,,h>unobu4 ,lov]s walk+ 9 ,sn[4 ,,h>unobu4 ,lov]s walk+ 9 ,sn[4 ,japanese ,col\r-,pr9ts & ,_! ,design]s ,a ,lecture ,deliv]$ ,be=e ! ,japan ,society ( ,new ,york on ,april #ai1 #aiaa ,by ,fr$]ick ,william ,gook9 ,new ,york ,! ,japan ,society #aiac ,,cont5ts ,,japanese ,,col\r-,,pr9ts ,,& ,,_! ,,design]s ,,catalogue ,,( ,a ,,loan ,,collection ,,( ,,japanese ,,col\r-,,pr9ts ,,introduction ,,catalogue ,,illu/rations ,,h>unobu4 ,lov]s walk+ 9 ,sn[4 ,,moronobu4 ,nobleman & two ,ladies at ,sea%ore4 ,,kiyomasu4 ,actors' ,boat+ ,p>ty ,,masanobu4 ,gei%a play+ ,samis54 ,,toyonobu4 ,actor read+ ,lett] ,,kiyomitsu4 ,daimyo ,procession ,game4 ,,h>unobu4 ,"y ,woman be=e ,torii4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,,h>unobu4 ,woman read+ ,lett]4 ,,koryusai4 ,musume leap+ f ,temple ,balcony4 ,,%un%o4 ,woman 9 ,r$4 ,,kiyonaga4 ,holiday ,gr\p at ,got5yama4 ,,kiyonaga4 ,picnic ,p>ty4 ,,bun*o4 ,actor z ,woman talk+ to ,m54 ,,kiyonaga4 ,man & two ,wom5 approa*+ ,temple4 ,,%un*o4 ,wom5 wat*+ ,girls b\nc+ ,balls4 ,,ei%i4 ,fte 9 a nobleman's palace4 ,,%>aku4 ,two ,actors4 ,,utam>o4 ,woman ) a ,musical ,toy4 ,,toyokuni4 ,wom5 9 ,ba? ,h\se4 ,,hokusai4 ,fuji f ,u%ibori4 ,,hiro%ige4 ,p9es at ,hammamatsu4 ,,japanese ,,col\r-,,pr9ts ,,& ,,_! ,,design]s ,9 ! annals ( art production ! col\r-pr9ts design$ by ! ma/] arti/s ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool occupy a unique place4 ,!y repres5t a plebeian art :i* 0 n a spontane\s upgr[? f ! soil1 b1 s to speak1 a d[n-gr[? or (f%oot f an old & highly develop$ art ( ari/ocratic l9eage4 ,?is eld] art _h its f\nta9-head 9 anci5t ,*9a4 ,t c\ntry1 dur+ ! ,tang & ! ,sung dyna/ies 7#fah-ije1 #ifj-abhj71 0 ! seat ( an ae/hetic movem5t dur+ :i* pa9t+ & o!r arts rea*$ an extraord9>ily high developm5t4 ,to ! works produc$ dur+ ?is great fl[]+-"t ( art ! ,japanese pa9t]s ( ! classical s*ools turn$ = inspiration & enlight5m5t4 ,^! works 7 di/+ui%$ by s+l5ess ( purpose1 rhy?mic vitality1 & syn!tic coh]5ce1 & by a cle> conception ( ! ess5tial t goes f> beyond any?+ else:]e atta9$1 & :i*1 :5 fully appreh5d$1 mu/ inevitably =ce a revision ( ,we/]n ideas & crit]ia4 ,! art ( anci5t ,*9a & ( ! e>li] ,japanese s*ools is an art ref9$1 poetic1 & int5sive to ! la/ degree4 ,x is bas$ ^u pr(\nd und]/&+ ( ae/hetic laws4 ,! arti/s 7 c>efully gr\nd$ 9 ! fundam5tal pr9ciples t gov]n all art1 :e!r ,ori5tal or ,occid5tal4 ,! result ( ?is tra9+ is app>5t 9 ! homog5eity ( _! works4 ,9 ,europe v confus$ notions h prevail$ z to :at %\ld be done & :at is p]missible 9 art4 ,n ev5 ! great arti/s h always se5 cle>ly2 _h !y done s1 x _c be d\bt$ t ,we/]n a*ievem5t w\ld h atta9$ a mu* high] level ?an x has ev] rea*$4 ,9 ! ,japanese modifications ( ! anci5t ,*9ese art its traditions & ae/hetic ideals 7 s$ul\sly pres]v$4 ,) only r>e exceptions1 ! arti/s--& "u ?is head x is necess>y to include pott]s1 lacqu]]s1 metal-work]s1 swordsmi?s1 & o!rs--7 drawn f ! upp] classes4 ,_m ( !m 7 9 ! s]vice ( ! daimyo1 & did n sell _! productions1 b receiv$ f _! noble patrons regul> /ip5ds 9 koku ( rice4 ,seldom did any ( _! works f9d _! way into ! h&s ( ! common p1 :o _h little opportunity1 !re=e1 to become famili> ) !m4 ,gradually1 h[ev]1 z ! numb] ( pa9t+s1 /atues1 & o!r art objects multipli$ & ! temples 7 fill$ ) votive (f]+s1 ! classical art made its impress ^u build+s1 we>+ app>el1 & ut5sils ( all sorts2 its conv5tions & pr9ciples 7 laid hold ( by all classes & became ! h]itage ( ! entire p4 ,,moronobu4 ,nobleman & two ,ladies at ,sea%ore4 ,,moronobu4 ,nobleman & two ,ladies at ,sea%ore4 ,! social fabric 9 old ,japan 0 "o ( %>p di/9ctions4 ,at ! upp] end ( ! scale 7 ! ,emp]or2 ! kuge1 or c\rt nobles2 ! daimyo1 or lords ( ! two hundr$ & fifty-"o prov9ces2 & ! samurai1 or h]$it>y milit>y m51 f :om 7 recruit$ ! (ficials1 prie/s1 & s*ol>s4 ,betwe5 ^! & ! l[] classes 0 an almo/ immeasurable gulf4 ,highe/ among ! heim51 or common]s1 7 ! f>m]s4 ,bel[ !m 7 ! artisans1 & /ill l[] 7 ! m]*ants1 innkeep]s1 s]vants1 & ! l2 :ile l[e/ ( all 7 ! eta1 or outca/s1 a class compris+ scav5g]s1 but*]s1 lea!r-work]s1 & o!rs engag$ 9 :at 7 consid]$ degrad+ occupations4 ,"u ! peaceful regime ( ! ,tokugawa %oguns !re 0 a sociological *ange t 9 ! cities almo/ am\nt$ to a trans=mation4 ,! mo/ sali5t feature 0 ! rise ( ! tradesm5 & artisans to weal? & p[]4 ,_m places ( amusem5t sprang up1 re/aurants & tea-h\ses multipli$1 juggl]s1 /ory-tell]s1 musicians1 & o!r it9]ant ent]ta9]s f\nd audi5ces 9 e /reet1 ftes 7 frequ5tly held 9 ! temple comp\nds1 ! !atre rose to a position ( prom95ce1 & ! yukwaku1 or c\rtesan qu>t]s1 ) _! m$ley ( attractions1 became e/abli%$ in/itutions4 ,! art ( ! ,ukiyo 0 a direct outcome ( ! gay life ( ?is "t4 ,! inception ( ! s*ool dates back to ! clos+ ye>s ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 :5 a reaction set 9 aga9/ ! ,*9ese classicism ( ! ,a%ikaga p]iod4 ,?is manife/$ itself 9 ! *oice ( ,japanese in/ead ( ,*9ese subjects1 & 9 novel treatm5t 9 :i* features ( bo? ! classic ,kano & ,tosa /yles 7 comb9$1 b :i* 9 _m respects broke away f academic traditions4 ,! reput$ lead] ( ! revolt 0 ,iwasa ,%oi1 bett] kn[n z ,matahei1 son ( ! ,daimyo ( ,itami2 b o!r di/+ui%$ arti/s1 notably ,kano ,sanraku1 also pa9t$ pictures 9 ! new mann]1 :i* 0 n !n held to con/itute a di/9ct s*ool4 ,! subjects be+ drawn f ! life ( ! p1 ^! pictures 7 call$ ,ukiyo4 is ! ,japanese t]m = a picture or draw+47#a7 ,ukiyo1 z orig9ally writt51 _h a ,buddhi/ic signification & 0 appli$ to ! secul> z di/+ui%$ f ! ecclesia/ical _w4 ,lit]ally ! ^w means 8! mis]able _w10 b z n[ us$ x may be m accurately translat$ z 8! pass+ 7or float+7 _w ( e-day life40 ,p]haps = ! reason t ,ukiyo !mes 7 n consid]$ q dignifi$1 & because !y did n express poetic ideas1 ! ,ukiyo pa9t+s ( ,matahei & 8 contempor>ies & successors1 ?\gh priz$ & mu* s\ght aft]1 7 seldom sign$1 & ! id5tification ( _! au?or%ip is a matt] ( extreme difficulty4 ,= m ?an half a c5tury works 9 ?is mann] cont9u$ to be produc$ 9 consid]able numb]s1 b ! movem5t did n cry/allize into a s*ool until1 9 ! p]son ( ,hi%ikawa ,moronobu1 a lead] appe>$ to give x =m & direction4 ,moronobu 0 an arti/ ( r>e di/9ction4 ,8 pa9t+s 7 eag]ly s\ght by ! daimyos & ! weal?i] samurai4 ,b ,moronobu 0 a man ( ! p1 & x 0 z a design] ( book illu/rations & lat] ( i*imai-y1 or s+le-%eet pr9ts1 t he gave ! impetus to ,ukiyo4 ,= fifty ye>s or m prior to 8 "t books ) engrav$ illu/rations _h be5 publi%$ 9 ,japan1 b !y 7 comp>atively few & ! illu/rations 7 poor & crudely execut$4 ,! twelve draw+s ,moronobu made = a book ( in/ruction = wom5 9 etiquette & hygi5e1 publi%$ 9 #afei1 m>k$ a decid$ advance4 ,?is1 s f> z we "k1 0 ! fir/ ( a long s]ies ( books illu/rat$ by him4 ,_! popul>ity 0 des]v$ly great1 & by !m 8 fame became wide-spread4 ,! illu/rations 7 pr9t$ 9 black f blocks simil> to ^? f :i* ! text 0 pr9t$1 & 7 *>act]iz$ by f9e broad treatm5t & a r wiry b /rong & expressive outl9e4 ,ab\t #afgj ,moronobu began to issue l>ge s+le-%eet pr9ts :i* c\ld be affix$ to scre5s or m\nt$ z kakemono4 ,^! pr9ts1 :i* 7 impressions 9 black f "o block only1 are kn[n z sumi-y--sumi be+ ! ,japanese "n = ,*9ese--or1 z we incorrectly call x1 ,india--ink4 ,!y 7 design$ to be col\r$ by h&1 & app>5tly a "p ( ! edition 0 s col\r$ be=e be+ plac$ on sale by ! publi%]s4 ,at fir/ ?is col\r+ consi/$ ( a few t\*es ( yell[-gre5 crudely laid on2 lat] x became m elaborate1 & occasionally we meet ) pr9ts t are v beautifully col\r$1 b 9 su* cases x is impossible to tell :5 or by :om ! col\r+ 0 done4 ,! probability is t 9 "s in/ances x 0 ! "w ( pur*as]s ( ! pr9ts4 ,moronobu's pupils1 ( :om !re 7 _m1 devot$ !mselves almo/ exclusively to pa9t+4 ,aft] 8 dea? 9 #afie1 ! production ( pr9ts fell *iefly into ! h&s ( ,torii ,kiyonobu & 8 son ,torii ,kiyomasu1 two arti/s :o take rank among ! mo/ tal5t$ m5 ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool4 ,moronobu _h tak5 = ! subjects ( 8 pr9ts hi/oric incid5ts1 ! mann]s & cu/oms ( ! p1 &1 9 p>ticul>1 wom5 & _! occupations & amusem5ts4 ,to ^! ! ,torii arti/s1 see+ a new & f]tile field = ! pr9t-design] 9 ! rise ( ! !atre z a popul> =m ( ent]ta9m5t1 add$ portraits ( actors 9 ! co/umes ( _! mo/ admir$ rles4 ,especially e/eem$ 7 ,kiyonobu's portraits ( ! fir/ ,danjuro4 ,dur+ ! ,g5roku p]iod 7#afhh-agjd7 ! p develop$ a passion = ! !atre t am\nt$ to v]itable madness4 ,9 ! fir/ qu>t] ( ! eighte5? c5tury ?is rea*$ a height t sorely tr\bl$ ! ,tokugawa rul]s4 ,to *eck x v>i\s exp$i5ts--among !m ! exclusion ( wom5 f ! /age--7 tri$4 ,!y only add$ fuel to ! flame4 ,c]ta9 gross practices 7 aboli%$4 ,?is help$ to purify ! !atre1 b also to p]petuate x by remov+ ! se$s ( :at mu/ inevitably h meant its e>ly decay4 ,actors ( di/+ui%$ ability became popul> idols4 ,_! com+s & go+s 7 l royal progresses4 ,:]ev] !y w5t1 7 x to view ! *]ry blossoms at ,u5o1 = a boat+ p>ty on ! riv]1 or = a visit to ! ,yo%iw>a1 !y mov$ 9 /ate4 ,yet _! rank 9 ! social scale 0 s l[ t !y 7 look$ ^u z little bett] ?an eta4 ,! e>lie/ actors 7 contemptu\sly t]m$ kaw>a-mono 7riv]-b$ folk71 f ! fact t ! fir/ !atrical p]=mances 9 ,japan 7 ^u a /age erect$ 9 ! dry b$ ( ! ,kamogawa at ,kyoto4 ,! /igma t atta*$ to _! orig9 & to ! vulg>ity ( ! e>ly p]=mances has nev] be5 entirely lift$4 ,_m ( ! ,ukiyo arti/s felt x a degradation to make draw+s ( actors4 ,nev]!less ! popul> dem& creat$ a supply1 & = m ?an a c5tury a l>ge proportion ( ! enorm\s output ( pr9ts consi/$ ( !atrical sc5es & portraits ( ! p]=m]s4 ,,kiyomasu4 ,actors' ,boat+ ,p>ty ,,kiyomasu4 ,actors' ,boat+ ,p>ty ,_m ( ! pr9ts produc$ dur+ ! e>ly ye>s ( ! eighte5? c5tury 7 l>ge s+le figures ( actors1 gei%as1 & wom5 ( ! ,yo%iw>a4 ,^! 