,footnote #ada ?an ! cont95t1 & ^! ?an ! m>ri$4 ,& ! sanctu>y is m holy ?an ! *ancel3 & ! *ancel ?an ! nave3 because ! ord] ( virg9s is m wor?y ?an t ( ! cont95t1 & ! cont95t m wor?y ?an ! m>ri$4 ,footnote #adj3 ,! sanctu>y ( c\rse means t ea/]mo/ division 9 *ur*es consi/+ ( ?ree p>ts1 :i* /ill rema9s 9 _m ,norman build+s1 & ( :i* ,kilpeck1 9 ,h]e=d%ire1 may be tak5 z a type4 ,^! *ur*es are g5]ally apsidal3 b !re are in/ances to ! contr>y1 z ,bi%op/one1 9 ,sussex4 ,a view ( ! sanctum sanctorum & *ancel ar*es 9 ?is *ur* is giv5 9 ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society's ',illu/rations ( ,monum5tal ,brasses1' "p iv4 ,footnote #ada3 ,?is passage is some:at obscure2 b ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! virg9s & ! cont95t appe>s to be ?is3 by ! =m] are meant ^? :o h tak5 v[s ( celibacy2 by ! latt]1 ^? :o practise x1 )\t1 h[ev]1 hav+ b\nd !mselves to x by v[4 #ae4 ,fur!rmore1 ! *ur* consi/e? ( f\r walls1 t is1 is built on ! doctr9e ( ! ,f\r ,evangeli/s2 & ha? l5g?1 bread?1 & height3 ! height repres5te? c\rage1 ! l5g? =titude1 :i* pati5tly endure? till x atta9e? its heav5ly home2 ! bread? is *>ity1 :i*1 ) long suff]+1 love? its fri5ds 9 ,god1 & its foes = ,god2 & aga91 its height is ! hope ( future retribution1 :i* despise? prosp]ity & adv]sity1 hop+ 'to see ! goodness ( ! ,"l 9 ! l& ( ! liv+4' ,footnote #adb ,footnote #adb3 ,psalm xxvii 7,dom9us illum9atio71 #ac4 #af4 ,aga91 9 ! temple ( ,god1 ! f\ndation is fai?1 :i* is conv]sant ) unse5 ?+s3 ! ro(1 *>ity1 ':i* cov]e? a multitude ( s9s4' ,footnote #adc ,! door1 ob$i5ce1 ( :i* ! ,"l sai?1 ',if ?\ wilt ent] into life1 keep ! comm&m5ts4' ,footnote #add ,! pavem5t1 humility1 ( :i* ! ,psalmi/ sai?1 ',my s\l cleave? to ! pavem5t4' ,footnote #ade ,footnote #adc3 ,i ,s4 ,pet] iv1 #h4 ,footnote #add3 ,s4 ,mat!w xix1 #ag4 ,footnote #ade3 ,psalm cxix 7,adhaesit pavim5to71 #be4 #ag4 ,! f\r side-walls1 ! f\r c>d9al virtues1 ju/ice1 =titude1 temp]ance1 prud5ce4 ,h5ce ! ,apocalypse sai?1 ',! city lie? f\r-squ>e4' ,footnote #adf ,! w9d[s are hospitality ) *e]fulness1 & t5d]ness ) *>ity4 ,footnote #adf3 ,rev4 xxi1 #af4 #ba ,conc]n+ ?is h\se sai? ! ,"l1 ',we w come unto him1 & make our abode ) him4' ,footnote #adg ,b "s *ur*es are built 9 ! %ape ( a cross1 to signify1 t we are crucifi$ to ! _w1 & %\ld tread 9 ! /eps ( ! ,crucifi$1 accord+ to t say+1 ',if any man w come aft] ,me1 let him d5y himself & take up 8 cross1 & foll[ ,me4' ,footnote #adh ,"s also are built 9 ! =m ( a circle3 ,footnote #adi to signify t ! ,*ur* ha? be5 ext5d$ ?r\gh\t ! circle ( ! _w1 z sai? ! ,psalmi/3 ',& _! words unto ! end ( ! _w4' ,footnote #aej ,or because f ! circle ( ?is _w1 we rea* =? to t cr[n ( et]nity :i* %all encircle our br[s4 ,footnote #adg3 ,s4 ,john xiv1 #bc4 ,footnote #adh3 ,s4 ,mat!w xvi1 #ah4 ,footnote #adi3 ,?is ( c\rse ref]s to ! ,*ur* ( ! ,holy ,sepul*re1 ! prototype ( ^! build+s4 ,!re are f\r1 z x is well kn[n1 9 ,engl& yet /&+1 & two 9 ru9s--namely1 ,temple ,aslackby1 9 ,l9coln%ire1 & ! *ur* 9 ,ludl[ ,ca/le4 ,footnote #aej3 ,psalm xix 7,caeli en>rant71 #d4 #ah4 ,! *oir is s call$ f ! h>mony ( ! cl]gy 9 _! *ant+1 or f ! multitude collect$ at ! div9e (fices4 ,! ^w *orus is d]iv$ f *orea1 or f corona4 ,= 9 e>ly times !y /ood l a cr[n r\nd ! alt>1 & ?us sung ! ,psalms 9 "o body3 b ,flavianus & ,!odorus taught ! antiphonal me?od ( *ant+1 hav+ receiv$ x f ,s4 ,ignatius1 :o himself le>nt x by inspiration4 ,! two *oirs !n typify ! angels1 & ! spirits ( j m51 :ile !y *e]fully & mutually excite ea* o!r 9 ?is holy ex]cise4 ,o!rs d]ive *orus f concord1 :i* consi/e? ( *>ity2 because he :o ha? n *>ity1 _c s+ ) ! _s4 ,b :at ?is *oir signifie?1 & :y ! greate/ 9 x sit la/1 %all be expla9$ 9 ! f\r? book4 ,footnote #aea ,& obs]ve1 t :5 "o s+s1 x is call$ 9 ,greek a monody1 9 ,lat9 tyc9ium4 ,:5 two s+1 x is call$ bic9ium2 :5 _m1 a *orus4 ,footnote #aea3 ,we may obs]ve t ,prynne p]v]ts ! fact1 t ! we/]nmo/ seats 9 ! *oir are ! mo/ hon\rable1 to a depreciation ( ! ,ca?olic cu/om ( ! position ( ! alt>4 ,see 8 ',pacific ,exam9ation1' s4v4 #bb #ai4 ,! ex$ra is an apsis1 sep>at$ a little f a temple or palace2 s call$ because x projecte? a little f ! wall 79 ,greek ,greek text71 & signifie? ! lay portion ( ! fai?ful jo9$ to ,*ri/ & ! ,*ur*4 ,! crypts1 or subt]ranean caves1 :i* we f9d 9 "s *ur*es1 are h]mits :o are devot$ to a solit>y life4 #bj4 ,! op5 c\rt signifie? ,*ri/1 by ,:om an entrance is adm9i/]$ into ! heav5ly ,j]usalem3 ?is is also call$ por*1 f porta1 a gate1 or because x is ap]ta1 op54 #ba4 ,! t[]s are ! prea*]s & prelates ( ! ,*ur*1 :i* are h] bulw>k & def5ce4 ,:5ce ! bridegroom 9 ! ,canticles sai? to ! bride1 ',?y neck is l ! t[] ( ,david build$ = an arm\ry4' ,footnote #aeb ,! p9nacles ( ! t[]s signify ! life or ! m9d ( a prelate :i* aspire? heav5w>ds4 ,footnote #aeb3 ,canticles iv1 #d4 #bb4 ,! cock at ! summit ( ! *ur* is a type ( prea*]s4 ,= ! cock1 ev] wat*ful ev5 9 ! dep? ( night1 give? notice h[ ! h\rs pass1 wak5e? ! sleep]s1 pr$icte? ! approa* ( day1 b fir/ excite? himself to cr[ by /rik+ 8 sides ) 8 w+s4 ,!re is a my/]y convey$ 9 ea* ( ^! p>ticul>s4 ,! night is ?is _w3 ! sleep]s are ! *ildr5 ( ?is _w :o are asleep 9 _! s9s4 ,! cock is ! prea*]1 :o prea*e? boldly1 & excite? ! sleep]s to ca/ away ! works ( d>kness1 exclaim+1 ',woe to !m t sleep6 ,awake ?\ t sleepe/6 ,footnote #aec ,& ^! =etell ! approa* ( day :5 !y speak ( ! ,day ( ,judgm5t1 & ! glory t %all be reveal$3 & l prud5t #bc mess5g]s1 be=e !y tea* o!rs1 ar\se !mselves f ! sleep ( s9 by mortify+ _! bodies4 ,:5ce ! ,apo/le1 ',i keep "u my body4' ,footnote #aed ,& z ! wea!rcock face? ! w9d1 !y turn !mselves boldly to meet ! rebelli\s by ?reats & argum5ts3 le/ !y %\ld be guilty1 ':5 ! wolf come?1 ( leav+ ! %eep & flee+4' ,footnote #aee ,! iron rod1 :]eon ! cock sitte?1 repres5te? ! disc\rse ( ! prea*]1 t he speake? n ( man b ( ,god3 accord+ to t say+1 ',if any man speak1 let him speak z ! oracles ( ,god4' ,footnote #aef ,b 9 t ! iron rod is plac$ above ! cross1 on ! summit ( ! *ur*1 x signifie? t ,holy ,scripture is n[ consummat$ & confirm$4 ,:5ce sai? our ,"l 9 ,8 ,passion1 ',x is f9i%$'3 & t title is writt5 indelibly ov] ,him4 ,footnote #aec3 ,eph4 v1 #ad4 ,footnote #aed3 #a ,cor4 ix1 #bg4 ,footnote #aee3 ,s4 ,john x1 #ab4 ,footnote #aef3 ,i ,s4 ,pet] iv1 #aa4 #bc4 ,! cone1 t is ! summit ( ! *ur*1 ( great height1 & ( r\nd %ape1 signifie? h[ p]fectly & inviolably ! ,ca?olic fai? mu/ be held3 :i* fai? except a man d keep :ole & undefil$1 )\t d\bt he %all p]i% ev]la/+ly4 #bd4 ,! glass w9d[s 9 a *ur* are ,holy ,scriptures1 :i* expel ! w9d & ! ra91 t is all ?+s hurtful1 b transmit ! light ( ! true ,sun1 t is1 ,god1 into ! he>ts ( ! fai?ful4 ,^! are wid] ,footnote #aeg )9 ?an )\t1 because ! my/ical s5se is ! m ample1 & prec$e? ! lit]al mean+4 ,also1 by ! w9d[s ! s5ses ( ! body are signifi$3 :i* ought to be %ut to ! vanities ( ?is _w1 & op5 to receive ) all fre$om spiritual gifts4 ,footnote #aeg3 ,?is passage is p>ticul>ly to be obs]v$1 = ! reason giv5 9 ! ,introduction4 #be4 ,by ! lattice "w ,footnote #aeh ( ! w9d[s1 we und]/& ! prophets or o!r obscure tea*]s ( ! ,*ur* ,militant3 9 :i* w9d[s !re are (t5 two %afts1 signify+ ! two precepts ( *>ity1 or because ! apo/les 7 s5t out to prea* two & two4 ,footnote #aeh3 ,see ,app5dix ,i4 #bd #bf4 ,! door ( ! *ur* is ,*ri/3 accord+ to t say+ 9 ! ,gospel1 ',i am ! door4' ,footnote #aei ,! apo/les are also call$ doors4 ,footnote #aei3 ,s4 ,john x1 #i4 #bg4 ,! pi]s ( ! *ur* are bi%ops & doctors3 :o specially su/a9 ! ,*ur* ( ,god by _! doctr9e4 ,^!1 f ! maje/y & cle>ness ( _! div9e message1 are call$ silv]1 accord+ to t 9 ! ,song ( ,songs1 ',he made silv] columns4' ,footnote #afj ,:5ce also ,moses at ! ent]+ 9 ( ! tab]nacle1 plac$ five columns1 & f\r be=e ! oracle1 t is1 ! holy ( holies4 ,al?\gh ! pi]s are m 9 numb] ?an sev51 yet !y are call$ sev51 accord+ to t say+1 ',wisdom ha? build$ h] h\se1 %e ha? hewn out h] sev5 pill>s'3 ,footnote #afa because bi%ops ought to be fill$ ) ! sev5fold influ5ces ( ! ,holy ,gho/3 ,footnote #afb & ,,ss4 ,james & ,john1 z ! ,apo/le te/ifie?1 'seem$ to be pill>s4' ,footnote #afc ,! bases ( ! columns are ! apo/olic bi%ops1 ,footnote #afd :o support ! frame ( ! :ole *ur*4 ,! capitals ( ! pi]s are ! op9ions ( ! bi%ops & doctors4 ,= z ! memb]s are direct$ & mov$ by ! head1 s are our words & works gov]n$ by _! m9d4 ,! ornam5ts ( ! capitals are ! words ( ,sacr$ ,scripture1 to ! m$itation & obs]vance ( :i* we are b\nd4 ,footnote #afj3 ,canticles viii1 #i4 ,footnote #afa3 ,prov4 viii1 ,i4 ,footnote #afb3 ,comp>e ! ,v5i ,creator3 ,?\ ! ano9t+ ,_s art1 ,:o do/ ,?y sev5fold gifts imp>t4 ,footnote #afc3 ,gal ii1 #i4 ,footnote #afd3 ,t is1 x may be suppos$1 bi%ops ( ^? sees :i* 7 f\nd$ by ! apo/les !mselves1 e4g4 ,rome1 ,crete1 ,ephesus4 #bh4 ,! pavem5t ( ! *ur* is ! f\ndation ( our fai?4 ,b 9 ! spiritual ,*ur*1 ! pavem5t is ! poor1 ( ,*ri/3 ! poor 9 _s1 :o humble !mselves 9 all ?+3 :]e=e on acc\nt ( _! #be humility !y are lik5$ to ! pavem5t4 ,aga91 ! pavem5t1 :i* is trodd5 "u foot1 repres5te? ! multitude1 by ^: lab\rs ! ,*ur* is su/a9$4 #bi4 ,! beams ,footnote #afe :i* jo9 toge!r ! *ur* are ! pr9ces ( ?is _w or ! prea*]s :o def5d ! unity ( ! ,*ur*1 ! "o by de$1 ! o!r by argum5t4 ,footnote #afe3 ,beams4 ,t is1 probably1 tie-beams3 "h is ano!r ref]5ce to ! ar*itectural arrangem5ts ( ,e>ly ,engli% date4 #cj4 ,! /alls 9 ! *ur* signify ! contemplative1 9 :om ,god dwelle? )\t h9drance1 :o1 f _! high dignity & ! glory ( et]nal life1 are comp>$ to gold4 ,:5ce ,he sai? 9 ! ,canticles1 ',he made a gold5 seat4' ,footnote #aff ,footnote #aff3 ,see ,app5dix ,i4 #ca4 ,! beams 9 ! *ur* are prea*]s1 :o spiritually su/a9 x4 ,! vault+ also1 or ceil+1 repres5te? prea*]s1 :o adorn & /r5g!n x1 conc]n+ :om1 see+ t !y are n corruptible ?r\gh vice1 ! bridegroom glorie? 9 ! same ,canticles1 say+ '! beams ( our h\se are c$>1 & its ceil+1 fir4' ,= ,god ha? built ,8 ,*ur* ( liv+ /ones1 & imp]i%able wood1 accord+ to t say+1 ',solomon made himself a litt] ( c$> wood2' ,footnote #afg t is1 ,*ri/1 ( ,8 sa9ts :o we> ! :ite robe ( *a/ity4 ,footnote #afg3 ,x is v difficult to f9d ! "r mean+ ( ! ^w f]culum "h4 ,! ,engli% v]sion gives ! passage f ! ,canticles1 ',k+ ,solomon made himself a *>iot 7m>g4 read+1 b$7 ( ! wood ( ,lebanon4 ,9 ! extremely beautiful treatise ( ,hugo de ,s4 ,victore1 ,de ,nuptiis ,spiritualibus7cap4 iii71 ! f]cula nuptialia appe> to mean ! m>riage fea/1 :i* is to p]=m its "p 9 ! g5]al ,s5suum refectio1 by its sweet sav\rs2 z ! b$ or *>iot ( ,solomon is not$ = ! od\r ( its c$> wood4 ,h[ev]1 ! same writ] devotes five ,tituli ( 8 ,erudit4 ,!olog4 ,ex ,miscellan4 namely1 lix--lxii ( ! fir/ book1 & cxxi ( ! second1 to ! consid]ation ( ?is ,f]culum ,solomonis3 :i* he decides to be a lectica s5 vehiculum1 a litt] or s$an 7su* z is n[ us$ 9 ,sicily "u ! "n ( lettiga71 diff]+ f ! lectulus or b$ 7,cant1 i1 #af71 inasmu* z ?is d5otes ! repose ( ! contemplative life1 :ile ! f]culum typifies ! labori\s ex]cise ( ! active life2 & diff]+ aga9 f ! currus or *>iot 7! only o!r vehicle m5tion$ 9 ,holy ,scripture71 s9ce ! latt] is drawn on ! e>? ) a grat+ noise1 & repres5ts a deprav$ he>t cl++ to e>?ly ?+s1 b ! =m] is borne smoo?ly & quietly above ! gr\nd1 an image ( ! righte\s s\l despis+ e>?ly & seek+ heav5ly ?+s4 ,la/ly1 ! f]culum1 or litt]1 typifies ! ,*ur*1 f c>ry+1 a f]5do1 z do? ! ,*ur* h] *ildr5 unto ,heav5ly ,re/4 #bf ,! *ancel1 t is1 ! head ( ! *ur*1 be+ l[] ,footnote #afh ?an its body1 signifie? h[ great humility !re %\ld be 9 ! cl]gy1 or 9 prelates1 accord+ to t say+1 ',& ! m ?\ art exalt$1 humble ?yself 9 all ?+s4' ,! rail1 by :i* ! alt> ,footnote #afi is divid$ f ! *oir1 tea*e? ! sep>ation ( ?+s cele/ial f ?+s t]re/rial4 ,footnote #afh3 ,! fact t 9 _m unalt]$ & unmutilat$ *ur*es ! *ancel is l[] ?an ! nave1 appe>s to h be5 unnotic$ by ecclesiologi/s4 ,:]ev] x occurs1 ,william ,d[s+1 or "s ( 8 puritanical coadjutors1 h be5 suppos$ ag5ts 9 ! matt]4 ,b !re exi/ *ancels1 :i*1 :e!r f ! height ( ! pisc9a & s$ilia1 or on o!r acc\nts1 _c h be5 l[]$1 to :i* nev]!less !re is a desc5t f ! nave4 ,su* an "o is t ( ,s4 ,giles's at ,cambridge3 & ! arrangem5t is v common 9 ! little *ur*es ( ! s\?-we/ "p ( ,sussex4 ,footnote #afi3 ,?is is ano!r v rem>kable passage3 & "o :i* proves t ! injunction ( ,abp4 ,laud = ! erection ( alt> rails 0 n a novelty4 ,& ?\gh _! abolition is mu* to be wi%$1 z well f ! ugl9ess ( all exi/+ specim5s1 z f ! irrev]5ce :i* !y seem to pre-suppose1 ! ,*ur* 9 ,engl& c sc>cely be *>g$ ) ! adoption ( an innovation 9 giv+ h] sanction to !m4 #cb4 ,! seats 9 ! *oir admoni% u t ! body mu/ sometimes be refre%$3 because t :i* ha? n alt]nate re/ wante? durability4 #cc4 ,! pulpit 9 ! *ur* is ! life ( ! p]fect3 & is s call$ f be+ public1 or plac$ 9 a public place4 ,= we read1 ',solomon made a braz5 scaffold1 & set x 9 ! mid/ ( ! temple1 & /ood ^u x1 & /ret*+ =? 8 h&s spake to ! p ( ,god4' ,esdras also made a wood5 scaffold = speak+3 9 :i* :5 he /ood1 he 0 high] ?an ! re/ ( ! p4 ,footnote #agj ,footnote #agj3 #c ,k+s vi1 #ac4 #cd4 ,! analogium 7rood-l(t7 is s call$ because 9 x ! ,^w ( ,god is read & deliv]$4 ,:i* also is call$ ambo1 f ambire1 ,footnote #aga to surr\nd1 because x surr\nde? him t ent]e? 94 ,footnote #aga3 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 a false d]ivation4 ,! important subject ( ,rood-l(ts has be5 treat$ ) admirable le>n+ by ,fa!r ,?i]s1 9 8 treatise ',sur les jubs1' to :i* ! read] is ref]r$4 ,see also ,app5dix ,c4 #bg #ce4 ,! horologium1 by means ( :i* ! h\rs are read1 tea*e? ! dilig5ce t %\ld be 9 prie/s to obs]ve at ! prop] times ! canonical h\rs3 z he sai?1 ',sev5 times a day d ,i praise !e4' ,footnote #agb ,footnote #agb3 ,psalm 7cxix71 ,beati immaculati1 #afd4 #cf4 ,! tiles ,footnote #agc ( ! ro( :i* keep (f ! ra9 are ! soldi]s1 :o pres]ve ! ,*ur* f paynim1 & f enemies4 ,footnote #agc3 ,?is passage des]ves to be notic$1 z prov+ t lead 0 n ! only ro(+ employ$ 9 ! ,norman *ur*es4 #cg4 ,! circul> /aircases1 :i* are imitat$ f ,solomon's temple1 are passages :i* w9d among ! walls1 & po9t out ! hidd5 k :i* !y only h :o asc5d to cele/ial ?+s4 ,conc]n+ ! /eps1 by :i* asc5t is made to ! alt>1 h]eaft]4 #ch4 ,! sacri/y1 or place :]e ! holy vessels are deposit$1 or :]e ! prie/ putte? on 8 robes1 is ! womb ( ! ,bless$ ,m>y1 :]e ,*ri/ put on 8 robes ( humanity4 ,! prie/1 hav+ rob$ himself1 come? =? into ! public view1 because ,*ri/1 hav+ come f ! womb ( ! ,virg91 proce$$ =? into ! _w4 ,! bi%op's ?rone 9 ! *ur* is high] ?an ! re/4 #ci4 ,ne> to ! alt>1 :i* signifie? ,*ri/1 is plac$ ! pisc9a1 or lavacrum1 t is1 ! pity ( ,*ri/1 9 :i* ! prie/ wa%e? 8 h&s1 !reby d5ot+ t by baptism & p5it5ce we are purg$ f ! fil? ( s93 :i* is drawn f ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,= he sai? 9 ,exodus1 ',& ,moses made a lav] ( brass1 ) 8 bas91 9 ! :i* ,a>on ! prie/ & 8 sons %\ld wa%1 be=e !y w5t up to ! alt>1 t !y might (f] an (f]+4 ,footnote #agd ,footnote #agd3 ,exodus xxxviii1 #h4 #bh #dj4 ,! lamp 9 ! *ur* is ,*ri/3 z ,he sai?1 ',i am ! light ( ! _w'2 ,footnote #age & aga91 ',t 0 ! true light4' ,footnote #agf ',or ! light 9 a *ur* may d5ote ! apo/les & o!r doctors1 by ^: doctr9e ! ,*ur* is enlight5$1 z ! sun & moon3 conc]n+ :om sai? ! ,"l1 ',ye are ! light ( ! _w3 ,footnote #agg t is1 an example ( good works4 ,:]e=e ,he sai? to !m 9 ,8 admonitions1 ',let y\r light %9e be=e m54' ,footnote #agh ,b ! ,*ur* is enlight5$ by ! precepts ( ! ,"l2 :]e=e x sai? 9 ! be=e-quot$ place1 ',speak unto ! sons ( ,a>on t !y (f] oil-olive mo/ pure1 t ! lamp may burn cont9ually 9 ! tab]nacle ( ! te/imony4' ,footnote #agi ,moses made also sev5 lights1 :i* are ! sev5 gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/3 = !y 9 ! d>kness ( ?is _w %9e =? ) brightness3 & !y re/ 9 c&le/icks1 because 9 ,*ri/ re/$ '! _s ( wisdom & k1 ! _s ( c\nsel & might1 ! _s ( le>n+ & piety1 ! _s ( ! fe> ( ! ,"l1 by :i* ,he prea*$ wisdom to ! captives4' ,footnote #ahj ,! numb] ( lights %[e? ! numb] ( graces 9 ! fai?ful4 ,footnote #age3 ,s4 ,john viii1 #ab4 ,footnote #agf3 ,s4 ,john i1 #f4 ,footnote #agg3 ,s4 ,mat!w v1 #ad4 ,footnote #agh3 ,s4 ,mat!w v1 #af4 ,footnote #agi3 ,lev4 xxiv1 #b4 ,footnote #ahj3 ,isaiah lxi1 i4 #da4 ,9 _m places a triumphal cross is plac$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! *ur*2 to tea* u1 t f ! mid/ ( our he>ts we mu/ love ! ,r$eem]3 :o1 aft] ,solomon's patt]n1 'pav$ ! mid/ ( 8 litt] 7f]culum7 ) love = ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem3' ,footnote #aha & t all1 see+ ! sign ( victory1 might exclaim4 ,hail1 ?\ ,salvation ( ! :ole _w1 ,tree ( our ,r$emption3 & t we %\ld nev] =get ! love ( ,god1 :o1 to r$eem ,8 s]vants1 gave ,8 only son1 t we might imitate ,him crucifi$4 ,b ! cross is exalt$ on high1 to signify ! victory ( ,*ri/4 ,:y a *ur* is ornam5t$ )9 & n )\t1 %all be said h]eaft]4 ,footnote #aha3 ,cantic4 iii1 #aj4 #bi #db4 ,! cloi/]s1 z ,ri*>d1 ,bi%op ( ,cremona1 te/ifie?1 _h _! rise ei!r 9 ! wat*+s ( ! ,levites ar\nd ! tab]nacle1 or f ! *amb]s ( ! prie/s1 or f ! por* ( ,solomon's temple4 ',= ! ,"l comm&$ ,moses1 t he %\ld n numb] ! ,levites ) ! re/ ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel2 b %\ld set !m ov] ! tab]nacle ( ! te/imony to c>ry x & to keep x4' ,footnote #ahb ,on acc\nt ( :i* div9e comm&m5t1 :ile ! ,holy ,my/]ies are 9 celebration1 ! cl]gy %\ld 9 ! *ur* /& ap>t f ! laity4 ,:5ce ! ,c\ncil ( ,may5ce orda9$ t ! "p :i* is sep>at$ ) rails f ! alt> %\ld be appropriat$ altoge!r to ! prie/s *oral4 ,fur!rmore1 z ! *ur* signifie? ! ,*ur* ,triumphant1 s ! cloi/] signifie? ! cele/ial ,p>adise1 :]e !re w be "o & ! same he>t 9 fulfill+ ! comm&s ( ,god & lov+ ,him3 :]e all ?+s w be possess$ 9 common1 because t ( :i* "o ha? less1 he w rejoice to see m ab\nd+ 9 ano!r1 = ',god %all be all 9 all4' ,footnote #ahc ,!re=e ! regul> cl]gy :o live 9 ! cloi/]s1 & are ( "o m9d1 ris+ to ! s]vice ( ,god & leav+ worldly ?+s1 lead _! lives 9 common4 ,! v>i\s (fices 9 ! cloi/] signify ! diff]5t mansions1 & ! diff]5ce ( rew>ds 9 ! ,k+dom3 = ',9 ,my ,fa!r's ,h\se are _m mansions1' ,footnote #ahd sai? our ,"l4 ,b 9 a moral s5se ! cloi/] is ! contemplative /ate1 into :i* ! s\l betak+ itself1 is sep>at$ f ! cr[d ( c>nal ?\ghts1 & m$itate? on cele/ial ?+s only4 ,9 ?is cloi/] !re are f\r sides3 d5ot+1 namely1 contempt ( self1 contempt ( ! _w1 love ( ,god1 love ( our neighb\r4 ,ea* side ha? 8 own r[ ( ,columns4 ,contempt ( self ha? humiliation ( s\l1 mortification ( ! fle%1 humility ( spee*1 & ! l4 ,! base ( all ! columns is pati5ce4 ,footnote #ahb3 ,numb]s i1 #dg2 xviii1 #f4 ,footnote #ahc3 ,i ,cor9?1 xv1 #bh4 ,footnote #ahd3 ,s4 ,john xv1 #b4 #cj #dc4 ,9 ?is cloi/] ! div]sity ( (fice-*amb]s is ! div]sity ( virtues4 ,! *apt]-h\se is ! secret ( ! he>t3 conc]n+ ?is1 h[ev]1 we %all speak diff]5tly h]eaft]4 ,! refectory is ! love ( holy m$itation4 ,! cell>1 ,holy ,scripture4 ,! dormitory1 a clean consci5ce4 ,! oratory1 a spotless life4 ,! g>d5 ( trees & h]bs1 ! collection ( virtues4 ,! well1 ! dew ( ,god's heav5ly gifts2 :i* 9 ?is _w mitigate? our ?ir/1 & h]eaft] w qu5* x4 #dd4 ,! ,episcopal ?rone1 :i* accord+ to ! injunctions ( ,sa9t ,pet] has be5 ( old consecrat$ 9 ea* city 7z %all be said bel[71 ! piety ( our =efa!rs d$icat$1 n 9 memory ( confessors1 b to ! hon\r ( apo/les & m>tyrs1 & especially ( ! ,bless$ ,virg9 ,m>y4 #de4 ,b we !re=e g to *ur*1 t we may !re ask = ! p>don ( our s9s1 & assi/ 9 ! div9e praises3 z %all be said 9 ! proeme ( ! fif? book1 & t !re we may he> ,god's proce$+s ,footnote #ahe ) ! good & ! ill1 & le>n & receive ! k ( ,god1 & t we may !re fe$ on ! ,"l's body4 ,footnote #ahe3 ,su* is probably ! mean+ ( ! passage4 ,! orig9al is ut iti bona sive mala judicia audiamus4 #df4 ,9 *ur*1 m5 & wom5 sit ap>t3 :i*1 accord+ to ,b$e1 we h receiv$ f ! cu/om ( ! anci5ts3 & !nce x 0 t ,joseph & ,m>y lo/ ! ,*ild ,jesus2 s9ce ! "o :o did n behold ,him 9 8 own company1 ?\ght ,him to be ) ! o!r4 4 4 4 ,b ! m5 rema9 on ! s\!rn1 ! #ca wom5 on ! nor!rn side3 ,footnote #ahf to signify t ! sa9ts :o be mo/ advanc$ 9 hol9ess %\ld /& aga9/ ! great] temptations ( ?is _w3 & !y :o be less advanc$1 aga9/ ! less2 or t ! bold] & ! /rong] sex %\ld take _! place 9 ! position fitte/ = action3 because ! ,apo/le sai?1 ',god is fai?ful1 ,:o w n suff] y to be tempt$ above t ye are able4' ,footnote #ahg ,to ?is also p]ta9e? ! vision ( ,s4 ,john1 :o 'beheld a mighty angel plac+ 8 "r foot 9 ! sea4' ,footnote #ahh ,= ! /rong] memb]s are oppos$ to ! great] dang]s4 ,b1 accord+ to o!rs1 ! m5 are to be 9 ! =e "p i4e4 ea/w>d1 ! wom5 beh9d3 because '! husb& is ! head ( ! wife1' ,footnote #ahi & !re=e %\ld g be=e h]4 ,footnote #ahf3 ,?is is ! practice 9 "s p>ts ( ,engl& ev5 to ?is day3 m especially 9 ,som]set%ire4 ,bp4 ,montague 9 8 ',visitation ,articles' 7repr9t$ ,camb4 #ahda7 asks 7p4 #ag71 ',d m5 & wom5 sit toge!r 9 ^? seats indiff]5tly & promiscu\sly8 or 7z ! fa%ion 0 ( old71 d m5 sit toge!r ^u "o side ( ! *ur*1 & wom5 ^u ! o!r8' ,&1 inde$1 ( old !re 0 a /ill fur!r sep>ation on ea* side1 into ! m>ri$ & unm>ri$4 ,! re/oration ( ! practice recomm5d$ by ,bp4 ,montague is mu* to be wi%$4 ,footnote #ahg3 #a ,cor9?1 x1 #ac4 ,footnote #ahh3 ,apocalypse x1 #g4 ,footnote #ahi3 ,eph4 v1 #bc4 #dg4 ,a woman mu/ cov] h] head 9 ! *ur*1 because %e is n ! image ( ,god1 & because by woman s9 began4 ,& !re=e 9 ! *ur*1 out ( respect = ! prie/1 :o is ! vic> ( ,*ri/1 9 8 pres5ce1 z be=e a judge1 %e ha? h] head cov]$1 & n at lib]ty3 & on acc\nt ( ! same rev]5ce %e ha? n ! p[] ( speak+ 9 ! *ur* be=e him4 ,( old "t1 m5 & wom5 we>+ long hair /ood 9 *ur* ) uncov]$ heads glory+ 9 _! locks3 :i* 0 a disgrace unto !m4 #dh4 ,b :at %\ld be our conv]sation 9 *ur* ! ,apo/le tea*e?1 say+1 ',speak+ to y\rselves 9 psalms & hymns & spiritual songs4' ,footnote #aij ,:5ce we mu/1 :5 we be !re1 ab/a9 f sup]flu\s words3 #cb accord+ to t say+ ( ,s4 ,*ryso/ome1 ,:5 ?\ goe/ into a k+'s palace1 set 9 ord] ?y conv]sation & ?y habit4 ,= ! angels ( ! ,"l are !re3 & ! ,h\se ( ,god is full ( incorporeal virtues4 ,footnote #aia ,& ! ,"l sai? to ,moses1 & s do? ! angel to ,jo%ua1 ',put (f ?y %oes f (f ?y feet3 = ! place :]e ?\ /&e/ is holy gr\nd4' ,footnote #aib ,footnote #aij3 ,coloss4 iii1 #af4 ,footnote #aia3 ,! passage ref]r$ to is z foll[s3--' ,regiam quidem +r$i5s1 et habitu et aspectu et incessu et omnibus aliis te ornas et componis3 ,hic autem v]a e/ ,regia et plane hic talia qualia caele/ia3--et rides8 ,atque scio quidem quod tu non vides4 ,audi autem quod ubique adsunt angeli1 et maxima 9 ,domo ,dei adsi/unt ,regis1 et omnia sunt impleta incorporeis illus ,pote/atibus4 ,footnote #aib3 ,exod4 iii1 #e4 ,jo%1 v1 #ae4 #di4 ,9 ! la/ place1 a consecrat$ *ur* def5de? murd]]s :o take sanctu>y 9 x f los+ life or limb1 provid$ t !y h n (f5d$ 9 x1 or aga9/ x4 ,:5ce x is writt5 t ',joab fl$ to ! tab]nacle1 & laid hold on ! horns ( ! alt>4' ,footnote #aic ,! same privilege is possess$ also by an unconsecrat$ *ur*1 if ! div9e (fices be !re9 celebrat$4 ,footnote #aic3 #b ,k+s i1 #bh4 #ej4 ,b ! body ( ,*ri/ receiv$ by su* p]sons1 do? n def5d !m nor ^? :o fly to x3 p>tly because ! privilege is grant$ to a *ur* z a *ur*3 & !re=e n to be misbe/[$ on o!r ?+s3 p>tly because t food is ! support ( ! s\l1 & n ( ! body3 :5ce x free? ! s\l & n ! body4 #ea4 ,*ur*es are mov$ f "o place to ano!r on ?ree acc\nts4 ,fir/1 on acc\nt ( ! necessity aris+ f p]secutors3 secondly1 on acc\nt ( ! difficulty ( access or habitation1 su* z ! un:olesom5ess ( air3 ?irdly1 :5 !y are oppress$ ) ! society ( evil m53 & !n ) ! cons5t ( ! ,pope or ! bi%op4 ,:]e=e he t ent]e? into a *ur* =tifie? himself ) ! sign ( ! cross1 %all be said 9 ! proeme ( ! fif? book4' ,footnote #aid ,footnote #aid3 ,see ,app5dix4 #cc ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,( ,,! ,,alt> ,! ,fir/ ,build]s ( ,alt>s--,! ,diff]5ce betwe5 ,alt>e & ,ara--,v>i\s ,significations ( ,v>i\s ,k9ds ( ,alt>s--,! ,ark ( ! ,te/imony--,x is pres]v$ 9 ! ,lat]an ,*ur*--,:at a ,man ne$e? t he may be ! ,temple ( ,god--,:at ! ,table ,signifie?--,( ! ,c&le/ick--,( ! ,ark--,( ! ,alt>--,( ! ,alt> ,clo?s--,( ,/eps to ! ,alt>4 ,i4 ,! alt> ha? a place 9 ! *ur* on ?ree acc\nts1 z %all be said 9 speak+ ( its d$ication4 ,we are to "k t ,noe ,footnote #aie fir/1 !n ,isaac ,footnote #aif & ,abraham ,footnote #aig & ,jacob made1 z we read1 alt>s3 :i* is only to be und]/ood ( /ones set upright1 on :i* !y (f]$ & slew ! victims & burnt !m ) fire laid b5ea? !m4 ,also ,moses made an alt> ,footnote #aih ( %ittim wood3 & ! same 0 made z an alt> ( inc5se1 & cov]$ ) pure gold3 z we read 9 ! xxv? *apt] ( ,exodus1 :]e also ! =m ( ! alt> is describ$4 ,f ^! ( ! anci5t fa!rs1 ! alt>s ( ! mod]ns h _! orig91 be+ erect$ ) f\r horns at ! corn]s4 ,( :i* "s are ( "o /one1 & "s are put toge!r ( _m4 ,footnote #aie3 ,g54 viii1 #bj4 ,footnote #aif3 ,g54 xxvi1 #be4 xxxiii1 #bj4 ,footnote #aig3 ,g54 xiii1 #ah4 ,footnote #aih3 ,exodus xxvii1 i4 #b4 ,& sometimes ! words alt>e & ara are us$ 9 ! same s5se4 ,yet is !re a diff]5ce4 ,= alt>e1 d]iv$ f alta res1 or alta ara1 is t on :i* #cd ! prie/s burnt inc5se4 ,b ara1 :i* is d]iv$ f area1 or f ardeo1 is t on :i* sacrifices 7 burnt4 ,footnote #aii ,footnote #aii3 ,! true ecclesia/ical di/9ction betwe5 alt>e & ara is t ! =m] means ! alt> ( ! true ,god1 & is !re=e alone us$ 9 ! ,vulgate1 answ]+ to ! ,greek ,greek text1 z oppos$ to ara 7,greek text71 an alt> ) an image above x4 ,see ,m$e4 ,folio #chf4 #c4 ,& note1 t _m k9ds ( alt>s are f\nd 9 ,scripture3 z a high]1 a l[]1 an inn]1 an out]2 ( :i* ea* ha? bo? a pla9 & a symbolical signification4 ,! high] alt> is ,god ! ,tr9ity3 ( :i* x is writt51 ',?\ %alt n g up by /eps to my alt>4' ,footnote #bjj ,& x also signifie? ! ,*ur* ,triumphant3 ( :i* x is said1 ',!n %all !y (f] bullocks ^u m9e alt>4' ,footnote #bja ,b ! l[] alt> is ! ,*ur* ,militant1 ( :i* x is said1 ',if ?\ wilt make an alt> ( /one1 ?\ %alt n make x ( hewn /one4' ,footnote #bjb ,also x is ! table ( ! temple4 ,( :i* he sai?1 ',appo9t a solemn day = y\r assembly ev5 unto ! horns ( ! alt>4' ,footnote #bjc ,& 9 ! ,?ird ( ,k+s1 x is said t ,solomon made a gold5 alt>4 ,footnote #bjd ,b ! int]ior alt> is a clean he>t1 z %all be said bel[4 ,x is also a type ( fai? 9 ! inc>nation1 ( :i* 9 ,exodus1 ',an alt> ( e>? ye %all make ,me4' ,footnote #bje ,& an int]ior alt> is ! alt> ( ! cross4 ,?is is ! alt> on :i* !y (f]$ ! ev5+ sacrifice4 ,:5ce 9 ! ,canon ( ! ,mass x is said1 ,jube hoc 9 sublime ,alt>e ,tuum p]f]ri4 ,footnote #bjf ,moreov] ! ext]nal alt> repres5te? ! sacram5ts ( ! ,*ur*3 ( :i* x is said1 ',ev5 ?9e alt>s1 ,o ,"l ( ho/s1 my ,k+1 & my ,god4' ,footnote #bjg ,aga91 ! alt> is our mortification 9 our he>t1 9 :i* c>nal motions are consum$ by ! f]v\r ( ! ,holy ,_s4 ,footnote #bjj3 ,exodus ,,xx1 #bf4 ,footnote #bja3 ,psalm li 7,mis]]e mei71 #ai4 ,footnote #bjb3 ,exodus ,,xx1 #be4 ,footnote #bjc3 ,psalm cxviii 7,confitem9i71 #bg4 ,footnote #bjd3 ,,iii ,k+s vi4 #bb4 ,footnote #bje3 ,exodus xx #bf4 ,footnote #bjf3 ,?is pray]1 :i* imm$iately prec$es ! ,commemoration ( ! ,dead1 runs ?us3 ,supplices ,te rogamus1 omnipot5s ,deus1 jube hoc p]f]ri p] manus ,sancti ,angeli ,tui1 9 conspectu ,div9ae ,maje/atis ,tuae3 ut quotquot ex hac ,alt>is p>ticipatione sacrosanctum ,filii ,tui ,corpus et ,sangu9em sumps]imus1 omni b5$ictione caele/i et gratia repleamur4 ,p]4 ,footnote #bjg3 ,psalm lxxxiv 7,quam dilecta71 #d4 #ce #d4 ,secondly1 x also signifie? ! ,spiritual ,*ur*3 & its f\r horns tea* h[ %e ha? be5 ext5d$ into ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! _w4 ,?irdly1 x signifie? ,*ri/1 )\t :om no gift is (f]$ acceptable to ! ,fa!r4 ,:5ce also ! ,*ur* addresse? h] pray]s to ! ,fa!r ?r\gh ,*ri/ alone4 ,f\r?ly1 x signifie? ! body ( ,*ri/1 z %all be expla9$ 9 ! fif? book4 ,fif?ly1 x signifie? ! table at :i* ,*ri/ did fea/ ) ,8 disciples4 #e4 ,x is writt5 9 ,exodus1 t 9 ! ,ark ( ! ,te/am5t or ( ! ,te/imony ! witness 0 laid up3 ,footnote #bjh t is1 ! tables on :i* ! law 0 writt53 & x is said t ! ,te/imony 0 !re laid up1 because x 0 a be>+ witness t ! law impr9t$ on our he>ts by nature ,god _h reimpr9t$ by writ+4 ,also1 !re 0 laid up ! gold5 pot full ( manna1 = a te/imony t ,he _h giv5 ! *ildr5 ( ,israel bread f heav54 ,& ! rod ( ,a>on1 = a te/imony t all p[] is f ,god4 ,& ! second tables ( ! law1 9 te/imony ( ! cov5ant 9 :i* !y _h said1 ',all t ! ,"l ha? spok5 we w d4' ,footnote #bji ,& on ^! acc\nts x is call$ ! ,ark ( ! ,te/imony or ,te/am5t2 & also ! tab]nacle ( ! te/imony !nce d]ive? its title4 ,b ov] ! ark 0 made a m]cy seat3 ( :i* we %all speak 9 ! proeme ( ! f\r? book4 ,9 imitation :]e( "s *ur*es h ov] ! alt> an ark or tab]nacle1 9 :i* ! body ( ! ,"l & relics are pres]v$4 ,! ,"l also comm&$ t a c&le/ick %\ld be made ( beat5 pure gold4 ,x is writt5 9 ! ?ird book ( ,k+s1 t 9 ! ,ark ( ! ,cov5ant 0 no?+ else ?an ! two tables ( /one :i* ,moses put !re9 9 ,horeb3 :5 ! ,"l made a cov5ant ) ! *ildr5 ( ,israel 9 ! day t !y came out ( ! l& ( ,egypt4 ,footnote #bjh3 ,exodus xxv1 #af4 ,footnote #bji3 ,exodus xix1 #h4 #cf #f4 ,& note t 9 ! "t ( ,s4 ,silve/]1 ,pope1 ,footnote #baj ,con/ant9e ! ,emp]or built ! ,lat]an *ur*1 9 :i* he plac$ ! ,ark ( ! ,te/am5t1 :i* ! ,emp]or ,titus _h br\ght f ,j]usalem1 & ! gold5 c&le/ick ) 8 sev5 bran*es4 ,9 :i* ark are ^! ?+s3 ! r+s & ! /aves ( gold3 ! tables ( ! te/imony3 ! rod ( ,a>on3 manna3 b>ley loaves3 ! gold5 pot3 ! seamless g>m5t3 ! re$3 a g>m5t ( ,s4 ,john ,bapti/1 & ! scissors ) :i* ! hair ( ,s4 ,john ! ,evangeli/ 0 %orn4 ,footnote #baj3 ,x is v rem>kable t no notice :atev] is tak5 ( ^! relics by ,ciamp9i 9 8 v m9ute description ( ! ,lat]an ,basilica3 al?\gh 9 8 acc\nt bo? ( ?is1 & ( all ! o!r ,basilican *ur*es built by ,con/ant9e1 he copies v]batim ! li/ ( ! donations ( ! ,emp]or :i* is giv5 9 ! life ( ,pope ,s4 ,sylve/]1 compil$ by an unkn[n libr>ian ( ! ,vatican4 ,x is cle> t ei!r ,dur&us 0 mis9=m$1 or t ! pres5t passage is corrupt4 ,aga91 x is n likely t ! ve/ ( ,s4 ,john ,bapti/1 or ! scissors ( ,s4 ,john ,evangeli/ w\ld h be5 kept 9 ! ark besides its prop] cont5ts4 ,yet ,dur&us _h obvi\sly "s facts to g ^u1 s9ce ! ,lat]an ,*ur*1 hav+ be5 orig9ally d$icat$ to ! ,savi\r1 0 n[ "u ! ,invocation ( ! two ,,ss4 ,john2 & ! suff]+s ( bo? ^! sa9ts 7 depict$ 9 a v anci5t mosaic1 ^? ( ! ,evangeli/ hav+ ov] !m ! foll[+ inscription1 :i* we give z describ+ a ,confession ( ?is ,m>tyr 9 w1 n[ little kn[n4 ,m>tyrii calicem bibit hic ,a?leta ,johannes ,pr9cipium ,v]bi c]n]e qui m]uit4 ,v]b]at hunc fu/e ,proconsul1 =fice tondet1 ,quem f]v5s oleum la$]e non valuit4 ,conditus hic oleum1 dolium1 cruor1 atque capilli1 ,quae consecrantur lib]a ,roma tibi4 ,to return1 we may be satisfi$ t ^! ,jewi% memorials did n exi/1 s9ce ,ciamp9i1 :ile compos+ 8 acc\nt1 consult$ ! =m] writ]s ^u ! ,lat]an ,basilica2 viz4 ! poet ,prud5tius1 an un$it$ ,,ms4 ( ,panv9ius1 ,sev]anus ,de ,septem ,urbis ,ecclesiis1 & ! "w ( ,caes> ,c>d9al ,rasponus4 #g4 ,man1 if he ha? an alt>1 a table1 a c&le/ick1 & an ark1 he is ! temple ( ,god4 ,he mu/ h an alt>1 :]eon rightly to (f] & rightly to di/ribute4 ,! alt> is our he>t1 on :i* we ought to (f]4 #cg ,:5ce ! ,"l comm&e? 9 ,exodus3 ',?\ %alt (f] burnt (f]+s on m9e alt>4' ,footnote #baa ,s9ce f ! he>t words1 set on fire ( *>ity1 ought to proce$4 ,holocau/ is d]iv$ f holos1 :ole1 & cauma1 a burn+3 !re9 signify+ a ?+ :olly burnt4 ,on ?is alt> we mu/ rightly (f]1 & we mu/ rightly divide4 ,we (f] rightly :5 we br+ any good ?\ght to p]fection4 ,b we d n rightly divide if we d x n discreetly4 ,= a man (t5 ?9ke? to d good1 & doe? ill3 & sometimes ) "o h& he doe? good & ) ! o!r ill2 & ?us himself builde?1 & himself knocke? d[n4 ,b we !n rightly divide :5 ! good :i* we d we attribute1 n to ourselves1 b to ,god alone4 ,footnote #baa3 ,exodus ix1 #b4 #h4 ,x behove? also man to h a table1 :5ce he may take ! bread ( ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,by ! table we und]/& ,holy ,scripture1 conc]n+ :i* ! ,psalm1 ',?\ prep>e/ a table be=e me 9 ! pres5ce ( m9e enemies4' ,footnote #bab ,t is1 ,?\ ha/ giv5 me ,scripture aga9/ ! temptations ( ! devil4 ,?is table !n we mu/ h1 t is1 mu/ lay up 9 our m9ds1 t !nce we may take ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,( ! defici5cy ( ?is bread sai? ,j]emiah3 ',! little ones s\ght bread1 & !re 0 none to break x unto !m4 ,footnote #bac ,x behove? man likewise to h a c&le/ick1 t he may %9e ) good works4 ,footnote #bab3 ,psalm xxiii 7,dom9us regit me71 #e4 ,footnote #bac3 ,j]emiah xvi1 #g4 #i4 ,a c&le/ick t give? light )\t is a good "w1 :i* by its good example inflame? o!rs4 ,( :i* x is said1 ',no man lighte? a c&le & putte? x "u a bu%el1 b 9 a c&le/ick4' ,footnote #bad ,?is c&le1 accord+ to ! ,^w ( ! ,"l1 is a good int5tion3 ( :i* ,he sai? ,himself3 ',?9e eye is a light4' ,footnote #bae ,b ! eye is ! int5tion4 #ch ,!re=e we ought n to put ! c&le "u a bu%el1 b 9 a c&le/ick4 ,because1 if we h a good int5tion1 we ought n to hide x3 b to manife/ our good de$s to o!rs1 = a light & an example4 ,footnote #bad3 ,s4 ,mat!w v1 #ae4 ,footnote #bae3 ,s4 ,mat!w vi1 #bb4 #aj4 ,man mu/ also h an ark4 ,n[ area is d]iv$ f arc5do3 discipl9e1 !re=e1 & regul> life may be call$ ! ark2 by :i* crimes are driv5 away 7arc5tur7 f u4 ,n[ 9 ! ark 7 ! rod1 ! tables1 & ! manna3 because 9 ! regul> life !re mu/ be ! rod ( correction1 t ! fle% may be *a/is$2 & ! table ( love1 t ,god may be lov$4 ,= 9 ! tables ( ! law 7 writt5 ! comm&s :i* p]ta9 to ! love ( ,god4 ,!re9 mu/ also be ! manna ( div9e sweetness3 t we may 'ta/e & see h[ graci\s ! ,"l is3 = x is good to h to d ) ,him4' ,footnote #baf ,accord+ to t prov]b ( ! prud5t woman1 ',%e ta/$ & saw t x 0 good4' ,footnote #bag ,!re=e1 t we may be ! temple ( ,god1 let u h 9 ourselves an alt> ( oblation1 le/ we appe> empty 9 ,8 pres5ce1 accord+ to t say+1 ',?\ %alt n appe> empty be=e ! pres5ce ( ?y ,god'3 ,footnote #bah let u h a table = refection le/ we fa9t1 ?r\gh hung]1 9 ! way3 z sai? ! ,evangeli/1 ',if ,i s5d !m away empty1 !y w fa9t 9 ! way1' ,footnote #bai a c&le/ick by good works t we be n idle1 z he sai? 9 ,ecclesia/icus1 ',idl5ess ha? taught mu* mis*ief1' ,footnote #bbj let u h an ark1 t we be n z sons ( ,belial1 t is1 undiscipl9$1 & )\t ! yoke3 = discipl9e is necess>y1 z ! ,psalmi/ tea*e?1 say+1 ',be in/ruct$1 le/ ,he be angry4' ,footnote #bba ,conc]n+ :i*1 & o!r ornam5ts1 we %all speak 9 ! foll[+ *apt]4 ,footnote #baf3 ,psalm xxxiv 7,b5$icam ,dom9um71 #h4 ,footnote #bag3 ,prov4 xxxi1 #ah4 ,m>g4 read+4 ,footnote #bah3 ,exodus xxiii1 #ae4 ,footnote #bai3 ,s4 ,m>k viii1 #c4 ,footnote #bbj3 ,ecclesia/icus xxii1 #b4 ,footnote #bba3 ,psalm ii 7,qu>e fremu]unt71 #ab4 #ci #aa4 ,he builde? ?is alt> :o adorne? 8 he>t ) true humility & o!r virtues4 ,:5ce ,gregory3 ,he :o ga!re? toge!r virtues )\t humility1 is z he :o scatt]e? du/ to ! w9d4 ,= by ! alt> he und]/&e? our he>t1 z x %all be said :5 we treat ( ! d$ication ( ! alt>3 x is 9 ! middle ( ! body1 z ! alt> is 9 ! middle ( ! *ur*4 ,footnote #bbb ,footnote #bbb3 ,lev4 vi1 #i4 #ab4 ,conc]n+ :i* alt> ! ,"l comm&e? 9 ,leviticus3 ',! fire %all always be burn+ ^u ,m9e alt>4' ,footnote #bbc ,! fire is *>ity4 ,! alt> is a clean he>t4 ,! fire %all always burn on ! alt>1 because *>ity %\ld always burn 9 our he>ts4 ,:5ce ,solomon 9 ! ,canticles3 ',_m wat]s _c ext+ui% *>ity1' ,footnote #bbd = t :i* ev] burne? _c be ext+ui%$4 ,d ?\1 !re=e1 z ! prophet comm&e?1 keep holy day & a solemn assembly1 ev5 to ! horns ( ! alt>3 because ! re/ ( ?y ?\ghts w keep holy day4 ,conc]n+ ?is ! ,apo/le %[e? 'unto u a m excell5t way4' ,footnote #bbe ,he calle? *>ity a m excell5t way1 because %e is above all virtues3 & :oev] possesse? h] possesse? all virtues4 ,?is is ! %ort ^w t ! ,"l speake? ov] ! e>?3 :i* is s %ort t x only sai?1 ',h *>ity1 & d :atsoev] ?\ wilt4 ,= f ^! two comm&m5ts hang all ! law & ! prophets4' ,footnote #bbf ,footnote #bbc3 ,canticles viii1 #g4 ,footnote #bbd3 ,i ,cor9? xii1 #ca4 ,footnote #bbe3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxii1 #dj4 ,footnote #bbf3 ,see ,app5dix ,i4 #ac4 ,or by ! alt> we und]/& ! s\l ( e man1 :i* is by ! ,"l built up ( v>i\s liv+ /ones1 :i* are v>i\s & diff]5t virtues4 #ad4 ,fur!rmore1 ! :ite clo?s :]e) ! alt> is cov]$ signify ! fle% ( ! ,savi\r1 t is1 ,8 humanity3 because x 0 made :ite ) _m toils1 z also ! fle% ( ,*ri/ born ( e>?1 t is1 ( ,m>y1 #dj :i* atta9$ ?r\gh _m tribulations to ! glory ( ! ,resurrection1 & ! purity & joy ( immortality4 ,conc]n+ :i* ! ,son exulte?1 say+ to ! ,fa!r1 ',?\ ha/ gird$ me ) gladness1 & exalt$ ,me on e side4' ,footnote #bbg ,:51 !re=e1 ! alt> is cov]$1 x signifie? ! jo9+ ( ! s\l to an immortal & incorruptible body4 ,footnote #bbh ,aga91 ! alt> is cov]$ ) :ite & clean clo?s1 because ! pure he>t is adorn$ ) good works4 ,:5ce ! ,apocalypse3 ',& put on :ite g>m5ts1 t ! %ame ( ?y nak$ness d n appe>4' ,footnote #bbi ,& ,solomon3 ',let ?y g>m5ts be always :ite1' ,footnote #bcj t is1 let ?y works be clean4 ,b x little pr(ite? him t approa*e? to ! alt> to h high dignity1 & a life sunk l[ 9 s9s4 ,:5ce ,b5$ict3 ,x is a mon/r\s ?+1 exalt$ fai?1 & ab&on$ life4 ,! highe/ /ep & ! l[e/ /ate1 is mighty au?ority jo9$ ) in/ability ( s\l4 ,footnote #bca ,! silk5 cov]+s plac$ ov] ! alt> are ! ornam5ts ( div]s virtues :]e) ! s\l is adorn$4 ,! hang+ :]e) ! alt> is beautifi$ sette? =? ! sa9ts1 z bel[ %all be said4 ,! beg9n+ & ! end ( ! ,mass take place at ! "r side ( ! alt>3 ! middle portion at ! left3 z %all be said :5 we treat ( ! *anges ( ! prie/4 ,! anci5ts made _! alt>s concave2 z x is writt5 9 ,ezekiel1 t 9 ! alt> ( ,god 0 a tr5*4 ,& ?is1 accord+ to ,gregory1 le/ ! w9d %\ld scatt] ! sacrifices laid ^u x4 ,also he sai? 9 ,ezekiel t ! inn] "p ( ! alt> 0 b5t d[nw>ds 9 all its circumf]5ce4 ,footnote #bcb ,footnote #bbg3 ,psalm lxxi 7,ju/e1 ,dom9e71 #ba4 ,footnote #bbh3 ,?is passage does n appe> 9 ! edition ( ,dur&us publi%$ at ,v5ice1 9 #afji4 ,footnote #bbi3 ,apocalypse iii1 #ah4 ,footnote #bcj3 ,ecclesia/es ix1 #h4 ,footnote #bca3 ,?is passage also is n f\nd 9 ! ,v5etian edition4 ,footnote #bcb3 ,?is passage also is n f\nd 9 ! ,v5etian edition4 #da #ae4 ,b ! /eps to ! alt> spiritually set =? ! apo/les & m>tyrs ( ,*ri/1 :o = ,8 love p\r$ out _! blood4 ,! bride 9 ! ,canticles ( ,love calle? x a purple asc5t4 ,also1 ! fifte5 virtues are set =? by !m3 :i* 7 also typifi$ by ! fifte5 /eps by :i* !y w5t up to ! temple ( ,solomon3 ,footnote #bcc & by ! prophet 9 fifte5 ,psalms ( degrees1 !re9 sett+ =? t he is ble/ :o make? asc5ts 9 8 he>t4 ,?is 0 ! ladd] t ,jacob beheld3 ',& 8 top rea*$ to ! heav5s4' ,by ^! /eps ! asc5t ( virtues is suffici5tly made manife/1 by :i* we g up to ! alt>1 t is1 to ,*ri/3 accord+ to t say+ ( ! ,psalmi/1 ',!y g f virtue to virtue4' ,footnote #bcd ,& ,job1 ',i w seek him ?r\gh all my /eps4' ,yet x is said 9 ,exodus1 ',nei!r %alt ?\ g up by /eps to my alt>1 t ?y nak$ness be n discov]$ !reon4' ,footnote #bce ,= p]haps ! anci5ts did n z yet use tr\s]s4 ,9 ! ,c\ncil ( ,tol$o1 x is decre$ t ! prie/1 :o = ! sake ( grief at ! mis=tune ( ano!r1 /rippe? ! alt> or any image ( its g>m5ts1 or girde? himself ) a m\rn+ ve/1 or ) ?orns1 ,footnote #bcf or ext+ui%e? ! lights ( ! *ur*1 %all be depos$4 ,b if 8 *ur* be undes]v$ly spoil$1 he is all[$ to d ?is = grief3 or1 accord+ to "s1 he may on ! day ( ! ,passion ( our ,"l make b>e ! alt>s z a sign ( grief4 ,:i* is1 h[ev]1 reprobat$ by ! ,c\ncil ( ,lyons4 ,la/ly1 alt>s :i* h be5 built at ! in/igation ( dreams1 or ! empty revelations ( m51 are altoge!r reprobat$4 ,footnote #bcc3 ,?is passage also is n f\nd 9 ! ,v5etian edition4 ,footnote #bcd3 ,psalm lxxxiv 7,quam dilecta71 #g ,footnote #bce3 ,exodus xx1 #bf4 ,footnote #bcf3 ,?is passage also is n f\nd 9 ! ,v5etian edition4 #db ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,( ,,pictures1 ,,& ,,images1 ,,& ,,curta9s1 ,,& ,,! ,,ornam5ts ,,( ,,*ur*es ,use ( ,pictures & ,curta9s--,objections aga9/ ! ,use1 answ]$-- ,place ( ,pictures--,! ,savi\r1 h[ ,repres5t$--,! ,angels--,! ,evangeli/s--,! ,apo/les--,! ,patri>*s--,s4 ,john ,bapti/-- ,m>tyrs--,confessors--,in/itution ( ,pictures--,( ,cr[ns--,( ,p>adise--,( ! ,g5]al ,ornam5t ( ,*ur*es--,( ,pyxes--,( ,relic>ies--,( ,c&le/icks--,( ,cups--,( ! ,cross--,( ,alt> ,clo?s & ,veils--,! ,treasures ( ! ,*ur*1 :5 ,display$1 & :y--,( ,o/ri* ,eggs--,( ,vessels = ! ,holy ,my/]ies--,( ,*alices--,g5]al ,obs]vations on ! ,respect due to ,*ur* ,ornam5ts4 #a4 ,pictures & ornam5ts 9 *ur*es are ! lessons & ! ,scriptures ( ! laity4 ,:5ce ,gregory3 ,x is "o ?