,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,e ef=t has be5 made to replicate ?is text z fai?fully z possible4 ,"s *anges h be5 made4 ,!y are li/$ at ! end ( ! text4 ,italic text has be5 m>k$ ) und]scores4 ,bold text has be5 m>k$ ) equals signs4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,/uff ,,birds ,,& ,,animals ,,h[ ,,to ,,/uff ,,birds ,,& ,,animals ,a ,,valuable ,,book4 ,,giv+ ,,in/ruction ,,9 ,,collect+1 ,,prep>+1 ,,m\nt+1 ,,& ,,pres]v+ ,,birds1 ,,animals ,,& ,,insects ,,new ,,york ,,frank ,,t\sey1 ,publi%] #bd ,union ,squ>e ,ent]$ accord+ to ,act ( ,congress1 9 ! ye> #aijb1 by ,,frank ,,t\sey1 9 ! ,(fice ( ! ,libr>ian ( ,congress at ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c4 ,,h[ ,,to ,/uff ,birds & ,animals4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,sk9n+1 ,,prep>+1 ,,& ,,m\nt+ ,,! ,,mammalia1 ,,or ,,quadrup$s4 ,,sk9n+4 ,:5 a quadrup$ is kill$1 & its sk9 int5d$ = /uff+1 ! prep>atory /eps are to lay ! animal on its back1 & plug up its no/rils1 m\?1 & any w\nds x may h receiv$1 ) cotton or t[1 to prev5t ! blood f disfigur+ ! sk94 ,! fox w s]ve admirably our purpose z an example4 ,!re=e1 ,reyn>d be+ procur$1 we ne$ n say h[1 lay him on 8 back 9 ! same position z be=e recomm5d$2 &1 hav+ fir/ /uff$ ! m\? ) cotton & ti$ x up1 & measur$ 8 neck & body ) rule & calip]s1 & not$ !m1 proce$4 ,make an incision f ! la/ rib ne>ly to ! v5t1 b n q up to x4 ,hav+ done s1 proce$ to raise ! sk9 all r\nd ! incision z f> z ! ?ighs1 fir/ sk9n+ "o side & !n ! o!r1 us+ ! flat end ( ! knife 9 pref]5ce to ! blade to raise ! sk94 ,hav+ rea*$ ! h9d legs1 sep>ate ! latt] at ! femur or ?igh-bone1 close to ! backbone1 leav+ ! legs atta*$ to ! sk94 ,n[ sk9 ! head-qu>t]s close up to ! tail1 & sep>ate f ! body at ! la/ v]tebr1 tak+ c>e n to injure ! sk94 ,pull ! sk9 ov] ! heads ( ! hip-jo9ts1 & n[ ! c>cass may be susp5d$ by ! h9d-qu>t]s1 :ile ! sk9 is /ripp$ by pull+ x g5tly & cutt+ t[>ds ! =e-qu>t]s4 ,! =e legs are sep>at$ f ! body1 z ! h9d ones _h be51 close to ! %\ld]-bone1 & ! sk9 pull$ fairly ov] ! head & close to ! nose1 :5 ! head is sep>at$ f ! body by cutt+ ?r\gh ! la/ v]tebr ( ! neck4 ,reyn>d is n[ sk9n$1 ! head1 legs & tail be+ all atta*$ to ! sk91 f :i* ! c>cass is sep>at$4 ,! fle% is n[ cut entirely away f ! *eek-bones1 ! eyes remov$1 ! bra9s tak5 out by enl>g+ ! occipital op5+ beh9d ! cranium1 ! :ole clean$ & suppli$ ) a coat+ ( ars5ical pa/e1 & /uff$ ) t[ or wool1 to ! natural size4 ,! legs are n[ successively sk9n$ by pu%+ out ! bones & inv]t+ ! sk9 ov] !m until ! foot-jo9t is visible2 e portion ( fle% & t5dons mu/ be cut away1 & ! bone clean$ ?or\ghly1 & a coat+ ( ars5ical soap laid ov] x z well z ! sk94 ,wrap t[1 or cotton1 or any o!r suitable mat]ial1 r\nd ! bone1 br++ x to its natural %ape1 & draw ! sk9 ov] x aga94 ,d ?is to ea* leg 9 succession1 & ! body itself is ready = /uff+ & m\nt+4 ,! utmo/ c>e w n prev5t accid5ts2 ! fur & plumage w get sulli$1 & be=e /uff+ x is well to exam9e ! sk91 = /a9s & spots are calculat$ to det]iorate its appe>ance4 ,grease or blood-spots may be remov$ by bru%+ ov] ) oil ( turp5t9e1 :i* is aft]w>ds absorb$ by du/+ pla/] ( ,p>is ov]4 ,macgillivray recomm5ds t all sk9s1 :e!r !y are to be put away 9 a cab9et or /uff$1 %\ld receive a wa%+ ( spirits ( turp5t9e spr9kl$ on1 & g5tly bru%$ 9 ! direction ( ! fea!rs or fur4 ,n to tru/ too mu* to memory1 x is desirable to measure & note ! proportions ( ! animal be=e sk9n+1 fir/ tak+ ! muzzle to ! tail4 ,aft]w>ds1 f ! junction ( ! tail to ! tip4 ,secondly1 f ! middle ( ! %\ld]-blade1 or scapula1 to ! articulation ( ! femur1 or ?igh-bone4 ,?irdly1 ! animal be+ plac$ on its side1 measure f ! upp] "p ( ! scapula to ! middle ( ! /]num--t is1 to ! spot :]e ! two sides meet above1 & f9ally f ! socket ( ! scapula to ! socket ( ! articulation ( ! femur1 or ?igh-bone4 ,9 addition to ^!1 note1 by measurem5t ) calip] compasses1 ! size ( ! head1 ! neck1 ! tail1 & o!r po9ts :i* affect ! %ape ( ! animal4 ,^! measurem5ts w s]ve z a guide 9 /uff+1 & = ! size ( ! case & l5g? ( ! m\nt+ wires4 ,9 ! process ( sk9n+1 x is important to avoid p5etrat+ to ! inte/9es1 or sep>at+ any ( ! abdom9al muscles :i* lead to ! inte/9es2 any su* accid5t w\ld be v disagreeable1 z well z injuri\s to ! sk94 ,,/uff+ ,,quadrup$s1 ,,etc4 ,let u suppose ! animal :i* we int5d to /uff1 to be a ,cat4 ,wire ( su* a ?ickness is *os5 z w support ! animal by be+ introduc$ "u ! soles ( ! feet1 & runn+ x ?r\gh ea* ( ! f\r legs4 ,a piece ( small] dim5sions is !n tak51 measur+ ab\t two feet1 = ! purpose ( =m+ :at is t]m$ by /uff]s a tail-be>]4 ,?is piece ( wire is b5t at ne>ly a ?ird ( its l5g?1 into an oval ( ab\t six in*es 9 l5g?2 ! two ends are twi/$ toge!r1 s z to leave "o ( !m some:at long] ?an ! o!r2 ! tail is !n correctly measur$1 & ! wire is cut to ! l5g? ( x1 besides ! oval4 ,! wire is !n wrapp$ r\nd ) flax 9 a spiral =m1 :i* mu/ be increas$ 9 ?ickness z x approa*es ! oval1 s z to be ne>ly equal to ! dim5sions ( ! l>ge/ v]tebr1 or root ( ! tail4 ,:5 f9i%$1 x %\ld be rubb$ ?9ly ov] ) fl\r-pa/e1 to pres]ve its smoo? =m1 :i* mu/ be all[$ to dry ?or\ghly1 & !n ! surface %\ld receive a coat+ ( ! pres]vative4 ,! %ea? ( ! tail mu/ n[ be rubb$ inside ) ! pres]vative4 ,?is is appli$ ) a small quantity ( l9t1 atta*$ to ! end ( a wire1 long en\gh to rea* ! po9t ( ! tail-%ea?4 ,! tail-be>] is !n ins]t$ into ! %ea?1 & ! oval "p ( ! wire plac$ )9 ! sk9 ( ! belly1 & atta*$ to ! longitud9al wire1 :i* is sub/itut$ = ! v]tebr or backbone4 ,f\r pieces ( wire1 ab\t ! ?ickness ( a cr[-quill1 are !n tak51 :i* mu/ be ! l5g? ( ! legs1 & ano!r piece a foot or fifte5 in*es long] ?an ! body4 ,"o end ( ea* ( ^! is %>p5$ ) a file1 9 a triangul> %ape1 s t x may ! m easily p5etrate ! p>ts4 ,at ! blunt end ( ! longe/ piece a r+ is =m$1 l>ge en\gh to admit ( ! po9t ( a f+] ent]+ x2 ?is is done by b5d+ ! wire back on itself a turn & a half1 by ! assi/ance ( ! r\nd p9c]s4 ,on ! same wire ano!r r+ is =m$ 9 a simil> mann]1 consi/+ ( "o entire turn1 & s situat$ z to rea* j betwe5 ! animal's %\ld]s4 ,! rema9+ "p ( ?is wire %\ld be p]fectly /raight1 & triangul>ly po9t$ at ! extremity4 ,all ! wires be+ adju/$1 ! op]ation ( /uff+ is next proce$$ )4 ,! sk9 ( ! ,cat is n[ ext5d$ on a table2 & ! end ( ! noose seiz$ ) ! left h&1 & pu%$ aga9 into ! sk91 till x rea*es ! neck1 :5 we receive ! bones ( ! head into ! "r h&4 ,! skull is n[ well rubb$ ov] ) ! ars5ical soap1 & all ! cavities :i* ! muscles be=e occupi$ are fill$ ) *opp$ t[1 flax1 or cotton well mix$ ) pres]v+ p[d]4 ,! long piece ( wire is n[ pass$ into ! middle ( ! skull1 & aft] x is well rubb$ ov] ) ! pres]vative1 x is return$ into ! sk94 ,! inn] surface ( ! neck-sk9 is n[ ano9t$1 & /uff$ ) *opp$ flax1 tak+ c>e n to di/5d x too mu*4 ,no?+ l pressure %\ld be appli$1 z ! fre% sk9 is susceptible ( mu* expansion4 ,obs]ve t x is always ! inn] surface :i* is ano9t$ ) ! ars5ical soap4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,mann] ( ins]t+ ! wires 9 m\nt+ a ,cat4 ,take c>e t ! fir/ r+ ( ! wire1 :i* passes into ! head1 is 9 ! direction ( ! %\ld]s1 & ! second correspond+ ) ! pelvis1 or some:at t[>ds ! po/]ior "p4 ,"o ( ! =e-leg wires is !n ins]t$ along ! back ( ! bone1 & ! po9t pass$ out "u ! highe/ ball ( ! paw4 ,:5 ?is is accompli%$1 ! bones ( ! leg are drawn up )9 ! sk9 ( ! body1 & ! wire fa/5$ to ! bones ( ! arm & =e-arm ) /rong ?read1 or small tw9e4 ,brass wire1 us$ = piano-=te /r+s1 makes x m secure1 & is n liable to rot4 ,^! are well ano9t$1 & flax or t[ sliv]s wrapp$ r\nd !m1 s z to supply ! place ( ! muscles :i* h be5 remov$4 ,to give ! natural rise to ! l>g] muscles1 a piece ( silv] %\ld be cut (f ! l5g? ( ! protub]ance requir$1 & plac$ 9 ! "p1 & ! silv] wrapp$ ov] x4 ,?is gives x a v natural appe>ance4 ,! mode ( fix+ ! legs is by pass+ "o ( _! pieces ( wire into ! small r+ ( ! horizontal or middle support+ wire4 ,pursue ! same plan ) ! o!r leg1 & !n twi/ ! two ends firmly toge!r1 by ! aid ( a pair ( flat p9c]s4 ,= an animal ( ! size ( a ,cat ! pieces left = twi/+ mu/ be f five to six in*es 9 l5g?4 ,aft] be+ twi/$1 !y are b\nd on ! "u side ( ! body-wire ) /rong ?read2 ! two legs are !n replac$ & put 9 ! =m 9 :i* we int5d to fix !m4 ,! sk9 ( ! belly & top ( ! %\ld]s are !n ano9t$1 & a ?ick lay] ( flax plac$ "u ! middle wire4 ,! %ape is n[ giv5 to ! scapul on bo? sides1 & all ! muscles ( ! %\ld]s imitat$4 ,^! w be elevat$ or depress$1 accord+ to ! action int5d$ to be express$4 ,! ant]ior "p ( ! op5+ is n[ sew$ up1 to reta9 ! /uff+ & to enable u to complete ! =mation ( ! %\ld]s & ! junction ( ! neck4 ,?is "p ( ! animal is ( great importance z reg>ds ! p]fection ( its =m2 & mu* ( its beauty w dep5d ^u ?is be+ well execut$4 ,if ! animal has be5 rec5tly sk9n$1 ! be/ plan possible is to imitate1 z ne>ly z possible1 ! muscles ( ! c>cass2 by :i* _m p>ts w be notic$ :i* might o!rwise h be5 neglect$4 ,z a rule1 copy ,nature :5ev] y h x 9 y\r p[]4 ,x mu/ be obs]v$1 z a g5]al rule1 t ! wires = ! h9d legs ( quadrup$s %\ld always be long] ?an ^? ( ! =e legs4 ,! next ?+ is to =m ! h9d legs & ?ighs1 :i* mu/ be done1 z above describ$ = ! =e legs2 b ) ?is diff]5ce1 t !y mu/ be w\nd r\nd ) ?read1 drawn ?r\gh ! /uff+ at int]vals1 to prev5t x slipp+ up :5 return$ into ! sk9 ( ! leg4 ,!y are !n fix$1 by pass+ ! leg wires into a second r+ ( ! c5t] body wire1 :i* is situat$ at or ne> ! pelvis2 ! two ends are !n b5t1 twi/+ !m to ! "r & left ar\nd ! r+3 & to make !m /ill m secure1 !y %\ld be w\nd r\nd ) small brass wire or pack-?read2 ! tail-be>] is !n atta*$ 9 ! mann] =m]ly describ$4 ,hav+ complet$ ?is "p ( ! iron "w1 ! sk9 ( ! ?ighs is coat$ inside ) ! pres]vative1 & ! /uff+ complet$ ) *opp$ flax or t[4 ,! :ole inn] p>ts ( ! sk9 :i* c be rea*$ are aga9 ano9t$1 & ! body /uff+ complet$ ) *opp$ flax4 ,c>e mu/ be also paid n to /uff ! belly too mu*1 z ! sk9 v easily dilates4 ,! incision 9 ! belly is n[ clos$ by br++ ! sk9 toge!r1 & !n sew+ )9 & )\t1 :ile att5tion is paid to divide ! hairs1 & n to take any ( !m 9 along ) ! ?read2 b %\ld any ( !m be inadv]t5tly fix$1 !y c be pick$ out easily ) a po9t4 ,:5 ?is is complet$1 ! hair w resume its natural ord] & completely conceal ! seam4 ,! seam %\ld n[ be well prim$ on bo? sides ) ! solution ( corrosive sublimate1 to prev5t ! entrance ( mo?s4 ,! articulations ( ! legs are !n b5t1 & ! animal plac$ on its feet1 & pressure us$ at ! natural flat places1 s z to make ! o!r p>ts rise :]e ! muscles are visible4 ,a bo>d is n[ prep>$1 on :i* to place ! ,cat4 ,b be=e fix+ x p]man5tly1 ! animal %\ld be set 9 ! attitude 9 :i* x is int5d$ to be pres]v$1 & ! op]ator1 hav+ satisfi$ himself1 !n pi]ces f\r holes = ! admission ( ! feet wires1 :i* mu/ be drawn ?r\gh ) a pair ( p9c]s till ! paws re/ firmly on ! bo>d4 ,small grooves are !n made = ! reception ( ! pieces ( wires :i* h be5 drawn ?r\gh1 s t !y may be fold$ back & press$ d[n 9 !m1 & n be beyond ! level ( ! back ( ! bo>d2 wire nails are n[ driv5 half 91 & _! heads b5t d[n on ! wires to prev5t !m f gett+ loose1 or becom+ movable4 ,! /uff] next directs 8 att5tion to ! position & f9al /uff+ ( ! head & neck4 ,! muscles ( ! face mu/ be imitat$ z correctly z possible1 by /uff+ 9 cotton at ! op5+ ( ! eyes1 z also at ! m\?1 e>s1 & no/rils4 ,to aid 9 ?is1 also1 ! inn] mat]ials may be drawn =w>d by ! assi/ance ( in/rum5ts1 & also small pieces ( wood =m$ l small knitt+ me%es4 ,our next c>e is ! ins]tion ( ! eyes1 :i* mu/ be done :ile ! eyelids are yet fre%4 ,"s dext]ity & skill are requir$ 9 ?is op]ation1 & on x w dep5d mo/ ( ! beauty & "* ( ! head4 ,! seats ( ! eyes are suppli$ ) a little cem5t1 ! eyes put 9 _! place1 & ! eyelids prop]ly drawn ov] ! eyeballs3 b if rage or fe> are to be express$1 a consid]able portion ( ! eyeballs mu/ be expos$4 ,! lips are aft]w>ds dispos$ 9 _! natural /ate1 & fa/5$ ) p9s4 ,if ! m\? is int5d$ to be op51 x w be necess>y to support ! lips ) cotton1 :i* c be remov$ :5 !y are dry4 ,two small balls ( cotton1 firmly press$ toge!r1 & well t9ctur$ ) ! ars5ical soap1 mu/ be ?ru/ into ! no/rils s z to completely plug !m up to prev5t ! air f p5etrat+1 z also ! intrusion ( mo?s2 & besides1 x has ! effect ( pres]v+ ! natural %ape ( ! nose aft] x has dri$4 ,! same precaution %\ld be adopt$ ) ! e>s1 :i*1 9 ! ,cat1 require b little att5tion 9 sett+4 ,we mu/ aga9 recomm5d ! /uff] to see t he has suffici5tly appli$ ! pres]vative soap2 & ! nose1 lips1 eyes1 & paws1 be+ v liable to decay1 mu/ be well imbu$ ) spirits ( turp5t9e4 ,?is is appli$ ) a bru%1 & mu/ be repeat$ six or eight times1 at int]vals ( "s days1 until we are c]ta9 ( ! p>ts be+ well prim$ ) x2 &1 aft] all1 x w be advisable to give x a s+le coat+ ( ! solution ( corrosive sublimate4 ,! me?ods ( /uff+1 :i* we h po9t$ out 9 ! prec$+ pages1 are applicable to all animals1 f a ,lion d[n to ! smalle/ ,m\se4 ,animals ( a l>ge description require a frame-"w suit$ to _! dim5sions2 ^! he w po9t out 9 _! ord]4 ,!re are also "s animals ^: peculi>ity ( /ructure requires treatm5t diff]+ a little f ! ord9>y c\rse4 ,,apes ,,& ,,monkeys4 ,"o ( ! *ief difficulties to cont5d )1 9 sett+ up ,monkeys & ,apes1 is ! pres]vation ( _! h&s & h9d h&s1 or :at we commonly call _! feet2 because we mu/ n attempt to deprive ^! limbs ( _! fle%1 z we nev] c\ld aga9 supply its place any?