7 broadly treat$1 ) /rong1 free bru%-/rokes bas$ ^u ! te*nique ( ! ,kano ma/]s & q diff]5t f ,moronobu's /yle1 :i* 0 m ne>ly l t ( ! ,tosa pa9t]s4 ,ea* ( ! classical s*ools1 ,i may expla91 _h its own peculi> me?ods1 = :i* bru%es ( special %ape 7 requir$4 ,9 _! spontaneity1 _! fre$om1 _! glori\s sweep ( l9e1 ^! pr9ts are among ! f9e/ works ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool4 ,among !m are _m ma/]pieces ( l9e> composition4 ,yet by ! p ( ! upp] classes !y 7 reg>d$ z hopelessly vulg>4 ,?\gh ! ,kano pa9t]s us$ simil> sweep+ /rokes1 !y laid great /ress ^u c>efully modulat$ tone4 ,! notan1 or lightness & d>kness ( ! ink 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! draw+1 0 an ess5tial quality4 ,x %\ld n be confus$ ) *i>oscuro1 ! sci5ce ( light & %ade4 ,notan signifies m]ely diff]5ce 9 lightness & d>kness ( tone4 ,9 ! e>ly pr9ts ?is did n appe>4 ,all ! l9es 7 uni=mly black4 ,& ! addition ( col\r+ :i* 0 look$ ^u z co>se & gaudy 0 a fur!r (f5ce to p]sons ( ref9$ ta/e4 ,our vision n be+ hamp]$ by ! canons ( ! ,kano academy1 we c appreciate ! di/+ui%$ "* ( ^! compositions4 ,unque/ionably ! bru%-"w ( a ,ses%u1 a ,motonobu1 or a ,tanyu--to "n a few only ( ! mo/ em95t ( ! ,japanese pa9t]s--has a preci\s quality n to be f\nd 9 any pr9t$ l9e47#b7 ,nev]!less ! primitive ,ukiyo pr9ts h a fre%ness & vital =ce peculi>ly _! own4 ,! ^w 8primitive0 z appli$ to ^! pr9ts calls = a ^w ( explanation4 ,!y are primitive1 n 9 _! art1 :i* is highly develop$1 b m]ely z reg>ds its application to wood-engrav+4 ,! failure ( ,japanese connoisseurs to appreciate ,ukiyo art is n1 h[ev]1 entirely or ev5 pr9cipally because ( its te*nique4 ,! art ( ! classical s*ools is deeply imbu$ ) poetic feel+ & usually is dignifi$ 9 subject4 ,ukiyo art1 on ! contr>y1 is flippant1 :imsical1 comic4 ,except :5 x deals ) portraits1 l&scapes1 or birds & fl[]s--subjects t are n /rictly ,ukiyo--x is seldom t ! ?+s depict$ are int5d$ to be tak5 q s]i\sly4 ,9 ne>ly e picture !re is "s joke1 op5 or clev]ly hidd51 "s amus+ fantasy 9 ! %ape ( a mod]n analogue or trave/y ( popul> my?1 well-kn[n tale1 or hi/orical ev5t4 ,sly hits at ! vices or follies ( ! ari/ocrats are n uncommon4 ,a v l>ge proportion ( ! subjects deals ) ! !atre & ! d5iz5s ( ! ,yo%iw>a4 ,to ! ,japanese ( ! upp] classes ,ukiyo art 0 a synonym = ! art ( ! und]world4 ,x is n surpris+ t !y fail$ to appreciate its m]it4 ,to give ,ukiyo pa9t+s or pr9ts an hon\rable place 9 "o's h\se 0 a confession ( lack ( ta/e4 ,7 !re no o!r reason1 ! subjects = ! mo/ "p r5d]$ !m unfit1 if n impossible4 ,! pr9ts 7 inde$ amus+1 & !re=e _m ( !m 7 sav$2 b !y 7 look$ ^u mu* z we reg>d ! pictures 9 our comic p]iodicals4 ,ev5 :5 ! art 9 ^! is good1 x is h>d to disassociate x f ! hum\r & to enjoy x = itself alone4 ,m commonly we fail to appreciate x z art or ev5 to ?9k ( x z su*4 ,s x 0 ) ! pr9ts4 ,to ! ,japanese !y appe>$ little bett] ?an *ildr5's toys4 ,9 consid]+ ?is we %\ld n ov]look ! important circum/ance t :5 fir/ pr9t$ !y 7 9 g5]al less *>m+ ?an !y are to-day4 ,! wond]ful col\r t makes !m s entranc+ has come 9 l>ge measure ?r\gh ! mell[+ influ5ce ( "t4 ,n infrequ5tly ?is has wr\ght trans=mations t w\ld seem incr$ible did n close /udy %[ cle>ly ! *anges t h tak5 place4 ,,masanobu4 ,gei%a play+ ,samis54 ,,masanobu4 ,gei%a play+ ,samis54 ,ev5 to-day inh]it$ prejudice prev5ts wide-spread appreciation ( ! pr9ts 9 ! l& ( _! orig94 ,our en?usia/ic admiration is /ill m or less a my/]y to our neighb\rs across ! ,pacific4 ,only n[1 :5 mo/ ( ! f9e pr9ts h pass$ into ! h&s ( ,european & ,am]ican collectors1 are ! ,japanese connoisseurs beg9n+ to und]/& h[ x is t ! ,we/]n art-lov]1 unfett]$ by any traditional po9t ( view & n di/urb$ by any mean+s ! subject may hold or sugge/1 is able to p]ceive ! glori\s col\r1 ! sup]b composition1 ! ma/]ly treatm5t & r>e beauty to :i* !y h be5 bl9d4 ,! hi/ory ( art is ev]y:]e among civiliz$ peoples a record ( ! influ5ce ( a succession ( ideas1 ea* 9 turn dom9at+ = a long] or a %ort] p]iod ! "* ( :at is produc$4 ,:5 an idea has suffici5t vitality to con/itute ! g]m ( a specific type ( art1 & arti/s ( creative g5ius are inspir$ by x1 ! vot>ies work+ "u ! /imulus ( a common ideal =m :at we designate z a s*ool4 8,:5 left to pursue its c\rse ( developm5t un*eck$10 ea* m>k$ type ( art1 z ,john ,add+ton ,symonds po9t$ out 9 "o ( 8 essays1 8passes ?r\gh /ages correspond+ to ! embryonic1 ! adolesc5t1 ! matur$1 ! decad5t1 & ! exhau/$10 ,?is sequ5ce1 he %[$1 0 cle>ly m>k$ 9 ! evolution ( ,italian pa9t+1 ! ,attic & ! ,elizabe?an drama4 ,any ( ! classic s*ools ( ,japanese pa9t+1 ! ,kos1 ! ,yamato1 ! ,ses%u1 or ! ,kano1 w\ld furni% an excell5t illu/ration1 ?\gh 9 /udy+ ^! movem5ts x w\ld be necess>y to foll[ !m back to _! ,*9ese antec$5ts4 ,! ,ukiyo s*ool af=ds a p>ticul>ly /rik+ example4 ,9 ! works ( ! e>li] arti/s--,moronobu1 ,kiyonobu1 ,kiyomasu1 & ! ,kwaigetsudo gr\p--we f9d sup]abundant vig\r1 swift inspiration1 & spl5did ?\gh sometimes brutal =ce4 ,! note ( prophecy t ^! works conta9 is f\nd also 9 ^? ( ! next g5]ation ( arti/s1 =emo/ among :om 0 ,okumura ,masanobu4 ,! fire ( en?usiasm /ill gl[s brightly1 b m att5tion is paid to subtleties ( /yle1 to beauty ( detail1 & to ! developm5t ( te*nical processes4 ,h&-col\r$ pr9ts are sup]s$$ by ^? 9 :i* ! col\r z well z ! black outl9e is pr9t$4 ,ukiyo has become an art ( ! pr9t$ pictures :i* 9 l>ge measure h tak5 ! place ( pa9t+s4 ,!n1 aft] a brief int]val ( eag] exp]im5t & rapid *anges1 comes ! fl[]+-"t1 :5 a gr\p ( great arti/s turn out by ! ?\s& works 9 :i* spiritual int5sity is comb9$ ) grace1 beauty1 ref9em5t ( composition1 & te*nical p]fection4 ,?is is ! epo* ( ,h>unobu1 ,%un%o1 ,%igemasa1 ,koryusai1 ,kiyonaga1 & ,%un*o4 ,! decl9e ( ! initial impetus t br\ght ! s*ool into be+ is pla9ly app>5t 9 ! works ( ! next g5]ation4 ,utam>o 0 an arti/ ( ! v fir/ rank1 ^: g5ius _c be ga9said2 ,ei%i & ,toyokuni 7 only a little less brilliant2 b x 0 _! mis=tune to come ^u ! sc5e :5 ! cycle ( animat+ ideas _h be5 exhau/$4 ,too virile to be cont5t m]ely to e*o ! p]=mances ( _! pr$ecessors1 !y sp5t _! en]gy 9 inv5t+ v>iations ^u ! p]fect$ type4 ,x 0 ! only c\rse op5 to !m1 b x l$ /eadily & swiftly d[nw>d1 ?\gh nei!r ! arti/s nor ! p :o gleefully applaud$ ea* successive innovation 7 consci\s ( ! decad5ce4 ,) ! appe>ance ( /ill ano!r g5]ation ( arti/s ^u ! sc5e1 ! degradation ( ! s*ool 0 complete4 ,arti/ic feel+ 0 obscur$ by blatant vulg>ity & affectation4 ,!re 0 a /eady lett+ d[n to ! level ( ! popul> ta/e1 :i* 0 /eadily l[]$ 9 consequ5ce4 ,! skill ( ! m able arti/s 0 exp5d$ 9 ! production ( works int]e/+ *iefly z t\rs de =ce1 m rem>kable = te*nical ?an = arti/ic m]it2 ! t5d5cy t[>d exagg]at$ draw+ became m pron\nc$2 col\r+ grew m crude1 raw1 & ov]-vivid4 ,co9cid5t ) ?is decl9e 9 ! art ( ! ,popul> ,s*ool 0 a *ange = ! worse 9 ! fa%ions ( ! "t4 ,l\d patt]ns = brocades & o!r fabrics came into vogue2 g>m5ts became %[y & elaborate2 coiffures1 m especially ^? ( ! demi-monde1 7 (t5 />tl+ 9 _! extravagance4 ,z ! pr9ts 7 accurate mirrors ( contempor>y life1 9 ^! *ang$ fa%ions may be f\nd a p>tial explanation ( ! inf]iority ( ! works ( ! lat] m54 ,! ,ukiyo ,ryu 0 a s*ool ( design :i* laid its impress ^u all ( ! arts4 ,! pr9ts 7 b "o ( its phases1 ?\gh ! pr9cipal & ! mo/ di/+ui%$ ( !m4 ,! rise1 culm9ation1 & dis9tegration took place all along ! l9e4 ,t[>d ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ! ,ukiyo s*ool sank into ! dotage ( decrepitude1 & !n into ! sleep f :i* !re is no awak5+4 ,i *oose ?is phrase delib]ately4 ,an art t is ( ! pa/ c nev] be reviv$4 ,we may /rive to "w 9 ! /yle ( ,h>unobu or ( ,kiyonaga4 ,all we c d is to copy _! =ms & imitate _! mann]isms4 ,we _c possibly get our inspiration f ! same s\rce z !y2 t dri$ up at ! f\nta9-head long ago4 ,! be/ "w we c d 9 _! /yle mu/ necess>ily lack creative =ce & be )\t a sp>k ( real vitality4 ,prim>ily ! *>m ( ! ,ukiyo col\r-pr9ts is due to ! fact t ! lead+ ma/]s ( ! s*ool 7 arti/s ( exceptional p[]4 ,x is also due to ! fact t mo/ ( !m7#c7 made pr9t-design+ _! *ief occupation1 to :i* !y devot$ _! ?