,,lectures ,,on ,,bible ,,revision4     
,) an ,app5dix    ,,conta9+ ,,!         
,,prefaces ,,to ,,! ,,*ief ,,hi/orical  
,,editions ,,( ,,! ,,engli% ,,bible4    
,,by ,,samuel ,,new?1 ,m4,a41 ,d4,d41   
,,pr9cipal1 ,,& ,,lee ,,pr(essor ,,(    
,,div9ity1 ,,new ,,college1 ,,london2   
,,memb] ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t         
,,company ,,( ,,revis]s4     ,,london3  
,,hodd] ,,& ,,/\ghton1   #bg1 ,,pat]no/]
 ,,r[4   ,,mdccclxxxi4    ,all rights   
res]v$4     ,,preface4   ,! foll[+ "w is
 especially int5d$ = ,sunday-s*ool &    
,bible-class tea*]s1 & = su* o!rs z f   
any cause may be unable to consult _m   
books or to read l5g!n$ treatises4 ,x   
has seem$ to me to be ( great importance
 t ^? :o are engag$ 9 ! responsible     
s]vice ( tea*+ ! "y1 & to :om ! ,bible  
is ! con/ant s\rce ( appeal1 %\ld be    
able bo? to take up an intellig5t       
position 9 reg>d to ! new revision ( !  
,engli% ,scriptures1 & to meet ! v>i\s  
enquiries t w be made respect+ x by ^?  
ab\t !m4 ,i h !re=e endeav\r$ to provide

 = _! use1 9 a comp5di\s =m1 a survey ( 
! g5]al argum5t = revision1 & ( ! facts 
:i* exhibit ! pres5t duty ( ,*ri/ian m5 
9 relation !reto4 ,9 ! execution ( ?is  
purpose x has be5 necess>y to direct    
att5tion to ! *ief /ages 9 ! gr[? ( !   
,engli% ,bible1 b ?is has be5 done only 
s f> z seem$ to be requisite = !        
illu/ration ( ! ma9 argum5t4 ,^? :o may 
desire to /udy ?is "p ( ! subject m at  
l5g? are ref]r$ to ! full & int]e/+     
volumes ( ,dr4 ,eadie1 or to ! conv5i5t 
manuals publi%$ by ,dr4 ,m\lton & by    
,dr4 ,/\ghton4 ,su* z may wi% to        
inve/igate m m9utely ! int]nal hi/ory ( 
! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion w f9d ,dr4          
,we/cott's ,g5]al ,view ( ! ,hi/ory ( ! 
,engli% ,bible a mo/ tru/wor?y &        
invaluable guide4  ,9 ! ,app5dix ,i h   
br\ght toge!r ! prologues or prefaces to
 ! *ief hi/orical editions ( ! ,engli%  
,bible4 ,"s ( ^! are n ( easy access to 
ord9>y read]s1 :ile all are ( deep &    
la/+ int]e/4 ,!y w abundantly repay a   
c>eful p]usal4 ,! read] w !reby1 m      

readily ?an 9 any o!r way1 come into    
p]sonal contact ) ! noble m5 to ^:      
self-d5y+ lab\rs our c\ntry & ! _w are s
 deeply indebt$2 w le>n :at 0 ! _s :i*  
animat$ !m1 & :at 7 ! aims & me?ods ( _!
 toil2 &1 9 addition to mu* wise        
in/ruction respect+ ! /udy ( ! ^w (     
,god1 w le>n h[ ! deepe/ love & rev]5ce 
= ! ,bible are n only tol]ant ( *anges 9
 its outw>d =m1 b w inde$ imp]atively   
dem& !m :5ev] ne$$ = ! m fai?ful        
exhibition ( ! tru? x en%r9es4  ,x has  
=m$ no "p ( my purpose ei!r to exhibit  
or to ju/ify ! *anges :i* h be5 made 9 !
 revision 9 :i* ,i h _h ! hon\r & !     
responsibility ( %>+4 ,! =m] w be/ be   
le>nt f ! p]usal ( ! ,revis$ ,v]sion    
itself2 ! latt] x w\ld be unbecom+ 9 me 
to und]take4 ,! ultimate decision       
respect+ !m mu/ re/ ^u ! concurr5t      
judgm5t ( ! wise/ & mo/ le>n$2 & !y :o  
are ! mo/ compet5t to judge w be ! lea/ 
ha/y 9 giv+ judgm5t1 = !y be/ "k h[     
difficult & delicate is ! translator's  
task1 & h[ manifold1 & sometimes h[     

subtle1 are ! v>i\s consid]ations :i*   
det]m9e 8 r5d]+4 ,nor inde$ w\ld any su*
 attempt be possible )9 ! limits ,i h "h
 assign$ to myself4 ,to be prop]ly done 
x w\ld require an appeal to special     
le>n+ :i* ,i h no "r to assume 9 my     
read]s1 & to habits ( s*ol>ly           
inve/igation :i* ,i may n presuppose4   
,to ! bulk ( my read]s ! "o ju/ification
 = ! *anges !y w discov] 9 ! ,revis$    
,new ,te/am5t mu/ practically re/ 9 !   
fact t ^? :o h = m ?an t5 ye>s          
consci5ti\sly & dilig5tly lab\r$ 9 ?is  
matt]1 & :o h ) su* anxi\s c>e revis$ & 
re-revis$ _! "w1 h be5 con/ra9$ to !    
conclusion t 9 ?is way !y w\ld mo/      
fai?fully & cle>ly pres5t ! s5se ( !    
sacr$ ,^w4 ,may ,he ^: ^w x is graci\sly
 accept _! s]vice1 & deign to use x = ,8
 glory4    ,,new ,,college1   ,april    
#bf1 #ahha4     ,,cont5ts4              
,page    ,,lecture ,i4 ,,sub/ance ,,&   
,,=m                                    
#a    ,,lecture ,,ii4 ,,! ,,gr[? ,,( ,,!
 ,,engli% ,,bible                       

#aa    ,,lecture ,,iii4 ,,! ,,fur!r     
,,gr[? ,,( ,,! ,,engli% ,,bible         
#be    ,,lecture ,,iv4 ,,! ,,revision   
,,( #afaa4 ,,! ,,s-,,call$ ,,au?oriz$   
,,v]sion    #ci    ,,lecture ,v4        
,,revision ,a ,,recurr+ ,,necessity     
#ea    ,,lecture ,,vi4 ,,on ,,!         
,,imp]fect ,,r5d]+s ,,introduc$ ,,or    
,,reta9$ ,,9               ,,!          
,,revision ,,( #afaa                    
#fa    ,,lecture ,,vii4 ,,on ,,!        
,,orig9al ,,texts ,,z ,,kn[n ,,9 #afaa1 
,,& ,,z ,,n[                ,,kn[n      
#gi    ,,lecture ,,viii4 ,,!            
,,prep>ations ,,= ,,fur!r ,,revision    
,,made ,,dur+                 ,,! ,,pa/ 
,,two ,,c5turies                        
#ia    ,,lecture ,,ix4 ,,! ,,revision   
,,( #ahha                               
#aje     ,,app5dix4    7,a47 ,,purvey',s
 ,,prologue ,,to ,,! ,,wycliffite       
,,bible4 ,,*4 ,,xv4              #abi   
7,b47 ,,tyndale',s ,,prologues          
#acg    7,c47 ,,cov]dale',s ,,prologue  
,,to ,,8 ,,bible ,,( #aece              

#afj    7,d47 ,,preface ,,to ,,!        
,,g5evan ,,bible4 #aefj                 
#agb    7,e47 ,,preface ,,to ,,!        
,,bi%ops' ,,bible4 #aefh                
#agg    7,f47 ,,preface ,,to ,,!        
,,revision ,,( #afaa                    
#aii    7,g47 ,,! ,,revis]s ,,( #aefh   
#bce    7,h47 ,,! ,,revis]s ,,( #afaa   
#bcg     ,,lectures ,,on ,,bible        
,,revision4     ,,lecture ,i4           
,,sub/ance ,,& ,,=m4   ,!re are probably
 dev\t p]sons n a few 9 ^: m9ds ! m]e   
sugge/ion ( a ,revision ( ! ,scriptures 
ar\ses a feel+ ( m+l$ pa9 & surprise4 ,9
 t ,bible :i* !y receiv$ f _! fa!rs 9 ! 
tru/ful confid5ce ( *ildhood1 !y h he>d 
! voice ( ,god speak+ to _! s\ls4 ,n f  
any te/imony giv5 to !m by o!rs1 b f _! 
own l5g!n$ & v>i$ exp]i5ce ( x1 !y "k x 
to be ! ,fa!r's gift unto ,8 *ildr54 ,x 
has quick5$1 guid$1 & /r5g!n$ !m1 z no  
human words _h ev] done1 answ]+ ! deepe/
 crav+s ( _! nature1 /imulat+ !m to     
endeav\rs aft] a nobl] life1 & enk9dl+  
)9 !m ! confid5ce ( a sure & bless$     

hope4 ,t x is f heav51 & n f m51 !y "k1 
n because ( :at has be5 told !m1 b f :at
 !y !mselves h se5 & le>nt2 & !y ne$ no 
fur!r evid5ce ( its inspiration ?an !   
fact t x has op5$ _! eyes to a k (      
!mselves1 & to a p]ception ( ! lovel9ess
 ( ,*ri/4 ,t any %\ld d>e to m$dle ) a  
book s preci\s & s hon\r$1 seems to !m a
 sacrilegi\s act1 & a ,revision ( !     
,holy ,scriptures is to !m a presumptu\s
 attempt to improve ^u ! h&iwork ( ,god4
  ,9 ?is feel+ !re is mu* ) :i* e       
,*ri/ian man w w>mly sympa?ize2 b !re is
 9 x also some?+ t calls = correction & 
in/ruction4 ,!re is ne$ "h1 z else:]e1 (
 c>eful ?\ght & self-discipl9e1 le/1 by 
conf\nd+ ?+s t diff]1 we transf] our    
rev]5ce = :at is ,god-giv5 & div9e to   
:at is only human1 & !re=e fallible4 ,a 
little consid]ation w suffice to %[ t1 9
 su* a matt] z ?is1 x is peculi>ly      
important to di/+ui% betwe5 sub/ance &  
=m1 betwe5 :at is ess5tial & p]man5t &  
:at is accid5tal & v>iable4 ,by !       
sub/ance ( ! ,bible we mean ! /atem5ts  

:i*1 9 v>i\s ways & div]se mann]s1 x    
pres5ts to our ?\ghts2 ! precepts & !   
promises1 ! hi/ories & ! prophecies1 !  
doctr9es & ! pray]s1 ! tru?s ab\t ,god &
 ab\t man1 ?r\gh :i* our m9ds are       
in/ruct$1 our consci5ces enlight5$1 &   
our he>ts e/abli%$ by grace4 ,by ! =m ( 
! ,bible1 we mean ! signs or s\nds by   
:i* ! v>i\s /atem5ts conta9$ 9 ! ,bible 
are pres5t$ to u1 & :i* are1 z x 71 !   
*annel ?r\gh :i* ! tru?s x tea*es are   
convey$ to our m9ds4 ,x w be obvi\s ^u !
 lea/ consid]ation1 t ! k9d & degree (  
rev]5ce :i* x is "r to ent]ta9 t[>ds !  
=m ( ,scripture1 is v diff]5t f t :i* x 
behoves u to *]i% = ! sub/ance (        
,scripture4 ,respect+ ! latt]1 x is     
fitt+ to wat* ) all jeal\sy t no man add
 unto x or take f x2 x is preci\s = its 
own sake4 ,n s1 h[ev]1 ) ! =m]2 its wor?
 is n 9 itself1 b only 9 t :i* x        
en%r9es4 ,! two s5t5ces--  8,?is is a   
fai?ful say+1 & wor?y ( all acceptation1
 t ,*ri/ ,jesus came into ! _w to save  
s9n]s10  8,gwir yw'r gair ac yn ha$du   

pob d]byniad1 ddyfod ,cri/ ,iesu i'r byd
 i gadw pe*aduriaid10  are v diff]5t 9  
=m1 :e!r judg$ by ! eye or ! e>1 & yet !
 tru? convey$ by ! =m] to an ,engli%man1
 or by ! latt] to a ,wel%man1 is        
ess5tially ! same4 ,& al?\gh "o :o _h   
le>nt to prize t tru? "u ei!r ( ! =ms "h
 giv5 w\ld naturally *]i% also ! v words
 by :i* x _h be5 taught him1 8 rev]5ce =
 ! tru? w\ld impel him to adopt ! o!r =m
 9 pref]5ce :5ev] t might be ! bett]    
in/rum5t = convey+ x to ano!r4 ,*anges1 
!re=e1 9 ! =m ( ,scripture may be lawful
 & "r4  ,moreov]1 z a matt] ( hi/ory1 ! 
=m ( ,scripture has1 f ! v beg9n+1 be5  
pass+ ?r\gh a cont9u$ succession (      
*anges1 & ) ?is fact x is mo/ important 
t ! ,bible /ud5t %\ld famili>ize        
himself4 ,^! *anges may be arrang$ "u   
two g5]al classes4  ,"o class ( *anges  
has aris5 out ( ! p]i%able nature ( !   
docum5ts1 ( :i* ! ,bible at ! fir/      
consi/$4  ,x is sc>cely ne$ful to /ate t
 we d n n[ possess ! orig9al copies (   
any ( ! books ( ! ,old or ! ,new        

,te/am5t4 ,ev5 :ile ^! 7 /ill 9 exi/5ce 
x 0 necess>y to transcribe !m 9 ord] t  
_m p]sons 9 _m places might possess &   
read !m4 ,9 ! "w ( transcription1 h[ev] 
c>eful ! transcrib] might h be51 errors 
( v>i\s k9ds necess>ily arose2 "s f     
mi/ak+ "o lett] = ano!r2 "s f failure ( 
memory1 if ! scribe 7 writ+ f dictation2
 & "s f occasional ov]sight1 if he 7    
writ+ f a copy be=e him2 "s f mom5t>y   
lapses ( att5tion1 :5 8 h& wrote on )\t 
8 guidance2 & "s f an attempt to correct
 a real or fanci$ error 9 ! "w ( 8      
pr$ecessor4 ,if any ( my read]s w make  
an exp]im5t by copy+ a passage ( "s l5g?
 f any pr9t$ book1 & !n h& ov] 8        
manuscript to a fri5d ) a reque/ to copy
 x1 & aft]w>ds pass on ! copy s made to 
a ?ird1 & s on 9 succession ?r\gh a li/ 
( t5 or a doz5 p]sons1 ea* copy+ !      
manuscript ( ! "o be=e him 9 ! li/1 he  
w1 on comp>+ ! la/ ) ! pr9t$ book1 h a  
vivid & int]e/+ illu/ration ( ! numb] & 
k9d ( v>iations t arise 9 ! process (   
transcription4 ,9 ! case1 !re=e1 ( ev5 v

 e>ly copies ( any ( ! books ( !        
,scriptures1 "s sort ( revision w\ld    
become necess>y1 & ! deep] ! rev]5ce = !
 book1 ! m obligatory w\ld ! duty ( mak+
 su* a revision be felt to be1 & ! m    
e>ne/ly & readily w\ld x be und]tak54 ,s
 long z ! orig9al copies 7 9 exi/5ce &  
accessible ?is "w ( revision w\ld be    
comp>atively easy & simple4 ,x w\ld call
 only = ! ability to make c>eful &      
pati5t comp>ison4 ,b :5 ! orig9als c\ld 
no long] be appeal$ to1 & :51 moreov]1  
successive transcription _h gone on     
?r\gh _m g5]ations1 ! "w w\ld become mu*
 m complex & difficult1 call+ = mu* k & 
mu* p]sev]+ rese>*1 = a m9d skill$ 9 !  
appreciation ( evid5ce1 & able to judge 
calmly betwe5 conflict+ te/imony4 ,at ! 
same "t1 ! ne$ = revision w\ld to "s    
ext5t be great] ?an be=e4 ,i say to "s  
ext5t1 because ! natural multiplication 
( errors aris+ f successive             
transcription ?r\gh _m c5turies1 has 9 !
 case ( ! ,scriptures be5 v l>gely      
*eck$4 ,! special rev]5ce felt = ?is    

book beyond o!r books l$ to ! ex]cise ( 
special c>e 9 ! prep>ation ( ,biblical  
manuscripts1 & special precautions 7    
tak5 to gu>d !m z f> z possible f any   
v>iation4 ,ow+ to ^! & o!r causes a l>g]
 measure ( uni=mity is f\nd 9 ! lat] ?an
 9 ! e>li] manuscripts n[ extant4  ,a   
second class ( *anges 9 ! =m ( !        
,scriptures has aris5 f ! natural gr[? &
 developm5t ( language4  ,! e>lie/      
,bible ( :i* we h any hi/orical k 0 9 ! 
=m ( a roll1 made probably ( sk9s1      
conta9+ ! five books ( ,moses1 & writt5 
9 ! ,hebrew language4 ,?is 0 describ$ z 
8! ,book ( ! ,law ( ! ,"l giv5 by       
,moses0 7#b ,*ron4 xxxiv4 #ad72 m       
briefly z 8! ,book ( ! ,law ( ,moses0   
7,jo%ua viii4 #ca2 #b ,k+s xiv4 #f2     
,neh4 viii4 #a71 or z 8! ,book ( ! ,law 
( ,god0 7,neh4 viii4 #h72 & m briefly   
/ill z 8! ,book ( ! ,law0 7#b ,k+s xxii4
 #h71 or z 8! ,book ( ,moses40 7,ezra   
vi4 #ah2 ,m>k xii4 #bf47 ,two o!r       
collections ( sacr$ books 7 subsequ5tly 
add$1 kn[n respectively z ! ,prophets & 

! ,holy ,writ+s1 ! =m] compris+ ,jo%ua1 
,judges1 ,samuel1 ,k+s1 ,isaiah1        
,j]emiah1 ,ezekiel1 & ! twelve m9or     
prophets2 ! latt] compris+ ! ,psalms1   
,prov]bs1 ,job1 ! ,song ( ,solomon1     
,ru?1 ,lam5tations1 ,ecclesia/es1       
,daniel1 ,ezra1 ,nehemiah1 & ,*ronicles4
 ,x is 9 ?is ord]1 we may note 9 pass+1 
t ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t are /ill    
arrang$ 9 our ,hebrew ,bibles4  ,be=e ! 
completion ( ! canon ( ! ,old ,te/am5t !
 language ( ! ,jews began to exhibit    
evid5ces ( *ange1 & ?r\gh _! int]c\rse )
 ! v>i\s peoples ( ,mesopotamia 7or     
,aram7 ! lat] books %[ a di/9ct t5d5cy  
t[>ds ,aramaic =ms & idioms4 ,?is       
t5d5cy1 already app>5t at ! "t ( !      
return f ! ,captivity1 0 accel]at$ by ! 
political ev5ts :i* foll[$4 ,dur+ !     
hundr$ & eighty ye>s & m :i* int]v5$    
betwe5 ! ,re/oration ( ! ,temple1 ,b4,c4
 #eaf1 & ! ov]?r[ ( ,d>ius ,codomannus1 
,b4,c4 #cca1 ,juda 0 a portion ( t      
prov9ce ( ! ,p]sian empire1 9 :i* !     
,aramaic 0 ! preval5t dialect4 ,! anci5t

 ,hebrew gradually ceas$ to be !        
language ( ! ,jews 9 common life1 &1    
be=e ! "t ( our ,"l1 _h be5 supplant$ by
 ! language ( _! ,ea/]n neighb\rs4  ,) !
 decl9e ( ! ,hebrew language !re arose  
among/ ! ,jews ! class ( m5 kn[n z      
,scribes1 ^: prim>y function 0 t (      
prep>+ copies ( ! ,scriptures1 & ( gu>d+
 ! sacr$ text f ! intrusion ( errors4   
,ow+ to _! great zeal = ! pres]vation ( 
! lett] ( ,scripture1 & to _! natural   
t5d5cy to hold fa/ to ! hon\r & influ5ce
 :i* _! special k & skill gave to !m1 !y
 did n1 :5 ,hebrew ceas$ to be          
intelligible to ! common p1 set !mselves
 to ! task ( giv+ !m ! ,bible 9 a =m :i*
 !y c\ld und]/&2 b1 magnify+ _! (fice   
ov]mu*1 assum$ ! position ( au?oritative
 tea*]s & exp\nd]s ( ! ,law4 ,s*ol>s    
might /ill /udy = !mselves ! anci5t     
,bible1 b = ! p at l>ge ! =m :i* !      
,scriptures n[ practically assum$ 0 t ( 
! spok5 utt]ances ( ! ,scribes4  ,h[    
imp]fect & unsatisfactory ?is mu/ h be5 
is obvi\s2 & ! m s z ^! tea*]s did n    

cont5t !mselves ) simply r5d]+ ! anci5t 
text into a famili> =m1 b int]m+l$ ) x a
 mass ( human traditions t obscur$ &    
sometimes contradict$ its mean+4 ,x w\ld
 h be5 a great ga9 = ! p ( ,juda if _!  
reg>d = ! outw>d =m ( _! ,scriptures _h 
be5 less extreme & m enlight5$1 & if    
compet5t m5 among/ !m _h v5tur$ s to    
revise ! anci5t books t _! fell[        
c\ntrym5 might read 9 _! own tongue !   
wond]ful works & words ( ,god4  ,?is    
wis] c\rse 0 adopt$ 9 t l>g] ,juda :i*  
lay outside ( ,pale/9e4 ,! ,jews scatt]$
 ?r\gh ,asia ,m9or1 ,syria1 & ,egypt1 & 
o!r p>ts ( ! empire ( ,alex&] & 8       
successors1 7 less rigidly cons]vative  
?an 7 ! resid5ts ( ,juda1 & = _! use a  
translation into ,greek 0 made 9 ! latt]
 "p ( ! ?ird c5tury be=e ,*ri/4 ,?is is 
! v]sion kn[n z ! ,septuag9t4#a ,x is   
probable1 bo? on g5]al gr\nds & f       
int]nal evid5ce1 t ! ,p5tateu* 0 !      
portion fir/ translat$1 & t subsequ5tly1
 ?\gh aft] no v long int]val ( "t1 ! o!r
 portions 7 translat$ also4 ,x is q     

c]ta9 t ! :ole 0 9 circulation 9 !      
middle ( ! second c5tury be=e ,*ri/4    
,v>i\s tales respect+ ! orig9 ( ?is     
translation got spread abroad4#b ,^! are
 l>gely due to ! vivid imag9ation ( _!  
au?ors4 ,!y may1 h[ev]1 be tak5 z       
evid5ce ( ! high e/eem 9 :i* ?is v]sion 
0 held2 & we %all probably n err 9      
conclud+ f !m t ,alex&ria 0 ! city 9 :i*
 x orig9at$4 ,dur+1 !n1 ! two c5turies t
 prec$$ ! ,adv5t1 ! ,bible1 z us$ by !  
great majority ( its read]s 9 v>i\s p>ts
 ( ! _w1 _h assum$ an entirely diff]5t  
=m f t 9 :i* x at fir/ appe>$4 ,x 0 9   
,greek1 & n 9 ,hebrew1 & x includ$      
sev]al additional works2 ^?1 namely1 :i*
 are n[ call$ collectively ! ,apocrypha4
 ,! use ( ?is translation among/ !      
extra-,pale/9ian ,jews contribut$ l>gely
 to ! spread ( ,*ri/ianity2 & to _m     
among/ ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ian *ur*es1 & = _m 
g5]ations1 x 0 /ill ! =m "u :i* !y /udi$
 ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4  ,at ! "t ( 
our ,"l & ,8 ,apo/les1 ,greek 0 !       
language :i* mo/ widely prevail$ ?r\gh !

 ,roman ,empire4 ,x 0 ! ord9>y language 
( int]c\rse among/ all ! peoples t _h   
=m]ly be5 subjugat$ by ,grecian arms1 & 
0 read & spok5 by _m 9 ,rome itself4 ,x 
0 9 ?is language1 & n 9 ! sacr$ language
 ( ! anci5t ,*ur*1 t ! books ( ! ,new   
,te/am5t 7 writt52 & ! lesson 0 !reby   
emphatically taught u t ! ,bible 0 =    
man1 & n man = ! ,bible2 t ! =m 0       
subord9ate to ! sub/ance1 & %\ld be s   
modifi$1 z occasions occur1 t x may be/ 
m9i/] to ! spiritual wants ( mank9d4  ,z
 ye>s pass$ on ,*ri/ianity spread into !
 rural p>ts ( ! di/ricts already        
occupi$1 :]e ,greek 0 b little kn[n1 &  
into new regions beyond1 :]e t language 
_h nev] prevail$4 ,?is call$ = fur!r    
*anges 9 ! =m ( ,scripture1 & 9 ! second
 c5tury ( our era bo? ! ,old & ,new     
,te/am5ts 7 translat$ = ! use ( ! num]\s
 ,*ri/ians 9 ,nor!rn & ,ea/]n ,syria    
into t =m ( ,aramaic :i* is kn[n z      
,syriac4 ,?is language--!               
,syro-,aramaic--diff]s by dialectic     
peculi>ities f ! ,pale/9ian ,aramaic4 ,9

 its e>lie/ =ms1 h[ev]1 we h probably ! 
ne>e/ repres5tation we c n[ hope to     
obta9 ( ! native language ( ! p among/  
:om our ,"l liv$ & lab\r$4  ,ab\t ! same
 "t also ! ,scriptures began to be      
translat$ into ,lat9 = ! use ( ! ,*ur*es
 ( ,nor? ,africa1 & !re is good reason =
 believ+ t 9 ! la/ qu>t] ( ! second     
c5tury ! entire ,scriptures 9 ,lat9 7   
l>gely circulat$ ?r\gh\t t region4 ,?is 
0 :at is t]m$ ! ,old ,lat9 v]sion4 ,x 0 
! ,bible z possess$ & us$ by ,t]tullian 
& ,cyprian1 & subsequ5tly1 9 a revis$   
=m1 by ,augu/9e4 ,9 ! ,old ,te/am5t ?is 
v]sion 0 made1 n f ,hebrew1 b f ! ,greek
 ( ! ,septuag9t1 & s 0 b ! translation (
 a translation4  ,f ,africa ?is ,bible  
pass$ into ,italy4 ,"h a c]ta9 rud5ess (
 /yle1 aris+ f its prov9cial orig91     
awak5$ ere long a desire to secure a    
v]sion t %\ld be at once m accurate & m 
grateful to ,italian e>s4 ,v>i\s        
attempts at a revision ( ! ,lat9 7      
consequ5tly made4 ,"o ( ^!1 kn[n z !    
,itala1 or ! ,italic v]sion1 is highly  

comm5d$ by ,augu/9e4 ,9 ! ye> ,a4,d4    
#chc1 ,damasus1 ! !n ,bi%op ( ,rome1    
tr\bl$ by ! manifold v>iations t exi/$  
betwe5 diff]5t copies ( ! ,lat9         
,scriptures !n 9 circulation1 us$ 8     
influ5ce ) "o ( ! greate/ s*ol>s ( !    
age1 ,eusebius ,hi]onymus1 to und]take !
 labori\s & responsible task ( a ?or\gh 
revision ( ! ,lat9 text4 ,hi]onymus1 or1
 z he is commonly t]m$1 ,j]ome1 at once 
set himself to ! task1 & 8 revis$ ,new  
,te/am5t appe>$ 9 ,a4,d4 #che4 ,he also 
once & aga9 revis$ ! ,old ,lat9 v]sion (
 ! ,book ( ,psalms1 & subsequ5tly !     
rema9+ books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 c>efully
 comp>+ !m ) ! ,greek ( ! ,septuag9t1 f 
:i* !y _h be5 d]iv$4 ,9 ,a4,d4 #chi1 :5 
9 8 sixtie? ye>1 he ent]$ ^u ! fur!r    
task ( a new translation ( ! books ( !  
,old ,te/am5t f ! orig9al ,hebrew1 &    
complet$ x 9 ! ye> ,a4,d4 #djd4 ,out ( !
 v>i\s lab\rs ( ,j]ome arose ! ,bible   
:i* is commonly kn[n z ! ,vulgate4      
,j]ome's translation ( ! ,old ,te/am5t f
 ! ,hebrew 0 n made at ! in/ance ( any  

ecclesia/ical au?ority1 & ! old         
prejudice 9 fav\r ( ! ,septuag9t l$ _m  
/ill to cl+ to ! e>li] v]sion4 ,only v  
gradually did ! new translation make its
 way2 & n until ! "t ( ,gregory !       
,great1 at ! close ( ! six? c5tury1 did 
x receive ! explicit sanction ( ! head (
 ! ,roman ,*ur*4#c ,9 ! case ( !        
,psalt]1 ! old translation 0 nev]       
sup]s$$4  ,! ,vulgate is ?us a composite
 "w4 ,x conta9s 7#a7 ,j]ome's           
translation f ! ,hebrew ( all ! books ( 
! ,old ,te/am5t1 except ! ,psalms2 7#b7 
,j]ome's revision ( ! ,old ,lat9 v]sion 
( ! ,psalms1 t v]sion be+1 z /at$ above1
 made f ! ,septuag9t2 7#c7 ! ,old ,lat9 
v]sion ( ! ,apocrypha unrevis$1 save 9 !
 books ( ,judi? & ,tobit2 7#d7 ,j]ome's 
revis$ ,new ,te/am5t1 :i* 9 ! ,gospels 0
 v c>eful & complete1 & might almo/ be  
t]m$ a new translation1 ?\gh he himself 
repudiat$ any su* claim4  ,dur+ _m      
c5turies ! ,vulgate 0 ! only =m 9 :i* ! 
,bible 0 accessible to ! p ( ,we/]n     
,europe1 & x 0 ! ,bible f :i* 9 turn !  

e>lie/ ,bibles ( our own & o!r c\ntries 
7 imm$iately d]iv$4 ,x w ?us be se5 t ! 
hi/ory ( ! ,bible has f ! beg9n+ be5 a  
hi/ory ( revision4 ,only s c\ld !y :o   
lov$ ! ,bible fulfil ! tru/ committ$ to 
!m2 only s c\ld ! ,bible be a ,bible =  
mank9d4     ,,lecture ,,ii4  ,,! ,,gr[? 
,,( ,,! ,,engli% ,,bible4   ,! ,engli%  
,bible1 m ?an any o!r ( ! =ms 9 :i* !   
,scriptures h be5 us$ by ,*ri/ian m51   
has be5 a gr[?4 ,x is n ! production (  
"o man1 or ( "o epo*4 ,x has come d[n to
 u ?r\gh a long s]ies ( trans=mations1 &
 x is ! result ( ! cont9u\s endeav\rs ( 
a succession ( e>ne/ lab\r]s to give to 
_! fell[-c\ntrym5 a fai?ful             
repres5tation ( ! ^w ( ,god4  ,at :at   
date1 & by :om1 ! ,scriptures 7 fir/ set
 =? 9 a =m :i* 0 intelligible to ! p (  
?is c\ntry is n kn[n4 ,9 ! e>lie/ p]iod 
respect+ :i* we h any cle> in=mation1 ! 
,lat9 ,vulgate 0 ! ,bible ( ! cl]gy & ( 
public wor%ip4 ,"s portions only 7 r5d]$
 into ! language ( ! common p4 ,few ( !m
 probably 7 able to read1 & ?is may     

expla9 :y x 0 t ! ,psalms 7 especially  
select$ = translation4 ,!y c\ld be m    
readily committ$ to memory1 & be m      
easily w$d$ to music4 ,b :atev] !       
reason1 ! ,psalt] is ! e>lie/ ,engli%   
,bible ( :i* we h any def9ite k4 ,x 0   
translat$ q e>ly 9 ! eigh? c5tury1 bo?  
by ,aldhelm1 sometime ,abbot (          
,malmesbury1 b at 8 dea?1 9 ,a4,d4      
#gji1d ,bi%op ( ,%]borne1 & by          
,gu?lac1#e ! h]mit ( ,croyl&1 :o di$    
,a4,d4 #gad4f ,a few ye>s lat]1 ,a4,d4  
#gce1 ! ,v5]able ,b$e translat$ ! gospel
 ( ,john1 dy+1 z relat$ 9 ! t\*+        
n>rative ( 8 disciple ,cu?b]t1 9 ! v act
 ( complet+ x4 ,9 ! foll[+ c5tury ,k+   
,alfr$ greatly enc\rag$ ! "w (          
translation1 & x is to ?is p]iod t we   
are probably to attribute ^?            
,anglo-,saxon gospels :i* h come d[n to 
u4#g ,t[>ds ! close ( ! t5? c5tury1 or  
e>ly 9 ! elev5?1 ! fir/ sev5 books ( !  
,old ,te/am5t 7 p>tly translat$ & p>tly 
epitomis$ by lfric1 ,ar*bi%op (         
,cant]bury4 ,a v]se f ea* ( ^! two      

la/-m5tion$ works w %[ ( :at sort 0 ! =m
 ( ^! e>ly ,engli% ,bibles1 & w at !    
same "t illu/rate "o ( ! causes :i* f "t
 to "t h r5d]$ ! task ( revision an     
imp]ative duty4  ,! ,anglo-,saxon gospel
 pres5ts ,mat!w v4 #c ?us3  8,eadige s9d
 a ga/lican e>fan1 =am hyra ys he(5a    
rice40  ,& 9 lfric's ,heptateu*1 ,g5esis
 xliii4 #bi reads3  8a josep geseah 8   
gem$dr$an broor b5iam9 a cwae he1 is is 
se cnapa e ge me =esa$on & eft he cwae  
god gemilt sige e sunu m940  ,9 ! c\rse 
( "t our language gradually *ang$ f ! =m
 exhibit$ 9 ^! quotations to t se5 9 !  
writ+s ( ,*auc] & ,wycliffe4 ,dur+ !    
e>li] "p ( ?is transition p]iod ! ,old  
,engli% 7,anglo-,saxon7 ,scriptures     
cont9u$ 9 use2 b t[>ds ! middle "p !y   
seem to h become p>tially un9telligible1
 & attempts 7 consequ5tly made to give !
 ,scriptures to ! p 9 ! new =m (        
language !n preval5t1 & :i* is kn[n z ! 
,e>ly ,engli%4 ,x has be5 ass]t$ t !    
entire ,scriptures 7 issu$ 9 ?is =m2 b =
 ?is !re is no satisfactory evid5ce4 ,we

 h c]ta9 k only ( a poetical v]sion ( ! 
,psalms 7! 8,ormulum071 writt5 ab\t !   
close ( ! twelf? c5tury2 ( a poetical   
n>ration ( ! pr9cipal ev5ts record$ 9   
,g5esis & ,exodus1 writt5 ab\t ! middle 
( ! ?irte5? c5tury2 & ( two prose v]ses 
( ! ,psalms1 bo? belong+ to ! e>ly "p ( 
! f\rte5? c5tury1 "o by ,william de     
,s*orham1 vic> ( ,*>t-,sutton1 9 ,k5t1 &
 ! o!r by ,ri*>d ,rolle1 ( ,hampole1 ne>
 ,donca/]4 ,9 ! v]sion ( ! =m] ! fir/   
two v]ses ( ,psalm i4 are ?us giv53     
8,bless$ be ! man t ed n\t 9 ! c\nseil (
 wick$3 ne /ode n\t 9 ! waie ( s9eres1  
ne sat n\t 9 fals jugem5t4 ,ac hijs     
wylle 0 9 ! wylle ( oure ,"l2 & he s*al 
!n*e 9 hijs lawe bo? dae & nyt40  ,! ye>
 #achb is ! e>lie/ date at :i* x c ) any
 confid5ce be affirm$ t ! entire        
,scriptures exi/$ 9 ! ,engli%           
language4#h ,dur+ sev]al ye>s previ\s to
 ?is date ,wycliffe & 8 associates _h 9 
v>i\s ways be5 work+ t[>ds !            
accompli%m5t ( ?is result4 ,b x 0 ) "s  
measure ( secrecy1 z ( m5 :o appreh5d$  

dang] f ! attempt4 ,?is r5d]s x         
difficult to det]m9e ) precision ! date 
:5 ! "w 0 complet$1 & :at 0 ! "p :i* ea*
 ( ! jo9t lab\r]s _h 9 ! common task4 ,x
 is beyond controv]sy t ! *ief place (  
hon\r is due to ,john ,wycliffe4 ,8 "n  
is s closely & con/antly associat$ ) ?is
 ,bible by ^? :o ref] to x 9 ! times    
imm$iately succe$+1 z to put x beyond   
all d\bt t x is to 8 influ5ce our c\ntry
 is ma9ly indebt$ = ?is unspeakable     
boon4 ,! translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 0
 probably 9 :ole or 9 l>ge "p ! "w (    
,wycliffe himself4 ,t ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1
 d[n to ! tw5tie? v]se ( ! ?ird *apt] ( 
,b>u*1 is cr$ibly assign$1 ^u ! au?ority
 ( a ,,ms4 9 ! ,bodleian libr>y1 to     
,ni*olas de ,h]e=d1 "o ( ! lead]s ( !   
,loll>d p>ty 9 ,ox=d4 ,x is probable t  
?is ,bible 0 some:at hurri$ly complet$1 
& t ei!r ! translators 7 prev5t$ by     
circum/ances f review+ _! "w be=e issu+ 
x1 or1 ) ! natural eag]ness ( m5 engag$ 
9 a fir/ attempt1 !y did n all[ !mselves
 "t = do+ s4 ,possibly also !y may      

!mselves h reg>d$ x b z a sort ( fir/   
draft ( _! "w1 & ! v>iations !y _h f\nd 
to exi/ 9 _! copies ( ! ,vulgate _h     
reveal$ to !m ! ne$ ( fur!r lab\r be=e  
!y c\ld satisfactorily complete ! task  
!y _h und]tak54  ,wycliffe di$ 9        
,decemb]1 #achd2 b ei!r be=e 8 dea?1 or 
%ortly aft]w>d1 a revision ( ?is "w 0   
comm5c$ by "o ( 8 mo/ intimate fri5ds1  
,john ,purvey1 :o1 hav+ resid$ )        
,wycliffe dur+ ! latt] "p ( 8 life1 may 
be reasonably cr$it$ ) act+ h]e9 "u a   
full k ( ! wi%es & aims ( 8 hon\r$      
tea*]4  ,! c\rse pursu$ by ,purvey1 z   
describ$ by himself 9 8 prologue1#i is  
int]e/+ & in/ructive1 sett+ =?1 z x     
does1 mo/ di/9ctly ! ma9 l9es ^u :i* any
 "w ( ,biblical revision mu/ proce$4 ,8 
fir/ /ep 0 to collect old copies ( !    
,vulgate1 & ! works ( le>n$ m5 :o _h    
exp\nd$ & translat$ ! same2 & !n1 by    
exam9ation & comp>ison1 to remove z f> z
 he c\ld ! errors :i* 9 v>i\s ways _h   
crept into ! ,lat9 text4 ,8 second /ep 0
 to /udy afre% ! text s revis$1 &       

endeav\r to arrive at a correct         
appreh5sion ( its g5]al mean+4 ,8 ?ird 0
 to consult ! be/ au?orities )9 8 rea* =
 ! explanation ( obscure t]ms1 & (      
specially difficult passages4 ,8 f\r? 0 
to translate z cle>ly z possible1 & !n  
submit ! same to ! jo9t correction (    
compet5t p]sons2 or1 to use 8 own words1
 8to translate z cle>ly z he c\ld to !  
s5t5ce1 & to h _m good fell[s1 & cunn+1 
at ! correct+ ( ! translation40 ,by !   
co-op]ation ( ?is b& ( skilful help]s ! 
"w 0 complet$ ab\t ! ye> #achh1 & copies
 ( x 7 rapidly multipli$4#aj ,x became1 
9 fact1 ! accept$ =m ( ! ,wycliffite    
v]sion4  ,by a comp>ison ( ! two v]ses (
 ,psalm i41 giv5 above1 ) ! =ms 9 :i* !y
 appe>$ 9 ! two ,wycliffe ,bibles1 !    
read] w be able 9 "s degree to e/imate !
 gr[? ( our language1 & w also und]/& h[
 pa9/ak+ & rev]5t 0 ! c>e tak5 by ^!    
8fai?ful m50 t 9 ?is sacr$ "w !y might  
(f] ( _! v be/4  ,9 ! e>li] ,wycliffe   
v]sion ! v]ses read ?us3  8,blisful !   
man t w5t n awei 9 ! c\nseil ( unpit\se1

 & 9 ! wei (f s9ful /od n1 & 9 ! *aer ( 
pe/il5ce sat n4 ,b 9 ! lawe ( ! ,"l 8   
wil2 & 9 ! lawe ( hym he %al sweteli    
!nke dai & nyt40  ,9 ,purvey's revis$   
v]sion !y read3  8,blessid is ! man t   
ede n 9 ! c\ncel ( wickid m52 & /ood n 9
 ! weie ( synn]is1 & sat n 9 ! *ai] (   
pe/il5ce4 ,b 8 wille is 9 ! lawe ( !    
,"l2 & he s*al bi!nke 9 ! lawe ( hym dai
 & nyt40  ,?is ,bible1 s long z x rema9$
 9 use z ! ,bible ( ,engli% p1 exi/$1 x 
%\ld be rememb]$1 only 9 a manuscript   
=m4#aa ,! *ief po9t1 h[ev]1 to be notic$
 "h is1 t ) all its excell5ces1 &       
unspeakable z 0 its wor?1 x 0 b !       
translation ( a translation4 ,nei!r     
,wycliffe nor 8 associates _h access to 
! ,hebrew orig9al ( ! ,old ,te/am5t2 &  
al?\gh "s copies ( ! ,greek ,new        
,te/am5t 7 !n to be f\nd 9 ,engl&1 !re  
is no reason to believe t ,purvey or 8  
fri5ds 7 able to make any use ( !m4 ,!y 
71 inde$1 aw>e t ! ,lat9 ( ! common text
 did n always fai?fully repres5t !      
,hebrew2 b _! k ( ?is fact 0 second-h&1 

ga!r$ *iefly f ! comm5t>ies ( ,ni*olas  
de ,lyra1 a writ] ^: works 7 held 9 high
 repute by ,bible /ud5ts 9 t age4 ,!y   
did n1 !re=e1 v5ture to correct ^!      
places1 b cont5t$ !mselves ) not+ 9 !   
m>g91 8,:at ! ,ebru ha?1 & h[ x is      
undur/ondun40 ,?is1 ,purvey /ates1 he   
has done mo/ frequ5tly 9 ! ,psalt]1 :i* 
8( alle oure bokis discordi? mo/ fro    
,ebru40         99       99       99    
99       99  ,! ?ird /age 9 ! gr[? ( !  
,engli% ,scriptures is br\ght be=e u by 
! int]e/+ s]ies ( pr9t$ ,bibles t issu$ 
f ! pr9t+ press 9 ! reign ( ,h5ry       
,,viii4  ,aft] ! dea? ( ,wycliffe !     
ef=ts ( ! ,popi% p>ty to cru% ! ,loll>ds
 _h increas$ 9 viol5ce1 & v>i\s         
enactm5ts 7 pass$ proscrib+ ! use ( !   
,bible :i* bore 8 "n4 ,an act1 pass$ 9 !
 second p>liam5t ( ,h5ry ,v41 w5t /ill  
fur!r1 & decl>$ t all :o read !         
,scriptures 9 _! native tongue %\ld     
=feit l&1 cattle1 life1 & goods1 !y & _!
 heirs = ev]4 ,not)/&+ ^! repressive    
measures1 copies ( ! ,wycliffe ,bible 7 

/ill made & read 9 secret4 ,?is c\ld be 
done only ) great risk & difficulty1 &  
none b p]sons ( "s weal? c\ld af=d !    
exp5se ( a complete copy4 ,^? 9 humbl]  
positions deem$ !mselves happy if !y    
c\ld secure a s+le book1 or ev5 a few   
leaves4 ,moreov]1 ?r\gh ! gr[+ *anges ( 
! language1 _m passages 7 becom+ v      
obscure to ord9>y read]s4 ,dur+ ! hundr$
 ye>s :i* foll[$ aft] ! issu+ ( ! law j 
ref]r$ to1 two important ev5ts _h       
happ5$2 namely1 ! inv5tion ( pr9t+1#ab &
 ! ,g]man ,re=mation4 ,bo? ( ^! _h a    
l>ge influ5ce 9 /imulat+ ! fri5ds ( !   
,bible to new ef=ts 9 revis+ x = popul> 
use4  ,! lead] ( ?is movem5t 9 our own  
c\ntry 0 ,william ,tyndale1 :o1 9 ! ye> 
#aebe1 pr9t$ on ! ,cont95t1 :i!r he _h  
be5 driv5 by ! opposition :i* beset him 
at home1 ! fir/ edition ( 8 ,new        
,te/am5t1 translat$ f ! ,greek4 ,a      
second & revis$ edition1 8dylyg5tly     
correct$ & comp>$ ) ! ,greke10 0 pr9t$  
at ,antw]p1 & publi%$ 9 ,novemb]1 #aecd2
 & a ?ird & f9al edition 0 publi%$ 9 !  

e>ly "p ( #aece1 9 ! ,may ( :i* ye> he 0
 arre/$ & committ$ to ! ca/le (         
,vilvorde1 ne> ,brussels4 ,( o!r p>ts ( 
! ,scriptures ,tyndale 0 able to publi% 
only ! ,p5tateu* 7#aecj or #aeca7 & !   
book ( ,jonah 7#aecd74 ,on ! six? day ( 
,octob]1 #aecf1 he 0 l$ to ! /ake4 ,he 0
 !re /rangl$ & 8 body burnt4  ,j twelve 
mon?s be=e ! m>tyrdom ( ,tyndale1 ! fir/
 pr9t$ edition ( ! entire ,scriptures 9 
! ,engli% language 0 issu$ f ! press (  
,jacob van ,met]51 at ,antw]p4 ,!       
privilege & hon\r ( accompli%+ ?is      
memorable "w belongs to ,miles          
,cov]dale1 at t "t a poor s*ol>1 dep5d5t
 ^u ! patronage ( ,?omas ,cromwell &    
o!rs1 ?\gh subsequ5tly1 = a %ort p]iod 9
 ! reign ( ,edw>d ,,vi41 ,bi%op (       
,exet]4 ,! fir/ edition ( 8 ,bible 0    
8prynt$ 9 ! ye> ( our ,"l ,,mdxxxv41 &  
fyni%$ ! f\r! day ( ,octob]40 ,cov]dale 
_h be5 mov$ to ! und]tak+ by 8 own deep 
s5se ( ! ne$s ( 8 c\ntry1 & by ! e>ne/  
appeals address$ to him by o!rs4 ,?r\gh 
8 mode/y ( disposition1 & 8 l[ly e/imate

 ( 8 own abilities1 he w\ld h decl9$ !  
task1 b ! urg5cy ( 8 fri5ds prevail$4 ,!
 exp5ses also ( ! prep>ation &          
publication ( ! "w 7 met by ! lib]ality 
( "s ( !m4 ,9 8 prologue he says1 8,x 0 
nei!r my lab\r nor desire to h ?is "w   
put 9 my h&2 nev]!less x griev$ me t o!r
 nations %\ld be m pl5te\sly provid$ = )
 ! ,scripture 9 _! "m tongue ?an we2    
!re=e1 :5 ,i 0 in/antly requir$1 ?\gh ,i
 c\ld n d z well z ,i w\ld1 ,i ?\ght x  
my duty to d my be/1 & t ) a good w20#ac
 & 9 ! d$ication to ! k+1 prefix$ to "s 
( ! copies1 he says1 8,z ! ,holy ,gho/  
mov$ o!r m5 to d ! co/ h]e(1 s 0 ,i     
bold5$ 9 ,god to lab\r 9 ! same40       
,accord+ to ! /atem5t on ! title-page   
?is 0 n a translation made f ! orig9al  
texts1#ad b 0 fai?fully & truly         
translat$ out ( ! 8,d\*e & ,latyn 9 to  
,engli%e40 ,9 ! d$ication he /ates t he 
_h1 8) a cle> consci5ce purely &        
fai?fully translat$ ?is out ( five      
sundry int]pret]s10 & 9 8 prologue he   
expla9s fur!r1 t to help him 9 8 "w he  

_h us$ 8sundry translations1 n only 9   
,lat91 b also ( ! ,dut* int]pret]s20 &  
he is c>eful1 fur!r1 to expla9 t he did 
n 8set =? ?is special translation0 8z a 
reprov] & despis] ( o!r m5's            
translations10 b 8l[ly & fai?fully h ,i 
foll[$ m9e int]pret]s1 & t "u           
correction40 ,! five int]pret]s to :om  
,cov]dale ?us ref]s 7 probably !        
,vulgate1 ! ,lat9 v]sion ( ,pagn9us1    
,lu!r's translation1 ! ,zuri* ,bible1 & 
,tyndale's ,new ,te/am5t & ,p5tateu*4   
,?\gh ! volume 0 d$icat$ to ! k+1 & ?\gh
 ,cov]dale 0 back$ by p[]ful patrons1   
?is ,bible 0 n publi%$ ) a royal lic5se4
 ,no direct attempt1 h[ev]1 0 made to   
suppress x4 ,9 ! foll[+ ye> 7#aecf7 x 0 
virtually condemn$ by ! memb]s (        
,convocation1 :o pray$ ! k+ t he w\ld   
8grant unto 8 subjects ( ! laity ! read+
 ( ! ,bible 9 ! ,engli% tongue1 & t a   
new translation ( x be made = t end &   
purpose40 ,b not)/&+ ?is two new        
editions ( ,cov]dale's ,bible 7 pr9t$ 9 
,london 9 #aecg1 & on ! title-page ( bo?

 ( ^! !re appe>$ ! words1 8,set =? ) !  
kynge's moo/ graci\s lic5ce40  ,9 ! same
 ye>1 #aecg1 & probably 9 ! e>li] "p (  
x1 !re 0 issu$ 9 ,london ano!r ,bible1  
:i* also bore ^u its title-page !       
inscription1 8,set =? ) ! k+e's mo/     
gracy\s lyc5ce40#ae ,?is ,bible1        
commonly kn[n z ,mat!w's ,bible1 01 x is
 n[ g5]ally believ$1 prep>$ = ! press by
 ,john ,rog]s1 :o suff]$ m>tyrdom at    
,smi?field1 "u ! ,m>ian p]secution4 ,9 !
 ,new ,te/am5t & ,p5tateu* he agrees    
sub/antially ) ,tyndale's v]sion4 ,( !  
o!r books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 a portion  
is obvi\sly tak5 f ,cov]dale1 ! rema9+  
"p1 ,jo%ua to ,*ronicles1 has be5 ?\ght 
) good reason to be ! "w ( ,tyndale4 ,x 
is kn[n t ,tyndale1 aft] ! publication (
 8 ,p5tateu*1 cont9u$ to lab\r at !     
translation ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,9 a     
lett] writt5 dur+ 8 imprisonm5t he prays
 to be all[$ to h 8 ,hebrew ,bible1 & 8 
,hebrew gramm> & diction>y2 & x is by no
 means unlikely t ! results ( 8 /udies 7
 committ$ to ! c>e ( ,rog]s4 ,if ?is    

surmise be correct1 !n ?is ,bible may be
 view$ z a compilation1 two-?irds ( x   
be+ due to ,tyndale1 & "o-?ird to       
,cov]dale4 ,a suffici5t reason = !      
adoption ( ! assum$ "n ( ,?omas ,mat!w  
is ?us suppli$1 s9ce ,rog]s c\ld n claim
 ! "w z 8 own1 & ,tyndale's "n w\ld h   
array$ aga9/ x ! opposition bo? ( ! k+ &
 ( ! ,romi% p>ty4  ,bo? ( ! la/ m5tion$ 
,bibles 7 op5 to c]ta9 obvi\s           
objections4 ,cov]dale's1 9 t x 0 d]iv$ f
 ,g]man & ,lat9 v]sions2 & ,mat!w's1 9 t
 x 0 9 "p only made f ! orig9al texts4  
,mat!w's also 0 accompani$ by a         
consid]able numb] ( critical &          
explanatory notes1 _m ( :i* 7 ( a decid$
 anti-papal ca/4 ,accord+ly1 at !       
in/igation & "u ! patronage ( ,?omas    
,cromwell1 ,cov]dale set himself to     
revise 8 =m] "w ) ! aid ( ! valuable    
contribution suppli$ to him 9 ,mat!w's  
,bible4 ,! pr9t+ ( ?is new ,bible 0     
complet$ 9 ,april1 #aeci1 & f !         
circum/ance t x 0 pr9t$ 9 ! l>ge/ folio 
!n us$1 #ae in*es by #i1 x 01 & is1     

commonly describ$ z ! ,great ,bible4 ,9 
! title-page x is decl>$ to be 8truly   
translat$1 aft] ! v]yte ( ! ,hebrue &   
,greke textes by ye dylyg5t /udye (     
dyu]se excell5t le>n$ m51 exp]t 9 !     
=sayde tonges40#af ,by ?is1 x is n[     
tol]ably c]ta91 we are to und]/&1 n t   
sev]al liv+ s*ol>s took "p ) ,cov]dale 9
 ! prep>ation ( ! volume1 b t he avail$ 
himself ( ! publi%$ writ+s ( m5 skill$ 9
 ! anci5t languages1 :o _h translat$ &  
exp\nd$ ! ,hebrew & ,greek texts ( !    
,scriptures4 ,8 *ief guides 7 ,seba/ian 
,mun/] = ! ,old ,te/am5t1 & ,erasmus = !
 ,new4 ,! ,bible appe>$ )\t notes1 & _h 
no d$ication4#ag  ,9 ! same ye> 7#aeci7 
!re appe>$ also ! ,bible#ah edit$ by    
,ri*>d ,tav]n]1 =m]ly ( ,c>d9al ,college
 7n[ ,*ri/ ,*ur*71 ,ox=d1 aft]w>ds ( !  
,inn] ,temple1 & m rec5tly ,cl]k ( !    
,signet to ! ,k+4#ai ,x may be briefly  
describ$ z a revis$ edition ( ,mat!w's  
,bible4 ,tav]n] _h "s reputation z a    
,greek s*ol>1 b 8 "w is v unequally     
execut$1 & be=e ! =midable competition (

 ! ,great ,bible x soon sank into       
obscurity4 ,aft] its fir/ ye> ( issue   
?is ,bible seems to h be5 only once     
repr9t$ 9 its entirety2 namely1 9       
#aedi4bj  ,n cont5t ) :at he _h already 
done1 ,cov]dale p]sev]$ 9 ! revision &  
re-revision ( 8 "w4 ,a second edition 0 
issu$ 9 ,april1 #aedj1 to :i* 0 prefix$ 
a prologue by ,cranm]1#ba & its title   
conta9$ ! words1 8,?is is ! ,byble      
apoynt$ to ! use ( ! *ur*es40 ,two o!r  
editions appe>$ 9 ! same ye>1 & ?ree 9 !
 foll[+ ye>4#bb 7,! edition ( ,april1   
#aedj1 seems1 h[ev]1 to h be5 reg>d$ z a
 sort ( /&>d edition47 ,?is ,bible 0 !  
,bible read 9 *ur*es 9 ! reign ( ,edw>d 
,,vi41 & 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! reign (        
,elizabe?4  ,h5ce x w be se5 t ( ! f\r  
pr9cipal ,bibles publi%$ 9 ! reign (    
,h5ry ,,viii41 namely1 ,tyndale's ,new  
,te/am5t & ,p5tateu*1 ,cov]dale's       
,bible1 ,mat!w's ,bible1 & ! ,great     
,bible1 ! la/ ?ree =m a gr\p ( closely  
relat$ v]sions1 ( :i* ,tyndale's is !   
common p>5t1 & ! re/ successively d]iv$ 

!refrom4 ,& x is v notewor?y t ^!       
,bibles are ma9ly ! result ( ! pati5t & 
devot$ lab\rs ( two m5 only4 ,! "w done 
by su* m5 z ,rog]s & ,tav]n]1 h[ev]     
important1 is altoge!r ( a subord9ate   
k9d4 ,william ,tyndale & ,miles         
,cov]dale /& ap>t1 & above all o!rs1 z !
 m5 :o1 9 ^? days ( religi\s awak5+ & ( 
conflict ) ! papal tyranny1 gave !      
,bible to our c\ntrym5 9 a =m t c\ld    
rea* at once _! und]/&+ & _! he>t4      
,rememb]+ ?is1 & rememb]+ also 9 :at    
difficult circum/ances ! "w 0 done1 !   
wond] is f> less t room 0 left =        
improvem5t1 & t fur!r revision 0 felt by
 !mselves & o!rs to be an imp]ative     
duty1 ?an t s mu* 0 accompli%$1 & s     
well1 by ! indomitable & self-d5y+      
lab\rs ( ^! noble m54     ,,lecture     
,,iii4  ,,! ,,fur!r ,,gr[? ,,( ,,!      
,,engli% ,,bible4   ,! accession (      
,elizabe?1 ,novemb] #ag?1 #aeeh1        
conv5i5tly m>ks ! date ( a f\r? /age 9 !
 gr[? ( ! ,engli% ,bible4 ,! =m]        
translations & revisions _h be5 done 9  

tr\bl\s times1 9 ! mid/ ( h>ass+        
opposition1 & "u circum/ances :i* =bade 
! full use ( su* aids z ! s*ol>%ip ( !  
times c\ld furni%4 ,! v]sions n[ to be  
m5tion$ 7 c>ri$ on 9 op5 day1 & ) free  
access to all t 0 !n available = !      
correction & explanation ( ! orig9al    
texts4         99       99       99     
99       99  ,among/ ! _m e>ne/ m5 driv5
 into exile by ! ,m>ian p]secution 0    
,william ,:itt+ham1 "s "t ,fell[ ( ,all 
,s\ls'1 ,ox=d1 & subsequ5tly ,dean (    
,durham4#bc ,along ) o!rs he f\nd a     
refuge1 fir/ at ,frank=t1 & aft]w>ds at 
,g5eva4 ,on ! #aj? day ( ,june1 #aeeg1  
!re 0 publi%$1 9 ! la/ m5tion$ city1 a  
small volume1 #afmo1 entitl$ 8,! ,newe  
,te/am5t ( our ,"l ,jesus ,*ri/4        
,conf]r$ dilig5tly ) ! ,greke1 & be/    
approv$ translations4 ,) ! argum5ts     
aswel be=e ! *apt]s1 z = e ,boke &      
,epi/le1 also div]sities ( read+s1 &    
mo/e pr(fitable annotations ( all h>de  
places2 :]eunto is add$ a copi\s        
,table40 ,?is translation1 !re is reason

 to believe1 0 ! "w ( ,:itt+ham alone4  
,x may be not$1 9 pass+1 t x 0 ! fir/   
,engli% ,new ,te/am5t :i* conta9$ ! n[  
famili> division into v]ses1 & ! fir/   
also to indicate by italics ! words add$
 by ! translator 9 ord] to convey m     
fully or m cle>ly ! s5se ( ! orig9al4   
,?ree ye>s aft]w>ds 7#aefj7 !re 0       
publi%$ 9 ! same city1 8,! ,bible &     
,holy ,scriptures conteyn$ 9 ! ,olde &  
,newe ,te/am5t4 ,translat$ accord+ to ! 
,ebrue & ,greeke1 & conf]r$ ) ! be/     
translations 9 div]s languages4 ,) mo/e 
pr(itable annotations ^u all ! h>d      
places1 & o!r ?+s ( great importance z  
may appe>e 9 ! epi/le to ! read]40 ,?is 
is ! celebrat$ ,g5evan v]sion1 :i* =    
ne>ly a c5tury onw>d 0 ! =m ( ,bible mo/
 l>gely circulat$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x      
diff]$ 9 sev]al respects f its          
pr$ecessors4 ,x 0 a conv5i5t qu>to      
in/ead ( a cumbr\s folio4 ,x 0 pr9t$ 9  
,roman lett]s in/ead ( ! heavy ,go?ic or
 black lett]s4 ,x m>k$ by a diff]5t type
 all words ins]t$ = ! completion ( !    

s5se1 & ! *apt]s 7 divid$ into v]ses4 ,b
 :at 0 ( m importance1 x 01 z /at$ 9 !  
title1 comp>$ ?r\gh\t ) ! orig9al texts4
 ,bo? 9 ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5ts x l>gely
 reproduces ! words ( ,tyndale4         
,sometimes x gives a pref]5ce to !      
v]sion ( ,cov]dale2 b (t5 x dep>ts f bo?
 9 ord] to give a m exact r5d]+ ( !     
,hebrew or ! ,greek4 ,x seems t sev]al (
 ! ,g5evan refugees consecrat$ _! en=c$ 
leisure to 8?is great & wond]ful "w10 z 
!y ju/ly t]m x1 mov$ !reto by ! tw(old  
consid]ation t1 ow+ to 8imp]fect k ( !  
tongues10 ! previ\s 8translations       
requir$ greatly to be p]us$ & re=m$10 & 
t 8great opportunities & occasions0 =   
do+ ?is "w 7 pres5t$ to !m 9 ! 8s _m    
godly & le>n$ m50 into ^: society !y _h 
n[ be5 br\ght4  ,! names ( ,miles       
,cov]dale1 ,*ri/oph] ,goodman1 ,an?ony  
,gilby1 ,?omas ,sampson1 ,william ,cole1
 & ,william ,:itt+ham are giv5 z ^? :o1 
) "s o!rs1 jo9$ 9 ?is und]tak+4 ,on !   
accession ( ,elizabe? mo/ ( ! exiles    
return$ home1 convey+ ) !m1 =           

pres5tation to ! ,que51 ! ,book (       
,psalms z a specim5 ( ! "w on :i* !y 7  
engag$4#bd  ,witt+ham only1 ) "o or two 
o!rs1 rema9$ beh9d = a ye> & a half 9   
ord] to complete ! "w4 ,accord+ to !    
/atem5t giv5 9 ! address to ! read]1 !  
entire p]iod sp5t ^u ! prep>ation ( ?is 
v]sion 0 a little m ?an two ye>s4 ,x w  
h5ce be se5 t :atev] may h be5 ! "p tak5
 9 ! "w by ,cov]dale & o!rs1 by f> !    
*ief %>e 9 x devolv$ ^u ,:itt+ham & ! "o
 or two ref]r$ to1 :o 7 probably ,gilby 
& ,sampson4 ,h[ weighty 0 ! obligation  
:i* 9 ! view ( ^! self-d5y+ m5 re/$ ^u  
!m to give ! ^w ( ,god to _! c\ntry 9 ! 
=m t w\ld be/ & mo/ truly pres5t x1 & ) 
:at rev]5t c>e !y lab\r$ to atta9 unto  
?is1 is %[n by ! fact t al?\gh ,:itt+ham
 _h s rec5tly publi%$ 8 v]sion ( ! ,new 
,te/am5t1 he is n cont5t ) a simple     
reproduction ( ?is1 b subjects x to a   
?or\gh & v c>eful revision4 ,a comp>ison
 ( ! introduction to ,luke's gospel z x 
appe>s 9 ! ,g5evan ,bible ( #aefj ) !   
same passage 9 ,:itt+ham's v]sion (     

#aeeg w help our read]s 9 "s measure to 
realize ! nature & ext5t ( ?is revision4
  ,9 ! e>li] v]sion ! passages read ?us3
      8,= asmu* z _m h tak5 9 h& to     
write ! hi/orie ( ^?     ?ynges1 :]( we 
are fully c]tifi$1 ev5 z !y decl>$ !m   
unto u1 :i* f ye begynnyng saw !m _!    
selves1 & 7     m9i/]s at ! doyng3 ,x   
seem$ good also to me 7mo/e noble       
,!ophilus7 z sone z ,i _h le>n$ p]fectly
 all ?ynges f !     beg9nyng1 to wryte  
unto !e !r( f poynt to poynt3 ,t ?\     
mighte/ ackn[lage ! true? ( ^? ?+es :]e 
9 ?\ ha/     b5e broght up40  ,9 !      
v]sion ( #aefj ! same passage is giv5   
?us3      8,= z mu* z _m h tak5 9 h&e to
 set foor? ! /orie (     ^? ?+es :]e( we
 are fully p]suad$4 ,z !y h deliv]$     
!m unto u1 :i* f ! beg9n+ saw !m        
!irselves1 & 7     m9i/]s ( ! worde1 ,x 
seem$ good also to me 7mo/ noble        
,!ophilus71 z sone z ,i _h se>*$ out    
p]fectly all ?+s f     ! beg9nyng1 to   
write unto !e !re( f po9t to po9t1 ,t   
?\ mighte/ ackn[l$ge ! c]ta9tie ( ^!    

?+s1 :]e( ?\     ha/ b5e in/ruct$40  ,x 
w be se5 t 9 ?is %ort passage ! *anges  
made f ! e>li] =m ( ! "w are z _m z t5 9
 numb]4 ,z ?is1 h[ev]1 may be deem$ a   
some:at exceptional passage1 let u take 
an ord9>y *apt] 9 ! ,gospels1 pres5t+ no
 special difficulty1 z = in/ance ,matt4 
xvii4 ,a collation ( ! two v]sions w %[ 
t 9 ?is *apt] ( tw5ty-sev5 v]ses !      
revision ( #aefj dep>ts f ,:itt+ham's   
e>li] "w 9 no few] ?an =ty places4#be   
,?us p]sev]+ 0 ! endeav\r ( ^! fai?ful  
m5 to d _! v be/1 & ) :at success may to
 "s ext5t be se5 9 ! fact t ( ^! =ty    
*anges tw5ty-six 7 confirm$ 9 aft] ye>s 
by ! judgm5t ( ,k+ ,james' translators4 
8,s e>ne/ly10 says ,/rype#bf 9 8 ,life (
 ,ar*bi%op ,p>k]1 8did ! p ( ! nation   
?ir/ 9 ^? days aft] ! k ( ! ,scriptures1
 t t fir/ impression 0 soon sold (f40 ,s
 e>ne/ly also did ! translators seek to 
p]fect _! "w1 t ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,m>*1   
#aefe1 !y _h f9i%$ a c>eful review &    
correction ( _! translation 9 prep>+ = a
 fre% issue4  ,popul> z 0 ! ,g5evan     

,bible among/ ! mass ( ! ,engli% p1 !   
decid$ly puritanic ca/ ( its annotations
 /ood 9 ! way ( its univ]sal acceptance1
 :ile its manife/ sup]iority z a        
translation to ! ,great ,bible made x   
almo/ an impossibility t ! latt] c\ld be
 ma9ta9$ 9 its place ( pre-em95ce z !   
,bible appo9t$ by au?ority to be read 9 
*ur*es4 ,/eps 7 accord+ly tak5 by ,mat!w
 ,p>k]1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury1 to      
prep>e a ,bible1 by ! aid ( 8div]se     
le>n$ fell[-bi%ops10 t w\ld accord ) !  
ecclesia/ical sympa?ies ( ! p>ty to :i* 
he belong$4#bg ,he di/ribut$ portions to
 twelve ( 8 episcopal bre?r51 & to o!r  
,*ur* dignit>ies2#bh "o portion he took 
"u 8 own *>ge4 ,! complet$ "w 0 pres5t$ 
to ,elizabe? )9 a few weeks ( !         
completion ( ! t5? ye> ( h] reign1      
,octob] #e?1 #aefh4  ,! rules laid d[n  
by ,p>k] = ! guidance ( 8 colleagues 7  
^!3 #a4 8,to foll[ ! common ,engli%     
translation us$ 9 ! *ur*es1 & n to rec$e
 f x b :]e x v>ie? manife/ly f ! ,hebrew
 or ,greek orig9al4 #b4 ,to use sections

 & divisions 9 ! texts z ,pagn9e#bi 9 8 
translation use?2 & = ! v]ity ( !       
,hebrew1 to foll[ ! said ,pagn9e &      
,mun/] specially1 & g5]ally o!rs le>n$ 9
 ! tongues4 #c4 ,to make no bitt] notes 
^u any text1 or yet to set d[n any      
det]m9ation 9 places ( controv]sy4 #d4  
,to note su* *apt]s & places z conta9   
matt] ( g5ealogies1 or o!r su* places n 
edify+1 ) "s /rike or note1 t ! read]   
may es*ew !m 9 8 public read+4 #e4 ,t   
all su* words z s\nd 9 ! old translation
 to any (f5ce ( lightness or obsc5ity be
 express$ ) m conv5i5t t]ms & phrases40 
,f ! fir/ ( ^! rules x is cle> t ! "w !n
 und]tak5 0 int5d$ to be a revision ( ! 
,great ,bible4 ,"s ( ! revis]s seem to h
 obs]v$ ?is rule 9 a mo/ rigid mann]1 & 
h foll[$ ! ,great ,bible s closely z to 
reta9 its words1 ev5 9 places :i* _h be5
 m correctly r5d]$ 9 ! ,g5evan4 ,!re    
appe>s to h be5 no co-op]ative action on
 ! "p ( ! sev]al revis]s1 & to ?is cause
 we may attribute mu* ( ! irregul>ity t 
atta*es to ! execution ( _! "w4 ,9 _m   

respects !y laid !mselves op5 to adv]se 
criticism1 & a pap] 0 s5t to ,p>k] by   
,?omas ,lawr5ce1 ,head ,ma/] (          
,%rewsbury ,s*ool1 & an em95t ,greek    
s*ol>1 entitl$1 ,notes ( ,errors 9 !    
,translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t out ( !  
,greek4#cj ,he po9ts out fifte5 passages
 9 :i* ! words are n 8aptlye translat$10
 eight 9 :i* 8words & pieces ( s5t5ces0 
are 8omytt$10 two 9 :i* sup]flu\s words 
are ins]t$1 two 9 :i*1 ow+ to           
mi/ranslation1 an 8error 9 doctr9e0 is  
involv$1 & two 9 :i* ! moods & t5ses (  
v]bs are *ang$4 ,^! passages1 except "o 
f ! ,colossians1 are all tak5 f !       
,gospels2 & we may h5ce n unreasonably  
inf] t ! writ] int5d$ ! passages nam$ to
 be reg>d$1 n z an exhau/ive li/1 b z   
illu/rations simply ( ! k9d ( defects   
:i* call$ = correction4 ,mov$1 z w\ld   
seem1 by ^! criticisms1 ,p>k] set on    
foot a revision ( 8 =m] volume2 & 9     
#aegb ?is ,bible 01 z 8 biograph]       
expresses x1#ca 8a second "t by 8 means0
 8pr9t$ ) ,corrections & ,am5dm5ts & o!r

 improvem5ts1 m ?an ! =m] ,editions40   
,al?\gh ?is ,bible receiv$ ! sanction ( 
,convocation1 & e ,ar*bi%op & ,bi%op 0  
ord]$ to h a copy 9 8 hall or d9+-room =
 ! use ( 8 s]vants & ( /rang]s2 & al?\gh
 "s editions be> on _! title-page !     
words1 8,set =? by ,auc?oritie0 7mean+  
!reby ! au?ority ( ,convocation71 x nev]
 came into any?+ l g5]al use1 nor did x 
ev5 e/abli% itself z ! ,bible           
exclusively read 9 *ur*es4 ,! ,g5evan   
,bible 0 /ill us$ by _m ( ! cl]gy 9 _!  
s]mons & 9 _! publi%$ works2 & 9 #aehg1 
?\gh n9ete5 ye>s _h !n pass$ s9ce its   
fir/ publication1 we f9d ,ar*bi%op      
,:itgift compla9+ t div]s p>i% *ur*es & 
*apels ( ease _h ei!r no ,bible at all1 
or ^? only :i* 7 n ( ! translation      
au?oriz$ by ! ,synods ( ,bi%ops4 ,betwe5
 #aefh1 :5 ?is ,bible 0 fir/ publi%$1 & 
#afjh1 :5 ! la/ ,new ,te/am5t ( ?is     
v]sion 0 issu$1 !re 7 s5t =? altoge!r   
tw5ty editions ( ! ,bi%ops' ,bible &    
elev5 ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,9 ! same p]iod
 !re 7 publi%$ sev5ty-n9e editions ( !  

,g5evan ,bible1 & ?irty ( ! ,g5evan ,new
 ,te/am5t4#cb  ,besides ! ,g5evan & !   
,bi%ops'1 ano!r ,bible made its         
appe>ance 7s f>1 at lea/1 z ! ,new      
,te/am5t 0 conc]n$7 9 ! reign (         
,elizabe?4 ,9 ! ye> #aehb !re 0 pr9t$ at
 ,rheims a translation ( ! ,new         
,te/am5t1#cc made by c]ta9 s*ol>s       
connect$ ) ! ,engli% sem9>y = ! tra9+ ( 
,ca?olic prie/s1 =m]ly e/abli%$ at      
,d\ai1 9 ,fl&]s4 ,! translators1 9 _!   
preface1 c&idly confess t !y did n      
publi% f any conviction 8t ! ,holy      
,scriptures %\ld alwaies be 9 our "m    
tonge10 or t !y ought 8to be read       
indiff]5tly ( all10 b because !y _h     
compassion to see _! 8belov$ c\ntrie m5 
) extreme dang] ( _! s\les1 to use only 
su* prophane translations20 viz41 z !   
,prote/ant ,bibles previ\sly ref]r$ to1 
8& errone\s m5's m]e phantasies1 = !    
pure & belov$ ^w ( tru?20 & because1    
also1 !y 7 8mov$ !reunto by ! desires ( 
_m dev\t p]sons10 & :om !y hop$ to      
induce to lay aside ! 8impure v]sions0  

!y _h hi!rto be5 compell$ to employ4 ,q 
ap>t f ! polemical purpose ?us di/9ctly 
av[$1 ?is translation 0 a retrograde    
movem5t4 ,x did n pr(ess to translate ! 
orig9al texts1 b only ! 8vulg> ,lat920 &
 ! translators ju/ify _! proc$ure by ?is
 plea1 among/ o!rs1 t 8! holy ,c\ncil ( 
,tr5t 444 ha? decl>$ & def9$ ?is onely (
 al o!r ,lat9 translations to be        
au!ntical1 & s onely to be us$ & tak5 9 
publike lessons1 disputations1 prea*+s1 
& expositions1 & t no man presume ^u any
 pret5ce to reject or refuse ! same40   
,9 ! accompli%m5t ( _! "w ! ,rhemi%     
translators h v fai?fully obs]v$ ! rule 
:i* !y laid d[n = !mselves1 to be 8v    
precise & religi\s 9 fol[+ our copie1 ! 
old vulg> approv$ ,lat92 n only 9 s5se  
444 b sometime 9 ! v wordes also1 &     
phrases20 t is to say1 !y h giv5 a v    
lit]al & exact translation ( ! ,vulgate1
 9 _m p>ts extremely ,lat9iz$ 9 its     
diction4 ,a consid]able numb] ( words !y
 virtually left untranslat$1 boldly     
v5tur+ to transf] ! unfamili>1 & 9 _m   

cases un9telligible1 vocables into _!   
,engli% text4 ,"s ( ^! ,lat9iz$ words h 
obta9$ a p]man5t place 9 our language1 b
 ! l>g] numb] h fail$ to comm5d         
!mselves4#cd  ,su* !n 7 ! *ief =ms ?r\gh
 :i*1 at ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 !  
,engli% ,bible _h pass$4 ,! dev\t &     
e>ne/ s*ol>s :o f "t to "t s\ght to 8op5
 ! ,scriptures0 to _! fell[-c\ntrym5 7 =
 ! mo/ "p mov$ by a burn+ desire to give
 to ,god ( _! v be/4 ,!y grudg$ no lab\r
 to r5d] _! "w m complete4 ,!y all[$ no 
_s ( self-satisfaction to bl9d !m to a  
p]ception ( defects4 ,!y 7 too humble & 
too well conv9c$ ( ! greatness &        
manifoldness ( _! "w to fancy t !y _h   
rea*$ p]fection1 b 7 p]sev]+ & self-d5y+
 9 _! endeav\rs to atta9 unto x4 ,& !y h
 left beh9d !m = u to foll[ a noble     
example ( pati5t cont9uance 9 well do+4 
,h[ 9 _! h&s ! ,engli% ,bible has gr[n1 
f ! fir/ attempt to set x =? 9 !        
language ( our c\ntry to ! =m 9 :i* we  
are mo/ famili> ) x1 c be fully le>nt   
only by a c>eful comp>ison ( !          

successive revisions to :i* x has be5   
subject$4 ,to aid my read]s 9 =m+ "s    
approximate idea ( x ,i app5d ,psalm    
xxiii41 z x appe>s 9 ! pr9cipal ,bibles 
:i* h be5 m5tion$ 9 ?is & ! prec$+      
lecture4   #a4 ,,wycliffe',s1 #achb4 787
  ,! ,"l g\]ne? me1 & no ?+ to me %al   
lacke2 9 ! place ( leswe#ce :]e he me   
ful sette4 ,ou] watir ( fulfill+ he     
nur%ide me2 my s\le he conu]tide4 ,he   
brote d\n me ^u ! /ies ( ritwisnesse2 = 
8 "n4 ,= :i & if ,i %al g 9 ! myddel ( !
 %adewe ( de?2 ,i %al n dr$5 euelis1 =  
?\ art ) me4 ,?i erde & ?i /af2 ?o han  
con=tid me4 ,?\ ha/ maad r$i 9 ?i site a
 bord2 aen hem t trublyn me4 ,?\ ha/    
my*e fattid 9 oile myn h$2 & my *alis   
mak5de ful drunk51 h\ rit cl] x is4 ,&  
?i m]cy %al vnd]folewe me2 alle ! dais (
 my lif4 ,& t ,i dwelle 9 ! h\s ( ! ,"l2
 9 to ! l5g! ( dais4   #b4 ,,purvey',s1 
#achh4 787  ,! ,"l g\]ne? me1 & no ?+   
s*al faile to me2 9 ! place ( pa/ure !re
 he ha? set me4 ,he nurs*ide me on !    
watir ( refreis*yng2 he conu]tide my    

s\le4 ,he l$de me =? on ! pa?is (       
ritfulnesse2 = 8 "n4 ,= :i ?\ ,y s*al g 
9 ! myddis ( s*adewe ( dee?2 ,y s*al n  
dr$e yuels1 = ?\ art ) me4 ,?i erde & ?i
 /af2 ?o han c\m=tid me4 ,?\ ha/ maad   
r$i a boord 9 my siyt2 aens hem t trobl5
 me4 ,?\ ha/ maad fat myn he$ ) oyle2 & 
my cuppe1 fill+e greetli1 is ful cle]4  
,& ?i m]ci s*al sue me2 9 alle ! daies (
 my lijf4 ,& t ,y dwelle 9 ! h[s ( !    
,"l2 9 to ! l5g! ( daies4   #c4         
,,cov]dale',s1 #aece4  ,! ,lorde is my  
%eph]de1 ,i c want no?+e4 ,he f$e? me 9 
a gre5e pa/ure2 & l$e? me to a fre%     
wat]4 ,he quick5e? my s\le1 & br+e? me  
=? 9 ! waye ( rightu\sness = 8 "n's     
sake4 ,?\gh ,i %ulde walke n[ 9 ! valley
 ( ! %ad[e ( dea?1 yet ,i fe>e no euell1
 = ?\ art ) me2 ?y /affe & ?y %epehoke  
com=te me4 ,?\ prep>e/ a table be=e me  
agayn/ m9e enemies2 ?\ anoynte/ my heade
 ) oyle1 & fylle/ my cuppe full4 ,oh let
 ?y l\y+ kyndnes & m]cy fol[e me all !  
dayes (f my life t ,i maye dwell 9 !    
h\se (f ! ,"l = eu]4   #d4 ,,great      

,,bible1 #aeci4  ,! ,lorde is my        
%eph]de1 !re=e c ,i lacke no?+4 ,he %al 
f$e me 9 a gr5e pa/ure & lead me =?     
besyde ! wat]s ( c=te4 ,he %al conu]te  
my s\le & br+ me =? 9 ! pa!s (          
righte\snes = 8 "n's sake4 ,yea1 ?\gh ,i
 walke ?or[ ye valleye ( ye %ad[ ( dea?1
 ,i wyl fe>e no euell1 = ?\ art wt me3  
?y rod & ?y /aff con=t me4  ,?\ %alt    
prep>e a table be=e me1 agayn/ !m t     
tr\ble me3 ?\ ha/ anno9t$ my head wt    
oyle1 & my cup %al be ful4 ,b 7?y7 l\+  
kyndnes & m]cy %al fol[e me all ! dayes 
( my lyfe3 & ,i wyll dwel 9 ! h\se ( !  
,"l = eu]4   #e4 ,,g5evan1 #aefj4  #a4  
,! ,"l is my %ephe>d1 ,i %all n want4   
#b4 ,hee make? mee to re/ 9 gre5e       
pa/ure1 & leade? me by ! /ill wat]s4    
#c4 ,he re/ore? my s\le1 & leade? me 9 !
 pa?s ( righte\snesse = 8 ,names sake4  
#d4 ,yea1 ?\gh ,i %\ld walke ?r\gh !    
valley ( ! %ad[ ( dea?1 ,i w fe>e no    
euill1 = ?\ art ) me3 ?y rodde & ?y     
/affe1 !y com=t me4  #e4 ,?\ doe/ prep>e
 a table be=e me 9 ! sight ( m9e        

adv]s>ies3 ?\ doe/ anoynt m9e head )    
oyle1 & my cup runne? ov]4  #f4         
,d\btlesse k9dnesse & m]cy %all foll[   
mee all ! dayes ( my life1 & ,i %all    
rema9e a long season 9 ! h\se ( ! ,"l4  
#f4 ,,bi%ops1 #aefh4  #a4 ,god is my    
%ephe>de1 !re=e ,i c lacke no?yng3 he   
wyll cause me to repose myselfe 9 pa/ure
 full ( grasse1 & he wyll leade me vnto 
calme wat]s4  #b4 ,he wyll conu]te my   
s\le2 he wyll br+ me foor? into ! pa!s (
 righte\snesse = 8 "n sake4  #c4 ,yea1  
?\gh ,i walke ?r\gh ! valley ( ! %ad[e (
 dea?1 ,i wyll fe>e no euyll2 = ?\ art )
 me1 ?y rodde & ?y /affe be ! ?ynges t d
 com=t me4  #d4 ,?\ wylt prep>e a table 
be=e me 9 ! pres5ce ( myne adu]s>ies2 ?\
 has annoynt$ my head ) oyle1 & my cup  
%albe brymme full4  #e4 ,truely         
felicitie & m]cie %al fol[e me all !    
dayes ( my lyfe3 & ,i wyll dwell 9 !    
h\se ( ,god = a long tyme4   #g4 ,,d\ai1
 #afaj4  #a4 ,! ,psalme ( ,dauid4  #b4  
,our ,"l rule? "o1 & no?+ %al be want+  
to me3 9 place ( pa/ure !re he ha? plac$

 me4  #c4 ,^u ! wat] ( refection he ha? 
br\ght me vp3 he ha? conu]t$ my s\le4   
,he ha? conduct$ me ^u ! pa!s ( iu/ice =
 8 "n4  #d4 ,=1 al?\gh ,i %al walke 9 ! 
middes ( ! %ad[ ( dea?1 ,i w n fe>e     
euils3 because ?\ art ) me1 ,?y rod & ?y
 /affe1 !y haue com=t$ me4  #e4 ,?\ ha/ 
prep>$ 9 my sight a table1 aga9/ !m2 t  
truble me4  ,?\ ha/ fatt$ my head )     
oyle2 & my *alice inebriat+ h[ goodlie  
is x6  #f4 ,& ?y m]cie %al fol[ me al ! 
dayes ( my life2 ,& t ,i may dwel 9 !   
h\se ( our ,"l1 9 longitude ( dayes4    
,,lecture ,,iv4  ,,! ,,revision ,,(     
#afaa--,,! ,,s-,,call$ ,,au?oriz$       
,,v]sion4   ,at ! accession ( ,james ,i4
 ! ,,g5evan ,,bible & ! ,,bi%ops'       
,,bible 71 z we h se51 ! ,bibles 9      
curr5t use1 ! latt] be+ ! ,bible upheld 
by ecclesia/ical au?ority1 ! =m] !      
fav\rite ,bible ( ! p at l>ge4 ,! ,book 
( ,psalms also 9 ! v]sion ( ! ,great    
,bible surviv$1 z x /ill does1 9 !      
psalt] ( ! ,pray] ,book1 & probably 9 "s
 few p>i% *ur*es old & worn copies ( !  

