,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,und]scores are us$
 z delimit]s = italics            ,,!   
,,exp]t ,,maid-,,s]vant      ,,by       
,,*ri/9e ,,t]hune ,,h]rick      ,,au?or 
,,( ,,h\sekeep+ ,,made ,,easy    ,,:at  
,,to ,,eat ,,& ,,h[ ,,to ,,s]ve ,,x     
,,cradle ,,& ,,nurs]y ,,etc4      ,,new 
,,york ,,& ,,london    ,,h>p]  ,,bro!rs 
,,publi%]s 33 #aijd        ,copyright1  
#aijd1 by ,h>p]  ,bro!rs4    ,all rights
 res]v$4    ,publi%$ ,octob]1 #aijd4    
,,to    ,a ,,fri5d ,,9 ,,ne$            
,,cont5ts        ,,*apt]                
,,page      ,i4    ,engag+ ! ,maid      
#a      ,,ii4   ,:5 ! ,maid ,arrives    
#ai      ,,iii4  ,mi/ress & ,maid       
#cf      ,,iv4   ,! ,duties ( !         
,maid-(-all-"w      #eb      ,v4        
,duties ( ,two or ,m ,s]vants           
#gj      ,,vi4   ,c]ta9 ,problems (     
,s]vice             #hh      ,,vii4     
,g5]al ,sugge/ions                      
#ajd      ,,viii4 ,a ,recapitulation (  
,daily ,duties       #abe            ,,!
    ,,exp]t ,,maid-,,s]vant          ,i 

,,engag+ ,,! ,,maid      ,! mo/ common  
me?od ( engag+ a s]vant is ?r\gh an     
intellig5ce  (fice4 ,!re are ne>ly z _m 
diff]5t k9ds ( ^! z !re are  types (    
dome/ics :o patronize !m4 ,an (fice ) a 
high /&+  %\ld be select$4 ,?is is n    
only because a l[] grade ( employes  is 
to be f\nd at ! o!r v>iety1 b also on   
acc\nt ( !  me?ods foll[$ 9 "s ( ! *eap]
 (fices4 ,su* e/abli%m5ts  occasionally 
h unscrupul\s manag]s1 :o make a bus9ess
 (  enc\rag+ ! maids !y place to *ange  
(t51 9 ord] t !  r5ew$ fee ( ! employ]  
may come to ! (fice4 ,?is practice has  
become common en\gh 9 "s ,/ates to      
ju/ify legislative int]v5tion4    ,9    
ne>ly e city or t[n !re are reputable   
ag5cies1 sometimes  conduct$ z bus9ess  
ent]prises simply1 sometimes run 9      
connection  ) *ur* or b5evol5t          
societies1 :]e a regi/] is kept ( !     
ref]5ces ( s]vants = :om places are     
secur$4 ,^! ref]5ces  are usually held z
 confid5tial betwe5 ! ag5t & ! w\ld-be  
employ]1 & ! latt] is ?us enabl$ to le>n

 ) "s c]ta9ty  ! qualifications ( ! maid
 %e ?9ks ( engag+4    ,once 9 a :ile a  
mi/ress is s =tunate z to secure a maid 
by !  recomm5dation ( "s o!r h\sekeep]  
or ?r\gh a s]vant 9 h]  own or a fri5d's
 employ4 ,maids engag$ 9 ?is fa%ion are 
(t5 m  satisfactory ?an ^? f\nd at an   
(fice1 f ! fact t !y  ent] _! new       
positions some:at prejudic$ 9 favor ( ! 
employ]1  in/ead ( hold+ ! attitude (   
arm$ neutrality (t5 f\nd 9  s]vants :o  
seek places ?r\gh an (fice4    ,:]ev] ! 
maid is met & 9 :atev] capacity %e is   
engag$1 !re  %\ld be a cle> und]/&+ f ! 
beg9n+ z to :at h] "w  %all be4 ,!      
mi/ress %\ld beg9 ! int]view ) ! maid %e
  seeks to employ by /at+ :at are !     
duties ( ! place %e (f]s  & inquir+ z to
 ! capabilities ( ! maid = ! position4  
,(t5  a few que/ions & answ]s w prove ! 
unsatisfactor9ess ( !  situation or ( ! 
applicant4 ,9 ?is case1 ! affair %\ld be
  dropp$ at once4 ,nev]1 no matt] :at ! 
exig5cy1 %\ld !  h\sekeep] endeavor to  
p]suade a dome/ic into tak+ a place =   

:i* %e is dis9cl9$4 ,x is a mi/ake almo/
 sure to result badly4    ,! h\sekeep]  
%\ld come to an int]view ) a prospective
 maid )  an op5 m9d1 & n all[ h]self to 
be prejudic$ by appe>ances4 ,an  aspect 
( sull5ness is frequ5tly ! result (     
%yness & does n  indicate unwill+ness to
 "w or a bad temp]4 ,! w\ld-be employ]  
%\ld speak g5tly & n ask que/ions ) a   
mann] ( hav+ !  maid 9 ! witness-box4   
,su* treatm5t w sometimes fright5 a     
timid  maid into inability to answ]     
intellig5tly1 & ! employ] w  produce an 
impression ( h] own h>dness & sev]ity   
:i* %e w  f9d x difficult to ov]come    
lat]4 ,! p]t & self-suffici5t maid  is  
likely to decl>e h] nature )9 a v few   
m9utes4 ,k9dness w  n int5sify ^!       
qualities 9 h]1 :ile x w enable a ba%ful
  girl to appe> to bett] advantage4     
,be=e int]view+ a maid1 ! mi/ress %\ld h
 cle>ly fram$  9 h] own m9d ! outl9es ( 
! "w requir$1 & %\ld "k  def9itely :at  
qu]ies %e means to put4 ,ea* mi/ress    
probably has h]  own way ( le>n+ !      

maid's capabilities & ( expla9+ ! "w  %e
 wi%es done4 ,! h\sekeep] :o has _h     
little practice 9 engag+  s]vants w d   
well to make up a =mula ( inquiries 9   
advance4 ,to  beg9 )1 x %\ld be asc]ta9$
 :at exp]i5ce ! maid has  _h1 :at 0 h]  
la/ place1 h[ long %e /ay$ 9 x1 :at 7 h]
  reasons = leav+ x4 ,hav+ ?us le>n$ if 
! s]vant seems to  be 9 ! ma9           
satisfactory1 s f> z disposition &      
will+ness are  conc]n$1 ! mi/ress %\ld  
proce$ to expla9 :at is ! "w (  ! h\se1 
putt+ su* que/ions z w enable ! girl to 
tell ( h]  compet5cy4    ,= in/ance1 9  
engag+ a maid = g5]al h\sework1 %e %\ld 
be  ask$ if %e und]/&s pla9 cook+ (     
meats & vegetables2 if %e  c make bread1
 biscuit & muff9s1 s\ps & pla9 pudd+s2  
if %e  c foll[ a recipe1 etc4 ,m        
elaborate cul9>y accompli%m5ts c  r>ely 
be look$ = 9 a maid-(-all-"w4 ,%e %\ld  
also be able  to d wa%+ & iron+1 h "s k 
( *amb]-"w & (  wait+1 & be will+ to    
le>n4 ,!re are s _m qualifications  = ! 
g5]al-h\sework girl1 :o mu/ be a sort ( 

,pooh ,bah 9  petticoats1 t x is no     
wond] ! supply is usually inadequate to 
!  dem&4    ,!re %\ld be no attempt on !
 "p ( ! mi/ress to make ?+s 9  ! place  
%e (f]s seem bett] ?an !y are4 ,a s]vant
 :o is br\ght  into a h\se "u false     
pret5ces is nev] likely to d well4 ,if !
  prospective mi/ress ent]ta9s a good   
deal1 if %e is likely to h  gue/s /ay+ 9
 ! h\se (t51 %e %\ld give full notice ( 
h] int5tion f ! />t1 expla9+ at ! same  
"t t %e is  will+ to d all %e c to      
light5 ! burd5 ( extra "w4 ,s f> z      
possible1 ! am\nt ( labor %\ld be put   
cle>ly be=e ! employe1  s t if ! place  
does n suit h] %e may "k its drawbacks f
  ! beg9n+4 ,naturally1 x %\ld also be !
 "p ( ! mi/ress to  po9t out :at are !  
especial advantages ( ! situation1 & to 
let  ! maid see t ! employ] is ready to 
d any?+ 9 h] p[] to  prev5t unusual toil
 f be+ too heavily felt4 ,no *ance %\ld 
be  left = misund]/&+ ^u any po9t1 & f !
 fir/ x %\ld  be compreh5d$ t a _s (    
accommodation & k9dl9ess w be  accord$  

by ! mi/ress & expect$ f ! maid4        
,aft] ! mi/ress & maid h rea*$ "s k9d ( 
an adju/m5t t  makes !m feel ! relation 
( employ] & employ$ w\ld be desirable   
to bo?1 x is "t = ! h\sekeep] to make   
special inquiry ab\t  ! maid's ref]5ces4
 ,if ! (fice is a reputable "o x may be 
tak5  = grant$ t ! s]vants' *>act]s are 
9 ! ma9 :at !y  %\ld be1 b ! mi/ress w  
wi% to g into details & ei!r see  ! =m] 
employ] or write to h]4    ,?is matt] ( 
ref]5ces is mo/ important4 ,! mi/ress   
owes x to !  maid z well z to h]self to 
see t ^! are all !y %\ld be4 ,no  matt] 
h[ excell5t is ! writt5 ref]5ce %[n by !
 s]vant1  x %\ld be v]ifi$ by !         
prospective employ]4 ,9 _m cases !      
mi/ress ( a dep>t+ maid w write = h] an 
unc&id ref]5ce  = ! sake ( sav+ h]self  
an unpleasant sc5e or f a mi/ak5        
k9dl9ess4 ,%e does n wi% to endang] !   
maid's *ances ( secur+  fur!r employm5t1
 & %e pref]s to /ret* ! tru? to be+     
hone/  9 ! recomm5dation %e be/[s4 ,a   
lam5table want ( honor prevails  betwe5 

h\sekeep]s 9 ?is reg>d1 & ! woman :o has
 n f\nd  a maid 9 ! lea/ satisfactory   
:ile 9 h] own employ w s5d h]  =? ) a   
ref]5ce :i* makes x tol]ably sure %e c  
obta9  a situation else:]e )\t          
difficulty4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! new  mi/ress
 is no less he$less & w take a s]vant   
into h] employ  simply on ! /r5g? ( a   
writt5 ref]5ce )\t giv+ h]self !  pa9s  
to inquire z to its accuracy4    ,too   
mu* /ress c h>dly be laid ^u ?is        
necessity = hone/y 9  ! ref]5ces giv54  
,x is ! protection ( ! maid z well z (  
! mi/ress4 ,s long z any s]vant c secure
 a good place by a =g$  ref]5ce or by "o
 grant$ to incompet5cy by easy          
good-nature1  %e w n feel t h] employm5t
 dep5ds ^u h] m]its4 ,!  consci5ti\s    
tra9$ work] /&s on precisely ! same     
plane z !  c>eless1 unqualifi$ %irk4 ,a 
good "p ( ! re=mation ( ! mu*  criticis$
 dome/ic s]vice lies ) ! mi/ress :o     
deplores its  faults4 ,:5 a maid und]/&s
 t laz9ess1 imp]t95ce1 di%one/y1        
ill-temp]1 incompet5cy1 w be m5tion$ 9  

h] ref]5ce j  z frankly z ! contr>y good
 qualities1 %e w take m pa9s  conc]n+ ! 
recomm5dation t w w9 or lose h] a place4
    ,z a matt] ( c\rse1 !re is always ! 
*ance t an unscrupul\s  or bad-temp]$   
mi/ress may take advantage ( ! p[] ( !  
ref]5ce4 ,b ?is risk is small1          
especially 9 ! pres5t condition  ( our  
dome/ic s]vice4 ,we h n yet rea*$ ! po9t
 atta9$ by  ! ,engli%1 ) :om a false    
ref]5ce--t is1 "o n writt5 by  a g5u9e  
employ] ( ! s]vant hold+ ! ref]5ce--is  
puni%$ by  f9e or imprisonm5t4 ,f pres5t
 appe>ances1 x does n seem likely  t we 
%all ev] get to t4 ,b ! mi/resses might 
at lea/ h  ! s5se ( mutual              
responsibility t m>ks liv+-out girls4   
,if a  place is once kn[n z h>d1 or a   
mi/ress z unreasonable1 unk9d1 or  a    
driv]1 x is difficult to f9d s]vants to 
fill x4 ,!re is an  unorganiz$          
trades-union among s]vants :i* helps to 
protect !m1  9 a measure4 ,! mi/resses h
 too little esprit de corps :5  ref]5ces
 are 9 "q4    ,x is difficult to        

describe to a prospective maid exactly  
:at h]  "w w be1 b %e c h a g5]al outl9e
 ( x giv5 to h]4  ,conc]n+ h] privileges
 x is possible to be m explicit1 al?\gh 
! privileges v>y ) ! position ! maid    
occupies 9 !  h\sehold4 ,:]e "o s]vant  
is kept1 x is cu/om>y to all[ h] e  o!r 
,sunday aft]noon & ev5+ out1 & an       
aft]noon & ev5+  besides on a week-day1 
once a =tnight--or else an ev5+ e week4 
,:5 two s]vants are employ$ ! same      
privilege is all[$ to ea*1  & x is !    
g5]al rule t "o %all take ! "w ( ! o!r  
on  ! days & ev5+s out ( ! latt]4 ,?us1 
! second maid prep>es  d9n] z well z    
s]ves x1 :5 ! cook is out1 :ile ! cook  
does  ! wait+ & s]v+ & answ]s ! bell1 9 
addition to do+ h]  own "w1 :5 ! second 
maid has h] holiday4 ,9 "s h\seholds x  
is  ! cu/om to h supp] in/ead ( d9n] on 
! night :5 ! cook  goes out1 ?us light5+
 ! task ( ! waitress4 ,! ,sunday ev5+   
supp] is practically univ]sal1 z x gives
 ! maids _! heavie/  "w 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! 
day & less5s ! labor ( ! aft]noon  &    

ev5+4 ,9 ! h\sehold :]e ?ree wom5       
s]vants are employ$1  x is ! cu/om to h 
b "o out at a "t1 except on ,sundays4 ,m
  or less plann+ is requir$ to divide ! 
"w satisfactorily  "u ^! circum/ances1 &
 ! me?od 9 :i* ! division is  accompli%$
 mu/ be decid$ by ! features ( ea* case4
 ,:atev] !  peculi>ities ( ! position1  
!y mu/ be made pla9 to ! maid :5  %e is 
engag$1 & n left at r&om to be decid$ ^u
 lat]4    ,! arrangem5ts once made1 x   
mu/ be und]/ood t ! rules =m$  are n to 
be lightly brok51 ei!r by mi/ress or    
maid4 ,! employe  is to "k t %e c c\nt  
positively on a c]ta9 day a week1 &  !  
mi/ress mu/ submit to great p]sonal     
inconv5i5ce soon] ?an  v>y f ?is rule4  
,if1 = in/ance1 x is m agreeable = h] to
  ent]ta9 gue/s on ,?ursday ?an on      
,w$nesday1 & ! =m] is !  maid's ev5+    
out1 ! mi/ress %\ld waive h] own        
pref]5ces  & conv5i5ce soon] ?an break 9
 ^u ! maid's out+4 ,! same  pr9ciple    
%\ld be foll[$ by ! maid4 ,h] day out is
 agre$ ^u  to be ?is or t4 ,%e %\ld n   

feel t %e c *ange x to suit  h]self1    
m]ely by reque/+ ! indulg5ce ( h]       
mi/ress4    ,9 o!r matt]s ab\t !        
h\sehold !re %\ld be a fix$ r\t9e1  &   
?is %\ld be und]/ood f ! outset4 ,meals 
w be s]v$ at  c]ta9 h\rs1 ! maid w be   
expect$ to h !m on "t & !  family to be 
prompt at ! table4 ,su* sy/em z ?is does
 mu* t[>ds  simplify+ ! "w ( a h\sehold 
& gives a maid a feel+ (  /ability t    
helps h] to d h] "w to bett] advantage4 
,%e kn[s  :at %e has to d 9 ! l9e ( "w &
 :at to dep5d ^u 9 !  way ( "t1 & z a   
consequ5ce ! :eels ( ! home move m      
smoo?ly4    ,su* a h>d-&-fa/ rule z ?is 
_c prevail1 p]haps1 9 e  h\sehold4 ,take
 ! case ( a physician1 = in/ance1 ( a   
newspap]  man1 ( "s bus9ess-m54 ,x is   
almo/ out ( ! "q = !m to  con=m to an   
immutable regulation4 ,if a doctor has  
be5 up all night  ) a pati5t1 x is rank 
absurdity to say t he mu/ be on h& 9  ! 
morn+ = an eight-o'clock breakfa/1 or t 
if a commut] loses  8 tra9 he mu/ /op 9 
t[n & get 8 d9n] soon] ?an d]ange  !    

times & seasons ( ! dome/ic economy4 ,9 
su* cases x is well  to rememb] t ! h\se
 is made = ! family & n ! family =  !   
h\se4 ,b in/ances l ^! are exceptions1 &
 d n affect  ! g5]al application ( !    
rule4    ,on ! o!r h&1 x may be urg$ t  
!re are happy &1 9 !  ma91 well-conduct$
 homes :]e a diff]5t pr9ciple is foll[$4
 ,9  ^! ! e/abli%m5t is consid]$ m z !  
home & less z a  piece ( ma*9]y4        
,concessions are r5d]$ to ! pref]5ces ( 
!  s]vants :5 !y wi% to v>y _! days out1
 & !y 9 turn are  ready to accommodate  
!mselves to ! wi%es ( _! employ]s :5  a 
*ange ( holidays seems desirable4 ,su*  
lib]ties z ^! x is  n safe to advise4   
,!y are ! exceptions1 &1 9 ! long run1 !
  /rict] plan w probably prove m        
satisfactory to all conc]n$4    ,at ! "t
 ( engag+ ! maid1 ! mi/ress %\ld make   
/ipulations  z to ! m9uti ( caps1       
aprons1 broad coll>s & cuffs1 & !  l4 ,9
 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry !re are maids :o    
object to  any?+ t seems to sugge/ a    
liv]y or uni=m1 &1 if !re are  prote/s  

to be made & met1 ! process %\ld be     
dispos$ ( at !  />t4    ,_m mi/resses & 
maids fail to grasp ! fact t ! engagem5t
  betwe5 !m is 9 ! nature ( a legal     
contract4 ,mi/ress & maid are  equals 9 
! eyes ( ! law1 & an agreem5t is z b9d+ 
^u "o  z ^u ! o!r4 ,x %\ld be p]fectly  
und]/ood at ! beg9n+  = :at t]m ! maid  
is engag$ & at :at rates4 ,9 "s places x
  is ! cu/om to pay by ! week1 & !      
s]vant is !n engag$ by  t t]m4 ,9 o!r   
localities %e is engag$ & paid by !     
mon?1  al?\gh %e is frequ5tly tak5 at   
fir/ on a week's trial1 ) !  und]/&+ t1 
if %e gives satisfaction & is suit$ ) ! 
place1 %e is to cont9ue h] s]vices by ! 
mon?4 ,:5 ! latt]  p]iod is ! t]m (     
engagem5t1 x is und]/ood t ! employ] is 
expect$ to give n less ?an a week's     
notice ( dis*>ge to a maid1  & t ! latt]
 %\ld ann\nce a week be=e h] mon? is up 
h]  int5tion ( leav+4 ,%\ld ! mi/ress   
pref]1 %e c give a week's  wages 9 lieu 
( a week's notice1 b ! =m] me?od is 9 m 
g5]al use4    ,:5 a s]vant is engag$ by 

