,,augu/1 #aijb ,,giotto ,,price1 #be ,,c5ts ,ma/]s 9 ,art ,a ,s]ies ( ,illu/rat$ ,monographs ,issu$ ,mon?ly ,,giotto ,,"p #cb ,,volume #c ,bates & ,guild ,company ,publi%]s #add ,congress ,/reet ,bo/on ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,a ,,s]ies ,,( ,,illu/rat$ ,,monographs3 ,,issu$ ,,mon?ly ,,"p #cb ,,augu/1 #aijb ,,volume #c ,giotto ,,cont5ts ,plate ,i4 ,madonna ,en?ron$ ,academy3 ,flor5ce ,plate ,,ii4 ,allegory ( ,pov]ty ,l[] ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,francis3 ,assisi ,plate ,,iii4 ,allegory ( ,*a/ity ,l[] ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,francis3 ,assisi ,plate ,,iv4 ,! ,nativity ,ar5a ,*apel3 ,padua ,plate ,v4 ,! ,entombm5t ,ar5a ,*apel3 ,padua ,plate ,,vi4 ,! ,resurrection ,ar5a ,*apel3 ,padua ,plate ,,vii4 ,! ,dea? ( ,/4 ,francis ,b>di ,*apel1 ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,croce3 ,flor5ce ,plate ,,viii4 ,! ,bir? ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ ,p]uzzi ,*apel1 ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,croce3 ,flor5ce ,plate ,,ix4 ,! ,fea/ ( ,h]od ,p]uzzi ,*apel1 ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,croce3 ,flor5ce ,plate ,x4 ,! ,rais+ ( ,drusiana ,p]uzzi ,*apel1 ,*ur* ( ,s4 ,croce3 ,flor5ce ,portrait ( ,giotto by ,paolo ,uccello3 ,l\vre1 ,p>is ,page #bj ,! ,life ( ,giotto ,page #ba ,julia ,c>twright ,! ,art ( ,giotto ,page #bg ,criticisms by ,vas>i1 ,van ,dyke1 ,colv91 ,rusk91 ,symonds1 ,e4 ,h4 & ,e4 ,w4 ,bla%field1 ,quilt] ,! ,works ( ,giotto3 ,descriptions ( ! ,plates & ,page #ce a ,li/ ( ,pa9t+s ,giotto ,bibliography ,page #ci ,photo-engrav+s by ,folsom ,sun]gr53 ,bo/on4 ,press-"w by ! ,ev]ett ,press3 ,bo/on4 ,,publi%]s' ,,ann\ncem5ts ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art is a s]ies ( concise h&books1 ea* uni=m 9 /yle ) ?is "o1 devot$ to all ( ! great pa9t]s & sculptors4 ,,! ,,price1 p] copy1 po/age paid to any c\ntry 9 ! po/al union1 is tw5ty-five c5ts4 ,,remittances %\ld be made by po/al or express money-ord]1 regi/]$ lett]1 or1 9 am\nts up to #a4jj1 9 "o or two c5t /amps4 ,on p]sonal *ecks drawn on banks outside ( ,bo/on or ,new ,york1 #aj c5ts %\ld be add$ to cov] collection *>ges4 ,,b\nd ,,volumes ( n9e complete ye>s are (f]$ at #d4jj = clo?1 & #d4ge = half-morocco1 express *>ges prepaid4 ,a ,,full ,,li/ ,,( ,,subjects1 ) illu/rations ( ! b\nd volumes1 w be s5t on reque/4 ,,bates ,,guild ,,company1 ,,publi%]s #add ,,congress ,,/reet1 ,,bo/on1 ,,mass4 ,copyright1 #aijb1 by ,bates ,guild ,company1 ,bo/on ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,i ,,giotto ,,madonna ,,en?ron$ ,,academy1 ,,flor5ce ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,,ii ,,photograph ,,by ,,al9>i ,,giotto ,,allegory ,,( ,,pov]ty ,,l[] ,,*ur* ,,( ,,/4 ,,francis1 ,,assisi ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,,iii ,,photograph ,,by ,,al9>i ,,giotto ,,allegory ,,( ,,*a/ity ,,l[] ,,*ur* ,,( ,,/4 ,,francis1 ,,assisi ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,,iv ,,giotto ,,! ,,nativity ,,ar5a ,,*apel1 ,,padua ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,v ,,photograph ,,by ,,raya ,,giotto ,,! ,,entombm5t ,,ar5a ,,*apel1 ,,padua ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,,vi ,,photograph ,,by ,,raya ,,giotto ,,! ,,resurrection ,,ar5a ,,*apel1 ,,padua ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,,vii ,,photograph ,,by ,,&]son ,,giotto ,,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,/4 ,,francis ,,b>di ,,*apel1 ,,*ur* ,,( ,s4 ,,croce1 ,,flor5ce ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,,viii ,,photograph ,,by ,,&]son ,,giotto ,,! ,,bir? ,,( ,,/4 ,,john ,,! ,,bapti/ ,,p]uzzi ,,*apel1 ,,*ur* ,,( ,s4 ,,croce1 ,,flor5ce ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,,ix ,,photograph ,,by ,,&]son ,,giotto ,,! ,,fea/ ,,( ,,h]od ,,p]uzzi ,,*apel1 ,,*ur* ,,( ,s4 ,,croce1 ,,flor5ce ,illu/ration3 ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art ,,plate ,x ,,photograph ,,by ,,&]son ,,giotto ,,! ,,rais+ ,,( ,,drusiana ,,p]uzzi ,,*apel1 ,,*ur* ,,( ,s4 ,,croce1 ,,flor5ce ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,( ,,giotto ,,by ,,paolo ,,uccello ,,l\vre1 ,,p>is ,?is portrait ( ,giotto 0 pa9t$ 9 ! fir/ half ( ! fifte5? c5tury by ,paolo ,uccello1 a ,flor5t9e arti/4 ,x is a detail ( a picture conta9+ five heads1 repres5t+1 besides ,giotto1 ,uccello himself1 ,donatello1 ,brunelles*i1 & ,manetti4 ,vas>i took ! engrav+ = 8 biography ( ,giotto f ?is lik5ess1 :i* 0 probably bas$ ^u "s old] portrait ( ! arti/4 ,he is "h repres5t$ 9 a r$ cloak & head cov]+2 & x w\ld seem t ,uccello's bru% has some:at flatt]$ him1 = we are told t he 0 s+ul>ly ill-favor$ 9 outw>d appe>ance4 ,giotto di ,bondone ,,born #abff7873 ,,di$ #accg ,,flor5t9e ,,s*ool ,,julia ,,c>twright ',,! ,,pa9t]s ,,( ,,flor5ce' ,9 a village ( ,etruria1 writes ,ghib]ti1 ! olde/ hi/orian ( ! ,flor5t9e ,r5aissance1 ,pa9t+ took h] rise4 ,9 o!r words1 ,giotto di ,bondone#a 0 born1 betwe5 #abfe & #abgj1 at ,colle1 9 ! ,commune ( ,vespignano1 a village ( ! ,val ,mugello f\rte5 miles f ,flor5ce4 ,!re ! boy1 :o _h be5 call$ ,angiolo1 aft] 8 gr&fa!r1 & w5t by ! nickname ( ,angiolotto1 or ,giotto1 kept 8 fa!r's flocks on ! grassy slopes ( ! ,ap5n9es1 & 0 f\nd "o day by ,cimabue1 z he rode ov] ! hills1 draw+ a %eep ) a %>p /one ^u a rock4 ,full ( surprise at ! *ild's tal5t = draw+1 ! great pa9t] ask$ him if he w\ld g back ) him to ,flor5ce2 to :i* bo? ! boy & 8 fa!r1 a poor peasant nam$ ,bondone1 gladly agre$4 ,?us1 at t5 ye>s old1 ,giotto 0 tak5 /raight f ! %eepfolds & appr5tic$ to ! fir/ pa9t] 9 ,flor5ce4 ,su* is ! /ory told by ,ghib]ti & confirm$ by ,leon>do da ,v9ci1 :o1 writ+ half a c5tury be=e ,vas>i1 rem>ks t ,giotto took nature = 8 guide1 & began by draw+ ! %eep & goats :i* he h]d$ on ! rocks4 ,footnote #a3 ,pron\nc$ ,jottoe dee ,bon-doenay4 ,ano!r v]sion ( ! /ory ( ,giotto's boyhood is t he 0 appr5tic$ to a wool-m]*ant ( ,flor5ce1 b t in/ead ( go+ to "w he sp5t 8 "t 9 wat*+ ! arti/s 9 ,cimabue's %op2 ^u :i* 8 fa!r appli$ to ! ma/] :o cons5t$ to tea* ! boy pa9t+4 ,! natural vivacity & intellig5ce ( ! "y /ud5t soon made him a favorite 9 ,cimabue's work%op1 :ile 8 extraord9>y aptitude = draw+ became e day m app>5t4 ,! leg5ds ( 8 m>vel\s skill1 ! /ories ( ! fly t ,cimabue va9ly tri$ to bru% (f 8 picture1 ( ! r\nd ,o :i* he drew be=e ! pope's envoy ) "o sweep ( 8 p5cil1 are pro(s ( ! wond] & admiration :i* ,giotto's attempts to foll[ nature m closely excit$ among 8 contempor>ies4 ,?is latt] /ory is told by ,vas>i z foll[s3 ,! pope s5t "o ( 8 c\rti]s to ,tuscany to asc]ta9 :at k9d ( man ,giotto might be1 & :at 7 8 works2 t pontiff !n propos+ to h c]ta9 pa9t+s execut$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,pet]4 ,! mess5g] spoke fir/ ) _m arti/s 9 ,si5a2 !n1 hav+ receiv$ designs f !m1 he proce$$ to ,flor5ce1 & repair$ "o morn+ to ! work%op :]e ,giotto 0 occupi$ ) 8 labors4 ,he decl>$ ! purpose ( ! pope1 & f9ally reque/$ to h a draw+ t he might s5d x to 8 hol9ess4 ,giotto1 :o 0 v c\rte\s1 took a %eet ( pap] & a p5cil dipp$ 9 a r$ color1 !n1 re/+ 8 elb[ on 8 side to =m a sort ( compass1 ) "o turn ( ! h& he drew a circle1 s p]fect & exact t x 0 a m>vel to behold4 ,?is done1 he turn$ smil+ to ! c\rti]1 say+1 ',"h is y\r draw+4' ',am ,i to h no?+ m ?an ?is8' inquir$ ! latt]1 conceiv+ himself to be je/$ )4 ',t is en\gh & to sp>e1' return$ ,giotto4 ',s5d x ) ! re/1 & y w see if x w n be recogniz$4' ,! mess5g]1 unable to obta9 any?+ m1 w5t away v ill-satisfi$ & fe>+ t he _h be5 fool$4 ,nev]!less1 hav+ despat*$ ! o!r draw+s to ! pope ) ! names ( ^? :o _h done !m he s5t t ( ,giotto also1 relat+ ! mode 9 :i* he _h made 8 circle1 )\t mov+ 8 arm & )\t compasses2 f :i* ! pope1 & su* ( ! c\rti]s z 7 well v]s$ 9 ! subject1 p]ceiv$ h[ f> ,giotto surpass$ all ! o!r pa9t]s ( 8 "t4 ,no d\bt ! boldness & orig9ality ( 8 g5ius soon l$ ,giotto to ab&on ! purely conv5tional /yle ( art !n 9 use1 & to seek aft] a m natural & lifelike =m ( expression4 ,& e>ly 9 8 c>e] he 0 probably influ5c$ by ! example ( ! sculptor ,giovanni ,pisano1 :o 0 actively engag$ on 8 great works 9 ,tuscany & ,umbria at ?is "t4 ,! e>lie/ examples ( ,giotto's /yle t rema9 to u are "s small panels at ,muni*2 b a l>g] & bett]-kn[n "w is ! ',madonna ,en?ron$1' 9 ! ,academy at ,flor5ce1 :i*1 al?