+ to adore a picture1 & ano!r by means ( a picture hi/orically to le>n :at %\ld be ador$4 ,= :at writ+ supplie? to him :i* c read1 t do? a picture supply to him :i* is unle>n$1 & c only look4 ,because !y :o are un9/ruct$ ?us see :at !y ought to foll[3 & ?+s are read1 ?\gh lett]s be unkn[n4 ,true is x t ! ,*aldeans1 :i* wor%ip fire1 compel o!rs to d ! same1 & burn o!r idols4 ,b ,paynim adore images1 z icons1 & idols2 :i* ,s>ac5s d n1 :o nei!r w possess nor look on images1 gr\nd+ !mselves on t say+1 ',?\ %alt n make to ?yself any grav5 image1 nor ! lik5ess ( any?+ t is 9 heav5 above1 nor 9 ! e>? b5ea?1 nor 9 ! wat]s #dc "u ! e>?1' ,footnote #bcg & on o!r ! l au?orities3 ^! !y foll[ incont95tly1 ca/+ ! same 9 our tee?4 ,b we wor%ip n images1 nor acc\nt !m to be gods1 nor put any hope ( salvation 9 !m3 = t 7 idolatry4 ,yet we adore !m = ! memory & remembrance ( ?+s done long agone4 ,footnote #bch ,:5ce ! v]se1 ,footnote #bci ,:at "t ?\ passe/ by ! rood1 b[ humbly ev]more2 ,yet n ! rood1 b ,him :i* !re 0 crucifi$1 adore4 ,& aga93 ,footnote #bdj ,t ?+1 :i* ha? 8 be+ giv51 'tis fond = ,god to own3 ,a =m mat]ial1 c>v$ out by cunn+ h&s1 9 /one4 ,& aga93 ,footnote #bda ,! =m is nei!r ,god nor man1 :i* "h ?\ do/ behold3 ,he v ,god & ,man1 ( :om ?\ by t =m art told4 ,footnote #bcg3 ,exodus xx1 #d4 ,footnote #bch3 ,v5]amur4--,we "h use ! ^w adore 9 ! s5se giv5 to x by ! great & good ,bi%op ,montague1 9 8 ',j ,treatise ( ,invocation'3 :]e he says1 speak+ ( ! ,sa9ts1 ',i d admire1 rev]5ce1 adore !m 9 _! k9d4' ,footnote #bci3 ,effigiem ,*ri/i1 quum transis1 pronus honora3 ,non tam5 effigiem1 s$ quem designat1 adora4 ,footnote #bdj3 ,esse ,deum1 ratione c>et1 cui consulit esse3 ,mat]iale lapis1 effigale manus4 ,footnote #bda3 ,nec ,deus e/1 nec homo1 quam praes5s c]nis imago2 ,s$ ,deus e/ et ,homo1 quem sacra figurat imago4 ,! lat] editions add-- ,nam ,deus e/1 quod imago docet1 s$ non ,deus ipse2 ,hunc videas1 s$ m5te colas1 quod noscis 9 ipsa4 #b4 ,! ,greeks1 moreov]1 employ pa9t$ repres5tations1 pa9t+1 x is said1 only f ! navel upw>ds1 t all occasion ( va9 ?\ghts may be remov$4 ,b !y make no c>v$ image1 z x is writt51 ',?\ %alt n make a grav5 image4' ,footnote #bdb ,& aga93 ',?\ %alt n make an idol1 nor a grav5 image4' ,footnote #bdc ,& aga91 ',le/ ye be deceiv$1 & make a grav5 image4' ,footnote #bdd ,& aga93 ',ye %all n make unto y gods ( silv]3 ,footnote #bde #dd nei!r %all ye make ) ,me gods ( gold4' ,s also ! ,prophet1 ',_! idols are silv] & gold1 ! "w ( man's h&4 ,!y t make !m are l unto !m3 & s are all !y t put _! tru/ 9 !m4' ,footnote #bdf ,& aga93 ',conf\nd$ be all !y t wor%ip grav5 images3 & t put _! glory 9 _! idols4' ,footnote #bdg ,footnote #bdb3 ,deut4 v1 #h4 ,footnote #bdc3 ,lev4 xxvi4 #a4 ,footnote #bdd3 ,deut4 iv1 #af4 ,footnote #bde3 ,exodus xx1 #bj4 ,footnote #bdf3 ,psalm cxv1 #d4 ,footnote #bdg3 ,psalm xcvii1 #g4 #c4 ,also1 ,moses sai? to ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 ',le/ p]*ance ?\ %\lde/ be deceiv$1 & %\lde/ wor%ip t :i* ! ,"l ?y ,god ha? creat$4' ,footnote #bdh ,h5ce also 0 x t ,hezekiah ,k+ ( ,judah brake 9 pieces ! braz5 s]p5t :i* ,moses set up3 because ! p1 contr>y to ! precepts ( ! law1 burnt inc5se to x4 ,footnote #bdh3 ,deut4 iv1 #ai4 #d4 ,f ^! =em5tion$ & o!r au?orities1 ! excessive use ( images is =bidd54 ,! ,apo/le sai? also to ! ,cor9?ians1 ',we "k t an idol is no?+ 9 ! _w3 & !re is no god b ,"o4' ,footnote #bdi ,= !y :o are simple & infirm may easily by an excessive & indiscreet use ( images1 be p]v]t$ to idolatry4 ,:5ce he sai? 9 ,wisdom1 ',!re %all be no respect ( ! idols ( ! nations1 :i* h made ! creatures ( ,god hateful1 & temptations = ! s\ls ( m51 & sn>es = ! feet ( ! unwise4' ,footnote #bej ,footnote #bea ,b blame !re is none 9 a mod]ate use ( pictures1 to tea* h[ ill is to be avoid$1 & good foll[$4 ,footnote #bdi3 ,i ,cor9?1 viii1 #d4 ,footnote #bej3 ,wisdom xiv1 #aa4 ,footnote #bea3 ,a m solemn prote/ aga9/ ! s9 ( idolatry c h>dly be f\nd ?an ! above passage3 & !y :o br& e return to1 & e wi% = ! re/oration (1 ,ca?olic practices1 by s hateful a "n1 w\ld d well to be> x 9 m9d4 #de ,:5ce sai? ! ,"l to ,ezekiel1 ',g 91 & behold ! abom9ations :i* ^! m5 d4 ,& he w5t 91 & saw ! lik5ess ( reptiles & bea/s1 & ! abom9ations1 & all ! idols ( ! h\se ( ,israel portray$ on ! wall4' ,footnote #beb ,:5ce sai? ,pope ,gregory 9 8 ,pa/orale1 ,:5 ! =ms ( ext]nal objects are drawn into ! he>t1 !y are z x 7 pa9t$ !re1 because ! ?\ghts ( !m are _! images4 ,aga91 ,he sai? to ! same ,ezekiel1 ',take a tile1 & lay x be=e !e1 & describe 9 x ! city ,j]usalem4' ,footnote #bec ,b t :i* is said above1 t pictures are ! lett]s ( ! laity expla9e? t say+ 9 ! ,gospel1 ',he sai?4 ,!y h ,moses & ! prophets3 let !m he> !m4' ,footnote #bed ,( ?is1 m h]eaft]4 ,! ,aga!nsian ,footnote #bee ,c\ncil =bids pictures 9 *ur*es3 & also t t :i* is wor%ipp$ & ador$ %\ld be pa9t$ on ! walls4 ,b ,gregory sai?1 t pictures are n to be put away because !y are n to be wor%ipp$3 = pa9t+s appe> to move ! m9d m ?an descriptions2 = de$s are plac$ be=e ! eyes 9 pa9t+s1 & s appe> to be actually c>ry+ on4 ,b 9 description1 ! de$ is done z x 7 by he>say3 :i* affecte? ! m9d less :5 recall$ to memory4 ,h5ce1 also1 is x t 9 *ur*es we pay less rev]5ce to books ?an to images & pictures4 ,footnote #beb3 ,ezekiel viii1 #aj4 ,footnote #bec3 ,ezekiel iv1 #a4 ,footnote #bed3 ,s4 ,luke xvi1 #bi4 ,footnote #bee3 ,a4,d4 #fje #e4 ,( pictures & images "s are above ! *ur*1 z ! cock & ! eagle3 "s )\t ! *ur*1 namely1 9 ! air 9 front ( ! *ur*1 z ! ox & ! c[3 o!rs )91 z images1 & /atues1 & v>i\s k9ds ( pa9t+ & sculpture3 & ^! be repres5t$ ei!r 9 g>m5ts1 or on walls1 or 9 /a9$ glass4 ,conc]n+ "s ( :i* we h spok5 9 treat+ ( ! *ur*3 & h[ !y are tak5 f ! tab]nacle ( ,moses & ! temple ( ,solomon4 ,= ,moses made c>v$ "w1 & ,solomon made c>v$ "w1 & pictures1 & adorn$ ! walls ) pa9t+s & frescoes4 #df #f4 ,! image ( ! ,savi\r is m commonly repres5t$ 9 *ur*es ?ree ways3 z sitt+ on ,footnote #bef ,8 ?rone1 or hang+ on ,8 cross1 or ly+ on ! bosom ( ,8 ,"m4 ,footnote #bef3 ,dur&us _h d\btless 9 8 m9d ! anci5t mosaic ov] ! apsides ( ! e>lie/ *ur*es 9 ,rome4 ,! extremely beautiful "o 9 ,san ,clem5te repres5ts our ,"l z crucifi$4 ,! frescoes ) :i* ! walls ( our own *ur*es 7 anci5tly adorn$1 seem usually to h repres5t$ ! ,savi\r z seat$ on ! ,?rone ( ,8 ,maje/y4 ,9 ! *ancel ( ,wid=d1 ,h]ts1 is1 or 0 till lately1 a fresco ( ! ,savi\r seat$ on a ra9b[1 a sword proce$+ f ,8 m\?1 ,8 feet & ,8 h&s pi]c$4 ,9 ,alfri/on1 ,sussex1 !re 01 we believe1 be=e x 0 :itewa%$ ov] by ,bi%op ,buckn]'s ord]1 a pa9t+ ( a simil> k9d4 ,!re is a s+ul>1 &1 we believe1 undescrib$ pa9t+ ov] ! alt> 9 ,ll&anwg *ur*1 ,m]ion4 ,! ,savi\r is seat$ 9 judgm5t1 z be=e3 at ,8 side is ,8 ,bless$ ,"m 9 a kneel+ po/ure3 ar\nd ,him are angels bl[+ trumpets1 & ,s4 ,pet] 9 eu*>i/ical ve/m5ts4 ,!re is a repres5tation ( ! s\ls "u ! alt>4 ,bel[ are devils tortur+ s\ls 9 cauldrons ( brim/one4 ,! evangeli/ic symbols are also repres5t$4 ,9 a fresco at ,bev]/one1 ,gl\ce/]%ire1 our ,savi\r is repres5t$ on ! ,cross1 ) blood fl[+ f ,8 side into a *alice4 7,see ,app4 ,i47 ,!re are rema9s also ( a crucifixion 9 fresco1 9 ! exquisite1 b desecrat$ *apel ( ,prior ,craud51 9 ! ,dean]y1 ,ely4 ,on ! ,icono/asis ( ! ,greco-,russian ,*ur*1 all ! ?ree positions are to be f\nd4 ,9 /a9$ glass1 ! ,crucifixion g5]ally supplies ! place ( any o!r repres5tation ( ! ,savi\r4 ,brasses occasionally1 z a v curi\s "o 9 ,cobham1 ,surrey1 repres5t ,8 nativity or epiphany3 b mo/ commonly ! ,crucifixion1 or a ,tr9ity4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 t _m ( ! mo/ graphic pictures 9 our old poets ow$ _! orig9 to ! !n unde/roy$ fresco pa9t+s ( *ur*es4 ,"s pa9t+1 l t above describ$1 ( hell1 v probably sugge/$ ! noble l9es ( ,sp5s] 7i4 ix4 #ej4 #f73 ,he %[$ him pa9t$ 9 a table pla9e4 ,! damn$ gho/s t doe 9 torm5ts waile4 ,& ?\s& fe5ds t doe !m endless pa9e ,) fire & brim/one1 :i* = ev] %all rema9e4 ,:o c e/imate ! effect ( su* pictorial repres5tations on ! m9ds ( our ance/ors8 or ! good :i* might be ! result1 if our *ur*es 7 aga9 fresco$ ) simil> subjects1 wr\ght ) ! g5ius & ,ca?olic feel+ ( an ,ov]beck or ,cornelius8 ,end footnote ,& because ,john ,bapti/ po9t$ to ,him1 say+1 ',behold ! ,lamb ( ,god1' ,footnote #beg !re=e "s repres5t$ ,*ri/ "u ! =m ( a lamb4 ,footnote #beg3 ,s4 ,john i1 #bi4 #dg ,b because ! light passe? away1 & because ,*ri/ is v man1 !re=e1 sai? ,adrian1 ,pope1 ,he mu/ be repres5t$ 9 ! =m ( a man4 ,a holy lamb mu/ n be depict$ on ! cross1 z a pr9cipal object3 b !re is no let :5 ,*ri/ ha? be5 repres5t$ z a man1 to pa9t a lamb 9 a l[] or less prom95t "p ( ! picture3 s9ce ,he is ! true ,lamb :i* 'take? away ! s9s ( ! _w4' ,9 ^! & div]s o!r mann]s is ! image ( ! ,savi\r pa9t$1 on acc\nt ( div]sity ( significations4 #g4 ,repres5t$ 9 ! cradle1 ! arti/ commemorate? ,8 nativity3 on ! bosom ( ,8 ,"m1 ,8 *ildhood3 ! pa9t+ or c>v+ ,8 cross signifie? ,8 ,passion 7& sometimes ! sun & moon are repres5t$ on ! cross itself1 z suff]+ an eclipse73 :5 depict$ on a flight ( /eps1 ,8 asc5sion is signifi$3 :5 on a /ate or l(ty ?rone1 we be taught ,8 pres5t p[]3 z if ,he said1 ',all ?+s are giv5 to ,me 9 heav5 & 9 e>?3' ,footnote #beh accord+ to t say+1 ',i saw ! ,"l sitt+ ^u ,8 ?rone3' ,footnote #bei t is1 reign+ ov] ! angels3 z ! text1 ',:i* sitte? ^u ! *]ubim4' ,footnote #bfj ,sometimes ,he is repres5t$ z ,he 0 se5 ( ,moses & ,a>on1 ,nadab & ,abihu1 on ! m\nta93 :5 '"u ,8 feet 0 z x 7 a pav$ "w ( sapphire /ones1 & z ! body ( heav5 9 ,8 cle>ness3' ,footnote #bfa & z '!y %all see1' z sai? ,s4 ,luke1 '! ,son ( ,man com+ 9 ! cl\ds ) p[] & great glory4 ,footnote #bfb ,:]e=e sometimes ,he is repres5t$ surr\nd$ by ! sev5 angels t s]ve ,him1 & /& by ,8 ?rone1 ea* be+ portray$ ) six w+s1 accord+ to ! vision ( ,isaiah1 ',& by x /ood ! s]aphim3 ea* "o _h six w+s3 ) twa9 he cov]$ 8 face1 & ) twa9 he cov]$ 8 feet1 & ) twa9 he did fly4' ,footnote #bfc ,footnote #beh3 ,s4 ,matt1 xxviii1 #ah4 ,footnote #bei3 ,isaiah vi1 #a4 ,footnote #bfj3 ,psalm lxxx1 #a4 ,footnote #bfa3 ,exodus xxiv1 #aj4 ,footnote #bfb3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxiv1 #cj4 ,footnote #bfc3 ,isaiah vi1 #b4 #dh #h4 ,! angels are also repres5t$ z 9 ! fl[] ( y\?ful age3 = !y nev] gr[ old4 ,footnote #bfd ,sometimes ,s4 ,mi*ael is repres5t$ trampl+ ! dragon1 accord+ to t ( ,john1 ',!re 0 w> 9 heav53 ,mi*ael f\ght ) ! dragon4' ,:i* 0 to repres5t ! diss5sions ( ! angels3 ! confirmation ( !m t 7 good1 & ! ru9 ( !m t 7 bad3 or ! p]secution ( ! fai?ful 9 ! ,*ur* ,militant4 ,sometimes ! tw5ty-f\r eld]s are pa9t$ ar\nd ! ,savi\r1 accord+ to ! vision ( ! said ,john1 ) ':ite g>m5ts1 & !y h on _! heads cr[ns ( gold4' ,footnote #bfe;,by :i* are signifi$ ! doctors ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t2 :i* are twelve1 on acc\nt ( fai? 9 ! ,holy ,tr9ity prea*$ ?r\gh ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! _w3 or tw5ty-f\r1 on acc\nt ( good works1 & ! keep+ ( ! gospels4 ,footnote #bff ,if ! sev5 lamps be add$1 ! gifts ( ! ,holy ,_s are repres5t$3 if ! sea ( glass1 baptism4 ,footnote #bfg ,footnote #bfd3 ,_m ( our read]s w call to m9d ! peculi> expression always giv5 to ! c\nt5ances ( angels 9 ,ca?olic illum9ations or pa9t+s1 a conv5tional propriety uni=mly neglect$ by mod]n arti/s4 ,! same "* 0 beautifully giv5 9 ! reliev$ figures ( angels ^u ! %r9e ( ,s4 ,h5ry lately exhibit+ 9 ,london4 ,footnote #bfe3 ,apocalypse xii1 #g4 ,footnote #bff3 ,apocalypse iv1 #d4 ,footnote #bfg3 ,?is v obscure passage is an in/ance ( ! symbolism 9 ! comb9ation ( numb]s4 ,x seems to mean t fai? 9 ! ,holy ,tr9ity prea*$ ?r\gh ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! _w1 may be repres5t$ by ?ree multipli$ into f\r or twelve3 & aga91 ?is symbolical fact multipli$ by g5]al good works & keep+ ( ! ,gospels1 may be set =? 9 tw5ty-f\r4 ,x is to be rem>k$ t ! pr9ceps edition alone gives ,evangeliorum3 ! lat] h ,evangeli/>um1 :i* ) obs]vantia is sc>cely intelligible4 ,comp>e ,s4 ,augu/1 ,expos4 9 ,psalm lxxxvi4 ,non solum ergo illi duodecim 7sc4 ,apo/oli7 et ,apo/olus ,paulus1 s$ quotquot judicaturi sunt1 propt] significationem univ]sitatis ad s$es duod5as p]t95t 4 4 4 p>tes enim mundi quatuor sunt1 ,ori5s1 ,occid5s1 ,aquilo1 et ,m]idies4 ,i/ae quatuor p>tes assidue inv5iuntur 9 ,scripturis4 ,ab i/is quatuor v5tus1 sicut dixit ,dom9us 9 ,evangelio vocatur ,ecclesia4 ,quomodo vocatur8 ,undique 9 ,tr9itate vocatur4 ,quatuor ergo t] ducta duodecim inv5iuntur4 ,see also ,s4 ,isidore1 ,alleg4 9 ,s4 ,s4 folio #cec1 ,c4 ,d4 #i4 ,sometimes also repres5tation is made ( ! f\r liv+ creatures spok5 ( 9 ! visions ( ,ezekiel & ! a=esaid ,john3 ! face ( a man & ! face ( a #di lion on ! "r1--! face ( an ox on ! left1 & ! face ( an eagle above ! f\r4 ,^! be ! ,f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,:5ce !y be pa9t$ ) books by _! feet1 because by _! words & writ+s !y h in/ruct$ ! m9ds ( ! fai?ful1 & accompli%$ _! own works4 ,mat!w ha? ! figure ( a man1 ,m>k ( a lion4 ,^! be pa9t$ on ! "r h&3 because ! nativity & ! resurrection ( ,*ri/ 7 ! g5]al joy ( all3 :5ce 9 ! ,psalms3 ',& gladness at ! morn+4' ,footnote #bfh ,b ,luke is ! ox3 because he beg9ne? f ,za*>y ! prie/1 & treate? m specially ( ! ,passion & ,sacrifice ( ,*ri/3 n[ ! ox is an animal fitt$ = sacrifice4 ,he is also comp>$ to ! ox1 because ( ! two horns1--z conta9+ ! two te/am5ts2 & ! f\r ho(s1 z hav+ ! s5t5ces ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,footnote #bfi;,by ?is also ,*ri/ is figur$1 :o 0 ! sacrifice = u3 & !re=e ! ox is pa9t$ on ! left side1 because ! dea? ( ,*ri/ 0 ! tr\ble ( ! apo/les4 ,conc]n+ ?is1 & h[ bless$ ,m>k ,footnote #bgj is depict$1 9 ! sev5? "p4 ,b ,john ha? ! figure ( ! eagle3 because1 so>+ to ! utmo/ height1 he sai?1 ',9 ! beg9n+ 0 ! ^w4' ,footnote #bga ,footnote #bfh3 ,psalm xxx 7,exaltabo ,te71 #e4 ,^! symbols1 h[ev]1 7 n at fir/ def9itely settl$1 & z we are in=m$ by ,s4 ,au/91 ! lion 0 sometimes giv5 to ,s4 ,mat!w & ! angel & or man1 to ,s4 ,m>k4 ,! reasons ( ! appropriation ( ! v>i\s symbols are beautifully express$ 9 a hymn quot$ 9 ! ,camd5's ,society's ',illu/rations ( ,monum5tal ,brasses1' ,"p ,i1 p4 #cj4 ,footnote #bfi3 ,?is passage is v obscure4 ,dur&us's words are1 quasi quatuor evangeli/orum s5t5tias4 ,we _c b ?9k t ! two s5t5ces h be5 misplac$4 ,! s5se is !n pla94 ,*ri/ is also signifi$ by ! ox--z conta9+ 9 ,himself ! ,law & ! ,gospel--& accompli%+ t :i* is writt5 ( ,him by ! f\r ,evangeli/s1 e4g4 ,8 promises ( ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 ( be+ always ) ,8 ,*ur*1 etc4 ,s4 ,pet] ,*rysologus1 ,s]mo v4 de ,*ri/o1 ,hic e/ ,vitulus1 qui 9 ,epulam no/ram quotidie1 et jugit] immolatur4 ,footnote #bgj3 ,s4 ,m>k is pa9t$ ) a contract$ br[1 a l>ge nose1 fair eyes1 bald1 a long be>d1 fair complexion1 ( middle age1 ) a few grey hairs4 ,dur&4 vii1 #dd1 #d4 ,footnote #bga3 ,s4 ,john i1 #a4 #ej ,?is also repres5te? ,*ri/1 ',^: y\? is r5ew$ l ! eagle's'3 ,footnote #bgb because1 ris+ f ! dead1 ,he asc5de? into heav54 ,"h1 h[ev]1 x is n portray$ z by ! side1 b z above1 s9ce x d5ote? ! asc5sion1 & ! ^w pron\nc$ ( ,god4 ,b h[1 s9ce ea* ( ! liv+ creatures ha? f\r faces & f\r w+s1 !y c be depict$1 %all be said h]eaft]4 ,footnote #bgc ,footnote #bgb3 ,psalm ciii 7,b5$ic1 anima mea71 #e4 ,footnote #bgc3 ,dur&us1 book vii1 #dd1 ',s4 ,mat!w is signifi$ by a man1 because 8 ,gospel is pr9cipally occupi$ conc]n+ ! humanity ( ,*ri/3 :5ce 8 hi/ory beg9ne? f 8 human p$igree4 ,s4 ,m>k by a lion1 :i* ro>e? 9 ! des]t3 = he *iefly describe? ! ,resurrection3 :5ce 8 ,gospel is read on ,ea/] day4 ,b ! lion is said to r\se 8 :elps on ! ?ird day aft] _! bir?4 ,8 ,gospel beg9ne?1 ',! voice ( "o cry+ 9 ! wild]ness4' ,s4 ,luke by ! ox1 an animal fit = sacrifice3 because he dwelle? on ! ,passion ( ,*ri/4 ,s4 ,john by ! eagle1 because he so>e? to ! ,div9ity ( ,*ri/1 :ile ! o!rs walk ) _! ,"l on e>?4 ,! ,evangeli/s be likewise set =? by ! f\r riv]s ( ,p>adise3 ,john by ,pison2 ,mat!w by ,gihon2 ,luke by ,euphrates2 ,m>k by ,tigris3--z is cle>ly prov$ by ,innoc5t ,,iii1 9 a c]ta9 s]mon on ! ,evangeli/s4'--,we may add1 t ! f9e/ repres5tation ( ! evangeli/ic symbols ) :i* we are acqua9t$ 9 ?is c\ntry'1 occurs 9 ! *ancel ( ,oxt$ *ur*1 ,surrey4 #aj4 ,sometimes !re are pa9t$ ar\nd1 or r b5ea?1 ! ,apo/les2 :o 7 ,8 witnesses by de$ & ^w to ! ends ( ! e>?3 & !y are portray$ ) long hair1 z ,naz>5es1 t is1 holy p]sons4 ,= ! law ( ! ,naz>5es 0 ?is3 f ! "t ( _! sep>ation f ! ord9>y life ( man1 no razor pass$ ^u _! heads4 ,!y are also sometimes pa9t$ "u ! =m ( twelve %eep3 because !y 7 sla9 l %eep = ! ,"l's sake3 & sometimes ! twelve tribes ( ,israel are s repres5t$4 ,:51 h[ev]1 m or less %eep ?an twelve are pa9t$1 !n ano!r ?+ is signifi$1 accord+ to t say+ ( ,mat!w1 ',:5 ! ,son ( ,man %all come 9 ,8 glory--!n %all ,he sit on ! ?rone ( ,8 glory3 & be=e ,him %all be ga!r$ all nations1 & ,he %all sep>ate !m "o f ! o!r1 z a #ea %eph]d divide? ! %eep f ! goats4' ,footnote #bgd ,h[ ! ,apo/les ,b>?olomew & ,&rew are to be pa9t$1 %all be said h]eaft]4 ,footnote #bge ,footnote #bgd3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxv1 #a4 ,footnote #bge3 ,s4 ,b>?olomew is repres5t$ ) black & grizzl$ hair1 fair complexion1 l>ge eyes1 /raight nose1 long be>d1 few grey hairs1 mod]ate height1 ) a high :ite neck1 clo!d 9 purple1 ) a :ite pall1 hav+ purple gems at ea* angle4 ,dur&4 vii1 #be1 #b4 ,s4 ,&rew _h a d>k complexion1 long be>d1 mod]ate height4 ,?is is !re=e said1 t ye may "k h[ he ought to be pa9t$3 :i* %\ld be kn[n ( ! o!r apo/les & sa9ts4 ,dur&4 vii1 #ch1 i4 #aa4 ,& note t ! patri>*s & prophets are pa9t$ ) :eels 9 _! h&s4 ,"s ( ! apo/les ) books & "s ) :eels3 namely1 because be=e ! adv5t ( ,*ri/ ! fai? 0 set =? "u figures1 & _m ?+s 7 n yet made cle>2 to repres5t ?is1 ! patri>*s & prophets are pa9t$ ) :eels1 to signify t imp]fect k4 ,b because ! apo/les 7 p]fectly taught ( ,*ri/1 !re=e ! books1 :i* are ! emblems ( ?is p]fect k1 are op54 ,b because "s ( !m r$uc$ _! k 9 writ+1 to ! in/ruction ( o!rs1 !re=e fitt+ly !y are repres5t$ ) books 9 _! h&s l doctors4 ,s ,paul1 & ! ,evangeli/s1 ,pet]1 ,james1 & ,jude4 ,b o!rs1 :o wrote no?+ :i* has la/$1 or be5 receiv$ into ! canon by ! ,*ur*1 are n portray$ ) books b ) :eels1 z a type ( _! prea*+4 ,:5ce ! ,apo/le to ! ,ephesians1 ',& he gave "s apo/les1 & "s prophets1 & "s evangeli/s1 & "s pa/ors & tea*]s = ! "w ( ! m9i/ry4' ,footnote #bgf ,footnote #bgf3 ,ephes4 iv1 #aa4 #ab4 ,b ! ,div9e ,maje/y is also portray$ ) a clos$ book 9 ! h&s3 ':i* no man 0 f\nd wor?y to op5 b ! ,lion ( ! tribe ( ,juda4' ,footnote #bgg ,& sometimes ) an op5 book3 t 9 x e "o may read t ',he is ! ,light ( ! _w'3 ,footnote #bgh & ! ,way1 ! ,tru?1 & ! ,life'3 ,footnote #bgi & ! ,book ( ,life is also portray$4 ,b :y ,paul is repres5t$ at ! "r1 & ,pet] at ! left ( ! ,savi\r1 we %all %[ h]eaft]4 ,footnote #bgg3 ,apocalypse v1 #b4 ,footnote #bgh3 ,s4 ,john viii1 #ab4 ,footnote #bgi3 ,s4 ,john xiv1 #f4 #eb #ac4 ,john ,bapti/ is pa9t$ z a h]mit4 #ad4 ,m>tyrs ) ! in/rum5ts ( _! torture3 z ,s4 ,laur5ce ) ! gridiron3 ,s4 ,/eph5 ) /ones3 & sometimes ) palms1 :i* signify victory1 accord+ to t say+1 ',! righte\s %all fl\ri% l a palm-tree3 ,footnote #bhj z a palm-tree ,footnote #bha fl\ri%es1 s 8 memory is pres]v$4 ,h5ce is x t palm]s1 !y :o come f ,j]usalem1 be> palms 9 _! h&s 9 tok5 t !y h be5 ! soldi]s ( t ,k+ ,:o 0 glori\sly receiv$ 9 ! e>?ly ,j]usalem ) palms3 & ,:o aft]w>ds1 hav+ 9 ! same city subdu$ ! devil 9 battle1 ent]$ ! palace ( heav5 9 triumph ) ,8 angels1 :]e ! j %all fl\ri% l a palm-tree1 & %all %9e l />s4 ,footnote #bhj3 ,psalm xcii1 #ab4 ,footnote #bha3 ,?is explanation diff]s f t usually receiv$3 namely1 t ! righte\s fl\ri%es be/ 9 adv]sity3 z ! palm-tree gr[s fa/e? :5 load$ ) weights4 #ae4 ,confessors are pa9t$ ) _! insignia1 z bi%ops ) _! mitres1 abbots ) _! hoods3 & "s ) lilies1 ,footnote #bhb :i* d5ote *a/ity4 ,doctors ) books 9 _! h&s3 virg9s1 accord+ to ! ,gospel1 ,footnote #bhc ) lamps4 ,footnote #bhb3 ,s 9 ! beautiful hymn at ,lauds 9 ! commemoration ( a virg9 m>tyr1 ( ! ,p>isian ,brevi>y3 ,liliis ,sponsus recubat1 rosisque2 ,tu1 tuo semp] b5e fida ,sponso ,et rosas ,m>tyr1 simul et d$i/i ,lilia ,virgo4 ,footnote #bhc3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxv1 #a4 #af4 ,paul ) a book & a sword3 ) a book1 z a doctor1 or ) ref]5ce to 8 conv]sion3 ) a sword z ,footnote #bhd a soldi]4 ,:5ce ! v]se3 ,! sword d5otes ! ire ( ,saul1 ,! book1 ! p[] conv]t+ ,paul4 ,footnote #bhd3 ,?is is und\bt$ly a mi/ake3 ! sword repres5ts 9 ?is case1 z 9 o!rs1 ! in/rum5t ( m>tyrdom4 #ec #ag4 ,g5]ally ! effigies ( ! holy fa!rs are portray$ on ! walls ( ! *ur*1 or on ! back panels ( ! alt>1 or on ve/m5ts1 or 9 o!r v>i\s places1 s t we may m$itate p]petually1 n indiscreetly or uselessly1 on _! hol9ess4 ,:5ce 9 ,exodus x is comm&$ by ! div9e law1 t 9 ! brea/ ( ,a>on1 ! brea/plate ( judgm5t %\ld be b\nd ,footnote #bhe ) /r+s3 because fleet+ ?\ghts %\ld n occupy ! m9d ( a prie/1 :i* %\ld be girt by reason alone4 ,9 ?is brea/plate also1 accord+ to ,gregory1 ! names ( ! twelve patri>*s are comm&$ to be c>efully inscrib$4 ,footnote #bhe3 ,exodus xxviii1 #bb4 #ah4 ,to be> ! fa!rs ?us impr9t$ on ! brea/1 is to m$itate on ! lives ( anci5t sa9ts )\t int]mission4 ,b !n do? ! prie/ walk blamelessly :5 he gaze? cont9ually on ! example ( ! fa!rs :i* h gone be=e1 :5 he consid]e? )\t ceas+ ! foot/eps ( ! sa9ts1 & represse? unholy ?\ghts1 le/ he w&] beyond ! limits ( "r reason4 #ai4 ,x is to be not$ t ! ,savi\r is always repres5t$ z cr[n$1 z if he said1 ',come =?1 *ildr5 ( ,j]usalem1 & behold ,k+ ,solomon 9 ! diadem ) :i* 8 "m cr[n$ him4' ,footnote #bhf ,b ,*ri/ 0 triply cr[n$4 ,fir/ by ,8 ,"m on ! day ( ,8 conception1 ) cr[n ( pity3 :i* 0 a d\ble cr[n3 on acc\nt ( :at ,he _h by nature1 & :at 0 giv5 ,him3 !re=e also x is call$ a diadem1 :i* is a d\ble cr[n4 ,secondly1 by ,8 /ep-"m 9 ! day ( ,8 ,passion1 ) ! cr[n ( mis]y4 ,?irdly1 by ,8 ,fa!r 9 ! day ( ,8 ,resurrection1 ) ! cr[n ( glory3 :5ce x is writt51 ',o ,"l1 #ed ,?\ ha/ cr[n$ ,him ) glory & hon\r4' ,footnote #bhg ,la/ly1 ,he %all be cr[n$ by ,8 :ole family1 9 ! la/ day ( ,revelation1 ) ! cr[n ( p[]4 ,= ,he %all come ) ! judges ( ! e>? to judge ! _w 9 righte\sness4 ,s also all sa9ts are portray$ z cr[n$1 z if !y said3 ,ye *ildr5 ( ,j]usalem1 behold ! m>tyrs ) ! gold5 cr[ns :]e) ! ,"l ha? cr[n$ !m4 ,& 9 ! book ( ,wisdom3 ',! j %all receive a k+dom ( glory1 & a beautiful diadem f ! h& ( _! ,god4' ,footnote #bhh ,footnote #bhf3 ,canticles iii1 #aa4 ,footnote #bhg3 ,psalm viii 7,dom9e ,dom9us71 #e4 ,footnote #bhh3 ,wisdom v1 #af4 #bj4 ,b _! cr[n is made 9 ! fa%ion ( a r\nd %ield3 because ! sa9ts enjoy ! div9e protection4 ,:5ce !y s+ ) joy3 ',"l1 ,?\ ha/ cr[n$ u ) ! %ield ( ,?y fav\r4' ,footnote #bhi ,b ! cr[n ( ,*ri/ is repres5t$ "u ! figure ( a cross3 ,footnote #bij & is !reby di/+ui%$ f t ( ! sa9ts3 because by ! bann] ( ,8 cross ,he ga9$ = ,himself ! glorification ( ,8 humanity1 & = u fre$om f our captivity1 & ! enjoym5t ( ev]la/+ life4 ,b :5 any liv+ ,footnote #biaprelate or sa9t is portray$1 ! glory is n fa%ion$ 9 ! %ape ( a %ield1 b f\r-squ>e3 t he may be %[n to fl\ri% 9 ! f\r c>d9al virtues3 z x is conta9$ 9 ,footnote #bib ! leg5d ( bless$ ,gregory4 ,footnote #bhi3 ,psalm v 7,v]ba mea71 #ab4 ,footnote #bij3 ,see ,app5dix ,i4 ,footnote #bia3 ,?is does n appe> to h prevail$ 9 ,engl&4 ,! ne>e/ contempor>y effigy ( a sa9t :i* we h obs]v$ 9 /a9$ glass1 is t ( ,s4 ,?omas1 ( ,h]e=d1 9 ! *ur* ( ,co!l/one1 ,som]set%ire4 ,"h ! glory is1 z usual1 ( ! circul> =m4 ,z also 9 ! fresco ( ! m>tyrdom ( ,s4 ,?omas ( ,cant]bury1 9 ,pre/on *ur*4 ,sussex1 :i* is ne>ly contempor>y4 7,see ,app5dix #a47 ,footnote #bib3 ,?is ref]s to ! acc\nt giv5 by ,paulus ,diaconus ( ! visible effulg5ce :i* surr\nd$ ! head ( ?is great doctor :5 he 0 dictat+ 8 works4 #ee #ba4 ,aga91 sometimes ,p>adise is pa9t$ 9 *ur*es1 t x may attract ! behold]s to a foll[+ aft] its rew>ds3 sometimes hell1 t x may t]rify !m by ! fe> ( puni%m5t4' ,footnote #bic ,sometimes fl[]s ,footnote #bid are portray$1 & trees3 to repres5t ! fruits ( good works spr++ f ! roots ( virtues4 ,footnote #bic3 ,a monk nam$ ,con/ant9e set be=e ! pr9ce ^? judgm5ts ( ,god :i* are 9 all ! _w1 & ! retribution ( ! life to come3 8 disc\rse p[]fully affect$ ! hea!n mon>* 7,vladimir1 aft]w>ds ,s4 ,vladimir72 & ?is 0 p>ticul>ly ! case :5 ! monk po9t$ out to him on an icon1 :i* repres5t$ ! ,la/ ,judgm5t1 ! diff]5t lot ( ! good & ! wick$4 ,good to ^? on ! "r h&--woe to ^? on ! left1 exclaim$ ,vladimir1 deeply affect$4'--,m\ravieff's ',hi/1 ( ! ,russian ,*ur*1' p4 #aa1 ,on :i* 8 translator1 ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,w4 ,blackmore1 s5sibly rem>ks1 ',:atev] may be ! "r view ( ! ab/ract "q respect+ icons1 & ! %[+ outw>d respect to !m1 ! ,russians at lea/ _c reasonably be blam$ = rev]+ a usage :i* 0 made ! means1 9 "p at lea/1 ( s bless$ a result z ! conv]sion ( ! great ,pr9ce ,vladimir1 ! ,con/ant9e ( _! *ur* & nation4' ,footnote #bid3 ,?is fl[] "w is excessively common 9 ,norman *ur*es3 t ( ,s4 ,sepul*re's1 at ,cambridge1 0 a notable example ( x4 #bb4 ,n[ ! v>iety ( pictures d5ote? ! div]sity ( virtues4 ,= 'to "o is giv5 by ! ,_s ! ^w ( wisdom3 to ano!r ! ^w ( k1' etc4 ,footnote #bie ,b virtues are repres5t$ "u ! =ms ( wom53 because !y soo! & n\ri%4 ,aga91 by ! ceil+s or vault+s1 :i* are = ! beauty ( ! h\se1 ! m unle>n$ s]vants ( ,*ri/ are set =?1 :o adorn ! ,*ur*1 n by _! le>n+1 b by _! virtues alone4 ,footnote #bie3 ,i ,cor9?1 xii1 #h4 ,! c>v$ images :i* project f ! walls1 appe> z x 7 to be com+ out ( x3 because :5 by reit]at$ cu/om virtues s p]ta9 to ! fai?ful1 t !y seem naturally implant$ 9 !m1 !y are ex]cis$ 9 all _! v>i\s op]ations4 ,h[ a synagogue is depict$1 %all be said h]eaft]3 z also h[ ! pall ( ! ,roman ,pontiff3 & ! ye> ,footnote #bif;& ! zodiacal signs & its mon?s4 ,b ! div]se hi/ories ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts may be repres5t$ aft] ! fancy ( ! pa9t]4 ,= ,pictoribus atque poetis ,quod libet ,footnote #big add5di semp] fuit seque pote/as4 ,footnote #bif3 ,^! are (t5 to be f\nd r\nd ,norman doors3 z 9 t ( ,s4 ,laur5ce1 at ,york1 & ,egleton1 ,rutl&4 ,footnote #big3 ,a false read+1 ( c\rse2 yet n )\t its appropriate s5se--! p[] ( add+ any ornam5tal circum/ance to ! ma9 subject4 #ef #bc4 ,fur!rmore1 ! ornam5ts ( ! *ur* consi/ ( ?ree ?+s3--! ornam5ts ( ! nave1 ,footnote #bih! *oir1 & ! alt>4 ,! ornam5ts ( ! nave consi/ 9 dorsals1 tape/ry1 matt+s1 & cu%ions ( silk1 purple1 & ! l4 ,! ornam5ts ( ! *oir consi/ 9 dorsals1 tape/ry1 c>pets1 & cu%ions4 ,dorsals are hang+s ( clo? at ! back ( ! cl]gy4 ,matt+s1 = _! feet4 ,tape/ry is likewise /rew$ "u ! feet1 p>ticul>ly "u ! feet ( bi%ops1 :o ought to trample worldly ?+s "u _! feet4 ,cu%ions are plac$ on ! seats or b5*es ( ! *oir4 ,footnote #bih3 ,ecclesiae3 "h und\bt$ly ! nave3 z (t5 *ur* is s us$ 9 our pray]-book4 #bd4 ,b ! ornam5t ( ! alt> consi/s 9 portfolios1 alt> clo?s1 relic>ies1 c&le/icks1 crosses1 an orfray1 bann]s1 missals1 cov]+s1 & curta9s4 #be4 ,& notice1 t ! portfolio 9 :i* ! consecrat$ ho/ is kept1 signifie? ! frame ( ! bless$ ,virg91 conc]n+ :i* x is said 9 ! ,psalms1 ',arise1 ,o ,"l into ,?y re/+ place4' ,footnote #bii ,:i* sometimes is ( wood3 sometimes ( :ite ivory3 sometimes ( silv]3 sometimes ( gold3 sometimes ( cry/al3 & accord+ to ! diff]5t sub/ances ( :i* x is made1 designate? ! v>i\s dignities ( ! body ( ,*ri/4 ,aga91 ! pyx :i* conta9e? ! ho/1 :e!r consecrat$ or n consecrat$1 typifie? ! human memory4 ,= a man ought to hold 9 remembrance cont9ually ! b5efits ( ,god1 z well temporal1 :i* are repres5t$ by ! unconsecrat$1 z spiritual1 :i* are set =? by ! consecrat$ ho/4 #eg ,:i* 0 also set =? by ! urn 9 :i* ,god comm&$ t ! manna %\ld be deposit$3 :i*1 albeit x 0 temporal1 prefigur$ nev]!less ?is our spiritual sacrifice1 :5 ! ,"l comm&$ t x %\ld be laid up = an ev]la/+ memorial unto future g5]ations4 ,b ! pyx1 be+ plac$ on ! alt>1 :i* is ,*ri/1 signifie? apo/les & m>tyrs4 ,& ! alt> clo?s & cov]+s are confessors & virg9s1 or all sa9ts3 ( :om sai? ! ,prophet to ! ,"l1 ',?\ %alt be clo!d ) !m z ) a g>m5t4' ,& ( ^! we h spok5 above4 ,footnote #bii3 ,psalm cxxxii 7,dom9e1 mem5to71 #h4 #bf4 ,n[ !re is a diff]5ce betwe5 phylact]ium & phylact]ia4 ,phylact]ium is a scroll on :i* ! t5 comm&m5ts 7 writt53 & ?is k9d ( scroll ! ,ph>isees us$ to we> on ! front "p ( _! g>m5ts1 z a sign ( devotion4 ,:5ce 9 ! ,gospel1 ',!y make broad _! phylact]ies4' ,footnote #cjj ,& ! ^w is d]iv$ f phil>e1 :i* is to keep1 & t]as1 :i* is law4 ,b phylact]ia 7a relic>y7 is a vessel ( silv] or gold1 or cry/al1 or ivory1 or "s sub/ance ( ! same k9d1 9 :i* ! a%es & relics ( ! sa9ts are kept4 ,= :5 ,vigilantius call$ ! fai?ful ,c9]icii1 ,footnote #cja because !y pres]v$ ! a%es !mselves1 to te/ify contempt ( 8 decision1 x 0 ord]$ by ! ,*ur* t !y %\ld be hon\rably pres]v$ 9 preci\s vessels4 ,& ! "n is d]iv$ f phil>e1 :i* is to pres]ve1 & t]on1 :i* is an extremity1 because 9 !m "s #eh portion ( ! extremities ( ! bodies ( sa9ts is pres]v$3 su* z a too? or a f+]1 or some:at ( ! l k9d4 ,ov] ! alt> 9 "s *ur*es also is plac$ a %r9e3 ( :i* we h spok5 9 our section on ! ,alt>4 ,footnote #cjj3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxiii1 #e4 ,footnote #cja3 ,ais1 ,vigilantium1 qui ,greek text hoc vocatur nom9e 7nam ,dormitantius rectius dic]etur71 os foetidum rursum ap]ire1 et putorem spurcissimum contra sanctorum m>tyrum pr(]re relliquias1 et nos1 qui eas suscepimus1 appell>e c9]>ios4--,s4 ,hi]on1 9 ,epp4 ,see also ! ',*ur* ( ! ,fa!rs1' #bnd ed4 *apt] xv4 #bg4 ,at ! horns ( ! alt> ,footnote #cjb two c&le/icks are plac$ to signify ! joy ( ,jews & ,g5tiles at ! nativity ( ,*ri/3 :i* c&le/icks1 by means ( a fl9t1 h _! wicks light$4 ,= ! angel sai? to ! %eph]ds1 ',i br+ y good tid+s ( great joy1 :i* %all be to all p3 = to y is born ?is day ! ,savi\r ( ! _w4 ,footnote #cjc ,he is ! true ,isaac1 ,footnote #cjd :i* be+ int]pret$1 is laught]4 ,n[ ! light ( ! c&le/ick is ! fai? ( ! p4 ,= to ! ,jewi% p1 sai? ! ,prophet1 ',arise1 %9e1 = ?y light is come3 & ! glory ( ! ,"l is ris5 ^u !e4' ,footnote #cje ,b to ! ,g5tiles ! ,apo/le sai?1 ',ye 7 sometimes d>kness1 b are n[ light 9 ! ,"l4' ,footnote #cjf ,= be=e ! bir? ( ,*ri/ a new /> appe>$ to ! wise m51 accord+ to ! prophecy ( ,balaam4 ',!re %all rise1' sai? he1 'a /> out ( ,jacob1 & a sceptre out ( ,israel4' ,footnote #cjg ,conc]n+ ?is we h also spok5 9 our section ( ! ,alt>4 ,footnote #cjb3 ,?is use ( two c&le/icks is v rem>kable3 z giv+ fre% au?ority to ! cu/om ( ! ,engli% ,*ur*4 ,footnote #cjc3 ,s4 ,luke ii1 #aj4 ,footnote #cjd3 ,g5esis xvii1 #ag1 #ai4 ,footnote #cje3 ,isaiah lx1 #a4 ,footnote #cjf3 ,ephes4 ,v1 #h4 ,footnote #cjg3 ,numb]s xxiv1 #g4 #bh4 ,! snuff]s or scissors = trimm+ ! lamps are ! div9e words by :i* m5 amputate ! legal titles ( ! law1 & reveal ! %9+ _s1 accord+ to t say+1 ',ye %all eat old /ore1 & br+ =? ! old because ( ! new4' ,footnote #cjh ,! vessels 9 ! :i* ! wicks1 :5 snuff$1 are ext+ui%$1 are ! he>ts ( ! fai?ful1 :i* admit ! legal obs]vance to ! lett]4 ,footnote #cjh3 ,leviticus xxvi1 #aj4 #ei #bi4 ,aga91 ! tongs1 by ! d\ble too? ( :i* ! fire is arrang$1 are prea*]s2 :o in/ruct u by ! accordant pages ( bo? ,te/am5ts1 & by _! behavi\r sett+ u "r1 inflame u to ! practice ( *>ity4 #cj4 ,b ! scuta1 t is cups1 ( equal size at top & bottom1 made = w>m+ wat]1 are ^? doctors :o d n conceal ! treasure ( _! he>ts3 b 'br+ =? out ( x ?+s new & old'3 ,footnote #cji z a 'c&le :i* is n put "u a bu%el1 b 9 a c&le/ick1' ,footnote #cajt !y :o are 9 ! h\se ( ! ,"l may receive ! light & ! heat ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,footnote #cji3 ,s4 ,mat!w xiii1 #eb4 ,footnote #caj3 ,s4 ,mat!w v1 #ae4 #ca4 ,! cross also is to be plac$ on ! alt> t ! cross-be>]s may !nce raise x3 9 :i* action we commemorate h[ ,simon ! ,cyr5ian took ! cross f ! %\ld]s ( ,*ri/ & bore x4 ,betwe5 ! two c&le/icks ! cross is plac$ on ! alt>3 because ,*ri/ /&e? 9 ! *ur*1 ! ,m$iator betwe5 two peoples4 ,= ,he is ! ,corn]-/one1 ',:o ha? made bo? "o'3 ,footnote #caa to ,:om ! %eph]ds came f ,judaea1 & ! wise m5 f ! ,ea/4 ,conc]n+ ?is we %all h]eaft] speak 9 ano!r s5se1 :5 treat+ ( ! prie/'s approa* to ! alt>4 ,footnote #caa3 ,ephesians ii1 #ad4 #cb4 ,aga91 ! front ( ! alt> is ornam5t$ ) an orfray4 ,z x is writt53 ',?\ %alt make ,me an alt>1 & %alt make a cr[n 9 a circle ab\t x ( f\r f+]s' bread?4' ,footnote #cab ,! alt>1 ye "k1 sometimes signifie? ! he>t3 9 :i* ! sacrifice ( true fai? mu/ be (f]$ by contrition3 & !n ! orfray signifie? ! tak+ 9 h& ( a good occupation3 :]e) we ought to adorn our =eheads1 t we may give light to o!rs4 ,sometimes ! alt> signifie? ,*ri/3 & !n by ! orfray ! ornam5t ( *>ity #fj is fitly repres5t$4 ,= z gold ha? ! sup]iority ov] all metals1 s ha? *>ity ov] o!r virtues4 ,:5ce ! ,apo/le1 9 ! fir/ to ! ,cor9?ians3 ',b ! greate/ ( ^! is *>ity4' ,footnote #cac ,= our fai? ought to be adorn$ ) ! orfray ( *>ity1 t we may be ready to lay d[n our lives = ,*ri/'s sake4 ,bann]s are also susp5d$ above ! alt>s3 t 9 ! *ur* t triumph ( ,*ri/ may ev]more be held 9 m9d1 by :i* we also hope to triumph ov] our enemy4 ,footnote #cab3 ,exodus xxvii1 #d4 ,footnote #cac3 ,i ,cor9?1 xiii1 #ac4 #cc4 ,! book ( ! ,gospel is fix$ on ! alt>1 because ! ,gospel ha? ,*ri/ = its au?or1 & be>e? witness1 to ,him4 ,:i* book is !re=e adorn$ on 8 outside1 = ! cause t we %all make m5tion ( h]eaft]4 ,next1 ! vessels & ut5sils 9 ! h\se ( ! ,"l _h _! orig9 f ,moses & ,solomon3 :i* 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t 7 _m & div]se1 z x is writt5 9 ,exodus1 & hav+ div]s significations1 conc]n+ :i*1 = ! sake ( brevity1 we w n 9 ?is place treat4 #cd4 ,n[ all ?+s :i* p]ta9 to ! ornam5t ( a *ur*1 mu/ be remov$ or cov]$ ov] 9 ! season ( ,l5t3 :i* accord+ to "s take? place on ,passion ,sunday1 because aft] t "t ! ,div9ity ( ,*ri/ 0 hidd5 & conceal$ 9 ,him4 ,= ,he gave ,himself up to be betray$ & sc\rg$1 z if ,he 7 only man1 & _h n 9 ,him ! virtue ( div9ity3 :5ce 9 ! ,gospel ( ?is day x is writt51 ',b ,jesus hid ,himself1 & w5t out ( ! temple4' ,footnote #cad ,footnote #cad3 ,s4 ,john viii1 #ei4 ,!n !re=e ! crosses are cov]$1 t is1 ! virtue ( ,8 div9ity is hidd54 ,o!rs d ?is f ! fir/ ,sunday ( ,l5t3 because aft] t "t ! ,*ur* beg9ne? to treat ( ,8 ,passion4 ,:5ce 9 t "t ! cross mu/ n be borne 9 procession #fa f ! *ur*1 except x be cov]$2 &1 accord+ to ! use ( "s places1 two cov]+s or curta9s are !n only reta9$3 ( :i* ! "o is hung all r\nd ! *oir1 ! o!r is susp5d$ betwe5 ! alt> & ! *oir3 t ^? ?+s :i* be )9 ! ,holy ( ,holies may n appe>4 ,9 t ! ,sanctu>y & ,cross are !n veil$1 we be taught ! lett] ( ! ,law1 t is1 its c>nal obs]vance1 or t ! und]/&+ ( ,holy ,scriptures be=e ! ,passion ( ,*ri/ 0 veil$1 hidd51 & obscure3 & t 9 t "t !re 0 a veil3 t is1 m5 _h an obscurity be=e _! eyes4 ,x signifie? also ! sword :i* 0 set be=e ! gate ( ,p>adise3 because ! c>nal obs]vance we h spok5 (1 & ?is obscurity1 & ! sword at ! gate ( ,p>adise1 7 remov$ by ! ,passion ( ,*ri/4 ,!re=e ! curta9s & veils ( ?is k9d are remov$ on ,good ,friday4 ,b 9 t 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 !re 7 bea/s t *ew$ ! cud1 & cleft ! ho(1 z ox5 us$ 9 pl\gh+1 t is disc]n+ & spiritually p]ceiv+ ! my/]ies ( ,scripture3 !re=e 9 ,l5t only a few prie/s1 to :om 'x is giv5 to "k ! my/]ies ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god' ,footnote #cae g beh9d ! veil4 ,footnote #cae3 ,/4 ,mat!w xiii1 #aa4 #ce4 ,conc]n+ ?is x is to be not$ t !re be ?ree k9ds ( veils :i* be hung 9 *ur*es3 t :i* conceale? ! my/]ies3 t :i* divide? ! sanctu>y f ! cl]gy3 t :i* divide? ! cl]gy f ! laity4 ,! fir/ d5ote? ! law3 ! second d5ote? our unwor?9ess1 9 t we are unwor?y1 nay unable to behold ?+s cele/ial4 ,! ?ird is ! co]cion ( our c>nal pleasures4 ,! fir/1 namely1 ! curta9 t is hung f ea* side ( ! alt>1 :5 ! prie/ goe? into ! holy place1 is typifi$ by t :i* is writt5 9 ,exodus4 #fb ',moses put a veil ov] 8 face1 = ! *ildr5 ( ,israel c\ld n su/a9 ! brightness ( ,8 c\nt5ance4' ,footnote #caf ,& z ! ,apo/le sai?1 ',ev5 to ?is day is ?is veil ov] ! he>ts ( ! ,jews4 ,footnote #cag ,! second1 namely ! curta9 t 9 ! (fice ( ! ,mass dur+ ,l5t is susp5d$ be=e ! alt>1 0 set =? by ! veil :i* 0 hung up 9 ! tab]nacle1 & divid$ ! ,holy ( ,holies f ! holy place1 z %all be decl>$ 9 ! proeme to ! f\r? "p3 by :i* ! ark 0 conceal$ f ! p3 & x 0 wr\ght cunn+ly1 & adorn$ ) a fair v>iety ( devices4 ,?is 0 x t 0 r5t 9 ! ,passion ( ! ,"l3 & aft] its patt]n1 ! curta9s at ?is day are cunn+ly wr\ght ) div]s patt]ns4 ,conc]n+ ! a=esaid veil1 & ( :at sort ! curta9s ought to be1 x is writt5 9 ,exodus4 ,! ?ird k9d ( veil d]ive? its orig9 f !nce1 t ! p]ibolus 9 ! primitive ,*ur*1 or wall :i* encompasse? ! *oir1 0 only rais$ z f> z ! elevation ( ! *oir2 ,footnote #cah :i* ev5 to ?is day is obs]v$ 9 "s *ur*es3 :i* 0 done t ! p #fc see+ ! cl]gy s++ psalms1 might foll[ _! good example4 ,b at ?is "t z x 7 a veil or wall is susp5d$ or int]pos$ betwe5 ! cl]gy & ! laity1 t !y may n be able to behold ea* o!r3 z if to say1 9 v de$1 'turn away m9e eyes1 le/ !y behold vanity4' ,footnote #cai ,footnote #caf3 ,exodus xxxiv1 #cc4 ,footnote #cag3 #b ,cor9?1 iii1 #ae4 ,footnote #cah3 ,!re is mu* difficulty 9 ?is passage4 ,we conceive t ,dur&us :ile writ+ x _h 9 8 m9d's eye ! arrangem5t ( _m ( ! ,basilican *ur*es1 9 :i* ! *oir 0 rais$ ov] ! crypt 7call$ ,confessio1 or ,m>tyrium71 9 :i* ! a%es ( ! sa9ts 7 laid1 & 0 deta*$ f ! nave by two flights ( /eps1 "o on ea* side ( ! desc5t to ?is und]cr(t4 ,9 ?is case ! appodiation w\ld mean ! elevation ( ! *oir1 itself consid]$ z a suffici5t di/9ction f ! nave4 ,! usual repres5tations ( ,basilican *ur*es1 h[ev]1 always %[ "s rails1 or cancelli1 besides ?is appodiation4 ,! le>n$ ,fa!r ,?i]s devotes ! ?ird section ( 8 ',diss]tation sur la ,clture du ,*oeur des ,eglises' to ! consid]ation ( ?is passage4 ',guillaume ,dur&1 ,evque de ,m&e1 assure que dans la ,primitive ,eglise1 le *oeur etait sp> de la ,nef p> une muraille d'appui1 af9 que le peuple voiant la ,cl]g *ant] les l\anges de ,dieu en ft difi4 ,mais comme il p>le d'un fait beauc\p loign de son tems1 et qui n'e/ atta*e p> aucun anci5 auteur1 je ne p5se pas que l'on doive faire gr&e fonds sur son temoignage4' ,we suspect t ,?i]s is wrong 9 con/ru+ appodiatio by muraille d'appui3 ! latt] w\ld well express ! real ,basilican arrangem5t1 ) :i* ! translator 0 probably acqua9t$4 ,dur&us1 !re=e1 is wrong 9 8 fact2 & ,?i]s wrong 9 8 und]/&+ ( ,dur&us1 z well z 9 ! !ory /at$ 9 ! next section1 t ',depuis ,con/ant9 le *oeur de quelques ,eglises etoit di/+ue de la ,nef p> des tapiss]ies ou des voiles4' ,= he gr\nds ?is *iefly on ! next ass]tion ( ,dur&us ab\t ! use curta9s1 'hoc tempore1 v]s la f9 du #ac siecle4' ,if we did n "k f facts t be=e ?is "t roodscre5s 7 9 ord9>y use1 ! words ( ,dur&us velum aut murus w\ld %[ u t he means ! wall to be tak5 metaphorically = a veil4 ,& s ,?i]s may h se51 s9ce he concludes 8 section ?us--' ,mais peut tre que ,!odoret p>le des tapiss]ies et ,dur& des voiles qui convroi5t la ,clture du ,*oeur p> le d$ans1 et que s\s ces tapiss]ies et ces voiles il y avoit une v]itable clture de balu/res1 ou de muraillcs ple9es4' ,footnote #cai3 ,psalm cxix 7,beati immaculati71 #cg4 #cf4 ,b on ,holy ,saturday all ! curta9s are tak5 away1 because on ! ,passion ( ! ,"l ! veil ( ! temple 0 r5t3 & by t ?