! week1 two or ?ree days' notice is     
dem&$ on ei!r side4 ,! mon?'s notice )  
:i* ,engli% books  h made u famili> is n
 common "h1 unless ! s]vant has be5  = a
 long "t 9 ! place4 ,immorality1        
drunk5ness1 di%one/y1 &  absolute       
refusal to obey ord]s are suffici5t     
causes = dismiss+ a  s]vant )\t w>n+ or 
wages2 b ?is is an extreme measure1 &   
%\ld be resort$ to only 9 circum/ances (
 great provocation4 ,ev5  !n1           
complications are (t5 avoid$ by pay+ a  
s]vant some?+1 if  n all ( :at is due4  
,! s]vant :o leaves )\t w>n+ 9 !  middle
 ( h] t]m is n legally entitl$ to h]    
wages1 b 9 ?is  case1 also1 tr\ble is   
usually sav$ by pay+ h] up to date4     
,among ! /ipulations incid5t to !       
engagem5t ( a maid1 x is well  to make  
m5tion ( breakages4 ,?is may n be ne$ful
 :5 hir+ a  cook1 b x is a safegu>d :5  
engag+ a waitress or ev5 a g5]al        
h\sework s]vant4 ,inquiries %\ld be put 
z to ! maid's c>efulness  ) *9a1 & !re  
%\ld be an agreem5t t ! maid is         

responsible = breakages except 9 cases (
 unavoidable accid5t4 ,su*  a proviso z 
?is may det] "s maids f tak+ a place1 b 
!  c>eful girl is n likely to object to 
! rule1 & ! mi/ress w\ld  probably be   
un=tunate %\ld %e engage a maid :o      
res5t$ su* a  regulation4          ,,ii 
,,:5 ,,! ,,maid ,,arrives      ,! fir/  
days ( a s]vant 9 a new place are n easy
 ei!r =  mi/ress or = maid4 ,?is %\ld be
 recogniz$ by ! mi/ress1 & %e  %\ld lay 
9 an extra supply ( pati5ce = ! em]g5cy4
 ,%e w  ne$ x1 9 ord] to endure )       
equanimity ! s9s1 neglig5ces1 &         
ignorances ( ! new-com]--especially !   
ignorances4 ,yet1 look$ at  imp>tially1 
! blund]s made by ! maid are probably n 
s mu* !  result ( ignorance z (         
unaccu/om$ness4 ,! situation is mu*     
h>d] = h] ?an = ! mi/ress4 ,! latt] is  
at lea/ on famili>  gr\nd4 ,to ! =m] !  
place is an unkn[n quantity4 ,%e does n 
"k :]e any?+ is kept4 ,%e is ignorant ( 
! pref]5ces ( h]  new employ]4 ,%e is   
encompass$ by novel surr\nd+s & faces2  

&--a  fact t is n always recogniz$ by   
employ]s--! v phraseology (  ! new      
mi/ress is /range to h]4 ,! maid lacks !
 m5tal  tra9+ t w\ld enable h] to adapt 
h]self quickly to ! *ang$  conditions1 !
 unusual expressions4 ,"u !             
circum/ances1 ! wond]  is n t %e does   
?+s s badly1 b t %e accommodates h]self 
z readily z %e does to ! fre%           
environm5t4    ,i h spok5 ( ! diffid5ce 
t sometimes produces ! impression  (    
sull5ness4 ,?is same diffid5ce (t5 takes
 o!r =ms t are  ev5 m try+ ?an gloom4 ,i
 h kn[n ( "o maid :o1 dur+ !  fir/      
=tnight ( h] /ay 9 a new place1 receiv$ 
e ord] ) a  l\d giggle--! fa%ion 9 :i*  
h] emb>rassm5t manife/$ itself4  ,ano!r 
0 s mu* at a loss :at to d ) h] h&s :5  
!y 7  n occupi$ ) h] "w1 t %e slapp$ !m 
toge!r con/antly z  %e mov$ ab\t ! h\se 
or /ood wait+ = ord]s4 ,yet bo? (  ^!   
maids1 aft] _! fir/ %yness _h worn (f & 
!y _h f\nd  !mselves & _! relation to _!
 "w1 became admirable s]vants  & ov]came
 ! defects t _h at fir/ tri$ ! pati5ce (

 !  mi/ress almo/ beyond endurance4     
,9 ! av]age ,am]ican h\sehold1 :]e !re  
is only a small dome/ic  =ce1 ! mi/ress 
%\ld always %[ ! s]vant :at are h]      
duties  or direct h[ ^! are to be p]=m$4
 ,9 l>ge h\seholds1 :]e  !re is a       
h\sekeep]1 ! tra9+ ( ! new s]vants may  
be  delegat$ to h]1 b ^! e/abli%m5ts are
 too few to be weigh$  9 mak+ up ! ma9  
acc\nt4 ,z soon z ! maid comes ! mi/ress
  %\ld direct h] or %[ h] to h] room1 & 
tell h] to *ange h]  /reet g>b = h]     
work+-dress & !n to report h]self to !  
mi/ress4 ,%e1 on h] own "p1 %\ld be     
ready = ! new-com]1 n  only ) a cle>ly  
fram$ idea ( ! "w %e w put h] to fir/1  
b also ) ! h\se 9 good ord] = ! "w t is 
to be done4    ,no?+ is m disc\rag+ to a
 s]vant ?an to come into a place t  is  
dirty f ! c>elessness ( ! =m] occupant1 
or untidy &  topsy-turvy4 ,! maid is z  
susceptible to fir/ impressions z ! re/ 
( u1 & ! moral effect ( br++ h] into a  
dirty & disord]ly  kit*5 is di/9ctly    
bad4 ,! mi/ress %\ld h _h ! kit*5  &    

pantries clean$ by ! outgo+ maid--& x   
%\ld h be5 done  "u h] own sup]vision or
 else ?or\ghly inspect$ aft] ! "w  is   
f9i%$4 ,%\ld ! maid :o is leav+ n h done
 h] task  ?or\ghly1 x is bett] = !      
mi/ress to give h] own "t & labor  to   
clean+ closets & %elves1 or engage a    
*>woman to d x1 ?an  to p]mit ! maid to 
come 9 be=e ! "w is prop]ly p]=m$4 ,!   
s]vant :o f9ds du/ 9 ! corn]s1 ! /ove   
unpoli%$1 ! cell>  & refrig]ator        
unclean$1 is likely to draw ! conclusion
 t !  places c rema9 z %e f\nd !m1 or   
may be suff]$ to drift into  ! same     
condition aga9 :5ev] %e is too lazy or  
too c>eless to  give !m prop] att5tion4 
,a ^w ab\t ! maid's b$room4 ,9 "s       
circum/ances x is impossible  to make x 
v allur+4 ,:5 all ( a family are tuck$  
away 9 d>k1  inside rooms1 z is ! case 9
 _m city ap>tm5ts1 x _c be  expect$ t ! 
maid w f>e bett] ?an h] employ]s4 ,b1   
=tunately1 all humanity are n           
cliff-dwell]s4 ,!re are pl5ty (  homes  
:]e x is possible = ! maid to h a light1

 airy b$room1  :i* c\ld be made         
attractive at a small exp5diture ( "t & 
money4  ,yet x is seldom t a s]vant's   
room has any?+ pleas+ ab\t  x4 ,!       
mi/resses def5d !mselves by say+ t !    
s]vants are  he$less ) good ?+s1 t !y d 
n take c>e ( :at is giv5  !m1 & any     
mi/ress c cite facts to prove ?is       
position4    ,)\t disput+ ! tru? ( ^!   
/atem5ts1 x may yet be urg$  t x is h>d 
= a s]vant to come into a room t be>s   
pla9ly !  traces ( its =m] occupant's   
untid9ess4 ,possibly ! new-com] has  9  
h] ! pot5tialities ( neatness &         
cleanl9ess1 & x is unfair  to *eck ^! at
 ! />t4 ,! room _c be refurni%$ = e  new
 maid2 b ! furniture x conta9s c be ( a 
sort t is readily  fre%5$4 ,! :ite iron 
cots are neat z well z com=table1 &  !re
 %\ld be a good mattress always4 ,a     
h>d-work+ maid has a  "r to a com=table 
b$4 ,if !re are two s]vants1 !y %\ld h  
sep>ate b$s4 ,?is %\ld be an inv>iable  
rule4 ,! mattress %\ld be  protect$ by  
"o ( ! cov]s t come = ?is purpose4 ,?is 

c  be wa%$ z (t5 z x ne$s x4 ,!         
blankets1 too1 %\ld be wa%$  betwe5 !   
dep>ture ( "o maid & ! arrival ( ano!r4 
,a neat  iron wa%-/&1 a pla9 bureau t c 
h a fre% bureau-cov] or a  clean t[el   
laid ov] x1 a com=table *air1 a rug by !
 b$1 are n  exp5sive & add mu* to !     
com=t ( a room4 ,x is wis] to h !  floor
 b>e & pa9t$1 or spread ) a matt+1 ?an  
cov]$ ) a  %abby & worn-out c>pet :i*   
ga!rs du/ & dirt4 ,! walls  are bett]   
pa9t$ ?an pap]$4 ,! mi/ress c consult h]
 own  pref]5ces z to :e!r or n %e %all  
put pictures on ! walls1  b %e %\ld n   
make ( ! maid's room a lumb] place = !  
old  engrav+s & *romos t w be tol]at$ 9 
no o!r "p ( !  h\se1 & d x "u !         
impression t %e is mak+ ! place         
attractive to ! maid-s]vant )9 h] gates4
 ,! b$ %\ld1 if  possible1 be made up   
be=e ! maid arrives1 ) a fre% spread1 & 
! room %\ld h ! absolute cleanl9ess t is
 always a *>m4    ,"o m po9t %\ld be    
look$ aft] 9 prep>+ = ! maid's  arrival4
 ,! mi/ress %\ld make sure t ! supply ( 

*9a &  cutl]y t ! maid w use = h] own   
meals is 9 dec5t ord]4  ,x _c be        
pleasant = any "o to h b5t & t>ni%$ =ks 
&  spoons1 crack$ & /a9$ cups1 sauc]s1 &
 plates = h] food4 ,!  co/ ( replac+ ^! 
by new is v slight & pays = itself 9 !  
agreeable impression giv5 ! maid by !   
fre%1 bright articles4    ,a li/ ( !    
d9+-room silv]1 l951 & *9a %\ld be made 
by  ! mi/ress & gone ov] by h] ) ! maid 
! day ( ! latt]'s  arrival4 ,by ?us     
v]ify+ ! li/ ! maid has a cle> idea (  !
 prop]ty t is giv5 into h] *>ge & kn[s =
 :at %e is  responsible4 ,if ! *9a is   
nick$ or crack$1 m5tion %\ld be made  on
 ! li/ ( ea* piece ?us disfigur$1 & !re 
%\ld be a note  ( l95 t is worn or      
brok54 ,by means ( su* a li/ ! mi/ress  
is  able to keep track ( h] possessions 
& !re is no possibility ( !  maid's     
excus+ a *ipp$ plate or a crack$ di% ) !
 plea t  x 0 injur$ be=e %e came4 ,su* a
 li/ is also a safegu>d to !  maid1 :o  
is by x enabl$ to prove t %e is n to be 
blam$ =  disa/]s t occurr$ dur+ ! /ay ( 

a pr$ecessor4    ,:5 ! s]vant pres5ts   
h]self ready dress$ = h] "w1 !  mi/ress 
%\ld tell h] z simply z possible :at ?is
 w be4 ,!  in/ruction w\ld bett] be giv5
 9 brok5 doses4 ,! work+s ( !  untra9$  
m9d are peculi>1 & 9 m5tal equipm5t !   
av]age s]vant  is (t5 on a level ) a    
*ild ( t5 or twelve4 ,be/[ too _m facts 
at once & y produce only confusion4 ,s x
 is n well to make an  attempt to give !
 maid a bird's-eye view ( :at w be h]   
:ole  duty1 b r to acqua9t h] by degrees
 ) h] occupations4 ,!  fir/ /ep is = !  
mi/ress to %[ h] :]e h] "w is to be &  !
 in/rum5ts ) :i* %e is to p]=m x4 ,%\ld 
%e be a cook1  %e mu/ be introduc$ to ! 
kit*51 ! managem5t ( ! range  expla9$ to
 h]1 ! :]eab\ts ( ! pr9cipal ut5sils    
made cle>4  ,if x is ! waitress :o is to
 be induct$ into (fice1 %e %\ld be  tak5
 to ! *9a-closet1 ! cont5ts ( ?is & ( ! 
silv] &  l95 draw]s display$1 & !       
p>ticul> pieces po9t$ out t are  9 daily
 s]vice4 ,:5 ! waitress is also !       
*amb]maid1 !re are  explanations requir$

 z to ! up/airs "w4 ,b1 z ,i h said1 x  
is bett] to supply ^! little by little4 
,= example1 if ! cook comes into ! h\se 
9 ! morn+1 give  h] "t to get us$ to h] 
kit*5 & h] tools be=e too mu*  in=mation
 is (f]$ z to ! pref]5ces ( ! family 9  
cook]y4  ,s9ce ! fir/ meal %e w h to    
prep>e w be lun*eon1 tell h]  ab\t ?is1 
& d n burd5 h] ) ! details ( d9n] until 
aft]  lun* is ov]4 ,/ill less try to    
give h] at "o fell swoop all %e  w ne$  
to "k ab\t breakfa/ ! next morn+ or :at 
%e w be  expect$ to d on wa%+ & iron+   
day4    ,^! in/ructions may s\nd        
unnecess>y to ! tra9$ & exp]i5c$        
h\sekeep]2 b ! _w is n entirely made up 
( ^!4 ,!  majority ( wom5 are m or less 
lack+ 9 s5se ( proportion &  9          
p]spective1 & ?is lack leads to a jumbl+
 ( _! ideas :i*  makes life complex = ^?
 to :om ! ideas are to be imp>t$4 ,(    
c\rse1 once 9 a :ile "o f9ds an         
intellig5t s]vant :o und]/&s  h]self    
well en\gh to slip at once into h] place
 & d ! "w (  x smoo?ly1 b %e is ! r>e   

exception to ! rule4 ,! h\sekeep]  mu/  
plan = ! av]age1 n = ! exception4       
,?is way ( giv+ ord]s naturally conf9es 
! h\sekeep] m or  less dur+ ! fir/ days 
( h] new maid's arrival--b a dome/ic    
convulsion ( any sort is att5d$ )       
drawbacks4 ,! mi/ress mu/  appreciate ! 
fact t %e w h to sacrifice h]self a     
little 9  ord] to tra9 h] new maid      
prop]ly1 & t ! result w be wor?  !      
tr\ble4    ,?is does n mean t ! mi/ress 
%\ld /& ov] a s]vant &  dictate ! way 9 
:i* e duty is to be p]=m$4 ,! employ]   
%\ld be> 9 m9d t !re is m ?an "o "r way 
( do+  ne>ly ev]y?+1 & if ! new maid has
 a special way ( h] own (  accompli%+   
?is or t1 %e %\ld be all[$ to foll[ h]  
cu/om  until %e has prov$ t x is n s    
good z t ( h] mi/ress4  ,?is may s\nd   
reckless1 b x has common-s5se to comm5d 
x4 ,:5 !  maid is giv5 a *ance to prove 
or disprove ! excell5ce ( h] me?od  & x 
turns out to be z good z t ( ! mi/ress1 
!re is !  sav+ ( j s mu* friction & ef=t
 9 tea*+ & le>n+ a  new way4    ,9      

advocat+ ?is ,i am tak+ x = grant$ t !  
maid has "s  idea ( ! mann] 9 :i* h] "w 
is to be done4 ,if %e is absolutely     
gre51 %e w h to be taught f ! beg9n+1 & 
!n !  mi/ress has no option4 ,su*       
s]vants are disc\rag+ & tiresome at  !  
outset1 b !y (t5 turn out ! be/ 9 !     
long-run4 ,9 _!  cases ! mi/ress has no 
bad impressions to efface & %e c implant
  h] own modes 9 virg9 soil4    ,:51    
h[ev]1 ! maid has "s k ( h] duties1 !   
mi/ress  %\ld %[ h] :]e %e is to "w1    
give h] directions = !  s]vices t come  
next1 & !n leave h] to h]self4 ,%e w    
le>n  h] way ab\t h] doma9 mu* m quickly
 if %e is unemb>rass$ by  ! pres5ce ( an
 obs]v]4    ,! mi/ress mu/ be prep>$ =  
blund]s ev5 aft] %e has giv5  explicit  
directions4 ,z ,i h said1 x is q        
possible ! maid  may n und]/& ! mi/ress 
at fir/1 or1 9 ! confusion ( new        
impressions1 %e may =get or conf\nd     
directions4 ,%\ld %e s]ve  a di% 9 a    
diff]5t fa%ion f t 9 :i* x has be5      
ord]$1  repro( %\ld be res]v$ until !   

mi/ress has made sure ( !  reason = !   
v>iation4 ,if ! wrong *9a or silv] or   
l95 is  us$1 corrections %\ld be made   
judici\sly4 ,! fault may h be5          
=getfulness1 x may h be5 misund]/&+1 &1 
9 any case1  fre% confusion w be !      
result if too _m blund]s are comm5t$  ^u
 at once4 ,! maid %\ld be direct$ to    
repair "o or two  omissions1 & ! re/    
%\ld be ignor$ = ! "t be+1 to be put  "r
 lat] on4    ,occasionally a maid w be  
f\nd :o seems *ronically unable to set a
  table "r4 ,i h kn[n ( sev]al :o p]si/$
 9 putt+ on crook$  ! squ>e ( damask t 0
 us$ at breakfa/ & lun*eon in/ead  ( !  
l>ge clo? t cov]$ ! entire table at     
d9n]4 ,! squ>e  w\ld be laid 9 a slant+1
 to-"o-side fa%ion t gave ! :ole  table 
a drunk5 look4 ,! mi/ress f9ally hit ^u 
a successful plan4  ,%e put f\r *airs on
 ! f\r sides ( ! table1 ea* exactly 9  !
 middle ( a side1 & !n laid on ! clo? ) 
ea* ( its f\r  corn]s precisely 9 front 
( a *air4 ,! object-lesson work$ to a   
*>m & crook$ clo?s became a ?+ ( ! pa/4 