\ght1 "t1 & skill1 & t ) r>e exceptions !y 7 less di/+ui%$ z pa9t]s4 ,,toyonobu4 ,actor read+ ,lett] ,,toyonobu4 ,actor read+ ,lett] ,f ab\t #afgj1 :5 ,moronobu began to issue s+le-%eet pr9ts1 until ab\t #agdb1 a p]iod ( at lea/ sev5ty ye>s1 ! pr9ts 7 9 black outl9e & 7 col\r$ by h&4 ,!y 71 9 fact1 *eap pa9t+s4 ,e>ly 9 ! eighte5? c5tury ! *ief pigm5t us$ 9 col\r+ !m 0 r$ lead4 ,! ,japanese "n = ?is pigm5t is tan1 & ! pr9ts ^u :i* x appe>s are designat$ z tan-y4 ,ab\t #agaj yell[ & citr9e 7 commonly us$ ) ! tan4 ,f\r or five ye>s lat] a new /yle ( h&-col\r+1 said to h be5 devis$ by ,torii ,kiyonobu1 came into vogue & greatly modifi$ ! /yle 9 :i* ! pr9ts 7 design$4 ,9 place ( tan he sub/itut$ b5i1 a v beautiful b fugitive r$ extract$ f ! saffron4 ,?is 0 us$ 9 comb9ation ) a gre5i% yell[ 7probably gamboge7 & l[-ton$ blues & purples4 ,f9] details 7 introduc$ into ! designs1 & ! col\r+ 9 g5]al 0 m c>efully done4 ,9 response to a gr[+ dem& = less exp5sive pieces small] pr9ts 7hoso-y7 became common4 ,to give brilliance to ! pigm5ts a little ?9 lacqu] 7uru%i7 0 mix$ ) !m1 &1 :ile wet1 p>ts ( ! design 7 spr9kl$ ) metallic p[d]1 :i* 0 probably appli$ by bl[+ x ?r\gh a small bamboo tube4 ,^! pr9ts 7 kn[n z uru%i-y1 or lacqu] pr9ts4 ,a little lat] ! cu/om grew up ( pa9t+ p>ts ( ! pr9ts ) black lacqu]4 ,n until ! ye> #agdb did ! practice beg9 ( apply+ col\r by impressions f flat wood blocks4 ,:y ! inv5tion %\ld h be5 s long delay$1 & :y1 aft] x 0 once made1 ne>ly f\rte5 ye>s m %\ld h elaps$ be=e ! numb] ( col\r-blocks 0 increas$ beyond two1 are que/ions to :i* no c]ta9 answ] is yet =?com+4 ,x is incr$ible t dur+ ! =ty ye>s :5 innum]able h&-col\r$ pr9ts 7 issu$ no "o %\ld h conceiv$ ! idea ( pr9t+ ! col\r z well z ! black outl9e4 ,)\t d\bt "s practical difficulty connect$ ) ! pr9t+ /ood 9 ! way4 ,possibly ! ?+ t await$ discov]y 0 ! trick ( mix+ rice pa/e ) ! col\r to keep x f runn+4 ,or1 z is m likely1 x took a long :ile to discov] a practical me?od ( secur+ accurate regi/] 9 impressions made ^u damp pap] :i* 0 liable to /ret* or %r9k dur+ ! pr9t+ process4 ,:atev] ! problem may h be51 ! hon\r ( ! solution is due to ,okumura ,masanobu4 ,be+ a publi%] z well z an arti/1 he 0 no d\bt alive to ! economic advantage ( a *eap] process & to ! attraction ( novelty4 ,"s ye>s e>li] he _h inv5t$ ! ha%ira-y1 or pill>-pr9t1 & _h also put =? a s]ies ( pr9ts t %[ a fair und]/&+ ( ! laws ( l9e> p]spective to :i* he gave ! "n ( ,ukiy4 ,be+ an arti/ z well z a publi%]1 ,masanobu p]ceiv$ t ! *ange 9 process call$ = a *ange 9 ! /yle ( ! designs4 ,! v fir/ ( ! new pr9ts1 !re=e1 7 *>act]iz$ by f9] & m exquisite detail ?an 0 suitable = ! h&-col\r$ editions4 ,! col\rs us$ 7 b5i & a s(t gre52 & ! "n b5i-y1 :i* _h be5 appli$ to ! h&-col\r$ pr9ts 9 :i* b5i 0 us$1 0 also giv5 to !m4 ,a happi] selection ( col\rs c\ld n h be5 made4 ,by ?9n+ ! r$ & modify+ ! hue ( ! gre5 a wide range ( effects 0 secur$4 ,almo/ e possible comb9ation & v>iation 0 tri$ dur+ ! f\rte5 or fifte5 ye>s t ! b5i-y 7 9 vogue4 ,! _w is f> ri*] because ( ?is long p]iod be=e ! numb] ( col\r-blocks 0 increas$1 s9ce "t 0 af=d$ to "w out ! decorative possibilities result+ f ! limitation to two col\rs & black & :ite4 ,?is limitation dem&$ f9e skill & creative res\rce 9 ! inv5tion ( patt]n & ! di/ribution ( ! col\rs employ$47#d7 ,! results a*iev$ 7 rem>kable4 ,until "o has se5 !m x is impossible to realize t s mu* life & vivacity ( col\r+ c\ld be giv5 by impressions f two blocks *>g$ ) rose & gre54 ,,kiyomitsu4 ,daimyo ,procession ,game4 ,,kiyomitsu4 ,daimyo ,procession ,game4 ,by _m ! b5i-y are reg>d$ z ! *oice/ products ( ! s*ool4 ,s *>m+ 7 !y :5 fir/ pr9t$ t !y spe$ily drove ! uru%i-y pr9ts out ( ! m>ket1 ) ! exception ( ! tall ha%ira-y1 or pill> pr9ts1 ( :i* h&-col\r$ editions cont9u$ to be produc$ = a ye> or two1 to satisfy ^? :o /ill wi%$ pa9t+s r ?an pr9ts4 ,mo/ ( ! b5i-y t h surviv$ until our "t are v mu* fad$4 ,! b5i has q g5]ally turn$ into a s(t yell[ or disappe>$ altoge!r4 ,! gre5 is m /able1 b t also has 9 _m in/ances become a w>m citr9e or russet4 ,extremely r>e are ! specim5s 9 :i* ! orig9al col\r has n suff]$ mat]ial modification4 ,f ! te/imony ( ! pr9ts !mselves x appe>s probable t v soon aft] ,okumura ,masanobu issu$ ! fir/ pr9ts 9 b5i & gre51 simil> pr9ts 7 put =? by ,ni%imura ,%ig5aga1 ,i%ikawa ,toyonobu1 ,torii ,%iro 7o!rwise ,kiyonobu ! second71 & all ! ,y$o pr9t-design]s1 among !m ! vet]an ,torii ,kiyomasu4 ,none ( ^! m5 seems to h attempt$ any m>k$ dep>ture f ! type e/abli%$ by ,okumura4 ,ab\t #agee1 h[ev]1 a gr\p ( "y m5 appe>$ ^u ! sc5e1 :o 7 fir$ ) zeal = fur!r exp]im5ts4 ,! lead]s 7 ,torii ,kiyomitsu1 ,kitao ,%igemasa1 & ,suzuki ,h>unobu4 ,kiyomitsu began by try+ novel col\r s*emes su* z two tones ( b5i in/ead ( b5i & gre54 ,!n he tri$ a ?ird col\r-block4 ,aft] ?is new developm5ts foll[$ 9 rapid succession4 ,! v>iety & range ( ! col\r s*emes broad5$ almo/ f day to day4 ,at fir/ ! wid] res\rces prov$ an emb>rassm5t1 b ! ma/]y atta9$ 9 deal+ ) ! simpl] means soon enabl$ ! arti/s to take advantage ( !m4 ,inv5tion 0 /imulat$4 ,9 #agfd a pr9t] nam$ ,k9roku discov]$ a me?od by :i* pr9t+ 9 col\rs f _m blocks became possible4 ,we c only guess at ! nature ( ! difficulty t 0 surm\nt$2 b z x is kn[n t ! pr9t+ 0 usually done ^u damp5$ pap]1 x is evid5t t ! /ret*+ or %r9k+ ( ! %eets1 to :i* ,i h already ref]r$1 mu/ h prov$ extremely tr\blesome1 & t e additional block mu/ h multipli$ ! liability to defective regi/]4 ,x is reasonably safe to assume1 !re=e1 t to f9d "s means ( ov]com+ ?is 0 ! problem :i* rema9$ unsolv$ = s _m ye>s4 ,,h>unobu4 ,"y ,woman be=e ,torii4 ,,h>unobu4 ,"y ,woman be=e ,torii4 ,! "n ( ,suzuki ,h>unobu is famili> to e admir] ( ,japanese pr9ts4 ,x is 9 l>ge measure to 8 g5ius t ! developm5t ( full-col\r pr9t+ is due4 ,he 0 n only ! fir/ arti/ to make use ( ! new process1 b he took advantage ( x to br+ out pr9ts ( a novel type4 ,v da9ty & graceful ^! 71 & 9 ! poetic allusions or quiet hum\r ) :i* !y 7 *>g$1 & 9 ! quality ( ! bru%-/rokes ) :i* ! draw+s 7 execut$1 !y made a direct appeal to m5 ( ta/e4 ,success 0 in/antane\s4 ,by ! ye> #agfe ,h>unobu _h come to ! front & di/anc$ all competitors = popul> fav\r4 ,! s]5ity & compell+ *>m ( 8 compositions br\ght him wide fame4 ,realiz+ ! possibilities t n[ lay be=e him1 he pr\dly exclaim$1 8,:y %\ld ,i degrade myself by ! del9eation ( actors80 ,8 ambition1 he said1 0 to become 8! true successor ( ! pa9t]s 9 ! dep>tm5t ( pr9t+02 t is to say1 to design pr9ts t %\ld be wor?y sub/itutes = pa9t+s4 ,in/ead ( re/rict+ himself to a few prim>y or second>y hues & ! v>iations result+ f _! sup]position1 he mix$ 8 col\rs to get ! precise t9t desir$1 & he us$ z _m col\r-blocks z 7 ne$$ = ! effects at :i* he aim$4 ,! ,y$o-y1 or ,y$o pictures1 z ! pr9ts _h be5 call$ f ! fact t !y 7 produc$ only at ! ea/]n capital1 7 n[ d5om9at$ ni%iki-y1 or brocade pictures1 f ! numb] ( col\rs wov5 toge!r 9 !m4 ,to ! pr9t+ itself1 ! *>g+ ( ! blocks ) col\r1 ! "* & quality ( ! pigm5ts & ( ! pap] us$1 ,h>unobu gave c>eful att5tion1 & ^! ?+s 7 greatly improv$ z a result ( 8 exp]im5ts4 ,"u 8 lead]%ip ! art n[ ent]$ ^u ! p]iod ( its greate/ triumphs4 ,9 ! eag] se>* = novel subjects sc>cely any?+ 0 left unt\*$4 ,hi/ory1 my?ology1 & romance1 ! numb]less ftes & m]rymak+s ( ! p & ! daily r\t9e ( _! lives1 repres5tations ( celebrat$ poets & h]oes1 sc5es f ! drama1 portraits ( popul> actors & c\rtesans1 ! revels ( ! ,yo%iw>a1 animals & plants1 famili> sc5es & fam\s l&scapes1 furni%$ motives = almo/ endless broad%eets & book illu/rations4 ,no o!r art 0 ev] m cr[d$ ) human int]e/4 ,! =w>d movem5t 9 pr9t-design+ at ?is epo* 0 help$ on by a numb] ( highly gift$ arti/s :o seem to h work$ toge!r to "s ext5t4 ,katsukawa ,%un%o1 :o took up ! !atrical bran* ( pr9t-design+ t ,h>unobu scorn$1 is "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ ma/]s ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool4 ,he 0 a design] ( m>k$ p[]1 a col\ri/ ( ! fir/ rank4 ,8 works are n yet appreciat$ z !y %\ld be1 b ! f9e/ ( !m yield pure ae/hetic delight ( mo/ exalt$ quality4 ,kitao ,%igemasa1 ,ippitsusai ,bun*o1 & ,isoda ,koryusai also rank among ! fir/-rate m5 ( ?is p]iod4 ,9 ! conte/ = popul> fav\r dur+ ! t5 ye>s foll[+ ! dea? ( ,h>unobu1 :i* took place 9 ! summ] ( #aggj1 x has be5 said t ! gu]don re/$ ^u ,koryusai1 b t is a mi/ake1 = bo? ,%un%o & ,%igemasa /ood high] 9 ! e/imation ( qualifi$ judges4 ,all1 h[ev]1 7 surpass$ a few ye>s lat] by ,kiyonaga1 ! la/ great arti/ ( ! ,torii l9e & ! culm9at+ figure 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,popul> ,s*ool4 ,he conqu]$ by ! rugg$ /r5g? & m>vell\s quality ( 8 bru%-/rokes1 by ! ri*ness ( 8 col\r+ & ! ripe ma/]y he display$ ov] all ! res\rces ( 8 craft4 ,b also he creat$ a new type ( design--t :i* f\nd expression 9 ! great dipty*s & tripty*s t /& z ! triumphs ( col\r-pr9t+4 ,at ! height ( 8 p[] 8 influ5ce ov] 8 contempor>ies 0 s great t1 )\t exception1 ! y\ng] m5 among !m copi$ 8 /yle z closely z !y c\ld4 ,:5 ,kiyonaga1 ab\t #agic1 /opp$ design+ pr9ts1 ! decad5ce _h already set 94 ,! decade t foll[$ 0 a p]iod ( rapid det]ioration1 ) ,utam>o z its p>ticul> evil g5ius4 ,yet _m ( ! mo/ spl5did ( ! pr9ts 7 produc$ 9 t decade4 ,:]e %all we look = any?