+ ! spiritual intellig5ce ( ! ,law 0 reveal$ unto u1 :i* till t "t lay hid1 z is said a=e3 & ! door ( ! k+dom ( heav5 is op5$1 & p[] 0 giv5 unto u1 t we _c be ov]come ( our c>nal concupisc5ce1 unless we ourselves d yield4 ,b ! veil :i* sep>ate? ! sanctu>y f ! *oir1 is drawn or lift$ up at vesp]s on e ,saturday ( ,l5t3 :5 ! (fice ( ! ,sunday is begun1 t ! cl]gy may be able to look into ! sanctu>y3 because ! ,sunday commemorate? ! ,resurrection4 #cg4 ,?is !re=e is done on ! six ,sundays ( ,l5t3 because !re 0 no age 9 :i* joy1 & t joy et]nal1 0 n made 9 "s sort manife/1 t joy :i* is conceal$ 9 heav51 z is signifi$ by t veil4 ,!nce is x t we fa/ n on ! ,sundays1 & ?is on acc\nt ( ! glory ( ! ,resurrection4 ,= ! fir/ ,sunday signifie? ! joy :i* our p>5ts enjoy$ 9 ! ,p>adise be=e ! fall4 #fd ,! second ,sunday signifie? ! joy ( ! few :o 7 pres]v$ 9 ! ark ( ,noah1 :5 all else 7 dr[n$ 9 ! deluge4 ,! ?ird1 ! gladness ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel1 :5 9 ! "t ( ,joseph o!rs 7 afflict$ ) fam9e4 ,! f\r?1 _! joy :5 !y liv$ ) all peace "u ,solomon4 ,footnote #cbj ,! fif?1 _! gladness :5 return+ f ! ,babylonian captivity4 ,! six?1 t ( ! disciples f ! ,resurrection to ! ,asc5sion3 :5 ! bridegroom 0 ) !m 9 pres5ce4 ,footnote #cbj3 #c ,k+s iv1 #bj4 #ch4 ,9 fea/s likewise ( n9e lessons1 ,footnote #cba :5 !y occur 9 ,l5t1 ! be=e-m5tion$ veil is rais$ & lift$ up4 ,b ?is is n ( ! in/itution ( ! e>lie/ times1 because !n no fea/ 0 celebrat$ 9 ,l5t4 ,b !n on :atev] day a fea/ occurr$1 commemoration 0 made ( x on ! ,saturday & ,sunday foll[+1 accord+ to ! canon ( ,pope ,m>t92 & s 9 ! xiii? book ( ,bur*>dus4 ,footnote #cbb ,& all ?is on acc\nt ( ! sadness ( t "t4 ,aft]w>ds ! contr>y use prevail$3 t fea/s ( n9e lessons occurr+ 9 ,l5t %\ld be solemnly obs]v$1 & a fa/ nev]!less kept4 ,footnote #cba3 ,= an explanation ( ! :ole ,ca?olic sy/em ( fea/s1 d\ble1 semi-d\ble1 & simple1 ! read] is ref]r$ to ! ,tracts = ! ,times1 vol4 iii4 ,footnote #cbb3 ,s4 ,bur*>dus ( ,worms fl\ri%$ 9 #ajbe3 & is n to be conf\nd$ ) ,john ,bur*>dus1 :o wrote an explanation ( ! ,mass = ! use ( ! ,v5etian ,*ur*1 :i* 0 publi%$ 9 #aeei4 #ci4 ,aga91 on fe/ivals curta9s are hung up 9 *ur*es1 = ! sake ( ! ornam5t !y give2 & t by visible1 we may be l$ to invisible beauty4 ,^! curta9s are sometimes t9ctur$ ) v>i\s hues1 z is said a=e3 s t by ! div]sity ( ! col\rs !mselves we may be taught t man1 :o is ! temple ( ,god1 %\ld be orda9$ by ! v>iety & div]sity ( virtues4 #fe ,a :ite curta9 signifie? pur5ess ( liv+3 a r$1 *>ity3 a gre51 contemplation3 a black1 mortification ( ! fle%3 a livid-col\r$1 tribulation4 ,besides ?is1 ov] :ite curta9s are sometimes susp5d$ hang+s ( v>i\s col\rs3 to signify t our he>ts ought to be purg$ f vices3 & t 9 !m %\ld be ! curta9s ( virtues1 & ! hang+s ( good works4 #dj4 ,moreov]1 on ! ,fea/ ( ! ,nativity ( ! ,"l "s *ur*es exhibit no hang+s3 "s poor1 & "s good4 ,^? :i* h none1 signify our %ame2 = ev5 if we are fill$ ) ! greate/ joy at ! bir? ( a ,savi\r1 ,footnote #cbc we ought n1 h[ev]1 to be )\t %ame t su* 0 our s9 t ! ',son ( ,god empti$ ,himself on our acc\nt1 & took ^u ,him ! =m ( a s]vant4' ,footnote #cbd ,& on t acc\nt also we solemnise ,8 ,passion n ) joy1 b ) a sev]e fa/2 :]eas :5 we celebrate ! passion ( o!r sa9ts we d x ) gladness1 & indulge ourselves some:at 9 meat & dr9k1 z %all be said 9 ! six? book4 ,b our ,"l's ,passion is a s\rce ( %ame to u on acc\nt ( our s9s4 ,! sa9ts1 on ! o!r h&1 di$ n = our s9s1 b suff]$ = ,*ri/4 ,^? *ur*es :i* on ! ,nativity susp5d curta9s ( poor texture !reby typify t ,*ri/ did !n 'take ^u ,himself ! =m ( a s]vant1 ,footnote #cbe & 0 clo!d 9 mis]able rags4 ,^? :i* employ ri*] hang+s1 set =? by !m ! gladness aris+ f ! ,bir? ( a ,k+3 & tea* :at mann] ( p]sons we ought to be 9 our reception ( s great a ,gue/4 ,footnote #cbc3 ,9 accordance ) ?is feel+1 ! fir/ ,psalm at ! second vesp]s ( ! nativity 9 ! ,b5$ict9e ,brevi>y is ! ,de pr(undis4 ,footnote #cbd3 ,philip1 ii1 #g4 ,footnote #cbe3 ,philip1 ii1 #g4 #ff #da4 ,9 "s *ur*es ! alt> at ,ea/]-tide is deck$ ) preci\s hang+s1 & veils ( ?ree col\rs are plac$ ov] x3 r$1 pale1 & black1 :i* d5ote ?ree seasons4 ,:5 ! fir/ lesson & its response are f9i%$1 ! black veil is remov$2 :i* signifie? ! "t be=e ! ,law4 ,:5 ! second lesson & its response are f9i%$1 ! pale veil is remov$3 :i* signifie? ! "t ( ! ,law4 ,! ?ird be+ f9i%$1 ! r$ is remov$1 :i* sette? =? ! "t ( ,grace3 t is1 t by ! ,passion ( ,*ri/ an entrance is adm9i/]$ unto u to ! ,holy ( ,holies & to et]nal glory4 ,b conc]n+ ! cov]+s & clo?s ( ! alt>s we h spok5 9 our sections on ! same4 #db4 ,on high fea/s1 ! treasures ( ! *ur* are br\ght =? on ?ree acc\nts4 ,fir/ly1 by way ( safegu>d3 t x may be made manife/ t he :o ha? !m 9 *>ge ha? be5 c>eful 9 8 c>e ( !m4 ,secondly1 = ! m rev]5ce ( ! solemnity4 ,?irdly1 = ! memory ( _! oblation2 namely1 = ! commemoration ( !m t be/[$ !m on ! *ur*4 ,b 9 t ! *ur* is glori\sly adorn$ )9 & n )\t1 x is !reby signifi$ t 'all its glory is f )94' ,footnote #cbf ,= al?\gh its outw>d appe>ance be despicable1 ! s\l :i* is ! seat ( ,god is illum9at$ f )93 accord+ to t say+1 ',i am black b comely4' ,footnote #cbg ,& ! ,"l sai? to ! ,prophet3 ',i h a goodly h]itage4' ,footnote #cbh ,:i* ! ,prophet consid]+ 9 8 m9d1 sai?1 ',"l1 ,i h lov$ ! beauty ( ,?9e h\se'3 ,footnote #cbi :i* is spiritually adorn$ by ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,*>ity4 ,sometimes ! *ur*1 bo? mat]ial & spiritual1 ha? ne$ to be cleans$3 conc]n+ :i* 9 ! sev5? book4 ,footnote #cbf3 ,psalm xlv 7,eructavit71 #f4 ,footnote #cbg3 ,cantic4 i1 #e4 ,footnote #cbh3 ,! bi%op probably ref]s to ,psalm xvi 7,cons]va me71 #f4 ,! words 9 reality spok5 by ,david are und]/ood by him z if spok5 by ! ,almighty4 ,footnote #cbi3 ,psalm xxvi 7,judica me71 #h4 #fg ,9 "s *ur*es two eggs ( o/ri*es & o!r ?+s :i* cause admiration1 & :i* are r>ely se51 are accu/om$ to be susp5d$3 t by _! means ! p may be drawn to *ur*1 & h _! m9ds ! m affect$4 #dc4 ,aga91 "s say t ! o/ri*1 z be+ a =getful bird1 'leave? h] eggs 9 ! du/'3 ,footnote #ccj & at l5g?1 :5 %e beholde? a c]ta9 />1 returne? unto !m1 & *e]e? !m by h] pres5ce4 ,!re=e ! eggs ,footnote #cca ( o/ri*es are hung 9 *ur*es to signify t man1 be+ left ( ,god on acc\nt ( 8 s9s1 if at l5g? he be illum9at$ by ! ,div9e ,light1 rememb]e? 8 faults & returne? to ,him1 ,:o by look+ on him ) ,8 ,m]cy *]i%e? him4 ,z x is writt5 9 ,luke t aft] ,pet] _h d5i$ ,*ri/1 ! ',"l turn$ & look$ ^u ,pet]4' ,footnote #ccb ,!re=e be ! a=esaid eggs susp5d$ 9 *ur*es1 ?is signify+1 t man easily =gette? ,god1 unless be+ illum9at$ by a />1 t is1 by ! ,influ5ce ( ! ,holy ,_s1 he is rem9d$ to return to ,him by good works4 ,footnote #ccj3 ,job xxxix1 #ad4 ,footnote #cca3 ,p]haps ?is cu/om 0 introduc$ by ! ,crusad]s4 ',z ! o/ri* is good = food1 s1 x seems1 are its eggs3 to say no?+ ( _! be+ objects ( att5tion1 z be+ us$ mu* 9 ! ,ea/ by way ( ornam5t2 = !y are hung up 9 _! places ( public wor%ip1 along ) _m lamps4' ,h>m]'s ',obs]vations1' vol4 iv1 p4 #ccf1 :o ref]s to ,pococke's ',travels1' vol4 i1 p4 #ca1 & imag9es t ,dr4 ,*&l]1 9 8 travels 9 ,asia ,m9or1 0 mi/ak5 :5 he suppos$ t ! ,turki% ,mosque ( ,magnesia 0 ornam5t$ ) lamps p5d5t f ! ceil+ int]mix$ ) balls ( poli%$ ivory1 p4 #bfg4 ,o/ri* eggs might easily be mi/ak5 = ivory balls4 ,! foll[+ passage f ,de ,moleon is curi\s3 ',at ! conclusion ( mat9s1' he says1 speak+ ( ! rites ( ,s4 ,maurice at ,ang]s on ,ea/] ,day1 'two *apla9s take _! place beh9d ! alt> curta9s4 ,two corbeli]s 7,cubicul>es7 9 dalmatics1 amices1 & mitellae1 ) gloves on _! h&s1 pres5t !mselves be=e ! alt>4 ,! *apla9s *ant4 ,quem qua]itis8 ,! corbeli]s repres5t+ ! ,m>ies1 reply1 ,jesum ,naz>5um ,crucifixum4 ,! o!rs answ]1 ,resurrexit1 non e/ hic4 ,! corbeli]s take f ! alt> two o/ri* eggs wrapp$ 9 silk1 & g =?1 *ant+1 ,alleluia resurrexit ,dom9us1 resurrexit ,leo ,=tis1 ,*ri/us1 ,filius ,dei4'--,voyag4 ,lit4 p4 #ih4 ,footnote #ccb3 ,s4 ,luke xxii1 #fa4 #fh #dd4 ,n[ 9 ! ,primitive ,*ur*1 ! sacrifice 0 (f]$ 9 vessels ( wood1 & common ve/s3 = !n 7 '*alices ( wood1 & prie/s ( gold'3 :]e( ! contr>y is n[4 ,b ,sev]9us1 ,pope1 decre$ t x %\ld be (f]$ 9 glass3 ,footnote #ccc b because su* vessels 7 easily brok51 !re=e1 ,urban1 ,pope1 & ! ,c\ncil ,footnote #ccd ( ,rheims decre$ t gold or silv] vessels %\ld be us$3 or on acc\nt ( pov]ty1 t91 :i* ru/e? n3 b n 9 wood nor 9 brass4 ,!re=e x might n be 9 glass on acc\nt ( ! dang] ( effusion3 nor ( wood s9ce be+ por\s & spongy1 x absorbe? ! blood3 nor ( brass nor ( bronze1 ! ru/ ( :i* is unseemly4 ,footnote #ccc3 ,see ,m>t5e1 ,tom4 ,,iv1 ii1 #i2 ! ,ducretum1 fol4 #cie4 ,footnote #ccd3 ',a4,d4 #hgd1 ,vid4 ,concil4 ,coll4 ,reg4 ,tom4 ,i4 p4 #bhh4' ,see also ,p4 ,tunoc4 iv1 ,ep4 ad ,otton4 ,c>el4 xiii ,h>d\9 vii1 #cfe4 #de4 ,& note t ! "n ( *alice is d]iv$ f ! ,old ,te/am5t3 :5ce ,j]emiah1 ',babylon is a gold5 *alice t make? drunk ! nations4' ,footnote #cce ,& ,david3 ',9 ! h& ( ! ,"l is a *alice1 & ! w9e !re( is r$'3 ,footnote #ccf & 9 ano!r place1 ',i w receive ! *alice ( salvation1 & w call on ! "n ( ! ,"l4' ,footnote #ccg ,aga91 9 ! ,gospel3 ',are ye able to dr9k ! *alice t ,i %all dr9k8' ,footnote #cch ,& aga91 ',:5 ,he _h tak5 ! *alice ,he gave ?anks4' ,footnote #cci ,a gold5 *alice signifie? ! 'treasures ( wisdom t be hid 9 ,*ri/4' ,footnote #cdj ,a silv] *alice d5ote? purity f s94 ,a *alice ( t9 d5ote? ! similitude ( s9 & puni%m5t4 ,= t9 is z x 7 halfway betwe5 silv] & lead3 & ! ,humanity ( ,*ri/1 albeit x 7 n lead1 t is1 s9ful1 yet 0 x l to s9ful fle%4 ,& !re=e n silv]3 & al?\gh impassible = ,8 own s91 passible ,he 0 = ours3 s9ce ',he ?us took our infirmities1 & b>e our sicknesses4' ,footnote #cda ,conc]n+ ! ,*alice & ! ,pat5 we %all speak h]eaft]4 ,footnote #cce3 ,j]emiah li1 #g4 ,footnote #ccf3 ,psalm lxxv 7,confitebimur71 #h4 ,footnote #ccg3 ,psalm cxvi 7,dilexi71 #ac4 ,footnote #cch3 ,s4 ,mat!w x1 #bb4 ,footnote #cci3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxvi1 #bg4 ,footnote #cdj3 ,coloss4 ii1 #c4 ,footnote #cda3 ,s4 ,mat!w viii1 #ag4 #fi #df4 ,b if anyone1 ?r\gh cause ( 8 little religion1 %\ld say t ! ,"l comm&$ ,moses to make all ! vessels ( ! ,tab]nacle = e use & c]emony :atev]1 ( brass1 z x is writt5 9 ! eight & tw5tie? *apt] ( ,exodus1 & t preci\s vessels ( ?is sort1 'c\ld be sold = mu*1 & giv5 to ! poor1' ,footnote #cdb he is l ,judas1 & acte? contr>ywise to ! woman :i* br\ght ! alaba/] box ( o9tm5t4 ,?is we reply to him3 n t ,god is bett] pleas$ ) gold ?an braz5 ornam5ts3 b t :5 m5 (f] to ,god t :i* !y value1 by ! wor%ip ( ! ,almighty !y vanqui% _! own av>ice4 ,moreov]1 ^! (fices ( div9e piety be moral1 & significative ( future glory4 ,:5ce also "u ! old law ! prie/'s g>m5ts 7 to be made ( gold1 & jac9?1 & purple1 & sc>let twice dy$1 & wov5 l951 & o!r preci\s ?+s3 t !reby might be made manife/ ) h[ great div]sity ( virtues ! prie/ ought to %9e3 & x 0 also comm&$ t ! alt>1 & ! m]cy-seat1 & ! c&le/ick1 & ! o!r vessels & ornam5ts ( ! alt> %\ld be made ( gold & silv]4 ,! ,tab]nacle also 0 to be made ( div]s preci\s mat]ials1 z is said 9 our section conc]n+ ! ,*ur*4 ,also ! high prie/ "u ! ,law us$ div]s preci\s ornam5ts1 z we h bo? not$1 & %all h]eaft] note4 ,footnote #cdb3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxvi1 #i4 #dg4 ,moreov]1 x 0 =bidd5 9 ! ,c\ncil ( ,orleans1 ,footnote #cdc t ! div9e ornam5ts %\ld be us$ = ! adorn+ ( nuptials1 le/ !y %\ld be pollut$ by ! t\* ( ! wick$1 or by ! pomp ( secul> luxury4 ,by ?is d\btless x is %[n t a *asuble1 or any o!r ornam5t int5d$ = ! div9e my/]ies1 mu/ n be made out ( a common p]son's ve/4 ,footnote #cdc3 ,a4,d4 #ece4 ,decret4 viii4 ,see also ! ,c\ncil ( ,tribur4 ,a4 ,d4 #ajcf4 #gj #dh4 ,/eph51 ,pope1 moreov]1 =bade t anyone %\ld h ! use ( ! ve/s ( a *ur*1 or ( ^? ?+s :i* be t\*$ by religi\s m5 alone1 = o!r purposes3 le/ t v5geance come ^u ^! transgressors :i* befel ,bel%azz> ! ,k+4 ,footnote #cdd ,footnote #cdd3 ,daniel v1 i4 #di4 ,also ,clem5t1 ,pope1 =bade t ! dead %\ld be buri$ or wrapp$ or cov]$1 !y or _! bones1 ) ! alt> clo?1 or cov]+ = ! *alice1 or napk9 :]e) ! prie/ wa%e? 8 h&s be=e consecrat+4 #ej4 ,b :5 ! palls1 t is ! corporals1 & ! veils1 t is ! ornam5ts ( ! alt>1 or ! curta9s hang+ ov] x %all h become unclean1 ! deacons ) _! m9i/]s %all wa% !m )9 ! sanctu>y1 & n )\t4 ,b :5 ! veils1 us$ 9 ! s]vice ( ! alt>1 be wa%$1 let !re be a new bas94 ,& let ! palls1 t is ! corporals1 be wa%$ 9 ano!r bas94 ,& let ! veils = doors1 t is1 ! curta9s :i* are hung up 9 *ur*es at high fea/s1 & 9 ,l5t1 be wa%$ 9 ano!r4 ,?is is x t 0 decre$ ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,l]ida3 ,footnote #cde t = wa%+ ! corporal1 & ! alt> palls c]ta9 vessels be appropriat$ & kept )9 ! *ur*3 9 :i* no?+ else ought to be wa%$4 ,b accord+ to ! a=e-m5tion$ ,clem5t1 if ! alt> pall or cov]+1 or ! cov]+ ( ! seat :]e ! prie/ sitte?1 9 8 holy ve/s1 or ( ! c&le/ick1 or ! veil1 t is ! clo? or curta9s hang+ ov] ! alt> be consum$ by old age1 let !m be burnt2 & _! a%es ca/ 9 ! bapti/]y1 or on ! wall1 or 9 ! dra9s1 :]e !re is no tread+ ( pass]s by4 ,& note t ecclesia/ical ornam5ts be consecrat$3 z %all be said "u ! section ( ,consecrations & ,unctions4 ,footnote #cde3 ',a4,d4 #ebd1 ,concil4 ,coll4 ,reg4 ,tom ,,xi1 p4 #bd4' #ga ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,( ,,bells ,bells1 :at & :]e fir/ us$--,:y ,bless$--,analogy betwe5 ,bells & ,trumpets--,my/ical ,signification--,( ! ,bell-,frame--,( ! ,bell-,ropes--,use ( ,bells at ! ,canonical ,h\rs--,six k9ds ( ,bells--,bells :5 ,sil5t--,( ! ,pass+ ,bell--,( ! ,pray] ,bell--,( ! ,/orm ,bell4 #a4 ,bells are braz5 vessels1 & 7 fir/ inv5t$ 9 ,nola1 a city ( ,campania3 :]e=e ! l>g] bells are call$ ,campanae1 f ,campania ! di/rict1 & ! small] ,nolae1 f ,nola ! t[n4 #b4 ,! reason = consecrat+ & r++ bells is ?is3 t by _! s\nd ! fai?ful may be mutually *e]$ on t[>ds _! rew>d2 t ! devotion ( fai? may be increas$ 9 !m2 t _! fruits ( ! field1 _! m9ds & _! bodies may be def5d$2 t ! ho/ile legions & all ! sn>es ( ! ,enemy may be repuls$2 t ! rattl+ hail1 ! :irlw9ds1 & ! viol5ce ( tempe/s & lightn+ may be re/ra9$2 ! deadly ?und] & bla/s ( w9d held (f2 ! spirits ( ! /orm & ! p[]s ( ! air ov]?r[n2 & t su* z he> !m may flee = refuge to ! bosom ( our holy ,"m ! ,*ur*1 b5d+ e knee be=e ! /&>d ( ! sacr$ rood4 ,^! sev]al reasons are giv5 9 ! (fice = ! bless+ ( bells4 ,footnote #cdf ,footnote #cdf3 ,see ! acc\nt ( ! consecration ( sev]al *ur*es 9 ! isl& ( ,gu]nsey1 tak5 f ! ,black ,book ( ! ,diocese ( ,contances1 9 a pap] by ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,c4 ,lukis1 ,b4,a41 ,tr9ity ,college1 publi%$ 9 ! ,fir/ ,"p ( ! ,transactions ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society4 #gb #c4 ,y mu/ "k t bells1 by ! s\nd ( :i* ! p assemble? toge!r to ! *ur* to he>1 & ! cl]gy to prea*1 '9 ! morn+ ! m]cy ( ,god & ,8 p[] by night1 ,footnote #cdg d signify ! silv] trumpets1 by :i* "u ! ,old ,law ! p 7 call$ toge!r unto sacrifice4 7,( ^! trumpets we %all speak 9 our six? book47 ,= j z ! wat*m5 9 a camp r\se "o ano!r by trumpets1 s d ! m9i/]s ( ! ,*ur* excite ea* o!r by ! s\nd ( bells to wat* ! livelong night aga9/ ! plots ( ! devil4 ,:]e=e our braz5 bells are m sonor\s ?an ! trumpets ( ! ,old ,law1 because !n ,god 0 kn[n 9 ,judea only1 b n[ 9 ! :ole e>?4 ,!y be also m durable3 = !y signify t ! prea*+ ( ! ,new ,te/am5t w be m la/+ ?an ! trumpets & sacrifices ( ! ,old ,law1 namely1 ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w4 ,footnote #cdg3 ,psalm xcii 7,bonum e/ confit]i71 #b #d4 ,aga9 bells d signify prea*]s1 :o ought aft] ! lik5ess ( a bell to exhort ! fai?ful unto fai?3 ! :i* 0 typifi$ 9 t ! ,"l comm&$ ,moses to make a ve/m5t = ! high prie/1 hav+ sev5ty-two bells to s\nd :5 ! high prie/ ent]$ into ! ,holy ( ,holies4 ,footnote #cdh ,also ! cavity ( ! bell d5ote? ! m\? ( ! prea*]1 accord+ to ! say+ ( ! ,apo/le1 ',i am become z s\nd+ brass or a t9kl+ cymbal4' ,footnote #cdi ,footnote #cdh3 ,exodus xxviii1 #ce4 ,footnote #cdi3 ,i ,cor4 xiii1 #a4 #e4 ,! h>dness ( ! metal signifie? =titude 9 ! m9d ( ! prea*]3 :5ce sai? ! ,"l1 ',behold ,i h made ?y face /rong aga9/ _! faces4' ,footnote #cej ,! clapp] or iron1 :i* by /rik+ on ei!r side make? ! s\nd1 do? d5ote ! tongue ( ! tea*]1 ! :i* ) ! adornm5t ( le>n+ do? cause bo? ,te/am5ts to res\nd4 ,footnote #cej3 ,ezekiel iii1 #h4 #gc #f4 ,:]e=e a prelate :i* ha? n ! skill ( prea*+ w be l unto a bell )\t a clapp]3 accord+ to t say+ ( ,gregory1 ',a prie/1 if he kn[e? n h[ to prea* nor :at voice ( exhortation he c deliv]1 is a dumb prea*]1 & also z a dumb dog :i* _c b>k4' ,! /rik+ ! bell d5ote? t a prea*] ought fir/ ( all to /rike at ! vices 9 himself = correction1 & !n advance to blame ^? ( o!rs3 le/ inde$1 contr>y to ! tea*+ ( ! ,apo/le1 ':5 he ha? prea*$ to o!rs1 he himself %\ld be a ca/away4' ,footnote #cea ,:i* also ! ,psalm do? te/ify1 ',b unto ! ungodly1 sai? ,god3 :y do/ ?\ prea* my laws1 & take/ my cov5ant 9 ?y m\?8' ,footnote #ceb ,because truly by ! example ( 8 own suff]+ he (t5 ga9e? access to ^? :om by ! le>n+ ( 8 disc\rse he _c move4 ,! l9k by :i* ! clapp] is jo9$ or b\nd unto ! bell is mod]ation3 by :i*1 namely1 by ! au?ority ( ,scripture1 ! tongue ( ! prea*] :o wi%e? to draw m5's he>ts is rul$4 ,footnote #cec ,footnote #cea3 ,i ,cor9?ians ix1 #bg4 ,footnote #ceb3 ,psalm ,i 7,deus deorum71 #af4 ,footnote #cec3 ,! passage is v un9telligible 9 ! orig9al1 & is probably corrupt$ or transpos$4 #g4 ,! wood ( ! frame ^u :i* ! bell hange?1 do? signify ! wood ( our ,"l's ,cross3 :i* is on ?is acc\nt susp5d$ on high1 because ! ,cross is prea*$ by ! anci5t ,fa!rs4 ,! pegs by :i* ! wood5 frame is jo9$ toge!r or fa/5$1 are ! ,oracles ( ! ,prophets4 ,! iron cramps by :i* ! bell is jo9$ ) ! frame1 d5ote *>ity1 by :i* ! prea*] be+ jo9$ indissolubly unto ! ,cross1 do? boa/ & say1 ',god =bid t ,i %\ld glory save 9 ! ,cross ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4' ,footnote #ced ,! hamm] affix$ to ! frame by :i* ! bell is /ruck1 signifie? ! "r m9d ( ! prea*]1 by :i* he himself1 hold+ fa/ to ! ,div9e comm&s1 do? by frequ5t /rik+ inculcate ! same on ! e>s ( ! fai?ful4 ,footnote #ced3 ,gal4 vi1 #ad4 ,cavilla is ?us expla9$ by ,bele?us4 ,expl4 ,div94 ,(f4 xxiv4 ,cavilla1 sic enim f]rum illud p5sile vocat1 quod ,graeci rectius ,greek text nom9ant1 cujus pulsu campana sonum r$dit4 #gd #h4 ,! rope hang+ f ?is1 by :i* ! bell is /ruck1 is humility1 or ! life ( ! prea*]3 ! same rope also %[e? ! measure ( our own life4 ,besides ^!1 s9ce ! rope ha? its beg9n+ f ! wood ^u :i* ! bell hange?1 by :i* is und]/ood our ,"l's ,cross1 x do? ?us rightly typify ,holy ,scripture :i* do? fl[ d[n f ! wood ( ! ,holy ,cross4 ,z also ! rope is compos$ ( ?ree /r&s1 s do? ! ,scripture consi/ ( a ,tr9ity3 namely1 ( hi/ory1 allegory1 & morality4 ,:5ce1 ! rope com+ d[n f ! wood5 frame into ! h& ( ! prie/ is ,scripture desc5d+ f ! my/]y ( ! ,cross into ! m\? ( ! prea*]4 ,aga91 ! rope rea*e? unto ! h&s by :i* x is grasp$1 because ,scripture ought to proce$ unto good works4 ,also ! rais+ & ! l[]+ ( ! rope 9 r++ do? d5ote t ,holy ,scripture speake? sometimes ( high matt]s1 sometimes ( l[3 or t ! prea*] speake? sometimes l(ty ?+s = ! sake ( "s1 & sometimes condesc5de? = ! sake ( o!rs3 accord+ to t say+ ( ! ,apo/le3 ',:e!r we exalt ourselves x is = ,god1 or :e!r we humble ourselves x is = y4' ,footnote #cee ,aga91 ! prie/ drawe? ! rope d[nw>ds1 :5 he desc5de? f contemplation unto active life3 b is himself drawn upw>d :5 "u ! tea*+ ( ,scripture he is rais$ 9 contemplation4 ,also he drawe? x d[nw>ds :5 he und]/&e? ! ,scripture accord+ to ! 'lett] :i* kille?'2 he is drawn upw>ds #ge :5 he exp\nde? ! same accord+ to ! ,_s4 ,aga91 accord+ to ,gregory1 he is drawn d[nw>ds & upw>ds :5 he measure? himself 9 ,scripture1 namely1 h[ mu* he /ill lie? 9 ! dep?s & h[ mu* he advance? 9 do+ good4 ,footnote #cee3 ,?is appeals to be a ref]5ce to #b ,cor4 v1 #ac4 ,fur!rmore1 :5 ! bell do? s\nd f ! pull+ ( its rope1 ! p are ga!r$ 9 "o = ! exposition ( ,holy ,scripture1 ! prea*] is he>d1 & ! p are unit$ 9 ! bond ( fai? & *>ity4 ,!re=e :5 a prie/ ackn[l$ge? unto himself t he is a debtor unto prea*+1 he mu/ n )draw himself f call+ m5 toge!r by 8 bells1 j z also ! sons ( ,a>on did s\nd _! silv] trumpets4 ,he !re=e move? ! ropes :o do? ( 8 (fice call 8 bre?r5 or ! p toge!r4 ,! r+ 7or pully7 9 ! l5g? ( ! rope1 ?r\gh :i* 9 _m places ! rope is drawn1 is ! cr[n ( rew>d1 or p]sev]ance unto ! end1 or else is ,holy ,scripture itself4 ,moreov]1 ,sav9ianus1 ,pope1 ha? comm&$ t ! h\rs ( ! day %\ld be /ruck 9 *ur*es4 #gf #i4 ,& note t bells are commonly rung = ! ,div9e ,(fices ,footnote #cef twelve times dur+ ! twelve h\rs ( ! day3 namely1 once at prime1 & 9 l mann] once at ! la/ h\r1 because all ?+s come f "o ,god1 & ,god is ,"o1 ,all 9 ,all4 ,at ti]ce !y are rung ?ree times1 = ! second1 ?ird1 & f\r? h\rs :i* are !n *ant$4 ,9 l mann] ?ree times at sexts1 = ! fif?1 six?1 & sev5? h\rs4 ,also ?ree times at nones = ! ?ree h\rs4 ,b at vesp]s1 :i* is ! twelf? h\r1 n "o only b _m times are !y rung1 because 9 ! "t ( grace ! prea*+ ( ! ,apo/les 0 multipli$4 ,also 9 ! night = mat9s !y are rung (t51 because we ought (t5 to call out1 ',wake1 ?\ t sleepe/1 & arise f ! dead4' ,footnote #ceg ,footnote #cef3 ,! read] w sc>cely ne$ rem9d+ t ! day is canonically divid$ into two p>ts ( twelve h\rs ea*1 beg9n+' at six o'clock respectively4 ,prime !re=e is at our six a4m41 ti]ce at n9e1 sexts at twelve1 nones at ?ree p4m41 vesp]s at six p4m41 & compl9e at b$time4 ,haec sunt sept5is propt] quae psallimus horis4 ,matut9a ligat ,*ri/um1 qui crim9a purgat3 ,prima replet sputis2 causam dat ,t]tia ,mortis3 ,sexta ,cruci nectit3 latus ,ejus ,nona bip]tit3 ,vesp]a deponit3 tumulo ,completa reponit4 ,:i* may ?us be translat$2 ,at mat9s b\nd3 at prime revil'd3 condemn'd to dea? at ti]ce3 ,nail'd to ! cross at sexts3 at nones ,8 bless$ side !y pi]ce3 ,!y take him d[n at vesp]-tide2 9 grave at compl9e lay ,:o !nce=? bids ,8 ,*ur* to keep h] sev5fold h\rs alway4 ,! twelve h\rs ( ! night are divid$ into ?ree nocturns1 :i* may be suppos$ to be said at twelve1 two1 & f\r1 & are imm$iately foll[$ by lauds at five4 ,nocturns & lauds 7toge!r call$ mat9s71 ) ! six h\rs above-m5tion$1 make ! sev5 canonical h\rs4 ,on ?is subject we c b ref] our read]s to ! extremely beautiful fif? book ( ,dur&us1 & p>ticul>ly 8 fir/ *apt]1 9 :i* all ! pregnant symbolism ( ! canonical h\rs is set =?4 ,hugo de ,sancto ,victore has briefly t\*$ ^u ! same 9 ! ?ird *apt] ( ! ,9 ,speculum ,ecclesiae1 b ne>ly ! :ole ( 8 acc\nt is conta9$ 9 ,dur&us4 ,see also ,s4 ,isidore ',de ,eccles4 ,(fic4' lib1 ,i1 cap4 xix--xxiii2 & ,bele?us ^: acc\nt is valuable = its concis5ess4 ',explic4 ,div94 ,(fic4' ,caps1 xxi--xxix4 ,! twelve r++s m5tion$ 9 ! text z be+ 9 '! twelve h\rs ( ! day' are ?us to be made out4 ,at prime1 "o2 at ti]ce1 ?ree2 at sexts1 ?ree2 at nones1 ?ree2 at vesp]s1 "o 7! r++ '_m times' be+ only ?us acc\nt$72 & at ! la/ h\r1 "o2 9 :ole twelve1 ,hugo de ,s4 ,victor has a passage almo/ id5tical ) ?is4 ',! bells be also rung twelve times4 ,at prime1 once1 & aga9 at ! la/ h\r once2 because all ?+s be f ,"o ,god1 & ! ,same w be ,all 9 ,all4 ,b at ti]ce1 ?ree times = ! second1 ?ird1 & f\r? h\rs2 & s at sexts1 = ?ree h\rs1 namely1 ! sev5?1 eigh?1 & n9?2 b at vesp]s _m times1 because 9 ! "t ( grace ! prea*+ ( ! ,apo/les 0 multipli$4 ,also at mat9s (t5times1 because we %\ld (t5 exclaim1 ',arise1 ?\ t sleepe/4' ,x w be obs]v$ t ?is passage is corrupt1 nones be+ omitt$1 & its ?ree h\rs giv5 to sexts4 ,mat9s also1 z 9 ! text1 are belong+ to ! twelve h\rs ( ! night4 ,end ,footnote ,footnote #ceg3 ,eph1 v1 #ad4 #gg #aj4 ,commonly also !y be rung ?ree times at nocturns4 ,fir/ ) a squilla ,footnote #ceh or h&-bell1 :i* by its %>p s\nd signifie? ,paul prea*+ acutely4 ,! second r++ signifie? ,b>nabus jo9$ to 8 company4 ,! ?ird intimate? t1 :5 ! ',jews put f !m ! ^w ( ,god1 ! ,apo/les turn$ !mselves to ! ,g5tiles1' :om also !y in/ruct$ 9 ! fai? ( ! ,tr9ity by ! doctr9e ( ! f\r ,evangeli/s4 ,:5ce also "s d use1 f\r peals4 ,footnote #ceh3 ,squilla is prop]ly a sea onion4 ,we conceive t ! sort ( a bell "h meant is a k9d ( h&-bell1 =m$ out ( a holl[ ball ( metal1 furni%$ ) a slit = ! s\nd1 & ) a loose pellet inside4 ,?is answ]s to ! squilla 9 %ape & utt]s a v %rill s\nd4 ,we f9d bel[ t x 0 us$ *iefly 9 ! refectory4 ,s 9 a note to ,m>t5] vol iv1 p4 #cb1 we read 'ad grati>um actionem ,sacri/a sciliam 7! o!r =m ( squillam7 pulsabat4 ,cons4 ,s4 ,b5igni1 cap4 #i4 ,fratribus exeuntibus de pr&io sive de co5a sciliam puls>e non negligat ,hebdomad>ius ,sacri/a4' #aa4 ,& note t !re be six k9ds ( bells :i* be us$ 9 ! *ur*2 namely1 ! squilla1 ! cymbalum1 ! nola1 ! nolula 7or d\ble campana71 ! signum & ! campana4 ,! squilla is rung 9 ! tricl9ium1 t is1 9 ! refectory2 ! cymbalum 9 ! cloi/]2 ! nola 9 ! *oir2 ! nolula or d\ble campana 9 ! clock1 ! campana 9 ! campanile1 ! signum 9 ! t[]4 ,ei!r ( ^!1 h[ev]1 may be call$ g5]ally a bell4 ,& ^! be kn[n by div]se names1 because ! prea*]s signifi$ !reby be necess>y = div]se ends4 #ab4 ,dur+ ! :ole ,septuagesima1 9 ! :i* ,quadragesima or ,l5t is conta9$1 on common days ! bells be n *ant$1 nor *im$1 b toll$1 t is rung s+ly1 at ! h\rs ( ! day1 or at mat9s4 ,footnote #cei ,9 well-ord]$ *ur*es1 !y be /ruck twice at prime2 fir/ to call unto pray]1 secondly to beg93 ?ree times at ti]ce1 accord+ to ! numb] ( h\rs !n /ruck1 #gh z 0 said above2 once to call to pray]1 twice to assemble !m toge!r1 ?rice to beg94 ,9 l mann] x is done at sexts & nones4 ,b = mat9s ! same bells are rung & 9 ! same ord]4 ,= a mass or = vesp]s only two bells be rung4 ,b 9 small] *ur*es !y simply r+ ! bells z a=esaid1 & ?is on ! common days4 ,b on ,sundays & holy days1 !y *ime !m1 z at o!r times4 ,= because prea*]s :o be figur$ by bells1 d ! m ab\nd 9 a season ( grace1 & 'are in/ant 9 season1' !re=e on fe/ivals :i* p]ta9 to grace1 ! bells d s\nd m press+ly & are rung = a long] "t1 to ar\se ^? 't sleep & be drunk51' le/ !y sleep beyond measure4 ,b :at is signifi$ by ! r++ ( bells :5 ! ,te ,deum is *ant$ we %all speak h]eaft]4 ,footnote #cfj ,footnote #cei3 ,x is to be rem>k$ t ?r\gh\t ?is *apt] !re is no allusion to r++ ! bells by rais+ !m & caus+ !m to revolve on axes z practis$ 9 ,engl&4 ,?is & ! beautiful sci5ce ( bell-r++ consequ5t on x are peculi> to ourselves4 ,! me?od ( s\nd+ ! bells "h und]/ood is by a hamm] act+ on ! rim1 or by pull+ ! clapp]1 z is us$ ) u = *imes1 & :]e ! bell frame is weak4 ,?is acc\nts = ! mu* l>g] bells :i* are f\nd abroad1 & :i* 7 nev] meant to be pois$ & swung4 ,ow+ to ! above diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,cont95tal & ,engli% me?ods ( bell-r++1 x is n easy to express ! diff]5ce betwe5 simpuls>e1 compuls>e1 & depuls>e4 ,depuls>e is to r+ by ty+ a rope to ! clapp] ( a bell1 & pull+ ! rope to & fro3 we h accord+ly translat$ x1 to *ant a bell4 ,simpuls>e is to r+ by ty+ a rope to ! hamm]1 & pull+ x back2 ?is we h translat$ to toll4 ,toll+ is ( c\rse p]=m$ by sw++ ! bell r\nd3 b z !re is no ,engli% ^w :i* expresses simpuls>e1 we ?\ght x bett] to use an old t]m 9 a new s5se1 ?an to co9 a new "o4 ,compuls>e is to d to sev]al bells :at depuls>e is to d to "o3 & we h translat$ x to *ime4 ,puls>e we h translat$ to r+4 ,x may be wor?y ( rem>k1 h[ completely ! r++ ( ! bells is "h consid]$ a "p ( ! prie/'s (fice4 ,end footnote ,footnote #cfj3 ,9 ,book ,v1 *apt] iii1 '( ,nocturns1' ,dur&us says1 ',:5 ! nocturns be f9i%$1 ! bells be rung & ! ,te ,deum laudamus is *ant$ ) uplift voice1 to d5ote t ! ,*ur* do? op5ly & wond]fully laud ,god 9 ! "t ( grace1 & to %[ t if by good works we answ] rightly to holy doctr9e1 we %all atta9 to s++ heav5ly praises 9 conc]t ) ! angels4 ,! *ant also is !n made ) a l\d voice1 to signify ! joy ( ! woman at f9d+ ! lo/ 'piece ( silv]4' ,& ! v]sicle ,day by day we magnify ,!e1 & ! foll[+1 be *ant$ /ill m l\dly to set =? ! gratulations ( ! neighb\rs ov] ! f9d+ ( ! piece ( silv]3 & ! r++ ( ! bells repres5te? ! call+ toge!r ( ! neighb\rs4 ,9 "s *ur*es also ! c&les be light$1 because ! woman also 'light$ a c&le & s\ght dilig5tly till %e f\nd x4' ,?is also signifie? t ! ,*ur* ,ca?olic is drawn by ,*ri/ out ( hell4 ,& ! hymn itself repres5te? ! future joy & gladness1 :i* ! ,*ur* re/+ f h] lab\rs %all atta9 9 ! day ( judgm5t4' ,hugo de ,s4 ,victore1 & ,bele?us agree z to ?is r++ ( ! bells at mat9s3 a practice ( :i* p]haps we may f9d ! %ad[ 9 our own use 9 _m places ( r++ ! bells at eight o'clock on ,sunday morn+s1 to :i* day our s]vices are n[ *iefly conf9$4 #gi #ac4 ,moreov]1 ! bells ought to be rung :5 anyone is dy+1 t ! p he>+ ?is may pray = him4 ,footnote #cfa ,= a woman inde$ !y r+ twice1 because %e fir/ caus$ ! bitt]ness ( dea?3 = %e fir/ ali5at$ mank9d f ,god2 :]e=e ! second day _h no b5$iction4 ,footnote #cfb ,b = a man !y r+ ?ree times1 because ! ,tr9ity 0 fir/ %[n 9 man4 ,= ,adam 0 fir/ =m$ f ! e>?1 !n ! woman f ,adam1 aft]w>ds 0 man creat$ f bo?1 & s !re is !re9 a tr9ity4 ,b if ! dy+ man be an ecclesia/ic1 !y toll s _m times z he ha? receiv$ ord]s4 ,& at ! la/ "t !y ought to *ime1 t s ! #hj p may "k = :om !y h to pray4 ,! bells ought also to be *im$ :5 ! corpse is br\ght to ! *ur*1 & :5 c>ri$ out f ! *ur* to ! grave4 ,footnote #cfa3 ,= an acc\nt ( ! 'pass+-bell1' & ! au?ority = its "r use among ourselves1 ! read] is ref]r$ to ,bp4 ,montague's ',articles ( ,inquiry4' ,camb4 #ahda1 pp4 #gf1 #aaf4 ,x is to be obs]v$ t ! bells are "h said to be rung1 n toll$1 z is g5]ally ! case n[4 ,_m w rememb] a beautiful passage ^u ?is cu/om 9 "o ( ! ,rev4 ,f4 ,e4 ,paget's ',tales ( ! ,village4' ,! practice ( _! di/+ui%+ ! sex ( ! dy+ p]son is /ill 9 mo/ places reta9$4 ,footnote #cfb3 ',:]e=e ! second day _h no b5$iction4' ,x w be obs]v$ t ( ?is day only x is n said expressly t ',god saw t x 0 good4' ,we give a *apt] ( ,hugo ,s4 ,victore ^u ?is "q4 ',b x is admirable :]e=e ,god did n see ! works ( ! second day t !y 7 good3 s9ce 9 ea* o!r day ,he is said to h se5 !m1 & t !y 7 good4 ,= ei!r x 0 n ,8 "w1 & s n good2 or if x 7 ,8 "w1 x 0 good4 ,b if x 0 good1 x 0 also ,8 "w3 & !n ,he saw x 0 good1 ,:o c\ld n be ignorant :at x 01 :e!r good or bad4 ,:]e=e !n is x n said "h z else:]e ,god saw t x 0 good8 ,= if ?is be said else:]e only because ! "w 0 made1 :y ought x n also to be said "h s9ce x 0 made8 ,p]haps because dual is ! sign ( division2 s9ce x fir/ rec$e? f unity3 & s "h we p]ceive "s sacram5t4 ,?us ! works ( ! second day be n prais$1 n because !y 7 n good1 b because !y 7 signs ( evil4 ,= ,god made ,8 fir/ works & behold !y 7 all v good3 9 ! :i* nei!r 0 corruption pres5t1 nor p]fection abs5t4 ,b aft]w>ds come? ! devil & man1 & !y also made _! works3 & ^! second works came aft] ! fir/2 ! evil aft] ! good3 & ,god 0 unwill+ to behold ^! works because !y 7 evil2 b behold+ !m by ,8 wisdom1 ,he disapprov$ !m by 8 judgm5t4' ',de ,sacram5tis1' ,lib4 i1 ,p>s ,i1 cap4 xx4 ,s4 ,isodore 7,s5t5t4 ,i1 xx de ,mundo7 does n allude to ?is1 nor ,s4 ,augu/9 ^u ,g5esis4 #ad4 ,also bells be rung at processions1 t ! evil spirits may he> !m & flee1 z %all be said h]eaft]4 ,footnote #cfc ,= !y d fe> :5 ! trumpets ( ! ,*ur* ,militant1 t is ! bells1 be he>d1 l z a tyrant do? fe> :5 he he>e? on 8 own l& ! trumpets ( any pot5t k+ 8 foe4 ,footnote #cfc3 ',! bells be rung 9 processions4 ,= z an e>?ly mon>* ha? 9 8 army royal insignia1 namely trumpets & bann]s2 s ,*ri/ ! ,et]nal ,k+ ha? 9 ,8 ,*ur* ,militant bells = trumpets1 & crosses = bann]s4 ,?us ! r++ ( ! bells do? signify ! prophets1 :o =etold ! adv5t ( ,*ri/4' ,dur&us1 book iv1 *apt] #f1 ',( ! prie/'s approa* to ! alt>s1' sec4 #ai4 ,! same idea is appli$ by ,bele?us to ! mat9 bells 9 8 #bd? *apt]4 #ae4 ,& ?is is ! reason also :y ! ,*ur*1 :5 %e see? a tempe/ to arise1 do? r+ ! bells2 namely1 t ! devils he>+ ! trumpets ( ! ,et]nal ,k+1 :i* be ! bells1 may flee away ?r\gh fe> & cease f rais+ ! /orm2 & t ! fai?ful also may be admoni%$ at ! r++ ( ! bells & be provok$ to be urg5t 9 pray] = ! in/ant dang]4 ,footnote #cfd ,footnote #cfd3 ,see note ,i to ?is *apt]4 ,b = ?ree days be=e ,ea/] ! bells be sil5t1 z %all be said h]eaft]4 ,footnote #cfe ,also ! bells be sil5t 9 "t ( an int]dict1 because (t5 = ! fault ( ^? put "u !m ! tongue ( ! prea*]s is h9d]$2 accord+ to t ( ! ,prophet1 ',i w make ?y tongue cleave to ! ro( ( ?y m\?1 = !y are a rebelli\s h\se'2 ,footnote #cff t is1 = ! p are disob$i5t4 ,footnote #cfe3 ,see ,app5dix4 ,footnote #cff3 ,ezekiel iii1 #bf4 ,! ,*ur* also ha? organs1 ( :i* we %all speak h]eaft]4 ,footnote #cfg ,footnote #cfg3 ,dur&us1 9 8 f\r? book1 *apt] xxxiv1 ',( ! ,sanctus1' says1 ',moreov] 9 ?is conceit ( angels & m51 ! organs d f "t to "t add _! h>mony3 ! :i* 0 introduc$ by ,david & ,solomon1 :o did cause hymns to be sung at ! sacrifice ( ! ,"l1 ) ! conc]t ( organs & o!r in/rum5ts ( music1 & ! p also to jo9 9 *orus4' #ha ,,*apt] ,v ,,( ,,cemet]ies ,,& ,,o!r ,,places1 ,,sacr$ ,,& ,,religi\s ,hol9ess ( ,places2 its ,orig9--,diff]5ce betwe5 ,sacr$1 ,holy1 & ,religi\s--,diff]5t ,names = ,cemet]y--,fir/ use ( ,cemet]ies--,:o are n to be ,buri$ 9 ! ,*ur*--,anci5t ,me?od ( ,burial--,:o are to be ,buri$ 9 a ,cemet]y4 #a4 ,n[ we w ,speak ( cemet]ies & o!r sacr$ & religi\s places4 ,( consecrat$ places1 "s be appropriat$ to human necessity1 o!rs to pray]s4 ,^? ( ! fir/ sort be a x5odo*ium or x5o/orium1 :i* is ! same3 a vaso*onium1 a g]ontocomium1 an orphanotrophium1 a brephotrophiu94 ,= holy fa!rs & religi\s pr9ces h f\nd$ places ( ?is k9d1 :]e ! poor1 ! pilgrims1 old m51 orphans1 infants1 m5 pa/ "w1 ! halt1 ! weak1 & ! w\nd$ %\ld be receiv$ & att5d$4 ,& note t g]onta 9 ,greek is ! same z s5ex 9 ,lat94 ,b ( places appropriat$ to pray]1 !re be t are sacr$1 !re be t are holy1 & !re be t are religi\s4 #hb #b4 ,sacr$ be !y :i* by ! h&s ( ! bi%op h duly be5 sanctifi$ & set ap>t to ! ,"l1 & :i* be call$ by v>i\s names1 z ha? be5 said 9 ! section on ,*ur*es4 ,holy be !y :i* h immunity or privilege3 & be set ap>t = ! s]vitors or m9i/]s ( ! ,*ur*1 conc]n+ :i*1 "u ?reat ( condign puni%m5t1 ei!r by ! canon law or by special privilege1 x is orda9$ t no man %all presume to violate !m4 ,su* be ! c\rts ( *ur*es1 & 9 "s places ! cloi/]s1 )9 :i* be ! h\ses ( ! canons4 ,to :i* :5 crim9als ( :atev] k9d betake !mselves !y h safety4 ,& s accord+ to ! /atutes ( ! civil law be ! gates & !atres ( cities4 #c4 ,religi\s places be !y :]e ! entire body ( a man1 or at lea/ ! head is buri$3 because no man c h two sepul*res4 ,b ! body or any memb] )\t ! head do? n make ! place :]e9 x is buri$ religi\s4 ,b accord+ to ! civil law ! corpse ( a ,jew1 or paynim1 or unbaptis$ infant make? ! place ( its sepul*re religi\s3 yet by ! ,*ri/ian religion & ! canonical doctr9e ! body ( a ,*ri/ian alone make? x s4 ,& note t :atev] is sacr$ is religi\s2 b ! contr>y holde? n4 ,b ! a=e-nam$ religi\s place ha? div]s appellations3 su* be cemet]y1 poly&rum1 or &ropolis 7:i* is ! same ?+71 sepul*rum1 mausoleum 7:i* is also ! same71 dormitorium1 tumulus1 monum5tum1 erga/ulum1 pyramid1 s>cophagus1 bu/um1 urna1 spelunca4 #d4 ,cemet]y ha? its "n f cim5 :i* is sweet1 & /]ion1 :i* is a /ation3 = !re ! bones ( ! dep>t$ re/ sweetly1 & expect ! adv5t ( _! ,savi\r4 ,or because !re be !re9 cimices1 t is reptiles ( intol]able od\r4 #e4 ,poliantrum1 f pollutum antrum1 on acc\nt ( ! c>cases ( m5 !re9 buri$4 ,or poliantrum signifie? a multitude ( m51 f polus1 :i* is a plurality1 & &ros1 :i* is a man2 & !re=e a cemet]y is s call$ on acc\nt ( ! numb] ( m5 !re9 buri$4' ,footnote #cfh ,footnote #cfh3 ,x has be5 ?\ght "r to give a few ( ! bi%op's d]ivations1 le/ 8 translators %\ld be accus$ ( conceal+ a circum/ance :i* may weak51 ) "s1 8 te/imony on o!r po9ts 7?\gh1 z we h be=e %[n1 mo/ unju/ly73 x has n1 h[ev]1 be5 ?\ght necess>y to foll[ him ?r\gh all 8 names ( a cemet]y3 s9ce to d s w\ld be a m]e wa/e ( ! read]'s "t4 #hc ,sections #f to #aj elid$4 #aa4 ,cemet]ies are said to h _! beg9n+ f ,abraham1 :o b\ght a field f ,hebron3 9 :i* 0 a d\ble cave1 ,footnote #cfi :]e he & ,s>ah 7 buri$3 !re also ,isaac & ,jacob 7 buri$3 !re also ,adam & ,eve4 ,footnote #cgj ,!re=e !re 0 a d\ble cave !re3 s9ce !y :o buri$ !re9 7 plac$ side by side1 e man & 8 wife2 or ! m5 9 ! "o1 & _! wives 9 ! o!r3 or because ev]yone !re int]r$ _h a d\ble cave1 aft] ! fa%ion ( a *air4 ,:5ce sai? ,hi]ome1 ,?ree patri>*s are buri$ 9 ! city ,hebron1 ) _! ?ree wives4 ,b !y 7 buri$ z x 7 9 a sitt+ po/ure3 ! upp] "p ( ! cave held ! trunk f ! lo9s3 ! l[] ! ?ighs & legs4 ,footnote #cfi3 ,g5esis xxiii1 #i3 ',we take ?is ^w ,ma*pelah = a prop] "n1 z _m o!rs d3 b ! ,talmudi/s g5]ally ?9k x to h be5 a d\ble cave1 z ! lxx also1 ) ! vulg> ,lat91 und]/& x4 ,yet !y _c agree 9 :at s5se x 0 s3 :e!r !y w5t ?r\gh "o cave into ano!r1 or !re 0 "o above ! o!r4'--,bi%op ,patrick1 s4l4 ,footnote #cgj3 ,"o might almo/ h ?\ght t ?is is a false read+ = ,leah & ,rebecca4 ,= ! common tradition 0 t ,adam & ,eve 7 buri$ 9 ,m\nt ,calv>y3 s t :]e ! fir/ ,adam fell be=e dea?1 ! second ,adam triumph$ ov] dea?4 ,& ! bi%op speaks bel[ ( ?ree patri>*s1 & _! ?ree wives buri$ 9 ,ma*pelah3 :i* is at v>iance ) ! text z x /&s3 b w\ld agree ) ! propos$ em5dation4 ,yet ,s4 ,isidore says1 ',de morte ,abrahae1' fol4 #bie3 ',sepultusque e/ 9 spelunca duplici2 9 cujus int]iore p>te ,adam esse positum traditio ,hebraeorum te/atur4' ,s4 ,victor ^u ,spelunca duplex3 ',domus qua$am fuit subt]ranea1 9 qua erat sol>ium1 et multi fu]ant sepulti1 9 ea et div]sis foveis et subt] et supra2' & 9 ano!r place1 ',spelunca 9 qua e/ sepulta spiritualem designat vitam1 quae e/ occulta3 quae recte duplex vocatur2 propt] bonam actionem et contemplationem4' #hd #ab4 ,b all m5 ought n to be buri$ promiscu\sly 9 ! *ur*3 = x seeme? t t place ( sepul*re pr(ite? n4 ,lucif] 0 ?r[n d[n f ,heav51 & ,adam ca/ out ( ,p>adise2 & :at places be bett] ?an ^!8 ,also ,joab 0 sla9 9 ! ,tab]nacle1 & ,job triumph$ 9 ! dunghill4 ,nay r1 x is to 8 hurt if a man unwor?y or a s9n] be buri$ 9 a *ur*4 ,we read 9 ! ',dialogues' ( ,bless$ ,gregory1 book ! f\r?1 *apt] ! fifty-six?1 t :5 a c]ta9 man ( notori\s wick$ness ,footnote #cga _h be5 buri$ 9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,fau/9us at ,brescia1 9 ! same night ,bless$ ,fau/9us appe>$ to ! w>d5 ( ! *ur*1 say+1 ,speak unto ! bi%op t he ca/ out ! body2 o!rwise he %all die 9 ?irty days4 ,n[ ! w>d5 fe>$ to tell ! ?