,=getfulness ( "s piece (               
table-furniture is a m common fault  &  
"o m difficult to rectify4 ,if x seems  
impossible to ov]come x  9 any o!r way1 
! mi/ress may make a gr\nd plan ( !     
table z x  %\ld look :5 prop]ly laid1 or
 write a li/ ( all ! objects t  %\ld g  
on x = diff]5t meals4 ,x is n necess>y  
to resort to  ?is1 h[ev]1 until sev]al  
days' exp]i5ce has prov$ ! new maid's   
inability to grasp :at is requir$4    ,a
 *amb]maid w make correspond+ blund]s = 
a "t4 ,%e w  h to be told m ?an once h[ 
! b$s are to be made1 w h  to receive   
repeat$ in/ruction nev] to put !        
blankets on ) !  d\bl$ end at ! top1 &  
to be c>eful ab\t /ret*+ tight !  l[]   
%eet & tuck+ 9 ! cov]+s prop]ly at !    
bottom4 ,at !  beg9n+ ! mi/ress %\ld    
e/abli% h] /&>d ab\t ?is sort (  ?+ z %e
 does ab\t sweep+1 du/+1 & o!r clean+1 &
  %e mu/ nev] relax h] requirem5ts if %e
 expects to h h] h\se  prop]ly kept4    
,all ?is ne$ n be told ! maid ! fir/ day
 %e comes1 b ev5  !n %e may be made to  

und]/& t "w is n to be slight$ or       
neglect$4 ,?is pr9ciple1 at lea/1 %e mu/
 h cle>ly 9 h] m9d  at ! end ( ! fir/   
day's s]vice1 ev5 al?\gh h] ?\ghts may  
be a trifle *aotic z reg>ds details4 ,^?
 x w be ! "w ( !  mi/ress to make cle> z
 "t goes on & ! maid becomes accu/om$   
to h] "w4          ,,iii    ,,mi/ress   
,,& ,,maid      ,!re is a type ( mi/ress
 :o seems to reg>d s]vants z be+s ( an  
inf]ior ord]4 ,h] directions are giv5   
curtly--sometimes h>%ly4  ,%e takes !   
gr\nd t ! s]vant is paid = h] "w & t  = 
any?+ beyond ! bus9ess relation !re is  
no ne$ =  consid]ation4 ,%e may be call$
 "o extreme type4    ,! o!r extreme is m
 common4 ,9 h] desire to propitiate h]  
employe %e is h]self almo/ s]vile4 ,%e  
is 9 frank fe> le/ !  s]vant may leave  
h]1 & 9 ord] to reta9 h] s]vices makes  
almo/  any concession4 ,su* mi/resses z 
^! furni% mat]ials = mo/ (  ! jokes on !
 s]vant "q--jokes t are h>dly exagg]at$4
    ,betwe5 ^! two extremes !re is room 
= a mi/ress :o unites  consid]at5ess )  

self-respect4 ,%e speaks pleasantly to  
h]  s]vants1 b %e does n spoil !m by an 
+ratiatory mann] or %[  h]self ready to 
make any sacrifice soon] ?an run ! risk 
( p>t+  ) !m4 ,%e gives ord]s z ord]s1  
in/ead ( ask+ s]vices z  favors2 b %e   
issues h] comm&s 9 a k9dly way & ) none 
( !  tone or mann] ( a dictator1 /ill   
less ( a %rew4 ,:5 h] s]vants  are to be
 reprim&$1 %e does x quietly1 l[]+ r ?an
 rais+  h] voice4 ,if a s]vant _c be    
manag$ 9 ?is mann]1 %e feels x  is bett]
 to "p ) h]4 ,9 ! words ( a vet]an      
h\sekeep] (  ?is v>iety1 ,i w n h a     
s]vant 9 my h\se :om ,i h to  scold4    
,e "o recollects ! say+ t 9 h]d+ %eep x 
is necess>y  n only to tea* ! dogs to   
drive ! %eep1 b to accu/om ! %eep  to   
obey ! dogs4 ,s x is z desirable = !    
mi/ress to le>n  ! prop] me?od ( deal+ )
 ! maids z x is = ! maids to  und]/& !  
mi/ress4 ,!re are _m k9ds ( mann]s 9    
bo?4  ,b few are ! s]vants :o d n       
respond m quickly to a k9dly1  graci\s  
mann] ?an to "o t+$ ) sev]ity4          

,m5tion has be5 made ( ! difficulty a   
maid sometimes has 9  accu/om+ h]self to
 ! phraseology ( a new mi/ress4 ,to !   
girl's  hesitancy ab\t ask+ = a         
repetition ( an ord]1 or an explanation1
  are due "s ( ! blund]s %e makes4 ,!   
mi/ress %\ld be sure %e  is entirely    
und]/ood be=e %e s5ds ! girl ab\t h] "w4
  ,also1 %e %\ld be cle> z to ! cause ( 
a mi/ake or ( app>5t  disob$i5ce be=e %e
 f9ds fault4 ,always ! mi/ress %\ld be  
ready  to make explanations ab\t ! "w4  
,:5 ! maid comes = in/ruction  %e %\ld  
be met pati5tly1 & if !re seems to be a 
difficulty (  und]/&+1 a practical      
illu/ration w (t5 d m ?an half an  h\r (
 v]bal directions4 ,:5 ! mi/ress c %[ ! 
maid h[  ! table is to be set1 h[ ! b$s 
are to be made1 c give h] an            
object-lesson 9 sweep+ or du/+ or       
di%-wa%+1 %e w h  accompli%$ m ?an a    
doz5 lectures w\ld h wr\ght4 ,no?+      
bett] 9 in/ruction has be5 devis$ ?an ! 
,sque]s me?od4 ,fir/  !y spells x & !y  
goes & does x4 ,b x is ! mi/ress :o     

does ! spell+ z well z ! do+ if %e wi%es
 ! new maid to  grasp a novel mode (    
p]=m+ a h\sehold duty4    ,! mi/ress    
%\ld n %r9k f repro( :5 x has to be     
adm9i/]$4 ,!re are v few employes 9 any 
walk ( life :o are  possess$ ( s l>ge a 
supply ( consci5ti\sness t !y dis*>ge   
_! duties z well )\t ov]sight z ) x4 ,to
 e gang (  workm5 !re is an ov]se]4 ,9  
h\sekeep+ ! mi/ress is ov]se]  z well z 
plann]4 ,%e mu/ foll[ up h] maids--n s  
obvi\sly  t !y feel %e does n tru/ !m1 b
 closely en\gh to produce  ! impression 
^u !m t %e takes an int]e/ 9 _! "w &    
means to see t x is ?or\ghly done4 ,:5 x
 is n accompli%$ to  h] lik+ %e %\ld    
call !m to acc\nt1 n unk9dly1 b         
decid$ly4  ,if a r+ ( du/ ar\nd !       
bric--brac %[s :]e ! du/] has  be5      
fl\ri%$ ab\t ! furniture in/ead ( be+   
us$ to wipe ea*  surface c>efully1 !    
mi/ress %\ld call ! maid to br+ h] clo? 
& po9t out to h] ! defects 9 t portion (
 h] "w4 ,%\ld  !re be dirt left 9 !     
corn]s ( ! room1 f+]-m>ks on !  pa9t1   

/reaks on ! w9d[s1 ! same c\rse %\ld be 
pursu$4 ,:5  ?is has be5 done a few     
times1 unless ! employe is exceptionally
  sl[-witt$1 %e le>ns t x is less tr\ble
 to p]=m ! "w  prop]ly 9 ! fir/ place   
?an to h to g ov] x twice1 & !  second  
"t "u ! sup]vision ( ! mi/ress4    ,all 
?is ! employ] c d )\t jo9+ ! ranks ( !  
fuss]s  or belong+ to t class kn[n z !  
na/y p>ticul> h\sekeep]s4  ,! latt]1 :o 
put ! cleanl9ess ( ! h\se s f> above !  
com=t ( its inmates t ^! feel !y w\ld r 
h dirt )  peace ?an tid9ess )\t x1 are  
common en\gh to make a ^w (  w>n+ 9     
place4 ,b x is possible to accompli%    
neatness )\t  sacrific+ family concord1 
& 9 ! desire to secure ! latt] !        
h\sekeep] %\ld n p]mit h]self or h]     
s]vants to drift into  c>elessness4     
,f ! fir/ ! mi/ress %\ld h x cle>ly     
und]/ood t !re  is no place 9 ! h\se    
into :i* %e may n p5etrate4 ,h] daily   
inspection ( ! refrig]ator & ! pantries 
%\ld be a matt] (  c\rse4 ,h] pres5ce 9 
! kit*5 %\ld nev] excite surprise or    

provoke criticism4 ,naturally1 %e %\ld  
ex]cise tact 9 ?is z 9  e o!r relation (
 life4 ,= in/ance1 %e %\ld n *oose !  "t
 = h] morn+ visit to ! kit*5 :5 ! maids 
are at _!  breakfa/4 ,9 fact1 %e %\ld be
 punctili\s n to call h] s]vants  f _!  
meals except 9 cases ( absolute         
necessity4 ,!y h a  "r to take _! food  
undi/urb$1 & ?is "r ! mi/ress %\ld      
respect4 ,nor %\ld ! h\sekeep] *oose !  
cook's busie/ day =  do+ cook+ on h] own
 acc\nt1 if ?is is go+ to add to ! sum (
  ! s]vant's labors4 ,x is lack (       
consid]ation on ^! po9ts t  gives a h\se
 ! reputation ( be+ a h>d place4 ,:5 su*
 details  z ^! are obs]v$1 s]vants are m
 likely to be cont5t$1 ev5 if  ! "w is  
heavy1 ?an !y are 9 a light] place :]e  
!y feel t  _! rights & privileges are   
disreg>d$4    ,if a s]vant is to be     
reprim&$1 x %\ld nev] be done 9 !       
pres5ce ( a ?ird p]son4 ,! maid is no   
less human because %e is  9 a subord9ate
 position1 & x is h>d = any ( u to take 
repro(  k9dly :5 x is be/[$ 9 ! he>+ (  

"s "o else4 ,if !  mi/ress is incl9$ to 
be ha/y1 x is well = h] to wait a few   
m9utes aft] ! discov]y ( ! fault be=e %e
 utt]s h] rebuke4  ,t w give h] "t to   
get ! fault a little 9 p]spective &  to 
see its true proportions4 ,!n %e %\ld   
summon ! maid to h] &  deliv] h] words (
 w>n+ or reprim&4 ,nev] %\ld %e g to !  
kit*5 to scold ! cook4 ,!re ! k ( !     
latt] t %e  is1 s to speak1 on h] own   
gr\nd has sometimes ! un=tunate effect  
( provok+ an imp]t95t rejo9d]1 :i* w\ld 
n be =?com+  if ! int]view _h tak5 place
 9 ! mi/ress's own room or 9 !          
draw+-room4    ,!re is a peculi> /+ 9 a 
repro( giv5 = a fault t is due to       
accid5t1 to misund]/&+1 or to "s o!r    
p>donable cause4 ,v  (t5 ! reque/ = an  
explanation w br+ out facts t  ! mi/ress
 _h n kn[n & :i* put a diff]5t face ^u !
  occurr5ce4 ,:5 rebuke is ess5tial x   
%\ld n only be deliv]$  quietly1 b !re  
%\ld be no m>k ( ang] 9 ! mann] ( !     
mi/ress4 ,su* demeanor z ?is is m       
impressive ?an ! h>% tones1  ! %>p      

words1 = :i* ! culprit might h be5      
prep>$4    ,!re are1 ( c\rse1 limits to 
:i* faults may be p]mitt$ to g4 ,if  x  
is impossible to conqu] !m by repro(1 x 
is bett] to dis*>ge a  s]vant ?an to h  
to p]si/ 9 fault-f9d+4 ,life is too %ort
 =  p]petual rebukes4    ,nev] %\ld !   
mi/ress =get t !re is z mu* dem& =      
c\rtesy 9 h] t]ms ) h] s]vants z 9 any  
o!r relation 9  :i* %e is plac$4 ,?is is
 a fact t is (t5 ov]look$4 ,a woman     
does n make h]self less b m ( a lady by 
prefix+ please to  h] reque/s to h]     
s]vants1 or by rew>d+ a s]vice ) a ^w ( 
?anks4 ,?is s\nds s obvi\s t !          
injunction may seem absurd1 b  a little 
obs]vation ( mi/resses & maids w conv9ce
 any "o t  !re is ne$ = ! advice4 ,9 _m 
h\seholds n only ! mi/ress  b ! ma/] ( !
 home gives ord]s h>%ly & disc\rte\sly1 
&  ! *ildr5 are quick to take _! cue f  
_! eld]s4 ,a degree (  rud5ess is       
p]mitt$ by p>5ts 9 _! *ildr5 t %\ld n   
be tol]at$ = an in/ant4 ,! small boys & 
girls 9 presumably  well-br$ families   

bully & sauce ! s]vants 9 a fa%ion t    
w\ld d cr$it to a gang ( hoodlums 9 a   
t\gh di/rict4 ,sometimes !  p>5ts d n "k
 x1 at o!r times !y "k ( x & d n take  !
 pa9s to correct x4 ,! *ildr5 %\ld be   
taught to %[ c\rtesy  to s]vants z well 
z to any "o else ) :om !y are br\ght    
into contact4 ,! v fact t ! employes are
 n at lib]ty  to retaliate 9 k9d %\ld be
 us$ z an argum5t to tea* !m !  c[>dice 
( insol5ce & unk9dness4    ,:5 c\rtesy  
is giv5 by ! employ]s x seldom fails to 
be accord$  by ! employ$4 ,a c\rte\s    
ord] meets a respectful response1 &1  z 
a rule1 will+ s]vice is m likely to be  
grant$4 ,z a matt] (  c\rse1 ! s]vice is
 9 a way an obligation t is b\ght & paid
  =1 b ! introduction ( a little        
k9dl9ess into ! transaction  does mu* to
 dim9i% friction4 ,ap>t f t1 h[ev]1 !   
c\rtesy  is a duty ! employ] owes       
h]self1 q irrespective ( its effect  ^u 
h] s]vants4    ,:ile repro( %\ld be giv5
 :]e x is ne$$1 ! mi/ress %\ld  nev]    
suff] h]self to neglect ! virtue (      

praise4 ,x is a h>d life  :5 "o's       
%ortcom+s only are recogniz$ & "o's good
 de$s are  tak5 z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,if  
humanity 7 at its highe/ level !  ?\ght 
t ! "w 0 well done w\ld p]haps be en\gh 
to br+  satisfaction1 b z x is1 a ^w (  
comm5dation is grateful to all (  u4 ,x 
is a little ?+ to praise ! late/ bak+ z 
rem>kably good1  to comm5d ! maid :o has
 wait$ exceptionally well at a company  
lun*  or d9n]1 to say a k9dly ^w :5 a   
fault ( he$lessness or neglect  has be5 
correct$2 b su* words z ^! are ! oil t  
greases !  dome/ic ma*9]y4 ,)\t !m x    
runs h>d & dem&s m p[] to  keep x 9     
motion4    ,!re is always ! possibility 
( su* comm5dation be+ giv5 s  (t5 t x   
comes to mean no?+4 ,?is dang] ! mi/ress
 mu/ gu>d  aga9/4 ,!re is also ! *ance t
 ! maid may be ( ! v>iety  ) :om praise 
mu/ be cumulative 9 ord] to produce any 
effect4 ,i  h kn[n "o ( t sort4 ,if h]  
biscuit 7 prais$ once z be+  good1 !y _h
 to be call$ excell5t ! second "t1      
surpass+ !  ?ird1 & s on1 until !       

adjectives applicable to biscuit _h be5 
exhau/$ & ! mi/ress saw d>k gloom on !  
s]vant's face1 & 0  ask$ coldly if !    
biscuit 7 n z good z usual4 ,b su* cases
  z ^! are n common1 & 9 any            
circum/ances ! h\sekeep] mu/  gauge !   
appetite = praise & adm9i/] x ) judgm5t4
    ,sometimes "o meets a presum+ maid  
:o takes advantage ( ! k9dness  ( !     
mi/ress to =ce an undue famili>ity4     
,?is1 too1 mu/ be  wat*$ =1 b !         
possibility ( ?is result does n d away )
  ! desirability ( consid]ation on ! "p 
( ! mi/ress to !  maid4 ,fully z (t5 z  
"o f9ds ?is tr\ble does "o see a fooli% 
mi/ress :o1 tak+ a fancy to a maid1 lets
 ! latt] drift into  a position (       
pseudo-intimacy :i* is h>d to break (f4 
,x is n  probable t ! latt] w\ld h put  
h]self =w>d )\t a  c]ta9 am\nt (        
enc\ragem5t4 ,once 9 a blue moon "o     
meets a pe>l  ( a s]v+-woman :o is wor?y
 ( all ! confid5ce & affection  t c be  
be/[$ ^u h]1 & :o grants to h] employ]s 
an  unselfi% devotion t "o r>ely gets f 

"o's next ( k94 ,su*  cases are few & f>
 betwe51 & bless$ among wom5 is %e :o   
has  su* a treasure 9 h] h\sehold4 ,!   
av]age h\sekeep] %\ld n  be too ready to
 ?9k %e has drawn "o ( ^! prizes 9 !    
dome/ic-s]vice lott]y4 ,if %e goes ahead
 too quickly on ?is  hypo!sis1 %e may h 
an unpleasant awak5+4 ,:5 advances are  
made by ! mi/ress1 & ! maid presumes ^u 
!m1 x is only !  mi/ress :o is to blame 
if ! maid =gets h] place4    ,! mi/ress 
%\ld avoid tak+ sides 9 any controv]sy  
betwe5  s]vants4 ,(t5 !re is a good deal
 ( jeal\sy betwe5 ! employes  9 a       
h\sehold1 & if "o maid is favor$ m ?an  
ano!r !re is  likely to be h>d feel+4   
,?is pitfall mu/ be kept 9 m9d by !     
mi/ress4 ,ev5 )\t express$ pref]5ces =  
"o ov] ! o!r1 %e  is sometimes 9 dang] (
 be+ drawn into qu>rels ! s]vants h     
betwe5 !mselves4 ,almo/ always %e is    
wise to decl9e to esp\se !  "p ( ei!r   
"o4 ,occasionally1 if %e has good       
s]vants :o seem to  misund]/& "o ano!r x
 may be wor? :ile1 = h] own sake z  well

 z = !irs1 to attempt to adju/ diff]5ces
 betwe5 !m4 ,z a  rule1 x is well = h]  
to keep out ( x aft] "o trial has %[n h]
  t h] int]v5tion has work$ no good4    
,nev] %\ld ! mi/ress  be l$ into        
discuss+ "o s]vant ) ano!r1 or li/5+ to 
!  compla9ts t a dome/ic makes ( h]     
fell[-work]s4 ,class-feel+  is /rong]   
?an ! relation ( employ] & employ$1 & ! 
mi/ress  :o takes up ! cause ( "o maid  
aga9/ ano!r is by way ( f9d+  %e has put
 h] f+]s betwe5 ! b>k & ! tree4 ,! two  
employes  are likely to make up ! qu>rel
 & comb9e 9 common cause aga9/  !       
mi/ress4 ,?is does n bespeak any        
especial depravity on _!  "p4 ,!y are   
simply human be+s1 & ! tie t b9ds !m    
toge!r  holds :]e t :i* atta*es !m to ! 
mi/ress fails4 ,!y g )  _! own z %e w\ld
 ) h] own4    ,9 ord] to av]t           
complications x is safe = ! mi/ress to  
give h]  ord]s direct to h] s]vants     
in/ead ( s5d+ !m by "o maid  to ano!r4  
,! latt] c\rse makes room = misund]/&+ &
  recrim9ations4 ,:5 a maid has be5 9 ! 