,great ,bible /ill ma9ta9$ _! place4  ,!
 /ate ( religi\s p>ties at t date r5d]$ 
x almo/ an impossibility t ei!r ( ! two 
fir/-nam$ v]sions %\ld become univ]sally
 accept$4 ,! close connection ( !       
,g5evan ,bible ) ! ,puritan p>ty1 & !   
decid$ly puritanic ca/ ( "s ( its notes1
 creat$ an insup]able prejudice aga9/ x 
9 ! m9ds ( ! m zeal\s advocates (       
,episcopal au?ority2 :ile !             
inf]iority#cf ( ! ,bi%ops' ,bible z a   
v]sion effectually b>r$ its claim to an 
exclusive use4 ,! ne$1 !n1 = a new      
v]sion 0 obvi\s1 & a desire = x 0       
probably felt by _m ( all p>ties4       
,public expression 0 fir/ giv5 to ?is   
desire on ! second day ( ! ,hampton     
,c\rt ,conf]5ce1 ,janu>y #af1 #afjd1 by 
,dr4 ,john ,ra9olds1#cg ! lead+         
repres5tative ( ! ,puritans 9 t         
assembly4 ,x 0 n br\ght =w>d z "o ( !   
matt]s :i* he _h be5 deput$ to lay be=e 
! ,conf]5ce2 x seems r to h be5 m5tion$ 
by him incid5tally 9 connection ) c]ta9 
sugge/$ re=ms 9 ! ,pray] ,book4 8,he    

mov$ 8 ,maje/y t !re might be a new     
translation ( ! ,bible1 because ^? :i* 7
 all[$ 9 ! reign ( ,k+ ,h5ry ,,viii4 &  
,edw>d ,,vi4 7 corrupt1 & n answ]able to
 ! ,tru? ( ! ,orig9al10#ch ref]r+ 9     
illu/ration to ! r5d]+s giv5 ( ,gal4 iv4
 #be1ci ,ps4 cv4 #bh1dj & ,ps4 cvi4     
#cj4da ,x is some:at curi\s t no direct 
ref]5ce 0 made to ! ,bi%ops' ,bible2 !  
reason1 probably1 0 t ?is ,bible 0 n "o 
( ^? :i* _h be5 8all[$0 by royal        
au?ority4 ,( ! ?ree mi/ranslations quot$
 by ,ra9olds1 ! fir/ only is f\nd 9 !   
,bi%ops' ,bible2 ! o!r two occur 9 !    
,pray] ,book ,psalt]4  ,! sugge/ion (   
,ra9olds met ) no opposition4 ,! k+     
himself express$ 8 approval ( x1 n1     
h[ev]1 )\t an ignorant & dis+5u\s fl+ at
 ! ,g5evan v]sion2 & 8pres5tly aft]10   
say ! translators 9 _! preface1 ! k+    
8gave ord] = ?is translation0 to be     
made4 ,9 ! c\rse ( a few mon?s a s*eme =
 ! execution ( ! "w 0 matur$1 & 9 a     
lett] to ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,bancr(t1 !n ,bi%op
 ( ,london1 ! k+ in=m$ him t he _h      

appo9t$ fifty-f\r le>n$ m5 to und]take !
 translation4 ,he ev5 seems to h        
contemplat$ ! possibility ( secur+ !    
co-op]ation ( all ! biblical s*ol>s ( ! 
c\ntry2 & 9 a lett] to ,bancr(t1 dat$   
,july #bb1 #afjd1 direct$ him 8to move !
 bi%ops to in=m !mselves ( all su* le>n$
 m5 )9 _! sev]al dioceses z1 hav+       
especial skill 9 ! ,hebrew & ,greek     
tongues1 h tak5 pa9s 9 _! private /udies
 ( ! ,scriptures = ! cle>+ ( any        
obscurities1 ei!r 9 ! ,hebrew or !      
,greek1 or t\*+ any difficulties1 or    
mi/ak+s 9 ! =m] ,engli% translation1 :i*
 we h n[ comm&$ to be ?or\ghly view$ &  
am5d$2 & !reupon to write unto !m1      
e>ne/ly *>g+ !m1 & signify+ our pleasure
 !re91 t !y s5d su* _! obs]vations to   
,mr4 ,lively1 our ,hebrew read] 9       
,cambridge1 or to ,dr4 ,h>d+1 our       
,hebrew read] 9 ,ox=d1 or to ,dr4       
,&rewes1 ,dean ( ,we/m9/]1 to be imp>t$ 
to ! re/ ( _! sev]al companies2 t s our 
said int5d$ translation may h ! help &  
fur!rance ( all our pr9cipal le>n$ m5 )9

 ?is our k+dom40#db ,directions to a    
simil> effect 7 s5t also to !           
,vice-,*ancellor ( ,cambridge1 :o 0     
emp[]$ 9 ! k+'s "n to associate ) ^?    
already appo9t$ any 8fitt m50 he might  
be acqua9t$ )2 & we may inf] t a        
correspond+ communication 0 s5t to      
,ox=d4  ,to :at ext5t ?is compreh5sive  
s*eme 0 c>ri$ out we h no means (       
det]m9+4 ,! names ( ! fifty-f\r le>n$ m5
 ref]r$ to are n giv51 & we are         
consequ5tly left 9 unc]ta9ty :e!r ^? :o 
ultimately engag$ 9 ! "w#dc 7 all m5    
includ$ 9 t li/1 or :e!r o!r s*ol>s1    
*os5 by ! univ]sities or recomm5d$ by ! 
bi%ops1 =m$ "p ( ! numb]4  ,! rules laid
 d[n = ! guidance ( ! translators 7 z   
foll[s3  #a4 ,! ord9>y ,bible read 9 !  
*ur*1 commonly call$ ! ,bi%ops' ,bible1 
to be foll[$1 & z little alt]$ z ! ,tru?
 ( ! ,orig9al w p]mit4  #b4 ,! ,names ( 
! ,prophets & ! ,holy ,writ]s1 ) ! o!r  
,names ( ! ,text to be reta9$1 z nigh z 
may be1 accord+ly z !y 7 vulg>ly us$4   
#c4 ,! old ,ecclesia/ical ,words to be  

kept2 viz41 ! ^w ,*ur* n to be translat$
 ,congregation1 c4  #d4 ,:5 a ,^w ha?   
div]s significations1 t to be kept :i*  
ha? be5 mo/ commonly us$ by ! mo/ ( !   
,anci5t ,fa!rs1 be+ agreeable to !      
,propriety ( ! ,place1 & ! ,analogy ( ! 
,fai?4  #e4 ,! division ( ! ,*apt]s to  
be alt]$1 ei!r n at all1 or z little z  
may be1 if necessity s require4  #f4 ,no
 ,m>g9al ,notes at all to be affix$1 b  
only = ! explanation ( ! ,hebrew or     
,greek ,words1 :i* _c )\t "s            
circumlocution1 s briefly & fitly be    
expre/ 9 ! ,text4  #g4 ,su* ,quotations 
( ,places to be m>g9ally set d[n1 z %all
 s]ve = ! fit ref]5ce ( "o ,scripture to
 ano!r4  #h4 ,e p>ticul> ,man ( ea*     
,company1 to take ! same ,*apt] or      
,*apt]s1 & hav+ translat$ or am5d$ !m   
sev]ally by himself1 :]e he ?9ke? good1 
all to meet toge!r1 conf] :at !y h done1
 & agree = _! p>ts :at %all /&4  #i4 ,z 
any "o ,company ha? despat*$ any "o     
,book 9 ?is mann]1 !y %all s5d x to !   
re/1 to be consid]$ ( s]i\sly &         

judici\sly1 = 8 ,maje/y is v c>eful 9   
?is po9t4  #aj4 ,if any ,company1 ^u !  
review ( ! ,book s s5t1 d\bt or diff] ^u
 any ,place1 to s5d !m ^w !re(2 ,note ! 
place1 & )al s5d ! ,reasons2 to :i* if  
!y cons5t n1 ! diff]5ce to be comp\nd$  
at ! ,g5]al ,meet+1 :i* is to be ( !    
*ief ,p]sons ( ea* ,company at ! end ( !
 ,"w4  #aa4 ,:5 any ,place ( special    
obscurity is d\bt$ (1 ,lett]s to be     
direct$1 by ,au?ority1 to s5d to any    
,le>n$ ,man 9 ! ,l&1 = 8 judgm5t ( su* a
 ,place4  #ab4 ,lett]s to be s5t f e    
,bi%op1 to ! re/ ( 8 ,cl]gy1 admoni%+ !m
 ( ?is ,translation 9 h&2 & to move &   
*>ge1 z _m z be+ skilful 9 ! ,tongues2 &
 hav+ tak5 pa9s 9 t k9d1 to s5d 8       
p>ticul> ,obs]vations to ! ,company1    
ei!r at ,we/m9/]1 ,cambridg1 or ,ox=d4  
#ac4 ,! ,directors 9 ea* ,company to be 
! ,deans ( ,we/m9/] & ,*e/] = t place2 &
 ! ,k+'s ,pr(essors 9 ! ,hebrew or      
,greek 9 ei!r ,univ]sity4  #ad4 ,^!     
,translations to be us$1 :5 !y agree    
bett] ) ! ,text ?an ! ,bi%ops' ,bible2  

viz41 ,t9dall's1 ,mat!w's1 ,cov]dale's1 
,:it*ur*'s1#dd ,g5eva4  #ae4 ,besides ! 
said ,directors be=e m5tion$1 ?ree or   
f\r ( ! mo/ ,anci5t & ,grave ,div9es1 9 
ei!r ( ! ,univ]sities n employ$ 9       
,translat+1 to be assign$ by !          
,vice-,*ancellor ^u conf]5ce ) ! re/ ( !
 ,heads1 to be ,ov]se]s ( !             
,translations z well ,hebrew z ,greek1 =
 ! bett] obs]vation ( ! #d? rule above  
specifi$4#de  ,besides ^! rules1 "s o!rs
 ( a m def9ite nature seem to h be5     
adopt$ by ! translators !mselves4 ,at ! 
,synod ( ,dort1 held 9 ! ye>s #afah &   
#afai1 ! "q ( prep>+ a new ,dut*        
translation came "u consid]ation1 & = ! 
guidance ( its delib]ations ^u ?is po9t 
! ,engli% ,delegates#df 7 reque/$ to    
give an acc\nt ( ! proc$ure obs]v$ 9 !  
translation rec5tly made 9 ,engl&4 ,9 a 
matt] ( su* grave importance !          
,delegates felt t !y ought n to give any
 (f-h& /atem5t1 & accord+ly1 aft] c>eful
 consid]ation1 prep>$ a writt5 acc\nt1  
:i* 0 pres5t$ to ! ,synod on its sev5?  

,session1 ,novemb] #bj?1 #afah4 ,9 ?is  
acc\nt eight rules are giv51 ! fir/ ?ree
 ( :i* embody ! sub/ance ( ! fir/1 six?1
 & sev5? ( ! rules giv5 above4 ,! o!rs  
direct3  ,t :]e ! ,hebrew or ,greek     
admits ( a tw(old r5d]+1 "o is to be    
giv5 9 ! text1 & ! o!r not$ 9 ! m>g92 & 
9 l mann] :]e an important v>i\s read+  
is f\nd 9 approv$ au?orities4  ,t 9 !   
translation ( ! books ( ,tobit & ,judi?1
 :]e ! text ( ! old ,lat9 ,vulgate      
greatly diff]s f t ( ! ,greek1 ! latt]  
text %\ld be foll[$4  ,t all words      
introduc$ = ! purpose ( complet+ ! s5se 
are to be di/+ui%$ by a diff]5ce ( type4
  ,t new tables ( cont5ts %\ld be       
prefix$ to ea* book1 & new summ>ies to  
ea* *apt]4  ,& la/ly1 t a complete li/ (
 ,g5ealogies#dg & a description ( !     
,holy ,l& %\ld be add$ to ! "w4#dh  ,f  
v>i\s causes1 :i* _c n[ be discov]$1 a  
p]iod ( ?ree ye>s elaps$ be=e ! revis]s 
comm5c$ _! lab\rs4 ,"o reason may h be5 
t no provision 0 made = meet+ ! necess>y
 co/s ( ! und]tak+4 ,) a *eap lib]ality 

! k+ direct$ ,bancr(t to write to !     
bi%ops1 ask+ !m1 z b5efices became      
vacant1 to give him ! opportunity (     
be/[+ !m ^u ! translators z a rew>d = _!
 s]vice2 & z to curr5t exp5ses1 ! k+1   
:ile pr(ess+ ) mu* effusiv5ess 8        
read9ess to be> !m1 clev]ly evad$ !     
responsibility by /at+ t "s ( 8my lords1
 z ?+s n[ g1 did hold x inconv5i5t40#di 
,! revision 0 complet$1 z ! revis]s     
!mselves tell u1 9 8twice sev5 times    
sev5ty-two days & m20 t is to say1 9    
ab\t two ye>s & ?ree-qu>t]s2 & if to ?is
 be add$ ! n9e mon?s sp5t 9 a f9al      
revision & prep>ation = ! press1 we h !n
 only a p]iod ( ?ree ye>s & a half4 ,!  
new ,bible 0 publi%$ 9 #afaa2 ! "w1     
!re=e1 c\ld n h be5 comm5c$ be=e #afjg4 
,al?\gh ! m5 :o engag$ 9 ?is important  
und]tak+ are call$ 8translators10 _! "w 
0 ess5tially t ( revision4 ,?is is      
cle>ly %[n bo? by ! rules laid d[n = _! 
guidance1 & by ! /atem5t ( ! translators
 !mselves1 :o say 9 _! preface1 8,truly1
 good ,*ri/ian read]1 wee nev] ?\ght f !

 beg9n+ t wee %\ld ne$ to make a new    
translation1 nor yet to make ( a bad "o 
a good "o10 8b to make a good "o bett]1 
or out ( _m good ones1 "o pr9cipall good
 "o1 n ju/ly to bee except$ aga9/2 t ha?
 be5e our indeav\r1 t our m>ke40#ej     
,fur!r1 ?is revision 0 a m ext5sive &   
?or\gh revision ?an any :i* _h be5      
h]et(ore und]tak54 ,9 =m] revisions1    
ei!r ! "w _h be5 done by ! solit>y      
lab\rs ( "o or two1 or :5 a fair numb] (
 compet5t m5 7 engag$ 9 x no suffici5t  
provision _h be5 made = comb9$ action1 &
 b few opportunities _h be5 giv5 =      
mutual conf]5ce4 ,9 ?is revision a l>g] 
numb] ( s*ol>s 7 engag$ ?an ^u any =m]1 
& ! arrangem5ts 7 su* z secur$ t ^u no  
"p ( ! ,bible %\ld ! lab\r ( few] ?an   
sev5 p]sons be exp5d$4 ,! revis]s 7     
divid$ into six companies1 two ( :i* met
 at ,we/m9/]1 two at ,cambridge1 & two  
at ,ox=d4 ,! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 f 
,g5esis to #b ,k+s inclusive1 7 assign$ 
to ! fir/ ,we/m9/] company1 consi/+ ( t5
 memb]s2 f #a ,*ronicles to ,song (     

,solomon1 to ! fir/ ,cambridge company1 
consi/+ ( eight memb]s2 & f ,isaiah to  
,mala*i1 to ! fir/ ,ox=d company1       
consi/+ ( sev5 memb]s4 ,! ,apocryphal   
books 7 assign$ to ! second ,cambridge  
company1 :i* also consi/$ ( sev5 memb]s4
 ,( ! books ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 !        
,gospels1 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 & !     
,apocalypse 7 giv5 to ! second ,ox=d    
company1 9 :i* z _m z t5 memb]s 7 at    
diff]5t times associat$2 ! ,epi/les 7   
entru/$ to ! sev5 s*ol>s =m+ ! second   
,we/m9/] company4#ea  ,! portions       
assign$ to ea* company 7 n aga9         
subdivid$ among/ its memb]s2 b1 9       
accordance ) ! eigh? rule1 8e p>ticul>  
man ( ea* company0 translat$ & am5d$ by 
himself ea* successive portion1 & !     
company met f "t to "t to conf] ^u :at  
!y _h done1 & to agree ^u :at %\ld      
/&4#eb ,( ! mode ( proc$ure foll[$ at ! 
meet+s ( ! sev]al companies1 we h no o!r
 in=mation ?an ! brief /atem5t giv5 by  
,seld5 9 8 ,table ,talk--t 8"o read !   
translation1 ! re/ hold+ 9 _! h&s "s    

,bible1 ei!r ( ! le>n$ tongues1 or      
,fr5*1 ,spani%1 ,italian1 c4 ,if !y f\nd
 any fault !y spoke2 if n1 he read on40 
,"o int]e/+ & t\*+ picture ( !          
translators at "w1 :i* h[ev] seems to h 
escap$ ! notice#ec ( all writ]s ^u !    
hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,bible1 is giv5 u by 
,dr4 ,daniel ,featley 9 8 acc\nt ( !    
,life & ,dea? ( ,john ,ra9olds1 & :i* is
 probably ! sub/ance1 if n ! v words1 ( 
! oration deliv]$ by him at ! fun]al ( !
 latt]1 :51 on acc\nt ( ! l>ge numb] (  
m\rn]s1 8! ,*apell be+ n capable ( !    
f\r? "p ( ! ,fun]all tr\pe10 a desk 0   
set up 9 ! quadrangle ( ,corpus ,*ri/i  
,college1 & a brief hi/ory ( ,ra9olds'  
life1 8) ! mann] ( 8 dea?10 0 !nce      
deliv]$ to ! assembl$ company4 ,dr4     
,ra9olds 0 "o ( ! ,ox=d s*ol>s to :om ! 
difficult task 0 assign$ ( revis+ !     
prophetical books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t2 &  
,featley tells u t 8= 8 great skill 9 ! 
orig9all ,languages10 ! o!r memb]s ( !  
company1 8,doctor ,smi?1 aft]w>d ,bi%op 
( ,glo/]2 ,doctor ,h>d+1 ,presid5t (    

,magdal5s2 ,doctor ,kilbie1 ,rector (   
,l9colne ,coll$ge2 ,dr4 ,bret1 & o!rs1  
imploy$ 9 t worke by 8 ,maje/y1 _h      
rec\rse0 to him 8once a weeke1 & 9 8    
,lodg+s p]fect$ _! ,notes2 & ?\gh 9 !   
mid/ ( ?is ,worke1 ! g\t fir/ tooke him1
 & aft] a consumption1 ( :i* he dy$2 yet
 9 a great "p ( 8 sicknesse ! meet+ held
 at 8 ,lodg+1 & he ly+ on 8 ,pallet1    
assi/$ !m1 & 9 a mann] 9 ! v translation
 ( ! booke ( life1 0 translat$ to a     
bett] life40#ed ,ra9olds di$ ,may #ba/1 
#afjg4  ,9 ! dis*>ge ( _! responsible   
task ! translators made use ( all ! aids
 accessible to !m = ! p]fect+ ( _! "w4  
,n only did !y br+ to x a l>ge am\nt (  
,hebrew & ,greek s*ol>%ip1 & ! results (
 _! p]sonal /udy ( ! orig9al            
,scriptures1 !y 7 c>eful to avail       
!mselves also ( ! inve/igations ( o!rs  
:o _h lab\r$ 9 ! same field4            
,translations & comm5t>ies 9 ! ,*aldee1 
,hebrew1 ,syriac1 ,greek1 ,lat91        
,spani%1 ,fr5*1 ,italian1 & ,dut*       
languages 7 laid "u contribution4       

8,nei!r10 !y add1 8did we disda9e to    
revise t :i* wee _h done1 & to br+ back 
to ! anvill t :i* wee _h hamm]$2 b hav+ 
& us+ z great helpes z 7 ne$full1 & fe>+
 no repro* = sl[nesse1 nor covet+ praise
 = exp$ition1 wee h at l5g?1 ?r\gh !    
good h& ( ! ,"l ^u u1 br\ght ! worke to 
t passe t y see40  ,:5 ! sev]al         
companies _h complet$ _! lab\rs !re 0   
ne$$ "s g5]al sup]vision ( ! "w be=e x  
f9ally issu$ f ! press4 ,!re is no      
evid5ce t ! six companies ev] met 9 "o  
body 7?\gh possibly ! two companies 9   
ea* ( ! ?ree c5tres may h _h "s         
communication ) ea* o!r72 b hav+ sp5t   
almo/ ?ree ye>s ^u ! revision1 8at ! end
 :]e(10 says ! writ] ( ! life ( ,john   
,bois1#ee 8! :ole "w be+ f9i%$1 & ?ree  
copies ( ! :ole ,bible s5t f ,cambridge1
 ,ox=d1 & ,we/m9/] to ,london1 a new    
*oice 0 to be made ( six 9 all1 two out 
( e company1#ef to review ! :ole "w1 &  
extract "o copy out ( all ^! to be      
committ$ to ! press1 = ! dispat* ( :i*  
bus9ess ,mr4 ,d[nes & ,mr4 ,bois 7 s5t =

 up to ,london1 :]e1#eg meet+ _! f\r    
fell[-lab\r]s1 !y w5t daily to          
,/ation]s' ,hall1 & 9 ?ree-qu>t]s ( a   
ye> fulfill$ _! task1 all :i* "t !y _h f
 ! ,company ( ,/ation]s ?irty %ill+s#eh 
ea* p] week duly paid !m1 ?\gh !y _h    
no?+ be=e b ! self-rew>d+1 +5i\s        
indu/ry40#ei 8,la/ ( all ,bilson1 ,bi%op
 ( ,w9*e/]1 & ,dr4 ,miles ,smi?1 aga9   
review$ ! :ole "w1 & prefix$ argum5ts to
 ! sev]al books40  ,& ?us at l5g?1 z    
,?omas ,full] qua9tly puts x1 8aft] long
 expectation1 & great desire1 ! new     
translation ( ! ,bible 7mo/ beautifully 
pr9t$7 by a select & compet5t numb] (   
,div9es appo9t$ = ! purpose1 n be+ too  
_m1 le/ "o %\ld tr\ble ano!r1 & yet _m1 
le/ 9 any ?+s might haply escape !m4    
,:o1 nei!r covet+ praise = exp$ition1   
nor fe>+ reproa* = slackness 7see+ 9 a  
bus9ess ( mom5t none des]ve blame =     
conv5i5t sl[ness71 _h exp5d$ almo/ ?ree 
ye>s 9 a "w1 n only exam9+ ! *annels by 
! f\nta91 translations ) ! orig9al1 :i* 
0 absolutely necess>y1 b also comp>+    

*annels ) *annels1 :i* 0 abundantly     
useful40 8,^!1 ) ,jacob1 roll$ away !   
/one f ! m\? ( ! ,well ( ,life1 s t n[  
,ra*el's weak wom5 may freely come1 bo? 
to dr9k !mselves1 & to wat] ! flocks (  
_! families at ! same40#fj     ,,lecture
 ,v4  ,,revision ,a ,,recurr+           
,,necessity4   ,on ! title-page ( ! fir/
 edition ( ,k+ ,james's ,bible !re      
appe>$ z n[ ! leg5d1 8,appo9t$ to be    
read 9 ,*ur*es40 ,:5ce ?is orig9at$ is  
unkn[n2 x is ev5 unc]ta9 :at mean+ is to
 be atta*$ to ! words4 ,"s cont5d#fa t  
!y mean no?+ m ?an t ! book conta9$ !   
directions 9 accordance ) :i* !         
,scriptures 7 8appo9t$0 to be read 9    
public wor%ip1 su* z are n[ giv5 9 !    
,book ( ,common ,pray]4 ,b1 h[ev] ?is   
may be1 !re is no evid5ce t ?is ,bible 0
 ev] =mally sanction$1 ei!r by ! k+1 or 
by ,p>liam5t1 or by ,convocation4 ,! k+1
 z we h se51 enc\rag$ ! mak+ ( !        
revision1 b t ! revision :5 made 01 by  
any public act on 8 "p1 inve/$ ) any    
special au?ority1 is a fancy altoge!r   

unsupport$ by fact4 ,its designation z !
 ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion has be5 due simply to
 common p>lance2 ! claim :i* t          
designation seems to ass]t is absolutely
 baseless4  ,x 0 n 9 virtue ( any       
privileges conf]r$ ^u x by ^? 9         
au?ority1 b by its intr9sic excell5ce1 t
 ?is v]sion made its way into g5]al use1
 & at l5g? supplant$ all previ\s        
v]sions4 ,its *ief1 if n only1          
competitor 0 ! ,g5evan4 ,s /rong 0 !    
atta*m5t ( _m to ! latt] t two editions 
( x1 "o a folio & ! o!r a qu>to1 7      
publi%$ by ! k+'s pr9t] 9 ! v ye> 9 :i* 
! new v]sion 0 issu$1 & dur+ at lea/    
five ye>s aft] t date#fb v>i\s o!r      
editions 7 issu$ f ! same s\rce4 ,aft]  
#afaf ! ,g5evan ceas$ to be pr9t$ 9     
,engl&1 b ! dem& = x /ill cont9u+1 v>i\s
 editions 7 pr9t$ on ! ,cont95t1 & !nce 
introduc$ into ?is c\ntry4 ,a folio     
edition1 pr9t$ at ,am/]dam1 be>s s late 
a date z #afdd4 ,9 #afdi1 9 ord] to w9 !
 fav\r ( ^? :o /ill clung to _! old     
fav\rite1 an edition ( ! new v]sion 0   

issu$ ) ! ,g5evan notes4 ,aft] ?is date 
! revision ( #afaa may be said to h ga9$
 = itself univ]sal recognition1 & = m   
?an #bcj ye>s x has be5 ! accept$ &     
*]i%$ ,bible ( almo/ all ,engli%-speak+ 
p4  ,we %\ld1 h[ev]1 =m a v errone\s    
op9ion bo? ( ! _s & ( ! le>n+ ( ,k+     
,james's translators1 if we 7 to suppose
 t !y w\ld h claim$ f9ality = _! "w4 ,!y
 7 too well acqua9t$ ) ! /ate ( !       
orig9al texts n to "k :at ne$ !re 0 =   
fur!r rese>* aft] ! mo/ anci5t &        
tru/wor?y au?orities4 ,!y 7 too ke5ly   
s5sitive to ! difficulties ( translation
 n to feel t !y mu/ (t5 h fail$ to      
convey ! exact mean+ ( ! words !y 7     
attempt+ to r5d]4 ,!y 7 too consci\s ( !
 m]its ( _! pr$ecessors1 & ( ! ext5t to 
:i* !y _h pr(it$ by _! lab\rs1 to       
hesitate to ackn[l$ge t o!rs might 9 l  
mann] pr(it by :at !y !mselves _h done4 
,& !y 7 too loyal 9 _! rev]5ce = !      
,scriptures1 & too dev\tly anxi\s t e   
imp]fection %\ld be remov$ f ! =m 9 :i* 
!y 7 giv5 to _! fell[-c\ntrym51 to (f]  

any disc\ragem5t to ^? :o %\ld seek to  
remove ! blemi%es t might /ill rema94   
,!y w\ld /rongly h deprecat$ any attempt
 to f9d 9 _! lab\rs a plea aga9/ fur!r  
improvem5t2 & !y w\ld h emphatically    
proclaim$ t ! be/ expression (          
?ankfulness = _! s]vices1 & ( respect = 
!mselves1 0 9 ! imitation ( _! example1 
& 9 ! promotion ( fur!r ef=ts = !       
p]fect+ ( ! book !y s pr(\ndly lov$4  ,9
 ! case ( su* a book z ! ,bible1 h[ev]  
p]fect ! translation :i* may at any "t  
be made1 ! duty ( revision is "o (      
recurr+ obligation4 ,! necessity = x is 
inevitable1 & ?is f two causes 9 con/ant
 op]ation4 7#a7 ,by ! imp]fection t     
atta*es to all k9ds ( human lab\r v>i\s 
dep>tures f ! /&>d =m became gradually  
introduc$ 9 ! process ( reproduction2 & 
7#b7 by ! natural gr[? ( language1 & !  
att5dant *anges 9 ! mean+ ( t]ms1 t :i* 
at "o "t 0 a fai?ful r5d]+ becomes at   
ano!r obscure or incorrect4  ,no long "t
 elaps$ be=e blemi%es arose 9 ! v]sion (
 #afaa f ! fir/ ( ^! causes1 &1 to use !

 language ( ! translators !mselves1 _!  
translation ne$$ 8to be maturely        
consid]$ & exam9$1 t be+ rubb$ & poli%$ 
x might %9e z gold m brightly40 ,!      
inv5tion ( pr9t+1 al?\gh x has l>gely   
dim9i%$ ! liability to error 9 !        
multiplication ( copies1 has n1 z       
ev]yone kn[s :o has _h occasion to      
m9utely exam9e pr9t$ works1 altoge!r    
remov$ !m4 ,v>i\s typographical errors  
soon made _! appe>ance 9 ! pr9t$ copies 
( ! ,bible1 & ^! became repeat$ &       
multipli$ 9 successive editions1 until  
at l5g? no inconsid]able numb] (        
v>iations1 sometimes am\nt+ to sev]al   
?\s&s1 c\ld be trac$ betwe5 diff]5t     
copies4 ,mo/ ( ^! x is true 7           
unimportant v>iations1 b "s ( !m 7 ( a m
 s]i\s nature4 ,! foll[+ in/ances w s]ve
 to illu/rate ?is4 ,! dates atta*$ are !
 dates ( ! editions 9 :i* ! errors may  
be f\nd3  ,exod4 xx4 #ad4 8,?\ %alt     
commit adult]y10 = 8,?\ %alt n40 #afca1 
,lond41 #hvo4#fc  ,numb4 xxv4 #ah4 8,!y 
vex y ) _! wives10 = 8_! wiles40 #afch1 

,lond41 #abmo4  ,numb4 xxvi4 #aj4 8,!   
fire dev\r$ two ?\s& & fifty m510 = 8two
 hundr$ & fifty40 #afch1 ,lond41 #abmo4 
,deut4 xxiv4 #c4 8,if ! latt] husb& ate 
h]10 = 8hate h]40 #afhb1 ,lond4  #b     
,sam4 xxiii4 #bj4 8,he slew two lions l 
m510 = 8two lion-l m540 #afch1 ,lond41  
#abmo4  ,job xxix4 #c4 8,by 8 light ,i  
%9$ ?r\gh d>kness10 = 8,i walk$ ?r\gh40 
#afac1 ,lond4  ,isaiah xxix4 #ac4 8,_!  
fe> t[>d me is taught by ! p ( m510 =   
8by ! precept ( m540 #afch1 ,lond41     
#abmo4  ,j]4 iv4 #ag4 8,because %e ha?  
be5 religi\s aga9/ me10 = 8ha? be5      
rebelli\s40 #afcg1 ,ed941 #hvo4  ,j]4   
xviii4 #ba4 8,deliv] up _! *ildr5 to !  
sw9e10 = 8to ! fam9e40 #afhb1 ,lond4    
,ezek4 xxiii4 #g4 8,) all _! idols %e   
delight$ h]self10 = 8%e defil$ h]self40 
#afac1 ,lond4  ,matt4 xxvi4 #cf4 8,!n   
come? ,judas ) !m unto a place call$    
,ge?semane10 = 8,!n come? ,jesus40      
#afaa1 ,lond4  ,acts vi4 #c4 8,look ye  
out among y sev5 m5 ( hone/ report 444  
:om ye may appo9t10 = 8:om we may       

appo9t40 #afch1 ,camb4 fo4#fd  #a ,cor4 
v4 #a4 8,& su* =nication z is n s mu* z 
n among ! ,g5tiles10 = 8n s mu* z nam$40
 #afbi1 ,lond41 fo4#fe  #a ,cor4 vi4 #i4
 8,"k ye n t ! unrighte\s %all inh]it ! 
k+dom ( ,god80 = 8%all n inh]it40 #afec1
 ,lond41 #cbmo4  #b ,tim4 iv4 #af4 8,i  
pray ,god t x may be laid to _! *>ge10 =
 8may n be laid40 #afac1 ,lond4  ,titus 
i4 #ad4 8,n[ giv+ he$ to ,jewi% fables10
 = 8n giv+ he$40 #afcf ,ed941 #hvo4     
,james v4 #d4 8,! ,"l ( ,sabba?10 =     
8,sabao?40 #afdj1 ,lond41 #hvo4  #a     
,john i4 #d4 8,t our joy may be full10 =
 8t y\r joy40 #agfi1 ,oxf4  ,^! facts w 
s]ve to %[ h[ soon "s k9d ( revision    
became ne$ful1 & t a true rev]5ce =     
,scripture is %[n1 n by opposition to   
revision1 b by a desire1 & ev5 dem&1 t x
 %\ld be und]tak54 ,?is necessity became
 all ! m imp]ative 9 ! case ( ! revision
 ( #afaa1 because !re exi/$ no /&>d copy
 to :i* appeal c\ld 9 all cases be made 
z evid5ce ( ! conclusions rea*$ by !    
translators4 ,x is a curi\s & rem>kable 

fact1 t two editions1 diff]+ 9 sev]al   
respects1 7 issu$ by ! k+'s pr9t]1      
,rob]t ,b>k]1 9 #afaa1 & compet5t judges
 are n agre$ z to :i* ( ^! two priority 
9 "t belongs4 ,nor ev5 if ?is po9t 7    
satisfactorily settl$1 w\ld x suffice to
 reproduce t "o ( ! two texts :i* might 
be prov$ to be ! e>li]4 ,= excell5t z 0 
! ma9 "w done by ! translators1 ! f9al  
revision & ! ov]sight ( ! %eets z !y    
pass$ ?r\gh ! press 7 n s ?or\gh z 0 to 
be desir$4 ,9 ! mo/ c>efully prep>$     
edition ( ?is revision t has ev] be5    
issu$1 viz41 ! ,cambridge ,p>agraph     
,bible1 edit$ by ,dr4 ,scriv5]1 ! le>n$ 
& labori\s editor has se5 x "r to dep>t 
f ! pr9t$ text ( #afaa 9 m ?an n9e      
hundr$ places4#ff ,x w be manife/ t su* 
corrections1 :5ev] call$ =1 ought n to  
be made 9 any haphaz>d way1 & t x is 9 !
 int]e/ ( all t c>eful revisions ( !    
pr9t$ texts %\ld f "t to "t be made1 & t
 !y %\ld be made by m5 ?or\ghly compet5t
 = ! task4         99       99       99 
99       99  ,! second cause to :i*     

ref]5ce has be5 made is1 ( c\rse1 mu*   
sl[] 9 its op]ation1 b ?\gh sl[ x is    
c]ta92 & soon] or lat] e v]sion1 :5soev]
 & by :omsoev] made1 mu/ call =         
revision1 because ( ! *anges to :i* all 
language is subject4 ,words :i* 7 once 9
 common use pass altoge!r out ( curr5cy1
 & are utt]ly un9telligible save to a   
le>n$ few4 ,o!r words *ange _! mean+1 & 
give to ! s5t5ces 9 :i* !y occur a      
diff]5t & sometimes an ali5 s5se to t   
:i* !y =m]ly convey$4 ,o!rs aga91 :ile  
reta9+ fundam5tally _! orig9al s5se1    
become limit$ 9 _! range ( application1 
& :5 us$ 9 o!r connections ?an ^? to :i*
 !y are ?us conf9$ by cu/om1 become     
grotesque & di/urb ! m9d ( ! read] by ! 
/range associations :i* !y sugge/4  ,h[ 
_m words f\nd 9 our ,bibles h1 s9ce     
#afaa1 pass$ out ( g5]al use ! foll[+   
li/ w %[4 ,mo/ ( ^! are :olly )\t mean+1
 ev5 to an educat$ read]2 a few survive 
z local prov9cialisms1 & a few also are 
/ill employ$ 9 ! te*nical vocabul>y (   
c]ta9 arts or pr(essions4 ,all are out (

 place 9 a book int5d$ = univ]sal use4  
,assay4 ,deut4 iv4 #cd2 ,job iv4 #b2    
,acts ix4 #bf1 c4      ,att5t4 #b ,*ron4
 vi4 #dj4      ,be/ead4 ,isa4 viii4 #ba4
      ,bla94 ,exod4 ix4 #i1 #aj4        
,boll$4 ,exod4 ix4 #ca4      ,brickle4  
,wisd4 xv4 #ac4      ,brig&9e4 ,j]4     
xlvi4 #d2 li4 #c4      ,bruit4 ,j]4 x4  
#bb2 ,nah4 iii4 #ai4      ,calamus4     
,exod4 xxx4 #bc2 ,cant4 iv4 #ad2 ,exek4 
xxvii4 #ai4      ,camphire4 ,cant4 i4   
#ad2 iv4 #ac4      ,causey4 #a ,*ron4   
xxvi4 #ah4      ,*anel-bone4 ,job xxxi4 
#bb1 m>g4      ,*apit]4 ,exod4 xxxvi4   
#ch1 c4      ,*apman4 #b ,*ron4 ix4 #ad4
      ,*aws4 ,ezek4 xxix4 #d4           
,ci!rn4 #a ,macc4 iv4 #ed4              
,cockatrice4 ,isa4 xi4 #h1 c4           
,collops4 ,job xv4 #bg4                 
,confection4 ,exod4 xxx4 #ce4           
,coney4 ,lev4 xi4 #e1 c4      ,to       
,conv5t4 ,j]4 xlix4 #ai1 m>g4           
,cotes4 #b ,*ron4 xxxii4 #bh4      ,to  
,c\*4 ,d5t1 xxxiii4 #ac4                
,c\nt]vail4 ,e/h4 vii4 #d4              

,daysman4 ,job ix4 #cc4      ,dehort4 #a
 ,macc4 ix4 #i4      ,delicates4 ,j]4   
li4 #cd4      ,dr$ge4 ,job xxiv4 #f1    
m>g4      ,dure4 ,matt4 xiii4 #ba4      
,e>+4 ,g54 xlv4 #f4      ,endirons4     
,ezek4 xl4 #dc1 m>g4      ,flue-net4    
,hab4 i4 #ae1 m>g4      ,gi] eagle4     
,lev4 xi4 #ah4      ,gorget4 #a ,sam4   
xvii4 #f1 m>g4      ,hab]geon4 ,exod4   
xxviii4 #cb2 xxxix4 #bc1 c4      ,helve4
 ,deut4 xix4 #e4      ,h\gh4 ,jo%4 xi4  
#f1 #i4      ,implead4 ,acts xix4 #ch4  
,jewry4 ,dan4 v4 #ac2 ,john vii4 #a4    
,knop4 ,exod4 xxv4 #ca1 c4      ,leas+4 
,ps4 iv4 #b2 v4 #f4      ,makebate4 #b  
,tim4 iii4 #c1 m>g4      ,muffl]4 ,isa4 
iii4 #ai4      ,nees+4 ,job xli4 #ah4   
,ossifrage4 ,lev4 xi4 #ac4      ,ou*es4 
,exod4 xxviii4 #aa1 c4      ,pill$4 ,g54
 xxx4 #cg4      ,prelation4 #a ,cor4    
xiii41 head+4      ,purt5ance4 ,exod4   
xii4 #i4      ,rav94 ,g54 xlix4 #bg4    
,r]ew>d4 ,num4 x4 #be1 c4      ,scall4  
,lev4 xiii4 #cj4      ,scrabble4 #a     
,sam4 xxi4 #ac4      ,a ,settle4 ,ezek4 

xliii4 #ad1 c4      ,silv]l+4 ,isa4 vii4
 #bc4      ,si?4 ,ezek4 xxxv4 #f4       
,tab]+4 ,nah4 ii4 #g4      ,ta*e4 ,exod4
 xxvi4 #f4      ,?r\ghair$4 ,j]4 xxii4  
#ad1 m>g4      ,?rum4 ,isa4 xxxviii4    
#ab1 m>g4      ,viol4 ,isa4 v4 #ab4     
,wimple4 ,isa4 iii4 #bb4  ,a /ill l>g]  
numb] ( words or phrases1 ?\gh /ill f9d+
 a place 9 our curr5t spee*1 h :olly or 
p>tially *ang$ _! mean+s4 ,among/ ^! are
 ! foll[+3      ,all to brake4 ,judges  
ix4 #e4      ,base4 #a ,cor4 i4 #bh2 #b 
,cor4 x4 #a4      ,bot*4 ,exod4 ix4 #i4 
,b\ght ( a sl+4 #a ,sam4 xxv4 #bi1 m>g4 
,brav]y4 ,isa4 iii4 #ah4      ,bray4    
,prov4 xxvii4 #bg4      ,by & by4 ,matt4
 xiii4 #ba2 ,luke xxi4 #i4              
,captivate4 #b ,*ron4 xxviii42 ,j]4     
xxxix41 head+s4      ,c>eful4 ,dan4 iii4
 #af2 ,phil4 iv4 #f4      ,c>riage4     
,judges xviii4 #ba2 ,acts xxi4 #ae4     
,ca/ ab\t4 ,j]4 xli4 #ad4      ,*af$4 #b
 ,sam4 xvii4 #h4      ,*ampaign4 ,deut4 
xi4 #cj4      ,*>g]4 ,matt4 xiv4 #h2    
,m>k vi4 #be4      ,*>ity4 #a ,cor4     

xiii4 #a1 c4      ,*url4 ,isa4 xxxii4   
#e1 #g4      ,ciel+4 #a ,k+s vi4 #ae4   
,cl\t$4 ,jo%4 ix4 #e4      ,cockle4 ,job
 xxxi4 #dj4      ,com=t4 ,job ix4 #bg4  
,confection>y4 #a ,sam4 viii4 #ac4      
,conta94 #a ,cor4 vii4 #i4              
,conv]sation4 ,gal4 i4 #ah2 ,phil4 iii4 
#bj2 ,heb4 xiii4 #e4      ,conv9ce4     
,jno4 viii4 #dh2 ,jas4 ii4 #i4          
,cunn+4 ,ps4 cxxxvii4 #e4      ,curi\s4 
,exod4 xxviii4 #h2 xxix4 #e4            
,damnation4 #a ,cor4 xi4 #bi4           
,delicately4 ,lam4 iv4 #e2 ,luke vii4   
#be4      ,discov]4 ,ps4 xxix4 #i2 ,mic4
 i4 #f2 ,hab4 iii4 #ac4      ,doctr9e4  
,m>k iv4 #b4      ,duke4 ,g54 xxxvi4    
#ae4      ,ensign4 ,num4 ii4 #b2 ,isa4  
v4 #bf4      ,fa/4 ,ru? ii4 #h1 #ba4    
,fet* a compass4 ,acts xxviii4 #ac4     
,flood4 ,jo%4 xxiv4 #b1 #c1 c4          
,footman4 ,j]4 xii4 #e4      ,fret4     
,lev4 xiii4 #ee4      ,grudge4 ,ps4 lix4
 #ae4      ,hale4 ,luke xii4 #eh2 ,acts 
viii4 #c4      ,h>ness4 #a ,k+s xx4 #aa2
 xxii4 #cd4      ,indite4 ,ps4 xlv4 #a4 

,jangl+4 #a ,tim4 i4 #f4      ,k]*ief4  
,ezek4 xiii4 #ah1 #ba4      ,lace4      
,exod4 xxviii4 #bh4      ,lat*et4 ,isa4 
v4 #bg2 ,m>k i4 #g4      ,let4 ,exod4 v4
 #bd2 ,isa4 xliii4 #ac2 ,rom4 i4 #ac2 #b
 ,!ss4 ii4 #g4      ,lewd4 ,acts xvii4  
#e4      ,lewdness4 ,acts xviii4 #ad4   
,man-(-,w>4 ,exod4 xv4 #c1 c4           
,maul4 ,prov4 xxv4 #ah4      ,m9i/]4    
,jo%4 i4 #a2 #a ,k+s x4 #e2 ,luke iv4   
#bj4      ,napk94 ,luke xix4 #bj2 ,john 
xi4 #dd2 xx4 #g4      ,naught9ess4 #a   
,sam4 xvii4 #bh2 ,prov4 xi4 #f2 ,james  
i4 #ba4      ,naughty4 ,prov4 vi4 #ab4  
,nephew4 ,judges xii4 #ad2 #a ,tim4 v4  
#d4      ,obs]ve4 ,m>k vi4 #bj4         
,occupy4 ,exod4 xxxviii4 #bd2 ,judg4    
xvi4 #aa2 ,ezek4 xxvii4 #i2 ,luke xix4  
#ac4      ,pa9fulness4 #b ,cor4 xi4 #bg4
      ,pale/9e4 ,exod4 xv4 #ad2 ,isa4   
xiv4 #bi4      ,pap4 ,luke xi4 #bg2     
,rev4 i4 #ac4      ,p>cel4 ,g54 xxxix4  
#ai2 ,jo%4 xxiv4 #cb2 ,ru? iv4 #c2 ,john
 iv4 #e4      ,peep4 ,isa4 viii4 #ai2 x4
 #ad4      ,poll4 ,num4 i4 #b1 c4       

,pommel4 #b ,*ron4 ix4 #ab4      ,port4 
,neh4 ii4 #ac4      ,pref]4 ,e/h4 ii4   
#i2 ,dan4 vi4 #c2 ,john i4 #be4         
,pres5tly4 ,matt4 xxvi4 #ec2 ,phil4 ii4 
#bc4      ,prev5t4 ,ps4 lix4 #aj2 cxix4 
#adg2 #a ,!ss4 iv4 #ae4      ,prop]4    
,acts i4 #ai2 #a ,cor4 vii4 #g2 ,heb4   
xi4 #cb4      ,prophesy4 #a ,cor4 xi4   
#e2 xiv4 #c1 #d4      ,publican4 ,matt4 
v4 #df1 c4      ,pur*ase4 #a ,tim4 iii4 
#ac4      ,ranges4 ,lev4 xi4 #ce4       
,refra94 ,prov4 x4 #ai4      ,riot4     
,titus i4 #f2 #a ,pet] iv4 #d2 #b ,pet] 
ii4 #ac4      ,riot+4 ,rom4 xiii4 #ac4  
,riot\s4 ,prov4 xxiii4 #bj2 ,luke xv4   
#ac4      ,road4 #a ,sam4 xxvii4 #aj4   
,scrip4 #a ,sam4 xvii4 #dj2 ,matt4 x4   
#aj1 c4      ,secure4 ,judges viii4 #aa2
 xviii4 #g1 #aj2 ,job xi4 #ah2 xii4 #f2 
,matt4     xxviii4 #ad4      ,set to4   
,john iii4 #cb4      ,%r\d4 ,ezek4 xxxi4
 #c4      ,sod4 ,g54 xxv4 #bi4          
,sotti%4 ,j]4 iv4 #bb4      ,table4     
,hab4 ii4 #b2 ,luke i4 #fc2 #b ,cor4    
iii4 #c4      ,t>get4 #a ,sam4 xvii4 #f2

 #a ,k+s x4 #af4      ,tire4 ,isa4 iii4 
#ah2 ,ezek4 xxiv4 #ag1 #bc4      ,tir$4 
#b ,k+s ix4 #cj4      ,turtle4 ,cant4   
ii4 #ab4      ,vagabond4 ,g54 iv4 #ab2  
,ps4 cix4 #aj2 ,acts xix4 #ac4          
,v5ison4 ,g54 xxv4 #bh4      ,weal?4 #b 
,*ron4 i4 #ab2 ,ps4 cxii4 #c2 #a ,cor4  
x4 #bd4      ,witty4 ,prov4 viii4 #bb4  
,if1 9 read+ ^! passages1 we atta* to ! 
words "h m5tion$ ! mean+ t !y ord9>ily  
be>1 ! result+ s5se w 9 ea* case be v   
diff]5t f t int5d$ to be convey$ by !   
translators4 ,9 "s ( ! passages ! s5se  
?us giv5 w be s manife/ly inappropriate 
t ! read] is necess>ily driv5 to seek = 
"s explanation2 b 9 o!rs ( !m no su*    
feel+ may be awak5$1 & ! read] is       
undesign$ly betray$ into error4 ,?r\gh  
no fault ( ! translators1 b by !        
inevitable law ( *ange 9 language1 !    
words :i* once s]v$ z /epp+-/ones1 by ^:
 aid ! read] c\ld rise to a cle>]       
p]ception ( ! tru? ( ,god1 h become     
/umbl+-blocks 9 8 pa?1 & cause him to   
w&] f ! way4 ,respect1 !re=e1 = !       

translators1 z well z loyalty to !      
,scripture1 con/ra9 ! dem& t ^! r\gh    
places be made pla94     ,,lecture ,,vi4
  ,,on ,,! ,,imp]fect ,,r5d]+s          
,,introduc$ ,,or ,,reta9$ ,,9 ,,!       
,,revision ,,( #afaa4   ,! two reasons =
 fur!r revision :i* 7 illu/rat$ 9 ! la/ 
lecture are1 z w h be5 se51 ( univ]sal  
application1 & mu/ soon] or lat] apply  
to e v]sion ( ! ,scriptures1 h[ev]      
p]fect t v]sion may h be5 :5 x 0 fir/   
made4 ,b :atev] ! skill ) :i* ,k+       
,james's translators fulfill$ _! lab\rs 
7& x is univ]sally ackn[l$g$ to be wor?y
 ( ! highe/ praise71 x w\ld be a va9    
fancy to imag9e t !irs 0 a p]fect "w4   
,!y !mselves w\ld nev] h claim$ su* an  
hon\r = x1 & already 9 _! own day "s (  
_! r5d]+s 7 call$ 9 "q by compet5t m54  
,ev5 if !y _h nev] fail$ 9 apply+ !     
means at _! comm& = ! int]pretation ( ! 
,hebrew & ,greek orig9als1 !y knew t ! k
 !n possess$ ( ^! anci5t tongues 0 f> f 
complete1 & t by fur!r /udy & advanc+   
rese>* x w\ld be possible to atta9 to a 

m accurate & ext5sive acqua9tance ) !m4 
,! progress made 9 ! k ( ,greek &       
,hebrew dur+ ! la/ two c5turies has1 9  
fact1 be5 su* z ! revis]s ( #afaa c\ld h
 little anticipat$4 ,a long li/ might   
easily be drawn up ( em95t s*ol>s :o h  
giv5 !mselves to ! inve/igation ( !     
gramm> ( ! two sacr$ languages1 & ( o!rs
 :o h lab\r$ 9 illu/rat+ ! mean+ ( _!   
t]ms4 ,9 ! case ( ,hebrew1 l>ge         
additions to our k1 bo? ( its gramm> &  
its vocabul>y1 h be5 won f a s\rce almo/
 entirely unexplor$ 9 =m] times2 namely1
 ! /udy ( ,arabic & o!r cognate         
languages2 & 9 ! case bo? ( ,hebrew &   
,greek1 mu* has be5 ga9$ by ! lab\rs (  
^? :o h giv5 !mselves to ! inve/igation 
( ! g5]al pr9ciples ( language1 & to !  
/udy ( ! relations :i* diff]5t languages
 su/a9 to ea* o!r4 ,! k ( ,hebrew &     
,greek ?us atta9$ has be5 f "t to "t    
appli$ by a /ill l>g] numb] ( em95t m5  
to ! elucidation ( ! sev]al books ( !   
,bible1 & an imm5se am\nt ( valuable    
mat]ial = _! int]pretation has ?us be5  

/or$ up4 ,! mean+ ( obscure & difficult 
passages has be5 elaborately &          
indep5d5tly discuss$ by m5 ( diff]5t    
nationalities1 & ( diff]5t types (      
!ological op9ion1 & 9 ?is way ! s5se (  
_m passages =m]ly misund]/ood has be5   
satisfactorily det]m9$4 ,& su* be+ !    
case1 x is cle>ly ! incumb5t duty ( all 
:o truly rev]5ce ! ,scriptures to desire
 t ^! imp]fections & obscurities %all be
 remov$1 & ! m s t "s ( ^! errone\s     
r5d]+s h be5 us$ by ! oppon5ts ( !      
,bible z _! weapons ( attack4  ,t !     
read] may be able to =m "s def9ite      
judgm5t ^u ! matt] "h pres5t$ to him1 8 
att5tion is call$ to ! foll[+ selection 
( passages f diff]5t p>ts ( ! ,bible1 9 
:i* x w n[ be g5]ally ackn[l$g$ by      
compet5t judges t ! translators ( #afaa 
h fail$ to give a fai?ful repres5tation 
( ! mean+ ( ! orig9al texts3  ,g54 iv4  
#ae is r5d]$1 9 ! v]sion ( #afaa1 z 9   
previ\s v]sions3 8,& ! ,"l set a m>k ^u 
,ca91 le/ any f9d+ him %\ld kill him10 &
 no small am\nt ( +5uity has be5 wa/$ 9 

! endeav\r to decide :at ?is suppos$ m>k
 ^u ! body ( ,ca9 might be4 ,! r5d]+    
moreov] altoge!r misrepres5t$ ! import (
 ! passage4 ,! 8m>k0 or 8sign0 0 n      
some?+ int5d$ = ! w>n+ ( o!rs1 b 0 giv5 
to remove ! fe>s ( ,ca9 himself1        
express$ 9 v]ses #ac1 #ad3 8,! ,"l set a
 sign = ,ca9 to assure him t :oev] f\nd 
him w\ld n kill him40  ,g54 xx4 #af4 ,"h
 ,abimele* is made to say to ,s>ah1     
8,behold1 ,i h giv5 ?y bro!r a ?\s&     
pieces ( silv]2 behold1 he is to !e a   
cov]+ ( ! eyes1 ) all t are ) !e1 & )   
all o!r2 ?us %e 0 reprov$10 a /atem5t   
:i* is bo? mislead+ & obscure4 ,x 0 n   
,abraham1 b ! pres5t ( money1 t 0 to be 
= ,s>ah a cov]+ ( ! eyes1 t is1 a       
te/imony to h] virtue1 & by ?is act ( ! 
k+ %e 0 n reprov$ = h] conduct1 b 0     
cle>$ 9 h] "*4 ,! latt] "p %\ld be      
r5d]$1 8,behold1 x %all be to !e a cov]+
 ( ! eyes 444 & ?us %e 0 right$40       
,exod4 xvi4 #ae4 8,& :5 ! *ildr5 (      
,israel saw x1 !y said "o to ano!r1 ,x  
is manna1 = !y wi/ n :at x 040 ,to !    

ord9>y read] ?is seems to involve a     
contradiction2 b ! /umbl+-block is at   
once remov$ by ! m fai?ful r5d]+1 8,!y  
said "o to ano!r1 ,:at is x8 = !y wi/ n 
:at x 040 ,fur!r on1 9 v]se #ca1 x is   
/at$ t f ?is cry1 8,:at is x80 ! bread f
 heav5 ?us giv5 to !m 0 call$ ,manna1 or
 m correctly ,man 7! ,hebrew ^w =       
,:at874  ,jo%4 vi4 #d4 8,& sev5 prie/s  
%all be> be=e ! ark sev5 trumpets (     
rams' horns40 ,?is is a v un=tunate     
r5d]+2 = n only are rams' horns solid1 &
 s also unsuitable = w9d in/rum5ts1 b   
also x is only by ! m]e/ fancy t any    
ref]5ce to rams c be br\ght 9 at all4 ,!
 ^w r5d]$ 8rams0 is 8jubilee10 ! same z 
t giv5 to ! great ,ye> ( ,release4 ,x   
d5otes ei!r "s k9d ( trumpet1 & is s us$
 ,exod4 xix4 #ac1 or ! s\nd or signal   
giv5 by a trumpet4 ,! ,ye> ( ,release   
d]ives its "n1 ! ,ye> ( ,jubilee1 f !   
solemn s\nd+ ( trumpets ?r\gh\t ! l& )  
:i* x 0 inaugurat$4 ,! orig9al t]m %\ld 
"h be kept1 & ! v]se %\ld read1 8,& sev5
 prie/s %all be> be=e ! ark sev5        

trumpets ( jubilee40#fg  ,judges v4 #g4 
8,! inhabitants ( ! villages ceas$1 !y  
ceas$ 9 ,israel1 until t ,i ,deborah    
arose1 t ,i arose a "m 9 ,israel40 ,"h !
 translators fir/ ( all misund]/ood ! ^w
 :i* !y h r5d]$ 8villages10 & 7 !n driv5
 to introduce ! words 8! inhabitants (10
 = :i*1 z ! italics %[1 !re 0 no?+ 9 !  
,hebrew4 ,! picture really drawn 9 !    
v]se is n t ( ! depopulation ( ! c\ntry1
 b ( ! def5celess & disorganiz$         
condition ( ! p ?r\gh ! abs5ce ( judges 
or rul]s4 ,! ,septuag9t gives ! true    
s5se3 8,! rul]s ceas$1 !y ceas$ 9       
,israel40#fh  ,judges xv4 #ai4 8,b ,god 
clave an holl[ place t 0 9 ! jaw1 & !re 
came wat] !re\t40 ,a /range             
misrepres5tation ( ! mean+ ( ! orig9al4 
,! holl[ place 0 n 9 ! jaw-bone ) :i*   
,sampson _h sla9 ! ,phili/9es1 b 9 "s   
cliff 9 ! neighb\rhood1 & :i* d]iv$ its 
"n1 ,rama?-lehi1 or m briefly ,lehi1 f  
?is memorable exploit4 ,! words %\ld be 
r5d]$1 8,b ,god clave ! holl[ place :i* 
is 9 ,lehi40  #a ,sam4 ix4 #bj4 8,& z = 

?9e asses t 7 lo/ ?ree days ago1 set n  
?y m9d on !m1 = !y are f\nd4 ,& on :om  
is all ! desire ( ,israel8 ,is x n on !e
 & on all ?y fa!r's h\se80 ,a ne$less   
difficulty is "h creat$ by sugge/+ t    
already ! he>ts ( ! p _h be5 set ^u     
,saul = _! future k+1 :]eas 8 future    
elevation to t (fice 0 z yet kn[n to    
,samuel only4 ,?is is remov$ by ! "r    
r5d]+3 8,^: are all ! desirable ?+s (   
,israel8 ,are !y n = !e1 & = ?y fa!r's  
h\se40#fi  #b ,sam4 v4 #f4 8,except ?\  
take away ! bl9d & ! lame ?\ %alt n come
 9 hi!r20 a /atem5t to :i* ! read] f9ds 
x difficult to atta* any appropriate    
s5se4 ,! v]se is correctly r5d]$ by     
,cov]dale1 :o reads1 8,?\ %alt n come   
hi!r1 b ! blynde & lame %all dryve !e   
awaie40  #b ,sam4 xiv4 #ad4 8,= we mu/  
ne$s die1 & are z wat] spilt on ! gr\nd1
 :i* _c be ga!r$ up aga92 nei!r do? ,god
 respect any p]son3 yet do? he devise   
means1 t 8 bani%$ be n expell$ f him40  
,! /atem5t t ,god do? n respect any     
p]son1 h[ev] true 9 itself1 has "h no   

relation to ! context4 ,! natural mean+ 
( ! orig9al words is v diff]5t1 8,god   
do? n take away life10 t is1 z %[n by   
:at imm$iately foll[s1 does n at once & 
)\t m]cy inflict puni%m5t z soon z guilt
 is incurr$1 b 8devise? means10 c4  #b  
,k+s viii4 #ac4 8,& ,hazael said1 ,b    
:at1 is ?y s]vant a dog1 t he %\ld d ?is
 great ?+80 ,?us read1 ! words imply t  
,hazael %rank indignantly f ! actions   
describ$ 9 ! prec$+ v]se2 :]eas ! s5se (
 ! passage is t he view$ himself z too  
insignificant a p]son to d :at he cle>ly
 reg>d$ z a great exploit4 8,b :at is ?y
 s]vant1 ! or ?is dog1 t he %\ld d ?is  
great ?+80  #a ,*ron4 xvi4 #g4 8,!n on t
 day ,david deliv]$ fir/ ?is psalm to   
?ank ! ,"l into ! h& ( ,asaph & 8       
bre?r540 ,?is conveys ! impression t !  
psalm :i* foll[s is ! fir/ psalm t      
,david publi%$1 :]eas ! /atem5t is t on 
?is memorable day--! day on :i* ,david  
br\ght up ! ark f ! h\se ( ,ob$-edom--he
 =mally appo9t$ ,asaph & 8 bre?r5 to !  
(fice ( sup]9t5d+ ! s]vice ( praise4    

7,comp>e v]se #cg47 8,!n on t day ,david
 fir/ gave ! prais+ ( ! ,"l into ! h& ( 
,asaph & 8 bre?r540#gj  ,job iv4 #f4    
8,is n ?is ?y fe>1 ?y confid5ce1 ?y     
hope1 & ! uprightness ( ?y ways80 ,by ! 
ins]tion ( 8?is10 a wrong complexion is 
giv5 to ! passage4 ,eliphaz1 9 ref]5ce  
to ,job's fa9t+ "u 8 suff]+s1 calls     
att5tion to ! confid5ce he _h =m]ly     
pr(ess$ on ! gr\nd ( 8 fe> ( ,god & ( ! 
uprightness ( 8 conduct2 & s indirectly 
sugge/s t ,job's piety & uprightness _h 
be5 unreal4 8,is n ?y fe> i4e4 ?y fe> ( 
,god1 ?y piety ?y confid5ce2 & ?y hope1 
is x n ev5 ! integrity ( ?y ways80  ,job
 xix4 #bf4 8,& ?\gh aft] my sk9 worms   
de/roy ?is body1 yet 9 my fle% %all ,i  
see ,god40 ,z ! italics %[1 ! orig9al   
conta9s no?+ correspond+ to ! words     
8?\gh10 8worms10 & 8body40 ,_! ins]tion 
does n inde$ *ange radically ! mean+ ( !
 v]se1 b !y weak5 its =ce1 & 9 a measure
 alt] its imag]y4 ,! picture pres5t$ by 
! orig9al is a v vivid "o4 ,! patri>*1  
po9t+ to 8 body wa/+ away "u disease1   

says1 8,aft] my sk9 is de/roy$ ?us1 yet 
f my fle% %all ,i see ,god40  ,job xxiv4
 #af4 8,9 ! d>k !y dig ?r\gh h\ses1 :i* 
!y _h m>k$ = !mselves 9 ! daytime2 !y "k
 n ! light40 ,"h ! mean+ ( ! second     
clause has be5 altoge!r miss$1 & ! :ole 
passage is !reby greatly obscur$4 ,!    
writ] is describ+ ! de$s ( ^? :o rebel  
aga9/ ! light & love ! d>kness3 z ) !   
murd]] 7v4 #ad7 & ! adult]] 7v4 #ae71 s 
is x ) ! robb]4 8,9 ! d>k !y dig ?r\gh  
h\ses2 9 ! daytime !y %ut !mselves up2  
!y "k n ! light40  ,job xxxi4 #ce4 8,oh 
t "o w\ld he> me6 behold1 my desire is1 
t ! ,almighty w\ld answ] me1 & t m9e    
adv]s>y _h writt5 a book40 ,job1 hav+   
ass]t$ 8 innoc5ce1 expresses 8 /rong    
desire t ! *>ges aga9/ him might be     
br\ght = decision be=e ! div9e tribunal4
 ,he1 on 8 "p1 is q prep>$ = ! trial2   
!re1 he says1 is 8 /atem5t1 sign$ &     
seal$2 let ! adv]s>y 9 l mann] pres5t 8 
indictm5t2 he w\ld !n be sure ( a       
triumphant issue4 8,oh t ,i _h "o :o    
w\ld he> me6 ,behold my m>k6 ,may !     

,almighty answ] me1 & t ,i _h !         
accusation t my adv]s>y _h writt54      
,surely1 ,i w\ld c>ry x on my %\ld]1 ,i 
w\ld b9d x z *aplets ^u me40  ,ps4 xvi4 
#b1 #c4 8,?\ art my ,"l2 my goodness    
ext5de? n to !e4 ,b to ! sa9ts t are 9 !
 e>?1 & to ! excell5t1 9 :om is all my  
delight40 ,e read] ( ?is psalm mu/ h    
felt h[ obscure1 if n un9telligible1 are
 ^! words4 ,a m fai?ful r5d]+ gives a   
cle> & appropriate s5se1 8,?\ art my    
,"l1 ,i h no good above !e4 ,z = ! sa9ts
 on ! e>?1 & ! excell5t1 9 !m is all my 
delight40#ga  ,ps4 xlii4 #d4 8,:5 ,i    
rememb] ^! ?+s1 ,i p\r out my s\l 9 me1 
= ,i _h gone ) ! multitude4 ,i w5t ) !m 
to ! h\se ( ,god40 ,! words ( ! ,psalmi/
 are n1 z ?is r5d]+ makes !m to be1 a   
m]e /atem5t ( :at happ5s :5ev] he       
rememb]s ! sorr[s ( ! pa/1 & ! mock]y ( 
8 adv]s>ies4 ,!y are a decl>ation ( 8   
purpose to rememb]1 ) lively emotion &  
gratitude1 ! privileges & m]cies ) :i*  
he _h be5 bless$4 8,i w rememb] ^! ?+s  
i4e4 ! ?+s he is ab\t to m5tion1 & ,i w 

p\r out my s\l )9 me1 h[ ,i pass$ along 
) ! multitude1 h[ ,i w5t ) !m or h[ ,i  
l$ !m to ! h\se ( ,god40  ,ps4 xlix4 #e4
 8,:]e=e %\ld ,i fe> 9 ! days ( evil1 :5
 ! iniquity ( my heels %all compass me  
ab\t80 ,?is1 ?\gh seem+ly an exact r5d]+
 ( ! ,hebrew1 :olly misleads ! ,engli%  
read]4 ,! phrase1 8iniquity ( my heels10
 c only sugge/ to him ! iniquity :i* !  
man himself has committ$1 a s5se :i* is 
altoge!r unsuit$ to ! passage4 ,!       
,psalmi/ w\ld nev] say t 8 own p]sonal  
transgressions 7 n to him a gr\nd ( fe>4
 ,! ^w1 :i* 9 ,hebrew means 8heel10 is t
 also :i*1 by a slight modification1 =ms
 ! "n ( ! patri>* ,jacob1 ! 8,heel]10 or
 supplant] ( 8 bro!r4 ,9 ! op9ion ( _m  
s*ol>s1 ! simple =m "h us$ admits ( !   
same mean+1 & !y r5d]1 8:5 ! iniquity ( 
my supplant]s or ! iniquity ( ^? :o plot
 aga9/ me compasse? me ab\t40 ,:atev] be
 ! true explanation ( ! ,hebrew phrase1 
x is q c]ta9 t x is ! iniquity ( o!rs1 &
 n ( ! speak]1 :i* is ref]r$ to4 ,"s    
*ange1 !re=e1 9 ! r5d]+ is cle>ly call$ 

=4  ,ps4 xci4 #i1 #aj4 8,because ?\ ha/ 
made ! ,"l1 :i* is my refuge1 ev5 ! ,mo/
 ,high1 ?y habitation2 !re %all no evil 
befall !e10 c4 ,! e>li] ,engli%         
translations1 ! ,bi%ops'1 ! ,g5evan1 !  
,great ,bible1 & ,wycliffe's1 h all kept
 ne>] to ! orig9al ?an ?is4 ,! mo/      
anci5t v]sion ( all1 ! ,septuag9t1 r5d]s
 x correctly4 ,! psalm is "o ( ^? :i*   
are int5d$ to be sung by two s+]s1 or   
two companies ( s+]s1 respond+ "o to !  
o!r1 & h5ce arises ! frequ5t *ange (    
p]son t occurs 9 x4 ,9 ! fir/ clause (  
?is v]se we h "o ( ! s+]s *ant+1 8,= ?\1
 ,o ,"l1 art my refuge40 ,9 ! second    
clause we h ! response ( ! o!r s+]1 8,?\
 ha/ made ! ,mo/ ,high ?y habitation2   
!re %all no evil befall !e10 c41 d[n to 
end ( v]se #ac4  ,eccl4 iv4 #ad4 8,= out
 ( prison he come? to reign2 :]eas1     
also1 he t is born 9 8 k+dom become?    
poor40 ,! mean+ atta*$ by ! ,revis]s (  
#afaa to ! second clause seems to be1 t 
! old & fooli% k+ ref]r$ to 9 ! previ\s 
v]se1 :o 0 8born 9 8 k+dom10 t is1 :o   

succe$$ to ! k+ly p[] by inh]itance1    
becomes1 ?r\gh 8 ob/9acy1 a poor man4   
,?is s5se c only be got f ! words by mu*
 /ra9+1 & has l$ to ! introduction ( !  
^w 8become?10 :i* repres5ts no?+ 9 !    
orig9al4#gb ,! correct r5d]+ gives a    
pla9 & suitable s5se3 8,= f ! h\se (    
prison]s he goe? =? to reign1 al?\gh 9 8
 k+dom namely1 ! k+dom ov] :i* he n[    
rules he 0 born poor40  ,isa4 lxiii4    
#ai4 8,we are ?9e3 ?\ nev] b>e/ rule ov]
 !m2 !y 7 n call$ by ?y "n40 ,! s5se (  
?is passage is entirely *ang$ by !      
introduction ( ! ^w 8?9e40 ,! v]se is ! 
p5it5tial ackn[l$gm5t ( ! depress$      
condition into :i* ! nation _h fall5 9  
consequ5ce ( its s9s4 ,!y are no long] z
 ! *os5 inh]itance 7v4 #ag71 !y are z an
 ali5 p4 ,! ,g5evan translators give !  
true s5se ( ! passage1 8,we h be5 bett]1
 ,we are become z !y ov] :om ?\ nev]    
b>e/ rule1 & ^u :om ?y "n 0 n call$40   
,j]4 iv4 #a1 #b4 8,if ?\ wilt return1 ,o
 ,israel1 sai? ! ,"l1 return unto me3 & 
if ?\ wilt put away ?9e abom9ations out 

( my sight1 !n %alt ?\ n remove4 ,& ?\  
%alt swe>1 ,! ,"l live?1 9 tru?1 9      
judgm5t1 & 9 righte\sness2 & ! nations  
%all bless !mselves 9 him1 & 9 him %all 
!y glory40 ,?is z x /&s is hopelessly   
obscure4 ,! passage is an emphatic      
ann\ncem5t ( ! bless+s t w\ld come to ! 
nations f ! p5it5t return ( ,israel to  
its fai?ful allegiance4 ,if ,israel w   
return1 w put away all its abom9ations1 
& no long] swe>+ by idols1 z if !y 7 !  
highe/ objects ( rev]5ce1 %\ld make 9   
tru? & uprightness _! appeals to        
,jehovah1 !n ! nations w\ld %>e 9 !     
bless$ness ( ! k+dom4 8,if ?\ wilt      
return1 ,o ,israel1 sai? ! ,"l1 wilt    
return unto me1 & if ?\ wilt put away   
?9e abom9ations out ( my sight1 & wilt n
 g a/ray1 & wilt swe>1 #8,! ,"l live?' 9
 tru?1 9 judgm5t1 & 9 righte\sness1 !n !
 nations %all bless !mselves 9 him10 c4 
,ezek4 x4 #ad4 8,& e "o _h f\r faces3 ! 
fir/ face 0 ! face ( a *]ub1 & ! second 
face 0 ! face ( a man1 & ! ?ird ! face (
 a lion1 & ! f\r? ! face ( an eagle40   

,?is conveys a wrong impression4 ,!     
prophet is describ+1 n z he is "h       
repres5t$1 ! f\r faces ( all ! *]ubim1 b
 "o face only ( ea*4 ,! ,bi%ops' ,bible 
gives ! true s5se by r5d]+1 8,e "o ( !m 
_h f\r faces1 s t ! face ( ! fir/ 0 !   
face ( a *]ub1 & ! face ( ! second 0 !  
face ( a man1 & ( ! ?ird ! face ( a     
lion1 & ( ! f\r? ! face ( an eagle40    
,ezek4 xxii4 #ae1 #af4 8,& ,i w scatt]  
!e among ! hea!n1 & disp]se !e 9 !      
c\ntries1 & w consume ?y fil?9ess out ( 
!e4 ,& ?\ %alt take ?9e inh]itance 9    
?yself 9 ! sight ( ! hea!n1 & ?\ %alt "k
 t ,i am ! ,"l40 ,! d>k phrase1 8?\ %alt
 take ?9e inh]itance 9 ?yself10 is      
commonly expla9$ to mean1 t :]eas       
a=etime !y 7 ,god's inh]itance1 !y %all 
n[ be left to f9d _! inh]itance by      
!mselves4 ,a m lucid & m suitable mean+ 
is giv5 to ! words by ! r5d]+ adopt$ by 
mo/ mod]n comm5tators1 8?\ %alt be      
pr(an$ ?r\gh ?yself 9 ! sight ( !       
nations40  ,dan4 iii4 #be4 8,lo1 ,i see 
f\r m5 loose1 walk+ 9 ! mid/ ( ! fire1 &

 !y h no hurt2 & ! =m ( ! f\r? is l !   
,son ( ,god40 ,x is cle>ly mislead+ to  
attribute to ,nebu*adnezz> any su*      
exalt$ conception z t :i* we atta* to ! 
phrase1 8! ,son ( ,god10 & s to r5d] !  
clause misrepres5ts ! orig9al4 ,!       
correct translation is 8"o l to a son ( 
! gods40 ,a simil> error occurs 9 vii4  
#ac1 :]e 8"o l ! ,son ( man10 %\ld be   
8"o l a son ( man40  ,hos4 vi4 #c4 8,!n 
%all we "k1 if we foll[ on to "k ! ,"l20
 ?us mak+ ! prophet to decl>e t !       
atta9m5t ( k is dep5d5t ^u our          
p]sev]ance 9 ! se>* aft] x4 ,?is is an  
important tru?1 b is n ! mean+ ( ! v]se1
 :i* is simply an emphatic exhortation  
to "k ,god & to p]sev]e 9 kn[+ ,him4    
8,yea1 let u "k1 let u foll[ on to "k1 !
 ,"l40  ,hosea xiii4 #ad4 8,o dea?1 ,i w
 be ?y plagues2 ,o grave1 ,i w be ?y    
de/ruction40 ,?\gh !re is "s diff]5ce ( 
op9ion respect+ ! "r r5d]+ ( ! e>li] "p 
( ?is v]se1 all are agre$ t ^! %\ld be  
r5d]$ z !y are quot$ 9 #a ,cor4 xv4 #ee1
 8,:]e are ?y plagues1 ,o dea?8 ,:]e is 

?y de/ruction1 ,o grave80  ,matt4 vi4   
#af4 ,! r5d]+ 8!y disfigure _! faces1 t 
!y may appe> unto m5 to fa/10 misleads !
 read] by convey+ ! impression t !      
,ph>isees 7 endeav\r+ to obta9 cr$it "u 
false pret5ces--7 seem+ to fa/ :5 n do+ 
s 9 reality2 :]eas ! conduct condemn$ is
 t ( p>ad+1 & call+ public att5tion to1 
_! religi\s obs]vances4 8,!y disfigure  
_! faces1 t !y may be se5 ( m5 t !y are 
fa/+40#gc ,s also 9 v]se #ah4  ,matt4   
xi4 #b4 8,n[ :5 ,john _h he>d 9 ! prison
 ! works ( ,*ri/1 he s5t two ( 8        
disciples40 ,"h ! true =ce ( ! passage  
is miss$4 8,*ri/10 z us$ by u1 is a     
prop] "n1 designat+ ! p]son1 & n simply 
! (fice ( our ,"l4 ,x 0 n because ,john 
_h he>d ( c]ta9 works done by ,jesus (  
,naz>e? t he s5t 8 disciples to ,him1 b 
because he recogniz$ 9 ! acc\nts :i* 7  
br\ght to him de$s *>act]i/ic ( ! ,*ri/1
 ! promis$ ,messiah4 8,:5 ,john he>d 9 !
 prison ! works ( ! ,*ri/40  ,matt4 xv4 
#c4 8,:y d ye also transgress ! comm&m5t
 ( ,god by y\r tradition80 ,! comm&m5t (

 ,god might inde$ be transgress$ by     
compliance ) ! traditions ( m51 b ?is is
 n ! mean+ ( our ,"l's words4 ,!        
,ph>isees _h ask$ :y ! disciples did n  
obs]ve ! traditions ( ! eld]s respect+  
wa%+4 ,our ,"l ju/ifies !m by call+     
att5tion to ! wrong do+ ( ^? :o s exalt$
 ^! outw>d obs]vations1 9 !mselves m]e  
matt]s ( indiff]5ce1 z on _! acc\nt to  
make void ! comm&m5ts ( ,god4 8,:y d ye 
also transgress ! comm&m5t ( ,god = !   
sake ( y\r tradition80#gd  ,m>k vi4 #bj4
 8,= ,h]od fe>$ ,john1 kn[+ t he 0 a j  
man & an holy1 & obs]v$ him40 ,?is      
errone\s r5d]+ has come d[n ?r\gh       
,tyndale1 ! ,great ,bible1 & ! ,g5evan1 
! la/ ( ^!1 h[ev]1 giv+ x 9 ! less      
obscure =m1 8& did him rev]5ce40 ,!     
passage is rightly giv5 by ,wycliffe1 8&
 kept him20 i4e4 kept him 9 safety4     
,luke i4 #ei4 8,& !y call$ him          
,za*>ias40 ,! =m employ$ 9 ! ,greek     
expresses t ! action "h spok5 ( 0       
attempt$ only1 n complet$1 8!y w\ld h   
call$ him ,za*>ias40  ,luke xxi4 #ai4   

8,9 y\r pati5ce possess ye y\r s\ls10 a 
translation :i* altoge!r misses ! mean+4
 ,! clause is n an exhortation to !     
ma9t5ance ( a calm composure 9 tr\ble1 b
 is an exhortation to ! acquirem5t ( a  
high] & nobl] life ?r\gh ! brave        
endurance ( suff]+4 8,9 y\r pati5ce w9  
ye y\r lives40 ,9 ! bett] texts ?is is  
giv5 9 ! =m ( an assurance3 8,9 y\r     
pati5ce ye %all w9 y\r lives40  ,luke   
xxiii4 #ae4 8,no1 nor yet ,h]od3 = ,i   
s5t y to him2 & lo1 no?+ wor?y ( dea? is
 done unto him40 ,words unto :i* an     
intelligible s5se c be put only by /ra9+
 !m to mean t no?+ _h be5 done to our   
,"l to %[ t 9 ! judgm5t ( ,h]od ,he 0   
wor?y ( dea?4 ,all obscurity is remov$  
by ! m fai?ful r5d]+1 8no?+ wor?y ( dea?
 ha? be5 done by him40  ,john iv4 #bg4  
8,& ^u ?is came 8 disciples1 & m>vell$ t
 he talk$ ) ! woman40 ,! surprise ( !   
disciples 0 n occasion$ by ! fact t our 
,"l 0 conv]s+ ) ?is p>ticul> woman2 !y 7
 surpris$ t ,he %\ld talk ) any woman4  
,! correct r5d]+ is1 z giv5 by !        

