,transcrib]'s ,note3        ,e ef=t has 
be5 made to replicate ?is text z        
fai?fully z      possible4              
,italic text has be5 m>k$ ) und]scores4 
,sup]script lett]s are prec$$ by 4      
,,oe ligatures h be5 exp&$4             
,! ,geologi/s' ,association4            
,,on                           ,,! ,,r$ 
,,*alk ,,( ,,engl&4                     
,,by                     ,,! ,,rev4     
,,?os4 ,,wilt%ire1 ,m4,a4 ,f4,g4,s4     
,,presid5t ,,( ,,! ,,geologi/s'         
,,association4                          
,a ,,pap] ,,read ,,at                   
,,! ,,g5]al ,,meet+1                    
#d,,? ,,april1 #ahei4                   
,,london3                        ,,pr9t$
 ,,= ,,! ,,association1                 
,,&          ,,publi%$ ,,at ,,! ,,(fice 
,,( ,,! ,,geologi/1 #aed1 ,,/r&4        
#ahei4          ,,li/ ,,( ,,plates4     
,,plate ,i4        ,fig4      #a4       
,inoc]amus ,coqu&ianus1 f ,speeton4     
#b4 ,fragm5t ( ,inoc]amus1 /riat$ by    
glacial action1 ,muswell ,hill4      #c4

 ,nautilus simplex1 ,hun/anton4      #d4
 ,inoc]amus ,crispii1 ,hun/anton4       
#e4 ,i4 t5uis1 ,hun/anton4              
,,plate ,,ii4        #a4 ,spongia       
p>adoxica1 ,hun/anton4      #b4         
,siphonia pyri=mis1 ,hun/anton4      #c4
 ,c>dia/] suborbicul>is1 ,hun/anton4    
#d4 ,o/rea frons1 ,muswell ,hill4       
#e4 ,o4 vesicul>is1 ,hun/anton4      #f4
 ,exogyra haliotoidea1 ,hun/anton4      
#g4 ,cy!rella ovata1 ,speeton4      #h4 
,cri/ell>ia rotulata1 ,speeton4      #i4
 ,tro*ocya?us 787 ----1 ,hun/anton4     
,,plate ,,iii4        #a1 #a;a4         
,v]micul>ia elongata4 ,upp] & "u surface
 ( two                  diff]5t         
specim5s1 ,speeton4      #b4 ,v]micul>ia
 umbonata1 ,hun/anton4      #c4 ,s]pula 
irregul>is1 ,hun/anton4      #d4 ,s4    
antiquata1 ,hun/anton4      #e4         
,b\rgueticr9us rugosus1 ,hun/anton4     
#f4 ,diadema tumidum1 ,hun/anton4       
#g4 ,cid>is ,gault9a 7871 ,hun/anton4   
,,plate ,,iv4        #a4 ,t]ebratula    
biplicata1 #a;a4 mag4 surface1          

,hun/anton4      #b4 ,t4 semiglobosa1   
#b;a4 mag4 surface1 ,speeton4      #c4  
,k+5a lima1 #c;a4 mag4 surface1         
,hun/anton4      #d4 ,t]ebratula        
capillata1 #d;a4 mag4 surface1          
,hun/anton4      #e4 ,belemnites        
att5uatus1 ,hun/anton4      #f4 ,b4     
,li/]i1 ,speeton4      #g4 ,b4 ultimus1 
,speeton4      #h4 ,b4 m9imus1 ,speeton4
          ,,on ,,! ,,r$ ,,*alk ,,(      
,,engl&    ,a ,pap] read #d? ,april1 by 
,rev4 ,,?omas ,,wilt%ire1 ,m4,a41       
,f4,g4,s41  ,etc41 ,presid5t4           
,p]sons 9 g5]al take z ! type or        
repres5tative ( *alk !  mat]ial :i*     
me*anics employ = trac+ out r\gh l9es & 
figures4  ,x is a sub/ance ( a bright   
:ite col\r1 some:at yield+ to !  t\*1 & 
capable ( be+ v easily abrad$ or rubb$  
d[n4    ,b ! geologi/ gives a mu* wid]  
int]pretation to ! t]m1 n  limit+ x by  
^! few *>act]i/ics2 &1 accord+ly1 he    
includes  "u ! same title _m /rata :i*  
w\ld h>dly be s gr\p$  toge!r by !      
un9itiat$4    ,= in/ance1 !re is at !   

base ( ! upp] portion ( !  cretace\s    
sy/em a c]ta9 h>d1 (t5 pebbly1 & highly 
col\r$  b&1 :i*1 not)/&+ its great      
dep>ture f ! popul> type1  is nev]!less 
/yl$ 9 geological language ! ,r$ ,*alk4 
,?is  /ratum1 ! subject ( ! pres5t pap]1
 n[h]e =ms a mass (  any great ?ickness 
or ext5t2 p]haps if ?irty feet be tak5 z
 its  maximum ( ?ickness1 f\r feet z its
 m9imum1 & "o hundr$ miles  z its utmo/ 
ext5t 9 l5g?1 ! tru? w be arriv$ at4 ,x 
may be  said1 also1 to be peculi> to    
,engl&1 = ! ,scaglia1 or ,r$ ,*alk  ( ! 
,italians1 has little 9 common ) t ( our
 c\ntry4 ,! two  diff] widely 9         
appe>ance1 9 situation1 & 9 fossils4    
,! fir/ view ( ! seam 9 ! nor? is to be 
obta9$ ab\t six  miles nor?-we/ (       
,flambor\gh ,head1 9 ,york%ire1 ne> !   
village  ( ,speeton1 :]e its /ructure1  
dip1 & g5]al appe>ance c be  rem>kably  
well /udi$4    ,speeton is a small      
village1 a place ( no great note 9 !    
bus9ess-_w1 yet ( mu* fame among/ !     
lov]s ( geology1 inasmu*  z 9 its       

neighb\rhood !re are sev]al int]e/+     
=mations1 to "o  ( :i*--! ,speeton      
clay--x gives a "n4    ,9 ^! days (     
rapid travell+1 ! village has ! great   
conv5i5ce  ( a railway-/ation1 f :5ce ! 
cliffs bel[ c be rea*$  )\t ! slighte/  
difficulty4    ,illu/ration3 ,lign4     
#a4--,map ( ,"p ( ,york%ire1            
,l9coln%ire1 &  ,norfolk1 %[+ ! ,outcrop
 & ,range ( ! ,r$ ,*alk4    ,z ,i wi% to
 conduct ! memb]s ( ! ,association to ! 
,r$ ,*alk 9  sit1 let u suppose t1 />t+ 
f "s locality ne> ! ,hull  & ,sc>bor\gh 
,railway1 we h tak5 tickets = ,speeton  
/ation1 &  h 9 due "t arriv$ at t latt] 
place4 ,on alight+ f !  tra9 we mu/     
direct our /eps to ! h\ses 9 front1 & !n
 inquire  ! way to ! sea-%ore1 above :i*
 we %all be /&+ at "s  consid]able      
height--say f\r hundr$ feet4 ,we %all be
 told to walk  by ! *ur*1 to turn to !  
"r along a little lane1 & !n to  look = 
an obscure pa? :i* passes across !      
fields4 ,we %all soon  aft]w>ds1 be+ on 
high gr\nd1 be able1 by ! light (       