+ f9] ?an ,ei%i's wond]ful s]ies ) ! *ocolate backgr\nd1 or 8 tripty*s ( ! ,pr9ce ,g5ji s]ies8 ,:]e %all we f9d any?+ to equal ! brilliant *>act]ization ( ,%>aku's actor portraits8 ,:]e else %all we turn = su* m>vell\sly facile rhy?mic l9e1 su* swift1 vital h&l+ z t :i* made ,utam>o's ma/]pieces ! despair ( 8 _m imitators8 ,toyokuni also design$ _m f9e pr9ts2 b z he 0 a man ( less =ce ?an ! o!rs ,i h nam$1 he fell fa/] & f>!r ?an !y did1 & few] ( 8 works comm& our admiration4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,i h left myself little "t to speak ( two em95t arti/s1 bo? ( !m _w-r5[n$1 :o by _! g5ius made ! latt] ye>s ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool z notable 9 _! way z any 9 its entire hi/ory4 ,ei!r ,hokusai or ,hiro%ige might well engage our att5tion = an entire ev5+4 ,bo? 7 extraord9>ily prolific2 ,hokusai 0 ! m v]satile & has ! wid] reputation4 ,bo? are among ! greate/ l&scape arti/s ! _w has ev] kn[n4 ,_! num]\s pr9ts ( l&scapes are a revelation ( ! possibilities ( orig9ality 9 composition & v>iety ( int]e/ 9 ?is field4 ,unless "o has /udi$ ^! pr9ts 9 f9e examples1 x is impossible to realize h[ great is _! m]it4 ,?is is true ( all ! pr9ts1 b p>ticul>ly true ( ,hiro%ige's4 ,betwe5 ! be/ impressions & ! v good ones ! diff]5ce is really a/oni%+4 ,b ! be/ are s extremely r>e z to make x probable t because ( ! difficulty & ! co/ ( pr9t+1 v few ( !m 7 issu$--! publi%]s f9d+ *eap] editions m pr(itable4 ,?\gh class$ z ,ukiyo arti/s1 ,hokusai & ,hiro%ige really repres5t a sep>ate movem5t :i* und\bt$ly w\ld h cry/alliz$ into a di/9ct s*ool _h wor?y foll[]s aris5 to c>ry x =w>d1 _h ! times be5 diff]5t1 &1 la/ b n lea/1 _h ! g5ius ( ! two ma/]s be5 less transc5d5t4 ,9 ?is sket* ( ! hi/ory ( ! art ( ,ukiyo col\r-pr9t+ only ! m sali5t features h be5 t\*$ ^u4 ,( ! pr9ts !mselves x is n too mu* to say t ! f9e/ ( !m are ! mo/ beautiful specim5s ( pr9t+ t h be5 done 9 any l& at any "t4 ,yet none b ! mo/ primitive me?ods--or :at f our po9t ( view may seem su*--7 employ$4 ,! mo/ wond]ful among all ! pr9ts is b a 8rubb+0 or impression tak5 by h& f wood blocks4 ,! arti/ hav+ drawn ! design ) ! po9t ( a bru% 9 outl9e ^u ?9 pap]1 x 0 h&$ ov] to ! engrav]1 :o began 8 "p ( ! "w by pa/+ ! design face d[nw>d ^u a flat block ( wood1 usually *]ry1 sawn plankwise z 9 ! case ( ! blocks us$ by ,european wood-engrav]s 9 ! "t ( ,dr]4 ,! pap] 0 !n scrap$ at ! back until ! design %[$ ?r\gh di/9ctly 9 e "p4 ,next1 ! wood 0 c>efully cut away1 leav+ ! l9es 9 relief1 c>e be+ tak5 to pres]ve fai?fully e feature ( ! bru%-/rokes ) :i* ! draw+ 0 execut$4 ,a numb] ( impressions 7 !n tak5 9 ,*9ese ink f ?is 8key block0 & h&$ to ! arti/ to fill 9 ) col\r4 ,?is +5i\s plan1 :i* is manife/ly an outgr[? ( ! e>ly cu/om ( col\r+ ! ink pr9ts 7sumi-y7 by h&1 & :i* p]haps w\ld nev] h be5 ?\ght ( _h n ! col\r itself be5 an aft]?\ght1 enabl$ ! arti/ to try _m exp]im5ts 9 col\r arrangem5t ) a m9imum am\nt ( lab\r4 ,! col\r s*eme & ornam5tation ( ! surfaces hav+ be5 det]m9$1 ! engrav] made z _m subsidi>y blocks7#e7 z 7 requir$1 ! p>ts meant to take ! col\r be+ left rais$ & ! re/ cut away4 ,accurate regi/] 0 secur$ by ! simple/ ( devices4 ,a "r-angl$ m>k engrav$ at ! l[] "r-h& corn] ( ! orig9al block1 & a /raight m>k 9 exact l9e ) its l[] arm at ! left1 7 repeat$ ^u ea* subsequ5t block1 &1 9 pr9t+1 ! %eets 7 laid d[n s t _! l[] & "r-h& edges correspond$ ) ! m>ks s made4 ,! defective regi/] :i* may be obs]v$ 9 _m pr9ts 0 sometimes caus$ by unequal %r9k+ or swell+ ( ! blocks4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 late impressions are (t5 inf]ior to ! e>ly ones1 ev5 ?\gh pr9t$ ) ! same c>e1 & f blocks t _h worn v little4 ,! alignm5t w usually be f\nd to be exact ^u "o side ( ! pr9t1 b to get fur!r out ( regi/] z ! o!r side is approa*$4 ,! pr9t+ 0 done on moi/ pap] ) ,*9ese ink & col\r appli$ to ! blocks ) flat bru%es4 ,a little rice pa/e 0 usually mix$ ) ! pigm5ts to keep !m f runn+ & to increase _! brightness4 ,sometimes dry rice fl\r 0 du/$ ov] ! blocks aft] !y 7 *>g$4 ,to ?is me?od ( *>g+ ! blocks mu* ( ! beauty ( ! result may be attribut$4 ,! col\r c\ld be modifi$1 grad$1 or *ang$ at w1 ! blocks cov]$ entirely or p>tially4 ,h>d1 me*anical accuracy 0 avoid$4 ,impressions diff]$ ev5 :5 ! pr9t]'s aim 0 uni=mity4 ,sometimes1 9 ink+ ! 8key block10 :i* 0 usually ! la/ impress$1 "s ( ! l9es w\ld fail to receive ! pigm5t1 or w\ld be ov]*>g$4 ,?is 0 especially liable to happ5 :5 ! blocks 7 worn & ! edges ( ! l9es became r\nd$4 ,a little m or a little less pigm5t sometimes made a decid$ diff]5ce 9 ! tone ( ! pr9t1 &1 x may be not$1 has n infrequ5tly det]m9$ ! nature & ! ext5t ( ! discol\ration wr\ght by "t4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,9 pr9t+1 a %eet ( pap] 0 laid ^u ! block & ! pr9t] rubb$ (f ! impression1 us+ = ! purpose a k9d ( pad call$ a b>54 ,?is 0 appli$ to ! back ( ! pap] & manipulat$ ) a circul> movem5t ( ! h&4 ,by v>y+ ! dampness ( ! pap] & ! degree ( pressure ! col\r c\ld be =c$ deep into ! pap]1 or left ^u ! out] fibres only1 s t ! :it5ess ( ^? bel[ ! surface w\ld %9e ?r\gh1 giv+ ! peculi> effect ( light :i* is se5 at its be/ 9 "s ( ! surimono 7pr9ts design$ = di/ribution at ,new ,ye>'s or o!r p>ticul> occasions7 by ,hokusai & 8 contempor>ies4 ,un9k$ blocks 7 us$ = emboss+ portions ( ! designs4 ,! skill ( ! pr9t] 0 a l>ge factor 9 produc+ ! be/ results4 ,ev5 ! brilliancy ( ! col\r result$ l>gely f 8 manipulation ( ! pigm5ts & v>i\s little tricks 9 _! application4 ,! fir/ impressions 7 n ! be/1 "s =ty or fifty hav+ to be pull$ be=e ! block w\ld take ! col\r prop]ly4 ,_m k9ds ( pap] 7 us$4 ,= ! be/ ( ! old pr9ts x 0 ?ick1 spongy 9 texture1 & ( an almo/ ivory tone4 ,! f9e/ specim5s 7 pr9t$ "u ! direct p]sonal sup]vision ( ! arti/s :o design$ !m4 ,e detail 0 look$ aft] ) ! utmo/ c>e4 ,no pa9s 7 sp>$ 9 mix+ ! t9ts1 9 *>g+ ! blocks1 9 lay+ on ! pap] s z to get ! be/ possible impressions4 ,exp]im5ts 7 (t5 tri$ by v>y+ ! col\r s*emes4 ,pr9ts ( important s]ies1 z1 = example1 ,hokusai's fam\s 8,?irty-six ,views ( ,fuji10 are met ) 9 widely div]g5t col\r+s4 ,! pigm5ts mo/ frequ5tly us$ 7 comp>atively few1 & diff]5t lots ( ! same pigm5t seem to h be5 f> f uni=m 9 hue4 ,z to ?is & "s o!r po9ts ^u :i* we %\ld be glad to h light1 no v c]ta9 in=mation exi/s4 ,we d n "k h[ soon "s ( ! col\rs began to fade4 ,int]nal evid5ce indicates t 9 "s in/ances ! *ange took place )9 a comp>atively %ort "t1 z 9 ! case ( ! lovely blue us$ by ,h>unobu & ,%un%o *iefly z a col\r = sky & wat]4 ,x appe>s to h be5 a comp\nd t9t =m$ ( blue mix$ ) "s o!r col\r to modify its int5sity4 ,9 ! *ange :i* foll[$--possibly a *emical "o--! blue disappe>$ 9 :ole or 9 "p1 leav+ 9 its /ead a buff hue hav+ peculi> dep? & a s(t1 velvety texture4 ,to our eyes ! modifi$ col\r is (t5 f> m beautiful ?an ! orig9al1 b ! v>iation1 x may safely be ass]t$1 0 n desir$ by ! arti/4 ,! quality ( ! col\r wr\ght by ^! *anges expla9s :y x is n possible to-day to reproduce ! pr9ts successfully4 ,! pr9t+ process is /ill 9 use1 &1 z ! plates 9 su* publications z 8,kokka0 atte/1 v spl5did results are /ill yield$ by x4 ,b "s ( ! old pigm5ts _c n[ be obta9$2 & if !y c\ld be1 we %\ld /ill h to wait long ye>s = "t to mell[ ! pr9ts made ) !m4 ,indigo c be _h1 b x is n ! same indigo & its col\r is n q l ! old1 :i* 0 extract$ f blue clo? import$ f ,*9a4 ,b5i c be made1 b ! secret ( ! blue add$ to x to produce ! div9e violet se5 9 _m ( ! pr9ts has be5 lo/1 z has t ( ! preci\s moss-gre5 us$ by ,utam>o4 ,_m reproductions h be5 made dur+ ! la/ tw5ty-five ye>s1 & "s ( !m are extremely clev]2 b ! pr9t+ lacks dep?1 & :5 plac$ beside ! old works !y appe> dull & lifeless4 ,col\r-pr9ts 7 made = _m purposes4 ,to "s ext5t !y 7 us$ z adv]tisem5ts4 ,incid5tally !y s]v$ z fa%ion plates4 ,"s 7 regul>ly publi%$ & sold 9 %ops4 ,o!rs 7 design$ expressly ^u ord]s f patrons1 to :om ! entire edition--sometimes a v small "o--0 deliv]$4 ,! numb] /ruck f any block1 or set ( blocks1 v>i$ widely4 ,( ! m popul> pr9ts _m editions 7 pr9t$1 ea* "o1 z might be expect$1 inf]ior to ^? t prec$$ x4 ,n infrequ5tly ! ,y$o publi%]s remov$ f _! out-(-date blocks ! m>ks %[+ _! impr9t1 & sold !m to publi%]s 9 ,osaka & ,nagoya1 by :om poor & *eap editions 7 issu$4 ,eiraku-ya ( ,nagoya1 9 p>ticul>1 is said to h b\ght _m old blocks1 "s ( :i* 7 revamp$ 9 v>i\s ways be=e be+ repr9t$4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,,h>unobu4 ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,9 a numb] ( in/ances1 :5 blocks _h worn out or _h be5 accid5tally de/roy$ 9 ! fires by :i* ,y$o 0 ravag$1 ! arti/s 7 call$ ^u to make new draw+s ( ! same subjects4 ,usually1 9 su* cases1 ! second design diff]$ v little f ! fir/1 save 9 su* details z ! patt]ns ^u ! g>m5ts ( ! figures & ! /yles ( hair arrangem5t1 :i* inv>iably reflect$ ! curr5t mode4 ,kiyonaga's 8,iris ,g>d50 & 8 well-kn[n tripty* 8,u%iwaka ,s]5ad+ ,jorurihime0 are notable examples ( ?is practice4 ,two designs ( ea* ( ^! 