,rheims1 8& !y m>ueil$ t he talk$ ) a   
woman40  ,john v4 #ce4 8,he 0 a burn+ & 
a %9+ light40 ,?\gh ?is1 by frequ5t     
quotation1 has pass$ into a sort (      
prov]bial phrase1 x is a mo/ un=tunate  
r5d]+1 & gives an entirely wrong        
impression ( ! mean+ ( ! passage4 ,z ?us
 read x sets =? ! pre-em95ce ( ,john1   
:]eas its true import is to emphasize ! 
subord9ate nature ( 8 (fice & "w4 ,*ri/1
 z /at$ 9 ! fir/ *apt] ( ?is ,gospel1 0 
8! ,light40 ,9 comp>ison ) ,him1 ,john 0
 only a lamp :i*1 9 ord] t x may give   
light1 mu/ fir/ be k9dl$ f "s o!r s\rce4
 8,he 0 ! lamp :i* is k9dl$ & s %9e?40  
,john xv4 #c4 8,n[ ye are clean ?r\gh ! 
^w :i* ,i h spok5 unto y10 ?us repres5t+
 ! ^w to be ! in/rum5t ?r\gh :i* !      
cleans+ 0 wr\ght4 ,b ?\gh ?is be true1 x
 is n ! tru? "h set =?4 ,x 0 n 8?r\gh10 
b 8on acc\nt (0 ! ^w1 i4e4 because ( its
 virtue & its cleans+ p[]1 t !y 7 clean4
 ,"h1 aga91 ,wycliffe is free f ! error 
into :i* all ! lat] translators 7except 
! ,rheims7 h fall54 ,he r5d]s1 8,n[ ye  

b5 cl5e = ! ^w t ,i haue spokun to y40  
,acts ii4 #bc4 8,ye h tak51 & by wick$  
h&s h crucifi$ & sla940 ,! ord9>y read] 
naturally takes ! 8wick$ h&s0 to be !   
h&s ( ! ,jews1 :]eas ! ref]5ce is to !  
,romans1 ?r\gh ^: ag5cy ! ,jews br\ght  
ab\t ! crucifixion ( ,*ri/1 8& by ! h&s 
( lawless m51 ye crucifi$ & slew40      
,wycliffe1 ,tyndale1 ,cov]dale1 !       
,g5evan1 ! ,bi%ops1 & ! ,rheims1 all    
r5d] ?is clause correctly4  ,acts xi4   
#ag4 8,=asmu* !n z ,god gave !m ! l gift
 z he did unto u1 :o believ$ on ! ,"l   
,jesus ,*ri/40 ,?is is incorrect1 &     
sugge/s a false contra/ betwe5 8u0 &    
8!m10 z if ! latt] 7 n believ]s4 ,fai? 9
 ,*ri/ is ! gr\nd ^u :i*1 9 ! case ( bo?
 p>ties1 ! gifts ref]r$ to 7 receiv$4 ,!
 v]se is ?us giv5 by ,tyndale3 8,= z    
mo*e !n z ,god gave !m lyke gyftes1 z he
 dyd unto vs :5 we belev$ on ! ,lorde   
,iesus ,*ri/40  ,acts xxvi4 #bc4 8,t    
,*ri/ %\ld suff]1 & t he %\ld be ! fir/ 
t %\ld rise f ! dead1 & %\ld %[ light   
unto ! p1 & to ! ,g5tiles40 ,?is bo?    

ne$lessly sugge/s a difficulty to _m    
read]s1 & altoge!r conceals "o ma9 po9t 
( ! passage2 namely1 t ! resurrection ( 
,*ri/ 0 ! great s\rce f :i* illum9ation 
w\ld come bo? to ,jews & to ,g5tiles1 8&
 t ,he fir/ by ,8 resurrection f ! dead 
%\ld proclaim light to ! p & to !       
,g5tiles40  ,rom4 ix4 #c4 8,= ,i c\ld   
wi% t myself 7 accurs$ f ,*ri/ = my     
bre?r51 my k9sm5 accord+ to ! fle%40    
,su* a wi% x is impossible t ! ,apo/le  
c\ld h ent]ta9$4 ,8 words are !         
expression ( 8 /rong affection = 8      
fell[-c\ntrym54 8,i c\ld h wi%$10 c42   
i4e4 if su* a wi% _h be5 "r or possible4
  ,rom4 xiii4 #aa4 8,& t1 kn[+ ! "t1 t  
n[ x is high "t to awake out ( sleep3 = 
n[ is our salvation ne>] ?an :5 we      
believ$40 ,?is is ambigu\s ,engli%1 &   
?\gh a v c>eful read] might ga!r ! true 
s5se f ?is r5d]+1 x is v liable to be   
tak5 z if mean+ t our salvation is ne>] 
?an we anticipat$2 nor is ! ambiguity   
remov$ by ! ,g5evan1 :i* reads1 8ne>]   
?an :5 we believ$ x40 ,! ref]5ce is to !

 "t ( _! fir/ ex]cise ( fai? 9 ,*ri/1   
8ne>] ?an :5 we fir/ believ$40  #a ,cor4
 i4 #ba4 8,= aft] t 9 ! wisdom ( ,god ! 
_w by wisdom knew n ,god1 x pleas$ ,god 
by ! fooli%ness ( prea*+ to save !m t   
believe40 ,?is r5d]+ has be5 a f]tile   
s\rce ( error1 z if prea*+ 0 9 itself1  
or z view$ by ! ,cor9?ians1 an          
inappropriate means = ! diffusion ( !   
,gospel1 a ?\ght altoge!r at v>iance ) !
 tone ( ! context1 & ) ! facts ( hi/ory4
 ,! ,greeks 71 ( all ! peoples (        
antiquity1 ! lea/ dispos$ to ?9k lightly
 ( oratory1 & ! :ole t5or ( ! passage   
%[s t _! t5d5cy 0 to ov]rate1 n         
und]rate1 ! p[] ( spee*4 ,:at 0         
fooli%ness to !m 0 n ! act ( prea*+1 b !
 doctr9e prea*$--salvation ?r\gh a      
crucifi$ ,*ri/4 ,! ,rheims "h cle>ly    
en\gh gives ! true s5se1 8x pleas$ ,god 
by ! foli%nes ( ! prea*+ to saue !m t   
beleeue40  #a ,cor4 ix4 #e4 8,h we n p[]
 to lead ab\t a si/]1 a wife1 z well z  
o!r apo/les80 ,?is mode ( spee* implies 
t "s only ( ! o!r apo/les 7 m>ri$4 ,:at 

! ,greek /ates is t all or mo/ ( !m 74  
,"h aga9 ! ,rheims correctly r5d]s1 8z  
also ! re/ ( ! ,apo/les40  #b ,cor4 v4  
#ad4 8,because we ?us judge1 t if "o di$
 = all1 !n 7 all dead10 ?us seem+ to    
imply t ! dea? ( ,*ri/ ^u ! cross is a  
pro( t all m5 7 9 a /ate ( spiritual    
dea?2 :]eas ! conclusion :i* ! ,apo/le  
draws f ! dea? ( ,*ri/ is1 t all :o     
truly believe 9 ,him die to _! old      
fle%ly s9ful life1 8because we ?us      
judge1 t if "o di$ = all1 !n all di$40  
,eph4 iii #aj4 8,to ! int5t t n[ unto ! 
pr9cipalities & p[]s 9 heav5ly places   
might be kn[n by ! *ur* ! manifold      
wisdom ( ,god40 ,x w\ld only be aft] mu*
 c>eful consid]ation t ! read] ( ^!     
words w\ld discov] t !y _c mean t !     
manifold wisdom ( ,god is to be kn[n by 
! ,*ur*4 ,:at ! ,apo/le really /ates is1
 t x 0 9 ! ,div9e purpose t ?r\gh !     
,*ur* ! manifold wisdom ( ,god 0 to be  
made kn[n to ! angelic p[]s4 ,( all !   
anci5t v]sions ! ,rheims1 ?\gh "h1 z    
usual1 disfigur$ by its (f5sive         

,lat9isms1 mo/ cle>ly expresses ! s5se (
 ! v]se2 its r5d]+ is1 8t ! manifold    
wisdom ( ,god may be notifi$ to !       
,pr9ces & ,pot5tates 9 ! cele/ials by ! 
,*ur*40  ,phil4 iv4 #c4 8,& ,i intreat  
!e also1 true yokefell[1 help ^? wom5   
:i* lab\r$ ) me 9 ! gospel40 ,?is leaves
 x q unc]ta9 :o are ! wom5 ref]r$ to1   
:]eas 9 ! orig9al x is pla9 t !y are !  
two wom5 previ\sly ref]r$ to1 ,euodia1 &
 ,synty*e2 & ! reason :y x is urg$ t    
assi/ance %\ld be giv5 to !m1 is t !y _h
 bravely %>$ ) ,paul 9 ! toil & conflict
 ( ! ,*ri/ian s]vice4 8,help !m1 = !y h 
lab\r$ ) me 9 ! gospel40  #a ,tim4 iv4  
#ae4 8,m$itate ^u ^! ?+s40 ,?is :olly   
fails to express ! apo/le's mean+4 ,8   
exhortation goes beyond ! region (      
?\ght2 x passes into ! sph]e ( active   
life1 & he urges ,timo?y to give himself
 to ! dilig5t practice ( ! sev]al       
dep>tm5ts ( lab\r previ\sly ref]r$ to4  
,( ! old translators1 ,tyndale gives x  
correctly1 8,^! ?ynges ex]cyse40  #a    
,tim4 vi4 #b4 8,& !y t h believ+ ma/]s1 

let !m n despise !m1 because !y are     
bre?r52 b r d !m s]vice1 because !y are 
fai?ful & belov$1 p>tak]s ( ! b5efit40  
,! la/ clause ( ?is passage has1 9 all  
probability1 griev\sly puzzl$ _m a      
read]2 b ) ! full] k ( ! ,greek syntax  
n[ possess$1 all obscurity passes away4 
,no s*ol> w\ld n[ hesitate 9 r5d]+1 8d  
!m s]vice because !y :o p>take ( !      
b5efit are fai?ful & belov$40#ge  #a    
,tim4 vi4 #e4 8,suppos+ t ga9 is        
godl9ess40 ,"h aga9 an unnecess>y       
difficulty is introduc$2 = x is h>d to  
see h[ any sane p]son c\ld consid] 8ga90
 to be 8godl9ess40 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is   
unhappily no uncommon exp]i5ce to meet )
 p]sons :o treat religion z a means (   
worldly advantage1 & x is to su* !      
,apo/le ref]s4 ,! correct r5d]+ is1     
8suppos+ t godl9ess is ga940#gf  ,heb4  
iv4 #b4 8,= unto u 0 ! gospel prea*$ z  
well z unto !m10 a r5d]+ :i* at once    
raises ! objection t 8! ,gospel10 9 !   
s5se :i* ord9>y read]s atta* to ! t]m1 0
 n prea*$ to ! ,israelites 9 !          

wild]ness2 nor does any ref]5ce to 8!   
,gospel0 occur 9 ! imm$iate context1 b  
simply to ! promise ( ent]+ into a re/4 
,! pla9 s5se ( ! passage is1 8unto u 7  
good tid+s prea*$ z well z unto !m40    
,heb4 viii4 #e4 8,:o s]ve unto ! example
 & %ad[ ( heav5ly ?+s40 ,! introduction 
( ! preposition 8unto0 almo/ entirely   
oblit]ates ! mean+ ( ! clause2 namely1 t
 ! ,mosaic prie/hood 7 ! m9i/]s1 n ( !  
true sanctu>y1 b ( t :i* is only its    
copy & %ad[4 ,! ,rheims correctly r5d]s1
 8t s]ve ! exampl> & %ad[ ( heav5ly     
?+s40  ,heb4 xiii4 #g1 #h4 8,^: fai?    
foll[1 consid]+ ! end ( _! conv]sation3 
,jesus ,*ri/ ! same ye/]day1 & to-day1 &
 = ev]40 ,"h !re is a d\ble error2 fir/1
 ! connection ( ! la/ clause ) ! prec$+1
 z if x 7 int5d$ to affirm t ,*ri/ 0 !  
end ( ! conv]sation ( _! fai?ful pa/ors2
 & secondly1 ! wrong s5se ?us giv5 to ! 
^w 8end10 :i* "h d5otes ! 8outcome0 or  
issue4 ,! ,hebrew ,*ri/ians are urg$ to 
imitate ! fai? ( _! pa/ors1 consid]+ !  
bless$ issue ( _! ,*ri/ian cause4 ,!n   

foll[s1 z an indep5d5t /atem5t1 !       
ass]tion ( ! un*angeabl5ess ( ,*ri/1    
:i*1 ?\gh n altoge!r disconnect$ 9 ?\ght
 ) :at prec$es1 /&s 9 /ill clos]        
connection ) :at foll[s3 8,consid]+ !   
issue ( _! way ( life1 imitate _! fai?4 
,jesus ,*ri/ is ! same ye/]day1 &       
to-day1 & = ev]40  ,su* are "s ( !      
passages f :i* x may be said1 t ?r\gh ! 
emphatic unanimity ( ,biblical s*ol>s   
all obscurity & d\bt h be5 remov$4 ,_!  
true mean+ may n[ be affirm$ ) a        
confid5ce t closely bord]s ^u moral     
c]ta9ty4 ,?r\gh num]\s comm5t>ies & o!r 
expository works1 ^! results ( s*ol>%ip 
are made widely kn[n1 & !y ^: duty x is 
to exp\nd ^! passages to o!rs are       
con/ra9$ to po9t out ! imp]fection t    
atta*es to ! r5d]+s giv5 9 ! ,engli%    
,bible n[ ord9>ily us$4 ,x is obvi\sly a
 mo/ undesirable ?+ t ! tea*] or prea*] 
%\ld be plac$ "u su* a necessity4 ,x is 
n at all times easy s to dis*>ge ! duty 
z t he %all give no (f5ce ev5 to educat$
 he>]s2 :ile ! simple-m9d$ & unle>n$ are

 pa9fully p]plex$2 &1 unprep>$ z !y are 
to e/imate ! limits ( possible error1   
seem to !mselves to be laun*$ ^u a      
b\ndless sea ( unc]ta9ty4 ,revision1    
!re=e1 becomes imp]ative1 bo? = ! sake (
 remov+ ackn[l$g$ blemi%es1 & also =    
reassur+ ! anxi\s t !y are tru/+ to a   
fai?ful guide1 & = %[+ to !m h[ little1 
comp>atively1 !re is 9 _! belov$ ,book t
 ne$s to be *ang$4     ,,lecture ,,vii4 
,,on ,,! ,,orig9al ,,texts1 ,,z ,,kn[n  
,,9 #afaa1 ,,& ,,z ,,n[ ,,kn[n4         
,ano!r1 & di/9ct1 class ( reasons = !   
fur!r revision ( ! ,engli% ,bible1      
arises f ! m abundant mat]ial n[        
possess$ = ! det]m9ation ( ! orig9al    
text ( ,scripture ?an 0 )9 ! rea* ( !   
,revis]s ( #afaa4  ,ev5 if ^! hon\r$ m5 
_h p]fectly fulfill$ _! "w1 & _h nev]   
err$ 9 _! int]pretation ( ! sacr$ books1
 ! result ( _! lab\rs w\ld /ill be op5  
to correction because ( ! less p]fect =m
 ( ! texts :i* !y set !mselves to       
translate4 ,! exact words us$ by !      
inspir$ writ]s are1 z 0 /at$ 9 ! fir/   

lecture1 n n[ to be f\nd 9 any "o book  
or manuscript4 ,!y h to be ga!r$ f v>i$ 
s\rces1 by long & c>eful lab\r1 dem&+   
mu* skill & le>n+4 ,^! s\rces1 moreov]1 
are s num]\s t ! inve/igation ( !m c be 
accompli%$ only by a l>ge division (    
lab\r1 no "o life be+ long en\gh = !    
task1 & no "o s*ol> hav+ k en\gh to     
complete x alone4 ,nev]!less1 x is well 
t our s\rces are ?us ext5sive4 ,_h "o   
copy only ( ! books ( ! ,old & ,new     
,te/am5t come d[n to u1 !n1 inde$1 we   
%\ld h be5 fre$ f ! necessity ( ?is     
manifold & labori\s rese>*1 b unless ?is
 7 ! orig9al copy itself1 we %\ld h _h  
no means :]eby to detect & to remove !  
errors :i* _h crept 9 f ! human         
imp]fections ( ! transcrib]s4 ,& ?\gh   
none ( ^! errata might 9 any s]i\s      
degree h affect$ ! great tru?s :i* !    
,bible conveys to u1 or h dim9i%$ our   
e/imate ( its surpass+ wor?1 !y w\ld h  
be5 z blots ^u its pages :i* our love & 
rev]5ce = x w\ld long to see remov$4 ,! 
great] ! numb] & v>iety ( our res\rces1 

! great] is our ability1 by ! exam9ation
 & comp>ison ( _! diff]5ces1 to remove  
^! blemi%es2 & ! great] also is !       
confid5ce we are able to feel 9 !       
absolute correctness ( ^? f> m num]\s & 
ext5sive passages 9 :i* our au?orities  
agree4 ,& h5ce1 ?\gh ! toil impos$ ^u u 
is s l>gely multipli$ !reby1 we _c b    
rejoice 9 ! numb] & ext5t ( our         
au?orities1 & we ga!r !refrom a fre%    
illu/ration ( ! say+1 t 89 all lab\r !re
 is pr(it40  ,! s\rces1 :5ce our k ( !  
orig9al texts is *iefly d]iv$1 are ?ree 
9 numb]3 7#a7 ,manuscripts conta9+ "o or
 m ( ! books ( ,scripture2 7#b7 ,anci5t 
,v]sions ( ! ,bible2 & 7#c7 ,quotations 
( ,scriptural passages f\nd 9 ! works ( 
e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s4         99        
99       99       99       99  ,respect+
 our ,manuscript ,au?orities1 ! fir/    
fact claim+ emphatic notice is1 t :ile 9
 ! case ( ! classic poets1 philosoph]s &
 hi/orians1 ! extant manuscript copies  
are numb]$ by t5s & sometimes ev5 by    
units1 ^? ( ! ,scriptures are numb]$ by 

hundr$s4 ,( ! ,new ,te/am5t alone ne>ly 
eighte5 hundr$ manuscripts h be5        
catalogu$ & m or less c>efully exam9$4  
,( ^! #fhe are manuscripts ( ! ,gospels1
 #bdh conta9 ! ,acts & ,ca?olic         
,epi/les1 #bih ! ,paul9e ,epi/les1 &    
#aaj ! ,apocalypse2 #dbh are            
,lection>ies or s]vice books ( ! ,greek 
*ur*1 #cdg ( :i* conta9 passages f !    
,gospels & #ha passages f ! ,acts & !   
,epi/les4 ,?us :ile our k ( ! int]e/+   
n>ratives ( ,h]odotus is dep5d5t ^u five
 or six au?orities only1 & ! hi/ory (   
,livy ^u eight or n9e only 7& none ( ^! 
conta9 ! :ole ev5 ( ! portions          
extant71#gg our k ( ! life & words ( our
 ,"l is drawn f ov] a ?\s& manuscript   
au?orities1 & ( :i* ! l>g] "p conta9 !  
:ole ( ! f\r ,gospels4  ,9 antiquity    
aga9 ! manuscripts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t f> 
surpass ^? ( classical au?ors4 ,few1 if 
any1 ( ! latt] are old] ?an ! n9? or t5?
 c5tury1 :ile ( ! =m] we h copies       
belong+ to ! f\r? & fif? c5turies4 ,!   
olde/ manuscripts are writt5 9 capital  

lett]s1 & on ?is acc\nt are call$       
uncial#gh manuscripts1 or briefly       
uncials4 ,lat] manuscripts are writt5 9 
a small] "*1 & 9 a /yle approa*+ to :at 
we call a runn+ h&1 & are h5ce nam$     
cursives4 ,( uncial manuscripts1 conta9+
 portions ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 "o hundr$ &
 fifty-eight h be5 exam9$ & catalogu$4  
,"s ( ! mo/ valuable ( ^! h be5 publi%$ 
"u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( c>eful editors4 ,o!rs
 h be5 ?or\ghly exam9$1 & _! v>iations s
 fai?fully not$ & record$1 t a private  
/ud5t is1 = mo/ practical purposes1     
plac$ 9 ! same position z ! possessor ( 
! manuscript itself4 ,?is "w is         
te*nically describ$ z collation1 & !    
am\nt ( pa9/ak+ lab\r sp5t ^u !         
collation ( ,biblical manuscripts dur+ !
 pa/ two hundr$ ye>s1 & especially 9 !  
la/ =ty or fifty ye>s1 is simply        
enorm\s4 ,to "o :o has nev] exam9$ a    
docum5t writt5 _m c5turies ago x is     
difficult to convey any adequate notion 
( ! am\nt ( "t & lab\r involv$ 9 !      
collation ev5 ( a s+le manuscript4 ,!   

unusual & v>y+ =ms ( ! lett]s1 !        
indi/9ctness ( ! *>act]s1 ! v>i\s       
contractions employ$ by ! scribe1 &1 z  
is ! case ) our mo/ anci5t docum5ts1 !  
non-sep>ation ( ^w f ^w1 & ! abs5ce (   
/ops1 r5d] ! m]e task ( deciph]+ !      
manuscript v difficult & pa9fully we>y+ 
to ! eyes4#gi ,mu* wat*ful att5tion is  
also dem&$1 z well z a good k ( !       
language1 9 mak+ ! prop] sep>ation ( !  
words1 & 9 judg+ aright ( any           
peculi>ities ( spell+ t may atta* to !  
writ]4 ,9 mak+ ! collation ( any        
,biblical manuscript--say ( ! ,new      
,te/am5t--! c\rse g5]ally pursu$ is z   
foll[s3 ,! collator procures a pr9t$    
copy ( ! ,greek text1 commonly ( "s     
well-kn[n edition1 & 9 ! m>g9 ( ?is he  
m>ks all ! v>iations ( ! manuscripts f !
 pr9t$ text be=e him1 :e!r ( omission1  
addition1 or o!rwise1 includ+ ev5       
v>iations 9 spell+4 ,he also m>ks       
c>efully :]e ea* l9e & page ( !         
manuscript beg9s & ends1 :at corrections
 or alt]ations h be5 made 9 x1 :e!r ^! 7

 made by ! orig9al writ] or by a lat]   
h&2 & :]e sev]al h&writ+s may be        
detect$1 he specifies & di/+ui%es ^!4   
,all ?is is done ) s mu* m9ut5ess t x   
w\ld be possible = ! collator to        
reproduce ! orig9al manuscript 9 e      
respect save 9 ! %ape ( ! lett]s & !    
appe>ance ( ! p>*m5t or pap]4  ,( !     
uncial manuscripts ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ! 
mo/ anci5t & important are !            
,,s9aitic1#hj writt5 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 & 
n[ deposit$ 9 ! ,imp]ial ,libr>y ( ,/4  
,pet]sburg2 ! ,,vatican1#ha also ( !    
f\r? c5tury1 & pres]v$ 9 ! ,vatican     
,libr>y at ,rome2 ! ,,alex&r9e1#hb ( !  
fif? c5tury1 n[ 9 ! ,briti% ,museum2 !  
,,ephraem ,,codex1#hc ( ! fif? c5tury1 9
 ! ,national ,libr>y at ,p>is2 ,,beza',s
 ,,codex1#hd ( ! six? c5tury1 9 !       
,univ]sity ,libr>y1 ,cambridge2 & !     
,,cl>omontane1#he also ( ! six? c5tury1 
:i* =m]ly belong$ to ,beza1 b is n[ 9 ! 
,national ,libr>y at ,p>is4 ,z w be se5 
pres5tly1 only two ( ^! mo/ anci5t      
manuscripts 7 available = ! prep>ation (

 ! text f :i* ! translators ( #afaa made
 _! revision4 ,! ,alex&r9e 0 n br\ght to
 light until #afbh1 :5 x 0 pres5t$ to   
,*>les ,i4 by ,cyril ,luc>1 patri>* (   
,con/ant9ople4 ,al?\gh ! ,ephraem ,codex
 0 br\ght to ,europe 9 ! e>ly "p ( !    
sixte5? c5tury1 x 0 n kn[n to conta9 a  
portion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t until t[>ds ! 
close ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 & 0 n collat$
 until ! ye> #agaf4 ,! ,s9aitic 0       
discov]$ by ,dr4 ,tis*5dorf1 9 ! ,conv5t
 ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e on ,m\nt ,s9ai1 s rec5tly
 z ,febru>y #d?1 #ahei4 ,& ! ,vatican1  
?\gh deposit$ 9 ! ,libr>y at ,rome 9 !  
fifte5? c5tury1 01 dur+ a long "t1 s    
jeal\sly gu>d$ by ! ,roman au?orities1 t
 little use c\ld be made ( x4 ,n[1      
h[ev]1 all ^! six important manuscripts 
h be5 edit$ & publi%$1 "s 9 ! ord9>y    
/yle ( pr9t+1 & "s 9 quasi fac-simile4  
,at ! pres5t "t1 by ! application ( !   
processes ( photography1 an exact copy (
 ! ,alex&r9e is 9 c\rse ( prep>ation1 & 
! ,new ,te/am5t portion has be5         
successfully complet$4  ,9 ^! & o!r     

ways1 by ! labori\s ef=ts ( _m ,engli% &
 ,cont95tal s*ol>s1 an imm5se am\nt (   
mat]ial = ! det]m9ation ( ! sacr$ text  
has be5 ga!r$ toge!r & safely g>n]$2 & k
 :i* a=etime c\ld be atta9$ only by sl[ 
& we>isome ef=t1 by _m long j\rneys to  
di/ant places1 & by mu* p]sonal se>*    
among/ ! books & pap]s /or$ away 9      
national & o!r libr>ies1 c n[ be atta9$ 
) comp>ative ease by ! solit>y /ud5t 9 8
 /udy4 ,at ! "t :5 ,k+ ,james's         
translators ent]$ ^u _! "w a small      
fraction only ( ?is mass ( mat]ial 0    
available1 & ev5 t fraction 0 b         
imp]fectly us$4 ,! means 7 n !n possess$
 = correctly judg+ ( ! relative value ( 
! sev]al docum5ts1 nor _h exp]i5ce giv5 
! skill to discrim9ate wisely betwe5    
v>y+ te/imony4  ,! translators ( #afaa h
 left on record no /atem5t respect+ !   
,greek text f :i* !y translat$1 b z f> z
 c be ga!r$ f int]nal evid5ce !y cont5t$
 !mselves ) accept+ ! =ms ( x :i* !y    
f\nd ready at h&4 ,( ^! ! two !n held 9 
highe/ repute 7 ^? connect$ ) ! names ( 

,!odore ,beza & ,rob]t ,/eph54 ,^!1 9 _!
 turn1 7 bas$ ^u ! two prim>y editions (
 ! pr9t$ text1 ! ,complut5sian &        
,erasmus's1 editions :i* 7 made q       
indep5d5tly ( ea* o!r4 ,! ,complut5sian 
0 ! fir/ pr9t$1 ?\gh n ! fir/           
publi%$4#hf ,x =m$ ! fif? volume ( !    
spl5did ,polyglot prep>$ "u ! munific5t 
patronage ( ,c>d9al ,xim5es1 at ,alcala1
 9 ,spa91 f ! ,lat9 "n ( :i* city       
7,complutum7 x d]ives its designation1 &
 0 complet$ ,janu>y #aj?1 #aead4 ,x is n
 n[ kn[n f :at manuscripts ! text ( ?is 
edition 0 d]iv$1 b x may be confid5tly  
affirm$ t none ( our mo/ anci5t         
au?orities 7 us$4 ,!y 7 probably n _m 9 
numb]1 & 7 all :at 9 ?is connection is  
t]m$ mod]n2 t is to say1 n e>li] ?an !  
t5? c5tury4 ,! fir/ publi%$ edition ( ! 
,greek ,new ,te/am5t 0 t edit$ by !     
celebrat$ ,erasmus1 & s5t =? f ! press (
 ,frob51 9 ,basle1 ,febru>y #bd?1 #aeaf4
 ,?is 0 d]iv$ f six manuscripts1 five ( 
:i* are n[ 9 ! public libr>y ( ,basle1 &
 "o#hg 9 ! libr>y ( ! ,pr9ce (          

,oett+5-,wall]/e94 ,( ^! "o1 & ! mo/    
valuable1 conta9$ ! :ole ( ! ,new       
,te/am5t except ! ,apocalypse1 b ( ?is  
,erasmus made b little use4 ,( ! re/1 "o
 conta9$ ! ,gospels only1 two ! ,acts & 
! ,epi/les only1 "o ! ,epi/les ( ,paul  
only1 & "o ! ,apocalypse only4 ,x w ?us 
be se5 t 9 ! ,gospels ! text giv5 by    
,erasmus re/$ almo/ entirely ^u !       
au?ority ( a s+le manuscript2 9 ! ,acts 
& ,ca?olic ,epi/les ^u t ( two only2 9 !
 ,epi/les ( ,paul ^u ?ree2 & 9 !        
,apocalypse ^u "o only1 & t an imp]fect 
"o4 ,! la/ six v]ses 7 want+1 & ^!      
,erasmus suppli$ by translat+ !m into   
,greek f ! ,lat9 ( ! ,vulgate4 ,! "w too
 0 ha/ily done4 ,! proposal to und]take 
x 0 made to ,erasmus ,april #ag?1 #aeae1
 s t less ?an t5 mon?s 7 giv5 to !      
prep>ation ( ! volume1 & ?is1 too1 at a 
"t :5 ,erasmus 0 busi$ ) o!r engagem5ts2
 an unseemly ha/e t we may probably     
ascribe to ! publi%]s' eag] desire to   
get ! />t ( ! ,complut5sian4 ,revis$    
editions 7 publi%$ 9 #aeai & #aebb1 9 ! 

prep>ation ( :i* ! aid ( a few          
additional manuscripts 0 obta9$4 ,^!1   
aga91 7 fur!r revis$ by ! aid ( !       
,complut5sian1 :i* !n became available1 
9 an edition :i* ,erasmus publi%$ 9     
#aebg4  ,! next /age 9 ! hi/ory ( !     
pr9t$ text ( ! ,greek ,new ,te/am5t is  
m>k$ by ! publication at ,p>is1 9 #aeej1
 ( ! h&some folio ( ! celebrat$ & le>n$ 
pr9t]1 ,rob]t ,/eph54#hh ,he tells u 9 8
 preface t 9 ! prep>ation ( ?is edition 
he made use ( ! ,complut5sian & ( fifte5
 manuscripts4 ,two ( ^! 7 anci5t1 "o t  
is n[ kn[n z ,beza's ,codex1 :i* _h be5 
collat$ = him by a fri5d 9 ,italy1 &    
ano!r1 a manuscript 9 ! ,national       
,libr>y ( ,p>is1 writt5 9 ! eigh? or n9?
 c5tury1 & conta9+ ! f\r ,gospels2#hi ! 
re/ 7 mod]n1 & all 7 b imp]fectly       
collat$4#ij  ,aft] ! dea? ( ,rob]t      
,/eph5 7#aeei7ia ! "w ( revision 0 c>ri$
 on by ,!odore ,beza1 :o1 l ! =m]1 _h   
embrac$ ! ,prote/ant cause1 & l him also
 _h f\nd a home 9 ,g5eva4 ,8 fir/       
edition 0 publi%$ 9 ?is city 9 #aefe1 a 

second 9 #aehb1 a ?ird 9 #aehi1 & a f\r?
 9 #aeih4 ,9 ! prep>ation ( ^! he _h 9 8
 possession ! collations made = ,rob]t  
,/eph51 &1 9 addition1 ! anci5t         
manuscript ( ! ,gospels & ,acts :i* n[  
be>s 8 "n2 & = ! ,paul9e ,epi/les1 !    
equally anci5t ,cl>omontane4 ,beza's    
/r5g?1 h[ev]1 lay r 9 ! int]pretation1  
?an 9 ! criticism1 ( ! text1 & he made b
 a slight use ( ! mat]ials )9 8 rea*4   
,x w ?us be se5 h[ small1 comp>atively1 
0 ! manuscript au?ority = ! text us$ by 
,k+ ,james's translators4 ,9 ! ma9 !y   
foll[ ! text ( ,beza2 sometimes1 h[ev]1 
!y give ! pref]5ce to ,/eph5's2 9 "s few
 places !y diff] f bo?4 ,by :at         
pr9ciples !y 7 guid$ 9 _! *oice we d n  
"k4 ,!y d n appe> to h set on foot any  
indep5d5t exam9ation ( au?orities1 & :5 
!y =sake _! two guides !y commonly foll[
 9 ! wake ( "s ( ! e>li] ,engli%        
v]sions4  ,b1 z already /at$1           
manuscripts are n ! only s\rce :5ce we  
d]ive our k ( ! orig9al texts4          
,translations ( ! ,scriptures 7 made at 

an e>ly date2 "s at an e>li] date ?an t 
( ! olde/ manuscripts n[ extant4 ,two ( 
^! 7 ref]r$ to 9 ! fir/ lecture2 namely1
 ! old ,lat9 & ! old ,syriac1 bo? ( :i* 
belong to ! second c5tury1 & give1      
!re=e1 mo/ important te/imony z to !    
words ( ,scripture at t e>ly p]iod4     
,next to ^! 9 po9t ( age may be plac$ ! 
two ,egyptian v]sions1 "o 9 ! language (
 ,l[] ,egypt1 & call$ ! ,memphitic 7or  
,coptic71 & ! o!r 9 t ( ,upp] ,egypt1 & 
call$ ! ,!baic 7or ,sahidic74 ,9 !      
op9ion ( compet5t judges1 "s portions1  
at lea/1 ( ! ,scriptures mu/ h be5      
translat$ into ^! dialects be=e ! close 
( ! second c5tury2 9 _! complet$ =m ^!  
v]sions may be ref]r$ to ! e>li] "p ( ! 
?ird c5tury4 ,a ,go?ic v]sion ( !       
,scriptures 0 made 9 ! f\r? c5tury by   
,ulphilas1 :o 0 ,bi%op ( ! ,moeso-,go?s 
#cdh-chh2 & ( ?is "s valuable portions  
are /ill extant4 ,two o!r anci5t        
v]sions1 ! ,arm5ian 7c5t4 #e71 & !      
?iopic 7c5ts4 #f & #g71 ?\gh ( inf]ior  
importance1 are n )\t value4 ,dur+ rec5t

 ye>s a l>ge am\nt ( lab\r has be5 sp5t1
 fir/1 9 secur+ z accurate a k z        
possible ( ! text ( ^! v>i\s v]sions1 & 
!n 9 inve/igat+ ! evid5ce !y supply     
respect+ ! orig9al texts f :i* !y 7     
sev]ally made4 ,f ?is s\rce mu* valuable
 mat]ial has be5 obta9$ supplem5t>y to t
 furni%$ by ,biblical manuscripts4  ,!  
works ( e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s conta91 z  
might be expect$1 l>ge quotations (     
,scripture passages4 ,"s ( ^! works are 
elaborate expositions ( v>i\s books ( ! 
,old & ,new ,te/am5t1 & o!rs are        
controv]sial writ+s 9 :i* !re is a      
frequ5t necessity = appeal+ to          
,scriptural au?orities4 ,al?\gh n a few 
( ! writ+s ( ! e>lie/ ,*ri/ian au?ors h 
p]i%$1 we h /ill a consid]able          
collection ( writ+s belong+ to ! second 
& ?ird c5turies1 ^: pages supply u )    
valuable evid5ce conc]n+ ! text ( ! ,new
 ,te/am5t1 ( a date e>li] ?an ! olde/ ( 
our manuscripts4 ,we h also a /ill l>g] 
collection ( writ+s belong+ to ! same   
age z t ( our mo/ anci5t manuscripts1 & 

f !m are able to ga!r a fur!r mass (    
te/imony 9 confirmation or correction ( 
t giv5 by ^! v5]able docum5ts4  ,!      
writ+s ( ,ir5u1 ,t]tullian1 ,clem5t (   
,alex&ria1 & ,orig51 belong+ to ! latt] 
"p ( ! second c5tury1 & ! beg9n+ ( !    
?ird1 conta9 a l>ge body ( quotations f 
! ,gospels & ,epi/les4 ,! works ( ,orig5
 alone may1 ) sc>cely any exagg]ation1  
be said to be equival5t to an additional
 manuscript ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,he di$  
ab\t ,a4,d4 #bec or #bed1 & dur+ 8      
entire life gave himself ) a mo/        
indomitable p]sev]ance to ,biblical     
/udies4 ,9 addition to an elaborate     
revision ( ! ,greek text ( ! ,septuag9t1
 ^u :i* he sp5t eight & tw5ty ye>s1 b ( 
:i* unhappily "s fragm5ts only h rea*$  
u1 he compos$ expositions or homilies ^u
 ! l>g] "p ( ! books ( ! ,old & ,new    
,te/am5ts4 ,( ^! "s v consid]able       
portions h come d[n to u1 & z 8         
expositions on ! ,old ,te/am5t ab\nd 9  
quotations f ! ,new1 ! numb] ( passages 
f ! latt] f\nd 9 8 writ+s is v l>ge4  ,(

 writ]s belong+ to ! f\r? c5tury we h   
comm5t>ies 9 ,greek by ,*ryso/om &      
,didymus1 & 9 ,lat9 by ,hil>y ( ,rome1 &
 ,j]ome2 &1 9 addition1 ext5sive        
!ological treatises1 involv+ num]\s     
appeals to ! ,scriptures1 by ,a?anasius1
 ,ambrose1 ,basil1 ,epiphanius1 & ! two 
,gregorys4  ,9 ! foll[+ c5tury we h !   
,greek comm5t>ies ( ,!odore ( ,mopsue/ia
 & ,!odoret2 ! comm5t>y ( ,pelagius on !
 ,epi/les ( ,paul2 & ! volum9\s writ+s (
 ,augu/9e1 includ+ comm5t>ies on !      
,psalms1 ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 ,john's   
,gospel & ,epi/les1 & ,paul's ,epi/les  
to ! ,romans & ,galatians1 toge!r ) a   
l>ge numb] ( ,homilies on v>i\s p>ts (  
,scripture4 ,^! num]\s writ+s =m a m9e (
 weal? to ! ,biblical critic2 b x is a  
m9e t has only be5 dilig5tly work$ 9    
comp>atively rec5t ye>s4 ,mu* we>isome  
toil has be5 necess>y 9 br++ to light   
its treasures1 & ^! 7 ei!r ov]look$ or  
neglect$ by ! e>li] editors ( ! ,greek  
,new ,te/am5t4  ,x may p]haps be ?\ght  
t1 inasmu* z ! docum5ts f :i* ^!        

,*ri/ian writ+s are obta9$ are !mselves 
( a lat] date1 ! te/imony !y give to !  
text ( ,scripture is ( no high] wor? ?an
 t ( ,biblical manuscripts ( ! same age4
 ,! scribes1 x may be said1 w\ld be     
influ5c$ by ! =m ( text !n curr5t1 & 9  
copy+ ^! writ+s w\ld naturally1 :5      
,scripture quotations occurr$1 give !m 9
 ! =m ) :i* !y 7 famili>4 ,to "s ext5t  
?is may h be5 ! case1 & ! te/imony ( ^! 
writ+s is ( less weight :5 !y simply    
reflect ! =m ( text :i* prevail$ at !   
date :5 !y 7 copi$4 ,b !n1 on ! o!r h&1 
_! te/imony is = ! same reason          
proportionally ! /rong] :5ev] !y d n    
agree ) ! curr5t =m1 b give a diff]5t   
read+4 ,moreov] x mu/ be rememb]$ t 9 _m
 cases ! au?ors comm5t m9utely ^u !     
,scripture text1 & t "h _! te/imony is q
 unaffect$ by any t5d5cy on ! "p ( !    
copyi/ to use a famili> =m1 ! comm5t    
itself %[+ beyond all d\bt :at 0 ! =m ( 
! text :i* ! au?or 0 exp\nd+4 ,9 all su*
 places ! te/imony ( ^! e>ly writ]s is  
especially valuable4  ,f ?is m]e outl9e 

( ! manifold rese>*es :i* s*ol>s h made 
dur+ ! ye>s t h pass$ s9ce ! ,revision (
 #afaa 0 issu$1 "s notion may be ga!r$ (
 ! ext5t to :i* our res\rces = !        
satisfactory det]m9ation ( ! sacr$ text 
h be5 multipli$4 ,x w h5ce be se5 h[    
great is ! confid5ce ) :i* we are !reby 
enabl$ to affirm ! v]bal correctness ( t
 f> l>g] portion ( ! text 9 :i* our     
num]\s & v>i$ au?orities are all agre$1 
& ) :at confid5ce also we c place our   
f+] ^u c]ta9 blemi%es1 & say t "h an    
error has crept 9 ?r\gh ! inadv]t5ce1 or
 c>elessness1 or ignorance ( !          
transcrib]4 ,if !n !re 7 no o!r reasons 
= ! revision ( ! ,engli% ,bible1 ?is    
alone w\ld be a suffici5t gr\nd = x4 ,:5
 x is 9 ! p[] ( any "o to say t !re are 
passages 9 our common ,bibles :i*1 z !re
 giv51 are f\nd 9 no ,greek manuscript  
:atev]1 z is ! case 9 ,acts ix41 ! latt]
 "p ( v]se #e1 & ! beg9n+ ( v]se #f2 #a 
,pet] iii4 #bj2 ,heb4 xi4 #ac2 & ,rev4  
ii4 #bj2 & :5 !re are o!r passages1     
respect+ :i* ! evid5ce is greatly       

prepond]at+1 t !y ought to h no place 9 
! text1 z is ! case ) ,matt4 vi4 #ac2   
,matt4 xvii4 #ba2 ,matt4 xxiii4 #ce 7la/
 clause72 ,m>k xv4 #bh2 ,luke xi4 #b1 #d
 7! la/ clause ( ea* v]se72 ,john v4 #c 
7la/ clause71 & #d2 ,acts viii4 #cg2    
,acts xv4 #cd2 ,acts xxviii4 #bi2 ,rom4 
xi4 #f 7la/ clause72 #a ,cor4 vi4 #bj   
7la/ clause72 #a ,cor4 x4 #bh 7la/      
clause72 ,gal4 iii4 #a 7second clause72 
,heb4 xii4 #bj2 & #a ,john v41 f 89     
heav510 v]se #g1 to 89 e>?10 v]se #h4   
,:5 ^! ?+s c be said1 & c be truly said1
 !n all true lov]s ( ! ,bible w e>ne/ly 
dem& t !y be =?) remov$4     ,,lecture  
,,viii4  ,,! ,,prep>ations ,,= ,,fur!r  
,,revision ,,made ,,dur+ ,,! ,,pa/ ,,two
 ,,c5turies4   ,x has n be5 left to !   
pres5t g5]ation to be ! fir/ to         
recognize ! =ce ( ! v>i\s consid]ations 
pres5t$ 9 ! previ\s lectures4 ,! duty ( 
provid+ = a fur!r revision ( ! ,engli%  
,bible has be5 h&$ d[n z a solemn tru/ f
 g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,e new discov]y  
made ( ,biblical manuscripts1 & e fre%  

field ( rese>* op5$ up1 has at once made
 ! ne$ ( revision m app>5t1 & giv5      
int5sity to ! desire t x %\ld be        
und]tak52 &1 9 _! turn1 ?is quick5$     
desire & ?is increase ( mat]ial h       
prompt$ to r5ew$ ef=ts 9 obta9+ all     
possible subsidi>y helps4 ,9 ?is way x  
has come to pass t ! :ole p]iod :i* has 
elaps$ s9ce ! publication ( ! ,revision 
( #afaa has be5 9 effect a "t (         
prep>ation = ano!r & fur!r revision1 &  
"h1 z else:]e1 ! div9e law ( human      
discipl9e has be5 v]ifi$1 t e "w        
accompli%$ is b ! />t+-po9t = fre%      
endeav\rs4  ,9 ?is "w ( prep>ation f\r  
di/9ct /ages may be cle>ly trac$3 !     
fir/1 t ( unfri5dly criticism2 ! second1
 t ( premature attempts at correction2 !
 ?ird1 t ( dilig5t rese>* & pati5t      
inve/igation2 & ! f\r?1 t ( widespread  
conviction ( ! desirabl5ess ( fur!r     
revision1 & ! discussion ( ! plans by   
:i* x may be/ be accompli%$4  ,f ! v    
fir/ ! new v]sion _h to und]go an ordeal
 ( criticism1 spr++ sometimes f p]sonal 

pique1 sometimes f p>ty prejudice1      
sometimes f a "o-sid$ atta*m5t to a     
fav\rite doctr9e1 ! evid5ce = :i* seem$ 
to be obscur$ by ! r5d]+ giv5 to c]ta9  
passages4 ,almo/ imm$iately ^u !        
publication ( ! volume1 a viol5t attack 
0 made ^u x by ,hugh ,br\ghton1 :o1 ?\gh
 a man ( imm5se erudition1 & "o ( ! be/ 
,hebrai/s ( ! day1 0 ( s ov]be>+ a temp]
 t 8 (f] to aid 9 ! revision _h be5     
decl9$4 ,br\ghton decl>$ t ! v]sion 0 s 
ill done t x br$ 9 him a sadness :i*    
w\ld grieve him :il/ he brea!d4 8,tell 8
 ,maje/y10 he passionately said1 8t ,i  
_h r be r5t 9 pieces ) wild horses ?an  
any su* translation by my cons5t %\ld be
 urg$ on poor *ur*es40  ,9 ! %>p        
controv]sies ( ! ,commonweal? p]iod !   
slight indications giv5 by ! v]sion ( a 
c]ta9 ecclesia/ical bias 7 unduly       
exagg]at$4 ,*>ges ( a direct prelatic   
influ5ce 7 freely made1 & v>i\s rum\rs 7
 circulat$1 z if ^u good au?ority1 t    
,ar*bi%op ,bancr(t _h tak5 ^u himself to
 introduce alt]ations 9 opposition to ! 

judgm5t1 & ev5 ! prote/ ( ! translators4
 ,influ5c$ probably by ! feel+ ?us      
awak5$1 ?\gh n %>+ x1 ,dr4 ,john        
,lightfoot1 9 a s]mon prea*$ be=e !     
,long ,p>liam5t on ,augu/ #bf?1 #afde1ib
 express$ ! hope t !y w\ld f9d "s "t    
among _! s]i\s employm5ts to ?9k ( a    
8review & survey ( ! translation ( !    
,bible40 8,& c]ta9ly10 he add$1 8x w\ld 
n be ! lea/ advantage t y might d to !  
?ree nations1 if !y1 by y\r c>e & means1
 might come to und]/& ! prop] & g5u9e   
read+ ( ! ,scriptures by an exact1      
vigor\s1 & lively translation40  ,9     
#afec ! *>ge t ! ,new ,te/am5t 8_h be5  
look$ ov] by "s ,prelates1 to br+ x to  
speak ! ,prelatical language10 0 =mally 
repeat$ 9 ! preamble ( a ,bill br\ght   
be=e ! ,long ,p>liam5t1 :i* propos$ !   
appo9tm5t ( a committee 8to se>* &      
obs]ve :]e9 t la/ translation appe>s to 
be wrong$ by ! ,prelates or pr9t]s or   
o!rs40#ic ,9 #afei a folio volume ( #hje
 pages1 entitl$1 8,an ,essay t[>d !     
,am5dm5t ( ! ,la/ ,engli% ,translation (

 ! ,bible1 or a ,pro( by _m in/ances t !
 la/ ,translation ( ! ,bible into       
,engli% may be improv$10 0 publi%$ by   
,dr4 ,rob]t ,gell1 8,m9i/] ( ! ,p>i% (  
,/4 ,m>y1 ,ald]-,m>y1 ,london40 ,dr4    
,gell 0 a man :o /\tly ma9ta9$ ! doctr9e
 t x is 8possible & atta9able ?r\gh !   
grace ( ,god & ,8 ,holy ,_s t m5 may be 
)\t s910 & 8 book is an elaborate       
attempt to %[ t ?is doctr9e 80 frequ5tly
 deliv]$ 9 holy ,scripture1 ?\gh        
indu/ri\sly obscur$ by our translators40
 ,an attack ( ano!r k9d 0 made a qu>t] (
 a c5tury lat]1 by a ,roman ,ca?olic    
writ] nam$ ,?omas ,w>d1 :o1 repeat+ _m (
 ! *>ges made aga9/ ! e>li] ,engli%     
v]sions by ,gregory ,m>t91 "o ( ! au?ors
 ( ! ,rhemi% v]sion1 *>g$ ! translators 
) corrupt+ ! ,holy ,scriptures by false 
& p>tial translations1 = ! purpose (    
ga9+ unfair advantage 9 ! controv]sy ) !
 ,*ur* ( ,rome4#id  ,^! ho/ile          
criticisms1 ?\gh made 9 a _s (          
p>tisan%ip & m>r$ by mu* un*>itabl5ess &
 unfairness1 7 nev]!less ( s]vice4 ,!y  

=c$ ^u all1 ?\gh 9 a rude & unpleasant  
way1 ! recognition ( ! fact t ! new     
v]sion1 ) all its excell5ces1 0 /ill !  
"w ( fallible m52 & despite _! passion &
 _! h>d words1 !y did und\bt$ly hit "s  
blots t "h & !re disfigur$ ! sacr$ page4
 ,to ?is ext5t !y s]v$ to prep>e ! way =
 fur!r revision4  ,a second /age 9 !    
process ( prep>ation is se5 9 ! v>i\s   
attempts :i* h be5 made to produce a    
v]sion :i* %\ld remove ackn[l$g$        
blemi%es1 & m fai?fully convey ! mean+ (
 ! holy ,^w4 ,"s ( ^! h be5 bas$ ^u a   
well-conceiv$ plan1 & h s\ght to        
accompli% ! desir$ end by ! unit$ ef=ts 
( a b& ( fell[-lab\r]s2 o!rs h be5 ! "w 
( individual s*ol>s1 & 7 = ! mo/ "p ( a 
t5tative "*1 int5d$ simply to %[ :at    
ought to be attempt$1 & h[ x might be   
done2 o!rs1 aga91 h be5 ! unwise lab\rs 
( m5 :o work$ ^u false pr9ciples1 & )   
insuffici5t k2 b all h 9 _! own way     
help$ on ! "w1 ! =m] two classes by _!  
felicit\s r5d]+s ( "s passages1 & !     
light !y h ?r[n ^u ! mean+ ( o!rs1 & !  

la/ m5tion$ class by _! cle>            
demon/ration ( :at a translation ( !    
,scriptures ought c]ta9ly n to be4  ,!  
fir/#ie s]i\s attempt at a fur!r        
revision 0 made by ! ,rev4 ,h5ry        
,jessey1 ,m4,a41 pa/or ( t greatly      
p]secut$ ,congregational ,*ur* 9        
,s\?w>k1 :i* _h be5 ga!r$ by ,h5ry      
,jacob 9 #afaf4 ,9 ! "t ( ! ,commonweal?
 proposals 7 made by ,jessey1 t 8godly &
 able m50 %\ld be appo9t$ by 8public    
au?ority0 8to review & am5d ! defects 9 
our translation40 ,p5d+ _! appo9tm5t1 he
 set himself to secure ! co-op]ation ( a
 numb] ( le>n$ m51 at home & abroad1    
writ+ to !m 9 ! foll[+ fa%ion3 8,!re be+
 a /range desire 9 _m t love ! tru?1 to 
h a m pure1 prop] translation ( !       
orig9als ?an hi!rto2 & ,i be+ mov$ &    
incl9$ to x1 & desir\s to promote x )   
all possible spe$ & exactness1 d make my
 reque/ 7n[ 9 my actual entrance on     
,g5esis7 t z y love ! tru? z x is 9     
,jesus1 & ! edification ( sa9ts1 y )    
o!rs 79 l mann] solicit$71 w take %>e & 

d ea* a "p 9 ! "w1 :i* be+ f9i%$ w be   
fruit to y\r acc\nt40 ,( ! names ( 8    
fell[-work]s ! only "o record$ is t (   
,mr4 ,john ,r[1 ,hebrew pr(essor at     
,ab]de51 8:o took exce$+ pa9s h]e910 &  
:o drew up ! s*eme 9 accordance ) :i* ! 
"w 0 c>ri$ on4 ,jessey's proposal       
receiv$ at lea/ s mu* ( support f       
8public au?ority10 t he 0 "o ( !        
committee ^: appo9tm5t 0 recomm5d$ to ! 
,h\se ( ,commons 9 #afec4 ,! result is  
?us qua9tly told by ,jessey's           
biograph]3#if 8,?us ?or[ 8 p]swasions _m
 p]sons excell+ 9 k1 integrity1 &       
hol9ess1 did buckle to ?is great ,worke 
( bett]+ ! ,translation ( ! ,bible1 b _!
 names are ?\ght fit at pres5t to be    
conceal$ to prev5t undue ,reflections ^u
 _! p]sons2 b may come to light 7if t "w
 %all ev] come to be made publick71 &   
unto ea* ( !m 0 "o p>ticul> book or m   
allott$1 accord+ z !y _h leisure1 or z !
 b5t ( _! ,g5ius1 advantages ( ,books or
 ,/udies lay1 :i* :5 sup]vis$ by all !  
re/1 dayes ( assembl+ toge!r 7 to h be5 

set ap>t1 to seek ! ,"l = ,8 fur!r      
direction1 & = conf]5ce ) ea* o!r t\*+ !
 matt] !n "u consid]ation4 ,9 process ( 
"t ?is :ole "w 0 almo/ compleat$1 & /ay$
 = no?+ b ! appo9tm5t ( ,commission]s to
 exam9e x1 & w>rant its publication40 ,!
 dea? ( ,cromwell1 & ! political ev5ts  
:i* foll[$1 prev5t$ ! realization (     
,jessey's hopes4 ,x _h be5 ) him ! "w ( 
_m ye>s ( 8 life1 & 8 s\l 0 s engag$ 9 x
 t he frequ5tly utt]$ ! pray]1 8,o t ,i 
might see ?is done be=e ,i die40  ,!    
ecclesia/ical ev5ts aris+ out ( ! ,act (
 ,uni=mity 7#affb7 w suffici5tly acc\nt 
= ! abs5ce ( any ef=ts ( revision dur+ !
 latt] "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,9 !     
e>li] "p ( ! foll[+ c5tury !re appe>$ "o
 ( ^? ill-advis$ attempts1 ^: *ief use  
is to s]ve z a beacon ( w>n+1 9 ! ,greek
 & ,engli% ,new ,te/am5t1 publi%$ ,a4,d4
 #agbi1 by ,w4 ,mace1 ,m4,d4#ig ,9 8    
translation ?is au?or all[$ himself to  
employ an unpleasantly free /yle (      
r5d]+1 & deem$ x fitt+ to sub/itute !   
colloquial /yle ( ! day = ! dignifi$    

simplicity ( ! v]sion he und]took to    
am5d4  ,t[>ds ! latt] "p ( ! c5tury a   
consid]able numb] ( well-meant endeav\rs
 at revision 7 made by dev\t & s*ol>ly  
m54  ,9 #agfd 8,a new & lit]al          
,translation ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t1 )
 notes1 critical & explanatory10 0      
publi%$ by ,an?ony ,purv]1 a memb] ( !  
,society ( ,fri5ds4  ,9 #aggj !re 0     
issu$ 8,! ,new ,te/am5t1 or ,new        
,cov5ant ( our ,"l & ,savi\r ,jesus     
,*ri/1 translat$ f ! ,greek accord+ to !
 pres5t idiom ( ! ,engli% tongue1 )     
notes & ref]5ces10 by ,john ,worsley1 ( 
,h]t=d1 ^: aim1 z /at$ 9 8 preface1 0 to
 br+ 8 translation ne>] to ! orig9al1 & 
8to make ! pres5t =m ( expression m     
suitable to our pres5t language10 add+1 
) a laudable desire to repudiate all    
sympa?y ) ^? :o =c$ ! ,scripture to say 
:at1 accord+ to _! own fancies1 x ought 
to say1 8,i h no design to c\nt5ance any
 p>ticul> op9ions or s5tim5ts4 ,i h     
weigh$1 z x 71 e ^w 9 a balance1 ev5 to 
! m9ute/ p>ticle1 begg+ ! graci\s aid ( 

! ,div9e ,_s to lead me into ! true &   
prop] mean+1 t ,i might give a j & exact
 translation ( ?is great & preci\s *>t] 
( man's salvation40#ih  ,9 #agha ,gilb]t
 ,wakefield1 late ,fell[ ( ,jesus       
,college1 ,cambridge1 b !n classical    
tutor ( ! ,w>r+ton ,academy1 publi%$ 8a 
new translation ( ! ,fir/ ,epi/le (     
,paul ! ,apo/le to ! ,!ssalonians1 (f]$ 
to ! public z a specim5 ( an int5d$     
v]sion ( ! :ole ,new ,te/am5t1 ) a      
preface conta9+ a brief acc\nt ( !      
,au?or's plan40 ,?is 0 foll[$ 9 #aghb by
 a new translation ( ! ,gospel ( ,mat!w1
 & 9 #agia by a translation ( ! :ole ( !
 ,new ,te/am5t4#ii  ,9 #aghf a ,roman   
,ca?olic cl]gyman 7! ,rev4 ,alex&]      
,g$des1 ,,ll4,d47 issu$ a prospectus (  
8a ,new ,translation ( ! ,holy ,bible f 
correct$ texts ( ! orig9als1 comp>$ ) ! 
,anci5t ,v]sions40 ,?is prospectus 0 v  
fav\rably receiv$ by _m ( ! lead+       
,biblical s*ol>s ( ! day1 especially by 
! great ,hebrai/1 ,dr4 ,b5jam9          
,k5nicott1 ,canon ( ,*ri/*ur*1 & by ,dr4

 ,rob]t ,l[?1 ,bi%op ( ,london1 & 0     
foll[$ 9 #aghh by =mal proposals = pr9t+
 ! book by subscription4 ,! fir/ volume 
appe>$ 9 #agib1 ) ! title 8,! ,holy     
,bible1 or ! ,books acc\nt$ sacr$ by    
,jews & ,*ri/ians2 o!rwise call$ !      
,books ( ! ,old & ,new ,cov5ants1       
fai?fully translat$ f correct$ texts ( !
 ,orig9als1 ) v>i\s read+s1 explanatory 
notes1 & critical rem>ks40 ,two o!r     
volumes 7 aft]w>ds publi%$2 b ! dea? ( !
 au?or1 9 #ahja1 prev5t$ ! completion ( 
! "w4#ajj  ,9 #agif ,dr4 ,william       
,newcome1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,armagh1 publi%$  
8,an attempt t[>ds revis+ our ,engli%   
,translation ( ! ,greek ,scriptures1 or 
! ,new ,cov5ant ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 & t[>ds 
illu/rat+ ! s5se by philological &      
explanatory notes40  ,pass+ ov] "s o!r  
works less wor?y ( notice1 a s*ol>ly    
attempt 0 made 9 #ahcf by ,gr5ville ,p5n
 to introduce into ! ,engli% v]sion "s (
 ! results :i* _h !n be5 atta9$ by !    
critical exam9ation ( anci5t au?orities4
 ,?is "w bore ! title1 8,! ,book ( !    

,new ,cov5ant ( our ,"l & ,savi\r ,jesus
 ,*ri/1 be+ a critical revision ( ! text
 & translation ( ! ,engli% v]sion ( !   
,new ,te/am5t1 ) ! aid ( mo/ anci5t     
manuscripts1 unkn[n to ! age 9 :i* t    
v]sion 0 la/ put =? by au?ority40  ,x is
 n to be suppos$ t any ( ^! translations
 7 publi%$ ) ! expectation ( secur+ s   
l>ge a measure ( fav\r z to sup]s$e !   
curr5t v]sion4 ,_! prim>y purpose 0 to  
aid ! private /udy ( ! ,bible2 b !y h   
be5 ( great s]vice also 9 keep+ ! g5]al 
"q ( revision be=e ! notice ( ?\ghtful  
p]sons1 & !y h ea* 9 _! measure         
contribut$ to a m exact k ( !           
,scriptures4  ,! failure ( ! e>li] ( ^! 
attempts at revision arose 9 "p f !     
imp]fect /ate ( ! texts ^u :i* !y 7     
bas$4 ,?is soon became obvi\s1 &        
,biblical s*ol>s saw t = "s "t to come  
_! lab\rs mu/ be sp5t r 9 lay+ !        
f\ndation = a future revision ?an 9     
attempt+ x !mselves1 & ?is 9 ?ree di/9ct
 dep>tm5ts4 ,! fir/ ( ^! 0 ! collection1
 z describ$ 9 ! la/ lecture1 ( ! mat]ial

 suppli$ by anci5t manuscripts1 & by    
e>ly v]sions & quotations4 ,9 ?is       
dep>tm5t a long succession ( fai?ful m5 
h lab\r$1 among/ :om may be m5tion$     
,brian ,walton1 :o 9 #afeg publi%$ 8    
fam\s ,polyglot ,bible 9 six folio      
volumes1 giv+ 9 addition to ! orig9al   
,hebrew & ,greek1 ! ,sam>itan ,p5tateu*1
 ! ,septuag9t1 ,lat91 ,syriac1 ,arabic1 
?iopic1 & ,p]sian v]sions2 ,dr4 ,john   
,mill1 ^: ,new ,te/am5t 0 publi%$ 9     
#aggj1 & ( :om x has be5 ju/ly said t 88
 s]vices to ,bible criticism surpass 9  
ext5t & value ^? r5d]$ by any o!r except
 "o or two m5 yet liv+20#aja ,dr4 ,ri*>d
 ,b5tley1 :o1 hav+ himself collat$ !    
,alex&r9e & o!r anci5t ,,mss41 & by     
v>i\s ag5cies amass$ a l>ge /ore (      
critical mat]ial1 publi%$ 9 #agbj 8     
8,proposals = ,pr9t+0 revis$ texts bo? (
 ! ,greek ,new ,te/am5t & ! ,lat9       
,vulgate2 ,dr4 ,k5nicott1 :o 9 #agfj    
ar\s$ public att5tion to ! importance ( 
collat+ all ,hebrew ,,mss4 made be=e !  
inv5tion ( pr9t+1 & :o p]sonally1 or    

?r\gh ! aid ( o!rs1 collat$ m ?an six   
hundr$ ,hebrew ,,mss41 & sixte5 ,,mss4 (
 ! ,sam>itan ,p5tateu*2 ,john ,b]n>d de 
,rossi1 pr(essor ( ,ori5tal languages 9 
! ,univ]sity ( ,p>ma1 :o 9 #aghd-h      
publi%$ ! results ( ! collation ( sev5  
hundr$ & ?irty-"o ,,mss41 & ( ?ree      
hundr$ editions ( ! ,hebrew ,scriptures2
 &1 to come to m rec5t times1 ,dr4      
,con/ant9e ,tis*5dorf1 ,dr4 ,samuel     
,prideaux ,tregelles1 & ,dr4 ,fr$]ick   
,h5ry ,scriv5]1 ^: names are to be held 
9 ! highe/ hon\r1 z ( m5 :o h r5d]$     
invaluable s]vice to _! own & future    
g5]ations 9 ! exhau/+ & self-d5y+ "w ( !
 collation ( ,biblical ,,mss41 & ?r\gh  
^: c>e & accuracy ! means ( obta9+ an   
exact k ( a l>ge numb] ( mo/ preci\s    
docum5ts h be5 plac$ )9 easy rea* ( all4
  ,! second dep>tm5t ( lab\r is !       
application ( ! mat]ial ?us collect$ to 
! correction ( ! text4 ,"h aga9 a va/   
am\nt ( pati5t "w has be5 done1 & out ( 
! successive lab\rs ( a long s]ies (    
critics mu* valuable exp]i5ce has be5   

ga9$ & ! be/ me?ods gradually le>nt4    
,among/ ^? :o h ?us lab\r$ 9 ! criticism
 ( ! text ( ! ,new ,te/am5t may be      
m5tion$ ! names ( ,b5gel1 ,wett/e91     
,griesba*1 ,s*olz1 ,tis*5dorf1 ,la*mann1
 ,al=d1 ,tregelles1 ,we/cott1 & ,hort2 &
 ( t ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ,buxtorf1       
,leusd51 ,van d] ,hooght1 ,mi*aelis1    
,h\bigant1 ,k5nicott1 & ,jahn4  ,! ?ird 
dep>tm5t is t :i* is conc]n$ ) !        
inve/igation ( ! mean+ ( ! sacr$ writ]s2
 & h[ mu* has be5 done 9 ?is w be       
manife/ to any "o :o makes ! attempt to 
reckon up ! long s]ies ( comm5t>ies1    
,engli% & ,cont95tal1 on ! books ( !    
,holy ,scriptures1 publi%$ s9ce !       
,revision ( #afaa1 comm5c+ ) !          
,annotations ( ! em95t ,noncon=mi/1     
,h5ry ,a9swor?1 on ! ,p5tateu*1 ,psalms1
 & ,song ( ,solomon1 #afbg1 d[n to !    
rec5t comm5t>ies on ,galatians1         
,philippians1 ,colossians1 & ,philemon1 
by ,dr4 ,j4 ,b4 ,lightfoot1 ! pres5t    
,bi%op ( ,durham4 ,! attempt to make ?is
 enum]ation w deep5 ! desire t ! light  

:i* has be5 %$ ^u ! ,bible by ?is long  
succession ( its le>n$ & e>ne/ /ud5ts   
%\ld n[ be employ$ = ! guidance & help (
 ! ord9>y read]s ( its pages4  ,to su*  
desire emphatic expression has be5 giv5 
9 v>i\s ways ?r\gh full two g5]ations1 )
 an ev] increas+ int5sity1 & by         
repres5tative m5 among/ all ,*ri/ian    
communities4  ,s e>ly 9 ! pres5t c5tury 
z ! ye> #ahji1 ,dr4 ,john ,pye ,smi?1   
,presid5t ( ! ,congregational ,college  
at ,hom]ton1 ?us wrote3 8,t su* blemi%es
 %\ld disfigure t translation ( ! be/ & 
mo/ important ( volumes1 :i* has be5 &  
/ill is m read by ?\s&s ( ! pi\s ?an any
 o!r v]sion1 anci5t or mod]n2 t !y %\ld 
be ackn[l$g$ by all compet5t judges to  
exi/2 t !y %\ld h be5 s long & (t5      
compla9$ (2 & yet t !re has be5 no great
 public act1 f high & unimpea*able      
au?ority1 = remov+ !m1 we are con/ra9$  
to view z a disgrace to our national    
lit]ature4 ,we d n wi% to see our common
 v]sion1 n[ become v5]able by age &     
prescription1 sup]s$$ by ano!r entirely 

new2 e desirable purpose w\ld be        
satisfactorily atta9$ by a fai?ful &    
well-conduct$ revision40#ajb  ,9 !      
foll[+ ye> 7#ahaj7 ,dr4 ,h]b]t ,m>%1 !n 
,m>g>et ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity at         
,cambridge1 & subsequ5tly ,bi%op (      
,pet]bor\gh1 9 ! fir/ edition ( 8       
,lectures wrote3 8,x is probable t our  
au?oris$ v]sion is z fai?ful a          
repres5tation ( ! orig9al ,scriptures z 
c\ld h be5 =m$ at t p]iod4 ,b :5 we     
consid] ! imm5se accession t has s9ce   
be5 made1 bo? to our critical &         
philological app>atus20 8:5 we consid] t
 ! mo/ important s\rces ( intellig5ce = 
! int]pretation ( ! orig9al ,scriptures 
7 likewise op5$ aft] t p]iod1 we _c     
possibly pret5d t our au?oris$ v]sion   
does n require am5dm5t40#ajc  ,9 #ahaf  
,?omas ,wemyss1 a le>n$ layman1 :o _h   
devot$ himself to ,biblical /udies1     
call$ att5tion1 "u ! title ( ,biblical  
,glean+s1 to a numb] ( passages :i* 7   
g5]ally all[$ to be mi/ranslat$2 & 9    
#ahai ,sir ,james ,bl& ,burges publi%$  

,reasons 9 fav\r ( a ,new ,translation (
 ! ,scriptures4  ,dur+ a few ye>s aft]  
?is1 ! subject rema9$ 9 abeyance1 b 9   
#ahcb !re 0 publi%$1 at ,cambridge1 a   
calm & s*ol>ly pamphlet1 entitl$ ,h9ts  
on an ,improv$ ,translation ( ! ,new    
,te/am5t1 by ! ,rev4 ,james ,s*olefield1
 ,a4,m41 ,regius ,pr(essor ( ,greek 9 ! 
,univ]sity ( ,cambridge4 ,a second      
edition 0 issu$ 9 #ahcf1 & a ?ird1 ) an 
app5dix1 9 #ahdi4  ,?r\gh ^! & o!r      
publications a widely-spread conviction 
0 produc$ t ! "w ought at l5g? to be    
attempt$1 & 9 ! ye>s #ahee-eg ! "q 0 9 a
 v emphatic =m br\ght "u public notice4 
,9 ! ,ed9burgh ,review ( ,octob]1 #ahee1
 9 a notice ( a c]ta9 ,p>agraph ,bible  
!n rec5tly publi%$1 !re appe>$ ! foll[+ 
words3 8,surely x is high "t = a fur!r  
revision4 ,x is n[ almo/ #bej ye>s s9ce 
! la/ 0 made4 ,dur+ t long p]iod nei!r !
 rese>*es ( ! cl]gy nor ! intellig5ce ( 
! laity h rema9$ /ation>y4 ,we h become 
desir\s ( kn[+ m1 & !y h acquir$ m to   
tea* u4 ,va/ /ores ( ,biblical in=mation

 h be5 accumulat+ s9ce ! days ( ,james  
,i41 by :i*1 n m]ely ! r5d]+ ( ! ,common
 ,v]sion1 b ! purity ( ! ,sacr$ ,text   
itself1 might be improv$4 ,& x is       
ess5tial to ! int]e/s ( religion t t    
in=mation %\ld be fully1 freely1 & 9 an 
au?oritative =m1 dissem9at$ abroad by a 
c>eful correction ( our receiv$ v]sion (
 ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures40  ,9 ! foll[+    
ye>1 #ahef1 ! ,rev4 ,william ,selwyn1   
,canon ( ,ely1 & ,lady ,m>g>et ,pr(essor
 ( ,div9ity at ,cambridge1 s5t =? 8     
,notes on ! propos$ ,am5dm5t ( !        
,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ! ,holy ,scriptures1
 9 :i* he /ates3 8,i d n hesitate to av[
 my firm p]suasion t !re are at lea/ "o 
?\s& passages ( ! ,engli% ,bible t might
 be am5d$ )\t any *ange 9 ! g5]al       
texture & ju/ly rev]5c$ language ( !    
v]sion40  ,9 ,july ( ! same ye> an      
address to ! ,cr[n 0 mov$ 9 ! ,h\se (   
,commons by ,mr4 ,heywood1 memb] = ,nor?
 ,lanca%ire1 pray+ t ,h] ,maje/y w\ld   
appo9t a ,royal ,commission ( le>n$ m5  
to consid] ( su* am5dm5ts ( ! au?oriz$  

v]sion ( ! ,bible z _h be5 already      
propos$1 & to receive sugge/ions f all  
p]sons :o might be will+ to (f] !m1 & to
 report ! am5dm5ts :i* !y might be      
prep>$ to recomm5d4  ,9 ! ,janu>y ( !   
foll[+ ye> a resolution 9 support (     
revision 0 propos$ at ! g5]al meet+ ( ! 
,society = ,promot+ ,*ri/ian ,k1 by !   
,rev4 ,g4 ,f4 ,bib]1 ,,ll4,d41 :o       
subsequ5tly publi%$ ! sub/ance ( 8 spee*
 9 support ( ?is resolution1 "u ! title1
 ,a ,plea = an ,edition ( ! ,au?oriz$   
,v]sion ( ,holy ,scripture ) explanatory
 & em5datory m>g9al read+s4 ,pamphlets  
also 7 publi%$ ! same ye> by ,dr4 ,be>d 
& by ,dr4 ,h5ry ,burgess2 b1 :at x is m 
important to note1 9 t ye> !re 0 publi%$
 ! fir/ ( a s]ies ( works :i* 7 int5d$  
to %[ by example ! k9d ( "w :i* ! wis]  
advocates ( revision desir$ to see      
und]tak54 ,?is 0 ,! ,gospel accord+ to  
,john1 aft] ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 newly  
comp>$ ) ! orig9al ,greek1 & revis$ by  
five cl]gym5--,john ,b>r[1 ,d4,d42      
,george ,mob]ly1 ,d4,c4,l42 ,h5ry ,al=d1

 ,b4,d42 ,william ,g4 ,humphry1 ,b4,d42 
,*>les ,j4 ,ellicott1 ,m4,a4 ,9 t same  
ye> also ,dr4 ,tr5*1 !n ,dean ( ,we/m9/]
 7n[ ,ar*bi%op ( ,dubl971 publi%$ 8 "w  
,on ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( ! ,new        
,te/am5t2 & 9 #ahfc ,dr4 ,plumptre1 9 ! 
,diction>y ( ! ,bible1 reit]at$ !       
/atem5t1 8,! "w ought n to be delay$ mu*
 long]40  ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahgj !           
desirabl5ess ( a fre% revision ( !      
,engli% ,bible 0 advocat$--by ,dr4 ,j4  
,b4 ,lightfoot 9 a pap] read be=e a     
meet+ ( cl]gy2 by ! writ] ( ^! lectures 
9 a pap] read be=e ! annual meet+ ( !   
,congregational ,union ( ,engl& &       
,wales2 by ! ,briti% ,qu>t]ly ,review 9 
its ,janu>y numb]2 &1 f9ally1 by !      
,qu>t]ly ,review 9 its ,april numb]4  ,a
 weighty s5t5ce f ! la/-m5tion$ writ] w 
be a fitt+ conclusion to ! pres5t       
lecture4 8,x is positive unfai?fulness  
on ! "p ( ^? :o h ability & opportunity 
to decl9e ! task4 ,! ,^w ( ,god1 j      
because x is ,god's ,^w1 ought to be    
pres5t$ to e read] 9 a /ate z pure &    

p]fect z human le>n+1 skill1 & ta/e c   
make x4 ,! high] our v5]ation = x ! m   
anxi\s ought we to be to free x f e     
blemi%1 h[ev] small & unimportant4 ,b   
no?+ 9 tru? c be unimportant :i* dims ! 
light ( ,div9e ,revelation40            
,,lecture ,,ix4  ,,! ,,revision ,,(     
#ahha4   ,to ! g5]al cons5sus ( op9ion  
describ$ 9 ! la/ lecture practical      
expression 0 fir/ giv5 by ! action ( !  
,convocation ( ,cant]bury1 9 ! e>ly "p (
 #ahgj4  ,on ,febru>y #aj1 #ahgj1 a     
resolution 0 mov$ 9 ! ,upp] ,h\se (     
,convocation by ,dr4 ,wilb]=ce1 ,bi%op (
 ,w9*e/]1 & second$ by ,dr4 ,ellicott1  
,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol1 8,t a      
,committee ( bo? ,h\ses be appo9t$1 )   
p[] to conf] ) any committee t may be   
appo9t$ by ! ,convocation ( ! ,nor!rn   
,prov9ce1 to report ^u ! desirabl5ess ( 
a revision ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion ( !    
,new ,te/am5t1 :e!r by m>g9al notes or  
o!rwise1 9 all ^? passages :]e pla9 &   
cle> errors1 :e!r 9 ! ,greek ,text      
orig9ally adopt$ by ! translators1 or 9 