\gh ar*aic 9 type1 has a vigor & reality t are :olly want+ 9 ,cimabue's ,madonna 9 ! same room4 ,b x is to ,assisi t we mu/ turn = a full] record ( ,giotto's tra9+ & developm5t4 ,"h1 9 ! old ,umbrian city :]e ,/4 ,francis _h liv$ & di$1 0 ! great d\ble *ur* :i* ! alms ( ,*ri/5dom _h rais$ above 8 burial-place4 ,un=tunately ! records ( ! ,franciscan conv5t are sil5t z to ! pa9t]s ( ! frescos :i* cov] its walls1 & nei!r ,cimabue nor ,giotto is once m5tion$4 ,b ,ghib]ti1 ,vas>i1 & ! lat] ,franciscan hi/orian1 ,rudolphus1 all agree 9 say+ t ,giotto came to ,assisi ) 8 ma/] ,cimabue & !re pa9t$ ! l[] c\rse ( frescos 9 ! nave ( ! ,upp] ,*ur*4444 ,9 #abih ,giotto 0 invit$ to ,rome by ,c>d9al ,/efanes*i1 ! pope's nephew & a g5]\s patron ( art4 ,at 8 bidd+ ,giotto design$ ! fam\s mosaic ( ! ',navicella1' or ',%ip ( ! ,*ur*1' :i* hangs 9 ! ve/ibule ( ,/4 ,pet]'s4 ,little trace ( ! orig9al "w n[ rema9s4 ,m wor?y ( /udy is ! alt>-piece :i* he pa9t$ = ! c>d9al1 & :i* is /ill pres]v$ 9 ! sacri/y ( ,/4 ,pet]'s4 ,pope ,boniface1 we are told by ,vas>i1 0 deeply impress$ by ,giotto's m]its1 & load$ him ) honors & rew>ds2 b ! frescos :i* he 0 employ$ to pa9t 9 ! old basilica ( ,/4 ,pet]'s p]i%$ long ago1 & ! only "w ( 8 n[ rema9+ 9 ,rome besides ! ',navicella1' is ! damag$ fresco ( ,pope ,boniface proclaim+ ! ,jubilee1 on a pill> ( ! ,lat]an ,*ur*4 ,?is la/ pa9t+ proves t ,giotto 0 9 ,rome dur+ ! ye> #acjj1 :5 bo? 8 fell[-citiz5s ,dante & ! hi/orian ,giovanni ,villani 7 pres5t 9 ! ,et]nal ,city4 ,! poet 0 an intimate fri5d ( ! pa9t]2 &1 aft] 8 return to ,flor5ce1 ,giotto introduc$ ,dante's portrait 9 an alt>-piece ( ',p>adise' :i* he pa9t$ = ! *apel ( ! ,pode/ ,palace4 ,b s9ce ?is *apel 0 burn$ d[n 9 #accb1 & n rebuilt until aft] ,giotto's dea?1 ! fresco ( ,dante1 :i* 0 discov]$ "s ye>s ago on ! walls ( ! pres5t build+1 mu/ h be5 copi$ by "o ( 8 foll[]s f ! orig9al pa9t+4 ,x 0 probably dur+ an int]val ( 8 j\rney back to ,flor5ce1 or on "s o!r visit to ,assisi dur+ ! next few ye>s1 t ,giotto pa9t$ 8 frescos 9 ! ,l[] ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,francis 9 t city4 ,*ief among ^! are ! f\r great allegories on ! vault$ ro( above ! high alt>1 illu/rat+ ! mean+ ( ! ?ree mona/ic ,virtues1 ,ob$i5ce1 ,*a/ity1 & ,pov]ty1 :om1 accord+ to ! leg5d1 ! sa9t met walk+ on ! road to ,si5a 9 ! =m ( ?ree fair maid5s1 & :om he held up to 8 foll[]s z ! sum ( evangelical p]fection4 ,^! allegories are n ! only works :i* ,giotto execut$ 9 ! ,l[] ,*ur* ( ,assisi4 ,ghib]ti's /atem5t t he pa9t$ almo/ ! :ole ( ! ,l[] ,*ur* is confirm$ by ,rudolphus1 :o m5tions ! s]ies ( frescos ( ! *ildhood ( ,*ri/ & ! ',crucifixion' 9 ! "r transept z be+ by 8 h&4 ,9 _! pres5t ru9$ condition x is n easy to di/+ui% betwe5 ! "w ( ! ma/] & t ( 8 assi/ants2 b ! :ole s]ies be>s ! /amp ( ,giotto's inv5tion4 ,! next important works :i* he pa9t$ 7 ! frescos 9 ! ,ar5a ,*apel at ,padua1 built 9 #acjc1 by ,enrico ,scrovegno1 :o two ye>s lat] invit$ ,giotto to decorate ! int]ior ) frescos4 ,:5 ,dante visit$ ,padua1 9 #acjf1 he f\nd 8 fri5d ,giotto liv+ !re ) 8 wife1 ,madonna ,ciut1 & 8 "y family1 & 0 honorably ent]ta9$ by ! pa9t] 9 8 own h\se4 ,! poet (t5 wat*$ ,giotto at "w1 ) 8 *ildr51 :o 7 z ill-favor$ z himself1 play+ ar\nd1 & wond]$ h[ x 0 t ! creations ( 8 bra9 7 s mu* fair] ?an 8 own (fspr+4 ,giotto's small /ature & insignificant appe>ance seem to h be5 con/antly ! subject ( 8 fri5ds' good-humor$ je/s2 & ,petr>* & ,boccaccio bo? speak ( him z an in/ance ( r>e g5ius conceal$ "u a pla9 & unga9ly ext]ior4 ,b ?is unattractive appe>ance 0 r$eem$ by a k9dly & joy\s nature1 a ke5 s5se ( humor1 & unfail+ *e]fulness1 :i* made him ! gaye/ & mo/ pleasant companion4444 ,! fame :i* ,giotto already enjoy$ beyond ! walls ( ,flor5ce 0 greatly increas$ by 8 works 9 ,padua1 & be=e he left !re he receiv$ & execut$ _m commissions4 ,f ,padua1 ,vas>i tells u1 he w5t on to ! neighbor+ city ( ,v]ona1 :]e he pa9t$ ! portrait ( ,dante's fri5d & protector1 ,c ,gr&e della ,scala1 z well z o!r works 9 ! ,franciscan *ur*1 & !n proce$$ to ,f]r>a & ,rav5na at ! invitation ( ! ,e/e & ,pol5ta pr9ces4 ,all 8 works 9 ! cities ( ,nor? ,italy1 h[ev]1 h p]i%$1 & x is to ,flor5ce t we mu/ turn = ! ?ird & la/ rema9+ cycle ( 8 frescos4 ,! great ,franciscan *ur* ( ,santa ,croce _h be5 erect$ 9 ! la/ ye>s ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & ! pr\de/ ,flor5t9e families ha/5$ to build *apels at _! own exp5se z a m>k ( _! devotion to ! popul> sa9t4 ,f\r ( ^! *apels 7 decorat$ ) frescos by ,giotto's h&1 b 7 all :itewa%$ 9 #agad1 :5 ,santa ,croce und]w5t a ?or\gh re/oration4 ,! frescos :i* he pa9t$ 9 ! ,guigni & ,sp9elli *apels h be5 entirely de/roy$2 b )9 ! la/ fifty ye>s ! :itewa% has be5 successfully remov$ f ! walls ( ! ,b>di & ,p]uzzi *apels1 & ! f9e/ ( ,giotto's works t rema9 to u h be5 br\ght to light4 ,"h 8 unrival$ p[]s z a great epic pa9t] are reveal$1 & we realize 8 intimate k ( human nature & 8 pr(\nd sympa?y ) e =m ( life4 ,! exact date ( ^! frescos rema9s unc]ta91 b !y 7 probably pa9t$ soon aft] #acbj4 ,rec5t rese>* has z yet ?r[n little light ^u ! *ronology ( ,giotto's life1 & all we c discov] is an occasional notice ( ! works :i* he execut$1 or ( ! prop]ty :i* he own$ 9 ,flor5ce4 ,vas>i's /atem5t1 t he succe$$ to ,cimabue's h\se & %op 9 ! ,via del ,cocom]o1 ,flor5ce1 is borne out by ! w ( ! ,flor5t9e citiz5 ,r9uccio1 :o1 dy+ 9 #acab1 describes ! excell5t pa9t] ,giotto di ,bondone z a p>i%ion] ( ,santa ,m>ia ,novella1 & bequea!s a sum ( five p\nds ( small flor9s to keep a lamp burn+ night & day be=e a crucifix pa9t$ by ! said ma/] 9 ! ,dom9ican *ur*4 ,( ,giotto's eight *ildr51 ! elde/1 ,francesco1 became a pa9t]1 & :5 8 fa!r 0 abs5t f ,flor5ce manag$ ! small prop]ty :i* ,giotto _h inh]it$ at 8 old home ( ,vespignano4 ,! pa9t]'s family liv$ *iefly at ?is c\ntry home1 ( :i* ,giotto himself 0 v fond2 & contempor>y writ]s give u pleasant glimpses ( ! great ma/]'s excursions to ,val ,mugello4 ,boccaccio tells u h[ "o day1 z ,giotto & ! le>n$ advocate ,mess] ,=ese1 :o1 l himself1 0 %ort & insignificant 9 appe>ance1 7 rid+ out to ,vespignano1 !y 7 caught 9 a %[] ( ra9 & =c$ to borr[ cloaks & hats f ! peasants4 ,well1 ,giotto1 said ! lawy]1 z !y trott$ back to ,flor5ce clad 9 ^! old clo!s & bespatt]$ ) mud f head to foot1 if a /rang] 7 to meet y n[ w\ld he ev] suppose t y 7 ! fir/ pa9t] 9 ,flor5ce8 ,c]ta9ly he w\ld1 0 ,giotto's prompt reply1 if behold+ y\r wor%ip he c\ld imag9e = a mom5t t y _h le>n$ y\r ,a ,b ,c6 ,& ! noveli/ ,sac*etti relates h[ ! great ma/] rode out to ,san ,gallo "o ,sunday aft]noon ) a p>ty ( fri5ds1 & h[ !y fell 9 ) a h]d ( sw9e1 "o ( :i* ran betwe5 ,giotto's legs & ?rew him d[n4 ,aft] all1 ! pigs are q "r1 said ! pa9t] z he scrambl$ to 8 feet & %ook ! du/ f 8 clo!s1 :5 ,i ?9k h[ _m ?\s&s ( cr[ns ,i h e>n$ ) _! bri/les )\t ev] giv+ !m ev5 a b[l ( s\p6 ,a m s]i\s in/ance ( ,giotto's p[] ( satire is to be f\nd 9 8 song aga9/ ,volunt>y ,pov]ty1 9 :i* he n only d5\nces ! vice & hypocrisy (t5 work+ b5ea? ! cloak ( mona/ic p]fection1 b hone/ly expresses 8 own av]sion to pov]ty z a ?