same employ = a good  :ile1 ?is rule may
 be waiv$1 b :5 %e is new to ! place !re
  %\ld be no g-betwe5 9 ! matt] ( giv+  
directions4 ,! mi/ress  %\ld ann\nce h] 
own ord]s4          ,,iv    ,,! ,,duties
 ,,( ,,! ,,maid-,,(-,,all-,,"w      ,!  
g5]al h\sework s]vant has already be5   
ref]r$ to z a ,pooh ,bah  9 petticoats4 
,%e takes practically all labor = h]    
prov9ce4 ,x  is an illu/ration ( ! value
 ( specialization t z a rule %e  comm&s 
l[] wages = h] s]vices ?an does a maid  
:o fills any "o  alone ( ! functions !  
g5]al h\sework s]vant p]=ms4    ,s9ce ! 
duties ( ! maid-(-all-"w are :at !y are1
 ! mi/ress  %\ld make a /ipulation at ! 
"t ( ! engagem5t t !  employe %\ld be   
ready to turn h] h& to any?+4 ,= x is   
fatal  if %e once beg9s to say t ?is or 
t is n h] "w4 ,t  phrase is res]v$ = !  
use ( ! speciali/4 ,! g5]al s]vant  %\ld
 und]/& t "o ( ! conditions ( h]        
position is  ! necessity = mak+ h]self  
useful 9 e dep>tm5t ( !  h\sehold4      
,?is does n mean t %e is to be a dome/ic

 drudge ( ! ,london  slavey type4 ,%e   
ne$s no w>n+ aga9/ ?is4 ,dome/ic s]vice 
(  a good sort is too h>d to secure 9   
?is c\ntry = !re to be any  dang] ( !   
maid becom+ d[n-trodd5 & impos$ ^u4 ,!  
c\ntry  b\nd-girl may h to submit to    
imposition1 b x w\ld n be  tol]at$ = a  
mom5t by ! ord9>y indep5d5t s]v+-maid4  
,if  !re is dom9ation on ei!r side x is 
m likely to be f\nd on !  "p ( ! maid1  
:o feels ! advantage at :i* %e holds h] 
alleg$  mi/ress4    ,putt+ aside extreme
 cases & turn+ to ! av]age maid &       
mi/ress1 x may be repeat$ t x is        
difficult to def9e )  cle>ness ! exact  
duties ( ! maid-(-all-"w4 ,%e und]/&s t 
%e is to d cook+1 wait+1 & *amb]-"w1 &  
probably wa%+  & iron+4 ,%\ld ! family  
be small %e w p]=m ne>ly all  ^! duties 
h]self--t is1 if ! family live 9 a      
simple fa%ion4  ,%\ld ! h\sehold be     
l>ge1 ! maid may expect a help] ) !     
laundry-"w1 & ! light] h\se-"w w devolve
 ^u ! mi/ress  ( ! h\se or h] daught]s4 
,"o pair ( h&s1 ev5 :5 back$ by a  quick

 head & a will+ he>t1 _c accompli%      
ev]y?+ 9 ! "w  ( ! h\se )\t neglect+ or 
slight+ some?+4 ,! mi/ress (  "o maid   
mu/ recognize ?is & be prep>$ to take h]
 %>e ( !  labor :5 ?is is heavy4 ,:at h]
 "p is to be %e mu/ def9e z  cle>ly z   
possible at ! fir/1 9 ord] t ! maid may 
"k j  :at %e has to d & be able to      
arrange h] occupations to ! be/         
advantage4 ,:5 ! mi/ress does some?+    
outside ( ! duties %e  has assum$1 %e   
%\ld h x ?or\ghly und]/ood t h] act is  
an exception1 p]=m$ = "s specific       
reason4 ,x is v easy to let  ! exception
 glide into a rule1 & :at ! maid receiv$
 at fir/ z  a favor :i* w\ld sp>e h]    
extra toil %e reg>ds lat] z a "r to  :i*
 %e is entitl$4    ,at ! beg9n+1 !      
mi/ress does well to lay out ! r\t9e ( !
  "w ( ! day = ! b5efit ( ! new maid4   
,aft] ! latt]  has le>n$ ! ways ( !     
h\se1 & f9ds t %e c make slight         
alt]ations :i* w r5d] h] "w easi]1 %e   
%\ld be p]mitt$  to d s if ! mi/ress    
f9ds t ! tasks are dis*>g$ z well  z "u 

! e>li] plan4 ,_m a mi/ress ga9s good   
po9ts f  a s]vant1 & ! intellig5t       
h\sekeep]1 kn[+ ?is1 is on !  look\t =  
sugge/ions %e may f9d ( s]vice4         
,c]ta9 regul> duties are practically !  
same ea* day1 no matt] :at  ! o!r "w may
 be4 ,e>ly ris+ %\ld be insi/$ ^u4 ,six 
o'clock  is none too e>ly = a maid to be
 up 9 a h\se :]e breakfa/ is  at        
sev5-?irty or eight o'clock4 ,by half   
aft] six ! maid %\ld be  dress$ &       
d[n-/airs4 ,if ! c>e ( ! furnace falls  
^u h]1 h]  fir/ duty 9 w9t] is to op5 ! 
draughts ( ! furnace & put on  a little 
coal4 ,:ile ?is is k9dl+ %e c g back to 
h] "w  up-/airs4 ,! kit*5 fire mu/ be   
light$1 ! kettle fill$ fre%ly  & set to 
boil1 ! c]eal put ov] ! fire1 be=e !    
maid goes into  ! liv+-rooms to op5 !   
w9d[s4 ,:ile ^! rooms are air+ %e  may  
bru% out ! front hall & sweep (f ! /eps1
 unless !re is  a man engag$ to take c>e
 ( ! outside "w ( ! h\se & to look  aft]
 ! furnace4 ,:5 !re is a gas-/ove1 !    
maid's "w is  mu* simpl]1 & 9 t case %e 

may op5 ! w9d[s & d !  bru%+-up be=e %e 
puts ! kettle to boil4 ,:5 ! furnace    
fire  has come up1 %e may g d[n1 put on 
m coal1 & close ! draughts4    ,9 mo/   
families :]e b "o maid is employ$ !     
mi/ress ( !  h\se du/s h] draw+-room4   
,:5 ?is is ! rule1 ! maid has only  to  
air ! rooms1 /raight5 ! furniture t is  
out ( place1 &  bru% up any scraps or   
du/ t ne$ to be remov$4 ,if ! floors  or
 p>ts ( !m are b>e1 %e %\ld g ov] !m ) a
 damp clo?4  ,%\ld ! family be v small1 
consi/+ ( b two or ?ree p]sons1  x is   
possible = ! maid to d all ! du/+4 ,if  
?is does n  devolve ^u h]1 !re are o!r  
small duties %e c p]=m at ?is  "t1 su* z
 fill+ & clean+ lamps4 ,:5 !re is a     
sitt+-room1  ?is1 too1 %\ld be set 9    
ord]4    ,:atev] else may be po/pon$    
until aft] breakfa/1 ! d9+-room  mu/ n  
be ov]look$4 ,x mu/ be bru%$ up &       
?or\ghly du/$4 ,few  ?+s are m          
de-appetiz+ ?an to sit d[n to ! fir/    
meal (  ! day 9 a room :i* is /ill1 s to
 speak1 9 curl-pap]s4 ,if !  s]vant is  

brisk ab\t h] "w %e c look aft] !       
draw+-room1  halls1 & d9+-room1 & set ! 
table be=e %e has to g back to  ! kit*54
 ,9 h\seholds :]e a heavy breakfa/ is   
s]v$1 or :]e  ! rooms are elaborately   
furni%$1 %e may h to get up e>li]  or   
leave "p ( ! du/+ to be done lat]4 ,b ! 
du/+ ( !  d9+-room mu/ nev] be omitt$4  
,! morn+ tasks may be light5$ a  little 
by sett+ ! breakfa/-table ov]night1 & :5
 ?is is done a  ?9 cov]--a %eet (       
*eese-clo? is excell5t--%\ld be ?r[n    
ov] ! table aft] x is set to protect !  
di%es & o!r  table-furniture f du/4     
,! prep>ation ( ! breakfa/ is ! maid's  
next duty4 ,! ext5t (  ! "w ?is involves
 v>ies1 ( c\rse1 9 diff]5t h\seholds4 ,9
  "s homes ! old-fa%ion$ ,am]ican       
breakfa/ ( hot meat or fi%1  w>m bread1 
& potatoes cook$ 9 "s =m is /ill        
pres]v$4 ,o!r  families h adopt$ a      
modification ( ! ,cont95tal breakfa/1 & 
f9d all !y ne$ = ! morn+ meal 9 fruit1 a
 c]eal1 rolls or  toa/1 eggs or bacon1 &
 c(fee4 ,! latt] breakfa/ simplifies !  

"w ( ! h\sehold1 b x is n popul>        
ev]y:]e4 ,:atev] !  breakfa/1 x %\ld be 
9 read9ess at ! h\r appo9t$1 if !       
memb]s ( ! family are on h& or n4 ,x ne$
 n be s]v$ until x  is ord]$1 b x %\ld  
be entirely ready4 ,:5 all ! p]sons 9 a 
h\sehold c reconcile !mselves to        
breakfa/+ toge!r1 x makes  "w easi] &   
saves "t4 ,%\ld !y f9d x impossible to  
p>take (  x 9 h>mony z well z 9 unison1 
& ea* "o eats alone1 x r5d]s  ! meal a m
 prolong$ function4 ,"u su*             
circum/ances1 ! food  may be kept hot = 
! t>dy ones & !y may be grant$ !        
privilege  ( gett+ x = !mselves f !     
kit*5 :5 !y arrive1 in/ead  ( imp$+     
progress by mak+ ! duties ( ! day yield 
to _!  conv5i5ce4    ,! fruit-c\rse may 
be on ! table :5 ! family is summon$4   
,at  breakfa/ !y usually d = !mselves   
su* wait+ z pass+ plates1  cups &       
sauc]s1 & ! l4 ,a plate & f+]-b[l may be
 9 front  ( ea* p]son1 & ! porridge-b[l 
& sauc] may be close by also1  if x is  
desirable to simplify ! s]vice4 ,or ^!  

di%es may be on  ! s]v+-table or        
sidebo>d1 & ! maid may put !m on ! table
  ) ! c]eal :5 %e comes 9 to take out ! 
fruit-plates4 ,aft]  ! c]eal-di%es h be5
 remov$ & ! re/ ( ! breakfa/  s]v$1 !   
maid may be excus$ to g ab\t h] o!r "w4 
,! "t  ( h] own breakfa/ may be settl$  
by ! mi/ress & h]self4 ,!  s5sible c\rse
 is = ! maid to eat some?+ & take a cup 
( tea  or c(fee 9 ! int]vals ( h] e>ly  
"w1 b !re are few s]vants  :o c be      
p]suad$ to d ?is4 ,if ! maid pref]s %e c
 take h]  breakfa/ :ile ! family is     
eat+1 b mo/ maids & mi/resses seem  to  
f9d x m conv5i5t to dispose ( ! b$room  
"w z e>ly z  possible4    ,:5 ?is is !  
case ! maid %\ld g to ! *amb]s z soon z 
!  sub/antial "p ( ! breakfa/ is on !   
table4 ,! occupants (  ! b$s %\ld h     
/ripp$ ^! on ris+ & op5$ ! w9d[s  on    
leav+ ! rooms4 ,if ?is has be5 done !   
b$clo?+ has _h a  *ance to air4 ,9 ord] 
t su* air+ may be adequately done1 !    
cov]s %\ld be tak5 f ! b$ & spread      
across a c\ple (  *airs plac$ back to   

back4 ,! cov]s mu/ n drag on ! floor4 ,!
  mattresses %\ld be beat5 & turn$ back 
ov] ! foot ( ! b$  t ! air may rea* !m f
 bo? sides4 ,to fre%5 !m ?or\ghly1  !y  
%\ld be left ?us1 ! w9d[s op51 = f      
fifte5 m9utes to  half an h\r4 ,:ile ?is
 is go+ on ! rooms may be bru%$ or gone 
ov] ) a c>pet-sweep]--n ?or\ghly swept3 
?is comes at ano!r  "t4 ,! b$s may n[ be
 made & ! du/+ done4    ,9 a small      
family x is tak5 = grant$ t ! maid %\ld 
d ?is  "w1 b 9 a h\sehold ( m ?an two or
 ?ree x is cu/om>y =  ! wom5 ( ! family 
to look aft] ! b$s4 ,9 t case ! maid    
ne$ only bru% up ! rooms1 /rip ! b$s1 & 
empty soil$ wat]1  leav+ ! re/ ( !      
up-/airs "w undone :ile %e goes back to 
! kit*54 ,%e may n[ take h] own breakfa/
 if %e has n _h x  e>li]1 & cle> !      
table4 ,aft] e meal ! di%es %\ld be     
remov$ f ! table z soon z possible4 ,!y 
%\ld be c>ri$ into  ! kit*5 or ! butl]'s
 pantry1 ! clo? bru%$--nev] %ak5--&     
fold$1 & ! d9+-room put 9 ord]1 ! crumbs
 bru%$ f ab\t  ! table1 ! *airs put 9 _!

 places1 ! room d>k5$1 if x is  w>m     
wea!r4 ,if ! mi/ress ( ! h\se du/s !    
*amb]s1 ! maid  may n[ wa% ! di%es2 if  
n1 %e may scrape !m & leave !m to  soak 
9 w>m wat] :ile %e goes back to h] du/+ 
& cleans &  arranges ! ba?-room4    ,to 
clean ! ba?-room prop]ly1 !re %\ld      
always be a bottle  ( h\sehold ammonia  
at h&1 "o ( =ty p] c5t4 solution (      
=maldehyde or o!r good dis9fectant1 a   
c\ple ( clo?s1 a  long-h&l$ bru%1 & a   
scrubb+-bru%4 ,x is also well to h a c  
( conc5trat$ lye or "o ( ! prep>ations l
 x :i* w cut  accumulations 9           
wa/e-pipes4 ,! h&-bas91 tub1 & closet   
%\ld  be sc\r$ out ea* morn+1 !         
dra9-pipes flu%$ twice a week )  wat] to
 :i* has be5 add$ =maldehyde or ! lye4  
,! =m]  is admirable = remov+ /a9s &    
deposits1 b if ^! are v  ob/9ate !      
=maldehyde mu/ be left 9 ! bas9         
ov]night4  ,! long-h&l$ bru% enables !  
maid to clean ! closet bas9             
satisfactorily4 ,ammonia on ! clo? us$ 9
 wa%+ ! tub & bas9  w remove greasy     

deposits4 ,! nickel fitt+s & woodwork   
mu/ be  wip$ (f1 ! soap-di%es &         
too?-bru% racks wa%$4 ,! vessels  us$ 9 
! b$rooms mu/ be cleans$ 9 ! same mann]1
 !  wat]-pit*]s r9s$ out & fill$ fre% e 
day1 & ! slop-j>s  & commodes scald$    
daily4    ,! l95-closet %\ld be 9 ! *>ge
 ( ! mi/ress ( ! h\se1  & ! maid %\ld h 
no?+ to d ) giv+ out fre% l95 =  ! b$s  
or t[els = ! ba?-room4    ,:5 ! ba?-room
 "w is f9i%$1 ! maid may return to !    
kit*51  wa% & put away ! di%es1 & get ! 
kit*5 & pantries 9 ord]4  ,! maid :o    
takes prop] c>e ( h] *9a1 glass1 & silv]
 w  r9se h] di%es ?or\ghly 9 "o wat] &  
!n wa% !m 9 hot suds1  ! glass fir/1 !n 
! silv]1 & !n ! *9a1 dry+ ea* piece  z x
 comes f ! suds4 ,! breakfa/-di%es wa%$1
 ! di%-t[els  %\ld be rubb$ out4 ,once a
 day !y %\ld be boil$4    ,?is is ! "t  
:5 ! mi/ress inspects ! cont5ts ( !     
refrig]ator & decides :at %all be !     
meals = ! day4 ,ei!r  be=e or aft] su*  
inspection ! maid mu/ wipe (f ! %elves (
  ! ice-box1 & ?ree times a week x mu/  

be sc\r$ out ) hot  wat] & wa%+-soda4   
,! g5]al "w ( ! h\se--( :i* m lat]--is  
und]tak5 n[1  & aft] x comes !          
prep>ation ( ! mid-day lun*eon4 ,at ?is 
meal  little wait+ is requir$4 ,! table 
is set z = breakfa/4 ,if !  "w is       
prop]ly manag$ !re %\ld be no heavy     
tasks = ! maid to  accompli% 9 !        
aft]noon1 except on wa%+ & iron+ days4  
,%e may  p]haps att5d to "s light "w l !
 poli%+ ( silv]1 b1  if h] duties are   
arrang$ z !y %\ld be & %e is brisk 9 _! 
p]=mance1 %e ought to be able to h a    
little "t to h]self 9  ! aft]noon4 ,!   
prep>ation ( d9n] is seldom und]tak5    
until  aft] f\r o'clock 9 h\ses :]e d9n]
 is s]v$ at sev54    ,! maid is expect$ 
to dis*>ge ! "w ( a regul> waitress at  
d9n]1 s f> z s]v+ ! di%es1 pass+ plates1
 & ! l are  conc]n$4 ,%e is n requir$ to
 rema9 9 ! room1 b to come :5  rung =4  
,h] "w ( cle>+ away & wa%+ di%es is     
practically  ! same aft] lun*eon & d9n] 
z aft] breakfa/4    ,! usual co/ume ( ! 
maid-(-all-"w 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! day  is a 

neat wa%-frock & :ite apron4 ,:ile wait+
 at table %e %\ld  we> a cap4 ,%e %\ld h
 a color$ apron on :5 work+ 9 !  kit*51 
b !re %\ld always be a fre% :ite apron  
at h& = h]  to slip on :5 %e answ]s !   
bell4 ,:5 %e dresses to wait at d9n]  %e
 %\ld put on a black frock1 :ite coll> &
 apron & cap4 ,s9ce  %e mu/ we> ! frock 
9 ! kit*51 x is bett] to h x ( wa%      
goods4 ,! mi/ress %\ld be 9 read9ess to 
answ] ! bell :5 !  maid is dress+ =     
d9n]1 or :5 %e is at ! wa%-tub or do+   
any o!r "w x is difficult = h] to leave4
 ,a great deal (  consid]ation is dem&$ 
( bo? mi/ress & maid :5 !re is b  "o    
s]vant & ! family desires to live       
da9tily & 9 accordance  ) good =m4    ,a
 g5]al outl9e ( ! daily "w has ?us be5  
giv51 b ea* day  mu/ h its %>e ( !      
week's duties4 ,by g5]al cons5t ,monday 
&  ,tuesday are giv5 ov] to wa%+ &      
iron+1 & on ^! days1 unless  a laundress
 is hir$ to help1 ! mi/ress ( ! h\se mu/
 take *>ge  ( ! *amb]-"w & ( all ! du/+1
 &1 if ! wa% is l>ge1  w p]haps feel x  

well to wa% ! di%es aft] breakfa/1 & to 
l5d a h& 9 ! prep>ation ( lun*eon4 ,!   
plan practis$ 9 "s  h\ses ( hav+ all !  
sweep+ done on ,friday is op5 to        
criticism4  ,ev5 if !re is bak+ to be   
done on ,w$nesday1 a portion (  ! sweep+
 or o!r clean+ may also be accompli%$   
!n4 ,!  d9+-room or draw+-room1 z be+   
ne> ! kit*51 may be clean$  on ! days :5
 ! maid mu/ wat* h] cook+ closely4      
,?is me?od ( apportion+ ! "w has mu* to 
comm5d x4 ,wa%+  w9d[s is tiresome1 & ! 
maid w feel x less if %e does a few  e  
day ?an if %e gives a :ole morn+ or     
aft]noon to !m4 ,!  sc\r+ ( l>ge pieces 
( brass or silv] & ! clean+ ( pa9t x  is
 well to dis*>ge all at "o "t1 & ?is may
 be done on ,?ursday1  :ile ! sweep+ ( !
 b$rooms & clean+ ( ! upp] "p (  ! h\se 
may be res]v$ = ,friday4 ,! woodwork    
ab\t ! doorknobs  %\ld be wip$ (f1 !    
/airs bru%$ d[n1 & ! halls gone ov]  ) !
 c>pet-sweep] daily1 & ! h\se1 f top to 
bottom1 swept  well at lea/ once a week4
          ,v    ,,duties ,,( ,,two ,,or 