7 issu$1 ! int]vals betwe5 ! appe>ance ( ! fir/ & second be+1 9 ea* in/ance1 ab\t ?ree or f\r ye>s4 ,= ! lat] editions ( _m ( ! pr9ts design$ by ,h>unobu *anges 7 made 9 ! blocks1 & ! numb] 0 sometimes increas$ & sometimes decreas$4 ,aft] 8 dea? re-engrav+s ( a numb] ( 8 pr9ts appe> to h be5 made1 z well z =g$ works 9 imitation ( 8 /yle to :i* 8 "n 0 atta*$4 ,mo/ ( ! pr9ts 7 sold at ! "t ( publication = a few s54 ,! f9] ones br\ght relatively high] prices1 & su* pr9ts z ! great tripty*s & /ill l>g] compositions by ,kiyonaga1 ,ei%i1 ,toyokuni1 ,utam>o1 & o!r lead+ arti/s c\ld nev] h be5 v *eap4 ,9 g5]al1 h[ev]1 ! price 0 small & !y 7 reg>d$ z ephem]al ?+s4 ,_m 7 us$ to ornam5t ! small scre5s t s]v$ to protect kit*5 fires f ! w9d1 & 9 ?is use 7 inevitably soil$ & br[n$ by smoke4 ,o!rs1 made into kakemono or m\nt$ ^u ! slid+ p>titions ( ! h\ses1 p]i%$ 9 ! fires by :i* ,japanese cities h be5 deva/at$2 or1 if 9 h\ses t *anc$ safely to run ! gauntlet ( fires1 typhoons1 cl\dbur/s1 & o!r mi%aps1 _! col\rs fad$ & _! surfaces 7 rubb$ until little m ?an dim outl9es 7 left4 ,^! lo/ pr9ts include a v l>ge proportion ( ^? t 7 mo/ beautiful1 & especially ( ^? hav+ in(f5sive subjects4 ,=tunately1 ?\gh ! upp] classes did n consid] ! pr9ts z works ( art1 t did n prev5t !m f buy+ !m = ! ent]ta9m5t !y af=d$4 ,! samurai1 ?\gh !y consid]$ x degrad+ to take "p 9 ! amusem5ts ( ! l[] classes & affect$ to despise ! vulg>ity ( ! !atre1 sometimes att5d$ ! p]=mances 9 disguise4 ,& :5 !y return$ to _! home prov9ces ) _! feudal lords aft] ! six mon?s ( e ye> sp5t 9 ! capital1 !y usually c>ri$ ) !m l>ge quantities ( pr9ts4 ,c\ntry p visit+ ,y$o r>ely return$ )\t tak+ _m ( ^! *eap s\v5irs ( ! city to di/ribute among _! neighb\rs4 ,( c\rse _m 7 de/roy$1 b ! ,japanese h always be5 accu/om$ to take c>e ( _! possessions1 & s _m ?\s&s ( pr9ts 7 neatly pack$ away 9 boxes & plac$ 9 ! kuras1 or firepro( /oreh\ses4 ,!re !y 7 (t5 spoil$ by mildew1 ! dread foe ( ! ,japanese h\sewife1 & eat5 by insects4 ,^? pa/$ 9 albums1 z 7 _m ( ! not$ s]ies by ,hokusai & ,hiro%ige1 f>$ bett] ?an ! loose ones4 ,,h>unobu4 ,woman read+ ,lett]4 ,,h>unobu4 ,woman read+ ,lett]4 ,?us x has come ab\t t 9 spite ( ! enorm\s numb] pr9t$1 really *oice specim5s are v r>e4 ,( _m ( ! mo/ important only two or ?ree copies 9 good condition are kn[n4 ,ev5 at ! "t ( _! issue ! numb] ( ^? 9 :at may be call$ ! 8pro(0 /ate c\ld n h be5 l>ge4 ,! be/ pr9t+1 z has already be5 po9t$ out1 0 n only difficult & relatively exp5sive--p]haps prohibitively exp5sive 9 _m in/ances except = a small numb] ( impressions--b :5 ! blocks _h worn s t ! edges ( ! f9e/ l9es _h lo/ _! %>pness1 x 0 q impossible4 ,collections ( pr9ts 7 r>ely made4 ,lit]>y m5 (t5 sav$ su* z 7 inscrib$ ) odes ( especial m]it1 or _h recondite mean+s t appeal$ to !m1 & to _! c>e we are indebt$ = ! pres]vation ( ! majority ( ^? t h surviv$ 9 p]fect or ne>ly p]fect condition4 ,= ^? :o h le>n$ ! elem5ts ( _! language ! *>m ( ! pr9ts is v great4 ,i %\ld p]haps say ! *>m ( "s ( ! pr9ts is v great2 =1 z we le>n :at we ought to admire1 we le>n to discrim9ate1 at fir/ betwe5 ! works ( ! diff]5t arti/s1 !n betwe5 diff]5t works by ! same arti/1 & f9ally betwe5 diff]5t copies ( ! same "w4 ,! tru? is t ! pr9ts are only 9 a remote s5se to be spok5 ( z reproductions4 ,ea* impression is m or less an individual "w ( art2 ! diff]5ce 9 quality betwe5 "o & ano!r is (t5 a/oni%+ly wide4 ,9 conclusion x may be well to specify briefly "s ( ! qualities 9 ! pr9ts t appeal to p ( ta/e4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re is ! compell+ *>m ( col\r4 ,equally notable are excell5ce ( composition1 grace1 beauty1 & sweep ( l9e1 di/9ctive "*1 d>+ness ( conception1 & p]fect balance ( bo? l9e & mass4 ,collectively ! pr9ts furni% ! cle>e/ exemplification ( ! basic pr9ciples ( design t ! _w has to (f]4 ,n[h]e else c we f9d s mu* accompli%$ ) simple means4 ,te*nically1 also1 !y fulfil e requirem5t4 ,consid]$ m]ely z wood-engrav+s1 !y are ( ! fir/ ord] ( excell5ce4 ,?\gh ! draw+ is seldom sci5tifically accurate1 x is1 nev]!less1 ( exquisite ref9em5t & subtlety4 ,9 %ort1 ! be/ pr9ts are creative works ( v high ord] :i* amply ju/ify our admiration because ( _! intr9sic m]it4 ,,koryusai4 ,musume leap+ f ,temple ,balcony4 ,,koryusai4 ,musume leap+ f ,temple ,balcony4 ,,catalogue ,,( ,a ,,loan ,,collection ,,( ,,japanese ,,col\r-,,pr9ts ,,! ,,japan ,,society ,,( ,,new ,,york ,,fif? ,,av5ue ,,build+4 ,,april #ai ,,to ,,may #ai1 #aiaa ,,introduction ,! lead+ ma/]s ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool 7 a gr\p ( v great arti/s4 ,! names ( ,kiyonaga1 ,h>unobu1 ,okumura ,masanobu1 ,utam>o1 ,hokusai1 & ,hiro%ige belong 9 ! category ( ^? ^: fame is _w-wide4 ,,%un%o4 ,woman 9 ,r$4 ,,%un%o4 ,woman 9 ,r$4 ,! f9e/ ( ! col\r-pr9ts design$ by ^! m5 & _! fell[-arti/s are ma/]pieces ( r>e di/9ction4 ,?is does n mean t all ( _! works %\ld be s class$4 ,! me?od by :i* ! pr9ts 7 produc$ enabl$ ! arti/s to turn !m out rapidly1 & _m 7 made t 7 trivial 9 "*4 ,!y s]v$ almo/ z _m purposes 9 _! "t z engrav+s1 et*+s1 li?ographs1 & ! photographic process reproductions d ) u to-day4 ,naturally !y v>i$ widely 9 m]it & 9 quality4 ,_m h be5 pres]v$1 b ! important pr9ts by ! great] arti/s are un=tunately v r>e2 few ( !m h surviv$ ! vicissitudes ( "t1 & few] /ill 9 good condition4 ,! inception ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool dates back to ! e>ly ye>s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 :5 a pa9t] nam$ ,iwasa ,matahei1 dep>t+ f ! traditional subjects ( ! pa9t]s ( ! classic s*ools1 made pictures ( danc+-girls & sc5es ( e-day life4 ,! fir/ pr9ts 7 made ab\t #affj by ,hi%ikawa ,moronobu & 7 9 simple black outl9e4 ,!y 7 sometimes col\r$ by h& ) a few t\*es ( col\r r\ghly laid on1 probably by ! publi%]'s assi/ants4 ,9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! sev5te5? c5tury a /yle ( col\r+ kn[n z tan-y 7f ! pr$om9ant use ( a r$-lead pigm5t kn[n z tan7 came into vogue4 ,a little lat] pr9ts 7 sold ) m elaborate h&-col\r+4 ,lacqu] 0 mix$ ) ! pigm5ts to give !m brilliancy1 & ! pr9ts 7 kn[n z uru%i-y1 or lacqu] pr9ts4 ,9 or ab\t ! ye> #agdb ,okumura ,masanobu began to make ! fir/ true col\r-pr9ts4 ,= ^! he us$ only two col\rs1 gre5 & a s(t r$ call$ b5i1 & ! pr9ts 7 kn[n z b5i-y4 ,= "s ye>s difficulties connect$ ) ! pr9t+ prev5t$ ! use ( m ?an two col\r-blocks1 & n until #agfd 0 a me?od discov]$ :i* made x possible to use z _m blocks z might be requir$4 ,suzuki ,h>unobu 0 ! fir/ arti/ to take advantage ( ! discov]y4 ,! pr9ts design$ by him dur+ ! next six ye>s are among ! f9e/ works ( ! s*ool4 ,"u 8 guidance & t ( ,katsukawa ,%un%o1 ! art ( col\r-pr9t+ 0 br\ght to p]fection4 ,!n foll[$ a p]iod :5 _m pr9ts ( preci\s quality 7 produc$4 ,! culm9ation 0 rea*$ dur+ ! sev5te5 hundr$ & eighties1 :5 ,torii ,kiyonaga turn$ out 8 m>vell\s s+le %eets1 dipty*s1 & tripty*s4 ,_m spl5did pr9ts 7 design$ 9 ! next decade4 ,x 0 !n t ,ei%i made 8 delightful tripty*s1 t ,%>aku /irr$ ! p ( ,y$o ) 8 wond]ful c>icature portraits ( popul> actors1 & t ,utam>o ga9$ wide fame by ! products ( 8 facile bru%4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 a p]iod ( decad5ce1 & by ! end ( ! c5tury a consid]able di/ance _h be5 travell$ ^u ! d[nw>d pa?4 ,! pr9ts made 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury 71 = ! mo/ "p1 co>se & gaudy1 ! *ief exceptions be+ ^? design$ by ,hokusai & ,hiro%ige4 ,^! m51 ?