,,! ,,prophecies ,,( ,,j]emiah4 ,) a ,sket* ( ,8 ,life & ,times4 ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,c4 ,j4 ,,ball1 ,m4,a41 ,*apla9 ( ,l9coln's ,inn2 ,,contributor ,,to ,,bi%op ,,ellicott',s ,,comm5t>y1 ,,! ,,speak]',s ,,comm5t>y1 ,,etc4 ,new ,york3 ,a4 ,c4 ,,arm/rong ,,son1 #gad ,,broadway4 #ahij4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,prelim9>y ,,sket* ,,( ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,times ,,( ,,j]emiah #a ,i4 ,,! ,,call ,,& ,,consecration #eh ,,ii4 ,,! ,,tru/ ,,9 ,,! ,,%ad[ ,,( ,,egypt #gd ,,iii4 ,,israel ,,& ,,judah--,a ,,contra/ #aad ,,iv4 ,,! ,,scy?ians ,,z ,,! ,,sc\rge ,,( ,,god #acd ,v4 ,,popul> ,,& ,,true ,,religion #adi ,,vi4 ,,! ,,idols ,,( ,,! ,,hea!n ,,& ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,israel #bae ,,vii4 ,,! ,,brok5 ,,cov5ant #bdh ,,viii4 ,,! ,,fall ,,( ,,pride #bhj ,,ix4 ,,! ,,dr\ght ,,& ,,its ,,moral ,,implications #cjj ,x4 ,,! ,,sabba?--,a ,,w>n+ #cfd ,,xi4 ,,! ,,div9e ,,pott] #cgg ,,xii4 ,,! ,,brok5 ,,vessel--,a ,,symbol ,,( ,,judgm5t #cih ,,xiii4 ,,j]emiah ,,"u ,,p]secution #daa ,,prelim9>y ,,sket* ,,( ,,! ,,life ,,& ,,times ,,( ,,j]emiah4 ,a prie/ by bir?1 ,j]emiah became a prophet by ! special call ( ,god4 ,8 prie/ly orig9 implies a good lit]>y tra9+1 9 times :5 lit]ature 0 l>gely 9 ! h&s ( ! prie/s4 ,! prie/hood1 inde$1 con/itut$ a pr9cipal section ( ! ,israeliti% nobility1 z appe>s bo? f ! hi/ory ( ^? times1 & f ! ref]5ces 9 our prophet's writ+s1 :]e k+s & pr9ces & prie/s are (t5 nam$ toge!r z ! ari/ocracy ( ! l& 7i4 #ah1 ii4 #bf1 iv4 #i72 & ?is fact w\ld ensure = ! "y prophet a %>e 9 all ! be/ le>n+ ( 8 age4 ,! "n ( ,j]emiah1 l o!r prophetic prop] names1 seems to h special significance 9 connexion ) ! mo/ illu/ri\s ( ! p]sons record$ to h borne x4 ,x means ,iahvah f\nde?1 &1 z a prop] "n1 ,! ,man t ,iahvah f\nde?2 a designation :i* f9ds vivid illu/ration 9 ! words ( ,j]emiah's call3 ,be=e ,i m\ld$ !e 9 ! belly1 ,i knew !e2 & be=e ?\ came/ =? f ! womb1 ,i consecrat$ !e3 a spokesman to ! nations did ,i make !e 7i4 #e74 ,! n uncommon "n ( ,j]emiah--six o!r p]sons ( ! "n are numb]$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t--mu/ h appe>$ to ! prophet z inve/$ ) new =ce & mean+1 9 ! light ( ?is revelation4 ,ev5 be=e 8 bir? he _h be5 f\nd$#a & pr$e/9$ by ,god = ! "w ( 8 life4 ,! ,hilkiah nam$ z 8 fa!r 0 n ! high prie/ ( t "n1#b s fam\s 9 connexion ) ! re=mation ( k+ ,josiah4 ,int]e/+ z su* a relation%ip w\ld be if e/abli%$1 ! foll[+ facts seem decisive aga9/ x4 ,! prophet himself has omitt$ to m5tion x1 & no h9t ( x is to be f\nd else:]e4 ,! prie/ly family to :i* ,j]emiah belong$ 0 settl$ at ,ana?o? 7i4 #a1 xi4 #ba1 xxix4 #bg74 ,b ,ana?o? 9 ,b5jam9 7xxxvii4 #ab71 ! pres5t ,ant1 betwe5 two & ?ree miles ,,nne4 ( ,j]usalem1 belong$ to ! depos$ l9e ( ,i?am> 7#a ,*ron4 xxiv4 #c2 comp4 ) #a ,k+s ii4 #bf1 #ce74 ,aft] ?is x is ne$less to insi/ t ! prophet1 & presumably 8 fa!r1 resid$ at ,ana?o?1 :]eas ,j]usalem 0 ! usual resid5ce ( ! high prie/4 ,nor is ! id5tification ( ,j]emiah's family ) t ( ! rul+ high prie/ help$ by ! obs]vation t ! fa!r ( ! high prie/ 0 nam$ ,%allum 7#a ,*ron4 v4 #ci71 & t ! prophet _h an uncle ( ?is "n 7,j]4 xxxii4 #g74 ,! names ,hilkiah#c & ,%allum are too common to ju/ify any conclusions f su* data4 ,if ! prophet's fa!r 0 head ( "o ( ! tw5ty-f\r classes or guilds ( ! prie/s1 t might expla9 ! influ5ce :i* ,j]emiah c\ld ex]cise ) "s ( ! gr&ees ( ! c\rt4 ,b we are n told m ?an t ,j]emiah b5 ,hilkiah 0 a memb] ( ! prie/ly community settl$ at ,ana?o?4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a gratuit\s disp>agem5t ( "o ( ! greate/ names 9 ,israel's hi/ory1 to sugge/ t1 _h ,j]emiah belong$ to ! highe/ ranks ( 8 ca/e1 he w\ld n h be5 equal to ! self-r5unciation involv$ 9 ! assumption ( ! unhon\r$ & ?ankless (fice ( a prophet4#d ,su* a sugge/ion is c]ta9ly n w>rant$ by ! portraiture ( ! man z del9eat$ by himself1 ) all ! di/9ctive m>ks ( tru? & nature4 ,f ! mom5t t he became decisively conv9c$ ( 8 mission1 ,j]emiah's c>e] is m>k$ by /ruggles & vicissitudes ( ! mo/ pa9ful & p]il\s k9d2 8 p]sev]ance 9 8 allott$ pa? 0 met by an ev] increas+ h>dness on ! "p ( ! p2 opposition & ridicule became p]secution1 & ! mess5g] ( ,div9e tru? p]si/$ 9 proclaim+ 8 message at ! risk ( 8 own life4 ,t life may1 9 fact1 be call$ a prolong$ m>tyrdom2 &1 if we may judge ( ! unkn[n by ! kn[n1 ! tradition t ! prophet 0 /on$ to dea? by ! ,jewi% refugees 9 ,egypt is only too probable an acc\nt ( its f9al sc5e4 ,if ! natural %r9k+ ( a some:at fem99e "* is traceable 9 8 own report ( 8 conduct at p>ticul> junctures1 does n ! fact %$ an int5s] glory ^u ! man1 :o ov]came ?is in/9ctive timidity1 & p]si/$1 9 face ( ! mo/ appall+ dang]s1 9 ! pa? ( duty8 ,is n ! victory ( a con/itutionally timid & %r9k+ "* a nobl] moral triumph ?an t ( ! man :o nev] knew fe>--:o m>*es to ! conflict ) o!rs1 ) a light he>t1 simply because x is 8 nature to d s--because he has _h no exp]i5ce ( ! agony ( a previ\s conflict ) self8 ,x is easy to sit 9 "o's libr>y & criticize ! h]oes ( old2 b ! mod]n c5sures ( ,j]emiah betray at once a want ( hi/oric imag9ation1 & a defect ( sympa?y ) ! sublime =titude ( "o :o /ruggl$ on 9 a battle :i* he knew to be lo/4 ,9 a protract$ conte/ su* z t :i* ,j]emiah 0 call$ ^u to ma9ta91 :at wond] if c\rage sometimes flags1 & hopelessness utt]s its =sak5 cry8 ,! moods ( ! sa9ts are n always ! same2 !y v>y1 l ^? ( common m51 ) ! /ress ( ! h\r4 ,ev5 our ,savi\r c\ld cry f ! cross1 ,my ,god1 ,my ,god1 :y ha/ ,?\ =sak5 ,me8 ,x is n by pass+ expressions1 wrung f _! torn he>ts by ! agony ( ! h\r1 t m5 are to be judg$4 ,x is ! issue ( ! crisis t is all-important2 n ! cries ( pa91 :i* indicate its ov]:elm+ pressure4 ,x is sad1 says a well kn[n writ]1 ) ref]5ce to ! noble passage1 xxxi4 #ca-cd1 :i* he ju/ly *>act]izes z "o ( ^? :i* be/ des]ve to be call$ ! ,gospel be=e ,*ri/1 ,x is sad t ,j]emiah c\ld n always keep 8 _s "u ! calm+ influ5ce ( ^! high ?\ghts4 ,no book ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 except ! book ( ,job & ! ,psalms1 conta9s s mu* :i* is difficult to reconcile ) ! "* ( a self-d5y+ s]vant ( ,jehovah4 ,su* expressions z ^? 9 xi4 #bj1 xv4 #ae1 & especially xviii4 #ba-bc1 contra/ p[]fully ) ,luke xxiii4 #cd1 & %[ t ! typical "* ( ,j]emiah is n absolutely complete4 ,probably n4 ,! writ] 9 "q is hon\rably di/+ui%$ f a cr[d ( ,fr5* & ,g]man critics1 ^: atta9m5ts are n sup]ior to 8 own1 by 8 deep s5se ( ! ine/imable value to mank9d ( ^? beliefs :i* animat$ ! prophet1 & by ! s9c]ity ( 8 manife/ endeav\rs to judge fairly betwe5 ,j]emiah & 8 detractors4 ,he has already rem>k$ truly en\gh t ! baptism ( complicat$ suff]+1 :i* ! prophet 0 call$ ^u to pass ?r\gh 9 ! reign ( ,jehoiakim1 has made him1 9 a v high & true s5se1 a type ( ,"o great] ?an he4 ,x is impossible to avoid su* an impression1 if we /udy ! records ( 8 life ) any insight or sympa?y4 ,& ! impression ?us creat$ is deep5$1 :5 we turn to t prophetic page :i* may be call$ ! mo/ appeal+ 9 ! entire range ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,9 ! #ecrd ( ,isaiah ! m>tyrdom ( ,j]emiah becomes ! liv+ image ( t o!r m>tyrdom1 :i* 9 ! fulness ( "t 0 to r$eem ! _w4 ,aft] ?is1 to say t ! typical "* ( ,j]emiah is n absolutely complete1 is no m ?an ! ass]tion ( a truism2 = :at ,old ,te/am5t "*1 :at "* 9 ! annals ( collective humanity1 c be br\ght =w>d z a p]fect type ( ! ,*ri/1 ! ,man :om1 9 ,8 s9lessness & ,8 p[]1 unbiass$ human reason & consci5ce in/9ctively suspect to h be5 also ,god8 ,to deplore ! fact t ?is illu/ri\s prophet c\ld n always keep 8 _s "u ! calm+ influ5ce ( 8 highe/ ?\ghts1 is simply to deplore ! infirmity t besets all human nature1 to regret t natural imp]fection :i* cl+s to a f9ite & fall5 creature1 ev5 :5 end[$ ) ! mo/ spl5did gifts ( ! _s4 ,= ! re/1 a c]ta9 degree ( exagg]ation is noticeable 9 f\nd+ ^u ?ree brief passages ( s l>ge a "w z ! collect$ prophecies ( ,j]emiah ! s]i\s *>ge t no book ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 except ! book ( ,job & ! ,psalms1 conta9s s mu* :i* is difficult to reconcile ) ! "* ( a self-d5y+ s]vant ( ,jehovah4 ,! *>ge appe>s to me bo? ill-gr\nd$ & mislead+4 ,b ,i res]ve ! fur!r consid]ation ( ^! obnoxi\s passages = ! "t :5 ,i come to discuss _! context1 z ,i wi% n[ to complete my sket* ( ! prophet's life4 ,he has himself record$ ! date ( 8 call to ! prophetic (fice4 ,x 0 9 ! ?irte5? ye> ( ! good k+ ,josiah1 t ! "y#e prie/ 0 summon$ to a high] vocation by an inw>d ,voice ^: urg5cy he c\ld n resi/4#f ,! ye> has be5 v>i\sly id5tifi$ ) #fbi1 #fbg1 & #fbf ,b4,c4 ,! place has be5 suppos$ to h be5 ,j]usalem1 ! capital1 :i* 0 s ne> ! prophet's home1 & :i*1 z ,hitzig obs]ves1 (f]$ ! ample/ scope & numb]less occasions = ! ex]cise ( prophetic activity4 ,b !re appe>s no good reason :y ,j]emiah %\ld n h become kn[n locally z "o :om ,god _h specially *os51 be=e he ab&on$ 8 native place = ! wid] sph]e ( ! capital4 ,?is1 9 tru?1 seems to be ! likeli] supposition1 consid]+ t 8 reluctance to take ! fir/ decisive /ep 9 8 c>e] excus$ itself on ! gr\nd ( y\?ful inexp]i5ce3 ,alas1 my ,"l ,iahvah6 behold1 ,i "k n 7h[7 to speak2 = ,i am b a y\?4#g ,! ,hebrew t]m may imply t he 0 ab\t eighte5 or tw5ty3 an age :5 x is h>dly probable t he w\ld p]man5tly leave 8 fa!r's h\se4 ,moreov]1 he has m5tion$ a conspiracy ( 8 fell[-t[nsm5 aga9/ himself1 9 t]ms :i* h be5 tak5 to imply t he _h ex]cis$ 8 m9i/ry among !m1 be=e 8 removal to ,j]usalem4 ,9 *ap4 xi4 #ba1 we read3 ,!re=e ?us said ,iahvah ,sabao? ^u ! m5 ( ,ana?o? t 7 seek+ ?y life1 say+1 ,prophesy n 9 ! "n ( ,iahvah1 t ?\ die n by our h&6 ,!re=e ?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?3 ,behold ,i am ab\t to visit x ^u !m3 ! "y m5 %all die by ! sword2 _! sons & _! daught]s %all die by ! fam9e4 ,& a remnant !y %all h none2 = ,i w br+ evil unto ! m5 ( ,ana?o?1 797 ! ye> ( _! visitation4 ,x is natural to see 9 ?is wick$ plot aga9/ 8 life ! reason = ! prophet's dep>ture f 8 native place 7b cf4 p4 #bfe74 ,we are rem9d$ ( ! viol5ce done to our ,"l by ! m5 ( ,8 own c\ntry 7 71 & ( ,8 f9al &1 z x w\ld seem1 compulsory dep>ture f ,naz>e? to ,cap]naum 7,/4 ,luke iv4 #af-bi2 ,/4 ,matt4 iv4 #ac74 ,9 ?is1 z 9 o!r respects1 ,j]emiah 0 a true type ( ! ,messias4 ,! prophetic disc\rses1 ) :i* ! book ( ,j]emiah op5s 7ii4 #a-;iv4 #b71 h a g5]al application to all ,israel1 z is evid5t n only f ! ideas express$ 9 !m1 b also f ! explicit address1 ii4 #d3 ,he> ye ! ^w ( ,iahvah1 ,o h\se ( ,jacob1 & all ! clans ( ! h\se ( ,israel6 ,x is cle> en\gh1 t al?\gh ,j]emiah belongs to ! s\!rn k+dom1 8 reflexions "h conc]n ! nor!rn tribes z well1 :o mu/ be includ$ 9 ! compreh5sive phrases h\se ( ,jacob1 & all ! clans ( ! h\se ( ,israel4 ,! fact is acc\nt$ = by ! circum/ance t ^! two disc\rses are summ>ies ( ! prophet's tea*+ on _m di/9ct occasions1 & z su* might h be5 compos$ any:]e4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 h[ev]1 t ! pr9cipal cont5ts ( 8 book h _! sc5e 9 ,j]usalem4 ,9 *ap4 ii4 #a1 #b1 inde$1 we h :at looks l ! prophet's introduction to ! sc5e ( 8 future activity4 ,& !re fell a ^w ( ,iahvah unto me1 say+1 ,g & cry 9 ! e>s ( ,j]usalem4 ,b ! words are n f\nd 9 ! ,,lxx41 :i* beg9s *ap4 ii4 ?us3 ,& he said1 ,^! ?+s sai? ! ,"l1 ,i rememb]$ ! lov+k9dness 77 ( ?y y\?1 & ! love ( ?9e esp\sals 774 ,b :e!r ^! words ( ! receiv$ ,hebrew text be g5u9e or n1 x is pla9 t if1 z ! t]ms ( ! prophet's commission affirm1 he 0 to be an embattl$ city1 & a pill> ( iron1 & walls ( bronze 444 to ! k+s ( ,judah1 to h] pr9ces1 to h] prie/s1 z well z to ! c\ntry folk 7i4 #ah71 ,j]usalem1 ! resid5ce ( k+s & pr9ces & *ief prie/s1 & ! c5tre ( ! l&1 w\ld be ! natural sph]e ( 8 op]ations4 ,! same ?+ is impli$ 9 ! ,div9e /atem5t3 ,a nab' to ! nations h ,i made !e 7i4 #e74 ,! prophet ( ,judea c\ld only rea* ! gym--! surr\nd+ =eign peoples--?r\gh ! gov]nm5t ( 8 own c\ntry1 & ?r\gh 8 influ5ce ^u ,judean policy4 ,! leav+ ( 8 native place1 soon] or lat]1 seems to be involv$ 9 ! words 7i4 #g1 #h73 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,say n1 ,i am a y\?3 = ^u :atsoev] 7j\rney7 ,i s5d !e1 ?\ %alt g 7,g54 xxiv4 #db72 & ) :omsoev] ,i *>ge !e1 ?\ %alt speak 7,g54 xxiii4 #h74 ,be n afraid ( !m6 ,! ,hebrew is to "s ext5t ambigu\s4 ,we might also r5d]3 ,unto :omsoev] ,i s5d !e1 ?\ %alt g2 & :atsoev] ,i *>ge !e1 ?\ %alt speak4 ,b ! diff]5ce w n affect my po9t1 :i* is t ! words seem to imply ! cont+5cy ( ,j]emiah's leav+ ,ana?o?4 ,& ?is implication is c]ta9ly /r5g!n$ by ! twice-giv5 w>n+3 ,be n afraid ( !m6 7i4 #h71 ,be n dismay$ at !m1 le/ ,i dismay !e 7inde$7 be=e !m6 7#ag74 ,! "y prophet might dread ! effect ( an unpopul> message ^u 8 bre?r5 & 8 fa!r's h\se4 ,b 8 fe> w\ld rea* a f> high] pit* ( int5sity1 if he 7 call$ ^u to confront ) ! same message ( unwelcome tru? ! k+ 9 8 palace1 or ! high prie/ 9 ! c\rts ( ! sanctu>y1 or ! fanatical & easily excit$ populace ( ! capital4 ,accord+ly1 :5 aft] 8 g5]al prologue or exordium1 ! prophet plunges at once into ! agitat$ life ( ! pres5t1#h x is to ! m5 ( ,judah & ,j]usalem 7iv4 #c71 to ! great m5 7v4 #e71 & to ! ?rong ( wor%ipp]s 9 ! temple 7vii4 #b71 t he addresses 8 burn+ words4 ,:51 h[ev] 7v4 #d71 he exclaims3 ,& = me1 ,i said1 ,!y are b poor folk2 !y d fooli%ly 7,num4 xii4 #aa71 = !y "k n ! way ( ,iahvah1 ! rule 7i4e41 religion7 ( _! ,god 7,isa4 xlii4 #a73 ,i w get me unto ! great m51 & w speak ) !m2 = !y "k ! way ( ,iahvah1 ! rule ( _! ,god3 he aga9 seems to sugge/ a prior m9i/ry1 ( h[ev] brief duration1 ^u ! small] /age ( ,ana?o?4 ,at all ev5ts1 !re is no?+ aga9/ ! conjecture t ! prophet may h pass$ to & fro betwe5 8 bir?place & ,j]usalem1 mak+ occasional soj\rn 9 ! capital1 until at la/ ! ma*9ations ( 8 neighb\rs 7xi4 #ai sqq471 & z appe>s f xii4 #f1 8 own k9sm51 drove him to quit ,ana?o? = ev]4 ,if ,hitzig be "r 9 ref]r+ ,psalms xxiii41 xxvi4-xxviii4 to ! prophet's p51 we may f9d 9 !m evid5ce ( ! fact t ! temple became 8 fav\rite haunt1 & inde$ 8 usual abode4 ,z a prie/ by bir?1 he w\ld h a claim to live 9 "s "o ( ! cells t surr\nd$ ! temple on ?ree sides ( x4 ,! #bcrd ,psalm1 ?\gh writt5 at a lat] p]iod 9 ! prophet's c>e]--,i %all ref] to x aga9 by-&-by--closes ) ! words1 ,& ,i w return unto 7,ps4 vii4 #ag2 ,hos4 xii4 #g7 ! h\se ( ,iahvah z long z ,i live1 or p]haps1 ,& ,i w return 7& dwell7 9 etc41 z ?\gh ! temple 7 at once 8 sanctu>y & 8 home4 ,9 l mann]1 ,ps4 xxvi4 speaks ( "o :o wa%$ 8 h&s1 9 innoc5cy 7i4e4 9 a /ate ( innoc5cy2 ! symbolical action correspond+ to ! real /ate ( 8 he>t & consci5ce71 & s compass$ ! alt> ( ,iahvah2 to proclaim ) ! s\nd ( a psalm ( ?anksgiv+1 & to rehe>se all ,8 wondr\s works4 ,! language "h seems ev5 to imply 7,ex4 ,,xxx4 #ai-ba71 t ! prophet took "p1 z a prie/1 9 ! ritual ( ! alt>4 ,he cont9ues3 ,iahvah1 ,i love ! abode ( ?9e h\se1 ,& ! place ( ! dwell+ ( ,?y glory6 & concludes1 ,my foot1 x /&e? on a pla92 ,9 ! congregations ,i bless ,iahvah1 speak+ z "o cont9ually pres5t at ! temple s]vices4 ,8 pray]s ,judge me1 i4e41 ,d me ju/ice1 ,iahvah6 & ,take n away my s\l among s9n]s1 ,nor my life among m5 ( blood%$6 may po9t ei!r to ! conspiracies ( ! ,ana?o?ites1 or to subsequ5t p]secutions at ,j]usalem4 ,! =m] seem to be int5d$ bo? "h1 & 9 ,ps4 xxvii41 :i* is c]ta9ly mo/ appropriate z an ,ode ( ,?anksgiv+ = ! prophet's escape f ! murd]\s attempts ( ! m5 ( ,ana?o?4 ,no?+ c\ld be m apposite ?an ! allusions to evil-do]s draw+ ne> aga9/ him to eat up 8 fle% 7i4e41 accord+ to ! common ,aramaic metaphor1 to sl&] him1 & de/roy him ) false accusations72 to ! ly+ witnesses1 & ! man 7or m57 brea?+ out 7or pant+ aft]7 viol5ce 7v]4 #ab72 & to hav+ be5 =sak5 ev5 by 8 fa!r & "m 7v]4 #aj74 ,) ! =m]1 we may comp>e ! prophet's words1 *ap4 ix4 #b sqq41 ,o t ,i 7 9 ! wild]ness1 9 a lodge ( wayf>+ m52 t ,i might =sake my p1 & dep>t f among !m6 ,= all ( !m are adult]\s1 an assembly ( traitors4 ,& !y h b5t _! tongue1 7z x 77 _! b[ = ly+2 & x is n by s9c]ity t !y h gr[n /rong 9 ! l&4 ,bew>e ye1 e "o ( 8 fri5d1 & h no confid5ce 9 any bro!r3 = e bro!r w assur$ly supplant 7 a ref]5ce to ,jacob & ,esau71 & e fri5d w gad ab\t = sl&]4 ,& ea* w deceive 8 fri5d1 & ! tru? !y w n speak3 !y h taught _! tongue to speak lies2 ) p]v]s5ess !y h we>i$ !mselves4 ,?y dwell+ is 9 ! mid/ ( deceit4444 ,a murd]\s arr[ is _! tongue2 deceit ha? x spok52 ) 8 m\? "o speake? peace ) 8 neighb\r1 & inw>dly he laye? an ambu% = him4 ,su* language1 :e!r 9 ! psalm or 9 ! prophetic oration1 c\ld only be ! fruit ( bitt] p]sonal exp]i5ce4 7,cf4 also xi4 #ai sqq41 xx4 #b sqq41 xxvi4 #h1 xxxvi4 #bf1 xxxvii4 #ae1 xxxviii4 #f74 ,! allusion ( ! psalmi/ to be+ =sak5 by fa!r & "m 7,ps4 xxvii4 #aj7 may be illu/rat$ by ! prophet's words1 *ap4 xii4 #f4 ,j]emiah came prom95tly =w>d at a s]i\s crisis 9 ! hi/ory ( 8 p4 ,! ,scy?ian invasion ( ,asia1 describ$ by ,h]odotus 7i4 #ajc-ajf71 b n m5tion$ 9 ! biblical hi/ories ( ! "t1 0 ?reat5+ ,pale/9e & ,judea4 ,accord+ to ! old ,greek writ]1 ,cyax>es ! ,m$e1 :ile engag$ 9 besieg+ ,n9eveh1 0 attack$ by a great horde ( ,scy?ians1 "u _! k+ ,madyes1 :o _h ent]$ ,asia 9 pu%+ _! pursuit ( ! ,cimm]ians1 :om !y _h expell$ f ,europe4#i ,! ,m$es lo/ ! battle1 & ! b>b>\s victors f\nd !mselves ma/]s ( ,asia4 ,!reupon !y m>*$ = ,egypt1 & _h made _! way pa/ ,ascalon1 :5 !y 7 met by ! envoys ( ,psammiti*us ,i4 ! k+ ( ,egypt1 ^: gifts & pray]s1 induc$ !m to return4 ,on ! way back1 "s few ( !m lagg$ beh9d ! ma9 body1 & plund]$ ! fam\s temple ( ,at]gatis-,d]ceto1 or z ,h]odotus calls ! great ,syrian goddess1 ,ourania ,afrodite1 at ,ascalon 7! goddess av5g$ h]self by smit+ !m & _! desc5dants ) impot5ce-- 1 cf4 #a ,sam4 v4 #f sqq474 ,= eight & tw5ty ye>s ! ,scy?ians rema9$ ! tyrants ( ,asia1 & by _! exactions & plund]+ raids br\ght ru9 ev]y:]e1 until at la/ ,cyax>es & 8 ,m$es1 by help ( trea*]y1 recov]$ _! =m] sway4 ,aft] ?is1 ! ,m$es took ,n9eveh1 & r$uc$ ! ,assyrians to complete subjection2 b ,babylonia rema9$ indep5d5t4 ,su* is ! /ory z relat$ by ,h]odotus1 our sole au?ority 9 ! matt]4 ,x has be5 suppos$#aj t ! #ei? ,psalm 0 writt5 by k+ ,josiah1 :ile ! ,scy?ians 7 ?reat5+ ,j]usalem4 ,_! wild hordes1 rav5\s = plund]1 l ! ,gauls :o at a lat] "t /ruck ,rome ) panic1 are at any rate well describ$ 9 ! v]se ,!y return at ev5tide1 ,!y h[l l ! dogs1 ! fami%$ p>iah dogs ( an ea/]n t[n-- ,& surr\nd ! city4 ,b ! ,old ,te/am5t furni%es o!r indications ( ! t]ror :i* prec$$ ! ,scy?ian invasion1 & ( ! m]ciless havoc :i* accompani$ x4 ,! %ort prophecy ( ,zephaniah1 :o prophesi$ 9 ! days ( ,josiah b5 ,amon k+ ( ,judah1 & 0 !re=e a contempor>y ( ,j]emiah1 is be/ expla9$ by ref]5ce to ?is crisis 9 ! affairs ( ,we/]n ,asia4 ,zephaniah's v fir/ ^w is a />tl+ m5ace4 ,i w utt]ly away ) ev]y?+ f (f ! face ( ! gr\nd1 sai? ,iahvah4 ,i w away ) man & bea/1 ,i w away ) ! birds ( ! air1 & ! fi%es ( ! sea1 & ! /umbl+blocks along ) ! wick$ 7i4e4 ! idols ) _! wor%ipp]s72 & ,i w ext]m9ate man f (f ! face ( ! gr\nd1 sai? ,iahvah4 ,! imm95ce ( a sweep+ de/ruction is ann\nc$4 ,ru9 is to ov]take e exi/+ ?+2 n only ! besott$ p & _! dumb idols1 b bea/s & birds & ev5 ! fi% ( ! sea are to p]i% 9 ! univ]sal cata/rophe4 ,x is exactly :at might be expect$ f ! sudd5 appe>ance ( a horde ( b>b>ians ( unkn[n numb]s1 sweep+ ov] a civilis$ c\ntry f nor? to s\?1 l "s deva/at+ flood2 slay+ :atev] cross$ _! pa?1 burn+ t[ns & temples1 & dev\r+ ! flocks & h]ds4 ,! ref]5ce to ! fi%es ( ! sea is expla9$ by ! fact t ! ,scy?ians m>*$ s\?w>d by ! road :i* ran along ! coa/ ?r\gh ,phili/ia4 ,gaza1 cries ! prophet1 %all be =sak51--!re is an inimitable p>onomasia 9 8 words#aa--;,& ,ascalon a desolation3 z = ,a%dod1 at noonday !y %all drive h] into exile2 & ,ekron %all be root$ up4 ,alas = ! dwell]s by ! %ore l9e1 ! race ( ! ,*]e?ites6 ,! ^w ( ,iahvah is aga9/ y1 ,o ,canaan1 l& ( ! ,phili/9es6 ,& ,i w de/roy !e1 t !re %all be no inhabitant4 ,x is true t ,h]odotus relates t ! ,scy?ians1 9 _! retreat1 = ! mo/ "p m>*$ pa/ ,ascalon )\t do+ any h>m1 & t ! plund] ( ! temple 0 ! "w ( a few /raggl]s4 ,b nei!r is ?is v probable 9 itself1 nor does x h>monize ) :at he tells u aft]w>ds ab\t ! plund] & rap9e t m>k$ ! p]iod ( ,scy?ian dom9ation4 ,we ne$ n suppose t ! in=mation ( ! old hi/orian z to ! do+s ( ^! b>b>ians 0 z exact z t ( a mod]n /ate pap]4 ,nor1 on ! o!r h&1 w\ld x be v judici\s to press e detail 9 a highly wr\ght prophetic disc\rse1 :i* vividly sets =? ! fe>s ( ! "t1 & gives imag9ative =m to ! feel+s & anticipations ( ! h\r2 z if x 7 int5d$ by ! writ]1 n = ! moral & spiritual good ( 8 contempor>ies1 b to furni% po/]ity ) a m9utely accurate record ( ! actual c\rse ( ev5ts 9 ! di/ant pa/4 ,! public dang]1 :i* /imulat$ ! reflexion & l5t =ce to ! invective ( ! less] prophet1 int5sifi$ ! impression produc$ by ! e>li] prea*+ ( ,j]emiah4 ,! tide ( invasion1 inde$1 roll$ pa/ ,judea1 )\t work+ mu* p]man5t h>m to ! little k+dom1 ) ^: de/9ies 7 involv$ ! highe/ int]e/s ( mank9d at l>ge4 ,b ?is respite f de/ruction w\ld be und]/ood by ! prophet's he>]s z pro( ( ! rel5t+s ( ,iahvah t[>ds ,8 p5it5t p2 & may1 = ! "t at lea/1 h confirm$ ! impression wr\ght ^u ! popul> m9d by ,j]emiah's passionate c5sures & entreaties4 ,! "t 0 o!rwise fav\rable2 = ! ye> ( 8 call 0 ! ye> imm$iately subsequ5t to t 9 :i* ! "y k+ ,josiah began to purify ,judah & ,j]usalem f ! high places & ! ,a%]im1 & ! c>v5 images & ! molt5 images1 :i* he did 9 ! twelf? ye> ( 8 reign1 i4e4 9 ! tw5tie? ye> ( 8 age1 accord+ to ! te/imony ( ! ,*ronicl] 7#b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #c71 :i* !re is no good reason = disall[+4 ,j]emiah 0 probably ab\t ! same age z ! k+1 z he calls himself a m]e y\? 7naar74 ,aft] ! ,scy?ians _h retir$--if we are "r 9 fix+ _! invasion s e>ly 9 ! reign--! (ficial re=mation ( public wor%ip 0 tak5 up aga91 & complet$ by ! eighte5? ye> ( ,josiah1 :5 ! prophet might be ab\t tw5ty-five4 ,! f9d+ ( :at is call$ ! book ( ! ,law1 & ! book ( ! ,cov5ant1#ab by ,hilkiah ! high prie/1 :ile ! temple 0 be+ re/or$ by ! k+'s ord]1 is repres5t$ by ! hi/ories z hav+ det]m9$ ! fur!r c\rse ( ! royal re=ms4 ,:at ?is book ( ! ,law 01 x is n necess>y n[ to discuss4 ,x is cle> f ! language ( ! book ( ,k+s1 & f ! ref]5ces ( ,j]emiah1 t ! sub/ance ( x1 at any rate1 closely correspond$ ) portions ( ,deut]onomy4 ,x appe>s f 8 own words 7*ap4 xi4 #a-h7 t at fir/1 at all ev5ts1 ,j]emiah 0 an e>ne/ prea*] ( ! positive precepts ( ?is book ( ! ,cov5ant4 ,x is true t 8 "n does n occur 9 ! n>rative ( ,josiah's re=mation1 z relat$ 9 ,k+s4 ,!re ! k+ & 8 c\nsellors inquire ( ,iahvah ?r\gh ! prophetess ,huldah 7#b ,k+s xxii4 #ad74 ,suppos+ ! acc\nt to be bo? complete & correct1 ?is only %[s t five ye>s aft] 8 call1 ,j]emiah 0 /ill unkn[n or little consid]$ at c\rt4 ,b he 0 d\btless includ$ among ! prophets1 :o1 ) ! k+ & all ! m5 ( ,judah & all ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 & ! prie/s 444 & all ! p1 bo? small & great1 aft] ! words ( ! newf\nd book ( ! ,cov5ant _h be5 read 9 _! e>s1 b\nd !mselves by a solemn league & cov5ant1 to walk aft] ,iahweh1 & to keep ,8 comm&m5ts1 & ,8 laws1 & ,8 /atutes1 ) all ! he>t1 & ) all ! s\l 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #c74 ,x is evid5t t at fir/ ! "y prophet hop$ great ?+s ( ?is national league & ! associat$ re=ms 9 ! public wor%ip4 ,9 8 elev5? *apt]1 he writes ?us3 ,! ^w t fell to ,j]emiah f ,iahvah1 say+3 ,he> ye ! words ( ?is cov5ant--presumably ! words ( ! newf\nd book ( ! ,torah--,& speak ye to ! m5 ( ,judah1 & to ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem4 ,& ?\ %alt say unto !m--! *ange f ! second plural he> ye1 speak ye1 is noticeable4 ,9 ! fir/ in/ance1 no d\bt1 ! message contemplates ! lead]s ( ! re=m+ movem5t g5]ally2 ! prophet is specially address$ 9 ! words1 ,& ?\ %alt say unto !m1 ,?us said ,iahvah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 ,curs$ is ! man t w n he> ! words ( ?is cov5ant1 :i* ,i comm&$ y\r fa!rs1 9 ! day :5 ,i br\ght !m =? f ! l& ( ,egypt1 f ! iron furnace1 say+1 ,he>k5 to ,my voice1 & d !m1 accord+ to all t ,i comm& y2 & ye %all become to ,me a p1 & ,i--,i w become to y ,elohim3 9 ord] to make good ! oa? t ,i sw>e to y\r fa!rs1 to give !m a l& fl[+ ) milk & honey1 z at ?is day4 ,& ,i answ]$ & said1 ,s be x1 ,iahvah6 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,proclaim all ^! words 9 ! cities ( ,judah & 9 ! /reets ( ,j]usalem1 say+1 ,he> ye ! words ( ?is cov5ant1 & d !m4 ,= ,i solemnly adjur$ y\r fa!rs1 at ! "t :5 ,i br\ght !m up out ( ! l& ( ,egypt1 7&7 unto ?is day1 ) all e>ne/ness e>ne/ly & incessantly1 say+1 ,he>k5 ye to ,my voice4 ,& !y he>k5$ n1 nor incl9$ _! e>1 & !y walk$ individually 9 ! /ubbornness ( _! evil he>t4 ,s ,i br\ght ^u !m all ! words ( ?is cov5ant--i4e41 ! curses1 :i* con/itut$ ! sanction ( x3 see ,deut4 iv4 #be sqq41 xxviii4 #ae sqq4--7?is cov5ant7 :i* ,i comm&$ !m to d1 & !y did x n4 ,or p]haps1 ,because ,i bade !m d1 & !y did n2 imply+ a g5]al prescription ( conduct1 :i* 0 n obs]v$4 ,or1 ,i :o _h bidd5 !m d1 & !y did n--ju/ify+1 z x 71 ,god's assumption ( ! function ( puni%m5t4 ,8 law _h be5 set at n\ght2 ! national rev]ses1 !re=e1 7 ,8 infliction1 & n ano!r's4 ,?is1 !n1 0 ! fir/ prea*+ ( ,j]emiah4 ,he> ye ! words ( ?is cov5ant6--! cov5ant drawn out ) su* precision & legal =mality 9 ! newf\nd book ( ! ,torah4 ,up & d[n ! c\ntry1 9 ! cities ( ,judah & 9 ! /reets ( ,j]usalem1 ev]y:]e )9 ! b\nds ( ! little k+dom t ackn[l$g$ ! h\se ( ,david1 he publi%$ ?is panacea = ! actual & imm95t evils ( ! "t1 insi/+1 we may be sure1 ) all ! eloqu5ce ( a y\?ful patriot1 ^u ! impressive w>n+s embodi$ 9 ! pa/ hi/ory ( ,israel1 z set =? 9 ! book ( ! ,law4 ,b 8 be/ ef=ts 7 fruitless4 ,eloqu5ce & patriotism & enlight5$ spiritual beliefs & l(ty purity ( purpose 7 wa/$ ^u a g5]ation bl9d$ by its own vices & res]v$ = a swiftly approa*+ retribution4 ,p]haps ! plots :i* drove ! prophet f9ally f 8 native place 7 due to ! ho/ility evok$ aga9/ him by 8 prea*+ ( ! ,law4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! acc\nt ( !m imm$iately foll[s1 9 ?is elev5? *apt] 7v]s4 #ah sqq474 ,b x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t ! ,law-book 0 n f\nd until five ye>s aft] 8 call to ! (fice ( prophet4 ,9 any case1 x is n difficult to und]/& ! popul> irritation at :at mu/ h seem$ ! unreasonable attitude ( a prophet1 :o1 9 spite ( ! :olesale de/ruction ( ! outw>d symbols ( idolatry effect$ by ! k+'s ord]s1 /ill decl>$ t ! claims ( ,iahweh 7 unsatisfi$1 & t some?+ m 0 ne$$ ?an ! purg+ ( ,judah & ,j]usalem f ! high places & ! ,a%]im1 if ! ,div9e fav\r 7 to be conciliat$1 & ! c\ntry re/or$ to p]man5t prosp]ity4 ,! p probably suppos$ t !y _h suffici5tly fulfill$ ! law ( _! ,god1 :5 !y _h n only demoli%$ all sanctu>ies b ,81 b _h done away ) all ^? local holy places :]e ,iahvah 0 inde$ wor%ipp$1 b ) a deplorable admixture ( hea!ni% rites4 ,! law ( ! "o legal sanctu>y1 s mu* insi/$ ^u 9 ,deut]onomy1 0 =mally e/abli%$ by ,josiah1 & ! national wor%ip 0 h5ce=? c5traliz$ 9 ,j]usalem1 :i* f ?is "t onw>d rema9$ 9 ! eyes ( all fai?ful ,israelites ! place :]e m5 ought to wor%ip4 ,x is entirely 9 accordance ) :at we "k ( human nature 9 g5]al1 & n m]ely ( ,jewi% nature1 t ! popul> m9d fail$ to rise to ! level ( ! prophetic tea*+1 & t ! re=m+ zeal ( ! "t %\ld h exhau/$ itself 9 ef=ts :i* effect$ no m ?an ^! ext]nal *anges4 ,! tru? is t ! re=m+ movem5t began f above1 n f bel[2 & h[ev] e>ne/ ! "y k+ may h be51 x is probable t ! mass ( 8 subjects view$ ! abolition ( ! high-places1 & ! o!r sweep+ measures1 initiat$ 9 ob$i5ce to ! precepts ( ! book ( ! ,cov5ant1 ei!r ) apa?y & indiff]5ce1 or ) feel+s ( sull5 ho/ility4 ,! prie/hood ( ,j]usalem 71 ( c\rse1 b5efit$ by ! abolition ( all sanctu>ies1 except ! "o :]e9 !y m9i/]$ & receiv$ _! dues4 ,! writ+s ( our prophet amply demon/rate t1 :atev] zeal = ,iahvah1 & :atev] degree ( compunction = ! pa/ may h animat$ ! prime mov]s 9 ! re=mation ( ! eighte5? ( ,josiah1 no radical improvem5t 0 effect$ 9 ! ord9>y life ( ! nation4 ,= "s twelve ye>s1 inde$1 ! well-mean+ k+ cont9u$ to occupy ! ?rone2 ye>s1 x may be presum$1 ( comp>ative peace & prosp]ity = ,judah1 al?\gh nei!r ! n>rative ( ,k+s & ,*ronicles nor t ( ,j]emiah gives u any in=mation ab\t !m4 ,d\btless x 0 g5]ally suppos$ t ! nation 0 reap+ ! rew>d ( its ob$i5ce to ! law ( ,iahvah4 ,b at ! end ( t p]iod1 circ4 ,b4,c4 #fjh1 an ev5t occurr$ :i* mu/ h %ak5 ?is fai? to its f\ndations4 ,9 ! ?irty-fir/ ye> ( 8 reign1 ,josiah fell 9 ! battle ( ,megiddo1 :ile va9ly oppos+ ! small =ces at 8 comm& to ! ho/s ( ,egypt4 ,great inde$ mu/ h be5 ! se>*+s ( he>t occasion$ by ?is unlook$-= & ov]:elm+ /roke4 ,/range t x %\ld h fall5 at a "t :51 z ! p deem$1 ! ,god ( ,israel 0 receiv+ ,8 due at _! h&s2 :5 ! injunctions ( ! book ( ! ,cov5ant _h be5 m9utely c>ri$ out1 ! false & irregul> wor%ips aboli%$1 & ,j]usalem made ! c5tre ( ! cultus2 a "t :5 x seem$ z if ! ,"l _h become reconcil$ to ,8 p ,israel1 :5 ye>s ( peace & pl5ty seem$ to give demon/ration ( ! fact2 & :51 z may p]haps be inf]r$ f ,josiah's exp$ition aga9/ ,ne*o1 ! ext5sion ( ! bord]1 contemplat$ 9 ! book ( ! ,law1 0 consid]$ z likely to be realis$ 9 ! ne> future4 ,! height to :i* ! national aspirations _h so>$ only made ! fall m disa/r\s1 complete1 ru9\s4 ,! hopes ( ,judah re/$ ^u a worldly f\ndation2 & x 0 necess>y t a p ^: bl9dness 0 only int5sifi$ by prosp]ity1 %\ld be undeceiv$ by ! discipl9e ( ov]?r[4 ,no h9t is giv5 9 ! meagre n>rative ( ! reign z to :e!r ! prophets _h l5t _! c\nt5ance or n to ! fatal exp$ition4 ,probably !y did2 probably !y too _h to le>n by bitt] exp]i5ce1 t no man1 n ev5 a zeal\s & godfe>+ mon>*1 is necess>y to ! fulfilm5t ( ! ,div9e c\nsels4 ,& ! agony ( ?is irretrievable disa/]1 ?is sudd5 & complete ext9ction ( 8 c\ntry's faire/ hopes1 may h be5 ! means by :i* ! ,holy ,_s l$ ,j]emiah to an int5s] conviction t illicit modes ( wor%ip & co>se idolatries 7 n ! only ?+s 9 ,judah (f5sive to ,iahvah2 t some?+ m 0 ne$$ to w9 back ,8 fav\r ?an =mal ob$i5ce1 h[ev] rigid & exact+1 to ! lett] ( a writt5 code ( sacr$ law2 t ! cov5ant ( ,iahvah ) ,8 p _h an inw>d & et]nal1 n an outw>d & transitory significance2 & t n ! lett] b ! _s ( ! law 0 ! ?+ ( ess5tial mom5t4 ,?\ghts l ^! mu/ h be5 pres5t to ! prophet's m9d :5 he wrote 7xxxi4 #ca sqq473 ,behold1 a "t is com+1 sai? ,iahvah1 :5 ,i w conclude ) ! h\se ( ,israel & ) ! h\se ( ,judah a fre% treaty1 unlike ! treaty t ,i conclud$ ) _! =efa!rs1 at ! "t :5 ,i took hold ( _! h&1 to br+ !m out ( ! l& ( ,egypt2 :5 !y1 on _! "p1 disannull$ my treaty1 & ,i--,i disda9$#ac !m1 sai? ,iahvah4 ,= ?is is ! treaty t ,i w conclude ) ! h\se ( ,israel aft] ^? days i4e4 9 due "t1 sai? ,iahvah3 ,i w put my ,torah )9 !m & ^u _! he>t w ,i grave x2 & ,i w become to !m a ,god1 & !y--!y %all become to me a p4 ,x is b a dull eye :i* _c see beyond ! metaphor ( ! cov5ant or treaty betwe5 ,iahvah & ,israel2 & x is a /rangely d>k und]/&+ t fails to p]ceive "h & else:]e a transluc5t figure ( ! et]nal relations subsi/+ betwe5 ,god & man4 ,! error is precisely t aga9/ :i* ! prophets1 at ! high wat]m>k ( _! inspiration1 are always prote/+--! univ]sal & invet]ate error ( n>r[+ d[n ! requirem5ts ( ! ,inf9itely ,holy1 ,j & ,good1 to ! scrupul\s obs]vance ( "s accept$ body ( canons1 en%r9$ 9 a book & duly int]pret$ by ! labori\s application ( recognis$ legal au?orities4 ,x is s com=table to be sure ( possess+ an infallible guide 9 s small a compass2 to be sp>$ all fur!r consid]ation1 s long z we h paid ! prie/ly dues1 & kept ! annual fea/s1 & c>efully obs]v$ ! laws ( c]emonial purity6 ,f ! fir/1 ! att5tion ( prie/s & p1 includ+ ! (ficial prophets1 w\ld be attract$ by ! ritual & c]emonial precepts1 r ?an by ! e>ne/ moral tea*+ ( ,deut]onomy4 ,z soon z fir/ impressions _h _h "t to subside1 ! moral & spiritual elem5t 9 t noble book w\ld beg9 to be ignor$1 or conf\nd$ ) ! purely ext]nal & mundane prescriptions affect+ public wor%ip & social propriety2 & ! int]e/s ( true religion w\ld h>dly be subs]v$ by ! =mal acceptance ( ?is code z ! law ( ! /ate4 ,! unreg5]ate he>t ( man w\ld fancy t x _h at la/ gott5 t = :i* x is always crav+--some?+ f9al--some?+ to :i* x c\ld triumphantly po9t1 :5 urg$ by ! religi\s en?usia/1 z tangible evid5ce t x 0 fulfill+ ! ,div9e law1 t x 0 at "o ) ,iahvah1 & !re=e _h a "r to expect ! cont9uance ( ,8 fav\r & bless+4 ,spiritual developm5t w\ld be arre/$2 m5 w\ld become satisfi$ ) hav+ effect$ c]ta9 def9ite *anges br++ !m into ext]nal con=mity ) ! writt5 law1 & w\ld incl9e to re/ 9 ?+s z !y 74 ,mean:ile1 ! tru? held good t to make a feti% ( a code1 a sy/em1 a holy book1 is n necess>ily id5tical ) ! s]vice ( ,god4 ,x is1 9 fact1 ! sure/ way to =get ,god2 = x is to inve/ some?+ t is n ,he1 b1 at be/1 a f>-(f e*o ( ,8 voice1 ) ,8 sole attributes ( f9ality & suffici5cy4 ,! effect ( ! d[nfall ( ! good k+ 0 electrical4 ,! nation discov]$ t ! displeasure ( ,iahvah _h n pass$ away l a morn+ cl\d4 ,out ( ! %ock & ! dismay ( t t]rible disillusion sprang ! conviction t ! pa/ 0 n aton$ =1 t ! evil ( x 0 irrep>able4 ,! idea is reflect$ 9 ! words ( ,j]emiah 7xv4 #a73 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,if ,moses 7 to /& be=e ,me 7z an int]cessor71 & ,samuel1 ,i %\ld n incl9e t[>ds ?is p3 dismiss !m f ,my pres5ce1 & let !m g =?6 ,& :5 !y say unto !e1 ,:i!r are we to g =?8 ?\ %alt say unto !m1 ,?us said ,iahvah1 ,!y t are ,dea?'s to dea?2 & !y t are ! ,sword's to ! sword2 & !y t are ,fam9e's to fam9e2 & !y t are ,captivity's to captivity4 ,& ,i w set ov] !m f\r families1 sai? ,iahvah2 ! sword to slay1 & ! dogs to draw 7#b ,sam4 xvii4 #ac71 & ! birds ( ! air1 & ! bea/s ( ! e>?1 to dev\r & to de/roy4 ,& ,i w give !m = worry 7,deut4 xxviii4 #be7 to all ! realms ( e>?2 because ( 7,deut4 xv4 #aj1 xviii4 #ab2 7 ,manasseh b5 ,hezekiah k+ ( ,judah2 = :at he did 9 ,j]usalem4 ,9 ! next v]ses we h :at seems to be a ref]5ce to ! dea? ( ,josiah 7v]4 #g74 ,i fann$ !m ) a fan--! fan by :i* ! husb&man sep>ates :eat f *aff 9 ! ?re%+ floor--,i fann$ !m ) a fan1 9 ! gates ( ! l&--at ,megiddo1 ! po9t :]e an enemy m>*+ along ! m>itime r\te might ent] ! l& ( ,israel2 ,i b]eav$1 ,i ru9$ my p 7v]4 #i74 ,%e t _h borne sev51 p9$ away2 %e brea!d out h] s\l2 h] sun w5t d[n :ile x 0 yet day4 ,! national m\rn+ ov] ?is dire ev5t became prov]bial1 z we see f ,ze*4 xii4 #aa3 ,9 t day1 great %all be ! m\rn+ 9 ,j]usalem2 l ! m\rn+ ( ,hadadrimmon 9 ! valley ( ,megiddo4 ,! political relations ( ! p]iod are c]ta9ly obscure1 if we conf9e our att5tion to ! biblical data4 ,happily1 we are n[ able to supplem5t ^!1 by comp>ison ) ! newly recov]$ monum5ts ( ,assyria4 ,"u ,manasseh1 ! k+dom ( ,judah became tribut>y to ,es>haddon2 & ?is relation ( dep5d5ce1 we may be sure1 0 n int]rupt$ dur+ ! vigor\s reign ( ! mighty ,a%urbanipal1 ,b4,c4 #ffh-fbf4 ,b ! fir/ symptoms ( decl9+ p[] on ! side ( _! oppressors w\ld und\bt$ly be ! signal = conspiracy & rebellion 9 ! di/ant p>ts ( ! loosely amalgamat$ empire4 ,until ! dea? ( ,a%urbanipal1 ! la/ great sov]eign :o reign$ at ,n9eveh1 x may be assum$ t ,josiah /ood true to 8 fealty4 ,x appe>s f c]ta9 notices 9 ,k+s & ,*ronicles 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #ai2 #b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #f7 t he 0 able to ex]cise au?ority ev5 9 ! t]ritories ( ! ru9$ k+dom ( ,israel4 ,?is may h be5 due to ! fact t he 0 all[$ to d pretty mu* z he lik$1 s long z he prov$ an ob$i5t vassal2 or1 z is m likely1 ! att5tion ( ! ,assyrians 0 div]t$ f ! ,we/ by tr\bles ne>] home 9 connection ) ! ,scy?ians or ! ,m$es & ,babylonians4 ,at all ev5ts1 x is n to be suppos$ t :5 ,josiah w5t out to oppose ! ,ph>aoh at ,megiddo1 he 0 fac+ ! =ces ( ,egypt alone4 ,! ?+ is intr9sically improbable4 ,! k+ ( ,judah mu/ h head$ a coalition ( ! petty ,syrian /ates aga9/ ! common enemy4 ,x is n necess>y to suppose t ! ,pale/9ian pr9cipalities resi/$ ,ne*o's advance1 9 ! int]e/s ( _! nom9al suz]a9 ,assyria4 ,f all we c ga!r1 t empire 0 n[ tott]+ to its irretrievable fall1 "u ! feeble successors ( ,a%urbanipal4 ,! ambition ( ,egypt 0 d\btless a t]ror to ! comb9$ peoples4 ,! fur!r results ( ,ne*o's campaign are unkn[n4 ,= ! mom5t1 ,judah exp]i5c$ a *ange ( ma/]s2 b ! ,egyptian tyranny 0 n de/9$ to la/4 ,"s f\r ye>s aft] ! battle ( ,megiddo1 ,ph>aoh ,ne*o made a second exp$ition to ! ,nor?1 ?is "t aga9/ ! ,babylonians1 :o _h succe$$ to ! empire ( ,assyria4 ,! ,egyptians 7 utt]ly defeat$ 9 ! battle ( ,c>*emi%1 circ4 ,b4,c4 #fjf-e1 :i* left ,nebu*adrezz> 9 virtual possession ( ! c\ntries we/ ( ! ,euphrates 7,j]4 xlvi4 #b74 ,x 0 ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 son ( ,josiah1 k+ ( ,judah1 :5 ?is crisis arose 9 ! affairs ( ! ,ea/]n _w4 ,! prophet ,j]emiah did n miss ! mean+ ( ev5ts4 ,f ! fir/ he recognis$ 9 ,nebu*adrezz>1 or ,nabucodrossor1 an in/rum5t 9 ! ,div9e h& = ! *a/isem5t ( ! peoples2 f ! fir/1 he pr$ict$ a judgm5t ( ,god1 n only ^u ! ,jews1 b ^u all nations1 f> & ne>4 ,! sub/ance ( 8 oracles is pres]v$ to u 9 *apt]s xxv4 & xlvi4-xlix4 ( 8 book4 ,9 ! =m] passage1 :i* is expressly dat$ f ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 & ! fir/ ( ,nebu*adrezz>1 ! prophet gives a k9d ( retrospect ( 8 m9i/ry ( ?ree-&-tw5ty ye>s1 affirms t x has fail$ ( its end1 & t ,div9e retribution is !re=e c]ta94 ,! tribes ( ! nor? w come & desolate ! :ole c\ntry 7v]4 #i71 & ^! nations--! peoples ( ,pale/9e--%all s]ve ! k+ ( ,babel sev5ty ye>s 7v]4 #aa74 ,! judgm5t on ! nations is depict$ by an impressive symbolism 7v]4 #ae74 ,?us said ,iahvah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 unto me1 ,take ?is cup ( w9e1 ! 7,div9e7 wra?1 f ,my h&1 & cause all ! nations1 unto :om ,i s5d !e1 to dr9k x4 ,& let !m dr9k1 & reel1 & %[ !mselves fr5zi$1 because ( ! sword t ,i am s5d+ among/ !m6 ,! /range metaphor recalls our own prov]b3 ,quem ,deus vult p]d]e1 prius dem5tat4 ,s ,i took ! cup f ! h& ( ,iahvah1 & made all ! nations dr9k1 unto :om ,iahvah _h s5t me4 ,!n1 z 9 "s li/ ( ! proscrib$1 ! prophet writes d[n1 "o aft] ano!r1 ! names ( ! doom$ cities & peoples4 ,! judgm5t 0 set = t age1 & ! et]nal books 7 op5$1 & ! names f\nd 9 !m 7 ^! 7v]4 #ah73 ,j]usalem1 & ! cities ( ,judah1 & h] k+s1 & h] pr9ces4 ,ph>aoh k+ ( ,egypt1 & 8 s]vants1 & 8 pr9ces1 & all 8 p4 ,& all ! hir$ soldi]y1 & all ! k+s ( ! l& ( ,uz1 & all ! k+s ( ! l& ( ! ,phili/9es1 & ,a%kelon1 & ,gaza1 & ,ekron1 & ! remnant ( ,a%dod4 ,edom1 & ,moab1 & ! b5 ,ammon4 ,& all ! k+s ( ,tyre1 & all ! k+s ( ,sidon1 & ! k+s ( ! isl& 7i4e4 ,cyprus7 t is beyond ! sea4 ,d$an & ,tema & ,buz & all ! tonsur$ folk4 ,& all ! k+s ( ,arabia1 & all ! k+s ( ! hir$ soldi]y1 t dwell 9 ! wild]ness4 ,& all ! k+s ( ,zimri1 & all ! k+s ( ,elam1 & all ! k+s ( ,m$ia4 ,& all ! k+s ( ! nor?1 ! ne> & ! f>1 "o ) ano!r2 & all ! k+doms ( ! e>? t are ^u ! surface ( ! gr\nd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,:5 ! m\rn+ = ,josiah 0 end$ 7#b ,*ron4 xxxv4 #bd sqq471 ! p put ,jehoahaz on 8 fa!r's ?rone4 ,b ?is arrangem5t 0 n suff]$ to cont9ue1 = ,ne*o1 hav+ defeat$ & sla9 ,josiah1 naturally ass]t$ 8 "r to dispose ( ! cr[n ( ,judah z he ?\ght fit4 ,accord+ly1 he put ,jehoahaz 9 bonds at ,riblah 9 ! l& ( ,hama?1 :i!r he _h probably summon$ him to swe> allegiance to ,egypt1 or :i!r1 p]haps1 ,jehoahaz _h d>$ to g ) an arm$ =ce to resi/ ! ,egyptian pret5sions1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is an unlikely supposition1 z ! battle 9 :i* ,josiah _h fall5 mu/ h be5 a sev]e bl[ to ! milit>y res\rces ( ,judah4 ,ne*o c>ri$ ! un=tunate b also unwor?y k+ 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #cb7 a prison] to ,egypt1 :]e he di$ 7ibid4 #cd74 ,^! ev5ts are ?us allud$ to by ,j]emiah 7xxii4 #aj-ab73 ,weep ye n = "o dead 7i4e4 ,josiah71 nor make y\r moan = him3 weep ev] = him t is go+ away2 = he w n come back aga91 & see 8 native l&6 ,= ?us ha? ,iahvah said ( ,%allum 7i4e4 ,jehoahaz1 #a ,*ron4 iii4 #ae7 b5 ,josiah1 k+ ( ,judah1 t reign$ 9 ! place ( ,josiah 8 fa!r1 :o is gone =? out ( ?is place 7i4e4 ,j]usalem1 or ! palace1 v]4 #a71 ,he w n come back ?i!r aga94 ,= 9 ! place :i!r !y h l$ him into exile1 !re he w die2 & ?is l& he w n see aga94 ,! pa?os ( ?is lam5t = "o ^: dream ( greatness 0 brok5 = ev] )9 ?ree %ort mon?s1 does n conceal ! prophet's condemnation ( ,ne*o's prison]4 ,j]emiah does n condole ) ! captive k+ z ! victim ( m]e mis=tune4 ,9 ?is1 z 9 all ! ga!r+ calamities ( 8 c\ntry1 he sees a retributive mean+4 ,! n9e prec$+ v]ses ( ! *apt] demon/rate ! fact4 ,9 ! place ( ,jehoahaz1 ,ne*o _h set up 8 eld] bro!r ,eliakim1 ) ! title ( ,jehoiakim 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #cd74 ,?is pr9ce also is condemn$ 9 ! n>rative ( ,k+s 7v]4 #cg71 z hav+ done ! evil ?+ 9 ! eyes ( ,iahvah1 accord+ to all t 8 =efa!rs _h done2 an e/imate :i* is ?or\ghly confirm$ by :at ,j]emiah has add$ to 8 lam5t = ! depos$ k+ 8 bro!r4 ,! pride1 ! grasp+ covet\sness1 ! high-h&$ viol5ce & cruelty ( ,jehoiakim1 & ! doom t w ov]take him1 9 ! righte\sness ( ,god1 are ?us decl>$3 ,woe to him t builde? 8 h\se by inju/ice1 & 8 *amb]s by iniquity6 t laye? on 8 neighb\r "w )\t wages1 & give? him n 8 hire6 ,t sai?1 ,i w build me a l(ty h\se1 ) airy *amb]s2 & he cutte? him out ! w9d[s !re(1 panell+ x ) c$>1 & pa9t+ x ) v]milion4 ,%alt ?\ reign1 t ?\ art hotly int5t ^u c$>8 7,or1 accord+ to ! ,,lxx4 ,vat41 ?\ vie/ ) ,ahaz--,,lxx4 ,alex41 ) ,ahab2 p]haps a ref]5ce to ! ivory h\se m5tion$ 9 #a ,k+s xxii4 #ci74 ,?y fa!r1 did he n eat & dr9k & d judgm5t & ju/ice8 ,!n x 0 well ) him4 ,he judg$ ! cause ( ! oppress$ & ! ne$y3 !n x 0 well4 ,0 n ?is to "k ,me8 sai? ,iahvah4 ,= ?9e eyes & ?9e he>t are set ^u n\ght b ?9e own lucre ?y plund]1 & ^u ! blood ( ! innoc5t1 to %$ x1 & ^u extortion & oppression to d x4 ,!re=e1 ?us ha? ,iahvah said ( ,jehoiakim b5 ,josiah1 k+ ( ,judah3 ,!y %all n lam5t = him ) ,ah1 my bro!r6 or ,ah1 si/]6 ,!y %all n lam5t = him ) ,ah1 "l6 or ,ah1 8 maje/y6 ,) ! burial ( an ass %all he be buri$2 ) dragg+ & ca/+ =? beyond ! gates ( ,j]usalem6 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! reign ( ?is wor?less tyrant1 ! prophet 0 impell$ to address a v def9ite w>n+ to ! ?rong ( wor%ipp]s 9 ! c\rt ( ! temple 7xxvi4 #d sqq474 ,x 0 to ! effect t if !y did n am5d _! ways1 _! temple %\ld become l ,%iloh1 & _! city a curse to all ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,!re c\ld be no d\bt ( ! mean+ ( ?is ref]5ce to ! ru9$ sanctu>y1 long s9ce =sak5 ( ,god 7,ps4 lxxviii4 #fj74 ,x s wr\ght ^u t fanatical audi5ce1 t prie/s & prophets & p rose z "o man aga9/ ! d>+ speak]2 & ,j]emiah 0 b>ely rescu$ f imm$iate dea? by ! timely int]v5tion ( ! pr9ces4 ,! acc\nt closes ) ! relation ( ! cruel murd] ( ano!r prophet ( ! s*ool ( ,j]emiah1 by comm& ( ,jehoiakim ! k+2 & x is v evid5t f ^! n>ratives t1 scre5$ z he 0 by p[]ful fri5ds1 ,j]emiah n>r[ly escap$ a simil> fate4 ,we h rea*$ ! po9t 9 our prophet's c>e] :51 tak+ a broad survey ( ! entire _w ( 8 "t1 he =eca/s ! "* ( ! future t awaits its v>i\s political divisions4 ,he has left ! sub/ance ( 8 reflexions 9 ! #be? *apt]1 & 9 ^? prophecies conc]n+ ! =eign peoples1 :i* ! ,hebrew text ( 8 works relegates to ! v end ( ! book1 z *apt]s xlvi4-li41 b :i* ! ,greek rec5sion ( ! ,septuag9t ins]ts imm$iately aft] *ap4 xxv4 #ac4 ,9 ! decisive battle at ,c>*emi%1 :i* crippl$ ! p[] ( ,egypt1 ! only o!r exi/+ /ate :i* c\ld make any pret5sions to ! supremacy ( ,we/]n ,asia1 & cont5d ) ! trans-,euphratean empires = ! possession ( ,syria-,pale/9e1 ,j]emiah _h recognis$ a signal indication ( ! ,div9e ,w1 :i* he 0 n sl[ to proclaim to all )9 rea* ( 8 inspir$ eloqu5ce4 ,9 common ) all ! great prophets :o _h prec$$ him1 he ent]ta9$ a pr(\nd conviction t ! race 0 n necess>ily to ! swift1 nor ! battle to ! /rong2 t ! =tune ( w> 0 n det]m9$ simply & solely by *>iots & horsem5 & big battalions2 t beh9d all mat]ial =ces lay ! spiritual1 f ^: absolute w !y d]iv$ _! be+ & pot5cy1 & ^u ^: sov]eign pleasure dep5d$ ! issues ( victory & defeat1 ( life & dea?4 ,z 8 successor1 ! second ,isaiah1 saw 9 ! poly!i/ ,cyrus1 k+ ( ,anzan1 a *os5 s]vant ( ,iahvah1 ^: :ole triumphant c>e] 0 =eorda9$ 9 ! c\nsels ( heav52 s ,j]emiah saw 9 ! rise ( ! ,babylonian dom9ation1 & ! rapid developm5t ( ! new empire ^u ! ru9s ( ! old1 a manife/ tok5 ( ! ,div9e purpose1 a revelation ( a ,div9e secret4 ,8 po9t ( view is /rik+ly illu/rat$ by ! w>n+ :i* he 0 direct$ to s5d a few ye>s lat] to ! k+s :o 7 seek+ to draw ,judah into ! common alliance aga9/ ,babylon 7*ap4 xxvii4 #a sqq474 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ! reign ( ,z$ekiah#ad b5 ,josiah1 k+ ( ,judah1 fell ?is ^w to ,j]emiah f ,iahvah4 ,?us said ,iahvah unto me1 ,make !e ?ongs & poles1 & put !m ^u ?y neck2 & s5d !m to ! k+ ( ,edom1 & to ! k+ ( ,moab1 & to ! k+ ( ! b5 ,ammon1 & to ! k+ ( ,tyre1 & to ! k+ ( ,zidon1 by ! h& ( ! mess5g]s t are come to ,j]usalem1 unto ,z$ekiah ! k+ ( ,judah4 ,& give !m a *>ge unto _! ma/]s1 say+1 ,?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 ,?us %all ye say to y\r ma/]s3 ,i x 0 t made ! e>?1 mank9d1 & ! cattle t are on ! face ( ! e>?1 by ,my great /r5g?1 & by ,m9e out/ret*$ arm2 & ,i give x to :om x seeme? good 9 ,my sight4 ,& n[1 ,i w v]ily give all ^! c\ntries into ! h& ( ,nebu*adrezz> k+ ( ,babel1 ,my s]vant2 & ev5 ! wild creatures ( ! field w ,i give unto him to s]ve him4 ,nebu*adrezz> 0 inv9cible1 & ! ,jewi% prophet cle>ly p]ceiv$ ! fact4 ,b x mu/ n be imag9$ t ! ,jewi% p g5]ally1 or ! neighb\r+ peoples1 enjoy$ a simil> degree ( insight4 ,_h t be5 s1 ! battle ( ,j]emiah's life w\ld nev] h be5 f\ght out "u su* cruel1 su* hopeless conditions4 ,! prophet saw ! tru?1 & proclaim$ x )\t ceas+ 9 reluctant e>s1 & 0 met ) d]ision1 & incr$ulity1 & intrigue1 & sl&]1 & pitiless p]secution4 ,by-&-by1 :5 8 ^w _h come to pass1 & all ! pr9cipalities ( ,canaan 7 cr\*+ abjectly at ! feet ( ! conqu]or1 & ,j]usalem 0 a heap ( ru9s1 ! scatt]$ communities ( bani%$ ,israelites c\ld rememb] t ,j]emiah _h =ese5 & =etold x all4 ,9 ! light ( accompli%$ facts1 ! significance ( 8 prevision began to be realis$2 & :5 ! fir/ dre>y h\rs ( dumb & desp]ate suff]+ 7 ov]1 ! exiles gradually le>n$ to f9d consolation 9 ! few b preci\s promises t _h accompani$ ! m5aces :i* 7 n[ s visibly fulfill$4 ,:ile !y 7 yet 9 _! own l&1 two ?+s _h be5 pr$ict$ by ?is prophet 9 ! "n ( _! ,god4 ,! fir/ 0 n[ accompli%$2 no cavil c\ld ?r[ d\bt ^u actual exp]i5ce4 ,0 !re n "h "s w>rant1 at lea/ = reasonable m51 "s suffici5t gr\nd = tru/+ ! prophet at la/1 = believ+ 9 8 ,div9e mission1 = /riv+ to foll[ 8 c\nsels1 & = look+ =w>d ) /eadfa/ hope out ( pres5t affliction1 to ! gladness ( ! future :i* ! same se] _h =etold1 ev5 ) ! unwont$ precision ( nam+ a limit ( "t8 ,s ! exiles 7 p]suad$1 & _! belief 0 fully ju/ifi$ by ! ev5t4 ,nev] _h !y realis$ ! absolute sov]eignty ( _! ,god1 ! univ]sality ( ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ! %ad[y nature1 ! blank no?+ness ( all suppos$ rivals ( ,8 dom9ion1 z n[ !y did1 :5 at l5g? ye>s ( pa9ful exp]i5ce _h br\ght home to _! m9ds ! tru? t ,nebu*adrezz> _h demoli%$ ! temple & laid ,j]usalem 9 ! du/1 n1 z he himself believ$1 by ! fav\r ( ,bel-,m]oda* & ,nebo1 b by ! s5t5ce ( ! ,god ( ,israel2 & t ! cata/rophe1 :i* _h swept !m out ( political exi/5ce1 occurr$ n because ,iahvah 0 weak] ?an ! gods ( ,babylon1 b because ,he 0 irresi/ibly /rong2 /rong] ?an all p[]s ( all worlds2 /rong] !re=e ?an ,israel1 /rong] ?an ,babylon2 /rong] ?an ! pride & ambition ( ! e>?ly conqu]or1 /rong] ?an ! self-w1 & ! /ubbornness1 & ! wayw>d rebellion1 & ! fanatical bl9dness1 & ! frivol\s unbelief1 ( 8 own p4 ,! conception is an easy "o = u1 :o h inh]it$ ! treasures bo? ( ,jewi% & ( ,g5tile ?\ght2 b ! long /ruggle ( ! prophets1 & ! fi]ce antagonism ( _! fell[-c\ntrym51 & ! political ext9ction ( ! ,davidic mon>*y1 & ! agonies ( ! ,babylonian exile1 7 necess>y to ! g5esis & g]m9ation ( ?is ma/]-conception 9 ! he>t ( ,israel1 & s ( humanity4 ,to return f ?is ha/y glance at ! remot] consequ5ces ( ! prophet's m9i/ry1 x 0 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 & ! fir/ ( ,nebu*adrezz> 7xxv4 #a7 t1 9 ob$i5ce to a ,div9e intimation1 he collect$ ! v>i\s disc\rses :i* he _h s f> deliv]$ 9 ! "n ( ,god4 ,"s d\bt has be5 rais$ z to ! precise mean+ ( ! record ( ?is matt] 7xxxvi474 ,on ! "o h&1 x is urg$ t ,an hi/orically accurate reproduction ( ! prophecies w\ld n h suit$ ,j]emiah's object1 :i* 0 n hi/orical b practical3 he desir$ to give a salut>y %ock to ! p1 by br++ be=e !m ! fatal consequ5ces ( _! evil de$s3 & t ! purport ( ! roll 7v]4 #bi7 :i* ! k+ burn$ 0 only t ! k+ ( ,babylon %\ld 'come & de/roy ?is l&1' :]eas x is cle> t ,j]emiah _h utt]$ _m o!r important decl>ations 9 ! c\rse ( 8 already long m9i/ry4 ,& on ! o!r h&1 x is sugge/$ t ! roll1 ( :i* ! prophet speaks 9 *ap4 xxxvi41 conta9$ no m ?an ! prophecy conc]n+ ! ,babylonian invasion & its consequ5ces1 :i* is pres]v$ 9 *ap4 xxv41 & dat$ f ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim4 ,consid]+ ! unsatisfactory /ate ( ! text ( ,j]emiah1 x is p]haps admissible to suppose1 = ! sake ( ?is hypo!sis1 t ! second v]se ( *ap4 xxv41 :i* expressly decl>es t ?is prophecy 0 spok5 by its au?or to all ! p ( ,judah1 & to all ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 is a loose inaccurate /atem5t due to a lat] editor2 al?\gh ?is inconv5i5t /atem5t is f\nd 9 ! ,greek ( ! ,,lxx4 z well z 9 ! ,massoretic ,hebrew text4 ,b let u exam9e ! alleg$ objections 9 ! light ( ! positive /atem5ts ( *ap4 xxxvi4 ,x is !re writt5 ?us3 ,9 ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim b5 ,josiah k+ ( ,judah1 ?is ^w fell to ,j]emiah f ,iahvah4 ,take !e a book-roll1 & write on x all ! words t ,i h spok5 unto !e1 conc]n+ ,israel & ,judah & all ! nations1 f ! day :5 ,i 7fir/7 spake unto !e1--f ! days ( ,josiah1--unto ?is day4 ,?is c]ta9ly seems pla9 en\gh4 ,! only possible "q is :e!r ! comm& 0 to collect )9 ! compass ( a s+le volume1 a sort ( au?or's edition1 an indef9ite numb] ( disc\rses pres]v$ hi!rto 9 sep>ate ,,mss4 & p]haps to a great ext5t 9 ! prophet's memory2 or :e!r we are to und]/& by all ! words ! sub/ance ( ! v>i\s prophecies to :i* ref]5ce is made4 ,if ! object 0 m]ely to impress ! p on a p>ticul> occasion by plac+ be=e !m a sort ( hi/orical review ( ! prophet's w>n+s 9 ! pa/1 x is evid5t t a =mal edition ( 8 utt]ances1 s f> z he 0 able to prep>e su* a "w1 w\ld n be ! mo/ natural or ready me?od ( atta9+ t purpose4 ,su* a review = practical purposes might well be compris$ )9 ! limits ( a s+le cont9u\s composition1 su* z we f9d 9 *ap4 xxv41 :i* op5s ) a brief retrospect ( ! prophet's m9i/ry dur+ tw5ty-?ree ye>s 7v]s4 #c-g71 & !n d5\nces ! neglect ) :i* 8 w>n+s h be5 receiv$1 & decl>es ! approa*+ subjugation ( all ! /ates ( ,ph5icia-,pale/9e by ! k+ ( ,babylon4 ,b ! n>rative itself gives n a s+le h9t t su* 0 ! sole object 9 view4 ,mu* r does x appe> f ! entire context t1 ! crisis hav+ at l5g? arriv$1 :i* ,j]emiah _h s long =ese51 he 0 n[ impell$ to ga!r toge!r1 ) a view to _! pres]vation1 all ^? disc\rses by :i* he _h lab\r$ 9 va9 to ov]come ! indiff]5ce1 ! call\sness1 & ! bitt] antagonism ( 8 p4 ,^! utt]ances ( ! pa/1 collect$ & revis$ 9 ! light ( successive ev5ts1 & illu/rat$ by _! sub/antial agreem5t ) :at _h actually tak5 place1 & especially by ! new dang] :i* seem$ to ?reat5 ! :ole ,we/1 ! ris+ p[] ( ,babylon1 might c]ta9ly be expect$ to produce a p[]ful impression by _! co9cid5ce ) ! national appreh5sions2 & ! prophet might ev5 hope t w>n+s1 hi!rto disreg>d$1 b n[ visibly ju/ifi$ by ev5ts 9 c\rse ( developm5t1 w\ld at la/ br+ ! h\se ( ,judah to consid] s]i\sly ! evil t1 9 ,god's ,provid5ce1 0 evid5tly imp5d+1 & return e man f 8 evil way1 t ev5 s late ! consequ5ces ( _! guilt might be turn$ aside4 ,?is d\btless 0 ! imm$iate aim1 b x does n exclude o!rs1 su* z ! v9dication ( ! prophet's own claims1 9 />tl+ contra/ ) ^? ( ! false prophets1 :o _h oppos$ him at e /ep1 & misl$ 8 c\ntrym5 s griev\sly & fatally4 ,aga9/ ^! & _! delusive promises1 ! volume ( ,j]emiah's pa/ disc\rses w\ld con/itute an effective prote/1 & a complete ju/ification ( 8 own endeav\rs4 ,we mu/ also rememb] t1 if ! rep5tance & salvation ( 8 own contempor>ies 0 naturally ! fir/ object ( ! prophet 9 all 8 und]tak+s1 9 ! ,div9e c\nsels prophecy has m ?an a tempor>y value1 & t ! writ+s ( ?is v prophet 7 de/9$ to become in/rum5tal 9 ! conv]sion ( a succe$+ g5]ation4 ,^? tw5ty-?ree ye>s ( pati5t ?\ght & e>ne/ lab\r1 ( high conv]se ) ,god1 & ( agonis$ plead+ ) a reprobate p1 7 n to be )\t _! fruit1 ?\gh ! prophet himself 0 n to see x4 ,x is matt] ( hi/ory t ! words ( ,j]emiah wr\ght ) su* p[] ^u ! he>ts ( ! exiles 9 ,babylonia1 z to become1 9 ! h&s ( ,god1 a pr9cipal means 9 ! reg5]ation ( ,israel1 & ( t re/oration :i* 0 its promis$ & its actual consequ5ce2 & f t day to ?is1 n "o ( all ! goodly fell[%ip ( ! prophets has enjoy$ su* cr$it 9 ! ,jewi% ,*ur* z he :o 9 8 lifetime _h to enc\nt] neglect & ridicule1 hatr$ & p]secution1 beyond :at is record$ ( any o!r4 ,s ,j]emiah call$ ,b>u* b5 ,n]iah2 & ,b>u* wrote1 f ! m\? ( ,j]emiah1 all ! words ( ,iahvah1 t ,he _h spok5 unto him1 ^u a book-roll 7v]4 #d74 ,no?+ is said ab\t "t2 & !re is no?+ to indicate t :at ! scribe wrote at ! prophet's dictation 0 a s+le brief disc\rse4 ,! "w probably occupi$ a n inconsid]able "t1 z may be inf]r$ f ! datum ( ! n9? v]se 7vid4 infr474 ,j]emiah w\ld "k t ha/e 0 incompatible ) lit]>y f9i%2 he w\ld probably feel t x 0 equally incompatible ) ! prop] execution ( :at he _h recognis$ z a ,div9e comm&4 ,! prophet h>dly _h all 8 pa/ utt]ances ly+ be=e him 9 ! =m ( f9i%$ compositions4 ,& ,j]emiah comm&$ ,b>u*1 say+3 ,i am deta9$ 7or conf9$72 ,i _c ent] ! h\se ( ,iahvah2 s ent] ?\1 & read 9 ! roll1 t ?\ wrote/ f my m\?1 ! words ( ,iahvah1 9 ! e>s ( ! p1 9 ! h\se ( ,iahvah1 ^u a day ( fa/+3 & also 9 ! e>s ( all ,judah 7! ,jews71 t come 9 7to ! temple7 f _! 7sev]al7 cities1 ?\ %alt read !m4 ,p]*ance _! supplication w fall be=e ,iahvah1 & !y w return1 e "o f 8 evil way2 = great is ! ang] & ! hot displeasure t ,iahvah ha? spok5 7?reat5$7 unto ?is p4 ,& ,b>u* b5 ,n]iah did accord+ to all t ,j]emiah ! prophet comm&$ him1 read+ 9 ! book ! words ( ,iahvah 9 ,iahvah's h\se4 ,?is la/ s5t5ce might be reg>d$ z a g5]al /atem5t1 anticipative ( ! detail$ acc\nt t foll[s1 z is (t5 ! case 9 ,old ,te/am5t n>ratives4 ,b ,i d\bt ! application ( ?is well-kn[n exegetical device 9 ! pres5t in/ance4 ,! v]se is m likely an int]polation2 unless we suppose t x ref]s to div]s read+s ( :i* no p>ticul>s are giv51 b :i* prec$$ ! memorable "o describ$ 9 ! foll[+ v]ses4 ,! injunction1 ,& also 9 ! e>s ( all ,judah t come out ( _! cities ?\ %alt read !m6 might imply successive read+s1 z ! p flock$ into ,j]usalem f "t to "t4 ,b ! gr& occasion1 if n ! only "o1 0 )\t d\bt t :i* /&s record$ 9 ! text4 ,& x came to pass 9 ! fif? ye> ( ,jehoiakim b5 ,josiah k+ ( ,judah1 9 ! n9? mon?1 !y proclaim$ a fa/ be=e ,iahvah1--all ! p 9 ,j]usalem & all ! p t 7 come out ( ! cities ( ,judah into ,j]usalem4 ,& ,b>u* read 9 ! book ! words ( ,j]emiah1 9 ! h\se ( ,iahvah1 9 ! cell ( ,gem>iah b5 ,%aphan ! scribe1 9 ! upp] 7inn]7 c\rt1 at ! entry ( ! new gate ( ,iahvah's h\se1 9 ! e>s ( all ! p4 ,! dates h an important be>+ ^u ! po9ts we are consid]+4 ,x 0 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim t ! prophet 0 bidd5 to commit 8 oracles to writ+4 ,if1 !n1 ! task 0 n accompli%$ be=e ! n9? mon? ( ! fif? ye>1 x is pla9 t x involv$ a good deal m ?an p5n+ su* a disc\rse z ! tw5ty-fif? *apt]4 ,?is datum1 9 fact1 /rongly fav\rs ! supposition t x 0 a record ( 8 pr9cipal utt]ances hi!rto1 t ,j]emiah ?us und]took & accompli%$4 ,x is n at all necess>y to assume t on ?is or any o!r occasion ,b>u* read ! entire cont5ts ( ! roll to 8 audi5ce 9 ! temple4 ,we are told t he read 9 ! book ! words ( ,j]emiah1 t is1 no d\bt1 "s portion ( ! :ole4 ,& s1 9 ! fam\s sc5e be=e ! k+1 x is n said t ! entire "w 0 read1 b ! contr>y is expressly relat$ 7v]4 #bc73 ,& :5 ,jehudi _h read ?ree columns or f\r1 he 7! k+7 began to cut x ) ! scribe's knife1 & to ca/ x into ! fire4 ,?ree or f\r columns ( an ord9>y roll might h conta9$ ! :ole ( ! tw5ty-fif? *apt]2 & x mu/ h be5 an unusually dim9utive docum5t1 if ! fir/ ?ree or f\r columns ( x conta9$ no m ?an ! sev5 v]ses ( *ap4 xxv4 7#c-f71 :i* decl>e ! s9 ( ,judah1 & ann\nce ! com+ ( ! k+ ( ,babylon4 ,&1 ap>t f ^! objections1 !re is no gr\nd = ! presumption t ! purport ( ! roll :i* ! k+ burnt 0 only t ! k+ ( ,babylon %\ld 'come & de/roy ?is l&4' ,z ! le>n$ critic1 f :om ,i h quot$ ^! words1 fur!r rem>ks1 ) p]fect tru?1 ,j]emiah _h utt]$ _m o!r important decl>ations 9 ! c\rse ( 8 already long m9i/ry4 ,t1 ,i grant1 is true2 b !n !re is absolutely no?+ to prove t ?is roll did n conta9 !m all4 ,*ap4 xxxvi4 #bi1 cit$ by ! objector1 is c]ta9ly n su* pro(4 ,t v]se simply gives ! angry exclamation ) :i* ! k+ int]rupt$ ! read+ ( ! roll1 ,:y ha/ ?\ writt5 ^u x1 ,! k+ ( ,babylon %all surely come & de/roy ?is l&1 & cause to cease f x man & bea/8 ,?is may h be5 no m ?an ,jehoiakim's v natural inf]5ce f "s "o ( ! _m allusions to ! enemy f ! nor?1 :i* occur 9 ! e>li] "p ( ! book ( ,j]emiah4 ,at all ev5ts1 x is evid5t t1 :e!r ! k+ ( ,babylon 0 directly m5tion$ or n 9 ! portion ( ! roll read 9 8 pres5ce1 ! v]se 9 "q assigns1 n ! sole import ( ! entire "w1 b only ! p>ticul> po9t 9 x1 :i*1 at ! exi/+ crisis1 especially r\s$ ! indignation ( ,jehoiakim4 ,! #be? *apt] may ( c\rse h be5 conta9$ 9 ! roll read be=e ! k+4 ,& ?is may suffice to %[ h[ prec>i\s are ! ass]tions ( ! le>n$ critic 9 ! ,encyclop4 ,brit4 ^u ! subject ( ,j]emiah's roll4 ,! pla9 tru? seems to be t1 p]ceiv+ ! imm95ce ( ! p]il t ?reat5$ 8 c\ntry1 ! prophet 0 impress$ ) ! conviction t n[ 0 ! "t to commit 8 pa/ utt]ances to writ+2 & t t[>ds ! end ( ! ye>1 aft] he _h =m$ & c>ri$ out ?is project1 he f\nd occasion to h 8 disc\rses read 9 ! temple1 to ! cr[ds ( rural folk :o s\ght refuge 9 ,j]usalem1 be=e ! advance ( ,nebu*adrezz>4 ,s ,josephus und]/ood ! matt] 7,ant41 x4 #f1 #b74 ,on ! approa* ( ! ,babylonians1 ,jehoiakim made 8 submission2 b only to rebel aga91 aft] ?ree ye>s ( tribute & vassalage 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #a74 ,dr\ght & failure ( ! crops aggravat$ ! political tr\bles ( ! c\ntry2 evils 9 :i* ,j]emiah 0 n sl[ to disc]n ! h& ( an (f5d$ & ali5at$ ,god4 ,h[ long1 he asks 7xii4 #d71 %all ! c\ntry m\rn1 & ! h]bage ( ! :ole field )]8 ,f ! wick$ness ( !m t dwell !re9 ! bea/s & ! birds p]i%4 ,& 9 *ap4 xiv4 we h a highly poetical description ( ! suff]+s ( ! "t4 ,judah m\rne?1 & h] gates langui%2 ,!y sit 9 black on ! gr\nd2 ,& ! outcry ( ,j]usalem ha? gone up4 ,& _! nobles1 !y s5t _! m5ial folk = wat]2 ,!y came to ! pits1 !y f\nd no wat]2 ,!y return$ ) _! vessels empty2 ,!y 7 a%am$ & conf\nd$ & cov]$ _! head4 ,on acc\nt ( ye gr\nd t is *apt1 ,= ra9 ha? n fall5 9 ! l&1 ,! pl[m5 are a%am$--!y cov] _! head4 ,= ev5 ! h9d 9 ! field-- ,%e calve? & =sake? h] "y2 ,= !re is no grass4 ,& ! wild asses1 !y /& on ! scaurs2 ,!y snuff ! w9d#ae l jackals2 ,_! eyes fail1 = !re is no h]bage4 ,& !n1 aft] ?is graphic & almo/ dramatic portrayal ( ! suff]+s ( man & bea/1 9 ! bl9d+ gl>e ( ! t[ns1 & 9 ! hot wat]less pla9s1 & on ! b>e hills1 "u t burn+ sky1 ^: cl\dless spl5d\rs seem$ to mock _! mis]y1 ! prophet prays to ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,if our misde$s answ] aga9/ u1 ,o ,iahvah1 "w = ,?y "n sake6 ,v]ily1 our fall+s away are _m2 ,t[>ds !e we are 9 fault4 ,hope ( ,israel1 t save/ him 9 "t ( tr\ble6 ,:y %\ld/ ?\ be z a soj\rn] 9 ! l&1 ,& z a travell]1 t turne? aside to pass ! night8 ,:y %\ld/ ?\ be z a man /rick5 dumb1 ,z a *ampion t _c save8 ,yet ,?\ art 9 our mid/1 ,o ,iahvah1 ,& ,?y "n is call$ ov] u3 ,leave u n6 ,& aga91 at ! end ( ! *apt]1 ,ha/ ,?\ :olly reject$ ,judah8 ,ha? ,?y s\l loa!d ,zion8 ,:y ha/ ,?\ smitt5 u1 ,t !re is no heal+ = u8 ,we look$ = welf>e1 b bootlessly1 ,= a "t ( heal+1 & behold t]ror6 ,we "k1 ,iahvah1 our wick$ness1 ! guilt ( our fa!rs3 ,v]ily1 we are 9 fault t[>d ,!e6 ,be n scornful1 = ,?y "n's sake6 ,di%on\r n ,?y glori\s ?rone6 i4e4 ,j]usalem4 ,rememb]1 break n ,?y cov5ant ) u6 ,among ! ,vanities ( ! nations are !re inde$ ra+iv]s8 ,or ! heav5s1 c !y yield %[]s8 ,art n ,?\ ,he 7t doe? ?is71 ,iahvah our ,god8 ,& we wait = ,!e1 ,= 'tis ,?\ t made/ all ?is _w4 ,9 ^! & ! l pa!tic outp\r+s1 :i* meet u 9 ! lat] portions ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 we may obs]ve ! gradual developm5t ( ! dialect ( /at$ pray]2 ! beg9n+s & ! gr[? ( t beautiful & appropriate liturgical language 9 :i* bo? ! synagogue & ! *ur* aft]w>ds f\nd s p]fect an in/rum5t = ! expression ( all ! h>monies ( wor%ip4 ,pray]1 bo? public & private1 0 de/9$ to assume an increas+ importance1 &1 aft] ! de/ruction ( temple & alt>1 & ! =cible removal ( ! p to a hea!n l&1 to become ! pr9cipal means ( communion ) ,god4 ,! evils ( dr\ght & de>? appe> to h be5 accompani$ by inroads ( =eign enemies1 :o took advantage ( ! exi/+ di/ress to rob & plund] at w4 ,?is s]i\s aggravation ( ! national tr\bles is record$ 9 *ap4 xii4 #g-ag4 ,!re x is said1 9 ! "n ( ,god1 ,i h left ,my h\se1 ,i h ca/ (f ,my h]itage2 ,i h giv5 ! ,d>l+ ( ,my s\l into ! h&s ( h] enemies4 ,! reason is ,judah's fi]ce ho/ility to h] ,div9e ,ma/]3 ,l a lion 9 ! =e/ %e ha? utt]$ a cry aga9/ ,me4 ,! result ( ?is unnatural rebellion is se5 9 ! ravages ( lawless invad]s1 probably nomads ( ! des]t1 always wat*+ _! opportunity1 & gre$y ( ! weal?1 :ile disda9ful ( ! pursuits ( _! civilis$ neighb\rs4 ,x is z if all ! wild bea/s1 t roam at l>ge 9 ! op5 c\ntry1 _h conc]t$ a unit$ attack ^u ! devot$ l&2 z if _m %eph]ds ) _! innum]able flocks _h eat5 b>e & trodd5 d[n ! v9ey>d ( ! ,"l4 ,ov] all ! bald crags 9 ! wild]ness freeboot]s 7,obad4 #e7 are come2 = a sword ( ,iahweh's is dev\r+3 f l&'s end to l&'s end no fle% ha? security 7v]4 #ab74 ,! rapaci\s & hea!ni% hordes ( ! des]t1 m]e human wolves int5t on ravage & slaught]1 are a sword ( ! ,"l's1 = ! *a/isem5t ( ,8 p2 j z ! k+ ( ,babylon is ,8 s]vant = ! same purpose4 ,only t5 v]ses ( ! book ( ,k+s are occupi$ ) ! reign ( ,jehoiakim 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #cd-xxiv4 #f72 & :5 we comp>e t fly+ sket* ) ! allusions 9 ,j]emiah1 we _c b ke5ly regret ! loss ( t ,book ( ! *ronicles ( ! k+s ( ,judah1 to :i* ! compil] ( ,k+s ref]s z 8 au?ority4 ,_h t "w surviv$1 _m ?+s 9 ! prophets1 :i* are n[ obscure & baffl+1 w\ld h be5 cle> & obvi\s4 ,z x is1 we are (t5 oblig$ to be cont5t$ ) surmises & probabilities1 :]e c]ta9ty w\ld be "r welcome4 ,9 ! pres5t in/ance1 ! facts allud$ to by ! prophet appe> to be includ$ 9 ! /atem5t t ! ,"l s5t aga9/ ,jehoiakim b&s ( ,*aldeans1 & b&s ( ,arameans1 & b&s ( ,moabites1 & b&s ( b5 ,ammon4 ,! ,hebrew t]m implies m>aud+ or pr$atory b&s1 r ?an regul> armies1 & x ne$ n be suppos$ t !y all fell ^u ! c\ntry at ! same "t or 9 accordance ) any preconc]t$ s*eme4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ^! tr\bles1 ,jehoiakim di$ 9 ! fl[] ( 8 age1 hav+ reign$ no m ?an elev5 ye>s1 & be+ only ?irty-six ye>s old 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #cf74 ,! prophet ?us alludes to 8 untimely end4 ,l ! p>tridge t sitte? on eggs t %e ha? n laid1 s is he t make? ri*es1 & n by "r3 9 ! mid/ ( 8 days !y leave him2 & 9 8 la/ end he prove? a fool 7xvii4 #aa74 ,we h already consid]$ ! detail$ condemnation ( ?is evil k+ 9 ! #bbnd *apt]4 ,! prophet ,habakkuk1 a contempor>y ( ,j]emiah1 seems to h _h ,jehoiakim 9 8 m9d's eye1 :5 d5\nc+ 7ii4 #i7 woe to "o t gette? an evil ga9 = 8 h\se1 t he may set 8 ne/ on high1 t he may escape f ! h& ( evil6 ,! allusion is to ! =c$ lab\r on 8 new palace1 & on ! def5ces ( ,j]usalem1 z well z to ! f9es & pres5ts ( money1 :i* ?is oppressive rul] %amelessly extort$ f 8 unhappy subjects4 ,! /one out ( ! wall1 says ! prophet1 crie? out2 & ! beam out ( ! woodwork answ]e? x4 ,! premature dea? ( ! tyrant remov$ a s]i\s ob/acle f ! pa? ( ,j]emiah4 ,no long] =c$ to ex]cise a w>y vigilance 9 avoid+ ! v5geance ( a k+ ^: passions det]m9$ 8 conduct1 ! prophet c\ld n[ devote himself he>t & s\l to ! "w ( 8 (fice4 ,! public dang]1 imm95t f ! nor?1 & ! way to av]t x1 is ! subject ( ! disc\rses ( ?is p]iod ( 8 m9i/ry4 ,8 unqu5*able fai? appe>s 9 ! beautiful pray] app5d$ to 8 reflexions ^u ! dea? ( ,jehoiakim 7xvii4 #ab sqq474 ,we _c mi/ake ! tone ( quiet exultation1 ) :i* he expresses 8 s5se ( ! absolute righte\sness ( ! cata/rophe4 ,a ?rone ( glory1 a height high] ?an ! fir/ 7871 7or1 high] ?an any be=e7 is ! place ( our sanctu>y4 ,nev] be=e 9 ! prophet's exp]i5ce has ! ,god ( ,israel s cle>ly v9dicat$ t ju/ice :i* is ! inali5able attribute ( ,8 dread tribunal4 ,= himself1 ! imm$iate result ( ?is r5ewal ( an activity t _h be5 m or less susp5d$1 0 p]secution & ev5 viol5ce4 ,! e>ne/ness ) :i* he bes\ght ! p to hone/ly keep ! law ( ! ,sabba?1 an obligation :i* 0 recognis$ 9 !ory ?\gh disreg>d$ 9 practice2 & 8 /rik+ illu/ration ( ! true relations betwe5 ,iahvah & ,israel z p>allel to ^? t hold betwe5 ! pott] & ! clay 7*ap4 xvii4 #ai sqq471 only br\ght d[n ^u him ! fi]ce ho/ility & organis$ opposition ( ! false prophets1 & ! prie/s1 & ! cr$ul\s & self-will$ populace1 z we read 9 *ap4 xviii4 #ah sqq4 ,& !y said1 ,come1 & let u contrive plots aga9/ ,j]emiah4444 ,come1 & let u smite him ) ! tongue1 & let u n li/5 to any ( 8 words4 ,%\ld evil be repaid = good1 t !y h digg$ a pit = my life8 ,& aft] 8 solemn te/imony be=e ! eld]s 9 ! valley ( ,b5-,h9nom1 & be=e ! p g5]ally1 9 ! c\rt ( ! ,"l's h\se 7*ap4 xix471 ! prophet 0 seiz$ by ord] ( ,pa%*r1 ! comm&ant ( ! temple1 :o 0 himself a lead+ false prophet1 & cruelly beat51 & set 9 ! /ocks = a day & a night4 ,t ! _s ( ! prophet 0 n brok5 by ?is %ameful treatm5t1 is evid5t f ! c\rage ) :i* he confront$ 8 oppressor on ! morr[1 & =etold 8 c]ta9 puni%m5t4 ,b ! app>5t failure ( 8 mission1 ! hopelessness ( 8 life's lab\r1 indicat$ by ! deep5+ ho/ility ( ! p1 & ! read9ess to proce$ to extremities aga9/ him ?us ev9c$ by _! lead]s1 wrung f ,j]emiah t bitt] cry ( despair1 :i* has prov$ su* a /umbl+-block to "s ( 8 mod]n apologi/s4 ,soon ! prophet's fe>s 7 realis$1 & ! ,div9e c\nsel1 ( :i* he alone _h be5 cognisant1 0 fulfill$4 ,)9 ?ree %ort mon?s ( 8 accession to ! ?rone1 ! boy-k+ ,jeconiah 7or ,jehoia*9 or ,coniah71 ) ! que5-"m1 ! gr&ees ( ! c\rt1 & ! pick ( ! population ( ! capital1 0 c>ri$ captive to ,babylon by ,nebu*adrezz> 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #h sqq42 ,j]4 xxiv4 #a74 ,j]emiah has app5d$ 8 =eca/ ( ! fate ( ,jeconiah1 & a brief notice ( its fulfilm5t1 to 8 d5unciations ( t k+'s pr$ecessors 7xxii4 #bd sqq474 ,z ,i live1 sai? ,iahvah1 v]ily1 ?\gh ,coniah b5 ,jehoiakim k+ ( ,judah be a signet r+ ^u ,my own "r h&1 v]ily !nce w ,i pluck !e away6 ,& ,i w give !e into ! h& ( !m t seek ?y life1 & into ! h& ( ^? ( :om ?\ art afraid2 & into ! h& ( ,nebu*adrezz> k+ ( ,babel1 & into ! h& ( ! ,*aldeans4 ,& ,i w ca/ !e =?1 & ?y "m t b>e !e1 into ! =eign l&1 :]e9 ye 7 n born2 & !re ye %all die4 ,b unto ! l& :i!r !y long to return1 ?i!r %all !y n return4 ,is ?is man ,coniah a despis$ brok5 vase1 or a vessel devoid ( *>m8 ,:y 7 he & 8 (fspr+ ca/ =?1 & hurl$ into ! l& t !y knew n8 ,o l&1 l&1 l&1 he> ?\ ! ^w ( ,iahvah4 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said1 ,write ye d[n ?is man *ildless1 a p]son t %all n prosp] 9 8 days3 = none ( 8 (fspr+ %all prosp]1 sitt+ on ! ?rone ( ,david1 & rul+ aga9 9 ,judah4 ,no bett] success att5d$ ! prophet's m9i/ry "u ! new k+ ,z$ekiah1 :om ,nebu*adrezz> _h plac$ on ! ?rone z 8 vassal & tribut>y4 ,s f> z we c judge f ! acc\nts left u1 ,z$ekiah 0 a wellmean+ b un/able "*1 ^: weakness & irresolution 7 too (t5 play$ ^u by unscrupul\s & s*em+ c\rti]s1 to ! fatal misc>riage ( "r & ju/ice4 ,soon ! old intrigues began aga91 & 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ! new reign 7xxviii4 #a7 envoys f ! neighb\r-/ates arriv$ at ! ,jewi% c\rt1 ) ! object ( draw+ ,judah into a coalition aga9/ ! common suz]a91 ! k+ ( ,babylon4 ,?is suicidal policy ( comb9ation ) hea!ni% & trea*]\s allies1 mo/ ( :om 7 ! heirs ( immemorial feuds ) ,judah1 aga9/ a sov]eign :o 0 at once ! mo/ p[]ful & ! mo/ enlight5$ ( 8 "t1 call$ =? ! prophet's imm$iate & /r5u\s opposition4 ,boldly affirm+ t ,iahvah _h conf]r$ univ]sal dom9ion ^u ,nebu*adrezz>1 & t consequ5tly all resi/ance 0 futile1 he w>n$ ,z$ekiah himself to b[ 8 neck to ! yoke1 & dismiss all ?\ght ( rebellion4 ,x w\ld seem t ab\t ?is "t 7circ4 #eif ,b4,c47 ! empire ( ,babylon 0 pass+ ?r\gh a s]i\s crisis1 :i* ! subject peoples ( ! ,we/ hop$ & expect$ w\ld result 9 its spe$y dissolution4 ,nebu*adrezz> 01 9 fact1 engag$ 9 a life-&-dea? /ruggle ) ! ,m$es2 & ! k t ! ,great ,k+ 0 ?us fully occupi$ else:]e1 enc\rag$ ! petty pr9ces ( ,ph5icia-,pale/9e 9 _! projects ( revolt4 ,if *aps4 l41 li41 are g5u9e1 x 0 at ?is juncture t ,j]emiah =etold ! fall ( ,babylon2 =1 at ! close ( ! prophecy 9 "q 7li4 #ei71 x is said t he gave a copy ( x to "o ( ! pr9ces :o accompani$ ,z$ekiah to ,babylon 9 ! f\r? ye> ( 8 reign1 i4e4 9 #eif ,b4,c4 ,b ! /yle & ?\ght ( ^! two *apt]s1 & ! g5]al po/ure ( ?+s :i* !y presuppose1 are decisive aga9/ ! view t !y belong to ,j]emiah4 ,at all ev5ts ! prophet gave ! cle>e/ evid5ce t he did n himself %>e 9 ! g5]al delusion t ! fall ( ,babylon 0 ne> at h&4 ,he decl>$ t all ! nations mu/ be cont5t to s]ve ,nebu*adrezz>1 & 8 son1 & 8 son's son 7xxvii4 #g72 & z *ap4 xxix4 %[s1 he did 8 be/ to c\nt]act ! evil influ5ce ( ^? fanatical vision>ies1 :o 7 ev] promis+ a spe$y re/oration to ! exiles :o _h be5 deport$ to ,babylon ) ,jeconiah4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 9 spite ( all ,j]emiah's w>n+s & entreaties1 ! vacillat+ k+ ,z$ekiah1 0 p]suad$ to rebel2 & ! natural consequ5ce foll[$--! ,*aldeans appe>$ be=e ,j]usalem4 ,k+ & p _h refus$ salvation1 & 7 n[ no m to be sav$4 ,dur+ ! siege1 ! prophet 0 m ?an once anxi\sly consult$ by ! k+ z to ! issue ( ! crisis4 ,al?\gh kept 9 w>d by ,z$ekiah's ord]s1 le/ he %\ld weak5 ! def5ce by 8 disc\rag+ addresses1 ,j]emiah %[$ t he 0 f> above ! feel+ ( private ill-w1 by ! answ]s he return$ to 8 sov]eign's inquiries4 ,x is true t he did n at all modify ! burd5 ( 8 message2 to ! k+ z to ! p he /eadily c\nsell$ surr5d]4 ,b /rongly z he d5\nc$ fur!r resi/ance1 he did n pr$ict ! k+'s dea?2 & ! tone ( 8 prophecy conc]n+ ,z$ekiah is 9 /rik+ contra/ ) t conc]n+ 8 pr$ecessor ,jehoiakim4 ,x 0 9 ! t5? ye> ( ,z$ekiah & ! eighte5? ( ,nebu*adrezz>1 t is to say1 circ4 #ehi ,b4,c41 :5 ,j]emiah 0 imprison$ 9 ! c\rt ( ! royal gu>d1 )9 ! prec9cts ( ! palace 7xxxii4 #a sqq472 :5 ! siege ( ,j]usalem 0 be+ press$ on ) vig\r1 & :5 ( all ! /rong cities ( ,judah1 only two1 ,la*i% & ,azekah1 7 /ill hold+ out aga9/ ! ,*aldean blockade2 t ! prophet ?us address$ ! k+ 7xxxiv4 #b sqq473 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said1 ,behold1 ,i am ab\t to give ?is city into ! h& ( ! k+ ( ,babel1 & he %all burn x ) fire4 ,& ?\ wilt n escape out ( 8 h&2 = ?\ wilt c]ta9ly be tak51 & into 8 h& ?\ wilt be giv54 ,& ?9e eyes %all see ! k+ ( ,babel's eyes1 & 8 m\? %all speak ) ?y m\?1 & to ,babel wilt ?\ come4 ,b he> ?\ ,iahvah's ^w1 ,o ,z$ekiah k+ ( ,judah6 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said ^u !e1 ,?\ wilt n die by ! sword4 ,9 peace wilt ?\ die2 & ) ! burn+s ( ?y fa!rs1 ! =m] k+s t 7 be=e !e1 s w m5 burn 7spic]y7 = !e1 & ) ,ah1 ,"l6 w !y wail = !e2 = a promise h ,i giv51 sai? ,iahvah4 ,z$ekiah 0 to be exempt$ f ! viol5t dea?1 :i* !n seem$ s probable2 & 0 to enjoy ! fun]al hon\rs ( a k+1 unlike 8 less wor?y bro!r ,jehoiakim1 ^: body 0 ca/ out to decay unburi$ l t ( a bea/4 ,! failure ( ,j]emiah's e>ne/ & consi/5t endeav\rs to br+ ab\t ! submission ( 8 p to :at he =esaw to be _! inevitable de/9y1 is expla9$ by ! popul> confid5ce 9 ! def5ces ( ,j]usalem1 :i* 7 enorm\sly /rong = ! "t1 & 7 consid]$ impregnable 7xxi4 #ac72 & by ! hopes ent]ta9$ t ,egypt1 ) :om negotiations _h long be5 9 progress1 w\ld raise ! siege ere x 0 too late4 ,! l[ /ate ( public morals is vividly illu/rat$ by an incid5t :i* ! prophet has record$ 7*ap4 xxxiv4 #g sqq474 ,9 ! t]ror inspir$ by ! approa* ( ! ,*aldeans1 ! panic-/rick5 populace ( ! capital be?\ght !m ( t law ( _! ,god1 :i* !y _h s long set at n\ght2 & ! k+ & 8 pr9ces & ! entire p b\nd !mselves by a solemn cov5ant 9 ! temple1 to release all slaves ( ,israeliti% bir?1 :o _h s]v$ six ye>s & upw>ds1 accord+ to ! law4 ,! enfran*isem5t 0 accompli%$ ) all ! sanctions ( law & ( religion2 b no soon] _h ! ,*aldeans retir$ f be=e ,j]usalem 9 ord] to meet ! advanc+ army ( ,egypt1 ?an ! solemn cov5ant 0 cynically & %amelessly violat$1 & ! unhappy fre$m5 7 recall$ to _! bondage4 ,aft] ?is1 fur!r w>n+ 0 evid5tly out ( place2 & no?+ 0 left = ,j]emiah b to d5\nce ! outrage ^u ! maje/y ( heav51 & to decl>e ! spe$y return ( ! besieg]s1 & ! desolation ( ,j]usalem4 ,8 own lib]ty _h n yet be5 re/rict$ 7xxxvii4 #d7 :5 ^! ev5ts happ5$2 b a pretext 0 soon f\nd = v5t+ ^u him ! malice ( 8 enemies4 ,aft] assur+ ! k+ t ! respite 0 n to be p]man5t1 b t ,ph>aoh's army w\ld return to ,egypt )\t accompli%+ any deliv]ance1 & t ! ,*aldeans w\ld come aga91 & fight aga9/ ! city1 & take x1 & burn x ) fire 7xxxvii4 #h71 ,j]emiah avail$ himself ( ! tempor>y abs5ce ( ! besieg+ =ces1 to attempt to leave 8 ,city ( ,de/ruction2 b he 0 arre/$ 9 ! gate by :i* he 0 go+ out1 & br\ght be=e ! pr9ces on a *>ge ( attempt$ des]tion to ! enemy4 ,ridicul\s z 0 ?is accusation1 :5 ?us levell$ aga9/ "o ^: :ole life 0 conspicu\s = suff]+s entail$ by a l(ty & unfl9*+ patriotism & a devotion1 at ! "t almo/ unique1 to ! sacr$ cause ( religion & morality2 x 0 at once receiv$ & act$ ^u4 ,j]emiah 0 beat5 & ?r[n into a dungeon1 :]e he langui%$ = a long "t 9 subt]ranean d>kness & mis]y1 until ! k+ desir$ to consult him aga94 ,?is 0 ! sav+ ( ! prophet's life2 = aft] once m decl>+ 8 unalt]able message1 1 ,into ! k+ ( ,babel's h& ?\ wilt be giv56 he made indignant prote/ aga9/ 8 cruel wrongs1 & obta9$ f ,z$ekiah "s mitigation ( 8 s5t5ce4 ,he 0 n s5t back to ! loa?some d5 "u ! h\se ( ,jona?an ! scribe1 9 ^: d>k recesses he _h well nigh p]i%$ 7xxxvii4 #bj71 b 0 deta9$ 9 ! c\rt ( ! gu>d1 receiv+ a daily dole ( bread = 8 ma9t5ance4 ,"h he appe>s to h /ill us$ su* opportunity z he _h1 9 dissuad+ ! p f cont9u+ ! def5ce4 ,at all ev5ts1 f\r ( ! pr9ces induc$ ! k+ to deliv] him into _! p[]1 on ! gr\nd t he weak5$ ! h&s ( ! m5 ( w>1 & s\ght n ! welf>e b ! hurt ( ! nation 7xxxviii4 #d74 ,unwill+ = "s reason or o!r1 probably a sup]/iti\s "o1 to imbrue _! h&s 9 ! prophet's blood1 !y let him d[n ) cords into a miry ci/]n 77 9 ! c\rt ( ! gu>d1 & left him !re to die ( cold & hung]4 ,timely help sanction$ by ! k+ rescu$ ,j]emiah f ?is horrible fate2 b n be=e he _h und]gone suff]+s ( ! sev]e/ "*1 z may easily be und]/ood f 8 own simple n>rative1 & f ! indelible impression wr\ght ^u o!rs by ! record ( 8 suff]+s1 :i* l$ ! poet ( ! ,lam5tations to ref] to ?is "t ( deadly p]il1 & torture bo? m5tal & physical1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 ,!y *as$ me sore l a bird1 ,!y t 7 my foes )\t a cause4 ,!y sil5c$ my life 9 ! pit1 ,& !y ca/ a /one ^u me4 ,wat]s ov]fl[$ m9e head2 ,me?\ght1 ,i am cut (f4 ,i call$ ,?y "n1 ,iahvah1 ,out ( ! deepe/ pit4 ,my voice ,?\ he>de/ 7say+71 ',hide n ,?9e e> at my brea?+1 at my cry4' ,?\ drewe/ ne> :5 ,i call$ ,!e2 ,?\ said/1 ',fe> n'6 ,?\ plead$/1 ,o ,"l1 my s\ls plead+s2 ,?\ ransom$/ my life4 ,aft] ?is signal escape1 ,j]emiah's c\nsel 0 once m s\ght by ! k+1 9 a secret int]view1 :i* 0 jeal\sly conceal$ f ! pr9ces4 ,b nei!r entreaties1 nor assurances ( safety1 c\ld p]suade ,z$ekiah to surr5d] ! city4 ,no?+ 0 n[ left = ! prophet1 b to await1 9 8 mild] captivity1 ! long =ese5 cata/rophe4 ,! =m n[ tak5 by 8 solit>y mus+s 0 n anxi\s speculation ^u ! "q :e!r any possible res\rces 7 z yet unexhau/$1 :e!r by any yet untri$ means k+ & p might be conv9c$1 & ! end av]t$4 ,tak+ t end = grant$1 he looks =? beyond 8 own captivity1 beyond ! sc5es ( fam9e & pe/il5ce & blood%$ t surr\nd him1 beyond ! /rife ( factions )9 ! city1 & ! l9es ( ! besieg]s )\t x1 to a fair prospect ( happy re/oration & smil+ peace1 res]v$ = 8 ru9$ c\ntry 9 ! f>-(f yet ev]-approa*+ future 7xxxii41 xxxiii474 ,/rong 9 ?is inspir$ confid5ce1 l ! ,roman :o pur*as$ at its full m>ket value ! gr\nd on :i* ! army ( ,hannibal lay encamp$1 he did n hesitate to buy1 ) all due =malities ( transf]1 a field 9 8 native place1 at ?is supreme mom5t1 :5 ! :ole c\ntry 0 wa/$ ) fire & sword1 & ! artill]y ( ! foe 0 ?und]+ at ! walls ( ,j]usalem4 ,& ! ev5t prov$ t he 0 "r4 ,he believ$ 9 ! dep? ( 8 he>t t ,god _h n f9ally ca/ (f ,8 p4 ,he believ$ t no?