+ to ! bi%op3 & ! bi%op on ! ?irtie? day sudd5ly dep>t$ out ( ?is life4 ,x is also writt5 9 ! same book1 *apt] ! fifty-sev5?1 t ano!r wick$ man 0 buri$ 9 a *ur*1 & t aft]w>ds 8 body 0 f\nd outside ! *ur*1 ! c]eclo?s rema9+ 9 _! own place4 ,& ,au/9 says1 !y :o are guilty ( notori\s s9s1 if !y be buri$ 9 ! *ur* by _! own desire1 %all be judg$ = _! presumption2 = ! sacr$ness ( ! place do? n free ^? :om ! accusation ( tem]ity condemns4 ,footnote #cga3 ,a simil> /ory has be5 p>odi$ 9 ! ',+oldsby ,leg5ds'3 a "w :i* = irrev]5ce & pr(anity has h>dly an equal4 ,disgraceful z x w\ld be to any au?or1 x is trebly s1 if 7z x is said7 t au?or is a cl]gyman4 ,no body1 !re=e1 ought to be buri$ 9 a *ur*1 or ne> an alt>1 :]e ! ,body & ,blood ( our ,"l are made1 except ! bodies ( holy fa!rs1 :o be call$ patrons1 t is def5d]s1 :o def5d ! :ole c\ntry ) _! m]its1 & bi%ops1 & abbots1 & wor?y presbyt]s1 & laym5 ( em95t sanctity4 ,b all ought to be buri$ ab\t ! *ur*1 or 9 ! c\rt ( ! cloi/]s1 or 9 ! por*3 or 9 ! ex$roe & apses :i* are jo9$ to ! *ur*1 or 9 ! cemet]y4 #he ,"s also say t a space ( ?irty feet r\nd ! *ur* ought to be set ap>t = t purpose4 ,b o!rs say t ! space enclos$ by ! circuit :i* ! bi%op makes ar\nd ! *ur* mu/ suffice = ?is4 ,s4 ,augu/9e sai? 9 8 book ',on ! ,c>e ( ! ,dead1' t[>ds ! end1 t to be buri$ ne> ! tombs ( m>tyrs advantage? ! dead 9 ?is1 t by comm5d+ him to ! gu>dian%ip ( ! m>tyrs1 ! e>ne/ness ( our supplication = him may be increas$4 #ac4 ,( old "t m5 7 buri$ 9 _! own h\ses3 b on acc\nt ( ! /5* !reby eng5d]$1 x 0 decre$ t !y %\ld be buri$ )\t ! city1 & c]ta9 places %\ld be set ap>t by sanctification = t purpose4 ,b noblem5 7 buri$ 9 m\nta9s1 bo? 9 ! middle ( !m & at ! foot3 & also "u m\nds rais$ ( _! own exp5se4 ,footnote #cgb ,b if anyone be sla9 9 besieg+ a t[n1 :]e !re is no cemet]y1 let him be buri$ :]e he c4 ,b if a m]*antman or pilgrim die by sea1 & any inhabit$ l& be ne>1 let him be buri$ 9 x3 b if no port be ne>1 let him be buri$ 9 "s isl&4 ,if1 h[ev]1 l& _c be se51 let a little h\se ( timb]s 7if !y c be _h7 be made = him1 & let him be ca/ into ! sea4 ,footnote #cgb3 ,sub propriis podiis4 ,= "s acc\nt ( ! curi\s ^w podium1 :5ce pew or pue is d]iv$1 see ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society's ',hi/ory ( ,pews' 7or ! ',supplem5t1' pp4 #f1 #g74 #ad4 ,9 a ,*ri/ian cemet]y none may be buri$ b a baptis$ ,*ri/ian3 nor yet e su* an "o nei!r3 "o1 namely1 sla9 9 ! act ( s91 if x be mortal s91 z if he 7 sla9 9 adult]y1 or !ft1 or "s =bidd5 amusem5t4 ,& also :]e a man is f\nd dead1 !re let him be buri$1 on acc\nt ( ! d\btful cause ( 8 dea?4 #hf ,b if anyone die? sudd5ly 9 games accu/omably us$1 z ! game ( ball1 he may be buri$ 9 ! cemet]y1 because x 0 n 8 desire to injure anyone3 b because he 0 occupi$ 9 worldly matt]s1 "s say t he ought to be buri$ )\t psalms & ! o!r obsequies ( ! dead4 ,b if anyone attack+ ano!r 9 a /rife or tumult die? imp5it5t1 & ha? n s\ght ! prie/1 he ought n1 z "s say1 to be buri$ 9 ! cemet]y3 nor yet he :o ha? committ$ suicide4 ,b if anyone die?1 n f any manife/ cause1 b f ! visitation ( ,god alone1 he c be buri$ 9 a cemet]y4 ,= ! j man1 9 :at h\r soev] he die?1 is sav$4 ,! r if he 7 foll[+ "s lawful occupation4 ,to def5d]s ( ju/ice & ^? :o are engag$ 9 a pi\s fight1 ! cemet]y & ! (fice ( burial are freely conc$$3 yet !y :o come to a viol5t dea? are n borne into ! *ur*1 le/ ! pavem5t be pollut$ ) blood4 ,b if anyone return+ f any place ( =nication be sla9 9 ! way1 or be sla9 any:]e1 :]e by un=ese5 case1 he ha? t>ri$1 he is n to be buri$ 9 ! common cemet]y2 & ?is if x c be prov$1 by evid5ce suffici5t = a c\rt ( law1 t he _h n confess$ aft] ! act ( =nication nor 0 contrite3 o!rwise he ought to be buri$4 #ae4 ,aga91 a woman :o die? 9 *ild-bir? ought n to be c>ri$ into ! *ur*1 z "s say1 b h] obsequies mu/ be said )\t ! *ur*1 to :i* ,i agree n3 o!rwise x w\ld be z if %e di$ 9 fault4 ,:5ce %e may all[ably be borne into ! *ur*4 #af4 ,b /illborn & unbaptis$ *ildr5 are to be buri$ )\t ! cemet]y4 ,"s say1 h[ev]1 t !y %\ld be buri$ ) ! "m z be+ a "p ( h] body4 #ag4 ,a man & wife are to be buri$ 9 ! same sepul*re1 aft] ! example ( ,abraham & ,s>ah 7unless a wi% be specially express$ to ! contr>y74 #hg ,:5ce also ,tobias comm&$ 8 son1 t :5 8 "m _h accompli%$ h] days1 he %\ld bury h] 9 ! same grave ) himself4 ,footnote #cgc ,also ev]yone is to be buri$ 9 ! sepul*re ( 8 fa!rs1 unless f a pr9ciple ( devotion he ha? *os5 ano!r sepul*re4 ,b x 0 decre$ 9 ! ,mogunt9e ,c\ncil1 t !y :o h paid ! extreme p5alty = _! crimes1 if !y h confess$1 or h desir$ to confess & h communicat$1 may be buri$ 9 ! cemet]y1 & ! ,mass & oblations may be (f]$ = !m4 ,h[ ! human body is to be buri$1 %all be said "u ! section ( ! ,(fice = ! ,dead4 ,footnote #cgc3 ,tobit xiv1 #aj #hh ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,( ,,! ,,d$ication ,,( ,a ,,*ur* ,rise ( ! ,d$ication ( ,*ur*es--,by :om ,p]=m$--,p>ticul>s ( ,consecration--,! ,twelve ,crosses--,bann]s--,d$ication--,re-conse cration ,consid]$--,reconciliation--,9 :at ,cases--,( ,sc&als --,reconciliation ( ,cemet]ies4 #a4 ,twice 9 ! =m] "p ( ?is treatise we h describ$ ! mat]ial *ur* & ! alt>2 x foll[e? t we mu/ add some?+ ab\t _! d$ication3 /at+1 ,i4 ,:5ce ! consecration ( *ur*es ha? its orig94 ,,ii4 ,at ^: h&s a *ur* is consecrat$4 ,,iii4 ,= :at reason4 ,,iv4 ,9 :at =m2 & :at is signifi$1 z well by ! d$ication itself1 z by ea* ( ! c]emonies obs]v$ !re94 ,( ! (fices = ! fe/ival ( ! d$ication ( a *ur* we %all speak 9 ! sev5? book4 ,footnote #cgd ,footnote #cgd3 ,app5dix ,h4 #b4 ,we h fir/ to /ate :5ce ! d$ication ( *ur*es ha? _h its rise4 ,^u :i*1 note t "u ! tea*+ ( ! ,"l1 ,moses made ! tab]nacle1 & consecrat$ x toge!r ) its table ( %[-bread1 & alt>1 & braz5 vessels1 & ut5sils = p]=m+ ! div9e wor%ip4 #hi ,& ^! he n only consecrat$ ) pray]s to ,god1 b also ano9t$1 at ! comm& ( ! ,"l1 ) sacr$ oil4 ,= ,footnote #cge we read t ! ,"l taught ,moses to prep>e a *rism1 ) :i* to ano9t ! tab]nacle & ! ark ( ! te/imony at ! "t ( _! d$ication4 ,solomon also ! son ( ,david1 at ! comm& ( ! ,"l1 complet$ ! temple & its alt>1 & consecrat$ :at 0 /ill necess>y = ! p]=mance ( ! div9e wor%ip2 z x is writt5 9 ! ?ird book ( ,k+s4 ,footnote #cgf ,nebu*adnezz> ! k+ also summon$ all 8 satraps1 *ief m51 & gov]nors to ! d$ication ( ! gold5 image :i* he _h made4 ,footnote #cgg ,! ,jews !re=e1 z we read 9 ,bur*>dus1 ,footnote #cgh us$ to h ! places 9 :i* !y sacrific$ to ! ,"l consecrat$ by div9e petitions1 nor us$ !y to (f] gifts to ,god 9 any places b su* z 7 d$icat$ unto ,him4 ,if !n !y :o 7 9 bondage to ! %ad[ ( ! ,law us$ to d ?is1 h[ mu* ! m ought we1 to :om ! tru? ha? be5 made manife/--'grace & tru? came by ,jesus ,*ri/' ,footnote #cgi--to build temples to ! ,"l1 & adorn !m z be/ we may1 & dev\tly & solemnly consecrate 7accord+ to ! in/itution ( ,pope ,felix ,,iii7 ,footnote #chj by div9e pray]s & holy unctions bo? !m & _! alt>s & vessels1 & ve/m5ts also1 & o!r ut5sils = fulfill+ ! div9e s]vice8 ,footnote #cge3 ,exodus xxx1 #bc-cd4 ,footnote #cgf3 ,i ,k+s iii1 #f4 ,footnote #cgg3 ,daniel iii1 #b4 ,footnote #cgh3 ,book iii1 *4 ,i4 ,footnote #cgi3 ,s4 ,john i1 #ag4 ,footnote #chj3 ',! solemnities ( ! consecration ( *ur*es & ( prie/s ought to be celebrat$ ye> by ye>1 aft] ! example ( our ,"l ,himself1 ,:o at ! fea/ ( ! ,d$ication ( ! ,temple did set u a patt]n ( ?is 9 t ,he celebrat$ ?is fe/ival ) ! re/ ( ! p2 z x is writt5 9 ,s4 ,john1 ,& x 0 at ,j]usalem ! fea/ ( ! ,d$ication1 & x 0 w9t]1 & ,jesus walk$ 9 ! ,temple 9 ,solomon's por*4 ,felix ,papa 9 ',epi/4 ad ,episc4 p] div]s1 prov9cias1' cap4 i4 #ij ,aga91 :5 once 9 ,syria1 9 ! city ( ,b>u?1 ! ,jews _h trampl$ und]foot an image ( ! ,crucifi$1 & _h pi]c$ its side1 !re soon came =? !refrom blood & wat]4 ,b ! ,jews m>vell$ at ?is spectacle1 & _! sick :5 ano9t$ ) ?is blood 7 fre$ f all _! infirmities3 by reason ( :i* all1 hav+ receiv$ ! fai? ( ,*ri/1 7 baptis$1 & proce$$ to consecrate _! synagogues into *ur*es4 ,& h5ce ha? gr[n ! cu/om t *ur*es %\ld be consecrat$1 :]eas be=e ?is alt>s alone us$ to be consecrat$4 ,on acc\nt ( ?is miracle also ! ,*ur* orda9$ t a memorial ( ! ,"l's ,passion %\ld be made on ! fif? day be=e ! ,cal5ds ( ,decemb]3 & = ! same reason ! *ur* 0 consecrat$ to ! hon\r ( ! ,savi\r1 9 :i* a vessel conta9+ "s ( ! blood is pres]v$1 & a solemn fe/ival is celebrat$ on t day4 ,footnote #cha ,footnote #cha3 ,! editors h n be5 able to f9d any o!r acc\nt ( ?is leg5d4 #c4 ,secondly1 x is to be not$ t a bi%op alone c d$icate *ur*es & alt>s3 s9ce he be>e? ! image & figure ( ! ,*ief ,bi%op1 ,*ri/1 d$icat+ spiritually1 )\t ,:om we c d no?+ /able 9 ! ,*ur*3 :5ce ,he ha? ,himself said1 ',)\t ,me ye c d no?+'2 ,footnote #chb & ! ,psalm sai?1 ',unless ! ,"l build ! h\se _! lab\r is b lo/ t build x3 ,footnote #chc h5ce ! ,c\ncil ( ,c>?age prohibite? a prie/ f do+ ?is1 nor c ?is (fice be deput$ to anyone ( an inf]ior ord]4 ,footnote #chb3 ,s4 ,john xvii1 #e4 ,footnote #chc3 ,psalm cxxvii 7,nisi ,dom9us71 ,i4 #d4 ,fur!r1 z ! ,sacr$ ,canons in/ruct u1 a *ur* mu/ n be d$icat$1 unless x be fir/ end[$1 & t f goods lawfully acquir$4 ,= we read h[ :5 a c]ta9 bi%op 0 consecrat+ a *ur* built out ( ! fruits ( usury & pillage1 he saw beh9d ! alt> ! devil 9 a pontifical ve/m5t1 /&+ 9 ! bi%op's ?rone3 :o said unto ! bi%op1 ,cease f #ia consecrat+ ! *ur*3 = x p]ta9e? to my jurisdiction1 s9ce x is built f ! fruits ( usuries & robb]ies4 ,!n ! bi%op & ! cl]gy hav+ fl$ !nce 9 fe>1 imm$iately ! devil de/roy$ t *ur*1 ) a great noise4 #e4 ,aga91 a *ur* :i* ha? be5 erect$ f ! pr(it ( av>ice mu/ n be consecrat$2 nor "o = :i* a suffici5t end[m5t ha? n be5 assign$2 nor "o 9 :i* a paynim or an infidel ha? be5 buri$1 until he %all h be5 ca/ =? !nce1 & ! *ur* reconcil$1 ! walls & timb]s hav+ be5 fir/ scrap$4 ,! case is ! same also ) respect to an excommunicate p]son4 ,b if a woman ) *ild be buri$ !re1 ?\gh %e be n remov$1 ! *ur* may be consecrat$1 ev5 if ! *ild ha? n be5 baptis$4 ,al?\gh c]ta9 le>n$ au?ors h writt5 o!rwise ! *ur* may also be consecrat$ on ord9>y days z well z on ,sundays3 & m bi%ops ?an "o & m alt>s ?an "o may be consecrat$ at ! same "t by ! same p]son 9 "o *ur*4 #f4 ,?irdly1 we h to say = :at reason a *ur* is d$icat$3 & inde$ !re be five reasons4 ,fir/1 t ! devil & 8 p[] may be entirely expell$ f x4 ,gregory relate? 9 a dialogue1 9 8 ?ird book1 t :5 a c]ta9 *ur* ( ! ,arians hav+ be5 re/or$ to ! ,or?odox 0 be+ consecrat$1 & relics ( ,s4 ,seba/ian & ! ,bless$ ,aga?a _h be5 convey$ ?i!r1 ! p !re assembl$ ( a sudd5 p]ceiv$ a sw9e to be runn+ to & fro among _! feet2 ! :i* rega9+ ! doors ( ! *ur* c\ld be se5 ( none1 & mov$ all to m>vel4 ,:i* sign ! ,"l %[$ = ?is cause1 t x might be manife/ to all t ! unclean inhabitant _h gone =? f t place4 #ib ,b 9 ! foll[+ night a great noise 0 made on ! ro( ( ! same *ur*1 z if someone 7 runn+ confus$ly ab\t ^u x4 ,! second night ! upro> 0 mu* great]4 ,on ! ?ird night also s va/ a noise 0 he>d z if ! :ole *ur* _h be5 ov]?r[n f its f\ndations3 b x imm$iately ceas$ & no fur!r inquietude ( ! old enemy ha? appe>$ 9 x4 ,secondly1 t ^? :o fly = refuge to x may be sav$1 z we read 9 ! ,canons ( ,gregory4 ,& ) ?is view ,joab fl$ into ! tab]nacle & laid hold ( ! horns ( ! alt>4 ,?irdly1 t pray]s may be he>d !re4 ,:5ce 9 ! pray] ( ! ,mass ( ,d$ication x is said1 ',grant t all :o %all meet toge!r "h to pray may obta91 :atsoev] be _! trials1 ! b5efits ( ! consolation4' ,?us also ,solomon pray$ at ! d$ication ( ! ,temple1 z we read 9 ! eigh? *apt] ( ! ?ird book ( ,k+s4 ,footnote #chd ,f\r?ly1 t praises may !re be (f]$ to ,god1 z has be5 already m5tion$ "u ! head ( ! ,*ur*4 ,fif?ly1 t !re ! sacram5ts ( ! ,*ur* may be adm9i/]$4 ,f :i* ! *ur* itself is call$ a tab]nacle1 z x 7 ! ho/elrie ( ,god1 9 :i* ! div9e sacram5ts be conta9$ & adm9/]$4 ,footnote #che ,footnote #chd3 ,i ,k+s viii1 #cj4 ,footnote #che3 ,see *apt] i1 #d4 #g4 ,f\r?ly1 we h to speak ( ! mann] 9 :i* a *ur* is consecrat$4 ,all be+ exclud$ f ! *ur*1 a s+le deacon rema9+ %ut up )91 ! bi%op ) 8 cl]gy be=e ! doors ( ! *ur* proce$e? to bless wat] mix$ ) salt4 ,9 ! mean:ile )9 ! build+ twelve lamps be burn+ be=e twelve crosses :i* be depict$ on ! walls ( ! *ur*4 ,next1 ! bi%op1 ! cl]gy & p foll[+ him & p]=m+ ! circuit ( ! *ur*1 spr9kle? f a rod ( hyssop ! ext]nal walls ) #ic holy wat]2 & z he arrive? ea* "t at ! door ( ! *ur* he /rike? ! ?re%old ) 8 pa/oral /aff1 say+1 ',lift up y\r heads1 ,o ye gates1' etc4 ,! deacon f )9 answ]e?1 ',:o is ! ,k+ ( ,glory8' ,to :om ! ,pontiff1 ',! ,"l ( ,ho/s1' etc4 ,b ! ?ird "t1 ! door be+ ?r[n op51 ! bi%op ent]e? ! *ur* ) a few ( 8 att5dants1 ! cl]gy & p rema9+ )\t1 & sai?1 ',peace be to ?is h\se'2 & !n ! ,litanies4 ,next on ! pavem5t ( ! *ur*1 let a cross be made ( a%es & s&2 ^u :i* ! :ole alphabet is describ$ 9 ,greek & ,lat9 *>act]s4 ,footnote #chf ,& !n he sanctifie? m wat] ) salt & a%es & w9e1 & consecrate? ! alt>4 ,la/ly1 he ano9te? ) *rism ! twelve crosses depict$ on ! wall4 ,footnote #chf3 ,see ! ,app5dix on ! ',d$ication ( a ,*ur*' #h4 ,9 good tru? :atsoev] ?+s be "h done visibly1 ,god by ,8 invisible p[] worke? ! same 9 ! s\l :i* is ! temple ( ! true ,god3 9 :i* ,fai? laye? ! f\ndation1 ,hope builde? up1 & ,*>ity p]fecte?4 ,= ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* h]self1 made "o out ( _m liv+ /ones1 is ! ,temple ( ,god1 because _m temples make "o temple1 ( :i* ! true ,god is "o1 & ! ,fai? "o4 ,! h\se1 !re=e1 mu/ be d$icat$2 ! s\l sanctifi$4 #i4 ,& x is to be obs]v$ t consecration effecte? two ?+s2 = x appropriate? ! mat]ial *ur* itself to ,god1 & do? ins9uate our own betro?al1 z well namely ( ! *ur* z ( ! fai?ful s\l4 ,= a h\se n consecrat$ is z a damsel design$ = "s man1 b n furni%$ ) d[ry or unit$ 9 ! comm]ce ( w$lock4 ,b 9 consecration x is end[$1 & passe? into ! prop] sp\se ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :i* fur!r to violate is sacrilege4 ,= x cease? to be ! resort ( demons1 z is evid5t 9 ! consecration ( t temple1 :i* us$ =m]ly to be call$ ! ,pan!on1 or place ( all demons4 ,footnote #chg ,footnote #chg3 ',pope ,boniface ! ,f\r? did consecrate to ! mo/ ,bless$ ,virg9 & ,all ,sa9ts ! fam\s monum5t ( ,agrippa1 ! ,pan!on1 hav+ purifi$ x f ! base h]d ( va9 gods4' ,ciamp9i ,,iv1 vi1 #ee4 ,?is is n[ call$ ,santa ,m>ia ,rotonda4 ,do>d4 #id #aj4 ,fir/1 h[ev]1 we h to speak ( ! b5$iction ( wat]1 conc]n+ :i* ! ,"l sai?1 ',unless a man be born aga9 ( wat] & ( ! ,_s1 he _c ent] ! ,k+dom ( ,heav54' ,footnote #chh ,= wat] :i* is design$ = wa%+ ! body1 ha? m]it$ to receive f ,god s great a virtue1 t z x wa%e? ! body f impurities1 s also x %\ld cleanse ! s\l f s9s4 ,x is manife/ inde$ t ?is wat]1 by ! asp]sion ( :i* a *ur* is consecrat$1 signifie? baptism1 because 9 "s sort ! *ur* itself is baptis$2 & ! *ur* itself assur$ly d5ote? t ,*ur* :i* is conta9$ 9 x1 namely1 ! multitude ( ! fai?ful4 ,:5ce also x is call$ a *ur* because x conta9s ! ,*ur*2 ! ?+ conta9+1 namely1 = ! ?+ conta9$4 ,footnote #chh3 ,s4 ,john iii1 #e4 #aa4 ,b we mu/ inquire :]e=e salt is to be mix$ ) ?is wat]1 s9ce our ,savi\r1 speak+ ( baptism1 made no m5tion ( salt4 ,= ,he sai? n 'unless a man be born aga9 ( salt wat] or wat] mix$ ) salt1' or any?+ ( ?is sort3 b ,he said 'unless a man be born aga9 ( wat] & ( ! ,holy ,_s1' etc4 ,& ! v same inquiry may be made conc]n+ oil & *rism4 ,b we mu/ note t salt 9 ! div9e language is (t5 put = wisdom2 accord+ to t say+1 ',let y\r spee* be sav\r$ ) salt' ,& ! ,"l sai? to ,8 disciples1 ',h salt 9 y\rselves & h peace "o ) ano!r4' ,footnote #chi ,& aga91 ',ye are ! salt ( ! e>?2 b if ! salt h lo/ its sav\r :]e)al %all x be salt$8' ,footnote #cij ,h5ce also x is t #ie accord+ to ! law no victim 0 (f]$ )\t salt1 b salt 0 a "p ( e sacrifice4 ,f all :i* passages x is cle>ly %[n t salt is put = wisdom4 ,& wisdom inde$ is ! season+ ( all virtues1 z salt is ( all meats4 ,h5ce !re=e x is t no "o is baptis$ be=e he ha? ta/$ salt2 & 9 ord] t ev5 infants may h by ! symbolical mean+ ( ! sacram5t t :i* !y _c h 9 fact1 ! wat] is n bless$ )\t a mixture ( salt4 ,( ! second b5$iction ( wat] we %all speak 9 ! foll[+ treatise4 ,footnote #chi3 ,s4 ,m>k ix1 #ej4 ,footnote #cij3 ,s4 ,m>k v1 #ac4 #ab4 ,aga91 ! tr9e asp]sion )9 & )\t ) hyssop & holy wat] signifie? ! ?reefold imm]sion 9 baptism4 ,& x is done = ?ree reasons4 ,fir/1 to drive away evil spirits4 ,= holy wat] availe? f its own prop] virtue to drive away demons4 ,:5ce 9 ! ,(fice = ,exorcis+ ! ,wat] we say--'t ?is wat] may become exorcis$ 9 ord] to put to flight all ! p[] ( ! enemy1 & may avail to eradicate ! enemy himself1' etc4 ,secondly1 = ! cleans+ & expiation ( ! *ur* itself4 ,= all e>?ly ?+s be corrupt$ & defil$ by reason ( s94 ,h5ce x is also t 9 ! ,law almo/ ev]y?+ 0 cleans$ by wat]4 ,?irdly1 to remove all mal$iction1 & to br+ 9 a bless+ in/ead4 ,= ! e>? f ! beg9n+ receiv$ ! curse ) all its fruits1 because t ! great deceit 0 made out ( its fruit4 ,b wat] ha? n be5 "u any curse4 ,h5ce x is t our ,"l ate fi%1 b we d n read expressly t he ate fle%1 unless ( ! ,pas*al ,lamb2 & ?is on acc\nt ( ! precept ( ! ,law1 z an example1 namely1 sometimes to ab/a9 f lawful ?+s1 sometimes to eat ! same4 ,aga91 ! asp]sion 9 go+ ! circuit signifie? t ! ,"l hav+ a c>e ( ,8 own1 s5de? ,8 angel r\nd ab\t !m t fe> ,him4 #if #ac4 ,b ! ?ree responses :i* be *ant$ 9 ! meantime te/ify ! joy ( ! ?ree ages ( m5 receiv+ ! fai?1 namely1 ,noah1 ,daniel1 & ,job4 ,& s9ce at ?is invocation ! grace ( ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,*>ity1 is p\r$ out z ! spr9kl+ is direct$ to ! foot & middle "p1 z well z to ! upp] "p ( ! walls4 ,we w n[ also speak ( ! int]ior asp]sion4 7,( ! virtue ( ! hyssop1 we w speak "u ! next head47 #ad4 ,b ! tr9e circuit1 :i* ! bi%op make? :ile spr9kl+1 d5ote? ! ?rice-repeat$ circuit :i* ,*ri/ made = ! sanctification ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! fir/ 0 t by :i* ,he came d[n f heav5 to ! _w3 ! second 9 :i* ,he desc5d$ into hell f ! _w3 ! ?ird 9 :i* return+ f hell & ris+ aga9 ,he asc5d$ into heav54 ,! tr9e circuit also %[e? t t *ur* is d$icat$ to ! hon\r ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,x %[e? also ! ?ree /ates ( su* z %all be sav$ 9 ! ,*ur*1 :i* be ! virg9s1 ! cont95t1 ! m>ri$3 :i* also ! arrangem5t ( ! mat]ial *ur* itself %[e?1 z ha? be5 said "u ! head ( ! ,*ur*4 #ae4 ,moreov]1 ! tr9e /rik+ on ! l9tel ( ! door signifie? ! ?reefold "r :i* ,*ri/ ha? 9 ,8 ,*ur* :y x ought to be op5$ unto ,him4 ,= x ha? f ,him ,creation1 ,r$emption1 & promise ( ,glorification4 ,= ! bi%op repres5te? ,*ri/1 & ! rod ,8 p[]4 ,aga91 by ! triple /rik+ ( ! door ) ! pa/oral /aff1 ! prea*+ ( ! ,gospel is und]/ood4 ,= :at else is ! pa/oral rod ?an ! div9e ,^w8 ,accord+ to t ( ,esaias1 ',he %all smite ! e>? ) ! rod1' i4e4 ! ^w1 '( ,8 m\?1' etc4 ,footnote #cia ,:]e=e to /rike ! door ) ! rod is to /rike ! e>s ( ! he>]s by ! ^w ( prea*+4 #ig ,= ! e>s are ! gates by :i* we br+ 9 ! words ( holy prea*+s to ! he>ts ( ! he>]s4 ,:5ce 9 ! ,psalm1 ',:o lifte/ me up f ! gates ( dea? t ,i may %[ all ,?y praises )9 ! ports ( ! daught] ( ,sion4' ,footnote #cib ,= :at are ! gates ( ! daught] ( ,sion b ! e>s & he>+ ( ! fai?ful8 ,?irdly1 ! tr9e /rik+ ) ! /aff1 & ! op5+ ( ! gates1 signifie? t by ! prea*+ ( ! pa/ors ! unbeliev+ %all come to ! agreem5t ( ! ,fai?4 ,= by x ! gates ( ju/ice be op5$1 & !y t ent] !re9 d confess ! fai?4 ,:5ce ! ,psalm1 ',op5 unto me ! gates ( righte\sness3 ,i w g into !m & ,i w praise ! ,"l3 ?is is ! gate ( ! ,"l1 ! righte\s %all ent] into x4' ,footnote #cic ,:]e=e ! bi%op /rike? ! l9tel1 namely1 ( reason1 say+1 ',lift up y\r heads1 ye pr9ces1' t is1 ye evil spirits3 or r1 ',lift up1 ye m51' t is1 remove ! gates1 t is1 y\r ignorances1 namely1 f y\r he>ts4 ,footnote #cid ,footnote #cia3 ,isaiah xi1 #d4 ,footnote #cib3 ,ps4 ix 7,confitebor tibi71 #ac1 #ad4 ,footnote #cic3 ,ps4 cxviii 7,confitem9i ,dom9o71 #ai1 #bj4 ,footnote #cid3 ,ps4 xxiv 7,dom9i e/ t]ra71 ',attollite portas pr9cipes ve/ras4' #af4 ,aga91 ! "q ( ! deacon %ut up )9 answ]+ 9 ! "* ( ! p1 ',:o is ! ,k+ ( glory8' is ! ignorance ( ! p :i* kn[e? n ,:o ,he is ,:o ought to ent]4 #ag4 ,! op5+ ( ! doors is ! ejection ( s94 ,rightly1 !re=e1 do? ! bi%op /rike ?ree times1 because t numb] is mo/ kn[n & mo/ sacr$2 & 9 any consecration ! bi%op ought to smite ! doors ?ree times1 because )\t ! invocation ( ! ,tr9ity1 !re c be no sacram5t 9 ! ,*ur*4 #ah4 ,! ?reefold proclamation1 ',lift up y\r heads1' etc41 signifie? ! ?reefold p[] ( ,*ri/1 t1 namely1 :i* ,he ha? 9 heav51 & 9 ! e>?1 & 9 hell4 ,:5ce x is said 9 ! hymn = ! ,asc5sion1 ',t ! ?reefold frame ( ?+s1 :e!r heav5ly1 e>?ly1 or inf]nal1 may b[ ! head1 hav+ be5 subdu$4 ,footnote #cie ,footnote #cie3 ,?is hymn1 by ,s4 ,gregory1 is us$ 9 ! (fice ( mat9s 9 ! ,roman ,brevi>y4 #ih #ai4 ,next ! bi%op ent]e? by ! op5 door to d5ote t if he duly ex]cise 8 (fice1 no?+ c resi/ him2 accord+ to t say+1 ',"l1 :o %all resi/ ,?y p[]8' ,& he ent]e?1 accompani$ by two or ?ree1 t 9 ! m\? ( two or ?ree witnesses e ^w ( ! consecration may /& sure4 ,or else because ! ,"l 9 ,8 ,transfiguration1 9 ! pres5ce ( a few1 pray$ = ! ,*ur*4 ,& ! bi%op z he ent]e? sai?1 ',peace be to ?is h\se & to all !m t dwell !re9'2 because ,*ri/ ent]+ ! _w made peace betwe5 ,god & man2 = ,he came t ,he might reconcile u to ,god ! ,fa!r4 #bj4 ,aft] ?is :ile ! ,litany is be+ said ! bi%op pro/rate? himself & praye? = ! sanctification ( ! h\se4 ,= ,*ri/ also humbl+ ,himself be=e ,8 ,passion pray$ = ,8 disciples & '!m t %\ld believe ?r\gh ,8 ^w1' say+1 ',fa!r1 sanctify !m 9 ,?y "n4' ,footnote #cif ,b aft] he ha? ris5 up he praye? )\t b5$iction1 s9ce he sai? n ',! ,"l be ) y'2 because ! ,*ur* is n yet z x 7 baptis$1 & because ,cate*um5s only are n wor?y t ?is m>k ( approval %\ld be giv5 to !m1 s9ce !y are n yet sanctifi$3 b nev]!less pray] is to be made = !m4 ,footnote #cif3 ,s4 ,john xvii4 #ba4 ,! cl]gy pray+ & *ant+ ! ,litany repres5te? ! ,apo/les :o int]c$e ) ,god = ! sanctification ( ! ,*ur* & ( s\ls4 #ii ,! alphabet is writt5 on ! pavem5t ( ! *ur* 9 ?is mann]4 ,a cross made ) a%es & s& is describ$ a?w>t ! *ur*1 ^u :i* cross ( du/ ! alphabet is writt5 9 ! %ape ( a cross 9 lett]s ( ,greek & ,lat91 b n ( ,hebrew1 because ! ,jews h dep>t$ f ! fai?2 & x is writt5 ) ! pa/oral /aff4 #bb4 ,?is alphabet writt5 ^u ! cross repres5te? ?ree ?+s4 ,fir/1 ! writ+ made 9 ,greek & ,lat9 *>act]s 9 ! %ape ( a cross repres5te? ! conjunction or union 9 fai? ( bo? p1 namely1 ! ,jews & ! ,greeks1 :i* is made ?r\gh ! ,cross ( ,*ri/3 accord+ to ! say+ t ,jacob bless$ 8 sons ) 8 h&s cross$4 ,b ! cross itself or ! leg5d t is describ$ 9 a direction a?w>t ! *ur*1 namely1 ! "o arm f ! left corn] ( ! ea/ to ! "r ( ! we/1 & ! o!r f ! "r ( ! ea/ to ! left ( ! we/1 ,footnote #cig signifie? t t p1 :i* 0 be=e on ! "r is n[ made on ! left1 & t :i* 0 fir/ is n[ made la/1 & ! conv]se3 & ?is ow+ to ! p[] ( ! ,cross4 ,= ,*ri/ pass+ f ! ea/1 left ! ,jews on ,8 left h&1 because !y 7 unbeliev+1 & came to ! ,g5tiles1 to :om1 ?\gh !y _h be5 9 ! we/1 ,he grants to be on ! "r h&3 & at l5g? return+ f ! ,g5tiles1 :o are situat$ at ! "r h& ( ! ea/1 ,he visit$ ! ,jews 9 ! left corn] ( ! we/2 :o x is evid5t are worse ?an ,he be=e f\nd ! ,g5tiles4 ,b on ?is acc\nt ! *>act]s are writt5 obliquely & 9 ! %ape ( a cross1 & n 9 a /raight l9e1 because su* an "o z do? n receive ! my/]y ( ! ,cross & do? n believe t he mu/ be sav$ by ! ,passion ( ,*ri/1 is n able to atta9 to ?is holy wisdom4 ,wisdom w n ent] into ! evil-dispos$ m9d1 & :]e ,*ri/ is n ! f\ndation1 no edifice c be built ^u x4 ,footnote #cig3 ,we und]/& ?is to mean t ! cross describ$ 9 ! *ur* is a saltire1 or ,s4 ,&rew's ,cross1 & n a pla9 "o4 ,^u ?is aga9 consult ! ,app5dix4 #ajj #bc4 ,secondly1 ! writ+ ( ! alphabet repres5te? ! page ( bo? ,te/am5ts1 because !y be fulfill$ by ! ,cross ( ,*ri/4 ,= ! veil ( ! temple 0 r5t asund] at ,8 ,passion1 because !n ! ,scriptures 7 op5$1 & ! ,holy ( ,holies reveal$4 ,:5ce ,he ,himself said :5 dy+1 ',x ,,is ,,f9i%$4' ,9 ^! few lett]s also all k is conta9$2 & ! alphabet is writt5 crosswise1 because "o ,te/am5t is conta9$ 9 ! o!r4 ,= !re 0 a :eel )9 a :eel4 #bd4 ,?irdly1 x repres5te? ! articles ( fai?2 = ! pavem5t ( ! *ur* is ! f\ndation ( our fai?4 ,! elem5ts writt5 !reon1 are ! articles ( fai?1 9 :i* ignorant m5 & neophytes f bo? peoples be in/ruct$ 9 ! ,*ur*2 :o inde$ ought to e/eem !mselves du/ & a%es4 ,j z ,abraham sai? 9 ! xviii *apt] ( ,g5esis1 ',%all ,i speak to my ,"l1 :o am b du/ & a%es8' ,:]e=e ! writ+ ( ! alphabet on ! pavem5t is ! simple tea*+ ( fai? 9 ! human he>t4 #be4 ,! sambuca or /aff1 ) :i* ! alphabet is writt51 %[e? ! doctr9e ( ! apo/les1 or ! my/]y ( ! tea*]s1 by :i* ! conv]sion ( ! ,g5tiles ha? be5 effect$1 & ! p]fidy ( ! ,jews4 ,aft]w>ds approa*+ ! alt> ! bi%op /&e?1 & beg9ne? by say+1 ',o ,god1 make spe$ to save u2' because he is !n beg9n+ ! pr9cipal "p ( (fice4 ,& ! v]sicle1 ',glory be to ! ,fa!r1' etc41 is !n said4 #bf4 ,because ?is b5$iction is us$ to set =? ! glory ( ! ,tr9ity1 ,alleluia is n !n utt]$1 z w be set =? 9 ! next *apt]4 ,!n ! bi%op consecrate? ! alt>1 = :i* he blesse? o!r wat]1 z #aja %all also be decl>$ 9 ! next *apt]4 ,) :i* wat] also1 aft] t ! alt> ha? be5 spr9kl$ sev5 times1 ! :ole int]ior ( ! *ur* is spr9kl$ ?ree times1 z at fir/ )\t any di/9ction betwe5 great] & small] /ones1 s9ce '!re is no respect ( p]sons ) ,god4' ,= ?is reason is ! int]ior spr9kl$1 to signify t an ext]nal ablution pr(ite? no?+ )\t an int]nal *>ity4 ,& = ?is reason ?ree times1 because1 z ha? be5 premis$1 t asp]sion signifie? ! asp]sion & cleans+ ( baptism1 :i* is conf]r$ ?r\gh ! invocation ( ! ,tr9ity1 accord+ to ! say+1 ',g ye & tea* all nations1 baptis+ !m 9 ! "n ( ! ,fa!r1 & ( ! ,son1 & ( ! ,holy ,gho/3' ,footnote #cih = s9ce a *ur* _c be imm]s$ 9 wat] z a man 9 baptism is imm]s$1 x is on ?is acc\nt spr9kl$ ?ree times ) wat]1 z if 9 ! place ( a ?reefold imm]sion4 ,footnote #cih3 ,s4 ,matt1 xxviii1 #ai4 #bg4 ,aga91 ! bi%op p]=me? ! asp]sion proce$+ f ! ea/ to ! we/ & once ?r\gh ! middle 9 ! =m ( ! cross2 because ,*ri/ gave in/ructions to baptise ! :ole ( ,judea & all nations 9 ! "n ( ! ,tr9ity1 to :i* baptism ,he gave efficacy 9 ! m9i/ry ( ,8 ,passion1 beg9n+ f ! ,jews1 f :om ,he _h ,8 bir?4 ,& :at rema9s ( ! wat] is p\r$ away at ! foot ( ! alt>1 z %all be m5tion$ 9 ! next *apt]4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 d n bless any fre% wat]1 b p]=m ! :ole (fice ) t :i* 0 bless$ at fir/4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 h[ev]1 ! *oir is *ant+ ! ,psalm ,exsurgat ,deus 7'let ,god arise & let ,8 enemies be scatt]$1' etc471 & ! ,qui habitat 7':oso dwelle?1' etc471 9 :i* m5tion is made ( ! *ur* & its consecration1 z is pla9 9 t v]se1 ',he is ! ,god #ajb t make? 'm5 to be ( "o m9d 9 an h\se4' ,footnote #cii ,b ! bi%op sai?1 ',my h\se %all be call$ an h\se ( pray]1' because x is 8 duty to cause t ! *ur* %\ld be a h\se ( ,god1 n ( m]*&ise4 ,footnote #cii3 ,psalm lxviii 7,exsurgat ,deus71 v1 #e4 #bh4 ,next1 :5 ! alt> ha? be5 ano9t$ ) *rism1 ! twelve crosses pa9t$ on ! walls ( ! *ur* are also ano9t$4 ,b ! crosses !mselves be pa9t$2 fir/1 z a t]ror to evil spirits1 t !y1 hav+ be5 driv5 =? !nce1 may be t]rifi$ :5 !y see ! sign ( ! cross1 & may n presume to ent] !re9 aga92 secondly1 z a m>k ( triumph4 ,= crosses be ! bann]s ( ,*ri/1 & ! signs ( 8 triumph4 ,footnote #djj ,crosses !re=e are ) reason pa9t$ !re t x may be made manife/ t t place ha? be5 subdu$ to ! dom9ion ( ,*ri/4 ,footnote #djj3 ,comp>e ! hymn1 ,vexilla ,regis prodeunt4 #bi4 ,= ev5 9 ! pomp ( an e>?ly sov]eign x is cu/om>y :5 any city ha? be5 yield$1 = ! imp]ial /&>d to be set up )9 x4 ,& to repres5t ! same ?+1 ,jacob is said to h set up ! /one1 :i* he _h plac$ "u 8 head1 z a hi/orical1 traditional1 & triumphal monum5t4 ,footnote #dja ,footnote #dja3 ,g5esis xxviii4 #cj4 ,?irdly1 t su* z look on !m may call to m9d ! ,passion ( ,*ri/1 by :i* he ha? consecrat$ ,8 ,*ur*1 & _! belief 9 ,8 ,passion4 ,:5ce x is said 9 ! ,canticles1 'place me z a signet ^u ?y arm1' etc4 ,footnote #djb ,! twelve lights plac$ be=e ^! crosses signify ! twelve ,apo/les :o h illum9$ ! :ole _w by ! fai? ( ! ,crucifi$1 & ^: tea*+ ha? disp]s$ ! d>kness3 :5ce ,b]n>d sai?1 ',all prophecy is v]ifi$ 9 ! fai? ( ! crucifi$ ,"o2' & ! ,apo/le1 ',i det]m9$ n to "k any?+ among y except ,jesus ,*ri/ & ,him crucifi$4' ,footnote #djc #ajc ,:]e=e ! crosses on ! f\r walls ( ! *ur* are light$ up & ano9t$ ) *rism1 because ! apo/les prea*+ ! my/]y ( ! cross h by ! fai? ( ,*ri/ illum9$ ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! e>? unto k1 h light$ !m up unto love1 h ano9t$ !m unto purity ( consci5ce--:i* is signifi$ by ! oil2 & unto ! sav\r ( a good reputation--:i* is signifi$ by ! balsam4 ,9 addition to ?is1 aft] ! ano9t+ ( ! alt>1 ! alt> itself & ! *ur* are ornam5t$2 ! lamps light$ up2 a ,mass is said1 9 :i* ! prie/ use? diff]5t ve/m5ts f ^? :i* he ha? us$ 9 ! asp]sion1 z %all be expla9$ 9 ! sequel4 ,footnote #djb3 ,cant1 viii1 #f4 ,footnote #djc3 ,i ,cor1 ii1 #b4 #ca4 ,la/ly1 x is to be not$ t a *ur* is said to be consecrat$ 9 ! blood ( someone2 :5ce1 accord+ to ,pelagius & ,pope ,ni*olas1 ! ,roman ,*ur* 0 consecrat$ 9 ! m>tyrdom ( ! ,apo/les1 ,pet] & ,paul4 ,footnote #djd ,a *ur* !re=e is consecrat$ 9 ! way j describ$2 & an alt>1 z w be set =? 9 ! next *apt]2 & a cemet]y & o!r ?+s1 z is decl>$ "u ! head ( its consecration4 ,& al?\gh we read 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t t ! ,temple 0 consecrat$ ?ree times3 fir/1 9 ! mon? ( ,septemb]2 secondly1 9 ,m>* "u ,d>ius2 ?irdly1 9 ,decemb] by ,judas ,maccabaeus4 ,footnote #djd3 ,?is passage is obscure4 ,a confession or m>tyrium 0 built ov] ! place ( ,s4 ,pet]'s m>tyrdom 9 ! e>lie/ times1 & is n[ cov]$ by ! ,vatican4 ,see ,ciamp9i de ,vaticana ,basilica4 ,! expression probably means1 9 hon\r ( ! m>tyrdom4 #cb4 ,yet a *ur* once consecrat$1 is n to be consecrat$ aga9 unless x %all h be5 pr(an$1 :i* happ5e? 9 ?ree ways4 ,fir/1 if x ha? be5 burnt s z t all ! walls or ! great] "p ( !m be de/roy$4 ,b if only ! ro( or "s "p ( x ha? be5 burnt1 ! walls rema9+ entire1 or at lea/ only #ajd p>tially de/roy$1 x ne$ n be reconsecrat$4 ,secondly1 if ! :ole *ur* or ! great] "p ( x ha? fall5 to ! gr\nd at ! same "t1 & ha? be5 repair$ entirely or n ) ! orig9al /ones4 ,= ! consecration ( a *ur* consi/e? ma9ly 9 ! ext]ior ano9t+s1 & 9 ! conjunction & arrangem5t ( ! /ones4 ,if1 h[ev]1 all ! walls %all h fall5 91 n at ! same "t1 b 9 succession1 & %all h be5 repair$1 ! *ur* is to be consid]$ ! same4 ,& s x ne$ n be reconsecrat$1 b only exorcis$ ) wat] & reconcil$ by ! solemnisation ( a ,mass3 h[ev]1 "s le>n$ au?ors h said t x ought to be reconsecrat$4 ,?irdly1 a *ur* mu/ be reconsecrat$1 if x be d\btful :e!r x ev] ha? be5 consecrat$1 %\ld !re rema9 no writ+ or pa9t+ or inscription to t effect1 nor ev5 a s+le eye-witness1 nor yet an e>-witness1 :o 7z "s say7 w\ld be suffici5t4 #cc4 ,an alt> also :i* ha? be5 once consecrat$ mu/ n be consecrat$ aga9 unless x %\ld happ5 t x become pr(an$4 ,:i* take? place fir/ if ! table1 t is ! upp] surface on :i* ! pr9cipal "p ( ! consecration is be/[$1 be mov$ or *ang$ 9 its =m1 or brok5 beyond measure1 = in/ance above a half4 ,h[ev]1 a disproportion ( ?is sort may rightly be ref]r$ to ! decision ( ! bi%op4 ,! same also is especially ! case1 if ! :ole /ructure ( ! alt> ha? be5 mov$ & repair$4 ,nev]!less1 ! *ur* is n to be reconsecrat$ on acc\nt ( ei!r ! movem5t or ! break+ ( ! /ructure ( ! alt>3 because ! consecration ( an alt> & ( a *ur* be two diff]5t ?+s4 ,s conv]sely if :5 ! *ur* is entirely de/roy$ ! alt> be n injur$1 ! *ur* only is to be repair$1 & ! alt> n reconsecrat$ al?\gh 9 su* case x is fitt+ t x be wa%$ ) exorcis$ wat]4 #aje #cd4 ,fur!r1 :5 ! *ief alt> ha? be5 consecrat$ ! inf]ior alt>s are n ! less to be consecrat$3 al?\gh "s h said t x is suffici5t = ! re/ to be po9t$ out ) ! f+] :ile ! =m] is "u consecration4 #ce4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! alt> ha? suff]$ a trifl+ injury1 x is n on ?is acc\nt to be reconsecrat$4 ,secondly1 an alt> is reconsecrat$1 if ! seal ( ! alt>--t is ! little /one by :i* ! sepul*re or cavity 9 :i* ! relics be deposit$ is clos$ or seal$--be mov$ or brok54 ,& ! cavity itself is made sometimes on ! top "p ( ! block1 & sometimes no o!r seal is put ov] x1 b ! table1 be+ plac$ ov] x1 is consid]$ z ! seal4 ,b sometimes x is plac$ 9 ! h9d] "p1 & sometimes 9 ! front3 & 9 ! same cavity ! bi%op's lett]s ( consecration be g5]ally c>efully deposit$ 9 te/imony ( ! consecration3 conta9+ 8 own "n & t ( ! o!r bi%ops pres5t at ! consecration3 & decl>+ 9 hon\r ( :at sa9t ! alt> is consecrat$1 & also ! *ur* itself1 :5 bo? be consecrat$ at ! same "t1 & ! ye> also & day ( consecration4 ,?irdly1 an alt> is reconsecrat$1 if ! junction ( ! seal to ! cavity1 or ( ! table to ! block1 :]e !re is no o!r seal ?an ?is slab1 be di/urb$2 or if any ( ! /ones ( ! junction or ! block1 :i* t\*e? ei!r ! table or ! seal1 be ei!r di/urb$ or brok54 ,= 9 ! conjunction ( ! seal & cavity1 & ( ! table & block or inf]ior /ructure1 ! consecration is mo/ especially p]ceiv$4 #ajf ,f\r?ly1 an alt> is reconsecrat$1 if to x or to ! conjunction ( ! table ) ! "u /ructure s great an enl>gem5t be made z t x lose? its orig9al =m1 s9ce ! =m give? ! exi/5ce to ! ?+4 ,yet x do? n become pr(an$ on acc\nt ( a trifl+ enl>gem5t3 b 9 t case ! sacr$ "p drawe? ov] to itself ! "p n sanctifi$3 s long z ! conjunction ( ! top slab & "u /ructure be n greatly *ang$4 ,fif?ly1 an alt>1 j z a *ur*1 is reconsecrat$ 9 cases ( d\bt4 ,six?ly1 a travell+ alt>1 if ! /one be remov$ f ! wood 9 :i* x is ins]t$1 :i* 9 "s sort repres5te? its seal1 & be replac$ aga9 9 ! same or 9 o!r wood1 "s ?9k %\ld be reconsecrat$1 b o!rs only reconcil$4 ,b al?\gh x be (t5 by ! comm& ( ! bi%op transf]r$ f place to place1 & c>ri$ on a j\rney 7on :i* acc\nt x is call$ a portable or a travell+ alt>7 yet x is n reconsecrat$ 9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 nor yet reconcil$4 #cf4 ,b if a consecrat$ *alice be regilt1 is x !re=e to be reconsecrat$8 ,x seeme? s1 s9ce x appe>e? to become a new *alice4 ,= he :o do? r5ew ! old fa%ion ( a "w seeme? to make a new "w3 & he do? remake1 :o do? m5d a ?+ already made4 ,& assur$ly consecration do? p]ta9 to ! out] surface4 ,& h5ce x is t ,i h said above t a *ur*1 if its walls be /ripp$ ( _! out] coat1 mu/ be reconsecrat$4 #cg4 ,! conv]se is nev]!less true1 t nei!r on acc\nt ( :itewa%+ or pa9t+ ! walls1 nor ( any small addition to !m1 is a *ur* to be reconsecrat$2 z ,i h already said4 ,:]e=e1 if ! %ape ( ! *alice be n *ang$1 x rema9e? ! same *alice1 & is n to be reconsecrat$2 j z also a *ur* be+ repair$1 s9ce x rema9e? ! same *ur*1 is n to be reconsecrat$1 z a=esaid4 #ajg ,b if ! =m] %ape be *ang$1 ! case 7 o!rwise1 s9ce1 z ,i h said1 ! %ape give? exi/5ce to ! ?+4 ,nev]!less1 x is dec5t1 z well by reason ( its contact ) unclean h&s z also ( ! increm5t ( unconsecrat$ matt]1 t a *alice1 be+ regild$1 %\ld be wa%$ ) exorcis$ wat] be=e t ! mo/ ,holy ,body & ,blood ( ! ,"l be sacrific$ !re94 ,let u n[ say some?+ ab\t ,reconciliation4 #ch4 ,^u ?is head x is to be not$ t ! spiritual temple1 :i* is man1 is (ttimes pollut$4 ,:5ce we d read 9 ! tw5tie? ( ,leviticus :at m5 be pollut$1 & h[ !y may n ent] ! *ur* until !y be wa%$ ) wat] & cleans$3 z also 9 ! n9ete5? ( ,numb]s1 ',he t t\*e? ! dead body ( a man %all be unclean 4444 :]e=e he %all purify himself & wa% 8 clo!s & ba! himself 9 wat] & %all be clean4' ,& ! ,prophet sai?1 ',?\ %alt purge me ) hyssop & ,i %all be clean4 ,footnote #dje ,footnote #dje3 ,psalm li 7,mis]]e mei71 #g4 #ci4 ,! mat]ial temple also1 :i* z ,pope ,gregory do? te/ify1 is ! *ur*1 is sometimes pollut$1 z we d read 9 ,leviticus4 ,footnote #djf ,:5ce sai? ! ,prophet1 ',?y holy temple h !y defil$ & made ,j]usalem an heap ( /ones4' ,footnote #djg ,& ! mat]ial temple is also wa%$ ) wat] 9 ord] to be reconcil$4 ,footnote #djh ,reconciliation is also effect$ by ! celebration ( a ,mass1 & ! asp]sion ( wat] duly consecrat$ ) salt1 w9e1 & a%es4 ,= by ! salt1 is signifi$ discretion2 by ! wat]1 ! p2 by ! w9e1 ! ,div9ity2 by ! a%es1 ! remembrance ( ! ,passion ( ,*ri/2 by ! w9e mix$ ) wat]1 ! union ( ,godhead & ,manhood4 ,footnote #djf3 ,levit4 xv1 #ca4 ,footnote #djg3 ,psalm lxxix 7,deus1 v5]unt71 ,i4 ,footnote #djh3 ,"s ( our read]s may n "k t reconciliation is ! te*nical t]m = ! re/or+ a desecrat$ *ur* to a /ate fit = ! p]=mance ( ! div9e (fices4 #ajh ,^! ?+s1 !re=e1 be put toge!r to d5ote t ! p1 be+ cleans$ by a disc]n+ remembrance ( ! ,passion ( ,*ri/1 are made "o ) ,him4 ,also if ! *ur* ha? once be5 consecrat$1 ! reconciliation c be made by a bi%op only4 ,& albeit he might devolve ^u a fell[-bi%op ! :ole (fice1 namely1 bo? ! bless+ ( ! wat] & ! reconciliation2 or ! b5$iction ( ! wat] only2 or ev5 ! reconciliation alone ) wat] bless$ be=eh& by himself2 yet c nei!r be devolv$ ^u a m]e prie/1 unless p]*ance ?is be compet5t to him by a special privilege4 ,b if ! *ur* ha? n be5 consecrat$1 x ought1 accord+ to ! ,con/itution ( ,gregory1 to be wa%$ =?) ) exorcis$ wat]3 ! :i* wa%+ "s d affirm may be done by a m]e prie/1 ?\gh at ! bidd+ ( ! bi%op3 s9ce x ha? to be done by exorcis$ wat]1 :i* e prie/ may use4 ,yet "s skilful m5 ( ! highe/ au?ority h writt5 t x is saf] = ?is also to be done by none b a bi%op1 & t ?is may n be devolv$ by him to a prie/2 = c]ta9 canons d call exorcis$ wat] t :i* is solemnly bless$ ) w9e & a%es3--& ?is is true inde$ 9 reg>d ( a *ur* :i* al?\gh n consecrat$ ha? be5 d$icat$ unto ,god4 ,= x is o!rwise ) a m]e oratory1 :i* is nei!r a holy nor a religi\s place1 inasmu* z any man do? ord] x at 8 w--at lea/ = pray]s1 albeit p]*ance n = celebration )\t ! lic5se ( ! diocesan--& at 8 w assigne? ! same place to ano!r use4 #dj4 ,a *ur* !n is to be reconsecrat$ 9 ! a=esaid case3 & also if any uncleanness be committ$ !re91 :e!r by cl]k1 layman1 h]etic1 or paynim4 ,b albeit "s wise m5 h ?\ght o!rwise1 we op9e t ! case is diff]5t 9 reg>d ( un9t5tional pollution4 ,footnote #dji ,footnote #dji3 ,! editors h v5tur$ to make a few omissions 9 ?is & "s ( ! foll[+ sections4 #aji #da4 ,a *ur* also mu/ be reconcil$ on acc\nt ( any homicide1 9 any way int5tionally committ$ !re91 :e!r ) or )\t ! %$d+ ( blood3 & also1 besides homicide1 = any viol5ce or injuri\s %$d+ ( human blood1 :e!r f a w\nd or n1 or f ! nose or ! m\?4 ,= we read 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 9 ! f\rte5? & fifte5? ( ,leviticus1 h[ t any man %$d+ blood1 or pollut$ 9 div]s ways1 may n ent] ! temple4 ,if1 h[ev]1 )\t viol5ce or injury blood %\ld fl[ 9 any natural way :atsoev] )9 ! *ur*2 or if any animal %\ld be sla9 !re91 or if anyone %\ld die sudd5ly1 or be kill$ by a fall+ /one or timb]1 or by lightn+2 = ^! & ! l occasions ! *ur* is n reconcil$4 ,nor aga91 if anyone1 hav+ be5 w\nd$ else:]e1 %\ld flee to a *ur* & die !re ev5 ) great effusion ( blood3 s9ce !n ! homicide is n committ$ 9 ! *ur*4 ,b conv]sely1 if anyone hav+ be5 w\nd$ 9 a *ur* die? )\t1 or ev5 if blood fl[ f ! w\nd away f ! *ur*1 ! case is o!rwise1 ev5 if ! blood did n fl[ at all )9 ! *ur*3 s9ce ! law reg>de? ! bl[ :i* cause? ! w\nd4 ,b & if blood be %$ or o!r pollutions be caus$ on ! ro( ( a *ur*1 no reconciliation is made1 because ! de$ is committ$ )\t ! *ur*4 #db4 ,b if !ft & rap9e be committ$ 9 a *ur*1 x is reconcil$ by ! cu/om :i* usually obta9e? 9 su* matt]s4 ,& "s d affirm t ! same ought to be done 9 any case ( viol5ce committ$ !re9 )\t ! %$d+ ( blood2 = example1 if anyone hav+ tak5 refuge !re9 %\ld be drawn =? ) viol5ce4 ,also if anyone %\ld break into ! *ur* or any qu>rel %\ld be tumultu\sly c>ri$ on1 ?\gh )\t %$d+ ( blood3 or if anyone %\ld be griev\sly beat5 !re91 s z 8 bones %\ld be brok51 or he be cov]$ ) weals & bruises1 ?\gh )\t blood2 #aaj or aga91 if anyone1 be+ condemn$ :ile pres5t 9 a *ur* ei!r to dea? or mutilation1 be l$ =? to g to ! place ( execution4 ,b s9ce ^! cases be n express$ 9 ! law1 x is n necess>y = ! *ur* to be solemnly reconcil$ by ! bi%op4 ,yet we ?9k x is dec5t = x to be wa%$ by ! prie/ ) exorcis$ wat] at ! comm& ( ! bi%op3 & ! same is to be said1 if ! *ur* be+ a long-"t )\t ro( or doors1 %\ld h be5 op5 to all impurities1 to animals & ! natural use ( m51 z if a common inn3 nor p]*ance w\ld x be amiss = x 9 su* case to be solemnly reconcil$ by ! bi%op4 ,aga91 if anyone1 sla9 )\t ! *ur*1 be %ortly borne into ! *ur*1 & !re ! murd]] or anyone else ?9k+ he w n die %\ld inflict on 8 yet w>m body a bl[ caus+ blood to fl[1 !n ! *ur* mu/ be reconcil$1 z well by reason ( ! horror & abom9ation1 z ( ! viol5ce & int5tion ( s9n+3 = ?