\gh class$ z ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool1 9 reality repres5t :at may m prop]ly be t]m$ ano!r 8movem5t0 gr[+ out (1 b di/9ct f1 ! ,ukiyo art t rea*$ its apogee "u ,kiyonaga4 ,:ile ! pres5t exhibition includes specim5s ( mo/ ( ! diff]5t k9ds ( pr9ts--"s ( !m1 m especially ! e>li] ones1 ( extreme r>ity--hi/orical complet5ess has n be5 attempt$4 ,! aim has be5 r to %[ su* pr9ts ( exceptional quality & beauty z are available 9 ,new ,york4 ,,fr$]ick ,w4 ,,gook9 ,,catalogue ,,hi%ikawa ,,moronobu ,moronobu1 :o 0 born probably 9 #afbe & di$ 9 #afie1 0 ! fir/ important ,japanese arti/ to design pr9ts4 ,z a pa9t] he is highly r5[n$4 ,he illu/rat$ _m books & made a consid]able numb] ( s+le-%eet pr9ts1 :i* 7 all ei!r 9 pla9 black or col\r$ by h&4 ,8 works are n[ v r>e47#f7 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #a ,l>ge sumi-y 7ink pr9t74 ,matsukaze-,murasame2 a nobleman & two ladies at ! sea%ore wat*+ two wom5 dipp+ salt wat] 9 buckets4 #b ,sumi-y4 ,a man & a woman seat$ on ! floor ( a room4 #c ,sumi-y4 ,woman read+ f a book to a man recl9+ on ! floor by h] side4 ,ne> !m a maid-s]vant & ut5sils conta9+ refre%m5ts4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #d ,sumi-y4 ,sc5e 9 ! ,yo%iw>a4 ,,torii ,,kiyonobu ,f\nd] ( ! ,torii l9e & "o ( ! lead+ arti/s ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool4 ,inv5tor ( ! tan-y1 or pr9ts col\r$ by h& ) r$ lead 7,japanese tan74 ,he 0 born 9 #affd & di$ on ,augu/ #bb1 #agbi4 ,8 /yle ( draw+ 0 *>act]iz$ by great boldness & vig\r4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #e ,l>ge tan-y4 ,! actor ,dekijima ,hanya z a woman seat$ ^u a sakura tree 9 bloom4 #f ,small tan-y4 ,! actor ,iku%ima ,daiki*i z a woman hold+ two small dogs4 #g ,small tan-y4 ,! actor ,kamimura ,ki*isaburo z a danc+-girl4 #h ,l>ge h&-col\r$ pr9t4 ,! actor ,iku%ima ,daiki*i z an oiran on p>ade1 foll[$ by ,otani ,hiroji z a s]vant hold+ an umbrella ov] h]4 #i ,tall h&-col\r$ pr9t4 ,! actor ,b&o ,hikosaburo4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #aj ,uru%i-y4 ,i*ikawa ,monnosuke z a /roll+ play] c>ry+ a monkey on 8 back4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #aa ,uru%i-y4 ,! elopem5t ( ,yaoya ,hanbei & ,o-,*iya4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #ab ,uru%i-y4 ,a danc+-girl4 ,,torii ,,kiyomasu ,elde/ son ( ,kiyonobu1 :om he succe$$ z ! head ( ! ,torii l9e4 ,8 "w closely resembles t ( 8 fa!r4 ,he 0 born ab\t #afhe & di$ on ,janu>y #b1 #agfd4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 ,,kiyonaga4 ,holiday ,gr\p at ,got5yama4 ,,kiyonaga4 ,holiday ,gr\p at ,got5yama4 #ac ,l>ge sumi-y4 ,an actors' boat+ p>ty on ! ,sumidagawa4 #ad ,l>ge tan-y4 ,! actors ,yo%izawa ,ayame & ,kanto ,koroku4 #ae ,l>ge tan-y4 ,! actors ,kanto ,koroku & ,iku%ima ,daiki*i4 #af ,l>ge b5i-y4 ,i*ikawa ,danjuro z an enrag$ w>rior4 #ag ,b5i-y4 ,onoe ,kikugoro 9 a female rle4 #ah ,b5i-y4 ,sc5e f a drama4 ,! actors ,tomazawa ,saijiro 7on horseback71 ,otani ,hiroji1 & ,segawa ,kikunojo4 ,! b5i has turn$ to a l[-ton$ yell[4 #ai ,uru%i-y4 ,sc5e f a drama4 ,otani ,oniji 7on horseback7 ?reat5+ ,sannogawa ,i*imatsu 9 ! rle ( a woman :o has seiz$ 8 bridle re94 #bj ,b5i-y4 ,sc5e f a drama4 ,sawamura ,sojuro z ,sasaki no ,saburo & ,nakamura ,tomijuro z ,mago no ,koroku4 ,,furuyama ,,moromasa ,pupil1 & p]haps ! son1 ( ,moronobu4 ,he devot$ himself *iefly to pa9t+1 b design$ a few pr9ts1 mo/ ( :i* are ukiy1 or p]spective pictures1 9 ! /yle ( ,okumura ,masanobu4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #ba ,l>ge h&-col\r$ ukiy1 or p]spective pr9t4 ,a game ( k5 9 a room 9 a nobleman's h\se4 ,,okumura ,,masanobu ,"o ( ! mo/ em95t ( ! ,ukiyo arti/s4 ,8 draw+s 7 greatly admir$ = _! r>e comb9ation ( =ce & ref9em5t1 & he ex]cis$ wide influ5ce ov] 8 contempor>ies & successors to ! end ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,he 0 ! fir/ arti/ to use blocks f :i* pr9ts 7 col\r$ 9 flat t9ts4 ,^! 7 pr9t$ 9 ! r$ kn[n z b5i1 gre51 & black1 & 7 kn[n z b5i-y4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ arti/ to make ! tall1 n>r[ pill> pr9ts 7ha-%ira-y71 & 0 ! inv5tor ( ! p]spective pr9ts :i* he call$ ukiy4 ,8 true "n 0 ,okumura ,g5pa*i1 & he 0 commonly kn[n z honya 7booksell]7 ,g5pa*i1 f ! fact t he 0 ! proprietor ( a :olesale & retail book & pr9t %op at ! sign ( ! 8r$ g\rd0 9 ,tori-%io *o1 ,y$o4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #bb ,l>ge sumi-y4 ,woman seat$ by a writ+-table1 read+ a book4 #bc ,uru%i-y4 ,b&o ,hikosaburo z a w>rior resi/+ ! op5+ ( a ca/le door4 #bd ,tall b5i-y4 ,a gei%a play+ ^u a samis54 #be ,l>ge sumi-y4 ,a woman ) a pet cat wat*+ a man dip wat] f a *ozuba*i4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #bf ,l>ge b5i-y4 ,segawa ,kikunojo z an oiran light+ h] pipe at a hiba*i 9 ! h&s ( h] kamuro1 & ,sannogawa ,i*imatsu z a man hold+ an umbrella ov] h]4 #bg ,undivid$ b5i-y tripty*4 ,/reet sc5e4 ,a boy kneel+ to put on a woman's geta2 a man play+ ^u a %akuha*i2 & ano!r man c>ry+ an umbrella4 #bh ,undivid$ tripty*4 ,?ree wom5 c>ry+ umbrellas4 ,,okumura ,,to%9obu ,to%9obu1 ! son ( ,masanobu1 0 an arti/ ( decid$ tal5t :o di$ "y4 ,8 kn[n works1 :i* resemble ^? ( 8 fa!r1 are all uru%i-y1 & 7 design$ ab\t #agcj-agcf4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #bi ,i*imura ,uzaemon z a danc+-girl4 #cj ,woman dress+4 #ca ,sanjo ,k5t>o 9 a female rle4 ,,tsunekawa ,,%ig5obu ,an e>ly ,ukiyo arti/ ( :om little is kn[n4 ,8 pr9ts are extremely r>e4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #cb ,uru%i-y4 ,ara%i ,wakano 9 ! rle ( ,%ida no ,kot>o4 ,,ni%imura ,,%ig5aga ,son ( ,%ig5obu4 ,born 9 #afig & di$ 9 #agef4 ,an arti/ ( ability :o ex]cis$ m>k$ influ5ce ^u ! developm5t ( ! s*ool4 ,8 pr9ts are v unev5 9 quality4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #cc ,tall h&-col\r$ pr9t4 ,! actor ,sannogawa ,i*imatsu z a woman hold+ a fold$ lett]4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #cd ,uru%i-y4 ,segawa ,kikunojo z a woman hold+ a w>rior's helmet4 #ce ,b5i-y4 ,procession ( ! ,corean ambassadors4 ,,i%ikawa ,,toyonobu ,"o ( ! mo/ important ( ! ,ukiyo ma/]s4 ,born 9 #agaa1 di$ 9 #aghe4 ,pupil ( ,%ig5aga1 & probably ( ,masanobu ^: /yle he closely assimilat$4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #cf ,l>ge b5i-y4 ,! actors ,segawa ,kikunojo & ,sannogawa ,i*imatsu4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #cg ,wide pr9t f ?ree col\r-blocks4 ,wom5 & *ildr5 at ! sea%ore4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #ch ,tall h&-col\r$ pr9t4 ,segawa ,kikunojo z a woman read+ a lett]4 #ci ,two %eets f a b5i-y tripty*4 ,musume c>ry+ umbrellas4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #dj ,b5i-y4 ,"m & son4 #da ,pr9t f ?ree col\r-blocks4 ,boys roll+ a l>ge sn[ball4 #db ,pr9t f ?ree col\r-blocks4 ,man /ruggl+ ) a refractory umbrella2 a woman look+ on4 ,,torii ,,kiyohiro ,,kiyonaga4 ,picnic ,p>ty4 ,,kiyonaga4 ,picnic ,p>ty4 ,pupil ( ,kiyomasu4 ,8 kn[n works are exclusively b5i-y1 execut$ f ab\t #agde to ab\t #agee4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #dc ,b5i-y4 ,nakamura ,hatsugoro z ,sakura no ,suk4 ,,torii ,,%iro ,kn[n z ,kiyonobu ! second1 all ( 8 pr9ts be+ sign$ ,torii ,kiyonobu4 ,he 0 ! elde/ son ( ,kiyomasu4 ,work$ f ab\t #agdj to ab\t #agee1 :5 x is probable t 8 dea? occurr$4 ,"s ( ! mo/ *>m+ ( ! b5i-y pr9ts are f 8 h&4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #dd ,b5i-y4 ,yamamoto ,iwanojo z a woman danc+ by a fox-trap 9 a rice field "u a blossom+ *]ry tree4 ,,torii ,,kiyomitsu ,second son ( ,kiyomasu1 :om he succe$$ z ! head ( ! ,torii l9e4 ,an arti/ ( di/9ction4 ,0 ! fir/ to add a ?ird col\r-block to ! orig9al two4 ,he 0 born 9 #agce & di$ 9 #aghe4 ,aft] #agfe he design$ only a few pr9ts1 & appe>s to h design$ none lat] ?an ab\t #agfh4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #de ,wide pr9t f ?ree col\r-blocks4 ,! ,no p]=mance ( 8,musume ,djoji40 #df ,wide pr9t f ?ree col\r-blocks4 ,daimyo procession game by wom5 & *ildr54 #dg ,pr9t f ?ree col\r-blocks4 ,iwai ,han%iro z a woman read+ a lett] :ile seat$ ^u a c>abao4 #dh ,b5i-y4 ,sc5e f a drama4 ,i*imura ,kamezo 7/&+7 z ,wakemi ,goro & ,nakamura ,tomijuro z ,akoya4 ,,suzuki ,,h>unobu ,! c5tral figure 9 ,ukiyo & ! em95t ma/] "u ^: h& ! art ( col\r-pr9t+ 0 br\ght to p]fection 9 ! sixties ( ! eighte5? c5tury4 ,he 0 a draughtsman ( extreme elegance & p[]1 & 8 works h a *>m t is peculi>ly _! own4 ,he di$ on ,july #g1 #aggj1 :51 says ,%iba ,kokan 9 8 book 8,kokan ,kokai-ki10 he 8_h h>dly pass$ 8 =tie? ye>40 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samual ,,i%am4 #di ,girl att5dant 9 an ar*]y gall]y ga!r+ up arr[s4 ,"o %eet ( a dipty*4 #ej ,a "y woman %[+ a cag$ bird to a "y man seat$ be=e h]1 & surreptiti\sly tak+ a love lett] f him4 #ea ,a v5dor ( fan m\nts /opp+ to talk to a "y woman /&+ 9 front ( a %op4 #eb ,ha%ira-y4 ,woman writ+ a love lett]4 #ec ,ha%ira-y4 ,woman hold+ a pet dog4 #ed ,burlesque sc5e4 ,girls c>ry+ ,daikoku 7! g5ius ( weal?--"o ( ! 8,sev5 ,=tune-be+s074 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #ee ,girls c>ry+ ,daikoku4 ,a lat] impression ) diff]5t col\r+4 #ef ,an ar*] & two girls ne> a scre54 ,cal5d> = #agfe4 #eg ,"y woman be=e a torii1 c>ry+ a hamm] & nails ) :i* to p]=m an incantation4 #eh ,two "y wom5 on _! way to ! public ba?