! translation made f ! same1 %all1 on   
due inve/igation1 be f\nd to exi/40 ,on 
! motion ( ,dr4 ,ollivant1 ,bi%op (     
,ll&aff1 second$ by ,dr4 ,?irlwall1     
,bi%op ( ,/4 ,davids1 x 0 agre$ to      
enl>ge ?is resolution s z to include !  
,old ,te/am5t also1 & ! resolution z s  
am5d$ 0 ultimately adopt$4  ,?is        
resolution 0 communicat$ to ! ,l[] ,h\se
 on ! foll[+ day 7,febru>y #aa71 :]e x 0
 accept$ )\t a division4  ,! jo9t       
,committee appo9t$ 9 accordance ) ?is   
resolution consi/$ ( sev5 ,bi%ops &     
f\rte5 ,memb]s ( ! ,l[] ,h\se4#ajd ,?is 
,committee met on ,m>* #bd?1 & agre$ to 
! foll[+ report3#aje      ,i4 8,t x is  
desirable t a ,revision ( ! ,au?oriz$   
,v]sion (     ! ,holy ,scriptures be    
und]tak540      ,,ii4 8,t ! ,revision be
 s conduct$ z to comprise bo? ,m>g9al   
r5d]+s1 & su* em5dations z x may be f\nd
 necess>y to     ins]t 9 ! text ( !     
,au?oriz$ ,v]sion40      ,,iii4 8,t 9 ! 
above ,resolutions we d n contemplate   
any new     translation ( ! ,bible1 or  

any alt]ation ( ! language except       
:]e1 9 ! judgm5t ( ! mo/ compet5t       
,s*ol>s1 su* *ange is     necess>y40    
,,iv4 8,t 9 su* necess>y *anges1 ! /yle 
( ! language     employ$ 9 ! exi/+      
,v]sion be closely foll[$40      ,v4 8,t
 x is desirable t ,convocation %\ld     
nom9ate a body (     its own ,memb]s to 
und]take ! "w ( ,revision1 :o %all be at
     lib]ty to invite ! co-op]ation (   
any em95t = s*ol>%ip1 to     :atev]     
nation or religi\s body !y may belong40 
,?is ,report 0 pres5t$ to ! ,upp] ,h\se 
on ,may #crd1 :]e its adoption 0 mov$ by
 ,bi%op ,wilb]=ce1 & second$ by ,bi%op  
,?irlwall1 & c>ri$ unanim\sly4  ,bi%op  
,wilb]=ce !n mov$1 & ,bi%op ,?irlwall   
second$1 8,t a ,committee be n[ appo9t$ 
to consid] & ,report to ,convocation a  
s*eme ( revision on ! pr9ciples laid d[n
 9 ! ,report n[ adopt$1 & t ! ,bi%ops ( 
,w9*e/]1 ,/4 ,davids1 ,ll&aff1 ,gl\ce/] 
& ,bri/ol1 ,salisbury1 ,ely1 ,l9coln1 & 
,ba? & ,wells1 be memb]s ( ! ,committee4
 ,t ! ,committee be emp[]$ to invite !  

co-op]ation ( ^? :om !y may judge fit f 
_! ,biblical ,s*ol>%ip to aid !m 9 _!   
"w40 ,?is also 0 c>ri$ unanim\sly4  ,9 !
 ,l[] ,h\se ! above giv5 ,report ( !    
jo9t ,committee 0 pres5t$ on ,may #e?1  
:5 its adoption 0 mov$ by ,canon        
,selwyn1#ajf & second$ by ,ar*deacon    
,all54 ,9 ! discussion :i* foll[$ two   
attempts 7 made to ov]?r[ ! pr9ciple    
embodi$ 9 ! fif? resolution1 & to conf9e
 ! revision to ,s*ol>s 9 communion ) !  
,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,bo? ( ^! 7             
unsuccessful1 & ! adoption ( ! ,report 0
 c>ri$1 ) two diss5ti5ts only4 ,on !    
foll[+ day1 ,may #f?1 ! ,h\se complet$  
its action by agree+ to ! sugge/ion ( ! 
,upp] ,h\se1 t on ?is occasion x %\ld   
waive its privilege ( appo9t+ on jo9t   
,committees twice z _m z 7 appo9t$ by ! 
,upp] ,h\se1 & %\ld appo9t eight ,memb]s
 only to co-op]ate ) ! eight ,bi%ops    
m5tion$ above4 ,! ,memb]s select$ 7 ,dr4
 ,bick]/e? ! ,prolocutor1 ,dean ,al=d1  
,dean ,/anley1 ,canon ,blakesley1 ,canon
 ,selwyn1 ,ar*deacon ,rose1 ,dr4 ,jebb1 

& ,dr4 ,kay4  ,! fir/ meet+ ( ?is second
 jo9t ,committee 0 held on ,may #be?4 ,x
 0 !n agre$ t ! ,committee %\ld sep>ate 
into two ,companies--"o = ! revision ( !
 ,old ,te/am5t1 & "o = t ( ! ,new4 ,( ! 
,memb]s ( ,committee belong+ to ! ,upp] 
,h\se five 7 assign$ to ! =m] ,company &
 ?ree to ! latt]4 ,! ,memb]s belong+ to 
! ,l[] ,h\se 7 divid$ equally betwe5 !  
two ,companies4 ,at ! same meet+ !      
,committee select$ ! ,s*ol>s :o %\ld be 
invit$ to jo9 ! ,companies1 & also      
decid$ ^u ! g5]al rules t %\ld guide _! 
proc$ure4 ,^! 73      #a4 8,to introduce
 z few alt]ations z possible into !     
,text ( !     ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion         
consi/5tly ) fai?fulness40      #b4 8,to
 limit z f> z possible ! expression (   
su* alt]ations to     ! language ( !    
,au?oriz$ & e>li] ,engli% v]sions40     
#c4 8,ea* ,company to g twice ov] !     
portion to be revis$1 once              
provisionally1 ! second "t f9ally1 & on 
pr9ciples ( vot+ z     h]e9aft] is      
provid$40      #d4 8,t ! ,text to be    

adopt$ be t = :i* ! evid5ce is          
decid$ly prepond]at+2 & t :5 ! ,text s  
adopt$ diff]s     f t f :i* ! ,au?oriz$ 
,v]sion 0 made1 ! alt]ation     be      
indicat$ 9 ! m>g940      #e4 8,to make  
or reta9 no *ange 9 ! ,text on ! second 
& f9al     revision by ea* ,company1    
except two-?irds ( ^? pres5t approve    
( ! same1 b on ! fir/ revision to decide
 by simple     majorities40      #f4 8,9
 e case ( propos$ alt]ation t may h giv5
 rise to     discussion1 to def] ! vot+ 
!reupon till ! next ,meet+1     :5soev] 
! same %all be requir$ by "o-?ird ( ^?  
pres5t at     ! ,meet+1 su* int5d$ vote 
to be ann\nc$ 9 ! notice = !     next   
,meet+40      #g4 8,to revise ! head+s (
 *apt]s1 pages1 p>agraphs1 italics1     
& punctuation40      #h4 8,to ref] on ! 
"p ( ea* ,company1 :5 consid]$          
desirable1     to ,div9es1 ,s*ol>s1 &   
,lit]>y ,m51 :e!r at home or abroad1 =  
_! op9ions40  ,to ^! x 0 add$1 t ! "w ( 
ea* ,company be communicat$ to ! o!r z x
 is complet$1 9 ord] t !re may be z     

little deviation f uni=mity 9 language z
 possible4  ,( ! ,s*ol>s invit$ to jo9 !
 ,companies f\r#ajg decl9$ = v>i\s      
reasons1 & "o#ajh 0 prev5t$ by illness f
 tak+ "p 9 ! "w4 ,! two ,companies :5   
=m$ consi/$ ( ! foll[+ ,memb]s4   ,,!   
,,old ,,te/am5t ,,company4      ,dr4 ,w4
 ,l4 ,alex&]1 ,pr(essor ( ,!ology 9 !   
,congregational     ,!ological ,hall1   
,ed9burgh4      ,dr4 ,e4 ,h4 ,br[ne1    
,bi%op ( ,ely4#aji      ,mr4 ,o4 ,t4    
,*5]y1 ,"l ,almon]'s ,pr(essor (        
,arabic1 ,ox=d4      ,dr4 ,a4 ,b4       
,davidson1 ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1 ,free   
,*ur* ,college1     ,ed9burgh4      ,dr4
 ,b5jam9 ,davies1 ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1  
,bapti/ ,college1 ,reg5t's     ,p>k4    
,dr4 ,p4 ,fairbairn1 ,pr9cipal ( ,free  
,*ur* ,college1 ,glasg[4      ,dr4 ,f4  
,field4      ,dr4 ,g9sburg4      ,dr4   
,f4 ,w4 ,got*1 ,pr9cipal ( ! ,bapti/    
,college1 ,bri/ol4      ,rev4 ,b4       
,h>rison1 ,ar*deacon ( ,maid/one4       
,dr4 ,a4 ,c4 ,h]vey1 ,bi%op ( ,ba? &    
,wells4      ,dr4 ,j4 ,jebb1 ,canon (   

,h]e=d4      ,dr4 ,w4 ,kay1 late        
,pr9cipal ( ,bi%op's ,college1          
,calcutta4      ,dr4 ,/anley ,lea!s1    
,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1 ,k+'s ,college1    
,london4      ,rev4 ,j4 ,mc,gill1       
,pr(essor ( ,ori5tal ,languages1 ,/4    
,&rews4      ,dr4 ,a4 ,ollivant1 ,bi%op 
( ,ll&aff4      ,dr4 ,r ,payne ,smi?1   
,regius ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity1 ,ox=d4#aaj
      ,dr4 ,j4 ,j4 ,s4 ,p][ne1 ,pr(essor
 ( ,hebrew1 ,/4 ,davids ,college1       
,lampet]4#aaa      ,rev4 ,e4 ,h4        
,plumptre1#aab ,pr(essor ( ,new ,te/am5t
 ,exegesis1 ,k+'s     ,college1 ,london4
      ,dr4 ,h4 ,j4 ,rose1 ,ar*deacon (  
,b$=d4      ,dr4 ,w4 ,selwyn1 ,canon (  
,ely1 & ,lady ,m>g>et ,pr(essor (       
,div9ity1     ,cambridge4      ,dr4     
,connop ,?irlwall1 ,bi%op ( ,/4 ,davids4
      ,dr4 ,*ri/oph] ,wordswor?1 ,bi%op 
( ,l9coln4      ,mr4 ,w4 ,a4 ,wright1   
,libr>ian#aac ( ,tr9ity ,college1       
,cambridge4   ,,! ,,new ,,te/am5t       
,,company4      ,dr4 ,h4 ,al=d1 ,dean ( 
,cant]bury4      ,dr4 ,j4 ,angus1       

,pr9cipal ( ! ,bapti/ ,college1 ,reg5t's
 ,p>k4      ,dr4 ,e4 ,h4 ,bick]/e?1     
,prolocutor ( ! ,l[] ,h\se (            
,convocation4#aad      ,dr4 ,j4 ,w4     
,blakesley1 ,canon ( ,cant]bury4#aae    
,dr4 ,j4 ,eadie1 ,pr(essor ( ,biblical  
,lit]ature & ,exegesis to !     ,unit$  
,presbyt]ian ,*ur*1 ,scotl&4      ,dr4  
,c4 ,j4 ,ellicott1 ,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/] &  
,bri/ol4      ,rev4 ,f4 ,j4 ,a4         
,hort4#aaf      ,rev4 ,w4 ,g4 ,humphry1 
,preb5d>y ( ,/4 ,paul's4      ,dr4 ,b4  
,h4 ,k5n$y1 ,canon ( ,ely1 & ,regius    
,pr(essor ( ,greek1     ,cambridge4     
,dr4 ,w4 ,lee1 ,ar*deacon ( ,dubl94     
,dr4 ,j4 ,b4 ,lightfoot4#aag      ,dr4  
,w4 ,milligan1 ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity1    
,ab]de54      ,dr4 ,g4 ,mob]ly1 ,bi%op (
 ,salisbury4      ,rev4 ,w4 ,f4 ,m\lton1
 ,pr(essor ( ,classics1 ,wesleyan       
,college1     ,ri*mond4#aah      ,rev4  
,samuel ,new?1 ,pr(essor ( ,classics1   
,new ,college1 ,london4#aai      ,dr4   
,a4 ,rob]ts4#abj      ,dr4 ,r4 ,scott1  
,ma/] ( ,balliol ,college1 ,ox=d4#aba   

,rev4 ,f4 ,h4 ,scriv5]4#abb      ,dr4   
,g4 ,vance ,smi?4#abc      ,dr4 ,a4 ,p4 
,/anley1 ,dean ( ,we/m9/]4      ,dr4 ,r4
 ,c4 ,tr5*1 ,ar*bi%op ( ,dubl94         
,dr4 ,c4 ,j4 ,vaughan1 ,ma/] ( !        
,temple4#abd      ,dr4 ,b4 ,f4 ,we/cott1
 ,canon ( ,pet]bor\gh4#abe      ,dr4 ,s4
 ,wilb]=ce1 ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]4  ,to ^!   
li/s "s *anges h1 f v>i\s causes1 be5   
made 9 ! c\rse ( ! la/ t5 ye>s1 bo? 9 ! 
way ( addition1 & 9 ! way ( removal4    
99       99       99       99       99  
,to ! ,old ,te/am5t ,company ?irte5     
memb]s h be5 add$--      ,mr4 ,r4 ,n4   
,b5sley1 ,hebrew ,lectur]1 ,caius       
,college1 ,cambridge4      ,rev4 ,j4    
,birrill1 ,pr(essor ( ,ori5tal          
,languages1 ,/ ,&rews1     ,scotl&4     
,dr4 ,f4 ,*ance4      ,rev4 ,t4 ,k4     
,*eyne1 ,hebrew ,lectur]1 ,balliol      
,college1 ,ox=d4      ,dr4 ,g4 ,d\glas1 
,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1 ,free ,*ur*        
,college1 ,glasg[4      ,mr4 ,s4 ,r     
,driv]1 ,tutor ( ,new ,college1 ,ox=d4  
,rev4 ,c4 ,j4 ,elliott4      ,rev4 ,j4  

,d4 ,g$51 ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1 ,wesleyan
 ,college1 ,didsbury4      ,rev4 ,j4 ,r4
 ,lumby1 ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,ca!r9e's         
,college1 ,cambridge4#abf      ,rev4 ,a4
 ,h4 ,sayce1 ,tutor ( ,que5's ,college1 
,ox=d4      ,rev4 ,w4 ,rob]tson ,smi?1  
,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1 ,free ,*ur*        
,college1     ,ab]de54      ,dr4 ,d4 ,h4
 ,weir1 ,pr(essor ( ,ori5tal ,languages1
 ,glasg[4      ,dr4 ,w4 ,wright1        
,pr(essor ( ,arabic1 ,cambridge4  ,dur+ 
! same p]iod x has lo/ t5 memb]s1 sev5  
by dea?3 ,pr(essor ,davies1 ,pr(essor   
,fairbairn1 ,pr(essor ,mc,gill1         
,ar*deacon ,rose1 ,canon ,selwyn1 ,bi%op
 ,?irlwall1 ,pr(essor ,weir2 & ?ree by  
resignation--,canon ,jebb1 ,pr(essor    
,plumptre1 & ,bi%op ,wordswor?4         
99       99       99       99       99  
,! ,new ,te/am5t ,company has und]gone  
less *ange4 ,f\r memb]s h be5 add$--    
,dr4 ,david ,br[n1 ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity1
 ,free ,*ur* ,college1 ,ab]de54         
,dr4 ,c4 ,m]ivale1 ,dean ( ,ely4        
,rev4 ,edw9 ,palm]1 ,pr(essor ( ,lat91  

,ox=d4#abg      ,dr4 ,*>les ,wordswor?1 
,bi%op ( ,/4 ,&rews4  ,f\r also h be5   
remov$--,dean ,al=d1 ,dr4 ,eadie1 &     
,bi%op ,wilb]=ce by dea?1 ,dean ,m]ivale
 by resignation4         99       99    
99       99       99  ,! fir/ *airman ( 
! ,old ,te/am5t ,company 0 ,bi%op       
,?irlwall4 ,^u 8 resignation ( ! (fice 9
 #ahga ,dr4 ,h>old ,br[ne1 !n ,bi%op (  
,ely1 n[ ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]1 0 appo9t$ to 
succe$ him1 & has cont9u$ to hold !     
(fice until n[4 ,dr4 ,ellicott1 ,bi%op (
 ,gl\ce/] & ,bri/ol1 has f ! fir/       
presid$ ov] ! ,new ,te/am5t ,company4   
,! ,old ,te/am5t ,company appo9t$ "o (  
_! own numb]1 ,mr4 ,aldis ,wright1 to   
act z _! secret>y1 tak+ ! m9utes ( _!   
proce$+s1 & conduct+ all ne$ful         
correspond5ce4 ,! ,new ,te/am5t ,company
 deem$ x bett] to assign ?is (fice to "o
 :o 0 n himself bur!n$ ) !              
responsibilities ( ! revision1 & !y 7   
happily able to secure ! effici5t       
s]vices ( ! ,rev4 ,john ,tr\tbeck1      
,m4,a41 "o ( ! ,m9or ,canons ( ,we/m9/] 

,abbey4  ,x w be se5 t ( ! sixty-five   
,engli% s*ol>s :o h tak5 "p 9 ?is "w    
=ty-"o h be5 memb]s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 
& tw5ty-f\r memb]s ( o!r *ur*es4 ,( !   
latt] numb] two repres5t ! ,episcopal   
,*ur* ( ,irel&1 "o ! ,episcopal ,*ur* ( 
,scotl&1 f\r ! ,bapti/s1 ?ree !         
,congregationali/s1 five ! ,free ,*ur* (
 ,scotl&1 five ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* (      
,scotl&1 "o ! ,unit$ ,presbyt]ians1 "o !
 ,unit>ians1 & two ! ,wesleyan          
,me?odi/s4  ,x is on _m gr\nds a matt] =
 ?ankfulness t !y :o took ! initiative 9
 ! =mation ( ! two ,companies 7 able to 
secure s wide a repres5tation ( ! v>i\s 
religi\s communities ( our c\ntry1 & m5 
belong+ to diff]5t s*ools ( religi\s    
?\ght4 ,= :ile no "o c reasonably       
suppose t 9 ! pres5t day any body (     
,s*ol>s w\ld consci\sly all[ !mselves 9 
! translation ( ! ,scriptures to be     
sway$ by any !ological bias1 !re is1 z  
all "k1 su* a ?+ z unconsci\s bias2 & x 
0 greatly to be desir$ t no su*         
suspicion %\ld be rais$ aga9/ ?is       

,revision z = a long "t obta9$ 9 ref]5ce
 to ! ,revision ( #afaa4 ,x 0 also to be
 desir$ t no gr\nd %\ld exi/ t w\ld give
 an excuse = any to say t ?r\gh ! bias (
 !ological prepossessions !             
int]pretations giv5 by "s to important  
passages ( ,scripture 7 unconsci\sly    
ignor$1 & t1 _h su* int]pretations be5  
br\ght "u ! consid]ation ( ! ,revis]s1  
!y mu/1 z hone/ s*ol>s1 h accept$ !m4   
,su* a gr\nd ( objection has happily be5
 exclud$ by ! con/itution ( ! two       
,companies4 ,! v>ieties ( !ological     
op9ion f\nd among/ ! ,revis]s h be5 an  
effici5t protection aga9/ any lapse ( ! 
k9d ref]r$ to1 & x may safely be affirm$
 t no int]pretation ( any important     
doctr9al passage = :i* any respectable  
am\nt ( au?ority c\ld be claim$ has     
fail$ to come "u notice1 or to receive a
 c>eful exam9ation4  ,! advantage       
result+ f ?is v>i$ repres5tation 9 !    
memb]%ip ( ! two ,companies has be5 /ill
 fur!r ext5d$ by ! arrangem5ts :i* h    
secur$ ! co-op]ation ( a consid]able    

numb] ( ,am]ican ,s*ol>s4 ,%ortly aft] !
 =mation ( ! two ,companies /eps 7 tak5 
= enli/+ su* co-op]ation2 & aft] "s     
correspond5ce ) repres5tative m5 9      
,am]ica1 ! ,rev4 ,dr4 ,philip ,s*aff1 ( 
,new ,york1 0 reque/$ to act on behalf (
 ! ,engli% ,companies 9 select+ & invit+
 ,am]ican ,s*ol>s4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahga1 x 
0 report$ to ! ,new ,te/am5t ,company t 
,dr4 ,s*aff _h v]bally in=m$ ! secret>y 
t ! ,am]ican ,revis]s 7 prep>$ to ent]  
^u _! "w4 ,v>i\s causes ( delay1 h[ev]1 
int]v5$1 & x 0 n until ,july #ag?1      
#ahgb1 t ! communication 0 made t !     
,am]ican ,companies 7 duly con/itut$4   
,^! ,companies held _! fir/ meet+ on !  
#d? ( ,octob] 9 t ye>4 ,! foll[+ is !   
li/ ( _! ,memb]s4   ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t 
,,company4      ,pr(essor ,t4 ,j4       
,conant1 ,bapti/1 ,brooklyn1 ,new ,york4
      ,pr(essor ,g4 ,e4 ,day1           
,congregationali/1 ,new ,hav51 ,conn4   
,pr(essor ,j4 ,de ,witt1 ,re=m$ ,*ur*1  
,new ,brunswick1 ,n4,j4      ,pr(essor  
,w4 ,h4 ,gre51 ,presbyt]ian1 ,pr9ceton1 

,n4,j4      ,pr(essor ,g4 ,e4 ,h>e1     
,episcopalian1 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4      
,pr(essor ,c4 ,p4 ,krau?1 ,lu!ran1      
,philadelphia1 ,pa4      ,pr(essor      
,joseph ,pack>d1 ,episcopalian1         
,fairfax1 ,va4      ,pr(essor ,c4 ,e4   
,/[e1 ,congregationali/1 ,cambridge1    
,mass4      ,pr(essor ,j4 ,/rong1       
,me?odi/1 ,madison1 ,n4,j4              
,pr(essor ,c4 ,v4 ,van ,dyke1#abh       
,beirt1 ,syria4      ,pr(essor ,t4      
,lewis1 ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 ,s*5ectady1 ,n4,j4
  ,9 all elev5 memb]s4   ,,! ,,new      
,,te/am5t ,,company4      ,pr(essor     
,ezra ,abbot1 ,unit>ian1 ,cambridge1    
,mass4      ,dr4 ,g4 ,r4 ,crooks1       
,me?odi/1 ,new ,york4      ,pr(essor ,h4
 ,b4 ,hackett1 ,bapti/1 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4,y4 
,pr(essor ,j4 ,hadley1                  
,congregationali/1 ,new ,hav51 ,conn4   
,pr(essor ,c4 ,hodge1 ,presbyt]ian1     
,pr9ceton1 ,n4,j4      ,pr(essor ,a4 ,c4
 ,k5drick1 ,bapti/1 ,ro*e/]1 ,n4,y4     
,dr4 ,alfr$ ,lee1 ,bi%op ( ,delaw>e4    
,pr(essor ,m4 ,b4 ,riddle1 ,re=m$ ,*ur*1

 ,h>t=d1 ,conn4      ,pr(essor ,philip  
,s*aff1 ,presbyt]ian1 ,new ,york4       
,pr(essor ,c4 ,%ort1 ,episcopalian1 ,new
 ,york4      ,pr(essor ,h4 ,b4 ,smi?1   
,presbyt]ian1 ,new ,york4      ,pr(essor
 ,j4 ,h4 ,?ay]1 ,congregationali/1      
,&ov]1 ,mass4      ,pr(essor ,w4 ,f4    
,w>r51 ,me?odi/1 ,bo/on1 ,mass4         
,dr4 ,e4 ,a4 ,wa%burn1 ,episcopalian1   
,new ,york4      ,dr4 ,t4 ,d4 ,woolsey1 
,congregationali/1 ,new ,hav51 ,conn4   
,9 all fifte5 memb]s4  ,f\r ,memb]s h   
s9ce be5 add$ to ! ,old ,te/am5t        
,company2 namely3      ,pr(essor ,c4 ,a4
 ,aik51 ,presbyt]ian1 ,pr9ceton1 ,n4,j4 
,dr4 ,t4 ,w4 ,*amb]s1 ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 ,new
 ,york4      ,pr(essor ,c4 ,m4 ,mead1   
,congregationali/1 ,&ov]1 ,mass4        
,pr(essor ,h4 ,osgood1 ,bapti/1 ,ro*e/]1
 ,n4,y4  ,"o ,memb]1 ,pr(essor ,t4      
,lewis1 has be5 remov$ by dea?4  ,f\r   
,memb]s h be5 add$ to ! ,new ,te/am5t   
,company3      ,dr4 ,j4 ,k4 ,burr1      
,me?odi/1 ,tr5ton1 ,n4,y4      ,dr4 ,t4 
,*ase1 ,bapti/1 ,presid5t ( ,hav]=d     

,college1 ,pa4      ,dr4 ,h4 ,crosby1   
,bapti/1 ,*ancellor ( ,new ,york        
,univ]sity4      ,pr(essor ,timo?y      
,dwight1 ,congregationali/1 ,new ,hav51 
,conn4  ,f\r also h be5 remov$ by dea?1 
,dr4 ,hackett1 ,dr4 ,hadley1 ,dr4 ,c4   
,hodge1 ,dr4 ,h4 ,b4 ,smi?2 & two by    
resignation1 ,dr4 ,crooks & ,dr4 ,w>r54 
99       99       99       99       99  
,x h5ce results t altoge!r n9ety-n9e    
,s*ol>s h1 to a great] or less ext5t1   
tak5 "p 9 ! "w ( ?is revision1 =ty-n9e (
 :om h be5 memb]s ( ! ,episcopalian     
,*ur*es ( ,engl&1 ,scotl&1 ,irel&1 &    
,am]ica1 & fifty memb]s ( o!r ,*ri/ian  
,*ur*es4 ,?is fact is 9 itself full (   
int]e/ & significance4 ,^u no previ\s   
revision h s _m ,s*ol>s be5 engag$4 ,9  
no previ\s revision has ! co-op]ation ( 
^? :o 7 engag$ ^u x be5 s equally       
diffus$ ov] all ! p>ts ( ! "w4 ,9 no    
previ\s revision h ^? :o took ! lead 9  
orig9at+ x1 & c>ry+ x =w>d1 %[n s l>ge a
 measure ( ,*ri/ian confid5ce 9 ,s*ol>s 
:o 7 outside ( _! own communion4 ,9 no  

previ\s revision h su* effective        
precautions be5 creat$ by ! v           
composition ( ! body ( ,revis]s1 aga9/  
accid5tal ov]sight1 or aga9/ any lurk+  
bias t might arise f natural t5d5cies or
 f ecclesia/ical prepossessions4 ,on ^! 
acc\nts alone1 if on no o!r1 ?is        
revision may be fairly said to possess  
peculi> claims ^u ! confid5ce ( all     
?\ghtful & dev\t read]s ( ! ,bible4  ,! 
,new ,te/am5t ,company assembl$ = ! fir/
 "t on ,w$nesday1 ,june #bbnd1 #ahgj4   
,!y met 9 ! ,*apel ( ,h5ry ,,vii41 & !re
 unit$ 9 ! celebration ( ! ,"l's ,supp]4
 ,aft] ?is act ( wor%ip & holy communion
 !y =mally ent]$ ^u ! task assign$ to   
!m4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t ,company held _!   
fir/ meet+ on ,june #cj?4  ,by ! k9dness
 ( ! ,dean ( ,we/m9/]1 ! ,new ,te/am5t  
,company 0 p]mitt$ to hold its meet+s 9 
! ,j]usalem ,*amb]4 ,?is room1 orig9ally
 ! p>l\r ( ! ,abbot's ,palace1 is       
associat$ ) _m int]e/+ ev5ts ( ,engli%  
hi/ory4 ,x 0 to ?is spot t ,h5ry ,,iv4 0
 convey$ :5 seiz$ ) 8 la/ illness2 & "h1

 on ,m>* #bj?1 #adac1 he di$4 ,x 0 "h1 9
 ! days ( ! ,long ,p>liam5t1 t !        
celebrat$ ,assembly ( ,div9es1 driv5 by 
! cold f ,h5ry ,,vii4's ,*apel1 held its
 sixty-six? session1 on ,monday1 ,octob]
 #bnd1 #afdc2 & "h !nce=w>d x cont9u$ to
 meet until its clos+ session 7!        
#aafcrd71 on ,febru>y #bbnd1 #afdi4 ,"h 
7 prep>$ ! fam$ ,we/m9/] ,confession (  
,fai?1 & ! ,long] & ,%ort] ,cate*isms s 
highly priz$ by ! ,presbyt]ian ,*ur*es (
 ,scotl&1 & dur+ _m g5]ations by !      
,indep5d5ts ( ,engl&4 ,"h also1 j fifty 
ye>s lat]1 assembl$ ! memorable         
,commission appo9t$ by ,william ,,iii41 
at ! sugge/ion ( ! ,dean ( ,cant]bury   
7,dr4 ,tillotson71 to devise a basis = a
 s*eme ( compreh5sion 9 a revision ( !  
,pray] ,book4 ,9 ?is room ! ,new        
,te/am5t ,company h held ! l>g] numb] ( 
_! sessions4 ,^u ! few occasions on :i* 
x 0 n available ! ,company has mo/      
frequ5tly met 9 ! ,dean ( ,we/m9/]'s    
libr>y4 ,twice x has held its mon?ly    
session 9 ! ,college ,hall1 twice 9 !   

,*apt] ,libr>y1 & once 9 ,que5 ,anne's  
,b\nty ,(fice4  ,! ,j]usalem ,*amb] is  
an oblong room1 some:at n>r[ = its l5g?1
 measur+ ab\t =ty feet f nor? to s\?1 & 
ab\t tw5ty f ea/ to we/4 ,d[n ! c5tre ( 
! room !re ext5ds a long table2 & on ?is
 table1 9 ! middle ( its ea/]n side1 is 
plac$ ! desk ( ! ,*airman1 ,bi%op       
,ellicott4 ,fac+ ! ,*airman1 & on !     
opposite side ( ! room1 is a small table
 = ! use ( ! ,secret>y4 ,! memb]s ( !   
,company took _! places r\nd ! table )\t
 any pre-arrangem5t1 b j z ea* might f9d
 a seat mo/ ready at h&4 ,! =ce ( habit1
 h[ev]1 soon prevail$1 & mo/ ( ! memb]s 
sat con/antly 9 ! place :i* accid5t or  
*oice _h assign$ to !m4 ,on ! ,*airman's
 "r sat ! ,prolocutor1 ,dr4 ,bick]/e?1 &
 on 8 left1 dur+ ! sixte5 meet+s he 0   
sp>$ to att5d1 sat ! late ,dean (       
,cant]bury1 ,dr4 ,al=d1 :o1 to ! great  
sorr[ ( ! ,company1 0 s e>ly tak5 away f
 _! mid/4 ,betwe5 ! ,prolocutor & !     
nor!rn end ( ! table 7 ! places usually 
occupi$ by ! ,bi%op ( ,salisbury1 !     

,bi%op ( ,/4 ,&rews1 ,dean ,blakesley1 &
 ,mr4 ,humphry4 ,betwe5 ! ,*airman & !  
s\!rn end 7 ! places ( ! ,ar*bi%op (    
,dubl91 ,dr4 ,br[n1 ,dr4 ,vaughan1 ,dr4 
,eadie1 & ,canon ,we/cott4 ,betwe5 !    
,secret>y's table & ! nor!rn end ( !    
long table 7 ! seats ( ,canon ,k5n$y1   
,dr4 ,angus1 ,ar*deacon ,palm]1 & ,dr4  
,hort2 & betwe5 ! ,secret>y's table & ! 
s\!rn end 7 ^? ( ,dr4 ,vance ,smi?1 ,dr4
 ,scriv5]1 ,dr4 ,lightfoot1 ,dean       
,scott1 & ,dr4 ,new?4 ,at ! nor!rn end (
 ! table 7 ! places ( ,ar*deacon ,lee & 
,dean ,/anley2 & at ! s\!rn end ^? (    
,dr4 ,m\lton & ,dr4 ,milligan4  ,z !    
g5]al rules "u :i* ! revision 0 to be   
c>ri$ out _h be5 c>efully prep>$1 no ne$
 exi/$ = any l5g!n$ discussion (        
prelim9>y arrangem5ts1 & ! ,company ^u  
its fir/ meet+ 0 able to ent] at once ^u
 its "w4 ,! memb]s ( ! ,company _h      
previ\sly be5 suppli$ ) %eets1 ea*      
conta9+ a column ( ! pr9t$ text ( !     
,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 ) a wide m>g9 on ei!r
 side = sugge/$ em5dations--! left h&   

m>g9 be+ int5d$ = *anges 9 ! ,greek     
text1 & ! "r h& m>g9 = ^? :i* relat$ to 
! ,engli% r5d]+4 ,^u ^! %eets ea* memb] 
_h ent]$ ! result ( 8 own private /udy (
 ! prescrib$ portion1 & ?us came prep>$ 
) well-consid]$ sugge/ions to submit = !
 judgm5t ( ! ,company4 ,! portion       
prescrib$ = ! fir/ session 0 ,matt4 i4  
to iv4 ,?is portion op5+ ) ! g5ealogy1 !
 "q ( ! spell+ ( prop] names at once    
pres5t$ itself = decision4 ,x 0 felt t1 
by ! tw(old =ms s (t5 giv5 9 ! ,au?oriz$
 ,v]sion to ! names ( p]sons & places1 a
 ne$less difficulty 0 set 9 ! way ( !   
simple read] ( ! ,bible2 & x 0 agre$ t1 
:ile pres]v+ 9 e case ! famili> =ms (   
names :i* _h become ?or\ghly ,engli%$1  
su* z ,john1 ,james1 ,timo?y1 ,jacob1   
,solomon1 c41 all ,old ,te/am5t prop]   
names quot$ 9 ! ,new %\ld foll[ !       
,hebrew r ?an ! ,greek or ,lat91 & s    
appe> "u ! same =m 9 bo? ,te/am5ts4     
,?is "q be+ ?us settl$1 ! ,company      
proce$$ to ! actual details ( !         
revision1 & 9 a surpris+ly %ort "t      

settl$ d[n to an e/abli%$ me?od (       
proc$ure4 ,s little ne$ arose = any     
*ange 9 ?is respect t ! acc\nt ( any "o 
ord9>y meet+ w s]ve z a description (   
all4 ,! ,company assembles at elev5 a4m4
 ,! meet+ is op5$ by pray]1 ! ,*airman  
read+ ?ree collects f ! ,pray] ,book1 & 
clos+ ) ! ,"l's ,pray]4 ,! m9utes ( !   
la/ meet+ are !n read & confirm$4 ,any  
correspond5ce or o!r bus9ess t may      
require consid]ation is next dealt )4   
,^! matt]s be+ settl$1 ! ,*airman       
invites ! ,company to proce$ ) !        
revision1 & reads a %ort passage z giv5 
9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion4 ,! "q is !n ask$ 
:e!r any textual *anges are propos$2 t  
is1 any read+s t diff] f ! ,greek text z
 pres5t$ 9 ! edition publi%$ by ,rob]t  
,/eph5 9 #aeej4 ,if any *ange is        
propos$1 ! evid5ce = & aga9/ is briefly 
/at$1 & ! proposal consid]$4 ,! duty (  
/at+ ?is evid5ce is1 by tacit cons5t1   
devolv$ ^u two memb]s ( ! ,company1 :o1 
f _! previ\s /udies1 are specially      
entitl$ to speak ) au?ority ^u su*      

que/ions--,dr4 ,scriv5] & ,dr4 ,hort--& 
:o come prep>$ to enum]ate p>ticul>ly ! 
au?orities on ei!r side4 ,dr4 ,scriv5]  
op5s up ! matt] by /at+ ! facts ( !     
case1 & by giv+ 8 judgm5t ^u ! be>+ ( ! 
evid5ce4 ,dr4 ,hort foll[s1 & m5tions   
any additional matt]s t may call =      
notice1 & if diff]+ f ,dr4 ,scriv5]'s   
e/imate ( ! weight ( ! evid5ce1 gives 8 
reasons1 & /ates 8 own view4 ,aft]      
discussion1 ! vote ( ! ,company is tak51
 & ! propos$ read+ accept$ or reject$4  
,! text be+ ?us settl$1 ! ,*airman asks 
= proposals on ! r5d]+4 ,any memb] :o   
has any sugge/ion on 8 pap] !n m5tions  
x1 & ?is is tak5 into consid]ation1     
unless "s o!r memb] /ate t he has a     
proposal :i* ref]s to an e>li] clause ( 
! passage1 9 :i* case 8 proposal is tak5
 fir/4 ,! reasons = ! propos$ em5dation 
are !n /at$2 briefly1 if x be an obvi\s 
correction1 & "o :i* x is likely t _m   
memb]s h not$ d[n2 if x be "o less      
obvi\s1 or less likely to comm5d itself 
at fir/ sight1 ! gr\nds ^u :i* x is bas$

 are /at$ m at l5g?4 ,free discussion !n
 foll[s1 & aft] ?is ! vote ( ! ,company 
is tak54 ,succe$+ sugge/ions are        
simil>ly dealt )1 & !n ! passage1 z     
am5d$1 is read by ! ,*airman1 or by !   
,secret>y4 ,! meet+ la/s until six p4m41
 an int]val ( half-an-h\r hav+ be5 all[$
 = lun*eon4 ,! ,company meets e mon?1   
except+ only 9 ! mon?s ( ,augu/ &       
,septemb]1 = a session ( f\r consecutive
 days4  ,at a v e>ly p]iod ( _! lab\rs x
 became cle>ly manife/ to ! ,company t  
!y c\ld only d _! "w satisfactorily by  
do+ x v ?or\ghly1 & t no "q 9 any way   
affect+ ! s5se or ! r5d]+ c\ld be pass$ 
ov] because ( its seem+ unimportance4   
,que/ions1 :e!r ( text or translation1  
:i* appe>$1 :5 reg>d$ 9 relation only to
 ! passage "u review1 to be too m9ute to
 be wor?y ( s]i\s att5tion1 became      
(t5times inve/$ ) a grave importance :5 
o!r1 & especially p>allel1 passages 7   
consid]$2 & ?us propos$ *anges1 :i*     
might o!rwise h be5 dismiss$ z          
unnecess>y1 claim$ = !mselves a c>eful  

exam9ation4 ,z a necess>y result ( ?is  
det]m9ation to make ! revision z        
complete z might be 9 _! p[]1 ! progress
 made 9 ! "w 0 b sl[1 & at ! end ( ! n9?
 day ( meet+ n m ?an #aec v]ses _h be5  
revis$1 an av]age ( only sev5te5 v]ses a
 day4 ,!reupon sev]al memb]s ( !        
,company became al>m$ at ! probable l5g?
 ( "t ov] :i* ! revision w\ld ext5d1 &  
on ! t5? day ( meet+ resolutions 7      
submitt$1 t1 8) a view to swift]        
progress1 ! ,company be divid$ into two 
sections1 ( :i* "o %all proce$ ) !      
,gospels & ! o!r ) ! ,epi/les10 & 8t on 
! la/ day ( ea* mon?ly s]ies ( meet+s ! 
:ole ,company meet toge!r to review ! "w
 done by ! two sep>ate sections40 ,to ^!
 resolutions a full consid]ation 0 giv51
 & ) ! result ( produc+ an almo/        
unanim\s conviction t su* a division ( !
 ,company 0 undesirable4 ,x 0 felt t !  
weight ( au?ority atta*+ to ?is         
,revision1 w\ld1 ) _m p]sons1 be l>gely 
dep5d5t ^u ! fact t x repres5t$ ! unit$ 
judgm5t ( a consid]able numb] ( s*ol>s1 

& t ! propos$ division ( ! ,company w\ld
 consequ5tly t5d to less5 ! claims ( !  
"w to ! confid5ce ( ! public4 ,x 0 f\nd1
 too1 t x w\ld n be possible to make any
 satisfactory division ( ! ,company2 & f
 ! v>i$ qualifications ( ! memb]s1 ea*  
felt t x w\ld be a palpable loss to be  
depriv$ ( ! co-op]ation ( any ( ! re/4  
,x 0 also exce$+ly d\btful :e!r any sav+
 ( "t w\ld be secur$ by ! propos$       
arrangem5t4 ,! review by ! entire       
,company ( ! "w done by ! sep>ate       
divisions w\ld1 9 v _m cases1 reop5     
discussion2 & que/ions :i* _h be5       
decid$1 p]haps unanim\sly1 aft] l5g!n$  
debate1 w\ld be debat$ afre%1 & t1 too1 
by ^? :o 7 less famili> ) all ! be>+s ( 
! "q1 & on ^: acc\nt x w\ld be necess>y 
to give l5g!n$ explanations1 & sometimes
 to retrace o!r gr\nd also4 ,!          
resolutions 7 consequ5tly )drawn1 & !   
conviction became g5]al among/ ! memb]s 
( ! ,company t !y _h no o!r alt]native  
?an to face ! probability ( a mu* long] 
p]iod ( lab\r ?an any "o among/ !m _h at

 fir/ anticipat$1 & to accept ! full    
responsibilities ( ! "w :i* _h be5 laid 
^u !m4  ,aft] ?is ! "w /eadily proce$$1 
& v>i\s g5]al que/ions hav+ be5 decid$ z
 !y arose1 ! rate ( progress became m   
rapid2 b ev5 !n ! av]age did n rise     
above ?irty-five v]ses a day4  ,9       
accordance ) ! rules "u :i* ! ,company 0
 act+1 all proposals made at ! fir/     
revision 7 decid$ by simple majorities2 
b at ! second revision no *ange f !     
,au?oriz$ ,v]sion c\ld be accept$ unless
 x 7 c>ri$ by a majority ( two to "o4   
,?\gh "h & !re ?is rule /ood 9 ! way ( a
 *ange :i* a decid$ majority ( !        
,company 7 ( op9ion 0 "r1 its action ^u 
! :ole 0 v salut>y4  ,at ! second       
revision also ! sugge/ions ( ! ,am]ican 
,revis]s came to ! help ( ! ,company4 ,f
 "t to "t1 z ea* successive portion ( ! 
fir/ revision 0 complet$1 x _h be5 =w>d$
 to ,am]ica4 ,! ,am]ican ,revis]s       
subject$ ?is to a c>eful scrut9y1 & 9 _!
 turn =w>d$ to ,engl& _! criticisms     
!reupon4 ,:]e !y approv$ ! *anges       

provisionally made no?+ 0 said2 :]e !y  
diff]$ !y indicat$ _! diss5t1 & submitt$
 _! own sugge/ions4 ,9 l mann]1 9       
passages :]e no *ange _h be5 made1 !y   
ei!r signifi$ _! ass5t by sil5ce1 or    
express$ _! judgm5t by indep5d5t        
proposals4  ,! fir/ revision ( ! ,gospel
 ( ,mat!w 0 complet$ on ! ?irty-six? day
 ( meet+1 ,may #bd?1 #ahga2 t ( ,m>k on 
! fifty-?ird day1 ,novemb] #af?1 #ahga2 
t ( ,luke on ! eighty-fir/ day1 ,june   
#bbnd1 #ahgb2 & t ( ,john on ! "o hundr$
 & ?ird day1 ,febru>y #ai?1 #ahgc4 ,!   
fir/ revision ( ! ,acts & ! ,ca?olic    
,epi/les 0 complet$ on ! "o hundr$ &    
fifty-second meet+1 ,april #bcrd1 #ahgd4
 ,be=e proce$+ to ! fir/ revision ( !   
rema9+ books x 0 deem$ desirable to     
und]take ! second revision ( ! ,gospels1
 & ?is 0 complet$ on ! "o hundr$ &      
eighty-f\r? meet+1 ,febru>y #be?1 #ahge4
 ,! fir/ revision ( ! ,paul9e ,epi/les 0
 !n comm5c$1 & 0 complet$ on ! two      
hundr$ & sixty-second meet+1 ,febru>y   
#bg?1 #ahgg4 ,! fir/ revision ( !       

,apocalypse 0 complet$ on ! two hundr$ &
 sev5ty-?ird meet+1 ,april #bj?1 #ahgg4 
,x w ?us appe> t ! fir/ revision engag$ 
! ,company dur+ two hundr$ & =ty-"o     
meet+s2 t is to say1 dur+ sixty mon?ly  
sessions1 or six ye>s ( lab\r4 ,!       
att5dance dur+ ?is important p]iod ( !  
"w ma9ta9$ s high an av]age z #afh4  ,x 
_h n be5 orig9ally int5d$ t at ! second 
revision fre% proposals %\ld be         
ent]ta9$2 b z x 0 obvi\sly necess>y to d
 ?is ) reg>d to ! ,am]ican sugge/ions1 x
 0 felt t we ought n to preclude our own
 memb]s f br++ =w>d any new proposal t  
might seem wor?y ( consid]ation1 & t we 
ought n1 = ! sake ( ga9+ "t1 to fett]   
ourselves by any rigid rule4 ,! second  
revision ?us became a f> m s]i\s bus9ess
 ?an _h be5 orig9ally contemplat$1 &    
dem&$ a l>ge measure ( "t & toil4 ,x 0  
complet$ on ,decemb] #ac?1 #ahgh1 hav+  
occupi$ on ! :ole n9ety-six meet+s1 or  
ab\t two ye>s & a half4 ,by rule #e !   
8second0 revision 0 to be reg>d$ z      
8f9al10 b ! c\rse ( ev5ts r5d]$ ?is an  

impossibility1 & s f> ! rule _h to be   
annull$4  ,9 due c\rse ! results ( !    
second revision 7 =w>d$ to ,am]ica1 &   
:ile x indicat$ ! ext5t to :i* ! ,engli%
 ,company _h be5 able to adopt !        
,am]ican sugge/ions--or :at 0 equival5t 
to ?is1 "s ?ird sugge/ion t approv$     
itself alike to ! judgm5t ( bo?         
,companies--x also necess>ily invit$ a  
reply ^u ^? po9ts ab\t :i* !re 0 /ill a 
diff]5ce ( op9ion1 & ?is1 z necess>ily1 
involv$ :at 0 to "s ext5t a ?ird        
revision4 ,! "w ( a fur!r revision _h1  
h[ev]1 be5 previ\sly impos$ ^u !        
,company by a resolution ( its own1 9   
:i* x 0 agre$ t ! memb]s %\ld privately 
read ov] ! v]sion z n[ revis$1 ) ! view 
( m>k+ any r\ghnesses or o!r blemi%es 9 
! ,engli% phraseology2 & t if x %\ld    
appe> to !m t1 )\t do+ any viol5ce to ! 
,greek1 ! ,engli% might be am5d$1 !     
em5dations !y propos$ %\ld be =w>d$ to !
 ,secret>y1 & by him be duly arrang$ &  
pr9t$4 ,to ! consid]ation ( ! v>i\s     
sugge/ions s =w>d$1 & ( ^? conta9$ 9 !  

fur!r communications f ,am]ica1 !       
,company devot$ ?irty-six meet+s1 ext5d+
 f ,febru>y #aa?1 #ahgi1 to ,janu>y     
#bg?1 #ahhj1 ) portions ( "o or two     
subsequ5t meet+s1 be+ f9ally complet$ on
 ,m>* #ag?1 #ahhj4  ,al?\gh ! ,company  
_h endeav\r$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole c\rse ( its 
"w to pres]ve1 z f> z ! idiom ( !       
,engli% language p]mitt$1 uni=mity 9 !  
r5d]+ ( ! same ,greek ^w1 x _h n be5    
possible1 :5 deal+ ) ea* passage        
sep>ately1 to keep 9 view all ! o!r     
passages 9 :i* any p>ticul> ^w might be 
f\nd4 ,x 0 !re=e felt to be desirable to
 reconsid] ! ,revis$ ,v]sion ) exclusive
 ref]5ce to ?is s+le po9t1 & ! pages ( a
 ,greek concordance 7 assign$ 9 equal   
portions to diff]5t memb]s ( ! ,company1
 :o ea* und]took to exam9e e passage 9  
:i* ! words fall+ to 8 %>e might occur1 
& to m>k if 9 any case unnecess>y       
v>iations 9 ! ,engli% _h ei!r be5       
introduc$ or reta9$4 ,! passages s not$ 
7 br\ght be=e ! notice ( ! assembl$     
,company1 & ! "q 0 9 ea* case consid]$  

:e!r1 )\t any injury to ! s5se1 ! r5d]+ 
( ! ^w "u review might be h>moniz$ ) t  
f\nd 9 o!r places4 ,?is "w ( h>moniz+1  
toge!r ) ! prep>ation ( ! preface1      
occupi$ ! ,company until ,novemb] #aa?1 
#ahhj1 on :i* day1 at five o'clock 9 !  
aft]noon1 aft] t5 ye>s & five mon?s (   
lab\r1 ! revision ( ! ,new ,te/am5t 0   
br\ght to its close4  ,on ! ev5+ ( !    
same day1 ,/4 ,m>t9's day1 by ! k9d     
invitation ( ,preb5d>y ,humphry1 !      
,company assembl$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,/4       
,m>t9's-9-!-,fields1 & !re unit$ 9 a    
special s]vice ( pray] & ?anksgiv+2 (   
?anksgiv+ = ! happy completion ( _!     
lab\rs1 = ! _s ( h>mony & bro!rly       
affection t _h ?r\gh\t p]vad$ ! meet+s (
 ! ,company1 & = ! ,div9e goodness :i*  
_h p]mitt$ s _m ) s little int]ruption  
to give !mselves cont9u\sly to ?is "w2 (
 pray] t all t _h be5 wrong 9 _! _s or  
action might be m]cifully =giv51 & t ,he
 ^: glory !y _h humbly /riv5 to promote 
might graci\sly accept ?is _! s]vice1 & 
deign to use x z an in/rum5t = ! good ( 

man1 & ! hon\r ( ,8 holy "n4  ,! total  
numb] ( meet+s ( ! ,company has be5     
#djg1 & ! total numb] ( att5dances      
#f1dbf1abi or an av]age att5dance at ea*
 meet+ ( #aeh memb]s4  ,^u "o o!r po9t  
our read]s w naturally look = "s        
in=mation4 ,h[ h ! necess>y exp5ses (   
?is und]tak+ be5 met8 ,^!1 x w readily  
be se51 w\ld necess>ily be l>ge4 ,s _m  
p]sons c\ld n come toge!r f v>i\s p>ts (
 ! k+dom--"s v di/ant1 includ+ ! extreme
 nor? ( ,scotl&1 & ! extreme we/ (      
,cornwall--& rema9 9 ,london = a week 9 
e mon?1 )\t a consid]able exp5diture (  
money4 ,x 0 also f\nd necess>y = !      
satisfactory execution ( ! "w t ea*     
portion1 f "t to "t z provisionally     
complet$1 %\ld be set up 9 type1 & 9 ?is
 way fur!r exp5ses 7 entail$4 ,! "q (   
meet+ ^! exp5ses 0 at an e>ly p]iod =c$ 
^u ! att5tion ( ! ,company2 = "s memb]s 
be=e _m mon?s _h elaps$ _h be5 put to   
s]i\s co/s1 & :ile all will+ly gave _!  
"t & lab\r1 z f> z !y might be able1 )\t
 res]ve to ?is important "w1 x 0 felt to

 be impossible to all[ ?is extra burd5  
to re/ ^u any1 & ! m s z ! pressure ( x 
mu/ ne$s be v unequally di/ribut$4 ,an  
appeal to ! public = help hav+ met ) no 
adequate response1 x 0 resolv$ to       
dispose ( ! copyright ( ! "w1 9 ! hope  
!reby ( obta9+ suffici5t means ( meet+ !
 exp5ses ( complet+ x4 ,sev]al (f]s f   
diff]5t s\rces 7 made to ! ,companies2 b
 ultimately1 = v>i\s reasons1 x 0 deem$ 
be/ to acc$e to t made by ! ,univ]sity  
,presses ( ,ox=d & ,cambridge1 :]eby1 9 
return = ! copyright ( ! ,revis$        
,v]sion1 ! ,*ancellors1 ,ma/]s1 &       
,s*ol>s ( ! two ,univ]sities agre$ to   
provide a sum :i* x 0 hop$ w\ld suffice 
= ! exp5ses t w\ld be incurr$ 9 !       
prosecution & completion ( ! "w1 & to   
advance a c]ta9 portion ( ! same f "t to
 "t4 ,a draft de$ embody+ ^! agreem5ts  
hav+ be5 submitt$ to ! ,companies 0 aft]
 "s am5dm5ts accept$ on ,decemb] #aj?1  
#ahgb4  ,! agreem5t ) ! ,univ]sity      
,presses b9ds ! two ,companies to a     
revision ( ! ,apocrypha1 a "w n         

contemplat$ 9 _! orig9al und]tak+4 ,!   
,new ,te/am5t ,company h made           
arrangem5ts = tak+ a full %>e ( ?is     
revision1 & ent]$ ^u ! "w 9 ,april la/4 
,until ?is is complet$ !y w n be releas$
 f _! responsibilities4     ,,app5dix4  
7,a47  ,,purvey',s ,,prologue ,,to ,,!  
,,wycliffite ,,bible 7#achh87   ,,*apt] 
,,xv4  #acj ,= z mu* z ,*ri/ sai? t !   
gospel %all be prea*$ 9 all ! _w1 &     
,david sai? ( ! ,apo/les & _! prea*+1 8!
 s\nd ( !m w5t out into ea* l&1 & !     
words ( !m w5t out into ! ends ( ! _w20 
& aga9 ,david sai?1 8,! ,"l %all tell 9 
! ,scriptures ( peoples & ( ^! pr9ces t 
7 9 x20#aca t is1 9 holy ,*ur*1 z ,j]ome
 sai? on t v]se1 8,holy writ is !       
,scripture ( peoples1 = x is made t all 
peoples %\ld "k x20 & ! pr9ces ( ! ,*ur*
 t 7 !re9 be ! apo/les t _h au?ority to 
write holy writ2 = by t same t !        
,apo/les wrote _! ,scriptures by        
au?ority & confirm+ ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 x  
is holy ,scripture & fai? ( ,*ri/ian m51
 & ?is dignity ha? no man aft] !m1 be he

 nev] s holy1 nev] s cunn+1 z ,j]ome    
witnesse? on t v]se4 ,also ,*ri/ sai? ( 
! ,jews t cri$ ,hosanna to ,him 9 !     
temple1 t ?\gh !y 7 /ill /ones %\ld cry2
 & by /ones ,he und]/&e? hea!n m5 t     
wor%ipp$ /ones = _! gods4 ,& we         
,engli%m5 be come ( hea!n m51 !re=e we  
be und]/ood by ^! /ones t %\ld cry holy 
writ2 & z ,jews1 int]pret$              
ackn[l$g+#acb1 signify cl]ks t %\ld make
 ackn[l$gm5t to ,god by rep5tance ( s9s 
& by voice ( ,god's praise1 s our lewd  
7lay1 or unle>n$7 m51 su+ 7foll[+7 !    
corn]-/one ,*ri/1 may be signifi$ by    
/ones t be h>d & abid+ 9 ! f\ndation2 = 
?\gh covet\s cl]ks be wood 7wild1 or    
mad71 by simony1 h]esy1 & _m o!r s9s1 & 
despise & /op holy writ z mu* z !y c1   
yet ! lewd p cry aft] holy writ to k5 x 
& keep x ) great co/ & p]il ( _! life4  
,= ^! reasons & o!r1 ) common *>ity to  
save all m5 9 our realm :i* ,god w\ld h 
sav$1 a simple creature ha? translat$ ! 
,bible out ( ,lat9 into ,engli%4 ,fir/  
?is simple creature _h mu* travail1 )   

div]s fell[s & help]s1 to ga!r _m old   
,bibles1 & o!r doctors & common glosses1
 & to make "o ,lat9 ,bible "s deal true2
 & !n to /udy x anew1 ! text ) ! gloss &
 o!r doctors z he might get1 &          
especially ,lyra on ! ,old ,te/am5t1 t  
help$ full mu* 9 ?is "w2 ! ?ird "t to   
c\nsel ) old gramm>ians & old div9es (  
h>d words & h>d s5t5ces1 h[ !y might be/
 be und]/ood & translat$2 ! f\r? "t to  
translate z cle>ly z he c\ld to !       
s5t5ce1#acc & to h _m good fell[s &     
cunn+ at ! correct+ ( ! translation4    
,fir/ x is to "k t ! be/ translat+ out (
 ,lat9 into ,engli% is to translate aft]
 ! s5t5ce1 & n only aft] ! words1 s t ! 
s5t5ce be z op51 ei!r op5]1 9 ,engli% z 
9 ,lat91 & g n f> f ! lett]2 & if !     
lett] may n be su$ 7foll[$7 9 !         
translat+1 let ! s5t5ce be ev] :ole &   
op51 = ! words ought to s]ve to ! int5t 
& s5t5ce1 & else ! words be sup]flu\s or
 false4 ,9 translat+ into ,engli% _m    
resolutions may make ! s5t5ce op51 z an 
ablative case absolute may be resolv$   

into ^! ?ree words1 ) conv5able         
7suitable7 v]b1 ! :ile1 = if1 z         
gramm>ians say1 z ?us3 ! ma/] read+1 ,i 
/&1 may be resolv$ ?us1 :ile ! ma/]     
reade? ,i /&1 or1 if ! ma/] reade?1 c41 
or1 = ! ma/]1 c42 & sometime x w\ld     
accord well ) ! s5t5ce to be resolv$    
into :5 or into aft]w>d1 ?us1 :5 ! ma/] 
read ,i /ood1 or1 aft] ! ma/] read ,i   
/ood2 & sometime x may well be resolv$  
into a v]b ( ! same t5se z o!rs be 9 !  
same clause1 & into ?is ^w et2 t is1 & 9
 ,engli%1 z ?us1 aresc5tibus hom9ibus   
prae timore2 t is1 & m5 %\ld wax dry =  
dread4 ,also a p>ticiple ( a pres5t t5se
 or pret]ite ( active voice or passive  
may be resolv$ into a v]b ( ! same t5se 
& a conjunction copulative1 z ?us1      
dic5s2 t is1 say+ may be resolv$ ?us1 & 
sai?1 or1 t sai?2 & ?is w 9 _m places   
make ! s5t5ce op51 :]e to ,engli% x1    
aft] ! v]b1 w\ld be d>k & d\btful4 ,also
 a relative1 :i* may be resolv$ into 8  
antec$5t ) a conjunction copulative1 z  
?us1 :i* runne?1 & he runne?4 ,also :5  

"o ^w is once set 9 a clause x may be   
set =? z (t5 z x is und]/ood1 or z (t5 z
 reason & ne$ ask4 ,& ?is ^w autem1 or  
v]o1 may /& = =soo?1 or = b1 & ?us ,i   
use commonly2 & sometime x may /& = &1 z
 old gramm>ians say4 ,also :5 rightful  
con/ruction is let 7prev5t$7 by         
relation1 ,i resolve x op5ly2 ?us :]e   
?is clause ,dom9um =midabunt adv]s>ii   
ejus %\ld be ,engli%$ ?us by ! lett]1 ! 
,"l ,8 adv]s>ies %all dread1 ,i ,engli% 
x ?us by resolution1 ! adv]s>ies ( ! ,"l
 %all dread ,him2 & s ( o!r clauses t be
 l4  ,at ! beg9n+ ,i purpos$1 ) ,god's  
help1 to make ! s5t5ce z true & op5 9   
,engli% z x is 9 ,lat91 or m true & m   
op5 ?an x is 9 ,lat92 & ,i pray = *>ity 
& = common pr(it ( ,*ri/ian s\ls1 t if  
any wise man f9d any default ( ! tru? ( 
translation1 let him set 9 ! true s5t5ce
 & op5 ( holy writ1 b look t he exam9e  
truly 8 ,lat9 ,bible2 = no d\bt he %all 
f9d full _m ,bibles 9 ,lat9 full false1 
if he look _m1 namely1 new2#acd & !     
common ,lat9 ,bibles h m ne$ to be      

correct$1 z _m z ,i h se5 9 my life ?an 
! ,engli% ,bible late translat$4 ,& :]e 
! ,hebrew1 by witness ( ,j]ome1 ( ,lyra1
 & o!r expositors discorde? f our ,lat9 
,bibles1 ,i h set 9 ! m>g91 by mann] ( a
 gloss1 :at ! ,hebrew ha?1 & h[ x is    
und]/ood 9 "s place2 & ,i did ?is mo/ 9 
! ,psalt]1 t ( all our books discorde?  
mo/ f ! ,hebrew2 = ! *ur* reade? n !    
,psalt] by ! la/ translation ( ,j]ome1  
out ( ,hebrew into ,lat91 b ano!r       
translation by o!r m51 t _h mu* less    
cunn+ & hol9ess ?an ,j]ome _h2 & 9 full 
few books ! *ur* reade? ! translation ( 
,j]ome1 z x may be prov$ by ! prop]     
orig9als ( ,j]ome :i* he gloss$4 ,& :]e 
,i h translat$ z op5ly or op5li] 9      
,engli% z 9 ,lat91 let wise m5 deme     
7judge7 t "k well bo? languages1 & "k   
well ! s5t5ce ( holy ,scripture4 ,& :e!r
 ,i h done ?us or n1 no d\bt !y t k5    
well ! s5t5ce ( holy writ & ,engli%     
toge!r1 & w travail ) ,god's grace      
!reab\t1 may make ! ,bible z true & z   
op51 yea1 & op5li]1 9 ,engli% z 9 ,lat94

 ,& no d\bt to a simple man1 ) ,god's   
grace & great travail1 m5 might exp\nd  
mu* op5li] & %ortli] ! ,bible 9 ,engli%1
 ?an ! old great doctors h exp\nd$ x 9  
,lat91 & mu* %>pli] & gr\ndli] ?an _m   
late po/illators1 or expositors h done4 
,b ,god ( ,8 great m]cy1 give u grace to
 live well1 & to see ! tru? 9 conv5able 
mann]1 & acceptable to ,god & ,8 p1 & to
 spell out our "t1 be x %ort1 be x long1
 at ,god's ord9ance4  ,b "s t seem wise 
& holy say ?us1 ,if m5 n[ 7 z holy z    
,j]ome 01 !y might translate out ( ,lat9
 into ,engli%1 z he did out ( ,hebrew & 
out ( ,greek into ,lat91 & else !y %\ld 
n translate n[1 s !y ?9k1 = default (   
hol9ess & cunn+4 ,?\gh ?is replication  
seem col\rable1 x ha? no good gr\nd1    
nei!r reason1 nei!r *>ity2 = :y1        
7because7 ?is replication is m aga9/    
,sa9t ,j]ome & aga9/ ! fir/ ,,lxx4      
translators1 & aga9/ holy *ur*1 ?an     
aga9/ simple m5 t translate n[ into     
,engli%2 = ,sa9t ,j]ome 0 n s holy z !  
,apo/les & ,evangeli/s1 ^: books he     

translat$ into ,lat91 nei!r he _h s high
 gifts ( ! ,holy ,gho/ z !y _h2 & mu* m 
! ,,lxx4 translators 7 n s holy z ,moses
 & ! ,prophets1 & specially ,david2     
nei!r !y _h s great gifts ( ,god z      
,moses & ! ,prophets _h4 ,fur!rmore1    
holy *ur* approve? n only ! true        
translation ( mean ,*ri/ian m51 b also (
 op5 h]etics1 t did away my/]ies (      
,jesus ,*ri/ by guileful translation1 z 
,j]ome witnesse? 9 "o prologue on ,job1 
& 9 ! prologue ( ,daniel4 ,mu* m late ! 
,*ur* ( ,engl& approve ! true & :ole    
translation ( simple m51 t w\ld1 = no   
good on e>?1 by _! witt+ & p[]1 put away
 ! lea/ tru?1 yea1 ! lea/ lett] or      
tittle ( holy writ t be>e? sub/ance or  
*>ge4 ,& dispute !y n 7let !m n dispute7
 ( ! hol9ess ( m5 n[ liv+ 9 ?is deadly  
life2 = !y "k n !reon1 & x is res]v$    
only to ,god's doom4 ,if !y "k any      
notable default by ! translators or _!  
helps1 let !m blame ! default by *>ity &
 m]cy1 & let !m nev] damn a ?+ t may be 
done lawfully by ,god's law1 z we>+ a   

good clo? = a "t1 or rid+ on a horse = a
 great j\rney1 :5 !y wit n :]e=e x is   
done2 = su* ?+s may be done ( simple m5 
) z great *>ity & virtue z "s t hold    
!mselves great & wise1 c ride 9 a gilt  
saddle1 or use cu%ions & b$s & clo?s (  
gold & ( silk1 ) o!r vanities ( ! _w4   
,god grant pity1 m]cy1 & *>ity1 & love (
 common pr(it1 & put away su* fooli%    
dooms 7judgm5t7 t be aga9/ reason &     
*>ity4 ,yet worldly cl]ks ask greatly   
7gr&ly7 :at _s make? idiots 7laym57 h>dy
 to translate n[ ! ,bible into ,engli%1 
s9ce ! f\r great doctors dur/ nev] d    
?is4 ,?is replication is s lewd         
7unle>n$71 t x ne$e? none answ] b       
/illness or c\rte\s scorn2 = ^! great   
doctors 7 none ,engli% m51 nei!r !y 7   
conv]sant among ,engli% m51 nei!r !y    
knew ! language ( ,engli%1 b !y ceas$   
nev] till !y _h holy writ 9 ! "m tongue 
( _! own p4 ,= ,j]ome1 t 0 a ,lat9 man (
 bir?1 translat$ ! ,bible1 bo? out (    
,hebrew & out ( ,greek into ,lat91 &    
exp\nd$ full mu* !reto2 & ,au/9 & _m m  

,lat9s exp\nd$ ! ,bible1 = _m p>ts1 9   
,lat91 to ,lat9 m5 among :i* !y dwelt1 &
 ,lat9 0 a common language to _! p ab\t 
,rome1 & beyond & on ?is half 7side71 z 
,engli% is common to our p1 & yet 7/ill7
 ?is day ! common p 9 ,italy speake?    
,lat9 corrupt1 z true m5 say t h be5 9  
,italy2 & ! numb] ( translators out (   
,greek into ,lat9 passe? man's kn[+1 z  
,au/9 witnesse? 9 ! ij4 book ( ,*ri/ian 
,tea*+1#ace & sai? ?us3 8,! translators 
out ( ,hebrew into ,greek may be numb]$1
 b ,lat9 translators1 or !y t translat$ 
into ,lat91 may n be numb]$ 9 any       
mann]40 ,= 9 ! fir/ times ( fai?1 ea*   
man1 z a ,greek book came to him1 & he  
seem$ to himself to h "s cunn+ ( ,greek 
& ,lat91 0 h>dy 7bold7 to translate1 &  
?is ?+ help$ m ?an lett$ 7h9d]$7        
und]/&+1 if read]s be n neglig5t1 = :y  
7because7 ! behold+ ( _m books ha? %[$  
(f or decl>$ "s d>k] s5t5ces4 ,?is sai? 
,au/9 "h4 ,!re=e ,gro/$ 7,grossete/e7   
sai? t x 0 ,god's w t div]se m5         
translate1 & t div]se translations be 9 

! *ur*1 :]e "o said d>kly1 "o o!r m said
 op5ly4  ,"l ,god1 s9ce at ! beg9n+ (   
fai? s _m m5 translat$ into ,lat91 & to 
great pr(it ( ,lat9 m51 let "o simple   
creature ( ,god translate into ,engli% =
 pr(it ( ,engli%m52 = if worldly cl]ks  
look well _! *ronicles & books !y %all  
f9d t ,b$e translat$ ! ,bible1 & exp\nd$
 mu* 9 ,saxon1 t 0 ,engli%1 or common   
language ( ?is l&1 9 8 "t2 & n only     
,b$e1 b also ,k+ ,alfr$ t f\nd$ ,ox=d1  
translat$ 9 8 la/ days ! beg9n+ ( !     
,psalt] into ,saxon1 & w\ld m if he _h  
liv$ long]4 ,also ,fr5*m51 ,beem]s1#acf 
& ,britons h ! ,bible & o!r books (     
devotion & ( exposition translat$ 9 _!  
"m language4 ,:y %\ld n ,engli%m5 h !   
same 9 _! "m language ,i _c wit1 no b   
7except7 = fals5ess & neglig5ce ( cl]ks1
 or = 7because7 our p is n wor?y to h s 
great grace & gift ( ,god 9 pa9 7p5alty7
 ( _! old s9s4 ,god = 8 m]cy am5d ^!    
evil causes1 & make our p to h1 & k51 & 
keep truly holy writ1 to life & dea?4   
,b 9 translat+ ( words equivocal1 t is1 

t h _m significations "u "o lett]1 may  
lightly be p]il 7!re may easily be a    
dang] ( mi/ake72 = ,au/9 sai? 9 ! ij4   
book ( ,*ri/ian ,tea*+ t if equivocal   
words be n translat$ into ! s5se or     
und]/&+ ( ! au?or x is error1#acg z 9 t 
place ( ! psalm1 ! feet ( !m be swift to
 %$ out blood4 ,! ,greek ^w is equivocal
 to %>p & swift1 & he t translat$ %>p   
feet err$1 & a book t ha? %>p feet is   
false1 & mu/ be am5d$1 z t s5t5ce1 unk9d
 "y trees %all n give deep roots1 ought 
to be ?us plant+s ( adult]y %all n give 
deep roots4#ach ,au/9 sai? ?is !re2     
!re=e a translator ha? great ne$ to /udy
 well ! s5t5ce1 bo? be=e & aft]1 & look 
t su* equivocal words accord ) ! s5t5ce2
 & he ha? ne$ to live a clean life1 & be
 full dev\t 9 pray]s1 & h n 8 wit       
occupi$ ab\t worldly ?+s1 t ! ,holy ,_s1
 au?or ( wisdom1 & cunn+1 & tru?1 dress 
him 9 8 "w1 & suff] him n = to err4     
,also ?is ^w ex signifie? sometime (1 & 
sometime x signifie? by1 z ,j]ome sai?2 
& ?is ^w enim signifie? commonly =soo?1 

&1 z ,j]ome sai?1 x signifie?1 cause    
?us1 =:y4 ,& ?is ^w secundum is tak5 =  
aft]1 z _m m5 say1 & commonly2 b x      
signifie? well by or up1 ?us by y\r ^w1 
or up y\r ^w4 ,_m su* adv]bs1           
conjunctions1 & prepositions be set (f  
"o = ano!r1 & at free *oice ( au?ors    
sometime2 & n[ !y %\ld be tak5 z x      
accorde? be/ to ! s5t5ce4  ,by ?is      
mann]1 ) good liv+ & great travail1 m5  
may come to true & cle> translat+ & true
 und]/&+ ( holy writ1 seem x nev] s h>d 
at ! beg9n+4 ,god grant to u all grace  
to k5 well & to keep well holy writ1 &  
to suff] joyfully "s pa9 = x at ! la/4  
,am54     7,b47  ,,tyndale',s           
,,prologues4   ,i4 ,,new ,,te/am5t#aci  
#aebe4 #d,,to4  ,i h "h translat$1      
bre?r5 & si/]s1 mo/ de> & t5d]ly belov$ 
9 ,*ri/1 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 = y\r         
spiritual edify+1 consolation1 & solace2
 exhort+ in/antly & besee*+ ^? t are    
bett] se5 9 ! tongues ?an ,i1 & t h     
bett] gifts ( grace to int]pret ! s5se (
 ! ,scripture & mean+ ( ! ,_s ?an ,i1 to

 consid] & pond] my lab\r1 & t ) ! _s ( 
meekness2 & if !y p]ceive 9 any places t
 ,i h n atta9$ unto ! v s5se ( ! tongue1
 or mean+ ( ! ,scripture1 or h n giv5 ! 
"r ,engli% ^w1 t !y put to _! h&s to    
am5d x1 rememb]+ t s is _! duty to d4 ,=
 we h n receiv$ ! gifts ( ,god =        
ourselves only1 or = to hide !m2 b = to 
be/[ !m unto ! hon\r+ ( ,god & ,*ri/1 & 
edify+ ( ! congregation1 :i* is ! body (
 ,*ri/4  ,! causes t mov$ me to         
translate1 ,i ?\ght bett] t o!rs %\ld   
imag9e1 ?an t ,i %\ld rehe>se !m4       
,moreov] ,i suppos$ x sup]flu\s2 = :o is
 s bl9d z to ask :y light %\ld be %[$ to
 !m t walk 9 d>kness1 :]e !y _c b       
/umble1 & :]e to /umble is ! dang] (    
et]nal damnation2 o!r s despiteful t he 
w\ld envy any man 7,i speak n 8 bro!r7 s
 necess>y a ?+2 or s b$lam mad to affirm
 t good is ! natural cause ( evil1 &    
d>kness to proce$ out ( light1 & t ly+  
%\ld be gr\nd$ 9 tru? & v]ity1 & n r    
clean contr>y1 t light de/roye? d>kness1
 & v]ity reprove? all mann] ( ly+4      

,aft] x _h pleas$ ,,god to put 9 my m9d 
& also to give me grace to translate ?is
 =e-rehe>s$ ,new ,te/am5t into our      
,engli% tongue1 h[soev] we h done x1 ,i 
suppos$ x v necess>y to put y 9         
remembrance ( c]ta9 po9ts1 :i* are1 t ye
 well und]/& :at ^! words mean3 ! ,old  
,te/am5t1 ! ,new ,te/am5t2 ! law1 !     
gospel2 ,moses1 ,*ri/2 nature1 grace2   
work+ & believ+2 de$s & fai?2 le/ we    
ascribe to ! "o t :i* belonge? to ! o!r1
 & make ( ,*ri/ ,moses1 ( ! gospel !    
law1 despise grace & rob fai?2 & fall f 
meek le>n+ into idle dispicions2 brawl+ 
& scold+ ab\t words4  ,! ,old ,te/am5t  
is a book :]e9 is writt5 ! law ( ,god1 &
 ! de$s ( !m :i* fulfil !m1 & ( !m also 
:i* fulfil !m n4  ,! ,new ,te/am5t is a 
book :]e9 are conta9$ ! promises ( ,god1
 & ! de$s ( !m :i* believe !m or believe
 !m n4  ,evangelion 7t we call ! gospel7
 is a ,greek ^w1 & signifies good1 m]ry1
 glad1 & joyful tid+s1 t make? a man's  
he>t glad1 & make? him s+1 dance1 & leap
 = joy3 z :5 ,david _h kill$ ,golia? !  

giant1 came glad tid+s unto ! ,jews1 t  
_! fe>ful & cruel enemy 0 sla91 & !y    
deliv]$ out ( all dang]2 = gladness     
:]e(1 !y sung1 danc$1 & 7 joyful4 ,9 l  
mann] is ! ,evangelion ( ,god 7:i* we   
call gospel1 & ! ,new ,te/am5t7 joyful  
tid+s2 &1 z "s say1 a good he>+1 publi%$
 by ! apo/les ?r\gh\t all ! _w1 ( ,*ri/ 
! "r ,david1 h[ t he ha? f\ght ) s91 )  
dea?1 & ! devil1 & ov]come !m3 :]eby all
 m5 t 7 9 bondage to s91 w\nd$ ) dea?1  
ov]come ( ! devil1 are1 )\t _! own m]its
 or des]v+s1 loos$1 ju/ifi$1 re/or$ to  
life & sav$1 br\ght to lib]ty &         
reconcil$ unto ! fav\r ( ,god1 & set at 
"o ) him aga92 :i* tid+s1 z _m z        
believe1 laud1 praise1 & ?ank ,god2 are 
glad1 s+1 & dance = joy4  ,?is          
,evangelion or gospel 7t is to say1 su* 
joyful tid+s7 is call$ ! ,new ,te/am5t2 
because t z a man1 :5 he %all die1      
appo9te? 8 goods to be dealt & di/ribut$
 aft] 8 dea? among !m :i* he name? to be
 8 heirs2 ev5 s ,*ri/1 be=e 8 dea?1     
comm&$ & appo9t$ t su* ,evangelion1     

gospel1 or tid+s1 %\ld be decl>$ ?r\gh\t
 all ! _w1 & !re) to give unto all t    
believe1 all 8 goods2 t is to say1 8    
life1 :]e) he swall[$ & dev\r$ up dea?2 
8 righte\sness1 :]e) he bani%$ s92 8    
salvation1 :]e) he ov]came et]nal       
damnation4 ,n[1 c ! wret*$ man1 t kn[e? 
himself to be wrapp$ 9 s91 & 9 dang] to 
dea? & hell1 he> no m joy\s a ?+ ?an su*
 glad & com=table tid+s ( ,*ri/2 s t he 
_c b be glad & laugh f ! l[ bottom ( 8  
he>t1 if he believe t ! tid+s are true4 
,to /r5g? su* fai? )al1 ,god promis$ ?is
 8 ,evangelion 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t by !   
prophets1 z ,paul sai? 7,rom4 i471 h[ t 
he 0 *os5 out to prea* ,god's           
,evangelion1 :i* he be=e _h promis$ by !
 prophets 9 ! ,scriptures1 t treat ( 8  
,son :i* 0 born ( ! se$ ( ,david4 ,9    
,g54 iii4 ,god sai? to ! s]p5t1 8,i w   
put hatr$ betwe5 !e & ! woman1 betwe5 ?y
 se$ & h] se$1 t self se$ %all tread ?y 
head "u foot40 ,*ri/ is ?is woman's se$2
 he x is t ha? trodd5 "u foot ! devil's 
head2 t is to say1 s91 dea?1 hell1 & all