+ miscall$ a virtue4 ,! :ole poem is ( great int]e/1 com+ z x does f ! p5 ( ! *os5 pa9t] ( ! ,franciscan ,ord]1 & z %[+ ! indep5d5ce ( ,giotto's "*4 ,! extraord9>y indu/ry ( ! man is se5 by ! long li/ ( panel-pictures z well z wall-pa9t+s :i* are m5tion$ by e>ly writ]s4 ,^! h f>$ ev5 worse ?an 8 frescos4 ,! picture ( ',! ,commune' 9 ! great hall ( ! ,pode/ ,palace1 :i* ,vas>i describes z ( v beautiful & +5i\s inv5tion1 ! small temp]a pa9t+ ( ! ',dea? ( ! ,virg91' on :i* ,mi*elangelo lov$ to gaze1 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,ognissanti1 ,flor5ce1 ! ',madonna' :i* 0 s5t to ,petr>* at ,avignon1 & :i* he left z 8 mo/ preci\s possession to 8 fri5d ,francesco di ,c>r>a1 h all p]i%$4 ,"o panel1 h[ev]1 describ$ by ,vas>i1 is /ill 9 exi/5ce--an alt>-piece orig9ally pa9t$ = a *ur* 9 ,pisa1 & n[ 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,9 #accj ,giotto 0 invit$ to ,naples by ,k+ ,rob]t1 :o receiv$ him ) ! highe/ honor1 & issu$ a decree grant+ ?is *os5 & fai?ful s]vant all ! privileges enjoy$ by memb]s ( ! royal h\sehold4 ,ghib]ti tells u t ,giotto pa9t$ ! hall ( ,k+ ,rob]t's palace1 & ,petr>* alludes 9 "o ( 8 epi/les to ! frescos ) :i* he adorn$ ! royal *apel ( ! ,ca/ello dell' ,uovo4 ,d n fail1 he writes1 to visit ! royal *apel1 :]e my contempor>y1 ,giotto1 ! greate/ pa9t] ( 8 age1 has left su* spl5did monum5ts ( 8 p5cil & g5ius4 ,all ^! works h be5 de/roy$1 & ano!r s]ies ( frescos1 :i* he execut$ 9 ! ,franciscan *ur* ( ,santa ,*i>a1 7 :itewa%$ 9 ! la/ c5tury by ord] ( a ,spani% gov]nor1 :o compla9$ t !y made ! *ur* too d>k6 ,k+ ,rob]t appreciat$ ! pa9t]'s company z mu* z 8 tal5t1 & enjoy$ ! frankness ( 8 spee* & ready je/4 ,well1 ,giotto1 he said1 z he wat*$ ! arti/ at "w "o summ] day1 if ,i 7 y ,i w\ld leave (f pa9t+ :ile ! wea!r is s hot4 ,s w\ld ,i 7 ,i ,k+ ,rob]t1 0 ,giotto's prompt reply4 ,ano!r "t ! k+ ask$ him to introduce a symbol ( 8 k+dom 9 a hall conta9+ portraits ( illu/ri\s m51 ^u :i* ,giotto1 )\t a ^w1 pa9t$ a donkey we>+ a saddle embroid]$ ) ! royal cr[n & scept]1 paw+ & sniff+ at ano!r saddle ly+ on ! gr\nd be>+ ! same device4 ,su* are y\r subjects1 expla9$ ! arti/1 ) a sly allusion to ! fickle temp] ( ! ,neapolitans4 ,e day !y seek a new ma/]4 ,9 #accc ,giotto 0 /ill 9 ,naples1 & ,k+ ,rob]t1 x is said1 promis$ to make him ! fir/ man 9 ! realm if he w\ld rema9 at 8 c\rt2 b e>ly 9 ! foll[+ ye> he 0 summon$ back to ,flor5ce by ! ,signory1 &1 on ! twelf? ( ,april1 #accd1 0 appo9t$ ,*ief ,ar*itect ( ! ,/ate & ,ma/] ( ! ,ca!dral ,works4 ,s9ce ! dea? ( its ar*itect1 ,arnolfo1 9 #acaj1 ! progress ( ! ca!dral _h langui%$2 b n[ ! magi/rates decl>$ _! int5tion ( erect+ a bell-t[] :i* 9 height & beauty %\ld surpass all t ! ,greeks & ,romans _h accompli%$ 9 ! days ( _! greate/ pride4 ,= ?is purpose1 ! decree runs1 we h *os5 ,giotto di ,bondone1 pa9t]1 our great & de> ma/]1 s9ce nei!r 9 ! city nor 9 ! :ole _w is !re any o!r to be f\nd s well fitt$ = ?is & simil> tasks4 ,giotto lo/ no "t 9 prep>+ designs = ! beautiful ,campanile :i* be>s 8 "n2 & on ! eigh? ( ,july ! f\ndations ( ! new t[] 7 laid ) great solemnity4 ,villani describes ! impos+ processions t 7 held & ! imm5se multitudes :i* att5d$ ! c]emony1 & adds t ! ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,works 0 ,mae/ro ,giotto1 our own citiz51 ! mo/ sov]eign ma/] ( pa9t+ 9 8 "t1 & ! "o :o drew figures & repres5t$ action 9 ! mo/ lifelike mann]4 ,giotto receiv$ a sal>y ( "o hundr$ gold5 flor9s f ! /ate = 8 excell5ce & goodness1 & 0 /rictly enjo9$ n to leave ,flor5ce aga9 )\t ! p]mission ( ! ,signory4 ,9 #acce1 h[ev]1 we he> ( him 9 ,milan1 :i!r he _h gone by ord] ( ! ,signory at ! urg5t reque/ ( _! ally ,azzo ,visconti1 ,"l ( ,milan4 ,"h1 9 ! old ducal palace1 ,giotto pa9t$ a s]ies ( frescos ( :i* no trace n[ rema9s1 & !n hurri$ back to ,flor5ce to resume 8 "w on ! ,campanile4 ,ano!r invitation rea*$ him f ,pope ,b5$ict ,,xii41 :o (f]$ him a l>ge sal>y if he w\ld take up 8 resid5ce at ! papal c\rt at ,avignon4 ,b x 0 too late2 &1 z an old *ronicl] writes1 ,heav5 will$ t ! royal city ( ,milan %\ld ga!r ! la/ fruits ( ?is noble plant4 ,soon aft] 8 return to ,flor5ce ,giotto fell sudd5ly ill1 & di$ on ! eigh? ( ,janu>y1 #accg4 ,he 0 buri$ ) great honor 9 ! ca!dral4 ,m ?an a hundr$ ye>s lat]1 :5 ,flor5ce _h rea*$ ! height ( spl5dor & prosp]ity "u ! rule ( ! ,m$ici1 ,lor5zo ! ,magnific5t plac$ a m>ble bu/ on ,giotto's tomb1 & employ$ ,angelo ,poliziano to compose ! ,lat9 epitaph :i* gave pr\d utt]ance to ! v5]ation 9 :i* ! great ma/] 0 held alike by 8 contempor>ies & by po/]ity3 ,lo1 ,i am he by :om dead ,pa9t+ 0 re/or$ to life2 to ^: "r h& all 0 possible2 by :om ,art became "o ) ,nature4 ,none ev] pa9t$ m or bett]4 ,d y wond] at yon fair t[] :i* holds ! sacr$ bells8 ,"k t x 0 ,i :o bade h] rise t[>ds ! />s4 ,= ,i am ,giotto--:at ne$ is !re to tell ( my "w8 ,long z v]se lives1 my "n %all endure6 ,! ,art ( ,giotto ,,giorgio ,,vas>i ',,lives ,,( ,,! ,,pa9t]s' ,! gratitude :i* ! ma/]s 9 pa9t+ owe to nature is due1 9 my judgm5t1 to ! ,flor5t9e pa9t] ,giotto1 see+ t he alone--al?\gh born amid/ incapable arti/s & at a "t :5 all good me?ods 9 art _h long be5 entomb$ b5ea? ! ru9s ( w>--yet1 by ! favor ( ,heav51 he1 ,i say1 alone succe$$ 9 resuscitat+ ,art1 & re/or+ h] to a pa? t may be call$ ! true "o4 ,,john ,c4 ,,van ,,dyke ',,hi/ory ,,( ,,pa9t+' ,x w\ld seem t no?+ b self-de/ruction c\ld come to ! /ruggl+1 pray+1 ?roat-cutt+ population t t]roriz$ ,italy dur+ ! m$ieval p]iod4 ,! p 7 ignorant1 ! rul]s trea*]\s1 ! passions /rong2 & yet out ( ! ,d>k ,ages came light4 ,9 ! ?irte5? c5tury ! light grew bright]4 ,! _s ( le>n+ %[$ itself 9 ! f\nd+ ( s*ools & univ]sities4 ,dante1 ,petr>*1 & ,boccaccio1 reflect+ respectively religion1 classic le>n+1 & ! incl9ation t[>d nature1 liv$ & gave indication ( ! tr5d ( ?\ght4 ,f9ally ! arts--ar*itecture1 sculpture1 pa9t+--began to /ir & take ^u !mselves new appe>ances4 ,9 pa9t+1 ?\gh !re 7 "s portraits & allegorical sc5es produc$ dur+ ! ,go?ic p]iod1 ! *ief !me 0 ,bible /ory4 ,! ,*ur* 0 ! patron1 & art 0 only ! s]vant1 z x _h be5 f ! beg9n+4 ,x _h n entirely escap$ f symbolism4 ,x 0 /ill ! portrayal ( ?+s = :at !y meant r ?an = :at !y look$4 ,!re 0 no su* ?+ !n z art = art's sake4 ,x 0 art = religion's sake4 ,! dem& = pa9t+ increas$1 & its subjects multipli$ ) ! e/abli%m5t at ?is "t ( ! two p[]ful ord]s ( ,dom9ican & ,franciscan monks4 ,! fir/ exact$ f ! pa9t]s m le>n$ & in/ructive "w2 ! second wi%$ = ! crucifixions1 ! m>tyrdoms1 ! dramatic dea?s :]e) to move p by emotional appeal4 ,9 consequ5ce pa9t+ produc$ _m !mes1 b1 z yet1 only aft] ! ,byzant9e /yle4 ,! pa9t] 0 m ( a workman ?an an arti/4 ,! ,*ur* _h m use = 8 f+]s ?an = 8 creative ability4 ,x 0 8 bus9ess to transcribe :at _h gone be=e4 ,?is he did1 b n )\t signs "h & !re ( uneas9ess & discont5t ) ! patt]n4 ,!re 0 an incl9ation t[>d some?+ tru] to nature1 b z yet no great realization ( x4 ,! /udy ( nature came 9 v sl[ly4 ,! advance ( ,italian art 9 ! ,go?ic age 0 an advance ?r\gh ! developm5t ( ! impos$ ,byzant9e patt]n4 ,:5 p began to /ir intellectually ! arti/s f\nd t ! old ,byzant9e model did n look l nature4 ,!y began n by reject+ x b by improv+ x1 giv+ x slight movem5ts "h & !re1 turn+ ! head1 ?r[+ out a h&1 or %ift+ ! folds ( drap]y4 ,! ,ea/]n type 0 /ill se5 9 ! long pa!tic face1 oblique eyes1 gre5 fle%-t9ts1 /iff robes1 ?9 f+]s1 & abs5ce ( feet2 b ! pa9t]s n[ began to modify & enliv5 x4 ,m reali/ic ,italian faces 7 introduc$2 ar*itectural & l&scape backgr\nds encroa*$ ^u ! ,byzant9e gold gr\nds2 ev5 portraiture 0 tak5 up4 ,! pa9t]s 7 tak+ notes ( natural appe>ances4 ,no "o pa9t] began ?is movem5t4 ,! :ole arti/ic region ( ,italy 0 at t "t ready = ! advance4 ,cimabue seems ! mo/ notable in/ance 9 e>ly times ( a ,byzant9e-educat$ pa9t] :o improv$ ^u ! traditions4 ,he has be5 call$ ! fa!r ( ,italian pa9t+2 b ,italian pa9t+ _h no fa!r4 ,cimabue 0 simply a man ( m orig9ality & ability ?an 8 contempor>ies1 & dep>t$ fur!r f ! art tea*+s ( ! "t )\t decid$ly oppos+ !m4 ,he reta9$ ! ,byzant9e patt]n1 b loos5$ ! l9es ( drap]y some:at1 turn$ ! head to "o side1 & infus$ ! figure ) a little appe>ance ( life4 ,cimabue's pupil1 ,giotto1 0 a great improv] on all 8 pr$ecessors because he 0 a man ( extraord9>y g5ius4 ,he w\ld h be5 great 9 any "t1 & yet he 0 n great en\gh to ?r[ (f :olly ! ,byzant9e traditions4 ,he tri$ to d x4 ,he /udi$ nature 9 a g5]al way1 *ang$ ! type ( face some:at1 & gave x expression & nobility4 ,to ! figure he gave m motion1 dramatic ge/ure1 life4 ,! drap]y 0 ca/ 9 broad]1 simpl] masses ) "s reg>d = l9e1 & ! =m & movem5t ( ! body 7 some:at emphasiz$ ?r\gh x4 ,9 me?ods ,giotto 0 m kn[+1 b n ess5tially diff]5t f 8 contempor>ies2 8 subjects 7 f ! common /ock ( religi\s /ory1 b 8 imag9ative =ce & inv5tion 7 8 own4 ,b\nd by ! conv5tionalities ( 8 "t1 he c\ld /ill create a "w ( nobility & p[]4 ,he came too e>ly = ! highe/ a*ievem5t4 ,he _h g5ius1 feel+1 fancy--almo/ ev]y?