+1 n ev5 human error & revolt1 c\ld ?w>t & turn aside ! ,et]nal purposes4 ,he 0 sure--x 0 demon/rat$ to him by ! exp]i5ce ( an ev5tful life--t1 amid all ! vicissitudes ( m5 & ?+s1 "o ?+ /&s immutable1 & t is ! w ( ,god4 ,he 0 sure t ,abraham's family _h n become a nation1 m]ely 9 ord] to be blott$ out ( exi/5ce by a conqu]or :o knew n ,iahvah2 t ! tor* ( a true religion1 a spiritual fai?1 _h n be5 h&$ on f prophet to prophet1 burn+ 9 its onw>d c\rse ) an ev] cle>] & int5s] flame1 m]ely to be swall[$ up be=e its f9al glory 0 atta9$1 9 utt] & et]nal d>kness4 ,! cov5ant ) ,israel w\ld no m be brok5 ?an ! cov5ant ( day & night 7xxxiii4 #bj74 ,! laws ( ! natural _w are n m /able & secure ?an ^? ( ! spiritual realm2 = bo? h _! reason & _! gr\nd ( preval5ce 9 ! ,w ( ! ,"o ,un*angeable ,"l ( all4 ,& z ! prophet _h be5 "r 9 8 =eca/ ( ! de/ruction ( 8 c\ntry1 s did he prove to h be5 "r 9 8 joyful anticipation ( ! future r5asc5ce ( all ! be/ elem5ts 9 ,israel's life4 ,! com+ "t fulfill$ 8 ^w2 a fact :i* mu/ always rema9 unacc\ntable to all b ^? :o believe z ,j]emiah believ$4 ,aft] ! fall ( ! city1 special c>e 0 tak5 to ensure ! safety ( ,j]emiah1 9 accordance ) ! express ord]s ( ,nebu*adrezz>1 :o _h become cognisant ( ! prophet's consi/5t advocacy ( surr5d]1 probably f ! exiles previ\sly deport$ to ,babylonia1 ) :om ,j]emiah _h ma9ta9$ communications1 advis+ !m to settle d[n peaceably1 accept+ ,babylon z _! c\ntry = ! "t be+1 & pray+ = its welf>e & t ( its rul]s4 ,nebuz>adan1 ! comm&]-9-*ief1 fur!r all[$ ! prophet 8 *oice betwe5 foll[+ him to ,babylon1 or rema9+ ) ! wreck ( ! population 9 ! ru9$ c\ntry4 ,patriotism1 :i* 9 8 case 0 id5tifi$ ) a burn+ zeal = ! moral & spiritual welf>e ( 8 fell[-c\ntrym51 prevail$ ov] reg>d = 8 own worldly int]e/s2 & ,j]emiah *ose to rema9 ) ! survivors--disa/r\sly = himself1 z ! ev5t prov$ 7xxxix4 #b1 xl4 #a74 ,an old man1 worn out ) /rife & /ruggle1 & weigh$ d[n by disappo9tm5t & ! s5se ( failure1 he might well h decid$ to avail himself ( ! fav\r ext5d$ to him by ! conqu]or1 & to secure a peaceful end = a life ( /orm & conflict4 ,b ! calamities ( 8 c\ntry _h n qu5*$ 8 prophetic ard\r2 ! sacr$ fire /ill burnt )9 8 ag$ _s2 & once m he sacrific$ himself to ! "w he felt call$ ^u to d1 only to exp]i5ce aga9 ! futility ( (f]+ wise c\nsel to head/rong1 pr\d1 & fanatical natures4 ,aga9/ 8 e>ne/ prote/ations1 he 0 =c$ to accompany ! remnant ( 8 p 9 _! ha/y flight into ,egypt 7xlii472 &1 9 ! la/ glimpse af=d$ u1 we see him !re among 8 fell[-exiles mak+ a f9al1 & alas6 ineffectual prote/ aga9/ _! /ubborn idolatry 7xliv474 ,a tradition m5tion$ by ,t]tullian & ,/4 ,j]ome :i* may be ( e>li] & ,jewi% orig91 /ates t ^! apo/ates 9 _! wick$ rage aga9/ ! prophet /on$ him to dea? 7cf4 ,heb4 xi4 #cg74 ,! la/ *apt] ( 8 book br+s ! c\rse ( ev5ts d[n to ab\t #efa ,b4,c4 ,! fact has naturally sugge/$ a conjecture t ! same ye> witness$ ! close ( ! prophet's life4 ,9 t case1 ,j]emiah mu/ h atta9$ to an age ( some:]e ab\t n9ety ye>s2 :i*1 tak+ all ! circum/ances into consid]ation1 is h>dly cr$ible4 ,a celibate life is said to be unfav\rable to longevity2 b h[ev] t may be1 ! o!r conditions 9 ?is in/ance make x extremely unlikely4 ,j]emiah's c>e] 0 a vex$ & /ormy "o2 x 0 8 fate to be divid$ f 8 k9dr$ & 8 fell[-c\ntrym5 by ! wide/ & deepe/ diff]5ces ( belief2 l ,/4 ,a?anasius1 he 0 call$ ^u to ma9ta9 ! cause ( tru? aga9/ an oppos+ _w4 ,woe's me1 my "m6 he cries1 9 "o ( 8 *>act]i/ic fits ( despond5cy1 :i* 7 ! natural fruit ( a passionate & almo/ fem99e nature1 aft] a p]iod ( noble ef=t end+ 9 ! %ame ( utt] defeat2 ,woe's me1 t ?\ gave/ me bir?1 a man ( /rife1 & a man ( cont5tion to all ! l&6 ,nei!r l5d] nor borr[] h ,i be52 yet all are curs+ me 7xv4 #aj74 ,! p]secutions he endur$1 ! cruelties ( 8 long imprisonm5t1 ! horrors ( ! protract$ siege1 ^u :i* he has n dwelt at l5g?1 b :i* h /amp$ !mselves indelibly ^u 8 language 7xviii4 #ba1 #bb1 xx4 #af71 w\ld c]ta9ly n t5d to prolong 8 life4 ,9 ! #ga/ ,psalm1 :i* seems to be f 8 p51 & :i* wants ! usual head+ ,a ,psalm ( ,david1 he speaks ( himself z consci\s ( fail+ p[]s1 & z hav+ already rea*$ ! extreme limit ( age4 ,writ+ aft] 8 n>r[ escape f dea? 9 ! miry ci/]n ( 8 prison1 he prays ,ca/ me n (f 9 ! "t ( old age2 ,=sake me n1 :5 my /r5g? faile?4 ,& aga91 ,yea1 ev5 :5 ,i am old & grey-head$1 ,o ,god =sake me n6 ,&1 ref]r+ to 8 signal deliv]ance1 ,?\ t %ew$/ me _m & sore tr\bles1 ,?\ make/ me live aga92 ,& out ( ! deeps ( ! e>? aga9 ,?\ br+e/ me up4 ,! allusion 9 ! #ij? ,psalm1 z well z ! case ( ,b>zillai1 :o is describ$ z extremely old & decrepit at f\rscore 7#b ,sam4 xix4 #cc71 proves t life 9 anci5t ,pale/9e did n ord9>ily transc5d ! limits ( sev5ty to eighty ye>s4 ,/ill1 aft] all t may be urg$ to ! contr>y1 ,j]emiah may h be5 an exception to 8 contempor>ies 9 ?is1 z 9 mo/ o!r respects4 ,inde$1 8 protract$ lab\rs & suff]+s seem almo/ to imply t he 0 end[$ ) con/itutional vig\r & p[]s ( endurance above ! av]age ( m52 & if1 z "s suppose1 he wrote ! book ( ,job 9 ,egypt1 to embody ! fruits ( 8 life's exp]i5ce & reflexion1 z well z arrang$ & edit$ 8 o!r writ+s1 x is evid5t t he mu/ h soj\rn$ among ! exiles 9 t c\ntry = a consid]able "t4 ,! tale is told4 ,9 meagre & brok5 outl9e ,i h laid be=e y ! kn[n facts ( a life :i* mu/ always possess p]man5t int]e/1 n only = ! /ud5t ( religi\s developm5t1 b = all m5 :o are /irr$ by human passion1 & /imulat$ by human ?\ght4 ,& fully consci\s z ,i am ( failure 9 ! attempt to reanimate ! dry bones ( hi/ory1 to give =m & col\r & movem5t to ! %ad[s ( ! pa/2 ,i %all n h sp5t my pa9s = n\ght1 if ,i h awak5$ 9 a s+le he>t "s sp>k ( liv+ int]e/ 9 ! h]oes ( old2 "s en?usiasm = ! m>tyrs ( fai?2 "s secret ye>n+ to ca/ 9 _! own lot ) ^? :o h f\ght ! battle ( tru? & righte\sness & to %>e ) ! sa9ts dep>t$ 9 ! victory t ov]come? ! _w4 ,& ev5 if 9 ?is also ,i h fall5 %ort ( ! m>k1 ^! desultory & imp]fect sket*es ( a good man's life & "w w n h be5 :olly b>r5 ( result1 if !y lead any "o ( my read]s to r5ew$ /udy ( t truly sacr$ text :i* pres]ves to all "t ! liv+ utt]ances ( ?is la/ ( ! great] prophets4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,! same root is us$ 9 ! ,t>g4 on i4 #ae = sett+ or fix+ ?rones1 cf4 ,dan4 vii4 #i3 77 #b ,clem4 ,alex41 ,/rom41 ,i41 #abj4 #c ,at lea/ sev5 times4 #d ,hitzig4 #e i4 #f4 #f i4 #b1 xxv4 #c4 #g pu]2 7#a7 ,ex4 ii4 #f1 ( a ?ree mon?s' babe2 7#b7 ( a "y man up to ab\t ! tw5tie? ye>1 ,g54 xxxiv4 #ai1 ( ,%e*em b5 ,hamor2 #a ,k+s iii4 #g1 ( ,solomon1 z "h4 #h ,hitzig1 ,vorbem]kung54 #i ,! ,cimm]ians are ! ,gom] ( ,scripture1 ! ,gimirr'a ( ! cunei=m inscriptions4 #aj ,ewald1 ,die ,psalm51 #afe4 #aa ,zeph4 ii4 #d sqq41 444 #ab 1 #b ,k+s xxii4 #h2 1 #b ,k+s xxiii4 #b4 #ac ,comp>+ ! ,hebrew v]b ) ! ,arabic ,arabic3 9999 timuit1 fa/idivit4 ,,lxx41 1 ,cf4 ,j]4 iii4 #ad4 ,ges5ius r5d]$ fa/idivit1 rejecit4 #ad ,s rightly ! ,syriac1 = ,jehoiakim4 #ae i4e4 ,to sc5t food af> (f1 l bea/s ( prey4 ,!re 0 no occasion to alt] ,a4,v4 ,i4 ,,! ,,call ,,& ,,consecration4 ,9 ! =ego+ pages we h consid]$ ! pr9cipal ev5ts 9 ! life ( ! prophet ,j]emiah1 by way ( introduction to ! m detail$ /udy ( 8 writ+s4 ,prep>ation ( ?is k9d seem$ to be necess>y1 if we 7 to ent] ^u t /udy ) some?+ m ?an ! vague/ p]ception ( ! real p]sonality ( ! prophet4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,i hope we %all n fail to f9d our m5tal image ( ! man1 & our conception ( ! times 9 :i* he liv$1 & ( ! conditions "u :i* he lab\r$ z a s]vant ( ,god1 correct$ & p]fect$ by t clos] exam9ation ( 8 works to :i* ,i n[ invite y4 ,& s we %all be bett] equipp$ = ! atta9m5t ( t :i* mu/ be ! ultimate object ( all su* /udies2 ! deep5+ & /r5g!n+ ( ! life ( fai? 9 ourselves1 by :i* alone we c hope to foll[ 9 ! /eps ( ! sa9ts ( old1 & l !m to realise ! great end ( our be+1 ! s]vice ( ! ,all-,p]fect4 ,i %all consid] ! v>i\s disc\rses 9 :at appe>s to be _! natural ord]1 s f> z possible1 tak+ ^? *apt]s toge!r :i* appe> to be connect$ 9 occasion & subject4 ,*ap4 i4 evid5tly /&s ap>t1 z a self-complete & indep5d5t :ole4 ,x consi/s ( a *ronological sup]scription 7vv4 #a-c71 assign+ ! temporal limits ( ! prophet's activity2 & secondly1 ( an inaugural disc\rse1 :i* sets be=e u 8 fir/ call1 & ! g5]al scope ( ! mission :i* he 0 *os5 to fulfil4 ,?is disc\rse1 aga91 9 l mann] falls into two sections1 ( :i* ! =m] 7vv4 #d-aj7 relates h[ ! prophet 0 appo9t$ & qualifi$ by ,iahvah to be a spokesman = ,him2 :ile ! latt] 7vv4 #aa-ai71 "u ! =m ( two visions1 expresses ! assurance t ,iahvah w accompli% ,8 ^w1 & pictures ! mode ( fulfilm5t1 clos+ ) a r5ew$ summons to ent] ^u ! "w1 & ) a promise ( effectual support aga9/ all opposition4 ,x is pla9 t we h be=e u ! au?or's introduction to ! :ole book2 & if we w\ld ga9 an adequate conception ( ! mean+ ( ! prophet's activity bo? = 8 own "t & = ours1 we mu/ weigh well ! =ce ( ^! prefatory words4 ,! c>e] ( a true prophet1 or spokesman = ,god1 und\bt$ly implies a special call or vocation to ! (fice4 ,9 ?is preface to ! summ>iz$ acc\nt ( 8 life's "w1 ,j]emiah repres5ts t call z a s+le & def9ite ev5t 9 8 life's hi/ory4 ,mu/ we take ?is 9 its lit]al s5se8 ,we are n a/oni%$ by su* a /atem5t z ! ^w ( ! ,"l came unto me2 x may be und]/ood 9 m s5ses ?an "o1 & p]haps we are unconsci\sly prone to und]/& x 9 :at is call$ a natural s5se4 ,p]haps we ?9k ( a result ( pi\s reflexion pond]+ ! moral /ate ( ! nation & ! ne$s ( ! "t3 p]haps ( t inw>d voice :i* is no?+ /range to any s\l t has atta9$ to ! rudim5ts ( spiritual developm5t4 ,b :5 we read su* an ass]tion z t ( v]4 #i1 ,!n ! ,"l put =? ,8 h&1 & t\*$ my m\?1 we _c b pause & ask :at x 0 t ! writ] meant to convey by words s /range & />tl+4 ,?\ghtful read]s _c avoid ! "q :e!r su* /atem5ts are consonant ) :at we o!rwise "k ( ! deal+s ( ,god ) man2 :e!r an outw>d & visible act ( ! k9d spok5 ( con=ms ) t :ole conception ( ! ,div9e ,be+1 :i* is1 s f> z x reflects reality1 ! outcome ( ,8 own contact ) our human spirits4 ,! obvi\s answ] is t su* corporeal actions are incompatible ) all our exp]i5ce & all our reason$ conceptions ( ! ,div9e ,ess5ce1 :i* fills all ?+s & controls all ?+s1 precisely because x is n limit$ by a bodily organism1 because its actions are n dep5d5t ^u su* imp]fect & re/rict$ m$ia z h&s & feet4 ,if1 !n1 we are b\nd to a lit]al s5se1 we c only und]/& t ! prophet saw a vision1 9 :i* a ,div9e h& seem$ to t\* 8 lips1 & a ,div9e voice to s\nd 9 8 e>s4 ,b are we b\nd to a lit]al s5se8 ,x is notewor?y t ,j]emiah does n say t ,iahvah ,himself appe>$ to him4 ,9 ?is respect1 he /&s 9 conspicu\s contra/ ) 8 pr$ecessor ,isaiah1 :o writes 7vi4 #a71 ,9 ! ye> t k+ ,uzziah di$1 ,i saw ! ,"l sitt+ ^u a ?rone1 high & lift$ up2 & ) 8 successor ,ezekiel1 :o affirms 9 8 op5+ v]se 7i4 #a7 t on a c]ta9 def9ite occasion ! heav5s op5$1 & he saw visions ( ,god4 ,nor does ,j]emiah use t /rik+ phrase ( ! y\ng] prophet's1 ,! h& ( ,iahvah 0 ^u me1 or 0 /rong ^u me4 ,b :5 he says1 ,iahvah put =? ,8 h& & t\*$ my m\?1 he is evid5tly ?9k+ ( ! s]aph t t\*$ ,isaiah's m\? ) ! live coal f ! heav5ly alt> 7vi4 #g74 ,! words are id5tical 7 71 & might be reg>d$ z a quotation4 ,x is true t1 suppos+ ,j]emiah to be relat+ ! exp]i5ce ( a trance-l condition or ec/asy1 we ne$ n assume any consci\s imitation ( 8 pr$ecessor4 ,! sights & s\nds :i* affect a man 9 su* a condition may be p>tly repetitions ( =m] exp]i5ce1 :e!r "o's own or t ( o!rs2 & 9 "p :olly new & /range4 ,9 a dream "o might imag9e ?+s happ5+ to oneself1 :i* "o _h he>d or read ( 9 connexion ) o!rs4 ,& ,j]emiah's writ+s g5]ally prove 8 intimate acqua9tance ) ^? ( ,isaiah & ! old] prophets4 ,b z a trance or ec/asy is itself an involunt>y /ate1 s ! ?\ghts & feel+s ( ! subject ( x mu/ be indep5d5t ( ! individual w1 & z x 7 impos$ f )\t4 ,is !n ! prophet describ+ ! exp]i5ce ( su* an abnormal /ate--a /ate l t ( ,/4 ,pet] 9 8 mom5t\s vision on ! h\setop at ,joppa1 or l t ( ,/4 ,paul :5 he 0 caught up to ! ?ird heav51 & saw _m wond]ful ?+s :i* he dur/ n reveal8 ,! "q has be5 answ]$ 9 ! negative on two pr9cipal gr\nds4 ,x is said t ! vision ( vv4 #aa1 #ab1 d]ives its significance n f ! visible ?+ itself1 b f ! "n ( x1 :i* is1 ( c\rse1 n an object ( sight at all2 & consequ5tly1 ! s-call$ vision is really a well-devis$ & +5i\s product ( cool reflexion4 ,b is ?is s8 ,we may translate ! orig9al passage ?us3 ,& !re fell a ^w ( ,iahvah unto me1 say+1 ,:at see/ ?\1 ,j]emiah8 ,& ,i said1 ,a rod ( a wake-tree 7i4e4 an almond7 is :at ,i see4 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,?\ ha/ well se52 = wakeful am ,i ov] ,my ^w1 to d x4 ,d\btless !re is "h "o ( ^? plays on words :i* are s well kn[n a feature ( ! prophetic /yle2 b to admit ?is is by no means tantam\nt to an admission t ! vision d]ives its =ce & mean+ f ! invisible "n r ?an f ! visible ?+4 ,surely x is pla9 t ! significance ( ! vision dep5ds on ! fact :i* ! "n implies2 a fact :i* w\ld be at once sugge/$ by ! sight ( ! tree4 ,x is ! well kn[n *>act]i/ic ( ! almond tree t x wakes1 z x 71 f ! long sleep ( w9t] be=e all o!r trees1 & displays its beautiful g>l& ( blossom1 :ile its companions rema9 leafless & app>5tly lifeless4 ,?is quality ( e>ly wakefulness is express$ by ! ,hebrew "n ( ! almond tree2 = %qd means wak+ or wakeful4 ,if ?is tree1 9 virtue ( its rem>kable peculi>ity1 0 a prov]b ( wat*+ & wak+1 ! sight ( x1 or ( a bran* ( x1 9 a prophetic vision w\ld be suffici5t to sugge/ t idea1 indep5d5tly ( ! "n4 ,! allusion to ! "n1 !re=e1 is only a lit]>y device = express+ ) inimitable =ce & neatness ! significance ( ! visible symbol ( ! rod ( ! almond tree1 z x 0 intuitively appreh5d$ by ! prophet 9 8 vision4 ,ano!r & m radical gr\nd is discov]$ 9 ! sub/ance ( ! ,div9e communication4 ,x is said t ! anticipatory /atem5t ( ! cont5ts & purpose ( ! subsequ5t prophesy+s ( ! se] 7v]4 #aj71 ! ann\ncem5t be=eh& ( 8 =tunes 7vv4 #h1 #ah1 #ai71 & ! w>n+ address$ to ! prophet p]sonally 7v]4 #ag71 are only conceivable z results ( a process ( ab/raction f real exp]i5ce1 z prophecies con=m$ to ! ev5t 7ex ev5tu74 ,! call ( ! prophet1 says ! writ] ^: argum5ts we are exam9+1 0 ! mom5t :51 battl+ d[n ! d\bts & scruples ( ! natural man 7vv4 #g1 #h71 & full ( holy c\rage1 he took ! resolution 7v]4 #ag7 to proclaim ,god's ^w4 ,c]ta9ly he 0 animat$ by ! hope ( ,div9e assi/ance 7v]4 #ah71 ! promise ( :i* he he>d inw>dly 9 ! he>t4 ,m ?an ?is _c be affirm$4 ,b 9 ?is *apt] 7vv4 #ag1 #ah71 ! measure & direction ( ! ,div9e help are already cle> to ! writ]2 he is aw>e t opposition awaits him 7v]4 #ai72 he kn[s ! cont5t ( 8 prophecies 7v]4 #aj74 ,su* k 0 only possible = him 9 ! middle or at ! end ( 8 c>e]2 & !re=e ! composition ( ?is op5+ *apt] mu/ be ref]r$ to su* a lat] p]iod4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! f9al cata/rophe1 aft] :i* 8 language w\ld h tak5 a :olly diff]5t complexion1 is /ill hidd5 f him "h2 & z ! only edition ( 8 prophecies prep>$ by himself1 t we "k (1 belongs to ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim 7xxxvi4 #de72 ! section is be/ ref]r$ to t v "t1 :5 ! po/ure ( affairs promis$ well = ! fulfilm5t ( ! ?reat5+s ( _m ye>s 7cf4 xxv4 #i ) vv4 #ae1 #aj2 xxv4 #ac ) vv4 #ab-ag2 xxv4 #f ) v]4 #af4 ,& v]4 #ah is virtually repeat$1 *ap4 xv4 #bj1 :i* belongs to ! same p]iod74 ,! fir/ "p ( ?is is an obvi\s inf]5ce f ! n>rative itself4 ,! prophet's own /atem5t makes x abundantly cle> t 8 conviction ( a call 0 accompani$ by d\bts & fe>s1 :i* 7 only sil5c$ by t fai? :i* moves m\nta9s4 ,t l(ty confid5ce 9 ! purpose & /r5g? ( ! ,unse51 :i* has enabl$ weak & trembl+ humanity to endure m>tyrdom1 might well be suffici5t to n]ve a "y man to und]take ! task ( prea*+ unpopul> tru?s1 ev5 at ! risk ( frequ5t p]secution & occasional p]il4 ,b surely we ne$ n suppose t1 :5 ,j]emiah />t$ on 8 prophetic c>e]1 he 0 z "o :o takes a leap 9 ! d>k4 ,surely x is n necess>y to suppose him pr(\ndly ignorant ( ! subject-matt] ( prophecy 9 g5]al1 ( ! k9d ( success he might look =1 ( 8 own %r9k+ timidity & despond+ temp]am5t1 ( ! measure & direction ( ! ,div9e help4 ,_h ! son ( ,hilkiah be5 ! fir/ ( ! prophets ( ,israel in/ead ( "o ( ! late/2 _h !re be5 no prophets be=e him2 we might recognise "s =ce 9 ?is criticism4 ,z ! facts lie1 h[ev]1 we c h>dly avoid an obvi\s answ]4 ,) ! exp]i5ce ( _m notable pr$ecessors be=e 8 eyes2 ) ! message ( a ,hosea1 an ,amos1 a ,micah1 an ,isaiah1 grav5 ^u 8 he>t2 ) 8 m9ute k ( _! hi/ory1 _! /ruggles & successes1 ! fi]ce antagonisms !y r\s$1 ! cruel p]secutions !y 7 call$ ^u to face 9 ! dis*>ge ( _! ,div9e commission2 ) 8 pr(\nd s5se t no?+ b ! good help ( _! ,god _h enabl$ !m to endure ! /ra9 ( a lifelong battle2 x is n 9 ! lea/ wond]ful t ,j]emiah %\ld h =ese5 ! l exp]i5ce = himself4 ,! wond] w\ld h be51 if1 ) su* speak+ examples be=e him1 he _h n anticipat$ ! measure & direction ( ! ,div9e help2 if he _h be5 ignorant t opposition await$ him2 if he _h n already possess$ a g5]al k ( ! cont5ts ( 8 own z ( all prophecies4 ,= !re is a sub/antial unity und]ly+ all ! manifold outp\r+s ( ! prophetic _s4 ,inde$1 x w\ld seem t x is to ! div]sity ( p]sonal gifts1 to diff]5ces ( tra9+ & temp]am5t1 to ! ri* v>iety ( "* & circum/ance1 r ?an to any ess5tial contra/s 9 ! sub/ance & purport ( prophecy itself1 t ! abs5ce ( monotony1 ! impress ( individuality & orig9ality is due1 :i* *>act]ises ! utt]ances ( ! pr9cipal prophets4 ,ap>t f ! unsatisfactory nature ( ! reasons alleg$1 x is v probable t ?is op5+ *apt] 0 p5n$ by ,j]emiah z an introduction to ! fir/ collection ( 8 prophecies1 :i* dates f ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 t is1 circ4 ,b4,c4 #fjf4 ,9 t case1 x mu/ n be =gott5 t ! prophet is relat+ ev5ts :i*1 z he tells u himself 7*ap4 xxv4 #c71 _h tak5 place ?ree & tw5ty ye>s ago2 & z 8 description is probably drawn f memory1 some?+ may be all[$ = unconsci\s trans=mation ( facts 9 ! light ( aft] exp]i5ce4 ,/ill1 ! peculi> ev5ts t att5d$ s m>k$ a crisis 9 8 life z 8 fir/ consci\sness ( a ,div9e call mu/1 9 any case1 h con/itut$1 _c b h left a deep & abid+ impress ^u ! prophet's memory2 & !re really seems to be no good reason = refus+ to believe t t initial exp]i5ce took ! =m ( a tw(old vision se5 "u conditions ( trance or ec/asy4 ,at ! same "t1 be>+ 9 m9d ! ,ori5tal passion = metaphor & imag]y1 we are n p]haps deb>r$ f see+ 9 ! :ole *apt] a figurative description1 or r an attempt to describe ?r\gh ! m$ium ( figurative language1 t :i* mu/ always ultimately transc5d description--! communion ( ! ,div9e ) ! human _s4 ,real1 mo/ real ( real facts1 z t communion 0 & is1 x c nev] be directly communicat$ 9 words2 x c only be h9t$ & sugge/$ ?r\gh ! m$ium ( symbolic & metaphorical phraseology4 ,language itself1 be+ m ?an half mat]ial1 breaks d[n 9 ! attempt to express ?+s :olly spiritual4 ,i %all n /op to discuss ! importance ( ! g5]al sup]scription or head+ ( ! book1 :i* is giv5 9 ! fir/ ?ree v]ses4 ,b be=e pass+ on1 ,i w ask y to notice t1 :]eas ! ,hebrew text op5s ) ! phrase ,dibr ,yirmeyhu 7 71 ,! words ( ,j]emiah1 ! olde/ translation we h1 viz4 ! ,septuag9t1 reads3 ,! ^w ( ,god :i* came to ,j]emiah 7 74 ,x is possible1 !re=e1 t ! old ,greek translator _h a ,hebrew text diff]5t f t :i* has come d[n to u1 & op5+ ) ! same =mula :i* we f9d at ! beg9n+ ( ! old] prophets ,hosea1 ,joel1 & ,micah4 ,9 fact1 ,amos is ! only prophet1 besides ,j]emiah1 ^: book beg9s ) ! phrase 9 "q 7 -- 72 & al?\gh x is m appropriate !re ?an "h1 ow+ to ! cont9uation ,& he said1 x looks suspici\s ev5 !re1 :5 we comp>e ,isaiah i4 #a1 & obs]ve h[ mu* m suitable ! t]m vision 77 w\ld be4 ,x is likely t ! ,,lxx4 has pres]v$ ! orig9al read+ ( ,j]emiah1 & t "s editor ( ! ,hebrew text alt]$ x because ( ! app>5t tautology ) ! op5+ ( v]4 #b3 ,to :om ! ^w ( ! ,"l 7,,lxx4 7 came 9 ! days ( ,josiah4 ,su* *anges 7 freely made by ! scribes 9 ! days be=e ! settlem5t ( ! ,o4 ,t4 canon2 *anges :i* may occasion mu* p]plexity to ^?1 if any !re be1 :o hold by ! un9tellig5t & obsolete !ory ( v]bal & ev5 lit]al inspiration1 b none at all to su* z recognise a ,div9e h& 9 ! facts ( hi/ory1#af & are cont5t to believe t 9 holy books1 z 9 holy m51 !re is a ,div9e treasure 9 e>!n vessels4 ,! textual diff]5ce 9 "q may s]ve to call our att5tion to ! peculi> way 9 :i* ! prophets id5tifi$ _! "w ) ! ,div9e w1 & _! words ) ! ,div9e ?\ghts2 s t ! words ( an ,amos or a ,j]emiah 7 9 all good fai? held & believ$ to be self-atte/+ utt]ances ( ! ,unse5 ,god4 ,! conviction :i* wr\ght 9 !m 01 9 fact1 id5tical ) t :i* 9 aft] times mov$ ,/4 ,paul to affirm ! high call+ & inali5able dignity ( ! ,*ri/ian m9i/ry 9 ^? impressive words1 ,let a man s acc\nt ( u z ( ! m9i/]s ( ,*ri/1 & /ew>ds ( ! my/]ies ( ,god4 ,vv4 #e-aj1 :i* relate h[ ! prophet became aw>e t he 0 9 future to receive revelations f above1 con/itute 9 !mselves an important revelation4 ,"u ,div9e influ5ce he becomes aw>e ( a special mission4 ,ere ,i began to =m 7m\ld1 fa%ion1 1 z ! pott] m\lds ! clay7 !e 9 ! belly1 ,i knew !e2 & ere ?\ beganne/ to come =? f ! womb1#ag ,i _h d$icat$ !e1 n reg>d$ !e z holy1 ,isa4 viii4 #ac2 nor p]haps decl>$ !e holy1 z ,ges42 b hall[$ !e1 i4e4 d$icat$ !e to ,god1 ,judg4 xvii4 #c2 #a ,k+s ix4 #c2 especially ,lev4 xxvii4 #ad2 ( money & h\ses4 ,! pi4 ( consecrat+ prie/s1 ,ex4 xxviii4 #da2 alt>1 ,ex4 xxix4 #cf1 temple1 m\nta91 etc42 p]haps also1 consecrat$ !e = ! dis*>ge ( a sacr$ (fice4 ,ev5 soldi]s are call$ consecrat$ 7 ,isa4 xiii4 #c71 z m9i/]s ( ! ,"l ( ,ho/s1 & probably z hav+ be5 =mally devot$ to ,8 s]vice at ! outset ( a campaign by special solemnities ( lu/ration & sacrifice2 :ile gue/s bidd5 to a sacrificial fea/ _h to und]go a prelim9>y =m ( consecration 7#a ,sam4 xvi4 #e2 ,zeph4 i4 #g71 to fit !m = communion ) ,deity4 ,) ! c]ta9ty ( 8 own ,div9e call+1 x became cle> to ! prophet t ! *oice 0 n an arbitr>y caprice2 x 0 ! execution ( a ,div9e purpose1 conceiv$ long1 long be=e its realisation 9 "t & space4 ,! ,god ^: =ekn[l$ge & w directs ! :ole c\rse ( human hi/ory--^: control ( ev5ts & direction ( human en]gies is mo/ signally evid5t 9 precisely ^? in/ances :]e m5 & nations are mo/ reg>dless ( ,him1 & imag9e ! va9 ?\ght t !y are indep5d5t ( ,him 7,isa4 xxii4 #aa1 xxxvii4 #bf7--?is sov]eign ,be+1 9 ! developm5t ( ^: et]nal purposes he himself1 & e son ( man 0 necess>ily a factor1 _h f ! fir/ kn[n him1--kn[n ! individual "* & capacities :i* w\ld con/itute 8 fitness = ! special "w ( 8 life2--& sanctifi$ him2 devot$ & consecrat$ him to ! do+ ( x :5 ! "t ( 8 e>?ly manife/ation %\ld arrive4 ,l o!rs :o h play$ a notable "p 9 ! affairs ( m51 ,j]emiah saw ) cle>e/ vision t he 0 himself ! embodim5t 9 fle% & blood ( a ,div9e idea2 he knew himself to be a delib]ately plann$ & *os5 in/rum5t ( ! ,div9e activity4 ,x 0 ?is see+ himself z ,god saw him1 :i* con/itut$ 8 diff]5ce f 8 fell[s1 :o only knew _! individual appetites1 pleasures & int]e/s1 & 7 bl9d$1 by _! absorption 9 ^!1 to ! p]ception ( any high] reality4 ,x 0 ! com+ to ?is k ( himself1 ( ! mean+ & purpose ( ,,8 individual unity ( p[]s & aspirations 9 ! great univ]se ( be+1 ( 8 true relation to ,god & to man1 :i* con/itut$ ! fir/ revelation to ,j]emiah1 & :i* 0 ! secret ( 8 p]sonal greatness4 ,?is k1 h[ev]1 might h come to him 9 va94 ,mom5ts ( illum9ation are n always accompani$ by noble resolves & correspond+ actions4 ,x does n foll[ t1 because a man sees 8 call+1 he w at once r5\nce all1 & pursue x4 ,j]emiah w\ld n h be5 human1 _h he n hesitat$ a :ile1 :51 aft] ! inw>d light1 came ! voice1 ,a spokesman1 or ,div9e int]pret] 771 to ! nations appo9t ,i !e4 ,to h pass+ fla%es ( spiritual insight & heav5ly inspiration is "o ?+2 to und]take n[1 9 ! actual pres5t1 ! c\rse ( conduct :i* !y unque/ionably indicate & involve1 is q ano!r4 ,& s1 :5 ! h\r ( spiritual illum9ation has pass$1 ! d>kness may & (t5 does become deep] ?an be=e4 ,& ,i said1 ,alas6 ,o ,"l ,iahvah1 behold ,i "k n h[ to speak2 = ,i am b a y\?4 ,! words express t reluctance to beg9 :i* a s5se ( unprep>$ness1 & misgiv+s ab\t ! unkn[n future1 naturally inspire4 ,to take ! fir/ /ep dem&s decision & confid5ce2 b confid5ce & decision d n come ( contemplat+ oneself & "o's own unfitness or unprep>$ness1 b ( /eadfa/ly fix+ our reg>ds ^u ,god1 :o w qualify u = all t ,he requires u to d4 ,j]emiah does n refuse to obey ,8 call2 ! v words ,my ,"l ,iahvah--',adonai1 ,ma/]1 or my ,ma/]--imply a recognition ( ! ,div9e "r to 8 s]vice2 he m]ely alleges a natural objection4 ,! cry1 ,:o is suffici5t = ^! ?+s8 rises to 8 lips1 :5 ! light & ! glory are obscur$ = a mom5t1 & ! reaction & despond5cy natural to human weakness ensue4 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,say n1 ,i am b a y\?2 = unto all t ,i s5d !e unto1 ?\ %alt g1 & all t ,i comm& !e ?\ %alt speak4 ,be n afraid ( !m2 = ) !e am ,i to rescue !e1 is ! utt]ance ( ,iahvah4 ,unto all t ,i s5d !e unto2 = he 0 to be no local prophet2 8 messages 7 to be address$ to ! surr\nd+ peoples z well z to ,judah2 8 outlook z a se] 0 to comprise ! entire political horizon 7v]4 #aj1 xxv4 #i1 #ae1 xlvi4 sqq474 ,l ,moses 7,ex4 iv4 #aj71 ,j]emiah objects t he is no practis$ speak]2 & ?is on acc\nt ( y\?ful inexp]i5ce4 ,! answ] is t 8 speak+ w dep5d n s mu* ^u himself z ^u ,god3 ,all t ,i comm& !e1 ?\ %alt speak4 ,! allegation ( 8 y\? also cov]s a feel+ ( timidity1 :i* w\ld naturally be excit$ at ! ?\ght ( enc\nt]+ k+s & pr9ces & prie/s1 z well z ! common p1 9 ! dis*>ge ( su* a commission4 ,?is implication is met by ! ,div9e assurance3 ,unto all--( :atev] rank--t ,i s5d !e unto1 ?\ %alt g2 & by ! enc\rag+ promise ( ,div9e protection aga9/ all oppos+ p[]s3 ,be n afraid ( !m2 = ) !e am ,i to rescue !e4#ah ,& ,iahvah put =? ,8 h& & t\*$ my m\?3 & ,iahvah said unto me1 ,behold ,i h put ,my words 9 ?y m\?6 ,?is ^w ( ! ,"l1 says ,hitzig1 is repres5t$ z a corporeal sub/ance2 9 accordance ) ! ,ori5tal mode ( ?\ght & spee*1 :i* inve/s ev]y?+ ) bodily =m4 ,he ref]s to a passage 9 ,samuel 7#b ,sam4 xvii4 #e7 :]e ,absalom says1 ,call n[ ,hu%ai ! ,ar*ite1 & let u he> t :i* is 9 8 m\? also2 z if :at ! old c\nsellor _h to say 7 some?+ solid 9 m s5ses ?an "o4 ,b we ne$ n press ! lit]al =ce ( ! language4 ,a prophet :o c\ld write 7v4 #ad73 ,behold ,i am ab\t to make my words 9 ?y m\? fire & ?is p logs ( wood2 & x %all dev\r !m2 or aga9 7xv4 #af71 ,?y words 7 f\nd1 & ,i did eat !m2 & ,?y ^w became unto me a joy & my he>t's delight1 may also h writt51 ,behold ,i h put ,my words 9 ?y m\?6 )\t !reby becom+ am5able to a *>ge ( confus+ fact ) figure1 metaphor ) reality4 ,nor c ,i ?9k ! prophet means to say t1 al?\gh1 z a matt] ( fact1 ! ,div9e ^w already dwelt 9 him1 x 0 n[ put 9 8 m\?1 9 ! s5se t he 0 h5ce=? to utt] x4 ,/ripp$ ( ! symbolism ( vision1 ! v]se simply ass]ts t ! spiritual *ange :i* came ov] ,j]emiah at ! turn+ po9t 9 8 c>e] 0 due to ! imm$iate op]ation ( ,god2 & t ! *ief ext]nal consequ5ce ( ?is inw>d *ange 0 t p[]ful prea*+ ( ,div9e tru?1 by :i* he 0 h5ce=? kn[n4 ,! great ,prophet ( ! ,exile twice uses ! phrase1 ,i h set ,my words 9 ?y m\? 7,isa4 li4 #af1 lix4 #ba7 ) mu* ! same mean+ z t int5d$ by ,j]emiah1 b )\t ! prec$+ metaphor ab\t ! ,div9e h&4 ,see ,i h ?is day set !e ov] ! nations & ov] ! k+doms1 to root out & to pull d[n1 & to de/roy & to ov]turn2 to rebuild & to replant4 ,su*1 foll[+ ! ,hebrew punctuation1 are ! t]ms ( ! prophet's commission2 & !y are well wor? consid]ation1 z !y set =? ) all ! =ce ( prophetic idiom 8 own conception ( ! nature ( t commission4 ,fir/1 !re is ! impli$ ass]tion ( 8 own (ficial dignity3 ! prophet is made a paqd 7,g54 xli4 #cd1 (fic]s set by ,ph>aoh ov] ,egypt2 #b ,k+s xxv4 #ai a milit>y prefect7 a prefect or sup]9t5d5t ( ! nations ( ! _w4 ,x is ! ,hebrew t]m correspond+ to ! ( ! ,new ,te/am5t & ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* 7,judg4 ix4 #bh2 ,neh4 xi4 #i74 ,& secondly1 8 p[]s are ( ! wide/ scope2 he is inve/$ ) au?ority ov] ! de/9ies ( all peoples4 ,if x be ask$ 9 :at s5se x c\ld be truly said t ! ru9 & r5asc5ce ( nations 0 subject to ! sup]vision ( ! prophets1 ! answ] is obvi\s4 ,! ^w !y 7 au?oris$ to decl>e 0 ! ^w ( ,god4 ,b ,god's ^w is n some?+ ^: efficacy is exhau/$ 9 ! human utt]ance ( x4 ,god's ^w is an irrev]sible comm&1 fulfill+ itself ) all ! necessity ( a law ( nature4 ,! ?\ght is well express$ by a lat] prophet3 ,= z ! ra9 come? d[n1 & ! sn[ f heav51 & returne? n ?i!r1 b wat]e? ! e>?1 & make? x br+ =? & spr+2 & yielde? se$ to ! s[] & bread to ! eat]3 s %all ,my ^w become1 t goe? =? out ( ,my m\?2 x %all n return to ,me empty 771 b %all surely d t :i* ,i h will$1 & %all c>ry ?r\gh t = :i* ,i s5t x 7or %all prosp] him :om ,i h s5t1 ,isa4 lv4 #aj1 #aa74 ,all t happ5s is m]ely ! selfaccompli%m5t ( ?is ,div9e ^w1 :i* is only ! human aspect ( ! ,div9e w4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! absolute dep5d5ce ( ! prophets ^u ,god = _! k ( ?is ^w be left out ( acc\nt1 !y appe> z causes1 :5 !y are 9 tru? b in/rum5ts1 z ag5ts :5 !y are only m\?pieces4 ,& s ,ezekiel writes1 :5 ,i came to de/roy ! city 7,ezek4 xliii4 #c71 mean+ :5 ,i ann\nc$ ! ,div9e decree ( its de/ruction4 ,! tru? ^u :i* ?is peculi> mode ( /atem5t re/s--! tru? t ! w ( ,god mu/ be & always is done 9 ! _w t ,god has made & is mak+--is a rock ^u :i* ! fai? ( ,8 mess5g]s may always repose4 ,:at /r5g?1 :at /ay+ p[] may ! ,*ri/ian prea*] f9d 9 dwell+ ^u ?is almo/ visible fact ( ! self-fulfill+ w & ^w ( ,god1 ?\gh all ar\nd him he he> t w que/ion$1 & t ^w dis[n$ & d5i$6 ,he kn[s--x is 8 supreme com=t to "k--t1 :ile 8 own ef=ts may be ?w>t$1 t w is inv9cible2 t ?\gh he may fail 9 ! conflict1 t ^w w g on conqu]+ & to conqu]1 until x %all h subdu$ all ?+s unto itself4 ,,footnotes3 #af ,ev5 9 ! hi/ory ( ! transmission ( anci5t writ+s4 #ag ,isa4 xliv4 #bd1 1 xlix4 #e1 4 #ah ,= ! words ( ?is promise1 cf4 v]4 #ai infr41 xv4 #bj1 xlii4 #aa4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,tru/ ,,9 ,,! ,,%ad[ ,,( ,,egypt4 ,,j]emiah ii4 #a-;iii4 #e4 ,! fir/ ( ! prophet's public addresses is1 9 fact1 a s]mon :i* proce$s f an exposure ( national s9 to ! m5ace ( com+ judgm5t4 ,x falls naturally into ?ree sections1 ( :i* ! fir/ 7ii4 #a-ac7 sets =? ,iahvah's t5d] love to ,8 "y bride ,israel 9 ! old times ( nomadic life1 :5 fai?fulness to ,him 0 rew>d$ by protection f all ext]nal foes2 & !n passes on to d5\nce ! unprec$5t$ apo/asy ( a p f _! ,god4 ,! second 7#ad-bh7 decl>es t if ,israel has fall5 a prey to h] enemies1 x is ! result ( h] own infidelity to h] ,div9e ,sp\se2 ( h] e>ly notori\s & invet]ate fall+ away to ! false gods1 :o are n[ h] only res\rce1 & t a wor?less "o4 ,! ?ird section 7ii4 #bi-;iii4 #e7 po9ts to ! failure ( ,iahvah's *a/isem5ts to reclaim a p h>d5$ 9 guilt1 & 9 a self-righte\sness :i* refus$ w>n+ & despis$ repro(2 affirms ! futility ( all human aid amid ! national rev]ses2 & cries woe on a too late rep5tance4 ,x is n difficult to fix ! "t ( ?is noble & pa!tic address4 ,t :i* foll[s x1 & is intimately connect$ ) x 9 sub/ance1 0 compos$ 9 ! days ( ,josiah ! k+ 7iii4 #f71 s t ! pres5t "o mu/ be plac$ a little e>li] 9 ! same reign2 &1 consid]+ its position 9 ! book1 may v probably be assign$ to ! ?irte5? ye> ( ,josiah1 i4e4 ,b4,c4 #fbi1 9 :i* ! prophet receiv$ 8 ,div9e call4 ,?is is ! ord9>y op9ion2 b "o critic 7,knobel7 ref]s ! disc\rse to ! beg9n+ ( ! reign ( ,jehoiakim1 on acc\nt ( ! connexion ) ,egypt :i* is m5tion$ 9 vv4 #ah1 #cf1 & ! humiliation suff]$ at ! h&s ( ! ,egyptians :i* is m5tion$ 9 v]4 #af2 :ile ano!r 7,graf7 ma9ta9s t *aps4 ii4-vi4 7 compos$ 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 z if ! prophet _h committ$ no?+ to writ+ be=e t date--an assumption :i* seems to run c\nt] to ! implication convey$ by 8 own /atem5t1 *ap4 xxxvi4 #b4 ,?is latt] critic has fail$ to notice ! allusions 9 *aps4 iv4 #ad1 vi4 #h1 to an approa*+ calamity :i* may be av]t$ by national re=mation1 to :i* ! p are invit$2--an invitation :olly incompatible ) ! prophet's attitude at t hopeless p]iod4 ,! s]ies ( prophecies beg9n+ at *ap4 iv4 #c is c]ta9ly lat] 9 "t ?an ! disc\rse we are n[ consid]+2 b z c]ta9ly belongs to ! imm$iate subsequ5t ye>s4 ,x does n appe> t ! fir/ two ( ,j]emiah's addresses 7 call$ =? by any /rik+ ev5t ( public importance1 su* z ! ,scy?ian invasion4 ,8 new-born consci\sness ( ! ,div9e call w\ld urge ! "y prophet to action2 & 9 ! pres5t disc\rse we h ! fir/fruits ( ! heav5ly impulse4 ,x is a retrospect ( ,israel's entire pa/ & an exam9ation ( ! /ate ( ?+s gr[+ out ( x4 ,! prophet's att5tion is n yet conf9$ to ,judah2 he deplores ! rupture ( ! ideal relations betwe5 ,iahvah & ,8 p z a :ole 7ii4 #d2 cf4 iii4 #f74 ,z ,hitzig has rem>k$1 ?is op5+ address1 9 its f9i%$ elaboration1 leaves ! impression ( a fir/ outp\r+ ( ! he>t1 :i* sets =? at once )\t res]ve ! long score ( ! ,div9e grievances aga9/ ,israel4 ,at ! same "t1 9 its clos+ judgm5t 7iii4 #e71 9 its irony 7ii4 #bh71 9 its appeals 7ii4 #ba1 #ca71 & its exclamations 7ii4 #ab71 x brea!s an indignation /]n & deep to a degree h>dly *>act]i/ic ( ! prophet 9 8 o!r disc\rses1 b :i* 0 natural en\gh1 z ,hitzig obs]ves1 9 a fir/ essay at moral criticism1 a fir/ outbur/ ( inspir$ zeal4 ,9 ! ,hebrew text ! *apt] beg9s ) ! same =mula z *ap4 i4 7v]4 #d73 ,& !re fell a ^w ( ,iahvah unto me1 say+4 ,b ! ,,lxx4 reads3 ,& he said1 ,?us sai? ! ,"l1 7 1 72 a diff]5ce :i* is n immat]ial1 z x may be a trace ( an old] ,hebrew rec5sion ( ! prophet's "w1 9 :i* ?is second *apt] imm$iately foll[$ ! orig9al sup]scription ( ! book1 z giv5 9 *ap4 i4 #a1 #b1 f :i* x 0 aft]w>ds sep>at$ by ! ins]tion ( ! n>rative ( ,j]emiah's call & visions 73 cf4 ,amos i4 #b74 ,p]haps we may see ano!r trace ( ! same ?+ 9 ! fact t :]eas *ap4 i4 s5ds ! prophet to ! rul]s & p ( ,judah1 ?is *apt] is 9 "p address$ to collective ,israel 7v]4 #d72 :i* con/itutes a =mal disagreem5t4 ,if ! ref]5ce to ,israel is n m]ely retrospective & rhetorical1--if x implies1 z seems to be assum$1 t ! prophet really meant 8 words to affect ! remnant ( ! nor!rn k+dom z well z ,judah1--we h "h a valuable contempor>y corroboration ( ! mu* disput$ ass]tion ( ! au?or ( ,*ronicles1 t k+ ,josiah aboli%$ idolatry 9 ! cities ( ,manasseh & ,ephraim & ,simeon ev5 unto ,naphtali1 to wit1 9 _! ru9s r\nd ab\t 7#b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #f71 z well z 9 ,judah & ,j]usalem2 & t ,manasseh & ,ephraim & ! remnant ( ,israel 7#b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #i1 cf4 #ba7 contribut$ to 8 re/oration ( ! temple4 ,^! /atem5ts ( ! ,*ronicl] imply t ,josiah ex]cis$ au?ority 9 ! ru9$ nor!rn k+dom1 z well z 9 ! m =tunate s\?2 & s f> z ?is fir/ disc\rse ( ,j]emiah 0 actually address$ to ,israel z well z to ,judah1 ^? disput$ /atem5ts f9d 9 x an undesign$ confirmation4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 z a "p ( ! fir/ collection ( ! au?or's prophecies1 !re is little d\bt t ! *apt] 0 read by ,b>u* to ! p ( ,j]usalem 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim 7*ap4 xxxvi4 #f74 ,g ?\ & cry 9 ! e>s ( ,j]usalem3 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said 7or ?\ght3 ,?is is ! ,div9e ?\ght conc]n+ !e67 ,i h rememb]$ = !e ! k9dness ( ?y y\?1 ! love ( ?9e esp\sals2 ?y foll[+ ,me 7z a bride foll[s h] husb& to 8 t5t7 9 ! wild]ness1 9 a l& uns[n4 ,a d$icat$ ?+ 73 l ! high prie/1 on ^: mitre 0 grav5 7 0 ,israel to ,iahvah1 ,8 fir/fruits ( increase2 all :o did eat him 7 held guilty1 ill w\ld come to !m1 sai? ,iahvah 7v]s4 #b1 #c74--;,i h rememb]$ = !e1 i4e4 9 ?y fav\r1 to ?y b5efit--z :5 ,nehemiah prays1 ,rememb] 9 my fav\r1 ,o my ,god1 = good1 all t ,i h done ^u ?is p1 7,neh4 v4 #ai7--! k9dness----! w>m affection ( ?y y\?1 ! love ( ?9e esp\sals1 or ! *>m ( ?y bridal /ate 7,hos4 ii4 #ae1 xi4 #a72 ! t5d] atta*m5t ( ?9e e>ly days1 ( ?y new born national consci\sness1 :5 ,iahvah _h *os5 !e z ,8 bride1 & call$ !e to foll[ ,him out ( ,egypt4 ,x is ! figure :i* we f9d s elaborately develop$ 9 ! pages ( ,hosea4 ,! bridal /ate is ! "t f ! ,exodus to ! tak+ ( ! cov5ant at ,s9ai 7,ezek4 xvi4 #h71 :i* 01 z x 71 ! =mal in/rum5t ( ! m>riage2 & ,israel's "y love is expla9$ z consi/+ 9 turn+ h] back ^u ! fle%-pots ( ,egypt 7,ex4 xvi4 #c71 at ! call ( ,iahvah1 & foll[+ h] ,div9e ,"l into ! b>r5 /eppes4 ,?is =sak+ ( all worldly com=t = ! h>d life ( ! des]t 0 pro( ( ! s9c]ity ( ,israel's e>ly love4 ,! evid5tly orig9al words 9 ! wild]ness1 a l& uns[n1 are omitt$ by ! ,,lxx41 :i* r5d]s3 ,i rememb]$ ! m]cy ( ?y y\?1 & ! love ( ?y nuptials 71 consummation71 s t ?\ foll[$/ ! ,holy ,"o ( ,israel1 sai? ,iahvah4 ,iahvah's remembrance ( ?is devotion1 t is to say1 ! return ,he made = x1 is describ$ 9 ! next v]se4 ,israel became n hol9ess b a holy or hall[$ ?+2 a d$icat$ object1 belong+ :olly & solely to ,iahvah1 a ?+ :i* x 0 sacrilege to t\*2 ,iahvah's fir/fruits ( increase 7,heb4 74 ,?is la/ phrase is to be expla9$ by ref]5ce to ! well-kn[n law ( ! fir/fruits 7,ex4 xxiii4 #ai2 ,deut4 xviii4 #d1 xxvi4 #aj71 accord+ to :i* ! fir/ specim5s ( all agricultural produce 7 giv5 to ,god4 ,israel1 l ! fir/l+s ( cattle & ! fir/fruits ( corn & w9e & oil1 0 consecrat$ to ,iahweh2 & !re=e none might eat ( him )\t (f5d+4 ,to eat or dev\r is a t]m naturally us$ ( vex+ & de/roy+ a nation 7x4 #be1 l4 #g2 ,deut4 vii4 #af1 ,& ?\ %alt eat up all ! peoples1 :i* ,jehovah ?y ,god is ab\t to give !e2 ,isa4 i4 #g2 ,ps4 xiv4 #d1 ,:o eat up ,my p z !y eat bread74 ,! lit]al translation is1 ,all 8 eat]s become guilty 7or are treat$ z guilty1 puni%$72 evil come? to !m2 & ! v]bs1 be+ 9 ! imp]fect1 d5ote :at happ5$ aga9 & aga9 9 ,israel's hi/ory2 ,iahvah suff]$ no man to d ,8 p wrong ) impunity4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! fir/ c\nt 9 ! indictm5t aga9/ ,israel1 t ,iahvah _h n be5 unm9dful ( h] e>ly devotion1 b _h recognis$ x by ?r[+ ! %ield ( sanctity ar\nd h]1 & mak+ h] inviolable aga9/ all ext]nal enemies 7vv4 #a-c74 ,! prophet's compla9t1 z develop$ 9 ! foll[+ section 7vv4 #d-h71 is t1 9 spite ( ! goodness ( ,iahvah1 ,israel has =sak5 ,him = idols4 ,he> ye ! ^w ( ,iahvah1 ,o h\se ( ,jacob1 & all ! clans ( ! h\se ( ,israel6 ,all ,israel is address$1 & n m]ely ! surviv+ k+dom ( ,judah1 because ! apo/asy _h be5 univ]sal4 ,a special ref]5ce app>5tly made 9 v]4 #h to ! prophets ( ,baal1 :o fl\ri%$ only 9 ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,we may comp>e ! ^w ( ,amos aga9/ ! :ole clan1 :i* ,iahvah br\ght up f ! l& ( ,egypt 7,amos iii4 #a71 spok5 at a "t :5 ,ephraim 0 yet 9 ! heyday ( 8 p[]4 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said1 ,:at f\nd y\r fa!rs 9 ,me1 t 0 unju/1 7 a s+le act ( inju/ice1 ,ps4 vii4 #d2 n to be f\nd 9 ,iahvah1 ,deut4 xxxii4 #d7 t !y w5t f> f ,me & foll[$ ! ,folly & 7 befool$ 7or ! ,delusion & 7 delud$7 7v]4 #e74 ,! phrase is us$ #b ,k+s xvii4 #ae 9 ! same s5se2 ! 7m]e7 brea?1 ! no?+ness or vanity1 be+ a designation ( ! idols :i* ,israel w5t aft] 7cf4 also *ap4 xxiii4 #af2 ,ps4 lxii4 #aa2 ,job xxvii4 #ab72 mu* z ,/4 ,paul has writt5 t an idol is no?+ 9 ! _w 7#a ,cor4 viii4 #d71 & t1 ) all ?is boa/$ culture1 ! nations ( classical antiquity became va91 or 7 befool$ 9 _! imag9ations 7 71 & _! fooli% he>t 0 d>k5$ 7,rom4 i4 #ba74 ,bo? ! prophet & ! apo/le ref] to t judicial bl9dness :i* is a consequ5ce ( p]si/5tly clos+ ! eyes to tru?1 & delib]ately putt+ d>kness = light & light = d>kness1 bitt] = sweet1 & sweet = bitt]1 9 compliance ) ! urg5cy ( ! fle%4 ,= anci5t ,israel1 ! result ( yield+ to ! s$uctions ( =eign wor%ip 01 t ,!y 7 /ultifi$ 9 _! be/ endeav\rs4 ,!y became false 9 ?9k+ & believ+1 9 do+ & =be>+1 because ! fundam5tal error p]vad$ ! :ole life ( ! nation & ( ! individual4 ,!y suppos$ t !y knew & hon\r$ ,god1 b !y 7 entirely mi/ak52 !y suppos$ !y 7 do+ ,8 w1 & secur+ _! own welf>e1 :ile !y 7 do+ & secur+ ! exact contr>y 7,hitzig74 ,& simil> consequ5ces w always fl[ f attempts to s]ve two ma/]s2 to gratify ! l[] nature1 :ile n break+ :olly ) ! high]4 ,once ! s\l has accept$ a l[] /&>d ?an ! p]fect law ( tru?1 x does n /op !re4 ,! subtle corruption goes on ext5d+ its ravages f>!r & f>!r2 :ile ! consci\sness t any?+ is wrong becomes fa9t] & fa9t] z ! deadly mis*ief increases1 until at la/ ! ru9$ _s believes itself 9 p]fect heal?1 :5 x is1 9 tru?1 9 ! la/ /age ( mortal disease4 ,p]v]sion ( ! w & ! affections leads to ! p]v]sion ( ! intellect4 ,!re is a pr(\nd mean+ 9 ! old say+ t1 ,m5 make _! gods 9 _! own lik5ess4 ,z a man is1 s w ,god appe> to him to be4 ,) ! lov+1 ,?\ wilt %ew ,?yself lov+2 ,) ! p]fect1 ,?\ wilt %ew ,?yself p]fect2 ,) ! pure1 ,?\ wilt %ew ,?yself pure2 ,& ) ! p]v]se1 ,?\ wilt %ew ,?yself fr[>d 7,ps4 xviii4 #be sq474 ,only he>ts pure ( all worldly ta9t see ,god 9 ,8 purity4 ,! re/ wor%ip "s m or less imp]fect semblance ( ,him1 accord+ to ! v>y+ degrees ( _! selfi%ness & s94 ,& !y said n1 ,:]e is ,iahvah1 :o br\ght u up out ( ! l& ( ,egypt1 t guid$ u 9 ! wild]ness1 9 a l& ( wa/es & holl[s 7or des]t & defile71 9 a l& ( dr\ght & d>kness 7dre>9ess 71 9 a l& t no man pass$ ?r\gh1 & :]e no mortal dwelt 7v]4 #f74 ,!y said n1 ,:]e is ,iahvah1 :o br\ght u up out ( ! l& ( ,egypt4 ,x is ! old compla9t ( ! prophets aga9/ ,israel's black +ratitude4 ,s1 = in/ance1 ,amos 7ii4 #aj7 _h writt53 ,:]eas ,i--,i br\ght y up f ! l& ( ,egypt1 & guid$ y 9 ! wild]ness =ty ye>s2 & ,micah 7vi4 #c sq473 ,my p1 :at h ,i done unto !e1 & h[ h ,i we>i$ !e8 ,answ] aga9/ ,me4 ,= ,i br\ght !e up f ! l& ( ,egypt1 & f a h\se ( bondm5 r$eem$ ,i !e4 ,9 common gratitude1 !y 7 b\nd to be true to ?is mighty ,savi\r2 to enquire aft] ,iahvah1 to call ^u ,him only1 to d ,8 w1 & to seek ,8 grace 7cf4 xxix4 #ab sq474 ,yet1 ) *>act]i/ic fickl5ess1 !y soon =got ! fa!rly guidance1 :i* _h nev] des]t$ !m 9 ! p]iod ( _! nomadic w&]+s 9 ! wilds ( ,arabia ,petra2 a l& :i* ! prophet poetically describes z a l& ( wa/es & holl[s--allud+ probably to ! rocky defiles ?r\gh :i* !y _h to pass--& a l& ( dr\ght & d>kness2#ai ! latt] an epi!t ( ! ,grave or ,hades 7,job x4 #ba71 fitt+ly appli$ to t great lone wild]ness ( ! s\?1 :i* ,isaiah _h call$ a fe>some l& 7xxi4 #a71 & a l& ( tr\ble & angui% 7xxx4 #f71 :i!r1 accord+ to ! poet ( ,job1 ,! c>avans g up & are lo/ 7vi4 #ah74 ,& ,i br\ght y into ! g>d5 l&1 to eat its fruits & its *oice/ ?+s 7 ,isa4 i4 #ai2 ,g54 xlv4 #ah1 #bj1 #bc72 & ye ent]$ & defil$ ,my l&1 & ,my doma9 ye made a loa?some ?+6 7v]4 #g74 ,) ! wild]ness ( ! w&]+s is contra/$ ! l& ( ! c>mel1 ! l& ( fruitful or*>ds & g>d5s1 z 9 *ap4 iv4 #bf42 ,isa4 x4 #ah1 xvi4 #aj1 xxix4 #ag4 ,?is 0 ,canaan1 ,iahvah's own l&1 :i* ,he _h *os5 out ( all c\ntries to be ,8 special dwell+-place & e>?ly sanctu>y2 b :i* ,israel no soon] possess$1 ?an !y began to pollute ?is holy l& by _! s9s1 l ! guilty peoples :om !y _h displac$1 mak+ x !reby an abom9ation to ,iahvah 7,lev4 xviii4 #bd sq41 cf4 *ap4 iii4 #b74 ,! prie/s !y said n1 ,:]e is ,iahvah8 & !y t h&le ! law1 !y knew 7i4e4 reg>d$1 he$$7 ,me n2 & z = ! %eph]ds 7i4e4 ! k+ & pr9ces1 v]4 #bf71 !y rebell$ aga9/ ,me1 & ! prophets1 !y prophesi$ by 7?r\gh7 ! ,baal1 & !m t help n 7i4e4 ! false gods7 !y foll[$ 7v]4 #h74 ,9 ! =m ( a climax1 ?is v]se ju/ifies ! accusation conta9$ 9 ! la/1 by giv+ p>ticul>s4 ,! ?ree rul+ classes are successively indict$ 7cf4 v]4 #bf1 *4 xviii4 #ah74 ,! prie/s1 "p ( ^: duty 0 to h&le ! law1 i4e4 expla9 ! ,torah1 to in/ruct ! p 9 ! requirem5ts ( ,iahvah1 by oral tradition & out ( ! sacr$ law-books1 gave no sign ( spiritual aspiration 7cf4 v]4 #f72 l ! reprobate sons ( ,eli1 !y knew n 7#a ,sam4 ii4 #ab7 ,iahvah1 t is to say1 paid no he$ to ,him & ,8 w z reveal$ 9 ! book ( ! law2 ! secul> au?orities1 ! k+ & 8 c\nsellors 7wise m51 xviii4 #ah71 n only s9n$ ?us negatively1 b positively revolt$ aga9/ ! ,k+ ( k+s1 & resi/$ ,8 w2 :ile ! prophets w5t fur!r yet 9 ! pa? ( guilt1 apo/atiz+ altoge!r f ! ,god ( ,israel1 & seek+ inspiration f ! ,ph5ician ,baal1 & foll[+ wor?less idols t c\ld give no help4 ,!re seems to be a play on ! words ,baal & ,belial1 z if ,baal meant ! same z ,belial1 pr(itless1 wor?less 7cf4 #a ,sam4 ii4 #ab3 ,n[ ,eli's sons 7 sons ( ,belial2 !y knew n ,iahvah4 ,! phrase !y t help n1 or _c help1 sugge/s ! t]m ,belial2 :i*1 h[ev]1 may be d]iv$ f n1 & supreme1 ,god1 & s mean n-,god1 idol1 r ?an wor?lessness1 unpr(itabl5ess1 z x is usually expla9$74 ,! ref]5ce may be to ! ,baal-wor%ip ( ,sam>ia1 ! nor!rn capital1 :i* 0 organis$ by ,ahab1 & 8 ,tyrian que5 7*ap1 xxiii4 #ac74 ,!re=e--on acc\nt ( ?is amaz+ +ratitude ( y\r =efa!rs1--,i w aga9 plead 7reason1 argue =5sically7 ) y 7! pres5t g5]ation 9 :om _! guilt repeats itself7 sai? ,iahvah1 & ) y\r sons' sons 7:o w inh]it y\r s9s7 w ,i plead4 ,! nation is conceiv$ z a moral unity1 ! *>act]i/ics ( :i* are exemplifi$ 9 ea* successive g5]ation4 ,to all ,israel1 pa/1 pres5t1 & future1 ,iahvah w v9dicate 8 own righte\sness4 ,= cross 7! sea7 to ! coa/s ( ! ,citieans 7! p ( ,citium 9 ,cyprus7 & see2 & to ,k$> 7! rude tribes ( ! ,syrian des]t7 s5d ye1 & m>k well1 & see :e!r !re ha? aris5 a case l ?is4 ,ha? a nation *ang$ gods--albeit !y are no-gods8 ,yet ,my p ha? *ang$ 8 7true7 glory = t :i* helpe? n 7or is wor?less74 ,upheave1 ye heav5s 7 1 a f9e p>onomasia71 at ?is1 & %udd] 7&7 be petrifi$ 7 ,ges41 be sore amaz$ 2 b ,hitzig be dry /iff & motionless1 l syn4 9 #a ,k+s xiii4 #d71 sai? ,iahvah2 = two evil ?+s ha? ,my p done3 ,me !y h =sak5--a ,f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]--to hew !m out ci/]ns1 brok5 ci/]ns1 t _c 7imp]f4 pot5tial7 hold wat] 7,heb4 ! wat]s3 g5]ic article7 7vv4 #i-ac74 ,9 ^! five v]ses1 ! apo/asy ( ,israel f 8 own ,god is held up z a fact unique 9 hi/ory--unexampl$ & inexplicable by comp>ison ) ! do+s ( o!r nations4 ,:e!r y look we/w>d or ea/w>d1 across ! sea to ,cyprus1 or beyond ,gilead to ! b>b>\s tribes ( ! ,c$rei 7,ps4 cxx4 #e71 n[h]e w y f9d a hea!n p t has *ang$ its native wor%ip = ano!r2 & if y did f9d su*1 x w\ld be no prec$5t or palliation ( ,israel's behavi\r4 ,! hea!n 9 adopt+ a new wor%ip simply ex*anges "o sup]/ition = ano!r2 ! objects ( 8 devotion are non-gods 7v]4 #aa74 ,! he9\sness & ! ecc5tricity ( ,israel's conduct lies 9 ! fact t he has b>t]$ tru? = falsehood2 he has ex*ang$ 8 ,glory--:om ,amos 7viii4 #g7 calls ! ,pride 7,a4,v4 ,excell5cy7 ( ,jacob--= a useless idol2 an object :i* ! prophet else:]e calls ,! ,%ame 7iii4 #bd1 xi4 #ac71 because x c only br+ %ame & confusion ^u ^? ^: hopes dep5d ^u x4 ,! wond] ( ! ?+ might well be suppos$ to /rike ! pure heav5s1 ! sil5t witnesses ( x1 ) blank a/oni%m5t 7cf4 a simil> appeal 9 ,deut4 iv4 #bf1 xxxi4 #bh1 xxxii4 #a1 :]e ! e>? is add$74 ,= ! evil is n s+le b tw(old4 ,) ! rejection ( tru? goes ! adoption ( error2 & bo? are evils4 ,n only has ,israel turn$ 8 back ^u a f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]s2 he has also hewn him out ci/]ns1 brok5 ci/]ns1 t _c hold wat]4 ,! brok5 ci/]ns are1 ( c\rse1 ! idols :i* ,israel made to himself4 ,z a ci/]n full ( cracks & fissures disappo9ts ! wayf>]1 :o has reckon$ on f9d+ wat] 9 x2 s ! idols1 hav+ only ! semblance & n ! reality ( life1 avail _! wor%ipp]s no?+ 7vv4 #h1 #aa74 ,9 ,hebrew ! wat]s ( a spr+ are call$ liv+ 7,g54 xxi4 #ai71 because !y are m refre%+ &1 z x 71 life-giv+1 ?an ! /agnant wat]s ( pools & tanks f$ by ! ra9s4 ,h5ce by a natural metaphor1 ! m\? ( a righte\s man1 or ! tea*+ ( ! wise1 & ! fe> ( ! ,"l1 are call$ a f\nta9 ( life 7,prov4 x4 #aa1 xiii4 #ad1 xiv4 #bg74 ,! f\nta9 ( life is ) ,iahvah 7,ps4 xxxvi4 #aj72 nay1 ,he is ,himself ! ,f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]s 7,j]4 xvii4 #ac72 because all life1 & all t su/a9s or quick5s life1 especially spiritual life1 proce$s f ,him4 ,n[ 9 ,ps4 xix4 #h x is said t ,! law ( ! ,"l--or1 ! tea*+ ( ,iahvah--is p]fect1 reviv+ 7or re/or+7 ! s\l 7cf4 ,lam4 i4 #aa2 ,ru? iv4 #ae72 & a comp>ison ( ,micah & ,isaiah's /atem5t t ,out ( ,zion w g =? ! law1 & ! ^w ( ! ,"l f ,j]usalem 7,isa4 ii4 #c2 ,mic4 iv4 #b71 ) ! m figurative language ( ,joel 7iii4 #ah7 & ,ze*>iah 7xiv4 #h71 :o speak ( a f\nta9 go+ =? f ! h\se ( ! ,"l1 & liv+ wat]s go+ =? f ,j]usalem1 sugge/s ! inf]5ce t ! liv+ wat]s1 ( :i* ,iahvah is ! p]5nial f\nta91 are id5tical ) ,8 law z reveal$ ?r\gh prie/s & prophets4 ,x is easy to confirm ?is sugge/ion by ref]5ce to ! riv] ^: /reams make glad ! city ( ,god 7,ps4 xlvi4 #d72 to ,isaiah's poetic description ( ! ,div9e tea*+1 ( :i* he 0 himself ! expon5t1 z ! wat]s ( ,%iloah t fl[ s(tly 7viii4 #f71 ,%iloah be+ a spr+ t issues f ! temple rock2 & to our ,"l's conv]sation ) ! woman ( ,sam>ia1 9 :i* ,he *>act]ises ,8 own tea*+ z liv+ wat]s 7,/4 ,john iv4 #aj71 & z a well ( wat]s1 spr++ up unto et]nal ,life 7ibid4 #ad74 ,is ,israel a bondman1 or a homeborn s]f8 ,:y ha? he become a prey8 ,ov] him did "y lions ro>2 !y utt]$ _! voice2 & !y made 8 l& a wa/e2 8 cities1 !y are burnt up 7or ?r[n d[n71 s t !y are un9habit$4 ,yea1 ! sons ( ,noph & ,tahpan7h7es1 !y did bruise !e on ! cr[n4 ,is n ?is :at 7! ?+ t7 ?y =sak+ ,iahvah ?y ,god br\ght ab\t = !e1 at ! "t ,he 0 guid+ !e 9 ! way8 7vv4 #ad-ag74 ,z ,iahvah's bride1 z a p *os5 to be ,8 own1 ,israel _h e reason to expect a bright & glori\s c>e]4 ,:y 0 ?is expectation falsifi$ by ev5ts8 ,b "o answ] 0 possible1 9 view ( ! immutable righte\sness1 ! et]nal fai?fulness ( ,god4 ,! ru9 ( ,israel 0 ,israel's own do+4 ,x is a tru? :i* applies to all nations1 & to all individuals capable ( moral ag5cy1 9 all p]iods & places ( _! exi/5ce4 ,let no man lay 8 failure 9 ?is _w or 9 ! _w to come at ! door ( ! ,almighty4 ,let none v5ture to repeat ! ?\ghtless blasphemy :i* *>ges ! ,all-,m]ciful ) s5d+ frail human be+s to expiate _! (f5ces 9 an ev]la/+ hell6 ,let none d>e to say or ?9k1 ,god might h made x o!rwise1 b ,he w\ld n6 ,oh1 no2 x is all a mon/r\s misconception ( ! true relations ( ?+s4 ,y & ,i are free to make our *oice n[1 :atev] may be ! case h]eaft]4 ,we may *oose to obey ,god1 or to disobey2 we may seek ,8 w1 or our own4 ,! "o is ! way ( life2 ! o!r1 ( dea?1 & no?+ c alt] ! facts2 !y are "p ( ! laws ( ! univ]se4 ,our de/9y is 9 our own h&s1 to make or to m>4 ,if we qualify ourselves = no?+ bett] ?an a hell--if our daily progress leads u f>!r & f>!r f ,god & ne>] & ne>] to ! devil--!n hell w be our et]nal home4 ,= ,god is love1 & purity1 & tru?1 & glad ob$i5ce to righte\s laws2 & ^! ?+s1 realiz$ & rejoic$ 91 are heav54 ,& ! man t lives )\t ^! z ! sov]eign aims ( 8 exi/5ce--! man ^: he>t's wor%ip is c5tr$ ^u some?+ else ?an ,god--/&s already on ! v]ge ( hell1 :i* is ! place ( him t kn[s n 7& c>es n =7 ,god4 ,& unless we are prep>$ to f9d fault ) t natural arrangem5t :]eby l ?+s are aggregat$ to l1 & all physical elem5ts gravitate t[>ds _! own k9d2 ,i d n see h[ we c disp>age ! same law 9 ! spiritual sph]e1 9 virtue ( :i* all spiritual be+s are drawn to _! own place1 ! heav5ly-m9d$ ris+ to ! heights above1 & ! contr>y sort s9k+ to ! dep?s b5ea?4 ,! precise be>+ ( ! "q 7v]4 #ad71 ,is ,israel a bondman1 or a homeborn slave8 is h>dly self-evid5t4 ,"o comm5tator supposes t ! impli$ answ] is an affirmative4 ,israel is a s]vant1 ! s]vant1 t is1 ! wor%ipp] ( ! true ,god4 ,nay1 he is m ?an a m]e bonds]vant2 he occupies ! fav\r$ position ( a slave born 9 8 "l's h\se 7cf4 ,abram's ?ree hundr$ & eighte5 "y m51 ,g54 xiv4 #ad71 & !re=e1 accord+ to ! cu/om ( antiquity1 /&+ on a diff]5t foot+ f a slave acquir$ by pur*ase4 ,! home or h\se is tak5 to mean ! l& ( ,canaan1 :i* ! prophet ,hosea _h designat$ z ,iahvah's h\se 7,hosea ix4 #ae1 cf4 #c72 & ! ,israel int5d$ is suppos$ to be ! exi/+ g5]ation born 9 ! holy l&4 ,! d\ble "q ( ! prophet !n am\nts to ?is3 ,if ,israel be1 z is g5]ally admitt$1 ! fav\rite bonds]vant ( ,iahvah1 h[ comes x t 8 "l has n protect$ him aga9/ ! spoil]8 ,b1 al?\gh ?is int]pretation is n )\t =ce1 x is r5d]$ d\btful by ! ord] ( ! words 9 ! ,hebrew1 :]e ! /ress lies on ! t]ms = bondman & homeborn slave2 & by its bold div]g5ce f ! s5se convey$ by ! same =m ( "q 9 o!r passages ( ! prophet1 e4g4 v]4 #ca infr41 :]e ! answ] expect$ is a negative "o 7cf4 also *ap4 viii4 #d1 #e1 xiv4 #ai1 xlix4 #a4 ,! =mula is evid5tly *>act]i/ic74 ,! po9t ( ! "q seems to lie 9 ! fact ( ! helplessness ( p]sons ( s]vile condition aga9/ occasional acts ( fraud & oppression1 f :i* nei!r ! pur*as$ nor ! homebr$ slave c\ld at all times be secure4 ,! rights ( su* p]sons1 h[ev] humane ! laws affect+ _! ord9>y /atus1 might at times be cynically disreg>d$ bo? by _! ma/]s & by o!rs 7see a notable in/ance1 ,j]4 xxxiv4 #h sqq474 ,moreov]1 !re may be a ref]5ce to ! fact t slaves 7 always reckon$ 9 ^? times z a valuable portion ( ! booty ( conque/2 & ! mean+ may be t ,israel's lot z a captive is z bad z if he _h nev] kn[n ! bless+s ( fre$om1 & _h simply ex*ang$ "o s]vitude = ano!r by ! =tune ( w>4 ,! allusion is *iefly to ! fall5 k+dom ( ,ephraim4 ,we mu/ rememb] t ,j]emiah is review+ ! :ole pa/1 f ! outset ( ,iahvah's special deal+s ) ,israel4 ,! national s9s ( ! nor!rn & m p[]ful bran* _h issu$ 9 utt] ru94 ,! "y lions1 ! =eign invad]s1 _h ro>$ aga9/ ,israel prop]ly s call$1 & made havoc ( ! :ole c\ntry 7cf4 iv4 #g74 ,! l& 0 dispeopl$1 & became an actual haunt ( lions 7#b ,k+s xvii4 #be71 until ,es>haddon colonis$ x ) a motley ga!r+ ( =eign]s 7,ezra iv4 #b74 ,judah too _h suff]$ greatly f ! ,assyrian invasion 9 ,hezekiah's "t1 al?\gh ! la/ calamity _h !n be5 m]cifully av]t$ 7,sanh]ib boa/s t he /orm$ & de/roy$ =ty-six /rong cities1 & c>ri$ (f #bjj1jjj captives1 & an innum]able booty74 ,! implication is t ! evil fate ( ,ephraim ?reat5s to ov]take ,judah2 = ! same moral causes are op]ative1 & ! same ,div9e w1 :i* work$ 9 ! pa/1 is work+ 9 ! pres5t1 & w cont9ue to "w 9 ! future4 ,! lesson ( ! pa/ 0 pla9 = ^? :o _h eyes to read & he>ts to und]/& x4 ,ap>t f ?is prophetic doctr9e ( a ,provid5ce :i* %apes ! de/9ies ( nations1 9 accordance ) _! moral des]ts1 hi/ory has no value except = ! gratification ( m]e intellectual curiosity4 ,aye1 & ! *ildr5 ( ,noph & ,tahpanhes !y bruise 78 us$ to bruise2 are bruis+3 ! ,heb4 may mean ei!r7 !e on ! cr[n 7v]4 #af74 ,?is obvi\sly ref]s to injuries inflict$ by ,egypt1 ! two royal cities ( ,noph or ,memphis1 & ,tahpanhes or ,daphn1 be+ m5tion$ 9 place ( ! c\ntry itself4 ,judah mu/ be ! suff]]1 z no ,egyptian attack on ,ephraim is any:]e record$2 :ile we d read ( ,%i%ak's invasion ( ! s\!rn k+dom 9 ! reign ( ,rehoboam1 bo? 9 ! ,bible 7#a ,k+s xiv4 #be71 & 9 ,%i%ak's own inscriptions on ! walls ( ! temple ( ,am5 at ,k>nak4 ,b ! =m ( ! ,hebrew v]b seems to indicate r "s contempor>y tr\ble2 p]haps plund]+ raids by an ,egyptian army1 :i* ab\t ?is "t 0 besieg+ ! ,phili/9e /ronghold ( ,a%dod 7,h]od41 ii4 #aeg74 ,! ,egyptians are bruis+ 7or cru%+7 !e seems to be ! s5se2 & s x is giv5 by ! ,jewi% comm5tator ,ra%i 7 diffr+unt74 ,our ,engli% m>g9al r5d]+ 7f$ on7 foll[s ! traditional pronunciation ( ! ,hebrew t]m 771 :i* is also ! case ) ! ,t>gum & ! ,syriac v]sions2 b ?is c h>dly be "r1 unless we suppose t ! ,egyptians infe/+ ! fronti] are scornfully comp>$ to v]m9 7read ) ,j4 ,d4 ,mi*47 ( a sort :i*1 z ,h]odotus tells u1 ! ,egyptians p>ticul>ly dislik$ 7b cf4 ,mic4 v4 #e2 ,ges41 depascunt1 eat+ d[n47 ,! ,a4,v4 ( v]4 #ag pres5ts a curi\s mi/ake1 :i* ! ,revis]s h omitt$ to correct4 ,! words %\ld run1 z ,i h r5d]$ !m1 ,is n ?is--?y pres5t ill =tune--! ?+ t ?y =sak+ ( ,iahvah ?y ,god did = !e--at ! "t :5 ,he 0 guid+ !e 9 ! way8 ,! ,hebrew v]b does n admit ( ! r5d]+ 9 ! p]f4 t5se1 = x is an impf41 nor is x a #bnd p]s4 fem4 7 n 7 b a #crd4 ,! ,,lxx4 has x rightly 7 271 b leaves out ! next clause :i* specifies ! "t4 ,! words1 h[ev]1 are probably orig9al2 = !y insi/1 z vv4 #e & #ca insi/1 on ! gr\ndlessness ( ,israel's apo/asy4 ,iahvah _h giv5 no cause = x2 ,he 0 fulfill+ ,8 "p ( ! cov5ant by guid+ !m 9 ! way4 ,guidance or lead+ is ascrib$ to ,iahvah z ! true ,%eph]d ( ,israel 7*ap4 xxxi4 #i2 ,ps4 lxxx4 #a74 ,x d5otes n only ! spiritual guidance :i* 0 giv5 ?r\gh ! prie/s & prophets2 b also t ext]nal prosp]ity1 ^? epo*s ( e/abli%$ p[] & peace & pl5ty1 :i* 7 precisely ! times *os5 by infatuat$ ,israel = defection f ! ,div9e ,giv] ( h] good ?+s4 ,z ! prophet ,hosea expresses x1 ii4 #h sq41 ,%e knew n t x 0 ,i :o gave h] ! corn & ! new w9e & ! oil2 & silv] ,i multipli$ unto h]1 & gold1 :i* !y made into ! ,baal4 ,!re=e w ,i take back ,my corn 9 ! "t ( x1 & ,my new w9e 9 its season1 & w snat* away ,my wool & ,my flax1 :i* 7 to cov] h] nak$ness4 ,& 7*ap4 xiii4 #f7 ! same prophet gives ?is pla9 acc\nt ( 8 p's ?ankless revolt f _! ,god3 ,:5 ,i f$ !m1 !y 7 sat$2 sat$ 7 !y1 & _! he>t 0 lift$ up3 !re=e !y =got ,me4 ,x is ! ?\ght s =cibly express$ by ! m9/rel ( ! ,book ( ! ,law 7,deut4 xxxii4 #ae71 fir/ publi%$ 9 ! e>ly days ( ,j]emiah3 ,& ,je%urun wax$ fat & kick$2 ,?\ wax$/ fat1 & gross & fle%y6 ,& he =sook ! ,god t made him1 ,& made light ( 8 protect+ ,rock4 ,&1 la/ly1 ! ,*ronicl] has po9t$ ! same moral ( human fickl5ess & frailty 9 ! case ( an individual1 ,uzziah or ,az>iah1 ! p[]ful k+ ( ,judah1 ^: prosp]ity s$uc$ him into presumption & pr(anity 7#b ,*ron4 xxvi4 #af73 ,:5 he grew /rong1 8 he>t rose high1 until he dealt corruptly1 & 0 unfai?ful to ,iahvah 8 ,god4 ,i ne$ n enl>ge on ! p]ils ( prosp]ity2 !y are kn[n by bitt] exp]i5ce to e ,*ri/ian man4 ,n )\t good reason d we pray to be deliv]$ f evil ,9 all "t ( our weal?2 nor 0 t poet lea/ conv]sant ) human nature :o wrote t ,sweet are ! uses ( adv]sity4 ,& n[--a common =mula 9 draw+ an inf]5ce & conclud+ an argum5t--:at ha/ ?\ to d ) ! way ( ,egypt1 to dr9k ! wat]s ( ,%ihor 7! ,black ,riv]1 ! ,nile72 & :at ha/ ?\ to d ) ! way to ,assyria1 to dr9k ! wat]s ( ! ,riv]8 7p> excell5ce1 i4e41 ! ,euphrates74 ,?y wick$ness correcte? !e1 & ?y revolts x is t *a/ise !e4 ,"k !n1 & see t evil & bitt] is ?y =sak+ ,iahvah ?y ,god1 & ?9e hav+ no dread ( ,me1 sai? ! ,"l ,iahvah ,sabao? 7vv4 #ah1 #ai74 ,& n[--z ! cause ( all ?y mis=tunes lies 9 ?yself--:at is ! use ( seek+ a cure = !m abroad8 ,egypt w prove z p[]less to help !e n[1 z ,assyria prov$ 9 ! days ( ,ahaz 7v]4 #cf sq474 ,! ,jewi% p1 anticipat+ ! views ( c]ta9 mod]n hi/orians1 made a wrong diagnosis ( _! own evil case4 ,!y trac$ all t !y _h suff]$1 & 7 yet to suff]1 to ! ill w ( ! two great ,p[]s ( _! "t2 & suppos$ t _! only salvation lay 9 conciliat+ ! "o or ! o!r4 ,& z ,isaiah f\nd x necess>y to cry woe on ! rebelli\s *ildr51 t walk to g d[n into ,egypt1 & h n ask$ at ,my m\?2 to /r5g!n !mselves 9 ! /r5g? ( ,ph>aoh1 & to tru/ 9 ! %ad[ ( ,egypt6 7,isa4 xxx4 #a sq471 s n[1 aft] s mu* exp]i5ce ( ! futility & positive h>mfulness ( ^! unequal alliances1 ,j]emiah has to lift 8 voice aga9/ ! same national folly4 ,! "y lions ( v]4 #ae mu/ d5ote ! ,assyrians1 z ,egypt is expressly nam$ 9 v]4 #af4 ,! figure is v appropriate1 = n only 0 ! lion a fav\rite subject ( ,assyrian sculpture2 n only d ! ,assyrian k+s boa/ ( _! pr[ess z lion-hunt]s1 :ile !y ev5 tam$ ^! fi]ce creatures1 & tra9$ !m to ! *ase2 b ! great /r5g? & pr$atory habits ( ! k+ ( bea/s made him a fitt+ symbol ( t great empire ^: irresi/ible p[] 0 f\nd$ ^u & su/a9$ by wrong & robb]y4 ,?is ref]5ce makes x cle> t ! prophet is contemplat+ ! pa/2 = ,assyria 0 at ?is "t already tott]+ to its fall1 & ! ,israel ( 8 day1 i4e4 ! surviv+ k+dom ( ,judah1 _h no long] any temptation to c\rt ! c\nt5ance ( t decay+ if n already ru9$ empire4 ,! s9 ( ,israel is an old "o2 bo? x & its consequ5ces belong to ! pa/ 7v]4 #bj comp>$ ) v]4 #ad72 & ! national attempts to f9d a rem$y mu/ be ref]r$ to ! same p]iod4 ,v]4 #cf makes x evid5t t ! prophet's contempor>ies conc]n$ !mselves only ab\t an ,egyptian alliance4 ,x is an int]e/+ detail t = ! wat]s ( ,%ihor1 ! ,,lxx4 gives wat]s ( ,gihon 771 :i* x w be rememb]$ is ! "n ( "o ( ! f\r riv]s ( ,p>adise1 & :i* appe>s to h be5 ! old ,hebrew "n ( ! ,nile 7,ecclus4 xxiv4 #bg2 ,jos41 ,ant41 i4 #a1 #c74 ,%ihor may be an explanatory sub/itute4 ,= ! re/1 x is pla9 t ! two riv]s symbolize ! two empires 7cf4 ,isa4 viii4 #g2 *ap4 xlvi4 #g72 & ! expression to dr9k ! wat]s ( !m mu/ imply ! receiv+ &1 z x 71 absorption ( :atev] advantage might be suppos$ to accrue f fri5dly relations ) _! respective c\ntries4 ,at ! same "t1 a contra/ seems to be int5d$ betwe5 ^! e>?ly wat]s1 :i* c\ld only disappo9t ^? :o s\ght refre%m5t 9 !m1 & t f\nta9 ( liv+ wat]s 7v]4 #ac7 :i* ,israel _h =sak54 ,! nation s\ght 9 ,egypt its deliv]ance f self-caus$ evil1 mu* z ,saul _h s\ght guidance f wit*es :5 he knew himself des]t$ by ! ,god :om by disob$i5ce he _h driv5 away4 ,9 seek+ ?us to escape ! consequ5ces ( s9 by cem5t+ alliances ) hea!n p[]s1 ,israel add$ s9 to s94 ,h5ce 79 v]4 #ai7 ! prophet reit]ates ) increas$ emphasis :at he has already sugge/$ by a "q 7v]4 #ag73 ,?y wick$ness correcte? !e1 & ?y revolts x is t *a/ise !e4 ,"k !n1 & see t evil & bitt] is ?y =sak+ ( ,iahweh ?y ,god1 & ?9e hav+ no dread ( ,me6 ,le>n f ^! its bitt] fruits t ! ?+ itself is bad 7,read z a #bnd p]s4 in/ead ( 4 ,job xxi4 #cc1 quot$ by ,hitzig1 is n a real p>allel2 nor c ! s5t5ce1 z x /&s1 be r5d]$1 ,und dass die ,s*eu vor mir ni*t an di* kam72 & r5\nce t :i* its consequ5ces decl>e to be an evil c\rse1 in/ead ( aggravat+ ! evil ( x by a new act ( unfai?fulness4 ,= long ago did/ ?\ break ?y yoke1 did/ ?\ bur/ ?y bonds1 & said/1 ,i w n s]ve3 = ^u e high hill1 & "u ea* ev]gre5 tree ?\ w]t cr\*+ 9 =nication 7vv4 #bj-bd74 ,su* seems to be ! be/ way ( tak+ a v]se :i* is f> f cle> z x /&s 9 ! ,masoretic text4 ,! prophet lab\rs to br+ home to 8 he>]s a s5se ( ! reality ( ! national s92 & he affirms once m 7vv4 #e1 #g7 t ,israel's apo/asy orig9at$ long ago1 9 ! e>ly p]iod ( its hi/ory1 & implies t ! ta9t ?us contract$ is a fact :i* c nei!r be d5i$ nor oblit]at$4 7,! punctuators ( ! ,hebrew text1 hav+ po9t$ ! fir/ two v]bs z 9 ! #a/ p]s4 in/ead ( ! #bnd fem99e1 7 oblig$1 fur!r1 to sugge/ ! read+ 1 ,i w n transgress1 = ! orig9al phrase ,i w n s]ve2 a v>iant :i* is f\nd 9 ! ,t>gum1 & _m ,,mss4 & editions4 ,s]v+ & be>+ ! yoke are equival5t expressions 7xxvii4 #aa1 #ab72 s t1 if ! fir/ two v]bs 7 really 9 ! #a/ p]s41 ! s5t5ce ought to be cont9u$ )1 ,& ,i said1 ,?\ %alt n s]ve4 ,b ! purport ( ?is v]se is to ju/ify ! ass]tion ( ! la/1 z is evid5t f ! introductory p>ticle =1 4 ,! ,syriac supports 2 & ! ,,lxx4 & ,vulg4 h ! two lead+ v]bs 9 ! #bnd p]s41 iv4 #ai47 ,! mean+ is t ,israel1 l a /ubborn ox1 has brok5 ! yoke impos$ on him by ,iahvah2 a /atem5t :i* is repeat$ 9 v4 #e3 ,b ^! h altoge!r brok5 ! yoke1 !y h bur/ ! bonds 7cf4 v]4 #ca1 infr42 ,hos4 iv4 #af2 ,acts xxvi4 #ad74 ,yet ,i--,i plant$ !e ) 7or1 z7 noble v9es1 all ( !m g5u9e %oots2 & h[ ha/ ?\ turn$ ,me ?yself into ! wild (f%oots ( a =eign v9e8 7v]4 #ba74 ,! ?\ght seems to be borr[$ f ,isaiah's ,song ( ! ,belov$'s ,v9ey>d 7,isa4 v4 #a sqq474 ,! nation is address$ z a p]son1 end[$ ) a cont9uity ( moral exi/5ce f ! e>lie/ p]iod4 ,! days ( ! life ( a man may be numb]$2 b ! days ( ,israel are innum]able 7,ecclus4 xxxvii4 #be74 ,x 0 ) ! true se$ ( ,abraham1 ! real ,israel1 t ,iahvah _h ent]$ into cov5ant 7,ex4 xviii4 #ai2 ,rom4 ix4 #g72 & ?is g5u9e (fspr+ ( ! patri>* _h its repres5tatives 9 e succe$+ g5]ation1 ev5 9 ! wor/ ( times 7#a ,k+s xix4 #ah74 ,b ! prophet's argum5t seems to imply t ! good plants _h rev]t$ to a wild /ate1 & t ! entire nation _h become hopelessly deg5]ate2 :i* 0 n f> f ! actual condition ( ?+s at ! close ( 8 c>e]4 ,! culm9ation ( ,israel's deg5]acy1 h[ev]1 0 se5 9 ! rejection ( ,him to :om gave all ! prophets witness4 ,! ,passion ( ,*ri/ s\nd$ a deep] dep? ( sacr$ sorr[ ?an ! passion ( any ( ,8 =]unn]s4 ,o ,j]usalem1 ,j]usalem6 ,?\ t kille/ ! prophets1 & /one/ !m t are s5t unto !e6 ,!n on ,my head a cr[n ( ?orns ,i we>2 ,= ^! are all ! grapes ,sion do? be>1 ,?\gh ,i ,my v9e plant$ & wat]$ !re3 ,0 ev] grief l ,m9e8 ,= if ?\ wa% ) natron1 & take !e mu* soap1 spott$ 7crimson$2 ,t>g4 ,isa4 i4 #ah3 or writt51 record$7 is ?y guilt be=e ,me1 sai? ,my ,"l ,iahvah4 ,comp>ison ) ,isa4 i4 #ah1 ,?\gh ?y s9s be z sc>let 444 ?\gh !y be r$ l crimson1 sugge/s t ! =m] r5d]+ ( ! d\btful ^w 77 is correct2 & ?is idea is pla9ly bett] suit$ to ! context ?an a ref]5ce to ! ,books ( ,heav51 & ! ,record+ ,angel2 = ! object ( wa%+ is to get rid ( spots & /a9s4 ,h[ can/ ?\ say1 ,i h n defil$ myself2 aft] ! ,baals ,i h n gone3 ,see ?y way 9 ! valley1 "k :at ?\ ha/ done1 ,o swift %e-camel1 runn+ hi!r & ?i!r 7lit]ally int]tw9+ or cross+ h] ways7 7v]4 #bc74 ,! prophet anticipates a possible attempt at self-ju/ification2 j z 9 v]4 #ce he compla9s ( ,israel's self-righte\sness4 ,bo? "h & !re he is deal+ ) 8 own contempor>ies 9 ,judah2 :]eas ! idolatry describ$ 9 v]4 #bj sqq4 is *iefly t ( ! ru9$ k+dom ( ,ephraim 7*4 iii4 #bd2 #b ,k+s xvii4 #aj74 ,x appe>s t ! wor%ip ( ,baal prop] only exi/$ 9 ,judah = a brief p]iod 9 ! reign ( ,ahaziah's usurp+ que5 ,a?aliah1 side by side ) ! wor%ip ( ,iahvah 7#b ,*ron4 xxiii4 #ag72 :ile on ! high-places & at ! local sanctu>ies ! ,god ( ,israel 0 hon\r$ 7#b ,k+s xviii4 #bb74 ,s f> z ! prophet's compla9ts ref] to old times1 ,judah c\ld c]ta9ly boa/ ( a relatively high] purity ?an ! nor!rn k+dom2 & ! manifold hea!nism ( ,manasseh's reign _h be5 aboli%$ a :ole ye> be=e ?is address 0 deliv]$ 7#b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #c sqq474 ,! valley spok5 ( z ! sc5e ( ,judah's misdo+s is t ( ,b5-,h9nom1 s\? ( ,j]usalem1 :]e1 z ! prophet else:]e relates 7vii4 #ca1 xxxii4 #ce2 #b ,k+s xxiii4 #aj71 ! p sacrific$ *ildr5 by fire to ! god ,mole*1 :om he expressly designates z a ,baal 7xix4 #e1 xxxii4 #ce71 us+ ! t]m 9 its wid] significance1 :i* includes all ! aspects ( ! ,canaanite sun-god4 ,& because ,judah betook h]self n[ to ,iahvah1 & n[ to ,mole*1 v>y+1 z x 71 h] caprici\s c\rse f "r to left & f left to "r1 & halt+ ev]more betwe5 two op9ions 7#a ,k+s xviii4 #ba71 ! prophet calls h] a swift "y %e-camel1--swift1 t is1 = evil--int]tw9+1 or cross+ h] ways4 ,! hot zeal ) :i* ! p wantonly plung$ into a s5sual idolatry is aptly set =? 9 ! figure ( ! next v]se4 ,a wild ass1 us$ to ! wild]ness 7,job xxiv4 #e71 9 ! crav+ ( h] s\l %e snuffe? up 7xiv4 #f7 ! w9d 7n ls/ sie kaum ,a!m g5ug f9d51 indem sie d5selb5 vorweg v]geudet1 z ,hitzig2 b1 z a wild bea/ sc5t+ prey1 cf4 xiv4 #f1 or food af> (f1 %e sc5ts companions at a di/ance72 h] gre$y lu/1 :o c turn x back8 ,none t seek h] ne$ we>y !mselves2 9 h] mon? !y f9d h]4 ,:ile passion rages1 animal in/9ct is too /rong to be div]t$ f its purpose2 x is idle to argue ) bl9d appetite2 x goes /raight to its m>k1 l an arr[ f a b[4 ,only :5 x has _h its way1 & ! reaction ( nature foll[s1 does ! influ5ce ( reason become possible4 ,su* 0 ,israel's passion = ! false gods4 ,!y _h no ne$ to seek h] 7,hos4 ii4 #g2 ,ezek4 xvi4 #cd72 9 ! h\r ( h] infatuation1 %e fell an easy victim to _! passive allurem5ts4 7,! mon? is ! season :5 ! sexual in/9ct is /rong47 ,w>n+s fell on deaf e>s4 ,keep back ?y foot f b>5ess1 & ?y ?roat f ?ir/6 ,?is cry ( ! prophets avail$ no?+3 ,?\ said/1 ,x is va96 7sc4 t ?\ urge/ me47 ,no1 = ,i love ! /rang]s & aft] !m w ,i g6 ,! mean+ ( ! admonition is n v cle>4 ,"s 7e4g4 ,ros5mll]7 h und]/ood a ref]5ce to ! %ameless do+s1 & ! insatiable crav+s ( lu/4 ,o!rs 7z ,ges5ius7 expla9 ! words ?us3 ,d n pursue ?y lov]s 9 su* hot ha/e1 z to we> ?y feet b>e 9 ! wild race6 ,o!rs1 aga91 take ! prohibition lit]ally1 & connect ! b>efoot$ness & ! ?ir/ ) ! orgies ( ,baal-wor%ip 7,hitz471 9 :i* ! prie/s leap$ or r limp$ ) b>e feet 7:at pro(87 on ! blaz+ lt>1 z an act ( religi\s mortification1 %riek+ ! :ile till _! ?roats 7 p>*$ & dry 7,ps4 lxix4 #d1 71 9 fr5zi$ appeal to _! lifeless god 7cf4 ,ex4 iii4 #e2 #b ,sam4 xv4 #cj2 #a ,k+s xviii4 #bf74 ,9 ?is case1 ! comm& is1 ,cease ?is self-tortur+ & bootless wor%ip6 ,b ! =m] s5se seems to agree bett] ) ! context4 ,l ! %ame ( a ?ief1 :5 he is detect$1 s are ! h\se ( ,israel a%am$--!y1 _! k+s1 _! pr9ces1 & _! prie/s1 & _! prophets2 9 t !y say 7are ev] say+7 to ! wood 7iii4 #i 9 ,heb4 masc471 ,?\ art my fa!r6 7iii4 #d7 & to ! /one 79 ,heb4 fem471 ,?\ did/ br+ me =?6 ,= !y 7xxxii4 #cc7 h turn$ t[>ds ,me ! back & n ! face2 b 9 ! "t ( _! tr\ble !y say 7beg9 to say71 ,o rise & save u6 ,b :]e are ?y gods t ?\ made/ = ?yself8 ,let !m arise1 if !y c save !e 9 ! "t ( ?y tr\ble2 = num]\s z ?y cities are ?y gods become1 ,o ,judah6 7vv4 #bf-bh74 ,! ,%ame 77 is ! well-kn[n title ( opprobrium :i* ! prophets apply to ,baal4 ,ev5 9 ! hi/ories1 :i* l>gely dep5d on prophetic s\rces1 we f9d su* sub/itutions z ,i%bo%e? = ,e%baal1 ! ,man ( ,%ame = ,baal's ,man4 ,accord+ly1 ! po9t ( v]4 #bf sqq4 is1 t z ,israel has s]v$ ! ,%ame1 ! idol-gods1 in/ead ( ,iahvah1 %ame has be5 & w be h] rew>d3 9 ! h\r ( bitt] ne$1 :5 %e implores help f ! ,"o true ,god1 %e is put to %ame by be+ ref]r$ back to h] s5seless idols4 ,! ,israel int5d$ is ! entire nation1 z 9 v]4 #c1 & n m]ely ! fall5 k+dom ( ,ephraim4 ,9 v]4 #bh ! prophet specially addresses ,judah1 ! surviv+ repres5tative ( ! :ole p4 ,9 ! book ( ,judges 7x4 #aj-ad7 ! same idea ( ! attitude ( ,iahvah t[>ds ,8 fai?less p f9ds hi/orical illu/ration4 ,oppress$ by ! ,ammonites !y cri$ unto ! ,"l1 say+1 ,we h s9n$ aga9/ ,!e1 9 t we h bo? =sak5 our own ,god1 & h s]v$ ! ,baals2 b ,iahvah1 aft] rem9d+ !m ( pa/ deliv]ances foll[$ by fre% apo/asies1 replies3 ,g1 & cry unto ! gods :i* ye h *os52 let !m save y 9 ! "t ( y\r di/ress6 ,"h also we he> ! e*oes ( a prophetic voice4 ,! object ( su* ironical utt]ances 0 by no means to d]ide ! self-caus$ mis]ies 9 :i* ,israel 0 involv$2 b1 z is evid5t f ! sequel ( ! n>rative 9 ,judges1 to deep5 p5it5ce & contrition1 by mak+ ! p realize ! full flagrancy ( _! s91 & ! suicidal folly ( _! des]tions ( ! ,god :om1 9 times ( national di/ress1 !y recognis$ z ! only possible ,savi\r4 ,9 ! same way & ) ! same end 9 view1 ! prophetic psalmi/ ( ,deut4 xxxii4 repres5ts ! ,god ( ,israel z ask+ 7v]4 #cg7 ,:]e are _! gods2 ! ,rock 9 :i* !y s\ght refuge8 ,t us$ to eat ! fle% ( _! sacrifices1 t drank ! w9e ( _! libation8 ,let !m arise & help y2 let !m be ov] y a %elt]6 ,! purpose is to br+ home to !m a conviction ( ! utt] vanity ( idol-wor%ip2 = ! poet cont9ues3 ,see n[ t ,i ev5 ,i am ,he--! "o ,god--& !re is no ,god beside ,me 7) ,me1 %>+ ,my sole attributes72 ',tis ,i t kill & save alive2 ,i h cru%$1 & ,i heal4 ,! folly ( ,israel is made conspicu\s1 fir/ by ! expression ,say+ to ! wood1 ,?\ art my fa!r1 & to ! /one1 ,?\ did/ br+ me =?2 & secondly1 by ! /atem5t1 ,num]\s z ?y cities are ?y gods become1 ,o ,judah6 ,9 ! =m]1 we h a mo/ int]e/+ glimpse ( ! po9t ( view ( ! hea!n wor%ipp] ( ! sev5? c5tury ,b4,c41 f :i* x appe>s t by a god he meant ! orig9al1 i4e41 ! real au?or ( 8 own exi/5ce4 ,mu* has be5 writt5 9 rec5t ye>s to prove t man's elem5t>y notions ( deity are ( an altoge!r l[] k9d ?an ^? :i* f9d expression 9 ! wor%ip ( a ,fa!r 9 heav52 b :5 we see t su* an idea c\ld subsi/ ev5 9 connexion ) ! mo/ impure nature-wor%ips1 z 9 ,canaan1 & :5 we obs]ve t x 0 a famili> conception 9 ! religion ( ,egypt sev]al ?\s& ye>s previ\sly1 we may well d\bt :e!r ?is idea ( an ,unse5 ,fa!r ( our race is n z old z humanity itself4 ,! s>ca/ic ref]5ce to ! numb] ( ,judah's idols may rem9d u ( :at is record$ ( classic ,a!ns1 9 ^: /reets x 0 said to be easi] to f9d a god ?an a man4 ,! irony ( ! prophet's rem>k dep5ds on ! consid]ation t !re is1 or ought to be1 safety 9 numb]s4 ,! impot5ce ( ! false gods c\ld h>dly be put 9 a /rong] light 9 words z few z ! prophet has us$4 ,9 *ap4 xi4 #ac he repeats ! /atem5t 9 an amplifi$ =m3 ,= num]\s z ?y cities h ?y gods become1 ,o ,judah2 & num]\s z ! /reets ( ,j]usalem h ye made alt>s = ,! ,%ame1 alt>s = sacrific+ to ! ,baal4 ,f ?is passage1 app>5tly1 ! ,,lxx4 d]iv$ ! words :i* x adds "h3 ,& accord+ to ! numb] ( ! /reets ( ,j]usalem did !y sacrifice to ! 7image (7 ,baal 7 74 ,:y cont5d ye ) ,me8 ,all ( y h rebell$ aga9/ ,me1 sai? ,iahvah4 7,,lxx4 1 4 ,eb5falls au!ntis* says ,hitzig74 ,9 va9 h ,i smitt5 y\r sons2 correction !y 7i4e41 ! p2 b ,,lxx4 may be correct71 receiv$ n6 y\r own sword ha? eat5 up y\r prophets1 l a de/roy+ lion4 ,g5]ation t ye are6 ,see ! ^w ( ,iahvah6 ,is x a wild]ness t ,i h be5 to ,israel1 or a l& ( deepe/ gloom8 ,:y h ,my p said1 ,we are free2 we w come no m unto ,!e8 ,do? a virg9 =get h] ornam5ts1 a bride h] b&s 7or g>l&s1 ,ra%i78 yet ,my p ha? =gott5 ,me days )\t numb] 7vv4 #bi-cb74 ,! "q1 ,:y cont5d1 or dispute ye 771 or1 z ! ,,lxx4 has x1 talk ye 77 t[>ds or ab\t ,me 778 implies t ! p murmur$ at ! reproa*es & m5aces ( ! prophet 7v]4 #bf sqq474 ,he answ]s !m by d5y+ _! "r to compla94 ,_! rebellion has be5 univ]sal2 no *a/isem5t has re=m$ !m2 ,iahvah has done no?+ :i* c be alleg$ 9 excuse ( _! unfai?fulness2 _! s9 is1 !re=e1 a port5t\s anomaly1 = :i* x is impossible to f9d a p>allel 9 ord9>y human conduct4 ,9 va9 _h _! sons1 ! "y m5 ( milit>y age1 fall5 9 battle 7,amos iv4 #aj72 ! nation _h /ubbornly refus$ to see 9 su* disa/]s a sign ( ,iahvah's displeasure1 a tok5 ( ,div9e *a/isem5t2 or r1 :ile recognis+ ! wra? ( heav51 !y _h ob/9ately p]si/$ 9 believ+ 9 false explanations ( its motive1 & refus$ to admit t ! purpose ( x 0 _! religi\s & moral am5dm5t4 ,& n only _h ! nation refus$ w>n+1 & despis$ in/ruction1 & defeat$ ! purposes ( ! ,div9e discipl9e4 ,!y _h sla9 _! spiritual monitors1 ! prophets1 ) ! sword2 ! prophets :o _h f\nd$ ^u ! national disa/]s _! rebukes ( national s91 & _! e>ne/ calls to p5it5ce & re=m 7#a ,k+s xix4 #aj2 ,neh4 ix4 #bf2 ,/4 ,matt4 xxiii4 #cg74 ,& s :5 at la/ ! long def]r$ judgm5t arriv$1 x f\nd a political sy/em ready to g to pieces ?r\gh ! feebl5ess & corruption ( ! rul+ classes2 a religi\s sy/em1 ( :i* ! _s _h long s9ce evaporat$1 & :i* simply surviv$ 9 ! int]e/s ( a v5al prie/hood1 & its intimate allies1 :o made a trade ( prophecy2 & a k+dom & p ripe = de/ruction4 ,at ! ?\ght ( ?is cr[n+ outrage1 ! prophet _c re/ra9 8 indignation4 ,g5]ation t ye are6 he exclaims1 behold ! ^w ( ! ,"l4 ,is x a wild]ness t ,i h be5 to ,israel1 or a l& ( deepe/ gloom8 ,h ,i be5 a ?ankless1 b>r5 soil1 return+ no?+ = y\r culture8 ,! "q is m po9t$ 9 ,hebrew ?an 9 ,engli%2 = ! same t]m 7 abad7 means bo? to till ! gr\nd1 & to s]ve & wor%ip ,god4 ,we h ?us an emphatic repetition ( ! remon/rance ) :i* ! address op5s3 ,iahweh has n be5 unm9dful ( ,israel's s]vice2 ,israel has be5 p]si/5tly ungrateful = ,iahvah's graci\s love4 ,! cry ,we are free6 77 implies t !y _h brok5 away f a pa9ful yoke & a burd5some s]vice 7cf4 v]4 #bj72 ! yoke be+ t ( ! ,moral ,law1 & ! s]vice t p]fect fre$om :i* consi/s 9 subjection to ,div9e ,reason4 ,?us s9 always triumphs 9 ca/+ away man's noble/ pr]ogative2 9 trampl+ "u foot t loyalty to ! high] ideal :i* is ! bridal adornm5t & ! peculi> glory ( ! s\l4 ,:y hurrie/ ?\ to seek ?y love8 7,lit4 :y do/ ?\ make good ?y way8 some:at z we say1 to make good way ) a ?+7 7v]4 #cc74 ,! key to ! mean+ "h is suppli$ by v]4 #cf3 ,:y art ?\ 9 su* ha/e to *ange ?y way8 ,9 7,(7 ,egypt also ?\ %alt be disappo9t$1 z ?\ w]t 9 ,assyria4 ,! way is t :i* leads to ,egypt2 & ! love is t apo/asy f ,iahvah :i* inv>iably accompanies an alliance ) =eign peoples 7v]4 #ah74 ,if y g to ,assyria1 y dr9k ! wat]s ( ! ,euphrates1 i4e41 y are expos$ to all ! malign influ5ces ( ! hea!n l&4 ,else:]e1 also 7iv4 #cj71 ,j]emiah speaks ( ! =eign peoples1 ^: connexion ,israel s anxi\sly c\rt$1 z h] lov]s2 & ! metaphor is a common "o 9 ! prophets4 ,! words :i* foll[ are obscure4 ,!re=e ! evil ?+s also ha/ ?\ taught ?y ways4 ,:at evil ?+s8 ,else:]e ! t]m d5otes mis=tunes1 calamities 7,lam4 iii4 #ch72 & s probably "h 7cf4 iii4 #e74 ,! s5se seems to be3 ,?\ ha/ done evil1 & 9 s do+ ha/ taught ,evil to dog ?y /eps6 ,! t]m evil obvi\sly sugge/s ! two mean+s ( s9 & ! puni%m5t ( s92 z we say1 ,be sure y\r s9 w f9d y out6 ,v]4 #cd expla9s :at 0 ! special s9 t foll[$ & clung to ,israel3 ,also1 9 ?y skirts--! bord]s ( ?y g>m5ts--are !y 7! evil ?+s7 f\nd1 viz41 ! life-blood ( innoc5t helpless ones2 n t ?\ did/ f9d !m h\se-break+1 & s had/ excuse = slay+ !m 7,exod4 xxii4 #b72 b = all ^! w>n+s or1 because ( all ^! apo/asies & dally+s ) ! hea!n1 :i* !y d5\nc$ 7cf4 iii4 #g71 ?\ slewe/ !m4 ,! murd] ( ! prophets 7v]4 #cj7 0 ! unaton$ guilt :i* clung to ! skirts ( ,israel4 ,& ?\ said/1 ,c]ta9ly ,i am absolv$6 ,surely ,8 wra? is turn$ away f me6 ,behold ,i wilt reason ) !e1 because ?\ saye/1 ,i s9n$ n6 7v]4 #ce74 ,?is is :at ! p said :5 !y murd]$ ! prophets4 ,!y1 & d\btless _! false guides1 reg>d$ ! national disa/]s z s mu* atonem5t = _! s9s4 ,!y believ$ t ,iahvah's wra? _h exhau/$ itself 9 ! infliction ( :at !y _h already endur$1 & t !y 7 n[ absolv$ f _! (f5ces4 ,! prophets look$ at ! matt] diff]5tly4 ,to !m1 national disa/]s 7 w>n+s ( worse to foll[1 unless ! p w\ld take !m 9 t s5se1 & turn f _! evil ways4 ,! p pref]r$ to ?9k t _! acc\nt ) ,iahvah _h be5 balanc$ & settl$ by _! mis=tunes 9 w> 7v]4 #cj74 ,h5ce !y slew ^? :o nev] we>i$ ( affirm+ ! contr>y1 & ?reat5+ fur!r woe1 z false prophets 7,deut4 xviii4 #bj74 ,! say+1 ,i s9n$ n6 ref]s to ^! cruel acts2 !y decl>$ !mselves guiltless 9 ! matt] ( slay+ ! prophets1 z if _! blood 0 on _! own heads4 ,! only practical issue ( ! national tr\bles 0 t in/ead ( re=m+1 !y s\ght to ent] into fre% alliances ) ! hea!n1 ?us1 f ! po9t ( view ( ! prophets1 add+ s9 to s94 ,:y art ?