 8 p[]4 ,= )\t ?is se$ c no man avoid   
s91 dea?1 hell1 & ev]la/+ damnation4    
,aga9 7,g54 xxii471 ,god promis$        
,abraham1 say+1 8,9 ?y se$ %all all !   
g5]ations ( ! e>? be bless$40 ,*ri/ is t
 se$ ( ,abraham1 sai? ,/4 ,paul4 7,gal4 
iii47 ,he ha? bless$ all ! _w ?r\gh !   
gospel4 ,= :]e ,*ri/ is n1 !re rema9e? !
 curse t fell on ,adam z soon z he _h   
s9n$1 s t !y are 9 bondage "u !         
condemnation ( s91 dea?1 & hell4 ,aga9/ 
?is curse blesse? n[ ! gospel all ! _w1 
inasmu* z x crie? op5ly1 say+1 ,:osoev] 
believe? on ! ,se$ ( ,abraham %all be   
bless$1 t is1 he %all be deliv]$ f s91  
dea?1 & hell1 & %all h5ce=? cont9ue     
righte\s1 liv+ & sav$ = ev]1 z ,*ri/    
himself sai?1 9 ! elev5? ( ,john1 8,he t
 believe? on me %all nev] m die40  8,!  
law10 sai? ! gospel ( ,john 9 ! fir/    
*apt]1 80 giv5 by ,moses3 b grace &     
v]ity by ,jesus ,*ri/40 ,! law1 ^: m9i/]
 is ,moses1 0 giv5 to br+ u unto ! k (  
ourselves1 t we might !reby feel &      
p]ceive :at we are ( nature4 ,! law     

condemne? u & all our de$s1 & is call$ (
 ,paul 9 #b ,cor4 iii4 ! m9i/ration (   
dea?4 ,= x kille? our consci5ces &      
drive? u to desp]ation1 inasmu* z x     
require? ( u t :i* is impossible = u to 
d4 ,x require? ( u ! de$s ( a :ole man4 
,x require? p]fect love f ! l[ bottom & 
gr\nd ( ! he>t1 z well 9 all ?+s :i* we 
suff]1 z 9 ! ?+s :i* we d4 ,b1 sai?     
,john1 9 ! same place1 8grace & v]ity is
 giv5 u 9 ,*ri/10 s t :5 ! law ha? pass$
 ^u u1 & condemn$ u to dea?1 :i* is its 
nature to d1 !n we h 9 ,*ri/ grace1 t is
 to say1 fav\r1 promises ( life1 ( m]cy1
 ( p>don1 freely by ! m]its ( ,*ri/2 & 9
 ,*ri/ h we v]ity & tru?1 9 t ,god      
fulfille? all 8 promises to !m t        
believe4 ,!re=e is ! gospel ! m9i/ration
 ( life4 ,paul calle? x 9 ! =e rehe>s$  
place ( #b ,cor4 iii4 ! m9i/ration ( !  
,_s & ( righte\sness4  ,9 ! gospel1 :5  
we believe ! promises1 we receive ! ,_s 
( life1 & are ju/ifi$ 9 ! blood ( ,*ri/ 
f all ?+s :]e( ! law condemn$ u4 ,(     
,*ri/ x is writt5 9 ! =e rehe>s$ ,john  

i4 ,?is is ,he ( ^: abundance1 or       
fulness1 all we h receiv$1 grace =      
grace1 or fav\r = fav\r4 ,t is to say1 =
 ! fav\r t ,god ha? to 8 ,son ,*ri/ he  
give? unto u 8 fav\r & good w1 z a fa!r 
to 8 sons4 ,z affirme? ,paul1 say+1     
8,:i* lov$ u 9 8 ,belov$ be=e ! creation
 ( ! _w40 ,*ri/ is made ,"l ov] all1 &  
is call$ 9 scripture ,god's m]cy-/ool2  
:osoev] !re=e flie? to ,*ri/ c nei!r he>
 nor receive ( ,god any o!r ?+ save     
m]cy4  ,9 ! ,old ,te/am5t are _m        
promises1 :i* are no?+ else b !         
,evangelion or gospel1 to save ^? t     
believ$ !m f ! v5geance ( ! law4 ,& 9 ! 
,new ,te/am5t is (t5 made m5tion ( !    
law1 to condemn !m :i* believe n !      
promises4 ,moreov] ! law & ! gospel may 
nev] be sep>ate2 = ! gospel & promises  
s]ve b = tr\bl$ consci5ces1 :i* are     
br\ght to desp]ation1 & feel ! pa9s (   
hell & dea? "u ! law1 & are 9 captivity 
& bondage "u ! law4 ,9 all my de$s ,i   
mu/ h ! law be=e me to condemn m9e      
imp]fectness4 ,= all t ,i d1 be ,i nev] 

s p]fect1 is yet damnable s91 :5 x is   
comp>$ to ! law1 :i* require? ! gr\nd & 
bottom ( m9e he>t4 ,i mu/ !re=e h always
 ! law 9 my sight1 t ,i may be meek 9 ! 
_s1 & give ,god all ! laud & praise1    
ascrib+ to him all righte\sness1 & to   
myself all unrighte\sness & s94 ,i mu/  
also h ! promises be=e m9e eyes1 t ,i   
despair n2 9 :i* promises ,i see ! m]cy1
 fav\r1 & good w ( ,god ^u me1 9 ! blood
 ( 8 ,son ,*ri/1 :i* ha? made           
satisfaction = m9e unp]fectness1 &      
fulfill$ = me t :i* ,i c\ld n d4  ,"h   
may ye p]ceive t two mann] ( p are sore 
deceiv$4 ,fir/1 !y :i* ju/ify !mselves )
 outw>d de$s1 9 t !y ab/a9 outw>dly f t 
:i* ! law =bidde?1 & d outw>dly t :i* ! 
law comm&e?4 ,!y comp>e !mselves to op5 
s9n]s2 & 9 respect ( !m ju/ify !mselves1
 condemn+ ! op5 s9n]s4 ,!y set a veil on
 ,moses' face1 & see n h[ ! law require?
 love f ! bottom ( ! he>t4 ,if !y did !y
 w\ld n condemn _! neighb\rs4 8,love    
hide? ! multitude ( s9s10 sai? ,/4      
,pet]1 9 8 fir/ epi/le4 ,= :om ,i love f

 ! deep bottom & gr\nd ( m9e he>t1 him  
condemn ,i n1 nei!r reckon 8 s9s1 b     
suff] 8 weakness & infirmity1 z a "m !  
weakness ( h] son1 until he gr[ up unto 
a p]fect man4  ,^? also are deceiv$ :i*1
 )\t all fe> ( ,god1 give !mselves unto 
all mann] vices ) full cons5t1 & full   
delectation1 hav+ no respect to ! law ( 
,god 7"u ^: v5geance !y are lock$ up 9  
captivity71 b say1 ,god is m]ciful &    
,*ri/ di$ = u1 suppos+ t su* dream+ &   
imag9ation is t fai? :i* is s greatly   
comm5d$ 9 holy scripture4 ,nay1 t is n  
fai?1 b r a fooli% bl9d op9ion spr++ (  
_! own nature1 & x is n giv5 !m ( ! ,_s 
( ,god2 true fai? is 7z sai? ! apo/le   
,paul7 ! gift ( ,god1 & is giv5 to s9n]s
 aft] ! law ha? pass$ ^u !m1 & ha?      
br\ght _! consci5ces unto ! br9k (      
desp]ation1 & sorr[s ( hell4  ,!y t h   
?is "r fai?1 cons5t to ! law t x is     
righte\s1 & good1 & ju/ify ,god :i* made
 ! law1 & h delectation 9 ! law1 not)/&+
 t !y _c fulfil x1 = _! weakness2 & !y  
abhor :atsoev] ! law =bidde?1 ?\gh !y _c

 avoid x4 ,& _! great sorr[ is1 because 
!y _c fulfil ! w ( ,god 9 ! law2 & ! _s 
t is 9 !m crie? to ,god night & day =   
/r5g? & help1 ) te>s 7z sai? ,paul7 t _c
 be express$ ) tongue4 ,( :i* ?+s !     
belief ( our popi% 7or ( _!7 fa!r1 :om  
!y s magnify = 8 /rong fai?1 ha? none   
exp]i5ce at all4  ,! fir/1 t is to say1 
a ju/ici>y1 :i* ju/ifie? himself ) 8    
outw>d de$s1 cons5te? n to ! inw>d law1 
nei!r ha? delectation !re93 yea1 he w\ld
 r t no su* law 74 ,s he ju/ifie? n     
,god1 b hate? him z a tyrant1 nei!r c>e?
 he = ! promises1 b w ) 8 own /r5g? be  
savi\r ( himself2 no wise glorifie? he  
,god1 ?\gh he seem outw>d to d4  ,!     
second1 t is to say1 ! s5sual p]son1 z a
 voluptu\s sw9e1 nei!r fe>e? ,god 9 8   
law1 nei!r is ?ankful to him = 8        
promises & m]cy1 :i* is set =? 9 ,*ri/  
to all !m t believe4  ,! "r *ri/ian man 
cons5te? to ! law1 t x is righte\s1 &   
ju/ifie? ,god 9 ! law2 = he affirme? t  
,god is righte\s & j1 :i* is au?or ( !  
law4 ,he believe? ! promises ( ,god1 & s

 ju/ifie? ,god1 judg+ him true1 &       
believ+ t he w fulfil 8 promises4 ,) !  
law he condemne? himself & all 8 de$s1 &
 give? all ! praise to ,god4 ,he        
believe? ! promises1 & ascribe? all tru?
 to ,god3 ?us ev]y:]e ju/ifie? he ,god1 
& praise? ,god4  ,by nature1 ?r\gh !    
fall ( ,adam are we ! *ildr5 ( wra?1    
heirs ( ! v5geance ( ,god by bir?1 yea1 
& f our conception4 ,& we h our fell[%ip
 ) ! devils "u ! p[] ( d>kness & rule ( 
,satan1 :ile we are yet 9 our mo!rs'    
wombs2 & ?\gh we %[ n =? ! fruits ( s91 
yet are we full ( ! natural poison :]e( 
all s9ful de$s spr+1 & _c b s9 outw>dly1
 be we nev] s "y1 if occasion be giv52 =
 our nature is to d s91 z is ! nature ( 
a s]p5t to /+4 ,& z a s]p5t yet "y1 or  
yet unbr\ght =?1 is full ( poison1 & _c 
aft]w>d 7:5 ! "t is come1 & occasion    
giv57 b br+ =? ! fruits !re(2 & z an    
add]1 a toad1 or a snake1 is hat$ ( man1
 n = ! evil t x ha? done1 b = ! poison t
 is 9 x & ! hurt :i* x _c b d2 s are we 
hat$ ( ,god = t natural poison :i* is   

conceiv$ & born ) u be=e we d any outw>d
 evil4 ,& z ! evil1 :i* a v5om\s worm   
doe?1 make? x n a s]p5t2 b because x is 
a v5om\s worm1 !re=e do? x evil &       
poisone?2 & z ! fruit make? n ! tree    
evil1 b because x is an evil tree1 !re=e
 x br+e? =? evil fruit1 :5 ! season (   
fruit is2 ev5 s d n our evil de$s make u
 evil2 b because t ( nature we are evil1
 !re=e we bo? ?9k & d evil1 & are "u    
v5geance "u ! law1 convict to et]nal    
damnation by ! law1 & are contr>y to ! w
 ( ,god 9 all our w1 & 9 all ?+s cons5t 
to ! w ( ! fi5d4  ,by grace1 t is to say
 by fav\r1 we are pluck$ out ( ,adam1 ! 
gr\nd ( all evil1 & graff$ 9 ,*ri/ !    
root ( all goodness4 ,9 ,*ri/1 ,god lov$
 u1 8 elect & *os51 be=e ! _w began1 &  
res]v$ u unto ! k ( 8 ,son & ( 8 holy   
gospel2 & :5 ! gospel is prea*$ to u1 he
 op5e? our he>ts1 & give? u grace to    
believe1 & putte? ! ,_s ( ,*ri/ 9 u1 &  
we "k him z our ,fa!r mo/ m]ciful2 & we 
cons5t to ! law1 & love x inw>dly 9 our 
he>t1 & desire to fulfil x1 & sorr[     

because we _c2 :i* w 7s9 we ( frailty   
nev] s mu*7 is suffici5t till m /r5g? be
 giv5 u2 ! blood ( ,*ri/ ha? made       
satisfaction = ! re/2 ! blood ( ,*ri/   
ha? obta9$ all ?+s = u ( ,god4 ,*ri/ is 
our satisfaction1 ,r$eem]1 ,deliv]]1    
,savi\r1 f v5geance & wra?4 ,obs]ve &   
m>k 9 ,paul's1 ,pet]'s1 & ,john's       
epi/les1 & 9 ! gospel1 :at ,*ri/ is unto
 u4  ,by fai? are we sav$ only 9 believ+
 ! promises4 ,& ?\gh fai? be nev] )\t   
love & good works1 yet is our sav+      
imput$ nei!r to love nor unto good      
works1 b unto fai? only4 ,= love & works
 are "u ! law1 :i* require? p]fection1 &
 ! gr\nd & f\nta9 ( ! he>t1 & damne? all
 imp]fectness4 ,n[ is fai? "u !         
promises1 :i* condemn n2 b give all     
grace1 m]cy1 fav\r1 & :atsoev] is       
conta9$ 9 ! promises4  ,righte\sness is 
div]s2 bl9d reason imag9es _m mann] (   
righte\sness4 ,!re is1 9 l mann]1 !     
ju/ify+ ( c]emonies1 "s imag9e !m _! own
 selves1 "s c\nt]feit o!r1 say+1 9 _!   
bl9d reason1 ,su* holy p]sons did ?us & 

?us1 & !y 7 holy m51 !re=e if ,i d s    
likewise ,i %all please ,god2 b !y h no 
answ] ( ,god t t please?4 ,! ,jews seek 
righte\sness 9 _! c]emonies2 :i* ,god   
gave unto !m1 n to ju/ify1 b to describe
 & pa9t ,*ri/ unto !m2 ( :i* ,jews      
te/ifie? ,paul1 say+ h[ t !y h affection
 to ,god1 b n aft] k2 = !y g ab\t to    
/abli% _! own ju/ice1 & are n ob$i5t to 
! ju/ice ( righte\sness t come? ( ,god4 
,! cause is v]ily t except a man ca/    
away 8 own imag9ation & reason1 he _c   
p]ceive ,god1 & und]/& ! virtue & p[] ( 
! blood ( ,*ri/4 ,!re is ! righte\sness 
( works1 z ,i said be=e1 :5 ! he>t is   
away & feele? n h[ ! law is spiritual & 
_c be fulfill$1 b f ! bottom ( ! he>t1 z
 ! j m9i/ration ( all mann] ( laws1 & ! 
obs]v+ ( !m1 & moral virtues :]e9       
philosoph]s put _! felicity &           
bless$ness--:i* all are no?+ 9 ! sight (
 ,god4 ,!re is a full righte\sness1 :5 !
 law is fulfill$ f ! gr\nd ( ! he>t4    
,?is _h nei!r ,pet] nor ,paul 9 ?is life
 p]fectly1 b sigh$ aft] x4 ,!y 7 s f> =?

 bless$ 9 ,*ri/1 t !y hung]$ & ?ir/$    
aft] x4 ,paul _h ?is ?ir/2 he cons5t$ to
 ! law ( ,god1 t x ought s to be1 b he  
f\nd ano!r lu/ 9 8 memb]s1 contr>y to ! 
lu/ & desire ( 8 m9d1 & !re=e cri$ out1 
say+1 8,oh1 wret*$ man t ,i am2 :o %all 
deliv] me f ?is body ( dea?8 ?anks be to
 ,god ?r\gh ,jesus ,*ri/40 ,!           
righte\sness t be=e ,god is ( value1 is 
to believe ! promises ( ,god1 aft] ! law
 ha? conf\nd$ ! consci5ce3 z :5 !       
temporal law (ttimes condemne? ! ?ief or
 murd]]1 & br+e? him to execution1 s t  
he see? no?+ be=e him b pres5t dea?1 &  
!n come? good tid+s1 a *>t] f ! k+1 &   
deliv]e? him4 ,likewise :5 ,god's law   
ha? br\ght ! s9n] into k ( himself1 &   
ha? conf\nd$ 8 consci5ce & op5$ unto him
 ! wra? & v5geance ( ,god2 !n come? good
 tid+s4 ,! ,evangelion %[e? unto him !  
promises ( ,god 9 ,*ri/1 & h[ ,*ri/ ha? 
pur*as$ p>don = him1 ha? satisfi$ ! law 
= him1 & appeas$ ! wra? ( ,god4 ,& !    
poor s9n] believe?1 laude?1 & ?anke?    
,god ?r\gh ,*ri/1 & breake? out into    

exce$+ inw>d joy & gladness1 = t he ha? 
escap$ s great wra?1 s heavy v5geance1 s
 fe>ful & s ev]la/+ a dea?4 ,& he h5ce=?
 is an hung]$ & a?ir/ aft] m            
righte\sness1 t he might fulfil ! law2 &
 m\rne? cont9ually1 comm5d+ 8 weakness  
unto ,god 9 ! blood ( our ,savi\r1 ,*ri/
 ,jesus4  ,"h %all ye see comp5di\sly & 
pla9ly set out1 ! ord] & practice ( e ?+
 be=e rehe>s$4  ,! fall ( ,adam ha? made
 u heirs ( ! v5geance & wra? ( ,god1 &  
heirs ( et]nal damnation2 & ha? br\ght u
 into captivity & bondage "u ! devil4 ,&
 ! devil is our "l1 & our rul]1 our     
head1 our gov]nor1 our pr9ce1 yea1 & our
 god4 ,& our w is lock$ & knit fa/] unto
 ! w ( ! devil1 ?an c\ld a hundr$ ?\s&  
*a9s b9d a man unto a po/4 ,unto !      
devil's w cons5t we ) all our he>ts1 )  
all our m9ds1 ) all our might1 p[]1     
/r5g?1 w1 & lu/s4 ,) :at poison1 deadly 
& v5om\s hate1 hate? a man 8 enemy6 ,)  
h[ great malice ( m9d1 inw>dly1 d we    
slay & murd]6 ,) :at viol5ce & rage1    
yea1 & ) h[ f]v5t lu/1 commit we        

adv\try1 =nication1 & su* l uncleanness6
 ,) :at pleasure & delectation inw>dly  
s]ve? a glutton 8 belly6 ,) :at dilig5ce
 deceive we6 ,h[ busily seek we ! ?+s ( 
?is _w6 ,:atsoev] we d1 ?9k1 or imag9e1 
is abom9able 9 ! sight ( ,god4 ,& we are
 z x 7 asleep 9 s deep bl9dness1 t we c 
nei!r see nor feel :at mis]y1 ?raldom1 &
 wret*$ness we are 91 till ,moses come &
 wake u1 & publi% ! law4 ,:5 we he> !   
law truly prea*$1 h[ t we ought to love 
& hon\r ,god ) all our /r5g? & might1 f 
! l[ bottom ( ! he>t2 & our neighb\rs1  
yea1 our enemies1 z ourselves1 inw>dly1 
f ! gr\nd ( ! he>t1 & d :atsoev] ,god   
bidde?1 & ab/a9 f :atsoev] ,god =bidde?1
 ) all love & meekness1 ) a f]v5t & a   
burn+ lu/ f ! c5tre ( ! he>t1 !n beg9ne?
 ! consci5ce to rage aga9/ ! law1 &     
aga9/ ,god4 ,no sea1 be x ev] s great a 
tempe/1 is s unquiet4 ,= x is n possible
 = a natural man to cons5t to ! law1 t x
 %\ld be good1 or t ,god %\ld be        
righte\s :i* make? ! law2 8 wit1 reason1
 & w be+ s fa/ glu$1 yea1 nail$ & *a9$  

unto ! w ( ! devil4 ,nei!r c any        
creature loose ! bonds1 save ! blood (  
,*ri/4  ,?is is ! captivity & bondage   
:5ce ,*ri/ deliv]$ u1 r$eem$1 & loos$ u4
 ,8 blood1 8 dea?1 8 pati5ce 9 suff]+   
rebukes & wrongs1 8 pray]s & fa/+s1 8   
meekness & fulfill+ ( ! utt]mo/ po9t ( !
 law1 appeas$ ! wra? ( ,god1 br\ght !   
fav\r ( ,god to u aga91 obta9$ t ,god   
%\ld love u fir/1 & be our ,fa!r1 & t a 
m]ciful ,fa!r1 t w consid] our          
infirmities & weakness1 & w give u 8 ,_s
 aga9 7:i* 0 tak5 away 9 ! fall ( ,adam7
 to rule1 gov]n1 & /r5g? u1 & to break !
 bonds ( ,satan1 :]e9 we 7 s /raight    
b\nd4 ,:5 ,*ri/ is ?uswise prea*$1 & !  
promises rehe>s$ :i* are conta9$ 9 !    
prophets1 9 ! psalms1 & 9 div]s places (
 ! five books ( ,moses1 !n ! he>ts ( !m 
:i* are elect & *os51 beg9 to wax s(t & 
melt at ! b\nte\s m]cy ( ,god1 & k9dness
 %ew$ ( ,*ri/4 ,= :5 ! ,evangelion is   
prea*$1 ! ,_s ( ,god ent]e? into !m :om 
,god ha? orda9$ & appo9t$ unto et]nal   
life1 & op5e? _! inw>d eyes1 & worke?   

su* belief 9 !m4 ,:5 ! w(ul consci5ces  
feel & ta/e h[ sweet a ?+ ! bitt] dea? (
 ,*ri/ is1 & h[ m]ciful & lov+ ,god is  
?r\gh ,*ri/'s pur*as+ & m]its1 !y beg9  
to love aga91 & to cons5t to ! law (    
,god1 t x is good & ought s to be1 & t  
,god is righte\s :i* made x2 & !y desire
 to fulfil ! law1 ev5 z ! sick man      
desire? to be :ole1 & are an hung]$ &   
?ir/ aft] m righte\sness & aft] m /r5g? 
to fulfil ! law m p]fectly4 ,& 9 all t  
!y d1 or omit & leave undone1 !y seek   
,god's hon\r & 8 w ) meekness1 ev]      
condemn+ ! imp]fectness ( _! de$s by !  
law4  ,n[ ,*ri/ /&e? u 9 d\ble /ead1 & u
 s]ve? 9 two mann] wise3 ,fir/1 he is   
our ,r$eem]1 ,deliv]]1 ,reconcil]1      
,m$iator1 ,int]cessor1 ,advocate1       
,attorney1 ,solicitor1 our ,hope1       
,com=t1 ,%ield1 ,protection1 ,def5d]1   
,/r5g?1 ,heal?1 ,satisfaction1 &        
,salvation4 ,8 blood1 8 dea?1 all t he  
ev] did1 is ours4 ,& ,*ri/ himself1 )   
all t he is or c d1 is ours4 ,8         
blood-%$d+ & all t he did1 do? me z good

 s]vice z ?\gh ,i myself _h done x4 ,&  
,god 7z great z he is7 is m9e1 ) all t  
he ha?1 ?r\gh ,*ri/ & 8 pur*as+4        
,second>ily1 aft] t we be ov]come ) love
 & k9dness1 & n[ seek to d ! w ( ,god1  
:i* is a *ri/ian man's nature1 !n h we  
,*ri/ an example to c\nt]feit1 z sai?   
,*ri/ himself 9 ,john1 8,i h giv5 y an  
example40 ,& 9 ano!r evangeli/ he sai?1 
8,he t w be great among y1 %all be y\r  
s]vant & m9i/]1 z ! ,son ( man came to  
m9i/] & n to be m9i/]$ unto40 ,& ,paul  
sai?1 8,c\nt]feit#adj ,*ri/40 ,& ,pet]  
sai?1 8,*ri/ di$ = y1 & left y an       
example to foll[ 8 /eps40 ,:atsoev]     
!re=e fai? ha? receiv$ ( ,god ?r\gh     
,*ri/'s blood & des]v+1 t same mu/ love 
%$ out e :it1 & be/[ x on our neighb\rs 
unto _! pr(it1 yea1 & t ?\gh !y be our  
enemies4 ,by fai? we receive ( ,god1 &  
by love we %$ out aga94 ,& t mu/ we d   
freely aft] ! example ( ,*ri/1 )\t any  
o!r respect1 save our neighb\r's weal?  
only1 & nei!r look = rew>d 9 ! e>?1 nor 
yet 9 heav51 = our de$s4 ,b ( pure love 

mu/ we be/[ ourselves1 all t we h1 & all
 t we are able to d1 ev5 on our enemies1
 to br+ !m to ,god1 consid]+ no?+ b _!  
weal?1 z ,*ri/ did ours4 ,*ri/ did n 8  
de$s to obta9 heav5 !reby 7t _h be5 a   
madness71 heav5 0 8 already1 he 0 heir  
!re(1 x 0 8 by inh]itance2 b did !m     
freely = our sakes1 consid]+ no?+ b our 
weal?1 & to br+ ! fav\r ( ,god to u     
aga91 & u to ,god4 ,& no natural son t  
is 8 fa!r's heir1 do? 8 fa!r's w because
 he w\ld be heir2 t he is already by    
bir?1 8 fa!r gave him t ere he 0 born1 &
 is loa!r t he %\ld g )\t x1 ?an he     
himself ha? wit to be2 b out ( pure love
 do? he t he do?4 ,& ask him1 ,:y he do?
 any ?+ t he do?8 he answ]e?1 ,my fa!r  
bade1 x is my fa!r's w1 x please? my    
fa!r4 ,bond s]vants "w = hire1 *ildr5 = 
love3 = _! fa!r ) all he ha?1 is !irs   
already4 ,s a ,*ri/ian man do? freely   
all t he do?1 consid]e? no?+ b ! w (    
,god1 & 8 neighb\r's weal? only4 ,if ,i 
live *a/e1 ,i d x n to obta9 heav5      
!reby2 = !n %\ld ,i d wrong to ! blood (

 ,*ri/2 ,*ri/'s blood has obta9$ me t2  
,*ri/'s m]its h made me heir !re(2 he is
 bo? door & way ?i!rw>ds3 nei!r t ,i    
look = an high] room 9 heav5 ?an !y %all
 h :i* live 9 w$lock1 o!r ?an a :ore ( !
 /ews1 if %e rep5t2 = t 7 ! pride (     
,lucif]1 b freely to wait on !          
evangelion2 & to s]ve my bro!r )al2 ev5 
z "o h& helpe? ano!r1 or "o memb] ano!r1
 because "o feele? ano!r's grief1 & !   
pa9 ( ! "o is ! pa9 ( ! o!r4 ,:atsoev]  
is done to ! lea/ ( u 7:e!r x be good or
 bad71 x is done to ,*ri/2 & :atsoev] is
 done to my bro!r1 if ,i be a *ri/ian   
man1 t same is done to me4 ,nei!r do? my
 bro!r's pa9 grieve me less ?an m9e own3
 nei!r rejoice ,i less at 8 welf>e ?an  
at m9e own4 ,if x 7 n s1 h[ sai? ,paul8 
8,let him t rejoice?1 rejoice 9 ! ,"l10 
t is to say1 ,*ri/1 :i* is ,"l ov] all  
creatures4 ,if my m]its obta9$ me heav51
 or a high] room !re1 !n _h ,i :]e9 ,i  
might rejoice besides ! ,"l4  ,"h see ye
 ! nature ( ! law1 & ! nature ( !       
evangelion4 ,h[ ! law is ! key t b9de? &

 damne? all m51 & ! evangelion loose? !m
 aga94 ,! law goe? be=e1 & ! evangelion 
foll[e?4 ,:5 a prea*] prea*e? ! law1 he 
b9de? all consci5ces2 & :5 he prea*e? ! 
gospel1 he loose? !m aga94 ,^! two      
salves 7,i mean ! law & ! gospel7 use?  
,god & 8 prea*] to heal & cure s9n]s    
)al4 ,! law drive? out ! disease & make?
 x appe>1 & is a %>p salve1 & a frett+  
corosy1 & kille? ! dead fle%1 & loose? &
 drawe? ! sores out by ! roots1 & all   
corruption4 ,x pulle? f a man ! tru/ &  
confid5ce t he ha? 9 himself1 & 9 8 own 
works1 m]its1 des]v+s1 & c]emonies4 ,x  
kille? him1 s5de? him d[n to hell1 &    
br+e? him to utt] desp]ation1 & prep>e? 
! way ( ! ,"l1 z x is writt5 ( ,john !  
,bapti/4 ,= x is n possible t ,*ri/ %\ld
 come to a man1 z long z he tru/e? 9    
himself1 or 9 any worldly ?+4 ,!n come? 
! evangelion1 a m g5tle pla/]1 :i*      
supple? & suage? ! w\nds ( ! consci5ce1 
& br+e? heal?4 ,x br+e? ! ,_s ( ,god1   
:i* loose? ! bonds ( ,satan1 & unite? u 
to ,god & 8 w1 ?r\gh /rong fai? & f]v5t 

love1 ) bonds too /rong = ! devil1 ! _w1
 or any creature to loose !m4 ,& ! poor 
& wret*$ s9n] feele? s great m]cy1 love1
 & k9dness 9 ,god1 t he is sure 9       
himself h[ t x is n possible t ,god %\ld
 =sake him1 or )draw 8 m]cy & love f    
him2 & he boldly crie? out ) ,paul1     
say+1 8,:o %all sep>ate u f ! love t    
,god love? u )al80 ,t is to say1 ,:at   
%all make me believe t ,god love? me n8 
,%all tribulation8 angui%8 p]secution8  
,%all hung]8 nak$ness8 ,%all sword8     
,nay1 8,i am sure t nei!r dea? nor life1
 nei!r angel1 nei!r rule nor p[]1 nei!r 
pres5t ?+s nor ?+s to come1 nei!r high  
nor l[1 nei!r any creature1 is able to  
sep>ate u f ! love ( ,god1 :i* is 9     
,*ri/ ,jesu our ,"l40 ,9 all su*        
tribulations1 a *ri/ian man p]ceive? t  
,god is 8 ,fa!r1 & love? him ev5 z he   
lov$ ,*ri/ :5 he %$ 8 blood on ! cross4 
,f9ally1 z be=e1 :5 ,i 0 bond to ! devil
 & 8 w1 ,i wr\ght all mann] ( evil &    
wick$ness1 n = hell's sake1 :i* is !    
rew>d ( s91 b because ,i 0 heir ( hell  

by bir? & bondage to ! devil1 did ,i    
evil 7= ,i c\ld none o!rwise d2 to d s9 
0 my nature71 ev5 s n[1 s9ce ,i am c\pl$
 to ,god by ,*ri/'s blood1 d ,i well1 n 
= heav5's sake1 b because ,i am heir (  
heav5 by grace & ,*ri/'s pur*as+1 & h ! 
,_s ( ,god1 ,i d good freely1 = s is my 
nature3 z a good tree br+e? =? good     
fruit1 & an evil tree evil fruit4 ,by ! 
fruits %all ye "k :at ! tree is4 ,a     
man's de$s decl>e :at he is )91 b make  
him nei!r good nor bad4 ,we mu/ fir/ be 
evil ere we d evil1 z a s]p5t is fir/   
poison\s ere he poison4 ,we mu/ be also 
good ere we d good1 z ! fire mu/ be fir/
 hot ere x w>m any ?+4 ,take an example3
 ,z ^? bl9d :i* are cur$ 9 ! evangelion 
c\ld n see till ,*ri/ _h giv5 !m sight1 
& deaf c\ld n he> till ,*ri/ _h giv5 !m 
he>+1 & ^? sick c\ld n d ! de$s ( an    
:ole man till ,*ri/ _h giv5 !m heal?2 s 
c no man d good 9 8 s\l till ,*ri/ h    
loos$ him out ( ! bonds ( ,satan1 & h   
giv5 him :]e) to d good2 yea1 & fir/ h  
p\r$ into him t self good ?+ :i* he     

%$de? =? aft]w>ds on o!r4 ,:atsoev] is  
our own1 is s94 ,:atsoev] is above t1 is
 ,*ri/'s gift1 pur*ase1 do+1 & work+4   
,he b\ght x ( 8 ,fa!r de>ly ) 8 blood1  
yea1 ) 8 mo/ bitt] dea?1 & gave 8 life =
 x4 ,:atsoev] good ?+ is 9 u1 t is giv5 
u freely1 )\t our des]v+ or m]its1 =    
,*ri/'s blood's sake4 ,t we desire to   
foll[ ! w ( ,god x is ! gift ( ,*ri/'s  
blood4 ,t we n[ hate ! devil's w        
7:]eunto we 7 s fa/ lock$1 & c\ld n b   
love x7 is also ! gift ( ,*ri/'s blood2 
unto :om belonge? ! praise & hon\r ( our
 good de$s1 & n unto u4   ,,ii4 8,,!    
,,epi/le ,,to ,,! ,,read]0 ,,atta*$ ,,to
 ,,! #hvo ,,edition1 #aebe4  ,give      
dilig5ce1 read]1 ,i exhort !e1 t ?\ come
 ) a pure m9d1 &1 z ! ,scripture sai?1 )
 a s+le eye1 unto ! words ( heal? & (   
et]nal life2 by ! :i*1 if we rep5t &    
believe !m1 we are born anew1 creat$    
afre%1 & enjoy ! fruits ( ! blood (     
,*ri/1 :i* blood crie? n = v5geance1 z !
 blood ( ,abel1 b ha? pur*as$ life1     
love1 fav\r1 grace1 bless+1 & :atsoev]  

is promis$ 9 ! ,scriptures to !m t      
believe & obey ,god1 & /&e? betwe5 u &  
wra?1 v5geance1 curse1 & :atsoev] !     
,scripture ?reat5e? aga9/ ! unbeliev]s &
 disob$i5t1 :i* resi/ & cons5t n 9 _!   
he>ts to ! law ( ,god t x is "r1 holy1  
j1 & ought s to be4 ,m>k ! pla9 &       
manife/ places ( ! ,scriptures1 & 9     
d\btful places see ?\ add no            
int]pretation contr>y to !m1 b z 7,paul 
sai?7 let all be con=mable & agree+ to !
 fai?4 ,note ! diff]5ce ( ! law & ( !   
gospel4 ,! "o aske? & require?1 ! o!r   
p>done? & =give?2 ! "o ?reat5e?1 ! o!r  
promise? all good ?+s to !m t set _!    
tru/ 9 ,*ri/ only4 ,! gospel signifie?  
glad tid+s1 & is no?+ b ! promises (    
good ?+s4 ,all is n gospel t is writt5 9
 ! gospel-book2 = if ! law 7 away ?\    
c\lde/ n "k :at ! gospel meant1 ev5 z ?\
 c\lde/ n see p>don & grace1 except !   
law rebuk$ !e & decl>$ unto !e ?y s91   
misde$1 & trespass4 ,rep5t1 & believe ! 
gospel1 z ,*ri/ sai? 9 ! fir/ ( ,m>k4   
,apply alway ! law to ?y de$s1 :e!r ?\  

f9d lu/ 9 ?9e he>t to ! law-w>d2 & s    
%alt ?\ no d\bt rep5t & feel 9 ?yself a 
c]ta9 sorr[1 pa91 & grief to ?9e he>t1  
because ?\ can/ n ) full lu/ d ! de$s ( 
! law4 ,apply ! gospel1 t is to say !   
promises1 unto ! des]v+ ( ,*ri/1 & to ! 
m]cy ( ,god & 8 tru?1 & s %alt ?\ n     
despair1 b %all feel ,god z a k9d &     
m]ciful fa!r4 ,& 8 ,_s %all dwell 9 !e1 
& %all be /rong 9 !e1 & ! promises %all 
be giv5 !e at ! la/ 7?\gh n by & by1 le/
 ?\ %\lde/ =get ?yself & be neglig5t71 &
 all ?reat5+s %all be =giv5 !e = ,*ri/'s
 blood's sake1 to :om commit ?yself     
altoge!r1 )\t respect ei!r ( ?y good    
de$s or ( ?y bad4  ,!m t are le>n$      
,*ri/ianly ,i besee*1 =asmu* z ,i am    
sure1 & my consci5ce be>e? me record1 t 
( a pure int5t1 s+ly & fai?fully1 ,i h  
int]pret$ x1 z f> =? z ,god gave me !   
gift ( k & und]/&+1 t ! rud5ess ( ! "w  
n[ at ! fir/ "t (f5d !m n2 b t !y       
consid] h[ t ,i _h no man to c\nt]feit1 
nei!r 0 help$ ) ,engli% ( any t _h      
int]pret$ ! same or su* l ?+ 9 !        

,scripture be=etime4 ,moreov]1 ev5 v    
necessity1 & cumbrance 7,god is record7 
above /r5g?1 :i* ,i w n rehe>se1 le/ we 
%\ld seem to boa/ ourselves1 caus$ t _m 
?+s are lack+ :i* necess>ily are        
requir$4 ,c\nt x z a ?+ n hav+ 8 full   
%ape1 b z x 7 born be=e 8 "t1 ev5 z a ?+
 begun r ?an f9i%$4 ,9 "t to come 7if   
,god h appo9t$ u !reunto7 we w give x 8 
full %ape1 & put out if ought be add$   
sup]fl\sly1 & add to if ought be ov]se5 
?r\gh neglig5ce1 & w en=ce to br+ to    
comp5di\sness t :i* is n[ translat$ at !
 l5g?1 & to give light :]e x is requir$1
 & to seek 9 c]ta9 places m prop]       
,engli%1 & ) a table to exp\nd ! words  
:i* are n commonly us$1 & %[ h[ !       
,scripture use? _m words :i* are o!rwise
 und]/ood ( ! common p1 & to help ) a   
decl>ation :]e "o tongue take? n ano!r2 
& w endeav\r ourselves1 z x 71 to see! x
 bett]1 & to make x m apt = ! weak      
/oma*s1 desir+ !m t are le>n$ & able to 
rememb] _! duty1 & to help !m !reunto1 &
 to be/[ unto ! edify+ ( ,*ri/'s body1  

:i* is ! congregation ( !m t believe1 ^?
 gifts :i* !y h receiv$ ( ,god = ! same 
purpose4  ,! grace t come? ( ,*ri/ be ) 
!m t love him4 ,am54   ,,iii4 ,,!       
,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,p5tateu*1 #aecj4   
,:5 ,i _h translat$ ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ,i 
add$ an ,epi/le unto ! latt] end1 9 :i* 
,i desir$ !m t 7 le>n$ to am5d if aught 
7 f\nd amiss4 ,b our malici\s & wily    
hypocrites1 :i* are s /ubborn1 & h>d    
he>t$ 9 _! wick$ abom9ations1 t x is n  
possible = !m to am5d any ?+ at all 7z  
we see by daily exp]i5ce1 :5 bo? _!     
liv+s & do+s are rebuk$ ) ! tru?7 say1  
"s ( !m1 t x is impossible to translate 
! ,scripture into ,engli%2 "s t x is n  
lawful = ! lay p to h x 9 _! "m tongue2 
"s t x w\ld make !m all h]etics2 z x    
w\ld no d\bt f _m ?+s :i* !y ( long "t h
 falsely taught2 & t is ! :ole cause    
:]e=e !y =bid x1 ?\gh !y o!r cloaks     
pret5d4 ,& "s1 or r e "o1 say t x w\ld  
make !m rise aga9/ ! k+1 :om !y !mselves
 7unto _! damnation7 nev] yet obey$4 ,& 
le/ ! temporal rul]s %\ld see _!        

falsehood1 if ! ,scripture came to      
light1 cause? !m s to lie4  ,& z = my   
translation1 9 :i* !y affirm unto ! lay 
p1 7z ,i h he>d say7 to be ,i wot n h[  
_m ?\s& h]esies1 s t x _c be m5d$ or    
correct1 !y h yet tak5 s great pa9 to   
exam9e x1 & to comp>e x unto t !y w\ld  
fa9 h x1 & to _! own imag9ations &      
juggl+ t]ms1 & to h some:at to rail at1 
& "u t cloak1 to blaspheme ! tru?1 t !y 
might ) z little lab\r 7z ,i suppose7 h 
translat$ ! mo/ "p ( ! ,bible4 ,= !y :i*
 9 times pa/ 7 wont to look on no m     
,scripture ?an !y f\nd 9 _! ,duns1 or   
su* l devili% doctr9e1 h yet n[ s n>r[ly
 look$ on my ,translation1 t !re is n s 
mu* z "o i !re91 if x lack a tittle ov] 
8 head1 b !y h not$ x1 & numb] x unto ! 
ignorant p = an h]esy4 ,f9ally1 9 ?is !y
 be all agre$1--to drive y f ! k ( !    
,scripture1 & t ye %all n h ! text !re( 
9 ! "m tongue2 & to keep ! _w /ill 9    
d>kness1 to ! int5t !y might sit 9 !    
consci5ces ( ! p1 ?r\gh va9 sup]/ition &
 false doctr9e2 to satisfy _! fil?y     

lu/s1 _! pr\d ambition1 & unsatiable    
covet\sness2 & to exalt _! own hon\r    
above k+ & emp]or1 yea1 & above ,god    
himself4  ,a ?\s& books _h !y lev] to be
 put =? aga9/ _! abom9able do+s &       
doctr9e1 ?an t ! ,scripture %\ld come to
 light4 ,= z long z !y may keep t d[n1  
!y w s d>k5 ! "r way ) ! mi/ ( _!       
sophi/ry1 & s tangle !m t ei!r rebuke or
 despise _! abom9ations1 ) argum5ts (   
philosophy1 & ) worldly similitudes &   
app>5t reasons ( natural wisdom1 & )    
wre/+ ! ,scripture unto _! own purpose1 
clean contr>y unto ! process1 ord]1 &   
mean+ ( ! text2 & s delude !m 9 descant+
 ^u x ) allegories2 & amaze !m1 exp\nd+ 
x 9 _m s5ses be=e ! unle>n$ lay p1 7:5 x
 ha? b "o simple1 lit]al s5se1 ^: light 
! owls _c abide7 t ?\gh ?\ feel 9 ?9e   
he>t1 & art sure1 h[ t all is false t !y
 say1 yet c\ld/ ?\ n solve _! subtle    
riddles4  ,:i* ?+ only mov$ me to       
translate ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,because ,i  
_h p]ceiv$ by exp]i5ce1 h[ t x 0        
impossible to e/abli% ! lay p 9 any tru?

 except ! ,scripture 7 pla9ly laid be=e 
_! eyes 9 _! "m tongue1 t !y might see !
 process1 ord]1 & mean+ ( ! text3 =     
else1 :atsoev] tru? is taught !m1 ^!    
enemies ( all tru? qu5* x aga91 p>tly ) 
! smoke ( _! bottomless pit1 :]e( ?\    
reade/ 9 ,apocalypse *ap4 ix4 t is1 )   
app>5t reasons ( sophi/ry1 & traditions 
( _! own mak+1 f\nd$ )\t gr\nd (        
,scripture1 & p>tly 9 juggl+ ) ! text1  
exp\nd+ x 9 su* a s5se z is impossible  
to ga!r ( ! text1 if ?\ see ! process1  
ord]1 & mean+ !re(4  ,& ev5 9 ! bi%op ( 
,london's h\se ,i int5d$ to h done x4 ,=
 :5 ,i 0 s turmoil$ 9 ! c\ntry :]e ,i 01
 t ,i c\ld no long] dwell !re 7! process
 :]e( 7 too long "h to rehe>se71 ,i ?is 
wise ?\ght 9 myself--?is ,i suff]       
because ! prie/s ( ! c\ntry be unle>n$2 
z ,god kn[e?1 !re are a full ignorant   
sort :i* h se5 no m ,lat9 ?an t !y read 
9 _! ,portesses & ,missals1 :i* yet _m (
 !m c sc>cely read 7except x be ,alb]tus
 de ,secretis ,muli]um1 9 :i* yet1 ?\gh 
!y be nev] s sorrily le>n$1 !y pore day 

& night1 & make notes !re91 & all to    
tea* ! midwives z !y say2 & ,l9wode1 a  
book ( con/itutions to ga!r ty!s1       
mortu>ies1 (f]+s1 cu/oms1 & o!r pillage 
:i* !y call n !irs1 b ,god's "p1 & !    
duty ( holy *ur* to dis*>ge _!          
consci5ces )al3 = !y are b\nd t !y %all 
n dim9i%1 b increase all ?+s unto !     
utt]mo/ ( _! p[]s71 &1 !re=e 7because !y
 are ?us unle>n$1 ?\ght ,i71 :5 !y come 
toge!r to ! ale-h\se1 :i* is _! prea*+  
place1 !y affirm t my say+s are h]esy4  
,& besides t1 !y add to ( _! own heads  
:i* ,i nev] spake1 z ! mann] is1 to     
prolong ! tale to %ort ! "t )al1 &      
accus$ me secretly to ! *ancellor1 & o!r
 ! bi%op's (fic]s4 ,&1 inde$1 :5 ,i came
 be=e ! *ancellor1 he ?reat5$ me        
griev\sly1 & revil$ me1 & rat$ me z ?\gh
 ,i _h be5 a dog1 & laid to my *>ge :]e(
 !re c\ld be none accus] br\ght =? 7z _!
 mann] is n to br+ =? ! accus]71 & yet  
all ! prie/s ( ! c\ntry 7 ! same day    
!re4  ,z ,i ?is ?\ght1 ! bi%op ( ,london
 came to my remembrance1 :om ,erasmus   

7^: tongue make? ( little gnats great   
elephants1 & lifte? up above ! />s      
:osoev] give? him a little exhibition7  
praise? exce$+ly1 among o!r 9 8         
,annotations on ! ,new ,te/am5t1 = 8    
great le>n+4 ,!n1 ?\ght ,i1 if ,i might 
come to ?is man's s]vice1 ,i 7 happy4 ,&
 s ,i gat me to ,london1 &1 ?r\gh !     
acqua9tance ( my ma/]1 came to ,sir     
,h>ry ,gil=d1 ! k+'s grace's comptroll]1
 & br\ght him an ,oration ( ,isocrates1 
:i* ,i _h translat$ out ( ,greek into   
,engli%1 & desir$ him to speak unto my  
"l ( ,london = me1 :i* he also did z he 
%ew$ me1 & will$ me to write an epi/le  
to my "l1 & to g to him myself1 :i* ,i  
also did1 & deliv]$ my epi/le to a      
s]vant ( 8 own1 "o ,william             
,hebil?wayte1 a man ( m9e old           
acqua9tance4 ,b ,god 7:i* kn[e? :at is  
)9 hypocrites7 saw t ,i 0 beguil$1 & t t
 c\nsel 0 n ! next way unto my purpose4 
,& !re=e he gat me no fav\r 9 my "l's   
sight4  ,:]eupon my "l answ]$ me1 8 h\se
 0 full1 he _h m ?an he c\ld well f9d1 &

 advis$ me to seek 9 ,london1 :]e he    
said ,i c\ld n lack a s]vice4 ,& s 9    
,london ,i abode almo/ a ye>1 & m>k$ !  
c\rse ( ! _w1 & he>d our prat]s 7,i w\ld
 say our prea*]s71 h[ !y boa/$ !mselves 
& _! high au?ority2 & beheld ! pomp (   
our prelates1 & h[ busy !y 71 z !y yet  
are1 to set peace & unity 9 ! _w 7?\gh x
 be n possible = !m t walk 9 d>kness to 
cont9ue long 9 peace1 = !y _c b ei!r    
/umble or da% !mselves at "o ?+ or ano!r
 t %all clean unquiet all toge!r7 & saw 
?+s :]e( ,i def] to speak at ?is "t1 &  
und]/ood at ! la/ n only t !re 0 no room
 9 my "l ( ,london's palace to translate
 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 b also t !re 0 no     
place to d x 9 all ,engl&1 z exp]i5ce   
do? n[ op5ly decl>e4  ,"u :at mann]1    
!re=e1 %\ld ,i n[ submit ?is book to be 
correct$ & am5d$ ( !m1 :i* c suff] no?+ 
to be well8 ,or :at prote/ation %\ld ,i 
make 9 su* a matt] unto our prelates1 ^?
 /ubborn ,nimrods :i* s mightily fight  
aga9/ ,god1 & resi/ 8 ,holy ,_s1 en=c+ )
 all craft & subtlety to qu5* ! light ( 

! ev]la/+ ,te/am5t1 promises1 &         
appo9tm5t made betwe5 ,god & u8 & heap+ 
! fi]ce wra? ( ,god ^u all pr9ces &     
rul]s2 mock+ !m ) false feign$ names (  
hypocrisy1 & s]v+ _! lu/s at all po9ts1 
& disp5s+ ) !m ev5 ( ! v laws ( ,god1 ( 
:i* ,*ri/ himself te/ifie?1 ,matt4 v4   
8,t n s mu* z "o tittle !re( may p]i%1  
or be brok540 ,& ( :i* ! prophet sai?1  
,psalm cxviii41 8,?\ ha/ comm&$ ?y laws 
to be kept0 meod1 t is 9 ,hebrew1       
exce$+ly1 ) all dilig5ce1 might1 & p[]2 
& h made !m s mad ) _! juggl+ *>ms1 &   
crafty p]suasions1 t !y ?9k x a full    
satisfaction = all _! wick$ ly+ to      
torm5t su* z tell !m tru?1 & to burn !  
^w ( _! s\l's heal?1 & slay :osoev]     
believe !reon4  ,not)/&+1 yet ,i submit 
?is book1 & all o!r t ,i h ei!r made or 
translat$1 or %all 9 "t to come1 7if x  
be ,god's w t ,i %all fur!r lab\r 9 8   
h>ve/17 unto all !m t submit !mselves   
unto ! ^w ( ,god1 to be correct$ ( !m2  
yea1 & moreov] to be disall[$ & also    
burnt1 if x seem wor?y1 :5 !y h exam9$ x

 ) ! ,hebrew1 s t !y fir/ put =? ( _!   
own translat+ ano!r t is m correct4     
7,c47  ,,cov]dale',s ,,prologue ,,to ,,8
 ,,bible ,,( #aece4   ,consid]+ h[      
excell5t k & le>n+ an int]pret] (       
scripture ought to h 9 ! tongues1 &     
pond]+ also m9e own insuffici5cy !re91 &
 h[ weak ,i am to p]=m ! (fice ( a      
translator1 ,i 0 ! m loa? to m$dle ) ?is
 "w4 ,not)/&+1 :5 ,i consid]$ h[ great  
pity x 0 t we %\ld want x s long1 &     
call$ to my remembrance ! adv]sity ( !m 
:i* 7 n only ( ripe k1 b w\ld also ) all
 _! he>ts h p]=m$ t !y began1 if !y _h n
 _h imp$im5t2 consid]+1 ,i say1 t by    
reason ( _! adv]sity x c\ld n s soon h  
be5 br\ght to an end1 z our mo/ prosp]\s
 nation w\ld fa9 h _h x2 ^! & o!r       
reasonable causes consid]$1 ,i 0 ! m    
bold to take x 9 h&4 ,& to help me h]e91
 ,i h _h sundry translations1 n only 9  
,lat91 b also ( ! ,dut* int]pret]s1 :om1
 because ( _! s+ul> gifts & special     
dilig5ce 9 ! ,bible1 ,i h be5 ! m glad  
to foll[ = ! mo/ "p1 accord+ z ,i 0     

requir$4 ,b1 to say ! tru? be=e ,god1 x 
0 nei!r my lab\r nor desire to h ?is "w 
put 9 my h&3 nev]!less x griev$ me t o!r
 nations %\ld be m pl5te\sly provid$ = )
 ! scripture 9 _! "m-tongue1 ?an we3    
!re=e1 :5 ,i 0 in/antly requir$1 ?\gh ,i
 c\ld n d s well z ,i w\ld1 ,i ?\ght x  
yet my duty to d my be/1 & t ) a good w4
  ,:]eas "s m5 ?9k n[ t _m translations 
make division 9 ! fai? & 9 ! p ( ,god1 t
 is n s3 = x 0 nev] bett] ) !           
congregation ( ,god1 ?an :5 e *ur* almo/
 _h ! ,bible ( a sundry translation4    
,among ! ,greeks _h n ,orig5 a special  
translation8 ,_h n ,vulg>ius "o peculi>1
 & likewise ,*ryso/om8 ,beside ! sev5ty 
int]pret]s1 is !re n ! translation (    
,aquila1 ( ,!odotio1 ( ,symma*us1 & (   
sundry o!r8 ,aga91 among ! ,lat9 m51 ?\ 
f9de/ t e "o almo/ us$ a special &      
sundry translation2 = insomu* z e bi%op 
_h ! k ( ! tongues1 he gave 8 dilig5ce  
to h ! ,bible ( 8 own translation4 ,!   
doctors1 z ,hir5eus1 ,cyprianus1        
,t]tullian1 ,/4 ,hi]ome1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1  

,hil>ius1 & ,/4 ,ambrose1 ^u div]s      
places ( ! scripture1 read n ! text all 
alike4  ,!re=e ought x n to be tak5 z   
evil1 t su* m5 z h und]/&+ n[ 9 our "t1 
ex]cise !mselves 9 ! tongues1 & give _! 
dilig5ce to translate out ( "o language 
into ano!r4 ,yea1 we ought r to give    
,god high ?anks !re=e1 :i* ?r\gh 8 ,_s  
/irre? up m5's m9ds s to ex]cise        
!mselves !re94 ,w\ld ,god x _h nev] be5 
left (f aft] ! "t ( ,/4 ,augu/9e6 !n    
%\ld we nev] h come into su* bl9dness & 
ignorance1 into su* errors & delusions4 
,= z soon z ! ,bible 0 ca/ aside1 & no m
 put 9 ex]cise1 !n began e "o ( 8 own   
head to write :atsoev] came into 8 bra91
 & t seem$ to be good 9 8 own eyes2 & s 
grew ! d>kness ( m5's traditions4 ,& ?is
 same is ! cause t we h _h s _m writ]s1 
:i* seldom made m5tion ( ! scripture ( !
 ,bible2 & ?\gh !y sometime alleg$ x1   
yet 0 x done s f> out ( season1 & s wide
 f ! purpose1 t a man may well p]ceive1 
h[ t !y nev] saw ! orig9al4  ,see+ !n t 
?is dilig5t ex]cise ( translat+ do? s   

mu* good & edifie? 9 o!r languages1 :y  
%\ld x d evil 9 ours8 ,d\btless1 l z all
 nations 9 ! div]sity ( spee*es may "k  
"o ,god 9 ! unity ( fai?1 & be "o 9     
love2 ev5 s may div]s translations      
und]/& "o ano!r1 & t 9 ! head articles &
 gr\nd ( our mo/ bless$ fai?1 ?\gh !y   
use sundry words4 ,:]e=e me?9k we h     
great occasion to give ?anks unto ,god1 
t he ha? op5$ unto 8 *ur* ! gift (      
int]pretation & ( pr9t+1 & t !re are n[ 
at ?is "t s _m1 :i* ) su* dilig5ce &    
fai?fulness int]pret ! scripture1 to !  
hon\r ( ,god & edify+ ( 8 p3 :]eas1 l z 
:5 _m are %oot+ toge!r1 e "o do? 8 be/  
to be nighe/ ! m>k2 & ?\gh !y _c all    
atta9 !reto1 yet %oote? "o nigh] ?an    
ano!r & hitte? x bett] ?an ano!r2 yea1  
"o c d x bett] ?an ano!r4 ,:o is n[ !n s
 unreasonable1 s despiteful1 or envi\s1 
z to abhor him t do? all 8 dilig5ce to  
hit ! prick1 & to %oot nighe/ x1 ?\gh he
 miss & come n nighe/ ! m>k8 ,ought n   
su* "o r to be comm5d$1 & to be help$   
=w>d1 t he may ex]cise himself ! m !re98

  ,= ! :i* cause1 accord+ z ,i 0 desir$1
 ,i took ! m ^u me to set =? ?is special
 translation1 n z a *eck]1 n z a        
reprov]1 or despis] ( o!r m5's          
translations1 7= among _m z yet ,i h    
f\nd none )\t occasion ( great ?anksgiv+
 unto ,god27 b l[ly & fai?fully h ,i    
foll[$ m9e int]pret]s1 & t "u           
correction2 & ?\gh ,i h fail$ any:]e 7z 
!re is no man b he misse? 9 "s ?+71 love
 %all con/rue all to ! be/1 )\t any     
p]v]se judgm5t4 ,!re is no man liv+ t c 
see all ?+s1 nei!r ha? ,god giv5 any man
 to "k ev]y?+4 ,"o see? m cle>ly ?an    
ano!r1 "o ha? m und]/&+ ?an ano!r1 "o c 
utt] a ?+ bett] ?an ano!r2 b no man     
ought to envy or despise ano!r4 ,he t c 
d bett] ?an ano!r1 %\ld n set him at    
n\ght t und]/&e? less4 ,yea1 he t ha? ! 
m und]/&+ ought to rememb]1 t ! same    
gift is n 81 b ,god's1 & t ,god ha? giv5
 x him to tea* & in=m ! ignorant4 ,if ?\
 ha/ k !re=e to judge :]e any fault is  
made1 ,i d\bt n b ?\ wilt help to am5d  
x1 if love be jo9$ ) ?y k4 ,h[beit1     

:]e9soev] ,i c p]ceive by myself1 or by 
! in=mation ( o!r1 t ,i h fail$ 7z x is 
no wond]71 ,i %all n[ by ! help ( ,god  
ov]look x bett]1 & am5d x4  ,n[ w ,i    
exhort !e1 :osoev] ?\ be t reade/       
scripture1 if ?\ f9d ought !re9 t ?\    
und]/&e/ n1 or t appe>e? to be          
repugnant1 give no tem]>i\s nor ha/y    
judgm5t !re(2 b ascribe x to ?9e own    
ignorance1 n to ! scripture3 ?9k t ?\   
und]/&e/ x n1 or t x ha? "s o!r mean+1  
or t x is haply ov]se5 ( ! int]pret]s1  
or wrong pr9t$4 ,aga91 x %all greatly   
help !e to und]/& scripture1 if ?\ m>k n
 only :at is spok5 or writt51 b ( :om1 &
 unto :om1 ) :at words1 at :at "t1 :]e1 
to :at int5t1 ) :at circum/ance1        
consid]+ :at goe? be=e1 & :at foll[e?   
aft]4 ,= !re be "s ?+s :i* are done &   
writt51 to ! int5t t we %\ld d likewise2
 z :5 ,abraham believe? ,god1 is ob$i5t 
unto 8 ^w1 & def5de? ,lo? 8 k9sman f    
viol5t wrong4 ,!re be "s ?+s also :i*   
are writt51 to ! int5t t we %\ld es*ew  
su* l2 z :5 ,david lie? ) ,uria's wife1 

& cause? him to be sla94 ,!re=e1 ,i say1
 :5 ?\ reade/ scripture1 be wise &      
circumspect2 & :5 ?\ come/ to su* /range
 mann]s ( speak+ & d>k s5t5ces1 to su*  
p>ables & similitudes1 to su* dreams or 
visions1 z are hid f ?y und]/&+1 commit 
!m unto ,god1 or to ! gift ( 8 ,holy ,_s
 9 !m t are bett] le>n$ ?an ?\4  ,z = ! 
comm5dation ( ,god's holy scripture1 ,i 
w\ld fa9 magnify x1 z x is wor?y1 b ,i  
am f> unsuffici5t !reto3 & !re=e ,i     
?\ght x bett] = me to hold my tongue1   
?an ) few words to praise or comm5d x2  
exhort+ !e1 mo/ de> read]1 s to love x1 
s to cleave unto x1 & s to foll[ x 9 ?y 
daily conv]sation1 t o!r m51 see+ ?y    
good works & ! fruits ( ! ,holy ,gho/ 9 
!e1 may praise ! ,fa!r ( heav51 & give 8
 ^w a good report3 = to live aft] ! law 
( ,god1 & to lead a virtu\s conv]sation1
 is ! greate/ praise t ?\ can/ give unto
 8 doctr9e4  ,b z t\*+ ! evil report &  
dispraise t ! good ^w ( ,god ha? by !   
corrupt & evil conv]sation ( "s t daily 
he> x & pr(ess x outw>dly ) _! m\?s1 ,i 

exhort !e1 mo/ de> read]1 let n t (f5d  
!e1 nor )draw ?y m9d f ! love ( ! tru?1 
nei!r move !e to be p>tak] 9 l          
un?ankfulness2 b see+ ! light is come   
into ! _w1 love no m ! works ( d>kness1 
receive n ! grace ( ,god 9 va94 ,call to
 ?y remembrance1 h[ lov+ & m]ciful ,god 
is unto !e1 h[ k9dly & fa!rly he helpe? 
!e 9 all tr\ble1 tea*e? ?9e ignorance1  
heale? !e 9 all ?y sickness1 =give? !e  
all ?y s9s1 fe$e? !e1 give? !e dr9k1    
helpe? !e out ( prison1 n\ri%e? !e 9    
/range c\ntries1 c>e? = !e1 & see? t ?\ 
want no?+4 ,call ?is to m9d1 ,i say1 & t
 e>ne/ly1 & consid] h[ ?\ ha/ receiv$ ( 
,god all ^! b5efits1 yea1 & _m m ?an ?\ 
can/ desire2 h[ ?\ art b\nd likewise to 
%ew ?yself unto ?y neighb\r1 z f> z ?\  
can/1 to tea* him1 if he be ignorant1 to
 help him 9 all 8 tr\ble1 to heal 8     
sickness1 to =give him 8 (f5ces1 & t    
he>tily1 to fe$ him1 to *]i% him1 to c>e
 = him1 & to see t he want no?+4 ,& on  
?is behalf ,i beseek !e1 ?\ t ha/ !     
ri*es ( ?is _w1 & love/ ,god ) ?y he>t1 

to lift up ?9e eyes1 & see h[ great a   
multitude ( poor p run ?r\gh e t[n2 h   
pity on ?9e own fle%1 help !m ) a good  
he>t1 & d ) ?y c\nsel all t ev] ?\ can/1
 t ?is un%amefac$ begg+ may be put d[n1 
t ^! idle folks may be set to lab\r1 & t
 su* z are n able to get _! liv+ may be 
provid$ =4 ,at ! lea/1 ?\ t art ( c\nsel
 ) su* z are 9 au?ority1 give !m "s     
occasion to ca/ _! heads toge!r1 & to   
make provision = ! poor4 ,put !m 9      
remembrance ( ^? noble cities 9 o!r     
c\ntries1 t by ! au?ority ( _! pr9ces h 
s ri*ly & well provid$ = _! poor p1 to !
 great %ame & di%one/y ( u1 if we       
likewise1 receiv+ ! ^w ( ,god1 %ew n su*
 l fruits !re(4 ,w\ld ,god t ^? m51 ^:  
(fice is to ma9ta9 ! commonweal?1 7 z   
dilig5t 9 ?is cause1 z !y are 9 o!r6    
,let u bew>e bytimes1 = aft]            
un?ankfulness !re foll[e? ev] a plague4 
,! m]ciful h& ( ,god be ) u1 & def5d u1 
t we be n p>tak]s !re(6  ,g to n[1 mo/  
de> read]1 & sit !e d[n at ! ,"l's feet1
 & read 8 words1 &1 z ,moses tea*e? !   

,jews1 take !m into ?9e he>t1 & let ?y  
talk+ & communication be ( !m1 :5 ?\    
sitte/ 9 ?9e h\se1 or goe/ by ! way1 :5 
?\ lie/ d[n1 & :5 ?\ rise/ up4 ,&1 above
 all ?+s1 fa%ion ?y life & conv]sation  
accord+ to ! doctr9e ( ! ,holy ,gho/    
!re91 t ?\ maye/ be p>tak] ( ! good     
promises ( ,god 9 ! ,bible1 & be heir ( 
8 bless+ 9 ,*ri/3 9 :om if ?\ put ?y    
tru/1 & be an unfeign$ read] or he>] ( 8
 ^w ) ?y he>t1 ?\ %alt f9d sweetness    
!re91 & spy wondr\s ?+s1 to ?y und]/&+1 
to ! avoid+ ( all s$iti\s sects1 to !   
abhorr+ ( ?y old s9ful life1 & to !     
/abli%+ ( ?y godly conv]sation4  ,9 !   
fir/ book ( ,moses1 call$ ,g5esis1 ?\   
maye/ le>n to "k ! almighty p[] ( ,god 9
 creat+ all ( n\ght1 8 inf9ite wisdom 9 
ord]+ ! same1 8 righte\sness 9 puni%+ ! 
ungodly1 8 love & fa!rly m]cy 9 com=t+ !
 righte\s ) 8 promise1 c4  ,9 ! second  
book1 call$ ,exodus1 we see ! mighty arm
 ( ,god 9 deliv]+ 8 p f s great bondage 
out ( ,egypt1 & :at provision he make? =
 !m 9 ! wild]ness2 h[ he tea*e? !m ) 8  

:olesome ^w1 & h[ ! tab]nacle 0 made &  
set up4  ,9 ! ?ird book1 call$          
,leviticus1 is decl>$1 :at sacrifices ! 
prie/s & ,levites us$1 & :at _! (fice & 
m9i/ration 04  ,9 ! f\r? book1 call$    
,num]us1 is decl>$1 h[ ! p are numb]$ & 
mu/]$1 h[ ! capta9s are *os5 aft] !     
tribes & k9dr$s1 h[ !y w5t =? to !      
battle1 h[ !y pit*$ _! t5ts1 & h[ !y    
brake up4  ,! fif? book1 call$          
,deut]onomium1 %ewe? h[ t ,moses1 n[ be+
 old1 rehe>se? ! law ( ,god unto ! p1   
putte? !m 9 remembrance aga9 ( all !    
wond]s & b5efices t ,god _h %ew$ = !m1 &
 exhorte? !m e>ne/ly to love ! ,"l _!   
,god1 to cleave unto him1 to put _! tru/
 9 him1 & to he>k5 unto 8 voice4  ,aft] 
! dea? ( ,moses do? ,josua br+ ! p into 
! l& ( promise1 :]e ,god do? wond]\s ?+s
 = 8 p by ,josua1 :i* di/ribute? ! l&   
unto !m1 unto e tribe _! possession4 ,b 
9 _! weal? !y =gat ! goodness ( ,god1 s 
t (ttimes he gave !m ov] into ! h& ( _! 
enemies4 ,nev]!less1 :5soev] !y call$   
fai?fully ^u him1 & conv]t$1 he deliv]$ 

!m aga91 z ! book ( ,judges decl>e?4  ,9
 ! books ( ! ,k+s is describ$ ! regim5t 
( good & evil pr9ces1 & h[ ! decay ( all
 nations come? by evil k+s4 ,= 9        
,j]oboam ?\ see/ :at mis*ief1 :at       
idolatry1 & su* l abom9ation foll[e?1 :5
 ! k+ is a ma9ta9] ( false doctr9e1 &   
cause? ! p to s9 aga9/ ,god2 :i* fall+  
away f ,god's ^w increas$ s sore among  
!m1 t x 0 ! cause ( all _! sorr[ &      
mis]y1 & ! v occasion :y ,israel fir/1 &
 !n ,juda1 7 c>ri$ away into captivity4 
,aga91 9 ,josaphat1 9 ,eze*ias1 & 9     
,josias1 ?\ see/ ! nature ( a virtu\s   
k+4 ,he putte? d[n ! h\ses ( idolatry1  
see? t 8 prie/s tea* no?+ b ! law (     
,god1 comm&e? 8 lords to g ) !m1 & to   
see t !y tea* ! p4 ,9 ^! k+s1 ,i say1 ?\
 see/ ! condition ( a true def5d] ( !   
fai?2 = he sp>e? nei!r co/ nor lab\r to 
ma9ta9 ! ,laws ( ,god1 to seek ! weal? &
 prosp]ity ( 8 p1 & to root out ! wick$4
 ,& :]e su* a pr9ce is1 ?\ see/ aga91 h[
 ,god def5de? him & 8 p1 ?\gh he h nev] 
s _m enemies4 ,?us w5t x ) !m 9 ! old   

"t1 & ev5 aft] ! same mann] goe? x n[ ) 
u4 ,god be prais$ !re=e1 & grant u ( 8  
fa!rly m]cy t we be n un?ankful2 le/ :]e
 he n[ give? u a ,josaphat1 an ,eze*ias1
 yea1 a v ,josias1 he s5d u a ,ph>ao1 a 
,j]oboam1 or an ,a*ab6  ,9 ! two fir/   
books ( ,esdras1 & 9 ,he/]1 ?\ see/ !   
deliv]ance ( ! p1 :i* ?\gh !y 7 b few1  
yet is x unto u all a special com=t2    
=somu* z ,god is n =getful ( 8 promise1 
b br+e? !m out ( captivity1 accord+ z he
 _h told !m be=e4  ,9 ! book ( ,job we  
le>n com=t & pati5ce1 9 t ,god n only   
puni%e? ! wick$1 b prove? & trie? ! j & 
righte\s 7h[beit !re is no man innoc5t 9
 8 sight17 by div]s tr\bles 9 ?is life2 
decl>+ !reby1 t !y are n 8 ba/>ds1 b 8  
de> sons1 & t he love? !m4  ,9 ! ,psalms
 we le>n h[ to resort only unto ,god 9  
all our tr\bles1 to seek help at him1 to
 call only ^u him1 to settle our m9ds by
 pati5ce1 & h[ we ought 9 prosp]ity to  
be ?ankful unto him4  ,! ,prov]bs & !   
,prea*] ( ,solomon tea* u wisdom1 to "k 
,god1 our own selves1 & ! _w1 & h[ va9  

all ?+s are1 save only to cleave unto   
,god4  ,z = ! doctr9e ( ! ,prophets1 :at
 is x else1 b an e>ne/ exhortation to   
es*ew s91 & to turn unto ,god2 a fai?ful
 promise ( ! m]cy & p>don ( ,god unto   
all !m t turn unto him1 & a ?reat5+ ( 8 
wra? to ! ungodly8 sav+ t "h & !re !y   
prophesy also manife/ly ( ,*ri/1 ( !    
expulsion ( ! ,jews1 & call+ ( ! hea!n4 
,?us mu* ?\ght ,i to speak ( ! old      
,te/am5t1 :]e9 ,almighty ,god op5e? unto
 u 8 mighty p[]1 8 wisdom1 8 lov+ m]cy &
 righte\sness3 = ! :i* cause x ought (  
no man to be abhorr$1 despis$1 or       
lightly reg>d$1 z ?\gh x 7 an old       
scripture t no?+ belong$ unto u1 or t n[
 7 to be refus$4 ,= x is ,god's true    
scripture & te/imony1 :i* ! ,"l ,jesus  
comm&e? ! ,jews to se>*4 ,:osoev]       
believe? n ! scripture1 believe? n      
,*ri/2 & :oso refuse? x1 refuse? ,god   
also4  ,! new ,te/am5t1 or ,gospel1 is a
 manife/ & cle> te/imony ( ,*ri/1 h[    
,god p]=me? 8 oa? & promise made 9 ! old
 ,te/am5t1 h[ ! new is decl>$ & includ$ 

9 ! old1 & ! old fulfill$ & v]ifi$ 9 !  
new4  ,n[ :]eas ! mo/ fam\s int]pret]s (
 all give sundry judgm5ts ( ! text2 s f>
 z x is done by ! _s ( k 9 ! ,holy      
,gho/1 me?9k no man %\ld be (f5d$ !reat1
 = !y ref] _! do+s 9 meekness to ! _s ( 
tru? 9 ! congregation ( ,god3 & sure ,i 
am1 t !re come? m k & und]/&+ ( !       
scripture by _! sundry translations1 ?an
 by all ! glosses ( our sophi/ical      
doctors4 ,= t "o int]prete? some?+      
obscurely 9 "o place1 ! same translate? 
ano!r1 or else he himself1 m manife/ly  
by a m pla9 vocable ( ! same mean+ 9    
ano!r place4 ,be n ?\ (f5d$1 !re=e1 good
 read]1 ?\gh "o call a scribe t ano!r   
calle? a lawy]2 or eld]s1 t ano!r calle?
 fa!r & "m2 or rep5tance1 t ano!r calle?
 p5ance or am5dm5t4 ,= if ?\ be n       
deceiv$ by m5's traditions1 ?\ %alt f9d 
no m div]sity betwe5 ^! t]ms1 ?an betwe5
 f\rp5ce & a groat4 ,& ?is mann] h ,i   
us$ 9 my translation1 call+ x 9 "s place
 p5ance1 t 9 ano!r place ,i call        
rep5tance2 & t n only because !         

int]pret]s h done s be=e me1 b t !      
adv]s>ies ( ! tru? may see1 h[ t we     
abhor n ?is ^w p5ance1 z !y untruly     
report ( u1 no m ?an ! int]pret]s (     
,lat9 abhor pnit]e1 :5 !y read          
resipisc]e4 ,only our he>t's desire unto
 ,god is1 t 8 p be n bl9d$ 9 _! und]/&+1
 le/ !y believe p5ance to be ought save 
a v rep5tance1 am5dm5t1 or conv]sion    
unto ,god1 & to be an unfeign$ new      
creature 9 ,*ri/1 & to live accord+ to 8
 law4 ,= else %all !y fall into ! old   
blasphemy ( ,*ri/'s blood1 & believe t  
!y !mselves are able to make            
satisfaction unto ,god = _! own s9s3 f !
 :i* error ,god ( 8 m]cy & pl5te\s      
goodness pres]ve all 86  ,n[ to         
conclude3 =somu* z all ! scripture is   
writt5 = ?y doctr9e & ensample1 x %all  
be necess>y = !e to take hold ^u x :ile 
x is (f]$ !e1 yea1 & ) t5 h&s ?ankfully 
to receive x4 ,& ?\gh x be n wor?ily    
m9i/]$ unto !e 9 ?is translation1 by    
reason ( my rud5ess2 yet if ?\ be f]v5t 
9 ?y pray]1 ,god %all n only s5d x !e 9 

a bett] %ape by ! m9i/ration ( o!r t    
began x a=e1 b %all also move ! he>ts ( 
!m :i* z yet m$dl$ n )al1 to take x 9   
h&1 & to be/[ ! gift ( _! und]/&+ !reon1
 z well 9 our language1 z o!r fam\s     
int]pret]s d 9 o!r languages4 ,& ,i pray
 ,god1 t ?r\gh my poor m9i/ration h]e9  
,i may give !m t c d bett] "s occasion s
 to d2 exhort+ !e1 mo/ de> read]1 9 !   
mean :ile on ,god's behalf1 if ?\ be a  
head1 a judge1 or rul] ( ! p1 t ?\ let n
 ! book ( ?is law dep>t out ( ?y m\?1 b 
ex]cise ?yself !re9 bo? day & night1 &  
be ev] read+ 9 x z long z ?\ live/3 t ?\
 maye/ le>n to fe> ! ,"l ?y ,god1 & n to
 turn aside f ! comm&m5t1 nei!r to ! "r 
h& nor to ! left2 le/ ?\ be a kn[] (    
p]sons 9 judgm5t1 & wre/ ! "r ( !       
/rang]1 ( ! fa!rless1 or ( ! wid[1 & s !
 curse to come ^u !e4 ,b :at (fice s ev]
 ?\ ha/1 wait ^u x1 & execute x to !    
ma9t5ance ( peace1 to ! weal? ( ?y p1   
def5d+ ! laws ( ,god & ! lov]s !re(1 &  
to ! de/ruction ( ! wick$4  ,if ?\ be a 
prea*]1 & ha/ ! ov]sight ( ! flock (    