nature1 to  f9d a way d[n to ! s&s bel[4
    ,:il/ desc5d+1 let u survey ! sc5e t
 lies be=e u4 ,x is a  gr& "o1 r5d]$    
picturesque by ! brok5 gr\nd1 !         
solitude1 &  ! s\nd+ ( ! waves4 ,"r     
ahead1 !re is ! op5 ,bay ( ,filey2  on !
 left h&1 ! t[n ( ,filey & its ,brig2 n 
a %ip1 z "o  might imag9e1 b a huge mass
 ( rocks ( ! corall9e oolite1 jutt+  out
 to sea at "r angles f ! %ore1 l a pi]  
=m$ by human  h&s1 & cr[n$ on ! l&-side 
by /rangely cut p9nacles ( p9k  & rugg$ 
drift4 ,on ! "r h& !re are ! high &     
p]p5dicul>  :ite *alk cliffs ( !        
,flambor\gh range4 ,z we pass d[n we    
%all  meet ) a gulley or b$ ( a small   
/ream1 9 all probability q  dry1 by     
foll[+ ! w9d+ c\rse ( :i* we %all rea* !
 %ore4  ,?is gulley passes ov] an       
esc>pm5t ( diluvial matt] 7! :ole  place
 be+ 9 confusion ?r\gh ! effects ( small
 l&slips71  & trav]ses ! ,r$ ,*alk      
itself1 ! fir/ trace ( :i* w be  r5d]$  
visible by means ( roll$ fragm5ts1 :i* !
 =ce ( !  /ream has at diff]5t times    

deta*$4    ,x w be only "h & !re t we   
%all f9d ! ,r$ ,*alk 9  sit1 because    
sometimes vegetation1 sometimes         
diluvium1 sometimes  fall5 masses1      
entirely conceal its real position4     
,h[ev]1 !re w  be pl5ty ( r\nd$ pieces  
at ! feet4 ,"s ( ^! _h bett] be  exam9$ 
on ! spot1 9 ord] t we may ga9 a cle>   
p]ception (  ! appe>ance ( ! b$1 %\ld we
 meet ) x aga94 ,^! pieces  are f\nd to 
be h>d & r\gh to ! t\*1 & ( a bright r$ 
t+e1  ?\gh occasionally m>k$ ) /reaks ( 
:ite4 ,mo/ likely on "s  ( _! sides a   
fossil or two w be se5 peep+ out2 a bl[ 
f a  hamm] w divulge /ill m4 ,s pl5tiful
 are ! roll$ fragm5ts1  t a few h\rs' "w
 w satisfy ! consci5ce1 & fill ! pockets
  ( ! travell]4    ,if ,i might be      
p]mitt$ to give advice to any memb] (   
our ,association  :o %\ld h]eaft] visit 
! place1 x w\ld be ?is--t x w\ld  be    
well = him to c>ry away mod]ate siz$    
b\ld]s entire1 r  ?an to break !m on !  
spot4 ,! fossils w be/ be develop$ at   
leisure4 ,! mat]ial is s h>d1 & !       

fossils s brittle 7especially  !        
belemnites & s]pul71 t imp]fect specim5s
 only w result  f ! quick & r\gh        
treatm5t ( ! hamm]4 ,! f9d w n  produce 
any v great v>iety1 only numb]s2        
t]ebratul1 s]pul1 &  belemnites w be all
 t w be obta9$4    ,hav+ n[ procur$     
specim5s1 we _h bett] walk s\?w>d along 
!  %ore2 aft] a %ort "t w be se5 a f9e  
p]p5dicul> section (  ?is p>ticul>      
/ratum2 we %all notice x is b\nd$ on !  
"o side  by ! ,:ite ,*alk1 to :i* x is  
p>allel2 on ! o!r by ! ,speeton  clay1  
:i* is n con=mable to x1 t is1 n        
p>allel4    ,! ?ickness ( ! b$ ( ! ,r$  
,*alk is at ?is place1 z ,i said  j n[1 
ab\t ?irty feet4 ,fir/ ( all1 tak+ x 9  
desc5d+  ord]1 t is to say1 hav+ rea*$  
its limit at ! ,:ite ,*alk1 &  retrac+  
our /eps 9 ! direction ( ,filey1 we     
notice ab\t twelve  feet ( r$ matt]     
conta9+ s]pul1 & we note t ! upp]       
portion ( ?is division is mu* fill$ )   
greyi% nodules1 %[+  t ! *ange f ! ,:ite
 ,*alk to ! ,r$ is gradual4 ,next comes 

a b$ ( ab\t sev5 feet ?ick1 ( d>ki%     
,:ite ,*alk2 & f9ally1  ano!r b$ ( ab\t 
twelve feet ?ick1 ( bright ,r$ ,*alk1   
conta9+  belemnites & t]ebratul4 ,! :ole
 is foll[$ by ! ,speeton clay1  ( :i* a 
%ort & accurate acc\nt w be f\nd 9 ,no4 
#ac ( ,,!  ,,geologi/ magaz9e4 ,! l9e ( 
division betwe5 ^! two be+  well m>k$ by
 runs ( wat]1 :i* are caus$ by !        
p]colation  ?r\gh ! *alk be+ /opp$ by ! 
imp]vi\s clay4    ,! ,speeton clay is   
s+ul> 9 "s ( its *>act]i/ics4 ,at its   
upp] portion1 9 contact ) ! ,r$ ,*alk1 x
 conta9s fossils  belong+ to !          
,neocomian or ,gre5s& era1 :il/ at ! l[]
 "p  !re are ! repres5tatives ( !       
,kimm]idge clay4 ,& ?us x w\ld  appe> to
 be "o ( ^? peculi> =mations :i* h      
result$ f  a numb] ( b$s ?9n+ out1 &    
becom+ absorb$ into ea* o!r4  ,?ree ( ! 
well-m>k$ fossils ( ! ,speeton clay may 
be adduc$3  ,belemnites jaculum2 a small
 cru/acean1 ,a/acus ornatus2 & a l>ge   
hamite1 call$ ,hamites ,beanii4    ,to !
 s\? ( ! ,r$ ,*alk at ,speeton1 & adjo9+