\ 9 su* ha/e to *ange ?y way8 7i4e4 ?y c\rse ( action1 ?y =eign policy74 ,?r\gh ,egypt also %alt ?\ be %am$1 z ?\ ha/ be5 %am$ ?r\gh ,assyria4 ,out ( ?is affair also 7or1 f him1 z ! c\ntry is p]haps p]sonifi$ z a lov] ( ,judah27 %alt ?\ g =? ) ?9e h&s ^u ?9e head 79 tok5 ( di/ress1 #b ,sam4 xiii4 #ai3 ,tam>72 = ,iahvah ha? reject$ ! objects ( ?y tru/1 s t ?\ can/ n be successful reg>d+ !m 7vv4 #cf1 #cg74 ,! ,egyptian alliance1 l ! =m] "o ) ,assyria1 0 de/9$ to br+ no?+ b %ame & confusion to ! ,jewi% p4 ,! prophet urges pa/ exp]i5ce ( simil> und]tak+s1 9 ! hope ( det]r+ ! politicians ( ! day f _! fooli% ent]prise4 ,b all t !y _h le>nt f ! failure & loss entail$ by _! intrigues ) "o =eign p[] 01 t x 0 exp$i5t to try ano!r4 ,s !y made ha/e to *ange _! way1 to alt] ! direction ( _! policy f ,assyria to ,egypt4 ,k+ ,hezekiah _h r5\nc$ 8 vassalage to ,assyria1 9 reliance1 z x w\ld seem1 on ! support ( ,tah>ka1 k+ ( ,egypt & ,e?iopia 7#b ,k+s xviii4 #g2 cf4 ,isa4 xxx4 #a-e72 & n[ aga9 ! nation 0 coquett+ ) ! same p[]4 ,z has be5 /at$1 an ,egyptian =ce lay at ?is "t on ! conf9es ( ,judah1 & ! prophet may be ref]r+ to fri5dly advances ( ! ,jewi% pr9ces t[>ds its lead]s4 ,9 ! ,hebrew1 *4 iii4 op5s ) ! ^w say+ 774 ,no real p>allel to ?is c be f\nd else:]e1 & ! ,sept4 & ,syriac omit ! t]m4 ,:e!r we foll[ ^! anci5t au?orities1 & d ! same1 or :e!r we pref] to suppose t ! prophet orig9ally wrote1 z usually1 ,& ! ,^w ( ,iahvah came unto me1 say+1 w n make mu* diff]5ce4 ,"o ?+ is cle>2 ! division ( ! *apt]s is 9 ?is in/ance errone\s1 = ! %ort section1 iii4 #a-e1 obvi\sly belongs to & completes ! argum5t ( *4 ii4 ,! /atem5t ( v]4 #cg1 t ,israel w n prosp] 9 ! negotiations ) ,egypt1 is ju/ifi$ 9 iii4 #a by ! consid]ation t prosp]ity is an outcome ( ! ,div9e fav\r1 :i* ,israel has =feit$4 ,! rejection ( ,israel's confid5ces implies ! rejection ( ! p !mselves 7vii4 #bi74 ,if a man divorce 8 wife & %e g away f him 7 de *ez lu71 & become ano!r man's1 do? he 7h] =m] husb&7 return unto h] aga98 ,w\ld n t l& be utt]ly pollut$8 ,x is ! case contemplat$ 9 ! ,book ( ! ,law 7,deut4 xxiv4 #a-d71 ! supposition be+ t ! second husb& may divorce ! woman1 or t ! bond betwe5 !m may be dissolv$ by 8 dea?4 ,9 ei!r cont+5cy1 ! law =bade reunion ) ! =m] husb&1 z abom9ation be=e ,iahvah2 & ,david's treatm5t ( 8 t5 wives1 :o _h be5 publicly w$d$ by 8 rebel son ,absalom1 proves ! antiquity ( ! usage 9 ?is respect 7#b ,sam4 xx4 #c74 ,! relation ( ,israel to ,iahvah is ! relation to h] =m] husb& ( ! divorc$ wife :o has m>ri$ ano!r4 ,if any?+ x is worse4 ,& ?\1 ?\ ha/ play$ ! h>lot ) _m p>am\rs2 & %alt ?\ return unto ,me8 sai? ,iahvah4 ,! v idea ( x is reject$ ) indignation4 ,! ,au?or ( ! law w n s flagrantly break ! law4 7,) ! ,heb4 =m ( ! "q1 cf4 ! ,lat9 use ( ! inf94 ,m5e incepto desi/]e victam87 ,! details ( ! unfai?fulness ( ,israel--! pro(s t %e belongs to o!rs & n to ,iahvah--are gl>+ly obvi\s2 contradiction is impossible4 ,lift up ?9e eyes ^u ! b>e fells1 & see6 cries ! prophet2 :]e ha/ ?\ n be5 =c$8 ,by ! roadsides ?\ sate/ = !m l a ,b$awi 9 ! wild]ness1 & ?\ pollut$/ ! l& ) ?y :or$om & ) ?9e evil 7,hos4 vi4 #ac74 ,on e hill-top ! evid5ce ( ,judah's s9ful dalliance ) idols 0 visible2 9 h] eag]ness to consort ) ! false gods1 ! objects ( h] infatuation1 %e 0 l a c\rtesan look+ out = p>am\rs by ! wayside 7,g54 xxxviii4 #ad71 or an ,arab ly+ 9 wait = ! unw>y travell] 9 ! des]t4 7,!re may be a ref]5ce to ! artificial bamo? or high places erect$ at ! top ( ! /reets1 on :i* ! wret*$ wom51 consecrat$ to ! %ameful rites ( ! ,canaanite goddess ,a%tore?1 7 wont to sit ply+ _! trade ( temptation3 #b ,k+s xxiii4 #h2 ,ezek4 xvi4 #be74 ,we mu/ nev] =get t1 repulsive & f>fet*$ z ^! comp>isons ( an apo/ate p to a s9ful woman may seem to u1 ! ideas & cu/oms ( ! "t made !m p]fectly apposite4 ,! wor%ip ( ! gods ( ,canaan involv$ ! practice ( ! f\le/ impurities2 & by h] revolt f ,iahvah1 h] "l & husb&1 accord+ to ! common ,semitic conception ( ! relation betwe5 a p & _! god1 ,israel became a h>lot 9 fact z well z 9 figure4 ,! l& 0 pollut$ ) h] :or$oms1 i4e41 h] wor%ip ( ! false gods1 & h] practice ( _! vile rites2 & ) h] evil1 z in/anc$ above 7ii4 #cj1 #ce7 9 ! murd] ( ^? :o prote/$ aga9/ ^! ?+s 7,num4 xxxv4 #cc2 ,ps4 cvi4 #ch74 ,z a puni%m5t = ^! grave (f5ces1 ! %[]s 7 )hold51 & ! spr+ ra9s fell n2 b ! m]ciful purpose ( ?is ,div9e *a/isem5t 0 n fulfill$2 ! p 7 n /irr$ to p5it5ce1 b r h>d5$ 9 _! s9s3 b ?\ had/ a h>lot's =ehead2 ?\ refus$/ to be made a%am$6 ,& n[ ! day ( grace is pa/1 & rep5tance comes too late4 ,ha/ ?\ n b n[ call$ unto ,me1 ,my ,fa!r6 ,fri5d ( my y\? w]t ,?\8 ,w ,he reta9 ,8 wra? = ev]8 or keep x )\t end8 7vv4 #c1 #e74 ,! ref]5ce appe>s to be to ! ext]nal re=ms accompli%$ by ! "y k+ ,josiah 9 8 twelf? ye>--! ye> previ\s to ! utt]ance ( ?is prophecy2 :51 z we read 9 #b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #c1 ,he began to purge ,judah & ,j]usalem f ! high places1 & ! ,a%]im1 & ! c>v5 images1 & ! molt5 images4 ,to all appe>ance1 x 0 a return ( ! nation to its old allegiance2 ! return ( ! rebelli\s *ild to its fa!r1 ( ! err+ wife to ! husb& ( h] y\?4 ,by ^? two sacr$ names :i* 9 h] inexcusable fickl5ess & +ratitude %e _h lavi%$ ^u /ocks & /ones1 ,israel n[ seem$ to be invok+ ! rel5t+ compassion ( h] ali5at$ ,god 7ii4 #bg1 ii4 #b74 ,b ap>t f ! d\bt atta*+ to ! reality ( re=mations to ord]1 c>ri$ out 9 ob$i5ce to a royal decree2 ap>t f ! "q :e!r outw>d *anges s easily & rapidly accompli%$1 9 accordance ) ! w ( an absolute mon>*1 7 accompani$ by any tok5s ( a g5u9e national rep5tance2 ! s9 ( ,israel _h gone too f>1 & be5 p]si/$ 9 too long1 = its t]rible consequ5ces to be av]t$4 ,behold--x is ! clos+ s5t5ce ( ! address2 a s5t5ce fraught ) despair1 & ! c]ta9ty ( com+ ru92--,behold1 ?\ ha/ plann$ & accompli%$ ! evil 7ii4 #cc72 & ?\ ha/ prevail$6 ,! approa*es ( ! p are met by ! assurance t _! own plans & do+s1 r ?an ,iahvah's wra?1 are ! direct cause ( pa/ & prospective adv]sity2 ill do+ is ! "m ( ill =tune4 ,israel inf]r$ f h] tr\bles t ,god 0 angry ) h]2 & %e is in=m$ by ,8 prophet t1 _h %e be5 b5t on br++ ^? tr\bles ab\t1 %e c\ld n h *os5 any o!r l9e ( conduct ?an t :i* %e _h actually pursu$4 ,! t]m evils aga9 sugge/s bo? ! false & impure wor%ips1 & _! calamit\s moral consequ5ces4 ,aga9/ ! w ( ,iahvah1 ,8 p _h wr\ght = its own ru91 & _h prevail$4 ,& n[ let u take a f>ewell look at ! disc\rse 9 its entirety4 ,beg9n+ at ! beg9n+1 ! dawn ( 8 p's life z a nation1 ! "y prophet decl>es t 9 h] e>ly days1 9 ! old times ( simple piety & ! uncorrupt$ life ( ! des]t1 ,israel _h be5 true to h] ,god2 & h] devotion to h] ,div9e sp\se _h be5 rew>d$ by guidance & protection4 ,israel 0 a ?+ consecrat$ to ,iahvah2 :oev] eat ( x 0 held guilty1 & evil came ^u !m 7ii4 #a-c74 ,?is happy /ate ( mutual love & tru/ betwe5 ! ,"l & ,8 p began to *ange ) ! great *ange 9 outw>d circum/ances involv$ 9 _! conque/ ( ,canaan & settlem5t among ! aborig9al inhabitants z ! rul+ race4 ,) ! l&s & cities ( ! conqu]$1 ! conqu]ors soon le>n$ to adopt also _! cu/oms ( wor%ip1 & ! lic5ti\s m]rim5t ( _! sacrifices & fe/ivals4 ,gradually !y lo/ all s5se ( any radical di/9ction betwe5 ! ,god ( ,israel & ! local deities at ^: anci5t sanctu>ies !y n[ wor%ipp$ ,him4 ,soon !y =got _! debt to ,iahvah2 ,8 graci\s & long-cont9u$ guidance 9 ! ,arabian /eppes1 & ! lov+ c>e :i* _h e/abli%$ !m 9 ! goodly l& ( or*>ds & v9ey>ds & cornfields4 ,! prie/s ceas$ to c>e ab\t asc]ta9+ & decl>+ ,8 w2 ! pr9ces op5ly broke ,8 laws2 & ! popul> prophets spoke 9 ! "n ( ! popul> ,baals 7vv4 #d-h74 ,!re 0 some?+ peculi>ly /range & />tl+ 9 ?is g5]al des]tion ( ! national ,god & ,deliv]]2 x 0 unp>allel$ among ! surr\nd+ hea!n races4 ,!y 7 fai?ful to gods t 7 no gods2 ,israel actually ex*ang$ h] ,glory1 ! liv+ s\rce ( all h] /r5g? & well-be+1 = a useless1 helpless idol4 ,h] behavi\r 0 z crazy z if %e _h pref]r$ a ci/]n1 all cracks & fissures1 t c\ld n possibly hold wat]1 to a nev]-fail+ f\nta9 ( sweet spr+ wat] 7vv4 #i-ac74 ,! consequ5ces 7 only too pla9 to su* z _h eyes to see4 ,israel1 ! s]vant1 ! fav\r$ slave ( ,iahvah1 0 robb$ & spoil$4 ,! lions1 ! fi]ce & rapaci\s w>riors ( ,assyria _h ravag$ 8 l&1 & ru9$ 8 cities2 :ile ,egypt 0 prov+ b a trea*]\s fri5d1 pilf]+ & plund]+ on ! bord]s ( ,judah4 ,x 0 all ,israel's own do+2 =sak+ 8 ,god1 he _h =feit$ ! ,div9e protection4 ,x 0 8 own apo/asy1 8 own frequ5t & flagrant revolts :i* 7 puni%+ him ?us4 ,va91 !re=e1 utt]ly va9 7 8 endeav\rs to f9d deliv]ance f tr\ble 9 an alliance ) ! great hea!n p[]s ( ,s\? or ,nor? 7vv4 #ad-ai74 ,rebellion 0 no new feature 9 ! national hi/ory4 ,no2 = ( old ! p _h brok5 ! yoke ( ,iahvah1 & bur/ ! bonds ( ,8 ord9ances1 & said1 ,i w n s]ve6 & on e high hill1 & "u e ev]gre5 tree1 ,israel _h b[$ d[n to ! ,baalim ( ,canaan1 9 spiritual adult]y f h] ,div9e ,"l & ,husb&4 ,! *ange 0 a port5t2 ! noble v9e-%oot _h deg5]at$ into a wor?less wild+ 7vv4 #bj-ba74 ,! s9 ( ,israel 0 invet]ate & +ra9$2 no?+ c\ld wa% out ! /a9 ( x4 ,d5ial ( h] guilt 0 futile2 ! dreadful rites 9 ! valley ( ,h9nom witness$ aga9/ h]4 ,h] passion = ! =eign wor%ips 0 z insatiable & head/rong z ! fi]ce lu/ ( ! camel or ! wild ass4 ,to prote/s & w>n+s h] sole reply 03 ,x is 9 va96 ,i love ! /rang]s1 & !m w ,i foll[6 ,! outcome ( all ?is wilful apo/asy 0 ! %ame ( defeat & disa/]1 ! humiliation ( disappo9tm5t1 :5 ! helplessness ( ! /ocks & /ones1 :i* _h supplant$ h] ,heav5ly ,fa!r1 0 demon/rat$ by ! c\rse ( ev5ts4 ,!n %e be?\ght h] ( ! ,god %e _h s lightly =sak51 only to he> 9 ,8 sil5ce a bitt]ly ironical ref]5ce to ! multitude ( h] help]s1 ! gods ( h] own creation4 ,! national rev]ses fail$ ( ! effect int5d$ 9 ! c\nsels ( ,provid5ce4 ,h] sons _h fall5 9 battle2 b in/ead ( rep5t+ ( h] evil ways1 %e slew ! fai?ful prophets :o w>n$ h] ( ! consequ5ces ( h] misde$s 7vv4 #bj-cj74 ,x 0 ! cr[n+ s92 ! cup ( h] iniquity 0 full to ov]fl[+4 ,indignant at ! memory ( x1 ! prophet once m insi/s t ! national crimes are :at has put mis=tune on ! track ( ! nation2 & *iefly1 ?is he9\s "o ( kill+ ! mess5g]s ( ,god l h\sebreak]s caught 9 ! act2 & !n aggravat+ _! guilt by self-ju/ification1 & by resort+ to ,egypt = t help1 :i* !y despair$ ( obta9+ f an outrag$ ,god4 ,all su* negotiations1 pa/ or pres5t1 7 doom$ to failure be=eh&2 ! ,div9e s5t5ce _h gone =?1 & x 0 idle to cont5d aga9/ x 7vv4 #ca-cg74 ,idle also x 0 to indulge 9 hopes ( ! re/oration ( ,div9e fav\r4 ,j z x 0 n op5 to a disc>d$ wife to return to h] husb& aft] liv+ ) ano!r2 s might n ,israel be receiv$ back into h] =m] position ( ! ,bride ( ,heav51 aft] %e _h play$ ! h>lot ) _m lov]s4 ,d\btless ( late %e _h giv5 tok5s ( rememb]+ h] =gott5 ,"l1 call+ ^u ! ,fa!r :o _h be5 ! guide ( h] y\?1 & deprecat+ ! cont9uance ( ,8 wra?4 ,b ! "t 0 long s9ce pa/1 :5 x 0 possible to av]t ! evil consequ5ces ( h] misdo+s4 ,%e _h1 z x 71 /eadily purpos$ & wr\ght out h] own evils2 bo? h] s9s & h] suff]+s pa/ & to come3 ! iron sequ5ce c\ld n be brok52 ! ru9 %e _h c\rt$ lay be=e h] 9 ! ne> future3 %e _h prevail$4 ,all ef=ts su* z %e 0 n[ mak+ to /ave x (f 7 l a dea?b$ rep5tance2 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 !y c\ld n annihilate ! pa/1 nor undo :at _h be5 done1 nor sub/itute ! fruit ( hol9ess = ! fruit ( s91 ! rew>d ( fai?fulness & purity = ! wages ( worldl9ess1 s5suality1 & =getfulness ( ,god4 ,?us ! disc\rse />ts ) impea*m5t1 & ends ) irrev]sible doom4 ,its tone is comm9atory ?r\gh\t2 n[h]e d we he>1 z 9 o!r prophecies1 ! promise ( p>don 9 return = p5it5ce4 ,su* prea*+ 0 necess>y1 if ! nation 0 to be br\ght to a due s5se ( its evil2 & ! re=mation ( ! eighte5? ( ,josiah1 :i* 0 und\bt$ly accompani$ by a consid]able am\nt ( g5u9e rep5tance among ! gov]n+ classes1 0 9 all likelihood fur!r$ by ?is & simil> prophetic orations4#bj ,,footnotes3 #ai 1 s f> z ! punctuation sugge/s t ! t]m is a comp\nd1 mean+ %ad[ ( dea?1 is "o ( ! fictions ( ! ,masorets1 l & & 9 ! ,psalms4 #bj ,p]haps1 too1 ! imm$iate object ( ! prophet 0 atta9$1 :i* 01 z ,ewald ?9ks1 to dissuade ! p f alliance ) ,psammiti*us1 ! vigor\s mon>* :o 0 !n reviv+ ! p[] & ambition ( ,egypt4 ,j]emiah dread$ ! effects ( ,egyptian influ5ce ^u ! religion & morals ( ,judah4 ,ewald notes ! significant abs5ce ( all ref]5ce to ! enemy f ! nor?1 :o appe>s 9 all ! lat] pieces4 ,,iii4 ,,israel ,,& ,,judah3 ,a ,,contra/4 ,,j]emiah iii4 #f-;iv4 #b4 ,! fir/ address ( our prophet 0 ?r\gh\t ( a sombre ca/1 & ! d>kness ( its close 0 n reliev$ by a s+le ray ( hope4 ,x 0 ess5tially a comm9atory disc\rse1 ! purpose ( x be+ to r\se a s9ful nation to ! s5se ( its p]il1 by a fai?ful picture ( its actual condition1 :i* 0 s diff]5t f :at x 0 popul>ly suppos$ to be4 ,! veil is torn aside2 ! real relations betwe5 ,israel & 8 ,god are expos$ to view2 & x is se5 t ! inevitable goal ( p]si/5ce 9 ! c\rse :i* has br\ght p>tial disa/]s 9 ! pa/1 is c]ta9 de/ruction 9 ! imm95t future4 ,x is impli$1 b n said1 t ! only ?+ t c save ! nation is a complete rev]sal ( policies hi!rto pursu$1 9 ,*ur* & ,/ate & private life2 & x is app>5tly tak5 = grant$ t ! ?+ impli$ is no long] possible4 ,! la/ ^w ( ! disc\rse 03 ,?\ ha/ purpos$ & p]=m$ ! evils1 & ?\ ha/ conqu]$ 7iii4 #e74 ,! address be=e u =ms a /rik+ contra/ to ?is d>k picture4 ,x op5s a door ( hope = ! p5it5t4 ,! he>t ( ! prophet _c re/ 9 ! ?\ght ( ! utt] rejection ( 8 p2 ! h>% & dre>y ann\ncem5t t 8 p's woes are self-caus$ _c be 8 la/ ^w4 ,8 ang] 0 only love provok$ to di/raction2 "h x has come to itself aga91 & holds out an (f] ( grace fir/ to t "p ( ! :ole nation :i* ne$s x mo/1 ! fall5 k+dom ( ,ephraim1 & !n to ! entire p4 ,! all ,israel ( ! =m] disc\rse is "h divid$ into its two sections1 :i* are contra/$ ) ea* o!r1 & !n aga9 consid]$ z a unit$ nation4 ,?is feature di/+ui%es ! piece f t :i* beg9s *ap4 iv4 #c1 & :i* is address$ to ,judah & ,j]usalem r ?an to ,israel & ,judah1 l ! "o be=e u4 ,an outl9e ( ! disc\rse may be giv5 ?us4 ,x is %[n t ,judah has n tak5 w>n+ by ,iahvah's rejection ( ! si/] k+dom 7#f-aj72 & t ,ephraim may be pron\nc$ less guilty ?an ,judah1 see+ t %e _h witness$ no su* signal example ( ! ,div9e v5geance on h>d5$ apo/asy4 ,%e is1 !re=e1 invit$ to rep5t & return to h] ali5at$ ,god1 :i* w involve a return f exile to h] own l&2 & ! promise is giv5 ( ! reunion ( ! two peoples 9 a re/or$ ,!ocracy1 hav+ its c5tre 9 ,m\nt ,zion 7#aa-ai74 ,all ,israel has rebell$ aga9/ ,god2 b ! prophet he>s ! cry ( univ]sal p5it5ce & supplication asc5d+ to heav52 & ,iahvah's graci\s answ] ( acceptance 7iii4 #bj-;iv4 #b74 ,! op5+ section depicts ! s9 :i* _h br\ght ru9 on ,israel1 & ,judah's read9ess 9 foll[+ h] example1 & refusal to take w>n+ by h] fate4 ,?is tw(old s9 is aggravat$ by an ins9c]e rep5tance4 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 9 ! days ( ,josiah ! k+1 ,sawe/ ?\ :at ! ,turncoat or ,recreant ,israel did8 %e w\ld g up e high hill1 & "u e ev]gre5 tree1 & play ! h>lot !re4 ,& me?\ght t aft] do+ all ?is %e w\ld return to ,me2 b %e return$ n2 & ! ,traitress1 h] si/] ,judah saw x4 ,& ,i#ba saw t :5 = ! v reason t %e1 ! ,turncoat ,israel1 _h committ$ adult]y1 ,i _h put h] away1 & giv5 h] h] bill ( divorce1 ! ,traitress ,judah1 h] si/]1 0 n afraid1 b %e too w5t (f & play$ ! h>lot4 ,& s1 ?r\gh ! cry 7cf4 ,g54 iv4 #aj1 xviii4 #bj sq47 ( h] h>lotry 7or read = 1 script4 defect4 ?r\gh h] manifold or ab\nd+ h>lotry7 %e pollut$ ! l& 7 v]4 #b71 9 t %e committ$ adult]y ) ! ,/one & ) ! ,/ock4 ,& yet ?\gh %e 0 involv$ 9 all ?is guilt 7lit4 & ev5 9 all ?is4 ,p]haps ! s9 & ! p5alties ( x are id5tifi$2 & ! mean+ is3 ,& yet = all ?is liability3 cf4 ,isa4 v4 #be71 ! ,traitress ,judah return$ n unto ,me ) all h] he>t 7) a :ole or undivid$ he>t1 ) entire s9c]ity#bb7 b 9 falsehood sai? ,iahvah4 ,! example ( ! nor!rn k+dom is repres5t$ z a p[]ful influ5ce = evil ^u ,judah4 ,?is 0 only natural2 = al?\gh f ! po9t ( view ( religi\s developm5t ,judah is incomp>ably ! m important ( ! si/] k+doms2 ! exact contr>y is ! case z reg>ds political p[] & pr$om9ance4 ,"u /rong k+s l ,omri & ,ahab1 or aga91 ,j]oboam ,,ii41 ,ephraim 0 able to ass]t itself z a fir/-rate p[] among ! surr\nd+ pr9cipalities2 & 9 ! case ( ,a?aliah1 we h a conspicu\s in/ance ( ! mann] 9 :i* ,canaanite idolatry might be propagat$ f ,israel to ,judah4 ,! prophet decl>es t ! s9 ( ,judah 0 aggravat$ by ! fact t %e _h witness$ ! ru9 ( ,israel1 & yet p]si/$ 9 ! same evil c\rses ( :i* t ru9 0 ! result4 ,%e s9n$ aga9/ light4 ,! fall ( ,ephraim _h v]ifi$ ! pr$ictions ( h] prophets2 yet %e 0 n afraid1 b w5t on add+ to ! score ( h] own (f5ces1 & pollut+ ! l& ) h] unfai?fulness to h] ,div9e ,sp\se4 ,! idea t ! v soil ( h] c\ntry 0 defil$ by ,judah's idolatry may be illu/rat$ by ref]5ce to ! well-kn[n words ( ,ps4 cvi4 #ch3 ,!y %$ innoc5t blood1 ev5 ! blood ( _! sons & _! daught]s :om !y sacrific$ unto ! idols ( ,canaan2 & ! l& 0 defil$ ) ! blood%$4 ,we may also rememb] ,elohim's ^w to ,ca93 ,! voice ( ?y bro!r's blood is cry+ unto ,me f ! gr\nd6 7,g54 iv4 #aj74 ,z ,iahvah's special dwell+-place1 moreov]1 ! l& ( ,israel 0 holy2 & =eign rites desecrat$ & pr(an$ x1 & made x (f5sive 9 ,8 sight4 ,! pollution ( x cri$ to heav5 = v5geance on ^? :o _h caus$ x4 ,to su* a /ate _h ,judah br\ght h] own l&1 & ! v city ( ! sanctu>y2 & yet 9 all ?is--amid ?is accumulation ( s9s & liabilities--%e turn$ n to h] ,"l ) h] :ole he>t4 ,! re=ms set on foot 9 ! twelf? ye> ( ,josiah 7 b sup]ficial & half-he>t$2 ! p m]ely acquiesc$ 9 !m1 at ! dictation ( ! c\rt1 & gave no sign ( any inw>d *ange or deep-wr\ght rep5tance4 ,! semblance )\t ! reality ( sorr[ = s9 is b a mock]y ( heav51 & a he9\s aggravation ( guilt4 ,h5ce ! s9 ( ,judah 0 ( a deep] dye ?an t :i* _h de/roy$ ,israel4 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,! ,turncoat or ,recreant ,israel ha? prov5 h]self m righte\s ?an ! ,traitress ,judah4 ,:o c\ld d\bt x1 consid]+ t almo/ all ! prophets _h borne _! witness 9 ,judah2 & t1 9 imitat+ h] si/]'s idolatry1 %e _h resolutely clos$ h] eyes to ! light ( tru? & reason8 ,on ?is gr\nd1 t ,israel has s9n$ less1 & suff]$ m1 ! prophet is bidd5 to hold out to h] ! hope ( ,div9e m]cy4 ,! greatness ( h] ru91 z well z ! lapse ( ye>s s9ce ! fatal cata/rophe1 might t5d to dim9i% 9 ! prophet's m9d ! impression ( h] guilt2 & 8 patriotic ye>n+ = ! re/oration ( ! bani%$ ,t5 ,tribes1 :o1 aft] all1 7 ! ne> k9dr$ ( ,judah1 z well z ! ?\ght t !y _h borne _! puni%m5t1 & ?us aton$ = _! s9 7,isa4 xl4 #b71 might coop]ate ) ! desire ( k9dl+ 9 8 own c\ntrym5 a noble rivalry ( rep5tance1 9 mov+ ! prophet to obey ! impulse :i* urg$ him to address himself to ,israel4 ,g ?\1 & cry ^! words nor?w>d 7t[>d ! desolate l& ( ,ephraim71 & say3 ,return1 ,turncoat or ,recreant ,israel1 sai? ,iahvah2 ,i w n let ,my c\nt5ance fall at ! sight ( y 7lit4 aga9/ y1 cf4 ,g54 iv4 #e72 = ,i am lov+1 sai? ,iahvah1 ,i keep n ang] = ev]4 ,only recognise ?y guilt1 t ?\ ha/ rebell$ aga9/ ,iahvah ?y ,god1 & ha/ scatt]$ 7or lavi%$3 ,ps4 cxii4 #i7 ?y ways to ! /rang]s 7ha/ gone n[ 9 ?is direction1 n[ 9 t1 wor%ipp+ fir/ "o idol & !n ano!r2 cf4 ii4 #bc2 & s1 z x 71 divid+ up & disp]s+ ?y devotion7 "u e ev]gre5 tree2 b ,my voice ye h n obey$1 sai? ,iahvah4 ,! invitation1 ,return ,apo/ate ,israel6-- #bc--;conta9s a play on words1 :i* seems to sugge/ t ! exile ( ! ,t5 ,tribes 0 volunt>y1 or self-impos$2 z if1 :5 !y turn$ _! backs ^u _! true ,god1 !y _h delib]ately made *oice ( ! inevitable consequ5ce ( t rebellion1 & made up _! m9ds to ab&on _! native l&4 ,s close is ! connexion1 9 ! prophet's view1 betwe5 ! mis=tunes ( 8 p & _! s9s4 ,return1 ye apo/ate *ildr5 7aga9 !re is a play on words-- --,turn back1 ye back-turn+ sons1 or ye sons t turn ! back to ,me7 sai? ,iahvah2 = x 0 ,i t w$d$ y 7v]4 #ad71 & am1 !re=e1 y\r prop] "l4 ,! expression is n /rang] ?an t :i* ! great prophet ( ! ,return addresses to ,zion3 ,?y sons %all m>ry !e4 ,b p]haps we %\ld r comp>e ano!r passage ( ! book ( ,isaiah1 :]e x is said3 ,iahvah1 our ,god6 o!r lords beside ,!e h _h dom9ion ov] u 7 ,isa4 xxvi4 #ac71 & r5d]3 ,= x is ,i t w be y\r "l2 or p]haps1 ,= x is ,i t h ma/]$ y1 & put d[n y\r rebellion by *a/isem5ts2 & ,i w take y1 "o ( a city & two ( a clan1 & w br+ y to ,zion4 ,z a city is else:]e spok5 ( z a ?\s& 7,mic4 v4 #a71 & a ?\s& 77 is synonym\s ) a clan 771 z provid+ a ?\s& w>riors 9 ! national militia2 x is cle> t ! promise is t "o or two repres5tatives ( ea* t[n%ip 9 ,israel %all be re/or$ f exile to ! l& ( _! fa!rs4 ,9 o!r words1 we h "h ,isaiah's doctr9e ( ! remnant1 :i* he calls a t5? 7,isa4 vi4 #ac71 & ( :i* he decl>$ t ! survivors ( ! h\se ( ,judah t rema91 %all aga9 take root d[nw>ds1 & be> fruit upw>ds 7,isa4 xxxvii4 #ca74 ,& z ,zion is ! goal ( ! return+ exiles1 we may see1 z d\btless ! prophets saw1 a k9d ( anticipation & =e%ad[+ ( ! future 9 ! few scatt]$ memb]s ( ! nor!rn tribes ( ,a%]1 ,manasseh & ,zebulun1 :o humbl$ !mselves1 & accept$ ,hezekiah's invitation to ! passov] 7#b ,*ron4 xxx4 #aa1 #ah72 &1 aga91 9 ! au?ority :i* ,josiah is said to h ex]cis$ 9 ! l& ( ! ,t5 ,tribes 7#b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #f2 cf4 #i74 ,we mu/ be> 9 m9d t ! prophets d n contemplate ! re/oration ( e individual ( ! entire nation2 b r ! return ( a *os5 few1 a k9d ( fir/fruits ( ,israel1 :o are to be a holy se$ 7,isa4 vi4 #ac71 f :i* ! p[] ( ! ,supreme w aga9 build up ! entire p accord+ to its anci5t divisions4 ,s ! holy ,apo/le 9 ! ,revelation he>s t twelve ?\s& ( ea* tribe are seal$ z s]vants ( ,god 7,rev4 vii474 ,! happy "t ( re/oration w also be a "t ( reunion4 ,! e/rang$ tribes w return to _! old allegiance4 ,?is is impli$ by ! promise1 ,i w br+ y to ,zion1 & by t ( ! next v]se3 ,& ,i w give y %eph]ds aft] ,my own he>t2 & !y %all %eph]d y ) k & wisdom4 ,obvi\sly1 k+s ( ! h\se ( ,david are meant2 ! good %eph]ds ( ! future are contra/$ ) ! rebelli\s ones ( ! pa/ 7ii4 #h74 ,x is ! promise ( ,isaiah 7i4 #bf73 ,& ,i w re/ore ?y judges z at ! fir/1 & ?y c\nsellors z at ! beg9n+4 ,9 ?is connexion1 we may recall ! fact t ! orig9al s*ism 9 ,israel 0 br\ght ab\t by ! folly ( evil %eph]ds4 ,! com+ ,k+ w resemble n ,rehoboam b ,david4 ,nor is ?is all2 = ,x %all come to pass1 :5 ye multiply & become fruitful 9 ! l&1 9 ^? days1 sai? ,iahvah1 m5 %all n say any m1 ,! ark ( ! cov5ant ( ,iahvah1 7or1 z ,,lxx41 ( ! ,holy ,"o ( ,israel72 nor %all x 7! ark7 come to m9d2 nor %all m5 rememb] x1 nor miss x2 nor %all x be made any m 7po9t+ al?\gh ! v]b may be imp]sonal4 ,i d n und]/& :y ,hitzig ass]ts ,man wird ke9e &]e ma*5 7,mov]s7 od]2 sie wird ni*t wi$] gema*t 7,ew41 ,graf7 als wre ni*t von d] ges*i*tli*5 ,lade die ,r$e1 sond]n von ihr begriffli*1 knn5 die ,worte ni*t b$eut54 ,b cf4 ,exod4 xxv4 #aj2 ,g54 vi4 #ad2 :]e ! same v]b is us$4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 ! r5d]+ ( ,c4 ,b4 ,mi*aelis1 :i* he pref]s1 is m 9 accordance ) :at prec$es3 nor %all all t be done any m1 ,g54 xxix4 #bf1 xli4 #cd4 ,b does n mean na*=s*53 cf4 #a ,sam4 xx4 #f1 xxv4 #ae74 ,9 t "t m5 w call ,j]usalem ! ?rone ( ,iahvah2 & all ! nations w ga!r into x 7,g54 i4 #i71 = ! "n ( ,iahvah at ,j]usalem3 ,,lxx4 om42 & !y 7! hea!n7 w no long] foll[ ! /ubbornness ( _! evil he>t 7vii4 #bd2 ,deut4 xxix4 #ai74 ,9 ! new ,!ocracy1 ! true k+dom ( ,god1 ! anci5t symbol ( ! ,div9e pres5ce w be =gott5 9 ! realization ( t pres5ce4 ,! in/itution ( ! ,new ,cov5ant w be *>act]iz$ by an imm$iate & p]sonal k ( ,iahvah 9 ! he>ts ( all ,8 p 7xxxi4 #ca sq474 ,! small object 9 :i* pa/ g5]ations _h lov$ to recognise ! e>?ly ?rone ( ! ,god ( ,israel1 w be replac$ by ,j]usalem itself1 ! ,holy ,city1 n m]ely ( ,judah1 nor ( ,judah & ,israel1 b ( ! _w4 ,?i!r w all ! nations resort to ! "n ( ,iahvah2 ceas+ h5ce=? to foll[ ! h>dness 7or call\sness7 ( _! own evil he>t4 ,t ! m degrad$ k9ds ( hea!nism h a h>d5+ effect ^u ! he>t2 & t ! cruel & impure wor%ips ( ,canaan especially t5d$ to blunt ! f9] s5sibilities1 to enfeeble ! natural in/9cts ( humanity & ju/ice1 & to confuse ! s5se ( "r & wrong1 is beyond "q4 ,only a he>t r5d]$ call\s by cu/om1 & /ubbornly deaf to ! plead+s ( natural pity1 c\ld f9d g5u9e pleasure 9 ! m]ciless rites ( ! ,mole*-wor%ip2 & !y :o ceas$ to foll[ ^! inhuman sup]/itions1 & s\ght light & guidance f ! ,god ( ,israel1 might well be said to h ceas$ to walk aft] ! h>dness ( _! own evil he>t4#bd ,! m repulsive features ( hea!nism *ime 9 too well ) ! wor/ & mo/ savage impulses ( our nature2 !y exhibit too close a con=mity ) ! sugge/ions & dem&s ( selfi% appetite2 !y hum\r & enc\rage ! d>ke/ passions f> too directly & decid$ly1 to all[ u to reg>d z plausible any !ory ( _! orig9 & p]man5ce :i* does n recognise 9 !m at once a cause & an effect ( human depravity 7cf4 ,rom4 i474 ,! repulsiv5ess ( mu* t 0 associat$ ) ! hea!nism ) :i* !y 7 be/ acqua9t$1 did n h9d] ! prophets ( ,israel f tak+ a deep spiritual int]e/ 9 ^? :o practis$ & 7 enslav$ by x4 ,inde$1 :at has be5 call$ ! univ]salism ( ! ,hebrew se]s--_! emancipation 9 ?is respect f all local & national limits & prejudices--is "o ( ! cle>e/ pro(s ( _! div9e mission4 ,j]emiah only reit]ates :at ,micah & ,isaiah _h prea*$ be=e him2 t 9 ! latt] days ! m\nta9 ( ,iahvah's ,h\se %all be e/abli%$ z ! *ief ( m\nta9s1 & %all be exalt$ above ! hills2 & all ! nations w fl[ unto x 7,isa4 ii4 #b74 ,9 *4 xvi4 #ai sq4 our prophet ?us expresses himself ^u ! same topic4 ,iahvah1 my /r5g? & my /ronghold1 & my refuge 9 ! day ( di/ress6 unto ,!e %all nations come f ! ends ( ! e>?1 & %all say3 ,our =efa!rs inh]it$ n\ght b a lie1 vanity1 & ?+s among :i* is no help]4 ,%all a man make him gods1 :5 !y are no gods8 ,h[ l>gely ?is p>ticul> aspiration ( ! prophets ( ! sev5? & eigh? c5turies ,b4,c4 has s9ce be5 fulfill$ 9 ! c\rse ( ! ages is a matt] ( hi/ory4 ,! religion :i* 0 !irs has1 9 ! new %ape giv5 x by our ,"l & ,8 ,apo/les1 become ! religion ( "o hea!n p aft] ano!r1 until at ?is day x is ! fai? pr(ess$1 n only 9 ! l& ( its orig91 b by ! lead+ nations ( ! _w4 ,s mighty a fulfilm5t ( hopes1 :i* at ! "t ( _! fir/ conception & utt]ance c\ld only be reg>d$ z ! dreams ( en?usia/ic vision>ies1 ju/ifies ^? :o behold & realize x 9 ! joyful belief t ! progress ( true religion has n be5 ma9ta9$ = six & tw5ty c5turies to be arre/$ n[2 & t ^! old-_w aspirations are de/9$ to receive a fulness ( illu/ration 9 ! triumphs ( ! future1 9 ! light ( :i* ! brighte/ glories ( ! pa/ w pale & fade away4 ,! prophet does n say1 ) a prophet ( ! ,new ,cov5ant1 t all ,israel %all be sav$ 7,rom4 xi4 #bf74 ,we may1 h[ev]1 fairly int]pret ! latt] ( ! true ,israel1 ! remnant accord+ to ! election ( grace1 r ?an ( ,israel accord+ to ! fle%1 & s bo? w be at "o1 & bo? at v>iance ) ! unspiritual doctr9e ( ! ,talmud1 t ,all ,israel1 irrespective ( moral qualifications1 w h a portion 9 ! _w to come1 on acc\nt ( ! surpass+ m]its ( ,abraham1 ,isaac & ,jacob1 & ev5 ( ,abraham alone 7cf4 ,/4 ,matt4 iii4 #i2 ,/4 ,john viii4 #cc74 ,! ref]5ce to ! ark ( ! cov5ant 9 ! sixte5? v]se is rem>kable ^u sev]al gr\nds4 ,?is sacr$ symbol is n m5tion$ among ! spoils :i* ,nebuz>adan 7,nab-zir-idd97 took f ! temple 7lii4 #ag sqq472 nor is x specifi$ among ! treasures appropriat$ by ,nebu*adrezz> at ! surr5d] ( ,jehoia*94 ,! words ( ,j]emiah prove t x _c be includ$ among ! vessels ( gold :i* ! ,babylonian conqu]or cut 9 pieces 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #ac74 ,we le>n two facts ab\t ! ark f ! pres5t passage3 7#a7 t x no long] exi/$ 9 ! days ( ! prophet2 7#b7 t p rememb]$ x ) regret1 ?\gh !y did n v5ture to replace ! lo/ orig9al by a new sub/itute4 ,x may well h be5 de/roy$ by ,manasseh1 ! k+ :o did 8 utmo/ to aboli% ! religion ( ,iahvah4 ,h[ev] t may be1 ! po9t ( ! prophet's allusion consi/s 9 ! ?\ght t 9 ! glori\s times ( ,messianic rule ! idea ( hol9ess w cease to be atta*$ to ?+s1 = x w be realiz$ 9 p]sons2 ! symbol w become obsolete1 & its "n & memory w disappe> f ! m9ds & affections ( m51 because ! fact symboliz$ w be univ]sally felt & p]ceiv$ to be a pres5t & self-evid5t tru?4 ,9 t great epo* ( ,israel's reconciliation1 all nations w recognise 9 ,j]usalem ! ?rone ( ,iahvah1 ! c5tre ( light & s\rce ( spiritual tru?2 ! ,holy ,city ( ! _w4 ,is x ! e>?ly or ! heav5ly ,j]usalem t is meant8 ,x w\ld seem1 ! =m] only 0 pres5t to ! consci\sness ( ! prophet1 = he concludes 8 beautiful int]lude ( promise ) ! words3 ,9 ^? days w ! h\se ( ,judah walk beside ! h\se ( ,israel2 & !y w come toge!r f ! l& ( ! ,nor? & f all ! l&s3 ,,lxx add4 cf4 xvi4 #ae unto ! l& t ,i caus$ y\r fa!rs to possess4 ,l ,isaiah 7xi4 #ab sqq47 & o!r prophets 8 pr$ecessors1 ,j]emiah =eca/s = ! :ole rep5tant & unit$ nation a re9/atem5t 9 _! anci5t temporal rights1 9 ! pleasant l& f :i* !y _h be5 s cruelly bani%$ = s _m we>y ye>s4 ,! lett] kille?1 b ! _s give? life4 ,if1 :5 we look at ! :ole c\rse ( subsequ5t ev5ts1 :5 we review ! hi/ory ( ! ,return & ( ! n>r[ religi\s commonweal? :i* 0 at la/1 aft] _m bitt] /ruggles1 e/abli%$ on m\nt ,sion2 :5 we consid] ! =m :i* ! religion ( ,iahvah assum$ 9 ! h&s ( ! prie/ly ca/e1 & ! half-religi\s1 half-political sects1 ^: intrigues & conflicts = p[] con/itute almo/ all we "k ( _! p]iod2 :5 we reflect ^u ! "* ( ! entire po/-exilic age d[n to ! "t ( ! bir? ( ,*ri/1 ) its worldly ideals1 its fi]ce fanaticisms1 its sup]/iti\s tru/ 9 rites & c]emonies2 if1 :5 we look at all ?is1 we hesitate to claim t ! prophetic visions ( a great re/oration f\nd fulfilm5t 9 ! erection ( ?is petty /ate1 ?is paltry edifice1 ^u ! ru9s ( ,david's capital2 %all we lay ourselves op5 to ! accusation t we recognise no elem5t ( tru? 9 ! glori\s aspirations ( ! prophets8 ,i ?9k n4 ,aft] all1 x is cle> f ! entire context t ^! hopes ( a gold5 "t to come are n indep5d5t ( ! attitude ( ! p t[>ds ,iahvah4 ,!y w only be realiz$1 if ! nation %all truly rep5t ( ! pa/1 & turn to ,him ) ! :ole he>t4 ,! expressions at t "t1 9 ^? days 7vv4 #ag1 #ah71 are only conditionally det]m9ate2 !y mean ! happy "t ( ,israel's rep5tance1 if su* a "t %\ld ev] come4 ,f ?is glimpse ( glori\s possibilities1 ! prophet turns abruptly to ! d>k page ( ,israel's actual hi/ory4 ,he has1 s to speak1 portray$ 9 *>act]s ( light ! developm5t z x might h be52 he n[ depicts ! c\rse x actually foll[$4 ,he re/ates ,iahvah's orig9al claim ^u ,israel's grateful devotion 7ii4 #b71 putt+ ^! words into ! m\? ( ! ,div9e ,speak]3 ,& ,i inde$ ?\ght1 ,h[ w ,i set !e among ! sons 7( ! ,div9e h\sehold71 & give !e a lovely l&1 a h]itage ! faire/ among ! nations6 ,& me?\ght1 ?\ w\ld/ call ,me ',my ,fa!r1' & w\ld/ n turn back f foll[+ ,me4 ,iahvah _h at ! outset adopt$ ,israel1 & call$ him f ! /atus ( a groan+ bondsman to ! dignity ( a son & heir4 ,:5 ,israel 0 a *ild1 ,he _h lov$ him1 & call$ ,8 son out ( ,egypt 7,hos4 xi4 #a71 to give him a place & a h]itage among nations4 ,x 0 ,iahvah1 inde$1 :o orig9ally assign$ _! hold+s to all ! nations1 & sep>at$ ! v>i\s tribes ( mank9d1 fix+ ! t]ritories ( peoples1 accord+ to ! numb] ( ! sons ( ,god 7,deut4 xxxii4 #h ,sept474 ,if ,he _h br\ght up ,israel f ,egypt1 ,he _h also br\ght up ! ,phili/9es f ,caphtor1 & ! ,arameans f ,kir 7,amos ix4 #g74 ,b ,he _h adopt$ ,israel 9 a m special s5se1 :i* may be express$ 9 ,/4 ,paul's words1 :o makes x ! *ief advantage ( ,israel above ! nations t unto !m 7 committ$ ! oracles ( ,god4 7,rom4 iii4 #b74 ,:at nobl] di/9ction c\ld h be5 conf]r$ ^u any race ( m5 ?an t !y %\ld h be5 ?us *os51 z ,israel actually 0 *os51 n m]ely 9 ! aspirations ( prophets1 b z a matt] ( fact 9 ! div9ely-direct$ evolution ( human hi/ory1 to become ! h]alds ( a high] tru?1 ! hi]ophants ( spiritual k1 ! univ]sally recognis$ int]pret]s ( ,god8 ,su* a call+ might h be5 expect$ to elicit a response ( ! w>me/ gratitude1 ! mo/ en?usia/ic loyalty & unsw]v+ devotion4 ,b ,israel z a nation did n rise to ! level ( ^! l(ty prophetic views ( its vocation2 x knew itself to be ! p ( ,iahvah1 b x fail$ to realize ! moral significance ( t privilege1 & ! moral & spiritual responsibilities :i* x involv$4 ,x fail$ to adore ,iahvah z ! ,fa!r1 9 ! only prop] & acceptable s5se ( t hon\rable "n1 ! s5se :i* re/ricts its application to "o sole ,be+4 ,hea!nism is bl9d & irrational z well z pr(ane & s9ful2 & s x does n scruple to conf] su* absolutely individual titles z ,god & ,fa!r ^u a multitude ( imag9>y p[]s4 ,me?\ght ?\ w\ld/ call ,me ',my ,fa!r1' & w\ld/ n turn back f foll[+ ,me4 ,b 7,zeph4 iii4 #g7 a woman is false to h] f]e2 s 7 ye false to ,me1 ,o h\se ( ,israel1 sai? ,iahvah4 ,! ,div9e int5tion t[>d ,israel1 ,god's graci\s design = h] ev]la/+ good1 ,god's expectation ( a return = ,8 fav\r1 & h[ t design 0 ?w>t$ s f> z man c\ld ?w>t x1 & t expectation disappo9t$ hi!rto2 su* is ! import ( ! la/ two v]ses 7#ai1 #bj74 ,speak+ 9 ! "n ( ,god1 ,j]emiah repres5ts ,israel's pa/ z x appe>s to ,god4 ,he n[ proce$s to %ew dramatically1 or z 9 a picture1 h[ ! expectation may yet be fulfill$1 & ! design realiz$4 ,hav+ expos$ ! national guilt1 he supposes 8 remon/rance to h done its "w1 & he ov]he>s ! p5it5t p p\r+ out its he>t be=e ,god4 ,!n a k9d ( dialogue ensues betwe5 ! ,deity & ,8 suppliants4 ,h>k6 ^u ! b>e hills is he>d ! weep+ ( ! supplications ( ! sons ( ,israel1 t !y p]v]t$ _! way1 =got ,iahvah _! ,god4 ,! treeless hill-tops _h be5 ! sc5e ( hea!n orgies miscall$ wor%ip4 ,!re ! rites ( ,canaan p]=m$ by ,israelites _h insult$ ! ,god ( heav5 7vv4 #b & #f74 ,n[ ! v places :i* witness$ ! s91 witness ! national remorse & confession4 ,! 'high-places' are n condemn$ ev5 by ,j]emiah z places ( wor%ip1 b only z places ( hea!n & illicit wor%ips4 ,! solitude & quiet & pur] air ( ! hill-tops1 _! unob/ruct$ view ( heav5 & sugge/ive ne>ness !reto1 h always made !m natural sanctu>ies bo? = public rites & private pray] & m$itation3 cf4 #b ,sam4 xv4 #cb2 & especially ,/4 ,luke vi4 #ab4 ,9 ?is clos+ section ( ! piece 7iii4 #ai-;iv4 #b7 ',israel' means n ! entire p1 b ! nor!rn k+dom only1 :i* is spok5 ( sep>ately also 9 iii4 #f-ah1 ) ! object ( ?r[+ into high] relief ! he9\sness ( ,judah's guilt4 ,israel--! nor!rn k+dom--0 less guilty ?an ,judah1 = %e _h no w>n+ example1 no beacon-light ^u h] pa?1 su* z h] own fall af=d$ to ! s\!rn k+dom2 & !re=e ! ,div9e compassion is m likely to be ext5d$ to h]1 ev5 aft] a c5tury ( ru9 & bani%m5t1 ?an to h] call\s1 imp5it5t si/]4 ,:e!r at ! "t ,j]emiah 0 9 communication ) survivors ( ! nor!rn ,exile1 :o 7 fai?ful to ! ,god ( _! fa!rs1 & look$ wi/fully t[>d ,j]usalem z ! c5tre ( ! be/ traditions & ! sole hope ( ,israelite nationality1 _c n[ be det]m9$4 ,! ?+ is n unlikely1 consid]+ ! int]e/ :i* ! prophet aft]w>ds took 9 ! ,judean exiles :o 7 tak5 to ,babylon ) ,jehoia*9 7*ap4 xxix47 & 8 active correspond5ce ) _! lead]s4 ,we may also rememb] t div]s ( ,a%] & ,manasseh & ,zebulun humbl$ !mselves & came to keep passov] ) k+ ,hezekiah at ,j]usalem4 ,x _c1 c]ta9ly1 be suppos$1 ) any %[ ( reason1 t ! ,assyrians ei!r c>ri$ away ! entire population ( ! nor!rn k+dom1 or ext]m9at$ all :om !y did n c>ry away4 ,! words ( ! ,*ronicl] :o speaks ( a remnant 444 escap$ out ( ! h& ( ! k+s ( ,assyria1 are !mselves p]fectly agreeable to reason & ! nature ( ! case1 ap>t f ! consid]ation t he _h special hi/orical s\rces at 8 comm& 7#b ,*ron4 xxx4 #f1 #aa74 ,we "k t 9 ! ,maccabean & ,roman w>s ! rocky fa/nesses ( ! c\ntry 7 a refuge to numb]s ( ! p1 & ! hi/ory ( ,david %ews t ?is _h be5 ! case f "t immemorial 7cf4 ,judg4 vi4 #b74 ,d\btless 9 ?is way n a few surviv$ ! ,assyrian invasions & ! de/ruction ( ,sam>ia 7,b4,c4 #gba74 ,b to return to ! text4 ,aft] ! confession ( ! nation t !y h p]v]t$ _! way 7t is1 _! mode ( wor%ip1 by ador+ visible symbols ( ,iahvah1 & associat+ ) ,him z ,8 compe]s a multitude ( imag9>y gods1 especially ! local ,baalim1 ii4 #bc1 & ,a%t>o?71 ! prophet he>s ano!r voice1 a voice ( ,div9e invitation & graci\s promise1 responsive to p5it5ce & pray]3 ,return1 ye apo/ate sons1 let ,me heal y\r apo/asies6 or ,if ye return1 ye apo/ate sons1 ,i w heal y\r apo/asies6 ,x is an e*o ( ! t5d]ness ( an old] prophet 7,hos4 xiv4 #a1 #d74 ,& ! answ] ( ! p5it5ts quickly foll[s3 ,behold u1 we are come unto ,!e1 = ,?\ art ,iahvah our ,god4 ,! voice t n[ calls u1 we "k by its t5d] tones ( entreaty1 compassion & love to be ! voice ( ,iahvah our own ,god2 n ! voice ( s5sual ,*emo%1 tempt+ to guilty pleasures & f\l impurities1 n ! h>% cry ( a cruel ,mole*1 call+ = savage rites ( pitiless blood%$4 ,?\1 ,iahvah--n ^! nor _! fell[s--art our true & only ,god4 ,surely1 9 va9 7= n\ght1 bootlessly1 #a ,sam4 xxv4 #ba2 *ap4 v4 #b1 xvi4 #ai7 on ! hills did we raise a d9 7lit4 'ha? "o rais$'2 read+ & 72 surely1 9 ,iahvah our ,god is ! safety ( ,israel6 ,! ,hebrew _c be orig9al z x n[ /&s 9 ! ,masoretic text1 = x is ungrammatical4 ,! *anges ,i h made w be se5 to be v slight1 & ! s5se obta9$ is mu* ! same z ,ewald's ,surely 9 va9 f ! hills is ! noise1 f ! m\nta9s 7:]e e read] mu/ feel t f ! m\nta9s is a =cible-feeble addition :i* adds no?+ to ! s5se74 ,we might also p]haps deta* ! mem f ! t]m = 'hills1' & connect x ) ! prec$+ ^w1 ?us gett+ ! mean+3 ,surely1 = ,lies are ! hills1 ! upro> ( ! m\nta9s6 7 444 72 t is to say1 ! high-places are devot$ to delusive non5tities1 :o c d no?+ 9 return = ! wild orgia/ic wor%ip be/[$ on !m2 a ?\ght :i* contra/s v well ) ! second half ( ! v]se3 ,surely1 9 ,iahvah our ,god is ! safety ( ,israel6 ,! confession cont9ues3 ,& z = ! ,%ame--! %ameful idol1 ! ,baal ^: wor%ip involv$ %ameful rites 7*ap4 xi4 #ac2 ,hos4 ix4 #aj71 & :o put 8 wor%ipp]s to %ame1 by disappo9t+ !m ( help 9 ! h\r ( _! ne$ 7ii4 #h1 #bf1 #bg7--;z = ! ,%ame--9 contra/ ) ,iahvah1 ! ,safety ( ,israel1 :o gives all1 & requires little or no?+ ( ?is k9d 9 return--x dev\r$ ! lab\r ( our fa!rs f our y\?1 _! flocks & _! h]ds1 _! sons & _! daught]s4 ,! allusion is to ! insatiable gre$ ( ! idol-prie/s1 & ! lavi% exp5se ( p]petually recurr+ fea/s & sacrifices1 :i* con/itut$ a s]i\s dra9 ^u ! res\rces ( a pa/oral & agricultural community2 & to ! bloody rites :i*1 n cont5t ) animal (f]+s1 dem&$ human victims = ! alt>s ( an appall+ sup]/ition4 ,let u lie d[n 9 our %ame1 & let our infamy cov] u6 = t[>d ,iahvah our ,god we trespass$1 we & our fa!rs1 f our y\? ev5 unto ?is day1 & obey$ n ! voice ( ,iahvah our ,god4 ,a m complete ackn[l$gm5t ( s9 c\ld h>dly be conceiv$2 no palliat+ circum/ances are alleg$1 no excuses devis$1 ( ! k9d ) :i* m5 usually seek to soo! a di/urb$ consci5ce4 ,! /rong s$uctions ( ,canaanite wor%ip1 ! temptation to jo9 9 ! joyful m]rim5t ( idol-fe/ivals1 ! invitation ( fri5ds & neighb\rs1 ! contagion ( example1--all ^! ext5uat+ facts mu/ h be5 at lea/ z well kn[n to ! prophet z to mod]n critics1 b he is expressively sil5t on ! po9t ( mitigat+ circum/ances 9 ! case ( a nation to :om su* light & guidance _h come1 z came to ,israel4 ,no1 he c\ld disc]n no gr\nd ( hope = 8 p except 9 a full & unres]v$ admission ( guilt1 an agony ( %ame & contrition be=e ,god1 a he>tfelt recognition ( ! tru? t f ! outset ( _! national exi/5ce to ! pass+ day !y _h cont9ually s9n$ aga9/ ,iahvah _! ,god & resi/$ ,8 holy ,w4 ,f9ally1 to ?is cry ( p5it5ts humbl$ 9 ! du/1 & own+ t !y h no refuge f ! consequ5ces ( _! s9 b 9 ! ,div9e ,m]cy1 comes ! firm yet lov+ answ]3 ,if ?\ wilt return1 ,o ,israel1 sai? ,iahvah1 unto ,me wilt return1 & if ?\ wilt put away ?9e ,abom9ations out ( ?y m\? &1 ,,lxx4 out ( ,my ,pres5ce1 & sway n to & fro 7#a ,k+s xiv4 #ae71 b wilt swe> ',by ! ,life ( ,iahvah6' 9 good fai?1 ju/ice1 & righte\sness2 !n %all ! nations bless !mselves by ,him1 & 9 ,him %all !y glory 7iv4 #a1 #b74 ,su* is ! close ( ?is ideal dialogue betwe5 ,god & man4 ,x is promis$ t if ! nation's rep5tance be s9c]e--n half-he>t$ l t ( ,judah 7iii4 #aj2 #b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #cc7--;& if ! fact be demon/rat$ by a resolute & unwav]+ rejection ( idol-wor%ip1 ev9c$ by ! disuse ( _! names 9 oa?s1 & ! expulsion ( _! symbols f ! ,pres5ce1 t is1 out ( ! sanctu>ies & doma9 ( ,iahvah1 & by adh]+ to ! ,"n ( ! ,god ( ,israel 9 oa?s & compacts ( all k9ds1 & by a scrupul\s loyalty to su* engagem5ts 7,ps4 xv4 #d2 ,deut4 x4 #bj2 ,isa4 xlviii4 #a72 !n ! anci5t oracle ( bless+ w be fulfill$1 & ,israel w become a prov]b ( felicity1 ! pride & boa/ ( mank9d1 ! glori\s ideal ( p]fect virtue & p]fect happ9ess 7,g54 xii4 #c2 ,isa4 lxv4 #af74 ,!n1 all ! nations w ga!r toge!r unto ,j]usalem = ! ,"n ( ,iahvah 7iii4 #ag72 !y w recognise 9 ! religion ( ,iahvah ! answ] to _! highe/ long+s & spiritual necessities1 & w take ,israel = :at ,iahvah int5d$ him to be1 _! example & prie/ & prophet4 ,j]emiah c\ld h>dly h *os5 a m extreme in/ance = po9t+ ! lesson he _h to tea* ?an ! long-s9ce ru9$ & depopulat$ k+dom ( ! ,t5 ,tribes4 ,hopeless z _! actual condition mu/ h seem$ at ! "t1 he assures 8 own c\ntrym5 9 ,judah & ,j]usalem t ev5 yet1 if only ! moral requirem5ts ( ! case 7 fulfill$1 & ! he>t ( ! poor remnant & ( ! survivors 9 bani%m5t ar\s$ to a g5u9e & p]man5t rep5tance1 ! ,div9e promises w\ld be accompli%$ 9 a p ^: sun _h app>5tly set 9 d>kness = ev]4 ,& s he passes on to address 8 own p directly 9 tones ( w>n+1 repro(1 & m5ace ( approa*+ wra? 7iv4 #c-vi4 #cj47 ,,footnotes3 #ba ,%e saw3 ,pe%4 ,?is may be "r4 ,& ! ,traitress1 h] si/] ,judah1 saw x3 yea1 saw t ev5 because ! ,turncoat ,israel _h committ$ adult]y1 ,i put h] away4444 ,& yet ! ,traitress ,judah1 h] si/]1 0 n afraid1 etc4 #bb #a ,k+s ii4 #d1 #bc ,z if ,turn back1 back-turn+ ,israel6 i4e4 ,?\ t turn$/ ?y back ^u ,iahvah1 &1 !re=e1 ^u ,8 pleasant l&4 #bd ,cf4 also ! ,arabic ,arabic3 9999 pravus1 ,arabic3 9999 pravitas1 ) ! ,hebrew t]m4 ,,iv4 ,,! ,,scy?ians ,,z ,,! ,,sc\rge ,,( ,,god4 ,,j]emiah iv4 #c-vi4 #cj4 ,if we w\ld und]/& :at is writt5 "h & else:]e 9 ! pages ( prophecy1 two ?+s w\ld seem to be requisite4 ,we mu/ prep>e ourselves ) "s k ( ! circum/ances ( ! "t1 & we mu/ =m "s g5]al conception ( ! ideas & aims ( ! inspir$ writ]1 bo? 9 !mselves1 & 9 _! relation to pass+ ev5ts4 ,( ! =m]1 a p>tial & fragm5t>y k may suffice1 provid$ x be true s f> z x goes2 m9ut5ess ( detail is n necess>y to g5]al accuracy4 ,( ! latt]1 a v full & complete conception may be ga!r$ f a c>eful /udy ( ! prophetic disc\rses4 ,! *apt]s be=e u 7 obvi\sly compos$ 9 ! pres5ce ( a grave national dang]2 & :at t dang] 0 is n left unc]ta91 z ! disc\rse proce$s4 ,an invasion ( ! c\ntry appe>$ to be imm95t2 ! rum\r ( approa*+ w> _h already made itself he>d 9 ! capital2 & all classes 7 t]ror-/rick5 at ! tid+s4 ,z usual 9 su* times ( p]il1 ! c\ntry p 7 already ab&on+ ! uncall$ t[ns & villages1 to seek refuge 9 ! /rong places ( ! l&1 &1 above all1 9 ,j]usalem1 :i* 0 at once ! capital & ! pr9cipal =tress ( ! k+dom4 ,! evil news _h spread f> & ne>2 ! trumpet-signal ( al>m 0 he>d ev]y:]e2 ! cry 01 ,assemble y\rselves1 & let u g into ! f5c$ cities6 7iv4 #e74 ,! gr\nd ( ?is univ]sal t]ror is ?us decl>$3 ,! lion is gone up f 8 ?icket1 & ! de/roy] ( nations is on 8 way1 is gone =? f 8 place2 to make ?y l& a desolation1 t ?y cities be laid wa/e1 )\t inhabitant 7v]4 #g74 ,a hot bla/ ov] ! b>e hills 9 ! wild]ness1 on ! road to ! daught] ( my p1 n = w9n[+1 nor = cleans+2 a full bla/ f ^? hills come? at ,my beck 7v]4 #aa74 ,lo1 l cl\ds he come? up1 &1 l ! :irlw9d1 8 *>iots2 swift] ?an vultures are 8 horses4 ,woe unto u6 ,we are v]ily de/roy$ 7v]4 #ac74 ,besieg]s 7lit4 wat*m51 ,isa4 i4 #h7 are com+ f ! remote/ l&1 & !y utt] _! cry aga9/ ! cities ( ,judah4 ,l keep]s ( a field become !y aga9/ h] on e side 7vv4 #af-ag74 ,at ! same "t1 ! invasion is /ill only a matt] ( report2 ! bl[ has n yet fall5 ^u ! trembl+ p4 ,behold1 ,i am ab\t to br+ ^u y a nation f af>1 ,o h\se ( ,israel1 sai? ,iahvah2 an inexhau/ible nation x is1 a nation ( old "t x is1 a nation ^: tongue ?\ kn[e/ n1 nor und]/&e/ 7lit4 he>e/7 :at x speake?4 ,its quiv] is l an op5$ grave2 !y all are h]oes4 ,& x w eat up ?9e h>ve/ & ?y bread1 :i* ?y sons & ?y daught]s %\ld eat2 x w eat up ?y flock & ?9e h]d2 x w eat up ?y v9e & ?y figtree2 x w %att] ?9e embattl$ cities1 :]e9 ?\ art tru/+1 ) ! sword 7v4 #ae-ag74 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said3 ,lo1 a p come? f a nor!rn l&1 & a great nation is awak+ f ! utt]mo/ p>ts ( e>?4 ,b[ & lance !y hold2 savage x is1 & pitiless2 ! s\nd ( !m is l ! sea1 :5 x ro>e?2 & on horses !y ride2 he is array$ z a man = battle1 aga9/ !e1 ,o daught] ( ,zion4 ,we h he>d ! report ( him2 our h&s droop2 angui% ha? tak5 hold ( u1 ?roes1 l h]s t travaile? 7vi4 #bb sq474 ,) ! graphic =ce ( a ke5 obs]v]1 :o is also a poet1 ! prie/ ( ,ana?o? has ?us depict$ = all "t ! collapse ( t]ror :i* befel 8 contempor>ies1 on ! rum\r$ approa* ( ! ,scy?ians 9 ! reign ( ,josiah4 ,& 8 lyric f]v\r c>ries him beyond ?is2 x enables him to see ) ! utmo/ di/9ctness ! havoc wr\ght by ^! hordes ( savages2 ! surprise ( cities1 ! loot+ ( h\ses1 ! flight ( citiz5s to ! woods & ! hills at ! approa* ( ! enemy2 ! des]tion ( ! c\ntry t[ns1 ! deva/ation ( fields & v9ey>ds1 confusion & desolation ev]y:]e1 z ?\gh primeval *aos _h return$2 & he tells x all ) ! passion & int5sity ( "o :o is relat+ an actual p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,9 my vitals1 my vitals1 ,i quake1 9 ! walls ( my he>t6 ,my he>t is murmur+ to me2 ,i _c hold my peace2 = my s\l is li/5+ to ! trumpet-bla/1 ! al>m ( w>6 ,ru9 on ru9 is cri$1 = all ! l& is ravag$2 sudd5ly are my t5ts ravag$1 my pavilions 9 a mom5t6 ,h[ long mu/ ,i see ! /&>ds1 mu/ ,i li/5 to ! trumpet-bla/8 7iv4 #ai-ba74 ,i look at ! e>?1 & lo1 'tis *aos3 at ! heav5s1 & _! light is no m4 ,i look at ! m\nta9s1 & lo1 !y rock1 & all ! hills sway to & fro4 ,i look1 & lo1 man is no m1 & ! birds ( ! air are gone1 ,i look1 & lo1 ! fruitful soil is wild]ness1 & all ! cities ( x are ov]?r[n 7iv4 #bc-bf74 ,at ! noise ( horseman & ar*] all ! city is 9 flight6 ,!y are gone into ! ?ickets1 & up ! rocks !y h clomb3 all ! city is des]t$ 7v]4 #bi74 ,8 eye foll[s ! c\rse ( deva/ation until x rea*es ,j]usalem3 ,j]usalem1 ! pr\d1 luxuri\s capital1 n[ isolat$ on h] hills1 b]eft ( all h] daught] cities1 ab&on$1 ev5 betray$1 by h] =eign allies4 ,& ?\1 t art doom$ to de/ruction1 :at can/ ?\ d8 ,?\gh ?\ clo! !e 9 sc>let1 ?\gh ?\ deck !e ) deck+ ( gold1 ?\gh ?\ broad5 ?9e eyes ) h5na1 9 va9 do/ ?\ make ?yself fair2 ! lov]s h scorn$ !e1 ?y life are !y seek+4#be ,! lov]s--! false =eign]s--h turn$ aga9/ h] 9 ! "t ( h] ne$2 & ! /range gods1 ) :om %e dalli$ 9 ! days ( prosp]ity1 c br+ h] no help4 ,& n[1 :ile %e witnesses1 b _c av]t1 ! slaught] ( h] *ildr51 h] %rieks r+ 9 ! prophet's e>3 ,a cry1 z ( "o 9 travail1 d ,i he>2 pangs z ( h] t be>e? h] fir/born2 ! cry ( ! daught] ( ,zion1 t pante?1 t spreade? out h] h&s3 ,woe's me6 my s\l swoone? = ! slay]s6 7vv4 #cj1 #ca74 ,ev5 ! /rong walls ( ,j]usalem are no sure def5ce2 !re is no safety b 9 flight4 ,remove y\r goods1 ye sons ( ,b5jam91 f )9 ,j]usalem6 ,& 9 ,tekoah 7z if ,bla/on or ,bl[ick or ,trump+ton7 bl[ a trumpet-bla/1 & ^u ,be?-hakkrem raise a signal 7or beacon76 = evil ha? look$ =? f ! nor?1 & mighty ru9 7vi4 #a1 #b74 ,! two t[ns m>k ! r\te ( ! fugitives1 mak+ = ! wild]ness ( ! s\?2 & ! trumpet-call1 & ! beacon-light1 mu/] ! scatt]$ companies at ^! rally+ po9ts or halt+places4 ,! beautiful & ! pamp]$ "o w ,i de/roy--! daught] ( ,sion4 7,p]haps3 ,! beautiful & ! pamp]$ woman art ?\ l1 ,o daught] ( ,sion6 #crd fem4 s+4 9 -i47 ,to h] come ! %eph]ds & _! flocks2 !y pit* ! t5ts ^u h] r\nd ab\t2 !y graze ea* at 8 own side 7i4e4 on ! gr\nd ne>e/ him74 ,! figure *anges1 ) lyric abruptness1 f ! fair woman1 en]vat$ by luxury 7v]4 #b7 to ! fair pa/ure-l&1 on :i* ! nomad %eph]ds encamp1 ^: flocks soon eat ! h]bage d[n1 & leave ! soil /ripp$ b>e 7v]4 #c72 & !n1 aga91 to an army beleagu]+ ! fat$ city1 ^: cries ( mutual *e]1 & ( impati5ce at all delay1 ! poet-prophet he>s & rehe>ses4 ,hall[ ye w> aga9/ h]6 ,arise ye1 let u g up 7to ! assault7 at noontide6 ,unhappy we6 ! day ha? turn$2 ! %ad[s ( ev5tide beg9 to l5g!n6 ,arise ye1 & let u g up 9 ! night1 to de/roy h] palaces6 7vv4 #d1 #e74 ,z a f9e example ( poetical expression1 ! disc\rse obvi\sly has its own intr9sic value4 ,! au?or's p[] to sket* ) a few bold /rokes ! magical effect ( a disquiet+ rum\r2 ! vivid =ce ) :i* he realizes ! possibilities ( ravage & ru9 :i* are wrapp$ up 9 ^? vague1 unc]ta9 tid+s2 ! pa?os & passion ( 8 lam5t ov] 8 /rick5 c\ntry1 /rick5 z yet to 8 p]ception only2 ! t5d]ness ( feel+2 ! subtle sweetness ( language2 ! v>iety ( metaphor2 ! light ( imag9ation illum9at+ ! :ole ) its indef9able *>m2 all ^! *>act]i/ics indicate ! pres5ce & p[] ( a ma/]-s+]4 ,b ) ,j]emiah1 z ) 8 pr$ecessors1 ! poetic expression ( feel+ is f> f be+ an end 9 itself4 ,he writes ) a purpose to :i* all ! end[m5ts ( 8 gift$ nature are freely & resolutely subord9at$4 ,he values 8 p[]s z a poet & orator solely z in/rum5ts :i* conduce to an effici5t utt]ance ( ! w ( ,iahvah4 ,he is h>dly consci\s ( ^! gifts z su*4 ,he exi/s to decl>e 9 ! h\se ( ,jacob & to publi% 9 ,judah ! ^w ( ! ,"l4 ,x is 9 ?is capacity t he n[ comes =w>d1 & addresses 8 t]rifi$ c\ntrym51 9 t]ms n calculat$ to allay _! fe>s ) soo?+ sugge/ions ( com=t & reassurance1 b r delib]ately *os5 ) a view to height5+ ^? fe>s1 & deep5+ !m to a s5se ( approa*+ judgm5t4 ,=1 aft] all1 x is n ! rum\r$ com+ ( ! ,scy?ian hordes t impels him to break sil5ce4 ,x is 8 consum+ s5se ( ! moral deg5]acy1 ! spiritual degradation ( 8 c\ntrym51 :i* flames =? into burn+ utt]ance4 ,:om %all ,i address & adjure1 t !y may he>8 ,lo1 _! e> is uncircumcis$1 & !y _c he>k52 lo1 ! ^w ( ,iahvah ha? become to !m a reproa*2 !y delight n !re94 ,& ( ! fury ( ,iahvah ,i am full2 ,i am we>y ( hold+ x 94 ,!n ! o!r voice 9 8 he>t answ]s3 ,p\r ?\ x =? ^u ! *ild 9 ! /reet1 & ^u ! company ( "y m5 toge!r6 7vi4 #aj1 #aa74 ,x is ! righte\s indignation ( an (f5d$ ,god t wells up f 8 he>t1 & ov]fl[s at 8 lips1 & cries woe1 irrem$iable woe1 ^u ! l& he loves bett] ?an 8 own life4 ,he beg9s ) enc\ragem5t & p]suasion1 b 8 tone soon *anges to d5unciation & despair 7iv4 #c sq474 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said to ! m5 ( ,judah & to ,j]usalem1 ,break y up ! fall[s1 & s[ n into ?orns6 ,circumcise y\rselves to ,iahvah1 & remove ! =esk9s ( y\r he>t1 ye m5 ( ,judah1 & ye inhabitants ( ,j]usalem6 le/ ,my fury come =? l fire1 & burn ) none to qu5* x1 because ( ! evil ( y\r do+s4 ,clo!d ) ! ,_s1 z ,semitic spee* might express x1 8 :ole s\l envelop$ 9 a g>m5t ( heav5ly light--a magical g>m5t ^: virtues imp>t new =ce z well z new light--! prophet sees /raight to ! he>t ( ?+s1 & e/imates ) ,god-giv5 c]ta9ty ! real /ate ( 8 p1 & ! moral wor? ( _! seem+ rep5tance4 ,! fir/ measures ( ,josiah's re=m+ zeal h be5 inaugurat$2 at lea/ )9 ! limits ( ! capital1 idolatry 9 its co>s] & m repell5t =ms has be5 suppress$2 !re is a %ew ( return to ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,b ! popul> he>t is /ill w$d$ to ! old sanctu>ies1 & ! old s5su\s rites ( ,canaan2 &1 worse ?an ?is1 ! prie/s & prophets1 ^: c5tre ( influ5ce 0 ! "o great sanctu>y ( ! ,book ( ! ,law1 ! temple at ,j]usalem1 h simply tak5 advantage ( ! religi\s re=mation = _! own purposes ( selfi% aggr&isem5t4 ,f ! y\nge/ to ! olde/ ( !m1 !y all ply ! trade ( gre$2 & f prophet to prie/1 !y all practice ly+4 ,& !y h repair$ ! ru9 ( ! daught] ( my p 9 light fa%ion1 say+1 ,x is well1 x is well6 ?\gh x be n well 7vi4 #ac1 #ad74 ,! doctr9e ( ! "o legitimate sanctu>y1 taught ) dis9t]e/$ e>ne/ness by ! disciples ( ,isaiah1 & en=c$ by t logic ( ev5ts :i* _h demon/rat$ ! feebl5ess ( ! local holy places be=e ! ,assyrian de/roy]s1 _h n[ come to be recognis$ z a conv5i5t buttress ( ! private ga9s ( ! ,j]usalem prie/hood & ! v5al prophets :o support$ _! au?ority4 ,! /rong curr5t ( national re=m _h be5 utiliz$ = ! driv+ ( _! private ma*9]y2 & ! sole outcome ( ! self-d5y+ ef=ts & suff]+s ( ! pa/ appe>$ to be ! enri*m5t ( ^! grasp+ & unscrupul\s worldl+s :o sat1 l an incubus1 ^u ! he>t ( ! national *ur*4 ,s long z money fl[$ /eadily into _! c(f]s1 !y 7 eag] en\gh to reassure ! d\bt+1 & to dispel all misgiv+s by _! deceitful oracle t all 0 well4 ,s long z ! sacrifices1 ! pr9cipal s\rce ( ! prie/ly rev5ue1 ab\nd$1 & ! fe/ivals ran _! ye>ly r\nd1 !y affirm$ t ,iahweh 0 satisfi$1 & t no h>m c\ld befal ! p ( ,8 c>e4 ,?is trad+ 9 ?+s ,div9e1 to ! utt] neglect ( ! high] obligations ( ! moral law1 0 simply appall+ to ! s5sitive consci5ce ( ! true prophet ( t deg5]ate age4 ,a /range & a />tl+ ?+ x is1 t is come to pass 9 ! l&4 ,! prophets1 !y h prophesi$ 9 ! ,lie1 & ! prie/s1 !y tyrannise "u _! direction2 & ,my p1 !y love x ?us2 & :at w ye d = ! issue !re(8 7v4 #cj1 #ca47 ,= su* facts mu/ h an issue2 & ! pres5t moral & spiritual ru9 ( ! nation po9ts ) c]ta9ty to imp5d+ ru9 9 ! mat]ial & political sph]e4 ,! two ?+s g toge!r2 y _c h a decl9e ( fai?1 a decay ( true religion1 & p]man5t outw>d prosp]ity2 t issue is incompatible ) ! et]nal laws :i* regulate ! life & progress ( humanity4 ,"o sits 9 ! heav5s1 ov] all ?+s f ! beg9n+1 to :om all /at$ wor%ip is a hide\s (f5ce :5 accompani$ by hypocrisy & impurity & fraud & viol5ce 9 ! ord9>y relations ( life4 ,:at good to me is inc5se t come? f ,%eba1 & ! *oice calamus f a f> c\ntry8 y\r burnt (f]+s 7holocau/s7 are n acceptable1 & y\r sacrifices are n sweet unto ,me4 ,in/ead ( pur*as+ safety1 !y w ensure p]dition3 ,!re=e ?us ha? ,iahvah said3 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to lay = ?is p /umbl+blocks1 & !y %all /umble ^u !m1 fa!rs & sons toge!r1 a neighb\r & 8 fri5d2 & !y %all p]i% 7vi4 #bj sq474 ,9 ! e>ly days ( re=m1 inde$1 ,j]emiah himself appe>s to h %>$ 9 ! sangu9e views associat$ ) a revival ( susp5d$ or?odoxy4 ,! tid+s ( imm95t dang] 7 a surprise to him1 z to ! zeal\s wor%ipp]s :o ?rong$ ! c\rts ( ! temple4 ,s !n1 aft] all1 ! burn+ ang] ( ,iahvah 0 n turn$ away by ! outw>d tok5s ( p5it5ce1 by ! lavi% gifts ( devotion2 ?is unexpect$ & t]rify+ rum\r 0 a call = ! resumption ( ! g>b ( m\rn+ & = ! r5ewal ( ^? public fa/s :i* _h m>k$ ! initial /ages ( re=mation 7iv4 #h74 ,! a/oni%m5t & ! disappo9tm5t ( ! man ass]t !mselves aga9/ ! inspiration ( ! prophet1 :51 contemplat+ ! helpless bewild]m5t ( k+s & pr9ces1 & ! /upefaction ( prie/s & prophets 9 face ( ! national calamities1 he breaks out into remon/rance ) ,god4 ,& ,i said1 ,alas1 ,o ,"l ,iahvah6 ( a tru?1 ,?\ ha/ utt]ly beguil$ ?is p & ,j]usalem1 say+1 ,x %all be well ) y2 :]eas ! sword w rea* to ! life4 ,! allusion is to ! promises conta9$ 9 ! ,book ( ! ,law1 ! read+ ( :i* _h s p[]fully conduc$ to ! movem5t = re=m4 ,t book _h be5 ! text ( ! prophet-prea*]s1 :o 7 mo/ active 9 t "w2 & ! influ5ce ( its ideas & language ^u ,j]emiah himself is app>5t 9 all 8 e>ly disc\rses4 ,! prophet's fai?1 h[ev]1 0 too deeply root$ to be m ?an mom5t>ily %ak52 & x soon told him t ! evil tid+s 7 evid5ce n ( unfai?fulness or caprice 9 ,iahvah1 b ( ! hypocrisy & corruption ( ,israel4 ,) ?is conviction ^u him1 he implores ! populace ( ! capital to sub/itute an inw>d & real = an outw>d & delusive purification4 ,break up ! fall[s6 ,d n dream t any adequate re=mation c be sup]9duc$ ^u ! m]e surface ( life3 ,s[ n among ?orns6 ,d n = "o mom5t believe t ! ^w ( ,god c take root & be> fruit 9 ! h>d soil ( a he>t t desires only to be secur$ 9 ! possession ( pres5t enjoym5ts1 9 immunity = self-indulg5ce1 covet\sness1 & oppression ( ! poor4 ,wa% ?9e he>t f wick$ness1 ,o ,j]usalem6 t ?\ may/ be sav$4 ,h[ long %all ! s*em+s ( ?y folly lodge )9 !e8 ,= h>k6 "o decl>e? f ,dan1 & proclaime? folly f ! hills ( ,ephraim 7iv4 #ad sq474 ,! folly 7'aw57 is ! fooli% hank]+ aft] ! gods :i* are no?+ 9 ! _w b a reflexion ( ! diseas$ fancy ( _! wor%ipp]s2 = x is always true t man makes 8 god 9 8 own image1 :5 he does make him1 & does n receive ! k ( him by revelation4 ,x 0 a folly invet]ate &1 z x w\ld seem1 h]$it>y 9 ,israel1 go+ back to ! times ( ! ,judges1 & recall+ ! /ory ( ,micah ! ,ephraimite & ! ,danites :o /ole 8 images4 ,t anci5t s9 /ill cri$ to heav5 = v5geance2 = ! apo/atiz+ t5d5cy1 :i* x exemplifi$1 0 /ill active 9 ! he>t ( ,israel4#bf ,! nation _h rebell$ aga9/ ! ,"l1 = x 0 fooli% & _h nev] really kn[n ,him2 ! p 7 silly *ildr51 & lack$ insight2 skill$ only 9 do+ wrong1 & ignorant ( ! way to d "r 7iv4 #bb74 ,l ! ?+s !y wor%ipp$1 !y _h eyes1 b saw n2 !y _h e>s1 b he>d n4 ,enslav$ to ! empty t]rors ( _! own imag9ations1 !y1 :o c[]$ be=e dumb idols1 /ood untrembl+ 9 ! awful pres5ce ( ,him ^: laws re/ra9$ ! ocean )9 due limits1 & ^u ^: sov]eign w ! fall ( ! ra9 & increase ( ! field dep5d$ 7v4 #ba-bd74 ,! popul> bl9dness to ! claims ( ! true religion1 to ! inali5able rights ( ! ,god ( ,israel1 involv$ a correspond+ & ev]-increas+ bl9dness to ! claims ( univ]sal morality1 to ! rights ( man4 ,compet5t obs]v]s h (t5 call$ att5tion to ! rem>kable influ5ce ex]cis$ by ! l[] =ms ( hea!nism 9 blunt+ ! moral s5se2 & ?is influ5ce 0 fully illu/rat$ 9 ! case ( ,j]emiah's contempor>ies4 ,s complete1 s univ]sal 0 ! national decl9e t x seem$ impossible to f9d "o good man )9 ! b\nds ( ! capital4 ,e aim 9 life f\nd illu/ration 9 ^? gay1 cr[d$ /reets1 9 ! baza>s1 9 ! palaces1 9 ! places by ! gate :]e law 0 adm9i/]$1 except ! aim ( j & righte\s & m]ciful deal+ ) "o's neighb\r4 ,god 0 ignor$ or misconceiv$ (1 & !re=e man 0 wrong$ & oppress$4 ,p]jury1 ev5 9 ! ,"n ( ! ,god ( ,israel1 ^: eyes reg>d fai?fulness & s9c]ity1 & ^: fav\r is n to be won by pr(essions & pres5ts2 a self-h>d5+ aga9/ bo? ,div9e *a/isem5t & prophetic admonition2 a fatal incl9ation to ! s$uctions ( ,canaanite wor%ip & ! violations ( ! moral law1 :i* t wor%ip p]mitt$ & ev5 enc\rag$ z pleas+ to ! gods2 ^! vices *>act]iz$ ! entire population ( ,j]usalem 9 t d>k p]iod4 ,run ye to & fro 9 ! /reets ( ,j]usalem1 & see n[1 & "k1 & seek ye 9 ! broad places !re(1 if ye c f9d a man1 if inde$ !re be "o t doe? ju/ice1 t seeke? s9c]ity2 t ,i may p>don h]4 ,& if !y say1 ,by ! life ( ,iahvah6 ev5 s !y swe> falsely4 ,iahvah1 are n ?9e eyes t[>d s9c]ity8 ,?\ smote/ !m1 & !y trembl$ n2 ,?\ consum$/ !m1 !y refus$ to receive in/ruction2 !y made _! faces h>d] ?an a rock1 !y refus$ to rep5t4 ,& = me1 ,i said 7me?\ght71 ,^! are b poor folk2 !y behave fooli%ly1 because !y "k n ! way ( ,iahvah1 ! ju/ice 7v]4 #a7 ( _! ,god3 let me betake myself to ! great1 & speak ) !m2 = !y at lea/ "k ! way ( ,iahvah1 ! ju/ice ( _! ,god3 b ^! ) "o cons5t _h brok5 ! yoke1 _h bur/ ! bonds 9 sund] 7v4 #a-e74 ,!n1 z n[1 ! debasem5t ( ! /&>d ( life among ! rul+ classes 0 a f> m ?reat5+ symptom ( dang] to ! commonweal? ?an laxity ( pr9ciple among ! masses1 :o _h nev] enjoy$ ! high] k & m ?or\gh tra9+ :i* weal? & rank1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 conf]4 ,if ! crew turn drunk5 & mut9\s1 ! %ip is 9 unque/ionable p]il2 b if !y :o h ! guidance ( ! vessel 9 _! h&s1 foll[ ! vices ( ^? :om !y %\ld comm& & control1 wreck & ru9 are assur$4 ,! pr(ligacy all[$ by hea!nism1 aga9/ :i* ! prophets cri$ 9 va91 is =cibly depict$ 9 ! words3 ,:y %\ld ,i p>don !e8 ,?y sons h =sak5 ,me1 & h sworn by !m t are no gods3 ?\gh ,i _h b\nd !m 7to ,me7 by oa?1#bg !y committ$ 7spiritual7 adult]y1 & into ! h\se ( ! ,=nicatress 7! idol's temple1 :]e ! h>lot prie/ess sat = hire7 !y w\ld flock4 ,/allions roam+ at l>ge 7 !y2 neigh+ ea* to 8 neighb\r's wife4 ,%all ,i n puni% su* (f5ces1 sai? ,iahvah2 & %all n ,my s\l av5ge h]self on su* a nation z ?is8 ,! cynical contempt ( ju/ice1 ! fraud & viol5ce ( ^? :o 7 9 ha/e to become ri*1 are set =? 9 ! foll[+3 ,among ,my p are f\nd godless m52 "o wat*e?1 z birdcat*]s lurk2 !y h set ! trap1 !y cat* m54 ,l a cage fill$ ) birds1 s are _! h\ses fill$ ) fraud3 !re=e !y are become great1 & h amass$ weal?4 ,!y are become fat1 !y are sleek2 also !y pass ov] 7,isa4 xl4 #bg7 cases 7,ex4 xxii4 #i1 xxiv4 #ad2 cf4 also #a ,sam4 x4 #b7 ( wick$ness--neglect to judge he9\s crimes2 ! cause !y judge n1 ! cause ( ! fa!rless1 to make x succe$2 & ! "r ( ! ne$y !y v9dicate n 7v4 #bf-bh74 ,%e is ! city doom$ to be puni%$6 %e is all oppression )94 ,z a spr+ p\re? =? its wat]s1 s %e p\re? =? h] wick$ness2 viol5ce & oppression res\nd 9 h]2 be=e ,me cont9ually is sickness & w\nds 7vi4 #f1 #g74 ,!re w\ld seem to be no hope = su* a p & su* a city4 ,! prophet1 inde$1 _c =get ! claims ( k9dr$1 ! ?\s& ties ( blood & feel+ t b9d him to ?is p]v]se & s9ful nation4 ,?rice1 ev5 9 ?is d>k =eca/ ( de/ruction1 he mitigates sev]ity ) ! promise1 yet w ,i n make a full end4 ,! door is /ill left op51 on ! *ance t "s at lea/ may be won to p5it5ce4 ,b ! *ance 0 small4 ,! difficulty 01 & ! prophet's ye>n+ t5d]ness t[>ds 8 p c\ld n bl9d him to ! fact1 t all ! lessons ( ,god's provid5ce 7 lo/ ^u ?is reprobate race3 ,!y h beli$ ! ,"l1 & said1 x is n ,he2 nei!r %all evil come ^u u2 nei!r %all we see sword & fam9e4 ,! prophets1 !y insi/$1 7 wrong bo? 9 ! significance :i* !y attribut$ to occasional calamities1 & 9 ! disa/]s1 :i* !y ann\nc$ z imm95t3 ,! prophets w become w9d1 & ! ,^w ( ,god is n 9 !m2 s w x turn out ) !m4 ,x 01 !re=e1 :olly futile to appeal to _! bett] judgm5t aga9/ !mselves3 ,?us said ,iahvah1 ,/op on ! ways1 & consid]1 & ask aft] ! et]nal pa?s1 :]e is ! good way1 & walk !re91 & f9d re/ = y\r s\l3 & !y said1 ,we w n walk !re94 ,& ,i w set ov] y wat*m5 7! prophets72 he>k5 ye to ! call ( ! trumpet6 7! w>n+ note ( prophecy7 & !y said ,we w n he>k54 ,f su* wilful h>dness & imp5it5ce1 disda9+ correction & despis+ repro(1 ,god appeals to ! hea!n !mselves1 & to ! dumb e>?1 to atte/ ! ju/ice ( ,8 s5t5ce ( de/ruction aga9/ ?is p3 ,!re=e1 he>1 ,o ye nations1 & "k1 & te/ify :at is among !m6 ,he>1 ,o e>?6 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to br+ evil ^u ?is p1 ! fruit ( _! own devis+s2 = unto ,my words !y h n he>k5$1 & z = ,m9e in/ruction1 !y h reject$ x4 ,_! doom 0 inevitable1 = x 0 ! natural & necess>y consequ5ce ( _! own do+s3 ,?9e own way & ?9e ,own de$s h br\ght ab\t ^! evils = !e2 ?is is ?9e own evil2 v]ily1 x is bitt]1 v]ily1 x rea*e? unto ?9e he>t4 ,! disc\rse ends ) a despair+ glance at ! moral reprobation ( ,israel4 ,an assay] did ,i make !e among ,my p1 a ref9] 7read+ mecrf1 ,mal4 iii4 #b1 #c71 t ?\ mighte/ "k & assay _! k9d 7lit4 way74 ,j]emiah's call _h be5 to sit z a ref9] & purifi] ( silv] 9 ! "n ( 8 ,god3 9 o!r words1 to sep>ate ! good elem5ts f ! bad 9 ,israel1 & to ga!r ar\nd himself ! nucleus ( a p prep>$ = ,iahvah4 ,b 8 "w _h be5 va94 ,9 va9 _h ! prophetic fire burnt )9 him2 9 va9 _h ! vehem5cy ( ! _s fann$ ! flame2 ! ,div9e ^w--t solv5t ( he>ts--_h be5 exp5d$ 9 va92 no good metal c\ld come ( an ore s utt]ly base4 ,!y are all ! wor/ 7#a ,ki4 xx4 #dc7 ( rebels 7or1 des]t]s to ! rebels71 go+ ab\t ) sl&]2 !y are brass & iron2 !y all deal corruptly4#bh ,! bell[s bl[2 ! lead 7us$ = f9+ ! ore7 is consum$ by ! fire2 9 va9 d !y g on ref9+ 7or1 does ! ref9] ref9e#bi72 & ! wick$ are n sep>at$4 ,refuse silv] are !y call$1 = ,iahvah ha? refus$ !m4 ,,footnotes3 #be ,! mod]n s+] has well caught ! e*o ( ?is anci5t /ra94 ,wilt ?\ cov] ?9e hair ) gold1 & ) silv] ?y feet8 ,ha/ ?\ tak5 ! purple to fold !e1 & made ?y m\? sweet8 ,behold1 :5 ?y face is made b>e1 he t lov$ !e %all hate3 ,?y face %all be no m fair at ! fall ( ?y fate4 ,atalanta 9 ,calydon4 #bf ,! second 'aw51 h[ev]1 probably means tr\ble1 calamity1 z 9 ,hab4 iii4 #g4 ,! ,sept4 r5d]s 1 & ?is agrees ) ! m5tion ( ,dan 9 viii4 #af4 ,z ,ewald puts x1 f ! nor? ( ,pale/9e ! mis]y t is com+ f ! fur!r nor? is already be+ proclaim$ to all ! nations 9 ! s\? 7vi4 #ah74 #bg ,) a diff]5t po9t3 ,:5 ,i _h f$ !m to ! full 7cf4 ,hos4 xiii4 #f74 #bh ,?is t]m--ma%*?m--is c]ta9ly n ! plur4 ( ! ma%*?1 pitfall or trap1 ( v4 #bf4 ,! mean+ is ! same z 9 ,isa4 i4 #d4 ,! orig9al =ce ( ! root %a*a? is se5 9 ! ,assyrian %a*tu1 to fall d[n4 #bi ,! =m--crf--is l b*n1 assay]1 9 v]4 #bg4 ,v4 ,,popul> ,,& ,,true ,,religion4 ,,j]emiah vii4-x41 xxvi4 ,9 ! f\r *apt]s :i* we are n[ to consid] we h :at is pla9ly a f9i%$ :ole4 ,! only possible exception 7x4 #a-af7 %all be consid]$ 9 its place4 ,! hi/orical occasion ( ! introductory prophecy 7vii4 #a-ae71 & ! imm$iate effect ( its deliv]y1 are record$ at l5g? 9 ! tw5ty-six? *apt] ( ! book1 s t 9 ?is in/ance we are happily n left to ! unc]ta9ties ( conjecture4 ,we are !re told t x 0 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! reign ( ,jehoiakim son ( ,josiah1 k+ ( ,judah1 t ,j]emiah receiv$ ! comm& to /& 9 ! =e-c\rt ( ,iahvah's h\se1 & to decl>e to all ! cities ( ,judah t 7 come to wor%ip !re1 t unless !y rep5t$ & gave e> to ,iahvah's s]vants ! prophets1 ,he w\ld make ! temple l ,%iloh1 & ,j]usalem itself a curse to all ! nations ( ! e>?4 ,! sub/ance ( ! oracle is !re giv5 9 brief] =m ?an "h1 z 0 natural1 :]e ! writ]'s object 0 pr9cipally to relate ! issue ( x z x affect$ himself4 ,9 nei!r case is x probable t we h a v]batim report ( :at 0 actually said1 ?\gh ! lead+ ?\ghts ( 8 address are1 no d\bt1 fai?fully record$ by ! prophet 9 ! m elaborate composition 7*ap4 vii474 ,trifl+ v>iations betwe5 ! two acc\nts mu/ n1 !re=e1 be press$4 ,int]nal evid5ce sugge/s t ?is oracle 0 deliv]$ at a "t ( grave public anxiety1 su* z m>k$ ! tr\bl$ p]iod aft] ! dea? ( ,josiah1 & ! e>ly ye>s ( ,jehoiakim4 ,all ,judah1 or all ! cities ( ,judah 7xxvi4 #b71 t is to say1 ! p ( ! c\ntry t[ns z well z ! citiz5s ( ,j]usalem1 7 cr[d+ into ! temple to supplicate _! ,god 7vii4 #b74 ,?is indicates an extraord9>y occasion1 a national em]g5cy affect+ all alike4 ,probably a public fa/ & humiliation _h be5 ord]$ by ! au?orities1 on ! reception ( "s ?reat5+ news ( invasion4 ,! op5+ p>agraphs ( ! address are m>k$ by a tone ( controll$ e>ne/ness1 by an unadorn$ pla9ness ( /atem5t1 )\t passion1 )\t exclamation1 apo/rophe1 or rhetorical device ( any k9d2 :i* betok5s ! pres5ce ( a dang] :i* spoke too audibly to ! g5]al e> to require artificial height5+ 9 ! /atem5t ( x4 ,! position ( affairs spoke = itself 7,hitzig74 ,! v words ) :i* ! prophet op5s 8 message1 ,?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 ,make good y\r ways & y\r do+s1 t ,i may cause y to dwell 7p]man5tly7 9 ?is place6 7v]4 #c1 cf4 v]4 #g7 prove t ! anxiety :i* agitat$ ! popul> he>t & drove x to seek consolation 9 religi\s obs]vances1 0 an anxiety ab\t _! political /ability1 ab\t ! p]man5ce ( _! possession ( ! fair l& ( promise4 ,! use ( ! expression ,iahvah ,sabao? ,iahvah 7! ,god7 ( ,ho/s is also significant1 z indicat+ t w> 0 :at ! nation fe>$2 :ile ! prophet rem9ds !m ?us t all e>?ly p[]s1 ev5 ! armies ( hea!n invad]s1 are controll$ & direct$ by ! ,god ( ,israel = ,8 own sov]eign purposes4 ,a p>ticul> crisis is fur!r sugge/$ by ! w>n+3 ,tru/ ye n to ! ly+ words1 ',! ,temple ( ,iahvah1 ! ,temple ( ,iahvah1 ! ,temple ( ,iahvah1 is ?is6' ,! fanatical confid5ce 9 ! inviolability ( ! temple1 :i* ,j]emiah ?us deprecates1 implies a "t ( public dang]4 ,a hundr$ ye>s be=e ?is "t ! temple & ! city _h really come ?r\gh a p]iod ( ! grave/ p]il1 ju/ify+ 9 ! mo/ palpable & unexpect$ mann] ! assurances ( ! prophet ,isaiah4 ,?is 0 rememb]$ n[1 :5 ano!r crisis seem$ imm95t1 ano!r trial ( /r5g? betwe5 ! ,god ( ,israel & ! gods ( ! hea!n4 ,only "p ( ! prophetic tea*+s ( ,isaiah _h root$ itself 9 ! popul> m9d--! "p mo/ agreeable to x4 ,! sacrosanct inviolability ( ! temple1 & ( ,j]usalem = its sake1 0 an idea readily appropriat$ & eag]ly *]i%$4 ,x 0 =gott5 t all dep5d$ on ! w & purposes ( ,iahvah himself2 t ! hea!n might be ! in/rum5ts ) :i* ,he execut$ 8 designs1 & t an invasion ( ,judah might mean1 n an approa*+ trial ( /r5g? betwe5 ,8 omnipot5ce & ! impot5cy ( ! false gods1 b ! judicial outp\r+ ( ,8 righte\s wra? ^u ,8 own rebelli\s p4 ,j]emiah1 !re=e1 affirms t ! popul> confid5ce is ill-f\nd$2 t 8 c\ntrym5 are lull$ 9 a false security2 & he en=ces 8 po9t1 by a pla9 exposure ( ! flagrant (f5ces1 :i* r5d] _! wor%ip a mock]y ( ,god4 ,aga91 x may be suppos$ t ! />tl+ ^w1 ,add y\r burnt-(f]+s to y\r 7ord9>y7 (f]+s1 & eat ! fle% 7( !m7 7vii4 #ba71 implies a "t ( unusual activity 9 ! matt] ( hon\r+ ! ,god ( ,israel ) ! m co/ly (f]+s ( :i* ! wor%ipp]s did n p>take1 b :i* 7 :olly consum$ on ! alt>2 :i* fact also might po9t to a season ( special dang]4 ,&1 la/ly1 ! ref]5ces to tak+ refuge beh9d ! walls ( 'def5c$ cities' 7viii4 #ad2 x4 #ag71 z we "k t ! ,re*abites & d\btless mo/ ( ! rural populace took refuge 9 ,j]usalem on ! approa* ( ! ?ird & la/ ,*aldean exp$ition1 seem to prove t ! occasion ( ! prophecy 0 ! fir/ ,*aldean invasion1 :i* end$ 9 ! submission ( ,jehoiakim to ! yoke ( ,babylon 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #a74 ,already ! nor!rn fronti] _h exp]i5c$ ! de/ructive onslaught ( ! invad]s1 & rum\r ann\nc$ t !y might soon be expect$ to arrive be=e ! walls ( ,j]usalem 7viii4 #af1 #ag74 ,! only o!r hi/orical occasion :i* c be sugge/$ ) any plausibility is ! ,scy?ian invasion ( ,syria-,pale/9e1 to :i* ! previ\s disc\rse 0 assign$4 ,?is w\ld fix ! date ( ! prophecy at "s po9t betwe5 ! ?irte5? & ! eighte5? ye>s ( ,josiah 7,b4,c4 #fbi-fbd74 ,b ! argum5ts = ?is view d n seem to be v /rong 9 !mselves1 & !y c]ta9ly d n expla9 ! ess5tial id5tity ( ! oracle summ>iz$ 9 *ap4 xxvi4 #a-f1 ) t ( vii4 #a-ae4 ,! undisguis$ ref]5ces to ! preval5ce ( idolatry 9 ,j]usalem itself 7vii4 #ag2 cf4 #cj1 #ca71 & ! unwill+ness ( ! p to li/5 to ! prophet's tea*+1 7vii4 #bg71 are q z well acc\nt$ = by suppos+ a religi\s or r an irreligi\s reaction "u ,jehoiakim--:i* is e way probable consid]+ ! bad "* ( t k+ 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #cg2 ,j]4 xxii4 #ac sqq471 & ! s]i\s bl[ inflict$ ^u ! re=m+ p>ty by ! dea? ( ,josiah2 z by assum+ t ! prophecy belongs to ! ye>s be=e ! extirpation ( idolatry 9 ! eighte5? ye> ( ! latt] sov]eign4 ,& n[ let u take a rapid glance at ! sali5t po9ts ( ?is rem>kable utt]ance4 ,! p are /&+ 9 ! out] c\rt1 ) _! faces turn$ t[>d ! c\rt ( ! prie/s1 9 :i* /ood ! holy h\se itself 7,ps4 v4 #g74 ,! prophetic speak] /&s fac+ !m1 9 ! gate ( ! ,"l's h\se1 ! entry ( ! upp] or inn] c\rt1 ! place :5ce ,b>u* 0 aft]w>ds to read ano!r ( 8 oracles to ! p 7xxxvi4 #aj74 ,/&+ "h1 z x 7 betwe5 8 audi5ce & ! ?rone ( ,iahvah1 ,j]emiah acts z visible m$iator betwe5 !m & _! ,god4 ,8 message to ! wor%ipp]s :o ?rong ! c\rts ( ,iahvah's sanctu>y is n "o ( approval4 ,he does n congratulate !m ^u _! manife/ devotion1 ^u ! munific5ce ( _! (f]+s1 ^u _! ungrudg+ & un/9t$ read9ess to meet an unceas+ dra9 ^u _! means4 ,8 message is a surprise1 a %ock to _! self-satisfaction1 an al>m to _! slumb]+ consci5ces1 a m5ace ( wra? & de/ruction ^u !m & _! holy place4 ,8 v fir/ ^w is calculat$ to />tle _! self-righte\sness1 _! misplac$ fai? 9 ! m]it ( _! wor%ip & s]vice4 ,am5d y\r ways & y\r do+s6 ,:]e 0 ! ne$ ( am5dm5t8 !y might ask4 ,7 !y n at t mom5t engag$ 9 a function mo/ grateful to ,iahvah8 ,7 !y n keep+ ! law ( ! sacrifices1 & 7 n ! ,levitical prie/hood m9i/]+ 9 _! ord]1 & receiv+ _! due %>e ( ! (f]+s :i* p\r$ into ! temple day by day8 ,0 n all ?is hon\r en\gh to satisfy ! mo/ exact+ ( deities8 ,p]haps x 01 _h ! deity 9 "q be5 m]ely z "o ( ! gods ( ,canaan4 ,s mu* lip-s]vice1 s _m sacrifices & fe/ivals1 s mu* joy\s revell+ 9 ! sanctu>y1 might be suppos$ to h suffici5tly appeas$ "o ( ! common ,baals1 ^? half-womani% phantoms ( deity ^: delight 0 imag9$ to be 9 fea/+ & debau*]y4 ,nay1 s mu* zeal might h propitiat$ ! savage he>t ( a ,mole*4 ,b ! ,god ( ,israel 0 n z ^!1 nor "o ( ^!2 ?\gh ,8 anci5t p 7 too apt to conceive ?us ( ,him1 & c]ta9 mod]n critics h unconsci\sly foll[$ 9 _! wake4 ,let u see :at x 0 t call$ s l\dly = am5dm5t1 & !n we may become m fully aw>e ( ! gulf t divid$ ! ,god ( ,israel f ! idols ( ,canaan1 & ,8 s]vice f all o!r s]vice4 ,x is important to keep ?is radical diff]5ce /eadily be=e our m9ds1 & to deep5 ! impression ( x1 9 days :5 ! ef=t is made by e means to confuse ,iahvah ) ! gods ( hea!ndom1 & to rank ! religion ( ,israel ) ! l[] surr\nd+ sy/ems4 ,j]emiah accuses 8 c\ntrym5 ( flagrant transgression ( ! univ]sal laws ( morality4 ,!ft1 murd]1 adult]y1 p]jury1 fraud & covet\sness1 sl&] & ly+ & trea*]y 7vii4 #i1 ix4 #c-h71 are *>g$ ^u ^! zeal\s wor%ipp]s by a man :o liv$ among/ !m1 & knew !m well1 & c\ld be contradict$ at once if 8 *>ges 7 false4 ,he tells !m pla9ly t1 9 virtue ( _! frequ5t+ x1 ! temple is become a d5 ( robb]s4 ,& ?is trampl+ ^u ! common rights ( man has its c\nt]p>t & its climax 9 treason aga9/ ,god1 9 burn+ inc5se to ! ,baal1 & walk+ aft] o!r gods :om !y "k n 7vii4 #i72 9 an op5 & %ameless attempt to comb9e ! wor%ip ( ! ,god :o _h f ! outset reveal$ ,himself to _! prophets z a jeal\s1 i4e41 an exclusive ,god1 ) ! wor%ip ( %ad[s :o _h n reveal$ !mselves at all1 & c\ld n be kn[n1 because devoid ( all "* & real exi/5ce4 ,!y ?us ignor$ ! anci5t cov5ant :i* _h con/itut$ !m a nation 7vii4 #bc74 ,9 ! cities ( ,judah1 9 ! /reets ( ! v capital1 ! cultus ( ,a%tre?1 ! ,que5 ( ,heav51 ! voluptu\s ,canaanite goddess ( love & dalliance1 0 busily practis$ by :ole families toge!r1 9 deadly provocation ( ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,! fir/ & great comm&m5t said1 ,?\ %alt love ,iahvah ?y ,god1 & ,him only %alt ?\ s]ve4 ,& !y lov$ & s]v$ & foll[$ & s\ght aft] & wor%ipp$ ! sun & ! moon & ! ho/ ( heav51 ! objects ador$ by ! nation t 0 s soon to enslave !m 7viii4 #b74 ,n only did a worldly1 covet\s & s5sual prie/hood connive 9 ! re/oration ( ! old sup]/itions :i* associat$ o!r gods ) ,iahvah1 & set up idol symbols & alt>s )9 ! prec9cts ( ,8 temple1 z ,manasseh _h done 7#b ,k+s xxi4 #d-e72 !y w5t fur!r ?an ?is 9 _! syncretism1 or r 9 _! p]v]sity1 _! spiritual bl9dness1 _! wilful misconception ( ! ,god reveal$ to _! fa!rs4 ,!y actually conf\nd$ ,,him--! ,"l :o ex]cis$ lov+ k9dness1 ju/ice1 & righte\sness1 & delight$ 9 ! exhibition ( ^! qualities by ,8 wor%ipp]s 7ix4 #bd7--) ! d>k & cruel sun-god ( ! ,ammonites4 ,!y rebuilt ! high-places ( ! ,tophet1 9 ! valley ( b5 ,h9nom1 on ! nor? side ( ,j]usalem1 to burn _! sons & _! daught]s 9 ! fire2 if by means s revolt+ to natural affection !y might w9 back ! fav\r ( heav5--means :i* ,iahvah comm&$ n1 nei!r came !y into ,8 m9d 7vii4 #ca74 ,su* fe>ful & desp]ate exp$i5ts 7 d\btless fir/ sugge/$ by ! false prophets & prie/s 9 ! times ( national adv]sity "u k+ ,manasseh4 ,!y h>moniz$ only too well ) ! despair ( a p1 :o saw 9 a long succession ( political disa/]s ! tok5 ( ,iahvah's un=giv+ wra?4 ,t ^! dreadful rites 7 n a survival 9 ,israel1 seems to foll[ f ! horror :i* !y excit$ 9 ! alli$ armies ( ! two k+doms1 :5 ! k+ ( ,moab1 9 ! extremity ( ! siege1 (f]$ 8 elde/ son z a burnt-(f]+ on ! wall ( 8 capital be=e ! eyes ( ! besieg]s4 ,s appall$ 7 ! ,israelite =ces by ?is spectacle ( a fa!r's despair1 t !y at once rais$ ! blockade1 & retreat$ homew>d 7#b ,k+s iii4 #bg74 ,x is probable1 !n1 t ! d>k] & bloodi] aspects ( hea!n wor%ip 7 ( only rec5t appe>ance among ! ,hebrews1 & t ! rites ( ,mole* _h n be5 at all frequ5t or famili>1 until ! long & h>ass+ conflict ) ,assyria broke ! national _s & incl9$ ! p1 9 _! tr\ble1 to welcome ! sugge/ion t co/li] sacrifices 7 dem&$1 if ,iahvah 0 to be propitiat$ & ,8 wra? appeas$4 ,su* ?+s 7 n done1 app>5tly1 9 ,j]emiah's "t2 he m5tions !m z ! cr[n ( ! nation's pa/ (f5ces2 z s9s t /ill cri$ to heav5 = v5geance1 & w\ld surely entail x1 because ! same _s ( idolatry :i* _h culm9at$ 9 ^! excesses1 /ill liv$ & 0 active 9 ! popul> he>t4 ,x is ! p]si/5ce 9 s9s ( ! same "* :i* involves our dr9k+ to ! dregs ! cup ( puni%m5t = ! guilty pa/4 ,! d>k catalogue ( =gott5 (f5ces witnesses aga9/ u be=e ! ,unse5 ,judge1 & is only oblit]at$ by ! te>s ( a true rep5tance1 & by ! new evid5ce ( a *ange ( he>t & life4 ,!n1 z 9 "s palimpse/1 ! new record cov]s & conceals ! old2 & x is only if we fatally relapse1 t ! eras$ writ+ ( our misde$s becomes visible aga9 be=e ! eye ( ,heav54 ,p]haps also ! prophet m5tions ^! abom9ations because at ! "t he saw ar\nd him unequivocal t5d5cies to ! r5ewal ( !m4 ,"u ! patronage or ) ! connivance ( ! wick$ k+ ,jehoiakim1 ! reaction>y p>ty may h begun to set up aga9 ! alt>s ?r[n d[n by ,josiah1 :ile _! religi\s lead]s advocat$ bo? by spee* & writ+ a return to ! aboli%$ cultus4 ,at all ev5ts1 ?is supposition gives special po9t to ! emphatic ass]tion ( ,j]emiah1 t ,iahvah _h n comm&$ nor ev5 ?\ght ( su* hide\s rites4 ,! ref]5ce to ! false lab\rs ( ! scribes 7*ap4 viii4 #h7 l5ds col\r to ?is view4 ,x may be t "s ( ! int]pret]s ( ! sacr$ law actually anticipat$ c]ta9 writ]s ( our own day1 9 putt+ ?is t]rible gloss ^u ! precept1 ,! fir/born ( ?y sons %alt ?