,*ri/1 awake & fe$ ,*ri/'s %eep ) a good
 he>t1 & sp>e no lab\r to d !m good3    
seek n ?yself1 & bew>e ( fil?y lucre2 b 
be unto ! flock an ensample 9 ! ^w1 9   
conv]sation1 9 love1 9 f]v5tness ( ! _s1
 & be ev] read+1 exhort+1 & tea*+ 9     
,god's ^w1 t ! p ( ,god run n unto o!r  
doctr9es1 & le/ ?\ ?yself1 :5 ?\ %\lde/ 
tea* o!r1 be f\nd ignorant !re94 ,& r   
?an ?\ w\lde/ tea* ! p any o!r ?+ ?an   
,god's ^w1 take ! book 9 ?9e h&1 & read 
! words1 ev5 z !y /& !re92 = x is no    
%ame s to d1 x is m %ame to make a lie4 
,?is ,i say = su* z are n yet exp]t 9 ! 
scripture2 = ,i reprove no prea*+ )\t ! 
book1 z long z !y say ! tru?4  ,if ?\ be
 a man t ha/ wife & *ildr51 fir/ love ?y
 wife1 accord+ to ! ensample ( ! love   
:]e) ,*ri/ lov$ ! congregation2 &       
rememb] t s do+ ?\ love/ ev5 ?yself3 if 
?\ hate h]1 ?\ hate/ ?9e own fle%2 if ?\
 *]i% h] & make mu* ( h]1 ?\ *]i%e/ &   
make/ mu* ( ?yself2 = %e is bone ( ?y   
bones1 & fle% ( ?y fle%4 ,& :osoev] ?\  
be t ha/ *ildr51 br+ !m up 9 ! nurture &

 in=mation ( ! ,"l4 ,& if ?\ be         
ignorant1 or art o!rwise occupi$        
lawfully1 t ?\ can/ n tea* !m ?yself1 !n
 be ev5 z dilig5t to seek a good ma/] = 
?y *ildr51 z ?\ wa/ to seek a "m to be> 
!m2 = !re lie? z great weight 9 ! "o1 z 
9 ! o!r4 ,yea1 bett] x 7 = !m to be     
unborn1 ?an n to fe> ,god1 or to be evil
 br\ght up3 :i* ?+ 7,i mean br++ up well
 ( *ildr57 if x be dilig5tly look$ to1 x
 is ! uphold+ ( all commonweal?s2 & !   
neglig5ce ( ! same1 ! v decay ( all     
realms4  ,f9ally1 :osoev] ?\ be1 take ^!
 words ( scripture into ?y he>t1 & be n 
only an outw>d he>]1 b a do] !reaft]1 & 
practise ?yself !re92 t ?\ maye/ feel 9 
?9e he>t ! sweet promises !re( = ?y     
consolation 9 all tr\ble1 & = ! sure    
/abli%+ ( ?y hope 9 ,*ri/2 & h ev] an   
eye to ! words ( scripture1 t if ?\ be a
 tea*] ( o!r1 ?\ maye/ be )9 ! b\nds ( !
 tru?2 or at ! lea/1 ?\gh ?\ be b an    
he>] or read] ( ano!r man's do+s1 ?\    
maye/ yet h k to judge all spirits1 & be
 free f e error1 to ! utt] de/ruction ( 

all s$iti\s sects & /range doctr9es2 t !
 holy scripture may h free passage1 & be
 _h 9 reputation1 to ! wor%ip ( ! au?or 
!re(1 :i* is ev5 ,god himself2 to :om = 
8 mo/ bless$ ^w be glory & dom9ion n[ & 
ev]6 ,am54     7,d47  ,,preface ,,to ,,!
 ,,g5evan ,,bible1 #aefj4     ,to our   
,belov$ 9 ! ,"l1   ,! ,bre?r5 ( ,engl&1 
,scotl&1 ,irel&1 c4 ,grace1 m]cie1 &    
peace1   ?r\gh ,*ri/ ,jesus4#ada        
,besides ! manifold & cont9uall b5efits 
:i* ,almightie ,god be/[$ ^u u1 bo?     
corporall & spirituall1 we are          
especially b\nd 7de>e bre?r57 to giue   
him ?ankes )\t ceas+ = 8 great grace &  
vnspeakable m]cies1 9 t x ha? pleas$ him
 to call vs vnto ?is m>ueil\s light ( 8 
,gospell1 & m]cifully to reg>de vs aft] 
s horrible backeslid+ & fall+ away f    
,*ri/ to ,anti*ri/1 f light to d>knesse1
 f ! liu+ ,god to dumme & dead idoles1 &
 t aft] s cruell mur!r ( ,god's sa9ts1 z
 alas1 ha? b5e among vs1 wee are n      
altoge!r ca/ (f1 z 7 ! ,israelites1 & _m
 o!rs = ! l or n s manife/ wick$nesse1 b

 receiu$ aga9e to grace ) mo/ evid5t    
signes & tok5s ( ,god's especiall l\e & 
fau\r4 ,to ! int5t !re=e t wee may n be 
vnm9dfull ( ^! great m]cies1 b seeke by 
all meanes 7accord+ to our duetie7 to   
bee ?ankefull = ! same1 x beh\e? vs s to
 walke 9 8 fe>e & l\e1 t all ! dayes (  
our life we may procure ! glorie ( 8    
holy "n4  ,n[e =asmu* z ?is ?+ *iefely  
is atte9$ by ! k & practis+ ( ! worde ( 
,god 7:i* is ! light to our pa?s1 ! keye
 ( ! k+dome ( heau51 our com=t 9        
affliction1 our %ielde & sworde aga9/   
,satan1 ! s*oole ( all wisdome1 ! glasse
 :]e9 we beholde ,gods face1 ! te/imonie
 ( 8 fau\r1 & ! onely foode & n\ri%m5t (
 our s\les71 wee ?\ght t wee c\lde be/[e
 our lab\rs & /udie 9 no?+ :i* c\lde be 
m acceptable to ,god & com=table to 8   
,*ur* !n 9 ! translat+ ( ! holy         
,scriptures into our natiue tongue3 !   
:i* ?+ albeit t diu]s h]et(ore haue     
endeu\r$ to at*ieue2 yet consid]+ !     
infancie ( ^? times & imp]fect k ( !    
tongues 9 respect ( ?is ripe age & cle]e

 light :i* ,god ha? n[ reueil$1 ye      
translations requir$ greatly to be p]us$
 & re=m$4 ,n t we v5dicate any?+ to our 
selues ab\e ! lea/ ( our bre?r5 7= ,god 
kn[e? ) :at fe>e & trembl+ we haue b5e =
 ! space ( two ye]es & m day & night    
occupi$ h]e971 b be+ e>ne/ly desir$ & by
 diu]s1 ^: le>n+ & godl9esse we reu]5ce1
 exhort$ & also enc\rag$ by ! ready     
willes ( su*1 ^: he>ts ,god likewise    
t\*$1 n to sp>e any *>ges = ! fur!rance 
( su* a b5efite & fau\r ( ,god t[>de 8  
,*ur* 7?\gh ! "t !n 0 mo/ dang]\s1 & !  
p]secution %>pe & furi\s71 we submitt$  
our selues at l5g? to _! godly          
judgem5ts1 & see+ ! great opportunitie &
 occasions1 :i* ,god pres5t$ unto vs 9 8
 ,*ur*1 by reason ( s _m godlie & le>n$ 
m53 & su* diu]sities ( translations 9   
diu]s tongues1 we vnd]tooke ?is great & 
wond]full worke 7) all reu]5ce1 z 9 !   
pres5ce ( ,god1 z intreat+ ! ^w ( ,god1 
:]eunto we ?9ke our selues vnsuffici5t7 
:i* n[ ,god accept+ accord+ to 8 diu9e  
pr\id5ce & m]cie ha? direct$ to a mo/   

prosp]\s ende4 ,& ?is we may ) good     
consci5ce prote/ t we haue 9 eu]y po9t &
 worde1 accord+ to ! measure ( t k :i* x
 pleas$ ,almightie ,god to giue vs1     
fai?fully r5dr$ ! text1 & 9 all h>d     
places mo/ s9c]ely exp\nd$ ! same4 ,=   
,god is our witnesse t we haue by all   
meanes indeu\r$ to set foor? ! puritie (
 ! ^w & ! "r s5se ( ! holy ,gho/ = !    
edify+ ( ! bre?r5 9 fai? & *>itie4  ,n[e
 z we h *iefely obs]u$ ! s5ce1 & lab\r$ 
allwayes to re/ore x to all integritie1 
s haue we mo/ reu]5tly kept ! proprietie
 ( ! wordes1 consid]+ t ! ,apo/les :o   
spake & wrote to ! ,g5tiles 9 ! ,greeke 
tongue1 r con/ra9$ !m to ! liuely phrase
 ( ! ,ebrew1 !n ent]pris$ f>re by       
mollify+ _! language to speake z !      
,g5tiles did4 ,& = ?is & o!r causes wee 
haue 9 _m places res]u$ ! ,ebrew        
phrases1 not)/&+ t !y may seeme some:at 
h>d 9 _! e>es t are n well practis$ &   
also delite 9 ! sweet s\nd+ phrases ( ! 
holy ,scriptures4 ,yet lea/ ey!r !      
simple %\ld be disc\rag$1 or ! malici\s 

haue any occasion ( j cauilation1 see+  
"s translations reade aft] "o sort1 & "s
 aft] ano!r1 :]eas all may s]ue to good 
purpose & edification1 we haue 9 ! m>g5t
 not$ t diu]sitie ( spee* or read+ :i*  
may also seeme agreeable to ! m9de ( !  
holy ,gho/1 & prop] = our language ) ?is
 m>ke4   ,aga9e1 :]eas ! ,ebrewe spea*e 
seem$ h>dly to agree ) ours we haue not$
 x 9 ! m>g5t aft] ?is sort 1 vs+ t :i* 0
 m intelligible4 ,& albeit t _m ( !     
,ebrewe names be alt]$ f ! olde text1 & 
re/or$ to ! true writ+ & fir/ orig9all1 
:]e( !y haue _! signification1 yet 9 !  
vsuall names litle is *ang$ = fe>e (    
tr\bl+ ! simple read]s4 ,moreov]1 :]eas 
! necessitie ( ! s5t5ce requir$ any ?+  
to be add$ 7= su* is ! grace &          
proprietie ( ! ,ebrew & ,greeke tongues 
t x _c1 b ei!r by circumlocution1 or by 
add+ ! v]be or "s ^w1 be und]/ood ( !m t
 are n well practis$ !re97 wee haue put 
9 ! text ) an o!r k9de ( lett] t x may  
easily be disc]n$ f ! common lett]4#adb 
,z t\*+ ! diuision ( ! v]ses wee haue   

foll[$ ! ,ebrewe examples1 :i* haue s   
eu5 f ! beg9n+ di/+ui%$ !m4 ,:i* ?+ z x 
is mo/ pr(itable = memorie1 s doe? x    
agree ) ! be/ translations1 & is mo/    
easie to f9de out bo? by ! be/          
,concordances1 & also by ! quotations   
:i* we haue dilig5tly h]e9 p]us$ & set  
foor? by ?is 994 ,besides ?is !         
pr9cipall matt]s are not$ by ?is m>ke 4 
,yea1 & ! argum5ts bo? = ! booke & = !  
*apt]s ) ! numb] ( ! v]se are add$1 t by
 all meanes ! read] might be holp54 ,= !
 :i* cause also we haue set ou] ! head (
 e page "s notable worde or s5t5ce :i*  
may greatly fur!r z well = memorie z = !
 *iefe po9t ( ! page4  ,& consid]+ h[e  
h>d a ?+ x is to vnd]/& ! holy          
,scriptures1 & :at errors1 sectes1 &    
h]esies gr[e dayly = lacke ( ! true k   
!re(1 & h[e _m are disc\rag$ 7z !y      
pret5d7 because !y _c atte9e to ! true &
 simple mean+ ( ! same1 we haue also    
indeu\r$ bo? by ! dilig5t read+ ( ! be/ 
comm5t>ies1 & also by ! conf]5ce ) !    
godly & le>n$ bre?r51 to ga!r briefe    

annotations ^u all ! h>d places1 z well 
= ! vnd]/&+ ( su* wordes z are obscure1 
& = ! decl>ation ( ! text1 z = !        
application ( ! same1 z may mo/ app]ta9e
 to ,god's glory & ! edification ( 8    
,*ur*4  ,fur!rmore1 :]eas c]ta9e places 
9 ! bookes ( ,moses1 ( ! ,k+s1 &        
,ezekiel1 seem$ s d>ke t by no          
description !y c\ld be made easie to !  
simple read]1 wee h s set !m foor? )    
figures & notes = ! full decl>ation     
!re(1 t !y :i* _c by judgem5t1 be+ holp5
 by ! lett]s a1 b1 c1 c41 atte9e        
!reunto1 yet by ! p]spective &1 z x 71  
by ! eye1 may suffici5tly kn[e ! true   
mean+ ( all su* places4 ,:]eunto also   
wee haue add$ c]ta9e maps (             
,cosmographie :i* necess>ily s]ue = !   
p]fect vnd]/&+ & memorie ( diu]s places 
& c\ntries1 p>tly describ$ & p>tly by   
occasion t\*$ bo? 9 ! olde & newe       
,te/am5t4  ,f9ally1 t no?+ might lacke  
:i* might be b\ght by lab\rs1 = !       
increase ( k & fur!rance ( ,god's       
glorie1 we h adioyn$ two mo/ pr(itable  

,tables1 ! "o s]u+ = ! int]pretation ( !
 ,ebrew names1 & ! o!r conte9+ all !    
*iefe & pr9cipall matt]s ( ! :ole       
,bible1 s t no?+ 7z wee tru/7 t any c\ld
 iu/lie desire is omitt$4 ,!re=e z      
bre?r5 t are p>tak]s ( ! same hope &    
saluation ) u1 wee besee*e y t ?is ri*  
pe>le & ine/imable treasure may n be    
(fr$ 9 va9e1 b z s5t f ,god to ! p (    
,god1 = ! increase ( 8 k+dome1 ! com=t (
 8 ,*ur*1 & dis*>ge ( our consci5ce1 :om
 x ha? pleas$ him to raise vp = ?is     
purpose1 s y w\lde will+ly receive !    
worde ( ,god1 e>ne/ly /udie x1 & 9 all  
y\r life practise x1 t y may n[e appe>e 
9 de$e to bee ! p ( ,god1 n walk+ any m 
accord+ to ?is worlde1 b 9 ! fruits ( ! 
,_s1 t ,god 9 vs may bee fully glorifi$ 
?r\gh ,*ri/ ,jesus our ,lorde :o liue? &
 reigne? = eu]4 ,am54 ,f ,g5eva1 #aj?   
,april1 #aefj4     7,e47  ,,! ,,preface 
,,to ,,! ,,bi%ops' ,,bible1 #aefh4      
,a ,preface into ! ,byble   fol[yng4  ,(
 all ! s5t5ces pron\nc$ by our ,saui\r  
,*ri/e 9 8 :ole doctr9e1 none is m s]i\s

 or m wor?y to be borne 9 remembraunce1 
?an t :i* he spake op5ly 9 8 ,gospell1  
say+3 ,sid5ote3 ,john v4 ,scrutam9i     
scripturas1 quia vos putatis 9 ipsis    
vitam et]nam hab]e1 et ill sunt qu      
te/imonium p]hib5t de me4 ,se>* ye !    
scriptures1 = 9 !m ye ?9k to h et]nall  
lyfe1 & ^? !y be :i* be>e witnes ( me4  
,^! wordes 7 fir/ spok5 vnto ! ,jewes by
 our ,saui\r1 b by hym 9 8 doctr9e m5t  
to all3 = !y conc]ne all1 ( :at nation1 
( :at tongue1 ( :at pr(ession soeu] any 
man be4 ,= to all belonge? x to be call$
 vnto et]nal life1 s _m z by ! witnes ( 
! scriptures desire to f9d et]nall life4
 ,no man1 woman1 or *ylde1 is exclud$ f 
?is saluation1 & !re=e to eu]y ( !m is  
?is spoke proportionally yet1 & 9 _!    
degrees & ages1 & z ! reason &          
congruitie ( _! vocation may aske4 ,= n 
s lye? x 9 *>ge to ! worldly artific] to
 se>*e1 or to any o!r priuate man s     
exquisitely to /udie1 z x lye? to ! *>ge
 ( ! publike tea*] to se>*e 9 !         
scriptures1 to be ! m able to walke 9 ! 

h\se ( ,god ,sid5ote3 #a ,tim4 iii4 7:i*
 is ! *ur* ( ! lyuyng ,god1 ! pyll] &   
gr\nd ( tru?7 to ! e/abli%+ ( ! true    
doctr9e ( ! same1 & to ! impugnyng ( !  
false4 ,& ?\gh :atsoev] diff]5ce !re may
 be betwixt ! prea*] 9 (fice1 & !       
auditor 9 8 vocation1 yet to bo? x is   
said1 ,se>* ye ! scriptures1 :]eby ye   
may fynde et]nall lyfe1 & ga!r witnesses
 ( t saluation :i* is 9 ,*ri/e ,jesus   
our ,lorde4 ,sid5ote3 ,deut4 xvii4 ,=   
al?\gh ! prophete ( ,god ,moyses1 bydde?
 ! kyng :5 he is once set 9 ! ?rone ( 8 
k+dome1 to describe be=e 8 eyes ! volume
 ( ,god's lawe1 accord+ to ! example    
:i*e he %\lde receaue ( ! prie/es ( !   
liuiticall tribe1 to haue x ) him1 & to 
reade x 9 all ! dayes ( 8 life1 to      
!nde#adc t he might le>ne to fe>e !     
,lorde 8 ,god1 & to obs]ve 8 lawes1 t 8 
he>t be n aduanc$ 9 pryde ou] 8 bre?r51 
n to sw>ue ey!r on ! ryght h&e or on !  
left3 yet ! reason ( ?is precept = t x  
conc]ne? all m51 may reasonably be ?\ght
 to be comm&$ to all m51 & all m5 may   

take x to be spok5 to !m selfe 9 _!     
degree4 ,sid5ote3 ,iosue i4 ,?\gh       
almightie ,god him selfe spake to 8     
captayne ,iosue 9 precise wordes1 ,non  
rec$at volum5 legis huius ab ore tuo s$ 
m$itab]is 9 eo diebus ac noctibus1 c4   
,let n ! volume ( ?is booke dep>t f ?y  
m\?1 b muse !re9 bo? dayes & nyghtes1 t 
?\ maye/ kepe & p]f\rme all ?+es :i* be 
writt5 9 x1 t ?\ maye/ direct well ?y   
way & vnd]/&e ! same3 yet z well spake  
almightie ,god ?is precept to all 8 p 9 
! directions ( _! wayes to himw>de1 z he
 m5t x to ,iosue3 ,sid5ote3 ,pet] v4    
,ephe4 vi4 ,= t he ha? c>e ( all1 he    
accepte? no man's p]son1 8 wyll is t all
 m5 %\ld he sau$1 ,sid5ote3 #a ,tim4 ii4
 ,ioh xiiii4 8 wyll is t all m5 %\ld    
come to ! way ( true?4 ,h[e c\lde ?is be
 m conu5i5tly decl>$ by ,god to man1 !n 
:5 ,*ri/e 8 welbel\$ sonne our mo/ l\+  
saui\r1 ! way1 ! true?1 & ! lyfe ( vs   
all1 dyd byd vs op5ly ,se>* !           
scriptures1 assur+ vs h]e9 to f9de      
et]nall life1 to f9de full te/ification 

( all 8 graces & b5efites t[>des vs 9 ! 
treasure !re(4 ,!re=e x is mo/ conu5i5t 
t we %\lde all suppose t ,*ri/e spake to
 vs all 9 ?is 8 precept ( se>*+ !       
scriptures4 ,if ?is cele/iall doct\r 7s 
auc?oris$ by ! fa!r ( heau51 & commaund$
 ,sid5ote3 ,matt4 xvii4 z 8 only sonne1 
to be he>de ( vs all7 bidde? vs busily  
to ,se>* ! scriptures3 ( :at spirite c x
 proce$e to =bid ! read+ & /udy+ ( !    
scriptures8 ,if ! grosse ,iewes vs$ to  
reade !m1 z "s m5 ?9ke t our saui\r     
,*ri/ dyd %ew by su* kynd ( speak+1 _!  
vsage1 ) _! op9ion !y _h !r9 to f9de    
et]nall lyfe1 & 7 n ( ,*ri/e rebuk$1 or 
dispr\$1 ei!r = _! se>*+1 or = ! op9ion 
!y _h1 h[e sup]/iti\sly or sup]ficially 
soeu] "s ( !m vs$ to exp5de !           
scriptures2 ,h[ mu*e m vnaduis$ly d su*e
 z bo/ !m selfe to be ei!r ,*ri/e's     
vic>s1 or be ( 8 g>de1 to lo! *ri/5 m5 f
 read+1 by _! c\]t slaund]\s repro*es ( 
! scriptures1 or 9 _! auc?oritie by lawe
 or /atute to contract ?is lib]tie (    
/udiyng ! worde ( et]nall saluation4    

,*ri/e calle? !m n onlye to ! s+le      
readyng ( scriptures 7sai? ,*riso/ome7 b
 s5de? !m to ! exquisite se>*+ ( !m1 = 9
 !m is et]nall lyfe to be f\nde1 & !y be
 7sai? hym selfe7 ! witnesse ( me3 = !y 
decl>e out 8 (fice1 !y comm5de 8        
b5euol5ce t[>des vs1 !y recorde 8 :ole  
workes wr\ght = vs to our saluation4    
,ante*ri/e !re=e he mu/ be1 t vnd]      
:atsoeu] col\r w\lde geue contr>y       
precept or c\nsayle to t :i*e ,*ri/e dyd
 geue vnto vs4 ,v litle d !y resemble   
,*ri/es l\+ spirite m\+ vs to se>*e =   
our com=t1 t wyll disc\rage vs f su*e   
se>*+1 or t w\lde wi%e ignoraunce &     
=getfulnesse ( 8 b5efite to raigne 9 vs1
 s t !y might by our ignoraunce raigne !
 m frankly 9 our consci5ces1 to ! dang] 
( our saluation4 ,:o c take ! light f u 
9 ?is mis]able vale ( bl9dnesse1 & meane
 n to haue u /umble 9 ! pa!s ( p]dition 
to ! ru9e ( our s\les3 :o wyll enuie vs 
?is bread ( lyfe prep>$ & set on ! table
 = our et]nall su/5aunce1 & meane n to  
fami%e vs1 or 9 /e$e !re( ) _! corrupt  

traditions & doctr9es ( m5 to infect vs3
 ,all ! :ole scripture1 sai? ! holy     
apo/le ,sid5ote3 ii4 ,tim4 iii4 ,sa9t   
,paul inspir$ f ,god ab\e1 is pr(itable 
to tea*e1 to repr\e1 to ref\rme1 to     
in/ruct 9 righte\snesse1 t ! man ( ,god 
may be s\nde & p]fect1 in/ruct$ to eu]y 
good worke4  ,se>*e !re=e1 good read]   
7on ,god's "n71 z ,*ri/e bydde? !e !    
holy scripture1 :]e9 ?\ maye/ f9d ?y    
saluation3 ,let n ! volume ( ?is booke  
7by ,gods owne w>rant7 dep>t f !e b     
occupie ?y selfe !re9 9 ! :ole j\rney ( 
?is ,sid5ote3 ,psal4 i4 ?y wordly       
pilgrimage1 to vnd]/& ?y way h[e to     
walke ryghtly be=e hym all ! dayes ( ?y 
lyfe4 ,rememb] t ! prophete ,david      
pron\nce? hym ! bless$ man :i*e wyll    
muse 9 ! lawe ( ,god ,sid5ote3 ,psal4   
cxix4 bo? day & night1 rememb] t he     
calle? him bless$ :i*e walke? 9 ! way ( 
! ,lorde1 :i* wyll se>*e dilig5tly 8    
te/imonies1 & wyll 9 _! :ole he>t seeke 
! same4 ,let n ! c\]t suspici\s         
ins9uations ( ! adv]s>ies driue !e f !  

se>*e ( ! holy scripture1 ei!r = !      
obscuritie :i*e !y say is 9 !m1 or = !  
inscrutable hidd5 mi/]ies !y talke to be
 compris$ 9 !m1 or = ! /raungnes &      
homlynes ( ! phrases !y w\ld *>ge ,gods 
booke )4 ,*ri/e exhorte? !e !re=e ! r = 
! difficultie ( ! same1 to se>*e !m     
dilig5tly4 ,sid5ote3 ,hebr4 v4 #a ,cor4 
xiiii4 ,sa9t ,paul wylle? !e to haue ?y 
s5ses ex]cis$ 9 !m1 & n to be a *ylde 9 
?y s5ses1 b 9 malice4 ,?\gh _m ?+es may 
be difficulte to !e to vnd]/&1 impute x 
r to ?y dull he>+ & read+1 !n to ?9ke t 
! scriptures be insup]able1 to !m :i*e )
 dilig5t se>*+ lab\r to disc]n ! evil f 
! good4 ,sid5ote3 ,ma?4 vii4 ,only se>*e
 ) an humble spirite1 aske 9 cont9uall  
pray]1 seek ) puritie ( life1 knocke )  
p]petuall p]seu]aunce1 & crye to t good 
spirite ( ,*ri/e ! ,com=t]3 & surely to 
eu]y su*e ask] x wyll be geu51 su*      
se>*]s mu/ n$es f9de1 to !m x wylbe     
op5$4 ,*ri/ hym selfe wyll op5 ! s5se ( 
! scriptures1 ,sid5ote3 ,ma?4 xi4 ,esai4
 lxi4 n to ! pr\de1 or to ! wyse ( !    

worlde1 b to ! l[ly & contrite 9 he>t2  
,sid5ote3 #a ,cor4 xii4 = he ha? ! kay (
 ,dauid1 :o op5e? & no man %utte?1 :o   
%utte? & no man op5e?4 ,sid5ote3 ,apoc4 
iii4 ,= z ?is spirite is a b5+ & lib]all
 spirite1 & wyll be easyly f\nde ( !m   
:i* wyll e>ly 9 c>efulnesse ryse to     
seeke hym1 ,sid5ote3 ,sapi i4 & z he    
promise? he w be ! com=t] f ab\e to     
tea*e vs1 & to leade vs into all ! wayes
 ( tru?1 ,sid5ote3 ,iob xiiii4 if t 9   
humilitie we b[e vnto hym1 d5iyng our   
owne naturall s5ses1 our c>nall wittes &
 reasons3 ,sid5ote3 ,sapi i4 s is he !  
spirite ( puritie & cleannes1 & w rece$e
 f him1 ^: consci5ce is subiect to      
fil?ynesse ( lyfe4 ,into su*e a s\le ?is
 heav5ly wysdome wyll n ent]1 = all     
p]u]se cogitations wyll sep>ate vs f    
,god3 ,sid5ote3 ,psal4 lxviii4 & !n h[e 
busyly soeu] we se>*e ?is holy table ( !
 scripture1 yet w x !n be a table to    
su*e to _! owne sn>e1 a trap1 a /umbl+  
/ocke1 & a recomp5se to !m selfe4 ,we   
ought !re=e to se>*e to f9de out !      

true?1 n to oppresse x1 we ought to     
seeke ,*ri/e1 n z ,h]ode did vnd] !     
pret5ce ( wor%ipp+ hym to de/roy hym1 or
 z ! ,ph>isees se>*$ ! scriptures to    
dispr\e ,*ri/e1 & to discr$ite him1 & n 
to fol[e him2 b to embrace ! saluation  
:i*e we may le>ne by !m4 ,nor yet is x  
in\gh s to ackn[l$ge ! scriptures z "s (
 ! ,iewes dyd1 ( ! holye/ ( !m1 :o vs$  
su* dilig5ce1 t !y c\ld numb] precisely1
 n only eu]y v]se1 b eu]y ^w & sillable1
 h[ (t eu]y lett] ( ! alphabete 0       
repeat$ 9 ! :ole scriptures3 ,!y _h "s (
 !m su*e reu]5ce to t booke1 t !y w\lde 
n suff] 9 a greate heape ( bookes1 any  
o!r to lay ov] !m1 !y w\lde n suff] t   
booke to fall to ! gr\nde z nye z !y    
c\lde1 !y w\lde co/ly bynde ! bookes (  
holy scriptures1 & cause !m to be       
exquisitely & ornately writt54 ,:i*e    
deuotion yet ?\gh x 0 n to be           
discomm5d$1 yet 0 x n = t int5t1 :y     
,*ri/e comm5d$ ! scriptures1 nor !y !r( 
al[$ be=e ,god3 ,= !y did n call vpon   
,god 9 a true fay?4 !y 7 n *>itable to  

_! neighb\rs1 b 9 ! middes ( all ?is    
deuotion1 !y did /eale1 !y 7 adult]]s1  
!y 7 slaund]]s & backbit]s1 eu5 mu*e l  
_m ( our ,*ri/ian m5 & wom5 n[e a dayes1
 :o glory mu*e t !y reade ! scriptures1 
t !y se>*e !m & l\e !m1 t !y frequ5te ! 
publique s]mons 9 an outw>de %ewe ( all 
hone/ie & p]fection1 yea !y c pike out (
 ! scriptures v]tu\s s5t5ses & godly    
preceptes to lay be=e o!r m54 ,& ?\gh ^!
 man] ( m5 d n mu*e erre = su*e se>*+ & 
/udy+1 yet !y see n ! scope & !         
pr9cipall /ate ( ! scriptures1 :i* is z 
,*ri/e decl>e? x1 to f9de ,*ri/e z _!   
,saui\r1 to cleaue to 8 saluation &     
m]ites1 & to be br\ght to ! l[e         
rep5taunce ( _! liues1 & to am5d !m     
selfe1 to rayse vp _! fay? to our       
,saui\r ,*ri/e1 s to ?9ke ( him z !     
scriptures d te/ifie ( hym4 ,^! be !    
pr9cipall causes :y ,*ri/e did s5de !   
,iewes to se>*e ! scriptures3 = to ?is  
ende 7 !y wrytt51 sai? ,sa9t ,iohn1 ,hae
 scripta sunt ut cr$atis1 et vt cr$5tes 
vitam habeatis et]nam4 ,^! 7 writt5 to  

?is int5t1 t ye %\lde beleue1 ,sid5ote3 
,iohn xx4 & t ?r\gh y\r beliefe ye %\lde
 haue eu]la/+ life4  ,& "h good read]1  
great cause we h to extoll ! wond]\s    
wisdome ( ,god1 & ) great ?ankes to     
prayse 8 pr\id5ce1 consid]+ h[e he ha?  
pres]u$ & r5u$ f age to age by speciall 
,sid5ote3 ,hebr4 v4 miracle1 !          
incomp>able treasure ( 8 ,*ur*e4 ,= fir/
 he did inspire ,moyses1 z ,iohn        
,*riso/ome do? te/ifie1 to wryte ! /onie
 tables1 & kept him 9 ! m\ntayne f\rtie 
dayes to giue him 8 lawe3 aft] him he   
s5t ! prophetes1 b !y suffr$ _m ?\s&e   
adu]sities1 = battayles did fol[e1 all 7
 slayne1 all 7 de/roy$1 bookes 7 br5t   
vp4 ,he !n inspir$ agayne ano!r man to  
repayre ^! miracul\s scriptures1 ,esdras
 ,i meane1 :o ( _! leau+s set !m agayne 
toge!r3 aft] t he provid$ t ! seu5tie   
int]pret]s %\ld take !m 9 h&e3 at ! la/e
 came ,*ri/e him selfe1 ! ,apo/les did  
receaue !m1 & spread !m ?r\gh\t all     
nations1 ,*ri/e wr\ght 8 miracles &     
wond]s3 & :at foll[$8 aft] ^! great     

volumes ! ,apo/les also did wryte z     
,sa9t ,paul do? say1 ,sid5ote3 #a ,cor4 
x4 ,^! be wrytt5 to ! in/ruction ( vs t 
be come into ! ende ( ! worlde3         
,sid5ote3 ,ma?4 xxii4 & ,*ri/e do? say1 
,ye !re=e erre1 because ye kn[e n !     
scriptures nor ! p[] ( ,god3 & ,paul dyd
 say1 ,sid5ote3 ,colo4 iii4 ,let ! worde
 ( ,*ri/e be pl5tifull among y3 & agayne
 sai? ,dauid1 ,sid5ote3 ,psal4 cxix4 ,oh
 h[e sweete be ?y wordes to my ?rote3 he
 saide n to my he>+1 b to my ?rote1 ab\e
 ! hony or ! hony combe to my m\?4 ,yea1
 ,moyses sai?1 ,sid5ote3 ,deut4 xvi4 ,?\
 %alt m$itate 9 !m ev]more :5 ?\ rise/1 
:5 ?\ sitte/ d[ne1 :5 ?\ goe/ to sleepe1
 cont9ue 9 !m he sai?3 & a ?\s& places  
m4 ,& yet aft] s _m te/imonies ?us      
spok51 !re be "s p]sons t d n yet s mu* 
z kn[e :at ! scriptures be3 ,:]evpon    
no?+ is 9 good /ate among/ vs1 no?+     
wor?yly is done amonge/ vs3 ,9 ?is :i*e 
p]tayne to ?is lyfe1 we make v great    
ha/e1 b ( spirituall goodes we h no     
reg>de4 ,?us f>re ,iohn ,*riso/4 ,x mu/ 

n$es signifie "s great ?+ to our        
vnd]/&+1 t almightie ,god ha? _h su* c>e
 to prescribe ^! bookes ?us vnto vs3 ,i 
say n prescribe !m only1 b to ma9ta9e !m
 & def5de !m aga9/ ! malignitie ( !     
deuill & 8 m9i/]s1 :o alway w5t ab\t to 
de/roy !m3 & yet c\ld ^! nev] be s      
de/roy$1 b t he w\lde h !m cont9ue :ole 
& p]fect to ?is day1 to our s+ul> com=t 
& in/ruction1 :]e o!r bookes ( mortall  
wise m5 haue p]i%$ 9 great numb]s4 ,x is
 record$ t ,ptolomeus ,philadelphus kyng
 ( ,egypt1 _h ga!r$ toge!r 9 "o libr>ie 
at ,alex&ria by 8 great co/e & dilig5ce1
 seu5 hundr$ ?\s& bookes1 :]( !         
pr9cipall 7 ! bookes ( ,moyses1 :i*     
res]u$ n mu* m1 !n by ! space ( two     
hundr$ y]es1 7 all br5t & consum$1 9 t  
battayle :5 ,cs> re/or$ ,cleopatra      
agayne aft] h] expulsion4 ,at           
,con/ant9ople p]i%$ "u ,z5on by "o      
common fire1 a hundr$ & tw5tie ?\s&e    
bookes4 ,sid5ote3 ,iohannes ,s>isb]i4 ,9
 ,policratico1 lib4 #h1 cap4 #ai4 ,w4 de
 regibus4 ,at ,rome :5 ,lucius ,aurel   

,antonius dyd raigne1 8 notable libr>ie 
by a lightn+ f heau5 0 q consum$3 ,yea x
 is record$ t ,gregorie ! fir/1 dyd     
cause a libr>ie at ,rome contayn+ only  
c]ta9e ,paynim's workes to be burn$1 to 
?9t5t ! scriptures ( ,god %\ld be m read
 & /udi$4 ,:at o!r great libr>ies haue  
!re b5 csum$ b ( late daies8 ,& :at     
libr>ies haue ( olde ?r\gh\t ?is realme 
almo/ 9 eu]y abbey ( ! same1 b5 de/roy$ 
at sundry ages1 besides ! losse ( o!r   
m5's private /udies1 x 7 to long to     
rehe>se4 ,:]evpon seyng almightie ,god  
by 8 diu9e pr\id5ce1 ha? pres]u$ ^!     
bookes ( ! scriptures safe & s\nde1 & t 
9 _! natiue languages !y 7 fir/ writt51 
9 ! great ignoraunce t raign$ 9 ^!      
tongues1 & contr>y to all o!r           
casualties1 *aunc$ vpon all o!r bookes 9
 maug] ( all worldly wittes1 :o w\ld s  
fayne haue _h !m de/roy$1 & yet he by 8 
mightie h&e1 w\ld haue !m extant z      
witnesses & int]pret]s ( 8 w t[>d       
mank9d3 we may soone see cause mo/      
reu]5tly to embrace ^! deu9e te/imonies 

( 8 w1 to /udie !m1 & to se>*e !m1 to   
in/ruct our bl9de nature s sore corrupt$
 & fall5 f ! k 9 :i*e fir/ we 7 creat$4 
,yet hau+ occasion geu5 some:at to      
recov] our fall & to returne aga9e to t 
deu9e nature :]e9 we 7 once made1 & at !
 la/ to be inh]it\rs 9 ! cele/iall      
habitation ) ,god almightie1 aft] ! ende
 ( our mortalitie "h br\ght to 8 du/    
agayne3 ,^! bookes ,i say beyng ( su*   
e/imation & auc?oritie1 s mu* reu]5c$ ( 
!m :o _h any meane ta/e ( !m1 c\lde neu]
 be put out ( ! way1 nei!r by ! spyte ( 
any tiraunt1 z t ,sid5ote3 ,galfride mon
 tiraunt ,maximian de/roy$ all ! holy   
scriptures :]esoeu] !y c\lde be f\nde1 &
 burnt !m 9 ! middes ( ! m>ket1 nei!r ! 
hatr$ ei!r ( any ,porphiran philosoph]  
or ,rhetoritian1 nei!r by ! enuie ( !   
romany/es1 & ( su* hypocrites :o f tyme 
to "t did eu] b>ke aga9/ !m1 "s ( !m n 9
 op5 sort ( condempnation3 b m cunn+ly  
vnd] suttle pret5ces1 = t z !y say1 !y 7
 s h>de to vnd]/&e1 & specially = t !y  
affirm x to be a p]il\s matt] to        

translate ! text ( ! holy scripture1 &  
!re=e x _c be well translat$4 ,& "h we  
may beholde ! endeu\r ( "s m5's         
cauillation1 :o lab\r all !y c to       
slaund] ! translat\rs1 to f9de faulte 9 
"s wordes ( ! translation3 b !m selfe w 
neu] set p5 to ! booke1 to set out any  
translation at al4 ,!y c 9 _!           
con/itutions pr\9ciall1 ,sid5ote3 ,?o   
,ardel 9 concilio apud ,oxon4 ,an #adjg 
articlo #g4 vnd] payne (                
excommunication1 inhibite al o!r m5 to  
translate !m )\t ! ord9>ies or !        
pr\9ciall c\nsayle agree !revnto4 ,b !y 
wyll be well w>e neu] to agree or geue  
c\nsayle to set !m out4 ,:i*e _! suttle 
compasse 9 effect1 t5de? b to bewray :at
 inw>dly !y meane1 if !y c\ld br+ x     
ab\t1 t is1 vtt]ly to suppresse !m3 be+ 
9 ?is _! iudgem5t1 f>re vnlike ! olde   
fa!rs 9 ! primitiue *ur*1 :o ha? exhort$
 indiff]5tly all p]sons1 aswell m5 z    
wom51 to ex]cise !m selues 9 !          
scriptures1 :i* by ,sa9t ,hi]oms        
auc?oritie be ! scriptures ( ! p4 ,yea  

!y be f>re vnlike _! olde =efa!rs t h   
rul$ 9 ?is realme1 :o 9 _! times1 & 9   
diu]s ages did _! dilig5ce to translate 
! :ole bookes ( ! scriptures to !       
erudition ( ! laytie1 z yet at ?is day  
be to be se5e diu]s bookes translat$    
into ! vulg> tongue1 "s by kynges ( !   
realme1 "s by bi%oppes1 "s by abbotts1  
"s by o!r deu\t godly fa!rs3 s desir\s  
!y 7 ( olde tyme to h ! lay sort edifi$ 
9 godlynes by read+ 9 _! vulg> tongue1 t
 v _m bookes be yet extant1 ?\gh = ! age
 ( ! spea*e & /raung5esse ( ! *>ect ( _m
 ( !m almo/ worne out ( k4 ,9 :i*e      
bookes may be se5e euid5tly h[e x 0 vs$ 
among ! ,saxons1 to haue 9 _! *ur*es    
read ! f\re gospels1 s di/ribut$ & pik$ 
out 9 ! body ( ! euangeli/es bookes1 t  
to eu]y ,sunday & fe/iuall day 9 ! y]e1 
!y 7 sort$ out to ! common m9i/]s ( !   
*ur* 9 _! common pray]s to be read to _!
 p4 ,sid5ote3 #a ,pet4 i4 ,n[ z ( ! mo/ 
aunci5t fa!rs ! prophets1 ,sa9t ,pet]   
te/ifie? t ^! holy m5 ( ,god _h !       
impulsion ( ! holy ,gho/1 to speak out  

^! deu9e te/imonies3 s x is n to be     
d\bt$ b t ^! latt] holy fa!rs ( !       
,engli%e ,*ur*1 _h ! impulsion ( ! holy 
,gho/ to set out ^! sacr$ bookes 9 _!   
vulg> language1 to ! edification ( ! p1 
,sid5ote3 ,acts xvii4 by ! helpe :]e( !y
 might ! bett] fol[e ! example ( ! godly
 ,*ri/ians1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ,*ur*e1 :o n 
only receau$ ! worde )all read9esse (   
he>t1 b also did se>*e dilig5tly 9 !    
scriptures1 :e!r ! doctr9e ( ! ,apo/les 
7 agreable to ! same scripture4 ,& ^! 7 
n ( ! rascall sort 7sai? ! deu9e /orie7 
b !y 7 ( ! be/ & ( mo/ noble byr? among 
! ,!ssalonians1 ,birrh5ses by "n4       
,sid5ote3 #a ,pet4 i4 ,yea ! prophetes  
!m selues 9 _! dayes1 write? ,s4 ,pet]1 
7 dilig5t se>*]s to inquire out ?is     
saluation by ,*ri/e1 se>*+ :5 & at :at  
article ( "t ?is grace ( ,*ri/es        
disp5sation %\lde appe>e to ! _w4 ,:at  
m5t ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* 9 _! writ+es1 b ! 
advaunc+ ( ^! holy bookes1 :]e "s d     
attribute no c]ta9tie ( vnd\bt$ v]itie1 
b to ! canonicall scriptures3 ,sid5ote3 

,aug4 contra epi/olam p]mem9i ,hi]onimus
 ,t]tullian de doctr9a ,*ri/iana ,*riso/
 9 ,matt4 ,ho4 #dg4 ,basilius ,hi]onim4 
,"s d affirm x to be a fooli%e ra%e     
boldnesse to beleue hym1 :o pr\e? n by !
 scriptures t :i*e he affirme? 9 8      
worde4 ,"s d accurse all t is deliu]$ by
 tradition1 n f\nd 9 ! legall &         
evangelicall scriptures4 ,"s say t our  
fay? mu/ ne$es /agg]1 if x be n gr\nd$  
vpon ! auc?oritie ( ! scripture4 ,"s    
te/ifie? t ,*ri/e & 8 ,*ur*e ought to be
 adu\*$ out ( ! scriptures1 & d cont5de 
9 disputation1 t ! true ,*ur* c n be    
kn[51 b only by ! holy scriptures3 ,=   
all o!r ?+es 7sai? ! same auc?or7 may be
 f\nd among ! h]etikes4 ,"s affirme x to
 be a s9full tradition t is obtrud$ )\t 
! scripture4 ,sid5ote3 #a ,pet4 i4 ,"s  
playnely pron\nce1 t n to kn[e !        
scriptures is n to "k ,*ri/e4 ,:]e=e let
 m5 extoll out ! ,*ur*e practises z     
hyghly z !y c1 & let !m set out _!      
traditions & cu/omes1 _! decisions 9    
synodes & c\nsayles1 ) vaunt+ ! pres5ce 

( ! holy ,gho/ among !m really1 z "s do?
 affirme x 9 _! writ+1 let _! gr\ndes & 
_! demon/rations1 _! f\ndations be z    
/able & z /rong z !y blase !m out3      
,sid5ote3 #a ,pet4 i4 ,yet wyll we be   
bolde to say ) ,sa9t ,pet]1 ,habemus nos
 firmiorem s]monem propheticum4 ,we h = 
our "p a m /able gr\nde1 ! propheticall 
wordes 7( ! scriptures7 & d\bt n to be  
comm5d$ !re=e ( ! same ,sa9t ,pet] ) ^! 
wordes3 ,cui dum att5ditis ceu luc]ne   
app>5ti 9 obscuro loco1 recte facitis   
donec dies illucescat c4 ,:]evnto sai?  
he1 :yle ye d att5de z to alight %9+ 9 a
 d>ke place1 ye d well vntill ! day     
light appe>e1 & till ! bright />re d    
arise vnto our he>tes1 ,= ?is we "k1 t  
al ! propheticall scripture /&e? n 9 any
 priuate int]pretation ( vayne names1 ( 
sev]all ,*ur*es1 ( ca?olique vniu]sall  
seas1 ( s+ul] & wylfull heades1 :i*e    
wyll *al5ge cu/ome all decision to      
p]tayne to !m only1 :o be work+ s mu*e =
 _! vayne sup]ioritie1 t !y be n a%am$  
n[ to be ( t numb]1 ,sid5ote3 ,psal4 xi4

 ,qui dix]unt l+uam no/ram              
magnificabimus1 labia no/ra a nobis     
sunt1 quis no/] dom9us e/3 ,:i* haue    
sayd ) our tongue wyll we preuayle1 we  
are !y t ought to speake1 :o is ,"l ou] 
vs4 ,& :yle !y %all cont5de = _! /raunge
 claym$ auc?oritie1 we w proce$e 9 !    
re=mation begun1 & d\bt no m by ! helpe 
( ,*ri/e 8 grace1 ( ! true vnity to     
,*ri/es ca?olique ,*ur*e1 ,sid5ote3     
,concilium bracc> secundum4 & ( !       
vprightnesse ( our fay? 9 ?is pr\9ce1 !n
 ! ,spani%e cle>gie once ga!r$ toge!r 9 
c\nsaile 7only by ! commaundem5t ( _!   
k+1 be=e :i*e tyme ! ,pope 0 n s        
ackn[l$g$ 9 8 auc?oritie :i* he n[      
clayme?7 ,i say z surely d>e we tru/1 z 
!y dyd tru/ ( _! fai? & v]itie4 ,yea no 
lesse confid5ce haue we to pr(esse t1   
:i*e ! fa!rs ( ! vniu]sall c\nsaile at  
,c>?age 9 ,affrike z !y wryte !m selfe  
did pr(esse 9 _! epi/le writt5 to ,pope 
,cele/9e1 lay+ be=e 8 face ! f\le       
corruption ( him selfe 7z two o!r ( 8   
pr$ecessors did ! l err\r7 9 falsifiy+ !

 canons ( ,nic5 c\nsayle1 = 8 wrong     
*al5ge ( 8 newe claym$ auc?oritie3 ,?us 
wrytyng4 ,prud5tissime enim iu/issimeque
 pr\id]unt 7,nic5a et ,affricana        
dicreta7 quecunque negotia 9 suis locis 
7vbi orta sunt7 f9i5da1 nec vnicuiqui   
pr\9ci gratiam sancti spiritus defuturam
 qua equitas a ,*ri/i sac]dotibus et    
prud5t] videatur1 et con/antissime      
t5eatur1 maxime quia vnicuique concessum
 e/1 si iuditio (f5sus fu]it cognitorum1
 ad concilia suae pr\9ci vel etiam      
vniu]sale pr\oc>e4 ,t 7! ,nic5 &        
,affrican decrees7 haue mo/ prud5tly &  
iu/ly pr\id$ = all man] ( matt]s to be  
end$ 9 _! t]itories :]e !y _h _! beg9n+1
 & !y tru/$ t n to any "o pr\9ce %\lde  
want ! grace ( ! holy ,gho/1 :]eby bo? !
 tru? or equitie might prud5tly be se5e 
( ! ,*ri/ian prelates ( ,*ri/e1 & might 
be also by !m mo/ con/antly def5d$1     
specially = t x is graunt$ to eu]y man  
7if he be greeu$7 by ! iudgem5t ( !     
cause once kn[5 to appeale to !         
c\nsayles ( 8 owne pr\9ce or els to !   

vniu]sall4 ,except !re be any man1 :i*e 
may beleue t our ,lorde ,god w\lde      
inspire ! righte\snesse ( exam9ation1 to
 any "o s+ul> p]son1 & to d5ie ! same to
 prie/es ga!r$ toge!r into c\nsaile )\t 
numb]1 c4 ,& !re !y d require ! bi%op ( 
,rome to s5d none ( 8 cl>kes to execute 
su* pr\9ciall causes1 le/ els say !y1   
m\ght be br\ght 9 ! vayne pride ( ! _w  
into ! ,*ur*e ( ,*ri/e4 ,9 ?is          
antiquitie may we 9 ?is *ri/ian         
ca?olique ,*ur*e ( ,engl&e repose our   
selfe1 kn[yng by our owne annales (     
aunci5t recorde t ,kyng ,lucius ^:      
consci5ce 0 mu* t\*$ ) ! miracles :i*e !
 s]uauntes ( ,*ri/e wr\ght 9 diu]s      
nations1 !rvpon beyng 9 great l\e ) !   
true fay?1 s5t vnto ,eleu!rius !n by%op 
( ,rome requir+ ( hym ! *ri/ian         
religion4 ,sid5ote3 ,int] legis ,edw>di4
 ,b ,eleu!rius did r$yly geue ou] t c>e 
to ,k+ ,lucius 9 8 epi/le1 = t ! ,k+ z  
he wryte?1 ! vic> ( ,god 9 8 owne       
k+dome1 & = t he _h receiu$ ! fai? (    
,*ri/e3 ,& = t he _h also bo? te/am5tes 

9 8 realme1 he wyll$ hym to drawe out ( 
!m by ! grace ( ,god1 & by ! c\nsaile ( 
8 wisem51 8 lawes1 & by t lawe ( ,god to
 g\]ne 8 realme ( ,britanie1 & n s mu*  
to desire ! ,romane & ,emp]\r's lawes1 9
 ! :i*e "s defaulte might be f\nde sai? 
he1 b 9 ! lawes ( ,god no?+ at all4     
,sid5ote3 ,ex ar*iuis de /atio l&au5sis 
ecclie 9 vita ar*iepiscopi dubritii1 et 
9 ,i4 capgraue4 ,) :i* aunsw]e ! ,k+es  
legates1 ,eluanus & ,m$w9us s5t z       
mess5g]s by ! ,k+ to ! ,pope1 return$ to
 ,britanie agayne1 ,eluanus beyng made a
 by%op1 & ,m$w9e al[$ a publique tea*]3 
:o = ! eloqu5ce & k !y _h 9 ! holy      
,scriptures1 !y repayr$ home agayne to  
,kyng ,lucius1 & by _! holy prea*+s1    
,lucius & ! noble m5 ( ! :ole ,britanie 
receiu$ _! baptisme1 c4 ,?us f>re 9 !   
/orie4 ,n[e !re=e kn[+ & beleu+ ) ,sa9t 
,paul1 ,quod quecumque prescripta sunt1 
ad no/ram doctr9am prescripta sunt vt p]
 paci5tiam et consolationem scriptur>um 
spem habeamus3 ,sid5ote3 ,rom4 xv4      
,:atsoeu] is a=e writt51 is writt5 be=e 

= our in/ruction1 ,sid5ote3 ,& yet may x
 be true t ,w41 ( ,malsb]ie1 write? t   
,phaganus & ,d]nuianus 7 s5t aft] 7z    
,coadiut\rs7 ) ^! le>n$ m5 to ! prea*+ (
 ! ,gospell1 :i*e 0 neu] ext+ui%$ 9     
,brita9e fr ,joseph ( ,arama?ia 8 "t z  
to ,s4 ,au/51 ! fir/ by%op ( ,cant]1 !y 
d op5ly ab\*e4 t we ?r\gh ! pati5ce &   
com=t ( scriptures might haue hope1 !   
only suretie to our fay? & consci5ce1 is
 to /icke to ! scriptures4 ,:]evpon :yle
 ?is et]nall worde ( ,god be our rocke &
 ank] to /icke vnto1 we w haue paci5ce )
 all ! vayne inu5tions ( m51 :o lab\r s 
highly to magnifie _! tongues1 to exalt 
!m selues ab\e al t is ,god4 ,we wil    
take com=t by ! holy scriptures aga9/ ! 
mal$ictions ( ! adu]s>ies1 & d\bt n to  
n\ri%e our hope cont9ually !re) s to    
liue & dye 9 ?is com=table hope1 & d\bt 
n to p]tayne to ! elect numb] ( ,*ri/es 
,*ur*e1 h[e f>re soeu] we be            
excommunicat$ out ( ! s9agogue ( su*e :o
 suppose !mselues to be ! vniu]sall     
lordes ( all ! _w1 ,lordes ( our fay? & 

consci5ces1 at pleasure4  ,f9ally to    
comm5d fur!r vnto !e good read] ! cause 
9 "p be=e intreat$1 x %albe ! lesse     
ne$efull1 hau+ s nye fol[+ t le>n$      
preface1 :i* sometime 0 set out by !    
dilig5ce ( t godly fa!r ,?omas ,cranm]1 
late by%op 9 ! sea ( ,cant]burie1 :i* he
 caus$ to be prefix$ be=e ! translation 
( t ,byble t 0 !n set out4 ,& = t !     
copies !re( be s wa/$1 t v _m ,*ur*es d 
want _! conu5i5t ,bybles1 x 0 ?\ght good
 to "s well dispos$ m51 to recognise !  
same ,byble aga9e into ?is f\rme z x is 
n[e come out1 ) "s fur!r dilig5ce 9 !   
pr9t+1 & ) "s m light add$1 p>tly 9 !   
translation1 & p>tly 9 ! ord] ( ! text1 
n z condemn+ ! =m] translation1 :i*e 0  
fol[$ mo/ly ( any o!r translation1      
except+ ! orig9all text f :i*e z litle  
v>iaunce 0 made z 0 ?\ght meete to su* z
 toke paynes !re93 desir+ !e good read] 
if ought be escap$1 ey!r by su* z _h !  
exp5d+ ( ! bookes1 or by ! ou]sight ( ! 
pr9t]1 to correct ! same 9 ! spirite (  
*>itie1 call+ to remembraunce :at       

diu]sitie ha? b5 se5e 9 m5s iudgem5tes 9
 ! translation ( ^! bookes be=e ^!      
dayes1 ?\gh all direct$ _! lab\rs to !  
glory ( ,god1 to ! edification ( !      
,*ur*e1 to ! com=t ( _! *ri/ian bre?r51 
& alwayes z ,god dyd fur!r op5 vnto !m1 
s eu] m desir\s !y 7 to ref\rme _! =m]  
huma9 ou]sightes1 r !n 9 a /ubborne     
wylfulnesse to resi/ ! gyft ( ! holy    
,gho/1 :o f tyme to tyme is resid5t z t 
heau5ly tea*] & lead] into all true?1 by
 ^: direction ! ,*ur*e is rul$ & g\]n$4 
,& let all m5 rememb] 9 !m selfe h[e    
err\r & ignoraunce is creat$ ) our      
nature2 ,sid5ote3 ,eccle4 xi4 ,sapi4 ix4
 let frayle man confesse ) t great wise 
man1 t ! cogitations & inu5tions (      
mortall man be v weake1 & our op9ions   
sone deceau$3 ,= ! body s subiect to    
corruption do? oppresse ! s\le1 t x _c  
aspire s hye z ( dutie x ought4 ,m5 we  
be all1 & t :i*e we "k1 is n ! ?\s& "p (
 t we kn[e n4 ,:]eupon sai? ,sa9t ,au/51
 o!rwyse to iudge !n ! tru? is1 ?is     
temptation ryse? ( ! frailtie ( man4    

,sid5ote3 ,de doctri ,*ri/ia4 ,a man s  
to l\e & /icke to 8 owne iudgem5t1 or to
 enuie 8 bro!rs to ! p]ill ( dissolu+ ! 
*ri/ian communion1 or to ! p]ill (      
s*isme1 & ( h]esie1 ?is is diabolicall  
presumption3 b s to iudge 9 eu]y matt] z
 ! tru? is1 ?is belonge? onely to !     
angellicall p]fection4 ,not)/&+ good    
read]1 ?\ maye/ be well assur$ no?+ to  
be done 9 ?is translation ey!r ( malice 
or wylfull mean+ 9 alt]+ ! text1 ey!r by
 putt+ m or lesse to ! same1 z ( purpose
 to br+ 9 any priuate iudgem5t by       
falsification ( ! wordes1 z "s c]ta9e m5
 ha? b5 ou] bold s to d1 litle reg>d+ ! 
maie/ie ( ,god 8 scripture3 b s to make 
x s]ue to _! corrupt error1 z 9 alleag+ 
! s5t5ce ( ,sa9t ,paule to ! ,roma9es ! 
#f4 ,"o c]ta9e wryt] to pr\e 8          
satisfaction1 0 bold to turne ! worde ( 
,sanctificationem into ! worde (        
,satisfactionem1 ?us1 ,sicut exhibuimus 
antea membra no/ra s]uire immundicie et 
iniquitati ad iniquitatem ita de9ceps   
exhibeamus membra no/ra s]uire iu/itiae 

9 satisfactionem4 ,sid5ote3 ,hosius 9   
confessione ca?olic fidi de sacr p5it5ti
 ,idem ,hosius de spe4 et oratione4 ,t  
is1 z we h geu5 our memb]s to           
vncleannesse1 f iniquitie to iniquitie3 
eu5 s f h5cefoor? let vs geue our memb]s
 to s]ue righte\snesse into             
satisfaction3 :]e ! true worde is into  
sanctification4 ,ev5 s likewise = !     
auauntage ( 8 cause1 to pr\e t m5 may   
haue 9 _! pray] fay? vpon sa9tes1       
corruptly alleage? ,sa9t ,paules text1  
,ad philemonem1 ?us1 ,fidem quam habes 9
 dom9o ,iesu et 9 omnes sanctos1 leau+  
out ! worde *>itatem1 :i* w\ld h rightly
 b5 di/ribut$ vnto ,omnes sanctos4 ,z   
fidem vnto 9 dom9o ,iesu4 ,:]e ! text is
 ,audi5s *>itatem tuam et fidem quam    
habes 9 dom9o ,iesu 9 omnes sanctos1 c4 
,x 7 to long to bryng 9 _m examples1 z  
may be op5ly f\nde 9 "s m5s wrytynges 9 
^! dayes1 :o w\ld be c\nt$ ! *iefe      
pill]s ( ! ,ca?olique fay?1 or to note  
h[ corruptly !y ( purpose abuse ! text  
to ! comoditie ( _! cause4 ,:at man] (  

translation may m5 ?9ke to looke = at _!
 h&es1 if !y %\ld translate ! scriptures
 to ! com=t ( ,god's elect1 :i*e !y neu]
 did1 nor be n l to purpose x1 b be r   
/udi\s only to seeke qu>rels 9 o!r m5s  
well doynges1 to picke fault :]e none   
is3 & :]e any is escap$ ?r\gh huma9e    
neglig5ce1 !re to crye out ) _!         
tragicall exclamations1 b 9 no wyse to  
am5de by ! spirite ( *>itie & l5itie1 t 
:i*e might be m aptly set4 ,:]vpon =    
frayle man 7compass$ hym selfe )        
infirmitie7 x is mo/ reasonable n to be 
to seu]e 9 condemn+ 8 bro!rs k or       
dilig5ce :]e he do? erre1 n ( malice1 b 
( simplicitie1 & specially 9 h&el+ ( ^! 
s deu9e bookes s pr(\nde 9 s5se1 s f>re 
pass+ our naturall vnd]/&+4 ,& ) *>itie 
x /&e?1 ! read] n to be (f5d$ ) !       
diu]sitie ( translators1 nor ) !        
ambiguitie ( translations3 ,= z ,sa9t   
,au/5 do? witnesse1 ,sid5ote3 ,de doctr4
 ,*ri/i4 lib4 #b4 cap4 #e4 by ,god's    
pr\id5ce x is br\ght ab\t1 t ! holy     
scriptures :i*e be ! salue = eu]y mans  

sore1 ?\gh at ! fir/ !y came f "o       
language1 & !reby might h b5 spread to !
 :ole worlde3 n[e by diu]sitie ( manye  
languages1 ! translat\rs %\lde spreade !
 saluation 7t is contayn$ 9 !m7 to all  
nations1 by su*e wordes ( vtt]aunce z ! 
read] might p]ceaue ! m9de ( !          
translat\r1 & s consequ5tly to come to !
 k ( ,god 8 wyll & pleasure4 ,& ?\gh _m 
ra%e read]s be deceau$ 9 ! obscurities &
 ambiguities ( _! translations1 :yle !y 
take "o ?+ = ano!r1 & :yle !y vse mu*e  
lab\r to extricate !m selues out ( !    
obscurities ( ! same3 yet ,i ?9ke 7sai? 
he7 ?is is n wr\ght )\t ! pr\id5ce (    
,god1 bo? to tame ! pr\de arrogancie (  
man by 8 su*e lab\r ( se>*+1 z also to  
kepe 8 m9de f lo?somnesse & contempt1   
:]e if ! scriptures vniu]sally 7 to     
easie1 he w\lde lesse reg>de !m4 ,& ?\gh
 7sai? he7 9 ! primitive ,*ur*e ! late  
int]pret]s :i*e did translate !         
scriptures1 be innum]able1 yet wr\ght   
?is r an helpe1 ?an an imp$im5t to !    
read]s1 if !y be n to neglig5t4 ,= sai? 

he1 diu]s translations haue made _m     
tymes ! h>d] & d>k] s5t5ces1 ! m op5 &  
playne3 s t ( congru5ce1 no (f5ce c     
iu/ly be tak5 = ?is newe lab\r1 no?+    
preiudic+ any o!r mans iudgem5t by ?is  
doyng1 nor yet h]eby pr(ess+ ?is to be s
 absolute a translation1 z t h]eaft]    
might fol[e no o!r t might see t :i*e z 
yet 0 n vnd]/&$4 ,9 ?is poynt x is      
conu5i5t to consid] ! iudgem5t t ,john1 
once by%op ( ,ro*e/] 0 91 :o ?us wrote3 
,sid5ote3 ,articulo1 #ag1 contra ,lu?4  
,x is n vnkn[51 b t _m ?+es ha? b5 m    
dilig5tly discuss$1 & m cle>ely vnd]/&$ 
by ! wittes ( ^! latt] dayes1 z well    
conc]n+ ! gospels z o!r scriptures1 !n 9
 olde tyme !y 74 ,! cause :]e( is 7sai? 
he7 = t to ! olde m5 ! yse 0 n brok51 or
 = t _! age 0 n suffici5t exquisitely to
 exp5de ! :ole mayne sea ( ! scriptures1
 or els = t 9 ?is l>ge field ( !        
scriptures1 a man may ga!r "s e>es      
vnt\*$1 aft] ! h>ue/ m5 h[e dilig5t     
soeu] !y 74 ,= !re be yet 7sai? he7 9 ! 
,gospels v _m d>ke places1 :i*e )\t all 

d\bt to ! po/]itie %albe made mu*e m    
op54 ,= :y %\ld we despayre h]e91 se+ ! 
,gospell 7wryte? he7 0 deliu]$ to ?is   
int5t1 t x might be vtt]ly vnd]/&$ ( vs1
 yea to ! v in*e4 ,:]e=e1 =asmu* z      
,*ri/e %[e? no lesse l\e to 8 ,*ur*e n[1
 !n hi!rto he ha? done1 ! auc?oritie :](
 is z yet no :it dim9i%$1 & =asmu* z t  
holy spirite ! p]petuall ,kep] & ,g>dian
 ( ! same ,*ur*1 ^: gyftes & graces d   
fl[e z cont9ually & z ab\ndantly z f !  
beg9n+3 :o c d\bt1 b t su* ?+es z       
remayne yet unkn[5 9 ! ,gospell1 %albe  
h]eaft] made op5 to ! latt] wittes ( our
 po/]itie1 to _! cle>e vnd]/&+4 ,only   
good read]s let vs (t call vpon ! holy  
spirite ( ,god our heau5ly fa!r1 by !   
m$iation ( our ,lorde & ,saui\r1 ) !    
wordes ( ! octon>y psalme ( ,dauid1 :o  
did s importunately craue ( ,god to haue
 ! vnd]/&+ ( 8 lawes & te/am5t3         
,sid5ote3 ,psal4 cxix4 ,let vs humblye  
on our knees pray to almightie ,god1 ) t
 wyse ,sid5ote3 ,sapi4 ix4 ,kyng        
,solomon 9 8 v wordes say+ ?us--,o ,god 

( my fa!rs1 & ,lorde ( m]cies 7t ?\ ha/ 
made all ?ynges ) ?y worde1 & did/ orda9
 man ?r\gh ?y wisdome1 t he %\lde haue  
dom9ion ou] ?y creatures :i*e ?\ ha/    
made1 & t he %\lde ord] ! worlde accord+
 to hol9esse & righte\snesse1 & t he    
%\lde execute iudgem5t ) a true he>t7   
geue me wisdome :i*e is eu] ab\t ?y     
feate1 & put me n out f among ?y *yldr53
 ,= ,i ?y s]uant & sonne ( ?y h&mayd5 am
 a feeble p]son1 ( a %ort "t1 & to weake
 to ! vnd]/&+ ( ?y iudgem5tes & lawes4  
,& ?\gh a man be neu] s p]fect among !  
*ildr5 ( m51 yet if ?y wisdome be n )   
him1 he %albe ( no value4 ,o s5de h] out
 !re=e f ?y holy heau5s1 & f ! ?rone (  
?y maie/ie1 t %e may be ) me1 & lab\r ) 
me1 t ,i may "k :at is acceptable 9 ?y  
sight3 = %e kn[e? & vnd]/&e? all ?+es1 &
 %e %all lead me sob]ly 9 my workes1 &  
pres]ue me 9 h] p[]1 ,s %all my workes  
be acceptable by ,*ri/e our ,lorde1 ,to 
:om ) ! fa!r & ! holy ,gho/1 be all     
hon\r & glorie1 worlde )\t ende4 ,am54  
7,f47  ,,! ,,preface ,,to ,,! ,,revision

 ,,( #afaa4   ,sid5ote3 ,! be/ ?+s h be5
 calumniat$4 ,zeal to promote ! common  
good1 :e!r x be by devis+ any ?+        
ourselves1 or revis+ t :i* ha? be5      
lab\r$ by o!rs1 des]ve? c]ta9ly mu*     
respect & e/eem1 b yet f9de? b cold     
ent]ta9m5t 9 ! _w4 ,x is welcom$ )      
suspicion in/ead ( love1 & ) emulation  
in/ead ( ?anks3 & if !re be any hole    
left = cavil to ent]1 7& cavil1 if x d n
 f9d an hole1 w make "o7 x is sure to be
 miscon/ru$1 & 9 dang] to be condemn$4  
,?is w easily be grant$ by z _m z "k    
/ory1 or h any exp]i5ce4 ,= 0 !re ev]   
any ?+ project$ t sav\r$ any way (      
newness or r5ew+1 b ! same endur$ _m a  
/orm ( ga9say+ or opposition8 ,a man    
w\ld ?9k t civility1 :olesome laws1     
le>n+ & eloqu5ce1 ,synods1 &            
,*ur*ma9t5ance1 7t we speak ( no m ?+s (
 ?is k9d17 %\ld be z safe z a ,sanctu>y1
 &#add out ( %ot1 z !y say1 t no man    
w\ld lift up 8 heel1 no1 nor dog move 8 
tongue aga9/ ! motion]s ( !m4 ,= by !   
fir/ we are di/+ui%$ f brute bea/s l$ ) 

s5suality3 by ! second we are bridl$ &  
re/ra9$ f outrage\s behavi\r1 & f do+ ( 
injuries1 :e!r by fraud or by viol5ce3  
by ! ?ird we are enabl$ to in=m & re=m  
o!rs by ! light & feel+ t we h atta9$   
unto ourselves3 briefly1 by ! f\r?1 be+ 
br\ght toge!r to a p>ley face to face1  
we soon] compose our diff]5ces1 ?an by  
writ+s1 :i* are endless3 & la/ly1 t !   
,*ur* be suffici5tly provid$ = is s     
agreeable to good reason & consci5ce1 t 
^? mo!rs are hold5 to be less cruel1 t  
kill _! *ildr5 z soon z !y are born1 ?an
 ^? nurs+ fa!rs & mo!rs 7:]esoev] !y be7
 t )draw f !m :o hang ^u _! brea/s 7& ^u
 ^: brea/s aga9 !mselves d hang to      
receive ! spiritual & s9c]e milk ( ! ^w7
 livelihood & support fit = _! e/ates4  
,?us x is app>5t1 t ^! ?+s :i* we speak 
( are ( mo/ necess>y use1 & !re=e t     
none1 ei!r )\t absurdity c speak aga9/  
!m1 or )\t note ( wick$ness c spurn     
aga9/ !m4  ,sid5ote3 ,ana*>sis1 ) o!rs4 
,yet = all t1 ! le>n$ "k1 t c]ta9 wor?y 
m5 h be5 br\ght to untimely dea? = none 

o!r fault1 b = seek+ to r$uce _!        
c\ntrym5 to good ord] & discipl9e3      
,sid5ote3 ,9 ,a!ns3 witness ,libanius 9 
,olyn?4 ,demo/h4 ,cato ! eld]4 ,& t 9 "s
 ,commonweals x 0 made a capital crime1 
once to motion ! mak+ ( a new law = !   
abrogat+ ( an old1 ?\gh ! same 7 mo/    
p]nici\s3 ,& t c]ta91 :i* w\ld be c\nt$ 
pill>s ( ! ,/ate1 & patt]ns ( virtue &  
prud5ce1 c\ld n be br\ght = a long "t to
 give way to good lett]s & ref9$ spee*2 
b b>e !mselves z av]se f !m1 z f rocks  
or boxes ( poison3 ,& f\r?ly1 t he 0 no 
babe1 b a great ,cl]k1 ,sid5ote3        
,gregory ! ,div9e4 t gave =? 7& 9 writ+ 
to rema9 to po/]ity71 9 passion         
p]adv5ture1 b yet he gave =?1 ,t he _h n
 se5 any pr(it to come by any synod or  
meet+ ( ! ,cl]gy1 b r ! contr>y3 ,&     
la/ly1 aga9/ ,*ur*ma9t5ance & all[ance1 
9 su* sort z ! ,embassadors & mess5g]s (
 ! great ,k+ ( k+s %\ld be furni%$1 x is
 n unkn[n :at a fiction or fable 7s x is
 e/eem$1 & = no bett] by ! report]      
himself1 ?\gh sup]/iti\s7 0 devis$3     

namely1 ,sid5ote3 ,naucl]us4 ,t at su*  
"t z ! pr(essors & tea*]s ( ,*ri/ianity 
9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 !n a true ,*ur*1 7   
lib]ally end[$1 a voice =soo? 0 he>d f  
heav51 say+1 ,n[ is poison p\r$ d[n into
 ! ,*ur*1 c4 ,?us n only z (t z we      
speak1 z "o sai?1 b also z (t z we d any
 ?+ ( note or consequ5ce1 we subject    
ourselves to e "o's c5sure1 & happy is  
he t is lea/ toss$ ^u tongues2 = utt]ly 
to escape ! snat* ( !m x is impossible4 
,if any man conceit1 t ?is is ! lot &   
portion ( ! mean] sort only1 & t ,pr9ces
 are privileg$ by _! high e/ate1 he is  
deceiv$4 ,sid5ote3 #b ,sam4 #aa4 #be4 ,z
 ! sword dev\re? z well "o z ano!r1 z x 
is 9 ,samuel2 nay1 z ! great comm&] *>g$
 8 soldi]s 9 a c]ta9 battle to /rike at 
no "p ( ! enemy1 b at ! face2 ,sid5ote3 
#a ,k94 #bb4 #ca4 & z ! k+ ( ,syria     
comm&$ 8 *ief capta9s to fight nei!r )  
small nor great1 save only aga9/ ! k+ ( 
,israel3 s x is too true1 t envy /rike? 
mo/ spitefully at ! faire/1 & ! *iefe/4 
,david 0 a wor?y pr9ce1 & no man to be  

comp>$ to him = 8 fir/ de$s2 & yet = z  
wor?y an act z ev] he did1 ev5 = br++   
back ! ark ( ,god 9 solemnity1 he 0     
scorn$ & sc(f$ at by 8 own wife4        
,sid5ote3 #b ,sam4 #f4 #af4 ,solomon 0  
great] ?an ,david1 ?\gh n 9 virtue1 yet 
9 p[]2 & by 8 p[] & wisdom he built a   
temple to ! ,"l1 su* an "o z 0 ! glory (
 ! l& ( ,israel1 & ! wond] ( ! :ole _w4 
,b 0 t 8 magnific5ce lik$ ( by all8 ,we 
d\bt ( x4 ,o!rwise :y d !y lay x 9 8    
son's di%1 & call unto him =#ade eas+ ( 
! burd58 ,make1 say !y1 ! griev\s       
s]vitude ( ?y fa!r1 & 8 sore yoke1      
light]4 ,sid5ote3 #a ,k94 #ab4 #d4      
,belike he _h *>g$ !m ) "s levies1 &    
tr\bl$ !m ) "s c>riages2 h]eupon !y     
raise up a trag$y1 & wi% 9 _! he>t !    
temple _h nev] be5 built4 ,s h>d a ?+ x 
is to please all1 ev5 :5 we please ,god 
be/1 & d seek to approve ourselves to e 
"o's consci5ce4  ,sid5ote3 ,! highe/    
p]sonages h be5 calumniat$ ,c4 ,cs>4    
,plut>*4 ,if we w desc5d to latt] times1
 we %all f9d _m ! l examples ( su* k9d1 

or r unk9d1 acceptance4 ,! fir/ ,roman  
,emp]or did nev] d a m pleas+ de$ to !  
le>n$1 nor m pr(itable to po/]ity1 =    
cons]v+ ! record ( times 9 true         
supputation1 ?an :5 he correct$ !       
,cal5d>1 & ord]$ ! ye> accord+ to !     
c\rse ( ! sun3 & yet ?is 0 imput$ to him
 = novelty1 & arrogancy1 & procur$ to   
him great obloquy4 ,sid5ote3 ,con/ant9e4
 ,s ! fir/ ,*ri/5$ ,emp]or 7at ! lea/   
wise1 t op5ly pr(ess$ ! fai? himself1 & 
all[$ o!rs to d ! l17 = /r5g!n+ ! empire
 at 8 great *>ges1 & provid+ = ! ,*ur*1 
z he did1 got = 8 lab\r ! "n ,pupillus1 
z :o w\ld say1 a wa/eful ,pr9ce1 t _h   
ne$ ( a gu>dian or ov]se]4 ,sid5ote3    
,aurel4 ,vict4 ,!odosius4 ,zosimus4 ,s !
 be/ ,*ri/5$ ,emp]or1 = ! love t he b>e 
unto peace1 !reby to enri* bo? himself &
 8 subjects1 & because he did n seek w>1
 b f9d x1 0 judg$ to be no man at arms1 
7?\gh inde$ he excell$ 9 feats (        
*ivalry1 & %ew$ s mu* :5 he 0 provok$17 
& condemn$ = giv+ himself to 8 ease1 &  
to 8 pleasure4 ,sid5ote3 ,ju/9ian4 ,to  

be %ort1 ! mo/ le>n$ ,emp]or ( =m]      
times1 7at ! lea/ ! greate/ politician17
 :at ?anks _h he = cutt+ (f !           
sup]fluities ( ! laws1 & dige/+ !m into 
"s ord] & me?od8 ,?is1 t he ha? be5     
blott$ by "s to be an ,epitomi/1 t is1  
"o t ext+ui%$ wor?y :ole volumes1 to br+
 8 abridgem5ts into reque/4 ,?is is !   
measure t ha? be5 r5d]$ to excell5t     
,pr9ces 9 =m] times1 cum b5e fac]5t1    
male audire1 = _! good de$s to be evil  
spok5 (4 ,nei!r is !re any likelihood t 
envy & malignity di$ & 7 buri$ ) !      
anci5t4 ,no1 no1 ! repro( ( ,moses take?
 hold ( mo/ ages1 ,sid5ote3 ,num4 #cb4  
#ad4 ,eccles4 #a4 #i4 ,y are ris5 up 9  
y\r fa!rs' /ead1 an increase ( s9ful m54
 ,:at is t t ha? be5 done8 t :i* %all be
 done3 & !re is no new ?+ "u ! sun1 sai?
 ! wise man4 ,& ,/4 ,/eph51 ,z y\r fa!rs
 did1 s d ye4 ,sid5ote3 ,acts #g4 #ea4  
,8 ,maje/y's con/ancy1 not)/&+          
calumniation1 = ! survey ( ! ,engli%    
translation4   1    4 ,?is1 & m to ?is  
purpose1 8 ,maje/y t n[ reigne? 7& long1

 & long1 may he reign1 & 8 (fspr+ = ev]1
 ,himself1 & *ildr51 & *ildr5's *ildr5  
always67 knew full well1 accord+ to !   
s+ul> wisdom giv5 unto him by ,god1 & ! 
r>e le>n+ & exp]i5ce t he ha? atta9$    
unto2 namely1 ,t :osoev] attempte? any  
?+ = ! publick1 7especially if x p]ta9  
to religion1 & to ! op5+ & cle>+ ( ! ^w 
( ,god17 ! same sette? himself ^u a /age
 to be gl\t$ ^u by e evil eye2 yea1 he  
ca/e? himself headlong ^u pikes1 to be  
gor$ by e %>p tongue4 ,= he t m$dle? )  
m5's religion 9 any "p m$dle? ) _!      
cu/om1 nay1 ) _! freehold2 & ?\gh !y f9d
 no cont5t 9 t :i* !y h1 yet !y _c abide
 to he> ( alt]+4 ,not)/&+ 8 royal he>t 0
 n daunt$ or disc\rag$ = ?is or t col\r1
 b /ood resolute1 z a /atue immovable1 &
 an anvil n easy to be beat5 into       
plates1 z "o sai?2 ,sid5ote3     he knew
 :o _h *os5 him to be a soldi]1 or r a  
capta92 & ,sid5ote3   1 ,suidas4 be+    
assur$ t ! c\rse :i* he int5d$ made mu* 
= ! glory ( ,god1 & ! build+ up ( 8     
,*ur*1 he w\ld n suff] x to be brok5 (f 

= :atsoev] spee*es or practices4 ,x do? 
c]ta9ly belong unto k+s1 yea1 x do?     
specially belong unto !m1 to h c>e (    
religion1 yea1 to "k x aright1 yea1 to  
pr(ess x zeal\sly1 yea1 to promote x to 
! utt]mo/ ( _! p[]4 ,?is is _! glory    
be=e all nations :i* mean well1 & ?is w 
br+ unto !m a f> mo/ excell5t weight (  
glory 9 ! day ( ! ,"l ,jesus4 ,= !      
,scripture sai? n 9 va91 ,sid5ote3 #a   
,sam4 #b4 #cj4 ,!m t hon\r me ,i w      
hon\r3 nei!r 0 x a va9 ^w t ,eusebius   
deliv]$ long ago1 ,sid5ote3 1 ,eusebius1
 lib4 #aj4 cap4 #h4 ,t piety t[>d ,god 0
 ! weapon1 & ! only weapon1 t bo?       
pres]v$ ,con/ant9e's p]son1 & av5g$ him 
( 8 enemies4  ,sid5ote3 ,! praise ( !   
holy ,scriptures4 ,b n[ :at piety )\t   
tru?8 ,:at tru?1 :at sav+ tru?1 )\t ! ^w
 ( ,god8 ,:at ^w ( ,god1 :]e( we may be 
sure1 )\t ! ,scripture8 ,! ,scriptures  
we are comm&$ to se>*1 ,john v4 #ci4    
,isaiah viii4 #bj4 ,!y are comm5d$ t    
se>*$ & /udi$ !m1 ,acts xvii4 #aa1 &    
viii4 #bh1 #bi4 ,!y are reprov$ t 7     

unskilful 9 !m1 or sl[ to believe !m1   
,mat?4 xxii4 #bi4 ,luke xxiv4 #be4 ,!y c
 make u wise unto salvation1 #b ,tim4   
iii4 #ae4 ,if we be ignorant1 !y w      
in/ruct u2 if out ( ! way1 !y w br+ u   
home2 if out ( ord]1 !y w re=m u2 if 9  
heav9ess1 com=t u2 if dull1 quick5 u2 if
 cold1 inflame u4 ,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,augu/4 
,confess4 lib4 #h4 cap4 #ab4 ,/4 ,augu/4
 ,de utilit4 cr$5di1 cap4 #f4 ,tolle1   
lege2 tolle1 lege2 ,take up & read1 take
 up & read ! ,scriptures1 7= unto !m 0 !
 direction17 x 0 said unto ,/4 ,augu/9e 
by a sup]natural voice4 ,:atsoev] is 9 !
 ,scriptures1 believe me1 sai? ! same   
,/4 ,augu/9e1 is high & div9e2 !re is   
v]ily tru?1 & a doctr9e mo/ fit = !     
refre%+ & r5ew+ ( m5's m9ds1 & truly s  
temp]$1 t e "o may draw f !nce t :i* is 
suffici5t = him1 if he come to draw ) a 
dev\t & pi\s m9d1 z true religion       
require?4 ,?us ,/4 ,augu/9e4 ,& ,/4     
,hi]ome1 ,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,hi]on4 ad       
,demetriad4 ,/4 ,cyrill #g contra       
,julian4 ,ama ,scripturas1 et amabit te 

sapi5tia1 c4 ,love ! ,scriptures1 &     
wisdom w love !e4 ,& ,/4 ,cyrill aga9/  
,julian1 ,ev5 boys t are br$ up 9 !     
,scriptures become mo/ religi\s1 c4 ,b  
:at m5tion we ?ree or f\r uses ( !      
,scripture1 :]eas :atsoev] is to be     
believ$1 or practis$1 or hop$ =1 is     
conta9$ 9 !m8 or ?ree or f\r s5t5ces ( !
 ,fa!rs1 s9ce :osoev] is wor?y ! "n ( a 
,fa!r1 f ,*ri/'s "t d[nw>d1 ha? likewise
 writt5 n only ( ! ri*es1 b also ( !    
p]fection ( ! ,scripture8 ,sid5ote3     
,t]tul4 adv]s4 ,h]m4 ,t]tul4 ,de c>n4   
,*ri/4  1 ,ju/94 4  4  1 ,/4 ,basil4  4 
,i adore ! fulness ( ! ,scripture1 sai? 
,t]tullian aga9/ ,h]mog5es4 ,& aga91 to 
,apelles an h]etick ( ! l /amp he sai?1 
,i d n admit t :i* ?\ br+e/ 9 7or       
conclude/7 ( ?9e own 7head or /ore1 de  
tuo7 )\t ,scripture4 ,s ,/4 ,ju/9 ,m>tyr
 be=e him2 ,we mu/ "k by all means 7sai?
 he7 t x is n lawful 7or possible7 to   
le>n 7any ?+7 ( ,god or ( "r piety1 save
 only out ( ! ,prophets1 :o tea* u by   
div9e inspiration4 ,s ,/4 ,basil aft]   