,,m ,,s]vants      ,) specialization 9 !
 h\sehold come complications4 ,! manual 
labor ( ! mi/ress may be less5$ :5 %e   
adds to h] dome/ic  =ce1 b ) e new maid 
%e assumes m responsibilities4 ,%e  has 
to recon/ruct ! sy/em to :i* %e _h      
become accu/om$ :5  %e employ$ b "o     
s]vant1 & v (t5 ! :ole tone ( !         
e/abli%m5t is *ang$ f :at x 0 9 ! days  
to :i* %e  sometimes looks back z       
comp>atively c>e free4    ,yet ) !      
increase 9 a family or ) an alt]ation 9 
! mode (  liv+ additional s]vice becomes
 necess>y1 &1 unless ! h\sekeep]  is ( !
 type :o takes life h>d1 !re is no      
reason :y %e  %\ld n soon adapt h]self  
to ! new conditions4 ,z 9 all o!r       
circum/ances :]e %e mu/ make plans = h] 
dome/ics1 %e %\ld  h h] s*eme ( action  
cle> 9 h] own m9d be=e %e gives x to  h]
 s]vants4 ,vacillation & unc]ta9ty on ! 
"p ( ! mi/ress  %ake ! maid's confid5ce 
9 ! judgm5t ( ! rul+ bra91 &  dispose h]
 to "q decisions & to neglect ! duties  
:i* %e  ?9ks d n /rike ev5 ! mi/ress z  

absolutely ess5tial4    ,x is h>d to    
*ange ! me?od ( "w :5 ! =m] g5]al       
h\sehold s]vant is put into ! place (   
cook or waitress & a second  maid       
engag$4 ,! =m] factotum is likely to    
criticise ! way 9  :i* h] late duties   
are p]=m$1 & p]haps to feel t ! lion's  
%>e /ill falls to h]4 ,s1 unless x is an
 exceptionally compet5t  maid :o has be5
 do+ all ! "w1 x is usually well to beg9
 a new  deal ( ?is sort by gett+ two    
maids & divid+ ! "w betwe5  !m f !      
outset4    ,! duties assign$ to !       
diff]5t dome/ics 9 a h\se :]e two or  m 
s]vants are employ$ are n easy to def9e 
explicitly4 ,!y mu/  be det]m9$ l>gely  
by ! individual wants & conditions4 ,!  
size  ( ! family1 ! arrangem5t ( ! h\se1
 ! /yle ( liv+1  ! fact ( !re be+ small 
*ildr5 9 ! home1 all sugge/             
modifications ( any g5]al outl9e4       
,!re=e1 ! s*$ule (  ord9>y h\sehold     
duties foll[+ mu/ be subord9ate to !    
conditions m5tion$1 & also to !         
capabilities ( ! individual  s]vant4 ,9 

a h\sehold :]e m ?an "o s]vant is       
employ$ x is  desirable t !re %\ld be f 
! beg9n+ z cle> z possible  an und]/&+ (
 ! duties to be dis*>g$1 s9ce ) !       
specialization comes a dis9cl9ation to  
und]take any "w outside (  ! p>ticul>   
l9e = :i* ! s]vant 0 employ$4 ,9 !      
h\sehold  ( m ?an "o s]vant !re is a    
/rong probability t !  /atem5t1 ,i 0 n  
engag$ to d ?is k9d ( "w1 w be he>d1    
soon] or lat]4    ,x seems absurd t ,i  
%\ld employ a man-s]vant besides !      
coa*man  & ! g>d5]1 said a h\sekeep] to 
me ! o!r day4 ,i h  pl5ty ( maids1 &1 z 
ne>ly z ,i c make out1 ,i took on ?is   
extra  man = ! sake ( hav+ him sweep (f 
! /one plat=m 9 front  ( ! por* /eps4 ,x
 0 nobody's "w4 ,! waitress said %e did 
n  hire to d outside "w1 & ! coa*man    
said x _h no?+ to d  ) 8 "w4 ,x 0 n !   
g>d5]'s bus9ess1 & !y 7 all s  /r5u\s   
ab\t x t ,i told my husb& ,i seem$ to be
 ! only "o  to ^: lot x really fell by  
rights to keep t plat=m clean4 ,!re  0 s
 mu* discussion ov] x t ,i f9ally hir$ a

 h\seman = !  especial purpose ( hav+ t 
plat=m swept4 ,( c\rse1 he looks  aft] !
 furnace & bru%es (f ! por* & wa%es     
w9d[s &  does o!r ?+s ( t sort1 b !y are
 m]ely incid5ts4 ,! real  reason ,i keep
 him is s t my husb& or ,i won't h to   
sweep t  plat=m6    ,be>+ 9 m9d !       
possibility ( su* complications1 !      
mi/ress  %\ld tell h] second maid :5 %e 
engages h] t %e may h to  p]=m o!r tasks
 ?an ^? :i* lie exactly )9 an ov]-rigid 
conception ( h] duties4 ,if ?is is      
und]/ood f ! />t x av]ts  lat]          
annoyance4    ,9 a family ( adults :]e  
two maids are kept1 ^! are usually !    
cook & ! waitress & *amb]maid4 ,unless  
"s special provision has  be5 made to t 
effect1 ! cook does no?+ outside ( !    
kit*5  9 ! e>ly morn+4 ,%e may p]haps   
take c>e ( ! furnace 7?is  w\ld be h]   
fir/ duty :5 %e came d[n-/airs71 & x is 
also  possible t %e may bru% (f ! front 
/eps & sidewalk1 b  ) t h] extra        
kit*5-"w ceases = ! mom5t4 ,%e gets  !  
breakfa/ & %\ld be up e>ly en\gh to d   

?is1 bru% up h]  kit*51 & p]haps make   
prep>ations = cook+ t is to be done     
lat] 9 ! day4 ,aft] breakfa/ %e may     
assi/ ! waitress to wa%  ! di%es4 ,?is  
dep5ds ^u ! "w ! latt] has to d4    ,^u 
! waitress comes ! "w ( op5+ & air+ !   
liv+-rooms1  bru%+ out ! halls1 sweep+  
d[n ! /airs1 & du/+ ! rooms4  ,all ?is  
%\ld be done be=e breakfa/1 & 9 ord] to 
a*ieve  ?is1 ! waitress mu/ rise z e>ly 
z ! cook4 ,z ) ! g5]al  h\sework maid1 !
 h\r ( ris+ %\ld be n lat] ?an six :5   
breakfa/ is at half-aft] sev5 or eight4 
,9 mo/ homes x is cu/om>y to excuse !   
waitress z soon z !  pr9cipal "p ( !    
breakfa/ has be5 s]v$1 t %e may g ab\t  
h] *amb]-"w & be ready to come d[n to h]
 breakfa/ by ! "t  ! family has f9i%$4  
,be=e %e goes to h] own meal %e cle>s  !
 d9+-room table & takes ! di%es into !  
kit*5 or butl]'s  pantry4    ,ev5 if !  
*amb]maid is compet5t1 x is well = !    
mi/ress to  make x possible to ent] !   
b$rooms occasionally :ile "w is go+  on 
!re to make sure t x is all be+         

accompli%$ prop]ly4 ,x  is easy = ! be/ 
employes to drift into c>eless habits1 &
 !  details ( b$-mak+ are too (t5       
neglect$4 ,"u no circum/ances  %\ld !   
mi/ress delegate ! c>e ( h] l95-closet  
to a s]vant4  ,%e h]self %\ld lay out ! 
l95 t is to be us$1 tak+ x out  9 a     
c]ta9 r\t9e s t x may all be worn alike4
 ,on ! days :5  ! b$s are to be *ang$1  
%e %\ld select ! %eets1 pill[-slips1    
spreads1 etc41 be=e %e goes d[n to      
breakfa/1 t ! *amb]maid  may n be h9d]$ 
9 h] "w4 ,clean t[els %\ld also be giv5 
out  by ! mi/ress4 ,9 a v l>ge          
e/abli%m5t1 or 9 ! case ( an            
exceptionally tru/wor?y maid1 ?is "w may
 p]haps be safe 9 !  h&s ( "s "o besides
 ! mi/ress1 b1 simple z is ! task1 x    
requires a discretion & famili>ity ) !  
h\sehold supplies t  only ! mi/ress is  
likely to possess4    ,aft] ! waitress  
has _h h] breakfa/ %e returns & f9i%es  
any  "w %e has left undone 9 ! b$rooms4 
,x is possible %e may n  h _h "t to du/ 
prop]ly1 or t ! du/ _h n _h a *ance to  

settle aft] %e gave ! room its morn+    
bru%+4 ,! ba?-room1  too1 is att5d$ to  
at ?is "t4 ,aft] ?is ! waitress wa%es ! 
breakfa/-di%es4 ,be=e %e left ! kit*5   
aft] h] own breakfa/  %e %\ld h scrap$ !
 di%es & put !m 9 soak4 ,?is w  less5 ! 
"w ( wa%+-up :5 %e comes d[n4 ,if !re is
 a special  arrangem5t by :i* ! cook    
wa%es ! di%es1 ! waitress is free  = o!r
 "w4 ,sometimes ! di%-wa%+ is divid$1 ! 
cook tak+  *>ge ( ! di%es 9 :i* ! food  
has be5 s]v$1 :ile !  waitress looks    
aft] ! glass1 silv]1 & ! f9] *9a4 ,x is 
n  easy to apportion ! "w 9 ?is fa%ion  
if ! di%-wa%+ is  all done 9 ! kit*51 b 
:]e !re is a butl]'s pantry x is        
comp>atively simple4 ,9 ?is case ! f9e  
tablew>e %\ld nev] g  into ! kit*5 at   
all4 ,?is plan light5s ! "w ( ! waitress
 &  makes h] responsible = ! m delicate 
d9+-room w>e4    ,a ^w "h ab\t !        
di%-wa%+4 ,if ! maid is op5 to sugge/ion
  ! "t %e takes to d h] di%es may be    
%ort5$4 ,! g5]al  habit ( s]vants is to 
leave all ! di%es until ! entire meal is

  conclud$ & !n attack ! m\nta9 t has   
accumulat$4 ,mu* "t  c be sav$ if !y w  
wa% ! di%es z !y come f ! table4  ,z a  
matt] ( c\rse1 ?is _c be done 9 a family
 :]e !  waitress is requir$ to rema9 9 !
 room dur+ ! entire meal4 ,b  ?is is    
seldom ! practice 9 ! av]age home1 :5   
only ! family  is pres5t4 ,!re is a     
pref]5ce = :at "s "o has call$          
unexpurgat$ meals1 & ! fre$om (         
conv]sation t is n  possible :5 s]vants 
are pres5t4 ,if ?is is ! case1 x is an  
easy  matt] = ! waitress to wa% !       
s\p-plates :ile ! heavie/  c\rse ( !    
meal is be+ eat51 & to get "s ( ! di%es 
( !  second c\rse out ( ! way :ile !    
family is discuss+ ! salad4  ,9 a l>ge  
family all ! *9a may n be wa%$ !n1 b !  
silv]  at lea/ & "s ( ! small] pieces   
may be clean & out ( ! way  by ! "t !   
meal is at an end4 ,! sci5ce t is kn[n z
 mak+  ! head save ! heels is n und]/ood
 & appreciat$ by !  av]age maid1 & if %e
 c\ld receive & apply a little          
in/ruction  along ^! l9es %e w\ld f9d h]

 h\rs ( "w %ort5$ & h]  toil light5$4   
,if ! butl]'s pantry adjo9s ! d9+-room  
too  closely1 x is n always feasible to 
wa% di%es :ile ! family is  eat+1 unless
 x c be done s c>efully t unpleasant    
clatt] is  sp>$4 ,b a little ?\ght &    
skill giv5 to ! matt] w usually  less5 !
 labor ( wa%+-up aft] a long meal4      
,to return to ! r\t9e ( "w4 ,except :5  
!re is a great deal (  cook+ done x is  
well to arrange to h ! cook take a %>e 9
 !  sweep+4 ,:at "p ?is %all be         
circum/ances mu/ decide4 ,%e  may sweep 
! fir/ floor1 includ+ d9+-room1         
draw+-room1  sitt+-room1 & halls1 once a
 week4 ,or !re may be a day on :i* %e   
goes up-/airs & gives ! b$rooms a ?or\gh
 sweep+4 ,aga91 x may  be /ipulat$ :5 %e
 is engag$ t %e is to wa% ! w9d[s4 ,if  
"o set ( ^! tasks devolves ^u h] x      
leaves ! waitress m  free = h] special  
duties4 ,^! v>y1 accord+ to ! size ( !  
family4 ,:5 ?is consi/s ( b two or ?ree 
memb]s1 ! second maid  %\ld h "t 9 a    
small h\se to keep ev]y?+ 9 h] doma9 9  

p]fect ord] & ev5 to d a little ( !     
m5d+4 ,if ! family is  l>g] %e w h      
leisure = no?+ outside ( h] regul>      
duties1  & ! case w be ! same if !re is 
a good deal ( ent]ta9+  done4    ,"o "p 
( ! daily "w ( ! waitress is to take c>e
 ( ! lamps1  clean+ & fill+ ^!4 ,:5 dusk
 draws on %e %\ld light ^!  & ! gas1    
pull d[n ! %ades1 & make ! liv+-rooms   
ready =  ! ev5+4 ,x is also ! "w ( !    
second maid to put ! b$rooms  9 ord] = !
 night1 clos+ ! bl9ds1 turn+ d[n ! b$s1 
remov+ spreads & day-pill[s1 & br++ ic$ 
wat] to ea* room  ! la/ ?+ be=e %e goes 
to b$ h]self4    ,9 po9t ( fact1 ! "w ( 
! waitress is ne>ly z g5]al 9  its      
nature z t ( ! maid-(-all-"w4 ,%e att5ds
 ! door1 z a  matt] ( c\rse1 answ]s !   
bells f ! *amb]s or draw+-room1  br+s   
hot wat] to ! b$rooms 9 ! morn+1 prep>es
 & c>ries 9  ! aft]noon tea-tray1 & mu/ 
be on ! al]t to see t ! h\se  is 9      
spick-&-span ord]4 ,%e has ! *>ge ( !   
silv]1 keep+ x  clean & poli%+ !        
brasses4 ,= ea* ( ^! especial duties %e 

%\ld h a regul> "t1 & ! mi/ress %\ld see
 t ! sy/em  %e put into practice :5 %e  
_h b "o s]vant is foll[$ out aft]  %e   
has add$ to h] h\sehold =ce4 ,all ! du/+
 falls to ! c>e  ( ! waitress1 unless ! 
mi/ress pref]s to res]ve = h]self !     
h&l+ ( curios & *oice bric--brac4 ,!    
cook may sweep1 b x is  ! waitress :o   
foll[s h] ) a du/-clo? & :o scrubs !    
pa9t  & wipes (f /ray f+]-m>ks f m\ld+s 
& w9d[-panes4    ,:5 !re is a *ild 9 !  
h\se1 & ! second maid unites !  (fices (
 nurse & waitress1 h] "w mu/ be divid$  
diff]5tly4 ,%e  may d ! *amb]-"w1 b %e  
_c be expect$ to wa% ! di%es  unless !  
"m or "s o!r memb] ( ! family assumes ! 
c>e  ( ! infant :ile ! nurse is o!rwise 
employ$4 ,nor c %e be  held responsible 
= all ! details t w\ld fall to h] 7  %e 
waitress1 pure & simple4 ,:5 a nurse is 
employ$ z well z a  waitress1 h] "w is  
usually absolutely sep>ate f t ( ! o!r  
maid4 ,%e may d sew+ & ! baby's wa%+1   
help make ! b$s1 &  l5d a h& on !       
aft]noons & ev5+s out ( ! o!r maids1 b  

%e has little or no?+ to d ) ! g5]al "w 
( ! h\se4    ,if ! cook has ?us f>      
receiv$ slight] att5tion ?an ! waitress1
  x is because h] "w is s mu* m closely 
conf9$ to "o  dep>tm5t t x requires less
 m9ute consid]ation4 ,%e prep>es !      
meals1 takes *>ge ( ! kit*51 cell>1 &   
pantries1 inspects !  latt] & !         
refrig]ator e morn+ 9 company ) !       
mi/ress  ( ! h\se1 & reigns supreme 9 ! 
l[] realms4 ,9 small families  :]e two  
s]vants are employ$ ! cook usually is   
laundress z well4  ,9 t case ! waitress 
g5]ally takes "p ( ! cook's "w on  wa%+ 
& iron+ days1 prep>+ ! lun*eon on ^?    
days1 wa%+  all ! di%es1 & keep+ ! kit*5
 9 ord]4 ,! waitress (t5  assi/s ) ! f9e
 iron+ on ,tuesday4 ,cook & waitress    
relieve ea*  o!r on _! days out4 ,! cook
 waits on table :5 ! waitress  goes out 
& att5ds ! door1 unless ! mi/ress *ooses
 to d ?is  h]self4 ,:5 ! cook takes h]  
holiday ! waitress assumes h]  duties4  
,:5 ! h\sekeep] has a =ce ( m ?an two   
s]vants !  complications ?ick51 s9ce ) !

 introduction ( ea* new maid  comes m   
specialization4 ,unless ! new s]vant is 
engag$ because !  family is s l>ge t !  
"w is too heavy = two maids1 or because 
( ! ne$ ( a special s]vant1 z a nurse1 !
 addition is usually  due to increas$   
elaboration 9 ! way ( liv+1 & ?is1 (    
c\rse1  subdivides specialization /ill m
 z well z raises ! scale (  wages4 ,!   
pr(ess$ cook1 :o does no?+ b cook &     
dem&s a  help] or scull]y-maid1 gets    
high] pay ?an ! g5]al cook :o does  !   
wa%+ & iron+ or ! "o :o may refuse to d 
laundry-"w  b yet und]takes all ! labor 
( ! kit*54 ,! waitress :o  und]/&s !    
s]vice ( w9es & is an adept at h&l+ l>ge
  d9n]s & lun*eons1 dem&s--& gets--l>ge 
wages & feels h]  dignity to an ext5t t 
makes h] cl+ t5aci\sly to ! rights &    
privileges ( h] position4    ,! av]age  
,am]ican h\sehold :i* employs s]vants--&
 !re is a  surpris+ly l>ge proportion ( 
! sum total :o keep no s]vant at        
all--is cont5t$ ) "o1 two1 or1 at ! mo/1
 ?ree s]vants4 ,!  ?ird may be a nurse1 

z ,i h said1 or a laundress1 :o1 besides
 h]  wa%+ & iron+1 does ! *amb]-"w & ?us
 leaves ! waitress  free = h] especial  
tasks 9 ! d9+-room & = ! duties (  a    
p>lor-maid4 ,! laundress may also wa%   
w9d[s or help 9 o!r  clean+4 ,or ! ?ird 
s]vant may be seam/ress & *amb]maid &  h
 no?+ to d ) ! d9+-room or ) ! kit*5    
unless %e  fills "o ( ^! places on ! day
 (f ( ! regul> incumb5t4    ,9 a book t 
deals ) ! "w ( ! maid-s]vant x is n wor?
  :ile to g into ! duties ( ! man-s]vant
 or to t\* ^u !  possibilities ( *ange  
lat5t 9 ! introduction ( ,japanese &    
,*9ese s]vice4 ,t all has its "p 9 !    
dome/ic labor problem1  b ?is is n !    
opportunity = discuss+ ?is phase ( !    
s]vant  "q4          ,,vi    ,,c]ta9    
,,problems ,,( ,,s]vice      ,! t5d5cy  
to introduce ! we>+ ( liv]y into dome/ic
 s]vice  has gr[n )9 ! pa/ few ye>s4    
,!re are /ill _m prote/s  aga9/ x1 &    
writ]s are f\nd :o decl>e ! cap & apron 
( !  h\semaid a badge ( s]vitude4 ,b !  
gr[? ( ! liv]y has be5  univ]sal1 &     

implies no m degradation 9 "o relation (
 life  ?an 9 ano!r4 ,! public s]vant1   
:e!r he be policeman or  /reet-clean] or
 motorman or c> conductor or :at y w1   
takes 8  uni=m z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,!    
%op-girl1 :o (t5 prides h]self  on      
belong+ to a high] social class ?an !   
liv+-out girl1 does  n feel disgrac$ if 
9 ! big dep>tm5t /ore :]e %e works %e   
is expect$ to con=m to ! rules ( !      
e/abli%m5t & don a black  g[n & a :ite  
coll>4 ,! tra9$ nurse does n feel x an  
indignity  to we> a cap4 ,9 tru?1 !re is
 a great deal ( nons5se talk$ ab\t  !   
liv]y ( ! s]vant-girl4 ,i h kn[n s5sible
 "y wom5--at  lea/ !y 7 s5sible 9 ev]y?+
 else--:o w\ld flatly refuse to  we> a  
pretty & becom+ cap1 & w\ld give up !   
*ance ( a good  place soon] ?an put "o  
on4    ,! girl :o surveys matt]s ) an   
unprejudic$ view w recognize  a pretty  
little cap z an uncommonly becom+       
adjunct to h] dress4 ,%e  w also        
appreciate ! fact t %e looks mu* neat] )
 h] fly+  locks tuck$ back "u a cap ?an 