\ give unto ,me 7,ex4 xxii4 #bi74 ,! p ( ,judah 7 misl$1 b !y 7 will+ly misl$4 ,:5 ,j]emiah decl>es to !m1 ,lo1 ye are tru/+1 = y\r "p1 ^u ! words ( delusion1 s t ye ga9 no good6 7vii4 #h7 x is p]haps n s mu* ! smoo? prophecies ( ! false prophets z ! fatal attitude ( ! popul> m9d1 out ( :i* ^? mislead+ oracles grew1 & :i* 9 turn !y aggravat$1 t ! speak] deprecates4 ,he w>ns !m t an absolute tru/ 9 ! prs5tia ,num9is is delusive2 a tru/1 *]i%$ l !irs indep5d5tly ( ! condition ( its ju/ification1 viz41 a walk pleas+ to ,god4 ,:at6 w ye break all ,my laws1 & !n come & /& ) pollut$ h&s be=e ,me 9 ?is h\se 7,isa4 i4 #ae71 :i* is nam$ aft] ,me ',iahvah's ,h\se'1 7,isa4 iv4 #a71 & reassure y\rselves ) ! ?\ght1 ,we are absolv$ f ! consequ5ces ( all ^! abom9ations8 7vv4 #i-aj4 ,lit4 ,we are sav$1 rescu$1 secur$1 ) reg>d to hav+ done all ^! abom9ations3 cf4 ii4 #ce4 ,b p]haps1 ) ,ewald1 we %\ld po9t ! ,hebrew t]m diff]5tly1 & read1 ,save u6 to d all ^! abom9ations1 z if t 7 ! express object ( _! petition1 :i* w\ld really ensue1 if _! pray] 7 grant$3 a f9e irony4 ,= ! =m ( ! v]b1 cf4 ,ezek4 xiv4 #ad47 ,!y ?\ght _! =mal devotions 7 m ?an en\gh to c\nt]balance any brea*es ( ! decalogue2 !y laid t flatt]+ unction to _! s\ls4 ,!y c\ld make x up ) ,god = sett+ ,8 moral law at n\ght4 ,x 0 m]ely a "q ( comp5sation4 ,!y did n see t ! moral law is z immutable z laws physical2 & t ! consequ5ces ( violat+ or keep+ x are z insep>able f x z pa9 f a bl[1 or dea? f poison4 ,!y did n see t ! moral law is simply ! law ( man's heal? & weal?1 & t ! transgression ( x is sorr[ & suff]+ & dea?4 ,if m5 l y1 argues ! prophet1 d>e to tread ^! c\rts1 x mu/ be because y believe x a prop] ?+ to d4 ,b t belief implies t y hold ! temple to be some?+ o!r ?an :at x really is2 t y see no incongruity 9 mak+ ! ,h\se ( ,iahvah a meet+-place ( murd]]s 7spelunca latronum3 ,matt4 xxi4 #ac74 ,t y h y\rselves made x1 9 ! full view ( ,iahvah1 ^: see+ does n re/ !re1 b involves results1 su* z ! pres5t crisis ( public affairs2 ! national dang] is pro( t ,he has se5 y\r he9\s misdo+s4 ,= ,iahvah's see+ br+s a v9dication ( "r1 & v5geance ^u evil 7#b ,*ron4 xxiv4 #bb2 ,ex4 iii4 #g74 ,he is ! wat*man t nev] slumb]s nor sleeps2 ! et]nal ,judge1 ,:o ev] upholds ! law ( righte\sness 9 ! affairs ( man1 nor suff]s ! slighte/ infr+em5t ( t law to g unpuni%$4 ,& ?is unceas+ wat*fulness1 ?is p]petual disp5sation ( ju/ice1 is really a manife/ation ( ,div9e m]cy2 = ! purpose ( x is to save ! human race f self-de/ruction1 & to raise x ev] high] 9 ! scale ( true well-be+1 :i* ess5tially consi/s 9 ! k ( ,god & ob$i5ce to ,8 laws4 ,j]emiah gives 8 audi5ce fur!r gr\nd = conviction4 ,he po9ts to a /rik+ in/ance 9 :i* conduct l !irs _h involv$ results su* z 8 w>n+ holds be=e !m4 ,he e/abli%es ! probability ( *a/isem5t by an hi/orical p>allel4 ,he (f]s !m1 s to speak1 ocul> demon/ration ( 8 doctr9e4 ,i also1 lo1 ,i h se51 sai? ,iahvah6 ,y\r eyes are fix$ on ! temple2 s are ,m9e1 b 9 a diff]5t way4 ,y see a national palladium2 ,i see a desecrat$ sanctu>y1 a %r9e pollut$ & pr(an$4 ,?is di/9ction betwe5 ,god's view & y\rs is c]ta93 =1 g ye n[ to ,my place :i* 0 at ,%iloh1 :]e ,i caus$ ,my ,"n to abide at ! outset 7( y\r settlem5t 9 ,canaan72 & see ! ?+ t ,i h done to x1 because ( ! wick$ness ( ,my p ,israel 7! nor!rn k+dom74 ,!re is ! pro( t ,iahvah see? n z man see?2 !re1 9 t dismantl$ ru91 9 t hi/oric sanctu>y ( ! m p[]ful k+dom ( ,ephraim1 once visit$ by ?\s&s ( wor%ipp]s l ,j]usalem to-day1 n[ des]t$ & desolate1 a monum5t ( ,div9e wra?4 ,! ref]5ce is n to ! tab]nacle1 ! sacr$ ,t5t ( ! ,w&]+s1 :i* 0 fir/ set up at ,nob 7#a ,sam4 xxi4 #bb7 & !n remov$ to ,gibeon 7#b ,*ron4 i4 #c71 b obvi\sly to a build+ m or less l ! temple1 ?\gh less magnific5t4 ,! place & its sanctu>y _h d\btless be5 ru9$ 9 ! great cata/rophe1 :5 ! k+dom ( ,sam>ia fell be=e ! p[] ( ,assyria 7#gba ,b4,c474 ,9 ! foll[+ words 7vv4 #ac-ae7 ! example is appli$4 ,& n[--/at+ ! conclusion--because ( y\r hav+ done all ^! de$s 7sai? ,iahvah1 ,,lxx4 omits71 & because ,i spoke unto y 7e>ly & late1 ,,lxx4 omits71 & ye he>k5$ n1 & ,i call$ y & ye answ]$ n 7,prov4 i4 #bd73 ,i w d unto ! h\se ^u :i* ,my ,"n is call$1 :]e9 ye are tru/+1 & unto ! place :i* ,i gave to y & to y\r fa!rs--z ,i did unto ,%iloh4 ,"s might ?9k t if ! city fell1 ! holy h\se w\ld escape1 z 0 ?\ght by _m l-m9d$ fanatics :5 ,j]usalem 0 beleagu]$ by ! ,roman armies sev5 c5turies lat]3 b ,j]emiah decl>es t ! bl[ w fall ^u bo? alike2 & to give great] =ce to 8 words1 he makes ! judgm5t beg9 at ! h\se ( ,god4 7,! ,hebrew read] w note ! dramatic effect ( ! disposition ( ! acc5ts4 ,! pr9cipal pause is plac$ ^u ! ^w fa!rs1 & ! read] is to halt 9 mom5t>y susp5se ^u t ^w1 be=e he utt]s ! awful ?ree :i* close ! v]se3 z ,i--did to--,%iloh4 ,! ,massorets 7 ma/]s ( ?is k9d ( emphasis47 ,& ,i w ca/ y away f ,my ,pres5ce1 z ,i ca/ 7all3 ,,lxx4 omits#cj7 y\r k9sfolk1 all ! po/]ity ( ,ephraim 7#b ,k+s xvii4 #bj74 ,away f ,my ,pres5ce3 f> beyond ! b\nds ( t holy l& :]e ,i h reveal$ ,myself to prie/s & prophets1 & :]e ,my sanctu>y /&s2 into a l& :]e hea!nism reigns1 & ! k ( ,god is n2 into ! d>k places ( ! e>?1 t lie "u ! blight+ %ad[ ( sup]/ition1 & are envelop$ 9 ! moral midnight ( idolatry4 ,projiciam vos a facie mea4 ,! k & love ( ,god--he>t & m9d rul$ by ! s5se ( purity & t5d]ness & tru? & "r unit$ 9 an ,ineffable ,p]son1 & en?ron$ ^u ! summit ( ! univ]se--^! are light & life = man2 :]e ^! are1 !re is ,8 ,pres5ce4 ,!y :o are s end[$ behold ! face ( ,god1 9 ,:om is no d>kness at all4 ,:]e ^! spiritual end[m5ts are non-exi/5t2 :]e m]e p[]1 or sup]human =ce1 is ! highe/ ?\ght ( ,god to :i* man has atta9$2 :]e !re is no cle> s5se ( ! ess5tial hol9ess & love ( ! ,div9e ,nature2 !re ! _w ( man lies 9 d>kness t may be felt2 !re bloody rites prevail2 !re h>% oppression & %ameless vices reign3 = ! d>k places ( ! e>? are full ( ! habitations ( cruelty4 ,& ?\1 pray ?\ n = ?is p 7xviii4 #bj71 & lift n up = !m outcry nor pray]1 & urge n ,me1 = ,i he> !e n4 ,see/ ?\ n :at !y d 9 ! cities ( ,judah & 9 ! /reets ( ,j]usalem8 ,! *ildr5 ga!r /icks1 & ! fa!rs light ! fire1 & ! wom5 knead d\gh1 to make sacr$ buns 7xliv4 #ai7 = ! ,que5 ( ,heav51 & to p\r libations to o!r gods1 9 ord] to grieve ,me 7,deut4 xxxii4 #af1 #ba74 ,is x ,me t !y grieve8 sai? ,iahvah2 is x n !mselves 7r71 9 reg>d to ! %ame ( _! own faces 7#af-ai74 ,f "o po9t ( view1 all human conduct may be said to be indiff]5t to ,god2 ,he is 1 self-suffic+1 & ne$s n our praises1 our love1 our ob$i5ce1 any m ?an ,he ne$$ ! temple ritual & ! sacrifices ( bulls & goats4 ,man c nei!r b5efit nor injure ,god2 he c only affect 8 own =tunes 9 ?is _w & ! next1 by rebellion aga9/ ! laws ^u :i* 8 welf>e dep5ds1 or by a c>eful obs]vance ( !m4 ,9 ?is s5se1 x is true t wilful idolatry1 t treason aga9/ ,god1 does n provoke or grieve ! ,immutable ,"o4 ,m5 d su* ?+s to _! own sole hurt1 to ! %ame ( _! own faces3 t is1 ! puni%m5t w be ! pa9ful realization ( ! utt] gr\ndlessness ( _! confid5ce1 ( ! folly ( _! false tru/2 ! mortification ( disillusion1 :5 x is too late4 ,t ,j]emiah %\ld h express$ himself ?us is suffici5t answ] to ^? :o pret5d t ! habitual an?ropomorphism ( ! prophetic disc\rses is any?+ m ?an a m]e accid5t ( language & an accommodation to ord9>y /yle4 ,9 ano!r s5se1 ( c\rse1 x is pr(\ndly true to say t human s9 provokes & grieves ! ,"l4 ,god is ,love2 & love may be pa9$ to its dep?s by ! fault ( ! belov$1 & /irr$ to holy indignation at ! disclosure ( utt] unwor?9ess & +ratitude4 ,some?+ correspond+ to ^! emotions ( man may be ascrib$1 ) all rev]5ce1 to ! ,inscrutable ,be+ :o creates man 9 ,8 own image1 t is1 end[$ ) faculties capable ( aspir+ t[>ds ,him1 & receiv+ ! k ( ,8 be+ & "*4 ,pray n ?\ = ?is p 444 = ,i he> !e n6 ,j]emiah 0 wont to int]c$e = 8 p 7xi4 #ad1 xviii4 #bj1 xv4 #a2 cf4 #a ,sam4 xii4 #bc74 ,! deep pa?os :i* m>ks 8 /yle1 ! m9or key 9 :i* almo/ all 8 public utt]ances are pit*$1 proves t ! fate :i* he saw imp5d+ ov] 8 c\ntry1 griev$ him to ! he>t4 ,our sweete/ songs are ^? :i* tell ( sadde/ ?\ght2 & ?is is em95tly true ( ,j]emiah4 ,a pr(\nd melan*oly _h fall5 l a cl\d ^u 8 s\l2 he _h se5 ! future1 fraught z x 0 ) suff]+ & sorr[1 despair & ov]?r[1 slaught] & bitt] s]vitude2 a picture 9 :i* images ( t]ror cr[d$ "o ^u ano!r1 "u a d>k5$ sky1 f :i* no ray ( bless$ hope %ot =?1 b only ! lightn+s ( wra? & ext]m9ation4 ,d\btless 8 pray]s 7 frequ5t1 alive ) feel+1 urg5t1 implor+1 full ( ! convulsive en]gy ( expir+ hope4 ,b 9 ! mid/ ( 8 /rong cry+ & te>s1 !re arose f ! dep?s ( 8 consci\sness ! conviction t all 0 9 va94 ,pray n ?\ = ?is p1 = ,i w n he> !e4 ,! ?\ght /ood be=e him1 %>p & cle> z a comm&2 ! unutt]$ s\nd ( x rang 9 8 e>s1 l ! voice ( a de/roy+ angel1 a mess5g] ( doom1 calm z despair1 sure z fate4 ,he knew x 0 ! voice ( ,god4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( nations z 9 ! lives ( individuals !re are times :5 rep5tance1 ev5 if possible1 w\ld be too late to av]t ! evils :i* long p]iods ( misdo+ h call$ f ! abyss to d _! p5al & retributive "w4 ,once ! dike is und]m9$1 no p[] on e>? c hold back ! flood ( wat]s f ! def5celess l&s b5ea?4 ,& :5 a nation's s9s h p5etrat$ & poison$ all social & political relations1 & corrupt$ ! v f\nta9s ( life1 y _c av]t ! flood ( ru9 t mu/ come1 to sweep away ! ta9t$ mass ( spoil$ humanity2 y _c av]t ! /orm t mu/ break to purify ! air1 & make x fit = m5 to brea! aga94 ,!re=e--because ( ! national unfai?fulness--?us said ! ,"l ,iahvah1 ,lo1 ,m9e ang] & ,my fury are be+ p\r$ out t[>d ?is place--^u ! m51 & ^u ! cattle1 & ^u ! trees ( ! field1 & ^u ! fruit ( ! gr\nd2 & x w burn1 & n be qu5*$6 7vii4 #bj74 ,! havoc wr\ght by w>1 ! h>ry+ & slay+ ( man & bea/1 ! fell+ ( fruit trees & fir+ ( ! v9ey>ds1 are int5d$2 b n s z to exclude ! ravages ( pe/il5ce & dr\ghts 7*ap4 xiv47 & fam9e4 ,all ^! evils are manife/ations ( ! wra? ( ,iahvah4 ,cattle & trees & ! fruit ( ! gr\nd1 i4e4 ( ! cornl&s & v9ey>ds1 are to %>e 9 ! g5]al de/ruction 7cf4 ,hos4 iv4 #c71 n1 ( c\rse1 z p>tak]s ( man's guilt1 b only by way ( aggravat+ 8 puni%m5t4 ,! f9al phrase is wor?y ( consid]ation1 because ( its be>+ ^u o!r passages4 ,x w burn & n be qu5*$1 or x w burn unqu5*ably4 ,! mean+ is n t ! ,div9e wra? once k9dl$ w g on burn+ = ev]2 b t once k9dl$1 no human or o!r p[] w be able to ext+ui% x1 until x has accompli%$ its appo9t$ "w ( de/ruction4 ,?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ! ,god ( ,israel3 ,y\r holocau/s add ye to y\r common sacrifices1 & eat ye fle%6 t is1 ,eat fle% 9 abundance1 eat y\r fill ( x6 ,/9t n y\rselves by devot+ any portion ( y\r (f]+s :olly to ,me4 ,i am z indiff]5t to y\r burnt-(f]+s1 y\r m co/ly & spl5did gifts1 z to ! ord9>y sacrifices1 ov] :i* y fea/ & make m]ry ) y\r fri5ds 7#a ,sam4 i4 #d1 #ac74 ,! holocau/s :i* y are n[ burn+ on ! alt> be=e ,me w n avail to alt] ,my settl$ purpose4 ,= ,i spake n ) y\r fa!rs1 nor comm&$ !m1 9 ! day t ,i br\ght !m =? out ( ! l& ( ,egypt1 conc]n+ matt]s ( holocau/ & sacrifice1 b ?is matt] comm&$ ,i !m1 ,he>k5 ye unto ,my voice1 s become ,i ,god to y1 & y--ye %all become to ,me a p2 & walk ye 9 all ! way t ,i %all comm& y1 t x may g well ) y6 7#bb-bc7 cf4 ,deut4 vi4 #c4 ,^? :o believe t ! entire prie/ly legislation z we n[ h x 9 ! ,p5tateu* is ! "w ( ,moses1 may be cont5t to f9d 9 ?is passage ( ,j]emiah no m ?an an extreme anti!tical expression ( ! tru? t to obey is bett] ?an sacrifice4 ,!re c be no "q t f ! outset ( its hi/ory1 ,israel1 9 common ) all ! ,semitic nations1 gave outw>d expression to its religi\s ideas 9 ! =m ( animal sacrifice4 ,moses _c h orig9at$ ! in/itution1 he f\nd x already 9 vogue1 ?\gh he may h regulat$ ! details ( x4 ,ev5 9 ! ,p5tateu*1 ! t]m sacrifice is n[h]e expla9$2 ! g5]al und]/&+ ( ! mean+ ( x is tak5 = grant$ 7see ,ex4 xii4 #bg1 xxiii4 #ah74 ,religi\s cu/oms are ( immemorial use1 & x is impossible 9 mo/ cases to specify ! p]iod ( _! orig94 ,b :ile x is c]ta9 t ! in/itution ( sacrifice 0 ( extreme antiquity 9 ,israel z 9 o!r anci5t peoples1 x is equally c]ta91 f ! pla9 evid5ce ( _! extant writ+s1 t ! prophets be=e ! ,exile atta*$ no indep5d5t value ei!r to x or to any o!r "p ( ! ritual ( ! temple4 ,we h already se5 h[ ,j]emiah c\ld speak ( ! mo/ v5]able ( all ! symbols ( ! popul> fai? 7iii4 #af74 ,n[ he affirms t ! traditional rules = ! burnt-(f]+s & o!r sacrifices 7 n matt]s ( special ,div9e in/itution1 z 0 popul>ly suppos$ at ! "t4 ,! ref]5ce to ! ,exodus may imply t already 9 8 day !re 7 writt5 n>ratives :i* ass]t$ ! contr>y2 t ! fir/ c>e ( ! ,div9e ,savi\r aft] ,he _h l$ ,8 p ?r\gh ! sea 0 to provide !m ) an elaborate sy/em ( ritual & sacrifice1 id5tical ) t :i* prevail$ 9 ,j]emiah's day4 ,! important v]se already quot$ 7viii4 #h7 seems to glance at su* pi\s fictions ( ! popul> religi\s tea*]s3 ,h[ say ye1 ,we are wise1 & ! in/ruction 7,a4 ,v4 law7 ( ,iahvah is ) u8 ,b behold = lies ha? x wr\ght--! ly+ p5 ( ! scribes6 ,x is1 inde$1 difficult to see h[ ,j]emiah or any ( 8 pr$ecessors c\ld h done o!rwise ?an take = grant$ ! e/abli%$ modes ( public wor%ip1 & ! traditional holy places4 ,! prophets d n seek to alt] or aboli% ! ext]nals ( religion z su*2 !y are n s unreasonable z to dem& t /at$ rites & traditional sanctu>ies %\ld be disreg>d$1 & t m5 %\ld wor%ip 9 ! _s only1 )\t ! aid ( outw>d symbolism ( any sort1 h[ev] innoc5t & appropriate to its object x might seem4 ,!y knew v well t rites & c]emonies 7 necess>y to public wor%ip2 :at !y prote/$ aga9/ 0 ! fatal t5d5cy ( _! "t to make ^! ! :ole ( religion1 to suppose t ,iahvah's claims c\ld be satisfi$ by a due p]=mance ( ^!1 )\t reg>d to ^? high] moral requirem5ts ( ,8 law :i* ! ritual wor%ip might fitly h symboliz$ b c\ld n rightly sup]s$e4 ,x 0 n a "q ) ,hosea1 ,amos1 ,micah1 ,isaiah1 ,j]emiah1 :e!r or n ,iahvah c\ld be bett] hon\r$ ) or )\t temples & prie/s & sacrifices4 ,! "q 0 :e!r ^! traditional in/itutions actually s]v$ z an outw>d expression ( t devotion to ,him & ,8 holy law1 ( t righte\sness & hol9ess ( life1 :i* is ! only true wor%ip1 or :e!r !y 7 look$ ^u z 9 !mselves compris+ ! :ole ( necess>y religion4 ,s9ce ! p took ?is latt] view1 ,j]emiah decl>es t _! sy/em ( public wor%ip is futile4 ,he>k5 unto ,my voice3 n z giv+ regulations ab\t ! ritual1 b z inculcat+ moral duty by ! prophets1 z is expla9$ imm$iately 7v]4 #be71 & z is cle> also f ! /atem5t t !y walk$ 9 ! s*emes ( _! own evil he>t omit3 9 ! /ubbornness1 ) ,,lxx41 & read m a? /at4 con/r41 & fell to ! re> & n ! front4 ,z !y did n advance 9 ! k & love ( ! spiritual ,god1 :o 0 seek+ to lead !m by ,8 prophets1 f ,moses d[nw>ds 7,deut4 xviii4 #ae71 !y /eadily retrograd$ & decl9$ 9 moral wor?1 until !y _h become hopelessly corrupt & pa/ correction4 7,lit4 & !y became back & n face1 :i* may mean1 !y turn$ _! backs ^u ,iahvah & ,8 in/ruction47 ,?is /eady progress 9 evil is indicat$ by ! words1 & !y h>d5$ _! neck1 !y did worse ?an _! fa!rs 7v]4 #bf74 ,x is impli$ t ?is 0 ! case ) ea* successive g5]ation1 & ! view ( ,israel's hi/ory ?us express$ is 9 p]fect h>mony ) common exp]i5ce4 ,progress1 "o way or ! o!r1 is ! law ( "*2 if we d n advance 9 goodness1 we g back1 or1 :at is ! same ?+1 we advance 9 evil4 ,f9ally1 ! prophet is w>n$ t 8 mission also mu/ fail1 l t ( 8 pr$ecessors1 unless inde$ ! second clause ( v]4 #bg1 :i* is omitt$ by ! ,septuag9t1 be really an int]polation4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! failure is impli$ if n express$1 = he is to pron\nce a s5t5ce ( reprobation ^u 8 p4 ,& ?\ %alt speak all ^! words unto !m & !y w n he>k5 unto !e1 & ?\ %alt call unto !m1 & !y w n answ] !e3 ,,lxx4 omits4 ,& ?\ %alt say unto !m1 ,?is is ! nation t he>k5$ n unto ! voice ( ,iahvah its ,god1 & receiv$ n correction3 ,good fai? is p]i%$ & cut (f f _! m\? 7cf4 ix4 #c sq474 ,! *>ge is rem>kable4 ,x is "o :i* ,j]emiah reit]ates3 see v]4 #i1 vi4 #ac1 viii4 #e1 ix4 #c sqq41 xii4 #a4 ,8 fell[-c\ntrym5 are at once deceiv]s & deceiv$4 ,!y h no reg>d = tru? & hon\r 9 _! mutual deal+s2 grasp+ gre$ & lies & trick]y /amp _! ev]yday int]c\rse ) ea* o!r2 & covet\sness & fraud equally *>act]ise ! behavi\r ( _! religi\s lead]s4 ,:]e tru? is n priz$ = its own sake1 !re debas$ ideas ( ,god & lax conceptions ( morality creep 9 & spread4 ,only he :o loves tru? comes to ! light2 & only he :o does ,god's w sees t tru? is div9e4 ,false belief & false liv+ 9 turn beget ea* o!r2 & z a matt] ( exp]i5ce x is (t5 impossible to say :i* 0 antec$5t to ! o!r4 ,9 ! clos+ section ( ?is fir/ "p ( 8 long address 7vv4 #bi-viii4 #c71 ,j]emiah apo/rophizes ! c\ntry1 bidd+ h] bewail h] imm95t ru94 ,%e> ?y tresses 7coronal ( long hair7 & ca/ !m away1 & lift ^u ! b>e hills a lam5tation6--s+ a dirge ov] ?y dep>t$ glory & ?y sla9 *ildr51 ^u ^? unhall[$ m\nta9-tops :i* 7 ! sc5e ( ?9e apo/asies 7iii4 #ba72 = ,iahvah ha? reject$ & =sak5 ! g5]ation ( ,8 wra?4 ,! hopeless tone ( ?is exclamation 7cf4 also vv4 #ae1 #af1 #bj7 seems to agree bett] ) ! times ( ,jehoiakim1 :5 x _h become evid5t to ! prophet t am5dm5t 0 beyond hope1 ?an ) ! ye>s prior to ,josiah's re=mation4 ,8 own contempor>ies are '! g5]ation ( ,iahvah's wra?1' i4e4 ^u :i* ,8 wra? is de/9$ to be p\r$ out1 = ! day ( grace is pa/ & gone2 & ?is1 because ( ! desecration ( ! temple itself by su* k+s z ,ahaz & ,manasseh1 b especially because ( ! horrors ( ! *ild-sacrifices 9 ! valley ( b5 ,h9nom 7#b ,k+s xvi4 #c1 xxi4 #c-f71 :i* ^? k+s _h be5 ! fir/ to introduce 9 ,judah4 ,!re=e behold days are com+1 sai? ,iahvah1 & x %all no m be call$ ! ,tophet 7an obscure t]m1 probably mean+ some?+ l ,pyre or ,burn+place3 cf4 ! ,p]sian tab-idan to burn1 & ! ,greek 1 - to bury1 /rictly to burn a corpse2 also 1 to smoke1 ,sanskrit dhp3 to suppose a reproa*ful "n l ,spitt+ ,object ( loa?+1 is cle>ly aga9/ ! context3 ! hon\rable "n is to be ex*ang$ = "o ( di%on\r71 & ! ,valley ( b5 ,h9nom1 b ! ,valley ( ,slaught]1 & p %all bury 9 ! ,tophet = want ( room 7else:]e76 ,a great battle is contemplat$1 z is evid5t also f ,deut4 xxviii4 #be1 #bf1 ! latt] v]se be+ imm$iately quot$ by ! prophet 7v]4 #cc74 ,! ,tophet w be defil$ = ev] by be+ made a burial place2 b _m ( ! fall5 w be left unburi$1 a prey to ! vulture & ! jackal4 ,9 t fe>ful "t1 all s\nds ( joy\s life w cease 9 ! cities ( ,judah & 9 ! capital itself1 = ! l& w become a desolation4 ,& ! scornful enemy w n be satisfi$ ) wreak+ 8 v5geance ^u ! liv+2 he w insult ! dead1 by break+ into ! sepul*res ( ! k+s & gr&ees1 ! prie/s & prophets & p1 & hal+ _! corpses =? to lie rott+ 9 face ( ! sun1 moon & />s1 :i* !y _h s s$ul\sly wor%ipp$ 9 _! lifetime1 b :i* w be p[]less to protect _! dead bodies f ?is %ameful indignity4 ,& z = ! survivors1 dea? w be pref]r$ to life 9 ! case ( all ! remnant t rema9 ( ?is evil tribe1 9 all ! places :i!r ,i %all h driv5 !m1 sai? ,iahvah ,sabao? 7omit ! second t rema91 ) ,,lxx4 z an accid5tal repetition f ! prec$+ l9e1 & z break+ ! con/ruction74 ,! prophet has rea*$ ! conviction t ,judah w be driv5 into bani%m5t2 b ! details ( ! de/ruction :i* he contemplates are obvi\sly ( an imag9ative & rhetorical "*4 ,x is1 !re=e1 sup]flu\s to ask :e!r a great battle 0 actually f\ght aft]w>ds 9 ! valley ( b5 ,h9nom1 & :e!r ! sla9 apo/ates ( ,judah 7 buri$ !re 9 heaps1 & :e!r ! conqu]ors violat$ ! tombs4 ,_h ! ,*aldeans or any ( _! allies done ?is la/1 9 se>* ( treasure = in/ance1 we %\ld expect to f9d "s notice ( x 9 ! hi/orical *apt]s ( ,j]emiah4 ,b x 0 probably kn[n well en\gh to ! surr\nd+ peoples t ! ,jews 7 n 9 ! habit ( bury+ treasure 9 _! tombs4 ,! prophet's ?reat h[ev]1 curi\sly corresponds to :at ,josiah is relat$ to h done at ,be!l & else:]e1 by way ( irrep>ably pollut+ ! high places 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #af sqq472 & x is probable t 8 recollection ( t ev5t1 :i* he may himself h witness$1 det]m9$ ! =m ( ,j]emiah's language "h4#ca ,9 ! second "p ( ?is great disc\rse 7viii4 #d-bc7 we h a f9e developm5t ( ?\ghts :i* h already be5 advanc$ 9 ! op5+ piece1 aft] ! usual mann] ( ,j]emiah4 ,! fir/ half 7or /rophe7 is ma9ly conc]n$ ) ! s9s ( ! nation 7vv4 #d-ac71 ! second ) a despair+ lam5t ov] ! puni%m5t 7#ad-bc ix4 #a74 ,& ?\ %alt say unto !m3 ,?us said ,iahvah1 ,d m5 fall & n rise aga98 ,do? a man turn back1 & n return8 ,:y do? ,j]usalem make ?is p to turn back ) an et]nal 7or p]fect1 utt]1 absolute7 turn+ back8 ,:y clut* !y deceit1 refuse to return8 7,! ,,lxx4 omits ,j]usalem1 :i* is p]haps only a m>g9al gloss4 ,we %\ld !n h to read %obab = %obebah1 z ?is p is masc4 ,! ,he has be5 writt5 twice by inadv]t5ce4 ,! v]b1 h[ev]1 is transitive 9 l4 #ai2 ,isa4 xlvii4 #aj1 etc42 & ,i f9d no c]ta9 in/ance ( ! intrans4 =m besides ,ezek4 xxxviii4 #h1 p>ticiple47 ,i li/5$ & he>d2 !y speak n aright 7,ex4 x4 #bi2 ,isa4 xvi4 #f72 n a man rep5te? ov] 8 evil1 say+ 7or ?9k+71 ,:at h ,i done8 ,!y all 7lit4 all ( him1 i4e4 ! p7 turn back into _! c\rses 7plur4 ,heb4 text2 s+4 ,heb4 m>g471 l ! ru%+ horse into ! battle4 ,!re is some?+ unnatural 9 ?is ob/9ate p]si/5ce 9 evil4 ,if a man happ5s to fall he does n rema9 on ! gr\nd1 b quickly rises to 8 feet aga92 & if he turn back on 8 way = "s reason or o!r1 he w usually return to t way aga94 ,!re is a play on ! ^w 'turn back' or 'return1' l t 9 iii4 #ab1 #ad4 ,! t]m is fir/ us$ 9 ! s5se ( turn+ back or away f ,iahvah1 & !n 9 t ( return+ to ,him1 accord+ to its metaphorical mean+ to rep5t4 ,?us ! import ( ! "q is3 ,is x natural to apo/atize & nev] to rep5t ( x8 7,p]haps we %\ld r read1 aft] ! analogy ( iii4 #a1 ,do? a man g away 77 on a j\rney1 & n return87 ,o!rs int]pret3 ,do? a man return1 & n return8 ,t is1 if he return1 he does x1 & does n /op midway2 :]eas ,judah only pret5ds to rep5t1 & does n really d s4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n agree ) ! p>allel memb]1 nor ) ! foll[+ simil> que/ions4 ,x is v noticeable h[ ?or\ghly ! prophets1 :o1 aft] all1 7 ! greate/ ( practical morali/s1 id5tify religion ) "r aims & "r conduct4 ,! beg9n+ ( evil c\rses is turn+ away f ,iahvah2 ! beg9n+ ( re=m is turn+ back to ,iahvah4 ,= ,iahvah's "* z reveal$ to ! prophets is ! ideal & /&>d ( e?ical p]fection2 ,he does & delights 9 love1 ju/ice & equity 7ix4 #bc74 ,if a man look away f t ideal1 if he be cont5t ) a l[] /&>d ?an ! ,w & ,law ( ! ,all-,p]fect1 !n & !reby he inevitably s9ks 9 ! scale ( morality4 ,! prophets are n tr\bl$ by ! idle "q ( m$ieval s*oolm5 & sceptical mod]ns4 ,x nev] occurr$ to !m to ask ! "q :e!r ,god is good because ,god wills x1 or :e!r ,god wills good because x is good4 ,! dilemma is1 9 tru?1 no bett] ?an a v]bal puzzle1 if we all[ ! exi/5ce ( a p]sonal ,deity4 ,= ! idea ( ,god is ! idea ( a ,be+ :o is absolutely good1 ! only ,be+ :o is su*2 p]fect goodness is und]/ood to be realiz$ n[h]e else b 9 ,god4 ,x is "p ( ,8 ess5ce & conception2 x is ! aspect "u :i* ! human m9d appreh5ds ,him4 ,to suppose goodness exi/+ ap>t f ,him1 z an indep5d5t object :i* ,he may *oose or refuse1 is to deal 9 empty ab/ractions4 ,we might z well ask :e!r convex c exi/ ap>t f concave 9 nature1 or motion ap>t f a c]ta9 rate ( spe$4 ,! human _s c appreh5d ,god 9 ,8 moral p]fections1 because x is1 at h[ev] va/ a di/ance1 ak9 to ,him--a div9 p>ticula aur2 & x c /rive t[>ds ^? p]fections by help ( ! same grace :i* reveals !m4 ,! prophets "k ( no o!r orig9 or measure ( moral endeav\r ?an t :i* ,iahvah makes kn[n to !m4 ,9 ! pres5t in/ance1 ! *>ge :i* ,j]emiah makes aga9/ 8 contempor>ies is a radical falsehood1 ins9c]ity1 fai?lessness3 !y clut* or cl+ to deceit1 !y speak :at is n "r or hone/1 /raight=w>d 7,g54 xlii4 #aa1 #ai74 ,_! treason to ,god & _! trea*]y to _! fell[s are opposite sides ( ! same fact4 ,_h !y be5 true to ,iahvah1 t is1 to ,8 tea*+s ?r\gh ! high] prophets & _! own consci5ces1 !y w\ld h be5 true to "o ano!r4 ,! =be>+ love ( ,god1 ,8 t5d] solicitude to he> & save1 are illu/rat$ by ! words3 ,i li/5$ & he>d 444 n a man rep5t$ ov] 8 evil1 say+1 ,:at h ,i done8 7,! feel+ ( ! /rick5 consci5ce c\ld h>dly be m aptly express$ ?an by ?is brief "q47 ,b 9 va9 does ! ,heav5ly ,fa!r wait = ! acc5ts ( p5it5ce & contrition3 !y all return--g back aga9 & aga9 7,ps4 xxiii4 #f7--;into _! own race or c\rses1 l a horse ru%+ 7lit4 p\r+ =?3 ( ru%+ wat]s1 ,ps4 lxxviii4 #bj7 into ! battle4 ,! eag]ness ) :i* !y foll[ _! own wick$ desires1 ! recklessness ) :i* !y give _! s5sual race ! re91 9 set defiance ( ,god1 & wilful oblivion ( consequ5ces1 is f9ely express$ by ! simile ( ! w>horse ru%+ 9 headlong eag]ness into ! fray 7,job xxxix4 #be74 ,also 7or ev57 ! /ork 9 ! heav5s kn[e? h] appo9t$ times1 & turtl$ove1 swift & crane obs]ve ! season ( _! com+2 b ,my p "k n ! ord9ance ( ,iahvah--:at ,he has will$ & decl>$ to be "r = man 7,8 ,law2 jus div9um1 relligio div9a74 ,! dulle/ ( wits c h>dly fail to appreciate ! =ce ( ?is beautiful contra/ betwe5 ! regul>ity ( in/9ct & ! ab]rations ( reason4 ,all liv+ creatures are subject to laws ^u ob$i5ce to :i* _! well-be+ dep5ds4 ,! life ( man is no exception2 x too is subject to a law--a law :i* is z mu* high] ?an t :i* regulates m]e animal exi/5ce1 z reason & consci5ce & spiritual aspiration are high] ?an in/9ct & sexual impulse4 ,b :]eas ! l[] =ms ( life are ob$i5t to ! laws ( _! be+1 man rebels aga9/ !m1 & d>es to disobey :at he kn[s to be = 8 good2 nay1 he suff]s himself to be s bl9d$ by lu/ & passion & pride & self-w t at la/ he does n ev5 recognise ! ,law--! ord9ance ( ! ,et]nal--= :at x really is1 ! organic law ( 8 true be+1 ! condition at once ( 8 excell5ce & 8 happ9ess4 ,! prophet next meets an objection4 ,he has j alleg$ a pr(\nd moral ignorance--a culpable ignorance--aga9/ ! p4 ,he supposes !m to d5y ! accusation1 z d\btless !y (t5 did 9 answ] to 8 remon/rances 7cf4 xvii4 #ae1 xx4 #g sq47 ,h[ c ye say1 ,we are wise--morally wise--& ! tea*+ ( ,iahvah is ) u6 b behold3 ,,lxx4 omits3 ei!r t]m w\ld be suffici5t by itself = ! ,lie ha? ! ly+ p5 ( ! scribes made x6 ,! ref]5ce cle>ly is to :at ,j]emiah's oppon5ts call ! tea*+ 7or law3 torah7 ( ,iahvah2 & x is also cle> t ! prophet *>ges ! scribes ( ! opposite p>ty ) falsify+ or tamp]+ ) ! tea*+ ( ,iahvah 9 "s way or o!r4 ,is x meant t !y misrepres5t$ ! t]ms ( a writt5 docum5t1 su* z ! ,book ( ! ,cov5ant1 or ,deut]onomy8 ,b !y c\ld h>dly d ?is )\t detection1 9 ! case ( a "w :i* 0 n 9 _! exclusive possession4 ,or does ,j]emiah accuse !m ( mis9t]pret+ ! sacr$ law1 by putt+ false glosses ^u its precepts1 z might be done 9 a legal docum5t :]ev] !re seem$ room = a diff]5ce ( op9ion1 or :]ev] conflict+ traditional int]pretations exi/$ side by side8 7,cf4 my rem>ks on vii4 #ca47 ,! ,hebrew may indicate ?is1 = we may translate3 ,b lo1 into ! lie ! ly+ p5 ( ! scribes ha? made x6 :i* recalls ,/4 ,paul's description ( ! hea!n z *ang+ ! tru? ( ,god into a lie 7,rom4 i4 #bf74 ,! con/ruction is ! same z 9 ,g54 xii4 #b2 ,isa4 xliv4 #ag4 ,or1 f9ally1 does he boldly *>ge ^! abettors ( ! false prophets ) =g+ supposititi\s law-books1 9 ! int]e/ ( _! own faction1 & 9 support ( ! claims & doctr9es ( ! worldly prie/s & prophets8 ,?is la/ view is q admissible1 s f> z ! ,hebrew goes1 :i*1 h[ev]1 is n free f ambiguity4 ,x might be r5d]$1 ,b behold1 9 va91 or bootlessly 7iii4 #bc7 ha? ! ly+ p5 ( ! scribes lab\r$2 tak+ ! v]b 9 an absolute s5se1 :i* is n a common use 7,ru? ii4 #ai74 ,or we might transpose ! t]ms = p5 & ly+1 & r5d]1 ,b behold1 9 va9 ha? ! p5 ( ! scribes fabricat$ falsehood4 ,9 any case1 ! g5]al s5se is ! same3 ,j]emiah *>ges n only ! speak]s1 b ! writ]s1 ( ! popul> p>ty ) utt]+ _! own inv5tions 9 ! "n ( ,iahvah4 ,^! scribes 7 ! spiritual ance/ors ( ^? ( our ,savi\r's "t1 :o made ! ^w ( ,god ( none effect = ! sake ( _! traditions 7,matt4 xv4 #f74 ,= ! ,lie means1 to ma9ta9 ! popul> misbelief4 7,x might also be r5d]$1 = falsehood1 falsely1 z 9 ! phrase to swe> falsely1 i4e41 = deceit2 ,lev4 v4 #bd47 ,x ?us appe>s t conflict+ & compet+ v]sions ( ! law 7 curr5t 9 t age4 ,has ! ,p5tateu* pres]v$ elem5ts ( bo? k9ds1 or is x homog5e\s ?r\gh\t8 ,( ! scribes ( ! p]iod we1 alas6 "k little beyond :at ?is passage tells u4 ,b ,ezra mu/ h _h pr$ecessors1 & we may rememb] t ,b>u*1 ! fri5d & amanu5sis ( ,j]emiah1 0 also a scribe 7xxxvi4 #bf74 ,! wise w blu%1 !y w be dismay$ & caught6 ,lo1 ! ^w ( ,iahvah !y reject$1 & wisdom ( :at sort h !y8 7vi4 #aj74 ,! :ole body ( ,j]emiah's oppon5ts1 ! populace z well z ! prie/s & prophets1 are int5d$ by ! wise1 t is1 ! wise 9 _! own conceits 7v]4 #h72 !re is an ironical ref]5ce to _! own assumption ( ! title4 ,^! self-/yl$ wise ones1 :o pref]r$ _! own wisdom to ! guidance ( ! prophet1 w be puni%$ by ! mortification ( discov]+ _! folly :5 x is too late4 ,_! folly w be ! in/rum5t ( _! ru91 = ,he take? ! wise 9 _! own craft9ess z 9 a sn>e 7,prov4 v4 #bb74 ,!y :o reject ,iahvah's ^w1 9 :atev] =m x comes to !m1 h no o!r light to walk by2 !y mu/ ne$s walk 9 d>kness1 & /umble at noonday4 ,= ,iahvah's ^w is ! only true wisdom1 ! only true guide ( man's foot/eps4 ,& ?is is ! k9d ( wisdom :i* ! ,holy ,scriptures (f] u2 n a m]ely speculative wisdom1 n :at is commonly und]/ood by ! t]ms sci5ce & art1 b ! priceless k ( ,god & ( ,8 w conc]n+ u2 a k9d ( k :i* is beyond all comp>ison ! mo/ important = our well-be+ "h & h]eaft]4 ,if ?is ,div9e wisdom1 :i* relates to ! prop] conduct ( life & ! "r education ( ! highe/ faculties ( our be+1 seem a small matt] to any man1 ! fact argues spiritual bl9dness on 8 "p2 x _c dim9i% ! glory ( heav5ly wisdom4 ,"s well-mean+ b mi/ak5 p are fond ( ma9ta9+ :at !y call ! sci5tific accuracy ( ! ,bible1 mean+ !reby an ess5tial h>mony ) ! late/ discov]ies1 or ev5 ! newe/ hypo!ses1 ( physical sci5ce4 ,b ev5 to raise su* a prepo/]\s "q1 :e!r z advocate or z assailant1 is to be guilty ( a crude ana*ronism1 & to betray an incr$ible ignorance ( ! real value ( ! ,scriptures4 ,t value ,i believe to be ine/imable4 ,b to discuss ! sci5tific accuracy ( ! ,bible appe>s to me to be z irrelevant to any pr(itable issue1 z x w\ld be to discuss ! meteorological precision ( ! ,mahabh>ata1 or ! m>vell\s *emi/ry ( ! ,z5dave/a1 or ! physiological revelations ( ! ,koran1 or ! enlight5$ an?ropology ( ! ,nibelung5li$4 ,a man may reject ! ^w ( ,iahvah1 he may reject ,*ri/'s ^w1 because he supposes t x is n suffici5tly atte/$4 ,he may urge t ! pro( t x is ( ,,god breaks d[n1 & he may flatt] himself t he is a p]son ( sup]ior disc]nm5t1 because he p]ceives a fact to :i* ! multitude ( believ]s are app>5tly bl9d4 ,b :at k9d ( pro( w\ld he h8 ,does he dem& m ?an ! case admits (8 ,"s port5t 9 e>? or sky or sea1 :i* 9 reality w\ld be q =eign to ! matt] 9 h&1 & c\ld h none b an accid5tal connexion ) x1 & w\ld1 9 fact1 be no pro( at all1 b itself a my/]y requir+ to be expla9$ by ! ord9>y laws ( physical causation8 ,to dem& a k9d ( pro( :i* is irrelevant to ! subject is a m>k n ( sup]ior caution & judgm5t1 b ( ignorance & confusion ( ?\ght4 ,! pla9 tru? is1 & ! fact is abundantly illu/rat$ by ! tea*+s ( ! prophets &1 above all1 ( our ,div9e ,"l1 t moral & spiritual tru?s are self-atte/+ to m9ds able to realize !m2 & !y no m ne$ supplem5t>y corroboration ?an does ! ultimate te/imony ( ! s5ses ( a sane p]son4 ,n[ ! ,bible z a :ole is an unique rep]tory ( su* tru?s2 ?is is ! secret ( its age-long influ5ce 9 ! _w4 ,if a man does n c>e = ! ,bible1 if he has n le>n$ to appreciate ?is aspect ( x1 if he does n love x precisely on ?is acc\nt1 ,i1 9 turn1 c>e v little = 8 op9ion ab\t ! ,bible4 ,!re may be mu* 9 ! ,bible :i* is o!rwise valuable1 :i* is preci\s z hi/ory1 z tradition1 z be>+ ^u que/ions ( int]e/ to ! e?nologi/1 ! antiqu>ian1 ! man ( lett]s4 ,b ^! ?+s are ! %ell1 t is ! k]nel2 ^! are ! accid5ts1 t is ! sub/ance2 ^! are ! bodily ve/ure1 t is ! immortal _s4 ,a man :o has n felt ?is1 has yet to le>n :at ! ,bible is4 ,9 8 text z we n[ h x1 ,j]emiah proce$s to d5\nce puni%m5t on ! prie/s & prophets1 ^: fraudul5t oracles & false int]pretations ( ! ,law m9i/]$ to _! own gre$y covet\sness1 & :o smoo!d ov] ! al>m+ /ate ( ?+s by false assurances t all 0 well 7vv4 #aj-ab74 ,! ,septuag9t1 h[ev]1 omits ! :ole passage aft] ! words1 ,!re=e ,i w give _! wives to o!rs1 _! fields to conqu]ors6 & z ^! words are obvi\sly an abridgm5t ( ! ?reat1 vi4 #ab 7cf4 ,deut4 xxviii4 #cj71 :ile ! re/ ( ! passage agrees v]batim ) vi4 #ac-ae1 x may be suppos$ t a lat] editor ins]t$ x 9 ! m>g9 "h1 z g5]ally apposite 7cf4 vi4 #aj ) v]4 #i71 :5ce x has crept into ! text4 ,x is true t ,j]emiah himself is fond ( repetition1 b n s z to int]rupt ! context1 z ! !re=e ( v]4 #aj seems to d4 ,besides1 ! wise ( v]4 #h are ! self-confid5t p2 b if ?is passage be 9 place "h1 ! wise ( v]4 #i w h to be und]/ood ( _! false guides1 ! prophets & prie/s4 ,:]eas1 if ! passage be omitt$1 !re is manife/ cont9uity betwe5 ! n9? v]se & ! ?irte5?3 ,i w sweep1 sweep !m away1 sai? ,iahvah2 no grapes on ! v9e1 & no figs on ! fig tree1 & ! foliage is )]$1 & ,i h giv5 !m de/ruction 7or bla/+74 ,! op5+ ?reat is app>5tly quot$ f ! contempor>y prophet ,zephaniah 7i4 #b1 #c74 ,! po9t ( ! re/ ( ! v]se is n q cle>1 ow+ to ! fact t ! la/ clause ( ! ,hebrew text is und\bt$ly corrupt4 ,we might suppose t ! t]m laws 77 _h fall5 out1 & r5d]1 & ,i gave !m laws :i* !y transgress 7cf4 v4 #bb1 xxxi4 #ce74 ,! ,vulgate has an almo/ lit]al translation1 :i* gives ! same s5se3 et d$i eis qu praet]gressa sunt4#cb ,! ,septuag9t omits ! clause1 probably on ! gr\nd ( its difficulty4 ,x may be t bad crops & sc>city are ?reat5$ 7cf4 *ap4 xiv41 v4 #bd1 #be74 ,9 t case1 we may correct ! text 9 ! mann] sugge/$ above or xvii4 #ah1 = 2 or ,amos iv4 #i1 = ! ( o!r ,,mss44 ,o!rs und]/& ! v]se 9 a metaphorical s5se4 ,! language seems to be col\r$ by a rem9isc5ce ( ,micah vii4 #a1 #b2 & ! grapes & figs & foliage may be ! fruits ( righte\sness1 & ! nation is l ,isaiah's unfruitful v9ey>d 7,isa4 v47 or our ,"l's b>r5 fig tree 7,matt4 xxi4 #ai71 fit only = de/ruction 7cf4 also vi4 #i & v]4 #bj74 ,ano!r passage :i* resembles ! pres5t is ,hab4 iii4 #ag3 ,= ! fig tree w n blossom1 & !re w be no yield on ! v9es2 ! produce ( ! olive w disappo9t1 & ! fields w produce no food4 ,x 0 natural t tillage %\ld be neglect$ ^u ! rum\r ( invasion4 ,! c\ntry-folk w\ld cr[d into ! /rong places1 & leave _! v9ey>ds1 or*>ds & cornfields to _! fate 7v]4 #ad74 ,?is w\ld1 ( c\rse1 lead to sc>city & want1 & aggravate ! horrors ( w> ) ^? ( de>? & fam9e4 ,i ?9k ! passage ( ,habakkuk is a precise p>allel to ! "o be=e u4 ,bo? contemplate a ,*aldean invasion1 & bo? anticipate its disa/r\s effects ^u husb&ry4 ,x is possible t ! orig9al text ran3 ,& ,i h giv5 7w give7 unto !m _! own "w 7i4e41 ! fruit ( x1 3 us$ ( field-"w1 ,ex4 i4 #ad2 ( ! e>n+s ( lab\r1 ,isa4 xxxii4 #ag74 ,?is1 :i* is a frequ5t ?\ght 9 ,j]emiah1 =ms a v suitable close to ! v]se4 ,! objection is t ! prophet does n use ?is p>ticul> t]m = "w else:]e4 ,b ! fact ( its only once occurr+ might h caus$ its corruption4 7,ano!r t]m1 :i* w\ld closely resemble ! actual read+1 & give mu* ! same s5se z ?is la/1 is _! produce4 ,?is1 too1 z a v r>e expression1 only kn[n f ,jo%4 v4 #aa1 #ab1 might h be5 misund]/ood & alt]$ by an editor or copyi/4 ,x is ak9 to ! ,aramaic 1 & !re are o!r ,aramaisms 9 our prophet47 ,"o ?+ is c]ta92 ,j]emiah _c h writt5 :at n[ appe>s 9 ! ,masoretic text4 ,x is n[ made cle> :at ! ?reat5$ evil is1 9 a f9e clos+ /rophe1 sev]al expressions ( :i* recall ! prophet's magnific5t al>m ^u ! com+ ( ! ,scy?ians 7cf4 iv4 #e ) viii4 #ad2 iv4 #ae ) viii4 #af2 iv4 #ai ) viii4 #ah74 ,"h1 h[ev]1 ! col\r+ is d>k]1 & ! prevail+ gloom ( ! picture unreliev$ by any ray ( hope4 ,! =m] piece belongs to ! reign ( ,josiah1 ?is to t ( ! wor?less ,jehoiakim4 ,9 ! int]val betwe5 ! two1 moral decl9e & social & political dis9tegration _h advanc$ ) fe>fully accel]at$ spe$1 & ,j]emiah knew t ! end c\ld n be f> (f4 ,! fatal news ( invasion has come1 & he s\nds ! al>m to 8 c\ntrym54 ,:y are we sitt+ /ill 79 sil5t /upefaction78 assemble y\rselves1 t we may g into ! def5c$ cities1 & be sil5t 7or amaz$1 /upefi$1 ) t]ror7 !re6 = ,iahvah our ,god ha? sil5c$ u 7) spee*less t]ror7 & giv5 u wat] ( gall to dr9k2 = we trespass$ t[>d ,iahvah4 ,we look$ = peace 7or1 weal1 prosp]ity71 & !re is no good2 = a "t ( heal+1 & behold panic fe>6 ,s ! prophet repres5ts ! effect ( ! evil tid+s ^u ! rural population4 ,at fir/ !y are tak5 by surprise2 !n !y r\se !mselves f _! /upor to take refuge 9 ! wall$ cities4 ,!y recognise 9 ! tr\ble a sign ( ,iahvah's ang]4 ,_! fond hopes ( return+ prosp]ity are nipp$ 9 ! bud2 ! w\nds ( ! pa/ are n to be heal$2 ! c\ntry has h>dly recov]$ f "o %ock1 be=e ano!r & m deadly bl[ falls ^u x4 ,! next v]se describes m p>ticul>ly ! nature ( ! bad news2 ! enemy1 x w\ld seem1 _h actually ent]$ ! l&1 & giv5 no unc]ta9 indication ( :at ! ,judeans might expect1 by 8 ravages on ! nor!rn fronti]4 ,f ,dan 0 he>d ! snort+ ( 8 horses2 at ! s\nd ( ! neigh+s ( 8 *>g]s all ! l& did quake3 & !y came 9 7into ! c\ntry7 & eat up ! l& & ! fulness !re(1 a city & !m t dwelt !re94 ,?is 0 :at ! invad]s did to city aft] city1 once !y _h cross$ ! bord]2 ravag+ its doma91 & sack+ ! place itself4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 x is bett] to take ! p]fects z prophetic1 & to r5d]3 ,f ,dan %all be he>d 444 %all quake3 & !y %all come & eat up ! l&1 etc4 ,?is makes ! connexion easi] ) ! next v]se1 :i* c]ta9ly has a future ref]5ce3 ,= behold ,i am ab\t to s5d 7or simply1 ,i s5d7 aga9/ y s]p5ts1 basilisks 7,isa4 xi4 #h1 ! ifoni 0 a small b v poison\s snake2 ,aquila 1 ,vulg4 regulus71 = :om !re is no *>m1 & !y w bite y6 sai? ,iahvah4 ,if ! t5ses be suppos$ to describe :at has already happ5$1 !n ! connexion ( ?\ght may be express$ ?us3 all ?is evil t y h he>d ( has happ5$1 n by m]e ill =tune1 b by ! ,div9e w3 ,iahvah ,himself has done x1 & ! evil w n /op !re1 = ,he purposes to s5d ^! de/roy+ s]p5ts into y\r v mid/ 7cf4 ,num4 xxi4 #f74 ,! eighte5? v]se beg9s 9 ! ,hebrew ) a highly anomal\s ^w1 :i* is g5]ally suppos$ to mean my s\rce ( com=t 774 ,b bo? ! /rang5ess ( ! =m itself1 :i* c h>dly be p>allel$ 9 ! language1 & ! indiff]5t s5se :i* x yields1 & ! unc]ta9ty ( ! ,hebrew ,,mss41 & ! v>iations ( ! old v]sions1 indicate t we h "h ano!r corruption ( ! text4 ,"s ,hebrew copies divide ! ^w1 & ?is is support$ by ! ,septuag9t & ! ,syro-,hexapl> v]sion1 :i* treat ! v]se z ! conclusion ( v]4 #ag1 & r5d] & !y %all bite y incurably1 ) pa9 ( y\r p]plex$ he>t 7,syro-,hex4 )\t cure74 ,b if ! fir/ "p ( ! ^w is )\t 7 = lack ( 44471 :at is ! second8 ,no su* root z ! exi/+ lett]s imply is f\nd 9 ,hebrew or ! cognate languages4 ,! ,t>gum does n help u3 ,because !y 7 sc(f+ 77 aga9/ ! prophets :o prophesi$ unto !m1 sorr[ & sigh+ w ,i br+ 77 ^u !m on acc\nt ( _! s9s3 ^u !m1 sai? ! prophet1 my he>t is fa9t4 ,x is evid5t t ?is is no bett] ?an a k9d ( punn+ ^u ! words ( ! ,masoretic text4#cc ,i incl9e to read ,h[ %all ,i *e] myself8 ,^u me is sorr[2 ^u me my he>t is sick4 7,! prophet w\ld write n = aga9/1 )\t a suffix4 ,read ,job ix4 #bg1 x4 #bj2 ,ps4 xxxix4 #ad47 ,! passage is mu* l iv4 #ai4 ,ano!r possible em5dation is3 ,iahvah cause? sorr[ to fla% =? ^u me 7 2 aft] ! ar*etype ( ,amos v4 #i72 b ,i pref] ! =m]4 ,j]emiah closes ! section ) an outp\r+ ( 8 own ov]:elm+ sorr[ at ! he>t-r5d+ spectacle ( ! national calamities4 ,no read] endu$ ) any degree ( feel+ c d\bt ! s9c]ity ( ! prophet's patriotism1 or ! will+ness ) :i* he w\ld h giv5 8 own life = ! salvation ( 8 c\ntry4 ,?is "o passage alone says en\gh to exon]ate its au?or f ! *>ge ( indiff]5ce1 mu* m ( trea*]y to 8 fa!rl&4 ,he imag9es himself to he> ! cry ( ! captive p1 :o h be5 c>ri$ away by ! victori\s invad] into a di/ant l&3 ,h>k6 ! s\nd ( ! implor+ cry ( ! daught] ( my p f a l& f> away6 ,is ,iahvah n 9 ,sion8 or is n h] ,k+ 9 h]8 7cf4 ,mic4 iv4 #i74 ,su* w be ! despair+ utt]ance ( ! exiles ( ,judah & ,j]usalem2 & ! prophet ha/5s to answ] x ) ano!r "q1 :i* acc\nts = _! ru9 by _! disloyalty to t heav5ly ,k+2 ,o :y did !y vex ,me ) _! grav5 images1 ) ali5 vanities8 ,comp>e a simil> "q & answ] 9 an e>li] disc\rse 7v4 #ai74 ,x may be d\bt$ :e!r ! pa!tic words :i* foll[--,! h>ve/ is pa/1 ! fruit-ga!r+ is f9i%$1 b z = u1 we are n deliv]$6--are to be tak5 z a fur!r compla9t ( ! captives1 or z a ref]5ce by ! prophet himself to hopes ( deliv]ance :i* _h be5 *]i%$ 9 va91 mon? aft] mon?1 until ! season ( campaigns 0 ov]4 ,9 ,pale/9e1 ! gra9 crops are h>ve/$ 9 ,april & ,may1 ! +a!r+ ( ! fruit falls 9 ,augu/4 ,dur+ all ! summ] mon?s1 ,jehoiakim1 z a vassal ( ,egypt1 may h be5 eag]ly hop+ = "s decisive int]f]5ce f t qu>t]4 ,t he 0 on fri5dly t]ms ) t p[] at ! "t appe>s f ! fact t he 0 all[$ to fet* back refugees f its t]ritory 7xxvi4 #bb sq474 ,a provision = ! extradition ( (f5d]s is f\nd 9 ! f> m anci5t treaty betwe5 ,ramses ,,ii4 & ! k+ ( ! ,syrian ,*etta 7f\rte5? c5t4 ,b4,c474 ,b p]haps ! prophet is allud+ to "o ( ^? frequ5t failures ( ! crops1 :i* inflict$ s mu* mis]y ^u 8 p 7cf4 v]s4 #ac1 iii4 #c1 v4 #bd1 #be71 & :i* 7 a natural incid5t ( times ( political unsettlem5t & dang]4 ,9 t case1 he says1 ! h>ve/ has come & gone1 & left u unhelp$ & disappo9t$4 ,i pref] ! political ref]5ce1 ?\gh our k ( ! hi/ory ( ! p]iod is s scanty1 t ! p>ticul>s _c be det]m9$4 ,x is cle> en\gh f ! lyrical utt]ance :i* foll[s 7vv4 #ba-bc71 t heavy disa/]s _h already befall5 ,judah3 ,= ! %att]+ ( ! daught] ( my p am ,i %att]$2 ,i am a m\rn]2 a/oni%m5t ha? seiz$ me6 ,?is c h>dly be pure anticipation4 ,! next two v]ses may be a fragm5t ( "o ( ! prophet's elegies 7q9o?74 ,at all ev5ts1 !y recall ! metre ( ,lam4 iv4 & v43 ,do? balm 9 ,gilead fail8 ,fails ! heal] !re8 ,:y is n b\nd up ,my p's deadly w\nd8 ,o t my head 7 spr+s1 ,m9e eye a f\nt ( te>s6 ,to weep bo? day & night ,ov] my p's sla94 ,x is n impossible t ^! two quatra9s are cit$ f ! prophet's elegy ^u ! la/ battle ( ,megiddo & ! dea? ( ,josiah4 ,simil> fragm5ts seem to occur bel[ 7ix4 #ag1 #ah1 #bj7 9 ! in/ructions to ! m\rn+-wom51 ! pr(essional s+]s ( dirges ov] ! dead4 ,! beauty ( ! entire /rophe1 z an outp\r+ ( inexpressible grief1 is too obvi\s to require mu* comm5t4 ,! /rik+ "q ,is !re no balm 9 ,gilead1 is !re no physician !re8 has pass$ into ! common dialect ( religi\s aphorism2 & ! same may be said ( ! despair+ cry1 ,! h>ve/ is pa/1 ! summ] is end$1 & we are n sav$6 ,! w\nds ( ! /ate are pa/ heal+2 b h[1 x is ask$1 c ?is be8 ,does nature yield a balm :i* is sov]eign = bodily hurts1 & is !re n[h]e a rem$y = ^? ( ! social organism8 ,surely t 7 some?+ anomal\s1 /range & unnatural 7cf4 viii4 #g74 ,is !re no balm 9 ,gilead8 ,yes1 x is f\nd n[h]e else 7cf4 ,pl941 ,hi/4 ,nat41 xii4 #be ad init4 ,s$ omnibus odoribus prf]tur balsamum1 uni t]r>um ,jud concessum74 ,!n has ,iahvah mock$ u1 by provid+ a rem$y = ! less] evil1 & leav+ u a hopeless prey to ! great]8 ,! "q goes deep d[n to ! roots ( fai?4 ,n only is !re an analogy betwe5 ! two realms ( nature & _s2 9 a s5se1 ! :ole physical _w is an adumbration ( ?+s unse51 a manife/ation ( ! spiritual4 ,is x conceivable t ord] %\ld reign ev]y:]e 9 ! l[] sph]e1 & *aos be ! normal /ate ( ! high]8 ,if our bas] wants are met by provisions adapt$ 9 ! mo/ wond]ful way to _! satisfaction1 c we suppose t ! nobl]--^? crav+s by :i* we are di/+ui%$ f irrational creatures--h n also _! satisfactions includ$ 9 ! s*eme ( ! _w8 ,to suppose x is evid5ce ei!r ( caprici\s unreason1 or ( a crim9al want ( confid5ce 9 ! ,au?or ( our be+4 ,is !re no balm 9 ,gilead8 ,is !re no heal] !re8 ,!re is a panacea = ,israel's woes--! law or tea*+ ( ,iahvah2 !re is a ,heal] 9 ,israel1 ,iahvah ,himself 7iii4 #bb1 xvii4 #ad71 :o has decl>$ ( ,himself1 ,i w\nd & ,i heal 7,deut4 xxxii4 #ci2 *ap4 xxx4 #ag1 xxxiii4 #f74 ,:y !n is no b&age appli$ to ! daught] ( my p8 ,?is is l ! cry ( ! captives1 ,is ,iahvah n 9 ,sion1 is n h] ,k+ 9 h]8 7v]4 #ai74 ,! answ] !re is1 ,yes6 x is n t ,iahvah is want+2 x is t ! national guilt is work+ out its own retribution4 ,he leaves ?is to be und]/ood "h2 hav+ fram$ 8 "q s z to compel p1 if x might be1 to ! "r inf]5ce & answ]4 ,! preci\s balsam is ! di/9ctive glory ( ! m\nta9 l& ( ,gilead1 & ! k ( ,iahvah is ! di/9ctive glory ( ,8 p ,israel4 ,w no "o1 !n1 apply ! true rem$y to ! hurt ( ! /ate8 ,no1 = prie/s & prophets & p "k n--!y h refus$ to "k ,iahvah 7v]4 #e74 ,! nation w n look to ! ,heal] & live4 ,x is _! mis=tunes t !y hate1 n _! s9s4 ,!re is no?+ left = ,j]emiah b to s+ ! fun]al song ( 8 fa!rl&4 ,:ile weep+ ov] _! inevitable doom1 ! prophet abhors ) 8 :ole s\l 8 p's wick$ness1 & longs to fly f ! dre>y sc5e ( trea*]y & deceit4 ,o t ,i _h 9 ! wild]ness a lodg+-place ( wayf>+ m5--"s lonely khan on a c>avan track1 ^: b>e1 unfurni%$ walls1 & blank almo/ oppressive /illness1 w\ld be a grateful ex*ange = ! luxury & ! noisy riot ( ,judah's capital--t ,i might leave my p & g away f among !m6 ,! same feel+ f9ds expression 9 ! sigh ( ! psalmi/1 :o is p]haps ,j]emiah himself3 ,o = ! w+s ( a dove6 7,ps4 lv4 #f sqq47 ,! same feel+ has (t5 issu$ 9 actual )drawal f ! _w4 ,& "u c]ta9 circum/ances1 9 c]ta9 /ates ( religion & society1 ! solit>y life has its peculi> advantages4 ,! life ( t[ns is d\btless busy1 practical1 int5sely real2 b its bus9ess is n always ( ! ennobl+ sort1 its practice 9 ! /ra9 & /ruggle ( selfi% competition is (t5 di/9ctly ho/ile to ! gr[? & play ( ! be/ in/9cts ( human nature2 its int5sity is (t5 ! m]e result ( conf9+ ! manifold en]gies ( ! m9d to "o n>r[ *annel1 ( conc5trat+ ! :ole complex ( human p[]s & =ces ^u ! s+le aim ( self-advancem5t & self-glorification2 & its reality is consequ5tly an illusion1 ph5om5al & transitory z ! unsub/antial prizes :i* absorb all its int]e/1 engross its entire devotion1 & exhau/ its :ole activity4 ,x is n ^u ! broad sea1 nor 9 ! lone wild]ness1 t m5 le>n to "q ! goodness1 ! ju/ice1 ! v be+ ( _! ,mak]4 ,a!ism is born 9 ! popul\s wa/es ( cities1 :]e human be+s cr[d toge!r1 n to bless b to prey ^u ea* o!r2 :]e ri* & poor dwell side by side1 b are sep>at$ by ! gulf ( cynical indiff]5ce & social disda92 :]e selfi%ness 9 its uglie/ =ms is rampant1 & is ! rule ( life ) multitudes3--! selfi%ness :i* grasps at p]sonal advantage & is deaf to ! cries ( human pa92 ! selfi%ness :i* calls all mann] ( fraud & trick]y lawful means = ! a*ievem5t ( its sordid ends2 & ! selfi%ness ( flagrant vice1 ^: activity is n only e>?ly & s5sual b also devili%1 z directly involv+ ! degradation & ru9 ( human s\ls4 ,no wond] t !y ^: eyes h be5 bl9d$ by ! god ( ?is _w1 fail to see evid5ce ( any o!r ,god2 no wond] t !y 9 ^: he>ts a co>se or a subtle self-wor%ip has dri$ ! spr+s ( pity & love c sc(f at ! v idea ( a compassionate ,god2 no wond] t a s\l1 %ak5 to its dep?s by ! contemplation ( ?is bewild]+ m$ley ( he>tlessness & mis]y1 %\ld be tempt$ to d\bt :e!r !re is inde$ a ,judge ( all ! e>?1 :o doe? "r4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re is no tru?1 no hon\r 9 _! deal+s ) "o ano!r2 falsehood is ! dom9ant note ( _! social exi/5ce3 ,!y are all adult]]s1 a ?rong ( traitors6 ,! *>ge ( adult]y is no metaphor 7*ap4 v4 #g1 #h74 ,:]e ! s5se ( religi\s sanctions is weak5$ or want+1 ! m>riage tie is no long] respect$2 & t :i* p]haps lu/ began1 is end$ by lu/1 & man & woman are fai?less to ea* o!r1 because !y are fai?less to ,god4 ,& !y b5d _! tongue1 _! b[1 falsely4#cd ,! tongue is z a b[ ( :i* words are ! arr[s4 ,evildo]s /ret* _! arr[1 ! bitt] ^w1 to %oot 9 ambu% at ! blameless man 7,ps4 lxiv4 #d2 cf4 ,ps4 xi4 #b74 ,! metaphor is common 9 ! language ( poetry2 we h an in/ance 9 ,longfell['s ,i %ot an arr[ into ! air1 & ,hom]'s famili> 1 w+$ words1 is a k9dr$ expression4 7,o!rs r5d]1 & !y b5d _! tongue z _! b[ ( falsehood1 z ?\gh ! t]m %eq]1 m5dacium1 7 an epi!t qualify+ ! t]m = b[4 ,i h tak5 x adv]bially1 a use ju/ifi$ by ,pss4 xxxviii4 #bj1 lxix4 #e1 cxix4 #gh1 #hf47 ,9 colloquial ,engli% a man :o exagg]ates a /ory is said to draw ! long b[4 ,_! tongue is a b[ ) :i* !y %oot lies at _! neighb\rs1 & x is n by tru?--fai?fulness1 hon\r1 integrity--t !y wax mighty 9 ! l&2 _! ri*es & p[] are ! fruit ( craft & fraud & ov]rea*+4 ,z 0 said 9 a =m] disc\rse1 _! h\ses are full ( deceit1 !re=e !y become great1 & amass weal? 7v4 #bg74 ,by tru?1 or m lit]ally unto tru?1 accord+ to ! rule or /&>d ( tru? 7cf4 ,isa4 xxxii4 #a1 accord+ to "r2 ,g54 i4 #aa1 accord+ to its k9d74 ,) ! idea ( ! v]b1 we may comp>e ,ps4 cxii4 #b3 ,mighty 9 ! l& %all 8 se$ become 7cf4 also ,g54 vii4 #ah1 #ai74 ,! passage *ap4 v4 #b1 #c1 is ess5tially simil> to ! pres5t1 & is ! only "o besides :]e we f9d ! t]m by tru? 7 le'emunah74 ,! idiom seems c]ta91 & ! p>allel passages1 especially v4 #bg1 appe> to e/abli% ! translation above giv52 o!rwise "o might be tempt$ to r5d]3 !y /ret* _! tongue1 _! b[1 = ly+ 71 v4 #b71 & x is n = tru? t !y are /rong 9 ! l&4 ,noblesse oblige is no maxim ( !irs2 !y use _! rank & ri*es = unwor?y ends4 ,= out ( evil unto evil !y g =?--!y g f "o wick$ness to ano!r1 add+ s9 to s94 ,app>5tly1 a milit>y metaphor4 ,:at !y h & are is evil1 & !y g =? to secure fre% conque/s ( ! same k9d4 ,nei!r good nor evil is /ation>y2 progress is ! law ( ea*--& ,me !y "k n1 sai? ,iahvah--!y "k n t ,i am tru? itself1 & !re=e irreconcilably oppos$ to all ?is fraud & falsehood4 ,bew>e ye1 e "o ( 8 companion1 & 9 no bro!r confide ye2 = e bro!r w surely play ! ,jacob1--& e companion w g ab\t sl&]+4 ,& !y deceive ea* 8 neighb\r1 & tru? !y speak n3 !y h tra9$ _! tongue to speak falsehood1 to p]v]t 7_! way1 iii4 #ba7 !y toil 7*ap4 xx4 #i2 cf4 ,g54 xix4 #aa74 ,?9e inhabit+ is 9 ! mid/ ( deceit2 ?r\gh deceit !y refuse to "k ,me1 sai? ,iahvah 7#c-e74ce ,z ,micah _h compla9$ be=e him 7,mic4 vii4 #e71 & z bitt] exp]i5ce _h taught our prophet 7xi4 #ah sqq41 xii4 #f71 nei!r fri5d nor bro!r 0 to be tru/$2 & t ?is 0 n m]ely ! melan*oly *>act]i/ic ( a deg5]ate age1 is sugge/$ by ! ref]5ce to ! unbro!rly intrigues ( ! f>-(f ance/or ( ! ,jewi% p1 9 ! traditional portrait ( :om ! be/ & ! wor/ features ( ! national "* are reflect$ ) wond]ful tru? & livel9ess4#cf ,e bro!r w n fail to play ! ,jacob 7,g54 xxv4 #bi sqq41 xxvii4 #cf2 ,hos4 xii4 #d71 to outwit1 defraud1 supplant2 cunn+ & trick]y w subs]ve acquisitiv5ess4 ,b ?\gh an inord9ate love ( acquisition may /ill seem to be specially *>act]i/ic ( ! ,jewi% race1 z 9 anci5t times x di/+ui%$ ! ,canaanite & ,semitic nations 9 g5]al1 ! t5d5cy to coz5 & ov]rea* "o's neighb\r is s f> f be+ conf9$ to x1 t "s mod]n e?ical speculators h n hesitat$ to assume ?is t5d5cy to be an orig9al & natural in/9ct ( humanity4 ,! fact1 h[ev]1 = :i* ^? :o w\ld acc\nt = human nature ^u purely natural gr\nds are b\nd to supply "s rational explanation1 is n s mu* t aspect ( x :i* has be5 well-kn[n to resemble ! in/9cts ( ! l[] animals ev] s9ce obs]vation began1 b ! aspect ( revolt & prote/ aga9/ ^? l[] impulses :i* we f9d reflect$ s p[]fully 9 ! docum5ts ( ! high] religion1 & :i* makes ?\s&s ( lives a p]petual w>f>e4 ,j]emiah pres5ts 8 picture ( ! univ]sal deceit & dissimulation ( 8 own "t z some?+ peculi>ly %ock+ & />tl+ to ! common s5se ( "r1 & unspeakably revolt+ 9 ! sight ( ,god1 ! ,judge ( all4 ,& yet ! difficulty to ! mod]n read] is to detect any ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 human nature !n & human nature n[--betwe5 ^? times & ^!4 ,x is /ill true t av>ice & lu/ de/roy natural affection2 t ! ties ( blood & fri5d%ip are no protection aga9/ a godless love ( self4 ,! "w ( sl&] & misrepres5tation is n left to av[$ enemies2 y\r own acqua9tance w gratify _! envy1 spite1 or m]e ill-w 9 ?is unwor?y way4 ,a simple *ild may tell ! tru?2 b tongues h to be tra9$ to exp]tness 9 ly+1 :e!r 9 comm]ce or 9 diplomacy1 9 politics or 9 ! newspap] press1 9 ! art ( ! salesman or 9 t ( ! agitator & ! demagogue4 ,m5 /ill make a toil ( p]v]t+ _! way1 & sp5d z mu* pa9s 9 becom+ accompli%$ villa9s z hone/ folk take to excel 9 virtue4 ,deceit is /ill ! social atmosph]e & environm5t1 & ?r\gh deceit m5 refuse to "k ,iahvah4 ,! k1 ! recognition1 ! /eady recollection ( :at ,iahvah is1 & :at ,8 law requires1 does n suit ! man ( lies2 8 objects oblige him to %ut 8 eyes to ! tru?4 ,m5 d n w & w n1 to "k ! moral imp$im5ts t lie 9 ! way ( self-seek+ & self-pleas+4 ,s9n+ is always a matt] ( *oice1 n ( nature1 nor ( circum/ances alone4 ,to desire to be deliv]$ f moral evil is1 s f>1 a desire to "k ,god4 ,?9e inhabit+ is 9 ! mid/ ( deceit3 :o t ev] lifts an eye above ! ?+s ( "t1 has n at times felt ?us8 ,?is is a ,*ri/ian c\ntry4 ,:y8 ,because ! majority are z b5t on self-pleas+1 z c>eless ( ,god1 z he>tlessly & sy/ematically =getful ( ! rights & claims ( o!rs1 z !y w\ld h be5 _h ,*ri/ nev] be5 he>d (8 ,a ,*ri/ian c\ntry8 ,:y8 ,is x because we c boa/ ( "s two hundr$ =ms or fa%ions ( suppos$ ,*ri/ian belief1 diff]5tiat$ f ea* o!r by heav5 kn[s :at obscure %ibbole?s1 :i* 9 ! lapse ( "t h become mean+less & obsolete2 :ile ! old ill-w survives1 & ! old divid+ l9es rema91 & ,*ri/ians /& ap>t f ,*ri/ians 9 a /ate ( diss5sion & disunion t does despite & di%on\r to ,*ri/1 & mu/ be v de> to ! devil8 ,"s p are bold en\gh to def5d ?is horrible condition ( ?+s by rais+ a cry ( ,free ,trade 9 ,religion4 ,b religion is n a trade1 n a ?+ to make a pr(it (1 except ) ,simon ,magus & 8 num]\s foll[]s bo? inside & outside ( ! ,*ur*4 ,a ,*ri/ian c\ntry6 ,b ! rage ( av>ice1 ! wor%ip ( ,mammon1 is n less rampant 9 ,london ?an 9 old ,j]usalem4 ,if ! m viol5t =ms ( oppression & extortion are re/ra9$ among u by ! m complete organization ( public ju/ice1 ! fact has only develop$ new & m insidi\s modes ( attack ^u ! weak & ! unw>y4 ,deceit & fraud h be5 put ^u _! mettle by ! *all5ge ( ! law1 & ?\s&s ( p are robb$ & plund]$ by devices :i* ! law c h>dly rea* or re/ra94 ,look :]e ! human spid] sits1 weav+ 8 web ( guile1 t he may cat* & dev\r m56 ,look at ! wond]ful baits :i* ! company-mong] ?r[s out day by day to human weakness & cupidity6 ,d y call him %rewd & clev] & ent]pris+8 ,x is a sorry "p to play 9 life1 t ( ,satan's decoy1 tempt+ "o's fell[-creatures to _! ru94 ,look at ! ly+ adv]tisem5ts1 :i* meet y\r eyes :]ev] y turn1 & make ! /reets ( ?is great city almo/ z hide\s f ! po9t ( view ( ta/e z f t ( morality6 ,:at a degrad+ res\rce6 ,to get on by ! indu/ri\s dissem9ation ( lies1 by false pret5ces1 :i* "o kn[s to be false6 ,& to trade ^u human mis]y--to raise hopes t c nev] be fulfill$--to add to ! pangs ( disease ! sm>t ( disappo9tm5t & ! woe ( a deep] despair1 z c\ntless quacks 9 ?is ,*ri/ian c\ntry d6 ,a ,*ri/ian c\ntry3 :]e ,god is d5i$ on ! plat=m & ?r\gh ! press2 :]e a novel is c]ta9 ( widespread popul>ity1 if its aim be to und]m9e ! f\ndations ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?2 :]e a!ism is mi/ak5 = intellig5ce1 & an inconsi/5t ,agno/icism = ! l(tie/ outcome ( logic & reason2 :]e flagrant lu/ walks ! /reets unrebuk$1 unaba%$2 :]e e o!r p]son y meet is a gambl] 9 "o =m or ano!r1 & %opm5 & lab\r]s & loaf]s & err& boys are all eag] ab\t ! result ( races1 & all agog to "k ! =eca/s ( "s wily tip/]1 "s wiseacre ( ! halfp5ny press6 ,a ,*ri/ian c\ntry3 :]e ! ri* & noble h no bett] use = pr(use weal? ?an horse-tra9+1 & no m elevat+ mode ( recreation ?an hunt+ & %oot+ d[n innum]able birds & bea/s2 :]e "s mu/ rot 9 fev]-d5s1 clo!d 9 rags1 p9+ = food1 /ifl+ = lack ( air & room2 :ile o!rs sp5d ?\s&s ( p\nds ^u a :im1 a banquet1 a p>ty1 a toy = a fair woman4 ,i am n a ,sociali/2 ,i d n d5y a man's "r to d :at he w ) 8 own1 & ,i believe t /ate int]f]5ce w\ld be 9 ! la/ degree disa/r\s to ! c\ntry4 ,b ,i affirm ! responsibility be=e ,god ( ! ri* & great2 & ,i d5y t !y :o live & sp5d = !mselves alone are wor?y ( ! "n ( ,*ri/ian4 ,a ,*ri/ian c\ntry3 :]e human be+s die1 ye> aft] ye>1 9 ! unspeakable1 unimag9able agonies ( can9e madness1 & dogs are kept by ! ?\s& 9 cr[d$ cities1 t ! sacrifice to ! fi5d ( selfi%ness & ! mock+ devil ( vanity may nev] lack its victims6 ,!re is a m ?an ,egyptian wor%ip ( ,anubis1 9 ! silly infatuation :i* lavi%es t5d]ness ^u an unclean brute1 & cr$ul\sly inve/s in/9ct ) ! highe/ attributes ( reason2 & !re is a worse ?an hea!ni% besott$ness 9 ! he>t t c pamp] a dog1 & be utt]ly indiff]5t to ! helplessness & ! suff]+s ( ! *ildr5 ( ! poor4 ,& p w g to *ur*1 & he> :at ! prea*] has to say1 & ?9k he said :at he ought to h said1 or n1 z ! case may be1 & return to _! own settl$ habits ( worldly liv+1 z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,oh yes6 x is a ,*ri/ian c\ntry--! "n ( ,*ri/ has be5 nam$ 9 x = fifte5 c5turies pa/2 & = t reason ,*ri/ w judge x4 99 99 99 99 99 ,!re=e1 ?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?3 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to melt !m & put !m to pro( 7,job xii4 #aa2 ,judg4 xvii4 #d2 *4 vi4 #be472 = h[ am ,i to deal 9 face ( ! wick$ness (1 ,,lxx3 ! t]m has fall5 out ( ! ,heb4 text3 cf4 iv4 #d1 vii4 #ab ! daught] ( ,my p8 ,?is is ! mean+ ( ! disa/]s t h fall5 & are ev5 n[ fall+ ^u ! c\ntry4 ,iahvah w melt & assay ?is r\gh1 intractable human ore1 9 ! fi]y furnace ( affliction2 ! /ra9 ( ins9c]ity t runs ?r\gh x1 ! base e>?y nature1 c only ?us be sep>at$ & purg$ away 7,isa4 xlviii4 #aj74 ,a deadly arr[ ,,lxx4 a w\nd+ "o1 i4e41 "o :i* does n miss1 b hits & kills is _! tongue2 deceit x spake3 ) 8 m\? peace ) 8 companion he speake?1 & inw>dly he laye? 8 ambu% 7,ps4 lv4 #bb74 ,! v]se aga9 specifies ! wick$ness compla9$ (1 & ju/ifies our re/oration ( t ^w 9 ! previ\s v]se4 ,p]haps1 ) ! ,pe%ito ,syriac & ! ,t>gum1 we ought r to r5d]3 a %>p arr[ is _! tongue4 ,!re is an ,arabic say+ quot$ by ,lane1 ,?\ did/ %>p5 ?y tongue aga9/ u1 :i* seems to pres5t a k9dr$ root#cg 7cf4 ,ps4 lii4 #c1 lvii4 #d2 ,prov4 xxv4 #ah74 ,! ,septuag9t may be "r1 ) its probable read+3 deceit are ! words ( 8 m\?4 ,?is c]ta9ly improves ! symmetry ( ! v]se4 ,= su* ?+s 7emphatic7 %all ,i n--or %\ld ,i n1 ) an impli$ ought--%all ,i n puni% !m1 sai? ,iahvah1 or on su* a nation %all n ,my s\l av5ge h]self8 7v4 #i1 #bi1 aft] :i* ! ,,lxx4 omits !m "h47 ,^! que/ions1 l ! previ\s "o1 ,h[ am ,i to deal--or1 h[ c\ld ,i act--9 face ( ! wick$ness ( ! daught] ( ,my p8 imply ! moral necessity ( ! ?reat5$ evils4 ,if ,iahweh be :at ,he has taught man's consci5ce t ,he is1 national s9 mu/ involve national suff]+1 & national p]si/5ce 9 s9 mu/ involve national ru94 ,!re=e ,he w melt & try ?is p1 bo? = _! puni%m5t & _! re=mation1 if x may be s4 ,= puni%m5t is prop]ly retributive1 :atev] may be alleg$ to ! contr>y4 ,consci5ce tells u t we des]ve to suff] = ill-do+1 & consci5ce is a bett] guide ?an e?ical or sociological speculators :o h lo/ fai? 9 ,god4 ,b ,god's *a/isem5ts z kn[n to our exp]i5ce1 t is to say1 9 ! pres5t life1 are re=matory z well z retributive2 !y compel u to recollect1 !y br+ u1 l ! ,prodigal1 back to ourselves1 out ( ! di/ractions ( a s9ful c>e]1 !y humble u ) ! discov]y t we h a ,ma/]1 t !re is a ,p[] above ourselves & our app>5tly unlimit$ capacity to *oose evil & to d x3 & s by ,div9e grace we may become contrite & be heal$ & re/or$4 ,! prophet ?us1 p]haps1 disc]ns a fa9t glimm] ( hope1 b 8 sky d>k5s aga9 imm$iately4 ,! l& is already to a great ext5t desolate1 ?r\gh ! ravages ( ! invad]s1 or ?r\gh sev]e dr\ghts 7cf4 iv4 #be1 viii4 #bj7871 xii4 #d74 ,^u ! m\nta9s w ,i lift up weep+ & wail+1 & ^u ! pa/ures ( ! prairie a lam5tation1 = !y h be5 burnt up 7ii4 #ae2 #b ,k+s xxii4 #ac71 s t no man passe? ov] !m1 & !y h n he>d ! cry ( ! cattle3 f ! birds ( ! air to ! bea/s1 !y are fl$1 are gone 7iv4 #be74 ,! p]fects may be prophetic & ann\nce :at is c]ta9 to happ5 h]eaft]4 ,! next v]se1 at all ev5ts1 is unambigu\s 9 ?is respect3 ,& ,i w make ,j]usalem into heaps1 a haunt ( jackals2 & ! cities ( ,judah w ,i make a desolation )\t inhabitant4 ,n only ! c\ntry di/ricts1 b ! =tifi$ t[ns1 & ,j]usalem itself1 ! he>t & c5tre ( ! nation1 w be desolat$4 ,s5na*]ib boa/s t he took =ty-six /rong cities1 & little t[ns )\t numb]1 & c>ri$ (f #bjj1aej male & female captives1 & an imm5se booty 9 cattle1 be=e proce$+ to inve/ ,j]usalem itself2 a /ate :i* %ews h[ sev]e ! suff]+s ( ,judah might be1 be=e ! enemy /ruck at its vitals4 ,9 ! words ,i w make ,j]usalem heaps1 !re is n necess>ily a *ange ( subject4 ,j]emiah 0 au?oriz$ to root up & pull d[n & de/roy 9 ! "n ( ,iahvah4 ,he n[ *all5ges ! popul> wise m5 7viii4 #h1 #i7 to acc\nt = :at1 on _! pr9ciples1 mu/ appe> an inexplicable ph5om5on4 ,:o is ! 7true7 wise man1 s t he und]/&s ?is 7,hos4 xiv4 #i71 & :o is he to :om ! m\? ( ,iahvah ha? spok51 s t he c expla9 x unto y8 ,,lxx44 ,:y is ! l& undone1 burnt up l ! prairie1 )\t a pass] by8 ,bo? to ,j]emiah & to 8 adv]s>ies ! l& 0 ,iahvah's l&2 :at befel x mu/ h happ5$ by ,8 w1 or at lea/ ) ,8 cons5t4 ,:y _h ,he suff]$ ! repeat$ ravages ( =eign invad]s to desolate ,8 own portion1 :]e1 if any:]e on e>?1 ,he mu/ display ,8 p[] & ! pro( ( ,8 deity8 ,n = lack ( sacrifices1 = ^! 7 n neglect$4 ,only "o answ] 0 possible1 to ^? :o recognis$ ! validity ( ! ,book ( ! ,law1 & ! b9d+ "* ( ! cov5ant :i* x embodi$4 ,! p & _! wise m5 _c acc\nt = ! national calamities2 ,j]emiah himself c only d s1 because he is inw>dly taught by ,iahvah himself 7v]4 #ab73 ,& ,iahvah said4 ,x may be suppos$ t v]4 #aa /ates ! popul> dilemma1 ! anxi\s "q :i* !y put to ! (ficial prophets1 ^: guidance !y accept$4 ,! prophets c\ld give no reasonable or satisfy+ answ]1 because _! tea*+ hi!rto _h be5 t ,iahvah c\ld be appeas$ ) ?\s&s ( rams1 & t5 ?\s& torr5ts ( oil 7,mic4 vi4 #g74 ,on su* conditions !y _h promis$ peace1 & _! tea*+ _h be5 falsifi$ by ev5ts4 ,!re=e ,j]emiah gives ! true answ] = ,iahvah4 ,b :y did n ! p cease to believe ^? ^: ^w 0 ?us falsifi$8 ,p]haps ! false prophets w\ld reply to objectors1 z ! refugees 9 ,egypt answ]$ ,j]emiah's repro( ( _! r5ew$ wor%ip ( ! ,que5 ( ,heav53 ,x 0 9 ! ye>s t foll[$ ! abolition ( ?is wor%ip t our national disa/]s began 7xliv4 #ah74 ,x is nev] difficult to delude ^? ^: evil & corrupt he>ts make !m desire no?+ s mu* z to be delud$4 ,& ,iahvah said3 ,because !y =sook 7lit4 ^u on acc\nt ( _! =sak+7 ,my ,law :i* ,i set be=e !m 7,deut4 iv4 #ah71 & !y he>k5$ n unto ,my voice 7,deut4 xxviii4 #ae71 & walk$ n !re9 79 ,my ,law2 ,,lxx4 omits ! clause72 & walk$ aft] ! ob/9acy ( _! own 7evil3 ,,lxx47 he>t1 & aft] ! ,baals 7,deut4 iv4 #c7 :i* _! fa!rs taught !m--in/ead ( tea*+ !m ! laws ( ,iahvah 7,deut4 xi4 #ai74 ,su* 71 & _h always be51 ! t]ms ( ! answ] ( ,iahvah's true prophets4 ,d y ask ^u :at gr\nd 7al mah7 mis=tune has ov]tak5 y8 ,^u ! gr\nd ( y\r hav+ =sak5 ,iahvah's law or in/ruction1 ,8 doctr9e conc]n+ ,himself & y\r consequ5t obligations t[>ds ,him4 ,!y _h ?is tea*+ 9 ! ,book ( ! ,law1 & _h solemnly und]tak5 to obs]ve x1 9 t great national assembly ( ! eighte5? ye> ( ,josiah4 ,& !y _h _h x f ! fir/ 9 ! liv+ utt]ances ( ! prophets4 ,?is1 !n1 is ! reason :y ! l& is wa/e & des]t$4 ,& !re=e--because pa/ & pres5t exp]i5ce is an index ( ! future1 = ,iahvah's "* & purpose are con/ant--!re=e ! desolation ( ! cities ( ,judah & ( ,j]usalem itself1 w ere long be accompli%$4 ,!re=e ?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ! ,god ( ,armies & ! ,god ( ,israel2 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to fe$ !m--or1 ,i cont9ue to fe$ !m--to wit1 ?is p 7an epexegetical gloss omitt$ by ! ,,lxx47 ) wormwood1 & ,i w give !m to dr9k wat]s ( gall 7,deut4 xxix4 #ag4 ,an ,israelite incl9+ to =eign gods is a root be>+ wormwood & gall--be>+ a bitt] h>ve/ ( defeat1 a cup ( deadly disa/] = 8 p2 cf4 ,am4 vi4 #ab71 & ,i w scatt] !m among ! nations1 :om !y & _! fa!rs knew n 7,deut4 xxviii4 #cf1 #fd74 ,! la/ phrase is rem>kable z evid5ce ( ! isolation ( ,israel1 ^: c\ntry lay (f ! beat5 track betwe5 ! ,trans-,euphratean empires & ,egypt1 :i* ran along ! sea-coa/4 ,!y knew n ,assyria1 until ,tigla? ,piles]'s int]v5tion 7circ4 #gcd71 nor ,babylon till ! times ( ! ,new ,empire4 ,9 ,hezekiah's day1 ,babylon is /ill a f> c\ntry 7#b ,k+s xx4 #ad74 ,israel 0 9 fact an agricultural p1 trad+ directly ) ,ph5icia & ,egypt1 b n ) ! l&s beyond ! ,great ,riv]4 ,! prophets height5 ! horror ( exile by ! /rang5ess ( ! l& :i!r ,israel is to be bani%$4 ,& ,i w s5d aft] !m ! sword1 until ,i h consum$ !m4 ,! survivors are to be cut (f 7cf4 viii4 #c72 !re is no res]ve1 z 9 iv4 #bg1 v4 #aj1 #ah2 a full end is ann\nc$2 :i*1 aga91 corresponds to ! aggravation ( social & private evils 9 ! "t ( ,jehoiakim1 & ! prophet's despair ( re=m4 ,! judgm5t ( ,judah is ! ru9 ( h] cities1 ! disp]sion ( h] p 9 =eign l&s1 & ext]m9ation by ! sword4 ,no?+ is left = ?is doom$ nation b to s+ its fun]al song2 to s5d = ! pr(essional wail+ wom51 t !y may come & *ant _! dirges1 n ov] ! dead b ov] ! liv+ :o are condemn$ to die3 ,?us said ,iahvah ,sabao? 7"h z 9 v]4 #f1 ,,lxx4 omits ! expressive ,sabao?71 ,m>k ye well ! pres5t crisis1 & :at x implies 7cf4 ii4 #aj2 ,,lxx4 wrongly omits ?is emphatic t]m71 & summon ! wom5 t s+ dirges1 t !y come1 & unto ! skilful wom5 s5d ye1 t !y come ,,lxx4 omits1 & ha/5 ,,lxx4 & speak & to lift up ! dea?-wail ov] u1 t our eyes may run d[n ) te>s1 & our eyelids p\r d[n wat]s4 ,! s++ wom5 ( #b ,*ron4 xxxv4 #be1 or ! m9/rels ( ,/4 ,matt4 ix4 #bc1 are int5d$4 ,! reason assign$ = ?us invit+ !m assumes t ! prophet's =eca/ is already fulfill$4 ,already1 z 9 viii4 #ai1 ,j]emiah he>s ! l\d wail+ ( ! captives z !y are driv5 away f _! ru9$ homes3 ,= ! s\nd ( ! dea?-wail is he>d f ,sion1 ,h[ are we undone6 ,we are sore a%am$--( our false confid5ce & fooli% security & deceitful hopes--=1 aft] all1 we h left ! l&1 = our dwell+s h ca/ 7u7 out6 ,! la/ two l9es appe> to be p>allels1 :i* is aga9/ ! r5d]+1 ,= m5 h ca/ d[n our dwell+s4 ,cf4 ,lev4 xviii4 #be2 *ap4 xxii4 #bh4 ,f ! wail+ wom51 ! address n[ seems to turn to ! ,judean wom5 g5]ally2 b p]haps ! =m] are /ill int5d$1 z _! peculi> call+ 0 probably h]$it>y & pass$ on f "m to daught]3 ,= he>1 ye wom51 ! ^w ( ,iahvah1 & let y\r e> take 9 ! ^w ( ,8 m\?6 & tea* ye y\r daught]s ! dea?-wail1 & ea* h] companion ! lam5tation2 = ,dea? scales our lattices1 ,ent]s our palaces1 ,to cut (f boy )\t1 ,! "y m5 f ! /reets4 ,& ! corpses ( m5 w fall--! t5se c]tifies ! future ref]5ce ( ! o!rs--l dung 7viii4 #b7 on ! face ( ! field 7#b ,k+s ix4 #cg1 ( ,jezebel's corpse7--left )\t burial rites to rot & fatt5 ! soil--& l ! corn-swa? beh9d ! reap]1 & none %all ga!r 7!m74 ,! quatra9 7v]4 #bj7 is possibly quot$ f "s famili> elegy2 & ! allusion seems to be to a my/]i\s visitation l ! plague1 :i* us$ to be kn[n 9 ,europe z ! ,black ,dea? 7cf4 xv4 #b1 xviii4 #ba1 xliii4 #aa74 ,9 ?is "t ( clos$ gates & b>r$ doors1 dea? is repres5t$ z ent]+ ! h\se1 n by ! door1 b climb+ up "s o!r way l a ?ief 7,joel ii4 #i2 ,/4 ,john x4 #a74 ,b>s & bolts w be futile aga9/ su* an invad]4 ,! figure is n cont9u$ 9 ! second half ( ! /anza4#ch ,! po9t ( ! clos+ comp>ison seems to be t :]eas ! corn-swa?s are ga!r$ up 9 %eaves & tak5 home1 ! bodies w lie :]e ! reap] ,dea? cuts !m d[n4 ,?us said ,iahvah3 ,let n a wise man glory 9 8 wisdom1 & let n ! mighty man glory 9 8 might6 ,let n a ri* man glory 9 8 ri*es1 b 9 ?is let him glory t glorie?1 9 be+ prud5t & kn[+ ,me 7,,lxx4 omits pron\n1 cf4 ,g54 i4 #d71 t ,i1 ,iahvah1 d lov+k9dness 7&3 ,,lxx4 & ,ori5tals71 ju/ice & righte\sness ^u ! e>?2 = 9 ^! ,i delight1 sai? ,iahvah4 ,x is n easy1 at fir/ sight1 to see ! connexion ( ?is1 "o ( ! f9e/ & deepe/ ( ,j]emiah's oracles1 ) ! s5t5ce ( de/ruction :i* prec$es x4 ,x is n satisfactory to reg>d x z /at+ ! only means ( escape & ! reason :y x is n us$ 7! latt] be+ set =? 9 vv4 #bd1 #be72 = ! lead+ idea ( ! :ole composition1 f vii4 #ac to ix4 #bb1 is t retribution is com+1 & no escape1 n ev5 t ( a remnant1 is contemplat$4 ,! passage looks l an app5dix to ! previ\s pieces1 su* z ! prophet might h add$ at a lat] p]iod :5 ! crisis 0 ov]1 & ! c\ntry _h begun to brea! aga91 aft] ! %ock ( invasion _h roll$ away4 ,& ?is impression is confirm$ by its cont5ts4 ,we h no details ab\t ! fir/ int]f]5ce ( ! new ,*aldean p[] 9 ,judah2 we only read t 9 ,jehoiakim's days ,nebu*adrezz> ! k+ ( ,babylon came up1 & ,jehoiakim became 8 s]vant ?ree ye>s3 !n he turn$ & rebell$ aga9/ him 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #a74 ,b be=e ?is1 = "s two or ?ree ye>s1 ,jehoiakim 0 ! vassal ( ! k+ ( ,egypt to :om he ow$ 8 cr[n1 & ,nebu*adrezz> _h to r$uce ,ne*o be=e he c\ld att5d to ,jehoiakim4 ,x may be1 !re=e1 t ! wor/ appreh5sions ( ! "t n hav+ be5 realiz$1 9 ! ye> or two ( lull :i* foll[$1 ! politicians ( ,judah began to boa/ ( _! =esight & ! caution & sagacity ( _! measures = ! public safety1 in/ead ( ascrib+ ! respite to ,god2 ! w>rior class might vaunt ! brav]y :i* x _h exhibit$ or int5d$ to exhibit 9 ! s]vice ( ! c\ntry2 & ! ri* nobles might exult 9 ! app>5t security ( _! treasures & ! new lease ( enjoym5t accord$ to !mselves4 ,to ^! v>i\s classes1 :o w\ld n be sl[ to ridicule 8 d>k =ebod+s z ^? ( a moody & unpatriotic pessimi/ 7xx4 #g1 xxvi4 #aa1 xxix4 #bf1 xxxvii4 #ac71 ,j]emiah n[ speaks1 to rem9d !m t if ! dang] is ov] = ! pres5t1 x is ! lov+k9dness & ! righte\s gov]nm5t ( ,iahvah :i* has remov$ x1 & to decl>e t x is only susp5d$ & po/pon$1 n aboli%$ = ev]3 ,behold1 days are com+1 sai? ,iahvah1 :5 ,i w visit 78 guilt7 ^u e "o t is circumcis$ 9 =esk9 7only1 & n 9 he>t also73 ^u ,egypt & ^u ,judah1 & ^u ,edom & ^u ! b5 ,ammon & ^u ,moab1 & ^u all ! tonsur$ folk t dwell 9 ! wild]ness3 ,= all ! nations are uncircumcis$1 & all ! h\se ( ,israel are uncircumcis$ 9 he>t4 ,egypt is m5tion$ fir/1 z ! lead+ nation1 to :i* at ! "t ! petty /ates ( ! we/ look$ = help 9 _! /ruggle aga9/ ,babylon 7cf4 xxvii4 #c74 ,! prophet numb]s ,judah ) ! re/1 n only z a memb] ( ! same political gr\p1 b z /&+ ^u ! same level ( unspiritual life4 ,l ,israel1 ,egypt also practis$ circumcision1 & bo? ! context "h requires & _! k9%ip ) ! ,hebrews makes x probable t ! o!r peoples m5tion$ obs]v$ ! same cu/om 7,h]od41 ii4 #cf1 #ajd71 :i* is actually portray$ 9 a wall-pa9t+ at ,k>nak4 ,! tonsur$ folk or cropt-heads ( ! wild]ness are nor? ,arabian nomads l ! ,k$>5es 7xlix4 #bh1 #cb71 & ! tribes ( ,d$an1 ,tema & ,buz 7xxv4 #bc71 ^: ance/or 0 ! circumcis$ ,i%mael 7,g54 xxv4 #ac sqq41 xvii4 #bc74 ,h]odotus records _! cu/om ( %av+ ! temples all r\nd1 & leav+ a tuft ( hair on ! top ( ! head 7,h]od41 iii4 #h71 :i* practice1 l circumcision1 _h a religi\s significance1 & 0 =bidd5 to ! ,israelites 7,lev4 xix4 #bg1 xxi4 #e74 ,n[ :y does ,j]emiah m5tion circumcision at all8 ,! case is1 ,i ?9k1 p>allel to 8 m5tion ( ano!r ext]nal di/9ction ( ! popul> religion1 ! ,ark ( ! ,cov5ant 7iii4 #ae74 ,j z 9 t place ,god promises %eph]ds accord+ to ,m9e he>t :i* %all %eph]d ! re/or$ ,israel ) k & prud5ce1 & !n directly adds t1 9 ! light & tru? ( ^? days1 ! ark w be =gott5 7iii4 #ae1 #af72 s "h1 he bids ! rul+ classes1 ! actual %eph]ds ( ! nation1 n to tru/ 9 _! own wisdom or val\r or weal? 7cf4 xvii4 #e sqq471 b 9 be+ prud5t & kn[+ ,iahvah1 & !n adds t ! outw>d sign ( circumcision1 ^u :i* ! p prid$ !mselves z ! m>k ( _! d$ication to ,iahvah1 0 9 itself ( no value1 ap>t f a circumcis$ he>t1 i4e41 a he>t purifi$ ( selfi% aims & devot$ to ! w & glory ( ,god 7iv4 #d74 ,s f> z ,iahvah is conc]n$1 all ,judah's hea!n neighb\rs are uncircumcis$1 9 spite ( _! obs]vance ( ! outw>d rite4 ,! ,jews !mselves w\ld h>dly admit ! validity ( hea!n circumcision1 because ! mann] ( x 0 diff]5t1 j z at ?is day ! ,muhammadan me?od diff]s f ! ,jewi%4 ,b ,j]emiah puts all ! h\se ( ,israel1 :o 7 circumcis$ 9 ! or?odox mann]1 on a level ) ! imp]fectly circumcis$ hea!n peoples ar\nd !m4 ,all alike are uncircumcis$ be=e ,god2 ^? :o h ! or?odox rite1 & ^? :o h b an inf]ior semblance ( x2 & all alike w 9 ! day ( judgm5t be visit$ = _! s9s 7cf4 ,amos i474 ,) ! increas+ c>elessness ( moral obligations1 an increas+ importance w\ld be atta*$ to ! obs]vance ( su* a rite z circumcision1 :i* 0 popul>ly suppos$ to devote a man to ,iahvah 9 su* s5se t ! tie 0 indissoluble4 ,j]emiah says pla9ly t ?is is a mi/ak5 view4 ,! outw>d sign mu/ h an inw>d & spiritual grace correspond+ !reto2 else ! ,judeans are no bett] ?an ^? ^: circumcision !y despise z defective4 ,8 mean+ is t ( ! ,apo/le1 ,circumcision v]ily pr(ite?1 if ?\ keep ! law2 b if ?\ be a break] ( law1 ?y circumcision ha? become uncircumcision 7,rom4 ii4 #be74 ,circumcision is no?+1 & uncircumcision is no?+1 b ! keep+ ( ! comm&m5ts ( ,god1 scil4 is ev]y?+ 7#a ,cor4 vii4 #ai74 ,x is fai? work+ by love1 x is ! new creature t is ess5tial 9 spiritual religion 7,gal4 v4 #f1 vi4 #ae74 ,hc dicit ,dom9us3 ,non glorietur sapi5s 9 sapi5tia sua4 ,glanc+ back ov] ! :ole passage1 we disc]n an inw>d relation betwe5 ^! v]ses & ! prec$+ disc\rse4 ,x is n ! outw>d props ( /ate-craft1 & /rong battalions1 & inexhau/ible weal?1 t really & p]man5tly uphold a nation2 n ^!1 b ! k ( ,iahvah1 a j insight into ! true nature ( ,god1 & a national life regulat$ 9 all its dep>tm5ts by t insight4 ,at ! outset ( ?is ?ird section ( 8 disc\rse 7ix4 #c-f71 ,j]emiah decl>$ t corrupt ,israel knew n & refus$ to "k its ,god4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! entire piece 7vii4 #c sq471 he urg$ 8 c\ntrym5 to am5d _! ways & _! do+s1 & n g on tru/+ 9 ly+ words & do+ ! opposite ( lov+k9dness & ju/ice & righte\sness1 :i* alone are pleas+ to ,iahvah 7,mic4 vi4 #h71 ,:o delighte? 9 lov+k9dness & n sacrifice1 & 9 ! k ( ,god m ?an 9 burnt-(f]+s 7,hos4 vi4 #f74 ,& j z 9 ! op5+ section ! sacrificial wor%ip 0 disp>ag$1 tak5 z an opus op]atum1 s "h at ! close circumcision is decl>$ to h no indep5d5t value z a means ( secur+ ,div9e fav\r 7ix4 #be74 ,?us ! entire disc\rse is r\nd$ (f by ! return ( ! end to ! beg9n+2 & ! ma9 ?\ght ( ! :ole1 :i* ,j]emiah has develop$ & en=c$ ) s mu* v>iety ( feel+ & oratorical & poetical ornam5t1 is ! et]nally true ?\ght t a s]vice ( ,god :i* is purely ext]nal is no s]vice at all1 & t rites )\t a lov+ ob$i5ce are an insult to ! ,maje/y ( ,heav54 x4 #ag-be4 ,! latt] "p ( *ap4 x4 resumes ! subject susp5d$ at ix4 #bb4 ,x evid5tly contemplates ! spe$y dep>ture ( ! p into bani%m5t4 ,away out ( ! l& ) ?y pack 7or ?y goods2 ,,lxx4 1 prop]ty1 ,t>g4 m]*&ise1 ! ,heb4 t]m1 :i* is relat$ to ,canaan1 occurs "h only71 ,o ?\ t sitte/ 9 di/ress6 7or abide/ 9 ! siege3 lii4 #e2 #b ,k+s xxiv4 #aj74 ,sion is address$1 & bidd5 to prep>e h] scanty bundle ( b>e necess>ies = ! m>* into exile4 ,s ,egypt is bidd5 to make = h]self vessels ( exile1 xlvi4 #ai4 ,"s ?9k t ,sion is w>n$ to )draw h] goods f ! op5 c\ntry to ! protection ( h] /rong walls1 be=e ! siege beg9s1 z 9 viii4 #ad2 b we h pass$ t /age 9 ! developm5t ( ! piece1 & ! next v]se seems to %ew ! mean+3 ,= ?us ha? ,iahvah said1 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to sl+ =? ! inhabitants ( ! l& ?is "t--z oppos$ to =m] occasions1 :5 ! enemy retir$ unsuccessful 7#b ,k+s xvi4 #e1 xix4 #cf71 or w5t (f satisfi$ ) plund] or an indemnity1 l ! ,scy?ians 7see also #b ,k+s xiv4 #ad7--;& ,i w di/ress !m t !y may f9d out ! tru?1 :i* n[ !y refuse to see4 ,! aposiopesis t !y may f9d out6 is v /rik+4 ,! ,vulgate r5d]s ! v]b 9 ! passive3 ,tribulabo eos ita ut inv5iantur4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n give s good a s5se z ! ,masoretic po9t+1 & ,ewald's ref]5ce ( ! t]m to ! goods ( ! panic-/rick5 fugitives seems flat & ta/eless 7! inhabitants ( ! l& w ?is "t 444 n be able to hide _! goods f ! enemy674 ,! be/ comm5t on ! phrase is suppli$ by a lat] oracle3 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to make !m "k ?is "t--,i w make !m "k ,my h& & ,my might2 t !y may "k t ,my "n is ,iahvah 7xvi4 #ba74 ,cf4 also xvii4 #i2 ,eccles4 viii4 #ag4 ,! la/ v]se 7#ag7 resembles a poetical quotation2 & ?is "o looks l ! explication ( x4 ,!re ! population is p]sonifi$ z a woman2 "h we h in/ead ! pla9 prose expression1 inhabitants ( ! l&4 ,! figurative1 ,i w sl+ !m =? or ca/ !m out1 expla9s ! bidd+ ( ,sion to pack up h] bundle or belong+s--!re seems to be a t\* ( contempt 9 ?is isolat$ ^w1 z mu* z to signify t ! p mu/ g =? into exile ) no m ( _! possessions ?an !y c c>ry l a begg> 9 a bundle4 ,! expression1 ,i w di/ress !m1 seems to %ew t ?\ t sitte/ 9 ! di/ress is proleptic1 or to be r5d]$ ?\ t art to sit 9 di/ress1 :i* comes to ! same ?+4 99 99 99 99 99 ,& n[ ! prophet imag9es ! di/ress & ! remorse ( ?is =lorn "m1 z x w manife/ itself :5 h] h\se is ru9$ & h] *ildr5 are gone & %e realizes ! folly ( ! pa/ 7cf4 iv4 #ca73-- ,woe's me = my w\nd6 ,fatal is my /roke6 7p]haps quot$ f a famili> elegy74 ,& yet ,i--,i ?\ght 7*ap4 xxii4 #ba2 ,ps4 xxx4 #g71 ,only ?is--no m ?an ?is--is my sickness3 ,i c be> x6 7 2 ,,lxx4 1 ,vulg4 mea74 ,! p _h nev] fully realiz$ ! ?reat5+s ( ! prophets1 until !y began to be accompli%$4 ,:5 !y he>d !m1 !y _h said1 half-incr$ul\sly1 half-mock+ly1 ,is t all8 ,_! false guides1 too1 _h treat$ app>5t dang] z a ?+ ( little mom5t1 assur+ !m t _! half re=ms1 & zeal\s outw>d wor%ip1 7 suffici5t to turn away ! ,div9e displeasure 7vi4 #ad74 ,& s !y said to !mselves1 z s9n]s are /ill 9 ! habit ( say+1 ,if ! wor/ come to ! wor/1 ,i c be> x4 ,besides1 ,god is m]ciful1 & ?