\gh a dead man be n a man1 yet is 8 human blood %$ !re by viol5ce2 & to ! corpse itself is viol5ce1 horror1 & injury (f]$4 ,b ! case is o!rwise if anyone1 hav+ di$ a natural dea?1 be1 ?r\gh respect (1 & hon\r to 8 body1 dismemb]$ 9 ! *ur* or disemb[ell$1 t p]haps "o "p may be buri$ 9 "o place1 & ano!r 9 ano!r4 #dc4 ,a *ur* mu/ also be reconcil$1 9 :i* an infidel1 or "o publicly excommunicat$ be buri$2 & !n ! walls are to be scrap$4 ,9 ! a=esaid cases1 h[ev]1 9 :i* a *ur* is to be reconcil$1 x is requisite t ! fact caus+ ! reconciliation %\ld be kn[n at lea/ by report4 #aaa #dd4 ,= ?is is a sc&al to ! *ur*1 ! horror & abom9ation ( bas5ess & s9 & viol5ce committ$ 9 a sacr$ place1 or 9 a *ur*3 :]e9 ! p>don = (f5ces is bes\ght1 :]e9 !re ought to be a refuge ( def5ce1 :]e9 is (f]$ ! sav+ sacrifice = s9s1 :]e9 also ^? t flee = refuge be sav$1 & praises be r5d]$ unto ,god4 ,fur!rmore1 ! int5tion & design ( s9n+ mortally !re9 d cause a *ur* to be reconcil$4 ,b if ?is design be hidd51 reconciliation is n necess>y1 s9ce ! *ur* itself1 be+ holy1 _c be pollut$2 nay1 ! hol9ess ( ! place itself do? d away ) ! infamy3 albeit "s d ?9k ! contr>y ( ?is1 z t x ought to be reconcil$ at lea/ privately1 s t ! del9qu5ts be n expos$4 #de4 ,= reconciliation is p]=m$ = an example & w>n+1 t all :o behold ! *ur*1 :i* ha? 9 no wise s9n$1 wa%$ & purifi$ = ! delict ( ano!r1 may reflect h[ !y !mselves mu/ "w out ! expiation ( _! own s9s4 #df4 ,also a cemet]y1 9 :i* a paynim1 or an infidel or "o excommunicate be buri$1 is to be reconcil$2 ! bones1 h[ev]1 ( ! paynim1 if !y c be di/+ui%$ f ^? ( ! fai?ful1 be+ int]r$ else:]e4 ,a cemet]y also is reconcil$ 9 ! above-m5tion$ cases1 9 :i* a *ur* is to be reconcil$3 = a cemet]y enjoye? ! same privileges z do? a *ur*1 z we %all say 9 ! *apt] ( ,sacr$ ,unctions2 = x is a holy place f ! "t ( its b5$iction2 & x is reconcil$ by ! bi%op1 j z a *ur*1 by ! asp]sion ( wat]1 bless$ ) w9e & a%es4 #dg4 ,b ?is is to be not$1 t 9 :atsoev] "p ( ! *ur* or ! cemet]y ! viol5ce or pollution be committ$1 bo? ! *ur* & ! cemet]y1 & also ! sev]al p>ts ( ei!r1 by reason ( _! contiguity1 are und]/ood to be violat$4 ,?is fir/ ha? ( late be5 set /raight by ,pope ,boniface4 ,= albeit ! consecrations ( ! *ur*1 ! alt>1 & ! cemet]y be div]se1 yet is ! immunity ( !m "o & ! same & is n to be re/rict$ to any "o ( !m sep>ately1 nor to any individual "p ( ei!r4 #aab ,?is inde$ is true if ! *ur* & cemet]y be adjac5t3 b if ! "o be at a di/ance f ! o!r1 "o may well be violat$ )\t ! o!r4 ,if !re=e :5 "o is violat$ or pollut$1 ! o!r be also violat$ & pollut$2 by ! l reason1 if "o only be reconcil$ ! o!r is also tak5 to be reconcil$3 s9ce no?+ is m natural ?an t ev]y?+ %\ld be loos$ 9 ! same me?od z x is b\nd1 & t ! relation ( b9d+ & loos+ %\ld be ! same4 ,:]e=e :5 ! cemet]y is violat$ or pollut$1 x suffice? t ! *ur* be reconcil$4 ,!re be nev]!less "s :o d affirm simply t by ! pollution ( ! "o1 ! o!r is 9 no wise pollut$1 & by consequ5ce t ea* %\ld be reconcil$ sep>ately4 ,yet ^! do? ! au?ority ( ! ,pontifical oppose1 9 :i* is f\nd a special =m = ! reconciliation ( a cemet]y4 ,la/ly1 if a *ur* or a cemet]y1 or any su* ?+1 be consecrat$ or bless$ by a bi%op "u excommunication1 ^!1 "s affirm1 d n require reconciliation1 s9ce sacram5ts adm9i/]$ by su* 9 ! =m ( ! ,*ur* be valid4 ,b s9ce 7z a=esaid7 "o or m excommunicate p]sons d pr(ane a cemet]y or *ur*1 mu* m inde$ d ! ext]nal sacram5ts & b5$ictions1 :i* proce$ f ! h&s & m\? ( an excommunicate p]son1 appe> s f> z p]ta9e? to _! own m]its to be contam9at$ & to /9k be=e ,god4 ,:]e=e x is dec5t t we %\ld reconcile !m be=e ! fai?ful use ^! sacram5ts2 z 9 tru? ! read+ ( ! sacr$ canons do? evid5tly tea*4 ,= ! ,"l sai? by ! ,prophet1 ',i w curse y\r bless+s4' ,footnote #daj ,footnote #daj3 ,mala*i ii4 #b4 #aac ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,( ,,! ,,consecration ,,( ,,an ,,alt> ,rise ( ! ,consecration ( ,alt>s--,mann] ( ! ,same--,! ,b5$iction ( ,wat]--,! ,asp]sions--,! ,hyssop--,consid]ation ( ,relics--,! ,alt> mu/ be ( ,/one--,! ,inc5se--,! ,b5$iction ( ,*ur* ,ornam5ts4 #a4 ,n only is a *ur* consecrat$1 b also ! alt>3 & ?is = ?ree reasons4 ,fir/1 ) reg>d to ! sacram5t !reon to be (f]$ to ,god4 ,noah ,footnote #daa built an alt> to ! ,"l1 & (f]$ a sacrifice ^u x1 tak+ "s ( all clean birds & bea/s4 ,b ?is sacram5t is ! ,body & ,blood ( ,*ri/ :i* is sacrific$ 9 remembrance ( ! ,"l's ,passion1 accord+ to ! comm&1 ',?is d 9 commemoration ( ,me4' ,footnote #dab ,footnote #daa3 ,g5esis viii4 ,footnote #dab3 ,s4 ,luke xxii1 #ai4 #b4 ,secondly1 ) reg>d to ! invocation 9 t place ( ! "n ( ,god3 :5ce ,footnote #dac ,abraham built an alt> to ,god :o appe>$ unto him1 & call$ !re ^u ! "n ( ! ,"l4 ,b ?is invocation1 :i* takes place ov] ! alt>1 is prop]ly call$ ! ,mass4 ,footnote #dac3 ,g5esis xii4 #c4 ,?irdly1 ) reg>d to *ant+3 ',he gave him pati5ce aga9/ 8 enemies1 & caus$ s+]s also to /& be=e ! alt>1 t by _! voices !y might make sweet melody4' ,footnote #dad ,footnote #dad3 ,eccles4 xlvii1 #i4 #aad #d4 ,! consecration ( an alt> is p]=m$ 9 ?is me?od & ord]4 ,! bi%op beg9ne?1 ',o ,god1 make spe$ to save u4' ,aft]w>ds he blesse? ! wat]1 & !n at ! f\r horns ,footnote #dae ( ! alt> he describe? f\r crosses ) ! consecrat$ wat]4 ,next1 he goe? r\nd ! alt> sev5 times1 & spr9kle? ! table ,footnote #daf ( ! alt> sev5 times ) holy wat]1 by means ( an asp]sory ( hyssop4 ,! *ur* also is aga9 spr9kl$1 & ! rema9d] ( ! wat] is p\r$ at ! foot ( ! alt>3 & !n f\r crosses be made ) *rism at ! f\r corn]s ( ! sepul*re 9 :i* ! relics are to be deposit$2 & ! relics !mselves be plac$ 9 a case1 toge!r ) ?ree gra9s ( frank9c5se1 & s be buri$ 9 ! sepul*re4 ,!n is plac$ ^u ! sepul*re its cov]1 ,footnote #dag /r5g!n$ 9 ! middle by ! sign ( ! cross3 aft]w>ds ! /one1 :i* is call$ ! table1 is fitt$ to ! top ( ! alt>1 & :5 fitt$ is ano9t$ ) oil 9 five places1 & 9 ! same way is fur!r ano9t$ aft]w>ds ) *rism1 z ha? be5 said :5 speak+ ab\t oil4 ,! alt> also is confirm$ 9 front by ! *rism appli$ 9 ! =m ( ! cross1 & inc5se is burnt ^u x 9 ! five places4 ,aft] ?is ! alt> is cov]$ up1 & is spread ) clean clo?s1 & !n at l5g? ! sacrifice is celebrat$ ^u x4 ,n[ let u foll[ out ea* ( ! above-m5tion$ c]emonies 9 succession4 ,footnote #dae3 ,! ^w horn appe>s to be us$ simply = corn]1 evid5tly ) ref]5ce to ! alt> ( ! temple1 :i* _h rais$ projections1 or horns at its angles4 ,footnote #daf3 ,we %all use ! ^w table to d5ote ! m5sa or upp] surface ( ! alt>1 on :i* ! *ief "p ( ! c]emonies ( consecration 7 p]=m$4 ,footnote #dag3 ,?is passage is obscure1 & receives no light f o!r rituali/s :o h n spok5 mu* on ! consecration ( alt>s4 ,f ! #be ( ! *apt] we appreh5d t ?is slab1 or cov] ( ! sepul*re1 0 m>k$ ) a cross ( *rism be=e x 0 fitt$ on to ! cavity4 #aae #e4 ,fir/1 !n1 x is to be not$1 t an alt> is consecrat$ by ! unction ( *rism & act ( bless+ int]v5+1 & t x is only & entirely ( /one4 ,! bi%op /&+ up beg9ne?1 ',o ,god1 make spe$ to save u1' because ! ,"l ,himself sai?1 ',)\t ,me ye c d no?+4' ,footnote #dah ,footnote #dah3 ,s4 ,john xv1 #e4 #f4 ,& because ?is d$ication signifie? t ^? mu/ be baptis$1 :o1 aft] receiv+ ! fai?1 are prep>+ !mselves to fight1 & :o are /ill situat$ among/ ! sighs & /ruggles ( ?is _w2 on ?is acc\nt ! ,alleluia is omitt$1 s9ce ^? :o be n baptis$ be n wor?y to jo9 9 ! praises ( angels3 :5ce x is writt5 9 ,tobit1 ',& all h] /reets %all say ,alleluia4' ,footnote #dai ,b aft] t ! consecration ( ! *ur* or ( ! alt> is complet$1 ! ,alleluia is *ant$1 because ! delusions ( devils hav+ be5 expell$1 ,god %all be prais$ !reupon4 ,= ,*ri/ ev5 :5 approa*+ to ! alt> ( ! cross 9 ord] to manife/ ! glory ( ,8 ,et]nity1 paid ! p5alty ( dea?3 n until aft] ,8 resurrection sang ,he ,alleluia4 ,footnote #dai3 ,tobit xiii1 #ah4 #g4 ,secondly1 ) respect to ! bless+ ( wat]1 x is to be not$ t ?is k9d ( exorcis+ wat] is p]=m$ 9 ord] to expel ! enemy f x4 ,9 :i* bless+ f\r ?+s be necess>y2 namely1 wat]1 w9e1 salt1 & a%es4 ,& ?is = ?ree reasons4 #h4 7i7 ,because !re be f\r ?+s :i* expel ! enemy4 ,! fir/ is ! outp\r+ ( te>s1 :i* is d5ot$ by ! wat]3 ! second is ! exultation ( ! s\l1 :i* is d5ot$ by ! w9e3 ! ?ird is natural discretion1 :i* by ! salt2 ! f\r?1 a pr(\nd humility1 :i* is signifi$ by ! a%es4 ,:]e=e ! wat] is p5it5ce1 ! w9e exaltation ( m9d1 ! salt wisdom 7z 0 %[n 9 ! prec$+ *apt]71 ! a%es ! humility ( p5it5ce4 ,:5ce x is said ( ! ,n9evites t _! 'k+ rose up f 8 ?rone1 & clo!d himself ) sackclo?1 & sat 9 a%es4' ,footnote #dbj #aaf ,h5ce also ,david sai?1 ',= ,i h eat5 a%es z x 7 bread4' ,footnote #dba ,h5ce also ,abraham sai?1 ',%all ,i speak to my ,"l1 :o am b du/ & a%es8' ,footnote #dbb ,footnote #dbj3 ,jonah iii1 #f4 ,footnote #dba3 ,psalm cii 7,dom9e exaudi71 #i4 ,footnote #dbb3 ,g5esis xviii1 #bg4 #i4 7ii7 ,9 a second s5se wat] is ! p or mank9d1 because _m wat]s are _m peoples2 w9e is ! ,deity2 salt1 ! tea*+ ( ! div9e law :i* is ! salt ( ! cov5ant2 a%es1 t :i* pres]ve? ! remembrance ( ! ,"l's ,passion4 ,w9e mix$ ) wat]1 is ,*ri/1 ,god & ,man4 ,= by means ( fai? 9 ! ,"l's ,passion 7a%es71 :i* is _h ?r\gh ! tea*+ ( ! ,div9e ,law 7salt71 ! p1 d5ot$ by ! wat]1 is jo9$ ?r\gh ! union ( fai?1 to its ,head1 ,god & ,man4 #aj4 7iii7 ,9 a ?ird me?od we may say also t ?is consecrat$ wat] signifie? ! ,holy ,_s1 )\t ,^: influ5ce no?+ ev] is sanctifi$1 & )\t ,^: grace !re is no remission ( s9s4 ,t ! ,holy ,_s is call$ wat]1 tru? itself %[e? :5 ,he sai?1 ',:osoev] believe? 9 ,me1 out ( 8 belly %all fl[ riv]s ( liv+ wat]'3 ,footnote #dbc :i* ! ,evangeli/ expla9+ sai?1 ',?is ,he spake ( ! ,holy ,gho/ :i* !y %\ld receive :o believ$ ^u ,him4' ,footnote #dbc3 ,s4 ,john vii1 #ch1 #ci4 #aa4 ,& note ! ord] ( ! sacram5t2 ! *ur* is consecrat$ outw>dly by wat]1 inw>dly by ! ,_s4 ,= ?is is :at ! ,"l sai?1 ',unless a man %all be born aga9 ( wat] & ( ! ,holy ,gho/1' etc4 ,footnote #dbd ,"h is ! wat]3 "h ! ,holy ,_s4 ,= 9 ! sacram5t ( baptism1 nei!r is ! wat] )\t ! ,_s1 nor ! ,_s )\t ! wat]3 :i* elem5t inde$ ! ,_s ,himself did sanctify1 :5 9 ! fir/ creation ( ! _w ',he mov$ ^u ! face #aag ( ! wat]s4' ,footnote #dbe ,) ?is wat] !re=e1 bo? ! alt> itself & ! :ole int]ior ( ! *ur* is spr9kl$1 :5 bo? x & ! alt> are d$icat$ on ! same occasion4 ,footnote #dbd3 ,s4 ,john iii1 #e4 ,footnote #dbe3 ,g5esis i1 #b4 #ab4 ,al?\gh !re=e ! ,_s & wat] w\ld suffice = ! p]fect op]ation ( baptism & ! consecration ( a *ur*1 yet ! holy fa!rs :o h made ?is con/itution1 wi%$ to satisfy u n only 9 ^? p>ticul>s :i* p]ta9 to ! efficacy ( ! sacram5ts1 b 9 ^? also :i* relate to its great] sanctification3 & on ?is acc\nt !y h add$ salt1 w9e1 oil1 a%es1 & *rism4 7,= ,philip1 :5 he baptis$ ! eunu*1 _h nei!r oil nor *rism47 ,!re=e n "o ( ^! +r$i5ts ought to be want+2 & !y ought all to be mix$ toge!r1 because ! p ( ,god1 :i* is ! ,*ur*1 is nei!r sanctifi$ nor releas$ f s9s )\t ! union ( ^! qualities4 ,on ?is ,i %all treat also 9 ! *apt] ^u consecrations4 ,) respect to wat] inde$ ! case is evid5t1 because 'unless a man be born aga91' etc4 #ac4 ,) respect to ! salt also2 because )\t ! season+ ( fai?1 :i* is typifi$ by ! salt1 no "o %all ev] be sav$1 albeit he be spr9kl$ by ! wat] ( baptism4 ,also ) respect to w9e1 by means ( :i* ! spiritual intellig5ce ( ! div9e law is d5ot$4 ,:5ce ! ,"l at ! m>riage 9 ,cana turn$ ! wat] into w9e4 ,b if anyone %all n h be5 spr9kl$ ) ?is1 t is1 %all n h drunk ( ?is or h believ$ ^? :o (f]$ x to him to dr9k1 he %all n atta9 to ! bless$ness ( et]nal life4 ,! asp]sion ( a%es also1 by :i* ! humility ( p5it5ce is und]/ood1 is s necess>y1 t )\t x !re is no remission ( s9s 9 adults2 = ?r\gh x !y come to baptism1 & x is ! sole refuge = su* z h s9n$ #aah aft] baptism4 ,:5ce n )\t reason is baptism call$ f x3 ! ,"l speak+ 9 ! gospel conc]n+ ,john ,bapti/ 't he came into ! :ole region ( ,galilee1 prea*+ ! baptism ( rep5tance = ! remission ( s9s4' ,footnote #dbf ,note also t !re be f\r k9ds ( consecrat$ wat]1 ( :i* we %all speak 9 ! f\r? book1 & at ! head ( ',! asp]sion ( holy wat]4' ,footnote #dbg ,footnote #dbf3 ,s4 ,m>k i1 #d4 ,footnote #dbg3 ,!re be f\r k9ds ( holy wat]1 "o1 by ! :i* is made ! judgm5t ( expurgation1 :i* is no long] us$2 a second1 :i* do? sanctify 9 ! consecration ( a *ur* or an alt>2 a ?ird1 ) :i* asp]sions be made 9 ! *ur*2 & a f\r?1 ! wat] ( baptism4'--,dur&us1 ,lib4 ,,iv1 iv1 #aj4 #ad4 ,:5 all ^! +r$i5ts h be5 mix$1 ! bi%op make? f\r crosses ) ?is wat] at ! f\r horns ( ! alt>1 & "o 9 ! middle2 ,footnote #dbh ! f\r crosses repres5t ! f\rfold *>ity :i* !y ought to h :o approa* ! alt>1 viz41 love = ,god1 !mselves1 _! fri5ds1 & _! enemies4 ,( :i* f\r corn]s ( *>ity x is said 9 ,g5esis1 ',?\ %alt spread into ! ea/1 & ! we/1 & ! nor?1 & ! s\?'3 & = ?is reason be ! f\r crosses made at ! f\r corn]s to %[ t ,*ri/1 by ,8 ,cross1 ha? sav$ ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! _w4 ,secondly1 !y be made to po9t out t we ought to be> ! cross ( ! ,"l 9 f\r ways2 namely1 9 our he>t by m$itation1 9 our m\? by confession1 9 our body by mortification ( ! fle%1 9 our face by con/ant impression4 ,! cross 9 ! middle ( ! alt> signifie? ! ,passion :i* ,*ri/ und]w5t 9 ! middle ( ! e>?1 by :i* ,he work$ out salvation 9 ! middle ( ! e>?2 t is1 9 ,j]usalem4 ,footnote #dbh3 ,! tables1 or upp] slabs ( ! alt>1 7 inscrib$ ) five crosses1 "o at ea* corn] & "o 9 ! middle3 z are also ! alt> /ones :i* are f\nd 9 ! middle ( ! frightful wood5 alt>s abroad at ?is day4 ,see an int]e/+ li/ ( alt> slabs 9 ! ',few ,h9ts' ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society4 #aai #ae4 ,next1 ! bi%op goe? sev5 times r\nd ! alt>1 7i7 ,fir/ly1 to signify t he ought to ex]cise c>e = all1 & to keep himself vigilant1 :i* is d5ot$ by ! act ( go+ r\nd4 ,:5ce at t "t !y *ant1 ',! wat*m5 t w5t ab\t ! city f\nd me4' ,footnote #dbi ,= a bi%op ought to wat* anxi\sly ov] ! flocks committ$ to him3 = z ,gilb]t sai?1 ',a ridicul\s ?+ x is1 a bl9d wat*man1 a lame lead]1 a neglig5t prelate1 an untaught tea*]1 & a dumb prea*]4' ,footnote #dbi3 ,cant4 v1 #g4 #af4 7ii7 ,secondly1 ! sev5 circuits ( ! alt> d signify ! sev5 m$itations :i* we ought to ent]ta9 respect+ ! sev5fold virtue ( ! humility ( ,*ri/1 & ( :i* we ought to make frequ5t circuits 9 our m9ds4 ,! fir/ virtue is1 t f be+ ri* ,he became poor2 ! second1 t ,he 0 laid 9 a mang]3 ! ?ird1 t he 0 subject to ,8 p>5ts2 ! f\r?1 t ,he b[$ ,8 ,head "u ! h& ( a slave2 ! fif?1 t ,he bore ) a ?ief & a betray] z a disciple2 ! six?1 t ,he /ood g5tle be=e an unrighte\s judge2 ! sev5?1 t ,he m]cifully pray$ = !m t crucifi$ ,him4 #ag4 7iii7 ,?irdly1 by ! sev5 circuits be indicat$ ! sev5 j\rneys ( ,*ri/4 ,! fir/ 0 f heav5 to ! ,virg9's womb2 ! second1 !nce into ! mang]2 ! ?ird1 f ! mang] into ! _w2 ! f\r?1 f ! _w to ! cross2 ! fif?1 f ! cross to ! sepul*re2 ! six?1 f ! sepul*re to ! place ( spirits2 ! sev5?1 f ! place ( spirits to heav54 #ah4 ,aft] ?is1 ! bi%op spr9kle? ! alt>4 ,b :at ! alt> signifie? 9 a temple1 ! ,apo/le telle? u3 ',= ! ,temple ( ,god is holy1 :i* temple ye are4' ,footnote #dcj ,:]e=e1 if we be ! ,temple ( ,god1 'we #abj h an alt>4' ,footnote #dca ,our alt> is our he>t3 = ! he>t is 9 a man :at ! alt> is 9 a temple4 ,on ?is alt> is made ! sacrifice ( praise & joy1 accord+ to ! say+ ( ! ,psalmi/3 ',! sacrifices ( ,god are a brok5 _s1' etc4 ,footnote #dcb ,on ?is alt> is made ! commemoration ( ! ,body & ,blood ( ,*ri/4 ,f x d pray]s rise to heav51 because ,god looke? to ! he>t4 ,?is alt>1 !re=e1 is spr9kl$ ) wat] :5 ! he>ts ( m51 by means ( ! prea*+ ( ! gospel1 are cleans$ f s94 ,= prea*+ is wat]1 accord+ to t say+3 ',all ye t ?ir/1 come to ! wat]s4' ,footnote #dcc ,by ?is wat]1 !re=e1 t is1 by ! prea*+ ( ! gospel & ! sanctification ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 bo? ! alt> ( ! he>t & ! :ole man are cleans$ & sanctifi$4 ,= ! alt> ( ! he>t is consecrat$ by ! conception ( fe>1 invit+ to good1 & by ! affection ( love1 confirm+ to ! bett]4 ',= ! fe> ( ! ,"l is ! beg9n+ ( wisdom4' ,footnote #dcd ,footnote #dcj3 #b ,cor4 vi1 #af4 ,footnote #dca3 ,heb4 xiii1 #aj4 ,footnote #dcb3 ,ps4 li 7,mis]]e mei ,deus71 #ag4 ,footnote #dcc3 ,isaiah lv1 #a4 ,footnote #dcd3 ,ps4 cxi 7,confitebor tibi71 #aj4 #ai4 ,b ! alt> is spr9kl$ sev5 times ) wat] to notify t 9 baptism ! sev5 gifts ( ! ,holy ,_s be conf]r$4 ,by ?is also x is set =? t we ought to h a remembrance ( ! ,"l's ,passion4 ,= ! sev5 asp]sions ( wat] be ! sev5 outp\r+s ( ! ,blood ( ,*ri/4 ,! fir/ :]e( 0 at circumcision2 ! second 9 pray]1 :5 ,8 sweat 0 z drops ( blood2 ! ?ird1 at ! sc\rg+2 ! f\r?1 f ! cr[n ( ?orns2 ! fif?1 f ,8 pi]c$ h&s2 ! six?1 :5 ,8 feet 7 nail$ to ! cross2 ! sev5?1 :5 ,8 side 0 op5$4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 spr9kle ?ree times1 because we baptise 9 ! "n ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity2 or because ! *ur* is cleans$ f s9s ( ?\ght1 ^w1 & de$2 :5ce also at t "t ! ,mis]]e mei is said4 #aba #bj4 ,moreov]1 ^! asp]sions be made ) an asp]sory made ( hyssop1 by :i* h]b1 because x is l[ly1 ! l[l9ess ( ,*ri/ is conv5i5tly repres5t$3 s9ce ! above-m5tion$ effusions ( blood 7 accompani$ by ! hyssop1 ( ! humility & inext+ui%able love ( ,*ri/ by :i* ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* be+ spr9kl$ is purifi$4 ,?is h]b also gr[e? naturally ^u rock3 & l[l9ess ( disposition ha? gr[n ^u ,*ri/ ! rock4 ,= accord+ to ! ,apo/le1 ',t rock 0 ,*ri/4' ,footnote #dce ,x is also ( a w>m nature2 & ! humility ( ,*ri/ inflame? cold he>ts to ! practice ( works ( love4 ,its roots also p5etrate ! rocks2 & humility breake? ?r\gh ! h>de/ ( ob/9acy4 ,x availe? = diseases ( ! brea/ & aga9/ swell+3 s do? humility heal ! swell+ ( pride4 ,! =m] also is born f1 & root$ 91 ! e>?3 :5ce by x ! :ole multitude ( ! fai?ful may be und]/ood2 & ^? especially be figur$ by ! hyssop1 :o1 root$ & gr\nd$ 9 ,*ri/1 _c be pluck$ up or sep>at$ f ,8 love4 ,by :om :at c we und]/& bett] ?an ! bi%ops & presbyt]s1 because ! m dignity !y obta9 9 ! ,*ur*1 ! m firmly ought !y to cleave to ! fai? ( ,*ri/4 ,by ^! assur$ly is ! wat] asp]s$2 by & ?r\gh ^! be ! fai?ful ( ,*ri/ baptis$2 to ^! is x giv5 to p]fect ! sacram5t ( baptism4 ,footnote #dce3 ,i ,cor9?ians x1 #d4 #ba4 ,b :il/ ! alt> is be+ spr9kl$ ) wat] ! bi%op *ante?1 ',my h\se %all be call$ an h\se ( ,pray]1' etc41 ,footnote #dcf & aga91 ',i w tell out ?y "n to my bre?r54' ,footnote #dcg ,& because )\t ,god no "w is p]fectly consummat$1 he praye? t ^? :o ent] !re9 to seek = bless+s may be he>d4 ,footnote #dcf3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxi1 #ac4 ,footnote #dcg3 ,psalm xxii 7,deus ,deus meus71 #bb4 #abb ,aft]w>ds1 :5 ! *ur* & alt> are consecrat$ at ! same "t1 ! :ole *ur* is spr9kl$ ) t wat]1 z 0 discuss$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 :i* be+ done1 ! bi%op approa*e? ! alt> repeat+ ,psalms1 & :at rema9s ( ! wat] is p\r$ away at ! foot ( ! alt>1 z 9 ! old ,te/am5t ,footnote #dch :at rema9$ ( ! blood 0 p\r$ away at ! bottom ( ! alt>2 by :i* x is signifi$ t ! rema9d] 9 s great a sacram5t1 :i* is beyond human p[]1 is giv5 ov] unto ,god1 ,:o is ! ,*ief ,high ,prie/1 ,^: "p x is to supply ! defect ( o!r prie/s4 ,b ! sepul*re or cavity 9 :i* relics ought to be deposit$1 signifie? ! gold5 pot full ( manna1 :i* 0 plac$ 9 ! ark ( ! te/imony1 z ha? be5 expla9$ "u ! head ( ! ,alt>4 ,footnote #dch3 ,exodus xxix1 #ab4 #bb4 ,a sepul*re ( ?is sort1 :i* by "s is t]m$ a confession1 is our he>t2 & x is consecrat$ by f\r crosses made ) *rism1 because !re be f\r virtues describ$ 9 ! book ( wisdom--namely1 ,prud5ce1 ,=titude1 ,temp]ance1 & ,ju/ice--) :i* our he>t is1 z x 71 ano9t$1 :5 x is prep>$ by ! gift ( ! ,holy ,_s to receive ! my/]ies ( ! heav5ly secrets4 ,b ?is sepul*re is made sometimes at ! upp] "p ( ! alt>1 sometimes 9 ! front side ( x4 #bc4 ,)\t ! relics ( sa9ts1 or1 :]e !y _c be _h1 )\t ! body ( ,*ri/1 ,footnote #dci !re is no consecration ( a fix$ alt>3 b !re may be ( a travell+ or portable "o4 ,relics 9 tru? are1 aft] ! example ( bo? ,te/am5ts1 evid5ces ( ! suff]+ ( m>tyrs & lives ( confessors2 :i* ?+s be left to u z examples4 ,^! we enclose 9 a case1 because we reta9 !m1 9 ord] to imitate !m 9 our he>t3 b if we he> & und]/& & d no works1 #abc x t5de? r to damnation ?an to salvation2 because 'n ! he>]s ( ! law are j be=e ,god1 b ! do]s only'2 ,footnote #ddj :5ce ! ,apo/le sai?1 ',be ye imitators ( me z ,i am also ( ,*ri/4' ,footnote #dda ,footnote #dci3 ,see *apt] ii4 ,footnote #ddj3 ,romans ii1 #ac4 ,footnote #dda3 ,i ,cor9?ians xi1 #a4 #bd4 ,b ! solemn c>ry+ ( relics is 9 imitation ( :at is read 9 ! xxv *apt] ( ,exodus4 ,9 ! ark ( ! te/am5t !re 7 two gold5 r+s1 go+ ?r\gh ! :ole ?ickness ( ! wood1 & ?r\gh ^! 7 put ! /aves ( %ittim wood ov]laid ) gold1 by :i* ! ark 0 borne4 ,& be=e ! bi%op ent]e? ! *ur* he goe? r\nd x ) ! relics 9 ord] t !y may be protectors ( t *ur*4 ,we read also 9 ! viii *apt] ( ! ?ird book ( ,k+s t at ! d$ication ( ! temple '!re 7 assembl$ toge!r all ! eld]s ( ,israel1 ) ! *iefs ( ! tribes1 & ! heads ( families to ,k+ ,solomon 9 ,j]usalem1 to c>ry ! ark ( ! cov5ant ( ! ,"l2 & !re came all ! eld]s ( ,israel1 & ! prie/s br\ght 9 ! ark ( ! cov5ant ( ! ,"l into 8 place1 into ! oracle ( ! h\se1 to ! mo/ holy place1 ev5 "u ! w+s ( ! *]ubims4 ,= ! *]ubims spread =? _! two w+s ov] ! place ( ! ark1 & ! *]ubims cov]$ ! ark & ! /aves !re( above4 ,& ,k+ ,solomon1 & all ! congregation ( ,israel t 7 assembl$ unto him1 m>*$ ) him be=e ! ark4' ,footnote #ddb ,9 remembrance ( ?is ev5t1 ! prelates1 great m51 & p ,footnote #ddc ( ! prov9ce meet toge!r1 ev5 at ?is day1 = ! d$ication ( *ur*es1 & foll[ 9 procession him t consecrate?3 & relics are solemnly c>ri$ by prie/s "u a pavilion or canopy4 ,aft]w>ds ! bi%op1 be=e he ent]e? ! *ur* ) ^!1 addresse? ! p4 ,= ,solomon also1 aft] ! ark _h be5 #abd c>ri$1 'turn$ 8 face ab\t1 & bless$ all ! congregation ( ,israel1' & pray$ = su* z %\ld pray 9 ! *ur*4 ',= all ! congregation ( ,israel /ood1 & ,solomon said1 ,bless$ be ! ,"l ,god ( ,israel1' etc41 z is read 9 ! same place4 ,footnote #ddd ,footnote #ddb3 ,i ,k+s viii1 #b1 #f1 #g4 ,footnote #ddc3 ,! ,v5ice edition ( #afji reads ,apo/oli "h4 ,footnote #ddd3 ,i ,k+s1 viii4 #be4 ,b ! relics ( sa9ts are enclos$ 9 a case toge!r ) ?ree gra9s ( frank9c5se1 because we ought to reta9 9 our recollection ! examples ( ! sa9ts1 toge!r ) fai? 9 ! ,tr9ity1 t is1 9 ! ,fa!r1 ,son1 & ,holy ,gho/4 ,= we ought to believe "o ,god1 "o fai?1 "o baptism1 because '! j live? by fai?1' ,footnote #dde )\t :i*1 z ! ,apo/le ha? said1 ',x is impossible to please ,god4' ,footnote #ddf ,!re is plac$ ^u & fitt$ to ! sepul*re itself a c]ta9 bo>d =tifi$ by ! sign ( ! cross made ) *rism4 ,footnote #ddg ,= by *rism is und]/ood ! gift ( ! ,holy ,_s1 ) :i* ?is bo>d1 t is *>ity1 is ano9t$2 because our he>t is =tifi$ by ! grace ( ! ,holy ,_s to obs]vance ( ! heav5ly my/]ies4 ,! bo>d !re=e =tifi$ by ?is sign is plac$ ov] ! relics1 because by ! example ( ! sa9ts is inflam$ *>ity1 ':i* cov]e? a multitude ( s9s1' ,footnote #ddh j z also ! bo>d cov]e? ! relics4 ,:5ce sai? ! ,apo/le1 ',! love ( ,god is spread abroad 9 our he>ts by ! ,holy ,_s :i* is giv5 unto u4' ,footnote #ddi ,b ?is slab or /one conta9e?1 or is call$1 ! seal ( ! sepul*re2 z sai? ,pope ,alex&] ,,iii4 ,footnote #dde3 ,romans i1 #ag4 ,footnote #ddf3 ,hebrews xi #f4 ,footnote #ddg3 ,see above1 section #d1 note #g4 ,footnote #ddh3 ,i ,s4 ,pet] iv1 #h4 ,footnote #ddi3 ,romans v1 #e4 ,aft] ?is1 h[ev]1 ! /one1 :i* is call$ ! table ( ! alt>1 is fitt$ to ! top ( ! alt>2 by :i* we may und]/& ! p]fection & solidity ( ! k ( ,god2 & x ought to be ( /one1 n because ( ! h>dness1 b ! solidity ( fai?4 ,j z ! ,"l said unto ,pet]1 ',?\ art ,pet]1 & ^u ?is rock'--t is1 ^u ?is firmness ( fai?--',i w build ,my ,*ur*4' ,footnote #dej ,footnote #dej3 ,s ,mat!w xvi1 #ah4 #abe #bf4 ,= z ?is table is ! completion & f9i%+ ( ! alt>1 s is ! k ( ,god ! confirmation & p]fection ( all good gifts4 ,:5ce 9 ! book ( ,wisdom x is said unto ! ,"l1 ',= to "k ,!e is p]fect wisdom1 & to "k ,?y ju/ice & ,?y virtue is ! root ( immortality4' ,footnote #dea ,! ,"l sai? by ,j]emiah1 ',let him t glorie? glory 9 ?is1 t he und]/&e? & kn[e? ,me4' ,footnote #deb ,footnote #dea3 ,wisdom xv1 #c4 ,footnote #deb3 ,j]emiah ix1 #bd4 #bg4 ,or1 aga91 by ?is /one itself is und]/ood ,*ri/1 ( ,:om ! ,apo/le sai?1 ',jesus ,*ri/ ,himself be+ ! *ief corn]-/one4' ,footnote #dec ,by ! /one inde$ ! humanity ( ,*ri/ is d5ot$4 ,conc]n+ :i* we read 9 ,daniel t a /one 0 cut out ( ! rock )\t h&s--because ,*ri/ 0 born ( ! ,bless$ ,virg9 7:o = ! excell5cy ( h] virtues is call$ a ,m\nta971 )\t human ag5cy--&1 becom+ a huge m\nta91 fill$ ! :ole e>?4 ,conc]n+ :i* x is said also by ! ,psalmi/1 ',! /one :i* ! build]s refus$ ha? become ! head /one ( ! corn]3' ,footnote #ded s9ce ,*ri/--,:om ! build]s1 t is ! ,jews1 refus$1 say+1 ',we w n h ?is man to reign ov] u' ,footnote #dee --ha? be5 made ! head ( ! corn]4 ,because z sai? ! ,apo/le1 ',god ha? exalt$ ,him1 & giv5 ,him1' ,footnote #def etc4 ,or else by ?is /one1 :i* ought to be great & wide1 *>ity is und]/ood1 z 0 /at$ be=e2 s9ce ! comm& ( *>ity is wide1 ext5d+ ev5 unto our enemies2 accord+ to t precept ( our ,"l1 ',love y\r enemies4' ,footnote #deg ,footnote #dec3 ,ephesians ii1 #bj4 ,footnote #ded3 ,psalm cxviii 7,confitem9i ,dom9o71 #bb4 ,footnote #dee3 ,s4 ,luke xix1 #ad4 ,footnote #def3 ,philippians ii4 #aj4 ,footnote #deg3 ,s4 ,mat!w v1 #dd4 #abf #bh4 ,alt>s !re=e1 unless !y be ( /one1 are n ano9t$1 because ,*ri/ signifi$ by ! alt> is ! ,/one gr[+ into a m\nta93 z x is said1 ,! m\nta9 itself is fat1 'be+ ano9t$ ) ! oil ( gladness1 above 8 fell[s4' ,footnote #deh ,nev]!less we read 9 ,exodus t ! ,"l ord]$ ! alt>s to be made ( %ittim wood1 :i* does n decay2 ,footnote #dei & ! ,lat]n alt> is ( wood4 ,solomon also made an alt> ( gold1 z we read 9 ! eigh? *apt] ( ! ?ird book ( ,k+s3 b ^! ?+s 7 done = a type4 ,footnote #dfj ,& 9 ! c\nty ( ,prov9ce1 9 ! ca/le ( ,s4 ,m>y by ! ,sea1 !re is also an alt> ( e>?1 :i* ,m>y ,magdal5e1 & ,m>?a & ,m>y ! "m ( ,james1 & ,m>y ! "m ( ,salome1 made !re4 ,footnote #dfa ,aft] ?is1 ! alt> hav+ be5 spr9kl$ & baptis$ ) wat]1 x rema9e? = x to be ano9t$ ) oil & *rism4 ,! bi%op !n p\re? ov] x oil & *rism1 & *ante?1 ',jacob set up ! /one = a memorial1 & p\r$ oil ^u x4' ,footnote #dfb ,= t *ur* ha? be5 ! memorial ( o!r *ur*es2 ',= ! law ha? gone out f ,sion1 & ! ^w ( ! ,"l f ,j]usalem4' ,footnote #dfc ,footnote #deh3 ,psalm xlv 7,eructavit cor meum71 #h4 ,footnote #dei3 ,exodus xxvii1 ,i1 etc4 ,footnote #dfj3 ,! same examples are briefly adduc$ 9 ! notes to ! ,decretal4 ,ciamp9i describes ! wood5 alt> ( ! ,lat]an1 & m5tions its num]\s escapes f fire4 ,x 0 made ( firewood1 because 'abies non c$it v]mibus unquam1 nec putret facile4' ,see also ,/eph5 ,durantus1 ,de ,rit4 ,ecc4 ,ca?ol4,lib4 ,i1 xxv1 #c1 quot+ f ,de ,turrecremata1 ab\t ! ,lat]an alt>1 & g5]ally ab\t ! subject ( ?is *apt]4 ,footnote #dfa3 ,accord+ to ! ,gold5 ,leg5d1 ,s4 ,m>y ,magdal5e1 ) o!r sa9ts1 among/ :om 0 ,s4 ,laz>us1 7 plac$ by ! ,jews 9 a %ip :i* 0 borne by ! sea to ,m>seilles4 ,! c\ntry 0 conv]t$1 & ,s4 ,laz>us became ! fir/ bi%op4 ,! p ( ,vezelay1 9 ,burgundy1 also claim$ ! hon\r ( possess+ ! relics ( ,s4 ,m>y ,magdal5e4 ,dur&us1 a native ( ,prov5ce1 gives x to ! latt] c\ntry4 ,?is curi\s passage ( our au?or seems to h be5 ov]look$ by "s :o h attempt$ to adju/ ! dispute4 ,footnote #dfb3 ,g5esis xxviii1 #ah4 ,footnote #dfc3 ,isaiah ii1 #c4 #bi4 ,b fir/ he make? ^u x ! five crosses1 ) ! oil ( ! sick1 accord+ to ! ,roman ord]2 b accord+ to ! use ( "s o!r ,*ur*es1 ) bo? sorts ( oil2 "o cross 9 ! middle1 & f\r at ! corn]s3 aft]w>ds1 he make? ! same numb] ( crosses 9 ! same way ) *rism4 #abg ,by ! oil assur$ly is und]/ood ! grace ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 ( :i* sai? ,esaias ! ,prophet1 ',! yoke %all be de/roy$ because ( ! ano9t+4' ,footnote #dfd ,= z ! bi%op p\re? oil ^u ! alt>1 s ,*ri/1 :o is ! ,*ief ,high ,prie/1 p\re? ,8 grace ^u our alt>1 :i* is our he>t3 = ,he is ! di/ributor ( all graces ?r\gh ! ,holy ,gho/1 z sai? ! ,apo/le1 ',to "o is giv5 ! ^w ( wisdom1 to ano!r ! ^w ( k1 to ano!r fai?1 to ano!r ! gift ( heal+1' etc4 ,footnote #dfe ,& j z ! bi%op1 by means ( oil1 cleanse? ! table ( ! alt>1 s also clo? ! ,holy ,gho/ purify our he>t f all vices & s9s4 ,footnote #dfd3 ,isaiah x1 #bg4 ,footnote #dfe3 ,i ,cor9?ians xii1 #h4 #cj4 ,*ri/ also 0 ano9t$ ) oil1 n ) visible oil inde$1 b ) invisible2 t is ) ! grace ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,:5ce ,david1 ',! ,"l ?y ,god ha? ano9t$ !e ) ! oil ( gladness above ?y fell[s'2 ,footnote #dff t is above all ! sa9ts :o h be5 p>tak]s ( ,8 ,grace1 t is1 ,*ri/4 ,:5ce unction m express$ly agree? ) ,*ri/ 7! ,ano9t$ ,"o7 ?an ) o!rs1 because ,god ha? ano9t$ ,him above all o!rs to h ! fulness ( good ?+s1 & !re=e 8 "n is int]pret$ ',! ,ano9t$4' ,unction also ) oil signifie? m]cy1 accord+ to t say+ ( ! ,evangeli/1 ',ano9t ?y head ) oil1 & wa% ?y face'3 ,footnote #dfg because z oil is among fluids1 s is m]cy sup]ior among good works4 ,= :atev] liquid y p\r ^u oil1 yet x always swimme? at ! top4 ,( m]cy x is writt51 ',! ,"l is lov+ unto e man1 & ,8 m]cy is ov] all ,8 works1' ,footnote #dfh & ',m]cy rejoice? aga9/ judgm5t4' ,footnote #dfi ,) ?is oil1 !re=e1 is ! #abh alt> ( our 'he>t ano9t$1 t be+ always m9dful ( m]cy1 we may nev] lose ! effect ( ! asp]sion ( wat]1 & ( reg5]ation & ( baptism4 ,footnote #dff3 ,psalm xlv 7,eructavit cor meum71 #h4 ,footnote #dfg3 ,s4 ,mat!w vi1 #ag4 ,footnote #dfh3 ,psalm cxlv 7,exaltabo te ,deus71 #i4 ,footnote #dfi3 ,s4 ,james ii1 #ac4 #ca4 ,! five crosses made ) ! oil signify t we ought always to h a remembrance ( ! five w\nds ( ,*ri/1 :i* ,he suff]$ = our sakes ^u ! ,cross4 ,= ,he suff]$ five w\nds2 namely1 9 ,8 h&s1 ,8 feet1 & 9 ,8 side4 #cb4 ,!y d5ote fur!r ! five feel+s ( pity :i* be necess>y = u4 ,= x is necess>y = a man to pity ,*ri/1 by sympa?is+ 9 ,8 ,passion3 :5ce ,job1 9 ! p]son ( ,*ri/1 sai?1 ',pity me1 pity me1' etc4 ,footnote #dgj ,a man mu/ also pity 8 neighb\rs ^: calamities he see?2 :5ce 9 ,ecclesia/icus1 ',! pity ( a man t[>ds 8 neighb\r4' ,footnote #dga ,& a man mu/ pity himself3 & ?is 9 ?ree ways2 namely1 = ! s9s ( commission1 by bewail+ !m2 :5ce ,j]emiah1 ',!re is no "o :o ha? p5it5ce = 8 s91 say+1 ,:at h ,i done8' ,footnote #dgb --= 8 s9s ( omission3 :5ce ,isaiah1 ',woe is me1 = ,i h held my peace1' ,footnote #dgc t is1 = ,i h n spok52 z if he %\ld say1 ,= ,i h omitt$ ! good t ,i might h done3--& = good de$s done = less pure motives2 :5ce ,s4 ,luke sai?1 ',:5 we h done all good de$s1 we mu/ say t we are unpr(itable s]vants1' etc42 ,footnote #dgd z if we %\ld say1 ,we h done good1 b n well1 n purely1 & !re=e we h done x unpr(itably2 j z anyone giv+ alms = va9 glory do? good inde$1 b n well & n purely4 ,( ?is ?reefold compassion x is said 9 ,ecclesia/icus1 ',h pity on ?y s\l & please ,god2' ,footnote #dge because true compassion ( m9d ought to coexi/ ) ! exhibition ( good works4 #abi ,:]e=e ! crosses be twice made2 ! fir/ "t ( oil1 ! second ( *rism3 :5ce ! ,psalm1 ',a good man is m]ciful & l5de?'2 ,footnote #dgf t is1 pitie? 9 m9d1 & l5de? 9 de$4 ,& s9ce x suffice? n to h compassion 9 m9d toge!r ) ! exhibition ( good de$s1 )\t ! sav\r ( a good report1 accord+ to t say+ ( ! gospel1 ',let y\r light s %9e be=e m5 t !y may glorify ,god'2 ,footnote #dgg !re=e ! crosses be made ) *rism1 :i* consi/e? ( balsam & oil4 ,footnote #dgj3 ,job xix1 #ba4 ,footnote #dga3 ,eccles4 xviii1 #ab--,vulgate4 ,footnote #dgb3 ,j]emiah viii1 #f4 ,footnote #dgc3 ,isaiah vi1 #e--,vulgate4 ,footnote #dgd3 ,s4 ,luke xvii1 #aj4 ,footnote #dge3 ,eccles4 xxx1 #bd--,vulgate4 ,footnote #dgf3 ,psalm cxii 7,beatus vir71 #e4 ,footnote #dgg3 ,s4 ,mat!w v4 #af4 #cc4 ,balsam inde$1 on acc\nt ( its good od\r1 signifie? good report2 oil1 on acc\nt ( its brightness1 signifie? ! cle>ness ( consci5ce :i* we ought to h3 accord+ to ! say+ ( ! ,apo/le1 ',our rejoic+ is ?is1 ! te/imony ( our consci5ce4' ,footnote #dgh ,aga91 balsam is prop]ly conjo9$ ) oil1 because good report is add$ to m]cifulness4 ,footnote #dgh3 #b ,cor9?ians i1 #ab4 #cd4 ,aga91 by ! five crosses made ( oil & ( *rism ! five s5ses ( our body be und]/ood1 :i* are d\bl$ & made into t51 because by prop]ly us+ ! s5ses ( our body1 we bo? keep ourselves1 & confirm o!rs by our example & tea*+ 9 well-do+4 ,:5ce t good trad] boa/$1 say+1 ',behold ,i h ga9$ five m tal5ts4' ,footnote #dgi ,b :il/ ^! ano9t+s are go+ on1 !y *ant1 ',! ,"l ?y ,god ha? ano9t$ !e1' ,footnote #dhj :i* 0 said ( ,*ri/4 ,footnote #dgi3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxv1 #bj4 ,footnote #dhj3 ,hebrews i1 #i4 ,! alt> !re=e is ano9t$ ?ree times2 twice ) oil1 & once ) *rism2 because ! ,*ur* is m>k$ by ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,*>ity1 :i* la/ is great] ?an ! o!rs4 ,& :ile ! *rism is us$ !y *ant1 ',see ! smell ( my son is z ! smell ( a field4' ,footnote #dha ,?is field is ! ,*ur*1 :i* is v]dant ) fl[]s1 :i* %9e? 9 virtues1 :i* is fragrant ) good works2 #acj & :]e9 be ! roses ( m>tyrs1 ! lilies ( virg9s1 ! violets ( confessors1 & ! v]dure ( beg9n]s 9 ! fai?4 ,aft] ! unction !re is inc5se burnt1 :i* signifie? ! devotion ( pray]4 ,= he t ha? ! sev5 gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & is made l unto ,god1 is able to (f] unto ,him dev\t pray]1 ( :i* he ha? ?is similitude4 ,footnote #dha3 ,g5esis xxvii1 #bg4 #ce4 ,x is burnt 9 five places1 namely1 at ! f\r corn]s & 9 ! middle1 because we ought s to ex]cise ! five s5ses ( ! body t ! report ( our good works may ext5d to our neighb\rs4 ,( :i* sai? ! ,apo/le1 ',we are ! sweet sav\r ( ,*ri/ 9 e place4' ,footnote #dhb ,& 9 ! ,gospel1 ',let y\r light s %9e be=e m51' etc4 ,besides ?is1 ! frequ5t use ( inc5se is ! cont9ual m$iation ( ,*ri/ ! ,prie/1 & our ,high ,prie/1 = u unto ,god ! ,fa!r4 ,footnote #dhb3 #b ,cor9?ians1 ii1 #ae4 #cf4 ,to describe a cross ) ! inc5se1 is to exhibit ,8 ,passion to ! ,fa!r & ,him int]c$+ = u4 ,! burn+ inc5se pl5te\sly 9 ! middle & at ! corn]s is to multiply pray]s ?r\gh ,j]usalem & 9 ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 #cg4 ,next to ?is ! bi%op confirme? ! alt> ) ! sign ( ! cross1 say+1 ',confirm ?is alt>1 ,o ,"l1' etc4 ,& ?is confirmation p]=m$ by ! bi%op ) *rism on ! front ( ! /one1 signifie? ! confirmation :i* is p]=m$ daily by ! ,holy ,_s1 ?r\gh *>ity1 ^u ! alt> ( ! he>t1 s t no tribulation %\ld avail to sep>ate our he>t f ! love ( ,god3 :5ce sai? ! ,apo/le1 ',:o %all sep>ate u f ! love ( ,*ri/8 %all tribulation8' etc4' ,footnote #dhc ,!n !re is add$ ! ,gloria ,patri 9 praise ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,footnote #dhc3 ,romans viii1 #ce4 #aca #ch4 ,! la/ b5$iction ( ! alt> signifie? t f9al b5$iction :5 x %all be said1 ',come1 ye bless$ ( my ,fa!r1' etc4 ,footnote #dhd ,aft]w>ds ! alt> is wip$ ov] ) a :ite l95 clo?1 to notify t we ought to cleanse our he>t by *a/ity ( life4 ,!n ! vessels1 ve/m5ts1 & l95 clo?s1 devot$ to ! div9e wor%ip are bless$4 ,= ,moses also dur+ ! =ty days 0 in/ruct$ by ! ,"l to provide l95 clo?s & ! ornam5ts necess>y = ! ,temple4 ,footnote #dhd3 ,s4 ,mat!w xx1 #cd4 #ci4 ,assur$ly1 ?us to bless ! ut5sils is to ref] all our works unto ! ,"l4 ,aft] ?is1 ! alt> is cov]$ ) :ite & clean clo?s3 conc]n+ :i* c]emony we h spok5 "u ! head ( ! ,alt>4 ,la/ly1 ! *ur* is ornam5t$ & ! lamps are light$3 = !n %all ! works ( ! j %9e =?1 ',!n %all ! j %9e1 z sp>ks run swiftly among ! /ubble4' ,footnote #dhe ,& !n ^u ! alt>1 consecrat$ aft] ?is ord]1 ! ,mass is celebrat$ & ! sacrifice (f]$ unto ! ,mo/ ,highe/3 t sacrifice1 namely1 ( :i* ! ,prophet speake?1 ',! sacrifices ( ,god are a brok5 _s2 a brok5 & a contrite he>t1 ,o ,god1 ,?\ wilt n despise'3 ,footnote #dhf z %all be decl>$ 9 ! introduction to ! f\r? book4 ,footnote #dhg ,= consecration ought n to be p]=m$ )\t a ,mass1 accord+ to ,pope ,gelasius1 ,footnote #dhh because !n !re is reveal$ a sacram5t1 :i* ha? be5 hidd5 f ! angels ev5 f ! beg9n+4 ,footnote #dhe3 ,wisdom iii1 #g4 ,footnote #dhf3 ,psalm li 7,mis]]e mei ,deus74 #ag4 ,footnote #dhg3 ,! bless$ ,b]n>d sai?1 ,my bre?r51 let u 9 sacrific+ add ! sacrifice ( praise unto our words1 let u add s5se to s5se1 affection unto affection1 exaltation unto exaltation1 maturity unto maturity1 & humility unto humility4 ,:]e=e1 he t is ab\t to celebrate mu/ (f] unto ! ,highe/ t sacrifice ( :i* ! ,psalmi/ speake?1 ',! sacrifices ( ,god are a tr\bl$ _s4' ,& aga91 ',(f] unto ,god ! sacrifice ( ?anksgiv+4' ,& ! ,apo/le1 ',pres5t y\r bodies a liv+ sacrifice holy acceptable unto ,god :i* is y\r reasonable s]vice1 mortify+ ^u ! alt> ( y\r he>t y\r memb]s :i* are ^u ! e>?2 =nication1 uncleanness1 inord9ate affection1 evil concupisc5ce1 & covet\sness1 :i* is idolatry'2 9 ord] to sacrifice y\rselves ) a pure he>t & *a/e body unto ,god4--,proem1 lib4 iv1 #ag4 ,footnote #dhh3 ,quot$ also 9 ! ,decretal ,de ,consecrat4 ,di/9ct4 ,i4 #acb ,& obs]ve1 t 9 ! asp]sion ( ! *ur* ! bi%op use? only ! l95 & inf]ior ve/m5ts3 b at ! ,mass he is adorn$ ) pontifical & preci\s ve/m5ts1 because ! high prie/ 9 ! law us$ to expiate ! sanctu>y 9 a l95 ephod1 & aft]w>ds us$ to (f] ! ram = ! burnt (f]+ be+ wa%$ & array$ 9 ! high prie/'s ve/m5ts4 ,b because he us$ to s5d =? ! scapegoat aft] ! expiation be+ clo!d 9 ! same l95 ephod1 on ?is acc\nt "s1 9 ! consecration ( fonts & imm]sion ( ! cate*um5s :]e _! s9s are transf]r$1 d use ! simple l95 ve/m5ts4 #acc ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,( ,,consecrations ,,& ,,unctions ,( ,*rism--,( ! "n ,*ri/1 & ( ,*ri/ians--,! ,h]esy ( ! ,arnaldi/ae--,! ,ano9t+ ( ,prie/s--,( ,bi%ops--,( ,k+s--,( ! ,consecration ( ,*alices & ,pat5s--,( ,extreme ,unction--,( ! ,b5$iction ( ,*ur* ,ornam5ts4 #a4 ,we read t ! ,"l comm&$ ,moses ,footnote #dhi to make a *rism1 ) :i* ungu5t to ano9t ! tab]nacle at ! "t ( ! d$ication1 & ! ark ( ! te/imony1 & ! table1 toge!r ) ! vessels2 & ) :i* also ! prie/s & k+s %\ld be ano9t$4 ,yet ,moses himself is n said to h be5 ano9t$1 except ) a spiritual unction1 z also 0 ,*ri/4 ,footnote #dhi3 ,exodus xxx1 #bb4 #b4 ,*ri/ ha? will$ t we %\ld be ano9t$ ) a mat]ial unction 9 ord] t we may by x obta9 ! spiritual unction3 & on ?is acc\nt our lov+ ,"m1 ! ,*ur*1 provide? diff]5t sorts ( unction4 ,^u :i* let u "h t\* lightly1 ,say+-- ,i4 ,:at unctions ( ?is sort signify4 ,,ii4 ,( :at !y be made4 ,,iii4 ,( ! unction be=e baptism4 ,,iv4 ,( ! unction aft] baptism1 :i* is p]=m$ by ! bi%op on ! =ehead4 ,v4 ,( ! unction 9 ord9ation4 #acd ,,vi4 ,( ! unction 9 consecrat+ bi%ops & pr9ces4 ,,vii4 ,( ! unction ( a *ur*1 alt>1 *alice1 & o!r ecclesia/ical in/rum5ts4 ,,viii4 ,( extreme unction4 ,,ix4 ,( ! consecration & b5$iction ( a cemet]y1 ve/m5ts1 & o!r ecclesia/ical ornam5ts4 ,x4 ,( ! consecration & b5$iction ( virg9s4 #c4 ,fir/ly2 ) respect to ! fir/1 !n1 x is to be not$ t !re be two k9ds ( unction3 an ext]nal1 :i* is mat]ial or corporeal1 & visible2 & an int]nal1 :i* is spiritual & invisible4 ,! body is ano9t$ visibly ) ! ext]nal unction2 ! he>t invisibly by ! int]nal4 ,( ! fir/1 ! ,apo/le ,s4 ,james sai?1 ',is any sick among y8 ,let him call = ! eld]s ( ! ,*ur*2 & let !m pray ov] him1 ano9t+ him ) oil 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l2 & ! pray] ( fai? %all save ! sick4' ,footnote #dij ,( ! second ! ,apo/le ,s4 ,john sai?1 ',b ! ano9t+ :i* ye h receiv$ ( ,him abide? 9 y1 & ye ne$ n t any man tea* y3 b ! same ano9t+ tea*e? y ( all ?+s4' ,footnote #dia ,! ext]nal unction is a sign ( ! int]nal4 ,b ! int]nal is n only a sign1 t is a ?+ signifi$1 b a sacram5t also2 because if x be wor?ily receiv$1 x ei!r effecte?1 or )\t d\bt increase?1 t :i* x do? signify--= in/ance1 heal+3 accord+ to ! say+1 ',!y %all lay _! h&s ^u ! sick1 & !y %all be heal$4' ,footnote #dib ,footnote #dij3 ,s4 ,james v1 #ad4 ,footnote #dia3 ,i ,s4 ,john ii1 #bg4 ,footnote #dib3 ,see ,acts xxviii1 #h4 ,secondly2 ) respect to ! second po9t1 y mu/ "k t 9 mak+ use ( ! ext]nal & visible unction1 two sorts ( oil are consecrat$3 namely1 holy oil1 or ! oil ( ! cate*um5s1 ) :i* cate*um5s are ano9t$2 & ! oil ( ! sick1 ) :i* ! sick are ano9t$4 ,( :i* k9d ( unction ! au?ority ( ,s4 ,james quot$ above do? speak1 ',is any sick among y1' etc4 #ace ,b 9 :at way ! b5$iction ( ^! two sorts ( oil & ( *rism is p]=m$ w be decl>$ 9 ! six? book 9 ! *apt] ^u ! ,fif? ,day ( ! ,holy ,week4 ,footnote #dic ,footnote #dic3 ,x has n be5 ?\ght necess>y to translate ! passages ref]r$ to4 #d4 ,b is x ask$ :y ! sick & ! cate*um5s are ano9t$ ) oil8 ,i answ]1 9 ord] t ! invisible b5efits may be m easily receiv$ ?r\gh ! visible signs3 = z oil by expell+ weakness refre%e? ! we>i$ limbs1 & z x f its own natural qualities af=de? light1 s x is to be believ$ t unction ) consecrat$ oil1 ! :i* is a type ( fai? expell+ s91 do? imp>t heal? to ! s\l & do? af=d x light4 ,h]e9 ! visible oil is 9 ! outw>d sign1 ! invisible oil 9 ! inw>d sacram5t2 & ! spiritual oil is )94 ,= ! oil ( ! sick we h receiv$ au?ority f ! apo/les2 = ! oil ( ! cate*um5s f apo/olical m54 #e4 ,& al?