%e w\ld ) ! /ray tresses  w&]+ ov] a    
=ehead t is heat$ by brisk "w4 ,rightly 
consid]$1 ! cap is no m>k ( s]vitude1 & 
has a reason =  its exi/5ce 9 ! add$    
neatness & fre%ness x imp>ts to !       
work+-girl's g>b4    ,?is1 inde$1 is !  
:ole object ( ! liv]y4 ,:5 ! maid is  at
 "w %e %\ld be dress$ 9 a mann] t is    
suitable = h]  employm5t4 ,9 ! morn+ :5 
%e is to be busy ) h] h\sework1  9 & out
 ( ! kit*51 h&l+ a broom & du/-clo?1 h] 
dress  %\ld be a neat pr9t4 ,9 h\ses :]e
 ! mi/ress provides !  work+-frocks ( ! 
maids1 z is sometimes done1 %e c h ^!   
frocks made all 9 "o piece1 b 9 !       
majority ( homes1 :]e  b "o or two maids
 are kept1 !y dress !mselves4 ,"u ^!    
circum/ances !y _c be expect$ to con=m  
to any especial color  or /yle1 & w     
probably we> %irtwai/s & skirts4 ,x is a
 pity if  ! skirts are d>k wooll5 goods1
 because ^! ga!r du/ & reta9  ! odors ( 
cook]y1 b a l>ge apron w protect !      
skirt1 &  wa%+ is sav$ to ! maid if h]  
:ole g[n is n ( a light  mat]ial4 ,%e is

 wise if %e we>s a l>ge sweep+-cap 9 !  
morn+  :5 %e is busy at "w t is likely  
to make du/1 b ?is c be  ex*ang$ = a    
small] cap :5 ! r\gh] p>ts ( h] labor   
are out  ( ! way4    ,= ! aft]noon1 :5 x
 is feasible1 ! maid1 :e!r %e be !      
maid-(-all-"w :o dis*>ges ! functions ( 
bo? cook & waitress1  or ! s]vant :o is 
waitress & p>lor-maid1 %\ld1 if         
correctly  dress$1 we> a black frock )  
:ite coll> & cuffs1 & a :ite bib  apron4
 ,! latt] may be a little m elaborately 
trimm$ ?an t %e  has on 9 ! morn+4 ,9   
fact1 ) a morn+ apron %e may disp5se  ) 
! bib altoge!r & we> only a pla91 l>ge  
apron4 ,"s  mi/resses dem& ! broad      
coll>1 al?\gh ! cuffs may be omitt$4  ,i
 say :5 x is feasible ! maid %\ld make  
?is *ange1 because  x is n always ! mo/ 
conv5i5t ?+ 9 ! _w = ! maid :o  has to d
 ! cook+ ( ! d9n] be=e %e s]ves x to be 
9 h]  black frock all ! aft]noon4 ,%e   
may look neat 9 h] g+ham wai/  & skirt1 
& !n1 :5 %e gets ev]y?+ 9 ord] = ! d9n]1
  %e may slip away to h] room = a m9ute 

& get into ! black wai/4  ,! waitress :o
 has no kit*5 "w is usually expect$ to h
 on h]  black wai/ soon aft] lun*eon 9  
ord] to be ready to answ] ! bell        
prop]ly dress$4 ,! absolutely correct   
cu/om dem&s t %e %\ld  be 9 ?is g>b be=e
 lun*eon is s]v$1 b ?is rule is n foll[$
  9 ! av]age h\sehold4    ,!re are _m   
ob/acles 9 ! way ( /rict en=cem5t (     
v>i\s  regulations :i* are insi/$ ^u z  
ess5tial by ^? :o endeavor  to make !   
social by-laws4 ,to su* rules ! majority
 ( h\sekeep]s  w\ld be glad to con=m if 
!y c\ld4 ,l ,lady ,teazle1 !y w\ld  be  
only too happy if roses grew "u _! feet 
& !y c\ld ga!r  /rawb]ries all ! ye>    
r\nd4 ,b dome/ic exig5cies =bid _m      
indulg5ces1 & ! wise woman is %e :o     
adapts h]self to ?+s z  !y are & does n 
make h]self wret*$ ov] non-ess5tials4   
,:5 a  woman keeps b "o maid to d ! "w (
 a h\sehold ( half a doz5  memb]s1 %e _c
 hope to h h] e/abli%m5t conduct$ z x   
w\ld  be ) a =ce ( ?ree or f\r maids4   
,%e may v prop]ly insi/  ^u c]ta9       

niceties ( s]v+ & wait+1 b if %e does   
?is %e  mu/ make up = x 9 o!r ways4 ,=  
in/ance1 ! woman :o dem&s  c&les = h]   
d9n]-table in/ead ( gas mu/ n expect !  
maid :o  does all ! "w ( ! h\se to h "t 
to keep ! c&le/icks 9  ord]4 ,! c>e ( ! 
fl[]s t bright5 ! table mu/ also come   
^u ! mi/ress4 ,%e mu/ take ?is sort ( ?+
 = grant$ z  mu* z %e does ! necessity =
 rely+ ^u h] own ef=ts 9 !  prep>ation (
 h] m delicate dess]ts & salads4 ,su*   
ef=ts are  ! price %e pays = wi%+ to    
live 9 a c]ta9 fa%ion1 &1 s9ce  %e has  
made h] *oice1 %e has no "r to be       
dissatisfi$ ) x4  ,pla9] modes ( life & 
ultimate salvation are n incompatible1 b
  if %e pref]s ! add$ da9t9ess to !     
light] labor x devolves  ^u h] to d !   
additional "w necess>ily impli$ by !    
t\*es (  elegance4    ,i h spok5 ( !    
habit ( "s mi/resses ( provid+ ! maids' 
work+-dress4 ,?is is done 9 l>ge        
e/abli%m5ts :]e a c]ta9  liv]y is       
requir$1 & 9 o!r homes1 :]e ! mi/ress   
feels x  wor? :ile1 %e supplies ! black 

frock to be worn 9 ! aft]noon4  ,:e!r   
?is is done or n x is cu/om>y = !       
mi/ress to provide  ! caps & :ite aprons
 worn by h] maids1 & ! coll>s & cuffs1  
if %e insi/s ^u ! latt]4 ,^! belong to !
 mi/ress1 & are  n tak5 away by ! maid  
:5 %e leaves4    ,! laund]+ ( ^!        
articles is g5]ally paid = by ! mi/ress4
  ,t is1 if ! wa%+ is put out or "s "o  
comes 9 to d x1 !  aprons are includ$ 9 
! family wa%+ in/ead ( be+ done by !    
maid h]self ) h] own wa%+4 ,9 ! av]age  
family1 :]e two or  ?ree s]vants are    
employ$1 ea* does h] own wa%+ & has a   
fix$  "t = x1 unless "s o!r arrangem5t  
is made betwe5 ! mi/ress  & ! s]vant4 ,9
 "s cases ! mi/ress provides also color$
 aprons  = ! maid to we> at h] heavy "w1
 b ?is is n obligatory4  ,!re is n !    
same reason = ?is t !re is = ! mi/ress's
  pur*as+ ! liv]y4 ,x is tak5 = grant$ t
 ! maid has en\gh  clo?+ ( h] own to    
enable h] to look dec5t ab\t ! h\se4    
,if1  h[ev]1 ! mi/ress has h] decid$    
pref]5ces 9 favor ( ! maid  dress+      

h]self 9 a special fa%ion1 x is h]      
bus9ess to provide !  raim5t 9 :i* !    
maid is requir$ to appe>4 ,(t5 x w be   
f\nd  t ! maid has adapt$ h]self to h]  
"w & has pur*as$ =  h]self neat black   
wai/s or frocks to we> 9 ! aft]noon4 ,9 
?is  case ! mi/ress is sav$ j s mu*     
exp5se & may e/eem h]self  =tunate1 b %e
 has no "r to dem& t ! maid %all supply 
h]self ) su* a g>b at h] own exp5se4    
,! social relations ( s]vants is a matt]
 ) :i* "s mi/resses  ex]cise !mselves   
ov]-mu*1 :ile o!rs1 p]haps1 give too    
little  att5tion to x4 ,accord+ to !    
ideas ( "s p]sons1 ! affairs (  a maid  
outside ( work+ h\rs conc]n no "o b     
h]self4 ,s long z  %e con=ms to c]ta9   
rules ( ! h\sehold1 h] com+ & go+1  h]  
associates & habits1 are no "o's bus9ess
 b h] own1 unless  !y int]f]e ) ! prop] 
p]=mance ( h] "w4 ,9 a way ?is is       
entirely true1 & a mi/ress has no m "r  
to pry into ! affairs  ( h] maid ?an !  
maid has to be ov]curi\s ab\t ! bus9ess 
(  ! mi/ress4 ,b !re is some?+ to be    

said on ! o!r side4 ,look  at x 9 z     
matt]-(-fact fa%ion z "o w1 relations ( 
dome/ic  s]vice are diff]5t f any o!r   
bus9ess association4 ,! mi/ress  & maid 
d n only meet 9 ! morn+ & "p aga9 at    
night1 aft]  hav+ be5 toge!r simply 9 ! 
way ( _! "w dur+ ! day2  !y eat & sleep 
"u ! same ro(4 ,(t5 !y "w side by side =
  an h\r at a "t4 ,!y see ea* o!r 9     
bodily & m5tal di%abille4  ,!y are by   
way ( ask+ or grant+ little k9dly       
s]vices t 7  nev] nom9at$ 9 ! bond4 ,)\t
 br++ too mu* s5tim5t into  ! relation1 
x may yet be ass]t$ t x is next to      
impossible =  !m to meet on purely      
bus9ess t]ms4    ,:5 ?is is admitt$ x   
op5s ! way = some?+ m4 ,n  famili>ity or
 int]f]5ce1 b a k9dly & fri5dly int]e/4 
,?is  int]e/ gr[s to be some?+ v l a    
s5se ( responsibility if  ! maid is a "y
 girl f> remov$--z %e (t5 is--f ! family
  & associations amid :i* %e 0 re>$4 ,! 
ties t us$ to hold  h] h be5 loos5$1 & x
 w\ld be no wond] if 9 ! feel+ (        
irresponsibility t comes ) novel fre$om 

%e %\ld occasionally  make a mi/ake :i* 
%e aft]w>ds has to rep5t m or less      
bitt]ly4  ,9 "o s5se x is none ( !      
mi/ress's bus9ess4 ,%e is n h]          
maid-s]vant's keep]4 ,yet %e c\ld h>dly 
help reproa*+ h]self if  %e ?\ght t a   
k9dly ^w1 a qu]y t %[$ h] int]e/1  might
 h sp>$ ! girl a blund]1 ev5 if ?is did 
n am\nt to  wrong-do+4    ,s1 if !      
mi/ress c d x1 %e %\ld try to e/abli% "s
 sort  ( an ent5te ) h] maid4 ,x c h>dly
 be an ent5te cordiale1  p]haps1 until  
!y h be5 toge!r long en\gh to h brok5   
d[n  ! little class antagonism t g5]ally
 exi/s at fir/ betwe5  mi/ress & maid & 
to conv9ce ! latt] ( ! good-w ( !  =m]4 
,x does n take mu* tr\ble to br+ ab\t   
?is /ate (  affairs4 ,an int]e/ 9 !     
girl's family1 a "q or two z to  :e!r %e
 has any ( h] own p on ?is side ( !     
wat]1 an  inquiry z to h] fri5ds--n 9 a 
mann] t seems to imply a  m]e curiosity 
or patronage1 b 9 a fa%ion t %[s a g5u9e
  fri5dl9ess is prompt+ ! qu]ies4 ,!    
assurance ( ! maid t  %e may feel free  

to h h] fri5ds come to see h]1 a        
pleasant ^w  ( greet+ to ^! if !y come &
 ! mi/ress happ5s to meet !m1  all d _! 
"p t[>ds mak+ ! maid sure t h] employ]  
is 9 a  measure h] fri5d4    ,:5 x comes
 to ! "q ( foll[]s--t vex$ "q 9  s _m   
h\seholds--! mi/ress is wise if %e      
pursues ! /raighte/  c\rse4 ,9 ! fir/   
place1 %e %\ld recognize ! fact t !     
maid-(-all-"w %\ld be p]mitt$ to h h] m5
 fri5ds come to  call on h]4 ,%e did n  
ent] a nunn]y :5 %e w5t into dome/ic    
s]vice4 ,%e is a human be+1 & %e has !  
"r to fri5ds among  ! opposite sex--j z 
good a "r z ! daught] ( madam h]self4   
,be>+ ?is 9 m9d1 ! employ] %\ld all[    
foll[]s subject to  ! same rules :i* %e 
w\ld en=ce ) h] own daught]s4 ,!  "y m5 
%\ld come at a suitable h\r & g at a    
suitable h\r4 ,!y  %\ld no m be grant$  
p]mission to l+] ar\nd ! kit*5 :5  !    
objects ( _! att5tion are busy ) ! daily
 toil ?an %\ld  ! call]s ( mademoiselle 
be welcom$ :5 %e is at h] music lesson  
or occupi$ ) h] language tea*]4 ,to d ! 

foll[]s ju/ice1 !y  d n (t5 attempt x1  
nor d ! maids enc\rage x4 ,( c\rse1 !re 
are ! /ock jokes ab\t ! policeman on !  
beat & ! milkman  & ! but*]'s boy1 b    
none ( ^!--except ! policeman--has      
suffici5t leisure to sp5d mu* "t 9 !    
kit*5 or ! front area  dur+ work+ h\rs4 
,ev5 if !re is violation ( ?is rule once
 9 a  :ile--well1 we h all _h little    
occurr5ces ( ! same k9d 9 our  lives4   
,our *ance meet+s & p>t+s out (         
canonical h\rs did  n take place 9 !    
front area1 p]haps1 b t 0 because our   
employm5ts did n lead ei!r ( u !re4     
,! responsibility ( ! mi/ress does n g s
 f> z to make x  necess>y = h] to       
inquire into ! antec$5ts ( ! "y m5 :o   
visit 9 h] kit*5 z %e w\ld into ^? ( !  
m5 call]s 9 !  draw+-room4 ,t is outside
 ( h] prov9ce4 ,yet %e may let ! maid   
"k t %e feels an int]e/ 9 h] admir]s &  
fri5ds1 & su* an  int]e/ is likely to be
 appreciat$4    ,aga9 ,i feel ,i mu/    
def5d myself aga9/ a *>ge (             
s5tim5tality4  ,b ,i h se5 ^! exp]im5ts 

tri$ ) success4 ,i d n mean by  ?is t ! 
maids 7 models ( un5d+ devotion &       
fidelity4 ,we  seldom f9d ?is sort ( ?+ 
)\t flaw among our *os5 associates4  ,b 
,i h kn[n in/ances :]e ! casual         
fri5dl9ess ( ! mi/ress  0 repaid t5fold 
9 times ( sickness or tr\ble by (fices  
:i*  c\ld n be comp5sat$ = 9 money4 ,& x
 0 done freely &  gladly1 ) no ?\ght (  
any?+ out ( ! ord9>y1 ) no h9t  t       
sacrifices 7 be+ made4    ,yes1 says "s 
"o1 & ^? v maids w talk y ov] beh9d  y\r
 back4    ,q true1 de> madam4 ,z !      
majority ( u discuss n only our maids  b
 our own famili> fri5ds beh9d _!        
backs--z !y d u :5 our  backs are turn$4
 ,we are all ( u z ready to res5t       
criticism z we  are to (f] x4 ,:5 we f9d
 ! habits ( high life bel[-/airs1 x     
behooves u to ask ourselves :at sort (  
an example along ^? l9es  we _h set !   
maid-s]vants )9 our gates4    ,)\t hope 
( any rew>d1 except t ( ! com=table     
s5sation we  h :5 we h attempt$ to d !  
dec5t ?+1 let u try to make  our maids  

feel at home 9 our h\ses4 ,if x is      
possible1 !y %\ld  h a place 9 :i* to   
meet _! fri5ds4 ,:]e !re is space1 x  is
 becom+ m & m ! cu/om to provide a      
sitt+-room = !  s]vants 9 :i* _!        
visitors c be receiv$4 ,to _m h\sekeep]s
  su* an arrangem5t z ?is w\ld be       
impossible4 ,9 su* cases !re  %\ld at   
lea/ be an ef=t to r5d] ! kit*5 z       
pleasant z !  circum/ances w p]mit4 ,x  
may be clean & neat1 !re may be a  c\ple
 ( *airs t are tol]ably com=table1 & any
 little attempt  ! maid may wi% to make 
to add to ! attractiv5ess ( ! ap>tm5t   
%\ld be enc\rag$4          ,,vii        
,,g5]al ,,sugge/ions      ,! mi/ress ( a
 h\se mu/ n look = bricks )\t /raw4 ,9  
o!r  words1 %e mu/ n dem& good "w f h]  
maids if !y lack !  tools ) :i* to      
a*ieve x4    ,:5 wom51 9 ! c\rse (      
discussions on dome/ic topics at clubs  
& else:]e1 decl>e t h\sekeep+ c be      
practis$ on ! same  pr9ciples z ^? on   
:i* m5 conduct _! bus9ess1 :5 !y  affirm
 t h\sekeep+ may be run l ma*9]y1 !y    

sometimes  =get :at is meant by !       
managem5t ( ma*9]y4 ,! metaphor  pleases
 !m s mu* t !y fail to exam9e x too     
closely4 ,b any  ma*9i/ w tell "o t an  
eng9e does n g ( itself4 ,i d  n mean   
only t ! fires mu/ be kept up & ! wat]  
:i* is  to g5]ate /eam mu/ be provid$4  
,!re is m to x ?an t4 ,!  ma*9]y mu/ be 
wat*$ & oil$ & kept 9 p]fect repair4 ,if
  any bit ( x is injur$ x mu/ at once be
 replac$4 ,!re mu/ be a  regul>         
inspection made to see t !re is n s mu* 
friction on "o  "p z to make too mu* we>
 & te>1 & t o!r portions  :i* are       
tempor>ily out ( use d n become ru/y s t
 !y are  unmanageable :5 !y come 9 dem&4
    ,b :at h\sekeep] takes su* c>e ( h] 
home ma*9]y z ?is8 ,"h  & !re "o may be 
f\nd1 b ! majority1 hav+ />t$ ! works   
go+1 seem to h ! impression t ! :eels w 
cont9ue to  revolve ) no fur!r att5tion4
 ,x is tak5 = grant$ t ! maid  w pursue 
! ev5 t5or ( h] way z if %e 7 ano!r     
piece (  clockwork t has be5 w\nd       
up--or1 p]haps1 z if %e 7 a "p  ( ! same