+s may turn out bett] = frail humanity ?an y\r prea*]s ( wra? & woe pr$ict4 ,mean:ile--,i %all d z ,i please1 & take my *ance ( ! issue4 ,! lam5t ( ! m\rn+ "m cont9ues3 ,my t5t is laid wa/e & all my cords are brok52 ,my sons w5t =? ( me 7to battle7 & are n2 ,!re is none to spread my t5t any m1 ,& to set up my curta9s 7cf4 ,amos ix4 #aa74 ,ov]he>+1 z x 71 ?is sorr[ful lam5tation 7q9ah71 ! prophet int]poses ) ! reason ( ! calamity3 ,= ! %eph]ds became bruti% or behav$ fooli%ly1 /ulte eg]unt 7,vulg47--! lead]s ( ! nation %ew$ !mselves z ins5sate & silly z cattle--& ,iahvah !y s\ght n 7ii4 #h72 ,!re=e--z !y _h no reg>d = ,div9e c\nsel--!y dealt n wisely 7iii4 #ae1 ix4 #bc1 xx4 #aa71 & all _! flock 0 scatt]$ abroad4 ,once m1 & = ! la/ "t1 ! prophet s\nds ! al>m3 ,h>k6 a rum\r6 lo1 x come?6 & a great upro> f ! l& ( ! nor?2 to make ! cities ( ,judah a desolation1 a haunt ( jackals6 ,x is n likely t ! v]se is to be reg>d$ z spok5 by ! m\rn+ c\ntry2 %e contemplates ! evil z already done1 :]eas "h x is only imm95t 7cf4 iv4 #f1 vi4 #bb1 i4 #ae74 ,! piece concludes ) a pray] 7vv4 #bc-be71 :i* may be consid]$ ei!r z an int]cession by ! prophet on behalf ( ! nation 7cf4 xviii4 #bj71 or z a =m ( supplication :i* he sugge/s z suitable to ! exi/+ crisis4 ,i "k1 ,iahvah1 t man's way is n 8 own2 ,t x p]ta9e? n to a man to walk & direct 8 own /eps3 ,correct me1 ,iahvah1 b ) ju/ice2 ,n 9 ,?9e ang]1 le/ ,?\ make me small6 7,p>tly quot$1 ,ps4 vi4 #a1 xxxviii4 #a47 ,p\r out ,?y fury ^u ! nations t "k ,!e n1 ,& ^u tribes t h n call$ ^u ,?y "n2 ,= !y h dev\r$ ,jacob & w dev\r him1 & consum$ him1 & 8 pa/ure !y h desolat$6 7,ps4 lxxix4 #f1 #g1 quot$ f ?is place4 ,9 ,j]4 ! ,,lxx4 omits & w dev\r him2 :ile ! psalm omits bo? ( ! bracket$ expressions47 ,! ,vulgate r5d]s v]4 #bc3 ,scio1 ,dom9e1 quia non e/ hom9is via ejus2 nec viri e/ ut ambulet1 et dirigat gressus suos4 ,i ?9k ?is indicates ! correct read+ ( ! ,hebrew text 7 2 cf4 ix4 #bc1 :]e two inf9itives absolute are us$ 9 a simil> way74 ,! ,septuag9t also mu/ h _h ! same text1 = x translates1 nor w 7 c7 a man walk & direct 8 own walk+4 ,! ,masoretic punctuation is c]ta9ly incorrect2 & ! be/ t c be made ( x is ,hitzig's v]sion1 :i*1 h[ev]1 disreg>ds ! acc5ts1 al?\gh _! au?ority is ! same z t ( ! v[el po9ts3 ,i "k ,iahvah t n to man belonge? 8 way1 n to a p]i%+ 7lit4 go+1 dep>t+7 man--& to direct 8 /eps4 ,any read] ( ,hebrew may see at once t ?is is a v unusual =m ( expression4 7,= ! ?\ght1 cf4 ,prov4 xvi4 #i1 xix4 #ba2 ,ps4 xxxvii4 #bc47 ,! words express humble submission to ! imp5d+ *a/isem5t4 ,! p5it5t p does n deprecate ! p5alty ( its s9s1 b only prays t ! measure ( x may be det]m9$ by "r r ?an by wra? 7cf4 xlvi4 #bg1 #bh74 ,! v idea ( "r & ju/ice implies a limit1 :]eas wra?1 l all passions1 is )\t limit1 bl9d & insatiable4 ,9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ju/ice is oppos$1 n to m]cy1 b to high-h&$ viol5ce & oppression1 :i* recognise no law b subjective appetite & desire4 ,! j man owns ! claims ( an objective law ( "r4 ,non e/ hom9is via ejus4 ,nei!r individuals nor nations are ma/]s ( _! own =tunes 9 ?is _w4 ,man has n 8 fate 9 8 own h&s2 x is controll$ & direct$ by a high] ,p[]4 ,by s9c]e submission1 by a glad1 unsw]v+ loyalty1 :i* hon\rs himself z well z its ,object1 man may co-op]ate ) t ,p[]1 to ! fur!rance ( ends :i* are ( all possible ends ! wise/1 ! l(tie/1 ! mo/ b5eficial to 8 k9d4 ,self-w may oppose ^? ends1 x _c ?w>t !m2 at ! mo/ x c b mom5t>ily ret>d _! accompli%m5t1 & exclude itself f a %>e 9 ! univ]sal bless+4 ,israel n[ confesses1 by ! m\? ( 8 be/ & true/ repres5tative1 t he has hi!rto lov$ to *oose 8 own pa?1 & to walk 9 8 own /r5g?1 )\t ref]5ce to ! w & way ( ,god4 ,n[1 ! ov]:elm+ %ock ( irresi/ible calamity has br\ght him to 8 s5ses1 has reveal$ to him 8 p[]lessness 9 ! h&s ( ! ,unse5 ,arbit] ( ev5ts1 has made him see1 z he nev] saw1 t mortal man c det]m9e nei!r ! vicissitudes nor ! goal ( 8 j\rney4 ,n[ he sees ! folly ( ! mighty man glory+ 9 8 might1 & ! ri* man glory+ 9 8 ri*es2 n[ he sees t ! h[ & ! :i!r ( 8 e>?ly c\rse are n matt]s )9 8 own control2 t all human res\rces are no?+ aga9/ ,god1 & are only helpful :5 us$ = & ) ,god4 ,n[ he sees t ! pa? ( life is n "o :i* we ent] ^u & trav]se ( our own motion1 b a pa? along :i* we are l$2 & s1 resign+ 8 =m] pride ( indep5d5t *oice1 he humbly prays1 ,lead ,?\ me on6 ,lead me :i!r ,?\ wilt1 9 ! way ( tr\ble & disa/] & *a/isem5t = my s9s2 b rememb] my human frailty & weakness1 & let n ,?y wra? de/roy me6 ,f9ally1 ! suppliant v5tures to rem9d ,god t o!rs are guilty z well z he1 & t ! ru?less de/roy]s ( ,israel are !mselves fitt$ to be objects z well z in/rum5ts ( ,div9e ju/ice4 ,!y are su* 7i7 because !y h n kn[n nor call$ ^u ,iahvah2 & 7ii7 because !y h dev\r$ ,jacob :o 0 a ?+ consecrat$ to ,iahvah 7ii4 #c71 & !re=e are guilty ( sacrilege 7cf4 l4 #bh1 #bi74 ,x has nev] be5 our lot to see our own l& ov]run by a b>b>\s invad]1 our villages burnt1 our peasantry slaught]$1 our t[ns tak5 & sack$ ) all ! horrors p]mitt$ or enjo9$ by a non-,*ri/ian religion4 ,we read ( b h>dly realize ! atrocities ( anci5t w>f>e4 ,if we did realize !m1 we might ev5 ?9k a sa9t ju/ifi$ 9 pray+ = v5geance ^u ! m]ciless de/roy]s ( 8 c\ntry4 ,b ap>t f ?is1 ,i see a deep] mean+ 9 ?is pray]4 ,! ju/ice ( ?is t]rible visitation ^u ,judah is admitt$ by ! prophet4 ,yet 9 ,judah _m righte\s 7 involv$ 9 ! g5]al calamity4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,j]emiah knew some?+ ( ! vices ( ! ,babylonians1 aga9/ :i* 8 contempor>y ,habakkuk inveighs s bitt]ly4 ,!y knew n nor call$ ^u ,iahvah2 b a base poly!ism reflect$ & sanction$ ! corruption ( _! lives4 ,a k9d ( moral dilemma1 !re=e1 is propos$ "h4 ,if ! purpose ( ?is outp\r+ ( ,div9e wra? be to br+ ,israel to f9d out 7v]4 #ah7 & to ackn[l$ge ! tru? ( ,god & 8 own guilt9ess1 c wra? p]si/1 :5 t result is atta9$8 ,does n ju/ice dem& t ! torr5t ( de/ruction be div]t$ ^u ! pr\d oppressor8 ,s pray]1 ! =lorn hope ( poor humanity1 /rives to ov]come & compel & prevail ) ,god1 & to wre/ a bless+ ev5 f ! h& ( ,et]nal ,ju/ice4 ,,footnotes3 #cj ,! omissions ( ! ,septuag9t are n always intellig5t4 ,! repetition ( ! all "h int5sifies ! idea ( ! totality ( ! ru9 ( ! nor!rn k+dom4 ,! two clauses balance ea* o!r3 all y\r bre?r5--all ! se$ ( ,ephraim4 ,! objection t ,edom 0 also a bro!r ( ,israel 7,deut4 xxiii4 #h2 ,amos i4 #aa7 %ews a want ( rhetorical s5se4 ,9 vii4 #d ! ,septuag9t ta/elessly omits ! ?ird ,! ,temple ( ,iahvah6 ^u :i* ! rhetorical effect l>gely dep5ds3 cf4 *ap4 xxii4 #bi2 ,isa4 vi4 #c4 #ca ,,note ,,on vii4 #be4--,! ^w answ]+ to daily 9 ! ,heb4 simply means day1 & ought to be omitt$1 z an accid5tal repetition ei!r f ! previ\s l9e1 or ( ! la/ two lett]s ( ! prec$+ ^w prophets4 ,cf4 v]4 #ac1 :]e a simil> phrase1 ris+ e>ly & speak+1 occurs 9 a simil> context1 b )\t daily4 #cb ,wa'ett5 lahem c only mean & ,i gave 79 prophetic idiom '& ,i w give'7 unto !m1 & ?is1 ( c\rse1 requires an object4 ,i w give !m to ^? :o %all pass ov] !m is ! r5d]+ propos$ by sev]al s*ol>s4 ,b lahem does n mean to ^?1 & ! ?\ght does n h>monize ) :at prec$es1 & ?is use ( is d\btful1 & ! v]b to give absolutely requires an object4 ,! ,vulgate r5d]+ is really m 9 accordance ) ,hebrew syntax1 z ! masc4 suffix ( ! v]b might be us$ 9 less accurate writ+4 ,t>gum3 because ,i gave !m ,my law f ,s9ai1 & !y transgress$ aga9/ x2 ,pe%ito3 & ,i gave unto !m1 & !y transgress$ !m4 ,s also ! ,syro-,hexapl> ( ,milan 7p>ticiple3 7 transgress+7 betwe5 a/]isks4 #cc ,x seems to take ! ea* "t z & to read = 3 ?us gett+ ,sc(f]s6 ,i w br+ ^u !m sorr[2 ^u !m my he>t is fa9t4 #cd ,! irregul> ,hiphil =m ( ! v]b--cf4 #a ,sam4 xiv4 #bb2 ,job xix4 #d--may be ju/ifi$ by ,job xxviii4 #h2 we are n1 !re=e1 b\nd to r5d] ! ,masoretic text3 & !y make _! tongue b5d _! ly+ b[4 ,probably1 h[ev]1 ,qal is "r1 ! ,hiphil be+ due to a misund]/&+1 l t ( ! ,t>gum1 ,& !y taught _! tongue words ( ly+4 #ce ,ewald pref]s ! read+ ( ! ,,lxx41 :i* divides ! words diff]5tly4 ,if we suppose _! v]sion correct1 !y mu/ h read3 ,!y h tra9$ _! tongue to speak falsehood1 to di/ort4 ,!y are we>y ( return+4 ,oppression 9 oppression1 deceit 9 deceit6 ,!y refuse to "k ,me1 sai? ,iahvah4 ,b ,i d n ?9k ?is an improvem5t on ! pres5t ,masoretic text4 #cf ,if ,j]emiah wrote ,ps4 lv41 z ,hitzig supposes1 he may be allud+ to ! trea*]y ( a p>ticul> fri5d2 cf4 ,ps4 lv4 #ac1 #ad4 #cg ,%ahadhta lisnaka ala9a4 ,9 ?is case1 we %\ld foll[ ! ,heb4 m>g9 or ,q'r4 #ch ,speak ?\1 ,?us sai? ,iahweh1 is und\bt$ly a spuri\s addition1 & does n appe> 9 ! ,,lxx4 ,j]emiah nev] says ,koh ne'um ,iahvah1 & nev] uses ! imp]ative dabb]6 ,,vi4 ,,! ,,idols ,,( ,,! ,,hea!n ,,& ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,israel4 ,,j]emiah x4 #a-af4 ,?is f9e piece is altoge!r isolat$ f ! surr\nd+ context1 :i* x int]rupts 9 a v surpris+ mann]4 ,nei!r ! /yle nor ! subject1 nei!r ! idioms nor ! ?\ghts express$ 9 !m1 agree ) :at we easily recognise z ,j]emiah's "w4 ,a /rong] contra/ c h>dly be imag9$ ?an t :i* exi/s betwe5 ! lead+ motive ( ?is oracle z x /&s1 & t ( ! long disc\rse 9 :i* x is emb$d$ ) z little reg>d = cont9uity z an a]olite exhibits :5 x buries itself 9 a pla94 ,9 :at prec$es1 ! prophet's fell[-c\ntrym5 h be5 accus$ ( flagrant & defiant idolatry 7vii4 #ag sqq41 #cj sqq472 ! op5+ words ( ?is piece imply a totally diff]5t situation4 ,to ! way ( ! nations become n accu/om$1 & ( ! signs ( heav5 be n afraid2 = ! nations are afraid ( !m4#ci ,j]emiah w\ld n be likely to w>n invet]ate apo/ates n to accu/om !mselves to idolatry4 ,! words presuppose1 n a nation ^: idolatry 0 notori\s1 & _h j be5 ! subject ( unsp>+ rebuke & ?reats ( imm95t de/ruction2 !y presuppose a nation free f idolatry1 b expos$ to temptation f surr\nd+ hea!nism4 ,! entire piece conta9s no syllable ( ref]5ce to pa/ or pres5t unfai?fulness on ! "p ( ,israel4 ,"h at ! outset1 & ?r\gh\t1 ,israel is implicitly contra/$ ) ! nations 7 7 z ! s]vant ( ,iahvah ) ! fooli% wor%ipp]s ( lifeless gods4 ,!re is a tone ( contempt 9 ! use ( ! t]m goyim--,to ! way ( ! goyim accu/om n y\rselves 444 = ! goyim are afraid ( !m 7( ! signs ( heav572 or z ! ,septuag9t puts x yet m /rongly1 = !y 7! besott$ goyim7 are afraid 7i4e41 wor%ip7 be=e !m2 z ?\gh t alone--! s5se ( ,israel's sup]iority--%\ld be suffici5t to det] ,israelites f any b[+s 9 ! h\se ( ,rimmon4#dj ,nei!r ?is contemptu\s use ( ! t]m goyim1 ,g5tiles1 nor ! sca?+ ridicule ( ! false gods & _! devotees1 is 9 ! mann] ( ,j]emiah4 ,bo? are *>act]i/ic ( a lat] p]iod4 ,! bit+ scorn ( image-wor%ip1 ! int5sely vivid p]ception ( ! utt] incomm5surabl5ess ( ,iahvah1 ! ,creator ( all ?+s1 ) ! h&iwork ( ! c>p5t] & ! silv]smi?1 are well-kn[n & di/9ctive features ( ! great prophets ( ! ,exile 7see especially ,isa4 xl4-lxvi474 ,!re are pl5ty ( allusions to idolatry 9 ,j]emiah2 b !y are express$ 9 a tone ( f]vid indignation1 n ( ridicule4 ,x 0 ! initial (f5ce1 :i* issu$ 9 a hopeless degradation ( public & private morality1 & w\ld h = its c]ta9 consequ5ce ! rejection & ru9 ( ! nation 7ii4 #e-ac1 #bj-bh1 iii4 #a-i1 #bc sqq474 ,all ! disa/]s1 pa/ & pres5t1 :i* _h befall5 ! c\ntry1 7 due to x 7vii4 #i1 #ag sqq41 #cj sqq41 viii4 #b etc474 ,! p are urg$ to rep5t & return to ,iahvah ) _! :ole he>t 7iii4 #ab sqq41 iv4 #c sqq41 v4 #ba sqq41 vi4 #h71 z ! only means ( escape f deadly p]il4 ,! ,baals are ?+s t _c help or save 7ii4 #h1 #aa72 b ! prophet does n say1 z "h 7x4 #e71 ,fe> !m n2 !y _c h>m y6 ,! piece be=e u brea!s n "o ^w ab\t ,israel's apo/asy1 ! urg5t ne$ ( rep5tance1 ! imp5d+ ru94 ,tak5 z a :ole1 x nei!r h>monizes ) ,j]emiah's usual me?od ( argum5t1 nor does x suit ! juncture ( affairs impli$ by ! language :i* prec$es & foll[s 7vii4 #a-;ix4 #bf1 x4 #ag-be74 ,= let u suppose t ?is oracle occupies its prop] place "h1 & 0 actually writt5 by ,j]emiah at ! crisis :i* call$ =? ! prec$+ & foll[+ utt]ances4 ,!n ! w>n+ cry1 ,be n afraid ( ! signs ( heav56 c only mean ,be n afraid ( ! ,p[]s "u ^: auspices ! ,*aldeans are invad+ y\r c\ntry2 ,iahvah1 ! true & liv+ ,god1 w protect y6 ,b consolation ( ?is k9d w\ld be diametrically oppos$ to ! doctr9e :i* ,j]emiah %>es ) all 8 pr$ecessors2 ! doctr9e t ,iahvah ,himself is ! prime cause ( ! com+ tr\ble1 & t ! hea!n invad]s are ,8 in/rum5ts ( wra? 7v4 #i sq41 vi4 #f72 x w\ld imply ass5t to t fallaci\s confid5ce 9 ,iahvah1 :i* ! prophet has already done 8 utmo/ to dissipate 7vi4 #ad1 vii4 #d sq474 ,! details ( ! idolatry satiriz$ 9 ! piece be=e u po9t to ,*aldea r ?an to ,canaan4 ,we h "h a zeal\s wor%ip ( wood5 images ov]laid & o!rwise adorn$ ) silv] & gold1 & rob$ 9 ri* g>m5ts ( violet & purple 7cf4 ,jo%4 vii4 #ba74 ,?is does n agree ) :at we "k ( ,judean practice 9 ,j]emiah's "t1 :51 besides ! wor%ip ( ! ,que5 ( ,heav51 ! p ador$ /ocks & /ones2 probably ! wood5 symbols ( ! goddess ,a%]ah & rude sun-pill>s1 b h>dly works ( ! co/ly k9d describ$ 9 ! text1 :i* indicate a weal?y p ^: religion reflect$ an advanc$ condition ( ! arts & comm]ce4 ,! designation ( ! objects ( hea!n wor%ip z ! signs ( heav51 & ! gibe at ! cu/om ( c>ry+ ! idol-/atues 9 procession 7,isa4 xlvi4 #a1 #g71 also po9t u to ,babylon1 ! l& ( grav5 images 7l4 #ch71 & ! home ( />-wor%ip & a/rological sup]/ition 7,isa4 xlvii4 #ac74 ,f all ^! consid]ations1 x w\ld appe> t n ,israel 9 ,canaan b ,israel 9 ,*aldea is address$ 9 ?is piece by "s unkn[n prophet1 ^: leaflet has be5 ins]t$ among ! works ( ,j]emiah4 ,9 t case1 ! mu* disput$ elev5? v]se1 writt5 9 ,aramaic1 & z su* unique 9 ! volume ( ! prophets prop]1 may really h belong$ to ! orig9al piece4 ,aramaic 0 ! common language ( int]c\rse betwe5 ,ea/ & ,we/ bo? be=e & dur+ ! captivity 7cf4 #b ,k+s xviii4 #bf72 & ! sugge/ion t ! tempt$ exiles %\ld answ] 9 ?is dialect ! hea!n :o press$ !m to jo9 9 _! wor%ip1 seems suitable en\gh4 ,! v]se becomes v suspici\s1 if we suppose t ! :ole piece is really "p & p>cel ( ,j]emiah's disc\rse1 & z su* address$ to ! ,judeans 9 ! reign ( ,jehoiakim4 ,ewald1 :o ma9ta9s ?is view ^u gr\nds t _c be call$ conv9c+1 ?9ks ! ,aramaic v]se 0 orig9ally a m>g9al annotation on v]se #ae1 & sugge/s t x is a quotation f "s e>ly book simil> to ! book ( ,daniel4 ,at all ev5ts1 x is improbable t ! v]se proce$$ f ! p5 ( ,j]emiah1 :o writes ,aramaic n[h]e else1 n ev5 9 ! lett] to ! exiles ( ! fir/ ,judean captivity 7*ap4 xxix474 ,b might n ! piece be an address :i* ,j]emiah s5t to ! exiles ( ! ,t5 ,tribes1 :o 7 settl$ 9 ,assyria1 & ) :om x is o!rwise probable t he cultivat$ "s int]c\rse8 ,! expression ,h\se ( ,israel 7v]4 #a7 has be5 suppos$ to indicate ?is4 ,t expression1 h[ev]1 occurs 9 ! imm$iately prec$+ context 7ix4 #bf71 z does also t ( ! nations2 facts :i* may p>tially expla9 :y ! passage we are discuss+ occupies its pres5t position4 ,! unkn[n au?or ( ! ,apocryphal ,lett] ( ,j]emiah & ! ,*aldee ,t>gumi/ appe> to h held ! op9ion t ,j]emiah wrote ! piece = ! b5efit ( ! exiles c>ri$ away ) ,jehoia*9 9 ! fir/ ,judean captivity4 ,! ,t>gum introduces ! elev5? v]se ?us3 ,?is is a copy ( ! lett] :i* ,j]emiah ! prophet s5t to ! remnant ( ! eld]s ( ! captivity :i* 0 9 ,babylon4 ,& if ! peoples among :om ye are %all say unto y1 ,fe> ! ,errors1 ,o h\se ( ,israel6 ?us %all ye answ] & ?us %all ye say unto !m3 ,! ,errors :om ye fe> are 7b7 errors1 9 :i* !re is no pr(it3 !y f ! heav5s are n able to br+ d[n ra91 & f ! e>? !y _c make fruits to spr+3 !y & ^? :o fe> !m w p]i% f ! e>?1 & w be br\ght to an end f "u ^! heav5s4 ,& ?us %all ye say unto !m3 ,we fe> ,him t make? ! e>? by ,8 p[]1 etc4 7v]4 #ab74 ,! phrase ! remnant ( ! eld]s ( ! captivity :i* 0 7or :o 77 9 ,babylon is d]iv$ f ,j]4 xxix4 #a4 ,b h[ utt]ly diff]5t are ! tone & sub/ance ( t message f ^? ( ! "o be=e u6 ,f> f w>n+ 8 captive c\ntrym5 aga9/ ! /ate-wor%ip ( ,babylon1 f> f satiriz+ its absurdity1 ,j]emiah bids ! exiles be cont5t$ 9 _! new home1 & to pray = ! peace ( ! city4 ,! false prophets :o appe> at ,babylon prophesy 9 ,iahvah's "n 7vv4 #ae1 #ba71 & 9 d5\nc+ !m ,j]emiah says n a ^w ab\t idolatry4 ,x is evid5t f ! :ole context t he did n fe> x 9 ! case ( ! exiles ( ,jehoia*9's captivity4 7,see also ! simile ( ! ,good & ,bad ,figs1 *ap4 xxiv41 :i* fur!r illu/rates ! prophet's e/imation ( ! e>li] body ( exiles47 ,! ,greek ,epi/le ( ,j]emiah1 :i* 9 ,,mss4 is sometimes app5d$ to ,b>u*1 & :i* ,fritzs*e ref]s to ! ,maccabean times1 appe> to be p>tially bas$ ^u ! passage we are consid]+4 ,its head+ is3 ,copy ( a lett] :i* ,j]emiah s5t unto ^? :o 7 ab\t to be c>ri$ away captives to ,babylon1 by ! k+ ( ! ,babylonians2 to ann\nce to !m z 0 enjo9$ him by ,god4 ,x !n beg9s ?us3 ,on acc\nt ( y\r s9s :i* ye h s9n$ be=e ,god ye w be c>ri$ away to ,babylon z captives by ,nabu*odonosor k+ ( ! ,babylonians4 ,hav+ come1 !n1 into ,babylon1 ye w be !re _m ye>s1 & a long "t1 until sev5 g5]ations2 b aft] ?is ,i w br+ y =? f !nce 9 peace4 ,b n[ ye w see 9 ,babylon gods1 silv]n & gold5 & wood51 borne ^u %\ld]s1 %ew+ fe> 7an object ( fe>7 to ! nations4 ,bew>e !n1 le/ ye also become l unto ! nations1 & fe> take y at !m1 :5 ye see a multitude be=e & beh9d !m wor%ipp+ !m4 ,b say ye 9 ! m9d3 ,!e x behove? u to wor%ip1 ,o ,"l6 ,= ,m9e angel is ) y1 & ,he is requir+ y\r lives4 ,! :ole epi/le is well wor? read+ z a k9d ( p>aphrase ( our passage4 ,= _! tongue is c>v5 7or poli%$7 by a c>p5t]1 & !mselves are ov]laid ) gold & silv]1 b lies !y are & !y _c speak4 ,!y be+ ca/ ab\t ) purple app>el h _! face wip$ on acc\nt ( ! du/ f ! h\se1 :i* is pl5tiful ^u !m 7#ac74 ,b he holds a dagg] ) "r h& & an axe1 b himself f w> & robb]s he w n 7 _c7 deliv] 7#ae71 cf4 ,j]4 x4 #ae4 ,he is l "o ( ! h\se-beams 7#bj1 cf4 ,j]4 x4 #h1 & p]haps #e74 ,^u _! body & ^u _! head alight bats1 swall[s1 & ! birds1 likewise also ! cats2 :5ce ye w "k t !y are n gods2 !re=e fe> !m n 7cf4 ,j]4 x4 #e74 ,at all co/ are !y pur*as$1 9 :i* !re is no _s 7#be2 cf4 ,j]4 x4 #i1 #ad74 ,footless1 ^u %\ld]s !y are c>ri$1 display+ _! own di%on\r to m5 7#bf74 ,nei!r if !y suff] evil f any "o1 nor if good1 w !y be able to recomp5se 7#cd2 cf4 v]4 #e74 ,b !y t s]ve !m w be a%am$ 7#ci2 cf4 v]4 #ad74 ,by c>p5t]s & goldsmi?s are !y prep>$2 !y become no?+ b :at ! craftsm5 wi% !m to become4 ,& ! v m5 t prep>e !m _c la/ long2 h[ !n are ! ?+s prep>$ by !m likely to d s8 = !y left lies & a reproa* to !m t come aft]4 ,= :5ev] w> & evils come ^u !m1 ! prie/s consult toge!r :]e to hide ) !m4 ,h[ !n is x possible n to p]ceive t !y are n gods1 :o nei!r save !mselves f w> nor f evils8 ,= be+ ( wood & ov]laid ) gold & silv] !y w be kn[n h]eaft]1 t !y are lies4 ,to all ! nations & to ! k+s x w be manife/ t !y are n gods b works ( m5's h&s1 & no "w ( ,god is 9 !m 7#de-ea2 cf4 ,j]4 x4 #ad-ae74 ,a wood5 pill> 9 a palace is m useful ?an ! false gods 7#ei74 ,signs among nations !y w n %ew 9 heav51 nor yet w !y %9e l ! sun1 nor give light z ! moon 7#fg74 ,= z a sc>ecr[ 9 a cucumb]-b$ gu>d+ no?+1 s _! gods are wood5 & ov]laid ) gold & ) silv] 7#gj2 cf4 ,j]4 x4 #e74 ,! m5tion ( ! sun1 moon & />s1 ! lightn+1 ! w9d1 ! cl\ds1 & fire s5t =? f above1 z totally unlike ! idols 9 =ms & p[]s1 seems to %ew t ! au?or _h v]ses #ab1 #ac be=e him4 ,:5 we turn to ! ,septuag9t1 we are imm$iately /ruck by its rem>kable omissions4 ,! f\r v]ses #f-h & #aj d n appe> at all 9 ?is olde/ ( ! v]sions2 :ile ! n9? is ins]t$ betwe5 ! fir/ clause & ! rema9d] ( ! fif? v]se4 ,n[1 on ! "o h&1 x is j ! v]ses :i* ! ,,lxx4 translates1 :i* bo? 9 /yle & matt] contra/ s /rongly ) ,j]emiah's au!ntic "w1 & are pla9ly incongru\s ) ! context & occasion2 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ! omitt$ v]ses conta9 no?+ :i* po9ts positively to ano!r au?or ?an ,j]emiah1 &1 tak5 by !mselves1 h>monise v well ) :at may be suppos$ to h be5 ! prophet's feel+ at ! actual juncture ( affairs4 ,!re is none at all l ,!e1 ,o ,iahvah6 ,great art ,?\1 & great is ,?y ,"n 9 might6 ,:o %\ld n fe> ,!e1 ,o ,k+ ( ! nations8 = 'tis ,?y due ,= among all ! wise ( ! nations & 9 all _! k+dom !re is none at all l ,!e4 ,& 9 "o ?+ !y are brute-l & dull2 ,9 ! doctr9e ( ,vanities1 :i* are wood6 ,b ,iahvah ,elohim is tru?2 ,he is a liv+ ,god1 & an et]nal ,k+3 ,at ,8 wra? ! e>? quake?1 ,& nations abide n ,8 indignation4 ,z ,hitzig has obs]v$1 x is natural t n[1 z ! t]rible decision approa*es1 ! prophet %\ld seek & f9d com=t 9 ! ?\ght ( ! all-ov]%ad[+ greatness ( ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we suppose ^! v]ses to be ,j]emiah's1 we c h>dly ext5d ! same assumption to v]ses #ab-af1 9 spite ( "o or two expressions ( 8 :i* occur 9 !m2 &1 ^u ! :ole1 ! l+ui/ic argum5t seems to weigh decisively aga9/ ,j]emiah's au?or%ip ( ?is piece 7see ,naegelsba*74 ,x may be true en\gh t ! basis & possibility ( ! true prosp]ity & ! hope ( ! g5u9e community are unfold$ 9 ^! /rophes 7,ewald72 b t does n prove t !y belong to ,j]emiah4 ,nor c ,i see mu* =ce 9 ! rem>k t didactic language is ( ano!r k9d ?an t ( pure prophecy4 ,b :5 ! same critic affirms t ! description ( ! folly ( idolatry 444 is also q new1 & cle>ly s]ves z a model = ! mu* m elaborate ones1 ,isa4 xl4 #ai-bd 7#bj71 xli4 #g1 xliv4 #h-bj1 xlvi4 #e-g2 he is really giv+ up ! po9t 9 dispute4 ,v]ses #ab-af are repeat$ 9 ! prophecy aga9/ ,babylon 7li4 #ae-ai72 b ?is h>dly proves t ! lat] prophet1 *ap4 l4-li41 f\nd all ^! words 9 our piece2 x is only evid5ce1 s f> z x goes1 = ^? v]ses !mselves4 ,! int]nal connexion :i* ,ewald assumes1 is n self-evid5t4 ,!re is no pro( t ! ?\ght t ! gods ( ! hea!n might aga9 rule occurr$ = "o mom5t to ,j]emiah on ?is occasion2 nor ! ?\ght t ! ma9t5ance ( ! anci5t true religion 9 conflict ) ! hea!n mu/ produce ! reg5]ation ( ,israel4 ,!re is no ref]5ce ?r\gh\t ! disput$ passage to ! spiritual condition ( ! p1 :i* is1 9 fact1 presuppos$ to be good2 & ! return 9 v]ses #ag-be to ! ma9 subject ( ! disc\rse is inexplicable on ,ewald's !ory t ! :ole *apt]1 omitt+ v]se #aa1 is "o homog5e\s /ructure4 ,he> ye ! ^w t ,iahvah spake ^u y1 ,o h\se ( ,israel6 ,?us said ,iahvah4 ,! t]ms imply a p>ticul> crisis 9 ! hi/ory ( ,israel1 :5 a ,div9e pron\ncem5t 0 necess>y to ! guidance ( ! p4 ,iahvah speaks inde$ 9 all exi/5ce & 9 all ev5ts1 b ,8 voice becomes audible1 is recognis$ z ,81 only :5 human ne$ ass]ts itself 9 "s p>ticul> juncture ( affairs4 ,!n1 9 view ( ! actual em]g5cy1 ! m9d ( ,iahweh decl>es itself by ! m\? ( ,8 prop] spokesm52 & ! prophetic ,?us said ,iahvah contra/s ! high] po9t ( view ) ! l[]1 ! heav5ly & spiritual ) ! e>?ly & ! c>nal2 x sets =? ! aspect ( ?+s z !y appe> to ,god1 9 ! %>pe/ anti!sis to ! aspect ( ?+s z !y appe> to ! natural unillum9at$ man4 ,?us said ,iahvah3 ,?is is ! ?\ght ( ! ,et]nal1 ?is is ,8 judgm5t ^u pres5t conditions & pass+ ev5ts1 :atev] y\r ?\ght & y\r judgm5t may happ5 or incl9e to be6 ,su*1 ,i ?9k1 is ! ess5tial import ( ?is vox sol5nis1 ?is cu/om>y =mula ( ! dialect ( prophecy4 ,on ! pres5t occasion1 ! crisis 9 view ( :i* a prophet decl>es ! m9d ( ,iahvah is n a political em]g5cy b a religi\s temptation4 ,! day = ! =m] has long s9ce pass$ away1 & ! depress$ & scatt]$ communities ( exil$ ,israelites are expos$ among o!r trials to ! con/ant temptation to sacrifice to pres5t exp$i5cy ! only treasure :i* !y h sav$ f ! wreck ( _! c\ntry1 ! fai? ( _! fa!rs1 ! religion ( ! prophets4 ,! uncompromis+ tone ( ?is isolat$ oracle1 ! abruptness ) :i* ! writ] at once ent]s 9 m$ias res1 ! solemn emphasis ( 8 op5+ imp]atives1 proves t ?is dang] press$ at ! "t ) peculi> int5sity4 ,?us said ,iahvah3 ,unto ! way ( ! nations use n y\rselves1 ,& ( ! signs ( heav5 /& n 9 awe1 = t ! nations /& 9 awe ( !m6 7cf4 ,lev4 xviii4 #c2 ,ezek4 xx4 #ah74 ,! way ( ! nations is _! religion1 ! mode & mann] ( _! wor%ip 7v4 #d1 #e72 & ! exiles are w>n$ n to suff] !mselves to be l$ a/ray by example1 z !y _h be5 9 ! l& ( ,canaan2 !y are n to adore ! signs ( heav51 simply because !y see _! conqu]ors ador+ !m4 ,! signs ( heav5 w\ld seem to be ! sun1 moon & />s1 :i* 7 ! objects ( ,babylonian wor%ip2 al?\gh ! passage is unhappily n free f ambiguity4 ,"s expositors h pref]r$ to ?9k ( cele/ial ph5om5a su* z eclipses & p>ticul> conjunctions ( ! heav5ly bodies1 :i* 9 ^? days 7 look$ ^u z port5ts1 =e%ad[+ ! c\rse ( national & individual =tunes4 ,t !re is really a ref]5ce to ! a/rological obs]vation ( ! />s1 is a view :i* f9ds consid]able support 9 ! words address$ to ,babylon on ! eve ( h] fall1 by a prophet1 :o1 if n id5tical 0 at lea/ contempor>y ) him ^: message we are discuss+4 ,9 ! =ty-sev5? *apt] ( ! book ( ,isaiah1 x is said to ,babylon3 ,let n[ !m t p>cel out ! heav5s1 t gaze at ! />s1 arise & save !e1 progno/icat+ mon? by mon? ! ?+s t w come ^u !e 7,isa4 xlvii4 #ac74 ,! signs ( heav5 are1 9 ?is case1 ! suppos$ indications ( com+ ev5ts furni%$ by ! v>y+ appe>ances ( ! heav5ly bodies2 & "o might ev5 suppose t ! imm$iate occasion ( our prophecy 0 "s eclipse ( ! sun or moon1 or "s rem>kable conjunction ( ! planets :i* at ! "t 0 excit+ g5]al anxiety among ! motley populations ( ,babylonia4 ,! prophecy !n becomes a rem>kable in/ance ( ! mann] 9 :i* an elevat$ spiritual fai?1 free f all ! contam9at+ & bl9d+ influ5ces ( selfi% motives & desires1 may rise sup]ior to univ]sal sup]/ition1 & boldly contradict ! sugge/ions ( :at is acc\nt$ ! highe/ wisdom ( ! "t1 anticipat+ ! results ?\gh n ! me?ods nor ! evid5ce ( sci5ce1 at an epo* :5 sci5ce is z yet 9 ! my?ological /age4 ,& ! prophet might well exclaim 9 a tone ( triumph1 ,among all ! wise ( ! nations none at all is l unto !e1 ,o ,"l1 z a s\rce ( true wisdom & und]/&+ = ! guidance ( life 7v]4 #g74 ,! inclusion ( eclipses & comets among ! signs ( heav5 "h spok5 ( has be5 ?\ght to be b>r$ by ! consid]ations t ^! are sometimes alleg$ by ! prophets !mselves z signs ( com+ judgm5t exhibit$ by ! ,god ( ,israel2 t1 z a matt] ( fact1 !y 7 z my/]i\s & awful to ! ,jews z to _! hea!n neighb\rs2 & t :at is "h contemplat$ is n ! t]ror inspir$ by r>e occasional ph5om5a ( ?is k9d1 b an habitual sup]/ition 9 relation to "s ev]-pres5t causes4 ,x is c]ta9 t 9 ano!r prophecy aga9/ ,babylon1 pres]v$ 9 ! book ( ,isaiah1 x is decl>$ t1 z a tok5 ( ! imp5d+ de/ruction1 ! />s ( heav5 & ! ,orions !re( %all n give _! light3 ! sun %all be d>k5$ 9 8 go+ =?1 & ! moon %all n cause 8 light to %9e 7,isa4 xiii4 #aj72 & ! simil> language ( ! prophet ,joel is well kn[n 7,joel ii4 #b1 #aj1 #cj1 #ca1 iii4 #ae74 ,b ^! objections are n conclusive1 = :at our au?or is d5\nc+ is ! hea!n association ( ! signs ( ! heav5s1 :atev] may be int5d$ by t expression1 ) a false sy/em ( religi\s belief4 ,x is a special k9d ( idolatry t he contemplates1 z is cle> f ! imm$iate context4 ,n only does ! p>allel clause ,unto ! way ( ! nations use n y\rselves imply a gradual con=mity to a hea!n religion2 n only is x ! fact t ! ,hebrew phrase r5d]$ 9 our v]sions ,be n dismay$6 may imply religi\s awe or wor%ip 7,mal4 ii4 #e71 z inde$ t]ms d5ot+ fe> or dread are us$ by ! ,semitic languages 9 g5]al2 b ! prophet at once proce$s to an exposure ( ! absurdity ( image-wor%ip3 ,= ! ord9ances 7e/abli%$ modes ( wor%ip2 #b ,k+s xvii4 #h2 "h1 e/abli%$ objects ( wor%ip7 ( ! peoples are a m]e brea? 7i4e41 n\ght76 = x 7! idol7 is a tree1 :i* out ( ! =e/ "o fell$ 7s ! acc5ts72 ! h&iwork ( ! c>p5t] ) ! bill4 ,) silv] & ) gold "o adorne? x 7or1 make? x bright72 ) nails & ) hamm]s !y make !m fa/1 t "o sway n 7or1 t !re be no %ak+74 ,l ! sc>ecr[ ( a g>d5 ( g\rds are !y1 & !y _c speak2 !y are c>ri$ & c>ri$1 = !y _c take a /ep 7or1 m>*73 be n afraid ( !m1 = !y _c hurt1 nei!r is x 9 _! p[] to b5efit6 ,be n afraid ( !m6 returns to ! op5+ *>ge3 ,( ! signs ( heav5 /& n 9 awe6 7cf4 ,g54 xxxi4 #db1 #ec2 ,isa4 viii4 #ab1 #ac74 ,cle>ly1 !n1 ! signa cli are ! idols aga9/ ^: wor%ip ! prophet w>ns 8 p2 & !y d5ote ! sun1 ! moon1 ! con/ellations 7( ! ,zodiac71 & all ! ho/ ( heav5 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #e74 ,we "k t ! k+s ( ,judah1 f ,ahaz onw>ds1 d]iv$ ?is wor%ip f ,assyria1 & t its orig9al home 0 ,babylon1 :]e 9 e temple ! exiles w\ld see images ( ! deities presid+ ov] ! heav5ly bodies1 su* z ,samas 7! sun7 & 8 consort ,aa 7! moon7 at ,sipp>a1 ,m]oda* 7,jupit]7 & 8 son ,nebo 7,m]curius7 at ,babylon & ,borsippa1 ,n]gal 7,m>s7 at ,cu?a1 daily s]v$ ) a spl5did & attractive ritual1 & hon\r$ ) fe/ivals & processions on ! mo/ co/ly & magnific5t scale4 ,! prophet looks ?r\gh all ?is outw>d display to ! void )91 he draws no subtle di/9ction betwe5 ! symbol & ! ?+ symboliz$2 he accepts ! popul> confusion ( ! god ) 8 image1 & id5tifies all ! deities ( ! hea!n ) ! mat]ials out ( :i* _! /atues are made by ! h&s ( m54 ,& he is ju/ifi$ 9 do+ ?is1 because !re c be b "o god 9 8 s5se ( ! ^w2 a multitude ( gods is a contradiction 9 t]ms4 ,f ?is po9t ( view1 he exposes ! absurdity ( ! spl5did idolatry :i* 8 captive c\ntrym5 see all ar\nd !m4 ,behold t ?+1 he cries1 :i* !y call a god1 & be=e :i* !y tremble ) religi\s fe>6 ,x is no?+ b a tree trunk hewn 9 ! =e/1 & trimm$ into %ape by ! c>p5t]1 & plat$ ) silv] & gold1 & fix$ on its p$e/al ) hamm] & nails1 = fe> x %\ld fall6 ,its t]rors are empty t]rors1 l ^? ( ! palm-trunk1 r\gh-hewn into human %ape1 & set up among ! melons to fright5 ! birds away4 ,olim truncus eram ficulnus1 inutile lignum1 ,cum fab]1 inc]tus scamnum fac]etne ,priapum1 ,maluit esse deum4 ,deus inde ego1 furum ariumque ,maxima =mido4 7,hor41 ,sat4 i4 #h1 #a1 sqq47 ,?\gh ! idol has ! outw>d semblance ( a man1 x lacks 8 di/+ui%+ faculty ( spee*2 x is z dumb z ! sc>ecr[1 & z p[]less to move f its place2 s x has to be borne ab\t on m5's %\ld]s 7a mock+ allusion to ! gr& processions ( ! gods1 :i* di/+ui%$ ! ,babylonian fe/ivals74 ,w y !n be afraid ( ?+s t c d nei!r good nor h>m8 asks ! prophet2 9 t]ms t recall ! *all5ge ( ano!r1 or p]*ance ( himself1 to ! idols ( ,babylon3 ,d good or d evil1 t we may look at ea* o!r & see x toge!r 7,isa4 xli4 #bc74 ,9 utt] contra/ ) ! impot5ce1 ! no?+ness ( all ! gods ( ! nations1 :e!r ,israel's neighb\rs or 8 invad]s1 /&s = ev] ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,!re is none at all l ,!e1 ,o ,iahweh6 great art ,?\1 & great is ,?y ,"n 9 might6 ,) diff]5t v[el po9ts1 we might r5d]1 ,:5ce 7come?7 ,?y l1 ,o ,iahvah8 ,?is has be5 support$ by ref]5ce to *ap4 xxx4 #g3 ,alas6 = great is t day4 ,:5ce 7is "o7 l x8 7meay9872 b !re too1 z "h1 we may equally well translate1 !re is none l x4 ,! int]rogative1 9 fact1 presupposes a negative answ]2 & ! ,hebrew p>ticle usually r5d]$ !re is n1 are n 7ay91 n7 has be5 expla9$ z orig9ally id5tical ) ! int]rogative :]e8 7ay91 impli$ 9 meay91 f :]e8 :5ce8 cf4 ,job4 xiv4 #aj3 :]e is he8 he is n74 ,! idiom ( ! text expresses a m emphatic negation ?an ! ord9>y =m w\ld d2 & ?\gh r>e1 is by no means altoge!r unp>allel$ 7see ,isa4 xl4 #ag1 xli4 #bd2 & o!r ref]5ces 9 ,ges5ius74 ,great art ,?\ & great is ,?y ,"n 9 might2 t is to say1 ,?\ art great 9 ,?yself1 & great 9 repute or manife/ation among m51 9 respect ( might1 virile /r5g? or pr[ess 7,ps4 xxi4 #ad74 ,unlike ! d-no?+ idols1 ,iahvah reveals ,8 /r5g? 9 de$s ( /r5g? 7cf4 ,exod4 xv4 #c sqq474 ,:o %\ld n fe> ,!e1 ,?\ ,k+ ( ! nations8 7cf4 v4 #bb7 = ,!e x beseeme? 7 x is ,?y due1 & ,?9e only73 = among all ! wise ( ! nations & 9 all _! realm1 !re is none at all 7z 9 v]4 #f7 l ,!e4 ,religi\s fe> is in/9ctive 9 man2 b1 :]eas ! v>i\s nations lavi% rev]5ce ^u innum]able objects utt]ly unwor?y ( ! "n ( deity1 rational religion sees cle>ly t !re c be b ,"o ,god1 work+ ,8 supreme w 9 heav5 & e>?2 & t ?is ,almighty be+ is ! true ,k+ ( ! nations1 & disposes _! de/9ies z well z t ( ,8 p ,israel1 al?\gh !y "k ,him n1 b call o!r imag9>y be+s _! k+s 7a common ,semitic designation ( a national god3 ,ps4 xx4 #i2 ,isa4 vi4 #e1 viii4 #ba74 ,he1 !n1 is ! prop] object ( ! in/9ct ( religi\s awe2 all ! peoples ( ! e>? owe ,him adoration1 ev5 ?\gh !y be ignorant ( _! obligation2 wor%ip is ,8 un%>$ pr]ogative4 ,among all ! wise ( ! nations & 9 all _! realm1 n "o is l ,!e6 ,:o are ! wise ?us contra/$ ) ! ,supreme ,god8 ,are ! false gods ! reput$ wise ones1 giv+ pret5d$ c\nsel to _! delud$ wor%ipp]s ?r\gh ! prie/ly oracle8 ,! t]m k+dom seems to indicate ?is view1 if we take _! k+dom to mean ! k+dom ( ! wise ones ( ! nations1 t is1 ! c\ntries ^: k+s !y are1 :]e !y are wor%ipp$ z su*4 ,! hea!n 9 g5]al1 & ! ,babylonians 9 p>ticul>1 ascrib$ wisdom to _! gods4 ,b !re is no impropriety f an ,old ,te/am5t po9t ( view 9 comp>+ ,iahvah's wisdom ) ! wisdom ( man4 ,! mean+ ( ! prophet may be simply ?is1 t no e>?ly wisdom1 craft or political sagacity1 n ev5 9 ! mo/ p[]ful empires su* z ,babylon1 c be a mat* = ,iahvah ! ,all-wise1 or avail to ?w>t ,8 purposes 7,isa4 xxxi4 #a1 #b74 ,wise & sagaci\s are titles :i* ! k+s ( ,babylon cont9ually ass]t = !mselves 9 _! extant inscriptions2 & ! wisdom & le>n+ ( ! ,*aldeans 0 fam\s 9 ! anci5t _w4 ,ei!r view w agree ) :at foll[s3 ,b 9 "o ?+ !y--! nations1 or _! wise m5--w turn out bruti% & besott$3 797 ! tea*+ ( ,vanities :i* are wood4 ,! v]se is difficult2 b ! expression ! tea*+ 7or doctr9e7 ( ,vanities may p]haps be reg>d$ z equival5t to ! idols taught (2 & !n ! second half ( ! v]se is con/ruct$ l ! fir/ memb] ( v]4 #c3 ,! ord9ances ( ! peoples are ,vanity1 & may be r5d]$1 ! idols taught ( are m]e wood 7cf4 v]4 #c b1 ii4 #bg1 iii4 #i74 ,x is possible also t ! "r read+ is f\ndation 7msad7 n doctr9e 7ms>73 ! f\ndation 7basis1 sub/ratum1 sub/ance7 ( idols is wood4 7,! t]m ,vanities--habalim--is us$ = idols1 viii4 #ai1 xiv4 #bb2 ,ps4 xxxi4 #g74 ,&1 la/ly1 ,i ?9k1 ! clause might be r5d]$3 a doctr9e ( ,vanities1 ( m]e wood1 x--_! religion--is6#da ,?is supreme folly is ! "o ?+ t discr$its all ! boa/$ wisdom ( ! ,*aldeans2 & _! folly w h]eaft] be demon/rat$ by ev5ts 7v]4 #ad74 ,! body ( ! idol is wood1 & outw>dly x is decorat$ ) silv] & gold & co/ly app>el2 b ! :ole & e "p ( x is ! "w ( man4 ,silv] plate 7lit4 beat5 out7 f ,t>%i%--f f> away ,t>tessus 9 ,spa9--is br\ght1 & gold f ,uphaz 7,dan4 x4 #e71 ! "w ( ! smi?1 & ( ! h&s ( ! f\nd]--:o h beat5 out ! silv] & smelt$ ! gold3 blue & purple is _! clo?+ 7,ex4 xxvi4 #ca1 xxviii4 #h73 ! "w ( ! wise--( skill$ arti/s 7,isa4 xl4 #bj7--;is e "p ( !m4 ,possibly ! v]se might bett] be translat$3 ,silv] to be beat5 out--arg5tum malleo diduc5dum--:i* is br\ght f ,t>%i%1 & gold :i* is br\ght f ,uphaz1 are ! "w ( ! smi? & ( ! h&s ( ! smelt]2 ! blue & purple :i* are _! clo?+1 are ! "w ( ! wise all ( !m4 ,at all ev5ts1 ! po9t ( ! v]se seems to be t1 :e!r y look at ! inside or ! outside ( ! idol1 8 he>t ( wood or 8 cas+ ( gold & silv] & 8 gorge\s robes1 ! :ole & e bit ( him z he /&s be=e y is a manufactur$ article1 ! "w ( m5's h&s4 ,! sup]natural comes 9 n[h]e4 ,9 %>pe/ contra/ ) ?is lifeless feti%1 ,iahvah is a ,god t is tru?1 i4e41 a true ,god 7cf4 ,prov4 xxii4 #ba71 or ,iahvah is ,god 9 tru?--is really ,god--,he is a liv+ ,god1 & an et]nal ,k+2 ! sov]eign ^: rule is indep5d5t ( ! vicissitudes ( "t1 & ! caprices ( temporal creatures3 at ,8 wra? ! e>? quake?1 & nations _c abide ,8 indignation3 ! _w ( nature & ! _w ( man are alike dep5d5t ^u ,8 ,w1 & ,he exhibits ,8 p[] & 8 righte\s ang] 9 ! di/urbances ( ! "o & ! disa/]s ( ! o!r4 ,accord+ to ! ,hebrew punctuation1 we %\ld r translate3 ,b ,iahvah ,elohim 7! designation ( ,god 9 ! second acc\nt ( creation1 ,g54 ii4 #d-;iii4 #bd7 is tru?1 i4e41 reality2 z oppos$ to ! falsity & no?+ness ( ! idols2 or p]man5ce1 la/+ness 7,ps4 xix4 #aj71 z oppos$ to _! transitor9ess 7vv4 #aa-ae74 ,! /atem5t ( ! t5? v]se respect+ ! et]nal p[] & godhead ( ,iahvah is confirm$ 9 ! twelf? & ?irte5? by in/ances ( ,8 creative en]gy & cont9ual activity z exhibit$ 9 ! _w ( nature4 ,! ,mak] ( ! e>? by ,8 p[]1 ,e/abli%+ ! habitable _w by ,8 wisdom1 ,& by ,8 insight ,he did /ret* out ! heav5s3 ,at ! s\nd ( ,8 giv+ voice 7,ps4 lxxvii4 #ah2 i4e41 ?und]+7 !re is an upro> ( wat]s 9 ! heav5s1 ,& ,he cause? ! vap\rs to rise f ! end ( ! e>?2 ,lightn+s = ! ra9 ,he make?1 ,& cause? ! w9d to g =? out ( ,8 treasuries4 ,!re is no break 9 ! s5se betwe5 ^! s5t5ces & ! t5? v]se4 ,! con/ruction resembles t ( ,amos v4 #h1 ix4 #e1 #f1 & is int]rupt$ by ! elev5? v]se1 :i* 9 all probability 01 to beg9 )1 a m>g9al annotation4 ,! solid e>? is itself a natural symbol ( /r5g? & /ability4 ,! orig9al creation ( ?is mighty & endur+ /ructure argues ! omnipot5ce ( ! ,creator2 :ile ! e/abli%+ or f\nd+ ( x ^u ! wat]s ( ! great deep is a pro( ( supreme wisdom 7,ps4 xxiv4 #b2 cxxxvi4 #f71 & ! spread+ out ( ! visible heav5s or atmosph]e l a va/ canopy or t5t ov] ! e>? 7,ps4 civ4 #b2 ,isa4 xl4 #bb71 is evid5ce ( a p]fect insight into ! conditions ess5tial to ! exi/5ce & wellbe+ ( man4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 cle> en\gh t physical facts & ph5om5a are "h describ$ 9 popul> language z !y appe> to ! eye1 & by no means ) ! sev]e precision ( a sci5tific treatise4 ,x is n to be suppos$ t ?is prophet knew m ab\t ! actual con/itution ( ! physical univ]se ?an ! wise m5 ( 8 "t c\ld imp>t4 ,b su* k 0 n necess>y to ! en=cem5t ( ! spiritual tru?s :i* x 0 8 mission to proclaim2 & ! fact t 8 brief oracle pres5ts ^? tru?s 9 a g>b :i* we c only reg>d z poetical1 & :i* x w\ld argue a want ( judgm5t to treat z sci5tific prose1 does n affect _! et]nal validity1 nor at all impair _! univ]sal importance4 ,! passage ref]s u to ,god z ! ultimate s\rce ( ! _w ( nature4 ,x tea*es u t ! /ability ( ?+s is a reflexion ( ,8 et]nal be+2 t ! p]si/5ce ( matt] is an embodim5t ( ,8 /r5g?2 t ! inde/ructibility :i* sci5ce ascribes to ! mat]ials ( ! physical univ]se is ! seal :i* au!nticates _! ,div9e orig9al4 ,p]si/5ce1 p]man5ce1 inde/ructibl5ess1 are prop]ly sole attributes ( ! et]nal ,creator1 :i* ,he communicates to ,8 creation4 ,?+s are inde/ructible z reg>ds man1 n z reg>ds ! ,au?or ( _! be+4 ,?us ! wisdom en%r9$ 9 ! laws ( ! visible _w1 all its /r5g? & all its /ability1 is a manife/ation ( ! ,unse5 ,god4 ,invisible 9 !mselves1 ! et]nal p[] & godhead ( ,iahvah become visible 9 ,8 creation4 ,&1 z ! ,hebrew mode ( expression indicates1 ,8 activity is nev] susp5d$1 nor ,8 pres5ce )drawn4 ,! conflict ( ! elem5ts1 ! ro> ( ! ?und]1 ! fla% ( ! lightn+1 ! d[np\r ( wat]s1 ! ru% ( ! /ormw9d1 are ,8 "w2 & n less ,8 "w1 because we h f\nd out ! natural causes1 t is1 ! e/abli%$ conditions ( _! occurr5ce2 n less ,8 "w1 because we h1 9 ! ex]cise ( faculties really ?\gh remotely ak9 to ! ,div9e ,nature1 discov]$ h[ to imitate1 or r mimic1 ev5 ! m awful ( ^! m>vell\s ph5om5a4 ,mimicry x _c b appe>1 :5 we comp>e ! ov]:elm+ =ces t rage 9 a tropical /orm ) our electric toys4 ,! lightn+s 9 _! glory & t]ror are /ill ,god's arr[s1 & man _c rob ,8 quiv]4 ,n[adays m is kn[n ab\t ! ma*9]y ( ! _w1 b h>dly m ( ! ,intellig5ce t contriv$ x1 & keeps x cont9ually 9 work+ ord]1 nay1 l5ds x its v exi/5ce4 ,m is kn[n ab\t means & me?ods1 b h>dly m ab\t aims & purposes4 ,! reflexion1 h[ few are ! ma/]-conceptions :i* mod]n speculation has add$ to ! treasury ( ?\ght1 %\ld sugge/ humility to ! va9e/ & mo/ self-confid5t ( physical inquir]s4 ,9 ! v dawn ( philosophy ! human m9d appe>s to h anticipat$ z x 7 by sudd5 fla%es ( insight "s ( ! bolde/ hypo!ses ( mod]n sci5ce1 includ+ t ( ,evolution itself4 ,! un*angeable or inv>iable laws ( nature1 t is to say1 ! uni=mity ( sequ5ce :i* we obs]ve 9 physical ph5om5a1 is n to be reg>d$ z a ?+ t expla9s itself4 ,x is only intelligible z ! expression ( ! un*ang+ w ( ,god4 ,! prophet's ^w is /ill true4 ,x is ,god :o causes ! vap\rs to rise f ! end ( ! e>?1 draw+ !m up into ! air f oceans & lakes by ! simple yet beautiful & effici5t action ( ! sol> heat2 x is ,god :o makes lightn+s = ! ra91 *>g+ ! cl\ds ) ! electric fluid1 to bur/ =? 9 bl9d+ fla%es :5 ! oppos+ curr5ts meet4 ,x is ,god :o br+s ! w9d out ( ,8 treasuries4 ,9 ! prophet's "t ! w9ds 7 z great a my/]y z ! ?und] & lightn+2 x 0 n kn[n :5ce !y came nor :i!r !y w5t4 ,b ! k t !y are b curr5ts ( air due to v>iations ( temp]ature does n really deprive !m ( _! wond]4 ,n only is x impossible1 9 ! la/ resort1 to compreh5d :at heat is1 :at motion is1 :at ! ?+ mov$ is4 ,a f> great] m>vel rema9s1 :i* cries al\d ( ,god's wisdom & pres5ce & sov]eignty ov] all2 & t is ! wond]ful consili5ce ( all ! v>i\s p[]s & =ces ( ! natural _w 9 mak+ a home = man1 & enabl+ s app>5tly feeble a creature z he to live & ?rive amid/ ! p]petual int]action & collision ( ! manifold & mighty elem5ts ( ! univ]se4 ,! true au?or ( all ?is magnific5t sy/em ( objects & =ces1 to ! wond] & ! glory ( :i* only cu/om c bl9d u1 is ! ,god ( ! prophet4 ,?is sublime1 ?is j conception ( ,god 0 possible1 = x 0 actually realiz$1 altoge!r ap>t f ! influ5ce ( ,hell5ic philosophy & mod]n ,european sci5ce4 ,b x 0 by no means z common to ! ,semitic peoples4 ,9 ,babylon1 :i* 0 at ! "t ! focus ( all e>?ly wisdom & p[]1 9 ,babylon ! anci5t "m ( sci5ces & arts1 a crude poly!ism /ultifi$ all ! wisdom ( ! wise1 & l5t its sanction to a pr(\nd moral corruption4 ,rapid & univ]sal conque/s1 enorm\s weal? accru+ f ! spoils & tributes ( all nations1 only subs]v$ ! luxury & riot\s liv+ :i* issu$ 9 a g5]al effem9acy & social en]vation2 until ! great fabric ( empire1 :i* ,nabopalass> & ,nebu*adrezz> _h re>$ by _! milit>y & political g5ius1 sank "u ! weight ( its own vices4 ,look+ r\nd ^u ?is spectacle ( sup]/iti\s folly1 ! prophet decl>es t all m5 are become too brute-l = k2 too degrad$ to appreciate ! tru?1 ! simplicity ( a high] fai?2 too besott$ ) ! wor%ip ( a hundr$ va9 idols1 :i* 7 ! outw>d reflexion ( _! own diseas$ imag9ations1 to receive ! wisdom ( ! true religion1 & to p]ceive especially ! tru? j enunciat$1 t x is ,iahvah :o gives ! ra9 & ^u :om all atmosph]ic *anges dep5d 7cf4 xiv4 #bb73 & ?us1 9 ! h\r ( ne$1 e f\nd] blu%es = ! image1 because 8 molt5 figure is a lie1 & !re is no brea? 9 !m2 because ! lifeless idol1 ! "w ( 8 h&s1 c l5d no help4 ,p]haps bo? clauses ( ! v]se r express a prophecy3 ,all m5 w be prov5 bruti%1 de/itute ( k2 e f\nd] w blu% = ! grav5 image4 ,wise & /rong z ! ,babylonians suppos$ !mselves to be1 ! logic ( ev5ts w\ld undeceive !m4 ,!y 7 doom$ to a rude awak5+2 to discov] 9 ! h\r ( defeat & surr5d] t ! molt5 idol 0 a delusion1 t ! "w ( _! h&s 0 an embodi$ lie1 void ( life1 p[]less to save4 ,vanity--a m]e brea?1 n\ght--are !y1 a "w ( knav]ies 7a t]m recurr+ only 9 li4 #ah2 ! root seems to mean to /amm]1 to imitate72 9 ! "t ( _! visitation !y w p]i%6 or simply !y p]i%6--9 ! burn+ temples1 9 ! cra% ( fall+ %r9es4 ,x has happ5$ s4 ,at ?is day ! temples ( c$> & m>ble1 ) _! woodwork ov]laid ) bronze & silv] & gold1 ( ^: glories ! ,babylonian sov]eigns s pr\dly boa/ 9 _! /ill exi/+ records1 z %9+ l ! sun1 & l ! />s ( heav51 are %apeless heaps or r m\nta9s ( rubbi%1 :]e ,arabs dig = build+ mat]ials & treasure trove1 & ,european explor]s = ! relics ( a civilisation & a sup]/ition :i* h pass$ away = ev]4 ,vana sunt1 et opus risu dignum4 ,9 ! revolutions ( "t1 :i* are ! outw>d measures ( ! et]nally self-unfold+ purposes ( ,god1 ! ^w ( ! ,judean prophets has be5 amply fulfill$4 ,babylon & h] idols are no m4 ,all o!r idols1 too1 mu/ p]i% 9 l mann]4 ,?us %all ye say ( !m3 ,! gods :o ! heav5s & e>? did n make1 p]i% f ! e>? & f "u ! heav5s %all ^!6 ,! ass]tion t ! idols ( ,babylon 7 doom$ to de/ruction1 0 n ! :ole ( ! prophetic message4 ,x is connect$ ) & f\nd$ ^u ! anti!tic ass]tion ( ! et]nity ( ,iahvah4 ,!y w p]i%1 b ,he endures4 ,! "o et]nal is ,el ,elyon1 ! ,mo/ ,high ,god1 ! ,mak] ( heav5 & e>?4 ,b heav5 & e>? & :atev] p>takes only ( _! mat]ial nature are also doom$ to pass away4 ,& 9 t day ( ! ,"l1 :5 ! elem5ts melt ) f]v5t heat1 & ! e>? & ! works t are !re9 %all be burnt up 7#b ,pet4 iii4 #aj71 n only w ! idols ( ! hea!n _w1 & ! tawdry dolls :i* a deg5]ate *ur* suff]s to be ador$ z a k9d ( magical embodim5t ( ! ,"m ( ,god1 b all o!r idols :i* ! s5seb\nd he>t ( man makes to itself1 vani% into no?+ness be=e t ov]:elm+ revelation ( ! supremacy ( ,god4 ,!re is some?+ amaz+ 9 ! folly ( wor%ipp+ man1 :e!r 9 ! ab/ract =m ( ! cultus ( ,humanity1 or 9 any ( ! v>i\s =ms ( :at is call$ ,h]o-wor%ip1 or 9 ! vulg> =m ( self-wor%ip1 :i* is ! religion ( ! selfi% & ! worldly4 ,to ascribe infallibility to any mortal1 :e!r ,pope or politician1 is to s9 9 ! _s ( idolatry4 ,! ,mak] ( heav5 & e>?1 & ,he alone1 is wor?y ( wor%ip4 ,:]e wa/ ?\ :5 ,i laid ! f\ndations ( ! e>?8 decl>e1 if ?\ ha/ und]/&+ 7,job xxxviii4 #d74 ,no human wisdom nor p[] presid$ !re2 & to produce ! smalle/ ( a/]oids is /ill a task :i* lies inf9itely beyond ! comb9$ res\rces ( mod]n sci5ce4 ,man & all t man has creat$ is n\ght 9 ! scale ( ,god's creation4 ,he & all ! mighty works ) :i* he amazes1 ov]%ad[s1 enslaves 8 little _w1 w p]i% & pass away2 only t w survive :i* he builds ( mat]ials :i* are imp]i%able1 fabrics ( spiritual wor? & excell5ce & glory 7#a ,cor4 iii4 #ac74 ,a ,n9eveh1 a ,babylon1 a ,london1 a ,p>is1 may disappe>2 b he t doe? ! w ( ,god abide? = ev] 7#a ,john ii4 #ag74 ,n l ^! 7cf4 v]se #aa ad f947 is ,jacob's ,portion1 b ! ,mak] & ,m\ld] ( ! ,all--,he is 8 h]itage2 ,iahvah ,sabao? is ,8 "n6 7,bo? "h & at li4 #ai xxviii4 #ai ! ,,lxx4 omits3 & ,israel is ! tribe1 :i* seems to h be5 d]iv$ f ,deut4 xxxii4 #i4 ,israel is else:]e call$ ,iahvah's h]itage1 ,ps4 xxxiii4 #ab1 & portion1 ,deut4 xxxii4 #i2 b t ?\ght h>dly suits ! connexion "h47 ,n l ^!3 = ,he is ! ,div9e ,pott] :o m\ld$ all ?+s1 includ+ ! signs ( heav51 & ! idols ( wood & metal1 & _! fooli% wor%ipp]s4 ,& he is ,jacob's portion2 = ! k & wor%ip ( ,him 01 9 ! ,div9e c\nsels1 orig9ally assign$ to ,israel 7cf4 ,deut4 iv4 #ai2 & xxxii4 #h1 accord+ to ! true read+1 pres]v$ 9 ! ,,lxx472 & !re=e ,israel alone kn[s ,him & ,8 glori\s attributes4 ,iahvah ,sabao? is ,8 "n3 ! ,et]nal1 ! ,mak] & ,ma/] ( ! ho/s ( heav5 & e>?1 is ! aspect "u :i* ,he has reveal$ ,himself to ! true repres5tatives ( ,israel1 ,8 s]vants ! prophets4 ,! portion ( ,israel is 8 ,god--8 abid+ portion2 ( :i* nei!r ! *anges ( "t nor ! misconceptions ( man c avail to rob him4 ,:5 all t is accid5tal & transitory is tak5 away1 ?is di/9ction rema9s3 ,israel's portion is 8 ,god4 ,iahvah 0 inde$ ! national ,god ( ! ,jews1 argue "s ( our mod]n wise ones2 & !re=e ,he _c be id5tifi$ ) ! univ]sal ,deity4 ,he has be5 develop$1 exp&$1 into ?is va/ conception2 b orig9ally ,he 0 b ! private god ( a petty tribe1 ! ,l> ( a w&]+ h\sehold4 ,n[ h]e9 is a m>vell\s ?+4 ,h[ 0 x t ?is p>ticul> h\sehold god ?us grew to inf9ite proportions1 l ! g5ius em]g+ f ! unseal$ j> ( ,arab fable1 until1 f ,8 prime foo?old on ! t5t-floor ( a nomad family1 ,he t[]$ above ! />s & ,8 =m ov]%ad[$ ! univ]se8 ,h[ did x come to pass t ,8 prophet c\ld ask 9 a tone ( indisputable tru?1 recognis$ alike by fri5d & foe1 ,d n ,i fill heav5 & e>?1 sai? ,iahvah8 7,j]4 xxiii4 #bd74 ,h[1 t ?is imm5se1 ?is immeasurable expansion took place 9 ?is in/ance1 & n 9 t ( any "o ( ! ?\s& rival deities ( surr\nd+ & m p[]ful tribes & nations8 ,h[ comes x t we to-day are met to adore ,iahvah1 & n r "o ( ! =gott5 gods ( ,canaan or ,egypt or ,babylon8 ,m]oda* & ,nebo h vani%$1 b ,iahvah is ! ,fa!r ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,x c]ta9ly looks v mu* z if ! ,hebrew prophets 7 "r2 z if ,iahvah 7 really ! ,god ( ! creation z well z ! ,portion ( ,jacob4 ,! portion ( ,jacob4 ,is ,8 relation to t "o p a /umbl+-block8 ,c we see no et]nal tru? 9 ! /atem5t ( ! ,psalmi/ t ! ,"l's portion is ,8 p8 ,:o c f9d fault ) ! en?usia/ic fai? ( holy m5 ?us exult+ 9 ! k & love ( ,god8 ,x is a *>act]i/ic ( all g5u9e religion1 ?is sweet1 ?is elevat+ consci\sness t ,god is our ,god2 ?is pr(\nd s5se t ,he has reveal$ ,himself to u 9 a special & peculi> & individual mann]4 ,b ! actual hi/orical results1 z well z ! sacr$ books1 prove t ! s5se ( possess+ ,god & be+ possess$ by ,him 0 pur]1 /rong]1 deep]1 m effectual1 m abid+1 9 ,israel ?an 9 any o!r race ( ! anci5t _w4 ,"o mu/ tread w>ily ^u slipp]y gr\nd2 b ,i _c help ?9k+ t _m ( ! argum5ts alleg$ aga9/ ! probability ( ,god reveal+ ,himself to man at all or to a s+le nation 9 p>ticul>1 are suffici5tly met by ! simple consid]ation t ,he has actually done s4 ,any ev5t :atev] may be v improbable until x has happ5$2 & assum+ t ,god has n reveal$ ,himself1 x may p]haps be %ewn to be highly improbable t ,he w\ld reveal ,himself4 ,b1 mean:ile1 all religions & all fai? & ! ph5om5a ( consci5ce & ! highe/ intuitions ( reason presuppose ?is improbable ev5t z ! fact ap>t f :i* !y are insoluble riddles4 ,?is is n to say t ! precise mann] ( revelation--! contact ( ! ,inf9ite ) ! ,f9ite ,_s--is def9able4 ,!re are _m less l(ty exp]i5ces ( man :i* also are indef9able & my/]i\s1 b none ! less actual & c]ta94 ,facts are n expla9$ by d5ial1 :i* is ab\t ! mo/ b>r5 & feeble attitude a man c take up 9 ! pres5ce ( a baffl+ my/]y4 ,nor is x = man to prescribe conditions to ,god4 ,he :o made u & kn[s u f> bett] ?an we "k ourselves1 kn[s also h[ be/ to reveal ,himself to ,8 creatures4 ,! special illum9ation ( ,israel1 h[ev]1 does n imply t no light 0 v\*saf$ else:]e4 ,! religi\s sy/ems ( o!r nations furni% abundant evid5ce to ! contr>y4 ,god left n ,himself )\t witness1 ! sil5t witness ( t b5efic5t ord] ( ! natural _w1 :i* makes x possible = man to live1 & to live happily4 ,/4 ,paul did n scruple to complim5t ev5 ! deg5]ate ,a!nians ( 8 own day on ! gr\nd ( _! att5tion to religi\s matt]s1 & he c\ld cite a ,greek poet 9 support ( 8 doctr9e t man is ! (fspr+ ( ! "o ,god & ,fa!r ( all4 ,we may see 9 ! fact a suffici5t indication ( :at ,/4 ,paul w\ld h said1 _h ! nobl] non-,*ri/ian sy/ems fall5 "u 8 cognisance2 _h hea!nism become kn[n to him n 9 ! het]og5e\s poly!ism ( ,hellas1 :i* 9 8 "t _h long s9ce lo/ :at little moral influ5ce x _h ev] possess$1 nor 9 ! wild orgia/ic nature wor%ips ( ! ,less] ,asia1 :i* 9 _! ?or\ghly s5su\s basis did di%on\r alike to ,god & to man2 b 9 ! sublime t5ets ( ,z>a?u/ra1 ) _! noble morality & deep rev]5ce = ! ,"o ,god1 ! ,_s ( all goodness & tru?1 or 9 ! re=m$ ,brahmanism ( ,gautama ! ,buddha1 ) its gr& pr9ciple ( self-r5unciation & univ]sal *>ity4 ,! peculi> glories ( ,bible religion are n dimm$ 9 pres5ce ( ^! o!r lights4 ,all[+ = :atev] is valuable 9 ^! sy/ems ( belief1 we may /ill allege t ,bible religion comprises all t is good 9 !m1 & has1 besides1 _m preci\s features peculi> to itself2 we may /ill ma9ta9 t _! excell5ces are r te/imonies to ! tru? ( ! biblical tea*+s ab\t ,god1 ?an difficulties 9 ! way ( a rational fai?2 t x w\ld be f> m difficult to a ?\ghtful m9d to accept ! revelation ( ,god convey$ 9 ! ,bible1 if x 7 ! fact t no rays ( ,div9e light _h *e]$ ! d>kness ( ! millions ( /ruggl+ mortals beyond ! pale ( ,judaism1 ?an x is "u ! actual circum/ances ( ! case3 9 %ort1 t ! tru?s implicat$ 9 imp]fect religions1 isolat$ f all contact ) ,hebrew or ,*ri/ian belief1 are a witness to & a =e%ad[+ ( ! tru?s ( ! gospel4 ,our prophet decl>es t ,jacob's portion--! ,god ( ,israel--is n l ! gods ( contempor>y peoples4 ,h[1 !n1 does he conceive ( ,him8 ,n z a metaphysical entity--a nak$1 p]haps empty ab/raction ( ! und]/&+4 ,n z ! ,absolute & ,inf9ite ,be+1 :o is out ( all relation to space & "t4 ,8 language--! language ( ! ,old ,te/am5t--possesses no adjectives l ,inf9ite1 ,absolute1 ,et]nal1 ,omnisci5t1 ,omnipres5t1 nor ev5 ,almighty1 al?\gh t ^w s (t5 appe>s 9 our v5]able ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion4 ,x is difficult = u1 :o are ! heirs ( ages ( ?\ght & intellectual toil1 & ^: ?9k+ is almo/ :olly c>ri$ on by means ( ab/ract ideas1 to realize a /ate ( m9d & a habit ( ?\ght s l>gely diff]5t f our own z t ( ! ,hebrew p & ev5 ( ! ,hebrew prophets4 ,yet unless we make an ef=t to realize x1 h[ev] inadequately1 unless we ex]t ourselves1 & /rive manfully to ent] ?r\gh ! gate ( an in/ruct$ imag9ation into t f>-(f /age ( life & ?\ght :i* pres5ts s _m problems to ! hi/orical /ud5t1 & hides 9 its obscurity s _m preci\s tru?s2 we mu/ inevitably fail to appreciate ! full significance1 & consequ5tly fail ( appropriat+ ! full bless+ ( ^? wond]ful prophecies ( anci5t ,israel1 :i* are n = an age b = all "t4 ,let u1 !n1 try to appreh5d ! actual po9t ( view f :i* ! inspir$ ,israelite reg>d$ 8 ,god4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 t po9t ( view 0 em95tly practical4 ,z a rec5t writ] has =cibly rem>k$1 ,! primitive m9d does n occupy itself ) ?+s ( no practical importance1 & x is only 9 ! lat] /ages ( society t we meet ) traditional beliefs nom9ally accept$ by e "o b practically reg>d$ by none2 or ) !ological speculations :i* h an int]e/ = ! curi\s1 b are n felt to h a direct be>+ on ! conc]ns ( life4 ,! pi\s ,israelite c\ld n indulge a morbidly acute & re/lessly speculative intellect ) philosophical or sci5tific !ories ab\t ! ,deity1 ,8 nature 9 ,himself1 ,8 ess5tial & accid5tal attributes1 ,8 relation to ! visible _w4 ,nei!r did su* !ories !n exi/ ready made to 8 h&1 nor did 8 inw>d impulses & ! natural c\rse ( ?\ght urge him to pry into su* ab/ruse matt]s1 & ) cold irrev]5ce to subject 8 idea ( ,god to critical analysis4 ,c\ld he h be5 made to und]/& ! attitude & ! dem&s ( "s mod]n disputants1 he w\ld h be5 apt to exclaim1 ,can/ ?\ by se>*+ f9d out ,god8 ,can/ ?\ f9d out ,%addai unto p]fection8 ,x is z high z heav51 :at can/ ?\ d8 deep] ?an hell1 :at can/ ?\ "k8 ,to f9d out & to "k ,god z ! und]/&+ f9ds out & kn[s1 h[ c t ev] become possible to man8 ,su* k dep5ds entirely ^u processes ( comp>ison2 ^u ! p]ception ( simil>ity betwe5 ! object inve/igat$ & o!r kn[n objects2 ^u accurate nam+ & classification4 ,b :o c dream ( successfully ref]r+ ! ,deity to a class8 ,to :at w ye lik5 ,god1 or :at lik5ess w ye comp>e unto ,him8 ,9 ! brief prophecy be=e u1 z 9 ! =tie? *apt] ( ,isaiah1 ) :i* x pres5ts s _m po9ts ( contact1 we h a spl5did prote/ aga9/ all attempts at br++ ! ,mo/ ,high )9 ! limitations ( human cognition1 & r$uc+ ,god to ! category ( ?+s kn[n & und]/ood4 ,direct$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance aga9/ idolatry--aga9/ va9 ef=ts to f9d an adequate lik5ess ( ! ,supreme 9 "s "o ( ! numb]less creations ( ,8 h&1 & s to comp>e & gauge & compreh5d ,himself1--t prote/ is /ill applicable1 & ) ev5 great] =ce1 aga9/ ! idolatr\s t5d5cies ( ! pres5t age3 :5 "o s*ool ( devotees l\dly decl>es1 ,?\1 ,nature1 art our goddess2 to ?y law ,our s]vices are b\nd3 :]e=e %\ld we ,/& 9 ! plague ( cu/om8 & ano!r is equally l\d 9 ass]t+ t x has f\nd ! true god 9 man himself2 & ano!r proclaims ! div9ity ( brute =ce1 & feels no %ame 9 advocat+ ! sov]eignty ( ^? gross in/9cts & passions :i* man %>es ) ! bea/s t p]i%4 ,x is an unwor?y & an inadequate conception ( ,god1 :i* id5tifies ,him ) ,nature2 x is a deplorably impov]i%$ idea1 ! m]e outcome ( philosophic despair1 :i* id5tifies him ) ,humanity2 b :at language c describe ! grovell+ bas5ess ( t habit ( ?\ght :i* kn[s ( no?+ high] ?an ! s5sual appetite1 & seeks no?+ bett] ?an its cont9ual indulg5ce2 :i* sees ! native impress ( sov]eignty on ! br[ ( pass+ pleasure1 & recognises ! image & lik5ess ( ,god 9 a tempor>y association ( deprav$ in/9cts8 ,x is to ?is la/ =m ( idolatry1 ?is utt] hea!nism 9 ! moral life1 t all o!r =ms really conv]ge1 z ,/4 ,paul has %ewn 9 ! introduction ( 8 ,epi/le to ! ,romans1 :]e1 9 view ( ! unutt]able iniquities :i* 7 famili> occurr5ces 9 ! _w ( 8 contempor>ies1 he affirms t moral decad5ce ( ! mo/ appall+ "* is ultimately traceable to a volunt>y indulg5ce ( ^? idolatr\s t5d5cies :i* ignore ,god's revelation ( ,himself to ! he>t & reason1 & pref] to f9d _! deity 9 some?+ less awful 9 purity & hol9ess1 less av]se to ! defilem5ts ( s91 less conv]sant ) ! secrets ( ! s\l2 & s1 n lik+ to reta9 ! true & only ,god 9 k1 *ange ,8 tru? into a lie1 & wor%ip & s]ve ! creature m ?an ! ,creator3 *ang+ ! glory ( ! incorruptible ,god into an image made l unto corruptible man1 or ev5 to birds & f\rfoot$ bea/s & creep+ ?+s4 ,,footnotes3 #ci ,,lxx4 = !y are afraid be=e !m1 4 #dj ,?is is ! mo/ natural int]pretation ( ! passage accord+ to ! ,hebrew punctuation4 ,ano!r is giv5 bel[4 #da ,x is aga9/ usage to divide ! clause z ,naegelsba* does1 ,va9 in/ruction6 ,x is wood6 or to r5d] ) ,ewald ,simply va9 doctr9e is ! wood6 :i* w\ld require ! article 7ha'e74 ,,vii4 ,,! ,,brok5 ,,cov5ant4 ,,j]emiah xi41 xii4 ,!re is no visible break betwe5 ^! two *apt]s4 ,!y seem to summ>ize ! hi/ory ( a p>ticul> episode 9 ! prophet's c>e]4 ,at ! same "t1 ! /yle is s peculi>1 t x is n s easy1 z x might appe> at a fir/ glance1 to det]m9e exactly :at x is t ! section has to tell u4 ,:5 we come to take a clos] look at x1 we f9d a ?or\ghly *>act]i/ic mixture ( direct n>rative & soliloquy1 ( /atem5t ( facts & reflexion ^u ^? facts1 ( aspiration & pray] & prophecy1 ( self-commun+ & commun+ ) ,god4 ,c>eful analysis may p]haps furni% u ) a clue to ! dis5tanglem5t ( ! g5]al s5se & drift ( ?is *>act]i/ic m$ley4 ,we may ?us hope to get a cle>] insight into ! be>+ ( ?is old-_w oracle ^u our own ne$s & p]plexities1 our s9s & ! fruit ( our s9s1 :at we h done & :at we may expect z ! consequ5ce ( our do+s4 ,= ! ,^w ( ,god is quick & p[]ful4 ,its outw>d =m & ve/ure may *ange ) ! pass+ ( "t2 b its sub/ance nev] *anges4 ,! old int]pret]s die1 b ! ,^w lives1 & its life is a life ( p[]4 ,by t ,^w m5 live 9 _! successive g5]ations2 x is at once creative & regulative2 x is ! se$ ( life 9 man1 & x is ! law ( t life4 ,ap>t f ! ,div9e ,^w1 man w\ld be no m ?an a brute gift$ ) und]/&+1 b d5i$ all answ] to ! high] crav+s ( s\l & _s2 a be+ ^: consci\s life 0 a m]e mock]y2 a self-torm5tor1 tantaliz$ ) va9 surmises1 tortur$ ) ev]-recurr+ problems2 long+ = light1 & beset ) nev]-lift+ cl\ds ( imp5etrable d>kness2 ! "o sole in/ance1 among ! myriads ( s5ti5t be+s1 ( a creature ^: wants ,nature refuses to satisfy1 & ^: lot x is to consume = ev] 9 ! fires ( hopeless desire4 ,! sovran ,"l1 :o is ! ,et]nal ,wisdom1 has n made su* a mi/ake4 ,he provides satisfaction = all ,8 creatures1 accord+ to ! v>y+ degrees ( _! capacity1 accord+ to _! rank 9 ! scale ( be+1 s t all may rejoice 9 ! fulness & ! fre$om ( a happy life = _! allott$ "t4 ,man is no exception to ! univ]sal rule4 ,8 :ole con/itution z ,god has fa%ion$ x is su* t he c f9d 8 p]fect satisfaction 9 ! ,^w ( ! ,"l4 ,& ! dep? ( 8 dissatisfaction1 ! poignancy & ! bitt]ness ( 8 disappo9tm5t & disgu/ at himself & at ! _w 9 :i* he f9ds himself1 are ! /ronge/ evid5ce t he has s\ght satisfaction 9 ?+s t _c satisfy2 t he has fooli%ly endeav\r$ to fe$ 8 s\l ^u a%es1 to /ill ! crav+s ( 8 _s ) some?+ o!r ?an t ,^w ( ,god :i* is ! ,bread ( ,life4 ,y w obs]ve t ! disc\rse we are to consid]1 is head$3 ,! ^w t fell to ,j]emiah f ,iahvah 7lit4 f )1 t is1 f ! pres5ce ( ! ,et]nal71 say+4 ,i ?9k t expression say+ cov]s all t foll[s1 to ! end ( ! disc\rse4 ,! prophet's prea*+ ! ,law1 & ! consequ5ces ( t prea*+ z reg>d$ himself2 8 exp]i5ce ( ! /ubbornness & trea*]y ( ! p2 ! v>y+ moods ( 8 own m9d "u t bitt] exp]i5ce2 8 reflexions ^u ! condition ( ,judah1 & ! condition ( ,judah's ill-m9d$ neighb\rs2 8 =eca/s ( ! aft]-c\rse ( ev5ts z det]m9$ by ! un*ang+ w ( a righte\s ,god2 all ^! ?+s seem to be includ$ 9 ! scope ( t ,^w f ! pres5ce ( ,iahvah1 :i* ! prophet is ab\t to put on record4 ,y w see t x is n a s+le utt]ance ( a precise & def9ite message1 :i* he might h deliv]$ 9 a few mom5ts ( "t be=e a s+le audi5ce ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,! ,^w ( ! ,"l is progressively reveal$2 x beg9s ) a ?\ght 9 ! prophet's m9d1 b its entire cont5t is unfold$ gradually1 z he proce$s to act ^u t ?\ght or ,div9e impulse2 x is1 z x 71 evolv$ z ! result ( collision betwe5 ! prophet & 8 he>]s2 x em]ges into cle> light out ( ! d>kness ( /orm & conflict2 a conflict bo? int]nal & ext]nal2 a conflict )91 betwe5 8 own cont5d+ emotions & impulses & sympa?ies2 & a conflict )\t1 betwe5 an unpopul> tea*]1 & a wayw>d & corrupt & incorrigible p4 ,f ) ,iahvah4 ,!re may be /rife & tumult & ! d>kness ( ignorance & passion ^u e>?2 b ! /> ( tru? %9es 9 ! firmam5t ( heav51 & ! eye ( ! inspir$ man sees x4 ,?is is 8 diff]5ce f 8 fell[s4 ,he> ye ! words ( ?is cov5ant1 & speak ye unto ! m5 ( ,judah1 & ^u ! dwell]s 9 ,j]usalem6 ,& say ?\ unto !m1 ,?us sai? ,iahvah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 ,accurs$ are ! m5 t he> n ! words ( ?is cov5ant1 :i* ,i lay on y\r fa!rs1 9 ! day t ,i br\ght !m =? f ! l& ( ,egypt1 f ! furnace ( iron1 say+1 ,he>k5 unto ,my voice1 & d ^! ?+s1 accord+ to all t ,i %all *>ge y3 t ye may become = ,me a p1 & t ,i ,myself may become = y a ,god4 ,t ,i may make good 7 vid4 infr47 ! oa? :i* ,i sw>e to y\r =efa!rs1 t ,i w\ld give !m a l& fl[+ ) milk & honey1 z x n[ is 7or simply1 to-day74 ,& ,i answ]$ & said1 ,am51 ,iahvah6 7xi4 #a-e74 ,he> ye 444 speak ye unto ! m5 ( ,judah6 ,! occasion ref]r$ to is t memorable crisis 9 ! eighte5? ye> ( k+ ,josiah1 :5 ,hilkiah ! high prie/ _h f\nd ! book ( ! law 9 ! h\se ( ! ,"l 7#b ,k+s xxii4 #h sqq471 & ! pi\s k+ _h read 9 ! he>+ ( ! assembl$ p ^? f]vid exhortations to ob$i5ce1 ^? promises fraught ) all mann] ( bless+1 ^? t]rible d5unciations ( wra? & ru9 res]v$ = rebellion & apo/asy1 :i* we may /ill read 9 ! clos+ *apt]s ( ! book ( ,deut]onomy 7,deut4 xxvii4 sq474 ,j]emiah is recall+ ! ev5ts ( 8 own m9i/ry1 & passes 9 rapid review f ! "t ( 8 prea*+ ^u ! ,book ( ! ,law1 to ! ,*aldean invasion 9 ! reign ( ,jehoia*9 7xiii4 #ah sqq474 ,he recalls ! solemn occasion :5 k+ & p b\nd !mselves by oa? to obs]ve ! law ( _! ,god2 :5 ! k+ /ood ^u ! plat=m1 & made ! cov5ant be=e ,iahvah1 t he w\ld foll[ ,iahvah1 & keep 8 comm&m5ts1 & 8 laws & 8 /atutes1 ) :ole he>t & ) :ole s\l2 to make good 77 ! words ( ?is cov5ant1 t 7 writt5 ^u ?is roll2 & all ! p /ood to ! cov5ant 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #c74 ,at or soon aft] ?is great meet+1 ! prophet gives1 9 ! "n ( ,iahvah1 an emphatic approval to ! public und]tak+2 & bids ! lead]s 9 ! movem5t n to re/ cont5t$ ) ?is good beg9n+1 b to impress ! obligation m deeply ^u ! community at l>ge1 by s5d+ a mission ( prop]ly qualifi$ p]sons1 includ+ himself1 :i* %\ld at once en=ce ! re=ms necessitat$ by ! cov5ant ( /rict ob$i5ce to ! ,law1 & reconcile ! p bo? ( ! capital & ( ! rural t[ns & hamlets to ! sudd5 & sweep+ *anges dem&$ ( !m1 by %ew+ _! entire consonance ) ! ,div9e precepts4 ,he> ye--pr9ces & prie/s--! words ( ?is cov5ant2 & speak ye unto ! m5 ( ,judah6 ,!n foll[s1 9 brief1 ! prophet's own commission1 :i* is to reit]ate1 ) all ! =ce ( 8 impassion$ rhetoric1 ! awful m5aces ( ! ,sacr$ ,book3 ,curs$ be ! m5 t he> n ! words ( ?is cov5ant6 ,n[ aga91 9 ^! la/ ye>s ( _! national exi/5ce1 ! *os5 p are to he> an au?oritative proclamation ( t ,div9e ,law ^u :i* all _! weal dep5ds2 ! ,law giv5 !m at ! outset ( _! hi/ory1 :5 ! memory ( ! great deliv]ance 0 yet fre% 9 _! m9ds2 ! ,law :i* 0 ! condition ( _! peculi> relation to ! ,univ]sal ,god4 ,at ,s9ai !y _h solemnly und]tak5 to obs]ve t ,law2 & ,iahweh _h fulfill$ ,8 promise to _! fa!rs--to ,abraham1 ,isaac1 & ,jacob--& _h giv5 !m a goodly l&1 9 :i* !y _h n[ be5 e/abli%$ = at lea/ six hundr$ ye>s4 ,! ,div9e tru? & righte\sness 7 manife/ ^u a retrospect ( ?is long p]iod ( ev5tful hi/ory2 & ,j]emiah c\ld n )hold 8 inw>d ass5t1 9 ! =mula prescrib$ by ! ,book ( ! ,law 7,deut4 xxvii4 #ae sqq471 to ! p]fect ju/ice ( ! s5t5ce3 ,curs$ be ! m5 t he> n ! words ( ?is cov5ant4 ,& ,i answ]$ & said1 ,am51 ,iahvah6#db ,s to ?is true ,israelite1 ?us deeply commun+ ) 8 own _s1 two ?+s _h become cle> z day4 ,! "o 0 ! absolute righte\sness ( ,god's entire deal+ ) ,israel1 f fir/ to la/2 ! righte\sness ( disa/] & ov]?r[ z well z ( victory & prosp]ity3 ! o!r 0 8 own pres5t duty to br+ ?is tru? home to ! he>ts & consci5ces ( 8 fell[-c\ntrym54 ,?is is h[ he /ates ! fact3 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,proclaim ?\ all ^! words 9 ! cities ( ,judah & 9 ! /reets ( ,j]usalem1 say+1 ,he> ye ! words ( ?is cov5ant & d !m4 ,= ,i e>ne/ly adjur$ y\r fa!rs1 :5 ,i br\ght !m up f ! l& ( ,egypt 7& ,i h done s cont9ually7 ev5 unto ?is v day1 say+1 ,obey ye ,my voice6 ,& !y obey$ n1 nor incl9$ _! e>2 & !y walk$1 ea* & all1 9 ! h>dness ( _! wick$ he>t4 ,s ,i br\ght ^u !m all ! ?reats 7lit4 words7 ( ?is cov5ant1 :i* ,i _h *>g$ !m to keep1 & !y kept x n4 7xi4 #f-h74 ,god is always self-consi/5t2 man is (t5 inconsi/5t ) himself2 ,god is et]nally true1 man is ev] giv+ fre% pro(s ( 8 natural fai?lessness4 ,god is n only j 9 keep+ ,8 promises2 ,he is also m]ciful1 9 lab\r+ ev] to induce man to be self-consi/5t1 & true to moral obligations4 ,& ,div9e m]cy is reveal$ alike 9 ! plead+s ( ! ,holy ,_s by ! m\? ( prophets1 by ! voice ( consci5ce1 & 9 ! retribution t ov]takes p]si/5ce 9 evil4 ,! ,div9e ,law is life & heal? to !m t keep x2 x is dea? to !m t break x4 ,?\1 ,"l1 art m]ciful2 = ?\ rew>de/ e man accord+ to 8 works4 ,! relation ( ! ,"o ,god to ?is "o p 0 nei!r accid5tal nor arbitr>y4 ,x is sometimes spok5 ( z a ?+ gl>+ly unju/ to ! o!r nations ( ! anci5t _w1 t ! ,fa!r ( all %\ld h *os5 ,israel only to be ! recipi5t ( ,8 special fav\rs4 ,sometimes x is dem&$1 z an unansw]able dilemma1 ,h[ c\ld ! ,univ]sal ,god be ! ,god ( ! ,jews1 9 ! re/rict$ s5se impli$ by ! ,old ,te/am5t hi/ories8 ,b difficulties ( ?is k9d re/ ^u misund]/&+1 due to a slavi%ly lit]al int]pretation ( c]ta9 passages1 & inability to take a compreh5sive view ( ! g5]al drift & t5or ( ! ,old ,te/am5t writ+s z !y be> ^u ?is subject4 ,god's *oice ( ,israel 0 pro( ( ,8 love = mank9d4 ,he did n select "o p1 because ,he 0 indiff]5t or ho/ile to all o!r peoples2 b because ,he wi%$ to br+ all ! nations ( ! e>? to ! k ( ,himself1 & ! obs]vance ( ,8 law4 ,! words ( our prophet %ew t he 0 pr(\ndly conv9c$ t ! fav\r ( ,iahvah _h f ! outset dep5d$ ^u ! ob$i5ce ( ,israel3 ,he>k5 unto ,my voice1 & d ^! ?+s 444 t ye may become = ,me a p1 & t ,i ,myself may become = y a ,god4 ,h[ /rangely mu/ su* words h s\nd$ 9 ! e>s ( p :o believ$1 z ! masses bo? 9 t[n & c\ntry appe> = ! mo/ "p to h done1 t ,iahvah z ! ance/ral god 0 b\nd by an indissoluble tie to ,israel1 & t ,he c\ld n suff] ! nation to p]i% )\t incurr+ irrep>able loss1 if n ext9ction1 = ,himself6 ,x is z if ! prophet _h said3 ,y call y\rselves ! p ( ,god2 b x is n s mu* t y are ,8 p1 z t y may become su* by do+ ,8 w4 ,y suppose t ,iahvah1 ! ,et]nal1 ! ,creator1 is to y :at ,*emo% is to ,moah1 or ,mole* to ,ammon1 or ,baal to ,tyre2 b t is j :at ,he is n4 ,if y ent]ta9 su* ideas ( ,iahvah1 y are wor%ipp+ a figm5t ( y\r own c>nal imag9ations2 y\r god is n ! ,univ]sal ,god b a gross unspiritual idol4 ,x is only ^u y\r fulfilm5t ( ,8 conditions1 only ^u y\r yield+ an inw>d ass5t to ,8 law1 a he>ty acceptance to ,8 rule ( life1 t ,he ,himself--! ,"o only ,god--c truly become y\r ,god4 ,9 accept+ ,8 law1 y accept ,him1 & 9 reject+ ,8 law1 y reject ,him2 = ,8 law is a reflexion ( ,himself2 a revelation1 s f> z su* c be made to a creature l man1 ( ,8 ess5tial be+ & "*4 ,!re=e ?9k n t y c wor%ip ,him by m]e ext]nal rites2 = ! true wor%ip is righte\sness1 & hol9ess ( life4 ,! progress ( ! re=m+ movem5t1 :i* 0 d\btless p[]fully /imulat$ by ! prea*+ ( ,j]emiah1 is briefly sket*$ 9 ! *apt] ( ! book ( ,k+s1 to :i* ,i h already ref]r$ 7#b ,k+s xxiii474 ,t summ>y ( ! good de$s ( k+ ,josiah records app>5tly a v complete extirpation ( ! v>i\s =ms ( idolatry1 & ev5 a slaught] ( ! idol-prie/s ^u _! own alt>s4 ,hea!nism1 x w\ld seem1 c\ld h>dly h be5 practis$ aga91 at lea/ op5ly1 dur+ ! twelve rema9+ ye>s ( ,josiah4 ,b al?\gh a zeal\s k+ might en=ce outw>d con=mity to ! ,law1 & al?\gh ! e>ne/ prea*+ ( prophets l ,zephaniah & ,j]emiah might h consid]able effect ) ! bett] "p ( ! p1 ! fact rema9$ t ^? ^: he>ts 7 really op5 to ! ^w ( ! ,"l 7 /ill1 z always1 a small m9ority2 & ! t5d5cy to apo/asy1 ?\gh *eck$1 0 f> f be+ root$ up4 ,"h & !re ! =bidd5 rites 7 secretly obs]v$2 & ! h>% measures :i* _h accompani$ _! public suppression may v probably h int5sifi$ ! atta*m5t ( _m to ! local =ms ( wor%ip4 ,s9c]e conv]sions are n effect$ by viol5ce2 & ! m>tyrdom ( devotees may give new life ev5 to degrad$ & utt]ly immoral sup]/itions4 ,! transi5t nature ( ,josiah's re=mation1 radical z x may h appe>$ at ! "t to ! pr9cipal ag5ts engag$ 9 x1 is evid5t f ! te/imony ( ,j]emiah himself4 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,!re exi/s a conspiracy among ! m5 ( ,judah1 & among ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem4 ,!y h return$ to ! old s9s ( _! fa!rs1 :o refus$ to he> ,my words2 & !y too h gone away aft] o!r gods1 to s]ve !m3 ! h\se ( ,israel & ! h\se ( ,judah h brok5 ,my cov5ant1 :i* ,i made ) _! =efa!rs4 ,!re=e ?us sai? ,iahvah1 ,behold ,i am ab\t to br+ unto !m an evil f :i* !y _c get =?2 & !y w cry unto ,me1 & ,i w n li/5 unto !m4 ,& ! cities ( ,judah & ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem w g & cry unto ! gods to :om !y burn inc5se 7i4e41 n[2 ptcp472 & !y w yield !m no help at all 9 ! "t ( _! evil4 ,= _m z ?y cities are ?y gods become1 ,o ,judah6 & _m z ! /reets ( ,j]usalem h ye appo9t$ alt>s to ! ,%ame1 alt>s = burn+ inc5se to ! ,baal4 ,& z = !e1 int]c$e ?\ n = ?is p1 nor lift up = !m outcry 7i4e41 m\rn+7 & int]cession2 = ,i int5d n to he>k51 9 ! "t :5 !y call unto ,me1 9 ! "t ( _! evil 7s read3 cf4 v]s4 #ab1 in/ead ( 7 7vv4 #i-ad74 ,all ?is appe>s to indicate ! c\rse ( ! prophet's reflexion1 aft] x _h become cle> to him t ! re=mation 0 illusory1 & t 8 own lab\rs _h fail$ ( _! purpose4 ,he calls ! relapse ( ! p a plot or conspiracy2 !reby sugge/+1 p]haps1 ! secrecy ) :i* ! prohibit$ wor%ips 7 at fir/ reviv$1 & ! intrigues ( ! unfai?ful nobles & prie/s & prophets1 9 ord] to br+ ab\t a rev]sal ( ! policy ( re=m1 & a return to ! old sy/em2 & c]ta9ly sugge/+ t ! he>t ( ! nation1 z a :ole1 0 disloyal to its ,heav5ly ,k+1 & t its r5ew$ apo/asy 0 a wick$ disav[al ( lawful allegiance1 & an act ( unp>donable treason aga9/ ,god4 ,b ! ^w fur!r signifies t a ,,bond has be5 ent]$ into1 a bond :i* is ! exact anti!sis ( ! cov5ant ) ,iahvah2 & x implies t ?is bond has ab\t x a fatal /r5g? & p]man5ce1 involv+ z its necess>y consequ5ce ! ru9 ( ! nation4 ,break+ cov5ant ) ,iahvah meant mak+ a cov5ant ) o!r gods2 x 0 impossible to d ! "o ?+ )\t ! o!r4 ,& t is z true n[1 "u totally diff]5t conditions1 z x 0 9 ! l& ( ,judah1 tw5ty-f\r c5turies ago4 ,if y h brok5 fai? ) ,god 9 ,*ri/1 x is because y h ent]$ into an agreem5t ) ano!r2 x is because y h fooli%ly tak5 ! tempt] at 8 ^w1 & accept$ 8 conditions1 & surr5d]$ to 8 proposals1 & pref]r$ 8 promises to ! promises ( ,god4 ,x is because1 aga9/ all reason1 aga9/ consci5ce1 aga9/ ! ,holy ,_s1 aga9/ ! witness ( ,god's ,^w1 aga9/ ! witness ( ,8 ,sa9ts & ,confessors 9 all ages1 y h believ$ t a ,be+ less ?an ! ,et]nal ,god c\ld ensure y\r weal & make y happy4 ,& n[ y\r he>t is no long] at unity 9 itself1 & y\r allegiance is no long] s+le & undivid$4 ,_m z ?y cities are ?y gods become1 ,o ,judah6 ,! s\l t is n unifi$ & h>moniz$ by ! fe> ( ! ,"o ,god1 is torn & di/ract$ by a ?\s& cont5d+ passions3 & va9ly seeks peace & deliv]ance by wor%ip at a ?\s& unholy %r9es4 ,b ,mammon & ,belial & ,a%t>o? & ! :ole r\t ( unclean spirits1 ^: s$uctions h lur$ y a/ray1 w fail y at la/2 & 9 ! h\r ( bitt] ne$1 y w le>n too late t !re is no god b ,god1 & no peace nor safety nor joy b 9 ,him4 ,x is futile to pray = ^? :o h delib]ately ca/ (f ! cov5ant ( ,iahvah1 & made a cov5ant ) ,8 adv]s>y4 ,int]c$e n = ?is p1 nor lift up outcry & int]cession = !m6 ,pray] _c save1 no?+ c save1 ! imp5it5t2 & !re is a /ate ( m9d1 9 :i* "o's own pray] is turn$ into s92 ! /ate ( m9d 9 :i* a man prays1 m]ely to appease ,god1 & escape ! fire1 b )\t a ?\ght ( =sak+ s91 )\t ! fa9te/ aspiration aft] hol9ess4 ,!re is a degree ( guilt ^u :i* s5t5ce is already pass$1 :i* is unto dea?1 & = :i* int]cession is int]dict$ alike by ! ,apo/le ( ! ,new z to ! prophet ( ! ,old ,cov5ant4 ,:at availe? x ,my belov$1 t %e fulfille? h] int5t 9 ,m9e h\se8 ,c v[s & hall[$ fle% make ?9e evil to pass f !e8 ,!n mighte/ ?\ inde$ rejoice#dc 7v]4 #ae74 ,su* appe>s to be ! true s5se ( ?is v]se1 ! only difficult "o 9 ! *apt]4 ,! prophet _h evid5tly ! same ?\ght 9 8 m9d z 9 v]4 #aa3 ,i w br+ unto !m an evil1 f :i* !y _c get =?2 & !y w cry unto ,me1 & ,i w n he>k5 unto !m4 ,! words also recall ^? ( ,isaiah 7,isa4 i4 #aa sqq473 ,= :at to ,me are y\r _m sacrifices1 sai? ,iahvah8 ,:5 ye ent] 9 to see ,my face1 :o ha? s\ght ?is at y\r h&1 to trample ,my c\rts8 ,br+ no m a va9 oblation2 loa?ly inc5se x is to ,me6 ,! t]m :i* ,i h r5d]$ int5t1 usually d5otes an evil int5tion2 s t1 l ,isaiah1 our prophet implies t ! popul> wor%ip is n only futile b s9ful4 ,s true x is t ,he t turne? away 8 e> f he>+ ! law1 ev5 8 pray] is an abom9ation 7,prov4 xxviii4 #i72 or1 z ! ,psalmi/ puts ! same tru?1 ,if ,i incl9e unto wick$ness ) my he>t1 ! ,"l w n he> me4 ,a fl\ri%+ olive1 fair ) %apely fruit1 did ,iahvah call ?y "n4 ,to ! s\nd ( a great upro> w ,he set h] on fire2 & 8 hang+ b\ghs w crackle 79 ! flames74 ,& ,iahvah ,sabao?1 t plant$ !e1 ,himself ha? pron\nc$ evil ^u !e2 because ( ! evil ( ! h\se ( ,israel & ! h\se ( ,judah1 :i* !y h done to !mselves 7iv4 #ah1 vii4 #ai7 9 provok+ ,me1 9 burn+ inc5se to ! ,baal 7v]s4 #af-ag74 ,! figure ( ! olive seems a v natural "o 7cf4 ,rom4 xi4 #ag71 :5 we rememb] ! beauty & ! utility = :i* t tree is fam\s 9 ,ea/]n l&s4 ,iahvah call$ ?y "n2 t is1 call$ !e into det]m9ate be+2 end[$ !e at ?9e orig9 ) c]ta9 *>act]i/ic qualities4 ,?9e orig9al con/itution1 z ?\ did/ leave ?y ,mak]'s h&1 0 fair & good4 ,israel among ! nations 0 z beautiful to ! eye z ! olive among trees2 & 8 fruit1 8 do+s1 7 a glory to ,god & a bless+ to m51 l t preci\s oil1 = :i* ,god & man hon\r ! olive 7,judg4 ix4 #i74 7,ze*4 iv4 #c2 ,hos4 xiv4 #g2 ,ps4 lii4 #aj47 ,b n[ ! noble /ock _h deg5]at$2 ! gre5 olive tree1 plant$ 9 ! v c\rt ( ,iahvah's h\se1 _h become no bett] ?an a b>r5 wild+1 fit only = ! fire4 ,! ?\ght is ess5tially simil> to t ( an e>li] disc\rse3 ,i plant$ !e a noble v9e1 :olly a "r se$2 h[ !n ha/ ?\ turn$ into ! deg5]ate plant ( a /range v9e unto ,me8 7ii4 #ba74 ,"h1 !re is an abrupt transition1 :i* =cibly expresses ! sudd5ness ( ! de/ruction t mu/ dev\r ?is deg5]ate p3 ,to ! s\nd ( a great upro>--! d9 ( invad+ armies--he w set h] 7! belov$1 symboliz$ by ! tree7 on fire2 & 8 7! olive's7 hang+ b\ghs w crackle 9 ! flames4 ,& ?is fi]ce "w ( a b>b>\s soldi]y is no *ance calamity2 x is ! execution ( a ,div9e judgm5t3 ,iahvah ,sabao? 444 ,himself ha? pron\nc$ evil ^u !e4 ,& yet fur!r1 x is ! nation's own do+2 ! two h\ses ( ,israel h p]si/5tly lab\r$ = _! own ru92 !y h br\ght x ^u !mselves4 ,man is himself ! au?or ( 8 own weal & woe2 & !y :o are n work+ out _! own salvation1 are work+ out _! own de/ruction4 ,& x 0 ,iahvah t gave ,me k1 s t ,i well knew2 at t "t1 ,?\ did/ %ew me _! do+s4 ,b1 = myself1 l a fav\rite 7lit4 tame1 fri5dly1 g5tle3 iii4 #d7 lamb t is l$ to ! slaught]1 ,i wi/ n t aga9/ me !y _h laid a plot4 ',let u fell ! tree 9 its prime1#dd & let u cut him (f out ( ! l& ( ! liv+1 t 8 "n be rememb]$ no m4' ',yea1 b ,iahvah#de ,sabao? judge? righte\sly1 trie? re9s & he>t4 ,i %all see ,?y v5geance on !m2 = unto ,!e h ,i laid b>e my cause4' ,!re=e ?us said ,iahvah2 ,^u ! m5 ( ,ana?o? t 7 seek+ ?y life1 say+1 ,?\ %alt n prophesy 9 ! "n ( ,iahvah1 t ?\ die n by our h&3--!re=e ?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ,behold ,i am ab\t to visit x ^u !m3 ! "y m5 w die by ! sword2 _! sons & _! daught]s w die by ! fam9e4 ,& a remnant !y %all n h3 = ,i w br+ an evil unto ! m5 ( ,ana?o?1 ! ye> ( _! visitation 7vv4 #ah-bc74 ,! prophet1 x w\ld seem1 _h made ! r\nd ( ! c\ntry places1 & come to ,ana?o?1 on 8 return j\rney to ,j]usalem4 ,"h1 9 8 native t[n1 he proclaim$ to 8 own p t same solemn message :i* he _h deliv]$ to ! c\ntry at l>ge4 ,x is v probable t ! prec$+ v]ses 7#i-ag7 conta9 ! sub/ance ( 8 address to 8 k9sfolk & acqua9tance2 an address :i* /irr$ !m1 n to rep5tance t[>ds ,god b to murd]\s wra? aga9/ ,8 prophet4 ,a plot 0 laid = ,j]emiah's life by 8 own neighb\rs & ev5 8 own family 7xii4 #f72 & he ow$ 8 escape to "s provid5tial circum/ance1 "s lucky accid5t1 z m5 might say1 :i* reveal$ to him _! unsuspect$ p]fidy4 ,:at ! ev5t 0 :i* ?us sudd5ly disclos$ ! hidd5 dang]1 is n record$2 & ! :ole episode is r allud$ to ?an describ$4 ,b x is cle> t ! prophet knew no?+ ab\t ! plot1 until x 0 ripe = execution4 ,he 0 z :olly unconsci\s ( ! dea? prep>$ = him1 z a pett$ lamb on ! way to ! alt>4 ,!n--:5 8 fate seem$ sure--!n x 0 t some?+ happ5$ by :i* ,iahvah gave him k1 & %ew$ him _! do+s4 ,! ?\ght or say+ attribut$ to 8 enemies1 ,let u fell ! tree7s7 9 ! prime !re(6 may conta9 a s>ca/ic allusion really made to ! prophet's own w>n+ 7v]4 #af73 ,a fl\ri%+ olive1 fair ) %apely fruit1 did ,iahvah call ?y "n3 to ! noise ( a great upro> w ,he set x on fire1 & ! bran*es !re( %all crackle 9 ! flames4 ,! words t foll[ 7v]4 #bj71 yea1 b 7or1 & yet7 ,iahvah ,sabao? judge? righte\sly2 trie? re9s & he>t 7cf4 xx4 #ab71 is ! prophet's reply1 9 ! =m ( an unexpress$ ?