+ l :at is 9 nature4 ,! h&s mu/ !re=e be dri$1 & !n well imbu$ ) turp5t9e & ! solution ( corrosive sublimate1 repeat$ eight or t5 times at lea/1 at int]vals ( f\r or five days4 ,! o!r p>ts ( ! /uff+ %\ld be exactly simil> to t recomm5d$ = quadrup$s g5]ally4 ,! paws ( sev]al w require to be color$ ) ! diff]5t v>ni%es1 &1 :5 dry1 slightly poli%$ ) f9e s&-pap] to remove ! gloss4 ,! callosities1 on ! h9d] p>ts ( _m ( !m1 w also require to be color$1 & treat$ 9 ! same way z ! face4 ,,bats4 ,! w+-membranes ( ?is v>i$ & num]\s tribe d n require ei!r wire or p>*m5t to set !m4 ,!y are v easily dri$ by di/5sion4 ,!y are laid on a bo>d ( s(t wood1 ! w+s ext5d$ & p9n$ equally at ! articulations1 &1 :5 dry1 !y are remov$ f ! bo>d4 ,,h$gehogs4 ,:5 x is wi%$ to pres]ve ,h$gehogs1 roll$ into a ball1 :i* is a v common position ) !m 9 a /ate ( nature1 !re %\ld be less /uff+ put into !m ?an is usual ) quadrup$s1 s t !y may ! m easily b5d4 ,no wires are requir$ 9 ?is case4 ,! head & feet are drawn close toge!r "u ! belly2 !n place ! animal on its back 9 ! middle ( a l>ge clo?1 & tie ! f\r ends firmly toge!r2 susp5d x 9 ! air till ?or\ghly dry1 :i* f9i%es ! op]ation4 ,if ,h$gehogs are wi%$ ) ! heads & limbs expos$1 ! usual me?od ( m\nt+ is adopt$4 ,! sk9s ( ,mice1 ,moles1 etc41 hav+ a v (f5sive smell1 x w be necess>y to add a consid]able portion ( ! t9cture ( musk to ! solution ( ! corrosive sublimate ) :i* ! sk9s are imbu$4 ,! same applies to ,badg]s1 ,wolv]5es1 ,polecats & ,skunks1 all ( :i* are /rong-smell+ animals4 ,,be>s4 ,! /ructure ( ! wires requires to be diff]5t 9 ^! l>g] animals f any we h be=e describ$4 ,procure a b> "o in* ?ick1 two in*es broad1 & z long z to rea* horizontally f ! %\ld] to ! connection ( ! ?ighs1 or os pubis4 ,a hole is bor$ f\r in*es di/ant f "o ( its ends1 f :i* a connect+ groove mu/ be =m$1 ext5d+ on bo? sides to ! end ( ! plank next ! hole2 ?is groove mu/ be cut out ) a holl[ *isel deep en\gh to receive ! wire4 ,! wire is !n pass$ ?r\gh x1 "o end ( :i* is j long en\gh to be twi/$ ) ! o!r at ! end ( ! plank4 ,! wire on bo? sides is n[ press$ d[n into ! grooves1 & twi/$ firmly toge!r by ! aid ( a pair ( /rong p9c]s4 ,pi]ce "s holes obliquely into ! groove & ins]t "s wire nails into !m1 :i* mu/ be firmly driv5 home1 & !n b5t ov] ! wire to keep !m firm4 ,! longe/ end ( ! wire %\ld be at lea/ eighte5 in*es beyond ! b>1 s z to pass ?r\gh ! skull ( ! animal4 ,! use ( ?is b>1 x w be obs]v$1 is a sub/itute = ! c5tral or support+ wires ( ! body4 ,two o!r holes are n[ bor$ into x1 ! "o two1 & ! o!r ?ree in*es f ! end :i* we fir/ pi]c$2 ^! are = ! reception ( ! wires ( ! =elegs2 & two simil> holes mu/ be made at ! o!r extremity ( ! b> = receiv+ ! wires ( ! h9d legs4 ,be>s always support !mselves on ! full expansion ( _! dilat$ paws1 s t x is necess>y to br+ ! leg-wires out ( ! claws4 ,! leg-wires are b5t at "r angles = a l5g? ( five in*es f ! upp] end4 ,^! are put ?r\gh ! holes 9 ! b>1 & :5 !y h pass$ ?r\gh !y are curv$ aga94 ,two small gimlet-holes are !n made = ! reception ( small] wire1 by :i* ! leg-wires mu/ be b\nd toge!r close to ! b>4 ,! =e-leg wires are fix$ 9 ! same mann]1 :i* completes ! frame-"w4 ,no o!r means are us$ = middle-siz$ animals1 su* z ! ,lion1 ,tig]1 ,leop>d1 etc4 ,! /uff+ is complet$ z 9 o!r quadrup$s4 ,! ,walrus1 ,seals1 & o!r amphibi\s animals ( ?is ord]1 are treat$ 9 ! mann] ( quadrup$s g5]ally1 only t leg-wires are unnecess>y1 except 9 ! =e-feet2 ! tail1 :i* repres5ts ! h9d feet1 has m]ely to be dri$ & kept prop]ly /ret*$ 9 dur+ ?is process1 :i* precaution also applies to ! =e-feet4 ,!y are ! easie/ /uff$ ( all animals1 only ! sk9s are v oily2 !y %\ld be well rubb$ ) ! ars5ical soap1 & also ) ! pres]v+ p[d]4 ,! /uff+ ( ! ,walrus1 & o!r l>ge animals ( ?is family1 %\ld consi/ ( well-dri$ hay = ! int]ior p>ts1 & t[ = ! surface next ! sk94 ,,beav]1 ,,etc4 ,! ,beav]1 ,musk ,rat1 ,common ,rat1 & o!r animals ^: sk9s h a /rong smell4 ,^! require to be pl5tifully suppli$ ) ! pres]vative4 ,! tail ( ! ,beav] %\ld be cut und]nea?1 & all ! fle% remov$1 !n /uff$ ) t[ or *opp$ flax1 & aft]w>ds ?or\ghly dri$ & well prim$ ) ! ars5ical soap to prev5t putrefaction1 to :i* x is v liable4 ,x %\ld also h repeat$ wa%+s ) oil ( turp5t9e4 ,! back %\ld be r\nd & %ort4 ,,! ,,porcup9e4 ,9 /uff+ ?is animal consid]able & v>i$ expression may be giv51 bo? f ! attitude & disposition ( ! quills4 ,great att5tion is !re=e requir$ 9 giv+ ^! a prop] set dur+ ! process ( dry+4 ,!y w require to be look$ at sev]al times dur+ ! fir/ & second day aft] !y h be5 /uff$1 & any ( !m t may h fall5 out ( ! position requir$1 to be adju/$4 ,,h>es ,,& ,,rabbits4 ,a v pretty attitude = ! ,h>e or ,rabbit1 is to h x seat$ 9 its =m 9 an upright position1 z if al>m$ at ! noise ( dogs1 etc4 ,an oval is =m$ ( wire & atta*$ to ! int]ior frame-"w1 aft] hav+ pass$ "o end ( x ?r\gh ! anus1 :i* mu/ be pass$ ?r\gh a hole 9 ! bo>d on :i* ! animal is to be fix$4 ,! wires ( ! h9d legs mu/ be =c$ ?r\gh ! po/]ior "p ( !m1 & also fix$ into holes =m$ = _! reception 9 ! bo>d4 ,,de]1 ,,antelopes1 ,,goats1 ,,etc4 ,^! animals %\ld be m\nt$ on ! same pr9ciples z recomm5d$ = ! ,be>s4 ,a diff]5t mode mu/1 h[ev]1 be adopt$ 9 sk9n+ ! animals1 :i* ! horns r5d] necess>y4 ,x is p]=m$ 9 ! ord9>y mann] until ! op]ator rea*es ! neck4 ,aft] cutt+ z ne> ! head z possible1 ano!r incision mu/ be made1 comm5c+ "u ! *91 :i* is cont9u$ to ! bottom ( ! neck1 or f eight to t5 in*es 9 l5g?4 ,by ?is op5+1 ! rema9d] ( ! neck is sep>at$ f ! head2 ! tongue is cut out1 & ! occipital orifice enl>g$1 & ! bra9 extract$ !reby4 ,! lips are n[ cut z ne> z possible to ! jaw-bones1 & ! op]ator mu/ cont9ue progressively asc5d+ t[>ds ! =ehead1 & 9 ?is mann] all ! sk9 w be sep>at$ f ! head1 except at ! nose1 or po9t ( ! muzzle4 ,all ! muscles are next remov$ by ! scalpel1 & ! skull well ano9t$ ) ars5ical soap4 ,! muscles :i* h be5 cut out are !n imitat$ ) *opp$ flax or cotton1 :i* may be atta*$ to ! bones ) cem5t4 ,:5 ?is is done1 ! head mu/ be replac$ )9 ! sk94 ,! orifice "u ! neck mu/ n[ be sew$ up ) f9e /it*es1 s t ! hair may spread ov] !m to conceal ! seam4 ,! :ole o!r p>ts ( ! m\nt+ is complete z direct$ = ! ,be>4 ,,! ,,dolph91 ,,porpoise1 ,,etc4 ,! /ructure ( ^! animals1 z well z ! o!r species ( ! fir/ family ( ?is ord]1 diff]s b little 9 g5]al /ructure4 ,9 sk9n+ ^!1 an incision is made "u ! *91 & cont9u$ to ! extremity ( ! tail2 ! sk9 is !n deta*$ "r & left ) ! scalpel1 or a %>p knife4 ,:5 ! sk9 has be5 cut back z f> z possible1 dis5gage ! v]tebr at ! tail1 & ?is w enable ! op]ator to deta* ! sk9 f ! back2 ! v]tebr are n[ cut close to ! head1 & ! :ole c>cass remov$4 ,all ?is tribe h a ?ick lay] ( fat "u _! sk94 ,9 ! op]ation ( sk9n+ x requires consid]able dext]ity to leave ?is fat1 or blubb]1 adh]+ to ! c>cass4 ,practice alone w obviate ?is4 ,:5 ?is has n be5 prop]ly manag$ 9 ! sk9n+1 ! only ?+ to be done aft]w>ds is to scrape x ?or\ghly ) a knife4 ,! oil :i* fl[s f x1 dur+ ?is op]ation1 mu/ be soak$ up ) bran1 or pla/] ( ,p>is4 ,!re be+ no muscul> projections 9 ! sk9 ( ! ,porpoise1 !re is no use = wires 9 m\nt+ x4 ,a n>r[ piece ( wood ! l5g? ( ! body is q suffici5t to keep ! sk9 /ret*$1 & /uff$ ei!r ) t[ or hay4 ,"s mon?s are necess>y to r5d] x p]fectly dry & /iff1 f its greasy nature4 ,! grease almo/ always leaves "s disagreeable-look+ spots on ! sk94 ,to remove ^!1 & prev5t a recurr5ce ( !m1 p[d]$ pumice-/one /eep$ 9 olive-oil1 is rubb$ ?ickly on ! sk9 ) a h&-bru%4 ,x is !n gone ov] a second "t ) em]y & oil4 ,x is rubb$ 9 ?is way till ! sk9 has a glossy appe>ance1 :5 x may be rubb$ dry ) a wool5 clo?2 & to complete ! poli%1 a clean wool5 clo? may be appli$ ) "s =ce to complete ! gloss :i* is natural to ! sk9 9 a liv+ /ate4 ,:]e a v glossy appe>ance is wi%$1 v>ni%es become necess>y1 b "s difficulty has be5 exp]i5c$ 9 gett+ ^! to rema9 atta*$ to ! sk9 9 all wea!rs1 because ! humidity ( ra9y seasons melts gum-arabic :5 x is us$ z a v>ni%1 & :5 :ite v>ni% is appli$1 bo? x & ! gum-arabic fall (f 9 pieces4 ,to prev5t ! gum f fall+ (f 9 ?is way1 by its contract+1 ! solution %\ld h ab\t an eigh? "p ( ox-gall mix$ ) x1 & ! surface ( any body to be v>ni%$ %\ld be wa%$ ) ox-gall & wat] be=e ! v>ni% is appli$1 :i* w1 almo/ to a c]ta9ty1 pres5t x f crack+ & fall+ (f4 ,x mu/1 h[ev]1 be ?or\ghly dri$ be=e ! v>ni% is appli$4 ,we may "h /ate1 t an animal ! size ( a ,fox or a ,cat1 may be sk9n$1 prep>$1 & f9ally set up1 9 ! space ( f\r or five h\rs1 by a p]son :o has _h a little practice 9 ! art ( ,taxid]my1 & t f t5 to fifte5 m9utes are all t w be requir$ to sk9 an animal ( ! size j m5tion$4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,sk9n+1 ,,pres]v+1 ,,& ,,m\nt+ ,,birds4 ,,sk9n+4 ,imm$iately aft] a bird is kill$1 ! ?roat & no/rils %\ld be /uff$ ) t[1 cotton1 or f9e rags1 & a small quantity w\nd r\nd ! bill to prev5t ! blood f /a9+ ! plumage2 b %\ld any get on ! fea!rs1 not)/&+ ?is precaution1 ! soon] x is remov$ ! bett]1 :i* %\ld be effect$ by a sponge :i* has be5 m]ely moi/5$ 9 wat]4 ,too mu* dispat* _c be us$ 9 remov+ ! sk91 if ! bird is %ot 9 a w>m climate2 b1 9 temp]ate regions1 ! bird may be all[$ to cool4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,mann] ( hold+ ! h&s 9 sk9n+ a bird4 ,9 proce$+ to sk9 ! bird1 x %\ld be laid on its back1 & ! fea!rs ( ! brea/ sep>at$ to ! "r & left1 :5 a broad int]val w be discov]$1 rea*+ f ! top to ! bottom ( ! brea/-bone4 7,see fig4 #b47 7,see fig4 #b = ! mann] ( sep>at+ ! fea!rs & us+ ! scalpel47 ,a %>p p5-knife1 or scalpel1 mu/ be ins]t$ at ! po9t ( ! bone1 & cut ! out] sk9 f !nce to ! v5t1 tak+ c>e n to p5etrate s deep z ! fle%1 or ^u ! inn] sk9 :i* cov]s ! inte/9es4 ,! sk9 w !n easily be sep>at$ f ! fle%2 9 l>g] specim5s1 by ! f+]s1 or1 9 small] ones1 by pass+ a small blunt in/rum5t betwixt ! sk9 & body1 su* z ! end ( ! scalpel-h&le2 ) ?is y may rea* ! back4 ,! ?ighs %\ld n[ be press$ inw>d1 z 9 ! common me?od ( sk9n+ a rabbit1 & ! sk9 turn$ back1 s f> z to enable y to sep>ate ! legs f ! body1 at ! knee-jo9t4 ,! sk9 is !n pull$ d[nw>ds1 z l[ z ! rump1 :i* is cut close by ! ins]tion ( ! tail1 z %[n 9 fig4 #b1 b 9 su* a mann] z n to injure its fea!rs4 ,! sk9 is n[ drawn upw>ds ! l5g? ( ! w+s1 ! bones ( :i* mu/ also be cut at ! %\ld]-jo9ts2 x is !n pull$ up1 till all ! back "p ( ! skull is laid b>e1 :5 ! v]tebr ( ! neck are sep>at$ f ! head1 & ! :ole body is n[ sep>at$ f ! sk94 ,y next proce$ to remove ! bra91 ?r\gh ! op5+ ( ! skull1 = :i* purpose x may be enl>g$ by a holl[ *isel1 or o!r iron in/rum5t4 ,! eyes mu/ !n be tak5 out1 by break+ ! sl5d] bones :i* sep>ate ! orbits f ! top ( ! m\?1 9 :i* y may be assi/$ by press+ ! eyes g5tly inw>ds1 s z n to break !m4 ,9 sk9n+ ! neck great c>e mu/ be tak5 n to enl>ge ! op5+ ( ! e>s1 & n to injure ! eyelids4 ,! :ole ( ! fle% is next to be remov$ f ! "u m&ible4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,bird susp5d$ = sk9n+4 ,sev]al species w n admit ( ! sk9 be+ ?us pull$ ov] _! heads1 f ! smallness ( _! necks2 "s ,woodpeck]s1 ,ducks1 etc41 fall "u ?is description2 9 :i* case a longitud9al incision is made "u ! ?roat1 s z to admit ( ! head be+ turn$ out1 :i* mu/ be neatly sew$ up be=e /uff+4 ,! fle% f ! head1 w+s1 legs1 & rump1 mu/ !n be c>efully remov$ ) a knife1 & ! cavities ( ! skull fill$ ) cotton or t[4 ,! :ole inside ( ! sk91 head1 etc41 mu/ be well rubb$ ) ars5ical soap1 or pres]v+ p[d]1 or _s ( turp5t9e1 or ! solution ( corrosive sublimate4 ,:5 x is wi%$ to /uff ! bird1 x may n[ be imm$iately done1 z x w easily dry1 if 9 a w>m climate2 b 9 l[1 damp c\ntries1 x w require artificial heat to d x effectually4 ,:5 ! sk9s are m]ely wi%$ pres]v$1 ! bones ( ! legs & w+s %\ld be wrapp$ r\nd ) cotton or t[1 s z to supply ! place ( ! fle%2 ! sk9 is !n inv]t$ & hung up to dry1 aft] us+ ! ars5ical soap1 z above direct$2 be=e do+ :i*1 9 l>g] birds1 a ?read or small /r+ may be drawn ?r\gh ! rump1 & pass$ up to ! inside ( ! neck1 & drawn ?r\gh ! bill1 to prev5t ! head f /ret*+ too mu* by its own weight4 ,9 l>g] specim5s1 :]e cotton or t[ is n easily to be met )1 well-dri$ hay may be us$4 ,! incision = remov+ ! sk9 is frequ5tly made "u ! w+s4 ,?is may be done ) m>9e birds to advantage4 ,! ,p5gu9s & ,div]s may be sk9n$ by mak+ ! incision 9 ! back4 ,! tongue %\ld ei!r be kept 9 ! m\?1 or s5t home sep>ately ) ! birds4 ,! greate/ c>e mu/ be tak5 to prev5t ! fat & oily matt]1 s common to sea-birds1 f gett+ on ! fea!rs2 p\nd$ *alk w be f\nd an excell5t absorb5t = apply+ to ^! birds4 ,9 s5d+ home specim5s ( birds1 !y %\ld be ea* wrapp$ 9 pap]1 & closely pack$ 9 a box2 & camphor1 pres]v+ p[d]1 & /rong aromatics1 /rewn among/ !m1 to prev5t !m f be+ attack$ by insects2 & !y ought to be kept 9 a v dry "p ( ! vessel4 ,x is ( ! utmo/ consequ5ce to "k ! color ( ! eyes & legs ( birds1 & ^! ?+s %\ld be c>efully not$ ! mom5t !y are kill$2 & x %\ld also be m5tion$ :e!r !y are male or female2 su* a memor&um ought to be atta*$ to ! birds by a ticket4 ,! season ( ! ye> 9 :i* ! bird is kill$1 mu/ also be m5tion$4 ,x is also ( mu* consequ5ce to h good skeletons1 &1 = ?is purpose1 ! c>casses may be s5t home 9 a b>rel1 ei!r 9 spirits or a /rong solution ( salt & wat]4 ,mr4 ,salt1 :ile 9 ,abyss9ia1 pack$ 8 bird-sk9s betwe5 %eets ( pap]1 & 9 ! same mann] z a hortus siccus1 or h]b>ium1 & !y rea*$ ,engl& 9 p]fect safety1 & made excell5t specim5s :5 set up4 ,9 w>m climates1 ! boxes %\ld be well clos$1 & ! seams fill$ ) w>m pit* on ! outside1 to prev5t ! intrusion ( insects2 & ! inside %\ld be suppli$ ) camphor1 musk1 or tobacco-du/1 :i* w prev5t ! attacks ( ! small] insects4 ,till practice has giv5 facility to ! op]ator1 x w assi/ 9 keep+ ! fea!rs clean1 if1 z he op5s ! sk9 ( ! brea/1 he p9s pieces ( pap] or l95 clo? on ! outside1 b aft] a few trials ?is w be unnecess>y4 ,"s ( ! m>9e f[ls are s fat t !re is mu* tr\ble 9 sep>at+ x f ! sk91 & 9 w>m wea!r1 great att5tion w be requir$ to prev5t x f runn+ on ! fea!rs4 ,z mu* z possible %\ld be scrap$ (f1 9 ! fir/ place1 ) a blunt table-knife or palate-knife1 & a quantity ( p[d]$ *alk appli$1 to absorb :at rema9s1 :i*1 :5 saturat$ ) ! oily matt]1 %\ld be scrap$ (f & a fre% supply us$1 aft] :i* a mu* l>g] proportion ( ! pres]v+ p[d] %\ld be appli$ ?an 9 o!r birds :i* are n fat4 ,:5 %oot+ on ! sea-coa/1 if ! orni?ologi/ is n provid$ ) ^! requisites = absorb+ ! oil1 :i* fl[s quickly f any w\nds ( ! sk91 he w f9d dry s& a tol]able sub/itute4 ,if1 h[ev]1 aft] e precaution1 ! oily matt] %\ld get on ! fea!rs1 ! soon] x is remov$ ! bett]1 z1 9 birds :]e ! plumage is :ite1 if x is all[$ to become h>d5$ x w produce a v disagreeable appe>ance2 &1 besides1 r5d] t "p p>ticul>ly liable to ! attack ( insects4 ,!re are sev]al effectual me?ods ( remov+ ! greasy /a9s2 ! fir/1 safe/1 & be/1 is1 by tak+ a quantity ( dilut$ ox-gall--or1 :]e x _c be comm&$1 %eep's-gall1 or t ( any o!r animal--mix x ) ab\t d\ble ! quantity ( wat]1 & apply x ) a sponge to ! place :i* ! fatty matt] has t\*$1 :5 x w imm$iately remove x4 ,! next is by us+ a solution ( salt ( t>t>1 or pota%1 or soda4 ,?is mu/ be made v weak1 n exce$+ half a tea-spoonful to a cup ( wat]1 :i* w h ! same effect z ! gall4 ,:i*ev] ( ^! are us$1 ! place mu/ be imm$iately aft]w>ds wa%$ 9 pure wat]1 s z to leave none ( ! gall or alkal9e sub/ance rema9+4 ,! gall has a gummy t5d5cy1 & w glue toge!r ! fib]s ( ! fea!rs1 &1 besides1 x has a great attraction = moi/ure1 &1 9 humid wea!r1 w become damp1 & !re=e produce mold2 ! o!r alkal9e sub/ances mu/ also be us$ ) mu* caution & quickness1 because !y h ! p[] ( *ang+ ! colors ( ! plumage1 s t !y are mo/ useful 9 :ite plumage1 & !re=e %\ld only be us$ on color$ fea!rs1 :]e gall _c be procur$4 ,"o g5]al obs]vation applies to ! pres]vation ( all animal sk9s1 :i* is1 !y mu/ be made p]fectly dry1 s t ! soon] !y are expos$ to a free curr5t ( air ! bett]2 & unless !y are spe$ily & ?or\ghly dri$1 ! sk9 w become putrid & rott51 & ! hair or fea!rs w consequ5tly fall (f4 ,if a sk9 is prop]ly dri$1 soon aft] x is kill$1 x w keep a consid]able "t )\t any pres]vative :atev]1 only x w be ! m liable to be attack$ by insects aft]w>ds4 ,! foll[+ excell5t g5]al directions = sk9n+ are giv5 by ,mr4 ,wat]ton3--,:ile dissect+1 x w be ( use to keep 9 m9d1 t 9 tak+ (f ! sk9 f ! body1 by means ( y\r f+]s & little knife1 y mu/ try to %ove x1 9 lieu ( pull+ x1 le/ y /ret* x4 ,t y mu/ press z lightly z possible on ! bird1 & e n[ & !n take a view ( x1 to see t ! fea!rs1 etc41 are all "r4 ,t :5 y come to ! head1 y mu/ take c>e t ! body ( ! sk9 re/ on y\r knee1 = if y all[ x to dangle f y\r h&1 its own weight w /ret* x too mu*4 ,t1 ?r\gh\t ! :ole op]ation1 z fa/ z y deta* ! sk9 f ! body1 y mu/ put cotton imm$iately betwixt ! body & x1 & ?is w effectually prev5t any fat1 blood1 or moi/ure f com+ 9 contact ) ! plumage4 ,z y c seldom get a bird )\t %oot+ x1 a l9e or two on ?is head w be necess>y4 ,if ! bird be /ill alive1 press x h>d1 ) y\r f+] & ?umb1 j beh9d ! w+s1 & x w soon expire4 ,c>ry x by ! legs1 & !n1 ! body be+ rev]s$1 ! blood _c escape d[n ! plumage & ?r\gh ! %ot-holes4 ,z blood w h (t5 issu$ out1 be=e y h laid hold ( ! bird1 f9d out ! %ot-holes1 by divid+ ! fea!rs ) y\r f+]s1 & bl[+ on !m2 & !n1 ) y\r p5-knife1 or ! leaf ( a tree1 c>efully remove ! clott$ blood1 & put a little cotton on ! hole4 ,if1 aft] all1 ! plumage has n escap$ ! m>ks ( blood1 or if x has imbib$ slime f ! gr\nd1 wa% ! "p 9 wat]1 )\t soap1 & keep g5tly agitat+ ! fea!rs ) y\r f+]s1 till !y are q dry4 ,7 y to wa% !m1 & leave !m to dry by !mselves1 !y w\ld h a v mean & %rivel$ appe>ance4 ,9 ! act ( sk9n+ a bird1 y mu/ ei!r h x ^u a table1 or ^u y\r knee2 probably y w pref] y\r knee1 because1 :5 y cross "o knee ov] ! o!r1 & h ! bird ^u ! upp]mo/1 y c raise x to y\r eye1 or l[] x at pleasure1 by means ( ! foot on ! gr\nd2 & !n y\r knee w always move 9 unison ) y\r body1 by :i* mu* /oop+ w be avoid$1 & lassitude prev5t$4 ,,/uff+ ,,birds4 ,! fir/ ?