 big ma*9e :i* comprises ! h\sehold &   
all its  appo9tm5ts4    ,! diff]5ce1 (  
c\rse1 betwe5 ! ma*9]y & ! home is t  9 
! conduct ( ! latt] ! human equation has
 to be reckon$ )  con/antly4 ,x is n    
en\gh = ! mi/ress to see t all p>ts  ( !
 eng9e are suppli$1 if ?is or t section 
is to be injur$  ?r\gh c>elessness z    
soon z h] back is turn$4 ,! head ma*9i/ 
w\ld probably drop a man on %ort notice 
:o _h prov$ himself to be  p]si/5tly    
c>eless ( ! portion ( labor committ$ to 
8 *>ge4  ,! fact t he c\ld d o!r p>ts ( 
8 "w well1 t he 0  k9dly & good-natur$ &
 nev] spoke an imp]t95t ^w1 w\ld weigh  
= little if he did n pay att5tion to 8  
especial duty & take  prop] c>e ( t :i* 
0 committ$ to 8 *>ge4 ,) ! dome/ic      
s]vant matt]s are on a diff]5t foot+4 ,9
 c\nt+ up h] good &  bad qualities !    
mi/ress mu/ keep a debit-&-cr$it acc\nt 
& feel  t "o positive virtue (fsets _m  
negative defects4    ,yet1 ev5 :ile %e  
does ?is & puts up ) %ortcom+s because (
  "s "o conspicu\s m]it1 ! mi/ress %\ld 

n relax h] ef=t to  approximate1 s f> z 
%e may1 ! p]=mance ( h\sehold duties to 
! work+s ( ! ma*9]y to :i* x is s (t5   
lik5$4 ,& to  d ?is %e mu/ see t ev]y?+ 
necess>y is at h&1 to make !  :eels turn
 smoo?ly4    ,x is a pro( ( !           
c>elessness ) :i* _m homes are manag$1  
& ( ! slackness :i* maids take = grant$1
 t ! h\sehold  equipm5t is s (t5        
conspicu\sly poor4 ,i h be5 9 h\ses t  7
 well furni%$ above-/airs :]e ,i h se5 !
 maids attempt+  to d c>eful cook]y )   
ut5sils t 7 utt]ly inadequate4 ,!re  7  
brok5 vegetable-grat]s1 cream-*urns1    
egg-beat]s1 fl\r-sift]s1  c(fee-pots )  
p>ts ( _! me*anism miss+1 b[ls & di%es  
) l>ge sections gone f !m1 an           
insuffici5t supply ( su* small  items z 
measur+-cups1 mix+-spoons1              
vegetable-knives1 & ! l4  ,i h also _h a
 glimpse ( ! articles provid$ = keep+ a 
h\se  clean--/ubby brooms1 worn-out     
bru%es1 half-bri/l$ scrubb+-bru%es1  a  
/+y provision ( ! det]g5ts & cleans+    
fluids manufactur$  = h\sehold use4 ,9 !

 mid/ ( ?is de>? ! maids work$ z be/  !y
 c\ld1 accompli%+ wond]s :5 "o ?\ght ( !
 means !y _h  9 h&4    ,b1 "s "o w say1 
^! ?+s 7 d\btless provid$ at  fir/1 & if
 !y are lack+ n[ x is because ( !       
c>elessness (  ! maids t _h !m 9 *>ge4  
,precisely s4 ,b ! maids ought n to h   
be5 p]mitt$ to be  c>eless4 ,if t       
consummation dev\tly to be desir$ ( mak+
 !  h\se run l a ma*9e is ev] to be     
br\ght ab\t1 ! me?ods ( !  %op mu/ be   
introduc$ into dome/ic "w4 ,! maid %\ld 
h giv5  to h] ! ut5sils t %e w ne$ 9    
ord] to d h] "w prop]ly  & !n %e %\ld be
 held responsible = !m--n responsible   
m]ely  by ^w ei!r4 ,x w be necess>y = ! 
mi/ress to keep h] eyes  on ^! details j
 z ! head ma*9i/ makes 8 inspection4 ,%e
  w h to see = h]self t ! broom is hung 
up or /ood on !  h&le in/ead ( on !     
bri/le end1 t ! bru%es & du/-pans  n    
only h _! nails or hooks1 b are kept on 
!m :5 n 9 use  in/ead ( be+ ?r[n into a 
corn] ( ! kit*5 & kick$ ab\t  by any "o 
:o f9ds !m 9 ! way4 ,%e w h to inquire  

if !  di%-t[els are wa%$ out aft]       
s]vice1 boil$ once a day1 & well  dri$ &
 air$--n ?r[n c>elessly ov] a           
clo!s-horse or a l9e  to dry ) ! grease 
& /a9s f c>elessly wa%$ di%es /ill  cl++
 to !m4 ,once 9 s (t5 ! mi/ress mu/ make
 an exam9ation  ( ! cont5ts ( !         
pot-closet to asc]ta9 = h]self if !     
d\ble  boil] has be5 left on ! fire     
until ! wat] has cook$ away & !  bottom 
has crack$ f dryness4 ,%e mu/ see t h]  
pans are sc\r$  :5 !y ne$ x1 t no ut5sil
 is ev] put away ) "p ( !  cont5ts /ick+
 to ! inside4    ,d "s or all ( ^!      
admonitions appe> uncall$ =8 ,i hope !y 
are1 b ,i am afraid t at lea/ five out (
 e t5 h\sekeep]s  w\ld f9d "o ( ^!      
defects 9 h] pantries %\ld %e g !re     
seek+ p]fection4    ,:5 ! mi/ress       
neglects matt]s 9 ?is way ! maid-s]vant 
is n  :olly to blame = h] he$lessness4  
,x mu/ always be borne 9 m9d  t our     
dome/ic s]vice is n recruit$ f          
tra9+-s*ools4  ,! maid comes to u f h]  
own home or f a succession ( o!r        

p]sons' homes1 :]e %e has be5 taught to 
d "o ?+ 9 half a  doz5 diff]5t ways4 ,f 
all ^! %e has evolv$ h] own me?od1  :i* 
may be good & may be poor4 ,su* z x is1 
%e is likely to  foll[ x1 unless %e is  
p]suad$ ( a m excell5t way or compell$  
into x by h] new mi/ress4 ,9 ! latt]    
case %e w probably g  back to ! blanket 
z soon z %e is at lib]ty4    ,i h       
already said t x is a mi/ake = ! mi/ress
 to dem& t  ! maid %all *ange h] mode ( 
do+ a piece ( "w1 provid$  ! results are
 good4 ,! mi/ress %\ld all[ "t to       
discov] !  advantages or disadvantages (
 ! s]vant's sy/em4 ,b if %e feels  t h] 
own way is surely bett] ?an t ! maid    
foll[s1 %e  %\ld insi/ ^u a *ange4 ,%e  
%\ld recognize ! possibility ( !        
employe's be+ a reasonable creature1 &  
%[ h] :at %e consid]s  ! m]its ( ! new  
plan at ! same "t t %e makes x cle>ly   
und]/ood t1 :e!r ! maid sees ^! or n1 ! 
"w is to be  done 9 ! mann] prescrib$ by
 ! mi/ress4 ,%e pays = ! "w &  %e has a 
"r to say 9 :at way x %all be p]=m$4    

,sometimes "o f9ds a maid :o rebels     
aga9/ ?is sort ( managem5t4  ,9 t case a
 mi/ress is wise to dis*>ge h] at ! end 
( !  mon?--t is1 unless %e c be induc$  
to d ! "w 9 ! "r  fa%ion4 ,( c\rse1 x is
 always ^u ! c>ds t ! maid may h  s _m  
o!r good qualities t !y make up = ?is   
defect2 b1 z  a rule1 x w be f\nd t !   
maid :o p]si/s 9 refus+ to adopt  a     
me?od ( "w ord]$ by h] employ] w be h>d 
to manage 9  o!r ways4 ,be=e giv+ up su*
 a s]vant1 h[ev]1 x is well = !  mi/ress
 to ?9k c>efully ( ! "q at issue & be v 
sure  t ! way %e desires possesses en\gh
 advantages to make x wor?  :ile to     
raise an issue ^u x4    ,sometimes a    
maid w come ar\nd to a new me?od ( h]   
own accord4  ,i knew ( a cook ^: mi/ress
 _h pur*as$ "o ( ! admirable  bread-mak+
 ma*9es4 ,! h\sekeep] _h inve/igat$ x   
?or\ghly  & become p]suad$ t x n only   
sav$ "t & labor1 b t !  bread made f x 0
 m :olesome ?an t mix$ & knead$ 9 !     
ord9>y mann]4 ,s %e in/all$ ! ma*9e 9 h]
 kit*51 expla9$  its work+s & its       

virtues to ! cook1 & suppos$ t !re w\ld 
be no tr\ble ab\t x4 ,b ! cook 0 an     
ob/9ate cons]vative4 ,%e  _h made good  
bread by ! old way1 & to ! old way %e   
w\ld adh]e4  ,%e did n absolutely refuse
 to use ! ma*9e1 b %e calmly w5t  on    
mak+ bread by h&4 ,excell5t bread x 01  
too4 ,! mi/ress c\ld  f9d no fault )    
x--b t 0 beside ! po9t4    ,be+ a       
s5sible woman1 %e hesitat$ to raise an  
issue & possibly  lose a good cook & a  
tru/wor?y s]vant4 ,%e h]self w5t into ! 
kit*5 & made bread two or ?ree times ) !
 ma*9e4 ,h] daught]  did ! same4 ,9     
spite ( h]self ! cook became int]e/$ 9 !
  new-fangl$ notion4 ,%e saw t x sav$ "t
 & toil4 ,at la/ %e  tri$ ! ma*9e       
h]self4 ,! results 7 s good & at s small
 a  co/ ( "w t %e became an ard5t       
conv]t4    ,sure1 x 0 wick$ ,i us$ to be
 ab\t x1 %e confess$ to !  mi/ress lat]4
 ,:5 y & ,miss ,jane 7 mak+ bread ) x ,i
 us$  to be j pray9' t x w\ld turn out  
bad4    ,!re are pl5ty ( maids ( ?is    
k9d1 al?\gh once 9 a :ile "o  f9ds a    

specim5 ( ! o!r sort4 ,usually ! latt]  
k9d is f\nd  among ! old] wom5 :o h     
become set 9 _! ways & object to        
exp]im5ts ( any nature4 ,if ! employ]   
wi%es to be mi/ress 9 h]  own h\se %e c 
h>dly reta9 "o ( ?is v>iety 9 h] s]vice4
 ,b  if !re are reasons t make h] will+ 
to waive h] own au?ority  = ! sake (    
com=t 9 o!r directions1 %e is p]haps    
prud5t to  d x4 ,?is is a matt] ea*     
h\sekeep] mu/ settle = h]self4    ,to   
return to ! fir/ po9t = a mom5t4 ,!     
mi/ress mu/ give h]  maids :at !y ne$ to
 d _! "w well be=e %e expects to receive
  good "w f !m1 & hav+ done ?is %all    
dem& t !y keep  _! tools 9 ord]4 ,at !  
same "t t %e makes adequate provision   
%e %\ld n enc\rage extravagance by      
ov]abundance4 ,we all h a  t5d5cy to be 
lavi% :5 we see be=e u :at seems l m ?an
  en\gh4 ,! maid %\ld h :at w suffice = 
! pres5t ne$1 b  no m4 ,!re is no s5se 9
 hav+ half a doz5 d\ble boil]s1 =       
in/ance1 :5 ! utmo/ ne$ ( ! h\sehold    
does n call = m  ?an f\r4 ,keep two 9   

res]ve until accid5t or use has disabl$ 
"o  ( ! o!rs4 ,! maid %\ld n h s l>ge a 
supply ( kit*5  & *9a t[els t %e feels x
 makes little diff]5ce if %e takes      
prop] c>e ( !m4 ,in/ead1 %e %\ld h en\gh
 to wipe h] di%es  )\t hav+ to /9t      
h]self1 & if extra t[els are ne$$ =     
extra s]vice !y %\ld be giv5 = t "t & !n
 put away until  ! next occasion arises 
= _! use4 ,%e %\ld n h ?ree or  f\r     
du/-clo?s 9 commission all ! :ile1 b    
%\ld wa% ^?  %e has e day or two & use  
!m until !y are worn out4 ,h]           
clean+-clo?s--= lamps1 b$room crock]y1 &
 ! l--%\ld n  be s num]\s t %e feels x  
is easi] to ?r[ !m away ?an to  take !  
tr\ble to r9se !m aft] s]vice4    ,n    
only ! h\sekeep] is to be consid]$ 9 !  
en=cem5t ( ^!  rules4 ,! maid is be+    
tra9$ 9 habits ( ?rift or ( wa/efulness1
  & ! h\sekeep] is prep>+ = h] own kit*5
 or = ! kit*5  ( "s o!r woman a s]vant  
:o w be valuable or ! rev]se4 ,i  h t\*$
 ^u ! responsibility ( ! h\sekeep] = h] 
s]vants 9 o!r respects1 & ?is is ano!r  

way 9 :i* %e %\ld  appreciate h] duty to
 h] neighbor4    ,9 "s h\seholds !      
mi/resses h slipp$ into ! c>eless way ( 
p]mitt+ ! maid to give ord]s to ! but*] 
& ! groc]4 ,?is  %\ld only be done 9    
unusual circum/ances4 ,! maid may be    
entirely  hone/ & consci5ti\s4 ,at !    
same "t1 ! mi/ress is n only  putt+ h] 9
 ! way ( a temptation to extravagance1 b
 is also  neglect+ "o ( h] own duties4  
,! maid %\ld h a pad & p5cil  hang+ 9 ! 
kit*54 ,) ^! %e %\ld keep a li/ ( :at is
  want$ 9 ! l9e ( h\sehold supplies4 ,:5
 %e takes ! la/ ( any  k9d ( provision f
 its receptacle %e %\ld make a note ( x 
on  ! pad4 ,by ?is me?od !re is nev] a  
discov]y at ! la/ mom5t  t a supply ( "s
 desir$ groc]y is exhau/$4 ,?is memor&um
 !  mi/ress mu/ g ov] e morn+ :5 %e     
makes h] daily inspection  ( ! kit*5 &  
pantries4 ,! slip %e te>s f ! pad w s]ve
  z h] li/ ( pur*ases :5 %e goes to     
m>ket4 ,?is1 too1 %\ld  n be ! "w ( !   
maid4 ,once 9 a :ile %e c be s5t out on 
an  em]g5cy err&1 b1 z a rule1 x is !   

mi/ress :o %\ld d  ! buy+4 ,by foll[+   
?is plan %e kn[s :at is ord]$1 :at      
deliv]$1 & is able at ! end ( ! week to 
*eck intellig5tly !  record 9 h] weekly 
book f ! groc] or ! m>ket-man4    ,9 all
 t has be5 said !re has be5 no attempt  
to consid] !  l>ge e/abli%m5t :]e !re is
 a h\sekeep] :o assumes ! duties  ( !   
mi/ress ( ! home 9 ! way ( ord]+ meals1 
direct+  s]vants1 & look+ aft] all !    
details ( ! h\sehold4 ,su*  e/abli%m5ts 
are n pl5tiful en\gh to be consid]$ 9 a 
book (  ?is scope4 ,x is 9 ! homes :]e b
 "o s]vant or at ! mo/ two  or ?ree are 
kept t problems ( ! sort we h t\*$ ^u   
pres5t  !mselves = solution4 ,9 su*     
homes ^! problems are (t5 matt]s  (     
daily or weekly consid]ation4 ,! mi/ress
 desires to d all %e c  to enable ! maid
 to make ! be/ ( h] place2 ! maid's     
int5tions  are usually z good z ^? ( !  
mi/ress1 ev5 if !y are n q  s cle>ly    
=mulat$4    ,some?+ may be said conc]n+ 
paym5t = extra "w4 ,:5 a maid is  engag$
 x is ) ! und]/&+ t %e is to d = a fix$ 

wage all ! "w 9 h] p>ticul> l9e4 ,if h]s
 is ! place ( a  g5]al-h\sework s]vant1 
! duties are1 z already said1 h>d  to   
def9e1 b !re may be an approximate idea 
=m$ ( :at !y  comprise4 ,9 o!r positions
 9 ! h\sehold x is a simpl] matt] to    
lay d[n ) "s precision :at ! avocations 
( ea* s]vant %all  be4 ,except by       
special arrangem5t %e %\ld n be requir$ 
to /ep  outside h] r\nd4 ,b !re are     
times 9 ne>ly e family :5 "s  accid5t or
 set ( unavoidable occurr5ces r5d]s x   
necess>y to ask  "o maid to d ! "w (    
ano!r4 ,sudd5 illness1 ! dep>ture ( "o  
maid be=e x is possible to engage ano!r1
 ! desc5t ( unexpect$  gue/s--any "o (  
^! ?+s may make x ne$ful = ! h\sekeep]  
to reque/ a s]vant to d some?+ besides  
h] regul> "w4    ,:5 ?is is ! case x    
%\ld be %[n by ! mi/ress t %e           
appreciates ! consid]ation ( ! s]vant1 &
 !re %\ld be an  ef=t made to comp5sate 
= su* consid]ation--n necess>ily by a   
paym5t ( money1 b by a gift1 ! grant+ ( 
an unusual privilege1  or by reliev+ !  

maid ( a "p ( h] own regul> "w4 ,x is n 
a  good pr9ciple = ! mi/ress to fall    
into ! habit ( be/[+ tips  = any extra  
s]vice4 ,if matt]s 7 conduct$ on a      
purely bus9ess  basis ?is might be      
desirable1 b1 z ,i h said be=e1 9 !     
relation ( mi/ress & maid !re are too _m
 opportunities =  mutual accommodation =
 ei!r to /& ^u a po9t ( a k9dl9ess      
grant$ by ! o!r side4    ,:5 x comes to 
tips f gue/s x is ano!r matt]4 ,if a    
visitor  feels m com=table to (f] a gift
 to a s]vant on leav+1 !re  is no reason
 :y x %\ld n be done4 ,i "k ( employ]s  
:o say t  !y pay _! s]vants adequate    
wages & d n ?ank _! gue/s =  feel+ x    
obligatory ^u !m to supplem5t ^! by     
pres5ts4 ,?is  is n q ! po9t at issue4  
,! gue/ does n mean to "q !  ju/ice or  
g5]osity ( 8 ho/1 b he feels t he has   
caus$ extra  labor & has receiv$ s]vices
 = :i* he w\ld l to make "s  return to !
 dome/ic4 ,! gift is n tak5 by ! s]vant 
z a  supplem5t to h] wages1 b z an      
ackn[l$gm5t ( s]vices giv51 on  h] own  

"p1 & z a tok5 ( appreciation ( ^! by ! 
gue/4  ,! matt] ( tips 9 ?is c\ntry has 
nev] assum$ ! importance  x possesses on
 ! o!r side ( ! wat]1 al?\gh x is by way
 (  becom+ a m s]i\s matt] ) e ye>4     
,at lea/ once a week ! maid %\ld g ov] !
 li/ ( silv]1 :i*  ! mi/ress %\ld h put 
into h] h&s :5 %e came fir/ to !  h\se1 
& see t no pieces are miss+4 ,9 ! same  
way x is well  = h] to keep track ( !   
*9a4 ,:5ev] a piece is nick$1 crack$1   
or brok5 %e %\ld report x at once4 ,few 
mi/resses are sev]e :5  ?is is done1    
al?\gh !y are r>ely s amiable z n to be 
irritat$  to discov] su* damages by     
accid5t4 ,!re w be mi%aps 9 !           
be/-regulat$ h\sehold1 b concealm5t ( ^!
 or neglect to m5tion  !m is a mi/ake4  
,x %akes ! confid5ce ( ! employ] & saves
  ! employe no tr\ble1 s9ce ! injury is 
b\nd to be discov]$  soon] or lat]1 & ! 
repro( is mu* %>p] 9 ^? circum/ances    
?an x w\ld be if ! maid _h made a virtue
 ( necessity & told (  ! breakage :5 x  
occurr$4    ,:5 !re has be5 an accid5t (

 ?is sort !re %\ld be judgm5t  ex]cis$  
on ! "p ( ! mi/ress z to en=c+ ! rule   
conc]n+ paym5t = breakages4 ,if ! maid  
is usually c>eful &  ! accid5t 0 !      
result ( circum/ances %e c\ld n avoid1 x
 is  bett] n to d$uct ! value ( ! brok5 
article f h] wages4 ,if  %e is          
habitually c>eless1 %e w le>n a lesson  
by hav+ to pay =  h] fault4 ,if !re is a
 cle> und]/&+ on ?is matt] at ! "t  !   
maid is engag$1 !re is no room = any    
feel+ ( be+ impos$  ^u :5 ! rule is put 
into practice4 ,ju/ice %\ld be temp]$  )
 m]cy1 h[ev]1 & all[ances made = ! fir/ 
(f5ce4 ,! maid  %\ld be ask$ j h[ !     
accid5t happ5$1 w>n$ aga9/ hold+  wet   
*9a 9 slipp]y1 moi/ f+]s1 cr[d+ too _m  
pieces into !  di%-pan at once1 attempt+
 to c>ry too l>ge a numb] at "o "t1  &  
o!r me?ods ( provok+ casualties ( ?is   
sort4 ,%\ld %e  p]si/ 9 su* habits aft] 
! w>n+ has be5 giv51 ! paym5t =  ! brok5
 articles %\ld be insi/$ ^u4            
,,viii    ,a ,,recapitulation ,,(       
,,daily ,,duties      ,,!               