 x1 occurs1  z ,i lately m5tion$1 !     
,:ite ,*alk4 ,! fossils 9 ?is "p are  n 
num]\s2 an inoc]amus1 a t]ebratula1 &   
r>ely an ammonite1  are f\nd4 ,b ! ,:ite
 ,*alk high] up1 t is1 f>!r s\?1  bel[  
,flambor\gh ,head1 ne> ,bridl+ton ,quay1
 is v fossilif]\s1  conta9+ corals1     
e*9i1 a b$ ( m>supites1 z well z t v    
rem>kable & ext5sive collection ( m>9e  
=ms1 ! silicifi$  sponges1 ?\s&s ( :i* c
 be se5 at l[ wat] scatt]$ up &  d[n1 & 
imb$d$ 9 ! sc>s1 or rocks4 ,?is *alk1   
h[ev]1 has its  drawbacks1 = be+ v      
h>d--inde$1 s mu* s z to r+ "u !  /rokes
 ( a hamm]--specim5s _c be obta9$ )\t   
mu* tr\ble4  ,i mu/ make an exception ) 
reg>d to ! sponges4 ,!y are compos$  (  
silex2 h5ce1 long soak+ 9 v dilute      
hydro*loric acid w d  m & bett] "w aft] 
! fossils h be5 br\ght home1 ?an  fifty 
*isels4 ,! calc>e\s matt] is sl[ly      
dissolv$ away1 & !n  =ms come into view 
z delicate & lovely z any t c be not$ 9 
! mod]n sponge tribe4 ,mo/ ( ! common   
k9ds ( ! ,flambor\gh  sponges w be f\nd 

figur$ & nam$ 9 ,pr(essor ,phillips'    
,geology  ( ,york%ire2 ! r>] 9 !        
,magaz9e ( ,natural ,hi/ory = #ahci4    
,let u n[ return to ! village (         
,speeton1 & endeav\r to foll[ !  w9d+   
c\rse ( ! ,r$ ,*alk to its visible      
t]m9ation1 "s hundr$  miles to !        
s\?-ea/1 9 ! c\nty ( ,norfolk4    ,by a 
ref]5ce to ! map 7page #b71 :]e ! b$ is 
laid d[n1 x  is se5 t ! ,r$ ,*alk adjo9s
 ! ,:ite ,*alk dur+ its entire  l5g?2 t 
x fir/ takes a we/]ly direction = ab\t  
tw5ty miles1  & !n sudd5ly turn+ at a   
%>p angle proce$s s\?-ea/ = !  rema9d] (
 its c\rse4    ,"s p]sons might suppose 
:5 !y see ! map1 t if !y 7 to  travel to
 any ( ! t[ns or villages ne> ! l9e1 !y 
w\ld (  necessity be able to see ! ,r$  
,*alk 9 sit4 ,no su* ?+2 !  upp] soil1  
or vegetation1 or man's "w1 may q       
conceal all traces4  ,x is only at      
natural sections l ! cliffs j spok5 (1  
or by  o!r means1 su* z wells1 c41 t we 
c acquire a true idea ( !  gr\nd b5ea?  
u4 ,:o1 = example1 t lives 9 ! ,city (  

,london1  c\ld imag9e1 unless he _h se5 
! fact = himself1 :5 sew]s 7  op5$1 or  
f\ndations cut1 t he 0 dwell+ ov] b$s ( 
gravel z  bright & yell[ z any t cov] ! 
pa?s ( a fl[]-g>d58    ,:51 !re=e1 !    
nature ( ! surface ( ! gr\nd is su* t  !
 eyes _c detect traces ( any p>ticul>   
=mation we may be 9  se>* (1 we mu/ seek
 o!r te/imony1 we mu/ ask :at h o!r m5  
se51 & :at h !y record$1 & 9 ^: cu/ody h
 !y plac$  ! keep+ ( ^? facts4    ,9 !  
pres5t case ,i c ref] to two excell5t   
works1 to help  u1--,pr(essor ,phillips'
 ,geology ( ,york%ire1 & ,"y & ,bird's  
,survey ( ! ,york%ire ,coa/4    ,let u  
turn to ! latt]4 ,! au?ors write t 9 !  
ye> #ahai a  ,mr4 ,george ,rivis1 (     
,%]burn1 bor$ = coal 9 a deep dale ab\t 
a  mile & a half s\? ( ,/axton2 ! bor+ 0
 cont9u$ = "s  consid]able dep?4 ,fir/  
!y pass$ ?r\gh ! ,:ite ,*alk1 next came 
^u ! ,r$ seam1 & f9ally1 at ! dep? (    
#bhh feet f ! m\?  ( ! bore1 rea*$ !    
,speeton clay4 ,?us !n ne> ,/axton1 a   
few  miles we/ ( ,speeton1 ! ,r$ ,*alk  

exi/s2 !re x is1 ?\gh x may  n be       
visible4    ,if we proce$ /ill f>!r we/ 
along ! nor!rn foot ( !  ,york%ire      
,wolds1 x is possible t at ,knapton we  
%all actually see  ! ,r$ & ,:ite ,*alk  
aga9 9 sit2 = ,"y & ,bird tell u  t1 at 
a clay-pit ne> t village1 x 0 to be se5 
9 _! day4  ,at ,nor? ,grim/on1 !y add1 !
 col\r$ *alk seems to be want+1 =  at a 
copi\s spr+ issu+ on ! hill-side1 ab\t a
 mile above !  village1 ! ,:ite ,*alk is
 se5 ly+ imm$iately ov] ! blue clay4    
,?is /atem5t is n to be wond]$ at4 ,look
 at ! map 7page #b74 ,n  f> f ,nor?     
,grim/on !re mu/ evid5tly be great      
uncon=mity (  /rata4 ,notice sev]al ( ! 
=mations1 in/ead ( runn+ p>allel  to "o 
ano!r1 actually are at "r angles4 ,=    
in/ance1 we h  ! ,speeton clay1 !       
oolites1 & ! lias1 almo/ p]p5dicul> 9   
direction to ! ,:ite ,*alk1 a little to 
! we/ ( ,great ,driffield4  ,su* a      
condition ( affairs mu/ h result$ f     
great di/urbances1  & !re w\ld be no?+  
/range 9 a "p ( ! s]ies be+  displac$ or

 altoge!r want+4    ,"s miles to ! s\?1 
ne> ! t[n ( ,pockl+ton1 ! /rata are     
aga9 p>allel 9 direction to ea* o!r1 &  
accord+ly ! ,r$ ,*alk  is f\nd1 z be=e1 
at ! base ( ! ,wolds4 ,pr(essor         
,phillips1 9  8 "w on ! ,geology (      
,york%ire1 figures "s ,r$ ,*alk fossils 
f ,goodmanham1 ne> ,m>ket ,weighton1 &  
alludes to _! also  occurr+ at          
,brant+ham1 n f> f ! ,riv] ,humb]1 !    
b\nd>y (  ! c\nty4    ,?us1 !n1 ! ,r$   
,*alk has be5 trac$ ?r\gh ,york%ire2    
speak+  r\ghly "o might say1 t x = ! mo/
 "p takes an undulat+  c\rse at ! base (
 ! ,wolds2 t x rises ) a v g5tle        
incl9ation f ! sea ne> ! village (      
,speeton2 t x proce$s  ne>ly due we/    
until x approa*es ! neighb\rhood (      
,malton1 t  x !n sudd5ly *anges its     
direction1 & advances s\?-ea/ until  x  
s9ks bel[ ! m>%-l& six or sev5 miles to 
! we/ ( ,hull1  hav+ occupi$ a di/ance (
 ab\t fifty miles4    ,we n[ cross !    
riv] ,humb]1 & f9d ! ,r$ ,*alk aga9 ne> 
!  banks at a place call$ ,f]raby1 to ! 