\ght1 or a hurri$ ejaculation ^u discov]+ _! deadly malice4 ,! timely w>n+ :i* he _h receiv$1 0 fre% pro( to him ( ! tru? t human designs are1 aft] all t _! au?ors c d1 dep5d5t on ! w ( an ,unse5 ,arbit] ( ev5ts2 & ! ,div9e ju/ice1 ?us manife/$ t[>ds himself1 inspir$ a conviction t ^? h>d5$ & blood?ir/y s9n]s w\ld1 soon] or lat]1 exp]i5ce 9 _! own de/ruction t display ( ! same ,div9e attribute :i* 0 necess>y to its complete manife/ation4 ,x 0 ?is conviction1 r ?an p]sonal res5tm5t1 h[ev] excusable "u ! circum/ances t feel+ w\ld h be51 :i* l$ ,j]emiah to exclaim3 ,i %all see ,?y v5geance on !m1 = unto ,!e h ,i laid b>e my cause4 ,he _h appeal$ to ! ,judge ( all ! e>?1 t doe? "r2 & he knew ! innoc5cy ( 8 own he>t 9 ! qu>rel4 ,he 0 c]ta91 !re=e1 t 8 cause w\ld "o day be v9dicat$1 :5 t ru9 ov]took 8 enemies1 ( :i* he _h w>n$ !m 9 va94 ,look$ at 9 ?is light1 8 words are a confid5t ass]tion ( ! ,div9e ju/ice1 n a cry = v5geance4 ,!y reveal :at we may p]haps call ! human basis ( ! =mal prophecy :i* foll[s2 !y %ew by :at /eps ! prophet's m9d 0 l$ on to ! utt]ance ( a s5t5ce ( de/ruction ^u ! m5 ( ,ana?o?4 ,t ,j]emiah's invectives & ?reat5+s ( wra? & ru9 %\ld provoke hatr$ & opposition 0 p]haps n wond]ful4 ,m5 9 g5]al are sl[ to recognise _! own moral %ortcom+s1 to believe evil ( !mselves2 & !y are apt to pref] advis]s1 ^: optimism1 ?\gh ill-f\nd$ & mislead+1 is pleasant & reassur+ & confirmatory ( _! own prejudices4 ,b x does seem /range t x %\ld h be5 res]v$ = ! m5 ( 8 own bir?place1 8 own bre?r5 & 8 fa!r's h\se1 to c>ry opposition to ! po9t ( m$itat$ murd]4 ,once m ,j]emiah /&s be=e u1 a visible type ( ,him ^: ,div9e wisdom decl>$ t a prophet f9ds no hon\r 9 8 own c\ntry1 & ^: life 0 attempt$ on t ,sabba? day at ,naz>e? 7,/4 ,luke iv4 #bd sqq474 ,! s5t5ce 0 pron\nc$1 b ! cl\d ( dejection 0 n at once lift$ f ! s\l ( ! se]4 ,he knew t ju/ice mu/ 9 ! end ov]take ! guilty2 b1 9 ! meantime1 8 enemies liv$ & 7 mighty1 & _! crim9al designs aga9/ himself rema9$ unnotic$ & unpuni%$4 ,! m he brood$ ov] x1 ! m difficult x seem$ to reconcile _! prosp]\s immunity ) ! ju/ice ( ,god4 ,he has giv5 u ! c\rse ( 8 reflections ^u ?is pa9ful "q1 ev] sugge/$ anew by ! facts ( life1 nev] suffici5tly answ]$ by toil+ reason4 ,too righte\s art ,?\1 ,iahvah1 = me to cont5d ) ,!e3 ,i w b lay argum5ts be=e ,!e 7i4e41 argue ! case =5sically74 ,:]e=e do? ! way ( ! wick$ prosp]8 ,:]e=e are !y undi/urb$1 all t deal v trea*]\sly8 ,?\ plante/ !m1 yea1 !y take root2 !y gr[ ev]1 yea1 !y be> fruit3 ,?\ art nigh 9 _! m\?1 & f> f _! re9s4 ,& ,?\1 ,iahvah1 kn[e/ me2 ,?\ see/ me1 & trie/ m9e he>t 9 ,?y m9d4 ,sep>ate !m l %eep = ! slaught]1 & consecrate !m = ! day ( kill+6 ,h[ long %all ! l& m\rn1 & ! h]bage ( all ! c\ntry )]8 ,f ! evil ( ! dwell]s !re91 bea/s & birds p]i%3 = !y h said 7or1 ?\ght71 ,he _c see our end 7xii4 #a-d74 ,x is n m]ely t 8 w\ld-be murd]]s ?rive2 x is t !y take ! holy ,"n ^u _! unclean lips2 x is t !y are hypocrites comb9+ a pret5d$ respect = ,god1 ) an inw>d & ?or\gh indiff]5ce to ,god4 ,he is nigh 9 _! m\? & f> f _! re9s4 ,!y hon\r ,him ) _! lips1 b h remov$ _! he>t f> f ,him2 & _! wor%ip ( ,him is a m]e human comm&m5t1 le>n$ by rote 7,isa4 xxix4 #ac74 ,!y swe> by ,8 ,"n1 :5 !y are b5t on deception 7*4 v4 #b74 ,x is all ?is :i* especially r\ses ! prophet's indignation2 & contra/+ !re) 8 own consci\s integrity & fai?fulness to ! ,div9e law1 he calls ^u ,div9e ,ju/ice to judge betwe5 himself & !m3 ,pull !m out l %eep = slaught]1 & consecrate !m 7set !m ap>t--f ! re/ ( ! flock7 = ! day ( kill+6 ,x has be5 said t ,j]emiah ?r\gh\t ?is :ole p>agraph speaks n z a prophet b z a private individual2 & t 9 ?is v]se especially he gives way to ! natural man1 & asks ! life ( 8 enemies 7#a ,k+s iii4 #aa2 ,job xxxi4 #cj74 ,?is is p]haps a t5able op9ion4 ,we h to be> 9 m9d ! diff]5ce ( /&po9t betwe5 ! writ]s ( ! ,old ,cov5ant & ^? ( ! ,new4 ,n mu* is said by ! =m] ab\t ! =giv5ess ( injuries1 ab\t )hold+ ! h& f v5geance4 ,! mo/ anci5t law1 inde$1 conta9$ a noble precept1 :i* po9t$ 9 ?is direction3 ,if ?\ meet ?9e enemy's ox or 8 ass go+ a/ray1 ?\ %alt surely br+ x back to him aga94 ,if ?\ see ! ass ( him t hate? !e ly+ "u 8 burd51 & w\lde/ =be> to help him1 ?\ %alt surely help ) him 7,ex4 xxiii4 #d1 #e74 ,& 9 ! book ( ,prov]bs we read3 ,rejoice n :5 ?9e enemy falle?1 ,& let n ?9e he>t be glad :5 he is ov]?r[n4 ,b ! impression ( magnanimity ?us produc$ is some:at dim9i%$ by ! reason :i* is add$ imm$iately3 ,le/ ! ,"l see x & x displease ,him1 ,& ,he turn away ,8 wra? f him3 a motive ( :i* ! be/ t c be said is t x is *>act]i/ic ( ! imp]fect morality ( ! "t 7,prov4 xxiv4 #ag sq474 ,! same objection may be tak5 to t o!r fam\s passage ( ! same book3 ,if ?9e enemy be hungry1 give him bread to eat2 ,& if he be ?ir/y1 give him wat] to dr9k3 ,= ?\ %alt heap coals ( fire ^u 8 head1 ,& ! ,"l %all rew>d !e 7,prov4 xxv4 #ba sq474 ,! reflexion t ! relief ( 8 necessities w mortify & humiliate an enemy to ! utmo/1 :i* is :at seems to h be5 orig9ally meant by heap+ coals ( fire ^u 8 head1 h[ev] practically useful 9 *eck+ ! wild impulses ( a hot-blood$ & v9dictive race1 su* z ! ,hebrews 71 & su* z _! k9dr$ ! ,b$awi ,arabs h rema9$ to ?is day "u a sy/em ( fai? :i* has n said1 ,love y\r enemies2 & h[ev] capable ( a new application 9 ! m enlight5$ _s ( ,*ri/ianity 7,rom4 xii4 #ai sqq472 is und\bt$ly a motive m>k$ by ! limitations ( ,old ,te/am5t e?ical ?\ght4 ,& edify+ z !y may prove to be1 :5 und]/ood 9 t purely spiritual & univ]sal s5se1 to :i* ! ,*ur* has l5t h] au?ority1 h[ _m ( ! psalms 71 9 _! prim>y int5tion1 agoniz+ cries = v5geance2 pray]s t ! human victim ( oppression & wrong might see 8 desire ^u 8 enemies8 ,all ?is mu/ be borne 9 m9d2 b !re are o!r consid]ations also :i* mu/ n be omitt$1 if we w\ld get at ! exact s5se ( our prophet 9 ! passage be=e u4 ,we mu/ rememb] t he is lay+ a case be=e ,god4 ,he has admitt$ at ! outset t ,god is absolutely j1 9 spite ( & 9 view ( ! fact t 8 murd]\s enemies are prosp]\s & unpuni%$4 ,:5 he pleads 8 own s9c]ity & purity ( he>t1 9 contra/ ) ! lip-s]vice ( 8 adv]s>ies1 x is p]haps t ,god may grant1 n s mu* _! p]dition1 z ! salvation ( ! c\ntry f ! evils !y h br\ght & are br++ ^u x4 ,ascrib+ ! tr\bles already pres5t & ^? :i* are yet to come1 ! desolations :i* he sees & ^? :i* he =esees1 to _! /eady p]si/5ce 9 wick$ness1 he asks1 ,h[ long mu/ ?is cont9ue8 ,w\ld x n be bett]1 w\ld x n be m consonant ) ,div9e wisdom & righte\sness to purify ! l& ( its fatal ta9t by ! sudd5 de/ruction ( ^? he9\s & h>d5$ (f5d]s1 :o sc(f at ! v idea ( a true =eca/ ( _! end 7v]4 #d78 ,b ?is is n all4 ,!re w\ld be m app>5t =ce 9 ! allegation we are discuss+ if x 74 ,! cry to heav5 = an imm$iate act ( retributive ju/ice is n ! la/ ?+ record$ ( ! prophet's exp]i5ce on ?is occasion4 ,he goes on to relate1 = our satisfaction1 ! ,div9e answ] to 8 que/ion+s1 :i* seems to h satisfi$ 8 own tr\bl$ m9d4 ,if ?\ ha/ run b ) footrac]s1 & !y h we>i$ !e1 h[ !n wilt ?\ compete ) ! c\rs]s8 ,& if ?y confid5ce be 9 a l& ( peace 7or1 a quiet l&71 h[ !n wilt ?\ d 9 ! ?ickets 7jungles7 ( ,jordan8#df ,= ev5 ?9e own bre?r5 & ?y fa!r's h\se1 ev5 !y w deal trea*]\sly ) !e2 ev5 !y w cry al\d aft] !e3 tru/ ?\ n 9 !m1 ?\gh !y speak !e fair6 7xii4 #e1 #f74 ,! metaphors convey a rebuke ( impati5ce & premature disc\ragem5t4 ,hitzig aptly quotes ,demo/h5es3 ,if !y _c face ! c&le1 :at w !y d :5 !y see ! sun8 7,plut4 de vitioso pudore1 c4 #e47 ,x is ! voice ( ! prophet's bett] feel+1 & ( victori\s self-possession1 adds ! critic2 & we1 :o e>ne/ly believe t1 ( ! two voices :i* plead aga9/ ea* o!r 9 ! he>t ( man1 ! voice t :isp]s good is ! voice ( ,god1 f9d x n h>d to accept 8 /atem5t 9 t s5se4 ,! prophet is giv+ u ! up%ot ( 8 reflexion ^u ! t]rible dang] f :i* he _h be5 m]cifully pres]v$2 & we see t 8 ?\ghts 7 guid$ to ! conclusion t1 hav+ once accept$ ! ,div9e ,call1 x w\ld be unwor?y to abdicate 8 mission on ! fir/ signal ( dang]4 ,great z t dang] _h be51 he n[1 9 8 calm] h\r1 p]ceives t1 if he is to fulfil 8 high vocation1 he mu/ be prep>$ to face ev5 worse ?+s4 ,) s]i\s irony he asks himself1 if a runn] :o is ov]come 9 a footrace c hope to out/rip horses8 or h[ a man1 :o is only bold :]e no dang] is1 w face ! p]ils t lurk 9 ! jungles ( ! ,jordan8 ,he rememb]s t he has to fight a m ardu\s battle & on a great] sc5e4 ,j]usalem is m ?an ,ana?o?2 & ! k+s ( ,judah & ! pr9ces !re( are mighti] adv]s>ies ?an ! conspirators ( a c\ntry t[n4 ,& 8 pres5t escape is an e>ne/ ( deliv]ance on ! wid] field3 ,!y %all fight aga9/ !e1 b !y %all n prevail aga9/ !e3 = ,i am ) !e1 said ,iahvah1 to deliv] !e 7see i4 #ag-ai74 ,b to a deeply affectionate & s5sitive nature l ,j]emiah's1 ! ?\ght ( be+ =sak5 by 8 own k9dr$ might well appe> z a trial worse ?an dea?4 ,?is is ! cont5d+ ) horses1 ! /ruggle t is almo/ beyond ! p[]s ( man to endure2 ?is is ! deadly p]il1 l t ( v5tur+ into ! lion-haunt$ ?ickets ( ,jordan1 :i* he cle>ly =esees z await+ him3 ,= ev5 ?9e own bre?r5 & ?y fa!r's h\se1 ev5 !y w deal trea*]\sly ) !e4#dg ,x w\ld seem t ! prophet1 ) ^: timidity "s critics h n hesitat$ to f9d fault1 _h to r5\nce all t man holds de>1 z a condition ( fai?fulness to 8 call4 ,aga9 we are rem9d$ ( ,"o1 ( :om x is record$ t ,nei!r did ,8 bre?r5 believe 9 ,him 7,/4 ,john vii4 #e71 & t ,8 fri5ds w5t out to lay hold on ,him1 = !y said1 ,he is beside ,himself 7,/4 ,m>k iii4 #ba74 ,! clos5ess ( ! p>allel betwe5 type & antitype1 betwe5 ! sorr[ful prophet & ! ,man ( ,sorr[s1 is se5 yet fur!r 9 ! words1 ,ev5 !y w cry al\d aft] !e 7lit4 ) full cry74 ,! mean+ may be3 ,!y w jo9 9 ! hue & cry ( ?y pursu]s1 ! mad %\ts ( ,/op him6 or ,/rike him d[n6 su* z may p]haps h rung 9 ! prophet's e>s z he fl$ f ,ana?o?4 ,b we may also und]/& a metaphorical description ( ! ef=ts ( 8 family to recall him f ! unpopul> pa? on :i* he _h ent]$2 & ?is p]haps agrees bett] ) ! w>n+3 ,tru/ !m n1 ?\gh !y speak !e fair4 ,& und]/ood 9 ?is s5se1 ! words co9cide ) :at is told u 9 ! ,gospel ( ! attempt ( our ,"l's ne>e/ k9 to arre/ ! progress ( ,8 ,div9e mission1 :5 ,8 "m & ,8 bre?r5 /&+ )\t1 s5t unto ,him1 call+ ,him 7,/4 ,m>k iii4 #ca74 ,! lesson = ourselves is pla94 ,! man :o li/5s to ! ,div9e call1 & makes ,god 8 portion1 mu/ be prep>$ to surr5d] ev]y?+ else4 ,he mu/ be prep>$1 n only to r5\nce mu* :i* ! _w acc\nts good2 he mu/ be prep>$ = all k9ds ( opposition1 passive & active1 tacit & av[$2 he may ev5 f9d1 l ,j]emiah1 t 8 foes are ! memb]s ( 8 own h\sehold 7,/4 ,matt4 x4 #cf74 ,&1 l ! prophet1 8 acceptance ( ! ,div9e call b9ds him to close 8 e>s aga9/ entreaties & flatt]ies1 aga9/ mock]y & m5ace2 & to act ^u 8 ,ma/]'s ^w3 ,if any man w\ld come aft] ,me1 let him d5y himself1 & take up 8 cross1 & foll[ ,me4 ,= :osoev] w\ld save 8 life %all lose x2 & :osoev] %all lose 8 life = ,my sake & ! gospel's %all save x 7,/4 ,m>k viii4 #cd sq474 ,if any man come unto ,me1 & hate n 8 fa!r & "m & wife & *ildr5 & bre?r5 & si/]s1 yea & 8 own life also1 he _c be ,my disciple 7,/4 ,luke xiv4 #bf74 ,a great prize is wor? a great risk2 & et]nal life is a prize inf9itely great4 ,x is !re=e wor? ! haz>d & ! sacrifice ( all 7,/4 ,luke xviii4 #bi sq474 ,! section :i* foll[s 7vv4 #g-ag7 has be5 suppos$ to belong to ! "t ( ,jehoiakim1 & consequ5tly to be out ( place "h1 hav+ be5 transpos$ f its orig9al context1 because ! peculi> ,hebrew t]m :i* is r5d]$ de>ly belov$ 7v]4 #g71 is ak9 to ! t]m r5d]$ ,my belov$1 *ap4 xi4 #ae4 ,b ?is supposition dep5ds on ! assumption t ! hi/orical basis ( ! section is to be f\nd 9 ! passage #b ,k+s xxiv4 #b1 :i* relates briefly t 9 ,jehoiakim's "t plund]+ b&s ( ,*aldeans1 ,syrians1 ,moabites & ,ammonites ov]ran ! c\ntry4 ,! prophecy conc]n+ ,iahvah's evil neighb\rs is und]/ood to ref] to ^! m>aud+ inroads1 & is accord+ly suppos$ to h be5 utt]$ betwe5 ! eigh? & ! elev5? ye>s ( ,jehoiakim 7,hitzig74 ,x has1 h[ev]1 be5 po9t$ out 7,naegelsba*7 t ! prophet does n once "n ! ,*aldeans 9 ! pres5t disc\rse2 :i* he inv>iably does 9 all disc\rses subsequ5t to ! decisive battle ( ,c>*emi% 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 :i* gave ! ,*aldeans ! sov]eignty ( ,we/]n ,asia4 ,?is disc\rse mu/1 !re=e1 be ( e>li] date1 & belong ei!r to ! fir/ ye>s ( ,jehoiakim1 or to ! "t imm$iately subsequ5t to ! eighte5? ( ,josiah4 ,! hi/ory z pres]v$ 9 ,k+s & ,*ronicles is s incomplete1 t we are n b\nd to connect ! ref]5ce to evil neighb\rs ) :at is s summ>ily told 9 #b ,k+s xxiv4 #b4 ,!re may h be5 o!r occasions :5 ,judah's jeal\s & wat*ful enemies pr(it$ by h] int]nal weakness & diss5sions to invade & ravage ! l&2 & ?r\gh\t ! :ole p]iod ! c\ntry 0 expos$ to ! dang] ( plund]+ raids by ! wild nomads ( ! ea/]n & s\!rn bord]s4 ,x is possible1 h[ev]1 t vv4 #ad-ag are a lat] po/script1 add$ by ! prophet :5 he wrote 8 book 9 ! fif? or six? ye> ( ,jehoiakim 7xxxvi4 #i1 #cb74 ,!re is1 9 reality1 a close connexion ( ?\ght betwe5 v]4 #g sqq4 & :at prec$es4 ,! relations ( ! prophet to 8 own family are made to symbolise ! relations ( ,iahvah to ,8 rebelli\s p2 j z a =m] prophet f9ds 9 8 own m]ciful treatm5t ( a fai?less wife a p>able ( ,iahvah's deal+s ) fai?less ,israel4 ,i h =sak5 ,my h\se1 ,i h ca/ away ,my doma92 ,i h giv5 ,my s\l's love into ! grasp ( h] foes4 ,my doma9 ha? become to ,me l ! lion 9 ! wood2 %e ha? giv5 utt]ance ) h] voice aga9/ ,me2 !re=e ,i hate h]4 ,x is ,iahvah :o /ill speaks1 z 9 v]4 #f2 ! h\se is ,8 holy h\se1#dh ! temple2 ! doma9 is ,8 doma91 ! l& ( ,judah2 ,8 s\l's love1 is ! ,jewi% p4 ,yet ! expressions1 my h\se1 my doma91 my s\l's love1 equally suit ! prophet's own family & _! e/ate2 ! m5tion ( ! lion 9 ! wood & its ?reat5+ ro>1 & ! enmity provok$ !reby1 recalls :at 0 said ab\t ! wilds ( ! ,jordan 9 v]4 #e1 & ! full outcry ( 8 k9dr$ aft] ! prophet 9 v]4 #f2 & ! solemn words ,i h =sak5 ,m9e h\se1 ,i h ca/ away ,my doma9 444 ,i hate h]1 cle>ly correspond ) ! s5t5ce ( de/ruction ^u ,ana?o?1 *4 xi4 #ba sqq4 ,! d\ble ref]5ce ( ! language becomes intelligible :5 we rememb] t 9 reject+ ,8 mess5g]s1 ,israel1 nay mank9d1 rejects ,god2 & t words & de$s done & utt]$ by ,div9e au?ority may be ascrib$ directly to ,god ,himself4 ,& reg>d$ 9 ! light ( ! prophet's commission to pluck up & to break d[n1 & to de/roy & to ov]?r[1 to build & to plant nations & k+doms 7i4 #aj71 all t is "h said may be tak5 to be ! prophet's own deliv]ance conc]n+ 8 c\ntry4 ,?is1 at all ev5ts1 is ! case ) v]ses #ab1 #ac4 ,:at6 d ,i see my doma9 7all7 vultures 7&7 hy5as8#di ,are vultures all ar\nd h]8 ,g ye1 assemble all ! bea/s ( ! field6 ,br+ !m to dev\r 7v]4 #i74 ,! que/ions express a/oni%m5t at an unlook$-= & unwelcome spectacle4 ,! loss ( ,div9e fav\r has expos$ ,judah to ! active ho/ility ( man2 & h] neighb\rs eag]ly fall ^u h]1 l birds & bea/s ( prey1 sw>m+ ov] a helpless qu>ry4 ,x is--s ! prophet puts x--x is z if a proclamation _h gone =? to ! wolves & jackals ( ! des]t1 bidd+ !m come & dev\r ! fall5 c>case4#ej ,9 ano!r oracle he speaks ( ! hea!n z dev\r+ ,jacob 7x4 #be74 ,! p ( ,iahvah are _! natural prey 7,ps4 xiv4 #d3 :o eat up ,my p z !y eat bread72 b !y are n suff]$ to dev\r !m1 until !y h =feit$ ,8 protection4 ,! image is n[ ex*ang$ = ano!r1 :i* approximates m ne>ly to ! fact p\rtray$4 ,_m %eph]ds h m>r$ ,my v9ey>d2 !y h trodd5 d[n ,my portion2 !y h turn$ ,my pleasant portion into a desolate wild]ness4 ,he 7! foe1 ! in/rum5t ( ?is ru97 ha? made x a desolation2 x m\rne? aga9/ ,me1 be+ desolate2 desolat$ is all ! l&1 = !re is no man t give? he$ 7vv4 #aj1 #aa74 ,z 9 an e>li] disc\rse1 *4 vi4 #c1 ! invad]s are n[ comp>$ to hordes ( nomad %eph]ds1 :o ent] ! l& ) _! flocks & h]ds1 & make havoc ( ! crops & pa/ures4 ,f "t immemorial ! w&]+ ,b$awis h be5 a t]ror to ! settl$ peasantry ( ! ,ea/1 ^: way ( life !y despise z ignoble & unwor?y ( free m54 ,( ?is traditional enmity we p]haps he> a f>-(f e*o 9 ! /ory ( ,ca9 ! till] ( ! gr\nd & ,abel ! keep] ( %eep2 & c]ta9ly 9 ! /atem5t t e %eph]d 0 an abom9ation unto ! ,egyptians 7,g54 xlvi4 #cd74 ,! picture ( utt] desolat5ess1 :i* ! prophet sugge/s by a f\rfold repetition1 is probably sket*$ f a sc5e :i* he _h himself witness$2 if x be n r a repres5tation ( ! actual condition ( ! c\ntry at ! "t ( 8 writ+4 ,t ! latt] is ! case might naturally be inf]r$ f a consid]ation ( ! :ole passage2 & ! twelf? v]se seems to l5d mu* support to ?is view3 ,ov] all b>e hills 9 ! wild]ness h come ravag]s2 = ,iahvah ha? a dev\r+ sword3 f l&'s end to l&'s end no fle% ha? peace4#ea ,! language inde$ recalls t ( *4 iv4 #aj1 #aa2 & ! entire description might be tak5 z an ideal picture ( ! ru9 t mu/ ensue ^u ,iahvah's rejection ( ! l& & p1 especially if ! clos+ v]ses 7#ad-ag7 be consid]$ z a lat] addition to ! prophecy1 made 9 ! light ( accompli%$ facts4 ,b1 ^u ! :ole1 x w\ld seem to be m probable t ! prophet is "h read+ ! moral ( pres5t or rec5t exp]i5ce4 ,he affirms 7v]4 #aa7 t ! affliction ( ! c\ntry is really a puni%m5t = ! religi\s bl9dness ( ! nation3 !re is no man t laye? to he>t ! ,div9e tea*+ ( ev5ts z int]pret$ by himself 7cf4 v]4 #d74 ,! fact t we are unable1 9 ! scant9ess ( ! records ( ! "t1 to specify ! p>ticul> tr\bles to :i* allusion is made1 is no great objection to ?is view1 :i* is at lea/ effectively illu/rat$ by ! brief /atem5t ( #b ,k+s xxiv4 #b4 ,! reflexion app5d$ 9 v]4 #ac po9ts 9 ! same direction3 ,!y h s[n :eat1 & h reap$ ?orns2 !y h put !mselves to pa9 7or1 exhau/$ !mselves7 )\t pr(it1 7or1 made !mselves sick ) unpr(itable toil72 & !y are a%am$ ( _!#eb produce 7+a!r+s71 ?r\gh ! heat ( ! wra? ( ,iahvah4 ,:5 ! enemy _h ravag$ ! crops1 ?orns w\ld naturally spr+ up on ! wa/$ l&s2 & ! heat ( ! wra? ( ,iahvah appe>s to h be5 fur!r manife/$ 9 a p>*+ dr\ght1 :i* ru9$ :at ! enemy _h left unt\*$ 7v]4 #d1 *4 xiv474 ,?us1 !n1 ,j]emiah receives ! answ] to 8 d\bts 9 a pa9fully visible demon/ration ( :at ! wra? ( ,iahvah means4 ,x means dr\ght & fam9e2 x means ! exposure ( ! c\ntry1 nak$ & def5celess1 to ! w ( rapaci\s & v9dictive enemies4 ,= ,iahvah's wrongs are f> deep] & m bitt] ?an ! prophet's4 ,! misde$s ( individuals are light] 9 ! balance ?an ! s9s ( a nation2 ! trea*]y ( a few p]sons on a p>ticul> occasion is z no?+ beside ! fai?lessness ( _m g5]ations4 ,! p>tial evils1 !re=e1 "u :i* ! c\ntry groans1 c only be tak5 z indications ( a f> m complete & t]rible de/ruction res]v$ = f9al imp5it5ce4 ,! p]ception ( ?is tru?1 we may suppose1 suffic$ = ! "t to sil5ce ! prophet's compla9ts2 & 9 ! revulsion ( feel+ inspir$ by ! awful vision ( ! unimp$$ outbreak ( ,div9e wra?1 he utt]s an oracle conc]n+ 8 c\ntry's de/roy]s1 9 :i* retributive ju/ice is temp]$ by compassion & m]cy4 ,?us ha? ,jehovah said1 ,^u all ,m9e evil neighb\rs1 :o t\* ! h]itage :i* ,i caus$ ,my p ,israel to inh]it3 ,lo ,i am ab\t to uproot 7i4 #aj7 !m f (f _! own l&1 & ! h\se ( ,judah w ,i uproot f _! mid/4 ,& aft] ,i h uproot$ !m1 ,i w h compassion on !m aga91 & w re/ore !m ea* to _! own h]itage & _! own l&4 ,& if !y truly le>n ! ways ( ,my p1 to swe> by ,my "n1 'z ,iahvah live?6' ev5 z !y taught ,my p to swe> by ! ,baal2 !y %all be rebuilt 9 ! mid/ ( ,my p4 ,& if !y w n he>1 ,i w uproot t nation1 utt]ly & fatally2 x is an oracle ( ,iahvah 7#ad-ag74 ,! prec$+ section 7vv4 #g-ad71 z we h se51 rapidly yet vividly sket*es ! calamities :i* h ensu$ & mu/ fur!r ensue ^u ! ,div9e des]tion ( ! c\ntry4 ,iahvah has =sak5 ! l&1 left h] nak$ to h] enemies1 = h] causeless1 caprici\s1 ?ankless revolt aga9/ h] ,div9e ,"l4 ,9 ?is =lorn1 def5celess condition1 all mann] ( evils befall h]2 ! v9ey>ds & cornfields are ravag$1 ! goodly l& is desolat$1 by hordes ( savage freeboot]s p\r+ 9 f ! ea/]n des]ts4 ,^! invad]s are call$ ,iahvah's evil neighb\rs2 an expression :i* implies1 n individuals b&$ toge!r = purposes ( brig&age1 b ho/ile nations4#ec ,^u ^! nations also w ! ju/ice ( ,god be v9dicat$2 = t ju/ice is univ]sal 9 its op]ation1 & _c !re=e be re/rict$ to ,israel4 ,judgm5t mu/ beg9 at ! h\se ( ,god2 b x w n end !re4 ,! evil neighb\rs1 ! surr\nd+ hea!n k+doms1 h be5 ,iahvah's in/rum5ts = ! *a/isem5t ( ,8 rebelli\s p2 b !y are n on t acc\nt exempt$ f recomp5se4 ,!y too mu/ reap :at !y h s[n4 ,!y h insult$ ,iahvah1 by violat+ ,8 t]ritory2 !y h indulg$ _! malice & trea*]y & rapacity1 9 utt] disreg>d ( ! rights ( neighb\rs1 & ! moral claims ( k9dr$ peoples4 ,z !y h done1 s %all x be done unto !m3 4 ,!y h laid h&s on ! possessions ( _! neighb\r1 & _! own %all be tak5 f !m2 ,i am ab\t to uproot !m f (f _! own l& 7cf4 ,amos i4 #c-;ii4 #c74 ,& n only s1 b ! h\se ( ,judah w ,i pluck up f _! mid/4 ,! ,"l's p %all be no m expos$ to _! unneighb\rly ill-w2 ! butt ( _! ridicule1 ! victim ( _! malice1 w be remov$ to a =eign soil z well z !y2 b oppress$ & oppressors w no long] be toge!r2 _! new settlem5ts w lie f> ap>t2 "u ! alt]$ /ate ( ?+s1 "u ! %ad[ ( ! great conqu]or ( ! future1 !re w be no opportunity = ! old injuri\s deal+s4 ,all alike1 ,judah & ! enemies ( ,judah1 w be subject to ! w ( ! =eign "l4 ,b t is n ! end4 ,! ,judge ( all ! e>? is m]ciful z well z j4 ,he is lo? to blot :ole peoples out ( exi/5ce1 ev5 ?\gh !y h m]it$ de/ruction by griev\s & prolong$ transgression ( ,8 laws4 ,!re=e bani%m5t w be foll[$ by re/oration1 n 9 ! case ( ,judah only1 b ( all ! expatriat$ peoples4 ,aft] endur+ ! ,div9e probation ( adv]sity1 !y w be br\ght aga91 by ! ,div9e compassion1 ea* to _! own h]itage & _! own l&4 ,& !n1 if !y w pr(it by ! tea*+ ( ,iahvah's prophets1 & le>n ! ways1 t is1 ! religion ( ,8 p1 mak+ _! supreme appeal to ,iahvah1 z ! f\nta9 ( all tru? & ! sovran v9dicator ( "r & ju/ice1 z hi!rto !y h appeal$ to ! ,baal1 & misl$ ,israel into ! same pr(ane & futile c\rse2 !n !y %all be built up1 or rebuilt1 or br\ght to great & ev]-gr[+ prosp]ity1 9 ! mid/ ( ,my p4 ,su* is to be ! bless+ ( ! ,g5tiles2 !y %all %>e 9 ! glori\s future t awaits rep5tant ,israel4 ,! pres5t condition ( ?+s is to be completely rev]s$3 n[ ,judah soj\rns 9 _! mid/2 !n !y w be surr\nd$ on e side by ! emancipat$ & triumphant p ( ,god3 n[ !y beset ,judah ) jeal\sies1 suspicions1 enmities2 !n ,judah w embrace !m all ) ! arms ( an unselfi% & protect+ love4 ,a la/ ^w ( w>n+ is add$4 ,! doom ( ! nation t w n accept ! ,div9e tea*+ w be utt] & absolute ext]m9ation4 ,! =eca/ is pla9ly ( a ,messianic nature2 x recognises 9 ,iahvah ! ,savi\r1 n ( a nation1 b ( ! _w4 ,x p]ceives t ! disunion & mutual hatr$ ( peoples1 z ( individuals1 is a brea* ( ,div9e law2 & x proclaims a g5]al return to ,god1 & submission to ,8 guidance 9 all political z well z private affairs1 z ! sole cure = ! numb]less evils t fl[ f t hatr$ & disunion4 ,x is only :5 m5 h le>nt t ,god is _! common ,fa!r & ,"l1 t !y come to see ) ! cle>ness & =ce ( practical conviction t !y !mselves are all memb]s ( "o family1 b\nd z su* to mutual (fices ( k9dness & *>ity2 x is only :5 !re is a consci\s id5tity ( int]e/ ) all our fell[s1 bas$ ^u ! recognition t all alike are *ildr5 ( ,god & heirs ( et]nal life1 t true fre$om & univ]sal bro!rhood become possible = man4 ,,footnotes3 #db ,b p]haps x is r ! prophet's love = 8 p1 :i* f]v5tly prays t ! oa? ( bless+ may be obs]v$1 & ,judah ma9ta9$ 9 ! goodly l&4 #dc ,hitzig suppos$ t ! v[s & hall[$ fle% 7 ?ank-(f]+s = ! dep>ture ( ! ,scy?ians4 ,x is pla9 t ! p are really pres5t 9 ! temple2 !y br+1 presumably aft] ! retreat ( ! ,scy?ians1 ! (f]+s v[$ at t "t4 ,b1 consid]+ ! context1 ! ref]5ce appe>s to be m g5]al4 ,i h p>tly foll[$ ! ,,lxx4 9 em5d+ an obvi\sly corrupt v]se2 ! only "o 9 ! *ap4 :i* pres5ts any textual difficulty4 ,read3 4 ,! article ) a n\n ) suffix1 & ! peculi> =m ( ! #b p]s4 pron4 f41 are f\nd else:]e 9 ,j]4 ,b ,i incl9e to correct fur!r ?us3 ,:at avail to ,my belov$ is h] deal+ 7or sacrific+3 #b ,k+s xvii4 #cb7 9 ,my h\se8 4 ,c ! _m alt>s 7v]4 #ac7 & hall[$ fle% cause ?9e evil to pass away f !e 7or pass !e by78 ,?is seems v apposite to :at prec$es4 ,! ,hebrew1 z x /&s1 _c possibly mean :at we read bo? 9 ! ,a4 ,v4 & ,r4 ,v41 nor inde$ any?+ else4 #dd ,read+ 1 ) ,hitzig1 in/ead ( 1 :i* is mean+less4 ,deut4 xxxiv4 #g2 ,ezek4 xxi4 #c4 ,p]haps x w\ld be bett] to keep all ! lett]s1 & po9t 1 und]/&+ z collective1 ! trees4 #de ,n a vocative3 xx4 #ab1 xvii4 #aj4 #df ,t ! swell+ or ! pride ( ,jordan %\ld r be read ! wilds or jungles ( ,jordan1 is cle> f xlix4 #ai2 ,ze*4 xi4 #c2 quot$ by ,hitzig4 means gr[?1 ov]gr[?1 among o!r ?+s2 & ! ,heb4 phrase co9cides ) ! ( ,josephus 7,bell4 ,jud41 vii4 #f1 #e74 #dg ,! =m ( ! ,heb4 v]bs implies ! c]ta9ty ( ! ev5t4 ,hitzig supposes t v]4 #f simply expla9s ! expression l& ( peace 9 v]4 #e4 ,at ,ana?o? ! prophet 0 at home2 if he ran away 7read+ flee/ = art confid5t7 !re1 :at w\ld he d1 :5 he _h gone =? z a %eep among wolves 7,/4 ,luke x4 #c78 ,b ,i ?9k x is mu* bett] to reg>d v]4 #f z expla9+ ! :ole ( v]4 #e 9 ! mann] sugge/$ above4 #dh ,or p]haps r ! holy l& itself1 z ,hitzig sugge/$3 ,hos4 ix4 #ae4 #di ,lit4 ,is my doma9 vultures1 hy5as1 to me8 ,! dative expresses ! int]e/ ( ! speak] 9 ! fact 7dat4 e?ic474 ,! ,heb4 t]m only occurs "h4 ,x is ! ,arabic dhabu1 hy5a 7s ,sept474 ,/4 ,j]ome r5d]s avis discolor4 ,s ! ,t>gum3 a /rewn spr9kl$1 or spott$ f[l4 #ej ,! ref]5ces to birds ( prey1 bea/s ( ! field1 & spoil]s 7v]4 #ab71 are int]pret$ by ! phrase m9e evil neighb\rs 7v]4 #ad72 & ?is con/itutes a l9k betwe5 vv4 #g-ad & #ad-ag4 #ea ,su* seems to be ! be/ punctuation ( ! s5t5ce4 ,x involves ! transf] ( ,a?na* to 4 #eb ,s ! ,,lxx4 ,?is agrees bett] ) ! context ?an ,s be ye a%am$ ( y\r fruits4 #ec ,z ,hitzig has obs]v$1 only a p1 or a k+1 or a national god1 c\ld be spok5 ( z a neighb\r to ! ,god ( ,israel4 ,,viii4 ,,! ,,fall ,,( ,,pride4 ,,j]emiah xiii4 ,?is disc\rse is a sort ( app5dix to ! prec$+2 z is indicat$ by its abrupt & brief beg9n+ ) ! words ,?us said ,iahvah unto me1 )\t ! addition ( any m>k ( "t1 or o!r det]m9+ circum/ance4 ,x pr$icts captivity1 9 retribution = ! pride & +ratitude ( ! p2 & ?us suitably foll[s ! clos+ section ( ! la/ address1 :i* ann\nces ! com+ deportation ( ,judah & h] evil neighb\rs4 ,! recurr5ce "h 7v]4 #i7 ( ! peculi> t]m r5d]$ swell+ or pride 9 our ,engli% v]sions 7*4 xii4 #e71 po9ts to ! same conclusion4 ,we may subdivide x ?us3 ,x pres5ts u ) 7i7 a symbolical action1 or act$ p>able1 ) its moral & application 7vv4 #a-aa72 7ii7 a p>abolic say+ & its int]pretation1 :i* leads up to a pa!tic appeal = p5it5ce 7vv4 #ab-ag72 7iii7 a message to ! sov]eigns 7vv4 #ah1 #ai72 & 7iv7 a clos+ apo/rophe to ,j]usalem--! gay & guilty capital1 s soon to be made desolate = h] ab\nd+ s9s 7vv4 #bj-bg74 ,9 ! fir/ ( ^! f\r sections1 we are told h[ ! prophet 0 bidd5 ( ,god to buy a l95 girdle1 & aft] we>+ x = a "t1 to bury x 9 a cleft ( ! rock at a place ^: v "n might be tak5 to symbolize ! doom await+ 8 p4 ,a long :ile aft]w>ds he 0 ord]$ to g & dig x up aga91 & f\nd x altoge!r spoil$ & useless4 ,! significance ( ^! proce$+s is cle>ly en\gh expla9$4 ,! relation betwe5 ,israel & ! ,god ( ,israel _h be5 ( ! close/ k9d4 ,iahvah _h *os5 ?is p1 & b\nd x to ,himself by a cov5ant1 z a man might b9d a girdle ab\t 8 body2 & z ! girdle is an ornam5t ( dress1 s _h ! ,"l int5d$ ,israel to display ,8 glory among m5 7v]4 #aa74 ,b n[ ! girdle is rott52 & l t rott5 girdle w ,he cause ! pride ( ,judah to rot & p]i% 7vv4 #i1 #aj74 ,x is natural to ask1 :e!r ,j]emiah really did z he relates2 or :e!r ! n>rative ab\t ! girdle be simply a lit]>y device int5d$ to c>ry a lesson home to ! dulle/ appreh5sion4 ,if ! prophet's activity _h be5 conf9$ to ! p52 if he _h n be5 wont to lab\r by ^w & de$ = ! atta9m5t ( 8 purposes2 ! latt] alt]native might be accept$4 ,= m]e read]s1 a p>abolic n>rative might suffice to en=ce 8 mean+4 ,b ,j]emiah1 :o 0 all 8 life a man ( action1 probably did ! ?+ he pr(esses to h done1 n 9 ?\ght nor 9 ^w only1 b 9 de$ & to ! k ( c]ta9 compet5t witnesses4 ,!re 0 no?+ novel 9 ?is me?od ( attract+ att5tion1 & giv+ great] =ce & impressiv5ess to 8 pr$iction4 ,! old] prophets _h (t5 done ! same k9d ( ?+s1 on ! pr9ciple t de$s may be m effective ?an words4 ,:at c\ld h convey$ a m vivid s5se ( ! ,div9e int5tion1 ?an ! simple act ( ,ahijah ! ,%ilonite1 :5 he sudd5ly caught away ! new mantle ( ,solomon's (fic]1 & r5t x into twelve pieces1 & said to ! a/oni%$ c\rti]1 ,take !e t5 pieces6 = ?us said ,iahvah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 ,behold ,i am ab\t to r5d ! k+dom out ( ! h& ( ,solomon1 & w give ! t5 tribes to !e8 7#a ,k+s xi4 #bi sqq47 ,9 l mann]1 :5 ,ahab & ,jeho%aphat1 dress$ 9 _! robes ( /ate1 sat en?ron$ 9 ! gateway ( ,sam>ia1 & all ! prophets 7 prophesy+ be=e !m ab\t ! issue ( _! jo9t exp$ition to ,ramo?-gilead1 ,z$ekiah1 ! son ( a ,canaanitess--z ! writ] is c>eful to add ( ?is false prophet--made him horns ( iron & said1 ,?us said ,iahvah1 ,) ^! %alt ?\ butt ! ,arameans1 until ?\ make an end ( !m 7#a ,k+s xxii4 #aa74 ,isaiah1 ,hosea1 & ,ezekiel1 record simil> actions ( symbolical import4 ,isaiah = a "t walk$ half-clad & b>efoot1 z a sign t ! ,egyptians & ,e?iopians1 ^u :om ,judah 0 incl9$ to lean1 w\ld be l$ away captive1 9 ?is com=tless guise1 by ! k+ ( ,assyria 7,isa4 xx474 ,su* actions may be reg>d$ z a fur!r developm5t ( ^? significant ge/ures1 ) :i* m5 9 :at is call$ a /ate ( nature are wont to give emphasis & precision to _! spok5 ideas4 ,!y may also be comp>$ ) ! symbolism ( anci5t law4 ,an anci5t conveyance1 we are told1 0 n writt5 b act$4 ,ge/ures & words took ! place ( writt5 te*nical phraseology1 & any =mula mispron\nc$1 or symbolical act omitt$1 w\ld h vitiat$ ! proce$+ z fatally z a mat]ial mi/ake 9 /at+ ! uses or sett+ out ! rema9d]s w\ld1 two hundr$ ye>s ago1 h vitiat$ an ,engli% de$4 7,ma9e1 ,anci5t ,law1 p4 #bgf47 ,actions ( a purely symbolical nature surprise u1 :5 we fir/ enc\nt] !m 9 ,religion or ,law1 b t is only because !y are survivals4 ,9 ! ages :5 !y orig9at$1 !y 7 famili> occurr5ces 9 all transactions betwe5 man & man4 ,& ?is g5]al consid]ation t5ds to prove t ^? expositors are wrong :o ma9ta9 t ! prophets did n really p]=m ! symbolical actions ( :i* !y speak4 ,j z x is argu$ t ! visions :i* !y describe1 are m]ely a lit]>y device2 s ! reality ( ^! symbolical actions has ne$lessly en\gh be5 call$ 9 "q4 ,! le>n$ ,jews ,ab5ezra & ,maimonides 9 ! twelf? c5tury1 & ,david ,kim*i 9 ! ?irte5?1 7 ! fir/ to affirm ?is op9ion4 ,maimonides held t all su* actions pass$ 9 vision be=e ! prophets2 a view :i* has f\nd a mod]n advocate 9 ,h5g/5b]g3 & ,/udl91 9 ! la/ c5tury1 affirm$ t !y _h nei!r an objective nor a subjective reality1 b 7 simply a lit]>y device4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is only true1 if true at all1 ( ! decl9+ p]iod ( prophecy1 z 9 ! case ( ! visions4 ,9 ! e>li] p]iod1 :ile ! prophets 7 /ill accu/om$ to an oral deliv]y ( _! disc\rses1 we may be q sure t !y suit$ ! action to ! ^w 9 ! way t !y h !mselves record$2 9 ord] to /ir ! popul> imag9ation1 & to create a m vivid & la/+ impression4 ,! n>ratives ( ! hi/orical books leave no d\bt ab\t ! matt]4 ,b 9 lat] times1 :5 spok5 addresses _h = ! mo/ "p become a ?+ ( ! pa/1 & :5 prophets publi%$ _! convictions 9 manuscript1 x is possible t !y 7 cont5t ) ! description ( symbolical do+s1 z a sort ( p>able1 )\t any actual p]=mance ( !m4 ,j]emiah's hid+ 8 girdle 9 a cleft ( ! rock at ,euphrates has be5 reg>d$ by "s writ]s z an in/ance ( su* purely ideal symbolism4 ,& c]ta9ly x is difficult to suppose t ! prophet made ! long & ardu\s j\rney f ,j]usalem to ! ,great ,riv] = su* a purpose4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a highly probable conjecture t ! place :i!r he 0 direct$ to repair 0 mu* ne>] home2 ! addition ( a s+le lett] to ! "n r5d]$ ,euphrates gives ! f> pref]able read+ ,ephra?1 t is to say1 ,be?lehem 9 ,judah 7,g54 xlviii4 #g74 ,j]emiah may v well h buri$ 8 girdle at ,be?lehem1 a place only five miles or s to ! s\? ( ,j]usalem2 a place1 moreov]1 :]e he w\ld h no tr\ble 9 f9d+ a cleft ( ! rock1 :i* w\ld h>dly be ! case ^u ! alluvial banks ( ! ,euphrates4 ,if n accid5tal1 ! diff]5ce may be due to ! int5tional employm5t ( an unusual =m ( ! "n1 by way ( h9t+ at ! s\rce :5ce ! ru9 ( ,judah 0 to fl[4 ,! enemy f ! nor? 7v]4 #bj7 is ( c\rse ! ,*aldeans4 ,! m5tion ( ! que5-"m 7v]4 #ah7 along ) ! k+ appe>s to po9t unmi/akably to ! reign ( ,jehoia*9 or ,je*oniah4 ,! allusion is comp>$ ) ! ?reat ( *4 xxii4 #bf3 ,i w ca/ !e out1 & ?y "m t b>e !e into ano!r c\ntry4 ,l ,josiah1 ?is k+ 0 b eight ye>s old :5 he began to reign 7#b ,*ron4 xxxvi4 #i1 aft] :i* #b ,k+s xxiv4 #h mu/ be correct$72 & he _h enjoy$ ! "n ( k+ only = ! brief p]iod ( ?ree mon?s1 :5 ! ?und]bolt fell1 & ,nebu*adrezz> began 8 fir/ siege ( ,j]usalem4 ,! boy-k+ c h>dly h _h mu* to d ) ! issue ( affairs1 :5 he & 8 "m & 8 s]vants & 8 pr9ces & 8 eunu*s surr5d]$ ! city1 & 7 deport$ to ,babylon1 ) t5 ?\s& ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #ab sqq474 ,! date ( our disc\rse w ?us be ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> ,b4,c4 #eii1 :i* 0 ! eigh? ye> ( ,nebu*adrezz> 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #ab74 ,x is ass]t$1 inde$1 t ! difficult v]se #ba ref]s to ! revolt f ,babylon z an accompli%$ fact2 b ?is is by no means cle> f ! v]se itself4 ,:at wilt ?\ say1 dem&s ! prophet1 :5 ,he %all appo9t ov] !e--albeit1 ?\ ?yself ha/ in/ruct$ !m aga9/ ?yself2--lov]s to be ?y head8 ,! t]m lov]s or lemans applies be/ to ! =eign idols1 :o w "o day repay ! fooli% atta*m5t ( ,iahvah's p by enslav+ x 7cf4 *4 iii4 #d1 :]e ,iahvah himself is call$ ! lov] ( ,judah's y\?ful days72 & ?is "q might z well h be5 ask$ 9 ! days ( ,josiah1 z at any lat] p]iod4 ,at v>i\s times 9 ! pa/ ,israel & ,judah _h c\rt$ ! fav\r ( =eign deities4 ,ahaz _h introduc$ ,aramean & ,assyrian novelties2 ,manasseh & ,amon _h reviv$ & aggravat$ 8 apo/asy4 ,ev5 ,hezekiah _h _h fri5dly deal+s ) ,babylon1 & we mu/ rememb] t 9 ^? times fri5dly int]c\rse ) a =eign p impli$ "s recognition ( _! gods1 :i* is probably ! true acc\nt ( ,solomon's *apels = ,tyrian & o!r deities4 ,! que5 ( v]4 #ah might conceivably be ,j$idah1 ! "m ( ,josiah1 = t k+ 0 only eight at 8 accession1 & only ?irty-n9e at 8 dea? 7#b ,k+s xxii4 #a74 ,& ! message to ! sov]eigns 7v]4 #ah7 is n c\*$ 9 t]ms ( disrespect nor ( reproa*3 x simply decl>es ! imm95ce ( ov]:elm+ disa/]1 & bids !m lay aside _! royal pomp1 & behave z m\rn]s = ! com+ woe4 ,su* words might p]haps h be5 address$ to ,josiah & 8 "m1 by way ( deep5+ ! impression produc$ by ! ,book ( ! ,law1 & ! rum\r$ invasion ( ! ,scy?ians4 ,b ! ?reat aga9/ ! k+s t sit on ,david's ?rone 7v]4 #ac7 is h>dly suitable on ?is supposition2 & ! ru?less tone ( ?is "p ( ! address--,i w da% !m 9 pieces1 "o aga9/ ano!r1 bo? ! fa!rs & ! sons toge!r3 ,i w n pity1 nor sp>e1 nor rel5t f de/roy+ !m--consid]$ along ) ! emphatic pr$iction ( an utt] & entire captivity 7v]4 #ai71 seems to indicate a lat] p]iod ( ! prophet's m9i/ry1 :5 ! obduracy ( ! p _h reveal$ m fully ! hopelessness ( 8 ent]prise = _! salvation4 ,! m5tion ( ! enemy f ! nor? w !n be a ref]5ce to pres5t circum/ances ( p]il1 z triumphantly v9dicat+ ! prophet's =m] m5aces ( de/ruction f t qu>t]4 ,! c>nage ( conque/ & ! c]ta9ty ( exile are "h ?reat5$ 9 ! pla9e/ & mo/ direct /yle2 b no?+ is said by way ( height5+ ! popul> t]ror ( ! com+ de/roy]4 ,! prophet seems to take x = grant$ t ! nature ( ! evil :i* hangs ov] _! heads1 is well kn[n to ! p1 & does n ne$ to be dwelt ^u or amplifi$ ) ! lyric f]v\r ( =m] utt]ances 7see *4 iv41 v4 #ae sqq41 vi4 #bb sqq474 ,?is appe>s q natural1 if we suppose t ! fir/ invasion ( ! ,*aldeans 0 n[ a ?+ ( ! pa/2 & t ! nation 0 await+ 9 trembl+ unc]ta9ty ! consequ5ces ( ,jehoiakim's brea* ( fai? ) 8 ,babylonian suz]a9 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 i4 #aj74 ,! prophecy may !re=e be assign$ ) "s confid5ce to ! %ort reign ( ,jehoia*91 to :i* p]haps ! %ort section1 *4 x4 #ag-be1 also belongs2 a date :i* h>monizes bett] ?an any o!r ) ! play on ! "n ,euphrates 9 ! op5+ ( ! *apt]4 ,x agrees1 too1 ) ! emphatic ,iahvah ha? spok56 7v]4 #ae71 :i* seems to be m ?an a m]e ass]tion ( ! speak]'s v]acity1 & to po9t r to ! fact t ! c\rse ( ev5ts _h rea*$ a crisis2 t some?+ _h occurr$ 9 ! political _w1 :i* sugge/$ imm95t dang]2 t a black cl\d 0 loom+ up on ! national horizon1 & signall+ unmi/akably to ! prophet's eye ! int5tion ( ,iahvah4 ,:at o!r view s well expla9s ! solemn tone ( w>n+1 ! vivid appreh5sion ( dang]1 ! besee*+ t5d]ness1 t give s peculi> a /amp to ! ?ree v]ses 9 :i* ! address passes f n>rative & p>able1 to direct appeal8 ,he> ye & give e>3 be n pr\d3 = ,iahvah ha? spok56 ,give glory to ,iahvah y\r ,god--! glory ( confession1 ( av[+ y\r own guilt & ,8 p]fect righte\sness 7,jo%4 vii4 #ai2 ,/4 ,john ix4 #bd72 ( recognis+ ! due rew>d ( y\r de$s 9 ! de/ruction t ?reat5s y2 ! glory involv$ 9 ! cry1 ,god be m]ciful to me a s9n]6--,give glory to ,iahvah y\r ,god1 be=e ! d>kness fall1 & be=e y\r feet /umble ^u ! twilight m\nta9s2 & ye wait = dawn1 & ,he make x deepe/ gloom1 ,he turn x to utt] d>kness4 ,! day 0 decl9+2 ! ev5+ %ad[s 7 desc5d+ & deep5+2 soon ! hapless p w\ld be w&]+ bewild]$ 9 ! twilight1 & lo/ 9 ! d>kness1 unless1 ere x _h become too late1 !y w\ld yield _! pride1 & ?r[ !mselves ^u ! pity ( ,him :o make? ! sev5 />s & ,orion1 & turne? ! deepe/ gloom into ! morn+ 7,amos v4 #h74 ,! v]bal allusiv5ess ( ! op5+ section does n1 accord+ to ,ori5tal ta/e1 dim9i% ! solemnity ( ! speak]2 on ! contr>y1 x t5ds to deep5 ! impression produc$ by 8 words4 ,& p]haps !re is a psy*ological reason = ! fact1 beyond ! peculi> p>tiality ( ,ori5tal peoples = su* displays ( +5uity4 ,x is1 at all ev5ts1 rem>kable t ! greate/ ( all ma/]s ( human feel+ has n hesitat$ to make a dy+ pr9ce express 8 bitt] & despond+ ?\ghts 9 :at may seem an artificial toy+ & trifl+ ) ! sugge/iv5ess ( 8 own famili> "n2 & :5 ! k+ asks3 ,c sick m5 play s nicely ) _! names8 ! answ] is3 ,no1 mis]y makes sport to mock itself4 7,ri*4 ,,ii41 ,act #b1 ,sc4 i41 #gb sqq47 ,! ,greek trag$ian1 too1 9 ! e>ne/ness ( bitt] sport1 c f9d a prophecy 9 a "n4 ,:o 0 = nam+ h] ?us1 ) tru? s entire8 7,0 x ,"o :om we see n1 wield+ tongue happily ) full =esight ( :at 0 to be87 ! ,bride ( ,battles1 fi]cely conte/$ ,hel53 see+ t1 9 full accord ) h] "n1 hal] ( %ips1 hal] ( m51 hal] ( cities1 =? ( ! s(t & preci\s tape/ries away %e sail$1 "u ! gale ( ! giant ,we/ 7s*41 ,ag41 #fha sqq474 ,& s1 to ,j]emiah's e>1 ,ephra? is prophetic ( ,euphrates1 ^u ^: di/ant banks ! glory ( 8 p is to langui% & decay4 ,i to ,ephra?1 & y to ,phra?6 is 8 melan*oly cry4 ,_! doom is z c]ta9 z if x 7 ! m]e fulfilm5t ( an old-_w prophecy1 cry/alliz$ long ages ago 9 a famili> "n2 a ^w ( de/9y fix$ 9 ?is /range =m1 & be>+ its solemn witness f ! outset ( _! hi/ory until n[ conc]n+ ! inevitable goal4 ,!re is no?+ s v surpris+1 z ,ewald seems to h ?\ght1 9 ! sugge/ion t ! ,p]a? ( ! ,hebrew text may be ! same z ,ephra?4 ,b p]haps ! valley & spr+ n[ call$ ,furh 7or ,furt7 :i* lies at ab\t ! same di/ance ,n4,e4 ( ,j]usalem1 is ! place int5d$ by ! prophet4 ,! "n1 :i* means fre% or sweet wat] is id5tical ) ! ,arabic "n ( ! ,euphrates 7,furt1 ,arabic3 999971 :i* aga9 is philologically id5tical ) ! ,hebrew ,p]a?4 ,x is obvi\s t ?is place w\ld suit ! requirem5ts ( ! text q z well z ! o!r1 :ile ! co9cid5ce ( "n enables u to disp5se ) ! supposition ( an unusual =m or ev5 a corruption ( ! orig9al2 b ,furt or ,=h is n m5tion$ else:]e 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,! old v]sions s5d ! prophet to ! riv] ,euphrates1 :i* ,j]emiah calls simply ,! ,riv] 9 "o place 7ii4 #ah71 & ,! riv] ( ,p]a? 9 ?ree o!rs 7xlvi4 #b1 #f1 #aj72 :ile ! r>e ,p]a?1 )\t any addition1 is only f\nd 9 ! second acc\nt ( ! ,creation 7,g54 ii4 #ad71 9 #b ,*ron4 xxxv4 #bj1 & 9 a passage ( ?is book :i* does n belong1 nor pr(ess to belong1 to ,j]emiah 7li4 #fc74 ,we may1 !re=e1 conclude t ,p]a? 9 ! pres5t passage means n ! great riv] ( t "n1 b a place ne> ,j]usalem1 al?\gh t place 0 probably *os5 ) ! int5tion1 z above expla9$1 ( allud+ to ! ,euphrates4 ,i _c ass5t to ! op9ion :i* reg>ds ?is n>rative ( ! spoil$ girdle z f\nd$ ^u "s accid5tal exp]i5ce ( ! prophet's life1 9 :i* he aft]w>ds recognis$ a ,div9e lesson4 ,! precision ( /atem5t1 & ! nice adaptation ( ! details ( ! /ory to ! moral :i* ! prophet wi%$ to convey1 r indicate a symbolical c\rse ( action1 or :at may be call$ an act$ p>able4 ,! :ole proce$+ appe>s to h be5 c>efully ?\ght out be=eh&4 ,! intimate connexion betwe5 ,iahvah & ,israel is well symboliz$ by a girdle--t "p ( an ,ea/]n dress :i* cleaves to ! lo9s ( a man1 t is1 fits close/ to ! body1 & is mo/ securely atta*$ !reto4 ,& if ! nations be repres5t$ by ! re/ ( ! app>el1 z ! girdle secures & keeps t 9 its place1 we may see an implication t ,israel 0 int5d$ to be ! *a9 t b\nd mank9d to ,god4 ,! girdle 0 ( l951 ! mat]ial ( ! prie/ly dress1 n only because ,j]emiah 0 a prie/1 b because ,israel 0 call$ to be a k+dom ( prie/s1 or ! ,prie/ among nations 7,ex4 xix4 #f74 ,! significance ( ! comm& to we> ! girdle1 b n to put x into wat]1 seems to be cle> en\gh4 ,! unwa%$ g>m5t :i* ! prophet cont9ues to we> = a "t repres5ts ! f\lness ( ,israel2 j z ! ord] to bury x at ,p]a? indicates :at ,iahvah is ab\t to d ) ,8 pollut$ p4 ,! exposition beg9s ) ! words1 ,?us w ,i m> ! great pride ( ,judah & ( ,j]usalem6 ,! spiritual uncleanness ( ! nation consi/$ 9 ! pr\d self-w :i* turn$ a deaf e> to ! w>n+s ( ,iahvah's prophets1 & ob/9ately p]si/$ 9 idolatry 7v]4 #aj74 ,x cont9ues3 ,= z ! girdle cleave? to ! lo9s ( a man1 s made ,i ! :ole h\se ( ,israel & ! :ole h\se ( ,judah to cleave unto ,me1 sai? ,iahvah2 t !y might become to ,me = a p1 & = a "n1 & = a praise1 & = an ornam5t 7,ex4 xxviii4 #b74 ,!n _! becom+ morally unclean1 ?r\gh ! defilem5ts ( s91 is briefly impli$ 9 ! words1 ,& !y obey$ n 7v]4 #aa74 ,x is n ! pride ( ! tyrant k+ ,jehoiakim t is "h ?reat5$ ) de/ruction4 ,x is ! national pride :i* _h all along ev9c$ itself 9 rebellion aga9/ its heav5ly ,k+--! great pride ( ,judah & ,j]usalem2 & ?is pride1 inasmu* z x tru/$ 9 man & made fle% its arm 7xvii4 #e71 & boa/$ 9 a c>nal wisdom1 & mat]ial /r5g? & ri*es 7ix4 #bc1 xxi4 #ac71 0 to be br\ght l[ by ! complete ext9ction ( ! national autonomy1 & ! r$uction ( a high-spirit$ & haughty race to ! /atus ( humble dep5d5ts ^u a hea!n p[]4 #b4 ,a p>abolic say+ foll[s1 ) its int]pretation4 ,& say ?\ unto !m ?is ^w3 ,?us said ,iahvah1 ! ,god ( ,israel3 ,e j> is wont to be fill$ 7or %all be fill$7 ) w9e4 ,& if !y say unto !e1 ,are we really n aw>e t e j> is wont to be fill$ ) w9e8 say ?\ unto !m1 ,?us said ,iahvah1 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to fill all ! inhabitants ( ?is l&1 & ! k+s t sit = ,david ^u 8 ?rone1 & ! prie/s & ! prophets1 & all ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 ) drunk5ness2 & ,i w da% !m 9 pieces aga9/ "o ano!r1 & ! fa!rs & ! sons toge!r1 sai? ,iahvah3 ,i w n =be> nor sp>e nor pity1 s z n to m> !m 7cf4 vv4 #g1 #i74 ,! individual memb]s ( ! nation1 ( all ranks & classes1 are comp>$ to e>!nw>e j>s1 n sk9s1 z ! ,,lxx4 gives x1 = !y are to be da%$ 9 pieces1 l a pott]'s vessel 7,ps4 ii4 #i2 cf4 v]4 #ad74ed ,reg>d+ !m all z ripe = de/ruction1 ,j]emiah exclaims1 ,e j> is fill$ ) w9e1 9 ! ord9>y c\rse ( ?+s2 t is its de/9y4 ,8 he>]s answ] ) ! mock+ "q1 ,d y suppose t we don't "k t8 ,!y w\ld1 ( c\rse1 be aw>e t a prophet's figure1 h[ev] homely1 cov]$ an inn] mean+ ( s]i\s import2 b d]ision 0 _! fav\rite retort aga9/ unpopul> tru?s 7xvii4 #ae1 xx4 #g1 #h74 ,!y w\ld take x = grant$ t ! ?+ sugge/$ 0 unfav\rable1 f _! pa/ exp]i5ce ( ,j]emiah4 ,_! ill-tim$ bant] is met by ! in/ant application ( ! figure4 ,!y1 & ! k+s !n sitt+ on ,david's ?rone1 i4e41 ! "y ,jehoia*9 & ! que5-"m ,nehu%ta 7:o probably _h all ! au?ority if n ! title ( a reg5t71 & ! prie/s & prophets :o fatally misl$ !m by false tea*+s & false c\nsels1 are ! w9e-j>s int5d$1 & ! w9e t is to fill !m is ! w9e ( ! wra? ( ,god 7,ps4 lxxv4 #h2 ,j]4 xxv4 #ae2 cf4 li4 #g2 ,rev4 xvi4 #ai2 ,isa4 xix4 #ad1 #ae74 ,! effect is intoxication--a fatal bewild]m5t1 a helpless lack ( decision1 an utt] confusion & /upefaction ( ! faculties ( wisdom & =esight1 9 ! v mom5t ( supreme p]il 7cf4 ,isa4 xxviii4 #g2 ,ps4 lx4 #e74 ,l drunk>ds1 !y w reel aga9/ & ov]?r[ ea* o!r4 ,! /rong t]m ,i w da% !m 9 pieces is us$1 to indicate ! deadly nature ( _! fall1 & because ! prophet has /ill 9 8 m9d ! figure ( ! w9e-j>s1 :i* 7 probably amphor1 po9t$ at ! end1 l ^? depict$ 9 ,egyptian mural pa9t+s1 s t !y c\ld n /& upright )\t support4 ,by _! fall !y are to be utt]ly m>r$ 7! t]m us$ ( ! girdle1 v]4 #i74 ,b ev5 yet "o way ( escape lies op54 ,x is to sacrifice _! pride1 & yield to ! w ( ,iahvah4 ,he> ye1 & give e>1 be n haughty6 = ,iahvah ha? spok53 give ye to ,iahvah y\r ,god ! glory1 be=e x gr[ d>k 7or ,he cause d>kness71 & be=e y\r feet /umble ^u m\nta9s ( twilight2 & ye wait = ! dawn1 & ,he make x gloom1 turn+ x to cl\d9ess6 7,isa4 v4 #cj1 viii4 #bj1 #bb2 ,amos viii4 #i74 ,x is v rem>kable1 t ev5 n[1 :5 ! ,*aldeans are actually 9 ! c\ntry1 & blockad+ ! /rong places ( s\!rn ,judah 7v]4 #ai71 :i* 0 ! usual prelim9>y to an advance ^u ,j]usalem itself 7#b ,*ron4 xii4 #d1 xxxii4 #i2 ,isa4 xxxvi4 #a1 #b71 ,j]emiah %\ld /ill speak ?us2 assur+ 8 fell[-citiz5s t confession & self-humiliation be=e _! (f5d$ ,god might yet deliv] !m f ! bitt]e/ consequ5ces ( pa/ misdo+4 ,iahvah _h inde$ spok5 audibly en\gh1 z x seem$ to ! prophet1 9 ! calamities t _h already befall5 ! c\ntry2 ^! 7 an indication ( m & worse to foll[1 unless !y %\ld prove efficaci\s 9 lead+ ! p to rep5tance4 ,if !y fail$1 no?+ w\ld be left = ! prophet b to m\rn 9 solitude ov] 8 c\ntry's ru9 7v]4 #ag74 ,b ,j]emiah 0 fully p]suad$ t ! ,h& t _h /rick5 c\ld heal2 ! ,p[] t _h br\ght ! invad]s into ,judah1 c\ld cause !m to return by ! way t !y _h come 7,isa4 xxxvii4 #cd74 ,( c\rse su* a view is un9telligible f ! /&po9t ( unbelief2 b !n ! /&po9t ( ! prophets is fai?4 #c4 ,aft] ?is g5]al appeal = p5it5ce1 ! disc\rse turns to ! two exalt$ p]sons ^: position & int]e/ 9 ! c\ntry 7 ! highe/ ( all1 ! y\?ful k+1 & ! empress or que5-"m4 ,!y are address$ 9 a tone :i*1 ?\gh n disrespectful1 is c]ta9ly despair+4 ,!y are call$ ^u1 n s mu* to set ! example ( p5it5ce 7cf4 ,jonah iii4 #f71 z to take up ! attitude ( m\rn]s 7,job ii4 #ac2 ,isa4 iii4 #bf2 ,lam4 ii4 #aj2 ,ezek4 xxvi4 #af7 9 pres5ce ( ! public disa/]s4 ,say ?\ to ! k+ & to ! empress1 ,sit ye l[ on ! gr\nd6 7lit4 make l[ y\r seat6 cf4 ,isa4 vii4 = ! con/ruction7 = x is fall5 f y\r heads#ee--y\r beautiful cr[n6 7,lam4 v4 #af74 ,! cities ( ! s\? are %ut fa/1 & !re is none t op5e? 7,jo%4 vi4 #a73 ,judah is c>ri$ away captive all ( h]1 %e is :olly c>ri$ away4 ,!re is no hope2 x is va9 to expect help2 no?+ is left b to bemoan ! irrep>able4 ,! siege ( ! great =tresses ( ! s\? c\ntry & ! sweep+ away ( ! rural population 7 sure signs ( :at 0 com+ ^u ,j]usalem4 ,! embattl$ cities !mselves may be sugge/$ by ! fall5 cr[n ( beauty2 ,isaiah calls ,sam>ia ! pr\d cr[n ( ! drunk>ds ( ,ephraim 7,isa4 xxviii4 #a71 & cities are commonly repres5t$ 9 anci5t art by female figures we>+ mural cr[ns4 ,9 t case1 bo? v]ses are address$ to ! sov]eigns1 & ! second is exegetical ( ! fir/4 ,z already obs]v$1 !re is "h no c5sure1 b only sorr[ful despair ov] ! d>k outlook4 ,9 ! same way1 ,j]emiah's utt]ance 7xxii4 #bj sqq47 ab\t ! fate ( ,jehoia*9 is less a mal$iction ?an a lam5t4 ,& :5 we fur!r consid] 8 fav\rable judgm5t ( ! fir/ body ( exiles1 :o 7 c>ri$ away ) ?is mon>* soon aft] ! "t ( ! pres5t oracle 7*ap4 xxiv471 we may p]haps see reason to conclude t ! surr5d] ( ,j]usalem to ! ,*aldeans on ?is occasion 0 p>tly due to 8 advice4 ,! n>rative ( ,k+s1 h[ev]1 is too brief to enable u to come to any c]ta9 decision ab\t ! circum/ances ( ,jehoia*9's submission 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #aj-ab74 #d4 ,f ! sov]eigns1 ! prophet turns to ,j]usalem4 ,lift up ?9e eyes 7,o ,j]usalem#ef71 & behold !m t came f ! nor?6 ,:]e is ! flock t 0 giv5 to !e1 ?y beautiful %eep8 ,:at wilt ?\ say :5 ,he %all appo9t ov] !e--nay1 ?\ ?yself ha/ spurr$ !m aga9/ ?yself6--lov]s 7iii4 #d1 xi4 #ai7 = head8 ,w n pangs take !e1 z a woman 9 travail8 ,j]usalem sits ^u h] hills1 z a beautiful %eph]dess4 ,! c\ntry t[ns & unwall$ villages lay ab\t h]1 l a fair flock ( %eep & goats entru/$ to h] c>e & keep+4 ,b n[ ^! h be5 de/roy$ & _! pa/ures are made a sil5t solitude1 & ! de/roy] is advanc+ aga9/ h]self4 ,:at pangs ( %ame & t]ror w be h]s1 :5 %e recognises 9 ! enemy triumph+ ov] h] griev\s d[nfall ! hea!n fri5ds ^: love %e _h c\rt$ s long6 ,h] s9 is to be h] sc\rge4 ,%e %all be made ! ?rall ( h] =eign lov]s4 ,iahvah w appo9t !m ov] h] 7xv4 #c1 li4 #bg72 !y w become ! head1 & %e ! tail 7,lam4 i4 #e2 ,deut4 xxviii4 #dd74 ,yet ?is w1 9 tru?1 be h] own do+1 n ,iahvah's2 %e has h]self accu/om$ !m to h]self 7x4 #b71 or in/ruct$ or spurr$ !m on aga9/ h]self 7ii4 #cc1 iv4 #ah74 ,! revolt ( ,jehoiakim1 8 wick$ brea* ( fai? ) ,nebu*adrezz>1 _h turn$ fri5ds to enemies 7iv4 #cj74 ,b ! *ief ref]5ce seems to be m g5]al--! cont9ual crav+ ( ,judah = =eign alliances & =eign wor%ips4 ,& if ?\ say 9 ?9e he>t1 ,:]e=e did ^! ?+s befall me8 ?r\gh ! greatness ( ?y guilt 7 ?y skirts uncov]$1 ?9e heels violat$ 7,nah4 iii4 #e7 or expos$4 ,w a ,cu%ite *ange 8 sk91 or a leop>d 8 spots8 ye1 too1 are ye able to d good1 ,o ye t are wont to d evil8 ,if amid ! %>p ?roes ( suff]+ ,j]usalem %\ld /ill fail to recognise ! moral cause ( !m 7v4 #ai71 %e may be assur$ be=eh& t h] unspeakable di%on\r is ! rew>d ( h] s9s2 t is :y ! virg9 daught] ( ,sion is surpris$ & ravi%$ by ! foe 7a common figure3 ,isa4 xlvii4 #a-c74 ,s9 has become s +ra9$ 9 h]1 t x c no m be eradicat$ ?an ! blackness ( an ,african sk91 or ! spots ( a leop>d's hide4 ,! habit ( s9n+ has become a second nature1 &1 l nature1 is n to be expell$ 7cf4 viii4 #d-g74 ,! effect ( use & wont 9 ! moral sph]e c\ld h>dly be express$ m =cibly1 & ,j]emiah's comp>ison has become a prov]b4 ,cu/om b9ds u all 9 e dep>tm5t ( life2 x is only by enli/+ ?is /range influ5ce ^u ! side ( virtue1 t we become virtu\s4 ,nei!r virtue nor vice c be pron\nc$ p]fect1 until ! habit ( ei!r has become fix$ & inv>iable4 ,x is ! t5d5cy ( habitual action ( any k9d to become automatic2 & x is c]ta9 t s9 may atta9 su* a ma/]y ov] ! active p[]s ( a man t its indulg5ce may become almo/ an unconsci\s ex]cise ( 8 w1 & q a matt] ( c\rse4 ,b ?is fe>ful result ( evil habits does n excuse !m at ! b> ( common s5se1 mu* less at ! tribunal ( ,god4 ,! invet]ate s9n]1 ! man totally devoid ( scruple1 ^: consci5ce is1 z x 71 se>$ ) a hot iron1 is n on t acc\nt excus$ by ! common judgm5t ( 8 k9d2 ! feel+ he excites is n =be>ance1 b abhorr5ce2 he is reg>d$ n z a poor victim ( circum/ances ov] :i* he has no control1 b z a mon/] ( iniquity4 ,& ju/ly s2 = if he has lo/ control ( 8 passions1 if he is no long] ma/] ( himself1 b ! slave ( vice1 he is responsible = ! long c\rse ( self-indulg5ce :i* has made him :at he is4 ,! prophet's comp>ison _c be appli$ 9 support ( a doctr9e ( immoral fatalism4 ,! v fact t he makes use ( x1 implies t he did n int5d x to be und]/ood 9 su* a s5se4 ,w a ,cu%ite *ange 8 sk91 or a leop>d 8 spots8 ,ye also--suppos+ su* a *ange z t--w be able to d good1 ,o ye t are taught--tra9$1 accu/om$--to d evil6 7p]haps ! pref]able r5d]+74 ,n only mu/ we ab/a9 f treat+ a rhetorical figure z a col\rless & rigor\s proposition ( ma!matical sci5ce2 n only mu/ we all[ = ! irony & ! exagg]ation ( ! prea*]3 we mu/ also rememb] 8 object1 :i* is1 if possible1 to %ock 8 he>]s into a s5se ( _! condition1 & to awak5 remorse & rep5tance ev5 at ! elev5? h\r4 ,8 la/ words 7v]4 #bg7 prove t he did n believe ?is result1 improbable z x 01 to be altoge!r impossible4 ,unless "s s5se ( s9 _h surviv$ 9 _! he>ts1 unless ! t]ms1 good & evil1 _h /ill reta9$ a mean+ = 8 c\ntrym51 ,j]emiah w\ld h>dly h lab\r$ /ill s /r5u\sly to conv9ce !m ( _! s94 ,= ! pres5t1 :5 retribution is already at ! doors1 :5 already ! ,div9e wra? has visibly brok5 =?1 8 prevail+ purpose is n s mu* to sugge/ a way ( escape1 z to br+ home to ! he>t & consci5ce ( ! nation ! true mean+ ( ! public calamities4 ,!y are ! consequ5ce ( habitual rebellion aga9/ ,god4 ,& ,i w scatt] !m l /ubble pass+ away to 7 be=e3 cf4 xix4 #aj7 ! w9d ( ! wild]ness4 ,?is is ?y lot 7fem4 ?9e1 ,o ,j]usalem71 ! portion ( ?y measures 7o!rs3 lap7 f ,me1 sai? ,iahvah2 because ?\ =gatte/ ,me1 & did/ tru/ 9 ! ,lie4 ,& ,i also--,i w surely /rip ?y skirts to ?y face1 & ?y %ame %all be se56 7,nah4 iii4 #e74 ,?9e adult]ies & ?y neigh+s1 ! f\lness ( ?y =nications ^u ! hills 9 ! field 7iii4 #b-f7--;,i h se5 ?9e abom9ations6 7,= ! con/ruction1 comp>e ,isa4 i4 #ac47 ,woe unto !e1 ,o ,j]usalem6 ,aft] h[ long yet wilt ?\ n become clean8 7#b ,k+s v4 #ab1 #ac74 ,t :i* lies be=e ! citiz5s 9 ! ne> future is n deliv]ance1 b disp]sion 9 =eign l&s4 ,! onset ( ! foe w sweep !m away1 z ! bla/ f ! des]t drives be=e x ! dry /ubble ( ! corn-fields 7cf4 iv4 #aa1 #ab74 ,?is is no *ance calamity1 b a recomp5se allott$ & met$ out by ,iahvah to ! city t =got ,him & tru/$ 9 ! ,lie ( ,baal-wor%ip & ! associat$ sup]/itions4 ,! city t dealt %amefully 9 dep>t+ f h] ,god1 & dally+ ) f\l idols1 %all be put to %ame by ,him be=e all ! _w 7v]4 #bf recurr+ to ! ?\ght ( v]4 #bb1 b ascrib+ ! exposure directly to ,iahvah74 ,woe--c]ta9 woe--awaits ,j]usalem2 & x is b a fa9t & f>-(f glimm] ( hope t is reflect$ 9 ! f9al "q1 :i* is l a we>y sigh3 ,aft] h[ long yet wilt ?\ n become clean8 ,h[ long mu/ ! fi]y process ( cleans+ g on1 ere ?\ be purg$ ( ?9e invet]ate s9s8 ,x is a recognition t ! puni%m5t w n be ext]m9ative2 t ,god's *a/isem5ts ( ,8 p c no m fail at la/ ?an ,8 promises2 t ! triumph ( a hea!n p[] & ! disappe>ance ( ,iahvah's ,israel f "u ,8 heav5 _c be ! f9al phase ( t long ev5tful hi/ory :i* began ) ! call ( ,abraham4 ,,footnotes3 #ed ,also xlviii4 #ab2 ,lam4 iv4 #b2 ,isa4 xxx4 #ad4 #ee ,,lxx4 44 ,read 2 & cf4 ,assyrian reu1 plur4 retu 7 74 #ef ,= we might read1 ) ,,lxx41 ,vat41 77 4 ,! ,arabic has ,israel4 ,b ,vulg4 & ,t>g4 agree ) ! ,q'r1 & take ! v]bs z plur43 ,lift ye up y\r eyes & see :o are com+ f ! nor?4 ,! s+4 fem4 is to be pref]r$ z ! m difficult read+1 & on acc\nt ( v]4 #ba1 :]e x recurs4 ,j]usalem is address$ 7v]4 #bg71 & y\r eyes1 plur4 masc4 pron41 may be ju/ifi$ z indicat+ ! collective s5se ( ! fem4 s+4 ,! population ( ! capital is meant4 ,cf4 ,mic4 i4 #aa2 ,j]4 xxi4 #ac1 #ad4 ,9 v]4 #bc1 ! masc4 plur4 appe>s aga91 ! figure = a mom5t be+ dropp$4 ,,ix4 ,,! ,,dr\ght ,,& ,,its ,,moral ,,implications4 ,,j]emiah xiv41 xv4 7xvii4874 ,v>i\s op9ions h be5 express$ ab\t ! division ( ^! *apt]s4 ,!y h be5 cut up into %ort sections1 suppos$ to be m or less indep5d5t ( ea* o!r2#eg & !y h be5 reg>d$ z con/itut+ a well-organiz$ :ole1 at lea/ s f> z ! eighte5? v]se ( *ap4 xvii4 ,! tru? may lie betwe5 ^! extremes4 ,*apt]s xiv41 xv4 c]ta9ly hang toge!r2 = 9 !m ! prophet repres5ts himself z twice int]c$+ ) ,iahvah on behalf ( ! p1 & twice receiv+ a refusal ( 8 petition 7xiv4 #a-xv4 #d71 ! latt] reply be+ /]n] & m decisive ?an ! fir/4 ,! occasion 0 a long p]iod ( dr\ght1 involv+ mu* privation = man & bea/4 ,! connexion betwe5 ! p>ts ( ?is fir/ portion ( ! disc\rse is cle> en\gh4 ,! prophet prays = 8 p1 & ,god answ]s t ,he has reject$ !m1 & t int]cession is futile4 ,!reupon1 ,j]emiah ?r[s ! blame ( ! national s9s ^u ! false prophets2 & ! answ] is t bo? ! p & _! false guides w p]i%4 ,! prophet !n soliloquises ^u 8 own h>d fate z a h]ald ( evil tid+s1 & receives directions = 8 own p]sonal guidance 9 ?is crisis ( affairs 7xv4 #aj-xvi4 #i74 ,!re is a pause b no real break at ! end ( *ap4 xv4 ,! next *apt] resumes ! subject ( directions p]sonally affect+ ! prophet himself2 & ! disc\rse is !n cont9u\s s f> z xvii4 #ah1 al?\gh1 naturally en\gh1 x is brok5 "h & !re by pauses ( consid]able duration1 m>k+ transitions ( ?\ght1 & progress 9 ! argum5t4 ,! head+ ( ! entire piece is m>k$ 9 ! orig9al by a peculi> inv]sion ( t]ms1 :i* meets u aga91 *ap4 xlvi4 #a1 xlvii4 #a1 xlix4 #cd1 b :i*1 9 spite ( ?is recurr5ce1 we>s a r suspici\s look4 ,we might r5d] x ?us3 ,:at fell z a ^w ( ,iahvah to ,j]emiah1 on acc\nt ( ! dr\ghts 7! plural is int5sive1 or x signifies ! long cont9uance ( ! tr\ble--z if "o ra9less p]iod foll[$ ^u ano!r74 ,:e!r or n ! s+ul> ord] ( ! words be au!ntic1 ! recurr5ce at *ap4 xvii4 #h ( ! rem>kable t]m = dr\ght 7,heb4 baccre? ( :i* baccar? "h is plur47 fav\rs ! view t t *apt] is an integral portion ( ! pres5t disc\rse4 ,! exordium 7xiv4 #a-i7 is a poetical sket* ( ! mis]ies ( man & bea/1 clos+ ) a beautiful pray]4 ,x has be5 said t ?is is n a ^w ( ,iahvah to ,j]emiah1 b r ! rev]se4 ,if we /ick to ! lett]1 ?is no d\bt is ! case2 b1 z we h se5 9 =m] disc\rses1 ! phrase ,iahvah's ^w meant 9 prophetic use v mu* m ?an a direct message f ,god1 or a pr$iction utt]$ at ! ,div9e in/igation4 ,"h1 z else:]e1 ! prophet evid5tly reg>ds ! c\rse ( 8 own religi\s reflexion z guid$ by ,him :o fa%ione? ! he>ts ( m51 & kn[e? _! ?\ghts long be=e2 & if ! "q _h sugge/$ itself1 he w\ld c]ta9ly h ref]r$ 8 own poetic p[]s--! t5d]ness ( 8 pity1 ! vividness ( 8 appreh5sion1 ! =ce ( 8 passion1--to ! inspiration ( ! ,"l :o _h call$ & consecrat$ him f ! bir?1 to speak 9 ,8 ,"n4 ,!re lies at ! he>t ( _m ( u a feel+1 :i* has lurk$ !re1 m or less )\t our cognisance1 ev] s9ce ! *ildi% days :5 ! ,old ,te/am5t 0 read at ! "m's knee1 & expla9$ & und]/ood 9 a mann] proportion$ to ! faculties ( *ildhood4 ,:5 we he> ! phrase ,! ,"l spake1 we in/9ctively ?9k1 if we ?9k at all1 ( an actual voice knock+ s5sibly at ! door ( ! outw>d e>4 ,x 0 n s2 nor did ! sacr$ writ] mean x s4 ,a k ( ,hebrew idiom--! modes ( expression usual & possible 9 t anci5t spee*--assures u t ?is /atem5t1 s />tl+ly direct 9 its unadorn$ simplicity1 0 ! accept$ mode ( convey+ a mean+ :i* we1 9 our m complex & artificial idioms1 w\ld convey by ! use ( a multitude ( words1 9 t]ms f> m ab/ract1 9 language de/itute ( all t col\r ( life & reality :i* /amps ! idiom ( ! ,bible4 ,x is z ?\gh ! ,div9e lay f>!r (f f u mod]ns2 z ?\gh ! m>vell\s progress ( all t new k ( ! measureless magnitude ( ! _w1 ( ! p[] & complexity ( its ma*9]y1 ( ! surpass+ subtlety & ! mat*less p]fection ( its laws & processes1 _h become an impassable b>ri]1 at lea/ an imp5etrable veil1 betwe5 our m9ds & ,god4 ,we h lo/ ! s5se ( ,8 ne>ness1 ( ,8 imm$iacy1 s to speak2 because we h ga9$1 & are ev] int5sify+1 a s5se ( ! ne>ness ( ! _w ) :i* ,he environs u4 ,h5ce1 :5 we speak ( ,him1 we naturally ca/ ab\t ei!r = poetical phrases & figures1 :i* mu/ always be m or less vague & undef9$1 or = highly ab/ract expressions1 :i* may sugge/ sci5tific exactness1 b are1 9 tru?1 s*ola/ic =mul1 dry z ! du/ ( ! des]t1 unt\*$ by ! brea? ( life2 & ev5 if !y affirm a ,p]son1 de/itute ( all ^? liv+ *>act]s by :i* we in/9ctively & )\t ef=t recognise ,p]sonality4 ,we make only a conv5tional use ( ! language ( ! sacr$ writ]s1 ( ! prophets & prophetic hi/orians1 ( ! psalmi/s1 & ! legali/s ( ! ,old ,te/am5t2 ! language :i* is ! native expression ( a peculi> int5sity ( religi\s fai?1 realiz+ ! ,unse5 z ! ,actual &1 9 tru?1 ! only ,real4 ,judah m\rne? & ! gates !re( langui%1 ,!y are clad 9 black d[n to ! gr\nd2 ,& ! cry ( ,j]usalem ha? gone up4 ,& _! nobles h s5t _! less] folk = wat]2 ,!y h be5 to ! pits1 & f\nd no wat]3 ,_! vessels h come back empty2 ,a%am$ & conf\nd$1 !y h cov]$ _! heads4 ,because ! gr\nd is *apt1 = !re ha? n be5 ra9 9 ! l&1 ,! pl[m5 are a%am$1 !y h cov]$ _! heads4 ,= ev5 ! h9d 9 ! field ha? yean$ & =sak5 h] fawn1 ,= !re is no grass4 ,& ! wild asses /& on ! b>e fells2 ,!y snuff ! w9d l jackals2 ,_! eyes fail1 = !re is no pa/urage4 ,if our s9s h answ]$ aga9/ u1 ,iahweh1 act = ,?9e own ,"n sake2 ,= our relapses are _m2 ,aga9/ ,!e h we trespass$4 ,hope ( ,israel1 t save/ him 9 "t ( tr\ble1 ,:]e=e wilt ,?\ be z a /rang] 9 ! l&1 ,& z a travell] t leave? ! road b = ! night8 ,:]e=e wilt ,?\ be z a man o'erp[]$ ) sleep1 ,z a w>rior t _c rescue8 ,si? ,?\ art 9 our mid/1 ,o ,iahvah1 ,& ,?y ,"n ^u u ha? be5 call$2 ,ca/ u n d[n6 ,h[ beautiful bo? pla9t & pray]6 ,! simple description ( ! effects ( ! dr\ght is z lifelike & impressive z a good picture4 ,! :ole c\ntry is /rick52 ! city-gates1 ! place ( common resort1 :]e ! citiz5s meet = bus9ess & = conv]sation1 are gloomy ) knots ( m\rn]s rob$ 9 black f head to foot1 or1 z ! ,hebrew may also imply1 sitt+ on ! gr\nd1 9 ! g>b & po/ure ( desolation 7,lam4 ii4 #aj1 iii4 #bh74 ,! magnates ( ,j]usalem s5d out _! reta9]s to f9d wat]2 & we see !m return+ ) empty vessels1 _! heads muffl$ 9 _! cloaks1 9 sign ( grief at ! failure ( _! err& 7cf4 #a ,k+s xviii4 #e1 #f74 ,! p>*$ gr\nd ev]y:]e gapes ) fissures2#eh ! yeom5 g ab\t ) cov]$ heads 9 deepe/ dejection4 ,! di/ress is univ]sal1 & affects n man only1 b ! brute creation4 ,ev5 ! g5tle h9d1 t prov]b ( mat]nal t5d]ness1 is driv5 by sore/ ne$ to =sake ! fruit ( h] h>d travail2 h] />v$ dugs are dry1 & %e flies f h] helpless (fspr+4 ,! wild asses ( ! des]t1 fleet1 beautiful & ke5-ey$ creatures1 scan ! )]$ l&scape f ! nak$ cliffs1 & snuff ! w9d1 l jackals sc5t+ prey2 b nei!r sight nor smell sugge/s relief4 ,!re is no moi/ure 9 ! air1 no glimpse ( pa/ure 9 ! wide sultry l&4 ,! pray] is a humble confession ( s91 an unres]v$ admission t ! woes ( man ev9ce ! righte\sness ( ,god4 ,unlike c]ta9 mod]n poets1 :o bewail ! sorr[s ( ! _w z ! m]e infliction ( a h>% & arbitr>y & inevitable ,de/9y1 ,j]emiah makes no d\bt t human suff]+s are due to ! work+ ( ,div9e ju/ice4 ,our s9s h answ]$ aga9/ our pleas at ,?y judgm5t seat2 our relapses are _m2 aga9/ ,!e h we trespass$1 aga9/ ,!e1 ! sov]eign ,dispos] ( ev5ts1 ! ,s\rce ( all t happ5s & all t is4 ,if ?is be s1 :at plea is left8 ,none1 b t appeal to ! ,,"n ( ,iahvah1 ) :i* ! pray] beg9s & ends4 ,act = ,?9e own ,"n sake4444 ,?y ,"n ^u u ha? be5 call$4 ,act = ,?9e own hon\r1 t is1 = ! hon\r ( ,m]cy1 ,compassion1 ,tru?1 ,goodness2 :i* ,?\ ha/ reveal$ ,?yself to be1 & :i* are p>ts ( ,?y glori\s ,"n 7,ex4 xxxiv4 #f74 ,pity ! wret*$1 & p>don ! guilty2 = s w ,?y glory increase among/ m52 s w man le>n t ! rel5t+s ( love are div9] affections ?an ! ru?lessness ( wra? & ! crav+s ( v5geance4 ,!re is also a t\*+ appeal to ! pa/4 ,! v "n by :i* ,israel 0 sometimes designat$ z ! p ( ,iahvah1 j z ,moab 0 kn[n by ! "n ( its god z ! p ( ,*emo% 7,num4 xxi4 #bi71 is alleg$ z pro( t ! nation has an int]e/ 9 ! compassion ( ,him ^: "n x be>s2 & x is impli$ t1 s9ce ! _w kn[s ,israel z ,iahvah's p1 x w n be = ,iahvah's hon\r t ?is p %\ld be suff]$ to p]i% 9 _! s9s4 ,israel _h ?us1 f ! outset ( its hi/ory1 be5 associat$ & id5tifi$ ) ,iahvah2 h[ev] ill ! true nature ( ! tie has be5 und]/ood1 h[ev] unwor?ily ! relation has be5 conceiv$ by ! popul> m9d1 h[ev] little ! obligations involv$ 9 ! call ( _! fa!rs h be5 recognis$ & appreciat$4 ,god mu/ be true1 ?\gh man be false4 ,!re is no weakness1 no caprice1 no vacillation 9 ,god4 ,9 bygone times ( tr\ble ! ,hope ( ,israel _h sav$ ,israel ov] & ov] aga92 x 0 a tru? admitt$ by all--ev5 by ! prophet's enemies4 ,surely !n ,he w save ,8 p once aga91 & v9dicate ,8 ,"n ( ,savi\r4 ,surely ,he :o has dwelt 9 _! mid/ s _m *angeful c5turies1 w n n[ behold _! tr\ble ) ! lukew>m feel+ ( an ali5 dwell+ among/ !m = a "t1 b unconnect$ ) !m by ties ( blood & k9 & common c\ntry2 or ) ! indiff]5ce ( ! travell] :o is b coldly affect$ by ! calamities ( a place :]e he has only lodg$ "o night4 ,surely ! entire pa/ %ews t x w\ld be utt]ly inconsi/5t = ,iahvah to appe> n[ z a man s buri$ 9 sleep t ,he _c be r\s$ to save ,8 fri5ds f imm95t de/ruction 7cf4 #a ,k+s xviii4 #bg7 7,/4 ,m>k iv4 #ch74 ,he :o _h borne ,israel & c>ri$ him z a t5d] nursel+ all ! days ( old 7,isa4 lxiii4 #i7 c\ld h>dly )\t *ang+ ,8 own un*angeable ,"n1 ,8 "* & purposes1 ca/ d[n ,8 p & =sake !m at la/4 ,su* is ! drift ( ! prophet's fir/ pray]4 ,to ?is app>5tly unansw]able argum5t 8 religi\s m$itation ^u ! pres5t di/ress has br\ght him4 ,b pres5tly ! ?\ght returns ) add$ =ce1 ) a s5se ( utmo/ c]titude1 ) a conviction t x is ,iahvah's ,^w1 t ! p h wr\ght out _! own affliction1 t mis]y is ! hire ( s94 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said ( ?is p3 ,ev5 s h !y lov$ to w&]1 ,_! feet !y h n refra9$2 ,& z = ,iahvah1 ,he accepte? !m n2 ,he n[ rememb]e? _! guilt1 ,& visite? _! trespasses4 ,& ,iahvah said unto me1 ,int]c$e ?\ n = ?is p = good6 ,if !y fa/1 ,i w n he>k5 unto _! cry2 ,& if !y (f] :ole-(f]+ & oblation1 ,i w n accept _! p]sons2 ,b by ! sword1 ! fam9e1 & ! plague1 w ,i consume !m4 ,& ,i said1 ,ah1 ,"l ,iahvah6 ,behold ! prophets say to !m1 ,ye %all n see sword1 ,& fam9e %all n befall y2 ,= peace & p]man5ce w ,i give y 9 ?is place4 ,& ,iahvah said unto me3 ,falsehood x is t ! prophets prophesy 9 ,my ,"n4 ,i s5t !m n1 & ,i *>g$ !m n1 & ,i spake n unto !m4 ,a vision ( falsehood & juggl]y & no?+ness1 & ! guile ( _! own he>t1 ,!y1 = _! "p1 prophesy y4 ,!re=e ?us said ,iahvah3 ,conc]n+ ! prophets :o prophesy 9 ,my ,"n1 albeit ,i s5t !m n1 ,& ( !mselves say1 ,sword & fam9e !re %all n be 9 ?is l&2 ,by ! sword & by ! fam9e %all ^? prophets be =done4 ,& ! p to :om !y prophesy %all lie ?r[n out 9 ! /reets ( ,j]usalem1 ,because ( ! fam9e & ! sword1 ,) none to bury !m1-- ,!mselves1 _! wives1 & _! sons & _! daught]s3 ,& ,i w p\r ^u !m _! own evil4 ,& ?\ %alt say unto !m ?is ^w3 ,let m9e eyes run d[n ) te>s1 night & day1 ,& let !m n tire2 ,= ) mighty brea* is brok5 ,! virg9 daught] ( my p-- ,) a v griev\s bl[4 ,if ,i g =? into ! field1 ,!n behold6 ! sla9 ( ! sword2 ,& if ,i ent] ! city1 ,!n behold6 ! p9+s ( fam9e3 ,= bo? prophet & prie/ g traffick+ ab\t ! l&1 ,& und]/& n4#ei ,x has be5 suppos$ t ?is :ole section is misplac$1 & t x w\ld prop]ly foll[ ! close ( *ap4 xiii4 ,! supposition is due to a misappreh5sion ( ! =ce ( ! pregnant p>ticle :i* introduces ! reply ( ,iahvah to ! prophet's int]cession4 ,ev5 s h !y lov$ to w&]2 ev5 s1 z is naturally impli$ by ! sev]ity ( ! puni%m5t ( :i* ?\ compla9e/4 ,! de>? is prolong$2 ! di/ress is widespread & griev\s4 ,s prolong$1 s griev\s1 s univ]sal1 has be5 _! rebellion aga9/ ,me4 ,! p5alty corresponds to ! (f5ce4 ,x is really _! own evil t is be+ p\r$ out ^u _! guilty heads 7v]4 #af2 cf4 iv4 #ah74 ,iahvah _c accept !m 9 _! s92 ! long dr\ght is a tok5 t _! guilt is be=e ,8 m9d1 unrep5t$1 unaton$4 ,nei!r ! supplications ( ano!r1 nor _! own fa/s & sacrifices1 avail to av]t ! visitation4 ,s long z ! disposition ( ! he>t rema9s unalt]$2 s long z man hates1 n 8 d>l+ s9s1 b ! p5alties !y entail1 x is idle to seek to propitiate ,heav5 by su* means z ^!4 ,& n only s4 ,! dr\ghts are b a =eta/e ( worse evils to come2 by ! sword1 ! fam9e1 & ! plague w ,i consume !m4 ,! condition is und]/ood1 ,if !y rep5t & am5d n4 ,?is is impli$ by ! prophet's seek+ to palliate ! national guilt1 z he proce$s to d1 by ! sugge/ion t ! p are m s9n$ aga9/ ?an s9n+1 delud$ z !y are by false prophets2 z also by ! r5ewal ( 8 int]cession 7v]4 #ai74 ,_h he be5 aw>e 9 8 inmo/ he>t t an irrev]sible s5t5ce _h gone =? aga9/ 8 p1 w\ld he h be5 likely to ?9k ei!r excuses or int]cessions avail+8 ,inde$1 h[ev] absolute ! ?reats ( ! prophetic prea*]s may s\nd1 !y mu/1 z a rule1 be qualifi$ by ?is limitation1 :i*1 :e!r express$ or n1 is insep>able f ! object ( _! disc\rses1 :i* 0 ! moral am5dm5t ( ^? :o he>d !m4 ,( ! false1 t is1 ! common run ( prophets1 :o 7 9 league ) ! v5al prie/hood ( ! "t1 & no less worldly & self-seek+ ?an _! allies1 we note t1 z usual1 !y =etell :at ! p wi%es to he>2 ,peace 7,prosp]ity71 & ,p]man5ce1 is ! burd5 ( _! oracles4 ,!y knew t invectives aga9/ prevail+ vices1 & d5unciations ( national follies1 & =eca/s ( approa*+ ru91 7 unlikely means ( w9n+ popul>ity & a sub/antial h>ve/ ( (f]+s4 ,at ! same "t1 l o!r false tea*]s1 !y knew h[ to veil _! errors "u ! mask ( tru?2 or r1 !y 7 !mselves delud$ by _! own gre$1 & bl9d$ by _! covet\sness to ! pla9 tea*+ ( ev5ts4 ,!y might base _! doctr9e ( ,peace & ,p]man5ce 9 ?is place6 ^u ^? utt]ances ( ! great ,isaiah1 :i* _h be5 s signally v]ifi$ 9 ! lifetime ( ! se] himself2 b _! ke5 pursuit ( selfi% ends1 _! moral degradation1 caus$ !m to %ut _! eyes to ev]y?+ else 9 8 tea*+s1 &1 l 8 contempor>ies1 !y reg>d$ n ! "w ( ,iahvah1 nor ! op]ation ( ,8 h&4 ,j]emiah accuses !m ( ly+ visions2 visions1 z he expla9s1 :i* 7 ! outcome ( magical c]emonies1 by aid ( :i*1 p]haps1 !y p>tially delud$ !mselves1 be=e delud+ o!rs1 b :i* 71 none ! less1 ?+s ( n\ght1 devoid ( all sub/ance1 & m]e fictions ( a deceitful & self-deceiv+ m9d 7v]4 #ad74 ,he expressly decl>es t !y h no mission2 9 o!r words1 _! action is n due to ! ov]p[]+ s5se ( a high] call1 b is inspir$ by purely ult]ior consid]ations ( worldly ga9 & policy4 ,!y prophesy to ord]2 to ! ord] ( man1 n ( ,god4 ,if !y visit ! c\ntry di/ricts1 x is ) no spiritual end 9 view2 prie/ & prophet alike make a trade ( _! sacr$ pr(ession1 &1 imm]s$ 9 _! sordid pursuits1 h no eye = tru?1 & no p]ception ( ! dang]s hov]+ ov] _! c\ntry4 ,_! misconduct & misdirection ( affairs are c]ta9 to br+ de/ruction ^u !mselves & ^u ^? :om !y mislead4 ,w> & its att5dant fam9e w dev\r !m all4 ,b ! day ( grace be+ pa/1 no?+ is left = ! prophet himself b to bewail ! ru9 ( 8 p 7v]4 #ag74 ,he w betake himself to weep+1 s9ce pray+ & prea*+ are va94 ,! words :i* ann\nce ?is resolve may portray a sorr[ful exp]i5ce1 or !y may depict ! future z ?\gh x 7 already pres5t 7vv4 #ag1 #ah74 ,! latt] int]pretation w\ld suit v]4 #ag1 b h>dly ! foll[+ v]se1 ) its ref]5ces to go+ =? into ! field1 & ent]+ into ! city4 ,! way 9 :i* ^! specific actions are m5tion$ seems to imply "s pres5t or rec5t calamity2 & !re is app>5tly no reason :y we may n suppose t ! passage 0 writt5 at ! disa/r\s close ( ! reign ( ,josiah1 9 ! tr\bl\s int]val ( ?ree mon?s1 :5 ,jehoahaz 0 nom9al k+ 9 ,j]usalem1 b ! ,egyptian arms 7 probably ravag+ ! c\ntry1 & /rik+ t]ror into ! he>ts ( ! p4 ,9 su* a "t ( confusion & blood%$1 tillage w\ld be neglect$1 & fam9e w\ld naturally foll[2 & ^! evils w\ld be greatly aggravat$ by dr\ght4 ,! only o!r p]iod :i* suits is ! beg9n+ ( ! reign ( ,jehoiakim2#fj b ! =m] seems r to be indicat$ by *ap4 xv4 #f-i4 ,he>tbrok5 at ! sight ( ! mis]ies ( 8 c\ntry1 ! prophet once m approa*es ! et]nal ?rone4 ,8 despair+ mood is n s deep & d>k z to dr[n 8 fai? 9 ,god4 ,he refuses to believe ! utt] rejection ( ,judah1 ! revocation ( ! cov5ant4 7,! measure is ,p5tamet]74 ,ha/ ,?\ inde$ ca/ (f ,judah8 ,ha? ,?y s\l revolt$ f ,sion8 ,:y ha/ ,?\ smitt5 u1 pa/ heal+8 ,wait+ = peace1 & no good came1 ,= a "t ( heal+1 & behold t]ror6 ,we "k1 ,iahvah1 our wick$ness1 our fa!rs' guilt2 ,= we h trespass$ t[>d ,!e4 ,scorn ,?\ n1 = ,?y ,"n sake1 ,disgrace n ,?y glori\s ?rone6 ,rememb]1 break n1 ,?y cov5ant ) u6 ,are !re1 9 soo?1 among ! ,no?+s ( ! nations s5d]s ( ra98 ,& is x ! heav5s t be/[ ! %[]s8 ,is x n ,?\1 ,iahvah our ,god8 ,& we wait = ,!e1 ,= ,?\ x 0 t made/ ! _w4#fa ,to all ?is ! ,div9e answ] is /]n & decisive4 ,& ,iahvah said unto me3 ,if ,moses & ,samuel 7 to /& 7plead+7 be=e ,me1 ,my m9d w\ld n be t[>ds ?is p3 s5d !m away f be=e ,me 7dismiss !m f ,my ,pres5ce71 t !y may g =?6 ,aft] ages rememb]$ ,j]emiah z a mighty int]cessor1 & ! brave ,maccabeus c\ld see him 9 8 dream z a grey-hair$ man exce$+ glori\s & ( a wond]ful & excell5t maje/y1 :o pray$ mu* = ! p & = ! holy city 7#b ,macc4 xv4 #ad74 ,& ! beauty ( ! pray]s :i* lie l scatt]$ pe>ls ( fai? & love among ! prophet's soliloquies is evid5t at a glance4 ,b "h ,j]emiah himself is consci\s t 8 pray]s are unavail+2 & t ! (fice to :i* ,god has call$ him is r t ( pron\nc+ judgm5t ?an ( int]c$+ = m]cy4 ,ev5 a ,moses or a ,samuel1 ! mighty int]cessors ( ! old h]oic times1 ^: plead+s _h be5 irresi/ible ) ,god1 w\ld n[ plead 9 va9 7,ex4 xvii4 #aa sqq41 xxxii4 #aa sqq42 ,num4 xiv4 #ac sqq4 = ,moses2 #a ,sam4 vii4 #i sqq41 xii4 #af sqq42 ,ps4 xcix4 #f2 ,ecclus4 xlvi4 #af sqq4 = ,samuel74 ,! day ( grace has gone1 & ! day ( doom is come4 ,8 sad function is to s5d !m away or let !m g f ,iahvah's ,pres5ce2 to pron\nce ! decree ( _! bani%m5t f ! holy l& :]e ,8 temple is1 & :]e !y h be5 wont to see ,8 face4 ,! ma9 "p ( 8 commission 0 to root out1 & to pull d[n1 & to de/roy1 & to ov]?r[ 7i4 #aj74 ,& if !y say unto !e1 ,:i!r are we to g =?8 ,?\ %alt say unto !m1 ?us ha? ,iahvah said3 ,!y t belong to ! ,dea? 7i4e4 ! ,plague2 z ! ,black ,dea? 0 spok5 ( 9 m$ieval ,europe7 to dea?2 & !y t belong to ! ,sword1 to ! sword2 & !y t belong to ! ,fam9e1 to fam9e2 & !y t belong to ,captivity1 to captivity6 ,! p 7 to g =? out ( _! own l&1 :i* 01 z x 71 ! ,pres5ce-*amb] ( ,iahvah1 j z !y _h at ! outset ( _! hi/ory gone =? out ( ,egypt1 to take possession ( x4 ,! words convey a s5t5ce ( exile1 ?\gh !y d n indicate ! place ( bani%m5t4 ,! m5ace ( woe is z g5]al 9 its t]ms z t lurid passage ( ! ,book ( ! ,law ^u :i* x appe>s to be f\nd$ 7,deut4 xxviii4 #ba-bf74 ,! "t = ! accompli%m5t ( ^? t]rible ?reat5+s is nigh1 ev5 at ! doors4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,ezekiel's f\r sore judgm5ts 7,ezek4 xiv4 #ba7 7 sugge/$ by ?is passage ( ,j]emiah4 ,! prophet avoids nam+ ! actual de/9ation ( ! captive p1 because captivity is only "o elem5t 9 _! puni%m5t4 ,! horrors ( w>--sieges & slaught]s & pe/il5ce & fam9e--mu/ come fir/4 ,9 :at foll[s1 ! int5sity ( ^! horrors is realiz$ 9 a s+le t\*4 ,! sla9 are left unburi$1 a prey to ! birds & bea/s4 ,! elaborate c>e ( ! anci5ts 9 ! provision ( hon\rable re/+ places = ! dead is a measure ( ! extremity ?us indicat$4 ,9 accordance ) ! feel+ ( 8 age1 ! prophet ranks ! dogs & vultures & hy5as t drag & disfigure & dev\r ! corpses ( ! sla91 z ?ree k9ds ( evil equally appall+ ) ! sword t slays4 ,! same feel+ l$ our ,sp5s] to write3 ,to spoil ! dead ( we$ ,is sacrilege1 & do? all s9s exce$4 ,& ! de/ruction ( ,moab is decre$ by ! e>li] prophet ,amos1 because he burn$ ! bones ( ! k+ ( ,edom into lime1 ?us violat+ a law univ]sally recognis$ z b9d+ ^u ! consci5ce ( nations 7,amos ii4 #a74 ,cf4 also ,g54 xxiii4 ,?us dea? itself 0 n to be a suffici5t expiation = ! invet]ate guilt ( ! nation4 ,judgm5t 0 to pursue !m ev5 aft] dea?4 ,b ! prophet's vision does n p5etrate beyond ?is pres5t sc5e4 ,) ! visible _w1 s f> z he is aw>e1 ! puni%m5t t]m9ates4 ,he gives no h9t "h1 nor else:]e1 ( any fur!r p5alties await+ individual s9n]s 9 ! unse5 _w4 ,! scope ( 8 prophecy inde$ is almo/ purely national1 & limit$ to ! pres5t life4 ,x is "o ( ! recognis$ conditions ( ,old ,te/am5t religi\s ?\ght4 ,& ! ru9 ( ! p is ! retribution res]v$ = :at ,manasseh did 9 ,j]usalem4 ,to ! prophet1 z to ! au?or ( ! book ( ,k+s1 :o wrote d\btless "u ! influ5ce ( 8 words1 ! guilt contract$ by ,judah "u t wick$ k+ 0 unp>donable4 ,b x w\ld convey a false impression if we left ! matt] "h2 = ! :ole c\rse ( 8 aft]-prea*+--8 exhortations & promises1 z well z 8 ?reats--prove t ,j]emiah did n suppose t ! nation c\ld n be sav$ by g5u9e rep5tance & p]man5t am5dm5t4 ,:at he int5ds r to affirm is t ! s9s ( ! fa!rs w be visit$ ^u *ildr51 :o are p>tak]s ( _! s9s4 ,x is ! doctr9e ( ,/4 ,matt4 xxiii4 #bi sqq42 a doctr9e :i* is n m]ely a !ological op9ion1 b a matt] ( hi/orical obs]vation4 ,& ,i w set ov] !m f\r k9ds--,x is an oracle ( ,iahvah--! sword to slay1 & ! dogs to hale1 & ! f[ls ( ! air1 & ! bea/s ( ! e>?1 to dev\r & to de/roy4 ,& ,i w make !m a sport = all ! realms ( e>?2 on acc\nt ( ,manasseh b5 ,hezekiah k+ ( ,judah1 = :at he did 9 ,j]usalem4 ,j]usalem6--! m5tion ( t magical "n t\*es ano!r *ord 9 ! prophet's s\l2 & ! fi]ce tones ( 8 oracle ( doom *ange into a dirge-l /ra9 ( pity )\t hope4 ,= :o w h compassion on ,!e1 ,o ,j]usalem8 ,& :o w yield !e com=t8 ,& :o w turn aside to ask ( ?y welf>e8 ',twas ?\ t reject$/ ,me 7x is ,iahvah's ^w72 ,backw>d w\ld/ ?\ w5d3 ,s ,i /ret*$ =? ,my h& aga9/ !e & de/roy$ !e2 ,i we>i$ ( rel5t+4 ,& ,i w9n[$ !m ) a fan 9 ! gates ( ! l&2 ,i b]eav$1 ,i undid ,my p3 ,yet !y return$ n f _! own ways4 ,8 wid[s outnumb]$ be=e ,me ! s& ( seas3 ,i br\ght !m aga9/ ! ,"m ( ,w>riors a h>ri] at high noon2 ,i ?rew ^u h] sudd5ly angui% & horrors4 ,%e t _h borne sev5 sons did p9e away2 ,%e brea?d out h] s\l4 ,h] sun did set1 :ile x yet 0 day2 ,he blu%$ & pal$4 ,b _! remnant w ,i give to ! sword ,be=e _! foes3 7,x is ,iahvah's ^w74 ,! fate ( ,j]usalem w\ld /rike ! nations dumb ) horror2 x w\ld n inspire pity1 = man w\ld recognise t x 0 absolutely j4 ,or p]haps ! ?\ght r is1 ,9 prov+ false to ,me1 ?\ w]t false to ?9e only fri5d3 ,me ?\ ha/ e/rang$ by ?y fai?lessness2 & f ! envi\s rivals1 :o beset !e on e side1 ?\ can/ expect no?