+ except accurate k ( ! laws ( nature & ( art4 ,8 art 0 ! be/ ( its "t1 b x 0 /ill lack+1 nor did t ( 8 imm$iate foll[]s g mu* beyond x te*nically4 ,,sydney ,,colv9 ',,encyclop,,dia ,,britannica' ,giotto1 relatively to 8 age "o ( ! greate/ & mo/ complete ( arti/s1 fills 9 ! hi/ory ( ,italian pa9t+ a place analog\s to t :i* seems to h be5 fill$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ,greek pa9t+ by ,polygnotus4 ,t is to say1 he liv$ at a "t :5 ! res\rces ( 8 art 7 /ill 9 _! infancy1 b consid]+ ! limits ( ^? res\rces 8 a*ievem5ts 7 ! highe/ possible4 ,at ! close ( ! ,middle ,age he laid ! f\ndations ^u :i* all ! progress ( ! ,r5aissance 0 aft]w>ds securely bas$4 ,9 ! days ( ,giotto ! k possess$ by pa9t]s ( ! human frame & its /ructure re/$ only ^u g5]al obs]vation & n ^u any m9ute1 prolong$1 or sci5tific /udy2 :ile to facts o!r ?an ^? ( humanity _! obs]vation _h nev] be5 closely direct$4 ,( l9e> p]spective !y possess$ few ideas1 & ^! elem5t>y & empirical1 & sc>cely any ideas at all ( arial p]spective or ( ! conduct ( light & %ade4 ,z f> z pa9t+ c\ld ev] be c>ri$ "u ^! conditions1 s f> x 0 c>ri$ by ,giotto4 ,9 its *oice ( subjects 8 art is entirely subs]vi5t to ! religi\s _s ( 8 age4 ,ev5 9 its mode ( conceiv+ & arrang+ ^? subjects1 x is 9 "p /ill trammel$ by ! rules & consecrat$ traditions ( ! pa/4 ,?us x is z f> f be+ a p]fectly free z f be+ a p]fectly accompli%$ =m ( art4 ,_m ( ^? tru?s ( nature to :i* ! pa9t]s ( succe$+ g5]ations le>n$ to give accurate & complete expression1 ,giotto 0 only able to express by way ( imp]fect symbol & sugge/ion4 ,b 9 spite ( ^! limitations & %ortcom+s1 & al?\gh he _h (t5 to be cont5t ) express+ tru?s ( space & =m conv5tionally or inadequately1 & tru?s ( /ructure & action approximately1 & tru?s ( light & %ad[ n at all1 yet among ! elem5ts ov] :i* he _h control he ma9ta9$ s j a balance t 8 "w produces 9 ! spectator less s5se ( imp]fection ?an t ( _m lat] & m accompli%$ ma/]s4 ,he is "o ( ! lea/ "o-sid$ ( arti/s1 & 8 art1 x has be5 ju/ly said1 resumes & conc5trates all ! atta9m5ts ( 8 "t n less truly ?an all ! atta9m5ts ( ! cr[n+ age ( ,italian art are resum$ & conc5trat$ 9 ,raphael4 ,9 "s p>ticul>s ! pa9t+ ( ,giotto 0 nev] surpass$1--9 ! judici\s division ( ! field & mass+ & scatt]+ ( gr\ps1 9 ! union ( dignity 9 ! types ) appropriat5ess 9 ! occupations ( ! p]sonages1 9 /r5g? & directness ( intellectual grasp & dramatic motive1 9 ! comb9ation ( p]fect gravity ) p]fect frankness 9 conception1 & ( a noble sev]ity 9 design ) a great *>m ( h>mony & purity 9 color4 ,! e>li] ,byzant9e & ,roman work]s 9 mosaic _h bequea!d to him ! high ab/ract qualities ( _! practice--_! balance1 _! impressiv5ess1 _! gr& in/9ct ( decoration2 b :ile !y _h compass$ ^! qualities at an entire sacrifice ( life & animation1 x is ! glory ( ,giotto to h be5 ! fir/ among 8 c\ntrym5 to brea! life into art1 & to h quick5$ its /ately rigidity ) ! fire ( natural incid5t & emotion4 ,x 0 ?is conque/1 ?is t\* ( ! magician1 ?is /rik+ ( ! sympa!tic notes ( life & reality1 t *iefly gave ,giotto 8 imm5se reputation among 8 contempor>ies1 & made him ! fit expon5t ( ! vivid1 p5etrat+1 & practical g5ius ( emancipat$ ,flor5ce4 ,8 is "o ( ! few names 9 hi/ory :i*1 hav+ become great :ile its be>] liv$1 has su/a9$ no loss ( greatness ?r\gh subsequ5t g5]ations4 ,,john ,,rusk9 ',,giotto ,,& ,,8 ,,works ,,9 ,,padua' ,9 ! "o pr9ciple ( close imitation ( nature lay ,giotto's great /r5g? & ! entire secret ( ! revolution he effect$4 ,x 0 n by great] le>n+1 nor by ! discov]y ( new !ories ( art2 n by great] ta/e1 nor by ideal pr9ciples ( selection t he became ! head ( ! progressive s*ools ( ,italy4 ,x 0 simply by be+ int]e/$ 9 :at 0 go+ on ar\nd him1 by sub/itut+ ! ge/ures ( liv+ m5 = conv5tional attitudes1 & portraits ( liv+ m5 = conv5tional faces1 & incid5ts ( e-day life = conv5tional circum/ances1 t he became great1 & ! ma/] ( ! great4 ,,john ,,add+ton ,,symonds ',,r5aissance ,,9 ,,italy' ,! tale told ab\t ,giotto's fir/ essay 9 draw+ might be *os5 z a p>able3 he 0 n f\nd b5ea? a *ur* ro( trac+ a mosaic1 b on ! op5 m\nta91 try+ to draw ! portrait ( ! liv+ ?+ committ$ to 8 c>e4 ,:at1 !re=e1 ,giotto gave to art 01 be=e all ?+s else1 vitality4 ,8 ,madonnas are no long] symbols ( a c]ta9 phase ( pi\s awe1 b pictures ( mat]nal love4 ,! ,bride ( ,god suckles h] div9e infant ) a smile1 wat*es him play+ ) a bird1 or /ret*es out h] arms to take him :5 he turns cry+ f ! h&s ( ! circumcis+ prie/4 ,by *oos+ incid5ts l ^! f real home life1 ,giotto1 ?r\gh 8 pa9t+1 humaniz$ ! my/]ies ( fai?1 & br\ght !m close to common feel+4 ,nor 0 ! *ange less 9 8 me?od ?an 8 motives4 ,be=e 8 day pa9t+ _h be5 )\t composition1 )\t *>m ( color1 )\t sugge/ion ( movem5t or ! play ( liv+ en]gy4 ,he fir/ knew h[ to di/ribute figures 9 ! giv5 space ) p]fect balance1 & h[ to mass !m toge!r 9 animat$ gr\ps agreeable to ! eye4 ,he caught v>i$ & transi5t %ades ( emotion1 & express$ !m by ! po/ure ( ! body & ! play ( feature4 ,! hues ( morn+ & ( ev5+ s]v$ him4 ,( all pa9t]s he 0 mo/ successful 9 pres]v+ ! cle>ness & ! light ( pure1 well-temp]$ colors4 ,8 p[] ( tell+ a /ory by ge/ure & action is unique 9 its peculi> simplicity4 ,!re are no ornam5ts or accessories 9 8 pictures4 ,! :ole =ce ( ! arti/ has be5 conc5trat$ on r5d]+ ! image ( ! life conceiv$ by him4 ,rely+ on 8 k ( human nature1 & seek+ only to make 8 subject intelligible1 no pa9t] is m unaffect$ly pa!tic1 m unconsci\sly maje/ic4 ,:ile "u ! influ5ce ( 8 g5ius we are s9c]ely glad t ! requisite sci5ce = clev] imitation ( l&scape & ar*itectural backgr\nds 0 n =?com+ 9 8 age4 ,art _h to g ?r\gh a toilsome p]iod ( geometrical & anatomical p$antry be=e x c\ld v5ture1 9 ! frescos ( ,mi*elangelo & ,raphael1 to return ) great] weal? ( k on a high] level to ! div9e simplicity ( its *ildhood 9 ,giotto4 ,9 ! draw+ ( ! figure ,giotto 0 surpass$ by _m mean] arti/s ( ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,nor _h he t quality ( g5ius :i* selects a high type ( beauty & is scrupul\s to %un ! commonplace4 ,! faces ( ev5 8 mo/ sacr$ p]sonages are (t5 almo/ vulg>4 ,9 8 *oice ( models = sa9ts & apo/les we already trace ! ,flor5t9e in/9ct = contempor>y portraiture4 ,yet1 ?\gh 8 k ( anatomy 0 defective & 8 ta/e 0 reali/ic1 ,giotto solv$ ! great problem ( figurative art f> bett] ?an m le>n$ & fa/idi\s pa9t]s4 ,he nev] fail$ to make x manife/ t :at he meant to repres5t 0 liv+4 ,ev5 to ! non-exi/5t he gave ! semblance ( reality4 ,we _c help believ+ 9 8 angels lean+ wai/-deep f ! blue sky1 wr++ _! h&s 9 agony above ! ,cross1 pac+ l deacons beh9d ,*ri/ :5 he wa%es ! feet ( 8 disciples1 or sitt+ wat*ful & s]5e ^u ! empty sepul*]4 ,he 01 moreov]1 ess5tially a fresco-pa9t]1 work+ ) rapid decision on a l>ge scale1 aim+ at broad effects1 & will+ to sacrifice subtlety to cle>ness ( expression4 ,! heal? ( ,giotto's :ole nature & 8 robu/ good s5se are e-:]e app>5t 9 8 solid1 concrete1 human "w ( art4 ,!re is no trace ( my/icism1 no ec/atic piety1 no?+ morbid or hy/]ical 9 8 imag9ation4 ,imbu+ :atev] he h&l$ ) ! =ce & fre%ness ( actual exi/5ce1 he approa*$ ! deep ?