+ to be done 9 /uff+ is to replace ! skull1 aft] x has be5 well ano9t$ ) ! ars5ical soap1 & wa%$ ) ! solution ( corrosive sublimate inside4 ,! ?read ) :i* ! beak is ti$ is tak5 hold ( by ! left h&1 & ! head is repass$ into ! neck ) ! =ef+] ( ! "r h&1 :ile ! ?read is pull$ on ! opposite side2 & we are c>eful t ! fea!rs1 at ! m>g9 ( ! op5+1 d n ent] ) ! edges ( ! sk94 ,! bird is n[ laid on ! table ) ! head turn$ t[>ds ! left h&1 & ! legs & w+s adju/$ to _! prop] situation4 ,a flat piece ( lead1 ab\t a p\nd 9 weight1 is laid on ! tail1 :ile ! fea!rs ( ! m>g9s ( ! op5+ are rais$ by ! =ef+] & ?umb ( ! left h&1 to prev5t _! be+ soil$4 ,! inside ( ! neck is n[ coat$ ) ! ars5ical soap2 flax is /uff$ into x1 b n too tightly4 ,! back & rump are ano9t$1 & ! body %\ld !n be /uff$ ) t[1 to ab\t a ?ird ( ! ?ickness requir$1 s t ! wire may h a sort ( cu%ion to re/ on4 ,f\r pieces ( wire are !n prep>$1 ( ! ?ickness proportionate to ! size ( ! bird to be /uff$4 ,! c5t]-piece %\ld be some:at long] ?an ! body ( ! bird4 ,at ab\t a f\r? ( its l5g? a small r+ is =m$1 by ! assi/ance ( ! r\nd p9c]s or pli]s1 & ! o!r end is po9t$ ) a file4 ,?is wire is oil$1 & introduc$ across ! skull1 & pass$ into ! neck ?r\gh ! c5t] ( ! flax or t[ ) :i* x is /uff$--! r+ be+ situat$ t[>d ! ant]ior "p ( ! skull1 = ! purpose ( receiv+ ! po9ts ( ea* ( ! wires t are pass$ ?r\gh ! feet & ?ighs4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d to #g4 #d1 ! oval & head-wires ( a bird sep>at$2 #e1 ! tail-be>]s sep>at$2 #f1 a leg-wire sep>at$2 #g1 ! body-wire1 ! head-wire1 ! tail-be>] & legs connect$4 ,! foll[+ is ! mode 9 :i* ?is p]=mance is effect$3 ,a hole is bor$ ) a brass awl1 ! calib] ( ! wire :i* x is int5d$ to use4 ,! wire1 :i* is to cont9ue 9 ! leg1 is pass$ across ! knee1 & br\ght out int]iorly1 &1 plac+ x into ! r+ above m5tion$1 ! same op]ation is p]=m$ on ! o!r side4 ,! extremities ( ! wires ( ! legs1 & ! end ( ! c5tral wire beyond ! r+1 are all twi/$ toge!r ) flat p9c]s1 & !n b5t t[>ds ! tail4 ,! tail-be>] is next =m$1 :i* consi/s ( ! f\r? piece ( wire1 ) :i* an oval is =m$1 by twi/+ ! two ends two or ?ree turns1 s t !y may =m a k9d ( =k1 ) ! oval ne>ly ! l5g? ( ! body ( ! bird2 ! two po9ts ( ! =k mu/ be %>p5$ ) a file1 & ne> en\gh to enable !m to ent] ! rump1 ?r\gh :i* !y mu/ pass1 & _! po9ts w be conceal$ by ! rectrices1 or l>ge /raight tail-fea!rs1 :ile ! oval is )9 ! body ( ! bird4 ,if ! bird is l>ge1 ! tail-be>] mu/ be firmly atta*$ to ! int]ior wires1 by twi/+ a small wire sev]al times r\nd bo?4 ,b unless ! bird be l>ge1 x may rema9 q free4 ,all ! p>ts ( ! sk9 at :i* we c come mu/ be ?or\ghly rubb$ ) pres]v+ soap1 ! rump 9 p>ticul>1 :i* %\ld1 besides1 be soak$ ) ! solution ( corrosive sublimate4 ,! /uff+ is n[ proce$$ )1 by ins]t+ *opp$ flax or t[1 till x has atta9$ its prop] dim5sions4 ,! sk9 is br\ght toge!r & sew$ up1 :ile we take ! greate/ c>e to sep>ate ! fea!rs at e /it*4 ,! orbits ( ! eyes are next f9i%$1 by ins]t+1 ) small =ceps & a %ort /uff+ /ick1 a small quantity ( *opp$ cotton1 :ile att5tion is paid to r\nd ! eyelids prop]ly4 ,! glass eyes are n[ ins]t$1 tak+ c>e to place !m prop]ly "u ! eyelids4 ,b1 be=e fix+ ! eye1 a little calc>e\s cem5t mu/ be us$1 to prev5t !m f com+ out4 ,if any "p ( ! nictitat+ membrane is visible bel[1 x mu/ be pu%$ up ) ! /eel po9t4 ,! /uff+ ( ! bird be+ n[ complet$1 ! next ?+ is to place x ei!r on a bran*1 or1 if a bird :i* does n sit on trees1 on a piece ( plank2 :i*ev] ( ^! x is1 two holes are bor$ = ! reception ( ! wires1 :i* h be5 all[$ to protrude f ! soles ( ! feet1 = fix+ ! bird 7,see fig #h47 ,^!1 ( c\rse1 are pi]c$ 9 su* situations z are necess>y = ! attitude or position ( ! legs4 ,! wires are put ?r\gh ^! holes1 & twi/$ s z to secure ! bird 9 its position4 ,! attitude ( ! bird w1 ( c\rse1 dep5d ^u ! fancy & ta/e ( ! op]ator1 & ought to be 9 con=mity ) ! mann]s ( ! birds 9 a liv+ /ate4 ,! wire frame-"w1 above describ$1 is ! mo/ simple ( any 9 its con/ruction1 & is bett] adapt$ = small ?an l>ge birds4 ,inde$1 x w h>dly suit ^? ( ! l>g] species4 ,! foll[+ is ano!r me?od ( con/ruct+ ! frame-"w1 :i* may be us$ ei!r 9 l>ge or small birds3-- ,l ! =m]1 x is con/ruct$ ( f\r pieces ( wire4 ,! c5t]-piece %\ld be d\ble ! l5g? ( ! bird2 x is b5t at a ?ird ( its l5g? ( an oval =m1 & twi/$ two turns1 ! %orte/ end be+ pass$ into ! oval1 & !n rais$ aga9/ ! long] end1 s z to produce a r+ at ! end1 outside ( ! oval1 l>ge en\gh to admit ! two wires :i* pass f ! feet to ! inside ( ! bird4 ,x is n[ twi/$ a second "t1 & firmly unit$ to ! long] end1 :i* ought to be /raight1 ) a %>p po9t1 effect$ by means ( a file4 ,z be=e direct$1 x is rubb$ ) oil1 & =c$ ?r\gh ! /uff+ ( ! neck4 ,x ought to be s con/ruct$1 by measurem5t1 t ! oval "p ( ! wire %all be 9 ! c5t] ( ! body inside4 ,! wires ( ! feet & legs1 z be=e direct$1 ought to be /raight & po9t$1 & pass$ ?r\gh ! soles ( ! feet z be=e4 ,:5 ! po9t has p5etrat$1 ! o!r end ( ! wire may be b5t1 s t by means ( x we may be able to assi/ 9 =c+ up ! rema9d] ( ! wire4 ,! two int]nal ends ( ! foot-wires are twi/$ toge!r1 & curv$ )91 s z to pass ?r\gh ! small circle or r+ ( ! middle bran* above ! oval1 to ea* side ( :i* !y are n[ atta*$ ) a piece ( small /r+4 ,! tail-be>] is con/ruct$ on ! same pr9ciples1 & atta*$ 9 ! same mann]1 z be=e describ$1 & ! latt] app>atus is introduc$ aft] ! neck & back are f9i%$ 9 ! /uff+4 ,?is practice ( introduc+ ! neck-wire1 aft] ! neck is /uff$1 0 fir/ adopt$ at ! ,j>d9 des ,plantes at ,p>is1 & is n[ inv>iably adopt$ 9 t e/abli%m5t 9 pref]5ce to introduc+ x be=e ! neck is /uff$4 ,! neck ( a swan or o!r long-neck$ & l>ge birds1 are ev5 done s4 ,x is unque/ionably ! be/ plan :i* has hi!rto be5 discov]$1 z x pres]ves ! cyl9drical %ape ( ! neck4 ,,mr4 ,,bullock',s ,,me?od ,,( ,,/uff+ ,,birds4 ,mr4 ,bullock1 ( ! ,london ,museum1 ,egyptian ,hall1 _h ano!r me?od ( arrang+ ! wires1 :i*1 aft] :at we h already said1 w be easily compreh5d$ by a ref]5ce to figure #h1 :]e we h giv5 a figure ( 8 mode4 ,aft] ! sk9 is tak5 (f & prep>$1 diff]5t-siz$1 neal$1 iron wires are procur$1 accord+ to ! size ( ! bird !y are to support4 ,! sk9 is laid on its back )\t /ret*+ x2 cut two pieces ( wire1 ! "o r long] ?an ! bird & ! o!r %ort]1 s z n to rea* to ! head ( ! bird2 twi/ !m toge!r1 %>p5 ! ends ( ! long] by means ( a file1 & pass "o end ?r\gh ! rump & ! o!r ?r\gh ! cr[n ( ! head1 ne> ! base ( ! bill4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to ext5d ! neck beyond its ord9>y l5g?--a v common fault 9 mo/ pres]v]s4 ,lay a little t[ along ! back ( ! sk9 = ! wire to re/ on1 !n take two o!r pieces ( /rong wire & file !m to a po9t at "o end2 ^! are pass$ ?r\gh ! soles ( ! feet & up ! c5t] ( ! leg-bone1 or t>sus4 ,:5 )9 ! body1 !y are to be fa/5$ to ! fir/ wires by twi/+ !m toge!r1 :i*1 :5 accompli%$1 may be suppos$ to repres5t ! backbone4 ,! wire %\ld be left two or ?ree in*es out ( ! soles ( ! feet1 to fa/5 !m 9 a /&+ position1 z be=e direct$4 ,two small] wires are !n pass$ ?r\gh ! w+s1 z 9 ! legs1 & aft]w>ds fa/5$ to ! back-wires a little high] up ?an ! leg-wires1 tak+ c>e t no "p ( ! sk9 is to be ext5d$ beyond its natural position4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #h4 ,mr4 ,bullock's me?od ( ins]t+ ! wires 9 sett+ up a bird4 ,a ,,new ,,& ,,easi] ,,me?od ,,( ,,bird ,,sk9n+ ,,& ,,/uff+4 ,a fair specim5 be+ obta9$1 take common cotton wadd+1 & ) an ord9>y pa9t-bru% /ick plug ! ?roat1 no/rils1 &1 9 l>ge birds1 ! e>s1 ) x1 s t :5 ! sk9 is turn$ no juices may fl[ & spoil ! fea!rs2 y mu/ !n provide y\rself ) ! foll[+ articles3 ,a knife ( ?is k9d is v common2 a pair ( cutt+ pli]s1 a pair ( /rong scissors1 ( a mod]ate size2 a button-hook1 a m>r[-spoon1 & a h&-vise4 ,) ^!1 a ne$le & ?read & a %>p5] ( "s k9d1 to give y\r knife an occasional t\*1 y are prep>$1 s f> z implem5ts g4 ,!n provide y\rself ) anneal$ iron wire ( v>i\s sizes2 "s y may buy ready = use1 "s n2 b y c anneal x y\rself by mak+ x r$ hot 9 ! fire1 & lett+ x cool 9 ! air4 ,common hemp is ! next article1 cotton wadd+1 p\nd$ :it5+1 & p\nd$ alum1 or *loride ( lime2 z to ! poisons :i* are us$1 !y w be spok5 ( by & by4 ,y %\ld also h a common brad-awl or two1 & "s pieces ( qu>t]-in* p9e :]eon to /& ! specim5s :5 pres]v$1 if to be plac$ z walk+ on a plane2 if n1 "s small pieces ( twigs or small bran*es ( trees %\ld be kept ready = use1 ( v>i\s sizes1 accord+ to ! size ( ! bird2 some?+ ( ! =m ( ,fig4 #i4 ,c$>1 or common laurel cut 9 ,decemb]1 w be f\nd to answ] be/1 b ?is mu/ be regulat$ by fancy & ! requirem5ts ( ! case2 oak-b\ghs are sometimes ( a good %ape4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #i4 ,bran* = m\nt+ a bird4 ,! be/ "t = pres]v+ specim5s is 9 spr+1 because !n ! cock birds are 9 ! be/ fea!r1 & ! wea!r is n too w>m4 ,9 mild wea!r ?ree days is a good "t to keep a bird1 z !n ! sk9 w "p f ! fle% easily4 ,if a specim5 has bl$ mu* ov] ! fea!rs1 s z to damage !m1 wa% !m c>efully b ?or\ghly ) w>m wat] & a sponge1 & imm$iately cov] !m ) p\nd$ :it5+1 :i* w adh]e to !m4 ,dry x z x hangs ^u !m sl[ly be=e ! fire1 & !n triturat+ ! h>d5$ lumps g5tly betwe5 ! f+]s1 ! fea!rs w come out almo/ z clean z ev]4 ,to te/ :e!r ! specim5 is too decompos$ to sk91 try ! fea!rs ab\t ! auricul>s1 & j above ! tail1 & if !y d n move y may safely proce$4 ,lay ! bird on 8 back1 &1 p>t+ ! fea!rs f ! ins]tion ( ! neck to ! tail1 y w f9d 9 mo/ birds a sp>e space4 ,cut ! sk9 ! :ole l5g? ( ?is1 &1 pass+ ! f+] "u x on ei!r side1 by lay+ hold ( "o leg & b5d+ x =w>d1 y w be able to br+ ! b>e knee ?r\gh ! op5+ y h made2 & ) y\r scissors cut x ?r\gh at ! jo9t2 pull ! %ank /ill adh]+ to ! leg till ! sk9 is turn$ back z f> z x w g3 d5ude ! bone ( fle% & s9ew1 wrap a piece ( hemp r\nd x1 /eep$ 9 a /rong solution ( ! p\nd$ alum1 & !n pull ! leg by ! claw1 by :i* means ! sk9 w be br\ght aga9 to its place4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aj4 ,aft] hav+ s]v$ bo? legs alike1 sk9 c>efully r\nd ! back1 cutt+ (f & leav+ 9 ! tail ) t into :i* ! fea!rs gr[1 t is1 ! ,pope's nose4 ,s]ve ! w+-bones ! same z ! leg1 cutt+ !m (f close to ! body1 & turn ! sk9 inside out d[n to ! head4 ,! back ( ! skull w !n appe>1 & y w n[ f9d x ( advantage1 z soon z y h got ! legs & tail free1 to tie a piece ( /r+ r\nd ! body1 & hang x up z a but*] sk9s a %eep4 ,make 9 ! back ( ! skull a cut ( ! annex$ =m1 ) y\r knife1 :i* y c turn back l a trap-door1 & ) ! m>r[-spoon entirely cle> out ! bra9s2 ,a repres5t+ ! neck1 & ,b ! sk9 turn$ back4 ,hav+ done ?is1 wa% ! int]ior ( ! skull ?or\ghly ) ! alum1 & fill x ) cotton wadd+4 ,! next op]ation requires c>e & practice--namely1 to get out ! eyes4 ,?is is done by cutt+ cauti\sly until ! lids appe>1 be+ c>eful n to cut ! eye itself1 & y c !n1 ) a =ceps1 :i* y w likewise f9d useful1 pull ea* f its socket2 wipe ! orifice c>efully1 wa% x ) ! alum solution1 & fill x ) cotton wadd+4 ,cut (f ! neck close to ! skull1 wa% ! /ump1 & ! :ole ( ! int]ior ( ! sk9 ) ! alum1 & ! sk9n+ is done4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aa4 ,wire b5t = ins]t+4 ,n[ comes ! /uff+4 ,! ord9>y mode us$ by bird-pres]v]s is a simple "o1 & answ]s v well2 !re is a ,fr5* me?od1 h[ev]1 :i* has its advantages1 & w be adv]t$ to h]eaft]4 ,take a piece ( ! wire suitable to ! size ( ! bird--t is1 z l>ge z ! legs w c>ry--& b5d x into ! foll[+ =m1 a repres5t+ ! neck1 b1 ! body1 & c1 ! junction ( ! tail1 all[+ suffici5t l5g? ( ! neck = ! wire to pass "s di/ance beyond ! head1 & be+ %>p5$ at ea* end1 :i* may be done by obliquely cutt+ x ) ! pli]s4 ,w9d ^u ?is wire hemp to ! side ( ! bird's body1 :i* y %\ld h ly+ by y to judge f1 & x w pres5t some?+ ( ?is appe>ance4 ,y c %ape x ) ! h&1 b be c>eful n to make x ! lea/ too l>ge2 &1 aft] y h f9i%$ x to y\r satisfaction1 y may s+e x1 z ! p\lt]] w\ld s+e a f[l1 :i* w make all neat2 b be p>ticul> to w9d ! hemp v tight4 ,!n take ! sk91 lay x on ! table on its back1 & pass ! wire at ! head into ! m>r[ :]e ! neck is cut (f1 ?r\gh above ! ro( ( ! m\?1 & out at "o no/ril1 & draw x up close to ! skull2 turn ! sk9 back1 & draw x d[n ov] ! hemp body1 & pass ! wire spike1 protrud+ at ! l[] end1 ?r\gh ! fle% ^u :i* ! tail gr[s1 ab\t ! c5t]1 & r bel[ ?an above4 ,! sk9 may n[ be adju/$ to ! hemp body1 & sewn up1 beg9n+ f ! top ( ! brea/1 & be+ p>ticul>ly c>eful always to take ! /it* f inside1 o!rwise y w draw 9 ! fea!rs at e pull4 ,at fir/ sew x v loose1 & !n1 ) ! button-hook1 draw x toge!r by degrees4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ab4 ,! hemp w\nd on ! wire4 ,) ! pli]s cut two l5g?s ( wire1 long en\gh to pass up ! legs & into ! neck1 & leave some?+ ov] to fa/5 ! bird by to ! bo>d or spray ^u :i* x is to be plac$4 ,! next op]ation requires "s address & great practice1 namely1 ! pass+ ! wire up ! legs4 ,?is is done by =c+ x into ! c5t] ( ! foot1 & up ! back ( ! legs1 into ! hemp body1 ?r\gh x obliquely1 & into ! neck1 until x is pretty firm4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ac4 ,9 do+ ?is1 y mu/ rememb] ! ord9>y position ( a bird :5 alive1 &1 !re=e1 in/ead ( pass+ ! wire ! :ole way )9 ! sk9 ( ! leg1 :5 y get to ! "p :]e y h cut (f ! bone--t is1 ! knee-jo9t--pass x ?r\gh ! sk9 to ! outside1 :]e ! knee w\ld come naturally 9 ! attitude ( /&+ or p]*+--x makes little diff]5ce :i*4 ,?is is ess5tial1 because1 if ! wire be pass$ ! :ole way inside ! sk91 x produces a wrong plac+ ( ! legs4 ,fig #ac w illu/rate ?is1 a repres5t+ ! l9e 9 :i* ! wire %\ld run4 ,! bird is n[ /uff$1 & y may at once place x ^u a spray or bo>d1 z ! case may be4 ,9 plac+ a bird ^u a spray1 ! fir/ jo9t %\ld be b5t almo/ on a level ) ! foot2 & 9 plac+ a bird on a bo>d1 "o leg %\ld be plac$ some:at beh9d ! o!r4 ,if ! w+s are int5d$ to be clos$1 z is usually ! case1 br+ !m into _! place1 :i* may be done by putt+ ! f+]s "u !m1 & press+ !m toge!r ov] ! back2 y may !n pass a ne$le1 or l>ge p91 ( :i* y %\ld h a good supply by y1 ?r\gh ! ?ick "p ( ! upp] w+ into ! body1 & s by ! l[] w+1 & if y all[ ^! to protrude1 y may fa/5 to "o ( !m a piece ( ?read1 & w9d x c>efully & lightly r\nd ! body1 :i* w keep ! fea!rs 9 _! places1 & ?is ?read %\ld be kept on = a =tnight or ?ree weeks1 until ! bird is dry4 ,! tail %\ld be kept 9 its place1 also1 = ! same "t1 by a piece ( ?9 wire b5t ov] x1 ?us3 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ad4 ,! only ?+ n[ to d is to put 9 ! eyes4 ,! color1 ( c\rse1 dep5ds on ! bird1 & ^! y may buy at any fi%+-tackle /ore4 ,if y d n use eyes too l>ge1 y w f9d little difficulty2 ! juice ( ! lids w act z a suffici5t cem5t4 ,z to ! m\nt+1 ,i %all say no?+ ab\t t n[1 b %all only adv]t %ortly to a ,fr5* me?od ( pres]v+ :i* is m difficult1 b has ! advantage ( sup]ior firmness4 ,x is ?is3 ,measur+ f ! ins]tion ( ! neck to ! tail1 make a wire frame ( ?is =m1 ! measure tak5 be+ f ,a4 to ,b4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ae4 ,wire ,us$ 9 ,fr5* ,me?od4 ,^u ?is end w9d hemp = ! neck only1 & place 9 ! sk9 9 ! same way z be=e direct$1 only t1 in/ead ( "o wire be+ pass$ ?r\gh t 9 :i* ! tail gr[s1 x is a =k t is pass$ ?r\gh x4 ,hav+ =m$ ?is frame1 fit on to x two legs1 ?us3 & aft] ! frame itself is 9 ! sk91 pass ^! f ! inside d[n ea* leg1 in/ead ( f ! outside1 & fa/5 !m on to ! frame ) ! pli]s1 by twi/+ ! ends1 ,b ,b1 r\nd ! frame1 ,c1 9 ! fir/ figure4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #af4 ,! ,wire ,legs4 ,?is w make all firm1 & y c !n fill ! body ) cut hemp & sew up4 ,"o ^w z to ! o!r prep>ations us$ by bird pres]v]s4 ,^! are ei!r corrosive sublimate or regulus ( ars5ic1 :i* is yell[ & ( a consi/5ce l butt]4 ,z ,i h said be=e1 9 cold wea!r1 :5 !re are no flies ab\t1 alum w d p]fectly well2 9 w>m wea!r ei!r ( ! two o!rs may be us$4 ,i %\ld pref] ! =m]--corrosive sublimate--z ! o!r is messy1 & ! *ief object is to dry up any?