we/ ( ,b>ton 9 ,l9coln%ire4    ,!       
,museum ( ! ,geological ,society (      
,london possesses specim5s tak5  f t "p1
 & 9 a note atta*$ to !m !re is ?is     
rem>k1  t fir/ came ,:ite ,*alk1 !n ,r$ 
,*alk1 !n a blue clay2 ?us x  is evid5t 
!re is ! same /ate ( ?+s prevail+ z we  
_h at  ,speeton2 & ! same obs]vation w  
apply to ! appe>ance ( !  specim5s      
!mselves4    ,b z we travel along !     
we/]n base ( ! ,l9coln%ire ,wolds1 or   
,*alk ,d[ns 7= ,london]s w\ld s t]m !m71
 al?\gh we f9d !  ,r$ ,*alk und]nea? !  
,:ite1 yet ! blue clay b5ea? ! ,r$ ,*alk
  is want+2 its place is suppli$ by a   
?ick s]ies ( br[n col\r$  s&s1 ) includ$
 b$s ( s&y lime/one1 full ( fossils l ! 
,k5ti% ,rag1 only n possess+ e*9i &     
belemnites4 ,^! b$s h  be5 ref]r$ to !  
l[] gre5s&4    ,only a few rem>ks c be  
(f]$ 9 ref]5ce to ,l9coln%ire4 ,my      
int5tion 0 to h visit$ ! base ( !       
*alk-hills1 & h  ga!r$ toge!r new facts2
 ,i h n be5 able to d s2 nei!r h  ,i be5
 successful 9 discov]+ any au?ors :o h  

writt5 mu* ab\t  t c\nty4 ,!re is a     
great geological d>kness ov] t l&1 &    
mu* rema9s to be done 9 work+ out its   
fossilif]\s deposits4 ,i  c1 h[ev]1     
speak confid5tly reg>d+ ,l\?4    ,"o    
might fancy1 z ! t[n is plac$ to ! "r ( 
! d>k l9e on  ! map1 :i* m>ks ! position
 ( ! ,r$ ,*alk1 t ,l\? c\ld  h no?+ to d
 ) ! latt]4 ,b a fri5d :o made "s       
inquiries  = me on ! spot has =w>d$ two 
specim5s1 & says he saw !m  tak5 out ( a
 *alk-pit at t t[n4 ,!y ran 9 ve9s1 he  
writes1  ! light] col\r$ ov] ! d>k]1 & 7
 dug at no great di/ance  bel[ !        
surface4 ,! bright r$ piece 0 j above   
:]e ! spr+s  arise--facts :i* correspond
 ) evid5ce 9 o!r places4    ,z !        
incl9ation ( ! plane ( ! /rata is small1
 & ris+  t[>ds ! s\?-we/ 7! direction ( 
! /rata be+ nor?-we/71  x is easily     
compreh5d$ t ! ,r$ ,*alk may exi/ "u    
,l\?1 &  yet n appe> at ! surface ( !   
gr\nd until at "s di/ance to  ! we/ ( ! 
t[n4    ,at ,brickhill1 ne> ,h>r+ton1 ! 
seam also has be5 met )2 a  specim5 ( x 

c be se5 9 ! ,museum ( ! ,geological    
,society (  ,london4 ,?is la/ & ^? f    
,l\? diff] little 9 appe>ance or  "* f  
:at may be obta9$ at ! ,speeton b$s4    
,i h no m to say ab\t ,l9coln%ire1      
except t1 accord+ to !  au?ority (      
geological maps1 ! ,r$ ,*alk ( t c\nty  
s9ks &  disappe>s bel[ ! m>%-l&s1 a few 
miles be=e rea*+ ! sea4    ,& n[ x is "t
 to cross ! ,wa%1 t great sea-bay1 & l& 
at  ,hun/anton1 a little village on !   
nor?-we/]n coa/ ( ,norfolk4 ,z  ,i am   
address+ a company ( work+ geologi/s1 ,i
 ought p]haps to say  h[ 9 practice !   
locality c be arriv$ at1 = x is n q s   
easy to rea* a place 9 reality z x is to
 see x on a map4    ,to g to ,hun/anton1
 9 ! mo/ ready way1 a p]son mu/ fir/    
rea*  ,lynn2 :5ce an omnibus1 />t+ 9 !  
aft]noon1 at ?ree or f\r  o'clock1 f !  
,lynn /ation1 w convey pass5g]s to !    
village4    ,at ,hun/anton !re are two  
hotels1 & sev]al lodg+-h\ses4 ,i %\ld   
recomm5d ! ,le ,/range ,arms1 z be+ an  
old-fa%ion$ com=table  inn1 & ne>] ?an !

 o!r to ! section we are 9 que/ (4      
,p]haps x may be ?\ght1 ,:y dwell s mu* 
^u ,hun/anton--its  hotel--& its        
omnibus8 ,i d s because at t village !re
 is a mo/  excell5t natural section ( ! 
,r$ ,*alk1 bett] almo/ ?an at  ,speeton1
 & diff]5t c]ta9ly 9 _m respects4    ,we
 w suppose t we h arriv$ at ,hun/anton1 
& are walk+  t[>ds ! %ore 9 front ( !   
,le ,/range ,arms4 ,a v few m9utes  w   
convey u to ! wond]ful cliff4 ,i say    
wond]ful1 n f its  height or l5g?2 = at 
its greate/ height1 "u ! ligh?\se1 x  is
 n m ?an sixty feet2 & x ext5ds little m
 ?an a mile 9  l5g?2 b wond]ful f its   
curi\s col\r & g5]al effect4            
,illu/ration3 ,lign4 #b4--;,hun/anton   
,cliff 7look+ to ! ,nor?7    ,! woodcut1
 copi$ f a wat]-col\r draw+1 made la/   
autumn by a  fri5d1 w af=d an idea ( its
 appe>ance2 b 9 x ! abs5ce (  col\r1 (  
c\rse1 takes away f ! beauty ( ! sc5e4  
,! cliff itself may be divid$ into five 
portions3 fir/1 ,:ite ,*alk1  =ty feet  
?ick2 secondly1 bright ,r$ ,*alk1 f\r   

feet2 ?irdly1 a  yell[ s&y mass1 t5     
feet2 f\r?ly1 a d>k br[n pebbly /ratum1 
=ty feet2 &1 la/ly1 tw5ty feet ( a b$   
almo/ black4    ,^! divisions d n run "o
 into ! o!r1 z is ! case 9 mo/          
geological /rata1 b keep q di/9ct4 ,?us 
! ,r$ ,*alk is z  cle>ly sep>at$ f !    
,:ite1 z ?\gh ! "o _h be5 cov]$ by  a   
broad b& ( pa9t4 ,! same obs]vation w   
hold good ) respect  to ! o!rs4    ,x w 
readily be und]/ood t :5 ! sun %9es ^u !
 cliff1  & lights up ! bright :ite1 !   
bright r$1 ! pale yell[1 & !  d>k br[n &
 black1 & ca/s a %ad[ ov] ! mass ( gaily
 t9t$  mat]ials at ! base1 a picture is 
produc$ n easy to be surpass$ 9  beauty1
 & c]ta9ly n to be fully appreciat$     
unless x be actually  se54    ,! b$ (   
,:ite ,*alk above ! ,r$ is1 at          
,hun/anton1 v  fossilif]\s2 ?\gh r5d]$  
some:at useless1 l t ( ,york%ire1  to ! 
geologi/1 f its extreme h>dness4 ,among/
 o!r %ells1 may  be m5tion$ sev]al k9ds 
( s]pul1 belemnites1 & ammonites4 ,^!   
la/ are occasionally v l>ge3 :5 ,i 0 at 