\gh ,god c grant ! spiritual oil )\t ! mat]ial1 yet because ! apo/les h us$ ?is rite 9 ! case ( ! sick1 & apo/olical m5 9 ! case ( cate*um5s1 ?is practice :i* _! au?ority ha? consecrat$ _c be omitt$ )\t s9 7z ha? be5 said 9 ! *apt] ^u ! ,alt>73 j z anci5tly ! j pleas$ ,god )\t circumcision2 b aft] x _h be5 enjo9$ !m to be circumcis$1 su* z omitt$ ?is rite 7 subject$ to s94 ,?irdly2 we h to speak ( ! unction be=e baptism4 ,& inde$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t n only k+s & prie/s be ano9t$1 z ha? be5 already said1 b also--7because ,*ri/ by ,8 ,blood ha? made u k+s & prie/s1 t is1 royal prie/s1 unto our ,god1 z ! #acf ,apo/le ,s4 ,pet] sai?1 ,footnote #did ',ye are a *os5 g5]ation1' t is1 *os5 out f ! tribes ( m51 'a royal prie/hood1' t is1 gov]n+ y\rselves well7--also1 ,i say1 all ,*ri/ians be ano9t$ twice be=e _! baptism ) consecrat$ oil--fir/1 on ! brea/3 secondly1 betwe5 ! %\ld]s3 & twice aft] _! baptism1 ) holy *rism--fir/1 on ! cr[n ( ! head2 & secondly1 by ! bi%op on ! =ehead4 ,footnote #did3 ,i ,s4 ,pet] ii1 #i4 #f4 ,&1 accord+ to ,augu/9e1 ! fir/ ?ree unctions h be5 introduc$ r by use ?an by any writt5 au?ority4 ,! c&idate = baptism is ano9t$ ) oil--fir/1 on ! brea/1 9 :i* is ! locality ( ! he>t2 fir/1 9 ord] t by ! gift ( ! ,holy ,gho/ he may ca/ away error & ignorance & embrace a "r fai?2 because '! j live? by fai?1' ,footnote #die & ') ! he>t we believe unto ju/ification4' ,footnote #dif ,b he is ano9t$ betwe5 ! %\ld]s1 9 ord] t he may1 by ! grace ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 %ake (f indiff]5ce & slo?1 & practise good works 7because 'fai? )\t works is dead'71' ,footnote #dig s t by means ( sacram5ts ( fai? !re may result a purity ( ?\ghts4 ,on ! brea/1 aga91 t by ! practis+ ( good works !re may arise a boldness ( lab\r3 betwe5 ! %\ld]s1 to ! end t 'fai? 7accord+ to ! ,apo/le7 may "w by love4' ,footnote #dih ,! oil !re=e is c>ri$ ov] f ! he>t to ! %\ld]s1 s9ce fai?1 :i* is conceiv$ 9 ! m9d1 is p]fect$ 9 works 7because1 t is1 fai? consi/e? 9 mak+ our de$s l our words74 ,footnote #dii ,b ! p]son aft] baptism is ano9t$ by ! prie/ on ! head ) *rism1 t 'he may be ready always to give an answ] to e man t aske? him a reason = ! fai? t is 9 him1' ,footnote #ejj because by #acg ! head is und]/ood ! m9d3 z x is writt51 ',! eyes1' t is ! und]/&+1 '( ! wise are 9 8 head1' ,footnote #eja t is1 8 m9d2 ( :i* m9d1 ! sup]ior "p is reason & ! inf]ior s5suality4 ,h5ce1 by ! cr[n1 :i* is ! upp] "p ( ! head1 is well repres5t$ reason1 :i* is ! sup]ior "p ( ! m9d4 ,( ?is we %all speak 9 ! six? book also1 "u ! head ( ,ea/] ,eve1 9 :i* confirmation is treat$ (4 ,footnote #ejb ,b ?is is ! reason t be=e baptism "o is ano9t$ ) consecrat$ oil1 & aft] baptism ) holy *rism2 because *rism is compet5t to a ,*ri/ian alone4 ,footnote #die3 ,habakkuk ii1 #d4 ,footnote #dif3 ,romans x1 #aj4 ,footnote #dig3 ,s4 ,james ii1 #bf4 ,footnote #dih3 ,gal4 v1 #f4 ,footnote #dii3 ,?is clause does n occur 9 ! ,pr9ceps ,edition4 ,footnote #ejj3 ,s4 ,pet] iii1 #ae4 ,footnote #eja3 ,ecclesia/icus ii1 #ad4 ,footnote #ejb3 ,! passage ref]r$ to speaks ( ! div]se graces conf]r$ by ! sev]al unctions1 & does n illu/rate our m p>ticul> object4 #g4 ,= ,*ri/ is s nam$ f *rism1 or r *rism is s call$ f ,*ri/1 n accord+ to ! =m ( ! "n only1 b accord+ to ! rational ord] ( fai?4 ,= ,*ri/ians are call$ f ,*ri/1 z ! ano9t$ w\ld be d]iv$ f ! ,ano9t$ ,"o1 namely1 ,*ri/2 s t all may unite 9 ! od\r ( t ungu5t1 namely1 ,*ri/1 ,^: "n is z oil p\r$ out3 b accord+ to ! p[] ( ! ^w1 ,*ri/ians are call$ s f *rism1 accord+ to ,isidorus4 ,footnote #ejc ,?is subject is treat$ 9 ! introduction to ! second book4 ,footnote #ejd ,footnote #ejc3 ',= ,*ri/ is nam$ ( *rism1 & meane? ! ,ano9t$ ,"o4 ,= x 0 comm&$ ! ,jews to make a holy ungu5t = su* z 7 call$ unto ! prie/hood or ! k+dom3 & z n[ ! ve/m5t ( purple is unto k+s ! m>k ( k+ly p[]1 s ^u ^! did ! unction ) sacr$ ungu5t be/[ ! "n & k+ly p[]3 & h5ce 7 !y call$ ,*ri/i1 f *rism1 :i* is unction4 ,= *risma 9 ,greek is unctio 9 ,lat94 ,& ?is unction did aptly give ?is "n unto our ,"l1 because ,he 0 ano9t$ ( ! ,fa!r by ! ,_s1 z is said 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 ,aga9/ ,?y ,holy ,*ild ,jesus1 ,:om ,?\ ha/ ano9t$1 7 !y ga!r$ toge!r3 n1 t is1 ) visible oil1 b ) ! gift ( grace1 :i* is d5ot$ by ! visible oil4' ,s4 ,isidore ( ,seville1 ,orig4 vii1 #b4 ,see also ,orig4 vii1 #d1 & ,de ,(f4 ,ecc4 i1 #a4 ,footnote #ejd3 ',*ri/ians be nam$ f ,*ri/1 & ,*ri/ f *rism1 be+ ano9t$4 ,= ,he 0 ano9t$ by ,god f ! beg9n+ ) ! oil ( gladness above ,8 fell[s4 ,9 ! ,old ,te/am5t prie/s & k+s be call$ ,*ri/s 7or ,ano9t$71 because !y 7 ano9t$ ) a temporal unction4 ,z x is writt51 ,t\* n my ,*ri/s 7i4e4 m9e ano9t$74 ,:]e=e1 ,*ri/ is n a peculi> "n ( our ,savi\r1 b is a common appellation ( dignity4 ,b ! "n ,jesus is peculi> to ! p]son ( our ,savi\r alone1 & 0 giv5 ,him1 z ! ,evangeli/ do? te/ify by ! angel1 ,gabriel1 at ! ,conception1 & by m5 at ,8 ,circumcision4'--,dur&4 loco cit4 ,?is w expla9 ! reason1 to _m p]sons s puzzl+1 :y x is only to ! "n ( ,jesus t our ,*ur*1 aft] ! ,apo/le1 comm&s due obeisance to be made3 & w reprove ! errone\s1 ?\gh pi\s1 zeal :i* makes s _m ( ! poor ev5 n[ b[ at ! o!r names ( our ,bless$ ,"l4 #ach #h4 ,aga91 accord+ to ,augu/9e1 ! fir/ unction ) oil %[e? u to be prep>$ fully to he> ! fai?1 & call$ to ! sweet od\r ( ,*ri/1 & w>n$ to r5\nce ! devil4 ,! second unction1 accord+ to ,rabanus1 is ^u ! brea/ & betwe5 ! %\ld]s1 t we may be =tifi$ on bo? sides by fai?1 & confirm$ by ! grace ( ,god = ! p]=mance ( good works4 ,= by ! brea/ is rightly und]/ood ! virtue ( fai?3 b by ! %\ld]s--^u :i* any burd5 is borne--! /r5g? & work+ ( a man3 accord+ to t say+1 ',!y b9d heavy burd5s & lay !m on ! %\ld]s ( m51' etc4 ,footnote #eje ,a man is ano9t$ !re=e on ! brea/ & betwe5 ! %\ld]s1 t bo? 9 ?\ght & de$ he may rel9qui% ! works ( ! devil1 & become capable ( und]/&+ ! ,^w ( ,god1 & /rong en\gh to be> its yoke & ! burd5 ( ! law4 ,footnote #eje3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxiii1 #d4 #i4 ,b ! unction ^u ! cr[n1 t is ! top "p ( ! head ov] ! bra91 is p]=m$ accord+ to ! same au?ority 9 ord] t he :o is s ano9t$ may become a p>tak] ( ! heav5ly k+dom3 & because ! s\l ( ! baptis$ p]son is esp\s$ unto ! ,head1 t is ,*ri/1 !re=e ?is unction is made ) *rism1 comp\nd$ ( oil & balsam1 9 ord] t we may "k t ! ,holy ,gho/1 ,:o worke? invisibly1 is giv5 unto him3 = oil1 z we said above1 *]i%e? ! we>i$ limbs & af=de? light4 #aci ,b balsam give? x a sweet od\r4 ,if s be ! limbs ( ! s\l be we>i$1 :5 x rep5te? ( hav+ act$ 9 opposition to ,god1 ! ,holy ,gho/ come? to x1 giv+ light to its und]/&+ & %[+ x t its s9s are1 or may be1 =giv51 & be/[+ on x good works :i* brea! out a sweet od\r among/ o!rs3 all :i* is d5ot$ by ! fragrant balsam4 ,also because ! seat ( high-m9d$ness1 :i* accord+ to ! "n is always seek+ high] ?+s1 appe>s to exi/ 9 ! head1 !re=e ! unction on ?is "p is rightly p]=m$ 9 ! =m ( ! cross & 9 tok5 ( humility4 #aj4 ,pope ,sylve/] appo9t$ t ?is unction might be adm9i/]$ by prie/s ^u occasion ( dea?3 :5ce x is likely t be=e 8 "t ,footnote #ejf ! ano9t+ bo? ( ! cr[n ( ! head & ( ! =ehead 0 res]v$ = ! bi%op4 ,= :5 ! bosom ( ! ,*ur* 0 ext5d$1 & bi%ops c\ld no long] be at h& = ea* individual 9 confirmation1 he !n ord]$1 le/ any %\ld p]i% )\t ! unction ( *rism1 t all %\ld be ano9t$ on ! cr[n ( ! head ov] ! bra91 :i* is ! seat ( wisdom1 at ! h&s ( a prie/1 = ! increas+ ( /r5g? & grace4 ,:5ce if aft]w>ds !y %\ld h di$1 sai? ,ri*>d 7( ,cremona71 !y %all receive an increase ( grace & glory4 ,footnote #ejf3 ,s4 ,sylve/] 0 ! contempor>y ( ,con/ant9e4 ,circa ,a4,d4 #cbe4 #aa4 ,yet nev]!less we believe t a man may be sav$ by baptism alone ev5 )\t ! unction1 & t ! ,holy ,gho/ is giv5 )\t ! lay+ on ( h&s to su* z ,god may w1 z we read 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les4 #adj #ab4 ,yet ! fai?less h]etics1 ! ,arnaldi/ae1 ,footnote #ejg ass]t t m5 nev] receive ! ,holy ,gho/ ?r\gh ! baptism ( wat]2 & t ,sam>itans :o 7 baptis$ did n receive ,him until !y receiv$ ! lay+ on ( h&s4 ,bo? ^! unctions are adm9i/]$1 accord+ to ,rabanus1 9 ! =m ( ! cross1 t ! devil1 ^: vessel ! p]son is1 recognis+ ! sign ( 8 own discomfiture1 ! sign ( ! ,holy ,cross1 may "k t f t mom5t ! vessel is ,ano!r's1 be+ ali5at$ f him4 ,footnote #ejg3 ,our au?or m5tions ano!r h]esy ( ! ,arnaldi/ae 9 ! #ai? section ( ! proem ( book iv4 ,^! h]etics 7 ! foll[]s ( ,arnaldus de ,brixio 7( ,bresse71 a disciple ( ,abel>d4 ,8 op9ions 7 condemn$ 9 ! second ,g5]al ,lat]an ,c\ncil1 #aaci4--;,b>on4 ,sub4 ,anno4 tom4 xviii4 ,see also ,s4 ,b]n>d1 ,epi/4 #aie4 #ac4 ,accord+ to ! same writ] ! unction on ! brea/ is aft]w>ds adm9i/]$ ) invocation ( ! ,tr9ity1 9 ord] t no rema9s ( ! hidd5 enemy may abide !re91 b ! m9d be com=t$ 9 ! fai? ( ! ,holy ,tr9ity1 & receive & und]/& ! comm&m5ts ( ,god4 ,!re=e ea* ( ! fai?ful is ano9t$ fir/ twice ) oil1 next 9 l mann] twice ) *rism4 ,fir/ 9 baptism on ! cr[n ( ! head3 secondly aft] baptism1 namely at confirmation1 on 8 =ehead3 because to ! apo/les also 0 ! ,holy ,gho/ twice giv51 z w be set =? 9 ! six? book on ,holy ,saturday4 ,footnote #ejh ,footnote #ejh3 ,x has n be5 judg$ necess>y to translate ! passages ref]r$ to1 = ! same reason z /at$ above 9 note #ac4 ,f\r?ly2 9 ! f\r? place we 7 to speak ( ! unction :i* is adm9i/]$ by ! bi%op on ! =ehead ( su* z h be5 baptis$3 b ( ?is we %all speak 9 ! same place4 ,footnote #eji ,footnote #eji3 ,x has n be5 judg$ necess>y to translate ! passages ref]r$ to1 = ! same reason z /at$ above 9 note #ac4 #ad4 ,fif?ly2 9 ! fif? place1 ) respect to ! unction ( ord9ation1 x is to be not$ t ! h&s ( ! prie/ are ano9t$ by ! bi%op1 t he may "k t he 9 ?is sacram5t do? receive by ! ,holy ,gho/ ! p[] & grace ( consecrat+4 ,:5ce ! bi%op1 :il/ ano9t+ !m1 sai?3 ',deign1 ,o ,"l1 by means ( ?is unction & our b5$iction to consecrate & sanctify ^! h&s1 t :atsoev] !y consecrate may be consecrat$1 & :atsoev] !y bless may be bless$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l4' #ada ,& = ?is cause dev\t m5 kiss ! h&s ( prie/s imm$iately aft] _! ord9ation1 believ+ by ?is to become p>tak]s ( _! pray]s & bless+s4 ,& ! ano9t+ is ) holy oil1 because !y ought to "w ) _! h&s ! works ( m]cy ) all _! might t[>ds all m53 = ! works are d5ot$ by ! h&s2 m]cy by ! oil4 ,:5ce ! good ,sam>itan com+ ne> to ! w\nd$ man p\r$ w9e & oil into 8 w\nds4 ,! h&s are ano9t$ ) oil also t !y may be supple = (f]+ ! ho/ unto ,god = ! s9s ( m51 & t !y may be op5 to all acts ( piety & n be kept dry & cl5*$4 ,= bo? ^! ?+s1 namely ! grace ( heal+ & ! *>ity ( lov+1 are d5ot$ by ! oil4 ,:]e=e fur!r ! lay+ on ( h&s1 toge!r ) oil ^u ! heads ( su* z be orda9$1 is done because by ! h&s ! op]ation1 by ! f+]s ! gifts1 ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & by ! head ! m9d1 be und]/ood4 ,! h& !n is laid on because x is s5t =? imbu$ ) ! gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ to p]=m ! works ( ,*ri/4 #ae4 ,six?ly1 ) respect to ! unction ( bi%ops & ( temporal pr9ces1 x is to be kn[n t ! =m] ha? d]iv$ its orig9 f ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,= 9 ! #ba/ *apt] ( ,leviticus ! high prie/ is said to be he '^u ^: head ! ano9t+ oil is p\r$1' ,footnote #eaj & ^: h&s 7 consecrat$ 9 prie/hood4 ,a bi%op1 h[ev]1 is ano9t$ ) *rism1 :i* 7z we said be=e7 is compos$ ( oil & balsam2 & he is ano9t$ !re) bo? outw>dly1 & inw>dly 9 8 he>t1 9 ord] t by ! inw>d oil he h a cle> consci5ce t[>ds ,god1 & by ! outw>d oil may h ! od\r ( good report t[>ds 8 neighb\r3 :i* is #adb d5ot$ by ! balsam4 ,! ,apo/le sai? ( a cle> consci5ce1 ',= our rejoic+ is ?is ! te/imony ( our consci5ce4' ,footnote #eaa ',= ! k+'s daught] is all glori\s )91' ,footnote #eab t is1 h] glory proce$e? f )94 ,conc]n+ ! od\r ( a good report ! same ,apo/le sai?1 ',= 9 e place we are unto ,god a sweet sav\r ( ,*ri/1' t is1 an example & imitation1 &1 'to "s we are ! sav\r ( life unto life1' etc41 ,footnote #eac z if he _h said1 we are an example ( love & a good op9ion lead+ unto et]nal life1 '& to o!rs a sav\r ( dea? unto dea?1' t is1 ( hatr$ & evil op9ion lead+ unto et]nal dea?4 ,footnote #eaj3 ,leviticus xxi1 #aj4 ,footnote #eaa3 #b ,cor9?ians i1 #ab4 ,footnote #eab3 ,psalm xlv 7,eructavit cor meum71 #ad4 ,footnote #eac3 #b ,cor9?ians ii1 #ae4 #af4 ,= a bi%op ought to h 9 himself 'a good report' bo? ( !m :i* are )9 & '!m :i* are )\t'2 ,footnote #ead s t "o curta91 t is1 ! fai?ful1 may draw on ! o!r curta91 t is1 ! unbeliev]1 namely1 unto belief2 ,footnote #eae & 'he t he>e?1' namely1 by le>n+ & believ+1 'say1 come1' ,footnote #eaf namely1 by prea*+ & tea*+4 ,) ?is ungu5t be ! head & h&s ( a bi%op consecrat$3 = by ! head is und]/ood ! m9d1 z ! gospel sai?1 'ano9t1' ,footnote #eag t is1 humble1 '?y head1 & wa% ?y face1' t is1 ?y consci5ce1 namely1 ) te>s3 by ! h&s be d5ot$ good works1 z is said 9 ! ,canticles1 'my h&s1' t is1 my good works1 'dropp$ ) myrrh1' t is1 gave to o!rs a good example4 ,footnote #eah ,footnote #ead3 ,i ,timo?y iii1 #g4 ,footnote #eae3 ,!re appe>s to be "h "s my/ical ref]5ce to ! c\pl+ ( ! curta9s ( ! tab]nacle4 ,see ,exod4 xxvi4 ,footnote #eaf3 ,apocalypse xxii1 #ag4 ,footnote #eag3 ,s4 ,mat!w vi1 #ag4 ,footnote #eah3 ,canticles v1 #e4 #ag4 ,! head1 !re=e1 is ano9t$ ) ! balsam ( *>ity1 7i7 ,t ! bi%op may love ,god ) 8 :ole he>t & ) 8 :ole m9d & :ole s\l1 & also1 aft] ! example ( ,*ri/1 'love 8 neighb\rs z1' t is1 z mu* z1 'himself4' ,= accord+ to #adc ,gregory1 oil on ! head is *>ity 9 ! s\l1 7ii7 ,secondly1 ! head is ano9t$ by reason ( au?ority & dignity2 s9ce n only bi%ops b also k+s are consecrat$4 7iii7 ,?irdly1 to %[ t a bi%op repres5te? ! p]son ( ,*ri/1 z be+ 8 vic>1 ( :om x is said by ! ,prophet1 'x is l ! preci\s o9tm5t ^u ! head4' ,footnote #eai ,= ! head ( man is ,*ri/1 ! head ( ,*ri/ is ,god3 ,:o sai? ( ,himself1 '! ,_s ( ! ,"l is ^u ,me1 because ,he ha? ano9t$ ,me to prea* ! gospel to ! poor4' ,footnote #ebj ,= ,*ri/1 our ,head1 0 ano9t$ ) ! invisible oil ,he int]c$e? = ! ,*ur* ,univ]sal1 a bi%op = t ,*ur* committ$ unto him4 ,footnote #eai3 ,psalm cxxxiii 7,ecce quani bonum71 #b4 ,footnote #ebj3 ,isaiah lxi1 #a4 #ah4 ,b 8 h&s also are ano9t$1 on acc\nt ( 8 my/]y & (fice2 & = ! ano9t+ ( ^!1 :i* d signify works1 is employ$ oil1 t is1 ! *rism ( piety & m]cy1 7i7 ,fir/1 9 ord] t ! bi%op may 'd good unto all m51 & especially unto !m t are ( ! h\sehold ( fai?1' ,footnote #eba 8 h&s %\ld be clos$ to none1 b be op5 to all2 accord+ to ! say+1 ',he ha? op5$ 8 h&s to ! poor1 & ext5d$ 8 arm to ! de/itute4' ,footnote #ebb ,a h& t is dri$ up1 t is av>ici\s1 t is t5aci\sly held cl5*$1 _c be op5$3 !re=e 8 h&s are ano9t$1 9 ord] t !y may be heal$ & op5$1 & may be/[ alms on ! indig5t4 7ii7 ,secondly1 to %[ t he ha? receiv$ ! p[] ( bless+ & consecrat+4 ,:5ce ! consecrat+ bi%op1 :5 he ano9te? !m1 sai?1 ',deign1 ,o ,"l1 to consecrate & sanctify ^! h&s1' & s =?1 z we quot$ above4 7iii7 ,t !y may be clean = (f]+ sacrifices = s9s4 ,& note1 t al?\gh a bi%op's h&s 7 ano9t$ ) oil be=eh& :5 he 0 orda9$ a prie/1 yet #add !y be aga9 ano9t$ ) *rism :5 he is consecrat$ a bi%op4 ,h]e9 by ! h&s are typifi$ good works2 by ! oil1 ! abundance ( ! ,holy ,gho/ ( grace2 by ! balsam1 :i* is mix$ ) ! oil 9 mak+ ! *rism1 ! sav\r ( good report2 z 9 ,ecclesia/icus1 ',my sweet od\r is z myrrh unmix$4' ,footnote #ebc ,:]e=e because 9 ! works ( bi%ops & o!r sup]iors !re ought to appe> m ?an 9 _! inf]iors ! gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ & ! sav\r ( good report2 accord+ to t say+1 ',= we are unto ,god a sweet sav\r ( ,*ri/'2 ,footnote #ebd = ev5 9 ! heav5ly hi]>*y ! sup]ior angels excel ! inf]ior 9 bless+s & grace2 h5ce1 !re=e1 at _! consecration z bi%ops _! h&s1 already ano9t$ ) oil1 are ) reason aga9 ano9t$ ) *rism4 ,footnote #eba3 ,galatians vi1 #aj4 ,footnote #ebb3 ,prov]bs xxxi1 #bj4 ,footnote #ebc3 ,ecclesia/icus xxiv1 #ae4 ,footnote #ebd3 #b ,cor9?ians ii1 #ae4 #ai4 ,! ?umb also is =tifi$ ) *rism1 t ! lay+ on ( ! ?umb may pr(it all m5 = salvation4 #bj4 ,fur!r1 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 n only 0 a prie/ ano9t$1 b also a k+ & prophet3 z we f9d 9 ! books ( ,k+s4 ,:5ce ! ,"l enjo9$ ,elias1 ',g return on ?y way to ! wild]ness ( ,damascus3 & :5 ?\ come/1 ano9t ,hazael to be k+ ov] ,syria2 & ,jehu ! son ( ,nim%i %alt ?\ ano9t to be k+ ov] ,israel2 & ,eli%a ! son ( ,%aphat ( ,abel-,meholah %alt ?\ ano9t to be prophet 9 ?y room4' ,footnote #ebe ,samuel also ano9t$ ,david to be k+4 ,b aft] t ,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 ',:om 7z we read 9 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les7 ,god ano9t$ ) ! ,holy ,gho/1 0 ano9t$ ) oil above 8 fell[s1 ,footnote #ebf ,:o is 7accord+ to ! ,apo/le7 '! ,head ( ! ,*ur*1 :i* is also ,8 body'2 ,footnote #ebg aft] ?is ! ano9t+ ( a sov]eign 0 transf]r$ f ! head to ! arm3 :5ce pr9ces s9ce ! "t ( ,*ri/ are n #ade ano9t$ on ! head b on ! arm1 or on ! %\ld]2 by :i* p>ts ( ! body k+ly p[] is aptly repres5t$1 z we read1 '& ! gov]nm5t 0 laid ^u 8 %\ld]'3 ,footnote #ebh to signify ! same1 ,samuel caus$ ! %\ld] to be laid be=e ,saul1 :5 he plac$ him at ! head ( ! table be=e ^? :o _h be5 bidd54 ,footnote #ebi ,b 9 ! case ( a bi%op ! sacram5tal ano9t+ is appli$ to ! head1 because 9 8 episcopal (fice he repres5te? ! ,head ( ! ,*ur*1 t is1 ,*ri/4 ,footnote #ebe3 ,i ,k+s xix1 #ae4 ,footnote #ebf3 ,see ,acts iv1 #bg1 & ,hebrews i1 #i4 ,footnote #ebg3 ,ephesians v1 #bc4 ,footnote #ebh3 ,isaiah ix1 #f4 ,footnote #ebi3 ,i ,samuel x1 #bd4 #ba4 ,!re is ?is diff]5ce1 !n1 betwe5 ! ano9t+ ( a bi%op & a pr9ce1 t ! head ( ! bi%op is consecrat$ ) *rism1 :ile ! arm ( ! pr9ce is ano9t$ ) oil3 to %[1 namely1 h[ great a diff]5ce !re is betwe5 ! au?ority ( a bi%op & ! p[] ( a pr9ce4 ,& obs]ve t1 z we read 9 ! gospel1 ,footnote #ecj a c]ta9 man call$ 8 s]vants & gave unto !m t5 tal5ts4 ,h]e9 ! call+ ( a s]vant is ! canonical election ( a bi%op1 :i* take? place accord+ to ! call+ ( ! ,"l ,:o call$ ,a>on4 ,a tal5t is giv5 to him1 :5 he :o ha? laid 8 h&s ^u him give? him ! text ( ! gospel1 say+1 ',g & prea*4' ,& ! bi%op himself1 accord+ to ! use ( "s *ur*es1 :5 fir/ he ent]e? 8 see1 c>rie? ! gospels 9 8 bosom1 %[+ 8 tal5t z if to trade ) x4 ,9 "s *ur*es also :5 ! ar*bi%op give? ! bi%op 8 pa/oral /aff1 he sai?1 ',g & prea*1' & he imm$iately blesse? ! p3 by :i* is repres5t$ t ,moses 0 s5t into ,egypt ) a rod4 ,footnote #ecj3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxv4 #adf #bb4 ,fur!rmore1 bi%ops on ! day ( _! consecration h be5 wont to ride on horses cov]$ ) :ite robes2 to repres5t t :i* we read 9 ! ,apocalypse1 ',! armies :i* are 9 heav5 foll[ him rid+ on :ite horses4' ,footnote #eca ,! armies :i* are 9 heav5 are good & j m5 & prelates1 :o z ^! heav5ly rid]s d daily foll[ ,god 9 all good works3 :o = ?is reason are said to be 9 heav51 because !y love & seek aft] heav5ly ?+s alone2 :5ce ! ,apo/le sai?1 ',our conv]sation is 9 heav54' ,footnote #ecb ,^! armies1 t is good & j m5 & prelates1 foll[ ,jesus1 :5soev] !y vanqui% vices 9 !mselves by discipl9e1 9 _! neighb\rs by admonition4 ,:5ce ,s4 ,james sai?1 ',he :i* conv]te? ! s9n] f ! error ( 8 way %all save a s\l f dea?1 & %all hide a multitude ( s9s4' ,footnote #ecc ,^! armies h :ite horses & *a/e bodies4 ,footnote #eca3 ,apocalypse xix1 #ad4 ,footnote #ecb3 ,philippians iii1 #bj4 ,footnote #ecc3 ,s4 ,james v1 #bj4 #bc4 ,! bodies ( good m5 are also call$ horses1 because1 j z horses are gov]n$ by ! w ( ! rid]1 s are ! bodies ( ! j rul$ accord+ to ! w ( ,*ri/4 ,^! horses ought to be :ite1 or cov]$ ) :ite trapp+s3 t is1 ! bodies ( j m5 & prelates ought to be *a/e & pure4 ,= if !y be n pure !y _c foll[ ,*ri/4 ,& ,s4 ,pet] sai?1 ',*ri/ also suff]$ = u1 leav+ u an example t we %\ld foll[ ,8 /eps1 :o did n s91 nei!r 0 guile f\nd 9 8 m\?4' ,footnote #ecd ,fur!r1 ! cl]gy ( ! holy ,roman ,*ur*1 by ! grant ( ! ,emp]or ,con/ant9e1 d ride ^u horses adorn$ ) trapp+s ( ! mo/ sn[y :ite4 ,on :at day a bi%op ought to be consecrat$1 & :y a copy ( ! gospels is put ^u 8 %\ld]s 9 consecration1 %all be decl>$ 9 ! second book1 "u ! *apt] ^u ,bi%ops4 ,footnote #ece ,footnote #ecd3 ,i ,s4 ,pet] ii1 #ba4 ,footnote #ece3 ,! consecration ( a bi%op1 9 ! :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ is pres5t unto su* z receive x wor?ily1 is adm9i/]$ always on ! ,"l's day1 & at ! ?ird h\r4 ,= bi%ops d obta9 ! (fice ( apo/les1 unto :om ! ,holy ,gho/ 0 giv5 on ! ,day ( ,p5teco/ & at ! ?ird h\r4 ,:5 a bi%op is to be orda9$1 ! suffragans ( ! prov9ce %\ld assemble ) _! metropolitan1 & two bi%ops place & hold a volume ( ! gospels above 8 head & neck1 or ^u 8 %\ld]s1 "o %$d+ ! b5$iction ov] him1 & ! re/1 su* z are pres5t1 t\*+ 8 head ) _! h&s4 ,?is book is held above 8 head2 fir/1 t ! ,"l may confirm ! gospel 9 8 he>t2 secondly1 t he may und]/& by ?is1 unto :at bur!n & lab\r he is subject$3 because ev]yone t is pre-em95t1 t is1 a prelate1 is m tr\bl$ ) griefs ?an rejoic$ ) hon\rs2 ?irdly1 to d5ote t he ought n to be backw>d to c>ry ) him ev]y:]e ! bur!n ( ! prea*+ ( ! gospel2 f\r?ly1 to admoni% him to submit himself m ?an ev] to ! yoke1 & to obey ! gospel4--,rationale1 ,book ,,ii1 c4 xi1 #f4 #adg ,sev5?ly1 we h to speak ( ! unction ( alt>s1 *alices1 & o!r in/rum5ts ( ! *ur*2 :i* accord+ to ! rule are ano9t$ at _! d$ication2 & ?is n only f ! comm& ( ! div9e law1 b also because ,moses 'spr9kl$ ) blood ! tab]nacle & all ! vessels ( ! m9i/ry1 & almo/ all ?+s are by ! law cleans$ ) blood2' ,footnote #ecf & also aga9 aft] ! example ( ,s4 ,sylve/]1 :o :5 he consecrat$ an alt> us$ to ano9t x ) *rism4 ,= ! ,"l comm&$ ,moses to make oil ( unction ) :i* to ano9t ! tab]nacle ( ! te/imony1 ! table1 ! ark ( ! cov5ant1 ! c&le/ick1 & o!r furniture z a=esaid4 ,:i* unctions are p]=m$ on ?+s t h n be5 ano9t$1 to %[ great] rev]5ce to !m & to be/[ m grace ^u !m4 ,& ( ^! unctions we h spok5 & %all aga9 speak 9 _! "r places4 ,b ! sacram5t ( unction ha? inde$ "s fur!r effect & mean+ bo? 9 ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t3 :5ce ! ,*ur* do? n ,judaize1 :5 %e obs]ve? ! unctions 9 h] sacram5ts1 z "s old writ]s1 :o "k nei!r ! ,scripture nor ! p[] ( ,god1 d falsely say4 ,( ! unctions ( ! *ur* & alt> we h spok5 "u _! own heads4 ,footnote #ecf3 ,hebrews ix1 #b4 #adh #bd4 ,fur!r ! pat5 is consecrat$ & ano9t$ = ! adm9i/ration ( ! body ( ,*ri/1 :o will$ to be sacrific$ ^u ! alt> ( ! cross = ! salvation ( all m54 ',almighty ,god also did ord] ! fl\r to be br\ght to ,8 ,alt> scatt]$ on gold5 & silv] pat5s4 ,! *alice also is consecrat$ & ano9t$1 t by ! grace ( ! ,holy ,gho/ x may be made a new sepul*re ( ! body & blood ( ,*ri/1 & !n ,he1 ,himself1 may deign to make x ov]fl[ ) 8 virtue1 z ,he made ! cup ( ,mel*iz$e*1 ,8 s]vant1 to fl[ ov]4 #be4 ,eigh?ly2 9 ! eigh? place we h to speak ( extreme unction1 :i* f ! in/itution ( ,pope ,felix ! ,f\r?1 & f ! comm& ( ! ,apo/le ,s4 ,james1 is adm9i/]$ unto su* z are at ! po9t to die4 ,conc]n+ :i* "s say t x is n s prop]ly a sacram5t z ! ano9t+ ( ! =ehead or any o!r "p ) *rism1 because 7z !y ass]t7 x may be repeat$ & s9ce !re is (f]$ a pray] ov] ! man2 a circum/ance :i* is n a condition ( a sacram5t4 ,?is unction also may be adm9i/]$ by a s+le prie/ if m _c be pres5t3 & by x v5ial s9s are remitt$1 accord+ to ,s4 ,james1 ',if any ri* among y1' etc41 z be=e1 '& if he h committ$ s9s !y %all be =giv5 him4' ,footnote #ecg ,& ?is unction is appli$ to div]s p>ts ( ! body or ! limbs1 = reasons :i* may be ga!r$ f ! pray]s !n us$2 & especially on ^? p>ts 9 :i* ! five s5ses *iefly reside1 t :atev] s9s ! ri* man may h committ$ by means ( ^! may be aboli%$ by virtue ( ?is unction4 ,conc]n+ "s o!r rules we ord9>ily read1 t ! p>ty to be ano9t$ mu/ be at ! lea/ eighte5 ye>s ( age1 & t he ought to be ano9t$ 9 sickness once only dur+ a ye>1 ?\gh he may be sick _m times1 & t no "o mu/ be ano9t$1 unless1 be+ 9 8 s5ses1 he %all h fir/ dem&$ x ei!r by words or signs3-- #adi & besides ?is1 t ! %\ld]s ought n to be ano9t$1 because !y 7 ano9t$ 9 baptism1 & t a confirm$ p]son ought n to be ano9t$ on 8 =ehead b on 8 temples1 & a prie/'s h&s ought to be ano9t$ on ! backs & n inside1 because !y 7 ano9t$ on ! inside at 8 ord9ation3--& t "o :o ha? be5 once ano9t$ by a bi%op ought n 9 respect to him to be fur!r ano9t$ by a prie/3--& t if a sick man :o ha? be5 ano9t$ %\ld recov]1 ! ano9t$ places %\ld be wa%$1 & ! wat] us$ be ?r[n into ! fire2 b %\ld he dep>t1 8 body ought n to be wa%$ because ( ! rec5t unction4 ,b if ! sick man be at ! po9t ( dea?1 he %\ld be imm$iately ano9t$ le/ he die )\t ! unction4 ,besides ?is1 "s p5it5ts1 & dy+ m51 put on sackclo? & lay !mselves d[n on a%es z we %all expla9 9 ! six? book1 :5 we speak ( ,a% ,w$nesday4 ,footnote #ech ,footnote #ecg3 ,s4 ,james v1 #bd4 ,footnote #ech3 ',on ?is day also a%es are bless$1 & scatt]$ ov] ! head 9 tok5 ( humiliation4 ,du/ ?\ art1 & unto du/ ?\ %alt return1 0 said unto ,adam 7,g54 iv74 ,& ,job rep5t$ 9 du/ & a%es 7,job xlii1 #f74 ,& ! ,"l sai?1 ,9 ! h\se ( ,aphrah 7m>g4 read du/7 roll ?yself 9 ! du/ 7,mic4 i #aj74 ,also 9 ,judi? we read1 ,! *ildr5 ( ,israel humbl$ !mselves 9 fa/+1 & du/ on _! heads 7,*ronicles iv74 ,& ,abraham sai?1 ,%all ,i speak unto ! ,"l1 :o am b du/ & a%es8 7,g54 #ah74 ,& ,mordecai put on sackclo? ) a%es 7,e/h] iv1 i74 ,& ! daught]s ( ,zion h ca/ a%es on _! heads 7,samuel iii74 ,h5ce1 we read 9 ! ,pontifical1 p5it5ts & ! dy+1 9 tok5 ( rep5tance & humility & t !y are du/ & a%es1 d pro/rate !mselves 9 a%es & put on sackclo?--an use drawn f ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,= we read 9 ,isaiah ! fifty-eigh?1 t p5it5ts d lie 9 sackclo? & a%es4 ,& ,hi]emiah sai? ! same 9 ! tw5ty-fif? *apt]1 ,wall[ y\rselves 9 ! a%es1 = ! days are accompli%$4 ,also 9 ! ?ird ( ,jonah1 ,! k+ ( ,n9evah put on sackclo? & sat 9 a%es4 ,also 9 ! ,lam5tations1 ,! virg9s ( ,j]usalem are clo!d 9 sackclo?4'--,rationale vi1 #bh1 #ah4 #aej #bf4 ,n9?ly1 a cemet]y1 :i* enjoye? ! same privileges z a *ur*1 is also consecrat$ & bless$2 j z ! ,"l bless$ by ! h&s ( 8 s]vants ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob1 ! l& b\ght = a burial gr\nd f ! sons ( ,ephron4 ,x is bless$ also 9 ord] t x may cease f t "t =w>d to be ! abode ( unclean spirits1 & t ! bodies ( ! fai?ful may !re9 re/ 9 peace until ! day ( judgm5t2 unless ! bodies ( paynims or infidels1 or ev5 ( excommunicate p]sons %\ld be buri$ !re1 until !y %all be ca/ out !nce4 #bg4 ,?is also is to be not$1 t ! palls ( ! alt>1 ! prie/ly ve/m5ts1 & ecclesia/ical ornam5ts ( ?is k9d are to be bless$4 ,= we h already read t ,moses1 by comm& ( ! ,"l1 consecrat$ ! tab]nacle ) div9e pray]s1 toge!r ) ! table & alt>1 & vessels & ut5sils = p]=m+ ! div9e wor%ip4 ,if !re=e ! ,jews1 :o s]v$ ! '%ad[ ( ! ,law & ( good ?+s to come1' ,footnote #eci did ?is1 h[ mu* ! m ought we to d x to :om ! tru? ha? be5 made kn[n by ,*ri/6 ,:5ce we read 9 ! la/ *apt] b "o ( ,exodus1 ',moses bless$ all ! vessels ( ! m9i/ry4' ,footnote #edj ,& %\ld an additional piece or a fr+e be atta*$ to x1 x is prov$ by ! te/imony ( "r t ! bless+ ne$ n on ?is acc\nt be repeat$4 ,b ! reason :y ^! ?+s & o!r l ?+s are consecrat$ is evid5tly ga!r$ f ! =ms ( bless+ !m4 ,( ! sacr$ ve/m5ts we %all speak 9 ! introduction to ! ?ird book4 ,footnote #eda ,& obs]ve3 ,t ! bless+ or consecration ( a *ur*1 & ( ve/m5ts1 & ( ecclesia/ical ornam5ts is n p]=m$ z if !y 7 capable ( receiv+ grace1 = !y are inanimate3 b ?is practice is introduc$1 because z m5 are1 s also are ^! ?+s1 by ! act ( bless+ & consecration r5d]$ suitable & fit = div9e wor%ip1 & are #aea made ( great] hol9ess4 ,:]eas on p]sons great] grace is be/[$ by unction & b5$iction4 ,b "s 9 ! b5$iction ( ornam5ts1 let fall _! h&s1 ( :i* we %all speak 9 ! second book "u ! head ( ! ,deacon4 ,footnote #edb ,footnote #eci3 ,hebrews x1 #a4 ,footnote #edj3 ,exodus xxxix4 ,footnote #eda3 ,! hi/ory1 use1 & symbolism ( ! sacr$ ve/m5ts w\ld !mselves require a volume to be fully illu/rat$4 ,footnote #edb3 ,obs]ve t :5 a p]son 9 confirmation is bless$ on ! =ehead1 & :5 salt1 & wat]1 & palls1 & ve/m5ts1 & ! l be consecrat$1 ! h&s are held ov] !m1 because !re is a c]ta9 virtue 9 consecrat$ h&s1 :i* is z x 7 /irr$ up :5 b5$iction is p\r$ out ov] any?+ ) ! h&s susp5d$ 9 ?is way4 ,:5ce ! ,apo/le admoni%+ 8 disciple ,timo?y1 sai?1 ,i put !e 9 remembrance t ?\ /ir up ! gift ( ,god1 :i* is 9 !e1 by ! lay+ on ( my h&s4 ,s t devotion may be /irr$ up 9 ! body by ! susp5sion ( h&s1 j z 9 ! he>t by ! effect4 ,= virtue exi/e? n only 9 animate ?+s1 b also 9 inanimate4 ,:5ce "s d affirm t by ! virtue ( a *ur*1 if anyone ent]e? !re9 f devotion1 8 v5ial s9s be =giv54 ,aga91 ! h&s are ?us held 9 cases ( exorcism especially1 z if ! prie/ by ! bodily act w\ld put to flight & ?reat5 ! devil by ! virtue ( ! consecration ( 8 h&s4'--,dur&us ii1 #i1 #af4 ,t5?ly1 we 7 to speak ( ! consecration ( ,virg9s1 b ( ?is we %all treat 9 ! preface to ! second book4 ,footnote #edc ,footnote #edc3 ,?is po9t is n suffici5tly connect$ ) our subject to ne$ illu/ration4 #aeb ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,( ,,! ,,sacram5ts ,,( ,,! ,,*ur* ,diff]5ce betwe5 a ,sacram5t & a ,my/]y--,di/9ction ( ,sacram5ts --,( ,matrimony--,( ! ,r+--,( ,second ,m>riages--,:y ,sacram5ts 7 ,in/itut$4 #a4 ,) respect to ! sacram5ts ( ! ,*ur*1 x is to be not$ t1 accord+ to ,gregory1 !re is a sacram5t 9 any celebration :5 an outw>d act is s p]=m$ z t we receive inw>dly "s degree ( ! ?+ signifi$2 ! :i* is to be receiv$ holily & wor?ily4 ,also a my/]y is t :i* ! ,holy ,gho/ worke? secretly1 & invisibly1 s z to sanctify by ,8 op]ation1 & bless by ,8 sanctification4 ,a my/]y is said to exi/ 9 sacram5ts2 a m9i/ry only 9 ornam5ts4 #b4 ,b1 accord+ to ,augu/9e1 a sacram5t is a visible sign ( an invisible grace4 ,aga91 a sacrifice is visible2 a sacram5t invisible4 ,aga91 ! same sign is a ?+ :i* br+e? "u cognisance "s ?+ diff]5t f itself ov] & above ! outw>d appe>ance :i* x pres5te? to ! s5ses4 #c4 ,a sacram5t is said also to be a sign ( a sacr$ ?+1 or a sacr$ concealm5t ( a ?+4 ,( ?is we %all fur!r speak 9 ! f\r? book1 "u ! sev5? "p ( ! ,canon ( ! ,mass1 ^u ! ^w '! my/]y ( fai?1' & "u ! head ( ! ,oblation4 ,footnote #edd ,footnote #edd3 ,! sev5? "p ( ! ,canon ( ! ,mass is1 ',likewise aft] supp] ,he took ! cup into ,8 holy & v5]at$ h&s2 & :5 ,he _h giv5 ?anks1 ,he bless$ x & gave x to ,8 disciples1 say+1 ,take & dr9k ye all ( ?is2 = ?is is ! *alice ( ,my blood1 ( ! ,new & ,ev]la/+ ,te/am5t1 ! my/]y ( fai?1 :i* is %$ = y & = _m = ! remission ( s9s3 ,d ?is z (t z ye %all dr9k x 9 remembrance ( me4'--,see ,rationale iv4 #db1 #bj4 #aec #d4 ,"s ( ! sacram5ts be ( necessity only2 "s ( dignity & necessity2 "s ( ord] & necessity2 "s ( dignity & *oice2 & "s ( *oice only4 ,! sacram5t ( necessity only is baptism1 :i* :5 adm9i/]$ by anyone1 s x be 9 ! =m ( ! ,*ur*1 9 ! greate/ extremity pr(ite? unto salvation4 ,& x is said to be '( necessity1' because )\t x no "o c be sav$1 if x be neglect$ ?r\gh contempt4 ,( ?is sacram5t we %all speak 9 ! six? book1 "u ! head ( ,holy ,saturday4 ,footnote #ede ,! sacram5t ( dignity & necessity is confirmation3 ( dignity1 because x is conf]r$ by ! bi%op alone2 ( necessity1 because he :o neglecte? x ?r\gh contempt ( x1 _c be sav$4 ,( ?is also we %all speak "u ! head j specifi$4 ,footnote #ede3 ,! *apt] ref]r$ to treats ( holy baptism doctr9ally1 & does n !re=e fall )9 ! prov9ce ( ?is volume4 #e4 ,! sacram5ts ( ord] & dignity are ,p5ance1 ! ,eu*>i/1 & ,extreme ,unction4 ,( ord]2 because !y ought only to be adm9i/]$ by su* z are rightly orda9$ accord+ to ! ,*ur*'s p[] ( ! keys2 except 9 necessity1 9 :i* "o may confess ev5 unto a layman3 ( necessity2 s9ce su* z neglect !m ?r\gh contempt ( !m _c be sav$4 ,ab\t p5ance1 see ! six? book1 ^u ! fif? day ( ,holy ,week1 ! ,ca5a ,dom9i3 ,footnote #edf ab\t ! ,eu*>i/1 we %all speak 9 ! f\r? book1 ^u ! ,canon2 ,footnote #edg ab\t ,extreme ,unction we h spok5 9 ! prec$+ *apt]4 ,footnote #edf3 ,:at we call ,maunday ,?ursday1 f ,m&atum novum 7',a new comm&m5t ,i give unto y1' etc471 :i* ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& reta9s z a ,lesson = ! day1 is m prop]ly call$ ,! ,ca5a ,dom9i1 or ,"l's ,supp]1 9 remembrance 7z ,bi%op ,&rewes says7 ( ! mighty my/]y ( ,?y holy body & preci\s blood1 in/itut$ on ! ev5+ ( ?is day4--,see ,s4 ,isidore1 ,de ,(fic4 ,eccles4 i1 #bh4 ,! *apt] ref]r$ to 7#gc ( ! six? book71 %[s t p5it5ts 7 re/or$ to communion on ?is day1 & ) :at c]emonies4 ,footnote #edg3 ,^!1 besides _! great l5g?1 are n requir$ = ! explication ( our m imm$iate subject4 #aed #f4 ,b ! sacram5t ( dignity & *oice is ,ord]s3 ( dignity2 because conf]r$ by bi%ops alone1 & because no "o is admitt$ !reunto save a wor?y p]son & 9 a wor?y way3 ( *oice2 because anyone may be sav$ )\t x4 ,( ?is we %all speak 9 ! preface to ! second book4 ,footnote #edh ,footnote #edh3 ,^!1 besides _! great l5g?1 are n requir$ = ! explication ( our m imm$iate subject4 #g4 ,! sacram5t ( *oice only is matrimony2 & x is said to be ( *oice1 because anyone may be sav$ )\t x4 ,inde$ a man seek+ to m>ry is n incl9$ to t5d t[>ds ! k+dom ( heav54 ,) respect to ?is x is to be rem>k$ t1 accord+ to ! canons1 ! solemnity ( m>riage ought n to be celebrat$ f ,septuagesima ,sunday1 because x is a season ( sorr[1 until ! octave ( ,ea/]1 nor 9 ! ?ree weeks be=e ! ,fea/ ( ,s4 ,john4 ,footnote #edi ,b accord+ to ! cu/om ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 m>riages may be solemnis$ 9 ! *ur* f ! morr[ ( ,l[ ,sunday1 namely1 f ! octave ( ,ea/]1 until ! fir/ ,rogation ,day4 ,& f ! morn+ ( ! fir/ ,rogation ,day ?is rite is prohibit$ until ! octave ( ,:itsuntide inclusively3 & s sai? ,pope ,clem5t 9 8 ,decretal4 ,aga91 m>riages ought n to be celebrat$ #aee f ! ,fir/ ,sunday 9 ,adv5t until ! ,epiphany3 nor w\ld !y h be5 all[$ until ! octave ( ! ,epiphany _h n ! ,"l hon\r$ a m>riage ) ,8 pres5ce1 & ev5 ) a miracle4 ,footnote #eej ,:5ce !y !n *ant1 ',to-day ! ,*ur* is unit$ to h] ,heav5ly ,sp\se4' ,"s1 h[ev]1 say t x is m holy to ext5d ?is prohibition unto ! octave ( ! ,epiphany4 ,footnote #edi3 ,bp4 ,cos9s says t m>riages are n to be solemnis$ f ,adv5t ,sunday1 until eight days aft] 7or ! octave (7 ! ,epiphany2 f ,septuagesima ,sunday until eight days aft] ,ea/]2 & f ,rogation ,sunday until ,tr9ity ,sunday4 ,"s ( ^! be+ times ( solemn fa/+ & ab/95ce1 "s ( holy fe/ivity & joy1 bo? fit to be sp5t 9 su* holy ex]cises1 )\t o!r avocations4 ,see 8 ',devotions1' republi%$ by ,messrs ,riv+ton4 ,footnote #eej3 ,we are accu/om$ to celebrate only ! manife/ation ( ,*ri/ to ! ,g5tiles1 on ! ,epiphany4 ,b ,s4 ,isidore 7,de ,(f4 ,ecc4 i1 #bf7 gives two o!r objects ( commemoration ^u ?is day3 viz4 ! baptism ( our ,"l1 & 8 fir/ miracle at ! m>riage 9 ,cana4 ,& s ! hymn 9 ! ,brevi>y3 ,ibant ,magi1 quam vid]ant1 ,lum5 requirunt lum9e1 ,lavacra puri gurgitis ,peccata quae non detulit1 ,novum g5us pot5tiae6 ,v9umque jussa fund]e ,/ellam sequ5tes praeviam2 ,deum fat5tur mun]e4 ,caele/is ,agnus attigit2 ,nos ablu5do su/ulit4 ,aquae rubescunt hydriae1 ,nutavit unda orig9em4 ,our own ,*ur*1 h[ev]1 reta9s ! old ,gospel = ! second ,sunday aft] ! ,epiphany4 ,9 ! a=esaid times1 !re=e1 m>riages are n to be contract$2 because ^! seasons are set ap>t = pray]4 #h4 ,footnote #eea ,b al?\gh ! solemnis+ ( m>riages is prohibit$ 9 ^! int]vals1 yet a contract ( m>riage holds good at :atev] "t x may h be5 duly made4 ,b 9 t x is ord]$ by ! canons t w$d+s %\ld n be celebrat$ 9 ! ?ree weeks be=e ! ,fe/ival ( ,s4 ,john ,bapti/1 ! rule 0 made t m5 might be m at leisure = pray]4 ,= ! ,*ur* _h =m]ly appo9t$ two p]iods ( =ty days1 besides ! great "o ( ,l5t3--! "o prec$+ ! nativity1 usually call$ ,s4 ,m>t9's1 & la/+ f 8 day to ! nativity2 ,footnote #eeb ! o!r1 =ty days be=e ! ,fea/ ( ,s4 ,john ,bapti/3--9 :i* m5 %\ld give especial he$ unto pray]s1 alms1 & fa/+s4 ,b 9 reg>d ( ! frailty ( man1 ^! two seasons h be5 r$uc$ to "o1 & t "o aga9 divid$ into ! ?ree weeks ( adv5t1 & ?ree be=e ! nativity ( ,s4 ,john3 at :i* times m5 ought to fa/ & ab/a9 f m>riage4 ,footnote #eea3 ,a few passages h be5 omitt$ 9 ! c\rse ( ?is *apt]4 ,footnote #eeb3 ,m>t9mas is ! #aa? ,novemb]4 ,! =ty days are n exactly made out betwe5 ?is & ! ,nativity4 #aef #i4 ,accord+ to ,s4 ,isidore 7( ,seville71 wom5 we> veils1 :5 !y are m>ri$1 s t !y may "k t !y mu/ always be subject to _! husb&s3 & because ,rebecca1 :5 %e saw ,isaac1 veil$ h]self4 ,! same sai? also t m>ri$ p]sons aft] ! b5$iction are c\pl$ by a fillet1 to %[ t !y mu/ n break ! tie1 t is ! fidelity1 ( conjugal unity4 ,& ! same fillet is bo? :ite & purple mix$2 because ! :ite signifie? purity ( life1 & purple _! lawful rais+ ( (fspr+3 s t by ?is symbol1 _! cont9uance & mutual 'defraud+ "o ano!r = a "t is signifi$1 z well z _! com+ toge!r aga9' ,footnote #eec & return aft]w>ds to conjugal duties4 ,footnote #eec3 ,see ,s4 ,paul ,i ,cor9?ians vii1 #e4 ,! :ole ( ?is passage is quot$ f ,s4 ,isidore1 :o is1 h[ev]1 m circum/antial ?an ,dur&us1 & mu* m elegant & intelligible 9 8 language4 ,! extreme corruption ( ! pr9t$ copies ( our au?or may be exemplifi$ by ref]r+ ! read] to ! orig9al 9 ,s4 ,isidore4--,de ,(f4 ,eccles4 ii1 #ai4 ,see also ,hugo de ,s4 ,victore1 ,ex]cit4 ,!ol4 ,summ4 ,s5t41 ,tract vii4 #aj4 ,also 9 t at ! beg9n+ ( ! c]emony ! husb& give? a r+ to ! bride1 ?is is done z a sign ( mutual love1 or r 9 ord] t _! he>ts may be unit$ by ! same pl$ge4 ,& ! same r+ is put on ! f\r? f+]1 because 7z "s say7 a c]ta9 ve9 runne? ?r\gh x :i* rea*e? to ! he>t4 ,also "o ,pro!us is said to h fir/ made a r+ ( iron z a pl$ge ( love1 & to h enclos$ an adamant !re93 & f ?is he f\nd$ ! cu/om ( betro?+ brides1 because z iron subdue? all ?+s1 s do? love conqu] all ?+s1 s9ce no?