+s ( ! ,*ri/ian fai? & ! leg5d ( ,/4 ,francis 9 ! _s ( a man b5t simply on realiz+ ! objects ( 8 belief z facts4 ,8 allegories ( ',pov]ty1' ',*a/ity1' & ',ob$i5ce1' at ,assisi1 are z beautiful & p[]fully felt z !y are c>efully con/ruct$4 ,yet !y conceal no ab/ruse spiritual mean+1 b are pla9ly pa9t$ = ! poor laity ( love to read4 ,! arti/-poet :o color$ ! virg9al =m ( ,pov]ty1 ) ! bri>s b5ea? h] feet & ! roses bloom+ r\nd h] =ehead1 prov$ by 8 well-kn[n canzone t he 0 free f mona/ic ,quixotism & took a practical view ( ! value ( worldly weal?4 ,8 homely humor sav$ him f ! exaltation & ! *ildi%ness t =m$ ! weakness ( ! ,franciscan revival4 ,giotto 9 tru? possess$ a %>e ( t p[] :i* belong$ to ! ,greek sculptors4 ,he embodi$ my?s 9 physical =ms adequate to _! intellectual mean+4 ,e4 ,h4 ,,& ,e4 ,w4 ,,bla%field ',,italian ,,cities' ,:5 we ask1 :]e did ,giotto get ! wond]ful p[] ( expression t he %[s 9 8 "w8 we reply1 a little f ma/]s & a great deal f himself2 b if we are ask$1 h[ did he le>n to make a wall effective by color & patt]ns8 we mu/ answ] t he work$ ^u traditional l9es1 t "s ( 8 imm$iate =]unn]s 7 ne>ly z effective z he1 & t "s ( 8 remote =]unn]s 7 m effective4 ,:5 we say en?usia/ically ( ,giotto1 ,!re 0 a decorator = y6 ,!re 0 a murali/ f> m purely decorative ?an "s lat] & ev5 great] m56 we are ?9k+1 n ( ! sup]iority ( 8 draw+ & composition1 b ( ! simple flatness ( 8 masses1 free f any elaborate model+1 ! lightness & purity ( 8 color1 ! excell5ce ( 8 silh\ette & 8 patt]n4 ,b ! ess5tially decorative qualities did n belong especially to ,giotto2 !y belong$ to ! hi/ory & developm5t ( mural pa9t+1 to ! ,greeks1 ! ,romans1 ! ,byzant9es1 :o _h le>n$--c5turies be=e ,/4 ,francis1 c5turies ev5 be=e ! ,ma/] :om ,francis s]v$1 came into ! _w--_h le>n$1 we say1 t dimly light$ int]iors require flat1 pure colors ) little model+4 ,n[ ne>ly all ! int]iors ( ! anci5t _w 7 dimly light$2 ! m$ieval ,italian *ur*es ) _! n>r[ lancet w9d[s ( l[ ton$ jewel-l glass 7 z d>k z any ( ! antique build+s1 s t ! use ( flat masses ( pure color1 ! plann+ ( an agreeable disposition ( spots & ( a h&some silh\ette to ^! spots1 became ! canons ( m$ieval pa9t+4 ,^! e>ly arti/s _h ma/]$ ?or\ghly ! great controll+ pr9ciple ( decoration1 ! pr9ciple ( ! h>mony ( ! pa9t+ ) ! surr\nd+ ar*itecture4 ,because ! f\rte5? c5tury _h n gone beyond ?is =tunate simplicity to ! complexity ( ! fifte5?1 & because x _h atta9$ to a sci5ce ( draughtsman%ip unkn[n to ! ?irte5? c5tury & e>li] times1 we call ! f\rte5? c5tury ! gold5 age ( ! mural pa9t]4 ,! layman n infrequ5tly supposes t ?is condition ( ?+s obta9$ because ,giotto delib]ately es*ew$ elaborate model+1 & said to mural pa9t+1 ,?us f> & no f>!r %alt ?\ g6 ,9 eight cases out ( t5 ?is misconception comes because ! layman has be5 read+ ,rusk92 9 ! o!r two cases1 because he has be5 read+ ,rio or ,"l ,l9dsay4 ,9 reality1 ,giotto said no?+ ( ! sort2 he 0 a great arti/1 he saw & felt ) simplicity & dignity2 d\btless he w\ld1 "u any circum/ances1 h model$ ) re/ra9t1 b if he _h kn[n h[ to d s he w\ld h put m model+ 9 8 figures ?an he did4 ,fifty ye>s ago ,john ,rusk9 made ,giotto ! fa%ion4 ,! connoisseurs ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 ! m5 ^: fa!rs _h p]haps se5 ,raphael1 _h surely se5 ! ,urb9ate's great rival1 made small acc\nt ( ! e>li] pa9t]s2 to !m ! ,giottes*i 7 b>b>\s1 rubbi%4 ,) ,rusk91 h[ev]1 ! great son ( ,bondone took 8 place ^u a ?rone4 ,he sat !re rightfully by virtue ( ! greate/ tal5t :i* 0 giv5 to any pa9t] betwe5 ,masaccio & ! la/ great ,greek or ,roman arti/ ( imp]ial days2 b 8 m9i/rant swung ! c5s] be=e him ) su* misplac$ en?usiasm t ! face ( ! great ,tuscan 0 cl\d$ = half a c5tury1 until mod]n criticism d>$ to say nay to ! poet ( ! ',/ones ( ,v5ice' & ! ',mod]n ,pa9t]s4' ,rusk9 nev] admir$ any?+ t 0 unwor?y1 ?\gh he (t5 fi]cely contemn$ ! wor?y4 ,he saw & prais$ ,giotto's simplicity ( treatm5t1 b h[ /rangely he prais$1 h[ utt]ly he misund]/ood ! arti/'s aim & insi/$ ^u br++ back to ! m>ksman game t 0 no spoil ( 86 ,rusk9 mi/ook timidity = rev]5ce1 & ascrib$ to ! pa9t] z a delib]ate *oice t :i* 0 9 reality =c$ ^u him by inexp]i5ce4 ,! reason+ :i* ,rusk91 ,rio1 & o!rs ( _! s*ool foll[$ is peculi>4 ,we w take z an example a fresco 9 :i* heavily drap$ figures /& be=e a city gate ^u gre5sw>d4 ,9 ! said gre5sw>d e little blade & leaf is made out2 !re is no effect2 y & ,i ) our mod]n ideas w\ld n l x at all4 ,! critic1 on ! contr>y1 is enraptur$4 ,he cries1 ,only see1 ,giotto has pa9t$ e leaf2 he felt t ev]y?+ t ,god made %\ld be lov+ly & c>efully /udi$6 ,! drap]ies1 on ! contr>y1 are r broadly & simply h&l$1 & ! au?or implies t x is because ! arti/ knew t ! /uffs1 :i* 7 only artificial1 n natural1 7 unwor?y ! c>eful /udy he _h giv5 ! leaves4 ,su* criticism z ?is utt]ly misl$ a portion ( ! ,engli% read+ _w = at lea/ ?irty ye>s4 ,! "r treatm5t by ! pa9t] 0 wrongly prais$ by ! writ]4 ,giotto 0 laud$ especially = leav+ out t :i* he 0 incapable ( putt+ 92 8 figures are b little model$1 & ?is slight model+ happ5s to be admirably suit$ to ! k9d ( decoration :i* he 0 do+1 b x 0 slight because he did n "k h[ to c>ry x fur!r4 ,:5 he pa9t$ a ,madonna on a panel to be se5 & exam9$ at close qu>t]s t :i* 0 a virtue 9 8 decoration became a fault 9 8 easel-picture4 ,take ! grass & drap]ies j m5tion$2 ,giotto _h n yet le>n$ to pa9t drap]y reali/ically1 b he _h ! s5tim5t ( noble composition1 & he arrang$ 8 folds simply & gr&ly & pa9t$ !m z well z he knew h[1 pu%+ !m z f> z he c\ld4 ,:5 he came to ! grass1 he f\nd x mu* easi] to draw a lot ( little h>d blades & leaves ?an to g5]alize !m into an effect4 ,he did n "k h[ to g5]alize complicat$ detail4 ,! drap]y 0 "o piece1 & he c\ld arrange x 9 a few folds1 b ! blades ( grass 7 all !re1 & he ?\ght he mu/ draw e "o4 ,rusk91 & ,rio1 & ,"l ,l9dsay1 all reg>d ?is incapacity z a special virtue bas$ ^u a spiritual int]pretation ( ! relative importance ( ?+s 9 nature & art4 ,!y acc\nt z tru? 9 ,giotto :at 0 really ! rev]se ( tru?4 ,9 look+ at su* a sc5e z t repres5t$ 9 ! fresco no human be+ c\ld see e blade ( grass sep>ately def9$4 ,a g5]al effect ( mass w\ld be tru?1 & ,giotto w\ld h grasp$ x if he c\ld h done s1 b he 0 n yet a ma/] ( g5]alization4 ,a :ole class ( writ]s ^u ,*ri/ian art is l ! prior 9 ,br[n+'s poem1 :o says to ,fra ,lippo ,lippi3-- ,y\r bus9ess is to pa9t ! s\ls ( m54 ,give u no m ( body ?an %[s s\l2 b ^! writ]s1 :ile appreciat+ ! effect ( c]ta9 qualities 9 ,giotto & 8 foll[]s1 :olly misund]/ood _! int5tion4 ,he did n leave 8 figures half model$ = ! praise ( ,god or = ! sake ( express+ s\l4 ,we might j z well say t x 0 = ! sake ( spiritual aspiration t 8 =e%ort5$ feet /ood on ! po9ts ( _! toes1 or t 8 snub pr(iles 7 int5d$ to sugge/ meekness4444 ,x is an important fact 9 pa9t+1 especially 9 decorative pa9t+1 t 9 measure z an arti/ ref9es 8 "w he may ) advantage suppress "o detail aft] ano!r ( its model+4 ,b ?is kn[+ :at to leave out is "o ( ! mo/ subtle1 "o ( ! la/ k9ds ( k t come to ! pa9t]4 ,?is sy/em ( elim9ation argues ^u 8 "p ! possession ( a high degree ( te*nical accompli%m5t4 ,:5 he c draw & pa9t e detail ( 8 subject1 !n1 & n till !n1 he c suppress judici\sly4 ,great pa9t]s h ?us in/9ctively comm5c$ by mak+ m9utely detail$ /udies4 ,n[1 ,giotto nev] made "o su* 9 8 life2 he did n "k h[4 ,he 0 a beg9n] possess+ magnific5t natural gifts1 /ill a beg9n]1 a break] ( new pa?s4 ,he drew & pa9t$ ! human body exactly z well z he knew h[ to1 leav+ out elaborate model+ simply because he 0 unable to accompli% x4 ,"o lifetime w\ld n h suffic$ ?is pione] ( art = ! a*ievem5t ( all t he did & = ! compass+ ( a skilful te*nique z well4444 ,if we pass on to ^? qualities ( a pa9t] :i* 7 p>ticul> to ,giotto1 n m]ely z a murali/ b z an individual man1 we f9d t l o!r ma/]s ( 8 "t he _c yet subtly diff]5tiate expression1 b t1 unlike o!rs1 8 expression is m int5se1 m =ceful1 m v>i$4 ,8 heads h long n>r[ eyes1 %ort snub noses1 firm m\?s1 squ>e jaws1 & p[]ful *9s2 he divides !m1 n individually1 b typically1 into adolesc5t1 adult1 & ag$ heads4 ,8 feet are un/eady2 8 h&s n yet und]/ood2 8 drap]ies are = _! "t wond]ful--simply1 ev5 gr&ly arrang$1 & if !y d n express ! body1 at lea/ !y sugge/ x & e*o its movem5ts4 ,8 animals1 too small & (t5 faulty en\gh1 are sometimes