+ :i* c be attack$ by fle%-seek+ insects4 ,:5 y h f9i%$ y\r bird y c lay ! fea!rs ) a l>ge ne$le--x is z well to h "o fix$ 9 a h&le & kept = ?is purpose--&1 ty+ ! two m&ibles ( ! bill toge!r ) a piece ( ?read until ! :ole specim5 has h>d5$ & dri$1 ! "w is done4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,m\nt+ ,,birds1 ,,dri$ ,,sk9s1 ,,fea!rs1 ,,etc4 ,,m\nt+ ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,we w suppose t a pr(ici5cy1 f practice1 has be5 atta9$ 9 ! art ( bird-pres]v+1 accord+ to ! in/ructions giv54 ,! pr(ici5cy 9 pres]v+ may apply only to ! pres]vation & ! =m1 great & necess>y ?+s1 no d\bt1 z prelim9>ies2 b1 l matt] )\t mann]1 ( little avail alone4 ,= attitude1 ,i w\ld say1 z has be5 said to _m a "y arti/1 g to ,nature1 & !re y w f9d an orig9al 9 p]fection4 ,w\ld y make a will[-wr5 look l a will[-wr51 wat* him z he !re hangs ^u ! weep+ bir*1 or /&s on a b\gh pe]+ 9 que/ ( food4 ,ea* bird has its own mann]1 & if y _c hit ! mann]1 or make y\r /uff$ sk9 s f> am5able z to assume ! attitude1 x is ei!r ill-/uff$1 or y want ! requisite k ( t :i* y %\ld copy4 ,,bird ,,p9n$ ,,up4 ,hav+ fix$ on ! attitude1 x n[ only rema9s to put ! fea!rs into _! natural ord] z smoo?ly & regul>ly z possible2 & to keep !m 9 ?is /ate !y %\ld be b\nd ar\nd ) small fillets ( musl9 fa/5$ ) p9s z repres5t$ 9 fig4 #ag4 ,! bird %\ld !n be ?or\ghly dri$1 by plac+ x 9 an airy situation1 if 9 ,summ]2 or if 9 ,w9t]1 ne> ! fire1 b n s close z to affect ! natural oil conta9$ 9 ! fea!rs4 ,! want ( prop] att5tion 9 dry+ ru9s _m a f9e specim52 if long kept damp putridity ensues despite all pres]vatives1 :5 ! sk9 w become rott51 & ! fea!rs w soon fall (f2 besides1 ! mold & long-cont9u$ damp *ange ! *emical prop]ties ( ! pres]vatives us$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ag4 ,aft] ! bird has be5 ?or\ghly dri$1 ! fillets are remov$2 ! wire :i* protrud$ f ! head is cut (f z close to ! skull z possible1 ) ! wire cutt+ p9c]s else:]e %[n4 ,x mu/ !n be atta*$ to a circul>1 or o!r %ap$ piece ( wood1 ) ! g5]ic & specific "n & sex1 z well z its c\ntry & locality atta*$ to x1 on a small ticket1 :5 x may be plac$ 9 a museum4 ,"y h&s commonly suppose t a bird %\ld /& bolt upright1 ) ! legs almo/ p]p5dicul>1 or at "r-angles to ! p]*4 ,?is is a great mi/ake1 & nev] to be f\nd 9 ,nature4 ,d we /& rigid1 l a foot-soldi] on drill8 ,does n a bird1 z well z ourselves1 accommodate itself to ! ?+ on :i* x re/s8 ,assur$ly x does2 = birds d n1 z a "y bird-/uff] endeavors to d1 f9d always a p]* to re/ ^u 9 ! plane ( ! horizon4 ,x !re=e foll[s t1 z he keeps himself upright1 8 legs mu/ accommodate !mselves to 8 p]*4 ,s 9 ! gr\nd-birds !re is a g5tle slope backw>ds f ! h9d toe1 ! balance be+ pres]v$ 9 bo? cases by ?r[+ ! body =w>d 9 proportion4 ,x is n uncommon to see birds pres]v$ ) w+s & tail spread4 ,n[1 ord9>ily speak+1 ?is is v objectionable1 because v unnatural4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ah4 ,fig4 #ai4 ,fig4 #bj4 ,prop] positions ( birds4 ,a bird pres]v$ is suppos$ to repres5t a bird 9 a /ate ( repose2 t is1 n 9 flight2 ! only modification all[able be+ ) reg>d to ^? birds ^: mann] x may be to h ! w+s m or less op5 on occasions2 ?us ! falcon tribe1 suppos+ !y are repres5t$ z dev\r+ a qu>ry1 or two birds toy+ ) ea* o!r4 ,x may be t a bird ess5tially a]ial1 l ! swift1 or p]haps "s ( ! t]ns or ! frigate bird1 may be repres5t$ z actually on ! w+4 ,9 ?is case1 ( c\rse1 ! w+s mu/ be spread2 & ?is is be/ done by pass+ a wire1 n too ?ick1 f ! base ( ! quill-fea!rs on ! "u side alongside ! bone into ! body1 :]e x %\ld be c>efully & coax+ly ins]t$ t[>ds ! tail until y feel t y h a pretty good hold4 ,y may !n pass x c>efully "u ! longe/ quill-fea!r1 & ?r\gh ! back ( ! case1 & fa/5 x by br++ x back aga9 ?r\gh & cl9*+ x1 conceal+ x s by ! oblique position ( ! bird t x is n detectable4 ,x is obvi\s t by pass+ ! wire alongside ! bone1 y may b5d ! w+s to any angle y please4 ,) reg>d to ! case1 !re are two me?ods2 "o a bell-glass1 :i*1 glass be+ n[ s reasonable1 is c]ta9ly a v pretty & reasonable way ( m\nt+1 b inapplicable to birds :i* are to be plac$ on a wall1 or to be repres5t$ fly+2 al?\gh ?is may be manag$ by atta*+ "o wire f ! po9t ( ! w+ to a twig suffici5tly firm1 :i* x w sc>cely appe> to t\*1 if manag$ adroitly4 ,x is likewise indisp5sable t a bird = a %ade %\ld be /uff$ s well z to look nicely 9 all positions4 ,"o ?+ mu/ always be rememb]$1 d n h y\r case a %ade too l>ge1 j cle> ! object s z n to /9t x = room2 & 9 flat cases ?is applies *iefly to dep?1 = x %\ld h suffici5t light1 or x w n look well4 ,wood5 cases %\ld be made z slight 79 ?ickness7 z is consi/5t ) firmness2 well-season$ :ite deal is be/2 & ! case %\ld be =m$ ( back1 top & bottom1 op5 at ! front & sides1 & at ea* corn] ( ! front two slight deal supports1 rabbit$ on _! inn] edges1 & pres5t+ on ! :ole ?is appe>ance4 ,hav+ ! case prep>$1 x %\ld be pap]$ ) ord9>y demy pap] on ! top & back )91 &1 :5 ! pa/e is dry1 wa%$ ov] c>efully ) size & :it5+1 t9t$ ) a little /one-blue2 "s add "s t\*es ( :ite subsequ5tly to repres5t cl\ds1 ! gr\nd repres5t+ ! air2 "s also pa/e a l&scape on ! back1 b ?is mu/ be good1 or y _h bett] h pla9 color4 ,! bird to be plac$ 9 ?is case is ei!r p]*+1 /&+ or fly+4 ,= ! latt]1 directions h be5 giv54 ,z to ! two =m]1 ! p]* mu/ be firmly fix$ 9 ! small piece ( flat wood ^u :i* x previ\sly /ood1 & put 9 ^u x1 ! wood be+ fa/5$ to ! bottom ( ! case1 ei!r by screw+ f bel[1 f above1 or glu+ ) /\t glue1 or by pass+ wire ?r\gh two holes 9 ! bottom ( ! case & ! wood1 & cl9*+ above4 ,9 ?is case1 or 9 screw+ f bel[1 let ! wire or ! screw into ! wood1 & putty ov]1 & s if ! bird is repres5t$ /&+4 ,! bird be+ fix$1 ! next ?+ is ! decorat+ or we$+1 z x is te*nically call$1 & "h we ent] ^u a subject s entirely ( ta/e & fancy1 t no fix$ rules1 z to ! disposition1 c 9 all cases be giv54 ,"o rule applies equally to ?is z to l&scape pa9t+1 viz41 t !re %\ld always be a comp5sation ( objects4 ,t is1 if y h a turf ( grass on "o side :i* rises t[>ds ! top ( ! case1 !re %\ld be some?+ 9 ! l[] opposite corn] to /rike ! eye1 b n to rise above midway at fur!/1 & ! gr\nd1 or floor1 %\ld n be ov]-furni%$ ) moss1 etc4 ,aft] ! bird is fix$1 ! :ole bottom %\ld be c>efully glu$ ov] ) ?9 glue1 tak+ c>e1 :]e ! bird's feet are at ! bottom1 n to t\* ! toes ) ! glue4 ,"s f9e-sift$ s& or gravel %\ld !n be sift$ ov] x1 & x w adh]e :]ev] ! glue has t\*$2 = ?is purpose a small t9 %ovel is be/1 some?+ 9 ?is =m1 & ab\t two in*es wide by f\r long1 ) a h&le 9 proportion1 :i* c be made to ord] at any t9-man's = a trifle4 ,ev]y?+ us$ 9 we$+ %\ld be bak$ 9 a sl[ ov51 o!rwise spid]s' eggs & m9ute creatures1 :i* are pretty sure to be conta9$ 9 x1 w make _! appe>ance aft] ! case is clos$ 9 ! disagreeable =m ( de/roy+ y\r specim54 ,moss1 etc41 by be+ sl[ly dri$1 w also keep its color bett]4 ,yell[ moss1 f\nd on ! ro(s ( old b>ns1 & d>k gray ( ! same species1 are v g5]ally useful3 & :]e yell[ moss _c be _h1 ! :ite or gray may be color$ ) *rome1 & looks z well4 ,wat]-plants fade1 be+ m or less succul5t1 & h5ce a little common wat]-color ) gum w be us$ ) advantage & look less artificial ?an oil pa9t1 :i* is (t5 us$4 ,f]n looks v pretty z an adjunct = hea?-birds1 b x %\ld be dri$ gradually & c>efully1 :5 q full gr[n1 & a small t\* ( light gre51 p]man5t :ite =m+ a portion ( x1 w give x a fre%ness & m natural appe>ance4 ,grass 9 se$ 7n 9 fl[]7 ( v>i\s k9ds is also a v pretty addition2 b bird pres]v]s h a habit ( us+ dy$ grass1 & yell[ & r$ ,x]an?ymum1 or ,ev]la/+1 :i* is c]ta9ly to be avoid$1 & inde$ any?+ :i* is unnatural4 ,if x is wi%$ to introduce a lump ( e>?1 or an app>5t bank1 a piece ( ?ick br[n pap]1 b5t to ! requisite %ape1 & glu$ ov] & cov]$ ) sift$ s& or gravel1 has a v good effect2 b insects & butt]flies1 or artificial fl[]s1 unless !y are extremely natural1 %\ld c]ta9ly be avoid$4 ,reg>d %\ld also be _h to ! season at :i* ! bird is usually se54 ,= in/ance1 ,summ] birds are1 ( c\rse1 surr\nd$ by gre5 & liv+ objects1 b ,autumn or ,w9t] visitants by decay+ or dead h]bage4 ,x has (t5 be5 made an exp]im5t to repres5t sn[1 b x is difficult to obta9 any?+ :ite en\gh1 & at ! same "t ( a cry/all9e "*1 :i*1 ( c\rse1 x %\ld be4 ,potato f>9a nicely dri$1 mix$ ) ,epsom salts p\nd$ v f9e1 does n make a bad sub/itute2 b ! real difficulty lies beh9d1 namely1 9 fix+ x1 &1 m ?an all1 ! lea/ damp takes v mu* f its appe>ance1 if x does n de/roy ! effect1 & h5ce we mu/ h rec\rse to m9]al aid1 & any v :ite m9]al p[d] m+l$ ) p\nd$ glass is p]haps be/4 ,x is unnecess>y to say t ! h]bage ^u :i* x is meant to re/ %\ld be t\*$ all ov] ) pa/e1 n glue1 & ! :ite mixture %ak5 ov] & left to dry4 ,:at w height5 ! effect v mu*1 if prettily execut$1 is a black l&scape ) a d>k lead5 sky & ne>ly black e>? m+l$ ) moss4 ,to repres5t wat]1 a small piece ( look+-glass1 surr\nd$ ) moss1 etc41 answ]s v well4 ,! bills & legs ( birds %\ld be always v>ni%$1 & :]e ! natural color fades aft] dea? x %\ld be re/or$ by a ?9 coat ( oil-color ( ! requir$ %ade4 ,! bird be+ fix$ & ! case g>ni%$1 no?+ rema9s b to put 9 ! glass2 ?is is 9 ?ree pieces1 "o = ! front & a piece at ea* end4 ,?is c be pa/$ 9 ) v /rong pap] r\nd ! edge1 advanc+ suffici5tly ov] ! glass to hold x4 ,9 do+ ?is x is n necess>y to be v p>ticul> to avoid pa/+ ! glass1 z aft] x is dri$ x c be wip$ clean ) a damp clo?4 ,! la/ op]ation is a v simple "o1 & done 9 a few m9utes4 ,y mu/ procure "s black _s-v>ni%1 :i* y c make y\rself by dissolv+ ! be/ black seal+-wax 9 spirits ( w9e1 & %\ld be kept cork$2 :5 ?is is good x acts z pa9t & v>ni% at ! same "t1 & dries z fa/ z x is put on4 ,"o or two brass r+s screw$ on at ! top ( ! back ( ! case w f9i% ! bird1 & if ! case be nicely & closely made1 !re is no limit ( "t to :i* ! pres]vation ( ! specim5 may n ext5d4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,m\nt+ ,,dri$ ,,sk9s4 ,we mu/ n[ say some?+ respect+ ! sett+ up ( sk9s :i* h be5 pres]v$ by travel]s1 & s5t home f di/ant p>ts4 ,! g5]al me?od is exactly ! same z 9 /uff+ rec5t specim5s4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 "s prelim9>y /eps :i* x is necess>y to "k4 ,if ! specim5 s5t home has be5 p>tially /uff$1 our fir/ bus9ess is to undo ! /it*es1 if x has be5 sew$--:i* 0 an unnecess>y process4 ,we !n remove ! :ole cotton or t[ f ! inside1 by ! assi/ance ( =ceps1 & f ! neck ) a small piece ( wire1 twi/$ or hook$ at ! end4 ,hav+ f9i%$ ?is1 small balls ( wet cotton are plac$ 9 ! orbits ( ! eyes1 & ! legs & feet are wrapp$ r\nd ) wet cotton or l95 rags4 ,a damp clo? is !n ?r[n ov] ! bird1 & x is all[$ to rema9 9 ?is /ate till next day4 ,! neck & body are !n fill$ ) wet l95 or cotton1 & x w be ready = comm5c+ sett+ up 9 f\r or five h\rs4 ,! eyes are n[ put 91 z direct$ 9 ! rec5t subjects1 & !n /uff$ 9 exactly ! same mann]4 ,"s difficulty w1 h[ev]1 be exp]i5c$ ) respect to ! leg-wires1 & x w require m "t & c>e1 f ! dryness ( ! legs1 to get ! wire to p5etrate4 ,hav+ proce$$ s f> z to get ! bird g5]ally =m$1 ! w+s are next adju/$2 ?is also is frequ5tly difficult1 ow+ to ! /iffness ( ! t5dons & want ( prop] att5tion 9 sk9n+ & dry+ !m at fir/4 ,inde$1 ) "s ( ! ,s\? ,am]ican birds1 a prop] adju/m5t ( ! w+s is f\nd impracticable1 ow+ to ! attempts ( ! native ,indians ( ,guyana1 :o seldom dispose !m prop]ly4 ,:5 ^! sk9s--frequ5tly exce$+ly valuable f _! r>ity--are undone1 to be rem\nt$1 x is (t5times f\nd utt]ly impossible to get ! w+s to take a natural set1 9 :i* case !re is no o!r rem$y b cutt+ !m (f close to ! body1 & fix+ !m anew4 ,! scapul>s are sep>at$1 !y are s(t5$ ) damp clo?s1 & !n wrapp$ up ) b&s ( %eet lead1 to give !m a prop] set4 ,:5 we h got !m 9 _! natural %ape1 !y mu/ be fix$ to ! sides by cem5t & cotton1 & a long p9 ?r\gh ea*1 ) ! head conceal$ among/ ! fea!rs4 ,! scapul>s1 :i* we h cut (f1 mu/ !n be cem5t$ on1 & !y w effectually cov] ! jo9+ ( ! w+s4 ,! bird be+ n[ arrang$1 & all ! fea!rs adju/$1 x is wrapp$ r\nd ) small b&s ( f9e l95 or musl91 & set aside till ?or\ghly dry4 ,%\ld any fea!rs be dis5gag$ dur+ ! m\nt+1 !y mu/ be kept1 &1 :5 ! bird is dry1 we c replace !m 9 _! prop] situations ) a pair ( =ceps1 aft] !y h be5 t\*$ on _! %afts ) ! cem5t2 ! fea!rs ar\nd ! place 9 :i* we int5d to ins]t !m mu/ be held up ) ! prob+-ne$le4 ,if any ( ! fea!rs are d]ang$ 9 m\nt+1 & h got a wrong set1 ! only way to rem$y ! defect is to pull !m out ) =ceps1 & re-ins]t !m ) cem5t4 ,,( ,,m\nt+ ,,birds1 ,,fea!r ,,by ,,fea!r4 ,r>e birds are frequ5tly receiv$ f =eign c\ntries1 ! sk9s ( :i* are 9 su* a /ate ( decay1 t x is impossible to m\nt !m by ! ord9>y process above describ$4 ,! only way 9 :i* !y c be pres]v$1 is to m\nt !m fea!r by fea!r1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is a v t$i\s me?od4 ,x is z foll[s3 ,procure a piece ( s(t pliable wire1 su* z is us$ by bell-hang]s2 or take "s ( ! ord9>y wire us$1 & make x r$-hot 9 ! fire1 & all[ x to cool gradually1 :5 x w become q pliable4 ,take five pieces ( ?is1 ( diff]5t l5g?s1 & =m !m into ! skeleton ( a body2 namely1 two = ! back1 "o on ea* side1 & "o to repres5t ! brea/-bone4 ,imitate ! %ape ( ! bird's body z ne>ly z possible4 ,! wires mu/ be r\gh5$ ) a file1 at ! place :]e all ! wires meet1 at ! neck & rump2 & fir/ wrap ! place next ! neck r\nd ) /rong ?read or f9e brass wire4 ,two pieces int5d$ = ! back mu/ b5d g5tly d[nw>ds1 & be gradually sep>at$ f ea* o!r t[>ds ! c5t]1 & br\ght toge!r aga9 at ! place int5d$ = ! rump1 :i!r !y mu/ int]sect ea* o!r1 & be twi/$ two or ?ree times1 to keep !m 9 _! place2 !y are !n spread out z supports = ! tail2 ! side-pieces are next =m$1 s z to repres5t ! natural bulge ( a bird's body1 & atta*$ to ! rump2 ! piece repres5t+ ! brea/ is !n =m$1 jo9$ at ! rump1 & aft]w>ds cont9u$ z long z ! o!r tail-pieces1 to support ! c5t] ( ! tail2 :ile at ! front extremity a piece is left1 = ! purpose ( =m+ a neck to :i* to atta* ! head4 ,two leg-wires are atta*$ to ! side-wires1 be+ roll$ r\nd !m = sev]al turns1 mak+ a frame-"w ! %ape ( ! bird4 ,aft] ?is body has be5 prop]ly =m$1 x mu/ be wrapp$ r\nd ) t[-sliv]1 & ! neck ?ick5$ to its requir$ dim5sions4 ,:5 ?is is accompli%$1 ! head1 legs1 w+s & tail are s(t5$ 9 ! usual mann]2 ! eyes are !n fix$ 9 ) "s cotton introduc$ into ! orbits1 ) a little ( ! cem5t4 ,! w+s & tail are n[ plac$ on a table1 ) a flat lead5 weight above ea*1 to re/ore !m to _! natural %ape4 ,! leg-wires are !n pass$ ?r\gh ! legs1 comm5c+ at ! top1 & br++ !m out at ! soles ( ! feet1 & left ) a piece ext5d+ beyond ! claws4 ,! tail is n[ fix$ on1 by fir/ atta*+ to x a quantity ( cotton ) ! cem5t1 &1 :5 dry1 x is fix$ to ! "p int5d$ z ! rump4 ,! feet ( ! bird mu/ be fix$ into a piece ( wood1 z a p]*1 ! ends ( :i* mu/ be left "s in*es beyond ! body4 ,! end next to ! tail is fix$ into a table-vise1 ) ! belly upw>ds1 & ! head po9t+ t[>d ! op]ator4 ,! fea!rs are n[ put on1 comm5c+ "u ! tail1 or crissum1 ) :at are t]m$ ! "u-tail cov]ts2 a coat+ ( cem5t mu/ be previ\sly laid on1 to atta* ! fea!rs )4 ,x is proce$$ ) upw>ds to ! brea/1 & f9ally ! l5g? ( ! neck1 tak+ c>e to put ! prop] fea!rs on _! respective sides1 z ! side-fea!rs h all an incl9ation to "o side4 ,! bird is n[ turn$ ) ! back up1 /ill keep+ ! head t[>ds ! /uff]2 & ! w+s are fix$ on ) cem5t1 & p9s =c$ ?r\gh ! be>ds ( ! fea!rs to conceal ! heads4 ,:5 ?is is done put on ! fea!rs ( ! rump1 & proce$ upw>ds1 z has be5 done ) ! belly4 ,aft] rea*+ ! top ( ! neck1 ! head is !n fix$ on ) "s cotton imm]s$ 9 ! cem5t1 & all[$ to dry be=e attempt+ to put on ! fea!rs4 ,9 ?is mode ( m\nt+ a bird !re are sev]al ?