-h\se ?r\gh a /orm ( sn[ & ra94 #ei ,two girls on a t]race ne> a torii1 9 ! "t ( ! *]ry-blossom+4 #fj ,two girls ga!r+ mume fl[]s f a tree ov]hang+ a wall4 #fa ,woman read+ a lett] by ! light ( an &on 7portable lamp ) w9d scre57 :i* ano!r woman is trimm+4 #fb ,gei%a & a "y girl /&+ on ! bank ne> ! rapids ( ! ,tamagawa4 #fc ,"y woman seat$ 9 a w9d[1 conv]s+ ) ano!r "y woman seat$ on ! floor & hold+ a picture-book4 #fd ,"y man remov+ sn[ f ! geta ( a "y woman4 #fe ,woman ly+ ^u ! floor ( a room1 read+ a book1 & ano!r woman /&+ beside h]1 hold+ a pipe4 #ff ,"y woman seat$ on a v]&a aft] h] ba?1 hav+ h] back massag$ by h] maid4 #fg ,"y man talk+ to a girl ?r\gh ! b>s ( a w9d[4 #fh ,a burlesque app>ition ( ,fug54 ,in/ead ( ! ,buddhi/ div9ity1 a "y woman seat$ on an elephant appe>s on a cl\d be=e a prie/ kneel+ 9 pray]4 #fi ,lov]s walk+ 9 ! sn[ "u an umbrella4 ,"o ( ,h>unobu's mo/ di/+ui%$ pr9ts4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 #gj ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,fir/ /ate4 ,e>ly impression sign$ by ! pr9t]1 ,kyos54 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #ga ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,second /ate4 ,*anges made 9 ! blocks & col\r+4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #gb ,! ,sleep+ ,eld] ,si/]4 ,/ill lat] impression4 ,col\r+ *ang$ aga91 & ! numb] ( blocks increas$ f t5 to ?irte54 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #gc ,! ,hole 9 ! ,wall4 #gd ,"m hold+ h] infant son4 #ge ,at ! entrance gate4 #gf ,"m tak+ h] infant son f ano!r woman & h&+ h] a lett]4 #gg ,lov]s 9 a palace4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #gh ,musume walk+ up a flight ( /eps lead+ to a temple4 #gi ,lov]s play+ battl$ore & %uttlecock2 ! "y man climb+ a ladd] to dis5gage ! %uttlecock caught ^u ! bran* ( a mume tree4 #hj ,ha%ira-y4 ,woman 9 night attire /&+ by h] b$side read+ a lett]4 ,,%iba ,,kokan ,an arti/ :o is be/ kn[n z a clev] imitator ( 8 ma/]1 ,h>unobu1 ^: signature he =g$ ^u a numb] ( pr9ts4 ,he also us$ ! 8g10 or /udio "n1 ,h>u%ige 9 sign+ pr9ts 9 ! ,h>unobu mann]4 ,9 lat] ye>s he pa9t$ pictures 9 semi-,european /yle1 & made copp]-plate engrav+s :i* 7 col\r$ by h&4 ,he 0 born 9 #agdg & di$ 9 #ahah4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #ha ,! c\rty>d ( a h\se 9 ! ,yo%iw>a4 ,a woman read+ a lett] & a girl att5dant /&+ beside h] hold+ a tray4 ,sign$ ,h>unobu4 ,,%o%ok5 ,?is is ! pseudonym ( an arti/ ( di/9ction ^: id5tity has n be5 det]m9$4 ,8 kn[n works are cal5d> pr9ts = #agfe4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #hb ,/\t lady cross+ a room 9 a palace support$ by two att5dants4 ,! use ( gold leaf is notable4 ,,kitao ,,%igemasa ,"o ( ! not$ arti/s ( ! s*ool4 ,0 fam\s = 8 skill z a calligraph]1 be+ reput$ to h no sup]ior 9 8 day 9 ei!r ( ! 8?ree capitals10 ,y$o1 ,kyoto1 or ,osaka4 ,8 pr9ts1 :i* are r>e1 are g5]ally ( mu* di/9ction4 ,he 0 born 9 #agdj1 & di$ 9 ! second mon? ( ,bunsei #c 7,febru>y or ,m>*1 #ahbj74 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #hc ,*ildr5's puppet %[4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 #hd ,b5i-y4 ,segawa ,kikunojo & ,i*imura ,uzaemon z ,izumo no ,okuni & ,nagoya ,sanza1 two komuso1 play+ ^u %aku-ha*i4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #he ,two gei%as4 ,,isoda ,,koryusai ,! mo/ important pupil ( ,h>unobu1 ^: /yle he foll[$ closely 9 8 e>ly works4 ,lat] he develop$ a mann] ( 8 own4 ,z a design] ( pill> pr9ts & ( pr9ts ( birds1 he 0 especially successful4 ,he 0 a samurai & associat$ ) samurai ( ! sup]ior class4 ,! director ( ! m9t 0 "o ( 8 mo/ intimate fri5ds & patrons4 ,ab\t #agha he gave up pr9t-design+1 devot$ himself to pa9t+1 & 0 giv5 ! honor>y title ( ,hokyo4 ,! dates ( 8 bir? & dea? are n kn[n4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #hf ,ha%ira-y4 ,musume leap+ f ! balcony ( ,kiyomidzu temple ) an umbrella z a p>a*ute4 #hg ,woman /&+ on ! engawa ( a h\se1 admir+ sn[-lad5 bamboo bran*es2 back ( h]1 a girl & a "y boy look+ ?r\gh a w9d[4 #hh ,a ,yo%iw>a beauty arrang+ fl[]s2 two girl att5dants look+ on4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #hi ,ha%ira-y4 ,musume c>ry+ h] infant bro!r4 #ij ,ha%ira-y4 ,"y woman pol+ a boat 9 a lily-pond4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 #ia ,a ,yo%iw>a beauty on p>ade1 att5d$ by a girl & a boy4 #ib ,ha%ira-y4 ,! bij9 ,juroj94 ,a "y woman is repres5t$ 9 place ( ! long-life be+ ^: attributes are a crane & a tortoise4 ,,katsukawa ,,%un%o ,a contempor>y ( ,h>unobu & "o ( ! greate/ ( ! ,ukiyo arti/s4 ,he 0 highly r5[n$ 9 8 day & _h _m pupils :o became fam\s4 ,mo/ ( 8 pr9ts 7 portraits ( actors 9 "*4 ,he 0 born 9 #agbf & di$ on ,janu>y #bb1 #agic4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 #ic ,segawa ,kikunojo z a woman hold+ a r$ fan4 #id ,two actors 9 "*4 ,! seat$ figure is ,danjuro1 ! lead+ 8/>0 ( ! ,y$o /age4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #ie ,actor 9 a female rle4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #if ,iwai ,han%iro z a woman /&+ & hold+ a fan beh9d h]4 #ig ,yama%ita ,k9saku 9 a female rle4 #ih ,actor ( ! ,i*ikawa l9e 9 ! rle ( ,%ib>aku at ! ,i*imura !atre4 #ii ,otani ,hiroji z an ,amazake v5dor4 #ajj ,ha%ira-y4 ,nobleman c>ry+ a c\rt lady on 8 back4 ,probably a p>ody ^u ! suicide ( ,ohan & ,*oyaemon4 #aja ,wide ha%ira-y4 ,! ,woman 9 ,r$4 ,,ippitsusai ,,bun*o ,an arti/ ( samurai rank :o1 = a few ye>s1 design$ actor pr9ts 9 ! mann] ( ,%un%o1 :i* h great di/9ction ( /yle & col\r4 ,he 0 celebrat$ also z a writ] ( comic odes4 ,he di$ on ,may #ah1 #agif4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 ,,bun*o4 ,actor z ,woman talk+ to ,m54 ,,bun*o4 ,actor z ,woman talk+ to ,m54 #ajb ,b&o ,hikosaburo z a woman ( ! ,yo%iw>a talk+ to a gr\p ( m5 ?r\gh ! mis4 #ajc ,nakamura ,tomijuro z ,josan no ,miya4 ,,kiyonaga4 ,man & two ,wom5 approa*+ ,temple4 ,,kiyonaga4 ,man & two ,wom5 approa*+ ,temple4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #ajd ,a ,yo%iw>a beauty accompani$ by h] kamuro 7girl att5dant7 be>+ a cage ( fireflies4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #aje ,i*ikawa ,korazo z a man c>ry+ an actor's dress+-case4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #ajf ,sc5e f a drama4 ,yama%ita ,k9saku z a woman hold+ a roll ( pap]1 conv]s+ ) ,i*ikawa ,komazo1 :o holds a lett] 9 8 h&4 ,,katsukawa ,,%unko ,pupil ( ,%un%o & g5]ally reg>d$ z 8 mo/ tal5t$ foll[]4 ,8 c>e] z a pr9t-design] 0 cut %ort by a /roke ( p>alysis :5 he 0 9 8 =ty-fif? or =ty-six? ye>1 b he liv$ = ab\t =ty ye>s !reaft] z a recluse at ,z5fukuji temple1 ,azabu1 ,y$o1 :]e he di$ 9 #ahbg4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #ajg ,iwai ,han%iro 9 a female rle4 #ajh ,! actor ,i*ikawa ,monnosuke4 #aji ,nakamura ,tomijuro z a tsuzumi play]4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #aaj ,ara%i ,tatsuzo z a woman fl[]-v5dor4 ,,katsukawa ,,%unyei ,pupil ( ,%un%o & an arti/ ( ability4 ,at fir/1 = a %ort "t1 he call$ himself ,%unjo4 ,he 0 born 9 #agfg1 & di$ on ,decemb] #ac1 #ahai4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 #aaa ,a bij94 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #aab ,i*ikawa ,monnosuke 9 a female rle4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #aac ,sc5e f ! t5? act ( 8,*u%+ura40 #aad ,i*ikawa ,komazo4 ,,utagawa ,,toyoh>u ,pupil ( ,toyonobu4 ,z a pa9t] 8 reputation is ju/ly high4 ,he did n design _m pr9ts4 ,he 0 born 9 #agce & di$ on ,m>* #c1 #ahad4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 #aad ,cock1 h5 & *ick5s4 ,,torii ,,kiyonaga ,ev]y?+ consid]$1 ! greate/ arti/ ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool & ! culm9at+ figure 9 its =w>d movem5t4 ,he 0 born 9 #agdb & di$ 9 #ahae4 ,8 f9e/ pr9ts 7 design$ betwe5 #aghj & #agij4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samuel ,,i%am4 #aaf ,! ,writ+-lesson4 #aag ,fair travell]s re/+ on a b5* by ! roadside4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 #aah ,two gei%as ent]ta9+ a "y man4 #aai ,c\rt ladies on ! engawa ( a palace4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #abj ,?ree girls go+ to ! ba?s at ! hot spr+s ne> ,miyano%ita4 #aba ,man & two wom5 masqu]ad+ 9 komuso attire4 #abb ,gr\p ( ?ree wom5 & a boy4 #abc ,two wom5 /&+ beside a seat$ gei%a :o is play+ on a samis54 #abd ,yo%iw>a beauty att5d$ by two wom5 7%9zo7 & two girls 7kamuro74 #abe ,two "y wom5 & a s]vant on ! balcony ( an inn4 #abf ,family gr\p on _! way to a temple = ! nam+ c]emony ( ! boy :o is c>ri$ on ! %\ld]s ( an att5dant4 #abg ,an actor & two wom5 exam9+ ut5sils = ! tea c]emony4 #abh ,wom5 & *ildr5 prom5ad+ 9 summ] co/ume4 #abi ,sc5e f a drama4 ,two actors play+ ! game ( 8g0 ) mume blossoms1 & a ?ird actor z a woman 9 ! rle ( an umpire /&+ betwe5 !m4 #acj ,two "y wom5 walk+ "u an umbrella & foll[$ by a s]vant4 #aca ,man 9 a black haori approa*+ a temple ?r\gh ! sn[1 accompani$ by two wom54 #acb ,dipty*4 ,gr\p ( wom5 "u a *]ry tree4 #acc ,dipty*4 ,holiday gr\p "u ! *]ry trees at ,got5yama4 ,"o ( a s]ies ( twelve dipty*s t are among ,kiyonaga's f9e/ works4 #acd ,boat+ p>ty "u ,ryogoku bridge4 ,two %eets ( a tripty*4 #ace ,tripty*4 ,! ,peony 7botan7 ,%[4 #acf ,tripty*4 ,wom5 l&+ f a pleasure boat4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #acg ,ha%ira-y4 ,woman 9 w9t] co/ume4 #ach ,tripty*4 ,a picnic p>ty "u ! *]ry trees4 #aci ,gr\p ( wom5 on ! bank ( ! ,sumida riv]4 #adj ,gr\p ( wom5 ne> a temple4 #ada ,?ree wom5 at a public ba?