,hun/anton1 9 !  autumn1 ,i f\nd an     
example two feet 9 diamet]2 ) great     
difficulty ,i  extricat$ x f its matrix1
 break+ x 9 half dur+ ! op]ation2  &1   
f9ally1 _h ! mortification ( discov]+ t 
its weight 0  s great ,i c\ld n c>ry x  
away4    ,! ,r$ ,*alk b5ea?1 :i* is     
ne>ly f\r feet 9 ?ickness1 is v  full ( 
fossils3 belemnites1 s]pul1 t]ebratul1  
corals1 & _m  o!rs1 n to m5tion bones4  
,! numb] ( specim5s on ! table w  te/ify
 to its ri*ness 9 organic rema9s4       
,sometimes x is s(t & crumbl+2 b1       
g5]ally speak+1 x is v  h>d1 gritty1 ( a
 bright r$ %ade1 & full ( small         
d>k-col\r$  silice\s pebbles2 9 ?is     
respect diff]+ consid]ably f ! ,r$      
,*alk ( ,speeton--9 :i* ,i h n se5      
pebbles4 ,pr(essor ,t5nant1  :o has     
exam9$ ! ,hun/anton pebbles1 in=ms me t 
!y consi/ (  *alc$ony1 qu>tz1 fl9t1     
slate1 & br[n sp> or c>bonate  ( iron4  
,x also conta9s a great quantity (      
fragm5ts ( inoc]ami1 & a  curi\s ramify+
 sponge-l /ructure 7!re is "o on !      

table71  :i* also occurs 9 ! ,:ite ,*alk
 above4    ,some?+ v simil> to ! ramify+
 sponge is se5 on ! surface  ( blocks on
 ! sea-%ore at ! back ( ! ,isle ( ,wight
 9 !  gre5s& =mation1 & "o v l x on !   
calc>e\s grit ( !  ,york%ire %ore4 ,y w 
obs]ve ^! la/ to ! nor? ( ,filey1 b     
no?+ ( ! same appe>ance exi/s 9 ! ,:ite 
,*alk at ,speeton4    ,und]nea? ! ,r$   
,*alk ( ,hun/anton occurs a yell[ & br[n
 pebbly  s&/one1 :i* 0 =m]ly suppos$ to 
conta9 no organic rema9s4  ,mr4 ,c4 ,b4 
,rose ( ,y>m\?1 h[ev]1 has obta9$ _m4   
,?is b$ is t]m$ 9 ^? p>ts c>/one1 & mu* 
employ$ z  a build+-mat]ial4 ,! cottages
 9 t neighb\rhood & on !  road f ,lynn  
seem at a di/ance z ?\gh !y _h be5      
con/ruct$  ( masses ( g+]bread1 s great 
is ! simil>ity 9 col\r &  appe>ance4    
,! l5g? ( ! ,r$ ,*alk1 f end to end1 at 
! ,hun/anton ,cliff  is ab\t #a1jjj     
y>ds1 & its greate/ elevation at ! po9t 
:]e x  atta9s ! top & quits ! cliff is  
?irty-sev5 feet2 h5ce its rise  is v    
gradual1 s9ce its fir/ appe>ance is     

ne>ly on a level )  ! bea*4    ,!re are 
two o!r ?+s wor? obs]v+ at ,hun/anton4  
,"o is !  ligh?\se1 :i* is ^u ! dioptric
 pr9ciple1 ! light be+  transmitt$ out  
to sea by means ( glass prisms in/ead ( 
! ord9>y  metal reflectors2 & ! o!r is a
 ve/ige ( a rais$ sea-bea*  on ! cliffs 
compos$ ( r\nd$ fragm5ts ( ,:ite & ,r$  
,*alk  imm$iately repos+ on ! gre5s&4 ,x
 is situat$ at ! s\?w>d  ( ! po9t :]e ! 
,r$ ,*alk crops out4    ,we w n[1 if y  
please1 quit ,hun/anton1 & proce$ t[>ds 
,lynn1  keep+ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( !      
coa*-road4    ,if we c\ld dig up ! gr\nd
 :5 we 7 )9 eight or n9e miles  ( ,lynn1
 we %\ld /ill see our old companion at  
our feet1 = !  ,r$ ,*alk has be5        
recognis$ at ! villages ( ,+old/horpe & 
,d]s+ham4    ,we %all soon meet x no m4 
,at ,leziate1 a little to ! nor?-ea/  ( 
,lynn1 x becomes ext9ct4 ,mr4 ,c4 ,b4   
,rose1 :o always ?\ght ! ,r$  ,*alk w\ld
 prove to be ! equival5t ( ! gault1 & :o
 argu$  f ! evid5ce ( fossils & f !     
direction ( ! outcrops  t ! true gault &

 ! ,r$ ,*alk mu/ ultimately meet1--,mr4 
,rose1  ,i say1 has in=m$ me t he has   
obs]v$ ! ,r$ ,*alk & ! gault            
incorporat$ toge!r at ,leziate4         
,h5ce=w>d to ! s\? ! ,r$  ,*alk is no m 
se54    ,?us1 !n1 we h come to !        
t]m9ation ( our j\rney4 ,we h  not$ !   
beg9n+ & ! end+ ( ! ,r$ ,*alk1 we h also
  tak5 "s acc\nt ( its neighb\rs4 ,we h 
notic$1 too1 t 9  ,york%ire x = ! mo/ "p
 reposes on ! ,speeton clay1 ?\gh 9     
c]ta9 localities x is next ! lias &     
,kimm]idge clay1 & t 9  ,l9coln%ire &   
,norfolk x re/s on a d>k br[n pebbly    
mass suppos$  to belong to ! l[] gre5s& 
=mation ( ! s\? ( ,engl&4    ,! ,r$     
,*alk has also be5 discov]$ 9 a v       
unexpect$ place1  al?\gh n 9 sit4 ,i    
allude to ! drift ( ,muswell ,hill4 ,9 t
  collection ( diff]5t mat]ials1        
compris+ examples f e  =mation f !      
,london clay to ! m\nta9 lime/one 9 a   
/ratum (  eighte5 feet1 ! ,r$ ,*alk has 
be5 se5 9 a b\ld]$ condition4    ,by !  
k9dness ( ,mr4 ,we!rell ( ,highgate1 ,i 