+s :i* mu/ be att5tively adh]$ to2 ^! are--fir/1 n to put ! fea!rs too ?ick1 = !re is a dang] ( runn+ %ort2 secondly1 all ! %afts ( ! fea!rs mu/ h a small bit cut (f ! tip1 s z to admit ! cem5t & to give !m a firm] hold2 & ?irdly1 t ! fea!rs %\ld all occupy _! respective p>ts2 & f\r?ly1 t !y %\ld be arrang$ z !y are 9 nature on ^! p>ts1 z ! disposition ( e "p ( ! body is peculi> to itself4 ,at fir/1 ?is mode ( sett+ up birds w be f\nd a difficult task1 b1 by a little practice & exp]i5ce1 x w become famili> & comp>atively easy1 al?\gh x w always be f\nd a t$i\s process4 ,we h se5 "s specim5s set up 9 ?is way1 :i* we c\ld h>dly detect f ^? m\nt$ 9 ! ord9>y mann]4 ,besides :at we h already said conc]n+ ! /uff+ & prep>+ ( birds1 !re are _m details connect$ ) p>ticul> species :i* dem& our att5tion1 & :i* c only be describ$ z reg>d+ t species4 ,x w1 h[ev]1 be impossible = u to ent] into all ^! m9utely1 b only give a few examples z g5]al guides4 ,we %all take ^! 9 sy/ematic succession4 ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,colors4 ,9 ! pres]vation ( ! fea!rs ( ,birds1 little else is requir$ to prev5t ! dissipation ( _! colors ?an to keep !m z mu* z possible f air & light4 ,^! two ag5ts1 :i* 7 indisp5sable to _! beauty & p]fection 9 a liv+ /ate1 n[ ex]cise _! influ5ce z de/roy]s1 & t influ5ce w soon] or lat] "w its ends accord+ to ! quality1 texture1 or color ( ! object ) :i* x is cont5d+4 ,! fea!rs are n[ depriv$ ( two ag5ts1 :i* 9 a liv+ /ate contribut$ to _! vigor & _! beauty1 namely1 ! int]nal circulat+ juices :i* !y receiv$ f ! body ( ! animal1 & ! ext]nal application ( oil by ! bill ( ! bird1 suppli$ f a gl& :i* is plac$ ov] ! rump ( all birds4 ,! colors ( ! rapaci\s tribes are n s evanesc5t z ^? ( _m o!rs1 z !y1 = ! mo/ "p are compos$ ( int5se br[ns & blacks1 :i* are n s easily absorb$ by light or air1 s t !y cont9ue = a v long p]iod )\t any s5sible diff]5ce4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 c]ta9 o!r po9ts :i* are liable to almo/ imm$iate *ange ( color aft] ! dea? ( ! animals1 & ^! are ! c]e & sk9 ( ! legs & feet1 & ! nak$ sk9 on ! heads & necks ( ,vultures & _! cong5]s4 ,we %all treat ( ^! individually4 ,n[1 z all ^! colors :i* we h describ$ are liable to *ange1 imm$iately aft] dea?1 x is evid5t t consid]able nicety w be requir$ to give ! pres]v$ specim5 ! appe>ance ( nature4 ,^! mu/1 !re=e1 be suppli$ artificially ) ! v>ni% colors1 :i* we h p>ticul>ly describ$ 9 _! prop] place1 z also ! comb9ations = ! =mation ( comp\nd colors4 ,! r$di%-br[n color m5tion$1 ( :i* ! fold is compos$1 mu/ be t\*$ by a mixture ( ! sc>let v>ni%1 ) a little p[d]$ burnt umb]1 & ! blue /reaks ) :i* x is trav]s$1 color$ above ) cobalt blue4 ,all ! v>ni% colors h a t5d5cy to %9e1 :i*1 x w be evid5t1 is n ! "* ( any "p ( ! sk91 or c>uncle ( ! bird describ$4 ,z soon1 !re=e1 z x is ?or\ghly dry1 :i* w be 9 ab\t an h\r1 ! :ole surface mu/ be g5tly rubb$ ) v f9e s&-pap]1 :i* w completely remove ! gloss & give ! appe>ance ( nature4 ,"s nicety w be requir$ 9 pa9t+ betwixt ! hairs1 b x c be easily manag$ ) a little caution4 ,sometimes ^! hairs are liable to become br[n1 9 :i* case !y c be t\*$ ) ! black v>ni%4 ,z ^! birds are inhabitants ( w>m climates1 "s c>e is requisite1 aft] kill+ !m1 to prev5t decay2 ! t5dons ( ! legs %\ld be extract$ to prev5t _! be+ attack$ by mo?s1 & _! place suppli$ by "s cotton & pres]vatives4 ,! t5dons are extract$ by means ( a longitud9al incision made beh9d ! t>sus4 ,! edges ( ?is incision c easily be br\ght toge!r :5 ! bird is "u ! process ( prep>ation4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,collect+ ,,& ,,pres]v+ ,,birds' ,,eggs ,,& ,,ne/s4 ,few objects ( ,natural ,hi/ory are m int]e/+ ?an ! ne/s ( birds4 ,to ! reflect+ naturali/1 !y op5 up a wide field = inquiry4 ,speak+ ( ! exam9ation ( birds1 9 ! ex]cise ( _! me*anical arts ( con/ruct+ ne/s1 ,pr(essor ,r5nie says3 ,?is "w is ! bus9ess ( _! lives--! duty :i* calls =? t wond]ful +5uity :i* no exp]i5ce c tea*1 & :i* no human skill c rival4 ,! inf9ite v>iety ( modes 9 :i* ! ne/s ( birds are con/ruct$1 & ! exquisite adaptation ( ! ne/ to ! peculi> habits ( ! individual1 (f] a subject ( almo/ exhau/less int]e/4 ,! numb] & v>iety ( ! eggs ( birds are curi\s subjects ( contemplation1 & %\ld be c>efully not$ :5ev] opportunity (f]s4 ,!y are z ess5tial to ! p]sonal hi/ory ( ! species z any o!r "p ( our inquiries4 ,! eggs are empti$ ( _! cont5ts by mak+ a v small hole at ea* end ) a po9t4 ,by bl[+ at "o ( ! ends1 ! cont5ts w escape by ! o!r1 unless ! "y has be5 already =m$2 9 :i* case a l>g] hole mu/ be made 9 ! side ( ! egg1 & ! cont5ts remov$ ) a small hook4 ,! hole %\ld !n be /opp$ up by pa/+ a little gold-beat]'s leaf ov] x4 ,! eggs are !n ei!r return$ to _! ne/1 9 :i* !y ought to be cem5t$1 or %\ld be fix$ d[n by "o side to c>ds1 ) ! "n & locality atta*$4 ,! be/ mann] ( convey+ loose eggs to a di/ance is to put "s cotton at ! bottom ( ! ne/1 & !n ano!r lay] above !m4 ,! ne/s %\ld all be put up 9 sep>ate boxes1 if possible1 & s pack$ t ! pressure ( ! lid may n injure ! eggs1 or a box ) sev]al comp>tm5ts %\ld be us$1 tak+ c>e t ea* is c>efully m>k$4 ,x w\ld also be ( consequ5ce to h ! ne/s atta*$ to ! bran*es1 ) ^? species :i* build on trees1 :i* w enable u to trace ! +5i\s means employ$ by ^? little animals 9 con/ruct+ _! habitations4 ,9 s5d+ home specim5s f a =eign c\ntry1 ! seams ( ! box %\ld be cov]$ by pit*$ clo?1 to protect !m f ! influ5ce ( moi/ure4 ,to pres]ve ! %ells ( eggs1 fir/ take c>e to cle> !m ( _! cont5ts2 get a small1 f9e-po9t$ common syr+e1 su* z is sold 9 toy-%ops1 & inject ! specim5 ) wat] until x comes out q clean4 ,:5 an egg has be5 p>tly hat*$ or addl$1 ! removal ( ! cont5ts g5]ally includes t ( ! int]nal membrane or pellicle3 ?is makes ! %ell weak]4 ,:5 ! specim5s are q clean int]nally1 & h become dry 7:i* w be 9 a day or two71 take ! syr+e & inject !m ) a /rong solution ( is+lass 7) a little sug>-c&y add$ to prev5t its crack+72 bl[ ?is out aga9 :il/ w>m4 ,let ! %ell get dry1 & !n wa% ! outside ) a s(t wet clo? to remove sal9e p>ticles1 dirt f ! ne/1 etc4 ,?is me?od v>ni%es ! inside1 & ! fir/ specim5 on :i* x has be5 tri$ 0 ! be=e-m5tion$ h$ge-acc5tor's egg1 :i* is to ?is day z bright 9 color z a fre% specim54 ,also 9 a pair ( nightj>'s eggs1 ( :i* species ! delicate gray t9t is p>ticul>ly evanesc5t1 "o 0 inject$ 9 ! mann] describ$1 & ! o!r 0 n2 9 ! fir/ ! gray is /ill p]fectly def9$1 9 ! o!r x has entirely disappe>$4 ,eggs :i* h lo/ _! int]nal pellicle become /r5g!n$ by ?is process1 & ^? :i* h n lo/ _! color greatly improv$4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,sk9n+1 ,,pres]v+1 ,,& ,,sett+ ,,up ,,reptiles1 ,,fi%es ,,& ,,mollusc\s ,,animals1 ,,etc4 ,,tortoises ,,& ,,turtles4 ,,sk9n+4--,! fir/ op]ation is to sep>ate ! back & brea/-%ells ) a /rong %ort knife or *isel4 ,if ! =ce ( ! h& is inadequate1 a mallet may be us$1 tak+ c>e n to /rike s h>d z to crack ! %ell4 ,^! two bony plates be+ cov]$ by ! sk91 or by scales1 ! scapula1 & all ! muscles ( ! arm & neck1 9 place ( be+ atta*$ to ! ribs & sp9e1 are plac$ bel[1 f :i* cause ! tortoise has be5 t]m$ a retrov]t$ animal4 ,! v]tebral extremity ( ! scapula is articulat$ ) ! %ield1 & ! opposite extremity ( ! clavicle ) ! brea/-plate 9 su* a mann] t ! %\ld]s =m a r+ = ! passage ( ! w9dpipe & gullet4 ,aft] ! turtle is op5$1 all ! fle% :i* adh]es to ! brea/-plate1 & also to ! upp] %ell1 is remov$1 :ile att5tion is paid to ! p>ts z above describ$4 ,! head1 =e-feet1 & tail are sk9n$ z 9 quadrup$s2 b none ( ^! mu/ be remov$ f ! upp] %ell1 b left atta*$4 ,all ! fle%y p>ts be+ remov$1 ! %ells are wa%$ out ) a sponge1 & c>efully dri$4 ,!y are !n slightly rubb$ ) ! ars5ical soap4 ,,/uff+4--,wires are n[ pass$ ?r\gh ! middle ( ! legs1 aft] ! sk9 has be5 rubb$ ) ! pres]vative4 ,! skull is return$ to its place1 & ! :ole ( ! head1 neck1 & legs /uff$ ) *opp$ flax or t[4 ,! p>ts ( ! sk9 :i* h be5 cut are !n sew$ toge!r4 ,! back & brea/-plates are !n unit$ by f\r small holes1 be+ bor$ at _! edges1 & unit$ by /r+s or small wires4 ,! junction ( ! bones may !n be atta*$ ) ! cem5t1 color$ s z to correspond ) ! %ell4 ,if ! calipa% is dirty1 x may be clean$ ) a slight solution ( nitric acid & wat]2 aft]w>ds cleanly wa%$1 oil$1 & !n rubb$ ) a wool5 rag1 to give x a poli%4 ,,crocodiles ,,& ,,liz>ds ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,,sk9n+4--,all ?is tribe are sk9n$ 9 ! same mann] z quadrup$s4 ,c>e1 h[ev]1 is requir$ 9 sk9n+ ! tails ( ! small] species1 z !y are v liable to break4 ,! sk9s be+ ( a dry nature1 require b little ( ! pres]vative4 ,aft] !y are ?or\ghly dri$ !y w keep a v long "t )\t decay4 ,,/uff+4--,/uff !m z direct$ = quadrup$s4 ,!y admit ( b little v>iety ( attitude4 ,! small species are exce$+ly apt to *ange color 9 dry+2 :i* mu/ be imitat$ ) ! color$ v>ni%es1 & aft]w>ds dimm$ ) s&-pap]4 ,to keep !m 9 _! natural colors1 !y %\ld be pres]v$ 9 spirits4 ,! sk9s ( su* z are glossy %\ld be v>ni%$ aft] !y are p]fectly dry4 ,,s]p5ts ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,,sk9n+4--,9 sk9n+ s]p5ts !re is "s nicety requir$1 to cut !m s z n to disfigure ! scales2 ! op5+ %\ld be made 9 ! side1 comm5c+ at ! t]m9ation ( ! scales2 & !y %\ld on no acc\nt be divid$1 z ^u _! numb] ! species is mo/ly det]m9$4 ,x is a v frequ5t practice to s5d home s]p5ts )\t ! head1 :i* r5d]s !m q unfit = any sci5tific purpose4 ,?is proce$s f ! fe> ( receiv+ poison f ! fangs4 ,b !re is n ! slighte/ dang] ( be+ affect$1 z ^! c easily be cut out by means ( p9c]s4 ,! head %\ld be clean$ & ! bra9 remov$1 9 ! same mann] z recomm5d$ = birds & quadrup$s1 ! skull ano9t$ & !n return$ into ! sk94 ,:5 ! sk9 is remov$1 x may be roll$ up & pack$ 9 small space4 ,! simple/ way to pres]ve small species is to put !m 9 spirits1 :i* mu/ n be too /rong1 z x w de/roy ! colors4 ,mr4 ,bur*ell1 9 8 f\r ye>s' j\rney ?r\gh ,africa1 glu$ ! sk9s ( ! small] s]p5ts p]fectly flat on pap]1 :i* pres]v$ ! size ( ! animal1 & ! sk9 reta9$ all ! beauty ( life4 ,,/uff+4--,! sk91 if n rec5t1 mu/ be fir/ s(t5$ 9 ! mann] recomm5d$ = birds4 ,a piece ( wire is tak51 ! l5g? ( ! animal1 :i* mu/ be wrapp$ r\nd ) t[ till x is ( a prop] ?ickness1 & above ! :ole a spiral b& ( sliv] %\ld be c>efully wrapp$4 ,x is !n plac$ inside ( ! sk91 & sew$ up4 ,! eyes are plac$ 9 z direct$ = quadrup$s & birds4 ,:5 dry1 give ! s]p5t a coat ( v>ni%1 & !n twi/ x into any attitude wi%$4 ,a favorite & /rik+ "o is to h x w\nd r\nd "s animal1 & 9 ! act ( kill+ x4 ,,frogs ,,& ,,toads4 ,,sk9n+4--,! m\? is op5$1 & ! fir/ v]tebr ( ! neck is cut4 ,! :ole inside ( ! m\? is cut out ) scissors4 ,! two jaws are next rais$ up1 & ! sk9 is pu%$ back ) ! f+]s ( ! "r h&1 :ile ! body is drawn back 9 a contr>y direction ) ! o!r h&1 & ! :ole body is !n drawn out at ! m\?4 ,! legs are !n return$ to _! prop] place4 ,,/uff+4--,! simple/ me?od ( /uff+ ^! animals is ) s&4 ,a small funnel is plac$ 9 ! m\?1 & p\r 9 well-dri$ s&4 ,:5 full1 a small piece ( cotton is pu%$ into ! ?roat1 ) "s ( ! cem5t1 to keep ! s& f escap+ on mov+ ! animal4 ,! ,frog is !n plac$ on a bo>d1 & 9 an attitude4 ,:5 q dry1 give x a coat ( v>ni%4 ,:5 ?is has p]fectly dri$1 v small p]=ations are made "u ! belly ) ! po9t ( a ne$le1 & ! s& all[$ to escape1 leav+ ! body 9 its natural =m4 ,^! animals are liable to *ange ( color f dry+1 & %\ld1 !re=e1 be pa9t$ ) ! v>ni% to _! natural hues4 ,!re is less difficulty ) ,toads 9 ?is respect1 z !y are usually ( a br[n color1 & n liable to mu* *ange4 ,!y may be p]fectly pres]v$ 9 spirits4 ,,fi%es4 ,! be/ me?od ( secur+ ! scales & colors ( ,fi%1 is1 z soon z !y are caught1 to apply cambric or tissue pap] to !m1 :i* w soon dry & adh]e firmly2 ! body may be !n tak5 out & ! sk9 dri$4 ,:5 ! sk9 is to be /uff$1 roll x 9 a moi/ clo?1 :i* w n only r5d] x pliable1 b also s(t5 ! tissue pap]1 s z x c be remov$1 :5 ! colors w be f\nd to be mu* bright] ?an by any o!r me?od ) :i* we are yet acqua9t$4 ,,lampreys1 ,,eels1 ,,& ,,o!r ,,fi% ,,( ,,simil> ,,=m4 ,^! species may be sk9n$ 9 ! same mann] z ,frogs & ,toads1 by draw+ ! body ?r\gh ! m\?4 ,,( ,,sk9n+ ,,fi% ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,! fi% %\ld be procur$ z fre% z possible1 m p>ticul>ly if x is "o ( ^? on :i* ! scales are loosely atta*$4 ,lay x on "o side & cut ! gills ) a pair ( scissors2 !n introduce a little t[ or piece ( sponge into ! place to prev5t ! blood f fl[+ dur+ ! process ( sk9n+2 let ! f9s be rais$ & g5tly ext5d$1 & two pieces ( pap]1 some?+ ! %ape ( ea*1 be plac$ "u !m1 only ext5d+ a little beyond !m4 ,coat ! pap] ) a weak solution ( gum-arabic1 & put a piece ( simil> size on ! top ( ! f92 by press+ ^! g5tly !y w adh]e & dry 9 a few m9utes2 ^! w keep ! f9s ext5d$1 & pres]ve !m dur+ ! op]ation ( /uff+4 ,:5 ^! are dry1 take a piece ( tissue pap] or ?9 silk1 & press x g5tly on "o side ( ! fi%4 ,! natural glut9\s matt] :i* cov]s ! scales w be suffici5t to make x adh]e firmly2 x w soon dry & =m a /rong protection to ! scales dur+ ! sk9n+4 ,)\t ?is precaution ! sk9 c\ld n be remov$ f mullet1 sea beav]1 etc41 )\t ! scales be+ mu* disfigur$1 & los+ _m ( !m4 ,inde$1 9 su* fi%es1 x is n amiss to put on an additional coat+ ( pap] ) gum-wat]4 ,?is w n only secure ! scales1 b w also assi/ 9 keep+ ! prop] =m ( ! fi%1 by prev5t+ di/5tion4 ,:5 ^! pap]s are ?or\ghly dry1 turn ! fi% on a s(t clo?1 ) ! uncov]$ side upw>ds1 & op5 x ) %>p scissors f ! bottom ( ! tail-f9 to ne>ly ! po9t ( ! sn\t1 keep+ z correctly on ! lat]al l9e z possible1 :i* c be se5 9 mo/ fi%es4 ,! *eek %\ld be aft]w>ds cut op51 s t ! fle% may be remov$ f x2 cut also ! fle% f ! opposite *eek1 & supply its place by cotton4 ,! sk9 mu/ n[ be deta*$ f ! fle%1 :i* w require "s c>e at fir/4 ,x mu/ be comm5c$ at ! head1 & sep>at+ x d[nw>ds ) ! assi/ance ( a knife1 & ! f9-bones mu/ be cut ?r\gh ) scissors4 ,! sp9e mu/ n[ be cut ?r\gh close to ! head1 & also at ! tail1 & ! body remov$4 ,all ! animal matt] hav+ be5 completely remov$ f ! sk91 ! inside mu/ be wip$ dry1 & ! pres]vative appli$ 9 ! same mann] z direct$ = birds & quadrup$s4 ,great c>e is necess>y to prev5t x f be+ too mu* di/5d$4 ,,9 ,,%>ks & ,,l>ge ,,fi%es1 an incision is made bel[ ! head1 & ext5d$ to ! f9 ( ! tail2 ! sk9 is !n sep>at$ on ea* side ) a scalpel1 cutt+ back z f> z possible1 s t ! v]tebr may be cut close to ! head4 ,! tail is !n sk9n$4 ,! head is pu%$ inw>ds1 & ! sk9 pass$ ov] x above1 & all ! c>tilage cut c>efully away4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to enl>ge ! bran*ial op5+s too mu*1 :i* w\ld r5d] x necess>y to sew !m up aga91 & x is n easy to hide a seam 9 a fi%'s sk94 ,,diadon1 ,,tetradon1 & ,,bali/es1 & _! cong5]s1 are op5$ by ! belly4 ,! o/racion is envelop$ 9 a sk91 :i* consi/s ( a s+le piece1 ! tail ( :i* only is free & flexible4 ,! op5+ 9 ! belly mu/ n be l>ge2 ! tail mu/ be op5$1 ! fle% cut away1 & /uff$ ) cotton4 ,,/uff+4 ,! sk9s1 be+ prop]ly ano9t$1 are fill$ ) t[ or cotton4 ,?is mu/ be s manag$ t !re w be no prom95ces on ! outside ( ! sk91 :i* 9 fi%es1 is smoo? & ev5 = ! mo/ "p4 ,:5 prop]ly fill$1 !y mu/ be sew$ up1 & set aside to dry 9 ! air1 b n expos$ to ! rays ( ! sun4 ,9 a few days1 ! pap]s ) :i* ! f9s 7 ext5d$ are tak5 (f1 by damp+ !m ) a sponge4 ,! glass eyes are n[ introduc$1 aft] fill+ ! orbits ) cotton & a little cem5t to secure !m 9 _! places4 ,! sk9s may !n be coat$ ) turp5t9e v>ni%4 ,,%>ks4--,9 /uff+ ^! l>ge fi%es1 x is necess>y to use a /ick = a c5t] support4 ,?is mu/ also ent] ! head1 ?r\gh ! op5+ ( ! ?roat4 ,if x is int5d$ t ! specim5 %all be susp5d$ f ! ceil+1 wire-hooks mu/ be fa/5$ into ! wood4 ,f ^! mu/ be plac$ upright wires1 s t !y p5etrate ! sk91 & pass ?r\gh ! back4 ,let ! :ole int]nal surface ( ! sk9 be well rubb$ ) ! pres]vative4 ,! body is !n /uff$ to its full size1 & aft]w>ds sew$ up4 ,! /uff+ ( ! head mu/ be complet$ ?r\gh ! orbits ( ! eyes1 & also by ! m\?4 ,?is f9i%$1 ! glass eyes are ins]t$1 z 9 o!r animals1 & fix$ by means ( cem5t4 ,_m species ( fi% h semi-transp>5t c>tilages connect$ ) ! eyes4 ,^! mu/ be imitat$ ) gum-arabic & p[d]$ />*1 z well z ! cornea ( ! eyes4 ,! sk9s ( all fi%1 :i* are simil> to t ( %>ks1 mu/ be well suppli$ ) spirits ( turp5t9e1 aft] !y are m\nt$1 m p>ticul>ly ! head & f9s2 b z !y are n glossy1 !y d n require to be v>ni%$4 ,:5 ! f9s are /rong1 x is necess>y to keep !m ext5d$ by means ( a wire introduc$ ?r\gh !m4 ,9 ! ,diadons1 ! *ief ?