,,g5]al-,,h\sework ,,maid    ,rise at   
six o'clock & h clo?+ 9 read9ess1 s z to
 be dress$  & d[n-/airs by six-?irty4   
,/rip ! b$ & op5 ! w9d[ be=e  leav+ !   
room4    ,if ! c>e ( ! furnace is 9 y\r 
h&s1 op5 ! draughts & put  on a little  
coal4    ,light ! kit*5 fire1 fill !    
kettle1 put on ! breakfa/ c]eal &       
potatoes1 or any?+ t requires "s "t to  
cook4    ,op5 ! w9d[s ( rooms on fir/   
floor1 bru% up ! floor & !  halls1 &    
sweep (f ! front /eps4 ,g ov] b>e floor 
9 d9+-room  ) a clo? & du/ ! d9+-room4  
,put m coal 9 furnace1 close  draughts1 
& give a look at kit*5 fire4    ,set    
table = breakfa/4 ,if a l>ge clo? is    
us$1 put x on ov] !  canton-flannel     
sil5ce clo?4 ,if a squ>e ( damask or    
doilies are  employ$ at breakfa/1 lay !m
 on ev5ly4 ,crook$ spread+ ( a  table is
 an abom9ation4    ,at ea* place put a  
plate1 knife1 =k1 & two spoons1 ! knife 
&  spoons to ! "r1 ) ! napk9 beside !m2 
! tumbl] also  on ! "r4 ,! =k mu/ be on 
! left1 & ne> x !  bread-&-butt] plate4 

,if fruit is ! fir/ c\rse1 !re %\ld be  
at  ea* place a fruit-plate ) a doily1  
f+]-b[l1 & fruit-knife on  x4 ,= oranges
 an orange-spoon %\ld also be laid on ! 
plate4 ,:5  a c]eal is ! fir/ c\rse1 !  
porridge b[ls or sauc]s %\ld be at  ea* 
plate4    ,arrange ! cups & sauc]s1     
sug>-b[l1 cream-jug1 & o!r  necess>ies  
at ! end ( ! table :]e ! mi/ress ( !    
h\se  sits4 ,at ! o!r end place ! c>v]s 
& lay ! heavy mat =  ! hot di% ! ma/] ( 
! h\se is to s]ve4 ,see t !re are       
tablespoons1 salt-cell>s1 &             
pepp]-cruets1 & ! call-bell on !  table1
 a salt & pepp] to e two p]sons1 !      
tablespoons at !  corn]s ( ! table1 !   
call-bell ne> ! mi/ress's h&4    ,return
 to kit*5 & prep>e breakfa/4 ,cut bread1
 fill glasses1  & br+ 9 butt] ! la/ ?+4 
,d n ann\nce ! meal until  ev]y?+ is    
ready to s]ve4 ,put on a clean apron to 
wait on table4    ,:ile ! family is eat+
 ! la/ c\rse ( breakfa/ g to !  b$rooms1
 /rip ! b$s1 turn ! mattresses1 hang !  
b$clo?+  ov] *airs1 & leave x to air    

:ile go+ ov] ! floors ) a  c>pet-sweep]4
 ,empty soil$ wat] 9 b$rooms4    ,g     
d[n-/airs & h y\r own breakfa/4 ,cle> ! 
table1 scrape  di%es & put !m 9 wat]4   
,return to second floor1 make b$s1 du/  
& clean ba?-room4    ,wa% & put away    
di%es4 ,r9se out di%-t[els & put !m ov] 
to  boil4 ,see :at is 9 ! pantry &      
refrig]ator4 ,wipe (f ! %elves  (       
pantries & refrig]ator e day4 ,scald out
 ice-box ?ree times a  week4 ,clean &   
fill lamps4    ,g n[ to any special "w1 
su* z sweep+1 wa%+ w9d[s1 or  g5]al     
clean+4 ,/op ?is 9 "t to prep>e lun*eon4
 ,set ! table  = ?is meal z y did =     
breakfa/4 ,be sure t ! d9+-room  has be5
 well air$ & t !re is no odor ( /ale    
food left f  breakfa/4 ,obs]ve ! same   
rules z at breakfa/ ab\t s]v+ butt]1    
bread1 & wat]4    ,aft] lun*eon cle>    
table1 d>k5 d9+-room1 & f9i% any small  
duties t h be5 left ov] f ! morn+4 ,plan
 y\r "w s z  to h only light tasks 9 !  
aft]noon4    ,*ange y\r dress1 bru% y\r 
hair1 put on a fre% cap & a clean       

apron1 & be ready to wait on ! door4 ,if
 aft]noon tea is to be  s]v$ at five    
o'clock1 make ! tray ready & c>ry x 9 at
 !  prop] h\r4 ,/>t to get d9n] 9 "t s t
 !re w n be a  ru% at ! la/ mom5t4 ,if  
possible1 arrange ! prep>ations s t  !  
cook+ c safely be left half an h\r be=e 
d9n]-"t 9 ord]  to set ! table4         
,spread on ! ?ick sil5ce clo? smoo?ly & 
lay ! table-clo?  ov] x ev5ly & )\t a   
wr9kle4 ,place ! c5tre-piece 9 !  middle
 ( ! table ) ! vase ( fl[]s or j>d9ire  
on x1 lay a  c>v+-clo? 9 front ( ! ma/] 
( ! h\se1 ) ! c>v]s4 ,if  a mat is us$  
"u ! meat di%1 put x 9 place4 ,at ! o!r 
end (  ! table lay ! s\p-ladle4 ,at ea* 
place !re %\ld be a s]vice  plate ) !   
knife & s\p-spoon to ! "r ( ?is1 ) !    
tumbl] & napk92 ! =k or =ks1 if m ?an "o
 w be ne$$1  at ! left4 ,if butt] is    
s]v$ at d9n]1 ! bread-&-butt] plate  may
 be at ! left4 ,if n1 a piece ( bread1  
cut ?ick1 may be laid on  ! napk94 ,9   
mo/ h\seholds x is cu/om>y to give a    
clean napk9 at  d9n]4 ,?is %\ld be fold$

 pla9ly4 ,! tablespoons1 salts1 pepp]s1 
& call-bell %\ld be 9 place z at o!r    
meals4 ,if su* articles z  olives1 salt$
 nuts1 & ! l are us$1 !y %\ld be on !   
table  be=e d9n] is s]v$4 ,:5 s\p is !  
fir/ c\rse ! s\p-plates  may be put on !
 s]vice plates & ! ture5 be plac$ 9     
front (  ! mi/ress be=e d9n] is ann\nc$4
 ,9 h\ses :]e gongs or bells  are n us$1
 ! maid comes to ! door ( ! room :]e !  
mi/ress  is seat$ & ann\nces1 ,d9n] is  
s]v$4    ,if y h n dress$ e>li]1 *ange  
y\r wai/ j be=e  ann\nc+ d9n]4    ,aft] 
! s\p is s]v$1 di% ! re/ ( ! d9n] & be  
ready to  br+ x 9 :5 ! s\p has be5 eat54
 ,take out ! ture5 fir/1  !n !          
s\p-plates1 c>ry+ out two at a "t1 "o 9 
ea*  h&4 ,c>ry 9 all ! hot d9n]-plates  
at once1 put !m on !  s]v+-table1 & z y 
take up a s]vice plate f ! table put a  
hot d9n]-plate 9 its place4 ,br+ 9 !    
meat di% fir/ & put x  9 front ( ! c>v]1
 & !n br+ 9 ! vegetable di%es & place   
!m on ! s]v+-table or d9n]-wagon4 ,pass 
meat & vegetables &  see t e "o has     

bread & t ! glasses are fill$4 ,return  
to  ! kit*5 & wa% ! silv] & *9a ( ! fir/
 c\rse4    ,:5 cle>+ ! table aft] ?is   
c\rse1 take out ! meat &  vegetables    
fir/ & !n ! soil$ plates4 ,if salad is  
to be s]v$  next1 put d[n a salad-plate 
9 place ( ! d9n]-plate remov$4 ,set  !  
oil & v9eg> cruets & ! b[l = mix+ !     
salad-dress+  9 front ( ! ho/ess1 & pass
 ! salad fir/ & aft]w>ds !  dress+4 ,!  
di%es ( ! prec$+ c\rse may be wa%$ dur+ 
!  salad c\rse4    ,if a sweet comes    
next or 9 place ( a salad c\rse1 cle> ! 
table1  remov+ salts & pepp]s1 unus$    
silv]1 & ev]y?+ except  glasses4 ,bru%  
(f ! crumbs into a plate ) a fold$      
napk91 take  (f & fold ! c>v+-clo?4 ,put
 ! plates & f+]-b[ls on !  table4 ,br+ 9
 ! sweet4 ,:5 ?is has be5 f9i%$1 take   
out !  di% t has held x1 remove ! soil$ 
plates1 & br+ 9 !  c(fee4    ,return to 
! kit*51 h y\r own d9n]1 & f9i% wa%+ !  
di%es4 ,by ?is "t ! family w h left !   
table4 ,cle> ?is1  remove ! clo?1 fold+ 
x 9 ! creases1 put away ! *9a1 &  d>k5 !

 room4 ,f9i% putt+ ! kit*5 9 ord] = !   
night4    ,on ,monday morn+ rise e>ly   
en\gh to get a good />t at ! wa%+4  ,any
 "w ( ?is sort t c be done be=e breakfa/
 is j s mu*  cle> ga94 ,proce$ ) o!r "w 
z on o!r days1 except t !  du/+ ( !     
rooms & ! c>e ( ! *amb]s w probably be  
assum$ by ! mi/ress4 ,wa% ! %eets & o!r 
heavy pieces e>ly  9 ! day 9 ord] t !y  
may h a *ance to dry4 ,d ! flannels     
e>ly & foll[ !m ) ! f9e clo!s4 ,! second
 wat] f !  flannels may be us$ = ! fir/ 
r9s+ ( ! cotton clo!s4 ,if  ! wor/-soil$
 pieces c be put 9 soak ov]night x w    
less5 !  labor on ,monday morn+4    ,on 
,tuesday morn+ x is also well to get an 
e>ly />t 9 ord] to  make a good beg9n+  
on ! iron+4 ,! same rule ( e>ly ris+  w 
be f\nd helpful :5 !re is any piece (   
extra "w to be  accompli%$4 ,a prompt   
beg9n+ gives "t = re/ 9 ! latt] "p  ( ! 
day4      ,,! ,,cook    ,rise at six    
o'clock & be d[n-/airs by six-?irty4    
,op5 draughts (  furnace & put on a     
little coal4 ,fill ! kettle & put !     

c]eal  ov] ! fire4 ,make ready !        
mat]ials = ! breakfa/4 ,:5 !  furnace   
fire has come up put on m coal & close  
draughts4 ,op5 !  w9d[s ( ! cell>1 air !
 pantry1 & see t ! kit*5 is 9  good     
ord]1 ! /ove black$1 etc4 ,aft] ! family
 & ! kit*5  breakfa/ inspect ! cont5ts (
 ! pantries & refrig]ator & plan  ) !   
mi/ress = ! be/ use t c be made (       
left-ov]s4 ,if  s\p is to be made x %\ld
 be put ov] n[1 & dess]ts t are to  be  
s]v$ cold %\ld be prep>$4 ,! ice-box mu/
 be sc\r$ out )  hot wat] & soda ?ree   
times a week1 ! %elves ( ! pantry & !   
refrig]ator wip$ (f e day4    ,ea* morn+
 see :at is want$ 9 ! way ( groc]ies &  
o!r  provisions1 & make a li/ ( :at is  
lack+1 to be h&$ to !  mi/ress be=e %e  
goes to m>ket4 ,aft] ! lun*eon & d9n]   
are  plann$ !re w probably be "t to d a 
little "w outside (  ! kit*5 be=e ! h\r 
= mak+ ready = lun*eon4 ,nev] be        
beh9dh& 9 su* prep>ations s t ! waitress
 is delay$ 9  s]v+4 ,keep ! lun*eon hot 
aft] x comes f ! table1 & h  ! kit*5    

table set ready = ! maids4    ,9 !      
aft]noon !re is usually "t = re/+ &     
*ang+ !  dress4 ,! beg9n+s ( ! d9n] %\ld
 be made 9 season & !  ut5sils us$ %\ld1
 z f> z possible1 be wa%$ z fa/ z !y are
  done ) 9 ord] to prev5t a clutt] ( "w 
:5 ! meal is ov]4  ,wa% ! pots & pans 9 
:i* ! d9n] is cook$ z soon z ! food  is 
out ( !m4 ,scald+ wat] %\ld be put into 
a vessel z soon z  y h f9i%$ us+ x4     
,scald out t[els & fi% & jelly clo?s  z 
soon z y h done ) !m4 ,keep ! s9k clean1
 & wa% x out  ?or\ghly aft] ea* meal4   
,,! ,,waitress ,,& ,,*amb]maid    ,rise 
at six o'clock & be d[n-/airs at        
six-?irty4 ,op5 & air !  rooms on ! fir/
 floor1 bru% (f ! /eps1 sweep out !     
halls1 &  bru% d[n ! /airs4 ,bru% up !  
draw+-room or g ov] ! floor  ) a        
c>pet-sweep]1 wipe up ! h>d-wood floors1
 & du/ ! rooms4  ,if ! woodwork is      
pa9t$1 spots mu/ be wip$ f x4 ,take hot 
wat]  up to b$rooms half to ?ree-qu>t]s 
( an h\r be=e breakfa/1  accord+ to     
directions previ\sly giv5 by mi/ress4   

,wait on table  dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! meal4
 ,pass ! fruit1 (f]+ x f !  left side4  
,take (f fruit-plates f ! "r side1 putt+
 porridge  s]vice 9 ! place ( ! plate   
remov$4 ,(f] porridge1 z sug> &  cream1 
f ! left side1 remove soil$ porridge    
s]vice f "r  side1 putt+ hot plate 9 its
 place4 ,(f] o!r di%es f left side1  or 
if ! plate is s]v$ by ! c>v]1 put x 9   
front ( ! gue/  f "r side4 ,place cup & 
sauc] on ! "r1 (f] sug> &  cream f !    
left4    ,:5 dismiss$ aft] ! s]vice (   
breakfa/1 g up-/airs to !  b$rooms &    
proce$ ) !m z direct$ previ\sly 9 duties
 (  ,g5]al-,h\sework ,maid4 ,h breakfa/ 
:5 summon$ by cook1 cle>  table1 &      
prep>e di%es = wa%+4 ,return to !       
b$rooms1 f9i%  ! "w !re & 9 ! ba?-room1 
& !n wa% di%es1 put !m  away1 & despat* 
o!r "w ( ! d9+-room4 ,see if silv] ne$s 
clean+ & t table-l95 is 9 ord]4 ,poli%  
brasses1 rub (f  furniture1 wa% w9d[s1  
or att5d to o!r "w ( ?is sort4 ,make    
butt]-balls = ! next meal4 ,clean & fill
 lamps4    ,set table = lun* accord+ to 

previ\s directions4 ,wait z at          
breakfa/4 ,be c>eful t no glass is all[$
 to become empty1 & keep  a wat* on !   
plate ( ea* gue/1 (f]+ to repl5i% x z x 
is  empti$4    ,aft] lun*eon cle> !     
table be=e go+ to lun*eon 9 ! kit*54    
,wa% di%es & dress = ! aft]noon1 reque/+
 ! cook to answ]  ! bell :ile y are 9   
y\r room4 ,be 9 read9ess to att5d ! door
  dur+ ! aft]noon4 ,make ! tray ready = 
tea at five o'clock1 &  c>ry x 9 at !   
appo9t$ h\r )\t wait+ = ! ord]4 ,if !   
salad is 9 y\r c>e1 prep>e x 9 "t & see 
t ! mayonnaise1  if ?is is ne$$1 is made
 9 season4 ,set ! table accord+ to      
directions already giv54 ,at dusk draw  
d[n ! %ades & light gas &  lamps 9 hall 
& draw+-room4    ,9 pass+ ! s\p d n use 
a tray1 b put ! s\p-plate d[n 9  front (
 ea* gue/1 f ! "r4 ,remove ! s\p-plate f
 !  "r1 leav+ ! s]vice plate unt\*$4 ,:5
 ! hot d9n]-plates  are br\ght 91 take  
up ! s]vice plate1 sub/itut+ !          
d9n]-plate4 ,br+ ! meat to ! table fir/1
 !n place !  vegetables on ! s]v+-table4

 ,/& back ( ! c>v]1 a little to  ! left4
 ,take ea* plate z he s]ves x & put x   
d[n 9 front (  ! gue/1 f ! "r4 ,pass    
vegetables1 etc41 f ! left4 ,foll[  !   
same plan z has be5 outl9$ e>li] 9 s]v+ 
salad1 sweets1 &  c(fee4    ,%\ld y be  
expect$ to rema9 9 ! d9+-room ?r\gh\t ! 
meal1  ! soil$ di%es mu/ rema9 unt\*$   
until aft] d9n]4 ,if y are  p]mitt$ to  
wait 9 ! pantry1 _m ( ! soil$ di%es c be
 wa%$  dur+ ! meal4    ,:5 c(fee has be5
 s]v$1 g up to ! *amb]s1 remove spreads1
  %ams1 etc41 turn d[n b$s1 & close !   
bl9ds4 ,come d[n to y\r  own d9n]1 & !n 
cle> ! table1 wa% ! di%es1 & put !      
d9+-room 9 ord] = ! night4 ,be ready to 
answ] ! bell dur+  ! ev5+4 ,ab\t t5     
o'clock take ic$ wat] to ! *amb]s4 ,if  
up  lat] ?an ! memb]s ( ! family1 turn  
out lights & lock up4      ,,! ,,end