+ is m viol5t ?an its ard\r4 #aeg #aa4 ,& z an adamant _c be brok51 s love _c be ov]come3 = love is z /rong z dea?4 ,!re=e also he f\nd$ ! cu/om ( putt+ ! r+ on ! r+-f+] ?r\gh :i* a ve9 passe? to ! he>t4 ,aft]w>ds1 h[ev]1 gold5 r+s 7 sub/itut$ = iron1 & 7 set ) gems1 in/ead ( adamant1 because z gold excelle? o!r metals1 s do? love excel all o!r bless+s4 ,& z gold is set (f by ! gems1 s is conjugal love by o!r virtues4 ,b ! ^w nuptials 7m>riage7 is s call$ accord+ to ,ambrose1 a nub5do 7f cov]+ ! head74 ,= brides are wont to veil ! head & ab/a9 f speak+4 ,:5ce also ,rebecca1 :5 %e saw ,isaac to :om %e 0 ab\t to be esp\s$1 began to veil h] face4 ,= ba%fulness ought to prec$e m>riage1 inasmu* z ba%fulness m highly comm5de? w$lock itself3 & ! bride %\ld appe> r to be s\ght by ! husb&1 ?an h]self to h s\ght aft] him4 4 4 4 #ab4 ,we h fur!r to note t a ?reefold spiritual sacram5t is signifi$ by ! consummation ( m>riage4 ,! fir/ sacram5t is ! spiritual union ( ! s\l to ,god1 ?r\gh fai?1 love1 & *>ity2 or ! union ( w1 namely *>ity :i* consi/e? 9 ! _s1 betwe5 ,god & a j s\l4 ,:5ce sai? ! ,apo/le1 'b he t is jo9$ unto ! ,"l is "o _s4' ,footnote #eed ,?is sacram5t is signifi$ by ! union ( s\l :i* takes place at ! fir/ betro?al 9 c>nal matrimony4 ,! second is ! union ( ! human nature ) ! div9e1 :i* took place 9 ! inc>nation ( ! ,^w ( ,god2 or ! con=mity ( nature1 :i* exi/e? 9 ! fle%1 betwe5 ,*ri/ & ,8 ,holy ,*ur*4 ,to :i* t say+ ref]re?1 ',! ,^w 0 made fle%1 & dwelt among u4' ,footnote #eee ,! ?ird sacram5t is ! unity ( ! ,*ur*1 ga!r$ out ( all nations & subject$ to "o sp\se1 namely ,*ri/4 ,?is sacram5t is typifi$ 9 ! case ( su* z1 hav+ _h "o wife & h] a virg91 h aft]w>ds be5 admitt$ into holy ord]s4 ,footnote #eed3 ,i ,cor9?ians vi1 #ag4 ,footnote #eee3 ,s4 ,john i1 #ad4 #aeh #ac4 ,b :5 anyone yielde? to a second m>riage1 he give? up ?is unity1 & ! signification ( ?is ?ird sacram5t does n hold 9 8 case3 :]e=e m>riage %\ld n advance beyond "o1 because su* advance _c signify unity4 ,besides1 by a second m>riage he dep>te? f ! union ( 8 =m] m>riage3 b ! ,*ur* ev] s9ce %e ha? unit$ h]self to ,*ri/1 ha? nev] dep>t$ f ,him1 nei!r ha? ,*ri/ ev] dep>t$ f h]4 ,:]e=e "o :o ha? twice m>ri$ _c signify su* an unity4 ,:5ce also des]v$ly f ! defect ( ?is sacram5tal signification m>riage _c be repeat$4 #ad4 ,note also ?is1 t accord+ to ! /atute ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,c>?age ! bridegroom & bride are to be pres5t$ by ! p>5ts or bridesm5 unto ! prie/ 9 ord] to be bless$4 ,& hav+ receiv$ ! bless+1 out ( rev]5ce to x1 !y d n consummate ! m>riage till ! next day4 #ae4 ,aga9 by ! appo9tm5t ( ,pope ,ev>i/us m>riages are to be bless$ by ! prie/ n )\t pray]s & (f]+s4 ,h[ev]1 a man & woman :o contract a second m>riage mu/ n be bless$ by ! prie/1 s9ce1 !y hav+ be5 already bless$1 ! c]emony may n be repeat$4 ,nor ought m>riages to be bless$ unless bo? p>ties are /ill unm>ri$1 = ! reason giv5 9 ! preface to ! second book4 ,footnote #eef ,footnote #eef3 ,x is laid d[n t a wid[ on tak+ ! v[s is n veil$ by ! bi%op1 z is ! case ) a virg94 ',a prie/1' ,dur&us cont9ues1 'is prohibit$ f tak+ a "p 9 second m>riages & f giv+ ! b5$iction to su* z are twice m>ri$4 ,b a wid[ tak+ ! v[s is m>ri$ z x 7 twice1 fir/ to h] late husb&1 & secondly unto ,*ri/ 9 h] pr(ession1 :]e=e ! veil ( consecration1 or ev5 ( pr(ession1 is n giv5 unto h]1 b %e h]self takes x f ! alt>4 4 4 4 ,yet 9 ! ,pontifical1 accord+ to ! ,roman ,ord]1 we f9d ! b5$iction ( a wid[ pr(ess+ cont95ce1 & also ( h] veil4 ,= ! ,"l also com=t$ ! wid[ ( ,s]epta by ! h& ( ,elias ! prophet4 ,& ,i h myself se5 9 ! city 7,rome1 ( c\rse7 ! ,c>d9al ,bi%op ( ,o/ia bless two wid[s among ! virg9s :o took ! v[s' 7,proem4 ,,ii1 c4 #dg74 #aei ,& any prie/ :o %all h giv5 ! bless+ 9 su* a second m>riage is to be susp5d$ f 8 (fice & b5efice & to be s5t to ! apo/olical see2 a cu/om ?is1 introduc$ z an incitem5t to cont95ce4 ,accord+ to ! cu/om ( "s places1 if anyone contracts a second m>riage ) an unm>ri$ woman ! b5$iction is repeat$3 b ?is does n avail unless our ,"l ! ,pope "k ( x & approve x4 ,"s also say t if any unm>ri$ p]sons 7 n bless$ :5 !y contract$ m>riages1 !y may :5 m>ry+ a second "t receive ! b5$iction2 b if !y 7 bless$ at fir/1 x _c be repeat$ at a second m>riage ev5 ?\gh ! fir/ 7 nev] consummat$4 ,( ! b5$iction ( virg9s we %all speak 9 ! preface & ! second book4 ,footnote #eeg ,footnote #eeg3 ,see *ap4 viii1 note #eg4 #af4 ,b x is to be not$ t "o sacram5t may be m wor?y ?an ano!r 9 f\r ways3 namely1 9 efficacy1 z baptism2 9 sanctity1 z ! eu*>i/2 9 significancy1 z m>riage 7?\gh "s d n admit ?is way72 9 ! dignity ( ! adm9i/rator1 z confirmation & ord]s4 #ag4 ,b is x ask$ :y sacram5ts are appo9t$1 :5 )\t !m ,god c\ld h giv5 et]nal life & ,8 ,grace unto mank9d8 ,i answ]1 = ?ree reasons4 ,fir/1 = our humiliation2 9 ord] t :5 man rev]5tly humble? himself by ! comm& ( ,god unto ins5sible & inf]ior ?+s1 he may f ?is ob$i5ce become m acceptable unto ,him4 ,secondly1 = our in/ruction2 t by t :i* is se5 objectively 9 a visible =m1 our m9d may be in/ruct$ 9 t invisible virtue1 :i* is to be p]ceiv$ )94 #afj ,?irdly1 = our ex]cis+3 9 ord] t1 s9ce man ought n to be idle1 !re may be set be=e him a useful & heal?y ex]cise 9 ! sacram5ts2 s t he may avoid va9 & hurtful occupation4 ,accord+ to t say+1 ',always be do+ "s good "w1 t ! devil may f9d y occupi$4' ,:]e=e1 z we said 9 ! =ego+ *apt]1 !y mu/ nev] be neglect$4 ,,end ,,( ,,! ,,fir/ ,,book #afa ,,epilogue ,,to ,,! ,,:ole ,,"w ,footnote #eeh ,footnote #eeh3 ,job xxxviii1 #ca4 ,see ! ,proeme t[>ds ! beg9n+4 ,let none imag9e t 9 ! =ego+ "w ! div9e (fices be suffici5tly set =?1 le/ by extoll+ t :i* is human1 he ra%ly depreciate t :i* is div9e4 ,= 9 ! div9e (fices ( ! ,mass1 s _m & s great be ! my/]ies involv$1 t none1 unless he be taught ( ! _s1 is suffici5t to expla9 !m4 ',= :o kn[e? ! ord9ances ( heav51 or c expla9 ! reasons ( !m ^u e>?8 ,footnote #eei ,= he t prie? into _! ,maje/y is ov]:elm$ by _! glory4 ,b ,i1 :o _c f ! weakness ( m9e eyes behold ! sun 9 8 brightness1 h look$ on ^! my/]ies1 z ?r\gh a glass1 d>kly3 &1 n p5etrat+ into ! int]ior ( ! palace1 b sitt+ at ! door1 h done dilig5tly1 z ,i c\ld1 n suffici5tly1 z ,i w\ld4 ,= on acc\nt ( ! innum]able & inevitable bus9ess ( ! ,apo/olic ,see1 ,footnote #efj press+ on me daily1 l a flood1 & hold+ d[n ! m9d ( him t w\ld dilig5tly rise to a contemplation ( heav5ly ?+s3 ,i1 p]plex$ z x 71 & entangl$ 9 ! knots ( v>i\s employm5ts1 c\ld n h ! leisure t ,i wi%$ =1 & c\ld sc>cely ei!r dictate :at ,i _h compos$1 or compose :at ,i _h conceiv$4 #afb ,= ! m9d t is divid$ 9 sev]al tra9s ( ?\ght ha? less p[] 9 ea*4 ,:]e=e ,i n only ask p>don ( ! c\rte\s read]1 b implore ! assi/ance ( a fri5dly corrector4 ,= ,i _c d5y t _m ?+s are ins]t$ 9 ?is book :i* may be blam$1 & t ju/ly & )\t tem]ity4 ,b if any?+ wor?y be f\nd 9 x1 let ! praise !re( be ascrib$ entirely to ,div9e ,grace3 = 'e good gift1 & e p]fect gift is f above1 & come? d[n f ! ,fa!r ( ,light4' ,footnote #efa ,b let t :i* is unwor?y1 be set d[n to human insuffici5cy1 '= ! corruptible body presse? d[n ! s\l1 & ! e>?ly tab]nacle weighe? d[n ! m9d t muse? ^u _m ?+s4' ,footnote #efb ,t :i* is wor?y ha? be5 tak5 f ! say+s ( o!rs1 ^: words ,i h introduc$1 r by way ( recital ,footnote #efc aft] ?an ( approval4 ,i h collect$ f div]se books1 ! mann] ( ! honey mak+ bee1 n )\t pr(it1 ( ^? ?+s :i* div9e grace ha? held =? to me3 & ?is doctr9e1 fl[+ ) sweetness l ! honeycomb1 ,i (f]1 tru/+ 9 ,god's help1 to ^? :o desire to m$itate on ! div9e (fices3 expect+ ?is rew>d alone ( my great toil among m51 t !y w pray e>ne/ly to ! m]ciful ,judge = ! p>don ( my transgressions4 ,,gulielmi ,,dur&i1 ,epi ,mimat5sis ,lib] de ecclesiis et ornam5tis ecclesia/icis explicit felicit]4 ,footnote #eei3 ,see ! ,preface4 ,footnote #efj3 ,book viii1 *ap4 #ad4 ,footnote #efa3 ,s4 ,james i1 #ag4 ,footnote #efb3 ,wisdom ix1 #ag4 ,footnote #efc3 ,! passage seems corrupt3 b ! s5se appe>s to be1 'recit+ !m1 z te/imonies 9 my fav\r1 & n presum+ to add my te/imony to _! wor?4 #afc ,,supplem5t ,= ! avoid+ cont9ual ref]5ce1 = ! extreme beauty ( ! treatise itself1 = its value z an old] docum5t ?an ! ',rationale1' & = ! advantage ( comp>ison ) ! latt] 9 subject1 s5tim5t1 /yle1 & (t5 language1 ! ,editors h subjo9$ a translation ( ! fir/ & second *apt]s ( ! ',my/ical ,mirror ( ! ,*ur*' ( ,hugo de ,sancto ,victore4 7,folio ,edition1 #bcg ,e7 ,a ,prologue to ! ',my/ical ,mirror ( ! ,*ur*1' made by ,ma/] ,hugh ( ,s4 ,victor4 ,y\r love ha? ask$ ( me to treat ( ! sacram5ts ( ! ,*ur*1 & to set =? unto y _! my/ical sweetness4 ,b s9ce ) ! m will+ness1 because ) ! m ease & boldness ,i d evolve 7aft] my cu/om7 po9ts ( logic r ?an ( !ology2 ,i began to d\bt :e!r to )/& y\r admonition or ! r to write4 ,b :5 ,i pres5tly rememb]$ h[ t e good ?+ :5 %>$ ) o!rs become? m bright & beautiful :5 x is %>$1 ,i incont95tly betook myself to my p51 hav+ invok$ ! aid ( ',him ,:o op5e? & no man %utte?1 & %utte? & no man op5e?4' ,footnote #efd ,:]e=e ,i h put into ! lips ( y\r und]/&+ ! tractate :i* y did desire1 fl[+ )9 ) nect> l ! honeycomb3 & ! same1 because !re9 ye may see z 9 a mirror :at e ?+ 9 ! *ur* do? my/ically d5ote1 ,i h call$ ',! ,my/ical ,mirror ( a ,*ur*4' ,footnote #efd3 ,apocalypse iii1 #g4 #afd ,,*apt] ,i ,,( ,a ,,*ur* ,! mat]ial *ur* 9 :i* ! p come? toge!r to praise ,god1 signifie? ! ,holy ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 :i* is build$ 9 ! heav5s ( liv+ /ones4 ,?is is ! ,"l's h\se :i* is firmly build$4 ,! '*ief corn]-/one is ,*ri/4' ,^u ?is1 n besides ?is1 is ! 'f\ndation ( ! apo/les & prophets'2 z x is writt51 ',h] f\ndations are ^u ! holy hills4' ,footnote #efe ,! walls build$ !reon1 be ! ,jews & ,g5tiles com+ f ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! _w unto ,*ri/4 ,all ! /ones be poli%$ & squ>$2 t is1 all ! sa9ts be pure & firm3 ! :i* also be plac$ s z to la/ = ev] by ! h&s ( ! ,*ief ,workman4 ,( ^! "s be borne & d n be>1 z ! m simple folk 9 ! ,*ur*2 "s be borne & d also be>1 z ! middl+ sort2 o!rs d only be>1 & be n borne1 save by ,*ri/ alone4 ,:o is ! s+le ,corn]/one4 ,& 9 ?is h\se by h[ mu* anyone do? diff] f & excel o!rs1 by s mu* be+ ! m humble do? he hold up m ( ! build+4 ,"o *>ity do? jo9 all toge!r aft] ! fa%ion ( cem5t3 & ! liv+ /ones be b\nd toge!r by ! bond ( peace4 ,! t[]s be ! prea*]s & ! prelates ( ! ,*ur*3 :o are h] w>ds & def5ce4 ,footnote #efe3 ,psalm lxxx 7,fundam5ta ejus71 ,i4 #afe ,:5ce sai? ! bridegroom unto 8 sp\se 9 ! ,song ( ,songs3 ',?y neck is l ! t[] ( ,david build$ = an arm\ry4' ,footnote #eff ,! cock :i* is plac$ !reon repres5te? prea*]s4 ,= ! cock 9 ! deep wat*es ( ! night divide? ! h\rs !re( ) 8 song3 he ar\se? ! sleep]s2 he =etelle? ! approa* ( day2 b fir/ he /irre? up himself to cr[ by ! /rik+ ( 8 w+s4 ,behold ye ^! ?+s my/ically3 = n "o is !re )\t mean+4 ,! sleep]s be ! *ildr5 ( ?is _w1 ly+ 9 s9s4 ,! cock is ! company ( prea*]s1 :i* d prea* %>ply1 d /ir up ! sleep]s to ca/ away ! works ( d>kness1 cry+1 ',woe to ! sleep]s3 awake ?\ t sleepe/'2 :i* also d =etell ! com+ ( ! light1 :5 !y prea* ( ! day ( judgm5t & future glory4 ,b wisely be=e !y prea* unto o!rs d !y r\se !mselves by virtues f ! sleep ( s91 & d *a/5 _! bodies4 ,:5ce sai? ! ,apo/le1 ',i keep "u my body & br+ x into subjection4 ,footnote #efg ,! same also d turn !mselves to meet ! w9d :5 !y bravely d cont5d aga9/ & resi/ ! rebelli\s by admonition & argum5t1 le/ !y %\ld seem to flee :5 ! wolf come?4 ,! iron rod ^u :i* ! cock sitte?1 %[e? ! /raight=w>d spee* ( ! prea*]2 t he do? n speak f ! _s ( man1 b accord+ to ! scriptures ( ,god3 z x is said1 ',if any man speak1 let him speak z ! oracles ( ,god4' ,footnote #efh ,9 t ?is rod is plac$ above ! cross1 x is %[n t ! words ( ,scripture be consummat$ & confirm$ by ! cross3 :5ce our ,"l said 9 ,8 ,passion1 ',x is f9i%$4' ,footnote #efi ,& ,8 title 0 indelibly writt5 ov] ,him4 ,footnote #eff3 ,cant4 iv1 #d4 ,footnote #efg3 ,i ,cor9?ians ix1 #bg4 ,footnote #efh3 ,i ,s4 ,pet] iv1 #b4 ,footnote #efi3 ,s4 ,john xix4 #aff ,! ball 7?olus7 ^u :i* ! cross is plac$ do? signify p]fection by its r\ndness3 s9ce ! ,ca?olic fai? is to be prea*$ & held p]fectly & inviolably3 ',:i* fai?1 except a man d keep :ole & undefil$1 )\t d\bt he %all p]i% ev]la/+ly4' ,or else ! ball do? signify ! _w r$eem$ by ! price ( ! ,cross3 on :i* acc\nt ! cross is plac$ ov] x4 ,! cock be+ set ov] ! cross signifie? t ! prea*] ought to make sure ?is po9t1 t ,*ri/ r$eem$ ! _w by ,8 ,cross4 ,! p9nacle & turret %[ ! m9d or life ( a prelate :o t5de? unto ?+s above4 ,! bells1 by ! voice ( :i* ! p are call$ toge!r unto ! *ur*1 typify also prea*]s3 ! :i* be+ necess>y = _m uses1 are call$ by _m names4 ,! clapp]1 :i* cause? ! s\nd f ! two sides ( ! bell1 is ! tongue ( ! prea*] :i* cause? bo? ,te/am5ts to res\nd4 ,! wood5 frame1 :5ce ! bell hange?1 signifie? ! ,cross2 ! cramps1 *>ity2 by :i* *>ity ! prea*]1 be+ fa/ b\nd to ! ,cross1 boa/e?1 say+1 ',god =bid t ,i %\ld glory save 9 ! ,cross ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/' ,footnote #egj ,! rope is ! life & humility ( ! prea*]4 ,:5ce ! ,apo/le sai?1 ',he condesc5de? t[>ds o!rs4 ,:e!r we exalt ourselves x is = ,god2 :e!r we abase ourselves x is = y4' ,footnote #ega ,! r+s on ! rope are p]sev]ance & ! cr[n ( rew>d4 ,! glaz$ w9d[s ( ! *ur* be ! ,holy ,scriptures1 :i* d w>d (f ! w9d & ! ra91 t is1 d repel all hurtful ?+s2 & :5 !y d transmit ! brightness ( ! ,true ,sun by day into ! *ur*1 !y d give light to !m t be !re94 ,^! be wid] )9 ?an )\t1 because ! s5se my/ical is m ample & m pre-em95t ?an ! s5se lit]al4 ,^! be frequ5t$ ( prea*]s1 ':o d fly z a cl\d & z ! doves to ! w9d[s4' ,footnote #egb ,footnote #egj3 ,galatians vi1 #ad4 ,footnote #ega3 #b ,cor9?ians v1 #ac4 ,vulgate4 ,footnote #egb3 ,isaiah lx1 #h4 #afg ,also by ! w9d[s ! five s5ses ( ! body be signifi$3 :i* ought to be n>r[ )\t1 le/ !y %\ld take 9 vanities1 b %\ld be wide )9 to receive spiritual good4 ,! door is ,*ri/3 :5ce ! ,"l sai? 9 ! ,evangele1 ',i am ! door4' ,footnote #egc ,! pill>s be doctors2 :o d hold up spiritually ! temple ( ,god by _! doctr9e1 z d ! evangeli/s also ! ?rone ( ,god4 ,^!1 = ! h>mony ( div9e eloqu5ce1 be call$ silv] columns3 accord+ to t ( ! ,song ( ,songs1 ',he made ! pill>s !re( ( silv]4' ,footnote #egd ,! /alls d d5ote ! contemplative3 9 :om ,god do? re/ )\t (f5ce4 ,^!1 = t !y d contemplate ! highe/ div9ity & glory ( ! et]nal life1 be comp>$ unto gold3 :5ce 9 ! a=esaid ,song ( ,songs x is said1 ',he made a gold5 b$4' ,footnote #ege ,! beams be su* z spiritually su/a9 ! ,*ur*3 ! ceil+s su* z adorn x & /r5g!n x2 ( ! :i* 7because !y be n corrupt$ by vices7 ! bride glorie? 9 ! same ,canticles1 say+1 ',! beams ( our h\se are c$> & our raft]s ( fir4' ,footnote #egf ,= ,god ha? built ,8 ,*ur* ( liv+ /ones & imp]i%able wood3 accord+ to t1 ',solomon made himself a litt] ( ! wood ( ,lebanon2 ,footnote #egg t is ,*ri/ ( ,8 sa9ts made :ite by *a/ity4 ,! *ancel1 :5 l[] ?an ! body ( ! *ur*1 %[e? my/ically h[ great humility ought to be 9 ! cl]gy3 accord+ to ! say+1 ',! great] ?\ art ! m humble ?yself4' ,footnote #egh ,! alt> signifie? ,*ri/1 )\t ,:om no acceptable gift is (f]$ unto ! ,fa!r4 ,:5ce ! ,*ur* utt]e? h] pray]s unto ! ,fa!r ?r\gh ,*ri/4 ,! ve/m5ts ) :i* ! alt> is adorn$ be ! sa9ts ( :om ! ,prophet speake? unto ,god1 say+1 ',?\ %alt surely clo! ,!e ) !m all z ) an ornam5t4' ,footnote #egi ,footnote #egc3 ,s4 ,john x4 ,footnote #egd3 ,cant1 iii1 #aj4 ,footnote #ege3 ,cant1 iii1 #aj4 ,footnote #egf3 ,cant1 i1 #ag4 ,footnote #egg3 ,cant1 iii1 #i4 ,footnote #egh3 ,eccles4 iii1 #ah4 ,footnote #egi3 ,isaiah xlix1 #ah4 #afh ,! /eps by :i* we asc5d unto ! alt> d spiritually d5ote ! apo/les & m>tyrs ( ,*ri/ :o h %$ _! blood = ! love ( ,him4 ,! bride 9 ! ,canticles sai?1 ',! asc5t unto x is purple1 ! mid/ !re( be+ pav$ ) love4' ,footnote #ehj ,fur!rmore1 ! fifte5 virtues be express$ by ! fifte5 /eps ) :i* !y w5t up unto ! temple ( ,solomon3 & ! same be %[n by ! prophet 9 ! fifte5 cont9u\s ,psalms1 :i* ! righte\s man ha? dispos$ z /eps or degrees 9 8 he>t4 ,footnote #eha ,?is is ! ladd] :i* ,jacob saw1 ! top ( :i* t\*$ ! heav5s4 ,! lights ( ! *ur* be !y by ^: doctr9e ! ,*ur* %9e? z ! sun & ! moon2 unto :om x is said by our ,"l's voice1 ,footnote #ehb ',ye are ! light ( ! _w4' ,!y be also ! examples ( good works3 :5ce ,he sai? 9 ,8 admonitions1 ',let y\r light s %9e be=e m54' ,footnote #ehc ,9 t ! *ur* is adorn$ joyfully )9 b n )\t1 is %[n morally t its ',glory is all f )94' ,footnote #ehd ,= al?\gh x be contemptible ext]nally1 yet do? x %9e )9 9 ! s\l1 :i* is ! abode ( ,god3 :5ce ! ,*ur* sai?1 ',i am black b comely4' ,footnote #ehe ,& aga91 ',yea1 ,i h a goodly h]itage4' ,footnote #ehf ,:i* ! ,prophet consid]+1 sai?1 ',"l1 ,i h lov$ ! habitation ( ,?y h\se3 & ! place :]e ,?9e hon\r dwelle?1' ,footnote #ehg :i* place also ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,*>ity d spiritually adorn4 ,footnote #ehj3 ,cant1 iii1 #aj4 ,vulgate4 ,footnote #eha3 ,! fifte5 ,psalms1 cxx-cxxxiv ( our v]sion1 are call$ ,songs ( ,degrees4 ,footnote #ehb3 ,s4 ,mat!w v4 ,footnote #ehc3 ,ibid4 ,footnote #ehd3 ,"h is an allusion to ,psalm xlv 7,eructavit cor meum71 #ad4 ,footnote #ehe3 ,cant1 i1 #e4 ,footnote #ehf3 ,psalm xvi 7,cons]va me ,dom9e71 #g4 ,footnote #ehg3 ,psalm xxvi 7,judica me ,dom9e71 #h4 #afi ,! cross ( triumph is plac$ 9 ! middle ( ! *ur*1 because ! ,*ur* love? h] ,r$eem] 9 ! middle ( h] he>t1 & '! mid/ !re( is pav$ ) love = ! daught]s ( ,j]usalem4' ,footnote #ehh ,! :i* z a sign ( victory1 let all :o see say "o & all1 ',hail1 salvation ( ! :ole _w3 hail1 life-giv+ ,tree6' ,:]e=e1 le/ we %\ld ev] =get ! love ( ,god = u1 ',:o gave 8 only-begott5 ,son' to r$eem u ,8 s]vants1 ! ,*ur* arme? h]self 9 h] bosom & =ehead ) ?is sign1 signify+ t ! my/]y ( ! cross mu/ always be believ$ by u 9 our he>t1 & confess$ op5ly ) our m\?4 ,! figure ( :i* w5t be=e h] 9 ,egypt4 ,b :5 we cross ourselves f ! =ehead d[nw>ds1 & !n f ! left to ! "r1 we d set =? ?is my/]y1 t ,god 'b[$ ! heav5s & came d[n1' to tea* u to pref] ?+s et]nal unto ?+s temporal4 ,b by ?is sign ! army ( ! devil is ov]?r[n2 ! ,*ur* triumphe?1 't]rible z an army ) bann]s4' ,footnote #ehi ',h[ dreadful is ?is place3 ?is is none o!r b ! h\se ( ,god4' ,footnote #eij ,& ! ,hymn sai?1 ',! bann]s ( ! ,k+ come =?3 ! ,cross unfolds its my/]y4' ,footnote #eia ,r\nd ?is d ! heav5ly legions rally4 ,( ?is x is writt51 ',i saw ! holy city4 ,new ,j]usalem1 com+ d[n f ,god out ( heav54' ,footnote #eib ,footnote #ehh3 ,cant4 iii1 #aj4 ,footnote #ehi3 ,cant1 vi1 #aj4 ,footnote #eij3 ,g5esis xxviii1 #ag4 ,footnote #eia3 ,! hymn1 ,vexilla ,regis1 occurs 9 ! (fice = ,passion ,sunday4 ,footnote #eib3 ,apoc4 xxi1 #b4 ,= ! ,*ur* is militant "h2 9 h] home %e do? reign3 a "p is 9 pilgrimage1 a "p 9 glory4 ,t :i* is 9 pilgrimage com+ up f h] exile ?r\gh ! des]t1 do? sigh = h] home1 f ! 'wat]s ( ,babylon = ! heav5ly ,j]usalem2' :ile ! o!r "p1 cont9ually see+ peace1 do? hold p]petual fe/ival4 ,?us ! heav5ly city ( ,j]usalem is call$ ! 'vision ( peace4' ,footnote #eic ,footnote #eic3 ,see note #d on ! ,rationale1 ,i4 i1 p4 #ac4 #agj ,h[ glori\s is h] k+dom1 'glori\s ?+s are spok5 ( !e1 ?\ city ( ,god4' ,footnote #eid ,h] gu>dians be ! citiz5s ( heav51 ! legions ( angels ) ! glori\s company ( ! apo/les1 ! prophets1 & ! patri>*s1 ! armies ( m>tyrs rob$ 9 purple1 ! fl[]s ( virg9s1 ! v]dant *oir ( confessors1 compass$ ab\t ) ! univ]sal assembly ( all ! sa9ts1 *a/e & glorifi$6 ,& ?is wondr\s c\rt ( heav5 is yet m wondr\sly adorn$ by t "o incomp>able jewel1 ! ,virg9 ,"m1 '^: l !re ne'er ha? be51 ^: l !re ne'er %all be4' ,b h[ great is ! admiration ( all 9 behold+ ! ,k+ ,himself1 & h[ h>moni\s be ! songs 9 praise ( ,him2 ?is is kn[n to ^? alone1 :o h des]v$ to /& among/ ! happy ?rong1 & to behold ! my/]y ( ! ,tr9ity & ! glory ( ,*ri/3 ,:o is encircl$ by ! angelic *oirs2 ^u ,:om ! angels desire cont9ually to gaze4 ,to behold ?is ! ,immortal ,k+ face to face1 ! ,*ur* bel[ is prep>+ h]self3 & :ile %e keepe? "h h] fea/s ( "t1 %e is rememb]+ ! fe/ivals ( h] home & ( et]nity2 9 :i* ! bridegroom is hymn$ by angelical in/rum5ts4 ,& all ! sa9ts cont9ually celebrat+ ! day ( great fe/ivity ':i* ! ,"l ha? made1' cease n 9 _! nuptial songs to laud ! et]nal bridegroom1 ! beautiful 9 =m above ! sons ( m52 ,him :o ha? *os5 ! ,*ur* = ,himself ( ,8 free m]cy4 ,( :om1 z ,he _h se5 h] f et]nity1 ,he sai?1 ',i w get ,me to ! m\nta9 ( myrrh1 & to ! hill ( frank9c5se & w speak unto my sp\se4' ,footnote #eie ,= :om ',he came =? z a bridegroom out ( ,8 *amb]1 & rejoic$ z a giant to run 8 c\rse'2 ,footnote #eif :5 ,he w5t =? f ,8 ,fa!r1 & return$ unto ,8 ,fa!r--w5t =? inde$ ev5 unto ,hades1 return$ unto ! ,?rone ( ,god--to make all ,8 elect1 f ! beg9n+ ev5 unto ! end ( ! _w1 "o k+dom 9 ! vision ( ! ,supreme ,tr9ity3 9 :i* is glorifi$ '"o ,god _w )\t end4' ,footnote #eid3 ,psalm lxxxvii 7,fundam5ta ejus71 #b4 ,footnote #eie3 ,cant1 iv1 #f4 ,footnote #eif3 ,psalm xix 7,caeli en>rant71 #e4 #aga ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,( ,,! ,,d$ication ,,( ,a ,,*ur* ,) :at c>efulness & love ,*ri/ do? adorn ! bride = ,himself & prep>e h] = h] heav5ly d$ication1 is 9 "p signifi$ by ! consecration ( ! mat]ial *ur*4 ,! bi%op compasse? ! *ur* to be d$icat$ ?ree times1 spr9kl+ x ) holy wat]1 ! cl]gy & p foll[+ him4 #bci ,a4 ,9 ! mean:ile )\t & )9 !re be burn+ twelve lamps4 ,s (t5 z he come? to ! door 7:i* = a my/ical reason is %ut71 ! bi%op smite? ! l9tel ) 8 pa/oral /aff1 say+ ',lift up y\r heads1 ,o ye gates1 & be ye lift up1 ye ev]la/+ doors1 & ! ,k+ ( ,glory %all come 94' ,footnote #eig ,footnote #eig3 ,psalm xxiv 7,dom9i e/ t]ra74 ,! deacon answ]e?1 ',:o is ! ,k+ ( ,glory8' ,to :om ! bi%op1 ',! ,"l ( ,ho/s3 ,he is ! ,k+ ( ,glory4' ,at ! ?ird "t1 ! door be+ ?r[n op51 he ent]e? ) ! cl]gy & p1 say+1 ',peace be to ?is h\se4' ,!n he p]=me? ! o!r c]emonies :i* p]ta9 to d$ication4 ,b :atev] ?+s be "h done visibly1 ! same do? ,god "w by ,8 invisible p[] 9 ! s\l1 :i* is ! true ,temple ( ,god3 :]e9 ,fai? laye? ! f\ndation1 ,hope raise? ! build+s1 & ,*>ity f9i%e? x4 ,also ! ,*ur* ,ca?olic h]self1 be+ made "o out #agb ( _m /ones1 is ! temple ( ,god2 because _m temples make "o temple1 ( :i* !re is "o ,"l & "o ,fai?4 ,:]e=e ! h\se mu/ be d$icat$2 ! s\l sanctifi$4 ,wat] is p5it5ce3 salt1 wisdom2 ! ?reefold asp]sion1 ! ?reefold imm]sion 9 baptism2 ! twelve lights1 ! twelve apo/les1 prea*+ ! my/]y ( ! ,cross2 ! bi%op1 ,*ri/2 8 /aff1 ,*ri/'s p[]2 ! ?ree /rokes on ! door1 ,*ri/'s dom9ion ov] all ?+s 9 heav51 e>?1 & hell3 't all ! ?reefold frame ( ?+s may b[ ! knee to ,him1 _! ,"l4' ,aga91 ! "q ( ! deacon )9 is ! ignorance ( ! p2 ! op5+ ( ! door1 ! ejection ( s94 ,! bi%op ent]+1 praye? = peace on ! h\se1 & ,*ri/ ent]+ ! _w make? peace betwe5 ,god & m54 ,!n pro/rate he praye? unto ! ,"l = its sanctification3 & s ,*ri/1 humbl$ 9 ,8 ,passion1 pray$ = ,8 disciples & !m t %\ld believe1 say+1 ',fa!r1 sanctify !m 9 ,?y tru?4' ,footnote #eih ,footnote #eih3 ,s4 ,john xvii4 ,aris+ he does n give ! salutation b only praye?3 because !y :o be n yet sanctifi$ mu/ n be bless$ b only pray$ =4 ,! writ+ ! alphabet ^u ! pavem5t is ! simple tea*+ ( fai? 9 ! he>t ( man4 ,! l9e drawn f ! left corn] ( ! ea/ unto ! "r corn] ( ! we/1 & ! o!r l9e f ! "r ( ! ea/ unto ! left ( ! we/1 d express ! ,cross1 & also ! ga!r+ 9 ( bo? peoples3 accord+ z ,jacob bless$ ! *ildr5 ( ,joseph ) 8 h&s cross$4 ,footnote #eii ,footnote #eii3 ,g5esis xxviii ,= al?\gh ,*ri/ pass+ f ! ea/ did leave ! ,jews1 because !y w\ld n believe1 on ,8 left h&1 & did come unto ! ,g5tiles2 to :om1 ?\gh !y _h be5 9 ! we/4 ,he grante? to be on ! "r h&3 yet w he aga91 pass+ f ! ,g5tiles :o be plac$ 9 ! #agc "r ( ! ea/1 visit ! ,jews 9 ! left h& corn]3 :o1 x is evid5t1 be worse ?an ,he fir/ f\nd ! ,g5tiles4 ,! /aff ) :i* ! alphabet is describ$ typifie? ! m9i/ry ( tea*]s1 by :i* ! conv]sion ( ! ,g5tiles is effect$ & t ( ,jews p]fect$4 ,9 t aft]w>ds ! bi%op /&+ be=e ! alt> sai?1 ',o ,god1 make spe$ to save u'2 he do? signify ^? :o hav+ receiv$ ! fai? are prep>+ !mselves to fight4 ,& because !y be /ill 9 conflict1 & z x 7 among/ sighs1 ! ,alleluia is n yet add$4 ,aft] ?is ! wat] is bless$ ) salt & a%es2 w9e mix$ ) wat] be+ also add$4 ,! wat] is ! p2 ! salt1 doctr9e2 ! a%es1 ! remembrance ( ! ,passion ( ,*ri/4 ,! w9e mix$ ) wat] is ,*ri/1 ,god & ,man2 ! w9e ,8 ,godhead1 ! wat] ,8 ,manhood4 ,?us ! p is sanctifi$ by ! doctr9es ( fai? & remembrance ( ! ,passion1 be+ unit$ ) its ,head bo? ,god & ,man4 ,:5ce ! alt> & ! *ur* be spr9kl$ )92 to %[ t )91 z )\t1 ! spiritual ,*ur* mu/ be sanctifi$4 ,! asp]sory1 made ( hyssop1 d5ote? humility2 ) :i* grace ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* be+ spr9kl$ is purifi$4 ,! bi%op compasse? ! *ur* 9 lu/ration & z if be/[+ 8 c>e ^u all4 ,9 ! mean:ile is *ant$ ! ,psalm1 ',let ,god arise & 8 enemies be scatt]$1' ) its prop] response & antiphon1 :i* is foll[$ by ano!r1 ',:oso dwelle? "u ! def5ce ( ! mo/ high4' ,!n ! bi%op *ante?1 ',my ,h\se %all be call$ an ,h\se ( ,pray]1' & also1 ',i w tell out ?y "n among my bre?r54' ,& because no "w c prosp] )\t ,god1 he praye? 9 conclusion t !y may be he>d :o %all ent] !re9 to pray = bless+s4 ,aft] ?is he approa*e? unto ! alt>1 say+1 ',i w g up unto ! alt> ( ! ,"l1' ) ! :ole ,psalm3 & :at rema9s ( ! wat] #agd he p\re? away at ! base ( ! alt>1 committ+ unto ,god t :i* surpasse? human abilities 9 s great a sacram5t4 ,aft] ?is ! alt> is wip$ ) a l95 clo?4 ,! alt> is ,*ri/1 ! clo? is 8 fle%1 br\ght by ! beat+ ( ,8 ,passion unto ! :it5ess & glory ( immortality4 ,next ! bi%op (f]e? ^u ! alt> frank9c5se1 :i* is burnt 9 ! %ape ( a cross 9 ! middle !re(2 & at its f\r corn]s he make? crosses ) sanctifi$ oil4 ,!n ^u ea* ( ! f\r walls ( ! *ur* !re be made ?ree crosses ) ! same oil3 & ! consecration be+ ?us f9i%$1 ! alt> is cov]$ ) a :ite veil4 ,inc5se1 pray]s1 & oil d d5ote ! grace ( ! ,holy ,gho/4 ,^: fulness--'l ! preci\s o9tm5t ^u ! head t ran d[n unto ! be>d3 ev5 unto ,a>on's be>d1' ,footnote #fjj --came d[n ^u ! apo/les & _! disciples3 :o prea*$ ! my/]y ( ! ,cross ?r\gh ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! _w1 ! ,"l work+ ) !m4 ,! :ite cov]+ do? typify ! joy ( immortality3 conc]n+ :i* ! ,son exulte?1 say+ unto ! ,fa!r1 ',?\ ha/ put (f my sackclo?1 & gird$ me ) gladness4' ,footnote #fja ,footnote #fjj3 ,psalm cxxxiii 7,ecce quam bonum71 #b4 ,footnote #fja3 ,psalm xxx 7,exaltabo te ,dom9e71 #ab4 #age ,,app5dix ,a ,,*ancels ',! temple ( old 0 divid$ into two p>ts by a veil hung 9 ! middle !re(4 ,! fir/ "p 0 call$ ! ,holy ,place1 b ! inn] "p ! ,holy ( ,holies4 ,:atev] "p !n ( ! (fice ( ! ,mass come? be=e ! secret ,footnote #fjb is p]=m$ z x 7 9 ! out] place3 b ! secret itself )9 ! ,holy ( ,holies4 ,!re 7 9 ! ,holy ( ,holies ! alt> ( inc5se1 ! ark ( ! te/imony1 ! m]cy-seat above ! ark1 & ov] ?is two *]ubims ( glory ) _! faces look+ t[>ds ea* o!r4 ,h]e9 ! high prie/ ent]$ alone once 9 ! ye>1 hav+ ! names ( ! patri>*s writt5 ^u ! brea/plate ( judgm5t & ! %\ld]plates1 & be>+ a c5s] ( burn+ coals & blood1 & inc5se1 :i* ) pray] he plac$ 9 ! ?urible until ! cl\d ( inc5se cov]$ him4 ,footnote #fjc ,footnote #fjb3 ,aft] ! ,sanctus1 :i*1 z we %all f9d1 0 p]=m$ ) ! full *oir & ! accompanim5t ( organs1 came ! secret1 :i* embrac$ ! :ole ,canon ( ! ,mass1 p]=m$ by ! celebrant alone1 & ! celebration ( ! ,holy ,eu*>i/4 ',x is call$ ! secret because ^! ?+s be hidd5 f u1 s9ce ! nature ( man c 9 no wise fully compreh5d s great a my/]y3 = ! d5ot+ ( :i* x is rightly p]=m$ secretly4 ,to signify ! same also1 ! prie/ :5 ent]+ ^u ! secret is veil$ z x 7 ) ! side curta9s4' ,see o!r my/ical reasons adduc$ 9 ! rema9d] ( ?is passage1 ,book ,,iv1 ,*apt] #ce1 & 9 ,*apt] #ci an acc\nt ( ! side curta9s4 ,^u ! use ( ^! see also ! ,dubl9 ,review1 vol4 x1 p4 #cci4 ,footnote #fjc3 ,see ,leviticus xvi2 ,exodus xxviii1 xxxix1 & xl4 #agf ,aft]w>ds he spr9kl$ ! m]cy-seat & ! alt> ) blood1 & !n he w5t out to ! p1 & wa%$ 8 ve/m5ts 9 ! ev5+4 ,^! 7 types ( old1 b !y h ceas$ s9ce ! ?+s signifi$ !reby h come4 ,b ?us ! =m] temple do? d5ote ! pres5t *ur*2 ! ,holy ( ,holies1 heav52 ! high prie/1 ,*ri/2 ! blood1 ,8 ,passion2 ! coals1 ,8 love2 ! ?urible4 ,8 fle%2 ! burn+ inc5se1 pray]s ( sweet sav\r2 ! alt>1 ! ho/s ( heav52 ! ark1 ,*ri/ 9 ,8 humanity2 ! m]cy-seat1 ,god ! ,fa!r2 ! two *]ubims1 ! twa9 ,te/am5ts1 ! :i* d look t[>ds ea* o!r because ! two d agree2 ! ve/m5ts :i* be wa%$1 mank9d4 ,:]e=e consid] :at ?+s 7 done ( old1 & :at ?+s ,*ri/ ha? done1 & !n see h[ ! m9i/] ( ! ,*ur* do? repres5t ! same 9 ! (fice ( ! ,mass4 ,by ! ark also is signifi$ ! humility ( ,*ri/1 f :i* ?r\gh 8 m]cy all good ha? come unto u' 7,dur&us1 ,book ,,iv1 ,preface #ac1 #ad74 ,9 ! next section ! same subject is fur!r illu/rat$1 ?\gh )\t ref]5ce to ! imm$iate subject ( ?is app5dix1 ! necessity ( ! division ( e *ur* into a *ancel & nave4 ,! read] may consult a mo/ int]e/+ s]ies ( *apt]s 9 ,hugo de ,sancto ,victore 7,tituli ii-viii1 ,ex4 ,misc4 ,,ii1 ,lib4 ,,iv7 ^u ?is subject3 ! passages are f> too long = ins]tion "h4 ,! absolute necessity ( ?is tw(old division is a po9t :i* x is m ?an pa9ful at ?is "t to h to prove4 ,x is only )9 ! la/ two c5turies t our own or any bran* ( ! ,*ur* ,ca?olic has d>$ to dep>t f an usage :i*1 if any1 has univ]sality1 antiquity1 & cons5t on its side1 & ( ^: au?ority 0 nev] any d\bt 9 ! ,*ur*4 #agg ,= "s ( ! argum5ts :i* h be5 adduc$ 9 ! pres5t controv]sy we mu/ ref] to ! publications ( ! ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society1 & p>ticul>ly ! ,ecclesiologi/4 ,!re is no?+ m want$ ?an a c>eful treatise on ! subject :i* %all 9 a comp5di\s =m put ?is & sev]al po9ts dep5d+ ^u x1 su* z ori5tation itself1 & pray+ t[>ds ! ea/1 9 a cle> light4 ,,app5dix ,b ,,ori5tation ',fur!rmore albeit ,god is ev]y:]e1 yet ought ! prie/ at ! alt> & 9 ! (fices to pray t[>ds ! ea/3 accord+ to ! con/itutions ( ,vigilius1 ,pope4 ,:5ce 9 *ur*es :i* h ! doors at ! we/1 he t celebrate? turne? 9 ! salutations to ! p3 b 9 *ur*es :i* h ! entrance at ! ea/1 ,footnote #fjd z at ,rome1 !re is no ne$ 9 ! salutations = turn+ r\nd1 because ! prie/ always turne? to ! p4 ,! temple also ( ,solomon1 & ! tab]nacle ( ,moses _h _! entrance f ! ea/4 ,pray we !re=e t[>ds ! ea/1 be+ m9dful1 fir/ly1 t ,he1 ,:o is ! spl5d\r ( et]nal light1 ha? illum9at$ '!m ,footnote #fje t sit 9 d>kness & ! %ad[ ( dea?1 ris+ ) heal+ 9 8 w+s'3 ,footnote #fjf ( :om x is said1 ',behold ! man1 ^: "n is ! ,ea/4' ,footnote #fjg ,= ! :i* cause he sai? 9 ! book ( ,wisdom1 ,footnote #fjh #agh ',we ought to pray ea/w>d1 :]e ! light arise?4' ,n because ! ,div9e ,maje/y is locally 9 ! ea/3 :i* is pot5tially & ess5tially 9 all places2 z x is writt51 ',d n ,i fill ,footnote #fji heav5 & e>?'2 & 9 l mann] speake? ! ,prophet1 ,footnote #faj ',if ,i asc5d into heav54 ,?\ art !re3 if ,i g d[n to hell1 ,?\ art !re also'3 b because to ^? ':o fe> ,8 "n %all ,footnote #faa ! sun ( righte\sness arise1' ':i* lighte? e man t ,come? into ! _w4' ,footnote #fab ,footnote #fjd3 ,s4 ,john ,lat]an is an in/ance4 ,we may obs]ve t ! reasons = ! ori5tation ( *ur*es mu/ h be5 v /rong to h caus$ an univ]sal disreg>d ( an example ?us set at ! c5tre ( ,we/]n ,*ri/5dom4 ,footnote #fje3 ,s4 ,luke i1 #gi4 ,footnote #fjf3 ,mala*i iv1 #b4 ,footnote #fjg3 ,ze*>iah vi1 #ab4 ,footnote #fjh3 ,wisdom xvi1 #bh4 ,footnote #fji3 ,j]emiah xxiii1 #bd4 ,footnote #faj3 ,psalm cxxxix 7,dom9e proba/i71 #g4 ,footnote #faa3 ,mala*i iv1 #b4 ,footnote #fab3 ,s4 ,john i1 #i4 ,secondly1 t our s\ls be !reby taught to turn !mselves to ! ?+s t are m desirable4 ,?irdly1 because !y :o praise ,god ought n to turn _! backs on ,him4 ,f\r?ly1 accord+ to ,joannes ,damasc5us 7:o give? also ! ?ree foll[+ reasons71 ,footnote #fac to %[ t we seek our c\ntry4 ,footnote #fac3 ,quatuor orationes4 ,we %\ld probably read1 rationes4 ,fif?ly1 t we may look ^u ,*ri/ crucifi$1 :o is ! ,true ,ea/4 ,six?ly1 t we may prove t we expect ,him to come to be our ,judge4 ,= ,damasc5us sai? 9 t place1 ',god plant$ a g>d5 ea/w>d'2 ,footnote #fad :5ce man's s9 made him an exile1 & in/ead ( ,p>adise made him to dwell 9 ! we/3 !re=e1 look+ to our anci5t home1 we pray t[>ds ! ea/4 ,footnote #fad3 ,g5esis ii1 #h4 ,sev5?ly1 because our ,"l1 at ,8 ,crucifixion1 look$ t[>ds ! ea/3 & also :5 he asc5d$ into heav54 ,he asc5d$ t[>ds ! ea/3 & ?us ! apo/les ador$ ,him3 & ?us ',he %all come aga9 9 l mann] z !y saw ,him g into heav54' ,footnote #fae ,footnote #fae3 ,acts i1 #aa4 ,eigh?ly1 ,daniel likewise 9 ! ,jewi% captivity pray$ t[>ds ! temple4 #agi ,yet ,augu/9e sai? t 'no ,scripture ha? taught u to pray t[>ds ! ea/' ,he1 h[ev]1 says also1 ',?\gh ,i f9d n a ?+ on record 9 ,scripture1 yet ,i receive x z proce$+ f ! apo/les if ! ,univ]sal ,*ur* embrace x' ,footnote #faf 7,dur&us ,v1 ii1 #eg74 ,footnote #faf3 ,?is section is 9 sev]al places corrupt3 = example--f ,damasc5us ! quotation 9 ! six? head belongs prop]ly to ! sev5?4 ,our read]s may p]haps be rem9d$ ( ! anecdote ( ! good ,e>l ( ,d]by 7:o1 if ! ,re=m$ ,*ur* 9 ,engl& %\ld ev] h a cal5d> ( h] own1 w assur$ly be "o ( its m>tyrs71 :5 on ! scaffold4 ,! *ur* ( ,bolton 0 9 sight3 & ! ,e>l reque/$ t he might be all[$ to kneel on ! we/]n side ( ! block1 s t ! la/ object on :i* 8 eyes 7 fix$ might be ,god's h\se4 ,8 execution]s %[$ _! poor malice to ! la/1 by d5y+ him ?is wi%4 ,s4 ,isidore has a curi\s passage ab\t ori5tation4 ,a place1 he says1 design$ s z to face ! ea/ 0 call$ templum1 f contemplat+4 ,( :i* !re 7 f\r p>ts2 ! front fac+ ! ea/1 ! back ! we/1 ! "r h& ! s\?1 & ! left h& ! nor?3 :5ce also :5 !y build$ temples1 !y took _! ea/ at ! equ9ox1 s t l9es drawn f ea/ to we/ w\ld make ! sections ( ! sky on ! "r & left h&s equal1 9 ord] t he :o pray$ might look at ! direct ea/ 7,orig4 ,,xv1 iv74 ,,app5dix ,c ,,on ,,! ,,design ,,( ,,! ,,analogium1 ,,ambo ,,or ,,rood ,,l(t1 ,,& ,,! ,,read+ ,,( ,,! ,,gospel ,,f ,,x #a4 ,we h not$ a=e1 t ! prie/1 9 ! celebration ( ,mass1 :5 x is n ,high ,mass1 himself reade? ! gospel4 ,b :5 a bi%op or prie/ celebrate? ,high ,mass ) ! highe/ solemnity1 !n1 9 "s *ur*es1 z at ,rome1 ! deacon hav+ kiss$ ! #ahj "r h& ( ! bi%op1 take? ! book ( ! gospel f ! alt>1 & give? x to ! sub-deacon to be>1 & aske? & receive? ! bi%op's or prie/'s bless+4 ,b 9 o!r *ur*es1 he fir/ aske? = ! bless+ be=e he take? ! book4 ,! b5$iction hav+ be5 be/[$1 ! deacon proce$e? along ! s\? side ,footnote #fag ( ! *oir to ! rood l(t1 & be=e him goe? ! sub-deacon ) ! volume ( ! gospel1 & be=e him ! inc5se-be>] ) inc5se2 & be=e him ! tor*-be>] ) light$ tap]s1 & be=e him 9 "s *ur*es ! bann] ( ! cross3 & ?us !y asc5d ! rood l(t4 ,& ! deacon reade? ! gospel3 ! :i* be+ f9i%$1 !y return to ! prie/ or bi%op toge!r4 ,:i* ?+s we w m p>ticul>ly g ?r\gh4 ,x is also to be not$1 t 9 "s *ur*es1 ! deacon1 :5 ab\t to g to ! rood l(t1 beg9ne? ! antiphon :i* foll[e? b5$ictus 9 ! nocturns1 & :ile he is go+ ?i!r1 x is tak5 up1 & f9i%$ by ! *orus1 to set =? *>ity3 & x is sung )\t in/rum5ts1 to d5ote t ,god comm&e? u to h love alone4 ,& n[ is ! figure *ang$3 = ! deacon1 :o be=e repres5t$ ,s4 ,john ,bapti/1 n[ sette? =? ,s4 ,john ,evangeli/3 because '! law & ! prophets 7 until ,john3 ,footnote #fah & aft] him ! k+dom ( heav5 is prea*$4' ,footnote #fag3 ,z is well kn[n1 d\ble /aircases to rood l(ts appe> to h be5 almo/ z common 9 ,engl& z s+le ones3 & !re are sometimes1 especially 9 ,norfolk *ur*es1 two correspond+ rood turrets4 ,footnote #fah3 #b ,s4 ,luke xvi1 #af4 #b4 ,& ! ^w evangelium meane? good tid+s2 f ,greek text1 well1 & ,greek text1 a mess5g]4 ,= ! prea*+ ( ,*ri/ & ,8 apo/les is inde$ a gospel1 z proclaim+ ,life aft] dea?1 ,re/ aft] lab\r1 a ,k+dom aft] slav]y4 #aha #c4 ,& ye are to wit1 t z ! head ha? pre-em95ce ov] ! o!r memb]s ( ! body1 & z ! o!r memb]s obey x3 s ! gospel is ! pr9cipal ?+ ( all t are said 9 ! (fice ( ! ,mass1 & ha? ! pre-em95ce1 & :atev] ?+s be !re read1 or sung1 !y cons5t to x1 z may well be p]ceiv$4 #d4 ,! deacon !re=e fir/ kisse? ! h& ( ! bi%op 9 sil5ce1 because ! prea*] mu/ proclaim ! gospel = ! sake ( et]nal glory1 z sai? ! sp\se 9 ! ,canticles1 ',8 "r h& %all embrace me4' ,footnote #fai ,also because ! angel :i* came to ann\nce ! glory ( ,*ri/'s ,resurrection did sit on ! "r h&1 clo!d 9 :ite4 ,footnote #fbj ,9 o!r *ur*es1 h[ev]1 he do? n kiss1 b only b[+ aske? = a bless+4 ,b ! sub-deacon or deacon do? n kiss ! h&s1 b ! feet1 ( ! ,roman ,pontiff1 t he may exhibit ! greate/ rev]5ce to ! greate/ bi%op1 & %[ t he is ,8 ,vic>1 ,^: feet ! woman t 0 a s9n] kiss$4 ,footnote #fba ,= 8 foot/ool is to be ador$ because x is holy4 ,^: feet also1 :5 ,he _h ris5 f ! dead1 ! woman held & ador$4 ,g5]ally1 none ought to kiss ! h& ( ! ,roman ,pontiff1 unless :5 he receive? some?+ f 8 h&s1 or give? some?+ to !m3 to %[ t we ought on bo? acc\nts to give ?anks unto ,him1 ,:o give? to all ( ,8 own1 & receive? f none4 ,footnote #fai3 ,canticles ii1 #f4 ,footnote #fbj3 ,s4 ,m>k xvi1 #e4 ,footnote #fba3 ,s4 ,luke vii1 #cg4 #e4 ,! deacon incont95tly !reaft] take? ! book ( ! gospel f ! alt>1 because ! ',law %all g =? out ( ,sion1 & ! ,^w ( ! ,"l f ,j]usalem'3 ,footnote #fbb n ! ,mosaic ,law :i* w5t =? ( ,s9ai1 b ! ,gospel ,law1 ( :i* ! ,prophet sai?1 ',behold ! days come1 sai? ! ,"l1 t ,i w make a new cov5ant ) ! h\se ( ,jacob & ) ! h\se ( ,israel4' ,footnote #fbc ,footnote #fbb3 ,micah iv1 #b4 ,footnote #fbc3 ,j]emiah xxxi1 #ca4 #ahb ,! book is also tak5 f ! alt>1 because ! apo/les receiv$ ! gospel f ! alt>1 :5 !y w5t ab\t prea*+ ! ,passion ( ,*ri/4 ,or ! alt> 9 ?is place signifie? ! ,jews1 f :om ! k+dom ( ,god is tak51 & giv5 unto a nation t w d its fruits3 & f ?is1 t ! gospel is tak5 f ! alt>1 we le>n1 t x is ! ,^w ( ,god1 :i* is signifi$ by ! alt>1 accord+ to t say+1 ',an alt> ( e>? %all ye make unto me4' ,footnote #fbd ,footnote #fbd3 ,exodus xx1 #bd4 #f4 ,b he take? x1 accord+ to "s1 f ! "r side ( ! alt>3 because ! ,*ur* ( ! ,jews1 :5ce our ,*ur* spr+e?1 0 situate 9 ! ea/3 & place? x on ! left1 z x is writt51 ',8 left h& is "u my head1 & 8 "r h& do? embrace me'3 ,footnote #fbe & t = a ?reefold cause4 ,fir/ly1 ! gospel tea*e? t ?+s cele/ial1 :i* be signifi$ by ! "r1 be pref]r$ to ?+s t]re/rial1 :i* ! left h& sette? =?4 ,secondly1 ! book is incl9$ on ! left %\ld]1 to signify t ! prea*+ ( ,*ri/ %all pass f ! ,g5tiles1 z x is writt53 ',9 ^? days ,israel %all be sav$4' ,footnote #fbf ,?irdly1 because 9 temporal life1 :i* is set =? by t side1 ne$ful is x t ,*ri/ %\ld be prea*$3 & ! book ( ! gospel is 9 "s *ur*es adorn$ on ! outside ) gold & gems4 ,b ! book rema9e? on ! alt>1 f ! "t t ! prie/ goe? !re1 till ! gospel be read1 because x1 9 ?is respect1 signifie? ,j]usalem3 s9ce ! gospel 0 fir/ prea*$ 9 ,j]usalem1 & rema9$ !re f ! adv5t ( ! ,"l till x 0 publi%$ to ! ,g5tiles4 ,z he sai?1 ',f ,sion %all g =? ! laws4' ,footnote #fbg ,= ,j]usalem 0 ! place ( ! ,passion1 :i* is also set =? by ! alt>4 ,footnote #fbe3 ,canticles ii1 #f4 ,footnote #fbf3 ,romans xi1 #bf4 ,footnote #fbg3 ,micah iv1 #b4 #ahc #g4 ,!reaft] he seeke? ! b5$iction3 because none mu/ prea* unless he be s5t4 ,accord+ to t say+1 ',h[ %all !y prea*1 except !y be s5t8' ,footnote #fbh ,& ! ,"l sai? to ,8 disciples1 ',pray ye !re=e ! ,"l ( ! h>ve/ t ,he may s5d =? lab\r]s into ,8 h>ve/4' ,footnote #fbi ,b ,esaias1 :5 he _h he>d ! voice ( ! ,"l1 say+1 ',:om %all ,i s5d1 & :o w g = u8' ,footnote #fcj made answ] & said1 ',"h am ,i1 s5d me4' ,& ! ,"l said1 ',g & tell ?is p1' etc4 ,footnote #fbh3 ,romans x1 #ae4 ,footnote #fbi3 ,s4 ,matt1 ix1 #ch4 ,footnote #fcj3 ,isaiah vi1 #h1 #i4 #h4 ,aga91 ,moses prefigur$ ?is k9d ( bless+3 :o1 :5 he _h asc5d$ unto ! m\nta91 receiv$ ! tables ( ! law & ! bless+1 & gave ! comm&m5t to ! p4 ,& ! ,"l also ,himself bless$ ! ord] ( deacons1 & gave x ! ,holy ,_s & s5t x to prea* ?r\gh ! :ole _w4 ,! bi%op !re=e1 or ! prie/1 visibly blesse? ! deacon :o is ab\t to read ! gospel1 :i* he did n d to ! sub-deacon :5 ab\t to read ! epi/le1 because ,*ri/ s5t ! law & ! prophets1 :i* be signifi$ by ! epi/le1 :ile he rema9$ hidd5 f ! _w3 b aft] t he _h visit$ x1 & conv]s$ ) m5 ,he s5t =? ,8 apo/les & evangeli/s1 & taught !m1 say+1 ',g & tea*1 say+1 ! k+dom ( heav5 is at h&4' ,footnote #fca ',& !y w5t ?r\gh ! villages1 evangelis+1 & do+ cures ev]y:]e4' ,& he s5de? him to read ! gospel1 to note t ,*ri/ s5t ! apo/les to prea* ! k+dom ( ,god4 ,footnote #fca3 ,s4 ,mat!w x1 #g4 #i4 ,b ! deacon1 lay+ up 9 8 he>t ! ?+s :i* 7 said 9 ! b5$iction1 mu/ /udy to %[ himself pure 9 he>t1 clean 9 words1 *a/e 9 de$1 t he may be able to set =? ! gospel wor?ily1 because ! f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]s1 t is1 ! gospel1 do? n fl[ freely1 except f ,libanus1 t is1 f a *a/e he>t1 & a pure m\?4 #ahd ,= praise is n seemly 9 ! m\? ( a s9n]2 nay r ( ! s9n] sai? ,god1 ',:at ha/ ?\ to d to set =? ,my ord9ances1 & take ,my cov5ant into ?y m\?4' ,footnote #fcb ,& !re=e he is =tifi$ by ! sign ( ! cross1 & !n hav+ receiv$ lic5se & b5$iction1 z is a=esaid1 & hav+ made ! sign ( ! cross1 t he may walk 9 safety1 proce$e? to ! rood l(t 9 sil5ce1 ) 8 eyes fix$ on ! gr\nd3 be>+1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( "s *ur*es1 no?+ 9 8 h&1 z ! ,"l comm&$ ! apo/les :om ,he s5t to prea* ! k+dom ( ,god4 ',take1' sai? ,he1 'no?