+ to be att5d$ to1 beyond :at we h /at$1 is1 to take c>e t ! sp9es1 ) :i* _! sk9s are beset1 are n brok5 or depress$ 9 any way4 ,salmon1 ,tr\t1 ,t5*1 ,c>p1 ,pike1 etc41 are v easily pres]v$1 z ! scales are firmly atta*$ to ! sk92 & al?\gh !y become some:at dim f dry+1 _! colors & brilliancy are consid]ably re/or$ by means ( v>ni%1 if appli$ be=e !y are ?or\ghly dri$4 ,aft] a lapse ( "t1 ! v>ni% w rise into little scales2 to remove ^!1 nitric acid1 dilut$ 9 wat]1 mu/ be appli$ to ! :ole ext]nal surface1 :i* has ! effect ( completely tak+ (f ! v>ni%1 or at lea/ ( rais+ x f ! sk91 :i*1 :5 all[$ to dry1 c be :olly remov$ by rubb+ x ) a small bru%4 ,x may !n be v>ni%$ aga92 :5 dry1 x w ev] aft]w>ds cont9ue q solid4 ,:at is above recomm5d$ w apply to almo/ all fi%es4 ,,lob/]s1 ,,crabs1 ,,etc4 ,9 ?is class are includ$ crabs1 lob/]s1 & _! cong5]s4 ,^! animals are all protect$ by a coriace\s cov]+1 or %ell1 :i* is easily pres]v$1 al?\gh !re is consid]able difficulty 9 pres]v+ ! colors ( "s species4 ,! fle% mu/ be extract$ f ! l>ge claws ( lob/]s & crabs by break+ ! smalle/ possible piece f _! po9ts & introduc+ a small1 crook$ wire2 9 ! small] claws ! fle% mu/ be all[$ to dry1 & to facilitate ?is extremely small p]=ations %\ld be made 9 opposite sides ( ! %ell by means ( a %>p1 triangul> awl1 s z to all[ ! air to pass ?r\gh x4 ,9 lob/]s ! bran*i & all ! inte/9es mu/ be cut away2 ! latt] is effect$ by sep>at+ ! body f ! l[] p>ts1 & !n extract+ ! int]nal p>ts ) any %>p in/rum5t2 x %\ld !n be dri$ & cem5t$ toge!r1 aft] be+ well ano9t$ ) ! pres]vative4 ,9 crabs1 ! body1 ) all ! limbs atta*$1 is pull$ sep>ate f ! back %ell & ! :ole fle%y matt] c>efully pick$ out & pres]v+ p[d] & ! solution ( corrosive sublimate appli$ to ! diff]5t int]nal p>ts4 ,9 dry+ lob/]s1 crabs1 etc41 !y %\ld be expos$ to a free curr5t ( air1 b n to ! sun's rays1 z x r$d5s ! %ells ( cru/ace\s animals4 ,x ne$ h>dly be m5tion$1 t be=e apply+ ! pres]vatives1 ! %ells %\ld be well wa%$ ) cold wat]4 ,! ,h]mit-,crab always takes possession ( ! %ell ( "s turb9at$ ,univalve z its domicile4 ,^! are easily pres]v$ by pull+ out ! animal aft] x is dead4 ,an incision is made 9 ! s(t tail ( ! animal1 & ! cont5ts all[$ to run (f2 x is !n fill$ ) cotton & imbu$ ) ! pres]vative2 "s cem5t is !n put on ! tail & ! animal return$ to its %ell1 :i* completes ! op]ation ( pres]v+4 ,9 s5d+ home cru/ace\s animals1 ! l>g] species %\ld be empti$ ( _! fle%y matt]1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is n necess>y ) ! small] species2 !y %\ld be pack$ 9 middl+-siz$ cases1 & ea* wrapp$ 9 sep>ate pap]s1 ) a ?ick b$ ( cotton or flax betwe5 ea*4 ,9 ,lob/]s1 & ! species :i* are alli$ to !m1 great c>e mu/ be ex]cis$ 9 pres]v+ ! t5tacula or feel]s :i* emanate f _! heads1 z ^! become v brittle aft] !y are dri$4 ,9 proce$+ to set up specim5s :i* h be5 s5t home1 !y %\ld be imm]s$ 9 cold wat] = "s "t1 to give pliability to ! t5tacula & o!r p>ts1 )\t :i* x w be impossible to set !m up 9 any way )\t _! break+4 ,mr4 ,bullock recomm5d$ t ,crabs & all o!r cru/ace\s animals %\ld be imm]s$ 9 corrosive sublimate & wat] = an h\r previ\s to _! be+ put into attitudes4 ,:5 ! jo9ts become loose !y are 9 g5]al atta*$ by glue1 b ! cem5t is mu* bett]4 ,n4 ,b4--,on no acc\nt :atev] use w>m wat] 9 clean+ cru/ace\s animals1 z x is c]ta9 to *ange _! colors4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,pres]v+ ,,spid]s1 ,,gally-,,worms1 ,,& ,,insects4 ,,spid]s4 ,! g5]al directions :i* we %all give respect+ ,insects1 hold good z to ,spid]s1 only we mu/ m5tion !re is consid]able difficulty 9 pres]v+ ! bodies ( ,spid]s1 :i* g5]ally1 9 a v %ort "t1 %r9k into a %apeless mass4 ,to prev5t ?is1 ! body %\ld be prick$ ) ! triangul> awl & ! cont5ts press$ out2 x %\ld !n be /uff$ ) v f9e c>d$ cotton or d[n1 :i* c be pu%$ 9 by a prick]1 blunt$ a little at ! po9t4 ,:5 prop]ly di/5d$1 ! small ap]ture %\ld be fill$ up ) a little cem5t1 or a solution ( gum-arabic4 ,! legs ( ! l>g] species1 su* z ! ,bird-cat*+ ,mygale & ! ,scorpions1 are also liable to %r9k1 & %\ld be /uff$ 9 ! same mann] z t ( ! body4 ,9 ^? species ( ,spid]s :i* we h ?us prep>$1 & ^: colors are ri* & likely to be affect$ by ! action ( ! atmosph]e1 we mu/ endeavor to arre/ its progress by imm$iately imbu+ ! animal1 aft] x is set up1 ) ! solution ( corrosive sublimate1 & 9 an h\r aft] ) a ?9 coat+ ( a v weak :ite-_s v>ni%2 = ?is purpose1 take a tea-spoonful ( ! ord9>y :ite-_s or ela/ic v>ni%1 & add to x two tea-spoonfuls ( _s ( w9e2 apply ?is wa% ) a f9e camel-hair bru%1 :i* w quickly dry1 & h a /rong t5d5cy to pres]ve ! color4 ,! v>ni%1 be+ ?us r$uc$ 9 /r5g?1 w n leave any gloss on ! insect1 nor w x be at all p]ceptible4 ,mr4 ,sam\elle1 au?or ( ,! ,entomologi/'s ,useful ,comp5dium1 9 speak+ ( pres]v+ ,spid]s1 says3 ,! be/ pres]v$ specim5s t ,i h se5 are ^? :]e ! cont5ts ( ! abdom5 h be5 tak5 out & fill$ ) f9e s&4 ,i h pres]v$ sev]al 9 ?is way1 & f9d x answ]s ! purpose4 ,mr4 ,donovan makes ! foll[+ obs]vations on ! pres]vation ( ,spid]s3 ,to det]m9e :e!r "s species ( ,spid]s c\ld be pres]v$ ) _! natural colors1 ,i put sev]al into spirits ( w9e2 ^? ) gibb\s bodies soon aft] dis*>g$ a v consid]able quantity ( viscid matt]1 & !re) all _! beautiful colors2 ! smalle/ reta9$ _! =m1 & only appe>$ r pal] 9 ! o!r colors ?an :5 !y 7 liv+4 ,dur+ ! c\rse ( la/ ,summ]1 among o!r ,spid]s1 ,i met ) a r>e species2 x 0 ( a bright yell[ color1 elegantly m>k$ ) black1 r$1 gre51 & purple2 by "s accid5t x 0 un=tunately cru%$ to pieces 9 ! *ip-box :]e9 x 0 conf9$1 & 01 !re=e1 ?r[n aside z useless2 a mon? or m aft] t "t ,i obs]v$ t su* p>ts ( ! sk9 z _h dri$ aga9/ ! inside ( ! box reta9$ ! orig9al brightness ( color 9 a consid]able degree4 ,to fur!r ! exp]im5t1 ,i made a simil> attempt1 ) "s caution1 on ! body ( ano!r ,spid]1 &1 ?\gh ! colors 7 n p]fectly pres]v$1 !y appe>$ di/9ct4 ,f fur!r obs]vations ,i f9d1 t if y kill ! ,spid]1 & imm$iately aft] extract ! entrails1 !n inflate !m by means ( a bl[-pipe1 y may pres]ve !m tol]ably well2 y mu/ clean !m on ! inside no m ?an is suffici5t to prev5t mold9ess1 le/ y injure ! colors1 :i* c]ta9ly1 9 _m k9ds1 dep5d on sub/ance t lies b5ea? ! sk94 ,scorpions1 & all ! ,spid] tribe1 may be s5t home 9 spirits1 :i* w pres]ve !m p]fectly1 & :5 tak5 out & dri$1 !y w be f\nd to h suff]$ no?+ f _! imm]sion4 ,we h se5 "s specim5s s5t up1 aft] be+ s5t home 9 spirits1 :i* rival$ any :i* h be5 pres]v$ 9 a rec5t /ate4 ,! animals ( ?is class are p>ticul>ly liable to ! attacks ( insects1 p>ticul>ly 9 w>m c\ntries1 on :i* acc\nt ! mode ( transport+ !m & keep+ !m 9 spirits is1 p]haps1 sup]ior to all o!rs4 ,if1 h[ev]1 !y are set up 9 a w>m climate1 !y %\ld be well soak$ ) ! solution ( corrosive sublimate1 made accord+ to ! recipe ( ,mr4 ,wat]ton4 ,= ! sett+ up ( ?is class1 see ! directions = pres]v+ insects4 ,,insects4 ,e c\ntry ( ! _w is replete ) ?is ext5sive & int]e/+ class ( be+s1 ^: =ms are inf9itely div]sifi$1 & ^: species are ! mo/ num]\s ( any class 9 ! animal k+dom4 ,be=e any attempt is made to collect insects1 c]ta9 app>atus mu/ be provid$1 n only to enable u to secure !m1 b also to pres]ve !m aft] !y are caught4 ,fir/1 !n1 we mu/ be provid$ ) a quantity ( wood5 boxes1 f #ah to #bj in*es long1 #ae to #ag in*es wide2 & two in*es deep4 ,^! %\ld h well-fill$ lids1 ) h+es1 & fa/5$ by a wire cat*1 or small bolt4 ,! bottom %\ld h a lay] ( cork1 ab\t ! six? ( an in* 9 ?ickness1 :i* %\ld be fix$ d[n ) v /rong pa/e1 made accord+ to our recipe2 & also "s wire nails1 to prev5t x f spr++4 ,ov] ! cork %\ld be pa/$ :ite pap]4 ,! box %\ld be ano9t$ inside ) oil ( petroleum4 ,if t _c be procur$1 make an infusion ( /rong aromatic plants1 su* z c9namon1 aloes1 ?yme1 laurel1 sage1 rosem>y1 or cloves1 & wa% ! inside ) x4 ,a small packet ( camphor %\ld be wrapp$ 9 a piece ( rag1 & deposit$ 9 a corn] ( ! box4 ,we mu/ also be provid$ ) a quantity ( ,insect p9s1 ( diff]5t sizes1 correspond+ ) ! size ( ! insect4 ,! p9s us$ = sett+ %\ld be long] ?an ^? :i* are tak5 to ! field4 ,bottles1 ) m\?s f an in* & a qu>t] to two in*es 9 diamet]1 mu/ also be procur$1 & ^! mu/ be ?ree-f\r?s full ( spirits1 su* z weak br&y1 rum1 g9 or :isky4 ,,hunt+-,,box4--,we mu/ besides h :at is t]m$ a hunt+-box1 = c>ry+ 9 our pocket1 :5 seek+ aft] insects4 ,?is %\ld be made ( /rong pa/ebo>d or *ip1 = lightness1 or1 if ?is is no consid]ation1 ( t94 ,x mu/ be ( an oblong-oval %ape1 r\nd$ at ! ends1 = ! conv5i5ce ( ! pocket4 ,x %\ld be f eight to t5 in*es long1 f\r to five in*es wide1 & two & a half to ?ree in*es deep4 ,x mu/ h a lay] ( cork bo? 9 ! bottom & top ( ! lid1 inside1 = atta*+ insects to1 :5 caught dur+ ! day4 ,! l>g] insects are plac$ at ! bottom1 & ! small] ones on ! lid4 ,,! ,,entomological4--,we next procure a net1 con/ruct$ simil> to a bat-f[l+ net4 ,?is is ei!r made ( f9e gauze or co>se musl92 x may ei!r be gre5 or :ite--! latt] is ! be/ = obs]v+ small insects :i* may be caught2 ! gre51 h[ev]1 is bett] adapt$ = cat*+ ,mo?s4 ,! net-rods %\ld be made ( hickory1 bee*1 hazel1 or holly2 !y ought to be five feet 9 l5g?1 q r\nd1 smoo?1 & tap]+ to an obtuse po9t2 ! oblique cross-piece at ! po9t %\ld be ( cane1 & fitt$ into ! angul> f]ule2 ! rod mu/ be divid$ into ?ree or f\r pieces1 s t x may be tak5 asund] & c>ri$ 9 ! pocket2 ! upp] "p ( ea* jo9t mu/ h a f]ule affix$ to x1 = ! purpose ( articulat+ ! o!r pieces4 ,ea* jo9t %\ld h a not* or *eck to prev5t ! rod f twi/+4 ,! net itself1 mu/ h a welt+ all ar\nd x1 d\bl$ s z to =m a groove = ! reception ( ! rods4 ,9 ! c5t] ( ! upp] "p or po9t x mu/ h a small piece ( *amois lea!r1 s z to =m a k9d ( h+e2 ?is mu/ be b\nd r\nd ! welt+1 & divid$ 9 ! middle1 s z to prev5t ! cross pieces f slipp+ ov] ea* o!r2 x %[s ab\t f\r in*es ( ! gauze turn$ up1 s z to =m a bag2 !re are /r+s = ! purpose ( pass+ ?r\gh ! /aple1 to :i* ! net is firmly drawn on ea* side4 ,:5 ! net is us$ a h&le is to be held 9 ea* h&4 ,if x is int5d$ to take insects on ! w+1 by means ( ?is net1 = :i* x is admirably adapt$1 x may be fold$ toge!r 9 an in/ant4 ,if ! gauze is f9e en\gh1 & pres]v$ :ole1 ev5 ! smalle/ insect _c escape4 ,x may be also appli$ 9 cat*+ ,coleopt]\s ,insects1 :i* are nev] on ! w+1 z well z ,cat]pill>s4 ,:5 us$ = ?is purpose ! ,entomologi/ mu/ hold x exp&$ "u trees1 :ile ano!r mu/ beat ! bran*es ) a /ick4 ,great numb]s ( bo? insects & l>va w fall 9 ! gauze1 & by ?is means _m hundr$s may be captur$ 9 a day4 ,ano!r me?od is to spread a l>ge table-clo? "u trees & bu%es1 & !n beat !m ) a /ick4 ,an umbrella rev]s$ has frequ5tly be5 us$ = ! same purpose4 ,bose1 ! celebrat$ naturali/1 us$ ?is la/ me?od--he held ! umbrella 9 ! left h&1 :ile he beat ! bu%es ) ! o!r4 ,,! ,,hoop ,,or ,,aquatic ,,net4--,?is net is us$ = captur+ ,aquatic ,insects1 :i* are ei!r lurk+ at ! bottom1 swimm+ ?r\gh ! liquid elem5t1 or adh]+ to plants4 ,x may also be successfully us$ 9 sweep+ among/ grass & l[ h]bage1 = ,coleopt]\s ,insects1 & o!rs :i* are g5]ally to be f\nd 9 su* situations4 ,! socket = ! h&le may be made ( su* dim5sions z w answ] ! second jo9t ( ! ,entomological net-rod1 :i* w save c>ry+ ano!r h&le2 or a walk+-/ick may be made to fit x4 ,a ,,vial4--,?is may ei!r be made ( t9 or cry/al1 & us$ = collect+ ,coleopt]\s & o!r ,creep+ ,insects4 ,! m\? %\ld be ne>ly an in* wide1 & a cork exactly fitt$ to x1 9 ! c5t] ( :i* mu/ be ins]t$ a small quill1 to af=d air1 & ins]t$ ab\t an in* beyond ! cork1 to prev5t ! insects f escap+4 ,if ! bottle is made ( t91 & ( a l>g] size1 a t9 tube mu/ be introduc$ into its side1 & t]m9at+ ext]nally at ! surface4 ,a ,,digg]4--,! in/rum5t is ei!r made ( iron or /eel1 & is ab\t six or sev5 in*es 9 l5g?1 fix$ into a turn$ wood5 h&le4 ,x is us$ = collect+ ! pupae ( ,lepidopt]\s ,insects1 at ! roots & 9 ! clefts ( ! b>k ( trees2 & also = pull+ (f ! b>k1 p>ticul>ly f decay$ trees1 "u :i* _m curi\s & r>e insects are frequ5tly f\nd4 ,x is mo/ useful ) an arr[-head$ po9t4 ,,sett+ ,,ne$les4--,fitt$ into a small wood5 h&le1 ! ne$le itself %\ld be ab\t ?ree in*es long1 & ab\t ! ?ickness ( a small d>n+-ne$le slightly b5t f ab\t ! middle4 ,a /raight ne$le is us$ = ext5d+ ! p>ts ( insects2 at "o end ( ! h&le is ! ne$le1 & at ! o!r a camel's hair p5cil1 :i* is us$ = remov+ any dirt or du/ :i* may be on ! insects4 ,! p5cil may be occasionally drawn ?r\gh ! lips1 br\ght to a f9e po9t1 & us$ = dispos+ ! ant5n & palpi ( insects ( ! m9ute k9ds4 ,,sett+-,,bo>ds4--,^! mu/ be made ( deal bo>d1 f a foot or fifte5 in*es long1 & eight or t5 in*es broad1 ) a piece ( wood run across ! ends1 to prev5t !m f w>p+4 ,!y are cov]$ ) cork1 :i* mu/ be p]fectly smoo? on ! surface1 ) :ite pap] pa/$ ov] x4 ,sev]al bo>ds w be requir$1 by p]sons :o are mak+ collections1 z "s ( ! insects take a consid]able "t to dry1 s t !y may be fit = introduc+ into a cab9et4 ,! bo>ds %\ld be kept 9 a frame made = ! purpose4 ,x %\ld consi/ ( a top1 bottom1 & two sides2 ! back & front %\ld h ! frames ( doors atta*$ by small h+es1 & _! c5t]s cov]$ ) f9e gauze1 = ! free passage ( air2 ! sides %\ld h small pieces ( wood project+ f !m1 = ! bo>ds to re/ on2 :i* %\ld be at su* a di/ance f ea* o!r t ! p9s may n be displac$ 9 pu%+ ! bo>ds 9 or draw+ !m out4 ,! frame %\ld be plac$ 9 a dry1 airy situation4 ,,braces4--,^! are m]ely small pieces ( c>d1 cut 9 diff]5t =ms1 atta*$ to ! butt]fly & o!r insects4 ,!y are p9n$ d[n on ! insects1 to keep _! w+s1 etc41 9 a prop] /ate1 till !y acquire a set4 ,,! ,,eggs ,,( ,,insects4 ,! eggs ( insects pres]ve _! =m & color 9 a cab9et1 9 g5]al1 )\t mu* tr\ble4 ,swamm]dam _h a me?od ( pres]v+ !m :5 !y appe>$ to be giv+ way4 ,he made a p]=ation )9 !m ) a f9e ne$le1 press$ out _! cont5ts1 aft]w>ds inflat$ !m ) a glass bl[-pipe1 & fill$ !m ) a mixture ( res9 & oil ( spike4 ,,! ,,l>v1 ,,or ,,cat]pill>s4 ,! easie/ way ( de/roy+ ! ,cat]pill> is by imm]sion 9 _s ( w9e4 ,!y may be reta9$ = a long "t 9 ?is spirits )\t de/roy+ _! color4 ,mr4 ,william ,wea!rhead _h an +5i\s mode ( pres]v+ ,l>v4 ,he kill$ ! ,cat]pill>1 z above direct$1 & hav+ made a small puncture 9 ! tail1 g5tly press$ out ! cont5ts ( ! abdom51 & !n fill$ ! sk9 ) f9e dry s&1 & br\ght ! animal to its natural circumf]5ce4 ,x is !n expos$ to ! air to dry1 & x w h become q h>d 9 ! c\rse ( a few h\rs1 aft] :i* ! s& may be %ak5 out at ! small ap]ture & ! ,cat]pill> !n gumm$ to a piece ( c>d4 ,ano!r me?od is1 aft] ! entrails are squeez$ out1 to ins]t into ! ap]ture a glass tube :i* has be5 drawn to a v f9e po9t4 ,! op]ator mu/ bl[ ?r\gh ?is pipe :ile he keeps turn+ ! sk9 sl[ly r\nd ov] a *>coal fire2 ! sk9 soon becomes h>d5$1 &1 aft] be+ ano9t$ ) oil ( spike & res91 x may be plac$ 9 a cab9et :5 dry4 ,a small /raw or pipe ( grass may be