,t]tullian1 ,x is a manife/ fall+ away f
 ! fai?1 & a fault ( presumption1 ei!r  
to reject any ( ^? ?+s t are writt51 or 
to br+ 9 7^u ! head ( !m1 7 any ( ^? ?+s
 t are n writt54 ,we omit to cite to !  
same effect ,/4 ,cyrill ,bi%op (        
,j]usalem 9 8 #d4 ,cate*4 ,/4 ,hi]ome   
aga9/ ,helvidius1 ,/4 ,augu/9e 9 8 ?ird 
book aga9/ ! lett]s ( ,petilian1 & 9 v  
_m o!r places ( 8 works4 ,also we =be>  
to desc5d to lat] ,fa!rs1 because we w n
 we>y ! read]4 ,! ,scriptures !n be+    
ackn[l$g$ to be s full & s p]fect1 h[ c 
we excuse ourselves ( neglig5ce1 if we d
 n /udy !m8 ( curiosity1 if we be n     
cont5t ) !m8 ,sid5ote3   1   1    1  1  
c4 ,an olive b\gh wrapp$ ab\t ) wool1   
:]eupon did hang figs1 & bread1 & honey 
9 a pot1 & oil4 ,m5 talk mu* ( 1 h[ _m  
sweet & goodly ?+s x _h hang+ on x2 ( ! 
,philosoph]'s /one1 t x turne? copp]    
into gold2 ( ,cornu-copia1 t x _h all   
?+s necess>y = food 9 x2 ( ,panaces1 !  
h]b1 t x 0 good = all diseases2 (       
,ca?olicon ! drug1 t x is in/ead ( all  

purges2 ( ,vulcan's arm\r1 t x 0 an     
arm\r ( pro( aga9/ all ?ru/s & all bl[s1
 c4 ,well1 t :i* !y falsely or va9ly    
attribut$ to ^! ?+s = bodily good1 we   
may ju/ly & ) full measure ascribe unto 
! ,scripture = spiritual4 ,x is n only  
an arm\r1 b also a :ole arm\ry (        
weapons1 bo? (f5sive & def5sive2 :]eby  
we may save ourselves1 & put ! enemy to 
flight4 ,x is n an h]b1 b a tree1 or r a
 :ole p>adise ( trees ( life1 :i* br+ =?
 fruit e mon?1 & ! fruit !re( is = meat1
 & ! leaves = m$ic9e4 ,x is n a pot (   
,manna1 or a cruse ( oil1 :i* 7 = memory
 only1 or = a meal's meat or two2 b1 z x
 71 a %[] ( heav5ly bread suffici5t = a 
:ole ho/1 be x nev] s great1 &1 z x 71 a
 :ole cell> full ( oil vessels2 :]eby   
all our necessities may be provid$ =1 & 
our debts dis*>g$4 ,9 a ^w1 x is a pan>y
 ( :olesome food aga9/ f5[$ traditions2 
,sid5ote3  1 ,/4 ,basil 9 ,psal4 primum4
 a physician's %op 7z ,/4 ,basil calls  
x7 ( pres]vatives aga9/ poison$ h]esies2
 a p&ect ( pr(itable laws aga9/         

rebelli\s spirits2 a treasury ( mo/     
co/ly jewels aga9/ begg>ly rudim5ts2    
f9ally1 a f\nta9 ( mo/ pure wat] spr++  
up unto ev]la/+ life4 ,& :at m>vel8 !   
orig9al !re( be+ f heav51 n f e>?2 !    
au?or be+ ,god1 n man2 ! indit]1 ! ,holy
 ,_s1 n ! wit ( ! ,apo/les or ,prophets2
 ! p5m51 su* z 7 sanctifi$ f ! womb1 &  
endu$ ) a pr9cipal portion ( ,god's ,_s2
 ! matt]1 v]ity1 piety1 purity1         
uprightness2 ! =m1 ,god's ^w1 ,god's    
te/imony1 ,god's oracles1 ! ^w ( tru?1 !
 ^w ( salvation1 c42 ! effects1 light ( 
und]/&+1 /abl5ess ( p]suasion1 rep5tance
 f dead works1 newness ( life1 hol9ess1 
peace1 joy 9 ! ,holy ,gho/2 la/ly1 ! end
 & rew>d ( ! /udy !re(1 fell[%ip ) !    
sa9ts1 p>ticipation ( ! heav5ly nature1 
fruition ( an inh]itance immortal1      
undefil$1 & t nev] %all fade away4      
,happy is ! man t delighte? 9 !         
,scripture1 & ?rice happy t m$itate? 9 x
 day & night4  ,sid5ote3 ,translation   
necess>y4 ,b h[ %all m5 m$itate 9 t :i* 
!y _c und]/&8 ,h[ %all !y und]/& t :i*  

is kept close 9 an unkn[n tongue8 z x is
 writt51 ,sid5ote3 #a ,cor4 #ad4 #aa4   
,except ,i "k ! p[] ( ! voice1 ,i %all  
be to him t speake? a b>b>ian1 & he t   
speake? %all be a b>b>ian to me4 ,!     
,apo/le excepte? no tongue2 n ,hebrew ! 
anci5te/1 n ,greek ! mo/ copi\s1 n ,lat9
 ! f9e/4 ,nature taught a natural man to
 confess1 t all ( u 9 ^? tongues :i* we 
d n und]/& are pla9ly deaf2 we may turn 
! deaf e> unto !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,clem4     
,alex4 #a ,/rom4 ,/4 ,hi]onym4 ,damaso4 
,mi*ael1 ,!ophili fil4 #b ,tom4 ,concil4
 ex edit4 ,petri ,crab4 ,! ,scy?ian     
c\nt$ ! ,a!nian1 :om he did n und]/&1   
b>b>\s3 s ! ,roman did ! ,syrian1 & !   
,jew3 7ev5 ,/4 ,hi]ome himself calle? ! 
,hebrew tongue b>b>\s2 belike1 because x
 0 /range to s _m37 s ! ,emp]or (       
,con/ant9ople calle? ! ,lat9 tongue     
b>b>\s1 ?\gh ,pope ,nicolas d /orm at x3
 ,sid5ote3 ,cic]o #e4 ,de ,f9ibus4 s !  
,jews long be=e ,*ri/ call$ all o!r     
nations ,lognasim1 :i* is little bett]  
?an b>b>\s4 ,!re=e z "o compla9e? t     

always 9 ! ,s5ate ( ,rome !re 0 "o or   
o!r t call$ = an int]pret]2 s le/ !     
,*ur* be driv5 to ! l exig5t1 x is      
necess>y to h translations 9 a read9ess4
 ,translation x is t op5e? ! w9d[1 to   
let 9 ! light2 t breake? ! %ell1 t we   
may eat ! k]nel2 t putte? aside !       
curta91 t we may look into ! mo/ holy   
place2 t remove? ! cov] ( ! well1 t we  
may come by ! wat]2 ,sid5ote3 ,g54 #bi4 
#aj4 ev5 z ,jacob roll$ away ! /one f ! 
m\? ( ! well1 by :i* means ! flocks (   
,laban 7 wat]$4 ,inde$ )\t translation  
into ! vulg> tongue1 ,sid5ote3 ,john #d4
 #aa4 ! unle>n$ are b l *ildr5 at       
,jacob's well 7:i* 0 deep7 )\t a bucket 
or some?+ to draw )3 ,sid5ote3 ,isai4   
#bi4 #aa4 or z t p]son m5tion$ by ,esay1
 to :om :5 a seal$ book 0 deliv]$ ) ?is 
motion1 ,read ?is1 ,i pray !e2 he 0 fa9 
to make ?is answ]1 ,i _c1 = x is seal$4 
,sid5ote3 ,! translation ( ! ,old       
,te/am5t out ( ! ,hebrew into ,greek4   
,see ,/4 ,augu/4 lib4 #ab4 contra ,fau/4
 cap4 #cb4 ,:ile ,god w\ld be kn[n only 

9 ,jacob1 & h 8 "n great 9 ,israel1 & 9 
none o!r place2 :ile ! dew lay on       
,gideon's fleece only1 & all ! e>?      
besides 0 dry2 !n = "o & ! same p1 :i*  
spake all ( !m ! language ( ,canaan1 t  
is1 ,hebrew1 "o & ! same orig9al 9      
,hebrew 0 suffici5t4 ,b :5 ! fulness (  
"t drew ne>1 t ! ,sun ( righte\sness1 ! 
,son ( ,god1 %\ld come into ! _w1 :om   
,god orda9$ to be a reconciliation ?r\gh
 fai? 9 8 blood1 n ( ! ,jew only1 b also
 ( ! ,greek1 yea1 ( all !m t 7 scatt]$  
abroad2 !n1 lo1 x pleas$ ! ,"l to /ir up
 ! _s ( a ,greek pr9ce1 7,greek = desc5t
 & language17 ev5 ( ,ptolemy ,philadelph
 k+ ( ,egypt1 to procure ! translat+ ( !
 book ( ,god out ( ,hebrew into ,greek4 
,?is is ! translation ( ! ,sev5ty       
int]pret]s1 commonly s call$1 :i* prep>$
 ! way = our ,savi\r among ! ,g5tiles by
 writt5 prea*+1 z ,/4 ,john ,bapti/ did 
among ! ,jews by vocal4 ,= ! ,grecians1 
be+ desir\s ( le>n+1 7 n wont to suff]  
books ( wor? to lie m\ld+ 9 k+s'        
libr>ies1 b _h _m ( _! s]vants1 ready   

scribes1 to copy !m out1 & s !y 7       
disp]s$ & made common4 ,aga9 ! ,greek   
tongue 0 well kn[n & made famili> to mo/
 inhabitants 9 ,asia by reason ( !      
conque/s t !re ! ,grecians _h made1 z   
also by ! colonies :i* ?i!r !y _h s5t4  
,= ! same causes also x 0 well und]/ood 
9 _m places ( ,europe1 yea1 & ( ,africk 
too4 ,!re=e ! ^w ( ,god1 be+ set =? 9   
,greek1 become? h]eby l a c&le set ^u a 
c&le/ick1 :i* give? light to all t are 9
 ! h\se2 or l a proclamation s\nd$ =? 9 
! m>ket place1 :i* mo/ m5 pres5tly take 
k (2 & !re=e t language 0 fitte/ to     
conta9 ! ,scriptures1 bo? = ! fir/      
prea*]s ( ! ,gospel to appeal unto =    
witness1 & = ! le>n]s also ( ^? times to
 make se>* & trial by4 ,x is c]ta91 t t 
translation 0 n s s\nd & s p]fect1 b t x
 ne$$ 9 _m places correction2 & :o _h   
be5 s suffici5t = ?is "w z ! ,apo/les or
 apo/olick m58 ,yet x seem$ good to !   
,holy ,gho/ & to !m to take t :i* !y    
f\nd1 7! same be+ = ! greate/ "p true & 
suffici5t17 r ?an by mak+ a new1 9 t new

 _w & gre5 age ( ! ,*ur*1 to expose     
!mselves to _m exceptions &             
cavillations1 z ?\gh !y made a          
translation to s]ve _! own turn2 & !re=e
 he>+ witness to !mselves1 _! witness n 
to be reg>d$4 ,?is may be suppos$ to be 
"s cause1 :y ! translation ( ! ,sev5ty 0
 all[$ to pass = curr5t4 ,not)/&+1 ?\gh 
x 0 comm5d$ g5]ally1 yet x did n fully  
cont5t ! le>n$1 no n ( ! ,jews4 ,= n    
long aft] ,*ri/1 ,aquila fell 9 h& ) a  
new translation1 & aft] him ,!odotion1 &
 aft] him ,symma*us2 yea1 !re 0 a fif?1 
& a six? edition1 ! au?ors :]e( 7 n     
kn[n4 ,^! ) ! ,sev5ty made up !         
,hexapla1 & 7 wor?ily & to great purpose
 compil$ toge!r by ,orig54 ,h[beit !    
edition ( ! ,sev5ty w5t away ) ! cr$it1 
& !re=e n only 0 plac$ 9 ! mid/ by      
,orig51 7= ! wor? & excell5cy !re( above
 ! re/1 z ,epiphanius ga!re?17 ,sid5ote3
 ,epiphan4 ,de m5suris et pond]ib4 ,/4  
,augu/4 #b4 ,de doctr94 ,*ri/ian4 c4    
#ae4 ,novel4 diatax4 #adf4 b also 0 us$ 
by ! ,greek ,fa!rs = ! gr\nd & f\ndation

 ( _! comm5t>ies4 ,yea1 ,epiphanius     
abov5am$ do? attribute s mu* unto x1 t  
he holde? ! au?ors !re( n only =        
int]pret]s1 ,sid5ote3     4 b also =    
prophets 9 "s respect3 & ,ju/9ian !     
,emp]or1 injo9+ ! ,jews 8 subjects to   
use especially ! translation ( !        
,sev5ty1 r5d]e? ?is reason !re(1        
,because !y 71 z x 71 enlight5$ )       
prophetical grace4 ,sid5ote3 ,isai4 #ca4
 #c4 ,yet = all t1 z ! ,egyptians are   
said ( ! ,prophet to be m5 & n ,god1 &  
_! horses fle% & n _s3 s x is evid5t1 7&
 ,/4 ,hi]ome affirme? z mu*17 ,sid5ote3 
,/4 ,hi]on4 de optimo g5]e int]pret4 t !
 ,sev5ty 7 int]pret]s1 !y 7 n prophets4 
,!y did _m ?+s well1 z le>n$ m52 b yet z
 m5 !y /umbl$ & fell1 "o :ile ?r\gh     
ov]sight1 ano!r :ile ?r\gh ignorance2   
yea1 sometimes !y may be not$ to add to 
! orig9al1 & sometimes to take f x3 :i* 
made ! ,apo/les to leave !m _m times1 :5
 !y left ! ,hebrew1 & to deliv] ! s5se  
!re( accord+ to ! tru? ( ! ^w1 z ! ,_s  
gave !m utt]ance4 ,?is may suffice t\*+ 

! ,greek translations ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4
  ,sid5ote3 ,translation out ( ,hebrew &
 ,greek into ,lat94 ,!re 7 also )9 a few
 hundr$ ye>s aft] ,*ri/ translations _m 
into ! ,lat9 tongue3 = ?is tongue also 0
 v fit to convey ! ,law & ! ,gospel by1 
because 9 ^? times v _m c\ntries ( !    
,we/1 yea ( ! ,s\?1 ,ea/1 & ,nor?1 spake
 or und]/ood ,lat91 be+ made prov9ces to
 ! ,romans4 ,b n[ ! ,lat9 translations 7
 too _m to be all good3 = !y 7 inf9ite2 
7,lat9i int]pretes nullo modo num]>i    
possunt1 sai? ,/4 ,augu/9e47 ,sid5ote3  
,/4 ,augu/4 de doctr94 ,*ri/4 lib4 #b4  
cap4 #aa4 ,aga91 !y 7 n out ( ! ,hebrew 
f\nta91 7we speak ( ! ,lat9 translations
 ( ! ,old ,te/am5t17 b out ( ! ,greek   
/ream2 !re=e ! ,greek be+ n altoge!r    
cle>1 ! ,lat9 d]iv$ f x mu/ ne$s be     
muddy4 ,?is mov$ ,/4 ,hi]ome1 a mo/     
le>n$ ,fa!r1 & ! be/ l+ui/ )\t          
controv]sy ( 8 age1 or ( any o!r t w5t  
be=e him1 to und]take ! translat+ ( !   
,old ,te/am5t out ( ! v f\nta9s         
!mselves2 :i* he p]=m$ ) t evid5ce (    

great le>n+1 judgm5t1 indu/ry1 &        
fai?fulness1 t he ha? = ev] b\nd ! ,*ur*
 unto him 9 a debt ( special remembrance
 & ?ankfulness4  ,sid5ote3 ,! translat+ 
( ! ,scripture into ! vulg> tongues4 ,n[
 ?\gh ! ,*ur* 7 ?us furni%$ ) ,greek &  
,lat9 translations1 ev5 be=e ! fai? (   
,*ri/ 0 g5]ally embrac$ 9 ! ,empire3 7= 
! le>n$ "k1 ,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,hi]on4       
,m>cell4 ,zosim4 t ev5 9 ,/4 ,hi]ome's  
"t ! ,consul ( ,rome & 8 wife 7 bo?     
,e?nicks1 & ab\t ! same "t ! greate/ "p 
( ! ,s5ate also37 yet = all t ! godly   
le>n$ 7 n cont5t to h ! ,scriptures 9 ! 
language :i* !mselves und]/ood1         
,sid5ote3 #b ,k94 #g4 #i4 ,greek &      
,lat91 7z ! good lep]s 7 n cont5t to f>e
 well !mselves1 b acqua9t$ _! neighb\rs 
) ! /ore t ,god _h s5t1 t !y also might 
provide = !mselves27 b also = ! beho( & 
edify+ ( ! unle>n$1 :i* hung]$ & ?ir/$  
aft] righte\sness1 & _h s\ls to be sav$ 
z well z !y1 !y provid$ translations    
into ! vulg> = _! c\ntrym51 insomu* t   
mo/ nations "u heav5 did %ortly aft] _! 

conv]sion he> ,*ri/ speak+ unto !m 9 _! 
"m tongue1 n by ! voice ( _! m9i/] only1
 b also by ! writt5 ^w translat$4 ,if   
any d\bt h]e(1 he may be satisfi$ by    
examples en\gh1 if en\gh w s]ve ! turn4 
,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,hi]on4 ,prf4 9 #d4       
,evangel4 ,fir/1 ,/4 ,hi]ome sai?1      
,mult>um g5tium l+uis ,scriptura ante   
translata docet falsa esse qu addita    
sunt1 c42 t is1 ,! ,scripture be+       
translat$ be=e 9 ! languages ( _m       
nations do? %ew t ^? ?+s t 7 add$ 7by   
,lucian or ,hesy*ius7 are false4        
,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,hi]on4 ,sophronio4 ,s ,/4
 ,hi]ome 9 t place4 ,! same ,hi]ome     
else:]e affirme? t he1 ! "t 01 _h set =?
 ! translation ( ! ,sev5ty1 su l+       
hom9ibus2 t is1 = 8 c\ntrym5 (          
,dalmatia4 ,:i* words n only ,erasmus   
do? und]/& to purport1 t ,/4 ,hi]ome    
translat$ ! ,scripture into ! ,dalmatian
 tongue2 ,sid5ote3 ,six4 ,s54 lib4 #d4  
,alphon4 a ,ca/ro1 lib4 #a4 cap4 #bc4   
,/4 ,*ryso/4 9 ,joann4 cap4 #a4 hom4 #a4
 b also ,sixtus ,s55sis1 & ,alphonsus a 

,ca/ro1 7t we speak ( no m17 m5 n to be 
except$ aga9/ by !m ( ,rome1 d +5u\sly  
confess z mu*4 ,s ,/4 ,*ryso/ome1 t liv$
 9 ,/4 ,hi]ome's "t1 give? evid5ce )    
him3 ,! doctr9e ( ,/4 ,john 7sai? he7   
did n 9 su* sort 7z ! ,philosoph]s' did7
 vani% away3 b ! ,syrians1 ,egyptians1  
,indians1 ,p]sians1 ,e?iopians1 &       
inf9ite o!r nations1 be+ b>b>\s p1      
translat$ x into _! 7"m7 tongue1 & h    
le>n$1 to be 7true7 ,philosoph]s1 he    
meane? ,*ri/ians4 ,sid5ote3 ,!odor4 #e4 
,!rapeut4 ,to ?is may be add$ ,!odoret1 
z next unto him bo? = antiquity1 & =    
le>n+4 ,8 words be ^!1 ,e c\ntry t is "u
 ! sun is full ( ^! words1 7( ! ,apo/les
 & ,prophets27 & ! ,hebrew tongue 7he   
meane? ! ,scriptures 9 ! ,hebrew tongue7
 is turn$ n only into ! language ( !    
,grecians1 b also ( ! ,romans1 &        
,egyptians1 & ,p]sians1 & ,indians1 &   
,arm5ians1 & ,scy?ians1 & ,sauromatians1
 &1 briefly1 into all ! languages t any 
nation use?4 ,sid5ote3 ,p4 ,diacon4 lib4
 #ab4 ,isid4 9 ,*ron4 ,go?4 ,sozom4 lib4

 #f4 cap4 #eg4 ,vasseus 9 ,*ro4 ,hisp4  
,polydor4 ,virg4 #e4 hi/4 ,anglorum     
te/atur idem de ,alur$o no/ro4 ,av5t94  
lib4 #d4 ,s he4 ,9 l mann] ,ulpilas is  
report$ by ,paulus ,diaconus & ,isidore1
 & be=e !m by ,sozom51 to h translat$ ! 
,scriptures into ! ,go?ick tongue3 ,john
 ,bi%op ( ,sevil by ,vasseus1 to h turn$
 !m into ,arabick ab\t ! ,ye> ( our ,"l 
#gag3 ,b$a by ,ci/]ti5sis1 to h turn$ a 
great "p ( !m into ,saxon3 ,efn>d by    
,tri!mius1 to h abridg$ ! ,fr5* ,psalt] 
7z ,b$a _h done ! ,hebrew7 ab\t ! ye>   
#hjj3 ,k+ ,alur$ by ! said ,ci/]ti5sis1 
to h turn$ ! ,psalt] into ,saxon3       
,me?odius by ,av5t9us 7pr9t$ at ,+ol/ad7
 to h turn$ ! ,scriptures into          
,sclavonian3 ,valdo#adf ,bi%op ( ,fris+ 
by ,beatus ,rh5anus1 to h caus$ ab\t t  
"t ! ,gospels to be translat$ into ,dut*
 rhyme1 yet extant 9 ! libr>y (         
,corb9ian3 ,valdus by div]s1 to h turn$ 
!m himself1 or to h gott5 !m turn$1 into
 ,fr5*1 ab\t ! ,ye> #aafj3 ,*>les !     
,fif? ( t "n1 surnam$ ,! wise1 to h     

caus$ !m to be turn$ into ,fr5* ab\t    
#bjj ye>s aft] ,valdus' "t2 ( :i*       
translation !re be _m copies yet extant1
 z witnesse? ,b]oaldus4 ,sid5ote3       
,b]oald4 ,?uan4 ,mu* ab\t t "t1 ev5 9   
our ,k+ ,ri*>d ! ,second's days1 ,john  
,trevisa translat$ !m into ,engli%1 & _m
 ,engli% ,bibles 9 writt5 h& are yet to 
be se5 ) div]s2 translat$1 z x is v     
probable1 9 t age4 ,s ! ,syrian         
translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t is 9 mo/  
le>n$ m5's libr>ies1 ( ,widm9/adius'    
sett+ =?2 & ! ,psalt] 9 ,arabick is )   
_m1 ( ,augu/9us ,nebi5sis' sett+ =?4 ,s 
,po/el affirme?1 t 9 8 travel he saw !  
,gospels 9 ! ,e?iopian tongue3 ,&       
,ambrose ,!sius all$ge? ! ,psalt] ( !   
,indians1 :i* he te/ifie? to h be5 set  
=? by ,potk5 9 ,syrian *>act]s4 ,s t to 
h ! ,scriptures 9 ! "m tongue is n a    
qua9t conceit lately tak5 up1 ei!r by ! 
,"l ,cromwell 9 ,engl&1 or by ! ,"l     
,radevile 9 ,polony1 or by ! ,"l        
,ungnadius 9 ! ,emp]or's dom9ion1 b ha? 
be5 ?\ght ^u1 & put 9 practice ( old1   

ev5 f ! fir/ times ( ! conv]sion ( any  
nation2 no d\bt1 because x 0 e/eem$ mo/ 
pr(itable to cause fai? to gr[ 9 m5's   
he>ts ! soon]1 & to make !m to be able  
to say ) ! words ( ! ,psalm1 ,sid5ote3  
,psal4 #dh4 #h4 ,z we h he>d1 s we h    
se54  ,sid5ote3 ,! unwill+ness ( our    
*ief adv]s>ies t ! ,scriptures %\ld be  
divulg$ 9 ! "m tongue1 c4     ,sophocl4 
,n[ ! *ur* ( ,rome w\ld seem at ! l5g?  
to be> a mo!rly affection t[>d h]       
*ildr51 & to all[ !m ! ,scriptures 9 !  
"m tongue3 b inde$ x is a gift1 n des]v+
 to be call$ a gift1 an unpr(itable     
gift3 !y mu/ fir/ get a lic5ce 9 writ+  
be=e !y may use !m2 & to get t1 !y mu/  
approve !mselves to _! ,confessor1 t is1
 to be su* z are1 if n froz5 9 ! dregs1 
yet s\r$ ) ! leav5 ( _! sup]/ition4     
,h[beit x seem$ too mu* to ,clem5t !    
,eigh?1 t !re %\ld be any lic5ce grant$ 
to h !m 9 ! vulg> tongue1 & !re=e he    
ov]rule? & fru/rate? ! grant ( ,pius !  
,f\r?4 ,sid5ote3 ,see ! obs]vation 7set 
=? by ,clem5t's au?ority7 ^u ! #d? rule 

( ,pius ! #d?'s mak+ 9 ! ,index lib4    
prohib4 pag4 #ae4 v]4 #e4 ,t]tull4 de   
resur4 c>nis4 ,s mu* are !y afraid ( !  
light ( ! ,scripture1 7,lucifug         
,scriptur>um1 z ,t]tullian speake?17 t  
!y w n tru/ ! p ) x1 no n z x is set =? 
by _! own sworn m51 no n ) ! lic5ce ( _!
 own ,bi%ops & ,inquisitors4 ,yea1 s    
unwill+ !y are to communicate !         
,scriptures to ! p's und]/&+ 9 any sort1
 t !y are n a%am$ to confess1 t we =c$  
!m to translate x into ,engli% aga9/ _! 
wills4 ,?is seeme? to argue a bad cause1
 or a bad consci5ce1 or bo?4 ,sure we   
are1 t x is n he t ha? good gold1 t is  
afraid to br+ x to ! t\*-/one1 b he t   
ha? ! c\nt]feit2 ,sid5ote3 ,john #c4    
#bj4 nei!r is x ! true man t %unne? !   
light1 b ! malefactor1 le/ 8 de$s %\ld  
be reprov$2 nei!r is x ! pla9deal+      
m]*ant t is unwill+ to h ! weights1 or !
 metey>d1 br\ght 9 place1 b he t use?   
deceit4 ,b we w let !m alone = ?is      
fault1 & return to translation4         
,sid5ote3 ,! spee*es & reasons bo? ( our

 bre?r51 & ( adv]s>ies1 aga9/ ?is "w4   
,_m m5's m\?s h be5 op5$ a good :ile 7& 
yet are n /opp$7 ) spee*es ab\t !       
translation s long 9 h&1 or r p]usals ( 
translations made be=e3 & ask :at may be
 ! reason1 :at ! necessity1 ( !         
employm5t4 ,ha? ! ,*ur* be5 deceiv$1 say
 !y1 all ?is :ile8 ,ha? h] sweet bread  
be5 m+l$ ) leav51 h] silv] ) dross1 h]  
w9e ) wat]1 h] milk ) lime8 7lacte      
gypsum male miscetur1 sai? ,/4 ,ir5ee47 
,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,ir54 lib4 #c4 cap4 #ai4  
,we hop$ t we _h be5 9 ! "r way1 t we _h
 _h ! ,oracles ( ,god deliv]$ unto u1 & 
t ?\gh all ! _w _h cause to be (f5d$1 & 
to compla91 yet t we _h none4 ,ha? !    
nurse hold5 out ! brea/1 & no?+ b w9d 9 
x8 ,ha? ! bread be5 deliv]$ by ! ,fa!rs 
( ! ,*ur*1 & ! same prov$ to be         
lapidosus1 z ,s5eca speake?8 ,:at is x  
to h&le ! ^w ( ,god deceitfully1 if ?is 
be n8 ,?us c]ta9 bre?r54 ,also !        
adv]s>ies ( ,judah & ,j]usalem1         
,sid5ote3 ,neh4 #d4 #b1 #c4 l ,sanballat
 9 ,nehemiah1 mock1 z we he>1 bo? at !  

"w & workm51 say+1 ,:at d ^! weak ,jews1
 c41 w !y make ! /ones :ole aga9 out ( !
 heaps ( du/ :i* are burnt8 al?\gh !y   
build1 yet if a fox g up1 he %all ev5   
break d[n _! /ony wall4 ,0 _!           
translation good be=e8 ,:y d !y n[ m5d  
x8 ,0 x n good8 ,:y !n 0 x obtrud$ to ! 
p8 ,yea1 :y did ! ,ca?olicks 7mean+     
,popi% ,romani/s7 always g 9 jeop>dy =  
refus+ to g to he> x8 ,nay1 if x mu/ be 
translat$ into ,engli%1 ,ca?olicks are  
fitte/ to d x4 ,!y h le>n+1 & !y "k :5 a
 ?+ is well1 !y c manum de tabula4 ,we w
 answ] !m bo? briefly3 ,sid5ote3 ,/4    
,hi]on4 ,apolog4 adv]s4 ,ruff94 & ! =m]1
 be+ bre?r51 ?us ) ,/4 ,hi]ome1         
,damnamus vet]es8 ,m9ime1 s$ po/ priorum
 /udia 9 domo ,dom9i quod possumus      
laboramus4 ,t is1 ,d we condemn !       
anci5t8 ,9 no case3 b aft] ! endeav\rs (
 !m t 7 be=e u1 we take ! be/ pa9s we c 
9 ! h\se ( ,god4 ,z if he said1 ,be+    
provok$ by ! example ( ! le>n$ t liv$   
be=e my "t1 ,i h ?\ght x my duty to     
assay1 :e!r my tal5t 9 ! k ( ! tongues  

may be pr(itable 9 any measure to ,god's
 ,*ur*1 le/ ,i %\ld seem to h lab\r$ 9  
!m 9 va91 & le/ ,i %\ld be ?\ght to     
glory 9 m5 7al?\gh anci5t7 above t :i* 0
 9 !m4 ,?us ,/4 ,hi]ome may be ?\ght to 
speak4  ,sid5ote3 ,a satisfaction to our
 bre?r54 ,& to ! same effect say we1 t  
we are s f> (f f condemn+ any ( _!      
lab\rs t travell$ be=e u 9 ?is k9d1 ei!r
 9 ?is l&1 or beyond sea1 ei!r 9 ,k+    
,h5ry's "t1 or ,k+ ,edw>d's1 7if !re 7  
any translation1 or correction ( a      
translation1 9 8 "t17 or ,que5          
,elizabe?'s ( ev] r5[n$ memory1 t we    
ackn[l$ge !m to h be5 rais$ up ( ,god = 
! build+ & furni%+ ( 8 ,*ur*1 & t !y    
des]ve to be _h ( u & ( po/]ity 9       
ev]la/+ remembrance4 ,! judgm5t (       
,ari/otle is wor?y & well kn[n3         
,sid5ote3 ,ari/4 #b4 ,metaphys4 cap4 #a4
 ,if ,timo!us _h n be51 we _h n _h mu*  
sweet musick3 ,b if ,phrynis 7,timo!us' 
ma/]7 _h n be51 we _h n _h ,timo!us4    
,!re=e bless$ be !y1 & mo/ hon\r$ be _! 
"n1 t break ! ice1 & give ! onset ^u t  

:i* helpe? =w>d to ! sav+ ( s\ls4 ,n[   
:at c be m available !reto1 ?an to      
deliv] ,god's book unto ,god's p 9 a    
tongue :i* !y und]/&8 ,s9ce ( an hidd5  
treasure1 & ( a f\nta9 t is seal$1 !re  
is no pr(it1 z ,ptolemy ,philadelph     
wrote to ! ,rabb9s or ma/]s ( ! ,jews1 z
 witnesse? ,epiphanius3 ,sid5ote3 ,/4   
,epiphan4 loco ante citato4 ,/4 ,augu/4 
lib4 #ai4 ,de civit4 ,dei1 cap4 #g4 & z 
,/4 ,augu/9e sai?1 ,a man _h r be ) 8   
dog ?an ) a /rang] 7^: tongue is /range 
unto him47 ,yet = all t1 z no?+ is begun
 & p]fect$ at ! same "t1 & ! latt]      
?\ghts are ?\ght to be ! wis]3 s1 if we 
build+ ^u _! f\ndation t w5t be=e u1 &  
be+ holp5 by _! lab\rs1 d endeav\r to   
make t bett] :i* !y left s good2 no man1
 we are sure1 ha? cause to mislike u2   
!y1 we p]suade ourselves1 if !y 7 alive1
 w\ld ?ank u4 ,! v9tage ( ,abiez]1 t    
/rake ! /roke3 yet ! glean+ ( grapes (  
,ephraim 0 n to be despis$4 ,see ,judges
 viii4 #b4 ,sid5ote3 #b ,k94 #ac4 #ah1  
#ai4 ,joa% ! k+ ( ,israel did n satisfy 

himself till he _h smitt5 ! gr\nd ?ree  
times2 & yet he (f5d$ ! ,prophet = giv+ 
ov] !n4 ,aquila1 ( :om we spake be=e1   
translat$ ! ,bible z c>efully & z       
skilfully z he c\ld2 & yet he ?\ght good
 to g ov] x aga91 & !n x got ! cr$it ) !
 ,jews1 to be call$ ' 1 t is1 accurately
 done1 z ,/4 ,hi]ome witnesse?4         
,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,hi]on4 9 ,eze*4 cap4 #c4 
,h[ _m books ( pr(ane le>n+ h be5 gone  
ov] aga9 & aga91 by ! same translators1 
by o!rs8 ,( "o & ! same book (          
,ari/otle's ,e?icks !re are extant n s  
few z six or sev5 sev]al translations4  
,n[ if ?is co/ may be be/[$ ^u ! g\rd1  
:i* af=de? u a little %ade1 & :i* to day
 fl\ri%e?1 b to morr[ is cut d[n2 :at   
may we be/[1 nay1 :at ought we n to     
be/[1 ^u ! v9e1 ! fruit :]e( make? glad 
! consci5ce ( man1 & ! /em :]e( abide? =
 ev]8 ,& ?is is ! ^w ( ,god1 :i* we     
translate4 ,sid5ote3 ,j]4 #bc4 #bh4 ,:at
 is ! *aff to ! :eat8 sai? ! ,"l4 ,tanti
 vitreum1 quanti v]um m>g>itum6 7sai?   
,t]tullian47 ,sid5ote3 ,t]tull4 ad      

,m>tyr4 ,si tanti vilissimum vitrum1    
quanti preciosissimum m>g>itum6 ,hi]4 ad
 ,salv94 ,if a toy ( glass be ( t       
reckon+ ) u1 h[ ought we to value ! true
 pe>l6 ,!re=e let no man's eye be evil1 
because 8 ,maje/y's is good2 nei!r let  
any be griev$1 t we h a ,pr9ce t seeke? 
! increase ( ! spiritual weal? (        
,israel2 7let ,sanballats & ,tobiahs d  
s1 :i* !re=e d be> _! j repro(27 b let u
 r bless ,god f ! gr\nd ( our he>t =    
work+ ?is religi\s c>e 9 him to h !     
translations ( ! ,bible maturely        
consid]$ ( & exam9$4 ,= by ?is means x  
come? to pass1 t :atsoev] is s\nd       
already1 7& all is s\nd = sub/ance 9 "o 
or o!r ( our editions1 & ! wor/ ( ours  
f> bett] ?an _! au!ntick vulg>7 ! same w
 %9e z gold m brightly1 be+ rubb$ &     
poli%$2 also1 if any ?+ be halt+1 or    
sup]flu\s1 or n s agreeable to !        
orig9al1 ! same may be correct$1 & !    
tru? set 9 place4 ,& :at c ! ,k+ comm&  
to be done1 t w br+ him m true hon\r ?an
 ?is8 ,& :]e9 c\ld !y t h be5 set a "w  

approve _! duty to ! ,k+1 yea1 _!       
ob$i5ce to ,god1 & love to 8 ,sa9ts1 m1 
?an by yield+ _! s]vice1 & all t is )9  
!m1 = ! furni%+ ( ! "w8 ,b besides all  
?is1 !y 7 ! pr9cipal motives ( x1 &     
!re=e ought lea/ to qu>rel x4 ,= ! v    
hi/orical tru? is1 t ^u ! importunate   
petitions ( ! ,puritanes at 8 ,maje/y's 
com+ to ?is cr[n1 ! conf]5ce at         
,hampton-c\rt hav+ be5 appo9t$ = he>+ _!
 compla9ts1 :5 by =ce ( reason !y 7 put 
f all o!r gr\nds1 !y _h rec\rse at ! la/
 to ?is %ift1 t !y c\ld n ) good        
consci5ce subscribe to ! communion book1
 s9ce x ma9ta9$ ! ,bible z x 0 !re      
translat$1 :i* 01 z !y said1 a mo/      
corrupt$ translation4 ,& al?\gh ?is 0   
judg$ to be b a v poor & empty %ift1 yet
 ev5 h]eupon did 8 ,maje/y beg9 to be?9k
 himself ( ! good t might ensue by a new
 translation1 & pres5tly aft] gave ord] 
= ?is translation :i* is n[ pres5t$ unto
 !e4 ,?us mu* to satisfy our scrupul\s  
bre?r54  ,sid5ote3 ,an answ] to !       
imputations ( our adv]s>ies4 ,n[ to !   

latt] we answ]1 ,t we d n d5y1 nay1 we  
affirm & av[1 t ! v meane/ translation (
 ! ,bible 9 ,engli%1 set =? by m5 ( our 
pr(ession1 7= we h se5 none ( _!'s ( !  
:ole ,bible z yet7 conta9e? ! ^w ( ,god1
 nay1 is ! ^w ( ,god3 ,z ! ,k+'s spee*  
:i* he utt]$ 9 ,p>liam5t1 be+ translat$ 
into ,fr5*1 ,dut*1 ,italian1 & ,lat91 is
 /ill ! ,k+'s spee*1 ?\gh x be n        
int]pret$ by e translator ) ! l grace1  
nor p]adv5ture s fitly = phrase1 nor s  
expressly = s5se1 e :]e4 ,= x is        
confess$1 t ?+s are to take _!          
d5om9ation ( ! great] "p2 ,sid5ote3     
,horace4 & a natural man c\ld say1 ,v]um
 ubi multa nit5t 9 c>m9e1 non ego paucis
 (f5dor maculis1 c4 ,a man may be c\nt$ 
a virtu\s man1 ?\gh he h made _m slips 9
 8 life1 7else !re 7 none virtu\s1 = 9  
_m ?+s we (f5d all17 ,sid5ote3 ,jam4 #c4
 #b4 also a comely man & lovely1 ?\gh he
 h "s w>ts ^u 8 h&2 yea1 n only freckles
 ^u 8 face1 b also sc>s4 ,no cause !re=e
 :y ! ^w translat$ %\ld be d5i$ to be ! 
^w1 or =bidd5 to be curr5t1 not)/&+ t "s

 imp]fections & blemi%es may be not$ 9 !
 sett+ =? ( x4 ,= :at ev] 0 p]fect "u ! 
sun1 :]e ,apo/les or apo/olick m51 t is1
 m5 endu$ ) an extraord9>y measure (    
,god's ,_s1 & privileg$ ) ! privilege ( 
infallibility1 _h n _! h&8 ,! ,romani/s 
!re=e 9 refus+ to he>1 & d>+ to burn !  
^w translat$1 did no less ?an despite ! 
,_s ( grace1 f :om orig9ally x proce$$1 
& ^: s5se & mean+1 z well z man's       
weakness w\ld enable1 x did express4    
,judge by an example or two4  ,sid5ote3 
,plut>* 9 ,camillo4 ,plut>* write?1 t   
aft] t ,rome _h be5 burnt by ! ,gauls1  
!y fell soon to build x aga93 b do+ x 9 
ha/e1 !y did n ca/ ! /reets1 nor        
proportion ! h\ses1 9 su* comely fa%ion1
 z _h be5 mo/ sightly & conv5i5t4 ,0    
,catil9e !re=e an hone/ man1 or a good  
patriot1 t s\ght to br+ x to a          
combu/ion8 ,or ,n]o a good ,pr9ce1 t did
 inde$ set x on fire8 ,s by ! /ory (    
,ezra & ! prophecy ( ,haggai x may be   
ga!r$1 ,sid5ote3 ,ezra #c4 #ab4 t !     
temple built by ,z]ubbabel aft] ! return

 f ,babylon 0 by no means to be comp>$  
to ! =m] built by ,solomon3 = !y t      
rememb]$ ! =m] wept :5 !y consid]$ !    
latt]4 ,not)/&+ might ?is latt] ei!r h  
be5 abhorr$ & =sak5 by ! ,jews1 or      
pr(an$ by ! ,greeks8 ,! l we are to ?9k 
( translations4 ,! translation ( !      
,sev5ty diss5te? f ! ,orig9al 9 _m      
places1 nei!r do? x come ne> x =        
p]spicuity1 gravity1 maje/y4 ,yet :i* ( 
! ,apo/les did condemn x8 ,condemn x8   
,nay1 !y us$ x1 7z x is app>5t1 & z ,/4 
,hi]ome & mo/ le>n$ m5 d confess27 :i*  
!y w\ld n h done1 nor by _! example (   
us+ ( x s grace & comm5d x to ! ,*ur*1  
if x _h be5 unwor?y ! appellation & "n (
 ! ^w ( ,god4 ,& :]eas !y urge = _!     
second def5ce ( _! vilify+ & abus+ ( !  
,engli% ,bibles1 or "s pieces !re(1 :i* 
!y meet )1 = t h]eticks =soo? 7 ! au?ors
 ( ! translations3 7h]eticks !y call u  
by ! same "r t !y call !mselves         
ca?olicks1 bo? be+ wrong37 we m>vel :at 
div9ity taught !m s4 ,we are sure       
,t]tullian 0 ( ano!r m9d3 ,sid5ote3     

,t]tull4 de prscript4 contra hreses4 ,ex
 p]sonis probamus fidem1 an ex fide     
p]sonas8 ,d we try m5's fai? by _!      
p]sons8 ,we %\ld try _! p]sons by _!    
fai?4 ,also ,/4 ,augu/9e 0 ( ano!r m9d3 
,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,augu/4 #c4 de doct4      
,*ri/4 cap4 #cj4 = he1 light+ ^u c]ta9  
rules made by ,ty*onius a ,donati/ = !  
bett] und]/&+ ( ! ^w1 0 n a%am$ to make 
use ( !m1 yea1 to ins]t !m into 8 own   
book1 ) giv+ comm5dation to !m s f> =? z
 !y 7 wor?y to be comm5d$1 z is to be   
se5 9 ,/4 ,augu/9e's ?ird book ,de      
,doct4 ,*ri/4 ,to be %ort1 ,orig51 & !  
:ole ,*ur* ( ,god = c]ta9 hundr$ ye>s1 7
 ( ano!r m9d3 = !y 7 s f> f tread+ "u   
foot 7mu* m f burn+7 ! translation (    
,aquila a proselyte1 t is1 "o t _h turn$
 ,jew1 ( ,symma*us1 & ,!odotion1 bo?    
,ebionites1 t is1 mo/ vile h]eticks1 t  
!y jo9$ !m toge!r ) ! ,hebrew orig9al1 &
 ! translation ( ! ,sev5ty1 7z ha? be5  
be=e signifi$ out ( ,epiphanius17 & set 
!m =? op5ly to be consid]$ ( & p]us$ by 
all4 ,b we we>y ! unle>n$1 :o ne$ n "k s

 mu*2 & tr\ble ! le>n$1 :o "k x already4
  ,yet be=e we end1 we mu/ answ] a ?ird 
cavil & objection ( _!'s aga9/ u1 =     
alt]+ & am5d+ our translations s (t2    
:]e9 truly !y deal h>dly & /rangely ) u4
 ,= to :om ev] 0 x imput$ = a fault1 7by
 su* z 7 wise17 to g ov] t :i* he _h    
done1 & to am5d x :]e he saw cause8     
,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,augu/4 ,epi/4 #i4 ,/4    
,augu/4 lib4 ,retract ,video int]dum    
vitia mea4 ,/4 ,augu/4 ,epi/4 #h4 ,/4   
,augu/9e 0 n afraid to exhort ,/4       
,hi]ome to a ,pal9odia or recantation4  
,! same ,/4 ,augu/9e 0 n a%am$ to       
retractate1 we might say1 revoke1 _m ?+s
 t _h pass$ him1 & do? ev5 glory t he   
see? 8 infirmities4 ,if we w be sons ( !
 tru?1 we mu/ consid] :at x speake?1 &  
trample ^u our own cr$it1 yea1 & ^u o!r 
m5's too1 if ei!r be any way an h9drance
 to x4 ,?is to ! cause4 ,!n to ! p]sons 
we say1 t ( all m5 !y ought to be mo/   
sil5t 9 ?is case4 ,= :at v>ieties h !y1 
& :at alt]ations h !y made1 n only ( _! 
s]vice books1 portesses1 & brevi>ies1 b 

also ( _! ,lat9 translation8 ,! s]vice  
book suppos$ to be made by ,/4 ,ambrose1
 7,(ficium ,ambrosianum17 0 a great :ile
 9 special use & reque/3 b ,pope        
,adrian1 ,sid5ote3 ,dur&4 lib4 #e4 cap4 
#b4 call+ a c\ncil ) ! aid ( ,*>les !   
,emp]or1 aboli%$ x1 yea1 burnt x1 &     
comm&$ ! s]vice book ( ,/4 ,gregory     
univ]sally to be us$4 ,well1 ,(ficium   
,gregorianum gets by ?is means to be 9  
cr$it2 b do? x cont9ue )\t *ange or     
alt]+8 ,no1 ! v ,roman s]vice 0 ( two   
fa%ions2 ! new fa%ion1 & ! old1 ! "o us$
 9 "o ,*ur*1 & ! o!r 9 ano!r2 z is to be
 se5 9 ,pamelius a ,romani/1 8 preface  
be=e ,micrologus4 ,! same ,pamelius     
reporte? out ( ,radulphus de ,rivo1 t   
ab\t ! ye> ( our ,"l #abgg ,pope        
,nicolas ! ,?ird remov$ out ( ! *ur*es (
 ,rome ! m anci5t books 7( s]vice17 &   
br\ght into use ! missals ( ! ,fri]s    
,m9orites1 & comm&$ !m to be obs]v$ !re3
 insomu* t ab\t an hundr$ ye>s aft]1 :5 
! abov$ nam$ ,radulphus happ5$ to be at 
,rome1 he f\nd all ! books to be new1 ( 

! new /amp4 ,nei!r 0 !re ?is *opp+ &    
*ang+ 9 ! m anci5t times only1 b also ( 
late4 ,pius ,qu9tus himself confesse?1 t
 e bi%oprick almo/ _h a peculi> k9d (   
s]vice1 mo/ unlike to t :i* o!rs _h2 :i*
 mov$ him to aboli% all o!r brevi>ies1  
?\gh nev] s anci5t1 & privileg$ &       
publi%$ by ,bi%ops 9 _! ,dioceses1 & to 
e/abli% & ratify t only :i* 0 ( 8 own   
sett+ =? 9 ! ye> #aefh4 ,n[ :5 ! ,fa!r (
 _! ,*ur*1 :o gladly w\ld heal ! sore ( 
! daught] ( 8 p s(tly & slightly1 & make
 ! be/ ( x1 f9de? s great fault ) !m =  
_! odds & j>r+2 we hope ! *ildr5 h no   
great cause to vaunt ( _! uni=mity4 ,b !
 diff]5ce t appe>e? betwe5 our          
translations1 & our (t5 correct+ ( !m1  
is ! ?+ t we are specially *>g$ )2 let u
 see !re=e :e!r !y !mselves be )\t fault
 ?is way1 7if x be to be c\nt$ a fault  
to correct17 & :e!r !y be fit m5 to ?r[ 
/ones at u3 ,o t&em major p>cas insane  
m9ori3 ,!y t are less s\nd !mselves     
ought n to object infirmities to o!rs4  
,if we %\ld tell !m1 t ,valla1          

,/apul5sis1 ,erasmus1 & ,vives1 f\nd    
fault ) _! vulg> translation1 &         
consequ5tly wi%$ ! same to be m5d$1 or a
 new "o to be made2 !y w\ld answ]       
p]adv5ture1 t we produc$ _! enemies =   
witnesses aga9/ !m2 albeit !y 7 9 no o!r
 sort enemies1 ?an z ,/4 ,paul 0 to !   
,galatians1 ,sid5ote3 ,gal4 #d4 #af4 =  
tell+ !m ! tru?3 & x 7 to be wi%$1 t !y 
_h d>$ to tell x !m pla9li] & (t5]4 ,b  
:at w !y say to ?is1 ,t ,pope ,leo !    
,t5? all[$ ,erasmus' translation ( !    
,new ,te/am5t1 s mu* diff]5t f ! vulg>1 
by 8 apo/olick lett] & bull8 ,sid5ote3  
,sixtus ,s55s4 ,t ! same ,leo exhort$   
,pagn9e to translate ! :ole ,bible1 &   
b>e :atsoev] *>ges 0 necess>y = ! "w8   
,surely1 z ! apo/le reasone? to !       
,hebrews1 ,sid5ote3 ,heb4 #g4 #aa4  #h4 
#g4 t if ! =m] ,law & ,te/am5t _h be5   
suffici5t1 !re _h be5 no ne$ ( ! latt]3 
s we may say1 t if ! old vulg> _h be5 at
 all po9ts all[able1 to small purpose _h
 lab\r & *>ges be5 und]gone ab\t fram+ (
 a new4 ,if !y say1 x 0 "o ,pope's      

private op9ion1 & t he consult$ only    
himself2 !n we are able to g fur!r ) !m1
 & to av]1 t m ( _! *ief m5 ( all sorts1
 ev5 _! own ,tr5t *ampions1 ,paiva &    
,vega1 & _! own inquisitor ,hi]onymus ab
 ,olea/ro1 & _! own ,bi%op ,isidorus    
,cl>ius1 & _! own ,c>d9al ,?omas a vio  
,cajetan1 d ei!r make new translations  
!mselves1 or foll[ new ones ( o!r m5's  
mak+1 or note ! vulg> int]pret] = halt+1
 none ( !m fe> to diss5t f him1 nor yet 
to except aga9/ him4 ,& call !y ?is an  
uni=m t5or ( text & judgm5t ab\t ! text1
 s _m ( _! wor?ies disclaim+ ! n[       
receiv$ conceit8 ,nay1 we w yet come    
ne>] ! quick4 ,sid5ote3 ,sixtus #e4     
,prf4 fixa bibliis4 ,do? n _! ,p>is     
edition diff] f ! ,lova91 & ,h5t5ius's f
 !m bo?1 & yet all ( !m all[$ by        
au?ority8 ,nay1 do? n ,sixtus ,qu9tus   
confess1 t c]ta9 ,ca?olicks 7he meane?  
c]ta9 ( 8 own side7 7 9 su* an hum\r (  
translat+ ! ,scriptures into ,lat91 t   
,satan tak+ occasion by !m1 ?\gh !y     
?\ght ( no su* matt]1 did /rive :at he  

c\ld1 out ( s unc]ta9 & manifold a      
v>iety ( translations1 s to m+le all    
?+s1 t no?+ might seem to be left c]ta9 
& firm 9 !m1 c48 ,nay fur!r1 did n !    
same ,sixtus orda9 by an inviolable     
decree1 & t ) ! c\nsel & cons5t ( 8     
,c>d9als1 t ! ,lat9 edition ( ! ,old &  
,new ,te/am5t1 :i* ! c\ncil ( ,tr5t w\ld
 h to be au!ntick1 is ! same )\t        
controv]sy :i* he !n set =?1 be+        
dilig5tly correct$ & pr9t$ 9 ! pr9t+h\se
 ( ,vatican8 ,?us ,sixtus 9 8 preface   
be=e 8 ,bible4 ,& yet ,clem5t ! ,eigh?1 
8 imm$iate successor to acc\nt (1       
publi%e? ano!r edition ( ! ,bible1      
conta9+ 9 x inf9ite diff]5ces f t (     
,sixtus1 & _m ( !m weighty & mat]ial2 & 
yet ?is mu/ be au!ntick by all means4   
,:at is to h ! fai? ( our glori\s ,"l   
,jesus ,*ri/ ) yea & nay1 if ?is be n8  
,aga91 :at is sweet h>mony & cons5t1 if 
?is be8 ,!re=e1 z ,dem>atus ( ,cor9?    
advis$ a great ,k+1 be=e he talk$ ( !   
diss5sions among ! ,grecians1 to compose
 8 dome/ick broils2 7= at t "t 8 que5 & 

8 son & heir 7 at deadly feud ) him7 s  
all ! :ile t our adv]s>ies d make s _m &
 s v>i\s editions !mselves1 & d j> s mu*
 ab\t ! wor? & au?ority ( !m1 !y c ) no 
%ew ( equity *all5ge u = *ang+ &        
correct+4  ,sid5ote3 ,! purpose ( !     
,translators1 ) _! numb]1 furniture1    
c>e1 c4 ,b x is high "t to leave !m1 &  
to %ew 9 brief :at we propos$ to        
ourselves1 & :at c\rse we held1 9 ?is   
our p]usal & survey ( ! ,bible4 ,truly1 
good ,*ri/ian ,read]1 we nev] ?\ght f ! 
beg9n+ t we %\ld ne$ to make a new      
translation1 nor yet to make ( a bad "o 
a good "o3 7= !n ! imputation ( ,sixtus 
_h be5 true 9 "s sort1 t our p _h be5 f$
 ) gall ( dragons in/ead ( w9e1 ) :eal  
in/ead ( milk27 b to make a good "o     
bett]1 or out ( _m good ones "o pr9cipal
 good "o1 n ju/ly to be except$ aga9/2 t
 ha? be5 our endeav\r1 t our m>k4 ,to t 
purpose !re 7 _m *os51 t 7 great] 9 o!r 
m5's eyes ?an 9 _! own1 & t s\ght ! tru?
 r ?an _! own praise4 ,aga91 !y came1 or
 7 ?\ght to come1 to ! "w1 n ex]c5di    

causa1 7z "o sai?17 b ex]citati1 t is1  
le>n$ n to le>n2 = ! *ief ov]se] &  "u 8
 ,maje/y1 to :om n only we1 b also our  
:ole ,*ur* 0 mu* b\nd1 knew by 8 wisdom1
 :i* ?+ only ,nazianz5 taught s long    
ago1 ,sid5ote3 ,nazianz4  '1  4 ,idem 9 
,apologet4 t x is a prepo/]\s ord] to   
tea* fir/ & to le>n aft]2 t      to le>n
 & practise toge!r1 is nei!r comm5dable 
= ! workman1 nor safe = ! "w4 ,!re=e su*
 7 ?\ght ^u1 z c\ld say mode/ly ) ,/4   
,hi]ome1 ,et ,hebrum s]monem ex p>te    
didicimus1 et 9 ,lat9o p5e ab ipsis     
incunabulis1 c41 detriti sumus2 ,bo? we 
h le>n$ ! ,hebrew tongue 9 "p1 & 9 !    
,lat9 we h be5 ex]cis$ almo/ f our v    
cradle4 ,/4 ,hi]ome make? no m5tion ( ! 
,greek tongue1 :]e9 yet he did excel2   
because he translat$ n ! ,old ,te/am5t  
out ( ,greek1 b out ( ,hebrew4 ,& 9 :at 
sort did ^! assemble8 ,9 ! tru/ ( _! own
 k1 or ( _! %>pness ( wit1 or deepness (
 judgm5t1 z x 7 9 an arm ( fle%8 ,at no 
h&4 ,!y tru/$ 9 him t ha? ! key (       
,david1 op5+1 & no man %utt+2 !y pray$  

to ! ,"l1 ! ,fa!r ( our ,"l1 to ! effect
 t ,/4 ,augu/9e did3 ,sid5ote3 ,/4      
,augu/4 lib4 #aa4 ,confess4 cap4 #b4 ,o 
let ?y ,scriptures be my pure delight2  
let me n be deceiv$ 9 !m1 nei!r let me  
deceive by !m4 ,9 ?is confid5ce1 & ) ?is
 devotion1 did !y assemble toge!r2 n too
 _m1 le/ "o %\ld tr\ble ano!r2 & yet _m1
 le/ _m ?+s haply might escape !m4 ,if y
 ask :at !y _h be=e !m2 truly x 0 !     
,hebrew text ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 ! ,greek
 ( ! ,new4 ,^! are ! two gold5 pipes1 or
 r conduits1 :]e?r\gh ! olivebran*es    
empty !mselves into ! gold4 ,sid5ote3   
,/4 ,aug4 #c4 ,de doctr4 cap4 #c41 c4   
,/4 ,hi]on4 ad ,suniam et ,fretel4 ,/4  
,hi]on4 ad ,luc9ium1 ,di/ #i4 ,ut       
vet]um4 ,/4 ,augu/9e calle? !m prec$5t1 
or orig9al1 tongues2 ,/4 ,hi]ome1       
f\nta9s4 ,! same ,/4 ,hi]ome affirme?1 &
 ,gratian ha? n sp>$ to put x into 8    
decree1 ,t z ! cr$it ( ! old books 7he  
meane? ( ! ,old ,te/am5t7 is to be tri$ 
by ! ,hebrew volumes2 s ( ! new by !    
,greek tongue1 he meane? by ! orig9al   

,greek4 ,if tru? be to be tri$ by ^!    
tongues1 !n :5ce %\ld a translation be  
made1 b out ( !m8 ,^! tongues !re=e 7!  
,scriptures1 we say1 9 ^? tongues7 we   
set be=e u to translate1 be+ ! tongues  
:]e9 ,god 0 pleas$ to speak to 8 ,*ur*  
by 8 ,prophets & ,apo/les4 ,sid5ote3    
,joseph4 ,antiq4 lib4 #ab4 ,nei!r did we
 run ov] ! "w ) t po/+ ha/e t !         
,septuag9t did1 if t be true :i* is     
report$ ( !m1 t !y f9i%$ x 9 sev5ty-two 
days2 nei!r 7 we b>r$ or h9d]$ f go+ ov]
 x aga91 hav+ once done x1 l ,/4        
,hi]ome1 ,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,hi]on4 ad       
,pamma*4 pro lib4 adv]s4 ,jov9ian4 4 if 
t be true :i* himself reporte?1 t he    
c\ld no soon] write any?+1 b pres5tly x 
0 caught f him1 & publi%$1 & he c\ld n h
 leave to m5d x2 nei!r1 to be %ort1 7 we
 ! fir/ t fell 9 h& ) translat+ !       
,scripture into ,engli%1 & consequ5tly  
de/itute ( =m] helps1 z x is writt5 (   
,orig51 t he 0 ! fir/ 9 a mann]1 t put 8
 h& to write comm5t>ies ^u !            
,scriptures1 & !re=e no m>vel if he     

ov]%ot himself _m times4 ,none ( ^! ?+s3
 ,! "w ha? n be5 huddl$ up 9 sev5ty-two 
days1 b ha? co/ ! workm51 z light z x   
seeme?1 ! pa9s ( twice sev5 times       
sev5ty-two days1 & m4 ,matt]s ( su*     
weight & consequ5ce are to be spe$$ )   
maturity3 = 9 a bus9ess ( mom5t a man   
fe>e? n ! blame ( conv5i5t slackness4   
,nei!r did we ?9k mu* to consult !      
translators or comm5tators1 ,sid5ote3   
'   1 ,sophocl4 9 ,elect4 ,*aldee1      
,hebrew1 ,syrian1 ,greek1 or ,lat92 no1 
nor ! ,spani%1 ,fr5*1 ,italian1 or      
,dut*2 nei!r did we disda9 to revise t  
:i* we _h done1 & to br+ back to ! anvil
 t :i* we _h hamm]$3 b hav+ & us+ z     
great helps z 7 ne$ful1 & fe>+ no       
reproa* = sl[ness1 nor covet+ praise =  
exp$ition1 we h at l5g?1 ?r\gh ! good h&
 ( ! ,"l ^u u1 br\ght ! "w to t pass t y
 see4  ,sid5ote3 ,reasons mov+ u to set 
div]sity ( s5ses 9 ! m>g91 :]e !re is   
great probability = ea*4    4 ,"s       
p]adv5ture w\ld h no v>iety ( s5ses to  
be set 9 ! m>g91 le/ ! au?ority ( !     

,scriptures = decid+ ( controv]sies by t
 %ew ( unc]ta9ty %\ld some:at be %ak54  
,b we hold _! judgm5t n to be s s\nd 9  
?is po9t4 ,= ?\gh :atsoev] ?+s are      
necess>y are manife/1 z ,/4 ,*ryso/ome  
sai?2 ,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,*ryso/4 9 #b ,!ss4 
cap4 #b4 ,/4 ,aug4 #b4 ,de doctr4 ,*ri/1
 c4 #i4 &1 z ,/4 ,augu/9e1 9 ^? ?+s t   
are pla9ly set d[n 9 ! ,scriptures all  
su* matt]s are f\nd1 t conc]n fai?1     
hope1 & *>ity3 ,yet = all t x _c be     
dissembl$1 t p>tly to ex]cise & :et our 
wits1 p>tly to wean ! curi\s f lo?+ ( !m
 = _! e :]e pla9ness1 p>tly also to /ir 
up our devotion to crave ! assi/ance (  
,god's ,_s by pray]1 & la/ly1 t we might
 be =w>d to seek aid ( our bre?r5 by    
conf]5ce1 & nev] scorn ^? t be n 9 all  
respects s complete z !y %\ld be1 be+ to
 seek 9 _m ?+s1 ourselves1 x ha? pleas$ 
,god 9 8 ,div9e ,provid5ce "h & !re to  
scatt] words & s5t5ces ( t difficulty & 
d\btfulness1 n 9 doctr9al po9ts t conc]n
 salvation1 7= 9 su* x ha? be5 v\*$ t ! 
,scriptures are pla917 b 9 matt]s ( less

 mom5t1 t fe>fulness w\ld bett] beseem u
 ?an confid5ce1 & if we w resolve1 to   
resolve ^u mode/y ) ,/4 ,augu/9e1       
,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,augu/4 lib4 #h4 ,de ,g54 
ad lit]4 cap4 #e4 7?\gh n 9 ?is same    
case altoge!r1 yet ^u ! same gr\nd17    
,melius e/ dubit>e de occultis1 quam    
litig>e de inc]tis3 ,x is bett] to make 
d\bt ( ^? ?+s :i* are secret1 ?an to    
/rive ab\t ^? ?+s t are unc]ta94        
,sid5ote3  4 ,!re be _m words 9 !       
,scriptures1 :i* be nev] f\nd !re b     
once1 7hav+ nei!r bro!r nor neighb\r1 z 
! ,hebrews speak17 s t we _c be holp5 by
 conf]5ce ( places4 ,aga91 !re be _m r>e
 names ( c]ta9 birds1 bea/s1 & preci\s  
/ones1 c4 conc]n+ :i* ! ,hebrews        
!mselves are s divid$ among !mselves =  
judgm5t1 t !y may seem to h def9$ ?is or
 t1 r because !y w\ld say some?+1 ?an   
because !y 7 sure ( t :i* !y said1      
,sid5ote3 ,hi]4 9 ,ezek4 cap4 #c4 z ,/4 
,hi]ome some:]e sai? ( ! ,septuag9t4 ,n[
 9 su* a case do? n a m>g9 d well to    
admoni% ! ,read] to seek fur!r1 & n to  

conclude or dogmatize ^u ?is or t       
p]emptorily8 ,= z x is a fault (        
incr$ulity1 to d\bt ( ^? ?+s t are      
evid5t2 s to det]m9e ( su* ?+s z ! ,_s (
 ,god ha? left 7ev5 9 ! judgm5t ( !     
judici\s7 que/ionable1 c be no less ?an 
presumption4 ,sid5ote3 ,/4 ,aug4 #b4 ,de
 doctr4 ,*ri/4 c4 #a4 ,!re=e z ,/4      
,augu/9e sai?1 t v>iety ( translations  
is pr(itable = ! f9d+ out ( ! s5se ( !  
,scriptures3 s div]sity ( signification 
& s5se 9 ! m>g91 :]e ! text is n s cle>1
 mu/ ne$s d good2 yea1 is necess>y1 z we
 are p]suad$4 ,sid5ote3 ,sixtus #e4     
,prf4 ,bibl4 ,we "k t ,sixtus ,qu9tus   
expressly =bidde? t any v>iety ( read+s 
( _! vulg> edition %\ld be put 9 ! m>g92
 7:i* ?\gh x be n altoge!r ! same ?+ to 
t we h 9 h&1 yet x looke? t way27 b we  
?9k he ha? n all ( 8 own side 8 fav\r]s 
= ?is conceit4 ,!y t are wise _h r h _! 
judgm5ts at lib]ty 9 diff]5ces ( read+s1
 ?an to be captivat$ to "o1 :5 x may be 
! o!r4 ,sid5ote3 ,plat4 9 ,paulo        
secundo4 ,if !y 7 sure t _! high prie/  

_h all laws %ut up 9 8 brea/1 z ,paul ! 
,second bragg$1 & t he 7 z free f error 
by special privilege1 z ! dictators (   
,rome 7 made by law inviolable1 x 7     
ano!r matt]2 !n 8 ^w 7 an oracle1 8     
op9ion a decision4 ,sid5ote3   '   4 ,b 
! eyes ( ! _w are n[ op51 ,god be ?ank$1
 & h be5 a great :ile2 !y f9d t he is   
subject to ! same affections &          
infirmities t o!rs be1 t 8 body is      
subject to w\nds2 & !re=e s mu* z he    
prove?1 n z mu* z he claime?1 !y grant &
 embrace4  ,sid5ote3 ,reasons induc+ u n
 to /& curi\sly ^u an id5tity ( phras+4 
,ano!r ?+ we ?9k good to admoni% !e (1  
g5tle ,read]1 t we h n ti$ ourselves to 
an uni=mity ( phras+1 or to an id5tity (
 words1 z "s p]adv5ture w\ld wi% t we _h
 done1 because !y obs]ve1 t "s le>n$ m5 
some:]e h be5 z exact z !y c\ld t way4  
,truly1 t we might n v>y f ! s5se ( t   
:i* we _h translat$ be=e1 if ! ^w       
signifi$ ! same ?+ 9 bo? places1        
,sid5ote3 4 7= !re be "s words t be n ( 
! same s5se e :]e17 we 7 especially     

c>eful1 & made a consci5ce1 accord+ to  
our duty4 ,b t we %\ld express ! same   
notion 9 ! same p>ticul> ^w2 z =        
example1 if we translate ! ,hebrew or   
,greek ^w once by purpose1 nev] to call 
x int5t2 if "o :]e j\rney+1 nev]        
travell+2 if "o :]e ?9k1 nev] suppose2  
if "o :]e pa91 nev] a*e2 if "o :]e joy1 
nev] gladness1 c4 ?us to m9ce ! matt]1  
we ?\ght to sav\r m ( curiosity ?an     
wisdom1 & t r x w\ld bre$ scorn 9 !     
a!i/1 ?an br+ pr(it to ! godly read]4 ,=
 is ! k+dom ( ,god become words or      
syllables8 ,:y %\ld we be 9 bondage to  
!m1 if we may be free8 use "o precisely1
 :5 we may use ano!r no less fit z      
commodi\sly8 ,sid5ote3 ,ab$4 ,niceph4   
,cali/4 lib4 #h4 cap4 #db4 ,/4 ,hi]on4 9
 #d ,jon4 ,see ,/4 ,aug4 ,epi/4 #aj4 ,a 
godly ,fa!r 9 ! primitive "t %ew$       
himself greatly mov$1 t "o (            
newfangl$ness call$ 1 1 ?\gh ! diff]5ce 
be little or none2 & ano!r reporte?1 t  
he 0 mu* abus$ = turn+ cucurbita 7to :i*
 read+ ! p _h be5 us$7 into h$]a4 ,n[ if

 ?is happ5 9 bett] times1 & ^u s small  
occasions1 we might ju/ly fe> h>d       
c5sure1 if g5]ally we %\ld make v]bal & 
unnecess>y *ang+s4 ,we might also be    
*>g$ 7by sc(f]s7 ) "s unequal deal+     
t[>ds a great numb] ( good ,engli%      
words4 ,= z x is writt5 ( a c]ta9 great 
,philosoph]1 t he %\ld say1 t ^? logs 7 
happy t 7 made images to be wor%ipp$2 = 
_! fell[s1 z good z !y1 lay = blocks    
beh9d ! fire3 s if we %\ld say1 z x 71  
unto c]ta9 words1 ,/& up high]1 h a     
place 9 ! ,bible always2 & to o!rs ( l  
quality1 ,get y h5ce1 be bani%$ = ev]2  
we might be tax$ p]adv5ture ) ,/4       
,james's words1 namely1 ,to be p>tial 9 
ourselves1 & judges ( evil ?\ghts4      
,sid5ote3 4     4 ,see ,euseb4 4 lib4   
#b4 ex ,plat4 ,add h]eunto1 t nic5ess 9 
words 0 always c\nt$ ! next /ep to      
trifl+2 & s 0 to be curi\s ab\t names   
too3 also t we _c foll[ a bett] patt]n =
 elocution ?an ,god himself2 !re=e he   
us+ div]s words 9 8 holy writ1 &        
indiff]5tly = "o ?+ 9 nature3 we1 if we 

w n be sup]/iti\s1 may use ! same lib]ty
 9 our ,engli% v]sions out ( ,hebrew &  
,greek1 = t copy or /ore t he ha? giv5  
u4 ,la/ly1 we h on ! "o side avoid$ !   
scrupulosity ( ! ,puritanes1 :o leave ! 
old ,ecclesia/ical words1 & betake !m to
 o!r1 z :5 !y put wa%+ = baptism1 &     
congregation in/ead ( ,*ur*3 z also on !
 o!r side we h %unn$ ! obscurity ( !    
,papi/s1 9 _! azymes1 tunike1 rational1 
holocau/s1 prepuce1 pas*e1 & a numb] (  
su* l1 :]e( _! late translation is full1
 & t ( purpose to d>k5 ! s5se1 t s9ce !y
 mu/ ne$s translate ! ,bible1 yet by !  
language !re( x may be kept f be+       
und]/ood4 ,b we desire t ! ,scripture   
may speak l itself1 z 9 ! language (    
,canaan1 t x may be und]/ood ev5 ( ! v  
vulg>4  ,_m o!r ?+s we might give !e    
w>n+ (1 g5tle ,read]1 if we _h n exce$$ 
! measure ( a preface already4 ,x       
rema9e? t we comm5d !e to ,god1 & to !  
,_s ( 8 grace1 :i* is able to build     
fur!r ?an we c ask or ?9k4 ,he remove? !
 scales f our eyes1 ! vail f our he>ts1 

op5+ our wits t we may und]/& 8 ^w1     
enl>g+ our he>ts1 yea1 correct+ our     
affections1 t we may love x above gold &
 silv]1 yea1 t we may love x to ! end4  
,sid5ote3 ,g54 #bf4 #ae4 ,ye are br\ght 
unto f\nta9s ( liv+ wat] :i* ye digg$ n2
 d n ca/ e>? into !m1 ) ! ,phili/9es1   
nei!r pref] brok5 pits be=e !m1 ) !     
wick$ ,jews4 ,sid5ote3 ,j]4 #b4 #ac4    
,o!rs h lab\r$1 & y may ent] into _!    
lab\rs4 ,o receive n s great ?+s 9 va93 
,o despise n s great salvation4 ,be n l 
sw9e to tread "u foot s preci\s ?+s1    
nei!r yet l dogs to te> & abuse holy    
?+s4 ,say n to our ,savi\r ) !          
,g]gesites1 ,sid5ote3 ,matt4 #h4 #ce4   
,heb4 #ab4 #af4 ,dep>t out ( our coa/s2 
nei!r ) ,esau sell y\r bir?right = a    
mess ( pottage4 ,if light be come into !
 _w1 love n d>kness m ?an light3 if     
food1 if clo?+1 be (f]$1 g n nak$1 />ve 
n y\rselves4 ,sid5ote3 ,nazianz4   4   1
    4 ,rememb] ! advice ( ,nazianz5e1 ,x
 is a griev\s ?+ 7or dang]\s7 to neglect
 a great fair1 & to seek to make m>kets 

aft]w>ds3 also ! enc\ragem5t ( ,/4      
,*ryso/ome1 ,x is altoge!r impossible1 t
 he t is sob] 7& wat*ful7 %\ld at any "t
 be neglect$3 la/ly1 ! admonition &     
m5anc+ ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,!y t despise    
,god's w invit+ !m %all feel ,god's w   
tak+ v5geance ( !m4 ,sid5ote3 ,/4       
,*ryso/4 9 ,epi/4 ad ,rom4 c4 #ad4 ,x is
 a fe>ful ?+ to fall into ! h&s ( ! liv+
 ,god2 ,sid5ote3 orat4 #bf4 9 4 1  4 b a
 bless$ ?+ x is1 & w br+ u to ev]la/+   
bless$ness 9 ! end1 :5 ,god speake? unto
 u1 to he>k52 :5 he sette? 8 ^w be=e u1 
to read x2 :5 he /ret*e? out 8 h& &     
calle?1 to answ]1 ,"h am ,i1 "h we are  
to d ?y w1 ,o ,god4 ,sid5ote3 ,/4       
,augu/1 ad artic4 sibi falso object4    
,art4 #af4 ,heb4 #aj4 #ca4 ,! ,"l "w a  
c>e & consci5ce 9 u to "k him & s]ve    
him1 t we may be ackn[l$g$ ( him at !   
appe>+ ( our ,"l ,,jesus ,,*ri/1 to :om 
) ! ,holy ,gho/ be all praise &         
?anksgiv+4 ,am54     7,g47  ,,!         
,,revis]s ,,( ,a4,d4 #aefh4   ,! twelve 
bi%ops :o are m5tion$ z tak+ "p )       

,ar*bi%op ,p>k] 9 ?is revision1 are3    
,william ,alley1 ,bi%op ( ,exet]4       
,william ,b>l[1 ,bi%op ( ,*i*e/]4       
,?omas ,b5?am1 ,bi%op ( ,cov5try &      
,li*field4      ,ni*olas ,bull+ham1     
,bi%op ( ,l9coln4      ,ri*>d ,cox1     
,bi%op ( ,ely4      ,ri*>d ,davies1     
,bi%op ( ,/4 ,davids 7,m5ev5sis74       
,edmund ,gr9dal1 ,bi%op ( ,london4      
,edmund ,gue/ 7or ,ge/e71 ,bi%op (      
,ro*e/]4      ,rob]t ,horne1 ,bi%op (   
,w9*e/]4      ,john ,p>khur/1 ,bi%op (  
,norwi*4      ,edw9 ,s&ys1 ,bi%op (     
,worce/]4      ,edmund ,scambl]1 ,bi%op 
( ,pet]bor\gh4  ,! o!r *ur* dignit>ies  
:o are m5tion$ are3      ,&rew ,pe>son1 
,canon ( ,cant]bury4      ,&rew ,p]ne1  
,preb5d>y ( ,ely4      ,?omas ,beacon1  
,preb5d>y ( ,cant]bury4      ,gabriel   
,goodman1 ,dean ( ,we/m9/]4  ,at ! end (
 sixte5 ( ! books are plac$ initials1   
:i* are evid5tly ^? ( ! revis]s4 ,^!1 ) 
m or less ( c]ta9ty1 h be5 id5tifi$ )   
names giv5 9 ! above li/4#adg ,!y are z 
foll[s1 & 9 ! foll[+ ord]3              

,deut]onomy   ,w4 ,e4      ,bi%op (     
,exet]4   #b ,samuel      ,r4 ,m4       
,bi%op ( ,/4 ,davids4   #b ,*ronicles   
,e4 ,w4      ,bi%op ( ,worce/]4   ,job  
,a4 ,p4 ,c  ,&rew ,pe>son4   ,psalms#adh
   ,t4 ,b4      ,?omas ,beacon4         
,prov]bs      ,a4 ,p4 ,c  ,&rew ,pe>son4
   ,canticles     ,a4 ,p4 ,e  ,&rew     
,p]ne4   ,lam5tations  ,r4 ,w4          
,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]4   ,daniel        ,t4  
,c4,l4    ,bi%op ( ,cov5try & ,li*field4
   ,mala*i       ,e4 ,l4      ,bi%op (  
,london4   ,wisdom        ,w4 ,c4       
,bi%op ( ,*i*e/]4   #b ,maccabees   ,j4 
,n4      ,bi%op ( ,norwi*4   ,acts      
,r4 ,e4      ,bi%op ( ,ely4   ,romans   
,r4 ,e4      ,bi%op ( ,ely4   #a        
,cor9?ians ,g4 ,g4      ,gabriel        
,goodman4  ,f a li/ ( ! revis]s1 enclos$
 9 a lett] f ,p>k] to ,cecil1 dat$      
,octob] #e?1 #aefh1 & n[ 9 ! ,/ate ,pap]
 ,(fice1 we may fur!r ga!r t ! ,ca?olic 
,epi/les & ! ,apocalypse 7 revis$ by    
,bi%op ,bull+ham1 ! ,gospels ( ,luke &  
,john by ,bi%op ,scambl]1 & t ! portions

 und]tak5 by ,p>k] himself 7 ,g5esis1   
,exodus1 ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 & ! ,epi/les f #b
 ,cor9?ians to ,hebrews inclusive4#adi  
7,h47  ,,! ,,revis]s ,,( #afaa4   ,9 !  
collection ( ,records app5d$ to !       
,second ,"p ( ,bi%op ,burnet's ,hi/ory (
 ! ,re=mation ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 !re is
 giv5 a li/ ( ! ,revis]s ( #afaa1 copi$1
 z ! writ] tells u1#aej f ! pap] (      
,bi%op ,ravis himself1 "o ( ! numb]4 ,! 
li/ is ?us giv53#aea      ,,we/m9/]     
7#a74 ,mr4 ,dean ( ,we/m9/]1 ,mr4 ,dean 
( ,pauls1 ,mr4     ,doctor ,s>avia1 ,mr4
 ,doctor ,cl>k1 ,mr4 ,doctor ,leifield1 
,mr4 ,doctor     ,teigh1 ,mr4 ,burleigh1
 ,mr4 ,k+1 ,mr4 ,tompson1 ,mr4          
,beadwell4      ,,cambridge 7#a74 ,mr4  
,livelye1 ,mr4 ,ri*>dson1 ,mr4          
,*att]ton1 ,mr4     ,dill+ham1 ,mr4     
,h>rison1 ,mr4 ,&rews1 ,mr4 ,spald+1    
,mr4 ,burge4      ,,ox=d 7#a74 ,doctor  
,h>d+1 ,dr4 ,reynolds1 ,dr4 ,holl&1 ,dr4
 ,kilbye1 ,mr4     ,smi?1 ,mr4 ,brett1  
,mr4 ,faircl\gh4      ,,cambridge 7#b74 
,doctor ,dewport1 ,dr4 ,bran?wait1 ,dr4 