+ b rejoic+ at ?y d[nfall 7,ps4 cxxxvi42 ,lam4 ii4 #ae-ag2 ,obad4 #aj sqq474 ,! peculi> solit>9ess ( ,israel among ! nations 7,num4 xxiii4 #i7 aggravat$ ! angui% ( h] ov]?r[4 ,9 :at foll[s1 ! dreadful pa/ appe>s z a prophecy ( ! yet m t]rible future4 ,! poet-se]'s pa!tic monody moralizes ! lo/ battle ( ,megiddo--t fatal day :5 ! sun ( ,judah set 9 :at seem$ ! high day ( h] prosp]ity1 & all ! glory & ! promise ( good k+ ,josiah vani%$ l a dream 9 sudd5 d>kness4 ,m5 might ?9k--d\btless ,j]emiah ?\ght1 9 ! fir/ mom5ts ( despair1 :5 ! news ( t ov]:elm+ disa/] 0 br\ght to ,j]usalem1 ) ! corpse ( ! good k+1 ! dead hope ( ! nation--t ?is cru%+ bl[ 0 pro( t ,iahvah _h reject$ ,8 p1 9 ! ex]cise ( a sov]eign caprice1 & )\t ref]5ce to _! own attitude t[>ds ,him4 ,b1 says or *ants ! prophet1 9 solemn rhy?mic utt]ance1 ',twas ?\ t reject$/ ,me2 ,backw>d w\ld/ ?\ w5d3 ,s ,i /ret*$ =? ,my h& aga9/ !e1 & wr\ght !e hurt2 ,i we>i$ ( rel5t+4 ,! cup ( national iniquity 0 full1 & its baleful cont5ts ov]fl[$ 9 a deva/at+ flood4 ,9 ! gates ( ! l&--! po9t on ! nor?-we/ fronti] :]e ! armies met--,iahvah w9n[$ ,8 p ) a fan1 sep>at+ ^? :o 7 doom$ to fall f ^? :o 7 to survive1 z ! w9n[+ fan sep>ates ! *aff f ! :eat 9 ! ?re%+-floor4 ,!re ,he b]eav$ ! nation ( _! de>e/ hope1 ! brea? ( _! no/rils1 ! ,"l's ,ano9t$ 7,lam4 iv4 #bj72 !re ,he multipli$ _! wid[s4 ,& aft] ! lo/ battle ,he br\ght ! victor 9 hot ha/e aga9/ ! ,"m ( ! fall5 w>riors1 ! ill-fat$ city1 ,j]usalem1 to wreak v5geance ^u h] = h] ill-tim$ opposition4 ,b1 = all ?is bitt] fruit ( _! evil do+s1 ! p turn$ n back f _! own ways2 & !re=e ! /rophe ( lam5tation closes ) a ?reat ( utt] ext]m9ation3 ,_! remnant--! poor survival ( ^! fi]ce /orms--,_! remnant w ,i give to ! sword be=e _! foes4#fb ,if ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? v]ses be n a m]e int]polation 9 ?is *apt] 7see xvii4 #c1 #d71 _! prop] place w\ld seem to be "h1 z cont9u+ & amplify+ ! s5t5ce ^u ! residue ( ! p4 ,! text is unque/ionably corrupt1 & mu/ be am5d$ by help ( ! o!r passage1 :]e x is p>tially repeat$4 ,! twelf? v]se may be read ?us3 ,?y weal? & ?y treasures w ,i make a prey1 ,= ! s9 ( ?9e high places 9 all ?y bord]s4#fc ,!n ! f\rte5? v]se foll[s1 naturally en\gh1 ) an ann\ncem5t ( ! ,exile3 ,& ,i w en?ral !e to ?y foes ,9 a l& ?\ kn[e/ n3 ',= a fire is k9dl$ 9 ,m9e ang]1' ,t %all burn = ev]more6#fd ,! prophet has n[ fulfill$ 8 function ( judge by pron\nc+ ^u 8 p ! extreme p5alty ( ! law4 ,8 /rong p]ception ( ! national guilt & ( ! righte\sness ( ,god has left him no *oice 9 ! matt]4 ,b h[ little ?is duty ( condemnation accord$ ) 8 own individual feel+ z a man & a citiz5 is cle> f ! passionate outbreak ( ! succe$+ /rophe4 ,woe's me1 my "m1 he exclaims1 t ?\ b>e/ me1 ,a man ( /rife & a man ( cont5tion to all ! c\ntry6 ,nei!r l5d] nor borr[] h ,i be52 ,yet all ( !m d curse me4 ,a desp]ately bitt] tone1 ev9c+ ! angui% ( a man w\nd$ to ! he>t by ! s5se ( fruitless endeav\r & unju/ hatr$4 ,he _h done 8 utmo/ to save 8 c\ntry1 & 8 rew>d 0 univ]sal dete/ation4 ,8 innoc5ce & integrity 7 requit$ ) ! odium ( ! pitiless cr$itor :o enslaves 8 helpless victim1 & appropriates 8 all2 or ! fraudul5t borr[] :o repays a too ready confid5ce ) ru94#fe ,! next two v]ses answ] ?is bur/ ( grief & despair3 ,said ,iahvah1 ,?9e oppression %all be = good2 ,i w make ! foe ?y suppliant 9 "t ( evil & 9 "t ( di/ress4 ,c "o break iron1 ,iron f ! nor?1 & brass8 ,9 o!r words1 fai? c\nsels pati5ce1 & assures ! prophet t all ?+s "w toge!r = good to !m t love ,god4 ,! wrongs & bitt] treatm5t :i* he n[ endures w only en*ance 8 triumph1 :5 ! tru? ( 8 te/imony is at la/ confirm$ by ev5ts1 & !y :o n[ sc(f at 8 message1 come humbly to besee* 8 pray]s4 ,! clos+ l9es ref]1 ) grave irony1 to t unfl9*+ firmness1 t inflexible resolution1 :i*1 z a mess5g] ( ,god1 he 0 call$ ^u to ma9ta94 ,he is rem9d$ ( :at he _h und]tak5 at ! outset ( 8 c>e]1 & ( ! ,div9e ,^w :i* made him a pill> ( iron & walls ( brass aga9/ all ! l& 7i4 #ah74 ,is x possible t ! pill> ( iron c be brok51 & ! walls ( brass beat5 d[n by ! pres5t assault8 ,!re is a pause1 & !n ! prophet vehem5tly pleads 8 own cause ) ,iahvah4 ,sm>t+ ) ! s5se ( p]sonal wrong1 he urges t 8 suff]+ is = ! ,"l's own sake2 t consci\sness ( ! ,div9e call+ has dom9at$ 8 entire life1 ev] s9ce 8 d$ication to ! prophetic (fice2 & t ! hon\r ( ,iahvah requires 8 v9dication ^u 8 he>tless & h>d5$ adv]s>ies4 ,?\ kn[e/1 ,iahvah6 ,rememb] me1 & visit me1 & av5ge me on my p]secutors4 ,take me n away 9 ?y longsuff]+2 ,reg>d my be>+ ( reproa* = ,!e4 ,?y words 7 f\nd1 & ,i did eat !m1 ,& x became to me a joy & m9e he>t's gladness2 ,= ,i 0 call$ by ,?y ,"n1 ,o ,iahvah1 ,god ( ,sabao?6 ,i sate n 9 ! ga!r+ ( ! mir?ful1 nor rejoic$2 ,because ( ,?9e h& ,i sate solit>y1 ,= ) indignation ,?\ did/ fill me4 ,:y ha? my pa9 become p]petual1 ,& my /roke malignant1 incurable8 ,wilt ,?\ inde$ become to me l a delusive /ream1 ,l wat]s :i* are n la/+8 ,! pregnant expression1 ,?\ kn[e/1 ,iahvah6 does n ref] specially to any?+ t has be5 already said2 b r lays ! :ole case be=e ,god 9 a s+le ^w4 ,! ,?\ is emphatic2 ,?\1 ,:o kn[e/ all ?+s1 kn[e/ my he9\s wrongs3 ,?\ kn[e/ & see/ x all1 ?\gh ! :ole _w beside be bl9d ) passion & self-reg>d & s9 7,ps4 x4 #aa-ad74 ,?\ kn[e/ h[ press+ is my ne$2 !re=e ,take me n away 9 ,?y longsuff]+3 sacrifice n ! life ( ,?y s]vant to ! claims ( =be>ance ) 8 enemies & ,?9e4 ,! petition %ews h[ great 0 ! p]il 9 :i* ! prophet p]ceiv$ himself to /&3 he believes t if ,god delay to /rike d[n 8 adv]s>ies1 t longsuff]+ w be fatal to 8 own life4 ,! /r5g? ( 8 case is t he is p]secut$1 because he is fai?ful2 he be>s reproa* = ,god4 ,he has n abus$ 8 high call+ = ! sake ( worldly advantage2 he has n pro/itut$ ! "n ( prophet to ! vile ends ( pleas+ ! p1 & satisfy+ p]sonal covet\sness4 ,he has n feign$ smoo? prophecies1 mislead+ 8 he>]s ) flatt]+ falsehood2 b he has consid]$ ! privilege ( be+ call$ a prophet ( ,iahvah z 9 itself an all-suffici5t rew>d2 & :5 ! ,div9e ,^w came to him1 he has eag]ly receiv$1 & f$ 8 inmo/ s\l ^u t spiritual alim5t1 :i* 0 at once 8 su/5ance & 8 deepe/ joy4 ,o!r joys1 = ! ,"l's sake1 he has abjur$4 ,he has )drawn himself ev5 f h>mless mir?1 t 9 sil5ce & solitude he might li/5 int5tly to ! inw>d ,voice1 & reflect ) indignant sorr[ ^u ! revelation ( 8 p's corruption4 ,because ( ,?9e ,h&--"u ,?y influ5ce2 consci\s ( ! impulse & op]ation ( ,?y in=m+ ,_s2--,i sate solit>y2 = ) indignation ,?\ did/ fill me4 ,! man ^: eye has caught a glimpse ( et]nal ,tru?1 is apt to be dissatisfi$ ) ! %[s ( ?+s2 & ! ligh!>t$ m]rim5t ( ! _w r+s holl[ ^u ! e> t li/5s = ! ,voice ( ,god4 ,& ! revelation ( s9--! discov]y ( all t gha/ly evil :i* lurks b5ea? ! surface ( smoo? society--! appall+ vision ( ! grim skeleton hid+ its noisome decay beh9d ! mask ( smiles & gaiety2 ! p]ception ( ! hide\s incongruity ( revell+ ov] a grave2 has driv5 o!rs1 besides ,j]emiah1 to retire into !mselves1 & to avoid a _w f ^: evil !y revolt$1 & ^: =ese5 de/ruction !y deplor$4 ,! :ole passage is an ass]tion ( ! prophet's integrity & consi/5cy1 ) :i*1 x is sugge/$1 t ! failure :i* has att5d$ 8 ef=ts1 & ! s]i\s p]il 9 :i* he /&s1 are morally inconsi/5t1 & p>adoxical 9 view ( ! ,div9e disposal ( ev5ts4 ,"h1 9 fact1 z else:]e1 ,j]emiah has freely op5$ 8 he>t1 & all[$ u to see ! :ole process ( 8 spiritual conflict 9 ! agony ( 8 mom5ts ( d\bt & despair4 ,x is an argum5t ( 8 own p]fect s9c]ity2 &1 at ! same "t1 x enables u to assimilate ! lesson ( 8 exp]i5ce1 & to pr(it by ! heav5ly guidance he receiv$1 f> m effectually1 ?an if he _h left u ignorant ( ! pa9ful /ruggles at ! co/ ( :i* t guidance 0 won4 ,! seem+ inju/ice or indiff]5ce ( ,provid5ce is a problem :i* recurs to ?\ghtful m9ds 9 all g5]ations ( m54 ,o1 goddes cruel1 t govrne ,?is _w ) byndyng ( y\re ^w et]ne 444 ,:at gov]nance is 9 y\re presci5ce ,t gilteles torm5te? innoc5ce8444 ,alas6 ,i see a s]p5t or a !if1 ,t _m a trew man ha? doon mes*eit1 ,gon at 8 l>ge1 & :] him lu/e may turne2 ,b ,i mo/e be 9 pris\n4 ,t su* app>5t anomalies are b a pass+ trial1 f :i* p]si/5t fai? w em]ge victori\s 9 ! pres5t life1 is ! g5]al answ] ( ! ,old ,te/am5t to ! d\bts :i* !y sugge/4 ,! only suffici5t explanation 0 res]v$1 to be reveal$ by ,him1 :o1 9 ! fulness ( "t1 br\ght life & immortality to light4 ,! ?\ght :i* re/or$ ! fail+ confid5ce & c\rage ( ,j]emiah 0 ! reflexion t su* compla9ts 7 unwor?y ( "o call$ to be a spokesman = ! ,highe/2 t ! supposition ( ! possibility ( ! ,f\nta9 ( ,liv+ ,wat]s fail+ l a w9t] torr5t1 t runs dry 9 ! summ] heats1 0 an act ( unfai?fulness t m]it$ repro(2 & t ! true ,god c\ld n fail to protect ,8 mess5g]1 & to secure ! triumph ( tru? 9 ! end4 ,to ?is ,iahvah said ?us3 ,if ?\ come aga91 ,i w make !e aga9 to /& be=e ,me2 ,& if ?\ utt] t is preci\s r ?an t is vile1 ,z ,my m\? %alt ?\ become3 ,!y %all return unto !e1 ,b ,?\ %alt n return unto !m4 ,& ,i w make !e to ?is p an embattl$ wall ( brass2 ,& !y %all fight aga9/ !e1 b n ov]come !e1 ,= ,i w be ) !e to help !e & to save !e2 ,x is ,iahvah's ^w4 ,& ,i w save !e out ( ! grasp ( ! wick$1 ,& w ransom !e out ( ! h& ( ! t]rible4 ,9 ! =m] /rophe1 ! inspir$ poet set =? ! claims ( ! psy*ic man1 & p\r$ out 8 he>t be=e ,god4 ,n[ he recognises a ,^w ( ,god 9 ! prote/ ( 8 bett] feel+4 ,he sees t :]e he rema9s true to himself1 he w also /& ne> to 8 ,god4 ,h5ce spr+s ! hope1 :i* he _c r5\nce1 t ,god w protect ,8 accept$ s]vant 9 ! execution ( ! ,div9e comm&s4 ,?us ! discords are resolv$2 & ! prophet's _s atta9s to peace1 aft] /ruggl+ ?r\gh ! /orm4 ,x 0 an outcome ( e>ne/ pray]1 ( an unres]v$ exposure ( 8 inmo/ he>t be=e ,god4 ,:at a m>vel x is--t in/9ct ( pray]6 ,to ?9k t a be+ ^: visible life has its beg9n+ & its end1 a be+ :o manife/ly %>es possession ( ?is e>? ) ! brute creation1 & brea!s ! same air1 & p>takes ( ! same elem5ts ) !m = ! su/5ance ( 8 body2 :o is organiz$ ^u ! same g5]al plan z !y1 has ! same pr9cipal memb]s dis*>g+ ! same ess5tial functions 9 ! economy ( 8 bodily sy/em2 a be+ :o is born & eats & dr9ks & sleeps & dies l all o!r animals2--t ?is be+ & ?is be+ only ( all ! multitud9\s k9ds ( animat$ creatures1 %\ld h & ex]cise a faculty ( look+ (f & above ! visible :i* appe>s to be ! sole realm ( actual exi/5ce1 & ( hold+ communion ) ! ,unse56 ,t1 foll[+ :at seems to be an orig9al impulse ( 8 nature1 he %\ld /& 9 great] awe ( ?is ,invisible ?an ( any p[] t is palpable to s5se2 %\ld seek to w9 its fav\r1 crave its help 9 times ( pa9 & conflict & p]il2 %\ld pr(ess$ly live1 n accord+ to ! b5t ( common nature & ! appetites insep>able f 8 bodily /ructure1 b accord+ to ! w & guidance ( t ,unse5 ,p[]6 ,surely !re is "h a consummate m>vel4 ,& ! wond] ( x does n dim9i%1 :5 x is rememb]$ t ?is in/9ct ( turn+ to an unse5 ,guide & ,arbit] ( ev5ts1 is n peculi> to any p>ticul> section ( ! human race4 ,wide & manifold z are ! diff]5ces :i* *>act]ize & divide ! families ( man1 all races possess 9 common ! appreh5sion ( ! ,unse5 & ! in/9ct ( pray]4 ,! olde/ records ( humanity be> witness to its primitive activity1 & :atev] is kn[n ( human hi/ory comb9es ) :at is kn[n ( ! "* & work+s ( ! human m9d to tea* u t z pray] has nev] be5 unkn[n1 s x is nev] likely to become obsolete4 ,may we n recognise 9 ?is great fact ( human nature a sure index ( a great correspond+ tru?8 ,c we avoid tak+ x z a cle> tok5 ( ! reality ( revelation2 z a k9d ( imm$iate & spontane\s evid5ce on ! "p ( nature t !re is & always has be5 9 ?is l[] _w "s positive k ( t :i* f> transc5ds x1 "s real appreh5sion ( ! my/]y t enfolds ! univ]se8 a k & an appreh5sion :i*1 h[ev] imp]fect & fragm5t>y1 h[ev] fitful & fluctuat+1 h[ev] blurr$ 9 outl9e & lo/ 9 inf9ite %ad[1 is yet incomp>ably m & bett] ?an none at all4 ,are we n1 9 %ort1 morally driv5 ^u ! conviction t ?is p[]ful in/9ct ( our nature is nei!r bl9d nor aimless2 t its ,object is a true1 sub/antive ,be+2 & t ?is ,be+ has discov]$1 & yet discov]s1 "s preci\s glimpses ( ,himself & ,8 ess5tial "* to ! _s ( mortal man8 ,x mu/ be s1 unless we admit t ! s\l's de>e/ desires are a mock+ illusion1 t h] aspirations t[>ds a tru? & a goodness ( sup]human p]fection are moon%9e & madness4 ,x _c be no?+ness t avails to evoke ! deepe/ & pure/ emotions ( our nature2 n m]e vacuity & *aos1 we>+ ! semblance ( an azure heav54 ,x is n into a measureless wa/e ( out] d>kness t we rea* =? trembl+ h&s4 ,surely ! _s ( d5ial is ! _s t fell f heav51 & ! be/ & highe/ ( man's ?\ghts aim at & affirm some?+ positive1 some?+ t is1 & ! s\l ?ir/s aft] ,god1 ! ,liv+ ,god4 ,we he> mu* 9 ^! days ( our physical nature4 ,! microscopic inve/igations ( sci5ce leave no?+ unexam9$1 no?+ unexplor$1 s f> z ! visible organism is conc]n$4 ,rays f _m di/9ct s\rces conv]ge to ?r[ an ev]-increas+ light ^u ! my/]ies ( our bodily con/itution4 ,9 all ?is1 sci5ce pres5ts to ! dev\t m9d a valuable subsidi>y revelation ( ! p[] & goodness ( ! ,creator4 ,b sci5ce _c advance alone "o /ep beyond ! ?+s ( "t & s5se2 h] facts belong exclusively to ! mat]ial ord] ( exi/5ce2 h] cognition is limit$ to ! v>i\s modes & conditions ( =ce t con/itute ! realm ( sight & t\*2 %e _c climb above ^! to a high] plane ( be+4 ,& small blame x is to sci5ce1 t %e ?us lacks ! p[] ( ov]/epp+ h] natural b\nd>ies4 ,! evil beg9s :5 ! m5 ( sci5ce v5ture1 9 h] mu*-abus$ "n1 to ignore & d5y realities n am5able to sci5tific te/s1 & immeasurably transc5d+ all m]ely physical /&>ds & me?ods4 ,nei!r ! natural hi/ory nor ! physiology ( man1 nor bo? toge!r1 are compet5t to give a complete acc\nt ( 8 m>vell\s & _m-sid$ be+4 ,yet "s ?9k]s appe> to imag9e t :5 a place has be5 assign$ him 9 ! animal k+dom1 & 8 close relation%ip to =ms bel[ him 9 ! scale ( life has be5 demon/rat$2 :5 e tissue & /ructure has be5 analys$1 & e organ describ$ & its function asc]ta9$2 !n ! la/ ^w has be5 spok51 & ! subject exhau/$4 ,^? unique & di/+ui%+ faculties by :i* all ?is amaz+ "w ( obs]vation1 comp>ison1 reason+1 has be5 accompli%$1 appe> ei!r to be left out ( ! acc\nt altoge!r1 or to be h&l$ ) a meagre inadequacy ( treatm5t t contra/s 9 ! /ronge/ mann] ) ! fulness & ! elaboration :i* m>k ! o!r discussion4 ,& ! m ?is physical aspect ( our composite nature is emphasiz$2 ! m urg5tly x is insi/$ t1 someh[ or o!r1 all t is 9 man & all t comes ( man may be expla9$ on ! assumption t he is ! natural climax ( ! animal creation1 a k9d ( educat$ & glorifi$ brute--t & no?+ m2--! h>d] x becomes to give any rational acc\nt ( ^? facts ( 8 nature :i* are commonly recognis$ z spiritual1 & among !m ( ?is in/9ct ( pray] & its ,object4 ,"u ^! disc\rag+ circum/ances1 m5 are fatally prone to seek escape f _! self-involv$ dilemma1 by a h>dy d5ial ( :at _! me?ods h fail$ to discov] & _! fav\rite !ories to expla94 ,! s\l & ,god are treat$ z m]e metaphysical expressions1 or z popul> designations ( ! unkn[n causes ( ph5om5a2 & pray] is decl>$ to be an act ( fooli% sup]/ition :i* p]sons ( culture h long s9ce outgr[n4 ,sad & /range ?is result is2 b x is also ! natural outcome ( an initial error1 :i* is none ! less real because unp]ceiv$4 ,m5 seek ! liv+ among ! dead2 !y expect to f9d ! s\l by po/ mortem exam9ation1 or to see ,god by help ( an improv$ telescope4 ,!y fail & are disappo9t$1 ?\gh !y h little "r to be s1 = spiritual ?+s are disc]n$ spiritually1 & n o!rwise4 ,9 speculat+ on ! reasons ( ?is lam5table issue1 we mu/ n =get t !re is su* a ?+ z an unpurifi$ intellect z well z a corrupt & unreg5]ate he>t4 ,s9 is n re/rict$ to ! affections ( ! l[] nature2 x has also invad$ ! realm ( ?\ght & reason4 ,! v pursuit ( k1 noble & elevat+ z x is commonly e/eem$1 is n )\t its dang]s ( self-delusion & s94 ,:]ev] ! love ( self is p>am\nt1 :]ev] ! object really s\ght is ! delight1 ! satisfaction1 ! indulg5ce ( self1 no matt] 9 :i* ( ! _m dep>tm5ts ( human life & action1 !re is s94 ,x is c]ta9 t ! intellectual consci\sness has its own peculi> pleasures1 & ^? ( ! ke5e/ & mo/ transport+ "*2 c]ta9 t ! incessant pursuit ( su* pleasures may come to absorb ! entire en]gies ( a man1 s t no room is left = ! culture ( humility or love or wor%ip4 ,ev]y?+ is sacrific$ to :at is call$ ! pursuit ( tru?1 b is 9 sob] fact a passionate prosecution ( private pleasure4 ,x is n tru? t is s highly valu$2 x is ! ke5 excitem5t ( ! race1 & n seldom ! plaudits ( ! spectators :5 ! goal is won4 ,su* a c>e] may be z ?or\ghly selfi% & s9ful & ali5at$ f ,god z a c>e] ( common wick$ness4 ,& ?us employ$ or en?rall$1 no intellectual gifts1 h[ev] spl5did1 c br+ a man to ! disc]nm5t ( spiritual tru?4 ,n self-pleas+ & fooli% vanity & arrogant self-ass]tion1 b a self-r5\nc+ humility1 an inw>d purity f idols ( e k9d1 a rev]5ce ( tru? z div9e1 are indisp5sable conditions ( ! p]ception ( ?+s spiritual4 ,! repres5tation :i* is (t5 giv5 is a m]e trave/y4 ,believ]s 9 ,god d n want to alt] ,8 laws by _! pray]s--nei!r ,8 laws physical1 nor ,8 laws moral & spiritual4 ,x is _! *ief desire to be br\ght into submission or p]fect ob$i5ce to ! sum ( ,8 laws4 ,!y ask _! ,fa!r 9 heav5 to lead & tea* !m1 to supply _! wants 9 ,8 own way1 because ,he is _! ,fa!r2 because ,x is ,he t made u1 & ,8 we are4 ,surely1 a reasonable reque/1 & gr\nd$ 9 reason4 ,to a pla9 man1 seek+ = argum5ts to ju/ify pray] may well seem l seek+ a ju/ification ( brea?+1 or eat+ & dr9k+ & sleep+1 or any o!r natural function4 ,our ,"l nev] does any?+ ( ! k9d1 because ,8 tea*+ takes = grant$ ! ultimate preval5ce ( common s5se1 9 spite ( all ! subtleties & airspun p]plexities1 9 :i* a speculative m9d delights to lose itself4 ,s long z man has o!r wants ?an ^? :i* he c himself supply1 pray] w be _! natural expression4 ,if !re be a spiritual z di/9ct f a mat]ial _w1 ! difficulty to ! ord9>y m9d is n to conceive ( _! contact b ( _! absolute isolation f ea* o!r4 ,?is is surely ! inevitable result ( our own individual exp]i5ce1 ( ! intimate ?\gh n indissoluble union ( body & _s 9 e liv+ p]son4 ,h[1 x may be ask$1 c we really ?9k ( 8 ,mak] be+ cut (f f man1 or man f 8 ,mak]8 ,god 7 n ,god1 if ,he left man to himself4 ,b n only are ,8 wisdom1 ju/ice & love manife/$ =? 9 ! b5efic5t arrangem5ts ( ! _w 9 :i* we f9d ourselves2 n only is ,he k9d to ! unju/ & ! un?ankful4 ,9 pa9 & loss ,he quick5s our s5se ( ,himself 7cf4 xiv4 #ai-bb74 ,ev5 9 ! fir/ mom5ts ( angry surprise & revolt1 t s5se is quick5$2 we rebel1 n aga9/ an inanimate _w or an imp]sonal law1 b aga9/ a ,liv+ & ,p]sonal ,be+1 :om we ackn[l$ge z ! ,arbit] ( our de/9ies1 & ^: wisdom & love & p[] we affect = ! "t to "q1 b _c really ga9say4 ,! :ole ( our exp]i5ce t5ds to ?is end--to ! cont9ual r\s+ ( our spiritual consci\sness4 ,!re is no int]f]5ce1 no isolat$ & caprici\s int]position or int]ruption ( ord] )9 or )\t u4 ,)9 & )\t u1 ,8 ,w is always en]giz+1 always manife/+ =? ,8 ,be+1 enc\rag+ our confid5ce1 dem&+ our ob$i5ce & homage4 ,?us pray] has its ,div9e z well z its human side2 x is ! ,holy ,_s draw+ ! s\l1 z well z ! s\l draw+ nigh unto ,god4 ,! case is l ! action & reaction ( ! magnet & ! /eel4 ,& s pray] is n a fooli% act ( unau?oris$ presumption1 n a ra% ef=t to approa* unapproa*able & absolutely isolat$ ,maje/y4 ,:5ev] man truly prays1 8 ,div9e ,k+ has already ext5d$ ! sceptre ( ,8 m]cy1 & bidd5 him speak4 xvi4-xvii4 ,aft] ! r5ewal ( ! promise !re is a natural pause1 m>k$ by ! =mula ) :i* ! pres5t section op5s4 ,:5 ! prophet _h recov]$ 8 firmness1 ?r\gh ! inspir$ & inspir+ reflexions :i* took possession ( 8 s\l aft] he _h laid b>e 8 inmo/ he>t be=e ,god 7xv4 #bj1 #ba71 he 0 9 a position to receive fur!r guidance f above4 ,:at n[ lies be=e u is ! direction1 :i* came to him z c]ta9ly ,div9e1 = ! regulation ( 8 own future behavi\r z ! *os5 m9i/] ( ,iahvah at ?is crisis 9 ! hi/ory ( 8 p4 ,& !re fell a ^w ( ,iahvah unto me1 say+3 ,?\ %alt n take !e a wife2 t ?\ get n sons & daught]s 9 ?is place4 ,su* a prohibition reveals1 ) ! utmo/ possible cle>ness & emphasis1 ! gravity ( ! exi/+ situation4 ,x implies t ! peace & p]man5ce1 s glibly pr$ict$ by ,j]emiah's oppon5ts1 w nev] m be kn[n by t s9ful g5]ation4 ,?is place1 ! holy place :i* ,iahvah _h *os51 to e/abli% ,8 "n !re1 z ! ,book ( ! ,law s (t5 describes x2 ?is place1 :i* _h be5 inviolable to ! fi]ce ho/s ( ! ,assyrian 9 ! "t ( ,isaiah 7,isa4 xxxvii4 #cc71 0 n[ no m a sure refuge1 b doom$ to utt] & spe$y de/ruction4 ,to beget sons & daught]s !re 0 to prep>e m victims = ! too? ( fam9e1 & ! pangs ( pe/il5ce1 & ! dev\r+ sword ( a m]ciless conqu]or4 ,x 0 to fatt5 ! soil ) unburi$ c>cases1 & to spread a hide\s banquet = birds & bea/s ( prey4 ,*ildr5 & p>5ts 7 doom$ to p]i% toge!r2 & ,iahvah's witness 0 to keep himself un5cumb]$ by ! sweet c>es ( husb& & fa!r1 t he might be :olly free = 8 solemn duties ( m5ace & w>n+1 & be ready = e em]g5cy4 ,= ?us ha? ,iahvah said3 ,conc]n+ ! sons & conc]n+ ! daught]s t are born 9 ?is place1 ,& conc]n+ _! mo!rs t be> !m1 ,& conc]n+ _! fa!rs t beget !m1 9 ?is l&3 ,by dea?s ( agony %all !y die2 ,!y %all n be m\rn$ nor buri$2 ,= dung on ! face ( ! gr\nd %all !y s]ve2 ,& by ! sword & by ! fam9e %all !y be =done3 ,& _! c>case %all s]ve = food ,to ! f[ls ( ! air & to ! bea/s ( ! e>? 7xvi4 #c-d74 ,! dea?s ( agony seem to indicate ! pe/il5ce1 :i* always ensu$ ^u ! sc>city & vile quality ( food1 & ! conf9em5t ( multitudes )9 ! n>r[ b\nds ( a besieg$ city 7see ,josephus' well-kn[n acc\nt ( ! la/ siege ( ,j]usalem74 ,! attitude ( solit>y wat*fulness & /rict sep>ation1 :i* ! prophet ?us p]ceiv$ to be requir$ by circum/ances1 0 calculat$ to be a w>n+ ( ! utmo/ significance1 among a p :o atta*$ ! highe/ importance to m>riage1 & ! p]man5ce ( ! family4 ,x proclaim$ m l\dly ?an words c\ld d1 ! prophet's absolute conviction t (fspr+ 0 no pl$ge ( p]man5ce2 t univ]sal dea? 0 hang+ ov] a condemn$ nation4 ,b n only ?is4 ,x m>ks a po9t ( progress 9 ! prophet's spiritual life4 ,! crisis1 ?r\gh :i* we h se5 him pass1 has purg$ 8 m5tal vision4 ,he no long] rep9es at 8 d>k lot2 no long] half envies ! false prophets1 :o may w9 ! popul> love by pleas+ oracles ( peace & well-be+2 no long] compla9s ( ! ,div9e ,w1 :i* has laid su* a burd5 ^u him4 ,he sees n[ t 8 "p is to refuse ev5 natural & innoc5t pleasures = ! ,"l's sake2 to =esee calamity & ru92 to d5\nce unceas+ly ! s9 he sees ar\nd him2 to sacrifice a t5d] & affectionate he>t to a life ( rigid asceticism2 & he manfully accepts 8 "p4 ,he kn[s t he /&s alone--! la/ =tress ( tru? 9 a _w ( falsehood2 & t = tru? x becomes a man to surr5d] 8 all4 ,t :i* foll[s t5ds to complete ! prophet's social isolation4 ,he is to give no sign ( sympa?y 9 ! common joys & sorr[s ( 8 k9d4 ,= ?us ha? ,iahvah said3 ,ent] ?\ n into ! h\se ( m\rn+1 ,nor g to lam5t1 nor com=t ?\ !m3 ,= ,i h tak5 away ,my fri5d%ip f ?is p 7',tis ,iahvah's utt]ance67 ,! lov+k9dness & ! compassion2 ,& old & "y %all die 9 ?is l&1 ,!y %all n be buri$1 & m5 %all n wail = !m2 ,nor %all a man cut himself1 nor make himself bald1 = !m3 ,nei!r %all m5 deal out bread to !m 9 m\rn+1 ,to com=t a man ov] ! dead2 ,nor %all !y give !m to dr9k ! cup ( consolation1 ,ov] a man's fa!r & ov] 8 "m4 ,& ! h\se ( fea/+ ?\ %alt n ent]1 ,to sit ) !m to eat & to dr9k4 ,= ?us ha? ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 said3 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to make to cease f ?is place1 ,be=e y\r own eyes & 9 y\r own days1 ,voice ( mir? & voice ( gladness1 ,! voice ( ! bridegroom & ! voice ( ! bride4 ,act+ z prophet1 t is1 z "o ^: public actions 7 symbolical ( a ,div9e int5t1 ,j]emiah is h5ce=? to /& alo(1 on occasions :5 natural feel+ w\ld sugge/ p>ticipation 9 ! outw>d life ( 8 fri5ds & acqua9tance4 ,he is to quell ! inw>d /irr+s ( affection & sympa?y1 & to ab/a9 f play+ 8 "p 9 ^? demon/rative lam5tations ov] ! dead1 :i* ! immemorial cu/om & s5tim5t ( 8 c\ntry reg>d$ z obligatory2 & ?is1 9 ord] to signify unmi/akably t :at ?us appe>$ to be ! /ate ( 8 own feel+s1 0 really ! aspect "u :i* ,god w\ld %ortly appe> to a nation p]i%+ 9 its guilt4 ,ent] n into ! h\se ( m\rn+ 444 = ,i h tak5 away ,my fri5d%ip f ?is p1 ! lov+k9dness & ! compassion4 ,an e/rang$ & ali5at$ ,god w\ld view ! com+ cata/rophe ) ! cold indiff]5ce ( exact ju/ice4 ,& ! consequ5ce ( ! ,div9e av]sion w\ld be a calamity s ov]:elm+1 t ! dead w\ld be left )\t ^? rites ( burial1 :i* ! feel+ & consci5ce ( all races ( mank9d h always be5 c>eful to p]=m4 ,!re %\ld be no burial1 mu* less c]emonial lam5tation1 & ^? m s]i\s modes ( ev9c+ grief by disfigurem5t ( ! p]son1#ff :i*1 l te>+ ! hair & r5d+ ! g>m5ts1 are natural tok5s ( ! fir/ di/raction ( b]eavem5t4 ,n = wife or *ild 73 see ,g54 xxiii4 #c71 nor = fa!r or "m %\ld ! fun]al fea/ be held2 = m5's he>ts w\ld gr[ h>d at ! daily spectacle ( dea?1 & at la/ !re w\ld be no survivors4 ,9 l mann]1 ! prophet is =bidd5 to ent] z gue/ ! h\se ( fea/+4 ,he is n to be se5 at ! m>riage-fea/1--t occasion ( highe/ rejoic+1 ! v type & example ( innoc5t & holy mir?2 to te/ify by 8 ab/5tion t ! day ( judgm5t 0 swiftly approa*+1 :i* w\ld desolate all homes1 & sil5ce = ev]more all s\nds ( joy & gladness 9 ! ru9$ city4 ,& x is expressly add$ t ! bl[ w fall be=e y\r own eyes & 9 y\r own days2 %ew+ t ! h\r ( doom 0 v ne>1 & w\ld no m be delay$4 ,9 all ?is1 x is noticeable t ! ,div9e answ] appe>s to be> special ref]5ce to ! peculi> t]ms ( ! prophet's compla9t4 ,9 despair+ tones he _h cri$ 7xv4 #aj71 ,woe's me1 my "m1 t ?\ did/ be> me6 & n[ he is himself w>n$ n to take a wife1 & seek ! bless+ ( *ildr54 ,! outw>d connexion "h may be3 ,let x n be t ?y *ildr5 speak ( !e1 z ?\ ha/ spok5 ( ?y "m6#fg ,b ! inn] l9k ( ?\ght may r be ?is1 t ! prophet's tempor>y unfai?fulness ev9c$ 9 8 outcry aga9/ ,god & 8 lam5t t ev] he 0 born is puni%$ by ! d5ial to him ( ! joys ( fa!rhood--a p5alty :i* w\ld be sev]e to a lov+1 ye>n+ nature l 81 b :i* 0 d\btless necess>y to ! purification ( 8 _s f all worldly ta9t1 & to ! discipl9e ( 8 natural impati5ce & t5d5cy to rep9e "u ! h& ( ,god4 ,8 puni%m5t1 l t ( ,moses1 may appe> disproportionate to 8 (f5ce2 b ,god's deal+s ) man are n regulat$ by any me*anical calculation ( less & m1 b by ,8 p]fect k ( ! ne$s ( ! case2 & x is (t5 9 true/ m]cy t ,8 h& /rikes h>d4 ,z gold 9 ! furnace do? ,he try !m2 & ! pure/ metal comes out ( ! hotte/ fire4 ,fur!r1 x is n ! lea/ prom95t b ! lead+ "p ( a man's nature t mo/ requires ?is heav5ly discipl9e1 if ! be/ is to be made ( x t c be made4 ,! /ronge/ elem5t1 t :i* is mo/ *>act]i/ic ( ! p]son1 t :i* con/itutes 8 individuality1 is ! *os5 field ( ,div9e influ5ce & op]ation2 = "h lies ! greate/ ne$4 ,9 ,j]emiah ?is ma/] elem5t 0 an almo/ fem99e t5d]ness2 a w>mly affectionate disposition1 crav+ ! love & sympa?y ( 8 fell[s1 & recoil+ almo/ 9 agony f ! spectacle ( pa9 & suff]+4 ,& !re=e x 0 t ! ,div9e discipl9e 0 specially appli$ to ?is elem5t 9 ! prophet's p]sonality4 ,9 him1 z 9 all o!r m51 ! good 0 m+l$ ) evil1 :i*1 if n purg$ away1 might spread until x spoil$ 8 :ole nature4 ,x is n virtue to indulge our own b5t1 m]ely because x pleases u to d s2 nor is ! ex]cise ( affection any great matt] to an affectionate nature4 ,! involv$ /ra9 ( selfi%ness mu/ be sep>at$1 if any naturally good gift is to be elevat$ to moral wor?1 to become acceptable 9 ! sight ( ,god4 ,& s x 0 precisely "h1 9 8 mo/ susceptible po9t1 t ! sword ( trial pi]c$ ! prophet ?r\gh4 ,he 0 sav$ f all haz>d ( becom+ satisfi$ ) ! love ( wife & *ildr51 & =gett+ 9 t e>?ly satisfaction ! love ( 8 ,god4 ,he 0 sav$ f absorption 9 ! pleasures ( fri5dly int]c\rse ) neighb\rs1 f pass+ 8 days 9 an agreeable r\nd ( social am5ities2 at a "t :5 ru9 0 imp5d+ ov] 8 c\ntry1 & well nigh ready to fall4 ,& ! means :i* ,god *ose = ! accompli%m5t ( ?is result 7 precisely ^? ( :i* ! prophet _h compla9$ 7xv4 #ag72 8 social isolation1 :i* ?\gh 9 "p a matt] ( *oice1 0 p>tly =c$ ^u him by ! irritation & ill-w ( 8 acqua9tance4 ,x is n[ decl>$ t ?is trial is to cont9ue4 ,! ,"l does n necess>ily remove a tr\ble1 :5 entreat$ to d x4 ,he manife/s ,8 love by giv+ /r5g? to be> x1 until ! "w ( *a/5+ be p]fect$4 ,an int]ruption is n[ suppos$1 su* z may (t5 h occurr$ 9 ! c\rse ( ,j]emiah's public utt]ances4 ,! audi5ce dem&s to "k :y all ?is evil is orda9$ to fall ^u !m4 ,:at is our guilt & :at our trespass1 t we h trespass$ aga9/ ,iahvah our ,god8 ,! answ] is a tw(old accusation4 ,_! fa!rs 7 fai?less to ,iahvah1 & !y h outdone _! fa!rs' s92 & ! p5alty w be expulsion & a =eign s]vitude4 ,because y\r fa!rs =sook ,me 7,x is ,iahvah's ^w67 ,& w5t aft] o!r gods1 & s]v$ !m1 & b[$ d[n to !m1 ,& ,me !y =sook1 & ,my tea*+ !y obs]v$ n3 ,& ye y\rselves 7or1 z = y7 h done worse ?an y\r fa!rs2 ,& lo1 ye walk ea* aft] ! /ubbornness ( 8 evil he>t1 ,s z n to he>k5 unto ,me4 ,!re=e w ,i hurl y f (f ?is l&1 ,on to ! l& t ye & y\r fa!rs knew n2 ,& ye may s]ve !re o!r gods1 day & night1 ,s9ce ,i w n grant y grace4 ,! damn+ s9 laid to ,israel's *>ge is idolatry1 ) all ! moral consequ5ces involv$ 9 t prime transgression4 ,t is to say1 ! (f5ce consi/$ n b>ely 9 recognis+ & hon\r+ ! gods ( ! nations along ) _! own ,god1 ?\gh t 7 fault en\gh1 z an act ( treason aga9/ ! sole maje/y ( ,heav52 b x 0 aggravat$ enorm\sly by ! moral decl5sion & depravity1 :i* accompani$ ?is apo/asy4 ,!y & _! fa!rs =sook ,iahvah & kept n ,8 tea*+2 a ref]5ce to ! ,book ( ! ,law1 consid]$ n only z a collection ( ritual & c]emonial precepts = ! regulation ( ext]nal religion1 b z a guide ( life & conduct4 ,& !re _h be5 a progress 9 evil2 ! nation _h gone f bad to worse ) fe>ful rapidity3 s t n[ x c\ld be said ( ! exi/+ g5]ation t x paid no he$ at all to ! monitions :i* ,iahvah utt]$ by ! m\? ( ,8 prophet1 b walk$ simply 9 /ubborn self-w & ! indulg5ce ( e corrupt incl9ation4 ,& "h too1 z 9 s _m o!r cases1 ! s9 is to be its own puni%m5t4 ,! ,book ( ! ,law _h decl>$ t revolt f ,iahvah %\ld be puni%$ by en=c$ s]vice ( /range gods 9 a /range l& 7,deut4 iv4 #bh1 xxviii4 #cf1 #fd72 & ,j]emiah repeats ?is ?reat1 ) ! addition ( a tone ( ironical concession3 !re1 9 y\r bitt] bani%m5t1 y may h y\r wi% to ! full2 y may s]ve ! =eign gods1 & t )\t int]mission 7imply+ t ! s]vice w\ld be a slav]y74 ,! :ole !ory ( ,div9e puni%m5t is implicit 9 ^! few words ( ! prophet4 ,!y :o s9 p]si/5tly aga9/ light & k are at la/ giv5 ov] to _! own he>ts' lu/1 to d z !y please1 )\t ! graci\s *eck ( ,god's inw>d voice4 ,& !n !re comes a /rong delusion1 s t !y believe a lie1 & take evil = good & good = evil1 & hold !mselves innoc5t be=e ,god1 :5 _! guilt has rea*$ its climax2 s t1 l ,j]emiah's he>]s1 if _! evil be d5\nc$1 !y c ask 9 a/oni%m5t3 ,:at is our iniquity8 or :at is our trespass8 ,!y are s ripe 9 s9 t !y reta9 no k ( x z s91 b hold x virtue4 ,& !y1 s p]fect is _! mis]y1 ,n once p]ceive _! f\l disfigurem5t1 ,b boa/ !mselves m comely ?an be=e4 ,& n only d we f9d 9 ?is passage a /rik+ in/ance ( judicial bl9dness z ! p5alty ( s94 ,we may see also 9 ! p5alty pr$ict$ = ! ,jews a pla9 analogy to ! doctr9e t ! p]man5ce ( ! s9ful /ate 9 a life to come is ! p5alty ( s9 9 ! pres5t life4 ,he t is unju/1 let him be unju/ /ill2 & he t is fil?y1 let him be fil?y /ill6 & "k himself to be :at he is4 ,! prophet's d>k horizon is "h app>5tly lit up = a mom5t by a gleam ( hope4 ,! f\rte5? & fifte5? v]ses1 h[ev]1 ) _! beautiful promise ( re/oration1 really belong to ano!r oracle1 ^: prevail+ tones are q diff]5t f ! pres5t gloomy =eca/ ( retribution 7xxiii4 #g sqq474 ,"h !y int]rupt ! s5se1 & make a cleavage 9 ! connexion ( ?\ght1 :i* c only be bridg$ ov] artificially1 by ! sugge/ion t ! import ( ! two v]ses is prim>ily n consolatory b m9atory2 t is to say1 t !y ?reat5 ,exile r ?an promise ,return2 a mode ( und]/&+ ! two v]ses :i* does manife/ viol5ce to ! :ole =m ( expression1 &1 above all1 to _! obvi\s =ce 9 ! orig9al passage f :i* !y h be5 transf]r$ hi!r4 ,probably "s transcrib] ( ! text wrote !m 9 ! m>g9 ( 8 copy1 by way ( palliat+ ! o!rwise unbrok5 gloom ( ?is oracle ( com+ woe4 ,!n1 at "s lat] "t1 ano!r copyi/1 suppos+ ! m>g9al note indicat$ an omission1 incorporat$ ! two v]ses 9 8 transcription ( ! text1 :]e !y h rema9$ ev] s9ce4 7,see on xxiii4 #g1 #h47 ,aft] pla9ly ann\nc+ 9 ! language ( ,deut]onomy ! expulsion ( ,judah f ! l& :i* !y _h desecrat$ by idolatry1 ! prophet develops ! idea 9 8 own poetic fa%ion2 repres5t+ ! puni%m5t z univ]sal1 & insi/+ t x is a puni%m5t1 & n an unm]it$ mis=tune4 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to s5d _m fi%]s 7,x is ,iahvah's ^w67 ,& !y %all fi% !m2 ,& aft]w>ds w ,i s5d _m hunt]s1 ,& !y %all hunt !m1 ,f (f e m\nta91 ,& f (f e hill1 ,& out ( ! clefts ( ! rocks4 ,l silly fi%1 cr[d+ helplessly "o ov] ano!r into ! net1#fh :5 ! fat$ mom5t arrives1 ,judah w fall an easy prey to ! de/roy]4 ,& aft]w>ds1 to ensure complet5ess1 ^? :o h surviv$ ?is fir/ disa/] w be hunt$ l wild bea/s1 out ( all ! d5s & caves 9 ! m\nta9s1 ! ,adullams & ,eng$is1 :]e !y h f\nd a refuge f ! invad]4 ,!re is cle>ly ref]5ce to two di/9ct visitations ( wra?1 ! latt] m deadly ?an ! =m]2 else :y ! use ( ! emphatic note ( "t aft]w>ds8 ,if we und]/& by ! fi%+ ( ! c\ntry ! s-call$ fir/ captivity1 ! c>ry+ away ( ! boy-k+ ,jehoia*9 & 8 "m & 8 nobles & t5 ?\s& pr9cipal citiz5s1 by ,nebu*adrezz> to ,babylon 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #aj sqq472 & by ! hunt+ ! f9al cata/rophe 9 ! "t ( ,z$ekiah2 we get1 z we %all see1 a probable explanation ( a difficult expression 9 ! eighte5? v]se1 :i* _c o!rwise be satisfactorily acc\nt$ =4 ,! next words 7v]4 #ag7 refute an assumption1 impli$ 9 ! popul> dem& to "k :]e9 ! guilt ( ! nation consi/s1 t ,iahvah is n really cognisant ( _! acts ( apo/asy4 ,= ,m9e eyes are ^u all _! ways1 ,!y are n hidd5 away f be=e ,my face2 ,nor is _! guilt kept secret f be=e ,m9e eyes4 ,! v]se is ?us an indirect reply to ! que/ions ( v]se #aj2 que/ions :i* 9 "s m\?s might indicate t unconsci\sness ( guilt1 :i* is ! tok5 ( s9 f9i%$ & p]fect$2 9 o!rs1 ! pres5ce ( t unbelief :i* d\bts :e!r ,god c1 or at lea/ :e!r ,he does reg>d human conduct4 ,b ,he t plant$ ! e>1 c ,he n he>8 ,he t =m$ ! eye1 c ,he n see8 7,ps4 xciv4 #i74 ,x is really an utt]ly irrational ?\ght1 t sight1 & he>+1 & ! high] faculties ( reflexion & consci\sness1 _h _! orig9 9 a bl9d & deaf1 a s5seless & unconsci\s s\rce su* z inorganic matt]1 :e!r we consid] x 9 ! atom or 9 ! enorm\s mass ( an embryo sy/em ( />s4 ,! measure ( ! p5alty is n[ assign$4 ,& ,i w repay fir/ ! d\ble ( _! guilt & _! trespass ,= t !y pr(an$ ,my l& ) ! c>cases ( _! loa?ly (f]+s1 ,& _! abom9ations fill$ ,m9e h]itage4#fi ,i w repay fir/4 ,! t]m fir/1 :i* has occasion$ mu* p]plexity to expositors1 means ! fir/ "t 7,g54 xxxviii4 #bh2 ,dan4 xi4 #bi71 & ref]s1 if ,i am n mi/ak51 to ! fir/ great bl[1 ! captivity ( ,jehoia*91 ( :i* ,i spoke j n[2 an occasion :i* is designat$ aga9 7v]4 #ba71 by ! expression ?is once or r at ?is "t4 ,& :5 x is said ,i w repay ! d\ble ( _! guilt & ( _! trespass1 we are to und]/& t ! ,div9e ju/ice is n satisfi$ ) half measures2 ! puni%m5t ( s9 is proportion$ to ! (f5ce1 & ! cup ( self-entail$ mis]y has to be dra9$ to ! dregs4 ,ev5 p5it5ce does n aboli% ! physical & temporal consequ5ces ( s92 9 ourselves & 9 o!rs :om we h influ5c$ !y cont9ue--a t]rible & ineffaceable record ( ! pa/4 ,! anci5t law requir$ t ! man :o _h wrong$ 8 neighb\r by !ft or fraud %\ld re/ore d\ble 7,ex4 xxii4 #d1 #g1 #i72 & ?us ?is expression w\ld appe> to d5ote t ! imp5d+ *a/isem5t w\ld be 9 /rict accordance ) ! recognis$ rule ( law & ju/ice1 & t ,judah mu/ repay to ! ,"l 9 suff]+ ! legal equival5t = h] (f5ce4 ,9 a l /ra91 t[>ds ! end ( ! ,exile1 ! great prophet ( ! captivity com=ts ,j]usalem ) ! ann\ncem5t t h] h>d s]vice is accompli%$1 h] puni%m5t is held suffici5t2 = %e ha? receiv$ ( ,iahvah's h& tw(old = all h] trespasses 7,isa4 xl4 #b74 ,! ,div9e sev]ity is1 9 fact1 true/ m]cy4 ,only ?us does mank9d le>n to realize ! exce$+ s9fulness ( s91 only z ,judah le>n$ ! he9\sness ( desecrat+ ! ,holy ,l& ) loa?ly (f]+s to ! vile ,nature-gods1 & ) ! symbols 9 wood & /one ( ! cruel & obsc5e deities ( ,canaan2 viz4 by ! fe>ful issue ( transgression1 ! lesson ( a calamit\s exp]i5ce1 confirm+ ! =eca/s ( its inspir$ prophets4 ,iahvah my /r5g? & my /ronghold & my refuge 9 ! day ( di/ress6 ,unto ,!e ! v hea!n w come f ! ends ( ! e>?1 & w say3 ',m]e fraud did our fa!rs receive z _! own1 ,m]e brea?1 & be+s among :om is no help]4 ,%\ld man make him gods1 ,:5 su* ?+s are n gods8' ,!re=e1 behold ,i am ab\t to let !m "k-- ,at ?is "t w ,i let !m "k ,my h& & ,my might1 ,& !y %all "k t ,my "n is ,iahvah6 ,9 ! op5+ words ,j]emiah passionately recoils f ! v m5tion ( ! hateful idols1 ! loa?ly creations1 ! lifeless c>cases1 :i* 8 p h put 9 ! place ( ! ,liv+ ,god4 ,an ov]ma/]+ access ( fai? lifts him (f ! l[ gr\nd :]e ^! dead ?+s lie 9 _! helplessness1 & be>s him 9 _s to ,iahvah1 ! really & et]nally exi/+1 ,:o is 8 /r5g? & /ronghold & refuge 9 ! day ( di/ress4 ,f ?is height he takes an eagle glance into ! dim future1 & disc]ns--,o m>vel ( victori\s fai?6--t ! v hea!n1 :o h nev] s mu* z kn[n ! ,"n ( ,iahvah1 mu/ "o day be br\ght to ackn[l$ge ! impot5ce ( _! h]$it>y gods1 & ! sole deity ( ! ,mighty ,"o ( ,jacob4 ,he enjoys a glimpse ( ,isaiah's & ,micah's glori\s vision ( ! latt] days1 :5 ! m\nta9 ( ! ,"l's ,h\se %all be exalt$ z *ief ( m\nta9s1 & all nations %all fl[ unto x4 ,9 ! light ( ?is revelation1 ! s9 & folly ( ,israel 9 di%on\r+ ! ,"o only ,god1 by associat+ ,him ) idols & _! symbols1 becomes gl>+ly visible4 ,! v hea!n 7! t]m is emphatic by position71 w at la/ grope _! way out ( ! night ( traditional ignorance1 & w own ! absurdity ( manufactur$ gods4 ,israel1 on ! o!r h&1 has = c5turies s9n$ aga9/ k & reason4 ,!y _h ,moses & ! prophets2 yet !y hat$ w>n+ & despis$ repro(4 ,!y resi/$ ! ,div9e tea*+s1 because !y lov$ to walk 9 _! own ways1 aft] ! imag9+s ( _! own evil he>ts4 ,& s !y soon fell into t /range bl9dness1 :i* suff]$ !m to see no s9 9 giv+ companions to ,iahvah1 & neglect+ ,8 sev]] wor%ip = ! s5su\s rites ( ,canaan4 ,a rude awak5+ awaits !m4 ,once m w ,iahvah int]pose to save !m f _! infatuation4 ,?is "t !y %all be taught to "k ! no?+ness ( idols1 n by ! voice ( prophetic plead+s1 n by ! f]vid tea*+s ( ! ,book ( ! ,law1 b by ! sword ( ! enemy1 by ! rap9e & ru91 9 :i* ! resi/less might ( ,iahvah w be manife/$ aga9/ ,8 rebelli\s p4 ,!n1 :5 ! w>n+s :i* !y h ridicul$ f9d fe>ful accompli%m5t1 !n w !y "k t ! "n ( ! ,"o ,god is ,,iahvah--,he ,:o alone 0 & is & %all be = ev]more4 ,9 ! %ock ( ov]?r[1 9 ! sorr[s ( captivity1 !y w realize ! enormity ( assimilat+ ! ,supreme ,s\rce ( ev5ts1 ! ,f\nta9 ( all be+ & p[]1 to ! mis]able phantoms ( a d>k5$ & p]v]t$ imag9ation4 xvii4 #a-ah4 ,j]emiah1 speak+ = ,god1 returns to ! affirmation ( ,judah's guilt9ess4 ,he has answ]$ ! popul> "q 7xvi4 #aj71 s f> z x impli$ t x 0 no mortal s9 to associate ! wor%ip ( ali5 gods ) ! wor%ip ( ,iahvah4 ,he n[ proce$s to answ] x ) an indignant contradiction1 s f> z x sugge/$ t ,judah 0 no long] guilty ( ! grosse/ =ms ( idolatry4 #a ,! trespass ( ,judah1 he affirms1 is writt5 ) p5 ( iron1 ) po9t ( adamant2 ,grav5 ^u ! tablet ( _! he>t1 ,& ^u ! horns ( _! alt>s3 ,ev5 z _! sons rememb] _! alt>s1 ,& _! sacr$ poles by ! ev]gre5 trees1 ,^u ! high hills4 #b ,o ,my m\nta9 9 ! field6 ,?y weal? & all ?y treasures w ,i give = a spoil1 ,= ! trespass ( ?9e high-places 9 all ?y bord]s4 ,& ?\ %alt drop ?9e h&#gj f ?y demesne :i* ,i gave !e2 ,& ,i w enslave !e to ?9e enemies1 ,9 ! l& t ?\ kn[e/ n2 ,= a fire h ye k9dl$ 9 ,m9e ang]2 ,x %all burn = ev]more4 ,x is cle> f ! fir/ /rophe t ! outw>d =ms ( idolatry 7 no long] op5ly practis$ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,:]e o!rwise w\ld be ! po9t ( affirm+ t ! national s9 0 writt5 ) p5 ( iron1 & po9t ( adamant--t x 0 grav5 ^u ! tablet ( ! p's he>t8 ,:]e w\ld be ! po9t ( allud+ to ! *ildr5's memory ( ! alt>s & sacr$ poles1 :i* 7 ! visible adjuncts ( idolatry8 ,pla9ly x is impli$ t ! hide\s rites1 :i* sometimes involv$ ! sacrifice ( *ildr51 are a ?+ ( ! pa/2 yet n ( ! di/ant pa/1 = ! "y ( ! pres5t g5]ation rememb] !m2 ^? t]rible sc5es are burnt 9 ^u _! memories1 z a haunt+ recollection :i* c no m be effac$1 ?an ! guilt contract$ by _! p>5ts z ag5ts 9 ^? abhorr5t rites c be done away4 ,! indelible *>act]s ( s9 are grav5 deeply ^u _! he>ts2 no ne$ = a prophet to rem9d !m ( facts to :i* _! own consci5ces1 _! own inw>d s5se ( outrag$ affections1 & ( nature sacrific$ to a d>k & bloody sup]/ition1 be>s irrefragable witness4 ,riv]s ( wat] _c cleanse ! /a9 ( innoc5t blood f _! pollut$ alt>s4 ,! crimes ( ! pa/ are unaton$ =1 & beyond rea* ( atonem5t2 !y cry to heav5 = v5geance1 & ! v5geance w surely fall 7xv4 #d74 ,hitzig r prosaically rem>ks t ,josiah _h de/roy$ ! alt>s4 ,b ! /a9s ( :i* ! poet-se] speaks are n palpable to s5se2 he contemplates unse5 realities4 ,w all great ,neptune's ocean wa% ?is blood ,clean f my h&8 ,no1 ?is my h& w r ,! multitud9\s seas inc>nad9e1 ,mak+ ! gre5 "o r$4 ,! second /rophe decl>es ! nature ( ! puni%m5t4 ,! t5d]1 ye>n+1 hopeless love ( ! cry ) :i* ,iahvah resigns ,8 e>?ly seat to pr(anation & plund] & r$-h&$ ru91 enhances ! awful impression wr\ght by ! sl[1 delib]ate enunciation ( ! details ( ! s5t5ce--! utt] spoliation ( temple & palaces2 ! accumulat$ ho>ds ( g5]ations--all t repres5t$ ! weal? & culture & glory ( ! "t--c>ri$ away = ev]2 ! en=c$ surr5d] ( home & c\ntry2 ! h>% s]vitude to /rang]s 9 a f>-(f l&4 ,x is difficult to fix ! date ( ?is %ort lyrical outp\r+1 if x be assum$1 ) ,hitzig1 t x is an indep5d5t :ole4 ,he ref]s x to ! ye> ,b4,c4 #fjb1 aft] ,jehoiakim _h revolt$ f ,babylon--a proce$+ :i* made a future captivity well-nigh c]ta91 & made x pla9 t ! s9 ( ,judah rema9$ /ill to be puni%$4 ,moreov]1 ! prec$+ ye> 7,b4,c4 #fjc7 0 :at 0 kn[n to ! ,law z a ,ye> ( ,release or ,remission 7%5a? %emittah72 & ! phrase ?\ %alt drop ?9e h&1 i4e4 loose ?9e hold ( ! l& 7xvii4 #d71 appe>s to allude to ! peculi> usages ( t ye>1 9 :i* ! debtor 0 releas$ f 8 obligations1 & ! corn-l&s & v9ey>ds 7 all[$ to lie fall[4 ,! ,ye> ( ,release 0 also call$ ! ,ye> ( ,re/ 7%5a? %abba?on1 ,lev4 xxv4 #e72 & bo? 9 ! pres5t passage ( ,j]emiah1 & 9 ! book ( ,leviticus1 ! "t to be sp5t by ! ,jews 9 exile is reg>d$ z a p]iod ( re/ = ! desolate l&1 :i* w\ld !n make good h] sabba?s 7,lev4 xxvi4 #cd1 #ce1 #dc74 ,! ,*ronicl] inde$ seems to ref] to ?is v phrase ( ,j]emiah2 at all ev5ts1 no?+ else is to be f\nd 9 ! extant works ( ! prophet ) :i* 8 language corresponds 7#b ,*ron4 xxxvi4 #ba74 ,if ! r5d]+ ( ! second v]se1 :i* we f9d 9 bo? our ,engli% v]sions1 & :i* ,i h adopt$ above1 be correct1 !re arises an obvi\s objection to ! date assign$ by ,hitzig2 & ! same objection lies aga9/ ! view ( ,naegelsba*1 :o translates3 ,z _! *ildr5 rememb] _! alt>s1 ,& _! images ( ,baal by 7i4e4 at ! sight (7 ! gre5 trees1 by ! high hills4 ,= 9 :at s5se c\ld ?is h be5 writt5 n long be=e ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 :i* is ! date sugge/$ by ?is comm5tator = ! :ole gr\p ( *apt]s1 xiv4-xvii4 #ah8 ,! entire reign ( ,josiah _h int]v5$ betwe5 ! atrocities ( ,manasseh & ?is p]iod2 & x is n easy to suppose t any sacrifice ( *ildr5 _h occurr$ 9 ! ?ree mon?s' reign ( ,jehoahaz1 or 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ,jehoiakim4 ,_h x be5 s1 ,j]emiah1 :o d5\nces ! latt] k+ sev]ely en\gh1 w\ld c]ta9ly h plac$ ! horrible fact 9 ! =efront ( 8 invective2 & in/ead ( specify+ ,manasseh z ! k+ ^: (f5ces ,iahvah w\ld n p>don1 w\ld h ?us br&$ ,jehoiakim1 8 own contempor>y4 ,?is difficulty appe>s to be avoid$ by ,hitzig1 :o expla9s ! passage ?us3 ,:5 !y 7! ,jews7 ?9k ( _! *ildr51 !y rememb]1 & _c b rememb]1 ! alt>s to ^: horns ! blood ( _! immolat$ *ildr5 cleaves4 ,9 ! same way1 by a gre5 tree on ! hills1 i4e41 :5 !y come ^u any su*1 _! ,a%]im are br\ght to m9d1 :i* 7 trees ( t sort4 ,& s9ce x is p]haps possible to translate ! ,hebrew z ?is sugge/s1 ,:5 !y rememb] _! sons1 _! alt>s1 & _! sacr$ poles1 by 7i4e4 by means (7 ! ev]gre5 trees 7collective t]m7 ^u ! high hills1 & ?is translation agrees well ) ! /atem5t t ! s9 ( ,judah is grav5 ^u ! tablet ( _! he>t1 8 view des]ves fur!r consid]ation4 ,! same objection1 h[ev]1 presses aga91 ?\gh ) some:at dim9i%$ =ce4 ,= if ! date ( ! section be #fjb1 ! eigh? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 m ?an =ty ye>s mu/ h elaps$ betwe5 ! "t ( ,manasseh's bloody rites & ! utt]ance ( ?is oracle4 ,w\ld _m :o 7 p>5ts !n1 & surr5d]$ _! *ildr5 = sacrifice1 be /ill liv+ at ! suppos$ date8 ,& if n1 :]e is ! appropriat5ess ( ! words ,:5 !y rememb] _! sons1 _! alt>s1 & _! ,a%]im8 ,!re seems no way out ( ! difficulty1 b ei!r to date ! piece mu* e>li]1 assign+ x1 e4g41 to ! "t ( ! prophet's e>ne/ prea*+ 9 connexion ) ! re=m+ movem5t ( ,josiah1 :5 ! liv+ g5]ation w\ld c]ta9ly rememb] ! human sacrifices "u ,manasseh2 or else to con/rue ! passage 9 a v diff]5t s5se1 z foll[s4 ,! fir/ v]se decl>es t ! s9 ( ,judah is grav5 ^u ! tablet ( _! he>t1 & ^u ! horns ( _! alt>s4 ,! pron\ns evid5tly %ew t x is ! guilt ( ! nation1 n ( a p>ticul> g5]ation1 t is ass]t$4 ,! subsequ5t words agree ) ?is view4 ,! expression1 ,_! sons is to be und]/ood 9 ! same way z ! expressions _! he>t1 _! alt>s4 ,x is equival5t to ! sons ( ,judah 7b5 ,jehudah71 & means simply ! p ( ,judah1 z n[ exi/+1 ! pres5t g5]ation4 ,n[ x does n appe> t image-wor%ip & ! cultus ( ! high-places reviv$ aft] _! abolition by ,josiah4 ,accord+ly1 ! symbols ( impure wor%ip m5tion$ 9 ?is passage are n high-places & images b alt>s & ,a%]im1 i4e41 ! wood5 poles :i* 7 ! emblems ( ! reproductive pr9ciple ( ,nature4 ,:at ! passage !re=e int5ds to say w\ld seem to be ?is3 ,! guilt ( ! nation rema9s1 s long z its *ildr5 are m9dful ( _! alt>s & ,a%]im erect$ beside#ga ! ev]gre5 trees on ! high hills2 i4e41 s long z !y rema9 atta*$ to ! modifi$ idolatry ( ! day4 ,! g5]al =ce ( ! words rema9s ! same1 :e!r !y accuse ! exi/+ g5]ation ( s]v+ sun-pill>s 7maebo?7 & sacr$ poles 7a%]im71 or m]ely ( hank]+ aft] ! old =bidd5 rites4 ,= s long z ! popul> he>t 0 w$d$ to ! =m] sup]/itions1 x c\ld n be said t any ext]nal abolition ( idolatry 0 a suffici5t pro( ( national rep5tance4 ,! long+ to indulge 9 s9 is s92 & s9ful x is n to hate s94 ,! guilt ( ! nation rema9$1 !re=e1 & w\ld rema91 until blott$ out by ! te>s ( a g5u9e rep5tance t[>ds ,iahvah4 ,b und]/ood ?us1 ! passage suits ! "t ( ,jehoia*91 z well z any o!r p]iod4 ,:y1 asks ,naegelsba*1 %\ld n ,molo* h be5 ! t]ror ( ! ,israeliti% *ildr51 :5 !re 0 su* real & sad gr\nd = x1 z 9 want+ 9 o!r bugbe>s :i* t]rify ! *ildr5 ( ! pres5t day8 ,to ?is we may reply1 7#a7 ,molo* is n m5tion$ at all1 b simply alt>s & a%]im2 7#b7 w\ld ! ^w rememb] be appropriate 9 ?is case8 ,! beautiful /rophes :i* foll[ 7#e-ac7 are n obvi\sly connect$ ) ! prec$+ text4 ,!y we> a look ( self-complet5ess1 :i* sugge/s t "h & 9 _m o!r places ,j]emiah has left u1 n :ole disc\rses1 writt5 d[n sub/antially 9 ! =m 9 :i* !y 7 deliv]$1 b r 8 m f9i%$ fragm5ts2 pieces :i* be+ m rhy?mical 9 =m1 & m /rik+ 9 ?\ght1 _h impr9t$ !mselves m deeply ^u 8 memory4 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said3 ,curs$ is ! man t tru/e? 9 human k9d1 ,& make? fle% 8 arm1 ,& ^: he>t sw]ve? f ,iahvah6 ,& he %all become l a leafless tree 9 ! des]t1 ,& %alt n see :5 good come?2 ,& %all dwell 9 p>*$ places 9 ! /eppe1 ,a salt l& & un9habit$4 ,bless$ is ! man t tru/e? 9 ,iahvah1 ,& ^: tru/ ,iahvah become?6 ,& he %all become l a tree plant$ by wat]1 ,t spreade? its roots by a /ream1 ,& is n afraid :5 heat come?1 ,& its leaf is ev]gre52 ,& 9 ! ye> ( dr\ght x fe>e? n1 ,nor leave? (f f mak+ fruit4 ,! =m ( ! ?\ght express$ 9 ^! two octo/i*s1 ! curse & ! bless+1 may h be5 sugge/$ by ! curses & bless+s ( t ,book ( ! ,law ( :i* ,j]emiah _h be5 s fai?ful an int]pret] 7,deut4 xxvii4 #ae-xxviii4 #bj72 :ile bo? ! ?\ght & ! =m ( ! second /anza are imitat$ by ! anonym\s poet ( ! fir/ psalm4 ,! m5tion ( ! ye> ( dr\ght 9 ! p5ultimate l9e may be tak51 p]haps1 z a l9k ( connexion betwe5 ?is brief section & ! :ole ( :at prec$es x s f> z *ap4 xiv41 :i* is head$ ,conc]n+ ! dr\ghts4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! gr\p ( *apt]s ?us m>k$ out really con/itute a s+le disc\rse1 z ,naegelsba* assumes1 "o c only say t ! /yle is episodical r ?an cont9u\s2 t ! prophet has (t5 record$ deta*$ ?\ghts1 work$ up to a c]ta9 degree ( lit]>y =m1 b hang+ toge!r z loosely z pe>ls on a /r+4 ,inde$1 unless we suppose t he _h kept full notes ( 8 disc\rses & soliloquies1 or t1 l c]ta9 pr(essional lectur]s ( our own day1 he _h be5 9 ! habit ( indef9itely repeat+ to diff]5t audi5ces ! same c>efully elaborat$ compositions1 x is difficult to und]/& h[ he w\ld be able )\t ! aid ( a special miracle1 to write d[n 9 ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim ! num]\s utt]ances ( ! previ\s ?ree & tw5ty ye>s4 ,nei!r ( ^! suppositions appe>s probable4 ,b if ! prophet wrote f memory1 s long aft] ! orig9al deliv]y ( _m ( 8 utt]ances1 ! loos5ess ( int]nal connexion1 :i* m>ks s mu* ( 8 book1 is readily und]/ood4 ,! int]nal evid5ce ( ! fragm5t be=e u1 s f> z any su* is traceable1 appe>s to po9t to ! same p]iod z :at prec$es1 ! "t imm$iately subsequ5t to ! dea? ( ,jehoiakim4 ,! curse pron\nc$ ^u tru/+ 9 man may be an allusion to t k+'s confid5ce 9 ! ,egyptian alliance1 :i* probably induc$ him to revolt f ,nebu*adrezz>1 & s precipitate ! f9al cata/rophe ( 8 c\ntry4 ,he ow$ 8 ?rone to ! ,ph>aoh's appo9tm5t 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #cd71 & may p]haps h reg>d$ ?is z an additional reason = defection f ,babylon4 ,b ! *a/isem5t ( ,egypt prec$$ t ( ,judah2 & :5 ! day came = ! latt]1 ! k+ ( ,egypt dur/ no long] g to ! help ( 8 too tru/ful allies 7#b ,k+s xxiv4 #g74 ,jehoiakim _h di$1 b 8 son & successor 0 c>ri$ captive to ,babylon4 ,9 ! brief int]val betwe5 ^? two ev5ts1 ! prophet may h p5n$ ^! two /anzas1 contra/+ ! issues ( confid5ce 9 man & confid5ce 9 ,god4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y may also be ref]r$ to "s "t n long be=e ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim1 :5 t k+1 egg$ on by ,egypt1 0 m$itat+ rebellion aga9/ 8 suz]a92 an act ( :i* ! fatal consequ5ces might easily be =ese5 by any ?\ghtful obs]v]1 :o 0 n bl9d$ by fanatical passion & prejudice1 & :i* might itself be reg>d$ z an index ( ! k9dl+ ( ,div9e wra? aga9/ ! c\ntry4 ,deep is ! he>t above all ?+s else2 ,& sore-diseas$ x is3 :o c "k x8 ,i1 ,iahvah1 se>* ! he>t1 ,i try ! re9s1 ,& t1 to give to a man accord+ to 8 own ways1 ,accord+ to ! fruit ( 8 own do+s4 ,a p>tridge t ga!re? "y :i* are n h]s1 ,is he t make? weal? n by "r4 ,9 ! middle ( 8 days x w leave him1 ,& 9 8 end he %all prove a fool4 ,a ?rone ( glory1 a high seat f ( old1 ,is ! place ( our sanctu>y4 ,hope ( ,israel1 ,iahvah6 ,all t leave ,!e %all be a%am$2 ,m9e apo/ates %all be writt5 9 e>?2 ,= !y left ! ,well ( ,liv+ ,wat]s1 ev5 ,iahvah4 ,heal ,?\ me1 ,iahvah1 & ,i %all be heal$1 ,save ,?\ me1 & ,i %all be sav$1 ,= ,?\ art my praise4 ,lo1 !y say unto me1 ,:]e is ! ,^w ( ,iahvah8 ,pri!e1 let x come6 ,yet ,i1 ,i ha/$ n f be+ a %eph]d aft] ,!e1 ,& woeful day ,i desir$ n--,?\ kn[e/2 ,! issue ( my lips1 be=e ,?y face x fell4 ,become n a t]ror to me6 ,?\ art my refuge 9 ! day ( evil4 ,let my pursu]s be a%am$1 & let n me be a%am$6 ,let !m be dismay$1 & let n me be dismay$2 ,let ,?\ come ^u !m a day ( evil1 ,& d\bly ) break+ break ,?\ !m6 ,9 ! fir/ ( ^! /anzas1 ! ^w he>t is ! connect+ l9k ) ! previ\s reflexions4 ,! curse & ! bless+ _h !re be5 pron\nc$ n ^u any outw>d & visible di/9ctions1 b ^u a c]ta9 inw>d b5t & _s4 ,he is call$ accurs$1 ^: confid5ce is plac$ 9 *angeable1 p]i%able man1 & ^: he>t sw]ve? f ,iahvah4 ,& he is bless$1 :o p9s 8 fai? to no?+ visible2 :o looks = help & /ay n to ! se51 :i* is temporal1 b to ! ,unse51 :i* is et]nal4 ,! ?\ght n[ occurs t ?is matt] ( inw>d tru/1 be+ a matt] ( ! he>t1 & n m]ely ( ! outw>d be>+1 is a hidd5 matt]1 a secret :i* baffles all ord9>y judgm5t4 ,:o %all take ^u him to say :e!r ?is or t man1 ?is or t pr9ce confid$ or n confid$ 9 ,iahvah8 ,! human he>t is a sea1 ^: dep?s are beyond human se>*2 or x is a %ifty ,proteus1 trans=m+ itself f mom5t to mom5t "u ! pressure ( *ang+ circum/ances1 at ! magic t\* ( impulse1 "u ! spell ( new p]ceptions & new phases ( its _w4 ,& besides1 its v life is ta9t$ ) a subtle disease1 ^: h]$it>y influ5ce is ev] int]f]+ ) ! w & affections1 ev] tamp]+ ) ! consci5ce & ! judgm5t1 & mak+ difficult a cle> p]ception1 mu* m a wise decision4 ,nay1 :]e s _m motives press1 s _m plausible sugge/ions ( good1 s _m palliations ( evil1 pres5t !mselves ^u ! eve ( action2 :5 ! col\rs ( good & evil m+le & gleam toge!r 9 su* ri* pr(usion be=e ! dazzl$ sight1 t ! m9d is bewild]$ by ! confus$ m$ley ( appe>ances1 & :olly at a loss to disc]n & dis5tangle !m "o f ano!r2 is x wond]ful1 if 9 su* a case ! he>t %\ld take refuge 9 ! com=table illusion ( self-deceit1 & seek1 ) too great success1 to p]suade itself into cont5tm5t ) some?+ :i* x calls n positive evil b m]ely a less sublime good8 ,x is n = man1 :o _c see ! he>t1 to pron\nce ^u ! degree ( 8 fell['s guilt4 ,all s9s1 all crimes1 are 9 ?is respect relative to ! int5sity ( passion1 ! =ce ( circum/ances1 ! nature ( surr\nd+s1 ! comp>ative /ress ( temptation4 ,murd] & adult]y are absolute crimes 9 ! eye ( human law1 & subject z su* to fix$ p5alties2 b ! ,unse5 ,judge takes cognizance ( a ?\s& consid]ations1 :i* ?\gh !y aboli% n ! exce$+ s9fulness ( ^! hide\s results ( a deprav$ nature1 yet modify to a va/ ext5t ! degree ( guilt ev9c$ 9 p>ticul> cases by ! same outw>d acts4 ,9 ! sight ( ,god1 a life socially correct may be /a9$ ) a deep] dye ?an t ( pr(ligacy or blood%$2 & no?+ s gl>+ly %[s ! folly ( inquir+ :at is ! unp>donable s91 z ! reflexion t any s9 :atev] may become su* 9 an individual case4 ,be=e ,god1 human ju/ice is (t5 ! livelie/ inju/ice4 ,& h[ _m flagrant wrongs1 h[ _m mon/r\s acts ( cruelty & oppression1 h[ _m wick$ frauds & p]juries1 h[ _m ( ^? vile de$s ( s$uction & corruption1 :i* are1 9 tru?1 ! murd] ( immortal s\ls2 h[ _m ( ^? fe>ful s9s1 :i* make a sorr[-lad5 hell b5ea? ! smil+ surface ( ?is pleasure-woo+ _w1 are left unhe$$1 unav5g$ by any e>?ly tribunal6 ,b all ^! ?+s are not$ 9 ! et]nal record ( ,him :o se>*es ! he>t1 & p5etrates man's inmo/ be+1 n f a motive ( m]e curiosity1 b ) fix$ int5t to aw>d a righte\s recomp5se = all *oice & all conduct4 ,! calamities :i* m>k$ ! la/ ye>s ( ,jehoiakim1 & 8 ignom9i\s end1 7 a signal in/ance ( ,div9e retribution4 ,"h t k+'s lawless av>ice is br&$ z n only wick$ b fooli%4 ,he is comp>$ to ! p>tridge1 :i* ga!rs & hat*es ! eggs ( o!r birds1 only to be des]t$ at once by h] /ol5 brood4#gb ,9 ! middle ( 8 days1 x %all leave him 7or x may leave him1 = 9 ,hebrew "o =m has to d duty = bo? %ades ( mean+74 ,! unc]ta9ty ( possession1 ! c]ta9ty ( absolute surr5d] )9 a few %ort ye>s1 ?is is ! po9t :i* demon/rates ! unreason ( mak+ ri*es ! *ief end ( "o's e>?ly activity4 ,truly man walke? 9 a va9 %ad[1 & disquiete? himself 9 va93 he heape? up ri*es1 & _c tell :o %all ga!r !m4 ,x is ! po9t :i* is put ) su* t]rible =ce 9 ! p>able ( ! ,ri* ,fool4 ,s\l1 ?\ ha/ mu* goods laid up = ?yself = _m ye>s2 take ?9e ease1 eat1 dr9k1 & be m]ry4 ,& ! ,"l said unto him1 ,?\ fool6 ?is night %all ?y s\l be requir$ ( !e4 ,! covet\sness1 oppression1 & blood?ir/9ess ( ,jehoiakim are condemn$ 9 a /rik+ prophecy 7xxii4 #ac-ai71 :i* we %all h to consid] h]eaft]4 ,a vivid light is ?r[n ^u ! words1 ,9 ! middle ( 8 days x %all leave him1 by ! fact record$ 9 ,k+s 7#b ,k+s xxiii4 #cf71 t he di$ 9 ! ?irty-six? ye> ( 8 age2 :51 t is1 he _h fulfill$ b half ( ! ?reescore ye>s & t5 allott$ to ! ord9>y life ( man4 ,we are rem9d$ ( t o!r psalm :i* decl>es t bloody & deceitful m5 %all n live out half _! days 7lv4 #bc74 ,ap>t inde$ f all consid]ation ( ! future1 & ap>t f all ref]5ce to t loyalty to ! ,unse5 ,rul] :i* is man's inevitable duty1 a life devot$ to ,mammon is ess5tially irrational4 ,! man is mo/ truly a fool--t is1 "o :o fails to und]/& 8 own nature1 "o :o has n atta9$ to ev5 a tol]able work+ hypo!sis z to ! ne$s ( life1 & ! way to w9 a due %>e ( happ9ess2--:o has n discov]$ t ri*es h _! prop] /9t ,9 ! cont5t$ m9d1 n m9t2 & t ^? :o h ! it* ,( crav+ m1 are nev] ri*2 & :o has miss$ all appreh5sion ( ! gr& secret t ,weal? _c make a life1 b love4 ,f ! vanity ( e>?ly ?rones1 :e!r ( ,egypt or ( ,judah1 ?rones ^: glory is transitory1 & ^: p[] to help & succ\r is s ill-assur$1 ! prophet lifts 8 eyes to ! "o ?rone ^: glory is ev]la/+1 & ^: p[] & p]man5ce are an et]nal refuge4 ,?\ ,?rone ( ,glory1 ,high ,seat f ( old1 ,place ( our ,sanctu>y1 ,hope ( ,israel1 ,iahvah6 ,all :o leave ,!e blu% = %ame2 ,m9e apo/ates are writt5 9 e>?2 ,= !y h =sak5 ! ,well ( ,liv+ ,wat]1 ev5 ,iahvah6 ,x is 8 conclud+ reflexion ^u ! unble/1 unhon\r$ end ( ! apo/ate ,jehoiakim4 ,if ,isaiah c\ld speak ( ,%ebna z a ?rone ( glory1#gc i4e41 ! hon\r$ support & ma9/ay ( 8 family1 !re seems no reason :y ,iahvah might n be s address$1 z ! support+ p[] & sov]eign ( ! _w4 ,! t]ms ,?rone ( ,glory 444 ,place ( our ,sanctu>y seem to be us$ mu* z we use ! expressions1 ! ,cr[n1 ! ,c\rt1 ! ,?rone1 :5 we mean ! actual rul] ) :om ^! ?+s are associat$4 ,& :5 ! prophet decl>es ,m9e#gd apo/ates are writt5 9 e>?1 he ass]ts t oblivion is ! portion ( ^? ( 8 p1 high or l[1 :o =sake ,iahvah = ano!r god4 ,_! names are n writt5 9 ! ,book ( ,life 7,ex4 xxxii4 #cb2 ,ps4 lxix4 #bh71 b 9 ! s& :5ce !y are soon effac$4 ,! prophets d n attempt to expose ,! sweet /range my/]y ,( :at beyond ^! ?+s may lie4 ,!y d n 9 express t]ms promise et]nal life to ! individual believ]4 ,b h[ (t5 d _! words imply t com=table doctr9e6 ,!y :o =sake ,iahvah mu/ p]i%1 = !re is nei!r p]man5ce nor /ay ap>t f ,,iahvah1 ^: v ,"n d5otes ,he :o ,is1 ! sole ,pr9ciple ( ,be+ & ,f\nta9 ( ,life4 ,if !y--nations & p]sons--:o revolt f ,him mu/ die1 ! implication1 ! tru? necess>y to complete ?is affirmation1 is t !y :o tru/ 9 ,him1 & make ,him _! arm1 w live2 = union ) ,him is et]nal life4 ,9 ?is ,f\nta9 ( ,liv+ ,wat] ,j]emiah n[ seeks heal+ = himself4 ,! malady t afflicts him is ! app>5t failure ( 8 oracles4 ,he suff]s z a prophet ^: ^w seems idle to ! multitude4 ,he is hurt ) _! scorn1 & w\nd$ to ! he>t ) _! sc(f+4 ,on all sides m5 press ! mock+ "q1 ,:]e is ! ^w ( ,iahvah8 ,pri!e1 let x come to pass6 ,8 ?reats ( national ov]?r[ _h n be5 spe$ily realiz$2 & m5 made a mock ( ! delays ( ,div9e m]cy4 ,consci\s ( 8 own integrity1 & ke5ly s5sitive to ! ridicule ( 8 triumphant adv]s>ies1 & sc>cely able to endure long] 8 intol]able position1 he p\rs out a pray] = heal+ & help4 ,heal me1 he cries1 & ,i %all be heal$1 ,save me & ,i %all be sav$--really & truly sav$1 z ! =m ( ! ,hebrew t]m implies2 = ,?\ art my praise1 my boa/ & my glory1 z ! ,book ( ! ,law affirms 7,deut4 x4 #ba74 ,i h n tru/$ 9 man1 b 9 ,god2 & if ?is my sole glory be tak5 away1 if ev5ts prove me a false prophet1 z my fri5ds allege1 apply+ ! v te/ ( ! sacr$ ,law 7,deut4 xviii4 #ba sq471 !n %all ,i be ( all m5 mo/ =sak5 & =lorn4 ,! bitt]ness ( 8 woe is int5sifi$ by ! consci\sness t he has n ?ru/ himself )\t call into ! prophetic (fice1 l ! false prophets ^: aim 0 to traffic 9 sacr$ ?+s 7xiv4 #ad1 #ae72 = !n ! consci\sness ( guilt might h made ! puni%m5t m tol]able1 & ! facts w\ld h ju/ifi$ ! je]s ( 8 p]secutors4 ,b ! case 0 f> o!rwise4 ,he _h be5 mo/ unwill+ to assume ! function ( prophet2 & x 0 only 9 ob$i5ce to ! /ress ( repeat$ calls t he _h yield$4 ,b z = me1 he prote/s1 ,i ha/$ n f be+ a %eph]d to foll[ ,!e4 ,x w\ld seem1 if ?is be ! correct1 z x c]ta9ly is ! simple/ r5d]+ ( 8 words1 t1 at ! "t :5 he fir/ became aw>e ( 8 true vocation1 ! "y prophet 0 engag$ 9 t5d+ ! flocks t graz$ 9 ! prie/ly pa/ure-gr\nds ( ,ana?o?4 ,9 t case1 we are rem9d$ ( ,david1 :o 0 summon$ f ! %eepfold to camp & c\rt1 & ( ,amos ! prophet-h]dsman ( ,tekoa4 ,b ! ,hebrew t]m translat$ f be+ a %eph]d is probably a disguise ( "s o!r orig9al expression2 & x w\ld involve no v viol5t *ange to read ,i made no ha/e to foll[ aft] ,!e fully or entirely#ge 7,deut4 i4 #cf72 a read+ :i* is p>tially support$ by ! olde/ v]sion4 ,or x may be ev5 bett]1 z involv+ a m]e *ange 9 ! punctuation1#gf to am5d ! text ?us3 ,b z = me1 ,i made no ha/e1 9 foll[+ !e1 m lit]ally1 9 accompany+ !e 7,judg4 xiv4 #bj74 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a po9t ( textual criticism1 :i* leaves ! g5]al s5se ! same 9 any case4 ,:5 ! prophet adds3 & ! ill day ,i desir$ n1 "s ?9k t he means ! day :5 he surr5d]$ to ! ,div9e call+1 & accept$ 8 mission4 ,b x seems to suit ! context bett]1 if we und]/& by ! ill day ! day ( wra? ^: com+ 0 ! burd5 ( 8 prea*+2 ! day ref]r$ to 9 ! taunts ( 8 enemies1 :5 !y ask$ ,:]e is ! ^w ( ,iahvah8 add+ ) bit+ s>casm3 ,pri!e1 let x come to pass4 ,!y sne]$ at ,j]emiah z "o :o seiz$ e occasion to pr$ict evil1 z "o :o long$ to witness ! ru9 ( 8 c\ntry4 ,! utt] inju/ice ( ! *>ge1 9 view ( ! frequ5t cries ( angui% :i* int]rupt 8 melan*oly =eca/s1 is no pro( t x 0 n made4 ,9 all ages1 ,god's repres5tatives h be5 call$ ^u to endure false accusations4 ,h5ce ! prophet appeals f man's unrighte\s judgm5t to ,god ! ,se>*] ( he>ts4 ,?\ kn[e/2 ! utt]ance ( my lips 7,deut4 xxiii4 #bd7 be=e ,?y face x fell3 z if to say1 ,no ^w ( m9e1 spok5 9 ,?y "n1 0 a figm5t ( my own fancy1 utt]$ = my own purposes1 )\t reg>d ( ,!e4 ,i h always spok5 z 9 ,?y pres5ce1 or r1 9 ,?y pres5ce4 ,?\1 :o he>e/ all1 did/ he> ea* utt]ance ( m9e2 & !re=e kn[e/ t all ,i said 0 tru?ful & hone/ & 9 p]fect accord ) my commission4 ,if only we :o1 l ,j]emiah1 are call$ ^u to speak = ,god1 c\ld always rememb] t e ^w we say is utt]$ 9 t ,pres5ce1 :at a s5se ( responsibility w\ld lie ^u u2 ) :at lab\r & pray]s %\ld we n make our prep>ation6 ,too (t5 alas6 x is to be fe>$ t our p]ception ( ! pres5ce ( man bani%es all s5se ( any high] pres5ce2 & ! anticipation ( a fallible & frivol\s criticism makes u =get = ! "t ! judgm5t ( ,god4 ,& yet by our words we %all be ju/ifi$1 & by our words we %all be condemn$4 ,9 cont9u+ 8 pray]1 ,j]emiah adds ! rem>kable petition1 ,become n ,?\ to me a cause ( dismay6 ,he prays to be deliv]$ f t ov]:elm+ p]plexity1 :i* ?reat5s to swall[ him up1 unless ,god %\ld v]ify by ev5ts t :i* ,8 own ,_s has prompt$ him to utt]4 ,he prays t ,iahvah1 8 only refuge 9 ! day ( evil1 w n bemock him ) va9 expectations2 w n falsify ,8 own guidance2 w n suff] ,8 mess5g] to be a%am$1 disappo9t$ & put to ! blu% by ! failure ( 8 pr$ictions4 ,& !n once aga91 9 ! _s ( 8 "t1 he implores v5geance ^u 8 unbeliev+ & cruel p]secutors3 ,let !m be a%am$1 disappo9t$ 9 _! expectation ( immunity1 let !m be dismay$1 cru%$ 9 _s & utt]ly ov]come by ! fulfilm5t ( 8 d>k presages ( evil4 ,let ,?\ come ^u !m a day ( evil1 ,& d\bly ) break+ break ,?\ !m6 ,?is inde$ asks no m ?an t :at has be5 spok5 be=e 9 ! way ( prophecy--,i w repay ! d\ble ( _! guilt & _! trespass 7xvi4 #ah7--may be =?) accompli%$4 ,& ! provocation 01 beyond all "q1 imm5se4 ,! hatr$ t burn$ 9 ! taunt ,:]e is ! ^w ( ,iahvah8 ,pri!e1 let x come to pass6 0 d\btless ( l k9d ) t :i* at a lat] /age ( ,jewi% hi/ory express$ itself 9 ! words ,he tru/$ 9 ,god1 let ,him deliv] ,him6 ,if ,he be ! ,son ( ,god1 let ,him n[ come d[n f ! cross1 & we w believe on ,him6 ,& h[ mu* fi]ce ho/ility t "o t]m my pursu]s may cov]1 x is easy to inf] f ! n>ratives ( ! prophet's evil exp]i5ce 9 *aps4 xx41 xxvi4 & xxxviii4 ,b all[+ = all ?is1 we c at be/ only affirm t ! prophet's imprecations on 8 foes are natural & human2 we _c pret5d t !y are evangelical & ,*ri/-l4#gg ,besides1 ! latt] w\ld be a gratuit\s ana*ronism1 :i* no intellig5t int]pret] ( ,scripture is call$ ^u to p]petrate4 ,x is nei!r necess>y to ! prop] v9dication ( ! prophet's writ+s z truly inspir$ ( ,god1 nor helpful to a "r conception ( ! me?od ( revelation4 ,,footnotes3 #eg ,,hitzig3 7#a7 xiv4 #a-i1 #ai-bb3 ,lam5t & ,pray] on occasion ( a ,dr\ght4 7#b7 xiv4 #aj-ah4 ,oracle aga9/ ! false ,prophets & ! misguid$ ,p 7,hitzig mi/akes ! import ( ! phrase 1 ,?us h !y lov$ to w&]1 v]4 #aj2 suppos+ t ! ?us ref]s to xiii4 #bg1 & t xiv4 #a-i is misplac$74 7#c7 xv4 #a-i4 ,! incorrigible ,p w be puni%$ m]cilessly4 ,hitzig ?9ks ,c4 ,b4 ,mi*aelis wrong 9 ass]t+ close connexion ) ! end ( ! prec$+ *apt]1 because ! int]cession1 vv4 #b-i1 does n agree ) ! prohibition1 xiv4 #aa2 & because xiv4 #ai-bb1 m]ely prays = cessation ( ! ,dr\ght2 :ile ! rejection ( ! hypo!tical int]cession1 xv4 #a1 deliv]s ! p ov] to all ! horrors :i* foll[ 9 ! tra9 ( w>4 xv4 #a-i may orig9ally h foll[$ xiv4 #ah4 ,b ?is is f> f cog5t reason+4 ,!re is no?+ surpris+ 9 ! r5ewal ( ! prophet's int]cession1 except on a !ory ( /rictly v]bal inspiration2 & xv4 #a sqq4 9 refus+ deliv]ance f ! ,dr\ght1 or r 9 answ] to ! pray] implor+ x1 ann\nces fur!r & worse evils to foll[4 7#d7 ,compla9t ( ! ,se] aga9/ ,iahvah1 & ,soo?+ ( 8 ,dejection1 xv4 #aj-ba4 ,hitzig ?9ks int]nal evid5ce "h po9ts to ! f\r? ye> ( ,jehoiakim2 & t xvii4 #a-d orig9ally prec$$ ?is section1 especially z *4 xvi4 connects closely ) xv4 #i4 7#e7 xvi4 #a-bj4 ,pr$iction ( an imm95t g5]al ,judgm5t by ,plague & ,captivity4 ,writt5 imm$iately aft] xv4 #a-i1 & falls ) t 9 ! %ort reign ( ,jehoia*94 7#f7 xvii4 #a-d4 ,judah's un=gott5 ,guilt w be puni%$ by ,captivity4 ,want+ 9 ,,lxx4 7z e>ly z ,j]ome71 b conta9s orig9al ( xv4 #ac1 #ad1 & mu/ !re=e be g5u9e4 ,belongs #fjb ,b4,c41 ye> ( ,jehoiakim's revolt4 7#g7 xvii4 #e-ah4 ,! ,v9dication ( ,tru/ 9 ,god on ,despis]s & ,believ]s4 ,pray] = its ,v9dication4 ,date imm$iately aft] dea? ( ,jehoiakim4 7#h7 #ai-bg4 ,w>n+ to keep ! ,sabba?4 ,"t ( ,jehoia*94 #eh ,! ,heb4 v]b is brok5 may probably h ?is mean+4 ,dismay$ is n ne>ly s suitable1 ?\gh x is ! usual mean+ ( ! t]m4 ,cf4 ,isa4 vii4 #h4 #ei ,cf4 viii4 #i4 ,& no wisdom is 9 !m4 #fj ,s ,da!1 ,naegelsba*4 #fa ,lit4 all ^! ?+s1 i4e41 ?is visible _w4 ,!re is no ,heb4 special t]m = ! univ]se or _w4 ,! all or heav5 & e>?1 or ! phrase 9 ! text1 are us$ 9 ?is s5se4 #fb ,! ref]5ce to an eclipse ( ! sun 9 ! words ,h] sun w5t d[n1 :ile x yet 0 day2 ,he blu%$ & pal$4 appe>s fairly c]ta94 ,su* an ev5t is said to h occurr$ 9 t "p ( ! _w1 ,sept4 #cj1 ,b4,c4 #faj4 #fc #ac4 ,read ,?9e high places = )\t price2 & transpose 7xvii4 #c74 #fd #ad4 ,read & ,i w make !e s]ve 7xvii4 #d7 = & ,i w make to pass ?r\gh4444 ,! ?ird memb] is a quotation f ,deut4 xxxii4 #bb4 ,9 ! f\r?1 read = ev] 7xvii4 #d7 in/ead ( ^u y4 #fe ,! tone ( all ?is indicates t ! prophet 0 no novice 9 8 (fice4 ,x does n suit ! "t ( ,josiah2 b agrees v well ) ! "t ( confusion & popul> dismay :i* foll[$ 8 dea?4 ,t ev5t mu/ h br\ght great discr$it ^u ,j]emiah & ^u all :o _h be5 in/rum5tal 9 ! religi\s *anges ( 8 reign4 #ff ,practices =bidd51 ,lev4 xxi4 #e2 ,deut4 xiv4 #a4 ,j]emiah m5tions !m z ord9>y signs ( m\rn+1 & d\btless !y 7 g5]al 9 8 "t4 ,an anci5t usage1 hav+ its root 9 natural feel+1 is n easily extirpat$4 #fg ,naegelsba*4 #fh ,! figure recalls ! ,p]sian cu/om ( sweep+ (f ! :ole population ( an isl&1 by =m+ a l9e & m>*+ ov] x1 a process ( ext]m9ation call$ by ! ,greek writ]s 1 fi%+ ) a se9e or drag-net 7,h]od4 iii4 #adi1 iv4 #i1 vi4 #ca74 #fi ,= ! con/ruction1 cf4 ,g54 i4 #bb2 ,j]4 li4 #aa4 ,or ,) _! abom9ations !y fill$1 etc41 a d\ble accusative4 #gj i4e41 ,loose ?9e hold ( 444 let g 444 release4 ,read = 4 ,! uses ( to ?r[ d[n1 let fall1 resemble ^? ( ! ,greek & its comp\nds4 ,i correct$ ! passage ?us1 to f9d aft]w>ds t ,i _h be5 anticipat$ by ,j4 ,d4 ,mi*aelis1 ,graf1 & o!rs4 #ga ,!re is some?+ /range ab\t ! phrase by 7^u1 al7 ! ev]gre5 tree4 ,tw5ty-five ,heb4 ,,mss41 ! ,t>g41 & ! ,syriac1 read e 7kol7 = ^u 7al74 ,we /ill feel ! want ( a preposition1 & may confid5tly re/ore "u 7taa?71 f ! n9e o!r passages 9 :i* ev]gre5 tree 7ec raanan7 occurs 9 connexion ) idolatr\s wor%ip4 ,9 all ^! in/ances ! expression is "u e ev]gre5 tree 7taa? kol ec raanan72 f ! ,book ( ! ,law 7,deut4 xii4 #b71 :5ce ,j]emiah probably drew ! phrase1 to #b ,*ron4 xxviii4 #d4 ,j]emiah has already us$ ! phrase ?rice 7ii4 #bj1 iii4 #f1 #ac71 9 exactly ! same =m4 ,! o!r passages are ,ezek4 vi4 #ac2 ,isa4 lvii4 #e2 #b ,k+s xvi4 #d1 xvii4 #aj4 ,! corruption ( kol into al is f\nd else:]e4 ,probably taa? _h dropt out ( ! text1 be=e ! *ange took place "h4 #gb ,a popul> op9ion ( ! "t4 #gc ,isa4 xxii4 #bc4 #gd ,! ,heb4 t]m is probably writt5 ) omission ( ! f9al mem1 a common abbreviation2 & ! "r read+ may be & apo/ates4 #ge = 4 #gf = 4 #gg ,i h left ?is p>agraph z ,i wrote x1 al?\gh ,i feel great d\bts ^u ! subject4 ,:at ,i h rem>k$ else:]e on simil> passages1 %\ld be consid]$ along ) ! pres5t sugge/ions4 ,we h especially to rememb]1 7i7 ! peculi> /atus ( ! speak] z a true prophet2 & 7ii7 ! t]rible invectives ( ,*ri/ ,himself on c]ta9 occasions 7,/4 ,matt4 xxiii4 #cc-ce2 ,/4 ,luke x4 #ae2 ,/4 ,john viii4 #dd74 ,x4 ,,! ,,sabba?--,a ,,w>n+4 ,,j]emiah xvii4 #ai-bg4 ,?us said ,iahvah unto me3 ,g & /& 9 ! gate ( ,b5jam91 :]eby ! k+s ( ,judah come 91 & :]eby !y g out2 & 9 all ! gates ( ,j]usalem4 ,& say unto !m1 ,he> ye ! ^w ( ,iahvah1 ,o k+s ( ,judah1 & all ,judah1 & all inhabitants ( ,j]usalem1 :o come 9 by ^! gates6 ,?us said ,iahvah3 ,bew>e1 on y\r lives1 & be> ye n a burd5 on ! ,day ( ,re/1 nor br+ x 9 by ! gates ( ,j]usalem6 ,nor %all ye br+ a burd5 =? out ( y\r h\ses on ! ,day ( ,re/1 nor %all ye d any "w2 b ye %all hall[ ! ,day ( ,re/1 z ,i comm&$ y\r fa!rs4 7,albeit1 !y he>k5$ n1 nor incl9$ _! e>1 b /iff5$ _! neck aga9/ he>k5+1 & aga9/ receiv+ in/ruction47 ,& x %all come to pass1 if ye w inde$ he>k5 unto ,me1 sai? ,iahvah1 n to br+ a burd5 9 by ! gates ( ?is city on ! ,day ( ,re/1 b to hall[ ! ,day ( ,re/1 n to d !re9 any "w2 !n !re %all come 9 by ! gates ( ?is city k+s & pr9ces sitt+ ^u ! ?rone ( ,david1 rid+ on ! *>iots & on ! horses1 !y & _! pr9ces1 ,o m5 ( ,judah & inhabitants ( ,j]usalem6 & ?is city %all be inhabit$ = ev]4 ,& p %all come 9 f ! cities ( ,judah & f ! places r\nd ,j]usalem1 & f ! l& ( ,b5jam91 & f ! l[l&s1 & f ! hill-c\ntry1 & f ! s\?1 br++ 9 burnt-(f]+ & ?ank-(f]+1 & oblation & inc5se2 & br++ a ?anksgiv+ into ! h\se ( ,iahvah4 ,& if ye he>k5 n unto ,me to hall[ ! ,day ( ,re/1 & n to be> a burd5 & come 9 by ! gates ( ,j]usalem on ! ,day ( ,re/3 ,i w k9dle a fire 9 h] gates1 & x %all dev\r ! palaces ( ,j]usalem1 & %all n be qu5*$4 ,! matt] & mann] ( ?is brief oracle m>k x (f f ^? :i* prec$e x z an indep5d5t utt]ance1 & a :ole complete 9 itself4 ,its position may be acc\nt$ = by its probable date1 :i* may be fix$ a little aft] ! previ\s *apt]s1 9 ! ?ree mon?s' reign ( ! ill-/>r$ ,jehoia*92 & by ! writ]'s or 8 editor's desire to break ! monotony ( comm9ation by an occasional gleam ( hope & promise4 ,at ! same "t1 ! introductory =mula ) :i* x op5s is s simil> to t ( ! two foll[+ oracles 7*aps4 xviii41 xix471 z to sugge/ ! idea ( a connexion 9 "t betwe5 ! memb]s ( ! gr\p4 ,fur!r1 !re is an obvi\s connexion ( ?\ght betwe5 *aps4 xviii41 xix4 ,9 ! =m]1 ! h\se ( ,israel is repres5t$ z clay 9 ! h& ( ! ,div9e ,pott]2 9 ! latt]1 ,judah is a pott]'s vessel de/9$ to be brok5 9 pieces4 ,& if we assume ! priority ( ! piece be=e u1 a logical progress is obs]vable1 f ! alt]native "h pres5t$ = ! p's *oice1 to _! decision = ! worse "p 7xviii4 #ab sqq471 & !n to ! correspond+ decision on ! "p ( ,iahvah 7xix474 ,or1 z ,hitzig puts x o!rwise1 9 ! piece be=e u ! scales are /ill 9 equipoise2 9 *ap4 xviii4 "o goes d[n2 ,iahvah int5ds mis*ief 7v]4 #aa71 & ! p are invit$ to appease ,8 ang]4 ,b ! w>n+ is fruitless2 & !re=e ! prophet ann\nces _! de/ruction1 depict+ x 9 ! d>ke/ col\rs 7*ap4 xix474 ,! imm$iate consequ5ce to ,j]emiah himself is relat$ 9 *ap4 xx4 #a-f2 & x is highly probable t ! section1 *ap4 xxi4 #aa-xxii4 #i1 is ! cont9uation ( ! oracle address$ to ,pa%*ur3 s t we h be=e u a :ole gr\p ( prophecies belong+ to ! same ev5tful p]iod ( ! prophet's activity 7xvii4 #bj agrees closely ) xxii4 #b1 & xvii4 #be ) xxii4 #d74 ,! circum/ances ( ! pres5t oracle are ^!4 ,j]emiah is inw>dly bidd5 to /ation himself fir/ 9 ! gate ( ! sons ( ! p--a gate ( ,j]usalem :i* we _c fur!r det]m9e1 z x is n m5tion$ else:]e "u ?is designation1 b :i* appe>s to h be5 a special resort ( ! masses ( ! population1 because x 0 ! "o by :i* ! k+s 7 wont to ent] & leave ! city1 & :]e !y d\btless 7 accu/om$ to he> petitions & to adm9i/] ju/ice2 & aft]w>ds1 he is to take 8 /& 9 all ! gates 9 turn1 s z n to miss ! *ance ( deliv]+ 8 message to any ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,he is !re to address ! k+s ( ,judah 7v]4 #bj72 an expression :i* may d5ote ! "y k+ ,jehoia*9 & 8 "m 7xiii4 #ah71 or ! k+ & ! pr9ces ( ! blood1 ! ,h\se ( ,david ( *ap4 xxi4 #ab4 ,! promise k+s %all come 9 by ! gates ( ?is city 444 & ?is city %all be inhabit$ = ev]1 & ! ?reat ,i w k9dle a fire 9 h] gates1 & x %all dev\r ! palaces ( ,j]usalem1 may be tak5 to imply a "t :5 ! public dang] 0 g5]ally recognis$4 ,! fir/ "p ( ! promise may be int5d$ to meet an appreh5sion1 su* z might naturally be felt aft] ! dea? ( ,jehoiakim1 t ! inc5s$ ,*aldeans w\ld come & take away ! ,jewi% place & nation4 ,9 rais+ ! boy ,jehoia*9 to ! ?rone ( 8 fa!rs1 m5 may h sorr[fully =ebod$ t1 z ! ev5t prov$1 he w\ld nev] keep 8 cr[n till manhood1 nor beget a race ( future k+s4 ,! matt] ( ! *>ge to rul]s & p is ! due obs]vance ( ! f\r? comm&m5t3 ye %all hall[ ! ,day ( ,re/1 z ,i comm&$ y\r fa!rs 7see ,ex4 xx4 #h1 ,rememb] ! ,day ( ,re/1 to hall[ x--:i* is probably ! orig9al =m ( ! precept4 ,j]emiah1 h[ev]1 probably _h 9 m9d ! =m ( ! precept z x appe>s 9 ,deut]onomy3 ,obs]ve ! ,day ( ,re/ to hall[ x1 z ,iahvah ?y ,god comm&$ !e3 ,deut4 v4 #ab74 ,! ,hebrew t]m = hall[ means to sep>ate a ?+ f common ?+s1 & devote x to ,god4 ,to hall[ ! ,day ( ,re/1 !re=e1 is to make a m>k$ di/9ction betwe5 x & ord9>y days1 & to connect x 9 "s way ) religion4 ,:at is "h comm&$ is to ab/a9 f be>+ burd5s1 & do+ any k9d ( "w 7melakah1 ,g54 ii4 #b1 #c2 ,ex4 xx4 #i1 #aj1 xxxi4 #ad1 #ae2 ,g54 xxxix4 #aa1 appo9t$ task1 duty1 bus9ess74 ,! be>+ ( burd5s into ! gates & out ( ! h\ses cle>ly describes ! ord9>y comm]ce betwe5 t[n & c\ntry4 ,! c\ntry folk are =bidd5 to br+ _! f>m produce to ! m>ket 9 ! city gates1 & ! t[nspeople to convey ?i!r f _! h\ses & %ops ! manufactur$ goods :i* !y 7 accu/om$ to b>t] = ^!4 ,nehemiah's memoirs furni% a good illu/ration ( ! g5]al s5se ( ! passage 7,neh4 xiii4 #ae71 relat+ h[ he suppress$ ?is ,sabba? traffic betwe5 t[n & c\ntry4 ,dr4 ,ku55 has obs]v$ t ,j]emiah is ! fir/ ( ! prophets :o /&s up = a /rict] sanctification ( ! sev5? day1 treat+ x1 h[ev]1 m]ely z a day ( re/4444 ,:at 0 traditional appe>s to h be5 only ab/95ce f field-"w1 & p]haps also f pr(essional pursuits4 ,9 l mann]1 he _h be=e /at$ t t5d5cies to su* an exagg]ation ( ! ,sabba? re/ z w\ld make x absolute1 are f\nd f ! ,*aldean p]iod4 ,isaiah 7i4 #ac7 reg>ds ! ,sabba? purely z a sacrificial day4 ,! la/ /atem5t "h is h>dly a fair inf]5ce4 ,9 ! passage ref]r$ to ,isaiah is inveigh+ aga9/ ! futile wor%ip ( 8 contempor>ies2 & he only m5tions ! ,sabba? 9 ?is connexion4 ,& t tradition requir$ m ?an ab/95ce f field-"w is evid5t f words ( ! prophet ,amos1 writt5 at lea/ a c5tury & a half be=e ! pres5t oracle1 & imply+ t v ab/95ce f trad+ :i* ,j]emiah prescribes4 ,amos makes ! grasp+ deal]s ( 8 "t cry impati5tly1 ,:5 w ! new moon be gone1 t we may sell corn8 & ! sabba?1 t we may set out :eat = sale8 7,amos viii4 #e72 a cle> pro( t buy+ & sell+ 7 susp5d$ on ! sabba? fe/ival 9 ! eigh? c5tury ,b4,c4 ,x is h>dly likely t1 :5 law or cu/om compell$ covet\s deal]s to cease op]ations on ! ,sabba?1 & buy+ & sell+1 ! pr9cipal bus9ess ( ! "t1 0 susp5d$1 ! artisans ( t[n or c\ntry w\ld be all[$ by public op9ion to ply _! ev]yday tasks4 ,accord+ly1 :5 ,j]emiah adds to 8 prohibition ( ,sabba? trad+1 a veto ^u any k9d ( "w--a t]m :i* includes ?is traffick+1 b also cov]s ! lab\r ( h&icraftsm5 7cf4 #a ,k+s v4 #cj2 #b ,k+s xii4 #ab2 ,ex4 xxxv4 #ce7--;he is n really increas+ ! /r+5cy ( ! traditional rule ab\t ,sabba? obs]vance4 ,fur!r1 x is difficult to und]/& h[ ,dr4 ,ku55 c\ld ga!r f ?is passage t ,j]emiah treats ! ,sabba? m]ely z a day ( re/4 ,?is negative "* ( m]e cessation f "w1 ( en=c$ idl5ess1 is f> f be+ ! sole feature ( ! ,sabba?1 ei!r 9 ,j]emiah's view ( x1 or z o!r m anci5t au?orities repres5t x4 ,! te/imony ( ! passage be=e u proves1 if pro( 7 ne$$1 t ! ,sabba? 