sub/itut$ = ! glass pipe4 ,"s p]sons inject !m ) color$ wax aft] !y are dri$4 ,,! ,,pupa4 ,:5 ! insects h escap$ f _! ,pupa sk91 ! sk9 usually reta9s ! %ape & g5]al appe>ance x did :ile x conta9$ ! insect4 ,x is !re=e ready = a cab9et1 )\t any prep>ation :atev]4 ,b if ! animal has n quitt$ its envelope1 x w be necess>y ei!r to drop ! ,pupa into w>m wat]1 or to heat x 9 a t9 case be=e ! fire2 ! =m] mode1 h[ev]1 is ! be/1 & lea/ liable to *ange ! colors ( ! ,pupa4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,bre$+ ,,insects4 ,,bre$+ ,,cages4--,^! mu/ be made ( oak1 or o!r h>d wood1 z p9e is apt to kill ! ,cat]pill>s1 f its smell ( turp5t9e4 ,! mo/ conv5i5t size = a bre$+ cage is eight in*es 9 bread?1 f\r deep1 & "o foot 9 height4 ,x is n prop] to place )9 a cage m ?an "o species ( ,cat]pill>1 z _m ( !m prey ^u ea* o!r4 ,inde$1 animals ( ! same species w dev\r ea* o!r1 if left )\t food4 ,! ,cat]pill>s ( insects1 = ! mo/ "p1 w only eat "o p>ticul> k9d ( food1 s t x is bett] to h no m ?an "o sort 9 a cage4 ,!re mu/ be at ! bottom ( ! cage e>? to ! dep? ( two in*es2 ?is %\ld be mix$ ) "s f9e s& & vegetable e>?1 if possible1 to prev5t x f dry+4 ,! cages %\ld be kept 9 a cool cell> or damp place1 because _m insects *ange into ! ,pupa condition "u ! e>?2 s t x w\ld require to be some:at moi/1 to prev5t ! de/ruction ( ! animal4 ,! %ell or case ( ! ,pupa also becomes h>d1 if ! e>? is n kept moi/2 &1 9 t ev5t1 ! animal w n h suffici5t /r5g? to break its case at ! "t x ought to em]ge f its conf9em5t1 & mu/ consequ5tly die1 :i* b too frequ5tly happ5s f mismanagem5t4 ,"s seasons are m favorable ?an o!rs = ! production ( ,cat]pill>s1 & to keep ea* k9d by !mselves w\ld require an imm5se numb] ( cages1 z well z occupy mu* "t 9 *ang+ ! food1 & pay+ due att5tion to !m4 ,to obviate ?is1 "s p]sons hav+ l>ge bre$+ cages1 ) a v>iety ( food 9 !m1 :i* mu/ be clean$ out e two days1 & fre% leaves giv5 to ! ,cat]pill>s2 z1 on due att5tion to fe$+1 ! beauty & vigor ( ! com+ insects w mu* dep5d4 ,! ,l>v ( insects1 :i* fe$ b5ea? ! surface ( ! e>?1 may be br$ 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,let any box t is ab\t ?ree or f\r feet squ>e1 & two or ?ree feet deep1 be l9$ int]nally ) t91 & a numb] ( v m9ute holes be bor$ ?r\gh ! sides & bottom4 ,put into ?is box a quantity ( e>?1 replete ) su* vegetables z ! ,cat]pill>s subsi/ on1 & s9k x into a b$ ( e>?1 s t ! surface may be expos$ to ! diff]5t *anges ( ! wea!r4 ,! lid %\ld be cov]$ ) brass or iron net-"w1 to prev5t _! escape1 & = ! free admission ( air4 ,! "y ,entomologi/ %\ld obta9 a cab9et ( ab\t ?irty draw]s1 arrang$ 9 two ti]s1 & cov]$ 9 ) fold+ doors4 ,!re is a great conv5i5ce 9 ?is size1 z ! cab9et is r5d]$ m portable1 & at ! same "t admits ( hav+ ano!r ( ! same size1 be+ plac$ above ! top ( x1 z ! collection increases1 )\t injur+ ! uni=mity1 & ?us ! draw]s may be augm5t$ to any ext5t4 ,x is immat]ial :e!r ! cab9et is made ( mahogany or oak2 sometimes !y are con/ruct$ ( c$>1 b seldom ( p9e1 or any o!r s(t wood4 ,small cells mu/ be made 9 ! inside ( ! fronts = camphor4 ,,cork+ ,,( ,,draw]s4--,! simple/ way to get ! cork is to pur*ase x ( a cork-cutt]1 ready prep>$1 b x w be mu* *eap] = ! ,entomologi/ to prep>e x himself4 ,9 ?is case1 x %\ld be cut into /rips ( ab\t ?ree in*es wide1 ) a cork-cutt]'s knife1 to smoo? ! surface & to divide x4 ,! /rips %\ld be fix$ 9 a vise1 & cut to ! ?ickness requir$ ) a f9e saw2 b grease mu/ n be us$ 9 ! op]ation1 z x w n only prev5t ! cork f adh]+ to ! bottom ( ! draw]1 b w also grease ! pap] :i* %\ld be pa/$ on its surface4 ,! black surface ( ! cork %\ld be rasp$ d[n to a smoo? surface4 ,aft] hav+ r$uc$ ! slips to ab\t ?ree qu>t]s ( an in* 9 ?ickness1 ! d>ke/1 or wor/ side ( ! slip %\ld be glu$ d[n to a %eet ( br[n1 or c>tridge pap]2 ?is %\ld be laid on a deal bo>d1 ab\t ?ree feet 9 l5g?1 & ! wid? requir$ = a draw] or box2 a few f9e nails1 or brads1 mu/ be driv5 ?r\gh ea* piece ( cork to keep x firm & 9 its place until ! glue be dri$2 by ?is means1 %eets ( cork may be =m$ ! size ( ! draw]4 ,all ! irregul>ities are fil$ or rasp$ d[n q to a level surface1 & !n poli%$ smoo? ) pumice-/one4 ,! %eet1 ?us =m$ & f9i%$1 is glu$ into ! draw]s4 ,to prev5t its w>p+1 "s weights mu/ be equally di/ribut$ ov] ! cork1 t x may adh]e firmly to ! bottom ( ! draw]4 ,:5 q dry1 ! weights are remov$1 & ! cork cov]$ ) f9e :ite pap]1 b n v ?ick4 ,! pap] is all[$ to be q damp ) ! pa/e be=e x is plac$ on ! cork1 &1 :5 dry1 x w become p]fectly tight4 ,insect cab9ets %\ld be kept 9 a v dry situation1 o!rwise ! ant5n1 legs1 etc41 w become q moldy4 ,! same evil w ensue if ! insect is n p]fectly dry be=e x is plac$ 9 ! cab9et4 ,%\ld an insect be cov]$ ) mold1 x c be wa%$ (f ) a camel's-hair p5cil1 dipp$ 9 camphorat$ spirits ( w9e2 9 :i* case ! insect mu/ be dri$ 9 a w>m airy situation be=e be+ plac$ 9 ! cab9et4 ,!re %\ld always be pl5ty ( camphor kept 9 ! draw]s1 o!rwise !re is great dang] to be appreh5d$ f mites2 :]e ^! exi/1 !y are easily discov]$ by ! du/ :i* is "u ! insects by :i* !y are infe/$4 ,9 :i* case !y mu/ be imm$iately tak5 out & rubb$ clean ) a f9e camel's-hair p5cil1 & well imbu$ ) ! solution ( corrosive sublimate1 & !n plac$ ne> a fire1 tak+ c>e1 h[ev]1 t too great a heat is n appli$1 z x w utt]ly de/roy ! specim54 ,! ,butt]fly1 ,sph9x1 & ,mo? tribes are extremely liable to ! attack ( mites1 & %\ld1 !re=e1 be frequ5tly exam9$4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,receipts4 ,,= ,,v>i\s ,,articles ,,us$ ,,9 ,,! ,,pres]vation ,,& ,,sett+ ,,up ,,( ,,animals4 ,,solution ,,( ,,corrosive ,,sublimate4 ,mr4 ,wat]ton's ,me?od4 ,put a good l>ge tea-spoonful ( well-p\nd$ corrosive sublimate into a w9e bottle full ( alcohol 7spirits ( w9e74 ,let x /& ov] night1 &1 ! next morn+1 draw x (f into a clean bottle4 ,:5 ! solution is appli$ to black sub/ance1 & little :ite p>ticles are p]ceiv$ on !m1 x w be necess>y to make x weak]1 by ! addition ( "s alcohol4 ,a black fea!r1 dipp$ 9 ! solution1 & !n dri$1 w be a good te/ ( ! /ate ( ! solution3 if x be too /rong1 x w leave a :it5ess ^u ! fea!r4 ,,ars5ical ,,soap4 ,inv5t$ by ,becoeur1 ,apo!c>y1 ,metz4 ,ars5ic 9 p[d]1 #b p\nds4 ,camphor1 #e ounces4 ,:ite ,soap1 #b p\nds4 ,salt ( ,t>t>1 #ab ounces4 ,p[d]$ ,lime1 #d ounces4 ,! soap mu/ be cut 9 small & v ?9 slices1 put into a crucible ) a small quantity ( wat]1 held ov] a g5tle fire1 & frequ5tly /irr$ ) a wood5 spatula1 or a piece ( wood ( any k9d4 ,:5 x is prop]ly melt$1 ! p[d]$ lime & salt ( t>t> mu/ !n be add$1 & ?or\ghly mix$4 ,x mu/ n[ be tak5 (f ! fire1 ! ars5ic add$ g5tly1 & /irr$4 ,! camphor mu/ be r$uc$ into a p[d]1 by beat+ x 9 a mort>1 ) ! addition ( a little spirits ( w9e4 ,! camphor mu/ !n be add$1 & ! composition well mix$ ) a spatula1 :ile (f ! fire4 ,x may be aga9 plac$ on ! fire1 to assi/ 9 mak+ ! +r$i5ts incorporate prop]ly1 b n mu* heat$1 z ! camphor w v rapidly escape4 ,x may n[ be p\r$ into glaz$ e>!n pots1 & all[$ to cool1 aft] :i* a piece ( pap] %\ld be plac$ ov] ! top1 & aft]w>ds "s %eep lea!r1 & !n set aside = use4 ,! composition is ab\t ! ?ickness ( ord9>y fl\r pa/e4 ,:5 x is necess>y to use ! soap1 put z mu* z w answ] ! purpose into a pres]ve pot1 & add to x ab\t an equal proportion ( wat]4 ,?is is appli$ to ! sk9 or fea!rs ) a bri/le bru%4 ,n4 ,b4 ,x %\ld be kept z close z possible1 & us$ ) caution1 z x is a deadly poison4 ,! above is ! receipt made use ( at ! ,j>d9 des ,plantes1 ,p>is4 ,mr4 ,laur5t's ,receipt4 ,a di/+ui%$ ,fr5* naturali/1 ,laur5t1 recomm5ds ! foll[+ composition1 aft] t5 ye>s exp]i5ce1 = pres]v+ ! sk9s ( /uff$ animals4 ,he obs]ves1 at ! same "t1 t x p5etrates !m ) great] read9ess1 & pres]ves !m mu* bett] ?an any prep>ation :i* has hi!rto be5 9 use4 ,ars5iate ( ,pota%1 #b dra*ms4 ,sulphate ( ,alum9e1 #b d4 ,p[d]$ ,camphor1 #b d4 ,:ite ,soap1 p[d]$1 #a-b oz4 ,spirits ( ,w9e1 #f oz4 ,ess5ce ( ,?yme1 #c drops4 ,! ars5iate ( pota%1 sulphate ( alum9e1 & soap1 are to be plac$ 9 a vial1 ) a l>ge m\?1 & ! spirits ( w9e to be p\r$ on !m1 at a heat ( tw5ty five degrees1 & !y w be p]fectly comb9$ 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,! ess5ce ( ?yme is !n add$1 :5 ! vial mu/ be c>efully cork$4 ,?is composition is to be %ak5 toge!r1 be=e x is made use (1 & x mu/ be spread ov] ! sk9 ( ! animal or bird ) a bru%4 ,,solution ,,( ,,pe>l-,,a%es4 ,two ounces ( pe>l-a% to "o gallon ( wat]4 ,,anneal$ ,,iron ,,wire4 ,take common iron wire1 make x r$-hot1 & suff] x to cool gradually2 ?is r5d]s x s(t & pliable1 s t x may be easily b5t 9 any direction4 ,,cem5t4 ,f9e ,:it5+1 #b oz4 ,gum-,arabic1 #b oz4 ,f9e/ ,fl\r1 #a-b oz4 ,ox-,gall1 a tea-spoonful4 ,! :ole to be dissolv$1 & mix$ well ) wat] into ?ick pa/e4 ,?is is well adapt$ = atta*+ diff]5t objects1 & especially = fix+ %ells to pa/ebo>d1 etc4 ,,gum ,,pa/e4 ,:ite ,sug> ,c&y1 #b oz4 ,common ,gum-,arabic1 #d oz4 ,let ^! be melt$ 9 a pot ( hot wat]1 & !n /ra9$ ?r\gh a l95 or horse-hair sieve4 ,:5 prop]ly dissolv$1 add to x two table-spoonfuls ( />*1 or hair-p[d]1 & mix ! :ole well toge!r4 ,?is pa/e may be us$ = _m purposes1 & x nev] spoils4 ,x may be dri$1 & by p\r+ a little w>m wat] on x1 x w soon be ready = use4 ,if x is wi%$ to be all melt$1 & hurri$ly1 ! pot conta9+ x %\ld be plac$ 9 w>m wat] or s&4 ,,fl\r ,,pa/e4 ,make fl\r pa/e 9 ! ord9>y way1 & add to x a small portion ( ! solution ( corrosive sublimate1 or p[d]$ corrosive sublimate4 ,?is w prev5t ! attack ( mites1 to :i* pa/e is v liable :5 dri$4 ,?is pa/e may be dri$ into a cake1 & moi/5$ :5 requir$4 ,,solution ,,( ,,gum-,,arabic4 ,! solution ( gum-arabic is made by simply add+ wat] to x4 ,:5 us$ z a v>ni%1 or = atta*+ objects1 x is extremely apt to get too brittle 9 v w>m wea!r1 & to crack or split (f 9 scales2 to prev5t ?is1 a qu>t] ( an ounce ( :ite or br[n sug> c&y mu/ be add$ to two ounces ( gum-arabic4 ,,pap]1 ,,pa/e1 ,,gumm$4 ,take a c(fee-pot1 fill$ ) wat]1 & add to x a quantity ( pap]1 :i* has be5 slightly siz$1 l t us$ = pr9t+ engrav+s4 ,let x boil = ?ree h\rs1 & :5 ! wat] has evaporat$1 boil x aga9 = a simil> l5g? ( "t4 ,take out ! pap]1 & squeeze x well 9 a col&]1 & !n p\nd x 9 a mort>1 until x is r$uc$ to a v f9e pa/e4 ,x mu/ !n be dri$4 ,:5 x is requir$ = use1 add to x "s ( ! solution ( gum-arabic2 & keep x 9 a pot = use4 ,,poll5 ,,p[d]4 ,! pap] made z above direct$1 :5 well dri$1 is p\nd$ 9 a mort> till x becomes a v f9e p[d]2 x is !n put into a t9 pepp]-box1 & :5 any ( ! p>ts ( ,p>rots' bills1 etc41 are wi%$ to h ?is p[d]$ appe>ance1 a little ( ! solution ( gum-arabic is wa%$ ov] ! "p ) a camel's-hair p5cil1 & ! p[d] du/$ on x & all[$ to dry4 ,,r$ ,,v>ni%4 ,take a /ick ( r$ seal+-wax1 beat x d[n ) a hamm]1 & !n put x into a vial1 ) an ounce ( /rong _s ( w9e1 :i* w dissolve x )9 f\r or five h\rs4 ,x may be appli$ to any "p ) a camel's-hair p5cil1 & x w dry 9 less ?an five m9utes4 ,black1 yell[1 & gre51 or inde$ any color ( v>ni%1 may be made f seal+-wax ( ^! v>i\s colors4 ,to ^? unacqua9t$ ) ! comb9ation ( colors we may m5tion t a mixture ( blue & yell[ produces gre52 p9k & blue makes purple2 r$ & yell[1 orange2 black1 r$1 & yell[1 br[n2 black & blue1 gray4 ,^! may be v>i$1 9 an inf9ity ( %ades1 by ei!r color pr$om9at+1 & by ! addition ( o!r colors4 ,,lut+ ,,= ,,r5d]+ ,,bottles ,,air-,,tight4 ,common ,res94 ,r$ ,o*re r$uc$ into a f9e p[d]4 ,yell[ ,wax4 ,oil ( ,turp5t9e4 ,^! mu/ be melt$ ov] a fire 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 & ! vessel 9 :i* x is made %\ld be capable ( hold+ ?ree times ! quantity requir$1 to all[ room = boil+ up4 ,an e>!nw>e pipk9 ) a h&le is ! be/ ?+ = ! purpose1 & a lid mu/ be made ( t9 to fit x4 ,! lut+ w be r5d]$ m or less brittle1 or ela/ic1 z ! r$ o*re prevails3 ,! wax is fir/ melt$1 & !n ! res92 ! o*re is !n add$ 9 small quantities1 & /irr$ quickly ) a spatula ea* "t4 ,:5 all ! o*re has be5 add$1 x mu/ be all[$ to boil six or eight m9utes2 ! turp5t9e is !n add$1 & briskly /irr$ ) ! spatula1 & cont9ue to boil x4 ,!re is consid]able risk ( ! mixture tak+ fire1 & %\ld x d s1 ! lid mu/ imm$iately be put on ! vessel to ext+ui% x4 ,to asc]ta9 ! consi/5ce ( ! lut+1 a little mu/ be1 f "t to "t1 dropp$ on a cool plate1 or flat piece ( iron4 ,if x is too s(t1 m ( ! o*re mu/ be add$ to x2 & if too h>d1 additional wax & turp5t9e4 ,,t[ ,,& ,,flax ,,sliv]s4 ,^! are fillets ( prep>$ t[ & flax1 ( f "o to ?ree in*es 9 bread?4 ,!y are extremely uni=m 9 _! ?ickness1 be+ made to weight1 & c easily be procur$ f any flax-sp9n+ mill1 at a mod]ate price p] p\nd weight4 ,,me?od ,,( ,,mak+ ,,enamel-,,eyes ,,= ,,animals4 ,mu* ( ! "* & expression ( animals dep5ds ^u _! eyes2 x w1 !re=e1 be evid5t t great att5tion is necess>y 9 ! artificial imitation ( ^!4 ,9 ?is op]ation1 a pipe ( bak$ e>? is us$1 or a tube ( glass six or sev5 in*es 9 l5g?1 at ! end ( :i* a little :ite enamel is plac$4 ,?is is plac$ to ! flame1 s t x may be bl[n4 ,?is enamel =ms a globe1 ^: dim5sions dep5d ^u ! quantity ( air introduc$4 ,:5 ?is globe is ( ! size wi%$1 we place 9 ! middle1 & p]p5dicul>ly to ! po9t ( ! pipe1 ! quantity ( enamel necess>y to =m ! enamel4 ,! second enamel is !n incorporat$ ) ! fir/ by pres5t+ x to ! flame1 :ile att5tion is paid to turn ! pipe gradually r\nd1 s t ! enamel may diffuse itself equally1 & ! iris be exactly circul>4 ,if x is requir$ t ?is iris %\ld be ( v>i\s colors1 l t ( man = example1 small filam5ts ( enamel are di/ribut$ 9 div]g+ rays ( ! suitable color2 ! eye is !n plac$ 9 ! flame1 until ^! h incorporat$ ) ! iris1 aft] :i* ! pupil is plac$ z be=e direct$1 & ! glass appli$ z be=e direct$4 ,dur+ ?is op]ation1 ! globe is almo/ c]ta9 ( s9k+ d[n1 p>tly f ! air escap+1 p>tly f ! heat1 & f ! pressure :i* is us$ 9 apply+ ! diff]5t sub/ances2 air mu/ aga9 be suppli$ f "t to "t to prev5t x f los+ its =m4 ,?is becomes p>ticul>ly necess>y :5 glass is appli$1 & :5 x is ext5d$ ov] ! :ole surface ( ! iris4 ,! eye hav+ got its =m & size1 ! pipe is tak5 away4 ,to effect ?is1 aft] ! air has be5 introduc$1 ! entrance ( ! pipe is /opp$ ) ! f+]1 & ! back "p ( ! eye expos$ to ! flame2 :5 ! air conta9$ 9 ! globe1 & r>ifi$ by ! pipe1 comes ?r\gh at ! place :]e ! flame has mo/ action4 ,?is op5+ is prolong$ by turn+ ! po9t ( ! flat p9c]s1 or an iron-wire1 all r\nd ! pipe2 "o po9t only is left by :i* ! eye rema9s fix$4 ,x is !n w>m$ equally all ov]1 aft] :i* x is expos$ to a g5tle heat1 & :5 x aga9 cools1 x is sep>at$ f ! pipe4 ,,articles ,,requir$ ,,= ,,sk9n+ ,,& ,,m\nt+ ,,quadrup$s1 ,,birds1 ,,reptiles1 ,,& ,,fi%es4 #a4 ,a box conta9+ scalpels ( diff]5t %apes2 a pair ( scissors ) po9t$ blades1 & two or ?ree po9t$ =ceps ( diff]5t sizes1 ! extremities ( "o ( :i* ought to be ind5t$4 #b4 ,two flat p9c]s1 or pli]s1 l>ge & small4 #c4 ,a r\nd p9c] = turn+ wire4 #d4 ,a cutt+ p9c] = wire4 #e4 ,a hamm]4 #f4 ,two files4 #g4 ,a triangul>4 #h4 ,po9ts = p]=at+ holes4 #i4 ,a saddl]'s awl = drill+ holes2 also v>i\s %oemak]'s awls1 :i* w be f\nd useful4 #aj4 ,bru%es ( diff]5t sizes = putt+ ! pres]vative on ! animals' & birds' sk9s1 & = smoo?+ & du/+ ! fea!rs4 #aa4 ,an assortm5t ( iron-wire ( all sizes4 #ab4 ,flax & t[1 co>se cotton4 ,:5 ^! _c be _h1 untwi/$ ropes or cords4 ,a quantity ( t[ & flax sliv]s = twi/+ r\nd ! leg-bones ( small quadrup$s & birds4 #ac4 ,"s small h>dwood me%es = assi/+ 9 /uff+4 ,,in/ructions ,,to ,,travel]s4 ,! be/ means ( procur+ liv+ animals is by apply+ to ! natives ( ! diff]5t c\ntries1 :o are accu/om$ to _! habits1 & ! situation 9 :i* !y are likely to be f\nd1 & to take !m 9 traps & sn>es4 ,!y are also m likely to be able to f9d _! retreats1 s t !y may take ^! animals 9 a "y /ate1 & also birds 9 _! ne/s4 ,by ?us secur+ animals :ile "y1 !y are mu* m likely to rea* home 9 a liv+ /ate4 ,e ex]tion %\ld be us$ to r5d] !m famili>1 :51 be+ habituat$ to ! appe>ance ( man1 !y w be m able to resi/ ! effects ( a t$i\s sea-voyage ?an ^? :i* h be5 tak5 :5 wild1 & are "u a cont9u$ degree ( excitem5t4 ,e c>e %\ld be tak5 to soo! & c>ess !m2 & !re is no animal ^: mann]s _c be s(t5$ by g5tle treatm5t4 ,dur+ f9e wea!r1 !y %\ld be all[$ to take ex]cise on ! deck1 z no?