am enabl$ to exhibit  specim5s f ! drift
 ( ,muswell ,hill4 ,any p]son :o comp>es
 !m  ) o!rs f ,hun/anton1 w\ld decl>e !y
 came f ! same b$1  s alike are !y 9    
appe>ance4    ,!re 0 a "t no d\bt :5 ?is
 ,r$ ,*alk _h a m ext5d$ range3  its    
pres5ce 9 ! drift ( ,muswell ,hill1 z   
well z 9 ! drift (  o!r places1 implies 
z mu*4 ,p]haps x may /ill exi/ else:]e1 
deep d[n 9 ! e>?4    ,9 a well sunk at  
,/[m>ket a r$ sub/ance 0 f\nd "u ! ,:ite
  ,*alk1 at a dep? ( #ijj feet2 & 9     
ano!r well sunk at ,k5ti% ,t[n1  !      
workm5 met1 at a dep? ( #a1aac feet bel[
 ! surface1 b5ea?  ! gault1 a b$ ( r$   
matt] #ahh feet ?ick--"s ( ?is r$ matt] 
appe>$ to conta9 belemnites4            
,geologi/s are divid$ 9 op9ion ) respect
 to ?is deep-sunk r$  b$1 :i* c]ta9ly is
 n always cont9u\s 7= in/ance1 x 0 n    
f\nd at a bor+ at ,h>wi*71 & "s incl9e  
to ! op9ion t x  belongs to ! ,new ,r$1 
o!rs t x is ! equival5t ( :at is  /yl$ !
 ,r$ ,*alk4 ,b x is difficult to give a 
solution at pres5t4  ,x is c]ta9 t 9 !  

gault =mation1 or ne> x1 b$s ( a r$     
col\r are occasionally f\nd4 ,ne> ,dork+
 ! l[] gre5s& is  capp$ by a local b$ ( 
bright r$ clay1 eight feet ?ick4 ,&     
examples  ( r$ clays f ! gault ( ,r+m] 9
 ,sussex & ,*>+ 9 ,k5t c  be se5 9 !    
,museum ( ! ,geological ,society (      
,london4 ,:e!r !y  h any relation ) !   
,r$ ,*alk prop] ( ,engl& dep5ds ^u !    
position :i* is giv5 to t =mation4      
,geologi/s g5]ally consid] ! ,r$ ,*alk z
 really equal to !  ,gault4 ,_m ( !     
fossils c]ta9ly are gault species2 o!rs 
no d\bt  belong to ! ,l[] ,*alk2 &1     
!re=e1 probably x is bett] to  reg>d x z
 an int]m$iate =mation betwe5 ! ,l[]    
,*alk &  ! ,l[] ,gre5s&1 :i* comes into 
be+ :5 ! ,gault & ,upp]  ,gre5s& h almo/
 ?9n$ out4    ,"o ( ! memb]s ( our      
,committee1 ,mr4 ,rick>d1 has be5 good  
en\gh  to make me an analysis ( ! ,r$   
,*alk ( ,speeton & ,hun/anton4 ,!       
,speeton is z foll[s3--        ,c>bonate
 ( lime1 ) a little alum9a       #ha4b  
,p]oxide ( iron                         

#d4c      ,silica                       
#ad4e                                   
-----                                   
#ajj4                                   
-----    ,f ,hun/anton--                
,c>bonate ( lime1 ) a little alum9a     
#hb4c      ,p]oxide ( iron              
#f4d      ,silica                       
#aa4c                                   
-----                                   
#ajj4                                   
-----    ,! latt] ( :i* agrees rem>kably
 well ) ! col\r ( !  specim51 = ! ,r$   
,*alk ( ,hun/anton is bright] ?an t (   
,speeton4    ,two specim5s ( ! bor+s (  
,k5ti% ,t[n1 "o a r$ argillace\s &  !   
o!r a silice\s mass1 gave ! foll[+      
results3--    ,argillace\s--            
,p]oxide ( iron                         
#f4e      ,c>bonate ( lime              
#ac4e      ,silica & alum9a 7*iefly !   
latt]7       #hj4j                      
-----                                   
#ajj4                                   
-----    ,silice\s--        ,p]oxide (  

iron                              #b4e  
,c>bonate ( lime                        
#bc4e      ,silica1 ) a little alum9a   
#gd4j                                   
-----                                   
#ajj4                                   
-----    ,:e!r any connexion c be trac$ 
betwe5 ^! la/ two & ! two  =m]1 ,i leave
 = o!rs to decide4    ,! foll[+ li/ (   
books may p]haps be useful to ^? :o wi% 
to  fur!r inve/igate ! subject3--,9     
,pr(essor ,phillips' ,geology (         
,york%ire1         ,"y & ,bird's ,survey
 ( ! ,york%ire ,coa/1         ,dr4      
,fitton's ,memoir ( ! ,/rata bel[ !     
,*alk1         ,taylor's ,hun/anton     
,cliff 7,phil4 ,mag4 vol4 lxi471        
,woodw>d's ,geology ( ,norfolk1         
,rose on ! ,geology ( ,we/ ,norfolk     
7,phil4 ,mag4 = ! ye>s       #ahce &    
#ahcf71    w be f\nd "s acc\nt ( !      
,engli% ,r$ ,*alk4 ,& 9         ,s$gwick
 & ,mur*ison on ! ,/ructure ( ! ,ea/]n  
,alps       7,geol4 ,soc4 ,trans4 vol4  
iii4 ,second ,s]ies71         ,sir4 ,r4 

,i4 ,mur*ison on ! ,geological ,/ructure
 ( ! ,alps       7,qu>t4 ,geol4 ,j\rnal1
 vol4 v471         ,pr(4 ,t4 ,a4        
,catullo on ! ,epiolitic ,rocks ( !     
,v5etian       ,alps 7,qu>t4 ,geol4     
,j\rnal1 vol4 vii71         ,c\nt ,a4 de
 ,zigno on ! ,/ratifi$ ,=mations ( !    
,v5etian       ,alps 7,qu>t4 ,j\rnal    
,geol4 ,soc4 vol4 vi471    w be se5 an  
outl9e ( ! ,scaglia or ,r$ ,*alk (      
,italy4    ,by ! k9dness ( ,dr4         
,b[]bank1 ,messrs4 ,we!rell1 ,bean1     
,leck5by1  & ,rose1 9 p]mitt+ me to see 
! specim5s 9 _! respective  cab9ets1 &  
to :om1 z well z to ,mr4 ,rup]t ,jones1 
,i mu/ express  great obligations = mu* 
valuable in=mation1 ! accompany+ li/  ( 
! ,r$ ,*alk fossils ( ,speeton1         
,hun/anton1 & ,muswell ,hill  has be5   
compil$4 ,to ! ,c\ncil ( ! ,geological  
,society1 ,i am  also indebt$ =         
p]mission to figure f ! ,society's      
,museum !  ,inoc]amus ,crispii1 on pl4  
i4 fig4 #d4      ,,li/ ,,( ,,fossils ,,f
 ,,! ,,r$ ,,*alk4      ,key to ,table   