-h\se4 ,,katsukawa ,,%un*o ,pupil ( ,%un%o4 ,foll[$ ! /yle ( ,torii ,kiyonaga4 ,8 works closely resemble ^? ( ! ,torii ma/]1 b h less =ce4 ,work$ f ab\t #agge to ab\t #agie4 ,9 "s ( 8 lat] pr9ts he imitat$ ,ei%i's pr9ts 9 ! ,utam>o mann]4 ,! dates ( 8 bir? & dea? are n kn[n4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samual ,,i%am4 #adb ,"o %eet ( a tripty* %[+ a nobleman's mansion f ! g>d51 ) ! p engag$ 9 v>i\s occupations4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #adc ,wom5 wat*+ girls b\nc+ balls4 #add ,dipty*4 ,gr\p at ! entrance to a temple4 #ade ,?ree wom5 9 a temple comp\nd4 ,,%un*o4 ,wom5 wat*+ ,girls b\nc+ ,balls4 ,,%un*o4 ,wom5 wat*+ ,girls b\nc+ ,balls4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #adf ,gr\p ( girls at a tea boo? by ! sea%ore4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #adg ,a picnic p>ty4 ,two %eets ( a tripty*4 #adh ,wom5 pick+ wild fl[]s "u a *]ry tree 9 bloom4 ,,hosoda ,,ei%i ,"o ( ! =emo/ arti/s ( ! s*ool4 ,he 0 a samurai ( high rank1 & a pupil ( ,kano ,eis54 ,= ?ree ye>s be=e he took to ,ukiyo he held an (ficial po/ 9 ! h\sehold ( ! %ogun ,iyeh>u4 ,ei%i 0 a ma/] ( all ! res\rces ( ! art ( col\r-pr9t+ & 8 pr9ts are *>act]iz$ by great elegance & ref9em5t4 ,he work$ f ab\t #aghb to #ahjj1 :5 he gave up pr9t-design+4 ,he di$ 9 #ahbi4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samual ,,i%am4 #adi ,tripty*4 ,eight wom5 & a man play+ ! game ( 8,cat* ! fox40 #aej ,gr\p ( ,yo%iw>a wom5 & att5dants4 #aea ,someyama & h] kamuro play+ ) a pet dog4 #aeb ,yo%iw>a wom5 admir+ a bran* ( mume tree ) unop5$ fl[] buds4 #aec ,tripty*4 ,fte 9 a nobleman's palace4 ,ladies compos+ poems4 ,,ei%i4 ,fte 9 a nobleman's palace4 ,,ei%i4 ,fte 9 a nobleman's palace4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,mrs4 ,,william ,,b5jam9 ,,wood4 #aed ,ano!r copy ( ! =ego+ tripty*4 ,%[s h[ beautifully ! purple *anges by *emical decomposition4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #aee ,oiran & att5dants on p>ade4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #aef ,a ,yo%iw>a beauty4 ,ink pro( ( ! key block4 #aeg ,two wom5 ent]+ a room 9 ! palace ( ,pr9ce ,g5ji1 :]e a "y girl is seat$ play+ ) a kitt54 ,,yei%osai ,,*oki ,an arti/ ( ability1 ?\gh n q ( ! fir/ rank4 ,8 pr9ts are r>e4 ,he work$ at fir/ 9 ! /yle ( ,kiyonaga4 ,lat] he imitat$ ,utam>o1 & *ang$ 8 8g10 or /udio "n1 to ,momokawa ,%iko4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector4 #aeh ,woman & *ild cat*+ fireflies4 ,,to%usai ,,%>aku ,?is arti/ 0 by pr(ession a p]=m] ( ! /ately & ari/ocratic ,no dramas 9 ! s]vice ( ,ha*isuka1 ,daimyo ( ,awa4 ,dur+ ! p]iod f ab\t #agij to #agie he design$ a small numb] ( c>icature portraits ( actors1 :i* h great =ce & di/+ui%$ "*4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,yamanaka ,,company4 #aei ,! actor7#g7 ,tanimura ,torazo 9 ! rle ( ,kakogawa ,honzo4 #afj ,i*ikawa ,ebizo 9 ! rle ( ,ko no ,moronao4 ,?is pr9t be>s an inscription1 probably contempor>y1 giv+ ! date #agid4 #afa ,onoe ,matsusuke z "o ( ! ,loyal ,ron94 #afb ,r&o ,hikosaburo 9 ! rle ( ,yuranosuke4 #afc ,iwai ,han%iro 9 ! rle ( ,oi%i1 wife ( ,yuranosuke4 #afd ,i*ikawa ,monnosuke z "o ( ! ,loyal ,ron94 #afe ,morita ,kanya z "o ( ! ,loyal ,ron94 #aff ,segawa ,tom9ojo 9 ! rle ( ,kaoyo ,goz51 wife ( ,y5ya4 #afg ,sawamura ,sojuro 9 ! rle ( ,y5ya ,hanguwan4 #afh ,ara%i ,tatsuzo 9 ! rle ( ,yoi*ibei4 #afi ,sakata ,hangoro z ,t5-i*i-bo ,hotaku4 #agj ,segawa ,tom9ojo & ,nakamura ,manjuro 9 female rles4 #aga ,nakajima ,utaemon & ,nakamura ,konozo4 #agb ,i*ikawa ,omezo 9 ! rle ( ,suk]oku4 #agc ,matsumoto ,ko%iro 9 ! rle ( ! otokadat ,banzu9 ,*obei4 ,?is pr9t is commonly kn[n z 8,! man ) ! pipe40 #agd ,matsumoto ,yonesaburo 9 ! rle ( ,ok>u1 wife ( ,kampei4 #age ,i*ikawa ,yaozo 9 ! rle ( ,hayano ,kampei4 #agf ,kosagawa ,tsuneyo 9 ! rle ( ,tonas1 wife ( ,kakogawa ,honzo4 #agg ,otani ,oniji 9 ! rle ( ,sadakuro4 #agh ,sannogawa ,i*imatsu 9 a female rle4 #agh;a ,nakayama ,tomisaburo 9 ! rle ( ,komurasaki1 & ,i*ikawa ,komazo z h] lov]1 ,%irai ,gompa*i1 walk+ ) h] "u a huge umbrella4 ,,%>aku4 ,two ,actors4 ,,%>aku4 ,two ,actors4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$4 #agi ,segawa ,tom9ojo4 ,,kitagawa ,,utam>o ,"o ( ! mo/ gift$ & mo/ widely kn[n ( ! ,ukiyo ma/]s4 ,extraord9>ily facile & brilliant4 ,born 9 #agec & di$ 9 #ahjf4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,samual ,,i%am4 #ahj ,tripty*4 ,imag9ative view ( a fte 9 a ,*9ese palace4 ,x is a m$ley ( ,*9ese & ,japanese details int5d$ z a take-(f ^u ! treatm5t ( ,*9ese subjects by ! pa9t]s ( ! classic s*ools4 #aha ,! h\r ( ! ,bo> 7#i to #ab ,p4,m474 ,"o ( a set illu/rat+ ! twelve h\rs into :i* ! ,japanese day is divid$4 #ahb ,dipty*4 ,wom5 9 a nobleman's palace1 pa9t+ kakemono4 #ahc ,yo%iw>a beauties on p>ade4 #ahc;a ,a %eet f ! 8,wa%+ day0 tripty*4 #ahd ,woman help+ a man attire himself 9 c]emonial dress4 #ahe ,woman b5d+ ov] to see a baby :i* ano!r woman is nurs+ :ile seat$ be=e a mirror1 arrang+ h] hair4 #ahf ,woman talk+ to a fan-m\nt v5dor4 #ahg ,tripty*4 ,! p]simmon-ga!r]s4 #ahh ,tripty*4 ,procession ( a noble lady & wom5 att5dants on _! way to a temple1 be>+ (f]+s4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #ahi ,tripty*4 ,%ad[s on ! %oji4 ,illu/rations ( ?ree effects ( sake 7rice w9e74 #aij ,woman arrang+ fl[]s4 #aia ,! kit*54 ,"o %eet ( a dipty*4 #aib ,a night excursion4 ,"o ( ,utam>o's mo/ fam\s pr9ts4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #aic ,hairdress] comb+ a girl's hair4 #aid ,woman ) a "y boy on h] back1 wat*+ ?ree puppies at play4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #aie ,kitao ,masanobu drunk ) sake at a fte 9 a daimyo's palace4 ,"p ( a tripty*4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #aif ,woman we>+ a black zuk91 & a maid be>+ a lant]n4 #aig ,woman /&+ on a pi]1 hold+ an umbrella1 & conv]s+ ) a man seat$ "u ! canopy ( a boat4 #aih ,woman be>+ a teacup on a lacqu] /&4 #aii ,woman rais+ ! mosquito nett+ ov] h] b$ to read a lett] by ! light ( an &on4 #bjj ,?ree p]=m]s 9 a niwaka1 or burlesque !atrical procession1 9 ! /reets ( ! ,yo%iw>a4 #bja ,woman hold+ 9 h] m\? a 8pokan-pokan0--a musical toy ( ?9 glass :i* makes a peculi> s\nd :5 air is bl[n ?r\gh x4 #bjb ,tripty*4 ,boat+ p>ty4 #bjc ,tripty*4 ,! awab div]s ( ,is4 #bjd ,tripty*4 ,wom5 & *ildr5 on a bridge4 ,,utam>o4 ,woman ) a ,musical ,toy4 ,,utam>o4 ,woman ) a ,musical ,toy4 ,,utagawa ,,toyokuni ,a brilliant arti/ ( high repute 9 8 day4 ,"s ( 8 pr9ts1 especially ! e>li] ones1 are ( di/+ui%$ quality4 ,he 0 born 9 #agfi & di$ on ,febru>y #bd1 #ahbe4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #bje ,tripty*4 ,/reet sc5e 9 ! ,yo%iw>a4 #bjf ,l>ge head ( an actor4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #bjg ,! actor ,koraiya4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #bjh ,musume rais+ a l>ge umbrella4 #bji ,tripty*4 ,wom5 9 a public ba?-h\se4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,! ,,e/ate ,,( ,,francis ,,la?rop1 ,,deceas$ #baj ,tripty*4 ,! ,six ,tamagawa1 repres5t$ by six wom5 wa%+ /rips ( clo? 9 a rapid-fl[+ /ream4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #baa ,woman accompani$ by a maid c>ry+ a lant]n4 #bab ,tripty*4 ,lady em]g+ f a kago2 h] att5dants gr\p$ ab\t h]4 ,,toyokuni4 ,wom5 9 ,ba? ,h\se4 ,,toyokuni4 ,wom5 9 ,ba? ,h\se4 ,,katsu%ika ,,hokusai ,a ma/] ( extraord9>y v]satility & p[]4 ,p]haps ! mo/ widely kn[n ( all ! ,japanese arti/s4 ,he 0 born 9 #agfj & di$ 9 ! spr+ ( #ahdi4 #bac ,w9t] l&scape4 #bad ,cranes on a sn[-lad5 p9e tree4 #bae ,iris4 #baf ,turtles swimm+4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #bag ,fuji san se5 b5ea? a wave ( ! sea at ,kanazawa4 ,hokusai's fam\s 8wave40 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #bah ,view ( ,fuji f ,u%ibori2 a l>ge boat moor$ 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,,hokusai4 ,fuji f ,u%ibori4 ,,hokusai4 ,fuji f ,u%ibori4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #bai ,w9t] l&scape4 ,,&o ,,hiro%ige ,! la/ great arti/ ( ! ,ukiyo s*ool1 & a consummate ma/] ( l&scape art4 ,born 9 #agig & di$ on ,octob] #ab1 #aheh4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,hamilton ,,ea/] ,,field4 #bbj ,a cold morn+ at ,%ono1 on ! ,tokaido4 #bba ,view ( ,fuji san f ,goyo4 #bbb ,p9e trees on ! %ore at ,hamamatsu4 #bbc ,fly+ kites at ,fukuroi4 #bbd ,! 8fox fires0 at ,oji4 #bbe ,k9ryusan1 ,asakusa1 9 sn[4 #bbf ,! fields back ( ,asakusa se5 f a w9d[ ?r\gh :i* a :ite cat is look+ out4 #bbg ,travell]s 9 sn[ at ,i%iyaku%i4 ,,hiro%ige4 ,p9es at ,hammamatsu4 ,,hiro%ige4 ,p9es at ,hammamatsu4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,alb]t ,,gallat94 #bbh ,ev5+ ra9 at ,azuma%a4 ,,l5t ,,by ,a ,,collector #bbi ,autumn moon ov] ! riv] ,tama4 #bcj ,! ev5+ gl[ at ,setta4 #bca ,! cr[d 9 ,ni ,*o 7,second ,/reet7 at night4 ,at ! "r is ! ,i*imura !atre1 ^u :i* & ^u ! tea-h\se across ! way are tall signs adv]tis+ plays & actors4 #bcb ,a[i & bird4 #bcc ,pheasant & "y p9e trees ^u a /eep hillside4 #bcd ,raftsman on ! ,sumida riv] 9 a sn[ /orm4 ,,l5t ,,by ,,h[>d ,,mansfield4 #bce ,%[] at ,%ono4 #bcf ,gyotoku2 boats return+4