0 a day ( wor%ip4 ,?is is impli$ bo? by ! phrase ye %all hall[ ! ,day ( ,re/1 t is1 consecrate x to ,iahvah2 & by ! promise t if ! precept be obs]v$ fai?fully1 abundant (f]+s %all fl[ into ! temple f all p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 t is1 z ! context seems to require1 = ! due celebration ( ! ,sabba? fe/ival4 ,!re is an int5tional contra/ betwe5 ! br++ ( innum]able victims1 & be>+ burd5s ( fl\r & oil & inc5se on ! ,sabba?1 = ! joyful s]vice ( ! temple1 includ+ ! fe/al meal ( ! wor%ipp]s1 & t o!r c>riage ( goods = m]ely secul> objects4 ,& z ! weal? ( ! ,j]usalem prie/hood *iefly dep5d$ ^u ! abundance ( ! sacrifices1 x may be suppos$ t ,j]emiah ?us gives !m a h9t t x is really _! int]e/ to enc\rage ! obs]vance ( ! law ( ! ,sabba?4 ,= if m5 7 busy ) _! buy+ & sell+1 _! mak+ & m5d+1 ^u ! sev5? z on o!r days1 !y w\ld h no m "t or incl9ation = religi\s duties1 ?an ! ,sunday trad]s ( our l>ge t[ns h "u ! va/ly *ang$ conditions ( ! pres5t day4 ,moreov]1 ! tea*+ ( our prophet 9 ?is matt] takes = grant$ t ( 8 pr$ecessors1 ) ^: writ+s he 0 ?or\ghly acqua9t$4 ,if 9 ?is passage he does n expressly designate ! ,sabba? z a religi\s fe/ival1 x is because x seem$ ne$less to /ate a ?+ s obvi\s1 s g5]ally recognis$ 9 !ory1 h[ev] loosely obs]v$ 9 practice4 ,! eld] prophets ,hosea1 ,amos1 ,isaiah1 associate ,sabba? & new moon toge!r z days ( fe/al rejoic+1 :5 m5 appe>$ be=e ,iahvah1 t is1 repair$ to ! sanctu>y = wor%ip & sacrifice 7,hos4 ii4 #aa2 ,isa4 i4 #aa-ad71 & :5 all ord9>y bus9ess 0 consequ5tly susp5d$ 7,amos viii4 #e74 ,x is cle>1 !n1 f ?is important passage ( ,j]emiah t 9 8 "t & by himself ! ,sabba? 0 /ill reg>d$ "u ! d\ble aspect ( a religi\s fea/ & a day ( cessation f lab\r1 ! latt] be+1 z 9 ! anci5t _w g5]ally1 a natural consequ5ce ( ! =m] *>act]i/ic4 ,:e!r ! abolition ( ! local sanctu>ies 9 ! eighte5? ye> ( ,josiah result$ 9 any practical modification ( ! conception ( ! ,sabba?1 s t1 9 ! words ( ,pr(essor ,rob]tson ,smi?1 x became = mo/ ,israelites an in/itution ( humanity divorc$ f ritual1 is r5d]$ d\btful by ! foll[+ consid]ations4 ,! p]iod betwe5 ! re=m ( ,josiah & ! fall ( ,j]usalem 0 v brief1 includ+ n m ?an ab\t ?irty-five ye>s 7#fba-ehf1 accord+ to ,wellhaus574 ,b t a reaction foll[$ ! disa/r\s end ( ! royal ,re=m]1 is bo? likely "u ! circum/ances1 & impli$ by ! express ass]tions ( ! au?or ( ,k+s1 :o decl>es ( ! succe$+ mon>*s t !y did evil 9 ! sight ( ! ,"l accord+ to all t _! fa!rs _h done4 ,z ,wellhaus5 writes3 ! battle ( ,megiddo _h %[n t 9 spite ( ! cov5ant ) ,jehovah ! possibilities ( non-success 9 w> rema9$ ! same z be=e3 s at lea/ x w\ld appe> to ! unspiritual m9d ( a populace1 /ill hank]+ aft] ! old =ms ( local wor%ip1 ) _! c>eless connivance at riot & disord]4 ,x is n probable t a rapaci\s & bloody tyrant1 l ,jehoiakim1 w\ld ev9ce m t5d]ness = ! ritual laws ?an = ! moral precepts ( ,deut]onomy4 ,x is likely1 !n1 t ! wor%ip at ! local high places reviv$ dur+ ?is & ! foll[+ reigns1 j z x _h reviv$ aft] its tempor>y abolition by ,hezekiah 7#b ,k+s xviii4 #bb74 ,moreov]1 x is ) ,judah1 n ru9$ & depopulat$ ,israel1 t we h to deal2 & ev5 9 ,judah ! p mu/ by ?is "t h be5 greatly r$uc$ by w> & its att5dant evils1 s t ,j]usalem itself & its imm$iate neighb\rhood probably compris$ ! ma9 "p ( ! population to :i* ,j]emiah address$ 8 disc\rses dur+ ?is p]iod4 ,! bulk ( ! little nation w\ld1 9 fact1 naturally conc5trate ^u ,j]usalem1 9 ! tr\bl\s times t foll[$ ! dea? ( ,josiah4 ,if s1 x is sup]flu\s to assume t mo/ m5 c\ld only visit ! c5tral alt> at r>e int]vals dur+ ^! la/ decades ( ! national exi/5ce4#gi ,! *ange ( view belongs r to ! six? ?an ! sev5? c5tury1 to ,babylonia r ?an to ,judea4 ,! ,sabba? obs]vance prescrib$ by ! old ,law1 & recomm5d$ by ,j]emiah1 0 inde$ a v diff]5t ?+ f ! p$antic & burd5some obligation :i* x aft]w>ds became 9 ! h&s ( scribes & ,ph>isees4 ,^!1 ) _! long catalogue ( prohibit$ works1 & _! grotesque me?ods ( evad+ ! rig\r ( _! own rules1 _h succe$$ 9 mak+ :at 0 orig9ally a joy\s fe/ival & day ( re/ = ! we>y1 into an intol]able int]lude ( joyless re/ra9t2 :5 our ,"l rem9d$ !m t ! ,sabba? 0 made = man1 & n man = ! ,sabba? 7,/4 ,m>k ii4 #bg74 ,treat+ ! /rict obs]vance ( ! day z an end 9 itself1 !y =got or ignor$ ! fact t ! olde/ =ms ( ! sacr$ ,law agre$ 9 ju/ify+ ! in/itution by religi\s & humanit>ian consid]ations 7,ex4 xx4 #h1 #aj2 ,deut4 v4 #ab74 ,! diff]5ce 9 ! gr\nds assign$ by ! diff]5t legislations--,deut]onomy alleg+ nei!r ! ,div9e ,re/ ( ,exodus xx41 nor ! sign ( ,exodus xxxi4 #ac1 b ! enlight5$ & endur+ motive t ?y bondman & ?9e h&maid may re/ z well z ?\1 c\pl$ ) ! feel+ injunction1 ,rememb] t ?\ wa/ a bondman 9 ! l& ( ,egypt 7,deut4 v4 #ad1 #ae7--ne$ n "h be discuss$2 = 9 any case1 ! diff]5t motives ?us sugge/$ 7 en\gh to make x cle> to ^? :o _h eyes to see1 t ! ,sabba? 0 n anci5tly conceiv$ z an arbitr>y in/itution e/abli%$ purely = its own sake1 & )\t ref]5ce to ult]ior consid]ations ( public b5efit4 ,! ,book ( ! ,cov5ant affirm$ ! pr9ciple ( ,sabba? re/ 9 ^! unmi/akable t]ms3 ,six days ?\ may/ d ?y works1 & on ! sev5? day ?\ %alt leave (f1 t ?9e ox & ?9e ass may re/1 & ! son ( ?9e h&maid--! home-born slave--& ! ali5 may be refre%$ 7,ex4 xxiii4 #ab71 lit4 recov] brea?1 h respite4 ,! humane c>e ( ! lawgiv] = ! dumb toil]s & slaves requires no comm5t2 & we h already notic$ ! same _s ( humanity 9 ! lat] precept ( ! ,book ( ! ,law 7,deut4 v4 #ad1 #ae74 ,^! old] rules1 x w be obs]v$1 are p]fectly g5]al 9 _! scope1 & =bid n p>ticul> actions 7,ex4 xvi4 #bc1 xxxv4 #c2 ,num4 xv4 #cb71 b ! cont9uance ( ord9>y lab\r2 prescrib+ a m]ciful int]mission alike = ! cattle employ$ 9 husb&ry & z bea/s ( burd51 & = all classes ( dep5d5ts4 ,! orig9 ( ! ,sabba? fe/ival is lo/ 9 obscurity4 ,:5 ! unkn[n writ] ( ,g54 i4 s beautifully connects x ) ! creation ( ! _w1 he betrays n only ! belief ( 8 contempor>ies 9 its immemorial antiquity1 b also a true p]ception ( ! utility ( ! in/itution1 its p]fect adaptation to ! wants ( humanity4 ,he expresses 8 s5se ( ! fact 9 ! mo/ emphatic way possible1 by affirm+ ! ,div9e orig9 ( an in/itution ^: value to man is div9ely great2 & by c>ry+ back t orig9 to ! v beg9n+1 he implies t ! ,sabba? 0 made = mank9d & n m]ely = ,israel4 ,to :om inde$ c\ld an anci5t ,jewi% writ] ref] z ! orig9al s\rce ( ?is unique bless+ ( a ,day ( ,re/ & draw+ ne> to ,god1 if n to ,iahvah1 ! f\nta9 ( all ?+s good8 ,t ,moses1 ! f\nd] ( ! nation1 gave ,israel ! ,sabba?1 is z likely z any?+ c be4 ,:e!r1 9 do+ s1 he simply sanction$ an anci5t & salut>y cu/om 7inve/+ x p]haps ) new & bett] associations71 dat+ f ! tribal exi/5ce ( ! fa!rs 9 ,*aldea1 or ord]$ ! matt] s 9 purposeful contra/ to ! ,egyptian week ( t5 days1 _c at pres5t be det]m9$4 ,! ,sabba? ( ,israel1 bo? t ( ! prophets & t ( ! scribes1 0 an in/itution :i* di/+ui%$ ! nation f all o!rs 9 ! p]iod op5 to hi/orical scrut9y2 & ) ?is k we may re/ cont5t4 ,t :i* made ,israel :at x 01 & :at x became to ! _w2 ! total ( ! good :i* ?is p realiz$1 & left z a priceless h]itage to mank9d = ev]1 0 ! outcome1 n ( :at x _h 9 common ) hea!n antiquity1 b ( :at 0 peculi> to itself 9 ideas & in/itutions4 ,we _c be too /rongly on our gu>d aga9/ assum+ ext]nal1 sup]ficial1 & (t5 accid5tal resemblances1 to be an index ( inw>d & ess5tial lik5ess & unity4 ,:atev] approximations may be e/abli%$ by mod]n ar*ology betwe5 ,israel & k9dr$ peoples1 x w /ill be true t ^? po9ts ( contact d n expla91 ?\gh to ! appreh5sion ( individuals !y may obscure :at is truly *>act]i/ic ( ,israel1 & :at alone gives t nation its imp]i%able significance 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,aft] all d$uctions made ^u su* gr\nds1 no?+ c aboli% ! =ce ( ! fact t ,moses & ! prophets d n belong to ,moab1 ,ammon1 or ,edom2 t ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ?\gh writt5 9 ! language ( ,canaan1 is n a monum5t ( ,canaanite b ( ,israelite fai?2 t ! ,*ri/ did n spr+ out ( ,babylon or ,egypt1 & t ,*ri/ianity is n explicable z ! la/ developm5t ( ,accadian magic or ,egyptian animal wor%ip4 ,to ^? :o believe t ! prophets enjoy$ a high] & less fallible guidance ?an human fancy1 reflexion1 exp]i5ce2 :o recognise 9 ! g5]al aim & effect ( _! tea*+1 z contra/$ ) t ( o!r tea*]s1 ! be/ pro( t _! m9ds 7 subject to an influ5ce & a _s transc5d+ ! common limits ( humanity2 ! prom95ce giv5 by ,j]emiah to ! law ( ! ,sabba? w be suffici5t evid5ce ( ! importance ( t law to ! welf>e ( 8 contempor>ies1 if n ( all subsequ5t g5]ations4 ,if we h rightly assign$ ! piece to ! reign ( ,jehoia*91 we may suppose t among ! contr>y curr5ts :i* agitat$ ! national life at t crisis1 !re 7 indications ( rep5tance & remorse at ! misdo+s ( ! late reign4 ,! pres5t utt]ance ( ! prophet might !n be reg>d$ z a te/ ( ! degree & wor? ( ! revulsion ( popul> feel+ t[>ds ! ,god ( ! ,fa!rs4 ,! nation 0 trembl+ = its exi/5ce2 & ,j]emiah met its fe>s1 by po9t+ out ! pa? ( safety4 ,"h 0 "o special precept hi!rto b little obs]v$4 ,w\ld !y keep x n[ & h5ce=?1 9 tok5 ( a g5u9e ob$i5ce8 ,rep5tance 9 g5]al t]ms is nev] difficult4 ,! rub is conduct4 ,recognition ( ! ,div9e ,law is easy1 s long z life is n submitt$ to its control4 ,! prophet ?us proposes1 9 a s+le famili> in/ance1 a pla9 te/ ( s9c]ity1 :i* is p]haps n less applicable 9 our own day ?an x 0 !n4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! word+ ( ! f9al ?reat sugge/s a ?\ght ( solemn consequ5ce = ourselves4 ,i w k9dle a fire 9 h] gates1 & x %all dev\r ! ca/les ( ,j]usalem--& %all n be qu5*$6 ,! gates 7 ! sc5e ( ,judah's s9ful brea* ( ! ,sabba? law1 & 9 !m h] puni%m5t is to beg94 ,s 9 ! aft] life ( ! lo/ ^? p>ts ( ! physical & m5tal organism :i* h be5 ! pr9cipal seats ( s91 ! means & in/rum5ts ( man's misdo+1 w also be ! seat ( ke5e/ suff]+1 ! s\rce & abode ( ! mo/ poignant mis]y4 ,! fire t nev] %all be qu5*$--,jesus has spok5 ( t awful my/]y1 z well z ,j]emiah4 ,x is ! ev]-k9dl+1 nev]-dy+ fire ( hopeless & insatiable desire2 x is ! )]+ flame ( hatr$ ( self1 :5 ! ca/away sees ) op5 eyes :at t self has become2 x is ! burn+ pa9 ( a sleepless memory ( ! unalt]able pa/2 x is ! pi]c+ s5se ( a life flung recklessly to ru92 x is ! scor*+ %ame1 ! sca?+ self-contempt1 ! qu5*less1 rag+ ?ir/ = deliv]ance f ourselves2 x is ! fe>ful consci\sness ( self-de/ruction1 br&$ ^u ! s\l = ev] & ev]6 ,,footnotes3 #gh ,! context is aga9/ suppos+1 ) ,graf1 t ! prophet's call he> ye6 ext5ds also to pr9ces yet unborn 7cf4 xiii4 #ac2 xxv4 #ah is diff]5t74 ,if1 h[ev]1 x be ?\ght t ,j]emiah address$ n ! sov]eigns p]sonally1 b only ! p pass+ 9 & out ( ! gates2 !n ! expression becomes intelligible z a g5]alis$ plural1 l ! p>allels 9 #b ,*ron4 xxviii4 #c 78 *ildr571 ibid4 #af 7! k+s ( ,assyria ,tigla?-piles] ,,ii474 ,! prophet might naturally avoid ! s+ul> z too p]sonal1 9 affirm+ an obligation :i* lay ^u ! ,judean k+s 9 g5]al4 #gi ,encycl4 ,britann41 s4v4 ,sabba?1 p4 #abe4 ,,xi4 ,,! ,,div9e ,,pott]4 ,,j]emiah xviii4 ,j]emiah goes d[n into ! ,l[] ,t[n1 or ! valley betwe5 ! upp] & l[] city2 & !re 8 att5tion is arre/$ by a pott] sitt+ at "w be=e 8 :eel4 ,z ! prophet wat*es1 a vessel is spoil$ 9 ! mak+ "u ! craftsman's h&2 s ! process beg9s afre%1 & out ( ! same lump ( clay ano!r vessel is m\ld$1 accord+ to ! pott]'s fancy4 ,reflect+ ^u :at he _h se51 ,j]emiah recognis$ a ,div9e ,^w alike 9 ! impulse :i* l$ him ?i!r1 & 9 ! famili> actions ( ! pott]4 ,p]haps z he sat m$itat+ at home1 or pray+ 9 ! c\rt ( ! temple1 ! ?\ght _h cross$ 8 m9d t ,iahvah 0 ! ,pott]1 & mank9d ! clay 9 ,8 h&s2 a ?\ght :i* recurs s (t5 9 ! eloqu5t pages ( ! second ,isaiah1 :o 0 d\btless indebt$ to ! pres5t oracle = ! sugge/ion ( x4 ,mus+ ^u ?is ?\ght1 ,j]emiah w&]$ half-unconsci\sly d[n to ! work%op ( ! pott]2 & !re1 "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,div9e ,_s1 8 ?\ght develop$ itself into a lesson = 8 p & = u4 ,_c ,i d unto y l ?is pott]1 ,o h\se ( ,israel8 sai? ,iahvah2 ,behold1 z ! clay 9 ! pott]'s h&1 s are ye 9 ,my h&1 ,o h\se ( ,israel4 ,iahvah has an absolute control ov] ,8 p & ov] all peoples1 to %ape _! condition & to alt] _! de/9y2 a control z absolute z t ( ! pott] ov] ! clay betwe5 8 h&s1 :i* he m\lds & rem\lds at w4 ,m5 are :olly malleable 9 ! h&s ( _! ,mak]2 incapable1 by ! nature ( ?+s1 ( any real resi/ance to ,8 purpose4 ,if ! fir/ int5tion ( ! pott] fail 9 ! execution1 he does n fail to realize 8 plan on a second trial4 ,& if man's nature & circum/ances appe> = a "t to ?w>t ! ,mak]'s design2 if ! unyield+ pride & intractable temp] ( a nation m> its beauty & wor? 9 ! eyes ( its ,creator1 & r5d] x unfit = its de/9$ uses & functions2 ,he c take away ! =m ,he has giv51 & r$uce ,8 "w to %apelessness1 & remodel ! ru9$ mass into accordance ) ,8 sov]eign design4 ,iahvah1 ! supreme ,au?or ( all exi/5ce1 c d ?is4 ,x is evid5t t ! ,creator c d z ,he w ) ,8 creature4 ,b all ,8 deal+s ) man are condition$ by moral consid]ations4 ,he m$dles ) no nation caprici\sly1 & irrespective ( its attitude t[>ds ,8 laws4 ,at "o mom5t ,i ?reat5 a nation & a k+dom t ,i w uproot & pull d[n & de/roy4 ,& t nation :i* ,i ?reat5$ returne? f its evil1 & ,i rep5t ( ! evil t ,i purpos$ to d x4 ,& at ano!r mom5t1 ,i promise a nation & a k+dom t ,i w build & plant4 ,& x doe? ! ,evil 9 ,m9e eyes1 9 n he>k5+ unto ,my voice2 & ,i rep5t ( ! good t ,i said ,i w\ld d x 7vv4 #g-aj74 ,?is is a bold affirmation1 impressive 9 its nak$ simplicity & directness ( /atem5t1 ( a tru? :i* 9 all ages has tak5 possession ( m9ds at all capable ( a compreh5sive survey ( national exp]i5ce2 ! tru? t !re is a p[] reveal+ itself 9 ! *anges & *ances ( human hi/ory1 %ap+ its c\rse1 & giv+ x a c]ta9 def9ite direction1 n )\t reg>d to ! et]nal pr9ciples ( morality4 ,:5 9 "s unexpect$ calamity :i* /rikes d[n an individual s9n]1 m5 recognise a judgm5t or an in/ance ( ! visitation ( ,god1 !y infr+e ! rule ( ,*ri/ian *>ity1 :i* =bids u to judge our bre?r54 ,yet su* judgm5t1 liable z x is to be too readily sugge/$ by private ill-w1 envy & o!r evil passions1 :i* w>p ! ev5 ju/ice t %\ld guide our decisions1 & bl9d ! m9d to its own lack ( imp>tiality1 is 9 g5]al ! p]v]sion ( a true in/9ct :i* p]si/s 9 spite ( all sci5tific sophi/ries & philosophic fallacies4 ,= x is an irrepressible in/9ct r ?an a reason$ op9ion :i* makes u all believe1 h[ev] inconsi/5tly & vaguely1 t ,god rules2 t ,provid5ce ass]ts itself 9 ! /ream ( circum/ance1 9 ! curr5t ( human affairs4 ,! native /r5g? ( ?is in/9ctive belief is %ewn by its survival 9 m9ds t h long s9ce ca/ (f allegiance to religi\s cre$s4 ,x only ne$s a sudd5 s5se ( p]sonal dang]1 ! %>p %ock ( a s]i\s accid5t1 ! =ebod+ ( bitt] loss1 ! unexpect$ b utt] ov]?r[ ( "s well-laid s*eme t seem$ assur$ ( success1 to /ir ! fai? t is lat5t 9 ! dep?s ( ! mo/ call\s & worldly he>t1 & to =ce ! ackn[l$gm5t ( a righte\s ,judge en?ron$ above4 ,comp>$ ) ! my/]i\s ,p[] :i* ev9ces itself cont9u\sly 9 ! app>5t *aos ( conflict+ ev5ts1 man's free w is l ! eddy :irl+ r\nd ^u ! bosom ( a maje/ic riv] z x floats irresi/ibly onw>d to its goal1 be>+ ! t9y vortex along ) x4 ,man's p[] ( self-det]m9ation no m int]f]es ) ! c\nsels ( ,provid5ce ?an ! diurnal revolution ( ! e>? on its axis int]f]es ) its annual revolution r\nd ! sun4 ,! great] comprises ! less2 & ,god includes ! _w4 ,! ,creator has implant$ 9 ! creature a p[] ( *oice betwe5 good & evil1 :i* is a pale reflexion ( ,8 own trem5d\s ,be+4 ,b h[ c we ev5 imag9e ! dep5d5t1 ! limit$1 ! f9ite1 act+ indep5d5tly ( ! w ( ! ,absolute & ,inf9ite8 ,! fi% may swim aga9/ ! ocean curr5t2 b c x swim at all out ( ! ocean8 ,its entire activity dep5ds ^u ! m$ium 9 :i* x lives & moves & has its be+4 ,b ,j]emiah exposes ! secret ( ,provid5ce to ! eyes ( 8 fell[-c\ntrym5 = a p>ticul> purpose4 ,8 aim is to eradicate c]ta9 preval5t misconceptions1 s z to enable !m to rightly appreh5d ! mean+ ( ,god's pres5t deal+s ) !mselves4 ,! popul> belief 0 t ,zion 0 an inviolable sanctu>y2 t :atev] disa/]s might h befall5 ! nation 9 ! pa/1 or might be imm95t 9 ! future1 ,iahvah c\ld n1 = ,8 own sake1 p]mit ! ext9ction ( ,judah z a nation4 ,= !n ,8 wor%ip1 ! wor%ip ( ! temple1 ! sacrifices ( ! "o alt>1 w\ld be aboli%$2 & ,8 hon\r & ,8 ,"n w\ld be =gott5 among m54 ,^! 7 ! ?\ghts :i* com=t$ !m 9 ! try+ "t :5 a ?\s& rum\rs ( ! com+ ( ! ,*aldeans to puni% _! revolt 7 fly+ ab\t ! l&2 & f day to day m5 liv$ 9 trembl+ expectation ( imp5d+ siege & slaught]4 ,^! 7 ! beliefs :i* ! popul> prophets1 !mselves probably 9 mo/ cases fanatical believ]s 9 _! own doctr9e1 vehem5tly ma9ta9$ 9 opposition to ,j]emiah4 ,above all1 !re 0 ! cov5ant betwe5 ,iahvah & ,8 p1 admitt$ z a fact bo? by ,j]emiah & 8 oppon5ts4 ,0 x conceivable t ! ,god ( ! ,fa!rs1 :o _h *os5 !m & _! po/]ity to be ,8 p = ev]1 w\ld turn f ,8 purpose1 & reject ,8 *os5 utt]ly8 ,j]emiah meets ^! popul> illusions by apply+ 8 analogy ( ! pott]4 ,! pott] fa%ions a mass ( clay into a vessel2 & ,iahvah _h fa%ion$ ,israel into a nation4 ,b z ?\gh ! mass ( in]t matt] _h prov5 unwieldy or /ubborn to ! t\*es ( 8 pla/ic h&s2 z ! :eel revolv$1 a mis%ap5 product result$1 :i* ! arti/ broke up aga91 & m\ld$ afre% on 8 :eel1 till x em]g$ a fair copy ( 8 ideal4 ,& s1 9 ! revolutions ( "t1 ,israel _h fail$ ( realiz+ ! design ( 8 ,mak]1 & _h become a vessel ( wra? fitt$ to de/ruction4 ,b z ! rebelli\s lump 0 fa%ion$ aga9 by ! deft h& ( ! ma/]1 s might ?is refractory p be brok5 & built up anew by ! ,div9e ma/] h&4 ,9 ! light ( ?is analogy1 ! prophet int]prets ! exi/+ complications ( ! political _w4 ,! s]i\s dang]s imp5d+ ov] ! nation are a sure symptom t ! ,div9e ,pott] is at "w1 m\ld+ an evil fate = ,judah & ,j]usalem4 ,& n[ pri!e say unto ! m5 ( ,judah & ! inhabitants ( ,j]usalem3 ,?us ha? ,iahvah said1 ,behold ,i am m\ld+ evil aga9/ y1 ,& devis+ a device aga9/ y6 ,b ,iahvah's m5aces are n ! m]e v5t ( a tyrant's caprice or causeless ang]3 !y are a delib]ate ef=t to break ! h>d he>t1 to r$uce x to contrition1 to prep>e x = a new creation 9 a m glori\s lik5ess4 ,!re=e ! ?reat closes ) an entreaty3 ,return ye1 ,i pray y1 ea* f 8 evil way1 ,& make good y\r ways & y\r do+s6 ,if ! prophetic w>n+ fulfil its purpose1 & ! nation rep5t1 !n z 9 ! case ( ,n9eveh1 :i* rep5t$ at ! prea*+ ( ,jonah1 ! s5t5ce ( de/ruction is revok$1 & ! doom$ nation is grant$ a new lease ( life4 ,! same tru? holds good rev]sely4 ,god's promises are z conditional z ,8 ?reats4 ,if a nation lapse f orig9al righte\sness1 ! sure consequ5ce is ! )drawal ( ,div9e fav\r1 & all ( bless+ & p]man5ce t x conf]s4 ,x is evid5t t ! prophet directly contradicts ! popul> p]suasion1 :i* 0 also ! curr5t tea*+ ( 8 pr(essional oppon5ts1 t ,iahvah's promises to ,israel are absolute1 t is1 irrespective ( moral consid]ations4 ,j]emiah is reveal+1 9 t]ms suit$ to ! intellig5ce ( 8 "t1 ! true law ( ! ,div9e deal+s ) ,israel & ) man4 ,& :at he has "h writt51 x is important to be> 9 m9d1 :5 we are /udy+ o!r passages ( 8 writ+s & ^? ( 8 pr$ecessors1 :i* =e%[ judgm5ts & m]cies to individual peoples4 ,h[ev] absolute ! language ( pr$iction1 ! qualification "h suppli$ mu/ usually be und]/ood2 s t x is n too mu* to say t ?is rem>kable utt]ance is "o ( ! keys to ! compreh5sion ( ,hebrew prophecy4 ,b n[1 all[+ = antique phraseology1 & = ! imm5se diff]5ce betwe5 anci5t & mod]n modes ( ?\ght & expression2 all[+ also = ! new light %$ ^u ! problems ( life & hi/ory by ! tea*+ ( ,him :o has supplem5t$ all t 0 incomplete 9 ! doctr9e ( ! prophets & ! revelation grant$ to ! m5 ( ! eld] disp5sation2 mu/ we pron\nce ?is oracle ( ,j]emiah's sub/antially true or ! contr>y8 ,is ! view ?us =mulat$ an obsolete op9ion1 excusable 9 days :5 sci5tific ?9k+ 0 unkn[n2 useful inde$ = ! fur!rance ( ! imm$iate aims ( its au?ors1 b n[ to be reject$ :olly z a pr(\nd mi/ake1 :i* mod]n enlight5m5t has at once expos$ & r5d]$ sup]flu\s to an intellig5t fai? 9 ! ,god ( ! prophets8 ,"h & ev]y:]e else1 ,j]emiah's language is 9 =m highly an?ropomorphic4 ,if x 0 to arre/ ! att5tion ( ! multitude1 x c\ld n well h be5 o!rwise4 ,he seems to say t ,god *anges ,8 int5tions1 accord+ z a nation *anges its behavi\r4 ,some?+ mu/ be all[$ = /yle1 9 a writ] ^: v prose is m ?an half poetry1 & ^: utt]ances are s (t5 lyrical 9 =m z well z matt]4 ,! ,israelite ?9k]s1 h[ev]1 7 also well aw>e t ! ,et]nal is sup]ior to *ange2 z is cle> f t /rik+ ^w ( ,samuel3 ,! ,glory ( ,israel lie? n nor rep5te?2 = ,he is n man1 t ,he %\ld rep5t 7#a ,sam4 xv4 #bi74 ,& prophetic passages l t 9 ,k+s1 :i* s nobly decl>es t ! heav5 & ! heav5 ( heav5s _c conta9 ,god 7cf4 ,j]4 xxiii4 #bd71 or t ( ! second ,isaiah :i* affirms t ! ,div9e ways & purposes are z mu* high] ?an ^? ( ,8 p1 z ! heav5s are high] ?an ! e>? 7,isa4 lv4 #i71 prove t ! vivid an?ropomorphic expressions ( ! popul> tea*+ ( ! prophets ought 9 m]e ju/ice to be limit$ by ^! wid] conceptions ( ! ,div9e ,nature & attributes4 ,^! passages are q en\gh to cle> ! prophets ( ! accusation ( ent]ta9+ su* gross & crude ideas ( ,deity z ^? :i* ,x5ophanes ridicul$1 & :i* f9d _! embodim5t 9 mo/ my?ologies4 ,!re is inde$ a s5se 9 :i* all ?9k+1 n only ?\ght ab\t ,god1 b ab\t ! natural _w1 mu/ be an?ropomorphic4 ,man is unque/ionably ! measure ( all ?+s1 & he measures by a human /&>d4 ,he int]prets ! _w )\t 9 t]ms ( 8 own consci\sness2 he imposes ! =ms & m\lds ( 8 own m9d ^u ! univ]sal mass ( ?+s4 ,"t1 space1 matt]1 motion1 numb]1 weight1 organ1 function1--:at are all ^! b inw>d conceptions by :i* ! m9d r$uces a *aos ( conflict+ impressions to ord] & h>mony8 ,:at ! ext]nal _w may be1 ap>t f our ideas ( x1 no philosoph] pret5ds to be able to say2 & an equal difficulty emb>rasses ^? :o w\ld def9e :at ! ,deity is1 ap>t f ,8 relations to man4 ,b !n x is only ^? relations t really conc]n u2 ev]y?+ else is idle speculation1 little becom+ to creatures s frail & ephem]al z we4 ,f ?is po9t ( view1 we may fairly ask1 :at diff]5ce x makes :e!r ! prophet affirm t ,iahvah rep5ts ( retributive designs1 :5 a nation rep5ts ( its s9s1 or t a nation's rep5tance w be foll[$ by ! re/oration ( temporal prosp]ity4 ,x is a m]e matt] ( /atem5t2 & ! =m] way ( putt+ ! tru? 0 ! m intelligible way to 8 contempor>ies1 & has1 besides1 ! advantage ( imply+ ! fur!r tru? t ! =tunes ( nations d n dep5d ^u a bl9d & inexorable fate1 b ^u ! ,w & ,law ( a holy ,god4 ,x affirms a ,lawmak] z well z a ,law1 a ,provid5ce z well z an uni=m sequ5ce ( ev5ts4 ,! prophet ass]ts1 !n1 t nations reap :at !y h s[n2 t _! hi/ory is1 9 g5]al1 a record ( ,god's judgm5ts ^u _! ways & do+s4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 a matt] ( fai?1 z are all beliefs ab\t ! ,unse52 b x is a fai? :i* has its root 9 an app>5tly in]adicable in/9ct ( humanity4 1 ,! do] mu/ suff]1 is n a conviction ( ,hebrew religion only2 x belongs to ! univ]sal religi\s consci\sness4 ,"s critics are fond ( pron\nc+ ! policy ( ! prophets a mi/ak5 "o4 ,!y comm5d ! high tone ( _! moral tea*+s1 b consid] _! =eca/s ( ! future & int]pretations ( pass+ ev5ts1 z errone\s d$uctions f _! g5]al views ( ! ,div9e nature4 ,we are n well acqua9t$ ) ! times & circum/ances "u :i* ! prophets wrote & spoke4 ,?is is true ev5 9 ! case ( ,j]emiah2 ! hi/ory ( ! "t exi/s only 9 ! b>e/ outl9e4 ,b ! writ+s ( an ,isaiah or an ,amos make x difficult to suppose t _! au?ors w\ld n h occupi$ a lead+ position 9 any age & nation2 _! ?\ght is ! highe/ product ( ! ,hebrew m9d2 & ! policy ( ,isaiah at lea/1 dur+ ! ,assyrian crisis1 0 glori\sly ju/ifi$ by ! ev5t4 ,we ne$ n1 h[ev]1 /op "h 9 attempt+ to v9dicate ! attitude & aims ( ! prophets4 ,)\t claim+ infallibility = e individual utt]ance ( !irs--)\t display+ ! bad ta/e & entire lack ( lit]>y tact :i* w\ld be impli$ by insi/+ ^u ! m9ute accuracy & close correspond5ce to fact1 ( all t ! prophets =ebod$1 all t !y sugge/$ z possible or probable1 & by turn+ all _! poetical figures & similes into bald ass]tions ( lit]al fact2 we may1 ,i ?9k1 /eadfa/ly affirm t ! great pr9ciples ( reveal$ religion1 :i* x 0 _! mission to enunciate & impress by all ! res\rces ( a f]vid oratory & a high-wr\ght poetical imag9ation1 are absolutely & et]nally true4 ,man does reap z he s[s2 all hi/ory records x4 ,! pres5t welf>e & future p]man5ce ( a nation d dep5d1 & h always dep5d$1 ^u ! /r5g? ( its adhesion to religi\s & moral convictions4 ,:at 0 x t enabl$ ,israel to ga9 a foot+ 9 ,canaan1 & to r$uce1 "o aft] ano!r1 nations & communities f> m advanc$ 9 ! arts ( civilization ?an !y8 ,:at b ! physical & moral =ce g5]at$ by ! h>dy & simple life ( ! des]t1 & discipl9$ by wise ob$i5ce to ! laws ( _! ,invisible ,k+8 ,:at b a burn+ fai? 9 ! ,"l ( ,ho/s1 ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ! true ,lead] ( ! armies ( ,israel8 ,_h !y only rema9$ uncontam9at$ by ! luxuries & vices ( ! conqu]$ races2 _h !y n yield$ to ! s(t s$uction ( s5su\s =ms ( wor%ip2 _h !y cont9u$ fai?ful to ! ,god :o _h br\ght !m out ( ,egypt1 & liv$1 on ! :ole1 by ! tea*+ ( ! true prophets2 :o c say t !y might n h successfully )/ood ! brunt ( ,assyrian or ,*aldean invasion8 ,! disruption ( ! k+dom1 ! int]nec9e conflicts1 ! dyna/ic revolutions1 ! entanglem5ts ) =eign p[]s :i* m>k ! progressive decl9e ( ! empire ( ,david & ,solomon1 w\ld h>dly h f\nd place 9 a nation t /eadily liv$ by ! rule ( ! prophets1 cl++ to ,iahvah & ,iahvah only1 & do+ ju/ice & lov+ m]cy 9 all ! relations ( life4 ,! gradual diff]5tiation ( ! idea ( ,iahvah into a multitude ( ,baals at ! local sanctu>ies mu/ h p[]fully t5d$ to dis9tegrate ! national unity4 ,solomon's temple & ! recognition ( ! "o ,god ( all ! tribes ( ,israel z supreme1 :i* t religi\s c5tre impli$1 01 on ! o!r h&1 a real bond ( union = ! nation4 ,we _c =get t1 at ! outset ( ! :ole hi/ory1 ,moses creat$ or resuscitat$ ! s5se ( national unity 9 ! he>ts ( ! ,egyptian s]fs1 by proclaim+ to !m ,iahvah1 ! ,god ( _! fa!rs4 ,x is a "o-sid$ repres5tation :i* treats ! policy ( ! prophets z purely negative2 z conf9$ to ! prohibition ( leagues ) ! =eign]1 & ! condemnation ( walls & battlem5ts1 *>iots & horses1 & all ! elem5ts ( social /r5g? & display4 ,! prophets condemn ^! ?+s1 reg>d$ z sub/itutes = tru/ 9 ! ,"o ,god1 & fai?ful ob$i5ce to ,8 laws4 ,!y condemn ! man :o puts 8 confid5ce 9 man1 & makes fle% 8 arm1 & =gets ! only true s\rce ( /r5g? & protection4 ,to ^? :o allege t ! policy ( ! prophets 0 a failure1 we may reply t x nev] _h a full & fair trial4 ,& !y w say1 ,hopeless6 = we w foll[ aft] our own devices1 & w ea* practise ! /ubbornness ( 8 own evil he>t4 ,!re=e ?us ha? ,iahvah said3 #a4 ,ask ye n[ among ! hea!n1 ,:o ha? he>d ! l8 ,! virg9 7daught]7 ( ,israel ,ha? done a v horrible ?+4 #b4 ,do? ! sn[ ( ,lebanon cease ,f ov]fl[+ ! field8 ,d ! runn+ wat]s dry up1 ,! icy /reams8#hj #c4 ,= ,my p h =gott5 me1 ,to va9 ?+s !y burn inc5se2 ,& !y h made !m /umble 9 _! ways1 ! anci5t pa?s1 ,to walk 9 bypa?s1 a way n ca/ up3 #d4 ,to make _! l& a desolation1 ,p]petual hiss+s2 ,e "o t passe? h] by %all be amaz$1 ,& %all %ake 8 head4 #e4 ,l an ea/ w9d w ,i scatt] !m ,9 ! face ( ! foe2 ,! back & n ! face w ,i %ew !m1 ,9 ! day ( _! ov]?r[4 ,god =esees t ,8 graci\s w>n+ w be reject$ z h]et(ore2 ! prophet's he>]s w cry ,x is hopeless6 ?y appeal is 9 va91 ?9e ent]prise desp]ate2 = aft] our own devices or ?\ghts w we walk1 n aft] ?9e1 ?\gh ?\ urge !m z ,iahvah's2 & we w ea* practise ! /ubbornness ( 8 own evil he>t--?is la/ 9 a tone ( irony1 z if to say1 ,v well2 we accept ?y description ( u2 our ways are /ubborn1 & our he>ts evil3 we w abide by our "*1 & /& true to y\r unflatt]+ portrait4 ,o!rwise1 ! words may be reg>d$ z giv+ ! sub/ance ( ! popul> reply1 9 t]ms :i* at ! same "t convey ! ,div9e condemnation ( x2 b ! =m] view seems pref]able4 ,god =esees ! ob/9acy ( ! p1 & yet ! prophet does n cease 8 prea*+4 ,a cynical ass5t to 8 invective only provokes him to m /r5u\s endeav\rs to conv9ce !m t !y are 9 ! wrong2 t _! behavi\r is aga9/ reason & nature4 ,once m 7ii4 #aj sqq47 he /rives to %ame !m into remorse by contra/+ _! conduct ) t ( o!r nations4 ,^! 7 fai?ful to _! own gods2 among !m su* a crime z national apo/asy 0 unhe>d ( & unkn[n4 ,x 0 res]v$ = ,israel to give ! fir/ example ( ?is abnormal (f5ce2 a fact z /range & fe>ful 9 ! moral _w1 z "s unnatural revolution 9 ! physical sph]e4 ,t ,israel %\ld =get 8 duty to ,iahvah 0 z great & inexplicable a port5t1 z if ! p]5nial sn[s ( ! ,lebanon %\ld cease to supply ! riv]s ( ! l&2 or z if ! ice-cold /reams ( its gl5s & gorges %\ld sudd5ly cease to fl[4 ,& c]ta9ly1 :5 we look at ! matt] ) ! eye ( calm reason1 ! prophet _c be said to h "h exagg]at$ ! my/]y ( s94 ,=1 h[ev] /rong ! temptation t lures man f ! pa? ( duty1 h[ev] occasion may sugge/1 & passion urge1 & desire ye>n1 ^! influ5ces _c ( !mselves sil5ce consci5ce1 & oblit]ate exp]i5ce1 & ov]p[] judgm5t1 & defeat reason4 ,z surely z x is possible to "k any?+1 man kn[s t 8 vital int]e/s co9cide ) duty2 & t x is n only weak b absolutely irrational to sacrifice duty to ! importunities ( appetite4 ,:5 man =sakes ! true ,god1 x is to burn inc5se to va9 gods or ?+s ( n\ght4 ,he :o wor%ips :at is less ?an ,god1 wor%ips no?+4 ,no be+ bel[ ,god c yield any true satisfaction to t human nature :i* 0 made = ,god4 ,! man :o fixes 8 hope ^u ?+s t p]i% 9 ! us+1 ! man :o seeks happ9ess 9 ?+s mat]ial1 ! man ^: affections h sole reg>d to ! joys ( s5se1 & ^: devotion is giv5 :olly to worldly objects1 is ! man :o w at ! la/ cry out1 9 hopeless disappo9tm5t & bitt]ness ( _s1 ,vanity ( vanities6 all is vanity6 ,= :at %all x pr(it a man1 if he %all ga9 ! :ole _w1 & lose 8 own s\l8 ,or :at %all a man give 9 ex*ange = 8 s\l8 ,! s\l's salvation consi/s 9 devotion to its ,"l & ,mak]2 its et]nal loss & ru91 9 ali5ation f ,him :o is its true & only life4 ,! false gods are n\ght z reg>ds help & pr(it2 !y are p[]less to bless1 b !y are pot5t to hurt & betray4 ,!y make m5 /umble out ( _! ways1 out ( ! anci5t pa?s1 to walk 9 bypa?s1 9 a way n ca/ up4 ,s x 0 ( old2 s x is n[4 ,:5 ! he>t is e/rang$ f ,god1 & devot$ to "s mean] pursuit ?an ! advancem5t ( ,8 glory1 x soon des]ts ! /raight road ( virtue1 ! highway ( hon\r1 & falls into ! crook$ & unev5 pa?s ( fraud & hypocrisy1 ( oppression & vice4 ,! end appe>s to sanctify ! means1 or at lea/ to make !m tol]able2 &1 once ! anci5t pa? ( ! ,law is =sak51 m5 w foll[ ! mo/ tortu\s1 & (t5 ?orny & pa9ful c\rses1 to ! goal ( _! *oice4 ,! pa? :i* leads away f ,god1 leads bo? individuals & nations to f9al ru94 ,degrad$ ideas ( ! ,deity1 false ideas ( happ9ess1 a crim9al indiff]5ce to ! welf>e ( o!rs1 a base devotion to private & :olly selfi% ends1 mu/ 9 ! long run sap ! vig\r ( a nation1 & r5d] x incapable ( any effectual resi/ance to its enemies4 ,moral decl5sion is a sure symptom ( approa*+ political dissolution2 s sure1 t if a nation *ooses & p]si/s 9 evil1 9 ! face ( all dissuasion1 x may be assum$ to be b5t on suicide4 ,l ,israel1 x may be said to d ?us1 9 ord] to make its l& an a/oni%m5t1 p]petual hiss+s4 ,m5 w be surpris$ at ! greatness ( its fall1 & at ! same "t w ackn[l$ge by voice & ge/ure t its doom is absolutely j4 ,s f> z 8 imm$iate he>]s 7 conc]n$1 ! effect ( ! prophet's words 0 exactly :at _h be5 anticipat$ 7v]4 #ah2 cf4 v]4 #ab74 ,j]emiah's prea*+ 0 a m9i/ry ( h>d5+1 9 a f> m complete s5se ?an ,isaiah's _h be54 ,on ! pres5t occasion1 ! popul> obduracy & unbelief ev9c$ itself 9 a conspiracy to de/roy ! prophet by false accusation4 ,!y w\ld d\btless f9d x n difficult to con/rue 8 words z blasphemy aga9/ ,iahvah1 & treason aga9/ ! /ate4 ,& !y said3 ,come & let u devise devices--lay a plot--aga9/ ,j]emiah4 ,dispassionate wisdom1 m]e worldly prud5ce1 w\ld h said1 ,let u weigh well ! probability or ev5 possibility ( ! tru? ( 8 message4 ,moral e>ne/ness1 a s9c]e love ( ,god & goodness1 w\ld h recognis$ 9 ! prophet's fe>ful e>ne/ a pro( ( good fai?1 a claim to consid]ation4 ,unbiass$ common s5se w\ld h ask$1 ,:at has ,j]emiah to ga9 by p]si/5ce 9 unpopul> tea*+8 ,:at w be 8 rew>d1 suppos+ 8 words come true8 ,is x to be suppos$ t a man ^: woeful tid+s are utt]$ 9 a voice brok5 ) sobs1 & int]rupt$ by bur/s ( wild lam5tation1 w look ) glad eyes ^u de/ruction :5 x comes1 if x come aft] all8 ,b habitual s9 bl9ds z well z pollutes ! s\l4 ,& :5 admonition is unacceptable1 x bre$s hatr$4 ,! he>t t is n t\*$ by appeal becomes h>d] ?an x 0 be=e4 ,! ice ( indiff]5ce becomes ! adamant ( malignant opposition4 ,! populace ( ,j]usalem1 l t ( m mod]n capitals1 0 en]vat$ by ease & luxury1 altoge!r giv5 ov] to ! pursuit ( weal? & pleasure z ! end ( life4 ,!y hat$ ! man :o rebuk$ 9 ! gate1 & abhorr$ him t spoke uprightly 7,amos v4 #aj74 ,!y c\ld n abide "o ^: life & lab\rs 7 a cont9ual prote/ aga9/ _! own4 ,& n[ he _h done 8 be/ to rob !m ( _! pleasant confid5ce1 to de/roy ! delusion ( _! fool's p>adise4 ,he _h bur/ into ! hea!ni% sanctu>y :]e !y (f]$ a wor%ip cong5ial to _! he>ts1 & done 8 be/ to wreck _! idols1 & da% _! alt>s to ! gr\nd4 ,he _h affirm$ t ! accr$it$ oracles 7 all a lie1 t ! guides :om !y bl9dly foll[$ 7 lead+ !m to ru94 ,s ! passive dislike ( good blazes out into murd]\s fury aga9/ ! good man :o d>es to be good alone 9 ! face ( a s9ful multitude4 ,t !y are made ?or\ghly uneasy by 8 message ( judgm5t1 t !y are m ?an half conv9c$ t he is "r1 is pla9 f ! frantic passion ) :i* !y repeat & d5y 8 words4 ,law %all n p]i% f ! prie/1 nor c\nsel f ! wise1 nor ! ^w f ! prophet3 ^! ?+s _c1 %all n be4 ,:5 p h p9n$ _! fai? to a false sy/em--a sy/em :i* accords ) _! worldly prejudices1 & flatt]s _! ungodly pride1 & w9ks at or ev5 sanctions _! vices2 :5 !y h an*or$ _! entire confid5ce ^u c]ta9 m5 & c]ta9 tea*+s :i* are 9 p]fect h>mony ) _! own aims 9 life & _! own selfi% pr$ilections1 !y are n only di/urb$ & di/ress$ b (t5 enrag$ by a demon/ration t !y are lull$ 9 a false security4 ,& ang] ( ?is k9d is apt to be s irrational1 t !y may ?9k to escape f ! ?reat5$ evil by sil5c+ its prophet4 ,come & let u smite him ) ! tongue1 & let u n he>k5 to any ( 8 words6 ,!y w fir/ get rid ( him1 & !n =get 8 words ( w>n+4 ,_! policy is no bett] ?an t ( ! bird :i* buries its head 9 ! s&1 :5 its pursu]s h run x d[n2 an infatuat$ ,out ( sight1 out ( m9d4 ,& ,j]emiah's recomp5se = 8 dis9t]e/$ zeal is ano!r conspiracy aga9/ 8 life4 ,once m he lays 8 cause be=e ! "o imp>tial ,judge2 ! "o ,be+ :o is exalt$ above all passion1 & !re=e sees ! tru? z x is4 ,he>k5 ,?\1 ,o ,iahvah1 unto me1 ,& he> ,?\ ! voice ( m9e adv]s>ies4 ,%\ld evil be recomp5s$ = good8 ,= !y h digg$ a pit = my life4 ,rememb] my /&+ be=e ,!e to speak good ab\t !m1 ,to turn back ,?y wra? f !m4 ,he>k5 ,?\1 s9ce !y refuse to he>k52 he> bo? sides1 & pron\nce = ! "r4 ,behold ! gl>+ contra/ betwe5 my innoc5ce ( all hurtful int5t1 & _! clamor\s inju/ice1 betwe5 my tru? & _! falsehood1 my pray]s = _! salvation & _! outcry = my blood4 ,z we read ?is pray] ( ,j]emiah's1 we are rem9d$ ( ! v simil> language ( ! ?irty-fif? & hundr$ & n9? psalms1 ( :i* he 0 himself p]haps ! au?or 7see especially ,ps4 xxxv4 #a1 #d1 #e1 #g1 #aa1 #ab2 cix4 #b1 #e74 ,we h already p>tially consid]$ ! moral aspect ( su* petitions4 ,x is necess>y to be> 9 m9d t ! prophet is speak+ ( p]sons :o h p]si/5tly reject$ w>n+1 & ridicul$ repro(2 & n[1 9 return = 8 int]cessions on _! behalf1 are attempt+ 8 life1 n 9 a sudd5 outbreak ( uncontrollable fury1 b ) craft & delib]ate malice1 aft] seek+1 app>5tly1 l _! spiritual successors 9 a lat] age1 to entrap him into admissions t might be con/ru$ z treason or blasphemy 7,ps4 xxxv4 #ai-ba74 ,!re=e give _! sons to ! fam9e1 ,& p\r !m into ! h&s ( ! sword2 ,& let _! wives be b]eav$ & wid[s1 ,& let _! husb&s be sla9 ( ,dea?2 ,let _! "y m5 be /rick5 d[n ( ! sword 9 ! battle6 ,let a cry be he>d f _! h\ses1 ,:5 ,?\ br+e/ a troop ^u !m sudd5ly6 ,= !y digg$ a pit to cat* me1 ,& sn>es !y hid = my feet4 ,b ( ,?yself1 ,iahvah1 ,?\ kn[e/ all _! plan aga9/ me = dea?2 ,p>don ,?\ n _! iniquity1 ,& blot n out _! trespass f be=e ,!e2 ,b let !m be made to /umble be=e ,!e1 ,9 ! "t ( ,?9e ang] deal ,?\ ) !m6 ,! passage is lyrical 9 =m & expression1 & some?+ mu/ be all[$ = ! fact 9 e/imat+ its precise significance4 ,j]emiah _h entreat$ ,god & man t all ^! ?+s might n come to pass4 ,n[1 :5 ! attitude ( ! p t[>ds 8 message & himself at la/ leaves no d\bt t _! obduracy is inv9cible1 9 8 despair & di/raction he cries1 ,be x s1 !n6 ,!y are b5t on de/ruction2 let !m h _! w6 ,let ! doom ov]take !m1 t ,i h lab\r$ 9 va9 to av]t6 ,) a we>y sigh1 & a pr(\nd s5se ( ! rip5ess ( 8 c\ntry = ru91 he gives up ! /ruggle to save x4 ,! passage ?us becomes a rhetorical or poetical expression ( ! prophet's despair+ recognition ( ! inevitable4 ,h[ vivid are ! t\*es ) :i* he br+s out ^u 8 canvas ! horrors ( w>6 ,9 language lurid ) all ! col\rs ( de/ruction1 he sets be=e u ! city tak5 by /orm1 he makes u he> ! cry ( ! victims1 z h\se aft] h\se is visit$ by pillage & slaught]4 ,b /ripp$ ( its poetical =m1 all ?is is no m ?an a conc5trat$ repetition ( ! s5t5ce :i* he has ov] & ov] aga9 pron\nc$ aga9/ ,j]usalem 9 ! "n ( ,iahvah4 ,! imprecatory mann] ( x may be consid]$ to be simply a solemn signification ( ! speak]'s own ass5t & approval4 ,he recalls ! s5t5ce1 & he affirms its p]fect consonance ) 8 own s5se ( ju/ice4 ,moreov] all ^! t]rible ?+s actually happ5$ 9 ! sequel4 ,! prophet's imprecations receiv$ ! ,div9e seal ( accompli%m5t4 ,?is fact alone seems to me to di/+ui% 8 pray] f a m]ely human cry = v5geance4 ,s f> z 8 feel+s z a man & a patriot 7 conc]n$1 we _c d\bt t he w\ld h av]t$ ! cata/rophe1 _h t be5 possible1 by ! sacrifice ( 8 own life4 ,t inde$ 0 ! object ( 8 entire m9i/ry4 ,we may call ! passage an emotional pr$iction2 & x 0 probably ! pr$ictive "* ( x :i* l$ ! prophet to put x on record4 ,:ile we admit t no ,*ri/ian may ord9>ily pray = ! annihilation ( any b spiritual enemies1 we mu/ rememb] t no ,*ri/ian c possibly occupy ! same peculi> position z a prophet ( ! ,old ,cov5ant2 & we may fairly ask :e!r any :o may incl9e to judge h>%ly ( ,j]emiah on ! gr\nd ( passages l ?is1 h fully realiz$ ! appall+ circum/ances :i* wrung ^! pray]s f 8 cruelly tortur$ he>t8 ,we f9d x h>d to =give small p]sonal slights1 (t5 less real ?an imag9>y2 h[ %\ld we comport ourselves to p]sons ^: %ameless +ratitude rew>d$ evil = good to ! ext5t ( seek+ our lives8 ,few w\ld be cont5t1 z ,j]emiah 01 ) putt+ ! cause 9 ! h& ( ,god1 & ab/a9+ f all attempts at p]sonal v9dication ( wrongs4 ,x surely betrays a failure ( imag9ative p[] to realize ! t]rible difficulties :i* beset ! pa? ( "o :o1 9 a f> tru] s5se ?an ,elijah1 0 left alone to uphold ! cause ( true religion 9 ,israel1 & n less1 a v inadequate k ( our own spiritual weakness1 :5 we are bold to c5sure or ev5 to apologise = ! utt]ances ( ,j]emiah4 ,! :ole "q assumes a diff]5t aspect1 :5 x is notic$ t ! brief ,?us said ,iahvah6 ( ! next *apt] 7xix47 virtually introduces ! ,div9e reply to ! prophet's pray]4 ,he is n[ bidd5 to =e%[ ! utt] de/ruction ( ! ,jewi% polity by a symbolic act :i* is ev5 m unambigu\s ?an ! language ( ! pray]4 ,he is to take a common e>!nw>e bottle 7baqbq1 z if p\r-p\r2 f baqaq1 to p\r out71 &1 accompani$ by "s ( ! lead+ p]sonages ( ! capital1 heads ( families & prie/s1 to g out ( ! city to ! valley ( b5 ,h9nom1 & !re1 aft] a solemn rehe>sal ( ! crimes p]petrat$ on t v spot 9 ! "n ( religion1 & aft] pr$ict+ ! consequ5t retribution :i* w %ortly ov]take ! nation1 he is to da% ! vessel 9 pieces be=e 8 companions' eyes1 9 tok5 ( ! utt] & irrep>able ru9 :i* awaits _! city & p4 ,hav+ enact$ 8 "p 9 ?is /rik+ sc5e1 ,j]emiah returns to ! c\rt ( ! temple1 & !re repeats ! same t]rible message 9 brief] t]ms be=e all ! p2 add+ expressly t x is ! rew>d ( _! /ubborn ob/9acy & deafness to ! ,div9e voice4 ,! prophet's imprecations ( evil ?us appe> to h be5 ratifi$ at ! "t ( _! conception by ! ,div9e voice1 :i* spoke 9 ! /illness ( 8 aft] reflexion4 ,,footnote3 #hj ,in/ead ( f ! rock ( ! field1 ,i h v5tur$ to read 7,lam4 iii4 #ed2 ,deut4 xi4 #d2 #b ,k+s vi4 #f74 ,= pluck$ up uproot$1 :i* is inappropriate 9 connexion ) wat]1 ,s*nurr]'s dri$ up 7,isa4 xix4 #e2 ,j]4 li4 #cj71 is probably "r4 ,9 ! second c\plet1 ,i read = 1 :i* is mean+less1 & transpose ) 4 ,,xii4 ,,! ,,brok5 ,,vessel--,a ,,symbol ,,( ,,judgm5t4 ,,j]emiah xix4 ,! result ( 8 =m] address1 f\nd$ ^u ! proc$ure ( ! pott]1 _h only be5 to br+ out into cle>] di/9ctness ! appall+ ext5t ( ! national corruption4 ,x 0 evid5t t ,judah 0 incorrigible1 & ! ,pott]'s vessel mu/ be brok5 9 pieces by its ,mak]4 ,?us said ,iahvah3 ,g & buy a bottle 7baqbq1 z if a p\r-p\r2 ! mean+ is allud$ to 9 ! fir/ ^w ( v]4 #g3 ubaqqo?i1 & ,i w p\r out7 ( a m\ld] ( pott]y 7s ! acc5ts2 b p]haps ! ,vulgate is "r3 lagunculam figuli te/eam1 a pott]'s e>!n vessel1 ,a4,v42 lit4 a pott]'s bottle1 viz41 e>!nw>e71 & 7take3 ,,lxx4 rightly adds7 "s ( ! eld]s ( ! p & ( ! eld]s ( ! prie/s1 & g out into ! valley ( b5 ,h9nom at ! entry ( ! ,pott]y ,gate 7a po/]n1 :]e brok5 e>!nw>e & rubbi% 7 %ot =? into ! valley3 ! t]m is connect$ ) t = pott]y1 v]4 #a1 :i* is ! same z t 9 ,job ii4 #h71 & cry !re ! words t ,i %all speak unto !e1--,j]emiah does n pause "h1 to relate h[ he foll[$ ! ,div9e impulse1 b goes on at once to communicate ! t5or ( ! ,div9e words2 a circum/ance :i* po9ts to ! fact t ?is n>rative 0 only writt5 "s "t aft] ! symbolical action :i* x records2--& say ?\1 ,he> ye ,iahvah's ^w1 ,o k+s ( ,judah & inhabitants ( ,j]usalem6 ,?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?1 ! ,god ( ,israel3 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to br+ an evil ^u ?is place1 su* t1 :oev] he>e? x1 8 e>s %all t+le6 ,if we suppose1 z seems likely1 t ?is s]ies ( oracles 7xviii4-xx47 belongs to ! reign ( ,jehoia*91 ! expression k+s ( ,judah may d5ote t k+ & ! que5-"m4 ,ano!r view is t ! k+s ( ,judah 9 g5]al are address$ z an indef9ite class ( p]sons1 "h & else:]e 7xvii4 #bj1 xxii4 #d71 because ! prophet did n write ! ma9 portion ( 8 book until aft] ! siege ( ,j]usalem 7,ewald74 ,! ann\ncem5t ( ?is v]se is quot$ by ! compil] ( ,k+s 9 relation to ! crimes ( k+ ,manasseh 7#b ,k+s xxi4 #ab74 ,because t !y =sook ,me1 & made ?is place /range--ali5at$ x f ,iahvah by consecrat+ x to /range gods2 or z ! ,t>gum & ,syriac1 pollut$ x--& burnt inc5se !re9 to o!r gods1 :om nei!r !y nor _! fa!rs knew 7xvi4 #ac72 & ! k+s ( ,judah did fill ?is place ) blood ( innoc5ts 7s ! ,,lxx4 ,nor ! k+s ( ,judah gives a poor s5se2 !y are includ$ 9 ! prec$+ phrase71 & built ! bamo? ,baal 7,high-places ( ,baal2 a prop] "n1 ,jo%4 xiii4 #ag71 to burn _! sons 9 ! fire1 z burnt-(f]+s to ! ,baal3 ,,lxx4 omits1 & x is want+1 vii4 #ca1 xxxii4 #ce4 ,x may be a gloss1 b is probably g5u9e1 z !re are slight v>iations 9 ea* passage1 :i* ,i comm&$ n1 nor spake3 ,,lxx4 omits1 nei!r came x into ,my m9d3 !re=e1 behold days are com+1 sai? ,iahvah1 :5 ?is place w no m be call$ ! ,tophet & valley ( b5 ,h9nom b ! ,valley ( ,slaught]6 & 9 ,tophet %all !y bury1 s t !re be--rema9--no room to bury6 ,?is clause1 pres]v$ at ! end ( v]4 #aa1 b omitt$ !re by ! ,,lxx41 probably belongs "h3 see vii4 #db4 ,& ,i w p\r out 7v]4 #a2 ,isa4 xix4 #c7 ! c\nsel ( ,judah & ,j]usalem 9 ?is place--t is1 ,i w empty ! l& ( all wisdom & res\rcefulness1 z "o empties a bottle ( its wat]1 s t ! heads ( ! /ate %all be p[]less to devise any effectual s*eme ( def5ce 9 ! face ( calamity 7cf4 xiii4 #ac7--;& ,i w cause !m to fall by ! sword be=e _! enemies 7,deut4 xxviii4 #be71 & by ! h& ( !m t seek _! life2 & ,i w make _! c>cases food unto ! birds ( ! air & ! bea/s ( ! e>? 7,deut4 xxviii4 #bf2 *ap4 vii4 #cc1 xvi4 #d74 ,& ,i w set ?is city = an a/oni%m5t 7,deut4 xxviii4 #cg7 & a hiss+ 7xviii4 #af72 e "o t passe? by h] %all be a/oni%$ & hiss at all h] /rokes 7xlix4 #ag1 l4 #ac7 or plagues 7,deut4 xxviii4 #ei74 ,& ,i w cause !m to eat ! fle% ( _! sons & ! fle% ( _! daught]s1 & ea* ! fle% ( 8 fell[ %all !y eat--9 ! /ress & ! /raitness :]e) _! enemies & !y t seek _! life %all /rait5 !m4 ,x w be se5 f ! ref]5ces t ! ,deut]onomic col\r+ ( ^! clos+ ?reats 7vv4 #g-i7 is v /rong1 ! la/ v]se be+ practically a quotation 7,deut4 xxviii4 #ec74 ,! effect ( ! :ole oracle w\ld ?us be to sugge/ t ! t]rible sanctions ( ! sacr$ ,law w\ld n rema9 inop]ative2 b t ! %ameless violation ( ! solemn cov5ant "u ,josiah1 by :i* ! nation und]took to obs]ve ! code ( ,deut]onomy1 w\ld soon be visit$ ) ! retributive calamities s vividly =e%ad[$ 9 t book4 ,& break ?\ ! bottle1 to ! eyes ( ! m5 t g ) !e1 & say unto !m3 ,?us said ,iahvah ,sabao?2 ,s w ,i break ?is p & ?is city1 z "o breake? ! pott]'s vessel s t x _c be m5d$ aga96 ,?us w ,i d to ?is place1 sai? ,iahvah1 & to ! inhabitants !re( & make 7inf94 con/r4 z 9 xvii4 #aj1 cont9u+ ! mood & p]son ( ! prec$+ v]b2 :i* is prop]ly a function ( ! inf94 absol41 z 9 v]4 #ac7 ?is city l a ,tophet--make x "o huge alt> ( human sacrifice1 a burn+-place = ?\s&s ( human victims4 ,& ! h\ses ( ,j]usalem1 & ! h\ses ( ! k+s ( ,judah--! palace ( ,david & ,solomon1 9 :i* k+ aft] k+ _h reign$1 & done ! evil 9 ,iahvah's eyes1--%all become l ! place ( ! ,tophet1 ! defil$ ones6 ev5 all ! h\ses ^u ! ro(s ( :i* !y burnt inc5se unto all ! ho/ ( heav51 & p\r$ outp\r+s 7libations ( w9e & honey7 unto o!r gods4 7,s ! ,heb4 punctuation1 :i* seems to give a v good s5se4 ,! pr9cipal h\ses1 ^? ( ! k+s & gr&ees1 are call$ ! defil$1 because _! ro(s especially h be5 pollut$ ) idolatr\s rites4 ,! la/ clause ( ! v]se expla9s ! epi!t1 :i* might h be5 ref]r$ to ! k+s ( ,judah1 _h x prec$$ l ! place ( ! ,tophet4 ,! h\ses 7 n to become defil$2 !y 7 already s1 pa/ all cleans+2 !y 7 to be de/roy$ ) fire1 & 9 _! de/ruction to become ! ,tophet or sacrificial pyre ( _! inhabitants4 ,we ne$ n1 !re=e1 read ,tophteh1 aft] ,isa4 xxx4 #cc1 z ,i at fir/ ?\ght ( do+1 to f9d aft]w>ds t ,ewald _h already sugge/$ x4 ,! t]m r5d]$ ev5 all1 is lit4 unto all1 t is1 includ+ all2 cf4 ,ezek4 xliv4 #i74ha ,! comm& & break ?\ ! bottle 444 & say unto !m 444 comp>$ ) t ( v]4 #b1 & cry !re ! words t ,i %all speak unto !e6 seems to indicate ! prop] po9t ( view f :i* ! :ole piece is to be reg>d$4 ,j]emiah is recall+ & describ+ a p>ticul> episode 9 8 pa/ m9i/ry2 & he includes ! :ole ( x1 ) ! att5dant circum/ances & all t he said2 fir/ to ! eld]s 9 ! vale ( b5 ,h9nom1 & !n to ! p assembl$ 9 ! temple1 "u ! compreh5sive ,?us said ,iahvah6 ) :i* he beg9s 8 n>rative4 ,9 o!r words1 he affirms t he 0 ?r\gh\t ! entire occurr5ce guid$ by ! impulses ( ! ,_s ( ,god4 ,x is v possible t ! long] fir/ address 7vv4 #b-i7 really gives ! sub/ance ( :at he said to ! p 9 ! temple on 8 return f ! valley1 :i* is m]ely summ>iz$ 9 v]se #ae4 ,& ,j]emiah came 9--into ! temple--f ! ,tophet1 :i!r ,iahvah _h s5t him to prophesy1 & took 8 /& 9 ! c\rt ( ,iahvah's ,h\se1 & said unto all ! p3 ,?us said ,iahvah ,sabao? ,israels ,god2 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to br+ ^u 7v]4 #c7 ?is city & ^u all h] cities & ^u h] villages3 ,,lxx4 adds all ! evil t ,i h spok5 conc]n+ h]2 because !y /iff5$ _! neck 7vii4 #bf71 n to he> ,my words6 ,9 ?is app>5t epitome ( ,8 disc\rse to ! p 9 ! temple1 ! prophet seems to sum up all 8 pa/ lab\rs1 9 view ( an imp5d+ crisis4 ,all ! evil spok5 hi!rto conc]n+ ,j]usalem is ^u ! po9t ( be+ accompli%$ 7cf4 xxv4 #c74 ,9 review+ ! entire oracle1 we may note z 9 =m] in/ances1 ! c>e ) :i* all ! circum/ances ( ! symbolical action are *os51 9 ord] to enhance ! effect ( x ^u ! m9ds ( ! witnesses4 ,! ,ori5tal m9d delights 9 ev]y?+ t p>takes ( ! nature ( an enigma2 x loves to be call$ ^u to unravel ! mean+ ( d>k s5t5ces1 & to dis5tangle ! wisdom wrapp$ up 9 riddl+ words & significant actions4 ,x w\ld h f\nd eloqu5ce 9 ,t>qu9's unspok5 answ] to 8 son's mess5g]4 ,rex velut delib]abundus 9 hortum dium transit1 sequ5te nuncio filii3 ibi inambulans tacitus summa papav]um capita dicitur baculo decussisse 7,liv4 i4 #ed74 ,no d\bt ,j]emiah's companions w\ld wat* 8 e /ep1 & w\ld n miss ! fact t he c>ri$ 8 e>!nw>e vessel out ( ! city by ! ,%]d ,gate4 ,"h 0 a vessel yet :ole1 treat$ z ?\gh x 7 already a %att]$ heap ( fragm5ts6 ,!y w\ld be prep>$ = ! oracle 9 ! valley4 ,x is wor? :ile1 by ! way1 to notice :o ^? companions 74 ,!y 7 c]ta9 ( ! eld]s ( ! p & ( ! ! eld]s ( ! prie/s4 ,j]emiah1 x seems1 0 no wild revolution>y dream] & s*em]1 ^: h& & voice 7 aga9/ all e/abli%$ au?ority 9 ,*ur* & ,/ate4 ,?is 0 n ! "* ( ! ,hebrew prophets 9 g5]al1 ?\gh "s writ]s h conceiv$ ?us ( !m4 ,!re is no evid5ce t ,j]emiah ev] s\ght to dive/ himself ( ! duties & privileges ( 8 h]$it>y prie/hood2 or t he look$ ^u ! mon>*y & ! prie/ly guilds & ! entire social organisation ( ,israel1 z o!r ?an in/itutions div9ely orig9at$ & div9ely pres]v$ ?r\gh all ! ages ( ! national hi/ory4 ,he did n believe t man creat$ ^! in/itutions ?\gh exp]i5ce taught him t man might abuse & p]v]t !m f _! lawful uses4 ,8 aim 0 always to re=m1 to re/ore1 to lead ! p back to ! old pa?s ( primitive simplicity & rectitude2 n to aboli% h]$it>y in/itutions1 & sub/itute = ! ord] :i* _h become an integral "p ( ! national life1 "s br&-new con/itution :i* _h nev] be5 tri$1 & w\ld be no m likely to fit ! body corporate ?an ! arm\r ( ,saul fitt$ ! free limbs ( ! "y %eph]d :o 0 to slay ,golia?4 ,! prophets nev] call$ = ! abolition ( ^? laws & cu/oms1 civil & ecclesia/ical1 :i* 7 ! v framework ( ! /ate1 & ! pill>s ( ! social edifice4 ,!y did n cry1 ,d[n ) k+s & prie/s6 b to bo? k+s & prie/s !y cri$1 ,he> ye ,iahvah's ^w6 ,& all exp]i5ce proves t !y 7 "r4 ,pap] con/itutions h nev] yet r$eem$ a nation f its vices1 nor deliv]$ a community f ! impot5ce & ! decay :i* are ! inevitable fruits ( moral corruption4 ,arbitr>y legislative *anges w n alt] ! inw>d condition ( a p2 covet\sness & hypocrisy1 pride & selfi%ness1 intemp]ance & uncleanness & cruelty1 may be z rampant 9 a commonweal? z 9 a k+dom4 ,! cont5ts ( ! oracle are mu* :at we h _h _m times already4 ,! *ief diff]5ce lies 9 a calm def9it5ess ( assurance1 a tone ( di/9ct c]titude1 z ?\gh ! end 7 s ne> at h&1 z to leave no room = d\bt or hesitation4 ,& ?is diff]5ce is fitt+ly & impressively sugge/$ by ! p>ticul> symbol *os5--! %att]+ ( an e>!nw>e vessel1 beyond ! possibility ( repair4 ,! direct m5tion ( ! k+ ( ,babylon & ! ,babylonian captivity1 9 ! sequel 7*ap4 xx471 po9ts to ! pres5ce ( a ,babylonian invasion1 probably t :i* end$ ) ! exile ( ,jeconiah & ! *ief citiz5s ( ,j]usalem4 ,! fatal s91 f :i* ! oracle />ts & to :i* x returns1 is =sak+ ,iahvah1 & mak+ ! city ( ,8 *oice /range to ,him1 t is1 hateful & unclean1 by contact ) =eign & bloody sup]/itions1 :i* 7 ev5 falsely decl>$ by _! promot]s to be pleas+ to ,iahvah1 ! ,av5g] ( innoc5t blood6 7*ap4 vii4 #ca74 ,! puni%m5t corresponds to ! (f5ce4 ,! sacrifices ( blood w be requit$ ) blood1 %$ 9 torr5ts on ! v spot :i* _h be5 s f\lly pollut$2 !y :o _h n scrupl$ to slay _! *ildr5 = ! sacrifice1 7 to slay !m aga9 = food "u ! /ress ( siege & fam9e2 ! city & its h\ses1 defil$ ) ! =eign wor%ips1 w become "o va/ ,mole*-fire 7xxxii4 #ce71 9 :i* all w p]i% toge!r4 ,x may /rike a mod]n read] t !re is some?+ repulsive & cold-blood$ 9 ?is detail$ enum]ation ( appall+ horrors4 ,b n only is x ! case t ,j]emiah is quot+ f ! ,book ( ! ,law1 at a "t :51 to an unprejudic$ eye1 !re 0 e likelihood t ! c\rse ( ev5ts w\ld v]ify 8 d>k =ebod+s2 9 ! dreadful exp]i5ce ( ^? times su* incid5ts z ^? m5tion$ 7v]4 #i7 7 famili> occurr5ces 9 ! ob/9ate def5ce & protract$ suff]+s ( beleagu]$ cities4 ,! prophet1 !re=e1 simply affirms t ob/9ate p]si/5ce 9 foll[+ _! own c\nsels & reject+ ! high] guidance w br+ ^u ! nation its irretrievable ru94 ,we "k t 9 ! la/ siege he did 8 utmo/ to prev5t ! occurr5ce ( ^! unnatural horrors by urg+ surr5d]2 b !n1 z always1 ! p /iff5$ _! neck1 n to he> ,iahvah's words4 ,j]emiah knew 8 c\ntrym5 well4 ,no phrase c\ld h bett] describ$ ! resolute ob/9acy ( ! national "*4 ,h[ 7 ! head/rong self-w1 ! invet]ate s5suality1 ! bl9d t5acity ( fanatical & non-moral conceptions :i* *>act]iz$ ?is p1 to be purifi$ & made s]viceable 9 ! int]e/s ( true religion1 except by means ( ! fi]y ordeal :i* all ! prophets =esaw & =etold8 ,z we h se51 poly!ism ex]cis$ ^u ! popul> m9d a spell :i* we c h>dly compreh5d f our mod]n po9t ( view2 a poly!ism f\l & murd]\s1 :i* violat$ ! t5d]e/ affections ( our nature by dem&+ ( ! fa!r ! sacrifice ( 8 *ild1 & violat$ ! v in/9ct ( natural purity by ! %ameless indulg5ce ( its wor%ip4 ,x 0 a consecration ( lu/ & cruelty1--t wor%ip ( ,mole*1 ^? rites ( ! ,baals & ,a%]as4 ,meagre & monoton\s z ! sacr$ records may on ^! heads appe> to be1 _! witness is supplem5t$ by o!r s\rces1 by ! monum5ts ( ,babylon & ,ph5icia4 ,x is h>d to see h[ ! religi\s in/9ct ( m5 9 ?is peculi> /age ( belief & practice 0 to be enlight5$ & purifi$ 9 any o!r way ?an ! actual c\rse ( ,provid5ce4 ,:at argum5ts c be imag9$ t w\ld h appeal$ to m9ds :i* f\nd a fatal fasc9ation1 nay1 we mu/ suppose an int5se satisfaction1 9 rites s hide\s t "o dur/ n ev5 describe !m2 m9ds to :i* ! l(ty mono!ism ( ,amos1 ! spl5did eloqu5ce ( an ,isaiah1 ! pla9tive lyrical /ra9 ( a ,j]emiah1 appeal$ 9 va98 ,appeals to ! ord] ( ! _w1 to ! wond]s ( organic life1 7 lo/ ^u m9ds :i* made gods ( ! mo/ obvi\s subjects ( t ord]1 ! sun1 moon1 & />s2 :i* ev5 p]sonifi$ & ador$ ! physical pr9ciple :]eby ! succession ( life aft] life is p]petuat$4 ,no?+ %ort ( ! p]ception t ! ^w ( ! prophets _h come to pass1 ! recognition1 !re=e1 t ! prophetic idea ( ,god 0 ! true idea1 c\ld h succe$$ 9 keep+ ! remnant ( ,judah safe f ! contagion ( surr\nd+ hea!nism 9 ! l& ( _! exile1 & 9 radically trans=m+ once = all ! religi\s t5d5cies ( ! ,jewi% race4 ,9 ,j]emiah's view1 ! he9\sness ( ,judah's idolatry is height5$ by ! consid]ation t ! gods ( _! *oice are gods :om nei!r !y nor _! fa!rs knew 7v]4 #d74 ,! k+s ,ahaz1 ,manasseh1 ,amon1 _h introduc$ novel rites1 & dep>t$ f ! old pa?s m decid$ly ?an any ( _! pr$ecessors4 ,9 ?is connexion1 we may rememb] t1 :ile mod]n ,romi% controv]siali/s d n scruple to accuse ! ,*ur* ( ?is c\ntry ( hav+ unlawfully innovat$ at ! ,re=mation1 ! ,anglican appeal has always be5 to ,scripture & primitive antiquity4 ,su*1 too1 0 ! appeal ( ! prophets 7,hos4 vi4 #a1 #g1 xi4 #a2 ,j]4 ii4 #b1 vi4 #af1 xi4 #c74 ,x is ! glory ( our ,*ur*1 a glory ( :i* nei!r ! lies ( ,jesuits nor ! envy ( ! sect>ies c rob h]1 t %e return$ to ! old pa?s1 boldly ov]leap+ ! d>k ages ( m$ieval ignorance1 impo/ure1 & corruption1 & plant+ h] foot firmly ^u ! rock ( apo/olic practice & ! cons5t ( ! undivid$ ,*ur*4 ,disunion among ,*ri/ians is a sore evil1 b union 9 ! ma9t5ance & propag&a ( falsehood is a worse2 & ! guilt ( disunion lies at ! door ( t sy/em :i* abus$ its au?ority to cru% out legitimate fre$om ( ?\ght1 to ret>d ! advancem5t ( le>n+1 & to e/abli% ^? mon/r\s innovations 9 doctr9e & wor%ip1 :i* subtle dialecticians may prove to _! own satisfaction to be innoc5t & non-idolatr\s 9 ess5ce & int5tion1 ?\gh all ! _w c see t 9 practice !y are grossly idolatr\s4 ,god pres]ve ,engl& f t tol]ation ( s]i\s error1 :i* is s easy to sceptical indiff]5ce6 ,god pres]ve h] f l5d+ an e> to ! sir5 voices t w\ld s$uce h] to yield h] h>d-won indep5d5ce1 h] noble fre$om1 h] manly rational piety1 to ! unhi/orical & unscriptural claims ( ! ,papacy6 ,if we rev]5ce ^? ,scriptures ( ! ,old ,te/am5t to :i* our ,"l & ,8 ,apo/les made _! con/ant appeal1 we %all keep /eadily be=e our m9ds ! fact t1 9 ! e/imation ( a prophet l ,j]emiah1 ! s9 ( s9s1 ! s9 t involv$ ! ru9 ( ,israel & ,judah1 0 ! s9 ( associat+ o!r objects ( wor%ip ) ! ,"o ,only ,god4 ,! temptation is peculi>ly /rong to "s natures4 ,! cont9ual relapse ( anci5t ,israel is n s great a wond] to ^? ( u :o h any k ( mank9d1 & :o c obs]ve :at is pass+ ar\nd !m at ! pres5t day4 ,x is ! sev]e dem& ( ,god's holy law1 :i* makes m5 ca/ ab\t = "s plausible compromise--x is t dem& :i* also makes !m ye>n aft] "s int]m$i>y p[]1 ^: compassion w be less subject to consid]ations ( ju/ice1 :om pray]s & entreaties & pres5ts may ov]come1 & induce to w9k at unrep5t$ s94 ,9 an age ( unsettlem5t1 ! m d>+ spirits w be prone to sil5ce _! inconv5i5t scruples by ru%+ into a!ism1 :ile ! m timid may take refuge 9 ,pop]y4 ,= to dis[n a ,moral ,gov]n\r1 or to admit t any obs]vances ( sup]/ition c release m5 f ! duty ( obey+ ,him1 equally s]ves ! purpose ( ^?1 :o resolve to be z wick$ z !y d>e1 or z little virtu\s z !y c 7,bp4 ,hurd74 ,!n1 too1 !re is ! glory ( ! sa9ts & angels ( ,god4 ,h[ c frail man refuse to b[ be=e ! vision ( _! p[] & spl5d\r1 z !y /&1 ! royal *ildr5 ( ! ,k+ ( k+s1 ar\nd ! heav5ly ?rone1 dea?less1 radiant ) love & joy & purity1 exalt$ f> above all human weakness & human sorr[s8 ,if ! holy angels are m9i/]+ spirits1 :y n ! entire community ( ! ,bless$8 ,& :at is to h9d] u f ca/+ ourselves at ! feet ( sa9t or angel1 "o's own appo9t$ gu>dian1 or *os5 help]8 ,let good ,george ,h]b]t answ] = u all4 ,oh glori\s spirits1 :o aft] all y\r b&s ,see ! smoo? face ( ,god1 )\t a fr[n1 ,or /rict comm&s2 ,:]e e "o is k+1 & ha? 8 cr[n1 ,if n ^u 8 head1 yet 9 8 h&s3 ,n out ( envy or malici\sness ,d ,i =be> to crave y\r special aid4 ,i w\ld address ,my v[s to !e mo/ gladly1 bless$ ,maid1 ,& ,"m ( my ,god1 9 my di/ress3 99 99 99 99 99 ,b n[1 7alas67 ,i d>e n2 = our ,k+1 ,:om we d all jo9tly adore & praise1 ,bids no su* ?+3 ,& :]e ,8 pleasure no injunction lays1 7',tis y\r own case7 ye nev] move a w+4 ,all wor%ip is pr]ogative1 & a fl[] ,( ,8 ri* cr[n1 f :om lies no appeal ,at ! la/ h\r3 ,!re=e we d>e n f ,8 g>l& /eal1 ,to make a posy = inf]ior p[]4 ,9 ?is s5se also1 z 9 _m o!rs1 ! w>n+ ( ,/4 ,john applies3 ,,little ,,*ildr51 ,,keep ,,y\rselves ,,f ,,idols6 ,,footnote3 #ha ,,lxx4 makes x possible t !y read :i* w\ld repres5t defil$4 ,,xiii4 ,,j]emiah ,,"u ,,p]secution4 ,,j]emiah xx4 ,! prophet has n[ to endure some?+ m ?an a scornful rejection ( 8 message4 ,& ,pa%*ur b5 ,imm] ! prie/ 7he 0 *ief (fic] 9 ! h\se ( ,iahvah7 he>d ,j]emiah prophesy+ ^! words4 ,& ,pa%*ur smote ,j]emiah ! prophet & put him 9 ! /ocks1 :i* 7 9 ! upp] gate ( ,b5jam9 9 ! h\se ( ,iahvah4 ,l ! prie/ ( ,be!l1 :o abruptly put an end to ! prea*+ ( ,amos 9 ! royal sanctu>y1 ,pa%*ur sudd5ly int]f]es1 app>5tly be=e ,j]emiah has f9i%$ 8 address to ! p2 & enrag$ at ! t5\r ( 8 words1 he causes him--,j]emiah ! prophet1 z x is significantly add$1 to indicate ! sacrilege ( ! act--to be beat5 9 ! cruel ,ea/]n mann] on ! soles ( ! feet1 inflict+ probably ! full numb] ( =ty bl[s p]mitt$ by ! ,law 7,deut471 & !n leav+ him1 9 8 agony ( m9d & body1 fa/ b\nd 9 ! /ocks4 ,= ! rema9d] ( t day & all night long ! prophet sat !re 9 ! gate1 at fir/ expos$ to ! taunts & je]s ( 8 adv]s>ies & ! rabble ( _! foll[]s1 & z ! we>y h\rs sl[ly crept on1 becom+ pa9fully cramp$ 9 8 limbs by ! b>b>\s ma*9e :i* held 8 h&s & feet ne> toge!r1 & b5t 8 body d\ble4 ,?is cruel puni%m5t seems to h be5 ! cu/om>y mode ( deal+ ) su* z 7 acc\nt$ false prophets by ! au?orities4 ,x 0 ! treatm5t :i* ,hanani endur$ 9 return = 8 w>n+ to k+ ,asa 7#b ,*ron4 xvi4 #aj71 "s ?ree c5turies e>li] ?an ,j]emiah's "t2 & a few ye>s lat] 9 our prophet's hi/ory1 an attempt 0 made to en=ce x aga9 9 8 case 7,j]4 xxix4 #bf74 ,?us1 l ! holy apo/les ( our ,"l1 0 ,j]emiah c\nt$ wor?y to suff] %ame = ! ,"n 9 :i* he spoke 7,acts v4 #dj1 #da72 & l ,paul & ,silas at ,philippi1 aft] endur+ _m /ripes 8 feet 7 made fa/ 9 ! /ocks 7,acts xvi4 #bc1 #bd74 ,! message ( ,j]emiah 0 a message ( judgm5t1 t ( ! apo/les 0 a message ( =giv5ess2 & bo? met ) ! same response f a _w ^: he>t 0 e/rang$ f ,god4 ,! he>t t loves its own way1 is only at ease :5 x c =get ,god4 ,any rem9d] ( ,8 ,pres5ce1 ( ,8 p]petual activity 9 m]cy & judgm5t1 is unwelcome1 & makes its au?ors odi\s4 ,f ! outset1 transgressors ( ! ,div9e law h s\ght to hide among ! trees ( ! g>d5--9 ! engross+ pursuits & pleasures ( life--f ! ,pres5ce ( ,god4 ,pa%*ur's object 0 n to de/roy ,j]emiah1 b to break 8 _s1 & discr$it him ) ! multitude1 & s sil5ce him = ev]4 ,b 9 ?is expectation he 0 z signally disappo9t$ z 8 successor 0 9 ! case ( ,/4 ,pet] 7,acts v4 #bd1 #bi74 ,n[ z !n1 ,god's mess5g] c\ld n be turn$ f 8 conviction t we ought to obey ,god r ?an m54 ,& z he sat alone 9 8 intol]able angui%1 brood+ ov] 8 %ameful wrongs1 & despair+ ( r$ress1 a ,div9e ,^w came 9 ! /illness ( night to ?is victim ( human tyranny4 ,= x came to pass on ! morr[ t ,pa%*ur br\ght ,j]emiah =? out ( ! /ocks2 & ,j]emiah said unto him1 ,n ,pa%*ur#hb--;z if ,glad & free--b ,magor-missabib--,fe> on e side--ha? ,iahvah call$ ?y "n6 ,%>p5$ ) mis]y1 ! se]'s eye pi]ces ?r\gh ! %[s ( life1 & disc]ns ! grim contra/ ( tru? & appe>ance4 ,be=e him /&s ?is great man1 clo!d ) all ! dignity ( high (fice1 & able to de/roy him ) a ^w2 b ,iahvah's prophet does n quail be=e abus$ au?ority4 ,he sees ! sword susp5d$ by a hair ov] ! head ( ?is haughty & sup]cili\s (ficial2 & he realizes ! solemn irony ( circum/ance1 :i* has connect$ a "n sugge/ive ( gladness & fre$om ) a man de/9$ to become ! ?rall ( p]petual t]rors4 ,= ?us ha? ,iahvah said3 ,lo1 ,i am ab\t to make !e a ,fe> to ?yself & to all ?y lov]s2 & !y w fall by ! sword ( _! foes1 :ile ?9e eyes look on6 ,?is glad & free p]secutor1 wanton+ 9 ! abuse ( p[]1 bl9dly fe>less ( ! future1 is n doom$ to be sla9 out ( h&2 a heavi] fate is 9 /ore = him1 a fate prefigur$ & =e%ad[$ by 8 pres5t s9s4 ,8 pr\d confid5ce is to give place to a haunt+ s5se ( dang] & insecurity2 he is to see 8 foll[]s p]i% "o aft] ano!r1 & ev]more to be expect+ ! same end = himself3 :ile ! fre$om :i* he has enjoy$ & abus$ s long1 is to be ex*ang$ = a lifelong captivity 9 a =eign l&4 ,& all ,judah w ,i give into ! h& ( ! k+ ( ,babylon1 & he w transport !m to ,babylon1 & smite !m ) ! sword4 ,& ,i w give all ! /ore ( ?is city--! ho>d$ weal? ( all sorts1 :i* con/itutes its /r5g? & res]ve =ce--& all ! ga9 !re(--! produce ( lab\r--& all ! value !re(--?+s r>e & preci\s ( e k9d1 works ( ! c>v]'s & ! goldsmi?'s & ! pott]'s & ! weav]'s art2--& all ! treasures ( ! k+s ( ,judah w ,i give into ! h& ( _! foes1 t !y may spoil !m & take !m & br+ !m to ,babylon4 ,& = ?yself1 ,pa%*ur1 & all t dwell 9 ?9e h\se1 ye %all dep>t among ! captives2 & to ,babylon ?\ %all come1 & !re ?\ %alt die1 & !re be buri$1 ?yself & all ?y lov]s1 to :om ?\ ha/ prophesi$ ) untru?1 or r by ! ,lie1 i4e41 by ! ,baal 7ii4 #h1 xxiii4 #ac1 cf4 xii4 #af74 ,! play on ! "n ( ,pa%*ur is l t on ,p]a? 7*4 xiii471 & ! *ange to ,magor-missabib is l ! *ange ( ,tophet into ,valley ( ,slaught] 7*4 xix474 ,l ,amos 7vii4 #af71 ,j]emiah repeats 8 obnoxi\s prophecy1 ) a special application to 8 cruel p]secutor1 & ) ! add$ detail t all ! weal? ( ,j]usalem w be c>ri$ z spoil to ,babylon2 a detail 9 :i* !re may lie an oblique ref]5ce to ! covet\s worldl9ess & ! int]e/$ opposition ( su* m5 z ,pa%*ur4 ,ri*es & ease & popul>ity 7 ! ?+s = :i* he & ^? l him _h b>ga9$ away _! integrity1 prophesy+ ) consci\s falsehood to ! delud$ p4 ,8 lov]s are 8 p>tisans1 :o eag]ly welcom$ 8 presages ( peace & prosp]ity1 & d\btless actively oppos$ ,j]emiah ) ridicule & ?reats4 ,! la/ detail is rem>kable1 = we d n o!rwise "k t ,pa%*ur affect$ to prophesy4 ,if x be n meant simply t ,pa%*ur accept$ & l5t ! weight ( 8 (ficial sanction to ! false prophets1 & especially ^? :o utt]$ _! div9ations 9 ! "n ( ! ,baal1 t is to say1 ei!r ,mole*1 or ! popul> & delusive conception ( ! ,god ( ,israel1 we see 9 ?is man "o :o comb9$ a /eady pr(essional opposition to ,j]emiah ) p[] to en=ce 8 ho/ility by legaliz$ acts ( viol5ce4 ,! conduct ( ,hananiah on a lat] occasion 7xxviii4 #aj71 cle>ly proves t1 :]e ! p[] 0 pres5t1 ! w = su* acts 0 n want+ 9 ,j]emiah's pr(essional adv]s>ies4 ,x is g5]ally tak5 = grant$ t ! "n ( ,pa%*ur has be5 sub/itut$ = t ( ,mal*ijah 9 ! li/ ( ! prie/ly families :i* return$ ) ,z]ubbabel f ! ,babylonian captivity 7,ezra ii4 #ch2 ,neh4 vii4 #da2 cf4 #a ,*ron4 xxiv4 #i72 b x seems q possible t ! sons ( ,pa%*ur 7 a subdivision ( ! family ( ,imm]1 :i* _h increas$ l>gely dur+ ! ,exile4 ,9 t case1 ! li/ af=ds evid5ce ( ! fulfilm5t ( ,j]emiah's pr$iction to ,pa%*ur4 ,! prophet else:]e m5tions ano!r ,pa%*ur1 :o 0 also a prie/1 ( ! c\rse or guild ( ,mal*ijah 7xxi4 #a1 xxxviii4 #a71 :i* 0 ! designation ( ! fif? class ( ! prie/s1 z ,imm] 0 t ( ! sixte5? 7#a ,*ron4 xxiv4 #i1 #ad74 ,! pr9ce ,g$aliah1 :o 0 ho/ile to ,j]emiah1 0 app>5tly a son ( ! pres5t ,pa%*ur 7,j]4 xxxviii4 #a74 ,x is n easy to det]m9e ! relation ( ! lyrical section :i* imm$iately foll[s ! doom ( ,pa%*ur1 to ! prec$+ acc\nt 7vv4 #g-h74 ,if ! sev5? v]se be 9 its orig9al place1 x w\ld seem t ! prophet's ^w _h fail$ ( accompli%m5t1 ) ! result ( int5sify+ ! unbelief & ! ridicule :i* 8 tea*+s enc\nt]$4 ,!re is also some?+ v /range 9 ! sequ5ce ( ! ?irte5? & f\rte5? v]ses1 :]e1 z ! text n[ /&s1 ! prophet passes at once1 9 ! mo/ abrupt fa%ion imag9able1 f a f]vid ascription ( praise1 a he>tfelt cry ( ?anksgiv+ = deliv]ance ei!r actual or contemplat$ z su*1 to utt]ances ( unreliev$ despair4 ,i d n ?9k t ?is is 9 ! mann] ( ,j]emiah2 nor d ,i see h[ ! viol5t contra/ ( ! two sections 7#g-ac & #ad-ah7 c fairly be acc\nt$ =1 except by suppos+ ei!r t we h "h two unconnect$ fragm5ts1 plac$ 9 juxtaposition ) ea* o!r because !y belong to ! same g5]al p]iod ( ! prophet's m9i/ry2 or t ! two passages h by "s accid5t ( transcription be5 transpos$1 :i* is by no means an uncommon occurr5ce 9 ! ,,mss4 ( ! ,biblical writ]s4 ,assum+ ?is latt] z ! m probable alt]native1 we see 9 ! entire passage a p[]ful repres5tation ( ! m5tal conflict into :i* ,j]emiah 0 ?r[n by ,pa%*ur's high-h&$ viol5ce & ! seem+ triumph ( 8 enemies4 ,sm>t+ ) ! s5se ( utt] inju/ice1 humiliat$ 9 8 inmo/ s\l by %ameful indignities1 cru%$ to ! e>? ) ! bitt] consci\sness ( defeat & failure1 ! prophet l ,job op5s 8 m\? & curses 8 day4 #a4 ,curs$ be ! day :]e9 ,i 0 born6 ,! day t my "m b>e me1 ,let x n be ble/6 #b4 ,curs$ be ! man :o told ! glad tid+s to my fa!r1 ',!re is born to !e a male *ild2' ,:o made him rejoice greatly4 #c4 ,& let t man become l ! cities t ,iahweh ov]?rew1 )\t rel5t+1 ,& let him he> a cry 9 ! morn+1 ,& an al>m at ! h\r ( noon6 #d4 ,= t he slew me n 9 ! womb1 ,t my "m might h become my grave1 ,& h] womb h be5 lad5 ev]more6 #e4 ,o :y f ! womb came ,i =? ,to see lab\r & sorr[1 ,& my days =done ) %ame8 ,^! five triplets af=d a glimpse ( ! lively grief1 ! passionate despair1 :i* agitat$ ! prophet's he>t z ! fir/ effect ( ! %ame & ! torture to :i* he _h be5 s wick$ly & wantonly subject$4 ,! elegy1 ( :i* !y con/itute ! proem1 or op5+ /rophe1 is n introduc$ by any =mula ascrib+ x to ,div9e inspiration2 x is simply writt5 d[n z a fai?ful record ( ,j]emiah's own feel+s & reflexions & self-commun+s1 at ?is pa9ful crisis 9 8 c>e]4 ,! poet ( ! book ( ,job has app>5tly tak5 ! h9t suppli$ by ^! op5+ v]ses1 & has elaborat$ ! idea ( curs+ ! day ( bir? ?r\gh sev5 highly wr\ght & imag9ative /anzas4 ,! high] f9i% & some:at artificial expansion ( t passage leave little d\bt t x 0 modell$ ^u ! "o be=e u4 ,b ! po9t to rememb] "h is t bo? are lyrical effusions1 express$ 9 language condition$ by ,ori5tal r ?an ,european /&>ds ( ta/e & usage4 ,z ! prophets 7 n inspir$ to express _! ?\ghts & feel+s 9 a mod]n ,engli% dress1 x is sup]flu\s to inquire :e!r ,j]emiah 0 morally ju/ifi$ 9 us+ ^! poetic =mulas ( imprecation4 ,to insi/ on apply+ ! doctr9e ( v]bal inspiration to su* a passage is to ev9ce an utt] want ( lit]>y tact & insight1 z well z adhesion to an explod$ & p]nici\s relic ( sect>ian !ology4 ,! prophet's curses are simply a highly effective =m ( poetical rhetoric1 & are 9 p]fect h>mony ) ! immemorial modes ( ,ori5tal expression2 & ! und]ly+ ?\ght1 s equivocally express$1 accord+ to our ways ( look+ at ?+s1 is simply t 8 life has be5 a failure1 & !re=e x w\ld h be5 bett] n to h be5 born4 ,:o t is at all e>ne/ = ,god's tru?1 nay1 = f> l[] objects ( human int]e/ & pursuit1 has n 9 mom5ts ( despond5cy & disc\ragem5t be5 ov]:elm$ = a "t by ! l feel+8 ,c we blame ,j]emiah = all[+ u to see 9 ?is fai?ful transcript ( 8 inn] life h[ int5sely human1 h[ entirely natural ! spiritual exp]i5ce ( ! prophets really 08 ,besides1 ! revelation does n end ) ?is initial outbur/ ( in/9ctive a/oni%m5t1 indignation & despair4 ,! proem is succe$$ by a psalm 9 sev5 /anzas ( regul> poetical =m--six quatra9s r\nd$ (f ) a f9al c\plet--9 :i* ! prophet's ?\ght rises above ! level ( nature1 & f9ds 9 an ov]rul+ ,provid5ce bo? ! s\rce & ! ju/ification ( ! enigma ( 8 life4 #a4 ,?\ entic$/ me1 ,iahvah1 & ,i 0 entic$1 ,?\ urg$/#hc me1 & did/ prevail6 ,i am become a d]ision all ! day long4 ,e "o mocke? at me4 #b4 ,= z (t z ,i speak1 ,i cry al>m1 ,viol5ce & havoc d ,i proclaim2 ,= ,iahvah's ^w is become to me a reproa*1 ,& a sc(f all ! day long4 #c4 ,& if ,i say1 ,i w n m9d x1 ,nor speak any m 9 ,8 ,"n2 ,!n x become? 9 my he>t l a burn+ fire prison$ 9 my bones4 ,& ,i we>y ( hold+ x 9#hd & am n able4 #d4 ,= ,i h he>d ! defam+ ( _m1 ! t]ror on e side2#he ,all ! m5 ( my fri5d%ip are wat*+ = my fall2 ',p]*ance he w be entic$1 & we %all prevail ov] him1 ,& take our rev5ge ( him4' #e4 ,yet ,iahvah is ) me z a dread w>rior1 ,!re=e my pursu]s %all /umble & n prevail2 ,!y %all be greatly a%am$1 = t !y h n prosp]$1 ,) et]nal di%on\r t %all n be =gott54 #f4 ,& ,iahvah ,sabao? trie? ! righte\s1 ,see? ! re9s & ! he>t2 ,i %all see ,?y rev5ge ( !m1 ,= unto ,!e h ,i committ$ my qu>rel4 #g4 ,s+ ye to ,iahvah1 acclaim ye ,iahvah6 ,= ,he ha? snat*$ ! poor man's life out ( ! h& ( evildo]s4 ,! cause 0 ( ,god4 ,?\ did/ lure me1 ,iahvah1 & ,i let myself be lur$2 ,?\ urg$/ me & w]t victori\s4 ,he _h n ra%ly & presumptu\sly tak5 ^u himself ?is (fice ( prophet2 he _h be5 call$1 & _h resi/$ ! call1 until 8 scruples & 8 plead+s 7 ov]come1 z 0 only natural1 by a ,w m p[]ful ?an 8 own 7*ap4 i4 #f74 ,9 speak+ ( ! inw>d p]suasions :i* det]m9$ ! c\rse ( 8 life1 he uses ! v t]ms :i* are us$ by ! au?or ( ,k+s 9 connexion ) ! _s t misl$ ! prophets ( ,arab be=e ! fatal exp$ition to ,ramo? ,gilead4 ,& he said1 ,?\ %alt entice1 & also be victori\s 7#a ,k+s xxii4 #bb74 ,iahvah1 !re=e1 has treat$ him z an enemy r ?an a fri5d1 = ,he has lur$ him to 8 own de/ruction4 ,half 9 irony1 half 9 bitt] compla9t1 ! prophet decl>es t ,iahvah has succe$$ only too well 9 ,8 malign purpose3 ,i am become a d]ision all ! day long2 ,e "o mocke? at me4 ,9 ! second /anza1 ! ?\ght appe>s to be cont9u$ ?us3 ,?\ ov]came/ me2 = z (t5 z ,i speak1 ,i am a prophet ( evil1 ,i cry al>m 7ez'aq2 cf4 zaqah1 v]s4 #af72 ,i proclaim ! imm95ce ( invasion1 ! viol5ce & havoc ( a ru?less conqu]or4 ,?\ ov]came/ me also1 9 ,?y purpose ( mak+ me a laugh+-/ock to my adv]s>ies2 = ,iahvah's ^w is become to me a reproa*1 & a sc(f all ! day long 7! relation betwe5 ! two halves ( ! /anza is t ( coord9ation2 ea* gives ! reason ( ! correspond+ c\plet 9 ! fir/ /anza74 ,8 cont9ual ?reats ( a judgm5t t 0 /ill delay$1 br\ght ^u him ! m]ciless ridicule ( 8 oppon5ts4 ,or ! prophet may mean to compla9 t ! monotony ( 8 message1 8 ev]-recurr+ d5unciation ( preval5t inju/ice1 is made a reproa* aga9/ him4 ,= z (t5 z ,i speak ,i make an outcry ( indignation at f\l wrongdo+ 7,g54 iv4 #aj1 xviii4 #ba1 xix4 #ac72 wrong & robb]y d ,i proclaim 7,hab4 i4 #b1 #c7--! oppression ( ! poor by ! covet\s & luxuri\s rul+ classes4 ,a ?ird view is t ,j]emiah compla9s ( ! frequ5t attacks ^u himself3 ,= z (t5 z ,i speak ,i h to exclaim2 ,( assault & viol5ce d ,i cry2 b ! fir/ sugge/ion appe>s to suit be/1 z giv+ a reason = ! ridicule :i* ! prophet f9ds s intol]able 7cf4 xvii4 #ae74 ,! ?ird /anza c>ries ?is plea = ju/ice a /ep fur!r4 ,n only 0 ! prophet's ov]:elm+ tr\ble due to 8 hav+ yield$ to ! p]suasions & promises ( ,iahvah2 n only has he be5 rew>d$ ) scorn & ! sc\rge & ! /ocks = 8 compliance ) a ,div9e call4 ,he has be5 9 a mann] =c$ & driv5 into 8 intol]able position by ! co]cive p[] ( ,iahvah1 :i* left him no *oice b to utt] ! ^w t burnt l a fire )9 him4 ,sometimes 8 fe>s ( p]fidy & betrayal sugge/$ ! ?\ght ( succumb+ to ! insup]able ob/acles :i* seem$ to block 8 pa?2 ( giv+ up once = all a ?ankless & fruitless & dang]\s ent]prise3 b !n ! inw>d flame burnt s fi]cely1 t he c\ld f9d no relief = 8 angui% b by giv+ x v5t 9 words 7cf4 ,ps4 xxxix4 #a-c74 ,! v]se f9ely illu/rates t vivid s5se ( a ,div9e con/ra9t :i* di/+ui%es ! true prophet f pret5d]s to ! (fice4 ,j]emiah does n prote/ ! purity ( 8 motives2 indirectly & unconsci\sly he expresses x ) a simplicity & a /r5g? :i* leave no room = suspicion4 ,he has himself no d\bt at all t :at he speaks is ,iahvah's ^w4 ,! inw>d impulse is ov]p[]+2 he has /riv5 9 va9 aga9/ its urg5cy2 l ,jacob at ,p5iel1 he has wre/l$ ) ,"o /rong] ?an himself4 ,he is no vulg> fanatic or en?usia/1 9 :om root$ prejudices & irrational fr5zies ov]balance ! judgm5t1 mak+ him incapable ( e/imat+ ! haz>ds & ! *ances ( 8 ent]prise2 he is z well aw>e ( ! p]ils t beset 8 pa? z ! coole/ & craftie/ ( 8 worldly adv]s>ies4 ,?anks to 8 natural quickness ( p]ception1 8 develop$ faculty ( reflexion1 he is fully alive to ! probable consequ5ces ( p]petually ?w>t+ ! popul> w1 ( tak+ up a position ( p]man5t resi/ance to ! policy & ! aims & ! int]e/s ( ! rul+ classes4 ,b :ile he has 8 mortal hopes & fe>s1 8 human capacity = anxiety & pa92 :ile 8 he>t ble$s at ! sight ( suff]+1 & a*es = ! woes t ?ickly cr[d ! field ( 8 prophetic vision2 8 spee* & 8 behavi\r are dom9at$1 ^u ! :ole1 by an altoge!r high] consci\sness4 ,8 emotions may h _! mom5ts ( ma/]y2 at times !y may ov]p[] 8 =titude1 & lay him pro/rate 9 an agony ( lam5tation & m\rn+ & woe2 at times !y may ev5 int]pose cl\ds & d>kness betwe5 ! prophet & 8 vision ( ! ,et]nal2 b ^! effects ( mortality d n la/3 !y %ake b _c loos5 8 grasp ( spiritual realities2 !y _c free him f ! con/ra9+ influ5ce ( ! ,^w ( ,iahvah4 ,t ^w possesses1 leads him captive1 triumphs ov] him1 ov] all ! natural resi/ance ( fle% & blood2 = he is n z ! _m--! false prophets--:o corrupt ! ,^w ( ,god2 b z ( s9c]ity1 b z ( ,god1 9 ! sight ( ,god1 he speaks 7#b ,cor4 ii4 #ad1 #ag74 ,& /ill1 unless a man be ?us impell$ by ! ,_s2 unless he h c\nt$ ! co/ & is prep>$ to risk all = ,god2 unless he be ready to face unpopul>ity & social contempt & p]secution2 unless he kn[s :at x is to suff] = & ) ,jesus ,*ri/2 ,i d\bt if he has any moral "r to speak 9 t mo/ holy ,"n4 ,= if ! all-ma/]+ motive be abs5t1 if ! love ( ,*ri/ con/ra9 him n1 h[ c 8 desires & 8 do+s be su* z ! ,unse5 ,judge w ei!r approve or bless8 99 99 99 99 99 ,! f\r? /anza expla9s :y ! prophet lab\r$1 ?\gh va9ly1 to keep sil5ce4 ,x 0 because ( ! malici\s reports ( 8 utt]ances1 :i* 7 c>efully circulat$ by 8 wat*ful antagoni/s4 ,!y beset him on e side2 l ,pa%*ur1 !y 7 to him a magor-missabib1 an environ+ t]ror 7cf4 vi4 #be71 z !y li/5$ to 8 h>angues1 & eag]ly invit$ ea* o!r to in=m aga9/ him z a traitor 7,! words ,in=m ye1 & let u in=m aga9/ him6 or ,d5\nce ye1 & let u d5\nce him6 may be an anci5t gloss ^u ! t]m dibbah1 ill report1 calumny2 ,g54 xxxvii4 #b2 ,num4 xiii4 #cb2 ,job xvii4 #e4 ,= ! con/ruction1 cf4 ,job xxxi4 #cg4 ,!y spoil ! symmetry ( ! l9e4 ,t dibbah really means defam+1 or sl&]1 appe>s n only f ! passages 9 :i* x occurs1 b also f ! ,arabic dabb2 "o :o creeps ab\t ) sl&]1 f dabba1 to move g5tly or sl[ly ab\t4 ,! ,heb4 ragal1 riggel1 to g ab\t sl&]+1 & rakl1 sl&]1 are analog\s74 ,& n only op5 enemies ?us conspir$ = ! prophet's de/ruction4 ,ev5 pr(ess$ fri5ds 7= ! phrase1 cf4 xxxviii4 #bb2 ,ps4 xli4 #aj7 7 trea*]\sly wat*ful to cat* him tripp+ 7cf4 ix4 #b1 xii4 #f74 ,^? on :om he _h a natural claim = sympa?y & protection1 bore a secret & det]m9$ grudge aga9/ him4 ,8 unpopul>ity 0 complete1 & 8 position full ( p]il4 ,we h 9 ! ?irty-fir/ & sev]al ( ! foll[+ psalms outp\r+s ( feel+ "u circum/ances v simil> to ^? ( ,j]emiah on ! pres5t occasion1 ev5 if !y 7 n actually writt5 by him at ! same crisis 9 8 c>e]1 z c]ta9 /rik+ co9cid5ces ( expression seem to sugge/ 7v]4 #aj2 cf4 ,ps4 xxxi4 #ac1 xxxv4 #ae1 xxxviii4 #ag1 xli4 #i2 v]4 #ac ) ,ps4 xxxv4 #i1 #aj74 ,! prophet closes 8 psalm-l monologue ) an act ( fai?4 ,he rememb]s t he has a ,*ampion :o is mighti] ?an a ?\s& enemies4 ,iahvah is ) him1 n ) !m 7cf4 #b ,k+s vi4 #af72 _! plots1 !re=e1 are =$oom$ to failure1 & !mselves to ! v5geance ( a righte\s ,god 7xi4 #bj74 ,! la/ words are an exultant anticipation ( deliv]ance4 ,we ?us see t ! :ole piece1 l a previ\s "o 7xv4 #aj-ba71 beg9s ) curs+ & ends ) an assurance ( bless+4 ,,footnotes3 #hb ,! "n is probably a quadrilit]al f 1 ,arabic3 9999 ,e?iopic to be glad1 ,assyrian ,assyrian3 9999 pa%*u to be at ease1 to re/1 7:i* comes ne>e/ to ! ,hebrew root74 ,! ,arabic v]b means ,! place 0 roomy1 wide1 ample2 :5ce ,arabic3 9999 free f di/ress or n>r[ness ( m9d4 ,?us ,pa%*ur case1 tranquillity1 & is =m$ l ,a*bor1 kaphtor1 a capital1 7,,lxx4 ,pa%*or74 ,b ! "n might rem9d a ,hebrew ( ! root to leap1 prance1 ,j]4 l4 #aa1 & free 7plur4 only71 z if x 7 a comp\nd ( p% & *r4 ,glad & free3 cf4 ! ,,lxx4 vocalisation 4 ,i ?9k ?is popul> etymology pa% *or is probably :at ,j]emiah ?\ght (4 #hc ,ex4 xii4 #cc2 ,isa4 viii4 #aa2 ,ezek4 iii4 #ad2 ,j]4 xv4 #ag4 #hd vi4 #aa 7or1 ( endur+1 ,mal4 iii4 #b74 #he ',d5\nce ye1 & we w d5\nce him6' ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,obvi\s punctuation & spell+ errors h be5 fix$ ?r\gh\t4 ,inconsi/5t hyph5ation left z 9 ! orig9al text4 ,footnote #ca3 ,?is footnote 0 orig9ally an au?or's note4 ,conv]t$ to a footnote = ease ( ref]5ce4 ,footnote #gh3 ,!re is no an*or = ?is 9 ! orig9al text1 left z 9 ! orig9al4