,columns3        ,s3  ,speeton      ,h3 
,hun/anton      ,,mh3 ,muswell ,hill    
,s   ,h   ,,mh    ,cri/ell>ia rotulata1 
,d',orb4 ,pl4 ,,ii4 fig4 #h             
,s[]by's ,m94 ,con*ology1 tab4 #aba1    
page #de4              7,9 ! collection 
( ,mr4 ,jones47      ,siphonia pyri=mis4
 ,pl4 ,,ii4 fig4 #b                     
,goldfuss ,petrifacta1 tab4 #f1 fig4 #g1
 page #af4              7,9 ! collection
 ( ,mr4 ,rose47          ,?is is        
probably ! head ( ! next4      ,spongia 
p>adoxica4 ,pl4 ,,ii4 fig4 #a           
,geol4 ,trans4 #b1 tab4 #bg1 fig4 #a1   
page #cgg4              7,9 !           
collections ( ,mr4 ,rose &              
,au?or47      ,b\rgueticr9us rugosus4   
,pl4 ,,iii4 fig4 #e                     
,d',orbigny's ,hi/4 des ,cr9oides1 tab4 
#ag1         fig4 #af-ai4               
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose &        
,au?or47      ,p5tacr9ites ,fittonii    
,au/9's ,cr9oids1 page #abe4            
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose1 ,au?or1 
& ,mr4 ,we!rell47      ,c>dia/]         

suborbicul>is1 ,=bes4 ,pl4 ,,ii4 fig4 #c
                   ,gold4 tab4 #de1 fig4
 #e1 page #adh4              7,9 !      
collections ( ,mr4 ,rose &              
,au?or47          ,mr4 ,rose's specim5  
is f> bett] ?an !            "o figur$4 
,cid>is ,gault9a 7871 ,=bes1 ,dec4 v4   
,pl4 ,,iii4 fig4 #g                     
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47         
,sp9es ) #h ridges1 #aj ridges1 & #bj   
ridges                                  
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose & ,mr4   
,we!rell47      ,diadema tumidum1 ,=bes1
 ,dec4 v4 ,pl4 ,,iii4 fig4 #f           
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47         
,s]pula antiquata4 ,pl4 ,,iii4 fig4 #d  
,s[4 ,m94 ,con4 tab4 #eih1 fig4 #d1 page
 #bjb4              7,9 ! collection (  
,mr4 ,rose47      ,s]pula irregul>is4   
,pl4 ,,iii4 fig4 #c                     
7,9 ! collection ( ,au?or47      ,s]pula
 tris]rata4 ,see notice1 page #ah       
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47         
,v]micul>ia umbonata4 ,pl4 ,,iii4 fig4  
#b                                      

,mantell's ,geol4 ( ,sussex1 tab4 #ah1  
fig4 #bd1        page #aaa4             
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose &        
,au?or47      ,v]micul>ia elongata1     
,bean ,,ms4 ,pl4 ,,iii4 fig4 #a1 #a;a   
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,bean1 ,dr4    
,b[]bank1 & ,au?or47      ,cy!rella     
ovata1 ,roem]4 ,pl4 ,,ii4 fig4 #g       
,jones1 ,cretace\s ,entomo/raca4 ,pal4  
,soc4 page #bi4              7,9 !      
collection ( ,mr4 ,jones47      ,idmonea
 dilatata                               
,d',orbigny's ,t]ra9s ,crtacs1 tab4     
#fcb4              7,9 ! collection (   
,mr4 ,bean47      ,dia/opora ramosa1    
,dixon                                  
,geol4 ,suss4 page #bie4                
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,bean47         
,c]iopora spongites                     
,goldfuss1 page #be1 tab4 #aj1 fig4 #ad4
              7,9 ! collection (        
,au?or47      ,t]ebratula capillata4    
,pl4 ,,iv4 fig4 #d1 #d;a1        mag4   
surface                                 
,davidson's ,cretace\s ,bra*iopoda1     

plate #e1        fig4 #ab1 page #df4    
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose          
& ,au?or47      ,t]ebratula biplicata4  
,pl4 ,,iv4 fig4 #a1 #a;a1        mag4   
surface                                 
,david4 plate #f1 fig4 #cd4             
7,9 ! collections ( ,dr4 ,b[]bank1      
,mr4 ,rose1 & ,au?or47      ,t]ebratula 
,dutempleana                            
,david4 #f1 fig4 #a4              7,9 ! 
collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47               
,t]ebratula semiglobosa4 ,pl4 ,,iv4 fig4
 #b1 #b;a1        mag4 surface          
,david4 plate #h1 fig4 #ag4             
7,9 ! collections ( ,dr4 ,b[]bank1      
,mr4 ,bean1 & ,au?or47      ,k+5a lima4 
,pl4 ,,iv4 fig4 #c1 #c;a1 mag4 surface  
,david4 plate #e1 fig4 #c1 page #db4    
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose &        
,au?or47      ,avicula1 ca/ (4 7,9 !    
collection ( ,mr4 ,bean47               
,exogyra haliotoidea4 ,pl4 ,,ii4 fig4   
#aj                                ,s[4 
,m4 ,c4 tab4 #be1 page #fg4             
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose &        

,au?or47      ,inoc]amus ,coqu&ianus4   
,pl4 ,i4 fig4 #a                        
,d',orb4 ,t]4 ,crt4 tab4 #djc1 fig4     
#f-h4              7,9 ! collection (   
,au?or47      ,i4 ,crispii4 ,pl4 ,i4    
fig4 #d                                 
,mant4 ,g4 ,s4 tab4 #bg1 fig4 #aa1 page 
#acc4              7,9 ! collections (  
,mr4 ,rose &                ,geol4      
,soc47      ,i4 t5uis4 ,pl4 ,i4 fig4 #e 
8      ,mant4 ,g4 ,s4 page #acb4        
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose & ,mr4   
,we!rell47      ,i4 gryphoides          
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #ehd1 fig4 #a1 page   
#afa4             7,9 ! collection (    
,mr4 ,rose47      ,i4 lviusculus1 ,bean 
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,bean47      ,i4
 sulcatus                               
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #cjf1 page #ahd4      
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47         
,o/rea frons4 ,p>k4 ,pl4 ,,ii4 fig4 #d  
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #cfe1 page #hi4       
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,we!rell47      
,o4 vesicul>is1 ,lam4 ,pl4 ,,ii4 fig4 #e
                                 ,s[4   