+ = ! j\rney1 & salute no "o4' ,footnote #fcc ,b 9 o!r *ur*es ! deacon be>e? a book1 z %all be said h]eaft]4 ,b :5 he come? to ! rood l(t1 he salute? x1 z ent]+ into a h\se to :i* he (f]e? peace1 & passe? f ! "r side ( ! *oir to ! left1 z he _h be=e transf]r$ ! book f ! "r to ! left side4 ,= :5 ! ,jews _h refus$ ! ,^w ( ,god1 x 0 prea*$ to ! ,g5tiles1 :o are und]/ood by ! left side4 ,footnote #fcb3 ,psalm #a 7,deus ,deorum7 #af4 ,footnote #fcc3 ,s4 ,mat!w x1 #aj4 #aj4 ,9 ! ,roman ,*ur*1 & 9 c]ta9 o!rs1 ! sub-deacon asc5de? ! rood l(t "o way1 ,footnote #fcd & ! deacon ano!r3 because ! "o proce$e? to an increase ( k by tea*+1 ! o!r by le>n+3 & because ! m9i/] by ! m]it ( 8 works1 & ! prea*] by ! m]it ( 8 words1 proce$e? to an increase ( righte\sness4 ,:5ce ! ,psalmi/3 ',?y righte\sness /&e? l ! m\nta9s ( ,god'3 ,footnote #fce b !y bo? return to ! bi%op by ! same way1 because by f9al p]sev]ance !y atta9 _! rew>d1 #ahe z ! ,"l te/ifie?1 say+3 ',he t endure? to ! end1 ! same %all be sav$4' ,footnote #fcf ,& t prea*+ suffice? n )\t good de$s4 ,= ',jesus began bo? to d & to tea*4' ,footnote #fcg ,!re=e ! prea*] returne? by ! same way by ! :i* ! m9i/] _h gone up4 ,moreov]1 he t is ab\t to read ! gospel goe? & asc5de? by "o way1 & returne? by ano!r1 accord+ to t say+1 ',!y return$ into _! own c\ntry ano!r way'3 ,footnote #fch because ! apo/les did fir/ prea* to ! ,jews & !n to ! ,g5tiles3 z x is writt51 ',s9ce ye h ca/ f y ! ,^w ( ,god1' ,footnote #fci & ! re/4 ,footnote #fcd3 ,p] dextram p>tem4 ,we are to imag9e1 9 ! :ole ( ?is description1 ! spectators suppos$ to face ! alt>4 ,s 9 ! fifte5? *apt] ( ?is book1 ! epi/le is said to be read 9 dext]a p>te4 ,footnote #fce3 ,psalm xxxvi 7dixit inju/us71 #f4 ,footnote #fcf3 ,s4 ,mat!w x1 #bb4 ,footnote #fcg3 ,acts i1 #a ,footnote #fch3 ,s4 ,mat!w ii1 #ab4 ,footnote #fci3 ,acts xiii1 #df4 #aa4 ,! sub-deacon prec$e? ! deacon 7because ,john & 8 prea*+ prec$$ ,*ri/ & ,8 prea*+71 c>ry+ 9 "s *ur*es a cu%ion2 :i* he may place "u ! book4 ,by ! cu%ion1 on :i* ! book re/e?1 be set =? ! temporal ?+s ( life1 z x is writt53 ',if we h s[n spiritual ?+s1 is x a great matt] if we reap y\r temporal ?+s8' ,footnote #fdj ,= accord+ to ! ,apo/le1 ',!y :i* s]ve ! alt>1 eat ( ! alt>4' ,footnote #fda ,= '! lab\r] is wor?y ( 8 hire4' ,footnote #fdb ,& ! ,"l taught u ! law1 ',?\ %alt n muzzle ! ox :5 x treade? out ! corn4' ,footnote #fdc ,aga91 a cu%ion is plac$ "u ! book to d5ote t :i* ! ,"l sai?1 ',my yoke is easy1 & ,my burd5 light4' ,footnote #fdd ,au/9 sai?1 ',to ?is yoke :osoev] is subject1 ha? all ?+s subject to him4' ,footnote #fdj3 ,i ,cor9?1 ix1 #aa4 ,footnote #fda3 ,i ,cor9?1 ix1 #ac4 ,footnote #fdb3 ,s4 ,luke x1 #g4 ,footnote #fdc3 ,deut]on4 xxv1 #d4 ,footnote #fdd3 ,s4 ,mat!w xi1 #cj4 ,! cu%ion !re=e d5ote? ! sweetness & pleasure t arise? f ! comm&s ( ,god4 ,:5ce ! ,prophet1 ',?\1 ,o ,god1 ha/ ( ,?y goodness prep>$ = ! poor4' ,footnote #fde ,footnote #fde3 ,psalm lxviii 7,exurgat ,deus71 #aj4 #ahf ,& aga91 ',o h[ sweet are ,?y words unto my ta/e4' ,footnote #fdf ,yet 9 ! ,roman ,*ur*1 ! deacon goe? fir/1 z ! tea*]3 sub-deacon foll[e? z ! le>n]3 ! "o prec$e?1 t he may prea*1 ! o!r foll[e?1 t he may m9i/]4 ,b aft] ! read+ ( ! ,gospel1 ! sub-deacon1 z be+ n[ suffici5tly in/ruct$1 returne? fir/1 hav+ 9 8 h& ! gospel1 z br++ back ! gospel z ! fruit ( 8 m9i/rations3 accord+ to t :i* ! ,"l promis$3 ',he t receive? a prophet 9 ! "n ( a prophet %all receive a prophet's rew>d4' ,footnote #fdg ,:om !re=e ! deacon s5de? a=eh& to ! bi%op1 to %[ t he is br++ back ! fruit ( 8 prea*+3 conc]n+ :i* ! ,"l comm&$1 ',i h call$ y t ye %\ld g & br+ =? fruit1 & t y\r fruit %\ld rema94' ,footnote #fdh ,moreov]1 ! deacon1 be>+ back ! cu%ion & gospel1 signifie? t ! prea*] ought1 by 8 good works1 to (f] 8 life to ,god4 ,:5ce ! ,apo/le1 ',:atsoev] ye d 9 ^w & de$1 d all 9 ! "n ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4' ,footnote #fdi ,footnote #fdf3 ,psalm cxix 7,beati immaculati71 #ajc4 ,footnote #fdg3 ,s4 ,mat!w x4 #da4 ,footnote #fdh3 ,s4 ,john xv1 #af4 ,footnote #fdi3 ,colos4 iii #ag4 #ab4 ,! deacon also s5de? a=eh& ! ?urible ) inc5se1 because ! works ( ,*ri/ prec$$ ,8 doctr9e4 ,z x is writt51 ',jesus began to d1 & to tea*4' ,b ! ?urible ) inc5se signifie? pray] ) devotion1 :i* ! fai?ful !n *iefly ought to employ :5 !y he> ! ^w ( ,god4 ,aga91 he do? x1 because ! prea*] mu/ s5d =? ! sweet od\r ( good works3 accord+ to t say+ ( ! ,apo/le3 ',we are a sweet sav\r ( ,*ri/ 9 e place4' ,footnote #fej ,he ^: life is despis$ ne$s is x t ,8 prea*+ also is contemn$4 ,footnote #fej3 #b ,cor9?1 ii1 #ae4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #ahg ,! cross prec$e? ! gospel 9 tok5 t ! prea*] mu/ foll[ ! ,crucifi$4 ,:5ce ! ,"l sai? to ,pet]1 ',foll[ ,me4' ,aft] ?is1 ! deacon asc5de? ! ambo ! rood l(t4 #ag4 ,n[ ambo meane? ! pulpit1 :5ce ! gospel is read1 s call$ f ambio to surr\nd because t place is surr\nd$ ) /eps4 ,9 "s *ur*es also !re be two asc5ts1 "o left1 namely t[>ds ! ea/1 :]e ! deacon asc5de?2 "o to ! "r1 namely t[>ds ! we/1 :]e he desc5de?4 4 4 4 4 4 #ah4 ,he asc5de? t he may read ! gospel ) a l\d & cle> voice3 z t :i* is to be he>d ( all1 accord+ to t say+ ( ! ,prophet1 ',o ?\ t evangelise/ to ,sion1 get !e up into ! high m\nta94' ,footnote #fea ,footnote #fea3 ,isaiah xi1 #i4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ,also t we may imitate our ,"l1 ,:o w5t up into a m\nta91 ,footnote #feb t ,he might prea* ! gospel4 ,! gospel is also read 9 a l(ty & em95t place1 because x ha? be5 prea*$ ?r\gh\t all ! _w3 z x is writt53 ',_! s\nd is gone out unto all l&s4' ,footnote #fec ,b ! epi/le is read 9 a l[] place1 z typify+ ! law1 :i* 0 conf9$ to ,judea alone1 z x is writt53 ',9 ,jewry is ,god kn[n4' ,footnote #fed ,footnote #feb3 ,s4 ,mat!w v1 i4 ,footnote #fec3 ,psalm xix 7,coeli en>rant71 #d4 ,footnote #fed3 ,psalm lxxv 7,notus 9 ,judea71 ,i4 4 4 4 4 4 #ai4 ,b 9 a ,mass ( requiem ! gospel is n read 9 t exalt$ place1 b at ! alt>1 to signify t prea*+ pr(ite? n ! dep>t$4 4 4 4 4 4 #bj4 ,also ! gospel is read f an eagle1 accord+ to t say+1 ',he came fly+ ^u ! w+s ( ! w9ds4' ,footnote #fee ,& ! eagle itself is cov]$ ) a cov]+ ( clo? or silk1 on c]ta9 fea/s1 to signify ! s(tness ( ! he>t3 z he sai?1 ',i w take away ! /ony he>t out ( y\r fle%1 & w give y a he>t ( fle%4' ,footnote #fef ,footnote #fee3 ,psalm xviii 7,diligam ,te71 #aj ,footnote #fef3 ,ezekiel xi1 #ai4 4 4 4 4 4 #ahh #ba4 ,b he t reade? ! gospel passe? to ! left side3 & sette? 8 face to ! nor?1 t ! say+ may be fulfill$1 :i* is writt51 ',i w say to ! nor? give up1 & to ! s\? keep n back' ,footnote #feg 7,dur&us1 ,book ,,iv1 *ap4 xxiv74 ,footnote #feg3 ,isaiah xliii1 #f4 ,,app5dix ,d ,,on ,,! ,,sign ,,( ,,! ,,cross ,9 ! second *apt] ( 8 fif? book ,dur&us ent]s at great l5g? into ?is subject4 ,! reason = mak+ ! sign is to drive away evil spirits1 :o1 z ,s4 ,*ryso/ome says1 'always flee :5 !y see ! sign ( ! cross1 z fe>+ t /aff by :i* !y h be5 w\nd$4' ,! pole on :i* ! braz5 s]p5t 0 rais$1 ! cross+ ( ,jacob's h&s :5 bless+ ,joseph's *ildr51 ! m>k tau 7,ezekiel ix1 #d7 on ! =ehead1 & ! seal on ! =ehead 9 ! ,apocalypse1 are "s ( ! repres5tations ( ! cross "h alleg$4 ,! cross is to be made ) ?ree f+]s1 t is1 ! ?umb & two f+]s1 9 hon\r ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,! ,jacobites & ,euty*ians use only "o f+]4 ,next ! diff]5t me?ods ( cross+ are discuss$4 ,! sign ought to be made at ! end ( ! gospel1 ! cre$s1 ! ,"l's ,pray]1 ! ,gloria 9 excelsis1 ! ,sanctus1 ! ,agnus ,dei1 ! ,b5$ictus1 ,magnificat1 ,nunc dimittis1 at ! beg9n+ ( ! h\rs1 ! end ( ! ,mass1 :5 ! prie/ gives ! b5$iction1 & :5ev] m5tion is made ( ! ,cross ( ! ,crucifi$4 ,see also our au?or 9 8 six? book ,de die ,p>asceu4 #ahi ,,app5dix ,e ,,on ,,! ,,f\r ,,col\rs ,,us$ ,,9 ,,*ur* ,,hang+s1 ,,etc4 #a4 ,!re be f\r pr9cipal col\rs1 by :i*1 accord+ to ! div]sity ( days1 ! ,*ur* di/+ui%e? h] ve/m5ts3 to wit1 :ite1 r$1 black1 & gre54 ,= we read t 9 ! g>m5ts ( ! law !re 7 f\r col\rs1 f9e l951 purple1 jac9?1 sc>let4 ,! ,roman ,*ur* also use? violet & saffron1 z %all be said bel[4 #b4 ,:ite ve/m5ts be us$ 9 ! fe/ivals ( holy confessors1 & virg9s :i* be n m>tyrs1 on acc\nt ( _! integrity & innoc5ce4 ,= x is writt51 ',h] ,naz>ites 7 :it] ?an sn[4' ,footnote #feh ,& aga93 ',!y %all walk ) ,me 9 :ite3 ,footnote #fei = !y are virg9s3 & foll[ ! ,lamb :i!rsoev] ,he goe?4' ,on acc\nt ( ! same ?+ :ite is us$ on ! fe/ivals ( angels2 conc]n+ :om ! ,"l sai? to ,lucif]3 ,footnote #ffj ,footnote #feh3 ,lam5tations iv1 #g4 ,footnote #fei3 ,! bi%op "h confuses two passages1 ,apocal4 iii1 #d1 & xiv1 #d4 ,( ! same subject ,laev9us ,torr5tius says beautifully 9 8 hymn on ! ,holy ,innoc5ts3 ,ergo supremi p>te coeli1 lactea qua lucidum fulget via1 ,qua picta dulci /illat uva nect>e1 et nect> exhalant rosae1 ,loeti coronis luditis1 et insignium mixti puell>um *oris ,sacrum can5tes itis agnum c&ido quacunque praec$at p$e4 ,footnote #ffj3 ,a misquotation ( ! bi%op's4 ,! words are address$ to ,job4 ,job xxxviii1 #g4 #aij ',:]e wa/ ?\ 4444 :5 ! morn+ />s sang toge!r8' ,also 9 all ! fe/ivals ( ! ,holy ,"m ( ,god4 ,9 ! fea/ ( ,all ,sa9ts3 yet "s !n use r$4 ,9 ! pr9cipal fe/ival ( ,s4 ,john ,evangeli/4 ,footnote #ffa ,9 ! conv]sion ( ,s4 ,paul4 ,9 ! ca!dra ( ,s4 ,pet]4 ,footnote #ffb ,also f ! vigil ( ! nativity ( our ,"l to ! octave ( ! ,epiphany3 bo? inclusive2 except+ ! fe/ivals ( ! m>tyrs includ$ 9 t p]iod4 ,footnote #ffc ,9 ! nativity ( our ,"l1 & also ( ,8 ,=]unn]1 because ea* 0 born pure4 ',= ! ,"l rode ^u a light cl\d1' ,footnote #ffd t is1 took unto ,himself s9less humanity1 '& ent]$ ,egypt1' t is1 came into ! _w3 z sai? ! angel to ! virg91 ',! ,holy ,gho/ %all come ^u !e1 & ! p[] ( ! ,highe/ %all ov]%ad[ !e4' ,footnote #ffe ,b ,john1 al?\gh he 7 born 9 s91 0 sanctifi$ f ! womb3 accord+ to t say+1 ',be=e ?\ came/ =? f ! womb ,i sanctifi$ !e4' ,footnote #fff ,& ! angel sai? to ,ze*>ias1 ',he %all be fill$ ) ! ,holy ,gho/ f 8 "m's womb4' ,footnote #ffg ,also :ite is us$ 9 ! ,epiphany1 on acc\nt ( ! spl5d\r ( t /> :i* l$ ! wise m51 z sai? ! ,prophet1 '& ! ,g5tiles %all come to ?y light1 ,footnote #ffh & k+s to ! brightness ( ?y ris+4' ,9 ! purification also1 on acc\nt ( ! purity ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y3 :i*1 accord+ to ,simeon1 gave bir? to 'a light to light5 ! ,g5tiles1 & ! glory ( ,?y p ,israel4' ,footnote #ffi ,footnote #ffa3 ,t is1 on ! #bg? ( ,decemb]1 ! day ( 8 'deposition'3 ! o!r fea/1 kept 9 memory ( 8 deliv]ance f ! boil+ oil1 be=e ! ,lat9 gate1 & !re=e call$ ,s4 ,joannes ante ,portam ,lat9am1 is ! #e? ( ,may4 ,footnote #ffb3 ,! #bbnd ( ,febru>y4 ,footnote #ffc3 ,:i* are ,s4 ,/eph51 ! ,holy ,innoc5ts1 ,s4 ,?omas ( ,cant]bury4 ,footnote #ffd3 ,isaiah xix1 #c4 ,footnote #ffe3 ,s4 ,luke i2 #ce4 ,footnote #fff3 ,j]emiah i1 #c4 ,footnote #ffg3 ,s4 ,luke i1 #ae4 ,footnote #ffh3 ,isaiah ,ix1 #c4 ,footnote #ffi3 ,a v h>% con/ruction3 b surely pref]able to t by :i* ! ,bless$ ,virg9 h]self is spok5 ( z ! promis$ light4 #aia ,on ,maundy ,?ursday1 to set =? ! ano9t+1 :i* is consecrat$ to ! purification ( ! s\l4 ,= ! gospel on t day pr9cipally sette? =? purity2 ',he t is wa%$ ne$e? n save to wa% 8 feet1 b is clean e :it'3 & aga91 ',if ,i wa% !e n1 ?\ ha/ no "p ) me4' ,footnote #fgj ,x is also us$ ) ! (fice ( ! ,mass f ,ea/] ,eve until ! octave ( ! ,asc5sion inclusive3 except on ! rogation days & int]v5+ fe/ivals ( m>tyrs4 ,on ,ea/] ,day1 on acc\nt ( ! angel :o br\ght ! tid+s ( ! ,resurrection1 :o appe>$ 9 :ite g>m5ts3 conc]n+ :om ,mat!w te/ifie?1 say+1 ',8 c\nt5ance 0 z lightn+1 & 8 g>m5t :ite z sn['3 ,footnote #fga & also because *ildr51 :5 baptis$1 are clo!d 9 :ite4 ,s also on ! ,asc5sion1 because ( ! bright cl\d 9 :i* ,*ri/ asc5d$4 ',= two m5 /ood by !m 9 :ite g>m5ts1 :i* also said4 ,ye m5 ( ,galilee1' ,footnote #fgb etc4 ,footnote #fgj3 ,s4 ,john xiii1 #aj4 ,footnote #fga3 ,s4 ,mat!w xxviii1 #c4 ,footnote #fgb3 ,acts i1 #aa4 #c4 ,& ?is is to be not$1 t albeit 9 ! consecration ( bi%ops1 ! ve/m5ts be ( ! col\r suitable = ! day1 at ! d$ication ( a *ur* !y be ev] :ite1 on :at day soev] ! c]emony be celebrat$3 s9ce 9 ! consecration ( a bi%op ! ,mass ( ! day is sung1 b 9 ! d$ication ( a *ur*1 ! ,mass ( d$ication is sung4 ,= ! ,*ur* is call$ by ! title ( a virg93 accord+ to t say+ ( ! ,apo/le1 ',= ,i h betro!d y to "o man1 t ,i may pres5t y z a *a/e virg9 to ,*ri/4' ,footnote #fgc ,conc]n+ :i* sai? ! bridegroom 9 ! ,canticles3 ',?\ art altoge!r fair1 my love1 & !re is no spot 9 !e4' ,footnote #fgd ,b ?is ve/m5t ought to be :ite1 to signify t h] g>m5ts mu/ at all times be pure1 t is1 h] life mu/ be spotless4 ,also 9 ! octaves ( ^? ( ! a=esaid fea/s :i* h octaves1 ! :ite col\r is us$4 ,footnote #fgc3 #b ,cor9?ians ii1 #aa4 ,footnote #fgd3 ,canticles i1 #ae4 #aib #d4 ,sc>let ve/m5ts are us$ on ! fe/ivals ( ! apo/les1 evangeli/s1 & m>tyrs1 on acc\nt ( ! blood ( _! passion1 :i* !y p\r$ out = ,*ri/4 ,= '^! be !y :i* came out ( great tribulation4' ,footnote #fge ,except on ! fea/ ( ! innoc5ts1 z %all be said bel[4 ,also on ! fea/ ( ! ,cross1 because ,*ri/ on ! cross p\r$ out ,8 blood = u4 ,:5ce ! ,prophet1 ',:]e=e is ?9e app>el r$1 z "o t treade? out ! w9e vat8' ,footnote #fgf ,b accord+ to o!rs1 we !n use :ite ve/m5ts3 because x is n ! fea/ ( ! passion1 b ( ! inv5tion1 or exaltations4 ,footnote #fgg ,also f ! vigil ( ,p5teco/ to ,tr9ity ,sunday inclusively3 & ?is on acc\nt ( ! f]v\r ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 :i* appe>$ 9 fi]y tongues on ! apo/les4 ',= !re appe>$ unto !m div]s tongues z ( fire4' ,footnote #fgh ,:5ce ! ,prophet3 ',he s5t a fire 9 _! bones4' ,al?\gh 9 ! m>tyrdom ( ,,ss4 ,pet] & ,paul bo? r$ & :ite be us$3 & 9 ! nativity ( ,s4 ,john ,bapti/1 :ite3 b 9 8 decollation1 r$4 ,footnote #fge3 ,apocalypse vii1 #ad4 ,footnote #fgf3 ,isaiah lxiii1 #b4 ,footnote #fgg3 ,bo? reta9$ by our ,*ur*4 ,! =m] 7,may #c7 in/itut$ 9 commemoration ( ! discov]y ( ! ,true ,cross1 by ,s4 ,hel5a3 ! o!r 7,sept4 #ad71 :i* regulates ! emb] days 9 t mon?1 9 hon\r ( its recapture f ,*osroes by ! ,emp]or ,h]aclius4 ,footnote #fgh3 ,acts i1 #a4 #e4 ,b :5 h] fe/ivity is celebrat$1 :o 0 bo? a virg9 & m>tyr1 ! m>tyrdom take? prec$5ce ( ! virg9ity2 because x is a sign ( ! mo/ p]fect love3 accord+ z ! ,tru? sai?1 ',great] love ha? no man ?an ?is1 t a man lay d[n 8 life = 8 fri5ds4' ,footnote #fgi ,:]e=e on ! commemoration ( ,all ,sa9ts1 "s use sc>let3 b o!rs1 & among !m ! ,roman ,*ur*1 :ite3 at :i* "t ! ,*ur* sai?1 ',!y %all walk 9 ! sight ( ! ,lamb ) :ite g>m5ts3 & palms 9 _! h&s4' ,footnote #fhj ,footnote #fgi3 ,s4 ,john xv1 #ac4 ,footnote #fhj3 ,apocalypse vii1 #i4 #aic ,:5ce ! sp\se sai? 9 ! ,canticles3 ',my belov$ is :ite & ruddy3 :ite 9 ,8 confessors & virg9s1 ruddy 9 ,8 apo/les & m>tyrs4' ,= ^! are ! fl[]s ( roses1 & ! lilies ( ! valley4 ,aga9 !y :o use sc>let on ! fea/ ( ,all ,sa9ts1 d x ) t int5t because t fea/ 0 fir/ in/itut$ 9 hon\r ( ,all ,m>tyrs4 ,footnote #fha ,b answ] may be made t x 0 also 9 hon\r ( ! bless$ ,virg93 & t at ! pres5t "t1 aft] ! decree ( ,s4 ,gregory ,,vii1 ! ,*ur* keepe? t day holy to ! memory ( confessors & virg9s4 ,also1 ! octaves ( ^! days foll[ ! col\r ( ! fea/s !mselves4 ,footnote #fha3 ,?is alludes to ! hi/ory ( ! fea/ ( ,all ,sa9ts4 ,pope ,boneface obta9$ a grant ( ! ,pan!on f ! ,emp]or ,phocas3 & d$icat$ x 9 hon\r ( ,s4 ,m>y & ,all ,m>tyrs4 ,?is 0 on ! #aa? ( ,may3 & ! fea/ ( ,all ,m>tyrs 0 kept on t day "u ! title ( ,s4 ,m>ia ad ,m>tyres4 ,s4 ,john1 hav+ confess$ be=e ! ,lat9 gate on ! #f?1 ! fea/ 0 subsequ5tly kept on t day4 ,b ,gregory ,,iv transf]r$ x to ,nov4 #a/1 because ! h>ve/ 0 !n ga!r$ 93 & because ! fea/ ( ,all ,apo/les be+ kept on ,may #a/1 ! o!r w\ld answ] to x half-ye>ly4 ,all ,m>tyrs occurs1 9 a solit>y in/ance1 z an ,engli% d$ication3 ,all ,apo/les n to be f\nd 9 ?is c\ntry1 has be5 adopt$ 9 ,g]many4 #f4 ,black is us$ on ,good ,friday3 & on days ( ab/95ce & affliction3 & also 9 rogations4 ,moreov]1 9 ^? processions :i* ! ,roman ,pontiff make? ) b>e feet3 & 9 ,masses ( requiem1 & ,septuagesima to ,ea/] ,eve4 ,= ! sp\se sai? 9 ! ,canticles1 ',i am black b comely1' ,footnote #fhb etc4 ,b on ! fea/ ( ! ,innoc5ts1 "s use black on acc\nt ( sadness1 "s sc>let4 ,! =m] allege ! text1 ',9 ,rama 0 a voice he>d1' ,footnote #fhc etc4 ,& = ! same cause canticles ( joy are omitt$3 & ! mitre is br\ght )\t ! orfrey1 on acc\nt ( ! m>tyrdoms to :i* ! ,*ur* ha? pr9cipally an eye1 :5 %e sai?1 ',i saw b5ea? ! ?rone ! s\ls1' ,footnote #fhd etc4 ,footnote #fhb3 ,canticles i1 #e4 ,footnote #fhc3 ,j]emiah xxxi1 #ae2 ,s4 ,mat!w ii1 #ah4 ,footnote #fhd3 ,apocalypse vi1 #i4 #aid 7,s also on ,sunday1 ,laet>e ,footnote #fhe ,j]usalem1 ! ,roman ,pontiff be>e? a mitre1 beautifi$ ) ! orfrey1 on acc\nt ( ! joy :i* ! gold5 ,footnote #fhf rose signifie?1 b on acc\nt ( ! "t be+ "o ( sadness1 he we>e? black ve/m5ts47 ,b ! ,roman ,*ur*1 :5 ! fe/ival falle? on a week-day1 use? violet1 b on ! octave1 r$4 ,footnote #fhe3 ,palm ,sunday4 ,footnote #fhf3 ,?is ref]s to ! celebrat$ gold5 rose bless$ by ! ,roman ,pontiff on t day3 & s5t 9 tok5 ( approval to "s ,ca?olic pr9ce4 ,"s ( our read]s may rememb] t :i* 0 lately exhibit$ along ) ! gold5 alt>s ( ,basle4 #g4 ,9 f9e1 on common days gre5 ve/m5ts be employ$3 because gre5 is ! middle col\r betwe5 black1 :ite1 & r$2 & specially betwe5 ! octave ( ,epiphany & ,septuagesima3 & betwe5 ,p5teco/ & ,adv5t1 9 ! ,sunday (fice1 ?is col\r is us$4 #h4 ,z he sai?1 ',cypress ) n>d1 n>d & crocus4' ,footnote #fhg ,to ^! f\r col\rs be ! o!rs ref]r$2 to wit1 ! sc>let to ! r$1 ,footnote #fhh ! violet to ! black1 ! f9e l95 to ! :ite1 ! saffron to ! gre54 ,b "s ref] ! roses to m>tyrs1 ! saffron to confessors1 ! lilies to virg9s4 ,footnote #fhg3 ,canticles iii1 #f4 ,b ! quotation is n exact4 ,footnote #fhh3 ,?is passage seems v corrupt4 #i4 ,x is n unmeet to use ! violet on ^? days = :i* black is appo9t$4 ,:5ce ! ,roman ,*ur* use? x f ! fir/ ,sunday 9 ,adv5t1 to ! ,mass ( ! vigil ( ! nativity1 inclusive3 & f ,septuagesima to ,ea/] ,eve exclusive4 ,b on ! fea/s ( ,sa9ts on ,septuagesima & ,adv5t1 violet or black is n to be us$4 ,& note t on ,ea/] ,eve 9 ! :ole (fice be=e ,mass violet is us$1 except t ! deacon :o blesse? ! tap]1 & ! sub-deacon :o m9i/]e?1 we> a :ite dalmatic & tunic1 respectively3 because t b5$iction p]ta9e? to ! ,resurrection1 z do? also ! ,mass4 ,b ! b5$iction be+ f9i%$1 ! deacon putte? (f ! dalmatic1 & putte? on a violet *esible3 ! sub-deacon1 h[ev]1 *ange? n 8 ve/m5ts4 #aie ,"s also use :ite 9 ! procession on ,palm ,sunday3 & 9 ! bless+ ( ! b\ghs1 & :ile ! hymn ,gloria1 laus1 et honor1 is sung1 on acc\nt ( ! joy ( t fe/ivity4 ,b ! ,roman ,*ur* use? violet3 z x do? also 9 ! procession on ,c&lemas ,day2 because t (fice treate? ( ! anxi\s expectation ( ,simeon1 & sav\re? ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 #aj4 ,x also use? t col\r 9 ! ,septemb] emb] days1 & on ! vigils ( sa9ts1 :5 ! ,mass is ( ! vigil3 & on ! rogation days1 & 9 ,mass on ,s4 ,m>k's ,day4 ,footnote #fhi ,= :5 we fa/1 !n we br+ "u our fle%1 t x may be con=m$ to t ( ,*ri/1 ',by ! lividness ( ^: /ripes we be heal$4' ,footnote #fij ,footnote #fhi3 ,:e!r !re be any sup]/iti\s fa/+ on ,s4 ,m>k's ,day8' is a "q :i* sometimes occurs 9 ! ,visitation ,articles ( ,ar*bp4 ,p>k] & 8 contempor>ies4 ,footnote #fij3 ,isaiah liii1 #e4 ,! :i* to express we use violet1 :i* is a pale1 & z x 71 a livid col\r 7,dur&us1 ,book ,,iii1 #ah74 ,,app5dix ,f ,,( ,,bells ,,be+ ,,n ,,rung ,,= ,,?ree ,,days ,,be=e ,,ea/] ',on ^! ?ree days ! bells be sil5t1 because ! apo/les & prea*]s & o!rs :o be und]/ood by bells 7 !n sil5c$4 ,= ! s\nd ( bells do? signify ! s\nd ( prea*+3 ( :i* x is said1 ,_! s\nd ha? gone out into all l&s4 ,= at t "t !y no long] w5t r\nd ! t[ns & villages prea*+ ! gospel1 b aft] !y _h sung an hymn !y w5t out ) ,jesus to ! ,m\nt ( ,olives4 ,to :om :5 ! ,"l _h said1 ,behold he is at h& #aif t do? betray ,me1 !y slumb]$ = sadness1 & ceas$ f praises4 ,:5ce also f compl9e1 or vesp]s1 :5 our ,"l 0 betray$ beg9ne? ! sil5ce ( ! bells4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 d n s\nd _! bells beyond prime ( ?is fif? day ( passion week4' 7,dur&us1 ,book ,,vi1 #gb1 #gc74 ,,app5dix ,g ,! au?ority = ! d$ication fe/ival is our ,"l's obs]v+ ! fea/ ( ! d$ication ( ! ,temple4 ,?is fe/ival has an octave3 z also _h ! ,jewi% fea/1 ?\gh ! ,passov] & fea/ ( ,tab]nacles _h n4 ',b ?is fe/ival specially d5ote? t et]nal d$ication1 9 :i* t o!r *ur*1 ! holy s\l1 %all be s d$icat$ & unit$ to ,god t x %all nev] be transf]r$ to o!r uses3 :i* w take place 9 ! octave ( ! ,resurrection4' ,! ,psalms = ! (fice ( ! fe/ival are ! ,dom9i e/ t]ra1 ,judica me ,dom9e1 ,deus no/] refugium1 ,magnus ,dom9us1 ,quam dilecta1 ,fundam5ta ejus1 & ,dom9e ,deus 7,dur&us1 ,book ,,vii1 #dh74 ,,app5dix ,h ,,on ,,! ,,d$ication ,,( ,a ,,*ur* ,! foll[+ p>ticul>s are extract$ & cond5s$ f ,m>t5e's invaluable "w3 & z 8 acc\nt is n easily accessible1 & some:at long1 x has be5 ?\ght well to subjo9 !m "h4 #aig ,*ur*es 7 (t51 9 ! primitive ages1 d$icat$ by m ?an "o bi%op4 ,con/ant9e hav+ complet$ a magnific5t *ur* at ,j]usalem1 invit$ ! prelates1 !n assembl$ 9 c\ncil at ,tyre1 to assi/ 9 its consecration 7,euseb4 ,vit4 ,con/4 iv1 #dc2 ,sozom54 i1 #df74 ,con/antius 8 son1 hav+ f9i%$ a *ur* erect$ by 8 fa!r at ,antio*1 ,eusebius ( ,nicom$ia1 ! intrud+ patri>* ( ,con/ant9ople1 summon$ a c\ncil "u pret5ce ( consecrat+ ! *ur*1 h[ev] mu* 9 reality to decide aga9/ ! ,ca?olic doctr9e ( ,consub/antiality4 ,n9ety-sev5 bi%ops 7 pres5t 7,sozom54 iii1 #e74 ,s x 0 also 9 ! ,we/]n ,*ur*4 ,?is is prov$ by ! ,preface to ! ,f\r? ,c\ncil ( ,aries1 hold5 9 #ebd3 :i* beg9s1 ',:5 ! prie/s ( ! ,"l _h assembl$ 9 ! w ( ,god to ! d$ication ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>y at ,aries4' ,9 ! "t ( ,s4 ,l\is1 ,pope ,pascal ,i consecrat$ ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,v9c5t1 ) ! ,sacr$ ,college ( ,bi%ops & ,c>d9als4 ,ab\t ! ye> #ajae1 ! crypt ( ! mona/]y ( ,s4 ,mi*ael 0 consecrat$ by ,s4 ,b]n>d ( ,hild]%eilm & two o!r bi%ops2 & ?ree ye>s aft]w>ds1 ! *ur* be+ f9i%$1 x 0 consecrat$ by ! same ,s4 ,b]n>d ) ?ree o!r bi%ops 7,vita ,s4 ,b]n>di4 cap4 xxxix1 xl74 ,all ^! bi%ops took an actual "p 9 ! s]vice4 ,9 ! consecration ( ! *ur* ( ,mans1 9 #aabj1 ! high alt> 0 consecrat$ by ,gilb]t1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,mans3 ,s4 ,julians by ,galfr$ ( ,r\53 ,hildeb]t ( ,mans consecrat$ ,s4 ,m>y's2 ,reg9ald ( ,angl]s t ( ! ,holy ,cross4 ,!re is a f9e passage to ! same po9t 9 ,sug]ius's book on ! d$ication ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,d5is3 ',"r e>ly 9 ! morn+1' sai? he1 'ar*bi%ops & bi%ops1 ar*deacons & abbots1 & o!r v5]able p]sons1 :o _h liv$ ( _! prop] #aih exp5se1 bore !mselves "r bi%opfully2 & took _! places on ! plat=m rais$ = ! consecration ( ! wat]1 & plac$ betwe5 ! sepul*res ( ! holy m>tyrs & ,s4 ,savi\r's alt>4 ,!n might ye h se51 & !y :o /ood by saw1 & t ) great devotion1 su* a b& ( s v5]able bi%ops1 array$ 9 _! :ite robes1 sp>kl+ 9 _! pontifical robes & preci\s orfreys1 grasp _! pa/oral /aves1 call on ,god 9 holy exorcism1 pace ar\nd ! consecrat$ enclosure1 & p]=m ! nuptials ( ! ,great ,k+ ) su* c>e1 t x seem$ z ?\gh ! c]emony 7 p]=m$ by a *orus ( angels1 n a b& ( m54 ,! cr[d1 9 ov]:elm+ magnitude1 roll$ ar\nd to ! door2 & :ile ! a=esaid episcopal b& 7 spr9kl+ ! walls ) hyssop1 ! k+ & 8 nobles drive !m back1 repress !m1 gu>d ! portals4' ,yet ! pr9cipal actor on ! occasion 0 ! bi%op ( ! diocese4 ,! ?irty-six? canon ( ! second ,c\ncil ( ,aries decrees1 ',if a bi%op be m9d$ to build a *ur* 9 ano!r diocese1 let its d$ication be res]v$ = ! diocesan4' ,s4 ,columbanus1 be+ only a prie/1 d$icat$ ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,aurelia 7,walfrid4 ,/rabo4 ,vita ,s4 ,gallo1 cap4 vi74 ,! prec$+ night 0 sp5t ei!r 9 ! *ur* or 9 neighb\r+ *ur*es 9 a solemn vigil4 ,s4 ,ambrose te/ifies t ?is 0 done on occasions ( ! d$ication ( ! ,ambrosian *ur* 7,epi/4 #bb1 ad ,m>cell9a74 ,s ,s4 ,gregory ( ,mans1 9 8 d$ication ( ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,julian1 remov$ ! relics ( t sa9t into ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,m>t91 & !re kept vigil 7,de ,glor4 ,m>t1 ii1 #cd74 ,relics 7 consid]$ indisp5sably necess>y3 s ,s4 ,paul9us 7,epi/1 xxxii1 ad ,sev]47 ,?is *ur* 0 d$icat$ 9 ! "n ( ,*ri/1 ! ,sa9t ( sa9ts1 ! ,m>tyr ( m>tyrs1 ! ,"l ( lords1 & 0 hon\r$ #aii ) ! relics ( ! bless$ apo/les4 ,see also ! beautiful epi/le ( ,s4 ,ambrose1 translat$ 9 ',! ,*ur* ( ! ,fa!rs4' ,! phrase 01 ,consecr>e ecclesiam de reliquiis ,beati n4 ,yet "s *ur*es 7 consecrat$ )\t relics4 ,! second ,nic5e ,c\ncil decre$ t 9 ?is case !y %\ld be suppli$4 ,^? portions ( ! consecrat$ elem5ts 7 plac$ ) ^!3 to :i* p]haps t expression ( ,s4 ,*ryso/om is to be ref]r$--',:at is ! alt> by nature b a /one8 ,b x is made holy1 :5 x ha? once receiv$ ! body ( ,*ri/4' ,^! relics occupi$ diff]5t positions4 ,9 ! *ur* ( ,s4 ,b5$ict1 consecrat$ by ,pope ,alex&] ,,ii1 !re 7 relics 9 ! *apel-apse ( ,s4 ,john1 9 ! bases ( ! pi]s1 9 ! f\r angles ( ! bell t[]1 9 ! cross on ! we/]n gable1 9 ! cross ( ! t[] 7,*ron4 ,cass1 iii1 #cj74 ,a%es 7 spr9kl$ on ! floor1 & ! bi%op ) 8 pa/oral /aff wrote on !m ! alphabet1 sometimes 9 ,lat9 alone1 sometimes 9 ,greek also4 ,! :ole c]emony conclud$ ) ! end[m5t ( ! *ur*3 or1 z x 0 t]m$1 pres5t+ its d[ry4 ,by way ( sett+ be=e our read]s z cle>ly z possible ! anci5t =m ( d$ication1 we h *os51 among t5 =ms pres]v$ by ,m>t5e1 t ( ,s4 ,dun/an4 ,"h beg9ne? ! ord] ( ! d$ication ( a *ur*4 ,! bi%ops & o!r m9i/]s ( ! *ur* advance s++ ! antiphon1 ',zac*eus1 make ha/e & come d[n1' etc4 ,prev5t u1 ,o ,"l1 9 all our1 etc4 #bjj ,!n twelve c&les are to be light$1 & plac$ r\nd ! *ur*1 ) ! antiphon1 ?ree f ! ea/1 ?ree f ! we/1 ?ree f ! nor?1 ?ree f ! s\?4 ,god1 :i* by ! prea*+ ( ,?9e apo/les1 did/ op5 to ,?y ,*ur* ! ,k+dom ( ,heav51 & did/ call !m ! ,lights ( ! _w1 grant1 we besee* ,!e1 t be+ assi/$ by _! pray]s1 by ^: tea*+ we are guid$1 & spl5d\r illum9at$1 we may make ^! our actions pleas+ to ,?y ,div9e ,maje/y4 ,"h foll[e? ! ,litany3 ! prie/s go+ ?rice r\nd ! *ur*1 & beg9n+ f t door at :i* !y be aft] to ent]1 namely1 ! s\? door4 ,o ,*ri/1 he> u1 etc4 ,prev5t u1 ,o ,"l1 ) ,?y t5d] m]cy1 & by ! int]cession ( ,?y sa9ts1 receive our pray]s graci\sly4 ,let our pray]s1 ,o ,"l1 come up be=e ,!e1 & expel all wick$ness f ,?y ,*ur*4 ,god1 :i* rule/ heav5 & e>?1 graci\sly give u ! aid ( ,?y def5ce4 ,!n "o ( ! deacons ent]+ ! *ur*1 & %utt+ ! door /&e? be=e x1 ! o!rs rema9+ )\t3 & ! bi%op /rik+ x ) 8 /aff1 sai?3 ,lift up y\r heads1 ,o ye gates1 & be ye lift up1 ye ev]la/+ doors1 & ! ,k+ ( ,glory %all come 94 ,! deacon )9 answ]e?1 & sai?3 ,:o is ! ,k+ ( ,glory8 ,! ,bi%op4 ,lift up1 etc4 ,! ,deacon4 ,:o is1 etc4 ,! ,bi%op4 ,lift up1 etc4 ,! ,deacon4 ,:o is1 etc4 ,*orus4 ,! ,"l ( ,ho/s1 ,he is ! ,k+ ( ,glory4 #bja ,! bi%op aga9 /rik+ ! door x is op5$3 & he ent]e?3 ! *orus s++ aft] him1 ,lift up y\r heads1 etc41 to ! end ( ! ,psalm4 ,! ,bi%op4 ,! ,"l be ) y4 ,response4 ,& ) ?y _s4 ,! ,bi%op4 ,let u pray3 ,we besee* ,!e1 ,o ,"l1 ( ,?y m]cy1 to ent] ,?y h\se1 & to make = ,?yself an habitation 9 ! he>ts ( ! fai?ful4 ,?r\gh1 etc4 ,!n ! bi%op ent]e? ! *oir1 say+3 ,peace be to ?is h\se1 & to all t are 9 x2 peace to !m t come 91 & to !m t g out4 ,bless1 ,o ,"l1 ?is h\se1 :i* ! sons ( m5 h built = ,!e3 he> ^? :i* %all come up to ?is place3 he> _! pray]s 9 ! l(ty ?rone ( ,?y glory4 ,! cl]ks beg9 ! ,litany2 ! bi%op1 ) c]ta9 prie/s & deacons1 rema9+ pro/rate at ! alt>4 ,"l h m]cy ^u u1 etc4 ,z soon z ,agnus ,dei is said1 ! bi%op1 ris+1 sai?3 ,let u pray4 ,be ,?\ exalt$4 ,"l1 9 ,?9e own /r5g?1 etc4 ,!n ! bi%op %all write ! alphabet along ! pavem5t1 ,footnote #fia fir/ f ea/ to we/1 !n f nor? to s\?1 ! *orus say+ ! ,psalm1 ,fundam5ta ejus4 ,footnote #fia3 ,9 ! treatise ( ! ,m>t4 ,remigius1 ,de ,d$icatione ,ecciesiae1 we h ! foll[+ explanation ( ?is s+ul> cu/om3 ',a ?+ :i* might appe> pu]ile1 unless x _h be5 in/itut$ by m51 great 9 dignity1 spiritual 9 life1 apo/olical 9 discipl9e4 ,9 all ?+s ( ?is k9d1 ! ,"l by ,8 example ha? gone be=e u3 & :at ,he ha? done1 rema9e? un*angeable 9 8 successors4 ,:at is und]/ood by ! alphabet save ! beg9n+s & rudim5ts ( sacr$ doctr9e8 ,:5ce ,s4 ,paul1 ,ye h ne$ t "o tea* y aga91 :i* be ! fir/ pr9ciples ( ! oracles ( ,god4 ,!re=e ! bi%op write? ! alphabet1 to signify t he tea*e? ! pure doctr9e ( ! gospel4 ,he write? ! alphabet twice1 & t 9 ! figure ( a cross1 to signify t ! ,passion ( ,*ri/ is set =? by ! gospel 9 its purity4 ,he write? x 9 ! angles ( ! *ur*1 because by !m be set =? ! f\r corn]s ( ! _w4 ,he beg9ne? f ! ea/1 because ! gospel began f ! ,jews4' ,!re is probably "s ref]5ce to ! ,savi\r's /oop+ d[n1 & writ+ 9 ! s&4 ,we may also comp>e ^? s+ul> & r>e bells1 9 :i* ! only inscription r\nd ! cr[n consi/s ( ! lett]s ( ! alphabet4 #bjb ,! ,bi%op4 ,o ,god1 make spe$1 etc4 ,response4 ,o ,"l1 make ha/e1 etc4 ,! ,bi%op4 ,glory be1 etc4 ,response4 ,z x1 etc4 ,!n foll[e? ! exorcism ( ! salt1 & ! wat]1 & ! a%es4 ,!n ! bi%op make? ! sign ( ! cross at ! f\r corn]s ( ! alt>1 ) hyssop1 go+ r\nd x sev5 times4 ,! *orus s+ ! ,psalm1 ,mis]]e mei ,deus4 ,!n ! bi%op spr9kle? ! wat] ?ree times r\nd ! *ur*3 ! *orus s++ ,deus no/] refugium4 ,!n ! bi%op spr9kle? ! wat] ov] ! alt>3 ! *orus s++ ,qui habitat4 ,!n ! bi%op spr9kle? ! :ole *ur* inside ) ! wat] ?rice3 to signify ! ,*ur*'s inw>d fai? 9 ! ,tr9ity3 & once outside1 to signify ! "o baptism4 ,! *orus s+ ,fundam5ta ejus2 & :ile ! prie/s are asc5d+ ! turrets1 ,jacob beheld a ladd]1 etc41 & ! ,psalm ,deus no/] refugium4 ,!n ! bi%op ent]e? ! *ur*3 & spr9kle? wat] on ! pavem5t 9 ! =m ( a cross3 ! *orus s++ ,b5$icite1 omnia op]a4 ,! ,bi%op4 ,lift up y\r he>ts4 ,response4 ,we lift1 etc4 ,! ,bi%op4 ,let u give ?anks1 etc4 ,response4 ,x is meet1 etc4 ,!n ! bi%op goe? to ! alt>1 & p\re? ! rema9d] ( ! wat] at its base4 ,!n he blesse? ! alt>-/one1 ! alt> clo!s1 ! sac]dotal ve/m5ts1 ! corporal1 ! pat51 ! *alice1 ! ?urible4 ,"h foll[e? ! ,mass ( ,d$ication4 ,! po/ communion end$1 ! ,bi%op sai?3 #bjc ,incl9e1 ,o ,"l1 ,?9e e>s unto me1 & he> me3 ,look d[n1 ,o ,*ri/1 f heav51 on ?y flock & ?y %eep3 /ret* ,?9e h& ov] !m3 bless _! bodies & _! s\ls3 t 9 ! communion ( ! sa9ts !y may receive cele/ial b5$iction1 light angelical1 ! ,holy ,gho/1 ! ,p>aclete4 ,am54 ,!y :o be reg5]ate ( wat] & ! ,holy ,gho/ :o be r$eem$ on e>? by ,?y preci\s blood1 :o h receiv$ ,?y sign on _! =eheads1 grant !m to be ,?9e on ! day ( judgm5t4 ,am54 ,& z ,?\ did/ bless patri>*s & prophets & apo/les1 m>tyrs & confessors1 virg9s & prie/s1 s bless ?is flock1 :o are assembl$ to-day 9 ,?y "n 9 ?is *ur*4 ,am54 ,& z by ,?9e angel ,?\ did/ free ! ?ree *ildr5 f ! burn+ fi]y furnace1 s free ?is flock f ev]la/+ dea? & ! p[] ( ! devil1 & f e>?ly lu/s & all mann] ( weaknesses4 ,am54 ,sp>e _! faults1 remit _! s9s1 & pres5t !m pure & undefil$ 9 ! day ( judgm5t3 z ,?\ did/ receive ,eno* & ,elias into ! k+dom ( heav54 ,am54 ,god ,almighty bless & keep y1 & make ?is h\se to %9e ) ! glory ( ,8 pres5ce1 & op5 ! eyes ( ,8 pity ^u x day & night4 ,am54 ,& grant ( ,8 m]cy1 t all1 :o h assembl$ toge!r at ?is d$ication1 by ! int]cession ( ,bless$ ,n41 & all o!r sa9ts ^: relics re/ "h1 may obta9 ! remission ( _! s9s4 ,am54 ,t ye may be made a holy temple 9 ! _s1 :]e ! ,holy ,tr9ity may ev] deign to dwell2 & aft] ?is %ort life ye may atta9 to ev]la/+ felicity4 ,am54 ,:i* ,he grant4 ,:o live? & reigne?1 _w )\t end4 ,am54 #bjd ,,app5dix ,i ,,add5da ,page #f4--;,x %[s h[ little ,dur&us c rightly be *>g$ ) fancifulness1 :5 we f9d him class+ among c]emonial precepts1 rites = :i* ! ,rabbis & _m mod]n expositors h giv5 a symbolical reason4 ,page #bc4--',! lattice "w ( ! w9d[s4' ,wrongly translat$ 9 ,lewis1 '! scre5s be=e ! w9d[s4' ,page #be4--,?is passage proves t 9 ! "t & c\ntry ( ,dur&us seats or *airs except 9 ! *oir 7 unkn[n4 ,?\gh 9 ,engl& ,e>ly ,engli% or ,e>ly ,decorat$ op5 seats d occur1 z 9 ,clapton-9-,gordan1 ,som]set%ire1 !y are v r>e1 & take up mu* less ( ! *ur* ?an is ! case 9 lat] examples4 ,see ',hi/1 ( ,pews1' #crd ed41 pp4 #ai1 #bj1 #gi4 ,page #ci4--,! read] is aw>e t ! words 9 m$io ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian alt>s gave rise to ! w>me/ disputes betwe5 ! ,puritans & ! ,ca?olics ( ! #ag? c5tury4 ,! ,puritans insi/$ t !y meant 9 ! body ( ! *ur*3 ! ,ca?olics g5]ally1 & m p>ticul>ly t mo/ able def5d] ( alt>s1 ,dr4 ,laur5ce1 insi/$ t :5 ! fa!rs spoke ( an alt] 9 m$io1 !y only meant "o s plac$ z to be :]e all might see x4 ,! words und\bt$ly may be> ?is mean+3 yet p]haps x is bett] to und]/& !m1 z !y mu/ be und]/ood 9 ?is passage ( ,dur&us1 ( an alt> plac$ 9 ! *ord ( ! segm5t ( a circle =m$ by ! apse4 ,see ,ecclesiologi/1 vol4 ii1 p4 #ac4 ,page #df1 note #bj4--,?is is a mi/ake4 ,! fresco allud$ to repres5ts a prie/ repeat+ ! ,pat] ,no/] 7:i* is writt5 9 8 op5 book7 at ! ,n4 ,w4 angle ( an alt>4 ,^u ! alt> are two c&le/icks & a ciborium3 ris+ out ( ! latt] is ! figure ( our ,bless$ ,"l4 ,!re c be no d\bt ( ! objectionable nature ( su* a repres5tation4 ,page #ed--,! nimbus ( ! ,savi\r1 x is p]haps ne$less to obs]ve 9 explanation1 is always inlaid1 z x 71 ) a cross3 at lea/ ! exceptions are excessively r>e4 ,page #ed--,^! 'c>v$ figures' probably signify ! corbels4 ,page #ed1 note #ed4--,!re is a valuable article on ! nimbus by ,m4 ,didron f ! ,revue ,gnrale de l',ar*itecture 9 ! ,lit]>y ,gazette = ,dec4 #ahdb4 ,an example is !re giv5 ( ! squ>e nimbus 9 ! case ( ,pope ,ni*olas1 z repres5t$ 9 a contempor>y ,,ms4 ,! :ole is well wor? read+4 ,page #ajb4--;,d$ication crosses4 ,we h se5 a valuable example ( ^! 9 ! *ur* ( ,moorl9*1 ,som]set%ire4 ,!re are f\r circles conta9+ crosses pattes on ! nor? & s\? sides ( ! *ancel2 & two at ! ea/ end1 9 all t53 ! o!r two h disappe>$4 ,page #adf4--,! bodies ( good m5 call$ horses4 ,! same idea is work$ out at great l5g? 9 ,s4 ,*ryso/om's e>li] homilies on ! ,/atues4 #bje ,page #agj4--;,b h[ great is ! admiration1 etc4 ,comp>e ,s4 ,hildeb]t's hymn1 ,exrta portam1 t[>ds ! conclusion3 ,qauntum tui gratul5tur1 ,quam fe/ive conviv5tur ,quis affectus eos /r+at1 ,et quae gemma muros p+at1 ,quis *alc$on1 quis jac9tus1 ,norunt i/i1 quis sunt intus6 ,! la/ l9e has ! same beautiful turn ) ! expression ( ,hugh ( ,s4 ,victor4 ,page #ahj4--,mo/ ( ! foll[+ practices are obs]v$ to ?is day 9 ! ,metropolitical ,*ur* ( ,seville4 ,!re are two ambones1 b no rood l(t3 ! sub-deacon *ants ! epi/le by himself1 9 ! s\!rn ambo2 ! deacon1 prec$$ by a tap]1 *ants ! gospel f ! nor!rn4 ,page #ahb4--,s ,s4 ,b]n>d 9 8 comm5t>y on t v]se ( ! #ij? ,psalm1 ',a ?\s& %all fall at ?y side1 & t5 ?\s& at ?y "r h&4' #bjf #bjg ,,index ,abbots1 h[ repres5t$1 #eb ,aga!nsian1 ! ,c\ncil1 #de ,agnus ,dei1 ,!1 #dg ,alex&]1 ,pope1 #abd ,alphabet1 inscription (1 #ih ,allegory1 #f ,alt> c&le/icks1 #eh ,alt> rails1 #bf ,alt>s1 /ripp$ on ,good ,friday1 #fa ,alt>s1 _! consecration1 #aac ,alt>s1 :y encircl$ sev5 times at consecration1 #aai ,alt>e di/+ui%$ f ara1 #cd ,anagoge1 #g ,analogium1 see ,rood ,l(t ,angels1 h[ repres5t$1 #dg ,antio*1 ,c\ncil (1 #aig ,antiphonal *ant+1 #ba ,apo/les1 !1 h[ repres5t$1 #ej ,appodiatio1 expla9$1 #fb ,ark ( ,te/imony #ce its cont5ts1 #cf ,aries1 ,f\r? ,c\ncil (1 #aig ,arnaldi/ae1 #aci ,augu/9e1 ,s41 #di1 #hd1 #he1 #acf1 #aeb ,basilica1 #ac ,b>u?1 leg5d (1 #hi ,bell rope1 #gd ,bells1 :5 fir/ us$1 #ga :at !y signify1 #gb sil5t1 :51 #aif ,b]n>d1 ,s41 #aca1 #aci ,bev]/one *ur*1 #df ,bi%op1 ! consecration ( a1 #ade ,bi%op/one1 #ai ,black1 :5 us$1 #aid ,boneface ,,iv'1 ,pope1 #id ,brea/plate1 h[ made1 #aj ,bur*>dus1 ,s41 #fd ,burial ( h]etics 9 cemet]ies1 #aaa ,cambridge ,camd5 ,society1 #he ,cambridge1 ,s4 ,sepul*re1 #ee ,cambridge1 ,s4 ,giles1 #bf ,capella1 :5ce d]iv$1 #ad ,c>?age1 ,c\ncil (1 #aeh ,cavilla1 #gd ,cell>1 #cj ,cem5t1 its symbolism1 #ag ,cemet]y1 #hb ,co5obium1 #ad ,*alices1 _! mat]ials1 #fh ,*ancels1 l[] ?an nave1 #bf ,*ancels1 #age ,*ancel1 m holy ?an nave1 #bj ,*rism1 #acg ,*ri/mas1 h[ *ur*es are to be adorn$ at1 #fe ,*rysologus1 ,s4 ,pet]1 #di ,*ur*1 its mean+s1 #ab ,*ur*es1 :5 to be mov$1 #cb ,clem5t1 ,s41 ( ,rome1 #df ,cloi/]1 #bi ,cobham *ur*1 #df ,co!l/one *ur*1 #ed ,cock1 !1 #afe ,comm&s1 moral1 #e ,cone1 #bc ,confessors1 h[ repres5t$1 #eb ,consecration ( a *ur*1 #hh ,con/ant9e builds a *ur* at ,j]usalem4 #aig ,cos9s1 ,bi%op1 #aed #bjh ,ciamp9i1 #ajc1 #abf ,cross1 ! sign ( !1 #ahh ,cross triumphal1 #bh ,cross *ur*es1 #ba ,crosses1 ! five1 t m>k an alt>1 #aad ,crypts1 #bb ,curta9s1 ( ! tab]nacle1 #ae ,cymbalum1 #gg ,d$ication crosses1 #ih ,degrees1 songs (1 #dc ,depuls>e di/+ui%$ f compuls>e1 #gh ,d]by1 ! ,e>l (1 #agi ,div9e ,maje/y1 !1 h[ repres5t$1 #ec ,division1 ( ! :ole "w1 #aa ,door1 #bd ,dormitory1 #cj ,dorsals1 #ef ,d[s+1 ,william1 #bf ,dun/an1 ,s41 8 =m ( d$ication1 #aii ,dur&us1 8 _m occupations1 #afa ,dy+1 !1 lay 9 sackclo? & a%es1 #adi ,egleton *ur*1 #ee ,epiphany1 :at ev5ts celebrat$ !reon1 #aee ,evangeli/ic symbols1 #dh ,ev>i/us1 ,pope1 #aeh ,exet] ca!dral1 #ba ,extreme unction1 #aci1 #adh ,fau/9us1 ,s41 8 leg5d1 #hd ,felix ,,iii1 ,pope1 #hi ,f]culum1 #bh1 #afg ,frescoes1 #de ,glass1 #bc ,gospel1 !1 fix$ on ! alt>1 #fj :y n read f ! rood l(t 9 a ,mass ( requiem1 #ahg ,gre51 :5 us$1 #aid ,gregory1 ,s41 #ed1 #gc1 #ge1 #ia1 #aeb ,greeks1 !1 h[ !y pa9t sa9ts1 #dc ,hadd5ham1 #ad ,h5ry1 ,s41 8 %r9e1 #dh ,holy1 di/+ui%$ f sacr$1 #ha ,horologium1 #bg ,horses1 ! bodies ( good m51 :y s call$1 #adf ,h\rs1 !1 expla9$1 #ge ,hugh ( ,s4 ,victor1 8 ',my/ical ,mirror' #afc ,human body1 its resemblance to a *ur*1 #ai ,hyssop1 its virtues1 #ie ,idolatry1 a prote/ aga9/1 #dd ,+oldsby ,leg5ds1 _! pr(anity1 #hd ,isidore1 ,s41 #hc1 #acg1 #aee1 #aef ,j]usalem1 its v>iety ( significations1 #h rebuilt1 #ah ,john1 ,s41 ,evangeli/1 8 confessions1 #ch ,j\rneys1 ! ,savi\r's sev51 #aai ,kilpeck *ur*1 #ai ,kyriake1 #ac ,lat]an1 ,s4 ,john1 its alt> to ! we/1 #agg ,lattice-"w1 #bc ,litt]1 #cd1 #afg ,ll&anwg *ur*1 #df ,ludl[ *ur*1 #ba ,lyons1 ,c\ncil (1 #da ,ma*pelah1 #hc ,mans1 d$ication ( a *ur* !re1 #aih ,m>riages1 :5 =bidd51 #aed second1 #aei ,m>tyrs1 h[ repres5t$1 #eb ,m>tyrium1 #ad ,m>y1 ,s41 ,magdal5e1 #abf ,maundy ,?ursday1 #aec ,m5de1 #b ,mirror ( ,magi/rates1 #i ,moleon1 ,de1 8 ',voyage ,liturgique1' #fg ,montague1 ,bi%op1 #ca ,murd]]s1 limits ( "r ( sanctu>y4 #cb ,my/ical1 its mean+1 #e ,nola1 #gg ,nolula1 #gg ,nimbus1 !1 #ed ,ori5tation1 #ai1 #agg1 seq4 ,orfrey1 !1 #ei ,ornam5ts ( *ur*es n to be pr(an$1 #fi ,o/ri* eggs1 :y hung 9 *ur*es1 #fg ,oxt$ *ur*1 #ej ,palm]s1 #eb ,p>adise1 h[ repres5t$1 #ed #bji ,p>?ian sk9s1 #ai ,patri>*s1 h[ repres5t$1 #ea ,pavem5t1 #bd ,phylact]ium1 diff]5ce betwe5 x & phylact]ia1 #eg ,pictures1 _! use1 #de ,pi]s1 #bd ,pisc9a1 #bg ,pity1 h[ five-fold1 #acj ,podium1 #he ,portfolio1 !1 :at x repres5ts1 #ef ,prie/s1 unlett]$1 #d all[$ to consecrate *ur*es1 #af ,prophets1 h[ repres5t$1 #ea ,pre/on *ur*1 #ed ,pro!sis1 table (1 #c ,prynne1 #ba ,pyx1 !1 #ef ,pulpit1 #bf ,rationale1 reason ( ! "n1 #aj ,reconciliation ( a *ur*1 #ajg ,reconsecration1 :5 to be practis$1 #aje ,remigius ,monk1 #bja ,relics requir$ = ! consecration ( a *ur*1 #aih ,ri*>d ( ,cremona1 #aci ,r+1 ! w$d+1 #aef ,r++1 v>i\s k9ds (1 #gg ,rod ( wea!rcock1 #bc ,rood l(t1 #bf turrets1 two1 common 9 ,norfolk1 #ahj ,r\nd *ur*es1 #ba ,sacram5ts def9$1 #aeb _! nature1 #b ,sacram5tal1 di/+ui%$ f c]emonial1 #e ,sug]ius1 #aig ,sambuca1 !1 #ajj ,sanctu>y1 !1 #bj ,savi\r1 our1 v>i\s repres5tations (1 #df ,sav9ianus1 ,pope1 #ge ,sc>let1 :5 us$1 #ahi ,scuta1 !1 #ei ,seal1 !1 ( an alt>1 #aje ,second ,day1 :y x _h no bless+4 #gi ,s5ses ( ,holy ,scripture1 #e ,sep>ation ( m5 & wom51 #cj ,signum1 #gg ,sion1 di/+ui%$ f ,j]usalem1 #ac ,snuff]s1 !1 #eh ,sacri/y1 #bg ,/alls1 #be ,squilla1 #gf ,/eph51 ,pope1 #gj ,/ones ( a *ur*1 _! symbolism1 #ag ,sylve/]1 ,s41 #aci ,synagogue nev] appli$ to a *ur*1 #ac ,te ,deum1 me?od ( *ant+1 #gh ,temple1 ,aslackby *ur*1 #ba ,?i]s1 ,fa!r1 #bf ,tie-beams1 #be ,tiles1 #bg ,tol$o1 ,c\ncil (1 #da ,tongs1 !1 #ei ,torr5tius1 ,laev9us1 #ahi ,t[]s1 #bb ,treasures ( ! *ur*1 :y exhibit$1 #ff ,unctions1 #acd ,v>iety ( rites1 #h ,veils1 _! v>i\s k9ds1 #fa ,vigilantius1 #eg ,vigil1 ( ! d$ication ( a *ur*1 #aih ,violet1 :5 us$1 #aic ,virg9s1 diff]5ce betwe5 & cont95t1 #bj h[ repres5t$1 #eb ,vladimir1 ,s41 8 conv]sion1 #ee ,walls1 :y f\r1 #bj ,wat]1 ,holy1 #aae1 #aga ,wea!rcock1 #bb ,:ite clo?s cov] ! alt>1 :y1 #dj ,:ite1 :5 us$1 #ahi ,wid=d *ur*1 #df ,wom51 _! heads to be uncov]$1 #ca ,york1 ,s4 ,lawr5ce1 #ee