+ is s injuri\s to _! heal? & gr[? z be+ long p5t up 9 a small cage4 ,:ile ?us conf9$1 x w be obvi\s t !y require a mu* small] portion ( food !n :5 !y c h suffici5t room to ex]cise !mselves4 ,_m ( ^! animals are lo/ f ov]fe$+4 ,_! diet %\ld be giv5 ) great regul>ity1 b always 9 su* quantity z !y c easily dige/4 ,next to food1 cleanl9ess is ( ! utmo/ importance1 & if ?is requires too mu* ( ! att5tion ( ^? :o are br++ !m home1 x w be easy to procure ! assi/ance ( "s ( ! crew4 ,& unless ?is is /rictly att5d$ to1 !re is little *ance ( pres]v+ _! heal?4 ,:5 animals' sk9s are import$1 x is also necess>y to br+ ! head & feet4 ,^? ( ! mammalia1 :i* c be put into a b>rel or bottle1 %\ld be pres]v$ entire 9 spirits4 ,9 ! ev5t ( n be+ able to transport ! c>cass ! next be/ ?+ is to br+ ! skeleton along ) ! sk94 ,x w n be necess>y to m\nt ^!4 ,all t is requir$ is to boil ! bones1 take (f ! fle%1 & dry !m4 ,aft]w>ds all ! bones belong+ to ! same skeleton %\ld be put 9 a bag by !mselves1 tak+ c>e to fill up ! bag ) dri$ moss1 or any o!r sub/ance :i* w prev5t friction4 ,! m effectually to secure ?is1 ! small & t5d] bones ought to be wrapp$ 9 pap]4 ,x is ( ! utmo/ consequ5ce t n a bone %\ld be lo/4 ,9 %oot+ birds1 x is ( mu* importance n to use ! %ot too l>ge2 inde$1 x ought to be proportion$1 z ne>ly z possible1 to ! size ( ! bird to be %ot at4 ,:5 ! bird is kill$1 ! blood mu/ be c>efully wip$ away1 & a little cotton mu/ be put into ! bill to prev5t ! blood fl[+ f x to injure ! fea!rs4 ,! w\nd %\ld also be /uff$ ) cotton4 ,birds %\ld be sk9n$ z soon z possible1 z ! fea!rs are apt to fall (f if kept too long4 ,! os coccygis mu/ be kept atta*$ to ! sk94 ,if sev]al individuals ( ! same species be kill$1 "o %\ld1 if possible1 be pres]v$ entire 9 spirits1 ) ! :ole muscles ( ! body4 ,if ! bird has a fle%y cre/1 x ought to be pres]v$ 9 spirits4 ,x is ( ! utmo/ consequ5ce to procure ! male1 female & "y1 & ^! at diff]5t ages1 besides1 z _m species are subject to great v>iety1 9 _! progress f ! "y to ! adult /ate4 ,?is is m p>ticul>ly ! case ) ,eagles & ,hawks1 _m ( :i* h be5 describ$ z diff]5t species 9 _! immature /ate4 ,! eggs & ne/ %\ld also be procur$4 ,,reptiles4--,! *ief ?+ to be att5d$ to 9 sk9n+ reptiles is n to injure ! scales2 & 9 ! liz>d k9d c>e mu/ be tak5 n to break ! tail4 ,b = all ! small] & middle-siz$ species ! be/ mode is to pres]ve !m 9 spirits2 & ( ! l>g] k9ds1 :i* are sk9n$1 ! skeletons ought to be kept4 ,! fle% %\ld be tak5 away ) knives & scalpels z well z possible1 & ! bones ?or\ghly dri$ & pack$ 9 a box ) cotton or grass1 & !y c be articulat$ aft] !y are br\ght home4 ,:5 ! skeletons are too l>ge !y may be sep>at$ into conv5i5t p>ts = pack+4 ,,! ,,end4 ,"o ( ,our ,be/ ,,! ,,lib]ty ,,boys ,,( '#gf ,,x ,,conta9s ,/ories ( ! ,am]ican ,revolution ,by ,,h>ry ,,moore #cb ,pages ,color$ ,cov]s ,price #e ,c5ts ,dick ,slat]1 ! h]o ( ?is s]ies1 is ! d>+ "y capta9 ( a gallant b& ( boy patriots1 :o fight = ,am]ican ,indep5d5ce4 ,read h[ !y w9 fame & glory on ! battlefield4 ,a little love !me runs ?r\gh ea* /ory & adds to _! *>m4 ,,read ,,!m ,,e ,,week ,*oose f ,?is ,li/3 ,no4 #ahd ,! ,lib]ty ,boys 9 ,di/rict #if2 or1 ,surr\nd$ by ,r$coats4 #ahe ,! ,lib]ty ,boys & ! ,s5t9el2 or1 ,! ,capture ( ,=t ,wa%+ton4 #ahf ,! ,lib]ty ,boys on ! ,hudson2 or1 ,work+ on ! ,wat]4 #ahg ,! ,lib]ty ,boys at ,g]mant[n2 or1 ,good ,"w 9 a ,good ,cause4 #ahh ,! ,lib]ty ,boys' ,indian ,decoy2 or1 ,! ,fight on ,quak] ,hill4 #ahi ,! ,lib]ty ,boys ,afloat2 or1 ,sail+ ,) ,paul ,jones4 #aij ,! ,lib]ty ,boys 9 ,mohawk ,valley2 or1 ,fight+ ,r$coats1 ,tories1 & ,indians4 #aia ,! ,lib]ty ,boys ,left ,beh9d2 or1 ,alone 9 ! ,enemy's ,c\ntry4 #aib ,! ,lib]ty ,boys at ,augu/a2 or1 ',way ,d[n 9 ,georgia4 #aic ,! ,lib]ty ,boys' ,swamp ,camp2 or1 ,fight+ & ,hid+4 #aid ,! ,lib]ty ,boys 9 ,go?am2 or1 ,d>+ ,"w 9 ! ,great ,city4 #aie ,! ,lib]ty ,boys & ,kosciusko2 or1 ,! ,fight at ,great ,falls4 #aif ,! ,lib]ty ,boys' ,girl ,sc\t2 or1 ,fight+ ,butl]'s ,rang]s4 #aig ,! ,lib]ty ,boys at ,budd's ,cross+2 or1 ,hot ,"w 9 ,cold ,wea!r4 #aih ,! ,lib]ty ,boys' ,raft2 or1 ,float+ & ,fight+4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s or s5t to any address on receipt ( price1 #e c5ts p] copy1 9 money or po/age /amps4 ,,frank ,,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 #bd ,union ,squ>e1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,useful ,,& ,,in/ructive ,,books4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,! ,,black ,,art--,conta9+ a complete description ( ! my/]ies ( ,magic & ,sleight-(-,h&1 toge!r ) _m wond]ful exp]im5ts4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,illu/rat$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,be ,a ,,detective--,by ,old ,k+ ,brady1 ! _w kn[n detective4 ,9 :i* he lays d[n "s valuable & s5sible rules = beg9n]s1 & also relates "s adv5tures & exp]i5ces ( well-kn[n detectives4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or s5t to y\r address1 po/-paid1 on receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,become ,a ,,conjur]--,conta9+ tricks ) ,dom9oes1 ,dice1 ,cups & ,balls1 ,hats1 etc4 ,embrac+ #cf illu/rations4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,me*anical ,,tricks--,conta9+ complete in/ructions = p]=m+ ov] sixty ,me*anical ,tricks4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,fully illu/rat$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or we w s5d x by mail1 po/age free1 ^u receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,sixty ,,tricks ,,) ,,c>ds--,embrac+ all ( ! late/ & mo/ deceptive c>d tricks ) illu/rations4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or we w s5d x to y by mail1 po/age free1 ^u receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,electrical ,,ma*9es--,conta9+ full directions = mak+ electrical ma*9es1 induction coils1 dynamos1 & _m novel toys to be work$ by electricity4 ,by ,r4 ,a4 ,r4 ,b5nett4 ,fully illu/rat$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or w be s5t to y\r address1 po/-paid1 on receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,become ,a ,,b[l]--,a complete manual ( b[l+4 ,conta9+ full in/ructions = play+ all ! /&>d ,am]ican & ,g]man games1 toge!r ) rules & sy/ems ( sport+ 9 use by ! pr9cipal b[l+ clubs 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,by ,b>?olomew ,batt]son4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or s5t to y\r address1 po/age free1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,become ,,an ,,eng9e]--,conta9+ full in/ructions h[ to proce$ 9 ord] to become a locomotive eng9e]2 also directions = build+ a model locomotive2 toge!r ) a full description ( ev]y?+ an eng9e] %\ld "k4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or we w s5d x to y1 po/age free1 ^u receipt ( ! price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,become ,a ,,naval ,,cadet--,complete in/ructions ( h[ to ga9 admission to ! ,annapolis ,naval ,academy4 ,also conta9+ ! c\rse ( in/ructions1 descriptions ( gr\nds & build+s1 hi/orical sket*1 & ev]y?+ a boy %\ld "k to become an (fic] 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,navy4 ,compil$ & writt5 by ,lu ,s5>5s1 ,au?or ( ,h[ to ,become a ,we/ ,po9t ,milit>y ,cadet4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by e newsdeal] 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or w be s5t to y\r address1 po/-paid1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,*emical ,,tricks--,conta9+ ov] "o hundr$ highly amus+ & in/ructive tricks ) *emicals4 ,by ,a4 ,&]son4 ,h&somely illu/rat$4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or s5t po/-paid1 ^u receipt ( price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,musical ,,in/rum5ts--,full directions h[ to make a ,banjo1 ,viol91 ,zi!r1 olian ,h>p1 ,xylophone & o!r musical in/rum5ts1 toge!r ) a brief description ( ne>ly e musical in/rum5t us$ 9 anci5t or mod]n times4 ,pr(usely illu/rat$4 ,by ,alg]non ,s4 ,fitzg]ald1 = #bj ye>s b&ma/] ( ! ,royal ,b5gal ,m>9es4 ,price #aj c5ts4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s1 or we w s5d x to y\r address1 po/paid1 on receipt ( ! price4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,muldoon',s ,,jokes--,?is is "o ( ! mo/ orig9al joke books ev] publi%$1 & x is brimful ( wit & humor4 ,x conta9s a l>ge collection ( songs1 jokes1 conundrums1 etc41 ( ,t]r5ce ,muldoon1 ! great wit1 humori/1 & practical jok] ( ! day4 ,we (f] ?is amus+ book1 toge!r ) ! picture ( ,muldoon1 = ! small sum ( #aj c5ts4 ,e boy :o c enjoy a good sub/antial joke %\ld obta9 a copy imm$iately4 ,address ,frank ,t\sey1 publi%]1 ,new ,york4 ,,get ,a ,,copy ,,( ,secret ,s]vice ,,conta9+ ,excit+ /ories ( ,old & ,"y ,k+ ,brady1 ,detectives - - ,by ,a ,,new ,,york ,,detective ,price #e ,c5ts ,issu$ ,weekly ,color$ ,cov]s #cb ,pages ,read h[ ^! fam\s detectives "w up dang]\s cases & run ! crim9als d[n4 ,e /ory is a r>e treat & conta9s ! mo/ />tl+ adv5tures1 deep my/]ies & int]e/+ sc5es4 ,,y ,,w ,,l ,,^! ,,/ories ,"h are ,"s ( ! ,be/ ,numb]s3 ,no4 #bhf ,! ,bradys 9 ! ,saddle2 or1 ,*as+ ,bron*o ,bill4 #bhg ,! ,bradys & ! ,mock ,millionaire2 or1 ,! ,trail :i* ,l$ to ,tux$o4 #bhh ,! ,bradys' ,wall ,/reet ,trail2 or1 ,! ,matt] ( ,x4 ,y4 ,z4 #bhi ,! ,bradys & ! ,b&it's ,gold2 or1 ,secret ,"w 9 ! ,s\?we/4 #bij ,! ,bradys & ,capta9 ,?und]bolt2 or1 ,d>+ ,"w 9 ,dea? ,valley4 #bia ,! ,bradys' ,trip to ,*9at[n2 or1 ,trail+ an ,opium ,fi5d4 #bib ,! ,bradys & ,diamond ,dan2 or1 ,! ,my/]y ( ! ,john ,/reet ,jewels4 #bic ,! ,bradys on ,badman's ,isl&2 or1 ,trapp+ ! ,texas ,t]ror4 #bid ,! ,bradys & ! ,hop ,hitt]s2 or1 ,among ! ,opium ,fi5ds ( ',frisco4 #bie ,! ,bradys & ,bo/on ,b52 or1 ,track+ a ,trick/] to ,t5nessee4 #bif ,! ,bradys' ,late/ ,bad ,man2 or1 ,! ,case ( ,idaho ,ike4 #big ,! ,bradys & ! ,wall ,/reet ,wond]2 or1 ,! ,ke5 ,detective's ,quick ,case4 #bih ,! ,bradys' ,call to ,kansas2 or1 ,! ,matt] ( ,m>%al ,mundy4 #bii ,! ,bradys & ,old ,bill ,battle2 or1 ,aft] ! ,colorado ,co9]s4 ,= sale by all newsdeal]s or s5t to any address on receipt ( price1 #e c5ts p] copy1 9 money or po/age /amps ,,frank ,,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 #bd ,union ,squ>e1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,our ,,t5 ,,c5t ,,h& ,,books4 ,,useful1 ,,in/ructive ,,& ,,amus+4 ,conta9+ valuable in=mation on almo/ e subject1 su* z ,writ+1 ,speak+1 ,danc+1 ,cook+2 also ,rules ( ,etiquette1 ,! ,art ( ,v5triloquism1 ,gymna/ic ,ex]cises1 & ,! ,sci5ce ( ,self-,def5se1 etc41 etc4 #a ,napoleon's ,oraculum & ,dream ,book4 #b ,h[ to ,d ,tricks4 #c ,h[ to ,flirt4 #d ,h[ to ,dance4 #e ,h[ to ,make ,love4 #f ,h[ to ,become an ,a?lete4 #g ,h[ to ,keep ,birds4 #h ,h[ to ,become a ,sci5ti/4 #i ,h[ to ,become a ,v5triloqui/4 #aj ,h[ to ,box4 #aa ,h[ to ,write ,love ,lett]s4 #ab ,h[ to ,write ,lett]s to ,ladies4 #ac ,h[ to ,d ,x2 or1 ,book ( ,etiquette4 #ad ,h[ to ,make ,c&y4 #ae ,h[ to ,become ,ri*4 #af ,h[ to ,keep a ,w9d[ ,g>d54 #ag ,h[ to ,dress4 #ah ,h[ to ,become ,beautiful4 #ai ,frank ,t\sey's ,u4 ,s4 ,di/ance ,tables1 ,pocket ,companion & ,guide4 #bj ,h[ to ,ent]ta9 an ,ev5+ ,p>ty4 #ba ,h[ to ,hunt & ,fi%4 #bb ,h[ to ,d ,second ,sight4 #bc ,h[ to ,expla9 ,dreams4 #bd ,h[ to ,write ,lett]s to ,g5tlem54 #be ,h[ to ,become a ,gymna/4 #bf ,h[ to ,r[1 ,sail & ,build a ,boat4 #bg ,h[ to ,recite & ,book ( ,recitations4 #bh ,h[ to ,tell ,=tunes4 #bi ,h[ to ,become an ,inv5tor4 #cj ,h[ to ,cook4 #ca ,h[ to ,become a ,speak]4 #cb ,h[ to ,ride a ,bicycle4 #cc ,h[ to ,behave4 #cd ,h[ to ,f5ce4 #ce ,h[ to ,play ,games4 #cf ,h[ to ,solve ,conundrums4 #cg ,h[ to ,keep ,h\se4 #ch ,h[ to ,become ,y\r ,own ,doctor4 #ci ,h[ to ,raise ,dogs1 ,p\ltry1 ,pigeons & ,rabbits4 #dj ,h[ to ,make & ,set ,traps4 #da ,! ,boys ( ,new ,york ,end ,m5's ,joke ,book4 #db ,! ,boys ( ,new ,york ,/ump ,speak]4 #dc ,h[ to ,become a ,magician4 #dd ,h[ to ,write 9 an ,album4 #de ,! ,boys ( ,new ,york ,m9/rel ,guide & ,joke ,book4 #df ,h[ to ,make & ,use ,electricity4 #dg ,h[ to ,break1 ,ride & ,drive a ,horse4 #dh ,h[ to ,build & ,sail ,canoes4 #di ,h[ to ,debate4 #ej ,h[ to ,/uff ,birds & ,animals4 #ea ,h[ to ,d ,tricks ) ,c>ds4 #eb ,h[ to ,play ,c>ds4 #ec ,h[ to ,write ,lett]s4 #ed ,h[ to ,keep & ,manage ,pets4 #ee ,h[ to ,collect ,/amps & ,co9s4 #ef ,h[ to ,become an ,eng9e]4 #eg ,h[ to ,make ,musical ,in/rum5ts4 #eh ,h[ to ,become a ,detective4 #ei ,h[ to ,make a ,magic ,lant]n4 #fj ,h[ to ,become a ,photograph]4 #fa ,h[ to ,become a ,b[l]4 #fb ,h[ to ,become a ,we/ ,po9t ,milit>y ,cadet4 #fc ,h[ to ,become a ,naval ,cadet4 #fd ,h[ to ,make ,electrical ,ma*9es4 #fe ,muldoon's ,jokes4 #ff ,h[ to ,d ,puzzles4 #fg ,h[ to ,d ,electrical ,tricks4 #fh ,h[ to ,d ,*emical ,tricks4 #fi ,h[ to ,d ,sleight ( ,h&4 #gj ,h[ to ,make ,magic ,toys4 #ga ,h[ to ,d ,me*anical ,tricks4 #gb ,h[ to ,d ,sixty ,tricks ) ,c>ds4 #gc ,h[ to ,d ,tricks ) ,numb]s4 #gd ,h[ to ,write ,lett]s ,correctly4 #ge ,h[ to ,become a ,conjuror4 #gf ,h[ to ,tell ,=tunes by ! ,h&4 #gg ,h[ to ,d ,=ty ,tricks ) ,c>ds4 #gh ,h[ to ,d ! ,black ,art4 #gi ,h[ to ,become an ,actor4 #hj ,gus ,williams' ,joke ,book4 ,all ! above books are = sale by newsdeal]s ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,canada1 or !y w be s5t1 po/-paid1 to y\r address1 on receipt ( #aj;c4 ea*4 ,s5d ,y\r ,"n & ,address = ,our ,late/ ,illu/rat$ ,catalogue4 ,,frank ,,t\sey1 ,publi%]1 #bd ,,union ,,squ>e1 ,,new ,,york4 ,transcrib]'s notes3 ,9 ! orig9al1 !re are two ,,*apt] ,v's4 ,! la/ two *apt]s h be5 r5umb]$ to correct ?is4 ,! foll[+ is a li/ ( *anges made to ! orig9al4 ,! fir/ l9e is ! orig9al l9e1 ! second ! correct$ "o4 ! bra9s tak5 out by enl>g+ ! occiptal op5+ ! bra9s tak5 out by enl>g+ ! occipital op5+ anno9t$1 & ! body /uff+ complet$ ) *opp$ flax4 ano9t$1 & ! body /uff+ complet$ ) *opp$ flax4 ,! =e-eg wires are fix$ 9 ! same mann]1 ,! =e-leg wires are fix$ 9 ! same mann]1 drawn ?r\gh ! rump1 & & pass$ up to ! inside ( ! neck1 drawn ?r\gh ! rump1 & pass$ up to ! inside ( ! neck1 & drawn ?r\gh bill1 to prev5t ! head f /ret*+ & drawn ?r\gh ! bill1 to prev5t ! head f /ret*+ b aft] a few trials ?is w be unneccess>y4 b aft] a few trials ?is w be unnecess>y4 :ile ! ?read is pull$ on ! opposide side2 :ile ! ?read is pull$ on ! opposite side2 ,x may be t a bird ess5tially a]ial1 l ! wift1 ,x may be t a bird ess5tially a]ial1 l ! swift1 n ! "* ( any "p ( ! sk91 or e>uncle ( ! n ! "* ( any "p ( ! sk91 or c>uncle ( ! ,^! mu/ be imitat$ ) gum arabic & p[d]$ />*1 ,^! mu/ be imitat$ ) gum-arabic & p[d]$ />*1 ,a small packet ( camphor %\ld be rapp$ 9 a piece ( rag1 ,a small packet ( camphor %\ld be wrapp$ 9 a piece ( rag1 mo/ conv5i5t size = a bre$+ cage is eight in*es 9 brea?1 mo/ conv5i5t size = a bre$+ cage is eight in*es 9 bread?1 ,a small /raw or pipe ( gras may be sub/itut$ = ! glass pipe4 ,a small /raw or pipe ( grass may be sub/itut$ = ! glass pipe4 ?is %\ld be mix$ ) "s f9d s& & vegetable e>?1 ?is %\ld be mix$ ) "s f9e s& & vegetable e>?1 #h4 ,po9t's = p]=at+ holes4 #h4 ,po9ts = p]=at+ holes4 also v>i\s %oemak]s awls1 :i* w be f\nd useful4 also v>i\s %oemak]'s awls1 :i* w be f\nd useful4