excell5t2 &1 l e o!r m$ieval arti/1 if he want$ to put 9 a %eep or a horse or a camel1 he put x 9 )\t any misgiv+s z to k ( ! subject4 ,nei!r did ?is ar*itect ent]ta9 any scruples reg>d+ ar*itecture :5 he *ose to pa9t x1 &1 l 8 fell[s1 he set ,greek temple ( ,assisi1 ,romanesque conv5t1 & ,go?ic *ur*1 all ^u ! same jack/raw-l legs1--t is to say1 columns :i* made toys ( all build+s1 big or little4 ,fir/ & la/ & be/1 we see him z a miracle ( compositional & dramatic capacity1 & ) ?is la/ quality he took 8 _w by /orm4 ,m5 be=e him _h tri$ to tell /ories1 b _h told !m hesitat+ly1 ev5 unc\?ly2 ,giotto spoke cle>ly & to ! po9t4 ,?is %eph]d boy1 ^: m\nta9 pa/ures c\ld be se5 f h] ,campanile1 taught gramm> to ! halt+ art ( ,flor5ce4 ,he taught ! muse ( ! f\rte5? c5tury to we> ! busk91 s t 8 foll[]s1 h[ev] confus$ _! composition might be1 7 at lea/ cle> 9 ! tell+ ( _! /ory4 ,inde$ he 0 su* a dramaturgi/ t m5 = a full hundr$ ye>s =got1 9 ! fasc9ation ( ! /ory told1 to ask t ! puppets %\ld be any m %apely1 t !y %\ld look "o :it m l m5 & wom54 ,,h>ry ,,quilt] ',,giotto' ,! ma9 *>act]i/ics ( ,giotto's /yle are1 fir/1 a light]1 pur] tone ( color ?an _h be5 9 use be=e ! "t ( ,cimabue1 & a great] v>iety & purity ( t9t ?an _h be5 atta9$ by t ma/]2 second1 ! introduction into 8 compositions ( a c]ta9 am\nt ( natural detail :i* _h be5 be=e totally neglect$1 & ! sub/itution ( ! portraits ( actual m5 & wom5 = ! imag9>y be+s t _h =m]ly fill$ up ! backgr\nds ( ! ,byzant9e pictures2 ?ird1 ! p[] ( illu/rat+ ! real mean+ ( 8 subject1 n m]ely sugge/+ x z _h =m]ly be5 ! case2 & f\r?1 8 unrival$ dramatic p[]4 ,?is dramatic p[] %[s itself 9 almo/ e "w t ,giotto has left u1 & ev5 survives 9 ! a*ievem5ts ( 8 pupils4 ,8 pictures are n sc5es alone1 !y are situations4 ,besides _! appropriat5ess ( ge/ure & on5ess ( feel+1 !y possess ! great *>act]i/ic ( dramatic art 9 mak+ ! sc5e live be=e y1 subdu+ its v>i\s incid5ts into "o /ra9 ( mean+1 yet keep+ ea* incid5t complete & individual1 z well z mak+ x help ! ma9 purpose4 ,a m9or po9t 9 :i* ! same quality %[s is 9 ! am\nt ( emotion :i* ?is pa9t] is capable ( express+ by a s+le ge/ure--an am\nt s great t x occasionally runs "s dang] ( laps+ into c>icature1 z is especially pla9 9 su* pictures z ',! ,entombm5t' 9 ! ,ar5a ,*apel4 ,b 9 all 8 sc5es ,giotto has succe$$1 n only 9 *oos+ ! mo/ appropriate figures = illu/rat+ 8 mean+1 b 9 seiz+ ! v mom5t :i* is mo/ significant4 ,b1 aft] all1 ! ma9 *>act]i/ic ( ,giotto's /yle is s intangible t x c only be felt1 n describ$4 ,?is *>act]i/ic is ! simple fai? 9 :i* ea* ( ^! compositions ab\nds2 ! feel+ convey$ to ! spectator t ?us1 & n o!rwise1 did ! occurr5ce take place1 & t ! pa9t] has n alt]$ x a jot or tittle = 8 own purpose4 ,! ,works ( ,giotto ,,descriptions ,,( ,,! ,,plates ',,madonna ,,en?ron$' ,,plate ,i ,?is panel-picture1 an e>ly "w1 0 pa9t$ = ! ,*ur* ( ,ognissanti1 ,flor5ce1 & is n[ 9 ! ,academy ( t city4 ,not)/&+ ! fact t ,giotto has adh]$ to ! conv5tional composition ( ! ,byzant9e ma/]s1 !re is a fre%ness & m lifelike appe>ance 9 ?is "w ?an is obs]vable 9 ^? ( 8 pr$ecessors2 & 9 ! m natural attitudes ( ! figures--notably 9 ! kneel+ angels--z well z 9 ! great] fre$om 9 ! treatm5t ( ! drap]ies1 we see ! advance t he has already made 9 ! developm5t ( art4 ,! ,madonna1 clad 9 a :ite robe & long blui% mantle1 & hold+ ! ,*ild1 ^: tunic is ( a pale rose color1 ^u h] knee1 is seat$ ^u a ?rone plac$ aga9/ a gold backgr\nd4 ,! angels kneel+ 9 front ) vases ( lilies 9 _! h&s are rob$ 9 :ite2 ^? j above !m1 be>+ a cr[n & box ( o9tm5t1 are 9 gre54 ,sa9ts & angels are gr\p$ on ei!r side4 ,! color ( ! picture has d>k5$ & lo/ mu* ( its orig9al fre%ness1 & %[s little ( ! purity ( t9t se5 9 _m ( ,giotto's frescos4 ',,allegory ,,( ,,pov]ty' ,,plate ,,ii ,among ,giotto's mo/ fam\s works are ! f\r frescos :i* cov] ! ar*$ comp>tm5ts ( ! vault+ ( ! ,l[] ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,francis at ,assisi4 ,"o repres5ts ! sa9t en?ron$ 9 glory2 ! o!rs are allegorical depictions ( ! ?ree v[s ( ! ,franciscan ,ord]1--,pov]ty1 ,*a/ity1 & ,ob$i5ce4 ,! f9e/ ( ! s]ies is t reproduc$ 9 ?is plate1 9 :i* ,giotto has repres5t$ ! my/ic m>riage ( ,/4 ,francis ) ,pov]ty4 ,hope & ,love are ! bridesmaids1 angels are ! witnesses1 & ,*ri/ himself blesses ! union4 ,! bride's g>m5ts are pat*$1 ragg$ & torn by brambles1 *ildr5 ?r[ /ones at h] & mock h]1 & a dog b>ks at h]2 b ! roses & lilies ( p>adise bloom ab\t h]1 & ,/4 ,francis looks ) love ^u 8 *os5 bride4 ,to ! left a "y man gives 8 cloak to a begg>2 on ! opposite side a mis] grasps 8 money-bag1 & a ri*ly clad y\? scornfully rejects ! invitation ( ! angel at 8 side to foll[ 9 ! tra9 ( holy ,pov]ty4 ,above1 two angels1 "o be>+ a g>m5t & a bag ( gold1 ! o!r a m9iature palace--symbolical ( worldly goods giv5 up 9 *>ity--are receiv$ by ! h&s ( ! ,almighty4 ',,allegory ,,( ,,*a/ity' ,,plate ,,iii ,?is fresco1 9 ! ,l[] ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,francis at ,assisi1 is "o ( ! s]ies to :i* t reproduc$ 9 ! previ\s ,plate also belongs4 ,x repres5ts ! diff]5t /ages ( p]fection 9 ! religi\s life4 ,on ! left ,/4 ,francis receives ?ree aspirants to ! ,franciscan ,ord]2 on ! "r ?ree monks are driv+ evil spirits into ! abyss bel[2 & 9 ! c5tral gr\p angels p\r purify+ wat] ^u ! head ( a y\? /&+ nak$ 9 a baptismal font4 ,two figures lean+ ov] ! wall beh9d pres5t him ) ! bann] ( purity & %ield ( =titude1 & two angels /&+ ne> be> ! conv]t's g>m5ts4 ,! mail-clad w>riors1 hold+ la% & %ield1 are emblematic ( ! w>f>e & self-mortification ( ^? :o foll[ ,/4 ,francis4 ,9 ! t[] ( ! cr5elat$ =tress 9 ! backgr\nd is seat$ ,*a/ity1 veil$ & 9 pray]1 to :om two angels br+ an op5 book & ! palm ( hol9ess4 ',,nativity1' ',,entombm5t1' ,,& ',,resurrection' ,,plates ,,iv1 ,v1 ,,& ,,vi ,! ,ar5a ,*apel1 ,padua1 0 built 9 ! ye> #acjc by ,enrico ,scrovegno1 a weal?y citiz5 ( t place1 ^u ! site ( a ,roman amphi!at] or ar5a4 ,! outside ( ?is little build+ is devoid ( all ar*itectural embelli%m5t1 b any ext]ior b>5ess is m ?an c\nt]balanc$ by ! int]ior1 ! decoration ( :i* 01 9 #acje or #acjf1 intru/$ to ,giotto1 at t "t ! ackn[l$g$ ma/] ( pa9t+ 9 ,italy4 ,) ! exception ( ! frescos 9 ! *oir1 :i* 7 add$ by 8 foll[]s 9 lat] ye>s1 all ! pa9t+s 9 ! *apel--?irty-eight 9 numb]--are by 8 h&1 & pres5t a s*eme ( decoration t is unsurpass$ ev5 9 ! *ur*es ( ,italy4 ,?\gh !y lack ! subtleties ( lat] te*nical developm5t1 write ,vas>i's rec5t editors1 ^! frescos ( ! ,ar5a ,*apel1 9 _! composition1 _! simplicity1 _! effectiv5ess z pure decoration1 & 9 _! dramatic =ce1 are "s ( ! f9e/ ?+s 9 ! :ole hi/ory ( art1 anci5t or mod]n4 ,arrang$ 9 ?ree ti]s on ! side walls ( ! *apel1 ,giotto's frescos illu/rate ! apocryphal hi/ory ( ,joa*im & ,anna1 ! life ( ! ,virg91 sc5es f ! life ( ,*ri/1 & bel[1 allegorical figures ( ! ,virtues & ,vices4 ,on ! entrance wall is a ',la/ ,judgm5t1' & opposite1 a ',*ri/ 9 ,glory4' ,! vault$ ceil+1 color$ blue & /udd$ ) gold />s1 is adorn$ ) m$allions ( ,*ri/ & ! ,virg91 sa9ts & prophets4 ,:]ev] ! eye turns1 writes ,mr4 ,quilt]1 x meets a bewild]m5t ( color pure & radiant & yet re/ful to ! eye1 t9ts :i* resemble 9 _! p]fect h>mony ( brightness ! iridesc5ce ( a %ell4 ,! :ole int]ior1 ow+ p]haps to its p]fect simplicity ( =m & abs5ce ( all o!r decoration ?an ! frescos1 pres5ts less ! aspect ( a build+ decorat$ ) pa9t+s ?an t ( "s gigantic opal 9 ! mid/ ( :i* ! spectator /&s4 ',,! ,,nativity1' reproduc$ 9 ,plate ,,iv1 is ! fir/ ( ! second ti] ( frescos4 ,x is pa9t$ almo/ :olly 9 a quiet h>mony ( blue & gray4 ,rusk9 has call$ att5tion to ! natural mann] 9 :i* ! ,virg9 turns ^u h] c\* to assi/ 9 lay+ d[n ! ,*ild br\ght to h] by an att5dant1 & to ! figure ( ,/4 ,joseph seat$ bel[ 9 m$itation4 ,on ! "r are ! %eph]ds1 _! flocks beside !m1 li/5+ to ! angels :o1 all exult+1 & z x 7 confus$ ) joy1 flutt] & circle 9 ! air l birds4 ,on ! left ! ox & ass /ret* _! heads t[>ds ! ,virg9's c\*4 ',,! ,,entombm5t1' ,plate ,v1 is impressive 9 its passionate int5sity4 ,! wom5 seat$ on ! gr\nd support+ ! dead ,*ri/ are ov]:elm$ ) grief1 o!r m\rn]s are gr\p$ ar\nd2 & 9 ! figure ( ,/4 ,john ) 8 arms ext5d$ ,giotto has pres]v$ ! antique ge/ure ( sorr[4 ,angels :eel & circle ?r\gh ! air 9 a fr5zi$ agony ( grief4 ,9 ! backgr\nd a b>r5 hill & ! leafless bran*es ( a tree are reliev$ aga9/ a d>k5+ sky4 ',,! ,,resurrection1' ,plate ,,vi1 %[s u ! soldi]s 9 deep sleep beside ! r$ porphyry tomb on :i* two maje/ic1 :ite-rob$ angels are seat$4 ,m>y ,magdal5e1 9 a long crimson cloak1 kneels ) out/ret*$ arms at ! feet ( ! ris5 ,*ri/1 :o by 8 expressive ge/ure w>ns h]1 ,noli me tang]e6 ,?is fresco & t ( ',! ,resurrection' are among ! mo/ impressive 9 ! *apel1 & are comp>atively little injur$ by "t & dampness4 ',,! ,,dea? ,,( ,,/4 ,,francis' ,,plate ,,vii ,! la/ 9 ! s]ies ( eight frescos pa9t$ by ,giotto 9 ! ,b>di ,*apel ( ! ,*ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 ,flor5ce1 ?is picture1 :i* is by _m consid]$ 8 ma/]piece1 %[s u ! clos+ sc5e 9 ! life ( ,/4 ,francis ( ,assisi4 ,julia ,c>twright writes ( x3 ,! great sa9t is ly+ dead on 8 fun]al bi]1 surr\nd$ by weep+ fri>s :o b5d ov] _! belov$ ma/] & cov] 8 h&s & feet ) kisses4 ,at ! head ( ! bi] a prie/ reads ! fun]al rite2 ?ree bro!rs /& at ! foot be>+ a cross & bann]1 & ! incr$ul\s ,girolamo puts 8 f+] into ! /igmatiz$ side1 :ile 8 companions gaze on ! sacr$ w\nds ) v>y+ expressions ( awe & wond]2 & "o1 ! smalle/ & humble/ ( ! gr\p1 sudd5ly lifts 8 eyes & sees ! s\l ( ,/4 ,francis borne on angel w+s to heav54 ,ev5 ! h>d outl9es & co>se h&l+ ( ! re/or]'s bru% h n de/roy$ ! beauty & pa?os ( ?is sc5e4 ,9 lat] ages m accompli%$ arti/ (t5 repeat$ ! composition1 b none ev] atta9$ to ! simple dignity & pa!tic beauty ( ,giotto's design4 ',,! ,,bir? ,,( ,,/4 ,,john ,,! ,,bapti/' ,,plate ,,viii ,! ,p]uzzi ,*apel 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 ,flor5ce1 0 decorat$ by ,giotto ) sc5es f ! lives ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ & ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/4 ,! frescos 9 ?is *apel h suff]$ greatly f repa9t+1 writes ,mr4 ,f4 ,mason ,p]k9s1 b ! monum5tal /yle 9 :i* !y 7 orig9ally conceiv$ is /ill unmi/akably app>5t2 & !y are c]ta9ly to be consid]$ z products ( ! mo/ mature p]iod ( ,giotto's activity1 9 all probability lat] 9 date by "s ye>s at lea/ ?an ^? 9 ! ,b>di ,*apel4 ,! fresco "h reproduc$ repres5ts ! bir? & ! nam+ ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/4 ,9 "o room ,/4 ,elizabe? is se5 recl9+ on h] c\* & wait$ ^u by h] att5dants2 9 an adjo9+ *amb] ,za*>ias is seat$ writ+ ^u a tablet ! "n by :i* ! new-born *ild is to be call$4 ',,! ,,fea/ ,,( ,,h]od' ,,plate ,,ix ,?is fresco 9 ! ,p]uzzi ,*apel 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 ,flor5ce1 is "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ( ,giotto's works4 ,h]od & 8 gue/s are repres5t$ at table "u a portico sugge/ive 9 its classic decorations ( ! lat] ,r5aissance4 ,salome1 a lyre 9 h] h&1 has be5 danc+ to ! music ( a viol9 play$ by a y\? 9 a /rip$ tunic--a figure :i* has be5 ! subject ( en?usia/ic praise f ,mr4 ,rusk9 & o!r writ]s4 ,! girl pauses 9 h] dance z a soldi] 9 a ,roman helmet br+s ! head ( ,john ! ,bapti/ into ! hall & pres5ts x to ,h]od4 ,?r\gh an op5 door ,salome is se5 aga91 kneel+ be=e h] "m & be>+ ! *>g] ^u :i* re/s ! head ( ,/4 ,john4 ,9 ! di/ance1 at ! o!r side ( ! picture1 we see ! b>r$ w9d[ ( ! t[] :]e ! ,bapti/ has be5 imprison$4 ,al?\gh little m ?an its outl9es are left1 writes ,kugl]1 ?is "w unites ) all ,giotto's gr&] qualities ( arrangem5t1 gr\p+1 & action1 a clos] imitation ( nature ?an he _h be=e atta9$4 ,seldom1 ev5 9 lat] times1 h fitt] action & features be5 r5d]$ t ^? :i* *>act]ize ! viol-play] z he plies 8 art & wat*es ! danc+ ,salome4 ',,! ,,rais+ ,,( ,,drusiana' ,,plate ,x ,! /ory ( ! incid5t :i* ,giotto has "h portray$ has be5 told z foll[s3 ,:5 ,/4 ,john _h soj\rn$ 9 ! isl& ( ,patmos a ye> & a day he return$ to 8 *ur* at ,ephesus2 & z he approa*$ ! city1 be+ receiv$ ) great joy by inhabitants1 lo6 a fun]al procession came =? f ! gates2 & ( ^? :o foll[$ weep+ he inquir$1 ',:o is dead8' ,!y said1 ',drusiana4' ,n[ :5 he he>d t "n he 0 sad1 = ,drusiana _h excell$ 9 all good works1 & he _h =m]ly dwelt 9 h] h\se2 & he ord]$ !m to set d[n ! bi]1 & hav+ pray$ e>ne/ly1 ,god 0 pleas$ to re/ore ,drusiana to life4 ,%e arose up & ! apo/le w5t home ) h] & dwelt 9 h] h\se4 ,?is fresco 9 ! ,p]uzzi ,*apel 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 ,flor5ce1 %[s ,giotto 9 all 8 /r5g? & greatness1 write ,cr[e & ,cavalcaselle4 ,life & animation are 9 ! kneel+ wom5 at ! ,evangeli/'s feet1 b p>ticul>ly 9 ! "o kneel+ 9 pr(ile1 ^: face1 :ile x is obvi\s t %e _c see ! p]=mance ( ! miracle on ,drusiana1 expresses ! fai? :i* kn[s no d\bt4 ,see h[ true are ! figure & =m ( ! cripple2 h[ f9e ! movem5t ( ,drusiana2 h[ int]e/+ ! gr\p on ! "r 9 ! v>iety ( its movem5ts2 h[ beautiful ! play ( l9es 9 ! build+s :i* =m ! di/ance2 h[ !y advance & rec$e 9 ord] to second ! l9es ( ! composition & make ! figures /& out4 ,a ,,li/ ,,( ,,! ,,pr9cipal ,,pa9t+s ,,by ,,giotto1 ,,) ,,_! ,,pres5t ,,locations ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,subsection head+s surr\nd$ by '' *>act]s2 = example1 ,p>is1 ,l\vre ,,engl&4 ,alnwick ,ca/le1 ,duke ( ,nor?umb]l&'s ,collection3 ,panel ) ,sposalizio1 ,/4 ,francis receiv+ ! ,/igmata1 etc4--,,france4 ,p>is1 ,l\vre3 ,/4 ,francis receiv+ ! ,/igmata--,,g]many4 ,muni* ,gall]y3 ,small ,panels ( ,crucifixion1 ,la/ ,supp]1 etc4--,,italy4 ,assisi1 ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,francis1 upp] *ur*3 ,frescos f ! ,life ( ,/4 ,francis2 ,l[] ,*ur*3 ,allegorical ,frescos ( ,*a/ity1 ,ob$i5ce1 & ,pov]ty1 & ,/4 ,francis 9 ,glory 7see ,plates ,,ii & ,,iii72 ,frescos f ! ,lives ( ,*ri/ & ! ,virg91 & ,miracles ( ,/4 ,francis--,bologna1 ,academy3 ,sa9ts & ,angels--,flor5ce1 ,academy3 ,madonna ,en?ron$ 7,plate ,i7--,flor5ce1 ,*ur* ( ,santa ,croce1 ,b>di ,*apel3 ,frescos f ! ,life ( ,/4 ,francis 7see ,plate ,,vii72 ,p]uzzi ,*apel3 ,frescos f ! ,lives ( ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/ & ,/4 ,john ! ,evangeli/ 7see ,plates ,,viii1 ,,ix1 & ,x7--,padua1 ,ar5a ,*apel3 ,frescos f ! ,lives ( ,*ri/ & ! ,virg9 7see ,plates ,,iv1 ,v1 & ,,vi72 ,la/ ,judgm5t2 ,*ri/ 9 ,glory2 ,allegorical ,figures ( ! ,virtues & ,vices2 sacri/y3 ,crucifix--,padua1 ,*ur* ( ,sant' ,antonio3 ,frescos ( ,sa9ts--,rome1 ,*ur* ( ,san ,giovanni ,lat]ano3 ,pope ,boniface ,,viii4 proclaim+ ! ,jubilee--,,unit$ ,,/ates4 ,bo/on1 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,l4 ,g>dn]'s ,collection3 ,pres5tation 9 ! ,temple4 ,giotto ,bibliography ,a ,,li/ ,,( ,,! ,,pr9cipal ,,books ,,& ,,magaz9e ,,articles ,,deal+ ,,) ,,giotto ,,alex&re1 ,a4 ,hi/oire populaire de la pe9ture3 cole itali5ne4 7,p>is1 #ahid7--;,,bald9ucci1 ,f4 ,notizie dei pr(essori del disegno da ,cimabue 9 qu4 7,flor5ce1 #afha7--;,,b]5son1 ,b4 ,flor5t9e ,pa9t]s ( ! ,r5aissance4 7,new ,york1 #ahif7--;,,bla%field1 ,e4 ,h4 & ,e4 ,w4 ,italian ,cities4 7,new ,york1 #aijj7--;,,breton1 ,e4 ,ambrogio ,bondone dit le ,giotto4 7,/4 ,g]ma9-en-,laye1 #ahea7--;,,burckh>dt1 ,j4 ,d] ,cic]one1 edit$ by ,w4 ,bode4 7,leipsic1 #ahih7--;,,callcott1 ,,lady4 ,description ( ! ,*apel ( ! ,annunziata dell' ,ar5a 9 ,padua4 7,london1 #ahce7--;,,c>twright1 ,j4 ,! ,pa9t]s ( ,flor5ce4 7,london1 #aija7--;,,c5n9i1 ,c4 ,treatise on ,pa9t+3 ,trans4 by ,mrs4 ,m]rifield4 7,london1 #ahdd7--;,,colv91 ,s4 ',giotto' 9 ',encyclopdia ,britannica4' 7,ed9burgh1 #ahhc7--;,,cr[e1 ,j4 ,a41 ,,& ,,cavalcaselle1 ,g4 ,b4 ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,italy4 7,london1 #ahff7--;,,dobb]t1 ,e4 ',giotto' 9 ',dohme's ,kun/ und ,kn/l]1' etc4 7,leipsic1 #ahgh7--;,,fea1 ,c4 ,descrizione della cappella di ,s4 ,francesco d',assisi4 7,rome1 #ahbj7--;,f,,r/]1 ,e4 ,beitrge zur neu]n ,kun/ges*i*te4 7,leipsic1 #ahce7--;,,frantz1 ,e4 ,ges*i*te d] *ri/li*5 ,mal]ei4 7,freiburg im ,breisgau1 #ahhg-id7--;,,ghib]ti1 ,l4 ,comm5t>io sulle arti4 7,extracts f manuscript copy are quot$ by ,milanesi1 ,cicogn>a1 ,p]k9s1 & ,frey7--,,gordon1 ,l4 ,d4 ,! ,/ory ( ,assisi4 7,london1 #aijj7--;,,hopp91 ,j4 ,m4 ,great ,epo*s 9 ,art ,hi/ory4 7,bo/on1 #aija7--;,,jameson1 ,a4 ,memoirs ( ,italian ,pa9t]s4 7,bo/on1 #ahif7--;,,janits*ek1 ,h4 ,die ,kun/lehre ,dante's und ,giotto's ,kun/4 7,leipsic1 #ahib7--,,kugl]1 ,f4 ,t4 ,italian ,s*ools ( ,pa9t+4 ,revis$ by ,a4 ,h4 ,lay>d4 7,london1 #aijj7--,,kuhn1 ,p4 ,a4 ,allgeme9e ,kun/-,ges*i*te4 7,e9si$eln1 #ahia et seq47--,,lee1 ,v4 ,euphorion4 7,london1 #ahhd7--,,l9dsay1 ,,"l4 ,sket*es ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,*ri/ian ,art4 7,london1 #ahhe7--,l,,bke1 ,w4 ,hi/ory ( ,art4 7,new ,york1 #ahgh7--,,mantz1 ,p4 ,*efs-d'oeuvre de la pe9ture itali5ne4 7,p>is1 #ahgj7--,m,,ntz1 ,e4 ,hi/oire de l' ,art p5dant la ,r5aissance3 ,les ,primitifs4 7,p>is1 #ahhi7--,,oliphant1 ,,mrs4 ,! ,mak]s ( ,flor5ce4 7,london1 #ahhh7--,,p]k9s1 ,f4 ,m4 ,giotto4 7,london1 #aija7--,,quilt]1 ,h4 ,giotto4 7,london1 #ahhj7--,,rio1 ,a4 ,f4 ,de l' ,art *rti54 7,p>is1 #ahfa-g7--,,rumohr1 ,c4 ,f4 ,v4 ,itali5is*e ,=s*ung54 7,b]l91 #ahbg7--,,rusk91 ,j4 ,giotto & 8 ,works 9 ,padua4 7,london1 #ahed7--,,rusk91 ,j4 ,=s ,clavig]a4 7,orp+ton1 #ahhc7--,,rusk91 ,j4 ,morn+s 9 ,flor5ce4 7,orp+ton1 #ahge7--,,rusk91 ,j4 ,mod]n ,pa9t]s4 7,london1 #ahdf-fj7--,,sac*etti1 ,f4 ,delle ,novelle4 7,flor5ce1 #agbd7--,,s*naase1 ,c4 ,ges*i*te d] bild5d5 ,kn/e4 7,dsseldorf1 #ahdc-d7--,,selvatico1 ,p4 ,e4 ,sulla cappell9a degli ,scrovegni nell' ,ar5a di ,padova4 7,padua1 #ahcf7--,,/illman1 ,w4 ,j4 ,old ,italian ,ma/]s4 7,new ,york1 #ahib7--,,symonds1 ,j4 ,a4 ,r5aissance 9 ,italy4 7,london1 #ahge7--,,ta9e1 ,h4 ,voyage en ,italie4 7,p>is1 #ahff7--,,?ode1 ,h4 ,franz von ,assisi4 7,b]l91 #ahhe7--,,?ode1 ,h4 ,giotto4 7,leipsic1 #ahii7--,,tikkan51 ,j4 ,j4 ,d] ,mal]is*e ,/yl ,giotto's4 7,hels+=s1 #ahhd7--,,vas>i1 ,g4 ,lives ( ! ,pa9t]s4 7,new ,york1 #ahig7--,,woltmann1 ,a41 ,,& ,,wo]mann1 ,k4 ,hi/ory ( ,pa9t+3 ,trans4 by ,cl>a ,bell4 7,new ,york1 #ahie7--,,zimm]mann1 ,m4 ,g4 ,giotto und die ,kun/ ,itali5s 9 ,mittelalt]4 7,leipsic1 #ahii74 ,,magaz9e ,,articles ,,ar*ivio ,,/orico ,,dell',,arte1 #ahib3 ',die ,kun/lehre ,dante's und ,giotto's ,kun/' di ,janits*ek 7,c4 de ,fabriczy7--,,c5tury ,,magaz9e1 #ahhi3 ,giotto 7,w4 ,j4 ,/illman7--,,jahrbu* ,,d] ,,preussis*5 ,,kun/sammlung51 #ahhe & #ahhf3 ,/udi5 zu ,giotto 7,k4 ,frey7--,,mon?ly ,,review1 #aijj3 ,art be=e ,giotto 7,r4 ,e4 ,fry74 #aijj3 ,giotto 7,r4 ,e4 ,fry74 #aija3 ,giotto 7,r4 ,e4 ,fry7--,,nuova ,,antologia1 #ahfg3 ,giotto 7,c4 ,lad]*i74 #ahge3 ,an$doto dell' ,o e la suppo/a gita di ,giotto ad ,avignone 7,g4 ,b4 ,cavalcaselle74 #ahhj3 ,la *iesa di ,giotto nell' ,ar5a di ,padova 7,c4 ,boito74 #ahha3 ,san ,francesco1 ,dante e ,giotto 7,g4 ,me/ica74 #aijj3 ,dante e ,giotto 7,a4 ,v5turi7--,,p5n ,,mon?ly1 #ahha3 ,cimabue & ,giotto 7,w4 de ,b4 ,fry]7--,,portfolio1 #ahhb3 ,assisi 7,j4 ,c>twright7--,,rep]torium ,f,r ,,kun/wiss5s*aft1 #ahig3 ,die ,heima? ,giotto's 7,r4 ,davidsohn74 #ahii3 ,die ,fresk5 im ,qu]s*iff d] ,unt]kir*e ,san ,francesco 7,p4 ,s*ubr+7--,,revue ,,de ,l',,art ,,*r,,ti51 #ahgc3 ,evolutions de l',art *rti5 7,g4 d4 ,sa9t-,laur5t74 #ahhe3 ,giotto4 ,naturalisme et my/icisme 7,e4 ,c>ti]74 #ahhe3 ,le ,pome de ,giotto4 7,e4 ,c>ti]7--,,zeits*rift ,f,r ,,bild5de ,,kun/1 #ahih & #ahii3 ,die mal]is*e ,dekoration d] ,s4 ,francesco-kir*e 9 ,assisi 7,a4 ,aub]t74 ,?ree ,beautiful ,books ,by ,,philip ,l4 ,,hale ,?ree valuable h&books on great portraits & ,madonnas ( ! _w4 ,pr9t$ 9 beautiful type1 on heavy antique pap] ) broad m>g9s1 & da9tily b\nd 9 buckram ( special weave1 ) title-design /amp$ 9 gold4 ,ea* book conta9s ab\t #hj pages #h #aa in*es 9 size1 includ+ tw5ty exquisite full-page reproductions ( fam\s pa9t+s1 "s ( :i* h r>ely be5 reproduc$4 ,! au?or1 ,mr4 ,philip ,l4 ,hale1 a son ( ! late ,edw>d ,ev]ett ,hale1 is himself a pa9t] & art critic ( reputation4 ,! text is unique1 compris+ a critical analysis & comp>ison ( ! "w ( ! ma/] pa9t]s1 n f ! too common view-po9t ( a critic :o walks ! gall]ies1 b f t ( a pa9t]1 :o ) bru%es 9 h& is ev5 n[ work+ on ! same problems ^? he writes ab\t h work$ on4 ,x has all ! *>m & spontaneity ( an in=mal /udio *at2 & gives a new & fre% appreciation ( art4 ,price1 ,ea*1 ,box$ & ,po/age ,prepaid1 #a4ej ,! ,madonna ,a critical analysis ( ! way ! ma/] pa9t]s pictur$ ! ,madonna1 illu/rat$ ) full-page reproductions ( ! foll[+ ma/]pieces3 ,si/9e ,madonna1 ,madonna ( ! ,*air1 ,madonna ( ! ,h\se ( ,alba1 ,raphael2 ,virg9 ( ! ,rocks1 ,/4 ,anne1 ! ,virg91 & ,*ri/-*ild1 ,da ,v9ci2 ,assumption ( ! ,virg91 ,madonna ( ! ,pes>o ,family1 ,madonna ) ! ,*]ries1 ,titian2 ,virg9 ador+ ! ,*ri/-*ild1 ,correggio2 ,madonna ( ! ,sack1 ,del ,s>to2 ,immaculate ,conception1 ,murillo2 ,virg9 & ,*ild1 ,crivelli2 ,nativity1 ,correggio2 ,mey] ,madonna1 ,holbe92 ,madonna ( ,ca/elfranco1 ,giorgione2 ,madonna ( ! ,two ,trees1 ,bell9i2 ,v[ ( ,l\is ,,xiii41 ,+res2 ,coronation ( ! ,virg91 ,botticelli2 ,madonna & ,*ild ) ,two ,angels1 ,fra ,filippo ,lippi2 ,madonna & ,?ree ,dom9ican ,sa9ts1 ,tiepolo4 ,great ,portraits3 ,wom5 ,an essay on ! pa9t+ ( wom5's portraits1 illu/rat$ by tw5ty full-page plates reproduc+ ! foll[+ great portraits3 ,mona ,lisa1 ,da ,v9ci2 ,c\ntess ,potocka1 ,arti/ ,unkn[n2 ,mrs4 ,%]idan1 ,mrs4 ,siddons1 ,ga9sbor\gh2 ,nelly ,o',bri51 ,reynolds2 ,unkn[n ,pr9cess1 ,da ,v9ci2 ,bu/ ( ,unkn[n ,lady1 9 ,l\vre2 ,p>son's ,daught]1 ,romney2 ,s>ah ,b]nh>dt1 ,ba/i5-,lepage2 ,8 ,"m1 ,:i/l]2 ,madame ,de/\*es1 ,+res2 ,madame ,mol-,raymond1 ,lebrun2 ,miss ,f>r51 ,lawr5ce2 ,%rimp ,girl1 ,hog>?2 ,madame ,rcami]1 ,david2 ,violante1 ,palma ,vec*io2 ,da ,isabel ,corbo de ,porcel1 ,goya2 ,pr9cess ,*ri/9a1 ,holbe92 ,8 ,daught] ,lav9ia1 ,titian2 ,que5 ,h5rietta1 ,van ,dyck4 ,great ,portraits3 ,*ildr5 ,a treatm5t ( ! subject ( *ildr5's portraits simil> to t ( wom5's portraits1 ) tw5ty full-page plates ( ^! beautiful canvases3 ,portrait ( ,c\ntess ,molli51 ,greuse2 ,l\is1 ,dauph9 ( ,france1 ,la ,t\r2 ,madame ,l\ise ( ,france1 ,natti]2 ,rub5s's ,sons1 ,rub5s2 ,! ,blue ,boy1 ,ga9sbor\gh2 ,don ,g>cia ) a ,bird1 ,bronz9o2 ,que5 ( ,sicily1 ,goya2 ,boy ) a ,sword1 ,manet2 ,/rawb]ry ,girl1 ,reynolds2 ,/4 ,john ! ,bapti/1 ,donatello2 ,william ,,ii4 ( ,nassau1 ,van ,dyck2 ,holbe9's ,wife & ,*ildr51 ,holbe92 ,madame ,vige ,lebrun & ,daught]1 ,lebrun2 ,! ,brok5 ,pit*]1 ,greuse2 ,portrait ( ,miss ,alex&]1 ,:i/l]2 ,k+ ( ,rome1 ,lawr5ce2 ,infanta ,m>g>ita1 ,maids ( ,honor1 ,don ,baltas> ,c>los on ,horseback1 ,velasquez2 ,*ild ) ,blond ,hair1 ,fragon>d4 ,,bates ,,guild ,,company #add ,congress ,/41 ,bo/on1 ,mass4 ,,klassik] ,,d] ,,kun/ ,! ,g]man ,s]ies ( ,art ,monographs ,ea* volume conta9s practically ! complete "w ( ! pa9t] to :om x is devot$1 ) a biographical sket* 79 ,g]man74 ,we recomm5d ^! books1 on acc\nt ( _! complet5ess 9 ! way ( illu/rations1 z supplem5t>y to ,,ma/]s ,,9 ,,art4 ,prices giv5 are net1 & on mail ord]s po/age mu/ be add$4 ,! li/ to date foll[s4 ,new volumes are con/antly be+ publi%$1 & prices ( ^! w be s5t on reque/4 ,i ,raphael 7#bge pictures7 #b4jj1 po/age extra1 #bh c5ts ,,ii ,rembr&t1 ,pa9t+s 7#fdc pictures7 #c4ej #ej ,,iii ,titian 7#bgd pictures7 #a4ge #bh ,,iv ,dr] 7#dgc pictures7 #b4ej #ch ,v ,rub5s 7#eea pictures7 #c4jj #dd ,,vi ,velasquez 7#agb pictures7 #a4ge #be ,,vii ,mi*elangelo 7#afi pictures7 #a4ej #bf ,,viii ,rembr&t1 ,et*+s 7#djb pictures7 #b4jj #cb ,,ix ,s*w9d 7#a1bfe pictures7 #c4ge #ef ,x ,correggio 7#aif pictures7 #a4ge #be ,,xi ,donatello 7#bgg pictures7 #b4jj #bh ,,xii ,uhde 7#bhe pictures7 #b4ej #cd ,,xiii ,van ,dyck 7#ecg pictures7 #c4ge #dh ,,xiv ,meml9c 7#aig pictures7 #a4ge #bh ,,xv ,?oma 7#hgd pictures7 #c4ge #eb ,,xvi ,mantegna 7#bgj pictures7 #b4jj #bh ,,xvii ,re!l 7#bhj pictures7 #b4be #bh ,,bates ,,guild ,,company #add ,,congress ,,/reet1 ,,bo/on