,radclife1 ,mr4 ,w>d     7,eman471 ,mr4 
,d[nes1 ,mr4 ,boyes1 ,mr4 ,w>de 7,reg474
      ,,ox=d 7#b74 ,mr4 ,dean (         
,*ri/*ur*1 ,mr4 ,dean ( ,w9*e/]1 ,mr4   
,dean     ( ,worce/]1 ,mr4 ,dean (      
,w9dsor1 ,mr4 ,sairle1 ,dr4 ,p]ne1 ,dr4 
,rav5s1     ,mr4 ,hav9]4#aeb            
,,we/m9/] 7#b74 ,dean ( ,*e/]1 ,dr4     
,hut*9son1 ,dr4 ,sp5c]1 ,mr4     ,f5ton1
 ,mr4 ,rabbet1 ,mr4 ,s&]son1 ,mr4       
,dak9s4  ,"s diff]5ce ( op9ion has exi/$
 9 ref]5ce to ! date ( ?is docum5t4 ,its
 date is det]m9$ )9 comp>atively n>r[   
limits by int]nal evid5ce4  ,! writ]1   
,dr4 ,ravis1 describes himself z ,dean (
 ,*ri/ ,*ur*2 x mu/ !re=e h be5 writt5  
be=e ,m>* #ai1 #afje1 :5 he 0 consecrat$
 ,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/]4 ,he also ref]s to ! 
,dean ( ,worce/] 7,dr4 ,e$es71 :o di$   
,novemb]1 #afjd1 & h5ce he may be assum$
 to h writt5 be=e t date also4 ,!       
difficulty is t he describes ,dr4 ,b>l[1
 :o is kn[n to h tak5 "p 9 ! "w1 z ,dean
 ( ,*e/]1 & x mu/ !re=e h be5 writt5    
aft] ,b>l['s appo9tm5t ( ?is (fice4 ,?is

 appo9tm5t1 z /at$ by ,c>dwell1 took    
place 9 ,decemb]1 #afjd2aec b !         
correctness ( t date is op5 to "s       
d\bt4#aed  ,! names conta9$ 9 ! above   
giv5 li/ h1 ) "s few exceptions1 be5    
satisfactorily id5tifi$2 namely1 z      
foll[s3   ,,fir/ ,,we/m9/] ,,company4   
,dr4 ,launcelot ,&rews1 ,dean (         
,we/m9/]4#aee      ,dr4 ,john ,ov]all1  
,dean ( ,/4 ,paul's4#aef      ,dr4      
,adrian de ,s>avia4      ,dr4 ,ri*>d    
,cl>k1 ,fell[ ( ,*ri/'s ,college1       
,cambridge4      ,dr4 ,john ,layfield1  
,fell[ ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4  
,dr4 ,rob]t ,tighe1 ,vic> ( ,all        
,hall[s1 ,b>k+4      ,dr4 ,francis      
,burley1 ,fell[ ( ,k+ ,james's ,college1
 ,*elsea4      ,mr4 ,ge(fry ,k+1 ,fell[ 
( ,k+'s ,college1 ,cambridge4#aeg       
,mr4 ,ri*>d ,?omson1 ,cl>e ,hall1       
,cambridge4      ,mr4 ,william ,b$well1 
,vic> ( ,tott5ham4   ,,fir/ ,,cambridge 
,,company4      ,mr4 ,edw>d ,lively1#aeh
 ,regius ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1           
,cambridge4      ,mr4 ,john             

,ri*>dson1#aei ,fell[ ( ,emmanuel       
,college1 ,cambridge4      ,mr4 ,laur5ce
 ,*ad]ton1 ,ma/] ( ,emmanuel ,college1  
,cambridge4      ,mr4 ,f4 ,dill+ham1    
,fell[ ( ,*ri/'s ,college1 ,cambridge4  
,mr4 ,?omas ,h>rison1 ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity  
,college1 ,cambridge4      ,mr4 ,rog]   
,&rews4#afj      ,mr4 ,rob]t            
,spald+1#afa ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's       
,college1 ,cambridge4      ,mr4 ,&rew   
,byng1 ,fell[ ( ,pet] ,h\se4   ,,fir/   
,,ox=d ,,company4      ,dr4 ,john ,h>d+1
 ,regius ,pr(essor ( ,hebrew1 &         
,presid5t (     ,magdal54      ,dr4     
,john ,ra9olds1 ,presid5t ( ,corpus     
,*ri/i ,college4      ,dr4 ,?omas       
,holl&1#afb ,regius ,pr(essor (         
,div9ity4      ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,kilbye1     
,rector ( ,l9coln ,college1 ,ox=d4      
,dr4 ,miles ,smi?1#afc ,bras5ose        
,college1 ,ox=d4      ,dr4 ,ri*>d       
,brett1 ,fell[ ( ,l9coln ,college1      
,ox=d4      ,mr4 ,ri*>d ,faircl\gh1     
,fell[ ( ,new ,college1 ,ox=d4   ,,!    
,,second ,,cambridge ,,company4         

,dr4 ,john ,duport1 ,ma/] ( ,jesus      
,college4      ,dr4 ,william            
,bran?waite1 ,ma/] ( ,caius ,college4   
,dr4 ,j]emiah ,radcliffe1 ,fell[ (      
,tr9ity ,college4      ,mr4 ,samuel     
,w>d1 ,fell[ ( ,emmanuel ,college4#afd  
,mr4 ,&rew ,d[nes1 ,regius ,pr(essor (  
,greek4      ,mr4 ,john ,bois1 ,fell[ ( 
,/4 ,john's1 & ,rector ( ,boxwor?4      
,mr4 ,w>d1 ,fell[ ( ,k+'s ,college4#afe 
,,! ,,second ,,ox=d ,,company4      ,dr4
 ,?omas ,ravis1 ,dean ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*4#aff
      ,dr4 ,george ,abbot1 ,dean (      
,w9*e/]4#afg      ,dr4 ,ri*>d ,e$es1    
,dean ( ,worce/]4#afh      ,dr4 ,giles  
,?omson1 ,dean ( ,w9dsor4      ,mr4     
,h5ry ,saville1#afi ,w>d5 ( ,m]ton &    
,provo/ ( ,eton4      ,dr4 ,john ,p]91  
,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's ,college4      ,dr4
 ,ralph ,rav5s1 ,fell[ ( ,/4 ,john's    
,college4      ,dr4 ,john ,h>m]1 ,regius
 ,pr(essor ( ,greek4  ,to ^!1 ,wood1 :o 
does n m5tion ! names ( ei!r ,e$es or   
,rav5s1 9 ! li/ giv5 9 8 ,hi/ory ( !    
,univ]sity ( ,ox=d1 adds ! foll[+ two2  

!y 7 probably appo9t$ to take ! places (
 "s remov$ by dea?3      ,dr4 ,john     
,aglionby1#agj ,pr9cipal ( ,edmunds     
,hall4      ,dr4 ,leon>d ,hutt51#aga    
,canon ( ,*ri/ ,*ur*4   ,,! ,,second    
,,we/m9/] ,,company4      ,dr4 ,william 
,b>l[1 ,dean ( ,*e/]4      ,dr4         
,hut*9son4 787      ,dr4 ,john ,sp5s]1  
,*apla9 to ,k+ ,james4#agb      ,mr4    
,rog] ,f5ton1 ,pembroke ,hall1 ,ox=d4   
,mr4 ,mi*ael ,rabbett1 ,rector ( ,/4    
,v$a/1 ,fo/] ,lane4      ,mr4 ,?omas    
,s&]son1 ,rector ( ,all ,hall[s4        
,mr4 ,william ,dak9s1 ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity  
,college1 ,cambridge4     ,,note ,,to   
,,page #aag4   ,,dean ,,/anley          
7,hi/orical ,memorials ( ,we/m9/]       
,abbey1 p4 #ddj7 /ates g5]ally t !      
,assembly ( ,div9es remov$ f ,h5ry      
,,vii4's ,*apel to ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] at
 ! end ( ,septemb]4 ,! exact date is1 z 
/at$ 9 ! text1 ,octob] #bnd4 ,9 !       
,m9utes ( ! ,sessions ( ! ,assembly1    
pres]v$ 9 ,dr4 ,williams's ,libr>y1 !re 
occurs at ! close ( ! sixty-fif? session

 ! entry1 8,adj\rn$ to ! ,hi]usalem     
,*amb] on ,monday1 at t5 o'clock10 & !  
foll[+ session1 ! sixty-six?1 is dat$   
,monday1 ,octob] #bnd4 ,! p]mission to  
adj\rn to ! ,j]usalem ,*amb] f ,h5ry    
,,vii4's ,*apel1 8on acc\nt ( ! coldness
 ( ! said *apel10 0 grant$ by ,p>liam5t 
on ,septemb] #ba/1 #afdc4     ,,index4  
,a4    ,abbot1 ,dr4 ,ezra1 #aae         
lfric's ,heptateu*1 #ab1 #ac    ,aik51  
,dr4 ,c4 ,a41 #aae    ,a9swor?1 ,h41 8  
,comm5t>ies1 #aja    ,aldhelm1 ,bi%op ( 
,%]borne1 #aa    ,alex&]1 ,dr4 ,w4 ,l41 
#aji    ,alex&r9e ,manuscript1 #hc      
,al=d1 ,dean1 #ajd1 #ajg1 #aaj1 #aab1   
#abe    ,alfr$1 ,k+1 #ab    ,all51      
,ar*deacon1 #ajg    ,&rews1 ,dr4        
,launcelot1 #da    ,anglo-,saxon        
,gospel1 #ab    ,angus1 ,dr4 ,jos41     
#aaj1 #abe    ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 fir/   
sugge/ion (1 #dj    ---- ord]$ by ,k+   
,james1 #da    ---- a revision1 n a     
translation1 #de    ---- rules foll[$ by
 ! revis]s1 #db-dd    ---- mispr9ts 91  
#ed    ---- obsolete words 91 #eg-ei    

---- imp]fect r5d]+s (1 #fb    ----     
preface to1 #aii    ---- li/ ( its      
revisors1 #bcg     ,b4    ,bancr(t1     
,ar*bi%op1 #da1 #de    ,b>r[1 ,dr4      
,john1 #ajd    ,b$e1 #aa    ,b5sley1    
,mr4 ,r4 ,n41 #aaa    ,b5tley1 ,dr4     
,ri*>d1 8 proposals = revis$ texts ( !  
,greek ,new         ,te/am5t & ( !      
,vulgate1 #ajj    ,beza's ,codex1 #hc   
,beza1 ,!odore1 8 edition ( ! ,greek    
,new ,te/am5t1 #hd1 #hf    ,bib]1 ,dr4  
,g4 ,f41 #ajc    ,bible1 e>lie/ =m (1 #d
    ---- ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion (1 #ci       
---- ,bi%ops'1 #cj1 #cg1 #ci    ----    
,cov]dale's1 #ah1 #cf    ---- ,d\ai1    
#cc1 #ch    ---- ,g5evan1 #bf1 #cg1 #ci 
---- ,great1 #ba1 #cf    ---- ,mat!w's1 
#bj    ---- ,purvey's1 #ae1 #cf    ---- 
,tav]n]'s1 #bb    ---- ,wycliffe's1 #ac1
 #ad1 #ce    ,bick]/e?1 ,dean1 #ajg1    
#aaj1 #abe    ,bilson1 ,bi%op1 #di      
,birrell1 ,rev4 ,j41 #aaa    ,bi%ops'   
,bible1 #cj1 #cg1 #ci    ,bi%ops'       
,bible1 preface !reto1 #agg    ----     
translators (1 #bce    ,blakesley1      

,dean1 #ajfn1 #ajg1 #aaj1 #abe          
,bodley1 ,john1 be>s ! exp5ses ( !      
,g5evan ,bible1 #cjn    ,bois1 ,john1   
#df1 #di    ,br\ghton1 ,hugh1 #ib       
,br[n1 ,dr4 ,david1 #aab1 #abe          
,br[ne1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,h4 7,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]71
 #ajfn1 #ajg1 #aji     ,c4    ,*amb]s1  
,dr4 ,t4 ,w41 #aae    ,*ance1 ,dr4 ,f41 
#aaa    ,*5]y1 ,pr(essor1 #aji          
,*eyne1 ,rev4 ,t4 ,k41 #aaa             
,cl>omontane ,manuscript1 #hc           
,cl]gym51 ,five1 _! revision ( ! ,gospel
 ( ,john1 #ajd    ,collation (          
,manuscripts1 #hb    ,complut5sian      
,polyglot1 #hd    ,conant1 ,dr4 ,t4 ,j41
 #aad    ,cov]dale1 fir/ edition ( 8    
,bible1 #ah    ---- 8 ,prologue !reto1  
#afj    ---- prep>es ! ,great ,bible1   
#ba    ---- issues a second & o!r       
editions ( ! ,great ,bible1 #bc    ---- 
a refugee at ,g5eva1 #bg    ,cranm]1 8  
op9ion ( ,mat!w's ,bible1 #bjn    ---- 8
 ,prologue to ! second edition ( !      
,great ,bible1 #bc    ,cromwell1 ,?omas1
 patron ( ,cov]dale1 #ah    ----        

promotes ! prep>ation ( ! ,great ,bible1
 #bc    ,crooks1 ,dr4 ,g4 ,r41 #aae1    
#aaf     ,d4    ,davidson1 ,dr4 ,a4 ,b41
 #aji    ,davies1 ,dr4 ,b41 #aji        
,day1 ,dr4 ,g4 ,e41 #aad    ,de ,witt1  
,dr4 ,j41 #aad    ,dort1 ,synod (1 #dd1 
#di    ,d\glas1 ,dr4 ,g41 #aaa          
,d[nes1 ,a41 #di    ,driv]1 ,mr4 ,s4    
,r41 #aaa     ,e4    ,eadie1 ,dr4 ,j41  
#aaj1 #aab    ,ellicott1 ,bi%op1 #ajd1  
#aje1 #aaj1 #abe    ,elliott1 ,rev4 ,c4 
,j41 #aab    ,ephraem ,codex1 #hc       
,erasmus1 8 editions ( ! ,greek ,new    
,te/am5t1 #he     ,f4    ,fairbairn1    
,dr4 ,p41 #aji    ,field1 ,dr4 ,f41 #aji
     ,g4    ,g$des1 ,dr4 ,a41 8 project$
 translation ( ! ,bible1 #ih    ,g$51   
,pr(essor1 #aab    ,gell1 ,r41 8 essay  
^u ! am5dm5t ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 #ic 
,g5evan ,bible1 #bf-cj1 #cg    ----     
popul>ity (1 #cb1 #eb    ---- preface   
to1 #agb    ,g5evan ,psalt]1 #bg        
,g5evan ,new ,te/am5t1 #bh1 #bi         
,g9sburg1 ,dr41 #aji    ,got*1 ,dr4 ,f4 
,w41 #aji    ,gre51 ,dr4 ,w4 ,h41 #aad  

,gut5b]g ,bible1 #agn    ,gu?lac (      
,croyl&1 #aa1 #ab     ,h4    ,hackett1  
,dr4 ,h4 ,b41 #aae1 #aaf    ,hadley1    
,dr4 ,j41 #aae1 #aaf    ,hampton ,c\rt  
,conf]5ce1 #dj    ,h>d+1 ,dr4 ,j41 #da  
,h>e1 ,dr4 ,g4 ,e41 #aad    ,h>rison1   
,ar*deacon1 #aji    ,h>wood1 ,e41 8     
translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 #ign     
,h]e=d1 ,ni*olas de1 #ad    ,h]vey1     
,bi%op1 #ajg    ,heywood1 ,james1 8     
motion 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons = a new     
revision1         #ajc    ,hodge1 ,dr4  
,c41 #aae1 #aaf    ,holbe91 8 design =  
title-page ( ,great ,bible1 #bbn        
,hort1 ,dr4 ,f4 ,j4 ,a41 #aaj1 #abj1    
#abe    ,humphry1 ,preb5d>y1 #ajd1 #aaj1
 #abe     ,i4    ,itala1 ,!1 #i     ,j4 
,jebb1 ,dr4 ,j41 #ajfn1 #ajg1 #aji      
,j]ome1 revises ! old ,lat9 v]sion1 #i  
---- translates ,old ,te/am5t1 #i       
,j]usalem ,*amb]1 #aag1 #abg1 #bdb      
,jessey1 ,h5ry1 8 attempt$ revision (   
,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 #ie    ,johnson1     
,an?ony1 8 ,hi/orical ,acc\nt1 #bgn     
,k4    ,kay1 ,dr4 ,w41 #ajfn1 #ajg1 #aji

    ,k5drick1 ,dr4 ,a4 ,c41 #aae        
,k5n$y1 ,canon1 #aaj1 #abe    ,k5nicott1
 ,dr4 ,b41 #ajj    ,kilbie1 ,dr4 ,r41   
#dg    ,krau?1 ,dr4 ,c4 ,p41 #aae       
,l4    ,lat9 ,v]sions1 #h1 #i           
,lawr5ce1 ,t41 8 notes ( errors 9 !     
,bi%ops' ,bible1 #cb    ,lea!s1 ,dr4    
,s41 #aji    ,lee1 ,ar*deacon1 #aaj1    
#abe    ,lee1 ,dr4 ,a41 #aae    ,lewis1 
,dr4 ,t41 #aae    ,lewis1 ,john1 8      
,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,bible1 #da1 #din   
,lightfoot1 ,dr4 ,j41 urges ^u ,p>liam5t
 ! revision ( ! ,engli%         ,bible1 
#ib    ,lightfoot1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,b4 7,bi%op 
( ,durham71 #aja1 #aaj1 #abe            
,l9disf>ne ,gospels1 #abn    ,lively1   
,ed41 #da    ,lumby1 ,rev4 ,j4 ,r41 #aab
    ,lyra1 ,ni*olas de1 #ag     ,m4     
,mace1 ,w41 8 ,greek & ,engli% ,new     
,te/am5t1 #if    ,m>%1 ,bi%op1 on !     
,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 #ajb    ,manuscripts 
( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 #hj    ,maz>9 ,bible1
 #agn    ,mc,gill1 ,pr(essor1 #aji      
,mead1 ,dr4 ,c4 ,m41 #aae    ,m]ivale1  
,dean1 #aab1 #abe    ,mill1 ,dr4 ,j41   

#ii    ,milligan1 ,dr4 ,w41 #aaj1 #abe  
,mob]ly1 ,bi%op1 #ajd1 #aaj1 #abe       
,m\lton1 ,dr4 ,w4 ,f41 #aaa1 #abe       
,mn/]1 ,seba/ian1 #bb1 #ca     ,n4      
,newcome1 ,ar*bi%op1 8 revis$ ,new      
,te/am5t1 #ih    ,new?1 ,dr41 #aaa1 #abe
     ,o4    ,ollivant1 ,bi%op1 #aje1    
#ajfn1 #ajg1 #aji    ,ormulum1 ,!1 #ac  
,osgood1 ,dr4 ,h41 #aae     ,p4         
,pack>d1 ,dr4 ,j41 #aae    ,pagn9us1 8  
,lat9 translation1 #ai1 #can    ,palm]1 
,ar*deacon1 #aab1 #abe    ,p>k]1        
,ar*bi%op1 sup]9t5ds ! prep>ation ( !   
,bi%ops' ,bible1         #cj-cb    ---- 
8 lett] to ,cecil1 #cjn    ,payne ,smi?1
 ,dean1 #aaj    ,p5n1 ,gr5ville1 8      
revis$ text & translation ( ,new        
,te/am5t1 #ii    ,p][ne1 ,dean1 #aaj    
,plumptre1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,h41 #aaj    ,pr9t$ 
,bible1 ! fir/1 #ag    ,pr9t+1 inv5tion 
(1 #ag    ,psalt]1 ,g5evan1 #bg    ---- 
,gu?lac's1 #aan    ---- ,pray] ,book1   
#in1 #ci    ---- ,rolle's1 #ac    ----  
,s*orham's1 #ac    ,purv]1 ,a41 8       
translation ( ! ,bible1 #ig    ,purvey1 

,john1 ,wycliffe's fri5d & fell[-lab\r]1
 #ae     ,q4    ,quotations 9 e>ly      
,*ri/ian ,writ+s1 #hg-hi     ,r4        
,ra9olds1 ,dr4 ,j41 moves = a new       
revision1 #dj    ,ra9olds1 ,dr4 ,j41    
appo9t$ "o ( ,k+ ,james's revis]s1 #dg  
---- works at ! revision on 8 dea?-b$1  
#dg    ,revis]s1 ! ,am]ican1 #aad1 #aaf 
---- ( #aefh1 #bce    ---- ( #afaa1 #bcg
    ---- ( #ahha1 #aji-aab    ,riddle1  
,dr4 ,m4 ,b41 #aae    ,rob]ts1 ,dr4 ,a41
 #aaa    ,rog]s1 ,john1 ! probable      
editor ( ,mat!w's ,bible1 #bj    ,rolle1
 ,ri*>d1 #ac    ,rose1 ,ar*deacon1      
#ajfn1 #ajg1 #aaj    ,rossi1 ,j4 ,b4 de1
 #ajj     ,s4    ,sayce1 ,rev4 ,a4 ,h41 
#aab    ,s*aff1 ,dr4 ,philip1 #aad1 #aae
    ,s*olefield1 ,pr(essor1 on an       
improv$ translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1  
#ajb    ,s*orham1 ,w4 de1 #ac    ,scott1
 ,dean1 #aaa1 #abe    ,scribes1 prim>y  
function (1 #c    ,scriv5]1 ,dr4 ,f4    
,h41 #ef1 #ajj1 #aaa1 #abj1 #abe        
,selwyn1 ,canon1 #ajc1 #ajg1 #aaj       
,septuag9t ,v]sion1 #f    ,%ort1 ,dr4   

,c41 #aae    ,s9aitic ,manuscript1 #hb  
,smi?1 ,dr4 ,g4 ,vance1 #aaa1 #abe      
,smi?1 ,dr4 ,h4 ,b41 #aae1 #aaf         
,smi?1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,pye1 8 te/imony 9 fav\r
 ( revision1 #aja    ,smi?1 ,dr4 ,miles1
 #dg1 #di    ,smi?1 ,pr(essor1 ,w4 ,r41 
#aab    ,/anley1 ,dean1 #ajg1 #aaa1 #abe
    ,/eph51 ,rob]t1 8 editions ( !      
,greek ,new ,te/am5t1 #he    ,/eph51    
,h5ry1 #hfn    ,/[e1 ,dr4 ,c4 ,e41 #aae 
,/rong1 ,dr4 ,j41 #aae    ,syriac       
,v]sion1 #h1 #hg     ,t4    ,tav]n]1    
,john1 #bbn    ,tav]n]1 ,ri*>d1 #bb     
,te/am5t1 ,new1 ,g5evan1 #bh    ----    
,rheims1 #cc    ---- ,tyndale's1 #ah    
---- ,:itt+ham's1 #be    ---- ,see      
8,bible0    ,?ay]1 ,dr4 ,j4 ,h41 #aae   
,?irlwall1 ,bi%op1 #aje1 #ajf1 #aaj     
,tis*5dorf1 ,dr4 ,c41 #ajj              
,transcription1 errors (1 #c            
,tregelles1 ,dr4 ,s4 ,p41 #ajj1 #ajin   
,tr5*1 ,ar*bi%op1 #aaa1 #abe            
,tyndale1 ,w41 8 translations1 #ah      
---- 8 ,prologue to ,new ,te/am5t1 #acg 
---- 8 ,epi/le to ! ,read]1 #aeb    ----

 8 ,preface to ! ,p5tateu*1 #aed     ,u4
    ,us%]1 ,a41 8 revis$ v]sion1 #idn   
,v4    ,vatican ,manuscript1 #hc    ,van
 ,dyke1 ,dr4 ,c4 ,v4 ,a41 #aae          
,vaughan1 ,dean1 #aaa1 #abe    ,v]sion1 
?iopic1 #hg    ---- ,arm5ian1 #hg       
---- ,go?ic1 #hg    ---- ,italic1 #h    
---- ,memphitic1 #hg    ---- ,old ,lat91
 #h    ---- ,septuag9t1 #f    ----      
,syriac1 #h    ---- ,!baic1 #hg         
,vulgate1 #i     ,w4    ,wakefield1 ,g41
 8 translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 #ih   
,walk]1 ,an?ony1 8 ,life ( ,bois1 #dfn1 
#din    ,walton's ,polyglot1 #ii        
,w>d1 ,dr4 ,s41 #ddn    ,w>d1 ,t41 8    
,errata to ! ,prote/ant ,bible1 #ccn1   
#ic    ,w>r51 ,dr4 ,w4 ,f41 #aae1 #aaf  
,weir1 ,dr4 ,d4 ,h41 #aab    ,wemyss1   
,t41 8 ,reasons 9 fav\r ( a new         
translation1 #ajb    ,we/cott1 ,canon1  
#bbn1 #dan1 #aaa1 #abe    ,:itt+ham's   
,new ,te/am5t1 #be    ---- 8 v]sion & ! 
,g5evan comp>$1 #bh1 #bi    ,wick$      
,bible1 #edn    ,wilb]=ce1 ,bi%op1 #aje1
 #ajf1 #aaa1 #abe    ,woolsey1 ,dr4 ,t4 

,d41 #aae    ,wordswor?1 ,dr4 ,*ri/oph] 
7,bi%op ( ,l9coln71 #ajg1 #aaj          
,wordswor?1 ,dr4 ,*>les 7,bi%op ( ,/4   
,&rews71 #aab1 #abe    ,worsley1 ,j41 8 
translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 #ig      
,wright1 ,dr4 ,w41 #ajin1 #aab          
,wright1 ,mr4 ,w4 ,a41 #aaj1 #aac       
,wycliffe1 ,john1 #ac1 #ad    ---- 8    
,bible1 #af1 #ce    ---- preface to 8   
,bible1 #abi     ,z4    ,zuri* ,bible1  
#ai   ,w4 ,br5don & ,son1 ,plym\?4      
,,footnotes3  #a ,f ! ,lat9 = sev5ty1   
?is be+ ! suppos$ numb] ( ! translators4
 ,x is ref]r$ to z ! translation ( !    
,sev5ty ,eld]s s e>ly z ! middle ( !    
second c5tury4 ,see ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1       
,dialogue ) ,trypho1 c4 #fh4  #b ,see   
,philo ,judu1 ,life ( ,moses1 book ii4  
,josephus1 ,antiquities1 xii4 ii4 #e1   
#aa1 #ab1 #ad4 ,eusebius1 ,eccl4 ,hi/41 
v4 #h4 ,josephus /ates t ! translation 0
 made by sev5ty-two eld]s 9 sev5ty-two  
days4 ,! /ory z giv5 9 ,eusebius is1 t !
 sev5ty eld]s 7 plac$ ap>t 9 sev5ty     
diff]5t cells1 t ea* translat$ ! entire 

,scriptures1 & t ! sev5ty translations  
:5 comp>$ 7 f\nd to agree to a ^w4  #c  
,& ?is he gave1 n by any =mal enactm5t1 
b by us+ ,j]ome's translation z ! basis 
( 8 own ,exposition ( ! ,book ( ,job4   
7,see ,gregory's ,lett] to ,le&]1 =m+ ! 
preface to t "w47 ,! old v]sion ( !     
,psalms reta9$ its gr\nd app>5tly f its 
close connection ) ! music ( ! ,*ur*4 ,f
 a l cause ! old v]sion ( ! ,engli%     
,psalms1 :i* 9 fact 0 made f ! ,lat9 ( !
 ,vulgate1 reta9s its place 9 ! ,psalt] 
( ! ,pray] ,book4 ,x %\ld h[ev] be not$ 
t x is b ! translation ( ! translation (
 a translation4  #d ,anglo-,saxon       
,*ronicle1 ,a4,d4 #gji4  #e 8,i h se5 a 
book at ,cr[l& ,abbey1 :i* is kept !re =
 a relic4 ,! book is call$ ,sa9t        
,gu?lake's ,psalt]1 & ,i we5e v]ily t x 
is a copy ( ! same t ! k+ did translate2
 = x is nei!r ,engli%1 ,lat91 ,greek1   
,hebrew1 nor ,dut*1 b some?+ s\nd+ to   
our ,engli%2 & z ,i h p]ceiv$ s9ce ! "t 
,i 0 la/ !re1 be+ at ,antw]p1 ! ,saxon  
tongue do? s\nd likewise1 & x is to ours

 p>tly agreeable40 ,! answ] ( ,john     
,lamb]t to ! tw5ty-six? ( ! ,articles   
laid aga9/ him4 7,,foxe1 ,acts &        
,monum5ts1 vol4 v4 p4 #bac47  #f ,!     
,*ronicle ( ,flor5ce ( ,worce/]1 ,a4,d4 
#fii1 & ,a4,d4 #gad4  #g ,_m ( ! cl]gy 7
 probably at ?is "t unable to int]pret !
 ,lat9 ,bibles us$ 9 ! ,*ur* s]vices4   
,sev]al ,,mss4 exi/ :i* h an ,engli%    
translation 7gloss7 ins]t$ betwe5 ! l9es
 by writ]s ( ! n9? or t5? c5turies4 ,"o 
( ^!1 ! 8,l9disf>ne ,gospels10 n[ 9 !   
,briti% ,museum1 is a mo/ ri*ly-adorn$  
,,ms4 ,x 0 writt5 by "o bi%op (         
,l9disf>ne1 & ornam5t$ by ano!r1 & 0    
encas$ 9 jewell$ cov]s4 ,ov] ea* ,lat9  
^w is writt5 its equival5t 9 ,engli%    
7,anglo-,saxon74 ,?is1 z is expla9$ by a
 note at ! end1 0 done by "o 8,aldr$1 ! 
prie/10 &1 z 8 h&writ+ %[s1 9 ! t5?     
c5tury4 ,x _c be suppos$ t ?is 0 done = 
! b5efit ( ord9>y read]s4 ,s valu$ a    
,,ms4 w\ld n be likely to come into any 
o!r h&s ?an ^? ( ! cl]gy or ! monks4  #h
 ,!re is no direct evid5ce = ! exi/5ce  

at an e>li] date ( any translation ( !  
entire ,scriptures into any =m (        
,engli%4 ,9 an int]e/+ tract 7commonly  
assign$ to ! e>li] "p ( ! fifte5?       
c5tury1 & pr9t$ by ,foxe 9 ! fir/       
edition ( 8 ,acts & ,monum5ts1 #aefc71  
entitl$1 8,a ,comp5di\s ,old ,treatise1 
%[+ h[ t we ought to h ! ,scripture 9   
,engli%40 ,x is /at$1 8,also a man (    
,london1 ^: "n 0 ,wyr+1 _h a ,bible 9   
,engli%1 ( nor!rn spee*1 :i* 0 se5 ( _m 
m51 & x seem$ to be two hundr$ ye>s     
old40 7,,foxe1 ,acts & ,monum5ts1 vol4  
iv4 p4 #fgd47 ,x _c1 h[ev]1 be inf]r$ f 
?is /atem5t t ! volume ref]r$ to 0 a    
complete ,bible4  #i ,see ,app5dix ,a4  
#aj ,z _m z "o hundr$ & fifty           
manuscripts1 conta9+ ! :ole or p>ts (   
,purvey's ,bible1 are /ill 9 exi/5ce1 & 
! majority ( ^! 7 writt5 )9 =ty ye>s f !
 "t ( its completion4--,,=%all &        
,,madd51 ,wycliffite ,v]sions ( ! ,holy 
,bible1 ,preface1 p4 xxxiii4  #aa ,no   
portion ( ! ,wycliffe ,bible 0 pr9t$    
until #agca1 :5 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 9 !    

lat] ( its =ms1 0 publi%$ by ! ,rev4    
,john ,lewis1 ( ,m>gate4 ,?is 0 repr9t$ 
9 #ahaj1 "u ! editor%ip ( ! ,rev4 ,h5ry 
,bab]4 ,! complete ,bible 0 n pr9t$ till
 s rec5tly z #ahej1 9 ! spl5did volumes 
issu$ f ! ,univ]sity press ( ,ox=d1 &   
edit$ by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,=%all & ,rev4 ,f4 
,madd54  #ab ,! fir/ "w kn[n to h be5   
pr9t$ ) moveable metal type is ! ,lat9  
,bible1 issu$ f ! press ( ,john ,gut5b]g
 at ,ma9tz1 #adej-ee4 ,?is ,bible is    
sometimes ref]r$ to z ! ,maz>9 ,bible1 f
 ! accid5tal circum/ance t a copy ( x 0 
f\nd ab\t ! middle ( la/ c5tury 9       
,c>d9al ,maz>9's libr>y at ,p>is4       
7,,hallam1 ,lit]ature ( ,europe1 vol4 i4
 p4 #baj47 ,) m propriety x may be call$
 ! ,gut5b]g ,bible4  #ac ,see ,app5dix  
,c4  #ad ,mr4 ,blunt1 9 8 article       
8,engli% ,bible10 9 ! ,encyclopdia      
,britannica1 ma9ta9s t ,cov]dale        
translat$ directly f ! ,hebrew & ,greek4
 ,b 9 ord] to ?is he has1 fir/1 =cibly  
to set aside ! /atem5t on ! title-page z
 8plac$ !re by mi/ake10 & !n to repres5t

 ,cov]dale z includ+ ! ,hebrew & ,greek 
orig9als 9 ! same category z ,lat91     
,g]man1 & ,engli% translations1 & z     
describ+ !m all z 8five int]pret]s0 f   
:i* he _h translat$4  #ae ,?is lic5se   
seems to h be5 obta9$ f ! k+ by         
,cromwell at ,cranm]'s sugge/ion4 7,see 
,cranm]'s ,lett] to ,cromwell1 ,augu/   
#d?1 #aecg4 ,rema9s & ,lett]s1 p4 #cdd4 
,p>k] ,society47 ,9 ?is lett] ,cranm]   
?us expresses 8 op9ion ( ! book3 8,& z =
 ! translation1 z f> z ,i h read !re( ,i
 l x bett] ?an any o!r translation      
h]et(ore made2 yet n d\bt+ b t !re may  
be & w be f\nd "s fault !re91 z y "k no 
man ev] did or c d s well1 b x may be f 
"t to "t am5d$4 ,& =asmu* z ! book is   
d$icat$ unto ! k+'s grace1 & also great 
pa9s & lab\r tak5 9 sett+ =? ( ! same3  
,i pray y1 my "l1 t y w exhibit ! book  
unto ! k+'s highness1 & to obta9 ( 8    
grace1 if y c1 a lic5se t ! same may be 
sold & read ( e p]son1 )\t dang] ( any  
act1 proclamation1 or ord9ance1 h]et(ore
 grant$ to ! contr>y1 until su* "t z we 

bi%ops %all set =? a bett] translation1 
:i* ,i ?9k w n be till a day aft]       
doomsday40  #af ,! full title is1 8,!   
,byble 9 ,engly%e1 t is to saye ! cont5t
 ( all ! holy scrypture1 bo! ( ! olde & 
newe te/am5t1 truly translat$ aft] !    
v]yte ( ! ,hebrue & ,greke textes by ye 
dylyg5t /udye ( dyu]se excell5t le>n$   
m51 exp]t 9 ! =sayde tongues4 ,prynt$ by
 ,ry*>d ,grafton & ,edw>d ,:it*ur*4 ,cum
 privilegio ad imprim5dum solum4 #aeci40
  #ag ,?is 0 m ?an comp5sat$ by !       
rem>kable & int]e/+ engrav+1 said to be 
design$ by ,hans ,holbe91 :i* =m$ !     
title-page4 ,h]e9 ! k+ is flatt]$ to 8  
he>t's cont5t4 ,on ! top ( ! engrav+ !  
k+ on 8 knees & uncr[n$ is address$ by  
our ,"l 9 ! words1 8,i h f\nd a man aft]
 m9e own he>t1 :o %all fulfil all my w40
 ,bel[ ?is ! k+ on 8 ?rone di/ributes   
books labell$ 8,v]bum ,dei10 ! ,^w (    
,god1 to ! cl]gy ) 8 "r h&1 to ,cromwell
 & o!rs ) ! left4 ,l[] d[n on ! "r ( !  
page is ! figure ( ,cromwell di/ribut+ !
 books to ! laity1 & on ! left t (      

,cranm] di/ribut+ x to ! cl]gy4 ,at !   
bottom ( ! page is a cr[d ( p ( all     
sorts & conditions1 "s cry+ out 9 ,lat91
 8,vivat ,rex0 o!rs 9 ,engli%1 8,god    
save ! k+40  #ah ,) ! title1 8,! ,mo/   
,sacr$ ,bible1 :i* is ! ,holy           
,scripture1 conteyn+ ! old  new te/am5t 
translat$ into ,engli%1  newly recognis$
 ) great dilig5ce aft] mo/ fay?ful      
exempl>s1 by ,ry*>d ,tav]n]4 ,h>k5 ?\   
heu51  ?\ e>? gyve e>e3 = ! ,lorde      
speake?4 ,esaie i4 ,pr9t$ at ,london 9  
,flete/rete at ! sygne ( ! sonne by     
,john ,byddell1 = ,?omas ,b>?let4 ,cum  
privilegio ad imprim5dum solum ,m4,d4   
,,xxxix40  #ai ,9 ,fox1 ,acts &         
,monum5ts1 v4 #dbh1 among/ ! names (    
8godly bre?r5 at ,ox=d0 suspect$ (      
h]esy1 & compell$ to d public p5ance1   
m5tion is made ( 8,tav]n] ! musician10 (
 8,friswide ,college0 7,fridesw$e1 n[   
,*ri/ ,*ur*72 & aga91 v4 #dbc1 ,an?ony  
,dalab] says1 8,i /ode at ! qui] door & 
he>d ,ma/] ,tav]n] play40 ,dr4 ,,eadie1 
,! ,engli% ,bible1 i4 #cdc1 assumes t ! 

ref]5ce 9 ?is la/ passage is to ,ri*>d  
,tav]n]2 b f> m probably ! ref]5ce is to
 ,john ,tav]n]1 :o1 accord+ to ,,wood1  
,a!n ,oxoni5sis1 i4 #abd1 0 8sometime   
organi/ ( ,c>d9al ,college40 ,i f9d no  
o!r f\ndation ?an ^! d\btful passages = 
! /atem5t made by ,,we/cott1 ,hi/ory ( !
 ,engli% ,bible1 ed4 #b1 p4 #he1 & by   
,,eadie1 loc4 cit41 t ,ri*>d ,tav]n] 0  
"o ( ^? :o suff]$ p]secution ^u ! fir/  
circulation ( ,tyndale's ,new ,te/am5t4 
#bj ,see ,,cotton1 ,editions ( ! ,engli%
 ,bible1 p4 #ba4  #ba ,f ?is circum/ance
 ! ,great ,bible is (t51 b improp]ly1   
call$ ,cranm]'s ,bible4 8,! ,prologue or
 ,preface made by ,?omas ,cranm]        
sometime ,ar*bi%op ( ,cant]bury10 is    
prefix$ to _m ,bibles1 to "s editions ( 
! ,g5evan1 & to ! ,bi%ops4  #bb ,! dates
 ( ^! editions1 z giv5 9 ! colophons1   
are1 ,july1 #aedj2 ,novemb]1 #aedj      
7#aeda on title-page72 ,may1 #aeda2     
,novemb]1 #aeda2 ,decemb]1 #aeda4  #bc  
,he m>ri$ ,ca!r9e1 si/] ( ,john ,calv94 
,an int]e/+ acc\nt ( 8,! ,life & ,dea? (

 ,mr4 ,william ,:itt+ham1 ,deane (      
,durham1 :o dep>t$ ?is life ,a4,d4      
#aegi1 ,june #aj10 f\nd among/ ! pap]s (
 ,an?ony  ,wood1 pres]v$ 9 ! ,bodleian  
,libr>y1 is giv5 by ,,dr4 ,,lorim]1     
,john ,knox & ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 pp4     
#cjc-cag4  #bd ,! d$ication to ! que51  
prefix$ to ?is volume1 is dat$ ,g5eva1  
,febru>y #aj?1 #aeei4 ,aft] exhort+ !   
que5 to p]sev]e 9 ! re=mation (         
religion1 ! writ]s /ate t 8albeit !y _h 
begun m ?an a ye> ago to p]use ! ,engli%
 ,translation ( ! ,bible1 & to br+ x to 
! pure simplicity & true mean+ ( ! ,_s (
 ,god1 yet :5 !y he>d t ,almighty ,god  
_h miracul\sly pres]v$ h] to t mo/      
excell5t dignity1 ) mo/ joyful m9ds &   
great dilig5ce !y endeav\r$ !mselves to 
set =? ?is mo/ excell5t ,book ( !       
,psalms unto h] ,grace z a special tok5 
( _! s]vice & goodwill till ! re/ ( !   
,bible1 :i* 0 9 good read9ess1 %\ld be  
accompli%$ & pres5t$40 7,,an?ony        
,,johnson1 ,hi/orical ,acc\nt ( !       
,sev]al ,engli% ,translations ( !       

,bible4 ,repr9t$ 9 ,,watson',s          
,collection ( ,!ological ,tracts1 vol4  
iii4 p4 #hg47  #be      v]se4   #aeeg4  
#aefj4    #a4 out ( ! way               
ap>t    #c4 !y saw                      
!re appe>$ unto !m    #d4 "h is good    
bey+ = u    x is good = u to be "h      
#e4 t cl\de                   ! cl\de   
my de>e sonne                my belov$  
sonne       9 :om ,i delyte             
9 :om ,i am well pleas$    #f4 7 afray$ 
7 sore afrayde    #g4 ,b ,jesus         
,!n ,jesus    #h4 lok$ up               
lift$ up _! eyes    #i4 ,see t ye %ewe  
,%ewe       be ris5                     
rise       dea?                         
! dead   #aa4 ,jesus                    
,& ,jesus   #ab4 lu/$                   
w\ld       ,9 l wise                    
likewise   #ad4 p                       
multitude   #ae4 m]cie                  
pitie       (t                          
(ttimes   #ag4 ,jesus                   
,!n ,jesus       h[ long 7bis74         
h[ long n[ 7bis7   #ah4 came out        

w5t out       ev5 t same                
at t   #ai4 secrectly                   
ap>t   #bj4 ,jesus                      
,& ,jesus       if ye _h                
if ye h       ye %\ld                   
ye %all       x %\ld                    
x %all       nei!r c\ld any?+        &  
no?+ %all       = y to d                
unto y   #bb4 ,z !y                     
,& z !y       pass$ ! "t                
abode       betrai$                     
deliv]$   #bc4 & ! ?yrd                 
b ! ?ird       sor[$ greatly            
7 v]ie sorie   #bd4 7 wont to ga!r      
receiv$   #be4 spake fir/ to him        
prev5t$   #bg4 ?yne angle               
an angle       ! fy%e t fir/          ! 
fir/ fi% t       pay                    
give x unto !m  #bf ,/rype also tells u 
t ! exp5ses ( publication 7 borne *iefly
 by ,john ,bodley1 fa!r ( ,sir ,?omas   
,bodley1 ! f\nd] ( ! ,bodleian ,libr>y  
at ,ox=d4--,life ( ,p>k]1 p4 #bjf4  #bg 
,x is v pleasant to read t1 not)/&+ ?is1
 ,p>k] jo9$ ) ,gr9dal1 ,bi%op ( ,london1

 9 plead+ = an ext5sion ( ! pat5t grant$
 to ,bodley1 9 ord] to enable him to    
publi% ! new edition ( ! ,g5evan ref]r$ 
to above4 ,writ+1 ,m>* #i?1 #aefe1 to   
,cecil1 ! ,que5's ,secret>y1 ! ,ar*bi%op
 & ,bi%op say1 8,t !y ?\ght s well ( !  
fir/ ,impression1 & ! ,review ( ^? :o _h
 s9ce travell$ !re91 t !y wi%t x w\ld   
please him to be a ,means1 t ,twelve    
,ye>s long] ,t]m might be by ,special   
,privilege grant$ him1 9 consid]ation ( 
! ,*>ges by him & 8 ,associates 9 ! fir/
 ,impression1 & ! ,review si!nce su/a9$4
 ,& t ?o' "o o!r special ,bible = !     
,*ur*es 7 meant by !m to be set =?1 z   
conv5i5t ,"t & ,leisure h]eaft] %\ld    
p]mit1 yet %\ld x no?+ h9d]1 b r d mu*  
good1 to h ,div]sity ( ,translations &  
,read+s40--,,/rype1 ,life ( ,p>k]1 p4   
#bjg1 ,folio ,edition4  #bh ,see        
,app5dix ,g4  #bi ,pagn9us 0 a le>n$    
,dom9ican1 :o publi%$ at ,lyons1 9      
#aebh1 a new translation 9 ,lat9 ( !    
,old & ,new ,te/am5ts4  #cj ,,/rype1    
,life ( ,p>k]1 ,app5dix1 p4 #aci4  #ca  

,ibid1 p4 #cii4  #cb ,9 an attack made  
^u ,prote/ant v]sions ( ! ,scriptures by
 ,?omas ,w>d1 9 ! reign ( ,james ,,ii41 
or ?ree-qu>t]s ( a c5tury aft] !        
publication ( ! ,au?oriz$ ,v]sion1 !    
writ] selects 8 examples f ,g5evan      
,bibles ( ! ye>s #aefb1 #aegg1 & #aegi1 
& speaks ( ?is ,bible z 8well kn[n 9    
,engl& ev5 to ?is day1 z be+ yet 9 _m   
m5's h&s40--,errata to ! ,prote/ant     
,bible1 p4 #ai1 ed4 #agcg4  #cc ,! ,old 
,te/am5t 0 n publi%$ till long aft]w>ds1
 :5 ! ,college 0 once m settl$ at ,d\ai4
 ,x is h5ce call$ ! ,d\ai ,bible4 ,!    
fir/ volume 0 publi%$ 9 #afji1 & !      
second 9 #afaj4 ,9 ! preface x is /at$ t
 ! translation 0 made 8ab\t ?irtie ye>es
 s9ce40  #cd ,among/ ! =m] are adv5t1   
allegory1 ana!ma1 assumption1           
calumniate1 co-op]ate1 evangelize1      
eunu*1 gratis1 holocau/1 neophyte1      
p>aclete1 p5teco/1 victim4 ,among/ !    
latt] are agnition1 azymes1             
commessation1 condigne1 contri/ate1     
depositum1 don>ies1 ex9anit$1 p>asceue1 

pas*e1 pref9ition1 loaves ( proposition1
 repropitiate1 sup]$ifi$4  #ce ,comp>e !
 ^w 8leas[es10 /ill us$ 9 "s p>ts ( !   
c\ntry = 8mead[s40  #cf 8,( all !       
,engli% v]sions1 ! ,bi%ops' ,bible _h   
probably ! lea/ success4 ,x did n comm& 
! respect ( s*ol>s1 & its size & co/ 7  
f> f meet+ ! wants ( ! p4 ,its          
circulation appe>s to h be5 practically 
limit$ to ! *ur*es :i* 7 ord]$ to be    
suppli$ ) x40--,dr4 ,,plumptre1         
,diction>y ( ! ,bible1 vol4 iii4 p4     
#a1fge4  #cg ,8 "n is v>i\sly spelt     
,ra9olds1 ,ra9oldes1 ,re9olds1          
,reynolds4  #ch ,see ,dr4 ,,william     
,,b>l[',s ,sum & ,sub/ance ( ! ,conf]5ce
 :i* x pleas$ 8 ,excell5t ,maje/y to h )
 ! ,lords ,bi%ops1 & o!rs ( 8 ,cl]gy1 9 
8 ,maje/y's ,privy ,*amb] at ,hampton   
,c\rt1 ,jan4 #afjc 7o4s474 ,repr9t$ 9 ,!
 ,ph5ix3 or a ,revival ( ,sc>ce &       
,valuable ,pieces1 p4 #aeg4 ,lond4      
#agjg4  #ci ,r5d]$ 9 ! ,bi%ops' & !     
,great ,bible1 8& bord]e? ^u ! city :i* 
is n[ call$ ,j]usalem10 in/ead (1 8&    

answ]$ to ,j]usalem :i* n[ is40  #dj    
,r5d]$ 9 ! ,great ,bible & ,pray] ,book 
,psalt]1 8!y 7 n ob$i5t10 in/ead (1 8!y 
7 n disob$i5t10 z 9 ,g5evan1 or 8!y     
rebell$ n10 z 9 our pres5t ,bibles4  #da
 ,r5d]$ 9 ! ,great ,bible & ,pray] ,book
 ,psalt]1 8& pray$10 in/ead (1 8&       
execut$ judgm5t40  #db ,see ,,lewis1    
,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,translations ( !   
,bible1 p4 #cac2 or ,,eadie1 ,! ,engli% 
,bible1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ahj2 or ,,we/cott1 
,hi/ory ( ! ,engli% ,bible1 p4 #aac4 ,! 
k+'s lett] is giv5 9 full by ,,c>dwell1 
,docum5t>y ,annals ( ! ,re=m$ ,*ur* (   
,engl&1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fe1 ed4 #ahci4  #dc
 ,= ! names ( ! ,revis]s ( #afaa see    
,app5dix ,h4  #dd ,t is1 ! ,great       
,bible2 call$ ,:it*ur*'s1 f ! "n ( "o ( 
! pr9t]s4  #de ,,burnet1 ,hi/ory ( !    
,re=mation1 "p ii41 ,app5dix1 p4 #cfh1  
ed4 #afha4  #df ,"o ( :om1 ,dr4 ,samuel 
,w>d1 _h himself tak5 "p 9 ! ,engli%    
revision4  #dg ,tables ( ,g5ealogies & a
 description ( ! ,holy ,l& are f\nd     
prefix$ to _m e>ly editions ( ,k+       

,james's ,bible4  #dh ,acta ,synodi     
,dordre*ti habit1 p4 #ai1 ed4 #afbj4    
#di ,,c>dwell1 ,docum5t>y ,annals1 vol4 
ii4 p4 #fh1 ed4 #ahci4  #ej ,see        
,app5dix ,f4  #ea ,= a li/ ( ! ,revis]s 
see ,app5dix ,h4  #eb ,9 "s cases1      
h[ev]1 ?is fur!r subdivision ( "w seems 
to h tak5 place4 ,an?ony ,walk]1 9 8    
,life ( ,john ,bois1 p4 #dg 7repr9t$ 9  
,,peck',s ,desid]ata ,curiosa71 says3   
8,sure ,i am t ,"p ( ! ,apocrypha 0     
allott$ to him 7= he ha? %[$ me ! v copy
 he translat$ by71 b to my ,grief ,i "k 
n :at "p40 ,bois 0 a memb] ( ! company  
to :i* ! ,apocrypha 0 assign$4 ,walk]   
goes on to say1 8,all ! "t he 0 ab\t 8  
own ,"p1 8 ,commons 7 giv5 to him at ,/4
 ,johns1 :]e he abode all ! week till   
,saturday night2 & !n he w5t home to    
dis*>ge 8 ,cure1 return+ !nce on ,monday
 morn+4 ,:5 he _h f9i%$ 8 own "p1 at !  
e>ne/ reque/ ( him to :om x 0 assign$ he
 und]took a ,second1 & !n he 0 to common
 9 ano!r ,college4 ,b ,i =be> to "n bo? 
! p]son & ! ,h\se40  #ec ,! b>e fact t !

 ,ox=d ,revis]s met 9 ,ra9olds' lodg+s  
is m5tion$ by ,,wood1 ,hi/oria ,univ4   
,oxon41 vol4 i4 p4 #caa1 & is ref]r$ to 
by ,,/\ghton1 ,our ,engli% ,bible1 p4   
#bdh4  #ed ,,full]',s ,abel ,r$ivivus1  
p4 #dhg4 ,9 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 book x4 p4 
#dh1 ,full] says ( ,ra9olds t he 0 a man
 des]v+ ( ! epitaph4 8,inc]tum e/ utrum 
,doctior an ,melior40 8,we "k n :i* 0 ! 
great]1 8 le>n+ or 8 goodness40  #ee    
,,peck1 ,desid]ata ,curiosa1 p4 #dg4    
#ef ,x is cle>1 f ! words :i* imm$iately
 foll[1 t ! writ] uses ! ^w 8company0 "h
 = ! entire numb] ( translators belong+ 
to any "o ( ! ?ree c5tres4 ,9 ! writt5  
acc\nt pres5t$ to ! ,synod ( ,dort by ! 
,engli% delegates1 x is said t twelve   
p]sons1 select$ out ( ! companies1 met  
toge!r1 & review$ & correct$ ! entire   
"w4 ,wood also 7,a!n ,oxon41 vol4 i4 p4 
#dij7 gives twelve z ! numb] ( !        
8select$10 & among/ !m includes ,bilson 
& ,miles ,smi?4  #eg ,! writ] qua9tly   
rem>ks 9 a p>5!sis1 8,?\gh ,mr4 ,d[nes  
w\ld n g till he 0 ei!r fet*t or ?reat5$

 ) ! ,pursuivant40  #eh ,lewis 7,hi/ory 
( ! ,engli% ,translations ( ! ,bible1 p4
 #cbc7 by a /range blund] turns ^!      
%ill+s into p\nds4  #ei ,walk] adds1    
8,:il/ !y 7 employ$ 9 ?is la/ bus9ess1  
he & he only took notes ( _! proce$+s1  
:i* notes he kept till 8 dy+ day40 ,if  
^! notes c\ld be recov]$ !y w\ld ?r[ mu*
 light ^u _m po9ts ( int]e/ 9 connection
 ) ! ,revision ( #afaa4  #fj ,,full]1   
,*ur* ,hi/ory1 book x4 p4 #eg4  #fa ,see
 ,mr4 ,,h5ry ,,/ev5s1 ,pr9t$ ,bibles 9 !
 ,caxton ,exhibition1 p4 #aaj4 ,b if    
,mr4 ,/ev5s be "r 9 ?is cont5tion1 !    
publi%] c sc>cely be held free f ! *>ge 
( false sugge/ion1 s9ce ! phrase occurs 
9 e>li] ,bibles 9 ! s5se :i* x mo/      
naturally be>s4 ,9 ! edition ( ! ,great 
,bible dat$ ,april1 #aedj1 we h on !    
title-page3 8,?is is ! ,byble apoynt$ to
 ! use ( ! *ur*es10 & ! mean+ ( ?is is  
%[n by ! full] =m t appe>s 9 !          
title-page ( ! edition ( ,novemb]1      
#aedj1 8auctorys$ & apoynt$ by !        
commaundem5t ( oure moo/ r$\bt$ ,prynce 

& sov]aygne ,lorde ,kynge ,h5rye !      
,,viii4 444 to be frequ5t$ & us$ 9 e    
*ur*e )9 ?is 8 sayd realme40 ,an edition
 ( ! ,bi%ops' ,bible dat$ #aehe has !   
inscription1 8,au?oriz$ & appo9t$ to be 
read 9 ,*ur*es20 & ,k+ ,*>les ,,ii4's   
,decl>ation to all ,8 ,lov+ ,subjects1  
is 8,appo9t$ to to be ,read 9 all       
,*ur*es & ,*apels )9 ?is k+dom40  #fb ,!
 late/ qu>to edition ( ! ,g5evan publi%$
 9 ,engl& be>s ! date #afae1 ! late/    
folio1 #afaf4  #fc ,?is edition has h5ce
 be5 describ$ by ,bible collectors z !  
8,wick$ ,bible40 ,! error 0 ( c\rse     
spe$ily discov]$ & ! edition suppress$4 
,ar*bi%op ,laud f9$ ! pr9t] 9 ! sum (   
#cjj1 & ) ?is he is said to h b\ght a   
f\nt ( ,greek type = ! ,univ]sity (     
,ox=d4  #fd ,9 ! reign ( ,*>les ,,ii4 a 
silly report 0 set afloat t ,field1 !   
pr9t] ( :at is kn[n z ! ,pe>l ,bible (  
#afec1 _h receiv$ a pres5t ( #a1ejj f ! 
,indep5d5ts to introduce ?is corruption 
into ! text4 ,see ,d',,israeli',s       
,curiosities ( ,lit]ature1 ,art4 ,pe>l  

,bible4 ,mr4 ,d',israeli mu/ h be5      
ignorant ( ! fact t ?is error occurs 9  
,bibles pr9t$ fifte5 ye>s e>li] ?an !   
,pe>l ,bible1 & by ! ,univ]sity ,press1 
,cambridge4  #fe ,?is may possibly h be5
 a *ange delib]ately made by ! editor1  
:o ei!r _h a diff]5t ,greek text or     
foll[$ ! ,vulgate2 b ev5 9 t case x w\ld
 be a v awkw>d way ( r5d]+ ! text be=e  
him4  #ff ,?is he has done1 pr(ess$ly1 9
 ! attempt to repres5t ! v]sion ( #afaa1
 8s f> z may be1 9 ! precise %ape t x   
w\ld h assum$ if its v5]able translators
 _h %[n !mselves m exempt ?an !y 7 f !  
fail+s incid5t to human infirmity2 or if
 ! same sev]e accuracy :i* is n[ dem&$ 9
 c>ry+ s important a volume ?r\gh !     
press _h be5 deem$ requisite1 or 0 at   
all usual 9 _! age40--,introduction to  
,cambridge ,p>agraph ,bible1 p4 i4  #fg 
,! ,,lxx4 & ,vulgate are "h "r2 s also  
,wycliffe1 :o1 translat+ f ! ,lat91     
r5d]s1 8,sev5 trompes1 :os vse is 9 !   
iubile40  #fh ,wycliffe1 8,/ronge m5    
ses$5 9 ,yrael40  #fi ,"h aga9 ! ,,lxx41

 ,vulgate1 & ,wycliffe are "r4 ,wycliffe
 r5d]s1 8( :om %ul5 be alle ! be/ ?+is (
 ,yrael40  #gj ,! ,,lxx41 ,vulgate1     
,wycliffe1 ! ,great ,bible1 ! ,g5evan1 &
 ! ,bi%ops'1 all give ! true s5se4  #ga 
,9 _! r5d]+ ( v]se #c ! ,revis]s ( #afaa
 h foll[$ ! ,g5evan4 ,( ! old] v]sions1 
! ,great ,bible be/ r5d]s ?is v]se1     
8,all my delyte is ^u ! saynctes t are 9
 ! e>?1 & ^u su*e z excell 9 v]tue40    
#gb ,! ,vulgate leads ! way 9 ?is error4
  #gc ,tyndale1 ! ,great ,bible1 & !    
,g5evan r5d] correctly4  #gd ,s !       
,rheims1 8,:y d y also trangresse !     
commaundem5t ( ,god = y\r tradition80   
#ge ,s ,wycliffe1 8= !y b5 fei?ful &    
l\$1 ! :i*e b5 p>c5]s ( b5efice20 & !   
,rheims1 8because !y be fai?ful & bel\$ 
:i* are p>tak]s ( ! b5efite40  #gf ,"h  
all ! old] v]sions g wrong4  #gg ,! fir/
 f\r books ( ! ,annals ( ,tacitus are   
f\nd only 9 a s+le ,,ms4 7! ,m$icean7 ( 
! elev5? c5tury4 ,! n9e books ( !       
,lett]s ( ,pl9y ! ,y\ng] are f\nd       
complete 9 "o ,,ms4 only1 ( ! t5?       

c5tury2 ?is also is 9 ! ,m$icean        
,libr>y4  #gh ,f ! ,lat9 uncia1 an in*4 
#gi ,9 "s ,,mss4 call$ palimpse/s1 ! m  
anci5t1 & to u ! m valuable1 writ+ has  
be5 p>tially wa%$ away1 9 ord] t !      
vellum might be us$ aga9 = "s m rec5t   
"w4 ,9 ^! cases x is exce$+ly difficult 
to deciph]1 b5ea? ! lat] & d>k] writ+1 !
 traces ( ! old] writ+2 inde$1 n        
unfrequ5tly ! *>act]s are s fad$ t !y _c
 be read at all until reviv$ by "s      
*emical prep>ation4 ,! ,ephraem ,codex  
is a ,,ms4 ( ?is k9d4  #hj ,commonly    
ref]r$ to "u ! symbol 1 ! ,hebrew lett]1
 ,aleph4  #ha ,ref]r$ to z ,b4  #hb     
,ref]r$ to z ,a4  #hc ,ref]r$ to z ,c4  
#hd ,ref]r$ to z ,d ( ! ,gospels4  #he  
,ref]r$ to z ,d ( ! ,epi/les4  #hf ,!   
,lic5se = its publication 0 n grant$    
until ,m>* #bj1 #aebj4  #hg ,namely1 8  
sole au?ority = ! ,apocalypse4  #hh ,he 
_h previ\sly publi%$ two small] editions
 7#afmo71 "o 9 #aedf1 & ano!r 9 #aedi4  
#hi ,n[ call$ ! ,codex ,regius1 & d5ot$ 
by ,l4  #ij ,! collation ( ! eight      

,p>isian ,,mss4 0 done = him by 8 son   
,h5ry1 !n a y\? ( eighte54  #ia ,at     
,g5eva1 :i!r he _h deem$ x prud5t to    
remove %ortly aft] ! publication ( 8    
celebrat$ edition ( ! ,greek ,new       
,te/am5t4  #ib ,works1 vol4 vi4 p4 #aid4
  #ic ,! draft ( ?is ,bill is pres]v$ 9 
! ,/ate ,pap] ,(fice 7,dome/ic          
,int]reg41 ,bundle #ffb1 f4 #ab71 & is  
giv5 9 full by ,dr4 ,,/\ghton1 ,*ur* ( !
 ,commonweal?1 p4 #edc4  #id ,errata to 
! ,prote/ant ,bible1 ,pref4 p4 #c41 ed4 
#agcg4  #ie ,9 ! libr>y ( ,tr9ity       
,college1 ,dubl91 !re is a manuscript 9 
?ree volumes ( an ,engli% v]sion ( !    
,bible1 by ,ambrose ,us%]1 bro!r (      
,ar*bi%op ,us%]4 ,! date assign$ to x is
 ab\t #afbj4 ,x does n1 h[ev]1 seem to  
be 9 any prop] s5se a revision ( !      
v]sion ( #afaa1 b r an indep5d5t        
revision bas$ ^u ! e>li] v]sions4 ,9 an 
8epi/le d$icatorie0 to ,james ,i4 !     
writ] describes himself z hav+          
8leisurelie & seasonablie dress$0 &     
8s]v$ out ?is o!r di%0 :ile ,8 ,maje/y 0

 8a do+ on0 ! 8seasonable sudd5 meale0  
:i* ! translators _h ha/ily prep>$4 ,he 
fur!r /ates t he did n oppose 8to our   
new translation old int]pretationes     
alreadie waigh$ & reiect$10 b 8fre% &   
new t yeeld new consid]ation & t fight n
 onlie ) our ,engli% ,bible1 b likelie )
 all translat$ bibles 9 :at language    
soeu] & contr>ie? !m40 ,z f> z c be     
ga!r$ f ! exam9ation ( a s+le *apt]1 !  
"w seems *iefly bas$ ^u ! ,g5evan4 ,!   
v]sion is incomplete4 ,vol4 i4 conta9s  
,g5esis1 ,exodus1 ,leviticus1 ,numb]s1  
,deut]onomy1 ,jo%ua 7imp]fect71 ,judges1
 ,ru?1 ,samuel2 vol4 ii4 conta9s ,k+s1  
,*ronicles1 ,ezra1 ,nehemiah 7imp]fect71
 ,e/h]1 & a ,lat9 v]sion ( "p ( ,jo%ua2 
vol4 iii4 conta9s ,job1 ,psalms 7p>tly 9
 ,lat971 ,prov]bs1 ,song ( ,solomon1    
,ecclesia/es1 ,isaiah1 ,j]emiah1        
,lam5tations1 ,ezekiel1 ,daniel 7p>tly 9
 ,lat971 ! ,m9or ,prophets1 ! fir/ *apt]
 ( ,/4 ,john's ,gospel1 ,romans1        
,cor9?ians1 ,philemon1 ,james1 ,pet]1   
,john1 ,apocalypse 7p>tly 9 ,lat971     

,jude4--,royal ,commission on ,hi/orical
 ,manuscripts1 ,f\r? ,report1 pp4       
#ehi-eih4  #if ,! ,life & ,dea? ( ,mr4  
,h5ry ,jessey1 p4 #dg4  #ig ,mace's     
r5d]+ ( ,james iii4 #e1 #f is ! passage 
mo/ frequ5tly quot$ 9 illu/ration ( 8   
/yle4 8,s ! tongue is b a small "p ( !  
body1 yet h[ gr& are its pret5sions1 a  
sp>k ( fire6 :at quantities ( timb] w x 
bl[ into a flame8 ! tongue is a br& t   
sets ! _w 9 a combu/ion1 x is b "o ( !  
num]\s organs ( ! body1 yet x c bla/    
:ole assemblies3 tipp$ ) inf]nal sulphur
 x sets ! :ole tra9 ( life 9 a blaze40  
,x is b "r1 h[ev]1 to /ate t ?is is     
p]haps ! v wor/ passage 9 ! book4 ,!    
foll[+ v]ses are a fair specim5 ( 8     
ord9>y /yle4 ,acts xix4 #h1 #i3 8,at    
l5g? ,paul w5t to ! synagogue1 :]e he   
spoke ) great fre$om1 & = ?ree mon?s he 
conf]r$ ) !m to p]suade !m ( ! tru? ( ! 
evangelical k+dom1 b "s ( !m be+ su*    
obdurate infidels z to inveigh aga9/ !  
in/itution be=e ! populace1 he retir$1 &
 tak+ ! disciples ) him1 he in/ruct$ !m 

daily 9 ! s*ool ( "o ,tyrannus40  ,a yet
 m (f5sive specim5 ( ?is /yle (         
translation 0 suppli$ by ! ,new ,te/am5t
 publi%$ 9 #agfh1 by ,e4 ,h>wood1 &     
entitl$1 ,a lit]al translation ( ! ,new 
,te/am5t1 be+ an attempt to translate ! 
,sacr$ ,writ+s ) ! same ,fre$om1 ,_s1 & 
,elegance ) :i* o!r ,engli%             
,translations f ! ,greek ,classics h    
lately be5 execut$2 a "w :i*1 h[ev]     
fai?fully x may repres5t ! inflat$ &    
/ilt$ /yle :i* !n prevail$1 c n[ be read
 only ) a/oni%m5t & disgu/4  #ih        
,worsley di$ be=e ! publication ( !     
volume4 ,x 0 edit$ by ,m4 ,brad%aw & ,s4
 ,worsley4  #ii ,9 #c vols41 #hvo4 ,a   
second edition 9 #b vols41 #hvo41 0     
publi%$ 9 #agie4 ,memoirs ( ,gilb]t     
,wakefield1 vol4 i4 p4 #cee2 vol4 ii4 p4
 #dfh4  #ajj ,! "w 0 int5d$ to =m eight 
vols4 #dto4  #aja ,,scriv5]1            
,introduction to ! ,criticism ( ! ,new  
,te/am5t1 p4 #cig4  #ajb ,eclectic      
,review1 ,janu>y1 #ahji1 p4 #ca4  #ajc  
,lectures on ! ,criticism &             

,int]pretation ( ! ,bible1 p4 #big1 ed4 
#ahbh4 ,! italics are ,dr4 ,m>%'s own4  
#ajd ,! memb]s ( ?is fir/ jo9t          
,committee 7 ,dr4 ,wilb]=ce1 ,dr4       
,ellicott1 ,dr4 ,?irlwall1 ,dr4         
,ollivant1 ,dr4 ,e4 ,h4 ,br[ne 7,bi%op (
 ,ely71 ,dr4 ,*r4 ,wordswor? 7,bi%op (  
,l9coln71 & ,dr4 ,g4 ,mob]ly 7,bi%op (  
,salisbury72 ,dr4 ,bick]/e? 7!          
,prolocutor72 ,deans ,al=d1 ,j]emie1 &  
,/anley2 ,ar*deacons ,rose1 ,freeman1 & 
,grant2 ,*ancellor ,mass+b]d2 ,canons   
,blakesley1 ,h[1 ,selwyn1 ,swa9son1 &   
,woodgate2 ,dr4 ,kay1 ,dr4 ,jebb1 & ,mr4
 ,de ,w9ton4  #aje ,! ,convocation (    
,york decl9$ to take "p 9 ! revision1 on
 ! gr\nd t 9 _! judgm5t ! "t 0          
unfav\rable = su* a "w4  #ajf ,canon    
,selwyn _h p]si/5tly advocat$ ! claims (
 revision1 & _h br\ght x be=e ! ,notice 
( ! ,l[] ,h\se ( ,convocation s e>ly z  
,m>* #a/1 #ahef4 ,notice ( a r5ew$      
motion on ! "q _h be5 giv5 by him = !   
meet+ ( ,convocation on ,febru>y1 #ahgj1
 & 0 only )drawal :5 sup]s$$ by !       

proposal s5t d[n on ,febru>y #aa? f !   
,upp] ,h\se4  #ajg ,canon ,cook1 ,dr4   
,j4 ,h4 ,newman1 ,canon ,pusey1 & ,dr4  
,w4 ,wright4 ,dr4 ,wright1 h[ev]1       
subsequ5tly jo9$ ! ,old ,te/am5t        
,company4  #ajh ,dr4 ,s4 ,p4 ,tregelles4
  #aji ,n[ ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]4  #aaj ,n[  
,dean ( ,cant]bury4  #aaa ,n[ ,dean (   
,pet]bor\gh4  #aab ,n[ ,d4,d4  #aac ,n[ 
,burs>4  #aad ,n[ ,dean ( ,li*field4    
#aae ,n[ ,dean ( ,l9coln4  #aaf ,n[     
,d4,d4 & ,hulsean ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity1 
,cambridge4  #aag ,n[ ,bi%op ( ,durham4 
#aah ,n[ ,d4,d41 & ,ma/] ( ! ,leys      
,s*ool1 ,cambridge4  #aai ,n[ ,d4,d41   
,pr9cipal ( ,new ,college1 ,london1 &   
,lee ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity4  #abj ,n[    
,pr(essor ( ,humanity1 ,/4 ,&rews4  #aba
 ,n[ ,dean ( ,ro*e/]4  #abb ,n[ ,,ll4,d4
  #abc ,n[ ,pr9cipal ( ! ,presbyt]ian   
,college1 ,c>m>!n4  #abd ,n[ also ,dean 
( ,ll&aff4  #abe ,n[ also ,regius       
,pr(essor ( ,div9ity1 ,cambridge4  #abf 
,n[ ,lady ,m>g>et ,prea*]1 ,cambridge4  
#abg ,n[ ,ar*deacon ( ,ox=d4  #abh      

,correspond+ ,memb]4  #abi ,^! h be5 ?us
 di/ribut$3    ,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/]        
#dje   ,dr4 ,scriv5]            #cii    
,mr4 ,humphry              #che   ,dr4  
,new?                #cgc   ,dr4 ,hort  
#cfb   ,dean ( ,li*field        #ceb    
,dean ( ,ro*e/]        #ccg   ,canon    
,we/cott           #cjd   ,dean (       
,ll&aff         #cjb   ,dean ( ,l9coln  
#big   ,bi%op ( ,durham         #bij    
,ar*deacon ,lee           #bhc   ,dr4   
,m\lton              #bga   ,ar*deacon  
,palm]        #bee   ,dean ( ,we/m9/]   
#bec   ,dr4 ,vance ,smi?          #bde  
,dr4 ,br[n                #bji   ,dr4   
,angus                #aii   ,dr4       
,milligan             #ahb   ,canon     
,k5n$y            #afe   ,dr4 ,eadie    
#ace   ,bi%op ( ,salisbury      #aba    
,bi%op ( ,/4 ,&rews    #aji   ,dr4      
,rob]ts               #id   ,ar*bi%op ( 
,dubl9      #fc   ,dean ,m]ivale        
#ai   ,dean ,al=d               #af     
,bi%op ,wilb]=ce         #a  #acj ,z !  
orig9al w\ld be v obscure to _m ( my    

read]s1 ,i h some:at reluctantly decid$ 
to give ! mod]n spell+ & ! mod]n        
equival5t = obsolete words4  #aca ,psalm
 lxxxvii4 #f is ?us r5d]$ 9 !           
,wycliffite v]sions1 aft] ! ,vulgate &  
,,lxx4 ,! ,,lxx4 "h diff]s f ! ,hebrew4 
#acb ,! ^w ,judah1 f :i* 8,jew0 is      
d]iv$1 is f a ,hebrew v]b1 mean+ 8to    
praise40 7,see ,g54 xxix4 #ce2 xlix4    
#h47  #acc ,by 8s5t5ce0 ,purvey commonly
 means 8s5se10 or 8mean+40  #acd ,t is1 
if he exam9e _m copies1 & especially ^? 
( rec5t date4  #ace ,,augu/9e1 ,*ri/ian 
,doctr9e1 book ii41 c4 xi4  #acf        
,bohemians4  #acg ,,augu/9e1 ,*ri/ian   
,doctr9e1 b4 ii4 c4 xii4  #ach ,wisdom1 
iv4 #c4  #aci ,?is ,prologue conta9s b  
little 9 ! way ( hi/orical in=mation4 ,x
 has ?is especial int]e/1 t x is !      
preface ( ! fir/ pr9t$ portion ( !      
,engli% ,bible4  #adj ,imitate4  #ada   
,*ang$ 9 lat] editions1 fir/ into 8,to !
 dilig5t & ,*ri/ian ,read]4 ,grace1     
m]cie1 & peace1 ?r\gh ,*ri/ ,jesus10 &  
!n 8,to ! ,*ri/ian ,read]0 simply4  #adb

 ,:itt+ham _h previ\sly done ! same 9 8 
,new ,te/am5t ( #aeeg4 ,9 8 address 8,to
 ! ,read]0 he says3 8,& because !       
,hebrewe & ,greke phrases1 :i* are      
/range to r5dre 9 o!r tongues1 & also   
%ort1 %ulde n be to h>d1 ,i haue        
sometyme int]pret$ !m )\t any :it       
dim9i%+ ! grace ( ! s5se1 z our lgage   
do? vse !m1 & sometyme h put to t worde 
:i* lack+ made ! s5t5ce obscure1 b haue 
set x 9 su* lett]s z may easily be      
disc]n$ f ! cmun text40  ,9 "s lat]     
editions ( ! ,g5evan ,bible1 pr9t$ 9    
black lett]1 ?is clause is alt]$ into   
8wee h put 9 ! text betwe5 ^! two m>kes 
su* worde or v]be z do? m prop]lie      
explane or manife/ ! text 9 our tongue40
  #adc ,to ! end t4  #add    #ade   #adf
 ,circa annum #ijj4 ,b4 ,rh5an4 r]um    
,g]man lib4 #b4  #adg ,,/rype1 ,life (  
,p>k]1 b4 iv4 c4 #bj2 ,,johnson1        
,hi/orical ,acc\nt1 p4 #hg2 ,,burnet1   
,hi/ory ( ! ,re=mation1 "p ii4 book iii4
 p4 #djf1 ed4 #afha4  #adh ,! ,psalms 7 
9 ! fir/ in/ance assign$ to ,gue/1      

,bi%op ( ,ro*e/]4 ,x is probable t !    
,ar*bi%op 0 dissatisfi$ ) ,gue/'s "w1 & 
on good gr\nds1 = he despat*$ x v       
quickly1 & =w>d$ x to ! ,ar*bi%op ) a   
lett]1 9 :i* he ?us sets =? 8 e/imate ( 
8 duty z a translator3 8,i h n alt]$ !  
,translation b :]e x give? occasion ( an
 error4 ,z 9 ! fir/ ,psalm1 at ! beg9n+ 
,i turn ! pret]p]fect t5se into ! pres5t
 t5se2 because ! t5se is too h>d 9 !    
pret]p]fect t5se4 ,:]e 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t
 "o piece ( a ,psalm is report$1 ,i     
translate x 9 ! ,psalm accord+ to !     
translation !re( 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 = ! 
avoid+ ( ! (f5ce t may rise to ! p ^u   
div]se translations40 7,,/rype1 ,life ( 
,p>k]1 b4 iii4 c4 #f2 ,p>k]             
,correspond5ce1 ,,p>k]1 sec4 ed4 p4     
#bej47  #adi ,p>k] ,correspond5ce1      
,,p>k]1 sec4 ed4 p4 #cce4  #aej ,hi/4 ( 
,ref41 "p ii4 book iii4 p4 #djf1 ed4    
#afha4  #aea ,collection ( ,records1 "p 
ii4 book iii4 numb] #aj4  #aeb ,probably
 a mispr9t = ,h>m]4  #aec ,,c>dwell1    
,docum5t>y ,annals1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aaj4   

#aed ,b>l[ 0 pres5t at ! ,hampton ,c\rt 
,conf]5ce 9 ,janu>y1 #afja1 & all       
acc\nts describe him z !n ,dean ( ,*e/]2
 & 8 n>rative ( ! ,conf]5ce1 publi%$ 9  
#afjd1 is describ$ z 8contract$ by      
,william ,b>l[1 ,doctor ( ,div9ity1 &   
,dean ( ,*e/]40 ,sir ,pet] ,leyce/]1    
,hi/4 ,antiq4 ( ,*e%ire1 p4 #afi1 /ates 
t ,b>l[ 0 appo9t$ ,dean 9 #afjc4  #aee  
,bi%op ( ,*i*e/]1 ,novemb] #crd1 #afje2 
,bi%op ( ,ely1 #afji2 ,bi%op ( ,w9*e/]1 
#afai4  #aef ,bi%op ( ,li*field1 ,april1
 #afad2 ,bi%op ( ,norwi*1 #afah4  #aeg  
,subsequ5tly ,regius ,pr(essor (        
,hebrew1 ,cambridge4  #aeh ,lively di$  
,may1 #afje1 & h5ce c\ld n h tak5 any   
active "p 9 ! ,revision4  #aei ,aft]w>ds
 ,d4,d41 & successively ,ma/] (         
,pet]h\se & ( ,tr9ity ,college4  #afj   
,succe$$ ,dr4 ,duport 9 ! ,ma/]%ip (    
,jesus ,college1 ,cambridge4  #afa      
,succe$$ ,mr4 ,lively z ,regius         
,pr(essor ( ,hebrew4  #afb ,aft]w>ds    
,rector ( ,exet] ,college1 ,ox=d4  #afc 
,aft]w>ds ,bi%op ( ,gl\ce/]4  #afd ,ma/]

 ( ,sidney ,college1 ,janu>y1 #afji2    
,ar*deacon ( ,taunton1 #afae2           
,vice-,*ancellor1 ,cambridge1 #afbj2    
,lady ,m>g>et ,pr(essor ( ,div9ity1     
#afba4  #afe ,aft]w>ds ,d4,d41 ,preb5d>y
 ( ,*i*e/]1 & ,rector ( ,bi%op's        
,wal?am1 ,hants4  #aff ,bi%op (         
,gl\ce/]1 ,m>* #ai?1 #afje2 ,bi%op (    
,london1 ,may #ah?1 #afjg4  #afg ,bi%op 
( ,li*field & ,cov5try1 #afji2 ,bi%op ( 
,london1 #afaj4  #afh ,di$ ,novemb]1    
#afjd1 & h5ce c\ld h tak5 no "p 9 ! "w (
 ! ,company4 ,8 "n is n m5tion$ by ,wood
 9 ! li/ giv5 9 ,hi/4 et ,antiq4 ,univ4 
,oxon41 i4 p4 #caa1 ed4 #afgd4  #afi    
,knight$ at ,w9dsor1 ,septemb] #ba/1    
#afjd4  #agj ,,wood1 ,a!n ,oxoni5sis1 i4
 #cee4  #aga ,ibid1 i4 #egj4  #agb      
,subsequ5tly1 on ! dea? ( ,ra9olds1     
,presid5t ( ,corpus ,*ri/i ,college4    
,dr4 ,,we/cott1 ,hi/ory ( ,engli%       
,bible1 sec4 ed4 p4 #aag1 & ,dr4        
,,m\lton1 ,hi/ory ( ,engli% ,bible1 p4  
#aif1 bo? h ,dr4 ,t4 ,sp5c]1 b 8 "n1 z  
inscrib$ on ! monum5t 9 ! ,*apel (      

,corpus ,*ri/i ,college1 is ,,iohannes  
,,sp5s]1 & is s giv5 by ,wood4          
,transcrib]'s ,notes3  ,passages 9      
italics are indicat$ by italics4        
,passages 9 bold are indicat$ by bold4  
,sup]script$ *>act]s are indicat$ by    
sup]script4