,m4 ,c4 tab4 #cib1 page #abg4           
7,9 ! collection ( ! ,au?or47      ,o4  
,normaniana                             
,d',orb4 tab4 #dhh1 fig4 #a-c1 page     
#gdf4             7,9 ! collection (    
,mr4 ,rose47      ,pect5 ,beav]i        
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #aeh1 page #aca4      
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47         
,spondylus latus                        
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #hj1 fig4 #b1 page    
#ahd4              7,9 ! collection (   
,mr4 ,rose & ,au?or47      ,ammonites   
alt]natus 8                             
,woodw>d1 ,geol4 ,norfolk1 tab4 #f1 fig4
 #bc4      ,ammonites complanatus       
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #efg1 fig4 #a4        
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47      ,a4
 ro/ratus                               
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #agc1 page #afc4      
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47      ,a4
 s]ratus1 ,p>k9son                      
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #cjh1 page #c4        
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,rose47         
,belemnites att5uatus4 ,pl4 ,,iv4 fig4  
#e                               ,s[4   

,m4 ,c4 tab4 #eih1 fig4 #b1 page #agf4  
7,9 ! collection ( ,au?or47      ,b4    
m9imus4 ,pl4 ,,iv4 fig4 #h              
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #eih1 fig4 #a1 page   
#age4              7,9 ! collections (  
,messrs4 ,b[]bank1                ,bean1
 ,rose1 ,we!rell1 & ,au?or47            
,belemnites ,li/]i4 ,pl4 ,,iv4 fig4 #f  
,phil4 ,geol4 ,york4 tab4 #a1 fig4 #ah4 
7,9 ! collection ( ,au?or47      ,b4    
ultimus1 ,d',orb4 ,pl4 ,,iv4 fig4 #g    
,%>pe1 ,*alk ,moll4 tab4 #a1 fig4 #ag4  
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,bean &        
,au?or47      ,nautilus simplex4 ,pl4   
,i4 fig4 #c                             
,s[4 ,m4 ,c4 tab4 #abb1 page #abb4      
7,9 ! collections ( ,mr4 ,rose1 ,mr4    
,we!rell1 & ,au?or47      ,otodus       
app5diculatus                           
,ag4 vol4 iii41 page #bgj1 tab4 #cb4    
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,we!rell47      
,too? ( ,saurian                        
7,9 ! collection ( ,mr4 ,bean47         
,v]tebra ( ,polypty*odon 787            
7,9 ! collection ( ,au?or47             

,siphonia pyri=mis is probably ! head ( 
,spongia       p>adoxica4 ,9 ! cab9et ( 
,mr4 ,rose is a mass ( ! latt]1 to      
:i* a head simil> to ! "o figur$ is     
atta*$4         ,b\rgueticr9us rugosus4 
,! diamet] ( ! specim5 figur$       is  
#c_/d ( an in*1 ! dep? ( ea* plate      
#c_/af4 ,! surface (       atta*m5t is  
cov]$ ) v f9e mamill1 9 rays ( sev5 9   
numb]2 a small] specim5 9 possession ( !
 au?or measures #c_/h       ( an in* 9  
diamet] & #a_/h 9 dep?4         ,!      
s]pula repres5t$ 9 ,plate ,,iii4 fig4 #c
 v>ies 9 its       irregul> gr[? f !    
specim5s figur$ on ! same plate4        
,?is "* p]haps c sc>cely be reg>d$ z a  
specific       diff]5ce2 bo? ,v4        
elongata & ! s]pula "u consid]ation     
h ! same ?ickness ( ! calc>e\s tube4 ,! 
=m]       occurs only at ,speeton & !   
latt] at ,hun/anton2 9 ord] to          
di/+ui% ! two1 ! title irregul>is may be
 appli$ to !       latt] z a v>iety4    
,s]pula tris]rata1 a species f\nd on a  
specim5 ( ,ammonites       complanatus1 

is di/+ui%able by its ?ree s]rate       
longitud9al       ridges4 ,a simil> =m  
occurs on o/re f ! ,kimm]idge clay (    
,we/ ,norfolk4         ,t]ebratula      
semiglobosa is common at ,speeton1 b v  
r>e at       ,hun/anton4 ,t4 biplicata  
is v common at ,hun/anton1 b is n       
kn[n at ,speeton4         ,inoc]amus    
lviusculus1 ,bean1 a l>ge smoo? species 
some?+       l ,i4 ,cuvi]i4         ,!  
,ammonites alt]natus ( ,woodw>d is n[   
lo/2 x 0       probably a v>iety ( ,a4  
s]ratus1 ,p>k4         ,belemnites      
m9imus is sometimes two in*es long 9 !  
,hun/anton ,cliff4         ,! v]tebra ( 
,polypty*odon w\ld be1 if p]fect1 ab\t  
six       in*es 9 diamet] & ?ree 9      
?ickness4         ,! small specim5 %[n 9
 ,plate ,,ii4 fig4 #i evid5tly belongs  
to ! ,turb9olian family ( corals1 &     
possibly to ! g5us       ,tro*ocya?us   
in/itut$ by ,messrs4 ,milne-,edw>ds &   
,j4 ,haime1 9       #ahdh4 ,! specim5s z
 yet obta9$ are n suffici5tly num]\s    
nor p]fect = a rigid comp>ison ) o!r    

=ms1 or to admit       ( a suffici5tly  
detail$ description %\ld ! species prove
       to be new4 ,! con/rict$ =m ( gr[?
 is v common 9 !       ,p>asmilia ( !   
,upp] ,*alk1 & has no specific value4   
,! *>act]i/ic fossils ( ! ,r$ ,*alk at  
,speeton are       ,t]ebratula          
semiglobosa1 ,belemnites m9imus1 &      
,v]micul>ia       elongata2 & at        
,hun/anton1 ,t]ebratula biplicata1      
,belemnites       m9imus1 & ,spongia    
p>adoxica4    ,9 conclusion1 ,i h       
endeav\r$ all along to conf9e myself to 
facts1 & to ab/a9 f !ories1 because ,i  
?9k ! ,geologi/s'  ,association ought r 
to foll[ 9 ! /eps ( le>n$ m5 ?an to  wi%
 to take ! lead4 ,i am sure by do+ s we 
%all ga9 respect4 ,if  ! /rictly        
sci5tific work]s see we wi% to acquire  
in=mation1  r ?an to pur*ase an empty   
"n1 !y w hold out ! "r h&  ( fell[%ip & 
help u mightily2 :il/1 on ! contr>y1 if 
!y  p]ceive we aspire too mu*1 & attempt
 to grasp :at we _c hold1  !n well-m]it$
 ridicule w und\bt$ly be ours4 ,!       

,geologi/s'  ,association 0 only =m$ to 
br+ amateurs toge!r1 to give !m a  place
 to meet 91 & a room :]e !y c\ld speak  
on k9dr$ subjects4  ,i tru/ ! memb]s w  
always use ! opportunity1 & n be afraid 
to speak1 ev] rememb]+ t ea* "o has "s  
little k :i*  8 neighb\r has n1 & t :5  
ea* helps 8 fell[1 mu* mu/ be  ! ga9 at 
la/4    ,illu/ration3 ,pl4 ,i4          
,illu/ration3 ,pl4 ,,ii4                
,illu/ration3 ,pl4 ,,iii4               
,illu/ration3 ,pl4 ,,iv4